Behavior therapy technique for exhibitionism. A preliminary report.


Oxygen consumption in anterior versus posterior embryonic shield of Fundulus heteroclitus.


Psychiatric education for nonpsychiatric physicians.


Temperature, water, and respiratory regimes of an amphibious snail, Pomacea urceus (Müller), from the Venezuelan savannah.


Regeneration of the proboscis of muricid gastropods after amputation, with emphasis on the radula and cartilages.


Latitudinal effects on metabolic rates in the cricket frog, Acris crepitans: acutely measured rates in summer frogs.


Sugar release and penetration in insect fat body: relations to regulation of haemolymph trehalose in developing stages of Hyalophora cecropia.


Hyperbaric oxygen and embryonic development in Arbacia punctulata.


Some factors controlling reproduction in the spider crab, Libinia emarginata.


The prompt detection of ionizing radiations by carpenter ants.


Respiration and photosynthesis in Convoluta roscoffensis Graff, infected with various symbionts.


The role of calcium ion in avian myogenesis in vitro.


Hemorrhagic varicella in parahemophilia.


Further evidence for the multispecificity of snail agglutinins: investigations on the Pomacea urceus protectin.


Clinical significance of total IgE and of specific IgE to Dermatophagoides spp., grass pollen and other common allergens. II. Relationship to clinical manifestations.


Myocardial rupture in acute myocardial infarction.


Electron microscopic examination of intracellular myocytolysis in acute catecholamine-induced myocardial lesions.


Changes in fine structure of fibrin in fibrinolysis.


Morphological and biochemical changes in animal vascular wall after hyperstimulation.


Dynamics of metabolic changes following administration of ethanol.


Analysis of writing errors in Japanese aphasic patients: kanji versus kana words.


Bilateral tachistoscopic recognitions of verbal and nonverbal stimuli.


A quantitative study on language understanding in fluent and nonfluent aphasia.


Spatial discrimination systems and cerebral lateralization.


Short term memory disorders following temporal lobe removals in humans.


Recognition of syntactic structure in aphasic patients.


A simple procedure for constructing dichotic listening tapes.


The effect of inhibition of catechol O-methyltransferase on some cardiovascular responses to l-dopa in the dog.


In vivo persistent binding of  3 H-reserpine to rat brain subcellular components.


The effect of propranolol and quinidine on  22 Na- and  42 K-exchange in the cat papillary muscle.


Comparison of the chronic effects of p,p'-DDT and  -chlordane on brain amines.


Differential activation of the inner and outer muscle cell layers of the rabbit ear artery.


Amphetamine concentrations in rat brain and human urine after fenproporex administration.


The effects of aminophylline on the increased myocardial blood flow produced by systemic hypoxia or by coronary artery occlusion.


The lethal effects of   1 -tetrahydrocannabinol in aggregated and isolated mice following single dose administration.


Studies on the mechanism of hydrocortisone potentiation of vasoconstrictor responses to epinephrine in the anesthetized animal.


The effect of prostaglandins on junction potentials in the mouse vas deferens.


Modification of the action of propranolol and quinidine on  22 Na- and  42 K-exchange by reserpine.


Effects of clonidine on aortic diameter and aortic baroreceptor activity.


Studies on the quantitative antagonism of analgesics by naloxone and diprenorphine.


Prevention of the haloperidol-induced blockade of a conditioned avoidance response by l-dopa.


Sex-dependent and sex-independent neural control of reactivity to electric footshock in the rat.


Studies on the relation of chemical structure to glycogenolytic activity in the brain.


Conductance changes in neocortical propagated seizure: seizure initiation.


Conductance changes in neocortical propagated seizure: seizure termination.


Activation of gracile nucleus: time distribution of activity in presynaptic and postsynaptic elements.


Permanent reduction in seizure threshold resulting from repeated electrical stimulation.


Some effects of acute anoxia and prolonged asphyxia on rat brain.


Effects of acetyl- -methylcholine on development of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities in cultured chick embryonic skeletal muscle.


Characteristics of second pain and flexion reflexes indicative of prolonged central summation.


Effects of priming for audiogenic seizure on auditory evoked responses in the cochlear nucleus and inferior colliculus of BALB-c mice.


Ophthalmology manpower needs underestimated.


The role of ependyma in spinal cord regeneration in the urodele, Triturus.


The MOPP controversy.

The MOPP controversy.


Etiology of esotropia missed diagnostic method.


Orbital granuloma projecting through the upper fornix with a retained foreign body (record of an unusual case).


The use of glycine in the reduction of intraocular pressure.


Therapeutic cerumenolysis.

Therapeutic cerumenolysis.


Post-laryngectomy speech: an evaluation of a Japanese pneumatic speech aid.


Some aspects of nasal allergy: a review.


Use of drugs for unapproved indications: your legal responsibility.


The National Commission on Medical Malpractice.


Dose response of gastric acid to insulin in patients with duodenal ulcer.


Relation of giardiasis to abnormal intestinal structure and function in gastrointestinal immunodeficiency syndromes.


Effect of 9- -fluorohydrocortisone on the ileal excreta of ileostomized subjects.


Intestinal protein loss in Crohn's disease.


Interaction of stimulants of acid secretion in cat.


Intestinal microflora in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis: urea-splitting bacteria and neomycin resistance.


Perfusion of the hamster jejunum with conjugated and unconjugated bile acids: inhibition of water absorption and effects on morphology.


Crohn's disease of the mouth.

Crohn's disease of the mouth.


Persistent, fulminant watery diarrhea complicating chronic active hepatitis.


Effect of chronic ethanol feeding on bile formation and secretion of lipids in the rat.


Primary lactase deficiency: genetic or acquired?


The community corporation and its implications for education and research in health and medical care.


Where do we go from here?

Where do we go from here?


What is a good statistical report?

What is a good statistical report?


Alternative to current MPH degree program.


Public health workers in the labor force.


Pesticides sold in grocery stores are potential health hazards.


The etiology of lung cancer in northeastern Oklahoma.


Finnish goals of health policy and medical research.


Cell absorption in the body wall of hydra.


Death certificates as supplementary sources of information in epidemiologic studies of clefts.


Carbenicillin in the treatment of gonorrhea in males.


Thyroxine secretion rate and distribution and uptake of  131 I in goat.


Effect of stilbestrol dipropionate on egg production and growth of reproductive organs in poultry.


Oocytes of Rasbora daniconius ham.: chemical composition and fate of yolk vesicles.


Heterocyclic systems containing bridgehead nitrogen atom. 13. Antifungal and antibacterial activities of thiazole and thiazolidinone derivatives.


Anti-inflammatory activity of the oil isolated from Cyperus scariosus (R. Br.).


Comparative study of the methods of determination of cerebral glycogen by quick-freezing technique and by anaesthesia.


Antibacterial activity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes of dog and rabbit.


Activity patterns of interneurons in the ventral nerve cord of the scorpion, Heterometrus fulvipes C. Koch.


In vitro effect of drugs against pathogenic and non-pathogenic free-living amoebae and on anaerobic amoebae.


Effect of mitomycin C on the protein and non-protein nitrogen content of mouse fibrosarcoma.


Antibacterial action of some naturally occurring citrus bioflavonoids.


Effect of transitory protein supplements on early fetal development in rats.


Amino acids produced in the course of fermentative production of kanamycin by Streptomyces canus.


Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. as a fish poison.


Effect of black strap molasses on kanamycin production by Streptomyces canus.


Cell interaction during regeneration of normal and radiated hydras.


Changes in TTS associated with humming and nonvocal activities.


Temporary threshold shifts in chinchilla: electrophysiological correlates.


An algorithm for analysis of phase effects: application to monaural distortion product estimation.


Loudness enhancement following contralateral stimulation.


Bandpass noise stimulation of the simulated basilar membrane.


Masking by narrow bands of noise in proximity to more intense pure tones of higher frequency: application to measurement of combination band levels and some comparisons with masking by combination noise.


Combination bands of even order: masking effects and estimations of level of the difference bands (f h -f 1 ) and 2(f h -f 1 ).


Masking by combination bands: estimation of the levels of the combination bands (n+1)f 1 -nf h .


Study of the acoustic reflex in human beings. I. Dynamic characteristics.


Preservation of constant loudness with interaural amplitude asymmetry.


Note on psychometric invariance of detection functions.


Differences of interaural phase and level in detection and lateralization: 1000 and 2000 Hz.


Tympanic-membrane vibrations in human cadaver ears studied by time-averaged holography.


Memory for auditory waveform.

Memory for auditory waveform.


Physiological noise as a masker of low frequencies: the cardiac cycle.


Tone-on-tone masking for three binaural listening conditions.


Emotions and speech: some acoustical correlates.


An earphone coupling system for acute physiological studies.


Comparability of two commercially available artificial mastoids.


On the derivative relationship between stapes movement and cochlear microphonic.


Animation of computer-generated molecular models.


Human communications.

Human communications.


Natural science photography. 4.

Natural science photography. 4.


A deep ulcer and stricture of the esophagus.


Retroperitoneal abscess from posterior perforation of duodenal ulcer.


Mental health services in a changing world.


Expansion of cardiac monitoring using radio-telemetry.


Principles governing physician-attorney relations.


Television equipment and its application in the learning of surgical skills.


Teaching medical ethics: an experimental program.


The use of simulated patients in a certification examination in family medicine.


The review and revision of certification procedures in pediatric cardiology.


Shorter training in cardiology for practicing physicians.


Psychiatry in prebaccalaureate education.


A summertime scientific work program in a community-oriented hospital.


Case-study problem: a new form of evaluation.


Reconciling community needs and teaching demands.


Periodical use by medical students: an unobtrusive study.


Development and evaluation of self-instructional materials.


Responses to reprint requests.

Responses to reprint requests.


The medical college and prison health care.


More on the Carnegie Commission Report.

More on the Carnegie Commission Report.


Residency programs for women.

Residency programs for women.


The role of surgery in the undergraduate medical curriculum.


Aspects of the ultrastructure of the alimentary canal and respiratory ducts in Xenopus laevis larvae.


Lymphoid tissue in the snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina.


Solubility of organic hydrochlorides.

Solubility of organic hydrochlorides.


Inhibition of platelet aggregation by bisulfite-sulfite.


Correlation of plasma 4,5-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenylpyrrole-3-acetonitrile levels with biological activity.


In vitro model for transport of solutes in three-phase system. I. Theoretical principles.


Radiotracer distribution and excretion study of chlorophenothane in rats.


In vitro model for transport of solutes in three-phase system. II. Experimental considerations.


Synthesis of novel analgesic agents. IV. 1,2-dialkyl-3-aryl piperidazines and 1,2,3-trialkyl-3-aryl piperidazines.


Drug input optimization: bioavailability-effected time-optimal control of multiple, simultaneous, pharmacological effects and their interrelationships.


Potential antiarrhythmic agents. 3. 4-amino-N-(2-(substituted amino)ethyl)-2,6-dimethylbenzamides.


Effect of environmental conditions and polymer ratio on water vapor transmission through free plasticized cellulose films.


Rapid microtiter method for cytotoxicity screening.


Functional group contribution in ion-pair extraction of tricyclic amines.


Selected pharmacological studies of succinic semialdehyde.


Influence of gibberellic acid on growth, flowering, and alkaloidal content of Atropa belladonna L. grown in Egypt.


GLC assay of meprobamate and related carbamates.


Determination of isomeric composition of amphetamine mixtures from melting points of monohydrogen succinate salts.


Separation and determination of barbiturates in pharmaceuticals by high speed liquid chromatography.


Dissolution rate studies. II. Modified column apparatus and its use in evaluating isosorbide dinitrate tablets.


Immunochemical studies on linear antigenic polypeptides with a known repeating sequence of amino acids.


Antitumor activity of Bursera schlechtendalii (burseraceae): isolation and structure determination of two new lignans.


Photochemical studies of marijuana (cannabis) constituents.


-(2-Methoxyphenoxy)lactic acid, the major urinary metabolite of glyceryl guaiacolate in man.


Sedimentation kinetics of flocculated suspensions. 3. Effect of zeta-potential.


Significance of coupling terms in passive transport of drugs affected by complex formation reactions.


Excretion and tissue distribution of uniformly labeled  14 C-pentachlorophenol in rats.


Biosynthesis of tropic acid in Datura innoxia root tissue.


Surface area term in Myhill-Piper equation.


Effect of microsomal activation on interaction between isophosphamide and DNA.


Solutions of N-substituted amino acids. IV. Tautomerism in N,N-Di-n-butyl- -, - -, and - -amino acids.


Recent studies on the gastrointestinal tract.


Typhoid perforations.

Typhoid perforations.


The treatment of typhoid perforation of the ileum.


Perforated peptic ulcer in a reduplicated loop of ileum.


Congenital spinal cysts of meningeal origin.


Adenocarcinoma of a Meckel's diverticulum.


An injecting probe for operative cholangiography.


A technique of primary operative cholangiography.


Excision of the trapezium using a palmar approach.


Effects of  -methoxy derivatives of 3-trifluoromethylphenylethylamine on food intake and brain serotonin content.


Effects of bicuculline on central inhibition.


The role of the tractus diagonalis in drinking behaviour induced by central chemical stimulation, water deprivation and salt injection.


Effects of   9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and mescaline on self-stimulation.


Effect of tremorine and oxotremorine on aerobic glycolysis in rat brain.


Pharmacological and kinetic properties of uptake of ( 3 H)-norepinephrine by superior cervical ganglia of rats in organ culture.


The effects of some drugs on the rigidity of the cat due to ischaemic or intercollicular decerebration.


Brain area nicotine levels in male and female rats with different levels of spontaneous activity.


Effects of morphine and pain on brain intermediary metabolism.


Binding of  3 H-acetylcholine and  14 C- -aminobutyric acid to subcellular fractions of the brains of differentially-housed mice.


Drug effects on developing mouse brain protein synthesis in vitro.


Improvement of performance on an attention task with chronic nicotine treatment in rats.


Dissociation between behavioral effects and changes in metabolism of cerebral serotonin following   9 -tetrahydrocannabinol.


A pilot study of mesterolone in impotence.


Effects of amphetamine on choice behavior of pigeons.


Physostigmine and resistance to extinction.


The effect of 1- delta 1-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol on learning and retention of avoidance performance in rats.


Possible anticholinesterase-like effects of trans(-)  8  and -  9 tetrahydrocannabinol as observed in the general motor activity of mice.


The effect of pre-natal Cannabis sativa on maze learning ability in the rat.


Influences of alcohol and S-R uncertainty upon spatial localization time.


Hippocampal injections of magnesium pemoline and the extinction of a bar press response in rats.


The macro- and microdistribution and polymorphic electroencephalographic effects of   9 -tetrahydrocannabinol in the rat.


Biphasic effects of   9 -tetrahydrocannabinol on variable interval schedule performance in rats.


Cross tolerance to tryptamine in the LSD tolerant dog.


Enhanced behavioral depressant effects of reserpine and  -methyltyrosine after 6-hydroxydopamine treatment.


Facts, figures and fancies.

Facts, figures and fancies.


An outbreak of benign aseptic meningitis.


A re-assessment of patients previously treated with intravenous iron dextran.


Familial polyposis of the colon in the Bantu.


Aldosterone-secreting tumour (Conn's tumour).


Observations on patients with Parkinson's disease treated with L-dopa. I. Trial and evaluation of L-dopa therapy.


Azathioprine in acute Crohn's disease.

Azathioprine in acute Crohn's disease.


The use of an ultralong-acting sulphonamide (Fanasil) as a prophylactic agent.


High-dose furosemide (Lasix) in renal insufficiency.


The effect of intragastric aluminium hydroxide on lower oesophageal sphincter pressures.


Serum lipids in Ovambos.

Serum lipids in Ovambos.


The dagga smoker: a survey.

The dagga smoker: a survey.


Drug use patterns among South African undergraduates.


Dose measurement in animal experiments. II. Dose distribution in  60 Co irradiated pigs.


Prenatal fractionated x-irradiation and chemical radiation protection.


Total and local circulation changes in rabbits following cystamine administered intravenously in a radioprotective dose.


The absorption and metabolism in man of 4-acetamidophenyl-2-acetoxybenzoate (benorylate).


Metabolism of 6-methoxytetrahydro- -carboline in rats.


The metabolism of terbutaline in man.

The metabolism of terbutaline in man.


3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid and related compounds. I. Metabolism by the rat intestinal microflora.


The metabolism of terbutaline in vitro by rat and human liver O-methyltransferases and monoamine oxidases.


3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid and related compounds. II. Metabolism in the rat.


Development in the newborn rat of the conjugation and de-conjugation processes involved in the enterohepatic circulation of diethylstilboestrol.


Three instances of fused tooth germs. Observations on serial sections of human foetal jaws.


Acetylcholinesterase activity in certain glomeruli and Golgi cells of the granular layer of the rat cerebellar cortex.


An electron microscope study of the organization of the cerebral cortex of the 60 mm rabbit embryo.


Embryonal cell nests in human cerebellar nuclei.


Neurogenesis in the cerebellum of the rat: an autoradiographic study.


Cholinergic mechanisms in pial vessels. Histochemistry, electron microscopy and pharmacology.


Light- and electron microscopic investigations on the median eminence of the pigeon after TSH and PTU treatment.


The reaction of the preoptic nucleus of Xenopus laevis tadpoles to osmotic stimulation. A fluorescence microscopical investigation.


Fine structure and contraction of isolated muscle actomyosin. I. Evidence for a sliding mechanism by means of oligomeric myosin.


Fine structure and contraction of isolated muscle actomyosin. 2. Formation of myosin filaments and their effect on contraction.


On the innervation of the salt gland.

On the innervation of the salt gland.


The amygdala of the cat: a Golgi study.

The amygdala of the cat: a Golgi study.


Cell population kinetics of zymogen and parietal cells in the stomach of mice.


Effects of steroid hormones on the differentiation of the catecholamine storing cells of the paracervical ganglion of the rat uterus.


The ultrastructure of the A1 sensilla on the posterior surface of the clypeo-labrum of Locusta migratoria migratorioides (R and F).


Effects of hypoxia and glucocorticoids on the histochemically demonstrable catecholamines of the newborn rat carotid body.


Release of acetylcholine in the parotid gland of the dog during stimulation of postganglionic nerves.


Pre- and postganglionic secretory pathways for the parotid gland of the dog.


The sodium transport pool in frog skin under open- and short-circuit conditions.


In vitro work load and rat heart metabolism. I. Effect on protein synthesis.


A comparison of renal function in rats anesthetized with inactin and sodium amytal.


The role of muscle stiffness in meeting the changing postural and locomotor requirements for force development by the ankle extensors.


Shunting by diffusion of inert gas in skeletal muscle.


Rhythmic mycelial growth in Podospora anserina. VI. An attempt to elucidate the growth pattern of a clock mutant.


Rhythmic mycelial growth in Podospora anserina. V. The levels of phosphorylated intermediates.


A taxonomic treatment of the genus Chlorella by the technique of continuous classification.


The complete amino acid sequence of a mouse kappa light chain. The complete amino acid sequence of the kappa-chain of the mouse myeloma protein MOPC 21 was established. The protein was reduced and alkylated with iodo[2-(14)C]acetic acid, and 21 tryptic peptides were isolated, mainly by paper electrophoresis and paper chromatography. Three large tryptic peptides (of 35, 36 and 42 residues), which were difficult to isolate in this manner, were obtained pure and in excellent yields by a combination of Sephadex G-50 gel filtration in 1% (w/v) NH(4)HCO(3) and chromatography on a DEAE-cellulose column in ammonium acetate buffer, pH8.1. Peptides overlapping the tryptic peptides were isolated from a chymotryptic digest. The chain is 214 residues long. Microheterogeneity of two peptides was observed and is believed to be due to deamidation. It was not excluded that such deamidation could occur in serum from which the protein was isolated. The sequence is compared with the sequences of two other mouse kappa-chains, and with the human kappa-chain basic sequences.


Characterization of two glycoprotein variants of bovine factor X and demonstration that the factor X zymogen contains two polypeptide chains.


Structure of concanavalin A at 2.4-A resolution.


Interaction of the fluorescent probe 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate with peptides. Structural requirements for binding and fluorescence enhancement.


The relationship between serum LH levels, as determined by radioimmunoassay, and the life span of the corpus luteum.


5-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde (  5 -pyridoxal methyl chloride) and its reaction with N   -acetyl-L-lysine to form a new cyclic imino acid derivative of homopyridoxal.


Affinity labeling of a mouse IgG2a myeloma protein with binding affinity for nitrophenyl ligands.


The hemoglobins of the Pacific hagfish, Eptatretus stoutii. I. Isolation, characterization, and oxygen equilibria.


Combined deficiency of factor V and factor VIII: report of a family and genetic analysis.


Some EEG correlates of face-to-face contact.


Outcomes associated with direct and vicarious experience in training groups. I. Personality changes.


An attempt to assess the psychologically disturbing effects of T-group training.


The cognitive determinants of defensive behaviour.


The Kendrick Battery of Tests: theoretical assumptions and clinical uses.


Operant conditioning of social speech in the severely subnormal and the use of different reinforcers.


Effect of body contact on performance of a simple cognitive task.


The influence of age and obesity on helping behaviour.


Visual interaction in a group of schizophrenic and depressive patients: a follow-up study.


Reliability of life change cluster scores.


Critiques of the concept of 'loose construing': a reply.


Aerotitis in air travel.

Aerotitis in air travel. In the years 1964-1969, 2,015 cases of aerotitis were reported as an occupational disease in California. Most of the cases were in women flight crew members on commercial airlines (women predominate in such crews). Cases were also reported in passengers. Upper respiratory infection frequently appeared to be a predisposing event.


Hydatid disease is endemic in California. Hydatid disease, a parasitic infection of global importance and a condition for which there is no known medical treatment, is established endemically in the Central Valley of California. Only further study will reveal whether or not the infection is now spreading or intensifying or is remaining fairly stable at a relatively low level of endemicity. California physicians should be aware of its presence and the fact that in most sheep-raising areas of the world it constitutes a problem of major medical and public health importance. Although a number of national or regional programs for hydatid disease control have been undertaken, clear progress has been evident only in Iceland, in New Zealand and in the Australian state of Tasmania.(2,4,5)


Surgical experience with a microscopic transsphenoidal approach to pituitary tumors and non-neoplastic parasellar conditions. Improved surgical microscopes and intraoperative radiofluoroscopic television have revived the transsphenoidal approach to pituitary tumors. The transsphenoidal approach offers an alternative to craniotomy, and in certain situations it has distinct advantages. The reported experience includes the common pituitary tumors, hypersecreting microadenomas, cerebrospinal rhinorrhea and parasellar aneurysms. The surgical technique, indications and contraindications, and results in 44 transsphenoidal operations are described.


"Pure pan-dysautonomia". A newly discovered syndrome.


Graduate medical education.

Graduate medical education.


The nephritis of systemic lupus erythematosus. These discussions are selected from the weekly staff conferences in the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Taken from transcriptions, they are prepared by Dr. David W. Martin, Jr., Assistant Professor of Medicine, under the direction of Dr. Lloyd H. Smith, Jr., Professor of Medicine and Chairman of the Department of Medicine. Requests for reprints should be sent to the Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Ca. 94122.


Antimicrobial drugs and adverse drug reactions.


Some planning suggestions in cancer care.


Bacterial endocarditis in a patient with a saphenous vein graft A-V fistula receiving dental work.


Selective coronary angiography. Report of a fatality in a patient with sickle cell hemoglobin.


The adequate coronary arteriogram.

The adequate coronary arteriogram.


Isoniazid chemoprophylaxis.

Isoniazid chemoprophylaxis.


Mass-produced, assembly-line abortion. A prime example of unethical, unscientific medicine. The incidence of psychologic sequelae associated with abortion cannot be established scientifically, and so continues to be disputed. Since there are no truly scientific criteria on which to make a prediction as to the psychologic outcome, it seems only proper that elective abortion be labeled "experimental," rather than "therapeutic."This uncertainty as to therapeutic benefit is compounded by the fact that adequate studies and information about physical sequelae are also lacking. Furthermore, preliminary statistics from the Population Council indicate that the morbidity rate of abortion performed even under proper medical auspices is unacceptably high. Viewed in this light and in relation to our own ethical code, the current practice of performing innumerable, mechanized, elective abortions can only be considered unethical. If it is argued that abortion can be ethically validated merely by surrounding it with the same controls used in other experimental procedures, then the medical profession should insist on such controls forthwith.


A family practice survey in Ventura County. Seventy-five percent of family practitioners in Ventura County, California, responded to a seven-page mailed questionnaire. One third of the practitioners do no obstetrics. The physicians counsel seven patients to every delivery performed and to every surgical procedure performed. Family practice consists of medicine and pediatrics, rather than surgery, obstetrics and psychiatry. Family practitioners use referrals to community health care services in a limited fashion. Lack of information about availability of community resources may be the reason.


Finding a place for ethics.

Finding a place for ethics.


Can learning be transmitted?

Can learning be transmitted?


Cardiac tamponade and constrictive pericarditis. II. Treatment.


The present status of tuberculin in Canada.


Complication of intra-uterine device.

Complication of intra-uterine device.


Residency training in anesthesia.

Residency training in anesthesia.


Treatment of severe bacteroides infections with parenteral clindamycin. Clindamycin, by intravenous or intramuscular administration, was used in the treatment of 18 patients seriously ill with infections due to bacteroides organisms. In 17 cases there was a rapid favourable clinical response to treatment. No serious toxic effects were observed. This study appears to confirm previous in vitro evidence that clindamycin is presently the antibiotic of choice for such infections.


Ventricular septal defects due to penetrating injuries of the heart. Four patients with traumatic ventricular septal defect following stab wound underwent successful open heart repair. All were symptomatic in spite of minimal hemodynamic disturbances. An additional lesion in the form of a fistulous tract between the aorta and the right atrium occurred in one case.


Upper airway obstruction in a newborn secondary to hemangiopericytoma.


Leiomyosarcoma of the stomach with 45-year survival.


The Canadian medical rehabilitation project in Vietnam.


A human satellited Y chromosome with a probably illegitimate paternal origin.


Medical student enrolment in Canada in 1971-72: report of statistics.


Laceration of hand.

Laceration of hand.


New health programs in Quebec--a trend for the future.


Tax reform--a quick look at the new rules.


Nursing in the land of the aged.

Nursing in the land of the aged.


Retraining daze.

Retraining daze.


Incremental art curriculum model for the mentally retarded.


Gilding the lilly: comments on the training based model.


Behavior modification applied to training young deaf children.


Using a bookmobile as a resource room.

Using a bookmobile as a resource room.


Predictors of four criteria of self concept in educable mentally retarded adolescents.


Progress in mental development of retarded cerebral palsied infants.


Detection of staphylococcal nuclease elaborated during lethal infections in mice. Active staphylococcal nuclease was detected in tissues of lethally infected mice. Organ distribution and levels of the enzyme varied with the bacterial strain used.


Effect of heat (Arrhenius effect) on crude hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Crude hemolysins prepared from various strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, which give positive Kanagawa phenomenon, were partly inactivated by heating at 60 C, but not inactivated significantly by heating at 80 to 90 C. The similar phenomenon has been reported as the Arrhenius effect in staphylococcal alpha toxin.


Antibody responses to group A streptococcal infections in the hamster. The immune response after streptococcal infections of the skin and of the joints was studied in an experimental animal model. Hamsters were challenged intradermally or intra-articularly with different streptococcal serotypes, and antibodies for streptolysin O (ASO), deoxyribonuclease B (anti-deoxyribonuclease B), and group A carbohydrate (anti-group A CHO) were determined. After a single injection at either site, 7 of 48 animals (14%) developed group A-CHO antibodies; however, none of the animals developed detectable levels of ASO or anti-deoxyribonuclease B. After repeated infections of the skin or joint, anti-deoxyribonuclease B antibodies were detectable in 13% (4 of 30) and 30% (5 of 17) of the animals, respectively. Elevations of ASO occurred after repeated joint infections in 4 of 16 animals (25%), whereas none of 30 hamsters repeatedly infected intradermally developed antibodies against streptolysin O. For all three antibodies tested, elevated levels were more frequently noted after repeated joint infections than after repeated skin infections with the same streptococcal serotype. These data, similar to ones previously noted in human impetigo, indicate that ASO responses are feeble after streptococcal skin infections and that the site of infection per se, rather than the infecting strain, appears to be responsible for this poor response.


Properties of the cholera exo-enterotoxin: effects of dispersing agents and reducing agents in gel filtration and electrophoresis. Initial studies, by using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), led to the attractive hypothesis that the cholera exo-enterotoxin (choleragen) consisted of two noncovalently linked peptides of 56,000 and 28,000 molecular weight. The spontaneous toxoid (choleragenoid) appeared to be identical with the 56,000 molecular weight piece. The results appeared to be very similar to those obtained recently with diphtheria toxin. However, they did not agree with earlier studies which indicated that both the toxin and the toxoid consisted of subunits of approximately 14,000 molecular weight. More extensive investigation, by using gel filtration with (3)H-labeled toxin, ultracentrifugation, and immunologic studies, failed to support the observations of SDS-gel electrophoresis, suggesting the existence of a 28,000 molecular weight fragment which is unique to the toxin. The results were more compatible with our earlier observations regarding subunit composition. It is concluded that these proteins are relatively resistant to dissociation by SDS and need to be unfolded by prior treatment for more complete dissociation into subunits. Indirect evidence suggests that the 28,000 fragment may be a dimer, or larger aggregate, of a smaller subunit which can be integrated in the formation of choleragenoid. It is also evident that caution should be exercised in the interpretation of results, however pleasing, obtained only by SDS-gel electrophoresis.


Availability of locally synthesized and systemic antibodies in the intestine. The present studies are concerned with the parameters which control the appearance of locally synthesized or serum-derived antibodies in the intestine. The data show that intestinal antibody may be found in rabbits as well as in conventional or germfree mice after active immunization with Vibrio cholerae. However, a large fraction of the intestinal antibody in rabbits and conventional mice originated from the serum as indicated by (i) analysis of correlation between serum and intestinal antibody titers, and (ii) the occurrence of intestinal antibody after parenteral administration of antiserum. In contrast, only locally synthesized 11S immunoglobulin A antibody was detected in the intestine of actively immunized germfree mice. No intestinal antibody was demonstrable in germfree mice after parenteral injection of V. cholerae antiserum. With respect to the appearance of serum antibody in the intestine, the response of conventionalized (ex-germfree) mice was intermediate between that of rabbits or conventional mice and germfree mice. The availability of serum-derived coproantibody in germfree and conventional mice was related to the rates of intestinal degradation of serum antibody. When enzymes were removed by prior washing of intestinal segments, serum antibodies entered the intestine of germfree or conventional mice at similar rates. Rates of entry of serum antibodies into the lumen were comparable at different levels of the small intestine. The presence of a normal enteric flora appeared to protect intestinal antibody from degradation by lowering the concentration or activity of intestinal enzymes. The results are discussed in relation to the question of whether antibacterial immunity to cholera involves local or systemic mechanisms.


Predisposition to abdominal crisis in the horse.


Relationship of management and nutrition to salmonellosis in feedlot lambs.


Levamisole as an anthelmintic for swine.


Whipworms and dysentery in feeder pigs.

Whipworms and dysentery in feeder pigs.


Current status of leptospirosis immunization in swine and cattle.


Reproductive performance of swine on 76 Illinois farms.


Diagnostic techniques for diseases of cattle.


Differential diagnosis of diseases of the central nervous system of cattle.


Differential diagnosis of anemia in cattle.


Differential diagnosis of parasitic dermatitis of cattle.


Diagnosis of infertility in the bull.

Diagnosis of infertility in the bull.


Reproductive health program for cattle subjected to high environmental temperatures.


Factors affecting dystocia in beef heifers.


Malathion intoxication and mitochondrial damage.


Introduction to the symposium on problems of new animal drug development.


Federal laws relating to new animal drugs.


Safety considerations in development of new animal drugs.


Experimental designs for clinical trials of new animal drugs.


Role of the clinical investigator in clinical trials.


Clinical trials from the industry viewpoint.


Progressive renal failure in a dog.

Progressive renal failure in a dog.


Simplified test of fat absorption in dogs.


Radiographic examination of the esophagus of the dog and cat.


Anesthetic equipment for small animals.

Anesthetic equipment for small animals.


Complications in induction and maintenance of inhalation anesthesia.


Why incorporate?

Why incorporate?


Advantages of professional incorporation.


Economics of merger of the group practice.


Environmental standards required in the production of aquatic animals for food.


Veterinary medical aspects of maintaining the health of aquatic food animals.


Epidemiology of pesticide poisoning in North Carolina.


Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis emergency operation.


Veterinary aspects of public health as part of a segmented curriculum--a progress report.


Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis: research needs and criteria for selecting research components.


Disease risk potential of the Pan American Highway.


Status of African swine fever.

Status of African swine fever.


Trends in humane animal care legislation.


Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Arizona.


Clinical veterinary service by regulatory personnel in New Brunswick, Canada.


Proposed board certification for regulatory veterinarians.


Handling of radioisotopes.

Handling of radioisotopes.


Handling hazardous chemicals.

Handling hazardous chemicals.


Substrate- and inhibitor-induced conformational changes in enzymes measured by tritium-hydrogen exchange. II. Yeast pyruvate decarboxylase.


Transport of amino acids into the estrogen-primed uterus. 3. Effect of the level of extracellular sodium ion.


Influence of prosthetic groups on protein folding and subunit assembly. I. Conformational differences between separated human alpha- and beta- globins.


Genetic influence upon phenobarbital-induced increase in rat liver supernatant aldehyde dehydrogenase activity.


Photosynthesis in the higher plant Vicia faba. I. Anomalous distributions of  14 CO 2 -isotope in citrate and glutamate.


Photosynthesis in the higher plant Vicia faba. II. The non-Calvin cycle origin of acetate and its metabolic relationship to the photosynthetic origin of formate.


Structural evidence for heterogeneity of two hemoglobin   chain gene loci in white-tailed deer.


The concentration of malonyl-coenzyme A and the control of fatty acid synthesis in vivo.


The kinetics of ligand binding to hemoglobin valency hybrids and the effect of anions.


Planning and evaluation of immunization programmes with special reference to bacterial vaccines.


Bovine mercaptalbumin and non-mercaptalbumin monomers. Interconversions and structural differences.


Influenza in the Arab Republic of Egypt from 1966 to 1972. (With special reference to the "Hong Kong" epidemic of 1968).


"Case report". A case of haemorrhagic diathesis due to factor VII deficiency.


Studies of water uptake in the euryhaline crab, Rhithropanopeus harrisi.


The vitamin A content and retinol esterifying activity of a Kupffer cell fraction of rat liver.


The relation of the properties of Congo red-stained amyloid fibrils to the  -conformation.


Haemoglobinopathies in Australia.

Haemoglobinopathies in Australia.


The effects of caffeine on chromosomes of human lymphocytes. In vivo and in vitro studies.


Water proton relaxation rates in various tissues.


The specificity of the digoxin radioimmunoassay procedure.


The effect of dimethysulfoxide on the binding of 3-methycholanthrene to rat liver fractions.


The N-hydroxylation of phentermine (2-methyl-1-phenylisopropylamine) by rabbit liver microsomes.


Studies of the metabolism of methotrexate. II. Isolation and identification of several unconjugated aminopteridines as metabolites in the rat.


Identification of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthohydroguinone monoglucuronide as a metabolite of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (menadione) in rat bile.


Induction of pulmonary aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase by marijuana.


The glycogen-depleting effect of exogenous maternal epinephrine on the myocardium of the fetal rat during the sixteenth day of gestation.


Quantitative analysis of the mechanism of glucocorticoid enhancement of experimental metastasis.


Inhibition of DNA polymerases from RNA tumor viruses by novel template analogues: partially thiolated polycytidylic acid.


Studies on drug resistance. IV. Synthesis and biological activities of 1- -D-arabinofuranosylcytosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and a derivative.


Infidelity of DNA replication in malignant cells.


Pyrazole blockade of carbon tetrachloride activation and liver necrosis.


Quantum chemical studies on drug actions. I. Inhibition of synaptosome dopamine uptake by antihistaminic pheniramines.


Uterine perforation with a new intrauterine device.


Long-acting contraception. A brief report.


Medical students and psychiatry courses.


Regional newborn care.

Regional newborn care.


Depression in mothers who have lost a newborn.


Problem pregnancy. A perspective on abortion and the quality of human life.


Potential sources of error in measureing single-nephron glomerular filtration rate.


Some artifacts in measuring single nephron glomerular filtration rate.


The measurement of glomerular filtration rate in single nephrons of the rat kidney.


Pressure measurements in proximal surface tubules of the rat--single nephron filtration rate and tubuloglomerular feedback.


Methodological aspects of filtrate determination by the micropuncture technique.


Technical problems associated with collection of distal tubular fluid in the rat.


Use of sodium ferrocyanide as glomerular indicator to study the functional heterogeneity of nephrons.


Evidence for functional intrarenal heterogeneity obtained by the micropuncture technique.


Effect of intraluminal pressure on proximal tubular sodium reabsorptin. A shrinking drop micropuncture study.


Examination of the Gertz technique as applied to the proximal tubule of the rat kidney.


Stationary perfusion methods.

Stationary perfusion methods.


Some new developments in continuous microperfusion technique.


Sources of error in and limitations in the use of t-one-half as a measure of tubular reabsorptive capacity.


Continuous in vivo perfusion of the postglomerular capillary network in superficial rat kidney cortex.


Qualitative and quantitative importance of the constituents used in microperfusion experiments.


Techniques of microperfusion of renal tubules and capillaries.


Ultrastructural histochemical and autoradiographic studies on the developing chick notochord.


The timing and sequence of events in the development of the human urinary system during the embryonic period proper.


Intracellular potassium in cells of the distal tubule.


Electrophoretic method of ion injection in single kidney cells.


Determination of electrical resistance of the isolated cortical collecting tubule and its possible anatomical location.


The production and testing of double-barreled pH glass microelectrodes for measurement of intratubular pH.


Electrophysiological techniques in kidney micropuncture.


Potassium-specific ion-exchanger microelectrodes to measure K +  activity in the renal distal tubule.


The antimony microelectrode in kidney micropuncture.


Measurement of tubular fluid bicarbonate concentration by the cuvette-type glass micro pH electrode.


Progress in microelectrode techniques for kidney tubules.


Insertion of an axial electrode into renal proximal tubule.


A new method for studying the function of the descending part of the proximal tubule in vivo.


Influence of visual cortex lesions upon photically evoked after-discharges of the superior colliculus in freely moving rats.


Interaction of haemoglobin with ions. Model studies with imidazole and ferrocyanide.


Segmental vascular resistances in the kidney of mannitol-loaded dogs.


The effect of bioactive substances on the heart muscle cell membranes of Locusta migratoria migratorioides R.F.


Effect of corticosterone on passive avoidance learning in the rat.


Depolarizing effect of veratrine on frog skeletal muscle.


Effect of medulla oblongata curarization on vasomotor reflexes.


Electroencephalographic analysis of atropine coma.


The release of protein in the course of catecholamine secretion from bovine adrenals perfused in vitro.


Cardiac noradrenaline turnover and urinary catecholamine excretion in trained and untrained rats during rest and exercise.


Muscle metabolites with exhaustive static exercise of different duration.


Choline acetyltransferase in the normal and parasympathetically denervated parotid gland of the dog.


In vitro work load and rat heart metabolism. 3. Effect on ribosomal aggregation.


Histochemical studies of uterine innervation after neurectomies.


Enhancement by indomethacin of cold-induced hypersecretion of noradrenaline in the rat in vivo by suppression of PGE mediated feed-back control?


Depression of  3 H-glucose uptake into rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocytes by glucocorticoids in concentrations partly saturating the specific glucocorticoid uptake. Evidence for a glucocorticoid receptor.


Extent of engagement of various cardiovascular effectors to alterations of carotid sinus pressure.


Plasma-kinins and adrenergic vasodilatation in the submandibular salivary gland of the cat.


A sulphomucopolysaccharide-protein complex in the adrenergic vesicle (granule) fraction from nerves and tissue.


Analysis of prostaglandin F 2   and metabolites in blood during constant intravenous infusion of prostaglandin F 2   in the human female.


Horizons in medical evaluation.

Horizons in medical evaluation.


Medical audit and the problem-oriented record.


Confessions of a former heretic, or salvation as a problem list.


In defense of free enterprise and United States dentistry--the world's best.


Electroencephalographic evaluation of triclofos sodium sedation in children.


Why men seek psychotherapy. I. Results of a survey of college graduates.


The pseudo-regulation of American psychiatry.


A commentary on "the pseudo-regulation of American psychiatry".


Group drinking during stress: effects on drinking behavior, affect, and psychopathology.


Depression during mania: clinical observations and theoretical implications.


Change of command in combat: a locus of stress.


A comparison of amok and other homicide in Laos.


Community psychiatry and emergency service.


Crisis intervention and prevention of psychiatric disability: a follow-up study.


Hotlines and youth culture values.

Hotlines and youth culture values.


Crisis intervention.

Crisis intervention.


Aberrant response to diazepam: a new syndrome.


The importance of psychiatrists' telling patients the truth.


Psychotherapy by counter-manipulation.

Psychotherapy by counter-manipulation.


Sex, age, and the diagnosis of hysteria (Briquet's syndrome).


Drug flashbacks: reported frequency in a military population.


Tardive dyskinesia and the rabbit syndrome during wakefulness and sleep.


Character and behavior disorder: a way to discharge men from the service.


Homicidal acts of war.

Homicidal acts of war.


Those who kill without thinking.

Those who kill without thinking.


Effects of posture on thinking.

Effects of posture on thinking.


Psychoanalysis: out in the cold?

Psychoanalysis: out in the cold?


Difficulties in the use of -hydroxoaquotriethylene-tetraminecobalt(III) ion for sequential analysis of peptides.


Sexual behavior: significant changes.

Sexual behavior: significant changes.


Cobalt (3) carboxypeptidase A: preparation and esterase activity.


Metabolism of foreign compounds by alveolar macrophages of rabbits.


Isolation of eukaryotic messenger RNA on cellulose and its translation in vitro.


Inactivation of coupled respiration of mitochondria by inorganic arsenate and partial restoration by ATP.


Properties of a deoxyribonuclease from a nuclear extract of Paracentrotus lividus embryos.


Specificities in messenger RNA and ribosomes from free and bound poyribosomes.


Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in man.


Regulation of mitochondrial oxidations by induction of morphological changes. I. Dinitrophenol initiated concomitant transitions in inner membrane-matrix structure and succinate oxidation.


The separation of mouse reticulocyte 9S RNA into fractions of different biological activity by hybridization to poly(U)-cellulose.


Separation and identification of bile acids in some reptiles using thin layer chromatography.


Renal concentrations of prostaglandin E in acute and chronic renal ischemia.


A comparison of globin genes in duck reticulocytes and liver cells.


Plant sterol metabolism. Studies on the substrate specificity of an enzyme capable of opening the cyclopropane ring of cycloeucalenol.


Biosynthesis of glycoprotein precursors and the mechanism of their assembly.


Structure, genetics and biosynthesis of blood-group-specific glycoproteins.


Structural analysis of glycoproteins.

Structural analysis of glycoproteins.


Cyanogen bromide cleavage of ovomucoid.

Cyanogen bromide cleavage of ovomucoid.


Biosynthesis of ovomucoid in vitro.

Biosynthesis of ovomucoid in vitro.


The glycoproteins of tendon and their interaction with collagen.


Age-related changes in the stability of human skin polymeric collagen.


The effect of caesium chloride on the tertiary structure of the water-soluble pig gastric mucus.


Glycoproteins in the cell envelope of Halobacterium halobium.


Biosynthesis of pellicle glycoproteins of Leptomonas collosoma.


Preliminary investigations on the production, purification and properties of an extracellular xylanase from Bacillus polymyxa.


Polygalacturonate lyase of a Bacillus sp. associated with increased permeability of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis).


The structure of secreted proteins.

The structure of secreted proteins.


A new theory concerning the biological significance of glycoproteins.


Interaction of metal ions with mucus from the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.).


Glycoasparagines in the urine of patients with aspartylglycosaminuria.


The iodination of mammalian cells catalysed by lactoperoxidase as a probe for externally located proteins of the plasma membrane.


Studies on fibrinogen degradation in the rat.


Conformational changes of IRC-50 arvin at high pH.


Studies on the mode of action of anilinopropionamide herbicides.


Studies on the L-serine O-sulphate-degrading activity of pig liver.


Separation of the adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-sulphatophosphate-degrading enzymes of bovine liver.


The purification and properties of adenosine 5'-sulphatophosphate sulphohydrolase from bovine liver.


Metabolism of (acetyl- 14 C)phenacetin in various species.


The metabolism of some anionic surface-active compounds in the rat.


Increased concentrations of malonaldehyde in the livers of rats treated with carbon tetrachloride.


The effect of increasing concentrations of potassium chloride on rat liver lysosomes.


The absorption of aliphatic carbamates by everted gut sacs of rat.


Lysosomal localization of enzyme-containing liposomes injected into rats.


Ornithine metabolism in the developing sheep.


The molecular-weight factor in the biliary excretion of quaternary ammonium cations.


Biology of water pollution: effects and control.


The formation of  -cyclohexyl-fatty acids from shikimate in an acidophilic thermophilic bacillus. A new biosynthetic pathway. Labelled acetate, phenylalanine and shikimic acid were fed to Bacillus acidocaldarius. A high proportion of the (14)C incorporated from acetate and shikimate was recovered in methyl esters from the cell lipids, but such recovery of (14)C from phenylalanine was low. Only the (14)C from shikimate was selectively incorporated into 11-cyclohexylundecanoate and 13-cyclohexyltridecanoate. Degradation of these cyclohexyl-fatty acids showed that shikimate was incorporated as an intact C(7) unit.


Purification and properties of the ribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase from Halobacterium cutirubrum. 1. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Halobacterium cutirubrum was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. 2. It requires a single-stranded molecule of RNA or polyribonucleotide as template. 3. Nearest-neighbour analyses of the products formed on random poly(A,U) or alternating poly(A-U) templates and base analysis of the product of synthesis directed by wheat-germ RNA prove that the template is copied accurately. 4. The enzyme initiates new chains with purine ribonucleoside triphosphates. 5. Sucrose-density-gradient analysis of the product indicates that it has a size distribution similar to that of the template. 6. Preliminary amino acid analysis of the RNA-dependent polymerase shows that it contains much less serine than either of the subunits of H. cutirubrum DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. 7. The RNA-dependent enzyme is unable to substitute for either subunit of the DNA-dependent polymerase, and both the latter are devoid of RNA-dependent activity.


The reaction of papain with Ellman's reagent (5,5'-dithiobis- (2-nitrobenzoate) dianion). 1. The report by Robyt et al. (1971) that the 2-nitro-5-mercaptobenzoate dianion (Nbs(2-)) produced by reaction of papain with the 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate) dianion (Nbs(2) (2-); Ellman's reagent) cleaves the three disulphide bonds in papain is shown to be incorrect. 2. When partially active papain containing approx. 0.4 mol of thiol/mol of protein is incubated with excess of Nbs(2) (2-) at pH8, Nbs(2) (2-) reacts with the protein in an amount stoicheiometric with the cysteinyl thiol group of papain to produce Nbs(2-) in an amount stoicheiometric with the original papain cysteinyl thiol group, and the catalytically inactive mixed disulphide, papain-Nbs(-). 3. Papain catalyses the hydrolysis of Nbs(2) (2-) at pH10.5 probably by nucleophilic catalysis involving the enzyme's thiol group. 4. These results cast very serious doubts on the claim by Robyt et al. (1971) to have established a new general method for the determination of cystinyl disulphide residues in proteins.


Effects of denervation on the glycogen content and on the activities of enzymes of glucose and glycogen metabolism in rat diaphragm muscle. 1. Changes in the content and concentration of glycogen and in the activity of a number of enzymes involved in glucose and glycogen metabolism were studied in the rat hemidiaphragm after unilateral denervation. 2. After nerve section the tissue hypertrophies; this hypertrophy is said to be confined to the smaller red fibres and not to the white. 3. The total hexokinase activity increases, whereas that of total glycogen phosphorylase decreases. The specific activity of phosphorylase a, determined after Halothane anaesthesia, remains fairly constant. 4. In fed animals the denervated tissue stores less glycogen, but in the early stages its glycogen content does not fall on starvation. 5. The effect of denervation on the specific activities of several other characteristically white-fibre enzymes are not consistent with the response of glycogen phosphorylase; the increase in content of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase is thought to be related to proliferation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 6. The ratio of lactate dehydrogenase M/H subunits increases at the height of the hypertrophy, but then declines as the mass of the tissue falls. 7. The chronology of these changes in enzyme activities suggests a multiplicity of distinct responses after nerve section not consistent with any one model, either specific fibre development or reversion to de-differentiated, foetal-type metabolism.


The isolation of pure cholinergic synaptic vesicles from the electric organs of elasmobranch fish of the family Torpedinidae. 1. Zonal centrifuging permitted the separation, on the milligram scale and in a form largely free from contamination by soluble cytoplasmic protein or membrane fragments derived from other structures, of synaptic vesicles from the purely cholinergic terminals of the electric organ of Torpedo. Up to 100g of tissue could be processed in a single run. 2. As much as 46% of the bound acetylcholine from the original tissue preparation was recovered as a single peak of density equivalent to 0.38m-sucrose-0.21m-NaCl and with a concentration of up to 680nmol of acetylcholine/mg of protein. 3. The limiting concentration of acetylcholine in isolated vesicles when allowance had been made for non-vesicular protein appeared to be about 600nmol/mg of protein. 4. Vesicle counts by a ;bead-tagging' procedure indicated an acetylcholine content of about 360mumol/ml of vesicles; thus the vesicle protein content would be about 60% (w/v). 5. Calculations showed that the core of the vesicle, accounting for about 55% of the vesicle volume, could be largely filled with acetylcholine and protein.


Synthesis of fatty acids from (1- 14 C)acetyl-coenzyme A in subcellular particles of rat epididymal adipose tissue. 1. Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of rat epididymal adipose tissue incorporated [1-(14)C]acetyl-CoA equally well into various fatty acids by a chain-elongation mechanism. C(18) and C(20) fatty acids were the two major products, and comprised about 80% of the total fatty acids synthesized in both particles. 2. When incubated in air, mitochondria synthesized stearic acid, octadecenoic acid and eicosamonoenoic acid in almost equal amounts (about 20% each), whereas in microsomal fractions, the synthesis of octadecenoic acid was more than fivefold the stearic acid formation. In both fractions, major components of synthesized monoenoic fatty acids were the Delta(11:12) isomers. Hexadecenoic acid and octadecenoic acid from whole adipose tissue contained approx. 11 and 14% of the Delta(11:12) isomer respectively. 3. When mitochondria or microsomal fractions were incubated in nitrogen, there was increased synthesis of stearic acid and palmitic acid and less of C(16) and C(18) monoenoic acids; synthesis of C(20) acids remained predominantly of the monoenoic acids. Determination of the position of the double bond in the monoenoic acids supported the view that the synthesis of hexadecenoic acid and octadecenoic acid involves a desaturase activity, whereas eicosamonoenoic acid and eicosadienoic acid are formed only by elongation of endogenous fatty acids. 4. Most of the radioactivity was found in free fatty acids (63%) and the phospholipid (26%) fraction. In phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were the two major components. 5. Most of the fatty acids synthesized, including those not normally found in particle lipids (arachidic acid, eicosamonoenoic acid and eicosadienoic acid) were distributed fairly evenly in the phospholipid and free fatty acid fractions. However, stearic acid was found predominantly in the phospholipid fraction.


The number of neurophysins in the rat. Influence of the concentration of Bromophenol Blue, used as a tracking dye, on the resolution of proteins by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. 1. The concentration of Bromophenol Blue used as tracking dye in polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis affected the resolution of rat neurophysins. 2. A final dye concentration of 1mug/ml in the tris-glycine running buffer was found to give the best results. 3. The presence of two major and one minor neurophysin(s) in the rat was confirmed. 4. The two major proteins were found to re-run as single discrete bands, which had the same mobilities in the absence of dye and different mobilities in its presence.


Metabolism of apigenin and related compounds in the rat. Metabolite formation in vivo and by the intestinal microflora in vitro. 1. The metabolism of a group of flavonoid compounds related in structure to apigenin (4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone) and including apigenin, apiin, naringin, phlorrhizin, acacetin, kaempferol, robinin, chrysin, tectochrysin and 4',7-dihydroxyflavone, was studied both in vivo after oral administration to the rat, and in vitro in cultures of micro-organisms derived from the intestine of the rat. 2. The rat intestinal microflora is capable of effecting degradation of flavonoid compounds to metabolites observed in the urine after oral administration of the specific flavonoid. 3. All compounds possessing free 5- and 7-hydroxyl groups in the A ring and a free 4'-hydroxyl group in the B ring gave rise to ring-fission products, which included 4'-hydroxyphenylacyl derivatives. 4. On anaerobic incubation in a thioglycollate medium, intestinal micro-organisms can effect flavonoid-ring fission, cleavage of glycosidic bonds and the reduction of double bonds in the side chains of certain metabolites. 5. Two flavonoids (chrysin and tectochrysin) undergo hydroxylation in the 4'-position in vivo but not during incubation with the intestinal microflora in vitro. 6. Observations on the metabolism of other compounds substituted in the 4'-position, e.g. epiafzelechin, pelargonin and the isoflavones, genistein, biochanin A, daidzein and formononetin, by the intestinal microflora of the rat are also reported.


Isolation and characterization of canine submaxillary mucin.


The mutability of stem bromelain: evidence for perturbation by structural transitions of the parameters that characterize the reaction of the essential thiol group of bromelain with 2,2'-dipyridyl disulphide.


Chondrosulphatase of squid liver.

Chondrosulphatase of squid liver.


The regeneration of rhodopsin from all-trans-retinal: solubilization of an enzyme system involved in the completion of the visual cycle.


Polarography of polynucleotides. II. Conformations of poly(adenylic acid) at acidic pH.


Specific effects of Li+ on stacking equilibria in polynucleotides.


The diversity of satellite DNAs of Crustacea.


Differences in (Mg 2+ ) and (Ca 2+ ) dependence of amino acid incorporation by free and membrane-bound polyribosomes isolated from liver, and an effect of the hepatocarcinogen dimethylnitrosamine.


Interactions of nucleic acids and cellular membranes: behavior of membranes in CsCl density gradients.


Distribution and incorporation of ( 3 H) orotic acid in free and membrane-bound ribosomes in rat liver after whole body  -irradiation and prolonged fasting.


Kinetic analysis of two component systems in transmembrane transport (multiple forms of transport systems).


Rate of hemoglobin synthesis controlled at the translational level in differentiating erythroid cells from adult mice.


The preparation of vesicles bounded by single phospholipid bilayers and loaded with acetylcholine.


Nonisothermal immobilized enzyme reaction in a packed-bed reactor.


Metabolism of deoxycytidine in isolated perfused organs.


The influence of strain and environmental factors upon feather pecking and cannibalism in fowls.


Effect of coccidiosis on pigmentation in broilers.


In vitro lipogenesis in the liver and adipose tissues of the female Aylesbury duck at different ages.


Fractionation and assay of chicken pituitary hormones.


Changes in adipocyte size during post-embryonic growth in the female Aylesbury duck.


Effect of stretch and force-feeding on the oesophagus of geese.


Analgesic nephropathy.

Analgesic nephropathy.


Iatrogenic pregnancy.

Iatrogenic pregnancy.


Bioavailability limits.

Bioavailability limits.


Effect of Surmontil on the cigarette habit.


Teaching of sports medicine in Canadian medical colleges.


A study of contraception as related to unwanted pregnancy. A study was made of 150 women requesting therapeutic abortion. Mechanical failure of the contraceptive method used accounted for unwanted pregnancy in 89 (59%) women. In the remainder no method of contraception was used by either partner. Among women requesting abortion, failure to use contraceptives was commoner in the younger and unmarried than in older and married women.The data obtained were analyzed in an attempt to explain the failure and avoidance of contraception. Suggestions are made as to how to discourage the use of abortion as a method of contraception.


Normalization effect of preceding protein meals on "diabetic" oral glucose tolerance in Eskimos. Routine testing of 76 clinically non-diabetic Eskimos showed marked impairment of oral glucose tolerance in 54% but normal intravenous glucose tolerance in most of these.Total insulin output following the glucose drink was not found different in Eskimos with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance nor did lean meat meals given 60 minutes before the glucose significantly increase it.Intolerance to oral glucose loads appeared significantly related to a delay of insulin release and both timing of insulin response and shape of blood glucose curve normalized in the meat-preceded tests.


Renal disease due to analgesics. I. Recognition of the problem of analgesic nephropathy. The incidence of renal impairment secondary to the abuse of analgesic compounds now accounts for a significant proportion of patients requiring renal replacement therapy. The clinical features of 100 cases of analgesic nephropathy are described; essentially these consist of otherwise unexplained renal impairment, urinary tract symptoms, radiological changes and sterile pyuria, often associated with dyspepsia, anemia and psychiatric disturbances. The classical pathological changes consist of interstitial nephritis and progressive reduction in renal size, secondary to repeated episodes of papillary necrosis. Cessation of analgesic abuse usually arrests the deterioration in renal function, and indeed some recovery of function may occur.


Analgesic nephropathy in Canada: a retrospective study of 351 cases. Data concerning 351 patients with analgesic nephropathy was obtained by a survey of Canadian nephrologists and suggested an incidence of at least 20, and of perhaps 50 cases per million population. Renal function at the time of diagnosis (as judged by serum creatinine level) was normal in 15%, mildly to moderately impaired in 59%, and severely impaired in 26% of cases. Follow-up serum creatinine level in 222 cases showed that renal function became worse in 42% of cases, with terminal renal failure developing in one-half of these patients. However, significant improvement in kidney function was observed in 25% of patients. Cessation of analgesic abuse considerably increased the likelihood of improvement in renal function.


Regulations controlling the sale of mild analgesics in Canada. Some mild analgesic preparations are sold only on prescription; others are required to carry specific label warnings. The conditions of sale of some are further restricted by limitations on their dose. The "prescription only" sale of both phenacetin and acetaminophen would leave no "over-the-counter" analgesics available for individuals sensitive to salicylates. Since analgesic nephropathy results from long-term abuse of these preparations, the need is to prevent abuse without inhibiting their proper use.


Renal pelvic tumour associated with analgesic abuse.


Degloving injury of the thumb.

Degloving injury of the thumb.


Evidence for the nephrotoxicity of analgesics. Analgesic nephropathy in man is a definite but complex and probably multifactorial disorder, which largely follows long-term abuse of mixed analgesics. In North America the disorder has been almost entirely associated with heavy ingestion of the combination acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), phenacetin and caffeine. There is less clinical and experimental evidence for the nephrotoxicity of single analgesics; however, evidence for the nephrotoxicity of ASA alone is greater than that for phenacetin. In view of the evidence for nephrotoxicity of most mild analgesics, removal of phenacetin from the market would be unlikely to eliminate the problem of analgesic nephropathy.


Economics of community health centres.

Economics of community health centres.


Responses of bone marrow and tumor cells to acute and protracted irradiation.


Anemia in chickens with a transplantable lymphoid tumor.


Psychiatric emergency treatment.

Psychiatric emergency treatment.


Susceptibility of group A streptococcus to tetracycline.


The intensive care unit: its organization and management.


Treatment of neurological disorders secondary to alcoholic withdrawal and barbiturate overdose.


Medical oaths: who swears what to whom.

Medical oaths: who swears what to whom.


Uptake of a metabolically inert amino acid by brain tissue during high pressure oxygen exposure.


Antrectomy prevents nicotine from activating rat stomach histidine decarboxylase.


The Bohr effect and the red cell 2-3 DPG and Hb content in Sherpas and Europeans at low and at high altitude.


Phosphatases. VI. pH dependence of the organ-specific thermostability of alkaline phosphatases in tissue homogenates.


Embryonic megaloblastosis.

Embryonic megaloblastosis.


Effect of spironolactone and phenobarbital on the plasma fibrinogen in rats.


On the ultrastructure of mammalian tendon.


Protamine induced configurational changes in paracrystalline structures from heat desintegrated mitochondria.


Threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine, a poor source of noradrenaline in the rat.


Endothelial defects and blood flow disturbance in atherogenesis.


Erythrocyte cation concentrations and changes in dietary electrolyte intake.


D- and L-isomers of serine and alanine equally effective as releasers of gastrin.


Inhibition of the CO 2 -sensitive Na efflux in barnacle muscle fibers by micro-injection of ethacrynic acid.


Evoked activity in the nervous system of Callinectes sapidus following phasic excitation of the statocysts.


Oxygen consumption of Paragnetina media (Walker): light-dark effect on respiratory rates.


Specificity limits of L-leucine transport in chicken small intestine.


Gas liquid chromatographic analysis of amino acids in the hemolymph of Oncopeltus fasciatus.


Cardiac pressoreceptors in rat.

Cardiac pressoreceptors in rat.


Separation of two strains of rats with inbred dissimilar sensitivity to Doca-salt hypertension.


Influence of temperature on the sensitivity of adrenergic  -receptors.


Long term retention of colloidal thorium dioxide in the liver and spleen of Xenopus laevis Daudin.


The influence of secretin on the elimination of  14 C-endrophonium in bile.


Control of catecholamine release and degradation by the glucocorticoids.


Effect of sodium deoxycholate on net transintestinal movement in the uraemic rat: acute experiments.


LSD effects on signal-to-noise ratio and lateralization of visual cortex and lateral geniculate during photic stimulation.


The role of melanoblasts in melanophore pattern polymorphism of Xiphophorus (Pisces, Poeciliidae).


Spinal cord tissue cultures--a model for autoradiographic studies on uptake of putative neurotransmitters such as glycine and GABA.


'Clear' cells in the normal cervical epithelium of the mouse.


Seizing mechanism and fate of intranuclear mitochondria.


In vitro fertilization of the Mongolian gerbil egg.


Further studies on endothelial cells of vertebrates and the problem of endothelial granules.


Release of a cytotoxic factor by murine spleen cells in the presence of a tumour allograft.


Reduced bactericidal capacity of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in nephrotic syndrome and effect of steroid therapy.


Stilboestrol-induced depression of the antibody response.


Degenerating pituicytes in the neural lobe of osmotically stressed rats.


Cellular localization of androgen in the brain and pituitary after the injection of tritiated testosterone.


Plasma adrenocorticosteroid concentrations immediately after birth in the rat, rabbit and guinea-pig.


Origin of the synaptonemal complex.

Origin of the synaptonemal complex.


Genetic control of an esterase of digestive tract tissues in Rattus norvegicus.


Similarity in karyotypes of Rattus rattus with 38 chromosomes from India and other parts of the world.


Prolactin-sensitive neurons in the forebrain of some fishes.


Optical method for measuring water flow with automatic recording.


A new direct method for the assay of human renin.


A simple method for heme isolation.

A simple method for heme isolation.


Membrana testacea: a support for organ cultures.


Effects of some components of Cannabis sativa on the regenerating planarian worm Dugesia tigrina.


A data processing scheme for frame by frame film analysis.


The search for a chairman of a department of pathology in a medical school.


Atypical endometrial changes produced by chorionic tissue.


Basophils, mast cells, and cellular immunity in animals and man.


Lymphomatoid granulomatosis.

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis.


Ultrastructure of giant cell tumors of bone.


Exciting times in pulmonary pathology.

Exciting times in pulmonary pathology.


Pharmacokinetic studies of clindamycin hydrochloride in humans.


Behaviour of chlorpropamide in renal insufficiency and under the effect of associated drug therapy.


Metabolic investigations of the rat kidney after chronic administration of polythiazide, furosemide and ethacrynic acid. I. Changes of the carbohydrate metabolism in the cytoplasmatic fraction or renal cortex and medulla.


Elimination of chloramphenicol and thiamphenicol in subjects with cirrhosis of the liver.


An analysis of retinal receptor orientation. IV. Center of the entrance pupil and the center of convergence of orientation and directional sensitivity.


Prostaglandin E 1  and aqueous humor dynamics.


In vivo effects of air and sulfur hexafluoride gas on rabbit corneal endothelium.


Subretinal fluid: isoenzymes and cytologic studies.


Effect of potentially coordinating amino acid side chains on the cobalt(3) promoted hydrolysis of peptides and esters containing trifunctional amino acids.


Hydroxide ion catalysis of the mono- and bis(triglycinato)cuprate(II) interconversion and the preference for cis vs. trans N-peptide bonding to copper(II).


Synthesis of oligothymidylates and nucleoside cyclic phosphates by oxidation-reduction condensation.


Solvolysis of adenine nucleosides. I. Effects of sugars and adenine substituents on acid solvolyses.


Solvolysis of adenine nucleosides. II. Effects of sugars and adenine substituents on alkaline solvolyses.


Stereochemistry of nucleic acids and their constituents. 28. The crystal and molecular structure of N 2 -dimethylguanosine. A transfer ribonucleic acid rare nucleoside located at the junction of the anticodon and dihydrouridine arms.


The stereochemical basis of anticonvulsant drug action. IV. The crystal and molecular structure of trihexyphenidyl.


Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance of biologically important aromatic acids. I. Chemical shifts of benzoic acid and derivatives.


Tertiary structure in carboxypeptidase.

Tertiary structure in carboxypeptidase.


Alpha-chymotrypsin and rigid substrates. Reactivity of some p-nitrophenyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-naphthoates and indan-2-carboxylates.


Synthesis of 11-hydroxy-  6 -tetrahydrocannabinol and other physiologically active metabolites of   8 - and   9 -tetrahydrocannabinol.


Identification of   9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and metabolites in man.


Transformation of digitoxigenin to scillarenin.


Steroidal antibiotics. Total synthesis of the fusidic acid tetracyclic ring system.


Dynamics of axial ligation in metalloporphyrins. I. Imidazole exchange in low-spin ferric porphyrins.


Synthesis of some DE and CDE ring analogs of camptothecin.


A total synthesis of dl-camptothecin.

A total synthesis of dl-camptothecin.


Efficient generation of the 15S configuration in prostaglandin synthesis. Attractive interactions in stereochemical control of carbonyl reduction.


Total synthesis of cephalotaxus alkaloids.


Osteoid osteoma of the os calcis. A case report.


Effect of lidocaine hydrochloride on membrane conductance in mammalian cardiac Purkinje fibers. Lidocaine depresses automaticity in cardiac Purkinje fibers by decreasing the slope of slow diastolic depolarization, but the mechanisms of this effect are poorly understood. To test the proposal that the antiautomatic effect of lidocaine might be mediated by an increase in membrane potassium conductance, transmembrane voltage (V(m)) was measured in Purkinje fibers perfused with sodium-deficient Tyrode containing choline as the major cation. V(m) was varied by altering the external potassium concentration, [K](o), from 0.5 to 150 mM before and after lidocaine, 2.14 x 10(-5) M, a concentration considered equivalent to clinical plasma antiarrhythmic levels. In Purkinje fibers, resting V(m) varies linearly with [K](o) plotted on a logarithmic scale from 4 to 150 mM, approximately as predicted by the Nernst equation. At [K](o) of 0.5-2.7 mM, resting V(m) diverges from the predicted potassium equilibrium potential (V(K)) resulting in an increased driving force for the outward K(+) current (V(m) - V(K)). In choline Tyrode at [K](o) of 2.7 mM or less, lidocaine caused a significant increase in V(m), the change being a positive linear function of (V(m) - V(K)) with a P < 0.01. This effect was more striking in Purkinje fibers with a V(m) reduced by stretch. These findings imply that lidocaine increased membrane chord conductance for the potassium ion (gK).Current-voltage relationships using intracellular current pulses were performed in choline Tyrode at [K](o) of 0.5, 2.0, and 4.0 mM and, at each [K](o), lidocaine was found to increase membrane slope conductance (GK). The increase in GK was even more apparent when the current-voltage relationships in long Purkinje fibers was corrected for cable complications or when experiments were done in short Purkinje fibers. To minimize complications due to membrane rectifier properties, GK was measured using intracellular application of small hyperpolarizing current pulses as V(m) was decreased from -90 to -60 mv by increasing the [K](o) from 3 to 15 mM before and after lidocaine. Lidocaine increased the GK over this range of V(m). These results suggest that lidocaine increases membrane potassium conductance within the range of V(m) where the pacemaker potential is seen, an action which can account for its ability to suppress automaticity, and, in part, for its ability to prevent reentrant arrhythmias.


Human cartilage lysozyme.

Human cartilage lysozyme. The lysozyme content of human cartilage was measured by incubation of lyophilized, powdered cartilage in a variety of buffers and salt solutions, and the factors controlling the binding of lysozyme within cartilage were studied. Lysozyme was extracted from hyaline cartilage by buffers of pH greater than 9.0 by solutions 1 M in monovalent cations, and by solutions 0.12-0.40 M in divalent cations. The ability of cations to extract lysozyme from cartilage agreed with their known affinities for binding to chondroitin sulfate. The total extractable lysozyme content of five samples of human costal cartilage ranged from 1.45 to 3.36 mug lysozyme per mg of cartilage; for five samples of hyaline cartilage from peripheral joints the range was 0.80-3.03 mug lysozyme per mg of cartilage. Cartilage incubated in excess exogenous lysozyme could bind 0.053 equivalents of lysozyme per equivalent of chondroitin sulfate. Fibrocartilage and synovium from knee joints yielded no detectable lysozyme, despite the fact that synovium, a tissue rich in lysosomes, contained measurable quantities of beta-glucuronidase. Lysozyme extraction from cartilage was not augmented by incubation with streptolysin S. When incubation was carried out with mild extraction techniques, lysozyme extraction from cartilage tended to parallel uronic acid release, both as a function of time and from one specimen to another. The active material as lysozyme. Lysozyme occurs in human hyaline cartilage as a counterion to polyanionic glycosaminoglycans. Carextracted from cartilage met five criteria for identification tilage lysozyme appears to be extracellular and nonlysosomal. Degradation of cartilage may contribute to the increased serum and synovial fluid lysozyme levels often present in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.


Tracer microinjection study of renal tubular phosphate reabsorption in the rat. To determine the sites of tubular phosphate reabsorption in the nephron, microinjection studies were undertaken, utilizing isotonic electrolyte solutions, containing either 1.4 or 8.0 mM phosphate and radioactive PO(4)-(33)P and inulin-(3)H, in rats made mildly diuretic by infusion of mannitol. The injected sites were localized by the technique of latex dissection. The relation between proximal tubular length and per cent (33)P recovery for injections of 1.4 mM phosphate (physiological amounts) suggest that relatively little reabsorption of phosphate occurs in the distal 30% of the proximal tubule compared with the proximal portion of the tubule. The corresponding recoveries for proximal tubular microinjections of 8.0 mM phosphate fall along a smooth curve tending to plateau with essentially complete (33)P recovery (> 95%) beyond 50% of the tubule. Absolute reabsorption of injected phosphate for both concentrations (i.e., absolute efflux per unit tubular length in the proximal tubule) was independent of phosphate delivery, since the relationship between reabsorption and site of injection was no different for the two concentrations. Distal convoluted tubular microinjections for both phosphate concentrations showed complete recovery of (33)P from all injection sites. THE DATA INDICATE THAT: (a) no phosphate reabsorption occurs in the distal convoluted tubule or in the collecting duct, (b) phosphate efflux per unit tubular length is greater in the first one-third of the proximal tubule than in the remaining two-thirds, and (c) in the last two-thirds of the proximal tubule, absolute phosphate reabsorption is relatively small and might be limited by factors other than the amount or concentration of injected phosphate.


The effect of steroids and ammonium chloride acidosis on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in rat kidney cortex. I. Differentiation of the inductive process and characterization of enzyme activities. The behaviour of rat kidney cortex phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase has been investigated under conditions of triamcinolone administration and ammonium chloride acidosis. The concentration of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase as measured by enzyme activity and immunotitration was elevated under both conditions. The mechanism of induction is different in the two cases. At doses which produce maximum stimulation, the effects of steroid and ammonium chloride were additive; only the increment in enzyme activity produced by steroid was blocked by actinomycin D. PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE ACTIVITIES IN ALL CONDITIONS INVESTIGATED SHOW SIMILAR BEHAVIOR IN DILUTE EXTRACTS: these experiments involved antibody titration, stability studies, and molecular weight determinations on sucrose gradients. The molecular weight of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was also studied in undiluted extracts prepared by high-speed centrifugation; values were determined from sedimentation data obtained with a moving-partition cell as described by Yphantis and Waugh. Under these conditions, the apparent molecular weight of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was increased from 83,000 to 128,000 by ammonium chloride acidosis. These results are discussed and a hypothesis regarding the mechanism of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase regulation in kidney cortex is presented.


Structural and functional studies on hemoglobin Bethesda (alpha2beta2 145His), a varient associated with compensatory erythrocytosis. Studies have been performed on a 12-yr-old Chinese girl with compensatory erythrocytosis due to the presence of hemoglobin Bethesda comprising about 45% of the red cell hemoglobin. Her parents and three siblings were normal. The oxygen affinity of her blood was markedly increased: under physiological conditions (pH 7.40, 37 degrees C). P(50) was 12.8 mm Hg (normal = 26.5 mm Hg). The red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2.3-DPG) level was normal. The abnormal hemoglobin could not be separated from hemoglobin A by zone electrophoresis at pH 8.6 or isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide gel. However, after the hemoglobin was split into free alpha and beta chains by treatment with p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (PMB) or 6 M urea, an abnormal beta chain was readily demonstrated having a higher isoelectric point (more positive net charge) than normal beta(A). Structural analysis of the variant beta chain demonstrated the substitution of histidine for tyrosine at position 145: hemoglobin Bethesda (alpha(2)beta(2) (145His)). From earlier chemical and crystallographic studies, it has been postulated that this residue is a critical determinant of hemoglobin function. Hemoglobin Bethesda was separated from hemoglobin A by column chromatography. Oxygen equilibria of purified hemoglobin Bethesda revealed an extremely high oxygen affinity (exceeding that of isolated alpha and beta chains), and markedly reduced cooperativity. The Bohr effect of hemoglobin Bethesda was 1/3 that of hemoglobin A. However, hemoglobin Bethesda showed a significant interaction with 2.3-DPG and inositol hexaphosphate.


Effects of carbon tetrachloride on albumin synthesis. The effects of CCl(4) on albumin synthesis were studied employing the isolated perfused liver. Carbonate-(14)C was used to measure newly synthesized albumin. 2.5 ml of CCl(4) was administered by stomach tube 2 hr before perfusion. Albumin synthesis decreased from 36 to 5 mg following the ingestion of CCl(4). Preperfusing the livers for 1 hr before measuring albumin synthesis resulted in an increase to 12 mg, and the addition of tryptophan to a final concentration of 10 mM resulted in a further increase to 19 mg. Cortisone did not protect against the toxic effects of CCl(4) when administered to the donor rabbits. Fasting resulted in an increased sensitivity to CCl(4) and an antioxidant was not effective in protecting against the toxic manifestations of CCl(4).


Uptake of individual free fatty acids by skeletal muscle and liver in man. Arterial-venous concentration differences for individual free fatty acids (FFA) were measured across the deep tissues of the forearm, the splanchnic vascular bed, and the kidney in healthy, postabsorptive subjects. In addition, arterial-portal venous FFA differences were determined in five patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The differences in fractional uptake among the individual FFA across the forearm were small and not statistically significant. Splanchnic fractional uptake was high for FFA with short chain lengths and rose with increasing degree of unsaturation. Small, negative arterial-portal venous differences for individual FFA were observed, indicating that arterial-hepatic venous FFA differences mainly reflect hepatic uptake. When the arterial FFA concentration was reduced to approximately 25% of the control values by the administration of nicotinic acid, net uptake of total FFA ceased but there was release of stearic acid and uptake of lauric, myristic, and palmitoleic acid to the splanchnic region. Muscle and liver uptakes of individual FFA were both dependent on their arterial concentrations with the exception of the splanchnic uptake of stearic acid. There was no uptake of free arachidonic acid by either muscle or liver, nor was there significant uptake of any of the free fatty acids by the kidney. It is concluded (a) that there are important quantitative differences between the net exchanges of individual FFA across the splanchnic vascular bed, (b) that tracer studies of FFA metabolism require the determination of individual FFA specific activities, (c) that palmitic and oleic acid appear to be suitable tracers for the entire FFA fraction in most instances.


The metabolism of Tay-Sachs ganglioside: catabolic studies with lysosomal enzymes from normal and Tay-Sachs brain tissue. The catabolism of Tay-Sachs ganglioside, N-acetylgalactosaminyl- (N-acetylneuraminosyl) -galactosylglucosylceramide, has been studied in lysosomal preparations from normal human brain and brain obtained at biopsy from Tay-Sachs patients. Utilizing Tay-Sachs ganglioside labeled with (14)C in the N-acetylgalactosaminyl portion or (3)H in the N-acetylneuraminosyl portion, the catabolism of Tay-Sachs ganglioside may be initiated by either the removal of the molecule of N-acetylgalactosamine or N-acetylneuraminic acid. The activity of the N-acetylgalactosamine-cleaving enzyme (hexosaminidase) is drastically diminished in such preparations from Tay-Sachs brain whereas the activity of the N-acetylneuraminic acid-cleaving enzyme (neuraminidase) is at a normal level. Total hexosaminidase activity as measured with an artificial fluorogenic substrate is increased in tissues obtained from patients with the B variant form of Tay-Sachs disease and it is virtually absent in the O-variant patients. The addition of purified neuraminidase and various purified hexosaminidases exerted only a minimal synergistic effect on the hydrolysis of Tay-Sachs ganglioside in the lysosomal preparations from the control or patient with the O variant of Tay-Sachs disease.


Glucagon-stimulating activity of 20 amino acids in dogs. The effect of 20 L-amino acids upon pancreatic glucagon secretion has been studied in conscious dogs. Each amino acid was administered intravenously over a 15 min period in a dose of 1 mmole/kg of body weight to a group of four or five dogs. Pancreatic glucagon and insulin were measured by radioimmunoassay. 17 of the 20 amino acids caused a substantial increase in plasma glucagon. Asparagine had the most glucagon-stimulating activity (GSA), followed by glycine, phenylalanine, serine, aspartate, cysteine, tryptophan, alanine, glutamate, threonine, glutamine, arginine, ornithine, proline, methionine, lysine, and histidine. Only valine, leucine, and isoleucine failed to stimulate glucagon secretion, and isoleucine may have reduced it. No relationship between glucagon-stimulating activity and insulin-stimulating activity was observed. The amino acids which enter the gluconeogenic pathway as pyruvate and, which are believed to provide most of the amino acid-derived glucose, had a significantly greater GSA than the amino acids which enter as succinyl CoA or as alpha-ketoglutarate. However, pyruvate itself did not stimulate glucagon secretion. The R-chain structure of the amino acid did not appear to be related to its GSA, except that the aliphatic branched chain amino acids, valine, leucine, and isoleucine, were devoid of GSA.


Effects of intrabrachial arterial infusion of pyruvate on forearm tissue metabolism. Interrelationships between pyruvate, lactate, and alanine. Postabsorptive release of alanine from forearm skeletal muscle is large relative to other amino acids, suggesting new synthesis by transamination of pyruvate. This hypothesis was tested and the pathway quantified in six subjects, each given two 30 min intrabrachial arterial pyruvate infusions. The first (12 mumoles/min) supplied approximately that amount of pyruvate produced endogenously by glycolysis in resting muscle. The second (36 mumoles/min) approximated endogenous pyruvate production by glycolysis during moderate exercise. Changes in balance across forearm tissues of pyruvate, glucose, lactate, and amino acids were measured. The time-course of pyruvate equilibration across fore-arm muscles was detailed in three additional subjects. The two infusions increased arterial pyruvate from 64 to 674 and 1776 mumoles/liter respectively. Muscle consumed 72% of the exogenous pyruvate during both infusions. Outputs of lactate and alanine increased, accounting respectively for 30.3 and 6.7% of the pyruvate at the low infusion rate, and 17.1 and 3.8% at the high rate. The remaining pyruvate probably was oxidized. Muscle release of valine, isoleucine, and leucine decreased during the high dose infusion. Additionally, adipose tissue plus skin released more alanine and lactate during the high dose infusion. Other metabolies were unchanged.Thus, both muscle and adipose tissue plus skin synthesize alanine from pyruvate. Lactate production considerably exceeds that of alanine. In muscle, increased availability of intracellular pyruvate serving as a nitrogen acceptor may facilitate branched chain amino acid oxidation. Muscle consumption of infused pyruvate is rapid, and detailed studies of its equilibration suggest that passage across the muscle cell membrane is rate limiting.


Tubular reabsorption of sodium during acute and chronic volume expansion in man. Renal hemodynamics and tubular fractional sodium reabsorption (FSR) were evaluated by clearance techniques during acute and chronic extracellular volume expansion in man. (1 - V/GFR) x 100 was used as an index of proximal and (C(H2O)/V) x 100 as an estimate of distal fractional reabsorption. After acute loading with isotonic saline 37 ml/kg body wt, proximal FSR decreased by 4.8% and distal FSR decreased by 4.4%. After comparable chronic expansion by mineralocorticoids ("escape"), proximal FSR also decreased by 3.9%, but distal reabsorption was not altered.In separate studies, subjects were progressively infused with saline to 57 (E(1)) and to 80 (E(2)) ml/kg body wt, and appeared to divide into "excreters" (maximum U(Na)V > 1000 muEq/min) and "nonexcreters" (maximum U(Na)V < 550 muEq/min). In the excreters, GFR rose, proximal FSR decreased by 7.1% after E(1) and only 0.9% further after E(2). Distal FSR fell by 14.8% after E(1) and by an additional 4.9% after E(2). In the nonexcreters, GFR was stable and proximal FSR did not fall significantly after E(1) or E(2). Distal FSR decreased 4.5% after E(1) and 1.3% further after E(2). It is concluded that both acute and chronic extracellular expansion decrease proximal FSR in man, but only acute loading depresses distal FSR. Ability of some men to excrete sodium rapidly after acute infusion is related to larger increases in GFR and greater decreases in both proximal and distal FSR than occur in men in whom natriuresis is more limited.


Hemoglobin Istanbul: substitution of glutamine for histidine in a proximal histidine (F8(92) ). A presumably spontaneous mutation has resulted in the formation of Hemoglobin (Hb) Istanbul in which glutamine is substituted for histidine in the proximal position of the beta-chain (F8(92)). The anemia and other physiological effects that occur in the presence of Hb Istanbul were much ameliorated by splenectomy. Hb Istanbul is a relatively unstable molecule which produces a rather moderate case of "unstable hemoglobin hemolytic anemia."In the determination of structure, a method of preferential cleavage of an aspartyl-proline bond at residues 99-100 of the beta-chain was used.


Influence of water diuresis on antimicrobial treatment of enterococcal pyelonephritis. In the present studies, the effect of ampicillin (40 mg intramuscularly twice a day) in combination with water diuresis, produced by the ingestion of 5% dextrose in water, was determined on renal titers of enterococci after intravenous inoculation of 4 x 10(8)-2 x 10(9) enterococci into rats. Ampicillin injections with or without diuresis were started 4 or 21 days after initiation of infection and continued for 7 or 14 days. In comparison to controls (saline injections in rats drinking tap water), diuresis plus saline injections did not lower renal titers of enterococci. Injection of ampicillin in nondiuresing rats had little effect on renal titers of enterococci after 7 days of treatment started 4 or 21 days after initiation of infection. However, 2 wk of ampicillin therapy resulted in a significant decrease in renal titers. The addition of water diuresis to ampicillin treatment markedly potentiated the effect of ampicillin alone in decreasing renal titers of enterococci after 1 or 2 wk of therapy.These studies demonstrate that diuresis resulting from administration of dextrose in water plus ampicillin starting 4 or 21 days after intravenous injection of enterococci reduces renal titers more than ampicillin or diuresis alone.