Depolarization of the plasma membrane of Neurospora during active transport of glucose: evidence for a proton-dependent cotransport system. Intracellular microelectrodes were used to measure the effects of glucose transport on membrane voltage and membrane resistance in Neurospora crassa. Sudden activation of glucose uptake, via the high-affinity, derepressible system II, results in a very large depolarization of the plasma membrane. At saturating concentrations of glucose, the depolarization averages 120 mV; it is diphasic in time, with an initial shift at rates of 100-200 mV/sec followed by a slow, spontaneous, partial repolarization. Changes in intracellular ATP concentration are small and could account for only 10 mV of the initial depolarization, while the rest appears to depend upon the transport process itself. A plot of peak depolarization against the extracellular glucose concentration gives a saturation curve which is half-maximal at 42 muM, in good agreement with the K(1/2) reported for glucose transport via system II. The nonmetabolized analogue 3-O-methyl-D-glucose also causes depolarization, and in addition leads to a pulsed alkalinization of the medium occurring at approximately the same rate as 3-O-methyl-D-glucose uptake. The membrane resistance falls only slightly during glucose depolarization, a fact which requires the transport system itself to have a high internal resistance, or the membrane current-voltage relationship in glucose-starved cells to be quite nonlinear. All of the data support Mitchell's notion that sugar and hydrogen ions are contransported under the influence of the membrane potential, and lead to values for H(+):glucose stoichiometry of 0.8 to 1.4.


Vitamin E deficiency: immunochemical evidence for increased accumulation of liver xanthine oxidase. Xanthine oxidase (EC 1.2.3.2) activity increases in liver of rabbits deficient in vitamin E. Immunochemical titration of the enzyme demonstrates that the elevation of activity is due to an increased accumulation of the enzyme protein rather than activation of preexisting enzyme molecules. Immunochemically, xanthine oxidase from deficient animals is indistinguishable from the enzyme from control animals. Incorporation of labeled leucine into immunoprecipitable xanthine oxidase is enhanced in vitamin E-deficient animals. This enhancement is interpreted as indicating that the accumulation of xanthine oxidase molecules reflects an accelerated de novo synthesis of the enzyme.


Noise-induced threshold shift in the parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus). Parakeets exposed for 72 hr to a 1/3-octave band of noise centered at 2.0 kHz have a maximum threshold shift at 2.0 kHz with little or no spread of threshold shift to lower or higher frequencies. These results differ from those observed in mammals and suggest significant differences between avian and mammalian peripheral auditory processing.


Denaturation: an example of a catastrophe. We show that a "phase diagram" for the conformational states of proteins can be constructed using the mathematical theory of singularities of functions developed recently by René Thom. For proteins subjected to the disruptive influences of temperature and/or concentration of denaturing agent, this theory can be used as a predictive tool to account for the shape, sense, and changes in the curves that result when the optical rotatory dispersion is plotted as a function of these two constraints. The mathematical model is found to be in accord with known experimental data on collagen, lysozyme, and ribonuclease.


Behavior in different environments of populations of Drosophila, pseudoobscura selected for phototaxis and geotaxis. When tested in Hirsch-Hadler mazes, Drosophila pseudoobscura descended from natural populations is phototactically and geotactically neutral on the average. Decidedly positive and negative populations have been obtained by artificial selection. The behavior is independent of temperature (15-27 degrees ) and age (2-17 days). The flies perceive light as weak as 0.2 lux; from 7 to 3000 lux the behavior difference between positive and negative strains increases little, and perhaps decreases at 8000 lux. A remarkable transformation occurs with red light; the population that is negatively phototactic with shorter wave lengths or with white light becomes photopositive.


Analysis of a simple prototypal muscle model near to and far from equilibrium. Accurate calculations of force generated and of ATP flux, in steady isotonic contractions, are made on a simple, two-state muscle model of the sliding filament type. The objective is to illustrate the proper formulation and use of a complete and self-consistent molecular model of muscle. Otherwise, the model is not meant to be realistic. Calculations were made near equilibrium, including linear and quadratic terms in a power series expansion, and arbitrarily far from equilibrium by direct numerical solution of the appropriate differential equation in the probability of cross-bridge attachment. The results obtained from the two different methods agree where they overlap near equilibrium. The efficiency of free energy conversion is emphasized, and the relation to linear irreversible thermodynamics is pointed out.


Facts and theories on viruses causing cancer and leukemia. It is possible to explain the familial incidence of cancer developing in several members of the same family tree, within the same as well as in successive generations, by an assumption that tumors and leukemia are caused by oncogenic viruses transmitted in a latent form from one generation to another in many animal species, presumably also in man. The term "vertical transmission" was coined to describe this form of transmission of pathogenic agents. In most instances the oncogenic viruses are invisible and harmless to their carrier hosts. Occasionally, however, under the influence of endogenous or exogenous inducing factors, these viruses become activated and cause cancer or leukemia. According to this concept, the law of obligate communicability established for all common infectious agents applies also to oncogenic viruses: each tumor or leukemia can be traced to another similar tumor which developed in one of the preceding generations as a result of "vertical" passage of the same oncogenic virus. This concept postulates that at one time, perhaps centuries ago, these viruses entered from outside the animal hosts and that, since then, they have been transmitted from one generation to another. The theory of vertical transmission of latent oncogenic viruses is consistent with experimental and clinical observations made during the preceding two decades. We consider this concept to be a logical and most promising approach to the problem of viral etiology of neoplastic diseases.


Amino-acid sequence of an allotype b4 light chain from a rabbit antibody to streptococcal carbohydrate. The complete amino-acid sequence was determined for a rabbit-antibody light chain of allotype b4. The light chain was recovered from approximately 20 g of homogeneous antibody to group C streptococcal carbohydrate, which was obtained from an immunized rabbit. Several enzymic digestions were used to obtain the overlapping peptides necessary for the sequence determination. The L chain has 210 amino-acid residues, as determined by sequence analysis, and a molecular mass of 23,060 daltons. This antibody light chain contains seven half-cystine residues characteristic of the (kappa)B light-chain class. The amino-terminal sequence was determined to be Ala-Asp-Ile-Val-Met, indicating that the chain belongs to the V(kappa)I subgroup.


Orientation of mitosis of fibroblasts is determined in the interphase. Time-lapse films of the cultures of mouse L fibroblasts have been analyzed to find out the angles between the direction of the big axis of interphase nucleus before mitosis and the direction of the mitotic furrow in the same cell. In 41 out of 51 mitoses this angle has been found to be more than 60 degrees . Thus, the orientation of mitotic furrows depends on the internal polarity of the cell before mitosis.


Ferritin-conjugated antibodies used for labeling of organelles involved in the cellular synthesis and transport of procollagen. An improved procedure was used to conjugate ferritin to antibodies specific for the NH(2)-terminal extensions on the precursor form of collagen known as procollagen. The ferritin-antibody conjugates were then used to determine the localization of procollagen in fibroblasts isolated from chick-embryo tendons. Procollagen was found in the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum, indicating that the protein passes into this compartment early in its biosynthesis. Specific labeling of large Golgi vacuoles was also observed, suggesting that this compartment is also involved in the secretory process. When cells were incubated with colchicine so that the secretion of procollagen was delayed, there was an increase of large, smooth-surfaced vacuoles in the cells and these vacuoles were labeled with the ferritin-antibody conjugate.


Particle movements in chloroplast membranes: quantitative measurements of membrane fluidity by the freeze-fracture technique. Stacked chloroplast membranes isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii have differentiated particle arrays when examined by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. When the membranes are isolated unstacked, these particle arrays are lost and the fracture faces have a homogeneous appearance. The changes in appearance are due to rearrangement of existing membrane components by lateral particle movements in the plane of the fluid chloroplast membranes, since quantitative measurements demonstrate almost complete conservation of numbers and sizes of membrane particles during experimentally controlled stacking and unstacking.


Genetics of somatic mammalian cells: biochemical genetics of Chinese hamster cell mutants with deviant purine metabolism. Studies are presented on the biochemical genetics of 30 adenine-requiring mutants of the Chinese hamster ovary cell which were induced by mutagenesis and selected by the BrdU-visible light technique. Representative experiments conducted with these mutants include: hybridization with each other; hybridization with normal human cells; nutritional analysis; biochemical analysis with radioactively labeled intermediates; and measurement of reversion frequencies to wild-type phenotype occurring spontaneously and under the influence of selected mutagens. All mutants behave as if having point mutations. These experiments provide information relevant to the determination of dominant-recessive relationships, resolution into different complementation classes, localization of the human chromosomes which carry human genes required by the individual mutants, determination of the point of metabolic block for different mutants, and elucidation of the nature of the underlying DNA changes. These experiments illustrate the range of biochemical-genetic studies now possible with such a family of somatic mammalian cell mutants in vitro. Possible application to problems of human genetic disease are indicated.


Agglutination of jelly coat and cortical granule components and the block to polyspermy in the amphibian Xenopus laevis. A block to polyspermy in amphibians is established at fertilization by the conversion of the vitelline envelope to the fertilization envelope. In Xenopus laevis a major ultrastructural change in the envelope at fertilization is the appearance of an electron-dense layer, termed the F layer, between the envelope and the inner-most jelly coat layer, J(1). The F layer is derived, at least in part, from materials released from the cortical granules. Further definition of the origin and chemical nature of the F layer was sought by using isolated cortical granule (CG) exudate and jelly coat layer J(1). In double diffusion experiments, the isolated components interacted in an agglutination reaction producing a band of precipitation. The agglutination involved alpha-galactoside residues and metal ions (Ca(++)). Employing chemically modified jelly, we demonstrated that sulfhydryl-disulfide interchanges were not involved in the agglutination and, with (35)S-labeled jelly, that the agglutinating J(1) component possessed sulfate esters. Both the CG exudate and the J(1) components contained carbohydrate, as evidenced by their lectin reactivity. A number of ionic polymers, both natural and synthetic, were tested as chemical analogs of CG exudate and J(1); none gave an agglutination band. Dissolved jelly coat material from eggs of two different species of frogs agglutinated with CG exudate, while jelly from sea urchin eggs and hyaluronic acid from mammalian eggs did not. Thus, the agglutination reaction was chemically and phylogenetically specific. An electron-dense layer, similar to the F layer, formed on the outer of the vitelline envelope when jellied unfertilized eggs were immersed in CG exudate; such eggs were not fertilizable. We suggest that in Xenopus laevis, and perhaps other organisms as well, an agglutination type of reaction between cortical granule components and egg integuments is a participant in the structural and molecular events establishing a block to polyspermy.


Island models for takeover by a social trait facing a frequency-dependent selection barrier in a Mendelian population. A population genetic model is presented for selection of a Mendelian trait controlling for cooperative behavior between unrelated conspecifics. Under simple and robust assumptions, such a trait will be selected on a frequency-dependent basis, with a critical threshold frequency (beta(2) (crit)) of the social trait which must be exceeded before favorable selection of this trait can occur. Existence of this threshold gives rise to a basic evolutionary problem as to how evolution from an asocial state (beta congruent with 0) to a social state (beta congruent with 1) can take place. A formal model of this evolution is proposed which rests on obstacles to random mixing (population viscosity). The key fact is the possibility that an initial local concentration of the social trait may be able to spread out under the joint effects of selection and migration and eventually take over a much larger species population. It is argued that this model is the first formal model to capture the ideas of Wright concerning group selection of an altruist trait in an island-structured population.


Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Carbon-13 spin-lattice relaxation time measurements of amino acids. The (13)C spin-lattice relaxation times, T(1)'s, of several amino acids have been measured as a function of pD and concentration. A strong dependence of the carboxyl carbon T(1) was observed for both pD and concentration and is believed to be due to intermolecular associations. For the carboxyl carbon, spin rotation is proposed as the predominant relaxation mechanism, whereas the other carbons are relaxed mainly by the dipole-dipole mechanism, and their relaxation times are relatively independent of changes in concentration and pD.


Increase of cholesterol level in the surface membrane of lymphoma cells and its inhibitory effect on ascites tumor development. An ascites form of malignant transformed lymphoma cells were treated in vitro with liposomes of 1:1 lecithin-cholesterol in order to increase the cholesterol level of the cell-surface membranes and thereby to increase the rigidity of the lipid layer. This treatment was found to inhibit the rate of killing by ascites tumor after intraperitoneal inoculation into adult mice of 10(4) and 10(5) treated cells per animal. With 10(3) treated cells per animal, full survival was observed up to 90 days after inoculation, whereas with the same number of untreated cells all infected mice died within 30 days after inoculation. An analogous treatment of the malignant lymphoma cells with liposomes of pure lecithin did not result in any appreciable inhibitory effect on the ascites tumor development in vivo, as initiated by inoculation of 10(5), 10(4), or 10(3) cells per animal.


Unique double-stranded fragments of bacteriophage T5 DNA resulting from preferential shear-induced breakage at nicks. Nicks within one strand of the bacteriophage T5 DNA molecule act as " weak points" for a novel kind mechanical breakage that can be utilized for "dissecting" the genome. The products from sheared T5(+) DNA include five unique double-stranded segments of the molecule and various combinations of adjacent segments. These specific fragments are not obtained after repair of the nicks with DNA ligase (EC 6.5.1.1). The duplex fragments and most of their single-stranded components have been separated, identified, and mapped by means of agarose gel electrophoresis. Even the complementary strands of the unique fragments separate in agarose gels; hence, there are now three useful classes of DNA fragments available from T5: the natural r-strand fragments, their complements from the normally intact l strand, and the corresponding duplex segments. By summing the apparent molecular weights of their single-stranded components, the unique duplex fragments from T5(+) DNA can be assigned molecular weights of approximately 6 x 10(6) (A), 8 x 10(6) (B), 11 x 10(6) (C), 27 x 10(6) (D), and 30 x 10(6) (E) from left to right along the genome. The most abundant overlapping fragments are segments AB (14 x 10(6)) and ABC (26 x 10(6)). Differences in the number and relative positions of nicks within two distinct groups of heatstable deletion mutants [represented by T5st(O) and T5b3] account for the large differences observed in their patterns of breakage products.


Purification and characterization of acetylcholine receptor-I from Electrophorus electricus. A Triton X-100 extract of electric tissue was subjected to a single step affinity chromatography using either of two affinity gels: [N-(6-aminocaproyl)-p-aminobenzyl]trimethylammonium bromide or methyl[(6-aminocaproyl-6'-aminocaproyl)-3-amino]pyridinium bromide attached to Sepharose 4B. Specific elution of the acetylcholine receptor-I (AcChR-I) with low concentration of a bis-quaternary agonist, 3,3'-bis[alpha-(trimethylammonium)methyl]-azobenzene bromide (Bis-Q), gave a 35% yield of toxin-binding components in the crude extract. The purified AcChR-I readily underwent aggregation, which appeared to arise from the oxidation of titratable free sulfhydryl on the protein. The protein was characterized by the binding capacities for [(125)I]alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-Bgt), [(3)H]acetylcholine, and [(14)C]Bis-Q; the ratio of these capacities were approximately 2:1:2, respectively, with 5-6:5 nmole of alpha-Bgt sites per mg of protein. Analysis by sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis of the disulfide-reduced and nonreduced polypeptide components indicated that a 41,500 dalton species was the major subunit component of AcChR-I. The binding of [(14)C]Bis-Q with a Triton X-100 crude extract showed sites with both high and low dissociation constants, whereas purified AcChR-I contained only high-affinity sites. A biphasic double-reciprocal plot and a Hill coefficient of 0.7 suggested negative cooperativity in the binding of Bis-Q with the purified AcChR-I.


Interaction of nerve growth factor with the mouse-brain neurotubule protein(s). Addition of nerve growth factor to a 105,000 x g supernatant of mouse brain induces the formation of a precipitate whose main constituent is the microtubule protein(s) (tubulin). The binding of nerve growth factor to purified tubulin is not inhibited by colchicine and does not appear to depend on the presence of GTP or Mg(++). GTP, however, and divalent cations, exert a marked effect on the increased turbidity induced by interaction of nerve growth factor with tubulin. These findings are tentatively interpreted with the hypothesis that binding of the factor to tubulin and the induced aggregation is a sequential two-step process; the latter but not the former would be influenced by GTP or divalent cations.


The molecular structure of yeast phenylalanine transfer RNA in monoclinic crystals. The molecular structure of monoclinic crystals of yeast phenylalanine tRNA is analyzed by comparing it to the orthorhombic crystals of the same material whose structure has been determined. Changing the packing of the molecule from the head-to-head, tail-to-tail arrangement in the orthorhombic lattice to a head-to-tail packing makes it possible to generate a proposed structure for the monoclinic unit cell. The structure factors for the proposed arrangement have been calculated and compared with those experimentally observed from monoclinic crystals. The residuals from this comparison are low enough to conclude that at 4-A resolution, the three-dimensional structure of the molecule in the monoclinic crystal is essentially the same as that in the orthorhombic crystal. In addition, a correlation coefficient calculated from intensities based on a skeletal model of the molecule also confirmed the structure in the monoclinic cell. Electron density difference maps, as well as the presence of close contacts in the anticodon loop region of the monoclinic crystal, suggest that the anticodon loop may have a slightly different conformation than that observed in the orthorhombic crystals.


Niche overlap and diffuse competition.

Niche overlap and diffuse competition. Current theory predicts a distinct upper limit on the permissible degree of niche overlap; moreover, theory suggests that maximal tolerable overlap should be relatively insensitive to environmental variability. Data presented here demonstrate that, within the lizard subset of natural desert communities, niche overlap decreases both with increasing environmental variability and with increasing numbers of lizard species. The latter two factors are themselves positively correlated. A partial correlation analysis is interpreted as indicating that the extent of tolerable niche overlap does not necessarily decrease due to environmental variability, but rather that overlap is probably more closely related to the number of potential interspecific competitors in a community, or what has been termed "diffuse competition." This result lends support to the "niche overlap hypothesis," which asserts that maximal tolerable overlap should vary inversely with the intensity of competition. Moreover, this empirical discovery indicates that niche overlap theory could be profitably expanded to incorporate the number of competing species. Although the average amount of overlap between pairs of species decreases with the intensity of diffuse competition, the overall degree of competitive inhibition tolerated by individuals comprising an average species could nevertheless remain relatively constant, provided that extensive niche overlap with a few competitors is roughly equivalent to lower average overlap with a greater number of competitors.


A contribution to the problem of respiratory care of patients after heart valve replacement.


Biochemical effects of chelation therapy using deferoxamine mesylate on experimental porphyria in rats.


A nine-year study of topical application with stannous fluoride in identical twins and the caries experience five years after ending the applications.


Ultrastructure of rat oral epithelium in long-term cell culture.


Letter: Periodontal healing.

Letter: Periodontal healing.


Isotope studies on the uptake and release of ions by dental enamel.


Root surface caries: a clinical, histopathologic and microradiographic investigation.


Explosion of handle of a rechargeable electric tooth brush while in use: report of an incident.


Ultrasonic instrument precautions and a case of misuse.


Presenting a framework system for solving the problem of educating the populous of poverty areas in the functions and services of a neighborhood health center.


Indirect pulp capping--some whys, whens and hows.


Simplified permanent identification of prosthetic appliances.


Psychological aspects of the geriatric dental patient.


The Wayne Boden murders.

The Wayne Boden murders.


Blood group identification from hard dental tissues by elution test.


Scleroderma.

Scleroderma.


Nitrous oxide analgesia--practical physiological considerations.


Splinting of mandibular anterior teeth.

Splinting of mandibular anterior teeth.


Optometric training in a Veterans Administration Hospital.


The prediction of the size of unerupted canines and premolars in a contemporary orthodontic population.


Nursing service without students.

Nursing service without students.


Letter: Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) translocation in an apparently Ph1 negative, minus G22, case of chronic myeloid leukemia.


Letter: Late onset of C.N.S. leukaemia.

Letter: Late onset of C.N.S. leukaemia.


Myocardial scintigraphy and estimation of regional blood flow with xenon-133.


Histiocytosis X with jaw involvement.

Histiocytosis X with jaw involvement.


Effects of levonordefrin injection during enflurane anesthesia.


Cheiloplasty for the correction of microstomia secondary to an untreated burn.


Surgical closure of oroantral fistula using the gold foil technique.


Case 7. 2. Hypertrophy of sublingual salivary gland.


New unstable haemoglobin (Hb Moscva, beta24 (B4) Gly leads to Asp) found in the USSR.


Prolonged traumatic dislocation of the mandible.


Identification of Ph1 chromosome and associated translocation in chronic myelogenous leukemia by Hoechst 33258.


Analysis of long pyrimidine polynucleotides in HeLa cell nuclear DNA: absence of polydeoxythymidylate. HeLa cell nuclear DNA contains an unexpectedly large amount of long pyrimidine polynucleotides. These sequences were detected in DNA labeled with [(3)H] thymidine by treatment with formic acid-diphenylamine and subsequent analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. About 0.5% of the total thymine residues were found in polynucleotides that migrated more slowly than 4S RNA. No polynucleotides of comparable size were detected in Escherichia coli DNA. The pyrimidine polynucleotides contained no pure poly(dT) sequences (less than 0.0015% of the total residues), as judged by thermal chromatography of a complex formed with poly(A).


RNA polymerase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens infected with phi29 bacteriophage. DNA-dependent RNA polymerase was purified from uninfected and varphi29-infected Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Differences were observed in the specific activities, template specificities, stability, and sedimentation properties of the two enzymes. A polypeptide of 30,000 molecular weight was found in association with the polymerase of high specific activity from phage-infected cells and was absent from polymerase isolated from uninfected cells. The change in polymerase properties and the appearance of the polypeptide occurred early in phage infection.


Survival of human sickle-cell erythrocytes in heterologous species: response to variations in oxygen tension. Survival characteristics, after transfusion, of erythrocytes from patients with homozygous sickle-cell disease were studied in rats. The study was made possible by previous injection of the animals with ethyl plamitate, which depressed reticuloendothelial system function, and with a factor in cobra venom that inactivated complement. This treatment prevented the rapid phagocytosis and intravascular hemolysis of donor erythrocytes that usually follow a heterologous transfusion. Both immediate after transfusion recovery and survival of (51)Cr-labeled sickle erythrocytes were decreased in comparison to the values obtained for control erythrocytes from individuals without sickle-cell anemia. Survival of sickle erythrocytes was improved during exposure of the animals to 100% O(2). Hypoxia (7-10% O(2)) resulted in the abrupt removal of 35-60% of sickle erythrocytes from the rats' circulation. Variations in oxygen tension did not affect survival of control erythrocytes. The usefulness of this convenient animal model for the study of sickle-cell anemia is suggested by the similarities between our results and the behavior of sickle erythrocytes in humans. The system may also be suitable for studying a wide variety of other human erythrocyte disorders.


Properties of opiate-receptor binding in rat brain. [(3)H]Naloxone, a potent opiate antagonist, binds stereospecifically to opiate-receptor sites in rat-brain tissue. The binding is time, temperature, and pH dependent and saturable with respect to [(3)H]naloxone and tissue concentration. The [(3)H]naloxone-receptor complex formation is bimolecular with a dissociation constant of 20 nM. 15 Opiate agonists and antagonists compete for the same receptors, whose density is 30 pmol/g. Potencies of opiates and their antagonists in displacing [(3)H]naloxone binding parallel their pharmacological potencies.


Synthetic analogs of the active sites of iron-sulfur proteins. Structure and properties of bis(o-xylyldithiolato-m2-sulfidoferrate (3)), an analog of the 2Fe-2S proteins. The synthetic analog approach has been applied to a clarification of the active sites of 2Fe-2S(*) proteins. The compound (Et(4)N)(2)[FeS(SCH(2))(2)C(6)H(4)](2), derived from o-xylyl-alpha,alpha'-dithiol, has been prepared and its structure has been determined by x-ray diffraction. The centrosymmetric anion contains two tetrahedrally coordinated ferric ions bridged by two sulfide ions and separated by 2.70 A. Comparison of electronic, Mössbauer, and proton magnetic resonance spectra and magnetic susceptibility of the anion with the corresponding properties of the oxidized forms of the proteins reveals significant degrees of similarity. The anion also exhibits the essential redox capacity of the proteins. We conclude that [FeS(SCH(2))(2)C(6)H(4)](2) (2-) possesses the same total oxidation level and electronic configuration as the active sites of the oxidized proteins, and that its structure provides a feasible representation of the minimal structure of the active site. [FeS(SCH(2))(2)C(6)H(4)](2) (2-) is thus the first well-defined synthetic analog of the active sites of two-iron ferredoxins.


Detection and isolation of a new DNA polymerase from human breast tumor cell line HBT-3 by (dT)12-18-cellulose chromatography. Column chromatography on (dT)(12-18)-cellulose was used to detect and isolate a novel DNA polymerase activity from human breast tumor cell line HBT-3. The new enzyme is similar to those of mammalian RNA tumor viruses in its molecular size, preference for poly(A).(dT)(12-18) as compared to either poly(dA).(dT)(12-18) or poly(A).poly(dT), and ability to copy poly(C).(dG)(12-18). A similar DNA polymerase activity, defined by its binding to (dT)(12-18)-cellulose, is not detectable in several other cell lines of human tumors.


Perturbation of generation cycle of human leukaemic lymphoblasts in vivo by L-asparaginase.


Neutralization in vivo of Lewis antibodies. Report of two cases.


The endurance limit of dental porcelain.


Hazards in the dental office.

Hazards in the dental office.


Identification of skeletal remains from dental evidence.


An analysis of endodontic treatments at a dental school.


Fractures of the dento-facial skeleton in the Northern Territory.


On control.

On control.


South Australian kindergarten children: dental health factors in urban and country families.


Innervation of human periodontium. I. Classification of periodontal receptors.


Isolation of the tumor-inducing RNA from oncogenic and nononcogenic Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Two RNA fractions have been isolated and purified from both oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Both RNAs are capable of inducing the formation of transplantable tumors when introduced at wound sites in stems of Datura stramonium plants. One of these RNA fractions was found to be bound to an RNA-directed DNA polymerase, while the other was associated with the bacterial DNA. Physical evidence suggests that both are single stranded and small in size; linear sucrose gradients show that their size corresponds to a value of 5-6 S. A concentration of 4-5 mug of the RNAs dissolved in 0.01 ml of water is effective in initiating the formation of transplantable tumors in Datura plants.


On the existence of a mono-vinyl d-urobilin. Chromic acid degradation of a d-urobilin, obtained after incubation of bilirubin in fecal bacterial cultures, gave methylvinylmaleimide and methylethylmaleimide. The d-urobilin, molecular weight 588, C(33)H(40)-N(4)O(6), clearly showed the presence of both vinyl and ethyl resonances in the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum. These results point unambiguously to a urobilin structure with one vinyl and one ethyl beta-substituent.


Saving a bundle on the office laundry.

Saving a bundle on the office laundry.


Blastic transformtion of mouse spleen lymphocytes by a water-soluble mitogen extracted from Nocardia. A water-soluble extract of Nocardia markedly increased in vitro [(3)H]thymidine incorporation by mouse spleen lymphocytes. The blastogenic activity of the extract and lipopolysaccharide was studied comparatively on various mouse lymphocyte subpopulations. The data obtained by [(3)H]thymidine incorporation and by electron microscopy have demonstrated that this preparation stimulates selectively mouse bone-marrow-derived cortisone-sensitive lymphocytes. This stimulation is related neither to a natural infection of mice with Nocardia organisms nor to the presence in Nocardia water-soluble mitogen of a lipopolysaccharide contaminant or of a lipopolysaccharide-like material.


Acylation of alpha-chymotrypsin by oxygen and sulfur esters of specific substrates: kinetic evidence for a tetrahedral intermediate. The acylation step of the alpha-chymotrypsincatalyzed hydrolysis of N-acetyl-L (or DL)-tryptophan p-nitrophenyl, p-nitrothiophenyl, ethyl, and thiolethyl esters has been studied by the stopped-flow technique at 25 degrees . The acylation rate constant, k(2), and the enzyme substrate dissociation constant, K(s), were directly determined at pH 4, 5, and 8. Steady-state kinetics were studied at pH 7. The k(2) values are nearly identical for oxygen esters and their sulfur counterparts, whereas the K(s) value of the ethyl ester is larger by an order of magnitude than those of the other three. The results strongly suggest that oxygen and thiol esters of these specific substrates are hydrolyzed via the same pathway, and furthermore that acylation consists of more than one step, the formation and breakdown of a tetrahedral intermediate, the former being rate-determining. Effects of leaving-group hydrophobicity on k(2) and K(s) are also discussed.


Cyclic electrochemical inactivation and restoration of competence of bone matrix to transform fibroblasts. Brief exposure of rat bone matrix to highly charged electrochemicals had profound but reversible effects on its competence to transform fibroblasts into chondroblasts and osteoblasts. Suppression and subsequent reactivation of this function were influenced critically by the charge of the electrochemical reagent and the pH of the reaction mixture. In dilute acids, Evans Blue, a long electronegative molecule, suppressed transforming competence, whereas hexadimethrine, a polycationic quaternary ammonium base, failed to do so. A cycle of inactivation-restoration of transforming competence was achieved by sequential treatment of bone matrix with Evans Blue followed by hexadimethrine; an electrochemical complex was demonstrated by histochemistry. In dilute alkalies, hexadimethrine inhibited, whereas, Evans Blue did not suppress the transforming function of the bone matrix. Electric charge characteristics on the surface of the bone matrix are of crucial significance for the fibroblast-transforming attribute.


Chemical carcinogens as frameshift mutagens: Salmonella DNA sequence sensitive to mutagenesis by polycyclic carcinogens. Other investigators have shown that several polycyclic carcinogens are frameshift mutagens in Salmonella. Mutagenic potency of these compounds is assessed by ability to induce reversion of histidine-requiring frameshift mutants to prototrophy. One frameshift mutation in the histidinol dehydrogenase gene, hisD3052, is unusually sensitive to mutagenesis by certain polycyclic carcinogens. We find that the 3052 mutation is a - 1 deletion, probably loss of a G.C pair from a DNA repeat of [unk]. The polycyclic carcinogens tested (e.g., 2-nitroso-fluorene) revert 3052 by deleting a [unk] doublet from the DNA sequence [unk], which is close to the 3052 site. This rare mispairing-prone sequence represents the carcinogen-sensitive "hotspot" in 3052. The ICR compounds, noncarcinogenic intercalating agents, show a broader specificity of mutagenesis. Reversion with these mutagens occurs predominantly by two mechanisms: one identical to that of the polycyclic carcinogens, and the other by +1 additions in a third DNA tract narrowly separated from the 3052 site. The alkylating carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine appears to have a similar dual specificity. DNA base changes in 3052 revertants have been correlated with properties of histidinol dehydrogenase in crude extracts. This correlation of DNA base sequence with electrophoretic and other properties of the mutant proteins allows one to analyze easily the specificity of new mutagens that mutate this strain.


Flounder effects and linkage disequilibria in experimental populations of Drosophila. Six laboratory populations of Drosophila paulistorum were examined for changes in gene frequencies at an enzyme locus, tetrazolium oxidase (To). In some of the populations, the alleles were introduced on over 100 independently derived chromosomes. These populations showed considerable stability in gene frequencies although they were at widely different starting frequencies. Other populations were begun with only a few (about 6) independently derived chromosomes. These populations showed significant and somewhat erratic changes in To gene frequencies. The difference in behavior of the two sets of populations was almost certainly caused by linkage effects due to sample size. The implication of these studies in understanding the role of the founder effect in natural populations is briefly discussed.


The effect of erythropoietin on colonial growth of erythroid precursor cells in vitro. A method is described for the colonial growth, in semi-solid medium, of erythropoietin-responsive erythroid cell precursors. The erythroid cell precursors were isolated by immune hemolysis from fetal mouse liver. Both the number of precursor cells triggered to proliferate and differentiate, and the size of the erythropoietic colonies formed, are directly dependent upon the concentration of erythropoietin included in the culture.


Chemical conversion of aspartic acid 52, a catalytic residue in hen egg-white lysozyme, to homoserine. Hen egg-white lysozyme (EC 3.2.1.17) was specifically esterified at aspartic acid 52 by the affinity labeling reagent 2',3'-epoxypropyl beta-glycoside of di-(N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) [Eshdat et al. (1973) J. Biol. Chem.248, 5892]. The disulfide bonds of the affinity-labeled enzyme and the aspartic acid 52-ester bond were reduced with dithiothreitol and sodium borohydride, respectively, resulting in the removal of the affinity label. The reduced protein contained 0.9 mole of homoserine and 1 mole less of aspartic acid per mole of protein, as compared to the native enzyme. It was reoxidized by a mixture of reduced and oxidized glutathione to yield a modified protein that possessed one-tenth of the activity of native lysozyme (presumably due to a contamination by regenerated lysozyme formed as a result of hydrolysis of the aspartic acid 52-ester bond during the chemical treatment). The native enzyme, after reduction and reoxidation in the same manner, retained its amino-acid composition, full enzymatic activity, and fluorescence properties. The modified lysozyme, containing homoserine 52, showed the same fluorescence spectrum as the native enzyme. With both proteins, the fluorescence maximum shifted to the blue to a similar extent upon the addition of the saccharide inhibitors tri-(N-acetyl-D-glucosamine) and the cell-wall tetrasaccharide (GlcNAc-MurNAc)(2). The modified enzyme bound these two saccharides with nearly the same binding constants as those found for native lysozyme and for lysozyme that was reduced and reoxidized. Since the side chain of homoserine is similar in size to that of aspartic acid, it is concluded that the loss of enzymatic activity is the direct result of the chemical modification of the carboxyl side chain of aspartic acid 52, thus showing that this amino acid is essential for the catalytic action of the enzyme.


The presence of unique DNA sequences after viral induction of leukemia in mice. (RNA tumor virus-nucleic acid hybridization-insertion of viral DNA). From previous studies, lymphocyte DNA from human leukemias and DNA from involved tissues of patients with Hodgkin's disease or Burkitt's lymphoma contain sequences that are absent from their normal counterparts. These sequences are related to those found in particulate elements associated with these neoplasias and possessing biochemical properties characteristic of RNA tumor viruses. Similar observations have been made of unique sequences related to those of the feline virus RD-114 and found in spontaneous mastocytomas in cats. Here we extend these results to the classical murine model of virus-induced leukemias. Splenic DNA from BALB/c mice with leukemia induced by Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) possess some RLV-related sequences that do not exist in normal BALB/c DNA. Furthermore, these leukemia-specific sequences were absent in all other mouse strains examined, including AKR, a strain with a high incidence of spontaneous leukemia. The DNA of all noninfected mouse strains possesses considerable homology with the RLV genome. Temperature denaturation studies indicate, however, that although the RLV-related sequences found in all normal mice are similar to each other, they are not exactly homologous with RLV sequences. We conclude that RLV-induced leukemia in BALB/c results in the insertion of RLV sequences into cellular DNA that itself possesses only partial homology with the RLV genome.


Requirement for a functional respiration-coupled D-fructose transport system for induction of phosphoenolypyruvate:D-fructose phosphotransferase activity. Previous studies have shown that Arthrobacter pyridinolis can transport D-fructose or L-rhamnose using either a phosphoenolpyruvate:hexose phosphotransferase (phosphoenolpyruvate:protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.9) system or a respiration-coupled transport system which requires the presence of exogenous L-malate. A mutant, AP4374, which is deficient in the D-fructose-specific component of the respiration-coupled system can grow on L-rhamnose using the phosphotransferase system, but cannot grow on D-fructose at all. AP4374 fails to produce the inducible D-fructose-specific phosphotransferase components (enzyme II and factor III) when grown in the presence of D-fructose. These results indicate a requirement for a functional respiration-coupled transport system for induction of the phosphotransferase system. The results further suggest that sufficient free D-fructose (or D-fructose 6-phosphate derived from it) must be present inside the cell in order for induction of the phosphotransferase system to occur. The entry of sufficient fructose to cause induction of the phosphotransferase system cannot occur by facilitated diffusion in the absence of energy coupling.


Distribution of repetitive and nonrepetivite sequence transcripts in HeLa mRNA. Polyadenylated messenger RNA extracted from HeLa cells was hybridized with a mass excess of HeLa DNA. The kinetics of the hybridization reaction demonstrated that most of the messenger RNA is transcribed from nonrepetitive DNA. The amount of messenger RNA hybridized to DNA was measured both with and without prior RNase treatment. Comparison of the results indicates that within the limits of detection, HeLa messenger RNA does not contain repetitive sequence elements covalently linked to nonrepetitive sequence transcripts. However, a small fraction of the HeLa messenger RNA preparation is transcribed entirely from repetitive DNA sequences. This fraction represents about 6% of the total polyadenylated messenger RNA preparation.


Temporal changes in embryonal cell surface recognition. Plasma membranes have been prepared from optic tectum and neural retina of chick embryos. These membranes specifically inhibit the aggregation of homotypic cells. Plasma membranes prepared from each of these regions obtained from chick embryos at 7,8, and 9 days of development show specificity for homotypic cells of the same age and cross-react weakly with homotypic cells of different ages. Thus cell-surface recognition changes with age of development, and most of the cells in each region have a common cell-surface recognition specificity. Tectal cells react weakly with retinal cell membranes, but no inhibition of retinal cell aggregation by tectal cells has been noted.


Prolonged transcription in a cell-free system involving nuclei and cytoplasm. A cell-free system for nuclear-directed transcription has been developed that gives prolonged synthesis in the presence of cytoplasm. The nuclear and cytoplasmic components have been prepared from Krebs II ascites tumor cells for most experiments but further observations indicate that components prepared from other cell types may be used. After an initial 5- to 10-min period of relatively rapid RNA synthesis a linear rate ensues for 2-3 hr. In the absence of cytoplasm no net RNA synthesis occurs after the initial 10-min period. Experiments with alpha-amanitin suggest that about half of the cell-free synthesized RNA is made by RNA polymerase II, the enzyme believed to be responsible for messenger synthesis in vivo.The conditions used for RNA synthesis were derived from conditions found to be optimal for protein synthesis that proceeds linearly for 2-3 hr. It has not yet been possible to demonstrate the synthesis of protein from cell-free synthesized RNA in this system. A major problem here is that isolated nuclei, even when carefully washed, contain a great deal of translatable RNA.


Gene duplication and fixed heterozygosity for alcohol dehydrogenase in the diploid plant Clarkia franciscana. All individuals of the diploid plant Clarkia franciscana, an annual species native to California, have duplicated genes for the dimeric enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase. Since each gene specifies a polypeptide with a distinct charge, the species has a fixed heterozygous phenotype consisting of three isozyme variants. The enzyme is coded by a single gene in closely related species. Clarkia franciscana is highly self-pollinated and monomorphic at all but one of its loci that have been examined. Consequently, the duplication provides enzyme variability in the absence of genetic variability.


Molecular heterosis for heat-sensitive enzyme alleles. Heat denaturation studies were carried out and revealed hidden genic variants with the same net charge at the Octanol dehydrogenase-1 locus in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Studies of several genetic crosses between strains with different heat-sensitivity alleles showed that the F(1) retained more in vitro enzyme activity after being heat-treated for a specified amount of time at a given temperature than the heat-resistant parent. We call this phenomenon "heterosis for heat-stability of enzyme activity" and discuss its possible molecular mechanism, its relation to maintenance of genetic variation in natural populations, and its bearing on the "classical" and "balance" hypotheses.


The effect of azide on phototaxis in Chlamydomonas reinhardi. Phototaxis in Chlamydomonas reinhardi was specifically inhibited by azide. The effect of azide was rapid and reversible, and did not depend upon the intensity of actinic light. Under conditions of completely inhibited phototaxis, azide had no effect on the number of motile cells in the population or on the rate of motility. The effect was not related to changes in oxygen uptake or cellular ATP concentration. Apparently, a cellular component or process specifically involved in phototaxis is inactivated by azide.


Facilitation of development of resistance to morphine analgesia by desglycinamide9-lysine vasopressin. Desglycinamide(9)-lysine vasopressin facilitates development of resistance to the analgesic action of morphine in mice if morphine is administered before the peptide. Desglycinamide(9)-lysine vasopressin is not a morphine antagonist, and does not appear to cause either hyperalgesia or alteration of the response to the technique used for evaluating analgesia.


The sites of transcription and translation for Euglena chloroplastic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. We find that cycloheximide completely blocks the light-induced apearance of Euglena chloroplastic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in dark-grown cells of Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris. Streptomycin, on the other hand, has no effect on the light-induction of these organellar enzymes. These observations, together with the finding that an aplastidic mutant (strain W(3)BUL, which has neither significant plastid structure nor detectable chloroplast DNA) contains low levels of the chloroplastic synthetases, indicate that the chloroplastic synthetases are transcriptional products of nuclear genes and are translated on cytoplasmic ribosomes prior to compartmentalization within the chloroplasts.


Isolation and in vitro translation of delta-crystallin mRNA from embryonic chick lens fibers. Of the protein synthesized and accumulated during differentiation of embryonic chick lens fibers, 70-80% is the tissue specific protein delta-crystallin. We have isolated and partially characterized the total cytoplasmic mRNA from purified lens fibers of 15-day-old embryos as an initial step toward understanding the regulated expression of delta-crystallin during development. Each lens fiber mass contained an average of 10 mug of cytoplasmic RNA; approximately 0.1 mug per fiber mass was recovered in the mRNA fraction by oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography. The mRNA electrophoresed primarily as a single peak on a polyacrylamide-agarose gel with an apparent molecular weight of about 9 x 10(5) estimated by comparison with 28S and 18S rRNA markers. Of the protein synthesized in response to the mRNA in cell-free systems derived from Krebs II ascites tumor cells or rabbit reticulocytes, 70-80% comigrated with delta-crystallin on sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide-agarose gels. Comparison of the tryptic peptides of delta-crystallin with those of the in vitro products from both heterologous systems established that the lens fiber mRNA contained delta-crystallin mRNA, and that no other functional mRNAs were present in detectable quantities. Thus, the specialization of protein synthesis in embryonic chick lens fibers apparently results from an accumulation of delta-crystallin mRNA in the cytoplasm.


Reconstruction of mammalian cells from nuclear and cytoplasmic components separated by treatment with cytochalasin B. Mouse L929 cells were separated into enucleated cytoplasmic components (cytoplasts) and nucleated subcellular fractions (karyoplasts) in the presence of cytochalasin B. Karyoplasts from cells containing tritiated nuclei were fused, using inactivated Sendai virus, to cytoplasts from cells containing large (1.0-mum diameter) latex spheres in the cytoplasm. Mononucleated cells containing radioactive nuclei and large latex spheres in the cytoplasm were observed among the products of the fusion reaction. Some of these cells were in mitotic configurations. The results indicate that cells capable of undergoing mitosis can be reconstructed from the products of cellular enucleation in the presence of cytochalasin B.


Characteristics of polarographic catalytic waves observed with bovine-serum albumin: effects of type of buffers, pH, ionic strength, calcium, and tetraalkyl salts. Brdicka currents observed with bovineserum albumin in ammoniacal buffers with Co(III) and Co(II) as catalysts are identical only when the concentrations of ammonia and ammonium chloride are at least 0.5 M and 0.05 M, respectively. When these conditions are not fulfilled, and in all Tris and borate buffers, the pattern of Brdicka currents with Co(III) are quite different from those with Co(II). In such buffers the Co(II) is rapidly reduced at potentials slightly more negative than that at which the Brdicka current attains a peak value. In several such buffers the Brdicka current may then reduced to zero. In buffers of low ionic strength (about 0.02) and with Co(III), small concentrations of alkali salts greatly increase Brdicka currents. When the ionic strength of the buffer is 0.05 M or greater, the effect of alkali salts (up to 0.2 M) is small, but even traces of calcium have a large effect in all buffers with Co(III) as catalyst. Evidence is presented that in the presence of calcium all 17 disulfide groups in bovine-serum albumin are reduced at the dropping mercury electrode. Traces of tetraalkyl salts greatly increase Brdicka currents, but the effects is quite different from that of calcium.


A functional examination of hapten-binding derivatives from a murine myeloma protein with immunoglobulin features. Various enzymatic derivatives of the murine myeloma protein IgA(MOPC-315) were subjected to hapten-binding quantitation and circular dichroic analysis in an attempt to ascertain the structural localization and functional definition of the immunoglobulin active site. The extrinsic Cotton effects observed with near saturation of the active site of the derivatives using epsilon-Dnp-L-lysine were qualitatively and quantitatively identical when normalized with respect to their macromolecular content of Dnp-binding sites; ellipticity maxima of 378 and 438 nm and an ellipticity minimum of 325 nm were recorded. Fluorescence quenching data confirmed the molecular nature of the derivation products of IgA(MOPC-315) but also introduced disparity with respect to binding kinetics, i.e., K values of 2.31 x 10(6), 6.62 x 10(6), and 2.06 x 10(7) M(-1) were determined for IgA(MOPC-315), Fab'(MOPC-315), and Fv(MOPC-315), respectively. We speculate that the results can be explained by possible modulating effects on haptenbinding contributed by novel conformations introduced through proteolysis.


Effect of coenzyme Q on serum levels of creatine phosphokinase in preclinical muscular dystrophy. Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) exists in human tissue, and is indispensable to mitochondrial enzymes of respiration. CoQ was administered to children with preclinical muscular dystrophy, CoQ enzymology was emphasized, and serum creatine phosphokinase, CPK, (ATP:creatine N-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.2) was repeatedly monitored.A 40-week treatment of an infant, 1-2 years of age, reduced serum CPK (P < 0.001; total CPK assays, 76). A 40-week treatment of a boy, 3-5 years of age, reduced serum CPK (P < 0.01); treatment through 80 weeks reduced CPK (P < 0.001; total CPK assays, 118). This response of preclinical dystrophy to CoQ implies a deficiency of CoQ in skeletal muscle that was actually found previously by assay of the activity of the succinate dehydrogenase:coenzyme Q(10) reductase of the rectus abdominis. The relationships among a CoQ deficiency in muscle, serum CPK, and use of CPK in muscle are uncertain; however, restoration of CoQ enzyme activity in muscle by oral administration of CoQ could lead to increased use of CPK in muscle to form phosphocreatine from creatine and ATP, with a corresponding decrease in serum levels of CPK. The great excess of CPK in serum comes from deteriorating muscle in which CPK is below normal.


Total substitution of bromodeoxyuridine for thymidine in the DNA of a bromodeoxyuridine-dependent cell line. In an attempt to isolate cells that could survive with total replacement of thymidine by bromodeoxyuridine in nuclear DNA, cells of a bromodeoxyuridine-dependent Syrian hamster line were cultured in medium containing aminopterin and bromodeoxyuridine but no thymidine. A line of cells, called HAB, was isolated. The HAB cells have been maintained in continuous cultivation for over nine months and have undergone more than 125 population doublings. Direct base analysis showed that the level of substitution of bromodeoxyuridine for thymidine in nuclear DNA was at least 99.8%, and possibly 100%. The existence of such cells raises many questions. The expected high frequency of bromodeoxyuridine-induced base transitions, including errors in both replication and transcription, would seem to be incompatible with the apparently stable transmission and expression of the genetic information in these cells.


A photoelectrical device for cineangiographic timing.


Idiopathic aortitis and arteritis in a woman with polycythaemia vera.


The importance of the thoracic duct drainage for the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma.


The effect of Bradilan on the levels of lipoproteins, cholesterol and liposoluble vitamins in the plasma.


Macropyroglobulinaemia in a case of lanthanic paraproteinaemia IgM-L.


The electrophysiological activity of the visual system of rabbit.


Bacteriological, electron microscopical, and biochemical studies on dento-gingival plaque of Moroccan children from an area with low caries prevalence.


Female circumcision.

Female circumcision.


Clinical general semantics.

Clinical general semantics.


Proposed upper limit of respiratory resistance for inhalation apparatus used in labour.


Mortality and morbidity from serial seizures. An experimental study.


Studies on convulsive disorders in young children. 3. Recurrence of febrile convulsions.


Agar culture studies in 127 cases of untreated acute leukemia: the prognostic value of reclassification of leukemia according to in vitro growth characteristics.


DNA polymerases in normal and leukemic human hematopoietic cells.


Studies of residual ridge resorption. I. Use of panoramic radiographs for evaluation and classification of mandibular resorption.


Use of abrasive pastes in polishing composite restoratives.


Studies of residual ridge resorption. II. The relationship of dietary calcium and phosphorus to residual ridge resorption.


In vitro study of discoloration of composite resins.


In vitro assessment of microleakage of pit and fissure sealants.


Evaluating occlusal relationships, mandibular dysfunction, and temporomandibular joint pain by palpation.


Speech intelligibility following prosthetic obturation of surgically acquired maxillary defects.


Arrangement of artificial teeth in abnormal jaw relations: maxillary protrusion and wider upper arch.


Simplified endodontics: chloropercha technique.


Potential pathways for bone resorption in human periodontal disease.


Quinsy tonsillectomy.

Quinsy tonsillectomy.


Influence of serum on the bactericidal activity of neutrophil granulocytes.


The cyto-centrifuge and cerebrospinal fluid cytology.


Liver phosphorylase deficiency in glycogenosis type VI: documentation by biochemical analysis of hepatic biopsy specimens.


Aminopeptidases of mechanically strained and normal rat gingiva, with special reference to aminopeptidase B.


Cytologic presentation of thyroid tumors in aspiration biopsy smear. A review of 60 cases.


Concentration of rare earths in dentine and enamel. A pilot study.


Hematoidin cockleburrs in cervico-vaginal smears.


Coeliac disease. The clinical presentation.


The effect of continuous cell removal on blast cell kinetics in acute leukaemia.


Fetal growth in relation to vaginal cytology.


Systemic lysostaphin in man--apparent antimicrobial activity in a neutropenic patient.


Amount and distribution of extracellular polysaccharides in dental microbial plaque.


The dependenceof Fluoride incorporation into mouse incisor teeth on Fluoride concentration and dosing.


Fluoride uptake in vivo deciduous enamel of children from neutral Fluoride and APF mouthrinses.


Ultrastructure of mineralizations in the human pulp.


Total and free ionic fluoride in human and cow's milk as determined by gas-liquid chromatography and the fluoride electrode.


Cell plasma membrane external surface glycosyltransferases: activity in the cell mitotic cycle.


Plaque formation and dental caries in gnotobiotic and SPF Osborne-Mendel rats associated with Actinomyces viscosus.


A study of lead distribution in human teeth, using charged particle activation analysis.


The place of electrocochleography in clinical audiometry.


Basic principles for electrocochleography.


Apparatus for electrocochleography.

Apparatus for electrocochleography.


Anaesthesia and sedation for electrocochleography.


The current status of vital pulpal therapy. (Direct and indirect pulp capping).


Enzymes in preventive medicine.

Enzymes in preventive medicine.


Nitrous oxide-oxygen psychosedation: some preliminary considerations.


Psychomotor responses to nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation during dental treatment.


Tax planning. What every woman should know about her husband's will. I.


Clinical experiences with Ethrane in E.N.T. and oral surgery.


A significant histamine response with fentanyl: report of a case.


My long struggle with the mandibular block.


Don't dun.

Don't dun.


Guiding occlusal development.

Guiding occlusal development.


The effects of chronic irritation and dimethybenzanthracene in various solvents on experimental carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch.


Temporomandibular joint pain-dysfunction syndrome in a complete denture wearer. Report of a case.


Retention and resistance--a contribution to dental terminology.


Breast feeding vs. bottle feeding as related to dental caries incidence: a review of the literature.


Time analysis of operative procedures related to treatment of carious lesions by amalgam restoration.


Vacuum formed bite raising appliances for tempero-mandibular joint dysfunction.


Patients at large. I.

Patients at large. I.


A new direction in the technique of pressure polymerisation of crown and bridge resins.


Herpes zoster--a review of the literature and a case-history of trigeminal nerve involvement.


On control.

On control.


The early stages of bacterial infection.


The Wits dental student and graduand--a look at some of his problems.


Care and feeding of that brand new doctor.


Removable partial dentures--success or failure.


Hygienist hotline.

Hygienist hotline.


Recurrent minor oral apthae--a case report and review of the literature.


Clinical endodontics.

Clinical endodontics.


Defusing those radiation dangers.

Defusing those radiation dangers.


Footnotes.

Footnotes.


The myofascial pain-dysfunction syndrome.


Free gingival grafts--a new technique.

Free gingival grafts--a new technique.


Degenerative arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint.


Fourth-hand information.

Fourth-hand information.


Interpersonal interaction: your patient and you.


Education is.

Education is.


Removing lower anterior bands.

Removing lower anterior bands.


Some secrets of lingual arch mechanics and stability.


One-arch extraction cases.

One-arch extraction cases.


Part-time evening dental hygiene program.


Extra osseous osteogenic sarcoma--report of two cases.


Hydroxyurea its value in 50 cases of advanced cancers.


Interpersonal interaction: your community and you.


The maturation crisis of a profession.

The maturation crisis of a profession.


An approach to community education.

An approach to community education.


Lingual paresthesia and loss of taste following administration of a combined acidulated phosphofluoride and stannous fluoride topical: a case report.


Medical criteria for work in respiratory hazards.


Physicians' involvement in emergency medical care.


Open-heart surgery in infants under two years of age using deep hypothermia with surface cooling and partial cardiopulmonary bypass.


The effects of cerebral palsy on the size and form of the skull.


Mandibular dental arch form and dimension. Treatment and postretention changes.


The septopremaxillary attachment and midfacial growth. An experimental study on the albino rat.


Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma.

Extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma.


Endoplasmic reticulum size and morphology in bone disorders. Relation to protein synthesis and malignancy.


American Association of Dental Schools standing rules for councils. Revised by the House of Delegates March 20, 1974.


American Association of Dental Schools standing rules for sections. Revised by the House of Delegates March 20, 1974.


President's address.

President's address.


A pathological study of 32 autopsy cases of the so-called splenic agenesis syndrome.


Fluorescence cystoscope assembly. A unit newly designed for biopsy on the bladder mucosa.


A rapid spectrophotometric determination of carboxyhemoglobin in blood.


The study on application of lathyrogen therapy to progressive systemic sclerosis.


An experimental investigation of simulate tooth model dynamically equivalent to human tooth.


Histopathology of labial salivary glands in Sjögren's syndrome.


Detection of extraosseous metastases from osteosarcoma with 99mTc-polyphosphate bone scanning.


99MTc-polyphosphate uptake within pulmonary and soft-tissue metastases from osteosarcoma.


Genetic control of somatic cell fusion in a myxomycete.


Editoral: Grounds for optimism in treating acute granulocytic leukemia.


Custom-cast splints for oral surgical procedures.


Coronary heart disease risk factors in men and women. From the population study in Glostrup, Denmark.


An aggressive fibrous dysplasia.

An aggressive fibrous dysplasia.


Oral psoriasis.

Oral psoriasis.


The adenomatoid odontogenic tumor.

The adenomatoid odontogenic tumor.


Is the temporomandibular joint involved in primary osteoarthrosis?


Occlusal anomalous tubercle on premolars of a Greek girl.


Traumatic eosinophilic granuloma of the gingiva.


A splinting method for replantation of teeth in a noncontiguous arch.


Incidence of two root canals in human mandibular incisor teeth.


Traumatic bone cysts of jaws: diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.


Modified x-ray technique for dentistry with patients in the supine position.


Radiation dosimetry and intraoral radiographic techniques. I. X-ray beam patterns within the head.


Soft-tissue glass impaction.

Soft-tissue glass impaction.


Teeth in a dermoid tumor.

Teeth in a dermoid tumor.


Migrating root tip.

Migrating root tip.


Abrasion caused by three methods of toothbrushing.


Osseous filtration: an improved technique for bone implantation.


Accelerated coronary artery disease arteriographically proved: analysis of risk factors.


Immediate rigid dressing for amputees. Advantages and misconceptions.


Unhappiness and mental illness.

Unhappiness and mental illness.


Hypophysectomy in metastatic prostrate cancer.


Correlation conferences in radiology and pathology. Ascites and fever.


Postpubertal adrenogenital syndrome. Treatable cause of infertility.


Insulin sensitivity in renal failure. Fatal hypoglycemia following dialysis.


Congenital hepatic fibrosis.

Congenital hepatic fibrosis.


A universal adaptor housing for the wide-range hygrosensor.


Medical education in the decade of violence.


Editorial: Project HOPE.

Editorial: Project HOPE.


Decontamination of the East-Radcliffe respirator.


Asepsis in the dental office.

Asepsis in the dental office.


Programming appointments.

Programming appointments.


Diet counseling to prevent caries.

Diet counseling to prevent caries.


Patient relationships--a chairside view.


How to conduct a continuing education workshop.


Restorative dentistry and attendant principles of articulation.


Polished vs. unpolished nylon toothbrush bristles.


A preventive measure for mentally handicapped: mouthrinsing with chlorhexidine.


Twenty-five year old Bass.

Twenty-five year old Bass.


Evaluation of disclosing solutions currently available.


Advantages and disadvantages of associate dentistry and partnerships.


Implants.

Implants.


Motivation--can we influence our patients?


Trauma.

Trauma.


Preventive dentistry at the University of the Pacific.


Some issues raised by water fluoridation.


Adult malocclusions: orthodontics or surgery?


Editorial: Tax-hike on tooth paste and brush.


Inheritance of tooth size and sexual dimorphism in cases of malocclusion.


Bilateral ameloblastic odontoma in mandible.


Facial pain and its management--a clinical study.


Various applications of endosteal implants.


Gerodontia and the development of a gerodontist.


Drying of tooth surfaces with a dental drying agent.


The preparation of rests on mandibular cuspids.


Inflation due to the third party.

Inflation due to the third party.


Shortage of dentists--according to whom?


Geriatric dental care.

Geriatric dental care.


Some teaching aids in prosthetic dentistry.


Malocclusion in Europe.

Malocclusion in Europe.


Long-term effects of malocclusion.

Long-term effects of malocclusion.


A survey of malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment in a Shropshire school population.