Scanning electron microscopic observations on the surface structures of ciliated protozoa in sheep rumen.


Human fetal growth retardation. II. Energy metabolism in leukocytes.


Calorie deficiency in children with uremia: effect upon growth.


Thyroxine-binding globulin deficiency and associated neurological deficit.


Fractional intestinal calcium absorption in azotemic rats in vivo.


Use of radioactive isotope labelled antigens in the detection of enterotoxins.


Muscle glycogen and glycogen synthetase in normal subjects and in patients with diabetes mellitus. Effect of intravenous glucose and insulin administration.


In situ absorption spectra of Drosophila melanogaster visual screening pigments.


Parenteral hyperalimentation. Metabolic problems and solutions.


Prolonged parenteral alimentation: Candida growth and the prevention of candidemia by amphotericin instillation.


Direct measurement of insulin secretory rate: studies in shocked primates and postoperative patients.


Alterations in cellular membrane function during hemorrhagic shock in primates.


Carbon dioxide requiring mutants of Hydrogenomonas eutropha strain H 16. I. Growth and Co2-fixation.


Folic acid and the methylation of homocysteine by Bacillus subtilis. 1. Cell-free extracts of Bacillus subtilis synthesize methionine from serine and homocysteine without added folate. The endogenous folate may be replaced by tetrahydropteroyltriglutamate or an extract of heated Escherichia coli for the overall C(1) transfer, but tetrahydropteroylmonoglutamate is relatively inactive. 2. Extracts of B. subtilis contain serine transhydroxymethylase and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, which are non-specific with respect to the glutamate content of the folate substrates. Methyl transfer to homocysteine requires a polyglutamate folate as methyl donor. These properties are not affected by growth of the organism with added vitamin B(12). 3. The synthesis of methionine from 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate and homocysteine has the characteristics of the cobalamin-independent reaction of E. coli. No evidence for a cobalamin-dependent transmethylation was obtained. 4. S-Adenosylmethionine was not a significant precursor of the methyl group of methionine with cell-free extracts, neither was S-adenosylmethionine generated by methylation of S-adenosylhomocysteine by 5-methyltetrahydrofolate. 5. A procedure for the isolation and analysis of folic acid derivatives from natural sources is described. 6. The folates isolated from lysozyme extracts of B. subtilis are sensitive to folic acid conjugase. One has been identified as 5-formyltetrahydropteroyltriglutamate; the other is possibly a diglutamate folate. 7. A sequence is proposed for methionine biosynthesis in B. subtilis in which methyl groups are generated from serine and transferred to homocysteine by means of a cobalamin-independent pathway mediated by conjugated folate coenzymes.


Fertility problems in captive animals.

Fertility problems in captive animals.


The effect of passively acquired antibodies to Brucella abortus on the immune response to strain 19 vaccine.


Phosphonolipids. XXV. Synthesis of  -octadecyl- -hexadecanoyl-L- -glyceryl-(2-aminoethyl)phosphonate, a homologue of an  -monoether-phosphonocephalin occurring in Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Correct identification by fluorescence patterns of the breaking points in a Y-2 translocation in Drosophila melanogaster.


Emotional reactions to having cancer.

Emotional reactions to having cancer.


Fluorescence studies using anti-nerve growth factor.


Cancer of the pancreas.

Cancer of the pancreas.


Qualitative and quantitative electron probe analysis of cytoplasmic granules in Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Acrosomal proteolytic activity of amphibian sperm. A direct demonstration.


Roles of magnesium and calcium ions in cell-to-substrate adhesion.


Stilbestrol and vaginal cancer in young women. Regarding maternal ingestion of stilbestrol to high-risk pregnant patients during the late 1940's and early 1950's and the appearance of vaginal adenocarcinoma in their female offspring years later, physicians are advised to examine patients whose mothers received stilbestrol during pregnancy.  Once these females reach the menarche, periodic vaginal examinations are required.  A diagnosis of cancer should be considered when abnormal vaginal bleeding occurs.  It is hypothesized that these cancers originate from adenomatous vaginal lesions that become malignant.  The high incidence of benign vaginal adenosis suggests that an anomaly of vaginal epithelial development may be a predisposing condition.  Since reporting on 8 patients in 1970, there is more evidence of an association between maternal stilbestrol administration and vaginal cancer in the offspring.  More than 80 cases of vaginal and cervical adenocarcinoma in young women have been diagnosed.  In most cases the maternal medical history revealed intrauterine exposure to stilbestrol, dienestrol or hexestrol.  The Food and Drug Administration has warned all physicians that stilbestrol is contraindicated in pregnant women.  Physicians who are contacted by worried mothers or anxious young women can be assured that, as yet, the risk appears to be low, but the public should be made aware that adolescent females and young women who had fetal exposure to stilbestrol need regular vaginal examination.


Open letter to Dr. L. Wittelshoefer.

Open letter to Dr. L. Wittelshoefer.


Excision repair (dimer excision, strand breakage and repair replication) in primary cultures of eukaryotic (bovine) cells.


A simplified radioimmunoassay technique for measuring human IgE.


Oral cancer: reconstruction and rehabilitation.


A controlled study of cromolyn sodium sponsored by the Drug Committee of the American Academy of Allergy.


Active rabies immunization in an individual hypersensitive to duck embryo vaccine.


Unproven methods of cancer management.

Unproven methods of cancer management.


Effect of adenine on the riboflavin-sensitized photoreaction. II. Effect of adenine on the photodynamic inactivation of transforming deoxyribonucleic acid in the presence of riboflavin.


Symposium on mammary neoplasia.

Symposium on mammary neoplasia.


Initiation of immune responses against cancer cells.


An unusual case of jaundice due to the common bile duct entering a duodenal diverticulum.


Effect of adenine on the riboflavin-sensitized photoreaction. 3. Effect of adenine on the photodegradation of guanine residues in deoxyribonucleic acid in the presence of riboflavin.


Histone synthesis during synchronized division cycle of Tetrahymena.


Fetal cardiac tamponade. A complication of amniocentesis.


Normalized serum thyroxine (T 4 N). The test for thyroid function in pregnancy.


Serum lactoferrin in leukaemia and polycythaemia vera.


Evidence against human bone marrow lymphocytes being committed haemopoietic stem cells.


Aberrant leucocytozoon infection in parakeets.


The effects of infectious bronchitis superimposed on latent M. gallisepticum infection in adult chickens.


Medullary cancer of the thyroid gland and its possible relations to carcinoids. An ultrastructural study.


Extremembranous deposits and "membranous" glomerulonephritis. Their fine structure, development, and correlation.


On the formal genesis of the Eisenmenger complex.


Connatal endocardial myxoma. Case report and pathogenesis.


The mechanism of wall synthesis in bacteria. The organization of enzymes and isoprenoid phosphates in the membrane. 1. The synthesis of peptidoglycan and teichoic acids by cell-free preparations from Bacillus licheniformis A.T.C.C. 9945 and Bacillus subtilis N.C.T.C. 3610 has been studied under a variety of conditions. 2. It was shown that poly(glycerol phosphate) is synthesized through a lipid intermediate, and it is concluded from this and other work that all major bacterial wall polymers are formed in a similar manner through such intermediates. 3. Close interrelation between the synthesis of peptidoglycan and teichoic acids was demonstrated, and inhibition studies confirm that the polyprenol phosphate molecules participating in the synthesis of peptidoglycan are shared with the systems that synthesize teichoic acids. 4. Nucleotides for the synthesis of one polymer are inhibitory towards synthesis of the other, and these effects can be enhanced or diminished by preincubation of the enzyme system with appropriate nucleotide precursors. 5. It is concluded that the return of undecaprenol phosphate to a common pool occurs only after the completion of polymer chains, and not after each cycle in the attachment of individual repeating units. This and other observations support a model for bacterial wall synthesis in which the multi-enzyme systems for each polymer are closely aligned in the membrane, with a molecule of undecaprenol phosphate located between them in a manner that enables it to be shared. The general mechanisms of wall synthesis and its control are discussed.


The isolation of glycoproteins from bovine achilles tendon and their interaction with collagen. Two glycoprotein fractions, A and B, were isolated from bovine achilles tendon. Glycoprotein A was prepared from a 0.2m-sodium chloride extract and glycoprotein B was isolated from a 3m-magnesium chloride extract. They were free from serum proteins. Glycoprotein A was essentially free of collagen, but glycoprotein B contained about 8% collagen. Both glycoproteins gave several bands on isoelectric focusing. This technique was also used to demonstrate that both glycoprotein fractions interacted strongly with acid-soluble calf skin tropocollagen. It is concluded that these fractions are true components of tendon, and that they may have some function in the macromolecular organization of the tissue.


Magnesium protoporphyrin chelatase activity in Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. Studies with whole cells. 1. Whole cells of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides grown under semi-anaerobic conditions in the light incorporated magnesium into exogenous protoporphyrin when incubated with EDTA or the related chelators EGTA, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ethylenediamine-NN'N'- triacetate and trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetra-acetate. 2. The reaction was demonstrated under anaerobic conditions in the light or at low oxygen partial pressure in the dark. Partial pressures of oxygen greater than 15% inhibited the reaction. 3. Cells grown under pure oxygen were completely inactive, but on adaptation to growth under low oxygen partial pressure (O(2)+N(2), 5:95) the development of activity paralleled the synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll. 4. The reaction with normal cells did not require protein synthesis, but cells that had lost their activity by being illuminated in Mg(2+)-deficient medium did not recover it in the absence of protein synthesis. 5. The product of the reaction was magnesium protoporphyrin monomethyl ester. 6. Evidence is presented that insertion of magnesium is obligatorily coupled with methylation and it is concluded that the reaction is dependent on a multienzyme complex.


Failure of toxogonin to reactivate soman-inhibited brain acetylcholinesterase in monkeys and regeneration of the enzyme.


Isoenzymes of malate dehydrogenase and their regulation in Euglena gracilis Z.


Carbonic anhydrase from Neisseria sicca, strain 6021. I. Bacterial growth and purification of the enzyme.


Carbonic anhydrase from Neisseria sicca, strain 6021. II. Properties of the purified enzyme.


Intrafamilial infection with Neisseria meningitidis, group C. An intense intramural meningeal infestation in a family.


Assay, properties and tissue distribution of p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate hydroxylase.


Genetic effects of amphetamine salt feeding in drosophila.


Effect of age on development of cor pulmonale in nonhuman primates following pyrrolizidine alkaloid intoxication.


Multiple meiotic drive systems in the Drosophila melanogaster male. The behaviour of two "meiotic drive" systems, Segregation-Distorter (SD) and the sex chromosome sc(4)sc(8) has been examined in the same meiocyte. It has been found that the two systems interact in a specific way. When the distorting effects of SD and sc(4)sc(8) are against each other, there is no detectable interaction. Each system is apparently oblivious to the presence of the other, gametes being produced according to independence expectations. However when the affected chromosomes are at the same meiotic pole an interaction occurs; the survival probability of the gamete containing both distorted chromosomal products is increased, rather than being decreased by the combined action of two systems.


Changing population structure through the use of compound chromosomes. Theoretical calculations and population cage data are presented to illustrate the use of compound chromosomes to change the genetic structure of insect populations.


Clonal variation in paramecium. II. A comparison of stable and unstable clones of the same serotype. Paramecium generally expresses only one antigen on its surface from among an array of antigens. This mutual exclusion of antigens now has been shown in certain instances to be illusory. Unstable clones which will give rise to subclones with new serotypes possess several antigens. Unstable clones, even though they manifest only one serotype, continually manufacture an antigen other than the surface antigen characteristic of the serotype.


The effect of treatment with heat, 2-mercaptoethanol or cysteine on the antigenicity of IgE.


Developmental analysis of the wing disc in the mutant engrailed of Drosophila melanogaster. The engrailed (en) mutation leads to the transformation of the posterior structures of the dorsal mesothoracic disc into those characteristic of the anterior region of the same disc. Similar posterior-anterior duplications have been detected in dorsal as well as ventral structures of all the thoracic segments. -Genetic combinations of en with other pattern mutants have shown their synergistic effect on the posterior wing pattern.-A clonal analysis of the en wing disc shows that en affects its development in a characteristic way. The genetic change, by induced mitotic recombination, of en(+) into en cells is followed by the corresponding transformation, except when it takes place some cell divisions prior to differentiation.-The en posterior wing disc cells show positive affinities with normal anterior wing disc cells in aggregates.-The mode of action of the en(+) locus controlling wing disc development is discussed.


Autonomic neurons in the spinal cord of the Rhesus monkey: a correlation of the findings of cytoarchitectonics and sympathectomy with fiber degeneration following dorsal rhizotomy.


Late transport of vitamin B 12  by transcobalamin II.


The kinetics of the release of bradykinin by kallikrein in normal human plasma.


Purification and properties of a soluble ribonuclease from yeast cells in the stationary phase of growth.


F(ab') 2 -like immunoglobulin fragments in urines from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.


Comparative solubility of bone and skin collagen in primates including man.


The microdetermination of blood lead in children by flameless atomic absorption: the carbon rod atomizer.


Bull semen ribonucleases: immunological correlations with pancreatic ribonuclease.


Reversal of inhibition of enzymes and the model of a spike oscillator.


Graphic representation of Botts-Morales equation for enzyme-substrate-modifier system.


Transcription after bacteriophage SPP1 infection in Bacillus subtilis. The role of the host polymerase in Bacillus subtilis infected with phage SPP1 was studied in vivo with regard to production of phage-specific and host-specific ribonucleic acid (RNA) and to phage yield. Evidence is presented that the subunit(s) of B. subtilis RNA polymerase which is sensitive to rifampin and streptolydigin is necessary at all times during infection for phage production. The synthesis of phage RNA and the phage yield in strains resistant to either antibiotic were unaffected by the drug. Host RNA synthesis continued throughout infection; phage-specific RNA never accounted for more than 20% of pulse-labeled RNA at any time during infection.


The public must pay--it can be no other way.


Natural history of meningococcal disease in basic training at Fort Dix, N. J.


Drug abuse among American soldiers in West Germany.


Deep venous thrombosis of the upper extremity possibly related to oral contraceptives: case reports.


Reaction to contrast media--is it a dose related phenomenon?


Silicone for immersion foot prophylaxis: where and how much to use.


Case for diagnosis.

Case for diagnosis.


Neisseria meningitidis cellulitis.

Neisseria meningitidis cellulitis.


A technique for the continuous recording of gastric vascular tonicity.


The development of melanosomes in the pigment epithelium of the chick embryo.


Similar times of differentiation of acid phosphatase heterozygotes in two syngens of Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Hydrolysis of amino acid ester derivatives by alkaline proteinase C of pronase.


Substrate activation and substrate inhibition of trypsin-like enzymes from three strains of Streptomyces species.


Hemocyanin from Dolabella auricularia. 3. Recombination of Ca 2+  ion to EDTA-treated hemocyanin.


Possible occurrence of a succinate-glycine cycle in Rhodospirillum rubrum.


A simple differentiation of polychlorobiphenyls from chlorinated naphthalenes.


Disruption of short-term visual memory by electrical stimulation of inferotemporal cortex in the monkey.


Further studies of the striate and extrastriate visual cortex in the tree shrew.


Mycotoxins in feedstuffs and their effect on dairy cattle.


Intravaginal immunization of humans with Candida albicans.


Rabbit precipitin antibody to chicken erythrocyte histone F2C.


A mechanism for the unresponsive state in BALB-c mice after repeated doses of sheep erythrocytes.


Antigenic competition and nonspecific immunity after a rickettsial infection in mice: restoration of antibacterial immunity by phenyl-imidothiazole treatment.


C3 shunt activation in human serum chelated with EGTA.


Complement-unlike hemolytic activity in lobster hemolymph.


Affinity chromatography of anti-meningococcal antiserum.


Prevalence of hepatitis B virus antigen as revealed by direct radioimmune assay with  125 I-antibody.


Reaginic antibody receptors on murine mastocytoma cells.


Structural studies of human J chain.

Structural studies of human J chain.


Cerebral hemodynamics. The critical closing pressure.


Experimental protein-calorie malnutrition: rapid induction of protein depletion signs in early-weaned rats.


Absorption of carbohydrates in malnourished rats.


Increased requirement for magnesium during parenteral therapy for granulomatous colitis.


Meningococcemia in a newborn infant whose mother had meningococcal vaginitis.


A new model for Na fluxes in amphibian oocytes.


Reversal of the rapid morphological reaction of platelets.


Effects of heating and cooling the spinal cord and medulla oblongata on thermoregulation in monkeys. 1. In the unanaesthetized monkey (Macaca cyclopis), heating the spinal cord or the medulla oblongata from 38 to 42-43 degrees C produced subcutaneous vasodilatation, respiratory acceleration (frequently interrupted with a period of apnoea in the medullary experiment), bradycardia and hypotension. The animal became drowsy and had a slight decrease of body temperature. Heating the medulla oblongata often induced retching and/or emesis.2. Cooling the spinal cord or medulla oblongata from 38 to 32-33 degrees C produced subcutaneous vasoconstriction, slower respiration, tachycardia and hypertension. The animal became restless and had a slight increase of body temperature. Cooling the spinal cord induced shivering of the four limbs, while cooling the medulla oblongata induced only shivering of the jaws.3. The effects of heating or cooling of the spinal cord or the medulla oblongata were antagonized by simultaneous application of temperature displacement of the opposite nature in the same areas or vice versa.4. The data suggest that some thermosensitive elements possibly responsible for thermoregulation reside in the spinal cord and the medulla oblongata.


Experimental studies of the life cycle of Leucocytozoon simondi in ducks in Norway.


Eimeria and Klossia spp. (protozoa: sporozoa) from wild mammals in Borneo.


An electronmicroscopic study of the microgamete of Haemoproteus columbae Kruse.


An immobilization antigen in Tetrahymena pyriformis expressed under conditions of high salt stress.


Differential effect of phosphate starvation on the rates of cell division and plastid replication in Euglena.


Localization of glyoxylate cycle enzymes in glyoxysomes in Euglena.


Enzyme activity pattern and mitochondrio-cytoplasmic relations in protozoa. Comparative study of Tetrahymena pyriformis, Allogromia laticollaris, and Labyrinthula coenocystis.


Microbicidal activity of human eosinophils.


Levels of foetal erythrocytes in the puerperal patient with particular reference to mode of delivery and ABO status.


Transmutation of carbon-14 within DNA of Drosophila melanogaster spermatozoa.


Reappraisal of an autoanalyzer haemagglutination system for anti-D quantification.


The protective effect against E. coli of O and K antibodies of different immunoglobulin classes.


Formation of hybrid IgM subunits.

Formation of hybrid IgM subunits.


Separation of cells according to surface antigens by the use of antibody-coated columns. Fractionation of cells carrying immunoglobulins and blood group antigen.


Viral arteritis of horses.

Viral arteritis of horses.


Microcirculation of the heart.

Microcirculation of the heart.


Research related to malaria. A review of achievements and further needs.


Leukocyte kininogenases and leukokinins from normal and malignant cells.


Evaluation of the indirect hemagglutination test as an epidemiologic technique for malaria.


The indirect fluorescent antibody test for malaria.


Mosquito population control through the use of chemosterilants.


Studies on the characterization of plasmodium vivax strains from Central America.


Predators and pathogens for mosquito control.


Decrease of antibody response to Mycoplasma synoviae in chickens infected with Marek's disease herpesvirus.


Electroencephalographic power-spectral changes coincident with onset of carbon dioxide narcosis in rhesus monkey.


Oral pigmentation of marmosets.

Oral pigmentation of marmosets.


A serologic survey of military personnel and dogs in Thailand and South Vietnam for antibodies to Arboviruses, Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, and Pseudomonas pseudomallei.


Temperature dependence of absorption and fluorescence spectra of bacteriochlorophylls in vivo and in vitro.


Intravenous feeding with amino acids and fats.


Glucuronyltransferase activity towards diethylstilbestrol in rat and hamster: effect of activators.


Hypothalamic hypothyroidism.

Hypothalamic hypothyroidism.


Folic acid deficiency: early onset of megaloblastosis.


The production of a highly specific antibody to human platelets.


Another tungsten microelectrode.

Another tungsten microelectrode.


Summary of recent abstracts. IV. Trypanosomiasis.


Coagulation studies in a case of severe congenital hypofibrinogenemia.


Psychogeriatrics. Report of a WHO scientific group.


Medical treatment of angina pectoris. 3. Pharmacology of sublingual nitrites as antianginal drugs.


Effects of antianginal medication on hemoglobin affinity for oxygen.


The relationship of protamine sulfate to nonspecific precipitin reactions in immunodiffusion.


Evaluation of various antisera and gels for detection of hepatitis-associated antigen by immunodiffusion and immunoelectroosmophoresis tests.


The biochemical sequelae of RhoGAM inoculation in Rh-positive and Rh-negative postpartum women.


Home care total parenteral alimentation.


Presidential address: some comments on the transduction of experience by the brain: implications for our understanding of the relationship of mind to body.


Infrared absorption angiography of the choroid and some observations on the effects of high intraocular pressures.


Ocular anomalies in trisomy 13-15: an analysis of 13 eyes with two new findings.


Changes in canine ventricular dimensions with acute changes in preload and afterload.


Influence of external ATP on permeability and metabolism of dog red blood cells.


Cardiovascular diseases related to geochemical environment. Hypertension and the geochemical environment.


Reversal by a specific peptide (diacetyl-alpha gamma-L-diaminobutyryl-D-alanyl-D-alanine) of vancomycin inhibition in intact bacteria and cell-free preparations. Vancomycin inhibited the growth of Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus lysodeikticus, and in cell-free preparations from B. megaterium it inhibited the formation of mucopeptide and enhanced the accumulation of the lipid intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway. All these inhibitory processes were reversed by the presence of a synthetic peptide analogous to un-cross-linked mucopeptide side chains, namely diacetyl-l-diaminobutyryl-d-alanyl-d-alanine. A considerable amount of vancomycin was found in recovering cells, whether recovery was caused by peptide or took place naturally because a low initial concentration of antibiotic was used. In cell-free preparations pretreated with vancomycin, continued inhibition of mucopeptide synthesis depended on the presence of cell-wall material. This inhibition was also reversible by added peptide.


The form of retinol-binding in human serum.


Studies on the particulate lactose synthetase of mouse mammary gland and the role of  -lactalbumin in the initiation of lactose synthesis. 1. Some of the kinetic properties of the particulate lactose synthetase of mouse mammary gland were investigated and shown to resemble those that have been reported for the soluble enzyme. Typical values for intact preparations were 2.3mum for the apparent K(m) for alpha-lactalbumin at 40mm-glucose and 1.7mm for the apparent K(m) for glucose at the endogenous concentration of alpha-lactalbumin. 2. Digitonin treatment increased total assayable activity approximately twofold but almost eliminated the endogenous activity found in the absence of alpha-lactalbumin, these findings being consistent with the location of endogenous activity within Golgi vesicles. 3. From the properties of the particulate fraction from lactating mice it was deduced that the effective endogenous alpha-lactalbumin concentrations were in the range 1-10mum. 4. The concentration of alpha-lactalbumin was not significantly different in particles isolated at various stages of pregnancy and early lactation. 5. The implications of these results for the control of lactose synthetase in vivo are discussed.


1-(O- -glucosaminyl)-2,3-diglyceride in Bacillus megaterium. 1. A lipid that contains glucosamine but not phosphorus has been isolated from Bacillus megaterium. It constitutes about 5% of the total lipid glucosaminide in this organism and can be distinguished chromatographically from 2'-(O-beta-glucosaminyl)phosphatidylglycerol and 3'-(O-beta-glucosaminyl)phosphatidylglycerol, which are also present. 2. The lipid contains glycerol, fatty acids and glucosamine in the molar proportion 1:2:1. The fatty acids are bound by an ester linkage and are similar to those found in other lipids of this organism. Partial acid hydrolysis or alkaline hydrolysis of the lipid yields 1-(O-beta-glucosaminyl)glycerol and degradation with nitrite yields 2,5-anhydromannose and diglyceride. 3. The lipid has been identified as 1-(O-beta-glucosaminyl)-2,3-diglyceride.


A requirement for zinc ions for deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by lymphocytes stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin.


Regulation of dipicolinic acid biosynthesis in sporulating Bacillus cereus. Characterization of enzymic changes and analysis of mutants. Some of the early enzymes in the lysine-biosynthetic pathway also function for dipicolinic acid synthesis in sporulating Bacillus cereus T. 1. The first enzyme, aspartokinase, loses its sensitivity to feedback inhibition by lysing. This change occurs before the time of dipicolinic acid synthesis but at a time when diaminopimelic acid is required for spore cortex formation. 2. A possible regulatory change at a branch point in the pathway was studied by examining the properties of a key enzyme, dihydrodipicolinic acid reductase. No alteration in the feedback sensitivity or sedimentation rate of this enzyme could be detected during sporulation. 3. Two mutants producing heat-sensitive spores were analysed. Both produced spores that contained decreased amounts of dipicolinic acid. Although neither was a lysine auxotroph, they both had greatly decreased activities of certain lysine-biosynthetic enzymes in sporulating cells. 4. Starvation of cells for calcium also results in the production of spores that are heat-sensitive and contain less dipicolinic acid than the control. A decreased content of one of the lysine-biosynthetic enzymes, dihydrodipicolinic acid synthetase, in calcium-starved cells could account for the lower concentration of dipicolinic acid in the spores.


DNA replication in synchronized cultured mammalian cells. IV. Replication of African green monkey component and bulk DNA.


RNA polymerase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.


Purification and some properties of a ribonuclease from rat liver ribosomal fraction.


Light-stimulated synthesis of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in greening Euglena gracilis.


The IgG subclasses of red cell antibodies and relationship to monocyte binding.


Factors influencing onset of ventricular fibrillation following coronary artery occlusion in a subhuman primate (Cape Chacma baboon).


Pathways in medulla oblongata of monkeys mediating splanchnic nerve activity. Electrophysiological and anatomical evidence.


Muscle afferent input to single cells in primate somatosensory cortex.


Maturational changes in brain water and electrolytes in rhesus monkey with some implications for electrogenesis.


Time of recovery of voluntary movement following dorsal rhizotomy.


Osmoreceptors and neurosecretory cells in the supraoptic complex of the unanaesthetized monkey.


Transsynaptic response of the lateral geniculate nucleus and the pattern of degeneration of the nerve terminals in the rhesus monkey after eye enucleation.


Integrated therapy of cancer of the maxillary antrum.


Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in patients with neoplastic disease.


Effects of temperature on oxidative phosphorylation of liver mitochondria from hamster, rat and squirrel monkey.


Aging, total body potassium, fat-free mass, and cell mass in males and females between ages 18 and 85 years.


Studies on substrate specificities and subcellular location of multiple forms of peptide hydrolases in guinea-pig intestinal mucosa.


Scanning electron microscopy of female reproductive tract.


Electron microscopic study of an avian reovirus that causes arthritis.


"Anaerobic" growth of gonococci, and candle jars.


Mechanisms of hyperthyroidism.

Mechanisms of hyperthyroidism.


Light and luteinizing hormone.

Light and luteinizing hormone.


Neural associations of the frontal cortex. Recent anatomical findings in the monkey indicate that the frontal cortex receives associative afferents from the visual, auditory, and somatosemsory areas of the cortex. The inferior parietal lobule and the inferior temporal cortex are important way-stations in these cortico-cortical afferent pathways. The olfactory system represents a fourth sensorium having access to the frontal cortex, namely, by way of substantial projections from the pirifom cortex and olfactory tubercle to the medial subdivision of the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus. Additional afferents to this nucleus originate from various fore- and midbrain structures implicated in the circuitry of the limbic system; such afferents could well be ediators of information related to the organism's internal milieu. On the efferent side, the frontal cortex is associated with the inferior parietal, temporal, cinguloparahippocampal cortex, and entorhinal area; it is the only cortical region known to project directly to the hypothalamus and hypothalamus-related structures in the paramedian midbrain tegmentum. The mosaic of origin and termination of the various connections indicates that the convexity of the frontal lobe (especially its caudal half) is reciprocally associated with the parietal and temporal cortex, while the major associations with the hippocampal mechanism originate from two separate areas, viz. the caudal orbitofrontal cortex and a region dorsal to the sulcus principalis, frontal fields from which also the major fronto-hypothalamic connections arise.


Thalamic unit activity and delayed alternation performance in the monkey. Single unit activity was recorded from the thalamus of rhesus monkeys while they performed a delayed-alternation bar-pressing task. Nine units in the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus were activated prior to the lever presses of the contralateral hand, as indicated by an EMG of the triceps brachii muscle. In this same region, no units were found that became active during the delay period. In contrast, three units in the ventralis lateralis nucleus of the thalamus were activated simultaneously with lever presses. The results indicate that the dorsomedial nucleus may be involved with the initiation of lever pressing responses in the delayed alternation task. The thalamic units studied here were compared with those observed previously in the prefrontal cortex and the caudate nucleus.


Cortical steady potential shifts and anodal polarization during delayed response performance. Two experiments are described in which monkeys with chronically implanted non-polarizable electrodes in prefrontal, precentral, and occipital cortex were trained on delayed response (DR) tasks for food rewards. In the first experiment, involving recordings of cortical steady potentials (SPs), variations in DR task parameters enabled us to delineate three surface negative SP shifts during the DR trial: (i) before cue presentation, (ii) following the response when reward is eaten, and (iii) at the start of the delay period. The first two shifts are interpreted as indicative of diffuse neuronal processes related to "expectancy" and "reinforcement", respectively, since similar shifts were recorded from other cortical areas. The third shift, recorded only from prefrontal cortex, is interpreted as a correlate of short-term spatial memory formation. Its magnitude was unaffected by variation in duration of either the cue or the delay period, but was significantly correlated with the level of correct perfomance (r's from 0.74 to 0.90 for four monkeys). In the second experiment, surface anodal polarization was applied to prefrontal cortex in three monkeys during acquisition sessions of 4-sec or 8-sec DR. In all monkeys higher acquisition rates were obtained under polarization than under comparable non-polarization conditions. The most dramatic facilitation was obtained with 40 pa current applied throughout several successive sessions. These findings support the concept of excitability changes of prefrontal neurons during DR performance.


Electrical stimulation of cortical-caudate pairs during delayed successive visual discrimination in monkeys. The anterodorsal head of the caudate nucleus is the recipient of efferent projections from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex while the tail of the caudate receives fibers originating in inferotemporal cortex. In order to investigate whether anatomically related members of these two systems are also functionally related, monkeys were trained on a delayed successive visual discrimination task. Electrical stimulation was administered during varied portions of individual trials to determine when in each trial performance was most disturbed as a function of the structure stimulated. Comparisons of stimulation effects allowed for examination of both functional dissociation and functional equivalence. Performance was maximally impaired when a 2 sec train of stimulation was applied to the principal sulcus region of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or to the anterodorsal head of the caudate nucleus early during the delay or was delivered to posterior inferotemporal cortex or the tail of the caudate during cue presentation. No significant differences were seen between stimulation performance curves drawn for two members of each anatomically related system. Thus it appears that the anatomical systems may be functionally dissociated while the anatomically related structures within these systems show a functional equivalence; however the nature of this equivalence is uncertain. The theoretical functional relationship of the cortical-caudate pairs is also considered.


Some features of the dorsolateral frontal and inferotemporal syndromes in monkeys. Our frontal- and temporal-lobe experiments to date support the following conclusions. Anterior temporal or inferotemporal lesions affect object learning set retention, and older work dealing with this task has indicated that temporal ablations, at the very least, retard initial acquisition of the set. Inferotemporal monkeys may lose object sets and yet have no deficits in either the learning or short-term retention of single visual habits. Their well-known impairments in visual pattern learning are products of background-cue learning which become most marked in test situations which bias their responses to these cues. Their pattern-learning deficit is an accentuation of a normal characteristic of the monkey, and implies no profound qualitative alteration of the way that they perceive stimuli. Our work that has dealt with frontal preparations indicates that Jacobsen's effect can be produced either by proactive interference or by difficulties in attending. The latter are probably compensable if lesions are produced in very early infancy, but data from experiments with cats has suggested that perseverative interferences are not. Perseverative tendencies can be suppressed with practice in discrimination learning situations, but the tendencies can then be fully reinstated by relatively minor distractions. Frontal-lobe lesions have almost no effects upon object learning set formation, nor do they have important effects upon a monkey's short-term retention of a habit.


Movement organization and delayed alternation behavior of monkeys following selective ablation of frontal cortex. The delayed alternation problem was tested in monkeys either according to the routine procedure (SS test), or when additional cues were added which were operating in the moment of executing the response. These additional cues involved different sensations in effort of the perfomed movement  sliding heavy object vs. sliding light object (sS test), as well as different sensations in pattern of movement and joints - sliding vs. lifting of an object (SL test). In normal the training of SL task was the easiest one, whereas the sS task was in some animals much more difficult than the SS task, and in others equivalent to this task. Removals in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex were made: total, only principalis sulcus, and only the rest of the area. Total and principalis lesions produced a severe impairment of all three tasks, while the third lesion produced only a slight deficit. The character of the impairment in the first two groups largely depended on the order in which the animals learned the three tasks in the pre-operative training.


A search for the spatial engram within the frontal lobes of monkeys. Four investigations were conducted concerning the relationship between sulcus principalis and the monkey's spatial capacities. The results of the first two studies indicated that lesions limited to the middle third of sulcus principalis but including both the superior and inferior banks resulted in severe deficits on spatial delayed-alternation and plsace reversal learning. Lesions of the anterior or posterior sectors of principalis or of the periarcuate region produced only mild, if any, impairments on the same spatial tasks. The third study demonstrated that the midprincipalis sector could be differentiated from the anterior and posterior sectors of principalis on anatomical as well as functional bases. The midprincipalis sector had heavy projections to the cingulate and retrosplenial regions while the posterior third had many efferent connections with the parietal lobe. The anterior third had limited projections to the cingulate region and none to the parietal lobe. The fourth investigation demonstrated that intact neural structures could assume some spatial functions after sequential destruction of sulcus principalis. Monkeys with serial, in comparison to one-stage, bilateral ablations of sulcus principalis demonstrated normal performance on a delayed-response task and on some place reversals, and partial recovery of delayed-alternation.


Neostriatum and functions of prefrontal cortex. A review of recent anatomical evidence shows that every neocortical area and many nuclei from the dorsal thalamus project to restricted neostriatal regions. The neurobehavioral literature offers many examples of the same results obtained with lesions, stimulations or recordings in a neocortical area and the associated neostriatal region. This evidence is abundant in the case of the prefrontal cortex and rostra1 neostriatum, but it is available also for other corticoneostriatal pairs. It seems possible to conclude that the function of a neostriatal region is determined by its cortical and possibly by its thalamic input. However, the possibility that the behavioral effects of lesions and stimulation of neostriatum were in fact produced by involving the fibers passing to and from the overlying cortex has not been convincingly excluded. An attempt was made to develop a simple concept about the relation between the prefrontal cortex and the region of neostriatum associated with it. A serial paradigm, suggesting that prefrontal cortex in adult monkeys and cats acts via neostriatum when mediating performance in certain behavioral tasks, seems to account for most of the available data.


The frontal lobe system: cortical-subcortical interrelationships. The prefrontal cortex in the monkey is related structurally and functionally to several subcortical structures in such a way as to suggest that they constitute a neural system. Both anatomical and behavioral evidence justify implicating in such a system the prefrontal cortex itself, the head of the caudate nucleus, the globus pallidus, the substantia nigra, the subthalamic nucleus, the septal nuclei, the hippocampus, the centromedian nucleus, and the hypothalamus. There is, furthermore, an indication that this system is organized into at least two well-defined subsystems: a "dorsal" system originating in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex involving the anterodorsal sector of the caudate, the lateral pallidum, the subthalamic nucleus, and the hippocampus; an "orbital" system originating in the orbital prefrontal cortex and involving the ventrolateral sector of the caudate nucleus, the medial pallidum, the centrornedian nucleus, the hypothalamus and the septal nuclei. While the anatomical and behavioral dissociation between these two systems is emphasized, attention is also drawn to the many possibilities for the two systems to converge upon one another.


Developmental determinants of cortical plasticity. A central problem in neuropsychology concerns the mechanisms by which functions are restored following injury to the brain. Functional recovery is particularly striking following damage to the cerebrum in early life and accordingly our studies deal with the effects of prefrontal cortical lesions performed on infant monkeys. We describe here two essentially different patterns of behavioral recovery following selective lesions of the dorsolateral and orbital prefrontal cortex. Following orbital lesions in infancy, the monkeys are impaired when tested initially between 12 and 18 months of age but give evidence of substantial recovery when they are retested at 24 months of age. In contrast, monkeys given dorsolateral resection early in life exhibit sparing of function during the initial period of testing but this impunity usually associated with dorsolateral injury in infancy gives way later to a picture of retarded development. We attribute these two patterns of recovery - progressive and regressive - to differential rates of development of the two prefrontal cortical regions involved. Our evidence suggests that while orbital cortex becomes functionally mature by 1 year of age and probably earlier, the elaboration of dorsolateral function is delayed well into the second year of life. We propose that the dorsolateral cortex, by virtue of its relative immaturity at the time of orbital excision, can come in time to subsume the functions of the orbital cortex but that the orbital cortex may be functionally "committed" too early in life to compensate reciprocally for injury sustained by the dorsolateral cortex.


Alterations in aversive and aggressive behaviors following orbital frontal lesions in rhesus monkeys. We utilized the methods of comparative psychology and of ethology to assess the effects of frontal lesions on species-specific aversive and aggressive behaviors in rhesus monkeys. Removal of orbital frontal (OF) cortex enhanced aversive reactions and reduced aggressive reactions in several threatening situations, including a social colony. The deficit in aggresion was not due to enhanced aversion or to locomotor hyperactivity. Nor did the OF monkeys lose the capacity to execute aggressive reactions. Rather, their degree of deficit seemed to vary with the degree of threat in the test situation. Moreover, these emotional alterations are produced by lesions restricted to the posteromedial portion of OF cortex, which is closely associated with limbic structures, as well as by lesions of the dorsomedial nucleus, with which this portion of OF cortex is interconnected. While lesioning either of these structures reduced aggression and enhanced aversion, amygdalectomy reduced both aggression and aversion. The view that monkeys with OF lesions are overaroused by threatening situations was not supported by analysis of autonomic responses following OF lesions. The emotional alterations produced by OF lesions may be due to the disturbance of stress mechanisms which prepare the organism for reacting appropriately to highly threatening situations.


Evolution, behavior and the prefrontal cortex. There are two distinct but equally important methods for studying behavioral evolution; one emphasizes the phylogenesis and adaptednes of behavior; the other seeks to discover general principles regarding processes and mechanisms of biological significance, without primary concern for historical (phylogenetic) considerations. Neuropsychologists have relied almost exclusively upon the second of these approaches. This paper argues that both orientations are required for a proper study of the evolution of the prefrontal cortex and its functions, and advocates an increased application of ethological principles and methods in compaiative studies of prefrontal cortical functions.


Some hypotheses concerning the functional organization of prefrontal cortex. The paper deals with systematization of the behavioral disorders after partial prefrontal lesions. It is assumed that depending on the localization of lesions two disorders may be discerned: impairment of drive inhibition (meaning by this only preservative but not protective drives) land of motor-act inhibition. The first deficit leads to the disinhibition of no-go responses in Pavlovian differentiation, the second one to the disorder of R1-R2 differentiation due to the difficulty of switching from one response to the other. Different parts of the prefrontal cortex are engaged in directional response and nondirectional response differentiation. It is posltulated that drive inhibition depends on the limbo-prefrontal system, whereas motor-act inhibition depends on the premotor-prefrontal system for manipulatory responses and the caudate-prefrontal system for locomotor responses.


Role of prefrontal and anterior temporal cortex in social behavior and affect in monkeys. Prefrontal or anterior temporal but not cingulate cortex lesions lead to major deficits in all aspects of social behavior including maternal protectiveness, aggressiveness, group cohesiveness, defense of territory, maintenance of hierarchical status, and, even, sexual behavior. Lesions of visual association cortex, on the other hand, fail to produce such deficits. Rather, these deficits appear to be spedfically emotional in nature and not related to impairments in perceptual or sensory functions. Prefrontal and anterior temporal cortical lesions also produce major losses in both facial expressions and in vocalizations suggesting these functions in the rhesus monkey participate primarily in emotional and socia1 communications. In keeping with this interpretation, present studies show a major difficulty in bringing rhesus monkey vocalizations under instrumental or conditioned control. Thus, in this species, there exists a major difficulty of access between the volitional control mechanisms of the cortex and the vocalization apparatus. The present findings support the hypothesis of a duel control of the face and voice in man whereby there still exists prominently the emotional or affective element which mediates all involuntary or spontaneously emotive expressions of feeling. This more primitive and aged mechanism for face and voice control utilizes quite different neural control mechanisms than does the more recently derived system which provides for a volitional face and voice control. This more recent system has developed embedded wlithin the posteriorly located analytic and mnemonic cortical tissues and provides for communications between individuals within the species at symbolic, verbal levels.


Unity and diversity of frontal lobe functions. In attempting to summarize recent work on functions of granular prefrontal cortex in primates, including man, and possible homologues of these structures in rodents and carnivores, four question need to be asked, the questions of 'where', 'when', 'what' and 'how'. Progress since the Pennsylvania Symposium has been considerable for questions of 'where' and 'when': localization of symptoms ('where') fields a double gradient (up-down and back-to-front) in monkeys, and a right-left difference in man; analysis of time factors ('when') distinguishes early and late lesions, single and serial removals, or succeeds in recording and stimulating at critical moments during performance. However, problems of 'what' and 'how' are still largely unsolved: we do not yet know what various prefrontal symptoms sigify, in terms of normal function, and are only beginning to see how individual prefrontal neurons act and interact. Advances on these questions are likely if one exploits an extended version of those hypotheses about prefrontal physiology that attribute to these structures neither purely sensory nor purely motor functions but consider them instead as sources of 'corollary discharges' whereby the organism presets its sensory systems for the anticipated consequences of its own action.


The medical treatment of angina pectoris. IV. Nitroglycerin as an antianginal drug.


Antibody and immunoglobulin synthesis in germfree and conventional mice infected with Plasmodium berghei.


Antibody and immunoglobulin synthesis in germfree and conventional mice infected with Eperythrozoon coccoides.


In vitro detection of cytotoxic antibodies to Schistosoma mansoni schistosomules.


Chronic salmonellosis, urinary schistosomiasis, and massive proteinuria.


Prolonged antibacterial activity of a fluorescein-anesthetic solution.


Glaucoma.

Glaucoma.


Phagocytosis of degenerating retinogeniculate terminals in the squirrel monkey, saïmiri sciureus.


Activity of osmosensitive single cells in the hypothalamus of the behaving monkey during drinking.


Infection of American smelt in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie with the microsporidian parasite Glugea hertwigi (Weissenberg).


Chromosome mapping in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Development, cellular growth and function of the avian oviduct. 3. Electrophoretic and immunological patterns of soluble proteins from each region of domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus) oviduct during a reproductive cycle.


Hexose-ATP phosphotransferases: comparative aspects. 3. Interrelationships of animal hexokinases.


Bronchial asthma treated with cromolyn sodium: a double-blind crossover study.


Changes in hypothalamic biogenic amines and serum LH in the ewe during the estrous cycle.


Streptococcus uberis of bovine mastitis origin: isolation, characterization, and serology of two mucoid strains.


Localization of carbonic anhydrase activity in turtle and toad urinary bladder mucosa.


Preparation of bovine immunoglobulins and free secretory component and their specific antisera.


Cellular localization of hepatitis-associated antigen in livers of patients with different forms of hepatitis.


Immunity to influenza in ferrets. 3. Proteins in nasal secretions.


Cholera immunology. II. Serum and intestinal secretion antibody response after naturally occurring cholera.


The slow bactericidal effect of tetracycline and minocycline on wall-defective staphylococcus.


Effects of carbon dioxide anaesthesia on Drosophila melanogaster.


Hormonal control of protein granule accumulation in fat bodies of Drosophila melanogaster larvae.


Scopoletin, an atmospheric contaminant from plant and pollen decomposition. Not an allergen.


Diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus.


Oral therapy in diabetes.

Oral therapy in diabetes.


Species choice in safety evaluation.

Species choice in safety evaluation.


Comparison of PCB intoxication in animals with human symptoms.


The view box. Pharyngeal (Zenker's) diverticulum and aspiration pneumonia.


Strontium beam therapy.

Strontium beam therapy.


Psychophysiological significance of skin potential activity in monkeys.


Fast neutron therapy.

Fast neutron therapy.


Immunochemical properties of a thyroglobulin-like 12S iodoprotein in a congenital bovine goitre.


Serum alpha-feto-protein (AFP) in ouchterlony-negative primary liver cancer (PLC) and other conditions.


The incidence of Rh iso-immunization in termination of early pregnancy.


A calibration procedure for the definition of drug resistance and the assessment of different techniques.


Immunoglobulin quantitation.

Immunoglobulin quantitation.


Preparation of human IgA as by-product of routine fractionation.


Two siblings with Rh null  disease.

Two siblings with Rh null  disease.


Separation of haemagglutinins from haemolysins in extracts of the albumin gland of Helix aspersa.


Craniofacial adaptation of protrusive function in young rhesus monkeys.


Purification and crystallization and some physico-chemical properties of acid pyrophosphate phosphohydrolase of vegetable origin.


Effects of orthodontic force upon replanted teeth: a histologic study.


The effects of orthodontic force on replanted teeth: a radiographic survey.


Carcinoma of the nasopharynx. Review of 146 patients with emphasis on radiation dose and time factors.


The hoax of national health insurance.

The hoax of national health insurance.


Preoperative irradiation in cancer of the head and neck.


Kinetics of cooperative conformational transitions of lineal biopolymers.


Genetic aspects of hemoglobin synthesis.


Ion transport and electrogenesis in bacteria.


The transport of methyl  -glucoside by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


The effect of growth conditions on the mucopeptide composition of walls of Bacillus subtilis W23.


The scrapie agent: a small deoxyribonucleic acid-mediated virus?


Oxidation of p-dimethylaminomethylbenzylamine by pig kidney diamine oxidase. A new method for spectrophotometric assay. 1. The oxidation of some para-substituted benzylamines by diamine oxidase produces the corresponding aldehydes. This was studied to develop a spectrophotometric method for following the enzyme reaction, as the aldehydes produced absorb strongly at 250nm where the substrates are almost optically transparent. 2. p-Dimethylaminomethylbenzylamine was the most useful substrate and full details of its preparation are given. The synthesis of its related oxidation product, p-dimethylaminomethylbenzaldehyde, is also described. 3. The effects of variations in pH, ionic strength, temperature and oxygenation on the reaction are described and the usefulness of the method is illustrated by several applications and assessed by comparison with the standard spectrophotometric assay.


The microbial biosynthesis of methionine. 1. The enzymes leading to the methylation of homocysteine have been examined in three micro-organisms: a cobalamin-producing bacterium, Bacillus megaterium; a yeast, Candida utilis; and a basidiomycete fungus, Coprinus lagopus. The yeast and the fungus contain negligible endogenous cobalamin. 2. Extracts of each organism catalyse C(1)-transfer from serine to homocysteine with a polyglutamate folate coenzyme. 3. The enzymes generating the methyl group of methionine from C-3 of serine have similar properties in each case, but different mechanisms of homocysteine transmethylation from 5-methyltetrahydrofolates were found. 4. B. megaterium contains an enzyme with properties suggestive of a vitamin B(12)-dependent homocysteine transmethylase, whereas Cand. utilis and Cop. lagopus transfer the methyl group by a reaction characteristic of the cobalamin-independent mechanism established for Escherichia coli. 5. The specificity of each transmethylase for a 5-methyltetrahydropteroylpolyglutamate is consistent with the results of analyses of endogenous folates in these organisms, which showed only conjugated forms. 6. None of the extracts catalysed methionine production from S-adenosylmethionine and homocysteine. 7. These results are compared with results now available for methionine synthesis in other organisms, which show a considerable diversity of mechanisms.


Continuous intragastric feeding in infants.


Folate metabolism in Streptococcus faecalis. The possibility that the inability of Streptococcus faecalis to utilize 5-methyltetrahydropteroylglutamate or pteroyltriglutamate might be due to permeability was investigated. Whereas the former was taken up by S. faecalis cells growing on pteroylglutamic acid, the latter was not. No subsequent conversion of the 5-methyltetrahydropteroylglutamate took place and accumulation, which was against a considerable concentration gradient, was inhibited by fluoride. It would thus appear to be an active process.


Left atrial C wave and mitral leaflet size.


The treatment of early cancer of the penis with megavoltage x-rays.


Nitroglycerin on the carotid artery and femoral artery of the dog.


Differences in the number of molecules produced by two allelic electrophoretic enzyme variants in D. melanogaster.


Gel diffusion methods for determination of protease and protease-inhibiting activities.


Experimental production of hypersensitivity pneumonitis with bagasse and thermophilic actinomycete antigen.


Immunochemistry of sperm whale myoglobin. XI. Modification of two glutamic acid residues and their role in the antigenic reactivity.


Intermediate cells of the pancreas. I. Ultrastructural characterization.


Arginyl transfer ribonucleic acid protein transferase and endogenous acceptor proteins in cultured mammalian cells.


Evidence that the synchronized production of new basal bodies is not associated with DNA synthesis in Stentor coeruleus.


Homicide and nitroglycerin: a case of drug interaction?


Flavipucine (3'-isovaleryl-6-methylpyridine-3-spiro-2'-oxiran-2(1H),-4(3H)-dione), an antibiotic from Aspergillus flavipes.


Production of clinical form of chronic subdural hematoma in experimental animals.


Transorbital pituitary stalk section in primates.


An improved selective medium for atypical mycobacteria.


Trends in health-insurance operating expenses.


Administrative costs of health insurance: a different view.


Frequencies of amylase variants in Drosophila melanogaster.


Short-lasting, competitive neuromuscular blocking activity in a series of azobis-arylimidazo-(1,2-a)-pyridinium dihalides.


Whither Rh disease?

Whither Rh disease?


OH radicals in radiation sensitization.

OH radicals in radiation sensitization.


Catabolism of serumalbumin in x-irradiated mice.


The prostaglandins, their antagonists and their possible significance in ocular disease.


Salivary gland immunoglobulin and rheumatoid factor synthesis in Sjögren's syndrome. Natural history and response to treatment.


Characterization of the starch-degrading enzyme of Corynebacterium diphtheriae type gravis.


Mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa affected in dissimilatory nitrate reduction.


Submerged growth of the cultivated mushroom, Agaricus bisporus.


Thyroid (plasma BEI) response to chair restraint in the monkey.


Biochemical investigations on conidiation of Aspergillus nidulans in submerged liquid culture.


Intracranial chemical injection and behavior: a critical review.


Species variations in the metabolism of phenol.


Biological activity of double-stranded ribonucleic acid fragments.


Metabolism of prostaglandin E 1  by human plasma.


The lipid-teichoic acid complex in the cytoplasmic membrane of Streptococcus faecalis N.C.I.B. 8191. 1. A lipid-teichoic acid complex was isolated from Streptococcus faecalis N.C.I.B. 8191. The covalent nature of the linkage between teichoic acid and lipid was established. 2. The complex exhibits macromolecular properties in solution, and ultracentrifugation studies show that these are due to micelle formation. 3. From chemical studies it is concluded that the teichoic acid is a poly(glycerol phosphate) in which some of the glycerol hydroxyl groups possess kojibiosyl [2-O-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha-d- glucopyranosyl] substituents, together with d-alanine ester residues. 4. The lipid is 1-kojibiosyl diglyceride, already known as a membrane component of this organism, with probably a phosphatidyl substituent. The phosphatidyl kojibiosyl diglyceride is attached to the teichoic acid through a phosphodiester linkage, and the chain of the teichoic acid contains 28-35 units. 5. Although the complex represents the whole of the membrane teichoic acid in this organism, only about 12% of the membrane glycolipid is associated with teichoic acid. 6. Two phosphatidyl glycolipids, closely resembling that bearing the teichoic acid, were isolated from the lipids of the organism and were partly characterized.


Affinity-chromatography studies on the A protein of lactose synthetase.


Synthesis and biological activity of five tetrahydrocannabinol metabolites.


Metabolism of (-)-  9 - and (-)-  8 -tetrahydrocannabinol by monkey liver.


Single step purification of ovine luteinizing hormone by affinity chromatography.


Human galactose 1-phosphate uridyltransferase. Purification, antibody production, and comparison of the wild type, Duarte variant, and galactosemic gene products.


Purification and properties of an extracellular protease of Staphylococcus aureus.


Gas chromatographic data for polychlorinated biphenyl components in six aroclors.


On the recovery of transcription after inhibition by actinomycin D. After pulse exposure to concentrations of actinomycin D (AMD) sufficient to abolish transcription, Vero cells recover RNA synthesis much more rapidly than most other cell types. This is only in part attributable to the remarkable capacity of Vero very promptly to excrete bound AMD, elimination of which, although necessary, is not a sufficient condition for resurgence of RNA synthesis. After elimination of higher concentrations of AMD from Vero, although over-all RNA synthesis resumes a normal rate within 24 hr, protein synthesis lags, and a long period of division-delay ensues. Division-delay lasting 2-3 days results from exposure of Vero to doses of AMD greater than those that suppress RNA synthesis by greater than 90% (e.g. 1 microg/ml for 2 hr) but not by lower doses, which permit almost immediate reentry into the cell cycle. In contrast, although L cells recover over-all RNA synthesis very slowly after pulse treatment with AMD, resumption of protein synthesis or cell division is not comparably delayed thereafter. These and other data suggest that the early restoration of RNA synthesis in Vero after relief of inhibition by AMD is qualitatively imperfect. The results reported herein are explainable by the hypothesis that the synthesis of those species of RNA which are involved, directly or indirectly, in reactivating the transcription of genes controlling progression in the cell cycle is relatively resistant to suppression by AMD. Decay of such RNA templates and their products, which differs in different cell types during inhibition by AMD, determines the duration of division-delay.


Quantitative sputum culture as a means of excluding false positive reports in the routine microbiology laboratory. A relatively simple technique for sputum homogenization and dilution is described. Results show that this technique is reliable for isolation and quantitative culture of organisms from cases of chest infection. The technique has resulted in significant reduction in false positive reports, particularly when a system of interpretative reporting is utilized based on 10(7) organisms per millilitre of sputum being accepted as evidence of significant infection.


The measurement of serum thyroxine in children. A competitive protein-binding method was used to determine serum thyroxine concentration throughout childhood, adolescence, and in young adults. The values showed a gradual decrease as the child became older and reached adult levels by the time of adolescence. The range (mean +/- 2 SD mug/100 ml) for cord serum was 8.8-14.8; for 4 weeks to 11 years, 6.5-13.9; for 11 to 17 years, 5.4-12.2, and for young adults 6.0-11.2.


The sensitivity of diphtheria bacilli to eight antibiotics. Antibiotics are of equal importance to antitoxin in the treatment of diphtheria, as an effective antibiotic rapidly halts the production of toxin. There appear to have been only two reports of the sensitivity of diphtheria bacilli to various antibiotics and these are based on the examination of less than 60 strains. In this paper the sensitivity of 192 strains to eight representative antibiotics is reported.


Herpesvirus saimiri in marmoset-mouse hybrid cell lines.


Mixed culture cytopathogenicity induced by virus preparations derived from cultures infected by simian sarcoma virus.


Lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma in two white-handed gibbons, Hylobates lar.


Lung puncture aspirate and blood culture taken immediately after death in malnourished children.


Juvenile xanthogranuloma.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma.


Thyroxine-binding globulin: specificity for the hormonally active conformation of triiodothyronine. The conformational requirements for binding of triiodothyronine to thyroxine-binding globulin were investigated with triiodothyronine analogs having restricted rotation at the ether bond. Although it has been reported that the predominant conformation of triiodothyronine carries the 3' iodine in a position proximal to the phenylalanine ring, the analog for the distal, hormonally active orientation of the 3' iodine is more effective in displacing triiodothyronine and thyroxine from thyroxine-binding globulin. The lower binding affinity of thyroxine-binding globulin for triiodothyronine as compared to thyroxine may be explained by specificity of the binding site for the less abundant conformation of triiodothyronine.


Air quality criteria and guides for urban air pollutants. Report of a WHO Expert Committee.


Kinetics of burn edema formation in primates.


Antigen in infectious hepatitis.

Antigen in infectious hepatitis.


Laboratory investigation into the aetiology of human viral hepatitis.


Laboratory tests for Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen and antibody.


Intestinal microvascular architecture in endotoxic shock.


Organ culture of rabbit small intestine: prolonged in vitro steady state protein synthesis and secretion and secretory IgA secretion.


Diffuse nodular lipomatosis and diverticulosis of the small intestine.


Abnormal social development of protein-malnourished rhesus monkeys.


Abnormal concentrations of dopamine in a Drosophila mutant.


Percutaneous infraclavicular subclavian venipuncture.


Chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver in cryoglobulinaemia. Hepatic biopsy showed either persistent or aggressive chronic hepatitis in 11 patients with cryoglobulinaemia not attributable to known disease entities, whereas liver impairment was not in every case suggested by either physical examination or functional abnormalities. The incidence was predominantly in women and cryoglobulin behaviour was similar in these patients and in five subjects with cirrhosis-associated cryoglobulinaemia. It is concluded that liver disease should be included among the constant features of the cryoglobulin-associated syndrome, and the speculation is advanced that in cryoglobulinaemic patients both cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis may be caused by the same pathogenic mechanism(s).


Blood loss after partial gastrectomy.

Blood loss after partial gastrectomy. Six male and three female patients previously iron deficient after a partial gastrectomy were investigated using a whole body counter to measure their percentage (59)Fe retention. No significant difference in iron loss between postgastrectomy patients and controls was found in the majority of subjects over a study which lasted from 175 to 225 days. The detection of increased free iron loss requires a more sensitive double isotope faecal recovery method. Two patients developed acute bleeding during the study and the whole body counter provided clinically useful data on blood loss. If patients develop gastrointestinal blood loss after partial gastrectomy either a recurrent ulcer or a site of blood loss elsewhere (eg, in the lower bowel) should be excluded.


Thyrotropin releasing hormone: enhancement of dopa activity by a hypothalamic hormone. Thyrotropin releasing hormone potentiates the behaviorial effects of dopa plus pargyline in mice. Because the potentiation occurs in hypophysectomized mice, as well as in normal mice, the phenomenon is independent of the release of thyroid stimulating hormone from the pituitary. Possible mechanisms and clinical implications are discussed.


Immunological methods in diagnosis of protozoan diseases in man and domestic animals.


Genetic variants of esterases in tissues of Bufo arenarum.


Mast cells in the central nervous system of several rodents.


Immunologic response of cancer patients modified by immunization with tumor vaccine.


Frozen human plasma and bacterial contamination.


Periodicity of serum prolactin concentration.


Source of contamination in haemodialysis equipment.


Mass spectrometric identification of Mirex residues in crude extracts and in the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls.


Biochemical and serological characteristics of Lancefield groups E, P, and U Streptococci and Streptococcus uberis.


Listeic abortion studies in sheep. I. Maternofetal changes.


Unit activity in experimental epileptic foci during focal cortical hypothermia.


Effects of dorsolateral frontal lesions on responsiveness to various stimulus parameters in the pigtail monkey.


Unitary afterdischarges from the auditory cortex of the squirrel monkey.


Discrimination against tritium by fully deuterated algae.


The effect of mass on promethium retention and removal from the rat.


Design and evaluation of a scanning-bed wholebody counter for use in clinical studies.


Staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin A in cream and butter.


Hemoglobin and folate levels of pregnant teen-agers.


Production of aflatoxin in a medium fortified with sodium chloride.


Biosynthesis of phenazines.

Biosynthesis of phenazines.


The gross pathology of the rhesus monkey placenta.


Use of Palmer nails in fixation of medial malleolar fractures about the ankle.


Ribosomal ribonucleic acids of cultured cells: a preliminary survey of differences among mammalian species detectable by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.


Penicillin treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. A comparison of schedules and the role of specific counseling.


Prostaglandins and aspirin.

Prostaglandins and aspirin.


Effect of the gene lethal (1) myospheroid on Drosophila embryonic cells in vitro.


Changes in mother-infant relationship after separation in Rhesus monkeys.


Simultaneous acoustic and optical microscopy of biological specimens.


Haemoglobin polymorphism in the Rhesus macaque.


Effects of  - and  -ecdysone on in vitro diploid cell multiplication in Drosophila melanogaster.


The medical and surgical treatment of angina pectoris.


Intra-uterine transfusion in a County Obstetric Service.


Metabolic and hemodynamic considerations in patients with pancreatic pseudocyst.


Aberrant leucocytozoon infection in parakeets.


Further examples of Miltenberger cell class V, one of them inerited with a depressed M antigen.


Interaction between placental alkaline phosphatase and ABO system polymorphisms. Effects on the clinical manifestations of feto-maternal ABO incompatibility.


Attempt to select human group O red cells for use in the immuno-adherence test for detection of the Australia antigen.


Bovine tuberculosis in humans in Ontario. The epidemiologic features of 31 active cases occurring between 1964 and 1970.


Tuberculin negative tuberculosis.

Tuberculin negative tuberculosis.


Pulmonary cryptocococcis followed by pulmonary tuberculosis. A case report.


Fluorescence microscopy of tubercle bacilli using inexpensive apparatus.


IgA deficiency in sarcoidosis. A case report.


The effect of disodium cromoglycate on plasma 17-hydroxycorticoid concentration during exercise.


Tests for niacin production.

Tests for niacin production.


The enterohepatic circulation of bile salts.


Bile acids, liver injury, and liver disease.


Properties of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and its action on Bacillus subtilis transforming DNA.


Dephosphorylation and aggregation of rat liver glycogen synthetase.


Electron acceptors in reaction center preparations from photosynthetic bacteria.


Isolation and partial characterization of P870 reaction center complex from wild type Rhodospirillum rubrum.


The importance of bile in reflux oesophagitis and the success in its prevention by surgical means.


Function, dysfunction and diseases of the small and large intestine.


Hemodynamic response of oral long-acting nitrates: evidence of gastrointestinal absorption.


Experimental autologous joint transplantation.


Regulation of the formation of proteinases in Bacillus megaterium. VI. Some physicochemical properties of the proteinases from sporogenic and asporogenic Bacillus megaterium KM.


Carbon dioxide induced changes in the electroretinogram of drosophila unaccompanied by altered phototactic behaviour.


Effect of nicotine on the motility of the oviducts in the rhesus monkey: a preliminary report.


Clinical syndromes associated with skeletal dysplasias.


Mutagenic and antifertility activity of trimethylphosphate in Drosophila melanogaster.


Prolactin stimulation by thyrotropin-releasing hormone in a patient with isolated thyrotropin deficiency.


Metabolic acidosis resulting from intravenous alimentation mixtures containing synthetic amino acids.


Parenteral nutrition: substrate and secretagogue.


Megaloblastic anemia after anticonvulsive therapy.


Conditionally defective helper adenoviruses and satellite virus replication.


Cancer chemotherapy. I.

Cancer chemotherapy. I.


Polychlorinated biphenyls: metabolic behavior of pure isomers in pigeons, rats, and brook trout. The metabolic behavior of pure mono-, di-, tetra-, and hexachlorobiphenyl isomers in pigeons, rats, and brook trout was investigated. Excreta from these animals were extracted and examined by chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques. The results showed conversion of the 4-chloro-, 4,4'-dichloro-, and 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl isomers into monohydroxylated derivatives by the rat and pigeon whereas no hydroxymetabolites were detected in the excreta of the brook trout. No hydroxylated products of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl were detected in the excreta of pigeons, rats, or brook trout.


Blood transfusion and tropical disease.

Blood transfusion and tropical disease.


The occurrence of Klossiella Smith and Johnson, 1902, in Praomys jacksoni (De Winton).


Subclinical malabsorption in Thailand. I. Intestinal absorption in Thai children.


Morphological aspects of the duodenojejunal mucosa in protein--calorie malnourished children and during recovery.


Gastrointestinal flora of children with protein--calorie malnutrition.


Facilitation of iron absorption by ferric fructose.


A clinical pulp cap study.

A clinical pulp cap study.


Effect of heparin on renal function in patients with oliguria. The effect of short-term administration of heparin has been studied in seven patients with oliguric glomerulonephritis, five with accelerated hypertension, and three with transplant rejection. Measurements were made of the glomerular filtration rate, radiofibrinogen catabolism, and complement inhibition. Beneficial effects on fibrinogen catabolism were found in some cases of accelerated hypertension and transplant rejection, but heparin alone had no dramatic effect in glomerulonephritis. Heparin produced an increase of glomerular filtration rate, but in-vivo inhibition of complement by heparin was small.


Meiotic segregation of compound-3 chromosomes in Drosophila.


Fine structure of the spore sheath of some Streptomyces species.


A transmissible resistance element from a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa containing no detectable extrachromosomal DNA.


Shortening of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pili after RNA-phage adsorption.


Direct agglutination test in the detection of anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies in mice.


Failure of oriental spargana to immunize the hypophysectomized rat against the sparganum growth factor of Spirometra mansonoides.


Auditory evoked averaged responses in monkeys.


Advances in paediatrics.

Advances in paediatrics.


Psychosomatic medicine. X. Psychosomatic aspects of epilepsy.


Transient and receptor potentials in the electroretinogram of Drosophila.


The detection of Australia antigen by immunodiffusion and counterelectrophoresis.


Motor dysfunction of the gastro-intestinal tract.


Unfamiliar roentgen findings in pancreatic disease.


Pulmonary ossification associated with long-term busulfan therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia. Case report.


Separation and isolation of mycobacterial antigens by continuous-flow electrophoresis.


The influence of route of administration of interferon on its therapeutic effect.


Reproduction of influenza C Taylor 1233 virus in various tissue systems.


Studies of antigens associated with Hodgkin's disease.


Incidence of monoclonal proteins in a Minnesota community with a cluster of multiple myeloma.


Electron beam therapy of the post-mastectomy chest wall.


Combined fractionated isotopic and external irradiation of the liver in Hodgkin's disease--a study of 21 patients.


The effect of hypoxia on radiation life shortening in Drosophila melanogaster.


The response of spontaneous mammary tumours in C3H mice to methotrexate and radiation under hyperbaric oxygenation.


A study of some haemoglobin variants, haptoglobin types, ABO and Rh blood groups in a sample of Liberians.


The ABO and Rhesus blood groups of diabetic mothers and their newborn babies.


L x-ray measurement of actinide metabolism using  243 Am in mice.


Selective inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by 2-deoxyadenosine in the blue-green bacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum. Concentrations of deoxyadenosine which have little effect on net ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis or on increase in cell mass selectively inhibit deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in Agmenellum quadruplicatum. Exogenously supplied deoxyadenosine, at concentrations above 10 mug/ml, stimulates DNA degradation. These results are correlated with a rapid loss in viability. Over a narrow concentration range (6-15 mug/ml), deoxyadenosine impairs the division process and induces the formation of elongated cells. Low exogenous concentrations of deoxyadenosine are readily incorporated into both DNA and RNA, with the major portion as DNA.


Evidence for specific inhibition of translocation of aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid by the pretreatment of ribosomes of Bacillus subtilis with p-chloromercuribenzoate. The biological activities of Bacillus subtilis ribosomes pretreated with 0.5, 1, or 2 mmp-chloromercuribenzoate (PCMB) were examined. The ribosomes treated with 1 or 2 mm PCMB lost their capacity to synthesize polyphenylalanine as well as the capacity to bind phenylalanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid. On the other hand, approximately 70% of the polyphenylalanine synthesis capacity was lost with ribosomes pretreated with 0.5 mm PCMB. This inhibition was found to be due to a specific inhibition of the translocation step. The effect of 0.5 mm PCMB was reversed by 20 mm Mg(2+) without the loss of PCMB bound to ribosomes, while beta-mercaptoethanol partially reversed the inhibitory effect with concomitant loss of bound PCMB.


Some unique properties of the deoxyribonucleic acid-bearing portion of the bacterial membrane. By using the M-band technique we have shown that portions of the membranes of Bacillus megaterium and Escherichia coli vary in their affinity for magnesium-Sarkosyl crystals and in phospholipid composition. The portion to which deoxyribonucleic acid is attached comprises as little as 4% of the total cell membrane, has a particularly high degree of affinity for magnesium-Sarkosyl crystals, and is rich in phosphatidylethanolamine. The M-band fractionation does not depend on the use of lysozyme.


Specificity, induction, and absorption of pesticin. Irradiation of pesticinogenic (Pst(+)) cells of Yersinia pestis with ultraviolet light resulted in a five- to eightfold increase in titer of intracellular pesticin. Extracellular activity in irradiated or control cultures never approached that found within the bacteria. Upon chromatography of crude extracts of Pst(+) cells on columns of diethylaminoethyl-cellulose, Sephadex G200, and calcium hydroxyapatite, fractions were recovered which inhibited the growth of indicator cells of Escherichia coli, Y. pseudotuberculosis, Y. enterocolitica, and Pst(-)Y. pestis. By means of these methods, in conjuntion with fractional precipitation with ammonium sulfate, the antibacterial activity was purified to homogeneity (as judged by disc gel electrophoresis and analysis by double diffusion in agar). The relative sensitivity of each cell type was constant and not affected by the state of purification. These findings indicate that the pesticin molecule alone accounts for lethality. Cells of E. coli and Y. pseudotuberculosis were about 100 and 10 times more sensitive to pesticin, respectively, than were those of Pst(-)Y. pestis. Activity directed against sensitive cells of these three species was enhanced by 0.1% ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and completely inhibited by 0.01 m hemin or 0.001 m Fe(3+). The response of Y. enterocolitica to pesticin was variable in the presence of EDTA and was not influenced by Fe(3+). Attempts to detect common surface structures responsible for absorption of pesticin by the four cell types were not successful.


Activity of deoxyribonucleic acid fragments of defined size in Bacillus subtilis transformation. The transforming activity of Bacillus subtilis deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that had been sheared and purified with respect to size by sucrose gradient sedimentation is given as a function of the DNA molecular weight. It is shown (i) that fragments of median molecular weight 1.2 x 10(6) have finite activity (10(-4)), (ii) that the shape of the activity-versus-molecular weight function is qualitatively similar to that observed previously for Diplococcus pneumoniae, and (iii) that this shape precludes interpretation in terms of critical size models.


Potassium content during growth and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Vegetative and sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis retain a higher level of internal potassium than do nonsporulating stationary-phase cells. The addition of manganese to nonsporulating stationary-phase cells, at concentrations required for sporulation, rapidly stimulates uptake and net accumulation of potassium and induces sporulation.


Differential amino acid requirements for sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. The amino acid requirements for sporulation were studied by use of auxotrophic mutants of Bacillus subtilis 168. Cells were grown to T(0) in medium containing the test amino acid and were then transferred to a minimal medium lacking that amino acid. Omission of leucine caused no reduction in sporulation. Omission of methionine, lysine, and phenylalanine appeared to cause reduced levels of sporulation, and sporulation was completely inhibited when isoleucine, tryptophan, and threonine were omitted. The amino acids in this third class showed a sequence of requirements, with tryptophan required earlier than isoleucine, which in turn was required earlier in the sporulation process than threonine. Isoleucine omission did not affect the early sporulation functions of extracellular protease formation or septum formation, but prevented the increased levels of protein synthesis and oxygen consumption that normally accompany early sporulation stages. Isoleucine did not appear to be metabolized to other compounds in significant amounts during sporulation. The role of isoleucine in the sporulation process remains unclear.


Gluconate regulation of glucose catabolism in Pseudomonas fluorescens. Induction of Entner-Doudoroff pathway enzymes in Pseudomonas fluorescens was investigated to study the role of gluconate as a possible inducer. Glucose oxidase-deficient mutants were isolated and characterized. One of these mutants, gox-7, was deficient in particulate glucose oxidase; another mutant, gox-17, was deficient in particulate glucose and gluconate oxidase activities. Gluconate, but not glucose, induced synthesis of gluconokinase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase in both mutants. High constitutive levels of 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase were found when both mutants were grown on glucose. Growth of parent and both mutant strains on glycerol also resulted in high levels of Entner-Doudoroff pathway enzymes. It was concluded that glucose cannot serve as an inducer molecule for derepression of Entner-Doudoroff pathway enzymes in P. fluorescens. Evidence presented provides good support for gluconate being the true inducer of this pathway in P. fluorescens. A relationship is presented for explaining distribution of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway in certain groups of bacteria.


Location of calcium within Bacillus spores by electron probe x-ray microanalysis. Spectroscopic microanalysis of the element-characteristic X rays produced by a scanning electron microprobe was employed to detect calcium and carbon in both intact and thin-sectioned spores of Bacillus cereus T and B. megaterium QM B1551. Linear scan profiles and multilinear scan images of the X-ray emissions for calcium (Ca(Kalpha)) were compared with those for carbon (C(Kalpha)) as an index of mass. Location was accomplished by stereological comparisons with secondary electron images and conventional transmission electron micrographs. Although the elements could be detected at the attogram level theoretically, spatial resolution was limited to approximately 500 to 1,000 nm in an intact spore, e.g., by the primary electron beam diameter, the electron-excited spore microvolume, and the type of specimen support. The resolution was improved to approximately 100 to 200 nm by use of thin-sectioned spores, with precautions to prevent calcium leakage from the specimen during preparations. In both intact and sectioned spores, calcium was distributed throughout the spore, similarly to carbon, and concentrated mainly in a central region corresponding to the spore protoplast.


Pleiotropic properties and genetic organization of the tolA,B locus of Escherichia coli K-12. Colicin-tolerant mutants of Escherichia coli K-12, which map near gal at 17 min (tolA, B mutants), have been isolated and characterized. These mutants exhibited a very broad spectrum of phenotypic changes consistent with the interpretation that they are cell surface mutants. In addition to being colicintolerant and sensitive to deoxycholate and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, tolA, B mutants are sensitive to vancomycin, bacitracin, and dodecyl sulfate. The tolA, B mutants from most strains also formed mucoid colonies at 30 C on nutrient agar plates and had a greatly increased plating efficiency for lysisdefective S mutants of bacteriophage lambda. Complementation analysis showed that the four phenotypic groups of tol mutants that map near gal fall into three complementation groups: tolP, tolA, and tolB. Recombination analysis by three-factor crosses established the order of the three groups as tolP-tolA-tolB-gal. Because of the wide variety of phenotypic changes that accompanies mutation to colicin tolerance, revertants were isolated to test whether single or multiple mutations were involved. The reversion analysis, as well as other genetic criteria, confirmed that only single mutations were involved, suggesting that these pleiotropic changes are a consequence of a single change in the E. coli cell surface.


Effect of diethyl pyrocarbonate on the biological acitivity of deoxyribonucleic acids isolated from bacteriophages.


Replication of avian infectious bronchitis virus in African green monkey kidney cell line VERO.


Bursectomy and thymectomy of obese strain (OS) chickens with spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis and simultaneous experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.


The immunologic specificity and biologic activity of heterologous anti-human sera. I. Properties of rabbit anti-human fibroblast sera.


Effect of anti-mouse IgG on some complement-requiring alloantibodies of the mouse.


Humoral and cellular responses to Trypanosoma cruzi infection.


Induction of temporary IgA deficiency in mice injected with heterologous anti-immunoglobulin heavy chain antisera.


The effect of enzyme digestion on the antigenicity and biologic activity of Clq.


Production of antibody to homologous  -fetoprotein in rabbits, rats and horses by immunization with human  -fetoprotein. The production of antibody to homologous alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in rabbits, rats, and horses by immunication with human AFP is reported.  The antigens were administered subcutaneously 5 times at intervals of 7-10 days.  Rabbits and dogs received 1 mg of human AFP/ml of the homologous pooled newborn serum with each injection while the rats received 1/2 of the dose.  The horses received 5 mg/ml/injection.  2 weeks after the last injection, antisera were collected and immunologic assays were performed by the Ouchterlony method and the reversed version of the Mancini method.  High titered antibodies were produced in all animals except in the dog.  The rabbit, rat, and horse antibodies crossreacted with their own homologous AFP.  Attempts to produce antibody with homologous AFP in rabbits, rats, and dogs were unsuccessful.


Genetic aspects of selective immunoglobulin A deficiency.


A ring-20 chromosome.

A ring-20 chromosome.


Drainage of the abdomen.

Drainage of the abdomen.


Experiences with the microneurosurgical treatment of bilateral acoustic tumors.


Multiple ureteral diverticula. Case report with a discussion of etiology.


Heavy chain diseases.

Heavy chain diseases.


Natural anti-B isoagglutinin deficiency in IgM or IgG monoclonal diseases and normal level in IgA monoclonal disease.


A clinical trial of antilymphocyte globulin in renal transplantation. Failure to observe a significant improvement.


Quantitative determination of antiglobulins of the IgG, IgA, and IgM class in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or chronic liver disease and of healthy persons.


Scanning electron microscopy of drosophila mutant and wild type eyes.


Eye movements evoked by collicular stimulation in the alert monkey.


Isolation of bovine syncytial virus in Britain.


Primary vestibulocerebellar fibers in the monkey: distribution of fibers arising from distinctive cell groups of the vestibular ganglia.


Diazepam treatment of local anesthetic-induced seizures.


The relationship of epidural anesthesia to neural membranes and arachnoid villi.


The twenty-four excretion of trypsin and trypsinogen in the urine.


Isolation and characterization of an isolate (HN) of Marek's disease virus with low pathogenicity. A cytopathic agent was isolated and characterized as an isolate of Marek's disease herpesvirus (MDHV) with low pathogenicity, and referred to as the HN isolate. This isolate of MDHV did not cause clinical Marek's disease (MD) or death in a highly susceptible line of chickens within 5 weeks after exposure. Gross lesions of limited extent were noted in a few of the inoculated birds. Microscopic nerve lesions in the inoculated and contact-infected birds were invariably minimal, closely resembling C-type MD lesions.


Occurrence of Mycobacterium other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the oral cavity and in sputum. Mycobacteria were cultured from 9% of 424 paired mouthwash-induced sputum specimens. The majority of the organisms were not Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Sputum cultures contributed 59% of these isolations. M. intracellulare was the species most frequently isolated. The non-M. tuberculosis mycobacteria may constitute part of the oral flora of the general population and are not more prevalent in hospitalized patients. Approximately one-third more isolations were made from the patients furnishing two or three pairs of specimens as compared to those patients providing one pair of specimens each. From the paired specimens of 4 of 113 patients, two species of Mycobacterium were isolated. M. intracellulare was isolated from two of three samples of tap water and from the fingers of 1 of 52 patients.


Long-term preservation and storage of mycobacteria. Under contract with the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the Trudeau Mycobacterial Culture Collection has been greatly expanded to provide for the scientific community a collection of representative strains of mycobacteria of biomedical importance. Problems concerned with the preparation, bottling, and distribution of such organisms have been dealt with and are detailed in this paper. Examination of collected data revealed that the temperature of storage and not the suspending menstruum was more important for prolonged survival of mycobacteria stored at subzero temperatures. For optimum results, mycobacteria may be suspended either in Dubos Tween-albumin broth or in Middlebrook 7H-9 liquid medium supplemented with ADC enrichment (commercial sources used) and stored at -70 C. Either of these suspending fluids supplied a growth-supporting medium for cultures which must be shipped long distances, often without refrigeration. To avoid sublimation of suspending medium during prolonged storage at -70 C (a problem inherent in many screw-capped containers), we have chosen to use vaccine-stoppered serum bottles sealed with aluminum crimp caps. The methods described have provided suspensions with (i) excellent viability over prolonged periods of storage, (ii) stable metabolic activities, and (iii) highly reproducible inocula for animal experiments.


Recovery of dengue viruses from tissues of experimentally infected rhesus monkeys. A tissue explant culture technique for the recovery of dengue virus from experimentally infected monkey tissue is described and compared with tissue culture assay of tissue triturates and co-cultivation of trypsinized cells in cell cultures. The most efficient technique was one in which minced tissue was explanted in co-culture with dengue virus-susceptible LLC-MK2 monkey kidney cells. This technique shows promise of being useful for detection of virus in autopsy material from fatal dengue hemorrhagic fever cases.


Bacillus cereus-induced fluid accumulation in rabbit ileal loops. The usefulness of the ligated rabbit ileal loop as an experimental model of Bacillus cereus food poisoning was investigated. Positive responses, as measured by fluid accumulation in the loop, were obtained from 19 of 22 strains of B. cereus. Four of six strains of B. thuringiensis also elicited fluid accumulation, but eight strains of other Bacillus spp. failed to evoke a response. The growth medium employed markedly affected the ability of a given strain of B. cereus to provoke a response. Brain heart infusion broth (BHI) (Difco) proved to be best for this purpose. Loop fluid-inducing activity was produced by exponentially growing cells and was present in cell-free culture filtrates and associated with washed vegetative cells. Intraluminal growth of B. cereus did not elicit fluid accumulation. Cultures grown at temperatures in the range of 18 C to 43 C were loop active. When BHI cultures of selected loop positive strains were injected intraluminally into the normal ileum of rabbits, they failed to elicit diarrhea.


Environmental factors correlated with size of bacterial populations in a polluted stream. Samples of water were taken from a polluted zone of the Gallinas River and analyzed as to numbers of total bacteria, coliforms, and fecal streptococci. Environmental factors measured were temperature, pH and concentrations of detergent, nitrate plus nitrite nitrogen, sulfate, chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate. Thirty-two observations were made from 12 March through 22 July 1971. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses of the data were carried out by computer to determine which of the environmental factors were significantly correlated with numbers of bacteria present. A multiple linear regression equation was constructed for each bacteriological parameter as a function of significant variables only. Log total bacteria was correlated positively with bicarbonate, phosphate, and detergent concentrations. Log coliforms was correlated positively with phosphate and sulfate concentrations and negatively with chloride concentration. Log fecal streptococci was correlated positively with bicarbonate and chloride concentrations.