Chemotherapeutic evaluation of clotrimazole (Bay b 5097, 1 (o-chloro- - -diphenylbenzyl) imidazole). Clotrimazole has a broad spectrum of activity against yeast and filamentous fungi in vitro and also in vivo when given orally or parenterally to experimentally infected mice and when administered orally or topically to infected guinea pigs. In vitro a distinct inoculum effect has been observed with a number of strains of Candida and Torulopsis; minimal inhibitory concentrations have tended to increase with increased incubation time. With prolonged incubation times, resistance can be developed to clotrimazole in vitro, but this resistance is readily reversible upon passage in drug-free broth. The degree of in vivo activity of clotrimazole against Candida depends on the severity of infection used. Orally it appears to be more effective when administered by gavage than when given mixed in the diet. Pretreatment with the agent may decrease its efficacy because of drug inactivation. Against dermatophytes, clotrimazole has a degree of activity similar to griseofulvin when given orally, but it is less active than tolnaftate topically in cutaneous infection of Trichophyton mentagrophytes in guinea pigs. In vitro, but not in vivo, some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are inhibited by low concentrations of clotrimazole.


Procedure for the transfer of small discs of agar-containing media under sterile conditions and some applications of this technique (agar disc auxanography). Small agar discs are formed and transferred under sterile conditions. This technique permits the efficient and versatile use of the petri plate when many growth conditions and (or) cultures are being examined.


Selective medium for the isolation of streptococci from clinical specimens. Incorporating neomycin and nalidixic acid into a blood-agar base resulted in a medium highly selective for beta-hemolytic streptococci under conditions in which detection of streptococcal colonies by conventional means would have been very difficult.


Distribution of Sorangium cellulosum.

Distribution of Sorangium cellulosum. The myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum exists and plays an important role in soil ecology by its ability to degrade cellulosic materials; it was found to be widely distributed in North American soils.


Effect of the alkylating agent trisethyleneiminobenzoquinone (trenimon) on the template activity of chromatin and DNA in RNA and DNA polymerase systems.


Effects of DFP and obidoxime on brain acetylcholine levels on brain and peripheral cholinesterases.


The transport mechanism of  -methylglucoside in yeast evidence for transport-associated phosphorylation.


Variations in the relationships between total  59  Fe uptake and the uptakes into heme and nonheme fractions of spleen and bone marrow in irradiated mice and mouse radiation chimeras.


Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis.

Leukemic reticuloendotheliosis.


Clofibrate in ischaemic heart disease.

Clofibrate in ischaemic heart disease.


Sodium fusidate in the treatment of erythrasma.


Trial of clofibrate in the treatment of ischaemic heart disease. Five-year study by a group of physicians of the Newcastle upon Tyne region. In a double-blind clinical trial of clofibrate versus identical quantity of corn oil 497 patients with ischaemic heart disease were observed over a period of five years. The death rate and the rate of non-fatal infarcts were significantly less among the clofibrate group, and the difference was greatest in respect of sudden deaths and among patients who had previously suffered from angina rather than infarction.The cholesterol- and triglyceride-reducing properties of clofibrate were maintained throughout the period of the trial and side effects were very few. But the protective action of the drug against new infarcts and death bore no apparent relation to these properties.


Secondary prevention trials using clofibrate: a joint commentary on the Newcastle and Scottish trials.


Ischaemic heart disease: a secondary prevention trial using clofibrate. Report by a research committee of the Scottish Society of Physicians. A trial is reported of the effects of giving clofibrate to prevent progression of pre-existing ischaemic heart disease. There were two groups randomly distributed between clofibrate (350 patients) and placebo (367 patients) regimens. The trial lasted about six years and was conducted in 19 hospitals in Scotland. The criteria of acceptance into the trial were precise and were monitored by one observer. The standards of diagnosis of events were defined and all protocols and electrocardiograms were read blind by one observer.THREE CATEGORIES OF PATIENTS WERE ADMISSIBLE TO THE TRIAL: (1) patients with one myocardial infarction (W.H.O. E.C.G. criteria) between 8 and 16 weeks before the start of the trial; (2) patients with angina of a duration of 3 to 24 months, provided their E.C.G. showed signs of myocardial ischaemia at rest or after exercise; and (3) patients with one recent myocardial infarction and pre-existing angina as defined above.There were fewer deaths in patients with angina (categories 2 and 3 above) treated with clofibrate than in those on placebo. The mortality in the former group was reduced by 62%, and this is a statistically significant difference. Clofibrate did not have any statistically significant effect in reducing the rate of non-fatal infarction in patients with angina or in those with myocardial infarction and pre-existing angina, though a beneficial trend was evident when both subgroups were combined (a 44% reduction compared with the placebo group). There was a significant reduction in all events (fatal and non-fatal) in patients with angina ("all anginas") in the clofibrate-treated group; the rate was reduced by 53%.Clofibrate did not alter the overall mortality or morbidity rates in patients admitted to the trial with recent myocardial infarction without preceding angina of more than three months' duration. In one subgroup there was a statistically significant adverse effect in the clofibrate-treated group. The lack of any overall effect in patients with myocardial infarction might be related to the unexpectedly low mortality rate (2.97%) in the placebo group; it is usually in the region of 4-9% per annum after first myocardial infarction.In patients categorized as "all anginas" there was significant reduction in events whether the initial serum cholesterol level was high (greater than 260 mg/100 ml) or normal. Clofibrate seemed to have a small but not significant beneficial effect in patients with myocardial infarction with initially high serum cholesterol levels, but was of no value in those with initially normal serum cholesterol levels. There was no significant relationship between the response or lack of response of serum cholesterol to clofibrate and the incidence of events either in patients with angina or in those with infarction.The main conclusion of this trial is that clofibrate had a beneficial effect in reducing mortality and, to a lesser extent, morbidity in patients who presented with angina ("all anginas"). This effect was independent of initial serum cholesterol levels or the extent to which serum cholesterol was lowered. The drug had no significant overall effect on prognosis in patients with myocardial infarction alone.


Mechanical ventilation of the newborn infant. I.


Induction of oculomotor responses from thalamic internal medullary lamina in the cat.


Antipeptic activity of antacids.

Antipeptic activity of antacids. An in vitro experiment based on the digestion of haemoglobin with pepsin was carried out to test the claim made by some manufacturers that the antacids used in their proprietary preparations had an intrinsic antipeptic activity independent of the change brought about by alteration of pH. In no case could these claims be substantiated.


Fluorescent antibody test in serodiagnosis of amoebiasis.


Usefulness of a medicinal plant (Bragantia wallichi) in experimental cholera.


The oesophagus.

The oesophagus.


Intestinal malabsorption and the skin.

Intestinal malabsorption and the skin.


Establishment of thoracic duct lymph drainage in experimentally produced obstructive jaundice.


Piperazine adipate in tropical eosinophilia--a preliminary study.


Comparison of dose-response curves with subcutaneous histamine and histalog.


In vitro antibacterial activity of disodium -sulfobenzylpenicillin.


Penicillins from 3,3-disubstituted 2-arylacrylic acids. An approach to broad-spectrum activity.


Skin-covered sacrococcygeal masses in infants and children.


Radiologic seminar. CV. Computer dosimetry: a significant contribution to radiation therapy.


The effects of antilymphocytic serum (ALS) on Trypanosoma lewisi infection.


Erythropoiesis in anephric or kidney transplanted patients.


Blastocrithidia triatomae n. sp. found in Triatoma infestans from Argentina.


Trypanosoma catostomi n. sp. from the white sucker Catostomus c. commersoni (Lacépède).


Prenatal nutrition and the human fetus.

Prenatal nutrition and the human fetus. Although animal studies show that impaired maternal nutrition can cause congenital anomalies, intrauterine death, and a reduction in birthweight, it is not definitely known whether the same applies to man.  A major factor in neonatal and infant mortality in man is low birthweight.  Low birthweight in man has been correlated with height and weight of the mother, weight gain during pregnancy, her socioeconomic status, and smoking habits.  With respect to nutrition, data on birthweight of infants born in times of wartime famine showed that timing of nutritional deprivation was a critical factor; analysis of winter 1944-45 Dutch experience showed that babies born to mothers whose famine exposure occurred only during the first half of pregnancy were, on the average, of normal birthweight; those whose mothers had nutritional deprivation during the last half of pregnancy, had average birthweight reduced by about 10%.  Studies on the effects of less extreme degrees of nutritional deprivation (e.g., dietary supplementation of mothers from lower socioeconomic groups) have so far yielded inconclusive results.  This is because of the technical difficulties, such as subject compliance, inherent in such studies.  Charney et al reported that only 2/3 to 3/4 of patients take drugs as prescribed by their physicians.  Degree of compliance with dietary advice, especially of the pregnant woman with a capricious appetite, is understandably difficult to assess.  It was concluded that unless the mother is grossly malnourished, it is not easy to detect the influence of prenatal nutrition on fetal growth performance.  A well-designed, unbiased experimental approach to the problem should throw light into the subject.


The stem cell problem in the fetus.

The stem cell problem in the fetus.


Maternal and child health.

Maternal and child health.


Dyslexia.

Dyslexia.


The concept of "dyslexia": some reservations.


Powrie Vaux Doctor 1903-1971.

Powrie Vaux Doctor 1903-1971.


The history and clinical usefulness of Pi.


Phosphorylation by intact bundle sheath chloroplasts from maize.


Lysis of an Aspergillus nidulans mutant blocked in chitin synthesis and its relation to wall assembly and wall metabolism.


Lysosomal hemochromes and digestion of cytochrome c by the lysosomal protease system.


Biological ion exchanger resins. II. QUERP water and ion exchange selectivity. Biological selectivity is shown to vary with medium osmotic strength and temperature. Selectivity reversals occur at 4 degrees C and at an external osmolality of 0.800 indicating that intracellular hydration and endosolvent (intracellular water) structure are important determinants in selectivity. Magnetic resonance measurements of line width by steady-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) indicate a difference in the intracellular water signal of 16 Hz between the K form and Na form of Escherichia coli, providing additional evidence that changes in the ionic composition of cells are accompanied by changes in endosolvent structure. The changes were found to be consistent with the thermodynamic and magnetic resonance properties of aqueous electrolyte solutions. Calculation of the dependence of ion-pairing forces on medium dielectric reinforces the role of endosolvent structure in determining ion exchange selectivity.


Biological ion exchanger resins. I. Quantitative electrostatic correspondence of fixed charge and mobile counter ion. Utilizing Escherichia coli as the prototype of an ion-accumulating cell, the ion exchange isotherm is introduced as a concise method of characterizing biological ion exchange events. The ion exchange isotherm for the alkali cation exchange, K <--> Na, is described. The total charge profile of this bacterium is compiled and compared for bacteria in the Na form and in the K form. Macromolecule fixed charge was found to provide 80% of the counter ions that pair with potassium. Therefore, in its physiological state, 80% of the cell potassium in E. coli is associated with an ion exchange site on a macromolecule. The primary cation exchange sites are found to be about equally divided between carboxylate and phosphate sites indicating that E. coli is a bifunctional resin with respect to cation exchange. During substrate-dependent cation accumulation ("active transport"), phosphate esters and organic acids were shown to accumulate. One may conclude that the role of intermediate metabolism in "active transport" is to increase the ion exchange capacity of the biological resin by the production of charged metabolites that sorb to the framework of the resin.


Biological ion exchanger resins. 3. Molecular interpretation of cellular ion exchange. The cell is presented as a biological ion exchanger resin. The similarities between ion accumulating cells and ion exchanger resins are correlated. The kinetic characteristics of biological ion exchange are shown to be amenable to analysis by a model commonly used for ion exchanger resins. The theories of ion exchange equilibria currently in use with ion exchanger resins are reviewed with their suitability for adaptation to biological ion exchange in mind.


G. L. Alexander.

G. L. Alexander.


Study of the action of some active drugs against Trypanosoma cruzi blood forms.


Renal allograft rejection.

Renal allograft rejection.


Functional aspects of the rejection of transplanted kidneys.


Kinetic comparison of human, canine and porcine pepsins.


Serine metabolism in the culture form of Trypanosoma cruzi: synthesis of other amino acids.


Nucleolar enlargement in lemon fruit explants (Citrus limon L.).


Interaction of specific antibody precursor cells in vitro with a bacterial somatic antigen.


A new actinomycin-like antibiotic produced by a mutant strain of Streptomyces indicus.


A study on immunological unresponsiveness to skin allografts induced by cell-free liver extract.


Sex difference in specific and non-specific suppression of non-H-2 allograft responsiveness in mice.


The effect of antilymphocyte serum, imuran and hydrocortisone on the development of colibacillary infection in mice.


Research report 1966-1970 of the Department of Experimental Zoology.


Purification and properties of phage P22-induced lysozyme.


Reaction of the   subunit of the Escherichia coli tryptophan synthetase with 1,5-difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene.


Purification and properties of galactokinase from human red blood cells.


Relationship of thyrotropin to exophthalmos-producing substance. Formation of an exophthalmos-producing substance by pepsin digestion of pituitary glycoproteins containing both thyrotropic and exophthalmogenic activity.


Aspartate transcarbamylase. Interaction with the transition state analogue N-(phosphonacetyl)-L-aspartate.


Tryptophan synthetase   2  subunit. Primary structure of the pyridoxyl peptide from the Escherichia coli enzyme.


The amino acid sequence of a peptide with growth hormone-releasing activity isolated from porcine hypothalamus.


Microbiological techniques--some statistical aspects.


Immune response in the mammary gland.

Immune response in the mammary gland.


Specific suppression of mutations in genes 46 and 47 by das, a new class of mutations in bacteriophage T4D. Mutants in T4 genes 46 and 47 exhibit early cessation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis ("DNA arrest") and decreased synthesis of late proteins and phage. In addition, mutants in genes 46 and 47 fail to degrade host DNA to acidsoluble products. It is shown here that this complex phenotype can be partially suppressed by mutation of a T4 gene external to genes 46 and 47 which has been named das for "DNA arrest suppressor." The das mutations were discovered as third-site mutations in spontaneous pseudorevertants of [46, 47] mutants; the pseudorevertants make small plaques on Escherichia coli B, whereas [46, 47] mutants make none. The [das, 46, 47] triple mutant exhibits increased DNA, late protein, and viable phage production compared to the double mutant [46, 47]. The [das, 46, 47] mutant also degrades more of the host DNA to acid-soluble products than does the [46, 47] mutant. The suppressor effect of the das mutation appears to be gene-specific: it suppresses both amber and temperature-sensitive mutations in genes 46 and 47 and does not suppress amber mutations in any of the other genes tested. The [das] single mutants make normal-sized plaques on E. coli B and exhibit nearly normal host DNA degradation, DNA synthesis, late protein synthesis, and viable phage production. The das mutations either define a new gene between genes 33 and 34 or are special mutations within gene 33.


Control of gene function in bacteriophage Tr. 3. Preventing the shutoff of early enzyme synthesis. Synthesis of early T4 protein, which is normally shut off at 10 min after infection, continues until lysis when host cells have been preinfected with T3 sam(+). In host cells preinfected with T3 sam(-), synthesis of early enzymes is shut off as normal. Thus, S-adenosylmethionine is required for the turnoff of early T4 functions (at least when host cells have been preinfected with T3).


Isolation and characterization of an Escherichia coli bacteriophage requiring cell wall galactose. A new coliphage, designated U3, has been selected for the ability to discriminate the presence of galactose in the cell wall of Escherichia coli. U3 attacks E. coli K-12 cells that are able to incorporate galactose into their cell walls, but mutants blocked in the synthesis of uridine diphosphogalactose, the precursor of cell wall galactose, are completely resistant to the phage. U3 is a small, tail-less, approximately spherical phage resembling phiX174 in its physical properties. Its diameter by electron microscopy is 21 to 22 nm, and its particle weight is approximately 4 x 10(6) daltons. Like phiX174, U3 appears to have a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid genome and has at least four cistrons.


Plastein reaction as a method for enhancing the sulfur-containing amino acid level of soybean protein.


Inhibition of host deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by T4 bacteriophage in the absence of protein synthesis. The requirement for phage protein synthesis for the inhibition of host deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis has been investigated by using a phage mutant unable to catalyze the production of any phage deoxyribonucleic acid. It has been concluded that the major pathway whereby phage inhibit host syntheses requires protein synthesis. The inhibition of host syntheses by phage ghosts is not affected by inhibitors of protein synthesis.


Endopeptidase activity of phage lamba-endolysin.


Detection of antigen-binding cells by combined rosette formation and autoradiography.


Role of sie gene in transient depression of macromolecular synthesis in phage P22-infected Salmonella typhimurium.


Advances in surgery.

Advances in surgery.


Advances in paediatrics.

Advances in paediatrics.


Advances in obstetrics and gynaecology.

Advances in obstetrics and gynaecology.


Advances in the treatment of respiratory disorders.


Advances in endocrinology.

Advances in endocrinology.


Advances in psychiatry.

Advances in psychiatry.


Advances in toxicology.

Advances in toxicology.


Advances in the treatment of rheumatic disorders.


Mungo Park (1771-?1806).

Mungo Park (1771-?1806).


Advances in cardiac surgery.

Advances in cardiac surgery.


Surveillance of infections in a community teaching hospital.


The use of physiotherapeutic modalities in the detection and treatment of the sequellae to organ transplantation.


Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels.


Resolution of prorennin and rennin by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.


Automated determination of bacterial asparaginase and glutaminase.


A sensitive method for the determination of RNA in DNA and vice versa.


Experiments and theoretical calculations for forming gradients for zonal rotor centrifugation.


Studies on dissociation factor of bacterial ribosomes: effect of antibiotics.


Mechanism of the mutagenic action of hydroxylamine. V. Chemical reactivation of hydroxylamine-inactivated MS-2 phage.


Alpha-isopropylmalate synthase from Salmonella typhimurium. Carboxypeptidase digestion studies of parent and feedback-insensitive enzymes.


Inhibition of the alanine tRNA aminoacylation by Ca 2+ .


Alpha-isopropylmalate synthase from Salmonella typhimurium--amino acid composition, NH 2 -terminal analysis, and fingerprint analysis.


Methyl- 14 C-glycinated hemoglobin as a substrate for proteases.


Potassium uptake in synchronous and synchronized cultures of Escherichia coli. Criteria are presented for distinguishing between synchronous and synchronized cultures (natural vs. forced synchrony) on the basis of characteristics of growth and division during a single generation. These criteria were applied in an examination of the uptake of potassium during the cell growth and division cycle in synchronous cultures and in a synchronized culture of Escherichia coli. In the synchronous cultures the uptake of (42)K doubled synchronously with cell number, corresponding to a constant rate of uptake per cell throughout the cell cycle. In the synchronized culture, uptake rates also remained constant during most of the cycle, but rates doubled abruptly well within the cycle. This constancy of (42)K uptake per cell supports an earlier interpretation for steady-state cultures that uptake is limited in each cell by a constant number of functional sites for binding, transport, or accumulation of compounds from the growth medium, and that the average number of such sites doubles late in each cell cycle. The abrupt doubling of the rate of uptake of potassium per cell in the synchronized culture appears because of partial uncoupling of cell division from activation or synthesis of these uptake sites.


Dependence of single-stranded DNA length on stage of growth cycle in Escherichia coli B-r and effect of irradiation. Alkaline sucrose density gradient profiles of DNA from log phase Escherichia coli B/r (CSH) show a main peak with sedimentation coefficient at approximately 130S and a shoulder or second peak at approximately 90S. Incorporation of radioactive precursors into the 90S peak precedes their appearance in the main peak. The size of the second peak appears to be directly related to the rate of replication and it is not present in profiles of nondividing stationary phase cultures. The decrease in weight average molecular weight (Mw) of DNA produced by X-rays is also directly related to the rate of replication. It is greatest in log phase E. coli B/r and least in stationary phase cells, because of the efficiency of rejoining of radiation-induced single strand breaks in DNA of the latter cells.


The ego psychology of Freud and Adler re-examined in the 1970s.


Obituary. D.W. Winnicott.

Obituary. D.W. Winnicott.


A study of a patient with the amyotrophic form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.


Temporary pacemaking: indications and results.


The first quarter century. 1946-1971.

The first quarter century. 1946-1971.


Enzymic differentiation in mammalian tissues.


Potentials in exploring the biochemistry of human skin.


How to measure the effectiveness of stage singers voices.


Lumbosacral AP roentgenograms in scoliosis.


Inheritance of spontaneous mutability in yeast.


The merger movement in the American pharmaceutical complex.


Chromosome replication in Escherichia coli K12 mutant affected in the process of DNA initiation.


Deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in isolated DNA-membrane complexes.


Role of coliphage M13 gene 5 in single-stranded DNA production.


Albert Ebert speaks today.

Albert Ebert speaks today.


Inhibition of chloroplast DNA synthesis by cycloheximide.


Rates of DNA chain growth in Escherichia coli.


Chemical modification of the transfer RNA and polyuridylic acid binding sites of Escherichia coli 30 s ribosomal subunits.


Complementation studies in the maltose-A region of the Escherichia coli K12 genetic map.


Detection of precursor 16 s ribosomal RNA in the polysome fraction of Escherichia coli.


Cultivation and morphogenesis of Trypanosoma cruzi in improved liquid media.


Eimeria ontarioensis n. sp., E. confusa Joseph, 1969 and Eimeria sp. (Protozoa: Eimeriidae) from the Ontario gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis.


Lightmicroscopic observations on structure and division of Histomonas meleagridis (Smith).


A comparative study of 4 strains of hartmannellid amoebae.


Arginine transport in the culture form of Trypanosoma cruzi.


Haemophilia Diagnostic and Treatment Centres.


Kinetic studies on Klebsiella pneumoniae nitrogenase. Purified cell-free extracts of Klebsiella pneumoniae reduce N(2), N(3) (-), CN(-), or C(2)H(2) in the absence of an ATP-generating system when substrate concentrations of ATP are used. The optimum Mg(++)/ATP ratio is 0.5. Michaelis constants for the reduction of substrates calculated from kinetic studies of K. pneumoniae nitrogenase were similar to those that have been reported for Azotobacter vinelandii and Clostridium pasteurianum. Hill plots of the kinetic data are consistent with the view that there is a single binding site for each of the substrates N(2), C(2)H(2), CN(-), N(3) (-), and ATP. Inhibition studies of K. pneumoniae nitrogenase indicate that ADP competitively inhibits C(2)H(2) reduction. Also, the reducible substrates, N(3) (-) and CN(-), inhibit C(2)H(2) reduction. The inhibition by azide is noncompetitive, that by cyanide is mixed.


Control of plasmid replication in Escherichia coli: correlation of the membrane site of DNA replication with the bacterial segregation unit. The fate of parental lambda genomes after superinfection of homoimmune lysogenic cells was studied. The data confirm a previous observation that in the presence of the lambda repressor, superinfecting lambda DNA does not become associated with replication sites on the bacterial cell membrane. Under these conditions, the nonreplicating, superinfecting phage genomes do not become associated with the bacterial segregation unit. These results support the concept that the attachment of DNA to the bacterial membrane at specific sites is involved in the control of both chromosome replication and segregation, as predicted by the replicon hypothesis.


The control of morphogenesis: an enzymatic mechanism for the initiation of septum formation in yeast. Previous work with yeast has indicated that chitin is the specific component of the septum between mother and daughter cell. Experiments with synchronized cells show that chitin synthesis is initiated at a precise time in the cell cycle. Newly discovered features of the chitin synthetase system suggest how this specificity in location and timing can be achieved. The particulate chitin synthetase is shown to exist almost entirely in an inactive or zymogen state. The zymogen can be converted into an active form either by an enzyme (activating factor) present in yeast or by trypsin. The activating factor is found in a particulate fraction, but can be solubilized by mild sonic oscillation. A heat-stable protein, previously isolated from yeast and believed to inhibit chitin synthetase, has now been found to act as an inhibitor of the activating factor to which it binds very tightly. It is proposed that chitin synthetase, in the zymogen form, is uniformly distributed on the cytoplasmic membrane. At the time of septum initiation, vesicles carrying the activating factor would be directed to specific sites and bring about the localized conversion of the zymogen into the active form. A molecular model is thus introduced for processes of morphological change and differentiation.


Pantetheine-linked peptide intermediates in gramicidin S and tyrocidine biosynthesis. To study the function of pantetheine in gramicidin S and tyrocidine biosynthesis, pepsin digests of the polymerizing enzymes, of which only the heavy ones contain pantetheine, were analyzed. The digests of gramicidin S enzymes charged with either [(14)C]proline or with D-phenylalanyl-[(14)C]proline, were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography; only the dipeptide showed a derivative associated with pantetheine. Similar results were obtained from the heavy tyrocidine enzyme charged with either [(14)C]asparagine alone or with the pentapeptide D-Phe-Pro-Phe-D-Phe-[(14)C]Asn. Several radioactive products appeared on the thin-layer chromatograms of both these digests; association with pantetheine was found only in the case of the pentapeptide. Exposure of the chromatogram from the pentapeptide-labeled digest to performic acid and development in a second direction separated the peptide from pantetheine, indicating that a nascent peptide was originally linked to the cofactor by a thioester bond. The connection of pantetheine only with peptide residues appears to confirm its role in transpeptidation during peptide chain growth.


Improved cryofixation applicable to freeze etching. Freeze etching of solute model systems (e.g., glycerol or ferritin solutions) demonstrates that cryofixation can introduce serious artifacts due to the segregation of the dissolved or dispersed material from the solvent. Since, in principle, this problem can be reduced by increasing the cooling rate, a new technique has been developed which combines spray freezing with freeze etching. This spray-freeze-etching is applied by first spraying the specimen into a liquid cryomedium. The frozen droplets are then "glued" together with butylbenzene to form a regular freeze-etch specimen, while the temperature of the sample is kept at -85 degrees C. The results obtained by spray-freeze-etching are far superior to those obtained by standard freezing. Our results, using 5% glycerol as a test specimen, are equivalent to those obtained by the high-pressure method (1). The reduction of segregation during freezing makes freeze etching a method applicable for the investigation of solute systems. Furthermore, the study of unicellular organisms or cellular fractions by freeze etching without the use of antifreeze is made possible.


Toluene-treated Escherichia coli replicate only that DNA which was about to be replicated in vivo. DNA density-transfer experiments with Escherichia coli strain B/r indicate that the DNA synthesized from exogenous substrates after treatment with toluene is made semiconservatively from that region of the chromosome about to be replicated at the time of toluene treatment. Up to 15% of the chromosome is replicated, at a rate 10-20% of that in vivo. A minor fraction of nonconservatively replicated DNA is readily distinguished.


Purification of the araC protein.

Purification of the araC protein. The araC gene product, a regulatory protein required for expression of the L-arabinose operon, has been purified by affinity chromatography on Sepharose 4B to which 4-aminophenyl-beta-D-6-deoxygalactopyranoside (an anti-inducer of the L-arabinose operon) had been covalently attached by means of a 4-aminophenylbutanamido side chain. Evidence is presented showing that the protein binds specifically to ara DNA.


Serum-stimulated release of cell contacts and the initiation of growth in contact-inhibited chick fibroblasts. Increased serum concentration in the medium of a confluent culture increases the overlapping of cells and the average rate of cell movement. The relationship between these two serum activities and serum release of growth inhibition was studied. The increase in overlaps does not appear to be directly related to release of growth since it occurs well after growth has been initiated. The increased rate of cell movement occurred immediately after the addition of serum and was quantitatively proportional to the stimulation of DNA synthesis over a range of serum concentrations, implying that both movement and growth are released by a common serum activity. Direct microscopic observation and time-lapse films reveal a reduction in cell contacts concurrent with the increase in cell movement. Experiments showed that cell movement at low cell densities, where cell contacts are minimal, was rapid in low serum concentration and was not stimulated by increasing the serum concentration. This suggests that the serum effect on cell movement involves cell contacts and is due to release of cell contacts in the confluent monolayer. The primary action of serum may be the disruption of adhesive cell contacts.


Involvement of threonine deaminase in multivalent repression of the isoleucine-valine pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A strain (MAR33) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing a threonine deaminase [L-threonine hydrolyase (deaminating) EC 4.2.1.16] with decreased feedback sensitivity has been shown to have a specific activity of acetohydroxy acid synthetase higher than that of the parent strain (MD11) when both are grown on minimal medium. When strain MAR33 is grown on minimal medium supplemented only with isoleucine, the specific activity of the synthetase is reduced to that found in the parent strain. Another strain, D106-1A, contains a nonsense mutation in the middle of the gene for threonine deaminase. When this strain is grown on minimal medium containing appropriate supplements (which include a nonrepressing concentration of isoleucine), or on minimal medium supplemented with isoleucylglycine (which acts as a limiting source of isoleucine), acetohydroxy acid synthetase remains repressed. Leucine limitation causes partial derepression. With the reversion of the nonsense mutation, either intragenically or via a suppressor for the mutation, partial derepression of the synthetase returns. When D106-1A is diploidized with either M15, a mutant lacking the synthetase, or MD9, a strain containing the enzyme, normal, partially derepressed, values for this enzyme are found. This indicates that threonine deaminase is necessary for derepression, and that it possibly acts as an inducer.


Control of lambda repressor synthesis.

Control of lambda repressor synthesis. Direct measurements of the intracellular level of lambda repressor have been made by a DNA-filter assay and a radioimmune assay. Transcription of cI, the structural gene for repressor, appears to initiate at two different promoters, prm and pre. Promoter pre is activated during the establishment of lysogeny by the action of cII and cIII proteins at the DNA site cY. Phage mutated in cII, cIII, or cY do not make a normal burst of repressor after infection and do not efficiently lysogenize the cell. Cro product stops repressor synthesis midway in the infective cycle. Promoter prm maintains the repressor level in established lysogens. Delection mapping places it very near the right operator (Or). Prm is activated by repressor bound to the right operator. In the absence of cII or cIII protein, repressor synthesis requires active repressor and only proceeds on genomes able to bind repressor at Or.


DNA-directed cell-free synthesis of biologically active transfer RNA: su +  3  tyrosyl-tRNA. Biologically active su(+) (III) tyrosyl-tRNA has been synthesized in a DNA-directed cell-free system from Escerichia coli. Such a system should be most useful for studying the mechanism of tRNA synthesis. This tRNA is capable of suppressing amber mutations in the gene coding for beta-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) and, therefore, must be capable of being charged and transferring amino acids. A 4-fold stimulation in the activity of the tRNA formed de novo is obtained with isopentenyl pyrophosphate, a compound involved in the post-transcriptional acylation of an adenine base adjacent to the anticodon. It has been suggested elsewhere that formation of RNA subject to stringent control may be inhibited by guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp). However, guanosine tetraphosphate did not affect the synthesis of su(+)III tyrosyl-tRNA, even though the synthesis of this tRNA is subject to stringent control.


Establishment and maintenance of repression by bacteriophage lambda: the role of the cI, cII, and c3 proteins. To define the events necessary for the establishment and maintenance of repression in a lambda-infected cell, we have studied the requirements for efficient synthesis of the cI protein ("lambda-repressor"). Three classes of lambda mutants defective in the establishment of repression are also defective in the appearance of cI protein activity at the normal time. Two of these mutational classes (cII(-) and cIII(-)) probably result from inactivation of lambda-specified proteins, but the third class (cy(-)) may involve a structural defect. We conclude that at least three regulatory elements are likely to be required for the normal turn-on of cI protein synthesis in an infected nonlysogenic cell: cII and cIII proteins and an "active" y-region of lambda DNA. From these and other results, the complete role of cII and cIII proteins in the establishment of repression may involve a bifunctional regulatory activity: positive regulation of the cI gene and negative regulation of late genes. A possible molecular model for cII and cIII action is discussed. Since the cII and cIII genes are repressed by the cI protein under conditions of stable lysogeny, a separate mechanism is required for the maintenance of cI protein synthesis. After infection of a lysogen by cII(-) phage, the rate of increase of cI protein activity is substantially greater than after infection of a nonlysogen. From these and other results, the cI protein may also have a bifunctional regulatory activity: positive regulation of the cI gene and negative regulation of early lytic genes.


Nucleic acid polymerases of the developing chicken embryo: a DNA polymerase preferring a hybrid template. This paper presents a preliminary survey of the nucleic acid polymerases of the developing chicken embryo, especially of the 4-day stage. The predominant activity is that of a DNA polymerase preferring a DNA-RNA hybrid as the template. The enzyme, which is activated by Mn(2+) ions and inhibited by p-chloromercuriphenylsulfonate, copies preferentially the ribo strand of a hybrid, such as poly(rA).poly(dT), but is relatively inactive with all-ribo duplexes. DNA polymerase I of Escherichia coli was also found to use the hybrid template with high efficiency, copying preferentially the ribo strand. With the chicken enzyme, the template activity of denatured DNA was increased tenfold by simultaneous transcription with RNA polymerase. DNA polymerase activity reaches a maximum in the 6- to 8-day chicken embryo and then declines progressively to about one-third of the maximal value in the adult chicken.


Alteration of a 30S ribosomal protein accompanying the ram mutation in Escherichia coli. The functional peculiarities of ram mutants correlate with an observed alteration in chromatographic mobility of P4(a), a specific protein of the 30S ribosomal subunit. This finding is supported by ribosomal reconstitution experiments. These facts, together with the known location of the ram mutational site in the vicinity of other 30S genetic determinants, suggest that ram is the structural gene for P4(a). The known contrasting roles of ram and strA in determining translational efficiency require that the function of P4(a) should be explained in relation to P10 (the 30S-subunit protein defined by strA). One consequence of altering P4(a), a key protein in ribosome assembly, might be to change the interaction of P10 with the 30S subunit. The functional interrelationship of P4(a) and P10 is discussed in terms of the possible roles of these two proteins in regulating access of tRNA molecules to the decoding site.


Practical experiences with Xantopren function.


The gold-porcelain interface: a comparison of studies undertaken, using the electron and scanning electron microscope. I.


Purification and in vitro transcription of a transfer RNA gene. A gene specifying tyrosine transfer RNA has been purified and transcribed in vitro. The purification procedure made use of two specialized transducing phages carrying the tRNA(Tyr) gene of Escherichia coli inserted into their DNA in opposite orientations. The separated heavy strands of the two phages were annealed and the single-stranded tails of the resulting hybrid were removed by digestion with Neurospora endonuclease. The size of the purified double-stranded structures was determined by electron microscopy. These isolated duplexes served as template for the in vitro transcription of tRNA(Tyr)-like molecules.


English-Scandinavian rehabilitation terminology. A dictionary on rehabilitation terms.


Summary of recent abstracts. IX. Helminthiasis. Trematode infections and cestode infections.


Number of binding sites and possible mechanisms of action.


Chemotherapy of neoplastic disease with folate antagonists.


Effects of amethopterin treatment on thymidylate synthesis in human leucocytes and bone marrow cells.


Tissue distribution of folate antagonists.


New approaches to chemotherapy with folate antagonists: use of leucovorin "rescue" and enzymic folate depletion.


Speaker recognition. An interpretive survey of the literature.


Reaction of 5-diazonium-1-H-Tetrazole with histidine and tyrosine residues and RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli B.


Ribosomal proteins. XX. Isolation and analyses of the tryptic peptides of proteins S5 from strain K and B of Escherichia coli.


Identification from dental data.

Identification from dental data.


Immediate complete dentures. 4. Techniques in construction.


Carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism after injury. In: Energy metabolism intrauma.


Normal structure of the organ of Corti and the effect of noise-induced cochlear damage. In: Sensorineural hearing loss.


Effects of E. coli lipopolysaccharide B treatment of rats on gluconeogenesis. In: Energy metabolism in trauma.


The pathology of deafness. In: Sensorineural hearing loss.


Lumbar hernia at an iliac bone graft donor site. A case report.


Grafts of decalcified allogeneic bone matrix promote the healing of fibular fracture gaps in rats.


Iliac hernia following hip arthrodesis.

Iliac hernia following hip arthrodesis.


Chronic cholestatic jaundice in infancy.


The Division of Clinical Pharmacology at Johns Hopkins and the Alan Bernstein Memorial Laboratories.


A note on the association of Walter Reed and William Osler.


Alan Bernstein the man. Remarks delivered at the dedication of the Alan Bernstein Memorial Laboratories of Clinical Pharmacology, June 19, 1971.


Gnotobiotic pigs exposed to Vibrio coli.


Ribosomal discrimination of tRNAs.

Ribosomal discrimination of tRNAs.


Mutant ribosomal protein with defective RNA binding site.


Biogenesis of E. coli membrane: evidence for randomization of lipid phase.


New plasma autoantigen and its role in autoimmune disease of New Zealand Black mice.


Function of DNA polymerase 3 in DNA replication.


Inhibition of E. coli DNA polymerase II by ara-CTP.


Heterochromatin, satellite DNA, and cell function. Structural DNA of eucaryotes may support and protect genes and aid in speciation. With the assumption that a portion that comprises some 10 percent of the genomes in higher organisms cannot be without a raison d'être, an extensive review led us to conclude that a certain amount of constitutive heterochromatin is essential in multicellular organisms at two levels of organization, chromosomal and nuclear. At the chromosomal level, constitutive heterochromatin is present around vital areas within the chromosomes. Around the centromeres, for example, heterochromatin is believed to confer protection and strength to the centromeric chromatin. Around secondary constrictions, heterochromatic blocks may ensure against evolutionary change of ribosomal cistrons by decreasing the frequency of crossing-over in these cistrons in meiosis and absorbing the effects of mutagenic agents. During meiosis heterochromatin may aid in the initial alignment of chromosomes prior to synapsis and may facilitate speciation by allowing chromosomal rearrangement and providing, through the species specificity of its DNA, barriers against cross-fertilization. At the nuclear level of organization, constitutive heterochromatin may help maintain the proper spatial relationships necessary for the efficient operation of the cell through the stages of mitosis and meiosis. In the unicellular procaryotes, the presence of a small amount of genetic information in one chromosome obviates the need for constitutive heterochromatin and a nuclear membrane. At higher levels of organization, with an increase in the size of the genome and with evolution of cellular and sexual differentiation, the need for compartmentalization and structural components in the nucleus became imminent. The portion of the genome that was concerned with synthesis of ribosomal RNA was enlarged and localized in specific chromosomes, and the centromere became part of each chromosome when the mitotic spindle was developed in evolution. Concomitant with these changes in the genome, repetitive sequences in the form of constitutive heterochromatin appeared, probably as a result of large-scale duplication. The repetitive DNA's were kept through natural selection because of their importance in preserving these vital regions and in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of the nucleus. The association of satellite (or highly repetitive) DNA with constitutive heterochromatin is understandable, since it stresses the importance of the structural rather than transcriptional roles of these entities. Nuclear satellite DNA's have one property in common despite their species specificity, namely heterochromatization. In this sense the apparent species specificity of satellite DNA may be the result of natural selection for duplicated short polynucleotide segments that are nontranscriptional and can be utilized in specific structural roles.


Complex cardiorespiratory investigations with minimal ergometric load for screening of patients in cardiac rehabilitation.


Subthalamotomy in Parkinson's disease. Analysis of responses to electrostimulation.


A vision survey of 115 trainable and educable mentally retarded boys.


Clarence H. Graham: 1906-1971.

Clarence H. Graham: 1906-1971.


Hepatitis-associated antigen hepatitis. An electron microscopic study of virus-like particles in liver cells. Light and electron microscopic examinations were carried out on liver tissues from 6 renal transplant recipients who developed Australia antigen-associated hepatitis, referred to in this paper as hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA) hepatitis. While under immunosuppressive therapy, the patients showed rapid progression of acute hepatitis to chronic active hepatitis and posthepatitic cirrhosis resulting in liver failure. By electron microscopy, in 5 of 6 patients, characteristic virus-like particles of 230 A size were observed in massive numbers in the nucleus and occasionally in the cytoplasm of liver cells. No similar particles were found in liver biopsies from other patients. These particles had an appearance of nucleocapsid without an outer coat, and were believed to be the viruses in their natural infective states. The predominantly intranuclear location of the particles and the associated nuclear changes suggested that the nucleus is the primary site of virus replication. The finding of the virus-like particles is believed to be diagnostic for HAA hepatitis. While HAA is implicated in serum hepatitis, the identification of HAA with the virus-like particles of this study is still to be established. In the phagosomes, there were some particles showing an outer membrane and a tail-like structure. Both the coated and the noncoated particles were believed to be the same virus. The phagosomes also contained what appeared to be "degradated" viral material. The lysosomal activity in the infected hepatitic cells seemed to be increased. This study showed nonspecific changes of the liver cell nuclei and organelles, probably related to viral infection. The precise mechanism of cell injury remains to be elucidated. However, the result of this study has provided a reasonable basis for future investigations of HAA hepatitis.


An RNA viral infection of hamster testes and uteri resulting in orchitis and effects on fertility and reproduction. A pantropic, attenuated RNA virus [TC83 strain of Venezuelan encephalitis (VE) virus] grew in hamster testes after intratesticular inoculation. Virus did not grow in testes after subcutaneous injection nor in uninoculated testes after unilateral testicular injection. Although viremia disappeared within 6 days when virus-neutralizing antibodies appeared in serum, viral growth in testes continued for 2-3 weeks after intratesticular inoculation. Virus also persisted for 12 days in testes of hamsters immunized 4 weeks previous to intratesticular inoculation. Thus, there seemed to be a barrier between germinal epithelium and blood to early virus-neutralizing antibodies which developed within 2-4 weeks of infection. Cytonecrosis, inflammation, depression in the number of germinal cells, atrophy, fibrosis and eventual sterility occurred with viral growth in testes of normal hamsters, but no histopathology other than atrophy and aspermia was seen in epididymides. Similar changes occurred in testes of some previously immunized hamsters. Virus antigen was found in diploid, but not haploid germinal cells, and virus (either attenuated or virulent VE) did not adsorb to or grow in sperm maintained in vitro. Males with infected testes and virus in the epididymis remained fertile for about 2 weeks after inoculation. Virus was only occasionally transferred to the uterus-vagina of normal females by copulation with males with infected testes, and only rarely did such females become infected. Usually, pregnancy developed and progressed normally, and no convincing transfer of virus to progeny occurred. In normal female hamsters inoculated intrauterinely or subcutaneously, virus did not reach higher concentrations in uteri than in blood, virus disappeared concurrently in both and no histopathology developed in uteri. However, infection of females by intrauterine inoculation of attenuated VE virus 2 hours before mating prevented pregnancy whereas intrauterine inoculation of saline or an adenovirus did not.


Murine chronic respiratory disease. Significance as a research complication and experimental production with Mycoplasma pulmonis.


Incorporation of glycine in pyrimidine and thiazole moieties of thiamine in Escherichia coli.


Dental ancillaries for the 70's. A personal view.


Evidence for hypothalamic   and   adrenergic receptors involved in the control of food intake of the pig.


Bacterial glycoproteins: identification and properties of glycoprotein glycosyltransferases in Escherichia coli.


[A new type attachment for partial dentures].


The therapeutic possibilities of L-dopa and amantadine in Parkinsonian patients who have undergone bilateral thalamotomy.


Hospital equipment control: reference documents.


Hazard: dye dilution pump.

Hazard: dye dilution pump.


Transplant teams lose heart, not conviction.


A computerized echoencephalograph.

A computerized echoencephalograph.


Lights in the great darkness.  The 1971 Harvey Cushing oration.


Chronically implantable radiofrequency electrode for lesion production. Technical note.


Inhibition of ovulation by intracranial implantation of progesterone in the 4-day cylic rat.


Effects of cortisol on the microvasculature of mouse skin isografts and allografts.


An analysis on the exchange of indicators in single capillaries.


Eugene M. Landis Award for achievement in microvascular research.


Magnus Ingstrup Gregersen (1903-1969).

Magnus Ingstrup Gregersen (1903-1969).


Rhythmic contractile activity of myocardial homografts in hamster cheek pouch chambers.


Comparative evaluation of the frequency of detection of antibody to intestine in ulcerative colitis, with passive hemagglutination and immunofluorescence.


Incidence of atypical tubercle bacilli in the diagnostic materials from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.


Metabolic and CNS correlates of cognitive dysfunction with renal failure.


Elizabeth Duffy 1904-1970.

Elizabeth Duffy 1904-1970.


Inflammatory response to viral infection.


The immunological deficiency state in ataxia-telangiectasia.


Raman spectrum of a transfer RNA.

Raman spectrum of a transfer RNA. Raman spectrum of purified formylmethionine transfer RNA from Escherichia coli has been observed in its aqueous solution. In the 1800 to 200 cm(-l) range, about 30 Raman lines are found, each of which can be assigned to one of the constituent nucleotide residues. From the positions and intensities of the lines, information on the intramolecular environments of these base residues can be obtained.


The immune system: a model for differentiation in higher organisms.


Predictors of atypical smear status among women attending a cervical cancer screening program.


Aerosols formed by oxidation of sulfur dioxide. Review of their toxicology.


Lung clearance of particles and bacteria. Effects of cigarette smoke exposure.


Drug treatment in newly admitted schizophrenic patients.


The field of family therapy.

The field of family therapy.


Low molecular weight dextran and experimental metastasis growth.


In vivo and in vitro recovery of defective Friend virus by various leukemia viruses.


Inhibition of murine sarcoma virus oncogenesis with living BCG.


The history of nursing in Ireland.

The history of nursing in Ireland.


Cellular and humoral immunity against human malignant melanoma.


Tribute to Dr. Peshkin.

Tribute to Dr. Peshkin.


Clostridium tetani in soil: geographical distribution of Clostridium tetani in the eastern townships of the province of Quebec: preliminary results.


Studies on thymus function. I. Cooperative effect of thymic function and lymphohemopoietic cells in restoration of neonatally thymectomized mice. Immunological restoration of 45-day old, neonatally thymectomized C3Hf mice by treatment with humoral thymic function (thymoma grafts, thymus or thymoma in diffusion chambers) ranges from 0 to 12% and is difficult to acheive. When small numbers (5-20 x 10(6)) of young adult lymphohemopoietic cells, ineffective by themselves, are given in association with humoral thymic function, a cooperative effect is observed and restoration ranges from 30 to 60%. With a particular cell dosage (20 x 10(6)), effectivity for cooperation with thymic function was the following in decreasing order: spleen, lymph nodes, thoracic duct cells, bone marrow, blood leukocytes, thymus, and Peyer's patch cells. Comparable results were obtained using spleen, thymus, and hemopoietic liver from newborn donors in association with thymic function. For similar cell dosages, newborn thymus cells were more effective than adult thymus in their cooperative effect with thymic function. Dispersed thymus cells in association with young adult bone marrow or newborn hemopoietic liver cells showed no synergism for the cooperative effect with thymic function in the present model. Using hemiallogeneic cells (F(1) hybrid into parent) it was possible to show that restoration was mediated by proliferative expansion of the injected cells. This was indicated by specific tolerance to tissues of the other parental strain and by cellular chimerism, especially of lymphoid tissues, as indicated by chromosome markers and absence of significant numbers of immunocompetent cells of host origin. A population of paritally differentiated cells of hemopoietic origin, termed postthymic, sensitive to humoral activity of the thymus and present in the lymphohemopoietic tissues of adult and newborn mice is postulated to explain our results. These cells are postthymic and thymus dependent in the sense that they already received thymic influence, probably through traffic, and are incapable of self-renewal in absence of the thymus. Sensitivity to humoral activity of the thymus is characterized by proliferative expansion and/or a differentiative process eventually leading to larger numbers of competent cells.


Studies on thymus function. II. Cooperative effect of newborn and embryonic hemopoietic liver cells with thymus function. Significant immunological restoration of 45-day old, neonatally thymectomized C3Hf mice was obtained by the cooperation of syngeneic newborn or embryonic hemopoietic liver cells with thymic function. Thymic function or cells alone are almost ineffective or restore approximately 10% of the animals. Newborn liver cells are effective in association with thymus grafts or humoral thymic function (thymoma grafts and thymus or thymomas in diffusion chambers). Embryonic liver cells are ineffective, even in large numbers, when associated with humoral thymic function. On the other hand, embryonic liver cells are effective in the cooperative effect only in association with viable thymus grafts, preferably syngeneic, whether the grafts were placed subcutaneously, intraperitoneally, or under the kidney capsule. Dispersed viable thymic cells are ineffective in association with embryonic liver cells. Cells capable of cooperating with humoral thymic function start to appear to embryonic liver by day 19-21 of gestation and are detectable until day 5-6 postbirth. Embryonic hemopoietic liver cells from 12 to 18 days of gestation contain cells capable of cooperation only with viable free thymus grafts and not with humoral thymic function. A prethymic cell population of partially differentiated cells of hemopoietic origin, insensitive to humoral activity of the thymus but requiring thymic stroma and traffic through the thymus is postulated to explain our results. This population of prethymic cells can become postthymic through this process and eventually develop into competent cells. Postthymic cells are characterized by their sensitivity to humoral activity of the thymus and by their wide distribution in the lymphohemopoietic tissues of newborn and young adult mice.


The interaction in vitro of Mycoplasma pulmonis with mouse peritoneal macrophages and L-cells. Methods have been devised for establishing infection in vitro of mouse macrophages and fibroblasts with Mycoplasma pulmonis. The mycoplasmas attached to the cells and under appropriate cultural conditions grew into a lawn of microorganisms covering most of the cell surface. The mycoplasmas grew abundantly on fibroblasts cultured in minimal essential medium containing 20% fetal calf serum; supplementation of this medium with heart infusion broth was necessary to obtain similar growth on macrophages. The infection of these cells appeared to be essentially an extracellular process; only rarely were partially degraded mycoplasmas seen with phagocytic vacuoles. The addition to heavily infected macrophage cultures of low concentrations of anti-mycoplasma antibody stimulated rapid, massive phagocytosis of the surface microorganisms. In sharp contrast, the same antiserum had no discernable effect on the mycoplasma-fibroblast relationship. The antibody effect in the macrophage system was apparently a direct opsonic one rather than an indirect result of microbial killing, since the mycoplasmas in macrophage or fibroblast cultures incorporated labelled thymidine into DNA after the addition of antiserum to the medium. The phagocytic event and the subsequent fate of the mycoplasmas were studied in detail after the addition of antibody to the macrophage cultures. Phase-contrast cinemicrophotography revealed membrane ruffles surrounding the surface mycoplasmas and disappearance from view of the organisms; 10-30 min later translucent grapelike clusters were seen in large phagocytic vacuoles. On electronmicroscopic study the surface mycoplasmas were surrounded by pincers-like projections of the macrophage. Numerous mycoplasmas were seen in phagocytic vacuoles; in the early minutes after the addition of antibody the intracellular mycoplasmas appeared normal, but within 2 hr they appeared partially degraded with a central electron-lucent area and electron-opaque deposits at the microbial cell margin. 24 hr after the addition of antiserum, digestion of the mycoplasmas was nearly complete; the cells appeared normal except for large residual bodies composed of amorphous moderately dense material and increased lipid deposits. Degradation of mycoplasmas within macrophages was also studied using infected cultures in which the mycoplasmas, but not the macrophages, had incorporated tritiated thymidine into DNA. The appearance of large amounts of acid-soluble radiolabel after phagocytosis stimulated by antibody confirmed the degradation of the intracellular mycoplasmas.


The mouse intestinal microflora with emphasis on the strict anaerobes. The various components of the intestinal microflora in the mouse become established according to a definite time sequence; the strict anaerobes are the last groups of bacteria to reach their maximum population levels, 14-16 days after birth. The multiplication of these strict anaerobes in the mouse intestine seems to depend upon the prior multiplication of other bacterial species, and coincides with the ingestion of food other than maternal milk. These two conditioning factors may correspond to the establishment of a suitably reduced Eh potential and to the provision of certain metabolites. Once established, the strict anaerobes constitute by far the largest percentage of the total intestinal microflora; most of them are associated in a viable form with the mucosa. In normal animals they persist at very high levels throughout the life span. However, their populations can be drastically reduced by dietary manipulation of the animal, by administration of vancomycin, or by certain disease processes of the intestine. The strict anaerobic bacteria seem to play an important, and perhaps essential role in the maintenance of the anatomic structures and physiological functions of the intestine. They also seem to hold in check several species of intestinal bacteria, in particular the coliform bacilli.


Histopathologic and bacteriologic examination of cuticular lesions of Ascaris suum.


Histocompatibility studies in a closely bred colony of dogs. II. Influence of the DL-A system of canine histocompatibility upon the survival of cardiac allografts. The DL-A system of histocompatibility plays an important role in conditioning the survival of cardiac allografts in the unmodified canine host. The mean survival time of six cardiac allografts performed in DL-A-compatible littermate dogs obtained from a closely bred colony of beagles was 53.2 days, while the MST of transplants performed in seven DL-A-incompatible animals was 7.3 days. The MST of cardiac allografts performed in nine DL-A-compatible nonlittermate beagles was 26.3 days, as compared with 6.3 days in six DL-A-incompatible nonlittermate transplants. The results did not appear to be affected by Swisher erythrocyte-group incompatibilities. The MST of 28 cardiac allografts performed in randomly selected mongrel dogs was 10.0 days. Incompatibilities for DL-A antigens e, f, g, l, and m may constitute major barriers to transplantation, but antigens b, c, d, and k appeared to act as weak histocompatibility antigens. Under controlled conditions of donor-recipient DL-A compatibility, cardiac allografts may be less immunogenic than renal transplants. Heart transplants performed across major donor-recipient DL-A incompatibilities appeared, however, to be more vulnerable to the events of allograft rejection than renal allografts performed under similar conditions. The selection of optimally compatible donor-recipient combinations for organ transplantation may be aided materially by genetic studies of the transmission of DL-A antigens to the animals under consideration.


Outline of details for microbiological assays of antibiotics: second revision.


Binding of 5,5-diphenylhydantoin and its major metabolite to human and rat plasma proteins.


Toxicology of marihuana.

Toxicology of marihuana.


General and behavioral pharmacology.

General and behavioral pharmacology.


Metabolism and disposition of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in man.


Actions of various marihuana derivatives in man.


Dose-response relationships to cannabis in human subjects.


Marihuana-induced "high": influence of expectation, setting and previous drug experience.


Malaria outbreak at Pulau Tekong in Singapore.


A method for recording unit neural activity in unanaesthetized sheep and goats.


Acute and modified rejection of heterotopic canine cardiac allotransplants studied by serial needle biopsy.


Controlled oxygen therapy and pulmonary heart failure.


Surgical considerations in the treatment of acute acquired ventricular septal defect.


Pennsylvania Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology.


Laryngotracheal obstruction complicating tracheostomy or endotracheal intubation with assisted respiration. A critical review.


Separation of rabbit blood platelets for electronic particle counting.


Reincorporation of an avascular articular surface bearing fragment.


Alloxan sensitivity of rats at various intervals following ligation of the pancreatic ducts.


The carbon monoxide body stores.

The carbon monoxide body stores.


Reaction rates of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin.


Carbon monoxide in the pregnant mother and fetus and its exchange across the placenta.


Early studies of CO production.

Early studies of CO production.


Richard Biddle Richter 1901-1971.

Richard Biddle Richter 1901-1971.


Biochemical analysis of the cell wall of Aspergillus nidulans.


Stopped-flow studies of salt-induced turbidity changes of Escherichia coli.


Distribution of phospholipid-synthesizing enzymes in the wall and membrane subfractions of the envelope of Escherichia coli.


The isolation and characterization of an X-ray-sensitive ultraviolet-resistant mutant of Escherichia coli.


An electron microscopic study of the interposito-rubral connections in the cat and rabbit.


DNA synthesis by isolated mitochondria. 3. Characterization of D-loop DNA, a novel intermediate in mtDNA synthesis.


The state of water in muscle tissue as determined by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of water protons in live and glycerinated muscle, suspensions of glycerinated myofibrils, and solutions of several muscle proteins has been studied. T(1) and T(2), measured on partially hydrated proteins by pulsed spin-echo techniques, decreased as the ratio of water to protein decreased, showing that the water which is tightly bound by the protein has short relaxation times. In live muscle fibers the pulse techniques showed that, after either a 180 or a 90 degrees pulse, the relaxation of the magnetization is described by a single exponential. This is direct evidence that a fast exchange of protons occurs among the phases of the intracellular water. The data can be fitted with a model in which the bulk of the muscle water is in a phase which has properties similar to those of a dilute salt solution, while less than 4-5% of the total water is bound to the protein surface and has short relaxation times. Measurements of T(1) and T(2) in protein solutions showed that no change in the proton relaxation times occurred when heavy meromyosin was bound to actin, when myofibrils were contracted with adenosine triphosphate (ATP), or when globular actin was polymerized.


Use of some adhesives in orthodontics.

Use of some adhesives in orthodontics.


The physiology of population limitation in rodents--a review.


Preventive tolbutamide treatment and arterial disease in mild hyperglycaemia.


Bacteria as cell surface markers on normal and malignant mammalian cells.


Monoamines in the pancreatic islets of the mouse. Subcellular localization of 5-hydroxytryptamine by electron microscopic autoradiography.


On the nature of psycho-historical evidence: in search of Gandhi, Daedalus, Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Summer 1968.


Erikson's search for Gandhi.

Erikson's search for Gandhi.


History and psychoanalysis.

History and psychoanalysis.


Behavior therapy and the social influence process.


Notes on the scope of the psychohistorical approach.


White racism: its origins, institutions, and the implications for professional practice in mental health.


Transference toward the child therapist and other parent surrogates.


Stimulation of antibody-synthesis with immunosuppressive drugs in parabionts.


Oromucosal pigmentation: an updated literary review.


Genetic analysis of Escherichia coli K12 mutants resistant to bacteriophage BF23 and the E-group colicins.


Isolation and characterisation of Hfr strains from a recombination-deficient strain of Escherichia coli.


A slow-growing, streptomycin resistant mutant of Escherichia coli affected in protein synthesis and ribosomal assembly.


From crazy witch doctor to auxillary psychotherapist--the changing image of the medicine man.


A collaborative scheme for tissue typing and matching in renal transplantation. 3. A preliminary assessment of the influence of histocompatibility matching grades on the outcome of renal transplantation.


Analysis of 221 renal transplants: influence of cross-reactions between donor and recipient HL-A antigens.


HL-A typing and cadaver-kidney transplants.


Analyses of histocompatibility in cadaver renal transplantation.


Prospects in host-donor matching.

Prospects in host-donor matching.


Relationship between kidney graft prognosis and HL-A typing using a microabsorption technique.


Unrelated kidney transplants and matching for HL-A antigens.


Heterologous antisera for human histocompatibility testing.


Current problems in analysis of results of renal transplantation in man.


Histocompatibility-transplant correlation, reproducibility, and new matching methods.


Hyperacute rejection of renal homografts: with particular reference to coaglation changes, humoral antibodies, and formed blood elements.


Selection of donors for kidney transplantation.


The biosynthesis of vitamins E and K and related compounds.


The chemistry of parathyroid hormone and the calcitonins.


The use of topically applied acidulated phosphate-fluoride preceded by mild etching of the enamel: a one-year clinical trial.


Inhibition of L-glutamic acid decarboxylase by cycloglutamates.


Peptide chain elongation. Role of the S 1  factor in the pathway from S 3 -guanosine diphosphate complex to aminoacyl transfer ribonucleic acid-S 3 -guanosine triphosphate complex.


Determination of nucleotide sequences at promoter regions by the use of dinucleotides.


F 1  sex factor of Escherichia coli. Size and purification in the form of a strand-specific relaxation complex of supercoiled deoxyribonucleic acid and protein.


Endonuclease II of Escherichia coli. Degradation of partially depurinated deoxyribonucleic acid.


Release of enzymes from bakers' yeast by disruption in an industrial homogenizer.


The physiological significance of tissue enzyme activities as affected by diet.


Classification of monoamine neurones in the rat mesencephalon: distribution of a new monoamine neurone system.


Effects of globus pallidus lesions and Parkinson's disease on brain glutamic acid decarboxylase.


A diagonal paper electrophoretic method for the selective isolation of histidyl peptides.


A mathematical method of describing electrocardiograms.


Platelet aggregation: induction by means of a complex between endotoxin and copper (Cu 2+ ).


Bateson and chromosomes: conservative thought in science.


Induction of fruiting in two aggregateless mutants of Dictyostelium discoideum.


In memoriam: Bradley M. Patten.

In memoriam: Bradley M. Patten.


Instruments for biopsy of the uterine cervix.


Leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniasis.


Population, family planning, and human ecology.


Mathematical methods in research in tropical medicine.


Immunity to plasmodial infections; consideration of factors relevant to malaria in man.


Effect of gastrectomy and of an anticholinergic drug on the gastrointestinal absorption of a sulfonamide in man.


Formation of Eshcerichia coli leucine transfer ribonucleic acid bound enzyme-leucyladenylate complex in vitro.


The Frederick E. Kredel Honorary Professorship.


The structure and function of ribonuclease T 1 . XV. Amino acid sequences of chymotryptic peptides from performic acid-oxidized and heat-denatured ribonuclease T 1 --the complete amino acid sequence of ribonuclease T 1 .


Robert Milton Zollinger.

Robert Milton Zollinger.


Non-beta islet cell tumors: current concepts.


Studies on the pathogenicity of Nocardia isolates for mice.


Separation of mouse spleen cells into populations with different immunological properties.


Selection in treatment of spina bifida.

Selection in treatment of spina bifida.


Jonathan Martin, the York Minster incendiary: historical note.


Wallace Freeborn.

Wallace Freeborn.


Milford Graham Wilson.

Milford Graham Wilson.


Bertram Clarence Cohen.

Bertram Clarence Cohen.


Benign hypergammaglobulinemic purpura of Waldenström.


Bacterial infection and sickle cell anemia. An analysis of 250 infections in 166 patients and a review of the literature.


Ibuprofen. A review.

Ibuprofen. A review.


Some problems concerning urinary calculi.


Tetranicotinoylfructose in disorders of digital blood flow.


An oral prophylactic vaccine in recurrent bronchitis.


An assessment in general practice of bromhexine in the treatment of chronic bronchitis.


All in the family. Samuel Merriman and his relations.


A comparative study of rural and urban Venda males.


Louis Becker, M.B., Ch.B.

Louis Becker, M.B., Ch.B.


Frank Swinburne Drewe, B.A., M.A. (Oxon), M.R.C.S. (Eng.), L.R.C.P. (Lond.).


Review of the sleeping sickness situation.


Nature and classification of immediate-type allergic reactions.


Transfer amyloidosis. I. Studies on the transfer of various lymphoid cells from amyloidotic mice to syngeneic nonamyloidotic recipients. II. Induction of amyloidosis in mice with spleen, thymus and lymph node tissue from casein-sensitized syngeneic donors. Lymphoid cells from various lymphoid organs were transferred from amyloidotic mice to normal syngeneic recipients. The recipients were treated with nitrogen mustard. Only the recipients of spleen cells developed amyloidosis. Furthermore, slices of spleen, thymus and lymph node from casein-sensitized mice were transplanted to kidneys of normal syngeneic mice. The recipients were treated with ten casein injections, and they all developed amyloidosis. The results from both experiments indicate that amyloid is formed by macrophages due to a stimulation of these cells with both antigen and an amyloid-inducing factor released from the pyroninophilic lymphoid cells.


Selective gene action in the specification of cell surface structure.


T and B lymphocytes in mice studied by using antisera against surface antigenic markers.


Diuretic-induced hyponatremia.

Diuretic-induced hyponatremia.


Severe pneumonia in renal transplant patients. One year's experience.


Digital capillary blood flow in clubbing.  85 Kr studies in hereditary and acquired cases.


Sjögren's syndrome--newer aspects of research, diagnosis, and therapy.


The amino acid, norepinephrine and serotonin content of rat brain fixed with glutaraldehyde.


Planning for the future in chronic kidney disease.


The differential response of resistant and sensitive strains of Escherichia coli to the cytotoxic effects of 5-aziridino-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954).


Clinical biostatistics. XII. On exorcising the ghost of Gauss and the curse of Kelvin.


Account of the nursing arrangements adopted in Guy's Hospital.


Blockade of intravenous amphetamine euphoria in man.


The incidence of protein-calorie malnutrition of early childhood.


Dr Steele's Report to the Governors 1871.


An indoor system for the study of biological aerosols in open air conditions. An indoor system designed for the study of survival of airborne micro-organisms in closed conditions has been successfully modified to allow the effect of open air to be measured. It was found that the unidentified open-air factors which are toxic for many species of microbes and rapidly lost when enclosed in conventional laboratory apparatus could be retained in the system by continuous ventilation at an adequate rate. The rate required allowed examination of Escherichia coli in aerosols generated from small amounts of material because of the short periods of ventilation required for appreciable viable decay to occur.The validity of the system was tested by comparing the survival of E. coli in true aerosols with its survival when the droplets were held on microthread. An investigation of the role of relative humidity in open-air toxicity was included.


Viricidal activity of open air.

Viricidal activity of open air. Airborne Semliki Forest virus and T coliphages were inactivated at a considerably enhanced rate in open air compared with enclosed air. Open air exerts its maximum sterilizing activity on viruses contained in the smallest sized particles.


The efficacy of local anesthetics in blocking the sensations of itch, burning, and pain in normal and "sunburned" skin.


Effects of oxygen on aerosol survival of radiation sensitive and resistant strains of Escherichia coli B. The aerosol survivals in air and nitrogen of radiation sensitive and resistant mutants of Escherichia coli B have been determined with logarithmic and resting phase bacteria. No consistent correlation was found between radiation sensitivity and aerosol sensitivity in the strains tested. Hence, the phenotypes Fil Hcr Exr, which determine sensitivity to radiation, do not influence aerosol survival, i.e. these known mechanisms which repair radiation-induced damage do not operate in aerosol stressed E. coli. In all cases the survival in air was less than that in nitrogen particularly so for E. coli B(s-1). The effect is explained in terms of a toxic action of oxygen. Comparison of survival of log and resting phase bacteria show that log phase cells are less aerosol stable than are resting phase cells. The ability to synthesize DNA in bacteria collected from the aerosol was less than in control unstressed bacteria, and this effect was independent of the presence of oxygen. Reduced ability to synthesize DNA could have been caused by reduced metabolic activity. It is shown that two different death mechanisms occur simultaneously in aerosols at low relative humidity. One mechanism is oxygen dependent and the other oxygen independent. The former was not through a decrease in metabolic activity, whereas the latter could be.


The survival of salmonellas on finger-tips and transfer of the organisms to foods. The survival of salmonellas on the finger-tips is considered with reference to the ease with which they can be transferred to food by handling.Escherichia coli and several Salmonella serotypes were shown to survive on the finger-tips for various periods of time, for example, S. anatum could be recovered 3 hr. after artificially contaminating them with between 500 and 2000 organisms. S. anatum could also be recovered from the finger-tips after contaminating them with more than 6000 organisms followed by a 15 sec. hand-wash 10 min. later. Similarly, the survivors from minimal inocula of less than 100 S. anatum/finger-tip were, after 10 min., still capable of infecting samples of corned beef and ham. E. coli was isolated from the finger-tips of 13 of 110 butchers soon after they had left the meat line at a meat products factory, but was not detected on the finger-tips of 100 volunteers at the Central Public Health Laboratory.The implications of the present findings to the spread of salmonellas from raw to cooked foods, and the relevance of this to outbreaks of Salmonella infection in the general population and in hospitals, are discussed.


Analgesic potency of pentazocine and pethidine in post-operative pain.


A biochemical subdivision of one phage type of Salmonella typhimurium. A total of 1537 strains of Salmonella typhimurium belonging to seven prevalent phage types were examined on solid media for their ability to ferment rhamnose, xylose and inositol, for colicine production and for nutritional requirements. Most of the strains in each phage type were almost completely homogeneous, especially in their sugar fermentation reactions. However, strains of phage type 1 a/2 were not homogeneous, but could be assigned to one of four subgroups on the basis of ability to ferment inositol, inhibition of growth by meso-tartrate and auxotrophy for nicotinic acid. The subdivision proved to have epidemiological value. The inhibition of growth by meso-tartrate was observed on a defined medium containing citrate as the energy source. Inhibition did not occur if glucose, casein hydrolysate or aspartic acid were added to the medium.


Early human studies of a new carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (NSD 3004) with anticonvulsant properties.


Cell surveillance model for lymphocyte cooperation.


Ligandin: a hepatic protein which binds steroids, bilirubin, carcinogens and a number of exogenous organic anions.


Human repetitious DNA, satellite DNA and chromosome interarm fibres.


Evidence for a conformational change in nerve membrane with depolarization.


X-ray-induced morphological differentiation of mouse neuroblastoma cells in vitro.


Fertility reduced in a caged native house fly strain by the introduction of strains bearing heterozygous chromosomal translocations.


Loss of the sensory process of an insect receptor at ecdysis.


Thysanoessa inermis and T. longicaudata (Euphausiidae) as first intermediate hosts of Anisakis sp. (Nematoda: Ascaridata) in the northern North Sea, to the north of Scotland and at Faroe.


Alpha rhythms in the hyperkinetic child.


Alteration of sites on the mammalian sperm surface following capacitation.


Birth rank and mental illness.

Birth rank and mental illness.


Urination as a social response in mice.

Urination as a social response in mice.


67 Gallium in the detection and localization of tumours.


Isolation of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from rural soil in Venezuela.


In vitro susceptibility and resistance of Candida spp. to hamycin.


Extended therapy with a trimethoprim-sulphonamide for the treatment of established urinary tract infection.


Long-term trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in the management of recurrent urinary infection.


Are the neoantigens induced by chemical carcinogens or by leukaemogenic viruses particular to cancer cells?


Malignant lymphomas in transplantation patients.


Conservation of the liver.

Conservation of the liver.


Asanguinous perfusion preservation of canine liver and heart using a simple manuable portable apparatus.


Hypothermic-hyperbaric pulsatile perfusion for preservation of the canine heart.


Immunity against the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma produced by bacterial endotoxins.


A mobile system for cadaver kidney preservation.


Opening remarks.

Opening remarks.


Medical aspects of transplantation.

Medical aspects of transplantation.


Mechanisms of kidney allograft rejection.


Some practical problems in kidney transplantation.


The contribution of kidney transplantation o the study of glomerulonephritis--the recurrence of glomerulonephritis in renal transplants.


An analysis of the incidence of early transplant failure data from the human kidney transplant registry.


Hepatitis and liver damage among patients and staff in a transplantation unit.


Management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in renal allograft recipients.


Transplantation of the lung.

Transplantation of the lung.


Transplantation of the intestine and pancreas.


Cartilage and bone transplantation.

Cartilage and bone transplantation.


Suppression of the immune response to corneal xenografts.


Intravascular coagulation (IVC) in human renal allograft rejection.


Characterization of antibodies following human renal homograft rejection.


Non-specific and adaptive immunity in renal transplantation.


Prolonged renal allograft survival associated with antigen pretreatment.


Biopsy features of early acute rejection in cadaveric renal grafts.


Studies on the mechanism of canine renal allograft rejection.


Simultaneous homotransplantation of heart and kidney from the same donor in bilaterally nephrectomized dogs.


The participation of platelets in the rejection of dog kidney allotransplants: hematologic and electron microscopic studies.


Histopathology of orthotopic canine cardiac homografts and its clinical correlation.


Organ homografts for hemophilia.

Organ homografts for hemophilia.


Functional adequacy of transplanted lungs in the early postoperative period: definition and extension of tolerable ischemia.


Immunosuppressive effects of the orthotopically transplanted porcine liver.


In vitro interaction of specifically-sensitized and non-sensitized lymphocytes with kidney cells from human renal homografts.


Skin graft rejection between subjects genotyped for HL-A.


Histocompatibility typing of inbred mice for known non-H-2 alleles.


Leukocyte typing and kidney transplantation in unrelated donor-recipient pairs. A study in patients of Drs. S. Peart, J.F.Mowbray, and G.R.J. Alexandre.


The HL-A system defined with lymphocytotoxic and platelet antibodies in relation to kidney transplantation.


Leukocyte antigens in cadaver transplantation.


A genetic model of human histocompatibility based on the results of double cadaver renal homografts.


Donor selection for kidney transplantation, based on leukocyte pheno- and genotyping and mixed lymphocyte cultures.


Experimental allotransplantation in man. I. The role of the HL-A system in different genetic combinations.


Experimental allotransplantation in man. II. The role of A 1 , A 2 , and B antigens. 3. Enhancement by circulating antibody.


Kidney versus skin allograft reaction in normal adult rats of inbred strains.


In vitro expression of homograft reactions.


Immunological considerations of bone marrow transplantation.


The stimulating and suppressive properties of anti-lymphocyte serum (ALS) on lymphocyte transformation in vitro.


A new in vitro test evaluating anti-lymphocyte serum potency.


Effect of antilymphocyte serum on the thymus.


Induction of tolerance with antilymphocytic serum.


Effects of antilymphocyte sera on antibody forming cells and macrophages in the early immune response.


Local effects of antilymphocyte serum.

Local effects of antilymphocyte serum.


Antibody plaque reduction in vitro and in vivo: a rapid assay for immunosuppressive agents.


Anti-leukocyte serum: suppression of antibody-forming cells and their precursors in vivo and in vitro.


Mechanism of long term survival of renal allografts after treatment with antilymphocyte antibody.


Prolongation of skin homograft survival by mouse-anti-mouse thymocyte isoantiserum.


A trial with heterologous antilymphocyte globulin in man.


Prolongation of murine cardiac allografts with antilymphocyte serum.


The effect of heterologous antilymphocyte serum on the formation of H-2 antibody and the induction of allograft immunity.


The efficiency of sheep antidog antilymphocyte serum (SADALS) in the prolongation of canine heart allografts.


Induction of the alloimmune response in mouse lymphocytes by cell-free transplantation antigens in vitro: enhancement of DNA synthesis and specific sensitization.


Protective action of homologous serum component on graft rejection.


In vivo immunosuppression and in vitro antiproliferative activity of polyribonuclease.


Cell to cell interaction in the immune response.


Is the trophoblast antigenic?

Is the trophoblast antigenic?


Allogeneic inhibition in tolerant animals.


Tissue isoantigens shared by rabbits and mice.


Specificity of the in vitro response of antigen-sensitive units to two antigens.


Maturation of histocompatibility antigens and host reactivity in the rat.


Allogeneic suppression: inhibition of antibody plaque forming cells in vitro by non-sensitized lymphoid cells.


Skin allograft survival in lymphocyte-depleted calves.


Allograft immunity produced with skin isografts from immunologically tolerant mice.


Further studies of the hamster's cheek pouch as a privileged site.


Inhibition of second-set renal allograft responses by portal vein drainage.


An experimental model relevant to recurrent autoimmune glomerulonephritis in transplanted human kidneys.


Immunological tolerance to a purified protein antigen in vitro.


Histocompatibility studies in haploidentical genetic combinations.


Immunosuppressive effects of phytohemagglutinin.


Streptococcal antigens and antibodies in transplantation.


The "immunological inertia" of viviparity.


The future of transplantation biology and medicine.


On the nature of thymineless death.

On the nature of thymineless death.


Combination chemotherapy with folate antagonists.


The relationship of oral contraception to depression.


The psychology of crowd behaviour: a review of Freud's theories in the light of contemporary historical research.


Spina bifida and hydrocephalus.

Spina bifida and hydrocephalus.


Simpson and Hans Andersen.

Simpson and Hans Andersen.


Device for automatic diagnosis and treatment of terminal states.


Diagnosis and management of abdominal trauma.


Development of mammalian erythroid cells.


The feasibility of locating addicts in the community.


The primary structure of the polypeptide chain of A II component of adult chicken hemoglobin.


Effect of phospholipids from saccharomyces cerevisiae at different stages of development on restoration of succinooxidase activity in lipid-depleted mitochondria.


On the correlation of configurational changes in the inner mitochondrial membrane with energization.


A lattice structure in beef heart mitochondria induced by phosphotungstic acid.


Resistance of oxidative phosphorylation in Escherichia coli to hyperoxia.


Cytidine deaminase from Escherichia coli. Purification, properties and inhibition by the potential transition state analog 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrouridine.


Protein synthesis in rabbit reticulocytes. Factors controlling internal and terminal methionine codon recognition by the methionyl transfer ribonucleic acid species.


The equilibrium of hydrolytic deamination of cytidine and N 4 -methylcytidine.


Transport of the four isomers of 2-aminonorbornane-2-carboxylic acid in selected mammalian systems and in Escherichia coli.


Tryptophanyl transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase of Escherichia coli. II. Molecular weight, subunit structure, sulfhydryl content, and substrate-binding properties.


L-Asparaginase from Escherichia coli B. Physicochemical studies of the dissociation process.


Studies on the properties of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone. The effects of various chemical and enzymatic treatments on the biological activity of porcine luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) are described.  This experiment was performed before the elucidation of the structure of LH-RH.  LH-RH activity was abolished by the following endopeptidases: chymotrypsin, subtilisin, papain, and thermolysin, but not by pepsin or trypsin.  Exopeptidases did not affect LH-RH activity, but a purified preparation of pyrolidone carbosylpeptidase did.  The amino acid sequence of LH-RH/FSH-RH was established to be (pyro)Glu-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-Amine.  This decapeptide lacks both the Amine terminus and the COOH terminus.  Its Amine-terminal dipeptide sequence,(pyro)Glu-His, is similar to that of tyrotropin-releasing hormone.  The lack of inactivation by the exopeptidases is in good agreement with these findings.  Treatment with various chemical reagents showed that tyrosine, histidine, tryptophan, and arginine in LH-RH are important for its biological activity.  Nitrous acid and Edman degradation did not inactivate LH-RH.  These results are also in agreement with the determined structure of LH-RH.  This hormone showed a high follicle-stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (FSH-RH) activity.  The inactivation of LH-RH was always accompanied by a loss of FSH-RH activity.  These experiments also shed some light on the structure-activity relationship of this hormone.


Studies on the formation of ribonucleic acid-ribosome complexes. XVI. Effect of ribosomal translocation inhibitors on polyribosomes.


Studies on the formation of transfer ribonucleic acid-ribosome complexes. IV. Effect of antibiotics on steps of bacterial protein synthesis: some new ribosomal inhibitors of translocation.


The structure and coding specificity of a lysine transfer ribonucleic acid from the haploid yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha S288C.


Transfer of Escherichia coli antibodies from sow to piglet.


Observations on the pathogenic properties of the K88, Hly and Ent plasmids of Escherichia coli with particular reference to porcine diarrhoea.


The effect of antisera in protecting pigs against experimental Escherichia coli diarrhoea and oedema disease.


New instructional materials.

New instructional materials.


Desmond Makgill Frengley.

Desmond Makgill Frengley.


Aspirin and the kidney.

Aspirin and the kidney.


Abortion in the Maori in historical perspective.


Surface preparations of the organ of Corti and their utility in otologic research.


Remarks on physical training of children with cerebral palsy.


Effect of physical training on central and peripheral circulation in adolescents with motor handicaps.


Further quantitative structural studies of the pancreatic islet parenchyma in rats with duct ligation.


"Postpartum necrosis of the anterior pituitary", by H.L. Sheehan, Journal of Pathology and Bacteriology, vol. 45, pp. 189-214, 1937.


Analysis of bifocal contact lenses.

Analysis of bifocal contact lenses.


Refractive changes in the cornea: mathematical considerations.


Computer programming and optometric research.


Guanylylimidodiphosphate and its interaction with amino acid polymerization factors.


Isolation of an RNA polymearse-DNA complex by CsCl equilibrium centrifugation.


Specificity in in vitro complementation of  -galactosidase from mutant m15 of E. coli.


THe dependence of the rate of RNase A catalyzed hydrolysis of ribosomes and rRNA on the concentration of magnesium and ammonium ions.


Initiation factor dependent release of aminoacyl-tRNAs from complexes of 30S ribosomal subunits, synthetic polynucleotide and aminoacyl tRNA.


Temperature-sensitive revertants.

Temperature-sensitive revertants.


Production of gramicidin S in batch and continuous culture.


Temperature relationship in continous culture.


The influence of the iso-electric point of L-asparaginase upon its persistence in the blood.


A new analysis of trains of increasing or decreasing interspike intervals treated as self-adjusting sets of ratios.


The nature of experimental second-set kidney transport rejection. 5. Nephrograms in second-set reactions and their general significance in acute renal failure.


Antibody synthesis in kidney, spleen and lymph nodes in acute and healed focal pyelonephritis.


Support of the circulation by mechanical means: a review.


The role of hypercoagulability in venous and arterial thrombosis.


The nature of surface enamel in human teeth.


An improved full crown and impression technic.


Alpha-ray induced breaks in the DNA of Escherichia coli.


The dependence of the oxygen enhancement ratio on the test of damage in irradiated bacteria.


Single-strand breaks in gamma-irradiated phi-X174 DNA induced by exposure to alkali.


Information processing in the rabbit visual system.


Louping-ill encephalomyelitis in the sheep. IV. Nature of the perivascular inflammatory reaction.


The production of calf pneumonia with Escherichia coli and a bovine picornavirus.


Alfred Adler and Ortega Y Gasset.

Alfred Adler and Ortega Y Gasset.


Adler's psychology: Science of Living by José Ortega Y Gasset (1883-1955).


Further considerations on Alfred Adler and Ortega Y Gasset.


Love is a recent invention by Alfred Adler (1870-1937).


New model of a pneumatic dental drill.

New model of a pneumatic dental drill.


Present-day Adlerian psychiatric practice.


Utilization of creativity in Adlerian psychotherapy.


Confrontation techniques in Adlerian psychotherapy.


Marathon, Adlerian style.

Marathon, Adlerian style.


Sane Ben Franklin: an Adlerian view of his Autobiography.


Alfred Adler on Leonardo Da Vinci.

Alfred Adler on Leonardo Da Vinci.


Morphology of neuroglia in the hypothalamus of the opossum (Didelphis virginiana), armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus) and cat (Felis domestica).


Effects of 100 per cent. oxygen ventilation on pulmonary ultrastructure and mechanics.


Raũl Hernãndez-Peõn (1924-1968).

Raũl Hernãndez-Peõn (1924-1968).


Immunosurveillance, regeneration and oncogenesis.


Computer guided diagnosis of asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Second communication: computing methods and results.


Lymphocytic choriomeningitis: an animal model of persistent viral infection with cellular injury mediated by host antiviral immune response.


Electrocardiographic changes of heterotopic heart allografts in dogs receiving immunosuppressive treatment.


Pathological changes in canine heart allografts after heterotopic transplantation.


Selection of ribosomal mutants by antibiotic suppression in yeast. Wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae is highly resistant to streptomycin. A histidine auxotroph was found which could grow without histidine in the presence of high concentrations of streptomycin. Selection for derivatives of this strain which could be suppressed by much lower concentrations of streptomycin yielded streptomycin-sensitive mutants which are cold-sensitive and have altered ribosomal profiles.


Determination of deoxycorticosterone in plasma; double isotope and immunoassay methods.


Relief of anxiety and related emotions in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. A double-blind controlled study.


Optic atrophy and neurosyphilis.

Optic atrophy and neurosyphilis.


Alcoholic myopathy.

Alcoholic myopathy.


Antibody variability.

Antibody variability.


Proliferation of myeloid cells.

Proliferation of myeloid cells.


Lymphocyte physiology.

Lymphocyte physiology.


Malabsorption due to lymphomatous disease.


Proinsulin.

Proinsulin.


Abnormal hemoglobins with high and low oxygen affinity.