Phase transition of gonococci in mammalian cell cultures. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was cultivated in mammalian cell cultures in an effort to determine if this environment will elicit a T4 --> T1 transition. Of four avirulent (T4) isolates tested, only one, H4, yielded T1 colonies. This change was consistently obtained in HeLa, WI-38, and MK2 cells, even when the multiplicity of the gonococcal infection was less than 1 per culture. Growth of the gonococci took place primarily on the surface of the cells, as demonstrated by light and electron microscopy, but occasional bacteria were undoubtedly intracellular. T1 colonies were seen at 24 h and were the major population at 48 h. This shift was favored by the presence of viable cells, since smaller yields of T1 were obtained when the cells were irradiated or heat inactivated. It was also favored by low pH, since T1 recovery was reduced when the buffering capacity of the medium was increased. Although the results suggest that T1 gonococci derived from H4 have a selective advantage over T4 in cell cultures, this is not true of all T1 and T4 colony types. F62 T4, which does not undergo a T4 --> T1 shift, propagated as well as T1 in HeLa cell cultures. The change in colony type of strain H4 to T1 was accompanied by formation of pili and by gain in capacity for deoxyribonucleic acid-mediated transformation. It is concluded that gonococci can undergo T4 --> T1 phase transition in mammalian cell cultures, but this property is not retained by all strains.


Persistent infection of BSC-1 cells by defective measles virus derived from subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. A line of cells (IP-3), persistently infected with defective measles virus, was developed from co-cultures of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis-derived brain cells with monkey kidney cells (BSC-1). The line, carried for more than 45 serial passages, produced neither infectious virus nor hemagglutinin. Cultures consistently displayed a cycling focal cytopathic pattern of infection characterized by formation of syncytia, necrosis, and plaques followed by healing. Fluorescent measles antigen was present in damaged areas only, especially in syncytia. The development of syncytia was suppressed by measles antibody. Syncytia were lysed by antibody plus rabbit complement. A variant noncytopathic subline (IP-3-Ca) was derived from the 16th passage. Infectious virus was not detected. Cells were minimally positive for hemadsorption. Fluorescent measles antigen was present in all cells. Co-cultures of IP-3-Ca cells with normal BSC-1 cells developed massive syncytia and extensive destruction. The IP-3-Ca cells multiplied in the presence of measles antibodies and were destroyed by antibodies plus complement. The possible relevance of these findings to the pathogenesis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is discussed.


Conversion of serotype in Leptospira from hebdomadis to kremastos. A mutant of Leptospira serotype hebdomadis, obtained by cultivating hebdomadis in the presence of the homologous immune serum, was serologically identical with kremastos.


Surveillance and monitoring.

Surveillance and monitoring.


An improved radionuclide distribution profile from a fixed array whole-body counter using a mathematical analysis technique.


Application of a coincidence counting technique in a fixed geometry whole-body counter.


Evaluation of the pituitary-thyroid axis by measuring the response of I-labelled thyroid hormones to TRH.


Determination of the optimum window for whole body counting of 47Ca.


The unit dose preparation of 63Zn-EDTA for use in nuclear medicine.


Recent advances in cytochemistry and ultrastructure of cytoplasmic inclusions in Ciliophora (Protozoa).


Infectious DNA-protein complex from cells productively infected with simian adenovirus SA7.


Pyroglutamyl-histidyl-prolineamide (TRH). A neurohormone which affects the release and synthesis of prolactin and thyrotropin.


Heterogeneity of human luteinizing hormone. Behavior in radioimmunoassay and radio-ligand-receptor assay systems and evidence for the presence of alpha-subunit in serum.


Human chorionic thyrotropin. Its relationship to thyroid stimulators from chorionic neoplasms and nonendocrine cancers.


Specific immunoassay for quantitative determination of human chymotrypsin.


"B" and "C" isoenzymes of carboanhydrase in erythrocytes of mother, newborn infant and umbilical cord. Immunofluorescence study.


Synthesis of 4'-deoxykanamycin and its resistance to kanamycin phosphotransferase II.


The effect of incubation temperature on the recovery of spores of Bacillus subtilis 8057.


Rapid screening for the isolation of mutants of Aspergillus nidulans with increased penicillin yields.


The immunopurification of tetanus toxoid.


Intra- and interspecies variability of vertebrate high-pressure neurological syndrome.


Genetic basis of nutritional requirements in Lactobacillus casei. In a study of the genetic basis of multiple nutritional requirements in Lactobacillus casei, systematic attempts were made to isolate mutants that can grow in the absence of a specific nutrient required by the parental organism. Such mutants have successfully been isolated with respect to seven of twelve amino acids (aspartic acid, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, methionine, serine, and threonine) and three of four vitamins (pantothenic acid, nicotinic acid, and pyridoxal) tested, after extensive screenings employing various mutagens. Mutants that can grow without tryptophan were not isolated, but those that can grow on anthranilate or indole as well as on tryptophan were obtained at a frequency expected for single-step mutations. Activity of tryptophan synthetase was demonstrated in extracts of these anthranilate-utilizing mutants, but not in the parental strain. These results suggest that the multiple nutritional requirements of L. casei are often, if not always, due to one or a few small lesions such as base substitution mutations rather than large deletions affecting the genes involved in each biosynthetic pathway. The data would also imply that many of the biosynthetic pathways that are not fully functional in L. casei were active at one time and became nonfunctional during evolution of the present species.


Current concepts of patient motivation toward long term oral hygiene: a literature review.


Active transport of D-alanine and related amino acids by whole cells of Bacillus subtilis. Whole cells of Bacillus subtilis transported d-alanine and l-alanine by two different systems. The high-affinity system (K(m) of 1 muM and V(max) of 0.6 to 0.8 nmol/min per mg of protein) was specific for the two stereoisomers of alanine. The low-affinity system (K(m) of 10 muM for l-alanine and 20 muM for d-alanine and glycine) had a V(max) of 5 to 12 nmol/min per mg of protein. This system transported glycine, d-cycloserine, and d-serine, in addition to d- and l-alanine. Azide inhibited the uptake of these amino acids and caused the efflux of d-alanine from preloaded cells. These data suggest that transport of these amino acids is energized by the electron transport chain.


Comparative studies on induction of sporulation and synthesis of inducible enzymes in Bacillus subtilis. An attempt was made to determine whether sporulation and inducible enzyme synthesis in Bacillus subtilis are controlled by the same mechanism of catabolite repression. By the use of a thymine-requiring strain, it has been shown that, whereas sporulation remained repressed unless chromosome replication proceeded to completion, the induction of the enzymes histidase, sucrase, and alpha-glucosidase proceeded quite normally in the absence of continued deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. It is concluded that the mechanism for overcoming the repression of sporulation differs qualitatively from that involved in overcoming the repression of inducible enzyme synthesis. Attempts to isolate pleiotropic mutants that would provide additional support for this contention were unsuccessful. A pleiotropic mutant deficient in phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase activity sporulated quite well, whereas a mutant presumed deficient in glutamate synthetase sporulated poorly under all conditions.


Mis-regulation of 3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthetase does not account for growth inhibition by phenylalanine in Agmenellum quadruplicatum. The growth of the blue-green bacterium, Agmenellum quadruplicatum, is inhibited in the presence of l-phenylalanine. This species has a single, constitutively synthesized 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate (DAHP) synthetase. l-Phenylalanine inhibits DAHP synthetase non-competitively with respect to both substrate reactants. Other aromatic amino acids do not inhibit the activity of DAHP synthetase. A common expectation for branch-point enzymes such as DAHP synthetase is a balanced pattern of feedback control by all of the ultimate end products. It seemed likely that growth inhibition might equate with defective regulation within the branched aromatic pathway. Accordingly, the possibility was examined that mis-regulation of DAHP synthetase by l-phenylalanine in wild-type cells causes starvation for precursors of the other aromatic end products. However, the molecular basis for growth inhibition cannot be attributed to l-phenylalanine inhibition of DAHP synthetase for the following reasons: (i) DAHP synthetase enzymes from l-phenylalanine-resistant mutants are more, rather than less, sensitive to feedback inhibition by l-phenylalanine. (ii) Shikimate not only fails to antagonize inhibition, but is itself inhibitory. (iii) Neither the sensitivity nor the completeness of l-phenylalanine inhibition of the wild-type enzyme in vitro appears sufficient to account for the potent inhibition of growth in vivo by l-phenylalanine. The dominating effect of l-phenylalanine in the control of DAHP synthetase appears to reflect a mechanism that prevents rather than causes growth inhibition by l-phenylalanine. The alteration of the control of DAHP synthetase in mutants selected for resistance to growth inhibition by l-phenylalanine did indicate that the cause for this metabolite vulnerability can be localized within the aromatic amino acid pathway. Apparently, an aromatic intermediate (between shikimate and the end products) accumulates in the presence of l-phenylalanine, causing toxicity by some unknown mechanism. It is concluded that phenylpyruvate, potentially formed by transamination of l-phenylalanine, is an unlikely cause of growth inhibition. Although several significant questions remain unanswered, our results suggest that single-effector control of DAHP synthetase, the first regulatory enzyme activity of a branched pathway, may be more appropriate than it would seem a priori.


Transformation of Bacillus subtilis in alpha-amylase productivity by deoxyribonucleic acid from B. subtilis var. amylosacchariticus. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of Bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus showed almost the same ability as B. subtilis Marburg to induce transfer of several genetic markers in DNA-mediated transformation. DNA-DNA hybridization data also showed an intimate relationship between the two strains. Genetic elements involved in the production of extracellular alpha-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1.) in B. subtilis var. amylosacchariticus were studied by using DNA-mediated transformation. Two Marburg derivatives, NA20(amyR2) and NA20-22(amyR1), produced about 50 and 10 U of alpha-amylase per mg of cells, respectively, whereas B. subtilis var. amylosacchariticus produced as much as 150 U of the enzyme per mg of cells. When B. subtilis var. amylosacchariticus was crossed with strain NA20-22 as recipient, transformants that acquired high alpha-amylase productivity (about 50 U/mg of cells) were obtained. Genetic analysis revealed that a regulator gene (amyR) for alpha-amylase synthesis was found in B. subtilis var. amylosacchariticus, as in the case of B. natto 1212 (amyR2) and B. subtilis Marburg (amyR1). The allele was designated amyR3; it is phenotypically indistinguishable from amyR2, but is readily distinguishable from amyR1. The presence of amyR3 was not sufficient for an organism to render production of an exceptional amount of alpha-amylase. Extra-high alpha-amylase producers could be obtained by crossing B. subtilis var. amylosacchariticus as donor with strain NA20 as recipient. The transformants produced the same or even greater amounts of the enzyme than the donor strain. Results suggest the presence of another gene that is involved in the production of the exceptional amount of alpha-amylase.


Genetic and biophysical study of R plasmids conferring sulfonamide resistance in Shigella strains isolated in 1952 and 1956. The conjugative plasmids determining sulfonamide resistance in five Shigella strains, each isolated from a different patient, have been characterized. One S. flexneri 2a strain, isolated in 1952, harbored an fi(+) plasmid of molecular weight 53 x 10(6), which specified synthesis of F-like pili and bore determinants for sulfonamide resistance (Su) and bacteriocinogeny (Col). This plasmid was compatible with plasmids of groups F(I), F(II), I(alpha), and P. A second S. flexneri 2a strain isolated in 1952 harbored an fi(-) plasmid of molecular weight 59 x 10(6), bearing the Su determinant and compatible with all plasmids tested. This strain also harbored an fi(+) group-F(II) plasmid of molecular weight 42 x 10(6), which bore the Col determinant and specified synthesis of F-like pili. Three S. dysenteriae 2 strains isolated in 1956 carried apparently identical fi(-) plasmids of molecular weight 58 x 10(6), which bore the Su determinant, could form transconjugants in Pseudomonas but not in Proteus, and were incompatible with the P-group plasmid RP4.


Relationship between lysogeny, spontaneous induction, and transformation efficiencies in Bacillus subtilis. The low transformation efficiency of Bacillus subtilis 168 lysogenic for phages ø105 or SPO2 is shown to result from the induction of lytic phage replication in competent cells. Lysogenic competent cells have a higher rate of spontaneous prophage induction than noncompetent cells. Mutants of ø105 and SPO2 which form lysogens resistant to spontaneous induction were isolated, and these lysogens exhibited higher transformation levels than those formed by wild-type phage. These results suggest that the physiological state of competence in B. subtilis promotes prophage derepression leading to cell death and the loss of potential transformants.


Existence of a free form of a specific membrane lipoprotein in gram-negative bacteria. The existence of a free form of a specific lipoprotein of molecular weight 7,200 was examined in the envelopes of several gram-negative bacteria. When the envelope proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, distinct peaks were observed in Salmonella typhimurium, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the same position as the free form of the lipoprotein of Escherichia coli. However, the peak was not observed in Proteus mirabilis. The protein at the peak in S. typhimurium was shown to contain little or no histidine as expected from the amino acid composition of the lipoprotein. Furthermore, antiserum against the highly purified lipoprotein from E. coli was shown to react with the proteins from S. typhimurium and S. marcescens and to form the specific immunoprecipitates. In contrast, the protein from P. aeruginosa did not react with the antiserum at all. Thus, it is concluded that S. typhimurium and S. marcescens have the free form of the lipoprotein in their envelopes as does E. coli. P. aeruginosa contains a protein of the same size as the lipoprotein, but it is not certain whether the protein is the same structural protein as the lipoprotein from E. coli. P. mirabilis may not have any free form of the lipoprotein, may have it in a very small amount, or may have a lipoprotein of different molecular weight serving the same function.


Requirement of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis for microcycle sporulation in Bacillus megaterium. Bacillus megaterium cells have been examined during outgrowth for their macromolecular content, ability to undergo microcycle sporulation, the time of their growth division, the time of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication initiation, and their ability to synthesize DNA after transfer to sporulation medium. The increase in total DNA content of the cells increased discontinuously beginning at 90 min. Thymidine incorporation became insensitive to chloramphenicol between 90 and 105 min of outgrowth. At 90 min the cells acquired the ability to undergo microcycle sporulation and the degree of sporulation depended on the time spent in outgrowth, with maximal sporulation occurring at 180 min. During outgrowth, cells underwent one synchronous growth division beginning at 225 min and ending at 270 min. Outgrowing cells were not able to continue DNA synthesis after transfer to sporulation medium. The data suggest that DNA replication starts before cells are able to undergo microcycle sporulation; however, the initiation of replication may not be the only requirement for microcycle sporulation.


Developmental modulation of deoxyribonucleic acid-binding proteins of Bacillus subtilis during sporulation stages. The isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding proteins from various stages of growth and sporulation of Bacillus subtilis is described. After adsorption and elution from phosphocellulose, the proteins were fractionated according to their ability to adsorb to denatured calf thymus DNA-cellulose or native B. subtilis DNA-cellulose. The proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and purification was monitored by a nitrocellulose filter binding assay. Approximately 1% of the proteins in the crude extract adsorbed to denatured calf thymus DNA-cellulose and 0.1% adsorbed to native B. subtilis DNA-cellulose. Each class of proteins varied qualitatively and quantitatively as sporulation proceeded. Several proteins from the exponential phase of growth that bound to denatured DNA were lost by T(0), whereas at T(5) new polypeptides appeared. Fewer changes in the profile of proteins with affinity for native DNA were observed between exponential phase and T(0); however, the dominant species in these eluates were clearly different.


Natural messenger ribonucleic acid-directed cell-free protein-synthesizing system of Bacillus subtilis. A very active in vitro protein-synthesizing system has been developed from Bacillus subtilis. High activity in the extracts is dependent upon precautions taken to reduce proteolytic activity. Endogenous, exogenous natural and synthetic messenger ribonucleic acids (RNAs) are translated by the system. The activity of the B. subtilis system has been compared to that of the Escherichia coli system. With either SPO1 RNA or polyuridylic acid, the activities of the two systems were very similar. Electrophoresis of the products synthesized in vitro by the two systems primed with SPO1 RNA yields similar radioactive profiles. The major bands of radioactivity correspond to proteins of molecular weight between 15,000 and 40,000.


Effect of pH on the proportions of polar lipids, in chemostat cultures of Bacillus subtilis. Significant changes in the relative proportions of the individual polar lipids of two strains of Bacillus subtilis were observed when the pH of their chemostat cultures was varied. In phosphate- and magnesium-limited cultures of B. subtilis var. niger NCIB 8058. lysylphosphatidylglycerol was present in higher proportions at low pH (5.1) than at neutral pH. With magnesium-limited cultures of this strain harvested at pH 8.0, lysylphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine were not detected. Phosphate-limited cultures of B. subtilis NCIB 3610 contained no phosphatidylethanolamine or lysylphosphatidylglycerol at neutral pH, but at low pH (5.1) both these lipids were present in substantial proportions. The proportions of phosphatidylglycerol in actively dividing cells of chemostat cultures of bacilli were always greater than those of lysylphosphatidylglycerol. The reverse is commonly found in batch cultures of bacilli and staphylococci harvested at low pH. Changes in the proportions of the other polar lipids present in these bacilli (diphosphatidylglycerol and diglucosyl diacylglycerol) with pH were also noted. Certain cultures of both strains of B. subtilis contained small proportions of a peptidolipid.


Structure and immunological properties of D-arabino-D-galactans isolated from cell walls of Mycobacterium species.


Cell-surface changes of phosphate-deficient Escherichia coli as characterized by increased stability and decreased concanavalin A-agglutinability of the spheroplast.


Immobilized enzymes. I. Immobilization of carboxypeptidase CN, a preparation from Citrus natsudaidai Hayata.


The role of tyrosine residue of bacterial liquefying alpha-amylase in the enzymatic hydrolysis of linear substrates as studied by chemical modification with acetic anhydride.


Studies on ribosomal ribonucleic acid from yeast. II. Specific complex of yeast ribosomal RNA.


The number of subsites in the active site of saccharifying alpha-amylase from Bacillus subtilis.


Gel chromatography and gel electrophoresis of histones in denaturing solvents. Limited dependence on molecular weight.


Studies on cellulase produced by the phytopathogens. Purification and enzymatic properties of cellulase of Fusarium moniliforme.


Partial purification and some properties of pyruvate-aspartic semialdehyde condensing enzyme from sporulating Bacillus subtilis.


Studies on cathepsins of rat liver lysosomes. I. Purification and multiple forms.


Difference in the molecular size of hepatic cytosol glycogen synthetase in tadpole and adult frog, Rana catesbeiana.


Affinity chromatography of neutral and alkaline proteases from Bacillus subtilis and of thermolysin.


Rat liver alkaline phosphatase. Purification and properties.


Widespread distribution of lysozyme g in egg white of birds.


Characterization of vitamin B12-binding proteins isolated from human milk and saliva by affinity chromatography.


Relationships among enzymes of the beta-ketoadipate pathway. IV. Muconolactone isomerase from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Pseudomonas putida.


The regeneration of cilia in partially deciliated Tetrahymena. Partial deciliation of Tetrahymena resulted in cells losing 75% of their cilia, with the balance being paralyzed. The paralyzed cilia are resorbed in the first 20 min after partial deciliation, and regeneration of cilia begins before resorption is completed. Inhibition of protein synthesis with cycloheximide does not inhibit ciliary resorption or regeneration, whereas vinblastine sulfate inhibits regeneration but not resorption. Inhibition of regeneration occurs in completely deciliated cells when they are treated with cyclohexmimide or vinblastine sulfate. It is concluded that the resorbing cilia contribute materials which allow regeneration to occur in the absence of protein synthesis. The volume of cilia regenerated in the presence of cycloheximide in partially deciliated cells is greater than the ciliary volume which is resorbed. This suggests the Tetrahymena cells have a pool of ciliary precursors. This pool does not contribute materials for regeneration in completely deciliated cells which are treated with cycloheximide. It is concluded that resorbing cilia in partially deciliated cells contribute materials which potentiate assembly of cilia from the pool of precursors.


Myonemal contraction of Spirostomum. I. Kinetics of contraction and relaxation.


Properties of flagellar "rigor waves" formed by abrupt removal of adenosine triphosphate from actively swimming sea urchin sperm. Sea urchin sperm were demembranated and reactivated with a solution containing 0.04% Triton X-100 and 0.03 mM ATP. The ATP concentration was then lowered abruptly by diluting the sperm suspension 50-fold into reactivating solution containing no ATP. The flagella of the sperm in the diluted suspension were not motile, but they were bent into a variety of stationary rigor wave forms closely resembling the wave forms occurring at different stages of the flagellar bending cycle during normal movement. The form of these rigor waves was unchanged upon storage for several hours in the presence of dithiothreitol and EDTA. Addition of 1 microM ATP induced slow relaxation of the waves, with most of the sperm becoming partially straightened over a period of about 30 min; somewhat higher concentrations gave a more rapid and complete relaxation. Concentrations of ATP above 10 microM induced resumption of normal beating movements. Addition of ITP, GTP, or GDP (up to 1 mM) produced no relaxation of the rigor waves. Digestion with trypsin to an extent sufficient to disrupt the radial spokes and the nexin links caused no change in the rigor wave forms, suggesting that these wave forms could be maintained by the dynein cross-bridges between the outer doublet tubules of the flagellar axoneme. Study of the effects of viscous shear on the rigor wave axonemes has shown that they are resistant to distortion by bending, although they can be twisted relatively easily.


Intramembrane particle aggregation in erythrocyte ghosts. I. The effects of protein removal. We have used freeze-etching and SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to study the conditions under which the intramembrane particles of the human erythrocyte ghost may be aggregated. The fibrous membrane protein, spectrin, can be almost entirely removed from erythrocyte ghosts with little or no change in the distribution of the particles. However, after spectrin depletion, particle aggregation in the plane of the membrane may be induced by conditions which cause little aggregation in freshly prepared ghosts. This suggests that the spectrin molecules form a molecular meshwork which limits the translational mobility of the erythrocyte membrane particles.


Lipid chromatographic determination of nitroglycerin products in waste waters.


The extraction and recovery of chlorinated insectides and polychlorinated biphenyls from water using porous polyurethane foams.


Biologic variation of human serum immunoglobulin concentrations: sex-age specific effects.


Comparative experience with endocardial and epicardial pacemakers.


The role of collagen quaternary structure in the platelet: collagen interaction. WE HAVE INVESTIGATED WHETHER COLLAGEN QUETERNARY STRUCTURE IS REQUIRED FOR THE PLATELET: collagen interaction. Quaternary structure refers to the assembly of collagen monomers (tropocollagen) into polymers (native-type fibrils). Purified monomeric collagen was prepared from acetic acid extracts of fetal calfskin. Polymeric collagen was prepared by dispersion of bovine Achilles tendon collagen and by incubation of monomeric collagen at 37 degrees C and pH 7.4. The state of polymerization was confirmed by electron microscopy. Release of platelet serotonin in the absence of platelet aggregation was used to determine the effectiveness of the platelet: collagen interaction. All forms of collagen produced serotonin release only after a lag period, but polymeric collagen gave a shorter lag period than did monomeric collagen. Monomeric collagen was also quanidinated selectively to convert collagen lysine groups to homoarginine, while leaving the arrangement of polar groups intact. Guanidination of monomeric collagen increased the rate of polymerization and reduced the lag time in serotonin release. Glucosamine (17 mM) retarded polymerization and inhibited the release of platelet serotonin by monomeric collagen but had little effect on release produced by thrombin or polymeric collagen. At the same concentration, glucosamine did not reduce the sensitivity of platelets to stimulation by collagen or block the platelet: collagen interaction. The only effect of glucosamine was on the collagen: collagen interaction. Galactosamine had a similar effect, but glucose, galactose, and N-acetylglycosamine had no effect. We conclude from this data that collagen monomers cannot effectively interact with platelets and that, therefore, collagen quaternary structure has a role in the recognition of collagen by platelets.


Fiber projections from trigeminal nucleus caudalis in primate (squirrel monkey and baboon).


Ordered arrangement of orientation columns in monkeys lacking visual experience.


Efferent cortico-cortical fiber connections of area 18 in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri).


Salmonella O antigen-coated red blood cells as a stable reagent for passive hemagglutination tests.


Detection of human IgA subclasses and allotypes by polymer-induced preciptation in agarose gel.


Oral thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in depressive illness.


A modified 51Cr release assay for cytotoxic lymphocytes.


In vivo abrogation of serum C3 and C5 by administration of cobra venom factor and heterologous anti-C3.


The cryopreservation of sheep erythrocyte intermediates EA nad EAC4 in complement assays.


Paraformaldehyde fixation in immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Preservation of tissue and cell surface membrane antigens.


Management of dysphagia.

Management of dysphagia.


Effects of dextrans on immunoprecipitation in agar and in low-temperature-gelling agarose gels.


A third species of the owl monkey (Aotus).


Electron microscopy of the trichocyst in Urostyla cristata, a hypotrichous ciliate.


Observations on the effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin on the antler cycle of fallow deer.


Melanocyte developmental genetics: biophasic control of dopa oxidase activity by the E locus of the fowl.


Microbial synthesis of folate polyglutamates from labelled precursors.


The biosynthesis of biotin in an auxotrophic strain of Humicola.


Observations on methionine transport in Pseudomonas fluorescens UK1.


Some properties of a bacterial protease with a specific effect on the protein in tobacco rattle virus particles.


The selective isolation of nocardia from soil using antibiotics.


Hospital-acquired infections. How they occur and what can be done to prevent them.


Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutants defective in heptane oxidation.


Fungal growth rate and the formation of ethylene in soil.


Three previously undescribed viruses from the honey bee.


Axonal growth and organization of the mamillary nuclei of the newborn mouse in culture.


A comparative study: health care delivery in New Jersey county, state, Federal, and private mental hospitals.


Responses to tonal stimuli of single auditory nerve fibers and their relationship to basilar membrane motion in the squirrel monkey.


Distribution of acetylcholine, choline, choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in regions and single identified axons of the lobster nervous system.


Studies on the metabolic interrelationship between biotin and folic acid in rats.


Immunopathological studies on cryoimmunisation of the rabbit male accessory glands.


Dipetalonema barbascalensis sp. n. (Nematoda:Filarioidea) from the owl monkey, Aotus trivirgatus, with a consideration of the status of Parlitomosa zakii Nagaty, 1935.


Isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi from blood.


Relationship between periodontal injury, selective cell repopulation and ankylosis.


Further studies on the role of prostaglandin in fever. 1. Experiments were carried out in unanaesthetized cats to find out if a prostaglandin is the mediator (a) for the long lasting fever which often follows injections of phsyiological salt solutions into the cerebral ventricles or into the cisterna magna, as well as their perfusions through the cerebral ventricles, and (b) for the sodium fever which occurs during a perfusion of the cerebral ventricles with calcium-free artificial c.s.f. A fever mediated by prostaglandin should be accompanied by an increase of prostaglandin activity in cisternal c.s.f., and be abolished or prevented by antipyretics like paracetamol or indomethacin which inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. Both criteria were applied.2. The fever which follows injections or perfusions of physiological salt solutions appears to be mediated by a prostaglandin of the E series, probably E(2) (PGE(2)) because it was accompanied by increased prostaglandin E-like activity in the c.s.f. and abolished by paracetamol and indomethacin. During the first few days after pre-treatment of the cats with intramuscular chloramphenicol the injections were rarely followed by fever.3. The fever which occurs during a perfusion with calcium-free artificial c.s.f. appears not to be mediated by prostaglandin, because it was not associated with increased prostaglandin activity in the cisternal effluent, and not prevented by paracetamol or indomethacin, although these antipyretics usually attenuated the fever.4. A perfusion of the cerebral ventricles with artificial c.s.f. containing calcium in an abnormally high concentration (6.25 mM) brought down fever produced by PGE(1), or PGE(2), or bacterial pyrogen.


Role of cations, anions and carbonic anhydrase in fluid transport across rabbit corneal endothelium. 1. A small electrical potential difference (541 +/- 48 muV, aqueous side negative) across rabbit corneal endothelium has been recently found. Its dependence on ambient [Na(+)], [K(+)], [H(+)] and metabolic and specific inhibitors was examined.2. Changes in concentration of the ions above either were known or were presently shown to affect the rate of fluid transport across this preparation (normal value: 5.2 +/- 0.4 mul./hr.cm(2)). Ionic concentration changes were also found here to influence potential difference in the same way as fluid transport. In the cases tested, the effects on both fluid transport and potential difference were reversible.3. Fluid transport and potential difference were both decreased or abolished in absence of Na(+), K(+) and HCO(3) (-), and when [H(+)] was decreased. Fluid transport and potential difference were saturable functions of [HCO(3) (-)] and half-saturation occurred in both cases at about 13 mM-HCO(3) (-). The potential difference was also a saturable function of [Na(+)] (half-saturation around 15 mM). There was a pH optimum for potential difference in the range 7.4-7.6. Lower pH values decreases the potential difference and the fluid transport, and a small (-100 muV) reversed potential was observed in the range of 5.3-5.5.4. Total replacement of Cl(-) by HCO(3) (-) or SO(4) (2-) produced no impairment on either fluid transport or potential difference.5. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (ethoxyzolamide 10(-5) or 10(-4)M and benzolamide 10(-3)M) produced a 40-60% decrease in the rate of fluid pumping. In contrast, ethoxyzolamide 10(-4)M or acetazolamide 10(-3)M did not produce any change in the potential difference. NaCN and Na iodoacetate (both 2 mM) eliminated the potential difference in 1-1.5 hr while in controls it lasted for 5-6 hr.6. Ouabain (10(-5)M) abolished the potential difference in less than 10 sec when added to the aqueous side, which suggests the existence of an electrogenic pump. This extremely fast time transient can be accounted for by the accessibility and simple geometry of the present monocellular layer. Ouabain abolished also the reversed potential difference observed at low pH.7. The data are interpreted in terms of a scheme similar to that advanced for other epithelia and in which (a) H(+) would be pumped into the intercellular spaces, while Na(+) and CO(2) would enter into the cells, and (b) Na(+) would be subsequently pumped into the aqueous humour, producing as a result the fluid movement observed. The actual origin of the potential difference is further discussed in terms of two contrasting possibilities: (i) one or more electrogenic pumps, and (ii) a neutral pump which would create a diffusion potential across ;leaky' intercellular junctions.


Effect of oral contraceptives on body water and electrolytes.


Thermoelectric freeze-drying.

Thermoelectric freeze-drying.


Freeze-substitution: a method for the rapid arrest and chemical fixation of spermatozoa.


Third National Cancer Survey--an overview of available information.


An antigen-binding cell tumor: heterophile cold hemagglutinin as a membrane-bound receptor on a mouse lymphoma.


The arm/head ratio in the assessment of protein-calorie malnutrition in Baghdad.


The significance of perineal pathogens in women.


Fungal nephritis in a grey-headed albatross.


Case reports of ossifying fibromata in the striped mullet.


Opercular cyst formation in trout infected with Myxosoma cerebralis.


Simulated field blood studies in the bottle-nosed dolphin Tursiops truncatus. 3. Changes in hematology and chemistry during blood and plasma storage.


Hematozoa of the Anatidae of the Atlantic flyway. 1. Massachusetts.


Avian hematozoa of some Ugandan birds.

Avian hematozoa of some Ugandan birds.


Antigenicity of bicyclomycin and its cross-reactivity with benzylpenicillin.


Skin reaction produced by endotoxins and lactobacillus in mouse.


Preparation and characterization of the monospecific antiserum directed to the ninth component of human complement (C9).


Corneal ulcers caused by protease and elastase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Letter: Elevation of serum C9 level associated with Behçet disease.


Studies on methods for evaluation of anticoccidial drugs in vitro.


Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infection occurred spontaneously in a group of patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas).


Experimental studies on glucuronidation. III. UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity and glucuronide excretion enhanced by oral administration of eugenol.


A scanning electron microscopic study of gallstone development in man.


The osteochondral junction of mammalian joints. An ultrastructural and microanalytic study.


Positional information in unicellular organisms.


Dietary fibre in human nutrition.

Dietary fibre in human nutrition.


Properties of palmityl-CoA: L-alpha-glycerolphosphate acyl transferase from bovine mammary microsomes.


Aging and long-term temporal regulation in ciliated protozoa. A critical review.


Biphasic adrenergic responses of rabbit aorta.


Brucellosis in the United States, 1960-1972. An abattoir-associated disease. Part I. Clinical features and therapy.


Absorption and excretion of amoxycillin and pivampicillin, two new semisynthetic penicillins.


Letter: Psychosis associated with sympathomimetic and cromoglycate therapy.


Usefulness of rheophoresis for detection of Australia antigen.


Multiple loop inoculator as an aid in bacteriocine typing techniques.


A comparative study of the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorbed test and some existing methods available for the serological diagnosis of syphilis.


Clinical parameters of high energy linear accelerators.


Restriction and modification in B. subtilis. Biological aspects.


Host controlled modification and restriction in Bacillus subtilis.


Relationship between the nature of the nucleotide sequence and the degree of asymmetry of the complementary strands of DNA in microorganisms.


Mature DNA from temperate bacillusphage phi105 requires primary recombination to be infectious in transfection.


Calculations pertaining to the use of fast (equal to or less than 50-MeV) neutrons in cancer radiotherapy.


Matrix activity of the X chromosomes of male and female drosophilas in the synthesis of RNA by bacterial RNA-polymerase.


Measurements of electron-beam energy with rapid-processed film.


Downtime experience for clinical linear accelerators.


Experimental and calculated bremsstrahlung spectra from a 25-MeV linear accelerator and a 19-MeV betatron.


Investigations on radiosensitive and radioresistant populations of Drosophila melanogaster. V. Relations between the relative radioresistance and some recombination properties in the irradiated population ROI.


The induction of temperature-sensitive mutations in Drosophila melanogaster by the acridine mustard ICR-170.


Endotoxic substance of Cryptococcus neoformans.


Clinical evaluation of antibody sensitized latex particles method for Australia antigen in serum.


Detoxification of long-term methadone patients.


Myth versus fact in long term methadone maintenance treatment: the community's viewpoint.


Significance of hypermacroglobulinemia in methadone maintained and other narcotic addicts.


New choices for methadone maintenance patients: planned, voluntary long-term detoxification.


Identification of metabolic dechlorination of highly chlorinated biphenyl in rabbit.


Methadone and naloxone in combination (Naldone) for the treatment of heroin addicts.


Beta alanine and cuticle maturation in Drosophila.


Purification and properties of protease produced by Staphylococcus aureus strain SH-91 isolated from diseased chickens.


Ovulation induced by norepinephrine in rats made anovulatory by various experimental procedures.


Response variables and motor slow cortical potentials (SCP) during performance of learned movements in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).


Correlation conferences in radiology and pathology: osseous lesions in adolescence with known neurofibromatosis.


Value of HCS determinations in management of prolonged pregnancy.


Lactobacilli of infected dental root canals.


In vitro studies of human ovarian contractility.


Chronic secretory otitis media--long-term results after treatment with grommets.


Spontaneous tumours in amphibia. A review.


DDT plus PCB'S in blubber of harbor seals.


Chlorinated hydrocarbon and mercury residues in wookcock in the United States, 1970-71.


Selected chlorinated hydrocarbons in bottom material from streams tributary to San Francisco Bay.


Organochlorine residues in golden eagles, United States--March 1964-July 1971.


Experimentally induced periapical inflammation in permanent and primary teeth of monkeys.


Prolonging life by mechanical means--the role of the nurse.


Socio-economic disease.

Socio-economic disease.


Editorial: Longstay problems.

Editorial: Longstay problems.


Tuberculosis in Africans. Prolonged observations on drug sensitivity of M. tuberculosis during chemotherapy.


Prevention and future control of hospital-associated infections commonly caused by gram-negative bacteria.


An inhibitor of cell proliferation released by cultures of macrophages. Culture fluids from mouse peritoneal exudate cells inhibited [(3)H]thymidine incorporation by, and proliferation of, EL-4 leukemia cells, 3T3 cells, and mitogen-stimulated spleen lymphocytes. Inhibited EL-4 leukemia cells recovered their normal proliferative capacity when washed and incubated in normal medium. The inhibitory activity resided in a low-molecular-weight substance that could be absorbed by incubation with the tumor cells. This substance was dialyzable and resistant to tryptic digestion and phosphodiesterase treatment. The mononuclear phagocytes in the peritoneal exudate seemed to be the source of the inhibitor. The inhibitory material was found in the same amounts in exudates of normal mice or mice injected with peptone or infected with Listeria monocytogenes; spleen cells adherent to plastic released the inhibitor but in lesser amount. We suggest that this inhibitor may contribute to the deleterious effects found when various cells, including neoplastic ones, are cultured in the presence of macrophages.


Pyrrole hydrogen ionization of imidazole derivatives in metal ion complexes and carbonic anhydrase. Zinc ion-induced pyrrole hydrogen ionization from a histidyl residue has recently been suggested as the source of the activity-related deprotonation in carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1; carbonate hydro-lyase) occurring at pH 7-8. The results offered to support the hypothesis are shown to be deficient. Examination of the literature reveals no precedent for such a pronounced acidification from pK(a) [unk] 14.2 in imidazole compounds by zinc ion. It is suggested that Zn(II)-induced pyrrole ionizations in imidazoles occur with pK(a) about 13.


Viable molecular hybrids of bacteriophage lambda and eukaryotic DNA. A bacteriophage lambda strain has been constructed and a method developed by which DNA from potentially any source can be covalently inserted through EcoRI cohesive ends into the middle of the lambda DNA. These hybrid DNAs can infect nonrestricting Escherichia coli cells and can then propagate as plaque-forming phage. A unique feature of this lambda strain is that extra DNA in the middle of its genome is required for plaque formation. A large number of such phages have been produced with E. coli DNA and Drosophila melanogaster DNA.


Restriction endonuclease cleavage maps of animal mitochondrial DNAs. The restriction endonuclease, HindIII, gives rise to three fragments in each of the three mitochondrial DNAs isolated from the established mammalian cell lines LA9 (mouse), HeLa (human), and BSC-1 (African green monkey). The restriction endonuclease, EcoRI, gives rise to three fragments in mitochondrial DNA from HeLa and to two in DNAs from LA9 and BSC-1. The sizes and the orders of the fragments in the respective genomes have been determined with data obtained from the electron microscope. The origin and the direction of replication have been designated in each of the cleavage maps. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analyses demonstrated that additional fragments not detectable in the electron microscope and larger than 50 nucleotide pairs were not present.


Preparation and spectroscopic studies of cobalt(II) derivatives of blue copper proteins. Preparation of cobalt(II) derivatives of type 1 copper proteins has been extended to include bean plastocyanin and azurin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Fluorescence quenching data suggest that Co(II) binds to the type 1 site of both apoplastocyanin and apoazurin. Electronic absorption spectral measurements have been made for cobalt(II)-stellacyanin, cobalt(II)-plastocyanin, and cobalt(II)-azurin. In each case two visible bands with moderate intensities and two rather strong ultraviolet absorption peaks are observed. The intensity pattern and the separation of the two ultraviolet bands in the Co(II) derivatives correspond closely to the two intense, low-lying absorption peaks in the analogous, type 1 copper proteins. The evidence suggests that the intense, two-band systems represent ligand-to-metal charge transfer transitions in both Cu(II) and Co(II) derivatives. It is proposed that the transitions in each case originate in the 3ppi and 3psigma orbitals of a cysteine sulfur ligand at the type 1 site. The visible absorption bands in the Co(II) derivatives are assigned to d-d transitions. The large (4)P splitting observed indicates that the type 1 Co(II) site is of low symmetry. The d-d band pattern suggests that the high-spin Co(II) center is either distorted tetrahedral or five-coordinate. The observed band intensities are in much closer accord with the values for Co(II) complexes known to have distorted tetrahedral structures.


Fluorescence enhancement of laccase induced by reduction of Cu(II) sites. The intrinsic fluorescence of laccase (p-diphenol:O(2) oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.2), emitted by its tyrosinyl and tryptophanyl residues, underwent significant enhancement upon reduction of the enzyme redox sites. The increase in quantum yield reached its maximum after the addition of approximately four reduction equivalents and depended on the wavelength of excitation:54% increase for lambda(ex) = 250 nm and 76% for lambda(ex) = 305 nm.A linear correlation between this enhancement and the reduction of the type 1 Cu(II) was observed both by direct measurement and by calculation on the basis of added reductant. The implications of the fluorescence enhancement and its correlation with the reduction of the type 1 copper are discussed in terms of the possible quenching mechanisms. The possibility of a redox-induced structural transition in the protein is suggested.


Isolation of DNA-membrane complex in Bacillus subtilis. A DNA-membrane complex of Bacillus subtilis was separated from the bulk of the membrane by CsCl-sucrose double gradient centrifugation. The complex has a CsCl-sucrose buoyant density of 1.35-1.45 g/cm(3). Gel electrophoretic analyses show that the complex has about 5% of the whole membrane proteins and contains proteins unique to the complex as well as a small amount of membrane proteins. DNA in the complex is enriched for a genetic marker close to the origin (pur A16) and for one near the terminus (metB5). Artifactual formation of the complex during the lysate preparation was shown to be unlikely.


The effects of increased temperature on electroretinograms of temperature-sensitive paralysis mutants of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutations within the shibire locus of Drosophila melanogaster are non-complementing alleles which result in reversible paralysis at 29 degrees but retention of normal locomotor behavior at 22 degrees . Electroretinograms of six of the mutants have been recorded at various temperatures. Two changes occurred in the electroretinograms of flies carrying most of the alleles at high temperature: they lost the "on"- and "off"- transients of the normal electroretinogram, and the fast decay of the receptor potential was attenuated. For flies with four of the alleles, a base-line oscillation was also observed. Analysis of electroretinograms of mosaic shibire flies indicates that the loss of the transients can be attributed to both a pre-synaptic and a post-synaptic effect.


Chloramphenicol restores sigma factor activity to sporulating Bacillus subtilis. The sigma subunit of RNA polymerase from sporulating Bacillus subtilis is markedly inhibited in its ability to direct active transcription of phage varphie DNA in vitro. Treatment of sporulating bacteria with chloramphenicol rapidly restores sigma activity, suggesting that sporulating cells contain an inhibitor of sigma that is physiologically unstable or that becomes unstable after drug treatment. The hypothetical inhibitor is depleted exponentially with an apparent half-life of 11 min at 37 degrees .


Sequence homology between the RNA of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus and the RNA of human malignant breast tumors. Radioactive DNA ([(3)H]cDNA) complementary to the RNA of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus was used in molecular hybridization experiments to demonstrate sequence homology between its viral RNA and RNA of human malignant breast tumors. Hybridization products were analyzed by cesium sulfate equilibrium density centrifugation and hydroxylapatite chromatography. Seven of ten human malignant breast tumors tested contained virus-related RNA when assayed by hydroxylapatite chromatography, whereas no sequence homology was found in RNA from 11 human benign breast tumors or from RNA of normal human spleen, liver, or kidney. Hybridizations between [(3)H]cDNA of the monkey virus and human breast adenocarcinoma RNA showed a C(r)t((1/2)) of about 2 x 10(4). The fidelity of the hybrids formed was indicated by a T(m) of 80.5 degrees .


Kinetic constants determined from membrane transport measurements: carbonic anhydrase activity at high concentrations. Facilitated diffusion rates can be used to determine kinetic constants for rapid reactions occurring within membranes and thin fluid layers. We have applied this technique to the study of the reversible CO(2) hydration reactions catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1; carbonate hydro-lyase). The experimental method entails the diffusion of tracer (14)CO(2) through Millipore filter membranes impregnated with aqueous bicarbonate solutions containing various concentrations of dissolved enzyme. A mathematical model of the simultaneous diffusion/reaction transport process is analyzed to predict the effective diffusion rate in terms of the relevant kinetic parameters. The solution to the mathematical model can be transformed to yield straight-line relations analogous to Lineweaver-Burk plots. The pseudo-first-order enzymatic rate constant for the hydration reaction can be determined from the slope or intercept of a plot of this straight-line relationship. Rate constants were accurately measured at high enzyme concentrations for reactions having half-times under a millisecond. The rate constants agree well with other reported kinetic constants for carbonic anhydrase, and the known pH-activity dependence and bicarbonate inhibition are quantitatively demonstrated. The specific activity is constant up to 4.0 mg/ml, which is believed to be the highest concentration at which the activity has been measured. The membrane transport technique has general applicability for other rapid reaction systems.


Differentiation of lens-like structures from newt iris epithelial cells in vitro. Dissociated cells of pigmented iris epithelium from adult newts grew intensively in monolayer cultures after a lag of two to three weeks. During the lag period, depigmentation occurred in many cells. When cultures became confluent five to six weeks after seeding, many tiny lens-like structures (30-70 per plate) differentiated from dense foci of amelanotic epithelial cells. These lens-like structures appeared in all cultures originated from cells of ventral as well as dorsal iris. The identification of these structures as lens was established by both immunological and ultrastructural techniques.


Abnormal solubilization by triton X-100 of erythrocyte membranes from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.


Electrophoretic evaluation of various procedures for solubilizing erythrocyte membranes.


Cholesterol absorption in primates as determined by the Zilversmit isotope ratio method.


Immunological studies of thrombopoietin.


Fletcher factor activity in plasmas of various species.


Immune and nonimmune gel precipitates produced by honey bee venom and its components.


The synthesis of taurine from sulfate. VIII. A constitutive enzyme in mammals.


Standardized production in goats of antilymphocyte globulin and its clinical use.


Discrimination learning differences and similarities as a function of brain index.


Perceptual generalization: a note on the peak shift.


Immunologic considerations of carcinoma of the prostate.


Significance of paraproteins in neoplastic disease.


Biological effects of gravitational fields.


Biological effects during space flights.


Perceptual learning ability in Mandrillus sphinx and Cercopithecus nictitans.


Glycogen synthetase activity in the sea mussel (Mytilus edulis, l.).


O-diphenol:oxygen-oxidoreductase from Musa cavendishii.


Purification of frog muscle glycogen synthetase.


Cannabinol-7-oic acid: a metabolite of delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol in the rhesus monkey.


Blood flow metabolism couple in brain.

Blood flow metabolism couple in brain.


The uterotropic activity of commercial and isomerically-pure chlorobiphenyls in the rat.


Increased half-life of rat liver RNA following dietary administration of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene and/or chloramphenicol.


The coordination of eye-head movements.

The coordination of eye-head movements.


Aerial dispersal of micro-organisms from the human respiratory tract.


Effects of soaps, germicides and disinfectants on the skin flora.


Arrhinencephaly in aberrations of autosomal chromosomes and sequential chromosomal functional expression.


Effect of mutagens on MS2 phage and its infectious RNA. Communication III. Action of o-methylhydroxylamine and analysis of inactivation kinetics.


Experiments on the antimutagenic effect of AET (beta-aminoethylisothiuronium bromide) in Drosophila melanogaster.


Nonhomologous chromosome pairing in oogenesis of XXY females of Drosophila melanogaster. Communication I. Nonhomologous pairing X-Y, X-2, Y-2, in XXY females; Cy-Xa.


Intensity of chemical mutagenesis in human cells as a function of age and sex.


Study of the rate of development of Drosophila heterozygous with respect to radio-induced mutations.


A study of the homeotic genes antennopedix and nasobemia in Drosophila melanogaster. Communication III. Influence of temperature on the penetrance and expressivity of the Apx and Ns genes.


Effect of mutagens on MS2 phage and its infectious RNA. Communication IV. Effect of O-methylhydroxylamine. Analysis of mutagenesis kinetics.


Differential effect of Bacillis subtilis extracts on transformation with nonirradiated and UV-irradiated DNA.


Letter: Side-effects of maprotiline.

Letter: Side-effects of maprotiline.


Lactic acidosis in diabetics.

Lactic acidosis in diabetics.


Detection of bladder-cancer-associated antigens in urine by micro-complement fixation.


The nature and frequency of rugby injuries: a pilot study of 300 injuries at Stellenbosch.


Reversal of seconardy lesions of diabetes in rats by pancreatic islet transplantation.


Physiologic and immunologic status of long-functioning transplanted pancreatic islets in rats.


Tissue culture of adult human islets of Langerhans for transplantation.


Enhancement of pancreatic islet allograft survival with ALS and donor bone marrow.


Prolonged relief from diabetes after syngeneic or allogeneic transplantation of isolated pancreatic islets in rats.


Edema formation and central hemorrhagic necrosis following impact injury to primate spinal cord.


Histopathologic observations of labyrinthitis ossificans.


Wound healing and collagen degradation in calcium-EDTA-treated rats.


Casein hydrolysate and Intralipid vs casein hydrolysate and 25 percent glucose for hyperalimentation.


Arterial plasma amino acids in patients receiving an elemental diet.


The demands of hyperalimentation on splanchnic blood flow and oxygen consumption.


Intravenous hyperalimentation and growth hormone in cancer patients.


Effect of parenteral nutrition on body composition.


Fat-carbohydrate interaction: effects on nitrogen-sparing in total intravenous feeding.


Effect of taste on ingestion by human newborns.


4th Symposium on oral sensation and perception. Concluding comment I.


Molecular aspects of the clottable proteins of human plasma during fibrinogenolysis.


Conditions for stabilization and determination of activated factor V.


A rapid and reliable micro-method of leukoagglutination using papain.


Characterization of the venoms of various Bothrops species by immunoelectrophoresis and reaction with fibrinogen agarose.


Influence of calcium and magnesium ions on the sino-atrial node pacemaker activity of the canine heart.


Radiotherapy combined with hormone therapy for prostate cancer. This is a preliminary report of megavoltage radiotherapy given at the Cancer Institute, Gunma University, and National Cancer Center Hospitals in Japan.  Adenocarcinoma was demonstrated in 67 patients with prostate cancer.  There were 4 in Stage A, 4 in Stage B, 38 Stage C, and 21 Stage D.  28 had received androgenic therapy before irradiation.  39 were irradiated first; hormone therapy was later given to 32 of these.  Only 5 had radiotherapy alone.  Chemotherapy was given to the others.  Total tumor doses were 6000-8000 rd within 6-8 weeks.  Techniques of irradiation varied at different hospitals.  About 70% showed improved clinical findings.  Undifferentiated adenocarcinoma was relatively more highly sensitive.  Adverse symptoms occurred during radiotherapy; most were tolerable but in 9 cases irradiation was discontinued.  In 6 it was resumed after 1-2 weeks.  Intractable rectal bleeding was present in 2.  Survival rates in the Stage C group were 60% at 3 years, 49.6% at 5 years.  5-year survival for the 24 cases with differentiated adenocarcinoma was histologically 58.8%, better than average survival rates in Japan.  Some of the 21 Stage D cases showed improvement.  Antiandrogenic therapy is indicated for well-differentiated carcinoma, but radiation therapy is best for undifferentiated tumors, which are less hormone-responsive.  Combined therapy seems justified.


The significance of the bacterial count in pyelonephrititis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa in animal experiments.


Renal clearance studies in the pig. Surgical procedures, performance of investigations and physiological data.


Radiologic examination of the esophagus in dogs and cats.


Indications and selection of patients for radiation therapy.


Radiographic contrast studies of the lower urinary tract.


Toad venom toxicity and its clinical occurrence in small animals in the United Kingdom.


Enterochromaffin cells of the mammalian small intestine as the source of motilin.


Desmosomes in human seminiferous epithelium. An electron microscopic study.


Prevention of D-galactosamine-induced hepatocellular autophagocytosis by cycloheximide.


Experimental modification of the mitogenic effect of methyl sterculate on rat liver.


Effects of uremia and vitamin D on bone and the ultrastructure of thyroid parafollicular cells and parathyroid chief cells in the rat.


Fetal hemopoiesis. II. Electron microscopic studies on human hepatic hemopoiesis.


The permeability of the blood-testis barrier to lanthanum during the immune-induced aspermatogenesis and following vasectomy in the guinea-pig.


The planning of medical education programmes. Report of a WHO Expert Committee.


Planning and organization of geriatric services. Report of a WHO Expert Committe.


WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. Twentieth report.


WHO Expert committe on Malaria.. Sixteenth report.


WHO Expert Committee on Tuberculosis. Ninth report.


Ecology and control of rodents of public health importance. Report of a WHO Scientific Group.


Detection of dependence-producing drugs in body fluids. Report of a WHO Meeting of Investigators.


Evaluation of certain food additives. Eighteenth Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.


Community health nursing. Report of a WHO Expert Committee.


New approaches in health statistics. Report of the Second International Conference of National Committees on Vital and Health Statistics.


Immunological determination of human fetal hemoglobin.


Comparison of 8 different colorimetric, radiochemical and immunological procedures for the determination of iron binding capacity.


Serum thyroxine radioimmunoassay, simplified.


Experience with immunological TBG quantitation in the clinic.


Comparison of different methods for the intensification of immunoprecipitates for the determination of trace proteins.


Incorporation of 14C- and 3H-L-leucine into immunoglobulins of different class specifity (radial-diffusion method).


A radioimmunoassay for erythropoietin.

A radioimmunoassay for erythropoietin.


Immunoglobulins of human prostatic fluid in prostatitis.


Carbonic anhydrase: a new method of detection on polyacrylamide gels using conductivity measurements.


Cryptosporidium agni sp.n. from lambs, and cryptosporidium bovis sp.n. from a calf, with observations on the oocyst.


Isolation of IgA and of a fast subfraction of IgG from human placenta extract.


Zinc enzymes in commercial Pronase-P. Further characterization of the heterogeneity of the proteolytic enzymes of the K-1 strain of Streptomyces griseus.


Estimation of the dimensions within the "pore system" in human skeletal muscle capillaries.


Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: Fab-fragments and antigens.


Genealogical blood-group analyses of the Danzig quintuplets.


Course of serologic incompatibility in twin fetuses.


Histochemical clues to problems in glucose homeostasis. The glucogenic potential of peripheral tissues and glucose-6-phosphatase activity.


Cytochemical observations on the vitellogenetic oocytes of Palaemon adspersus Rathke (crust. dec.).


The occurrence of vaginal diphtheroids in Papanicolaou smears.


Non-specific esterase and its involvement in the dynamism of outer body covering of trematodes, cestodes and nematodes (series I).


Characterization of fluorescein isothiocyanate: synthesis and testing methods for fluorescein isothiocyanate isomeres.


Tetracycline-labelling as a method for detecting the bone demineralization of parathormone-treated rats.


Histoenzymological demonstration of acid phosphatase in the gizzard of Cinnyris asiatica, Megalaima haemacephala and Upupa epops.


Decreased antidiuretic response to lysine-vasopressin after acute administration of glibenclamide in healthy subjects.


Histochemistry of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the kidneys of chameleon, python and crocodile.


Letter: Salivary IgA in periodontal disease.


Plasma progesterone levels in normal and abnormal pregnancies.


The significance of the glomeruli-bound anti-renal basement membrane active antibody as the pathogenetic factor of human chronic glomerulonephritis.


Neurofibromatosis complicated by intracranial tumors.


The diagnosis of pleuro-pulmonary lesions utilizing contrast pleurography.


Immunoglobulin analysis in families of myeloma patients.


Long-term conservative therapy of chronic AV block.


Idiopathic light chain dyscrasia--a new distinct entity? Report of a case.


Requirements for sterility testing of oral bacterial vaccines.


Self-experiments with ingestion of various bacteria.


Intra-uterine diagnosis of birth defects.


Melanocyte-stimulating hormone and the hypothalamic hormone which inhibits its release.


L-DOPA and the control of prolactin secretion.


Dopaminergic and cholinergic mechanisms in relation to postural tremor in the monkey and circling movements in the cat.


The effect of L-DOPA on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis.


Characterisation of macroglobulins IgM aggregates.


Letter: Hyperglycemia without ketosis or hypernatremia.


Origin, differentiation and renewal of the four main epithelial cell types in the mouse small intestine. III. Entero-endocrine cells.


Fatty liver produced by hyperalimentation of rats.


Chronic mesenteric arterial insufficiency caused by vascular neurofibromatosis. A case report.


Immunological studies of beta galactosidase in normal human liver and in GM1 gangliosidosis.


A comparison of the safety and efficiency of three intermittent intravenous therapy systems--the minibottle, the minibag and the inline burette.


In vivo neutron activation analysis. Clinical potential in body composition studies.


Effects of nitroglycerin on left ventricular cavitary size and cardiac performance determined by ultrasound in man.


Development of acute erythroleukemia in B-cell immunoproliferative disorders after prolonged therapy with alkylating drugs.


Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. A report of 86 cases.


Letter: Corneal cells in penetrating keratoplasty.


Role of carbonic anhydrase in urinary acidification by the toad bladder.


Excretion and retention of cadmium, zinc, and mercury by rabbit kidney.


Hyperalimentation as a treatment of Crohn's disease.


Serum immunoglobulin M in chronic urticaria.


Intermittent positive pressure breathing in management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current state of the art.


The influence of electrical current on an infecting microorganism in wounds.


Band keratopathy in mercury exposure.

Band keratopathy in mercury exposure.


Immunofluorescent test in bullous diseases of skin and mucous membranes.


Characterization of lac+ transductants of Streptococcus lactis. A phage-mediated transducing system was used in studying certain physiological characteristics of S. lactis C2 wild type, lactose-negative mutants, and lactose-positive transductants. Lac(-) mutants, obtained by acriflavine treatment of the wild type, were similar to the wild type in all characteristics tested except they lacked beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase (beta-Pgal) and could not transport [(14)C]lactose; they also had approximately 10% of the proteolytic ability than wild-type cells. The lactose-fermenting characteristic was transduced from the wild type to Lac(-) mutants. The Lac(+) transductants obtained were similar to the wild-type parent with respect to lactose fermentation and level of beta-Pgal activity (0.186 U of protein per mg). These transductants, however, had not regained full proteolytic ability and were similar to the Lac(-) mutant in this respect. Lactic acid production of the transductants in milk was approximately two-thirds that of the wild type. Data suggest that both the lactose-fermenting and proteolytic characters are carried on extrachromasomal particles (plasmids).


Aspergillus flavus infection and aflatoxin production in corn: influence of trace elements. Distribution of trace element levels in corn germ fractions from kernels naturally infected with Aspergillus flavus and from kernels free of the fungus demonstrated an association between the presence of A. flavus and higher levels of metals. A. flavus production of aflatoxin on various autoclaved corn media showed that ground, whole corn was an excellent substrate; similar high levels of toxin were observed on full-fat corn germ but endosperm and defatted corn germ supported reduced yields. The influence of trace elements and their availability in defatted corn germ to A. flavus-mediated aflatoxin biosynthesis were measured. Enrichment of the substrate with 5 to 10 mug of manganese, copper, cadmium, or chromium per g of germ increased toxin yields. Addition of lead or zinc (50 to 250 mug/g) also enhanced toxin accumulation. Aflatoxin elaboration was reduced by the addition of 25 mug of cadmium per g or 500 mug of copper per g of germ.


Microculture plaque neutralization test for California group arboviruses. A microculture plaque neutralization test is described for California-group arboviruses that is as precise and quantitative as the standard test conducted in 60-mm petri dishes. It was shown that there was no significant between-panel or between-day variation in determinations and that a single pipette could be used for all serum-dilution levels within a titration without inoculum carry-over effect. The experimental protocol and statistical methods used produce 50% neutralization end points that meet the assumptions of parametric statistics. This permits the power and versatility of the analysis of variance to be exploited in testing for treatment effects in serological and immunological studies with viruses.


Diagnosis of California (La Crosse) encephalitis by precipitin techniques: a prospective study. Counterelectrophoresis (CEP) and immunodiffusion (ID) were evaluated prospectively as methods for the early and rapid laboratory diagnosis of California encephalitis (CE). CEP and ID studies were done on paired sera from 127 patients with acute central nervous system infections. After the precipitin tests were completed, conventional hemagglutination-inhibition, neutralizing, and complement fixing antibody titers were measured. The CEP system detected antibodies in 7 (41%) of 17 CE patients during their acute illness and in all 17 patients during convalescence. The ID method was less sensitive; 3 of 17 acute sera and 16 of 17 convalescent sera were ID positive. Comparative precipitin studies indicated that La Crosse virus was the infecting California group subtype in all 17 CE patients. Because CEP can be performed in 1.5 h, is at least as sensitive as hemagglutination-inhibition, neutralizing, and complement fixing tests, and can detect prospectively 41% of CE patients during their acute illness, it is recommended as a rapid diagnostic test for CE.


Corynebacterial kidney disease of salmonids: growth and serological studies on the causative bacterium. Comparative growth studies of 10 isolates of the Corynebacterium of salmonid kidney disease were quantified on four media. Greatest cell yield was obtained from Mueller-Hinton medium with 0.1% L-cysteine hydrochloride. Serological tests, in which rabbit antisera used against typical bacteria strains showed all to be antigenically homologous, provided a reliable method of identification.


Factors that influence microbial contamination of fluids associated with hemodialysis machines. Studies were conducted on the microbiological quality of fluids associated with different types of dialysis systems located in six dialysis centers and 14 homes. Included were (i) single-pass systems employing either parallel flow (Kiil or Gambro) or capillary cartridge dialyzers and (ii) recirculating single-pass and batch recirculating systems using coil dialyzers. Microbiological assays were performed on the water used to prepare dialysis fluid, the concentrated dialysate, and either pre- and postdialyzer dialysate (single-pass systems) or the dialysate contained in storage reservoirs and recirculating cannisters (recirculating systems). The levels of microbial contamination consisting of gram-negative bacteria were directly related to the type of dialysis system, method of water treatment, distribution system, and in some instances, the type of dialyzer. Recirculating single-pass and batch recirculating systems consistently contained significantly higher levels of contamination than single-pass systems. These results were directly related to the design of recirculating systems which permits carbon- and nitrogen-containing waste products dialyzed from the patient to accumulate, be used as nutrients by microorganisms, and subsequently allow for 2- to 4-log increases in contamination levels during a dialysis treatment. In contrast, levels of contamination in single-pass machines were related more to the quality of the water used to prepare dialysis fluid and the adequacy of cleaning and disinfection procedures than to the design of the system.


Simplified extraction procedure for serological grouping of beta-hemolytic streptococci. An adaptation of the nitrous acid extraction of streptococci proved to be a reliable and practical method for the preparation of extracts for routine serological group identification. The extracts of all groups tested gave strong capillary precipitin reactions as well as reactions of double diffusion in gel. For routine grouping, extracts were prepared from the first one-half-plate subculture of the initial throat culture. The technique is simple and reliable, and it requires a minimum of technical skill, reagents, and equipment. Its use would facilitate epidemiological surveillance of group A streptococci and rapid diagnosis of streptococcal infections at a low cost.


The relationship of mouse spermatozoal to mouse testicular cathepsins.


Reaction of human chorionic somatomammotropin and human pituitary growth hormone with tetranitromethane at 0 degrees C.


Cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase of pigeon liver microsomes.


Xanthine phosphoribosyltransferase from Streptococcus faecalis. Properties and specificity.


Action of phospholipase A2 and phospholipase C on Escherichia coli.


The P700-chlorophyll a-protein. Isolation and some characteristics of the complex in higher plants.


Effect of nalidixic acid on Euglena gracilis: induced loss of chloroplast deoxyribonucleic acid.


Association and dissociation of phycocyanin by small molecules.


Interaction of the components of the lactose synthetase system.


The activation of rabbit muscle, liver, and kidney fructose bisphosphatases by histidine and citrate.


Human liver carboxylesterase. Purification and molecular properties.


Alternate pathways of linolenic acid biosynthesis in growing cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum.


Serum IgG levels in feto-fetal transfusion syndrome.


Trial comparing D-penicillamine and gold in rheumatoid arthritis. Preliminary report.


Residual fraction and the inotropic state of the left ventricle.


A comparison of the effects of some inotropic and chronotropic agents on isolated atria from normotensive (NTR) and spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) rats.


[Isoenzyme methods in the differentiation of human and monkey blood].


Modulation by fumarate of a Pi-insensitive pyruvate kinase from Rhodopseudomonas capsulata.


Influence of glass microbeads on growth, activity and morphological changes of Bacillus megaterium.


Flexibacter elegans and Myxococcus fulvus: aerobic Gram-negative bacteria containing menaquinones as the only isoprenoid quinones.


Intensive treatment of the adolescent and his family.


Rubella precipitin response in natural infection and in vaccination.


The antiviral activity of some related benzo(b) thiophene derivatives. II. Anti-influenza activity.


Pinocytotic uptake and intralysosomal crystal formation of coxsackievirus A9 in monkey kidney cells. An electron microscopic autoradiographic study.


Pathogenesis of lead encephalopathy. Uptake of lead and reaction of brain capillaries.


Quantitative variations in the expression of the mouse serum antigen Ss and its sex-limited allotype Slp.


Purification of antibodies to protein hormones by affinity chromatography on divinylsulfonyl sepharose.


Studies on the effects of insulin and acetylcholine on activation of glycogen synthase and on glycogenesis in hepatocytes.


D-ribulose 1, 5-diphosphate carboxylase from blue-green algae.


The distribution of L-asparagine synthetase in the principal organs of several mammalian and avian species. A survey was conducted of the distribution of l-asparagine synthetase and of l-asparaginase in the principal organs of representative mammals and birds. Although a radiometric assay was used as a routine, several additional criteria, including enzymic and chromatographic ones, were used to verify that the product of the synthetase was l-asparagine. Recoveries of exogenous l-asparagine were assessed in the presence of a number of mouse organs and found to be about 85%. In addition, evidence is presented for the existence in mouse liver of a thermolabile activity capable of destroying l-asparagine and stimulated by high concentrations of NH(4) (+) ions. Of the organs surveyed, pancreas was generally found to synthesize l-asparagine at the most rapid rate, whereas extracts of liver catalysed the decomposition of this amide at the greatest velocity. Of the species studied, guinea pig had the highest activities of pancreatic l-asparagine synthetase and also of hepatic l-asparaginase. The pancreas of mouse and ox also were good sources of l-asparagine synthetase.


Anti-complement effects of two anti-inflammatory agents. Niflumic and flufenamic acids.


Catalytic activity and inhibition of carbonic anhydrase of rat tissues.


Drug metabolism in Gunn rats: inability to increase bilirubin glucuronidation by phenobarbital treatment.


The prosthetic treatment of hepatitis B antigen positive patients.


Letter: 'The prevention of transmission of serum hepatitis in dentistry'.


Low right ventricular endocardial potentials in chronic Chagas' disease.


Gastrointestinal haemorrhage from ectopic gastric mucosa lining a jejunal diverticulum.


Sporadic G6PD deficiency with haemolytic anaemia in two children of West European ancestry.


Aspects of the structure and clinical role of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and related macromolecules with particular reference to urothelial carcinoma.


The role of complement in endotoxin shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation: experimental observations in the dog.


Purification and properties of calf liver aldose reductase.


On the activation of microsomal UDPglucuronyltransferase by phospholipase A.


Subunit structure and catalytic activity of pig kidney alkaline phosphatase.


Presence of a gelatin-specific proteinase and its latent form in human leucocytes.


Binding of 63Ni to rabbit serum alpha1-macroglobulin in vivo and in vitro.


Histochemical observations on the localization of some enzymes associated with digestion in four species of Brazilian nemerteans.


Molecular weight determination of bovine carbonic anhydrase.


Conformational analysis of thyrotropin releasing factor by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.


Conformational studies on the hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing factor and related compounds by 1-H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.


The determination of sequence information in homologously related proteins by mass spectrometry.


Properties of ribulose diphosphate carboxylase immobilized on porous glass.


studies on aminoacylase immobilized on porous ceramic carriers.


Immunodepressive action of oncogenic virus SA7 (C8).


Zinc and insulin content in pancreatic islets of rats after administration of hypoglycemic sulfonamides.


A sensitive and specific assay for cystathionine: cystathionine content of several plant tissues.


The use of anti-immunoglobulin for the immunoprecipitation of labeled proteins from tissue homogenates.


Proceedings: Structure-activity relationships in the sulphonamide-carbonic anhydrase systems.


The pharmacokinetics of (14C)-edrophonium in normal wistar rats and homozygous Gunn rats with ligated renal pedicles. 1 The distribution kinetics of [(14)C]-edrophonium were studied in both normal Wistar and homozygous Gunn rats with ligated renal pedicles.2 After intravenous injection the plasma concentration-time curve of [(14)C]-edrophonium was adequately fitted by a triexponential function in both species of rat and interpreted in terms of a three compartment model.3 The influence of the route of administration (i.e., systemic venous versus hepatic portal) of [(14)C]-edrophonium on its concentration in plasma was studied in normal Wistar rats with ligated renal pedicles. There was a marked difference in the area under the plasma concentration-time curve depending on the route of administration.4 The parameters of the model were determined and compared.5 The value of the metabolism rate constant was approximately the same in both species of rat. This suggests that the rate of conjugation of [(14)C]-edrophonium is unaltered in the homozygous Gunn rat despite the genetic lesion in UDP-glucuronyltransferase.


Sticky eye in the newborn.

Sticky eye in the newborn.


Lacticacidosis, ketoacidosis, and hyperalaninaemia in a phenformintreated diabetic patient.


Studies on whole-body potassium in non-ketoacidotic diabetics before and after treatment. Serial measurements of whole-body potassium were carried out in 28 diabetic patients, in 23 of whom diabetes had only recently been diagnosed. Eleven patients were treated with insulin, 12 with oral hypoglycaemic agents, and the rest were already on oral hypoglycaemic agents and had developed poor diabetic control; four of these required insulin. Whole-body potassium was measured before treatment was begun (or altered) and again one and six weeks later. Whole-body potassium (ratio of observed to expected) was initially reduced in most of the patients requiring insulin. After control of diabetes whole-body potassium increased significantly in the three groups. The increase in whole-body potassium in the individual patients varied over a wide range, and in patients who were treated with insulin it was often of a similar magnitude to that observed in patients in diabetic ketoacidosis.


Letter: Pseudomonas septicaemia following superficial colonization.


Immunodiagnosis of snake bite.

Immunodiagnosis of snake bite. Management of a patient with snake bite is influenced by the nature of the offending snake. Species diagnosis based on the patient's history and physical signs is often unreliable and the possibility of making a species diagnosis by immunological means has therefore been investigated. Wound aspirates, blister fluids, sera, and urine samples from patients with snake bite were examined for the presence of species-specific venoms using immunodiffusion. A positive species diagnosis was made in 40 out of 101 patients. Immunodiagnosis was especially successful in patients bitten by the puff adder, Bitis arietans, and the African spitting cobra, Naja nigricollis. A higher success rate could probably be achieved using more specific antisera and more sensitive assay techniques.


Active insoluble prostatic phosphatase cocrosslinked with bovine serum albumin by glutaraldehyde.


Photosynthesis and nitrogenase activity in the blue-green alga Gloeocapsa.


Action of chlorpromazine on spore-forming Bacillus species.


Plaque formation in Bacillus subtilis, and growth inhibition of Bacillus subtilis and Sarcina sp., induced by Schizophyllum commune.


A system for mapping DNA sequences in the chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster.


Isolation and characterization of polysomes from Chironomus salivary glands.


Ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer.


Resection of head of pancreas and duodenum for carcinoma--pancreatoduodenectomy.


An ultrastructural study of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the toad, bufo bufo.


N-oxidation and demethylation of N,N-dimethylaniline by rabbit liver and lung microsomes. Effects of age and metals.


[Alexander Brunschwig (1901-1969)].

[Alexander Brunschwig (1901-1969)].


Special report: chemical carcinogenesis.


A comparison of African and European serum levels of immunoglobulin E. The mean level of serum IgE in Nigerian blood donors is significantly higher than those in expatriates living in Nigeria and in Swiss blood donors. The examination of serum IgE levels (by the radioactive single radial diffusion technique) in Nigerian patients with different diseases, in asthmatic children with matched controls in Ghana, and in subjects from malarious and non-malarious areas of Tanzania indicates that high IgE levels in Africans may not be due to malaria, vesical schistosomiasis, or onchocerciasis infections. A marked difference, however, was found between African subjects with positive and negative findings of stool parasites; they had higher and lower mean levels of serum IgE, respectively. It seems that, in an African population where the serum IgE levels are raised for other reasons, a rise in IgE in association with allergic conditions such as asthma may not be apparent.


Other pathological processes in malaria. Research since the World War II has confirmed that, apart from the production of haemozoin from haemoglobin, most of the pathological processes in the evolution of malaria are nonspecific. A few of these nonspecific host reactions are discussed, including the production of inflammatory stasis in certain areas (including the brain) where the vascular endothelium is normally highly impermeable to heavy molecules. This production of stasis is regarded as the basic phenomenon in local obstruction to blood flow. So-called "plugging" of small vessels with "sticky" infected erythrocytes is discussed in relation to stasis and to deep intravascular schizogony. Nonspecific vasomotor effects including shock and renal and hepatic failure are also discussed. Intravascular coagulation is not regarded as a potentially important host response despite demonstrable consumption coagulopathy. The disease malaria is regarded as an example of a chain reaction of physiological-pathological responses in the host, which in the early stages are reversible.


Immunopathology of malaria.

Immunopathology of malaria. Antibodies with different spectra of reactivity are produced during malarial infections and marked changes in IgG and IgM levels occur. In addition malaria elicits serological changes that are usually associated with connective tissue disease. The excessive anaemia associated with malaria may, in part, be an autoimmune phenomenon. Transient nephritis accompanies many plasmodial infections but chronic malarial nephrotic syndrome is specifically associated with quartan malaria. Malarial infection leads to splenomegaly, the most extreme form of which is idiopathic tropical splenomegaly, which probably represents an aberrant immune response to the infection. Malaria can affect the humoral immune response to unrelated antigens and infectious agents. This may be relevant to the etiology of Burkitt's lymphoma. During pregnancy there is some loss of acquired immunity to P. falciparum and the placenta appears to be an immunologically privileged site for the multiplication of this parasite.


The indirect haemagglutination test for malaria and its application to epidemiological surveillance. Recent studies with the indirect haemagglutination test for malaria are reviewed. Aspects of methodology, reproducibility, specificity, and sensitivity are discussed. A procedure is presented for application in the field, which indicates some progress towards developing a simple field method for the epidemiological surveillance of malaria.


Prospects for vaccination against malaria in man. Rodents have been successfully protected against a challenge of viable Plasmodium berghei by employing as vaccine: (1) the irradiated blood stages of the same parasite, or (2) the water-insoluble fraction of the blood stages, or (3) irradiated sporozoites; all these vaccines were shown to be stage-specific. A method is outlined for testing in the field, in the absence of any risks, the efficacy of analogous vaccines against falciparum malaria in man. It is emphasized that: (1) the efficacy of the vaccines can be tested in no model but only against P. falciparum in man; (2) the protection should be measured in terms of (a) prevention of morbidity, and (b) prevention of mortality; and (3) research must be intensified in order to meet, as needed, the requirements of mass production of merozoites and/or sporozoites, and to find ways to increase the human immune response to a higher level of protection against P. falciparum.


Extrinsic error in amniotic bilirubin determination for the prediction of antenatal hemolytic disease.


Studies of malformation syndromes in man. XXVII. The N syndrome, a "new" multiple congenital anomaly-mental retardation syndrome.


Prenatal diagnosis: detailed chromosomal analysis in 500 cases.


Techniques in megavoltage radiotherapy. No. 5. Carcinoma of the bladder.


Diverticulosis of the Fallopian tubes.

Diverticulosis of the Fallopian tubes.


Free radical production by metallic copper.


Serum protein components in human endometrium.


Bilateral vas ligation: sperm antibodies.


Effect of oxytetracycline on the growth curve of Rickettsia prowazekii in the organism of the body louse (Pediculus humanus corporis L.) and Ornithodoros moubata tick (Murray).


Effects of postovulatory norethindrone and estrogens on the plasma levels of estrogen and progesterone in rhesus monkeys.


RNA synthesis in Drosophila melanogaster polytene chromosomes. Indications of simultaneous dosage compensation and dosage effect in X chromosomes.


Neurophysin in rat posterior pituitary after ether anesthesia: disc electrophoresis, immunodiffusion and histology of hypothalamic nuclei.


Polyol metabolism in monkey-kidney epithelial-cell cultures. Sorbitol synthesis.


Primary structure of kappa light chain from a human myeloma protein.


Control of ornithine carbamoyltransferase activityby arginase in Bacillus subtilis.


Introduction to the discussion on characteristics of installations for radiotherapy with fast neutrons and other types of high-LET radiation.


Characteristics of 252Cf neutron sources used for radiotherapy.


Radiobiology with heavy charged particles directed at radiotherapy.


Review of RBE values of 15 MeV neutrons for effects on normal tissues.


Negative pions in radiotherapy: a brief review.


The RBE of cyclotron neutrons for effects on normal tissues.


Repair and repopulation in mouse skin during fractionated neutron and x-irradiation.


Production of 14 MeV neutrons by a mixed deuterium-tritium beam.


A D-T neutron source with rotating target for radiotherapeutic applications.


Neutron-therapy facility at the Radiotherapy Department of the University Hospital, Hamburg-Eppendorf.


The "Hiletron" neutron generator at Manchester.


Recirculating gas target source for neutron cancer therapy.


9-Be(d,n)10-B reaction for radiotherapeutic applications at the cyclotron in Rossendorf.


The MANTA neutron-therapy facility at the Naval Research Laboratory.


Fast neutron beams from the MSKCC cyclotron.


The 7-Li(p,n)7-Be reaction as a useful source of fast neutrons for therapy.


Preliminary study of the neutron beam from 70 MeV deuterons on thick beryllium at the University of Maryland cyclotron.


A fast neutron beam facility at the cyclotron of the University of Louvain.


Neutron therapy application at the Heidelberg cyclotron facility.


The fast neutron beam radiotherapy installation at the TAMVEC cyclotron.


A medical cyclotron program in the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Japan.


The University of Washington fast neutron beam therapy facility.


Stanford University Hospital negative pi-meson beam radiotherapy program.


Possible pion sources for radiotherapy.

Possible pion sources for radiotherapy.


The negative pi-meson biomedical facility at TRIUMF.


Characteristics of tumour responses to different radiations and the relative biological effectiveness of fast neutrons.


On the relative importance of hypoxic cells for the radiotherapy of human tumours.


Comparison of RBE values of 15 MeV neutrons for damage to an experimental tumour and some normal tissues.


RBE values of 15 MeV neutrons applied at low dose rates.


Dosimetry of 9be (d, n) 10b neutrons for radiotherapeutic applications at the cyclotron in Rossendorf.


The fast neutron beams from the TAMVEC cyclotron.


Neutron dosimetry for the MANTA facility at NRL.


Fast neutron beam dosimetry: comparison of the ion chamber and proportional counter approaches.


Dosimetry of D-T neutrons for radiotherapeutic applications at Rijswijk.


Energy distribution and depth doses of D-T neutrons in a tissue-equivalent phantom by activation threshold detectors.


Neutron dosimetry system for routine treatment control.


Neutron dosimetry in Manchester.

Neutron dosimetry in Manchester.


Neutron energy spectra in a phantom for the Hamburg and Heidelberg therapy units.


Dosimetry of fast neutrons for radiotherapy at the DKFZ cyclotron in Heidelberg.


Preliminary dose measurements in the fast neutron beam at the cyclotron of the University of Louvain.


Neutron dose distributions and RBE.

Neutron dose distributions and RBE.


Dosimetry for D-T neutrons at Glasgow.

Dosimetry for D-T neutrons at Glasgow.


Collimation of a 14 MeV neutron beam.

Collimation of a 14 MeV neutron beam.


Calculation of depth dose and beam profile for the fast neutron beam produced by the Heidelberg cyclotron.


Some aspects in neutron shielding and collimation.


Contribution of patient scatter to 15 MeV neutron beam penumbra.


Experimental studies in the collimation of 14-8 MeV neutrons.


Dosimetry for neutron radiotherapy.

Dosimetry for neutron radiotherapy.


Developments in achieving optimum beam profiles for 15 MeV neutron beams.


Depth dose characteristics and beam profile properties of cyclotron-produced neutron beams.


Protein synthesis of monkey lung subcellular fractions after exposure to silica in vivo.


Endosymbiotic microorganisms in Cletus signatus Walker (Coreidae: Heteroptera).


The release of proteins and 5S RNA during the unfolding of Escherichia coli ribosomes.


Medicaid coverage of abortions in New York City: costs and benefits. New York was among the first states to provide Medicaid financing of abortions for needy women.  This was begun in July 1970 when the liberalized state abortion law took effect.  Each year since, nearly 40% of the New York City abortion patients have been funded by Medicaid.  There is evidence that Medicaid funding of abortions for indigent women has had a favorable impact on improving the health and welfare of these women.  There are attempts nationwide to cut off or restrict Medicaid financing for abortions.  Results of a cutback on funding will be 1) many septic and incomplete illegal abortions, 2) an increase of 10,000-15,000 births in New York City, and 3) added costs to federal, state, and local relief funds for delivery services, foster care,  welfare payments, and day care facilities for these added births.  Additional costs to government health and welfare organizations in the first year would be from 7-10 times what Medicaid coverage of abortions would cost.


Purification and properties of tyrosinase inhibitor from mushroom.


Delta pH and membrane potential in bacterial chromatophores.


Medicaid in Delaware.

Medicaid in Delaware.


Low dose tolerance preventing tumor immunity.


Ontogenesis of Ca++ and Mg++ contents of embryonic chick heart.


Failure of synthetic TRF to elicit metamorphosis in frog tadpoles or red-spotted newts.


Some observations on the study of the genetic control of meiosis in Drosophila melanogaster.


Mechanisms of chromosomal and gene inactivation in Drosophila.


Long term success with homograft reconstruction of the aorta for the cure of aneurysm.


The measurement of renal function in children: a review.


Autoradiographic and cytophotometric investigations on blast cells from acute leukaemia.


Phytohemagglutinin-stimulated rat lymphocytes and spleen-colony formation.


The influence of prostaglandins E1 and E2 on platelet aggregation in mammals.


Biological abnormalities in erythroblasts and erythrocytes of acquired idiopathic dyserythropoietic anemia.


On the alkaloids of Fumaria parviflora Lam.


On the diagnostical value of the white phenomenon's reaction and Black's reaction in malignant diseases.


Study on the antimycotic action of some essential oils obtained from local and introduced plants species.


Gaseous and acid-base changes in patients with cirrhosis hepatis in 100% oxygen respiration.


Changes in foetal electrocardiograms in oxytocin stimulated birth.


Uroinfection and antibiotic activity by calculous pyelonephritis.


Changes in the concentrations of the water soluble proteins and the activities of the lactic dehydrogenase, glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic-peruvic transaminases in m. gastrocnemius of a rat at various stages after crushing the innervating nerve (reinnervation).


Differences in the histomorphologic and histochemical structure of the so called "progressive" and "stationary" pterygium.


Electronomicroscopic morphometric changes the liver cell of rats following administration of alcohol and alcohol-reserpin.


The effect of the constant magnetic field upon the growth and development of Tr vaginalis.


The influence of the ionised air upon the development of Trichomonas vaginalis in cultures.


Studies on the incidence of some infrabacterial pneumonias (viral-ricketsial and mycoplasmic) in Plovdiv during the period 1969-1971.


On the antimycotic effect of the Mericleri salt.


Comparison of the indices of the bromsulphalein test, the serum cholinesterase and the galactose test by hepatic cirrhosis.


On the diagnostical value of the indocyane clearance in chronic deseases of the liver.


Types of vaginal cytosmears in late pregnancy and their prognostic value.


Preparing of labelled with 113m In ferric hydroxyde for scintigraphic examination of the lung.


A study upon the incidence and typal composition of the fungi Candida sp. in cases of mixed invasion with Tr. vaginalis by vaginal deseases.


In support of the principle of metorysis.


Gastro-intestinal absorption and toxicology: ingesta-exchange and simulated-meal techniques.


Syndromes of Sturge-Weber and Klippel-Weber in the same patient.


The stature of offspring and the assortative mating of parents.


A relationship between plasma cholesterol level, latitude, and the Rhesus blood group system.


Metric trends of the anterior teeth in African monkeys.


Is health care a right? Negative response.


Molecular mechanism of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.


Immunological studies in tropical eosinophilia.