Inducible metabolic abnormalities during development of obesity.


Superinfection in lymphoreticular diseases.


Clinical application of continuous monitoring of respiratory failure.


Alpha 1  antitrypsin deficiency and pulmonary emphysema.


Metabolic modification of Parkinson's disease and of chronic manganese poisoning.


Papillary muscle dysfunction in coronary (ischemic) heart disease.


Abnormalities in cardiac contractility associated with localized myocardial damage.


Late complications of heart valve replacement.


Intestinal digestion and maldigestion of dietary carbohydrates.


Kinins in human disease.

Kinins in human disease.


Antigenic reversion in human cancer.

Antigenic reversion in human cancer.


Senile macular degeneration.

Senile macular degeneration.


Polyprenols.

Polyprenols.


Terpenoids in insects.

Terpenoids in insects.


Biosynthesis of terpenoid alkaloids.

Biosynthesis of terpenoid alkaloids.


Natural substances formed biologically from mevalonic acid. Chairman's opening remarks.


Sterol biosynthesis.

Sterol biosynthesis.


Immunologic studies of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.


Chemistry of mevalonic acid.

Chemistry of mevalonic acid.


Nature and distribution of terpene quinones.


"Whither nuclear medicine"?

"Whither nuclear medicine"?


Combination chemotherapy in malignant disease.


The prevention of radiation sickness. Report of a double blind random clinical trial using prochlorperazine and metopimazine.


Experimental Goodpasture's syndrome: acute pulmonary lesions caused by kidney-localizing anti-lung antibodies.


Tetracycline in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A double blind controlled study.


Gold nephropathy in rats--light and electron microscopic studies.


Genetic analyses of nonmotile double mutants in Salmonella typhimurium: a new mapping method by abortive transduction.


The significance of 5-hydroxytryptamine for insulin secretion in the mouse.


Use of USU-type dental engines.

Use of USU-type dental engines.


Possible cases of relaxed selection in civilized populations.


Epidemiology and planning.

Epidemiology and planning.


Release of aromatic amines from brain tissues of the rat in vitro.


Inadequacy of myelin phospholipids for restoration of succinoxidase activity in lipid-depleted mitochondria.


The uptake and subcellular distribution of aromatic amines in the brain of the rat.


Sandro Vescia.

Sandro Vescia.


Partial purification and properties of uridine nucleosidase from Baker's yeast.


Joseph Stanley Verco.

Joseph Stanley Verco.


The water bed in a spinal injury unit.

The water bed in a spinal injury unit.


Kenneth Stephen Richardson.

Kenneth Stephen Richardson.


Spina bifida in South Australia: problems in education.


Genetic studies of the ribosomal proteins in Escherichia coli. 7. Mapping of several ribosomal protein components by transduction experiments between different strains of Escherichia coli.


Heterogeneity of 5S RNA in Escherichia coli.


The patterns of recombination and segregation in terminal regions of T4DNA molecules.


Dental plaque and oral health.

Dental plaque and oral health.


Chromosome analysis of abnormal cells.

Chromosome analysis of abnormal cells.


Haemoglobin Constant Spring--a chain termination mutant?


Identification of the trail pheromone of a leaf-cutting ant, Atta texana.


Design and synthesis of controlled release pesticide-polymer combinations.


Release of oxytocin and vasopressin by the human foetus during labour.


Cytochalasin B reversibly inhibits melanin granule movement in melanocytes.


Muscarinic action of acetylcholine.

Muscarinic action of acetylcholine.


Cerenkov light from  32 P as an aid to diagnosis of eye tumours.


Transfer of blastocysts as applied in experimental teratology.


Transformation of human leucocytes by throat washing from infectious mononucleosis patients.


Sepsis and intravenous catheters.

Sepsis and intravenous catheters.


Garson Friedland, M.B., Ch.B. (Univ. Aberd.), D.M.R. & E. (Univ. L'pool).


Christiaan Johannes Slabbert, M.B., Ch.B.


The influence of different "skin grafts" on the evaporative water loss from burns.


Walter H. Fink.

Walter H. Fink.


Ralph Irving Lloyd.

Ralph Irving Lloyd.


Eugene Maurice Blake.

Eugene Maurice Blake.


Old apparatus for removing soft lens matter.


Experimental and clinical studies on scleral encircling operations.


William Edgar Borley, M.D.

William Edgar Borley, M.D.


Frederick Allison Davis.

Frederick Allison Davis.


Atypical mycobacterial infections in ophthalmology.


William Walter Greulich. A dedication.

William Walter Greulich. A dedication.


Purification of factor Ts: studies on the formation and stability of nucleotide complexes containing transfer factor Tu.


Studies on the formation of transfer ribonucleic acid-ribosome complexes. XVII. The effect of tRNA on aminoacyl-oligonucleotide binding to ribosomes.


Transfusion-induced malaria.

Transfusion-induced malaria.


The central nervous system and physiological mechanisms of "optimal" cardiovascular control.


Blood coagulation changes in disease.

Blood coagulation changes in disease.


Liver function tests.

Liver function tests.


Disease: description and decision.

Disease: description and decision.


Recent advances in porphyrin metabolism.


Alcoholic cardiomyopathy.

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy.


Organized ambulatory health service in International perspective.


The linkage map of Streptomyces rimosus.


Pre- and post-irradiation effects upon lethality and reversion in Salmonella typhimurium.


Dependence of the selection of thymineless mutants on the acriflavine sensitivity in Escherichia coli treated with aminopterin.


DNA incorporated.

DNA incorporated.


Selecting messengers for survival.

Selecting messengers for survival.


Why colicins are lethal.

Why colicins are lethal.


Mycoplasmas in human genito-urinary pathology.


Defective DNA synthesis in permeabilized yeast mutants.


Changes of vitamin A in blood and liver of organophosphorus poisoned suicides.


Immunohistochemical localization of dopamine- -hydroxylase in the peripheral and central nervous system.


Pathogenesis of Clostridium botulinum type A: release of toxin from C. botulinum spores in vitro by leucocytes.


Brain electrical activity: an examination of the theoretical basis and practical applications.


A histometric method for linear measurement.


Serum hepatitis in Swedish track-finders.


Multiple analyses and their use in the investigation of patients.


Biochemical aspects of muscle disease.

Biochemical aspects of muscle disease.


Hereditary metabolic disorders of the urea cycle.


Enhancement of the phenylalanyl-oligonucleotide binding to the peptidyl recognition center of ribosomal peptidyltransferase and inhibition of the chloramphenicol binding to ribosomes.


Inhibitors of protein synthesis by ribosomes of the 80-S type.


World-wide differences in the sex ratio of bronchial carcinoma.


The necropsy findings in carcinoma of the bronchus.


Recurring spontaneous pneumothorax and its association with endometriosis.


The influence of bromhexine (Biosolvon) on the levels of ampicillin and oxytetracycline in sputum.


Mutagenic and prophage-inducing activities of 1-alkyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidines.


Pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis: some current views.


Bisolvon and bisolvomycin up to date.

Bisolvon and bisolvomycin up to date.


Preferential sites of involvement and spread in maignant lymphomas.


Phenethyl alcohol resistance in Escherichia coli. II. Replication of F factor in the resistant strain C600.


The genetic homology of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli.


Initiator constitutive mutants of the L-arabinose operon (OIBAD) of Escherichia coli B/r.


Mechanism of the growth inhibitory effect of cysteine on Escherichia coli.


A cartographic and literary study of the word malaria.


Everyday life in a European hospital in the 1830s and 1840s. Conrad Faesi-Gessner's drawings of the old Zurich Hospital.


Growth of Mycobacterium lepraemurium in diffusion chambers containing human embryonic skin cells and in cell-free chambers.


William Beaumont, Robley Dunglison, and the 'Philadelphia Physiologists'.


Concepts of race inferiority in nineteenth-century anthropology.


A brief account of the use of wax models in the study of medicine.


The dissecting room. Etching by William Strang (1884).


Medicare.

Medicare.


Infectious DNA of bacteriophage T4.

Infectious DNA of bacteriophage T4.


The role of gene 49 in DNA replication and head morphogenesis in bacteriophage T4.


Assembly of bacteriophage T4 tail fibers. 3. Genetic control of the major tail fiber polypeptides.


Polyribosome metabolism in Escherichia coli starved for an amino acid.


The petite mutation in yeast. 3. Nearest-neighbor analysis of mitochondrial DNA from normal and mutant cells.


1971 members of the Tennessee Medical Association.


Stereomicroscopic funnel-like architecture of pulmonary lymphatic valves.


Artificial respiration, the history of an idea.


The regulation of English midwives in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.


The palaeopathology of the vertebral column in ancient Egypt and Nubia.


The origins of blood transfusion: a reassessment.


Head and neck diseases in an ancient Indian surgical text (The Sushruta-samhita).


Two questions on humoral theory.

Two questions on humoral theory.


Note on the foundation of Queen Charlotte's Hospital.


Lazar houses and dissemination of leprosy.


A notable pharmacy comes to Melbourne.

A notable pharmacy comes to Melbourne.


The stepping-stones to current knowledge on suicide.


Nosologic considerations in the nomenclature of acute renal failure.


James Paul Kennedy.

James Paul Kennedy.


Ian Cameron McIntyre.

Ian Cameron McIntyre.


Zoe Cuff Rutherford.

Zoe Cuff Rutherford.


Percival Douglas Cameron.

Percival Douglas Cameron.


On the process of cellular division in Escherichia coli: replication of the bacterial chromosome under control of prophage P2. The temperature-sensitive mutant CRT46 of Escherichia coli K12 is unable to initiate new rounds of DNA replication at 42 degrees C. Mutants of bacteriophage P2 have been isolated, which, in the prophage state, allow mutant CRT46 to grow at 42 degrees C. The lysogenic bacteria that grow at 42 degrees C are apparently replicating under the control of prophage P2, which substitutes for the bacterial initiation system. The ability of prophage P2 cause this suppression phenomenon depends on the position of the prophage on the bacterial chromosome. Those lysogenic strains that are able to grow at 42 degrees C all carry the prophage close to metE. The P2 mutants that allow CRT46 to grow at 42 degrees C have insertions in the early region of the P2 genome. The suppression requires the cis-acting protein formed by gene A of P2.


Nerve growth factor from mouse submaxillary gland: amino acid sequence. The complete amino-acid sequence of the 2.5S nerve growth factor from male-mouse submaxillary glands has been determined. The unambiguous alignment of peptides derived from tryptic, chymotryptic, thermolytic, and peptic digestion of S-carboxymethyl-, S-aminoethyl-, and native growth factor indicates that the primary subunit is composed of 118 amino acids, with amino-terminal serine and carboxyl-terminal arginine. The molecular weight of this subunit, calculated from the primary sequence, is 13,259. Thus, the native protein, which is composed of two of the subunits, has a molecular weight of 26,518. These values, as well as the final amino-acid composition, are in excellent agreement with those determined by direct measurement with undigested growth factor. The alignment of the three disulfide bonds, determined from a combination of peptic and thermolytic digestions, is I-IV, II-V, and III-VI. The latter two pairs are located in a closed loop of 14 amino acids, by virtue of the fact that half-cystinyl residues V and VI are separated by only a single residue in the linear sequence. Assignment of the side-chain amides showed that 7 of 11 aspartic acid residues and 2 of 8 glutamic acid residues are present as amides. This distribution of charged residues is entirely consistent with the observed isoelectric point of 9.3.


Inactivation of ribosomes in vitro by colicin E 3 . Cell-free protein synthesizing extracts incubated with purified preparations of colicin E(3) showed a marked decrease of their protein synthesizing activity. Incubation of ribosomes prepared from S-30 extracts with E(3) resulted in their inactivation. Their 16S RNA was found to lose a terminal fragment, similar in size to the fragment released upon in vivo treatment with E(3). Extracts derived from colicinogenic strains are resistant to the action of E(3)in vitro.


Molecular probes of spermatozoan structures. Several methods have been devised for the isolation and labeling of structural components of spermatozoa. Rodent spermatozoa were cleaved rapidly and specifically at the junction of the heads and tails by treatment with various proteases, and the separate components were isolated by density-gradient centrifugation. Treatment with reducing agents released the mitochondrial membranes from the midpiece, exposing the underlying tail structures. Mouse spermatozoa were found to contain about 10(7) sites per cell that bind concanavalin A; most of the sites appear to be on the head, for fluorescein-labeled conjugates of concanavalin A were bound mainly to the acrosomal region. Binding of concanavalin A resulted in rapid agglutination of spermatozoa; mixed agglutinates could be formed with somatic cells, as well as with spermatozoa of other species. Fluorescent probes (naphthalenesulfonic acids) bound to the sperm plasma-membrane and caused an immediate loss of motility. In contrast, ethidium bromide bound to the nuclear structures, but did not cause immediate immobilization. These isolation and probing procedures should facilitate detailed chemical analysis of the major components of mammalian spermatozoa.


Selective associations of hormonal steroids with aminoacyl transfer RNAs and control of protein synthesis. The hormonal steroids progesterone, estradiol, testosterone, and 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone bind to aminoacyl-tRNA, but not to deacylated tRNA, implying that a change in conformation of tRNA occurs on aminoacylation. Binding is restricted to a few tRNA species and depends on the structure of both tRNA and steroid. There is one binding site per aminoacyl-tRNA molecule, the specificity of which appears to depend on a restricted, single-stranded loop sequence and on the tRNA conformation. By binding to an aminoacyl-tRNA, a steroid can control polypeptide synthesis in a model in vitro system by inhibiting chain elongation under conditions where aminoacyl-tRNA concentration is rate-limiting.


Rapid exchange of subunits between free ribosomes in extracts of Escherichia coli. The runoff of a mixture of "heavy" and "light" polysomes has been reported to yield hybrid ribosomes, of intermediate density. However, we found that the dissociation of free heavy ribosomes as they advance in a sucrose gradient causes a serious artefact in the demonstration of hybrid ribosomes. This artefact is eliminated by fixation with glutaraldehyde before sedimentation. Formation of hybrid ribosomes can then be demonstrated, but it is equally complete whether the heavy and light preparations are mixed before or after runoff. Hence, free ribosomes exchange subunits rapidly in extracts. The previously reported exchange thus does not provide evidence for formation of free subunits during runoff.


Control of single ribosome formation by an initiation factor for protein synthesis. 30 and 50S ribosomal subunits, released from polysomes upon polypeptide chain termination, possess a high affinity for each other and readily form single ribosomes. Highly purified initiation factor F3(B), acting stoichiometrically, prevents the formation of single ribosomes without promoting their dissociation. These findings are interpreted in terms of a ribosome cycle in which a limiting amount of factor F3(B) controls the number of ribosomes active in protein synthesis, in response to metabolic changes in the cell, by regulating the flow of ribosomal subunits into polysomes or into a sidetrack pool of synthetically inactive single ribosomes. The reported apparent ribosome dissociation activity of F3(B) is explained.


The presence and possible role of zinc in RNA polymerase obtained from Escherichia coli. Highly purified preparations of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase obtained from Escherichia coli contain about 2 g-atoms of tightly bound zinc per mol (molecular weight 370,000) of enzyme. When the purified enzyme is fractionated on Sephadex G-150 or G-200, correlation is observed between the zinc and enzymic activity. Although some of the preparations examined also contain iron, copper, and magnesium, the content of these metal ions show no consistent correlation with RNA polymerase activity. Initiation of RNA synthesis is specifically inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline. Less-effective inhibition is observed for other chelating agents or for a nonchelating phenanthroline analog. The analog also exhibits a pattern of inhibition differing from that characteristic of 1,10-phenanthroline. Binding of purine nucleoside triphosphates at the lower-affinity (K(d) = 0.15 mM) site may also be prevented by the addition of 1,10-phenanthroline. One or both of the bound zinc atoms may, therefore, participate in the initiation of RNA synthesis.


Analysis of host range restriction in Escherichia coli treated with toluene. Escherichia coli cells treated with toluene replicate DNA when they are provided with deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphates, ATP, Mg(++), and K(+). However, when deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate is replaced by hydroxymethyl deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate, incorporation of nucleotides into acid-precipitable material by toluenetreated strains restrictive to nonglucosylated T-even phage is reduced to less than 5% of that normally observed. Even when dCTP is present in the reaction mixture, a similar effect of the hydroxymethyl analogue on DNA replication is observed. In contrast, toluene-treated E. coli K12r6(-)r2,4(-), a strain permissive to the nonglucosylated T-even phage, incorporates hydroxymethyl deoxycytosine into its DNA, and replication proceeds at only a slightly reduced rate in the presence of the hydroxymethyl deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate. The presence of the hydroxymethyl deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate in the reaction mixture does not lead to degradation of preexisting DNA of the restrictive host, but it does lead to an irreversible inhibition of further DNA replication; the inhibition is observed only when the hydroxymethyl deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate is present during replication. Thus phage-specific enzymes are not necessary for the incorporation of hydroxymethylcytosine into phage DNA, and the restrictive mechanism, present in the host cell before infection, can recognize hydroxymethylcytosine residues in its own DNA, as well as the DNA of the T-even phage.


DNA replication and proteins that bind to DNA. Cells of Escherichia coli 15T(-) were exposed to nalidixic acid or starved for thymine to inhibit DNA synthesis while protein synthesis was allowed to continue. These treatments are known to allow subsequent DNA synthesis to continue for many hours in the absence of protein synthesis. The proteins extracted from these cells that bind to DNA were examined by DNA-cellulose chromatography and disc-gel electrophoresis. One or two species were found to be absent, or to be present in greatly reduced amounts, under these conditions.


Structure of the DNA ligase-adenylate intermediate: lysine (epsilon-amino)-linked adenosine monophosphoramidate. Proteolytic degradation of the Escherichia coli DNA ligase-adenylate intermediate releases adenosine 5'-monophosphate linked to the epsilon-amino group of lysine by a phosphoamide bond. Measurements of the rate of hydroxylaminolysis of the ligase-adenylate provide further support for a phosphoamide linkage in the native enzyme. Lysine (epsilon-amino)-linked adenosine monophosphoramidate has also been isolated from the T4 phage-induced ligase-adenylate intermediate. These results indicate that an initial step of the DNA ligase reaction consists of the nucleophilic attack of the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the enzyme on the adenylyl phosphorus of DPN or ATP that leads to the formation of enzyme-bound lysine (epsilonamino)-linked adenosine monophosphoramidate.


Cell cycle-dependent immune lysis of Moloney virus-transformed lymphocytes: presence of viral antigen, accessibility to antibody, and complement activation. The expression of Moloney leukemia virus on the surface of a viral-induced lymphoma cell, availability of the virus to anti-viral antibody, and the nature and extent of activation of the complement system during the cell cycle were studied in vitro. Viral antigen was present on the cell surface, accessible to antibody, and was able to activate complement in the presence of antibody throughout all cellular growth phases, while cytotoxicity was confined to the G(1) phase of cell growth. In addition, when cells were arrested in metaphase, viral antigen could be demonstrated on the cell surface by immunofluorescence, and budding virus was seen by electron microscopy. All nine components of complement were activated on the addition of antibody throughout the cell cycle. Additional experiments indicated that in the presence of antibody, C3 and/or C4 were immunospecifically bound to viral-induced lymphoma cells throughout the cell cycle as a result of complement activation. These results indicate that the inability to lyse the cells in the presence of specific anti-viral antibody and complement during the logarithmic phase of cell growth is not due to the lack of expression of Moloney virus antigen(s) on the cell surface, inaccessibility of this surface antigen(s) to antibody, or failure to activate the complement effector system.


Reversible dissociation of carbamyl phosphate synthetase into a regulated synthesis subunit and a subunit required for glutamine utilization. Carbamyl phosphate synthetase (from Escherichia coli) consists of a 7.3S protomeric unit that contains one heavy polypeptide chain (molecular weight about 130,000) and one light chain (molecular weight about 42,000). The heavy and light chains were separated by gel filtration in the presence of 1 M potassium thiocyanate. In contrast to the native enzyme and the reconstituted enzyme (prepared by mixing the separated heavy and light chains), the heavy chain does not catalyze glutamine-dependent carbamyl phosphate synthesis, although it does catalyze the synthesis of carbamyl phosphate from ammonia. The heavy chain also catalyzes two of the partial reactions catalyzed by the intact enzyme; i.e., the bicarbonate-dependent cleavage of ATP and the synthesis of ATP from ADP and carbamyl phosphate. Both positive (ammonia, ornithine, IMP) and negative (UMP) allosteric regulatory sites are located on the heavy chain. The only catalytic activity exhibited by the light chain is the hydrolysis of glutamine. A model is presented according to which glutamine binds to the light chain, which is followed by release of nitrogen from the amide group for use by the heavy chain. The findings suggest that glutamine-dependent carbamyl phosphate synthetase (and perhaps other glutamine amidotransferases) arose in the course of evolution by a combination of a primitive ammonia-dependent synthetic enzyme and a glutaminase; this combination may have been associated with a change from ammonia to glutamine as the principal source of nitrogen.


Irreversible inhibition of biotin transport in yeast by biotinyl-p-nitrophenyl ester. Biotinyl-p-nitrophenyl ester (BNP), an active-ester derivative of biotin, irreversibly inactivates biotin transport in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Transport inactivation is progressive with time and occurs at concentrations of the ester as low as 10(-7) M. In the presence of sodium azide, a reagent known to block biotin accumulation in yeast, the derivative is still effective. The specificity of inactivation by the ester is revealed by the following findings: (a) Biotinyl-p-nitroanilide and acetyl-p-nitrophenyl ester do not affect biotin transport; (b) the nitrophenyl ester does not affect the transport of lysine and aspartic acid, or that of L-sorbose; (c) inactivation of biotin transport by the ester is partially prevented when the cells are incubated with it in the presence of relatively high concentrations of biotin.


Actin in the brush-border of epithelial cells of the chicken intestine. The major soluble protein of the isolated brush-border of the intestinal epithelium has a molecular weight and net charge indistinguishable from those of skeletal-muscle actin, as determined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, this protein, isolated from acetone powders of the purified brush-border, undergoes a G to F transformation in the presence of Mg(++). The filaments have a substructure indistinguishable from muscle actin, as seen by the negative-staining technique, and bind heavy meromyosin with the arrowhead configuration characteristic of actin. The filaments in the microvilli of the intact bruch-border also bind heavy meromyosin. Thus, actin seems to be present in intestinal epithelial cells.


The changing role of the radiographer.

The changing role of the radiographer.


Prof. Wallace O. Fenn, M.D., President of the International Union of Physiological Sciences (1893-1971).


Academician Vasili Vasilievici Parin (1903-1971).


Malaria suppression and prophylaxis on a Malaysian rubber estate: sulformethoxine-pyrimethamine single monthly dose vs chloroquine single weekly dose.


Water-borne dysentery due to Shigella sonnei in Hong Kong.


Professor John George Wright: a tribute.


Amino sugar-containing compounds of the retina. II. Structural studies.


Cell wall composition and "protoplast" formation of Geotrichum candidum.


Behavioural group therapy: a controlled clinical study.


Effects of chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine on the activity of chronic schizophrenics.


Prof. Franciszek Krzysztalowicz (1868-1931).


Flupenthixol and trifluoperazine: a double-blind investigation in the treatment of schizophrenics.


Malaria due to Plasmodium ovale and vivax.


The Australia antigen.

The Australia antigen.


Appearance of myosin in amphibian embryos studied by immunofluorescence.


The survival time of two skin grafts differing in histocompatibility antigens in mice.


Specificity of the reaction between allocluster-forming cells and target erythrocytes.


Applications of scanning electron microscopy in biology.


High-pressure studies in cell biology.

High-pressure studies in cell biology.


Micrurgical studies with large free-living amebas.


Spontaneous resolution of hydramnios: a case report.


The effect of the morphine analog levorphanol on phagocytosing leukocytes. A morphologic study.


Affinity constant of anti-DNP secretory IgA.


The continuum and specificity of the effects of alcohol on memory. A review.


Electroencephalographic effects of adrenochrome semicarbazone in schizophrenia: quantitative amplitude analysis.


The acute effects of tobacco smoke and nicotine on gastric secretion of acid and pepsin in pylorus-ligated rats.


Plasma factors, amines and their derivatives in schizophrenia.


Studies on Escherichia coli in pigs. II. Serological investigations.


Effects of environmental conditions on the motile behavior of amebas.


Central and peripheral control of arthropod movements.


Mechanisms and coordination of cellular locomotion.


The effect of freezing and storage at -60 degrees C on the viability of Mycobacterium leprae.


Accelerated peptic activity in ice.

Accelerated peptic activity in ice.


Antibody to feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen in neonatal cats.


A bibliography of the methadone maintenance treatment of heroin addiction.


Report of a symposium sponsored by the UICC on principles and practice in clinical trials held at the "Statistical Research Unit of the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale", Villejuif, September 15-17, 1969.


Isolation of a frog hemoglobin (Rana esculenta). Purification, amino acid composition, and terminal sequences of the   and   chains.


Isolation and characterization of some fragments obtained after peptic digestion of bovine serum albumin.


Viability testing of kidneys for transplantation.


In mortuo renal perfusion for cadaver kidney preservation.


Etiology of pyelonephritis. Renal lysosome disruption by hemolytic Escherichia coli.


William Holme Van Buren (1819-1883).

William Holme Van Buren (1819-1883).


Influence of reticuloendothelial system (RES) functional modification on endotoxin detoxication by liver and spleen.


Subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy, a new neurological disease prevailing in Japan.


Relief of idiopathic intention tremor by stereotaxic thalamotomy.


Evaluation of alternate-day steroid therapy for nephrotic syndrome in childhood by cross-over study.


Blood volume measurement: concepts and technology.


Kenneth Smith.

Kenneth Smith.


The formation of single-strand breaks in intracellular DNA by x-rays.


A review of the immunology of parasitic nematodes.


Cultural and psychological determinants of sexual behavior.


Social isolation and role performance among hospitalized male schizophrenics.


Ideology vs. interest: the case of Medicare.


The British influence on American dentistry.


Comparison of selective media for isolation of presumptive group D streptococci from human feces. Pfizer Selective Enterococcus (PSE) agar, a medium containing bile, sodium azide, and esculin, was evaluated for its sensitivity and selectivity for detection and enumeration of presumptive group D streptococci in human feces. SF broth and SF broth plus agar (1.5%), representing selective media in common use, were studied simultaneously. Presumptive group D streptococci were recovered on PSE agar from the feces of all 25 subjects. No growth was observed in 8% of specimens in SF broth. No gram-negative organisms were recovered in any medium. PSE agar has the advantages of selecting out Streptococcus bovis, earlier appearance of distinctive reactions, and lack of requirement for special incubation temperature.


Enrichment, isolation, and cultural characteristics of marine strains of Clostridium botulinum type C. Terrestrial strains of Clostridium botulinum type C, designated 468 and 571, were used to screen various media for growth and sporulation at 30 C. Of the various formulations tested, only egg meat medium fortified with 1% additions of yeast extract, ammonium sulfate, and glucose (FEM medium) gave good growth and satisfactory sporulation. FEM medium was used to recover four marine type C isolates from inshore sediments collected along the Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Pacific coasts of the United States. The isolation techniques involved repeated transfer of cultures showing type C toxin in FEM medium and purification by a deep tube method. The medium used for purification was beef infusion-agar supplemented with 0.14% sodium bicarbonate and 0.1% l-cysteine hydrochloride. l-Cysteine was adopted in preference to sodium thioglycolate, because some lots of the latter were definitely inhibitory for growth. The addition of bicarbonate markedly increased viable spore counts of both the marine and terrestrial strains. Various cultural and biochemical characteristics of the marine and the terrestrial strains were compared. With the exception of some variations in their fermentation patterns, both groups showed similar characteristics. Of 23 fermentable compounds tested, the terrestrial strains attacked only glucose and mannose. The marine strains fermented glucose, mannose, galactose, and ribose actively; dextrin, inositol, maltose, and melibiose were weakly fermented.


Effects of multiple use on water quality of high-mountain watersheds: bacteriological investigations of mountain streams. Bacteriological studies in 1968 and 1969 corroborated earlier findings that a municipal watershed which had been closed to public entry since 1917 yielded water with four to six times the coliform count found in an adjacent mountain watershed open to recreational activities. Similarly, chemical investigations showed higher concentrations of most ions in water from the closed area. Physiological differentiation of coliform and enterococcal bacteria revealed similar types of organisms in both animal droppings and stream water, with fecal coliforms accounting for as much as 70% of the coliform counts observed in the closed area in 1969. Opening of the closed drainage for limited recreation and expanded logging operations in the spring of 1970 coincided with an unexpected decrease in bacterial contamination of that stream. It is postulated that these human activities drove from the watershed a large wild animal population which had contributed substantially to the previous bacterial pollution. It would seem that the practice of closing high-mountain watersheds to public entry is questionable if governmental standards for water quality are to be met, and it also seems that the standards themselves should be reexamined.


Minimal growth temperature, sodium chloride tolerance, pH sensitivity, and toxin production of marine and terrestrial strains of Clostridium botulinum type C. Minimal growth temperatures of four marine and two terrestrial strains of Clostridium botulinum type C were determined in a laboratory culture medium, fortified egg meat medium (FEM), and in ground haddock. The inoculum equaled 2 x 10(6) viable spores per tube with five-tube replicate sets. The spores were preheated in aqueous suspension at 71 C for 15 min prior to inoculation to reduce toxin carry-over. Similar results were obtained in both substrates. Both the marine and the terrestrial strains grew at 15.6 C, but only the terrestrial strains grew at 12.8 C. None of the strains grew at 10 C during prolonged incubation. The sodium chloride tolerance and the pH sensitivity of the marine and the terrestrial strains were determined at 30 C. The basal medium consisted of beef infusion broth. The inoculum level equaled 2 x 10(6) unheated spores per replicate. Growth was inhibited at salt concentrations from 2.5 to 3.0%. The terrestrial strains were more pH-sensitive than the marine strains. Whereas the terrestrial strains failed to grow below pH 5.62, three of the marine strains grew at pH 5.10, but not at pH 4.96, during extended incubation. One marine strain grew at pH 5.25, but not below. FEM and proteose peptone-Trypticase-yeast extract-glucose medium permitted the production of high levels of botulinum toxin among four media tested. Toxin produced by the marine and terrestrial strains showed no increase in toxicity after incubation with trypsin.


Heat resistance of spores of marine and terrestrial strains of Clostridium botulinum type C. Resistance to heat of spores of marine and terrestrial strains of Clostridium botulinum type C in 0.067 m phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) was determined. The marine strains were 6812, 6813, 6814, and 6816; the terrestrial strains were 468 and 571. The inoculum level equaled 10(6) spores/tube with 10 replicate tubes for each time-temperature variable. Heating times were run at three or more temperatures to permit survival of some fraction of the inoculum. Survivors were recovered at 85 F (30 C) in beef infusion broth containing 1% glucose, 0.10% l-cysteine hydrochloride, and 0.14% sodium bicarbonate. D values were calculated for each fractional survivor end point after 6 months of incubation. Thermal resistance curves were constructed from the D value data. D(220) (104 C) values for spores of 468 and 571 equaled 0.90 and 0.40 min, respectively. The corresponding values for spores of 6812, 6813, 6814, and 6816 were 0.12, 0.04, 0.02, and 0.08 min. The z values for the thermal resistance curves ranged from 9.0 to 11.5 F (5.0 to 6.2 C).


Epidemiological surveillance of Serratia marcescens infections by bacteriocin typing. During 10 months, 155 isolates of Serratia marcescens were cultured from 105 patients, of whom 49 were considered to have significant infection. The 155 isolates were typed by bacteriocin sensitivity, and 137 (88.4%) were assigned to 37 provisional bacteriocin groups; 18 isolates were nontypable. No major outbreaks of nosocomial infection were demonstrable; however, there were four chronologically separate minor episodes of cross-infection that involved two or three patients per room or unit, respectively.


Rapid detection of Salmonella microcolonies by fluorescent antibody. A microcolony fluorescent-antibody (FA) procedure for detecting salmonellae was compared to the usual direct FA procedure on 304 environmental, food, and feed samples. The microcolony FA test detected all of the specimens found positive by culture, whereas the direct FA missed 3.1% of them. Both FA tests revealed stained organisms in some of the culturally negative specimens. The microcolony FA test has several advantages over the direct FA test: ease of examining the smears, elimination of the fluorescent background material, and increased sensitivity.


Comparison of conventional methods, the R-B system, and modified R-B system as guides to the major divisions of Enterobacteriaceae. Primary grouping of more than 2,000 members of Enterobacteriaceae, freshly isolated from clinical specimens, was performed on the basis of eight conventional laboratory tests used routinely in this laboratory and by the R/B system. Results indicate that both systems perform well in this first step in the identification of various medically significant species of the family. Difficulties encountered with certain reactions of the R/B system were corrected with a physical modification of the tubes. An additional 100 representatives of Enterobacteriaceae were compared with conventional methods and the modified R/B system. Results indicate improvement in observing and interpreting findings with the R/B system.


Physiological studies of an oligosporogenous strain of Bacillus popilliae. A relatively small but consistent increase in the frequency of spore formation by an oligosporogenous strain of Bacillus popilliae (NRRL B-2309M) was obtained by adding 0.1% sodium pyruvate to the sporulation medium. The frequency of spore formation was essentially the same when a low level of glucose, trehalose, or glucose-6-phosphate or a high level of alpha-methyl-d-mannoside was added as the carbon and energy source. Many other variations in the cultural medium and cultural conditions failed to enhance spore formation of 2309M, and no spores were found in four asporogenic strains under any of the conditions tried. There were no significant differences between the 2309M strain and three nonsporeforming cultures with respect to (i) the rate and extent of growth, (ii) the rates of glucose utilization, or (iii) volatile acid production and utilization. None of the cultures tested was found to produce detectable levels of extracellular protease or an antibiotic. The only consistent marker found associated with spore formation was the development of catalase activity, and this activity was stimulated by heating at 80 C for 10 min. This was not found unless morphological evidence of spore formation was observed. The germination of the spores formed by 2309M in vitro was stimulated by heat shock and by the addition of pyruvate to the germination medium.


Two compounds inhibitory to penicillinase-producing cells of Staphylococcus aureus. 2-[4-(4,6-Diamino-1, 2-dihydro-2, 2-dimethyl-S-triazin-1-yl)phenyl]-4'-(fluorosulfonyl) acetanilide ethane sulfonate salt and 4-(p-tert-butylbenzoyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one cause a shift in growing populations of plasmid-bearing Staphylococcus aureus cells to a population of cells lacking the plasmid.


Practical method for isolation of anerobic bacteria in the clinical laboratory. An inexpensive but practical and simple method is described for providing an environment suitable for the maintenance and survival of clinically significant anaerobic bacteria, consistent with the needs of a large-volume laboratory. This modification of the GasPak procedure is based on two concepts. One involved the storage of "freshly prepared" plating medium under a constant stream of carbon dioxide. The other concept was to use an anaerobe jar, continuously flushed with oxygen-free carbon dioxide, as a "holding receptacle" for the inoculated media Experience with this modification has shown that the number of isolations of anaerobic bacteria from clinical material can be increased significantly.


Effects of actinobolin on growth and some metabolic activities of cariogenic streptococci in vitro and in vivo. Actinobolin, a known inhibitor of protein synthesis, has been shown not to interfere selectively with acid production or dextransucrase activity in a cariogenic streptococcus when the antibiotic is added to a concentration of 500 mug/ml. It has also been shown that actinobolin does not alter the total in vivo flora of the oral cavity of the rat when tested in a rat caries model system. A culture of cariogenic streptococci, adapted to in vitro growth in the presence of 1 mg of actinobolin per ml, has also been isolated.


Polynucleotide analogue inhibition of messenger-stimulated transfer RNA binding to ribosomes.


Heat inactivation of Escherichia coli ribosomal subunits.


Inactivation of protein-synthesizing T-factor by N-tosyl-L-phenylalanyl chloromethane.


[Study of the common degradative pathway of hexuronates in Escherichia coli K 12. Purification, properties and individuality of 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-gluconnokinase].


Neo-nuclear androgen receptor in rat ventral prostate.


Eulogy: Shawn Schapiro (1925-1970).

Eulogy: Shawn Schapiro (1925-1970).


Arturo Rosenblueth the physiologist.

Arturo Rosenblueth the physiologist.


Sir Charles Bell: portrait of a talented medical pioneer.


The chemical determination of section thickness.


Polypharmacy--more sinning than sinned against.


Modern trends in orthodontics.

Modern trends in orthodontics.


Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli bacteriophage omega-8 specific for E. coli strains belonging to sero-group O 8.


The relationship between prodigiosin biosynthesis and cyclic depsipeptides in Serratia marcescens.


Management of dismemberment of the prostatic-membranous urethra and ensuing stricture disease.


Thomas F. Laurie 1881-1969.

Thomas F. Laurie 1881-1969.


Parke Gillespie Smith 1890-1969.

Parke Gillespie Smith 1890-1969.


Renal autotransplantation for rehabilitation of a patient with multiple urinary tumors.


Urologic complications in renal transplantation.


Presentation of Barringer medal to Dr. William Wallace Scott.


Regulation of transcription of lambda bacteriophage operator mutants.


The formation of homoimmune double lysogens of phage lambda and the segregation of single lysogens from them.


Methylation in the phage carried by escherichia coli 15T- (DNA methylation in phage psi).


Biogenesis of poxviruses: role of A-type inclusions and host cell membranes in virus dissemination.


Integration and excision of phi-80pt prophage in Escherichia coli. I. Replacement of tryptophan genes of phi-80pt with the host alleles through the lysogenic process.


On the control of transcription in bacteriophage P2.


Association of lambda bacteriophage DNA with a rapidly sedimenting Escherichia coli component.


Electrooptic studies on the effect of heat treatment on structure in bacteriophage f1.


P2 phage amber mutants: characterization by use of a polarity suppressor.


The in vitro restriction of the replicative form of W.T. and mutant fd phage DNA.


Removal of the coat protein of bacteriophages M13 or fd from the exterior of the host after infection.


Regulation of rII and region D transcription in T4 bacteriophage: a sucrose gradient analysis.


Properties of the DNA-delay mutants of bacteriophage T4.


Phospholipid hydrolysis before the onset of lysis in T4-infected Escherichia coli.


Studies on Escherichia coli in pigs. I. Biochemical investigations.


The use of dust respirators against asbestos dust hazards in the United Kingdom.


Forum on criteria for certification, licensure and quality control of cytology laboratories.


Intussusception in dogs following renal homograft transplantation.


John William Ryley, B.V.Sc., M.A.C.V.Sc. President of the Australian Veterinary Association, 1971-72.


Professor Ira James Cunningham.

Professor Ira James Cunningham.


William Christopher Barry, M.R.C.V.S., M.A.C.V.Sc.


Compounds antagonistic to norepinephrine retention by rat brain homogenates.


[Wladyslaw Szafer, 1886-1970].

[Wladyslaw Szafer, 1886-1970].


Cardiac surgery.

Cardiac surgery.


The growth of cardiac surgery: historical notes.


Surgery for aortic valve disease.

Surgery for aortic valve disease.


Infectious drug resistance in bacteria.

Infectious drug resistance in bacteria.


Armadillo may aid leprosy research.

Armadillo may aid leprosy research.


Michael Balint (1896-1970).

Michael Balint (1896-1970).


Annie Reich (1902-1971).

Annie Reich (1902-1971).


An autobiographical legacy of Victor Tausk.


New apparatus in industrial production.

New apparatus in industrial production.


Effects of histological and electron microscopical fixatives on the insulin content of the rat pancreas.


Growth hormone release stimulated by extracts of stalk median eminence in adult male rats anaesthetized with urethane.


A study in evolution: the DNA base sequence homology between coliphages T7 and T3.


Physical studies on Escherichia coli B RNA polymerase and its subunits.


Ribosomal proteins. XXVI. The number of specific protein binding sites on 16 s and 23 s RNA of Escherichia coli.


Tentative identification of a "maturation enzyme" for precursor 16 s ribosomal RNA in Escherichia coli.


Role of initiation factors in the control of T4-specific protein synthesis.


Evaluation of ventricular function in infants and children.


Indications for hemodynamic evaluation and surgery in congenital aortic stenosis.


Echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenital heart disease.


Systemic hypertension in children and adolescents: causes and treatment.


In vivo production of DNA single-strand breaks by photodynamic action.


Further evidence for a complex system controlling feeding behavior.


The effects of rubral lesions and stimulation on conditioned forelimb flexion responses in the cat.


A stereotaxic attachment for implanting crystalline steroids in the brain.


An improved instrument for fast implantation of small pellets in the brain.


Pulmonary antibacterial defenses with pure oxygen breathing.


Effect of common enterobacterial antiserum on experimental Salmonella typhimurium infection of mice.


Computer guided diagnosis of asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. First communication: description of symptom classes and diseases.


Psychoactive drugs and the group.

Psychoactive drugs and the group.


Immunoglobulins as cell receptors.

Immunoglobulins as cell receptors.


A crystalline   G1  human monoclonal protein with an excessive H chain deletion.


Treatment of sensory-neural deafness and tinnitus with a nucleic acid derivative.


Structural studies of immunoglobulin G, M and A heavy chains.


Factors relating to the optimum effect of imipramine in the treatment of enuresis.


The surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease.


The language characteristics of hyperverbal, hydrocephalic children.


Cerebral abscess in children.

Cerebral abscess in children.


Preparation and properties of antisera against the lipid-A component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides.


Monofunctional substrates of polynucleotide phosphorylase. The monoaddition of 2'(3')-O-isovaleryl-nucleoside diphosphate to an initiator oligonucleotide.


Substrate complexes of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Escherichia coli.


Trypanosoma lewisi: in vitro behavior of rat spleen cells.


Bacteriology and pathological study of leprous lesions in the footpads of mice.


The problem of infant mortality prior to 1800.


Another two genes controlling mitotic intragenic recombination and recovery from UV damage in Aspergillus nidulans. 3. Photoreactivation of UV damage in uvsD and uvsE mutants.


Another two genes controlling mitotic intragenic recombination and recovery from UV damage in Aspergillus nidulans. IV. Genetic analysis of mitotic intragenic recombinants from uvs + -uvs + ,uvsD-uvsD and uvsE-uvsE diploids.


Recovery of x-irradiated bacteria: the effect of some mutagenic agents.


Differential chromatographic study of macromolecular changes governed by environmental factors.


Autoradiographic localization of  3 H- -ecdysone in salivary gland cells of Drosophila virilis.


Petite mutants induced in yeast by optical brighteners.


Underwater and aerial visual acuity in the Asian "clawless" otter (Amblonyx cineria cineria).


Formation of a carcinogen in human skin irradiated with ultraviolet light.


Visual-auditory distance constancy.

Visual-auditory distance constancy.


Ludwig Lewisohn and Freud: the Zionist therapeutic.


Current concepts of Parkinsonism.

Current concepts of Parkinsonism.


Benjamin Rush: a child of light for the children of darkness.


A rapprochement in the psychologies of Freud and Sartre.


Artistic form as defensive adaptation: Henry James and "the Golden Bowl".


Adolescent thinking and the diary of Anne Frank.


Some cultural determinants of intrapsychic structure and psychopathology.


Localization of sodium ion in the normal primate lung. An ultrastructural study.


Index and bibliography of papers devoted to brain research published in Acta Biologiae Experimentalis (since 1970 Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis) in years 1950-1971.


Bozo Skerlj, anthropologist (1904-1961).


The thrombocyte surface groups-receptors in aggregation.


Obituary.

Obituary.


Studies on freeze-etching of cell membranes.


The control of cell division in the ocular lens.


Editorial. Albrecht von Graefe.

Editorial. Albrecht von Graefe.


The cytokinins.

The cytokinins.


Douglas Argyll Robertson, 1837-1909.

Douglas Argyll Robertson, 1837-1909.


Vermiculite lamellae as substrates for transmission electron microscopy.


A simple method for the regeneration of used osmium tetroxide fixative solution.


Fatal respiratory distress syndrome after prolonged mechanical ventilation: its pathogenesis and prevention.


The microflora of the cervix of the thoroughbred mare: a clinical and bacteriological survey in a large-animal practice in Hastings.


The challenge.

The challenge.


Administrative problems of neighborhood health centers.


The effect of betamethasone on Babesia microti and B. rodhaini infections in rodents.


Comments on the Nixon plan for national health insurance: an historic view.


Chronic hepatitis.

Chronic hepatitis.


Noble plication for intestinal obstruction.


Immunofluorescent localization of secretin and enteroglucagon in human intestinal mucosa.


Relationships of leukocyte metabolism to Clostridium botulinum pathogenicity.


Brain death--total brain infarction.

Brain death--total brain infarction.


Cerebral energy metabolism in normoxia and in hypoxia.


The archives of the College of Radiologists of Australia. Guide to the history collection. New Zealand: pre-college documents H 345-537.


The archives of the college. Guide to the history collection H 586-H 621. Inauguration of the College and earlier documents.


William Angwin Edwards and radiography in the World War 1914-1918.


A history of radiology at the Tamworth Hospital to 1925.


Information support systems for experimental investigation.


Computation of solutions to the inverse problem of electrocardiography.


An automated data acquisition and analysis system for a cardiac catheterization laboratory.


Structure-function relationships of the acyl-carrier protein of Escherichia coli.


Isolation and some propeties of a proteolytic enzyme from Escherichia coli (protease I).


Leucyl-tRNA synthetase. Mechanism of leucyl-tRNA formation.


Accessibility of RNA and protein in the ribosome. Investigation by hydrogen exchange and solvent perturbation.


The enzymatically catalyzed mutarotaton. The mechanism of action of mutarotase (aldose 1-epimerase) from Escherichia coli.


Leucyl-tRNA synthetase. Two forms of the enzyme: relation between structural and catalytic properties.


A DNA polymerase induced by bacteriophage T7.


Comparative immunochemical studies of the surface antigens of Escherichia coli strains 08:K87(B?)H19 and (O32):K87(B?):H45.


Enzymic hydrolysis of colanic acid.

Enzymic hydrolysis of colanic acid.


The binding of purified Phe-tRNA and peptidyl-tRNA Phe  to Escherichia coli ribosomes.


Photographic evidence and the assassination of president John F. Kennedy.


A method for preparing complementary halves of freeze-etch replicas of micro-organisms for transmission electron microscopy.


A method for obtaining conventional histological sections from specimens after examination by scanning electron microscopy.


High-resolution scanning electron microscopy of the surface of red blood cells.


Easy and accurate collection of thin serial sections by means of a grid support.


Haloperidol in anxiety.

Haloperidol in anxiety.


Rapid embedding of brain tissue in celloidin.


Comparison of chlordiazepoxide-amitriptyline combination with amitriptyline alone in anxiety-depressive states.


Leucine inhibition of an altered phenylalanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase.


Veterinary aspects of insecticides: organophosphates.


Detoxication mechanisms.

Detoxication mechanisms.


Response of experimental ischemic pain to analgesics in prisoner volunteers.


A double-blind comparison of alclofenac, pentazocine, and codeine with placebo control in pathologic pain.


Comparison of two sociometric devices for measuring personality integration.


Nucleoside diphosphate sugar pyrophosphorylases of Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli.


Surgery of posterior fossa tumors in childhood.


Trigeminal neuralgia.

Trigeminal neuralgia.


Microneurosurgery: application of the binocular surgical microscope in brain tumors, intracranial aneurysms, spinal cord disease, and nerve reconstruction.


Sources and patterns of pain in disc disease.


Changes in fertility in Japan by region: 1920-1965.


Lipoprotein phenotyping.

Lipoprotein phenotyping.


The decline in mortality in British Guiana, 1911-1960.


Continuous nucleolar DNA synthesis after inhibition of mitosis in Physarum polycephalum.


Water and sodium chloride intake following microinjection of carbachol into the septal area of the rat brain.


Differentiation of chick embryo brain cells in culture.


Nutritional studies of Escherichia coli strains: vitamin requirements and their relationship to phage subsceptibility, adversities visited by auxotrophs on host system and suggestive chemotherapy.


Role of vitamin B 6  biosynthetic rate in the study of vitamin B 6  synthesis in Escherichia coli. Nutritional auxotrophs of Escherichia coli synthesize vitamin B(6) compounds at a rate of 1 x 10(-10) to 2 x 10(-10) moles per hr per mg (dry weight) of cells when they are suspended in minimal medium lacking their required nutrients. A few auxotrophs have been found to stop or reduce vitamin B(6) synthesis during such an experiment. These include thiamineless, citrate synthaseless, and pyridoxineless mutants as well as mutants which require four carbon compounds for growth. Glycolaldehyde was found to restore vitamin B(6) synthesis in the last named of these mutants without restoring normal growth. A class of pyridoxineless mutants which responded with normal growth to 0.4 mm glycolaldehyde or 0.15 x 10(-3) mm pyridoxol was also found. The results suggest that a thiamine pyrophosphate-requiring step as well as glycolaldehyde may be involved in pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis.


Antibacterial nitroacridine, Nitroakridin 3582: binding to nucleic acids in vitro and effects on selected cell-free model systems of macromolecular biosynthesis. Nitroakridin 3582 (NA) formed complexes with native deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and with transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) species from Escherichia coli. Spectrophotometric titrations of NA with these nucleic acids produced numerical results from which nonlinear adsorption isotherms were derived. These curves indicated the existence of more than one class of binding sites on the polymers to which NA was bound by more than one process. The stoichiometry of strong binding of NA to double helical DNA was in agreement with a conventional value (1 ligand molecule per 4.2 component nucleotides) for complete intercalation binding. NA inhibited the DNA-dependent DNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase reactions, the first strongly and the second appreciably. These inhibitions corresponded to the extents to which NA inhibits DNA and RNA biosyntheses in vivo. Evidently, NA interferes with the template function of DNA. The drug also inhibited the polymerization of phenylalanine in a cell-free E. coli ribosome-polyuridylic acid [poly (U)] system. The effect paralleled an inhibition of the poly (U)-directed binding of phenylalanyl tRNA to ribosomes. Ethidium bromide acted similarly. The antimalarial drug, chloroquine, stimulated polyphenylalanine synthesis, apparently as a result of stimulating the poly (U)-directed binding of phenylalanyl tRNA to ribosomes.


Substrate specificity of a mutant alanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase of Escherichia coli. The correlation between the in vivo functioning and the in vitro behavior of the thermolabile alanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) synthetase (ARS) of Escherichia coli strain BM113 is presented. As a measure for the ARS activity inside the cell, the amount of acylated tRNA(ala) in vivo was determined. The rapid drop of the per cent tRNA(ala) charged which was observed upon shifting a culture of BM113 to the nonpermissive temperature indicates that in vivo acylation of tRNA(ala) might be the growth-limiting step at high temperature. Since neither growth nor the in vivo charging level of tRNA(ala) was affected by the addition of high l-alanine concentrations to the medium, one may infer that impaired functioning of the mutant enzyme at 40 C seems not to be due to reduced affinity of the enzyme for the amino acid. Separation of bulk tRNA of E. coli and of yeast on benzoylated diethylaminoethyl cellulose and charging of the fractions of the column by wild-type and mutant ARS reveal that only those tRNA species aminoacylated by the wild-type enzyme are also charged by the mutant ARS. Determination of the K(m) values of wild-type and mutant ARS for the three isoaccepting tRNA(ala) species of E. coli shows a ca. 10-fold increase of the apparent K(m) values of the mutant enzyme for all three species. Thus, the mutation proportionally reduces the apparent affinity for tRNA(ala) without causing any detectable recognition errors. Investigation of heat inactivation kinetics of wild-type and mutant ARS without and in the presence of substrates provides further evidence that only the transfer site of the ARS is altered by the mutation. Moreover, whereas both enzymes possess the same pH optimum of the relative maximal velocity, their pH dependence of the K(m) values for tRNA is different. The K(m) of the wild-type enzyme decreases at pH values below 7.0 and that of the mutant enzyme shows the inverse tendency; this again indicates an alteration of the tRNA binding site.


Escherichia coli K-12 mutants altered in the transport of branched-chain amino acids. Two mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 are described which are resistant to the inhibition that valine exerts on the growth of E. coli. These mutants have lesions at two different loci on the chromosome. One of them, brnP, is linked to leu (87% cotransduction) and is located between leu and azi represented on the map at 1 min; the other, brnQ, is linked to phoA (96% cotransduction), probably between proC and phoA and represented at 10 min. These mutants are resistant to valine inhibition but are sensitive to dipeptides containing valine. Since it is known that dipeptides are taken up by E. coli through a transport system(s) different from those used by amino acids, this sensitivity to the peptides suggests an alteration in the active transport of valine. The mutants are resistant to valine only if leucine is present in the growth medium; the uptake of valine is less in both mutants than it is in wild-type E. coli, and it is reduced even further if leucine is present. Under these conditions the total uptake of valine is almost completely abolished in the brnQ mutant. The brnP mutant takes up about 60% as much valine as does the wild type, but no exogenous valine is incorporated into proteins. The apparent K(m) and V(max) of isoleucine, leucine, and valine for the transport system are reported; the brnP mutant, when compared to the wild type, has a sevenfold higher K(m) for isoleucine and a 17-fold lower K(m) for leucine; the V(max) for the three amino acids is reduced in the brnQ mutant, up to 20-fold for valine. The transport of arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, and threonine is not altered in the brnQ mutant under conditions in which that of the branched amino acids is. Evidence is reported that O-methyl-threonine enters E. coli through the transport system for branched amino acids, and that thiaisoleucine does not.


Use of yeast populations fractionated by zonal centrifugation to study the cell cycle. Zonal centrifugation in a sucrose density gradient was used to separate yeast cells primarily by size and thus by age in the cell cycle. This approach provides an alternative to synchronous growth for examining the properties of cells at different stages in the cell cycle.


Activation of Clostridium botulinum type B toxin by an endogenous enzyme. It was previously postulated, based on indirect evidence, that Clostridium botulinum type B produces neurotoxin which is initially of low toxicity but which then becomes activated to highly toxic form by the action of an endogenous enzyme(s). The first direct in vitro experimental evidence in support of this hypothesis is presented here. The mildly active toxin (progenitor toxin) produced by C. botulinum type B (Lamanna) was isolated from the filtrate of a 24-hr culture and partially purified chromatographically. An enzyme that activates the progenitor toxin was also isolated from the filtrate of a 96-hr culture and purified 200-fold. The enzyme hydrolyzes synthetic substrates of trypsin but not of chymotrypsin.


Equilibrium constant for conversion of pyruvate to acetyl phosphate and formate. Preparations of pyruvate formate-lyase were made from Escherichia coli cells. Net reversal of the "phosphoroclastic split" of pyruvate was readily demonstrated with these preparations. Incubation of acetyl phosphate with formate resulted in the accumulation of pyruvate in concentrations up to 0.5 mm. Catalytic amounts of coenzyme A were essential. Pyruvate was also readily formed from acetyl coenzyme A and formate. The equilibrium constant of the reaction (pyruvate(-) + HPO(4) (2-) --> acetyl phosphate(2-) + formate(-)) has been determined to be about 23 at 37 C.


Biosynthesis of 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid, a biotin intermediate, from 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid and S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Resting cells of Escherichia coli strain D302(bioD302) can synthesize 7,8-diaminopelargonic acid from 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid. The product of this aminotransferase reaction has been identified by paper chromatography and electrophoresis. Glucose enhances the vitamer yield twofold. Of the 19 amino acids tested as amino donors, only methionine proved to be significantly stimulatory. In cell-free extracts, however, methionine was completely inactive unless both adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and Mg(2+) were present. S-Adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) was about 10 times more effective than methionine, ATP, and Mg(2+). The optimal conditions for the reaction were determined, and substrate inhibition was found for 7-keto-8-aminopelargonic acid. It has been possible to eliminate certain impurities as amino donors in the commercial preparation of SAM and those that may arise in enzymatic reactions in which SAM is a substrate. The direct participation of SAM in the aminotransferase reaction seems a likely possibility.


Inducible and constitutive  -galactosidase formation in cells recovering from protein synthesis inhibition. Inducible and constitutive beta-galactosidase formation and radioactive amino acid incorporation were measured in cells recovering from various treatments which inhibit protein synthesis in the cell. Undelayed beta-galactosidase formation was found in stringent auxotrophs recovering from amino acid starvation, in cells recovering from glycerol or potassium starvation, and in bacteria recovering from puromycin treatment. Delayed beta-galactosidase formation was found in relaxed auxotrophs recovering from amino acid starvation and in prototrophs recovering from chloramphenicol or from tetracycline treatment. The length of this delay was directly proportional to the duration of the treatment. All cells recovering from the various treatments exhibited a slightly decreased rate of beta-galactosidase formation and an increase in radioactive amino acid incorporation.


Methionineless death in Escherichia coli. Methionine auxotrophs of strains derived from Escherichia coli 15 lose their colony-forming ability when deprived of this amino acid. Late addition of methionine to liquid cultures did not restore plating efficiency but permitted growth of surviving cells. This phenomenon, termed methionineless death (mld), was not observed with methionine auxotrophs of E. coli strains B, W, or K(12), nor was a similar amino acidless death observed with corresponding auxotrophs of E. coli 15 for arginine, tryptophan, proline, isoleucine, and leucine. Mld was not dependent upon the genetic site determining methionine auxotrophy, nor did it affect the decarboxylation of methionine or the stability of methionyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase activity of starved cells. Death was not altered by the presence of spermine or spermidine but was abolished by the methionine analogue, alpha-methylmethionine. Simultaneous starvation of another amino acid in a multiple auxotroph also significantly reduced mld, suggesting a possible role of protein synthesis. The onset of mld is correlated with a lower net increase of deoxyribonucleic acid.


Enzyme alterations in tyrosine and phenylalanine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium. The enzyme activities specified by the tyrA and pheA genes were studied in wildtype strain Salmonella typhimurium and in phenylalanine and tyrosine auxotrophs. As in Aerobacter aerogenes and Escherichia coli, the wild-type enzymes of Salmonella catalyze two consecutive reactions: chorismate --> prephenate --> 4-hydroxy-phenylpyruvate (tyrA), and chorismate --> prephenate --> phenylpyruvate (pheA). A group of tyrA mutants capable of interallelic complementation had altered enzymes which retained chorismate mutase T activity but lacked prephenate dehydrogenase. Similarly, pheA mutants (in which interallelic complementation does not occur) had one group with altered enzymes which retained chorismate mutase P but lacked prephenate dehydratase. Tyrosine and phenylalanine auxotrophs outside of these categories showed loss of both activities of their respective bifunctional enzyme. TyrA mutants which had mutase T were considerably derepressed in this activity by tyrosine starvation and consequently excreted prephenate. A new and specific procedure was developed for assaying prephenate dehydrogenase activity.


Fertility of Salmonella typhimurium crosses with Escherichia coli. At least one factor that causes low fertility of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 strains in crosses with Escherichia coli K-12 Hfr's can be inhibited by growing the female strains in supplemented minimal salts medium rather than in nutrient broth and by incubating the female strains at 50 C immediately before mating with the Hfr. These pretreatments can enhance the recovery of prototrophic recombinants for markers injected early by the Hfr by a factor of as much as 10(4). The heat treatment is effective only on the female in intergeneric crosses and gradually loses (within 50 min) its effectiveness after return of heat-treated cells to 37 C. It is concluded that the restriction system of the female is heat-sensitive. Since markers injected late by the male enter females in which the heat-impaired restriction system has recovered, few recombinants for late markers are found. The presence of the leading end of an E. coli Hfr in an S. typhimurium-E. coli hybrid enhances by up to sevenfold the frequency of lac(+) recombinants in subsequent crosses with an E. coli Hfr if the E. coli segment is integrated into the chromosome of the hybrid; the effect is less marked if the E. coli segment is not integrated.


Influences of various amino acids on tryptophan-mediated control of the tryptophan biosynthetic enzymes in Escherichia coli. Lysates of Escherichia coli Ymel obtained from cultures grown in the absence of tryptophan in minimal medium supplemented with 0.1% casein hydrolysate show an approximate fivefold increase in steady-state specific activity of both anthranilate synthetase and tryptophan synthetase A protein relative to cultures grown in nonsupplemented medium. In the presence of repressing levels of exogenous tryptophan, growth of cultures in casein hydrolysate-supplemented medium results in a noncoordinate enhancement of repression of 10-fold for anthranilate synthetase and twofold for tryptophan synthetase A protein. Similar, but less pronounced, effects are shown for strain W3110. Strains possessing tryptophan regulator gene mutations do not exhibit this first effect, but do yield an approximate twofold decrease in specific activity of both enzymes when grown in medium supplemented with tryptophan and casein hydrolysate. A stimulation of derepression of both enzymes in strain Ymel equivalent to that induced by casein hydrolysate can be reproduced by growth in minimal medium supplemented with threonine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, serine, glutamic acid, and glutamine. Doubling time in this medium is not significantly different from that in minimal medium. An enhancement of repression which partially mimics that observed on growth in medium supplemented with tryptophan plus casein hydrolysate is obtained when Ymel is grown on medium supplemented with tryptophan plus methionine. Threonine or phenylalanine plus tyrosine as separate medium supplements are independently capable of producing a 1.4-fold or 3.4-fold stimulation, respectively, but in combination only the phenylalanine plus tyrosine effect is manifested unless serine and glutamic acid or glutamine are included. Our data show that expression of the tryptophan biosynthetic enzymes can be significantly influenced in vivo as a result of growth in medium supplemented with a variety of amino acids.


Resistance of Escherichia coli to penicillins. IX. Genetics and physiology of class II ampicillin-resistant mutants that are galactose negative or sensitive to bacteriophage C21, or both. Ampicillin-resistant mutants of class II are determined by a doubling of chromosomally and episomally mediated ampicillin resistance on agar plates. Several mutants were isolated from a female as well as from an Hfr strain. The mutants differed from each other in various properties such as response to colicin E2 and sodium cholate, response to the phages T4 and C21, and fermentation of galactose. By conjugation and transduction experiments, it was shown that mutations in at least four loci gave the class II phenotype. The mutations were found to be in the galU gene, the ctr gene, and two new genes close to mtl denoted lpsA and lpsB. The carbohydrate compositions of the lipopolysaccharides of the mutants were investigated and found to be changed compared to the parent strains. GalU mutants lacked rhamnose and galactose and had 11% glucose compared to the parent strain. The lpsA mutant also lacked rhamnose and had only traces of galactose and 58% glucose, whereas the lpsB mutant contained 14% rhamnose, traces of galactose, and 81% glucose compared to the parent strain.


Properties of an R factor from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. An R factor from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which confers resistance to penicillins, kanamycin, and tetracycline, was studied in Escherichia coli K-12. The R factor could coexist with F-like or I-like plasmids and therefore constituted a novel compatibility group. The R factor was transferable from E. coli to bacterial genera outside the Enterobacteriaceae (Pseudomonas and members of the Rhizobiaceae) to which transfer of F-like and I-like plasmids could not be demonstrated.


Anaerobic L- -glycerophosphate dehydrogenase of Escherichia coli: its genetic locus and its physiological role. In mutant cells of Escherichia coli missing the particulate l-alpha-glycerophosphate (l-alpha-GP) dehydrogenase necessary for aerobic growth on glycerol or l-alphaGP, a soluble, flavine-dependent l-alpha-GP dehydrogenase supports normal anaerobic growth rates on either of the two substrates with fumarate or nitrate as exogenous hydrogen acceptor. In an experiment in which glycerol served as the carbon source and nitrate as the acceptor, the growth of such a mutant was arrested upon the admission of air, whereas the growth of wild-type cells continued smoothly. Mutant cells lacking the soluble l-alpha-GP dehydrogenase, but possessing the particulate enzyme, can grow at normal rates aerobically on glycerol and l-alpha-GP or anaerobically on these compounds with nitrate, but not fumarate, as the hydrogen acceptor. Double mutants lacking both of the dehydrogenases fail to show significant growth on either glycerol or l-alpha-GP under any condition. Mutations affecting the anaerobic dehydrogenase (glpA locus) are situated at about minute 43 of the Taylor map, just clockwise beyond glpT, and show cotransduction with purF (1.5%), glpT (91%), and nalA (50%). The anaerobic dehydrogenase is a member of the glp regulon as judged by its inducibility by l-alpha-GP and by its constitutive formation in strains of glpR(c) genotype. The level of the anaerobic dehydrogenase is about the same in cells grown either aerobically or anaerobically with nitrate serving as a terminal hydrogen acceptor. With fumarate as terminal acceptor, the level is elevated several fold.


Growth characteristics of a pseudomonad which utilizes pyridoxine or pyridoxamine as a carbon source. Cultural characteristics of Pseudomonas MA-1, which has been extensively used as a source of enzymes that degrade vitamin B(6), confirm its classification as a pseudomonad. The organism requires biotin for growth; any one of several amino acids is also required for growth when pyridoxine (but not when glucose) serves as the energy source. Growth of Pseudomonas MA-1 is inhibited by one or more unidentified substances formed when pyridoxine is autoclaved with the medium. Modified cultural conditions are described which permit the large-scale growth of the organism with pyridoxine as carbon source.


2-keto-3-deoxygluconate 6-phosphate aldolase mutants of Escherichia coli. A new mutation in Escherichia coli, giving inability to grow on gluconic, glucuronic, or galacturonic acids, has been identified as complete deficiency of 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate 6-phosphate (KDGP) aldolase activity. The genetic map position of the locus, eda, is about 35 min. The inability to grow on the uronic acids was expected, because the aldolase is on the sole known pathway of their metabolism. However, inability to grow on gluconate was less expected, because the hexose monophosphate shunt might be used, as happens in mutants blocked in the previous step, edd, of the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. The likely explanation of gluconate negativity is inhibition by accumulated KDGP, because gluconate is inhibitory to growth on other substances, and one type of gluconate revertant is eda(-), edd(-). KDGP is probably the inducer of KDGP aldolase.


Bacterial cell division regulation: physiological effects of crystal violet on Escherichia coli lon +  and lon -  strains. The Escherichia coli lon(-) mutants apparently are defective in the ability to recommence cell division after temporary periods of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis inhibition. They are also more susceptible to cell division inhibition by the basic dye, crystal violet (CV), than are lon(+) strains. In enriched broth, the lon(+) strain continued to grow and divide in the presence of CV, but lon(-) cell division was inhibited and filamentous growth resulted. In a supplemented minimal medium containing CV, lon(-) cell division was only temporarily inhibited. There was no detectable specific effect on DNA synthesis, although CV slowed the rate of mass increase in both media. Trichloroacetic acid-insoluble lipid synthesis was preferentially inhibited in both lon(+) and lon(-) strains. In CV-containing enriched broth, diaminopimelic acid incorporation into trichloroacetic acid-insoluble compounds occurred at a rate greater than the rate of mass increase in both lon(+) and lon(-) strains. In a CV-containing supplemented minimal medium, diaminopimelic acid was incorporated to a greater extent by lon(-) cells than by lon(+) cells.


Genetic analysis of an Escherichia coli syndrome. A mutant strain of Escherichia coli that fails to recover from prolonged (72 hr) starvation also fails to grow at 43 C. Extracts of this mutant strain show an increased ribonuclease II activity as compared to extracts of the parental strain, and stable ribonucleic acid is degraded to a larger extent in this strain during starvation. Ts(+) transductants and revertants were tested for all the above-mentioned phenotypes. All the Ts(+) transductants and revertants tested behaved like the Ts(+) parental strain, which suggests that all the observed phenotypes are caused by a single sts (starvation-temperature sensitivity) mutation. The reversion rate from sts(-) to sts(+) is rather low but is within the range of reversion rates for other single-site mutations. Three-point transduction crosses located this sts mutation between the ilv and rbs genes. The properties of sts(+)/sts(-) merozygotes suggested that the Ts(-) phenotype of this mutation is recessive.


Properties and mode of action of a bactericidal compound (=methylglyoxal) produced by a mutant of Escherichia coli. A lethal product (BPG) produced by a glycerol kinase mutant of Escherichia coli was purified, and its mode of action on E. coli was studied. At concentrations where BPG strongly inhibits in vivo deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, and protein synthesis, it produces small effects on other functions: slight inhibition of respiration and small changes in intracellular pools of substrates, nucleic acids degradation, and adenosine triphosphate levels. BPG also inhibits in vitro protein synthesis and produces inactivation of bacteriophage T4. The bactericidal product has been identified in another laboratory as methylglyoxal (MG). By comparing BPG and MG, we confirmed this observation and concluded that the activity found in our BPG preparation is due to its MG content. We also observed that MG is able to react with guanosine triphosphate. According to these results, it is interpreted that MG could act directly on macromolecular synthesis by reacting with the guanine residues of nucleic acids and its precursors.


Isolation of circular deoxyribonucleic acid from Salmonella typhosa hybrids obtained from matings with Escherichia coli Hfr donors. Heterozygous, partial diploid Salmonella typhosa hybrids obtained from matings with Escherichia coli K-12 Hfr strains were observed to contain supercoiled, circular deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) when examined by the dye-buoyant density method. Examination of one such S. typhosa hybrid after its loss, by segregation, of the inherited E. coli genetic markers revealed a concurrent loss of its supercoiled circular DNA. Subsequent remating of this segregant with various E. coli Hfr strains resulted in the reappearance of the circular DNA. Molecular weight determinations of circular DNA molecules isolated from a number of S. typhosa partial diploid hybrids were made by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation and electron microscopy. These studies revealed a range of molecular sizes among the various hybrids examined, but each hybrid exhibited only a single characteristic size for its contained circular DNA. The range of size is consistent with the presence in each hybrid of a different length of E. coli chromosome. It was concluded that the E. coli Hfr genetic segments transferred to these S. typhosa hybrids were conserved, in the diploid state, in the form of supercoiled, circular DNA molecules.


Taxonomy of marine bacteria: Beneckea nigrapulchrituda sp. n. Fourteen bacterial strains of marine origin, which formed colonies containing crystals of a blue-black pigment, were submitted to a morphological, physiological, and nutritional characterization. The results indicated that these organisms form a new species of the genus Beneckea.


Thiamine-binding protein of Escherichia coli. The ability to transport thiamine in Escherichia coli was reduced by osmotic shock treatment with a concomitant release of a thiamine-binding protein; its formation was repressed by thiamine added to the growth medium.


Alkaline sucrose gradient sedimentation of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid from Escherichia coli PolA +  and PolA -  strains during thymine starvation. Single-strand breaks were not detected in the deoxyribonucleic acid of Escherichia coli after thymine starvation for up to 180 min, even in a sensitive PolA(-) strain.


Direct selection for transduction of suppressor mutations and linkage of supD to fla genes in Salmonella. A general method is presented for the direct selection of transductional clones of Salmonella containing suppressor mutations. The supD locus is about 40% cotransducible with the closest fla markers examined. The probable map order is: supD501-(flaD42-flaB36)-(flaA41-flaA37).


Genetic determinant in Escherichia coli affecting thymineless death and ultraviolet sensitivity. We have infected Escherichia coli strain B3 with F' factors carrying different lengths of the K-12 chromosome. When the F' factor carries the tsx to purE segment, the resulting hybrid merodiploid shows increased sensitivity to thymineless death, although leaky deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis is unaffected, as well as increased sensitivity to ultraviolet irradiation. The dominant or partially dominant character of the effect indicates that it is not a product of allelic differences between E. coli K and B at either ras or lon.


Recognition of an Escherichia operator by a Salmonella repressor. Escherichia coli leu(+) episomes were transferred to Salmonella typhimurium. The levels of two leucine-forming enzymes were normal (low) in the resulting merodiploids, suggesting that the putative Samonella leucine repressor recognizes the Escherichia leucine operator.


Fatty acids of Thiobacillus thiooxidans. Fatty acid spectra were made on Thiobacillus thiooxidans cultures both in the presence and absence of organic compounds. Small additions of glucose or acetate had no significant effect either on growth or fatty acid content. The addition of biotin had no stimulatory effect but did result in slight quantitative changes in the fatty acid spectrum. The predominant fatty acid was a C(19) cyclopropane acid.


Louping-ill encephalomyelitis in the sheep. II. Distribution of virus and lesions in nervous tissue.


Convergence of concepts of Adler and Ortega Y Gasset.


Studies on the prevelence and effect of Trypanosoma lewisi infection in Finnish rats.


Preliminary experiments on vaccination and serum treatment in the prophylaxis of E. coli O149:H10 infections in newborn piglets.


A double-blind comparison of the onset of activity of haloperidol and trifluoperazine.


Walter Reed: Army surgeon-bacteriologist-epidemiologist.


A gentle man (Lister Hill).

A gentle man (Lister Hill).


Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), its diagnostic, therapeutic and technical application and consequences thereof.


Clinical evaluation of topical benzydamine in traumatology.


A clinical investigation of piritramide in the treatment of postoperative pain.


Evaluation in the dog of a single-shot urineless technique for the estimation of renal blood flow during anaesthesia.


Lung volume changes in relation to airway closure in the postoperative period: a possible mechanism of postoperative hypoxaemia.


Trial of a killed vaccine in the prevention of ovine abortion due to toxoplasmosis.


The survival of Escherichia coli and Salmonella dublin in slurry on pasture and the infectivity of S. dublin for grazing calves.


The effect of methoxyflurane on cerebral blood flow in the dog.


Alan Benjamin Noble, M.D., F.R.C.P. (C).


The effect of hypoxaemia on the cerebral blood flow of the dog under methoxyflurane anaesthesia.


The induction of lysogenic strains of Escherichia coli by cis-dichloro-diammineplatinum (II).


The differential interaction of aflatoxin B 2  with deoxyribonucleic acids from different sources and with purines and purine nucleosides.


Yeast thioredoxin. Amino-acid sequence around the active-center disulfide of thioredoxin I and II.


Effects of oxaloacetate and L-glutamate on glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate inhibition of aspartate aminotransferase isozymes as measured by a 2oxoglutarate dehydrogenase coupled assay.


October 23, 1971. In memory of Bruno Klopfer.


Medicine in southwestern Oklahoma before statehood.


Society for Personality Assessment. Distinguished contribution award Washington, D.C., September 4, 1971.


Organosilicon entities as prophylactic and therapeutic agents.


Intramuscular and intravenous administration of small doses of 2-pyridinium aldoxime methochloride to man.


Goose virus hepatitis in the Canada Goose and Snow Goose.


Some current views of pancreatitis.

Some current views of pancreatitis.


Debrisoquine sulphate--a new antihypertensive agent with minimal side-effects.


Clinical use of ketamine (CI-581).

Clinical use of ketamine (CI-581).


Surgery of the parathyroid glands.

Surgery of the parathyroid glands.


Pituitary gonadotropins--chemistry, extraction, and immunoassay.


Remarks on physiology in the world and in our country.


On progesterone metabolism in pregnancy.


Single infusion of dextran 70 in the prophylaxis of postoperative deep venous thrombosis.


Collagen biosynthesis in human skin. A review with emphasis on scleroderma.


Sex-specific growth responses in yeasts.


On a disturbance of the normal Pasteur reaction in baker's yeast.


Rôle of pigeons in the spread of salmonellosis: incidence of different types of Salmonella typhi-murium var. copenhagen in pigeons, man, and other animals.


Antianginal drugs--a review.

Antianginal drugs--a review.


A contribution to the problem of a commom receptor of the E-group colicins.


A simple method for following the fate of alanine-containing components in murein synthesis in Escherichia coli.


Biological function of terpenoid guinones.


Primary lymphosarcoma of the lung.

Primary lymphosarcoma of the lung.


Trimethoprim-sulfonamide therapy: a brief literature review.


The effect of hippocampus on distraction.


Specific excision of methylation products from DNA of Escherichia coli treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine.


In memoriam: Margaret Kuenne Harlow.

In memoriam: Margaret Kuenne Harlow.


Articulation of the body concept among first-grade Israeli children.


Size classes of the head and flagellum of Drosophila spermatozoa.


Human factors and artificial gravity: a review.


The effect of hypertransfusion on the growth of mouse foetal liver cells transplanted into irradiated, adult recipients: failure to detect a differential effect between cells from early and late foetuses.


Age-related changes in hematopoietic stem cell populations of a long-lived hybrid mouse.


The effect of growth conditions on respiratory activity and growth efficiency in facultative anaerobes grown in chemostat culture.


Transient responses of facultatively anaerobic bacteria growing in chemostat culture to a change from anaerobic to aerobic conditions.


Waterloo and after: some medical vignettes.


Micheal Somogyi (1883-1971).

Micheal Somogyi (1883-1971).


James Keill of Northampton, physician, anatomist and physiologist.


Acid-fast bacilli in the bone marrow in leprosy.


Joshua's curse and the abandonment of ancient Jericho: schistosomiasis as a possible medical explanation.


Principles of oral contraception. 2. Side effects of oral contraceptives.


Determination of left ventricular volume and mass.


Napoleon--of what did he die?

Napoleon--of what did he die?


W. H. D. Trubshaw M.R.C.P. (Eng.), L.R.C.P. (Lond.), F.R.C.S. (Eng.).


Mutagenesis: a review of some molecular aspects.


Rods and cones: a review.

Rods and cones: a review.


Computer-assisted analysis of the normal photopic electroretinogram.


Quantitative investigation of spontaneous acino-insular transformation in young, sexually mature rats.


Immunological phenomena in leprosy and related diseases.


The corneal graft: a multiple variable analysis of the penetrating keratoplasty.


Circulatory effects of acute myocardial infarction as a rational basis for therapy.


Acute myocardial infarction: predictors of arrhythmias and shock.


The fate of mitral valve complex in acute myocardial infarction.


Physical activity and the prevention of coronary heart disease.


Studies on cell walls of group A Streptococcus pyogenes, type 12. II. Pyrogenic and related biological activities of the higher molecular weight fraction of an enzymatic digest of the cell walls.


Studies on cell walls of group A Streptococcus pyogenes, type 12. 3. Induction of cardiac lesions in mice by a higher molecular weight fraction from a digest of cell walls with the L-11 enzyme.


Virus multiplication in culture cells synchronized by excess thymidine treatment. 3. Effect of viral DNA synthesis of cowpox virus upon the mitotic phase of FL cells.


Diagnosis of foetal asphyxia in labour.

Diagnosis of foetal asphyxia in labour.


The current status of erythropoietin.

The current status of erythropoietin.


Thyroid angiography--techniques, anatomy and indications.


Computer detection and display of focal lesions on scintiscans.


Studies on ability of Mycoplasma mycoides (vaccine strain "F") to cause untoward reactions.


The action of hydrolytic enzymes and vapor rehydration on semidried cells of Klebsiella pneumoniae.


Studies on lipopolysaccharides of Proteus.


The genetic control of the two types of mannan produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Antibodies to indigenous bacteria in human serum, secretions, and urine.


The immune response to nematode infections.


Macromolecular synthesis in E. coli, isolated mitochondria and L5178Y cells in the presence of hydroxyurea or formamidoxime.


Quantitative cytoarchitectonic distribution of neurons, glia, and DNa in rat cerebral cortex.


Genetical distinction of R factors derived from Shigellae and Salmonellae.


Rheumatoid arthritis of the wrist.

Rheumatoid arthritis of the wrist.


The nephrotic syndrome.

The nephrotic syndrome.


Studies on protoplast induction in the yeast phase of Histoplasma capsulatum by magnesium sulfate and 2-deoxy-D-glucose.


Yeast production.

Yeast production.


Microbiological and allied aspects of biodeterioration.


Current trends in the microbiological transformation of steroids.


Microbial aromatization of steroids.

Microbial aromatization of steroids.


Detection of cardiac right-to-left shunts by external counting of  133 Xenon.


Chemical pathology and pharmacology of aggression.


Chemotaxis of leucocytes and inflammation.


Summary of recent abstracts. IX. Helminthiasis. Trematode infections.


Study of functional lymphocyte populations with heterologous antisera.


The history of longitudinal research: implications for the future.


Melanoma.

Melanoma.


Murine malaria. IV. Disturbed immunological responsiveness during Plasmodium berghei infection.


Trichinella spiralis: IgM and IgG and infectivity for mice.


Biochemical and genetic studies of an X-linked neurological disease (The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome).


The chemical basis of the argentaffin reaction applied to glutaraldehyde fixed tissue.


The reaction of monomeric and aggregated immunoglobulins with C1.


Autogenous implants of red bone marrow.

Autogenous implants of red bone marrow.


Changes in the natural radioresistance of the mouse after hypoxia of several day's duration: the post-hypoxic behaviour of stem cells.


The American Association of Hospital Dentists membership roster.


131 -I-fibrinogen metabolism and fibrinolytic activity in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.


Solidification time in the sprue during casting.


Mathematical expressions for calculating the solidification time in dental casting.


Differentiation of Entamoeba: encystation of E. invadens in monoxenic and axenic cultures.


Transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi infection to opossums via the oral route.


Quaint little Wolfgang.

Quaint little Wolfgang.


The offspring of phenylketonuric women.

The offspring of phenylketonuric women.


Thymus and antigen-reactive cells.

Thymus and antigen-reactive cells.


Immunologic complementation between thymus and marrow cells--a model for the two-cell theory of immunocompetence.


The thymus and the cellular basis of immunity.


Liver transplantation.

Liver transplantation.


Heart and kidney transplantation from segregating hybrid to parental rats.


Components and concepts of antigenic strength.


The investigation of neural development by experimental in vitro techniques.


Biochemical effects of thyroid hormones in the developing brain.


Formation and migration of neuroblasts.

Formation and migration of neuroblasts.


Metabolism of 1,1,2-trichloroethane-1,2- 14 C in the mouse.


Metabolism of 1,2-dichloroethane- 14 C in the mouse.


Metatyrosine-induced reversal of the suppression of the conditioned avoidance response in reserpine-treated rats.


The use of clonidine hydrochloride in ambulatory hypertensive patients.


Lysosomal functions in circulatory shock.


Treatment of blood volume deficit in shock.


Disseminated intravascular coagulation in shock.


Evaluation of fluid resuscitation in the burned patient.


Comparison of lung changes in haemorrhagic and endotoxin shock.


Endotoxin shock in septic abortions.

Endotoxin shock in septic abortions.


Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer).


Hemodynamic effects of mechanical ventilation in normal and distressed newborn lambs. A comparison of negative pressure and positive pressure respirators.


Salmonella infections in birds in the Sudan.


Surgical therapy for coronary artery disease.


Studies of the biosynthesis of the O9 antigen from Escherichia coli O9:K30(A):H12.


Properties of isoaccepting species of lysine tRNA from rabbit reticulocytes in codon recognition and in haemoglobin biosynthesis in vitro.


Regulatory properties of the pyruvate-dehydrogenase complex from Escherichia coli. Positive and negative cooperativity.


Synthesis and properties of poly(s 2 C), a new poly(C) analog.


Carrageenan.

Carrageenan.


Getting heated about fats.

Getting heated about fats.


Multifarious magnesium--the need for a balanced outlook.


Different patterns of porta-systemic shunting in cirrhosis of the liver studied by an indicator dilution technique.


Yet more about beryllium.

Yet more about beryllium.


Aflatoxin--a hardy annual.

Aflatoxin--a hardy annual.


Microbiological changes in prepacked cod fillets in relation to the oxygen permeability of the film.


Lactobacilli causing spoilage of acetic acid preserves.


Studies on the mode of action of the phenolic antibacterial agent fentichlor against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. II. The effects of fentichlor on the bacterial membrane and the cytoplasmic constituents of the cell.


Studies on the mode of action of the phenolic antibacterial agent fentichlor against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. I. The adsorption of fentichlor by the bacterial cell and its antibacterial activity.


Studies on the mode of action of the phenolic antibacterial agent fentichlor against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 3. The effect of fentichlor on the metabolic activities of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.


The isolation of salmonellae from the bursa of Fabricius of chickens latently infected with these organisms.


The automatic spreading of bacterial culture over a solid agar plate.


A safe method of exposing microthreads in the open air.


Structure and function of bacterial ribosomes. XII. Accumulation of 21 s particles by some cold-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli.


Mapping of the lactose operator.

Mapping of the lactose operator.


Bacteriophage Mu integration: on the mechanism of Mu-induced mutations.


Studies on the mechanism of repression of arginine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. IV. Further studies on the role of arginine transfer RNA repression of the enzymes of arginine biosynthesis.


Influence of ultraviolet irradiation on chromosome replication in ultraviolet-sensitive bacteria.


Replication of bacteriophage MS2. X. Phage-specific ribonucleoprotein particles found in MS2-infected Escherichia coli.


A hotspot for spontaneous frameshift mutations in the histidinol dehydrogenase gene of Salmonella typhimurium.


Similarity of cross-suppressible frameshifts in Salmonella typhimurium.


Dynamic study of F-actin by quasielastic scattering of laser light.


DNA synthesis in bacteriophage T4-infected Escherichia coli: evidence supporting a stoichiometric role for gene 32-product.


Mutations of phage P22 affecting phage DNA synthesis and lysogenization.


Stimulation of T4 bacteriophage DNA polymerase by the protein product of T4 gene 32.


Termination of RNA transcription on the replicative form DNA of bacteriophage fd.


Scurvy as an occupational disease. VII. Scurvy in the world's armies.


Relief of stricture in the cervical esophagus by Z-plasty technique.


Cartilage canalplasty.

Cartilage canalplasty.


Directory of otolaryngologic societies.

Directory of otolaryngologic societies.


A comparison of the effects of hydrochlorothiazide and of frusemide in the treatment of hypertensive patients.


Complement metabolism in membranoproliferative nephritis.


Gastric stimulation by subcutaneous infusion of histamine in fistula chickens.


Intravenous injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose in gastric fistula chickens.


Gastric stimulation by subcutaneous infusion of urecholine in fistula chickens. A comparison to histamine and pentagastrin.


Gastric stimulation by subcutaneous infusion of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin in fistula chickens.