Pancreatic acinar cells: membrane potential and resistance change evoked by acetylcholine. 1. Membrane potential and input resistance measurements were made on segments of pancreas from mice or rats, whereas potential measurements alone were made on pancreas from cats or rabbits placed in a tissue bath which was perfused with a Krebs-Henseleit solution.2. The acinar cell membrane potential was about -40 mV and the input resistance 4-8 MOmega. Spontaneous miniature depolarization potentials were occasionally observed superimposed upon the resting potential. In these cases synchronous reductions in input resistance were observed.3. The immediate effect of stimulation with ACh was always a depolarization and a concomitant reduction in input resistance and time constant. In some cases a secondary depolarization was observed accompanied by an increase in input resistance. The time constant, however, remained as short as in the first phase of depolarization.4. In the rabbit pancreas ACh evoked biphasic potential changes: depolarization followed by hyperpolarization. A similar pattern could sometimes also be observed in the mouse pancreas following a brief pulse of ACh addition. In these cases the depolarization was followed by a small but relatively long lasting hyperpolarization. The depolarization was accompanied by a reduction in input resistance.5. Pancreozymin caused depolarization of the acinar cell membrane and a marked reduction in input resistance and time constant.6. In the presence of atropine (1.4 x 10(-6)M) depolarization of the acinar cell membrane by an elevated K concentration (50 mM) in the bathing fluid did not reduce the input resistance.7. It is concluded that the two physiological stimulants of pancreatic protein secretion, ACh and pancreozymin, act on the acinar cells by increasing the permeability of the plasma membrane.


Proceedings: Motility studies of the rabbit's large intestine.


Complementary lowering of the behavioural and physiological thermoregulatory set-points by tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin in the cat. 1. Injections of tetrodotoxin or saxitoxin (25 ng in 0.10 ml.) into a lateral cerebral ventricle caused deep body temperature of cats to fall approximately the same amount (2 degrees C) whether the animals were resting in the cold (4 degrees C) or were responding to escape heat.2. Continuous exposure to heat either prevented the hypothermic response or enhanced the level of tachypnoea required to lower body temperature. Tetrodotoxin also caused hypothermia when an animal was lever pressing to obtain heat in the cold environment.3. These results provide evidence that agents which alter the set-point for physiological thermoregulatory activity produce a complementary shift in the behavioural set-point as well.


Proceedings: Fractionation and assay of chicken porlactin.


An uptake mechanism for L-noradrenaline in the cat spleen, associated with the nerves but distinct from uptake. 1. The characteristics of the uptake of [(3)H]L-noradrenaline from 1 mug pulses injected close arterially to the isolated blood perfused cat spleen are described.2. The spleen took up 355.0+/-16.0 ng from a first pulse and 321.1+/-43.6 ng from a second.3. Uptake from a second pulse was 254.0+/-30.3 ng in the presence of the Uptake(1) inhibitor desmethylimipramine (DMI) (3.3 x 10(-5)M) and the Uptake(2) inhibitor 17-beta-oestradiol (17beta0) (1.8 x 10(-4)M).4. Uptake from small 10 ng pulses was also insensitive to DMI and 17beta0.5. Uptake from pulses was abolished by surgical denervation of the spleen, or pre-treatment with phenoxybenzamine (PBA) (8.8 x 10(-5)M).6. The pulse uptake process was impaired by omission of red cells from the perfusate.7. Stimulation of the splenic nerves at 3Hz halved the pulse uptake.8. Uptake from infusion in the presence of DMI and 17beta0 occurred only during the first few minutes of the infusion.9. It is concluded that an uptake process for L-noradrenaline distinct from Uptakes(1) and (2) is present in the spleen and this might be important physiologically.


Intracellular pH of snail neurones measured with a new pH-sensitive glass mirco-electrode. 1. The construction and properties of a new design of pH-sensitive micro-electrode are described. The electrodes are very durable, and have a recessed configuration so that only the extreme tip, which can be as small as 1 mum in diameter, needs to enter the cell.2. The average intracellular pH in thirty-two snail neurones was 7.4. This was not in accord with a passive distribution of H(+) ions across the cell membrane.3. Changing membrane potential or external pH had only slow effects on internal pH.4. Removing external K had no effect, and removing external Na had only slow and variable effects on intracellular pH.5. Anoxia, azide and DNP all caused a slow fall in internal pH.6. External CO(2) caused large and rapid decreases in internal pH, which external bicarbonate appeared to offset slowly. Injected bicarbonate increased internal pH.7. The size of the pH changes caused by CO(2) suggested a minimum intracellular buffering power of 25 m-equiv H(+)/unit pH per l., equivalent to that of 150 mM Tris maleate, pH 7.4.8. External ammonia caused a large and rapid increase in internal pH, while the injection of ammonium ions had the opposite effect.


Proceedings: The use of a Thiry Vella loop of jejunum to measure calcium absorption rate in conscious pigs.


Proceedings: Apparatus for the study of the effects of impulsive forces on man.


Proceedings: The relationship to age of indices of leg muscle and estimated fat-free mass in adult females.


Proceedings: A preparation for the study of intra-abdominal sensory-receptors.


Proceedings: Demonstration of a technique for the treatment of intractable motion sickness.


Proceedings: Effect of ablation of the pituitary gland on the diuresis from atrial receptors.


Proceedings: Correlation of a cardiovascular reflex response with the auditory evoked potential in the dog during changes of depths of anaesthesia.


Proceedings: A method for measurement of changes in abdominal vascular capacity.


Proceedings: Single unit activity in renal nerves and its modification by changes in activity in left atrial receptors and baroreceptors.


Proceedings: Venous and arterial responses in a vascularly isolated dog hind limb.


Proceedings: The morphological variation of nervous structures in the atrial endocardium of the dog.


Proceedings: On-line computer facility servicing three laboratories.


Proceedings: Demonstration of a technique for the continuous determination of oxygen consumption.


Proceedings: The use of small departmental computers in teaching and research.


Proceedings: Decline with age of cardiac frequency during submaximal exercise in healthy women.


Proceedings: Effect of thyroxine on the body temperature after its intraventricular injection into conscious cats.


Proceedings: The rested state contraction and action potential of cat papillary muscle.


Proceeding: (14C)carboxyl inulin distribution and solute exchanges in incubated slices of rat renal medulla.


Proceedings: Circulatory and electrolyte changes during hyperthermia to 42 degrees C.


Proceedings: Micro-tremor of the eyes as an index of motor unit activity, and of the functional state of the brain stem.


Proceedings: Direction selective sub-regions in striate simple cell receptive fields.


Proceedings: Chromatophore fields in the skin of the octopus.


Proceedings: Light-scattering associated with the short-range elastic component of resting frog's muscle.


Proceedings: Aspects of bile secretion in the rabbit.


Proceedings: The effect of long-term stimulation of fast muscles on their ability to withstand fatigue.


Proceedings: Impedance spectra change across the aortic valve at different heart rates in the sheep.


Proceedings: Fluid pump of type J receptors of the cat.


Proceedings: The pharmacology of the rat Renshaw cell recurrent collateral pathway.


Proceedings: The duration of inspiration during changing states of ventilation in man.


Proceedings: Serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity: exercise-induced elevation in human subjects.


Proceedings: An evaluation of cupulometry as a predictor of susceptibility to motion sickness.


Proceedings: Effect of calcium on the potential and resistance change of the pancreatic acinar cell membrane during the action of acetylcholine.


Proceedings: Reduction of baroreceptor impulse activity by sympathetic nerve stimulation.


Proceedings: Interactions between afferent impulses within a peripheral receptive field.


Proceedings: The effects of a meat meal on glomerular filtration rate and urea excretion in the conscious dog.


Renal excretion of K+ by the conscious dog.


Proceedings: The effects of hypoxia on the tuning of single cochlear nerve fibres.


Proceedings: The action of gastrin-like polypeptides on the peristaltic reflex in guinea-pig intestine.


Proceedings: Gastric relaxation in the dog in response to feedings.


Proceedings: The trophic influence of cholecystokinin on the rat pancreas.


Proceedings: The inhibitory effect of pentagastrin on intestinal calcium absorption.


Proceedings: Stimulation of calcitonin secretion by strontium.


Proceedings: Prostaglandins and intestinal function.


Proceedings: Dietary sugars and the maximum absorptive capacity of the small intestine; further evidence for multiple hexose transfer mechanisms.


Role of lysosomal damage in the development of pumonary oxygen poisoning.


Endogenous inhibition of fibrinolysis in patients with severe burns.


A combined endo- and total hip prosthesis with trunnion-bearing. The Christiansen prosthesis.


Impedance plethysmography. A methodological study for monitoring venous flow and venous occlusive disease in the lower limbs.


Total hip replacement with a new trunnion-bearing prosthesis (the Christiansen prosthesis). A report on the prosthesis and the early results.


Traumatization of the abdominal serosa. A comparison between non-woven and cotton abdominal swabs.


Portal pressure change after injection of bradykinin and vasopressin in celiac and superior mesenteric artery.


Effect of glucagon on total liver blood flow in hemorrhagic shock.


Staging laparotomy with splenectomy in Hodgin's disease.


Acidosis and increased plasma levels of beta-D-glucosidase and beta-D-galactosidase after hepatic inflow occlusion in the pig.


Non-malignant gallbladder disease in the aged.


Incidence of granuloma in Crohn's disease.


Undialyzable growth factors for Lactobacillus bifidus var. pennsylvanicus. Protective effect of sialic acid bound to glycoproteins and oligosaccharides against bacterial degradation.


Fluorescent labelling of polynucleotides by 9-bromomethylanthracene.


Perfected physiotherapeutic equipment.

Perfected physiotherapeutic equipment.


Immunochemical homologies among vertebrate lactate-dehydrogenase isozymes.


The lastest in dosimetry of UHF-therapy procedures.


Selection of some output parameters of apparatus for electrical stimulation of the intestine.


Transmitters for ultrasonic therapy apparatus.


Type LOR-1A ultrasonic otorhinolaryngologic apparatus.


"Polyus-1" apparatus for low-frequency magnetotherapy.


Contrast in X-ray television systems.

Contrast in X-ray television systems.


Some problems in the design of pneumatic aerosol inhalers.


Sorption in the sterilization of elastic polymers with ethylene oxide vapor.


Principal results from the use of ultrasonic diagnosis in obstetrics.


Electrical aspirator for drainage.

Electrical aspirator for drainage.


Cryosurgical apparatus for urology and cryosurgical instrument for neurosurgery.


Removal of steam during sterilization.

Removal of steam during sterilization.


Genetic counseling: an appraisal.

Genetic counseling: an appraisal. To assess the impact of genetic counseling interviews with former recipients of the counseling (consultands) in the Genetic Counseling Clinic of the University of Colorado were conducted.  It was found that the interviews, as compared with questionnaire alone, with 87 couples provided the best insights and interchange of ideas.  A correlation was established between social class, which included educational levels, and understanding but no correlation between understanding and degree of risk.  The majority of consultands retained the information over extended periods of time.  Over 1/2 of the consultands (56 of 101) found the counseling helpful.  A positive correlation existed between the degree of satisfaction and level of understanding.  41 couples were influenced in their family planning by the genetic counseling.  Genetic counseling was of limited effectiveness when the counselor was unable to satisfy the expectations of the consultand for enlightenment about the cause of problems, particularly those of unknown etiology.  Counselees' most frequent suggestion for improved effectiveness was to expand knowledge about the availability of counseling services.  They also felt that 3-6 months were needed for couples to adjust to the discovery of a birth defect before counseling information could be assimilated.


Cerebellar ataxia and total albinism: a kindred suggesting pleitotropism or linkage.


Incidence of chromosome aberrations in a child psychiatric hospital.


The genetic entity of hypochondroplasia.


Idiopathic haemochromatosis: an autosomal recessive disease.


Idiopathic haemochromatosis and diabetes mellitus.


Case report of an extra, small, acrocentric chromosome in a non-mongoloid girl.


An infant with an XXXYY karyotype.

An infant with an XXXYY karyotype.


The so-called 'Moyamoya disease'.

The so-called 'Moyamoya disease'. In addition to occlusion of the distal part and branches of the internal carotid artery in two adult patients, angiography revealed a fine vascular network on the convex surface and at the base of the brain, identical with the angiographic picture of `Moyamoya disease'. On the basis of the pathological examinations, the occlusion of the cerebral blood vessels was caused by arteriosclerosis in both cases. The causes and conditions of development of the `Moyamoya' picture are discussed. In the authors' opinion, this is not an independent disease: under the conditions described the characteristic pattern may develop in any type of vascular occlusion as a special form of accessory circulation in the cerebral areas the blood supply of which has been impaired.


Disease with abnormal intracranial vascular network complicated with intracerebral haematoma. A case of so-called Japanese cerebrovascular disease in association with intracerebral haematoma is presented. The patient had had no neurological symptoms before the onset, in spite of an extensive intracranial occlusive vascular process. Diagnosis was established preoperatively and massive haematoma was surgically evacuated from the left frontal lobe. The postoperative course was uneventful and residual neurological deficit was minimal.


Cerebral embolism and mitral stenosis: survival with and without anticoagulants. Eighty-four patients with mitral stenosis and cerebral embolism have been followed up for 20 years. Half of the series (those treated in the early years) had no anticoagulant treatment and half were given long-term warfarin therapy. Mortality rate and causes of death have been reviewed, and comparison of survival times of treated and untreated groups by life-table analysis bears out the immediate need for anticoagulants when a diagnosis of systemic embolism is established. It is wise to continue the treatment for six months but it may be reasonable to discontinue it after one year with patients who can be assured of regular review.


L-dopa and arousal.

L-dopa and arousal. In 10 patients with Parkinsonism, treatment with L-dopa was associated with a rise in the skin conductance level and its fluctuations, an increased electromyographic activity in the frontalis muscle, and with faster reaction times. The change of skin conductance in response to a loud noise also increased and its habituation to the repetition of the stimulus was delayed. One patient developed a schizophreniform psychosis and showed high arousal and absent habituation. It is possible that dopamine is the transmitter associated with the arousal reaction and that it plays a part in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.


Cerebral blood flow and oxygen uptake, and cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry in severe coma. Thirty-eight patients in coma due to head trauma, cerebrovascular accidents, hypoxia, hypoglycaemia, or barbiturate intoxication, and 15 cases of brain death were studied. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO(2)) was obtained from the arteriovenous oxygen difference and cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured by intra-arterial (133)Xenon method. If hypothermia and CNS depressants were excluded, CMRO(2) below one-third of normal was incompatible with regaining of consciousness, but this was seen in only three comatose patients. Irrespective of the clinical outcome (death, vegetative survival, or recovery), CMRO(2) values of one-third to two-thirds of normal were seen in the majority of coma patients. CMRO(2) measurements were of no practical value to predict the prognosis in coma, even when the effect of temperature and sedatives were considered. In brain death the CBF studies gave indirect evidence of cerebral circulatory arrest. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was obtained for analysis of lactate, pyruvate, and bicarbonate in 29 cases. Increased CSF lactate levels were found in all groups except barbiturate intoxication. The finding of a negative correlation between CSF bicarbonate and log CBF suggests that the CSFpH determines the wide range of CBF in coma.


The bimodal jitter: a single fibre electromyographic finding. The jitter, obtained by SFEMG recordings, mainly reflects the neuromuscular transmission time variability and is usually Gaussian distributed. Here is reported the bimodal distribution of the interpotential intervals, the flip-flop phenomenon. Long flip-flop in cases of reinnervation may indicate alternatively continuous and saltatory nerve conduction. Short flip-flop in normal subjects may be due to muscle fibre interaction or nerve conduction irregularities.


Comparative trial of benzhexol, amantadine, and levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Fourteen slightly disabled patients with Parkinsonism were treated separately with benzhexol, amantadine, and levodopa. Benzhexol and amantadine both gave a 15% reduction in functional disability and levodopa a 36% reduction. Benzhexol lessened the rigidity and improved the flexion of posture of Parkinson's disease, but had little or no effect on akinesia and tremor. Amantadine and levodopa caused improvement in all these symptoms. The combination of benzhexol and amantadine was as effective after four weeks of treatment as levodopa was after six months.


Attempted use of haloperidol in the treatment of L-dopa induced dyskinesias. Haloperidol was used in 12 patients in an attempt to improve l-dopa induced dyskinesias. In eight patients any improvement in dyskinesias was associated with increased Parkinsonism. In four patients the dyskinesias initially improved without clinical deterioration. Within several weeks, however, the disability due to Parkinsonism increased in these four patients as well. These observations suggest that long term haloperidol does not effectively decrease l-dopa induced dyskinesias without worsening Parkinsonism.


Effect of chocolate in migraine: a double-blind study. The effect of chocolate on a group of volunteer migrainous subjects, who had observed that headache regularly occurred after the ingestion of small amounts of cocoa products, was investigated. Two separate studies were carried out in a double-blind placebo controlled manner. Only 13 headaches occurred to chocolate alone in 80 subject sessions, and only two subjects responded consistently to chocolate in the two studies. This suggests that chocolate on its own is rarely a precipitant of migraine. Other possible implications of the results are also discussed.


Distribution of microglial clusters in the brain after head injury. The brains of 12 cases of head injury have been submitted to gross pathological study and microscopic examination by the Weil-Davenport method, with special reference to the corpus callosum, internal capsules, and brain-stem in each case. Microglial clusters were observed in 11 out of 12 cases, the most common sites for these being the corpus callosum ipsilateral to the external applied force and the internal capsule and brain-stem contralateral to this applied force. This pattern of distribution of lesions remained constant in all cases. The nature, aetiology, and distribution of these lesions is discussed and it is concluded that such lesions arise from the formation of definite patterns of shearing forces which snap axons. These forces arise from the rotational movements set up within the skull resulting from the relative delay of movement of the brain with respect to the skull and dura mater.


Anomalous stress reactions in patients suffering from depression and anxiety. An experiment is reported in which the forearm muscle blood flow of a group of patients with mixed depressions is compared with that of a group of patients with anxiety states. The blood flow was measured under relaxed conditions and during the presentation of a noise `stress'. The measurements obtained under stressed conditions show that, while the blood flow of those with anxiety states fell with repetition of the stress noise, that of the depressive patients increased. A similar pattern was shown by the relaxed measurements but here the difference was not statistically significant. There was also suggestion that stress produced a fall in blood flow in depressive subjects and an increase in patients with anxiety states. These results tend to support the hypothesis that depressive patients show something akin to a freeze response to stress, while patients with anxiety states show an arousal response.


Fibrinolytic activity of the male reproductive organs in man.


Zinc and beta-glucuronidase in the human prostate.


Aneurysms of the posterior communicating artery and oculomotor paresis. One hundred and seventy-four patients with a posterior communicating aneurysm were seen over a 21 year period. There was a ratio of four females to one male and women were on average five years older. Fifty-nine (34%) had an oculomotor paresis. This group had up to four attacks of localized headache, large multiloculated aneurysms, and a greater time lapse from the onset of symptoms to surgery compared with those patients without oculomotor palsy. Delay in treatment allowed further attacks to occur which increased the mortality rate and decreased the chance that the eye would recover. Eighteen people who had had a palsy before craniotomy two to 18 years previously were examined. In four (22%) the paralysis had recovered completely, 14 (78%) had greatly reduced oculomotor function, and nine (50%) showed aberrant regeneration of the nerve. Nine of 62 patients, seven of whom were seen, developed a palsy after craniotomy and in five the eye had returned to normal.


The functional role of adrenergic receptors in the outlet region of the urinary bladder. An in vitro and in vivo study in the cat.


The interaction between cholinergic and adrenergic receptor functions in the outlet region of the urinary bladder. An in vitro study in the cat.


Inhibition of ureteral smooth muscle contraction by vibration: a possible aid at transurethral stone extraction.


The long-term effect of bendroflumethiazide on renal calcium and magnesium excretion and stone formation in patients with recurring renal stones.


Washout urography. Its value in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension.


The single injection technique for determination of renal clearance. I. Clearance of iothalamate and iodohippurate in dogs.


The single injection technique for determination of renal clearance. V. A comparison with the continuous infusion technique in the dog and in man.


Taft-Hartley: what to expect.

Taft-Hartley: what to expect.


Trends in the financing of hospital construction.


An administrator's dilemma-who should attend conventions?


A blueprint for change-part one.

A blueprint for change-part one.


The dual role of the director of nursing.


Food freezing: methods, equipment, and costs of rapid freezing.


Unit-dose dispensing of radiopharmaceuticals.


Calcium and phosphorus content of transitional and mature human milk.


An additive method for airway resistance measurement.


EEG findings in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and other connective tissue diseases in children.


A methodological study of the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis by instrumental neutron activation analysis of sodium in nail clippings.


An enzyme inductor combination for the prevention of hyperbilirubinemia in premature infants.


Renal function in Fallot's tetralogy.

Renal function in Fallot's tetralogy.


A clinical study of the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis by instrumental neutron activation analysis of sodium in nail clippings.


Diagnostic usefulness of the nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction test in a children's hospital.


Pycnodysostosis. Six cases with new symptoms and an autopsy.


Post-natal infarction of the right lobe of the liver.


Letter: Urinary phenylalanine excretion in phenylketonuria and hyperphenylalaninemia.


Letter: Frequency of some metabolic disorders in Poland.


Local perineal actinomycosis.

Local perineal actinomycosis.


Familial ataxic diplegia.

Familial ataxic diplegia.


Cockayne's syndrome in two sisters.

Cockayne's syndrome in two sisters.


Anion-exclusion and anion-exchange chromatography of nucleotides.


An approach for the determination of equilibrium constant of structural motility. Characterization of the fluctuational motion around residue Cys-153 of D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.


Stepwise dissociation of histones from rat-liver chromatin in alkaline solutions.


Distribution of newly synthesized histones during DNA replication.


Synthesis of a protein-reactive ATP analog and its application for the affinity labeling of rabbit-muscle actin.


Energy-dependent reverse electron flow in chloroplasts.


Statistical estimations in enzyme kinetics. The integrated Michaelis equation.


Amphipathic changes in etioplast membranes following illumination.


Purification and characteristics of hybridase (ribonuclease H) from rat-liver cytosol.


Further investigations on the subunit structure of microsomal carboxylesterases from pig and ox livers.


Liquid scintillation counting for plutonium in environmental samples.


Performance characteristics of the multicyclone aerosol sampler.


Determination of job heaviness and heat exposure in two industrial tasks.


Reproducibility of sweep-frequency audiometry.


Preliminary survey of factors affecting the exposure of harvesters to pesticide residues.


An electron microscope study of diagnostic antigens prepared from Anaplasma marginale.


Serological studies on cattle experimentally infected with several species of African trypanosomes.


Experimental animals as monitors in studying transmission and endemicity of Schistosoma mansoni.


The effect of suramin on the immature forms of Onchocerca volvulus in the vertebrate host.


Random sample survey in leprosy control programmes--are they a nuisance?


Human anthrax in Iran. Report of 300 cases and review of literature.


ABO blood groups and Australia antigen.

ABO blood groups and Australia antigen.


Genetic and clinical relevance of haemoglobins screening: results from a survey in a paediatric hospital.


Corneal opacity, microphthalmia, mental retardation, microcephaly and generalized muscular spasticity associated with hyperglycinemia.


Hereditary dextrocardia associated with other congenital heart defects: report of a pedigree.


Total finger ridge count and 45,X mosaicism (with and without Y chromosome).


Lack of chromosomal damaging effects by moderate doses of LSD in vivo.


Cytogenetic studies in Fanconi's anemia. Description of a case with bone marrow clonal evolution.


The neck in the XO and XX-XO mosaic Truner's syndrome.


The effect of RA 233 on platelet function in vitro and after administration to man.


Failed Schilling tests.

Failed Schilling tests.


The Radner needle a bone-marrow biopsy device.


Ribonuclease--ribonuclease inhibitor patterns in lymphocytes of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.


Studies on a conformational change of tobacco ribulose diphosphate carboxylase induced by D-ribulose-1,5-diphosphate.


Physicochemical features of hemoglobin of the crustacean, Triops longicaudatus.


Mutarotase (aldose-1-epimerase) catalyzed anomerization of glucose-6-phosphate.


Thermodynamics of zinc binding to rhodanese.


Enzymic studies of glycol and glycerol lipids containing O-alkyl bonds in liver and tumor tissues.


Comparison of the acid denaturation of several hemoglobins which differ in amino acid sequence.


Subunit heterogeneity of acetylcholinesterase.


A chemical and autoradiographic study of cellulose synthesis during the encystment of Acanthamoeba castellanii.


Studies on the apparent instability of bovine kidney alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.


The influence of ammonium and calcium lons on gluconeogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes and their response to glucagon and epinephrine.


Evidence for electrogenic aspartate transport in rat liver mitochondria.


Sulfur storage in Neurospora: soluble sulfur pools of several developmental stages.


Incomplete oxidation of palmitate and leakage of intermediary products during anoxia.


On the synthesis and degradation of the multiple forms of catalase in mouse liver.


The role of bisulfite in the debromination of 5-bromouracil. The debromination of 5-bromo-5,6-dihydrouracil-6-sulfonate.


Effects of aminooxyacetate on the metabolism of isolated liver cells.


Kinetics and mechanism of catalase action. Formation of the intermediate complex.


Surface tension of amino acid solutions: a hydrophobicity scale of the amino acid residues.


The solubility of fibrinogen in dilute salt solutions.


Identification of two distinct heparin cofactors in human plasma. Separation and partial purification.


Adenosine aminohydrolase inhibition in cosolvent--buffer mixtures.


Interactions of the heavy and light forms of elongation factor I with guanine nucleotides and aminoacyl-tRNA.


Effects of L-dopa and L-tryptophan on the cerebral blood flow in the dog.


Effects of noradrenaline on the cerebral blood flow in the dog.


Multiple sclerosis in the Padova province (Italy). An epidemiological survey.


Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the cerebral blood flow in the dog.


Proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in demented patients.


Effects of dopamine on the cerebral blood flow in the dog.


Cell-free protein synthesis by rat brain in triethyl tin intoxication.


Ultrasound echo-pulsations and geometric change of reflecting intracranial structures.


Propranolol used in prophylaxis of migraine in children.


Dose-response relationship of specific locus mutations in mice.


Ultimate electrophilic carcinogens on cellular nucleophilic reactants. A contribution to the discussion on threshold doses of environmental chemicals.


The role of DNA repair synthesis in chemical carcinogenesis and its relation to mutagenesis.


New approaches to a definition of threshold values for "irreversible" toxic effects?


The relationship between hemagglutinating antibody titers and infection with Toxoplasma gondii in swine.


Group B arbovirus antibodies in sentinel pigs near Jakarta, Indonesia.


Evaluation of Leptospira biflexa antigens for screening human sera by the microscopic agglutination (MA) test in comparison with the sensitized-erythrocyte-lysis (SEL) test.


Serological survey of toxoplasmosis in pigs in the Philippines.


New hosts of Breinlia booliati in wild rats from Sarawak with further observations on its morphology.


Influences of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and chloramphenicol on immunoglobulin and antibody response in typhoid fever.


Occurrence of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in rats of Saigon and surrounding areas.


Experimental infection of Ancylostoma braziliense in dogs and cats in Thailand. I. Morphology, route of infection, worm burden and egg output.


Biological control by trematode antagonism. I. A successful field trial to control Schistosoma spindale in northeast Thailand.


Studies on Paragonimus and paragonimiasis in the Philippines. 3. Prevalence and treatment of human paragonimiasis with bithionol in Jaro, Leyte, Philippines.


Leprosy in Southeast Asia: present position and prospects.


Biological control by trematode antagonism. II. Failure to control Schistosoma spindale in a field trial in northeast Thailand.


Age-grading of Culex pipiens fatigans Wiedemann from different climatic zones in Ceylon.


Selenium sulfide treatment of tinea flava in elementary school children.


Nutritional anaemia in Filipino infants and preschoolers.


Solubility and absorption spectra of complexes resulting from interaction among human albumin, bromcresol green and detergents.


A simple automated method for the assay of pancreatic lipase.


Spectrophotometric submicrogram serum zinc assay: an application for the routine service laboratory.


Preparation of a stable complex of instrinsic factor with sepharose. A rapid and simple procedure.


Simultaneous measurement of Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cu and Zn balances in man.


Amino acid levels in patients with hyperammonaemia and argininosuccinic aciduria.


Determination of cystine excretion by the nitroprusside method during drug therapy of cystinuria.


A comparison of the transphosphorylating activities of human liver and intestinal alkaline phosphatases.


The measurement of total plasma insulin and insulin antibody levels in diabetic children.


A sensitive, specific method for measuring N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (paracetamol) in blood.


A simple procedure for preventing excessive drying of exposed agar gels.


Parkinsonian syndromes. Treatment by association of L-dopa plus decarboxylase inhibitor.


Functional restitution afer cervical avulsion injury with 'typical' myelographic findings.


Portuguese type of familial amyloid polyneuropathy. Anatomo-clinical study of a Brazilian family.


Letter: Binding of trichodermin to mammalian ribosomes and its inhibition by other 12,13-epoxytrichothecenes.


An instrument for nitric oxide measurements in the stratosphere.


Synthesis of DNA and RNA in the quiescent center of the primary root of Calystegia soldanella.


Pseudomonas pseudomallei (Malleomyces pseudomallei) orchitis in a boar.


Screening by thin-layer chromatography of "avium-like" mycobacteria isolated from animals in Sweden.


Influence of intraperitoneal administration of hyperimmune pig serum, IgG and IgM on the development of infection in gnotobiotic piglets infected intranasally with Mycoplasma hyorhinis.


On the immune response in porcine serum and tracheobronchial secretions following experimental infection with Mycoplasma hypopneumoniae.


Vaccinia-like Pox virus identified in a horse with a skin disease.


Synthesis of the sex pheromone of the female Angoumois grain moth and its geometric isomers.


Bioassay and activity of several insect growth regulators on the imported fire ant.


Suppression of populations of tobacco budworms caged with sterile females.


Effect of an insect growth regulator on two parasitoids developing from treated tobacco budworm larvae.


Stability of an aqueous solution of P,P-bis(1-aziridinyl)-N-methylphosphinothioic amide used to sterilize pupae of Anopheles albimanus.


Sex pheromones of Lepidoptera. Development of a method for pheromonal control of Pectinophora gossypiella in cotton.


Gypsy moth: efficacy of aerially-applied Bacillus thuringiensis.


Suppression of Mediterranean fruit flies by oriental fruit flies in mixed infestations in guava.


Wind effects on spread of watermelon mosaic virus 1 from local virus sources to watermelon.


Horn flies: emergence, survival, and sterility after 60Co irradiation of pupae.


Horn flies and stable flies: free-choice feeding of methoprene mineral blocks to cattle for control.


Laboratory and field evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis var. alesti for control of the Orangestriped oakworm.


Acaricide AC 84,633: first trials for control of Boophilus microplus.


Bacillus thuringiensis investigations for control of Heliothis spp. on cotton.


Gamma irradiation for control of insects in wheat flour.


Testing dust masks against a micronized dust: a test method and results.


Camptothecin, a potent chemosterilant against the house fly.


Insect growth regulators: large plot field tests against the stable fly in cattle feedlots.


The doctor and the community he serves.

The doctor and the community he serves.


Cortisol and growth hormone responses to insulin--induced hypoglycaemia in Ugandans.


Determination of quantitative sperm transfer by male tobacco budworms irradiated at different ages.


A study of the diurnal variation of plasma cortisol in normal subjects and hospitalised patients in Zambia.


The effect of pyridoxine, folic acid and ascorbic acid therapy on the incidence of sideroblastic anaemia in Zambians with chloramphenicol treated typhoid. A preliminary report.


Experiences in the management of tetanus neonatorum with particular reference to the role of diazepam.


Amyloidosis at Kenyatta National Hospital.


Clinical Mel B, resistance in Rhodesian sleeping sickness.


Single dose treatment of hookworm in Murang'a district.


Haematemesis and melaena at the Kenyatta National Hospital.


Alternate treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.


Diagnostic criteria of tuberculosis in malnourished children.


Electrolyte imbalance in dehydrated children in paediatric observation ward Kenyatta National Hospital.


Neurological disorders in children at Mulago hospital.


The pattern of congenital malformations observed in Dar es Salaam.


The health status of a rural population in mid-eastern Tanzania.


Smallpox in the Sudan 1925-1964.

Smallpox in the Sudan 1925-1964.


Sickle cell and foetal haemoglobins in rheumatic heart disease.


Neuroradiological problems in cerebrovascular disease.


Cardioversion in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias-Nairobi experience.


The pattern of neurological admissions to University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka (January, 1970 to December, 1971).


[Debitmetric study of biliary tract].

[Debitmetric study of biliary tract].


Microbiological assay of vitamins of the B groups in foodstuffs.


Freeze grinder for biological material containing labile chemical components.


Constant temperature tissue bath for the in vitro measurement of muscle tension.


A simple adapter for repetitive dispensing from disposable syringes.


Hormonal control of resilin deposition in the blowfly, Calliphora erythrocephala.


Transition regime diffusion and the structure of the insect tracheolar system.


Digestive processes of haematophagous insects: control of trypsin secretion in Glossina morsitans.


Juvenile hormone inhibits differentiation of olfactory sense organs during postembryonic development of cockroaches.


Dependence of juvenile hormone activity on haemolymph factor in Tenebrio molitor pupae.


Metabolism and protein transport of a possible pupal cuticle tanning agent in Manduca sexta.


Ethometric analysis of pheromone receptor function in cockroaches.


Sex pheromone of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis.


Dynamics of the pregnancy cycle in the tsetse Glossina morsitans.


Acceptance angles of butterfly ommatidia.


Changes in male potency with age after emergence in the fly, Culicoides melleus.


Temporal relationships between leaving food, ecdysone release, mucoprotein extrusion and puparium formation in Drosophila virilis.


Effect of ecdysterone on ethyl trimethyl dodecadienoate juvenile hormone action in Oncopeltus fasciatus.


Kinetics of active and passive components of water exchange between the air and a mite, Dermatophagoides farinae.


Critical temperature and changes in cuticular lipids in the rabbit tick, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris.


Developmental changes in midgut trehalase activity and its localization in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.


Editorials: Limitations of the value of lipoprotein electrophoresis in diagnosis and treatment of hyperlipidaemia.


Alpha-ketoglutarmate, glutamate antagonism and GABA depletion--clues to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy?


Milk protein in the treatment of chronic portasystemic encephalopathy. A long-term study of therapeutic measures in a patient with chronic porta-systemic encephalopathy.


Liver function, age, and portasystemic encephalopathy.


Renovascular hypertension. Forms, clinical findings, course and therapy in cases of renal artery stenosis.


Convocation--1974.


Cancer of the colon and rectum VS. cancer of the stomach and esophagus in Japan. Statistical review.


Urinary and sexual disturbances following radical surgery for rectal cancer, and pudendal nerve block as a countermeasure for urinary disturbance.


New classification of fistulas and its application to the operations.


Recurrence of carcinoma of the large intestine. A statistical review.


Facing medicine's gravest problem.

Facing medicine's gravest problem.


Transferring patients with brain injury safely.


Treatment of children without parental consent.


Regionalization of continuing medical education.


Editorial: Sex on campus.

Editorial: Sex on campus.


Introductory statement: perspectives on human sexuality.


An example of a presentation to a university administration recommending gynecological and contraceptive services. A 1971 poll at Drexel University showed that 89% of the female student body polled favored the hiring of a gynecologist by the University health center.  85% felt the health center should prescribe contraceptives.  A subsequent poll in 1972 showed that 49% had had gynecological problems while at Drexel and 65% had received contraceptives during that period.  It is recommended that contraceptives be provided through the health service on a fee-for-service basis because: 1)students are significantly in favor of it; 2)67% would use the service; 3)the service could be less expensive than the private  physicians and more personal than the Planned Parenthood clinic now used by the students; and 4) the psychically damaging effects of unwanted pregnancy and abortion could be avoided.  Gynecological services should be provided free of extra charge by the health center.


Issues in developing a multidisciplinary sex education program in a public university.


The effects of formal sex education on the sexual behaviors and attitudes of college students.


Cooperation in the area of birth control.


Birth control clinic: education and clinical services.


The evolution of a contraception program.


Sexual and contraceptive behavior of college females.


Princeton women and the sex role stereotype.


Use of the "morning-after pill" in a college student health service.


A campus peer counseling program in human sexuality.


Sexual history taking.

Sexual history taking.


Gonorrhea in the unsuspected woman.

Gonorrhea in the unsuspected woman.


Gonorrhea: A review of the problem at a large state university.


Married couples workshop: problems and process.


Radiological case of the month.

Radiological case of the month.


Postoperative pulmonary complications. Screen preoperative patients for pulmonary diseases.


Physiological and pharmacological aids in the diagnosis of cardiac murmurs.


Psychiatric consultation to the epileptic child and his family: A study of 60 cases. 1. Basis of referral to the child psychiatrist.


An exchange diet for your patients.

An exchange diet for your patients.


Planning for career ambulance profession.


Editorial: Ill-timed action.

Editorial: Ill-timed action.


Megalocornea: A clinico-pathologic clinical case report.


Talking point: after Ockendon.

Talking point: after Ockendon.


Nursing care study: Elizabeth.

Nursing care study: Elizabeth.


Physical treatments in psychiatry.

Physical treatments in psychiatry.


Varicose veins and venous thrombosis in the legs.


Victims of circumstance-1.

Victims of circumstance-1.


An industrial accident.

An industrial accident.


Traumatic rupture of the male urethra.

Traumatic rupture of the male urethra.


Nursing in Australia--3: Bush nursing.

Nursing in Australia--3: Bush nursing.


Planning for Briggs-2: nurse allocation.


Effects on urine volume and composition of rats fed protein concentrates from rapeseed and sunflower seed, with blood, post-mortem and histo-pathological observations.


Separation by gel electrofocusing and characterisation of wheat esterases.


Studies on rumen metabolism. 8. Characteristics of lipases in rumen contents and in rumen bacteria.


Prediction of outcome and complications after head injury.


Editorial: Watching the watchdogs.

Editorial: Watching the watchdogs.


Hay fever.

Hay fever.


John--a drug addict.

John--a drug addict.


Life with a gastrostomy patient.

Life with a gastrostomy patient.


Osteomyelitis.

Osteomyelitis.


Problems of administering drugs by intravenous infusion.


How to stop a nose-bleed.

How to stop a nose-bleed.


Idiopathic chylopericardium.

Idiopathic chylopericardium.


A traction frame for a child's cot.

A traction frame for a child's cot.


Increasing death rate among women?

Increasing death rate among women?


Psychiatric nursing advisory service results of a six months' pilot study.


Psychological aspects of intensive care.


Nursing in Australia--4. Impartial efficiency.


Planning an endoscopy room.

Planning an endoscopy room.


Planning for Briggs.3. Post-certificate training.


The many faces of sarcoidosis.

The many faces of sarcoidosis.


Causes of delay in the treatment of acute ischaemic heart disease.


Conservative and surgical aspects of disc lesion management. Follow-up review of 244 cases. A follow-up study of 244 patients who were admitted to hospital with the diagnosis of discogenic disease between 1963 and 1970 was conducted to determine more precisely when conservative care should stop and a myelogram study followed by surgical decompression should be considered. The number of patients who had electromyography was separately tabulated and totaled (154). Of these, 87 (56.5 percent) had normal and 67 (43.5 percent) abnormal findings. It is significant that 29 of the total had positive myelograms and operation, yet 16 (59 percent) of the 29 had normal electromyograms. This raises a question about how much confidence to place in negative electromyographic findings when deciding for or against surgical operation. However, negative electromyograms are very helpful in reassuring patients who are emotional and resistant to resuming useful activities.


Diabetes mellitus. Distinguishing between patients receiving insulin and those requiring insulin therapy. Fifteen patients with maturity onset type diabetes, all of whom had received insulin for periods of one to thirty-five years, were admitted to hospital and insulin treatment was discontinued. Within 24 to 48 hours each patient was given an intravenous tolbutamide test, following which all were given either diet therapy alone or diet therapy plus oral agents. If significant hyperglycemia or ketonemia resulted, insulin therapy was reinstituted. Approximately 50 percent (8 of 15) of the patients showed improvement in fasting blood sugar levels following discontinuation of insulin. It was not possible to distinguish the insulin independent from the insulin dependent group using such criteria as age, sex, degree of overweight, insulin dosage, duration of diabetes or duration of insulin therapy. However, using the intravenous tolbutamide test it was possible to differentiate between the two groups. Those who did not require insulin responded to intravenous tolbutamide with a glucose decrease greater than 10 percent from the initial value. The insulin dependent group had either no glucose decrease or a rise in blood glucose following intravenous administration of tolbutamide.


Differential antibiotic excretion in unilateral structural pyelonephritis. Differential antibiotic excretion studies in eight patients with unilateral structural pyelonephritis showed that in all instances there was impairment in antibiotic excretion on the affected side compared with the normal kidney. Both peak and mean urinary concentrations were decreased on the structurally abnormal side. The degree of defect in antibiotic concentration was proportional to the amount of unilateral medullary damage, as measured by differential renal function studies. While the antibiotic concentrations achieved had an inconsistent relationship to cure in three patients with proven unilateral infections, the striking decreases in urinary antibiotic levels may argue against oral penicillin-G treatment of unilateral pyelonephritis in which there is renal parenchymal damage.


Male transsexualism.

Male transsexualism.


Editorial: Gender dysphoria syndrome--the conceptualization that liberalizes indications for total gender reorientation and implies a broadly based multi-dimensional rehabilitative regimen.


The problem of diagnosis and classification of chronic hepatitis.


Editorial: Viral infection of the fetus.


National health insurance--are we really ready for it yet?


Functional recovery in older patients after prolonged oliguria.


Tricuspid valve replacement in carcinoid heart disease.


Hypothalamic-hypothyroidism secondary to Sheehan's syndrome.


Letter: Thermography in venous thrombosis.


Management of pelvic fractures.

Management of pelvic fractures.


The curious odyssey of Regional Medical Programs.


Medicine and public health in the People's Republic of China.


Excitation spectroscopy of retinal and related polyenes.


N-formyl-kynurenine, a tryptophan photooxidation product, as a photodynamic sensitizer.


Photooxidation of lanthanide ion-lysozyme complexes. A new approach to the evaluation of intramolecular distances in proteins.


On the photoreceptor pigment for phototropism and phototaxis: is a carotenoid the most likely candidate?


Photochemical probes for biological interactions.


Auscultatory percussion. A new aid in the examination of the chest.


Hypnosis in psychiatry. The clinical use of hypnosis.


Notes on the anatomical and functional pictures of acute hot thyroid nodes and the relationships between this form and endemic goitre.


Serum albumin turnover in liver cirrhosis.


Determination of progesterone in human plasma by radioimmunoassay.


Infant mortality trends in a rural health centre of Pondicherry.


Epidermal cyst.

Epidermal cyst.


Mammillary fistula.

Mammillary fistula.


Meckel's diverticulum in intestinal obstruction.


Spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defect.


Histoplasmosis.

Histoplasmosis.


A futile exercise.

A futile exercise.


Filariasis as a health problem in the armed forces and its control.


Immunological evaluation in noncirrhotic portal fibrosis.


Effect of 3', 4'--dichloroprotionanilide on some biochemical constituents in the blood of buffalo calves.


Appendicular abscess presenting as strangulated inguinal hernia.


Splenic artery aneurysm.

Splenic artery aneurysm.


Auriculotemporal syndrome: a case report.


Pathological lesions in diabetes mellitus--their changing concepts.


Letter: Intravenous pyelography after probanthine.


Tuberculosis of central nervous system. II. Clinical aspects.


Histopathological evolution of Indian childhood cirrhosis with emphasis on criteria of early diagnosis.


Some observations on the role of autoimmune and viral factors in the aetiopathogenesis of Indian childhood cirrhosis.


Acute fulminant hepatocellular failure in children.


Effect of phenobarbitone on physiological jaundice.


Mental retardation in children. I. An etiological study of 303 cases.


Mental retardation in children. II. Leucodystrophies.


Electrocardiographic observations in first three days after birth (with special reference to study of frontal plane P and QRS axis by hexaxial reference system).


Vital statistics, India: report on causes of death, model registration, 1969.


Biochemical prediction of foetal maturity.


Dubin-Johnson syndrome (chronic idiopathic jaundice): a case report.


The Meckel syndrome.

The Meckel syndrome.


Letter: Uncommon complications following chickenpox.


The constitutional mission of the World Health Organization.


Aspects of international health work in 1973.


Exposure to x-rays in diagnostic radiology.


Some practical aspects of enzyme determination.


Study of the beta-bexosyminidase separation by electrophoresis in homozygote and heterozygote Tay-Sachs cultured fibroblasts.


Which way in the labyrinth of the newer penicillins?


Mass spectrometry of pethidine and pethidine metabolites. A study utilizing specifically deuterated pethidine.


Potential hypolipidemic agents. IX. Heterocyclic compouns related to methyl clofenapate.


Rate studies on dissolution and enzymatic hydrolysis of chloramphenicol palmitate.


Determination of theophylline and probenecid in biological material.


Liquid-liquid partition of some nitrophenols with benzene and mesitylene as solvating agents.


Studies of the thermodynamics of dissolution, solubilization and micellar binding of salicylamide by a nonionic surfactant.


Monohydroxylated metabolites of delta-1-tetrahydrocannabinol in mouse brain. Comparison with in vitro liver metabolites.


The polymorphism of indomethacine. New modifications, their melting behavior and solubility.


The hydrogen bond condition in some anticholinergic esters of glycolic acids. I.


Potential hypolipidemic agents. 8. 2-Chloro-5-piperidinosulphono-3-thiophenecarboxylic acids.


Intestinal absorption of 47Ca in patients with calcium renal stones.


A new derivation with suboccipital placement of electrodes. A preliminary report.


Effects of anticholinergic agents on gastric secretion stimulated by pentagastrin infusion.


Evaluation of management of acute myocardial infarction with and without intensive coronary care.


Some aspects of ocular injuries.

Some aspects of ocular injuries.


Right atrial and ventricular myocardial infarction.


Anteromedial dislocation of metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb with special emphasis on its mechanism of injury.


Hydatid disease of femur.

Hydatid disease of femur.


A bottle in the rectum.

A bottle in the rectum.


Trichobezoar.

Trichobezoar.


An unusual foreign body in the rectum.

An unusual foreign body in the rectum.


Letter: Provision of free medical care in India.


Intravenous, vascular, arterial nephrozonography.


Trabecular pattern of the upper end of the femur in primary osteoarthrosis and in symptomatic osteoporosis.


The nature of coal miner's lung.

The nature of coal miner's lung.


Diagnostic pulmonary function testing.

Diagnostic pulmonary function testing.


Psychotherapy and the law.

Psychotherapy and the law.


Brain damage to infant--caused by water intoxication or the improper administration of anesthesia--malpractice? II.


Determination of serum iron level in Thai blood donors: with special reference to an ultra-micro technique.


Latex agglutination test for amoebiasis.


Pneumopericardium: a case report.

Pneumopericardium: a case report.


Direct myocardial revascularization. Operative mortality in the Cleveland clinic experience.


A definition of lithogenic bile.

A definition of lithogenic bile.


Electrocardiographic changes during urography.


Pulmonary emboli causing sudden death in ulcerative colitis.


Letter: Poisoning by carrot juice.

Letter: Poisoning by carrot juice.


Early diagnosis, management, and treatment of cerebral palsy.


Rheological analysis in the evaluation and prediction of the stability of suspensions.


Rifamycin SV (Rifocin 500) clearance as a hepatic function test.


Patient and therapist variables in the treatment of low-income patients.


Issues in implosive therapy: reply to Levis.


The effect of reduced spatial cues on the learning of successive visual reversals.


Generality of interference by tonal stimuli in recognition memory for pitch.


The role of posture in sound localization.


Parallel but temporally displaced visual half-field metacontrast functions.


A compilation of descriptions of new Candida species with keys to all species of the genus described up to date.


The relative lability of mobile and stationary components in a visual-motor adaptation task.


The use of computers in assisting public health inspection services in Ontario.


Editorial: The medico-legal myths.

Editorial: The medico-legal myths.


Brucellosis in an Eskimo child.

Brucellosis in an Eskimo child.


Rural public health in Cameroon: an interim report on 5 years work by a team of Canadian physicians.


The partnership between public health and psychiatry: potentials and pitfalls.


Vitamin E status of Indians of Western Canada.


A study of perinatal and neonatal mortality in a rural population, Lucknow, India.


Effect of INH reversion rates of (very) recent converters.


Latency in listeriosis: a review and assessment.


Effectiveness of dental care services with emphasis on Canada.


A computer method for the analysis of ocular refractive data.


Selected behavioural characteristics of alcoholics and their spouses.


Non-invasive colonoscopic polypectomy. Review of 100 cases. Colonoscopic polypectomy was done in one hundred patients. One hundred eighty-three polyps were removed from these patients during 111 colonoscopies and eight malignant polyps were found. The material suggests that pedunculated malignant polyps, when the stalk is clear of carcinoma, can be cured through colonoscopic polypectomy, thus obviating the need for laparotomy. At present, however, more cases and a longer follow-up are needed before this can be established. There were no deaths and no perforations. There were two cases of bleeding, only one requiring transfusion. The procedure costs less and entails less time in hospital than laparotomy, colotomy and polypectomy.


Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone.


Complications of vomiting. The Boerhaave and the Mallory-Weiss syndromes.


Editorial: "Inappropriate" versus "appropriate" antidiuretic hormone secretion.


Vibrio parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis from eating conchs.


Management of ruptured aneurysms of the abdominal aorta.


The myth of sickle cell trait.

The myth of sickle cell trait. Recently emphasis in the problem of sickle hemoglobinopathy has been on mass screening of the black population. Concern about the alleged danger in having sickle cell trait itself is offered as part of the justification. This danger is disputed and a position developed for the benign status of sickle cell trait and the potentially serious social harm to blacks so identified. Programs are suggested to foster improved medical care availability and early detection for those with sickle cell anemia. It is suggested that mandatory patient programs be avoided, and that research receive greater emphasis.


Effects of probenecid, alkalosis and glycine on net renal uptake and on tubular reabsorption of lactate in dogs.


Improved method for the determination of nonheme iron in animal tissues. I. Methodology.


Talking point; shrinking from democracy.


Editorial: One union's antics.

Editorial: One union's antics.


Reorganization fiasco?

Reorganization fiasco?


Carcinoma of the cervix in pregnancy.

Carcinoma of the cervix in pregnancy.


Myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction.


Premedication.

Premedication.


Dressing leg ulcers.

Dressing leg ulcers.


Who needs a crèche?

Who needs a crèche?


Are you sitting comfortably?

Are you sitting comfortably?


Students' views on clinical teaching.

Students' views on clinical teaching.


Nursing in Australia. 5. Geography's handicap.


Community health councils. Watchdogs or lapdogs?


Editorial: Splitting the difference.

Editorial: Splitting the difference.


Establishing a child psychiatric nursing unit.


The ups and downs of supersonic travel.

The ups and downs of supersonic travel.


Supporting life in space.

Supporting life in space.


Cryosurgery in gynaecology.

Cryosurgery in gynaecology.


Peritoneal dialysis in a neonate.

Peritoneal dialysis in a neonate.


The nurse's role in preventing coronary artery disease.


Screening tests.

Screening tests.


Learning to speak again.

Learning to speak again.


Nursing in clinical research.

Nursing in clinical research.


The 'conscience clause' and the law on abortion.


How to get the job you want.

How to get the job you want.


For the love of money.

For the love of money.


Hydrotaea irritans: the sheep headfly in Britain.


Seasonal variations in water compartments of the Indian camel.


The incidence of trichurid nematodes in Iran.


The isolation of Salmonella dublin from faecal swabs from cattle.


The toxicity of some members of the Connaraceae family.


The anthelmintic activity of levamisole administered subcutaneously to pigs at 7-5 mg-kg.


Swine dysentery: failure of an attenuated strain of spirochaete, given orally, to protect pigs against subsequent challenge.


Tuberculous endometritis.

Tuberculous endometritis.


Tetanus antitoxin in human serum.

Tetanus antitoxin in human serum.


Meckel's diverticulum. A clinico-pathologic study of 123 cases.


Crohn's disease associated with adenocarcinoma (a case report).


Intra--amniotic injection by vaginal amniotomy.


E.M.G. evidence of compensatory innervation by contralateral nerve in facial palsy.


A modified method of determining phospho-lipids in serum.


Unusual cause of failure of intra-amniotic injection (a case report).


Standing on your own feet.

Standing on your own feet.


The impact of OSHA on pharmacy.

The impact of OSHA on pharmacy.


Potentiation of the antibacterial effect of methenamine by acetohydroxamic acid. In vitro testing shows nearly all strains of Proteus to be susceptible to methenamine. However, infection by urease-producing bacteria alkalinizes the urine in vivo and prevents generation of formaldehyde, the active metabolite, from methenamine. We have previously shown acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) to be an effective inhibitor of bacterial urease in vitro and in vivo. We now present data obtained by use of static and dynamic in vitro systems, which show that, by preventing urease-induced alkalinization of urine, AHA enables methenamine to exert its antibacterial effect against representative Proteus species.


Interaction between acetohydroxamic acid and 12 antibiotics against 14 gram-negative pathogenic bacteria. Acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) is a potent inhibitor of urease which prevents alkalinization of urine and stone formation in rats in the presence of infection caused by urease-producing bacteria. Because an antibacterial effect of AHA, and synergy between kanamycin and AHA have also been described, we studied the interaction between AHA and 12 antibiotics against 14 gram-negative bacteria. Synergy, sometimes to a striking degree, was found in 17% of interactions; however, antagonism was detected in 5%. Infecting organisms would need to be studied individually before the antibacterial effect of AHA and an antibiotic could be predicted.


Usefulness of an erythromycin-resistant strain of Mycoplasma pneumoniae for the fermentation-inhibition test. The fermentation-inhibition (FI) test for Mycoplasma pneumoniae was performed with two strains of M. pneumoniae, one susceptible to erythromycin and one highly resistant to erythromycin with cross-resistance to other macrolide antibiotics. Serum titers in children with M. pneumoniae pneumonia who received no antibiotic were similar with the two strains. Children with atypical pneumonia with a transient rise in the FI titer with the susceptible strain proved to have received erythromycin at the time of the rise. They showed no rise in the FI titer done with the erythromycin-resistant strain. Oral administration of erythromycin regularly elevated the serum FI titer when the test was done with the susceptible strain. Use of the resistant strain in the test eliminated this false elevation. Tetracycline and chloramphenicol did not elevate the titer, even with the susceptible strain. Use of the strain of M. pneumoniae resistant to erythromycin provides a true FI antibody serum titer, avoiding the influence of antibiotics.


Administration of ticarcillin, a new antipseudomonal antibiotic, in patients undergoing dialysis. Ticarcillin was administered to three groups of patients in chronic renal failure; three were undergoing chronic hemodialysis, two were undergoing peritoneal dialysis, and three received the drug after hemodialysis. The serum half-lives were measured. A dosage regime for patients undergoing dialysis is suggested.


Biosynthesis of fosfomycin by Streptomyces fradiae. The antibiotic fosfomycin was produced as a secondary metabolite in a glucose-asparagine medium containing citrate, l-methionine, and l-glutamate. The citrate requirement for antibiotic synthesis was related to its requirement for growth. In contrast, l-methionine and l-glutamate caused a marked stimulation of fosfomycin production and had no effect on growth. l-Methionine had to be added early to effect maximal antibiotic synthesis later in the fermentation. The l-glutamate requirement was not specific, since several tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates could replace this amino acid. l-Asparagine was the most effective nitrogen source for growth and production of fosfomycin. Glycine, an alternate nitrogen source, supported fosfomycin synthesis only when added in excess of that needed for growth. Cobalt and inorganic phosphate were required also for antibiotic production at concentrations exceeding those supporting maximal growth. Radioactive incorporation studies showed that the methyl carbon of methionine was the precursor of the methyl of fosfomycin. Carbon 1 of fosfomycin was derived from glucose carbons 1 and 6, whereas glucose-2-(14)C labeled fosfomycin carbon 2. Radioactivity from acetate-2-(14)C was distributed equally between fosfomycin carbons 1 and 2. No incorporation of acetate-1-(14)C, asparagine-U-(14)C, citrate-1,5-(14)C, or glutamate-U-(14)C occurred. The labeling pattern of fosfomycin carbons 1 and 2 was similar to that found in 2-aminoethylphosphonate from Tetrahymena.


Action of a basic copolymer of ornithine and leucine on cells of Staphylococcus aureus. A basic, random copolymer of l-ornithine and l-leucine (OL; molar ratios 1:1) was bactericidal to a sensitive (S) strain of Staphylococcus aureus at low concentration. Resistant cells (R) were selected from the culture medium and, after serial transfers to solutions containing increasing amounts of the polymer, grew well in the presence of very high concentrations of it (1,000 mug/ml). S cells bound much more OL than did R cells, but no difference in binding was shown between separated cell walls or cell membranes of S and R. The binding of OL and sensitivity to it were not dependent on the teichoic acid-content of the cells. Bound OL was only partially removed from the cells by a variety of reagents, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate, Triton X-100, dilute trichloroacetic acid, and Ba(OH)(2), and the extent of removal was similar for R and S cells.


Double-blind comparison of phlebitis produced by cephalothin infusions with buffered and unbuffered diluents. In a double-blind study with each patient as his own control, a buffered and an unbuffered cephalothin solution was administered to 13 patients in opposite arms for a period of 48 h each. Neither the incidence of phlebitis nor the degree of phlebitis was different with the two diluents, and there was no difference in the time of onset of phlebitis.


Antimicrobial resistance and R factors in Salmonella isolated in California (1971-1972). The antimicrobial resistance of 2,246 strains of Salmonella isolated from humans in California was determined. Resistance to one or more of the 12 antimicrobial agents tested was found in 32% of the isolates. Salmonella typhimurium strains represented 31% of the serotypes isolated; 49% of these strains were resistant. Fifty-one percent of S. heidelberg, 42.5% of S. newport, and 40% of S. saint paul strains were resistant. Seventy-seven percent of all resistant serotypes were resistant to two or more of the antimicrobial agents tested. R factors were demonstrated in 70% of the multiply resistant strains. Resistance of the Salmonella strains to one or more of the 12 antimicrobials tested and the frequency of resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin were significantly greater than resistance reported in other studies performed in this country. Chloramphenicol resistance was encountered in 33 (1.5%) of the Salmonella isolates; 19 of these were S. typhi demonstrating a pattern of resistance to streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol and carrying an R factor capable of transferring the complete pattern of resistance.


Properties of silver sulfadiazine-resistant Enterobacter cloacae. Two silver sulfadiazine-resistant isolates of Enterobacter cloacae obtained in a burns unit where the drug was in use were studied. These strains were resistant to elevated levels of the drug, and they were cross-resistant to silver benzoate, but not to silver nitrate. Growth of the strains in nutritionally poor defined media sensitized them to the inhibitory action of the drug. Exposure of the bacteria to penicillins rendered them susceptible to silver sulfadiazine. The resistant bacteria harbored episomes for resistance to carbenicillin and kanamycin; however, resistance to silver sulfadiazine could not be transferred by these episomes. Twenty-three strains of E. cloacae isolated in a general hospital were sensitive to much lower levels of the drug (</=50 mug/ml).


Antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus bovis and other group D streptococci causing endocarditis. Seventy-four strains of Streptococcus bovis and 35 strains of enterococci (Streptococcus faecalis and its varieties, Streptococcus faecium and Streptococcus durans), most of which were isolated from patients with endocarditis, were tested for their susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, cephalothin, vancomycin, methicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin, and gentamicin. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined by a microtiter broth dilution technique. All of these organisms are group D streptococci, but the S. bovis strains are not enterococci. On the basis of both MIC and MBC, the S. bovis strains were much more susceptibile in general to antibiotics then were the enterococcal strains. For the S. bovis strains, the lowest MICs were obtained with penicillin, ampicillin, and erythromycin, and the lowest MBCs with penicillin and ampicillin. Although these antibiotics were also the most active against the enterococci, the MICs and MBCs were much higher than obtained with the S. bovis strains. Gentamicin was the most active aminoglycoside. On the basis of in vitro susceptibility results, the S. bovis strains resemble the viridans streptococci rather than enterococci.


Chemical characterization of ethambutol binding to Mycobacterium smegmatis. Recent studies showed that critical binding of ethambutol to Mycobacterium smegmatis was both inhibited and reversed by ions. This apparent ion-susceptible characteristic suggested that ethambutol is held at critical sites by electrostatic bonds. Dissociation constant, pH, and ionic strength studies were designed to further characterize ethambutol binding. M. smegmatis was grown in Sauton synthetic liquid medium (pH 7.4) under aerated conditions at 37 C. The pH or ionic strength of the medium was modified to meet the needs of particular experiments. Titration data revealed that ethambutol dihydrochloride has two apparent dissociation constants (pKa(1) = 6.35, pKa(2) = 9.35). Uptake experiments, in which pH was varied, showed that dihydrochloride and free base ethambutol were bound to a greater extent than the monohydrochloride. However, dihydrochloride and free base binding were not related to biological activity. Ethambutol exerted its maximal growth inhibitory effect at pH values near neutrality, where it exists primarily as the monohydrochloride and showed minimal binding. The increased ethambutol binding observed at pH 7.4 in media of lowered ionic strength was consistent with growth studies showing a reduction in the minimal inhibitory growth concentration in such media. However, nonspecific as well as critical binding was enhanced at low ionic strength. We conclude that binding of ethambutol by M. smegmatis involves a heterogeneous group of drug binding sites, only one of which is directly related to biological activity. Although nothing is known about the ethambutol target site itself, critical binding of the drug seems to require the single positively charged monohydrochloride form. Both hydrogen bonds and ionic linkages are probably involved.


Rosamicin: evaluation in vitro and comparison with erythromycin and lincomycin. Rosamicin is a new macrolide antibiotic produced by Micromonospora rosaria. It shares certain chemical and biological characteristics with erythromycin. Activity against gram-positive strains was assayed by broth dilution and compared to that of erythromycin and lincomycin. Rosamicin was bacteriostatic and inhibited most strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococci, viridans streptococci, and group A streptococci in concentrations of 0.02 to 4.0 mug/ml. Results were similar for erythromycin and for lincomycin (excluding enterococci). Cross-resistance of gram-positive organisms to these three antimicrobial agents was incomplete. Rosamicin was more active than erythromycin against Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas at pH 7.2. Alkalinization of the medium enhanced the activity of both rosamicin and erythromycin; however, rosamicin was still more active than erythromycin against all gram-negative strains at pH 7.6 and 8.0. In view of the high degree of in vitro activity of rosamicin against gram-positive organisms, lack of complete cross-resistance with erythromycin and lincomycin, and the greater activity of rosamicin than erythromycin against gram-negative organisms, further investigation of this macrolide is warranted.


Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus mutans isolated from patients with endocarditis. Forty-one strains of Streptococcus mutans (34 from blood specimens from patients with endocarditis and 7 from stock cultures) were tested for susceptibility to penicillin, ampicillin, methicillin, erythromycin, cephalothin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, gentamicin, streptomycin, and kanamycin. Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations were determined by a broth microdilution procedure. Most of the strains were very susceptible to ampicillin, penicillin, and erythromycin, with most strains having minimal inhibitory concentrations of 0.08 mug/ml or less. Most of the strains were also susceptible to cephalothin, methicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and vancomycin. Gentamicin was the most effective aminoglycoside. The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns are similar to those of other viridans streptococci. S. mutans strains have proven to be difficult for some microbiologists to identify. But when organisms suggesting S. mutans are isolated from patients with endocarditis, they should be at least identified as nonenterococcal streptococci so that appropriate therapy can be initiated.


Rate of binding of antibiotics to canine serum protein. The time rates of binding of three antibiotics of similar chemical structure, each with differing degrees of protein binding, were determined. Cephaloridine, which is 10% bound by serum proteins, was bound at a more rapid rate than cephalothin, which is 40% bound by serum protein. Cefazolin, bound 80%, required for longest time period for maximum binding to occur. The rate of protein binding appears directly related to the total percentage bound. The data from this study indicate that prolonged rates of binding of highly protein-bound drugs may influence pharmacological studies.


Susceptibility of pathogenic actinomycetes to antimicrobial compounds. Current interest in antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic pathogens and recent recognition that actinomycetes other than Actinomyces israelii may cause actinomycosis in man prompted this in vitro survey of 74 strains of actinomycetes, representing seven species. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for 24 antimicrobials were determined by inhibition of gross colonial enlargement in semisolid antibiotic agar after incubation at 37 C for 48 h under anaerobic conditions. Erythromycin and rifampin were the most active drugs in vitro (MICs of 0.008 to 0.25 mug/ml), although a small number of non-israelii strains were conspicuously more resistant to the latter (MICs >0.5 mug/ml). Penicillin G, cephaloridine, minocycline, and clindamycin were also very active in vitro (MICs of 0.03 to 1.0 mug/ml); for a few non-israelii strains the MICs of clindamycin were 2.0 to 8.0 mug/ml. MICs of cephalothin, ampicillin, lincomycin, tetracycline, doxycycline, and chloramphenicol were well within a therapeutic range for all strains of A. israelii and most other species, although the MIC of lincomycin against a few non-israelii strains and of tetracycline and doxycycline against the majority of these strains was 2.0 to 8.0 mug/ml. Oxacillin, dicloxacillin, and cephalexin were less active in vitro, particularly against strains other than A. israelii. Most non-israelii species were not suppressed by 125 mug of metronidazole per ml, which concentration inhibited all strains of A. israelii; otherwise, there were no antimicrobial susceptibility differences among the species tested. Aminoglycoside activity was negligible.


Herpes simplex virus skin infection in hairless mice: treatment with antiviral compounds. A hairless mouse-herpes simplex virus skin infection experimental model was used to evaluate the efficacy of the antiviral compounds 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A), 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IUdR), and 6-azauridine (aza-U). Ara-A and IUdR, when administered intraperitoneally by several different dosage schedules, reduced the severity of cutaneous herpetic lesions and the incidence of paralysis and increased significantly the number of survivors. A more rapid healing of the lesions and an increase in the mean survival time also was observed. A delay of 24 to 48 h in the initiation of treatment after the infection was more effective than treatments started at the time of inoculation. Treatment with ara-A was somewhat superior to that with IUdR, but aza-U was totally ineffective. Enhancement of the evolution of the infection was noted after treatment with aza-U.


Methods for evaluating topical antibacterial agents on human skin. Three procedures were presented for appraising the ability of antibacterial chemicals and formulations to suppress the growth of microorganisms on human skin. In each of these, the microflora was quantified after the skin had been occlusively covered for a day or more, a circumstance which, in the absence of a deterrent, led to an explosive overgrowth by resident organisms. The data obtained related to (i) the capacity to prevent expansion of the normal microflora, (ii) the suppression of an already expanded flora, and (iii) the persistence of antibacterial effect 3 days after the last application.


Preparation of succinyl neocarzinostatin. All amino groups in a proteinous antitumor antibiotic, neocarzinostatin, were reacted with succinic anhydride yielding bis-N-succinyl neocarzinostatin which retained biological activity in vitro against human cell lines and a bacterium. Amino groups in neocarzinostatin do not appear to play an important role in the activity.


Entry of four tetracyclines into saliva and tears. Although meningococci are susceptible to the tetracyclines by testing in vitro, oxytetracycline (OC) and doxycycline (DC) have failed to eliminate carriage, whereas minocycline (MC) has been effective. Because these congeners differ in lipophilicity, they and tetracycline (TC) were studied in volunteers by assay of serum, saliva, and tears obtained after 5 days of treatment. OC and TC were undetectable or attained concentrations subinhibitory for meningococci in saliva and tears. The concentrations of MC in saliva and tears were equal to or greater than the average minimal inhibitory concentration as long as 12 h post-dose. Near inhibitory concentrations resulted with DC at 100 mg/day; yet, doubling the dose to 100 mg/12 h did not yield concentrations that exceeded the average minimal inhibitory concentration for meningococci. The previous reports of failure or meager entry of DC and MC into saliva probably reflected extraction of these drugs in the paraffin chewed by subjects to stimulate salivary flow. The efficiency of entry of the tetracyclines into the secretions of the noninflamed upper respiratory tract correlates with lipophilicity at physiological pH, enabling prediction of meningococcal chemoprophylactic efficacy.


Antiviral activity of N-phenyl-N'-aryl- or alkylthiourea derivatives in Coxsackie virus infections in mice. The effect of five derivatives of N-phenyl-N'-aryl- or alkylthiourea-inhibitors of the multiplication of Coxsackie virus B1 and other picornaviruses in vitro-was tested in experimental infections with Coxsackie viruses B1, B3, A6, and A7 in newborn mice. Under the action of N-phenyl-N'-3-hydroxyphenylthiourea (no. 23) and N-phenyl-N'-4-carboxy-5-hydroxyphenylthiourea (no. 20) a two- to threefold reduction in mortality was observed, as well as an appreciable delay in the course of the disease (mean effective dose, lengthening by 2 to 6 days) after infection with Coxsackie viruses B1, B3, and A7. The infection with Coxsackie virus A6 was affected only by compound no. 23 and, at that, to a low degree. If the antiviral effect is to be obtained, the compounds must be applied daily (once subcutaneously) from the 24th to the 144th h after virus inoculation, a period which corresponds to the incubation period and the beginning of the manifested infection. On the basis of these data, as well as of the relatively high selectivity (therapeutic index of 3 to 20), the two indicated substances may be considered to be reliable antiviral chemotherapeutic agents.


Thermal inactivation as a means of inhibiting the serum-associated deamination of 9-beta-D Arabinofuranosyladenine in tissue culture media. 9-beta-d-Arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) was deaminated to 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine by adenosine deaminase present in fetal bovine serum, newborn calf serum, and calf serum used to supplement tissue culture media. Heating newborn calf serum or calf serum for 12 h at 56 C completely eliminated the enzymatic deamination of ara-A. The deaminase activity associated with fetal bovine serum was more refractory to heating, requiring 24 h for complete inactivation. The nutritive value of heat-inactivated calf serum did not differ significantly from that of unheated serum based on considerations of population doubling times, deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, and relative cloning efficiencies of KB cells.


Effects of rifamycin derivatives, alone and in combination with amphotericin B, against Histoplasma capsulatum. Several derivatives of rifamycin SV inhibited ribonucleic acid synthesis and decreased the viability of Histoplasma capsulatum. Both of these effects were enhanced by low concentrations of amphotericin B. The relative potency of the different rifamycin derivatives against H. capsulatum, when used in combination with amphotericin B or alone, was the same as that reported for the inhibition of the reverse transcriptase of ribonucleic acid tumor viruses.


Cefoxitin, a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic: susceptibility studies. Cefoxitin, 3-carbamoyloxymethyl-7-alpha-methoxy-7-[2-(2-thienyl)acetamido]-3-cephem-4- carboxylic acid, is a new semisynthetic cephamycin with broad antibacterial activity. It is highly active against gram-negative microorganisms including indole-positive Proteus and Serratia strains, which are ordinarily reistant to the cephalosporins. Cefoxitin is also highly active against many strains of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis which are resistant to the cephalosporins. Furthermore, E. coli and Klebsiella strains which are susceptible to the cephalosporins are generally more susceptible to the cephamycin analog. The susceptibility of the gram-positive bacteria falls well within the effective range of the antibiotic for gram-negative organisms, but cefoxitin is less active than cephalothin or cephaloridine. As is the case with the cephalosporins, strains of Pseudomonas and group D streptococci are resistant to cefoxitin. Changes in pH, inoculum density, and growth medium have no significant effect on the activity of the antibiotic.


Sulfhydryl reactivity: mechanism of action of several antiviral compounds--selenocystine, 4-(2-propinyloxy)-beta-nitrostyrene, and acetylaranotin. The addition of 5 mM dithiothreitol to a cell-free assay system for influenza ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase activity reverses the inhibitory activity otherwise possessed by three established antiviral compounds: selenocystine, 4-(2-propinyloxy)-beta-nitrostyrene, and acetylaranotin. Although 50% or greater enzyme inhibitory activity is repeatedly achieved for these compounds at a concentration of approximately 50 mug/ml (0.1 to 0.25 mM) in the absence of dithiothreitol, no inhibition is seen in its presence at inhibitor concentrations as high as 200 mug/ml. Against the deoxyribonucleic acid-directed RNA polymerases of Escherichia coli and chicken embryo cells, acetylaranotin and 4-(2-propinyloxy)-beta-nitrostyrene caused very little inhibition. Only selenocystine significantly inhibited these two enzymes in the absence of reducing agent, but to an extent substantially less than that obtained against the viral enzyme. These results appear to suggest that influenza RNA polymerase is uniquely sensitive to a variety of structurally diverse antiviral compounds as a consequence of their sulfhydryl reactivity-a fact which might aid in the search for and development of more potent chemotherapeutic agents.


Cefoxitin, a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic: in vivo evaluation. Cefoxitin, 3-carbamoyloxymethyl-7-alpha-methoxy-7-[2-(2-thienyl)acetamido]-3-cephem-4- carboxylic acid, a semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic shown to have broad-spectrum activity in vitro, is active also in vivo against a wide variety of bacteria including penicillin-resistant staphylococci. It is, however, particularly effective against gram-negative organisms including strains of indole-positive Proteus against which cephalothin and cephaloridine are ineffective. When cefoxitin is given subcutaneously, concentrations in mouse blood, urine, and other tissues are higher than those seen for cephalothin. Higher concentrations in the blood and greater therapeutic efficacy are achieved with cefoxitin when it is given with probenecid. For this reason it is believed that cefoxitin is excreted mainly by way of the renal tubules. The data indicate that cefoxitin has potential as a therapeutically useful antibiotic.


Cephradine: absorption, excretion, and tissue distribution in animals of a new cephalosporin antibiotic. Metabolic studies were conducted with cephradine administred by the oral, subcutaneous, intravenous, or rectal routes to mice, rats, and dogs. Peak blood levels were usually attained in 30 to 150 min after dosing, depending on the animal species studied. Based on urinary excretion, cephradine appeared to be well absorbed after oral or subcutaneous administration; after rectal doses, cephradine was absorbed poorly. In rats and dogs given oral or intravenous doses of cephradine, about 70 to 100% of the administered dose was recovered during a 24-h collection period. Cephradine was excreted unchanged. After the oral or intravenous administration of [(3)H]cephradine to rats and dogs, respectively, its plasma half-life was about 1 h. After oral administration to rats, cephradine was distributed widely throughout the body tissues, with the greatest concentrations in the kidneys and liver; at 45 min to 6 h postdose, cephradine concentrations in the kidneys and liver were about 8 and 3 times higher, respectively, than those in plasma.


Disk susceptibility studies with cefazolin and cephalothin. Cefazolin and cephalothin disk susceptibility and minimal inhibitory concentration determinations were conducted on 591 clinical isolates. Cefazolin demonstrated superior activity, as shown by lower minimal inhibitory concentrations, and a greater percentage of isolates inhibited in the disk susceptibility test. The cephalothin antibiotic class disk by the standard Bauer-Kirby method failed to detect susceptibility to cefazolin in a significant percentage of Escherchia coli, Enterobacter species, and Enterococcus isolates. A separate cefazolin disk with a susceptibility cut-off point of 18 mm is recommended. An alternative to a separate cefazolin disk would be a reinterpretation of the cephalothin susceptibility disk zone diameters so that it would more adequately predict cefazolin activity.


Susceptibility of related vibrios and Vibrio fetus to twelve antibiotics. One hundred fourteen strains of related vibrio and seven strains of Vibrio fetus, all isolated from humans, were tested for susceptibility in vitro to 12 antibiotics. Mueller-Hinton agar containing 14 dilutions of the antibiotics was inoculated with undiluted overnight cultures. Gentamicin and erythromycin were the most active drugs against related vibrios and Vibrio fetus; lower activity was noted with chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and tetracycline; neomycin and kanamycin were even less active. The susceptibility to ampicillin was variable. More than 90% of the strains were resistant to cephalothin.


Lysis of enterococcal L-forms by phenylethyl alcohol. Enterococcal L-forms were lysed by phenylethanol, as shown by turbidimetric analysis and electron microscopy.


Application of the Y modulation of the scanning electron microscope for morphological chromosome studies.


Whiplash: fact, fantasy or fakery.

Whiplash: fact, fantasy or fakery.


Management of acute non-lymphocytic leukaemia.


Blood sugar patterns in treated diabetics.


Hepatitis-associated (Australia) antigen in the Republic of Ireland: a preliminary report.


Malignant lymphoma mimicking eosinophilic granuloma of the gut.


The psychological profiles of coronary and cancer patients, and of matched controls.


Letter: Energy balance.

Letter: Energy balance.


Drug abuse in Delaware--an update.

Drug abuse in Delaware--an update.


Current concepts in the treatment of the juvenile offender.


Third generation pesticides: the potential for the development of resistance by insects.


Genetics of resistance of a dimethoate-selected strain of houseflies (Musca domestica L.) To several insecticides and methylenedioxphenyl synergists.


Chemosterilants for the house fly.

Chemosterilants for the house fly.


Mammalian metabolism and environmental degradation of the juvenoid 1-(4'-ethylphenoxy)-3,7-dimethyl-6,7-epoxy-trans-2-octene and related compounds.


Microsomal cytochrome P-450: characterization and possible role in insecticide resistance in Musca domestica.


Insecticidal thiophan-3-one O-(methylcarbamoyl)oximes.


Fate of benomyl on field soil and turf.

Fate of benomyl on field soil and turf.


Fate of benomyl in animals.

Fate of benomyl in animals.


The induction of detoxifying enzymes in insects.


Mutagenicity of ethylene chlorohydrin. A degradation product present in foodstuffs exposed to ethylene oxide.


Factors influencing the metabolism of mexacarbate by microorganisms.


Fate of carbofuran in a model ecosystem.


Persistence of mirex and its effects on soil microorganisms.


Analysis of dimethoate-treated grapes for the N-hydroxymethyl and de-N-methyl metabolites and for their sugar adducts.


Differential pulse polarographic determination of nicarbazin in chicken tissue.


Kinetics of azinphosmethyl losses in the soil environment.


Identification of the photoproducts of the insecticides Mirex and Kepone.


Biological assessment of available iron in food products.


Glucosinolate determination in cruciferous seeds and meals by measurement of enzymatically released glucose.


Aflatoxin Q1. A newly identified major metabolite of aflatoxin B1 in monkey liver.


Stimultaneous determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid in soil and water by gas chromatography with electron capture detector.


Indentification of components of the dialyzable fraction of beef adipose tissue.


Talking point: keep on pushing.

Talking point: keep on pushing.


Use of monkey liver microsomes in production of aflatoxin Q1.


Chromatographic parameters of the bisquaternary herbicides, paraquat and diquat.


Pre-examination strain.

Pre-examination strain.


Problems of written examinations.

Problems of written examinations.


Pressure sores: their cause and prevention.


Toxic effects of oosporein from Chaetomium trilaterale.


Myocardial infarction. 1.

Myocardial infarction. 1.


A modern approach to the isolation and characterization of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C).


Isolation of new limonoate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas.


Respiratory failure.

Respiratory failure.


Community care experience.

Community care experience.


Nursing in australia. 1. On the district.


The open university.

The open university.


Psychiatric complications of everyday drugs.


Efects of dichlorvos on ochratoxin production by Aspergillus ochraceus.


Sister, how much are you worth?

Sister, how much are you worth?


Persistence of dichlobenil in a farm pond.


An analysis of the phytosterols of two varieties of cannabis.


Use of simplified method for lysine by gas chromatography.


Monitoring patient-nurse dependency. 2. Results and conclusions.


Thermal gelation of pig-skin tropocollagen.


Carbon-13 fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance with Eu(fod)3 for configurational confirmation of polychlorinated pesticides, endrin and dieldrin.


Some biochemical considerations in utilization of nonspecific nitrogen.


Insect chemosterilants. Sulfonamides.

Insect chemosterilants. Sulfonamides.


Solubility and molecular structure of 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid in relation to pH and temperature.


Physical and chemical basis for systemic movement of organophosphorus esters in the cotton plant.


Muscalure and related compounds. I. Response of houseflies in olfactometer and pseudofly tests.


Photodecomposition of resmethrin and related pyrethroids.


Uptake and metabolsim of dichlobenil by emersed aquatic plants.


Comparison of dimethoate and dimethoxon residues in citrus leaves and grapefruit following foliar treatment with dimethoate wettable powder and without surfactant.


Fate of 3,3-dimethyl-1-(methylthio)-2-butanone O-(methylcarbamoyl)oxime(Diamond Shamrock DS-15647) in cotton plants and soil.


Effects of N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide on ethyl N,N-di-n-propylthiocarbamate uptake and metabolism by corn seedlings.


Distribution of mercury among components of eggs following the administration of methylmercuric chloride to chickens.


Lipid autoxidation in precooked dehydrated sweet potato flakes stored in air.


Translocation of pesticides as affected by plant nutrition.


A gas chromatographic method for the analysis of MBC in plants and soil.


Determination of iodine in urine by neutron activation analysis. Application of the Szilard-Chalmers effect.


Analysis of biological, clinical, and environmental samples using proton-induced X-ray emission.


Determination of methomyl by using 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene reaction and gas-liquid chromatography.


Reverse extraction technique for the determination of fluoride in biological materials.


Automated protein determination with ion-selective membrane electrodes.


Determination of organotin residues from plictran in fruit crops by gas-liquid chromatography.


Extraction of nitrogenous constituents from the Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis).


Spectrophotometric determination of micro amounts of cysteine.


Chemical studies on tobacco smoke. Quantitative analysis of hydrazine in tobacco and cigarette smoke.


Enzyme-mediated aldehyde change in orange juice.


A rapid quantitative method for maleic hydrazide.


Determination of chromium in biological samples using chemiluminescence.


Gas chromatographic determination of barbiturates after extractive methylation in carbon disulfide.


Ametryne metabolite in transpired-guttated water from sugarcane shoot.


Sensitive gas chromatographic determination of cyanide.


A rapid turbidimetric analysis for zein in corn and its correlation with lysine content.


Bilirubin--metal ion complexes.

Bilirubin--metal ion complexes.


Bitter compounds in tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera L.


Induced colorimetric method for carbon monoxide.


The lipids of Mono Lake, California, brine shrimp (Artemia salina).


Yellow pigments of Dioscorea bulbifera.

Yellow pigments of Dioscorea bulbifera.


Method for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen in size fractionated atmospheric particulate matter.


Selection of high-lysine corns with varied kernel characteristics and compositions by a rapid turbidimetric assay for zein.


Pyrolysis generation of dilute concentration of sulfur dioxide.


Nondestructive analysis for silicon, rubidium, and yttrium in atmospheric particulate material.


New salary scales.

New salary scales.


Case studies: acute admission and assessment. Geriatric nursing.


Right lateral nephrectomy.

Right lateral nephrectomy.


Commensal bacteria of the human gastro-intestinal tract.


Accident and emergency resuscitation trolley.


Psychiatric patients at night. 2.

Psychiatric patients at night. 2.


Up ill, down pale.

Up ill, down pale.


Research at ward level.

Research at ward level.


Beginning and end.

Beginning and end.


Flying physicians.

Flying physicians.


The curse of the pharaohs.

The curse of the pharaohs.


Monitoring patient-nurse dependency.

Monitoring patient-nurse dependency.


The ultrastructure of the lemnisci and body wall of Octospinifer macilentus (Acanthocephala).


Responses of cercariae of Trichobilharzia ocellata to white light, monochromatic light, and irradiance reduction.


Calorific values of Chironomidae (Diptera).


Growth of secondary Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected hosts.


A laboratory study of the effects of some climatic factors on the demography of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio spinicornis Say.


Survival of embryos, tadpoles, and adults of the frogs Rana aurora aurora and Rana pretiosa pretiosa sympatric in southwestern British Columbia.