README.md

---
license: cc-by-4.0
language:
  - pl
task_categories:
  - question-answering
tags:
  - legal
  - temporal-reasoning
  - polish-law
  - benchmark
pretty_name: PL-Temporal Track A
size_categories:
  - n<1K
---

# PL-Temporal — Track A (Diagnostic Challenge Set v0.2)

A diagnostic challenge set for closed-book temporal QA over Polish statutes: which
version of the law was in force on a given date, when did an act enter into force,
which Dziennik Ustaw position is the current consolidated text. 80 questions across 64 acts (79 scored,
1 quarantined after human legal review), 4 question families, deterministic
string-nugget scoring — no LLM-as-judge.

Canonical repository (scoring scripts, results, review protocol):
https://github.com/bartoszkobylinski/pl-temporal

## Files

| file | content |
|---|---|
| `questions.json` | 80 questions + gold answers + ELI act identifiers + a `_CANARY_` record |
| `nuggets.json` | scoring nuggets (exact / regex), one implementation of matching in the repo |
| `quarantine.json` | items excluded from scoring, with evidence |

## Question families

| family | n | what it tests |
|---|---:|---|
| A1 | 24 | commencement date of an act, derived from its commencement clause |
| A2 | 8 | which Dz.U. position is the consolidated text in force on a date |
| A3 | 24 | whether an act was in force on a given date (TAK/NIE) |
| A4 | 24 | whether an act was amended in a given period (TAK/NIE) |

## v0.2 results (2026-08-14, 79 scored items; mean over valid draws)

Three metrics — no single leader without a utility function. Coverage: how often
the model answers. Selective accuracy: how often it is right when it answers.
End-to-end: usefulness when every question needs an answer.

| model | N valid | coverage | selective acc | end-to-end | abstained/draw |
|---|---:|---:|---:|---:|---:|
| gpt-5.6-sol | 5 | **100%** | 69.9% | **69.9%** | **0** |
| claude-opus-5 | 5 | 85.1% | **74.2%** | 63.0% | 11.6 |
| gpt-5.6-terra | 5 | 100% | 57.2% | 57.2% | **0** |
| gemini-3.1-pro | 3 | 82.3% | 64.6% | 53.2% | 14.0 |
| gemini-3.5-flash | 2 | 93.7% | 56.8% | 53.2% | 5.0 |
| pllum-12b | 5 | 100% | 44.3% | 44.3% | **0** |
| bielik-11b-v3 | 5 | 100% | 43.0% | 43.0% | **0** |

Majority baselines for the binary families: A3 = 65.2%, A4 = 50.0%. v0.2 is frozen
as a diagnostic challenge set (no-signal pruning used v0.1 model results); a frozen
v1.0 with a pre-registered selection procedure is planned. Full findings,
limitations and incident log: RESULTS-v0.2.md in the canonical repo.

Gold answers for every analyzer-flagged item were verified by the dataset owner
against ISAP commencement clauses (2026-08-14): zero gold edits, one ambiguous item
quarantined; an independent second annotation pass is planned for v1.0. Notable finding: zero-abstention is a property of vendor training
decisions, not of model size — both GPT-5.6 models abstained 0/400, matching the
Polish models, while legacy gpt-5 was the heaviest abstainer in the roster.

## Contamination canary

`questions.json` contains a `_CANARY_` record with a unique GUID that is not a
question and must never be sent to models during evaluation. If a model can reproduce
this GUID, this dataset was in its training data — please report such a finding. Note
the asymmetry: reproducing the GUID is positive evidence of contamination, but failing
to reproduce it does not prove the absence of contamination.

## Data provenance and legal basis

Source of legal texts and metadata: Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych (ISAP),
Kancelaria Sejmu RP — https://isap.sejm.gov.pl — and the Sejm ELI API —
https://api.sejm.gov.pl / https://eli.gov.pl. Retrieved: 2026-08-12/13. The texts
have been processed (fragment extraction, paraphrase, derived dates); they are
informational only and are not a source of law. Authentic texts are solely those
promulgated in Dziennik Ustaw / Monitor Polski. This dataset is not legal advice.

Statute texts are excluded from copyright under art. 4 of the Polish Copyright Act
and are in the public domain; the CC BY 4.0 license applies to the compilation,
questions, nuggets, and metadata. Attribution required — cite this dataset and state
the ISAP/ELI source. Provided as-is, no warranties (CC BY 4.0 Section 5).

## Citation

```
Kobylinski, B. (2026). PL-Temporal: a benchmark of temporal legal reasoning over
Polish statutes (v0.2). https://github.com/bartoszkobylinski/pl-temporal
```