--- language: - ar - en license: mit task_categories: - question-answering - text-generation - text-retrieval - fill-mask pretty_name: Athar Islamic QA Datasets tags: - islamic-studies - quran - hadith - fiqh - arabic - rag - multi-agent - citation-grounded dataset_info: features: - name: content dtype: string - name: content_type dtype: string - name: book_id dtype: int64 - name: book_title dtype: string - name: category dtype: string - name: author dtype: string - name: author_death dtype: int64 - name: collection dtype: string - name: page_number dtype: int64 - name: section_title dtype: string - name: hierarchy sequence: string - name: title dtype: string - name: chapter dtype: string - name: section dtype: string - name: page dtype: int64 splits: - name: train num_examples: 18701966 download_size: 40000000000 dataset_size: 40000000000 --- # πŸ•Œ Athar Islamic QA Datasets > **18.7M passages from classical Islamic books spanning 1,400 years of scholarship** A comprehensive collection of Islamic texts covering Quran, Hadith, Fiqh, Tafsir, Aqeedah, Seerah, and more β€” sourced from the Shamela library and enriched with scholarly metadata for RAG-based Islamic QA systems. **Based on the Fanar-Sadiq Architecture** for grounded, citation-backed Islamic question answering. --- ## πŸ“Š Dataset Summary | Metric | Value | |--------|-------| | **Total Passages** | 18,701,966 | | **Total Size** | ~40 GB | | **Collections** | 10 | | **Source** | ElShamela Library (Ψ§Ω„Ω…ΩƒΨͺΨ¨Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ψ΄Ψ§Ω…Ω„Ψ©) | | **Languages** | Arabic (primary), English (metadata) | | **Time Span** | 0-1400 AH (7th-21st century CE) | --- ## πŸ“š Collections | # | Collection | Passages | Size | Description | |---|------------|----------|------|-------------| | 1 | `hadith_passages` | 5,059,547 | 11 GB | Prophetic traditions (Sahih Bukhari, Muslim, etc.) | | 2 | `general_islamic` | 3,410,436 | 6.1 GB | General Islamic knowledge, spirituality, ethics | | 3 | `fiqh_passages` | 2,397,988 | 6.6 GB | Islamic jurisprudence (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali) | | 4 | `islamic_history_passages` | 2,850,288 | 5.6 GB | Islamic history (Prophetic to Ottoman era) | | 5 | `quran_tafsir` | 2,128,606 | 4.9 GB | Quranic exegesis (Tabari, Qurtubi, Ibn Kathir, etc.) | | 6 | `arabic_language_passages` | 1,015,311 | 2.2 GB | Arabic grammar, linguistics, rhetoric | | 7 | `aqeedah_passages` | 738,003 | 1.7 GB | Islamic creed and theology | | 8 | `spirituality_passages` | 438,776 | 1.1 GB | Sufism, tasawwuf, purification of the heart | | 9 | `usul_fiqh` | 368,388 | 874 MB | Principles of Islamic jurisprudence | | 10 | `seerah_passages` | 294,623 | 755 MB | Prophet Muhammad's biography | --- ## πŸ“‹ Schema Each passage contains the following fields: | Field | Type | Description | |-------|------|-------------| | `content` | string | Main passage text (Arabic) | | `content_type` | string | Type of content | | `book_id` | int64 | Unique book identifier | | `book_title` | string | Title of the source book | | `category` | string | Category (e.g., "Ψ§Ω„ΨΉΩ‚ΩŠΨ―Ψ©", "الفقه") | | `author` | string | Author name | | `author_death` | int64 | Author's death year (Hijri) | | `collection` | string | Collection name | | `page_number` | int64 | Page number in source | | `section_title` | string | Section heading | | `hierarchy` | list | Hierarchical path [book, chapter, section] | | `title` | string | Passage title | | `chapter` | string | Chapter name | | `section` | string | Section name | | `page` | int64 | Page number | ### Example Entry ```json { "content": "Ψ§Ω„Ψ­Ω…Ψ― Ω„Ω„Ω‡ Ω†Ψ­Ω…Ψ―Ω‡ ΩˆΩ†Ψ³ΨͺΨΉΩŠΩ†Ω‡ ΩˆΩ†Ψ³ΨͺΨΊΩΨ±Ω‡ΨŒ ΩˆΩ†ΨΉΩˆΨ° Ψ¨Ψ§Ω„Ω„Ω‡ Ω…Ω† شرور أنفسنا...", "book_id": 1234, "book_title": "Ψ§Ω„ΩΩˆΨ§Ψ¦Ψ― Ψ§Ω„ΨΉΨ°Ψ§Ψ¨ في Ψ§Ω„Ψ±Ψ― ΨΉΩ„Ω‰ Ω…Ω† Ω„Ω… ΩŠΨ­ΩƒΩ… Ψ§Ω„Ψ³Ω†Ψ© ΩˆΨ§Ω„ΩƒΨͺΨ§Ψ¨", "category": "Ψ§Ω„ΨΉΩ‚ΩŠΨ―Ψ©", "author": "Ψ­Ω…Ψ― Ψ¨Ω† Ω†Ψ§Ψ΅Ψ± Ψ’Ω„ Ω…ΨΉΩ…Ψ±", "author_death": 1225, "collection": "aqeedah_passages", "page_number": 1, "section_title": "Ω…Ω‚Ψ―Ω…Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ω…Ψ­Ω‚Ω‚", "hierarchy": ["Ψ§Ω„ΩΩˆΨ§Ψ¦Ψ― Ψ§Ω„ΨΉΨ°Ψ§Ψ¨", "Ω…Ω‚Ψ―Ω…Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ω…Ψ­Ω‚Ω‚"], "title": "Ω…Ω‚Ψ―Ω…Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ω…Ψ­Ω‚Ω‚", "chapter": null, "section": null, "page": 1 } ``` --- ## πŸ“Š Collection Breakdown ### Passages Distribution ``` hadith_passages β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆ 5,059,547 (27%) general_islamic β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆ 3,410,436 (18%) fiqh_passages β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆ 2,397,988 (13%) islamic_history_passages β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆ 2,850,288 (15%) quran_tafsir β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆ 2,128,606 (11%) arabic_language_passages β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆ 1,015,311 (5%) aqeedah_passages β–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆβ–ˆ 738,003 (4%) spirituality_passages β–ˆβ–ˆ 438,776 (2%) usul_fiqh β–ˆ 368,388 (2%) seerah_passages β–ˆ 294,623 (2%) ``` --- ## πŸ”§ How to Load ### Using HuggingFace Datasets ```python from datasets import load_dataset # Load full dataset ds = load_dataset("Kandil7/Athar-Datasets") # Access specific collection for row in ds['train']: if row['collection'] == 'fiqh_passages': print(row['content'][:200]) break # Filter by collection hadith_ds = ds['train'].filter(lambda x: x['collection'] == 'hadith_passages') ``` ### Streaming Mode (Memory Efficient) ```python from datasets import load_dataset # Stream without downloading ds = load_dataset("Kandil7/Athar-Datasets", split="train", streaming=True) for i, passage in enumerate(ds): if i >= 5: break print(f"{passage['collection']}: {passage['title']}") ``` ### Direct JSONL Access ```python import json # Load specific collection with open('hadith_passages.jsonl', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: passages = [json.loads(line) for line in f] print(f"Loaded {len(passages):,} hadith passages") ``` --- ## πŸ’‘ Usage Examples ### Example 1: Semantic Search with RAG ```python from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer import numpy as np import json # Load embedding model model = SentenceTransformer('BAAI/bge-m3') # Load a sample collection with open('fiqh_passages.jsonl', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: passages = [json.loads(line) for line in f][:1000] # Create embeddings texts = [p['content'] for p in passages] embeddings = model.encode(texts) # Search query = "Ω…Ψ§ Ψ­ΩƒΩ… Ψ΅Ω„Ψ§Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ψ¬Ω…Ψ§ΨΉΨ©ΨŸ" query_embedding = model.encode([query])[0] # Find most similar scores = np.dot(embeddings, query_embedding) top_idx = np.argsort(scores)[-5:][::-1] for idx in top_idx: print(f"Score: {scores[idx]:.3f}") print(passages[idx]['content'][:200]) print("---") ``` ### Example 2: Filter by Era ```python # Filter classical era scholars (200-500 AH) classical_passages = [ p for p in passages if 200 <= p.get('author_death', 0) <= 500 ] # Filter by author imam_bukhari = [ p for p in hadith_passages if 'Bukhari' in p.get('author', '') ] ``` ### Example 3: Citation-Enhanced QA with Athar ```python # Use the Athar system for grounded answers # See: https://github.com/Kandil7/Athar from Athar import FiqhAgent agent = FiqhAgent() result = await agent.execute( query="Ω…Ψ§ Ψ­ΩƒΩ… Ψ΅Ω„Ψ§Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ψ¬Ω…Ψ§ΨΉΨ©ΨŸ", filters={"era": "classical"} ) # Result includes citations for citation in result.citations: print(citation.source) print(citation.text) ``` --- ## πŸ“– Source: ElShamela Library (Ψ§Ω„Ω…ΩƒΨͺΨ¨Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ψ΄Ψ§Ω…Ω„Ψ©) This dataset is derived from **ElShamela Library** (Ψ§Ω„Ω…ΩƒΨͺΨ¨Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ψ΄Ψ§Ω…Ω„Ψ©) β€” the largest comprehensive digital library of Islamic texts. ### About ElShamela **ElShamela** (Ψ§Ω„Ω…ΩƒΨͺΨ¨Ψ© Ψ§Ω„Ψ΄Ψ§Ω…Ω„Ψ©) is a free, open-access digital library that has been digitizing and preserving classical Islamic texts for over two decades. **Website:** https://shamela.ws/ ### Processing Pipeline 1. **Extracted** books from ElShamela Library format 2. **Converted** from proprietary Shamela format to plain text 3. **Split** into pages and passages for granular retrieval 4. **Enriched** with metadata: - Author names and death years (Hijri) - Book titles and categories - Chapter and section headings - Page numbers 5. **Organized** into 10 scholarly collections --- ## πŸ—οΈ Scholarly Eras | Era | Range (AH) | Range (CE) | Description | |-----|-----------|-----------|-------------| | **Prophetic** | 0-100 | 622-718 | Companions of Prophet ο·Ί | | **Tabi'un** | 100-200 | 718-815 | Successors | | **Classical** | 200-500 | 815-1106 | Golden age of Islamic scholarship | | **Medieval** | 500-900 | 1106-1496 | Post-classical period | | **Ottoman** | 900-1300 | 1496-1883 | Ottoman era | | **Modern** | 1300+ | 1883+ | Modern period | --- ## 🀝 Related Projects - **[Athar](https://github.com/Kandil7/Athar)** β€” Production-ready Islamic QA system using this dataset - **[Fanar-Sadiq Architecture](docs/Fanar-Sadiq%20A%20Multi-Agent%20Architecture%20for%20Grounded%20Islamic%20QA.pdf)** β€” Research paper --- ## πŸ“ Citation ```bibtex @misc{athar-datasets-2026, title={Athar Islamic QA Datasets}, author={Kandil, Ahmed}, year={2026}, url={https://huggingface.co/datasets/Kandil7/Athar-Datasets}, note={18.7M passages from 10 Islamic collections} } ``` --- ## ⚠️ Usage Notes 1. **Scholarly Context:** These texts represent classical Islamic scholarship. Always consult qualified scholars for religious rulings. 2. **Hadith Authenticity:** Hadith passages include chains of narration (esnad). Use authenticity grading to evaluate reliability. 3. **Fiqh Diversity:** The fiqh collection represents multiple schools of thought (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali). 4. **Language:** Primary content is in Classical Arabic. Metadata includes English translations. 5. **Licensing:** MIT License β€” free for research and commercial use. --- ## πŸ“ File Structure ``` Athar-Datasets/ β”œβ”€β”€ hadith_passages.jsonl # 5,059,547 passages (11 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ general_islamic.jsonl # 3,410,436 passages (6.1 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ fiqh_passages.jsonl # 2,397,988 passages (6.6 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ islamic_history_passages.jsonl # 2,850,288 passages (5.6 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ quran_tafsir.jsonl # 2,128,606 passages (4.9 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ arabic_language_passages.jsonl # 1,015,311 passages (2.2 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ aqeedah_passages.jsonl # 738,003 passages (1.7 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ spirituality_passages.jsonl # 438,776 passages (1.1 GB) β”œβ”€β”€ usul_fiqh.jsonl # 368,388 passages (874 MB) └── seerah_passages.jsonl # 294,623 passages (755 MB) ``` --- ## πŸ“ž Contact & Support - **GitHub:** https://github.com/Kandil7/Athar - **HuggingFace:** https://huggingface.co/Kandil7 ---
**Built with ❀️ for the Muslim community** πŸ•Œ Athar Islamic QA β€’ 18.7M passages β€’ 10 collections β€’ 1,400 years of scholarship