Patterns of gene variation in central and marginal populations of Drosophila robusta. The central and marginal populations of D. robusta differ greatly in the level of inversion polymorphism; the marginal populations are monomorphic or nearly so and the central populations are highly polymorphic. This paper presents the frequencies of alleles at forty gene loci in various populations of D. robusta, studied by electrophoresis of proteins and enzymes. Population samples were obtained from eight widely separated populations of D. robusta which included the central, the extreme marginal and the intervening populations between the center and the margins. We find that the proportion of polymorphic loci and average heterozygosity per individual is slightly higher in the marginal populations than the central populations. In D. robusta on an average, 39% of the loci are polymorphic and the average proportion of loci heterozygous per individual is 11%. A breakdown of loci in three categories, viz, hydrolytic enzymes and some other enzymes, larval proteins and glycolytic and Kreb's cycle enzymes, shows that in all populations the level of polymorphism is highest in the hydrolytic enzymes, intermediate in larval proteins and least in the glycolytic and Kreb's cycle enzymes. On the average, the proportion of loci heterozygous per individual for three groups of loci is: hydrolytic enzymes and others (.164), larval proteins (.115) and glycolytic and Kreb's cycle enzymes (.037). We also observe that in all populations the level of polymorphism on the X chromosome is far less than the expected 38%; in salivary gland cells the euchromatic length of the X chromosome is 38% of the entire genome. Lower levels of polymorphism for the X chromosome loci are explained due to low probability of balanced polymorphisms for the X-linked loci since the conditions for establishment of balanced polymorphism for X-linked loci are more restrictive than for the autosomal loci.-The polymorphic loci can be grouped according to pattern of allele frequencies in different populations as follows: (1) The allele frequencies are similar in all populations at the XDH, Pep-1 and Hex-1 loci. (2) The alleles at the Est-1, Est-2, Amy loci and the AP-4(1.0) and the LAP-1(.90) alleles show north south clinal change in frequency. (3) There is north south and east west differentiation at the Pt-5, Pt-8 and Pt-9 loci and the allele AP-4(.81). (4) Polymorphism at loci such as Fum, B.Ox, Hex-8, Pep-2 and Pep-3 are restricted to only one or two of the populations. (5) Allele frequencies at the MDH and ODH loci fluctuate between populations. (6) Allele frequencies at many polymorphic loci such as Est-1, Est-2, LAP-1, AP-4, Pt-5, Pt-8, Pt-9, Pt-16, MDH, Fum change clinally within a gene arrangement. The pattern of gene variation in D. robusta is very complex and cannot be easily explained due to migration of neutral alleles between once-isolated populations or to semi-isolation of neutral alleles. The observations of the pattern of allele variation in different populations, high levels of polymorphism in the marginal populations which have small population size and low levels of polymorphism of the X chromosome loci all support the argument in favor of balancing selection as the main mechanism for the maintenance of these polymorphisms. Environmental factors must play a role in the maintenance of a great deal of these polymorphisms, since we observe clinal allele frequency changes even within a given inversion type.


Inherited biochemical variation in Drosophila melanogaster: noise or signal? I. Single-locus analysis. A study was conducted using small effective population size as an experimental design to test selective neutrality of seven isozyme polymorphisms. Loci varied as to the degree to which the decay of heterozygosity over 21 generations was retarded. Selection for heterozygotes, overdominance, is implicated for at least four of seven loci. Of these ADH gave the largest heterozygote excess in the presence of inbreeding. An interaction between the small population size treatment and excess heterozygosity suggests that (1) the loci studied may be selectively neutral and linked to other loci which are under the influence of selection or (2) the selection coefficients for the loci studied are not independent of the background genotype. In either case four of the seven enzymes studied are signaling the operation of selection. The problem of distinguishing the effect of a single marker from that of a chromosome segment is emphasized. The identification of the genetic unit of selection is crucial to any interpretation of the meaning of enzyme polymorphisms.


Diphthericin types, bacteriophage types and serotypes of Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains isolated in Australia. A dipthericin typing scheme has been constructed using 441 strains of Corynebacterium diptheriae isolated in eastern Australia from 1962 to 1971. Ten types have been distinguished using seven strains of C. diphtheriae and two strains of C. belfanti as indicators of the diphthericins produced by the newly isolated strains. Strains grouped into types L2, L3 and L3a were found only in Melbourne and types L1 and L4 were predominant in Sydney. Type L5 strains were isolated intermittently throughout the period of study and were found in all eastern states. Numerical analysis of the characteristics of the strains suggests that associations exist between, on the one hand, diphthericin type and, on the other hand, bacteriophage type, serotype and biochemical activity.


Variation among strains of Coynebacterium diphtheriae during an outbreak in a restricted environment. Strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated from a small outbreak in the restricted environment of a Mental Hospital were examined. All belonged to one serotype, but there was marked variation in diphthericin type, in sensitivity to bacteriophages and in the minor antigens possessed. One strain was non-virulent and laboratory-produced variants of this non-virulent strain showed changes in some of the characteristics used in the identification and typing of the organism, such as diphthericin type, sensitivity to bacteriophages and diphthericins, virulence, starch fermentation and, to a lesser extent, in antigenic structure. The epidemiological and experimental findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the strains isolated, both in the hospital and in the laboratory, were derivatives of a single parent and the mechanism of some of the variations could be related to changes in some structural component such as the cell membrane or the cell wall.


The effect of collagenase-like peptidase from rat testis and clostridial collagenase A on the rat seminal vesicle secretion and its coagulation.


Stimulation of actinomycin D-binding to eutherian sperm chromatin by reduction of disulphide bonds.


Electron microscopy of human vaginal epithelium under normal and experimental conditions.


Posttraumatic ossification of the myocardium.


Malaria in Vietnam (I Corps sector): review of 214 cases including EEG patterns on 19 acutely ill patients.


Case for diagnosis: phaeosporotrichosis.


Management in military blood banking for conservation of blood resources: new aspects concerning the blood donor base.


Perspectives in renovascular hypertension.


Blast injury of the ear: treatment and evaluation.


Free-living wild animal studies: a stimulus to zoonoses research.


Factors related to the retention of naval flight surgeons.


Maxillofacial rehabilitation in South Vietnam.


Spontaneous rupture of hypernephroma: case report.


School counselor: neglected asset in Department of Defense schools.


Synkavit. Radiosensitizing agent in prostatic carcinoma.


Histocompatibility testing in intrafamilial renal transplantation.


Circulatory effects of splenectomy in the horse. 3. Effect on pulse-work relationship.


Milk ejection in primiparous heifers in the presence of their calves.


The determination of testosterone in the plasma of calves by radioimmunoassay.


Effect of hysterotomy in ewes at different stages of gestation on consequent fertility.


The effects of pitocin and hysterectomy on growth and involution of the corpus luteum of the rabbit.


Localization of measles antibody and inhibitor activity in fractions of human sera at different stages of the disease, and sera of animals immunized with measles virus. I. Dynamics of increase in measles antibody activity and its localization in children sera after natural infection.


II. Primary and secondary immunological response of experimental animals to attenuated and nonattenuated measles virus.


Experimental studies on attenuated measles virus.


Ontogeny of squirrel monkey calls under normal conditions and under acoustic isolation.


Effects of lipid peroxidation on activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes in liver microsomes of rats.


Urinary excretion of the mycotoxin, sterigmatocystin by vervet monkeys.


Evidence of biological kinship using red cell enzyme polymorphisms to supplement the blood groups.


Antitumor activity of constituents of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Dietary appraisal of West Bengal pre-school children and its effect on growth and nutrition.


A histologic follow-up study of free autogenous skin grafts to the alveolar ridge in humans.


The capacity of the parotid glands to concentrate 99mTc from plasma, used as a function test.


Operative procedures in periapical surgery with contempraneous root filling.


A study of failures after endodontic surgery by radiographic, histologic and stereomicroscopic methods.


A note on the origin of keratocysts of the jaws.


Occurrence of focal epithelial hyperplasia among Amerindians in Ecuador.


A histologic study of experimentally produced intra-oral odontogenic fistulae in monkeys.


Effect of pupal necrosis upon periodontal healing after surgical injury in rats.


Remarkable recurrence of a keratocyst in a bone-graft.


The treatment of ankylosis in children.

The treatment of ankylosis in children.


Influence of mandibular third molars on related supporting tissues.


Five cases of hypophosphatasia with dental findings.


Lymphangiosarcoma of the gingiva.

Lymphangiosarcoma of the gingiva.


New metabolic products of Aspergillus flavus. 3. Biosynthesis of asperentin.


Chloroplast ribosomal RNA genes in the chloroplast DNA of Euglena gracilis.


A test for nucleotide sequence homology.


Formation of rings from Drosophila DNA fragments.


Stability and fine structure of eukaryotic DNA rings in formamide.


Proteins in fluid from non-keratinizing jaw cysts. 1. Separation patterns on cellulose acetate membranes and percentage distribution of the electrophoretic fractions.


Activity levels of some oxidoreductases of carbohydrate metabolism in leukoplakic and normal human buccal epithelium.


Thymidine uptake and cell migration in cheek epithelium of zinc-deficient rats.


Total parenteral hyperalimentation versus conventional techniques.


Disulfide bonds of human IgM: differential sensitivity to reductive cleavage.


The enrichment of T-cell functions in a lymphocyte population by anti-immunoglobulin columns.


Amyloid fibril protein subunit, "protein AS": distribution in tissue and serum in different clinical types of amyloidosis including that associated with myelomatosis and Waldenström's macroglobulinamia.


Stimulation of TSH release and glucose oxidation in pituitaries from thyroidectomized rats by thyrotropin releasing factor (TRF).


Fracture healing controlled by 87mSr uptake.


Current status of the cholesterol hypothesis.


Chronic meningococcemia in childhood. Case report and review of the literature.


Surveillance of elderly hospital patients for pulmonary tuberculosis. A restrospective study of pulmonary tuberculosis in a general hospital showed that the diagnosis had been frequently overlooked in the middleaged or elderly because the patient also suffered from a more acute condition which preoccupied the attention of the doctor. The commonest error was to discount chest x-ray abnormalities by omitting sputum culture or serial radiography.Surveillance was carried out on all patients aged 60 or over admitted to a large general hospital whose routine chest radiograph showed signs of possible pulmonary tuberculosis whether apparently active or inactive. Three sputum samples from each patient were examined for Mycobacterium tuberculosis without reference to the clinical presentation. In a nine-month period six out of 81 patients proved to have active pulmonary tuberculosis (7.4%). It is suggested that this may be a useful method of screening the elderly hospital population for pulmonary tuberculosis.


The triiodothyronine and thyroxine response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone in the assessment of the pituitary-thyroid axis.


Plasma thyrotrophin and its response to thyrotrophin releasing hormone in endemic goitre.


Attachment formation and separation in heterosexually naive preadult rheus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).


Isolation and properties of mutants of the FP2 sex factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Genetic and environmental control of a continuous trait, abnormal abdomen, in Drosophila melanogaster.


Genetic differences between populations of Drosophila melanogaster for a quantitative trait. I. Laboratory populations.


Genetic differences between populations of Drosophila melanogaster for a quantitative trait. II. Wild and laboratory populations.


Assessment of indirect haemagglutination procedures for the serological diagnosis of bovine brucellosis.


Mechanism and kinetics of the Haldane effect in human erythrocytes.


Kinetic analysis of calcium transport across the placenta.


Assessment of fluorescent antibody absorption procedures for differentiation of the serological response to Yersinia enterocolitica serotype IX and Brucella abortus in cattle.


In vivo regional cerebral blood volume by x-ray fluorescence: validation of method.


A bidirectional projection between the gracile nucleus and the cerebellum in the dog? An experimental study with tigrolysis and axonal degeneration methods.


Peripheral and thoracic duct lymphocyte blastogenesis by T cell specific mitogens in the rhesus monkey.


Essential fatty acid studies in primates linolenic acid requirements of capuchins.


Experimental placental detachment in the rhesus monkey: changes in villous ultrastructure.


Some factors affecting the occurence of lead poisoning in captive primates.


A comparative study of platelet aggregation in primates.


Mechanical properties of the primate thorax.


Commensals and parasites of African baboons (Papio cynocephalus L. 1766) captured in Rift Valley Province of central Kenya.


Learning in monkeys fed elevated amino acid diets.


Eruption sequence of the deciduous dentition of Papio cynocephalus.


Lipid levels in serum, liver and aorta of the vervet monkey.


Unilateral renal aplasia in the baboon.

Unilateral renal aplasia in the baboon.


Evaluation of the hypothermic action of tetrahydrocannabinols in mice and squirrel monkeys.


The effects of arachidonic acid, prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2alpha on the longitudinal stomach strip of the rat.


Increase in hepatic blood flow and d-propranolol clearance by glucagon in the monkey.


Device for the formation of wells in agar gel.


Medium for the propagation and assay of lactic and other phages.


IgM serum agglutinators.

IgM serum agglutinators.


Characterization of subclass-related F(ab)2, Fab-c and Fch fragments obtainined by short papain digestion of human IgG myeloma proteins.


Instrumental (operant) conditioning of visceral and autonomic functions.


Ossifications as a reaction on metal implants.


The effect of serotonin on cerebral and extracerebral blood flow with possible implications in migraine.


Studies on electron transport associated with photosystem I. 3. The reduction sites of various Hill oxidants in the photosynthetic electron transport system.


A new polyamine carrier for the immobilization of proteins. Water-insoluble derivatives of pepsin and trypsin.


Soyabean lipoxygenase: an iron-containing enzyme.


Soya-bean lipoxygenase: an iron-containing dioxygenase.


Solubilization and characterization of hepatic bilirubin UDP-glucuronyltransferase.


Effects of phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene on substrate specificity of rat liver microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase.


Immunochemistry of tetanus toxin. The nitration of tyrosyl residues in tetanus toxin.


Large-scale preparation of soluble adenovirus hexon, penton and fiber antigens in highly purified form.


Equine infectious anemia: plasma clearance times of passively transferred antibody in foals.


Effects of altered ventricular load on the Walton-Brodie strain gauge arch.


Organ blood flow during pulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass.


Glomerular filtration rate and extracellular fluid volumes during normoglycemia and moderate hyperglycemia in diabetics.


Chimerism following fetal transfusion. Report of leucocyte hybridization and infant with acute lymphocytic leukaemia.


Specificity of lymphocytotoxic anti-human antibodies in normal rabbit sera.


Further evidence for HL-A antigens present on adult peripheral red blood cells.


Anomalous reactivity of certain HL-A typing sera with leukemic lymphocytes.


Frequency spectrum of optokinetic nystagmus in the normal monkey.


Ecological significance of endosymbiosis: an overall concept.


Ferredoxins in the evolution of photosynthetic systems from anaerobic bacteria to higher plants.


Inhibition of muscle acetoacetate utilization during diabetic ketoacidosis.


Elimination of free and protein-bound ionic mercury (20Hg2+) in man.


Divalent cations and the release reaction of pig platelets.


Inhibition of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by a factor produced by Candida albicans. When Candida albicans is present on Transgrow specimens, Neisseria gonorrhoeae is detected less frequently or else can be seen in Gram stains but cannot be readily cultured. When C. albicans and N. gonorrhoeae are grown together on Transgrow, the gonococcal cells die off much more readily than N. gonorrhoeae grown on Transgrow alone. By use of a cross-streaking technique on agar plates, it has been demonstrated that C. albicans produces a soluble substance inhibitory to N. gonorrhoeae, although not to other microorganisms tested. Preliminary results indicate that this inhibitory factor can be extracted by the use of tertiary butanol. Since approximately one-third of the Transgrow specimens with growth contains yeasts, of which C. albicans is by far the most frequent, this factor presents an important complication in the diagnosis of gonorrhea in women.


Lysogenic strains of group N lactic streptococci. A temperate bacteriophage, designated r(1)t, was inducible from the group N lactic streptococcus, Streptococcus cremoris R(1), by ultraviolet irradiation or mitomycin C treatment. Induced lysates produced plaques on lawns of three closely related S. cremoris strains, AM(1), SK(11), and US(3). Strain SK(11) was readily lysogenized. S. cremoris AM(1) was the most reliable indicator strain, although the age of the culture used for seeding plates was critical. Zones of lysis but no plaque formation were observed on lawns of nine additional S. cremoris strains. Phage r(1)t could not be detected in filtrates of stationary-phase R(1) cultures and was near the limits of detection in logarithmically growing cultures. Phage levels were still very low (1 plaque-forming unit on AM(1) per 10 induced cells) in induced lysates of R(1) cultures. These low levels of detectable phage may be attributable to an inadequate indicator, lysogenization of the indicator, adsorption of induced phage to cellular debris, concurrent induction of other undetectable phages, or the production of high proportions of defective phages. Electron micrographs of induced R(1) lysates revealed a high incidence of incomplete phage particles, fragments, and ghosts.


Morphological observations of Diplodia maydis on synthetic and natural substrates as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Mycelial and spore morphology of Diplodia maydis were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy after growth on various media and natural substrates (oat and corn kernels, and corn husks). Of several specimen preparation methods studied, Parducz fixation followed by critical-point or freeze-drying gave adequate preservation for pycnidia, mycelia, and spores. Morphological characteristics were similar in rotary and reciprocal shaker cultures and differed from that found in stationary cultures in the amount of slime-like material produced and precipitated matter on the mycelial surfaces. In general, mycelial surfaces were smooth. Large areas of coalesced material were present in all samples examined. Slime-like material produced in liquid media appeared as a finely laced net, randomly appearing throughout the mycelia with bead-like structures present along the net. A fine netting also was observed interspersed among the spores inside the pycnidia obtained from oats. Slime-like material was observed to cover the pycnidia produced on oat and corn kernels. In the latter case, the spores were less protected by the outer slime-like covering. Thickened node-like structures were observed in mycelial mats produced in modified Fries 2 medium, on potato dextrose agar plates, and on infected oats. Round and ovate thickened node-like structures were observed in mycelium produced on corn kernels. In general, node-like structures were less abundant in mycelia from naturally infected substrates. Conidia were commonly rounded to tapered and two celled, with a distinctive ridged septum at the middle. Dried spores were collapsed in a characteristic flask-like fashion.


Pyocin sensitivity of Pseudomonas species. Only the fluorescent pseudomonads, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. putida, and P. fluorescens, were sensitive to pyocins produced from P. aeruginosa.


Simplified method for the purification of group A streptococcal M-proteins: solution of the multiple banding problem. A simple and rapid procedure for the isolation in high yield (about a 30% recovery based on the total 30 to 60% ammonium sulfate recovery) of homogeneous purified group A streptococcal M-protein is described. M-proteins extracted from whole cells of group A streptococci by treatment with hot HCl were neutralized, fractionated with ammonium sulfate, dialyzed, lyophilized, and then subjected to treatment with hot 60% trichloroacetic acid. This was shown to produce an M-protein preparation, free of group A carbohydrate activity and extraneous antigens, in yields up to 10-fold higher than previous methods in about one-fifth the time. These M-protein preparations were shown to: (i) have similar amino acid compositions to their respective type-specific proteins purified by diethylaminoethyl and O-(carboxymethyl) cellulose chromatography, (ii) react with their respective type-specific antisera in Ouchterlony diffusion, (iii) produce antisera in rabbits capable of promoting streptococcal long-chain formation in vitro, and (iv) give only one major band on polyacrylamide gel disk electrophoresis. The data allow for an explanation of the hitherto described multiple banding M-proteins seen on acrylamide electrophoresis.


Comparison of methods for enumerating fluorescent bacteria. Comparable numbers of fluorescent bacteria may be obtained by either the most-probable-number procedure or by preparing spread plates on modified Henrici agar.


Bacterial culture longevity: control by inorganic phosphate and temperature. Death of cells in cultures of six species of gram-negative bacteria was accelerated by incorporation in the medium of 10-fold more inorganic phosphate than was needed for growth. Death induced by inorganic phosphate was independent of the carbohydrate employed and was enhanced by warm temperatures.


Medium containing trypan blue and antibiotics for the detection of Cryptococcus neoformans in clinical samples. A medium containing trypan blue, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol is introduced for the detection of Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus species from clinical samples. Ten recently isolated strains of Cryptococcus species as well as several clinical isolates of C. neoformans incorporated trypan blue and produced dark blue colonies on this mycological medium, whereas other common yeasts were light blue. The laboratory diagnosis of two cases of cryptococcosis was accomplished by the isolation of C. neoformans on the antibiotic-dye-containing medium. Compared to conventional media supporting large numbers of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram-negative bacilli, the new medium was selective for yeasts. In one instance, the colonization of the respiratory tract by C. neoformans which led to fungemia was traced by the use of the antibiotic-dye medium. The antibiotic mixture, utilized herein, was more effective in suppressing bacteria contained in samples from patients than a medium containing cycloheximide and chloramphenicol.


Method for performing aerobic plate counts of anhydrous cosmetics utilizing Tween 60 and Arlacel 80 as dispersing agents. An aqueous diluent containing Tween 60 and Arlacel 80 gave greater recovery of microorganisms when compared with two common diluents as determined by aerobic plate count of inoculated anhydrous cosmetics. The greater recovery was caused by better dispersion of the anhydrous cosmetics in the diluents.


Eustachian tube function in the rhesus monkey.


Progressive necrotizing otitis. Malignant external otitis.


Gene modulation in Drosophila: dosage compensation of Pgd+ and Zw+ genes.


A ribonucleoprotein group with species- and tissue-specific biological activity. II. Tissue-specific action on the transcription and immunological properties of the RNP group.


Pharmacology of the inhibition of platelet aggregation.


Heterogeneity in combining site specificity of anti-hapten antibodies produced in response to a panosyl-azoprotein conjugate.


Selection for asymmetrical bias in a behavioural character of Drosophila melanogaster.


Genetical variation for enzyme activity in a population of Drosophila melanogaster. I. Extent of the variation for alcohol dehydrogenase activity.


Dynamics of a relationship: rhesus mother-infant ventro-ventral contact.


Bladder hyperthermia in the treatment of vesical papillomatosis.


An experimental continuous-culture unit for the production of frozen concentrated cheese starters.


Some properties of frozen concentrated starters produced by continuous culture.


In vitro generation of erythropoietic activity by the lysosome-rich fraction of rat kidneys.


Experimental pyelonephritis in primates.


Regional and subcellular distribution of choline acetyltransferase in the brain of rats.


Isolation of an acid-soluble basic protein from monkey brain.


Ceramic-coated subperiosteal implants. I. A pilot study.


Editorial: Data from hospital records.

Editorial: Data from hospital records.


Laboratory trials on oxamniquine (UK-4271), a candidate schistosomicide.


Letter: Risk with arterial flow probes.

Letter: Risk with arterial flow probes.


Editorial: New test for Gilbert syndrome.


Proceedings: Spectral sensitivity of the cones measured by means of electroretinography.


Absence of circulating interferon in patients with malaria and with American trypanosomiasis.


Astrocytic hamartoma of the optic disc in localized ocular neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease).


Serum IgG aggregates in systemic lupus erythematosus.


Effects of microbial flora on levels of colonay stimulating factor in serums of irradiated CFW mice.


The use of 14C-cyanate as a method for determining erythrocyte survival.


Response of rabbit testicular capsular contractions to testosterone, prostaglandin E1, and isoproterenol in vitro and in vivo.


Spleen and liver responses of protein-depleted rats to dietary egg protein.


Intramural diverticulosis of the oesophagus.


Studies on the enzyme inducing effect of polychlorinated biphenyls.


Application of sequential analysis to Evans blue-carrageenan-induced pleural effusion for screening compounds for anti-inflammatory activity.


Comparative effect of carbaryl on rat reproduction and guinea pig teratology when fed either in the diet or by stomach intubation.


Comparative studies on Pseudomonas aeruginosa endotoxin.


Weill-Marchesani syndrome. Growth hormone, thyroid and chromosome studies.


Mitochondrial nucleic acids.

Mitochondrial nucleic acids.


Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia with 6-MPR.


Effects of synthetic salmon calcitonin in osteogenesis imperfecta.


Epicillin in the treatment of pharyngitis and otitis media.


Topical treatment with clotrimazole in dermatomycosis.


Loperamide: an open multicentre trial and double-blind cross-over comparison with placebo in patients with chronic diarrhoea.


Diethylpropion hydrochloride: an effective appetite suppressant.


Evaluation of EEG and clinical changes associated with pavabid therapy in chronic brain syndrome.


A trial of Gerovital H-3 in depression during senility.


Prediction of neuroleptic effects of CI-686 based on quantitative pharmaco-electroencephalography: drug profiles and dose response curves based on computerized cerebral bio-potentials.


Afrodex vs. placebo in the treatment of male impotence: statistical analysis of two double-blind crossover studies.


The repair of fractured anterior teeth using an etch technic sealant, and a composite restorative material.


The structure of dental practice in Connecticut: a summary from the 1971 practice survey.


Musical wind instrumentalists: facial pain and tooth movement.


Yolk proteins in Drosophila: identification and site of synthesis.


Fibrinogen derivatives with a higher molecular weight than that of the parent molecule in cord vein plasma of newborns. I. Identification in single plasma samples.


Spontaneous perforation of intrathoracic colon following total esophagectomy.


The ultrastructure of striated muscle in malformed chick limb induced by citral.


Fetal hemopoiesis. I. Electron microscopic studies on human yolk sac hemopoiesis.


Fine structural changes of allergic aspermatogenesis in the guinea pig. I. The similarity in the initial changes induced by passive transfer of anti-testis serum and by immunization with testicular tissue.


Fine structural changes of allergic aspermatogenesis in the guinea pig. II. Induced by the homologous parotid gland as antigen.


Nephritogenic properties of nephrotoxic guinea pig antibodies. I. Glomerulonephritis induced by guinea pig IgG antibody in rats.


The corpus luteum of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) during late pregnancy. An electron microscopic study.


In vitro metabolism of palmitic acid and glucose in the developing tissue of the rhesus monkey.


Indomethacin block of normal onset of parturition in primates.


Recent developments in radiotherapy.

Recent developments in radiotherapy.


The influence of 1-nitro-9(3'-dimethylamino-propylamino)-acridine on biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and protein in synchronized cultures of Euglena Gracilis.


Transformation of Bacillus subtilis using gently lysed L-forms; a new mapping technique.


Zinc, an essential metal ion for beef liver delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase.


Quantitative studies on the drainage of the cerebrospinal fluid into the lymphatic system.


Characterization of a disulfide bridge linking the J chain to the alpha chain of polymeric immunoglobulin A.


Identity of the HL-A common portion fragment and human beta2-microglobulin.


Enhancement of the biological activities of soybean agglutinin by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde.


Purification and properties of the hemagglutinin from Sophora japonica seeds.


On the structure of ovotransferrin. I. Isolation and characterization of cyanogen bromide fragments. Reevaluation of the primary structure.


3-Phosphoglycerate kinase from rat tissues. Further characterization and developmental studies.


Mechanism of interaction of thymidylate synthetase with 5-fluorodeoxyuridylate.


Macroglobulinemia in a child with acute leukemia.


Effects of anticoagulants and storage on granulocyte function in bank blood.


Effect of phenobarbitone on bile flow and bilirubin metabolism in man and the rat.


Sherrington was right about the trapezius muscle innervation.


Antihypertensive and central nervous system depressant properties of 3-(gamma-p-fluorobenzoyl propyl) 2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1(H)-pyrazino(1,2-a) quinoline hydrochloride (compound 69-183, centpyraquin).


Studies on phytohemagglutinins XV. Hemagglutinins of the pea and the lentil: advantage of their application in comparison to concanavalin A in some agglutination reactions.


Thin layer chromatography methods for detecting hippurate hydrolase activity among various bacteria (Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Enterobacteriaceae).


Emergence of bacteria resistant to gentamicin.


The efficacy of animal studies in predicting clinical toxicity of cancer chemotherapeutic drugs.


Fate of the T1 strain of Mycoplasma mycoides in cattle following vaccination.


Susceptibility of mammalian and avian cell cultures to infection with cell-free turkey herpes virus.


The influence of pH and histidine dipeptides on the production of staphylococcal alpha-toxin.


Microbiological assay for purine analogues with Lactobacillus casei.


Formation and properties of protoplasts from antibiotic-producing strains of Penicillium chrysogenum and Cephalosporium acremonium.


Localization of a primate-specific esterase using immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques.


The co-existence of acoustic neuroma and otosclerosis.


Comparative immunological and electrophoretic studies on ribosomal proteins of bacillaceae.


Comparison of ribosomal RNA-binding protein "L2" isolated from different bacterial species.


Erythromycin resistant mutants of Bacillus subtilis.


Chloramphenicol resistant mutants of Bacillus subtilis.


Platinum coordination complexes in cancer chemotherapy.


The effects of airway occlusion after oxygen breathing on the lungs of newborn infants. Radiologic demonstration in the experimental animal.


Peripelvic new bone formation in hemophilia. Report of three cases.


A new 10 MeV linear accelerator for radiation therapy.


The use of ketamine anesthesia in radiation therapy.


Weekly total-skin electron-beam irradiation for mycosis fungoides.


Comparative beam data for the 25 MV betatron, 8, 6, and 4 MV linear accelerators, and 60Co units. Central-axis depth dose, field flatness, and decrement lines.


Tomography applied to knee arthrography.


Proton radiation therapy.

Proton radiation therapy.


Normal and neoplastic tissue effects of high intensity intracavitary irradiation: cancer of the corpus uteri.


The kinetics of extracellular protease production in an abnormal sporulation mutant of B. subtilis.


Quantitative studies on the dissociation equilibrium of HeLa cell ribosomes.


Asymptomatic gonorrhea in the male.

Asymptomatic gonorrhea in the male. In a prospective study, 133 male contacts of 102 women with gonorrhea were examined. A diagnosis of gonorrhea was made in 63 patients, indicating an infection rate of 47% after exposure. Forty-three percent of the patients with gonorrhea were asymptomatic. The duration of the asymptomatic period ranged from 3 to 154 days. The epidemiologic importance of this hidden infectious reservoir is stressed.


Mammalian-lung galactan.

Mammalian-lung galactan.


Scanning electron microscopic observation of the organ of Corti of the rhesus monkey.


The long-term maintenance treatment of schizophrenic out-patients with depot flupenthixol.


Human alpha1-antitrypsin.

Human alpha1-antitrypsin.


Comparison of 115m cadmium retention in rats following different routes of administration.


Glomerular ultrafiltration.

Glomerular ultrafiltration.


Prostaglandins, calcium metabolism and cancer.


Competition of the thyroid hormones for binding sites on rat adenohypophyseal proteins in vitro.


Pattern formation in the blue-green alga Anabaena. II. Controlled proheterocyst regression.


Cyclic membrane flow in the ingestive-digestive system of peritrich protozoans. I. Vesicular fusion at the cytopharynx.


Cyclic membrane flow in the ingestive-digestive system of peritrich protozoans. II. Cup-shaped coated vesicles.


Further observations on the fine structure of freeze-cleaved tight junctions.


Ultrastructural changes in Euglena after ultraviolet irradiation.


Do lysophospholipids really exist in Tetrahymena pyriformis?


Contact B-scan ultrasound.

Contact B-scan ultrasound.


Mediastinal ultrasonography.

Mediastinal ultrasonography.


70mm camera for ultrasound B-scanning.

70mm camera for ultrasound B-scanning.


Echocardiographic demonstration of bacterial vegetations in active infective endocarditis.


Ankle blood pressures in vascular insufficiency involving the legs.


Radiolucent intraocular foreign body localization: a case study.


Digital computer analysis of time-amplitude ultrasonograms from the human eye. I. Signal acquisition.


Digital computer analysis of time-amplitude ultrasonograms from the human eye. II. Data processing.


Left atrial mass simulating cardiomyopathy.


Echographic aortic valve oriface dimension: its use in evaluating aortic stneosis and cardiac output.


Ultrasonic diagnostic procedures in obstetrics and gynecology.


Training tank: a method for training technicians in ultrasound scanning.


Real-time cross-sectional ultrasonic imaging of the heart using a linear array multi-element transducer.


Gray scale ultrasound.

Gray scale ultrasound.


A sealed test tank for echoscope performance evaluation.


Ultrasound in the diagnosis of liver disease.


Comparison of frog albumins with those of other vertebrates.


Effect of cations on the blood platelet release reaction. 1. Stimulus-secretion phenomena in blood platelets incubated with trypsin or thrombin have been investigated.2. Secretion occurs in at least two stages: (a) induction, obtained when the platelets are incubated with proteolytic enzymes in the presence of the chelating agent EDTA, and (b) release, which occurs with the subsequent addition of Ca(2+) to the incubation medium.3. Ca(2+) was the only essential divalent cation required for release. Ba(2+) and Mg(2+) inhibited release and Sr(2+) could only partially substitute for Ca(2+).4. Blood platelets exhibited recovery from enzymic perturbation by trypsin or thrombin by a mechanism that was temperature dependent, but did not require the synthesis of new protein.5. The results are discussed in relationship to stimulus-secretion in other cells.


Sarcocystis in the northern fur seal.

Sarcocystis in the northern fur seal.


Variation with sex of irradiation-induced chromosome damage in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster.


Measurement of human placental lactogen with a simple immunodiffusion kit (Plac--Gest).


Changes of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and growth hormone during self-stimulation in monkeys.


A torque device for studies of primate limb movements.


Effects of protein-calorie deficiencies on the learning ability of the Wistar rat.


Blood metabolites in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus.


Emergency management of the patient with seizures. 1. Classification and treatment system, common seizure disorders.


Parathyroid hormone effects in rats treated with diphosphonate. The ability of disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP; 40 milligrams per kilogram of body weight per day) to reduce the hypercalcemic effect of parathyroid hormone in thyroparathyroidectomized rats was confirmed. However, treatment with this large dose of EHDP enhanced the hypophosphatemic effect of a low dose of parathyroid hormone (10 international units per100 grams of body weight), apparently by promoting the renal excretion of phosphate. The data suggest that EHDP may have a direct effect on the renal action of parathyroid hormone and, in this way, may also affect vitamin D metabolism by the kidney.


The incidence of the various biotypes of Brucella abortus in cattle in the south-west of Scotland.


Continuing education for physicians: report of a WHO Expert Committee.


Bovine farmers' lung: a clinical syndrome in a herd of cattle.


On the impulse conducting system of the monkey heart (Macaca mulatta). II. The atrio-ventricular node and bundle.


Immunoglobulins in populations of subtropical and tropical countries.


Critique of the assay and significance of bilirubin conjugation.


Skin manifestations of meningococcal infection; an immediate indicator of prognosis.


Autoimmune hemolytic anemia in a 6-week-old infant.


An unusual case of childhood chloral hydrate poisoning.


Treatment of glottic carcinoma by megavoltage radiation therapy and results.


Matrix dosemeter to study the uniformity of high energy x-ray beams.


Zoonotic potential (Rocky Mountain spotted fever aed tularemia) in the Tennessee Valley region. II. Prevalence of Rickettsia rickettsi and Francisella tularensis in mammals and ticks from Land Between the Lakes.


Studies on the sequential immunization against group B arboviruses in squirrel monkeys, cynomolgus monkeys, rhesus monkeys, and chimpanzees.


Experimental infections with African Trypanosomes. VI. Glomerulonephritis involving the alternate pathway of complement activation.


Response to treatment in man of multi-drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum from Panama.


Immunodiagnosis of human trichinosis using counterelectrophoresis and agar gel diffusion techniques.


Schistosoma japonicum infection in monkeys and baboons: parasitological and pathological findings.


Comparative efficacy of one and two treatments with tubercidin against Schistosomiasis japonica in monkeys.


Schistosomiasis mansoni in baboons. II. Acquisition of immunity to challenge infection after repeated small exposures to cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni.


Dermal sensitivity to paracoccidiodin and histoplasmin in family members of patients with paracoccidioidomycosis.


Zoonotic potential (Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia) in the Tennessee Valley region. I. Ecologic studies of ticks infesting mammals in Land Between the Lakes.


Gold salts in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A double-blind study.


Serum hyperviscosity in Sjögren's syndrome interaction between IgG and IgG rheumatoid factor.


Some factors influencing the chemical composition of mixed rumen bacteria.


The fusion of erythrocytes by fatty acids, esters, retinol and alpha-tocopherol. 1. The ability of a number of carboxylic acids, their esters, retinol and alpha-tocopherol to induce fusion of hen erythrocytes in vitro was investigated. 2. Some 30 different fat-soluble substances (100mug/ml) were found to cause the formation of multinucleated erythrocytes with a suspension of 3x10(8) erythrocytes/ml. The most effective agents induced fusion within 5-10min at 37 degrees C; some substances required about 1h. 3. Inclusion of Dextran 60C in the test medium minimized colloid osmotic lysis caused by exogenous lipids that induce cell fusion. 4. Cell swelling, followed by cell adhesion, was then seen to precede cell fusion. 5. Fusion occurred with C(10)-C(14) saturated carboxylic acids, with unsaturated, longer-chain carboxylic acids and their mono-esters; retinol, and to a lesser extent alpha-tocopherol, also caused cell fusion. 6. C(6)-C(9), C(15), C(16) and C(18) saturated carboxylic acids did not induce fusion within 4h; glyceryl dioleate was only weakly active, and glyceryl trioleate was inactive in the test system. 7. Fusion was facilitated by a high ratio of chemical agents to cell number and by incubation between pH5 and 6. It was inhibited by EDTA and by serum albumin. 8. Glyceryl mono-oleate caused both a similar fusion of several species of mammalian erythrocyte and the interspecific fusion of human and chicken erythrocytes. 9. The term ;fusogenic' is proposed to describe chemical, viral and physical agents that cause membranes to fuse. 10. The biochemical mechanisms involved and the possible biological significance of membrane fusion by fusogenic lipids are discussed.


Effects of diffuse transcerebral electrical currents on cortical unit potential activity.


Conjugation of bromosulphthalein (BSP) with reduced glutathione in the gastrointestinal tract in vertebrate species.


Abnormal proteins in Drosophila melanogaster subsequent to 5-bromodeoxyuridine administration.


Alteration of L-alanine aminotransferase, L-aspartate aminotransferase and beta-hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase activities in Drosophila melanogaster larvae by nutritional manipulation.


The effect of allatectomy on glycogen metabolism in the fat body of the female housefly, Musca domestica L.


Stimulation of pituitary prolactin and TSH release in lactating and proestrous rats.


Cytoplasmic site synthesis of chloroplast aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in Euglena gracilis.


Isolation and characterization of lipoprotein-X (LP-X) from canine.


Editorial: Fitting long-term care to the patient's needs.


Alkaline phosphatase activity associated to a calcium binding glycoprotein from calf scapula cartilage.


Diagnosis of pulmonary fungous infections.


Distribution of 125I-prolactin in mice and rats. Studies with whole-body and microautoradiography.


Hemolytic and conglutinating complement in normal and pathologic human sera.


Wine in the treatment of long-term geriatric patients in mental institutions.


Anderson-Fabry disease: a histopathological study of three cases with observations on the mechanism of production of pain. A clinical review and histopathological study of three cases of Anderson-Fabry disease is presented and pathological changes in the central and peripheral nervous systems are reported, in some sites for the first time. These are telangiectatic changes in vessels of the sympathetic ganglia in the vertebral trunk; storage of glycolipid in pigmented cells of the substantia nigra and in anterior horn cells; and degeneration of nerve fibres in the dorsal root entry zone and substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord. The histopathological findings suggest that in this disease pain is due to involvement of dorsal root ganglion cells with associated axonal degeneration of the small fibres in pathways subserving pain.


Cerebral circulatory and metabolic effects of hypotension produced by deep halothane anaesthesia. Hypotension to a mean blood pressure of 33 mmHg for periods of 70 to 187 minutes was induced by increasing the inspired halothane concentration in 11 baboons which were already anaesthetized with 0·5% halothane, nitrous oxide, and oxygen. During hypotension, cerebral blood flow, measured by Xenon clearance and by a carotid electromagnetic flowmeter, decreased by more than half, and sagittal sinus oxygen saturation was 46%. Cerebral oxygen uptake fell from 5·15 to 3·56 ml./100 g/min at this deeper level of halothane anaesthesia. Cerebral hyperaemia developed after hypotension in those animals which regained a mean blood pressure greater than 70 mmHg. Acidbase measurements on CSF from the cisterna magna revealed no metabolic acidosis during or after hypotension. In all four animals with intact autoregulation before hypotension, this was absent or impaired afterwards.


Neurofibromatosis with laryngeal involvement.


Allelic contracomplementation possible mechanism for initiating sympatric speciation.


Genetically based behaviour patterns in Drosophila melanogaster.


Immunological reactions in scrapie: the basis of a rapid titration method.


Right ovarian vein syndrome. Six-year critique.


Monoamine changes in experimental head and spinal cord trauma: failure to confirm previous observations.


Gigantic traumatic vesical pseudodiverticulum.


Why the monkey? Use of nonhuman primates in urologic research.


Editorial: Subhuman primates in biomedical research.


Cochlear pathology in monkeys exposed to impulse noise.


The relation between temporary threshold shift and permanent threshold shift in rhesus monkeys exposed to impulse noise.


Deafening effects of impulse noise on the rhesus monkey.


The relationship between permanent threshold shift and the loss of hair cells in monkeys exposed to impulse noise.


Photodecomposition of chlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans.


Trimethoprim in normal and pathological human lung tissue.


Relative antagonism in vitro of calcium in serum to the bactericidal activities of gentamicin and tobramycin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Comparison of arterial lesions and serum lipids in spider and rhesus monkeys on an egg and butter diet.


The use of oxyphenbutazone ('Tanderil') in acute pelvic inflammatory disease.


Triple tetracycline ('Deteclo') as a single dose oral treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhoea in the male.


Two trials comparing 'Hydergine' with placebo in the treatment of patients suffering from cerebrovascular insufficiency.


A clinical trial comparing 'Hydergine' with placebo in the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency in elderly patients.


Unaltered glucagon secretion after seven days of sulphonylurea administration in normal subjects.


Comparative lipid response of four primate species to dietary changes in fat and carbohydrate.


Pharmacodynamic aspects of two sulphonylurea derivatives glipizide and glibenclamide.


An open comparative study of the efficacy and tolerance of a new antidiabetic agent: glipizide.


The epidermal ball cell of toad larvae (Bufo b. bufo Linné, Bufo calamita Laurenti).


Clinical aspects of cluster headache.

Clinical aspects of cluster headache.


Rabbit IgG heavy chains: evolutionary divergence of genes coding for constant region.


Inactivation of trypsin by antibodies of high affinity.


Demonstration of rubella IgM antibody by indirect fluorescent antibody staining, sucrose density gradient centrifugation and mercaptoethanol reduction.


Effect of diluent on bacterial counts in milk and milk products.


Membranes of mammary gland. 8. Isolation and composition of nuclei and nuclear membrane from bovine mammary gland.


Maturation of the head of bacteriophage T4. I. DNA packaging events.


Intrahypothalamic injections of prostaglandins and prostaglandin antagonists and feeding in sheep.


Fatty acid distribution in lipids and 32P incorporation into phospholipids during early amphibian development.


Surface ultrastructure of the mucosa of the soft palate in the vervet monkey.


Baboon peripheral lymphocyte response to phytohaemagglutinin.


Routine autoradiography of tissue culture monolayers.


Red cell carbonic anhydrases B and C (CA B and CA C).


Immunization, isolation of immunoglobulins, estimation of antibody titre.


Comparison of antigens: the reaction of 'identity'.


Comparison of antigens: the reaction of partial identity.


Comparison of two regimens of simplified two-stage chemotherapy in previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis.


Characterization of haemolytic enterococci isolated from oral infections.


Susceptibility of haemolytic oral enterococci to eight antibiotics in vitro.


Studies on the treatment of experimental tuberculosis of the guinea pig with intermittent doses of isoniazid.


On-line analysis of optokinetic nystagmus by small general purpose digital computer.


Complex formation between macromolecules and drugs. IX. The competition between two sulfa drugs and phenobarbital, pentobarbital or phenoxymethyl penicillin for binding sites on human serum albumin.


Ribosomes in reticulocyte maturation.

Ribosomes in reticulocyte maturation.


Immunochemical and immunofluorescence studies of the glial fibrillary acidic protein in vertebrates.


The role of oligodendroglia and astroglia in Wallerian degeneration of the optic nerve.


A cingulo-amygdaloid projection in the rhesus monkey.


Radioautographic localization of inhibition of protein synthesis in specific regions of monkey brain.


Visual receptive fields of frontal eye field neurons.


Studies on the visual area MT in primates. II. Projection fibers to subcortical structures.


Interconvertible forms of bacterial RNA polymerase.


Visualization of genetic transcription.

Visualization of genetic transcription.


Firing changes in cells of the nucleus medialis dorsalis associated with delayed response behavior.


Effects of cooling prefrontal cortex on cell firing in the nucleus medialis dorsalis.


Intraoperative coronary collateral function in patients with coronary occlusive disease. Nitroglycerin responsiveness and angiographic correlations.


Reduction in severity and extent of myocardial infarction when nitroglycerin and methoxamine are administered during coronary occlusion.


Simultaneous measurement of total and nutritional coronary blood flow in dogs.


Oral treatment in diabetes.

Oral treatment in diabetes.


Diabetic coma.

Diabetic coma.


A computer system for interactive processing and evaluation of light stimulated evoked responses.


The pharmacology of lorazepam, a broad-spectrum tranquillizer.


Precipitin reactions between insulin, proinsulin, insulin chains and insulin antibody.


Absorption of hemoglobin and hemoglobin iron in alcohol-induced liver injury.


The method of intraluminal perfusion of the human small intestine. 3. Absorption studies in disease.


Epidemilogy in the undergraduate curriculum of an African medical school.


Auditory delayed matching in the bottlenose dolphin. A bottlenose dolphin, already highly proficient in two-choice auditory discriminations, was trained over a nine-day period on auditory delayed matching-to-sample and then tested on 346 unique matching problems, as a function of the delay between the sample and test sounds. Each problem used new sounds and was from five to 10 trials long, with the same sound used as the sample for all trials of a problem. At each trial, the sample was projected underwater for 2.5 sec, followed by a delay and then by a sequence of two 2.5-sec duration test sounds. One of the test sounds matched the sample and was randomly first or second in the sequence, and randomly appeared at either a left or right speaker. Responses to the locus of the matching test sound were reinforced. Over nine, varying-sized blocks of problems, the longest delay of a set of delays in a block was progressively increased from 15 sec initially to a final value of 120 sec. There was a progressive increase across the early blocks in the percentage of correct Trial 1 responses. A ceiling-level of 100% correct responses was then attained over the final six blocks, during which there were 169 successive Trial 1 responses bracketed by two Trial 1 errors (at 24- and 120-sec delays). Performance on trials beyond the first followed a similar trend. Finally, when the sample duration was decreased to 0.2 sec or less, matching performance on Trial 1 of new problems dropped to chance levels.


Phagocytosis and processing of bacteria by peritoneal macrophages.


Efficacy of ribosomal preparations from Pseudomonas aeruginosa to protect against intravenous Pseudomonas challenge in mice.


Polychlorinated biphenyls influence on hatchability.


The metabolism of 14C aflatoxins in laying hens.


Increased aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus via cobalt irradiation.


Influence of polychlorinated biphenyls in the laying hen.


Studies of the chick edema disease. 10. Toxicity of chick edema factors in the chick, chick embryo, and monkey.


Carriage of Australia antigen by cockroaches.


Effect of blood factor deposits in reused dialysers on the dialysance of middle weight molecules.


Increased aflatoxin G1 production by Aspergillus flavus via gamma irradiation.


The production of immunosuppressive antisera.


Efficacy of neomycin aerosols in the treatment of burns.


Anti-HAA immunity in renal units with a high and low incidence of serum hepatitis.


Medical treatment and intrathecal nerve block.


Propranolol given twice daily in hypertension.


The effect of different serum concentrations of antimicrobial drugs on the Lactobacillus leichmannii vitamin B12 assay.


Memory and the temporal lobe. A review for clinicians.


Structure, synthesis and external transfer of mucosal immunoglobulins.


Does behavior evolve?

Does behavior evolve?


The problem of comparison in comparative psychology.


Problems of comparative psychology.

Problems of comparative psychology.


The organization of comparative psychology.


Can psychopathology be reinduced in rhesus monkeys?


Spinal cord injury: a review of experimental implications for clinical prognosis and treatment.


Measurement of liver blood flow in the infant monkey. A comparison of methods.


Energy metabolism and intravenous nutrition of premature infants. I. The responses of oxygen consumption, respiratory quotient and substrate utilization to infusion of aminosol-glucose.


Immunoglobulins in haemolytic disease of the newborn.


Interaction between serum calcium concentration and glucose tolerance in normal and azotaemic patients.


Effect of transplantation site on the results of pancreatic islet isografts in diabetic rats.


Superficial hemosiderosis of the central nervous system.


Saguinus geoffroyi as a host for Plasmodium vivax.


Separation of Toxoplasma gondii trophozoites from mouse exudate cells. Comparison of methods.


Preliminary observations of Cebus nigrivittatus (Primates: Cebidae) on the Venezuelan Llanos.


Social preference of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).


New drugs and research: glybenclamide (Daonil).


Fontanel size and epiphyseal ossification in neonates with intrauterine growth retardation. Preliminary communication.


Digital hypoplasia and anticonvulsants during gestation: a teratogenic syndrome?


Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in feces and plasma of normal subjects and patients with colorectal carcinoma.


Hair tissue as a medium for the differential diagnosis of protein-calorie malnutrition: a commentary.


Design of a cage for breeding and group behavioural studies of Macaca fascicularis.


Vaccinia virus replication in enucleate BSC-1 cells: particle production and synthesis of viral DNA and proteins. The growth of vaccinia virus in monolayers of BSC-1 cells enucleated by centrifugation in the presence of cytochalasin B has been studied. No evidence for the production of infectious virus in these cells was obtained, and the production of virus particles was reduced to 8.3% compared with the yield from cytochalasin-treated, uncentrifuged cells. Virus DNA and early and late polypeptides were synthesized with normal timing in enucleate cells, but in reduced amounts; cleavage of structural polypeptide precursors P4a and Px also occurred in enucleate cells. Factories containing immature virus particles were demonstrated in enucleate cells by electron microscopy; these factories were reduced in number and size compared with those found in cytochalasin-treated, uncentrifuged cells.


Sedation of sheep and patas monkeys with ketamine.


Medicine and Public Affairs. The 1975 Nixon budget for health.


Patterns of amyloidosis and their association with plasma-cell dyscrasia, monoclonal immunoglobulins and Bence-Jones proteins.


Congenital posterior midline pharyngo-esophageal diverticula.


Synthesis of diphtheria tox-gene products in Escherichia coli extracts. In a protein-synthesizing system extracted from E. coli, purified DNA from corynephages betac(tox+) and beta45c was used to direct the in vitro synthesis of diphtheria toxin and of the related nontoxic protein, CRM45, as well as of other beta-phage proteins. When betac(tox+)-DNA or betac-DNA was added to a similar system extracted from the nonlysogenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain, C7(s)(-)(tox-), neither toxin nor the CRM45 protein was produced, although other beta-phage proteins were synthesized in amounts equivalent to those produced in the E. coli system from the same amount of beta-phage DNA. Preliminary experiments suggest that both toxinogenic and nontoxinogenic strains of the diphtheria bacillus contain a factor that specificially blocks expression of the tox gene. Synthesis of toxin and the CRM45 protein in the E. coli system could not be inhibited by relatively high concentrations of inorganic iron, but could be inhibited by extracts from the C7(s)(-)(tox-) strain of C. diphtheriae.


Treatment of aspergillosis with emetine hydrochloride.


Mechanism of DNA replication in Drosophila chromosomes: structure of replication forks and evidence for bidirectionality. The replicating chromosomal DNA in Drosophila melanogaster cleavage nuclei has been visualized in the electron microscope as a serial array of closely spaced replicated regions created by pairs of diverging replication forks. The fine structure of the forks is very similar to that observed for the replication forks of bidirectionally replicating bacteriophage DNAs. However, the mean length of the single-stranded gaps in Drosophila forks is less than 200 nucleotide residues, much shorter than the gaps in phage forks. This difference in gap length corresponds to the observed difference in the size of Okazaki fragments from Drosophila and phage.


Calf tendon procollagen peptidase: its purification and endopeptidase mode of action. The procollagen peptidase activity of calf tendon has been purified. The enzyme has a high degree of specificity for native procollagen and converts both pro alpha1 and alpha2, to alpha1 and alpha2, respectively. The purified enzyme is an endopeptidase which excises the amino terminal peptide extensions of the precursor chains in block; the molecular size and amino-acid composition of the excised peptides compare favorably with those predicted in previous reports. Antisera to the enzyme and to procollagen have been prepared and have been used to characterize the enzyme, the enzymatically excised peptides, and the enzyme-peptide complex in reaction mixtures.


Mapping human autosomes: evidence supporting assignment of rhesus to the short arm of chromosome No. 1. Rh-negative erythrocytes were found in the blood of an Rh-positive man suffering from myelofibrosis. Nucleated hemopoietic precursors were also circulating in his blood, and these cells had an abnormal chromosome complement from which identifiable chromosome segments had been deleted. Correlation of the serological and cytogenetic findings, combined with previous data, indicates that the Rhesus blood group locus is on the distal portion of the short arm of chromosome No. 1.


Otorhinolaryngology.

Otorhinolaryngology.


Cortisone influences developing collaterals. 1. A morphologic study.


Electron microscopic findings of human auricular appendages.


Suppression of experimental allergic thyroiditis in guinea pigs by homologeous and heterologeous thyroglobulin.


Attempt to visualise the ventricular conduction system intravitam. Radiologic in vitro visualisation of the left ventricular conduction system in cow, calf and sheep hearts.


Delayed, in vivo hepatic postmorten autolysis. II. Morphological changes in reticulo-endothelial cells.


The distortion and disorganization of the glomerulus in progressive Masugi nephritis in the rat.


Giant mitochondria. II. Induction of matrix enriched megamitochondria in mouse liver parenchymal cells by ethidium bromide.


Innovative methods of expanding ambulatory services.


Carbon nuclear magnetic resonance studies of the histidine residue in alpha-lytic protease. Implications for the catalytic mechanism of serine proteases.


Cerebral control of contralateral and ipsilateral arm, hand and finger movements in the split-brain rhesus monkey.


The neuronographic and metric study of the dendritic arbours of neurons in the motor cortex of Macaca mulatta at birth and at 24 months of age.


The propagation of focal paroxysmal activity in the Macaca mulatta at birth and at 24 months.


The role of the postcentral gyrus in the tactile crossed placing reaction in the Rhesus monkey.


Mutagenicity of derivatives of the oncogenic purine N-oxides.


Effects of an elemental diet on human fecal flora.


Longevity therapy with chronic patients in a state hospital.


Preparation of sphaeroplasts from Lactobacillus casei by growth with low concentration of benzylpenicillin.


R-factor mediated resistance to penicillins which does not involve a beta-lactamase.


The slime of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: biological characterization and possible role in experimental infection.


Diphtheria in the United States, 1959-1970.


Experimental studies of rhesus monkeys infected with epizootic and enzootic subtypes of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.


Immunochemical evidence for the transport of haemolymph protein into the cuticle of Manduca sexta.


Antigen-negative meningitis due to group A Neisseria meningitidis.


Cathepsin D of rabbit skin: an immunoenzymic study.


Elevated antihemophilic factor (AHF, factor VIII) procoagulant activity and AHF-like antigen in alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver.


Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity to a syngeneic Gross virus-induced lymphoma.


Nonspecific suppression of tumor growth by an immune reaction to Listeria monocytogenes.


Surface pH changes during and after myocardial ischemia in primates.


Triglyceride secretion rates: use of Triton WR 1339 in the rhesus monkey.


Sources of gram-negative infection after open-heart surgery.


Factors influencing the adsorption of bacteriophage 2 to cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Phage 2 adsorbed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain BI in 5 mM Tris buffer, providing that cations like Na(+), Mg(2+), or Ca(2+) were present. Adsorption was observed over a broad pH range, reaching a maximum level around pH 7.5, which coincided with the pH required for maximal activity of the phage 2-associated slime polysaccharide depolymerase. Mutants of strain BI and other strains of P. aeruginosa possessing slime layers that were devoid of phage 2 depolymerase substrate were incapable of adsorbing phage 2. On the other hand, those strains containing substrate for the phage 2 depolymerase in the slime layer were capable of adsorbing phage 2. The same relationship of phage depolymerase-substrate interaction to phage adsorption was observed with Pseudomonas phage 8, which possesses a depolymerase that differs in its specificity from the phage 2 depolymerase. The receptor-like activity of purified slime containing the specific substrate for the phage-associated depolymerase was demonstrable by its ability to inactivate phage. However, receptor-like activity or phage inactivation was not observed with those slimes that were devoid of the depolymerase substrate.


Analysis of bacteriophage phi 29 gene function: protein synthesis in suppressor-sensitive mutant infection of Bacillus subtilis. Phage phi29 suppressor-sensitive (sus) mutants of 14 cistrons have been examined for production of (14)C-labeled viral-specific proteins in restrictive infections of Bacillus subtilis. Proteins specified by four cistrons (H, J, L, and N) have been resolved and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, and fragments of the normal polypeptides were detected. Mutants of six cistrons (C, D, E, F, I, and M) demonstrated two or more missing bands in the gel profiles, and thus some of these gene products may have regulatory functions. Mutation was detected in at least five genes coding for low-molecular-weight proteins, but a conditionally lethal mutant in only one of these genes has been isolated. Preliminary evidence that a precursor protein is cleaved to generate the neck appendage structural protein and a low-molecular-weight product has been obtained.


Bacteriuria and oral contraceptives. Routine health examinations of 12,076 middle-class women.


Comparison of phototrap complexes from chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum, Rhodopseudomonas spheroides, and the R-26 mutant of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides.


Protection by histidine from inactivation of DNA transforming activity by near-ultraviolet light (365 nm) compared with far-ultraviolet light (254 nm).


Naproxen-metabolism, excretion and comparative pharmacokinetics.


Comparative toxicology of naproxen.

Comparative toxicology of naproxen.


Nonspecific agents acting on parasites: synergistic effect of nitrogen mustard and acriflavine on resistance formation.


The effect of dietary protein depletion on immunocompetence: the importance of nutritional repletion prior to immunologic induction.


Parenteral nutrition in the burned child: a study of twenty-six patients.


Bacterial endocarditis associated with colorectal carcinoma.


Behaviour of an aziridine alkylating agent in acid solution.


Aspartate transcarbamylase from Streptococcus faecalis. Purification, properties, and nature of an allosteric activator site.


Aspartate transcarbamylase from Streptococcus faecalis. Reverse reaction and binding studies.


Chemical properties of Escherichia coli lysine decarboxylase including a segment of its pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binding site.


Allosteric effectors of hemoglobin. Interaction of human adult and fetal hemoglobins with poly(carboxylic acids).


Heterogeneity of lobster agglutinins. II. Specificity of agglutinin-erythrocyte binding.


Heterogeneity of lobster agglutinins. I. Purification and physiochemical characterization.


Effects of halothane on left ventricular function and distribution of regional blood flow in dogs and primates.


Influence of membrane lipids on the regulatory properties of UDP-glucuronyltransferase.


Crystalline kidney-bean leucoagglutinin.


Electroejaculation technique in Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkeys).


The use of sensitized latex in the identification of human bloodstains.


Iodination (125I) of the apical plasma membrane of toad bladder epithelium: electron-microscopic autoradiography and physiological effects.


Varieties of hypothyroidism.

Varieties of hypothyroidism.


Effect of Na salts of organic acids on acid induced swelling and K loss in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and effect of pH on actions of mercuric, cadmium and zinc salts.


Psychological aspects of sudden unexpected death in infants and children.


Prostaglandin mediated inhibition of noradrenaline release at different nerve impulse frequencies.


Electrophysiological study of the gustatory effects of the sweet proteins monellin and thaumatin in monkey, guinea pig and rat.


Funduscopic alterations in the rhesus monkey induced by exposure to heavy ions (O+8) 250 MeV nucleon.


A comparative study of precipiting serological techniques for the detection of meningococcal polysaccharide.


Metabolic inhibition test for the measurement of antibody to Neisseria meningitidis.


Congenital gastric diverticulum as a cause of massive hemorrhage.


Increased jejunal IgA synthesis in vitro during acute infectious nonbacterial gastroenteritis.


An epidemiologic survey of arterial blood pressure in a large male population group.


Hepatitis and hepatitis B-antigen in Greenland.


On findings of virus-like structures in uterine cervical carcinoma.


Inhibition of in vivo and in vitro epoxidation of aldrin, and potentiation of toxicity of various insecticide chemicals by diquat in two species of fish.


Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as inducers of microsomal enzyme activity in the house fly.


Precipitating antibodies for an avian adenovirus in Queensland poultry flocks.


Letter: Very small public health risk from flesh of tuberculous cattle.


The central nervous system pharmacology of an anti-emetic dihydroindolone derivative.


Identification and measurement of the folates in sheep liver. 1. Methods are described for the extraction, separation by ion-exchange chromatography and estimation by microbiological assay of the folates in sheep liver. 2. Injection of [2-(14)C]-pteroylglutamate into a sheep fed on a stock diet led to extensive labelling of chromatographically separable liver folates. About 12% of the label in the liver could not be extracted by the method used. 3. Liver folates were examined in five ewes fed on restricted amounts of a diet of wheaten hay-chaff and gluten and injected weekly with vitamin B(12). Chromatographic separation was followed by microbiological assay with Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus faecalis R. and Pediococcus cerevisiae both before and after treatment of fractions with conjugase (gamma-glutamylcarboxypeptidase). Evidence was obtained that the folates present were predominantly polyglutamate forms of tetrahydropteroylglutamate, 5-methyltetrahydropteroylglutamate and 5- (and 10-) formyltetrahydropteroylglutamates. Differences in the responses of the assay organisms permitted quantitative distinction between these three main classes of folates. 4. Methyltetrahydrofolates were eluted in seven successive peaks that were separated by constant increments in the logarithm of eluant [P(i)]. A similar relationship existed for seven successive peaks of tetrahydrofolate and may also have existed for each of the two series of formyltetrahydrofolates. 5. Based on these and other observations it is proposed that sheep liver folates consist predominantly of the mono- to hepta-glutamates of each of the reduced pteroates identified. The methods employed allowed quantitative determinations to be made of most of the folates present. The predominant forms were hexaglutamates. 6. Four components active for L. casei were detected that could not be identified. Three of them were polyglutamates.


The role of multivalent cations in the uptake and oxidation of glucose by Pseudomonas fluorescens. The effects of Mg(2+), Mn(2+), Ca(2+) and Fe(3+) on the uptake and oxidation of glucose in induced and non-induced Pseudomonas fluorescens cells were studied. Mg(2+) is the most effective single metal ion in the uptake of glucose by the cell, and it functions in membrane stabilization and enzymic activity. Ca(2+) will substitute for Mg(2+), but Mn(2+) and Fe(3+) will not.


Folic acid metabolism in vitamin B12-deficient sheep. Depletion of liver folates. 1. Metabolism of folate was studied in six ewes in an advanced state of vitamin B(12) deficiency as judged by voluntary food intake and in their pair-fed controls receiving vitamin B(12). A group of four animals that were maintained throughout the experiment at pasture was also studied. 2. After 34-40 weeks on the cobalt-deficient diet urinary excretion of formiminoglutamate by four deficient animals was about 3.2mmol/day and this was not significantly decreased by injection of three of them with about 4.5mug of [2-(14)C]folate/kg body weight per day for 5 days. Three days after the last injection retention of [2-(14)C]folate by the livers of the deficient animals (5.5% of the dose) was lower than that of their pair-fed controls (26% of the dose) but there was no evidence of net retention of injected folate in the livers of either group. Urinary excretion of (14)C indicated that renal clearance of folate may have been impaired in very severe vitamin B(12) deficiency. 3. As estimated by microbiological assays total folates in the livers of animals at pasture (12.9mug/g) included about 24% of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate as compared with about 72% of a total of 12.5mug/g in three further ewes fed on a stock diet of wheaten hay-chaff and lucerne-chaff. Liver folates of vitamin B(12)-deficient animals (0.5mug/g) included about 88% of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate as compared with about 51% of a total of 5.2mug/g in pair-fed animals treated with vitamin B(12). 4. Chromatography of liver folates of the pair-fed animals permitted quantitative estimates of the pteroylglutamates present. The results showed that the vitamin B(12)-deficient livers were more severely depleted of tetrahydrofolates and formyltetrahydrofolates than of methyltetrahydrofolates and that as the deficiency developed they were more severely depleted of the higher polyglutamates than of the monoglutamate within each of these classes. Results from animals injected with [2-(14)C]folate indicated an impairment of the exchange between pteroylmonoglutamates and pteroylpolyglutamates in the livers of deficient animals. 5. In vitamin B(12)-deficient animals with food intakes below 200g/day some of the liver folates were not completely reduced and some degradation of pteroylpolyglutamates was detected. The latter condition may have been associated with fatty liver. 6. The results are discussed in relation to current theories of vitamin B(12)-folate interactions.


Effects of colchicine and 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine-methane-sulfonate (CB 154) on the release of prolactin and growth hormone by functional pituitary tumor cells in culture.


Inactivation of protein synthesis stimulating activity in serum by cells.


Factors affecting pH-dependent photo-inhibition of division in Euglena gracilis.


The toxic effects of phenoloxidase from the haemolymph of tenebrionid beetles.


The effect of eye colour pigments on the action spectrum of Drosophila.


Alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in Drosophila melanogaster: kinetic differences and developmental differentiation of the larval and adult isozymes.


Synthesis of pyrimido(4,5-b)(1,4)-7-hydrothiazines related to 7,8-dihydropteridines of biological importance.


6-Phenyl-4,5-dihydro-3(2H)-pyridazinones. A series of hypotensive agents.


Agenesis of the corpus callosum in two sisters.


Thanatophoric dwarfism.

Thanatophoric dwarfism.


Trisomy 13 in two infants with cyclops.

Trisomy 13 in two infants with cyclops.


The effect of tanning agents on the permeability of the toad bladder to water and solutes.


Studies in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of Candida sepsis in children.


Synthesis and antimicrobial properties of 17beta-amino-4-aza-5alpha-androstane and derivatives.


Innervation of abdominal paraganglia: an ultrastructural study.


Electrokinetic studies of bacteria. IV. Effect of acridines on Streptococcus faecalis.


Structure relationship for binding of sulfonamides and penicillins to bovine serum albumin by fluorescence probe technique.


Pharmacokinetics of pentazocine in the rhesus monkey.


Drug absorption in rats pretreated with antibiotics.


Differences in inducibility of cutaneous and hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes and cytochrome P-450 by polychlorinated biphenyls and 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT).


Alterations by neomycin of 45Ca movements and contractile responses in vascular smooth muscle.


Intragenic somatic recombination in the lozenge cistron of Drosophila.


Biochemical genetics of bacterial sporulation. IV. Sequential development of resistances to chemical and physical agents during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis.


The use of hyperalimentation in patients with potential sepsis.


Xenogeneic renal preservation for transplantation in primates. II. Rejection of stored allografts.


Separation of the immunosuppressive and glomerular basement membrane-reactive antibodies in horse antiserum to human thymus.


Rabbit antisera to HL-A9 isolated from normal serum.


The effect of sympathetic denervation on cerebral CO2 sensitivity.


Stroke surveillance: the concept of stroke team in diagnosis, treatment and prevention.


Behavioural changes in primates and diazepam metabolism.


The microbiology of burukutu beer.

The microbiology of burukutu beer.


Neurofibromatosis of the pelvis and bladder. Case report and review of the literature.


Interspecies variations in small intestinal and hepatic drug hydroxylation and glucuronidation.


Thyroid function and dysfunction during pregnancy.


A comparison of in vivo and in vitro microleakage of dental restorations.


Spontaneous perforation of a jejunal diverticulum.


A 'new' saliva substance, probably inherited, and serologically independent of ABH, Lewis, and Sda blood group substances.


Genetic association in myocardial infarction. Ethnicity; ABO, Rh, Le, Xg blood groups; G6PD deficiency; and abnormal haemoglobins.


Health in the midst of economic development in Taiwan.


A positive approach to being negative.

A positive approach to being negative.


A controlled comparison of two fully supervised once-weekly regimens in the treatment of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis.


The differential tuberculin test in tuberculosis patients.


Effect of iron deprivation and temperature upon bacterial survival.


Tuberculosis in a patient after renal transplantation.


Particulate nature of o-diphenoloxidase in Mycobacterium leprae and assay of the enzyme by the radioisotope technique.


The fine structure of intracerebral vessels.


Studies on the interaction between staphylococcal protein a and the fc-region of immunoglobulin G.


Immunoglobulins in eluates of malignant human tumours.


Ocular coccidioidomycosis. A clinicopathologic case report.


Alpha1-fetoprotein and liver-specific antigen in viral hepatitis type B.


Sex differences, environmental complexity, and mother-infant relations.


Differential effects of amygdalectomy in male and female nonhuman primates.


Contrasting adult male roles in different species of nonhuman primates.


Male-female residence arrangements and political power in human hunter-gatherers.


Male-female, female-female, and male-male sexual behavior in the stumptail monkey, with special attention to the female orgasm.


The effect of blood on disinfection of surgeons' hands.


Quantitation of C3PA (properdin factor B) and other complement components in diseases associated with a low C3 level.


Heavy chain subclass of human anti-platelet antibodies.


Breakdown of noncollagenous chondromucoprotein matrix by leukocyte lysosome granule lysates from guinea pig, rabbit, and human.


Increased bactericidal activity by non-specific stimulation of lymphoid cells--experiments in vivo with concanavalin A.


The early immune response to Mycobacterium lepraemurium in inbred mice and rats.


Incidence of nuclear antibodies in patients and in related and unrelated groups from a community with a "microepidemic" of systemic lupus erythematosus.


Insulinotrophic drugs. Effect on intestinal abosorption of sugar.


Insulin degradation. VI. Feedback control by insulin of liver glutathione-insulin transhydrogenase in rat.


Serum enzyme changes in diabetic ketoacidosis.


Two forms of the DNA ligase of human cells.


Neuroendocrine relationships in farm animals: a review.


[The growth of avian coccidia in the developing chick embryo and in cultured cells (author's transl)].


Control of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in a Bacillus subtilis mutant temperature sensitive for initiation of chromosome replication. We used a Bacillus subtilis mutant described previously, which is temperature sensitive for initiation of replication. The inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis occurring at 45 C was shown to be reversed when the temperature is lowered even in the absence of protein synthesis. If the bacteria are returned to 30 C, after a prior period at 45 C, they are able to initiate the first round of replication in the presence of chloramphenicol, but the initiation of the second round still requires protein synthesis. This paper shows that the proteins necessary to initiate the second round of replication can be present in bacteria long before this round is initiated. In addition, the appearance of these proteins seems to be influenced by the length of the previous 45 C period. Although similar reinitiation kinetics are observed at 30 C after prior 45 C periods of 30 or 65 min, the ability to initiate the second round without further protein synthesis appears much earlier after a longer exposure at 45 C. To explain these results, a hypothesis is presented which assumes that two different proteins are both necessary for initiation. Only one of these proteins could be accumulated at 45 C during the inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. A peculiarity of initiation material in mutant Ts 37 is that it may be active at 45 C if it has been exposed previously at 30 C.


C4-dicarboxylate transport in Bacillus subtilis studied with 3-fluoro-L-erythro-malate as a substrate. Bacillus subtilis cells grown in yeast extract medium accumulated 3-fluoro-l-erythro-[1,2-(14)C(2)]malate more than 30-fold from the surrounding medium. No metabolic products derived from 3-fluoro-l-erythro-malate could be detected in these cells. l-Malate competitively inhibited transport of 3-fluoro-l-erythro-malate. This malate analogue was itself a competitive inhibitor of l-malate uptake. Cells that had been grown in yeast extract supplemented with 5 mM l-malate showed a 10-fold increased affinity towards 3-fluoro-l-erythro-malate relative to cells grown in yeast extract medium with no added malate. Our results suggest that two transport systems for l-malate can be induced in B. subtilis. The first of these systems seems to effect uptake of C(4)-dicarboxylates (l-malate, succinate, and fumarate) in yeast extract medium. The second transport system (or possibly a modification of the first transport system) seems to be induced by addition of l-malate to this medium and is also functioning in malate minimal medium.


Conjugal transfer of plasmid-borne multiple antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes. A strain of Streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes, designated JH1, had high-level resistance to the antibiotics streptomycin, kanamycin, neomycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. These resistances were lost en bloc from approximately 0.1% of cells grown in nutrient broth at 45 C. The frequency of resistance loss was not increased by growth in the presence of the "curing" agents acriflavine or acridine orange, but after prolonged storage in nutrient agar 17% of cells became antibiotic sensitive. Covalently closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules were isolated from the parental strain and from antibiotic-sensitive segregants by using cesium chloride-ethidium bromide gradients. DNA molecular species were identified by using neutral sucrose gradients. Strain JH1 contained two covalently closed circular DNA species of molecular weights 50 x 10(6) and 38 x 10(6). An antibiotic-sensitive segregant, strain JH1-9, had lost the larger molecular species. A second sensitive segregant, strain JH1-5, had also lost the larger molecular species but a new molecular species of approximate molecular weight 6 x 10(6) was present. The antibiotic resistances that were curable from the parental strain were transferred to antibiotic-sensitive strains of S. faecalis and to strain JH1-9, during mixed incubation in nutrient broth at 37 C. Data to be described are interpreted to suggest that the transfer is by a conjugal mechanism. Analysis of the plasmid species in recipient clones showed that all had received the plasmid of molecular weight 50 x 10(6). Strain JH1-5 was not a good recipient. Analysis of one successful recipient clone of JH1-5 revealed that it had gained the 50 x 10(6) molecular weight plasmid but lost the 6 x 10(6) molecular weight species. These data are interpreted to mean that the multiple antibiotic resistance is borne by a transferable plasmid of 50 x 10(6) molecular weight, and that in clone JH1-5 this plasmid suffered a large deletion leaving only a 6 x 10(6) remnant which was incompatible with the complete replicon.


L-amino acid dehydrogenases in Bacillus subtilis spores. The presence of two kinds of l-amino acid dehydrogenase in resting spores of Bacillus subtilis was indicated. One of them was l-alanine dehydrogenase, which used only l-alanine as a substrate, and the other was nonspecific dehydrogenase, which used l-valine, l-isoleucine, l-leucine, and l-alanine (slightly) as substrates. Several properties of these dehydrogenases were compared.


Screening for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency.


Buoyant density heterogeneity in spores of Bacillus subtilis: biochemical and physiological basis. The biochemical and physiological basis of density heterogeneity in Renografin of Bacillus subtilis W23 spores was determined by analysis of metals, macromolecules, and dipicolinic acid in the two density classes of the population. Germination rate and heat resistance were measured in both density classes. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry revealed that heavy spores (density = 1.335 g/ml) have 30% more calcium than light spores (density = 1.290 g/ml). Other metals found in greater amounts in heavy spores were manganese and potassium. However, light spores had more sodium than heavy spores. The amounts of carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and proteins were the same in both types of spores, but light spores contained more lipids, whereas heavy spores had 30% more dipicolinic acid than light spores. Calcium and lipid were excluded as causes of the heterogeneity in density in that alteration of their contents in spores did not detectably affect the density of these spores. Spores of two densities were genetically similar. Furthermore, light density spores arose earlier during sporulation than heavy spores as determined by releasing refractile forespores at various times during sporulation. We concluded that light spores represent an incomplete stage in development because they became heavy when reinoculated into spent sporulation medium. This must involve the additional accretion or synthesis of dipicolinic acid.


Precursor of 5S ribosomal ribonucleic acid in the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans. The maturation of 5S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) in the obligately photoautotrophic unicellular blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans has been studied by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and T1 ribonuclease oligonucleotide analysis. A. nidulans mature 5S rRNA (m5) is of approximately the same molecular weight as the 5S rRNA of Escherichia coli, and is derived by cleavage of a precursor (p5) containing a few (three to six) additional nucleotides. Some of these additional nucleotides occur at the 5' end of the precursor molecule; others may occur at the 3' end. Kinetic experiments indicate that precursors of mature 5S rRNA larger than p5 either do not exist or are very transient in A. nidulans. These results are discussed in relation to those obtained with other prokaryotes.


Effect of viscosity on bacterial motility. The behavior of a number of motile flagellated bacteria toward viscosity characteristics of their fluid environments was observed. All showed an increase in velocity (micrometers per second) in more viscous solutions. Velocity reached a maximum at a characteristic value, however, and thereafter decreased with higher viscosities. Peritrichously flagellated bacteria had maximum velocities at higher viscosities than polarly flagellated bacteria. Effects of temperature, and possible utilization of chemical constituents in the viscous solutions, were studied and found to be negligible factors under the experimental conditions used. Different agents produced the same phenomenon, thus indicating that there probably were no chemically induced metabolic effects. Loss of available water and the possibility of a variable energy supply to the flagellar propulsive system were considered but are believed minimal. Theoretically derived thermodynamic equations were utilized and suggest that the conformation of the flagellar helix affects efficiency of propulsion. Such a relationship between helix waveform and velocity was experimentally observed with Thiospirillum jenese.


Beta-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase from Streptococcus cremoris HP: purification and enzyme properties. beta-d-phosphogalactoside galactohydrolase (beta-PGal) was isolated and purified from cell-free extracts of Streptococcus cremoris HP to apparent homogeneity to gel electrophoresis. Using the chromogenic o-nitrophenol-beta-d-galactopyranoside-6-phosphate as substrate, the purified enzyme exhibited a specific activity of 18.71 U/mg of protein and K(m) and V(max) values of 5.88 x 10(-4) M and 23.8 mumol of o-nitrophenol liberated per min per mg of protein, respectively. d-Galactose-6-phosphate was a weak competitive inhibitor of beta-PGal. Activity was relatively heat resistant and was maximal from pH 5.0 to 8.0 and over a temperature range of 45 to 52 C. Dithiothreitol, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and citrate stimulated beta-PGal activity, whereas Mg(2+), Li(1+), and p-hydroxymercuribenzoate were inhibitory. Molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated at 6.76 x 10(4). Amino acid composition was similar to other beta-phosphogalactosidases previously investigated, with the exception that the S. cremoris enzyme contains a small amount of half cystine.


Transcription from the complementary deoxyribonucleic acid strands of Bacillus subtilis during various stages of sporulation. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) pattern of log-phase and sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis has been analyzed by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-RNA hybrid studies with the complementary-strand fragments of DNA. Approximately 80% of the mRNA of log-phase and sporulating cells from stages I, III, and IV hybridizes with the heavy DNA fragments, and 20% hybridizes with the light DNA fragments. Hybrid competition studies indicated that there was either a greatly reduced rate of transcription or a turn-off of some log-phase genes during the sporulation stages. However, a significant amount of log-phase gene transcription occurred even at late stages of sporulation. Similar studies indicate a significantly increased rate of transcription or a turn-on of sporulation phase genes during the latter stages of sproulation. There is a sequential increase in the amount of sporulation-specific transcription from both complementary-strand fragments of DNA. These results indicate that the RNA polymerase population in sporulating cells can transcribe both log-phase and sporulation-phase genes.


Inhibition of the Bacillus subtilis membrane-bound D-alanine carboxypeptidase by 6-aminopenicillanic acid covalently coupled to sepharose. An insoluble penicillin derivative, 6-aminopenicillanic acid covalently coupled to Sepharose, was used to investigate the location of the d-alanine carboxypeptidase in the Bacillus subtilis membrane. Only 50% of the enzymatic activity in protoplasts and 74% of that in purified membranes was sensitive, although the purified enzyme could be inhibited completely by the resin. These results suggest that a minimum of 50% of the d-alanine carboxypeptidase exists on the outer face of the bacterial membrane.


Degradative effect of phenol on endotoxin and lipopolysaccharide preparations from Serratia marcescens. It has been established that the well-known deproteinizing action of hot 45% aqueous phenol on whole cells or isolated and purified endotoxin of Serratia marcescens 08 is caused by the cleavage of a phenol-sensitive linkage within the lipid moiety. As a result of this degradation, both the lipopolysaccharide and simple protein fragments retained a part of the lipid moiety. Although not proceeding at the same fast rate as the cleavage of the lipid moiety, such phenol treatment also caused a partial hydrolysis of the O-specific side chain and ester-bound fatty acids. Hydrolysis of the O-specific side chain accounted for 5% of the lipopolysaccharide and that of ester-bound fatty acids accounted for 11% of the total fatty acid content after 60 min of treatment. It is suggested that the presence of these degradation products is one of the main causes of the heterogeneity of endotoxin and lipopolysaccharide preparations.


Phycobilisomes in blue-green algae.

Phycobilisomes in blue-green algae. Fifteen species of freshwater blue-green algae, including unicellular, filamentous, and colonial forms, were subjected to a variety of fixatives, fixation conditions, and stains for comparison of the preservation of phycobilisomes. Absorption spectra of the corresponding in vivo and released photosynthetic pigments, in 10 of the species that were maintained in culture, demonstrated the presence of phycocyanin in all 10 species and phycoerythrin in only 2 of them. Spectroscope and electron microscope evidence was obtained for localization of phycobiliproteins in phycobilisomes of Nostoc muscorum. Phycobilisomes were observed in all species examined in situ, strenghening the hypothesis that phycobilisomes are common to all phycobiliprotein-containing photosynthetic blue-green algae.


Mutant of Bacillus subtilis lacking exo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity. A procedure for the isolation of exo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase mutants, by using a plate assay method incorporating a fluorescent substrate, has been developed. A mutant lacking exo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity has been isolated and shown to grow, divide, autolyze, and sporulate as well as the parental strain.


Mutant of Azotobacter vinelandii that hyperproduces nitrogenase component II. A mutant strain of Azotobacter vinelandii that is unable to fix N(2) produces high levels of nitrogenase component II. Activities of revertants from this mutant strain indicate that a single genetic lesion is responsible for both hyperproduction of component II and the inability to produce component I.


Penicillin binding components in Bacillus subtilis during sporulation. The penicillin binding components of sporulating Bacillus subtilis 3610 were compared with those of the vegetative organism. No qualitative difference in binding components was observed. The total binding, however, varied with the phase of sporulation.


D-alanine carboxypeptidase and cell wall cross-linking in Bacillus subtilis. Inhibition of d-alanine carboxypeptidase in Bacillus subtilis by 95% caused no measurable change in the degree of cross-linking of the peptidoglycan.


Maturation of spatial delayed responses to auditory cues in kittens.


Studies of cell-mediated immunity and allergy in protein energy malnutrition. I. Cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity.


Studies of cell-mediated immunity and allergy in protein energy malnutrition. II. Immediate hypersensitivity.


Effect of some factors on the biological activity of measles virus.


Polychlorinated biphenyls in solid waste and solid-waste-related materials.


Effect of two isomeric tetrachlorobiphenyls on rats and their hepatic enzymes.


Letter: Iron absorption from skim milk enriched with iron glycerophosphate.


The immune response of malnourished subjects with special reference to measles.


Pigment production by Pseudomonas reptilivora. I. Effect of iron concentration in culture media.


Osseous changes in congenital toxoplasmosis.


Hepatitis B antigen in a leprosy hospital. A survey of hospital patients with lepromatous and with tuberculoid leprosy showed 5% of the former and 6.3% of the latter to be carriers of hepatitis B antigen. These findings contradict the hypothesis of a genetically determined predisposition; opportunity for infection appears rather to be the determining factor. It was also found that (1) the number of carriers was higher among patients staying longer in hospital; (2) titres of antigen in patients with lepromatous leprosy were higher than in those with tuberculoid leprosy or in controls; and (3) antigen titres measured twice at an interval of 4 months indicated that the carrying of hepatitis B antigen in patients with leprosy is stable and persistent.