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Document v3 architecture and evaluation

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+ evaluation/v3/mert-alignment.png filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text
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README.md ADDED
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+ ---
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+ library_name: pytorch
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+ datasets:
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+ - bghira/minimax-music3-rvq-reverse-distillation
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+ tags:
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+ - audio
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+ - music
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+ - rvq
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+ - reverse-distillation
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+ - minimax-music-3
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+ - mup
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+ - mert
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+ ---
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+
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+ # Open RVQ Encoder for MiniMax Music 3, 155M, v3
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+
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+ ## Status
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+
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+ - Training complete: 17,660 optimizer steps.
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+ - Recommended checkpoint: `final`.
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+ - Not an official MiniMax model.
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+ - Not the original MiniMax Music 3 RVQ encoder.
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+ - No original encoder weights or source code were used.
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+ - V3 was initialized from scratch. No v1 or v2 weights were loaded.
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+ - Real-audio generalization is not established.
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+ - MERT was used only as a frozen training teacher. MERT weights are not included.
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+ - A packaged `from_pretrained` loader is not present yet.
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+
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+ ## Result
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+
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+ V3 adds MERT representation alignment to the v2 architecture.
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+
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+ At the matched step 17,500, relative to v2:
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+
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+ - loss: 5.264569 -> 5.260236;
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+ - semantic top-1: 42.86% -> 43.03%;
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+ - semantic top-5: 80.17% -> 80.48%;
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+ - acoustic top-1: 7.62% -> 7.65%;
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+ - acoustic top-5: 21.98% -> 22.02%.
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+
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+ The MERT objective converged. Holdout MERT cosine similarity reached 0.762. RVQ accuracy changed only slightly. MERT alignment is not the main missing component for this architecture and corpus.
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+
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+ ## Objective
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+
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+ Approximate the missing audio-to-RVQ path used by MiniMax Music 3.
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+
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+ ```text
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+ 44.1 kHz waveform
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+ -> frozen DAV / Flow-VAE encoder
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+ -> 128-channel DAV latents
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+ -> this encoder
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+ -> 8 RVQ distributions per 25 Hz frame
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+ -> 1 semantic code + 7 acoustic codes
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+ ```
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+
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+ | Head | Role | Vocabulary |
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+ |---:|---|---:|
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+ | 0 | semantic | 16,384 |
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+ | 1-7 | acoustic | 1,024 each |
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+
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+ Argmax gives a discrete code stream. The downstream path replays those codes through the MiniMax Music 3 LM, condition encoder, diffusion transformer, and DAV decoder.
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+
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+ ## Architecture
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+
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+ Exported encoder parameters: **154,736,064**.
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+
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+ Training-only MERT projection parameters: **835,584**.
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+
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+ Total trainable parameters during v3 training: **155,571,648**.
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+
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+ | Component | Configuration | Parameters |
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+ |---|---|---:|
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+ | DAV latent input stem | Conv1d, 128 -> 1,088, kernel 7 | 975,936 |
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+ | Local residual stack | 3 blocks, dilations 1/3/9, GroupNorm, kernel-3 and kernel-1 convolutions | 14,217,984 |
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+ | Position embedding | learned, 128 x 1,088 | 139,264 |
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+ | Transformer | 8 pre-norm layers, width 1,088, 17 heads, FFN 4,352, GELU, dropout 0.1 | 113,752,576 |
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+ | Final normalization | LayerNorm(1,088) | 2,176 |
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+ | RVQ readouts | 8 independent `mup.MuReadout` heads | 25,648,128 |
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+ | MERT projection | training-only `mup.MuReadout`, 1,088 -> 768, no bias | 835,584 |
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+
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+ Processing:
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+
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+ 1. Apply the convolutional stem and residual stack at DAV latent rate.
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+ 2. Average-pool exact DAV spans into 25 Hz frames.
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+ 3. Add learned positions.
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+ 4. Apply eight bidirectional Transformer encoder layers.
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+ 5. Apply final LayerNorm.
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+ 6. Produce eight independent RVQ distributions.
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+
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+ Context: 128 frames, or 5.12 seconds. There is no cross-window state.
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+
92
+ The per-sample pool matrix preserves stitched-chunk alignment. It is not a fixed-ratio resampler.
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+
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+ ## Architecture Selection
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+
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+ | Version | Exported parameters | Change |
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+ |---|---:|---|
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+ | v1 | 40,978,944 | 512-wide baseline |
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+ | v2 | 154,736,064 | width increased to 1,088 |
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+ | v3 | 154,736,064 | v2 encoder plus training-only MERT alignment |
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+
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+ V3 keeps the v2 encoder unchanged. This isolates the MERT auxiliary objective.
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+
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+ The encoder still predicts the seven acoustic books independently. Head `k` does not receive selected codes from heads `< k`. The per-head results show a strong accuracy decline with codebook depth. V4 addresses that separately with a causal depth decoder.
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+
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+ ## Initialization and muTransfer
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+
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+ Package: [`microsoft/mup`](https://github.com/microsoft/mup).
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+
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+ Encoder shape family:
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+
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+ | Model | Width | Heads | Head dimension |
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+ |---|---:|---:|---:|
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+ | base | 128 | 2 | 64 |
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+ | delta | 256 | 4 | 64 |
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+ | target | 1,088 | 17 | 64 |
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+
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+ Initialization order:
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+
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+ 1. Construct target, base, and delta training wrappers.
121
+ 2. Attach wrapper-level base shapes with `mup.set_base_shapes`.
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+ 3. Construct `mup.MuAdamW` after infshapes are attached.
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+ 4. Save wrapper and exported-encoder base-shape files.
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+
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+ The wrapper-level shape family includes the MERT projection. Encoder-only v1/v2 base-shape files are incompatible with the v3 training wrapper.
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+
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+ RVQ readouts:
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+
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+ - `mup.MuReadout`;
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+ - output multiplier 1.0;
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+ - zero initialized;
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+ - initial output distributions uniform within each vocabulary.
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+
134
+ MERT projection:
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+
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+ - `mup.MuReadout`, 1,088 -> 768;
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+ - no bias;
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+ - nonzero initialization required for cosine loss;
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+ - removed from exported encoder checkpoints.
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+
141
+ Attention score scale is `8 / head_dim`. At head dimension 64 this equals standard `1/sqrt(64)` scaling.
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+
143
+ Seed: 42, device-specific under DDP.
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+
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+ ## Data
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+
147
+ Dataset: [`bghira/minimax-music3-rvq-reverse-distillation`](https://huggingface.co/datasets/bghira/minimax-music3-rvq-reverse-distillation).
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+
149
+ Run snapshot:
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+
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+ - 2,972 one-track ZIP shards;
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+ - 2,837 training records;
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+ - 135 holdout records before exact-alignment filtering;
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+ - approximately 178 GB;
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+ - synthetic tracks generated by MiniMax Music 3;
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+ - not MiniMax's original training set.
157
+
158
+ Trainer inputs:
159
+
160
+ - waveform audio;
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+ - sampled RVQ codes;
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+ - teacher top-50 token IDs and logits;
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+ - exact chunk-stitching metadata.
164
+
165
+ Waveforms are re-encoded with [`SimpleTuner/MiniMax-Music-3-Encoder`](https://huggingface.co/SimpleTuner/MiniMax-Music-3-Encoder). DAV latents are cached once. Window reads use `safetensors.safe_open(...).get_slice(...)`.
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+
167
+ Stored flow-VAE latents in the dataset are not consumed.
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+
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+ ## Timeline Alignment
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+
171
+ DAV hop: 512 samples at 44.1 kHz.
172
+
173
+ Frame center:
174
+
175
+ ```text
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+ ((latent_start + latent_end) / 2) * 512 / 44100 seconds
177
+ ```
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+
179
+ Stitched rollout rules:
180
+
181
+ - rollout window: 200 semantic frames;
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+ - rollout hop: 100 semantic frames;
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+ - full stitched hop: 345 DAV latents;
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+ - later chunks begin ownership 25 semantic frames after nominal start;
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+ - code row 0 is warm-up;
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+ - semantic frame `i` uses code row `i + 1`;
187
+ - the final partial chunk uses its own integer latent length;
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+ - records without exact `chunk_stitching` metadata are excluded.
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+
190
+ MERT features are linearly interpolated onto these exact DAV frame centers. A naive 3:1 reshape is not used.
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+
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+ ## MERT Alignment
193
+
194
+ Teacher: [`m-a-p/MERT-v1-95M`](https://huggingface.co/m-a-p/MERT-v1-95M).
195
+
196
+ Pinned revision: `12af15fef9d0ac838c3f475bfbbf26d2060dd4f5`.
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+
198
+ | Setting | Value |
199
+ |---|---:|
200
+ | Teacher layer | 9 |
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+ | Student capture layer | 4, zero-based |
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+ | Teacher hidden size | 768 |
203
+ | Teacher sample rate | 24 kHz |
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+ | Teacher feature rate | 75 Hz |
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+ | Chunk length | 5 seconds |
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+ | Chunk overlap | 1 second |
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+ | Cache dtype | bfloat16 |
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+ | Initial alignment weight | 0.5 |
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+ | Constant phase | 0% through 70% of training |
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+ | Linear decay | 70% through 90% |
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+ | Disabled weight | final 10% |
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+
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+ MERT sidecars are generated before training. Cache metadata records the model, revision, hidden layers, chunk geometry, dtype, emitted frame count, and alignment version `dav512-mert75-center-v1`.
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+
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+ The projection forward remains active after its scheduled weight reaches zero. This preserves DDP parameter participation. The projection is not exported.
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+
217
+ MERT-v1-95M is published under CC-BY-NC-4.0. This repository does not redistribute MERT weights. Users remain responsible for applicable model, dataset, and teacher terms.
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+
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+ ## Loss
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+
221
+ ```text
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+ reported_loss = mean(CE_head_0 ... CE_head_7)
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+ + 0.25 * mean(KL_head_0 ... KL_head_7)
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+
225
+ optimization_loss = reported_loss
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+ + scheduled_MERT_weight * cosine_alignment_loss
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+ ```
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+
229
+ Hard targets:
230
+
231
+ - cross-entropy against sampled RVQ codes;
232
+ - equal weight for all eight heads;
233
+ - padding target `-100`.
234
+
235
+ Soft targets:
236
+
237
+ - teacher top-k 50;
238
+ - temperature 1.0;
239
+ - Hinton `T^2` scaling;
240
+ - teacher renormalized over valid stored IDs;
241
+ - student full-vocabulary log-softmax gathered at teacher IDs;
242
+ - no student top-k renormalization;
243
+ - invalid, EOS, and out-of-vocabulary IDs excluded;
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+ - frames with no valid teacher IDs skipped for KL.
245
+
246
+ MERT target:
247
+
248
+ - cosine distance between projected student layer 4 and frozen MERT layer 9;
249
+ - mean over batch and frames.
250
+
251
+ Reported loss excludes MERT. V1, v2, and v3 loss curves therefore remain directly comparable.
252
+
253
+ ## Training
254
+
255
+ | Setting | Value |
256
+ |---|---:|
257
+ | Hardware | 4 x NVIDIA L40S |
258
+ | Distribution | PyTorch DDP through Accelerate |
259
+ | Precision | bfloat16 mixed precision |
260
+ | Epochs | 20 |
261
+ | Optimizer steps | 17,660 |
262
+ | Batch per rank | 16 |
263
+ | Global batch | 64 |
264
+ | Gradient accumulation | 1 |
265
+ | Optimizer | `mup.MuAdamW` |
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+ | Learning rate | 3e-4 |
267
+ | Weight decay | 0.01 |
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+ | LR schedule | polynomial, power 1.0 |
269
+ | Linear warmup | 500 steps |
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+ | Final learning rate | 1e-7 |
271
+ | Gradient norm limit | 1.0 |
272
+ | Train crop | random 128-frame window |
273
+ | Validation crop | deterministic 128-frame windows |
274
+ | Validation interval | 500 steps |
275
+ | Checkpoint interval | 500 steps |
276
+
277
+ The learning-rate multiplier warms linearly for 500 steps, then decays linearly to the final learning rate. It does not restart or reheat.
278
+
279
+ Training metrics: [Weights & Biases](https://wandb.ai/bghira/simpletuner-rvq-encoder/runs/tap14a1y).
280
+
281
+ ## Checkpoint Format
282
+
283
+ Each exported checkpoint contains:
284
+
285
+ | File | Contents |
286
+ |---|---|
287
+ | `rvq_encoder.safetensors` | exported encoder state dictionary |
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+ | `rvq_encoder_config.json` | architecture and muP configuration |
289
+ | `mup_base_shapes.bsh` | exported-encoder muP base shapes |
290
+
291
+ The training-only MERT projection and MERT teacher are not included.
292
+
293
+ Loading currently requires `RVQEncoderConfig` and `MiniMaxMusicRVQEncoder` from `scripts/train_minimax_music_rvq_encoder.py`.
294
+
295
+ ## Evaluation
296
+
297
+ Protocol:
298
+
299
+ - exact-alignment holdout;
300
+ - 130 tracks;
301
+ - 2,768 deterministic windows;
302
+ - all 35 numbered checkpoints and `final`;
303
+ - four-rank evaluation; no distributed-sampler padding;
304
+ - exact-token top-1 and top-5.
305
+
306
+ Recommended `final` result:
307
+
308
+ | Metric | Value |
309
+ |---|---:|
310
+ | loss | 5.259917 |
311
+ | hard CE | 4.629320 |
312
+ | teacher KL before 0.25 weighting | 2.522392 |
313
+ | semantic top-1 | 43.03% |
314
+ | semantic top-5 | 80.49% |
315
+ | acoustic top-1 | 7.66% |
316
+ | acoustic top-5 | 22.03% |
317
+
318
+ Top-k accuracy measures exact token inclusion. It does not measure perceptual code equivalence.
319
+
320
+ ### Matched Comparison at Step 17,500
321
+
322
+ | Metric | v1, 41M | v2, 155M | v3, 155M + MERT | v3 vs v2 |
323
+ |---|---:|---:|---:|---:|
324
+ | loss | 5.337856 | 5.264569 | **5.260236** | -0.004334 |
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+ | semantic top-1 | 41.03% | 42.86% | **43.03%** | +0.17 pp |
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+ | semantic top-5 | 78.38% | 80.17% | **80.48%** | +0.31 pp |
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+ | acoustic top-1 | 7.17% | 7.62% | **7.65%** | +0.03 pp |
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+ | acoustic top-5 | 20.94% | 21.98% | **22.02%** | +0.04 pp |
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+
330
+ ![V1, v2, and v3 comparison](evaluation/v3/v1-v2-v3-comparison.png)
331
+
332
+ Interpretation:
333
+
334
+ - v2's width increase produced the main gain over v1;
335
+ - v3 learned the MERT alignment target;
336
+ - v3 wins every listed aggregate metric over v2;
337
+ - the v3-v2 differences are small;
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+ - MERT alignment did not remove the acoustic codebook-depth gradient;
339
+ - causal conditioning across acoustic books is the next structural test.
340
+
341
+ Machine-readable comparison: [`comparison-metrics.json`](evaluation/v3/comparison-metrics.json).
342
+
343
+ ## Limitations
344
+
345
+ - 5.12-second context.
346
+ - No cross-window state.
347
+ - Synthetic model-output training domain.
348
+ - Real audio remains out of distribution.
349
+ - Teacher top-k uncertainty is from LM rollout, not an audio-conditioned posterior.
350
+ - Exact-token accuracy understates perceptual equivalence.
351
+ - Semantic CE can dominate early because its vocabulary is larger.
352
+ - Acoustic heads are independent despite residual-codebook dependence.
353
+ - End-to-end condition-embedding replay evaluation is pending.
354
+ - No stable packaged loading API.
355
+ - Use is subject to MiniMax Music 3, dataset, and MERT terms.
356
+
357
+ ## Discussion and Attribution
358
+
359
+ Primary discussion: [MiniMaxAI/MiniMax-Music3 discussion #10](https://huggingface.co/MiniMaxAI/MiniMax-Music3/discussions/10).
360
+
361
+ Attribution covers public discussion, measurements, datasets, and independent experiments. It does not imply shared authorship.
362
+
363
+ - [`bghira`](https://huggingface.co/bghira): SimpleTuner experiments, trace extraction, teacher distributions, alignment records, corpus publication, and training runs.
364
+ - [`marduk191`](https://huggingface.co/marduk191): WAV/code samples, early mel encoder proof, corpus-scale observations, and encoder experiments.
365
+ - [`scragnog`](https://huggingface.co/scragnog): SimpleTuner calibration, relative-weight analysis, caption-cache and rollout-seam findings, and GGML interoperability tests.
366
+ - [`Serveurperso`](https://huggingface.co/Serveurperso): independent encoder, corpus generator, replay evaluation, and stitched-timeline findings.
367
+ - [`dernet`](https://huggingface.co/dernet): RVQ supervision, internal-alignment, and tokenizer reverse-engineering analysis.
368
+
369
+ Additional artifacts:
370
+
371
+ - [`SimpleTuner/open-rvq-encoder-minimax-music3-41m-v1`](https://huggingface.co/SimpleTuner/open-rvq-encoder-minimax-music3-41m-v1)
372
+ - [`SimpleTuner/open-rvq-encoder-minimax-music3-155m-v2`](https://huggingface.co/SimpleTuner/open-rvq-encoder-minimax-music3-155m-v2)
373
+ - [`marduk191/Minmax_music3_experiments`](https://huggingface.co/marduk191/Minmax_music3_experiments/tree/main/corpus)
374
+ - [`ServeurpersoCom/minimaxmusic.cpp` proof commit](https://github.com/ServeurpersoCom/minimaxmusic.cpp/commit/d19efe9f94e41ac4c900aa30d56fe90c8dac7ef1)
375
+
376
+ <!-- simpletuner-rvq-evaluation-start -->
377
+ ## Offline Checkpoint Evaluation
378
+
379
+ Exact-alignment holdout: 130 tracks, 2,768 windows.
380
+
381
+ | Selection | Checkpoint | Step | Loss | Semantic top-1 | Semantic top-5 | Acoustic top-1 | Acoustic top-5 |
382
+ |---|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
383
+ | best semantic top-1 | `checkpoint-17500` | 17,500 | 5.260236 | 0.4303 | 0.8048 | 0.0765 | 0.2202 |
384
+ | lowest loss; best semantic top-5; best acoustic top-1; best acoustic top-5; final | `final` | 17,660 | 5.259917 | 0.4303 | 0.8049 | 0.0766 | 0.2203 |
385
+
386
+ Top-k accuracy measures exact token inclusion. It does not measure perceptual code equivalence.
387
+
388
+ ### Checkpoint Loss
389
+
390
+ ![Checkpoint Loss](evaluation/v3/checkpoint-loss.png)
391
+
392
+ ### Checkpoint Accuracy
393
+
394
+ ![Checkpoint Accuracy](evaluation/v3/checkpoint-accuracy.png)
395
+
396
+ ### Codebook Top1
397
+
398
+ ![Codebook Top1](evaluation/v3/codebook-top1.png)
399
+
400
+ ### Training History
401
+
402
+ ![Training History](evaluation/v3/training-history.png)
403
+
404
+ ### MERT Alignment
405
+
406
+ ![MERT Alignment](evaluation/v3/mert-alignment.png)
407
+
408
+ Full data: [`checkpoint-metrics.csv`](evaluation/v3/checkpoint-metrics.csv), [`evaluation-metrics.json`](evaluation/v3/evaluation-metrics.json), [`comparison-metrics.json`](evaluation/v3/comparison-metrics.json).
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+ <!-- simpletuner-rvq-evaluation-end -->
evaluation/v3/checkpoint-accuracy.png ADDED

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evaluation/v3/checkpoint-loss.png ADDED
evaluation/v3/checkpoint-metrics.csv ADDED
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3
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4
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5
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6
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7
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8
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9
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10
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11
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12
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13
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14
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15
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16
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17
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18
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19
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20
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21
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22
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23
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24
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25
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26
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27
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28
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29
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30
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31
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32
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33
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34
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35
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