The effects of isoniazid on the carbohydrates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis BCG. 1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis BCG was usually grown in glycerol-asparagine-casein hydrolysate medium. A soluble fraction was obtained from the cells with aq. 50% ethanol; unbound lipids were then removed and the cells were treated with dilute alkali to give, after acidification, an alkali-extractable fraction and an insoluble fraction. On occasion, lipopolysaccharides were obtained by extracting with phenol or dimethyl sulphoxide instead of alkali. The soluble fraction contained, particularly after long extraction, polysaccharide containing mainly glucose, in addition to trehalose and monosaccharides and their derivatives. The alkali-extractable fraction contained polysaccharides containing mannose, glucose, arabinose, galactose and 6-O-methylglucose. These could be resolved into three fractions of markedly different molecular size. It is argued that the high-molecular-weight materials originated from the outside of the cell envelope and the medium-molecular-weight materials from a middle layer of the envelope. 2. Exposure of the growing cells to isoniazid, usually at 1 or 10mug/ml for 6-12h, increased the total cell carbohydrate, mainly due to an increase in trehalose and in insoluble glucan. It also facilitated the extraction of polysaccharide into the medium and the soluble fraction. This produced about a 25% decrease in the amount of carbohydrate in the alkaline-extractable fraction, mainly due to a fall in glucose, arabinose and 6-O-methylglucose. The decrease was confined to polysaccharides of large and medium molecular weight. When intact lipopolysaccharides were extracted, their amount was also decreased by isoniazid. 3. Substitution of ammonium sulphate for asparagine and casein hydrolysate in the medium, so that glycerol was the sole carbon source, decreased the carbohydrate accumulation brought about by isoniazid but did not alter its effect on polysaccharide extraction. 4. Growth with (14)C-labelled substrates showed that glycerol provided two to four times as much of the cell carbon as did asparagine, when both were present. Under these conditions isoniazid inhibited the incorporation of carbon atoms from asparagine into the cells, but had little effect on the total incorporation from glycerol. These experiments also showed that the effect of isoniazid on alkali-extractable polysaccharides was due to their loss to the soluble fraction and external medium. 5. It is suggested that isoniazid inhibits a pathway (probably the synthesis of mycolic acid) involved in the formation of the cell envelope, and that this inhibition results in some re-channelling of intermediates into carbohydrate synthesis and in some loss of polysaccharides through damage to the envelope.


Enzymic defects in lipid-storage diseases.


Blocks in the catabolism of sulphatides and gangliosides as a cause of human neurological diseases.


Rougnon's letter to Lorry on the death of Captain Charles. A landmark in the history of angina pectoris.


Evaluation of contrast media used in man for coronary arteriography. The electrocardiographic changes induced by the injection of four contrast media into the right and left coronary arteries of man are described. Comparisons have been made between the different media, the techniques used, and the individual coronary artery injected. We conclude that Hypaque 85 is the medium of choice for coronary arteriography, that injection into the right coronary artery is more hazardous than injection into the left, and that as far as safety is concerned there is nothing to choose between the Sones' and judkins' techniques.


Bretylium tosylate in prevention of cardiac dysrhythmias after myocardial infarction. The prophylactic value of parenterally administered bretylium tosylate against the onset of dysrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction has been assessed by a controlled trial in 101 male patients. Bretylium significantly reduced the incidence of supraventricular dysrhythmias but was without significant effect on the incidence of ventricular dysrhythmias. The only serious side-effect of the drug was hypotension which occurred in one-third of the patients. It is concluded that prophylactic treatment of patients suffering from uncomplicated myocardial infarction with parenteral bretylium tosylate probably does not confer sufficient clinical benefit to warrant its recommendation for preventative use in this disease.


Assessing reports of therapeutic trials.


Maintenance of sinus rhythm after DC reversion of atrial fibrilllation. A double-blind controlled trial of long-acting quinidine bisulphate. Ninety-two patients were entered in a double-blind controlled trial of long-acting quinidine bisulphate for the maintenance of sinus rhythm following DC reversion of atrial fibrillation. By random selection two statistically comparable groups of patients were obtained, a control group being given a placebo and a treated group quinidine bisulphate 1.5 g. per day in two 12-hourly doses. Thirty-seven patients were followed up in the control group and twenty-eight patients in the treated group. The maintenance of sinus rhythm in the treated group was significantly longer than in the control group, especially during the first three months. The mean serum quinidine level in the treated group was 2.2+/-0.3 (SEM) mg. per litre. There was one death among the patients treated with quinidine, which may have been due to quinidine toxicity caused by a high serum quinidine level.


Disappearance in rats with septal lesions of the stimulatory effect of hyoscine on exploratory behaviour.


Isotope dilution in drug analysis.

Isotope dilution in drug analysis.


Extra-corporeal perfusion on an arteriovenous shunt as a method of functional assessment of preserved kidneys.


Retinal angiogenesis in the human embryo.


Deep-sea fish retinas.

Deep-sea fish retinas.


Receptor potentials.

Receptor potentials.


Metabolic survival of the isolated retina.


Optical properties of photoreceptors.

Optical properties of photoreceptors.


Pathophysiology of retinal cotton-wool spots.


Fluorescein angiography in fundus diagnosis.


Laser irradiation of retinal tissue.

Laser irradiation of retinal tissue.


Fluorescein angiography of the fundus in diabetic retinopathy.


Retrolental fibroplasia: management of oxygen therapy.


Some recent work on visual pigments.

Some recent work on visual pigments.


Influence of achlorhydria on aspirin-induced occult gastrointestinal blood loss: studies in Addisonian pernicious anaemia. The effect of aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) ingestion on occult gastrointestinal blood loss has been studied in patients with treated Addisonian pernicious anaemia and proved achlorhydria and in control patients able to secrete hydrochloric acid. A highly significant increase in gastrointestinal blood loss (1.9 ml./day of treatment) occurred with aspirin ingestion in the achlorhydric patients. The control group had a significantly greater increase in blood loss (4.29 ml./day of treatment). Thus aspirin can produce occult gastrointestinal blood loss by a mechanism unrelated to hydrochloric acid. Half of the control patients had losses of similar magnitude to those in the pernicious anaemia group, and the degree of blood loss in individual control patients appeared unrelated to gastric acidity. Differences in gastric mucosal characteristics, in the rate of gastric emptying, or in systemic effects of aspirin may explain the variation between individuals in the degree of occult gastrointestinal blood loss after aspirin.


Clinical trial of the effect of vitamin B12 in elderly subjects with low serum B12 levels. A clinical trial of the effect of vitamin B(12) therapy was conducted in 39 elderly subjects who had been found, in a community screening survey, to have low levels of serum B(12) without a macrocytic anaemia or neuropathy. The study produced no evidence which suggests that in such subjects B(12) is superior to placebo in effecting an improvement in psychiatric state or general well-being. There was a clear tendency for all the subjects to show an improvement during the trial, but this probably represents the therapeutic effect of involvement in a research exercise of this kind.


My father's B.M.J.

My father's B.M.J.


Drugs in depressive illness.

Drugs in depressive illness.


Serratia septicemia.

Serratia septicemia.


Chemotherapy of bronchitis.

Chemotherapy of bronchitis.


Radiology in the diagnosis of renal rejection.


The pyelographic appearance of the transplanted cadaver kidney.


The angiographic signs of rejection in cadaver kidney transplants.


Selective phlebography of transplanted kidneys.


Urographic contrast agents. A comparison of sodium and methylglucamine salts.


An evaluation of anti-diuretic hormone in intravenous urography. "Sniff urography".


A comparison of three substances used for bowel preparation prior to radiological examination.


Evaluation of a delegated procedure: posterior border of the maxillary denture.


A maxillary impression technic.

A maxillary impression technic.


The contours of polished surfaces of complete dentures: a review of the literature.


Impression making for the young child who gags.


D.A. Washburn first dentist to head MLA.


Hypothalamo-hypophysial and ovarian characteristics of gilts fed methallibure.


Cyclical phenomena in the female genital tract of swine--histological observations.


Continuous in vitro culture system for ruminant research. II. Biological characterization.


Experimental diarrhea: salmonella enterocolitis inthe rat.


Enteric infection with Escherichia coli O127 in the mouse. I. Characteristics of infection and systemic and local immune responses in mice of different ages.


A naturally occurring 43 s ribosomal precursor particle in Escherichia coli: nature and ribonucleic acid composition.


In vitro synthesis of T4 bacteriophage head protein using polysomes of T4-infected Escherichia coli.


Nature of the compensating frameshift in the double frameshift mutant hisD3018 R5 of Salmonella typhimurium.


Thermal denaturation and template properties of DNA complexes with purified histone fractions.


Ribosomes from erythromycin-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli Q13.


A reversible change in the ability of Escherichia coli ribosomes to bind to erythromycin.


Indirect fluorescent antibody tests comparing two strains of Histomonas meleagridis and H. wenrichi.


A method of funicular (testicular) lymphography by eliminating indicator dye.


Eugene Francis Van Epps m.D. 1912-1970.

Eugene Francis Van Epps m.D. 1912-1970.


The effect of adenosine monophosphate, arcaine and anti-inflammatory agents on thrombosis and platelet function in rabbits.


Editorial. We don't have much time.

Editorial. We don't have much time.


Laboratory course in removable partial prosthodontics.


Ascorbic acid in wound healing--a review.


The osseous coagulum for bone induction technique. A review.


Accuracy of stone, metal and plastic die materials.


Barend Coenraad Petrus Jansen--a biographical sketch. (1884-1962).


Relationship of plaque size and virulence for chickens of 14 representative Newcastle disease virus strains. Ability of 14 Newcastle disease virus strains to produce large plaques was related to virulence for chickens. Plaque-size comparisons were made under standard conditions in chick embryo cell monolayers. All plaque-producing strains showed a range of plaque sizes modified to a degree by the overlay medium used. An increase in size was found for most strains under methyl-cellulose overlay medium. Markedly larger plaques were found under this medium for both Calif-RO and Calif-CG strains. Heterogeneity in plaque size was most pronounced in velogenic (high virulence) strains. Only populations of small plaques were found in mesogenic (intermediate virulence) strains, and plaques were rarely found in lentogenic (low virulence) strains. Statistical analysis showed that the plaque size of velogenic strains differed significantly from mesogenic strains. None of the 11 plaque-producing strains had a normal distribution of plaque sizes, owing primarily to the presence of different genotypes within the plaquing population of a strain. This was demonstrated by derivation of clones from two of the strains. The populations of the large (Herts L) and small (Herts S) clear plaque clones derived from Eng-Herts were homogenous and distinct from one another on the basis of plaque size. Herts L was more virulent than Herts S. Although Herts L became more heterogenous in respect to plaque size upon repeated passage in embryonated eggs, no decrease in virulence of the strain was observed.


Synthesis of soluble ribonucleates in Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage R17. Measurements were made on the level of synthesis of soluble ribonucleates (sRNA) in Escherichia coli K-12 infected with the ribonucleic acid (RNA)-containing bacteriophage R17. Little or no decrease in sRNA synthesis was found to occur under conditions of infection which result in a 70 to 80% inhibition of ribosomal RNA synthesis.


Antiviral activity of antiserum specific for an influenza virus neuraminidase. Antiserum specific for influenza A(2) neuraminidase was produced by immunization of rabbits with the purified enzyme which had been isolated by electrophoresis from the proteins of a detergent-disrupted A(0)A(2) influenza virus recombinant [X-7 (F1)]. This recombinant contained hemagglutinin of the A(0) subtype and A(2) neuraminidase. Antiserum to the isolated A(2) neuraminidase did not react in any of four serological tests with A(0) or A(2) subtype viruses that lacked the A(2) enzyme. In contrast, the antiserum inhibited the neuraminidase activity only of wild-type and recombinant viruses containing the A(2) enzyme, regardless of the nature of their hemagglutinin proteins. The antiserum caused hemagglutination-inhibition of some, but not all, viruses bearing the A(2) enzyme, and it reduced the plaque size or plaque number of all viruses tested that contained A(2) neuraminidase. In the chick embryo and in cell culture, low dilutions of antiserum reduced the yield of virus. True neutralization of virus in the chick embryo did not occur. We conclude that an antiserum specific for A(2) neuraminidase influenced the yield and release of virus from influenza virus-infected cells.


Host-controlled restriction of T-even bacteriophages: relation of four bacterial deoxyribonucleases to restriction. Escherichia coli strains B and K-12, which restrict growth of nonglucosylated T- even phage (T(*) phage), and nonrestricting strains (Shigella sonnei and mutants of E. coli B) were tested for levels of endonuclease I and exonucleases I, II, and III, by means of in vitro assyas. Cell-free extracts freed from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were examined with three substrates: E. coli DNA, T(*)2 DNA, and T2 DNA. Both restricting and nonrestricting strains had comparable levels of the four nuclease activities and had similar patterns of preference for the three substrates. In addition, mutants of E. coli B and K-12 that lack endonuclease I were as effective as their respective wild types in restricting T(*) phage.


Bacteriophage-induced inhibition of host functions. I. Degradation of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid after T4 infection. The kinetics of degradation of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) after infection of Escherichia coli with T4D, ultraviolet-irradiated T4D, and two amber mutants, N122 and N94, was studied by zone sedimentation through linear glycerol gradients. Within 5 min after infection with any of the bacteriophages, breakdown of host genome was evident. The first product was a high-molecular-weight material (50S to 70S) and further degradation appeared to occur in discrete steps. Rapid and extensive breakdown of bacterial DNA was seen after infection with am N122 and T4D. Infection with ultraviolet-irradiated phage or with am N94 resulted in an accumulation of high-molecular-weight material. These results suggest that the observed degradation of host DNA begins early and requires sequential action of several phage-induced endo- as well as exodeoxyribonucleases.


Replication of T4rII bacteriophage in Escherichia coli K-12 (lambda). The defect of T4rII replication in Escherichia coli K-12 (lambda) can be phenotypically reversed by various supplements to the growth medium. Arginine, lysine, spermidine, and a number of diamines allowed varying levels of rII replication. The best reversion was obtained with 0.4 m sucrose in 0.002 to 0.005 m Ca(++). Monovalent cations severely inhibited reversion. A cell surface site of polyamine action is consistent with the fact that spermidine inhibits phage ghost-induced cell lysis and with the finding that sufficient polyamine is available within the cells to allow normal patterns of neutralization of phage deoxyribonucleic acid, as detected by the polyamine content of progeny phage. In the absence of effective supplements, rII-infected cells swelled and lost refractility. The data indicate that a leaky cell envelop is involved. No difference in mucopeptides of uninfected K-12 (lambda) and K-12 was detected and, because the mucopeptide in r(+) infected cells was found to be at least partially hydrolyzed midway through the lytic cycle, it did not appear that the rII defect concerned mucopeptide synthesis. The pattern of cell phospholipid synthesis changes after phage infection, but no difference was detected between r(+) and rII with regard to biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol.


Adsorption of bacteriophages to adhesions between wall and membrane of Escherichia coli. In plasmolyzed Escherichia coli, wall and membrane adhered to one another at 200 to 400 localized areas. This number of specialized wall areas per cell was of the same order of magnitude as the total number of bacteriophage receptors. When bacteriophages T1 to T7 were adsorbed to the bacteria, they were seen to attach almost exclusively to these areas. Comparisons of the number of adsorbed phage particles observed in ultrathin sections and the expected number of phages per cell were in agreement. These results suggest a sharing of receptive areas by the various phages. Adsorption to the wall-membrane associations would permit the virus to release its nucleic acid at an area closest to the cell's protoplasmic contents.


Host-controlled restriction of T-even bacteriophages: relation of endonuclease I and T-even-induced nucleases to restriction. Restriction of nonglucosylated T2 phage (T(*)2) as a function of bacterial growth state was the same for endonuclease I-containing and endonuclease I-deficient strains of Escherichia coli B. Furthermore, E. coli strains with various levels of restriction for T2 had comparable endonuclease I activities. It was also found that a T4 mutant temperature-sensitive for gene 46 and 47 functions was fully restricted at 42 C. It therefore appears that neither endonuclease I nor the phage-induced nucleases whose activities are blocked by mutations in genes 46 and 47 catalyze the initial event in restriction of nonglucosylated T-even phages.


Physiological and genetic aspects of abortive infection of a Shigella sonnei strain by coliphage T7. Phage T7 adsorbed to and lysed cells of Shigella sonnei D(2) 371-48, although the average burst size was only 0.1 phage per cell (abortive infection). No mechanism of host-controlled modification was involved. Upon infection, T7 rapidly degraded host deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to acid-soluble material. Phage-directed DNA synthesis was initiated normally, but after a few minutes the pool of phage DNA, including the parental DNA, was degraded. Addition of chloramphenicol, at the time of phage infection, prevented both the initiation of phage-directed DNA synthesis and the degradation of parental phage DNA. Addition of chloramphenicol 4.5 min after phage was added permitted the onset of phage-directed DNA synthesis but prevented breakdown of phage DNA. Mutants of T7 (ss(-) mutants) have been isolated which show normal growth in strain D(2) 371-48. Upon mixed infection of this strain with T7 wild type and an ss(-) mutant, infection was abortive; no complementation occurred. The DNA of the ss(-) mutants was degraded in mixed infection like that of the wild type. Revertant mutants which have lost their ability to grow on D(2) 371-48 were isolated from ss(-) mutants; they are, in essence, phenotypically like T7 wild type. Independently isolated revertants of ss(-) mutants did not produce ss(-) recombinants when they were crossed among themselves. When independently isolated ss(-) mutants were crossed with each other, wild-type recombinants were found; ss(-) mutants could then be mapped in a cluster compatible with the length of one cistron. We concluded that T7 codes for an active, chloramphenicol-sensitive function [ss(+) function (for suicide in Shigella)] which leads to the breakdown of phage DNA in the Shigella host.


Enhancement of St. Louis arbovirus plaque formation by neutral red. Experiments with St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus have shown that neutral red enhances the plaque size in duck embryo cell cultures. This may represent a new method for genetic studies of SLE virus population. In a mosquito pool specimen NR(+) and NR(-) particles were demonstrated. By intracerebral passage in mice, there is a selection of NR(+) particles. Similar effects were not shown for eastern, western, and California encephalitis viruses. Plaques formed by the latter virus, however, were significantly reduced in number by neutral red.


Reversible repression of early enzyme synthesis in bacteriophage T4-infected Escherichia coli. A mutant of Escherichia coli B, defective in its accumulation of K(+), was found to synthesize protein at a rate proportional to the level of this cation in the growth medium. When bacteriophage T4-infected cells were incubated in growth medium containing 1 mm K(+), phage deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was synthesized at a rate 25% that of normal, and phage protein was synthesized at a rate of 50% of normal. Deoxycytidine pyrophosphatase, a phage-directed early enzyme, shut off at a level of 55% that of normal when infected cells were incubated in medium containing 1 mm K(+). However, deoxycytidine pyrophosphatase synthesis resumed in these cells when they were shifted to medium containing the normal K(+) concentration (33 mm). DNA synthesis also attained the rate characteristic of this K(+) concentration. These results suggest that phage DNA synthesis is not sufficient to repress early protein formation and also indicate that the inhibitor of early protein formation is an early function whose synthesis is sensitive to the same repression as that of the early proteins.


Control of lysis of T4-infected Escherichia coli. The lysis of Escherichia coli B/5 infected with T4Dr48 could be delayed by addition of 9-aminoacridine (9AA). Infected cells showed an early period of maximal response followed by a decline in sensitivity. The ultimate rate of lysis was also affected by the dye. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), protein, and lysozyme synthesis began at the normal time in complexes inhibited by 9AA addition. The rates of synthesis of these macromolecules were lower in the presence of the dye, with DNA and lysozyme synthesis being more strongly affected than total protein synthesis. Penicillin-sensitive cell wall synthesis stopped at about 10 min after infection. Inhibition of oxidative metabolism by early potassium cyanide addition prevented lysis in the presence of intracellular lysozyme. The cyanide-sensitive event occurred at about 20 min in normal infections, and between 30 and 40 min in 9AA-inhibited infections. 9AA could alter both the time at which the cyanide-sensitive event occurred and the time of lysis. Addition of chloramphenicol did not prevent lysis once intracellular lysozyme was present. Lysis from without of infected cells consisted of three phases: an initial sensitivity, followed by a short period of resistance, and then a return to sensitivity in normal infections. The demonstration of the late return to sensitivity depended on the presence of intracellular lysozyme, and could be delayed by 9AA addition.


Bacteriophage T3- and T7-directed deoxyribonucleases.


Association of adenovirus type 12 deoxyribonucleic acid with host cell chromosomes. Preparations of purified (3)H-labeled adenovirus type 12 ((3)H-Ad. 12) were analyzed for radioactive impurities by Millipore filtration and ultracentrifugation. It was found that only about 1% of the isotope activity was separable from the virions. Exposure of hamster cell lines to (3)H-Ad. 12 resulted in nonlytic infections, and autoradiography indicated that viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), or parts thereof, became associated with host cell chromosomes. Usually, the label was observed in the form of small clusters of grains, as described previously for lytic adenovirus infections of human embryonic kidney cells. The uptake of labeled virus by the PT-K1 line of ratkangaroo cells was close to background level. These cells did not adsorb the virus to any significant extent. Ultraviolet irradiation of the virus for as long as 8 min did not affect viral adsorption onto susceptible cells, nor did it alter the association of viral DNA with host cell chromosomes. The capacity of the virus to induce chromosomal aberrations decreased linearly with an increase in the dose of irradiation, but the decrease occurred at a rate which was four- to fivefold slower than the rate of inactivation of viral infectivity. These results suggest that the capacity to induce chromosomal aberrations is controlled by viral genes.


Harbingers of rejection.

Harbingers of rejection.


Kokopelli of Indian paleology. Hunchbacked rain priest, hunting magician, and Don Juan of the old Southwest.


Sergei Sergeivich Korsakov (1853-1900). Korsakov's psychosis.


Malignant tertian malaria in England.

Malignant tertian malaria in England.


A new method of bolting for the telescopic-crown system.


The telescopic system in dental practice. Treatment with mandibular and maxillary telescoping dentures after extensive preparatory procedures.


The tongue and its relationship to the inserted denture.


Information theory in biology after 18 years.


Tryptophan operon: structural gene mutation creating a "promoter" and leading to 5-methyltryptophan dependence. A strain carrying the mutation trpA515, which maps in the "unusual" region (between the genes trpA and trpB) of the tryptophan operon of Salmonella typhimurium is capable of utilizing anthranilic acid as a growth factor only in the presence of the analog 5-methyltryptophan, normally a potent growth inhibitor. The reason for this peculiar phenotype is the creation by trpA515 of a transcription-initiating signal in the "unusual" region.


Mouse lysozyme production by a monocytoma: isolation and comparison with other lysozymes. A transplantable mouse tumor, GPC-11, produces large amounts of lysozyme. The tumor is a reticulum cell sarcoma, type A, and is a neoplasm of monocytes. The lysozyme was purified from mouse urine in quantities sufficient for structural analysis. Comparison of mouse lysozyme with lysozymes from; chicken egg white and patients with monocytic leukemia reveals similarities in size and electrophoretic mobility and, with human lysozyme, in functional properties; but considerable differences are found in antigenic characteristics and amino acid composition.


Fine structure of the epineural connective tissue sheath of the subesophageal ganglion in Helix aspersa.


Vestibular habituation: experimental ENG results.


On the pathogenesis of uremia.

On the pathogenesis of uremia.


Introduction of Caldwell lecturer, 1969.


The roentgenologic appearance of postoperative congenital megacolon (Hirschsprung's disease).


Hydronephrosis in infants and children-value of high dosage excretory urography in predicting renal salvageability.


Adaptation of the Bergman and Loxley technique for hydroxyproline determination to the autoanalyzer and its use in determining plasma hydroxyproline in the domestic fowl.


Chronic intermittent haemodialysis by means of the subcutaneous arterio-venous shunt.


Methymalonic aciduria.

Methymalonic aciduria.


Three letters by Sir James Young Simpson.


Cardiovascular drugs: experience of the Drug Efficacy Study (DES).


The effect of hypophysectomy on the immune response.


Sister Helen Marie Pellicer, S.S.J.-1924-1968.


Agnes Fay Morgan, May 4, 1884-July 20, 1968.


Effect of regular versus sustained-release multivitamin supplementation upon periodontal parameters. Gingival state.


Recurrent urinary infections in general practice. Repeated episodes of acute, symptomatic urinary tract infections in domiciliary patients have been shown to be due to reinfection in 71% of instances and to recrudescence of the original infection in 29%. Fresh episodes occurring at intervals of less than eight weeks from the original infection were due to reinfection or to recrudescence of infection in roughly equal numbers but those at intervals of eight weeks or more were due to reinfection.


Body composition of pre-adolescent and adolescent girls. IV. Total body water and creatinine excretion.


A clinical and serologic comparison of standard and purified bivalent inactivated influenza vaccines.


Histological fixation by microwave heating.


Cell interactions in the induction of tolerance: the role of thymic lymphocytes.


Cellular basis for synthesis of the fourth component of guinea-pig complement as determined by a haemolytic plaque technique.


The use of colicine typing in a study of the relationship of infecting urinary organism to the faecal flora in pregnant patients with significant bacteriuria.


Virus-like particles in a malignant lymphoma of the tonsil.


Neonatal mastitis due to Escherichia coli.


Suture of the uterine rupture.

Suture of the uterine rupture.


The uses of Braxton Hicks contractions.

The uses of Braxton Hicks contractions.


Phase contrast microscopic observations of the human placenta from six weeks to term. An anatomic and clinical correlation.


Evaluation of cesarean section scar by hysterography.


Fetomaternal exchange of sodium. A possible mechanism of the formation of hydramnios.


Estrogen-deprivation headaches.

Estrogen-deprivation headaches.


Bacterial flora of the cervix during pregnancy.


Euthyroid goiters in children: correlation of needle biopsy with other clinical and laboratory findings in chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and simple goiter.


Human fetal insulin response after acute maternal glucose administration during labor.


The haptoglobins.

The haptoglobins.


Hybridization of mammalian somatic cells.


Some legal aspects of genetic counseling.


Inherited abnormalities of the complement system in man.


The Pi system-inherited variants of serum alpha 1-antitrypsin.


Dr. Med. Hero Tilemann.

Dr. Med. Hero Tilemann.


Josephine E. Renshaw, M.D.

Josephine E. Renshaw, M.D.


Patterns of cardiac output response to acute reduction of ventricular preload and afterload pressures.


Shunts between the coronary and pulmonary arteries with normal origin of the coronary arteries.


Recent advances in the treatment of ectopic tachycardias by electrical pacing.


Albrecht von Haller on inflammation.

Albrecht von Haller on inflammation.


Myocardial infarctectomy.

Myocardial infarctectomy.


Silver allantoinate as an inhibitor of cutaneous bacteria upon the hands of operating room personnel.


Effect of endotoxemia on liver cell mitochondria in man.


Some studies on the treatment of burned hands.


On methods of studying pharmacologically induced transplantation tolerance.


Relationship of rabbit erythrocyte antigens to survival of skin allografts.


Further studies on antigenic differentiation of rabbit lymphocytes.


The influence of ischemia of the brain and transplanted kidney on fibrinolytic activity.


The transfer of intrinsic resistance to penicillins in enteric bacteria by an R factor.


Enhancement of the lethal effect of 2,2'-dichlorodiethylamine on Escherichia coli by thiol-binding agents.


Studies of the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation in intact Escherichia coli B.


A spectrophotometric study of the secondary structure of ribonucleic acid isolated from the smaller and larger ribosomal subparticles of rabbit reticulocytes. The spectrum of RNA from the smaller and larger subparticles of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes was studied as a function of pH, ionic strength, urea concentration and temperature. It was inferred that both RNA species form short double-helical segments of not more than about 10 base-pairs in length. Not more than about 70% of the base residues may be located in double-helical segments. RNA from the larger subparticle is richer in guanine and cytosine residues and its secondary structure is the more stable. These conclusions are based on the use of double-helical RNA from virus-like particles and of unfractionated Escherichia coli tRNA as model systems.


Arteriosclerosis of the pancreas and changes in the islets of Langerhans of repeatedly bred rats.


Effect of endotoxin on the ultrastructure of liver and blood cells of hamsters.


Hypertension and acute rejection processes in allotransplanted kidneys.


The persistence of "steroid-synthesizing cell" antigen and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in organ cultures of normal human placentas.


Imipramine in childhood enuresis: further studies on the relationship of time of administration to effect.


Association of lysosomal enzymes in cultured fibroblasts with the intracellular growth of Mycobacterium lepraemurium.


Current status of leukocyte matching in clinical homotransplantation.


Keen surveillance of asbestos still necessary.


Further progress on bladder cancer.

Further progress on bladder cancer.


A fresh look at acute toxicity.

A fresh look at acute toxicity.


The cycad story extended.

The cycad story extended.


Cooperation of government and physicians in the care of the aging.


Stereotaxic cryoamygdalotomy.

Stereotaxic cryoamygdalotomy.


Dental health and treatment needs of patients in a hospital for the chronically ill.


Quantitative histological studies on the injury of spermatogenesis induced by endotoxin in rats.


Journal of reproduction and fertility.

Journal of reproduction and fertility.


Reproduction in Camelidae.

Reproduction in Camelidae.


A revised list for the estimation of dysarthric single word intelligibility.


The intelligibility of speech by hearing aids on inductance loop and microphone modes of signal reception.


Immunohistochemical observations on lymphoid tissues from conventional and germ-free mice.


Fluphenazine enantha--a long-acting phenothiazine.


Ultrastructural and immunofluorescent studies of glomerulonephritis in chronic hog cholera.


Total protein turnover in animals and man.


Artificial sweeteners--possible photosensitizers.


Recovery rates of children following protein-calorie malnutrition.


Monosodium glutamate--studies on its possible effects on the central nervous system.


Parathyroid mediation of magnesium-calcium interrelationships.


Albumin synthesis during development.

Albumin synthesis during development.


Fructose utilization by the baby pig.

Fructose utilization by the baby pig.


Carbohydrate metabolism in the rat in relation to caloric intake and feeding frequency.


Intestinal lactase--an inducible enzyme?


Detection of bacterial antigen in bacterial and "abacterial" pyelonephritis.


A specific antigen and antibody in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.


A genetic study of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas in cell culture.


Harry L. Alexander 1887-1969.

Harry L. Alexander 1887-1969.


Patterns of cold agglutinin production.

Patterns of cold agglutinin production.


Ralph Henderson Boots 1891-1968.

Ralph Henderson Boots 1891-1968.


Stanley Cobb 1887-1968.

Stanley Cobb 1887-1968.


George F. Dick 1880-1967.

George F. Dick 1880-1967.


Herbert Ziegler Giffin 1878-1969.

Herbert Ziegler Giffin 1878-1969.


Franklin Chambers McLean 1888-1968.

Franklin Chambers McLean 1888-1968.


S. Whittington Gorham 1885-1968.

S. Whittington Gorham 1885-1968.


Wilder Tileston 1875-1969.

Wilder Tileston 1875-1969.


Presentation of the Kober Medal for 1969 to Dana W. Atchley.


The study of adolescent development using a sentence-completion method.


Controlling pressures during complete denture impressions.


The try-in--a time for communication.

The try-in--a time for communication.


Four-handed impression procedure.

Four-handed impression procedure.


Intraoral occlusal adjustment of cuspless posterior teeth with carborundum strips.


The altered cast impression procedure for the distal extension removable partial denture.


The current place of removable partial dentures in restorative dentistry. Based on longitudinal investigations of dento-gingivally supported partial dentures.


Clasp design and rest placement for the distal extension removable partial denture.


Indications and contraindications for precision attachments.


Communicating with dental laboratory technicians.


Cast crown restoration of a badly involved abutment to fit an existing removable partial denture.


Glucagon potentiation of insulin secretion by the perfused rat pancreas.


Fatal systemic candidiasis following treatment of Addisonian crisis in a juvenile diabetic.


Excessive serum insulin response to oral glucose in obesity and mild diabetes. Study of 501 patients.


The XYY syndrome: a short review, a case study and investigatory model.


Forensic science in China--traditional and contemporary aspects.


The spectrum of cholera in rural East Pakistan. I. Correlation of bacteriologic and serologic results.


The secretory immune system, a brief review.


Seroepidemiologic studies during a simultaneous epidemic of infection with El Tor Ogawa and classical Inaba Vibrio cholerae.


Sensitivity of agglutinating and vibriocidal antibodies to 2-mercaptoethanol in human cholera.


Significance of vibriocidal antibodies with regard to immunity to cholera.


The 1968-1969 cholera-vaccine field trial in rural East Pakistan. Effectiveness of monovalent Ogawa and Inaba vaccines and a purified Inaba antigen, with comparative results of serological and animal protection tests.


Acquisition of mycoplasmata and T-strains during infancy.


The chick embryo for the study of infection and immunity.


Predictive effect of urinary concentrating ability and hemagglutinating antibody titer upon response to antimicrobial therapy in bacteriuria of pregnancy.


Hearing disorders and hearing science: ten years of progress.


Laterality differences in the auditory feedback control of speech.


Sound pressure in ear canals modified by surgery.


Simultaneous systemic cardiovascular and renal hemodynamic measurements during high spinal anaesthesia in normal man.


Chlormethiazole as a sedative in normal labour.


A comparison between propanididum and thiomebumal sodium used for the induction of anaesthesia for Caesarean section.


An evaluation of bupivacaine (Marcaine) without adrenaline.


Paracervical block in labour. A double-blind study with bupivacaine, Marcaine.


Hoquizil--a new oral bronchodilator. A double-blind, randomized, coded clinical study using body plethysmography.


Addition of mechanical dead space during I.P.P.B. with the predicted vital capacity as the guide.


Neurology of newborn and young infants of interest to anaesthesiologists.


Host-controlled modification and restriction of foreign chromosomal and plasmid DNA in Shigella flexneri strains.


Capsular material and morphology of some ampicillin sensitive and resistant strains of Escherichia coli K12.


Opsonizing and bactericidal effects of sera from gnotobiotic and conventionalized rats on 32P-labelled E. coli.


Virulence and immunogenicity of mutant strains of Salmonella typhimurium.


An evaluation of Phenonip as a preservative.


Results of corneal transplantation in diffuse corneal edema.


Immunopathology of bullous diseases.

Immunopathology of bullous diseases.


Perspectives in immunopathology.

Perspectives in immunopathology.


The modification of smoking behavior: a search for effective variables.


The discontinuity of neurosis and schizophrenia.


Emphysema.

Emphysema.


Social policy issues in health care of the aging. American Geriatrics Society Seminar, Pebble Beach, California, March 16-18, 1969.


Translation of an historic paper. On a new, strongly radioactive substance, contained in pitchblende: by M.P. Curie, Mme P. Curie and M.G. Bémont; presented by M. Becquerel.


Distinguished nuclear pioneer--1970 John Hundale Lawrence, M.D.


Nuclear pioneer lecturer--1970 Joseph Foster Ross, M.D.


The early history of antirheumatic drugs.


Synergistic killing of bacteria by x-rays, ultraviolet light and P-32 decay.


Pitressin and gastric ultrastructure.

Pitressin and gastric ultrastructure.


Antigenic variant (WFT-2N) of a transplantable rat tumor induced by Friend virus.


Effects of heterospecific antilymphocyte serum on mouse spleen cells "in vivo". I.


The "capsule" of Sporotrichum schenckii and the evolution of the asteroid body. A light and electron microscopic study.


Electron microscopic studies of the invasion of human hair in vitro by three keratinophilic fungi.


Complement-fixing and fluorescent antibody responses to an attenuated Rubella virus vaccine.


A holistic (Horney) approach to the psychoses: the schizophrenias. II. The psychodynamics of clinical symptoms.


In memoriam: Elizabeth Kilpatrick, M.D. (1892-1969).


Induction and repression of arginase and ornithine transaminase in baker's yeast.


Isolation and characterization of two vibrio-shaped methane-oxidizing bacteria.


Osmotic fragility of the group A streptococcal L form.


Iron requirement for longevity of Pseudomonas cultures.


S. Bernard Wortis, MD.

S. Bernard Wortis, MD.


Mapping of the gene chl-B controlling membran bound nitrate reductase and formic hydrogen-lyase activities in Escherichia coli K 12.


Dissociation of alpha-isopropylmalate synthase from Salmonella typhimurium by its feedback inhibitor leucine.


Fructose-6-phosphate and AMP; effectors of proline biosynthesis in Escherichia coli.


Comparison of some physicochemical and catalytic properties of glutamate decarboxylase from various Escherichia coli K-12 sources.


Early in vitro and in vivo transcription of T4 DNA. II. The fidelity of in vitro transcription.


Transfer RNA synthesis, methylation, and thiolation in Escherichia coli cells infected with phage T2.


A simple two-step procedure for the isolation of pure transfer RNA-Lys from Escherichia coli.


The effect of deoxynucleoside 3'-triphosphates on Escherichia coli DNA polymerase.


Properties of phage lambda DNA-RNA polymerase complexes isolated from Escherichia coli (lambda).


Early in vitro and in vivo transcription of T4 DNA. I. Effect of phage T4 infection on RNA production in Escherichia coli.


Combined therapy in anxiety-depressive syndromes. I. Comparative effects of limbitrol (chlordiazepoxide-amitriptyline) and placebo.


Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903-1967).

Gregory Goodwin Pincus (1903-1967). This is an obituary for Gregory Goodwin Pincus whose death in August, 1967, terminated a distinguished career in the biological sciences.  His major work was in reproductive biology.  This work, in collaboration with Dr. John Rock, led to the development and field testing in Puerto Rico of the 1st OC (oral contraceptive).  This work grew out of consultations with Margaret Sanger, a pioneer in the field of world population studies.  Dr. Pincus started with the knowledge that ovulation in mammals can be prevented by administration of progesterone.  His research was directed at compounds which effectively inhibit secretion of pituitary gonadotropic hormones, especially those which are orally active.  Dr. Pincus believed in the internationalism of Science.  In addition to his research in reproduction, he is known for his establishment of the Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology as a place to train young scientists from developing countries so that they might return home and work to improve the level of daily life.  His publications and honors are summarized.


Localization of FSH-releasing factor in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis as determined by in vitro assay.


Endocrine function of the pancreatic allograft.


A double isotope procedure for the determination of progestins in rat ovarian vein blood.


Inhibition of ovarian compensatory hypertrophy by hypothalamic implantation of gonadotrophin in androgen-sterilized rats: evidence for "internal" feedback.


Cerebral blood flow measurement in clinical practice.


Measurement of cerebral blood flow.

Measurement of cerebral blood flow.


The concept of intracerebral steal.

The concept of intracerebral steal.


The effect of space-occupying lesions on cerebral circulation.


Hazards of anesthesia in patients with intracranial space-occupying lesions.


Deliberate interruption of the cerebral circulation.


Scientific observations in anesthesia for neurosurgery.


Effect of dietary particle size on lesion development and on the contents of various regions of the swine stomach.


Examination of the Qbeta-replicase reaction by sucrose gradient and gel electrophoresis. The products of an in vitro synthesis with the Qbeta replicase purified from Escherichia coli infected by the ribonucleic acid (RNA) bacteriophage Qbeta were examined by sucrose gradient centrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was found that, in contrast to sucrose gradients, gel electrophoresis clearly resolved four classes in the newly synthesized RNA. The product was found to contain mature Qbeta-RNA and small-molecular-weight RNA. In addition, two species were identified which corresponded to the structures found in vivo by Francke and Hofschneider and by Franklin. All of the participants implicated in RNA replication by in vivo studies have now been synthesized in vitro and isolated from the reaction mixture.


Clinical value of cerebrospinal fluid acid-base measurement.


Amber mutants of bacteriophages T3 and T7 defective in phage-directed deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis. Amber mutants of the related phages T3 and T7 were isolated and tested for their ability to restore-as the wild type does-thymidine incorporation in ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated, UV-sensitive, nonpermissive host bacteria (Escherichia coli B(s-1)). Most amber mutants had this ability. However, in both T3 and T7, mutants unable to promote thymidine incorporation under these conditions were found and classified into two well-defined complementation groups: T3DO-A and T3DO-B, T7DO-A and T7DO-B. Infection of B(s-1) cells with representatives of groups DO-A had the following characteristics: (i) phage-directed uridine uptake in UV-irradiated cells was reduced to less than 20% of normal; (ii) breakdown of host deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was delayed and incomplete; (iii) no serum-blocking antigens appeared; (iv) no cell lysis occurred; (v) the ability to exclude the heterologous wild type was impaired. Amber mutants of the DO-B groups, infecting B(s-1), were able to: (i) promote an efficient phage-directed uridine uptake in UV-irradiated cells; (ii) bring about rapid breakdown of host DNA; (iii) synthesize serum-blocking antigens; (iv) lyse the host cells, generally after the normal latent period; (v) exclude efficiently the heterologous wild type. Although physiological similarities between the respective DO-A mutants or DO-B mutants of T3 and T7 were evident, no physiological cross-complementation occurred, and genetic crosses gave no evidence of genetic homologies between groups of T3 and T7.


Growth and intracellular development of a new respiratory virus. The multiplication of a new, ether-sensitive, ribonucleic acid virus, 229E, isolated from the human respiratory tract, has been studied in cultures of WI-38 human diploid cells. In thin sections of these cells examined with the electron microscope, particles appeared in vesicles in the cytoplasm of cells at a time corresponding to the initial increase in infectious virus. Antigen was also detected in the cytoplasm of cells by the immunofluorescent technique. Extracellular particles of similar morphology were prominent soon after. These events preceded a detectable cytopathic effect. Later, an electron-dense particle appeared within vacuoles in the cytoplasm but was never found extracellularly. Its role in virus development is not known. Complement-fixing antigen developed along with the increase in infectious virus.


Immunofluorescence and herpes-type virus particles in the P3HR-1 Burkitt lymphoma cell line. A subline of the P3 (Jijoye) Burkitt lymphoma cell line, designated P3HR-1, initially contained 1 to 5% of cells which were positive by indirect immunofluorescence with selected human sera. After 4 months of propagation, this cell line regularly showed 15 to 40% reactive cells. Antigen(s) in the cell line which was reactive by immunofluorescence was similar or identical to that found in several other Burkitt tumor cell lines in previous studies. When the cells were incubated at 35 or 32 C for 9 to 15 days without refeeding, more than 50% of the cells became immunofluorescence-positive. Thirteen different cultures of P3HR-1 cells, which contained up to 75% immunofluorescence-positive cells, were thin-sectioned and examined by electron microscopy. The percentage of cells containing herpes-type virus particles in the cultures varied from <3 to 78%. There was generally a good correlation between the number of immunofluorescent cells and the number of cells containing virus particles. The number of virus particles per cell section ranged from 1 to more than 100. These results strongly support the hypothesis that the immunofluorescent antigen is related to the presence of the herpes-type virus particle in the cells.


Multitailed T2 bacteriophage.

Multitailed T2 bacteriophage.


Detection of bacteriophages from two strains of Clostridium tetani.


Lysis inhibition in Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage T4. A technique of continuous filtration of T4-infected Escherichia coli has been devised to study the phenomenon of lysis inhibition. Studies using this technique revealed that the length of the lysis delay caused by superinfection can attain only certain discrete values, which for low average multiplicity of superinfection is thought to be a reflection of the actual number of superinfecting particles per cell. The time interval between primary and superinfection had little effect on the length of lysis delay. With increasing rate of superinfection, the length of lysis delay decreased. In superinfected cells, the concentration of endolysin exceeded the final concentration in nonsuperinfected cells. Superinfection of a lysing culture induced lysis inhibition immediately. Temperature-shift experiments, with cells primarily infected by a temperature-sensitive endolysin mutant, revealed that after the normal latent period superinfection was unable to induce lysis inhibition. Amber-restrictive cells, which were primarily infected by an endolysin negative amber mutant, released adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the end of the normal latent period although lysis did not occur. Superinfection reduced the loss of ATP markedly. The hypothetical role of the cytoplasmic membrane in lysis inhibition is discussed.


Growth of a dihydrofolate reductaseless mutant of bacteriophage T4. A mutant of bacteriophage T4 was isolated which was unable to induce virus-specific dihydrofolate reductase in infected cells. The mutant was able to form several other early enzymes of pyrimidine metabolism. Growth of the mutant in a wild-type host, Escherichia coli B, was compared with that of the parent strain, T4BO(1), and T4td8, a mutant which lacks the ability to induce thymidylate synthetase. Growth studies were carried out in minimal medium, which gave higher growth rates and phage yields than the supplemented media used in previous studies. The reductase mutant formed deoxyribonucleic acid and plaque-forming particles at a rate slightly higher than the synthetase mutant but 1.5-to 2-fold lower than that of the wild-type phage under all conditions studied. The addition of thymine to a culture infected by the mutant increased the growth rate significantly, suggesting that the genetic lesion leads to a partial thymidylate deficiency. Like other viral genes controlling steps in thymidylate metabolism, the dihydrofolate reductase gene appears to be useful but not completely essential for growth.


Semliki Forest virus in HEp-2 cell cultures. The growth and development of Semliki Forest virus (SFV), an arbovirus of serological group A, in HEp-2 cells in tissue culture was examined by various techniques at frequent intervals. Infectivity and fluorescent-antibody studies demonstrated the presence of infective virus and viral antigens within the cells at 8 hr after infection. The antigen was particulate and distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Thereafter, there was rapid progression of virus production and cell destruction. By electron microscopy, tubular structures bounded by a fine membrane were observed in cytoplasm at 12 hr. Rows of small (25 mmu) virus particles were often present on the outer surface of these membranes, and at later times they became progressively more encrusted with the small virus particles. These structures subsequently increased rapidly in number, size, and complexity, and the space between the membrane and the tubules increased, thus forming vacuoles which contained tubules and were covered with the small particles. At later times (24 hr and later) larger (42 to 50 mmu) particles were observed, usually inside of the vacuoles. These larger particles (and occasionally the smaller ones) were also seen at the cell periphery and in the extracellular space. The large SFV particles appear to form by three distinct processes: (i) from the smaller particles, (ii) by development on an intravacuolar membrane, and (iii) at the ends of the tubules. The mode of development of SFV is unique among viruses studied to date, but in some characteristics it resembles that of other group A arboviruses. Its development differs from that of most arboviruses of group B and other serological groups.


Sex-related resistance in hamsters to adenovirus-12 oncogenesis. II. Influence of virus dose. A significantly higher proportion of female hamsters developed tumors than did males given the same dose of adenovirus-12 (Huie) at birth over a dose range from 10(5.0) to 10(7.0)tcd(50) for human embryonic kidney cells. The 50% tumor dose (td(50)) was calculated to be 10(5.90)tcd(50) for females and 10(6.27) for males. Tumor response patterns induced with approximate td(50) inocula, 10(6.0) for females and 10(6.3) for males, were quite similar. The greater susceptibility of females was not found to be characteristic of a single strain of hamsters; nor was it attributable to a single lot of virus, to a single type of human cell used to produce the virus, nor to the degree of purification of the virus inoculum. The inoculation route did not appear to be of importance. Inasmuch as the foregoing extrinsic factors were of little influence, it was concluded that the mechanism is host-mediated, presumably hormonally controlled. The possibility that female cells, independent of host control, are more susceptible to adenovirus-12 oncogenesis than male cells has not been explored. Tumor regression occurred in 20% of the 211 tumors in males and in 15% of the 355 tumors in females. Adenovirus-12 T-antibody was detected in all but six of 473 sera tested from tumor-bearing hamsters and in 50% of 94 sera tested from non-tumor-bearing animals given virus at birth. Antibodies in the latter group were detected almost exclusively by indirect immunofluorescence. This technique appears to be extremely sensitive for detection of low levels of adeno-12 T-antibodies. The implications of T-antibody in nontumor-bearing virus-injected hamsters are discussed. Sera from normal hamsters were free of T-antibody.


Molecular recombination in T4 bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid. II. Single-strand breaks and exposure of uncomplemented areas as a prerequisite for recombination. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from several "DNA-deficient" amber mutants was observed to be either nicked (amber 22, 82, 122, and wild type) or cut (amber 453) after injection into a nonpermissive host. This effect was inhibited by chloramphenicol (CM), indicating that it is due to phage-induced enzymes. Although most of the mutants tested for replication in a density-label system were in fact DNA-deficient (amber 22, 82, 122), one (amber 81) was found to replicate almost identically to the wild type, and another (amber 453) was found to assume a hybrid density only. The hybrid moiety was less than, or equal to, one phage equivalent length, and was more efficiently extracted from infected bacteria than was similarly replicated DNA from wild-type phage. Interparental recombination between heavy and light parental DNA was observed for amber 82, 122, and wild type, but was not observed for amber 453; it was inhibited by CM. In contrast to amber 82 and wild type, the amber 453 intracellular DNA does not have single-strand regions, Because amber 453, unlike amber 82 and wild type T4, does not recombine, nicking and exposure of single-strand regions is postulated to be a prerequisite for recombination.


Replication of herpes-type virus in a Burkitt lymphoma cell line. Replication of the herpes-type virus in the P3HR-1 Burkitt lymphoma cell line was studied. The cell cultures with 10(6) viable cells/ml were incubated at 33 C for 15 days. The amount of virus in both the cell and fluid portions of the cultures was determined by the loop-drop particle-counting procedure with electron microscopy. An apparent growth curve of the virus was constructed. The maximal cell-associated virus, 10(10) virus particles in an 80-ml culture, was observed after 9 days of incubation. The maximal extracellular virus, 2.5 x 10(9) particles per culture, was observed at the 12th day. About 10% of the released virus particles were enveloped. Under these conditions, there was little or no cell multiplication, but the percentage of immunofluorescent cells reactive to a selected human serum (probably indicating the presence of virus in the cells) increased to a maximum of 50% at the 9th day.


New assay procedure for separation of mycoplasmas from virus pools and tissue culture systems. Presence of mycoplasma organisms in tissue culture systems and virus pools was detected by titration of the contaminated material on agarose-suspended BHK21/13S cells. The use of this method permitted isolation of mycoplasmas which could not be detected by standard assay methods. Mycoplasma colonies at concentrations ranging from 10(4) to 10(6) colony-forming units/ml in agarose-BHK21/13S media could be distinguished from virus plaques, and the two populations of microorganisms could be easily disassociated either by electron microscopy or by biological methods. All isolated mycoplasmas were identified in growth inhibition tests as belonging to the GDL group. The growth inhibition test on agarose-BHK21/13S cell suspension plates could also be applied directly to those strains which could not be isolated by standard assay procedures.


A simple constant-infusion manometric test for measurement of CSF absorption. II. Clinical studies.


Inhibition of puerperal lactation. Double-blind comparison of chlorotrianesene, testosterone enanthate with estradiol valerate and placebo.


Departmental evolution of obstetric anesthesia. A 12-year survey.


Immunologic tests for pregnancy. A comparison. A study was undertaken to determine the most reliable immunologic pregnancy test or tests and to determine which factors unrelated to pregnancy influence test results.  1 direct latex aggutination test using both serum and uterine.  4 latex inhibition-agglutination slide tests, and 3 hemagglutination-inhibition tube tests were used.  These tests were compared in pregnant and nonpregnant patients in the following categories: patients with proteinuria, those receiving psychotropic drugs, women taking oral progestins, postmenopausal females, and hyperthyroid patients.  Also evaluated were patients with a known acute ectopic gestation.  In all, 1661 tests were performed on urine and serum samples from 206 patients.  patients.  Results indicated that there is a difference not only in the sensitivities of the various reagents, but in the degree to which factors other than the presence of chorionic gonadotropin may influence the tests.  In general, the hemagglutination-inhibition tube tests are more sensitive than the latex agglutination-inhibition slide tests, and they are, therefore, able to detect lower levels of chorionic gonadotropin.  Slide tests, however, can be completed in several minutes while tube tests may take as long as 2 hours to complete.  The data of this study indicate that some of the psychotropic drugs, proteinuria, the postmenopausal state, and possibly, hyperthyroidism may cause falsely positive reactions with some of the reagents.  The oral estrogen-progestins do not appear to affect the test results.  As a general all-purpose office pregnancy screening test, the Pregnosticon Slide test appears to offer the greatest number of advantages and the fewest disadvantages.  If increased sensitivity or quantitative studies are desired, the tube tests (UCG, Pregnosticon Tube and Pregnosticon Accuspheres) should be used for problem pregnancies.


Inborn errors of metabolism: some thoughts about their basic mechanisms.


Role of immature rediae in antagonism of Paryphostomum segregatum to Schistosoma mansoni and larval development in degenerated sporocysts.


Electron microscope observations of the body wall of Trichuris suis, Schrank, 1788 (Nematoda: Trichuroidea). I. The cuticle and bacillary band.


A study of schizophrenia. A clinical, prognostic and family investigation.


Effect of atropine on circulatory responses to lower body negative pressure and vasodepressor syncope.


Autoantibodies: friend or foe?

Autoantibodies: friend or foe?


Benjamin Pasamanick, M.D., President, American Orthopsychiatric Association, 1970-71.


Children in poor families: myths and realities.


Population and sample: a major problem in psychiatric research.


Influence of dissolved oxygen levels on production of L-asparaginase and prodigiosin by Serratia marcescens. The effect of dissolved oxygen concentrations on the behavior of Serratia marcescens and on yields of asparaginase and prodigiosin produced in shaken cultures and in a 55-liter stainless-steel fermentor was studied. A range of oxygen transfer rates was obtained in 500-ml Erlenmeyer flasks by using internal, stainless-steel baffles and by varying the volume of medium per flask, and in the fermentor by high speed agitation (375 rev/min) or low rates of aeration (1.5 volumes of air per volume of broth per min), or both. Dissolved oxygen levels in the fermentation medium were measured with a membrane-type electrode. Peak yields of asparaginase were obtained in unbaffled flasks (3.0 to 3.8 IU/ml) and in the fermentor (2.7 IU/ml) when the level of dissolved oxygen in the culture medium reached zero. A low rate of oxygen transfer was accomplished by limited aeration. Production of prodigiosin required a supply of dissolved oxygen that was obtainable in baffled flasks with a high rate of oxygen transfer and in the fermentor with a combination of high-speed agitation and low-rate aeration. The fermentation proceeded at a more rapid rate and changes in pH and cell populations were accelerated by maintaining high levels of dissolved oxygen in the growth medium.


Recovery of airborne streptococcal L-forms at various relative humidities. Aerosolized group A streptococcal L-forms survived better at low than at high relative humidities, and mid-range humidities were the most lethal. Colonial morphology of cells surviving aerosolization was not altered.


The time course of retrograde neuron loss in the hypothalamic magnocellular nuclei of man.


Changes in glial cells during human telencephalic myelinogenesis.


Antibodies against neurons in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, cerebral palsy, and epilepsy.


Cerebral metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid as a biochemical approach to the brain.


Empyema or hydrothorax in the Ninety-Fifth Doge of Venice.


The 131-I ortho-iodohippurate photoscan in human renal allografts. Nine examples, in seven patients, from a large cadaver renal allograft program, illustrate the value of radio-hippuran photoscans in differentiating causes of post-implant oliguria. Hippuran scans are shown to be more valuable than chlormerodrin scans when renal function is acutely depressed. Hippuran scans aided in the decision to remove kidneys in four cases of severe oliguria and to retain kidneys in two others. In two further examples, extravasation of urine was detected by scanning after radio-hippuran injection when other tests had failed to do so.The technique of radio-hippuran scanning has a place in the differentiation of acute and subacute renal dysfunction and has proved particularly valuable in the early oliguric complications of a cadaver renal transplant program.


Skin avulsion of finger (case P44).

Skin avulsion of finger (case P44).


Platelet function: a review. II. Abnormal function.


The insulin releasing activites of extracts of pork intestine.


Persistence of lethal genes in Japanese natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster.


The occurrence of low insulin response to glucose infusion in children.


Bent-knee prosthesis.

Bent-knee prosthesis.


Current views and management of strokes.


Hemorrhage and heat stroke.

Hemorrhage and heat stroke.


Distemper pathogenesis in dogs.

Distemper pathogenesis in dogs.


Comments on pathogenesis of canine distemper.


Measles vaccine for protection of dogs against canine distemper.


Placentation in the garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis.


Localization of a cell wall polysaccharide in a brown alga with labeled antibody.


A light-scattering technique for the study of the permeability of rat brain synaptosomes in vitro.


Willy Kühne (1837-1900) general physiologist.


Gas flow apparatus for the culture of anaerobic micro-organisms.


James Young Simpson and the conquest of pain.


Recent advances in diagnostic gastro-enterology.


Chronic renal failure and the "system".

Chronic renal failure and the "system".


Hermann Helmoltz.

Hermann Helmoltz.


Sanity restored (Zhores Medvedev).

Sanity restored (Zhores Medvedev).


Assembly mapping of 30S ribosomal proteins from E. coli.


Performance of a bacterial RNA polymerase factor in an amphibian oocyte.


Initiation of RNA synthesis: the function of sigma in the binding of RNA polymerase to promoter sites.


Anti-theta antibodies for detecting thymus-dependent lymphocytes in the immune response of mice to SRBC.


Interaction of E. coli G factor with the 50S ribosomal subunit.


Next step for Khorana's gene.

Next step for Khorana's gene.


Inhibition of in vitro immune response by treatment of spleen cell suspensions with anti-theta serum.


Stoned assents.

Stoned assents.


General method for the detection of cells producing antibodies against haptens and proteins.


Pepsins of patients with peptic ulcer.

Pepsins of patients with peptic ulcer.


The diagnostic significance of the intrauterine pressure. II. Clinical considerations and trials.


The fine structure of the pellicle of Euglena gracilis as revealed by freeze-etching.


A controlled comparative study of fluphenazine and fluphenazine enanthate in acute and chronic psychotic patients.


Dilution methods for measurement of cardiac output: A review. SAM-TR-70-5.


Diffusive and convective movement of gas in the lung. SAM-TR-70-5.


Induction of lambda prophage by nalidixic acid.


Phytohemagglutinins--a survey of recent progress.


Short term room temperature storage of human lymphocytes for white cell typing.


Protein denaturation. C. Theoretical models for the mechanism of denaturation.


Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of amino acids, peptides, and proteins.


Mortimer Louis Anson, 1901-1968.

Mortimer Louis Anson, 1901-1968.


Decay of gamma particles in germinating zoospores of Blastocladiella emersonii.


Hypertrophied tissue: an impression problem.


The bacterial flora of the nursing bag and its contents.


Biological examination in endodontics.

Biological examination in endodontics.


M.T.'s monster teeth.

M.T.'s monster teeth.


Bridges in practice. 4.

Bridges in practice. 4.


Experimental production of bladder calculi. II. Chemical and/or infective injury.


Telescopic prostheses.

Telescopic prostheses.


Cellular kinetics in dental research.

Cellular kinetics in dental research.


Some observations on the clinical handling and stability of elastomeric impression materials.


Directory. Indian Dental Association.

Directory. Indian Dental Association.


1970-71 Macomb District Dental Society membership roster.


Renal transplantation.

Renal transplantation.


Immunopathology of myocardial infarct.

Immunopathology of myocardial infarct.


Preservation of canine kidneys before transplantation using hypothermic blood perfusion.


Determination of blood flow in muscles using radioactive xenon (133Xe) in cases of progressive muscular dystrophy.


A route to employment of a certified dental laboratory technician.


Methods for impressions of prepared teeth.


Long period impression for complete dentures.


Evaluated impression methods for ceramics and metal-ceramic restorations.


Making an impression of a partially edentulous jaw with separable individual impression trays made of resin material.


Supplementary impressions for crowns and bridges.


Prosthetic care after cystostomy.

Prosthetic care after cystostomy.


The posterior palatal seal area in complete denture construction.


The influence of water diuresis on the course of experimental E. coli bacteriuria in rats.


Early diagnosis of neonatal syphilis. Evaluation of a gamma M-fluorescent treponemal antibody test.


Virus infections in children. Clinical comparison of overlapping outbreaks of influenza A2-Hong Kong-68 and respiratory syncytial virus infections.


Pneumatosis intestinalis.

Pneumatosis intestinalis.


Classic pages. Ryo Kunieda. Evaluation of pulmonary blood volume in mitral valve disease by T-1824 method. (Application of direct left atrial punkture). Kokyu to Junkan, Tokyo, vol. 3, pp. 510-518, 1955.


Classic pages. Walter J. Meek, Hubert R. Hathaway, and O. S. Orth. The effects of ether, chloroform and cyclopropane on cardiac automaticity Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol 61, pp. 240-252, 1937.


Response of the limb vascular bed in man to intrabrachial arterial infusions of hypertonic dextrose or hypertonic sodium chloride solutions.


Classic pages. W. H. Gaskell. On the tonicity of the heart and blood vessels. Journal of Physiology, vol. 3, pp. 48-75, 1880-82.


Effect of colchicine time and concentration on mitosis of bone marrow cells from irradiated and unirradiated mice in vivo.


Electrophoretical mobility of human lymphocytes in the presence of E. coli L-asparaginase.


Acute renal homotransplant insufficiency.


Red cell enzyme deficiencies.

Red cell enzyme deficiencies.


Uniform donor card for kidney transplants.


Cytological observations on sperm penetration of rabbit eggs.


Alteration of nucleolar ultrastructure in iris epithelial cells during initiation of Wolffian lens regeneration.


Alpha-chymotrypsin: a case study of substituent constants and regression analysis in enzymic structure--activity relationships.


Kinetics and mechanisms of drug action on microorganisms. X. Action of spectinomycin on Escherichia coli by microbial kinetics.


History of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia. 1. In the beginning and later 1817-1900.


Howard Thomas Karsner, M.D. (1879-1970).


Abnormal alpha-cell function in diabetes. Response to carbohydrate and protein ingestion.


Doctor and nurse: changing roles and relations.


Glucagon: physiologic and diabetogenic role.


Immunologic studies of gastrin.

Immunologic studies of gastrin.


Circumoval precipitin test for schistosomiasis.


Overgrowth of lean and adipose tissues in adolescent obesity.


Hypoglycemia and excretion of insulin in urine in hemolytic disease of the newborn.


Photoreactivation of Escherichia coli Bs-3 after inactivation by 313 nm radiation in the presence of acetone.


A study of the relationship between survival and "repair synthesis" of DNA after ultraviolet light exposure.


Radioisotopes in liver and pancreatic disease.


Leaf structure as related to absorption of pesticides and other compounds.


Great men of Padua University, Italy.

Great men of Padua University, Italy.


Renal transplantation at Groote Schuur Hospital: a report of 13 cases.


Budapest Medical University--200 years old.


Medico-historical exhibition in the Budapest Semmelweis Museum.


Pelvic exenteration.

Pelvic exenteration.


Absorption of iron.

Absorption of iron.


Diseases due to abnormalities of hemoglobin structure.


Mycoplasmas as infectious agents.

Mycoplasmas as infectious agents.


Current concepts of interferon and interferon induction.


The combined diuretic action of quinethazone and furosemide in congestive heart failure. A permutation trial test.


Some endocrine and metabolic aspects of obesity.


In memorian Erik Johan Warburg February 3, 1892--October 30, 1969.


Cystic fibrosis in adults.

Cystic fibrosis in adults.


Topical antimetabolites.

Topical antimetabolites.


Tenuate dospan as an appetitie suppressant in the treatment of obese children.


A clinical trial of glybenclamide (HB-419): a new oral hypoglycemic agent.


Ribosome-catalyzed ester formation.

Ribosome-catalyzed ester formation.


"Respirable" dust sampling.

"Respirable" dust sampling.


Hormonal effect on transfer ribonucleic acid methylases and on serine transfer ribonucleic acid.


Studies on the kinetics of ribonucleic acid chain initiation and elongation.


Levels of 5,6-dihydrouridine in relaxed and chloramphenicol transfer ribonucleic acid.


2,5-dihydrophenylalanine as an inhibitor of microbial growth.


Volatile acid production by Clostridium botulinum type F.


Cardiac output measurement by continuous infusion of radio iodinated sodium hippurate into the left ventricle. Comparison with Evans blue and with the Fick principle in man.


A review: perinatal-congenital leukemia in twins.


A screening test for organic brain disease in emergency psychiatric evaluation.


LSD and chromosomes.

LSD and chromosomes.


On the nature of the influenza virus genome.


Immunology and pathogenesis of experimental amyloidosis.


Studies on possible mechanisms of programmed cell death in the chick embryo.


Transplantation of RNA-labeled micromeres into animal halves of sea urchin embryos. A contribution to the problem of embryonic induction.


Immunological maturation and lymphoreticular cancer transformation in Larval xenopus laevis, the South African clawed toad.


Development of reflexes from skin grafts in Rana pipiens: influence of size and position of grafts.


A clinical and biochemical correlation between tyramine and migraine headache.


Pentagastrin as a stimulant in routine clinical testing of gastric acid secretion.


Antibiotic sensitivity of Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry septicaemia.


Asymptomatic bacteriuria in diabetics attending a diabetic clinic.


Microcolony survival assay for cells of mouse intestinal mucosa exposed to radiation.


The Ohio State University College of Optometry. I.


Influence of glucose on the repair of single-strand breaks in DNA of x-irradiated Escherichia coli B-r.


Pharmaceutical themes on 'patriotic envelopes'.


Regulation of proline degradation in Salmonella typhimurium. The pathway for proline degradation in Salmonella typhimurium appears to be identical to that found in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Delta(1)-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid (P5C) is an intermediate in the pathway; its formation consumes molecular oxygen. Assays were devised for proline oxidase and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-specific P5C dehydrogenase activities. Both proline-degrading enzymes, proline oxidase and P5C dehydrogenase, are induced by proline and are subject to catabolite repression. Three types of mutants were isolated in which both enzymes are affected: constitutive mutants, mutants with reduced levels of enzyme activity, and mutants unable to produce either enzyme. Most of the mutants isolated for their lack of P5C dehydrogenase activity have a reduced level of proline oxidase activity. All the mutations are cotransducible. A genetic map of some of the mutations is presented. The actual effector of the pathway appears to be proline.


Molecular recombination between R-factor deoxyribonucleic acid molecules in Escherichia coli host cells. THREE PREVIOUSLY STUDIED R FACTORS WERE USED: 222/R4, controlling transmissible resistance to sulfonamide, streptomycin, chloromycetin, and tetracycline (SU(r) SM(r) CM(r) TC(r)); 222/R3, a derivative of 222/R4 (now termed 222/R3W) having lost TC(r); and R15, controlling infectious resistance to SU and SM only. Two types of derivative R factors were isolated from 222/R4 by serial subculture in Salmonella species. One derivative, termed 222/R1, lost resistance to SU, SM, and CM, and the other, termed 222/R3N, lost only TC(r). Each factor was transferred to a standard Escherichia coli K-12 host. Recombinant factors of 222/R4 phenotype were isolated by selection after mixed culture of E. coli (222/R1)(+) and (222/R3N)(+) strains. Density-gradient equilibrium centrifugation of lysates of E. coli R(+) hosts in the presence of ethidium bromide separated R-factor deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as a heavy satellite peak which was subjected to electron microscopy or analytical density gradient centrifugation. Each DNA comprised a unimolecular species of circular DNA. The contour of R15 measured 22.3 mum [equivalent to 46 x 10(6) atomic mass units (AMU)], and that of 222/R4 measured 33.6 mum (70 x 10(6) AMU). 222/R3W appeared to be a point mutant or small deletion of 222/R4 with an almost identical size, whereas 222/R3N had lost a DNA segment of about 3 mum, and measured 30.3 mum or 63 x 10(6) AMU. The 222/R1 factors also appeared to have arisen by loss of DNA from 222/R4, 222/R1A being 22.3 mum or 46 x 10(6) AMU, whereas all other 222/R1 factors appeared to be duplicates, measuring 25.6 mum or 53 x 10(6) AMU. The DNA from six recombinant factors of R4 phenotype was indistinguishable in size and configuration from the parental 222/R4. In most cases, the number of R-factor copies (present as covalently closed circular molecules) per copy of the E. coli chromosome was less than 2, ranging from 1.2 to 3.3.


Mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 with an altered glutamyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase. Three streptomycin-suppressible lethal mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 have been shown to possess structurally altered glutamyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetases. Each mutant synthetase displays a K(m) value for glutamate which is 10-fold higher than the parental value, and the mutations reside in two widely separate loci on the genetic map. Mixing of the mutant extracts in pairs gave no indication of in vitro complementation. All three enzymes charge the minor tRNA(glu) fraction identically, but one (EM 120) charges the major fraction at a twofold lower rate than do the other two (EM 102 and EM 111). Possible explanations for the existence of the two synthetase loci are presented.


Effect of ultraviolet light on division and deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in Haemophilus influenzae. The effects of ultraviolet (UV) light on cell morphology, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis, and protein synthesis in UV-sensitive and UV-resistant strains of Haemophilus influenzae were examined. Relatively low doses of UV induce lyses in the sensitive strains but not in the resistant mutant; however, UV temporarily blocks cell division of the resistant mutant, and elongated cells are formed after a period of incubation. Low doses of UV do not stop DNA synthesis in any of the strains examined; however, they do slow the rate of DNA synthesis in a manner consistent with the model correlating the kinetics of postirradiation DNA synthesis with the cell's ability to repair UV-induced DNA lesions. The data are not consistent with a model in which UV causes all DNA synthesis to stop for a time linearly dependent on dose.


Steady-state measurement of the turnover of amino acid in the cellular proteins of growing Escherichia coli: existence of two kinetically distinct reactions. Turnover of cellular protein has been estimated in Escherichia coli during continuous exponential growth and in the absence of extensive experimental manipulation. Estimation is based upon the cumulative release into carrier pools of free leucine-1-(14)C over a number of time intervals after its pulsed incorporation into protein. Breakdown rates obtained with other labeled amino acids are similar to those obtained with leucine. Two kinetically separate processes have been shown. First, a very rapid turnover of 5% of the amino acid label occurs within 45 sec after its incorporation, most likely indicating maturative cleavages within the proteins after their assembly. A slower heterogeneous rate of true protein turnover follows, falling by 39% in the remaining proteins for each doubling of turnover time. At 36 C, the total breakdown rate of cellular protein is 2.5 and 3.0% per hr over a threefold range of growth rate in glucose and acetate medium, respectively. This relatively constant breakdown rate is maintained during slower growth by more extensive protein replacement, one fifth of the protein synthesized at any time in the acetate medium being replaced after 4.6 doubling times. Intracellular proteolysis thus appears to be a normal and integral reaction of the growing cell. The total rate equals minimal estimates obtained by others for arrested or decelerated growth but is kinetically more heterogeneous. Quantitatively proteolysis is not directly affected by growth arrestment per se as caused by alpha-methylhistidine, chloramphenicol, or uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, but qualitatively it can gradually become more homogeneous kinetically as a secondary event of starvation. Under more extreme conditions as with extensive washing, prolonged phosphorylative uncoupling, or acidification of the growth medium, the proteolytic rate can increase severalfold.


Pseudouridulate synthetase of Escherichia coli: correlation of its activity with utilization of pseudouridine for growth. A direct correlation exists between the pseudouridylate synthetase activity and the ability of pyrimidine auxotrophs of Escherichia coli to grow on pseudouridine.


Streptomycin-suppressible lethal mutations in Escherichia coli. Forty-one mutants have been isolated which require streptomycin for growth on complete medium. These streptomycin-suppressible lethal mutations are located randomly around the Escherichia coli genetic map; during growth in liquid culture, they exhibit a variety of responses to the removal of streptomycin as judged by turbidity, cell morphology, and macromolecular synthesis. In particular, some mutants are primarily affected in protein or ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis (or both), one in deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, and two in lipid synthesis. Ten mutants affected in protein synthesis were examined for the activities of all twenty aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases, and three were found to have altered glutamyl-transfer RNA synthetase activities. The advantages of this method for isolating a wide variety of conditional lethal mutants are discussed.


Two new serological groups of Actinomyces. Actinomyces odontolyticus and A. viscosus are designated as group E and group F in the serological grouping of the Actinomyces.


Influence of temperature on steady-state growth of colonies of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Diameters of surface colonies of Pseudomonas fluorescens were observed to increase linearly with time at temperatures from 30 to 0 C.


Mapping of a locus for unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. A mutation affecting unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in Escherichia coli has been mapped. This mutation, which is in the fabB locus, lies between the aroC and purF loci.


Genetic mapping and dominance of the amber suppressor, Su1 (supD), in Escherichia coli K-12. In this report Su1 (supD), which is known to suppress "amber" mutations by means of a specific transfer ribonucleic acid, has been mapped relative to his and uvrC and has been found to be located at about 37.5 min on the Taylor and Trotter genetic map of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome. In addition, Su1(+) has been shown to be dominant over Su1(-), which supports the idea that Su1 is the structural gene for the suppressing transfer ribonucleic acid.


Repair of radiation-induced damage in Escherichia coli. II. Effect of rec and uvr mutations on radiosensitivity, and repair of x-ray-induced single-strand breaks in deoxyribonucleic acid. Strains of Escherichia coli K-12 mutant in the genes controlling excision repair (uvr) and genetic recombination (rec) have been studied with reference to their radiosensitivity and their ability to repair X-ray-induced single-strand breaks in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Mutations in the rec genes appreciably increase the radiosensitivity of E. coli K-12, whereas uvr mutations produce little if any increase in radiosensitivity. For a given dose of X-rays, the yield of single-strand breaks has been shown by alkaline sucrose gradient studies to be largely independent of the presence of rec or uvr mutations. The rec(+) cells (including those carrying the uvrB5 mutation) could efficiently rejoin X-ray-induced single-strand breaks in DNA, whereas recA56 mutants could not repair these breaks to any great extent. The recB21 and recC22 mutants showed some indication of repair capacity. From these studies, it is concluded that a correlation exists between the inability to repair single-strand breaks and the radiosensitivity of the rec mutants of E. coli K-12. This suggests that unrepaired single-strand breaks may be lethal lesions in E. coli.


Comparisons of F factors and R factors: existence of independent regulation groups in F factors. The similarity of sex pili mediated by F factors and R(fi(+)) factors and the ability of R(fi(+)) factors to control by repression the functioning of pilus genes encoded by the F factor suggested that F factors and R(fi(+)) factors are closely related. Further comparisons of the episomal properties of F factors and R(fi(+)) factors, however, indicated many differences. F factors contain information for a restriction system for phages phiII and T7. Cells containing R factors are sensitive to these phages. Furthermore, R(fi(+)) factors do not repress the F factor phiII restriction system in cells containing both an R(fi(+)) factor and an F factor. R factors and F factors are heteroimmune episomes. In addition, an R(fi(+)) factor in cells containing both an R factor and an F factor does not fully repress the expression of F-factor immunity to an incoming second F factor. R-factor and F-factor replication systems are not identical. Wild-type F-factor replication genes will complement the mutant F(ts114)lac(+) replication genes in cells containing two F factors. The F(ts114)lac(+) episome is retained when these cells are grown at 42 C; however, cells containing an R(fi(+)) factor and F(ts114)lac(+) lose the F(ts114)lac(+) when grown at 42 C, at the same rate as cells containing only the F(ts114)lac(+). The replication system of the R(fi(+)) factor will not complement the mutant F(ts114)lac(+) replication system.


Genetic exchange between Escherichia coli strains in the mouse intestine. Germ-free mice contaminated with selected Escherichia coli strains were used for experiments designed to demonstrate gene transfer and recombinant formation in vivo. The well-characterized conjugation system of E. coli K-12 was examined in these experiments. Contamination of germ-free mice with a polyauxotrophic F(-) strain followed by the addition of isogenic Hfr, F', or F(+) strains resulted in the appearance of all recombinant classes at frequencies that would be expected from an in vitro mating experiment. Inheritance of unselected donor markers occurred at frequencies that were dependent on linkage relationships established in experiments in vitro. The presence of Lactobacillus had no influence on gene transfer and recombinant formation in an F' x F(-) in vivo mating. The R factor ROR-1 was transferred from E. coli strain M7-18 to an E. coli F(-) strain in the mouse intestine.


The chemical structure of tryptophanase from Escherichia coli. I. Isolation and structure of a pyridoxyl decapeptide from borohydride-reduced holotryptophanase.


Control of colanic acid synthesis.

Control of colanic acid synthesis. The nucleotide pools of certain mucoid, colanic acid-synthesizing strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Aerobacter cloacae were examined, and in all cases the nucleotide sugars uridine-5'-diphosphate glucose (UDPG), uridine-5'-diphosphate galactose (UDPGal), guanosine-5'-diphosphate fucose (GDPF), and uridine-5'-diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDPGA) were detected. It is postulated that these nucleotide sugars are precursors in the synthesis of colanic acid. The levels of these nucleotide sugars and of the enzymes involved in their synthesis were examined in a number of mucoid strains and compared with the levels found in certain strains which were repressed in the synthesis of colanic acid, only becoming mucoid when grown in the presence of p-fluorophenylalanine (PFA). The levels of UDPG and UDPGal and the enzymes involved in their synthesis were substantially the same in both mucoid and repressed types, but the levels of UDPGA and GDPF and of some of the enzymes involved in their synthesis were much higher in mucoid strains. When repressed strains were grown in the presence of PFA, the levels of UDPGA and GDPF approached those found in mucoid strains. The existence of an operon, containing genes coding for certain key enzymes involved in colanic acid synthesis has been suggested.


Studies on the mechanism of fatty acid synthesis. XXIV. The acetyl- and malonyltransacylase activities of pigeon liver fatty acid synthetase.


Protein degradation in Escherichia coli. I. Measurement of rapidly and slowly decaying components.


Bacterial utilization of oligopeptides containing beta-2-thienylalanine and phenylalanine.


Uptake of [14C]-labeled tri-, tetra-, and pentapeptides of phenylalanine and glycine by Escherichia coli.


Characterization of colicin Ia and colicin Ib. Purification and some physical properties.


Gamma component, a new myofibrillar protein of skeletal muscle.


The biosynthesis of folic acid. XI. Purification and properties of dihydroneopterin aldolase.


Management of congenital anomalies of the vagina.


An improved technique for total abdominal hysterectomy. A preliminary report.


Looking back at Luenbach: 296 non-hospital abortions. 296 nonhospital abortions using an abortifacient paste method are examined in support of the outpatient abortion.  Patients ranged in age from 11 to 47 years, 20% were married, and 98% were in the poverty or lower income level.  The patients were seen at 2 1/2 months gestation.  Under sterile conditions in a doctor's office 10-40 cc of a high viscosity paste - potassium neutral soap with KI and thymol, borne in a multitincture menstruum - was admitted by syringe into the internal os.  The method paralleled the Luenbach paste method but abrasives were absent.  The paste impaired circulation between zygote and chorion frondosum.  On the 2nd day ergotrate was given.  Flow lasted 3-7 days.  There was frequent follow-up by phone.  Check-up vaginals were done at 1 and 3 weeks.  78% had excellent results.  11% needed 2-3 weeks treatment with carbazochrome salicylate, vitamin K, or medrozyprogesterone acetate.  3% required dilatation and curettage.  The 6% failures should be considered operator failures in misjudging length of gestation.  Sepsis, serious complications, or fatality were absent with this method.  Preliminary history omitted cases from this method that might preclude complications.  The success with these cases indicates that the nonhospital, paste-induced abortion can be both effective and safe.


Haitian eye care program.

Haitian eye care program.


Theodore Kenneth Lawless, M.D., M.S., D.Sc., LL.D., 1892.


Etiology of malignant tumours of the nasopharynx. A contribution.


The book of accidents: designed for young children. Published in New Haven in 1830.


The distribution and toxicity of bilirubin. E. Mead Johnson address 1969.


Histidinemia discovered by urine screening after renal transplantation.


Personal recollections of Professor Jacques Joseph.


Isolation and rapid identification of Mycoplasma species from canine tissues by plate immunofluorescence.


Failure of an interferon inducer to inhibit multiplication of Mycobacterium leprae.


Immunosuppression, interferon inducers, and leukemia in mice.


Neurobehavioral development and the genotype-environment interaction.


Clotting abnormalities including intravascular clotting following transplantation of preserved livers in pigs.


Clearance of coagulation and fibrinolysis products by the reticuloendothelial system.


Liver transplantation in the dog.

Liver transplantation in the dog.


Thiaminase-induced encephalopathy. A review.


Strabismus.

Strabismus.


Guanethidine ophthalmic solution 5 per cent. Use in the treatment of endocrine exophthalmos.


Repair of filtering blebs following cataract surgery.


John Martin and the million dollar cure.


Pepstatin, a new pepsin inhibitor produced by Actinomycetes.


Relationship of the immunofluorescence reaction and the Sabin-Feldman reaction (second report).


The structure of pepstatin.

The structure of pepstatin.


Robert William Johnstone, CBE, LLD. 1879-1969.


Pharmacologic quantitation of cardiac sympathetic reinnervation.


Selection of allograft recipients by leukocyte and kidney cell phenotyping.


Correlations of test skin grafts and renal allograft function in human subjects genotyped for HL-A.


Effect of ventilatory methods and patterns on physiologic shunt.


The royal dentists.

The royal dentists.


Experimental acute immunologic ocular vasculitis.


Trends in lower extremity bracing.

Trends in lower extremity bracing.


An expedition to Yucatan in 1842. A combination of archeology and strabismus surgery.


New member of editoral board.

New member of editoral board.


In vitro replication of viral RNA.

In vitro replication of viral RNA.


Obituary. Claude Roderick Toop, B.V.Sc.(Hons).


Isolation of temperature-sensitive conditional lethal mutants of an avian adenovirus (CELO), and localization of viral antigen in cells infected with them.


Nucleotide sequence of a ribosome attachment site of bacteriophage f2 RNA.


Effect of ribonuclease on Escherichia coli ribosomes.


Reactivation of denatured RNA polymerase from E. coli.


Demonstration of missing membrane proteins in deletion mutants of E. coli K12.


The mutagenic specificity of sodium bisulfite.


Inactivation and dissociation of beta-galactosidase by amines.


Measurement of oxygen and nitrous oxide uptake in the rabbit during anaesthesia.


Hans Reiter 1881-1969.

Hans Reiter 1881-1969.


The antibacterial action of anaesthetic vapours.


An appraisal of chloroquine.

An appraisal of chloroquine.


Presentation of the Julius Friedenwald medal to Andrew Conway Ivy.


A controlled study on the use of propantheline and amylopectin sulfate (SN-263) for recurrences in duodenal ulcer.


A spectrophotometric method for the analysis of pepsin.


Commercially available Lowenstein-Jensen media.


Basal and histamine-induced gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the conscious miniature pig.


Ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative colitis.


Amylopectin sulfate, propantheline and recurrent duodenal ulcer.


Federation Dentaire Internationale. Regular member associations.


Federation Dentaire International. List of supporting members.


Report of the Commission on Dental Research 1968-69.


The proliferation of astrocytes around a needle wound in the rat brain.


Identification of mineral particles in pneumoconiotic lungs. An extraction replication technique has been used for the study, by electron microscopy, of lung tissue from a number of different cases of pneumoconiosis. The technique provides a relatively simple means of studying the surface area of replicated tissues, and any foreign particles present which are either replicated or extracted from the tissue can be identified. A set of standard micrographs of different types of mineral particles likely to be encountered should be kept for reference. Most of the particles identified by this technique were beyond the limits of resolution of optical microscopy. Furthermore, the procedure involves the minimum of chemical and physical treatment. The histochemical diagnosis and industrial history was confirmed in the first two cases described, by the electron microscopy investigations. The third case presented an uncertain histological and industrial history, but an electron microscopy study confirmed the presence of the mineral particle considered responsible for the clinical condition. The fourth and fifth cases described illustrate the use of this technique in identifying a particular type of pleomorphic mineral, and illustrating its position in situ in relation to surrounding tissue.


Histopathology and the future.

Histopathology and the future. A plea is made for a revolution in diagnostic histopathology. In the present account a brief analysis is given of the drawbacks to existing methods used in the histopathological laboratory and suggestions are made for research in those methods which could lead to progress in the speed and sensitivity of diagnosis and to great economies in histopathological practice. The abolition or replacement of certain techniques used at present is proposed.


Comparison of the indirect fluorescent antibody test with agglutination, complement-fixation, and Coombs test for Brucella antibody. A comparison is made of a Brucella fluorescent antibody test with four standard tests on 342 normal, 86 diagnostic, and 41 known positive human sera. Where positive titres of accepted significance were obtained in standard tests, a titre of 1/10 or more was achieved in the fluorescence test.


An embedding and sectioning technique for immunohistochemical studies of minute specimens of tissue.


Imperforate anus in the adult.

Imperforate anus in the adult.