Inhibition of enzymes by metal ion-chelating reagents. The action of copper-chelating reagents on diamine oxidase. 1. The inhibition of diamine oxidase has been studied by using the following copper-chelating reagents: 1,10-phenanthroline; 2,2'-bipyridyl; 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine); diethyldithiocarbamate and dithio-oxamide (rubeanic acid). 2. Addition of chelating reagent caused a rapid inhibition of enzyme to a degree dependent solely on the final inhibitor concentration. Addition of substrate gave linear initial rates of reaction showing that under these conditions the inhibition was not being rapidly reversed. 3. The inhibition has been investigated by using new graphical methods and has been found in all cases to involve the chelating agents completely removing two Cu(2+) ions from the enzyme. An alternative possibility, involving ligand substitution, was eliminated. 4. A value of K=8.0x10(-33)m(-2) has been found for the enzyme in equilibrium with 2 Cu(2+) ions (i.e. beta(2), the stability constant for diamine oxidase/two Cu(2+), is 32.1).


The molecular weight of J chains derived from human immunoglobulin M. J chain was isolated from sulphonated human immunoglobulin M molecules by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. When determined by electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gels, the molecular weight of the protein was about 27000. After suspension in 5m-guanidine hydrochloride solution for 21 days, two groups of three bands appeared on the gels. Most of the protein dissociated to components of molecular weight 15000. The molecular weight of purified J chain was also determined by ultracentrifugation. In borate-saline solution the average weight-average molecular weight was about 29000. The molecular weight slowly decreased upon prolonged exposure to guanidine hydrochloride, and after 14 days the minimum molecular weight was about 15000. Some association between chains still existed. These data suggest that J chain derived from the paraprotein exists in borate-saline solution as dimers held by strong non-covalent forces.


The incorporation of J chain into reassembled human immunoglobulin M. Human IgM (immunoglobulin M) was reduced with 24mm-mercaptoethylamine. This atreatment resulted in complete dissociation to IgMs subunits and free J chain. Intr-subunit interchain disulphide bonds remained intact. The mixture then was encouraged to reoxidize. The schlieren pattern of the reoxidized mixture showed the presence of a considerable quantity of IgM in addition to residual IgMs. The isolated reassembled IgM did not dissociate in 5m-guanidinium hydrochloride. It apparently contained the same amount of covalently attached J chain as did native IgM. The J chain was a part of the high-molecular-weight Fc fragment obtained from the reassembled IgM.


A new case of mu heavy chain disease: clinical and immunochemical studies.


Granulocyte transfusions in leukopenic dogs: in vivo and in vitro function of granulocytes obtained by continuous-flow filtration leukopheresis.


Placental transfer of 14C labelled succinylcholine in near-term Macaca mulatta monkeys.


Vestibular nucleus units in alert monkeys are also influenced by moving visual fields.


Immunohistochemical localization and immunoelectrophoresis of cholinergic synaptic vesicle protein constituents from the Torpedo.


Neocortical and limbic lesion effects on primate phonation.


Serum gold levels during chrysotherapy with relation to urinary and fecal excretion.


Digital rectal examination.

Digital rectal examination.


Evaluation of albutoin as an antiepileptic drug.


Trypanosoma cruzi: protection of mice with epimastigote antigens from immunologically different parasite strains.


Influence of methods of preparation on the infectivity, agglutination, activity, and ultrastructure of bloodstream trypanosomes.


Schistosoma mansoni: IgG and IgE skin-sensitizing antibodies in infected baboons.


Echinococcus granulosus: penetration of macromolecules and their localization on the parasite membranes of cysts.


Plasmodium cynomolgi: influence of x-irradiation and sporozoite dilution on relapse patterns in infected rhesus monkeys.


Effects of orally administered insecticides and polychlorinated biphenyls on the parasite fauna of two species of piscivorous birds.


Lung cancer.

Lung cancer.


Trypanosoma cruzi: possible stimulatory factor(s) on brown adipose tissue of mice.


Heligmosomoides polygrus (equals nematospiroides dubius): humoral and intestinal immunologic responses to infection in mice.


Malignant melanoma: to biopsy or not to biopsy.


Schistosoma mansoni: effect of some cations on the proteolytic enzymes of cercariae.


Diagnostic radiology for cancer.

Diagnostic radiology for cancer.


Complement fixation tests with cell culture fluid as antigen in comparison with cell culture neutralization tests in the identification of freshly isolated dengue virus: a pilot study.


Classics in oncology. Sir Percivall Pott (1714-1788).


A study of urethritis in males with particular reference to mycoplasma and TRIC-agent.


Solubilization of brain membrane proteins, polypeptide composition of fractions with different solubility characteristics.


Perinatal mortality and birthweight in Makassar, Indonesia.


Early biochemical events occurring after infection of Bacillus cereus 569-SP1 with bacteriophage GSW. After infection of Bacillus cereus 569-SP1 with the 5-hydroxymethyluracil-containing phage GSW, new dTTPase, dUTPase, and dUMP-hydroxymethylase activities appear. No significant changes in activities of other pyrimidine ribonucleoside or 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate nucleotidohydrolases were detected. dUTP and dUMP inhibit the dTTPase activity, whereas dTTP failed to inhibit dUTPase activity. The K(m) value for the substrate dUTP is 10(-4) M and for dTTP is 4.85 x 10(-4) M. Thymidylate synthetase activity is inhibited only when cells are infected during the late lag or very early log phases of growth; when cells are infected with phage during mid-log, thymidylate synthetase activity is unaffected. The data support the suggestion that, although phage GSW may inhibit an otherwise expected increase in activity of thymidylate synthetase, it fails to affect the already existing activity. The data presented do not allow discrimination as to whether the phage specifies inhibition of de novo synthesis of thymidylate synthetase or the increase in activity of already existing but not fully expressed enzyme.


Abortive infection of lysogenic Bacillus subtilis 168(SPO2) by bacteriophage phi 1. Virulent bacteriophage phi1 was not able to productively infect strains of Bacillus subtilis which were lysogenic for the temperate bacteriophage SPO2, although it adsorbed to, penetrated, and killed these bacteria. Studies of phage and host nucleic acid production in the nonpermissive host demonstrated that normal phi1 transcription was initiated early in the latent period, but this was followed by a general failure of host and phage nucleic acid synthesis about 10 to 15 min after infection. Mixed infections of phi1 and SPO2c(1), a clear-plaque mutant of SPO2, indicated that a similar inhibition of phi1 development occurred when this phage infected nonlysogenic B. subtilis cells committed to the SPO2c(1) lytic cycle. It is proposed that the SPO2- and SPO2c(1)-mediated interference did not act directly on the phi1 genome, but rather these phages altered the host physiology in such a manner that some normal step in phi1 development triggered a collapse of vital metabolic activities.


Bacteriophage interference in Bacillus subtilis 168. Strains of Bacillus subtilis lysogenic for temperate bacteriophage SPO2 inhibit the development of bacteriophage phi1. After infection by bacteriophage phi1, DNA and RNA synthesis in the lysogenic host terminates, culminating in cell death. Bacteriophage SPO2 also prevents the production of bacteriophage phi105. Mechanisms for these two types of bacteriophage interference are discussed.


Letter: Current management of gonorrhea.


Why residency programs in the military: the impact of history and influencing forces.


Acute mesenteric lymphadenitis due to Salmonella enteritidis mimicking appendicitis: case report.


Case for diagnosis.

Case for diagnosis.


A review of 168 maxillo-facial fractures treated at Naval Hospital, Long Beach.


The outcome of 89 American and 224 Vietnamese sustaining brain wounds in Vietnam.


Immunological basis for the development of vaccines.


Ventricular septal defects caused by stab wounds: report of two cases.


Hyperemia and strokes: an evaluation of radioisotope findings.


Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax.


Blood preservation solutions. XI. Raising the pH to improve hemoglobin function.


Significant research and future needs for improving patient care.


Complications of arterial puncture.

Complications of arterial puncture.


Distribution and prevalence of Bancroftian filariasis in US Army Special Forces Camps in the Republic of Vietnam.


Sickle crisis precipitated by exercise rhabdomyolysis in a patient with sickle cell trait: case report.


Military medicine and everybody's medicine.


Editorial: Medicine at the crossroads.

Editorial: Medicine at the crossroads.


Introduction: Immunotherapy of cancer in man, a reality.


Transfer of steroidal hormones from blood to the cerebrospinal fluid in the Rhesus monkey.


The effect of monoamine precursors on the release of growth hormone in the Rhesus monkey.


Contact between the mastitis laboratory and herd.


Proctological admissions under a general surgeon.


Radiological diagnosis.

Radiological diagnosis.


Management of bowel complications of radiotherapy.


Effects of long-term anticonvulsant therapy on calcium and vitamin D metabolism.


A study of the microbiological environment of the respiratory intensive care unit, the Royal Victoria Hospital.


The adsorption of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pilus-dependent bacteriophages to a host mutant with nonretractile pili.


A spheroplast assay for recombination in bacteriophage lambda DNA.


Trauma rounds: The role of hyperalimentation in patients with multiple injuries.


Purification and properties of Herpesvirus saimiri DNA.


Stage 3 Hodgkin's disease: six years experience.


Whole cell heat-killed gram-negative bacilli vaccine.


C. G. Kratzenstein professor physices experimentalis Petropol. et Havn. and his Studies on Electricity during the eighteenth century.


Carcinoma linguae. A series of 96 patients.


The distribution of 198Au injected intravenously as a colloid and in solution.


Spectral distributions from 60Co therapy units.


Measurements of primary spectra from a kilocurie 60Co unit and a 6 MeV linear accelerator.


Cervical pharyngostomy. A safe alternative for gastrointestinal decompression.


Eschar: a major factor in postburn pneumonia.


High velocity missile injury. An experimental study of the retentive forces of tissue.


Surgical intervention in acute necrotizing pancreatitis.


Use of chemically defined diets in the management of patients with acute inflammatory bowel disease.


Review of the toxicity of long-term phosgene exposure.


Preparation of hair for lead analysis.

Preparation of hair for lead analysis.


Recurrent experimental allergic polyganglioradiculoneuritis. Multiple demyelinating episodes in rhesus monkey sensitized with rabbit sciatic nerve myelin.


Early traumatic epilepsy. Incidence and significance after nonmissile injuries.


Penetrating keratoplasty with use of through-and-through nylon sutures.


Xenon photocoagulation and the retinal vasculature.


Treatment of nonspecific diarrhea in infants. A treatment schedule based on the thesis that failure to allow for mucosal regeneration contributes to the morbidity and mortality from nonspecific diarrhea in infancy is presented.  This treatment approach has been found successful.  In diarrhea, because a vicious cycle of intestinal hypermotility can be started regardless of the initial cause, the preferred course is to put the bowel at rest initially and allow the intestinal mucosa an opportunity to heal.  With a dehydrated infant, parenteral fluids calculated to repair deficits in 24-48 hours are administered.  Nothing is given by mouth during this initial period.  It is believed that persisting with oral feedings often delays healing and prolongs the illness.  Once the deficits have been corrected and the stool volume has decreased, the patient is offered small amounts of a glucose-electrolyte solution by mouth.  The volume is gradually increased until the infant's maintenance requirement for water is met.  Before starting milk feedings the glucose-electrolyte solution is continued for at least 24 hours.  The formula initially administered is a 25% solution in a volume which fulfills fluid requirements.  At 24-hour intervals, the concentration of the formula is increased.  The patient is observed closely during the advancement.  There is immediate return to the glucose-electrolyte solution if there should be an increase in stool number, volume or water content.  A recurrence of diarrhea is often presaged by a fall in stool pH (below 6).  A stool pH below 6 strongly suggests impaired carbohydrate absorption.


Effects of alpha-ecdysone, beta-ecdysone and inokosterone on the in vitro evagination of Drosophila leg discs and the subsequent differentiation of imaginal integumentary structures.


Environmental regulation of enzymes in the microbodies and mitochondria of dark-grown, greening, and light-grown Euglena graclis.


Developmental changes of adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, and uricase in mouse tissues.


Platelet and fibrinogen reactions in Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin shock.


Brachial arteriovenous shunts for hemodialysis and extracorporeal procedures.


Influence of age and sex on serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels.


A predictor for total body potassium in man based on height, weight, sex and age: applications in metabolic disorders.


Gold kinetics following aurothiomalate therapy: use of a whole-body radiation counter.


Transfusion of neutrophils as prevention or treatment of infection in patients with neutropenia.


Calcitonin as a tumor marker. Use of the radioimmunoassay for calcitonin in the postoperative evaluation of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma.


Effect of ascorbic acid on lipoprotein lipase activity.


Cortical control of cell division.

Cortical control of cell division.


Effect of FSH on the in vitro uptake of 3H-testosterone by the cultured seminiferous tubule.


Maturation of fetal body systems. Report of a WHO scientific group.


Mycoplasma aetiology of keratoconjunctivitis ("pink-eye") in domestic ruminants.


The role of the conceptus in plasma protein metabolism in the rat.


The effect of corticosteroid on absorption and endogenous production of immunoglobulins in calves.


Proceedings: The influence of glucagon on regional blood flow in the rhesus monkey.


Proceedings: A technique for studying drug absorption from the lung in man.


Proceedings: Anti-nociceptive effects in N-substituted cyclohexylmethylbenzamides.


Seizures induced by allylglycine, 3-mercaptopropionic acid and 4-deoxypyridoxine in mice and photosensitive baboons, and different modes of inhibition of cerebral glutamic acid decarboxylase. 1. DL-C-Allyglycine, 4-deoxypyridoxine hydrochloride and 3-mercaptopropionic acid have been studied with reference to their convulsant effects in mice and in baboons (Papio papio) with photosensitive epilepsy, and their action on the cerebral enzyme synthesizing gamma-aminobutyric acid (L-glutamate-1-carboxy-lyase).2. In mice, the ED(50) values for seizures following intraperitoneal injection were allylglycine 1.0 mmol/kg body weight, 4-deoxypyridoxine 1.1 mmol/kg and 3-mercaptopropionic acid 0.27 mmol/kg. Latency to seizure onset was longest after allylglycine (44-240 min), intermediate after 4-deoxypyridoxine (9-114 min) and shortest after 3-mercaptopropionic acid (2.5-8 min).3. In Papio papio intravenous administration of subconvulsant doses of allylglycine (0.87-3.1 mmol/kg), or of 4-deoxypyridoxine (0.21-0.53 mmol/kg) enhanced the occurrence and persistence of myoclonic responses to intermittent photic stimulation, and augmented the associated electroencephalographic abnormalities, without modifying their character or distribution. Higher doses produced brief seizures recurring at regular intervals, between 2-14 h after allylglycine (4.0-4.3 mmol/kg) or 1-4 h after 4-deoxypyridoxine (0.53-0.87 mmol/kg). Electroencephalographically these seizures originated unilaterally in the occipital or posterior parietal cortex.4. In Papio papio photically-induced epileptic responses were enhanced 5-10 min after the intravenous injection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (0.09-0.28 mmol/kg). A sequence of brief generalized seizures followed by complete recovery occurred 4-17 min after the injection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (0.28-0.38 mmol/kg). Fatal status epilepticus followed the injection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (0.57-0.75 mmol/kg). E.E.G. records showed generalized cortical involvement at the onset of the seizures.5. L-Glutamate 1-carboxy-lyase (GAD) activity was determined in whole brain homogenates from mice killed at various intervals after receiving i.p. a convulsant dose of one of the compounds. Inhibition of GAD activity was evident 30-60 min before seizure onset following allylglycine or 4-deoxypyridoxine administration, and was maximal (40-60%) just before or during seizure activity. Addition of pyridoxal phosphate to the brain homogenate relieved inhibition produced by 4-deoxypyridoxine but not that produced by allylglycine. Inhibition of GAD activity in brain homogenates from animals killed 2 or 4 min after injection of a convulsant dose of 3-mercaptopropionic acid varied from 0-49% depending on the dose of 3-mercaptopropionic acid and the concentration of substrate in the assay system.6. Kinetic analysis of the inhibition of GAD activity following direct addition of the compounds to mouse brain homogenates indicated that 3-mercaptopropionic acid (0.01-0.5 mM) was competitive with respect to the substrate. A comparable percentage inhibition of GAD activity was obtained only with much higher concentrations of 4-deoxypyridoxne, i.e. 10-50 mM. Allylglycine in vitro was a very weak inhibitor of GAD activity.7. Three biochemically different mechanisms underlie the inhibition of cerebral GAD activity that precedes seizures induced by ailylglycine, 4-deoxypyridoxine and 3-mercaptopropionic acid. The data are consistent with a critical reduction in the rate of synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid being responsible for the onset of seizures.


Ganglioside changes in slow virus diseases: analyses of chimpanzee brains infected with kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob agents.


Prostaglandins and the mechanism of analgesia produced by aspirin-like drugs. 1. Resting splenic venous outflow from anaesthetized dogs contains prostaglandin-like material: the concentration increases after intra-arterial injections of bradykinin into the spleen, and is abolished by treatment with indomethacin.2. Intra-arterial injections of bradykinin into the spleen of lightly anaesthetized dogs elicit a dose-dependent reflex increase in the blood pressure, which is reduced but not abolished by treatment with indomethacin.3. Addition of prostaglandin E(1) or E(2) either by injections or by infusions restores the reflex increase in the blood pressure due to bradykinin injections after indomethacin treatment.4. The sensitizing action of endogenously released prostaglandins at or near the afferent nerve endings is discussed.5. The analgesic activity of aspirin-like drugs is explained in terms of the removal of the sensitizing activity of prostaglandins.


Short latency jaw movement produced by low intensity intracortical microstimulation of the precentral face area in monkeys.


The permeability to small ions of tight junctions between cerebral endothelial cells.


Behavioral consequences of selective subtotal ablations in the postcentral gyrus of Macaca mulatta.


Inhibition of lordosis behavior in ovariectomized guinea pigs by mesencephalic implants of progesterone.


The growth of Mycobacterium leprae in snakes.


Cell electrophoresis of amphibian blastula and gastrula cells; the relationship of surface charge and morphogenetic movement.


DNA synthesis following gross alterations of the nucleocytoplasmic ratio in the ciliate Stentor coeruleus.


Radiation resistance of spores of Bacillus subtilis and B. stearothermophilus at various water activities.


Further studies with lipoamide dehydrogenase mutants of Escherichia coli K12.


In vitro protein synthesis and measurement of the stability of messenger RNA in the blue-green alga, anabaena variabilis.


The spontaneous release of somatic antigen from Vibrio cholerae.


The mast cells of the mammalian central nervous system. 2. The effect of proton irradiation in the monkey.


Some paediatric problems of Australian Aborigines.


Conditioned behavior in Drosophila melanogaster. Populations of Drosophila were trained by alternately exposing them to two odorants, one coupled with electric shock. On testing, the flies avoided the shock-associated odor. Pseudoconditioning, excitatory states, odor preference, sensitization, habituation, and subjective bias have been eliminated as explanations. The selective avoidance can be extinguished by retraining. All flies in the population have equal probability of expressing this behavior. Memory persists for 24 hr. Another paradigm has been developed in which flies learn to discriminate between light sources of different color.


Mechanism of IgM polymerization.

Mechanism of IgM polymerization. The stoichiometry of J chain in pentamer IgM has been determined by measuring the radiolabeled thiols in the constituent chains after complete reduction and alkylation of the polymer. One mole of J was found to be disulfide bonded to 1 mol of pentamer. The linkage of J chain in IgM has been determined by correlating the J disulfides cleaved with the subunits released after limited reduction and alkylation of the polymer. The analyses showed that: (a) Significant amounts of monomers, as well as small quantities of dimers, trimers, and tetramers, were generated by the reducing conditions employed. (b) The number of J disulfide bonds broken did not correspond to the extent of depolymerization. (c) No J disulfides were cleaved in the J-containing dimer products of the limited reduction. These data demonstrated that the J chain is located as a disulfide clasp between two of the IgM monomer subunits. From the observed linkage, the assembly of IgM is postulated to proceed by a series of sequential disulfide exchanges beginning with the formation of the J-containing dimer.


Induction of nucleolar and mitochondrial DNA replication in Tetrahymena pyriformis. Selective induction of replication of nucleolar and mitochondrial DNA has been demonstrated in starved-refed cultures of Tetrahymena pyriformis by different techniques. Labeling of starved cells with [(3)H]thymidine during a nutritional shift-up and analysis of the DNA in isopycnic CsCl gradients shows that the two initially labeled species of DNA are two species banding on the heavy and light side of the bulk macronuclear DNA. In isolated macronuclei the radioactivity is found only in the high density fraction, which has been shown to be of nucleolar origin. In sucrose gradients the newly replicated mitochondrial and nucleolar DNAs sediment considerably slower than the bulk DNA, as one discrete band corresponding to a molecular weight of about 3 to 4 x 10(7). Electron microscope autoradiography of cells labeled with [(3)H]thymidine as above shows that the peripheral nucleoli of the macronucleus as well as the mitochondria are labeled before any radioactivity is found in the chromatin granules of the macronucleus. The results clearly indicate that nucleolar and mitochondrial DNA replication are under a control independent of that for the replication of bulk DNA.


Control of translation in cultured cells: continued synthesis and accumulation of messenger RNA in nondividing cultures. Nontransformed animal fibroblasts in tissue culture regulate total protein and ribosomal RNA synthesis coordinately with changes in the cellular growth state. Here it is shown that the amounts and rates of synthesis of cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA, presumed to be mRNA, do not appreciably change with alterations in growth state. In nongrowing (resting) cultures of BALB/c 3T3 cells presumptive mRNA molecules predominantly accumulate as cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles; the RNA from which can be chased into the polyribosomal structure upon activation of the resting cultures with animal sera. It is suggested that the decreased protein synthetic rate in resting as compared with growing cells is in part due to a failure of preexisting mRNAs to attach to ribosomes and that addition of serum to the tissue culture medium can partially overcome this translational lesion.


Prostaglandin F in moneky uterine fluid during the menstrual cycle and following steroid treatment.


The family practitioner and the juvenile diabetic.


Levels of plasma immunoglobulins in Malaysians.


The rationale for the use of drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.


Alteration of the liver blood flow and phagocytic activity of the reticuloendothelial system in monkeys infected with Plasmodium knowlesi.


Accidental human infection with Plasmodium cynomolgi bastianellii.


Studies on the erythrophagocytosis in rhesus monkeys infected with Plasmodium knowlesi.


The association of neoplastic diseases and mycotoxins in the environment.


The effect of Travase on wound healing.

The effect of Travase on wound healing.


Interference with organogenesis and fetal development.


Human coumarin prothrombin. Chromatographic, coagulation and immunologic studies.


Platelet factor 3 activity in washed platelets.


Platelets and clot retraction. Effect of divalent cations and several drugs.


The cephalic arterial system in insectivores, primates, rodents and lagomorphs, with special reference to the systematic classification.


Carbamate resistance in Musca domestica nebulo.


Prostaglandins--basic and clinical considerations.


A comparison of the life cycles of Toxoplasma and Hepatozoon, with reference to the general phenomenon and the role of cyst formation in the Coccidia.


A double-blind trial of long-term lithium therapy in mental defectives.


Uptake of the yolk protein, lipovitellin, by developing crustacean oocytes.


The toxicity of polychlorinated polycyclic compounds and related chemicals.


Effects and interactions of juvenile hormone and beta-ecdysone on Drosophila imaginal discs cultured in vitro.


Sequential gene activation by ecdysone in polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. I. Dependence upon ecdysone concentration.


Dependence of transdetermination frequency on the developmental stage of cultured imaginal discs of Drosophila melanogaster.


Intracistronic mapping of electrophoretic sites in Drosophila melanogaster: fidelity of information transfer by gene conversion. A convenient method is described for the intracistronic mapping of genetic sites responsible for electrophoretic variation of a specific protein in Drosophila melanogaster. A number of wild-type isoalleles of the rosy locus have been isolated which are associated with the production of electrophoretically distinguishable xanthine dehydrogenases. Large-scale recombination experiments were carried out involving null enzyme mutants induced on electrophoretically distinct wild-type isoalleles, the genetic basis for which is followed as a nonselective marker in the cross. Additionally, a large-scale recombination experiment was carried out involving null enzyme rosy mutants induced on the same wild-type isoallele. Examination of the electrophoretic character of crossover and convertant products recovered from the latter experiment revealed that all exhibited the same parental electrophoretic character. In addition to documenting the stability of the xanthine dehydrogenase electrophoretic character, this observation argues against a special mutagenesis hypothesis to explain conversions resulting from allele recombination studies.


The genetic structure of natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. XI. Genetic variability in a local population. Six hundred and ninety-one second chromosomes were extracted from a Raleigh, North Carolina population, and the following experimental results were obtained: (1) Salivary gland chromosomes of all lines were observed and the number of inversion-carrying chromosomes was 130, among which 76 carried In(2R)NS, 36 carried In(2L)t, 4 carried In(2L)t and In(2R)NS, and 14 carried different kinds of rare inversions. (2) Viabilities of homozygotes and heterozygotes were examined. The frequency of lethal-carrying chromosomes was 275/691 (or 0.398):70/130 (or 0.538) in inversion-carrying chromosomes and 205/561 (or 0.365) in inversion-free chromosomes. The former is significantly higher than the latter. The average homozygote viability was 0.4342 including lethal lines and 0.7163 excluding those, the average heterozygote viability being 1.0000. The detrimental load to lethal load ratio (D:L ratio) was 0.334/0.501 = 0.67. The average viability of lethal heterozygotes was less than that of lethal-free heterozygotes, significantly in inversion-free individuals but not significantly so in inversion-carrying individuals. Inversion heterozygotes seem to have slightly better viability than the inversion-free heterozygotes on the average, but not significantly so. (3) The average degree of dominance of viability polygenes was estimated to be 0.293 +/- 0.071 for all heterozygotes whose component chromosomes had better viabilities than 0.6 of the average heterozygote viability, 0.177 +/- 0.077 for inversion-free heterozygotes and 0.489 +/- 0.082 for inversion heterozygotes. (4) Mutation rates of viability polygenes and lethal genes were estimated on the basis of genetic loads and average degrees of dominance of lethal genes and viability polygenes. Estimates were very close to those obtained by direct estimation. (5) Possible overdominance and epistasis were detected, but the magnitude must be very small. (6) The effective size of the population was estimated to be much greater than 10,000 by using the allelism rate of lethal-carrying chromosomes (0.0040) and their frequency.-On the basis of these findings and the comparison with the predicted result (Mukai and Maruyama 1971), the mechanisms of the maintenance of genetic variability in the population are discussed.


Induction of sexual reproduction in Opalina sudafricana by injecting its host Bufo regularis with gibberellic acid.


An ultrastructural study of the response of Blatella germanica (Orthoptera: Blattidae) to the nematode Abbreviata caucasica (Spirurida: Physalopteridae).


Duration and specificity of sodium cromolyn on allergen inhalation challenges in asthmatics.


Kinetics of cross-linking of peptidoglycan in Bacillus megaterium.


Human carbonic anhydrases. XII. The complete primary structure of the C isozyme.


Purification and properties of L-lysine monooxygenase from Pseudomonas fluorescens.


Regulatory properties of the flavoprotein L-lysine monooxygenase.


Vascularization and the gliding mechanism of free flexor-tendon grafts inserted by the silicone-rod method.


Steinmann-pin fixation in the treatment of unstable fractures of the ankle.


Effect of tolbutamide on the metabolism of Tetrahymena.


The mammalian pars intermedia: a review of its structure and function.


Blood-group-like substances in some marine invertebrates. 3. Glycoproteins with blood-group A specificity in the cephalopods Sepia officinalis L. and Loligo vulgaris Lam.


Functional organization of a visual area in the posterior bank of the superior temporal sulcus of the rhesus monkey. 1. Anatomical studies have shown the cortex of the posterior bank of the superior temporal sulcus to receive a projection from visual cortical areas, including areas 17, 18 and 19. In this paper the response of single neurones in this area to simple visual stimulation is reported. Ten monkeys were studied.2. A clear but relatively crude topographic representation of the visual field was found. There was a large variation in the size of the receptive fields of individual cells, even in a single penetration. Some cells, with the central parts of their receptive fields located from between 1 and 5 degrees from the centre of gaze had receptive fields averaging about 10 degrees x 10 degrees or even larger. Other cells with central receptive fields had much smaller field sizes.3. Two main types of neurones were encountered, with subdivisions within each type. The first type responded to movement irrespective of form. These could be subdivided into neurones which responded to movement in any direction within the receptive field and neurones which responded to movement in one direction only (directionally selective neurones). Another type of cell was responsive to both contour and movement, much like the complex and lower order hypercomplex cells. Almost all such neurones were directionally selective.4. In oblique penetrations through this cortical region, there tended frequently to be an orderly shift in preferred directions of motion, thus suggesting the possibility of a columnar organization for movement.5. Combined anatomical (degeneration) and electrophysiological experiments showed that these types of neurones are found in those regions of the posterior bank of the superior temporal sulcus receiving a direct projection from area 17.


The effect of sodium and calcium ions on the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla: sodium deprivation induces release by exocytosis in the absence of extracellular calcium. 1. Perfusing bovine adrenal glands with Na(+)-free Locke solution for 15-40 min did not modify the increase in the release of catecholamines from glands stimulated by acetylcholine. However, after 80-100 min of perfusion with Na(+)-free solution, the response to acetylcholine stimulation was decreased or abolished.2. Immediately after switching the perfusion medium to Na(+)-free solution, there was a sharp increase (6-10 times over control values) in catecholamine output.3. Graded substitution of Na(+) in the perfusion fluid enhanced the output of catecholamines. This increase in the output of amines was linearly related to the logarithm of the extracellular Na(+) concentration.4. The release of catecholamines in the absence of Na(+) was not reduced by the presence of atropine and hexamethonium nor by the omission of Ca(2+) in the presence of EDTA or EGTA.5. Excess of Mg(2+) in the perfusion fluid reduced (10 mM-Mg(2+)) or blocked (20 mM-Mg(2+)) the increase in the output of catecholamines induced by Na(+) deprivation in the presence or absence of extracellular Ca(2+).6. Na(+) deprivation induced release of catecholamines during perfusion of the glands with depolarizing concentrations (56 mM) of K(+).7. In the presence or the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), the increase in the output of catecholamines induced by Na(+) deprivation was accompanied by an increase in the output of dopamine beta-hydroxylase, but not of lactate dehydrogenase. In addition, during perfusion with Ca(2+) free solution, Na(+) deprivation induced a parallel increase in both catecholamine and adenosine triphosphate outputs.8. The ratios of catecholamines to dopamine beta-hydroxylase and catecholamines to adenosine triphosphate determined in the perfusates collected from glands during perfusion with Na(+)-free medium were similar to those measured in the soluble contents of isolated chromaffin granules. These results provided biochemical evidence in favour of exocytosis as the mechanism of secretion during Na(+) deprivation.


Ionic mechanism for the photoreceptor potential of the retina of Bufo marinus. 1. Membrane potentials were recorded from single rods in the isolated retina of Bufo marinus while the ionic composition of the extracellular medium was rapidly changed. Substitution of 2 mM aspartate(-) for Cl(-) produced a prompt depolarization of horizontal cells, but no modification of either resting potential or response to light in receptor cells. This implies that feed-back from horizontal cells to receptor cells was not active.2. During substitution of choline(+) or Li(+) for Na(+), and during isosmotic substitution of sucrose for NaCl, the resting potential of receptor cells became more negative and responses to light were abolished. During exposure to K(+)-free medium, the resting potential became slightly more negative and the responses to light became larger and developed small after-depolarizations. Exposure to [K(+)](out) of four times normal resulted in permanent diminution of response magnitude and permanent change of response waveshape. Removal of Mg(2+), four times normal [Mg(2+)](out) or substitution of methylsulphate(-) for Cl(-) had no effect on resting potential or responses to light. With the exception of the small effects seen with altered [K(+)](out) these results are consistent with the receptor potential being generated by a light-induced decrease of membrane conductance to Na(+).3. Exposure to decreased [Ca(2+)](out) caused both a depolarization of the receptor membrane in the dark and an increase in the magnitude of the maximal response that could be evoked by a test stimulus. The magnitude of the increase in response equalled the magnitude of the depolarization. Exposure to increased [Ca(2+)](out) or steady background light caused both a steady hyperpolarization and a decrease in the magnitude of the maximal response that could be evoked by a test stimulus. For steady hyperpolarizations greater than 3.5 mV, whether caused by elevated [Ca(2+)](out) or steady background light, the decrease in response magnitude exceeded the magnitude of the hyperpolarization. These results imply that externally applied Ca(2+) ions mimic the effects of steady background lights, but the applied Ca(2+) ions must do more than merely decrease membrane conductance to Na(+).


Tuberculosis in a family day-care home. Report of an outbreak and recommendations for prevention.


Gonococcal colony types.

Gonococcal colony types.


Editorial: The nondiscriminant gonococcus.


Infective endocarditis. A review of selected topics.


Bacteremia caused by gram-negative bacilli.


Amniotic fluid assay as an index for gestational age and fetal development in the baboon.


Ultrasonic aspiration transducer for management of Rh incompatibility.


A dose-rate effect in the ultraviolet inactivation of bacterial spores.


Comparative investigations on several immunodiffusion methods for Australia antigen detection. II. Electroimmunodiffusion.


Studies on the sensitivity of a passive hemagglutination test in the detection of antimeasles antibodies.


Investigations on human antibodies against Australia antigen.


Letter: False positive reactions in the electroimmunodiffusion technique for Australia antigen detection.


Immunochemical study of the interaction between staphylococcal protein A, rabbit antistaphylococcal sera, and selected sera from nonimmunized animals.


Immunoglobulins in feces from infants fed human or bovine milk.


On the frequency of valine in position 2 of the V k3 subgroup.


The principle of immunopotentiation in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: effect of transfer factor.


Summary of recent abstracts. VII. Rickettsial diseases.


Intestinal cystoplasty. Long-term functional result.


Ureteral duplication and prostatic disease.


Diverticula of female urethra. Diagnostic importance of postvoiding film.


Condyloma acuminatum of male urethra. Successful management with 5-fluorouracil.


Enhancement of microsomal drug hydroxylation and glucuronidation in rat liver by phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene in combination.


Water movement in the vitreous body, evaluated experimentally and theoretically.


Activation and inactivation of membrane-bound UDP-glucuronosyltransferase by organic solvents in vitro.


Placental transfer of a cephalosporin derivative (C 36'278-Ba).


Bacteriostatic action of middle ear exudate and blood leucocytes.


Effects of opioid narcotic drugs on energy reserves of skeletal muscle. I. Glycogen.


Concerning the role of zinc in the antitumor activity of 3-ethoxy-2-oxobutyraldehyde bis(thiosemicarbazonato) zinc(II) and related chelates.


Effects of concentration of volatile metabolites from bacteria and germinating seeds on fungi in the presence of selective absorbents.


Immunological response of guinea pigs experimentally infected with Histoplasma duboisii.


Dimension control in bacteria.

Dimension control in bacteria.


The isolation of blue-green bacteria in pure culture.


Cystic fibrosis: synthesis of ciliary inhibitor by amniotic cells.


Sympathetic and parasympathetic components of reflex tachycardia induced by hypotension in conscious dogs with and without heart failure.


The genetics of hereditary angioedema: a hypothesis.


An analysis of the development program in relation to RNA metabolism in the ciliate Stylonychia mytilus.


Development of the temperature-sensitive homoeotic mutant ophthalmoptera of Drosophila melanogaster.


Development of early behaviors in neonatal squirrel monkeys and cotton-top tamarins.


Enhancing factor on anti-hapten antibody response released from PPDs-stimulated tubercle bacilli-sensitized cells.


Purification and properties of the C4 inactivator from nurse shark serum.


Structural features of pig IgA.

Structural features of pig IgA.


Two new inhibitory activities in blood of mice with delayed hypersensitivity, after challenge with specific antigen. In addition to the activities associated with migration inhibitory factor and type II interferon, two other inhibitory activities have been found in the sera of mice infected intravenously with BCG and 3 weeks later challenged intravenously with old tuberculin. Growth of three bacteria, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and one yeast, Candida albicans, was inhibited in vitro by a factor or factors in the serum. Also, hematopoiesis of mouse bone marrow cells in a soft agar medium was suppressed by the serum.


Detection of nonspecific resistance to Listeria monocytogenes in rabbits infected with Treponema pallidum. Several lines of evidence suggest that cell-mediated immunity (CMI) is suppressed in the early stages of infection caused by Treponema pallidum and becomes activated at the time that latency is induced. In the studies reported in this paper, rabbits were infected intravenously with T. pallidum and subsequently challenged with Listeria monocytogenes. Enhanced ability to suppress the growth of Listeria was detected in their livers between 3 and 5 weeks after infection with T. pallidum, corresponding to the onset and regression of the generalized syphilitic eruption. A second infection of T. pallidum 4 weeks after the first, at a time when suppression was beginning to wane, prolonged the listericidal activity. These observations support the hypothesis that infection by T. pallidum stimulates CMI, which, in turn, may play a role in inducing latency.


Occurrence of quinovosamine in lipopolysaccharides of Brucella species. Lipopolysaccharides obtained from Brucella abortus, B. melitensis, and B. suis, but not B. canis, were found to contain amino sugars identified as glucosamine and quinovosamine by cation exchange and thin-layer cellulose chromatography and ninhydrin degradation.


Respiratory immune response to aerosolized keyhole limpet hemocyanin in primate lungs. Methodology for delivery of antigen to the lower respiratory tract of rhesus monkeys and the recovery of respiratory secretions (RS) by bronchial lavage has been evaluated and has been done on repeated occasions without apparent risk to animals. Rhesus immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgM, and IgA were identified in RS by their cross-reactivity with human IgG, IgA, and IgM, and relative concentrations of rhesus IgA and IgG could be evaluated in sequential samples of RS and serum (S) by radial immunodiffusion analysis using antiserum specific for human gamma and alpha chains. Administration of keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) by aerosol was compared with intravenous administration of KLH. The aerosol route of administration resulted in IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies detectable by radio-immunodiffusion in RS but only IgG antibodies in serum. After separate sequences of exposure to KLH delivered to the lung, a secondary type of immune response in the lung appeared as indicated by time of appearance and height of antibody titers. Antibody titers against KLH were estimated by passive hemagglutination of tanned sheep red cells coated with KLH, and anti-KLH titers were comparatively higher in RS of animals immunized by the respiratory route. Treatment of RS and S with 2-mercaptoethanol resulted in reduction of hemagglutination titers of both S and RS, but the degree of reduction varied in different samples and was independent of whether or not the S and RS were collected simultaneously. These results indicate that at least part of the antibody response to aerosolized KLH in rhesus monkeys occurs in the lung and that antibodies may appear in all three immunoglobulin classes in this response.


Replication of macronuclear DNA in the cytoplasm of Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Observations implicating an extracellular enzymic mechanism of control of bone morphogenesis.


Distribution of peroxidase activity in Tetrahymena pyriformis mitochondria.


Giant lysosomes in cultured monkey kidney cells.


Immunochemistry of counterimmunoelectrophoresis and the effect of electroendosmotic flow on reactivity.


Spontaneous rosettes as a T-lymphocyte marker: a modified method giving consistent results. SRBC rosettes.


Detection and quantitation of chicken antibodies to streptococcal carbohydrate by high-salt reverse radial immunodiffusion.


Heterogeneity of RNA polymerase in Escherichia coli. I. A new holoenzyme containing a new sigma factor.


Blood levels of free and bound thyroid hormones.


On earlier states of the biochemical system.


Antagonism of ethanol narcosis by thyrotropin releasing hormone.


Cytoplasmic factors in the gonads of Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes.


The significance of brucella antibodies in patients in a rural area.


Evaluation of systemic steroid treatment in children with asthma.


Transfection of Bacillus subtilis with bacteriophage H1 DNA: fate of transfecting DNA and transfection enhancement in B. subtilis uur+ and uur- strains.


Renal blood flow and function following suprarenal ligation of the inferior caval vein. An experimental study in the rabbit.


An anthrax outbreak in Berkshire.

An anthrax outbreak in Berkshire.


Interaction between azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum and rhizobium sp.


The effect of certain nitro-herbicides on the growth of some soil-inhabiting fungi.


An apparatus for the microslide immunodiffusion.


Intracortical distribution of renal blood flow during saline infusion in dogs.


Influence of aldosterone on active sodium transport by the toad bladder: a kinetic approach.


Primate biliary physiology. IX. Effects of acute biliary obstruction on biliary lipid metabolism in the monkey.


Kinetics of kinin release in canine plasma.


Nitroglycerin and chromonar on small-vessel blood content of the ventricular walls.


Changes in the subunit structure of Bacillus subtilis RNA polymerase during sporulation.


Transcriptional systems in eukaryotic cells.


The stringent response--21 years on.

The stringent response--21 years on.


New concepts in the management of mycosis fungoides.


A dermatosis specifically associated with a tumour of pancreatic alpha cells.


The use of the hamster stomach in vitro as an assay preparation for prostaglandins. 1. Hamster stomach strips in vitro are useful test preparations for the assay of prostaglandins E and F in the nanogram concentration range. Three-minute cycles can be used for long periods without spontaneous contractions or significant base-line instability.2. The mean percentage error and the precision index of six 4-point assays of prostaglandin E(2) were 7.8 and 0.057, respectively.3. The relative sensitivity to different prostaglandins was E(2)/E(1) approximately 1, E(2)/F(1alpha) approximately 65 and E(2)/A(1) approximately 400.4. These preparations were relatively insensitive to 5-hydroxytryptamine (prostaglandin E(2)/5-HT approximately 20,000) and histamine (prostaglandin E(2)/histamine approximately 200).5. These results suggest that the hamster stomach preparation can be used to differentiate between 5-hydroxytryptamine and prostaglandins.


Response of flocculus Purkinje cells to adequate vestibular stimulation in the alert monkey: fixation vs. compensatory eye movements.


A kallikrein-like substance in cat nasal secretion. Incubation of cat nasal secretion with cat plasma releases a substance which will contract the cat isolated jejunum, a tissue specifically sensitive to bradykinin and similar peptides. The smooth muscle stimulating activity of the incubate is potentiated and prolonged 'by the addition of the kininase inhiibitor, EDTA. From the results it is concluded that the incubation of cat nasal secretion and plasma releases a kinin-like substance, and that this kinin may have a role in the secretory and vasomotor activity of the nasal mucosa.


Editorial: Diagnosis of thyroid diseases.


Therapeutic efficacy of rifampin in newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis. A comparison was made of the therapeutic efficiency and tolerance of rifampin-based regimens and that of the standard triple-drug combination in the treatment of 92 newly diagnosed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis. The three drug regimens investigated were: A, rifampin-INH; B, rifampin-INH-streptomycin; and C, INH-PAS-streptomycin. Therapeutic progress was measured in terms of sputum conversion on culture and microscopy. The rifampin combinations produced a somewhat earlier sputum conversion. With regimens containing this potent antibiotic the phenomenon of microscopically-positive but culture-negative specimens was more frequently observed. The tolerance exhibited to the rifampin regimens was far greater than that to the conventional triple-drug combination. Nevertheless, periodic laboratory examinations are essential during rifampin therapy for safe utilization of the drug. An incidental finding of this study was the increase in primary resistance to streptomycin particularly among recent immigrants to Canada.


Thymidine metabolism during normal and compensatory renal growth.


Corynebacterium, tubercle bacillus and cancer.


Retinal synaptogenesis in the primate.

Retinal synaptogenesis in the primate.


The inhibitory effect of pentobarbital Na on aqueous humor formation.


Chromatographic and biological aspects of DDT and its metabolites.


Effects of microquantities of testosterone on the epididymis and accessory glands of the castrated rhesus monkey, Macaca mulatta.


Behavioral activities and cardiovascular functions: effects of hexamethonium on cardiovascular changes during strong sustained static work in rhesus monkeys.


The role of the autonomic nervous system in the responses of the perfused canine paw to prostaglandins B1 and B2.


Prevention of acute pulmonary insufficiency by eriodictyol.


The effect of acetazolamide and furosemide on cerebrospinal fluid production and choroid plexus carbonic anhydrase activity.


Morphine metabolism in vivo and in vitro by homozygous Gunn rats.


Evaluation of the crypt surface adjacent to metal endosseous implants: an electron microscopic study in clinically successful implants.


Protease-sensitive transfection of Bacillus subtilis with bacteriophage GA-1 DNA: a probable case of heterologous transfection. The host bacterium of bacteriophage GA-1, Bacillus sp. G1R, was compared with respect to its taxonomic relationship to Bacillus subtilis, B. licheniformis, and B. pumilis. The physiological-biochemical properties of Bacillus sp. G1R are equal to those of B. licheniformis, but the thermal denaturation midpoint of G1R DNA differs by 3 C and the buoyant density by 0.005 g/cm(3) from that of B. licheniformis. Transformation with G1R donor DNA was neither observed in B. licheniformis nor in B. subtilis-competent recipients. Bacteriophage GA-1 shows neither infectivity on B. licheniformis nor on B. subtilis. However, infection of competent B. subtilis cultures with phenol-extracted GA-1 DNA results in the production of infective GA-1 particles. The transfecting activity of GA-1 DNA is destroyed by treatment with proteolytic enzymes. Resistance of transfecting DNA to inactivation by trypsin develops earlier than that to inactivation by DNase. Protease-treated GA-1 DNA competes with transforming DNA to approximately the same extent as does untreated GA-1 DNA, suggesting that uptake of GA-1 DNA is not affected by protease treatment. CsCl density gradient centrifugation reveals that the density of trypsinized GA-1 DNA is 0.004 g/cm(3) greater than that of untreated DNA.


Psychomotor epilepsy in childhood.

Psychomotor epilepsy in childhood.


Diagnosis and treatment of childhood myoclonic seizures.


Plasma transferrin in Singapore women during pregnancy.


The role of infection on wound healing.

The role of infection on wound healing.


Dicephalus, spina bifida, Arnold-Chiari malformation and duplication of thoracic organs in a calf. Description of the case and critical discussion of the pathogenesis of the Arnold-Chiari malformation.


Blood and milk levels of chloramphenicol in normal and mastitic cows and ewes after intramuscular administration of chloramphenicol and chloramphenicol sodium succinate.


Multiple myeloma of IgA type in a dog.

Multiple myeloma of IgA type in a dog.


Prenatal development and activity of the thyroid gland of the buffalo.


Diabetes mellitus with pancreatic atrophy in antelopes in the Amsterdam zoo.


N-bromosuccinimide protects chick embryos against the lathyrogenic effect of isonicotinic acid hydrazide.


Experimental iris sutures in the monkey.


Puerperal morbidity and internal fetal monitoring.


Placental transfer and distribution of nicotine in the pregnant rhesus monkey.


Venous thrombosis on prosthetic surfaces. Evolution and blood coagulation studies in a nonhuman primate model. Thrombi deposited on prosthetic devices in the superior vena cava of the rhesus monkey were studied by morphologic and biochemical technics. Glass or silicone-coated glass (SCG) rings were implanted for 30 minutes to 14 days. Thrombus was deposited on the surface of each prosthetic device, and deposition was much greater and more rapid on glass surfaces than on SCG surfaces. On SCG surfaces, initial deposits consisting of single platelets, small platelet aggregates and erythrocytes were seen by scanning electron microscopy. These were followed by larger platelet aggregates, fibrin and, much later, leukocytes. Transmission electron micrographs revealed disintegration of the platelets forming aggregates and an osmiophilic deposit on the prosthetic surface. Shortened partial thromboplastin times were observed in all test animals but the sham-operated one, and therefore may be predictive of thrombus formation.


Mycobacterial skin tests in humans 12 years after infection with Mycobacterium marinum.


Pulmonary intravascular leukocyte sequestration. A potential mechanism of lung injury.


Pancreatic beta cell replication induced by glucocorticoids in subhuman primates. Pancreatic islets were studied by means of light microsocpy, autoradiography and electron microscopy in untreated Macaca cyclopis monkeys and after the administration of large quantities of adrenal glucocorticoids. Mild hyperglycemia and profound elevations of serum immunoreactive insulin were induced by glucocorticoid injections of 1 to 3 weeks duration, with a gradual return to pretreatment levels within 2 months after cessation of treatment. Morphologic alterations included degranulation and hyperplasia of pancreatic beta cells. These were noted in association with increased numbers of labeled islet cells after the administration of (3)H-thymidine and beta cells undergoing mitotic division, and could be correlated directly with the magnitude of serum insulin elevation. Evidence of acinar-islet or duct-islet cell transformation was absent. Beta cell regranulation and the twofold increase in extractable pancreatic insulin which followed the cessation of injections demonstrated the survival and functional integrity of the newly formed beta cells.


Ethambutol-isoniazid versus streptomycin-ethambutol-isoniazid in original treatment of cavitary tuberculosis.


Letter: Urethral burning as a side effect of cromolyn sodium.


Skeletal reactions to neoplasms.

Skeletal reactions to neoplasms.


Small-sample blood culture method for identification of bacteria in central arterial and peripheral blood. A blood culture technique that utilized small arterial blood samples or peripheral capillary blood was tested in beagle dogs and pig-tailed macaque monkeys. A bolus of 2.0 x 10(7)Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) was injected intravenously into five animals of each species. Blood samples were taken before injection of the organisms and 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, and 120 min after injection. Arterial blood samples (2.0 and 0.2 ml) and peripheral capillary samples (0.14 ml) were taken at each sampling time. Pour plates were prepared from arterial blood for colony counts. All three blood sampling methods were equally effective in detecting sepsis when 10 or more organisms per ml of blood were present. Below this level, the 2.0-ml sample was more effective. Contamination of the peripheral sample with air or skin contaminants was a problem.


New gas chromatographic characterization procedure: preliminary studies on some Pseudomonas species. Strains of saccharolytic and nonsaccharolytic Pseudomonas species were examined by a new single-step gas chromatographic characterization procedure. Cells were digested in a methanolic solution of tetramethylammonium hydroxide pentahydrate, and the digestates were subjected to gas-liquid chromatographic analysis. The chromatograms were examined for similarities and differences in their overall patterns. A single component was defined for use as an internal qualitative and quantitative standardizing component in order to develop relative retention time-relative peak height profiles of each organism. Comparison of these profiles enabled the characterization of strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. putida, P. cepacia, P. pseudomallei, P. stutzeri, P. pseudoalcaligenes, P. alcaligenes, P. diminuta, P. denitrificans, and P. acidovorans. The P. maltophilia and P. putrefaciens digestates showed chromatograms which were superficially similar yet easily distinguished as belonging to different species. The chromatograms of these two organisms were very different from those of other pseudomonads.


Polygalacturonate lyase production by Bacillus subtilis and Flavobacterium pectinovorum. Nutritional factors relating to the production of polygalacturonate lyases by strains of Bacillus subtilis and Flavobacterium pectinovorum were examined. Studies were carried out in shake flask cultures. In the case of B. subtilis the enzyme was produced constitutively, whereas in the case of F. pectinovorum it was only produced in quantity in the presence of pectic substances. Glucose was the most suitable carbon source for production of the polygalacturonate lyase of B. subtilis; of the nitrogen sources examined, the highest activities per milliliter of supernatant and per milligram of cells were obtained with glutamine and ammonium sulfate, respectively. The pattern of enzyme production and growth was similar although enzyme production ceased at pH 5.3. Sodium polypectate was the best inducer of polygalacturonate lyase with F. pectinovorum. Highest activity per milliliter of cell-free supernatant was obtained with skin milk powder as nitrogen source, although ammonium sulfate gave highest enzyme production per unit of biomass. Growth of F. pectinovorum occurred between pH 5.7 and 7.2. Enzyme production occurred during active growth and was independent of the pH of the medium.


Stable mycoplasma antigen preparations for indirect hemagglutination tests. In immunological studies of mycoplasmas, the use of glutaraldehyde for the fixative makes it possible to use erythrocytes from commercially available defibrinated sheep blood. It eliminates the necessity of having to screen blood from individual sheep to obtain a suitable source of erythrocytes, as when employing tannic acid for fixation and sensitization. The chemical bonding of soluble mycoplasma proteins to glutaraladehyde-fixed sheep erythrocytes by bis-diazotized 3,3'dimethoxy derivative, benzidine, yields preparations that are satisfactory antigens for performing the indirect hemagglutination test by the microtiter technique. The antigenic preparations are satisfactory for use after storage at 4 or -10 C for many months. Incorporation of 5% glycerine in the final suspending milieu makes it possible to obtain uniform suspensions of the fixed and sensitized sheep erythrocytes after freezing and after repeated freezing and thawing. Proteins from Mycoplasma arthritidis and M. hominis have been coupled to glutaraldehyde-fixed erythrocytes by diazotization. The last mentioned preparation detected the presence of antibodies in titers greater than 1:10 in 37% of 237 pregnant women whose ages ranged between 20 and 30 years. There was no correlation between the presence of specific antibodies in the blood and the isolation of M. hominis from the cervical canal.


Slide agglutination method for the serological identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with anti-gonococcal antibodies adsorbed to protein A-containing staphylococci. A rapid slide agglutination test has been developed for the identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae that are primarily detected as oxidase-positive colonies in gonococcal cultures. The technique is based on the specific nonimmune reactivity between the Fc portion of immunoglobulin (Ig)G and staphylococcal protein A. IgG molecules adsorbed to stabilized staphylococci will thereby become oriented with their antigen-reactive sites that are directed outwards. Protein A-containing staphylococci with unabsorbed anti-gonococcal antibodies gave positive co-agglutination reactions with gonococci but also with meningococci, some Moraxella, Haemophilus, and Pseudomonas strains. These crossreactions were eliminated by absorption of the anti-gonococcal antiserum with meningococcal and Moraxella organisms prior to the coating of reagent staphylococci. In the routine culture diagnosis of N. gonorrhoeae the use of specific gonococcal reagent staphylococci gave concordant results with fermentation procedures and immunofluorescent techniques.


Inhibition of aflatoxin production and tentative identification of an aflatoxin intermediate "versiconal acetate" from treatment with dichlorvos. In general, aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus was greatly reduced in vitro in the presence of the insecticide dichlorvos. Reduction in yield of the toxins was accompanied by the apperance of a previously unidentified orange pigment. Spectral analyses of the pigment and of its methylated and acetylated derivatives indicated the compound to be versiconal acetate (IV). The data suggest that IV is an intermediate in the metabolic cycle that may terminate in the production of aflatoxin or of the versicolorins, or both. Dichlorvos apparently inhibits biosynthesis of the difurano ring structure common to the aflatoxins and the versicolorins.


Simplified sugar fermentation plate technique for identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. A simplified sugar fermentation technique incorporating (i) a glucose and (ii) a maltose, lactose, and sucrose plate was developed for confirming large numbers of Neisseria gonorrhoeae cultures.


Pyocin typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a simplified method. A simplified method has been devised for typing Pseudomonas aeruginosa by pyocin production. Pyocins are produced as strains grow overnight in Trypticase soy broth (without glucose) plus 1% potassium nitrate. Because P. aeruginosa can use nitrate instead of oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor, mechanical shaking is not necessary, nor is induction by mitomycin C. Pyocins can now be produced in screw-cap tubes in a water bath or incubator. A total of 250 strains were tested as possible pyocin indicators, which included 60 strains already used in pyocin-typing systems. The final set contained 18 indicators which were chosen because (i) they had clear positive or clear negative reactions, thus eliminating reactions difficult to read, (ii) they had few zones due to bacteriophage lysis, and (iii) they were most sensitive in differentiating clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. The final typing method was tested in several studies and the results were clear; thus definitive epidemiological conclusions could be made. Because it is simple to perform and easily automated, the new method should have application in many hospitals; however, it should be used only in carefully planned epidemiological studies. The method and its application are described in detail, and some pitfalls are discussed.


Serological characterization of buffalopox virus.


Carrier cultures of human fetal diploid cells infected with coxsackievirus type B2.


Maturation of chloroplast rRNA in Euglena gracilis.


A rotor speed dependent crossover in sedimentation velocities of DNA's of different sizes.


The synthesis of MS 1 and MS 2 by Bacillus subtilis.


Hepatic DNA repair synthesis in rats fed 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.


Studies on the fluorophore sempervirene and its complexes with DNA. Evidence that the fluorophore sempervirene binds to nucleic acids is presented. The complexes were studied by fluorescence intensity, spectra, decay lifetime, and polarization methods. Both fluorescent and nonfluorescent complexes are formed. The sempervirene is rigidly fixed to DNA. If ethidium bromide and sempervirene are bound to DNA, energy can be transferred from sempervirene to ethidium. Sempervirene is taken up by mammalian cells and appears in the cytoplasm. This unusual new probe should be useful in molecular and cellular investigations.


The influence of anaesthetics on the increase in the water permeability of the toad bladder induced by vasopressin. 1 Single lobes of the bladder of Bufo marinus were isolated and filled with, and suspended in, oxygenated Ringer solution. The fluid in contact with the outside (serosa) of the lobes had a total osmolarity of 225 m-osmol/litre, and that bathing the inside (mucosa) of 45 m-osmol/litre.2 Osmotic water flow from mucosa to serosa was measured by weighing the lobes every 30 minutes. It was negligible unless vasopressin was added to the serosal bath. Standard concentrations of either 1.25 or 6.25 mu/ml were used to render the bladder lobes permeable to water.3 The presence in the serosal medium of pentobarbitone or thiopentone in concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 mM, or of chloralose in concentrations ranging from 0.65 to 6.5 mM, diminished the increase in water permeability induced by vasopressin.4 The three anaesthetics exerted similar inhibitory effects on the action of vasopressin from the serosal and from the mucosal surface of the bladder.5 In the presence of a constant high concentration of anaesthetic, increasing the concentration of vasopressin over three orders of magnitude led to stepwise increases of osmotic water flow out of the lobes, although at every dose level the effect of vasopressin was depressed by the anaesthetic. However, it was not completely abolished even if the concentration of vasopressin was close to threshold.6 The increase in water permeability of the bladder induced by 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP) was also depressed by the three anaesthetics.7 Possible explanations of the findings are discussed.


The actions of prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha on human foetal intestine. Human foetal small and large intestine responded to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2alpha), the gestational age of the tissue being between 14 and 26 weeks. The predominant response to both prostaglandins was a contraction of each region of the intestine studied. The response to both prostaglandins was antagonized selectively by poly.phloretin phosphate.


Sensitivity to irradiation of the brain stem. Irradiation myelitis in the treatment of a nasopharynx carcinoma.


Treatment of supraglottic cancer by radical high dose radiotherapy.


Restoration of fertility in sterilized Drosophila eggs by transplantation of polar cytoplasm.


Non-epithelial tumors of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx. A clinicopathologic study. II. Osseous and fibro-osseous lesions, including osteoma, fibrous dysplasia, ossifying fibroma, osteoblastoma, giant cell tumor, and osteosarcoma.


Repair of a genetically-caused defect in oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster by transplantation of cytoplasm from wild-type eggs and by injection of pyrimidine nucleosides.


Sources and disposition of pituitary prolactin in maternal circulation, amniotic fluid, fetus and placenta in the pregnant rhesus monkey.


Ovulating-inducing activity of FSH in the rat.


The pineal gland: a supplemental source of hypothalamic-releasing hormones.


Interaction between thymic hormone and hypophyseal growth hormone on production of precipitating antibodies in the rat.


Transmission of kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease to marmoset monkeys.


Ticarcillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa: in vitro activity and blood levels in man.


Adhesion of Vi antigen and toxicity in typhoid vaccines inactivated by acetone or by heat and phenol.


Immunological investigations of meningococcal disease. II. Some characteristics of group C antigen of Neisseria meningitidis in the sera of patients with fulminant meningococcemia.


Course of experimental scrapie virus infection in the goat.


Demonstration of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with fluorescent antibody in patients with disseminated gonococcal infection.


Epidemic disease due to serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis in Saõ Paulo, Brazil.


Vitamin A-induced nonspecific resistance to infection.


Letter: Wound infection with Shigella flexneri.


Letter: Dopa oxidase bands.

Letter: Dopa oxidase bands.


Blue-green algal proteins: assembly forms of C-phycocyanin from Synechococcus sp.


The effect of intraspinal masses on flow in the epidural venous system.


Imaging with radioactive microspheres to demonstrate maternal circulation in the placenta of rhesus monkeys.


Thyrotropin releasing hormone: enhancement of DOPA activity in thyroidectomized rats.


Remote nerve fibre bundle alterations in the retina as caused by argon laser photocoagulation.


Bioconvection patterns in swimming microorganism cultures as an example of Rayleigh-Taylor instability.


Decrease of polysomes in Tetrahymena after synchronisation shocks.


Progress of a breeding project for non-human primates in Colombia.


Social hierarchy in monkeys (Macaca mulatta) modified by chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride.


The use of immunoelectro-osmophoresis in the laboratory diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation.


The agar dilution method of testing the sensitivity of bacteria to antibiotics.


Bacterial suspensions for the growth of Naegleria species.


Estimating lecithin-sphingomyelin area ratio in amniotic fluid. A modified method for the prediction of neonatal respiratory distress.


Aspects of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. I. Early hyperplastic foci.


Some aspects of epilepsy and convulsions in childhood.


Radiolabeled chelates for visualization of kidney function and structure with emphasis on their use in renal insufficiency.


Exploratory behavior and activity of infant monkeys during nutritional and rearing restriction.


Nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in rhesus monkeys.


Evaluation of the nutritional quality of food supplies: prediction of "desirable" or "safe" protein: calorie ratios.


Chromium nutrition in man.

Chromium nutrition in man.


Studies on the antimalarial effects of RC-12 and WR 14,997 on the development of Plasmodium cynomolgi in mosquitoes and Rhesus monkeys.


Schistosomiasis haematobia in African, hamadryas, and gelada baboons.


Health and health services in the United States. A perspective and a discussion of some issues.


Latent radiation injury of lungs or heart activated by steroid withdrawal.


Letter: Lingual thyroid.

Letter: Lingual thyroid.


Letter: Psuedomonas septicemia and splenectomy.


Improved management of esophageal perforation: exclusion and diversion in continuity.


Small intestinal atresia: the critical role of a functioning anastomosis.


Porcine aortic valves as replacements for human heart valves.


Candida sepsis: pathogenesis and principles of treatments.


Pharmacological evaluation of 3-(N-3,3-diphenylpropyl-N-methyl)-aminopropan-1-ol-hydrochloride (PF-82), a new type of antidepressant drug.


Mannosidosis: detection of the disease and of heterozygotes using serum and leucocytes.


Synthesis of diphtheria toxin in E. coli cell-free lysate.


Effects of the diastereoisomers of methylenetetrahydrofolate on the reaction catalyzed by thymidylate synthetase.


Conjugation in Tetrahymena: the relationship between the division cycle and cell pairing.


Drosophilia myogenesis in vitro: the genesis of "small" myocytes and myotubes.


Permeabilization of Drosophila eggs.

Permeabilization of Drosophila eggs.


Assessors of fetal perinatal mortality in diabetic pregnancy. Analysis of 1,332 pregnancies in the Copenhagen series, 1946-1972.


Observations on lipolysis in ketosis-resistant, growth-onset diabetes.


Inhibition by somatostatin on the release of TSH induced in man by thyrotropin-releasing factor.


Homeostasis of body weight in a diabetes clinic population.


Thermal inactivation of thyroxine-binding globulin for direct radioimmunoassay of triiodothyronine in serum.


Phagocytic activity of macrophages from C57-Bl and CBA mice.


Effect of acute and long-standing hypocalcemia on blood pressure and plasma renin activity in man.


Two Bence Jones proteins of different immunological type (light chains kappa and lambda) in a case of micromolecular myeloma.


Failure of somatostatin to suppress thyrotropin releasing factor and luteinizing hormone releasing factor-induced growth hormone release in acromegaly.


Maternal dietary deficiency and cellular development of progeny in the rat.


Values of the IgG, IgA, IgM immunoglobulins and of the fraction C'3 of the complement in 200 normal subjects.


Radiation therapy of inoperable localized prostate carcinoma: an assessment of tumor response and complications.


Thydrotropin releasing hormone: antagonism of pentobarbital in rodents.


Effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition on shell penetration by the muricid gastropod Urosalpinx cinerea.


Thyrotropin-releasing hormone is not the sole physiologic mediator of prolactin release during suckling.


Editorial: Control of prolactin in man.

Editorial: Control of prolactin in man.


Letter: Quantitation of nerve-growth-stimulating activity.


Gene dosage compensation in metafemales (3X;2A) of Drosophila.


Non-specific "pairing" of DNA molecules by recombination enzyme of Bacillus subtilis.


Pulmonary embolism complicating permanent cardiac pacing.


Letter: Heterotopic bone formation in abdominal scars.


The significance of epileptic seizures in infancy and childhood.


Acute pressure changes and possible secondary tissue changes due to laser or xenon photocoagulation.


A low-molecular-weight protein cross-reacting with human liver N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Antisera were raised to preparations of hexosaminidase isoenzymes A and B purified from human liver. Protein that cross-reacted with the liver hexosaminidase was detected by an antibody-consumption method. A cross-reacting protein with a low molecular weight (20000) was partially characterized and purified from control human liver. This protein is also present in the liver of patients with Tay-Sachs disease or with Sandhoff's disease. Hexosaminidases A and B gave an immunological reaction of partial identity with the low-molecular-weight protein. The possible identity of the low-molecular-weight cross-reacting protein as a subunit of hexosaminidase is discussed.


Mannosidosis in Angus cattle. The enzymic defect. Normal calf alpha-mannosidase activity exists in at least three forms separable by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and by starch-gel electrophoresis. Two components, A and B, have optimum activity between pH3.75 and 4.75, but component C has an optimum of pH6.6. Components A and B are virtually absent from the tissues of a calf with mannosidosis and the residual activity is due to component C. The acidic and neutral forms of alpha-mannosidase differ in their molecular weights and sensitivity to EDTA, Zn(2+), Co(2+) and Mn(2+). An acidic alpha-mannosidase component (pH optimum 4.0) accounts for most of the activity in normal plasma but it is absent from the plasma of a calf with mannosidosis. Although the acidic alpha-mannosidase component is probably related to tissue components A and B, it can be distinguished from them by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The optimum pH of the low residual activity in the plasma from a calf with mannosidosis is pH5.5-5.75. The results support the hypothesis that Angus-cattle mannosidosis is a storage disease caused by a deficiency of lysosomal acidic alpha-mannosidase activity.


Dihydrofolate reductase: low-resolution mass-spectrometric analysis of an elastase digest as a sequencing tool. An elastase digest of a protein of unknown structure, dihydrofolate reductase, was studied by mass spectrometry. This soluble digest contained a large number of small peptides in different yields, within the ideal molecular-weight range (200-1200) for mixture-analysis mass spectrometry. Sequences of the major component peptides in the digest are reported.


Cathepsin B1. A lysosomal enzyme that degrades native collagen. 1. Experiments were made to determine whether the purified lysosomal proteinases, cathepsins B1 and D, degrade acid-soluble collagen in solution, reconstituted collagen fibrils, insoluble collagen or gelatin. 2. At acid pH values cathepsin B1 released (14)C-labelled peptides from collagen fibrils reconstituted at neutral pH from soluble collagen. The purified enzyme required activation by cysteine and EDTA and was inhibited by 4-chloromercuribenzoate, by the chloromethyl ketones derived from tosyl-lysine and acetyltetra-alanine and by human alpha(2)-macroglobulin. 3. Cathepsin B1 degraded collagen in solution, the pH optimum being pH4.5-5.0. The initial action was cleavage of the non-helical region containing the cross-link; this was seen as a decrease in viscosity with no change in optical rotation. The enzyme also attacked the helical region of collagen by a mechanism different from that of mammalian neutral collagenase. No discrete intermediate products of a specific size were observed in segment-long-spacing crystalloids (measured as native collagen molecules aligned with N-termini together along the long axis) or as separate peaks on gel filtration chromatography. This suggests that once an alpha-chain was attacked it was rapidly degraded to low-molecular-weight peptides. 4. Cathepsin B1 degraded insoluble collagen with a pH optimum below 4; this value is lower than that found for the soluble substrate, and a possible explanation is given. 5. The lysosomal carboxyl proteinase, cathepsin D, had no action on collagen or gelatin at pH3.0. Neither cathepsin B1 nor D cleaved Pz-Pro-Leu-Gly-Pro-d-Arg. 6. Cathepsin B1 activity was shown to be essential for the degradation of collagen by lysosomal extracts. 7. Cathepsin B1 may provide an alternative route for collagen breakdown in physiological and pathological situations.


Mild and efficient solubilization of Escherichia coli cells for the analysis of chromosomal DNA by sucrose gradient centrifugation.


Proceedings: An oxygen electrode for cranial implantation.


Relation between zinc and iron and peroxidation of lipids in liver homogenate in CaEDTA-treated rats.


Liquid formula and chemically defined diets.


The effects of thrombin on phytohemagglutinin receptor sites in human platelets. We have previously demonstrated that lentil phytohemagglutinin (lentil-PHA) binds to human platelet membranes without causing either aggregation or the release reaction. When platelets are treated with thrombin, there is an increase in lentil-PHA binding suggesting the appearance of new receptor sites on the cell surface. We prepared a lentil-PHA-ferritin conjugate using affinity chromatography which was used to saturate cell surface receptor sites. Studies using this conjugate suggest that thrombin causes a complex change in the platelet surface involving a decrease in the number of lentil-PHA receptor sites on the external platelet surface with a marked increase in sites within the center of the canalicular system. These increased sites may result from fusion of granule membranes with the canalicular membranes during the secretion process. There is no obvious relationship between lentil-PHA receptor sites and intramembranous particles.


Membrane junctions in the intermembrane space of mitochondria from mammalian tissues. There have been several reports describing paracrystalline arrays in the intermembrane space of mitochondria. On closer inspection these structures appear to be junctions of two adjoining membranes. There are two types. They can be formed between the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes (designated outer-inner membrane junctions) or between two cristal membranes (intercristal membrane junctions). In rat heart, adjoining membranes appeared associated via a central dense midline approximately 30 A wide. In rat kidney, the junction had a ladder-like appearance with electron-dense "bridges" approximately 80 A wide, spaced 130 A apart, connecting the adjoining membranes. We have investigated the conditions which favor the visualization of such structures in mitochondria. Heart mitochondria isolated rapidly from fresh tissue (within 30 min of death) contain membrane junctions in approximately 10-15% of the cross sections. This would indicate that the percentage of membrane junctions in the entire mitochondrion is far greater. Mitochondria isolated from heart tissue which was stored for 1 h at 0 degrees -4 degrees C showed an increased number of membrane junctions, so that 80% of the mitochondrial cross sections show membrane junctions. No membrane junctions are observed in mitochondria in rapidly fixed fresh tissue or in mitochondria isolated from tissue disrupted in fixative. Thus, the visualization of junctions in the intermembrane space of mitochondria appears to be dependent upon the storage of tissue after death. Membrane junctions can also be observed in mitochondria from other stored tissues such as skeletal muscle, kidney, and interstitial cells from large and small intestine. In each case, no such junctions are observed in these tissues when they are fixed immediately after removal from the animal. It would appear that most studies in the literature in which isolated mitochondria from tissues such as heart or kidney were used were carried out on mitochondria which contained membrane junctions. The presence of such structures does not significantly affect normal mitochondrial function in terms of respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation.


Mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ribosomes from Tetrahymena pyriformis. Correlative analysis by gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy. Mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ribosomes from Tetrahymena pyriformis have been isolated and studied by the techniques of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and electron microscopy used in conjunction. Although the two ribosome types show the same coefficient of sedimentation (80S) in sucrose gradients, they can be distinguished by gel electrophoresis: mitoribosomes migrate in a single band, considerably slower than the cytoribosome band. Electron microscope observations of negatively stained cytoribosomes show typical rounded or triangular profiles, about 275 x 230 A; mitoribosome profiles are much larger and clearly elongate, about 370 x 240 A. An electron-opaque spot delimits two nearly equal size subunits. In mixtures of mito- and cytoribosomes, each type can be recognized by its characteristic electrophoretic mobility and by its distinctive fine structure. Cytoribosomal 60S and 40S subunits each produce a distinct electrophoretic band. On the contrary, neither electrophoretic analysis, using a variety of conditions, nor electron microscopy is able to discern two different subunit types in the single 55S mitoribosomal subunit peak. Electrophoretic analysis of RNA shows that both ribosomal RNA species are present in the mitoribosomal subunit fraction. These results establish that mitoribosomes from T. pyriformis dissociate into two subunits endowed with the same sedimentation coefficient, the same electrophoretic mobility, and a similar morphology.


Effects of serum on membrane transport. II. Serum and the stimulation of adenosine transport, a possible mechanism. When monolayers of freshly obtained rabbit lung macrophages are exposed to the nucleoside analogue, showdomycin (sho), adenosine transport, measured over a 45 s interval, is irreversibly inhibited. Low doses of the drug or short periods of exposure, however, do not result in decreased transport, while higher concentrations or longer exposures result in exponential decline. The initial lag is not due to a long reaction time of sho with the transport carrier or to nonspecific sites absorbing the drug. Previously it was shown that preincubation of monolayers with normal rabbit serum (NRS) results in increased adenosine transport. When monolayers are first exposed to sho so as to inhibit transport to varying degrees and then incubated with NRS, transport is increased over the inhibited level. Several experiments make it unlikely that serum removes the drug from the cell surface in a nonspecific fashion. Moreover, serum given before, during, or after sho alters the dose response curve so that no shoulder is seen. One way to explain these results makes use of target theory: the adenosine transport system could be comprised mainly of "coupled" or "clustered" sites of which only one is active at any time as well as "hidden" sites which are inactive. When a site in a group is irreversibly inactivated by sho, another in the group becomes activated. Serum might activate or uncouple all sites and also cause the appearance of hidden sites, which previously neither transported nor bound sho.


Radium uptake by fresh water algae.

Radium uptake by fresh water algae.


Contribution to knowledge of factors participating in virulence of Listeria monocytogenes. I. Isolation and properties of the biologically active complex E.


Homogeneity of Rickettsia prowazeki E strain egg culture as to the capacity to increase virulence in passages on white mouse lungs.


The need for field-laboratory facilities for primate research.


The sensitive period and malformation syndrome produced by thalidomide in crab-eating monkey (Macaca fascicularis).


Two distinctive types of owl monkeys (Aotus).


The ABO blood groups in vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus pygerythrus F. Cuvier).


Vascular heterograft: human umbilical cord vein as an aortic substitute in baboon. A preliminary report.


Comparison of two early separation and weaning schedules of infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).


Lymphocyte transformation induced by culture media supplemented with primate serum.


Single toxic doses of 131-I: administration to Macaca mulatta. Preliminary report.


Depression of polymorph counts by various scrapie agents.


Enhancement of cerebral noradrenaline turnover by thyrotropin-releasing hormone.


Mechanisms for control of neural activity of the cerebral association cortex. I. The occurrence of augmenting potentials in the frontal granular cortex during stimulations of the nucleus medialis dorsalis.


Mechanisms for control of neural activity of the cerebral association cortex. II. The occurrence of recruiting type of potentials in the frontal granular cortex during stimulations of medial thalamus.


Post-prandial EEG synchronization in normal and hypothalamically lesioned rats.


Operant discrimination of interoceptive urinary bladder stimulation in the monkey.


Interocular reversal of up-down mirror images in pigeons.


Producing and interpreting experimental olfactory deficits.


Sleep induced by hypothalamic self-stimulation in cat.


Polymers in medicine.

Polymers in medicine.


Cardiac involvement in inherited disorders of metabolism.


Biopolymers: origin, chemistry, and biology.


Cis-trans-isomerism of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in aqueous solution.


Food poisoning due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus.


Immunological studies on human salivary albumin.


Effect of anti-cell and anti-axial filament sera on Leptospira.


The reaction of near-isogenic lines of flax to the rust fungus Melampsora lini. II. Biochemical studies.


Properties of genetically polymorphic isozymes of alcohol dehydrogenase in Drosophila melanogaster.


Alkaline phosphatase of Drosophila melanogaster. 3. Tyrosine-O-phosphate as substrate.


The relative quantities and catalytic activities of enzymes produced by alleles at the alcohol dehydrogenase locus in Drosophila melanogaster.


Pteridine diuretics as biopterin antagonists.


Preparation of human kininogen. 3. Enzymatic digestion and modification.


Effects of the mycotoxin sporidesmin on swelling and respiration of liver mitochondria.


The involvement of the disulphide group of sporidesmin in the action of the toxin on swelling and respiration of liver mitochondria.


Lymphographic appearances in Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia.


Eosinophillic granuloma of the lung with sawdust and horse protein hypersensitivity.


Experimental extrinsic allergic alveolitis induced in the guinea-pig with Streptomyces olivaceus.


Farmer's lung following inhalation of Aspergillus flavus growing in mouldy corn.


Persistent scabious nodules.

Persistent scabious nodules.


Mutagenicity experiments with the tranquillizer meprobamate in Drosophila melanogaster and in human leukocyte chromosomes in vitro.


Existence of two distinct hemolysins in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Two distinct hemolysins were demonstrated in Vibrio parahaemolyticus. A thermostable direct hemolysin purified from V. parahemolyticus WP-1, a Kanagawa phenomenon (KP)-positive strain, is antigenically different from a thermolabile hemolysin produced by V. parahaemolyticus T-3454, a KP-negative strain. The thermostable direct hemolysin was found in KP-positive strains but not in KP-negative strains. On the other hand, the thermolabile hemolysins were found in both KP-positive and -negative strains, although some KP-positive strains did not produce this hemolysin.


Assessment of germ tube dispersion activity of serum from experimental candidiasis: a new procedure for serodiagnosis. Germ tubes of Candida albicans and C. stellatoidea clump in normal serum but disperse in serum from animals infected with either species of Candida. A new procedure for the assessment of grades of germ tube dispersion activity of serum is presented; this procedure is to count the number of freely dispersed germ tubes in test serum into which a definite number of yeast-type C. albicans has been inoculated. The relationship between the serum activity and macroscopic lesions caused by candidal infection is observed, indicating the possibility of applying the phenomenon to the serodiagnosis of deep-seated candidiasis. The specificity and sensitivity of the test are also examined.


Enhanced in vitro phagocytosis of Listeria monocytogenes by human monocytes in the presence of ampicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. An in vitro system was developed to test the phagocytic activity of human macrophages grown from blood monocytes in the presence of the antibiotics ampicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. (3)H-labeled Listeria monocytogenes served as test organism. Subinhibitory amounts of the antibiotics enhanced the phagocytic activity significantly (P < 0.025). Macrophages pretreated with the drugs in identical concentrations showed the same phagocytic activity as control cells in the absence of the drugs. Because the drug concentrations used were similar to those that may be attained in man at certain places of inflammation, enhanced phagocytosis in the presence of antibiotics may have clinical significance.


Serological and cellular immune activity of peptidoglucomannan fractions of Candida albicans cell walls. A two-stage extraction of isolated cell walls of C. albicans resulted in 45% solubilization into antigens of high molecular weight leaving a wall residue which also had antigenic properties. Ice-cold dilute alkali removed 25% of the defatted cell walls. The extract was nondialyzable, had a glucose-to-mannose ratio of 2:3 and an amino acid content of 7.32%, and was designated peptidoglucomannan (PGM). An additional 26% of the walls resistant to stage I were solubilized by sonic treatment yielding a fraction having a glucose-to-mannose ratio of 6:1, termed soluble mannoglucan (sMG). The residue after extraction and sonic treatment contained 10.9% mannose, which was the insoluble mannoglucan. The gel permeation behavior of PGM and sMG on BioGel A5M was similar; each contained two components, one estimated to exceed 5 x 10(6) molecular weight and a second smaller species. The soluble cell wall fractions were active in immunodiffusion and carried antigenic group specificity. Immunoelectrophoresis of PGM, sMG, and mannan revealed some heterogeneity. The insoluble mannoglucan had agglutinating activity. A distinctive immunodiffusion pattern of cell wall antigens was formed with the serum of a leukemic patient with candidiasis. All three cell wall antigens and mannan elicited delayed-type hypersensitivity as measured by skin-test and specific inhibition of macrophage migration. A dose of 25 mug of PGM was sufficient to inhibit 89.9% migration in the peritoneal exudates of guinea pigs immunized with cell walls, and 10 mug of PGM inhibited 91.7% migration in guinea pigs immunized with insoluble mannoglucan.


Viability of L-phase variants after centrifugation. L-phase variants of several genera may be centrifuged with minimal, if any, loss of viability.


Differential attachment by piliated and nonpiliated Neisseria gonorrhoeae to human sperm. Piliated type 1 Neisseria gonorrhoeae attached to 50% of human sperm after incubation of mixtures in vitro for 15 min at 35 C. In contrast, nonpiliated type 4 N. gonorrhoeae attached to only 23% of sperm. Similar results were obtained with three different strains of N. gonorrhoeae. Treatment with heat or formaldehyde to kill bacteria did not affect the amount of attachment by piliated or nonpiliated types. Escherichia coli and N. subflava, other species of piliated bacteria, attached to about 40% of sperm, and the nonpiliated species N. meningitidis and N. catarrhalis attached to a comparable number of sperm, as did type 4 N. gonorrhoeae. Prior incubation of type 1 N. gonorrhoeae with purified antibody prepared against gonococcal pili reduced the percentage of sperm with attached bacteria to the same level as that for nonpiliated type 4 gonococci. Similar treatment of other piliated organisms or of nonpiliated Neisseria did not affect the attachment of the bacteria to sperm.


BCG antibody profiles in tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy. In sera from 12 patients with polar tuberculoid leprosy, 12 with subpolar tuberculoid leprosy, and 16 with lepromatous leprosy were demonstrated a total number of 125 anti-BCG precipitins by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel. Up to 14 different precipitins were found in individual sera, and the complexity in antibody response was higher than previously realized. The specificity of 69% of the antibodies was defined, and these antibodies were titrated in three arbitrary titer units. A highly significant difference (P < 0.002) was found in antibody response between the tuberculoid and the lepromatous group. Due to simplicity, sensitivity, and high resolution, the method used is a promising tool for providing exact data to be used as guidelines for purification of important individual mycobacterial antigens. The need for reference antisera is emphasized.


Rickettsial infectious antibody complexes: detection by antiglobulin plaque reduction technique. Rickettsia rickettsii and R. australis formed infectious antibody complexes when reacted with homologous convalescent serum. The addition of antiglobulin to these complexes showed neutralization of plaques proportional to the concentration of rickettsial immune serum.


Conization operation using an automated cutting device.


The treatment of pharyngeal pouch.

The treatment of pharyngeal pouch.


The rôle of zinc in promoting the opalescence and cold precipitation of boar seminal plasma. II. Relationship of a zinc-precipitable protein with the haemagglutinin.


Host DNA synthesis-suppressing factor in culture fluid of tissue cultures infected with measles virus. Host DNA synthesis is suppressed by the culture fluid of cell cultures infected with measles virus. This activity in the culture fluid is initiated somewhat later than the growth of infectious virus. Ninety percent of host DNA synthesis in HeLa cells is inhibited by culture fluid of 3-day-old cell cultures of Vero or HeLa cells infected with measles virus. This suppressing activity is not a property of the virion, but is due to nonvirion-associated component which shows none of the activities of measles virus such as hemagglutination, hemolysis, or cell fusion nor does it have the antigenicity of measles virus as tested by complement-fixation or hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody blocking tests. Neutralization of the activity of this component is not attained with the pooled sera of convalescent measles patients. This component has molecular weights of about 45,000, 20,000, and 3,000 and appears to be a heat-stable protein. The production of host DNA suppressing factor (DSF) is blocked by cycloheximide. Neither UV-inactivated nor antiserum-neutralized measles virus produce DSF. Furthermore, such activity of nonvirion-associated component is not detected in the culture fluid of cultures infected with other RNA viruses such as poliovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, or Sindbis virus.