Amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein in the antenatal diagnosis of neural tube defects.


The outer cell-wall membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Improved meals for geriatric patients.

Improved meals for geriatric patients.


Improved isolation and differentiation of enterococci in cheese. Further documentation of an enterococcus selective differential (ESD) medium was obtained in isolations from eight different cheeses. An improved differentiation of tetrazolium salt (2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium hydrochloride [TTC])-reducing strains of Streptococcus faecalis from TTC-nonreducing or TTC-faintly-reducing Streptococcus faecium was attained. The sensitivity of the medium was evaluated in comparison with that of KF streptococcal, Pfizer selective enterococcus (PSE), the medium of Reinbold, Swern, and Hussong (RSH), and the medium of Saraswat, Clark, and Reinbold (SCR). Selective counts, rate of colony formation, and ease of isolation and differentiation of colonies were examined. The specificity of the medium was also investigated. ESD supported the fastest rate of growth and the maximum size of colonies; counts in this medium were in most cases possible with 17 h of incubation, whereas the other media required 24 to 48 h. A presumptive identification of 1,077 isolates by four biochemical tests disclosed that SCR, RSH, and ESD selected high, comparable percentages of strains that approximated most closely the typical description of enterococci (66, 60.1, and 58%, respectively). Low percentages (21.1 and 30.7%) were yielded by KF and PSE. The utility of ESD for a rapid, presumptive identification of enterococci was confirmed by serological and biochemical testing of color TTC-differentiated colonies isolated from 18 cheeses.


Antiovulatory activity of the thyrotropin releasing hormone in the rat.


Follow-up study of 103 American soldiers who sustained a brain wound in Vietnam.


Non-oxygen induced retinitis proliferans and retinal detachment in full-term infants.


The oxygenase activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from Rhodospirillum rubrum.


Aminosugar-containing low molecular weight acidic compounds present in urine of normal children and of patients affected by mucopolysaccharidosis type II, 3 or IV.


Nonspecific urethritis.

Nonspecific urethritis.


Stempellia milleri sp. n. (Microsporida: Nosematidae) in the mosquito Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus Say.


Phosphorylase, 1,4-1,6-transglucosidase and UDPG-synthetase in lenses of different species.


The phospholipid-dependence of uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase. Effect of protein deficiency on the phospholipid composition and enzyme activity of rat liver microsomal fraction. After force-feeding a protein-free diet to male rats for 5-7 days a substantial (2.4-fold) increase in the specific activity of the liver microsomal enzyme UDP-glucuronyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.17) was observed. A similar activation of the enzyme occurred when rats were fed on a low-protein (5%, w/w, casein) diet for 60 days. Although both the short- and long-term protein-deficient diets decreased the contents of microsomal protein and phospholipid in liver tissue they did not significantly alter the ratio of these major membrane components. Protein deficiency profoundly altered the phospholipid composition of microsomal membranes. The most striking difference in microsomal phospholipid composition between control and protein-deficient rats was their content of lysophosphatides. Whereas microsomal membranes from protein-deficient rats contained significant proportions of lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine very little or no lysophosphatides were detected in control preparations. Pretreatment of microsomal fractions from normal rats with phospholipase A markedly increased their UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity as did their pretreatment with lysophosphatidylcholine. It is concluded that the quantities of lysophosphatides present in microsomal membranes from protein-deficient rats were sufficient to have caused the increased UDP-glucuronyltransferase activities of these preparations. Evidence is presented suggesting that these changes in microsomal phospholipid composition and UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity caused by protein deficiency reflect changes that occur in vivo. The possible physiological significance of these findings is discussed.


Scrapie.

Scrapie.


The pigment complement of the photosynthetic reaction center isolated from Rhodospirillum rubrum.


Norepinephrine and dopamine in the limbic system of the rat.


TRH potentiates behavioural changes following increased brain 5-hydroxytryptamine accumulation in rats.


The present situation of Japanese monkeys in their natural habitat.


EEG prediction of brain metastases. A controlled study with neuropathological confirmation. A retrospective study comparing the EEG findings of two groups of patients with primary systemic malignant disease (mainly bronchial carcinoma) was carried out. One group of 13 patients (20 EEGs) had proven supratentorial cerebral metastases at necropsy, some also subtentorial, and the other group of 10 patients (15 EEGs) had no cerebral involvement at necropsy. The latter group was studied to assess the possible confusing effects in the EEG of metabolic derangements and other factors which would interfere with accurate prediction of the presence of metastases. The EEGs were masked and assessed independently by two raters using a special proforma. They found that recordings from patients with cerebral metastases had persistent focal delta activity, intermittent focal or local delta activity, persistent or intermittent lateralized delta activity, monorhythmic frontal delta activity in the alert patient, as well as a higher frequency of post-central background rhythms. These factors predicted the presence of cerebral metastases (when they were 2 cm in diameter or larger) in 12 out of the 13 patients (four of these without localized neurological disorder), the EEGs being taken on average eight weeks before death. It is concluded that the EEG is valuable in the investigation of these patients.


The primate foveal local electroretinogram: an indicator of photoreceptor activity.


The preservation of substance and immunological activity of intra venously injected human IgG in the mouse liver. (Comparative studies on various tissue preparation and fixation methods).


The problems of correction of asymmetric mandibular prognathism.


The proteolytic enzymes of the K-1 strain of Steptomyces griseus obtained from a commerical preparation (pronase). Stabilization of the trypsin component by calcium and guanidine.


Streptococcus mutans endocarditis. Confusion with enterococcal endocarditis by routine laboratory testing.


A population screening for fetal sulfoglycoprotein antigen in gastric juice.


Oblique sliding osteotomy of the mandibular rami in 55 patients with mandibular prognathism.


A sequence analysis of 5 S rRNA from the blue-green alga Oscillatoria tenuis and a comparison of blue-green alga 5 S rRNA with those of bacterial and eukaryotic origin.


Super-active forms of placental lactogen and prolactin.


Tumor-bound immunoglobulins: their possible role in circumventing antitumor immunity.


Natural infection of cynomolgus monkeys with measles virus.


Interaction of chemical carcinogens with plasma membranes: the effect of dimethylaminoazobenzene on erythrocyte osmotic fragility.


An oral surgeon's experience with the intraosseous blade implant.


Natural resistance to infection in the neonatal sheep: comparison of the ability of colostrum-deprived, normally-suckled and passively-immunized lambs to localize Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.


Laboratory animals: principles, practice and prospects.


Separation, isolation, and immunological studies of the structural proteins of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. Three viral proteins were separated from the TC-83 strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus by discontinuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after disruption with sodium dodecyl sulfate and beta-2-mercaptoethanol. These proteins were inoculated into rabbits and the resultant antisera were tested for immunological activity by gel precipitation, plaque reduction neutralization, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), complement fixation, fluorescence microscopy, and mouse protection studies. All proteins were capable of stimulating precipitating antibody in rabbits, but the largest protein (VP 1), which is contained in the envelope, stimulated the production of detectable neutralizing and HI antibody against the intact virion. The other two proteins yielded little or no neutralizing or HI antibody.


Hyperbaric oxygen in total rehabilitation of patients with mandibular osteoradionecrosis.


Hypercalcaemia and mineralisation of non-osseous tissues in horses due to vitamin-D toxicity.


The reaction of anthramycin with DNA. II. Studies of kinetics and mechanism.


Comprehensive outpatient respiratory care: a program conducted in a suburban private practice.


The relationship between platelets and bacteria.


Suppressor-sensitive mutants and genetic map of Bacillus subtilis bacteriophage phi 29.


Fluorescent products and lysosomal components in aging Drosophila melanogaster.


Hydergine-thioridazine combination in the treatment of psychopathological states in old age.


Synergistic necrotizing myositis complicating vascular injury.


Arterial developmental anomalies of one hemisphere with inter- and intrahemispheric steal effects in neurofibromatosis (Recklinghausen's disease).


Viruria in man, an update.

Viruria in man, an update.


Distribution of ABO and Rh(D) phenotypes in Uganda.


Fimbrial haemagglutination by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.


Gastric emptying and secretion of bile acids, cholesterol, and pancreatic enzymes during digestion. Duodenal perfusion studies in healthy subjects.


Restriction by H-2 gene complex of transfer of cell-mediated immunity to Listeria monocytogenes.


Experiences in quarantine of imported monkeys.


Experimental bacteremia due to Pseudomonas in agranulocytic animals.


Experimental burn wound sepsis--evaluation of enzymatic debridement.


Experimental cerebral hemodynamics. Vasomotor tone, critical closing pressure, and vascular bed resistance.


Experimental choroidal detachments.

Experimental choroidal detachments.


Experimental infection of dogs and monkeys with two rabies serogroup viruses, Lagos bat and Mokola (IbAn 27377). Gross pathologic and histopathologic changes.


Experimental parathyroiditis in the rat by passive immunisation.


Experimental pneumonia due to Pseudomonas in dogs: controlled trial of granulocyte transfusion therapy.


Experimental primates in Asia. Usefulness of non-human primates: remarks from the user's viewpoint.


Experimental retinal detachment in owl monkeys. Effect of intravitreal hyaluronidase injection and embolization of the choroidal and retinal circulation.


Veterinary nuclear medicine.

Veterinary nuclear medicine.


Experimental toxoplasmosis in the stumptailed macaque (M. arctoides).


Exocrine pancreatic function tests in patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas).


Hyperlactataemia during intravenous feeding in childhood.


Intermediates in the replication of the mitochondrial DNA of Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Determinants of reversible asynergy. Effect of pathologic Q waves, coronary collaterals, and anatomic location.


Determination of the volume and surface area of Tetrahymena pyriformis, and their relationship to endocytosis.


External uterine palpation to identify stages of pregnancy in the marmoset, Saguinus fuscicollis SSP.


Anaerobic utilization of uric acid by some group D streptococci.


Sideroblastic anaemia presenting as monoarticular arthritis.


Arthrography of the knee after meniscectomy.


Filaroides cebus (Gebauer 1933)-parasitism and respiratory infections in Cebus apella.


The role of immunoglobulin in the neutralization of trachoma infectivity.


The roles of various biochemical effects produced by 5-fluorouracil in early growth inhibition of Bacillus cereus.


The role of Zn(II) in transcription by T7 RNA polymerase.


Rh prophylactic treatment during pregnancy. An attempt to select for treatment those at possible risk.


Arthropod-borne viruses in Australia and their relation to infection and disease.


Recurrent urinary tract infection. With persistent Wolffian duct masquerading as duplicated urethra.


Occurrence and localization of brain phenolsulphotransferase.


Gonorrhea in children and adolescents: a current review.


Tumors of neurons and their precursors.

Tumors of neurons and their precursors.


Importation of cynomolgus monkeys: a review.


Report on the differentiation of vascular wall smooth muscle cells with the aid of immunofluorescence.


Inverse relation between serum IgG concentration and glucose and xylose absorption in Zambian African adults. In three separate investigations in Zambian African adults in Lusaka an inverse association has been shown between serum IgG concentration and either glucose absorption rate from the jejunum (from a 200-mM solution) or xylose absorption (from a 25-g oral load). In developing areas of the world, where serum IgG concentrations are often high, this finding may have widespread nutritional implications.


Hyperthermia as a teratogenic agent.

Hyperthermia as a teratogenic agent. The common cotton-eared marmoset, a nonhuman primate with a narrow zone of thermoneutrality, was used in an experiment to assess the effects of hyperthermia as a teratogenic agent. Mild heat stress conditions were used. The results of this preliminary study justify further investigation of the effect of hyperthermia on the primate embryo during morphogenesis.


A virus-induced component of plant sap needed when aphids acquire potato virus Y from purified preparations.


Observations on non-pigmented haemosporidia of Brazilian lizards, including a new species of Saurocytozoon in Mabuya mabouya (Scincidae).


Gross conformation of human secretory immunoglobulin A and its component parts.


Roles of conglutinin, complement, and antibody size in the card agglutination test for bovine anaplasmosis.


Polysaccharide that may serve as a carbon and energy storage compound for sporulation in Bacillus cereus. An intracellular, glucose-containing polysaccharide accumulates in Bacillus cereus early in sporulation and is degraded at the time of spore maturation. This pattern of accumulation and degradation occurred when growth was limited by glucose or a component of yeast extract. These data suggest that the polysaccharide may be serving as a carbon and energy storage compound for sporulation. A somewhat similar pattern of accumulation and degradation of poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) was shown earlier by Kominek and Halvorson (1965) to occur in Bacillus cereus. When cells were grown in a medium buffered strongly at pH 7.4, however, very little accumulation of PHB occurred. We have found that polysaccharide accumulates in cells grown in both the strong and weakly buffered media. Perhaps polysaccharide is the major carbon and energy storage compound when cells are grown under conditions preventing significant accumulation of PHB. The lack of polysaccharide accumulation during the exponential phase of growth may be an indication that the needed biosynthetic enzymes are controlled by catabolite repression during growth. The polysaccharide was purified and found to consist of glucose. The iodine absorption spectrum suggests a degree of branching between that of glycogen and amylopectin.


A viscometric study of sputum glycoprotein aggregation.


Lipase activity of detergent-resistant phospholipase A in Escherichia coli.


The secretion of A,B,H and Lewis blood group substances in the gastric juice and saliva of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus, Kerr) and vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus pygerythrus, Cuvier.


Transfer factor therapy in a patient with chronic vaginal candidiasis.


Transfer of photosynthetically produced carbohydrate from endosymbiotic Chlorellae to Paramecium bursaria.


Tyrosinase in the skin of albino hamsters and mice.


Parasitic protozoa of the blood of rodents: a revision of Plasmodium berghei.


Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder associated with cyclophosphamide.


Glossitis of military working dogs in Vietnam: experimental production of tongue lesions.


A case of extradural meningioma treated successfully with high energy electron. A brief review of literature.


Translation of virus mRNA: synthesis of bacteriophage PP7 proteins in cell-free extracts from Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Adhesive tape: potential source of nosocomial bacteria. During a 7-day period, a variety of bacteria, including opportunistic ones, were recovered from 23 rolls of adhesive tape being used in a 16-bed intensive care unit. All rolls of tape were sterile when received from the manufacturer. Mixed flora was recovered from a total of 15 rolls, whereas eight rolls yielded pure cultures. Organisms recovered included Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and various species of Enterobacteriaceae. Although no illness or infection arising directly from contaminated adhesive tape has been documented, we feel that a potential source of infection has been identified. Most important is the fact that such tape may contaminate the hands of personnel who handle it. Also, the adhesive tape may directly contaminate a patient since it is widely used to secure artificial airways and various drainage tubes which results in the tape coming into close contact with the mucous membranes lining the patient's respiratory and urogenital tracts.


Autosomal dominant transmission of isolated growth hormone deficiency in iris-dental dysplasia (Rieger's syndrome).


Transoral surgical removal of a sialolith in the submandibular gland.


Transport capacity of median eminence: in vitro uptake of 3H-LRF.


Transport of material between brain extracellular fluid, brain cells and blood.


Assessment of the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of chemicals. Report of a WHO Scientific Group.


A test system for the biological safety cabinet. A simple, cheap and readily available test system for biological safety cabinets is described. It depends on the containment of an aerosol of Bacillus subtilis spores generated in a BIRD micronebulizer and the measurement of air flows with an anemometer. The system was set up to survey new equipment but equally valuable results have been obtained from tests during use. New units were often badly installed and used equipment was poorly maintained. It is suggested that any department which has a need for a biological safety cabinet must be in a position to test its function.


Resistance of bacterial protein synthesis to double-stranded RNA.


Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to aminoglycoside antibiotics.


Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillins and cephalosporins: reversal of intrinsic resistance with some chelating agents.


Investigations on alum-precipitated pyridine-extracted allergens. II. Sensitization studies in guinea pigs.


Intestinal manifestations of Fabry's disease.


Schistosomiasis in Nyanza Province, Kenya, 1 Rusinga Island.


The structural role of lipids in mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic reticulum membranes. Freeze-fracture electron microscopy studies.


The study of the mutagenic properties of an insecticide from the carbamate group--Sevin.


The substrate for integration in the central pain pathways.


A metabolic inquiry into the iridescent lysis of agar lawns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 227.


Crystallisation of a modified fibrinogen.


Bilateral fibrous hyperplasia of the palate.


Counterimmunoelectrophoresis: an adjunct to bacterial culture in the diagnosis of meningococcal meningitis.


Roentgen findings of pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy in the adult, with a note on cephalometric changes.


Growth and development of the fetal Rhesus monkey. V. Fatty acids of phospholipids in fetal lung.


Health care in the United Kingdom. The changing scene.


Growth hormone (GH)-releasing activity of TRH and GH-lowering effect of dopaminergic drugs in acromegaly: homogeneity in the two responses.


Growth of the peritrich Opercularia coarctata in axenic culture.


Spontaneous regression of cancer.

Spontaneous regression of cancer.


Diphtheria tox+ gene expressed in corynebacterium species other than C. diphtheriae.


Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity in diabetes mellitus and the effect of insulin on these cases.


Aleutian disease of mink.

Aleutian disease of mink.


Genetic location of two mutations affecting the lysyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase of Bacillus subtilis. Two mutations (lysS1 and lysS2), each independently resulting in a thermosensitive, lysyl-transfer RNA synthetase (l-lysine: tRNA ligase [adenosine 5'-monophosphate] EC 6.1.1.6), have been mapped on the Bacillus subtilis chromosome between purA16 (adenine requirement) and sul (sulfanilamide resistance). They are linked by transformation with sul (70 to 74% cotransfer) in the order purA16-lysS1-lysS2-sul. The mutant loci are either in the same gene or in two closely linked genes. They are not linked to the tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase structural gene or to the lys-1 locus.


Mitotic recombination maps in Drosophila melanogaster.


Genetic structure in the United Kingdom.


Genetic studies on hybrid populations. 3. Blood pressure in an American black community.


Genetic transformation of biosynthetically defective Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and chemically defined media were used in transformation tests of 51 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae which exhibited various biosynthetic defects when isolated from patients. These auxotrophic gonococci had one or more nutritional requirements involving proline, methionine, arginine, hypoxanthine, uracil, and thiamine pyrophosphate (THPP). DNA from a clinical isolate which did not require these compounds for growth on defined medium transformed each of the auxotrophic markers of all 51 recipient populations. Ten isolates had defects involving the synthesis of THPP; four strains (designated Thp(-)) had a growth requirement that was satisfied only by THPP, whereas the requirement of six strains (designated Thi(-)) was satisfied by either thiamine or THPP. DNA from Thp(-) donors elicited transformation of Thp(-) as well as Thi(-) recipients. Reciprocally, DNA from a Thi(-) donor transformed both Thi(-) and Thp(-) recipients. Furthermore, DNA from other auxotrophic gonococci had transforming activity for some phenotypically similar auxotrophic recipients. The findings indicate the existence of various nonidentical genetic defects which block reactions in the biosynthesis of proline, methionine, arginine, hypoxanthine, and THPP. Routine cultures from patients with gonorrhea were the source of these auxotrophic strains of N. gonorrhoeae; the various nutritional requirements were identified by a recently described system of gonococcal auxotyping. The transformation test results verify the hereditary basis of the auxotypes, establish that many different mutations exist in potentially virulent gonococci, and illustrate the value of these auxotrophic mutants for studies of the genetic structure and evolution of natural populations of gonococci.


Practicability of influenza surveillance by virus culture of children.


Identification of a nuclear protein matrix.


Identification of two plasmids determining resistance to tetracycline and to erythromycin in group D streptococcus.


Dilution curves studies in coumarin plasmas and in artificially depleted abnormal control plasmas.


Reaction of mucous membranes of the maxillary sinus and the nasal cavity to experimental periapical inflammation in monkeys.


Location of prophage H90 on the chromosome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO.


Additional applications of the hexagonal conformation to calcitonin, myoglobin and other proteins of known sequence.


Functionally stable osteosynthesis in the mandible.


Quantitative determination of polychlorinated biphenyls--a computer approach.


Quantitative distribution of Brucella antibody amongst immunoglobulin classes in vaccinated and infected cattle.


Reactivity of monkey erythrocytes in immune adherence.


Inactivation of soluble bovine milk galactosyltransferase (lactose synthetase) by sulfhydryl reagents and trypsin. Protection by substrates and products.


Treatment of acute gonococcal urethritis in Bangkok, Thailand.


Treatment of experimentally induced Pseudomonas aeruginosa otitis externa in the dog by lavage with EDTA-tromethamine-lysozyme.


Treatment of facial asymmetries by one-stage maxillary and mandibular bilateral osteotomies.


Serotonin distribution in the limbic system of the rat.


The tonotopic organization of the auditory thalamus of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).


Stentor tartari sp. n. from India.

Stentor tartari sp. n. from India.


Cryptosporidiosis in a calf.

Cryptosporidiosis in a calf.


Aflatoxin Q1: a major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 produced by human liver.


The transition from tadpole to frog haemoglobin during natural amphibian metamorphosis. II. Immunofluorescence studies.


The treatment of anterior communicating aneurysms by proximal anterior cerebral artery ligation.


The treatment of long standing bilateral fracture non- and mal-union in atrophic edentulous mandibles.


Electrocardiographic changes in Panamanian Rattus rattus naturally infected by Trypanosoma cruzi.


Electroencephalographic correlates of epilepsy in Nigerian children.


Electron microscopy of frog photoreceptor outer segments after fixation with aldehydes.


Electron probe x-ray analysis of siderosomes in haemarthrotic articular cartilage.


Electron therapy for intraocular tumours.


Rosette-forming T lymphocytes and cell-mediated immunity in malnutrition. The frequency of rosette-forming thymus-dependent lymphocytes was reduced in the peripheral blood of malnourished infants and children. The reduced frequency parallelled the impairment of delayed hypersensitivity response to 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene and decreased DNA synthesis by lymphocytes challenged with phytohaemagglutinin. The abnormalities were reversed on nutritional improvement.


Serotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Serotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Unusual manifestations of neurofibromatosis.


Evaluating the potential for occurrence of aflatoxins in black sunflower seeds.


Evaluation of nationwide health costs of air pollution and cigarette smoking.


Evaluation of commercially available antisera for serotyping of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Commercially available O antisera have been compared with a standard pyocine typing method in the investigation of 156 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A third of the strains belonged to serotypes 3 or 6 and 42.3% to pyocine type 1. Good differentiation of strains belonging to the predominant serotypes was achieved by pyocine typing. Although routine use of both methods provides a more complete discrimination between strains, the simplicity of serotyping renders it more suitable for use in the smaller laboratory, where only one method may be feasible. If desired, pyocine typing can be reserved for the strains which cannot be distinguished serologically.


Evaluation of a simple screening test for serum anti-trypsin activity.


Electron beam treatment of early glottic lesions.


Evaluation of specific protein analysis in a non-teaching hospital laboratory.


Evaluation of the gibbon (Hylobates lar lar) as a laboratory primate-use of gibbons.


Evaluation of the Gonosticon Dri Dot test in females with a low incidence of gonorrhea. A group of 765 females attending a Planned Parenthood Clinic was screened for gonorrhea by inoculating Thayer-Martin plates and Transgrow bottles with specimens from the cervix. Blood was obtained at the same time and tested for anti-gonococcal antibody by using the Gonosticon Dri Dot test. In this low-incidence group, 18 positive cultures were detected by culture on Thayer-Martin plates, whereas Transgrow detected only 15 positive cultures. Of the 18 patients with gonorrhea, 11 exhibited reactive serum (agglutination of the latex particles). In the total population, 64% of the patients had nonreactive serum (no agglutination) and negative cultures; 25% had reactive serum and negative cultures. When this latter group was subdivided on the basis of race, blacks and Latin Americans were found to have a higher incidence of reactive serum with a corresponding negative culture than was found in whites. Patients who were originally culture positive and nonreactive in the Gonosticon Test were retested; three out of four patients retested within 6 to 11 days after the initial screening had converted to a positive Gonosticon test.


A double-blind trial of vitamin E in angina pectoris.


Evaluation of thyroid status with "effective thyroxine ratio" (E.T.R.).


Conduction defects in the aging heart.

Conduction defects in the aging heart.


Production of extracellular substances by different virulent strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


A study of the relationship between Nocardia and Mycobacterium diernhoferi--a typical fast growing Mycobacterium.


Unique presence of 2-methylthio-ribosylzeatin in the transfer ribonucleic acid of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Tissue pyridoxal phosphate concentration and pyridoxaminephosphate oxidase activity in riboflavin deficiency in rats and man.


Tissue receptor for cholera exotoxin: structural requirements of G11 ganglioside in toxin binding and inactivation.


Influence of glyburide on the antidiuretic response induced by 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) in patients with pituitary diabetes insipidus.


A fluid system for the cultivation, light microscope examination and manipulation of obligate anaerobes.


Cellular antigens of staphylococci.

Cellular antigens of staphylococci.


Cellular mechanisms of urinary acidification.


Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis 168. Control of synthesis of alkaline phosphatase.


Sodium cromoglycate BP in the prevention of exercise-induced asthma.


Uncoupling of photophosphorylation in spinach chloroplasts by the ionophorous antibiotic A23187.


Disruption of human erythrocytes with 7-oxa-13-prostynoic acid.


Measurement of bound and free endotoxin by the Limulus assay.


Measurement of urinary fibrinogen-related material: methodologic aspects.


Mercury effects from chronic and acute doses on fixed-interval operant behavior of female squirrel monkeys.


Discussion of classification.

Discussion of classification.


The use of inactivators in the evaluation of disinfectants. Since the earliest days of disinfectant testing bacteriostatic effect has misled many workers in this field. This problem has long been appreciated by some and a considerable battery of neutralizers has been employed, often with great success. Other anti-bacteriostatic measures, used without control, fail to revive damaged though viable organisms.This paper sets out to describe some of the problems that are encountered in this confused field and the means whereby they may be overcome.


Computer calculations of dose for irregularly shaped fields for cobalt-60 and 6 MV photons.


Agglutination of Trypanosoma cruzi by concanavalin A.


The value of intravenous prostaglandin E2 after intra-uterine death.


The value of heparin in the hyperalimentation of infants and children with a fat emulsion.


Adjuvant treatment of blunt pancreatic trauma.


Activation of complement in anaphylactoid reactions in connection with infusion of dextran.


Pyruvate kinase of Streptococcus lactis. The kinetic properties of pyruvate kinase (ATP:pyruvate-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.40) from Streptococcus lactis have been investigated. Positive homotropic kinetics were observed with phosphoenolpyruvate and adenosine 5'-diphosphate, resulting in a sigmoid relationship between reaction velocity and substrate concentrations. This relationship was abolished with an excess of the heterotropic effector fructose-1,6-diphosphate, giving a typical Michaelis-Menten relationship. Increasing the concentration of fructose-1,6-diphosphate increased the apparent V(max) values and decreased the K(m) values for both substrates. Catalysis by pyruvate kinase proceeded optimally at pH 6.9 to 7.5 and was markedly inhibited by inorganic phosphate and sulfate ions. Under certain conditions adenosine 5'-triphosphate also caused inhibition. The K(m) values for phosphoenolpyruvate and adenosine 5'-diphosphate in the presence of 2 mM fructose-1,6-diphosphate were 0.17 mM and 1 mM, respectively. The concentration of fructose-1,6-diphosphate giving one-half maximal velocity with 2 mM phosphoenolpyruvate and 5 mM adenosine 5'-diphosphate was 0.07 mM. The intracellular concentrations of these metabolites (0.8 mM phosphoenolpyruvate, 2.4 mM adenosine 5'-diphosphate, and 18 mM fructose-1,6-diphosphate) suggest that the pyruvate kinase in S. lactis approaches maximal activity in exponentially growing cells. The role of pyruvate kinase in the regulation of the glycolytic pathway in lactic streptococci is discussed.


Activation of lipolytic activity in Streptococcus lactis by ultraviolet irradiation.


Active transport of choline by a marine pseudomonad. A marine pseudomonad, BAL-31, accumulates the phospholipid nitrogen base, choline, although no detectable amount of choline is incorporated into polar lipids. Metabolic inhibitors such as cyanide and azide block the uptake process as does starving for oxygen by using nitrogen gas. Only very close structural analogues show any inhibition of transport, indicating that the uptake process has great structural specificity. The export of choline out of the cells is also an energy-dependent process and is markedly reduced during oxygen depletion. The constitutive level of choline transport is increased by approximately a factor of three after a brief induction period. Two other gram-negative bacteria also accumulate choline, whereas a gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and a yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fail to show any detectable accumulation.


A novel combination of liquid chromatography and electron capture detection in the analysis of pesticides.


A review of some wild land mammals of Palawan, Republic of the Philippines.


The viruses of hepatitis.

The viruses of hepatitis.


The vitreous carbon tooth root replacement system: a surgical discipline.


A new fixation technique for the electron microscopic study of pulmonary surfactant.


A new method of gamma-ray osteodensitometry of the mandible.


A new species of Caryospora Léger, 1904 (Sporozoa: Eimeriidae) from an Australian snake.


A new type of sodium transport inhibitor in the toad bladder.


An experimental model of alcohol feeding and liver injury in the baboon.


Study of heat resistance in a bacterial nucleosidase.


Fatty liver and kidney syndrome in chicks. Effects on liver and kidney of diets causing the syndrome.


Study of oxacillin levels in human serum and lung tissue.


Study of the factors affecting the mutagenic activity of nitrosoethylurea.


Daily variations in the production of aflatoxins by Aspergillus flavus NRRL-3145 following exposure to 60 Co irradiation.


A fly's leap from paralysis.

A fly's leap from paralysis.


Assay, kinetics, and lysosomal localization of an acid cholesteryl esterase in rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells.


Six-year follow-up of glutaraldehyde-preserved heterografts. With particular reference to the treatment of congenital valve malformations.


Biosynthesis of thyrotropin releasing factor by newt (Triturus viridescens) brain in vitro. Isolation and characterization of thyrotropin releasing factor.


Analysis of pharmacokinetic properties of nine tetracycline analogues in dairy cows and ewes.


Analysis of the chromosome aberrations induced by x-rays in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. A technique has been perfected for enabling good microscope preparations to be obtained from the larval ganglia of Drosophila melanogaster. This system was then tested with X-rays and an extensive series of data was obtained on the chromosome aberrations induced in the various stages of the cell cycle.-The analysis of the results obtained offers the following points of interest: (1) There exists a difference in radio-sensitivity between the two sexes. The females constantly display a greater frequency of both chromosome and chromatid aberrations. They also display a greater frequency of spontaneous aberrations. (2) In both sexes the overall chromosome damage is greater in cells irradiated in stages G(2) and G(1). These two peaks of greater radiosensitivity are produced by a high frequency of terminal deletions and chromatid exchanges and by a high frequency of dicentrics, respectively. (3) The aberrations are not distributed at random among the various chromosomes. On the average, the Y chromosome is found to be more resistant and the breaks are preferentially localized in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of the X chromosome and of the autosomes. (4) Somatic pairing influences the frequency and type of the chromosome aberrations induced. In this system, such an arrangement of the chromosomes results in a high frequency of exchanges and dicentrics between homologous chromosomes and a low frequency of scorable translocations. Moreover, somatic pairing, probably by preventing the formation of looped regions in the interphase chromosomes, results in the almost total absence of intrachanges at both chromosome and chromatid level.


Ionizing radiations, genetic loads and population fitness, a review.


RH (D)-isoimmunization of Japanese women.


Myo-Inositol dehydrogenase(s) from Acetomonas oxydans. Optimization of conditions for solubilization of membrane-bound enzyme. Methods are described for the first reported successful isolation of the soluble form of the membrane-bound myo-inositol dehydrogenase(s) from Acetomonas oxydans. Conditions for optimum yields of active enzyme in a crude membrane-free protein extract were established. The relevant conditions are (a) cell rupture by solid-shearing, (b) solubilization of the complete 60000g pellet with sodium deoxycholate at pH7.2, (c) rapid separation of the released protein from sodium deoxycholate by gel chromatography.


The Kniest syndrome.

The Kniest syndrome.


The N-terminal amino acid sequence of Bacillus subtilis alpha-amylase.


Antigen specificity and immunogenic capacity of 3m KCl cell extracts from ascites tumour ATPCplus.


Immunological studies on a slow type bisalbuminae-mia (alloalbuminaemia).


Lead content of neuromuscular tissue in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: case report and other considerations.


Miliary tuberculosis twice.

Miliary tuberculosis twice.


The relationship of extrinsic and intrinsic metal ions to the specificity of a dipeptidase from Escherichia coli B.


Stereospecific irreversible inhibition of histidine ammonia-lyase by L-cysteine.


tRNA and tRNA aminoacyl synthetases of chloroplasts, mitochondria and cytoplasm from Euglena gracilis.


Actinomycin D binding to 37 RC and HeLa cell lines.


Isolation and purification of Rh(c) antigen.


Haemolysis of intact human erythrocytes by purified cobra venom phospholipase A2 in the presence of albumin and Ca2+.


The effect of catecholamines on ion transport in the toad bladder.


Protein and electroretinogram changes in the alleles of the norp AP12 Drosophila phototransduction mutant.


Some kinetic properties of M2-type pyruvate kinase from rat liver at physiological Mg2+ concentration.


Studies on the properties of peptide hydrolases in the brush-border and soluble fractions of small intestinal mucosa of rat and man.


Chicken alpha2-proteinase inhibitor: a serum protein homologous with ovoinhibitor of egg white.


Primary platelet aggregation. Energy metabolism and the effect of inhibitors.


Purification of human serum albumin by affinity chromatography.


Sequence of candicidin action on yeast cells.


Some hydrodynamic properties of spore peptidoglycan.


The immunological heterogeneity of the proteins extracted from Bos taurus erythrocyte membranes by EDTA.


The mechanism of iron exchange between synthetic iron chelators and rabbit reticulocytes.


Circle-elipse discrimination in monkeys: comparison of titration schedules with the method of limits.


Measurement of diffusion coefficients of meningococcal polysaccharide by optical mixing spectroscopy. I. A preliminary characterization on the aggregation of the group C polysaccharide.


Letter: Studies on the binding of amyloglucosidase to inert proteins.


An acquired inhibitor of fibrin stabilization associated with isoniazid therapy: clinical and biochemical observations.


Factor VIII immunological assay. An evaluation of several methods using whole plasma.


Effect of nitroglycerin on phosphorylase activity of the myocardium.


Letter: T.S.H. level and thyroid function.


Investigation of the action of a reducing agent on the effector functions of rabbit gamma G antibodies.


Letter: Post-partum rubella vaccination, anti-D immunoglobulin, and blood transfusion.


Letter: Safety and fibreoptic bronchoscopy.


Indications for systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in neutropenic patients. Four patients with malignant blood disease and neutropenia developed apparently localized infective lesions of the skin or conjunctiva from which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was cultured. In spite of appropriate local antimicrobial treatment all patients developed pseudomonas septicaemia within a short period and three died. It is argued that the isolation of pseudomonads from apparently localized lesions in patients with compromised antibacterial defences is an indication for systemic antibiotic therapy.


Prostatitis after urethritis in Singapore.


Neisseria meningitidis in urogenital infection.


Letter: Prepubertal gonorrhoea.

Letter: Prepubertal gonorrhoea.


East Coast fever: titration in cattle of suspensions of Theileria parva derived from ticks.


Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the skin of a dog: a case report.


A study on the effect of lysolecithin and phospholipase A on membrane-bound galactosyltransferase.


Characterization of the esterases of feline serum.


Template specificity and subunits of RNA polymerase from asporogenous mutants of Bacillus subtilis.


Recovery of SD chromosomes from Drosophila melanogaster males when heterozygous with structurally different second chromosomes.


A cytokinin oxidase in Zea mays.

A cytokinin oxidase in Zea mays.


Characteristics of the plasma disappearance of (3H)-thyrotropin-releasing hormone in the rat.


Surgery in premalignant lesions.

Surgery in premalignant lesions.


Effects of guanethidine and imidazole on histamine metabolism.


The isolation of Neisseria species from unusual sites. The isolation of N. gonorrhoeae from the pharynx of four patients and N. meningitidis from the genital tract of six patients is described. Sexual transmission seemed the most likely means of acquiring these organisms. Three out of four patients harbouring gonococci in the pharynx were asymptomatic, while four of six patients with genital meningococci were symptom-free. The isolation of meningococci from the genital tract coincided with an unusually high incidence of meningococcal disease in the community.


Diffuse plasma cell infiltration of the small intestine with malabsorption associated to IgA monoclonal gammapathy.


Lymphomatoid granulomatosis of the skin: light microscopic and ultrastructural studies.


IgG myeloma, Sia test, and serum hyperviscosity.


Spontaneous haemophilia in a genotypically normal female. A family study.


Disseminated intravascular coagulation during a fatal Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.


Serum concentrations of haptoglobin and hemopexin in favism and thalassemia.


Experimental study on haematotoxic and leukaemogenic effects of trichlorophone and dimethoate.


Study of post-splenectomy thrombocytopoiesis with 75Se-methionine in mice.


Functional characteristics of chronic monocytic "leukemia".


Solubilization and activation of mammalian melanoma particulate tyrosinase by lipase digestion.


Occurrence of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus in healthy rhesus monkeys.


Letter: Potential hazards associated with the use of 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea (NSC-23909).


An assay for iduronate sulfatase (Hunter corrective factor).


Biosynthesis of chondroitin sulfate. Purification of UDP-D-xylose:core protein beta-D-xylosyltransferase by affinity chromatography.


Cross-reactivity of the membrane teichoic acid of Streptococcus faecalis N.C.I.B. 8191 in antipneumococcal type XII and type XVI sera.


Central nervous system complications after combination treatment with adriamycin (NSC-123127) and 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide (NSC-45388).


The possible biological significance of Fc receptors on mammalian lymphocytes and tumor cells.


Relative activities of alpha-ecdysone and beta-ecdysone for the differentiation in vitro of Drosophila melanogaster imaginal discs.


A hemagglutination inhibition technique for detection of immunoglobulins in supernatants of human lymphoblastoid cell lines.


The program of protein synthesis during heterocyst differentiation in nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae.


Studies on the passage of alpha-chymotrypsin across the intestine. III. Quantitation of alpha-chymotrypsin in the mesenteric perfusate by single radial immunodiffusion.


Regional myocardial function during acute coronary artery occlusion and its modification by pharmacologic agents in the dog.


Constrictive pericarditis in childhood due to mediastinal irradiation.


Evaluation of the ability of echocardiography to measure acute alterations in left ventricular volume.


Maximum treadmill exercise electrocardiography in female patients.


Chagasic cardiopathy. Antibodies reacting with plasma membrane of striated muscle and endothelial cells.


Letter: The action of nitroglycerin.

Letter: The action of nitroglycerin.


Anaphylactic sensitivity to human seminal fluid.


Glutaraldehyde-pollen-tyrosine: clinical and immunological studies.


IgE--antibodies and skin test reactions to a detergent--enzyme in Swedish consumers.


Emergence of basophils at sites of local allergic reactions using a skin vesicle test.


A note on the estimation of thyroxine-binding parameters.


Measurement of ceruloplasmin from its oxidase activity in serum by use of o-dianisidine dihydrochloride.


Prolactin, TSH, LH and FSH responses to a combined LHRH-TRH test at different stages of the menstrual cycle.


Electromyography of oral-facial musculature in craniocarpaltarsal dysplasia (Freeman-Sheldon syndrome).


Absorption and decomposition of potassium-35S-phenoxymethyl penicillin.


A linkage study of phenylketonuria.

A linkage study of phenylketonuria.


Burns in children.

Burns in children.


Detection of mucopolysaccharidoses by sulphate incorporation into stimulated lymphocytes.


L-leucyl-and L-phenylalanyl-beta-naphthylamidase activities in the tissues of the sea mussel (Mytilus edulis L.).


Serum protein relationships among several species of Galapagos lava lizards (genus Tropidurus).


The soluble cuticular proteins form three arthropod species: Scylla serrata (Decapoda: Portunidae), Boophilus microplus (Acarina: Ixodidae) and Agrianome spinicollis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).


Staphylococcal alpha antitoxin and antibodies to extracellular antigens of staphylococci and micrococci in the serums of dairy cows.


Low-dose haloperidol as antiemetic treatment in gastrointestinal disorders: a double-blind study.


"Psychotropic" action of sex hormones: computerized EEG in establishing the immediate CNS effects of steroid hormones.


Psychomotor effects of a new CNS stimulant, Abbott 34519.


Controlled trial of guanethidine and methyldopa in moderate hypertension.


Circulatory effects of fenfluramine in obese hypertensive patients.


Arterial hypertension--northwest Florida public health survey. II. Diagnosis and treatment.


Pharmaceutics of cephapirin sodium (Cefadyl) a new semisynthetic cephalosporin - part III.


Psychological characteristics of long-term mental patients: some implications for treatment.


A system for clinical drug development in the United States.


A double-blind comparison of pimozide vs. trifluoperazine in schizophrenic outpatients.


The effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on snake venom toxicity in vivo and on the efficacy of antivenins.


A comparison of the relative clinical efficacy of two chlorpromazine (CPZ) preparations.


Minocycline administered intravenously: pharmacological activity and clinical experience.


Pharmacokinetics of cefazolin, a new cephalosporin antibiotic, in normal and uraemic patients.


Antihypertensive effects of metolazone (zaroxolyn).


Long-term effect of halofenate on serum lipids.


Comparative study of bufexamac (Droxaryl) ointment and of its excipient on psoriasis cases: double-blind test.


Etiology and management of intestinal gas.


Acetaminophen with codeine for the relief of severe pain in postpartum patients.


The effect of Ru-Vert and its components on post-rotatory motor performance.


Treatment of musculoskeletal pain and associated anxiety with an ethoheptazine-aspirin-meprobamate combination (equagesic): a controlled study.


Comparison of triazolam, flurazepam and placebo as hypnotic agents in pre-surgical patients.


Triazolam: a new benzodiazepine hypnotic and its effect on mood.


A transcultural study with clomacran: comparison of two assessment methods.


Comparison of thiopropazate and trifluoperazine on oral dyskinesia - a double blind study.


A double-blind comparison of pimozide and chlorpromazine in the maintenance care of chronic schizophrenic outpatients.


Sex-chromosome replication in blood cells of XX-XY chimeric marmosets.


Serum protein paper electrophoresis in cystic fibrosis correlated with bacteriological lung findings.


Restoration of regional wall motion by nitroglycerin therapy in patients with left ventricular asynergy.


Experimental study for rapid sterilization of the flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope.


Pulmonary monosporosis: report of a case with precipitating antibody.


Spontaneous chromosome rearrangements in an established cell line of Drosophila melanogaster.


Initial phases of DNA synthesis in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Differential participation in replication of the X chromosomes in males and females.


Replicating DNA molecules from fertilized eggs of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera).


The metabolic fate of cyclophosphamide.

The metabolic fate of cyclophosphamide.


An assay for growth hormone and prolactin-releasing activities using a bovine pituitary cell culture system.


In vivo effects of prostaglandins on TRH-induced TSH secretion.


Effect of catecholamines on the TRH-stimulated release of prolactin and growth hormone from sheep pituitaries in vitro.


The effects of carbamazepine on patients with psychomotor epilepsy: results of a double-blind study.


The effect of subpial vertical cortical incisions on a cobalt-gelatin focus.


Circulatory and respiratory changes in spontaneous epileptic seizures in man.


Dispersion pattern of visual evoked responses in epilepsy.


Optimal antibiotic therapy for infections in patients with cancer: prospects for the future.


Changing patterns of infection in cancer patients.


Administration of carbenicillin and ticarcillin--pharmaceutical aspects.


Antipseudomonal drugs: comparative study of gentamicin, sisomicin and tobramycin in vitro and in human volunteers.


The dynamic state of the macrophage plasma membrane. Attachment and fate of immunoglobulin, antigen and lectins.


An allotypic marker on chicken immunoglobulin M.


Interference of oral immunization with the intestinal absorption of heterologous albumin.


Inhibition of mitogenic stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibodies. I. Mode of action.


IgD and IgM on the membrane of lymphoid cells in macroglobulinemia. Evidence for identity of membrane IgD and IgM antibody activity in a case with anti-IgG receptors.


The in vivo effects of concanavalin A on the cellular immune response in BALB-c mice. Inhibition of the delayed hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculin.


Ontogeny and localization of gamma-crystallins in Rana temporaria, Ambystoma mexicanum and Pleurodeles waltlii normal lens development.


Membrane 32P-phospholipid labeling in early developing toad embryos.


Trypanosoma cruzi: morphogenesis in diffusion chambers in the mouse peritoneal cavity and attempted stimulation of host immunity.


The amino acid sequence and predicted structure of Streptomyces griseus protease A.


Schistosoma mansoni: mechanism of cercarial tail loss and its significance to host penetration.


Biogenic amine specificity of cortical peptide synthesis in monkey brain.


Immobilization of ligands for biospecific affinity chromatography via their hydroxyl groups. The cyclohexaamylose-beta-amylase system.


The correlation between the apparent molecular weight and the enzymic activity of lactose synthetase.


Precipitating antibodies directed against soluble elastin - the basis of a sensitive assay.


Glycollate formation and excretion by the purple photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum.


Transformation of organic compounds by microbial enzymes.


The surfactant system of the lung.

The surfactant system of the lung.


Clinically useful antibiotics obtained by directed chemical modification-lincomycins.


The synthesis and activity of tyrosinase during development of the frog Rana pipiens.


Transcriptionally dependent accumulation of tyrosinase polyribosomes during frog embryonic development and its relationship to neural plate induction.


Esophagoscopy as a source of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis in patients with acute leukemia: the need for sterilization of endoscopes.


Role of oral intake in maintenance of gut mass and disaccharide activity.


Role of lysosomes in carrageenan-induced cecal ulceration.


Kaposi's sarcoma presenting with diarrhea and protein-losing enteropathy.


Adenine nucleotide metabolism in regenerative, atrophic, and necrotizing processes of the liver.


Effect of TSH and long-acting thyroid stimulator on thyroid 131I-metabolism and metamorphosis of the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).


The role of TRH in the neoteny of the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum).


Effect of glucose on vanillic acid oxidation in Cellulomonas sp.


Changes in the level and character of colostral immunoglobulins during the lactation period in sows.


D-amino acids in the cell pool of bacteria.


Distribution of interindividual distances in patas monkeys and gelada baboons. Species and sex differences.


Activity patterns of red colobus (Colobus badius tephrosceles).


An analysis of subgroup structure and process in a captive squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) colony.


Ecology and population dynamics of Colobus guereza in Ethiopia.


The behavioral repertoire of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri).


Visual acuity as a function of wavelength in three Catarrhine species.


Aflatoxins and sterigmatocystins.

Aflatoxins and sterigmatocystins.


The antibiotic complex of the verrucarins and roridins.


Evidence that glyburide-induced diuresis is not mediated by inhibition of ADH.


Influence of Ca2 ions on the activity of human liver glutamate dehydrogenase.


Purification and some properties of a heat labile serum factor (UP); identity with glycine-rich beta-glycoprotein and properdin factor B.


A combination of micro-disc electrophoresis with antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis. Identification and quantitative determination of individual serumproteins.


The suitability of lipase from Rhizopus arrhizus delemar for analysis of fatty acid distribution in dihexosyl diglycerides, phospholipids and plant sulfolipids.


The amino acid sequences of the alpha and beta polypeptide chains of adult hemoglobin of the savannah monkey (Cereopithecus aethiops).


The chemical modification of peptide antibiotics. Part II. The relative roles of ethanolamine and indole groupings in the biological activity of gramicidin.


Reassociation of IgM subunits in the presence and absence of J chain.


Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): activity of meconium and normal colon extracts.


IgA as a blocking factor in human malignant melanoma.


Cryoproteins in acute serum sickness: correlations between antigen cryoprecipitation, immune complexes and immune elimination in acute experimental serum sickness.


Immunosuppressive activity of mouse amniotic fluid. Immunosuppressive activity of mouse amniotic fluid was investigated.  Swiss mice were treated from birth through young adulthood with intraperitoneal injections of homologous mouse amniotic fluid.  A marked suppression of the primary splenic plaque-forming cells antibody response to sheep red blood cells was demonstrated.  A pronounced suppressive effect by amniotic fluid was noted on the gamma A and gamma G plaque-forming cells, with variable degrees of immunosuppression observed on the gamma M response.  It is postulated that the immunosuppressive effect of amniotic fluid may be related to its alpha-fetoprotein content.


Bypass-activation of the complement system starting with C3. I. Generation and function of an enzyme from a factor of guinea-pig serum and cobra venom.


Intestinal secretion of immunoglobulins in the preruminant calf.


The influence of preparturient intramammary vaccination on immunoglobulin levels in bovine mammary secretions.


Angiokeratoma.

Angiokeratoma.


Studies on Pseudomonas biomass obtained from petroleum fractions.


IgG heavy chain sub-classes in mixed cryoglobulins.


Mental retardation in children. III. Tay-Sachs disease and infantile lipid storage disorders with visceral involvement.


Local antibody production in experimental pyelonephritis: amount, avidity, and immunoglobulin class. LOCAL ANTIBODY FORMATION IN INFECTED RABBIT KIDNEYS WAS STUDIED WITH THREE TECHNIQUES: the ammonium sulfate precipitation technique, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and by binding of newly synthesized (14)C-labeled antibodies to heat-killed bacteria. Local antibody was detected by day 11 of infection with all three techniques, and a significant correlation was found in titers by all three methods. In these studies, antibody synthesized early was in IgG and IgA class, whereas IgM antibodies appeared later (day 20) in the antibody response. No maturation of avidity of local antibody was noted with time. Since it was necessary to use different animals at each test occasion, individual differences in avidity could account for failure to note an increase in avidity with time.


Virulence and the role of iron in Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. The virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be enhanced by passage in mice or rabbits. Enhanced virulence has some specificity for the host in which the passage is done. Experimental infection in the peritoneal cavity of cannulated rabbits has shown that the injection of iron compounds can lead to a rapid and fatal growth of an otherwise nonlethal dose of bacteria. In vitro the unsaturated iron-binding proteins present in the peritoneal fluid can halve the growth rate of P. aeruginosa. The restricted rate of growth is restored to normal if the iron-binding proteins are saturated with iron. Exactly the same results are achieved with purified transferrin. Both fatal and nonfatal infections with P. aeruginosa cause a sharp fall in the percentage of saturation with Fe of the plasma and peritoneal fluid. In both normal and infected animals the peritoneal fluid is invariably less saturated than the plasma. Specific antiserum not only protects against death but also against the fall in iron saturation of the plasma and peritoneal fluid. In both fatal and nonfatal infections a high proportion of viable bacteria are unphagocytized in the peritoneal cavity.


Local antibody production against the murine toxin of Yersinia pestis in a golf ball-induced granuloma. The method of Garra and Baygorria, for localized antibody production, has been adapted for obtaining high-titered and monospecific antibodies against the murine toxin of Yersinia pestis. A hollow, perforated plastic golf ball surgically implanted under the skin of rabbits induced the formation of a granuloma. When the murine toxin of Y. pestis was injected directly into the granulomatous cavity, an increased amount of antibody was found in the granuloma fluid as compared with serum or with serum antibody obtained by conventional immunization. The granuloma antibody consisted mainly of immunoglobulin G, probably produced locally by lymphoid cells of the granuloma. The immune granuloma fluid and the granuloma tissue were rich in plasma cells and lymphocytes. The chemical composition of the granuloma fluid indicated that it was a transudate.


Growth inhibition among strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae due to production of inhibitory free fatty acids and lysophosphatidylethanolamine: absence of bacteriocins. Each of 50 tested strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae produced growth-inhibitory substances that were active against most strains of gonococci or meningococci, but not against species other than the Neisseria. There were quantitative differences among different strains in production of the inhibitor and sensitivity to it, but not of sufficient magnitude to permit routine strain typing. The inhibitor was associated with the cell pellet (crude cell envelope) and was not inducible with mitomycin C. Inhibitory activity was thermostable and resisted alkali and proteolytic enzymes. The inhibitor was quantitatively recovered from whole cells by chloroform-methanol extraction. Separation of total gonococcal lipids by silica gel chromatography revealed inhibitory activity in both the free fatty acid and the phospholipid fractions. The major phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, had no inhibitory activity, but monoacyl phosphatidylethanolamine, a minor phospholipid, was quite inhibitory. It is likely that the "bacteriocin" of N. gonorrhoeae strains results from the degradation of phosphatidylethanolamine to inhibitory long-chain free fatty acids and monoacyl phosphatidylethanolamine.


Lipid metabolism of monkey kidney cells (LLC-MK-2) infected with Chlamydia trachomatis strain lymphogranuloma venereum. Lipid metabolism of monkey kidney (LLC-MK-2) cells and cells infected with a Chlamydia trachomatis strain lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) was studied. The protein-to-lipid ratio of normal MK-2 cells was found to increase linearly over a 60-h period of incubation. The protein-to-lipid ratio of the infected cells was similar to that in normal cells until 36 h after infection, when a plateau in the ratio was observed. Lipid synthesis of the infected cells was found to be inhibited after 48 h of infection. Turnover of host lipids did not appear to be markedly altered by infection with LGV over a 48-h period of incubation. An anteiso branched chain of 15:0 fatty acid was found in infected cells but not in normal cells. The appearance of this fatty acid, correlated with a rise in the infectivity of LGV, suggests that synthesis of specific lipids was associated with the infection.


Inflammatory lymphocyte in cell-mediated antibacterial immunity: factors governing the accumulation of mediator T cells in peritoneal exudates. The lymphocytes which mediate immunity to infection with Listeria monocytogenes in the mouse accumulated in casein-induced peritoneal exudates. They were T cells, as evidenced by their susceptibility to anti-theta serum, but some were also destroyed by anti-immunoglobulin serum. For a given number of cells, exudate cells were at least six times more efficient than spleen cells in protecting normal recipients against lethal challenge. The extent to which mediator cells accumulated in exudates was found to be governed by the level of their production in responding lymphoid tissue and by the time available for them to migrate into an exudate. An intraperitoneal injection of casein at any stage of infection resulted in a progressive accumulation of mediator cells that continued for 3 days. The accumulation was not caused by continuous entry of cells during the whole of this period, but resulted from division of a limited number of cells that entered during the first 24 h. Accumulation of mediator cells in an exudate was associated with the conversion of a population of dividing cells into a population of nondividing T cells with a relatively short life-span.


Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by hyperbaric oxygen: interaction with mouse peritoneal exudate cells. High-pressure oxygen (HPO) therapy for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections of burn wounds has not been as effective as in vitro studies predicted. Mitigation of HPO toxicity for P. aeruginosa by nutrients present at the burn site could explain the lack of in vivo success. Alternatively, HPO-induced depression of host defense mechanisms could negate beneficial effects arising from HPOs known toxicity for P. aeruginosa. Accordingly, mouse peritoneal exudate cells (PEC), preincubated for 24 h in 1 atm of air-CO(2), were used to study the in vitro effects of HPO or air-CO(2) on phagocytosis of P. aeruginosa or sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). Subsequent 2-h exposures of PEC to increasing numbers of bacteria, in an air-CO(2) atmosphere, decreased the percentage of bacteria cleared as well as PEC viability. Similar exposures of PEC to bacteria in an HPO atmosphere prevented the loss of PEC viability and increased bacterial clearance. In control experiments, increasing the number of SRBC relative to PEC decreased the percentage of SRBC cleared without decreasing PEC viability, as determined under air-CO(2); short (2 h) exposure to HPO did not affect SRBC clearance. Microscopic examination of PEC indicated that a 24-h preincubation in HPO decreased the percentage of PEC which could ingest SRBC during subsequent experimental exposures (2 h) to air-CO(2) or HPO. These data suggest that short periods of exposure to HPO promote the ability of PEC to clear pseudomonads by adversely affecting the bacteria. This in turn prevents a pseudomonad-induced depression of PEC viability and function. In contrast, prolonged HPO exposure may be detrimental to phagocytic activity.


Protein fraction with immunogenic potential and low toxicity isolated from the cell wall of Neisseria meningitidis group B. Several fractions were extracted from the cell envelope (CE) of Neisseria meningitidis group B and characterized with regard to their morphology, antigenicity, protein composition, and toxicity. Whole bacterial cells were suspended in a medium of low ionic strength and disrupted in a French pressure cell. The crude CE thus obtained were separated into cell membrane (CM) enriched and cell wall (CW) enriched fractions on sucrose density gradients. In addition, CM and CW fractions were separated from CE on the basis of differential solubility in the nonionic detergent, Triton X-100. The Triton-insoluble fraction, containing primarily CW components, was further treated with a mixture of Triton and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, which was shown to remove additional protein and most of the lipopolysaccharide. Electron microscope examination of the various fractions revealed typical unit membrane structures in the case of CM, or large, open segments in the case of CW. The Triton-insoluble and especially the Triton-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-insoluble fractions consisted of small vesicular structures. All fractions, except the Triton-soluble fraction, when assayed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were shown to contain one major protein component accounting for more than 50% of the total. Sera from rabbits immunized with the various fractions formed precipitin lines in immunodiffusion tests against the homologous and some of the heterologous fractions. High-titer bactericidal antibodies were also demonstrated in these sera when tested against the homologous strains. Toxicity studies in rats sensitized with lead acetate indicate that the level of contamination of Triton-insoluble/Triton-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-insoluble fractions with lipopolysaccharide was significantly smaller than that of the other fractions.


Studies on gonococcus infection. VI. Electron microscopic study on in vitro phagocytosis of gonococci by human leukocytes. The ingestion of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by isolated human leukocytes in vitro has been studied by electron microscopy. Use of the modified critical-point drying method allows clear visualization of progressive ingestion of both pilated and nonpilated gonococci by leukocytes. Incomplete ingestion of pilated gonococci with protrusion of tangled masses of pili from sites of phagocytosis are also found.


Studies on gonococcus infection. V. Observations on in vitro interactions of gonococci and human neutrophils. The association of in vitro human leukocytes with pilated, type 2 Neisseria gonorrhoeae exceeds that for nonpilated, type 4 organisms but is less than that for nonpilated, type 4(*) gonococci. The two nonpilated forms of gonococci (types 4 and 4(*)) attach to tissue culture cells to a much lesser extent than do pilated, type 2 organisms of the same strain. Trypsin treatment of either pilated (type 2) or nonpilated (type 4(*)) gonococci markedly reduces the attachment-ingestion of these organisms with leukocytes, but the same trypsin treatment does not depilate the type 2 organisms nor visibly alter the morphology of their pili. Similar reductions in association with leukocytes are found if the gonococci are pretreated with chymotrypsin, heat, or glutaraldehyde. High levels of association between gonococci and leukocytes are reestablished if the trypsin or chymotrypsin-treated organisms are reincubated in protease-free medium. These data suggest that interactions between gonococci and human neutrophils are mediated through surface characteristics of the bacteria, different from those which influence attachment of the organisms to tissue culture cells. In the latter instance, pili appear to positively influence gonococcal attachment, whereas in the former a nonpilus bacterial cell wall nonpilus protein is probably the major determiner in the interaction between leukocytes and gonococci.


Characterization of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Five of six independent gonococcal isolates have been found to harbor a plasmid pool of covalently closed-circular deoxyribonucleic acid about 2.4 x 10(6) daltons in size. The plasmid species were 0.5-mol fraction of guanine plus cytosine and comprised 6 to 8% of the total gonococcal deoxyribonucleic acid equivalent, to approximately 24 to 32 copies per cell. There was no apparent correlation between the presence of these plasmid species and the in vitro clonal variation of gonococci associated with the loss of pili.


Synergistic action of cord factor and mycobacterial sulfatides on mitochondria. The mechanism of a synergistic toxicity of 6,6'-dimycoloyl-alpha,alpha'-d-trehalose (cord factor) and 2,3,6,6'-tetraacyl-alpha,alpha'-d-trehalose 2'-sulfate (sulfolipid I) for mice was studied. Sulfolipid I was entirely nontoxic, but it markedly accelerated the lethal toxicity of cord factor for mice. In vivo, sulfolipid I affected neither respiration nor accompanying phosphorylation of mouse liver mitochondria, whereas in vitro, it induced a swelling and disruption of mitochondrial membranes and strongly inhibited mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. The effect of sulfolipid I on mitochondrial structure and function in vitro was neutralized by bovine serum albumin and various animal sera, whereas that of cord factor and cord factor plus sulfolipid I was not prevented by bovine serum albumin. The simultaneous injection of cord factor and sulfolipid I caused an intensive fragmentation of mitochondria and a marked decrease in respiratory and phosphorylative activity in mitochondria. These data indicate that sulfolipid I can achieve an effective attack on mitochondria in combination with cord factor in vivo and induces heavier damage in mitochondrial structure and function than that produced by cord factor alone.


Purification and some properties of progenitor toxins of Clostridium botulinum type B. Purification of progenitor toxin of Clostridium botulinum type B strain Okra was undertaken by sequential steps of acid precipitation, extraction, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ribonuclease digestion, acid precipitation, protamine treatment, sulphopropyl-Sephadex chromatography, and Sephadex G-200 gel filtration. Two different molecular-sized toxins, named large (L) and medium (M) toxins, were obtained. L toxin was centrifugally homogeneous but electrophoretically heterogeneous. It contained 2.5 x 10(8) to 3.0 x 10(8) mean lethal doses per mg of nitrogen, and its sedimentation constant was 16S. M toxin was centrifugally and electrophoretically homogeneous. It contained 5.5 x 10(8) to 6.0 x 10(8) mean lethal doses per mg of nitrogen, and its sedimentation constant was 12S. The presence of both L and M toxins in spent culture was demonstrated. It seems justified, therefore, to call both progenitor toxins. Both consisted of toxic and nontoxic components. The toxic components of L and M toxins appeared to be identical with each other. The nontoxic component of L toxin was 12S and possessed a hemagglutinin activity of about 0.5% that of type A crystalline toxin; that of M toxin was 7S and possessed no hemagglutinin activity. They were antigenically related but not identical.


Strain virulence and the lysosomal response in macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Strains H37Ra and H37Rv, attenuated and virulent variants, respectively, of the original human strain H37 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, were used to infect cultures of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Bacterial viability of each strain was assessed over a 2-week period, and the cellular response to H37Ra during the first week was observed using electron microscopy. Prelabeling of secondary lysosomes with ferritin was used to facilitate the estimation of fusion of the lysosomes with phagosomes containing the bacteria. Streptomycin was excluded from the medium of cell cultures infected with H37Ra. The intracellular viability of strain H37Rv (in the presence of streptomycin) showed a lag during the first week after infection and then rose progressively to a mean figure seven times the starting level. In contrast, the viability of strain H37Ra declined, on the average, to one-fifth of the starting level during the first week; moreover, this decline occurred in the absence of antibiotics. In the second week a variable rise in the viable count took place, usually regaining the starting level. Electron microscopy of macrophages infected with H37Ra revealed a higher proportion of "damaged" bacteria 5 days after infection than at 1 day, in keeping with the decline in viability. Phagosomes containing these "damaged" (and presumed dead) organisms showed virtually universal fusion with prelabeled lysosomes. Phagosomes containing "intact" bacteria of this strain showed a prevalence of fusion varying from 38 to 56%, somewhat higher than the level previously reported for "intact" organisms of H37Rv. Nevertheless, the lysosome-phagosome fusion response to "intact" H37Ra was still far less extensive than that observed previously towards "intact" M. lepraemurium (around 90%). In conclusion, a difference between the macrophage lysosome-phagosome fusion response towards viable organisms of strain H37Ra and to the virulent strain H37Rv was observed, but was not pronounced, and the present findings are in keeping with the increasingly held view that H37Ra should be regarded as a low-virulence or attenuated strain rather than truly avirulent.


Cellular immune activity of a galactomannan-protein complex from mycelia of Histoplasma capsulatum. A galactomannan-protein complex was extracted from defatted mycelium of Histoplasma capsulatum with 0.25 N alkali at 25 C. It accounted for 7.5% of the cell dry weight in nondialyzable form and had a galactose-mannose ratio of 2:5. The complex containing 68% protein was separated into polysaccharide and glycoprotein components by ion-exchange chromatography. The galactomannan formed a single precipitate in immunodiffusion, sharing a common antigen with the glycoprotein which contained two precipitating antigens. The glycoprotein elicited delayed-type hypersensitivity in guinea pigs as measured by skin-test and macrophage migration inhibitory factor assay, with 5 mug resulting in 86% specific inhibition. The galactomannan was skin-test negative, but 10 mug resulted in 80% specific inhibition of migration.


Role of interferon in six cell lines persistently infected with rubella virus. Presistent infections with rubella virus were established in baby hamster kidney, BSC-1, HeLa, RK-13, rabbit embryo chondrocyte, and Vero cell lines. All of the cultures except Vero continually produced rubella virus and interferon to which the virus was sensitive. Concurrently, only the Vero cells did not display interference against superinfection with Newcastle disease and vesicular stomatitis viruses. The addition of 1,000 U of exogenous interferon to the cultures cured only the rabbit embryo and Vero cells of the persistent infection. That the interferon is not required for the initiation and maintenance of rubella viral persistence in vitro is implied by the following. (1) Vero cells were persistently infected in the absence of interferon; (2) actinomycin D or cortisone inhibited interferon synthesis but not the rubella viral infection; and (3) cells continuously cultured in the presence of cortisone maintained a viral persistence without interferon synthesis. On the other hand, interferon seems to be responsible for the viral interference; Vero cells infected with rubella virus and cultures inoculated with rubella virus in the presence of actinomycin D or cortisone did not display interference against Newcastle disease or vesicular stomatitis viruses.


Growth of typhoid and paratyphoid bacilli in intravenously infected mice. The in vivo growth of Salmonella paratyphi A, S. paratyphi B, S. paratyphi C, and S. typhi, as well as of an S. typhi-typhimurium hybrid, was studied in three different strains of mice. S. paratyphi A and B and S. typhi demonstrated very little growth potential in any of the intravenously infected mice, even after as many as 20 serial mouse passages. It was noted, however, that small numbers of viable S. paratyphi B and S. typhi persisted in the spleens of infected mice for up to 28 days. Salmonella paratyphi C and the S. typhi-typhimurium hybrid gave rise to progressive systemic infections beginning from very small intravenous inocula. The median lethal doses for the C57B1 strain of mouse were about five organisms. The relevance of these findings with regard to the development of an animal model for studying human typhoid fever vaccines is discussed.


Demonstration of the phenomena of microbial persistence and reversion with bacterial L-forms in human embryonic kidney cells. A series of experiments was undertaken in which human embryonic kidney (HEK) fibroblasts were infected with either relatively stable or stable L-forms of Streptococcus faecalis. The infected cells were maintained by splitting over long periods (1 to 2 months) while samples were withdrawn for culture and electron microscopic studies. Relatively stable S. faecalis L-forms could be cultured from infected cells only during the first week after infection, although L-form-like material was frequently detected at later periods by electron microscopy. HEK cells continued to proliferate and showed no gross histopathology until reversion occurred. At reversion, electron microscopy revealed the presence of intracellular L-forms, transitional variants, and intra- and extracellular bacterial forms. Unlike relatively stable L-forms, stable L-forms were culturable throughout the experimental period. These experiments demonstrate the phenomena of persistence and reversion in vitro. Electron microscopy indicated that the L-forms entered the HEK cells, where they underwent morphological changes. Observations suggested that these altered L-forms (elementary bodies) persisted in the cell until reversion to the parent bacterial form was triggered. Infected cells, when treated with L-form antiserum and stained with fluorescein-conjugated goat anti-rabbit serum, were consistently positive regardless of cultural findings.


Proposed reproductive cycle for a relatively stable L-phase variant of Streptococcus faecalis. Based on electron microscopic observations, the reproductive cycle of a relatively stable L-phase variant of Streptococcus faecalis was proposed. The small, dense, nonvesiculated L-form is envisioned as the central (core) element. It was seen to divide and bud rapidly. In addition, the dense forms appeared to be capable of growth and development within vesicles of mature mother forms. When these forms were released from the vesicles into the surrounding fluid medium, further growth occurred, resulting in the development of immature and ultimately mature mother forms. Under conditions unfavorable for L-form growth, these dense forms developed first into transitional forms and then into the bacterial form. These dense forms might therefore be considered as undifferentiated "stem cells' with the capacity to develop along several different routes, depending upon the stimulus received.


In vitro antilisterial activity of soluble product(s) released from Listeria-immune murine peritoneal macrophages. The importance of macrophages as effector cells in cellular reactions of immunity and hypersensitivity is well established (8). Macrophages activated as a result of specific immunological events exhibit increased microbicidal activity not only for the primary organism used for immunization purposes but also against unrelated intracellular pathogens (7). It is believed that the acquisition of this bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity is conferred on macrophages by materials released during the interaction of specifically immune lymphocytes with the antigen (Fowles et al., 1973; Godal et al., 1971; Jones and Youmans, 1973; Krahenbuhl and Remington, 1971; Mackaness, 1971; Patterson and Youmans, 1970). The antimicrobial activity in these studies refers to the intracellular inhibition and/or killing of the organisms; no attempts were made to assess the effect of activated macrophages on the extracellularly residing organisms. In an earlier study with the pathogenic yeastlike fungus Cryptococcus neoformans, we observed that freshly collected peritoneal macrophages from mice pretreated with a variety of nonspecific agents or from specifically immune mice possessed the capacity to exert anti-cryptococcal effect both on intracellular yeasts as well as those present in the extracellular milieu (Sethi et al., 1971; Sethi and Pelster, in press). Our results suggest that soluble product(s) released from mouse macrophages immune to Listeria monocytogenes can exert antilisterial activity under in vitro conditions.


The microbial decomposition of dental resins and its importance to the microbial balance of the oral cavity.


Bursal and postbursal cells in chicken: age-dependence of germinal center formation in spleen.


Application of in vitro and in vivo assay techniques in the isolation of rye grass (Lolium perenne) pollen allergens.


The in vivo distribution of 51Cr-labeled Trypanosoma cruzi in mice.


Autoimmunity in trypanosome infections. II. Anti-fibrin-fibrinogen (anti-F) autoantibody in Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) brucei infections of the rabbit.


Host dietary changes and the hindgut fauna of cockroaches.


The production of bismuth-204 for medical use.


Ossifying fibroma, a neoplastic entity.

Ossifying fibroma, a neoplastic entity.


Calcium and high molecular weight protein aggregates in bovine and human lens.


Cell-surface receptors of normal, regenerating, and cultured corneal epithelial and endothelial cells.


New methods for surface ultrastructure: Comparative studies of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and replica method.


Host factors in post-operative infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Serum histaminase in leprosy.

Serum histaminase in leprosy.


Procedures for clinical management of pinnipeds.


Extraction and analysis of Aroclor 1254 components in blood.


The use of quantiatative cytochemical analyses in rapid prenatal detection and somatic cell genetic studies of metabolic diseases.


Applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to antibiotics. I. Specific identification of penicillins and cephalosporins.


Gas-liquid chromatographic determination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in pickled vegetables.


Tobacco sensitivity in the allergic population. A specific allergic entity.


Immune responses to chemically modified bacterial alpha-amylase.


Immunochemical comparison of myosins from chicken cardiac, fast white, slow red, and smooth muscle.


Further studies on the stability of sporulation messenger ribonucleic acid in Bacillus subtilis.


GM1 ganglioside beta-galactosidase. A. Purification and studies of the enzyme from human liver.


Variations in the quaternary structure of three lactic acid bacteria aldolases. Evidence for the existence of a class I and class II aldolase in Lactobacillus casei.


The conformation of thermolysin.

The conformation of thermolysin.


Micro cell culture method for determination of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin titres using VERO cells. I. Studies on factors affecting the toxin and antitoxin titration.


Micro cell culture method for determination of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin titres using VERO cells. II. Comparison with the rabbit skin method and practical application for seroepidemiological studies.


The protective effect of Pseudomonas culture filtrates against experimental infection in mice.


Standardization and quality control of Leishmania tropica vaccine.


A wear resistant material for total joint replacement--tissue biocompatibility of an ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene-graphite composite.


Determination of rates of DNA synthesis in cultured mammalian cell populations. In cultures of a murine mastocytoma, endogenous synthesis of thymidine phosphates, as determined by the incorporation of [(3)H]deoxyuridine into DNA, was reduced within 15 min to less than 3% of control values by the addition of amethopterin (10 microM) in combination with hypoxanthine and glycine. If [(3)H]thymidine and unlabeled thymidine were added simultaneously with amethopterin, the increase with time of radioactivity in cellular DNA was linear at least between 30 and 90 min, while radioactivity in the acid-soluble nucleotide fraction remained constant during this time interval, indicating that intracellular thymidine nucleotides had the same specific activity as exogenously supplied [(3)H]thymidine. This permitted calculation of the amount of thymidine incorporated per hour into DNA of 10(6) cells. In conjunction with the base composition of mouse DNA, these results were used to calculate rates of DNA synthesis. Cell proliferation rate, cell cycle time, and the duration of the S period were not affected to any appreciable extent by the addition of amethopterin and thymidine. Rates of DNA synthesis, as derived from thymidine incorporation rates, were in good agreement with those derived from the measured mean DNA content of exponentially multiplying cells and rates of cell proliferation.


Action of cytochalasin D on cells of established lines. II. Cortex and microfilaments. Cells in culture exposed to cytochalasin D (CD) rapidly undergo a long-sustained tonic contraction. Coincident with this contracture the thin microfilaments of the cortex become compacted into feltlike masses. The ravelled filaments of these masses remain actinlike and bind heavy meromyosin; they are not disrupted or disaggregated, but rather, appear to represent a contracted state of the microfilament apparatus of the cell cortex. On continued exposure to CD, 'myoid' bundles, containing thick, dense filaments, and larger fusiform or ribbonlike, putatively myosinoid, aggregates may appear. These appearances are interpreted as consequences of a state of hypercontraction without relaxation induced by CD. They do not occur in CD-treated cells prevented from contracting by inhibitors of energy metabolism, and are readily reversible on withdrawal of CD. Extensive ordered arrays of thin microfilaments develop in cells which are reextending during early recovery.


Microtubule arms and cytoplasmic streaming and microtubule bending and stretching of intertubule links in the feeding tentacle of the suctorian ciliate Tokophrya. Microtubules attached to the pellicle at the tips of tentacles pivot through about 140 degrees on these attachments, splay apart, and bend along their longitudinal axes when feeding occurs. The tubules could be bending in response to pellicular contractions; active bending, sliding, or contraction of the tubules may not be involved. Intertubule links apparently prevent tubules from splaying apart at certain levels. These links are probably under tension during feeding. They stretch; they sometimes become half as thick and eight times as long as they are before feeding. Often, tubules joined together by these links also change in shape; they become slightly flattened and elliptical in cross section. Cytoplasm from the ciliate Tetrahymena is drawn down a feeding tentacle inside an invagination of the Tokophrya cell membrane from the tentacle tip. The positions of arm-bearing microtubules around such invaginations indicate that arms are involved in moving invaginations along. The edges of the perforated Tetrahymena cell membrane are "sealed" to the cell membrane of Tokophrya around each feeding tentacle tip.


Ciliary membrane differentiations in Tetrahymena pyriformis. Tetrahymena has four types of cilia. We have examined thin sections and replicas of freeze-fractured cilia of Tetrahymena pyriformis. The ciliary necklace located at the base of all freeze-fractured oral and somatic cilia has been studied in thin sections. Since electron-dense linkers have been found to connect both microtubule doublets and triplets to the ciliary membrane at the level of the necklace, the linkers and the associated necklace seem to be related to the transition region between the doublets and triplets of a cilium. Plaque structures, consisting of small rectangular patches of particles located distal to the ciliary necklace, are found in strain GL, but are absent in other strains examined in this study. In freeze-cleaved material, additional structural differentiations are observed in the distal region of the ciliary membranes of somatic and oral cilia. Somatic cilia contain many randomly distributed particles within their membrane. Oral cilia can be divided into three categories on the basis of the morphology of their freeze-fractured membranes: (a) undifferentiated cilia with very few randomly distributed particles: (b) cilia with particles arranged in parallel longitudinal rows spaced at intervals of 810-1080 A that are located on one side of the cilium; and (c) cilia with patches of particles arranged in short rows oriented obliquely to the main axis of the cilium. The latter particles, found on one side of the cilium, seem to serve as attachment sites for bristles 375-750 A long and 100 A wide which extend into the surrounding medium. The particles with bristles are located at the tips of cilia in the outermost membranelle and may be used to detect food particles and/or to modify currents in the oral region so that food particles are propelled more efficiently into the buccal cavity. Examination of thin-sectioned material indicates that the particles in oral cilia which form the longitudinal rows could be linked to microtubule doublets. Linkage between microtubule doublets and adjacent membrane areas on one side of the cilium could modify the form of ciliary beat by restricting the sliding of the microtubules. It is suggested that membrane-microtubule interactions may form the basis for the various forms of ciliary beat observed in different organisms.


Electron microscope evidence of calcium-induced exocytosis in mast cells treated with 48-80 or the ionophores A-23187 and X-537A.


The effect of inhalational anaesthetics on the swimming velocity of Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Chlorobiphenylols. Thin-layer chromatography and colour reactions of some hydroxylated chlorobiphenyls.


Metabolism of 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol by human liver microsomes in vitro: aromatic hydroxylation and irreversible protein binding of metabolites.


Radioimmunoassay for human antithyroglobulin antibodies. II. Determination of antigen-binding capacity.


Heterogeneity of circulating growth hormone in acromegaly.


Skeletal metabolism and body composition in Cushing's syndrome.


Evidence for a direct effect of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on prolactin release in humans.


Hyperresponse to thyrotropin-releasing hormone accompanying small decreases in serum thyroid hormone concentrations. To determine whether pituitary thyrotropin (TSH) responsiveness to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is enhanced by small decreases in serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), 12 euthyroid volunteers were given 190 mg iodide po daily for 10 days to inhibit T4 and T3 release from the thyroid. Basal serum T4, T3, and TSH concentrations and the serum T4 and TSH responses to 400 mug TRH i.v. were assessed before and at the end of iodide administration. Iodide induced small but highly significant decreases in basal serum T4 (8.0+/-1.6 vs. 6.6+/-1.7 mug/100 ml; mean +/- SD) and T3 (128+/-15 vs. 110+/-22 ng/100 ml) and increases in basal serum TSH (1.3+/-0.9 vs. 2.1+/-1.0 muU/ml). During iodide administration, the TSH response to TRH was significantly increased at each of seven time points up to 120 min. The maximum increment in serum TSH after TRH increased from a control mean of 8.8+/-4.1 to a mean of 13.0+/-2.8 muU/ml during iodide administration. As evidence of the inhibitory effect of iodide on hormonal release, the increment in serum T3 at 120 min after TRH was significantly lessened during iodide administration (61+/-42 vs. 33+/-24 ng/100 ml). These findings demonstrate that small acute decreases in serum T4 and T3 concentrations, resulting in values well within the normal range, are associated both with slight increases in basal TSH concentrations and pronounced increases in the TSH response to TRH. These results demonstrate that a marked sensitivity of TSH secretion and responsiveness to TRH is applicable to decreasing, as well as increasing, concentrations of thyroid hormones.


Sanfilippo A syndrome: sulfamidase deficiency in cultured skin fibroblasts and liver. The Sanfilippo A syndrome is an autosomal recessive mucopolysaccharidosis characterized clinically by severe mental retardation and biochemically by storage in tissue and excretion in urine of excessive amounts of heparan sulfate. Since sulfamide groups are present in heparan sulfate, a sulfamidase deficiency could explain the impaired degradation of this polysaccharide. To investigate the enzymic basis of this disease, assays for sulfamidase were performed. Extracts of cultured fibroblasts and post-mortem liver were prepared by suspension of tissues in acetate: NaCl buffer, pH 4.5, containing Triton X-100 (Rohm and Haas Co., Philadelphia, Pa.), sonication, and centrifugation at 10,000 g. The supernatant fluid was incubated with [(35)S]-N-sulfated heparin. The release of inorganic sulfate after 18 h of incubation was determined by chromatography on Sephadex G-25. The liver and fibroblast extracts of patients with the Sanfilippo A syndrome showed a deficiency of sulfamidase. The quantity of heparan sulfate in fibroblasts derived from patients with Sanfilippo A, Hurler's and Hunter's diseases was found to be 7-10%, while it was about 1.25% of the total glycosaminoglycans in fibroblasts of normal controls.


Serum 'uracil plus uridine' levels in normal subjects and their possible significance. A microbiological method for the assay of uracil is described. The growth of the test organism is supported by uracil and also by uridine but not by uridylic acid. The method therefore measures uracil and uridine together. The ;uracil + uridine' level, expressed as uracil, has been measured in blood from 144 normal subjects ranging in age from cord blood to the eighth decade. The mean level of 22 mu mol/l (0.25 mg%) in cord blood decreases to 15 mumol/l (0.17 mg%) in adults over the age of 20. There is no difference between the sexes. Uracil is of interest because (a) it is a constituent base of RNA, (b) it is the precursor of two of the bases thymine and cytosine that enter into the composition of DNA, and (c) under certain circumstances it has mutagenic properties. The last is dependent upon the existence of two tautomeric forms of uracil, the common keto form which pairs normally with adenine and the rare enol form which pairs with guanine. A mistake in base pairing which allows uracil in its enol form to enter the DNA molecule and pair with guanine can result in a G = C --> A = T base transition in the DNA molecule. The molecular mechanism involved as well as the possible bearing on somatic mutation are discussed.


Comparative activity of ampicillin and seven cephalosporins against group D streptococci. Minimum inhibitory concentrations have been determined for ampicillin and seven cephalosporins against 93 strains of group D streptococci isolated recently from clinical material. Ampicillin was much the most active compound (modal MIC = 1.6 mug/ml); cephaloridine, cephacetrile, and cefazolin had a modal MIC of 25 mug/ml, while corresponding figures for cephalothin, cephradine, cephalexin, and cefoxitin were 50, 100, 200, and 800 mug/ml, respectively. Thus, none of the newer cephalosporins is an improvement in respect to activity against enterococci over existing compounds, and ampicillin remains overwhelmingly the beta-lactam antibiotic of choice for the treatment of infections by such organisms. Pharmacokinetic considerations, however, indicate that certain cephalosporins, for instance, cephaloridine, cefazolin, and cephanone, may be worthy of further study in view of possible synergy with aminoglycoside antibiotics.


Antibodies to Candida albicans in hospital patients with and without spinal injury and in normal men and women. The presence of serum agglutinins and precipitins to Candida albicans in men and women who had impaired bladder function following spinal injury is compared with that in other patients in hospital and in apparently fit men and women. Antibody levels which have commonly been regarded as significant were found in 35 of 76 patients who had urinary candidiasis; in 10 of 52 patients who had spinal injury without urinary candidiasis; in eight of 57 patients who had neither of these conditions, and in nine of 191 normal men and women. Observations are made on the antigens involved in these reactions and on the need for standardization of both reagents and techniques.