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README.md

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+---
+language:
+- en
+license: cc-by-nc-4.0
+task_categories:
+- image-to-text
+- image-classification
+pretty_name: 'London''s Pulse: MOH Reports (page images + OCR text)'
+tags:
+- archives
+- glam
+- historical
+- iiif
+- lam
+- libraries
+- medical-officer-of-health
+- ocr
+- public-health
+- table-extraction
+- tables
+- wellcome-collection
+dataset_info:
+  config_name: tables
+  features:
+  - name: image
+    dtype: image
+  - name: page_type
+    dtype: string
+  - name: table_ground_truth
+    dtype: string
+  - name: n_tables_on_page
+    dtype: int32
+  - name: b_number
+    dtype: string
+  - name: page_index
+    dtype: int32
+  - name: printed_page
+    dtype: int32
+  - name: source_collection
+    dtype: string
+  - name: label_source
+    dtype: string
+  - name: split
+    dtype: string
+  - name: signals
+    dtype: string
+  splits:
+  - name: train
+    num_bytes: 404220670
+    num_examples: 2422
+  - name: validation
+    num_bytes: 48929088
+    num_examples: 279
+  - name: test
+    num_bytes: 49166432
+    num_examples: 299
+  download_size: 526217406
+  dataset_size: 502316190
+configs:
+- config_name: default
+  data_files:
+  - split: train
+    path: data/train-*
+- config_name: tables
+  data_files:
+  - split: train
+    path: tables/train-*
+  - split: validation
+    path: tables/validation-*
+  - split: test
+    path: tables/test-*
+---
+# London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports (page images + OCR text)
+
+Page-level scans of the Wellcome Collection [**London's Pulse**](https://wellcomelibrary.org/moh/)
+Medical Officer of Health (MOH) reports (1848–1972), paired with OCR text, per-report
+licence, and full provenance. Built for **OCR / VLM / document-understanding** work on real
+historical public-health records — dense statistical tables, mixed layouts, century-old print.
+
+## Configs
+
+| config | rows | what |
+|---|---|---|
+| `default` | 391,964 pages / 4,886 reports | every **page image** + its report's OCR text + licence |
+| `tables` | 3,000 table pages / 288 reports | pages that **contain a table**, each paired with that page's **extracted-table ground truth** — dual-purpose: page-type/classifier training **and** an OCR/VLM **table-extraction eval set** |
+
+```python
+from datasets import load_dataset
+
+# full corpus (stream — it's ~110 GB)
+ds = load_dataset("biglam/londons-pulse-moh", split="train", streaming=True)
+
+# tables subset (small; image + ground-truth tables)
+tab = load_dataset("biglam/londons-pulse-moh", "tables", split="test")
+```
+
+## `default` config — columns
+
+| column | type | description |
+|---|---|---|
+| `image` | `Image` | the page scan (full native resolution) |
+| `b_number` | `string` | Wellcome report id (join key) |
+| `page_index` | `int32` | 1-based page (scan) number within the report |
+| `n_pages` | `int32` | total pages in the report |
+| `report_text` | `string` | OCR text of the **whole report** (see caveat) |
+| `license` | `string` | normalised image licence (all `cc-by-nc` here) |
+| `table_ground_truth` | `string` | reserved (empty in `default`; populated in the `tables` config) |
+| `signals` | `string` | JSON provenance (`manifest_url`, `image_service_id`, size/format, `license_raw`, multi-volume linkage) |
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> **`report_text` is report-level, not page-aligned** — the source OCR is a flat per-report
+> dump with no reliable page boundaries, so the same full-report text repeats across every
+> page of that report. Group/dedupe by `b_number`.
+
+## `tables` config — columns
+
+One row per **table page**: the page image plus the machine-extracted table(s) Wellcome
+published for that page. Use it two ways — (1) as `table`-labelled training data for
+page-type/layout classifiers (the `table` class is scarce in book-domain sets), and (2) as an
+**OCR/VLM table-extraction benchmark**: feed `image`, score the model's output against
+`table_ground_truth`.
+
+| column | type | description |
+|---|---|---|
+| `image` | `Image` | the page scan |
+| `page_type` | `string` | `"table"` |
+| `table_ground_truth` | `string` | JSON list of `{table_id, csv}` — the extracted table(s) on that page |
+| `n_tables_on_page` | `int32` | number of tables on the page |
+| `b_number`, `page_index`, `printed_page` | | report id, scan index, printed page |
+| `source_collection`, `label_source`, `split`, `signals` | | provenance (`label_source="table-export"`) |
+
+Stratified across all 12 decades; grouped train/val/test split (a report is wholly in one
+split — no page leakage). `table` = a page from which Wellcome extracted ≥1 table (so a page
+may also contain prose); printed→scan alignment via IIIF canvas labels, verified, with
+composite/multi-section reports excluded.
+
+## Provenance & reproducibility
+
+- **Images**: Wellcome [IIIF Presentation v2 API](https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/),
+  keyed on each report's b-number, full native resolution.
+- **Text** (`default`): the bulk `Fulltext.zip` corpus from
+  [wellcomelibrary.org/moh](https://wellcomelibrary.org/moh/), joined on b-number.
+- **Tables** (`tables`): Wellcome's `All_Report_Tables` export (~275k machine-extracted
+  tables); each table's `Page,NNN` line resolves to a scan image via the manifest's numeric
+  canvas labels.
+- `signals` records the exact manifest + image service for every page.
+
+## Licence
+
+Page **images** are **CC-BY-NC 4.0** (per Wellcome's IIIF manifests; per-row `license` +
+`signals.license_raw`). The OCR **text** corpus is CC-BY 4.0; the extracted-tables export is
+CC-BY 4.0. Reports whose image licence was not open were excluded. **Reuse is
+non-commercial**, with attribution to **Wellcome Collection**.
+
+| licence | pages (`default`) |
+|---|---|
+| cc-by-nc | 391,964 |
+
+## Source & attribution
+
+Wellcome Collection, *London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848–1972*.
+Images: `iiif.wellcomecollection.org` · Text/tables: `wellcomelibrary.org/moh`.
+
+## Intended uses
+
+Historical OCR/VLM evaluation, document layout analysis, page-type classification, and
+structured extraction from century-old public-health tables (disease incidence, mortality).
+The `tables` config is the substrate for an image→table extraction benchmark.

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