Card: fix line endings (clean LF; restore YAML frontmatter parsing)
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README.md
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---
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license: cc-by-nc-4.0
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language:
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- en
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pipeline_tag: feature-extraction
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tags:
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- embeddings
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- multimodal
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- audio
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- retrieval
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- matryoshka
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- qwen3-vl
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- adapters
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base_model: Qwen/Qwen3-VL-Embedding-2B
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---
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<p align="center">
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<img src="assets/fusion-embedding-2-banner.png" alt="Fusion Embedding 2 (2B-Preview) — Eximius Labs" width="100%">
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</p>
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# fusion-embedding-2-2b-preview
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<div align="center">
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[](https://github.com/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding)
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[](https://github.com/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding)
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[](#license)
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[](#)
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[](https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.18666)
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[](https://github.com/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding)
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[](https://www.runpod.io/console/hub/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding)
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</div>
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`fusion-embedding-2-2b-preview` is the second generation of Eximius Labs' unified
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multimodal embedding models: **text, images, video, and audio in one vector space**.
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Audio is added to a byte-frozen vision-language base through modality-gated deep
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adapters, so gaining audio never changes a single existing text, image, or video
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vector. For the first-generation architecture see
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[fusion-embedding-1-2b-preview](https://huggingface.co/EximiusLabs/fusion-embedding-1-2b-preview)
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(that line is final at v0.3).
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[GitHub](https://github.com/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding) | Technical report: [arXiv:2607.18666](https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.18666)
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## Model Overview
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<p align="center">
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<img src="assets/fe2_model_overview.png" alt="fusion-embedding-2 architecture: frozen Qwen3-VL-Embedding base with modality-gated adapters inside; frozen audio tower and trained FusionResampler on the audio branch; one shared embedding space" width="820px">
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</p>
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`fusion-embedding-2-2b-preview` embeds all four modalities on a
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[Qwen3-VL-Embedding-2B](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen3-VL-Embedding-2B) base that is
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**byte-identical to its original release**: its text, image, and video behaviour, and
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its benchmark scores, carry over exactly. Audio is added by training 60.6M parameters
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(about 2.3% of the stack): a perceiver-resampler that maps frozen
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[Qwen2.5-Omni](https://huggingface.co/Qwen/Qwen2.5-Omni-7B) audio-tower features into
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the base's input space, plus **28 gated adapters** (44.2M) that give the frozen
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language model in-layer capacity for audio. The adapters run only while audio is being
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encoded; every other forward pass returns the frozen layers' output untouched, so the
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invariance is bitwise, not approximate. Adding audio never invalidates an index you
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have already built.
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This v0.3 release ships two revisions of the same model. The default is tuned for
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audio-text retrieval; a keyword-tuned revision is available for spoken-command use.
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## Versions in this release
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| Revision | Use it for | AudioCaps a2t R@10 | SpeechCommands |
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| --- | --- | --- | --- |
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| **`v0.3-preview`** (default) | general audio-text retrieval, RAG, clustering | **0.785** | 0.894 |
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| `v0.3-kw-preview` | spoken-keyword and command retrieval | 0.749 | **0.929** |
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The default (`v0.3-preview`) is the recommended model for almost all use. The
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keyword-tuned revision trades audio-text retrieval quality for higher zero-shot
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keyword-spotting accuracy; use it only when spoken-command matching is the priority,
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| 151 |
+
and use the default otherwise.
|
| 152 |
+
|
| 153 |
+
|
| 154 |
+
|
| 155 |
+
## Highlights (v0.3-preview)
|
| 156 |
+
|
| 157 |
+
|
| 158 |
+
|
| 159 |
+
| Feature | Value |
|
| 160 |
+
|
| 161 |
+
| --- | --- |
|
| 162 |
+
|
| 163 |
+
| Parameters | ~2.06B frozen base + 640M frozen audio tower; **60.6M trained** |
|
| 164 |
+
|
| 165 |
+
| Modalities | text, image, video, audio |
|
| 166 |
+
|
| 167 |
+
| AudioCaps 883 (audio-to-text) | R@1 0.333 · R@5 0.646 · R@10 **0.785** · mAP@10 0.255 |
|
| 168 |
+
|
| 169 |
+
| AudioCaps 883 (text-to-audio) | R@1 0.297 · R@5 0.653 · R@10 0.782 · mAP@10 0.445 |
|
| 170 |
+
|
| 171 |
+
| MAEB(audio-only), 19 tasks | mean **0.454**; leads the board on IEMOCAP speaker-gender (0.938) |
|
| 172 |
+
|
| 173 |
+
| Non-audio preservation | text, image, video outputs bit-for-bit the base model's |
|
| 174 |
+
|
| 175 |
+
| Embedding dimension | 2048 (Matryoshka: 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536, 2048) |
|
| 176 |
+
|
| 177 |
+
| Base model | Qwen/Qwen3-VL-Embedding-2B (byte-frozen) |
|
| 178 |
+
|
| 179 |
+
| Audio tower | Qwen/Qwen2.5-Omni-7B audio encoder (frozen) |
|
| 180 |
+
|
| 181 |
+
|
| 182 |
+
|
| 183 |
+
## Evaluation
|
| 184 |
+
|
| 185 |
+
|
| 186 |
+
|
| 187 |
+
<details open>
|
| 188 |
+
|
| 189 |
+
<summary>AudioCaps retrieval (883-clip test, min-rank over references)</summary>
|
| 190 |
+
|
| 191 |
+
|
| 192 |
+
|
| 193 |
+
| Model | a2t R@10 | t2a R@10 |
|
| 194 |
+
|
| 195 |
+
| --- | --- | --- |
|
| 196 |
+
|
| 197 |
+
| fusion-embedding-2 v0.2 | 0.743 | 0.775 |
|
| 198 |
+
|
| 199 |
+
| **v0.3-preview** | **0.785** | 0.782 |
|
| 200 |
+
|
| 201 |
+
| v0.3-kw-preview | 0.749 | 0.771 |
|
| 202 |
+
|
| 203 |
+
|
| 204 |
+
|
| 205 |
+
The v0.3 default improves audio-to-text retrieval by 4.2 points over v0.2.
|
| 206 |
+
|
| 207 |
+
|
| 208 |
+
|
| 209 |
+
</details>
|
| 210 |
+
|
| 211 |
+
|
| 212 |
+
|
| 213 |
+
<details>
|
| 214 |
+
|
| 215 |
+
<summary>MAEB(audio-only), full 19-task board — v0.3-preview</summary>
|
| 216 |
+
|
| 217 |
+
|
| 218 |
+
|
| 219 |
+
Mean 0.4536. Scores are the main metric per task.
|
| 220 |
+
|
| 221 |
+
|
| 222 |
+
|
| 223 |
+
| Task | Score |
|
| 224 |
+
|
| 225 |
+
| --- | --- |
|
| 226 |
+
|
| 227 |
+
| IEMOCAPGender | 0.938 |
|
| 228 |
+
|
| 229 |
+
| BeijingOpera | 0.924 |
|
| 230 |
+
|
| 231 |
+
| NMSQAPairClassification | 0.794 |
|
| 232 |
+
|
| 233 |
+
| GTZANAudioReranking | 0.717 |
|
| 234 |
+
|
| 235 |
+
| JamAltArtistA2ARetrieval | 0.687 |
|
| 236 |
+
|
| 237 |
+
| GTZANGenre | 0.644 |
|
| 238 |
+
|
| 239 |
+
| VoxPopuliLanguageID | 0.616 |
|
| 240 |
+
|
| 241 |
+
| MInDS14 | 0.578 |
|
| 242 |
+
|
| 243 |
+
| CREMADPairClassification | 0.543 |
|
| 244 |
+
|
| 245 |
+
| MridinghamTonic | 0.540 |
|
| 246 |
+
|
| 247 |
+
| VoxPopuliAccentPairClassification | 0.509 |
|
| 248 |
+
|
| 249 |
+
| CREMA_D | 0.277 |
|
| 250 |
+
|
| 251 |
+
| VoxCelebSA | 0.273 |
|
| 252 |
+
|
| 253 |
+
| BirdCLEF | 0.184 |
|
| 254 |
+
|
| 255 |
+
| CommonLanguageAgeDetection | 0.171 |
|
| 256 |
+
|
| 257 |
+
| SIBFLEURS | 0.115 |
|
| 258 |
+
|
| 259 |
+
| VoxPopuliGenderClustering | 0.079 |
|
| 260 |
+
|
| 261 |
+
| VehicleSoundClustering | 0.025 |
|
| 262 |
+
|
| 263 |
+
| CREMA_DClustering | 0.006 |
|
| 264 |
+
|
| 265 |
+
|
| 266 |
+
|
| 267 |
+
IEMOCAP speaker-gender classification is the strongest cell relative to the field.
|
| 268 |
+
|
| 269 |
+
Clustering tasks are the weakest and are a target for the next release.
|
| 270 |
+
|
| 271 |
+
|
| 272 |
+
|
| 273 |
+
</details>
|
| 274 |
+
|
| 275 |
+
|
| 276 |
+
|
| 277 |
+
<details>
|
| 278 |
+
|
| 279 |
+
<summary>Non-audio preservation and other modalities</summary>
|
| 280 |
+
|
| 281 |
+
|
| 282 |
+
|
| 283 |
+
Text, image, and video outputs are bit-for-bit identical to the frozen
|
| 284 |
+
|
| 285 |
+
Qwen3-VL-Embedding-2B base (the adapter gate is closed on those inputs). Their
|
| 286 |
+
|
| 287 |
+
benchmark scores are therefore the base model's own, unchanged by anything added for
|
| 288 |
+
|
| 289 |
+
audio. Audio-to-image retrieval is emergent: the model is trained on audio-text pairs
|
| 290 |
+
|
| 291 |
+
only, with no audio-image supervision.
|
| 292 |
+
|
| 293 |
+
|
| 294 |
+
|
| 295 |
+
</details>
|
| 296 |
+
|
| 297 |
+
|
| 298 |
+
|
| 299 |
+
## Notes and limitations
|
| 300 |
+
|
| 301 |
+
|
| 302 |
+
|
| 303 |
+
- **Emotion recognition regressed** relative to v0.2. On RAVDESS zero-shot emotion the
|
| 304 |
+
|
| 305 |
+
score is 0.21 (v0.2: 0.35). The v0.3 training mix improved spoken-content
|
| 306 |
+
|
| 307 |
+
understanding at the cost of vocal-prosody sensitivity. If speech-emotion is central
|
| 308 |
+
|
| 309 |
+
to your use, evaluate before adopting.
|
| 310 |
+
|
| 311 |
+
- One evaluation cell, `CommonLanguageAgeDetection`, derives from Common Voice, which is
|
| 312 |
+
|
| 313 |
+
part of the training data. It scores low (0.171) and does not inflate the reported
|
| 314 |
+
|
| 315 |
+
mean, but the potential overlap is noted for completeness.
|
| 316 |
+
|
| 317 |
+
- These are research previews under CC-BY-NC-4.0.
|
| 318 |
+
|
| 319 |
+
|
| 320 |
+
|
| 321 |
+
## Usage
|
| 322 |
+
|
| 323 |
+
|
| 324 |
+
|
| 325 |
+
<details>
|
| 326 |
+
|
| 327 |
+
<summary>Requirements</summary>
|
| 328 |
+
|
| 329 |
+
|
| 330 |
+
|
| 331 |
+
- `fusion_embedding` package: `pip install git+https://github.com/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding`
|
| 332 |
+
|
| 333 |
+
- `transformers>=4.46`, `torch` (CUDA), `torchvision`, `pillow`, `soundfile`, `librosa`
|
| 334 |
+
|
| 335 |
+
- ~14 GB GPU memory at bf16
|
| 336 |
+
|
| 337 |
+
|
| 338 |
+
|
| 339 |
+
</details>
|
| 340 |
+
|
| 341 |
+
|
| 342 |
+
|
| 343 |
+
<details open>
|
| 344 |
+
|
| 345 |
+
<summary>via <code>inference.py</code> (this repository)</summary>
|
| 346 |
+
|
| 347 |
+
|
| 348 |
+
|
| 349 |
+
```python
|
| 350 |
+
|
| 351 |
+
from inference import FusionEmbedder
|
| 352 |
+
|
| 353 |
+
|
| 354 |
+
|
| 355 |
+
fe = FusionEmbedder.from_pretrained(
|
| 356 |
+
|
| 357 |
+
"EximiusLabs/fusion-embedding-2-2b-preview",
|
| 358 |
+
|
| 359 |
+
revision="v0.3-preview", # default, retrieval-tuned
|
| 360 |
+
|
| 361 |
+
# revision="v0.3-kw-preview", # keyword-tuned alternative
|
| 362 |
+
|
| 363 |
+
)
|
| 364 |
+
|
| 365 |
+
|
| 366 |
+
|
| 367 |
+
a = fe.embed_audio("dog.wav") # audio file or (array, sr=...)
|
| 368 |
+
|
| 369 |
+
t = fe.embed_text("a dog barks") # uses the base's native chat template
|
| 370 |
+
|
| 371 |
+
i = fe.embed_image("dog.jpg") # PIL image or path
|
| 372 |
+
|
| 373 |
+
|
| 374 |
+
|
| 375 |
+
print((a @ t).item(), (a @ i).item()) # cosine similarities in the shared space
|
| 376 |
+
|
| 377 |
+
|
| 378 |
+
|
| 379 |
+
# Matryoshka: pass dim= for smaller embeddings (64..2048)
|
| 380 |
+
|
| 381 |
+
t_small = fe.embed_text("a dog barks", dim=256)
|
| 382 |
+
|
| 383 |
+
```
|
| 384 |
+
|
| 385 |
+
|
| 386 |
+
|
| 387 |
+
The checkpoint contains the gated adapters and the loader refuses to run without them.
|
| 388 |
+
|
| 389 |
+
All inputs use the base model's chat-template format; embedding quality is sensitive to
|
| 390 |
+
|
| 391 |
+
this formatting, so use the templates provided by `FusionEmbedder`.
|
| 392 |
+
|
| 393 |
+
|
| 394 |
+
|
| 395 |
+
</details>
|
| 396 |
+
|
| 397 |
+
|
| 398 |
+
|
| 399 |
+
<details>
|
| 400 |
+
|
| 401 |
+
<summary>Cross-modal ranking tip</summary>
|
| 402 |
+
|
| 403 |
+
|
| 404 |
+
|
| 405 |
+
When ranking a gallery of one modality against queries of another, per-modality
|
| 406 |
+
|
| 407 |
+
mean-centering of the gallery improves cross-modal recall:
|
| 408 |
+
|
| 409 |
+
|
| 410 |
+
|
| 411 |
+
```python
|
| 412 |
+
|
| 413 |
+
gallery = FusionEmbedder.center(gallery_embeddings)
|
| 414 |
+
|
| 415 |
+
```
|
| 416 |
+
|
| 417 |
+
|
| 418 |
+
|
| 419 |
+
</details>
|
| 420 |
+
|
| 421 |
+
|
| 422 |
+
|
| 423 |
+
## Changelog
|
| 424 |
+
|
| 425 |
+
|
| 426 |
+
|
| 427 |
+
- **v0.3-preview** (default): retrieval-tuned flagship. AudioCaps a2t R@10 0.785
|
| 428 |
+
|
| 429 |
+
(+0.042 over v0.2); MAEB(audio-only) mean 0.454; leads IEMOCAP speaker-gender.
|
| 430 |
+
|
| 431 |
+
RAVDESS emotion regressed to 0.21.
|
| 432 |
+
|
| 433 |
+
- **v0.3-kw-preview**: keyword-tuned revision. SpeechCommands zero-shot 0.929;
|
| 434 |
+
|
| 435 |
+
AudioCaps a2t R@10 0.749.
|
| 436 |
+
|
| 437 |
+
- **v0.2-preview**: AudioCaps 2.0 fine-tune. a2t R@10 0.743.
|
| 438 |
+
|
| 439 |
+
- **v0.1-preview**: first modality-gated-adapter release.
|
| 440 |
+
|
| 441 |
+
|
| 442 |
+
|
| 443 |
+
## Deploy on RunPod
|
| 444 |
+
|
| 445 |
+
|
| 446 |
+
|
| 447 |
+
[](https://www.runpod.io/console/hub/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding)
|
| 448 |
+
|
| 449 |
+
|
| 450 |
+
|
| 451 |
+
One-click deploy the endpoint from the
|
| 452 |
+
|
| 453 |
+
[RunPod Hub](https://www.runpod.io/console/hub/Eximius-Labs/fusion-embedding) (serverless,
|
| 454 |
+
|
| 455 |
+
scales to zero when idle). Once it is running, call it:
|
| 456 |
+
|
| 457 |
+
|
| 458 |
+
|
| 459 |
+
```bash
|
| 460 |
+
|
| 461 |
+
curl -s https://api.runpod.ai/v2/<ENDPOINT_ID>/runsync -H "Authorization: Bearer $RUNPOD_API_KEY" -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"input": {"text": "a dog on a beach"}}'
|
| 462 |
+
|
| 463 |
+
```
|
| 464 |
+
|
| 465 |
+
|
| 466 |
+
|
| 467 |
+
The endpoint embeds all four modalities. Swap `text` for `image`, `video`, or `audio`
|
| 468 |
+
|
| 469 |
+
(the value is an https URL, a data URI, or base64). Audio needs the audio tower, so set
|
| 470 |
+
|
| 471 |
+
`FE2_ENABLE_AUDIO=1` on the endpoint and use a 24 GB or larger GPU. Returns 1024-d
|
| 472 |
+
|
| 473 |
+
embeddings; add `"dim": 512` to truncate.
|
| 474 |
+
|
| 475 |
+
|
| 476 |
+
|
| 477 |
+
## License
|
| 478 |
+
|
| 479 |
+
|
| 480 |
+
|
| 481 |
+
Weights (all revisions): **CC-BY-NC-4.0** (research preview). The code is Apache-2.0.
|
| 482 |
+
|
| 483 |
+
The frozen base and audio tower retain their original licenses.
|
| 484 |
+
|
| 485 |
+
|
| 486 |
+
|
| 487 |
+
## Citation
|
| 488 |
+
|
| 489 |
+
|
| 490 |
+
|
| 491 |
+
Model:
|
| 492 |
+
|
| 493 |
+
|
| 494 |
+
|
| 495 |
+
```bibtex
|
| 496 |
+
|
| 497 |
+
@software{fusion_embedding_2_2026,
|
| 498 |
+
|
| 499 |
+
title = {Fusion Embedding 2: Modality-Gated Deep Adapters for a
|
| 500 |
+
|
| 501 |
+
Unified Text, Image, Video, and Audio Embedding Space},
|
| 502 |
+
|
| 503 |
+
author = {Tonmoy, Abdul Basit},
|
| 504 |
+
|
| 505 |
+
year = {2026},
|
| 506 |
+
|
| 507 |
+
url = {https://huggingface.co/EximiusLabs/fusion-embedding-2-2b-preview}
|
| 508 |
+
|
| 509 |
+
}
|
| 510 |
+
|
| 511 |
+
```
|
| 512 |
+
|
| 513 |
+
|
| 514 |
+
|
| 515 |
+
Technical report:
|
| 516 |
+
|
| 517 |
+
|
| 518 |
+
|
| 519 |
+
```bibtex
|
| 520 |
+
|
| 521 |
+
@article{tonmoy2026fusion,
|
| 522 |
+
|
| 523 |
+
title = {Fusion Embedding: A Unified Embedding Space for Text, Image,
|
| 524 |
+
|
| 525 |
+
Video, and Audio},
|
| 526 |
+
|
| 527 |
+
author = {Tonmoy, Abdul Basit and Hoque, Kazi Fardinul and
|
| 528 |
+
|
| 529 |
+
Arham, Md. Shahrier Islam and Luthra, Arman},
|
| 530 |
+
|
| 531 |
+
journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.18666},
|
| 532 |
+
|
| 533 |
+
year = {2026}
|
| 534 |
+
|
| 535 |
+
}
|
| 536 |
+
|
| 537 |
+
```
|
| 538 |
+
|