Evidence for a sensitive period in the human mother. In certain animal species immediate separation of a mother from here young for a brief period after deliver (the sensitive period) may result in aberrant maternal behaviour. In the human, disorders of mothering, including child abuse, increase disproportionately in situations associated with early neonatal separation of mother and infant, such as prematurity. Mothers in the United States who were offered early contact with their premature infants showed differences in attachment behaviour when compared with mothers whose first contact with their infants was three weeks after delivery. Mothers who had one hour of close physical contact with their nude full-term infants within the first two hours after delivery and who had 15 extra hours of contact in the frist three days behaved significantly differently during a physical examination of the infant at one month and one year, and in their speech to their infants at two years, from a control group of mothers who had only routine contact. In a similar study in Guatemala, mothers who had 45 minutes of early extra contact showed significantly more attachment behaviour at the time of the first breast-feeding (12 hours). These and other studies in the human suggest that shortly after birth there is a sensitive period which appears to have long-lasting effects on maternal attachment and which may ultimately affect the development of the child.


Does human maternal behaviour after delivery show a characteristic pattern? Specific kinds of maternal behaviour such as nesting, retrieving, grooming and exploring, are seen in non-human mammalian mothers immediately before, during and after delivery. In this study 22 human mothers were filmed during the first 10 minutes of contact with their normal nude full-term infants, who were placed beside them in private rooms in hospitals in Guatemala and the US; and nine mothers of premature infants were filmed on their first three visits to the nursery. Another 10 Guatemalan mothers and infants were observed for 10 minutes almost immediately after delivery in hospital. These observations were compared to maternal behaviour after home deliveries in California. After hospital delivery all US mothers, but only half of the Guatemalans, began touching their infants' extremities with their fingertips and proceeded within a few minutes to palm contact on the trunk. US mothers had an intense interest in eye-to-eye contact. Mothers of premature infants showed only fragments of this behaviour. In home births when the mothers are active participants in delivery, they pick up the infant immediately after birth, stroke its face with their fingertips and start breast-feeding within the first minutes after delivery. Initially the infant only licks the nipples. there is striking elevation in mood in the parents. These observations focus attention on reciprocal behaviour patterns that develop early between mother and infant and which serve to unite them.


Assessment of the psychosocial outcome after severe head injury. Rehabilitation services for the severely brain injured are often inadequate and one of the chief factors responsible is undue emphasis on the contribution of physical disability with scant attention to the serious emotional and intellectual handicaps incurred. Weakness, spasticity and dysphasis tend to recover eventually to a variable extent but mental handicap is often the cause of serious and lasting disablement. For a determination of the outcome of severe brain injury in terms of its effect on daily living, the relation between physical disability, mental handicap and social reintegration has been assessed quantitatively. Three assessment scales have been constructed and used in a study of 58 severely brain damaged patients. This revealed that the duration of post-traumatic amnesia correlates highly with the degree of social, mental and physical disability incurred. Daily living was affected primarily by impairment of intellect and personality and, to a lesser extent, by physical incapacity, but only rarely by the developments of symptoms of mental illness. Using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, the time course of cognitive recovery was also assessed. Recovery curves and the relation of cognitive impairment to social and physical handicap will be demonstrated.


Can one predict outcome of medical coma? The combined evaluation of the motor response to stimulation and the oculovestibular (OV) reflex gives useful indicants to the outcome of medical coma. We examined 48 patients during the first 12 h and at 24 h after the onset of medical coma. We excluded patients who had ingested drugs or who had hypothermia. Motor responses to a noxious stimulus were scored on a 6 'best' and 1 'worst' scale, and the presence or absence of oculovestibular responses to icewater irrigations was recorded. Subjects were divided by outcome at three months into three groups: death or persistent vegetative state, severe disability, and moderate disability or good recovery. On the basis of the present series it was often possible to distinguish among the outcomes at or before 24 h. The patient's age and the presence or absence of pupillary responses, spontaneous eye movements and oculocephalic responses were not predictive of outcome, nor were the respiratory pattern, blood gases, blood pressure, heart rate and temperature. A minimal motor score and an absence of oculovestibular responses at 12 h always were assoicated with death. With higher motor scores, the absence of oculovestibular responses at either 12 or 24 h implied an outcome no better than severe disability. The results of the present study imply that early bedside assessments can yield accurate predictive information in medical coma.


Recovery of function after brain injury in man. Late after-effects of cerebral trauma are difficult to study because patients tend to be seen for persisting symptoms, and not simply for their lesions. We have tried to avoid this bias by recalling periodically, over the years, 520 men with known brain injuries incurred in World War II or in Korea or Vietnam. These men are seen irrespective of clinical need and all undergo intensive behavioural and neurological assessment, which still continues. For such groups, recovery is impressive, though one third shows persistent intellectual loss. In addition, some tasks reveal specific deficits enduring unchanged, after th first 2-3 yr, for the 20-30 yr of follow-up (e.g. visual field defects, certain auditory discrimination losses, trouble on various complex perceptual tasks). These lasting deficits are linked to the site and size of focal injury, often representing remnants of more severe initially-present disorders. The extent of recovery is correlated with age at the time of trauma, the youngest faring best. Extension of such studies to cases of early brain damage (birth to five years), as indicated by hemiparesis, shows the familiar 'escape' of language after early left-hemisphere lesions but this is achieved at a price, the price being borne by non-verbal functions that normally depend on the integrity of the right hemisphere.


Acquired dyslexia: patterns of deficit and recovery. These preliminary results are concerned with the quantitative description of recovery of function and the shape of the recovery curve. Four patients, in whom dylexia was the salient residual symptom of cerebral damage, are described. Individual differences in the pattern of dyslexic error and the time course of recovery are discussed; and recovery--as measured by longitudinal studies of performance in reading tasks--is analysed in terms of a model which takes into account rate of learning and the eventual asymptote. It is suggested that these or analogous techiques may be relevant both for the design of remedial programmes and for problems of prognosis.


Fact and theory in recovery from the aphasias. Clinical evidence has suggested that the form of an aphasia--and perhaps potential for recovery therefrom--can be related to an exceedingly wide range of variables. Such anatomico-physiological considerations as size, depth, location and nature (e.g. penetrating missile injury, stroke, tumour, closed head injury) of the injury are frequently held to be crucial correlates, as are associated neurological deficits (e.g. presence of hemiplegia, sensory and visual field defects). Subject variables, such as age, sex and 'handedness" (including familial handedness), complicate the picture still further, as may differences in education personality and cognitive style. Given a multidimensional problem of this magnitude the first objective of theory is to indicate putative constrainst on patterns of impaired performance. Studies of the normal population--that is, the population from which cases of brain injury are later drawn--may, we believe, aid in the elucidation of individual differences seen after injury. A more detailed knowledge of the range of possibilities concerning cerebral specialization of function and variations in task strategies seems to be required. In this context we shall review some recent reports on dichotic listening and split visual field experiments with both normal and brain-damaged subjects and also consider the role that linguistic descriptions of aphasic impairment could play in suggesting retraining procedures appropriate to the individual patient.


Early neurophysiological assessment after insult to the central nervous system. Cerebral insult is a generic term which includes many causes of altered cerebral function. Neurophysiological investigations, closely integrated with clinical and metabolic studies, should begin at an early stage after any such insult (namely in the first few hours) to provide information on the type, severity and evolution of latered brain function. The present contribution is based on prospective studies on 200 children with closed head injuries and 500 children who had been resuscitated following cardiocirculatory or respiratory arrest. In addition to electroencephalography, other neurophysiological investigations may be carried out whenever necessary including electroretinography, evoked potential studies and polyelectromyography at the patient's bedside, whether or not in the intensive care situation. The rapid evolution of metabolic events and of both clinical and neurophysiological features characterizes the acute initial phase, in marked contrast to the more static features of long term sequelae to a cerebral insult. Experience over the past 25 yr has shown that no rule is applicable to every case because of the diversity of individual circumstances. However, a well planned early neurophysiological assessment after insult to the central nervous system has given reliable prognostic criteria for the subsequent management of each patient and for the evaluation of any complications during the first few weeks of treatment.


Prognostic factors in stroke.

Prognostic factors in stroke. Prognostic factors in 137 patients with acute ischaemic infarction of the cerebral hemisphere were examined in a prospective study with particular reference to acute mortality, delayed mortality and the ability to regain independent living. Adverse factors in the examination on admission to hospital with regard to all these aspects were found to be a reduction of the level of consciousness to any degree and paralysis of conjugate gaze. A severe hemiplegia and advancing age indicated a bad prognosis for delayed mortality and severe disability in survivors, but did not affect acute mortality. At three weeks after the onset, inability to walk unaided, a useless hand and or urinary incontinence was associated with an increased probability of death in the next few months and of failure to regain independence in the survivors. These adverse factors appeared to correlate with infarction extending beyond the middle cerebral artery territory, severe brain swelling and recent occlusion of the internal carotid artery.


Development of a formal structure for clinical management decisions: a mathematical analysis. Decision theory and the calculating power of the computer now enables us to contemplate the development of formal methods for making decisions about clinical management. In the simplest  model, it is first necessary to define all treatment decisions as an exhaustive and mutually exclusive set and similarly to define the set of consequences or outcomes of treatment. The probability of each outcome conditional on treatment has to be estimated and this consequent state of health has to be quantified as a utility. Possible methods of estimating utilities of states of health are discussed and the construction of a unidimensional utility function based on a sequence of wagers. The states of health consequent on severe brain damage can only be described multidimensionally and the model has to be extended to include this case. While such a model would allow simple treatment decisions to be formalized, it could not decide whether the cost of treatment was worth while nor whether it would pay to carry out further investigative tests and thus buy more evidence. If these additional variables are to be included in the model, it is necessary to introduce the motion of an equivalence between monetary values and utilities. This implies attaching a monetary value to any given state of health.


Outcome of severe damage to the central nervous system. Scale, scope and philosophy of the clinical problem. The recovery process after acute brain damage has attracted little interest from either basic or clinical scientists who seem to be most concerned with the acute stage. Much might be learnt about the mechanisms of the nervous system from study of the recovery process. The number of patients with permanent brain damage is growing as the result of the increased survival rate  from such common conditions as severe head injury and non-geriatric stroke. Response to this problem has largely come from other disciplines, and in the form of supportive care rather than scientific enquiry. Such an enquiry might seek to answer three outstanding questions. (1) What is the nature of the persisting disability? (2) Can more scientifically based rehabilitation, including physical, mental and social components, either accelerate the rate of recovery or reduce the degree of ultimate disability? (3) Can the ultimate outcome be predicted in the acute stage; and can the amount of further improvement be estimated in the later stages of recovery?


Prognosis after severe head injury.

Prognosis after severe head injury. Prognosis depends on establishing a relationship between the patient's state in the early stages and the ultimate outcome. Both the severity of the initial damage (including early complications) and the degree of recovery need to be defined, but practical and statistical considerations impose a limit on the number of variables which can be manipulated. Variables chosen should be those likely to be relevant, and pilot studies are more reliable than intuition in indicating which items should be included. Data chosen should be of a kind likely to be readily available for most patients and should not therefore depend on complex laboratory investigation. The most reliable indicant of initial severity appears to be the depth and duration of coma or altered consciousness, and a scale has been devised for measuring these. Measures of outcome should include separate assessment of mental and physical disability as well as the overall social consequence of the brain damage. Prognosis should be expressed as the probability (mathematically expressed) that a patient will reach certain defined outcome categories, five of which are recognized in the present study. Predictions should begin only after initial resuscitative measures are complete (say six hours after ictus); they need not be limited to the early stages but can include estimates of the degree of further improvement expected in the light of progress in the early weeks after injuries. New methods of management cannot be critically assessed unless factors influencing prognosis are reliably identified and can be matched in comparative patient groups. An estimate of prognosis is also required for the selection of patients for intensive treatment, both in the acute and in the rehabilitation stage. Without such data there is a tendency to deploy an unduly high proportion of scarce resources on patients who have little prospect of recovery; this may deny the best chance of recovery to patients with severe, but less overwhelming, brain damage.


Signs of plasticity and reconnection in spinal cord damage. Experiments on the thalamus, dorsal column nuclei and spinal cord in the adult cat and rat show that partial destruction of afferents to these regions leads to the immediate unmasking of certain types of activity which are normally inhibited. Chronic studies show that some cells begin to respond to afferent nerve impulses after a period in which the cell seems to have lost all inputs. Sprouting of terminals from remaining areas is one possible explanation for these late changes but one must also consider the possibility that the new connections result from axons which were already present but which normally were ineffective.


Cerebral blood flow and metabolism.

Cerebral blood flow and metabolism. To date, regional measurements of cerebral blood flow in humans have not been especially helpful in predicting the outcome of acute brain injury. The recent appearance within the medical environment of biologically significant pharmaceuticals labelled with the positron-emitting isotopes 15O, 13N and 11C has made possible the quantitative regional measurement of cerebral metabolism in humans. This advance, coupled with the development of radically new detection systems, will allow the safe measurement of truly regional blood flow and metabolism in humans in the near future. Such information is basic to an understanding of the pathophysiology of acute injury to the brain and the rational prediction of outcome in the individual case.


Assessment of severe damage to the brain by multiregional measurements of cerebral blood flow. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured with a 32-detector device in patients with severe injury to the central nervous system. Most suffered head injiries in traffic accidents. Many patients were severely demented. Several were comatose or in a so-called persistent vegetative state. Flow was measured at rest and during various forms of stimulation. The resting values were on the whole markedly reduced. The flow patterns often showed distinct correlations with the original brain injury. In the best preserved patients, mental activation caused increases in flow with a normal or near-normal distribution. Cutaneous electric stimulation gave rise to increases in cortical flow even in highly reduced patients with severe brain damage. Patients with total or less than total loss of telencephalic structures with retained brainstem reflexes and respiration ('apallic' patients) did not show any changes in flow on sensory stimulation. We conclude that the technique for measuring rCBF enables us to assess severe damage to the central nervous system quantitatively and also to estimate whether higher functions are retained in severely reduced patients in coma, stupor and apallic state--patients who more or less completely lack behavioural responses.


Antistaphylococcal activity of sisomicin and four other aminoglycosides against strains sensitive and resistant to methicillin. Five aminoglycosides were tested for inhibitory activity on 91 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 39 of which were methicillin-resistant. The antistaphylococcal activity of these antibiotics was independent of the methicillin-resistance. Their order of decreasing effectiveness was: gentamicin greater than tobramycin = sisomicin greater than amikacin greater than kanamycin. Resistant strains were only found for the latter.


A multimedia independent approach to learning.


The proper object of nursing science.

The proper object of nursing science.


The incidence of pressure sores in active treatment hospitals.


Concepts of experience and evaluation as educative processes in registered nurse baccalaureate school program.


Public health nurses and teachers in school health programs: a problem in communication.


Organizational and sociological factors affecting attrition in collegiate schools of nursing.


A randoimized controlled trial of preoperative patient education.


A report on the survey on preparation for childbirth withing the catchment area of Copthorne Maternity Unit Shrewsbury: December 1972- June 1973.


Activity sampling in nursing.

Activity sampling in nursing.


Related social behaviors of students in different types of nursing education programs.


Against the odds: the results of a token economy programme with long-term psychiatric patients.


Changes in the image of the nurse in Brazil.


Philosophy of nursing and current nursing problems.


Editorial: Tetanus--still a therapeutic challenge.


Development of an International Nursing Centre.


Care for the elderly in Yugoslavia.

Care for the elderly in Yugoslavia.


Nursing education in Japan.

Nursing education in Japan.


A coordinated team approach to one health problem. Rheumatoid arthritis, as a complex and chronic disease, requires the expertise of many disciplines working in a combined fashion with the patient as an active and responsible member of the health team. In-depth knowledge of the disease is vital to the nurse in assisting her in developing an effective and logical plan of care. The nurse must act as the liaison between patient and health team and coordinate the programme of treatment. The most important feature of the delivery of care to the rheumatoid patient at the Rheumatism Foundation Hospital is that the patient is involved in his plan of care from the beginning and has shared responsibility for its being carried out and its effectiveness. It is the cooperative effort between the health team and the patient which is the major feature in this very successful comprehensive approach to caring for the patient with rheumatoid arthritis.


Editorials: New approaches to electrocardiographic monitoring--trend recording.


Listening comprehension test for nurses.


Effect of family visits on the blood pressure and heart rate of patients in the coronary-care unit. Conclusions that can be drawn from this study are: (1) the blood pressure and heart rate of CCU patients show no significant changes when the patients are awake and are not interrupted by stressful events. (2) A family visiting period of ten minutes every hour creates a stressful effect on the blood pressure and heart rate of cardiac patients in a CCU. (3) Since patients are particularly vulnerable to fatigue in the early stages of coronary illness, a ten-minute visiting period every hour for twelve hours appears to be a stressful event and indicates that the present visiting schedules are not conducive to good patient management. (4) Continuing studies should be done to determine what other type of CCU visiting time arrangements might be made to insure better patient care.


President's message-acute pedagogical crisis--critical-care intervention.


The giant T-wave.

The giant T-wave.


Double-atrial and ventricular tachycardia with a Wenckebach type of exit block.


Clinical application of electrocardiographic trend recording. New electronic technology has made trend recording (R-R intervals versus time) feasible on a routine basis outside of acute-care units at nursing stations on regular hospital floors. The physician or nurse is able to monitor the rate and rhythm changes of his patient easily with this form of data compression which minimizes the scanning of reams of ECG paper. The information obtained from such electrocardiographic data results in improved surveillance of arrhythmias and leads to better patient care.


Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. V. Physiologic bases of paroxysmal bradycardia-dependent bundle branch block. Bradycardia-dependent bundle branch block can occur during acute cardiac ischemia or infarction. Basic cellular electrophysiology helps in understanding the mechanisms involved. A review of the previous four vignettes of this series will be helpful in studying this vignette.


The acutely ischemic limb.

The acutely ischemic limb.


Description and uses of intracranial pressure monitoring. Today, ICP monitoring is used to facilitate the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of abnormal ICP profiles. The level of ICP is made readily available and impending ICP abnormalities can be detected by evaluation of compensation mechanisms. ICP monitoring can also be used to evaluate methods of ICP reduction as shown in Fig 5. It can also aid in determining the prognosis. A poor prognosis is indicated by a CPP of less than 30 mm. Hg, rising ICP in spite of treatment, and loss of compliance. ICP monitoring is useful only in the experienced hands of a neurosurgical team which is better qualified to interpret data in association with the clinical picture and determine a plan of treatment. They are also fully aware of and can guard against possible infection, CSF leakage, hematoma, and its consequences.


Physiological and psychological aspects of tetanus: report of a case.


Editorial: Continuity or committee care.


Letter: Critique of "Systems approach in assessing behavior problems of critical-care patients" by Sharon Roberts.


Physical activity in the rehabilitation of patients following myocardial infarction. I. Basis of early ambulation.


Letter: A critical care nurse's opinion of Cassem and Hackett's article "Stress on the nurse and therapist in the intensive care unit.".


Injuries to major vessels: an overview of current concepts. Injuries to major arteries and veins continue to result in loss of life and limb. Successful management of such injuries requires an integrated team approach with careful attention given to resuscitation of shock, technical aspects of surgical procedures, and adjunctive management. This review addresses current concepts relating to the problem of vascular trauma.


Antimicrobial therapy: some guidelines.

Antimicrobial therapy: some guidelines.


Silence means danger.

Silence means danger.


Critical-care nursing: reflections and forecasts.


Crime and the aged; the victims and the criminals.


A classification of microorganisms frequently causing sepsis.


Anaerobic infections.

Anaerobic infections. The treatment of anaerobic infection will be improved by: (1) having a high index of suspicion of anaerobic bacteria in all infections, (2) recognition of clinical signs characteristic of some of these infections, and (3) institution of antibiotics that are likely to be appropriate before the culture results become available 4 to 7 days later.


Developing a mental health assessment form.


Labor disputes: a challenge to nurse staffing.


ANA's standards for nursing services: how do they measure up?


ANA's standards for nursing services: how do they measure up? The heartbeat of nursing services: Standard IV.


ANA's standards for nursing services: how do they measure up? Standard V: the budget.


The diagnosis and management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Shock due to or associated with sepsis may present a clinical picture quite different from that usually seen in hypovolemic or cardiogenic shock. Any trend which suggests increasing sepsis should be treated aggressively as if shock were present. The earlier such therapy is begun, the better the results tend to be. Perhaps the greatest errors in the therapy of severe sepsis and septic shock are (1) delayed control of the primary septic process, (2) giving too little fluid in the early phases of therapy (and too much later), and (3) delaying ventilator assistance if the patient's ventilation or blood gases are deteriorating.


Carotid sinus syncope.

Carotid sinus syncope.


ANA's standards for nursing services: how do they measure up? Standard IX; quality staff development: a must for survival.


A system for controlled microwave heating of small samples. A system for the controlled thawing and heating of small samples in a waveguide is described. A means of maintaining constant absorbed power within the sample over a wide range of sample parameters is a major feature of the system. Provision for sensing the melting point of immersed samples is include. Samples are continuously rotated to improve heating uniformity.


Idionodal tachycardia "abolished" by carotid sinus pressure.


Metabolism during shock and sepsis.

Metabolism during shock and sepsis. The shock-induced changes in the cells of both peripheral tissues and vital organs apparently occur mainly in the energy pathways. The normal flow of these pathways is inhibited by the lack of oxygen; and both this anoxia and the consequent energy deficit inhibit the function of membranes. As a result, the active transport of gluconeogenic substrates, such as glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid, is blocked; this allows potassium efflux and sodium influx. Gluconeogenesis is inhibited either by a direct effect of endotoxin on the gluconeogenic enzymes or by the lack of ATP. Prolonged anoxia interferes with the oxidation of pyruvate and increases the intracellular and extracellular levels of lactate. The intracellular acidosis or the direct effect of endotoxin on the membranes finally causes the permeability or lysis of cellular and lysosomal membranes. Lysosomal hydrolases have been implicated in the cellular pathology of shock, the production of MDF, and the adverse effects on endothelial cells of the vascular system. Further ATP deficiency may alter protein biosynthesis.


Pulmonary fat embolism: a complication of fracture. Medical personnel must be aware of the possibility of fat embolism as a complicating factor of fractures. Ambulance, emergency room, orthopedic, and intensive-care personnel may frequently be involved in the care of these patients. Fat embolism should be suspected any time a patient exhibits bizarre mental, pulmonary, or circulatory symptoms following a fracture. Prevention may be achieved by as near immobilization of a fracture as possible. When fat embolism does occur, the course of the illness may or may not be complex. The treatment is supportive and the patient should be made as comfortable as possible.


Fast fixation of brain in situ by high intensity microwave irradiation: application to neurochemical studies. The levels of acetylcholine and choline were measured in various brain regions of the rat after fixation by microwave irradiation of the head and after decapitation and subsequent freezing in liquid nitrogen. Levels of acetylcholine were increased by approximately 50% after microwave irradiation, while choline levels were reduced. These biochemical findings were correlated with virtually complex loss of acetylcholinesterase and NADH-diaphorase activity after 1 s exposure to microwave irradiation at a level of 5 kW.


Coupling of Gaussian electromagnetic pulse into a muscle-bone model of biological structure. The effect of angle of incidence on the transmission electromagnetic pulse with Gaussion character in biological material is studied. The model assumed is a layer of soft tissue over a semi-infinite medium of boney structure governed by alpha dispersion. The numerical results demonstrate that the transmitted pulse strength is the greatest when the pulse is incident normally on the air-tissue interface. The coupling efficiency for a one microsecond pulse is three times as big as that for a ten microsecond pulse.


The transmission of reflexes in the spinal cord of cats during direct irradiation with microwaves. The spinal of cats was directly exposed to 2450 CW microwave radiation in order to study the effect on reflex response and synaptic function. A small but statistically significant increase in the reflex response was detected in the first series of experiment, which indicates enhancement of the synaptic transmission. However, this effect was not observed in a second series of experiments in which the incident power density was increased from 10 mW/cm(2) to 20 mW/cm(2) and a more rigorous experimental design was employed. The slight changes that were observed in the second series could be attributed to small temperature variations during the experiment.


Microwave auditory effect- a comparison of some possible transduction mechanisms. When human subjects are irradiated with pulse modulated microwave energy they report the perception of a sound that appears to originate from within or slightly behing the head. Three of the possible mechanisms are examined using first order mathematical approximations and several simplifying assumptions. The results show that while all three (radiation pressure, strictive force and thermal expansion) are capable of producing the phenomenon, the stress resulting from thermal expansion may be so great that it masks the effect of the others completely.


Editorial: Feeding mother and foetus: diet in pregnancy.


Delayed conversion to sinus rhythm after direct-current countershock. Elective cardioversion for supraventricular arrhythmias has been performed in 203 patients during a 30-month period beginning in May, 1972. In five instances conversion to normal sinus rhythm occurred well after the electric shock had been delivered. The interval ranged from 4 to 105 seconds after DC countershock. In one patient, atrial fibrillation clearly persisted for eight seconds after DC countershock, however, immediately after countershock the ventricular rate became regular and, in addition to the fibrillatory activity, apparent sinus P-waves became visible and the same regular rate persisted after disappearance of fibrillatory waves. This raised the possibility of atrial dissociation. Our experience suggests that if apparent failure of conversion is noted after DC countershock, a repeat shock at a higher level should not be administered immediately but only after observing the rhythm for up to two minutes. Other possible mechanisms of delayed conversion are discussed.


Cirrhosis of the liver in Iran. A retrospective study based on 1,326 cases.


Intermittent pseudocomplete A-V block due to A-V dissociation in presence of 2:1 A-V block. A false pattern of intermittent complete A-V block was seen in two asymptomatic patients when A-V dissociation was superimposed on a basic 2:1 A-V block. Although the conduction disturbance occurred at the A-V nodal level in both cases, in Case 2 it resembled A-V block due to bilateral or trifascicular disease. This arrhythmia was the end result of Type I (Wenckebach) block and apparently has a better prognosis than those emerging from a Type II (Mobitz) block.


Blood glucose estimation: the Eytone Dextrostix system.


Asbestos--useful and dangerous.

Asbestos--useful and dangerous.


The breast-feeding of twins.

The breast-feeding of twins.


Capitulation as a key ingredient to eradication of severe malnutrition in children.


Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. VI. Physiologic bases for the use of antiarrhythmic drugs. Classification of antiarrhythmic drugs based on their electrophysiologic and hemodynamic properties coupled with an understanding of the transmembrane action potential of the cardiac cell (see the first of this series of six vignettes) help in the appropriate choice of therapy in a given clinical setting.


Role of voluntary agencies in promoting breast-feeding.


Symposium on breast feeding: host resistance factors.


Nutrition and economics in the modern world.


Significance of breast-feeding in developing countries.


Techniques of breast-feeding.

Techniques of breast-feeding.


Introducing breast-feeding into modern health services.


Measurement of growth and development of infants under 20 months of age in Shanghai.


Women's liberation and breast-feeding.

Women's liberation and breast-feeding.


"British births 1970. Vol 1. The first week of life".


Resuscitation and the midwife.

Resuscitation and the midwife.


A case of fetal hibernation?

A case of fetal hibernation?


Change is not necessarily progress.

Change is not necessarily progress.


Characteristics and attitudes of mothers who choose to breast feed their babies.


More than band aids, bunions, and blisters.


The colposcopic examination--aid in detecting cervical cancer.


Just what is life?

Just what is life?


Sex education for delinquent boys--unveiling the taboo.


Physical examination. 17: neurological examination.


Oral contraceptives: how best to explain their effects to patients.


Safety precautions: protecting your patients & yourself. Part two.


Intracranial pressure: fact & fancy.

Intracranial pressure: fact & fancy.


Trauma care: expect the unexpected. Nursing grand rounds.


How white blood cells are collected.

How white blood cells are collected.


Someone should represent nurses.

Someone should represent nurses.


Sacked for being ill.

Sacked for being ill.


If you like people and variety, become an industrial nurse.


Where research is needed.

Where research is needed.


Compressed air code.

Compressed air code.


Nurse-faculty census 1974.

Nurse-faculty census 1974.


Some statistics on baccalaureate and higher degree programs in nursing--1974-1975.


Designing teaching strategies.

Designing teaching strategies.


Editorial: On being a woman.

Editorial: On being a woman.


Professional transition: nurse to nurse-midwife.


The AD nurse: a nursing service perspective.


Foreign and American nurses: reactions and interactions.


A relationship of existential philosophy to psychiatric nursing.


Microbiology made relevant.

Microbiology made relevant.


Stimulating faculty involvement.

Stimulating faculty involvement.


From LVN to RN in one year.

From LVN to RN in one year.


Editorial: Whither he and/or she going?

Editorial: Whither he and/or she going?


Continuing education in state universities.


Men nursing students: how they perceive their situation: conflict between expectations and reality.


Men nursing students:how they perceive their situation. A student surveys his classmates.


The use of self as a family therapist.

The use of self as a family therapist.


Health care and minority clients.

Health care and minority clients.


A five-level articulated program.

A five-level articulated program.


Repatterning an ineffective mother-daughter attachment.


Commentary on professional ethics.

Commentary on professional ethics.


Editiorial: Rejection can be a challenge!


An experimental nursing study: a behavior modification approach to nursing therapeutics in body positioning of spinal cord-injured patients. Ten spinal cord-injured patients at a rehabilitation center were randomly assigned to two groups: one group received behavior modification training in body positioning, the other group received customary body positioning nursing care. Body positioning behaviors were modified through demonstration of body positions and shaping of body position moves with attention from the nurse as the positive reinforcer. Following treatment, the behavior modification group showed significant change in increased frequencies of daily changes of position and patient-initiated changes of position; in decreases assistance needed for change of position, and in decreased frequencies of intervals of prolonged skin pressure. There was no significant change in frequency of face lying or participation in ward activities of daily living. Replications of the study are needed for confirmation of findings.


Attitudes toward alternative models of unions and professional associations. Within the occupation of nursing a synthesis of union and profession has been occurring so that "new" images of the profession and of unions are not as divergent as they traditionally were. To investigate whether nurses and nursing students are responding in terms of the traditional or the newer images of unions and professions, the relationship between motivations for entering nursing and attitudes toward unions and the profession were examined among 75 nurses and nursing students. Some support was given to the idea that nurses still respond to unions and the profession in terms of the traditional images although there was some suggestion, when comparing nursing students with nurses, that response patterns may be changing.


Patient responses to being transferred during hospitalization. When eight clinical nurse specialists and a nurse research consultant studied within-hospital transfers of patients, they found that most patients knew the reason for transfer and were neutral in reaction about it. There were no differences for sex, previous hospitalizations, frequency of transfer, age, or clinical nursing unit from which they were transferred.


Tasting what they learn.

Tasting what they learn.


Working with geriatrics.

Working with geriatrics.


Peptic ulcers.

Peptic ulcers.


Impetigo.

Impetigo.


How to get more out of that next meeting.


Changing perceptions of organizational communication: can short-term intervention help? An intervention activity commensurate with specific organizational goals, directed to short-term change efforts to alter employee perceptions about their satisfaction, about such work activitiesas communication, and about opportunities to make job-related innovations was implemented for emergency room personnel in a large West Coast metropolitan hospital. When evaluated, using a research design which reduced validity threats in interpreting results, perceptions about some aspects of work were found to be more susceptible to change through short interventions than were others.


Hyperactive children.

Hyperactive children.


Letter: Quality of nursing research studies.


Human sexuality course evaluation.

Human sexuality course evaluation. A three-day human sexuality program was offered in 1974 to medical, nursing, and graduate psychology students for the second consecutive year at the University of Cincinnati. The program was designed to cover a wide range of topics; supply accurate information; encourage participants to question, explore, and assess their own sexual attitudes; and help participants develop a more tolerant attitude toward sexual beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors of others. The Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Test and an evaluation form were used to measure students' pre- and postcourse knowledge, attitudes, and opinions. The total group of 186 subjects registered a significant difference between mean scores of the pre- and postcourse tests. When examined separately, nursing and medical students showed significant changes in attitudes and knowledge scores. Results of the three-day program were compared with those of a five-day program given the previous year. A profile analysis showed the differences in nursing and medical students in pre- and postcourse scores. An evaluation form demonstrated how each group of students felt about the course. This study documented that human sexuality content should be included in nursing and medical curriculums and demonstrated that an introductory concentrated course is an effective interdisciplinary experience for nursing and medical students.


Speaking of you.

Speaking of you.


What's new in food.

What's new in food.


Population explosion?-A dissenting view.


Psychological response to myocardial infarction.


Letter: Preparation of the breast for breastfeeding.


Sexuality, nursing practice, and the person with cardiac disease.


Research Q and A What is preproposal? What are its component parts? Is it an effective instrument in assessing funding potential of research ideas?


Labor and birth: expectations and outcomes.


Editorial: The courage to complain.

Editorial: The courage to complain.


The subjective aspects of coronary care. An exit questionnaire to measure satisfaction with selected aspects of coronary care was given to patients following discharge from coronary care units in 11 community hospitals in the Intermountain West. Although overall satisfaction was found to be high, the responses indicated significant differences (p less than .01) in patient satisfaction among the dimensions examined. The central findings suggest the need for more attention to the nontechnical aspects of care, especially reduction of emotional trauman and improved interpersonal relations. Practical implicattions of these and other findings for the nursing profession as well as for coronary care are discussed.


Foresight prevents blindness.

Foresight prevents blindness.


Doctoral programs for nurses:trends, questions, and projected plans. Part i: trends, questions, and issues on doctoral programs.


Priorities.

Priorities.


The mind of the kidnapper.

The mind of the kidnapper.


Modern trends in nursing. Part 2: effective management through partnership; objective thinking at the top.


Professional autonomy and the work satisfaction of nursing educators. The importance and satisfaction associated with 21 characteristics of a nurse faculty position were examined, using 1974 questionnaire data from schools of nursing at four major state universities. Teaching, supportive colleagues, keeping clinical knowledge current, and faculty autonomy were seen as the most important aspects of the job by the 154 nursing educators surveyed, while salary, fringe benefits, and other extrinsic rewards ranked substantially lower in importance. Satisfaction with the more important conditions was generally low, with lack of faculty participation in decision making a particularly noteworthy source of dissatisfaction. Importance and satisfaction ranking of the 21 characteristics remained fairly stable across the four schools and across groups broken down by martial status, experience, and other personal attributes. Increased professional autonomy, it was suggested, would benefit faculty morale, recruitment, retention, and overall effectiveness in nursing education.


Modern trends in nursing. Part 2: teamwork in the ward.


Modern trends in nursing. Part 2: open forum.


Diabetic pregnancy.

Diabetic pregnancy.


Influencing individual and public responses.


Editorial: The Rcn fight for rights.

Editorial: The Rcn fight for rights.


Too old at 60?

Too old at 60?


A message to all British nurses and to their professional organisations and trade unions from Leonid Plyushch.


Nursing care study: paranoid schizophrenia.


Treating them as normal. 4. Try again!

Treating them as normal. 4. Try again!


Paediatric psychiatry. 6. Childhood psychosis reconsidered.


The changing pattern of urinary tract stone disease.


The treatment of malodorous wounds.

The treatment of malodorous wounds.


A holiday centre for spastics.

A holiday centre for spastics.


Male domination ahead?

Male domination ahead?


Catering for old age. The Whiteley Village community.


Editorial: Ward design--for patient or nurse?


A touch of anarchy.

A touch of anarchy.


Focus on Colchester-1.

Focus on Colchester-1.


A guide for patients: the care of diabetes during illness.


Patients who talk and die after a non-missile head injury.


Psychiatric problems of late adolescence.


Drugs used in the treatment of mental disorder.


That villain milk. T. C. G. Smith, MB, ChB, describes the problem of milk intolerance in babies.


The quiet group.

The quiet group.


Immunization. A continuing need.

Immunization. A continuing need. Many vaccines are available to prevent potentially fatal disease. It is especially important for all of us who provide care to review periodically the current recommendations, since they are not static. Changes are based not only on the availability of improved vaccines, but also on knowledge of the diseases and altering societal and epidemiologic circumstances. We owe it to all our patients to be meticulous in maintaining up-to-date immunization records as well as to be knowledgeable about the indications and contraindications for each vaccine. Finally, it is important to remember that the immunization status of adults has been overlooked too often. This is no longer justifiable in light of current knowledge.


Pulmonary embolism.

Pulmonary embolism. Despite the difficulty in diagnosis and the detailed care necessary in both the acute and long-term management of the patient with pulmonary embolism, expertise in this area is requisite for the primary care physician who may expect to encounter this problem with moderate frequency among patients in his clinical practice.


Impotence.

Impotence. The first and most important assistance the physician can give to the patient who complains of impotence is to take him seriously. In most cases organic causes can be ruled out. Primary or total psychogenic impotence is also a rarity, and most cases are secondary and amenable to appropriate therapy.


Evaluating the seriousness of adolescent adjustment reactions. Adolescents can be expected to inflict some pain on their environment periodically, and complete conformity of an adolescent is not necessarily a sign of mental health. With the exception of some particular behaviors such as a suicide attempt, auditory hallucinations, or a school phobia, one cannot make a prediction about the existence of, or seriousness of, a psychological problem of an adolescent based solely on the occurrence of any one particular antisocial act. Such typical adolescent problems such as stealing, truancy, sexual involvements, and drug use can be either a normal part of adolescent growth, the manifestation of a situational stress reaction, or the indication of a serious personality disturbance or identity crisis. Only by putting this behavior into the framework of an adolescent's age, social situation, general stress factors and developmental history can one attempt to reach a true evaluation of the seriousness of his behavior. To put it simply, one must try to understand the individual, rather than judging the behavior itself. The type of evaluation outlined here is often difficult and time consuming, but in terms of the long range help that it can be both to the teenager who is using his behavior as a means of asking for help and for the normal teenager who just needs to be told that he is not carzy, this is time and effort well spent.


The noncompliant patient.

The noncompliant patient. The failure of patient to follow recommendations is present in all practices and can have dire consequences. Prevention is possible if the factors which may contribute to noncompliance are recognized. If the physician is alert to the existence of poor compliance in his practice, successful intervention can be achieved.


Infectious mononucleosis.

Infectious mononucleosis. Infectious mononucleosis is a unique disease in its hematologic aspects; it is different from the frequently occurring acute microbial diseases in that it affects primarily the reticuloendothelial system; and it is interesting serologically because of the heterophil antibody reaction, as well as the multiplicity of antibodies which may be produced. The diagnosis should be suspected clinically before hematology is reported - by remembering the prototypes. In fact, a patient between 16 and 25 years old who complains of sore throat and fever is more likely to have infectious mononucleosis than another disease; and if - in addition - he is jaundiced, a diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis is almost certain. Finally, a negative result of treatment with corticosteroid has the diagnostic significance mentioned above. Positive effect of treatment has no diagnostic significance.


Medical management of the patient with renal stones. Although the exact cause of renal stones is largely unknown, a greater knowledge of metabolic and other factors contributing to stone formation is the basis of current treatment. A practical program of medical management that is designed to prevent recurrent surgical procedures and the loss of renal function is outlined.


Vegetarian diets.

Vegetarian diets. A growing number of Americans are choosing to follow vegetarian diets. These diets can meet the nutritional needs of individuals of all ages. Vegetarians who eat eggs and/or milk and dairy products have no special problems in obtaining adequate nutrients. Pure vegetarians, who avoid all animal products, should pay particular attention to sources of protein, calcium, and riboflavin. Supplementation of vitamin B12 is indicated in these individuals. Guidelines for both good normal nutrition and therapeutic diets can be adapted for use with a vegetarian diet.


Practical prenatal care. I. Initial prenatal care. Most factors which place the mother or fetus at risk are present at the time of the initial prenatal visit or develop during the pregnancy and before admission to the hospital. As many as 40 per cent of all high risk patients may be detected at the initial prenatal visit.


Hiring a new health practitioner.

Hiring a new health practitioner. Individuals are now being trained to function at varying levels of expertise as primary care practitioners, and the selection of a new health practitioner appropriate to the physician's individual practice can prove to be an asset professionally, personally, and economically.


The well-positioned endotracheal tube.

The well-positioned endotracheal tube.


What's new in fluids and electrolytes?

What's new in fluids and electrolytes?


Organizing your acute-care teams.

Organizing your acute-care teams.


Take the ouch! out of suture removal.

Take the ouch! out of suture removal.


ECG mnemonic saves precious seconds.

ECG mnemonic saves precious seconds.


Nursing in industry.

Nursing in industry.


From Texas--bad news for nurses.

From Texas--bad news for nurses.


Where hope for mental retardees grows brighter.


"How I boosted my sagging career".

"How I boosted my sagging career".


Myasthenia and me.

Myasthenia and me.


What if your patient is also deaf?

What if your patient is also deaf?


Dos and don'ts of deaf-patient care.

Dos and don'ts of deaf-patient care.


Deaf-patient care: a special concern to me.


Thromboembolic disorders. Part 1: venous thrombosis.


Some aspects of mental retardation in a black community.


Management audit.

Management audit.


Nursing in a remote part of East Africa.


Reflections on nursing in Owambo.

Reflections on nursing in Owambo.


First-aid for shark attack.

First-aid for shark attack.


An open letter to an "embarrassed" young academician.


Further thoughts on "thihk revolution".

Further thoughts on "thihk revolution".


Complications in a case of surgically-corrected patent ductus arteriosus in an 8-month-old German Shepherd.


Surgical correction of avulsion of the origin of the long distal extensor muscle in the dog. (a case report).


Critical testing of Sansalidtm against intestinal helminths in dogs and cats.


Changes of electrophoretic pattern for female dogs from which mammary tumors had been removed.


Left atrial rupture. Infrequent sequel to chronic microvalvular insufficiency.


Atresia ani in a dog.

Atresia ani in a dog.


An unusual case of heartworm disease in a dog.


Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia of the membrana nictitans in a dog.


Otitis externa. I: incidence.

Otitis externa. I: incidence.


Articular pseudogout in a turtle (Chrysemys s. elegans).


Removal of Setaria digitata from the anterior chamber of the equine eye.


An equine abdominal surgery table.

An equine abdominal surgery table.


Observations on the reactions of mature stallions to the presence of menstruating women.


Surgical procedure for prevention of self-sucking in cattle. (a photographic essay).


Erysipelothrix insidiosa septicemia in neonatal calves.


Stay away from stock salesmen.

Stay away from stock salesmen.


How to "divorce" an associate.

How to "divorce" an associate.


Use of low-cost photo equipment to deter crime.


The benefits of letting clients view surgery.


Affirmative action: toward quality nursing care for a multiracial society.


Unique needs of ethnic minority clients in a multiracial society: implications for quality nursing care.


Toward quality nursing care for a multiracial society.


Unique needs of ethnic minority clients in a multiracial society: a biological perspective.


Unique needs of ethnic minority clients in a multiracial society: a psychosocial perspective.


Unique needs of ethnic minority clients in a multiracial society: a socio-cultural perspective.


Removing barriers to quality care in a multiracial society: a health care delivery organization perspective.


Removing barriers to quality care in a multiracial society.


Removing barriers to quality care in a multiracial society: an individual perspective.


Association of a penicillin resistance gene with a tetracycline resistance plasmid (PTP-2) in Staphylococcus aureus. On transduction with a lysogenic strain of Straphylococcus aureus isolated from a clinical specimen and having tetracycline (TC)-penicillin (PC)-chloramphenicol (CP)-resistant plasmids, the three-drug-resistant strain was frequently obtained. By repeatedly transducing from this strain, a strain (TP-2) having stable resistance to TC and PC could be obtained. In transformation with the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of TP-2 as donor, all of the transformants obtained by selecting with either TC or PC were both TC and PC resistant. According to electron microscopy study of the covalently closed circular DNA of TP-2, the plasmid DNA size was 1.37 +/- 0.03 mum (2.84 x 10(6) daltons). The plasmid (P(TP-2)) is presumed to be a new plasmid in which the PC resistance gene was integrated into the TC-resistant plasmid.


PC-904, a novel broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin with marked antipseudomonal activity: microbiological evaluation. PC-904, sodium 6-{d(-)-alpha-(4-hydroxy-1,5-naphthyridine-3-carboxamido) phenylacetamido}-penicillanate, is a novel semisynthetic penicillin derivative that possesses a broad spectrum of in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities. In low concentrations, PC-904 inhibits growth against large proportions of the gram-positive and gram-negative organisms susceptible to carbenicillin and gentamicin. In addition, PC-904 is several times more potent than carbenicillin against organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella, Salmonella, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Bacteroides fragilis. Most striking are the inhibitory effects of PC-904 against P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae. Against these two clinical isolates, PC-904 is, respectively, 35 and 100 times more active than carbenicillin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of PC-904 against P. aeruginosa are comparable to those of gentamicin. PC-904 acts bactericidally. The effect of inoculum size on the antibacterial activity is often small and generally comparable to carbenicillin. The rate of binding to serum protein is high (88 to 98%), but the effect of the addition of serum on the drug's activity is not marked, because such binding is reversible. It is confirmed that PC-904 has a very potent in vivo antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. Against systemic infections with P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, and E. coli in mice, PC-904 is 7 to 10 times, over 8 times, and 2 to 15 times more active than carbenicillin, respectively.


Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of 250 Bacteriodes fragilis subspecies tested by broth microdilution methods. Broth dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests and biochemical identification of Bacteroides fragilis subspecies were performed by micromethods, yielding results within 48 to 72 h of isolation. The subspecies had similar minimal inhibitory concentration end points.


An open letter to physicians using the OR suite.


Reach for tomorrow.

Reach for tomorrow.


Management of conflict.

Management of conflict.


Esophagus replacement.

Esophagus replacement.


Looking ahead to AORN's goals, direction.


AORN's role in approval of CE in nursing.


Standards for sponge, needle, and instrument procedures.


Standards for preoperative skin preparation of patients.


Standards for surgical hand scrubs.

Standards for surgical hand scrubs.


Standards for inhospital packaging material.


Inhospital packaging rationale.

Inhospital packaging rationale.


Transsphenoidal approach to pituitary adenomas.


Intra-aortic balloon pump.

Intra-aortic balloon pump.


Effects of legal restraint on the use of drugs: a review of empirical studies.


The epidemiology of self-reported drug misuse in the United Kingdom. Self-report methods are, in general, the only feasible way of obtaining information of the prevalence of drug misuse, other than opiate misuse, in the population. The present review examines the results of surveys of self-reported drug misuse conducted in the United Kingdom between 1968 and 1972 and discusses the findings in terms of the uses of epidemiology. The evidence from the surveys suggests that by 1972, a higher proportion of students in higher education, particularly those following courses in the social sciences, admitted to having ever misused controlled drugs compared with the general population of similar age. There were considerable local and regional variations in the prevalence of self-reported misuse. The majority of those who admitted to having ever misused drugs in the samples surveyed since 1970 said they had misused cannabis. The only individual characteristics that were found to be consistently associated with admitting to having ever misused drugs were favourable attitudes to drugs and slightly elevated neuroticism scores.


Some determinants of psychological deficits associated with chronic cannabis consumption. The present study was done in order to investigate the following general hypothesis: "Other conditions being equal, the lower the non-drug level of proficiency on tests of cognitive and psychomotor performance the smaller the size of function deficit associated with drug taking". Twelve objective tests generating 16 test variables were administered to 850 chronic cannabis takers and 839 comparable non-takers, all males ranging in age between 15 and 50 years and representing various positions on "literacy-illiteracy" and "urbanism-ruralism". Six specific predictions were formulated; (1) Performance on the test is expected to be correlated with the level of leteracy of the subject. (2) the lower the level of literacy the smaller the size of function deficit associated with cannabis taking. (3) Performance on the tests is expected to be correlated with the level of urbanism of the subject. (4) The lower the level of urbanism (i.e. more ruralism) the smaller the size of function deficit associated with drug taking. (5) Performance on the tests is expected to correlate inversely with age. (6) The older the subject the smaller the amount of function deficit associated with cannabis consumption. All our predictions were confirmed. The consistency of these results raises the possibility that a basic regularity governing the relationship between cannabis consumption and psychological-function deficit is being uncovered. The suggestion was made that our major hypothesis might prove valid with regard to the area of acute effects of cannabis taking as well. Our hypothesis was shown to provide a broad framework capable of integrating a number of conflicting reports both in the area of long term and that of short term cannabis use.


On the occurrence of antipyrine in opium.


The measurement and comparison of the democratic versus autocratic attitudinal change of the B.S.c. (Nursing) students of the University of Ibadan during the 1972/3 academic session.


Judging and reporting on student nurse clinical performance: some problems for the ward sister.


The critical incident technique in evaluating student nurse performance.


On the nature and incidence of staff--patient interactions in hospitals for the mentally handicapped.


Can nursing research learn from educational research?


Editorial: Reassessing priorities.

Editorial: Reassessing priorities.


The teaching of geriatrics to health visitor students.


Diphtheria--analysis of an outbreak.

Diphtheria--analysis of an outbreak.


The menopause--a new illness?

The menopause--a new illness?


Implementing a quarterly calendar of continuing education activities in nursing in Indiana.


The minute sequence intravenous pyelogram as a screening tool for renal vascular hypertension.


Interactive television in nursing continuing education.


The evaluation of chloroprocaine in combination with bupivacaine for brachial plexus anesthesia and application of nerve blockade monitor placement.


An editorial exploration: What has been happening at UTSSN?


The benefits of direct performance tests.


Patterns of duodenitis: a retrospective study.


High-pressure injection injuries to the hand: report of 18 cases.


Areawide educational evaluation.

Areawide educational evaluation.


Landmark statement: SOS concerns about continuing education.


Facial fractures: the mandible.

Facial fractures: the mandible.


Osteomyelitis of the skull: report of three cases.


Going bare.

Going bare.


Some methods of applying counterstrain.

Some methods of applying counterstrain.


Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura occurring despite absence of the spleen: report of case.


Seminoma appearing as a retroperitoneal mass associated with a testicular scar.


Continuing education--a reality for the rural nurse.


Obstacles to regional continuing education in nursing.


ANA Council update.

ANA Council update.


Skeletal traction and cast fixation for fractures of the distal portion of the forearm.


Heroin addiction, methadone maintenance, and pregnancy.


Summary of site and occurrence of paraspinal soft tissue changes of patients in the intensive care unit.


Nursing home administrator roles - an overview.


The teaching of aged adults.

The teaching of aged adults.


Entry into professional practice: the New York proposal.


Facilities planning: a discussion.

Facilities planning: a discussion.


Four theories of leadership.

Four theories of leadership.


Home care makes sense today.

Home care makes sense today.


Cry for help: suicide in the aged.

Cry for help: suicide in the aged.


Gerontological nurse practitioner: change agents in the health care delivery systems for the aged.


Dreams and reality: where do they meet.

Dreams and reality: where do they meet.


Part I: preventing injury and promoting rehabilitation. Specialized care of the spinal cord injured patient.


Measuring quality of nursing care. Part one.


Editorial: Gerontological nursing--a new experience for some nurses.


Where is gerontology in the curriculum?

Where is gerontology in the curriculum?


Did we do that to him?

Did we do that to him?


SIDS: an unsolved mystery.

SIDS: an unsolved mystery.


Crisis intervention in the neonatal intensive care unit.


The decision to strike.

The decision to strike.


Competency based math curricula.

Competency based math curricula.


Mothers as weight watchers: the road to child health in the village.


Nutrition education--or education in child care?


The thyroid gland in kwashiorkor: a pathologic study.


The community census as a basis for health programmes.


The health care team demonstration: an experiment in rural health training for nursing and medical studies in Central Africa.


Approximate model for estimating the potential reduction of malnutrition and mortality by various interventions.


Guidelines for school-police cooperation in drug abuse policy department.


Elements of tort liability as applied to athletic injuries. It has been the purpose of this paper to stress the legal issues that could face physical education and athletic personnel in schools. A number of generalizations have been focused upon with the help of specific cases from legal records. The law is not always as clear-cut as many of the cases indicate. Gray areas are often present in defendent/plaintiff battles. Should a legal case grow out of your program, get a good lawyer. In the meantime, use foreseeability and take every reasonable precaution to prevent torts from occurring.


Priorities in prenatal education.

Priorities in prenatal education.


A prevention program with punch--the national PTA's Alcohol education Project.


A study of health policies in public school administration.


Serial estriol determinations in high-risk pregnancies: implications for primary care nursing.


Professional preparation of the health educator. A report of a forum sponsored by the ASHA Committee on College Health Education and Professional Preparation.


School health in America: a summary report of a survey of state school health programs.


Contemporary influences on sexual response. 1. The work ethic.


Colposcopy--what is it?

Colposcopy--what is it?


A fetal intensive care nursing program.

A fetal intensive care nursing program.


The adolescent parent: one approach to teaching child care and giving support.


Learning about sex education from children (or, what kids want to know about sex and aren't afraid to ask.


Teacher-counselors as mental health intermediaries.


Project Teen Concern: an educational approach to the prevention of venereal disease and premature parenthood.


Complexities of smoking education.

Complexities of smoking education.


Using a teacher's health observation form to evaluate school child health.


A survey of drug use beliefs, opinions and behaviors among junior and senior high school students. Part one: group data.


A time to be born. The story of Mark.

A time to be born. The story of Mark.


A measurement of the improvement of attitudes toward death.


Alcohol education and the elementary school teacher.


The development of instruments to measure attitudes toward abortion and knowledge of abortion. An abortion-attitude scale and an abortion knowledge inventory that may be used by health educators, counselors, and researchers in order to assess attitudes toward abortion, knowledge of abortion, and to determine the relationship between  these 2 factors was developed.  The information obtained can be used to assist in the development of educati onal programs and curricula and to aid counselors in becoming more helpf ul to the students.  The instruments were constructed from a sample of undergraduate students at Brooklyn College of the City University of New York.  All students were from randomly selected classes and participated voluntarily.  The instruments were completed during the summer of 1973.  The Abortion-Attitude Scale is a 5-point summated rating scale designed to determine each subject's positive or negative attitude toward abortion as a birth control method.  The Abortion-Knowledge Inventory has a 4-option multiple choice format, designed to determine each subject's knowledge about abortion.  The mean attitude score for the final administration to 527 students was 116.6 which falls almost halfway between 90 (undecided) and 150 (fully in favor), indicating a generally liberal attitude.  The mean knowledge scores for the 527 students was 16.1 which is equal to a percentage score of 54%.  In order to determine the relationship between attitudes toward and knowledge of abortion as birth control, scores on the 2 scales were correlated.  The results indicate a moderate and statistically significant relationship.  It appears that with more knowledge about abortion the students tended to have more favorable attitudes.


A five-year plan for designing and implementing a statewide health education curriculum in Maryland.


Conflicts of a secundigravida.

Conflicts of a secundigravida.


Oral contraceptives: women's rights, nurses' responsibilities.


Body image concerns of a multipara in the situation of intrauterine fetal death.


The importance of ethics and etiquette to the nursing profession.


Nurses' Education Board of New South Wales survey findings.


The disease of alcoholism.

The disease of alcoholism.


The play therapist at the Manning River District Hospital, Taree.


On your mark... the Examination Development Centre.


"The present preparation of the student; is it meeting present needs?" Findings of a curriculum workshop.


Activities of the generalist community nurse.


Patient care guides; practical information for public health nurses.


Loss of resistance to methicillin and other antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus associated with a chronic empyema. A chronic empyema was investigated in a patient during a period of seven years. A strain of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin and four other antibiotics was isolated and the loss of all these determinants was shown to occur in vitro. A similarly sensitive organism was obtained directly from the patient during the later stages of his illness and the homogeneity of the phage patterns indicate that the organism was a true variant which evolved from the highly resistant one.


What are the legal risks inherent in performing the role of the nurse practitioner?


Prescribing a contraceptive method.

Prescribing a contraceptive method.


Arthroscopy.

Arthroscopy.


Perceptions of activities performed in ambulatory care settings.


Problem-oriented peer review. Part two.

Problem-oriented peer review. Part two.


Motivation of the immobilized orthopedic patient.


The nurse practitioner as an economic reality.


Lateral position for catheterizing female orthopedic patients.


The editor's column: Nurse practitioners.


Light at the end of the tunnel.

Light at the end of the tunnel.


Writing an article for publications: Part one.


Models for moppets.

Models for moppets.


Child abuse.

Child abuse.


A vaginitis protocol that helps teach.

A vaginitis protocol that helps teach.


Hearing screening in children: a self study guide for nursing practitioners.


Perspectives on aspirin, part 1: aspirin as an analgesic.


Type of nursing education and the nurse practitioner experience.


What is the current status of third party reimbursement for nurse practitioners?


Nurse practitioner: victor or victim of an ailing health care system?


Nurse practitioners: nursing's contribution to quality care in nursing homes.


The microhematocrit: technique and applications.


Writing an article for publication: part two.


Over-the-counter gastro-intestinal drugs: part one, antacids.


Perspectives on aspirin, part 2: aspirin as an anticoagulant--potentials for risk and benefit.


When does one choose which legal structure in which to practice as a nurse practitioner?


The evolution of psychiatric liaison nursing.


Creative process and its relation to sense of self, separateness, and reality.


Mutual withdrawal: the non-participant in a therapeutic community.


Commentary on the new "therapies".

Commentary on the new "therapies".


"Teletherapy": or how to use videotape feedback to enhance group process.


A fable.

A fable.


Teaching-learning strategies in baccalaureate nursing education.


The curriculum process and teaching-learning strategies.


A model for implementing teaching-learning strategies.


People power pressures-problems-persuasion-patients-perspectives.


Teaching-learning strategies for baccalaureate nursing education.


Management, communications--people power perspective.


A nursing care--study on keloid.

A nursing care--study on keloid.


Now is the time: need for a review of the syllabus of the basic nursing education.


Administrative perspective on people power--hospital administrator's viewpoint.


Education, not just training.

Education, not just training.


Administrative perspective on people power--community health viewpoint.


The nurse in society.

The nurse in society.


People power.

People power.


The idea of student status for nursing students.


Administrative perspective on people power--director of nursing service viewpoint.


Education for the health care providers--a nursing care concept.


Nurses must go to court--guilty or not guilty? The value of an inservice educational programme.


The Professional Association of Trained Nurses of Nigeria.


A summary of people power.

A summary of people power.


Editorial: Sounding board.

Editorial: Sounding board.


The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act. What it is and how it works.


People power. Reactor Panel.

People power. Reactor Panel.


Proposals for co-operation in nursing field among sister states of West African Health Secretariat.


The nurse as a manager.

The nurse as a manager.


No more Wednesday matinees.

No more Wednesday matinees.


Is history of nursing alive and well?

Is history of nursing alive and well?


Quality assurance and nursing education: a nursing service director's view.


Editorial: Our community shouldn't remain ignorant.


Teaching by testing.

Teaching by testing.


Doctoral preparation in nursing... is it worth it?


O.R. Clinical experience: catalyst for student learning.


In support of the generic baccalaureate degree program.


Symposium on teaching and rehabilitating the cardiac patient.


The role of the nurse in patient education. Focus: the cardiac patient. Although nursing perceives patient teaching as an essential function, there is significant disparity between policy and practice. The evidence cited shows that nurses are not doing effective, consistent patient teaching and are not perceived by patients and doctors as competent in patient teaching. It appears that nurses do not view patient teaching as a priority and that nurses are not held accountable for patient teaching. Patient teaching seems to be done only "if there is time." It is often done on an informal and largely voluntary basis by motivated nurses. Nurses must awaken to the fact that patient education is not a luxury, but a necessity if patients are to receive maximum benefit from today's knowledge of treatment, prevention, and control of disease. Multiple factors interfere with nurse's doing adequate patient teaching, including inadequate preparation to teach and discrepancies in acceptance of teaching as the nurse's role. These obstacles can be overcome; they must be overcome if nursing is to make a significant contribution toward quality health care.


Physical assessment of the patient with cardiac disease.


A program for rehabilitation in coronary heart disease. A practical, easily applied approach to coronary heart disease rehabilitation has been reviewed. Good rehabilitation is nothing more than total patient care that begins on admission to hospital and continues for the remainder of the patient's life. Optimization of medical care, psychosocial and vocational adjustment, activity progression, reconditioning, and patient education must be constantly sought at all stages of the program. Consistency and thoroughness can be assured through the use of a few helpful forms and handouts. The real and potential benefits of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program amply justify the effort in all clinical settings.


Techniques in cardiac diagnosis.

Techniques in cardiac diagnosis.


Cardiac catheterization. Technique and teaching.


The patient with congestive heart failure. Teaching implications. If a decrease in hospital readmissions and a reduction in the length of hospital stays as well as an improvement in the general health and quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure can occur with an educational process, then efforts in this direction should continue and be constantly improved. There is no magic formula in helping patients learn. The success of the teaching will depend on the individual patient's ability, willingness, and understanding, but it also depends on the ability, knowledge, imagination, and effort put forth on the part of the nurse teacher. Organizing group classes and employing pre-printed instructions and information, instead of on-the-spot written instructions by each individual teacher, are ways to enhance the success of the teaching as well as increasing interest on the part of the patients. Although these methods were not discussed by this author here, their use needs to be explored.


Patient education and the prevention of endocarditis. Bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis has received scant attention in nursing and medical literature in the past. Nurses must participate in prevention as well as in curative measures to enable patients to enjoy optimal health. Information about the manifestations, risk, and prevention of B.E. as well as successful patient approaches has been presented to assist the reader to recognize susceptible patients and to teach them protective measures.


Group intervention for wives of myocardial infarction patients.


Myocardial infarction and stress.

Myocardial infarction and stress. Some stress and adaptation are necessary in life. Scientific study is showing, however, a significant correlation between stress and coronary artery disease when the stress is continuous or extreme. It is becoming increasingly clear that although mortality has fallen to 8% in some of our CCU's no program for the reduction of morbidity and mortality of patients with coronary artery disease will be complete until we understand its relationship to stress and the difficulties of pre- and posthospital life. We, as nurses, hav a unique responsibility and challenge as we care for the whole person, his life, his faith, and his hope. Bodily effects of stress can be minimized by supportive interpersonal relationships and patient education.


Sexuality and the middle-aged cardiac patient. Counseling for the resumption of sexual activity deserves as much attention in a cardiac rehabilitation program as walking or jogging. Research findings enable the counselor to give specific sexual advice. The energey expenditure during coitus for long-married couples is equivalent to that of climbing stairs, and consequently the risk of heart attack is low. However, clustering of psychosocial and physiologic demands, such as illicit affairs, outbursts of anger, alcohol, and hearty meals, may precipitate reinfarction or death. A sexual activities program is successful only if each partner is committed to give and receive pleasure. Knowledgeable and sensitive counseling will enable the couple to explore extra-coital options for lovemaking prior to the resumption of intercourse. This writer has observed that once couples are "turned on" to the pleasuring exercises, coital activity is attempted at an earlier date without untoward side effects in the cardiac patient.


Neurosis and primal therapy.

Neurosis and primal therapy.


Smoking and the heart patient.

Smoking and the heart patient. It has been shown that inhaled smoke and its toxic constituents, specifically nicotine and carbon monoxide, are positively correlated with an increase in the incidence, progression, and lethal consequences of coronary heart disease. Smoking is a complex habit made up of both pharmacologic and psychosociologic determinants. Unlearning the habit may take time. The nurse is an ideal person to counsel the hospitalized smoker, since she is close to the patient and is seen by the patient as a credible health worker. Once the smoker has begun his relearning process the biggest problem will be staying off cigarettes in the months and years that follow. Family members should be included in the counseling process as they will be needed for support and encouragement. Follow-up is necessary either on a one-to-one basis or in a smoking clinic. In addition to counseling, the nurse has a responsibility to speak our publicly to maintain optimum smoking health standards.


Dynamics of teaching-learning interaction.


The nurse-midwife in the obstetric health team.


Feeding patients with dysphagia.

Feeding patients with dysphagia.


An approach to curriculum evaluation at the master's level.


The 6th and 7th day.

The 6th and 7th day.


Nursing responsibility in child abuse.

Nursing responsibility in child abuse. The major intent of this presentation was to demonstrate: nursing responsibility according to legal mandate, using the example of legislation signed into Michigan Public Law in September, 1975; components of child abuse and neglect services including identification, reporting, diagnosing, and treatment; and to identify for other health professionals providing services to families and children, the nurse's role in dealing with the child abuse and neglect phenomenon.


Equipment planning: how to make the numbers work.


The impact of new planning legislation on health care institutions.


Social forces and factors influencing nursing education in India.


Myocardial infarction--a nursing care study.


Process of curriculum planning.

Process of curriculum planning.


Editorial: The pendulum of priorities.

Editorial: The pendulum of priorities.


Caring for the mentally handicapped.

Caring for the mentally handicapped.


Disorders of the foot.

Disorders of the foot.


The problem of shoes.

The problem of shoes.


Focus on Colchester - 2.

Focus on Colchester - 2.


Water depletion in mentally disturbed elderly patients.


Nursing care study: a kind of success. Part 1.


Occult manifestations of septic abortion.


Metabolic bone disease.

Metabolic bone disease.


A family of their own.

A family of their own.


A Pay Research Unit for NHS nurses and midwives?


Group therapy for parents of mentally handicapped children.


Whither education, or withered education?


Specimen testing.

Specimen testing.


Management of patients at risk for fetal malformation.


Professional relationships.

Professional relationships.


Nurses are human, too.

Nurses are human, too.


The qualities of nursing.

The qualities of nursing.


Organic psychoses.

Organic psychoses.


Paget's disease.

Paget's disease.


Legal problems in psychiatry.

Legal problems in psychiatry.


Editorial: Salmon-the first ten years.

Editorial: Salmon-the first ten years.


The lost leaders.

The lost leaders.


Clinical nurse consultant in anaesthetics.


The role of the clinical nurse consultant.


Clinical nurse consultant in stoma care.


Nursing care study: survival-against the odds.


Effective preparation for examinations.

Effective preparation for examinations.


Paediatric psychiatry. 7. Conduct disorder reconsidered.


The liability of nurses for professional negligence.


An investigation of antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in general practice.


Peptic ulcer disease.

Peptic ulcer disease. Commentary and update: X-ray diagnosis, gastric analysis, and endoscopic biopsy cytology; dietary therapy, antacids, and anticholinergics.


Potassium. The intracellular cation.

Potassium. The intracellular cation. Normally the concentration of potassium in the extracellular space is maintained within relatively narrow bounds; in disease, these boundaries may be exceeded. Hyperkalemia and sometimes hypokalemia must be considered medical emergencies, to be treated promptly, effectively, and appropriately.


Abdominal pain in children.

Abdominal pain in children. Chronic vague abdominal pain is an extremely common complaint in children over 5 years, with a peak incidence in the 8 to 10 year group. In over 90 per cent of the cases no serious underlying organic disease will be discovered. Most disease states can be ruled out by a careful history, a meticulous physical examination, and a few simple laboratory tests such as urinalysis, sedimentation rate, hemoglobin, white blood count determination, and examination of a blood smear. If organic disease is present there are often clues in the history and the examination. The kidney is often the culprit--an intravenous pyelogram should be done if disease is suspected. Barium enema is the next most valuable test. Duodenal ulcers and abdominal epilepsy are rare and are over-diagnosed. If no organic cause is found, the parents must be convinced that the pain is real, and that "functional" does not mean "imaginary." This is best explained by comparing with "headache"--the headache resulting from stress and tension hurts every bit as much as the headache caused by a brain tumor or other intracranial pathology. Having convinced the patient and his parents that no serious disease exists, no further investigation should be carried out unless new signs or symptoms appear. The child must be returned to full activity immediately.


Abnormalities of extracellular fluid volume and sodium concentration. Each of the five true hyponatremias is discussed as a defect in the free water-excreting mechanisms of the body, in order to formulate a rational approach to diagnosis and treatment. One artificial and three real causes of elevations in plasma sodium are also discussed.


Fungal infections of the skin.

Fungal infections of the skin. Fungial infections of the skin can be diagnosed and treated in a simple, economic manner. They must first be properly identified so that specific, effective therapy can be instituted.


The current status of hip replacement.

The current status of hip replacement. Total hip arthroplasty, since the release of methylmethacrylate, is being performed in this country at the rate of about 15,000 per year. For the older patient, virtual absence of pain, improved function, and a short-term rehabilitative effort, make total hip arthroplasty the procedure of choice in the treatment of severe noninfected hip disease. For other patients, successful salvage of previously failed hip surgeries is now possible. Finally, there are those younger patients for whom no other form of therapy is possible to provide pain-free function. Although not a panacea for all hip disease, the total hip arthroplasty has provided pain-free existence with improved function and a return to a useful life for patients with previously inoperable hip disease, no matter what the etiology.


Moles that cause concern.

Moles that cause concern. It is strongly recommended that any pigmented lesion which cannot be diagnosed with certainty as benign should be excised and pathologically examined. In addition, any mole which is removed, no matter for what purpose, whether it is suspected of having malignant or premalignant changes or for cosmetic and functional purposes, should always be pathologically examined. If the lesion is suspected of showing malignant change, then if technically possible it should be completely excised. If the location is such, or if it is a sufficiently large lesion, that a simple complete excision cannot be performed at that time, then it is justifiable and good medical practice to do an incisional biopsy. However, if the pathological report shows that the tumor is malignant then the necessary radical surgery should be performed within 7 to 10 days of the initial biopsy. Under these circumstances, incisional biopsy does not adversely affect the prognosis. Under these circumstances, the incisional biopsy prevents unnecessary radical and sometimes mutilating surgery being performed for the treatment of a benign pigmented tumor.


Grief, mourning, and pathological mourning. An individual may present with a multitude of symptoms following an acute loss. Helping the patient go through the essential "grief work" may prevent prolonged and serious alterations in social adjustment as well as potential medical disease.


Evaluating suicidal risk.

Evaluating suicidal risk. Suicide is seldom, if ever, a comfortable subject to deal with. Medical school curricula, for various reasons, are too often unable to include the subject in a useful way, and consequently physicians feel unprepared when confronted with a severely depressed or desperate patient in practice. In addition, suicide is an unsettling reality because it relects and reminds us of our own frailty and humanity. Nearly everyone has had an experience of depression or some fleeting thought of suicide at some time in his life. Growing up can often be almost unbearably painful at certain times during adolescence. Middle age inevitably brings with it losses, possibly of loved ones, and with this uncertainties about whether it is really all worth the effort. And as age advances, health and vigor and aspirations slowly depart. Exactly when, at times of crisis such as these, suicidal thoughts take over and lead to action is difficult to define, but the physician must always be prepared for this possibility. Factors have been described which may be useful in alerting the physician to the possibility of suicide. Physical illness may give rise to feelings of hopelessness to which the physician must stay attuned; the patient may also use physical illness as a pretext for seeking help for deeper things that trouble him. As Havens points out, neither reassurance, nor criticism, nor abbreviating the interview will help the situation of a desperate patient. Clarification of the patient's feelings and thoughts are mandatory. Psychiatric consultation can be an important adjunct in achieving this goal and may at times be life saving.


Second thoughts on dementia. Evaluation and management of patients with mild dementia. The early recognition of dementia along with consideration of differential diagnosis and elucidation of its underlying causes is of paramount importance because many of these conditions are remediable, given proper diagnosis and adequate treatment. The purpose of this article is to emphasize possible alternatives to the grim sentence of slowly progressive irreversible deterioration of personality and intellect when the verdict of dementia is pronounced.


Psychological aspects of family practice. The double diagnosis is a tool which can be used to develop an expanding ecologic perception of the patient and his illness. Intrafamily relationships can be related to the development of recurrent physical illness among family members, and an increased understanding of the relevance of such data can clarify the epidemiology of many clinical syndromes, thus allowing the formulation of a more comprehensive plan of medical management.


Footwear, feet and form.

Footwear, feet and form.


Diagnosis bilateral osteo-arthritis of knee.


Disc problems and the district nurse.

Disc problems and the district nurse.


Obesity.

Obesity.


Poise and movement.

Poise and movement.


Editorial: Are you competent to do what you are allowed to do?


Human sexuality: the training of health professionals.


Therapeutic abortion--some psychiatric aspects.


Providing medical care to the profoundly retarded requires initiative and innovation.


Psycho-geriatric patients need encouragement and acceptance.


Doctor-nurse communication.

Doctor-nurse communication.


A stopcock technique for unplugging I.V.s.


A simple way to insert a nasogastric tube into an intubated patient.


The case for outpatient breast biopsy.

The case for outpatient breast biopsy.


Nursing and research.

Nursing and research.


Newest treatment for cancer: immunotherapy.


Use mind control to ease your patients' ills.


Nursing decisions. 8. Experiences in clinical problem solving. Nora L., a disturbed patient with hypertension.


A lesson you won't learn in lectures.

A lesson you won't learn in lectures.


Antimicrobial drugs for septicemia.

Antimicrobial drugs for septicemia.


The need to wean--as much for mother as for baby? A challenge, a response, and a plan.


The psychiatrist in the surgical intensive-care unit.


And now, total elbow replacement in rheumatoid arthritis.


Good geriatric nutrition is a lifelong nursing matter.


Getting on with psychosocial care.

Getting on with psychosocial care.


We made teen-age health care free, but it wasn't easy.


The air prosthesis for amputees.

The air prosthesis for amputees.


Learn to fight rape--without hang-ups.

Learn to fight rape--without hang-ups.


Politics begins at work.

Politics begins at work.


Thromboembolic disorders. Part 2: arterial thrombosis and embolism.


Keeping in trim for "Code Blue".

Keeping in trim for "Code Blue".


A situational approach to supervision: leadership theory and the supervising nurse.


THEN: education control, NOW: control of practice.


The standards of nursing practice and the supervisor.


Rumblings of a mad feminist.

Rumblings of a mad feminist.


Evaluation of personnel.

Evaluation of personnel.


Methods improvement.

Methods improvement.


Training programs.

Training programs.


Changing employees' attitudes.

Changing employees' attitudes.


Editorial: A school for tokens.

Editorial: A school for tokens.


Law for the nurse supervisor. Right to psychiatric treatment.


The art and science of supervision. Maintaining your authority.


Law for the nurse supervisor: abuse of patients.


The patient--the centre of nursing.

The patient--the centre of nursing.


The art and science of supervision. Role ambiguity of nursing.


A look at your supervisory style.

A look at your supervisory style.


The nursing supervisor-burden or help?

The nursing supervisor-burden or help?


The migrate headache.

The migrate headache.


Coming to terms with Nurse Ratched.

Coming to terms with Nurse Ratched.


So you want to write!

So you want to write!


Evaluation as a two-way street.

Evaluation as a two-way street.


Burn prevention group teaching for victims.


Preventing assaultive behavior on a psychiatric unit.


Editorial: The cuckoo's nest and other traps.


A twelve-hour schedule experiment.

A twelve-hour schedule experiment.


Lead or be led?

Lead or be led?


Anesthesia for total joint replacement.

Anesthesia for total joint replacement.


Current concepts on the pharmacodynamics of adrenergic and cholinergic receptors.


Clinical anesthesia in spinal cord injuries.


The implications of pseudocholinesterase in anesthesia.


The right to privacy and the right to die.


The mentally retarded are people too!

The mentally retarded are people too!


Editorial: Tunnel visionaries.

Editorial: Tunnel visionaries.


Care of the critically ill newborn: in an infant care center.


Care of the critically ill newborn: Stimulation - a corollary to physical care.


Managment of the patient with an infected total hip arthroplasty.


A college contraceptive clinic.

A college contraceptive clinic.


Fine points in diabetic care.

Fine points in diabetic care.


The oral antidiabetic drugs: pro and con.


Students' rights.

Students' rights.


How to succeed in recruiting.

How to succeed in recruiting.


Patient assessment: neurological examination part III. Programmed instruction.


Secondary hyperaldosteronism.

Secondary hyperaldosteronism.


Editorial: On putting our mouths where our money is.


What are the basic costs of moving?

What are the basic costs of moving?


A married feminist.

A married feminist.


Sharing a tragedy.

Sharing a tragedy.


How to avoid pitfalls in measuring blood pressure.


Children can have high blood pressure, too.


Outreach to welfare hotels, the homebound, the frail.


Hypertension; what patients need to know.


Maintenance of blood pressure equipment.