{ "Tomato___Late_blight": { "organic": "Spray neem oil; remove infected parts early.", "chemical": "Use copper fungicide; apply metalaxyl-based fungicides.", "prevention": "Ensure good drainage; avoid wet leaves overnight; crop rotation." }, "Tomato___healthy": { "organic": "Maintain soil health with compost and neem cake.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Regular monitoring, proper irrigation, and avoid overcrowding." }, "Grape___healthy": { "organic": "Mulching and use of organic fertilizers.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Proper pruning, canopy management, and disease-free seedlings." }, "Orange___Haunglongbing_(Citrus_greening)": { "organic": "Introduce natural predators of psyllid insects; neem sprays.", "chemical": "Apply systemic insecticides (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam).", "prevention": "Remove infected trees; use disease-free planting stock." }, "Soybean___healthy": { "organic": "Apply rhizobium inoculants and compost.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Crop rotation and weed management." }, "Squash___Powdery_mildew": { "organic": "Spray milk solution (1:9 ratio with water) or neem oil.", "chemical": "Sulfur dusting or fungicides like trifloxystrobin.", "prevention": "Plant resistant varieties; ensure good airflow." }, "Potato___healthy": { "organic": "Use farmyard manure and mulch.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Rotate crops; use certified seed potatoes." }, "Corn_(maize)___Northern_Leaf_Blight": { "organic": "Apply compost tea or neem-based sprays.", "chemical": "Fungicides with azoxystrobin or pyraclostrobin.", "prevention": "Plant resistant hybrids; rotate with non-host crops." }, "Tomato___Early_blight": { "organic": "Use compost tea or neem oil sprays.", "chemical": "Chlorothalonil or copper-based fungicides.", "prevention": "Avoid overhead irrigation; rotate crops regularly." }, "Tomato___Septoria_leaf_spot": { "organic": "Remove affected leaves; apply baking soda spray.", "chemical": "Use fungicides like mancozeb or chlorothalonil.", "prevention": "Avoid water splashing; provide staking for airflow." }, "Corn_(maize)___Cercospora_leaf_spot Gray_leaf_spot": { "organic": "Neem oil sprays; intercropping to reduce spread.", "chemical": "Fungicides containing strobilurins or triazoles.", "prevention": "Rotate crops and use resistant maize varieties." }, "Strawberry___Leaf_scorch": { "organic": "Apply compost tea; remove damaged leaves.", "chemical": "Use copper fungicides if severe.", "prevention": "Ensure good air circulation; avoid overhead watering." }, "Peach___healthy": { "organic": "Apply compost and mulching.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Prune trees regularly; monitor for pests." }, "Apple___Apple_scab": { "organic": "Apply sulfur sprays and neem oil.", "chemical": "Captan or mancozeb fungicides.", "prevention": "Prune trees and remove fallen leaves." }, "Tomato___Tomato_Yellow_Leaf_Curl_Virus": { "organic": "Use neem oil to control whiteflies.", "chemical": "Apply insecticides targeting whiteflies.", "prevention": "Plant resistant varieties; use row covers." }, "Tomato___Bacterial_spot": { "organic": "Copper-based sprays; remove infected parts.", "chemical": "Fixed copper fungicides.", "prevention": "Avoid working with wet plants; use certified seeds." }, "Apple___Black_rot": { "organic": "Prune infected twigs; apply compost tea.", "chemical": "Fungicides like thiophanate-methyl.", "prevention": "Remove mummified fruits; maintain orchard hygiene." }, "Blueberry___healthy": { "organic": "Use pine mulch and organic fertilizers.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Monitor for fungal infections and prune regularly." }, "Cherry_(including_sour)___Powdery_mildew": { "organic": "Neem oil or sulfur sprays.", "chemical": "Fungicides containing triflumizole or myclobutanil.", "prevention": "Prune for airflow; avoid excess nitrogen fertilizer." }, "Peach___Bacterial_spot": { "organic": "Apply compost tea; prune infected branches.", "chemical": "Copper sprays during dormant season.", "prevention": "Plant resistant cultivars; maintain sanitation." }, "Apple___Cedar_apple_rust": { "organic": "Remove nearby juniper hosts; neem sprays.", "chemical": "Myclobutanil or propiconazole fungicides.", "prevention": "Plant resistant apple varieties; remove galls early." }, "Tomato___Target_Spot": { "organic": "Neem oil sprays; remove lower leaves.", "chemical": "Chlorothalonil or mancozeb fungicides.", "prevention": "Improve air circulation and avoid overhead watering." }, "Pepper,_bell___healthy": { "organic": "Use compost and mulch.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Regular monitoring and balanced fertilization." }, "Grape___Leaf_blight_(Isariopsis_Leaf_Spot)": { "organic": "Neem or garlic extract sprays.", "chemical": "Copper fungicides or carbendazim.", "prevention": "Proper pruning and canopy management." }, "Potato___Late_blight": { "organic": "Neem oil sprays; remove infected leaves.", "chemical": "Fungicides with metalaxyl or mancozeb.", "prevention": "Use certified seeds; ensure good drainage." }, "Tomato___Tomato_mosaic_virus": { "organic": "Use resistant varieties; disinfect tools.", "chemical": "No effective chemical control.", "prevention": "Avoid handling plants after smoking; use clean seeds." }, "Strawberry___healthy": { "organic": "Use organic compost and mulching.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Keep soil well-drained and avoid overcrowding." }, "Apple___healthy": { "organic": "Apply organic fertilizers and mulch.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Prune regularly and monitor for pests." }, "Grape___Black_rot": { "organic": "Neem sprays and removal of infected fruit.", "chemical": "Mancozeb or myclobutanil fungicides.", "prevention": "Remove mummified grapes; prune for airflow." }, "Potato___Early_blight": { "organic": "Compost tea; remove lower leaves.", "chemical": "Fungicides with chlorothalonil.", "prevention": "Crop rotation and proper irrigation management." }, "Cherry_(including_sour)___healthy": { "organic": "Apply organic mulch and compost.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Prune trees for airflow and monitor pests." }, "Corn_(maize)___Common_rust_": { "organic": "Neem sprays and compost application.", "chemical": "Fungicides containing strobilurins.", "prevention": "Plant resistant hybrids; avoid dense planting." }, "Grape___Esca_(Black_Measles)": { "organic": "Remove infected wood and apply bio-control agents.", "chemical": "No effective chemical cure; fungicides only preventive.", "prevention": "Maintain vineyard hygiene; avoid trunk injuries." }, "Raspberry___healthy": { "organic": "Mulching and compost application.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Prune canes; improve airflow." }, "Tomato___Leaf_Mold": { "organic": "Neem sprays and baking soda solution.", "chemical": "Copper fungicides.", "prevention": "Plant resistant varieties and reduce humidity." }, "Tomato___Spider_mites Two-spotted_spider_mite": { "organic": "Spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil.", "chemical": "Miticides like abamectin.", "prevention": "Keep plants hydrated; encourage natural predators." }, "Pepper,_bell___Bacterial_spot": { "organic": "Neem oil and copper sprays.", "chemical": "Fixed copper bactericides.", "prevention": "Avoid wet foliage and use disease-free seeds." }, "Corn_(maize)___healthy": { "organic": "Apply compost and balanced organic fertilizers.", "chemical": "None required.", "prevention": "Use crop rotation and proper irrigation." } }