Cortical afferents to the entorhinal cortex of the Rhesus monkey. Although the entorhinal cortex is a major contributor of afferents to the hippocampus and dentate gyrus, knowledge of its own afferents has been vague. Regions of both the frontal and temporal lobes were found to contribute afferents to this region of the brain. These afferents form probable multisynaptic links in pathways connecting the classical sensory areas of the cortex and the limbic system.


Evidence for a new mechanism of cell motility.


Color vision.

Color vision.


Brain functions.

Brain functions.


High calorie parenteral therapy in infants and children.


The importance of six common bacteria in intestinal strangulation.


Virus diseases of domestic animals.

Virus diseases of domestic animals.


Isolation and characterization of enolase from the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).


Differentiation of avian keratinocytes. Characterization and relationships of the keratin proteins of adult and embryonic feathers and scales.


Studies of flavin-protein interaction in flavoproteins using protein fluorescence and circular dichroism.


Electrocardiographic evaluation of mesoridazine (Serentil).


WIN 27,147-2: a preliminary evaluation of a potential antidepressant compound: animal and human correlations.


Indirect blood pressure determination by the ultrasonic doppler technique in dogs.


Clindamycin palmitate in healthy men: general tolerance and effect on stools.


Effects of vodka and bourbon on lever-pressing behavior of mice.


H. J. Muller (1890-1967).

H. J. Muller (1890-1967).


Traffic casualties. II. Index of severity of accidents: an attempt at definition.


Temperature-sensitive mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. IX. Dominant cold-sensitive lethals on the autosomes. Ethyl methanesulfonate-treated autosomes were screened for the presence of dominant cold-sensitive (DCS) lethal mutations in Drosophila melanogaster. None was found among 6,552 treated and 168 untreated third chromosomes. Twenty-three DCS-L chromosomes which caused death at 17 degrees C but survived at 22 degrees C and 29 degrees C were recovered from 5,046 mutagenized chromosome 2's.-The DCS-L mutations all mapped around dp and appeared to be functionally allelic. Lethality of heterozygotes for most of the DCS-L's occurred over a prolonged interval from the embryonic through the larval instars. Prolonged incubation at 17 degrees C did not demonstrate any maternal effect on zygotic survival.


Hymenolepis nana: immunogenic exoantigen from mice.


Restoration of autoimmune thyroiditis in bursectomized-irradiated OS chickens by bursa cells.


C3 inactivating factor in the serum of a patient with chronic hypocomplementaemic proliferative glomerulo-nephritis.


A possible homologue of mammalian IgA in chicken serum and secretions.


Immunochemical and immunogenic properties of a purified keyhold limpet haemocyanin.


Mythology in medical practice.

Mythology in medical practice.


Neurocirculatory asthenia: 1972 concept.


The effect of antiseptic agents and pulsating jet lavage on contaminated wounds.


Observations of a mental health command consultation program.


Pulmonary artery stenosis: occurrence in six members of one family.


Case for diagnosis.

Case for diagnosis.


Fitzsimons General Hospital Pharmacy service 24-hour service pilot study.


Inpatient Medical Civic Action Program at the 12th USAF Hospital, Cam Ranh Bay, South Vietnam.


NIRMP and the Federal Services.

NIRMP and the Federal Services.


Correlation of a precipitin reaction to an RNA-protein antigen and a low prevalence of nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.


Unstable nitroglycerin tablets.

Unstable nitroglycerin tablets.


Surgical treatment of angina pectoris. 3. Cardiological aspects.


Systemic arterial embolism after mitral valvulotomy.


The structure and history of an ancient protein.


Differentiation of vaginal epithelium in the normal and hormone-treated rhesus monkey.


Rabbit antiserum to rat deciduoma.

Rabbit antiserum to rat deciduoma.


A stablizing interaction between the founder effect and interdeme mixing in competing populations of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans.


Blood parasites of some birds from Labrador.


Effects of insulin deficiency, hypothyroidism, and hypertension on cholesterol metabolism in the squirrel monkey.


An unusual plaque variant of rubella virus. In a comparative study of 24 different rubella virus strains, all but three formed small plaques in RK 13 cell cultures; of these one was the vaccine strain HPV-77, one was isolated from a congenitally infected infant, and the third was recovered from an adult who contracted severe rubella while handling this congenital strain. Whereas the plaque size of the vaccine strain was stable after further passage in cell culture, the plaque size of the other two rapidly diminished when the virus was passed in monkey kidney cells, and one of them was also reduced by passage in RK 13 cells. Cell culture passage of the typical small plaque strains did not result in altered plaque size.


Host specificities of RNA phages.

Host specificities of RNA phages. Host ranges of members of four groups of male-specific RNA coliphages were determined by plating on hosts carrying various derepressed plasmids. An RNA phage originally isolated on Pseudomonas aeruginosa failed to form plaques on any of the strains of Escherichia coli.


Contamination of an operating theatre by gram-negative bacteria. Examination of water supplies, cleaning methods and wound infections. This paper describes a search for Gram-negative bacteria in an operating theatre and the steps taken to reduce the level of environmental contamination.A high rate of infection in clean wounds prompted a bacteriological survey. Potential sources of infection found, and the measures employed are described in the hope that others may be encouraged to examine familiar equipment critically and to improve hygiene even in old premises.The choice, design, use and care of cleaning and sterilizing equipment were open to criticism. In particular, a currently popular floor-scrubbing machine provided a breeding ground for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and was distributing it in the theatre environment.


Membrane antigens of Mycoplasma hominis. Extraction of membranes of Mycoplasma hominis with n-butanol showed that antigenicity was associated with the non-lipid residue, which probably consisted mainly of protein, and not with the lipid itself.Since many membrane proteins are hydrophobic, membranes were rendered soluble in various ways. Extraction with urea or phenol was the most successful, yielding extracts which were both antigenic and serologically reactive. The urea extract could not be fractionated by polyacrylamide disk electrophoresis or by column chromatography. However, serologically active components identified by gel diffusion were separated from detergent-lysed membranes by polyacrylamide disk electrophoresis. The activities of antisera against these fractions suggested that indirect-haemagglutinating or metabolic-inhibiting antibodies can be directed against several different membrane antigens. However, the antigens identified by gel diffusion probably do not represent all the components participating in indirect haemagglutination.Treatment of membrane suspensions with heat, alkali, periodate and various enzymes showed that the four components identified by gel diffusion could be distinguished by their differing stabilities and properties. On the basis of their lability and susceptibility to proteolytic enzymes, two were identified as proteins.


Isotope studies of body composition in neuromuscular diseases.


A comparison of the behaviour to ions of the P3 component of the pigeon cone and rat rod electroretinogram. 1. Isolated pigeon and rat retinas were incubated in various media and the effect of changing ions on the P III component of the electroretinogram was studied, with particular regard to the influence of calcium on other ions.2. In pigeon, without calcium, reduction of sodium and chloride both reduce P III. This behaviour continues in the presence of calcium but only if the retina has been treated with ouabain. Under these conditions, the effect of calcium is to prevent the appearance of inverted responses.3. Under other conditions, calcium renders the pigeon P III insensitive to change in chloride. Sensitivity is rapidly restored by the use of ouabain, 2,4-DNP, or by cooling.4. Calcium does not alter the linear relationship between sodium and response amplitude.5. In pigeon, increasing potassium increases P III amplitude, though the exact relationship is altered by calcium.6. In the rat retina treated with ouabain, increasing sodium increases P III, and increasing potassium decreases P III. This result is similar to that of Sillman, Ito & Tomita (1969b). If calcium is absent, inverted P IIIs can be obtained.7. If calcium is present in the medium, reducing sodium also reduces rat P III.8. If calcium is reduced below 10(-7)M, then reducing sodium increases P III, and large responses are obtainable from solutions which contain almost no ions. These responses vanish very rapidly if the retina is cooled or treated with ouabain.


The isoenzymes of carbonic anhydrase: kinetic properties with particular reference to the functions in the intestinal tract. 1. Details are given of an electrometric method for measuring the activity of isoenzymes of carbonic anhydrase (EC 4.2.1.1) in catalysing the hydration of carbon dioxide under different conditions at 0 degrees C. In the method, a measured volume of water saturated with carbon dioxide at a known partial pressure and appropriate temperature is introduced into a buffered solution. Using a sensitive electrometer and recording instrument, the subsequent change in hydrogen ion concentration is recorded as a function of time. Under the conditions of assay, the pH change induced in the presence of substrate is very small (DeltapH < 0.05 units) and the period of observation need not exceed 10 sec.2. For enzymes isolated from guinea-pig tissues, it is found that the specific activity of the ;high activity' isoenzyme (carbonic anhydrase C, carbonic anhydrase II, HACA) is about eighteen times that of the ;low activity' counterpart (carbonic anhydrase B, carbonic anhydrase I, LACA) when measured at 0 degrees C, pH 7.2, and ionic strength 0.19. Under the same conditions, the K(m) was found to be 10 mM for the ;high activity' isoenzyme and 23 mM for the ;low activity' isoenzyme. No differences were found between the equivalent kinetic parameters of the corresponding isoenzymes isolated from different tissues.3. The isoenzymes isolated from guinea-pig tissues are found to be inhibited by acetazolamide in a non-competitive manner. It is also found that the ;high activity' isoenzyme is many times more sensitive to this inhibitor than is the ;low activity' isoenzyme. Evidence is presented which indicates that one acetazolamide binding site is present on each molecule of either isoenzyme.4. While chloride ions specifically inhibit the ;low activity' component of guinea-pig carbonic anhydrase (I(0.5) = 40 mM), acetate, butyrate and pyruvate inhibit both isoenzymes. Under the conditions employed, acetate and pyruvate are more strongly inhibitory to the ;low activity' isoenzyme than to the ;high activity' isoenzyme, while butyrate is more strongly inhibitory to the ;high activity' isoenzyme.5. The findings are discussed with particular reference to the physiological significance of the presence of the isoenzymes in the gastro-intestinal tract. Also considered are possible relationships between the distribution of the ;low activity' isoenzyme in these tissues and the transport and metabolism of products of fermentation occurring in the intestinal lumen.


Polychlorobiphenyls (PCB) induced fetopathy. II. Experimental studies: possible placental transfer of polychlorobiphenyls in rats.


Training the health care team in an extended care facility.


Total body potassium in non-dialysed and dialysed patients with chronic renal failure. Total body potassium was studied in 33 patients with chronic renal failure, 18 of whom had been receiving regular dialysis therapy for 1 to 48 months. In nondialysed patients body potassium was not significantly different from normal in the group as a whole, but was significantly greater than normal in three patients, and significantly less than normal in two patients. In 14 of the dialysed patients, both as individuals and as a group, body potassium was not significantly different from normal but in the remaining four it was less than normal.Potassium transfer during dialysis was studied in two patients. Uptake by these two patients of (43)K added to the dialysate (1 mEq K/litre) was measured by whole-body monitoring. Transfer of administered (43)K from the patients to the dialysate was measured by whole-body monitoring and by radioactive and chemical assay of the dialysate. A negative balance due to twice-weekly dialysis of 178 and 244 mEq K/week was found, which with weekly faecal and urine losses of 20-30 mEq K approximately equals the dietary intake of 210-315 mEq K.


Diazepam as an oral long-term anticonvulsant for epileptic mental patients.


Survey of microbial contamination of ophthalmic ointments.


Action of alkaloidal extract of Banisteriopsis quitensis on rabbit ileum.


Volume and protein concentration of rabbit uterine fluid.


Serum levels of IgG and  -macroglobulin and incidence of cryofibrinogenaemia in women taking oral contraceptives.


Biopsy-proved tumor following definitive irradiation for resectable carcinoma of the prostate.


Antilymphocyte serum (ALS) as an immunosuppressive agent in transplantation of the canine larynx. II. Purification of antibodies.


Rehabilitation of long stay psychiatric patients.


Long-term care in Doncaster.

Long-term care in Doncaster.


The development of resistance of gonococci to antibiotics. Investigations of the behavior of gonococci in the presence of antibiotics in the Central Rhineland Area (Coblenz district) in the years 1966-1971.


Present status of gonorrhoea control.

Present status of gonorrhoea control.


Chromosome studies in selected spontaneous abortions. IV. Unusual cytogenetic disorders.


Attempted immunization against trachoma infection in baboons.


Oxidation of 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-D-glucose by cell-free extracts of Pseudomonas fluorescens.


The role of parenteral nutrition in surgical care.


Metabolism of and vascular responses to glyceryl trinitrate in the eviscerated rat.


Wound antibiotics in gastro-intestinal surgery. Comparison of ampicillin with penicillin and sulphadiazine.


DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Tetrahymena pyriformis.


The optical activity, scattering, and viscosity of erythrocyte membranes.


The effect of cytopathogenic transmissible gastroenteritis-like viruses and-or Escherichia coli on germfree pigs.


Coronary vasodilating effect of some chromanone derivatives.


A medical and social survey of 231 children with seizures.


The prognosis of petit mal in adults.

The prognosis of petit mal in adults.


Survey of 100 epileptics who have not had seizures for ten years or more.


Thyrotropin increases prostaglandin levels in isolated thyroid cells. We have shown that two unrelated prostaglandin antagonists block both thyrotropin (TSH) and prostaglandins E (PGE(1), PGE(2)) stimulation of thyroidal adenyl cyclase activation and cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) formation, suggesting that prostaglandins play an important role in regulating thyroid function. To further explore this postulate, we measured prostaglandin content by radioimmunoassay in homogeneous bovine thyroid cell preparations in the presence and absence of TSH. Antibodies to albumin-conjugated PGE(1) and PGF(2alpha) showed specificity for prostaglandins E and F, respectively, but reacted, albeit far less effectively, with heterologous prostaglandins. A double antibody system was used to separate free from antibody-bound PGE(1)-(3)H and PGF(2alpha)-(3)H. Thyroid cells were extracted with ethanol/ethyl acetate and the various prostaglandins separated on silicic acid columns. Recoveries of added PGE(1)-(3)H and PGF(2alpha)-(3)H through the extraction and separation procedures ranged from 50-80%. The sensitivity of the method was 10-50 pg. Basal thyroid cell content of PGE(1) and PGF(2alpha) "equivalents" varied between cell preparations (range = 2-6 ng/0.2 ml cell suspension) but, in each instance, remained constant during 5-30-min incubations at 37 degrees C. TSH, 10-100 mU/ml, increased the levels of cell PGE(1) and PGF(2alpha) "equivalents" 30-80% above basal during 5-15-min incubations. The stimulatory effect was specific for TSH, no increase in PGE(1) or PGF(2alpha) "equivalent" levels being seen with luteinizing hormone (LH), human growth hormone (HGH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), or glucagon. These data support the thesis that prostaglandins may mediate TSH effects on thyroid.


Extent of carotid sinus regulation of the myocardial contractile state in conscious dogs. The effects of bilateral carotid artery occlusion (BCO) and carotid sinus nerve stimulation (CSNS) on left ventricular (LV) pressure (P), diameter (D), velocity of contraction (V), rate of change of pressure (dP/dt), and cardiac output were studied in conscious dogs instrumented with ultrasonic diameter gauges, miniature pressure gauges, and aortic electromagnetic flow transducers. The effects of BCO and CSNS were also studied after automatic blockade and were compared to similar alterations in pressure produced by norepinephrine, methoxamine, and nitroglycerin. When heart rate was maintained constant with atrial stimulation, BCO had little effect on ventricular contractility, increasing isolength systolic pressure (LV P(iso)) by 36% while isolength velocity of myocardial shortening (V(iso)) decreased by 12% and (dP/dt)/P fell by 8%. These effects could be explained largely by vasoconstriction, since elevating systolic pressure with methoxamine produced similar results, while norepinephrine increased V(iso) by 36% and (dP/dt)/P by 56%. CSNS produced directionally opposite results from BCO; it decreased P(iso) by 15%, V(iso) increased by 11%, while (dP/dt)/P remained almost constant. These effects may be explained largely by vasodilatation since reducing systolic pressure to the same level with nitroglycerin produced similar results. When peripheral vasoconstriction was minimized by phenoxybenzamine pretreatment. BCO produced a slight positive inotropic effect (P(iso) increased by 8%, V(iso) by 4%, and (dp/dt)/P by 10%), while CSNS produced a slight negative inotropic effect (P(iso) decreased by 3%, V(iso) decreased by 5%, and (dP/dt)/P by 7%).Thus, in the normal, healthy, conscious dog, the carotid sinuses exert relatively little control of the inotropic state of the left ventricle; moreover, this small inotropic action is masked by the more powerful effects on peripheral resistance.


Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer techniques for determination of interferences in pesticide analysis.


The selective inhibition of microbial RNA synthesis by salicylate.


Studies of a methionine-activating enzyme.


Changes in liver lysosome fragility, erythrocyte membrane stability, and local and systemic lysosomal enzyme levels in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis.


Depressed incorporation of purine derivatives into malarial parasite ribonucleic acid by known ribonucleic acid polymerase-inhibiting drugs.


Characterization of protein and DNA in P815 cells sensitive and resistant to 1- -D-arabinofuranosylcytosine.


Evidence for DNA repair synthesis and turnover in rat liver following ingestion of 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.


Recent advances in neuroblastoma.

Recent advances in neuroblastoma. Neuroblastoma is one of the commoner tumors of infancy and childhood. There is great variation in the histological picture and even within one tumor. One unique feature is the apparently high rate of spontaneous regression, particularly during the first year of life. There is also a tendency for neuroblastoma to mature to the more benign ganglioneuroma and recent in vitro studies suggest that a serum factor may influence this process. Approximately 90 percent of patients with neuroblastoma excrete abnormally high quantities of various catecholamines, thus providing a useful diagnostic tool and a means for evaluating the effect of therapy. Treatment requires a multidisciplinary team approach involving a surgeon, radiotherapist and chemotherapist. Prognosis is influenced by a number of host factors and the most important of these seem to be the patient's age at diagnosis and the extent of the disease, although some children with widespread disease appear to have a particularly good prognosis. It is difficult to evaluate the influence of chemotherapy on survival in patients with neuroblastoma but it has not been of great significance. The unique biologic characteristics of this tumor require further study in the hope of providing more effective therapy.


Central inhibition of cellular immunity to leukemia L1210 by isoantibody.


Radioresistance and longevity of inbred lines of Drosophila melanogaster.


The complex factors in tooth implantation.


Development of ceramic and ceramic composite devices for maxillofacial applications.


The mass spectra of polychlorinated biphenyls.


Characterization of the messenger RNA released from L cell polyribosomes as a result of temperature shock.


Structure of human carbonic anhydrase B. I. Crystallization and heavy atom modifications.


Influence of merthiolate on single radial immunodiffusion.


Deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in bacteriophage SPO1-infected Bacillus subtilis. I. Bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and fate of host deoxyribonucleic acid in normal and polymerase-deficient strains. The effect of bacteriophage SPO1 infection of Bacillus subtilis and a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase-deficient (pol(-)) mutant of this microorganism on the synthesis of DNA has been examined. Soon after infection, the incorporation of deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates into acid-insoluble material by cell lysates was greatly reduced. This inhibition of host DNA synthesis was not a result of host chromosome degradation nor did it appear to be due to the induction of thymidine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase. Examination of the host chromosome for genetic linkage throughout the lytic cycle indicated that no extensive degradation occurred. After the inhibition of host DNA synthesis, a new polymerase activity arose which directed the synthesis of phage DNA. This new activity required deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates, Mg(2+) ions, and a sulfhydryl reducing agent, and it was stimulated in the presence of adenosine triphosphate. The phage DNA polymerase, like that of its host, was associated with a fast-sedimenting cell membrane complex. The pol(-) mutation had no effect on the synthesis of phage DNA or production of mature phage particles.


Blood tests in pregnancy.

Blood tests in pregnancy.


Bilirubin binding by human erythrocytes.


Staffing our asylums.

Staffing our asylums.


Action of disodium cromoglycate.

Action of disodium cromoglycate.


Reaction to LSD in a two-year-old child.


Fractional and complete mutations following irradiation of drosophila spermatids in nitrogen or in oxygen.


Influence of several antibiotics, singly and in combination, on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes.


Differential sensitivity of immature and mature oocytes of Drosophila melanogaster to the induction of dominant lethals following treatment by mono- and polyfunctional aziridine analogues.


On vaccines and vaccination: typhoid-paratyphoid fevers.


Blood groups and red cell enzymes of the Ross River (Northern Tuchone), and Upper Liard (Slave) Indians.


An analysis of the muscular limitation on opposability in seven species of Cercopithecinae.


The mode of action of fusidic acid.

The mode of action of fusidic acid.


Solubilization and characterization of particulate form of DNA polymerase from adult rat liver nuclei.


Isolation and identification of chick lens crystallin messenger RNA.


Specific inhibition of bacteriophage SPO1 DNA-directed protein synthesis by the SPO1 transcription factor, TF 1.


Surface ionization ratios for electrons in the energy range 3 to 11 MeV.


Some effects of rumen ciliate protozoa in cattle given restricted amounts of a barley diet.


Theoretical and experimental depth-dose curves for electrons in the energy range 3-10 MeV.


Interpretation of positive reactions to Heaf tuberculin test in London schoolchildren. A study of 289 children aged 12-14 years found to be Heaf test positive at routine testing was made to determine the likely cause of the positive tests. Only 12% of children grade 1 Heaf positive were likely to have had a previous infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 49% were likely to have had infections with atypical mycobacteria, and in 39% no cause for the positive Heaf test was found.The positive Heaf test seems to us to be too sensitive. Both a negative and grade 1 positive should be regarded as not significant and these children given B.C.G. vaccine. Heaf grades 2, 3, and 4 should be regarded as significant and the children investigated for M. tuberculosis infection.


Antibiotic-resistant gonococci.

Antibiotic-resistant gonococci.


Disodium cromoglycate in young children.


Haemolytic anaemia associated with antibodies to tolbutamide and phenacetin.


Studies on mold dextranases. 3. Purification and some enzymatic properties of Aspergillus carneus dextranase.


Antibody specific for actin from frog skeletal muscles.


The morphology of the lymph node in the macroglobulinaemia of Waldenström. In 16 cases of Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia the following findings were sufficiently frequent to justify a provisional diagnosis: a modestly enlarged node with lymphocytic infiltration through the capsule into the adjacent connective tissue, retention of the sinus and medullary reticulin pattern, few or no peripheral follicles, sinuses marked out by pale histiocytes, scanty mitoses, numerous plasma cells, and dark staining of plasma in blood vessels. Mast cells were not more frequent than in reactive nodes, but were more frequent than in lymphomas. Periodic acid-Schiff-positive inclusions were found in every case, but were usually very scanty. Similar inclusions can rarely be found in other cases.


Bacteriocins from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and their possible role in epidemiological studies. Although no consistent results can be demonstrated when freshly isolated strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae are tested for bacteriocin activity on chocolate blood agar, such activity can be demonstrated on GC base medium (Difco), enriched with a defined supplement. At the present time, using six indicator strains, 75% of isolates of N. gonorrhoeae show characteristic patterns of inhibition. These observations are encouraging and suggest that ;gonocin' typing may be possible.


Human antibody response to lipopolysaccharides from Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Red cells coated with lipopolysaccharides from three different strains of Neisseria gonorhoeae have been used as antigens in a haemagglutination test for gonococcal antibodies. For each strain the geometric mean titre in sera from 50 male and 25 female patients was significantly higher than that in 50 normal controls. The most useful smooth strain, G1, picked out 84% of females and 46% of males from a group of patients known to have gonorrhoea, but only gave 2% positives among controls. The rough strain, G2, gave 10% positives in controls and 31% in patients. The results suggest that the method is worth developing further as a diagnostic test and that strain differences are important. False positives were probably due to cross-reacting antibodies.


Use of ultraviolet light in the typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains by pyocin production.


The effect of passage and iron on the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The factors concerned with the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are relatively labile and can be enhanced by passage. Virulence is further enhanced if the serum transferrin of the host is saturated with iron. These results draw attention to the possible serious consequences of accidental passage in hospitals, and focus attention on the importance of transferrin as a factor in non-specific resistance.


Size and distribution of the repetitive segments of the Drosophila genome.


Fate of transforming DNA following uptake by competent Bacillus subtilis. IV. The endwise attachment and uptake of transforming DNA.


Arrangement of the highly reiterated DNA sequences in the centric heterochromatin of Drosophila melanogaster. Evidence for interspersed spacer DNA.


A comparative study of periodontal ligament development in teeth with and without predecessors in marmosets.


Fate of transforming DNA following uptake by competent Bacillus subtilis. Formation and properties of products isolated from transformed cells which are derived entirely from donor DNA.


Genetic mapping of aminoglycoside and fusidic acid resistant mutations in Bacillus subtilis.


Differential influence of spermidine on DNA directed enzyme synthesis in vitro.


Physiological characterization of antibiotic resistant mutants of Bacillus subtilis.


Narcotic addiction, physical dependence and relapse.


Tuberculosis following subtotal gastrectomy.


Hodgkin's disease: prognosis as related to pathology, staging and treatment.


Cerebral arterial reactivity and spasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage.


A modified technique for creating a jejunostomy.


Isolation of a neurotoxic substance from Karwinskia humboldtiana Zucc. (Rhamnaceae).


California encephalitis virus isolations from Yukon mosquitoes, 1971.


Transseptal fibers and relapse following bodily retration of teeth: a histologic study.


Evidence for a calcium requirement in the Cypridina bioluminescence reaction.


Control of urease formation in certain aerobic bacteria.


Magnetic circular dichroism of cobalt metalloenzyme derivatives.


The purification by affinity chromatography of a proteinase inhibitor binding species of anhydro-chymotrypsin.


Phenotypic and genotypic changes induced in eucaryotic cells by protein inhibitors.


Feline fibrosarcoma virus: quantitative focus assay, focus morphology and evidence for a "helper virus".


Listeria monocytogenes meningitis in a healthy adult.


Blood coagulation in maturity--onset diabetics before and after treatment with glibenclamide.


Studies on intravascular haemolysis in monkeys infected with Plasmodium coatneyi.


Disodium cromoglycate in chronic bronchitis.


Abnormal periosteum and bone in neurofibromatosis.


Correction of dose distribution for air space in high-energy electron beam therapy.


High-LET radiation in radiotherapy. A report from the Radiation Study Section of the National Institutes of Health.


Metabolic studies of  3 H-orphenadrine citrate in the rat, dog and rhesus monkey.


Potentiation of codeine analgesia by disodium edetate in albino rats.


PS-2747: a new antidepressant agent.

PS-2747: a new antidepressant agent.


Microbial flora of the external os of the premenopausal cervix.


Saccadic eye movement and neurons in the central gray area in awake monkeys.


Neuropharmacological study of   9 - and   8 -L-tetrahydrocannabinols in monkeys and mice.


Studies on the development of a vaginal preparation providing both prophylaxis against venereal disease and other genital infections and contraception. II. Effect in vitro of vaginal contraceptive and non-contraceptive preparations on Treponema pallidum and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. 20 vaginal contraceptive preparations and 17 other compounds, mostly vaginal antiseptics, were studied in vitro for their effect on the motility of virulent T. pallidum and were also studied for their bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects on  N. gonorrhoeae.  Concentrations of several contraceptives and other preparations as low as 10/0 were effective in immobilizing spirochaetes in suspension within 1-1.5 minutes.  Similarly, several products inhibited gonococcal growth.  These results in vitro are reported.  Further studies in vitro and in vivo are in progress to find the preparations which show the greatest potential for topical use in venereal disease prophylaxis and contraception.  Commercial sources for the contraceptive and noncontraceptive preparations are given.


Radiosensitization of bacterial spores by ketonic agents of differing electron-affinities.


Energetics of activation in frog and toad muscle. 1. If activation heat reflects the operation of the calcium pump it should be independent of actomyosin activity. The semitendinosus preparation affords a technique for removing actomyosin activity since the muscle can be stretched till there is almost no overlap between the filaments.2. Heat production, H, in twitches and tetani of stretched muscle fits the relation H = A+M.P/P(ot) where P/P(ot) is the fraction of the optimal tension remaining at the stretched length and A and M are assumed to be the activation dependent and actomyosin dependent heat components.3. For twitches the A component is early and fast and constitutes 0.26 (S.D. 0.09) of the heat production at normal muscle lengths. Its time course is similar in both frog and toad muscle although both M and P are twofold slower in toad muscle. High concentrations of CO(2) slow only M and P(ot). The A component is associated with a normal recovery heat.4. The twitch-tetanus tension ratio, after correction for the extra shortening that occurs during a tetanus, does not vary with the degree of muscle stretch: it is thus probable that twitch activation does not vary with muscle stretch.5. Moderately hypertonic Ringer solution reduces M and P(ot) but not A, but strongly hypertonic solution also reduces A. Zn(2+), No(3) (-) and second shock potentiation of a twitch increase A, M and P(ot) in proportion to each other.


Cancer statistics 1972.

Cancer statistics 1972.


Editor's interview: interferon.

Editor's interview: interferon.


Regulation of ketogenesis and clinical aspects of the ketotic state.


Immunological control of pseudomonas infection in burns.


Lymphadenitis with massive hemophagocytic sinus histiocytosis.


The cephalic arterial system in the insectivores and the primates with special reference to the Macroscelidoidea and Tupaioidea and the insectivore-primate boundary.


Immunoglobulins and complement in crevicular fluid, serum and saliva in man.


Diagnosis of oral cancer. One.

Diagnosis of oral cancer. One.


A re-examination of Sharpey's fibres in alveolar bone of the marmoset (Saguinus fusicollis).


Psychologic and neural regulation of growth hormone secretion.


Energetics of isometric and isotonic twitches in toad sartorius. Contractile energetics have been studied in twitches of toad sartorius muscle at 6-7 degrees C. Isometric and isotonic energy production has been measured and plotted against a wide range of developed tensions and tension-time integrals. These parameters were varied by altering the isotonic load or by changing the preset isometric length. The isometric tension-independent heat was 1.12 +/-0.18 (SD) mcal/g. The isometric heat coefficient Pl(0)/H was 12.0 +/-1.4 in muscles having twitch to tetanus ratios ranging from 0.4 to 0.6. Isometric enthalpy increased monotonically with tension or tension-time integral but the correlation between isometric heat and these parameters was poor. Isotonic enthalpy consumption was always higher than isometric enthalpy for any given tension or tension-time integral; however, isotonic heat production was consistently less than isometric heat production. The isotonic heat for the highest load (3 g) was not significantly different from the isometric tension-independent heat. Thus isotonic heat production first decreased and then increased with increasing tension or tension-time integral. In the discussion it is shown that the results conflict with all current interpretations of muscle energetics.


Viral hepatitis: a group of epidemiologic entities.


Viral hepatitis in non-human primates.

Viral hepatitis in non-human primates.


Viral hepatitis and studies of hepatitis associated antigen in chimpanzees.


Detection of hepatitis associated antigen and antibody--comparison of methods and their application.


Epidemic hepatitis-associated antigen.

Epidemic hepatitis-associated antigen.


Chemical stimulation of discrete brain loci as a method of producing dyskinesia models in primates.


Effects of lesions in ventral anterior thalamus on experimental focal epilepsy.


Choreoathetosis and striopallidonigral necrosis due to sodium azide.


Behavioral effects of arrest of cerebral circulation in the Rhesus monkey.


Effects of estradiol on brain electrogram of the female toad Bufo arenarum Hensel during the breeding season.


The rapid and large scale separation of peritoneal macrophages.


Characterization of colicin Ia and colicin Ib: antigenic homology. Immunological techniques have been employed to determine antigenic homology between colicin Ia and colicin Ib. Results of these experiments demonstrate that the two colicins are antigenically similar.


Studies on the cytoplasmic membranes of Bacillus megaterium KM. I. Fractionation of the cytoplasmic membranes by alkali-treatment.


An automated liquid chromatographic method for the determination of tetracycline antibiotics.


Fluorescence change of auramine O bound to chromatophores of Rhodospirillum rubrum--analysis in connection to ionic environment and ion transport.


Visual stimulation as a reinforcer in neonatally asphyxiated monkeys.


The effect of Schistosoma mansoni infection on the response of mice to Salmonella enteritidis and Listeria monocytogenes.


An antibody-complement system in human serum lethal to L-phase variants of bacteria.


Antigens of Histoplasma capsulatum. I. Serologic differences between histoplasmins derived from albino and brown filamentous isolates.


Vaccination and challenge of mice with viruses of the rabies serogroup.


Workshop on the biology of the treponemes.


Serial serum diamine oxidase estimations in normal singleton and twin pregnancies and in abnormal pregnancies.


Copper deficiency in long-term parenteral nutrition.


Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Weekly clinicopathological exercises. Case 19-1972.


The effects of calcium and magnesium on sodium fluxes through gills of Carassius auratus, L. 1. Removal of calcium from Carassius either with chelating agents or by adaptation to deionized water increased sodium influx through the gills twofold.2. Treatment of fish with chelating agents increased sodium outflux, whereas adaptation to deionized water reduced sodium outflux. The effects on outflux do not appear to result from calcium removal.3. Addition of calcium (2-20 mM) reversed the effects on influx of chelating agents and of adaptation to deionized water.4. Magnesium (2-10 mM) was without significant effect on sodium influx, but increased the outflow in fish adapted to deionized water.


Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.


Maternal-fetal endocrine interrelations: effects of synthetic thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) on the fetal pituitary-thyroid system of the rat.


On the half life of thyrotropin-releasing hormone in rats.


The war and public expenditure on mental health care in England and Wales--the postponement effect.


A fine structural study of divalent cation-mediated epithelial union with connective tissue in human oral mucosa.


Survey of several red cell and serum genetic markers in a Peruvian population.


A new genetic polymorphism of human serum:   2  macroglobulin (AL-M).


Further studies on the oxygen-reducing system of Anabaena variabilis.


Effect of ferredoxin on bacterial photophosphorylation.


Experimental fascioliasis in the pig.

Experimental fascioliasis in the pig.


Pathogenesis of hepatic granulomas in turkeys infected with Streptococcus faecalis var. liquefaciens.


Identification of the infectious bursal disease virus in Mexico.


Amino acid composition and properties of crystalline lactate dehydrogenase X from mouse testes.


Studies on avian heterophils. I. Cell separation.


Purification of human prolactin.

Purification of human prolactin.


Pathological analysis of intracranial space-occupying lesions in 1000 cases including children. 4. Pituitary adenomas; developmental tumours; parasitic and developmental cysts.


Patterns of oxygen interchange between water, substrates, and phosphate compounds of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.


Survey of polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxin content in selected pesticides.


Effect of mycotoxins and coumarins on the growth of Bacillus megaterium from spores.


Effect of saline and colloid resuscitation of renal function.


Techniques for the collection and reporting of data on community water supply. Report of a WHO Scientific Group.


The long-acting hemodynamic effects of isosorbide dinitrate.


Protein patterns of rabbit oviducal fluid.


Antigens of the hamster ovary and effects of anti-ovary serum on eggs.


Surveillance methodology for the practice of medicine.


Health services-   -and the future. II.

Health services-   -and the future. II.


Rifampin.

Rifampin. Rifampin is a potent antituberculous drug. In the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis it is highly effective provided it is given in combination with other drugs to which the patient's organisms are sensitive. Rifampin and ethambutol is a particularly powerful combination and will achieve almost 100% sputum conversion. It seems likely that rifampin will replace streptomycin, and ethambutol will replace PAS in first-treatment cases. Optimum first-line treatment will thus consist of rifampin, INH and ethambutol, with the probability of almost 100% success and the possibility also that the total duration of treatment may be considerably reduced. Rifampin is well tolerated but it may give rise to liver dysfunction and thrombocytopenia in a small proportion of patients. Patients treated with rifampin must be kept under close supervision because of the risk of side effects and, more important, because irregular treatment may lead to the development of rifampin-resistant organisms.


Encephalitic listeriosis in a herd of goats.


Listeria monocytogenes isolations in Alberta 1951-1970.


Haptoglobin evolution: polymeric forms of Hp in the Bovidae and Cervidae families.


Proliferative and functional capacity of bursal lymphocytes after transfer to agammaglobulinemic chicks.


Kinetic complexity of RNA molecules.

Kinetic complexity of RNA molecules.


Locus specificity of mutagens in Drosophila.


Immunochemical detection of double-stranded ribonucleic acid in leaves of sugar cane infected with Fiji disease virus.


Formation of a coat protein subunit from R17 bacteriophage.


An improved spheroplast assay for lambda-DNA and the influence of the bacterial genotype on the transfection rate.


The effects of visual deprivation on the depth perception of adult and infant rats and adult squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciurea).


Multiple myeloma with massive proteinuria and terminal renal failure.


Studies on the appearance and location of hemagglutinins from a common lentil during the life cycle of the plant.


Comparison of procedures for extracting transfer RNA from spores of Bacillus.


Factors contributing to occasional failures in the laboratory diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid by indirect immunofluorescence.


Veno-arterial difference in alpha 1 -antitrypsin levels. alpha(1)-Antitrypsin levels, determined by radial immunodiffusion, were found to be higher in the venous than in the arterial blood of patients with pulmonary infections and in patients with obstructive airflow diseases. Large differences occurred in patients with both abnormalities. No difference was found in patients with other kinds of lung disease or in patients without lung disease. The veno-arterial difference probably occurs as blood passes through the lungs and probably results from alteration of the immunological properties of the alpha(1)-antitrypsin, perhaps by attachment to proteases, rather than absorption into the lung tissue. Further studies are needed to define the diseases in which this antienzyme plays an active part and to determine the mechanisms causing the difference.


Unprocessed bran in treatment of diverticular disease of the colon. Seventy patients with diverticular disease of the colon were treated with a high-residue, low-sugar diet including unprocessed bran. Follow-up for an average of 22 months showed marked relief of symptoms in 62 patients. Bowel habit was restored towards normal and abdominal discomfort relieved. Only seven patients were unable to give up the use of laxatives. Eight patients did not tolerate the bran diet, and one of these needed surgical treatment. None of the 62 patients who took the diet needed surgery.


Disodium cromoglycate in allergic respiratory disease.


Australia antigen in chronic liver disease.


Thio-TEPA and supervoltage radiotherapy for carcinoma of the ovary.


Liver specific antigens. Purification and characterization.


Profile of insulin release due to intrapancreatic glyburide infusion.


Protein turnover in asporogenic Bacillus megaterium KM under limited nitrogen supply.


Cell electrophoresis of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. II. Relevance of the changes in cell surface charge density to cell aggregation and morphogenesis.


Structure and coiling of the stalk in the peritrich ciliates Vorticella and Carchesium.


Changes in antibiotic sensitivity patterns of Gram-negative bacilli in burns. Sensitivity tests with 12 antibiotics on 1,018 strains of Gram-negative bacilli isolated in a burns unit between 1969 and 1971 showed some important differences from results in similar tests on a series of strains isolated between 1965 and 1967. These changes included the emergence of a large proportion of kanamycin-resistant strains of Klebsiella aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli and of smaller proportions of trimethoprim- and gentamicin-resistant strains; also the complete replacement of Proteus mirabilis with dissociated resistance to ampicillin by strains showing linked resistance to ampicillin and carbenicillin. The probable relationship of these changes to the emergence of an R factor determining resistance to tetracycline, kanamycin, carbenicillin, ampicillin, and cephaloridine in Enterobacteria and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is discussed.


Cancer of the head and neck. Nasopharyngeal cancer. Megavoltage advances vs the orthovoltage era.


Cancer of the head and neck. Nasopharyngeal cancer. Split dose radiotherapy.


Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with different cancers.


Evaluation of a new antituberculous agent. Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane).


Evaluation of a compression intraosseous fixation device in mandibular fractures.


Neurofibromatosis with mandibular deformities.


Contrast and size variables and the tilt after-effect.


The management of recurring urinary tract infection in the female.


Disodium cromoglycate and perennial rhinitis.


Pulmonary aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus flavus.


Nutrition: a review of the WHO programme. 1. The 2nd part of a review of the WHO program in nutrition for the last 7 years is presented. The Protein Advisory Group (PAG) was formed by WHO, FAO, and UNICEF to study the formulation and manufacture of new protein foods and food mixtures.  The defined functions and operations of PAG are described. The United Nations General Assembly gave consideration to the protein problem. The essential features of action to avert the protein crisis in developing countries are listed. The WHO  research program focuses on studies of the etiology and pathology of nutritional disceases and trials of preventive or therapeutic measures. Former studies and those currently underway are described. Possible lines of future action include:  1) evaluation of past and present activities, 2) standardization of forms for surveillance of nutritional status, 3) cost-benefit studies of alternative strategies, 4) studies on the effect of malnutrition in human development, 5) development  of conventional and nonconventional protein foods, 6) food and nutrition policy, 7) manpower studies and intensification of training programs, 8) institutional requirements for national food and nutrition programs, 9) studies on nutrition and  family planning, 10) relationship between nutrition and disease, and 11) fortification of foods.


WHO Expert Committee on Biological Standardization. Twenty-fourth report.


Chemistry of hypothalamic neurohormones. Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies of thyrotropin-releasing hormone and luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone.


Carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes in normal human endometrium and erythrocytes.


Threshold doses of 2-deoxy-D-glucose for hyperglycemia and feeding in rats and monkeys.


Preparation and purification of pteroic acid from folic acid.


Effect of a modified kaolin treatment on serum immunoglobulins. After kaolin treatment of fetal rabbit serum, 7S antibody titers were reduced more than 19S titers. This reduction was less when the kaolin treatment was performed at pH 9.0 than when it was performed at pH 7.3. A modification of the kaolin treatment of sera for use in the hemagglutination-inhibiting antibody titration, in which the hemagglutination reaction is performed at a neutral pH, is recommended. The advantage of the modified method is that adsorption of immunoglobulins to kaolin is minimized when serum is treated at a lower dilution with pH 9.0 kaolin, followed by reduction of the pH of the supernatant fluid to neutrality with a "serum adjusting diluent." When the serum was diluted with physiological saline before kaolin treatment, a great decrease in serum immunoglobulin concentrations occurred. This decrease was found to be less in the modified kaolin treatment than in the conventional pH 7.3 kaolin treatment.


Serological studies on Actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans. One hundred strains of Actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans were examined serologically by determining their agglutination reactions with six absorbed antisera. Twenty-four reaction patterns were found, and the results were reproducible. The agglutinating antigens were heat-stable. Precipitation reactions were also studied by means of the Ouchterlony agar-gel diffusion technique with Fuller and acetone extracts. The agglutination test was considered preferable for epidemiological and ecological investigations on A. actinomycetem-comitans.


Purification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa endotoxin by membrane partition chromatography. A procedure is described for obtaining large quantities of purified endotoxin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by using Diaflo ultrafiltration. This method allowed us to isolate from the protein-lipopolysaccharide complex two low-molecular-weight substances which do not play any antigenic role. It provides a useful tool for immunological purposes.


Comparison of the immunofluorescent-cell counting and plaque methods for the assay of vaccinia virus. The immunofluorescent-cell counting method was compared with the agarand liquid-overlay plaque techniques for the assay of vaccinia virus. In addition to being as quantitative, reproducible, and simple to use as the two plaque techniques, the immunofluorescent assay method was found to be more sensitive, rapid, and specific.


Effect of oxidized spermine and other aldehydes on the infectivity of vaccinia virus. The antiviral activity of oxidized spermine was compared with that of other aldehydes. Suspensions of vaccinia virus were incubated at 37 C with various concentrations of the aldehydes, and the infectivity of the viruses was determined by the plaque assay. Oxidized spermine at a concentration of 0.82 mM completely inactivated a suspension of vaccinia virus (1.4 x 10(8) plaque-forming units) after incubation at 37 C for 10 hr. Glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde were less active when compared on a molar basis, but acrolein resembled oxidized spermine in its antiviral activity. Because acrolein is produced from oxidized spermine at only 20 to 30% yield, it is unlikely that the biological activity of the latter is due to acrolein formed during the spontaneous degradation of oxidized spermine.


Factors influencing the production of H and M antigens by Histoplasma capsulatum: development and evaluation of a shake culture. Studies were undertaken to improve the production of histoplasmin for use in complement-fixation tests and in the determination of H and M antibodies. A shake culture method performed at 25 C was developed with a yeast-phase inoculum. Eight strains of Histoplasma were tested in three synthetic media to evaluate the effects of strain and medium on H and M antigen production. Intrastrain variation was negligible, and antigen production was reproducible. All of the strains produced H antigen; six strains produced both H and M antigens, and two produced only H antigen. The time of H and M antigen appearance varied with the medium; M antigen appearance was dependent upon the strain and medium used. Titers of M antigen appeared to be greater in stagnant culture.


Factors influencing the production of H and M antigens by Histoplasma capsulatum: effect of physical factors and composition of medium. Stagnant culture methods have permitted only limited physiological studies of the production of H and M antigens by Histoplasma capsulatum because, with such methods, antigen production is uncontrolled. In this investigation, a shake culture method was used to convert yeast-phase inoculum to mycelialphase growth at 25 C. Results strongly suggest that the release of H and M antigens relates to autolysis of the cells. Among the factors influencing production of H and M antigens under shaking conditions, choice of strain was the most important. Alterations of carbon or nitrogen source or variations in amino acid to carbohydrate ratios had limited influence on antigen production. With a strain that produced both H and M antigens, however, proportions of titers of M to H antigens could be made to vary considerably by changes in the medium, the pH, and the temperature. Results suggest that the source of M antigen during autolysis is enzymatic dissolution of the cell wall. The source of H antigen is more obscure. Production of both antigens may be differentially controlled under conditions of good reproducibility by a correct choice of strain and manipulation of culture medium.


Stabilizing effect of magnesium sulfate on avian infectious bronchitis virus propagated in chicken embryo kidney cells. The Beaudette strain of avian infectious bronchitis virus propagated in chicken embryo kidney cells is stabilized by exposure to 1 M MgSO(4) at 50 C for 80 min, at pH values ranging from 4 to 10.


Rapid extraction method with pronase B for grouping beta-hemolytic streptococci. The enzyme, Pronase B, was used to extract the C carbohydrates of betahemolytic streptococci for serological grouping. Reference strains of streptococci, groups A through N, were accurately grouped by using this extraction method. Of the beta-hemolytic streptococci isolated from patients' cultures, 1,197 were classified as either group A or not group A by this method. There was 100% correlation with the reference Lancefield method. In contrast, false reactions occurred with the presumptive bacitracin disc method in 4.1% of the group A and 12.7% of the non-group A cultures. The Pronase method proved simple, accurate, and readily adaptable to the clinical laboratory routine.


Hemagglutination inhibition for serogrouping of Neisseria meningitidis. A hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test has been studied as an alternative to bacterial agglutination (BA) for serogrouping strains of Neisseria meningitidis isolated from clinical specimens. The HI test consists of polysaccharide antigens adsorbed to sheep red blood cells which were then agglutinated by group-specific antisera. Supernatant fluids from suspensions of meningococci were used to inhibit the agglutination. Results of the two tests agreed for 381 (80%) carrier strains. Of the remaining 95 strains, 82 (86%) were identified by HI although they were nongroupable by BA. Thus, the HI test has been shown to be more highly specific and sensitive and to be more economical of reagents and time than the BA test.


Use of the immunodiffusion test in the serodiagnosis of aspergillosis. The diagnostic value of an immunodiffusion (ID) test with standardized precipitinogens derived from five Aspergillus species was determined with sera from 60 proven and 12 suspected cases of aspergillosis. The data demonstrated that the greatest number of aspergillosis cases were detected by the concurrent use of A. fumigatus and A. niger precipitinogens. With these precipitinogens, the ID test permitted the serodiagnosis of aspergillosis in 82% of the 60 proven cases and in 83% of the 12 suspected cases. The presence of one or more precipitins was indicative of aspergilloma, of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, or of invasive aspergillosis. Precipitins were detected in 93% of the sera from patients with aspergilloma, in 50% of the sera from patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, and in 88% of the sera from patients with invasive aspergillosis. Although the presence of one or two precipitin bands could indicate any form of aspergillosis, the presence of three or four was strong evidence of either aspergilloma or invasive aspergillosis. The ID test was found to be 100% specific in an evaluation of its effectiveness with 65 sera from individuals with other systemic mycotic infections, bacterial or neoplastic diseases, and from apparently normal humans. In diagnosed cases of aspergillosis, the examination of serial serum specimens provided information about the clinical course of the disease. A reduction in the number of precipitin bands and significant titer changes were noted as the patients responded to therapy.


Vitamin B 12  production and depletion in a naturally occurring eutrophic lake. The distribution of vitamin B(12) within Upper Klamath Lake was surveyed at approximately monthly intervals during a period from September 1968 to November 1969. High concentrations (up to 1.8 mug/g of dry sediment) characteristically occurred at the water-sediment interface, with a sharp decline below this area. A heavy bloom of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae occurred from the latter part of May through October 1969. B(12) concentrations of the uppermost sediments, from all but one sampling site, increased gradually through the bloom, followed by a drastic increase during the die-off period. B(12) is probably not a limiting factor for primary productivity, since sufficient levels of this vitamin were found to occur throughout the year. Of 42 cultures isolated from Upper Klamath Lake water and sediments, 20 were found capable of producing 50 pg or more of B(12)/ml of medium. Phytoplankton samples were found to contain up to 5 mug of B(12)/g of dry material. Degradation of B(12) occurred in sterilized as well as fresh sediment samples.


Mode of transmission of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a burn unit and an intensive care unit in a general hospital. The transmission of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied in the burn unit and the intensive care unit of a 650-bed hospital. There was a tendency among patients in the burn unit to yield more than one type of P. aeruginosa, and several patients shared the same types at a particular point in time, suggesting cross-contamination among patients. Similar observations were made in the intensive care unit. Cultures from the hands of nurses caring for these patients yielded the same types of P. aeruginosa, suggesting the direct handling of patients by the nursing personnel to be the principal mode of transmission.


Analysis of free amino acid pools in fungal mycelia. Free amino acid pools derived from three different types of fungal mycelia have been analyzed by the method of Heathcote and Haworth by using thinlayer chromatography. The preliminary extraction was carried out with boiling water and interfering proteins; peptides and salts were first removed by means of an ion-retardation resin. As far as determined, the results obtained represent the first quantitative analysis of fungal amino acid pools.


Evaluation of Pseudosel agar as an aid in the identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and thirty-five other species of gramnegative bacilli was observed on 0.03% cetrimide in heart infusion agar medium and Pseudosel agar (BBL). The 0.03% cetrimide agar was more selective for growth of P. aeruginosa than was Pseudosel agar; however, certain bacteria other than P. aeruginosa also grew on the former medium. Although Pseudosel agar was not a highly selective medium for P. aeruginosa, it was preferable to technicolor agar for detection of the pyocyanin and pyorubin pigments produced by P. aeruginosa.


Chromogenicity of Streptomyces.

Chromogenicity of Streptomyces. A simplified technique to detect polyphenol oxidase and melanin formation by Streptomyces culture filtrates was developed. The procedure involves the direct assay of pigment formation by the culture filtrate with 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine (L-dopa) as a substrate. Among cultures of the International Streptomyces Project, 34 failed to produce a diffusible dark brown pigment on peptone-yeast extract-iron-agar and synthetic tyrosine-agar and gave a negative reaction to the melanin formation test. Sixteen cultures produced a diffusible dark brown pigment on both peptone-yeast extract-iron-agar and synthetic tyrosine-agar and gave positive reactions to the test with either L-tyrosine or L-dopa as substrate. Twenty-one cultures produced a diffusible dark brown pigment on peptone-yeast extract-iron-agar, but failed to do so on synthetic tyrosine-agar. Most of these cultures gave a positive reaction to the test when L-dopa was used as the substrate. The correlation between chromogenicity on complex organic media and melanin formation was more clearly established with L-dopa as substrate than with synthetic tyrosine-agar in the present test. The melanin formation test by the present technique, instead of chromogenicity on complex organic media, is recommended as a key feature for the classification of Streptomyces.


Organisms encountered in urine cultures over a 10-year period. Urinary isolates from 1961 to 1970 were surveyed. Forty-four different species were encountered in urine cultures. The most frequently isolated were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis.


Effect of selected herbicides on bacterial growth rates. Specific growth rate constants were used to evaluate the effects of selected herbicides on Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Bacillus sp. Comparison of growth rate constants permitted the identification of either stimulatory or inhibitory effects of these substances. E. carotovora was inhibited by 6,7-dihydrodipyrido(1,2-a:2'-c)pyrazinediium (diquat) and 4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzonitrile (ioxynil) at 25 mug/ml; 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium (paraquat) at 50 mug/ml; and pentachlorophenol (PCP) at 10 mug/ml. P. fluorescens was inhibited by paraquat and PCP at 25 mug/ml and by 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) at 50 mug/ml. Stimulation of P. fluorescens was observed with 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline (nitralin) at 25 mug/ml. The Bacillus species was inhibited by diquat (25 mug/ml), ioxynil (10 mug/ml), and paraquat and PCP (5 mug/ml). No significant effect of 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (atrazine), 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron), alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin), or 1,1-dimethyl-3-(alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-m-tolyl)urea (fluometuron) on growth rates of the bacteria was observed at 25 and 50 mug/ml.


The unidirectional inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase from Blastocladiella emersonii.


Radiation dose-rate: a factor of importance in radiobiology and radiotherapy.


Fractionation with x rays and neutrons in mice: response of skin and C 3 H mammary tumours.


The use of a gamma-camera as a whole-body counter.


Radiation cancer of the thoracic oesophagus.


Surface effects of high energy X rays at oblique incidence.


Binding of chemical carcinogens to nuclear proteins of rat liver.


Collagenolytic enzymes in human neoplasms.


Salivary and plaque anaerobic flora in a human hypercariogenic condition.


The cariostatic effect of calcium glycerophosphate in monkeys.


The effect of sorbitol on the microbiology of dental plaque in monkeys. (M. irus).


Brain lesions and affective behavior in primates: a selected review.


The late effects of mandibular condylectomy.


Erythroblastosis foetalis.

Erythroblastosis foetalis.


Uptake of  3 H-thymidine during artificial feeding of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks infected with Theileria parva.


Assay of plasma from intact and hepatectomized mice on mouse regenerating liver DNA synthesis.


Selective minocycline and rifampin treatment of group C meningococcal carriers in a new naval recruit camp.


Characterization of Brucella abortus strain 19.


The effect of pulsed exposures to rifampin on the uptake of uridine- 14 C by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


Flotation of dispersed inocula with pentane for improved mycobacterial pellicle.


Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory tract infection acquired from a contaminated anesthesia machine.


The effect of some penicillins on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


Protein biosynthesis in the spleen. IV. Decrease in ribosomal-bound ribonuclease following primary immunization.


The killing of sensitive cells by colicin D.


Stimulation of the development of competence by culture fluids in Bacillus subtilis transformation.


Conversion of percentage depth doses from one SSD to another, and calculation of tissue-air ratios.


The variation of percentage depth dose and back-scatter factor with beam quality.


X-rays: 2 MV (constant potential) generators.


4, 6 and 8MV x-rays produced by linear electron accelerators.


X-rays: 15-35 MV generators.

X-rays: 15-35 MV generators.


Electron beams.

Electron beams.


Fast neutron beams.

Fast neutron beams.


Central axis depth dose data for use in radiotherapy. General introduction.


The equivalent field method for axial dose determinations in rectangular fields.


A new cephalosporin derivative, cephradine (TM) , in the treatment of acute infective diseases.


Intravenous clindamycin phosphate in staphylococcal infections.


Benorylate and indomethacin in the treatment of rheumatoid disease: a double-blind clinical trial.


Clinical experience with a concentrated antacid.


A comparison of thioridazine and diazepam in non-psychotic anxiety-depression: a pilot study.


Therapeutic trials and EEG investigations with SCH-12,679 in behaviorally disturbed adolescents.


Deoxyribonucleic acid homologies among some Pseudomonas species. Phylogenetic relationships among a number of strains belonging to the genus Pseudomonas were explored by the use of in vitro deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization. The fluorescent nomenspecies (P. fluorescens, P. putida, P. aeruginosa, P. cichorii, P. syringae, and related species), as well as the nonfluorescent species P. stutzeri, P. mendocina, P. alcaligenes, and P. pseudoalcaligenes, were shown to belong to a single DNA homology complex which is isolated from other Pseudomonas species that have been studied [P. cepacia (= P. multivorans), P. caryophylli, P. marginata (= P. alliicola), P. pseudomallei, P. acidovorans, P. testosteroni, P. solanacearum, P. diminuta, P. facilis, P. delafieldii, P. saccharophila, P. palleronii]. A limited numerical analysis of the phenotypic properties of the examined strains supported, with some exceptions, their previous allocation to nomenspecies and biotypes. The internal structure and nomenclature of the "P. fluorescens homology complex" are discussed.


Bacteriolytic enzymes produced by Myxococcus xanthus. The bacteriolytic activities in the culture fluid of Myxococcus xanthus were purified and separated into six active fractions by the use of Bio-Gel CM-2 and Bio-Gel P-60. These fractions were identified as: (i) an amidase, (ii) a glucosaminidase, (iii) a glucosaminidase and an amidase, (iv) a protease with probable amidase activity, (v) another protease with probable amidase activity, and (vi) a peptidase active on both d-alanyl-diaminopimelate and d-alanyl-lysine peptide bonds. On one occasion, another amidase was eluted from Bio-Gel CM. Preliminary studies on some characteristics of the enzymes and their production during growth are reported.


Number of deoxyribonucleic acid uptake sites in competent cells of Bacillus subtilis. Two direct methods are presented for estimating the average number of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) uptake sites in competent cells of Bacillus subtilis from measurement of (14)C- or (3)H-thymine-labeled DNA uptake by competent culture. Advantage is taken of two facts: (i) effective contact between competent cells and transforming DNA molecules is established within a short time after mixing them together, and (ii) DNA molecules enter the competent B. subtilis cells in a linear fashion at a finite speed. From the number of DNA molecules initially attached to competent cells by brief exposure to transforming DNA in the first method or from the rate of DNA uptake by competent culture in the second method, the average number of DNA uptake sites is calculated to be 20 to 53 per competent cell.


Initiation of spore germination in glycolytic mutants of Bacillus subtilis. Enzyme activities of glycolysis and glyconeogenesis are present in spores of Bacillus subtilis, the rate-limiting step of glucose (GLC) metabolism being its phosphorylation. GLC allows initiation of germination in the presence of fructose (FRU) and asparagine (ASN), not because it is used via the Embden-Meyerhof path, but because it is oxidized in the nonphosphorylated form via the spore-specific GLC dehydrogenase. Spores of mutants lacking GLC-phosphoenolpyruvate transferase, FRU-6-P-kinase, or phosphoglucoisomerase activity can still be initiated by the above substrate combination. Furthermore, GLC can be replaced by 2-deoxy-GLC, which is also oxidized by GLC-dehydrogenase, but not by alpha- or beta-methylglucoside, which are not substrates of this enzyme. GLC probably acts by reducing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), which is used for some metabolic reaction other than the cytochrome-linked electron transport system, since inhibitors of this system do not inhibit initiation. Spores of a mutant lacking FRU-1-P-kinase activity can no longer be initiated by GLC+FRU+ASN, but they do respond to the combination of GLC+mannose+ASN. Since spores of a FRU-6-P-kinase (or phosphoglucoisomerase) mutant can still respond to either FRU or mannose, FRU-6-P (or some derivative) apparently is needed for initiation (in addition to reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and an amino donor). Alanine can initiate germination in spores of all of the above mutants, indicating that it can form all required compounds. However, in a mutant lacking P-glycerate kinase activity, alanine initiates only after a long lag and at a slow rate, indicating that some compound in the upper metabolic subdivision is required for initiation, in agreement with the above findings. All initiating agents of B. subtilis probably produce the same required compound(s) by different metabolic routes.


Regulation of the bacterial cell wall: analysis of a mutant of Bacillus subtilis defective in biosynthesis of teichoic acid. Bacillus subtilis 168ts-200B is a temperature-sensitive mutant of B. subtilis 168 which grows as rods at 30 C but as irregular spheres at 45 C. Growth at the nonpermissive temperature resulted in a deficiency of teichoic acid in the cell wall. A decrease in teichoic acid synthesis coupled with the rapid turnover of this polymer led to a progressive loss until less than 20% of the level found in wild-type rods remained in spheres. Extracts of cells grown at 45 C contained amounts of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and glucosylation of teichoic acids that were equal to or greater than those found in normal rods. Cell walls of the spheres were deficient also in the endogenous autolytic enzyme (N-acyl muramyl-l-alanine amidase). Genetic analysis of the mutant by PBS1-mediated transduction and deoxyribonucleic acid-mediated transformation demonstrated that the lesion responsible for these effects (tag-1) is tightly linked to the genes which regulate the glucosylation of teichoic acid in the mid-portion of the chromosome of B. subtilis.


Effect of growth conditions on morphology of Hydrogenomonas facilis and on yield of a phospholipoprotein. Hydrogenomonas facilis grown heterotrophically on fructose with very low aeration eventually ceased to divide and produced elongated forms. Short forms were obtained from fructose-grown long forms by increasing the availability of oxygen to the organisms. A phospholipoprotein, the protein moiety of which is known to be present in the cell envelope, precipitated upon lowering the ionic strength of extracts from cells in the earlier stages of elongation (i.e., in the middle and late log phase of growth). The maximal yield of the protein moiety of the phospholipoprotein precipitate (i.e., grams of protein/grams of soluble protein x 100) was 2%. Poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid accumulated as growth on fructose progressed, the accumulation being more marked with lower aeration.


Aggregation of deoxyribonucleic acid and the helping effect in transformation. Deoxyribonucleic acid aggregates in the presence of a component of Neopeptone at low ionic strength and thereby loses its ability to bind to competent bacteria. The reversible and concentration-dependent nature of this aggregation is the basis of the helping effect in transformation.


Effect of carbon source on size and associated properties of Bacillus megaterium spores. The size of the spores produced by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 19213 depended upon the nature of the carbon source present in the defined medium in which they were produced. Homogeneous preparations of small (0.38 mum(3)), nearly spherical spores were produced after batch culture in the presence of 2.8 mm citrate, and large (1.17 mum(3)), oblong spores were produced by replacement culture in the presence of 7.35 mm acetate. Large and small spores had approximately the same deoxyribonucleic acid content, density, and heat resistance. Large spores contained about 2.5 times the dipicolinic acid, glucosamine, ribonucleic acid, Mn(2+), and lipid and about 1.5 times the Mg(2+), Fe(2+), Ca(2+), and dry weight of small spores. Large spores were especially enriched in Zn(2+) (4.5-fold). More protein (1.5-fold) was extracted from small spores with 1 n NaOH than from large spores, possibly indicating a difference in the spore coats, but large spores contained about twice the Kjeldahl nitrogen of small spores. A difference in the coats may account for the fact that, unlike small spores, large spores showed improved germination with increased times and temperature of heat shocking. The possibility of determining the location of some of these substances within the spore by comparing the compositional ratios with estimated volumes of specific spore layers is discussed.


Relationship between age of culture and occurrence of the pigments of photosystem II of photosynthesis in heterocysts of a blue-green alga. Microspectrophotometric examination of the pigments in vivo of heterocysts of Anabaena sp. L-31 has shown that most heterocysts of 2-day-old cultures possess only very small amounts, if any, of c-phycocyanin, allo-phycocyanin, and c-phycoerythrin, the main pigments comprising photosystem II of photosynthesis. The quantities of these pigments, however, increase with age of cultures, and by the end of 5 days the majority of heterocysts contain comparatively large amounts. The culmination of this sequential development is observed in most heterocysts of 7- to 15-day-old cultures when the full complement of photosystem II pigments is present. The spectral characteristics at this stage are similar to those of vegetative cells and suggest a dedifferentiation of heterocysts.


Mutagen stability of alkylation-sensitive mutants of Bacillus subtilis. A series of mutations of Bacillus subtilis, conferring sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), were transferred by transformation to a suppressible his(-) stock. The introduction of certain sensitivity mutations prevented the ultraviolet- or MMS-induced, but not the spontaneous, reversion of his(-) to his(+). Not all sensitivity mutations led to this resistance to mutagenesis; a strain with altered deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase activity behaved almost normally with respect to its mutagen response, as did an excision-defective, ultraviolet-sensitive strain used as a control. One of the mutagen-stable strains responded to mutagenesis with nitrosomethylguanidine; another appeared stable even to this mutagen. All mutagen-stable strains had DNA polymerase and DNA ligase activity.


Characterization of S-adenosylmethionine: ribosomal ribonucleic acid-adenine (N 6 -) methyltransferase of Escherichia coli strain B. This study is concerned with the isolation and characterization of the enzyme, S-adenosylmethionine:ribosomal ribonucleic acid-adenine (N(6-)) methyl-transferase [rRNA-adenine (N(6)-) methylase] of Escherichia coli strain B, which is responsible for the formation of N(6)-methyladenine moieties in ribosomal ribonucleic acids (rRNA). A 1,500-fold purified preparation of the species-specific methyltransferase methylates a limited number of adenine moieties in heterologous rRNA (Micrococcus lysodeikticus and Bacillus subtilis) and methyl-deficient homologous rRNA. The site recognition mechanism does not require intact 16 or 23S rRNA. The enzyme does not utilize transfer ribonucleic acid as a methyl acceptor nor does it synthesize 2-methyladenine or N(6)-dimethyladenine moieties. Mg(2+), spermine, K(+), and Na(+) increase the reaction rate but not the extent of methylation; elevated concentrations of the cations inhibit markedly. The purified preparations utilize 9-beta-ribosyl-2,6-diaminopurine (DAPR) as a methyl acceptor with the synthesis of 9-beta-ribosyl-6-amino-2-methylaminopurine. A comparison of the two activities demonstrated that one methyltransferase is responsible for the methylation of both DAPR and rRNA. This property provides a sensitive assay procedure unaffected by ribonucleases and independent of any specificity exhibited by rRNA methyl acceptors.


Control of fatty acid synthesis in bacteria. When glycerol-requiring auxotrophs of Bacillus subtilis are deprived of glycerol, the synthesis of fatty acids continues at an apparent rate of 20 to 50% that of supplemented cultures. The newly synthesized fatty acids are not incorporated into phospholipid and accumulate as free fatty acids. These molecules undergo a much more rapid turnover than phospholipid fatty acids, and the rate of turnover is sufficient to indicate that the rate of fatty acid synthesis in glycerol-deprived cultures is similar to that in supplemented ones. The average chain length of the free fatty acids is greater than that of the phospholipid fatty acids. Cells deprived of required amino acids also show a diminution in the apparent rate of fatty acid synthesis; however, in this case, the fatty acids accumulate in phospholipid, and no increase of the free fatty acid fraction is observed. It is argued on the basis of these findings that the control of lipid synthesis does not operate at the level of transacylation but must act on one or more of the reactions of the fatty acid synthetase.


Infection of pigs with bovine viral diarrhoea virus.


Thyroiditis in the marmoset (Callithrix spp. and Saguinus spp.).


Prolonged gestation in ewes ingesting Veratrum californicum: morphological changes and steroid biosynthesis in the endocrine organs of cyclopic lambs.


Immunopathogenesis of acute central nervous system disease produced by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. I. Cyclophosphamide-mediated induction by the virus-carrier state in adult mice. A single dose of 150 mg/g of cyclophosphamide (CY), given 3 days after intracerebral (i.c.) inoculation of lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus, protected over 90% of adult BALB/c mice against acutely fatal choriomeningitis. Surviving mice became persistently infected carriers, with high virus titers in blood and brain. Immunofluorescent examination of the brain showed that in CY-induced carriers infection was initially confined to the choroid plexus, ependyma, and leptomeninges, but over the next 30 days gradually spread to the neural parenchyma, most notably to the molecular layer of the cerebellum. By contrast, LCM virus-carrier mice produced by neonatal virus injection and examined as adults, showed a much less marked infection of choroid plexus and much more widespread infection of parenchyma, with a different distribution among brain nuclei, including heavy infection of the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum.


Cellular immunoabsorbents in transplantation immunity. Specific in vitro deletion and recovery of mouse lymphoid cells sensitized against allogeneic tumors. Mouse lymphoid cells, sensitized against tumor allografts, can be deprived of the immunoreactive cells by in vitro absorption with specific fibroblast monolayers. Populations of lymphocytes so depleted are less effective in retarding tumor growth in vivo and in lysing tumor cells in vitro. Moreover, the adsorbed immunoreactive cells can be recovered specifically and are subsequently efficient in inhibiting tumor growth in vivo and in killing tumor cells in vitro. Further evidence is presented for the suggestion that the destruction of target cells in vitro by sensitized lymphoid cells is truly representative of the mode of destruction of grafted cells in vivo.


Immunopathogenesis of acute central nervous system disease produced by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. II. Adoptive immunization of virus carriers. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus carriers were established by intracerebral inoculation of adult BALB/c mice followed by a single dose of cyclophosphamide (CY) (150 mg/kg) 3 days after infection, and by intracerebral injection within 24 hr of birth. These carriers were then adoptively immunized with spleen cells or serum from immune or normal BALB/c donors. Transfer of immune spleen cells into drug-induced carriers consistently resulted in acutely fatal choriomeningitis, histologically strikingly similar to classical LCM. Normal spleen cells or immune serum failed to produce either central nervous system (CNS) pathology or illness with any regularity. In addition, focal necrosis of the cerebellum was seen after adoptive immunization of drug-induced carriers but only when mice received cells at least 3 wk after inoculation, which is probably explained by the gradual spread of infection from membranes to the neural parenchyma during the first month after establishment of the carrier state in adult mice. Immune spleen cells, when transferred to neonatal carriers, led to a decrease in virus titers in blood and brains and to development of antibody without acute CNS disease. It appears that the production of fatal choriomeningitis after LCM infection is determined in part by the distribution of viral antigen, and this is markedly different in neonatal and drug-induced carriers at the time of cell transfer. Another factor of potential importance is the much higher level of circulating viral antigen in the plasma of neonatal than in that of drug-induced LCM carriers. Classical LCM disease can only be transferred by immune lymphoid cells and not by antiserum. Furthermore, little or no complement-fixing (CF) antibody was found in the plasma of mice dying of acute choroiditis. These observations strongly suggest that acute choroiditis is dependent upon the cell-mediated immune response.


Anicteric hepatitis presenting as polyarthritis.


Drug abuse and viral hepatitis in Marines.


Disodium cromoglycate (Rynacrom) in the treatment of nasal allergy in children.


Brucellosis in the horse.

Brucellosis in the horse.


Electron microscope studies of microgametogenesis in Coccidia and related groups.


Effect of Triton X-100 on sweet potato  -amylase.


Limitations in the use of Dixon plots to evaluate enzyme inhibition.


Substrate inactivation of fructose-I,6-diphosphate aldolase from Bacillus stearothermophilus.


Human pancreatic enzymes: properties of two minor forms of chymotrypsin.


The ascorbate oxidase activity of caeruloplasmin.


Relationships among the multiple molecular forms of rat liver glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase.


Should tuberculosis be eradicated from all species?


Laboratory assessment of diabetic pregnancy. A brief review.


Laboratory responsibility in the diagnosis of mycobacterial disease.


A chronically implanted liquid delivery system for restrained primates.


Avoidance response rates during a pre-food stimulus in monkeys. Free-operant avoidance responding was maintained by a shock avoidance schedule in three monkeys. The frequency of avoidance responses during a stimulus terminated by response-independent food pellet presentation was dependent upon the method of pellet delivery. Avoidance rates were relatively increased when food retrieval responses followed pellet delivery. Avoidance rates were decreased when retrieval responses preceded pellet delivery.


Decreased skin-test reactivity associated with influenza.


Serial transmission in rhesus monkeys of an agent related to hepatitis-associated antigen.


Diabetic ketoacidosis in childhood.

Diabetic ketoacidosis in childhood.


Scrapie: a prototype slow infection.

Scrapie: a prototype slow infection.


Bilateral renal artery stenosis in association with neurofibromatosis (Recklinghausen's disease): report of two cases.


Peripheral alimentation of the small premature infant.


Impedance changes in deep brain structures following experimental head impact in primates.


A double-blind investigation of hydergine in the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency in the elderly.


A case of the Hunter syndrome with progeny.


A novel transducing phage. Its role in recognition of a possible new host-controlled modification system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


The genetics of a new mutable allele at the white locus in Drosophila melanogaster.


Difference in the proportion of DNA specific to ribosomal RNA between adults and larvae of Drosophila melanogaster.


Chemical modification of cell death in the Bar eye of Drosophila.


Some parameters of mitotic recombination in Drosophila melanogaster.


Effect of caffeine on the recombination process of Bacillus subtilis.


Formation of catechol compounds from phenylalanine and tyrosine with isolated nerve endings.


A comparison of malarial antigens from human and Aotus monkey blood infected with Plasmodium falciparum.


The use of a simple test of attention as a measure of drug effects in schizophrenic patients.


Drug metabolism.

Drug metabolism.


A microtubule model for ingestion and transport in the suctorian tentacle.


Macrocyclic polyethers and their complexes.


Signal transducers: terra incognita of molecular biology.


The fine structure of oogonia and oocytes in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).


Separation of Treponema pallidum from tissue substances by continuous-flow zonal centrifugation. The zonal ultracentrifuge was used for separation of Treponema pallidum from large volumes of rabbit testicular syphiloma extracts by continuous-flow centrifugation in a cesium chloride density gradient. The gradient was linear with radius from a density of 1.05 to 1.36 g/ml. Operating speeds were 15,000 rev/min for the continuous-flow phase and 25,000 rev/min for a 30-min banding period. A total of 9 x 10(9) (24.3%) treponemes were recovered from the original extract. Of the treponemes recovered, 88% formed a band at a density of 1.170 to 1.211 g/ml. Within the limits of present methods of assay, these fractions were relatively free from testicular particulates and protein when compared with treponemes recovered after differential centrifugation. Observations of the isolated fractions by dark-field and electron microscopy indicated a lack of gross morphological damage to T. pallidum. Their antigenic characteristics were also retained, as evidenced by their ability to react with syphilitic sera in the indirect fluorescent-antibody procedure.


Detection of chlamydial antibodies in animal sera by double diffusion in gel. Postinoculation sera collected from pigeons, turkeys, guinea pigs, sheep, a calf, a rabbit, and a horse experimentally infected with various strains of Chlamydia psittaci yielded a high incidence of positive reactions when tested by double diffusion in gel. Antigen was a deoxycholate extract of SA-2 strain of C. trachomatis. Good correlation was obtained with results of complement fixation tests, whereas double diffusion in gel was less sensitive. Immunoelectrophoresis of the antigen revealed presence of two antigens in the extract.


Influence of serum and calcium on the bactericidal activity of gentamicin and carbenicillin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Because calcium was found to be antagonistic in vitro to the activity of colistin and polymyxin B on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the effects of calcium and serum on gentamicin and carbenicillin were also examined. Serum was antagonistic to gentamicin in antibiotic tube dilution tests on five strains of P. aeruginosa. Serum was not antagonistic to carbenicillin in tube dilution tests. Physiologic concentrations of calcium antagonized the activity of gentamicin but not carbenicillin. The antagonism observed with gentamicin was less than that previously seen with colistin. The antagonistic effect of calcium and serum was removed by a chelating agent. Gentamicin and carbenicillin may be more active in vivo against P. aeruginosa than colistin or polymyxin B.


Serum immunoglobulins and food antibodies in suspected coeliac disease.


Rapid simultaneous radioimmunoassay for triiodothyronine and thyroxine in unextracted serum.


Growth of mixed cultures of autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms.


Analysis by gas chromatography of hydroxy acids produced by several species of Neisseria.


A toxic substance from Aspergillus viridi-nutans.


Transport systems for organic acids induced in the marine pennate diatom, Cylindrotheca fusiformis.


Growth and development of the fetal rhesus monkey. 3. Maturation and linear growth of the skull and appendicular skeleton.


Equine secretory IgA and secretory component.


Autoclaving: a modification in the preparation of tissue culture medium 199.


The effect of laundry detergent containing B. subtilis enzyme in producing sensitization reactions in guinea pigs.


Immunological analyses of birch pollen antigens, with special reference to the allergenic components.


Adjuvance in the Cebus monkey.

Adjuvance in the Cebus monkey.


The origin of fibrin breakdown products and the interpretation of their appearance in the circulation. It has been shown that the incubation of human plasma with urokinase at a concentration sufficient to cause rapid lysis of the clots formed on the addition of thrombin does not give rise to the production of measurable concentrations of non-clottable fibrinogen breakdown products. Also, breakdown products could not be detected in the course of experiments in vivo when urokinase was administered to monkeys and only in very low concentrations when a fibrinolytic state was induced by exercise in three healthy human volunteers. In contrast, high concentrations of breakdown products were found after thrombin infusion into monkeys. It is concluded that circulating fibrinogen is not readily broken down into non-clottable products by the fibrinolytic enzymes, and that normal animals and healthy human subjects do not have substantial deposits of fibrin that are available for breakdown during a fibrinolytic episode. The presence of breakdown products in the circulation is therefore likely to be indicative of the fibrinolytic response to an initial coagulation event.


Manipulative and inherent errors in anti-D quantitation using the AutoAnalyzer. The limits of accuracy for the quantitation of anti-D using the AutoAnalyzer have been reduced from +/- 26% with manually prepared dilutions to +/- 14% using an automatic pipette, as expressed by the 95% confidence limits. The error inherent in the AutoAnalyzer was estimated to contribute +/- 10% to the overall error. Problems associated with the reproducibility of this method for anti-D quantitation have been investigated, namely, the effect of the age of a given test cell, the use of different test cells, loss of sensitivity of the machine over a given day, and the reproducibility of results obtained at different positions on the standard graph.


The adverse effect of bromelin in anti-D quantitation using the AutoAnalyzer. With eight of 32 sera significantly higher estimations of anti-D concentration were obtained when test cells premodified with bromelin were used instead of bromelin as a reagent added to the reaction manifold. With one serum the difference in estimation, using the two techniques, revealed a ten-fold discrepancy. The consequences of these findings are discussed in relation to the use of the AutoAnalyzer for the quantitation of anti-D.


Evaluation of an automatic platelet counting system utilizing whole blood. Technicon's newly developed platelet AutoCounter utilizes an electro-optical system which detects and counts particles by sensing the scattering of light which occurs when blood cells flow through the illuminated sensing chamber of a micro-optical system. The system utilizes whole blood collected into EDTA. Blood samples, which can be handled at the rate of 40 per hour, are diluted with 2M urea which in addition causes lysis of the erythrocytes. The haemolysate thus obtained is delivered to the particle counter after a two-minute reaction time, the cell count finally being displayed on a continuous chart recorder. An evaluation of this machine has been carried out in the Department of Haematology, the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, on hospital specimens from patients suffering from a wide variety of diseases. The results of this evaluation are presented. Reproducibility studies indicate a coefficient of variation of 4% at any platelet level. The percentage drift per sample ranges from +0.4 to -0.4% of the total count. Carry-over and departures from linearity are statistically significant; however, the magnitude of these deviations is not sufficient to cause concern in routine use. Acceptable agreement is noted between machine counts and the counts obtained by technicians using phase-contrast microscopy with the exception of two anomalous individuals. Discrepant counts were noted in patients with elevation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and also in patients with disturbance of immunoglobulins. A modification to the sampling probe which eliminates the former problem is described. The AutoCounter described in this paper provides a fast, reliable, and accurate service laboratory platelet counting system.


The lethal effect of tryptone-soya broth. Overnight cultures of V. cholerae, V. el tor, non-cholera vibrio, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in tryptone-soya broth (with 5% blood added for the last-named) failed to grow on subculture despite visible growth in all tubes. Viable counts and pH determinations of overnight cultures of various species in tryptone-soya broth, brain-heart infusion broth, and Lab-Lemco peptone broth show that death in tryptone-soya broth is associated with the drop in pH resulting from fermentation of glucose in the medium and that this drop is greater than that produced by the same amount of glucose in brain-heart infusion broth. Some strains of pneumococci failed to grow in brain-heart infusion broth and it is suggested that both these media are unsuitable for blood cultures.


The T 4 -free thyroxine index as a test of thyroid function of first choice. The T(4)-free thyroxine index was used as the thyroid function test of first choice in a district general hospital for one year. Ninety-two patients were assessed both initially and at follow up by a single physician. The index agreed with clinical assessment in 69 out of 74 patients in whom diagnosis was unequivocal. There was initial doubt about thyroid status in 14 patients; after re-assessment the index agreed with status in seven cases, in three cases there is still some uncertainty, whilst the index was at variance with clinical status in four patients. Some possible causes of discrepancy between clinical thyroid status and the index are a low index in euthyroid patients due to a fall in serum thyroxine-binding prealbumin (;sick euthyroid'), a raised index in euthyroid patients due to latent thyroid heart disease, and a normal index in thyrotoxicosis due to preferential secretion of triiodothyronine.


Recovery from a partial Klüver-Bucy syndrome in the monkey produced by disconnection.


Delayed-response performance as a function of sensory stimulation in the squirrel and owl monkey.


51 Cr-EDTA biological half life as an index of renal function.


Synthesis and distribution of a radiolabeled antitumor agent: cis-diamminedichloroplatinum. II.


Myocardial tuberculoma in a chacma baboon (Papio ursinus Kerr, 1792).


Repeated general anaesthesia in macaques by intramuscular methohexitone sodium.


Immune deficiency states associated with malignant disease in man.


Atrioventricular-node inflammation--mechanism of sudden death in protracted meningococcemia.


C 1 3 and IgG levels in mothers and babies at delivery.


Families under stress. The diagnosis of Hurler's syndrome.


Reinforcing properties of some opiates and opioids in rhesus monkeys with histories of cocaine and codeine self-administration.


Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.


Primary duodenal carcinoma developing from polyposis.


Structure and function of the kidney in multiple myeloma.


Pulmonary and oartic hypoplasia (Pseudotruncus arteriosus) and persistence of the common arterial trunk (Truncus arteriosus) in the dog and the pig.


Inspiratory concentrations of O2, N2, and N2O, arterial oxygenation and acid-base status during closed system halothane anaesthesia in the horse.


Canine systemic lupus erythematosus treated with prednisone.


Anatomical and micromorphological changes in cerebral congenital blindness in calves.


The arteries of the pelvic limb of the cat (Felis domesticus).


Hydrops fetalis in the dog; a record of ten cases.


The role of Cl -  and other anions in active Na +  transport in isolated frog skin.


Immunoglobulins in carcinoma of the uterine cervix.