Free amino acid patterns of plasma, erythrocytes and leucocytes in hypoproteinaemia.


A fresh look at the incidence of protein deficiency in Parkistan.


The Kirschner operation--a forgotten procedure.


Immunologic studies of human serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovary. Demonstration of tumor-associated antigens.


Morquio's disease (M.P.S.4.). A report of two cases in a Kenyan family.


Murine immunoglobin response to sterile talc injection.


Spider monkeys (Ateles sp.) as animal models for atherosclerosis research.


The ultrastructure of the hepatocyte of the vitamin E deficient rat and the effect of a single intraperitoneal dose of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminoazobenzene on the stability of its fractionated polysomes.


Histochemical correlates of changes in the primate brain associated with varying environmental light conditions.


Some immunological properties of human cervical and vaginal secretions.


The presence of donor-type immunoglobulins in anaemic mice of the W-series transplanted with allogeneic foetal liver cells.


Partial target organ resistance to thyroid hormone. An 8-year old boy with a small goiter, normal basal metabolic rate (BMR), and elevated serum thyroid hormone levels (thyroxine [T(4)] 19.5 mug per 100 ml, free T(4) 4 ng per 100 ml, triiodothyronine [T(3)] 505 ng per 100 ml) was studied. He had measurable serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels (average 5.5 muU per ml), and the thyroxine-binding proteins, hearing, and epiphyseal structures were normal. There was no parental consanguinity nor were there thyroid abnormalities either in the parents or six siblings.Methimazole, 50 mg daily, depressed thyroxine synthesis (T(4) 10.5, free T(4) 2.5) and caused a rise in TSH to 11 muU per ml. After discontinuation of treatment, TSH declined to 4.2 muU per ml and chemical hyperthyroidism returned (T(4) 21.0 mug per 100 ml, free T(4) 4.2, and total T(3) 475 ng per 100 ml, radioactive iodine [RAI] uptake 68%), but studies of BMR and insensible water loss showed the patient to be clinically euthyroid. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), 200 mug i.v., caused a brisk rise in TSH to 28 muU per ml, with T(4) rising to 28 mug per 100 ml, free T(4) to 5.6, and T(3) to 730 ng per 100 ml, thus indicating that the pituitary-thyroid system was intact and that the patient's TSH was biologically active. The unusual sensitivity of the pituitary cells to TRH in spite of the markedly elevated serum thyroid hormone levels also suggested that the pituitary was insensitive to suppression by T(3) or T(4). Serum dilution studies gave immunochemical evidence that this patient's TSH was normal. Neither propranolol, 60 mg, chlorpromazine, 30 mg, nor prednisone, 15 mg daily, influenced thyroid indices. Steroid treatment, however, suppressed the pituitary response to TRH, T(3) in doses increased over a period of 12 days to as much as 150 mug daily caused a rise in serum T(3) to above 800 ng per 100 ml, a decline of T(4) to euthyroid levels (T(4) 9.5 mug per 100 ml, free T(4) 1.6 ng per 100 ml), suppression of the RAI uptake from 68% to 35%, and marked blunting of the responses to TRH, but the BMR and insensible water loss remained normal. The data suggest that the patient's disorder is due to partial resistance to thyroid hormone.


The alternate pathway of complement activation. The role of C3 and its inactivator (KAF).


Acute reversal of experimental diabetic ketoacidosis in the rat with (+)-decanoylcarnitine. The effect of (+)-decanoylcarnitine, a potent inhibitor of long-chain acylcarnitine transferase, was tested for its ability to inhibit hepatic ketogenesis both in the isolated perfused liver and in vivo in severely ketotic alloxan diabetic rats. In vitro the inhibitor caused an almost complete block in ketone body production. In vivo (+)-decanoylcarnitine caused a rapid reversal of ketosis under conditions where large doses of insulin had little effect. A combination of the two agents produced an even more striking fall in plasma ketone levels.While (+)-decanoylcarnitine alone had no effect on plasma glucose levels it enhanced the hypoglycemic effect of insulin in anesthetized animals. Loss of this effect was noted in nonanesthetized animals, possibly as a result of increased muscle activity. Studies in the isolated perfused liver indicated that the blockade of fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis produced by (+)-decanoylcarnitine was rapidly reversible upon removal of the inhibitor.


Functional evaluation of prolactin secretion in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders. Prolactin secretion was assessed in 23 patients with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders using L-Dopa suppression, chlorpromazine (CPZ), and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation tests. Based on the responses to these tests, three groups of patients were identified: those with panhypopituitarism (group I) and those with partial hypopituitarism either with (group II) or without (group III) evidence of hypothalamic involvement. Panhypopituitary patients (group I) consistently had low serum prolactin values and failed to respond to all tests. Patients with hypothalamic involvement (group II) exhibited (a) elevated basal prolactin values. (b) an increase in serum prolactin after TRH stimulation. (c) blunted response to L-Dopa, and (d) lack of response to chlorpromazine stimulation. Patients with partial hypopituitarism but without hypothalamic involvement (group III) had normal serum prolactin levels and suppressed normally after L-Dopa; although the magnitude of response to both stimulatory agents was significantly lower than normally found the ratio of prolactin levels post-CPZ and TRH (Delta prolactin CPZ/Delta prolactin TRH) was similar to the ratio of normal individuals suggesting that these patients (group III) had a normal hypothalamic-pituitary prolactin axis. In the 23 patients studied, the most consistent disorder of pituitary function proved to be an abnormal response to one or other of the three tests employed for the evaluation of prolactin secretion. Hence these tests have considerable potential as a sensitive screening procedure in the evaluation of patients suspected of having hypothalamic-pituitary disease.


Nitroglycerin and heterogeneity of myocardial blood flow. Reduced subendocardial blood flow and ventricular contractile force. The effects of both intracoronary and intravenous administration of nitroglycerin on transmural distribution of blood flow in the left ventricle after partial coronary artery occlusion was investigated using two independent methods. In 16 open chest, anesthetized dogs, tubing supplying the cannulated left coronary artery was partially occluded. Strain gauges sutured paralled to superficial and deep fibers of the myocardium separately recorded the contractile force of each layer. With occlusion set so that depression of the deep contractile force was imminent. 12 mug intracoronary nitroglycerin in seven dogs depressed only the deep contractile force without changing systemic hemodynamics. Intravenous administration of 180 mug nitroglycerin in nine dogs resulted in a decrease of deep contractile force and aortic pressure often associated with an increase in superficial contractile force. Distribution of myocardial blood flow during peak coronary flow after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin or during a decrease in aortic pressure after intravenous nitroglycerin administration was determined by the tissue uptake of an intracoronary bolus of rubidium-(80). This was compared with the uptake of potassium-(42) injected before nitroglycerin. Intravenous or intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin caused a significant reduction in subendocardial blood flow with a decrease in the subendocardial/subepicardial ratio of isotope. These experiments suggest that under conditions of acute partial coronary occlusion, the autoregulatory response results in more fully dilated subendocardial vessels causing them to be less responsive to nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin may then reduce the vascular resistance in the subepicardial more than the subendocardial vessels, resulting in a "steal" of blood flow from deep to superficial myocardium.


2,4-Diaminothieno(2,3-d)pyrimidines as antifolates and antimalarials. 1. Synthesis of 2,4-diamino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrothianaphthena(2,3-d)pyrimidines and related compounds.


2,4-Diaminothieno(2,3-d)pyrimidines as antifolates and antimalarials. 2. Synthesis of 2,4-diaminopyrido(4',3':4,5)thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidines and 2,4-diamino-8H-thiopyrano(4',3':4,5)thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidines.


2,4-Diaminothieno(2,3-d)pyrimidines as antifolates and antimalarials. 3. Synthesis of 5,6-disubstituted derivatives and related tetracyclic analogs.


Thyroid nodule producing T3 toxicosis in a child.


Amino-acid sequence of fragment 90-148 of human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase B.


Neurologic aspects of hematologic disorders.


Relationship between esophageal moniliasis and diverticulosis.


Indomethacin blocks arachidonic acid-induced elevation of intraocular pressure.


Regulation of coagulation during prolonged perfusions using membrane oxygenation.


Prolonged extracorporeal oxygenation: some special problems.


Some physico-chemical properties of high-molecular-weight hypro-protein from human blood serum.


Non-toxic goitre. Dyshormonogenesis.

Non-toxic goitre. Dyshormonogenesis.


Clinical experience with the thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test in patients with thyroid, pituitary and hypothalamic disorders.


Serum triiodothyronine determination by saturation analysis.


Gastric diverticulosis.

Gastric diverticulosis.


Studies of Leptospira illini, strain 3055: immunologic and serologic determinations.


Respiratory gas exchange with spiral coil membrane lungs: total cardiopulmonary bypass in adult sheep and clinical experience with long-term perfusion in adult patients.


Cell wall and cytoplasmic components of Listeria monocytogenes.


Species differences in plasma protein binding of morphine and codeine.


The mediator of cellular immunity. V. Development of cellular resistance to infection in thymectomized irradiated rats.


Ruminal volatile fatty acid concentrations and weight gains of calves reared with and without ruminal ciliated protozoa.


Diphosphonates. Experimental and clinical aspects.


A comparison of serum folate estimations using two different methods.


Routine application of the nitroblue tetrazolium test in the clinical laboratory. A modified nitroblue tetrazolium test (NBT) is described which is suitable for routine application in the haematology or bacteriology laboratory and which provides a rapid aid to the diagnosis of bacterial infection. Hitherto published methods have recommended the use of heparinized whole blood samples for the performance of the NBT test. However, we have demonstrated that the use of the sucrose polymer Ficoll permits the test to be carried out on buffy coats prepared from venous blood anticoagulated in sequestrene (EDTA). The mean percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils in 60 healthy control subjects was 6.1. The mean percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils in 56 patients with confirmed or presumed bacterial infection was 34.2. Scores within the normal range were observed in 13 patients in this group. Forty-eight individuals with viral infection yielded a mean percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils of 8.5. Six patients in this group gave scores above the upper limit of normal. Both pathological groups are described in detail and applications of this test are suggested.


Genus-specific leptospiral antigen and its possible use in laboratory diagnosis. Sheep red cells, sensitized with a genus-specific leptospiral substance extracted from a water leptospira, were preserved by freeze drying. The serological reactivity of the preparation was tested against a total of 41 sera from proven cases of human leptospirosis and 27 from proven cases of animal leptospirosis. The sensitized, freeze-dried red cells appeared to be a sensitive reagent for the detection of leptospiral antibodies by haemagglutination. The use of this reagent as a screening test for leptospiral diagnosis is discussed. In the reported haemagglutination test on human and rabbit antisera the findings suggested that only IgM (19S) antibodies took part in the reaction.


Control of arginine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


The cultivation of the rumen ciliates Epidinium ecaudatum caudatum and Polyplastron multivesiculatum in vitro.


A numerical study on the relationships of Listeria and Erysipelothrix.


Evidence that precipitin cross-reactions between Listeria, Erysipelothrix and Bacillus licheniformis are not due to the Rantz antigen.


The occurrence of lipoteichoic acids in the membranes of gram-positive bacteria.


Rigidity of red cell during malarial infection.


Bactericidal action of detergent on Staphylococcus aureus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in towelling.


Clinical evaluation of Pseudomonas hyperimmune globulin.


The inter- and intrachromosomal effects of the bar-stone translocation in Drosophila melanogaster.


Hunter syndrome in girl.

Hunter syndrome in girl.


The regulation of tryptophan biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Plasma insulin in intravenous glucose and amino acid infusion.


Developmental maturation of susceptibility to scrapie in mice.


Glucose catabolism by the simian malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi.


The pathogenicity of Nodamura virus for insects.


Georgraphic differences in phytoplankton sensitivity to PCBs.


Importance of nonhuman primates in yellow fever epidemiology in Nigeria.


Central venous thrombosis: A complication of catheterization and hyperalimentation.


Improvement in the anemia of chronic renal failure with fluoxymesterone.


A qualitative platelet defect in severe vitamin B 12  deficiency. Response, hyperresponse, and thrombosis after vitamin B 12  therapy.


Diuretic action of three sulfonylurea drugs.


The cauda equina syndrome of ankylosing spondylitis.


"Cheesewasher's disease": a new occupational hazard?


Sipple's syndrome: medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and parathyroid disease. Studies in a large family. NIH conference.


Drug-induced pulmonary disease.

Drug-induced pulmonary disease.


Skin disinfection with iodine compounds.


Immunochemical characterization of a human antibody to factor XIII.


Effects of cell concentration and various anticoagulants on neutrophil migration.


Consumption of antibiotics in Greenland, 1964-70. IV. Changes in the sensitivity of N. gonorrhoeae to antibiotics.


A note on the susceptibility of N. gonorrhoeae to contraceptive agent Nonyl-P.


Genital infection in juvenile delinquent females.


Chimpanzee urethral meningococci.

Chimpanzee urethral meningococci.


Right and left ventricular compliance in experimental acute and subacute trypanosomal myocarditis.


Effects of subacute experimental trypanosomal myocarditis upon right and left ventricular pressures.


Complexes of messenger RNA and 40-S subunit in rabbit reticulocytes.


Mesenger ribonucleoprotein and initiation factors in rabbit-reticulocyte polyribosomes.


ABO,MN, Rh blood groups, Hp types and Hp level, Gm(1) factor investigations on the Gypsy population of Hungary.


A clinical technique and apparatus for simultaneous angiography of the separate retinal and choroidal circulations.


Essential shrinkage of conjunctiva, chronic cicatrizing conjunctivitis, and benign mucous membrane pemphigoid.


Removing infant rhesus from mother for 13 days compared with removing mother from infant.


An epidemiological study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cattle and other animals by pyocine typing. The high incidence (80.1%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocine type 1 in bovine mastitis in Israel suggested some degree of selectivity under local conditions. Contrary to other reports, cattle and calves showed a high rate of faecal carriage of this organism. The water supply on farms was often contaminated. The presence of certain pyocine types in the udder, gut or water occasionally led to their transmission from one reservoir to another; however, many types did not seem to spread.P. aeruginosa was found in association with infections in various animals and was present in many locations such as a mouse breeding house and a chick hatchery.


The virulence of T-mycoplasmas, isolated from various animal species, assayed by intramammary inoculation in cattle. The virulence of T-mycoplasmas for cattle was tested by examining their ability to produce mastitis in cows. It was found that both virulent and avirulent strains of T-mycoplasmas can be isolated from cattle. All of four strains from pneumonic calf lungs and a strain from a case of bovine kerato-conjunctivitis caused mastitis but only two of four strains isolated from the urogenital tract of cows were virulent. None of the human, simian or canine T-mycoplasmas examined were able to cause mastitis in cattle. However, a bovine strain was found to be capable of causing mastitis in goats. Virulent and avirulent strains from the same and different species contain common antigens detected by the metabolic inhibition test. Pathogenicity could not be shown to be characteristic of any particular serotype. The possibility is raised of some species barrier being responsible for the inability of non-bovine strains to infect cattle.


Micropolyspora faeni and farmer's lung disease. Several methods were used to obtain serologically active materials from cultures of Micropolyspora faeni. From the results of immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis tests on these materials it is suggested that preparations for the laboratory diagnosis of farmer's lung disease (FLD) should contain concentrated culture supernatant (CS) and extracts of mycelium obtained by ultrasonic treatment (MU). Although CS and MU have many serological activities in common they also possess activities unique to each.Extraction of mycelium with trichloracetic acid, boiling water or methanol yielded a product which gave simple patterns in immunodiffusion tests. The products contained little protein but were rich in carbohydrates, particularly arabinose, galactose and glucosamine. A similar material was obtained from a cell-wall preparation by treatment with lysozyme. Antibodies to the serologically active substances in these materials occurred more frequently in sera of patients with FLD than antibodies to any other M. faeni antigen.Attempts to obtain serologically active materials from spores were unsuccessful. Moreover antibodies to M. faeni could not be removed from patients' sera by absorption with partially purified spore preparations. It is suggested that the hypersensitivity in FLD arises from exposure to mycelial antigens.


Elevated temperature technique for the isolation of salmonellas from sewage and human faeces. Modified Moore's swabs, placed in sewers for 5 days, were used to concentrate salmonellas from sewage. Duplicate cultures of swab strips in selenite broth were incubated at 41 and 37 degrees C. respectively. Salmonella organisms were recovered consistently from the swabs when the enrichment broths were incubated at 41 degrees C. However, when equal portions of the same swabs were incubated at 37 degrees C., only 22% of them yielded Salmonella organisms. These results indicate an advantage in incubating the selenite broths at 41 degrees C. rather than 37 degrees C. in attempting to isolate salmonellas from sewage.One hundred and fifty faecal samples were examined for salmonellas by culture in selenite broths incubated at 41 and 37 degrees C. Twelve (8%) samples were positive at 41 degrees C. compared to only 10 (6.7%) positive samples at 37 degrees C. This difference is not statistically significant to indicate an advantage of the elevated-temperature of incubation over the conventional temperature in attempting to isolate salmonellas from human faeces. Moreover, results of the recovery rates of S. paratyphi B, S. typhi, and S. typhimurium indicate that an incubation temperature of 37 degrees C. is more appropriate for recovering salmonellas from artificially infected faecal samples than an incubation temperature of 41 degrees C. This stresses the inability of laboratory studies to mimic conditions in nature.


The geographical distribution of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and B phage types during the period 1 January 1966 to 31 December 1969.


Relation of prophylactic medication to the occurrence of early seizures following craniocerebral trauma.


A survey of attitudes toward the pharmacological prophylaxis of posttraumatic epilepsy.


Intravascular intracranial EEG recording. Technical note.


Antibody induced variation in malaria parasites.


Transmission of the chelonian haemoproteid Haemoproteus metchnikovi by a Tabanid fly Chrysops callidus.


Enzymatic catalysis and transition-state theory. The application of transition-state theory to enzymatic catalysis provides an approach to understanding enzymatic catalysis in terms of the factors that determine the strength of binding of ligands to proteins. The prediction that the transition state should bind to the enzyme much more tightly than the substrate is supported by the experimental results with stable analogs of transition states. Transition-state analogs have great potential for use in understanding enzymatic catalysis and in inhibiting enzymes. Because of their potency and specificity as enzyme inhibitors, some of them may become very useful chemotherapeutic agents.


Effect of variations in conditions of incubation upon inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus by Pediococcus cerevisiae and Streptococcus lactis. The effects of pH, temperature, proportion of Staphylococcus aureus in the inoculum, various strains of effector organism, and various strains of S. aureus were examined for their influence on interactions between staphylococci and effector organisms in associative culture. In general, small changes in pH had little effect upon either growth of S. aureus or production of enterotoxin in associative culture. Inhibition of growth of S. aureus caused by effector organisms was much greater at 25 than at 30 C. Proportion of S. aureus in the inoculum greatly affected both growth of the staphylococci and production of enterotoxin. Only slight differences were found between strains of either effector organism or S. aureus which affected the interactions in associative culture.


Oxidative activation of Bacillus cereus spores. A study was made of the activation of Bacillus cereus strain T spores by using the oxidizing agent sodium perborate. The degree of activation was measured with constant germination conditions by using L-alanine, inosine, adenosine, and L-alanine plus adenosine as germination stimulants. The germinal response following the various treatments was compared with the responses obtained with heat activation. It was concluded that the optimal time for activation with 30 mM sodium perborate at room temperature was about 4 hr. If the exposure time was greatly extended, the spores would germinate spontaneously. When the perborate treatment followed heat activation, the germinal response to L-alanine was stimulated, to inosine retarded and without apparent effect for adenosine or L-alanine plus adenosine. Results of experiments designed to demonstrate deactivation by slow oxidation showed that spores activated with sodium perborate were not deactivated by slow oxidation, whereas those activated by heat were. A deactivation study using mercaptoethanol as the deactivation agent showed that both methods of activation could be deactivated after a 24-hr exposure, but this deactivation was reversible by extending the exposure to mercaptoethanol. The results of heat-sensitivity studies revealed that about 70% of the sodium perborate-activated spores were heat sensitive after 60 min in a germination menstruum of L-alanine plus adenosine, whereas similarly treated heat-activated and nonactivated spores were about 99.99% heat sensitive, respectively.


Fermentative and serological studies on Propionibacterium acnes. Seventy-two Propionibacterium acnes strains, among which were five from the American Type Culture Collection, five from the Center for Disease Control, and four of group II of Voss, were thoroughly examined both biochemically and serologically. On the basis of the fermentation of inositol, maltose, mannitol, and sorbitol, eight biotypes were distinguished. By means of tube agglutination tests with the five absorbed antisera, 95, C51, D34, S140, and Beck, 11 serotypes were defined. The biotypes and serotypes showed no striking relationship to each other. Combined biotyping and serotyping is suggested for subdivision of the P. acnes species.


In-use evaluation of a commercially available set of quality control cultures. Increasing awareness of the need for a uniform quality control program prompted an evaluation of a commercially available set (Bact-Chek) of eight organisms. A protocol was designed in which this set of control cultures was tested simultaneously in the clinical microbiology laboratory of a 400-bed hospital (the Berkshire Medical Center) and in the reference laboratories of the Bacteriology Section of the Center for Disease Control. The results indicate that the Bact-Chek organisms are essentially as advertised: they constitute a basic set of cultures for a quality control program in clinical microbiology. Ninety per cent of the media and reagents (excluding mycobacterial media and reagents) in the clinical laboratory were checked with this set of eight cultures. Additional cultures not in the set were used to check the remaining 10% of the media and reagents.


Spiral plate method for bacterial determination. A method is described for determining the number of bacteria in a solution by the use of a machine which deposits a known volume of sample on a rotating agar plate in an ever decreasing amount in the form of an Archimedes spiral. After the sample is incubated, different colony densities are apparent on the surface of the plate. A modified counting grid is described which relates area of the plate of volume of sample. By counting an appropriate area of the plate, the number of bacteria in the sample is estimated. This method was compared to the pour plate procedure with the use of pure and mixed cultures in water and milk. The results did not demonstrate a significant difference in variance between duplicates at the alpha = 0.01 level when concentrations of 600 to 12 x 10(5) bacteria per ml were used, but the spiral plate method gave counts that were higher than counts obtained by the pour plate method. The time and materials required for this method are substantially less than those required for the conventional aerobic pour plate procedure.


Algicidal activity of a surface-bonded organosilicon quaternary ammonium chloride. The hydrolysis product of a quaternary amine-containing organosilicon salt, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride, was found to exhibit algicidal activity while chemically bonded to a variety of substrates. Six representative species of Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, and Chrysophyta were used to evaluate the algicidal activity. Substrate-bonded (14)C-labeled organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt when attached to nonwoven fibers was durable to repeated washings, and algicidal activity could not be attributed to slow release of the chemical.


Isotopic labeling of embryo, yolk sac, and intracellular parasites of the embryonated hen's egg by yolk replacement. A technique is described which allows the replacement of 50% of the yolk of the embryonated hen's egg with large volumes of diverse but chemically defined solutions. By using an electrosurgical unit and a polyethylene tunnel, the procedure was performed on eggs from days 3 through 7 with greater than 90% surgical success and viability for the short term. More than 50% of the eggs replaced showed viability for 2 weeks, and a significant proportion went full term. (32)PO(4) and amino acids ((3)H and (14)C) added to the replaced eggs were incorporated into the macromolecules of the embryo and yolk sac as well as into parasitic rickettsiae cultivated in the replaced eggs. The incorporated (32)PO(4) was shown to be assimilated into a variety of biochemical species.


Simplified gas chromatographic procedure for identification of bacterial metabolic products. A rapid and simple procedure is described for analysis of fermentation products from anaerobic bacteria grown in glucose broth. A 1-ml sample of the culture is drained through cation-exchange resin in a Pasteur pipette. The effluent fluid is directly analyzed isothermally in a gas chromatograph for volatile fatty acids (C(2) to C(6)) as well as for lactic, pyruvic, and succinic acids. This procedure is considered to be suitable for routine use in clinical bacteriology.


Lysogeny in lactic streptococci producing and not producing nisin. Eighty-seven strains of lactic streptococci (46 of Streptococcus lactis, 24 of S. diacetilactis, and 17 of S. cremoris) were tested for lysogeny; 12 S. lactis strains produced nisin. Lysogeny was found in five S. lactis strains (two of them were nisin producers) and in two S. diacetilactis strains. Four S. lactis and two S. diacetilactis lysogens liberated phages both spontaneously and after ultraviolet treatment, and one S. lactis strain liberated phages spontaneously only. No lysogens were found among the S. cremoris strains tested. An initial characterization of the lysogens and their phages was made. The lytic spectrum of some of the examined phages was very narrow (homospecific), whereas that of others was wide, including strains of the three investigated species.


Rapid methods for extracting autolysins from Bacillus subtilis. Two procedures are described for the extraction of autolysins from whole cells. One method uses 5 M LiCl at 4 C. The amount of enzyme obtained by this method is six times more than that obtained by autolysis of cell walls and fourteen times more than that obtained by extracting cell walls with LiCl. With the other method, cells are extracted with 2% Triton X-100. This is less efficient than the LiCl method but yields about one-half the amount of enzyme obtained by cell wall autolysis and about the same amount as obtained by extracting cell walls with salt. Both procedures yield autolysin with multiple pH optima. Autolysins can be extracted from several bacterial species by either the LiCl or the detergent method. The data suggest that these techniques have sufficient sensitivity to detect small differences in autolytic activity among mutants and various organisms and are also suitable for large-scale isolation of autolysin for purification and characterization studies.


Aflatoxin production in peanut varieties by Aspergillus flavus Link and Aspergillus parasiticus Speare. Levels of aflatoxin produced in peanuts differed with the genetic variety of plant and with the species and strain of invading fungus. Possibilities for identifying groundnut varieties partially resistant to aflatoxin production are discussed.


Peripheral tissue distribution, brain distribution and metabolism of mescaline- 14 C in monkeys.


Effect of benzodiazepine derivatives on soman-induced seizure activity and convulsions in the monkey.


"Alpha" and "beta" adrenergic receptors in the medullary vasomotor center of the cat.


Brucellosis.

Brucellosis.


Mites and house dust allergy. 3. In vitro lymphocyte transformation and precipitating antibody to house dust and mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) extract in atopic and non-atopic individuals.


Effect of disodium cromoglycate on asthmatic reactions to alcoholic beverages.


Automated colorimetric determination of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate.


Observations on the induction of ovulation and fertilization in vitro in the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).


A blastokinin-like component from the human uterus.


Social security policy formulation and health research.


National health insurance in Finland: its impact and evaluation.


Anion radical of bacteriochlorophyll.

Anion radical of bacteriochlorophyll.


Enhancement of resistance of mice to tuberculosis by purified components of mycobacterial lipid fractions.


Changes in murine resistance to Listeria monocytogenes infection induced by amphotericin B.


Response of children to Neisseria meningitidis polysaccharide vaccines.


Duality of hepatitis B antigen and its antibody. I. Immunofluorescence studies.


Fertility control and pheromones.

Fertility control and pheromones.


Immunity to chlamydial infections of the eye. VI. Homologous neutralization of trachoma infectivity for the owl monkey conjuctivae by eye secretions from humans with trachoma.


In-vitro study of host range of three isolates of Encephalitozoon (Nosema).


Single-dose aqueous procaine penicillin G therapy for gonorrhea: use of probenecid and cause of treatment failure.


Single doses of methacycline and doxycycline for gonorrhea: a cooperative study of the frequency and cause of treatment failure.


Serological aspects of prostaglandins.

Serological aspects of prostaglandins. The serologic specificities of antibodies to (PGF) prostaglandin F2alpha, PGF1alpha, and 15-keto-PGF2alpha are described.  Antiserum to PGF2alpha is highly specific, recognizing substituents on the cyclopentane ring and modifications on both the carboxylic and alkyl side chains.  The serum was used for measuring PGF2alpha levels in the serum of normal adult males and females and pregnant women throughout the course of their pregnancies.  Mean levels of PGF2alpha in males (889 + or - 564 pg/ml serum) were higher than those of the females (272 + or - 221 pg/ml serum).  Signficant differences in PGFalpha concentration in the serum increased gradually as the pregnancy progressed, reaching a peak in the second trimester.  However, PGF2alpha levels decreased during the latter part of the third trimester and values obtained from patients near term were of the same magnitude as those found in nonpregnant women.


Collaborative investigations into avian malarias: an international research programme.


Prostaglandins in the control of ovulation, corpus luteum function, and parturition. Aspirin and indomethacin have been found to be potent inhibitors of (PG) prostaglandin synthesis.  Recent observations show that it is possible to partially reverse the block of ovulation caused by indomethacin if exogenous PGs, especially PGF2alpha are given at the same time as indomethacin.  Indomethacin blockage of ovulation produces corpus lutea in which the eggs have been entrapped.  The follicles proceed to luteinize and produce progesterone in amounts which do not differ from the normal.  The differences between the effects seen on ovulation and the lack of effect seen on steroidogenesis may be a factor of timing.  Recent evidence continues to support the view that PGF2alpha is the luteolysin in many of the nonprimate mammalian species.  The same type of experiments in the monkey and human have produced completely different results.  It is possible that very high levels are needed to accomplish luteolysis in primates.  1 similarity of results in studies of both primates and nonprimates is that when estrogens are administered, there follows a rapid luteal regression and a concomitant rise in PGFalpha.  In the process of parturition, the role of PGs remains unsubstantiated.  It is possible to speculate that PGF2alpha is responsible for increased uterine activity.


Haematoxenus species from Ugandan buffalo Syncerus caffer.


Pharyngo-oesophageal diverticula. A clinical and cineradiographic follow-up study of 23 cases treated by diverticulectomy.


Pharyngo-oesophageal diverticula. A manometric follow-up study of ten cases treated by diverticulectomy.


Conformational adaptability in enzymes.

Conformational adaptability in enzymes.


Senator Tower proposes insurance for catastrophic illness.


The frequency of meiotic primary nondisjunction of the large autosomes in Drosophila melanogaster. A preliminary report.


A proposed role for 5S ribosomal RNA.

A proposed role for 5S ribosomal RNA.


Classification of protein-calorie malnutrition.


Pulse radiolytic investigations of superoxide catalyzed disproportionation. Mechanism for bovine superoxide dismutase.


Spoilage of coconut oil purification and properties of a fungal lipase that attacks coconut oil.


Regulation of rat liver glycogen synthetase. Reversible inactivation of glycogen synthetase D by sulfhydryl-disulfide exchange.


Enzymatic synthesis of a blood group B-related pentaglycosylceramide by an alpha-galactosyltransferase from rabbit bone marrow.


Purification and partial characterization of an acyl carrier protein from Euglena gracilis.


Biosynthesis of a globoside-type glycosphingolipid by a  -N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase from embryonic chicken brain.


The effect of temperature on nucleotide pool formation in Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Immunoglobulin disturbances and their clinical significance.


Rehabilitation of the coronary patient.

Rehabilitation of the coronary patient.


The marijuana problem in perspective.

The marijuana problem in perspective.


A case of pulmonary hemosiderosis.

A case of pulmonary hemosiderosis.


Confidentiality and privileged communications: the plight of the military physician.


Cardiovascular survey of 275 adult male Koreans. I. Blood pressure.


Inhalation therapy bacteria: study of decontamination by trained technicians versus ward personnel.


Prediction and management of orthostatic insufficiency.


Chloroquine as a malarial suppressive: absence of visual effects.


The influence of war on the development of a major subspecialty.


Evidence for linkage of carbonic anhydrase isozyme genes in the pig-tailed macaque, Macaca nemestrina.


Aldehyde oxidase as a cell marker for internal organs in Drosophila melanogaster.


Carbohydrate metabolism and transport in Bacillus subtilis. A study of ctr mutations.


Effects of extensive training on object reversal by frontal monkeys.


Transcellular ion transport and bioelectric potential.


Etiologic relationship of marmoset-propagated CR326 hepatitis A virus to hepatitis in man.


Role of ADH in the loss of renal concentrating ability in primate hemorrhagic shock.


Rheumatoid factor and Australia antigen in acute and chronic hepatitis.


Contributions to the optimal use of human blood. I. Analysis and optimalization of the production of plasma protein fraction (PPF).


Cyclical variations in anti-Rh titer detected by automatic quantitative hemagglutination.


A study of the characteristics of certain Rh antibodies preferentially detactable by enzyme technique.


The IgG subclass distribution in 659 myeloma sera.


The effect of infusion sets on platelet concentrates as measured by aggregometry.


Ascending projections from the red nucleus and mesencephalon in the Rhesus monkey.


Retinal damage from repeated subthreshold exposures using a ruby laser photocoagulator.


Pathogenesis of rabies and rabies-like viruses.


Molecular events accompanying slow virus infections at the cellular level.


Results and discussion. I. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of SDS extracts of mouse brain subcellular fractions.


Costs of intensive care.

Costs of intensive care.


Unbound bilirubin in icteric newborns.

Unbound bilirubin in icteric newborns.


The binding of unconjugated bilirubin by human sera and purified albumins.


Pulmonary arterial pressure and structure in the patas monkey after prolonged administration of aminorex fumarate.


Indirect immunofluorescence of mouse thymus-derived cells using heterologous anti-brain serum.


Treatment of lactic acidosis with insulin and glucose.


Decisional analysis of the effects of limbic lesions of learning in monkeys.


Dissociation of spatial discrimination deficits following frontal and parietal lesions in monkeys.


Numberical taxonomic analysis of some slowly growing mycobacteria using hypothetical median strain patterns.


Use of trimethoprim to obtain thymine-requiring mutants of Streptococcus faecalis.


Glucose availability and the growth rate of colonies of Pseudomonas fluorescens.


Listeriosis.

Listeriosis.


A method for measuring chemotaxis and use of the method to determine optimum conditions for chemotaxis by Escherichia coli.


Fat embolism in monkeys exposed to cyclic acceleration.


Therapeutic modalities in adenocarcinoma of the female urethra.


Intravenous hyperalimentation in urology.


Ureteral diverticulum.

Ureteral diverticulum.


Staphylococcal enterotoxin D. Immunological identification with purified toxin.


Isolation and characterization of streptomycin-resistant mutant of leptospiras.


Cystine--serum--tellurite: a differential medium for Corynebacterium diphtheriae.


Susceptibility to Herpesvirus saimiri and antibody development in old and new world monkeys.


Suppressant effects of diphenylhydantoin on the cortical epileptogenic focus.


Experimental ischemia of the spinal cord. Histologic studies after anterior spinal artery occlusion.


Effect of hypocarbia and hypercarbia in experimental brain infarction. A microangiographic study in the monkey.


Immunoglobulin levels in malnourished children.


Mechanism of action and clinical use of nitroglycerin.


Health consumers and medical practitioners: is conflict inevitable?


Erythema nodosum, clue to pulmonary tuberculosis.


Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.


Agranular stellate cells (so-called follicular cells) in human fetal and adult adenohypophysis and in pituitary adenoma.


Fine structure of islets of Langerhans in insular amyloidosis.


In vitro interaction between phage and receptor lipopolysaccharide: a novel glycosidase associated with Salmonella phage   15 .


Effects of prostaglandin F 2  , oxytocin, and ethanol on the uterus of the pregnant baboon.


Relationship of endometrial plasminogen activator to fibrin proteolysis in the uterine cavity of rhesus monkeys.


Gynecologic urethroscopy.

Gynecologic urethroscopy.


Transfer of gentamicin resistance from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains highly resistant to gentamicin and carbenicillin.


In vitro investigations with oxolinic acid, a new chemotherapeutic agent.


A comparison between pivampicillin, ampicillin and penicillin G in the treatment of acute uncomplicated gonorrhoea.


Sarcoidosis and specific etiologic agents: a continuing enigma.


The effect of acceptable and adequate outpatient treatment on the length of hospitalization and on readmission for relapse or reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis.


Blockade by progesterone of estrogen-induced LH and FSH release in the rhesus monkey.


Quantitation of lens proteins by radial immunodiffusion method.


Isolation of atypical mycobacteria from cases simulating pulmonary tuberculosis.


Heterozygous effects on viability of Drosophila supergenes that are lethal when homozygous.


Pulmonary hypertension and the effect of tracheotomy in a case of Pickwickian syndrome.


Herniation through foramen of Morgagni along with diverticulosis of duodenum and sigmoid, and A.S.D.--a case report.


Effect of antitubercular drugs on lactate metabolism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H 37 R v .


Prevalence rate of syphilis in Simla District of Himachal Pradesh.


Electroimmunoassay of human immunoglobulin M of different charges.


Light-chain typing of immunoglobulins synthesized in vitro by means of immunoselection and autoradiography.


Biological techniques for studying the allergenic components of nematodes. II. The characterisation of the allergen released by Ascaris suum maintaind in saline.


Transplantation of killer endosymbionts in paramecium.


Health providers--new patterns: role of the physician.


Effects of scopolamine, amphetamine and chlordiazepoxide on punishment.


Interaction of the imidazolone derivative GPA 1851 with hepatic microsomal drug metabolism.


Training or free labour?

Training or free labour?


PCB-induced suppression of the humoral and cell-mediated immunity in guinea pigs.


Australia antigen and antibody in blood donors and patients with blood disorders.


Rapid plasma exchange with the continuous flow centrifuge.


The effect of heavy orthopedic forces on the maxilla in the growing Saimiri sciureus (squirrel monkey).


Primate experiments on oral sensation and dental malocclusions.


A preliminary study of anterior maxillary displacement.


Serodiagnostic test for tuberculosis.

Serodiagnostic test for tuberculosis.


Induction of drug metabolism. VI. Effects of phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene administration on N-demethylating enzyme systems of rough and smooth hepatic microsomes.


Effect of glibenclamide on sugar transport by fed, starved and diabetic rat small intestine.


Controlled comparison of oral twice-weekly and oral daily isoniazid plus PAS in newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. A controlled clinical trial was undertaken in 247 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis to assess the relative efficacies of a fully supervised twice-weekly oral regimen of isoniazid plus PAS (para-aminosalicylic acid) and a standard self-administered daily regimen of the same drugs following an initial intensive phase of two weeks of daily streptomycin, PAS, and isoniazid. Among patients who had isoniazid-sensitive cultures initially and who attended the clinic regularly the numbers with a favourable bacteriological response at the end of the year of chemotherapy were 79 (88%) out of 90 for the twice-weekly regimen and 72 (87%) out of 83 for the daily regimen; the numbers of patients with considerable radiographic improvement were 54 (60%) and 53 (64%) respectively. Complaints of vomiting or diarrhoea that did not require a reduction of the PAS dosage were made on one or two occasions by 23(21%) out of 109 twice-weekly and 25 (23%) out of 108 daily patients, and on at least three occasions by 4 (4%) and 12 (11%) respectively. Finally, all five patients who had chemotherapy changed on account of hypersensitivity to PAS had been receiving the daily regimen, as also had one patient who died of agranulocytosis.


The clinical characteristics of transmissible Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.


Comparison of the bronchodilator activities of isoproterenol and of prostaglandin E 1  aerosols.


Adjustment of saccade characteristics during head movements.


Gel filtration of thyroxine-binding proteins systematic study of rat liver.


Effect of dextrans of different mean molecular weights on immunodiffusion reactions of serum fractions.


Immunoprecipitate in agar gel. A method for blood stain identification with regard to species origin.


Behcet's syndrome-clinico-pathological and bacteriological study.


The Hospital Admission and Surveillance Program in Illinois.


Development and characterization of cell lines from subhuman primates.


Drug biotransformation reactions in the human fetal adrenal gland.


Urinary excretion of 3-methyl histidine in children suffering from protein-calorie malnutrition.


ABO system incompatibility: relationship between direct Coombs test positivity and neonatal jaundice.


The problem of lead poisoning.

The problem of lead poisoning.


Adaptation of an insect cell line (Agallia constricta) in a mammalian cell culture medium.


Gonorrheal infection and diagnostic procedures: a response to the statement of the Committee on Youth.


Pulmonary and pleural manifestations of Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia. A case report with a review of the literature.


Shielding design levels for radiology departments.


Serologic homology between H-2 and HL-A system.


HL-A-specific antibodies by immunization of Macaca irus (cynomologous) monkeys with purified HL-A substances.


Evaluation of human cultured lymphoblasts as a source of antigen for production of immunosuppressive antilymphocyte serum.


Enhancement and antigen suicide in the outbred primate.


The protective effect of F(ab') 2  and succinylated IgG in the early treatment of hyperacute rejection in the primate.


Acceptance of phenotypically differing cultured skin in man and mice.


Lymphocyte sequestration: its possible role in tumor immunity.


Frozen blood in transplant patients: hepatitis and HL-A isosensitization.


Disodium cromoglycate nasal spray in adult patients with perennial rhinitis.


The fibrinolytic enzyme system in leukaemia, myelomatosis and myeloproliferative diseases.


Synthesis of RNA in the left arm of the third chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster in the last five hours of larval development.


Sarcoidosis in a patient with cold haemagglutinin disease.


Colony-forming units in fetal spleen and peripheral blood. Data for a comparative evaluation of pre- and post-natal haemopoiesis.


The effects of hypertransfusion on the formation of zones of iron concentration in the spleen of the muse radiation chimera.


Iron release in the reticuloendothelial cells of the spleen after red cell damage.


Potassium in severe diabetic ketoacidosis.


Hypocomplementemia in rheumatoid arthritis.


Clinical and immunologic features of transient cold agglutinin-hemolytic anemia.


Neuropathic joint disease (Charcot joints) in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia with amyloidosis.


The hematopoietic system in vitamin E-deficient animals.


Relationship between tocopherol and serum lipid levels for determination of nutritional adequacy.


Vitamin E and microsomal drug hydroxylations.


Elevation of lidocaine seizure threshold by gallamine in rhesus monkeys.


Orbital scanning with multiple radionuclides.


Myocardial collagen of the fibrous long-spacing type.


Diurnal periodicity in peripheral parasitemias in ducklings (Anas boschas) infected with Leucocytozoon simondi Mathis and Leger.


Regulation of glyconeogenesis from amino acids by acetate in Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Dissociation of sympathetic compensation from glyceryl trinitrate tolerance.


Action of m-tyrosine in experimental models: evidence for possible antiparkinsonian activity.


Origin of temperature changes evoked in the brain by sensory stimulation.


Serological relationship of certain bacterial polysaccharides & their effects on vaccinia virus soluble antigen.


Antigens of Brucella suis. I. Effect of physical & chemical agents.


Rubella in animals and experimental ocular aspects of congenital rubella.


Implantable transducer for in vivo measurement of bone strain.


Epidemiological aspects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in man, animals and the environment. Application of pyocin typing.


The juvenile baboon as a model for studies of lead poisoning in children.


Blood-clotting mechanisms of nonhuman primates. Choice of the baboon model to simulate man.


Parasitic nodules in the macaques.

Parasitic nodules in the macaques.


Inter- and intrasubspecies red cell immunizations in the marmoset, Saguinus fuscicollis ssp.


Economics of the use of primate animals.


A blood factor in the marmoset, Saguinus fusciollis--its detection, mode of inheritance, and species specificity.


Relationship of age and serum immunoglobulins to antoantibodies against brain constituents in primates. II. Response of Erythrocebus patas to Shigella dysenteriae 1 exotoxin.


Relationship of age and serum immunoglobulins to antoantibodies against brain constituents in primates. I. A study in apparently healthy man, Macaca mulatta and Erythrocebus patas.


Fractionated x-radiation damage to developing monkey ovaries.


Gynecomastia and galactorrhea in a male rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) with spontaneous metastatic carcinoma.


Amino acids and L-asparaginase activity in the plasma of owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus).


A percutaneous technique for producing intraspinal mass lesions in experimental animals.


Health Maintenance Organizations: implications for medical education and practice.


The effect of mannitol on cerebral blood flow. An experimental study.


Effects of chronic protein-calorie malnutrition on the kidney.


Response of rheumatoid arthritis with leukopenia to gold salts.


Immunoglobulin A (IgA) associated glomerulonephritis.


Isolation of the Islets of Langerhans for transplantation.


Use of male sterilization mutations for insect control programmes.


Youth and drugs. Report of a WHO study group.


Cervical esophagostomy. An improved technique for alimentation of the debilitated patient.


NO 2  gas and NO 2  -  effects on alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and metabolism.


On the preparation and some properties of closed membrane vesicles from hog duodenal and jejunal brush border.


Membranes of Tetrahymena. II. Direct visualization of reversible transitions in biomembrane structure induced by temperature.


The time course of cerebral circulatory and metabolic changes with Althesin.


Quantitative effects of nutritional protein and calorie deficiency upon immune responses to tumors in mice.


Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination and skin tumor promotion with croton oil in mice.


Temperature-sensitive DNA synthesis mutants of Bacillus subtilis--appendix: theory of density transfer for symmetric chromosome replication. A simple method for characterizing temperature-sensitive DNA synthesis mutants is described. The method uses density transfer and transformation techniques and is based on expected theoretical behavior of the chromosome population. A direct proof of inhibition of initiation of DNA replication is provided. The mutant dna-1, showing quick inhibition of initiation, is further characterized and mapped. An independent method for mapping genetic markers close to the origin, based on their transfer behavior after inhibition of initiation, is presented.


Chromosomal location of pleiotropic negative sporulation mutations in Bacillus subtilis. Genetic analysis by PBS-1 transduction and transformation of a large group of pleiotropic negative sporulation mutants has shown that mutations of this phenotype may be located in five genetically distinct regions. The first group of mutant sites, spoA mutations, is located in the terminal region of the chromosome and linked to the lys-1 marker by PBS-1 transduction. The second group, spoB mutations, is located between phe-1 and the attachment site for the lysogenic bacteriophage varphi 105. Fine structure analysis of the mutant sites within the spoB locus has been accomplished. A third location for mutants of this phenotype, spoE mutants, was found between the metC3 and ura-1 markers. Two mutants were found at this site and both were capable of sporulation, in contrast to the rest of the pleiotropic sporulation mutants. A fourth chromosomal site, spoH mutations, was found near the ribosomal and RNA polymerase loci. A large group of mutant sites, spoF mutations, was found to be linked to each other by recombination index analysis in transformation but unlinked to any of the known auxotrophic mutations comprising the chromosomal map. All mutants analyzed showing a pleiotropic negative phenotype were found to map within one of these five regions. Interspecific transformation with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as donor has shown that all of the pleiotropic negative sporulation mutations are conserved relative to a selected group of auxotrophic markers. The degree of conservation in decreasing order is: spoH > spoF = spoB > spoA.


Cytoplasmic inheritance of chloramphenicol resistance in tetrahymena. Chloramphenicol-resistant mutants of Tetrahymena pyriformis were obtained after mutagenesis with nitrosoguanidine at an estimated frequency of 10(-3) mutants per mutagenized cell. The mutants are still partially sensitive to chloramphenicol and have a lowered growth rate, compared to the wild type strain, in rich medium without chloramphenicol. The genetic analysis described here indicates that chloramphenicol resistance is inherited as a cytoplasmic determinant that is not exchanged during conjugation. This represents the first simple cytoplasmic genetic determinant described in this species. A number of arguments favor a mitochondrial localization for this genetic determinant. In addition to the possible utility of such mutants for studies of mitochondrial structure and function in Tetrahymena, analogous mutations might serve as cytoplasmic "tags" in other ciliate species where the results of selfing need to be distinguished from those of outcrossing.


A study of linkage disequilibrium in populations of Drosophila melanogaster. This paper presents the results of a study of linkage disequilibrium between five polymorphic enzyme genes located on chromosome 3 of D. melanogaster. Three sets of chromosomes were examined: two represented samples from successive years of the same natural population, and one came from a large laboratory population. Out of the thirty possible tests for linkage disequilibrium between pairs of loci, two were significant at the 5% level and two at the 1% level. This result cannot reasonably be ascribed to chance alone. The pairs of loci that had a significant correlation in one sample had higher than average correlations in the other samples (though not necessarily in the same direction); this effect was highly significant statistically. There was no tendency for the high correlations to be associated with tightness of linkage between the loci concerned. All five loci were involved in at least one significant effect. It was concluded that these results are difficult to explain on the neutral allele theory of protein polymorphism, but are consistent with the concept of selective control of allele frequencies.


Repair of UV-induced pyrimidine dimers in Drosophila melanogaster cells in vitro. Tissue culture cells of Drosophila melanogaster were given various doses of ultraviolet light. The results indicate that Drosophila cells do have a dark-repair excision mechanism which is not sensitive to caffeine. Pyrimidine dimers were destroyed by photoreactivating illumination in these cells and this destruction probably represents monomerization of the pyrimidine dimers.


A technique of intestinal intubation with the fiberoptic endoscope.


Epidemiology and public health importance of dermatophytoses in India.


Observation on dopa reaction in the lesions of pityriasis versicolor.


Localization of a uveitogenic soluble retinal antigen in the normal guinea pig eye by an indirect fluorescent antibody technique.


Determination of serum properdin levels by immunodiffusion.


Blood groups of Macagues. Further studies on isoimmune rhesus monkey sera, their cross-reactions and the blood factor E rh .


Studies of the precipitating antibody response in pulmonary aspergillosis.


The cardiac auto-immune system. 8. Immunofluorescence patterns of cultured rat heart cells exposed to rabbit anti-rabbit heart auto-antibodies.


Interaction of Fc gamma in Coombs' test with tanned red cells.


Adenosine triphosphate in the extracellular survival of an intracellular parasite (Nosema michaelis, Microsporidia).


Peroxisomes in inner adrenocortical cells of fetal and adult guinea pigs. Abundant membrane-bounded granules, 0.1-0.45 microm in diameter, occur among the elements of the smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum in zona fasciculata and zona reticularis adrenocortical cells of guinea pigs. Acid phosphatase cannot be cytochemically demonstrated in them, and they are therefore distinct from lysosomes. Incubation in medium containing 3,3'-diaminobenzidine results in dense staining of the granules, identifying them as peroxisomes. These small peroxisomes increase in number as fetal adrenocortical cells differentiate, and they appear to arise from dilated regions of endoplasmic reticulum. They maintain interconnections with the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and with one another.


Suppression of pigmentation in mouse melanoma cells by 5-bromodeoxyuridine: effects on tyrosinase activity and melanosome formation. Low concentrations (1-3 microg/ml) of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) reversibly suppress pigmentation in a highly pigmented clone (B(5)59) of cultured B16 mouse melanoma cells. We have found that unpigmented cells (clone C(3)471), derived by long-term culture of B(5)59 cells in 1 microg of BrdU/ml, were completely amelanotic with no biochemically or cytochemically detectable tyrosinase activity or ultrastructural evidence of premelanosomes. The process by which pigmentation is suppressed was studied in B(5)59 cells during a 7-day period of growth with BrdU (3 microg/ml). Assays of tyrosinase activity showed that activity was reduced after 1 day and decreased progressively, approaching zero by 7 days. A quantitatively minor part of this reduction was directly attributable to the appearance of a dialyzable inhibitor of tyrosinase activity. Acrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed two bands of activity corresponding in Rx values to the T(1) and T(2) forms of soluble tyrosinase. Both were progressively reduced during growth with BrdU but one form (T(1)) was consistently affected earlier than the other (T(2)). Ultrastructural-cytochemical studies also showed an early effect on the localization of tyrosinase reaction product. At day 3, reaction product was no longer present in Golgi saccules and Golgi-associated smooth surfaced tubules, but was still seen within premelanosomes, compound melanosomes, and occasional Golgi-associated vesicles. By 7 days tyrosinase reaction product was usually not demonstrable. The number of premelanosomes was progressively decreased during growth with BrdU. Premelanosomes became concentrated in the juxtanuclear region and at day 3 many were contained within abnormally large and numerous compound melanosomes. Premelanosomes and compound melanosomes were rarely seen at 7 days, by which time the cultures were nearly amelanotic. The coordinated suppression of melanogenesis by BrdU may provide a useful model in which to study the normal regulation of this process.


Analysis of the DNA produced during infection of monkey kidney cells by adenosatellite virus type 4 and adenovirus SV15.


Purification and properties of the 'A' antigen associated with Marek's disease virus infections.


Screening for gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, moniliasis and syphilis in pregnancy.


Avian Haemoproteidae. 3. Description of Haemoproteus fusca sp. n. and redescription of Haemoproteus halcyonis de Mello, 1935, parasites of the kingfisher family Alcedinidae.


Studies on the exoerythrocytic stages of simian malaria. 8. Plasmodium knowlesi.


Pentazocine in rhesus monkey plasma and brain after parenteral and oral administration.


Etiology of hyperalimentation coma.

Etiology of hyperalimentation coma.


Patient care in parenteral hyperalimentation.


Effect of x-irradiation on melanosomal tyrosinase activity.


Present-day diagnostic measures in human brucellosis.


Repair after xenon arc photocoagulation. 2. A clinical and light microscopic study of the evolution of retinal lesions in the rhesus monkey.


Damages awarded after removal of broken catheter.


Continuous cuff inflation during long-term intubation and ventilation: evaluation of technic.


Congenital unilateral absence of a pulmonary artery.


Ketamine-induced anesthesia: neural mechanisms in the Rhesus monkey.


Hybridization studies with nucleic acids from murine myelomas. Kinetics of the reaction and characterization of the hybrid.


Structural and kinetic properties of crystalline shark muscle glycogen phosphorylase.


Changes in the composition of polysaccharides during the fusion of epiphyses in normal and lathyritic rats.


Chemotaxonomic fatty acid fingerprints of bacteria grown with, and without, aeration.


Ultrastructure and characterization of an asporogenic mutant of Clostridium botulinum type E.


Allergenic glaucans from dermatophytes. II. Enzymic degradation.


An improved procedure for the isolation of meningococcal, polysaccharide antigens, and the structural determination of the antigen from serogroup X.


Myocardial blood flow in coronary artery disease. Effect of right atrial pacing and nitroglycerin.


Lung changes in left heart failure.

Lung changes in left heart failure.


The removal of fission products from milk. The use of the baby monkey (Macaca irus) for the nutritional evaluation of milk treated by 2 processes.


Studies on a virus isolated from Gonometa podocarpi (Lepidoptera:Lasiocampidae).


Prophylactic antibiotics for vaginal hysterectomies.


Clinical experience with a new preparation of Rh 0  (D) immune globulin (human).


Studies of the treatment and pathophysiology of acute spinal cord injury in primates.


Taste responses in the macaque monkey chorda tympani.


Behavioral and physiological effects of the cholinesterase inhibitor carbaryl (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate).


A temporary restraint chair for monkeys.


A source of scrambled constant current with solid state control.


Uptake of vitamin B 12 by intestinal bacteria in the stagnant loop syndrome.


Fluorescent anti-colon and organ-specific antibodies in ulcerative colitis.


Hyperviscosity syndromes associated with immunoglobulin abnormalities.


Cryoimmunoglobulins.

Cryoimmunoglobulins.


Correlation of scanning and transmission electron microscopy on the same tissue sample.


Use of a microtome-cryostat for precision cutting of serial sections of paraffin-embedded tissues.


Postoperative intravenous nutrition: effects on body weight, protein regeneration, wound healing and liver morphology.


Possible role of the hypothalamus in regulation of the adrenocortical and thyroid functions during embryonic development.


Gonococcicidal action of capper in vitro. Several copper and cupric ion sources were shown to kill or inhibit the growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in vitro.  The media used was GC Agar Base supplemented with Isovitalex.  Pure copper shot, cupric sulfate, and cupric chloride were used as copper sources.  E. coli and Neisseria meningitis were used in addition to Neisseria gonorrhoeae to test the effects of the copper.  It was found that micromolar amounts of the copper sulfate and copper chloride killed gonococci during relatively brief incubation while the organisms were in suspension.  Inhibition of gonococcal or meningococcal growth was achieved by concentrations of cupric ion several-fold more dilute than was necessary to inhibit growth of E. coli.  The sensitivity of gonococci is primarily of interest because of recent contraceptive uses of copper.  The copper-containing intrauterine devices might offer prophylactic protection against gonococcal infection of the female genitalia.


Ocular penetration of pilocarpine in primates.


Intraocular penetration of carbenicillin in the rabbit.


Mast cells in the mammalian area postrema.


The effect of sulfonamides on the anti-pseudomonas activity of gentamicin in vitro.


Pressure-dependent changes in structures of the aqueous outflow system of human and monkey eyes.


Ocular manifestations in the Marfan syndrome and homocystinuria.


The effectiveness, safety, and use of carbenicillin in ophthalmology.


Bacteriologic studies of contamination associated with soft contact lenses.


Full-thickness eye wall resection in primates. An experimental approach to treatment of choroidal melanoma.


Intravenous hyperalimentation--an important adjunct in the treatment of medical disease.


The control of movement and posture.

The control of movement and posture.


Effects of selective prefrontal decortication on escape behavior in the monkey.


Hour of birth in primates and man.

Hour of birth in primates and man.


The effect of cold shock on the blue-green alga Anacystis nidulans.


Gonadotrophin concentrations in the placentae of man, the rhesus monkey and the marmoset.


Social relations within troops of red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus).


Intergroup behavior of free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).


A study of bacterial flora of upper respiratory tract in children and evaluation of demeclocycline in upper respiratory tract infections.


Estimation of serum IgE by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).


Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in two foals.


Monocarboxamidomethyl carbonic anhydrase purified by affinity chromatography.


Quantitative immunological and electrophoretic comparison of primate lysozymes.


Regulation of rat liver glycogen synthetase. Carboxylic acid activation of liver glycogen synthetase.


The development of eggs produced by the female-sterile mutant almondex of Drosophila melanogaster.


The relationship of hyperglycemia to periodontal disease.


Significant variations in distribution of the anterior descending coronary artery in primates.


Which disinfectants for Australian hospitals?


Observations concerning the effects of radiations on the segregation of chromosomes.


Studies on non-disjunction of the major autosomes in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Methodology and rate of induction by x-rays for the compound second chromosome.


3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol excretion and behavioural changes in rat and monkey after central sympathecomy with 6-hydroxydopamine.


Copying natural RNAs with E. coli DNA polymerase I.


Abnormal thyroxine metabolism in hyposomatotrophic dwarfism and inhibition of responsiveness to TRH during GH therapy.


Growth of various bacteria in a variety of intravenous fluids.


Hypomelanosis of Ito ("incontinentia pigmenti achromians"). Report of three cases and review of the literature.


Erythema nodosum following gold sodium thiomalate therapy.


Multiple cutaneous neuromas.

Multiple cutaneous neuromas.


Peripheral hemodynamic effects of oral controlled-release nitroglycerin (Nitrong) in man.


Clinical evaluation of systemic acetylcysteine by different routes of administration.


Tolerance and pharmacology of ibuprofen.


Effect of aflatoxin and aspergillosis on turkey poults.


Clinical evaluation of paramethasone phosphate in septic shock: a preliminary report.


Loxapine: a six-month evaluation in severely ill schizophrenic patients.


Clinical and pharmacological evaluation of cephapirin sodium (BL-P-1322) in infants and children (cephapirin in pediatric patients).


Diazepam in the treatment of insomnia in psychiatric patients.


The treatment of muscle contraction headaches with diazepam.


An uncontrolled clinical trial with clomipramine in the treatment of depressed patients.


Observations on the response of dysgammaglobulinemic chickens to malarial infection.


Marek's disease vaccine: prophylactic efficacy of a lyophilized turkey herpesvirus of chick cell-culture origin.


Tyrosinase activities of cell-free extracts and living cells of cultured melanoma cells.


Minor physical anomalies and academic performance in young school-children.


Preformed natural antibodies in animals and man. Outlook on xenotransplantation.


Absence of Marek's disease in chicks hatched from eggs containing blood or meat spots.


Isolation and some characteristics of an agent associated with inclusion body hepatitis, hemorrhages, and aplastic anemia in chickens.


Characteristics of human antibody to diphtheria toxin. Human antibody to diphtheria toxin was analyzed with an ammonium sulfate radioimmunoassay. In 15 immune sera with titers of between 0.03 and 25 units/ml, the avidity was similar to that of U.S. standard antitoxin. The proportion of the post-immunization anti-diphtheria antibody specific for fragment A was variable, but in the 10 sera tested constituted a substantial fraction of the antibody. Approximately 2% of healthy adult males tested failed to make an antidiphtheria toxin response after two booster doses of 1.5 Lf adsorbed diphtheriatetanus toxoid, although these nonresponders made precipitating antibody to tetanus toxoid and had normal immunoglobulin levels.


Properties of the enterotoxic component in Escherichia coli enteropathogenic for swine. The enterotoxic component in sterile syncase broth filtrates of Escherichia coli strains 340 (O9:K.:NM) and P307 (O8:K87,88a,b:H19) was studied. The enterotoxic activity in both strains was retained by an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight retention of 100,000 (XM-100A) and eluted from a Sephadex G-200 column in the void volume. The enterotoxic activity in strain 340 was resistant to heating at 75 C for 30 min, but the activity in strain P307 was destroyed by heating at 60 C for 30 min. The P307 Sephadex G-200 column eluate possessing the enterotoxic activity, when desalted, contained 45.8% carbohydrate and 9.3% protein, and had an ED(50) of 2.2 mg/rabbit ileal loop. Immunodiffusion studies showed that this material contained both endotoxin and acid-polysaccharide capsular material. The enterotoxic activity was acidlabile and was destroyed by Pronase, but was resistant to trypsin and eluted as a single peak in the void volume of a 4% agarose column. The enterotoxic component could not be separated from the endotoxin; in fact, the data indicated that the two components are closely associated and that the enterotoxic activity resides in material of a protein nature.


Inhibition of migration of mouse macrophages by tuberculin-sensitive mouse lymphocytes and by mouse migration inhibitory factor. The guinea pig migration inhibition technique, an accepted in vitro correlate of delayed hypersensitivity, has been adapted to a murine system. Peritoneal exudate cells from CF-1 mice vaccinated with viable cells of the H37Ra strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were inhibited in vitro by purified protein derivative (PPD) or whole H37Ra microorganisms. Peritoneal exudate cells from the inbred C57Bl/6 mice immunized with H37Ra cells also were inhibited in vitro by PPD or whole H37Ra microorganisms. Migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was produced by splenic lymphocytes from the H37Ra-immunized C57Bl/6 mice when incubated with either antigen. Intravenous injection of PPD or viable H37Ra organisms into H37Ra mice resulted in MIF production in vitro by splenic lymphocytes without further antigenic stimulation. Peritoneal exudate cells from nonimmunized C57Bl/6 mice and supernatant fluids from cultures of lymphocytes from nonimmunized C57Bl/6 mice were not inhibited in the presence of antigen. The production of MIF by splenic lymphocytes from immunized C57Bl/6 mice depended upon the conditions under which the lymphocytes were cultured, the time of exposure to antigen (3 days), the use of a higher concentration of PPD for stimulation of lymphocytes than that required for guinea pig cells, and also the use of cells from a highly inbred mouse strain.


Antigens of Streptococcus sanguis.

Antigens of Streptococcus sanguis. An antigenic analysis of the alpha-hemolytic streptococci isolated from dental plaque was performed by use of antisera against a strain of Streptococcus sanguis (M-5) which was isolated from dental plaque. Immunoelectrophoretic and Ouchterlony tests of Rantz and Randall extracts of 45 strains gave positive reactions with the M-5 antisera. These strains represented 60% of the strains tested. The number of antigens which could be identified in these extracts varied from one to five and were designated a to e. The a antigen was found in 36 of the strains tested, including reference strains of S. sanguis and the group H streptococci. The strains reacting with the M-5 antisera were divided into two majors types: type I consisted of 23 strains in which the a antigen was found alone or with one or more of the c, d, and e antigens; type II consisted of 13 strains in which both the a and b antigens were found with or without one or more of the c, d, and e antigens. The remaining strains contained, either singly or in combination, the b, c, d, and e antigens but not the a antigen. Biochemical tests of representatives of each serotype and reference strains indicated that strains reacting with M-5 antisera were S. sanguis. These findings suggest that S. sanguis strains share common physiological and serological properties.


Fate of listeria monocytogenes in normal rabbit serum. Viability of Listeria monocytogenes suspended in either normal rabbit serum or listericidal factor is significantly reduced before cell lysis. In normal serum Listeria populations are initially reduced by clumping of viable bacteria, and the cells within these clumps are morphologically altered and killed by the listericidal factor in serum. This clumping is complement independent and does not occur after suspension in purified listericidal factor. In electron micrographs, densely stained amorphous material was seen surrounding clumped cells suspended in serum. Initial damage to Listeria suspended in either serum or listericidal factor appears to be confined to plasma and mesosomal membranes. The mesosomes are rapidly disorganized, and the plasma membrane becomes crenated and separates from the cell wall. Subsequently, the fibrillar organization of the nuclear region disrupts, and the cytoplasm increases in granularity. Studies utilizing Listeria protoplasts provided evidence in support of the plasma membrane as the site of listericidal action. Cell death may be related to loss in enzyme function after crenation of the plasma membrane and mesosomal dissolution.


The effect of hypocalcaemia on the secretion of calcitonin.


A rabbit antiserum to a thymus extract specific for mouse thymus-derived cells.


Immunologic aspects of hepatitis-associated antigen and antibody in human body fluids.


Regulation of the immune response with antigen specific IgM antibody: a dual role.


Physical association of two nuclear antigens and mutual occurrence of their antibodies: the relationship of the SM and RNAprotein (MO) systems in SLE sera.


Local antibody response to poliovaccine in the human female genital tract.


Studies on tetanus antitoxins. II. Demonstration of at least four antitoxins of different specificity in antitoxic sera.


Polymerized ragweed antigen E. I. Preparation and immunologic studies.


The use of temporary gastrostomy and jejunostomy feeding after surgery.


Rh prevention: a report and analysis of a national programme.


Synthesis of glycoproteins in brain: identification, purification and properties of a synaptosomal sialyl transferase utilizing endogenous and exogenous acceptors.


Immunological studies on a membrane protein (chromomembrin B) of catecholamine-storing vesicles.


Treatment for multiple sclerosis.

Treatment for multiple sclerosis.


Cancer of the bladder: achievements and limitations of radiotherapy.


Aspects of free fatty acid metabolism during induced hypothermia.


Effects of whole-body X-irradiation on anemic mutant rats.


The effects of pyrithioxine and pyridoxine in rats with early protein or calorie malnutrition. I. Effect on social interaction and avoidance acquisition in adult rats.


Fat nutrition and diet in childhood.

Fat nutrition and diet in childhood. This paper discusses the nutritional requirements for fat in infants and children in the light of the dietary alterations recently proposed by the Inter-Society Commission on Heart Disease Resources.  It is not well known what the requirement for total fat and for serum cholesterol level during the first year of life should be.  It is known that the only proved requirement for fat is linoleic acid, and that a logical fat intake would be that supplied by breast milk.  80% of American infants are fed with formulas which are not supplemented with the essential vitamin E.  After infancy fat requirements change, and body stores are sufficient to insure against fatty acid deficiency.  The dietary intake of American children is high in quantities of saturated fats and cholesterol, possibly leading to atherosclerosis later in life.  The question is whether this cholesterogenic diet is harmful to all Americans or to a limited number of clinically discernible subjects, i.e., those children genetically predisposed to hyperlipoproteinimia.  Such predisposition could be diagnosed at birth by screening of the umbilical cord blood, and checked again at school age and at adolescence.  Thus, although limitation of a cholesterogenic diet to prevent obesity is reasonable, restricting cholestrogenic foods in everyone for the unproved distant goal of reducing atherosclerosis is dubious.


Trifluoroacetic acid and some possible intermediate metabolites of halothane as haptens.


Comparative studies of phosphorylase isozymes from the rabbit.


On the control of glycogen synthetase in mammalian liver.


Studies on the structure and mechanism of action of the glycogen debranching enzymes of muscle nd liver.


ADPG synthetase and ADPG- -glucan 4-glucosyl transferase: enzymes involved in bacterial glycogen and plant starch synthesis.


Storage polyglucosides. Introductory remarks.


Genetics of storage polyglucosides in Zea mays L.


A possible intermediate in the initiation of glycogen biosynthesis.


The distribution of the anterior commissure in the squirrel monkey.


Separation of visual functions within the corpus callosum of monkeys.


Acute response of the mouse bladder to derivatives of 4-ethylsulphonylnaphthalene-1-sulphonamide and bladder carcinogens measured by the uptake of (125 I)5-iodo-2 -deoxyuridine.


Mitotic arrest by melatonin.

Mitotic arrest by melatonin.


Changes induced by concanavalin A in morphological and adhesive properties of suspension cells.


Identification of temperature increases and decreases: a difficult task for monkey and human.


Influence of temperature on myocardial healing-over.


Dietary treatment of hepatic diseases.

Dietary treatment of hepatic diseases.


Transcription of spontaneously released bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid in frog auricles. After frog auricles have been in contact with a suspension of bacteria or bacteria-free supernatant fluid, newly synthesized bacterial ribonucleic acid (RNA) is recovered in animal cells. It appears that the presence of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-dependent RNA polymerase is necessary for the transcription of bacterial DNA in the host cells. This phenomenon seems to be related to a transfer of DNA and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from bacteria into animal cells.


Analysis of isoaccepting transfer ribonucleic acid species of Bacillus subtilis: changes in chromatography of transfer ribonucleic acids associated with stage of development. Changes in chromatographic profiles of tyrosyl-, leucyl-, tryptophanyl-, and lysyl-transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) are presented as a function of the growth stage in Bacillus subtilis. All of the tRNA groups investigated expressed different temporal patterns of change in isoaccepting species. Tyrosyl-tRNAs were the earliest to change and were followed by changes in leucyl- and then tryptophanyl-tRNAs. Lysyl-tRNAs were unique in having two times of change: one early and one very late. As an aid in understanding the temporal aspect of tRNA alterations during sporulation, the chromatographic profiles of aminoacyl tRNAs from an early blocked asporogenous mutant were studied. The asporogenous mutant used was blocked at the axial filament stage, stage 0 of sporulation. Nevertheless, those tRNAs which showed differences between the spore and cells in exponential growth exhibited similar changes in the asporogenous mutant after 24 h of growth. The data suggest that several tRNA changes occur during development in B. subtilis but that the events leading to these changes are either independent of, or occur before, stage 0 of sporulation, except in the case of lysyl-tRNA.


Genetic studies relating to the production of transformed clones diploid in the tryptophan region of the Bacillus subtilis genome. Transformation experiments with Bacillus subtilis strains carrying trpE26 (the marker responsible for the detection of merodiploid clones after transformation or transduction) have established the precise position of this marker on the "aromatic region" of the chromosome, at the distal end of the anthranilate synthetase locus. Integration efficiency of the mutant allele (trpE26) seems to be very low. Co-transfer of markers situated on either side of it is almost nil when both donor and recipient carry this mutation. The "exclusion" of trpE26 does not, however, affect recombination frequencies for nearby markers. To explain these facts we considered the hypothesis of a preferential breakage of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) at the trpE26 site or that of an insertion mutation. These studies have also demonstrated the establishment of physical linkage of a marker from the exogenote (hisH2) to a resident marker (tyrA1) in stable and unstable merodiploid clones, thus confirming integration of the donor DNA segment into a genetic structure of the recipient. Furthermore, duplication was shown in merodiploid clones (through reversion and transformation) for a locus of the recipient (tyrA) which was not involved in the initial transformation. This suggests that the diploid condition in this region extends beyond the transformed area. Interpretation of the genetic constitution of these partial diploids calls for postulation of the existence of long duplications, a second (incomplete) chromosome, or an episome-like element.


Binding of radioactive benzylpenicillin to asporogenous mutants of Bacillus subtilis during postexponential growth. The specific penicillin binding capacity of a postexponential culture of Staphylococcus aureus remains constant, but that of a sporulating Bacillus subtilis culture fluctuates dramatically. An initial decrease in binding capacity during presporulation events is followed by two distinct intervals of enhanced specific binding capacity during the postlogarithmic growth of a sporulating B. subtilis culture. The first peak of enhanced binding occurs during septation, when enzymes for germ cell wall formation are present; and the second peak coincides with cortical biosynthesis. The specific postlogarithmic binding capacities of a number of Spo(-) mutants of B. subtilis were examined to ascertain if specific asporogenous mutations altered the binding pattern observed with the wild-type organism. Four distinct postexponential binding patterns were recognized: (i) a low, constant binding capacity resembling the binding pattern of S. aureus, (ii) a decrease in binding capacity with no subsequent significant peaks, (iii) a decrease in binding capacity followed by a single peak corresponding to the first peak seen with the wild type, (iv) a pattern similar to the wild type. The fourth pattern was observed in a mutant blocked during stage III of sporogenesis which produced forespores that never became refractile. Mutations blocking either one or both periods of enhanced postlogarithmic binding were interspersed throughout a linkage group of spore genes next to lys-2 on the B. subtilis chomosome.


Purification and properties of a glycoprotein acid phosphatase from Candida albicans. An acid phosphomonoesterase was purified 87-fold with a 4% recovery from disintegrated cells of Candida albicans by four stages of column chromatography. The purified enzyme was homogeneous by ultracentrifugal, electrophoretic, and immunological analyses. The fully corrected sedimentation coefficient, s(20,w), was calculated to be 5.51s. Molecular weight estimated from ultracentrifugal data was 124.3 x 10(3), from gel chromatography was 115 x 10(3), and from acrylamide gel electrophoretic data was 131 x 10(3). Buoyant density in sucrose was 1.15 g/cm(3). The enzyme was a mannoprotein with a hexose to protein ratio of 7: 1. The Michaelis constant of the enzyme was 3.3 x 10(-4) M for p-nitrophenyl phosphate as substrate, and the pH optimum was 4.5. The enzyme was competitively inhibited by inorganic phosphate (K(i) = 10(-4) M) and by arsenate (K(i) = 0.5 x 10(-4) M). A wide range of inorganic cations and anions did not affect enzyme activity, but Hg(2+), Cd(2+), and Cu(2+) were inhibitory. F(-) was also inhibitory at low concentrations, but the effect was reversed at higher concentrations. Phosphatase activity was completely destroyed by exposure of the enzyme to 70 C for 12 min, but was destroyed only slowly by proteolytic hydrolysis. The purified glycoprotein enzyme gave a line of identity with the "b" antigen of crude C. albicans homogenates in immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis tests with sera from rabbits inoculated with intact C. albicans cells and from humans with proven candidiasis. Preliminary evidence suggests that the mannan and not the protein portion of the enzyme molecule is responsible for this antigenicity.


Some properties of the autolytic N-acetylmuramidase of Lactobacillus acidophilus. The autolytic N-acetylmuramidase present in Lactobacillus acidophilus strain 63 AM Gasser has an optimal pH between 5 and 6 when lysing intact cells or isolated cell walls. Cellular lysis at pH 5 is two to four times more rapid in citrate buffer of 0.01 M and 0.5 M or higher than in 0.1 M acetate buffer. It seems that sulfhydryl groups are required for both cell and wall autolysis. Heavy metal ions and p-chloro-mercuribenzoate, at low concentrations, are powerful inhibitors. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid stimulates cellular but not wall autolysis in acetate buffer to the level obtained in citrate buffer. The possible involvement of sulfhydryl groups in a mechanism of control of cellular autolytic activity is discussed. The autolytic enzyme, although unstable in solution at 37 C, can be extracted from walls by the use of solutions of bovine serum albumin (100 mug/ml) in 0.01 N NaOH. Soluble enzyme extracted from walls rebinds on to sodium decylsulfate-treated walls, but three times as much of the wall material is required to completely re-adsorb the activity.


Proteins released from cell envelopes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on exposure to ethylenediaminetetraacetate: comparison with dimethylformamide-extractable proteins. Isolated cell envelopes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were treated with N,N'-dimethylformamide (DMF) or with ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA). DMF solubilized 73% of the dry weight of the cell envelope, 76% of the protein, 78% of the carbohydrate, and 76% of the phosphorus. Electron microscopy showed that DMF caused extensive alterations in the appearance of the cell envelope with blebs and bleblike vesicles predominating. After incubation with EDTA, the cell envelopes appeared to have lost material, but still retained the cell-like morphology. Analysis of DMF-solubilized proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed 16 protein bands. There were three major proteins that predominated, however, with molecular masses of 43,000 (protein A), 16,500 (protein B), and 72,000 daltons (protein C). Evidence is presented that protein A and protein B are glycoproteins. Gel electrophoresis of EDTA-solubilized material revealed that a number of proteins were released from the cell envelope. However, electrophoresis of an isolated protein-lipopolysaccharide complex released by EDTA showed that protein A and protein B were the major protein components of this complex. These data suggest that protein A and protein B are components of the outer cell wall membrane of P. aeruginosa. There is suggestive evidence that these proteins may play a role in maintaining the structural integrity of the cell envelope. Whether these proteins also have enzymatic activity could not be discerned from the present study, although it is possible that they may be associated with the terminal stages of lipopolysaccharide synthesis.


Detection and characterization of plasmids in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO. Using a variety of techniques, it has been established that the sex factor FP2 has a density of 1.717 g/cm(3) (corresponding to a guanine plus cytosine [G + C] content of 58%) and a mean circular contour length of 28.5 +/- 0.6 mum (corresponding to a molecular weight of 59 x 10(6)). Another sex factor FP39 has a density of 1.719 g/cm(3) (corresponding to a G + C content of 60%) and a mean circular contour length of 26.5 +/- 0.5 mum (corresponding to a molecular weight of 55 x 10(6)). It appears that all, or nearly all, of the FP sex factor deoxyribonucleic acid occurs as covalent circular molecules under the conditions employed. In addition, these procedures have been used to demonstrate that strain PAO, a naturally occurring female (i.e., FP(-)) strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, harbors a number of cryptic plasmids having similar densities to the bulk of the cell deoxyribonucleic acid (1.726 g/cm(3)) and occurring as covalent circular molecules.


Transformation of germinated spores of Bacillus subtilis on agar plates. l-Alanine-germinated spores of Bacillus subtilis developed a competence on agar plates after 10 h of incubation. Addition of marker amino acid to the plates was required for the transformation.


Dipicolinic acid location in intact spores of Bacillus megaterium. Beta-attenuation analysis of intact spores of Bacillus megaterium containing tritium-labeled dipicolinic acid has shown that dipicolinic acid is located in the spore protoplast and not in the cortex.


Study of phenoloxidase activity during the reproductive cycle in Schizophyllum commune. A study of the temporal relationship between the appearance of phenoloxidase activity and the formation of fruiting bodies in Schizophyllum commune was undertaken. The results indicate that phenoloxidase activity increases in colonies subsequent to the formation of aggregate masses of hyphae, continues to increase until mature, sporulating fruiting structures are produced, and then declines significantly.


Properties of an inducible C 4 -dicarboxylic acid transport system in Bacillus subtilis. The transport of the tricarboxylic acid cycle C(4)-dicarboxylic acids was studied in both the wild-type strain and tricarboxylic acid cycle mutants of Bacillus subtilis. Active transport of malate, fumarate, and succinate was found to be inducible by these dicarboxylic acids or by precursors to them, whereas glucose or closely related metabolites catabolite-repressed their uptake. l-Malate was found to be the best dicarboxylic acid transport inducer in succinic dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malic dehydrogenase mutants. Succinate and fumarate are accumulated over 100-fold in succinic dehydrogenase and fumarase mutants, respectively, whereas mutants lacking malate dehydrogenase were unable to accumulate significant quantities of the C(4)-dicarboxylic acids. The stereospecificity of this transport system was studied from a comparison of the rates of competitive inhibition of both succinate uptake and efflux in a succinate dehydrogenase mutant by utilizing thirty dicarboxylic acid analogues. The system was specific for the C(4)-dicarboxylic acids of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, neither citrate nor alpha-ketoglutarate were effective competitive inhibitors. Of a wide variety of metabolic inhibitors tested, inhibiors of oxidative phosphorylation and of the formation of proton gradients were the most potent inhibitors of transport. From the kinetics of dicarboxylic acid transport (K(m) approximately 10(-4) M for succinate or fumarate in succinic acid dehydrogenase and fumarase mutants) and from the competitive inhibition studies, it was concluded that an inducible dicarboxylic acid transport system mediates the entry of malate, fumarate, or succinate into B. subtilis. Mutants devoid of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase were shown to accumulate both alpha-ketoglutarate and glutamate, and these metabolites subsequently inhibited the transport of all the C(4)-dicarboxylic acids, suggesting a regulatory role.


Palmityl coenzyme A inhibition of fatty acid synthesis. Relief by bovine serum albumin and mycobacterial polysaccharides.


Isolation and properties of a ribonuclease-deficient mutant of Salmonella typhimurium. A mutant of Salmonella typhimurium has been isolated that has less than 5% of the ribonuclease activity of the parent strain. Mutant screening and enzyme assays were done in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, a substance that activates ribonuclease I and inhibits other known microbial nucleases. Genetic mapping indicates that the mutation is located between the purE and gal genes on the Salmonella chromosome. A ribonuclease-deficient mutant that carries a deletion in the pyrF gene is unable to utilize ribonucleic acid as a pyrimidine source, whereas the pyrF parent with normal ribonuclease activity will grow. This suggests that the enzyme may perform a scavenge function in the utilization of exogenous ribonucleic acid. Loss of this enzyme seems to have no detrimental effects on the growth of Salmonella.


Fatty acid synthetase of developing brain and liver. Content, synthesis, and degradation during development.


Mitochondrial D- -hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. 3. Isolation and characterization.


An experimental anatomical study of the fasciculus mamillothalamicus in rats.


An evolutionary study of the methylation of transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acid in prokaryote and eukaryote organisms.


Interspecies correlations of cerebral cortical oxygen consumption, acetylcholinesterase activity and chloride content: studies on the brains of the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) and the sperm whale (Physeter catadon).


The activities of butyrylcholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase, the rate of anaerobic glycolysis, and the question of a constant density of glial cells in cerebral cortices of various mammalian species from mouse to whale.


Extrageniculostriate vision in the monkey. V. Role of accessory optic system.


Achondrogenesis: case report and review of the literature.


Urinary mannose in mannosidosis.

Urinary mannose in mannosidosis.


Iris dysplasia, orbital hypertelorism, and psychomotor retardation: a dominantly inherited developmental syndrome.


Experience with an elemental diet in neonatal surgery.


Incidence and source of contamination of intravenous nutritional infusion systems.


Renal clearances of polyfructosan-S and  51 Cr EDTA in the albino rat.


The prenatal diagnosis of metabolic disorders.


The clinical value of routine electroencephalography.


Reuse of effluents: methods of wastewater treatment and health safeguards. Report of a WHO meeting of experts.


Association between the ABO blood-groups and stone in the deep bile ducts.


[Phycomycetes and mast cells in hypependymal cysts of the area postrema in Macaca arotoïdes].


Long term parenteral nutrition by means of an arterio-venous (A-V) fistula.


Providencia stuartii sepsis: a new challenge in the treatment of thermal injury.


The effect of human amniotic membranes on the bacteria population of infected rat burns.


Effect of hemorrhagic shock on pulmonary interstitial sodium distribution in the primate lung.


80S ribosomal proteins.

80S ribosomal proteins.


Mitochondrial ribosomes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: isolation.


A factor responsible for thymineless death in Bacillus subtilis.


A comparison of the utilization of thymine and thymidine as precursors for deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in Bacillus subtilis, and their specific inhibition by 6-(p-hydroxyphenylazo)uracil and caffeine.


Determination of C-reactive protein by electroimmunodiffusion in blood and CSF of neurological patients.


Golgi type II interneurons in the neuronal circuit of the monkey lateral geniculate nucleus.


Antiepileptic properties of   9 -tetrahydrocannabinol.


Effect of subcortical aluminum cream lesions on attentive behavior and the electroencephalogram in monkeys.


Studies on the physiology and biochemistry of mammalian epididymis: biochemical composition of epididymis. A comparative study.