Congenital oral anomalies in argentinian children. A total of 6,180 Argentinian school-age children were examined clinically for the presence of oral congenital anomalies. The following prevalence figures were found: commissured lip pits (0.7%), ankyloglossia (0.1%), geographic tongue (1.5%), localized enamel hypomaturation (2.8%), median rhomboid glossitis (0.10/00), torus palatinus (0.30/00) and dentinogenesis imperfecta (0.30/00). Data are presented for the first time on snowcap amelogenesis imperfecta with a prevalence value of 0.1%.


Comparison between participants and non-participants in a dental health survey in northern Norway. The present study focused on possible differences with regard to sex, age, family income and dental status between those who did and those who did not attend a dental health survey. In a village in Northern Norway, all inhabitants aged 20-69 years (180 men and 178 women) were invited by mail to participate in a dental health survey. Two reminders were sent to non-respondents. Eighty-three percent of the target population attended for examination and interviews, and 94% responded to a follow-up questionnaire. Of all non-participants, men, and particularly young men, were overrepresented. Middle-aged people were more likely to participate than were persons under 30 and over 50 years of age. Furthermore, people belonging to the upper income groups seemed to be more willing to participate than those at lower income levels. Apparently, inconvenient working hours and long commuting distances had affected the participation. In addition, it seemed likely that anxiety and local factors had some influence.


Five-year review of tooth mortality in a selected population in Leeds, U.K. The results of survey of tooth mortality, in a group of 1,507 patients attending the Conservation Department of a dental teaching hospital in Leeds, U.K., are reported. Comparisons are drawn with the results of a previous study carried out in 1964-65 and with a survey of a general population. The results suggest that there is a general tendency for tooth mortality to be lower in the present survey and this change is particularly noticeable for maxillary incisor and canine teeth. The significance of these results is discussed and various hypotheses are suggested to explain them.


Tetracycline-stained teeth in Jerusalem preschool children. The prevalence of tetracycline-stained teeth was studied in 965 5-year-olds attending compulsory kindergarten in West Jerusalem in 1971. In addition, demographic data were collected to determine the socioeconomic status of the children's families. The prevalence of children with stained teeth was 8.0%, males being affected twice as often as females. The prevalence of staining was significantly higher in children of lower socioeconomic status.


Prevalence of leukokeratosis nicotina palati among 3,819 danes. Clinical inspection was made of the palatal mucosa of 3,819 patients at the Royal Dental College, Copenhagen. Any occurrence of leukokeratosis nicotina palati (LNP) was recorded, as were the patients' general data and information on their smoking habits. LNP was most prevalent in 30- to 39-year-olds. Prevalence was considerably greater among males than females, even when comparing groups with the same smoking habits. LNP was found in connection with all forms of smoking. In male patients, approx. 30% of pipe smokers had LNP compared with approx. 7% of other smokers. The greatest single factor of importance to the prevalence of LNP, among those who smoked a pipe only, was the level of consumption. The smoking period was of no particular significance. Individual susceptibility is illustrated by the fact that even among pipe smokers with a relatively high consumption, 40% did not exhibit LNP.


Incidence of oral cancer among 30,000 villagers in india in a 7-year follow-up study of oral precancerous lesions. In three districts of India where an oral precancer registry comprising 30,000 individuals was established in 1967, regular follow-up surveys have been conducted. This paper discusses the results of a 7-year follow-up study. In Bhavnagar district only one case or oral cancer was reported in this study. In the districts of Ernakulam and Srikakulam, age-adjusted annual incidence rates for oral cancer were found to be 33 and 22 per 100,000 respectively. The significance of tobacco habits and oral submucous fibrosis as etiologic factors is discussed.


Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome symptom onset at age 35.


Characteristics of a group of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders. Information concerning social, medical and dental characteristics was obtained from a group comprising 406 patients, 103 men and 303 women, all with some temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. Median age for the men was 27 years, and for the women 33 years. Individuals belonging to the middle and upper social classes were clearly overrepresented. Self-reports on general health indicated no obvious deviation from levels which might be expected to prevail in the general population. Dental health tended to be slightly ahead of Norwegian general standards. Eighty-two percent of the group were found to have a mandibular pain dysfunction syndrome (MDS), 11% had chronic osteoarthritis, and 7% suffered from other arthropathies of traumatic as well as rheumatologic origin. The proportion of patients with MDS was inversely related to age, and after the age of 40, the relative frequency of MDS also fell slightly with the lowering of social class. Presumably the social composition of the clientele reflected differences in the seeking of treatment, rather than in the "true" disease prevalences. No indication was found for assuming that dental factors had played major and independent roles in the development of the disorders.


Genetic engineering benefits outweigh hazards.


Acquired red cell pyruvate kinase deficiency in leukemias and related disorders. The authors studied red blood cell pyruvate kinase activity of 202 patients with various hemopathies. A PK deficiency of moderate grade was found in 39% of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemias, in 57% of those with primary medullary insufficiency without aplasia, in 61% of those with refractory sideroblastic anemia. The PK deficiency was often associated with deficiencies of other red cell enzymes. The mechanism of such enzyme abnormalities was discussed with the hypothesis of a post-translational molecular alteration.


A brighter side of the new genetics.

A brighter side of the new genetics.


The influence of different isolation procedures and the use of target cells from melanoma cell lines and short-term cultures on the non-specific cytotoxic effects of lymphocytes from healthy donors. In parallel studies the effects of FHL1 and PNL on plated melanoma cells from cell lines and short-term cultures were compared. FHL showed more frequent and also stronger cytotoxic and/or growth-inhibiting effects than PNL. On melanoma target cells from cell lines both FHL and PNL showed more frequent and stronger cytotoxic and/or growth-inhibiting effects than on melanoma target cells from short-term cultures. In the individual donors the percentage of monocytes and EAC-rosette-forming cells in FHL was significantly higher than in PNL. A significant correlation was found between multiplication of the melanoma target cells during the period and an increased susceptibility towards lymphocytes from healthy donors. Melanoma target cells from cell lines were not more fragile, or more susceptible to unfavourable culture conditions than cells from short-term cultures, since non-lymphocytic "effector" cells showed much weaker cytotoxic and/or growth-inhibiting effects than lymphocytes from healthy donors. Cytotoxic effects of lymphocytes from healthy donors were also registered on target cells from a mammary carcinoma and an osteosarcoma cell line. No significant differences in the cytotoxic effects of lymphocytes from healthy donor were observed when tested on mycoplasma-contaminated melanoma cells and the same cells made mycoplasma-free. Mitomycin-C-treated lymphocytes retained their cytotoxic effects. Lymphocytes from a healthy donor tested on different occasions on the same melanoma cells from a short-term culture showed an incidental cytotoxic reaction.


Plasma and leucocyte ascorbic acid concentrations in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.


Enhancement by drugs of metastatic lung nodule formation after intravenous tumour cell injection. In studies on a model of induced pulmonary metastasis in mice a tumour host system was analysed which was not affected by immunogenicity of the tumour for the host; neither intensive immunosuppression nor immunization caused a significant change in the quantity of pulmonary metastatic nodules. In contrast the application of cytostatic drugs and of Corynebacterium parvum could modify the pulmonary resistance to the formation of tumour nodules by a factor greater than 100 in either direction. This finding confirms the observation of others that major modification of the resistance to metastatic tumour formation can occur independently of classical immunological mechanisms. Special attention is drawn to the fact that cyclophosphamide enhances the formation of metastatic nodules in this model by factors of 100 to more than 1,000 whereas other cytostatic drugs including the cyclophosphamide congeners iphosphamide and trophosphamide are active only factors between 2 and 12. The possible practical significance of these findings is discussed.


Archetypal dreams and "everyday" dreams: a statistical investigation into Jung's theory of the collective unconscious.


Genesis of the Philadelphia chromosome: possible points of breakage in chromosome.


Relation between chromosomes and mitotic activity in acute myeloid leukemia.


Variation in spotting among the close relatives of the butterfly, Maniola jurtina. A study of spotting in seven related butterfly species in the genera Maniola and Pyronia has been initiated, in the hope of complementing previous work on Maniola jurtina. Marked individual variability has been found in six of the species. Stability of spotting over large areas has not been prominent, but a high degree of apparent geographical variability has been found in four species. Sometimes this has taken the form of clines and sometimes of quantal steps. Some of the quantal changes coincide with the appearance of different "subspecies". Among the incomplete data presented, parallel geographical variation in different species has not been an obvious feature. There have not been enough samples to test for temporal variation in spotting.


Genetic differences between the Chinese and European races of the common carp.I. Analysis of genotype-environment interactions for growth rate. Growth rate of 12 groups of common carp was measured at five experimental environments. Three of the 12 tested groups were strains of the domesticated European race of the common carp, one group was a representative of the Big-Belly Chinese race, and the remaining eight groups were F1 crossbreds among the European strains and between the European and the Chinese races. The average growth rate over the five environments of the Chinese Big-Belly was considerably poorer than that of the European carp. All the inter-race crossbreds and the crossbreds among the European strains showed heterosis. When the genotype-environment interaction was presented as a linear function of the quality of the environment, the regression coefficient (the overall responsiveness parameter) assumed relatively low values in the Big-Belly and two to two-and-a-half fold higher values in the European carp. The overall responsiveness of crossbreds was, on the average, intermediate between the two parents. When, however, it was partitioned into a scale function of the average genotype and specific independent responsiveness, the two components showed a high degree of heterosis but in opposite directions. An explanation of this genetic system in terms of adaptive evolution to the diverse modes of carp domestication in Europe and China was given.


Genetic differences between the Chinese and European races of the common carp. II. Multi-character variation-a response to the diverse methods of fish cultivation in Europe and China. The European and Chinese races of the common carp and their F1 crossbreds were tested in five experimental environments. The two races differ widely and conspicuously in many characters. The Chinese carp has poorer growth rate but higher viability and fertility, earlier sexual maturity, higher resistance to crowding, better adaptation to unfavourable pond conditions, higher seine escapability, longer body and larger weight differences between females and males. The crossbreds between the two races are intermediate in some characters (differences in weight between females and males and seine escapability). In other characters (weight gain, specific adaptation to poor conditions and viability), the crossbreds showed dominance or even heterosis. An hypothesis was advanced to explain these genetic differences in terms of selection response to the different fish-farming practices that existed in the two regions. Specific suggestions were made for implementation of the present findings to genetic improvement of carp breeding stocks.


Selection of sex-ratio and the evolution of sex-determination. Deterministic selection forces operating at a modifier level within a population lead to the establishment of systems of sex-determination which, under a variety of natural conditions, induce sex-ratios close to 1 : 1.


All-female broods in the polymorphic butterfly Danaus chrysippus L. and their ecological significance. Many female Danaus chrysippus produce all-female broods. Of the two common colour forms at Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania, form dorippus usually givs normal broods while more than 50 per cent of form chrysippus tested produced all-female broods. It is suggested that all-female broods are the result of meiotic drive governed by a Y-linked gene and that a dominant autosomal suppressor, closely linked with the forewing colour locus, must be present in the population. As selection for the colour morphs changes with season, the sex ratio also alternates between an excess of females at the start of the rains when population density increases rapidly, and an excess of males, probably through superiour survival, in the driest months. Changes in sex ratio allow the population to alter its numbers very quickly in response to prevailing conditions.


Determination of the environmental sensitivity of selection lines by the selection environment. The parents chosen to continue 10 independent selection lines of Schizophyllum commune over eight successive generations of selection, along with unselected controls, have been retrospectively examined for their response to growth at 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 25 degrees, 30 degrees and 35 degrees C. The regression of rate of growth on temperature was essentially linear over the range 15 degrees to 30 degrees C for all lines in all generations as was also the regression of rate of growth on various biological assessments of the environments over the whole temperature range. Either regression, therefore, provided linear regression coefficients which adequately accounted for the relative sensitivities of the lines to temperature in each generation of selection. These measures of environmental sensitivity confirmed our earlier report that selection for high mean performance in a good environment or for low mean performance in a poor environment leads to selections that are more sensitive to environmental variation than selections for high mean performance in a poor environment or for low mean performance in a good environment. These differences in sensitivity emerge as correlated responses during selection and the magnitude of these correlated responses is higher in the good environment than in the poor environment irrespective of the direction of selection. The environmental sensitivity of selection lines can be modified in either direction as required by either selecting for sensitivity simultaneously with the selection for mean performance or by selecting for mean performance in an above or below average environment. The quality of environments in which artificial selection is usually carried out is likely to have led to high selections with maximum environmental sensitivity and low selections with minimum sensitivity.


Population structure, gene flow and natural selection in populations of Euphydryas phaeton. An examination of seven proteins, presumably encoded by seven structural gene loci, in three local populations of the supposedly sedentary and colonial butterfly, Euphydryas phaeton revealed that three (43 per cent) were polymorphic with three to five alleles each. In addition to this high level of heterozygosity, no statistically significant differences in allele frequencies were found at two of the three polymorphic loci. Since the effective breeding size in each population was estimated to range from as few as 20 to 200 individuals, it appears that some level of gene flow between populations must be invoked to explain the high levels of genetic variability maintained in local populations of this butterfly, despite its apparently colonial nature.


A second look at some data on a cline.

A second look at some data on a cline. The release-recapture data given in table 1 of Kettlewell et al.'s (1969) paper on a cline in the frequencies of the typica and edda morphs of the moth. Amathes glareosa have  been re-analysed. Estimates of daily survival probabilities have been calculated and these have been "explained" in terms of differences between localities of release and the morph involved. The conclusions of Kettlewell et al. (1969) with regard to the survival of the moths have not been confirmed.


Monomorphism and heterozygosity.

Monomorphism and heterozygosity. A myth about the relation between monomorphism and heterozygosity is dispelled: the observed relation provided no evidence for (or against) neutral mutations.


A note on assortative mating and artificial selection. A simple method is presented for determining the effect on the genetic variance of a quantitative trait, of selection followed by various degrees of assortative mating.


Proceedings: The influence of the thymic hormone on osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma.


Letter: Viewpoint on CDA journal.

Letter: Viewpoint on CDA journal.


Suggested standards for the manufacture of pacifiers in Canada.


Educating the dental auxillary: what comes next? A personal view.


No conflict of interest.

No conflict of interest.


The metrics are coming!

The metrics are coming!


Standardization and testing of dental materials and devices.


The development of a standards program in Canada.


Current status of semi-precious and conventional gold alloys in restorative dentistry.


A simple technique for adjusting facebows.


Directional edgewise orthodontic approach. (Part 6).


Orthodontics in Guatemala.

Orthodontics in Guatemala.


A four-step method to distinguish orthodontic changes from natural growth.


Antimalarial drugs and reduced incidence of dental plaque. Known antimalarial compunds from several chemical classes were tested for their ability to inhibit in vitro growth of microorganisms causing dental plaque and to prevent the development of plaque in a hamster model. Approximately a third of the compounds tested inhibited in vitro growth; however, none prevented development of plaque.


Editorial: Tangible evidence of support for the journal.


In vivo tetracycline labeling of experimentally induced reparative dentin in human teeth. Tetracycline hydrocholoride was administered to label reparative dentin in teeth indicated for extraction. Deep cavities or pulp capping performed on the teeth one of four months before extraction served as a stimulus for new dentin formation. Examination of undemineralized sections under ultraviolet light revealed fluorescent bands in the reparative dentin of most teeth. The technique can be safely used in studies of the effects of clinical procedures on the dentin and pulp of human teeth.


Effect of sugar analogues on growth, sugar utilization, and acid production by Streptococcus mutans. Studies on the effect of various structural analogues of glucose of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent sugar transport in Streptococcus mutans showed that sugars with alterations at carbon 2 were markedly inhibitory. Low concentrations of the nonfermentable analogue D-2-deoxyglucose (2-deoxyg) blocked the growth of S mutans in broth media containing various fermentable sugars. Acid production by S mutans from both exogenous glucose and intracellular storage polysaccharide was inhibited by 2-deoxyG. The analogue is bacteriostatic, and large quantities of intracellular 2-deoxyG-6-PO4 accumulate during exposure of S mutans to the sugar.


Mixtures of Elastomer impression materials: II. Measurement of Young's modulus of elasticity and permanent deformation.


Comparison of the effects of linear and cyclic phosphates on the adsorption of proteins by human enamel. Treatment of human enamel powder with cyclic trimetaphosphate or linear tripolyphosphate changes subsequent adsorption of amylase, lysozyme, and salivary protein from aqueous solutions. Treated enamel samples adsorb more lysozyme, less amylase, and more salivary protein (at concentrations exceeding 12 mug/ml) than controls treated with distilled water.


Physical characteristics of a new cleaning and polishing agent for use in a prophylaxips paste. A prophylaxis composition containing a sodium-potassium aluminum silicate abrasive system was evaluated in the laboratory in comparison with several different commercial prophylaxis pastes. The in vitro data indicate that the new composition increases enamel polish and decreases abrasion characteristics without sacrificing cleaning efficacy when compared with the commercial products tested.


Peripheal blood toxicity of topical 5-fluorouracil on the Syrian hamster cheek pouch. Toxicological studies on the peripheral blood after topical application of 5-fluorouracil to the buccal pouch of the Suriam hamster showed that a daily application of 10 mul (9.5 mg) was the maximum ideal dose for this animal. This dose did not depress to a significant degree the white blood cell count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin leve., hematocrit value, or the peripheral differential blood counts after 14 daily applications. Doses of increased concentration either daily or periodically were less effective and toxic.


Labeling index and cell density of aging rat oral tissues.


The HMO Act of 1973. An analysis.

The HMO Act of 1973. An analysis.


Enchancement of the antiplaque value of antibacterial agents by enamel-conditioning methods. I. Rationale, mechanism, and initial findings. A method is proposed to induce chemically the incorporation of bacterial agents inot enamel and thus rende this tissue resistant to bacterial colonization. It consists of promoting a slight initial dissolution of enamel, followed immediately by tis reprecipitation. During this latter phase, antibacterial agents included in the test formulations would become trapped in the reprecipitating enamel. That this happens is proved by the chemical detection of antibacterial agents in treated enamel, as well as by the development of a remarkable resistance of treated specimens to grow in vitro plaque.


The mini-self-assessment program.

The mini-self-assessment program.


A new ethical obligation. Is peer review informing?


Peak electromyographic activity and jaw-closing force in man.


Colored charge-transfer complexes from N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine. Yellow mixtures form on adding essentially colorless N,N-dimethyl-p-toluidine (DMPT) to colorless methacrylate monomers containing phthalate, isophthalate, or terephthalate diester groups. The color-causing interactions between the amines and monomers were investigated using ultraviolet spectroscopy. Equations were derived from predicting interactions between formulation ingredients and DMPT that would lead to undesired color.


Is early graduation sacrificing quality?


Prevalence of malocclusion in young adults of various ethnic backgrounds in Israel.


Predisposition to caries in hamsters following the Erosire effect of a commercial citrus beverage administered with and without supplemental fluoride. A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of a citrus beverage on tooth erosion and predisposition to caries in hamster molars, and to determine if a supplement of 1.9 ppm fluoride to the beverage influences these systems. Results suggest that enamel erosion is a predisposing factor. The addition of physiological fluoride protects the enamel from erosion and caries.


Correlates of permanent tooth development in prenatal time.


Acidogenic potential of cariogenic and noncariogenic diets in the rat. No significant difference in lactic acid content was observed in dood residues removed from the occlusal grooves of rats receiving Purina lab chow or the 62% sucrose cariogenic diet. The incubation of rat saliva with Purina chow, with 62% sucrose diet, or with the 62% sucrose diet  supplemented with carbamyl phosphate, egg shell meal, and the trace elements zinc, molybdenum, and chromium produced in 24 hours essentially the same pH surve. The terminaltitratable acidity observed in saliva incubated with the 62% unsupplemented diet, however, was significantly less than that produced in salivary mixtures containing either Purina chow or supplemented sucrose diets.


A commentary on the mounting cost of dental education.


Dentistry, medicine, pharmacy: treatment interests, ability and socioeconomic index of three stable career groups. Career development literature indicates that many who enter a specific health profession may do so after actively considering one of the other health professions. From a field of 36 variables representing abilities, interests, temperanment, and socioeconomic index, 16 significant variables were found that best differentiate between and among physicians, dentists, and pharmacists. These 16 served as reliable discriminators for predictive classification.


Multiple regression of predictors and criteria of dental school performance. This study reports normative data for 370 students admitted to the UCLA School of Dentistry, data on commonly used performance predictors, and the regression equation best fitted for forecasting performance in this school. Most variance was associated with denatl school grade point average, National Board Dental Examination averages, and clinical performance. Best predictors were achievement level and trend in preadmission academic performance. The selection interview and high school preformance were also evaluated as predictor criteria.


Editorial: Identifiable return: the crux of a dues increase.


Letter: UAW and dental program.

Letter: UAW and dental program.


Locus of control as an indicator of patient cooperation. Implications for preventive dentistry.


Letter: Is root removal necessary?

Letter: Is root removal necessary?


Letter: Acrylic and vinyl resin.

Letter: Acrylic and vinyl resin.


All that beauty.

All that beauty.


Dimethacrylate monomers of aromatic diethers.


Prevention in dental education. Progress, problems, opportunities.


Fluoroxalalostannate complexes: new compounds for topical fluoride therapy with enamel conditioning properties.


What about state boards?

What about state boards?


An educator defends state boards.

An educator defends state boards.


Model practice as a valid research tool for studying actual private practice. Data from the actual private practices of two dentists were compared with respective data from the participation of the same two dentists in a laboratory model of private practice conducted in the University of North Carolina Dental Research Center. The findings show that a laboratory model can be established which accurately reflects the major parameters of an actual private practice.


An estimate of the age of stabilization of the clinical crowns of the permanent incisors.


Electrodes for measuring electrical resistance of teeth.


Effect of selected dietary additives on the incidence of dental caries in the rat. Weanling rats fed a cariogenic diet supplemented with carbamyl phosphate, in combination with egg shell meal and trace elements, showed a striking reduction in the incidence of caries. The cariostatic efficacy of carbamyl phosphate is significant because it stimulates fluid movement within odontoblasts via the hypothalamic-parotid gland endocrine axis.


Anterior tooth attrition in apes.

Anterior tooth attrition in apes.


Federal licensure--a viable alternative?


Distribution of the mandibular incisor-mandibular plane angle in Nubian shoolchildren.


Continuing education: programs in four diverse institutions.


Changing environment of dental practice: National Dental Health Conference examines the problems.


Comprehensive management of the double tooth: report of case. A patient with an abnormal maxillary lateral incisor was treated to restore function and to improve appearance. Although specific classification of the problem into accepted terminology was attempted, the term double tooth was used to define the patient's problem. We have shown that the identification of the specific abnormalities, not the etiologic classification, is important to achieve an effective treatment plan.


Teaching self-examination of the head and neck: another aspect of preventive dentistry. A technique for self-examination of the oral cavity and head and neck has been presented. The technique is simple in its design and yet thorough in its scope. The need for such an examination is established on the incidence of malignancies in this area and the importance of early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. The role of dental auxiliaries and the role of risk factors are discussed.


Some toxicological aspects of sttanous fluoride after ingestion as a clear precipitatefree solution compared to sodium fluoride. Weanling rats were administered 20, 380, and 20,000 ppm F as clear precipitatefree SnF2 solutions. Equivalent ppm F as NaF solution was similarly administered for comparison. The rats were autopsied at the end of the study for histological examination of kidney, liver, and incisors. The pathognomonic manifestations were correlated with the plasma F levels.


Clinical evaluation of the sandpaper disk method for removing fluorosis stains from teeth. The sandpaper disk method for removing fluorosis stains from teeth was clinically evaluated in 93 teeth in 22 patients. A bleaching solution was first applied to the teeth, and then a sandpaper disk in a straight handpiece was rotated on the stained enamel surface. None of the patients complained of discomfort during or after the bleaching procedure.


An embouchure aid for clarinet and saxophone players. An embouchure aid was constructed as a means of bringing relief to the many clarinet and saxophone players who suffer chronic lip irritation as the result of playing their instruments. The device, a removable vinyl plastic matrix to be worn while playing, was designed to fit over the mandibular anterior teeth, thus relieving the pressure of the incisal edges of the teeth against the mucous membrane inside the lower lip. Tested in daily use by clarinet and saxophone players for a one-year period, the matrix proved immediately effective in eliminating lip irritation. Its unique design and construction gives it the additional advantages of being highly durable, as well as technically simple to fabricate and easy to fit.


Editorial: Mandatory continuing education conflicts with true professionalism.


Tooth and body size correlations in macaca nemestrina.


A survey of anesthetic health hazards among dentists. Measurable concentrations of waste anesthetic gases have been found in hospital dental operating rooms. A mail survey of 4,797 general dental practitioners and 2,642 oral surgeons indicated that 20.2% of the general practitioners and 74.8% of the oral surgeons had anesthetic exposures exceeding three hours per week. In the comparison of the health of individuals exposed or unexposed to inhalation anesthetics, there was a significant increase (78%) of spontaneous abortion in the spouses of exposed dentists and a significant increase (156%) in liver disease for exposed dentists. The implication of these findings and possible solutions are discussed.


Letter: Irrationalized endodontics.

Letter: Irrationalized endodontics.


Letter: Success of implants.

Letter: Success of implants.


Letter: On education's pendulum.

Letter: On education's pendulum.


Letter: Promotion of prevention.

Letter: Promotion of prevention.


Letter: Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome.


The illegal dental mechanic movement.

The illegal dental mechanic movement.


Becoming a public health dentist--or life begins at thirty.


The location and incidence of accessory pulpal canals in periodontal pockets. One hundred permanent human teeth, extracted because of periodontal disease, were studied to determine the percentage of teeth in which accessory canals were located within a periodontal pocket. Pocket depth and other data were recorded before the extractions. After extraction, the pulpal contents were removed and pulp chambers and canals filled with a radiopaque material by an injection process. The teeth were radiographed from different angles to observe the accessory canals. Ten teeth also were studied histologically to compare the results with those obtained by the injection technique. Several conclusions were drawn from this study. Two percent of the 100 teeth studied had accessory canal located within a periodontal pocket. Seventeen percent of the teeth examined had one accessory canal, 6% had two accessory canals, and no teeth had more than two accessory canals. As groups, mandibular premolars and mandibular molars had the highest percentage of teeth exhibiting accessory canals, and maxillary molars and mandibular incisors had the lowest percentage of teeth with accessory canals. The histologic evaluation and the injection technique study showed a direct correlation as to the presence or absence of accessory canals. It was impossible to make any correlation between restorations, caries, attrition, or type of periodontal bone loss and the presence of accessory canals found in periodontal pockets.


A teamwork approach to correct a severe prosthodontic problem. Treatment for a patient with a severe Class II malocclusion, maxillary anterior protrusion, left maxillary posterior overeruption with resultant loss of intermaxillary space, and an undesirable plane of occlusion has been presented. Through the combined approaches of oral surgery and restorative dentistry, the patient was successfully treated without the loss of multiple posterior teeth.


Patterns of metastases in adenocarcinomas of man. An autopsy study of 4,728 cases. This paper deals with 4,728 autopsy records collected at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Department of Pathology. 1,436 adenocarcinomas provided the data to test whether certain adenocarcinomas had a higher propensity to seed metastatic organs than others. The data were subdiveded into four categories depending on the presence or absence of metastases at two keysites, i.e., lungs and liver. Metastatic keysites are defined as those organs whose chances of being seeded are the highest. Only adenocarcinomas were chosen to deal with the main theme discussed in the paper, i.e. soil specificity. "Soil specificity" is defined as a higher than expected occurrence of metastases at a particular organ, due to a primary adenocarcinoma, when compared to the overall group of adenocarcinomas. The location of the primary tumor and of the metastatic organ were taken into account to distinguish between a higher propensity to seed an organ either because of its anatomical proximity to the primary tumor or because of an affinity, possibly of biochemical nature. The presence or absence of metastases in lungs and liver clarifies the mode of spread of metastases, either by a direct spread, or by a cascade process which implies that no generalized metastases occur unless the lungs and liver are seeded.


Decrease in experimental liver metastasis in mice after treatment with pyran copolymer. Intravenous injection of pyran copolymer (divinyl ether-maleic anhydride) 24 h prior to intravenous injection of B16 melanoma in C57/BL6 mice greatly decreased the number of liver metastases. If the pyran copolymer was administered 3 days after injection of tumor cells, the number of metastases was not significantly decreased. Pyran copolymer has been reported to stimulate interferon production and increase clearance of particulate matter by the reticuloendothelial system. The results of this experiment suggests an important role played by the reticuloendothelial system in experimental liver metastasis.


Total-body irradiation and human chromosomes. V. Additional evidence of a transferable substance in the plasma of irradiated persons to induce chromosomal breakages. A substance (or substances) produced or activated by total-body irradiation in man and capable of affecting the chromosomes for an extended time has been postulated. Leukocytes from normal persons were cultured with autologous plasma, homologous plasma or serum from patients irradiated 10.5 years previously. Thirty (5.5%) chromosomal breaks were found in the 550 metaphases from the control cultures, 152 (13%) in the 1,175 metaphases from the irradiated plasma cultures and 130 (12%) in the 1,100 metaphases from the irradiated serum cultures. This finding confirms and extends our previous observation that plasma from total-body irradiated persons is capable of inducing chromosomal breakage in normal leukocytes even 10.5 years after the irradiation.


A new TEAM in town.

A new TEAM in town.


Tax tips.

Tax tips.


Causes of death in cancer patients.

Causes of death in cancer patients. Causes of death in the year 1970 were analyzed retrospectively on the basis of clinical and pathologic reports of 506 cases in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute and Hospital. The single major cause of death was infection (36%), which was also a contributory factor in an additional 68% of the cases. Other important causes of death were hemorrhagic and thromboembolic phenomena (18%), which also were contributory factors in an additional 43%. Organ invasion by neoplastic cells including hepatic failure was the major cause of death in 10% and was a contributory factor in 5%. Cachexia was reported as major cause of death in 1% and as contributory factor in 0.4%. Respiratory failure due to various causes (including aspiration) was the main mechanism of death in 19% and a contributory factor in 3%. Cardiovascular insufficiency was the major cause of death in 7% and a contributory factor in 3%.


Localization of the motor cells in the spinal cord of Macaca cyclopis (Swinhoe). I. The spinal motor cells in the lumbosacral enlargement for the femoral, obturator, tibial, common peroneal and sciatic nerves.


The rubber dam, again...and again, and again.


Autonomic neuropathy of the adrenal gland of rats after alloxan diabetes. Six alloxan-diabetic male rats with blood glucose levels between 250 and 420% were sacrificed. Their adrenal glands were extracted and studied by Holmes technique and the modified Gross Bielschowsky stain. Degenerative changes in the nerve fibres ending in the cortex and those reaching the medulla were noticed together with chromatolysis of the chromaffin cells. These findings are similar to the autonomic neuropathies described by other workers in the digestive tract and urinary bladder. This work gives histological evidence of the biochemical findings of reduced plasma catecholamines in longstanding human diabetics.


Radioimmunoassay of serum triiodothyronine in a Chinese population.


Indirect assessment of left ventricular performance in heart failure. A comparative study on non-digitalized, digitalized and over-digitalized groups.


New challenges for dental auxiliaries in Indiana.


Preventive dentistry for young people.

Preventive dentistry for young people.


Head injury in infants and children.

Head injury in infants and children.


Management of arterial injury among civilians.


A study on gastrointestinal transit time in Taiwan population.


A study of the inpatients length of stay and expenditure at the National Taiwan University Hospital.


Therapeutic touch; an ancient, but unorthodox nursing intervention.


Oral ability to recognize forms and oral motor ability in 11-year-old children. Oral ability to recognize forms and oral motor ability were examined in twenty children, aged 11 years, with normal occlusion. In the RF-test (recognition of form) the children identified the test pieces quicker but with a higher frequency of misidentification of the test pieces than a group of 17-year-old boys studied earlier. The effect of learning on the children was substantial with much quicker and greater certainty from one examination to another. Identification time and misidentification were positively correlated (individuals with long identification time also had a high frequency of errors). In the MA-test (oral motor ability) the children required a longer time to assemble the halves of the test pieces than did 17-year-old boys. A considerable effect of learning was found in the MA-test. The results of the RF-test and the MA-test varied independently of each other for which reason the two tests measure different components of oral ability.


Collapse of the occlusion--aetiology, symptomatology and treatment.


Oral ability to recognize forms and oral muscular coordination ability in dentulous young and elderly adults. A study has been carried out to investigate possible between a group of dentulous young adults (average 22-5 years of age) and a group of dentulous elderly individuals (65-9 years), when attempting to recognize forms orally and to carry out tasks which demand a fine-coordination of the oral muscular apparatus. The results showed, that the older group had reduced ability for both forms of tests used in this study (RF-test for estimating the oral ability to recognize forms, and MA-test to estimate oral muscular ability). The reduced capacity of the older individuals to learn the requirements of the tests as compared with the younger ones, was especially obvious. Furthermore, individual differences in this respect were more obvious for the older than for the younger examinees. The suggestion is made that in further studies the number of trial-rounds may be reduced from three to two, certainly for older individuals and for both the RF- and the MA-test. Because of the obvious correlation between the results of the RF- and the MA-test among older individuals, it is concluded that both forms of tests may measure common or closely related factors, which are reflected by these tests.


Electrochemistry of the saline corrosion of conventional dental amalgams. The electrochemical behaviour of the component phases of dental amalgam, viz. Ag3Sn(gamma),Ag2Hg3(gamma1), Sn7-8Hg(gamma2),Cu3Sn, Cu6Sn5 and a composite of gamma1 + gamma2 phases were evaluated in saline solution by standard anodic polarization techniques. Using multi-electrode theory a theoretical polarization diagram was constructed from the composite phases and compared with an anodic polarization profile attained from conventional dental amalgam. A strong agreement was obtained. From analysis of the electrochemical reactions it was found that the passivity of gamma2 is due to the formation of stannous and/or stannic oxide (hydroxide) and that the corrosion failure of dental amalgam occurs through the dissolution of this passive oxide in gamma2 at potentials of minus 250 mV Vs. SCE with the formation of tine oxychloride. The corrosion behaviour of Cu6Sn5 is similar to that of gamma2 phase and its presence impairs the corrosion resistance of dental amalgam. If the copper containing phase is Cu3Sn, it will be passive in Ringer's solution, possibly as a result of Tamman's "multiple rule of eight".


In vitro chloride corrosion behaviour of Dispersalloy. The in vitro chloride corrosion behaviour of Dispersalloy has been investigated by anodic polarization as a function of time after trituration (ageing) and compared with conventional dental amalgam. Dispersalloy is a commercial alloy containing a mechanical mixture of Ag-3-Sn and Ag-Cu eutectic in the ratio 2:1. From measurement of 1 h corrosion potentials it was observed that over a time period of 1 year Dispersalloy became appreciably more noble (potential shift from minus 500 mV to minus 350 mV Vs. SCE), whereas the corrosion potential of conventional amalgam remains unchanged. Initial anodic polarization profiles for Dispersalloy indicated presence of gamma2 and Cu-6-Sn-5 phases as evidenced by presence of the minus 250 mV peak. However, the current density associated with this peak was about three times less than that of conventional amalgam. As a function of ageing time the polarization profile is shifted in the direction of decreasing current density and after 1 year the minus 250 mV peak is absent. The anodic polarization profile of conventional amalgam is unchanges after 1 year. The improved corrosion resistance of Dispersalloy is attributed to the formation of Cu-3-Sn as a function of time due to solid state reaction between Ag-Cu eutectic and gamma2.


The primary factor of the creep resistance of dispersant amalgams.


Electrochemical properties of copper and gold containing dental amalgams. Alloying or admixing of a dental amalgam alloy with an element or alloy which has a higher affinity for tin offers a means for eliminating the corrosion prone gamma2 phase. Accordingly, the corrosion behaviour of non-conventional amalgams containing Cu and Au were investigated by anodic polarization studies in Ringer's solution. The Cu containing amalgams were produced by admixing Cu-Hg (copper amalgam) with conventional amalgam in the ratios of 0-5:1 and 1:1. A 10 w/o Au in Ag-3-Sn was used as the gold amalgam alloy. The anodic polarization profile of the 0-5:1 Cu admixed was similar in shape to admixed conventional amalgams although current densities were less. After ageing for 1 month the minus 250 mV peak associated with gamma2 disappeared and the current density decreased by ten fold. After 2 months the current density decreased by one hundred fold. The anodic polarization of the 1:1 Cu admixed amalgams did not display the minus 250 mV (gamma2) peak after 1 week and current densities were 10-3 below that of conventional amalgams. The behaviour of these interesting amalgams is rationalized on the basis of the ease of formation of Cu-Sn intermetallics where Cu/Sn larger than or equal to 3. The anodic polarization profile of 10 w/o Au containing amalgam essentially is that of conventional amalgam and does not change drastically after 6 months. Although the Au may reduce or eliminate the gamma2 phase the resulting AuSn4 apparently corrodes in an analogous fashion. However, since distribution of AuSn4 may be different from gamma2, i.e. not continuous, the effect of corrosion on its mechanical properties may be different.


Some effects of experimental hyperactivity of the mandibular locomotor system in man.


Chronic disseminated histiocytosis X of adulthood clinically mimicking subacute osteomyelitis.


Doughing time of heat-cured dental acrylic resins and its dependence on polymer particle size distribution.


Analgesic utilization following dental surgery procedures.


Screening in a dental clinic for adult rheumatoid arthritis involving the temporomandibular joint using a statistical discriminant function. The radiological features seen on the temporomandibular joint radiographs of ninety-nine cases of adult rheumatoid arthritis were used to distinguish this group from a group of eighty-three control subjects using the method of logistic discrimination. A readily calculable diagnostic score, whose value was verified by a second study involving thirty-two patients, sixteen of whom suffered from adult rheumatoid arthritis, was estimated. This second study was further used to illustrate how this scoring system would be modified to take account of extra information. Although a long term evaluation of the method is envisaged its clinical application is indicated and its practical value demonstrated.


Editorial: The practice of moonlighting.


Letter: Opposition to NH1 Urged.

Letter: Opposition to NH1 Urged.


Letter: The status of oral surgery.

Letter: The status of oral surgery.


Middle-third facial osteotomies: their use in the correction of acquired and developmental dentofacial and  craniofacial deformities. A method to describe middle-third dentofacial and craniofacial deformities systematically and more specifically is presented. Those middle-third dentofacial and craniofacial deformities that occur most frequently are discussed. Eight cases illustrate the methods of clinical, cephalometric, and occlusal evaluation, as well as the various surgical approaches and results of treatment.


Patient consent procedures for dental care. Informed consent is a poorly developed concept in dentistry. The dentist should initiate discussion on the information reasonable patients may need to make a decision on a specific treatment or on whether they will accept treatment from that particular dentist. As a minimum, dentists should be required to explain the treatment, benefits, and probable complications as well as possible alternatives. Increasingly, malpractice actions are being decided on these grounds and, thus far, little guidance is available to conscientious dental practitioner.


A comprehensive head and neck examination of 350 patients.


Myxomatous tumors of the jaws.

Myxomatous tumors of the jaws.


The plunging ranula.

The plunging ranula.


Inexpensive osteotomes for orthognathic surgery.


Reconstruction of the orbital floor with chrome-cobalt mesh.


A simple probe for cryosurgical therapy for hemangiomas.


Letter: Oral surgeons not overtrained.

Letter: Oral surgeons not overtrained.


Antibiotic efficacy in odontogenic infections. Cultures and antibiotic sensitivities were determined for 84 patients in the oral surgery clinic who had diagnoses of odontogenic infections. Data tabulated from the results of the bacteriologic cultures and antibiotic sensitivities disclosed the five organisms most frequently involved. Antibiotic efficacy for each of the antibiotics used in sensitivity determinations was calculated on the basis of the percent sensitivity of a given organism to the given antibiotic, and the percent of patients with infections resulting from the given organism, both expressed as decimals. Antibiotics were then arranged in order of greatest to least efficacy on the basis of chloramphenicol as 100 percent. Efficacy values, sigma and lambda, were compared for the antibiotics. It was concluded that those antibiotics below penicillin on the efficacy table were less useful in the initial antibiotic treatment of odontogenic infections. Chloramphenicol was effective against every microorganism isolated during this investigation, but its use should be tempered with clinical judgment. Erythromycin should be given consideration as a replacement for penicillin as the preferred drug in the initial treatment of odontogenic infections on the basis of its high efficacy rating and freedom from potentially serious allergic or other untoward manifestations.


Editorial: The doppelganger phenomenon.

Editorial: The doppelganger phenomenon.


Trigeminal neuralgia: treatment by repetitive peripheral neurectomy. Supplemental report. Peripheral neurectomy affords a conservative method of relieving the pain of trigeminal neuralgia. Although the relief is temporary, the procedure can be repeated when the pain recurs. At Ochsner Clinic, 162 neurectomies were performed on 88 patients between 1956 and 1971. This includes 112 neurectomies performed on 63 patients between 1956 and 1965 from the previous report. This form of treatment is particularly indicated for an aged or severely debilitated patient in whom craniotomy is contraindicated. The total pain-free period obtained from repeated peripheral neurectomies is significant and justifies the use of the procedure. The median pain-free period among the 88 patients was 41 months with a mean of 52.5 months.


Myositis ossificans progressiva: a diagnostic problem.


Treatment of orbital fractures by an infraorbital-transantral approach.


Management of shotgun wound of the symphysis.


Surgical draping of the nasoendotracheal tube.


Antibiotic treatment of oral anaerobic infections.


Occlusal force discrimination by denture patients. A study was conducted on subjects with conventional dentures and with overlay dentures to compare their abilities to discriminate between occlusal forces. Perpendicular forces were applied to the dynamic center of the occlusal table of the mandibular denture. Each subject's ability to distinguish differences in values of force was observed and recorded. All subjects with dentures showed sensory threshold values close to those reported for natural teeth. A graphic plotting showed that the responses of subjects with overlay-type dentures were more closely correlated with the psychophysical law as expressed by Stevens as a power function. Since this phenomenon holds true for natural teeth, the overlay denture more closely resembles natural teeth in this type of sensory function than does the conventional denture. In addition to recognized advantages, such as preservation of the ridge and improved retention and stability, the overlay denture provides more typical sensory function than is provided by the conventional denture. This advantage should further motivate dentists and patients to consider the retention and utilization of at least two suitable teeth in an overlay-type denture service.


Evaluation of an electrosonic denture cleaner. The effectiveness of an electrosonic denture cleansing system and a commercially available denture soaking agent was studies. An experimental sample of 32 edentulous patients was evaluated for presence of plaque and calculus on their dentures before and after the introduction of two different cleaning methods. Comparisons of plaque scores between test dentures and control dentures indicated that all the methods studies were equally effective in the prevention of plaque and accretions, yet no method eliminated plaque or calculus accumulation.


Measuring the rate of wear of artificial teeth in complete dentures.


Facings in removable partial dentures.

Facings in removable partial dentures.


Differential accuracy of silicone-body interocclusal records and associated weight loss due to volatiles.


Prosthodontic management of the cleft-palate patient. Unlike some of the disciplines involved in the treatment of the cleft-palate patient, prosthodontics can have application from birth to death. Prosthodontic care never ends. Once surgical care or speech therapy has been completed, the need for follow-up care is ended unless specific problems manifest. With prosthodontic care, not only a restoration of the anatomic, physiologic, and cosmetic deficiencies but also a continual vigilance for signs of dental and periodontal problems must be undertaken. Preventive care is imperative if long-term preservation of the supporting structures and the well-being of the patient are to be attained.


Radiographic investigations into temporomandibular joint function. A three-phase investigation was conducted to learn more about the suspension mechanism of the temporomandibular joint with the aid of radiographs. Results indicate that superior condylar displacement occurs in most patients with unsupported closing muscle force and that condylar translation occurs during hinge opening for some patients. This study revealed that the condylar mechanism is not immutable. The superior condylar displacement produced by unsupported muscle force raises doubts about the whole understanding of the suspension mechanism of the temporomandibular joint and the clinical techniques associated with it.


Dialogue--a treatment modality.

Dialogue--a treatment modality. The findings and philosophy as to why a purposeful interview conducted in the dental office is desirable for the problem patient have been presented. Rapport and meaningful dialogue between dentists and patients are the first steps necessary for successful treatment. Conducting the interview with problem patients in the dental operatory may lead to one-way communication, from the dentist to the patient. The finest clinical oral health procedures may be doomed to failure when patients see themselves more as spectators than as participants in their planned over-all health care.


Measurement of appetite disturbances in psychiatric disorders.


Editorial: Physician responsibility in child abuse.


The physiology of the uterine tube.

The physiology of the uterine tube.


Pleuropulmonary amebiasis.

Pleuropulmonary amebiasis.


Allergic reactions to stinging insects: a review.


Lymphosarcoma presenting as salivary gland tumor.


False aneurysm of the profundus femoral artery following nail-plate fixation for intertrochanteric fracture of the hip.


The health professions and child abuse and neglect. A guide to fulfilling the legal responsibilities of the medical profession in cases of suspected child abuse or neglect.


Early diagnosis of latent phlebitis.

Early diagnosis of latent phlebitis.


Diagnostic ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology.


Ultrasound diagnosis--new diagnostic tool for your patients.


Employee tuberculosis control in a predominately tuberculosis hospital.


Hypothermia in organophosphate poisoning and response to PAM.


Editorial: Ultrasound diagnosis.

Editorial: Ultrasound diagnosis.


Rocky Mountain spotted fever advisory.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever advisory.


President's page.

President's page.


Fiberoptic colonoscopy.

Fiberoptic colonoscopy.


No prison for her spirit.

No prison for her spirit.


Colposcopy experience in a community hospital indigent service.


Thrombosis of the splenic vein with secondary rupture of the spleen.


Message of the President to the House of Delegates.


The President's farewell address.

The President's farewell address.


Ainhum (dactylolysis spontanea): report of a case.


Premonitory symptoms and signs of leukemic infiltrations in the central nervous system in children.


Editorials: Country doctor II.

Editorials: Country doctor II.


Serotoninergic control of rat growth hormone secretion. The ability of 5-hydroxyl-L-tryptophan (5-HTP) or pentobarbital anesthesia to elevate rat serum GH levels is completely blocked by the simultaneous administration of the serotonin antagonist cyprophepatidine, as well as by the pineal gland principles melatonin and 5-methoxytryptamine (5-MT), and by the 0-methylated dopamine derivative  3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine (DMPEA). Small doses of 5-MT cause paradoxical elevations in serum rat GH but at the same time inhibit the action of 5-HTP. Blockade of dopaminergic pathways by treatment with either DMPEA or chlorpromazine causes a slight, nonsignificant suppression of serum GH in normal rats while serum prolactin levels are increased greater than tenfold showing that, unlike prolactin, rat GH is not subject to tonic inhibitory control by dopamine. The data presented support the recently advanced hypothesis that rat GH is under serotoninergic CONTROL AND DEMONSTRATE THAT GH secretion can be significantly suppressed by serotoninergic blockade. It is suggested that the results presented here for monoamine control of rat GH release are not a variance with those reported for man.


Carcinoma of biliary tree. I. Carcinoma of gallbladder.


Aminoglycoside antibiotics. Selected aspects of antibacterial activity and pharmacology.


Congenital chylothorax. Recommendations for treatment.


Radiologic anatomy of heart. Simplified approach.


Elective termination of pregnancy. Evaluation of fetal lung maturity for lowering risk.


Normal blood gases. Respiratory failure.


Neurologic manifestations in acute leukemia. I. Symptoms due to increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure and hemorrhage.


Case reports: Fail-safe modification of spontaneous PEEP system.


Truncus Arteriosus; long-term survival.

Truncus Arteriosus; long-term survival.


Transfusion-induced malaria after open-heart surgery.


Variations in acute glaucoma.

Variations in acute glaucoma.


School health services of future. Need of comprehensive planning.


Ingested foreign bodies.

Ingested foreign bodies.


Metastatic tumor in bone-marrow biopsy.

Metastatic tumor in bone-marrow biopsy.


Distal large bowel resection and anastomosis. Mortality and morbidity rates.


Carcinoma of cervix. Evaluation of treatment in community hospital.


Spinal-cord injury rehabilitation. New approaches.


Second trimester abortions. Review of four procedures.


Metabolic disease. Behavioral aspects.

Metabolic disease. Behavioral aspects.


Electrocardiograms of the month.

Electrocardiograms of the month.


Toxoplasmosis.

Toxoplasmosis.


Pericardial injury demonstrated by sinogram of abdominal stabwound.


Carcinoma of aberrant axillary breast tissue.


Spontaneous closure of secundum atrial septal defect.


Allergy to human semen.

Allergy to human semen.


Balloon catheter technique. For removing foreign bodies from heart and great vessels.


Plasmacytoma cell ascites.

Plasmacytoma cell ascites.


Punishment or rehabilitation?

Punishment or rehabilitation?


Prisons of the future.

Prisons of the future.


Personality disorder: a challenge for the future. Young persons with life long pattern of maladaptive behaviour present to the health and social services with multiple disabilities. These include suicidal behaviours, drug abuse (alcohol and opiates), VA, motorvehicle accidents, repeated failure of close personal relationship (including marriage), job failure, repeated delinquency, criminal violence (including battering babies), and failure to cooperate with medical care. Conspicuous parental discord is the major causal influence, thus explaining transmission to successive generations. Regarding marital disharmony as a major public health hazard may diminish expensive human misery and reduce crime.


An epidemiological study of pulmonary disease in preschool Rarotongan children. A survey of 2143 preschool children in Rarotonga was carried out in 1971. Pulmonary infections were common and no precise cause could be identified. There was widespread occurrence of intestinal parasites with lung phases of development. The implications of this are discussed.


Neuroendocrine relationships: anatomical and evolutionary considerations.


Further studies on the anti-luteotrophic effects of intrahypothalamic pituitary grafts in rats.


Editorial: Health service proposals.

Editorial: Health service proposals.


Letter: Septic abortion and IUD.

Letter: Septic abortion and IUD.


Letter: Bell's palsy and the role of the physiotherapist.


Letter: The medical association of New Zealand.


Undetected latrogenic hypothyroidism: a late complication of radio-iodine therapy. The thyroid status of 317 patients treated with radioactive iodine between 1951 and December 1971 was investigated. Information was obtained on 236 patients and hypothyroidism, either treated or untreated, was present in 48 percent of women and 37 percent of men at mean follow-up intervals of 5.5 and 4.4 years respectively. Ninety-four of the 241 patients still alive were assessed personally by clinical examination and serum thyroxine assay, and 10 were found to have previously undiagnosed hypothyroidism. Seven of these patients had symptoms and in five these symptonms were the cause of significant distress. The importance of undertaking a long term review programme following radioactive iodine therapy is emphasised.


The value of research: Its implications for the wellington cancer and medical research institute.


Serial hexachlorophene blood levels in the premature infant. The concentration of hexachlorophene was determined in serial blood samples taken from seven premature infants washed with pHisoHex. Results indicated that after a single wash with 5ml of pHisoHex, blood concentrations reached a maximum of 0.75-1.20mug/ml two to four days after application. The results obtained in this study confirm that the dermal absorption of hexachlorophene is greater in premature than in full-term infants. Use of hexachlorophene for infants. Use of hexachlorophene for infants of birth weight less than 2kg has now been discontinued at Queen Mary Hospital and the amount of pHisoHex used in the initial toileting of infants with birth weight more than 2kg has been limited to a single application of 5ml.


Editorial: NZHS Consultations and the Medical Association.


An exploratory study of some behavioural consequences of insulin induced hypoglycaemia. The performance of 13 hospitalised patients, either obese or with suspected pituitary disorder, was compared on a selection of tasks involving motor conordination, visual organisation, immediate memory, and reasoning, both before and after intravenous insulin significantly lowered their blood sugar levels. Only motor co-ordination and immediate recall were significantly affected by lowering the blood sugar level, although the speed at which logical problems were solved, was reduced. Results were compared with those of other factors known to result in a wide variety of performance decrements.


Postgastrectomy problems with special emphasis on metabolic derangements: A survey of recent literature.


Letter: Cannabis misuse.

Letter: Cannabis misuse.


Total maxillary osteotomy for cleft palate rehabilitation. The Obwegeser/Perko modification of the high horizontal osteotomy for management of mature cleft palate/cleft lip patients is described in detail. Careful evaluation and treatment planning preoperatively are stressed. Three cases which emphasize the need for individual tailoring of the maxillary procedure are presented. Results were found to be uniformly good, with few complications. In that the skeletal deformity of maxillary micrognathia/retrognathia is readily corrected by high horizontal osteotomy, this procedure is an ideal modality for the late rehabilitation of the patient with a cleft palate.


Editorial: Hepatitis--an occupational hazard?


Editorial: What's it worth?

Editorial: What's it worth?


Pleasants' disease.

Pleasants' disease.


"Education is self-education".

"Education is self-education".


Public education. Pain control in dentistry.


The effects of zinc on ectopic bone formation. The effect of dietary zinc deficiency was studies in ectopic bone formation subsequent to Achilles tenotomy and also following the implantation of demineralized bone matrix in the muscle of rats. Three experiments were performed. The first was designed to investigate the relationship between zinc and calcium concentration during the formation of ectopic bone in rats fed a commercial laboratory ration, the second concerned the effects of dietary zinc deficiency on ectopic bone formation, and the third studies the subsequent effects of dietary zinc repletion on ectopic bone formation. The results indicated that, with the commercial ration, zinc increased concomitantly with calcium during ectopic bone formation in rats. Dietary zinc deficiency caused a retardation of ectopic bone formation and a significant reduction of in situ zinc and calcium concentration. Dietary zinc repletion to zinc-deficient animals restored the zinc concentration in ectopic bone to a level comparable to that of zinc-sufficient animals. Thus, these experiments present strong evidence that zinc plays an active role in bone metabolism.


Paget's disease of bone. Report of a case.


When your patient has a pacemaker.

When your patient has a pacemaker.


Central myxofibrosarcoma of the mandible treated by radical resection.


Maxillary sinusitis mimicking malignant disease. The diagnostic features of both maxillary sinusitis and neoplastic disease of the antrum are described. In most cases the clinical and radiographic evidence will lead to the correct diagnosis. However, in the two cases presented here, the clinical and radiographic evidence of neoplastic disease of the maxillary sinus was not confirmed by biopsy and histologic examination. The significant fact that radiographic evidence of bone destruction of the antral walls can occur in maxillary sinusitis is discussed. This sign, together with a unilateral epistaxis, must always be considered as evidence of neoplastic disease of the maxillary sinus. Where there is any doubt, biopsy must be performed.


Letter: The Sargenti N2 method.

Letter: The Sargenti N2 method.


A clinical appraisal of intraosseous dental anesthesia.


Etiology, incidence and effects of agenesis and its clinical implications.


Retrosternal parathyroid adenomas manifesting in the form of a giant-cell "tumor" of the mandible. The clinical features of primary hyperparathyroidism have been discussed. A case has been reported which presented many of the classic signs of the disease, including renal stones, duodenal ulcer, muscle weakness, and a swelling in the jaw. The problems of diagnosis and localization of adenoma have been discussed, and reference has been made to new diagnostic techniques using radiologic control and selective venous catheterization. The literature has been briefly reviewed and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment has been stressed.


Uninherited dentinogenesis imperfecta.

Uninherited dentinogenesis imperfecta. The rare hereditary disease, dentinogenesis imperfecta, is a disturbance of dentin formation in both the deciduous and permanent dentitions. It may be associated with osteogenesis imperfecta, though it is probably that the two diseases are carried by different genes. This association was recognized in a 19-year-old man. Dentinogenesis imperfecta had been diagnosed at the age of 6 and had been regarded as a mutation; 11 years later, an atypical form of osteogenesis imperfecta developed. The case is atypical because of the apparent absence of dentinogenesis imperfecta in the patient's family. The dental manifestations may have heralded the bone disease.


Oral-facial-digital syndrome. A family case report. A familial case report of oral-facial-digital I syndrome affecting three generations is presented. The pedigree analysis substantiates that this syndrome is lethal for the male. The abnormal physical findings in the affected persons were predominantly associated with the oral structures. The need for early identification and diagnosis is imperative in the management of the affected females. This approach assists in the control of serious dental complications and allows for a professional overview of the growth and development of facial form. Also, supportive counseling acts as an aid in the control of emotional disturbances that can be associated with physical form and function. Since this syndrome is transmitted as an X-linked dominant affecting females, genetic counseling becomes a necessity in the care and management of the family and affected patients.


Quality control programs.

Quality control programs.


Ultrastructure of the keratinizing and calcifying odontogenic cyst. Four types of cells in the keratinizing and calcifying odontogenic cyst can be identified. The "basal cell" and "stellate reticulum-type cell" contained various amounts of tonofilaments and organelles. The "ghost cell" contained coarse bundles of tonofilaments intermingled with dilated membranous organelles. The "hornified cell" contained densely packed tonofilaments. Calcification of the ghost cell and hornified cell occurred with concomitant calcification of the adjacent collagen.


The eastern training conference on team dentistry. A report.


Calcifying odontogenic cyst.

Calcifying odontogenic cyst. The calcifying odontogenic cyst may present some problems of differential diagnosis, both clinically and histopathologically. The present article reports the case of a calcifying odontogenic cyst in the maxilla of a 54-year-old woman. The histopathologic examination showed that structures characteristic of calcifying odontogenic cyst and odontogenic tumor of ameloblastoma-like appearance occurred simultaneously. The lesion was benign. After surgical removal of the cyst, the wound healed uneventfully and the region was free of symptoms 12 months postoperatively.


Letter: Reciprocity again.

Letter: Reciprocity again.


Comparison of tissue response between a synthetic gutta-percha and a natural gutta-percha endodontic filler. Biologic acceptance is one of several criteria that must be met by an endodontic filling material. The purpose fo this experiment was to compare a new filling material consisting of a synthetic gutta-percha with a standard material consisting of natural gutta-percha. Each sample, being an endodontic point, contained a quantity of fillers. The materials were implanted subcutaneously in male white rats. The histologic appearance was essentially identical for both materials.


Simple bone cyst. Report of two cases.

Simple bone cyst. Report of two cases. Two cases of simple bone cyst are presented. The first is unusual because of its radiologic appearance simulating ameloblastoma and its prolonged healing time, requiring surgical intervention on several occasions. The second is presented because of the occurrence of bilateral cysts, of which there are only eight other reported cases. It is postulated that the first case might represent a single large simple bone cyst that had several chambers with tenuous connections or that it might be an example of multiple simple bone cysts in close proximity.


A clinical evaluation of a dentifrice.

A clinical evaluation of a dentifrice.


Totally inverted mesiodens.

Totally inverted mesiodens.


Radiologic examination of trismus as a complication of cancrum oris. In the radiologic examination of trismus complicating cancrum oris, abnormalities can be detected in the soft tissues, osseous tissues, and temporomandibular joint. In the soft tissue, scar formation may show as a depression in the normal smooth, convex contour of the lateral aspect of the face. There may be a myositis ossificans in the soft tissue, producing bony bars that lead to extra-articular ankylosis. By far the most important changes are in the temporomandibular joint, where there can be varying degrees of joint narrowing, sclerosis of the articular cortex, flattening of the mandibular condyle and occasionally also of the eminentia articularis, osteophytosis, and intra-articular bony ankylosis. Hypoplasia may involve the entire hemimandible or be restricted to its condyloid process. The latter may lead to compensatory enlongation and hypertrophy of the coronoid process. Bony ankylosis of the coronoid process to the posterior wall of the maxilla was seen in three cases. The pathogenesis of these changes is discussed.


Dentistry in Israel.

Dentistry in Israel.


Editorial: More on fluorides.

Editorial: More on fluorides.


Growth of human cancer cells as lung metastases in immunologically tolerant rats. Newborn rats were made tolerant to human cell antigens by intravenous injection of Amnion B cells, a permanet human cell line of normal origin. At various intervals thereafter each animal, and nontolerant litter mate controls were challenged by SC and IV injections of the malignant human cell line J-III. Tumor nodules of J-III cells grew SC and in the lungs of most of the tolerant rats challenged at ages from 7 to 14 days, but not in their controls. Challenge at age 19 days produced SC tumors but there was no growth from the IV inoculum.


Inhibition of Friend virus (FVP)-induced erythropoiesis by an erythropoiesis-inhibitory factor (EIF). An erythropoietin-independent murine erythroleukemia (FVp) has been used to evaluate the effects of an erythropoiesis-inhibitory factor (EIF) isolated from human urine. The consequent inhibition of FVp-induced erythropoiesis suggests that EIF exerts its effect independently of ESF. The inhibitory effect of EIF on FVp-induced erythropoiesis may reveal a potential for the physiological control of some types of erythroleukemia.


Acute monomyelocytic leukemia presenting as a felon. Case report. We present a case of acute leukemic infiltration in the distal phalanx of the thumb, resulting in a chronic felon with bone involement.


Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy in Pulmonary Metastases. Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy is most commonly encountered in association with bronchogenic carcinoma and tumors of the pleura. Its association with pulmonary metastases from extrathoracic neoplasms is rare, with only 44 documented cases in the literature. Three additional cases are reported. Nearly half of the reported cases have been sarcomas, mainly of bone and soft tissues; among the rest are tumors of the nasopharynx and uterus and cervix. It has recently been noted that symptoms can be dramatically relieved by intrathoracic or cervical vagotomy.


Characterization of R-type vitamin B12-binding proteins by isoelectric focusing. III. Cobalophilin (R protein) in myeloproliferative states and leukocytosis. The R-type vitamin B12-binding protein (cobalophilin) in plasma and serum of patients with myeloproliferative diseases and leukocytosis was studied by gel filtration and isoelectric focusing. The isoproteins composing the cobalophilin were mainly the same in these disorders as in plasma of health subjects. In half the patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia and a few of those with leukocytosis some of the isoproteins were more acid than those found in healthy subjects. In chronic myelogenous leukaemia the high unsaturated vitamin B12-binding capacity of plasma was due to an increase in the fairly acid isoproteins, whereas in polycythaemia vera and in most cases of leukocytosis there was an increase in the least acid isoproteins.


The pathogenesis of granulopoietic hyperplasia in chronic myeloid leukaemia and the humoral regulating factors: a hypothesis.


Trisomy 8 in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Trisomy 8 in acute myeloid leukaemia. Two cases of acute myeloid leukaemia with trisomy 8 in all examined bone marrow cells are reported. The occurrence and the prognostic significance of trisomy C in myeloproliferative disorders are discussed. The published reports of myeloproliferative disorders with chromosomal abnormalities identified by the banding technique are reviewed. It is to be noted that among group C anomalies in the acute myeloid leukaemias, only involvement of chromosome no. 7, 8 and 9 have been reported to far.


Cytogenetic analysis of erythroleukaemia in two children - evidence of nonmalignant nature of erythron. Serial cytogenetic and cytological studies in 2 cases of erythroleukaemia in children indicated that erythropoiesis is not involved in the malignant process itself, but represents a response caused by unknown stimuli. A good correlation was observed between the percentage of aneuploid cells and blasts in mitosis, thus during the erythroid phase aneuploidy was minimal or absent, while during the myeloblastic phase a high percentage of members of the aneuploid clone was present. An inverse correlation between peripheral normoblast count and haemoglobin level indicated that erythropoiesis was under physiological control. Taken together these observations constitute evidence that, in the cases of erythroleukaemia studied, erythroid cells do not have inherent malignant properties. Cytogenetic analysis offers a tool for differentiating this type of erythroleukaemia from other forms of DiGuglielmo's syndrome.


Vitamin B12-binding proteins of r-type, cobalophilin. A gradient was developed for isoelectric focusing in the pH range 2-5. Cobalophilin (earlier called R proteins or vitamin B12-binding proteins of R-type) was isolated from saliva and amniotic fluid in homogeneous form. It was found to be a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 59,300-69,100. The preparation from amniotic fluid contained 33% carbohydrate. Cobalophilin variants in plasma, serum, granulocytes, platelets, amniotic fluid, milk, saliva and gastric juice were characterized by isoelectric focusing. Most fluids and cells contained the same isoproteins, with pI values between 2.3 and 5.0. Isoproteins of presumably myelogenic origin (e.g. those in granulocytes and plasma) had pI values below 4.2, whereas those of glandular origin (in milk and saliva) had a pI range of 4.0-5.0. Serum contained more cobalophilin than plasma, owing to release of this protein from granulocytes during clotting. This phenomenon also changed the isoprotein pattern. Plasma and serum from newborn infants and from patients with leucocytosis, polycythaemia vera and chronic myelogenous leukaemia contained the same isoproteins as were found in plasma from healthy subjects. In addition to these, isoproteins with lower than 'normal' pI values were often found in chronic myelogenous leukaemia and occasionally in leucocytosis. It is concluded that cobalophilin from different fluids and cells is a single microheterogeneous protein with a variable carbohydrate composition. The distribution of cobalophilin in different body fluids and cells supports the suggestion that cobalophilin is an antimicrobial protein (Gullberg 1972) like lactoferrin and lysozyme.


The unheated serum reagin test for the screening of specimens of a serum bank.


Leukaemoid reactions in myeloproliferative diseases. Report of two patients. The occurrence of transient extreme neutrophilic leucocytosis, with white blood cell counts exceeding 100,000/mu-l in two adult patients with myeloproliferative diseases, polycythaemia vera and acute myelocytic leukaemia in remission, is reported. The reaction was transient, and the subsequent course of the patient's disease did not differ from that prior to the episode. Such extreme leucocytosis is rare in adults, despite the frequency of provoking conditions, and factors which predispose an individual to develop a leukaemoid reaction remain unknown. An increase in the size of the pool of proliferating granulocyte precursors accompanied by a loss of the restraining function of the marrow sinusoidal walls in myeloproliferative diseases may explain the augmented release of myeloid cells in our patients.


Forty-nine year old male with weight loss and nonvisualization of the gallbladder.


The medical and surgical management of patients with coronary disease.


Case report of radiation necrosis of the hip.


Clinicopathological conference: Fifty-seven year old caucasian male with atrial fibrillation and sudden onset of severe hypertension.


Asilomar conference on recombinant DNA molecules.


Case of the summer season.

Case of the summer season.


Assessing patients' sarcoma-specific immune responses during immunotherapy.


Letter: Treating osteosarcoma.

Letter: Treating osteosarcoma.


Upper abdominal mass associated with jaundice: A rare form of pancreatic pseudocyst presentation.


The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of renal mass lesions.


Editorial: One solution.

Editorial: One solution.


The pediatric nurse associate program at West Virginia university: the first three years.


Editorial: Red blood count and hemoglobin in old age.


Giant cell carcinoma of lung: a cytologic evaluation. Twelve cases of giant cell carcinoma of the lung are reported. These were all studied histologically and in all but one case cytologic material was examined from sputa and bronchial washings. The cytologic criteria for diagnosis are evaluated, and are considered sufficiently reproducivle as to allow confident diagnostic interpretation. Precise morphologic classification of primary lung carcinoma is important since the significance of the various types in terms of their biologic behavior and prognosis has been established.


Schizophrenia, a disorder of tryptophan metabolism.


Reactive psychoses, a clinical and genetic investigation.


The Department of Psychiatry Kommunehospitalet Copenhagen 1875-1975.


A correlative cytohistologic study on the interrelationship between exfoliated urinary bladder carcinoma cell types and the staging and grading of these tumors. The purpose of this sutdy was to demonstrate the existence of a certain correlation between the type of exfoliated malignant tumor cells (transitional and/or epidermoid) in 28 bladder tumor cases, and the stage of these tumors as evidenced in histologic sections of full-depth bladder biopsies or cystectomies. This investigation permitted not only correlation of the type of malignant cells with the stage but also with the grade of these tumors. However, this study should be followed by more investigations based on quantitative analyses or cytomorphometric approaches in order to reach more definitive results.


Progress in preoperative diagnosis of pulmonary lesions. Forty consecutive patients with radiologically demonstrated pulmonary lesions were selected according to the following criteria: 1) no cytologic or histopathologic diagnosis performed by conventional examination methods, and 2) no tumor tissue seen by endoscopy including the flexible bronchoscope. In these 40 patients the diagnostic value of speciments obtained by transthoracic fine-needle aspiration by blind bronchial brushing and by biopsy taken by means of the flexible bronchoscope was compared with these diagnostic methods a preoperative correct diagnosis was obtained in 29 (72.5%) cases. In 17 cases (42.5%) the fine-needle aspiration method was the only way to obtain a correct preoperative diagnosis and in four cases (10%) the diagnosis was obtained by the fiberscope.


Psychosomatic aspects of amenorrhoea.

Psychosomatic aspects of amenorrhoea.


Preventive Medicine. Rationale for the use of drugs and vaccines.


Primate models of postural disorders.

Primate models of postural disorders. Dorsal column lesions in the high cervical region of the monkey result in severe defects of movements projected into space and contactual orienting reactions of the forelimbs. The hindlimbs are less affected provided a pathway through the lateral columns, Morin's tract, remains intact. Interruption of this pathway results in a defect of hindlimb function similar to that of the forelimbs. Cerebellar ablations in monkeys result in postural and movement disorders, including hypotonia of limb extensor muscles. An important mechanism underlying the hypotonia is a depression of the responses to muscle extension of spindle primary afferents owing to a decrease of fusimotor activity. In the decerebellate animal abnormalities of limb trajectory during active movements projected into space (cerebellar "dysmetria") appear to result principally from dysfunction of systems separate from the peripheral fusimotor efferent-spindle afferent reflex arc. Precentral cortical ablation results initially in a contralateral hypotonic hemiparesis, later in a hypertonic hemiparesis. A depression of the responses of muscle spindle afferents occurs during the hypotonic phase, but during the hypertonic phase spindle function returns to normal levels. Accordingly a depression of fusimotor function appears to be important in the hypotonic phase of hemiplegia; however, there is no evidence that an enhancement of fusimotor function underlies the hypertonic phase. Bilateral section of the medullary pyramids results in an enduring hypotonic paresis. Abnormalities of contactual orienting responses of limbs are similar to those following dorsal column lesions. Responses of spindle primary afferents are depressed during the initial stages after acute pyramidotomy, then approach but do not reach normal levels. It is concluded that the dorsal columns constitute an afferent, and the pyramidal tracts an efferent, pathway important in oriented contactual reactions of the limbs. The hypotonia resulting from cerebellar lesions, precentral ablation, and pyramidal tract section stems, at least in part, from a depression of the fusimotor innervation of muscle spindle afferent activity.


Ova of the lung fluke Paragonimus kellicotti in fluid from a cyst.


Cortical control of motor prostheses: using the cord-transected baboon as the primate model for human paraplegia.


The binucleate cell: implications for automated cytopathology. A study of occurrence rates of binucleate cells in human femal gynecological specimens is described. Data is presented on probability of occurrence, nuclear spacing, and nuclear fluorescence of binucleate cells. Allowable binucleate recognition error rates for automated cytopathology are presented. Recognition techniques employing slit-scan cytofluorometry are discussed.


On the correlation of chromosome number and DNA content in HeLa cell clones. Chromosome number and nuclear DNA content of two cloned HeLa cell lines were analysed by quantitative Feulgen reaction microspectrophotometry, ultra-rapid microfluorometry and chromosome counting. These cell clones revealed corresponding alterations in their chromosome number and nuclear DNA amount. The results support the hypothesis that a constant relationship exists between both chromosome number and nuclear DNA content in these clonal population.


Cheek reconstruction with a doubly folded foreheadflap.


Transmission and scanning electron microscopic studies of cells in effusions. The transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) features of cancer cells and benign cells from human effusions were described. Both in the TEM and the SEM the following cell types were indentified; mesothelial cells, histiocytes, lumphocytes, eosinophilic leukocytes, neutrophilic leukocytes, plasma cells, erthrocytes and cancer cells. The ultrastructure of malignant cells originating from cancers most commonly metastisizing to the serous body cavities was described in detail. Both the TEM and the SEM clearly demonstrated fundamental differences between the surfaces of the cancer cells and benign cells in body cavity fluids: cancer cells were covered by numerous microvilli, while non-neoplastic cells were not. The approach described in this paper can be used for purposes of cytologic diagnosis in difficult preselected cases and may also have some important theoretical implications.


Chronic lymphocytic cervicitis: cytologic and histopathologic manifestations. (1) Chronic lymphocytic cervicitis is a benign, apparently self-limited or reversible morphologic entity characterized histologically by subepithelial cervicovaginal collections of lymphocytes of varying maturity admixed with phagocytic and non-phagocytic reticulum cells. By mechanical abrasion or spontaneous ulceration, these heterogeneous cellular elements mirroring an imprint of a hyperplastic lymph node  have been observed with regular frequency in routine gynecologic material. (2) From analysis of 170 patients with this lesion over the past 11.5 years, the typical presentation evolves as that of an asymptomatic postmenopausal women in her sixth decade with a normal appearing cervix. Significant variability in age and functional status is encountered however. (3) No unifying or definitive endocrinologic, microbiologic, traumatic, or systemic disease associated factors can be implicated in the genesis of chronic lymphocytic cervicitis. (4) The differential diagnostic features distinguishing chronic lymphocytic cervicitis from endometrial stromal cells, bare nuclei, small cell epithelial lesions, and leukemia/lymphoma are discussed. (5)The importance of cautious appraisal of the biologic or diagnostic significance of any heterogenous lymphocytic and reticulum cell infiltration in histologic or cytologic material from the cervix or vagina is emphasized.


The occurrence of sickle cells in pleural fluid: report of a patient with sickle cell disease. A 20 year old patient seen in sickle cell crises who presented clincally with pleural effusion, presumably on the basis of pulmonary infarction with subsequent infection, had many sickled red cells in the fluid. This occurrence has not hitherto been reported. Its importance from a diagnostic standpoint is pointed out, particularly in patients where the primary disease process is unsuspected.


Exfoliative cytology of malignant germ cell tumors. The cytologic features of germ cell tumors such as seminoma and embryonal carcinoma are sufficiently characteristic to make specific cytologic diagnosis possible in technically high quality smears. The prognosis of metastatic germ cell tumros is grave, as further substantiated by this study of 55 patients with positive cytologic specimens.


Monitoring the course of chronic granulocytic leukemia with vitamin B 12-binding proteins. Hyman, Michael P., and Reiquam, C. W.: Monitoring the course of chronic granulocytic leukemia with vitamin B 12-binding proteins. Am J Clin Pathol 63: 796-803, 1975. Vitamin B 12-binding protein levels (UBBC) have been used in the diagnosis of chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL), but little data on the course of these patients and the fluctuation of their UBBC are available. Serial UBBC were determined for 12 patients with CGL over various periods of time. Some patients remained in relapse aapse. Throughout, the B 12-binding protein levels were a faithful monitor of each patient's course. The beta/alpha ratio, indicating the relative amount of the binding protein fractions probably reflects the clinical status of the patient in a way that is not presently utilizable. Measurement of B 12-binding proteins during the course of chronic granulocytic leukemia may prove helpful in the long-term care of these patients. (Key words: Vitamin B 12-binding proteins; Chronic granulocytic leukemia.)


Investigations on the exocrine pancreatic function in dogs suffering from chronic exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.


Osteoblastic osteogenic sarcoma in a 35-month-old girl. Report of a case. A girl, aged 2 years, 11 months, who had pain and swelling of the proximal humerus, was found to have osteoblastic osteogenic sarcoma of the humerus.  Among 937 consecutive patients with osteogenic sarcoma examined at the Mayo Clinic, she is the youngest child seen, as well as only the sixth child younger than 6 years of age in this series.


Tandem concept in the nonextraction treatment of class II malocclusion. 1. A systematic controlled nonextraction approach in the treatment of certain Class II malocclusions exhibiting arch-length deficiencies has been presented. 2. Clinical cases, diagnostic criteria for case selection, the biomechanics of this tandem force system, time sequence in tooth movement, and ways to avoid untoward sequelae have also been offered. 3. The major advantages in utilizing the basic extraoral appliance and auxiliary mechanisms are as follows: A. various groups of tooth movements are initiated in one or more areas of both dental arches simultaneously. B. Orthodontic pressures are within physiologic limits. C. A minimum number of bands is required. D. Positive control of anchorage is ensured. E. Class II mechanics is not necessary. 4. In each of the four cases presented, the anteroposterior and mediolateral changes that occurred resulted in an increase in the linear length and width of the maxillary and mandibular dental arches. A sufficient increase in the maxillary apical base was also noted and may prove to be a significant yardstick in measuring the stability index of each case. 5. Photographic and cephalometric evaluation revealed that the facial contour and the relative position of the mandibular incisors were not adversely affected.


A cost analysis of orthodontic in-office and commercial laboratory output.


Mesiodistal crown dimension of the permanent dentition of American Negroes. A study of the mesiodistal crown dimension was conducted on the teeth of 162 American Negroes, equally divided between males and females. A total of 3,980 teeth were measured. Teeth were measured from the plaster casts by means of Boley gauges. The sample was drawn from a growth study, private practice, and a dental clinic. The mean width of the teeth of males and females was reported. The teeth of males were larger than those of females for each type of tooth in both arches, although they exhibited a similar pattern of tooth size. The maxillary first premolars were larger than the second premolars, while the mandibular second premolars were larger than the first premolars. The first molars were larger than the second molars in both the maxillary and mandibular arches in both sexes. The ratio of the mandibular dentition ot the maxillary dentition was 94 per cent in both sexes. The ratio of the sum of the widths of the canines and incisors of the mandibular dentition to those of the maxillary dentition was 77 per cent. Also, the ratio of the mandibular incisors to the maxillary incisors was 71 per cent in both sexes.


Schemes of zonation in the mandibular condyle.


McArdle's syndrome: the reaction to a fat-rich diet. The effect of a diet enriched with fats on the muscle performance of a patient with McArdle's syndrome was studied.  The tolerance to physical activity was studied during exercise (ergometric examination) and by sustained abduction to 90 degrees of the deltoid muscle, both after a three-day period on a normal diet and after a three-day period on a fat-rich diet.  After the first period a woody spasm of the deltoid muscle was found which lasted several days.  After a period on fat-rich diet the patient's physical fitness was increased and the recovery period after the acute load was shorter.  Moreover, no induration of the deltoid muscle was observed after the sustained abduction to 90 degrees.  It is argued that maximal strength is not improved by a fat-rich diet but tolerance to submaximal loads is increased by such treatment and recovery from non-lactate-produced muscle discomfort is hastened.


Cephalometric measurements of familial dwarfism and high plasma immunoreactive growth hormone.


Letters to the editor: Duplicating textbook titles.


Pseudo-malignant lesions in Paget's disease of bone. Two patients with unusual features of Paget's disease are reported. In one patient a circumferential focal and periosteally based mass of Paget's disease presented as a mass lesion superimposed on the sclerotic phase of Paget's disease in the distal femur. Biopsy of the mass showed Paget's disease without neoplasia. The mass has remained unchanged roentgenographically in a 2 year period. In a second patient, a lesion occurred in the mid-portion of the tibia and showed features of the early and radiolucent phase of Paget's disease. In a 4 year period, the lesion has progressed to a more sclerotic phase and to occupy the proximal end of the tibia as well as its mid and lower portions.