Effect of DL-alpha-hydrazino-delta-aminovaleric acid, an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, on polyamine metabolism and growth of mouse sarcoma-180. DL-alpha-Hydrazino-delta-aminovaleric acid (DL-HAVA) is a potent and fairly specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17). Its effect on polyamine metabolism and cell proliferation was investigated in sarcoma-180, inoculated into the axillary region of mice. In the tumor tissues, the activities of ornithine and S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylases and the putrescine level were much higher in the early stage of growth than those in normal mouse liver. Administration of DL-HAVA greatly depressed the putrescine level and putrescine formation from L-ornithine. It also suppressed DNA synthesis and increase in weight of the tumor tissue. However, it had little effect on RNA synthesis or the tissue concentration of spermidine and spermine. The inhibition of DNA synthesis and subsequent tumor development by DL-HAVA was effectively prevented by putrescine, but not by cadaverine or 1,7-diaminoheptane. From these results it is concluded that the suppression of DNA synthesis and neoplastic growth by DL-HAVA is due to decrease in the putrescine level by inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase.


In vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immune reactions to auto-chthonous tumor extracts in patients with gastric cancer. Sixty patients with advanced gastric cancer were subjected to the macrophage electrophoretic mobility test and delayed hypersensitivity skin test to tumor and normal tissue (gastric mucosa) extracts. Tumor extract induced significant inhibition of macrophage mobility in 51% and positive skin reaction in 32% of examined cases. Close correlation was observed between macrophage inhibition and diameter of skin reaction to tumor extract. Incidence of positive reaction in both tests to normal tissue extract was 55% and 12%, respectively. Significant inhibition of macrophage to tumor extract was also observed in breast cancer, but not in superficial gastric cancer and healthy persons. Normal tissue extract did not induce significant inhibition of macrophage in gastric ulcer. These results suggest that macrophage electrophoretic mobility test indicates a certain aspect of tumor-associated (but not tumor-specific) immunity in cancer patients. Macrophage inhibition appeared to be related with macroscopic tumor types rather than to clinical stages. Positive skin reaction to tumor extract was observed in Stages II, III, and IV of gastric cancer.


Isolation of soluble immunosuppressive substance(s) from Ehrlich ascites tumor cell nuclei. A potent immunosuppressive principle was isolated in a soluble form from the nuclei of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. DNA-free preparation, obtained from the purified nuclei by homogenizing in 2M NaCl-5M urea solution and removing the dissociated DNA with LaCl3-precipitation, revealed strong activity to suppress the development of helper thymus-derived lymphocyte activity in mice. Moreover, almost all of the immunosuppressive activity originally found in the nuclear residue fraction after extraction with sodium citrate solution was recovered in 0.25 N HCl extract which mainly contains proteins. The nuclear components of tumor cells were also detected in the body fluid of tumor-bearing animals, as examined by the reactivity with a rabbit antiserum specific for some nuclear component of Ehrlich tumor cells. These results suggest that the immunosuppressive principle in the nuclei of Ehrlich tumor cells is a histone-like substance, and liberated into the body fluid from tumor cell nuclei in the tumor-bearing state.


Cancer induction in subcutaneously implanted bronchial autograft of a dog by 3-methylcholanthrene. An experimental cancer induction in subcutaneously autoimplanted bronchial grafts in dogs was studied. After successful bronchial autografting, 3-methylcholanthrene or 3,4-benzo[a]pyrene suspended in sterile saline solution containing 1% carboxymethylcellulose was injected into the lumen. Twenty-eight weeks after this treatment, an invasive squamous cell carcinoma with concomitantly existing atypical squamous metaplasia was found in one dog by histological examination. Squamous cell metaplasia was also observed in two other dogs at 24th experimental week. Cytological examination revealed the findings corresponding to these epithelial changes. Remaining 15 dogs are still living and under observation.


Correlation between phytohemagglutinin skin test and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene in cancer patients.


Antitumor activity of asterriquinone, a metabolic product from Aspergillus terreus.


The correlation of the haemostatic disorder, clinical-biochemical state and treatment in patients with hepatic coma complicated acute viral hepatitis.


Limulus test, parenteral drugs and biological products: an approach. The Authors report the results concerning the control of presence of bacterial endotoxins in parenteral drugs, blood products and immunological materials, by means of Limulus amebocyte lysate test. All the data suggest that Limulus assay is a simple, rapid, specific and sensitive test for endotoxin detection, mostly when it is correctly performed.


Diagnostic aspects of the chronic evolution of the alcoholic liver disease.


Assessment of parameters of physical growth of the newborn in relation to maternal supplementation with iron alone or with some biological additives. Intrauterine growth charts were used for the assessment of physical growth of newborn infants in relation to maternal supplementation. Iron alone or with other additives (Copper, folic acid, ascorbic acid) were given during different trimesters of pregnancy. The study revealed that iron supplementation with or without other additives has an effective role in improving the haematological pattern in the neonates who also achieved better physical growth particularly with early supplementation with iron and ascorbic acid. Therefore, such supplementation is recommended.


State of comma as consequence from a traumatic subdural hygroma. Auer methode. Personal experience.


Diagnosis aids in hepatomegaly. An approach to differential diagnosis.


The prothrombin activation in stored blood.


Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx.

Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx.


Ferrokinetic circadian rhythm in normal subjects.


The effect of erythropoietin on ribonucleic acid synthesis in the rabbit bone marrow.


Pathophysiological classification of anaemias and polycythaemias (polyglobulias).


Thrombocytopoietic serum activity in thrombocytopenia induced by antithrombocytic serum in mice.


Certain aspects of histogenesis of the B (Ashkenazy) cells in the human thyroid gland. Certain differences are found in the localization of the peroxidase in subcellular structures of the neoplastic A- and B-cells of the human thyroid. The differences may result from functional pecularities and developmental diversities of these cells.


Attempts at inhibition of autooxidation of catecholamines in vitro. The authors attempted to inhibit autooxidation of catecholamines in vitro by means of sulphur-containing amino-acids, monosaccharides, and aminobutyric acids. The SH group-containing amino-acids were found to suppress autooxidation of catecholamines passing from a chloroform-methanol solution (2:1) to water or buffer solutions. A similar though less pronounced property was manifested by cysteic acid. Likewise glucose, fructose and galactose blocked the reaction. Among aminobutyric acids only gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibited autooxidation of amines. However, despite positive results obtained, these experiments cannot be utilized in studies on reduction of Nitro-BT, as no reduction of Nitro-BT occured in the solutions in which catecholamine autooxidation was brought to a stop.


Two strange health tribes: the Gnisrun and Enicidem in the United States.


Social processes and psychiatric symptom pattern change: Wallace revisited.


On the interaction of sugar phosphates & cations with UDPglucose 4-epimerase from Saccharomyces fragilis.


Studies on human trypsin & chymotrypsins.


Natural plant enzyme inhibitors: Part III-purification of protease inhibitors from Lathyrus sativus seeds.


Acid phosphatase activity in a fresh-water air breathing fish Heteropneustes fossilis & the effect of certain organic pesticides on it.


Use of alpha-chymotrypsin in the hydrolysis of esters of p-nitro, p-nitroso, p-amino dihydrocinnamoyl groups used in oligonucleotide synthesis.


Electronic structure of adenine & possibility of proton tunneling in the A-T base pair of DNA.


Studies on acylation of lysolecithin in chicken intestine.


Positional distribution of fatty acids in phosphatidylethanolamine of Vibrio cholerae 569 B (Inaba) at different growth conditions.


Studies on lipopolysaccharide and prostaglandin E1- induced hyperthermia on rabbits: Part I--biochemical changes in liver and muscle.


Pathway for the biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid in greening potatoes.


Dietary protein & metabolism of glycoproteins.


Effect of acetyl salicylic acid & prostaglandins on renal & hepatic gluconeogenesis in male albino rats.


Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides and fructans in Agave vera cruz: Part III-biosynthesis of fructans.


Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides and fructans in Agave vera cruz: Part II--biosynthesis of oligosaccharides.


Effect of acetyl salicylic acid & prostaglandins on the rate of anaerobic glycolysis in liver & kidney of rats.


Comparative studies on the enzymes of different strains of Vibrio cholerae & Vibrio parahaemolyticus.


Effects of drugs on muscle : Part I--Non-narcotic analgesics.


Acetylcholinesterase in the heart of scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes (C. L. Koch.).


Oxygen uptake capacity in relation to respiratory surface area of an air-breathing siluroid fish Saccobranchus (=Heteropneustes) fossilis (Bloch).


Effect of dietary protein & inositol on sperm metabolism & fructose content of male accessory sex organs of rat.


In vitro calculogenesis : an improved experimental model.


Effect of clomid on thyroids, diencephalic ependyma & subependymal cells in ovariectomized pigeon Columba livia (Gmelin).


Mechanism of intestinal absorption of tetracyclines.


Effect of tetramisole upon certain biochemical constituents of Ascaridia galli.


Phenotype of mammalian spermatozoa in relation to genetic content.


Effects of a single injection of alpha-chlorohydrin/cadmium chloride into vas deferens on testicular function of dog.


Histochemical observations on gonadotrophic regulation of cholesterol-positive lipid droplets in ovaries of hypophysectomized rats.


Plasma testosterone levels in intact & hemicastrated rabbits.


Effects of chemical occlusion of vas deferens on the reproductive organs in gerbil Meriones hurrianae Jerdon. Male gerbils were sterilized by giving a single injection of a sclerosing chemicial (5% KMnOH) directly into the vasa. After 3 weeks the gerbils were killed. Testes, accessory sex organs, and thyroid and adrenal glands were removed and  weighed. Halves of testis and epididymides were fixed in Bouin's fluid fo r microscopic study. The remaining halves were frozen and total RNA, protein, sialic acid, seminal vasicular fructose, and testicular lipids were later determined.  Cholesterol estimations were also made. 2 weeks following vas injections animals were tested by exposing them to cycling estrous females. 21 days later the females were examined for possible implantation sites. It was shown that the males had  been sterile. Weights of testicles, accessory sex organs, thyroid and adrenal gland remained normal, except that there was a significant increase in the weight of the ventral prostate. No histological changes were found in the testes. Protein  content of the testes, epididymides, and seminal vesicles did not change. A decrease in RNA was noted.  Sialic acid levels did not alter. Cholesterol and total lipids were normal. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the testes and epididymides had not changed after 3 weeks. Vasicular fructose was normal. Complete occlusion of the vasa resulted.  After 100 days there was no return to fertility. The results appear to be permanent.


Effect of 3-(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)2,2-dimethyl pentanoic acid--an antifertility agent--on in vitro uptake of estradiol 17beta-6, 7(3)-H in rat uterus. The effect of 3-(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2,2-dimethyl-pentanoic acid, a potent nonsteroidal antifertility compound, on the uptake of estradiol-17beta-6, 7-tritiated in vitro in the rat uterus was studied.  The estradiol uptake of estrogen-primed and compound-treated groups were the same.  When estradiol and the compound were present in medium at the same time, estradiol uptake was significantly (p less than .01) increased.  The results indicate that the compound synergizes the effect of estradiol.


Efect of selected metal ions on glutamate dehydrogenase activity in cell-free extracts of goat liver.


Action of haloperidol on mitoses in Allium cepa.


Screening of Indian plants for antifertility activity.


Effect of normal & defective vasectomy on the biochemistry of testis & accessory genital organs of dogs.


Steroid synthesizing cellular sites in the ovaries of Calotes versicolor (Daud.), Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppel) & Chamaeleon calcaratus (Boulenger): histochemical study. A histochemical study of steroid synthesizing cellular sites in the ovaries of Calotes versicolor (Daud.), Hemidactylus flavivirdes (Ruppel) and Chamaeleon calcaratus (Boulenger) is discussed. THe distribution of delta 5-3beta-hydroxysteroid  dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide diaphorase enzyme  activities was studied in ovaries of the 3 species of lizards. All the enzyme activities occurred in 1) patches of cells of theca interna;  2) granulosa cells of large preovulatory, postovulatory, and atretic follicles;  3) interstitial cells of the ovarian stroma;  and in the 4) ooplasm of the growing oocyte, suggesting their steroidogenic capacity. It was observed that following completion of follicular atresia, the phagocytic granulosa cells degenerate and the remaining cells of theca interna  contribute to the formation of interstitial gland cells.


Oxidation of ephedrine in rat brain.

Oxidation of ephedrine in rat brain.


Association of a pool of free amino acids with cardiac myofibrils.


Presence of functional renal thyroid in the teleost Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham).


Cardiovascular effects & mode of action of 1,2 dihydroxyphenyl (4-pyridinium bromide).


Effect of high altitude stress on lung compliance in rats.


Effect of exogenous testosterone propionate & progesterone on testicular ascorbic acid & cholesterol in relation to spermatogenesis. The effect of exogenous testosterone propionate (TP) and progesterone on testicular ascorbic acid and cholesterol in relation to spermatogenesis was investigated in rat, mouse, guinea pig, pigeon, and toad.  TP and progesterone were injected at a dose of 4 mg/100 gm body weight.  The results revealed a significant increase (p less than .001 or p less than .05) in testicular ascorbic acid and cholesterol levels after treatment in all species of animals except the toad where the cholesterol level decreased after  progesterone treatment.  Histologically, these hormones inhibited spermatogenesis in all species studied.


Hyperthermia & acetylcholine content of dog heart.


Effect of different levels of nutrition on heat & methane production in non-lactating zebu cows.


A-7, a new tetraene antifungal antibiotic.


Intestinal absorption of different penicillins.


Accidents and poisoning in children with reference to data from India and Canada.


Antifungal flavonoid from Alpinia officinarum Hance.


Testosterone & lipid metabolism in rabbits. Testosterone and lipid metabolism was studied in rabbits.  The effect of orchidectomy in rabbits fed normal diets and of testosterone propionate administration to these animals on total cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides of serum, liver, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta as  well as the activity of lipoprotein lipase in the aortic segments and heart was investigated. With a few exceptions, total cholesterol,phospholipids, and triglycerides increased in these tissues in orchidectomized animals and testosterone  counteracted this increase. 3 segments of the aorta revealed variations in response to lipids in the orchidectomized animals as well as in the testosterone administered. Lipoprotein lipase activity decreased in the heart and the 3 aortic  segments on orchidectomy, and testosterone administration caused increased enzyme activity.


An analysis of 42 cases of intussusception.


Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione and heinz bodies in congenital haemolytic anaemia.


Anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia.

Anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia.


Malposition of the midbrain and hindbrain without any clinical manifestations.


Assessment of rheumatic activity by laboratory methods.


Birth injuries in the newborn.

Birth injuries in the newborn.


Bronchiectasis in childhood.

Bronchiectasis in childhood.


Foetal haemoglobin concentration in cord blood in relation to gestational age.


Tetanus in childhood.

Tetanus in childhood.


Infant feeding practices in urban and rural areas in Madhya Pradesh.


Infant feeding and child rearing methods in Pondicherry, South India.


Influence of severity of diarrhoea on carbohydrate intolerance in well nourished infants.


Effect of maternal toxaemia on total haemoglobin, foetal haemoglobin and nucleated red blood cells in cord blood.


Cord blood serum proteins and their fractions as an index of neonatal maturity.


Quick nutritional screening by midarm circumference or a bangle.


Immunization status in a rural community--a study of 360 families.


Placental protein free alpha amino nitrogen and nucleic acids in maternal under nutrition.


Anthropometric profile of the pre-school children of Punjab.


Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung--case report.


Clinico--pathological conference.

Clinico--pathological conference.


Mesenteric lymphatic cyst.

Mesenteric lymphatic cyst.


Ganser's syndrome: a rare psychiatric disorder.


Some aspects of family planning in a defined urban population of Jammu (Kashmir). A study of the impact of several factors, including family structure, socioeconomic status, and maternal education on the family size and on their acceptance of family planning measures was conducted in the urban community of Jammu (Kashmir)  between March 1975-March 1976.  1840 couples where the wife's age was between 15-44 years were studied for their family size and the frequency with which they accepted family planning methods.  59.3% of the couples had more than 2 living children and 42.3% had 4 or more children.  Only 32.7% of the couples had accepted family planning methods - Nirodh/condom, 13.2%;  tubal ligations, 7.6%;  vasectomy, 6.6%;  IUDs, 1.2%;  oral contraceptives, .2%;  and natural methods (coitus interruptus or rhythm), 3.9%.  The reasons which the couples offered for not using contraceptive methods revealed a lack of influence upon them of the family planning motivation.  A greater acceptance of family planning measures was recorded among the couples where the wife's age was between 26-35 years.  While the proportion of acceptance was similar among Socioeconomic Groups 1 and 2, it was much lower among those belonging to Groups 3 and 4.  Whereas the proportion of acceptors among those who had 1 living child was 17% it was 36%, 45.2%, and 39.6%, respectively, among those who had 2, 3, 4, or more living children.


Detoxification of long-term methadone patients: problems and prospects. Various aspects of the detoxification of rehabilitated methadone patients are considered in the light of experience at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Bronx Psychiatric Center MMTP and the reports of others in the field. Patients studied met certain eligibility requirements which were thought to enhance the probability of successful detoxification. A total of 228 (10.4%) of 2,814 patients were included in the project. Sixty-three patients have completed detoxification. A follow-up on these patients indicates that 22.2% claim abstinence from all drugs and are reporting to the clinic, 47.6% claim abstinence but have not reported to the clinic, 14.3% returned to methadone maintenance, and 15.9% are lost to contact. This and other studies emphasize the importance of adequate counseling during detoxification.


Criminal behavior patterns of female addicts: a comparison of findings in two cities. A great deal of the literature on addiction is devoted to analyses of the relation between drugs of addiction and crime among males. The few studies which have undertaken to describe the relationship between crime and addiction in females have generally concluded that addicted females either become prostitutes or they commit crimes against property. This study of addicted female arrestees in Denver (N = 153) and Philadelphia (N = 227) concluded that the hypothesized either-or pattern of addicted female criminal behavior is overly simplistic. Rather, four criminal behavior patterns of female arrestees are found: (1) prostitutes without a history of serious crimes, (2) females with a history of  serious crimes who are not prostitutes, (3) females who are both prostitutes and commit serious crimes, and (4) females who are not prostitutes and who commit only minor offenses. The utility of the four-pattern typology is borne out by analyses which indicate that these patterns are typical of different groups of female addicts and are not stages in a unitary socialization pattern involving drugs, prostitution, and crime.


Alpha conditioning as an adjunct treatment for drug dependence: part I. The effects of alpha conditioning on the habits of four methadone maintained patients were assessed. All four learned some control over alpha activity in the 5-week, 10-session training period. The most striking results, however, related to the subjects' substitution of self-initiated mental states associated with alpha for previously used drug-seeking or self-medicating methods of coping with everday problem situations. All four subject reported a decrease in illicit drug usage and an increased feeling of self-control. Verification of improvement in adjustment and drug abuse was shown by counseling reports and narcotic screens from the maintenance program.


Progeria with osteoarthritis in a four-year-old girl. A case report.


The use of l-alpha-acetylmethadol in treatment of heroin addiction: an open study.


In vitro cultivation of Schistosoma japonicum.


Characteristics of new admissions to a narcotics treatment program: 1970-1974. Study was made of the demographic and drug-using characteristics of new admissions to a narcotic treatment program over the course of a 4-year period. Samples were drawn of 100 new admissions during the month of April in each year from 1970 to 1974. Results indicate that the treatment program under study came to be working with caseloads increasingly court referred, increasingly nonminority, and less frequently prepared to volunteer for methadone maintenance treatment. New admissions claimed to have delayed entrance into treatment based on the geographic inaccessibility of treatment programs or the fact that they did not consider themselves ready for treatment. Implications for the provision of treatment to heroin users are discussed.


Urban dogs in Houston, Texas--parasitic infection and environmental health impact.


Zoonoses in Cyprus. Past and present including a comment on the public health.


A comparison of buoyant density and polypeptides of Drosophila P, C and A viruses. On the basis of their buoyant densities in CsCl and their capsid polypeptides, three viruses isolated from Drosophila spp. which were originally described as serotypes, are now classified as distinct viruses. The biochemical properties of each virus suggest that it has several key features in common with the mammalian picornaviruses.


Antibiotic residues in human foods derived from animals.


Two and two make five---multifactoriogenesis in mental illness in Ireland.


Dissolution properties of digoxin tablets marketed in the Republic of Ireland.


Studies on the zoonotic cycle of Taenia saginata taeniasis and cysticercosis in the Philippines.


Radical radiotherapy in the management of prostatic carcinoma. A review of current literature.


Neurophysiology---part VI.

Neurophysiology---part VI.


The professional man: education and assessment.


Paraquat poisoning.---Report of a survivor.


Turmoral calcinosis-an obscure disease. A report of four cases.


MacLeod's syndrome.

MacLeod's syndrome.


Leptospirosis and acalculous cholecystitis.


Toward a utility theory foundation for health status index models. The axioms of utility theory are restated in terms of health outcomes, and some additional assumptions, consistent with the assumptions implicit in health status index models, are adduced to develop a consistent theory of the utility of health states. On the basis of the axioms and specific assumptions, techniques for measuring the health utility functions of individuals are described, and it is shown how these axioms and assumptions may be used to determine the utility to the individual of health programs that will affect him in various ways.


Neglected aspects of the quality of life. Health status indexes have focused on physical function such as the activities of daily living, perhaps because the National Health Survey provides data of this sort or because it is the object of rehabilitation programs. In an attempt to elicit values concerning loss of function, 150 health workers were asked to assign weights from zero to 10 for 50 abilities or functions. Serious methodological problems were encountered in finding terms describing functional loss that were simple and meaningful to a wide range of workers. In addition, an open-ended request was made to identify other functions not included in the list. The largest average values were assigned to ability to use one's mental abilities, to see, to think clearly, to love and be loved in return, to make decisions for oneself, to live at home, to walk, to maintain contact with family and friends, and to talk. Some of the functional loss implied in these responses may not be amenable to cure or rehabilitation but may be preventable and thus needs to be included in outcome measures.


Development and application of an index of social function. Brief indexes of social function were constructed in a project to develop a health index questionnaire designed to measure the social, emotional, and physical function of free-living populations. The social function items have been found to be generally applicable, capable of application by lay interviewers, and acceptable to interviewees. Initial evaluations to form composite scores for social function items have demonstrated their validity against concurrent assessments of a health professional. These social function indexes have been successfully applied in two randomized trials of innovative primary care services. The criteria for inclusion of items in the social function index questionnaire, the generation of the instrument, and the evaluation of questionnaire responses for their validity are summarized here.


Making annual indexes of health.

Making annual indexes of health. A discrete-state, continuous-time Markov model of health states and state transition probabilities is outlined as the basis of a health index that would reflect the annual health distribution and expected health changes of a population. The final index is an additive one, summing expected durations of the various health states over the entire population sample. The weights attached to the expected durations are derived from the instantaneous incidence rates, or intensity functions, that define the transition  probabilities. A general procedure for collecting data during overlapping 6-week periods from numerous population subsamples is described.


Health status: patient and physician judgments. Patients at a rehabilitation center in Derbyshire, England, were asked to assess their own functional abilities at admission and again at discharge, using an 82-item questionnaire concerning 12 areas of daily living. Questionnaire responses were correlated with results of physical examinations, assessments by center personnel, and assessments of capacity for specific body movements. The highest correlations were observed in areas that related most directly to physical movements and to dressing and toileting. The results suggest that self-assessment of health status using this questionnaire may provide a viable alternative to judgments made by trained assessors.


Validation of an interval scaling: the sickness impact profile. The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is a measure of sickness-related behavioral dysfunction consisting of 189 items in 14 topic categories. To increase its discrimination, precision, and sensitivity in accounting for variance, the decision was made to scale the instrument. A two-step direct scaling procedure was used in order to avoid the monumental scaling tasks required by indirect procedures that guarantee equal-interval results; but because an equal-interval scale was needed, it was necessary to validate the scale values obtained and investigated the equal-intervval properties of the obtained scale. A three-stage validation process is described, consisting of an initial scaling by a group of 25 health professionals and students in 1973, a second scaling by 108 members of a prepaid group health plan in 1975, and an investigation of the metric properties of the resulting scale values. In addition, the concept of dysfunction underlying the SIP was validated. SIP scores from a field trial were compared with mean ratings of severity of dysfunction represented by the combinations of checked items from which the scores were derived.


Educating patients on spinal cord injury unit for self-medication.


Medication error reports.

Medication error reports.


What are you doing about poor labeling of injectables.


Current status of pharmacy services in large hospitals.


No trade names for cancer chemotherapy agents.


Implementation of a fundamental training program for hospital pharmacy technicians.


The malpractice crisis.

The malpractice crisis.


An innovative approach to methadone distribution in a psychiatric hospital.


A communications method for pharmacists in a decentralized unit dose system.


FMGs: a case of retributive justice.

FMGs: a case of retributive justice.


Drug counselling with the aid of a drug education monograph.


The role of the pharmacist in helping the alcoholic patient during recovery.


A method of documenting drug-related problems to improve pharmacy service.


Overbedding the suburbs.

Overbedding the suburbs.


Psychotherapy of the depressive character.


The psychodynamics of neurotic depression.


Dependency-self-esteem-clinical depression.


An intrapsychic-interpersonal theory of depression.


Economic crisis.

Economic crisis.


Depression: some updated thoughts.

Depression: some updated thoughts.


Psychoanalysis and anthropology: some considerations.


To believe or not to believe.

To believe or not to believe.


Cultural aspects of transference and countertransference revisited.


Simultaneous analysis of child and parent by the same analyst.


On the psychosexual development of the female child.


The humane society.

The humane society.


Presidential address.

Presidential address.


Basic rehabilitation nursing techniques: a cooperative hospital/medical school model for continuing education.


Predicting academic success in allied health curricula.


The health field concept. Its implications for educating health professionals.


Use of a Biographical Data Inventory to identify behavioral correlates of practicing medical technologists: an exploratory study.


Potential patterns: drug administration.


Solving the 1976 health issues today.

Solving the 1976 health issues today.


Acupuncture in the People's Republic of China.


Institutional linkage for training health technicians.


Highlights in the evolution of hospital-based patient education programs.


Health services developments: innovative strategies in the People's Republic of China.


Planning for educating allied health personnel in Minnesota: the first steps in a major project.


A curriculum for faculty.

A curriculum for faculty.


Barefoot doctors and health care in China.


The diagnostic dilemma of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis.


Vaccines, poliomyelitis, and the Guillain-Barré syndrome.


The neglect and abuse of children.

The neglect and abuse of children.


Treatment of bronchial asthma.

Treatment of bronchial asthma.


Provocative testing for food allergy diagnosis.


Report on small vessel changes in the diabetic heart.


Platelet adhesiveness in cases of diabetes mellitus before and after antidiabetic drugs.


Technetium-99m uptake in the assessment of hyperthyroidism.


Gastric secretory response to pentagastrin in normals and peptic ulcer subjects.


Hepatocellular function in thalassaemia.


A preliminary study of serum aldolase level in hepatic amoebiasis.


Disseminated intravascular coagulation in cases of snake bite (Echis carinatus).


Beta adrenergic blockade in hypertension.


Technetium uptake studies in thyroid diseases.


Serum amino-acids in cases of pellagra.

Serum amino-acids in cases of pellagra.


Diabetes and platelet adhesiveness.

Diabetes and platelet adhesiveness.


Congenital hereditary nystagmus with head nodding.


Arachnodactyly, aminoaciduria, congenital cataract, cerebellar ataxia and delayed developmental milestones--a new cerebro-oculo-renal syndrome?


Memory impairment with ethambutol (a case report).


Serum creatine phosphokinase in tetanus.


Significance of gastric mucin in the aetiopathogenesis of chronic duodenal ulcer.


Clonidine in hypertension.

Clonidine in hypertension.


Bladder and renal dysfunctions in non traumatic paraplegia.


Clinical trail with clonidine hydrochloride.


Bladder and renal dysfunction in paraplegia.


Uncommon presentation of toxoplasmosis--a case report.


Thymectomy in myasthenia gravis.

Thymectomy in myasthenia gravis.


Complete congenital absence of left pericardium.


Bacteremia due to Salmonella arizonae.

Bacteremia due to Salmonella arizonae.


Toxoplasmosis.

Toxoplasmosis.


Is the central nervous system ever involved in muscular dystrophy?


Psychiatric aspects of haemodialysis.

Psychiatric aspects of haemodialysis.


Study of albumin metabolism in Indian nephrotics.


Serum magnesium in hepatic diseases.

Serum magnesium in hepatic diseases.


Role of kidney in protein kinetics.

Role of kidney in protein kinetics.


A new look at transposition of great arteries.


Neurotoxic snake bite--dramatic recovery following neostigmine therapy.


Inferior vena caval obstruction. Some unusual manifestations in a case.


Hereditary nephritis--a family study.

Hereditary nephritis--a family study.


Intravenous congo red test in pulmonary tuberculosis for detection of amyloidosis, its value and limitations.


Clonidine in the treatment of hypertension.


Studies on pseudocholinesterase in patients with coronary artery disease.


Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus.


Evaluation of peritoneal biopsy and ascitic fluid examination in the etiological diagnosis of ascites.


An epidemiological and neuropsychiatric study of writers cramp.


Hepatitis B antigen and hepatic cirrhosis in tropics.


Arsenic content of drinking water in villages in Northern India. A concept of arsenicosis.


Auto-immunity and diabetes.

Auto-immunity and diabetes.


Serum enzymes in ischemic myocardial injury.


Tuberculosis of colon--common or uncommon.


Cirrhosis: "portal" and "post necrotic".


Tubercular colitis simulating ulcerative colitis.


Broncho-biliary fistula. (An unusual presentation of hepatic hydatid cyst).


Membrane specializations of dentritic spines and glia in the weaver mouse cerebellum: a freeze-fracture study. Electron microscopy of thin-sectioned and freeze-fractured preparations of the cerebellum of the weaver mouse indicates that the dendritic spines are morphologically identical to those of their normal littermates. The weaver dendritic spines have been characterized as "unattached" since the synaptic input from the parallel fibers is absent (8-10). The entire region around the dendritic spines is taken up by astrocytic processes in the weaver. The outer fracture face of a normal dendritic spine contains aggregations of 10-nm wide particles in the immediate postsynaptic region. Similar particle aggregations occur in the unattached spines of the weaver. Freeze-fracture preparations reveal rectilinear arrays of particles, having a 7-nm center-to-center distance in the glial membranes. Rectilinear arrays are apparently distributed throughout the astrocyte membrane.


Fusion of the envelope of mucous droplets with the luminal plasma membrane in acinar cells of the cat submandibular gland. The release of mucus from acinar cells of the cat submandibular gland was examined by electron microscopy. The limiting membrane of mucous droplets fuses with the luminal plasma membrane to form a five-layered contact. This is converted to a three-layered membrane (unit membrane) by avulsion of the plasmalemma. Attenuation and rupture of this membranous barrier permits the contents of the mucous droplets to flow into the lumen.


The teacher/doctor coordinating form--an instrument in rehabilitation of the partially sighted child.


A filamentous cytoskeleton in vertebrate smooth muscle fibers. There are three classes of myofilaments in vertebrate smooth muscle fibers. The thin filaments correspond to actin and the thick filaments are identified with myosin. The third class of myofilaments (100 A diam) is distinguished from both the actin and the myosin on the basis of fine structure, solubility, and pattern of localization in the muscle fibers. Direct structural evidence is presented to show that the 100A filament constitute an integrated filamentous network with the dense bodies in the sarcoplasm, and that they are not connected to either the actin or myosin filaments. Examination of (a) isolated dense bodies, (b) series of consecutive sections through the dense bodies, and (c) redistributed dense bodies in stretched muscle fibers supports this conclusion. It follows that the 100-A filaments complexes constitute a structrally distinct filamentous network. Analysis of polyacrylamide gels after electrophoresis of cell fractions that are enriched with respect to the 100-A filaments shows the presence of a new muscle protein with a molecular weight of 55,000. This protein can form filamentous segments that closely resemble in structure the native, isolated 100-A filaments. The results indicate that the filamentous network has a structure and composition that distinguish it from the actin and myosin in vertebrate smooth muscle.


A training sequence for low vision patients. A structured training program for teaching low vision patients to efficiently use their optical aids for reading tasks is presented. The arguments for the use of this particular training sequence is supported through the sample patient histories. The training sequences can be developed in any low vision practice and the materials are readily available. The importance of training in a low vision program is emphasized.


A low vision screening clinic.

A low vision screening clinic.


In vivo induction of tight junction proliferation in rat liver. The chronic administration of phalloidin induces an extensive development of tight junctions between rat hepatocytes. The junctional strands lose their predominantly parallel orientation with respect to the canalicular lumen and extend abluminally in irregular patterns which cover large membrane areas at considerable distance from the bile canaliculi. These changes indicate both proliferation and provide further evidence that these junctions are not permanent differentiations of the cell membrane.


Eccentric viewing training.

Eccentric viewing training. Eccentric viewing training seeks to train subjects to utilize a paramacular area of the retina for seeing when the macular area is damaged. The present paper demonstrates two techniques for training eccentric viewing, as well as a method for measuring impovement in the use of the paramacular area. Both techniques are inexpensive, can be administered by a technician, and do not require an extensive training period. However, there are indications the two techniques are not comparable in effectiveness.


Low achieving child.

Low achieving child.


The influence of visual field testing procedure on blind spot size. Blind spots as measured by three different testing instruments were shown to be significantly different. These size variations seem to be related to the target contrast provided by the instrumentation. The need for instrument standardization in perimetry is discussed.


Reversibility of cell surface label rearrangement. Cell surface labeling can cause rearrangements of randomly distributed membrane components. Removal of the label bound to the cell surface allows the membrane components to return to their original random distribution, demonstrating that label is necessary to maintain as well as to induce rearrangements. With scanning electron microscopy, the rearrangement of concanavalin A (con A) and ricin binding sites on LA-9 cells has been followed by means of hemocyanin, a visual label. The removal of con A from its binding sites at the cell surface with alpha-methyl mannoside, and the return of these sites to their original distribution are also followed in this manner. There are labeling differences with con A and ricin. Under some conditions, however, the same rearrangements are seen with both lectins. The disappearance of labeled sites from areas of ruffling activity is a major feature of the rearrangements seen. Both this ruffling activity and the rearrangement of label are sensitive to cytochalasin B, and ruffling activity, perhaps along with other cytochalasin-sensitive structure, may play a role in the rearrangements of labeled sites.


Low vision applications for programmable pocket calculators.


Concanavalin A induces microtubule assembly and specific granule discharge in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Human neutrophils stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A, 100 microng/ml) contained markedly enhanced numbers of microtubules and discharged peroxidase-negative (specific) but not peroxidase-position (azurophile) granules. Release of lysozyme from specific granules was dose and time dependent, could be inhibitied by alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, and enhanced by cytochalasin B. Many microtubules were associated with internalized plasma membrane bearing Con A binding sites.


Accommodation and vergence with the Brewster stereoscope. In this paper, formulas are derived to determine the accommodative and vergence stimuli for any target or patient in a Brewster type stereoscope. Using these formulas, tables have been prepared that will allow the clinician to quickly determine the stimuli to accommodation and vergence for any given patient and target situation.


Effect of corneal lens fenestration on edema and spectacle blur. This paper is a clinical discussion of the effects of corneal lens fenestration on visible corneal edema and spectacle blur. Most of the discussion centers about photo slit lamp material selected to illustrate some of the author's experience with the subject. Although everyone does not benefit from fenestration, photographs show several cases in which visible corneal edema is reduced. Among patient impressions, the outstanding benefit is reduction of spectacle blur.


The automatic occluder, a new concept.

The automatic occluder, a new concept. An electro-mechanical occluder is described for use in treating problems of binocular vision. A number of methods of achieving the automatic occluder goal are reviewed. Early results of clinical studies now in progress indicate that the "autocluder" has unique clinical usefulness.


Case report: the pseudo-Argyll-Robertson pupil.


Complete optometric care.

Complete optometric care.


Peroneus longus tendon lengthening as an adjuvant measure in cavus foot surgery. Lengthening of the peroneus longus tendon is very important when performing cavus foot surgery. This tendon directly affects all three components (varus heel, increased arch height, and forefoot adduction) of the idiopathic cavus foot which can be accounted for by increased strength and activity of the peroneus muscle. The deforming force is removed or weakened according to the degree, duration and rigidity of the cavus foot by lengthening or transferring the tendon.


Procedures to correct hallux abducto valgus and metatarsus primus adductus. Four procedures are presented to correct hallux abducto valgus and metatarsus primus adductus in the child between the ages of 3 and 7 years. A new procedure is introduced: a subtalar extra-articular lateral arthroereisis, and an erasure procedure of the epiphysis is discussed. An important new concept in pediatric podiatry is introduced: it is often possible to prevent major surgery in the adult by performing a minor procedure in the young child. Finally, a Reverdin's procedure to correct the articular set angle in adults is presented.


Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the calcaneus: case report.


Nystagmus and soft lenses.

Nystagmus and soft lenses.


Postsurgical management of the runner.

Postsurgical management of the runner. After surgery, it is very important for a runner to maintain foot and leg flexibility and muscle strength. Isometric exercises, the type of muscular contractions that occur when the ends of the muscles are fixed (so activity is evidenced by increase in tension without change in length), are very useful as they develop power and strength and help in regaining power and strength lost by injuried muscles. Isometrics are of greater value when performed in several daily sessions instead of once a day.


Actinomyces of the hallux: a case report.


Polydactylism--dural halluces.

Polydactylism--dural halluces. This type of deformity does not appear often in any podiatric practice. An adequate regimen should be used to reduce deformity and, hopefully, to improve, or at least maintain, adequate function.


Cavernous hemangioma of the foot.

Cavernous hemangioma of the foot.


The prevention of wound infections with the use of local antibiotics. The local use of kanamycin, a broad spectrum antibiotic, has been successful in preventing primary wound infections. There have been no instances of drug reaction or sensitivity when kanamycin is used as a dilute topical irrigating solution. Secondary wound infections, which occurred in two cases, responded to local and systemic antibiotic therapy. Kanamycin can be recommended as an effective and safe topical antibiotic to prevent wound infections in foot surgery.


Melanotic whitlow: a case report.

Melanotic whitlow: a case report.


Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus: discussion and case report. A brief discussion of the salient clinicopathologic features of an entity known as osteochondritis dissecans and an illustrative case have been presented. High quality radiographic studies are of prime importance in formulating the diagnosis. Successful treatment of this relatively uncommon lesion can be provided once a thorough evaluation is made.


Recurrent dislocation of first metatarsophalangeal joint: a case report.


Clinical laboratory studies for the podiatric surgical patient. Doctor Arden emphasizes the mimportance of the preoperative history and physical examination, including clinical laboratory studies, on all podiatric surgical patients. He discusses the complete blood count, coagulation studies, blood chemistry, serologic tests for syphilis, and urinalysis. These clinical studies may give evidence of undetected disease which could have a major impact on the surgery to be performed.


Chondromyxoid fibroma: a case report.

Chondromyxoid fibroma: a case report.


Triple arthrodesis.

Triple arthrodesis. Arthrodesis, the surgical fusion of a joint or joints when motion is undesirable, is one of the most exacting surgical procedures performed on the foot. In this article, the authors discuss arthrodesing techniques from the earliest attempts in 1878 to the more sophisticated and more successful corrective procedures of the present day. Their preference of the two surgical techniques used for triple arthrodesis is the method which involves two incisions--a 12-cm. incision on the medial aspect of the foot and an 8-cm. incision on the lateral aspect of the foot.


Anterior entrapment syndromes.

Anterior entrapment syndromes. The anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome is best described as a chronic irritation or compression of the deep peroneal nerve. The pathogenesis, etiology, and diagnostic features of the anterior tarsal tunnel as it effects the foot are discussed with its complexities. Case histories are presented.


A point of view on performance research.


Health hazard among cash register operators and the effect of improved working conditions. The health condition of female cash register operators in relation to their working conditions was investigated. A questionnaire study revealed that cash register operators more frequently complained of general fatigue, headache, sleeplessness, and low back pain than female office machine operators or other female workers. Dullness and pain in the shoulder, arm, hand, and fingers especially on the right side were characteristic of cash register operators. Physical examinations in 1973 showed that 31.3% of 371 cash register operators suffered from muscle rigidity or tenderness; 13 were severely afficted and, 69 operators had to be either laid off, reassigned to other jobs, or given shorter working hours. Occupational cervicobrachial disorders were suggested to have been caused by repetitive upper limb motions combined with static load, an unfavorable working environment, and mental stress. Implementation of some improvements including shorter operation time, worker rotation, and adoption of electronic registers proved effective in reducing the number of sufferers of cervicobrachial disorders found during the 1975 physical examinations. But the improvements were not effective enough to alleviate fatigue of the neck, shoulder, and back due presumably to sustaining upper limbs while operating the keyboard.


Recent birth rate decline and quality of the population.


Shoes as a necessity for children.

Shoes as a necessity for children.


Sporotrichosis in Assam (a clinical and mycological study).


Tuberculosis control and need for vigilance.


Some observations on haemorrhagic smallpox (Type I).


Diabetes in pregnancy.

Diabetes in pregnancy.


General practitioner on the scene of hyperacute myocardial infarction.


Management of trophic ulcers in leprosy patients.


Strangulation of penis by metal ring.

Strangulation of penis by metal ring.


Environmental pollution.

Environmental pollution.


Assessment of conservative and operative methods of treatment for vertebral tuberculosis.


Histological studies of rat liver after homologous hepatocyte administration.


Pulmonary hamartoma.

Pulmonary hamartoma.


On the structure of steadily propagating rings of chemotactic bacteria. The theoretical structure of steadily propagating cylindrically-symmetric rings of chemotactic bacteria is determined by solving the governing dynamical equations for the bacterial density distribution and the concentration of chemotactic agent. Accurate to first-order in the reciprocal of the radial distance from the axis of symmetry, the asymptotic solution obtained here can be employed for future comparison with measured experimental distributions.


Hypertension--its awareness and management on ambulatory basis.


Three-dimensional distribution of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in myelinated axons.


Elemental analysis of microareas by electron energy analyzer.


Shift of secretory granules in the striated duct cell of the rat submandibular gland.


Giemsa-SEM method to observe the surface structure of plasmocytoid cell in a heavy chain disease.


Freeze-etching scanning electron microscopy with glycerinated biological tissues.


Cutaneous schistosmal granulomatous lesions.


Chromosomal aberrations after prolonged blood donation.


On the larval trematodes recovered from Bulinus truncatus in Assiut Governorate. Part II. Leptocercous and amphistome cercariae.


Larval trematode stages in Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria alexandrina snails.


The normal and bilharzial liver, pathology of irradiation.


Toxocara canis as a cause of blindness in Egyptian children.


Complement-fixing antibodies against Abu Hammad and Abu Mina viruses in mammalian sera from Egypt.


Incidence of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati infections among stray dogs and cats in Cairo and Giza Governorates, A.R.E.


An environmental and medical study of byssinosis and other respiratory symptoms in the flax textile industry of Egypt.


The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and ischemic heart disease, their blood lipids and cholesterol in different social groups in Egypt.


A study of the skin response to various antigens in Egyptian schistosoma patients (preliminary report).


Histamine metabolism in guinea pigs chronically exposed to flax dust.


A study of the social profile of rheumatic heart children in Cairo.


Incidence of schistosomiasis among inhabitants of Siwa Oasis, Qena and Aswan Governorates, A.R.E.


The incidence of antibodies against some influenza A and B viruses in sera collected at Benghazi (Libya).


The effect of smoking on the prevalence of ischemic heart disease in Egypt.


A serological study of toxoplasmosis in juveniles with chronic tonsillitis in Egypt.


Studies on the infection with the Toxocara canis the dog ascarid among Egyptians in Dakahleia Governorate.


The epidemiology of the carrier state among enterica patients in Alexandria.


The extent of breast and bottle feeding of children in Cairo and its effect on their growth.


A preliminary study for the evaluation of the primary smallpox vaccination in Alexandria.


Toxocariasis in the humans and dogs of Siwa Oasis, Qena and Aswan Governorates, A.R.E.


Toxoplasmosis: serological surveys in farm and domestic animals in Egypt (preliminary report).


Some biochemical changes in guinea--pigs chronically exposed to flax dust.


Self concept and health status in the High Institute of Nursing Cairo University.


Antibodies to Dugbe virus in mammalian sera from Egypt.


Toxocariasis, transmision of and predisposition to infection.


Psychiatrists and the courts.

Psychiatrists and the courts.


CHAMPUS speaks on diagnosis of adolescents and third-party payors.


A provider's view of partial hospitalization and third-party payment.


A provider speaks on diagnosis of adolescents and third-party payors.


Radioiodine uptake test and response to treatment with methimazole in thyrotoxicosis.


Evaluation and comparison of four methods for plasma cortisol assay.


Reappraisal of serum creatinine as an index of the glomerular filtration rate (measured by external counting).


Indications for 131I albumin and 111In-DTPA in isotope cisternography according to differences in the clearance from the spinal fluid.


Radioimmunoassay of human chorionic somatomammotropin: evaluation and comparison of three kit-methods.


Preparation and evaluation of tin-albumin millimicrospheres for labelling with 99Tcm.


Radioassay of plasma cortisol: a comparison of immunological and competitive protein-binding methods using tritiated and 125I-radioiodinated tracers.


A simplified method of measuring free tri-iodothyronine in serum by combined equilibrium dialysis and gel sephadex extraction.


Measurement of urinary free cortisol by radioimmunoassay and its clinical applications.


Intestinal polyposis associated with oxyurid parasites in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). A 40-year-old male chimpanzee had multiple intestinal polyps associated with immature male oxyurid parasites. The gross and histologic characteristics of these lesions were identical to those produced by Nochtia nochti in the stomach and esophagus of Old World primates. It was theorized that the lesions resulted from hypersensitivity to oxyurid infection in an aberrant host.


Localization of a virilizing adrenal carcinoma by 131I-19-iodocholesterol scintigraphy.


Sex, love, and the committed relationship.


Historical and theoretical perspectives: sex, love, and commitment revisited. A sociology-of-knowledge perspective is used to examine the interplay among sex, love, and commitment within the context of historical trends and social changes. The implications of qualitative and quantitative differences among love, sex and commitment are discussed in relation to (1) the concept of "multiple selves," (2) "individual variations in threshold levels," and (3) the misuse of "ideal types." Clinical and research efforts to differentiate among sex, love, and commitment need to be balanced by explicit awareness of the tendency to compartmentalize these three areas.


Clincal observations of sex as a reverberation of the total relationship. In the psychiatric treatment of sexual dysfunctioning the generally accepted method has been to concentrate heavily on the intrapsychic conflicts of one or both spouses. There now is increasing evidence that treatment is sometimes more effective if the therapeutic intervention takes place directly in the interpersonal system. Such evidence has been provided by those therapists with clinical experience in marital systems who are prepared to utilize theories evolved from a multidisciplinary approach to marital problems. This paper is meant to discuss and illustrate this shift in treatment strategy as it applies to sexual dysfunctioning and deals with the function of the interplay of sex, love, and commitment through the illustrative cases.


In vivo distribution of 99mTc-labeled liposomes.


Audiological tests for evaluation of central auditory disorders. Three audiological tests (Competing Sentences, Rapidly Alternating Speech, Staggered Spondaic Words) currently being used to evaluate central auditory dysfunction are discussed. Audiological and neurological findings on three patients with central auditory lesions are presented, with special reference to their performance on these central auditory tests. Results suggest the tests are of value in identifying and/or corroborating central lesions, and in providing a more complete explanation of patient communicative difficulties.


A study of acupuncture in adult sensorineural hearing loss. Twenty-nine adult volunteers with stable bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were treated by acupuncture. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups: active needling, active needling followed by sham needling, sham needling followed by active needling, and sham needling. All subjects received 30 treatments. Only one ear was treated by acupuncture. The second ear was kept for an intrasubject control. Prior to treatment a baseline of hearing was established. During the course of acupuncture, audiological assessments (pure tone thresholds and speech tests) were made after sets of five treatments. Hearing was again measured during the year following acupuncture. The results in individual subjects and statistical comparisons of active and sham groups showed that acupuncture did not produce significant shifts in hearing.


On the accumulation of 67Ga in human breast milk: probable mechanism.


[Otology on a plateau].

[Otology on a plateau].


Policy statement on hearing aid delivery system.


High-potassium induced contracture in guinea pig ureter. Some characteristic properties of guinea pig ureter in high-K induced contracture were studied. The contracture was composed of three contraction components, quick-phasic, slow transient, and substained states. The height of the second component decreased with time when the preparation was immersed in high-K solution. This was observed during a brief washing treatment with normal Tyrode solution applied at varius times after immersion in high-K solution. When the brief washing treatment was applied after 30 min, a contracture composed of the first and the third components was observed. Similar results were obtained in Ca-induced contracture of K-depolarized preparations. Fluctuations of tension were observed in the course of the contracture. The fluctuations could be evoked by various types treatments and were observed to have some relationship to extracellular Ca. It was indicated that extracellular Ca has an important role in the initiation of each component of the contracture and that the role of Ca is controlled by the cell membrane.


Insulin kinetics after portal and peripheral injection of labelled insulin. Procedure to be used when no independent measure of liver plasma flow is available.


Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines: I. Rapid derivation and preliminary characterization of high-yielding recombinants of influenza virus.


Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines: II. Some properties of high-yielding recombinant influenza viruses and their vaccines.


Studies on the development of a live attenuated mumps virus vaccine. II. Development and evaluation of the live "Hoshino" mumps vaccine.


On the factors affecting the initiation of protein synthesis in the rat ventral prostate: androgens, polyamines and conjugated proteins.


In vitro binding and metabolism of androgens in various organs: a comparative study.


Effects of ESH and testosterone on the RNA synthesis in different stages of rat spermatogenesis.


A molecular analysis of the human estrogen receptor.


Specific [3H]-estradiol binding in the fetal uterus and testis of guinea pig. Quantitative evolution of [3H]-estradiol receptors in the different fetal tissues (kidney, lung, uterus and testis) during fetal development.


Model systems for the study of estrogen action in tissue culture.


Uterine receptor-estradiol complexes and their interaction with nuclear binding sites.


Progestin receptors in human tissues: concentrations and binding kinetics.


The properties and functional significance of ATP binding to progesterone receptors.


Calorimetric approach to the study of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and estradiol receptors in rat hypothalamus cytosol.


Estrogen receptors and ovalbumin genes in hen oviduct chromatin fractions.


Role of nuclear proteins as high affinity sites ("acceptors") for progesterone in the avian oviduct.


Activation of transcription-regulating proteins by steroids.


Kinetics of glucocorticoid-receptor complexes in rat thymus cells.


The 'estrogen-induced protein': quantitation by autoradiography of polyacrylamide gels.


Effect of progesterone on HnRNA and avidin mRNA of the chick oviduct.


Glucocorticoid effects on DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in rat thymus cells.


Concanavalin A-induced glucocorticoid resistance in rat thymus cells: decreased cytoplasmic and nuclear receptor binding of dexamethasone.


Kinetics of steroid transport through cell membranes: comparison of the uptake of cortisol by isolated rat liver cells with binding of cortisol to rat liver cytosol.


Glucocorticoid receptors in interstitial cells of the rat testis.


A review of regulation of gene expression by steroid hormone receptors.


Cytosol and nuclear receptors for 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and testosterone in the hypothalamus and hypophysis, and testosterone receptors isolated from neonatal female rat hypothalamus.


The role of receptors in the steroidal regulation of tumour cell proliferation.


Steroid hormone target sites in the brain: the differential distribution of estrogin, progestin, androgen and glucocorticosteroid.


Estradiol binding and metabolism in human endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma.


Steroid abnormalities in endometrial and breast carcinoma: a unifying hypothesis.


Glucocorticoid receptors, DNA synthesis, membrane antigens and their relation to disease activity in chronic lymphatic leukemia.


Progestational therapy in human renal carcinoma and steroid receptors.


Hormone dependency in breast cancer.

Hormone dependency in breast cancer.


Androgen receptors in human pharyngo-laryngeal mucosa and pharyngo-laryngeal epithelioma.


Studies on the control of aldosterone secretion in man.


Urinary excretion of metabolites of steroid hormones by men with cancer of the stomach.


Antihypertensive action of 18,20-cyclo-20,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, a structural analogue of 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone.


Adrenocortical factors in hypertension. II The significance of 16-oxygenated C-19 steroids.


Regulation of plasma levels of aldosterone and its metabolites during the latent period of aldosterone.


The influence of steroid-receptor complexes on the stages of transcription of target-tissue chromatin.


Syntactic and strategic aspects of the comprehension of indirect and direct object constructions by children.


The effects of case on the processing of noun phrases.


Steroids and intraocular pressure.

Steroids and intraocular pressure.


Children's comprehension of metaphor: a Piagetian interpretation.


Verbal conditioning without awareness: a case study.


The effect of two educated dialects on sentence repetition scores of five year old Scottish children.


A measure of preference for speaking rather than writing and its relationship to expressive language skills in adolescents.


A comparative study of androgen binding in rat uterus and prostate.


Early acquisition of linguistic designations for time.


Transformational complexity and sentence difficulty: a developmental study.


Relationships between hesitation phenomena, anxiety, and self-control in a normal communication situation.


Metastatic spread and "escape" from the immune defenses of the host. The effectiveness of the host's immune reaction against primary and disseminated tumors depends not only on the magnitude of the host's immune response, such as the number of cytotoxic cells and antibody molecules produced, but also on the capacity of tumor cells to evade destruction. The latter process which has been termed "escape" depends on several factors including intrinsic properties of the tumor cell. In some experimental systems, it was shown that the capacity of disseminated tumor cells to give rise to distant metastases is in part determined by the efficiency of escape. Tumors which in vivo appear to be nonimmunogenic may still carry tumor-specific antigens to which the host responds by making cytotoxic mononuclear cells, but these fail to kill because escape is effective.


Possible mechanisms in regression.

Possible mechanisms in regression. The mechanisms responsible for spontaneous regression of cancer may be nonimmunologic. Among other possible models, it is suggested that the necrotizing properties of endotoxin offer an open approach to the problem.


Spontaneous regression of colon carcinoma. Apparent spontaneous regression of advanced colon carcinoma has been reported in 7 patients. This is a very rare event, and the circumstances accounting for this are elusive.


Spontaneous regression of cancer evaluated by computerized data. Where immunologic intergrity wanes, clinicians observe a greatly increased incidence of neoplasia. Factors in this phenomenon are reviewed. With complete and detailed recorded data on patients who have exhibited spontaneous regression of cancer, a systematic data-reduction approach becomes a practical reality, without the inherent handicaps of missing details in patient histories or anecdotal and often conjectural observations. Presented here is the plea for detailed recording of complete histories of all carcinoma patients who exhibit the phenomenon of spontaneous regression. Physicans of several decades ago generally considered as unrelated much data deemed important to us today.


Regression of cancer following surgery.

Regression of cancer following surgery. Postsurgical tumor regressions are rare but well-recognized entities. The causes of such phenomena are unknown but probably are multiple. Regression of any tumor must ultimately come about by changes in the host-tumor interaction which suddenly becomes unfavorable for tumor growth. This is likely a manifestation of changes in the immunocompetence of the host. There are many variables influencing the host-tumor interaction, and the study of tumor immunology is stil in its infancy. It is through the exploration and investigation of basic mechanisms of the immunology of cancer that the most potentially fruitful associations between tumor growth or regression and surgical manipulations may be made and applied to the treatment of cancer patients.


Effects of dorsal fornix section and hippocampectomy on adrenocortical responses to sensory stimulation in the rat. With the purpose of identifying the neural structures which are involved in the mediation of the adrenocortical responses to photic, acoustic and sciatic nerve stimulation, experiments were conducted on male rats with bilateral section of the dorsal fornix and dorsal or ventral hippocampectomies. The basal corticosterone levels in these animals were not significantly different from those in controls. Stimulation of the 3 sensory modalities produced normal adrenocortical responses in rats with fornix section. The hippocampectomies had no effect or only a marginal effect on the response to ether stress and to photic and acoustic stimulation; however, the adrenal response to sciatic stimulation was very significantly reduced. The data demonstrate the participation of the hippocampus in the transmission of somatosensory responses which promote adrenocortical activity. The efferent connections of the hippocampus to the hypothalamus which are involved in this mechanism are discussed.


Opiate and endocrine interaction: morphine effects on hypothalamus and pineal body. Experiments were performed on male Holtzman albino rats. Stainless steel semimicroelectrodes 60 micron in diameter were implanted stereotaxically in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and in the pineal body (PB). Six to eight days following this operation, the sensory field potentials from freely behaving, unrestrained rats were averaged. After a control recording was achieved, animals were given injections i.p. with 10,30 or 50 mg/kg of morphine and recordings were resumed for 45 min. Naloxone was then administered and recordings were monitored during another 45 min period. Three consistent components of the averaged sensory evoked potentials were evaluated. In both structures following the two lower doses of morphine (10 and 30 mg/kg), increased and decreased response amplitudes were observed, while following 50 mg/kg morphine, mainly increased response amplitudes were obtained in both structures. With increased doses, the percentage of responses was increased. During the 45 min of recording after morphine, effects remained consistent. Differences in the percentage and the direction of the responses were observed between the VMH and the PB. Naloxone (1 mg/kg) reversed the morphine effect in the two structures, both the increased and decreased responses. The possible interactions between morphine and endocrine function of the two structures are discussed.


Toward a scientific humanist health care system.


Plain film diagnoses of medical emergencies.


Mucopolysaccharide complexes in the fibrous tissue surrounding hydrophilic polymers in subcutaneous implantation. The biocompatibility of three types of hydrophilic poly-(glycol methacrylate) gels--homogeneous, microporous and macroporous--was investigated in an experimental subcutaneous implantation. The occurrence of mucopolysaccharide complexes formed by both hyaluronic acid and chondroitine sulphates was examined in the fibrous tissue which surrounds the implant and penetrates into it in the case of a macroporous polymer. In an early stage of investigation hyaluronic acid prevails, but with proceeding collagenization the chondroitine sulphate part becomes predominant.


The effects of anaesthetics and of denervation on rubidium influx and on tissue perfusion in rat skeletal muscles, measured by uptake of tritiated water and of 14C-ethanol.


Diabetes mellitus--progress report.

Diabetes mellitus--progress report.


Glucose homeostasis during the perinatal period.


Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 5. Edema relationships.


Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 10. Future study considerations.


Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 11. Workshop summation.


Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 2. Epidemiologic aspects.


Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 3. Study design, population and data characteristics. 1. The mean blood pressure runs a curvilinear pattern during the course of pregnancy, with the lowest reading between 20 and 27 weeks of gestation, a continuous rise from 28 to 36 weeks, followed by a plateau. 2. the mean blood pressure in pregnancies without edema and proteinuria are lowest throughout pregnancy. However, the mean blood pressures in pregnancies complicated by edema, proteinuria, or both, are less than 5 mm. Hg higher after 28 weeks of gestation. 3. The mean blood pressures are lower in black gravidas than in white gravidas throughout pregnancy, independent of the presence or absence of edema, proteinuria, or their combinations. 4. The mean blood pressure is related to age and parity. Median-age gravidas (20-34 years) of parity 1-5 have the lowest mean blood pressures overall at any time during gestation. The mean blood pressure of nulliparas, independent of age, is elevated over the mean blood pressure of comparable multiparas. Independent of parity, maternal age systematically affects the mean blood pressure. 5. The standard deviations for the mean diastolic and systolic blood pressures are approximately 9 and 11 mm. Hg, respectively, independent of the weeks of gestation. They are affected very little by the absence or presence of edema or proteinuria, or both. 6. Edema of hands and/or face occurs more often in black gravidas. 7. The overall perinatal mortality rates in pregnancies complicated by edema are not higher than in pregnancies without edema.  Perinatal mortality rates in pregnancies with proteinuria, or edema and proteinuria, on the other hand, are approximately double the rates for pregnancies without edema and proteinuria.


New approaches to the chemical characterization of membrane molecules. Recognition of the H-2D and H-2K cell surface molecules plays an integral role in the cell mediated cytolysis of virally infected or chemically modified cells by immune cytotoxic thymus derived cells. Previously, technical difficulties have made structural studies on these membrane molecules extremely difficult. We present micromethods based on detergent solubilization and indirect immunoprecipitation which have allowed us to determine the amino acid sequence of the N-terminal portion of four H-2D and H-2K molecules. Application of these microsequencing methods to the determination of the detailed structure of these molecules will allow us to assess their involvement as targets in immune surveillance. This kind of approach will facilitate detailed chemical analysis of a variety of membrane molecules of interest in developmental and tumor biology.


Modulation of cell growth and cell-cell stickiness with succinylated concanavalin A.


Regulation of transport in mammalian cell culture. The regulation of amino acid transport has been investigated in Balb/3T3 cells. Transport for neutral amino acids in animal tissues is carried out by two distinct systems. The transport activity of the A system (alanine preferring) is inhibited by high internal of substrate amino acids, a process termed trans-inhibition. In contrast, the L system transport activity is greatly stimulated by high internal levels of substrate, a phenomenon termed trans-stimulation. Regulation of amino acid transport in animal cells occurs by a repression-derepression mechanism or by a feedback inhibition or feedback stimulation process. The level of endogenous amino acids is shown to be important in the regulation of transport activity. Cells which are slow growing or quiescent have increased levels of endogenous amino acids, which in turn effect the transport activity. The A system transport activity is decreased in quiescent cells, whereas L system transport activity increases. Conditions which effect endogenous amino acid levels have an effect on transport activity. Feedback regulation of transport activity through the amino acid pool levels is another way animal cells can regulate transport activity.


Scanning electron microscopy of four teleostean retinas. The morphology of the retinas of the goldeye Hiodon alosoides (fam. Hiodontidae), the brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (fam. Salmonidae), the yellow perch Perca flavescens and the walleye Stizostedion vitreum (fam. Percidae) was studied by SEM. Semi-thin plastic sections of the same retinas were also examined for comparison. Contrary to observation of earlier authors the goldeye retina was found to possess both rods and cones; in the case of the other three fishes' retinas, present observations correspond to previous ones, adding only details. SEM gives an impressive, three dimensil view of the gross surface features of the retinas. Shrinkage during the processing of the specimens for SEM, while not altering the general topography, does induce artifacts in both plexiform layers.


Mass-spectrographic evidence of the conversion of p-chloroamphetamine to 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine. Intraventricularly injected p-chloroamphetamine (p-CA) was actively metabolized to 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine (3,4-DMA) in the rat brain. Time-course experiments with intraperitoneally injected p-CA confirmed that the presence of cerebral 3,4-DMA was not due to its "one-pass" entry from the peripheral organs. The identity of 3,4-DMA from brain tissue and urine was established by comparison to authentic 3,4-DMA. The synthetic and biological samples were isographic in all analytical systems. 3,4-DMA from biological samples was verified by mass spectrography.


The maximum allowable cost regulations and pharmaceutical research and development.


Domiciliary care facilities under the SSI program in selected states.


Factors influencing the release of adult residents in public mental institutions, 1967.


The pathology and pathogenesis of Trypanosoma vivax infection in the goat. Acute and chronic forms of disease can be distinguished in Trypanosoma vivax infection in the goat. The main difference between the acute and chronic form seems to be the presence of microthrombi in the acute stage of infection; these consist of platelets, trypanosomes, monocytoid cells and some fibrin. This thrombus formation seems directly related to the high parasitaemia in acute trypanosomiasis and may result in ischaemia which could also explain the haemorrhages, the oedema of the lungs and other tissues, and the necrotic changes found in several organs. The anaemia, associated with erythrophagocytosis, haemosiderosis, extramedullary haemopoiesis and hyperactivity of the bone marrow, seemed to be of haemolytic origin. The factors leading to emaciation seemed to be degenerative atrophy of muscular tissue and loss of protein in the urine caused by a possible immune complex glomerulonephritis.


Seasonal changes in the coat of the cat. The coats of four cats were studied for 20 months through one winter and one summer in Australia. It was found that the outer coat and undercoat length varied from 25 mm and 12 mm in summer to 30 mm and 15 mm in winter. Follicle activity was at a maximum about February (late summer) and at a minimum in August (late winter). The peak of winter inactivity was narrow, and fell short of 100 per cent. During summer never more than 70 per cent of the outer coat hairs, and 50 per cent of the undercoat were active, indicating that despite a basic seasonal cycle, hair replacement is relatively gradual.


Babesia major in Britain: cross-immunity trials with Babesia divergens in splenectomised calves. Splenectomised calves infected with Babesia major were shown to have no resistance to challenge with Babesia divergens; however, initial infection with B divergens provided a good protection against subsequent challenge with B major. It is suggested that this might mean that B divergens would be the dominant and most commonly encountered species in areas where both occur.


The effects of haemorrhagic anaemia and physical training on the energy metabolism and heart rate response to exercise in sheep. The energy metabolism and heart rate response to exercise were studied in haemorrhagically anaemic sheep. Anaemia did not affect the efficiency of food utilisation, but might reduce appetite. Anaemic sheep were at no particular circulatory disadvantage under the stress of physical exertion up to the levels imposed in this experiment (3-2km/h, 8 degrees -12 degrees gradient), but they appeared to undergo some circulatory adaptation, probably an increased stroke-volume.


Amount of western equine encephalitis virus inoculated by transmitting Culex tarsalis mosquitoes. The amount of western equine encephalitis virus inoculated by infected Culex tarsalis mosquitoes is highly variable between individual mosquitoes. The majority (68 per cent) inoculate less than 100 intracerebral three-week-old mouse LD50 at time of feeding and the quanity appears unrelated to temperature or length of incubation following initial infection.


The effect of corticosteroids on the cysticerci of Taenia ovis in sheep. The effect of two synthetic corticosteroids on the cysticerci of Taenia ovis in sheep has been investigated. Dexamethasone given from four days before infection had no effect on the number of cysticerci recovered but did enhance their survival. When betamethasone was used there was an increase in the number of cysts compared with controls. Corticosteroids given for 12 days after infection did not increase the number of viable cysticerci recovered at autopsy three months later but when treatment was continued until the time of autopsy, a very high proportion of cysticerci were viable.


The experimental infection of calves with a British leptospire of the Pomona serogroup. Two calves were infected with a British leptospire of the Pomona serogroup. Both showed symptoms of anorexia and fever and one had marked haemoglobinurea and leptospiruria. The serum antibody titres rose rapidly in both calves.


Effects of vasectomy on fructose levels in the ejaculate of rams. Fructose concentration was studied in the ejaculates of 20 intact and 19 vasectomised rams over a two year period. In intact rams the concentration ranged from 222-740 mg/100 ml of seminal plasma during the breeding season (October to December), with lower values (0-300 mg/100) during the rest of the year. In vasectomised rams the seasonal pattern was less marked with very high values (800-1260 mg/100 ml) as well as low values (0-20 mg/100 ml) being encountered during both the breeding and non-breeding seasons, indicating changes in accessory gland function. Fructose concentrations in ejaculate were determined in 20 intact and 19 vasectomized rams over a 2-year period. During the breeding season (October-December), fructose concentrations ranged from 222 to 740 mg/100 ml of seminal plasma in  intact animals;  values ranged from 0 to 300 mg/100 ml during the rest of the year. In vasectomized animals, values as high as 800-1260 mg/100 ml and as low as 0-20 mg/100 ml were found during both the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. The results indicate  changes in accessory gland function following vasectomy.


Determinative data for 4'-O-methyl equol and related compounds.


The mode of growth within the jejunal crypts of the rat [proceedings].


Proximal airway conditions-some theoretical considerations.


Do leukaemic lymphocytes differ from normal lymphocytes in their ability to repair DNA damage [proceedings]?


DNA turnover in nuclei of cells from higher plants [proceedings].


Formation and turnover of a new aliquot of nuclear DNA [proceedings].


Internships for respiratory therapy.

Internships for respiratory therapy.


RT education: role for proprietary schools? Part II.


DNA content of midgut in the stick insect Bacillus rossius [proceedings].


Effect of glucagon on synthesis and turnover of DNA in foetal hepatic nuclei of rats (proceedings).


Primary hyperparathyroidism: diagnostic value of a model of multivariate statistical analysis. In examining a group of 90 hypercalcaemic patients (37 with primary hyperparathyroidism), a comparison was made of the diagnostic reliability of: 1) tests commonly used for diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism; 2) radioimmunoassay of plasma parathormone; 3) a recently introduced model of multivariate statistical analysis. The results indicate that, at present, the model of multivariate statistical analysis used is of higher diagnostic reliability in the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism than renal phosphate excretion tests and the radioimmunoassay of PTH itself.


The e antigen and antibody in the serum of patients with HBsAg-positive liver disease and in asymptomatic carriers. Serum samples from 103 HBsAg positive and 69 negative patients were examined in Ouchterlony double diffusion in agarose for the presence of e antigen and anti-e antibody. e antigen was found in 66% of the cases of active chronic hepatitis, 18% of those of active cirrhosis, and 12% of those of acute hepatitis. Anti-e antibody was found only in asymptomatic chronic carriers; it occurred in 56% of HBsAg-positive individuals with normal livers at biopsy. No e reactivity was found in 6 subjects with inactive disease and in 3 with chronic persistent hepatitis. The e system seems a valuable diagnostic tool utilizing the presence of the antigen to differentiate patients with chronic progressive disease from healthy carriers who, in contrast, often have circulating anti-e antibodies; its clinical value, however, is at present limited  by the low sensitivity of the technique used for antigen detection. A significant association between e antigen and the intrahepatic expression of the core determinant of the HB virus was observed inthis study, suggesting they have a similar role in pathogenicity and infectivity; the association between anti-e antibody and HBsAg appeared uncertain, HBsAg being present in the liver irrespective of e reactivity.


Studies on parathyroid scintiphotography.


RNA content of isolated hepatocytes determined by microinterferometry [proceedings].


Separation of the hepatocyte weight classes by gradient centrifugation [proceedings].


Effect of adrenalectomy on the hepatocyte dry mass.


The problem of infections in acute leukemias. Personal experience in diagnosis and treatment. This report is based on experience over the last 5 years in the diagnosis and treatment of infections in 200 acute leukemic patients hospitalized in the Institute of Haematology, University of Rome. The relevant clinical and laboratory findings are discussed in relation to the diagnosis of secondary infections. Most of the febrile episodes were associated with infection. The frequently rapid development of the infections in these patients requires empirical antibiotic treatment. The best results were obtained when the combinations carbenicillin-cephalothin-gentamicin (success rate of 65%), and carbenicillin-cephalothin-gentamicin-lyncomycin-methicillin (success rate of 62%), were used as empirical therapy.


The bursa of Fabricius in birds. Recent histochemical aspects of its differentiation towards immunological competence.


De Lange syndrome. Clinical, dermatoglyphic and chromosomal findings in nine cases. Nine cases of the de Lange syndrome are reviewed. Our findings show that the facial characteristics in the present series and in previously reported cases are remarkably similar. Dermatoglyphically, we have documented an increased incidence of tibial loops on the hallucal area and increased incidence of single flexion creases of the digits from this study series. Our study also supports the previous authors who have recorded an increased incidence in radial loops on the second and third digits and increased incidence of simian lines. We have not been able to document a consistent chromosomal defect.


Localization of endogenous peroxidase in secretory granules of human parotid and submandibular gland. An electron microscope study [proceedings)].


Mortality and mental health: evidence from the Midtown Manhattan Restudy.


Transcultural attitudes toward antisocial behavior: the "worst" crimes.


Relative importance of variables in determination of practice location: a pilot study.


The effects of policies and programs on reduction of mental hospitalization.


Review of prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in Japan. There has been a temporary increase in schistosomiasis japonica after World War II in each of the known endemic areas, but a national control programme, including use of molluscicides, lining irrigation ditches through rice paddies with concrete and the reclamation of swampy areas by drainage and filling, begun around 1950, drastically reduced the prevalence and distribution of the disease. It can be said that these measures together with improvements in agricultural techniques, mechanization of farming and also socioeconomic factors such as improvements in the living standards of the inhabitants and urbanization have brought about a rapid decrease in schistosomiasis in Japan.


Behavioral science and medical education: a biobehavioral perspective.


Avoidance of the ontological confrontation of death and physiological measures in a field setting simulating a death atmosphere.


Current status of schistosomiasis in Laos, Thailand and Malaysia.


Change in physician attitudes toward reform in medical education: the results of a field experiment.


Schistosomiasis japonica in China: a brief review.


Reproductive freedom, coercion and justice. Some ethical aspects of population policy and practice.


Diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infections in man: an introduction and brief review.


A suggested framework for the provision of health facilities in Nigeria.


Motivation and family planning: incentives and disincentives in the delivery system.


Some proposed criteria for behavioral scientists working in medical settings.


Techniques in schistosomiasis field surveys.


Culture of Schistosoma japonicum (Philippine strain) from the cercarial stage and the effects of immune rabbit and human sera in vitro: a preliminary report.


Laboratory breeding of Oncomelania nosophora in Japan.


A review of the biology of the Chinese and Formosan strains of Schistoma japonicum.


The maintenance of Philippine and other strains of Schistosoma japonicum in the laboratory and the differences among Philippine strains of Oncomelania.


Morphology and taxonomy of the snail intermediate host of the Mekong schistosome.


Notes on the aquatic ecology of Lithoglyphopsis aperta.


Population research on Oncomelania quadrasi in Leyte, Philippines.


Clinical studies on schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines: a review.


A clinico-pathologic study of cases with Schistosoma japonicum infection in Indonesia. Combined clinico-pathological and laboratory examinations were carried out on 52 S. japonicum infected patients from an endemic area in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. All of these patients exhibited signs and symptoms of chronic hepato-splenic schistosomiasis. None of the patients showed evidence of liver cirrhosis on histopathological examination. However, varying degrees of portal fibrosis were exhibited. The correlation between the degree of fibrosis and the clinical and laboratory findings were presented and discussed. Based on the results, liver biopsy proved to be a vaulable method of diagnosis in this particular type of infection. This study provides new information on S. japonicum infection in the area and may support a more solid basis for treatment.


Studies on IgE level among patients with schistosomiasis japonica in Japan.


Review of schistosomiasis control in the Philippines.


Clinical study of Mekong schistosomiasis at Khong Island, Southern Laos.


Programme of schistosomiasis control in Japan.


Laboratory trials of two new molluscicides, the bark of "gogo" (Entada phasholoides) and Polynactin, against Oncomelania snails: a preliminary report.


Ambilhar in the treatment of Schistosoma japonicum infection and as an egg suppressant for mass treatment. Ambilhar or niridazole at a dose of 25 mg per kg body weight for 7 days was found ineffective against Sl japonicum infection. Longer period of treatment for 10 to 14 days gave impressive stool negative conversion and egg reduction rates but with moderately severe reactions, the most alarming of which was hallucination. To minimize toxicity, the daily dose was reduced but given for a longer duration so that the total amount of the drug given per kilogram body weight was approximately the same as the 25 mg pre kg per day for 10 to 14 days. Of the two treatment schedules tried, the 15 mg per kg per day for 24 days was found relatively effective. Although the drug with this treatment regimen was well tolerated, a drop-out of 50.8% was observed. Ambilhar was therefore tried as an egg suppressant. With a 10-day treatment, all patients were again positive after 6 months. Egg reduction rates during the 6 months stool follow-up ranged from 69.8 to 93.5%. Further trials using this dose to be repeated every 3 to 6 months is contemplated.


Recommendations for future research work on the control of Schistosoma japonicum in East and Southeast Asia.


Pseudomonas putrefaciens from clinical material. Three strains of Pseudomonas putrefaciens were isolated from routine clinical specimens at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Their cultural and biochemical characteristic, and antibiotic susceptibilities are presented. Characteristics of diagnostic value were stressed. Two isolates appeared to have played a pathogenic role in chronic otitis media.


A study of the microfilarial periodicity at Bireuen, the type locality of Brugia malayi. A field study was conducted in August 1974 at Bireuen, Indonesia, at the type locality of Brugia malayi from where the parasite was first described by Lichtenstein (1927) and Brug (1927), in order to determine the pattern of the microfilarial periodicity. From the results, it has been demonstrated that both the microfilariae of B. malayi as well as those of W. bancrofti in man from Bireuen area are the nocturnally periodic form. The microfilaria rates observed in the present survey were  much lower than those recorded by Lichtenstein (1927) some 50 years ago in the same areas.


Physiological response to parasitism. I. Changes in carbohydrate reserves of the molluscan host. A comparison of tissue carbohydrate levels is made between larval trematode infected and uninfected snails under three physiological conditions, i.e., unstarved, starved and ré-fed. Under all these conditions, infected snails were found to be hyperglycaemic compared to uninfected snails. Contrasting behaviour of the digestive gland and the foot under these conditions, suggests that some inherent mechanism in the foot is activated which enables it to take up an additional role of seplenishing carbohydrate lost to the pararites.


Periplaneta americana (L.) as intermediate host of Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser) in Penang, Malaysia.


Absence of plague in certain mammals from Java and Kalimantan (Borneo). Antibodies against plague were lacking in 237 wild mammal sera from Java and 103 from Kalimantan. Wild mammal spleens, 114 from Java and 18 from Kalimantan were negative for plague bacilli. A variety of mammalian species and areas was examined.


Abnormal haemoglobins and hereditary ovalocytosis in the Ulu Jempul District of Kuala Pilah, West Malaysia. A survey of abnormal haemoglobins and hereditary ovalocytosis was carried out among 629 Malays of Minangkabau descent in the Ulu Jempul District of Kuala Pilah, in the state of Negri Sembilan in West Malaysia.. Several abnormal haemoglobins were found with the following frequencies: Hb E 5.25%, Hb CoSp 2.38%, Hb A2 indonesia 0.80%, a fast moving Hb with a Mobility between A and Bart's 0.64% and Hb Q 0.16%. Hereditary ovalocytosis was found in 13.2% of these people. None of the persons with hereditary ovalocytosis had any evidence of haemolysis.


Trace elements in air, water and food in the Philippines. A study was conducted to determine the levels of trace metals like lead, mercury, chromium and cadmium in air, water and foods by colorimetric means. It was observed that their levels are within normal limit with minor exceptions which was mentioned already.


Official statistics and blindness in Hong Kong. WHO designated 1976 as the year for the prevention of blindness and attention is drawn to the prevalence rate and causes of blindness in Hong Kong. The former as released by WHO is as high as 1392 per 100,000 and the latter tends to suggest Vitamin A deficiency is still an important cause here. This article reviews all the official statistics on blindness published in Hong Kong over the past twenty years and seeks to suggest an appropriate prevalence rate for Hong Kong and demonstrate the changing pattern of causes of blindness in Hong Kong. It concludes that Hong Kong should adopt a statistical definition and classification of blindness accepted internationally and suggests that in the presentation of statistics, the misleading factor of present inclusion of past events should be avoided.


Gnathostoma spinigerum Owen, 1836 (Nematoda: Gnathostomidae) from a civet cat, Prionodon linsang Hardwick, with reference to its dietary habits. The recovery of six adult Gnathostoma spinigerum Owen, 1936 from a civet cat, Prionodon linsang Hardwick, constitutes the second reported record of this parasite and the first authenticated case of adult worms found in a wild animal from Malaysia. The food habits of the infected P. linsang as an important link in the transmission of G. spinigerum in the intermediate and definitive hosts together with the probable distribution of this parasite are discussed.


Small mammal ectoparasites from Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia.


The first record of Hunterellus hookeri parasitizing Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Indonesia.