Meningococcal infections. 1. Prevalence of serogroups causing disease in US Army personnel in 1964-70. Examination of large numbers of strains of meningococci associated with systemic disease in US Army personnel over a 7-year period has shown a changing pattern of sero-group prevalence and an increasing proportion of sulfadiazine-resistant organisms. These findings underline the failure of sulfadiazine prophylaxis and the necessity of applying a specific vaccine to this population. Knowledge of this kind from other populations will be required in order to provide appropriate control measures-vaccine or chemoprophylaxis.


Membrane ionic permeabilities and contractile phenomena in myocardium.


Acute effects of hepatocarcinogens on mouse-liver microsomal antigens.


Treatment with glibenclamide in maturity-onset diabetes mellitus.


Identification of an epidemic strain of Neisseria meningitidis by bacteriocin typing.


The effect of rifampin on the nasopharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis in a military population.


Use of pepsin-treated hepatitis-associated antigen in the production of precipitating antibody.


Antibody response, delayed hypersensitivity, and immunity in guinea pigs induced by smooth and rough strains of Brucella abortus.


Experimental myositis: the in-vivo and in-vitro activity of lymph-node cells.


Regulation of alkaline phosphatase activity in human cell cultures: role of serum.


Evidence of high stability of the glucose transport carrier function in human red cell ghosts extensively washed in various media.


Status spongiosus of nervous tissue. Electron microscopic studies.


Comparative study of various neutral proteinases from microorganisms: specificity with oligopeptides.


Purification, specificity, and other properties of a ribonuclease from Octopus vulgaris.


Activation of mouse mastocytoma ATP sulfurylase by p-hydroxymercuribenzoate.


Spectrophotometric determination of monophenolase activity of tyrosinase isozymes.


Studies on thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). 3. Some physical characteristics of TBG and its interaction with thyroxine.


Doubts about a phosphate understudy.

Doubts about a phosphate understudy.


Insta-gel scintillant for calcium-45 counting in biological samples.


Complement levels before and after radiotherapy in cancer patients.


Metabolism of  131 I-labelled fibrinogen in monkeys infected with Plasmodium coatneyi.


Detection of Australia antigen by electro-osmodiffusion (E.O.D.).


Cardiac pacing and the law of initial value in rhesus monkeys.


Instrumental conditioning of blood pressure elevations in the baboon.


Some properties of a protease from Bacillus polymyxa.


The proteins of Xenopus ovary ribosomes. 1. The preparation of ribosomes and ribosomal subunits from Xenopus ovary is described. 2. The yield of once-washed ribosomes (buoyant density in caesium chloride 1.601g.cm(-3); 44% RNA, 56% protein by chemical methods) was 10.1mg/g wet wt. of tissue. 3. Buoyant density in caesium chloride and RNA/protein ratios by chemical methods have been determined for ribosome subunits produced by 1.0mm-EDTA or 0.5m-potassium chloride treatment and also for EDTA subunits extracted with 0.5m-, 1.0m- or 1.5m-potassium chloride, 4. Analysis of ribosomal protein on acrylamide gels at pH4.5 in 6m-urea reveals 24 and 26 bands from small and large EDTA subunits respectively. The actual numbers of proteins are greater than this, as many bands are obviously doublets. 5. Analysis of the proteins in the potassium chloride extract and particle fractions showed that some bands are completely and some partially extracted. Taking partial extraction as an indication of possible doublet bands it was found that there were 12 and 20 such bands in the small and large subunits respectively, making totals of 36 and 46 proteins. 6. From the measured protein contents and assuming weight-average molecular weights for the proteins of large and small subunits close to those observed for eukaryote ribosomal proteins it is possible to compute the total numbers of protein molecules per particle. It appears that too few protein bands have been identified on acrylamide gels to account for all the protein in the large subunit, but probably enough for the small subunit.


The isolation and functional identification of a protein from the human erythrocyte 'ghost'. A protein, initially identified as a band on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of erythrocyte ;ghosts', was isolated by selective extraction of ;ghosts' with EDTA solutions. The molecular weight of the polypeptide chain was estimated as 33000 and it represents approx. 5% of the membrane protein. The N-terminal sequence of the protein was established. Comparison with known protein sequences suggested that the protein might be the erythrocyte d-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. This identification was confirmed by direct enzyme assay. It is suggested that this enzyme, which is strongly retained by erythrocyte ;ghosts' on haemolysis of erythrocytes, is unlikely to be an integral part of the structure of the erythrocyte membrane.


Immunoenzymology of purified urate oxidase.


Development of phenylalanine hydroxylase activity in guinea pig liver.


Thyroid status & in vitro uptake of testosterone 1,2- 3H & estradiol 6,7-3H by the rhesus monkey prostate.


Effect of hydroxyurea on the development of macronuclear anlagen in the exconjugants of Blepharisma seshachari Bhandary.


Chemical & pharmacological investigations on the seeds of Abrus precatorius Linn. II. Effect of seeds on mitosis & meiosis in grasshopper, Poecilocera picta & some ciliates.


Properties of rat bone inorganic pyrophosphatase studied by means of  32 P-radioassay.


Studies on 3'-nucleotidase-nuclease from potato tubers. I. Purification and some properties of the enzyme.


Structure of pyocin R. 3. Self-assembly of sheath subunits.


Asparaginase and glutaminase activities of bacteria.


Effect of growth temperature on cold osmotic shock in Escherichia coli ML30.


Aids in classification and characterization of Neisseria species.


Genetic relatedness within the Bacillus cereus group of bacilli.


The selective detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water.


The taxonomy of the Pseudomonas fluorescens species group.


Structure-activity relationships in chemically modified coumermycin.


Antibiotics and other naturally occurring hydroxamic acids and hydroxamates.


The effect of pyuria upon experimentally produced renal obstruction.


Comparison of electrophoretic patterns of serum albumin between several species of mammals in acrylamide gel containing urea and ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid.


Identification of crude and purified bacterial proteinases by agar gel diffusion and agar gel electrophoretic procedures.


Immunological properties of neoplastic neural tissues. The results are presented of the examination of 28 neoplasms from the nervous system for an organ-specific antigenic material demonstrated in glial cells and myelin, using gel diffusion, immunocytotoxicity and immunofluorescence techniques.The antigenic material was demonstrable in benign gliomas and in those of low-grade malignancy, but not in the more malignant gliomas and non-gliomatous neoplasia.The implications of the loss of specific antigenic material with reference to cell structure and function, and some fallacies in the interpretation of the significance of tissue specific antigen in carcinogenesis are discussed.


Monoamines in the pancreatic islets of the mouse. 5-hydroxytryptamine as an intracellular modifier of insulin secretion, and the hypoglycaemic action of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.


Immunohistological demonstration of insulin in islets of langerhans after stimulation of insulin secretion by glucose, sulphonylureas and insulin antibodies.


Pharmacodynamic aspects of tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glibornuride and glisoxepide. I. Dose response relations and repeated administration in diabetic subjects.


Pharmacodynamic aspects of tolbutamide, glibenclamide, glibornuride, and glisoxepide. II. Repeated administration in combination with glucose.


Accessory oculomotor nuclei in the monkey.


Migrants and their children in Israel. Identification and change.


Reversal of the antilipolytic effect of prostaglandin E 2  by an oxazepine derivative (SC-19220).


Mechanism of transformation in B. subtilis.


Structural features of DNA in competent Bacillus subtilis.


Radiation-induced translocations in inseminated eggs of Drosophila melanogaster.


Temperature shock-induced specific visible mutations at the dumpy locus of D. melanogaster.


Extrachromosomal element delta in Drosophila melanogaster. VI. Induction of recurrent lethal mutations in definite regions of second chromosomes.


Radiation-induced human chromosome aberrations. II. Human in vitro irradiation compared to in vitro and in vivo irradiation of marmoset leukocytes.


The production of monosomic-trisomic individuals in Drosophila melanogaster by x-irradiation of immature oocytes.


"Thio-tepa" eye drops.

"Thio-tepa" eye drops.


The absorption, excretion and metabolism of disodium (14C)cromoglycate in man.


Carbonic anhydrase: multiple forms in plants.


Appearance of a methylated ribonucleic acid on illumination of Euglena gracillis cells grown in the dark. Investigation of the methylation of nucleic acids by [Me-(3)H]methionine after illumination of Euglena cells grown in the dark has shown that a high-molecular-weight nucleic acid fraction undergoes methylation after exposure to light for 60-120min. This methylated nucleic acid fraction was isolated both by sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation and exclusion chromatography on Sephadex G-200. The fraction was shown to consist of a preformed RNA that is present in cells grown in the dark and which on illumination is transmethylated by methionine.


The non-enzymic hydroxylation of phenylalanine to tyrosine by 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6,7-dimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine. 1. Phenylalanine is converted into tyrosine by incubation in air with 6,7-dimethyltetrahydropterin, which is a cofactor for the enzymic hydroxylation. This can cause serious inaccuracies in assays of phenylalanine hydroxylase. 2. The non-enzymic reaction is not specific for l-phenylalanine. 3. m-Tyrosine, o-tyrosine and dihydroxyphenylalanines are formed in addition to p-tyrosine; their chromatographic separation and assay are described. 4. l-[(14)C]Phenylalanine as purchased or soon after purification contains p- and m-tyrosine, both of which can cause errors in the assay of phenylalanine hydroxylase. 5. Catalase prevents the non-enzymic hydroxylation. Thiol compounds in low concentrations stimulate the reaction but in high concentrations are inhibitory. Fe(2+) and metal complexing agents have small stimulatory effects. 6. The mechanism of the non-enzymic reaction and its possible relation to the enzymic hydroxylation of phenylalanine are discussed; it is suggested that phenylalanine is attacked by a peroxide of the cofactor.


Structural proteins in the egg-shell of the oriental garden cricket, Gryllus mitratus. 1. The egg-shell of the oriental garden cricket, Gryllus mitratus, contained at least two different types of structural protein in an approximate ratio of 5:1. The major fraction was extracted in a solvent containing dithiothreitol, EDTA and 8m-urea, and was purified to apparent homogeneity as judged by free-boundary electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. This was designated SH-fraction and its S-carboxymethyl derivative (CM-fraction) was also prepared. The minor fraction, insoluble in the solvent, was designated insoluble residue. 2. The major fraction was a phosphoprotein, rich in serine (29.8mol% of the total amino acids) and phosphate (nearly equimolar to serine), and O-phosphoserine was identified in its partial acid hydrolysate. The content of cystine was rather low (0.9mol%) in spite of the importance of this amino acid residue in the native form of the protein. The insoluble residue contained only a small amount of phosphorus, and its amino acid composition was clearly different from the major fraction. 3. CM-fraction, a fibrous protein with an average molecular weight of 57500, behaved as a typical polyanion owing to the high content of phosphate. SH-fraction and CM-fraction were precipitable from their aqueous solutions by the addition of bivalent metal cations, and the precipitation of CM-fraction by Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) was studied in detail. 4. When SH-fraction was exposed to air, intermolecular disulphide linkages were formed, yielding a net-like gel that changed its volume with changes in Ca(2+), Mg(2+) and Na(+). 5. The possible role of this protein fraction in maintaining the integrity of the egg-shell, and a comparison of its composition and properties with other egg-shell proteins and other phosphoproteins, are discussed.


Thermal denaturation in acidic solutions of double-helical ribonucleic acid from virus-like particles found in Penicillium chrysogenum. A spectrophotometric study. 1. Two species of double-helical RNA isolated from mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum were titrated with acid at 25 degrees C and 95 degrees C (solvent 0.1m-sodium phosphate buffer). At 25 degrees C denaturation occurred at about pH3. At 95 degrees C in the denatured form cytosine residues titrated as a simple monobasic acid of pK3.9 compared with pK approximately 2.5 for the native form at 25 degrees C. 2. On thermal denaturation in neutral and acidic solutions one species of RNA (38% rG.rC) ;melted' in three distinct stages, equivalent to a mixture of three species, namely one of about 25% rG.rC, another of about 33% rG.rC and a third of about 46% rG.rC: the relative proportions were 0.25:0.35:0.40. 3. On thermal denaturation in acidic solutions the increase in the fraction of ionized cytosine residues concomitant with the ;melting' of rG.rC base pair also affects the spectrum especially at 280nm and serves to enhance the contribution of rG.rC base pairs at this wavelength. The increment in epsilon((P)) at 280nm on ;melting' an rG.rC base pair approaches 53501.mol(-1).cm(-1) depending on pH, compared with 33501.mol(-1).cm(-1) at pH7. In contrast epsilon((P)) at 280nm is scarcely affected by ;melting' rA.rU base pairs or by the protonization of adenine residues. 4. Changes in the spectrum of Escherichia coli rRNA on denaturation in acidic solutions were studied to yield the mole fractions of rA.rU and rG.rC base pairs ;melting' at particular pH values.


Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Effect of medium on the form of chromosome replication and on initiation to sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. Thymine-requiring mutants of Bacillus subtilis and mutants that are temperature-sensitive for initiation of chromosome replication have been used to study the relationship between sporulation and chromosome formation. The DNA synthesis that normally occurs when cells are transferred to sporulation medium is essential for spore induction. This is shown by the fact that thymine-starved cells are unable to form spores and are unable to perform even the earlier steps of sporulation, such as septum formation or synthesis of alkaline phosphatase. The nature of the medium in which the cells are growing while the DNA is being completed is also important because it determines both the shape and the position of the daughter chromosomes. If the cells are in a rich medium, the newly synthesized chromosomes are discrete and compact bodies: the cells are primed for growth, and sporulation cannot be induced by transferring them at this stage to a spore-inducing medium. If DNA synthesis was completed with the cells in a poor medium the daughter chromosomes, by the time DNA synthesis has ceased, are spread in a single filamentous band and the cells are morphologically already in stage I of sporulation.


The influence of growth conditions on the presence of bacteriophage-receptor sites in walls of Bacillus subtilis W23.


Oviposition rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster and its alteration by a change in the photoperiodicity.


Hyperthermic effect of disodium edetate injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle of the unanesthetized cat.


Grooming behaviour in a troop of free-ranging chacma baboons (Papio ursinus).


Adult male-infant relations among baboons (Papio anubis).


Territories and movements of sykes monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis kolbi neuman) in Kenya.


The blood supply of the heart in different monkey species. On the types of myocardial blood supply.


The annual reproductive cycle of an African monkey (Cercopithecus mitis kolbi Neuman).


The contrasting morphology found in the wrist joints of semibrachiating monkeys and brachiating apes.


The chromosomes of the crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis).


Evolution of the marked chromosomes of primates. Experimental evidence for pericentric inversion.


Tissue enzyme studies in Macaca nemestrima monkeys.


Serological reactions with treponemal antigens in nonhuman primates and the natural history of treponematosis in man.


Methodological investigations on the ABO-typing of ancient bones.


Genetic and linkage analysis on 6-PGD.

Genetic and linkage analysis on 6-PGD.


Evidence of a paracellular pathway for ion flow in the kidney proximal tubule. Electromicroscopic demonstration of lanthanum precipitate in the tight junction.


Streptokinase and urokinase activation of human, chimpanzee and baboon plasminogen.


Effects of N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)-2,5-dichloroaniline (AN162) on platelet function and blood coagulation.


Environmental influences on behavior of domesticated and laboratory animals.


Choleretics and biliary excretion of antibiotics in rats.


The three-dimensional fine structure of chromosomes in a prophase Drosophila nucleus.


Physiologic corroboration in stereotaxic high cervical cordotomy.


Meningococcal disease with cardiac death. A case report.


Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.

Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole.


The sexual behavior of a confined troop of Japanese macaques.


Supernumerary nipples in the baboon (Papio cynocephalus).


Antitubercular action of disinfectants.

Antitubercular action of disinfectants.


Degradation of acetylsalicylic acid by a strain of Acinetobacter lwoffii.


A composite arginine glucose medium for the characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other gram negative bacilli.


Antibacterial activity of long chain fatty acids and the reversal with calcium, magnesium, ergocalciferol and cholesterol.


Isolation of a peptidoglycolipid from M. johnei and its possible use in intradermal tests.


Attempts to release the scrapie agent from tissue debris.


Studies on the lipids of Plasmodium knowlesi-infected rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). IV. Changes in erythrocyte lipids.


Some properties of soluble and solubilized particle-bound hexokinase.


Progress in determining bone marrow distribution in vivo.


Chemical properties of flavins in relation to flavoprotein catalysis.


Occurrence of aminopeptidases (arylaminopeptidases) in human amniotic fluid and their participation on kinin degradation.


5-hydroxytryptamine content of the dog myocardium after chronic electroconvulsive therapy.


Studies on the life cycle and biology of Ternidens deminutus (Railliet & Henry, 1905), (Nematoda: Strongylidae).


Arteriosclerosis in Rheusus monkeys.

Arteriosclerosis in Rheusus monkeys.


Fog fever and precipitins to micro-organisms of mouldy hay.


IgA in the body fluids of sheep and cattle.


Degradation of rat liver polysomes upon treatment with various salts.


The effect of polyethyleneglycol on the iodine-sensitivity of penicillinase from B. cereus.


The factors affecting the stability of the penicillinase messenger RNA of B. cereus 569.


The effect of induced withdrawal on the penicillinase synthesis induced aspecifically with phosphate in B. cereus.


Semiinducible oxidation of some carbohydrates and polyols by starved Mycobacteria.


Temperature-sensitive mutations in bacteriophages of Corynebacterium diphtheriae.


The role of the epidermis in the histopathogenesis of lichen amyloidosus. Histochemical correlations.


The detection of epiloia in adult epileptics.


IgE levels in the sera of asthmatic children.


Pyocine types and antibiotic sensitivity of hospital strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


A comparison of the immunoglobulins IgA, IgG and IgE in nasal secretions from normal and asthmatic children.


The ultrastructure of placental villi in cases of serological conflict in Rh-incompatibility.


A study of cerebellar dyskinesia in the bilaterally deafferented forelimbs of the monkey (Macaca mulatta and Macaca speciosa).


Immunoprecipitation tests in the diagnosis of human hydatidosis.


The fluorescent antibody test for malaria.


Studies on the control of mosquitoes in Egypt by means of chemosterilants. IV. Sterilization of Anopheles pharoensis and Culex pipiens by apholate and thiotepa.


The ribosomal RNA cistrons.

The ribosomal RNA cistrons.


Experimental and clinical studies of rifampicin in tuberculosis.


The cyclases of triterpene and sterol biosynthesis.


"Status dysraphicus" and dysraphic anomalies of the central nervous system with case report.


Structure and function of human immunoglobulin E.


Comparative studies on the pathology and host physiology of malarias. I. Plasmodium coatneyi.


American trypanosomiasis in British Honduras. IV. Laboratory observations on Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) and its efficiency as a vector of Chagas' disease in British Honduras.


American trypanosomiasis in British Honduras. 3. Unusual morphology in a strain of Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi from a white mouse infected with the gut contents of a wild-caught Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera, Reduviidae).


The effects of temperature on the composition and physical properties of the lipids of Pseudomonas fluorescens. 1. Pseudomonas fluorescens was grown at various temperatures between 5 degrees C and 33 degrees C. The extractable lipids from organisms at various stages of growth and grown at different temperatures were examined. 2. The extractable lipids contained phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, and an ornithine-containing lipid. The relative amounts of these lipids did not vary significantly during growth or with the changes in growth temperature. 3. The major fatty acids were hexadecanoic, hexadecenoic and octadecenoic acids and the cyclopropane acids methylene-hexadecanoic and methylene-octadecanoic acids. The relative amount of unsaturated acids (including cyclopropane acids) did not change significantly during growth, but increased with decreasing temperature. 4. Phosphatidylethanolamines with different degrees of unsaturation and containing different amounts of cyclopropane acids were isolated from organisms grown at 5 degrees C and 22 degrees C and their surface and phase behaviour in water was investigated. Thermodynamic parameters for fusion and monolayer results for cyclopropane and other fatty acids were examined. 5. The surface pressure-area isotherms of phosphatidylethanolamines containing different amounts of unsaturated fatty acids show small differences but the individual isotherms remain essentially unchanged over the temperature range 5-22 degrees C. X-ray-diffraction methods show that the structures (lamellar+hexagonal) formed in water by phosphatidylethanolamine, isolated from organisms grown at 5 degrees C and 22 degrees C, are identical when compared at the respective growth temperatures. This points to a control mechanism of the physical state of the lipids that is sensitive to the operating temperature of the organism. 6. The molecular packing of cyclopropane acids is intermediate between that of the corresponding cis- and trans-monoenoic acids. However, substitution of a cyclopropane acid for a cis-unsaturated acid has insignificant effects on the molecular packing of phospholipids containing these acids.


Maternal-foetal relationship of methionine and cystine in the pregnant rhesus monkey.


Antimicrobial proteins in bovine neutrophils.


Spontaneous cases of a disease of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca irus) probably caused by the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma-trachoma group (Chlamydia).


Studies on proteolytic activity in commercial myoglobin preparations. Commercial myoglobin preparations from horse skeletal muscle degraded casein. The maximum activity was at pH8-8.5. A muscle myofibril preparation was also attacked. The protease could be partly separated from the myoglobin by selective ultrafiltration through a membrane with an exclusion limit of mol.wt. 30000. A greater than 1000-fold purification of the proteolytic activity was achieved by affinity chromatography with soya-bean trypsin inhibitor bound to CM-cellulose. The enzyme preparation hydrolysed p-toluenesulphonyl-l-arginine methyl ester and N-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-tyrosine p-nitrophenyl ester. Its activity was inhibited strongly by soya-bean and ovomucoid trypsin inhibitors, serum and the soluble fraction of muscle homogenates. EDTA, p-chloromercuribenzoate and phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride also caused some inhibition.


Glibenclamide: a review.

Glibenclamide: a review.


Subhuman primates and studies of human development.


Histochemistry of the normal eustachian tube.


Unilateral dominance is not related to neuropsychological integrity.


The distribution of several serological and biochemical traits in East Asia. IV. The distribution of the blood groups in the Taiwanese mountain aborigines.


PMS testimony on Medicare and Medicaid.

PMS testimony on Medicare and Medicaid.


Molecular weight distribution of proteins in rabbit reticulocyte ribosomal subunits.


Comparative DNA-RNA hybridization in differentiated cells.


Immunochemical resemblance between human leukemia and hen egg-ehite lysozyme and their reduced carboxymethyl derivatives.


Posterior ciliary arterial occlusive disorders.


Effector pathways of allergic reactions and their possible therapeutic modifications.


Disodium cromoglycate (Intal) in the treatment of vernal kerato-conjunctivitis.


The aetiology and treatment of marginal corneal ulcers.


The study of the passage of particles through the endothelium of the outflow apparatus of the monkey eye by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.


Oestrogen-induced changes in the genital tract of the male calf.


The respiration of pig heart muscle and skeletal muscle in vitro.


A study on the thyroid iodine content of buffalo.


The ultrastructure of arachnoid cell-clusters and developing arachnoid villi in the monkey, Cercopithecus callitrichus.


The extracellular lining layer of the pulmonary alveolus in mammals including man.


Effects of prostaglandins, LH and polyphloretin phosphate on the lactic acid production of the prepubertal rat ovary.


Myoclonic epilepsies of childhood.

Myoclonic epilepsies of childhood.


Haemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh-isoimmunization: the role of free anti-D antibodies in bilirubin rebound.


Primary immunodeficiencies.

Primary immunodeficiencies. Increased understanding of the nature and variety of immunodeficiency states in man is rapidly accumulating both from studies of human patients and from experimental work on the immune response in animals. Progress is evident in the development of diagnostic tests for deficiencies in both humoral and cellular mechanisms of immunity, and in the introduction of new forms of therapy-for example, the grafting of lymphoid cells. Studies of immunodeficiency provide the most direct evidence concerning the nature of the immune response in man, and hence are of wide general interest. In this paper, current knowledge and concepts are summarized, a logical classification is presented, and recommendations are made for the investigation and treatment of these disorders.


Microbodies and related particles. Morphology, biochemistry, and physiology.


Preliminary observations on Au-anti-Au immune complex research by a modified electrosyneresis method.


State-dependent choice behavior in the Rhesus monkey.


Some considerations of physical and biological factors in radiotherapy with high-LET radiations including heavy particles, pi mesons, and fast neutrons.


Encephalitides, degenerations, and slow and latent viruses.


Problems and progress in viral chemotherapy.


Ternary Fission.

Ternary Fission.


Isolation and characterization of concanavalin A polypeptide chains.


Site of inactivation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone by human plasma.


Binding of nucleotide to cation-free G-action.


Properties of subunits and aggregates of blue-green algal biliproteins.


See-saw winking in a familial oral-facial-digital syndrome.


Investigations on the nature of ceruloplasmin deficiency in the newborn.


Methodological investigations on the in vitro uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamin by human blood platelets.


Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine. "The Japanese Disease" occurring in patients of British descent.


Evaluation of some controller inputs to behavioral temperature regulation.


The evolution of thermoregulatory sweating in man and animals.


Sympathetic control of substrates and thermogenesis during central cooling.


Autoradiographic estimation of competence and the relationship between competence and transformability in cultures of Bacillus subtilis.


Controlled field trial with dried sorbed paratyphoid B and typhoid vaccines. In 1968-70 a field trial was arranged in the USSR to evaluate the effectiveness of dried sorbed paratyphoid B and typhoid vaccines when administered in two doses separated by an interval of 20-30 days.TWO GROUPS OF SCHOOLCHILDREN WERE UNDER OBSERVATION: a group inoculated with paratyphoid B vaccine (75 805 children) and a group inoculated with typhoid vaccine (76 314 children). The persons who were inoculated with the paratyphoid B vaccine formed the control group used in evaluating the effectiveness of the typhoid vaccine, and those inoculated with the typhoid vaccine formed the control group for the evaluation of the paratyphoid vaccine.Two doses of dried sorbed paratyphoid B vaccine made from Salmonella paratyphi B, strain No. 42, containing 5 x 10(8) microbial cells per injection, protected about 70% of those inoculated. Two doses of dried sorbed typhoid vaccine made from S. typhi, strain Ty 2 4446, also with 5 x 10(8) cells per injection, protected about 80% of those inoculated.At least 21 months of protection (the period of observation) were obtained following immunization with dried sorbed preparations made from heat-killed aerated broth cultures.Both types of vaccine produced the same frequency and intensity of general and local reactions; these were moderate. The general and local reactions to a second injection were substantially less marked than those to the first.


Permeability of small vessels in diabetes.


Studies of the transmission of Plasmodium gallinaceum by Anopheles quadrimaculatus infected with a Nosema sp.


Virus-coded antigens in chemically induced leukemia.


Furazolidone in enteric fevers.

Furazolidone in enteric fevers.


Diminished antibiotic sensitivity of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in urban and rural areas in Kenya. A total of 1730 cases of suspected gonorrhea were investigated in 8 urban and rural clinics in Kenya; sensitivity tests were performed in 736 cases.  A majority of the strains had relative resistance to 2 drugs in common use--penicillin and streptomycin.  For tetracycline, a slightly decreased sensitivity was often found and resistance to these antibiotics was usually linked.  It was found that relative resistance to antibiotics is already common in rural areas in which the majority of the African population live, and that resistance to penicillin is even more common in rural areas than towns.  Evidence that this may result from the continuation of inadequate treatment, especially in developing tropical countries was obtained.  Such countries are becoming an immense reservoir of strains with a high level of resistance to penicillin.  Ways of remedying this situation are discussed.  (author's modified)


Total-skin electron treatment of mycosis fungoides.


Effect of EDTA on photosynthesis in Bryophyllum pinnatum.


Antigens of canine prostatic tissue.

Antigens of canine prostatic tissue.


Nitrogen metabolism of Nostoc muscorum & Phormidiu Phormidium fragile.


Procedure for separation of bacterial milk clotting activity from other proteolytic enzymes.


Electrophoretic changes of serum and virus particles type 'C' and 'A' in a plasmyocytoma of Balb-c mice.


Effect of passivie administration of antiblastokinin on blastocyst development and maintenance of pregnancy in rabbits.


A possible case of centric fission in a primate.


Localization of immunoglobulins and lysozyme in sheep lacrimal gland.


Cyclopia in sheep caused by plant teratogens.


Infrahuman altruism.

Infrahuman altruism.


Rectal diverticula.

Rectal diverticula.


The extended mantle field in the radiotherapeutic treatment of malignant lymphoma.


Influence of iron the esterified fatty acid level in the liver.


Clinical pharmacology of locally applied glucocorticoids.


Temporal variation in mitotic index of phytohaemagglutinin stimulated hman lymphocytes.


Preservation of ultrastructure in freeze-stored human normal and leukaemic lymphocytes.


Cytokinetics of bone marrow stroma cells after stimulation by partial depletion of the medullary cavity.


Studies on a fragment of human IgM macroglobulins related to "J chain".


Inhibition of L-alanine-induced germination of Bacillus cereus spores by theophylline.


[Mumps. 1. Study of the application of fluorescent antibody method. (1) Observations on proliferation of the virus. (2) Basic study on determination of fluorescent antibody value].


Gonococcal arthritis.

Gonococcal arthritis.


Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis. Report of sex cases: 1954-1968.


Physiological "ecology" of blood groups.


Secondary immunologic response as a consequence of the in situ freezing of rabbit male adnexal glands tissues of reproduction.


In vitro metabolism of  3 H Chlorpromazine in various mammals: a preliminary report on 13 species.


Cryoproteins in immune complex disease: role of nephrectomy and implications in recurrent glomerulonephritis in human transplants.


The effect of tobacco smoking upon the blood supply of the brain in healthy persons.


Influence of nicotine on the activity of lipoprotein lipase.


On the acute mortal poisoning with rogor in experimental conditions and its chemical determination.


Movement of cytoplasm in plasmodial fragment obtained by caffeine treatment. I. Its Ca ++  sensitivity.


Absorption and excretion of toxic metals.


Association of alpha 1 -antitrypsin deficiency and primary pulmonary emphysema as determined by the method of radial immunoduffusion. A preliminary study.


Reticuloendothelial system cells modifying bacterial antigen specificity.


Histochemical study of a few enzymes in the liver of common squirrel, Funambulus pennanti poisoned with carbon tetrachloride.


Karyometrical and cytochemical studies of Harding-Passey melanoma and Horning-Mitchely kidney tumour. 3. Cytochemistry of some hydrolytic enzymes.


Staining histochemistry of undecalcified tissue sections of the periodontium.


Histochemical observations on the neurosecretory cells of Dysdercus.


Karyometrical and cytochemical studies of Harding-Passey melanoma and Horning-Mitchely kidney tumor. I. Karyometrical studies.


Organization of caged groups of cercopithecus monkeys.


Karyometrical and cytochemical studies of Harding-Passey melanoma and Horning-Mitchely kidney tumor. II. Cytochemistry of nucleic acids and proteins.


Changes in cellular adhesiveness during the development of the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum.


Some teratogenic effects of vinblastine on the external morphology of Drosophila melanogaster.


Production of cobalamin (vit. B 12 ) by Streptomyces aureofaciens.


The antifungal antibiotic (AYE) produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens.


Heterotrophy and nitrogen fixation in several blue-green algae from soil.


Variation in whole-blood and plasma viscosity in acidotic diabetics.


Resistance to home dialysis.

Resistance to home dialysis.


Some morphological evidence of the functional adaptation of microcirculation.


The control of corneal graft reaction by topical application of antimitotic agents (thio-tepa and colchicine).


Variation for metrical characters in Drosophila populations. II. Natural selection.


Natural selection for a metrical trait in a population of Drosophila melanogaster.


Antagonistic effects of histamine and betahistine on the vasoconstrictor actions of catecholamines in mesentery microvessels.


Variation for metrical characters in Drosophila populations. I. Genetic analysis.


In vitro behavior of macrophages from healthy persons against M. leprae and other mycobacteria.


Differential diagnosis of leprosy.

Differential diagnosis of leprosy.


New results in te chemotherapy of mycobacterioses.


Isolation of the virus of transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) from naturally infected piglets in cell culture.


The synthesis and the role of NDV-neuraminidase.


A health survey on the aged with a 5-year follow-up.


Effects of drug-drug and drug-food interaction on drug levels and performance in man.


The outgrowing bacterial endospore as a system for the study of cellular differentiation.


The concentration of fructose, glucose and lactate in the splanchnic blood vessels of rats absorbing fructose.


Some effects of non-reinforcement in split-brain monkeys.


Reversal behavior in split-brain monkeys.


Topical acetylcholine applications: electrocortical-behavioral correlations.


Reovirus antibodies in Uganda monkeys.

Reovirus antibodies in Uganda monkeys.


Impairment in sampling visual stimuli in monkeys with inferotemporal lesions.


Protein and RNA synthesis during protozoan habituation after loss of macronuclei and cytoplasm.


Treatment of children in an asthma centre with disodium cromoqlycate. Double-blind crossover trial.


An immunological study of the neurospora am mutants using antibodies prepared against glutamate dehydrogenase subunits.


Spontaneous partial reactivation of chelated placental alkaline phosphatase in the absence of zinc.


Effects of organochlorine insecticides on bacterial growth, respiration and viability.


Disodium cromoglycate in childhood asthma.


Repair of wall damage in Escherichia coli recovered from an aerosol.


EEG discriminators of delayed matching to sample perforance in Macaca nemestrina.


The Wechsler intelligence scale in the diagnosis of central nervous diseases in children.


Attempts to detect the presence of teichoic acid in Bacillus anthracis.


Experimental model for the study of tissue histaminase activity after in vitro injury.


Serological diagnosis of Yersinia enterocolitica.


Patterns of eating and drinking in socially-isolated rhesus monkeys.


Interaction of cytochrome P-450 with antibodies raised against a solubilized P-450 preparation from hepatic microsomes.


Hyperbaric gas effects on critical flicker frequency in the rhesus monkey.


The sexual clasp as a reticularly controlled behavior in the toad, Bufo arenarum Hensel.


Visual discrimination in hemicerebrectomized monkeys.


On the need to modernize Rh nomenclature.


Hand and eye preference in unilaterally brain ablated monkeys.


Ascending brain stem projections of the anteroventral cochlear nucleus in the rhesus monkey.


Production of depressive behaviors in young monkeys.


Abnormal adaptation of human cochlear nerve action potential responses: clinical observations by non-surgical recording.


The fitness of CyL and freckled (Frd) mutants of Drosophila melanogaster.


Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in monkeys and its transmission to man.


Learning on somesthetic discrimination and reversal tasks by monkeys with epileptogenic implants in anteromedial temporal cortex.


Alteration in nonverbal short term memory with stimulation in the region of the mammillothalamic tract in man.


Delayed response by frontal monkeys in the Nencki testing situation.


Carbonic anhydrase activity in cord blood from infants of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers.


Observations on infants of mothers with antibodies to  -globulin.


Impairment of tactile discrimination performance in monkeys with tectal damage.


Eye orientation during visual discrimination learning by monkeys.


Serotyping of fresh and-or dried soybean root-nodules.


The fermentation production of kanamycin by Streptomyces canus.


Histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the human liver during complete intravenous nutrition for seven months.


Internal fistulae producing a "double stomach" after major gastrointestinal surgery. Report of a case.


Experimentally induced gastric lesions. Results and implications of studies in animals.


Mucopolysaccharidosis IV (Morquiös disease) in a twenty-months old child.


Rhesus iso-immunization with a complex maternal syndrome. A case report of a patient with hydrops foetalis, pregnancy, toxaemia, large placenta and bilateral theca-lutein cysts with torsion of one ovary.


A phosphoglucomutase locus in Drosophila melanogaster.


Interchromosomal effects of deficiencies on crossing-over in Drosophila melanogaster.


Variation in persistency of a lethal mutant in populations of Drosophila melanogaster.


Feeding behavior of monkeys: glucose utilization rate and site of glucose entry.


Basal ganglia unitary activity during a motor performance in monkeys.


The nature and determinants of adjunctive behavior.


The isolation and DNA-RNA hybridization of messenger RNA for globin.


Lipid metabolism and trauma. IV. Effect of treatment with intravenous fat emulsion on plasma lipids, proteins and clinical condition of burned patients.


Effect of tropomyosin on the aggregation of myosin.


Location of prolactin activity in the polyacrylamide gel electrophoretograms prepared from the adenohypophyses of some species.


Abnormal distribution of ABO blood groups in infantile pyloric stenosis.


Spreading depression in squirrel monkey lissencephalic cortex.


Tests with Drosophila melanogaster on somatic resistance to x-ray irradiation.


Lack of detectable interaction between the Curly inversions and direction of pairing in the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster.


Microradiography of dental tissues with special reference to the periodontium.


Combined electrophoretic and immunological methods in the study of human amylases.


A specific nutritional requirement for pyrimidines in rudimentary mutants of Drosophila melanogaster.


Quantitative and qualitative aspects of radiobiology and their significance in radiation therapy.


The chromosomes of the Cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis).


Displacements of rectal temperature modify behavioral thermoregulation.


Alcohol effects on delayed matching to sample performance by rhesus monkey.


Serological diagnosis of human influenza infections by immunoprecipitin techniques. In immunodiffusion tests employing disrupted influenza virus (A2/Hong King/68, X-31 strain) as antigen, precipitin lines corresponding to three virus antigens can be distinguished-namely, the ribonucleoprotein, the haemagglutinin, and the neuraminidase. In the present study a comparison was made of such immunodiffusion tests and conventional diagnostic methods (complement-fixation and haemagglutination-inhibition tests) for serological diagnosis of A2/Hong Kong/68 infections in man. Precipitin tests in which the acquisition or reinforcement of precipitins for A2/Hong Kong/68 virus were detected, were found to be as sensitive as conventional methods for the serological diagnosis of influenza. In convalescent human sera precipitin lines corresponding to influenza A ribonucleoprotein were frequently detected, lines corresponding to A2 neuraminidase were less frequent, and those corresponding to haemagglutinin were least frequent. Precipitin tests had considerable advantages over other methods of serological diagnosis of influenza. They were rapid and simple to perform and were not susceptible to the effects of nonspecific reactions. In addition the antibody response to each of three antigens of the influenza virus could be detected in a single test system.


Preliminary studies on the development of a gonococcal vaccine.


A possible mechanism for the pathogenic action of monosodium glutamate.


The renal pharmacology of metolazone, 2-methyl-3-O-tolyl-6-sulfamyl-7-chloro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-quinazolinone.


Susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to colistin combined with carbenicillin or sulfamethoxazole.


Ethology and psychiatry.

Ethology and psychiatry.


Serum concentrations of diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin) and phenobarbital and their relation to therapeutic and toxic effects.


Long-term effects of haloperidol on severely emotionally disturbed children.


Present status of endod as a molluscicide for the control of schistosomiasis.


Studies on inherited antigenic variation of human serum  -lipoprotein by passive hemagglutination. V. Studies on a non-precipitating antiserum.


Isozyme variations in human cells grown in vitro. VI. Further data on the amino acid naphthylamidase isozymes.


Immunoglobulins and parasitic infections. I. Levels of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD in different protozoal and helminthic infections in man.


The susceptibility of lambs for the experimental infection with Rickettsia prowazeki.


Flagellar antigen of Vibrio alginolyticus.


An improved method for purification of megacin A inhibitor.


A study of the structure of human  M-globulin subunits by maleation.


Reversible dissociation of reduced subunits of human  M-globulins ino 5 S component.


Naphthylamidase substrate--impregnated strips for identification of mycobacteria.


Immunoglobulins and parasitic infections. II. Significance of raised IgE levels in different protozoal and helminthic infections.


Some considerations on classification of Mycobacteria. Definition of bacterial species by introduction of the concept of "hypothetical median or mean organism".


Systemic chemotherapy in mice experimentally infected with Mycobacterium marinum.


Hypothermia in a tropical winter climate.


Histoenzymorphology of beta-glucurondise in spermatogenetic epithelium, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells of frog testes in seasonal breeding-hibernation cycle.


Histoenzymorphology of  -glucuronidase in the ovary of frog, Rana tigrana, during seasonal breeding-hibernation cycle.


Histoenzymorphology of  -glucuronidase in the resorbing tails of tadpoles of Rana tigrina at metamorphosis.


Effect of thyroxine and thiourea on the alkaline and acid phosphatase activity in liver of tadpoles at various stages of development of larval life.


Effects of glycerol trinitrate, mannitol hexanitrate and erythritol tetranitrate on electron transport and phosphorylation in liver mitochondria.


Effect of chlorpromazine on cell wall biosynthesis and incorporation of orotic acid into nucleic acids in Bacillus megaterium.


Specific therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.


Seminars on diabetes. 3. Control of an ambulatory diabetic patient.


Carbenicillin and gentamicin in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. The administration separately and sequentially of carbenicillin and gentamicin eradicated Ps. aeruginosa infections, during the period over which they were given, in all of 25 critically ill patients. Electron microscopy revealed differences in the action of these two antibiotics against Ps. aeruginosa in vitro. Culture studies showed synergism between them and destruction by gentamicin of the carbenicillin-induced long, filamentous form of the organism.


The effect of 2,3-dimercaptopropanol on the melanocyte of Rana nigromaculata.


Waldenstrom's macroglobulinaemia--a case report with autopsy findings.


Study of tuberculous lymphadenitis.

Study of tuberculous lymphadenitis.


Essential isochronic epilepsy in MZ twin pairs.


Chronology of the gene.

Chronology of the gene.


Platelet aggregation in physiological systems.


Some evidence that ADP is not the only agent responsible for collagen-induced aggregation.


The effect of the pyrimidopyrimidine RA 233 on function and metabolism of human platelets.


Effect of dextrans on platelet function.


Light scattering and platelet aggregation.


Clinical study of the efficiency and safety of Carnation Slender for weight reduction.


An evaluation of tofenacine (elamol), a new drug for the treatment of depression.


Cardiac pacing by means of an attached endocardial electrode: a case report.


The use of an appetite suppressant (diethylpropion hydrochloride) during pregnancy.


The function and processing of auditory information in the courtship behaviour of Drosophila melanogaster.


Umbilico-placental antigens and malignant neoplasms.


Major health problems in the practice of medicine in developing countries.


The effect of external hydrogen ions on the compartmentation of isolated liver mitochondria.


Isolation and characterization of IgM from bovine colostral whey.


Salivary immunoglobulins in periodontal disease.


Cataract in leprosy: a biochemical approach.


Characterization of two sucrase activities in Bacillus subtilis Marburg.


Separation of components of the phosphoenolpyruvate-glucose phosphotransferase system from Bacillus subtilis Marburg.


Rifampicin in the treatment of previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis.


Methods and difficulties of the resistance test with rifampicin.


Long-term results with rifampicin together with ethambutol and-or other drugs in the treatment of tuberculosis with cultures resistant to the standard drugs.


Results of rifampicin in 25 treated patients.


Studies on cerebral lipidosis. Prenatal diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease.


A case of rickets due to external biliary fistula--study on vitamin D effect upon Ca absorption and retention.


Membrane peroxidation and vitamin E.

Membrane peroxidation and vitamin E.


Analysis of 80 cases of childhood asthma provoked by mold allergens.


Present status of prostaglandins in fertility control.


Studies on the transport of  -methyl-D-glucoside in Bacillus subtilis 168.


Formation and decay of polyribosomes and ribosomes during the inhibition of protein synthesis and recovery.


Antibodies in infections caused by Rickettsia prowazeki.


Complement-fixing antibodies for R. prowazeki in domestic animals sera collected in typhus fever endemic areas in the SR of Serbia.


An isolated case of severe Salmonella infection.


Cross-modal transfer and sensory equivalence. A review.


A comparison of children with cleft palate and their siblings on projective test personality factors.


The use of ethylene maleic anhydride for the preparation of versatile immunosorbents.


Sensitisation of sheep erythrocytes by cell wall teichoic acid of Staphylococcus aureus.


Hyperosmolar non-ketonic diabetic coma.

Hyperosmolar non-ketonic diabetic coma.


Multiple M-components in a single individual. II. Studies on urinary Fab   like fragments in macroglobulinemia.


Polysaccharides elaborated by Fomes annosus (Fr.) Cooke. II. Neutral polysaccharides from the fruit bodies. Isolation and purification of a fucoxylomannan by precipitation with the H-agglutinin from eel-serum.


Tuberculosis Surveillance Research Unit Report No. 1: the transmission of tubercle bacilli; its trend in a human population.


International Union Against Tuberculosis, Committee on Bacteriology and Immunology.


A comparison of regimens of ethionamide, pyrazinamide and cycloserine in re-treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.


Parameters of serum binding of thyroxine in hypo-, hyper- and euthyroidism and their application to the control of therapy.


Quantitative determination of human carbonic anhydrase B isozyme.


A comparative study on the incidence of thyroid autoantibodies in thyrotoxic and in non-goitrous individuals.


Treatment of malignant melanomas of the skin.


Indications and interpretation of newer tests of thyroid function.


Mycotoxins. Preparation of  14 C- and  3 H-labeled aflatoxins.


A review of collaborative studies of the microslide gel diffusion test for the detection of serologically identifiable staphylococcal enterotoxins.


Colorimetric determination of carbaryl in apple, lettuce, chard, and tomato.


Colorimetric determination of carbaryl residues in field-treated corn.


Immunodiffusion technique for the identification of animal species.


IUPAC Commission on the development, improvement, and standardization of methods of pesticide residue analysis.


Industrial chemicals. Separation of three chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins from some polychlorinated biphenyls by chromatography on an aluminum oxide column.


Thin layer chromatographic separation of two chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins from some polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides.


Composition of the protective antigen from the slime layer of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Modern concepts of hydrocephalus.

Modern concepts of hydrocephalus.


The fine structure of the primate arachnoid villus under normal and experimental conditions.


Marine toxins.

Marine toxins.


Circadian chronopharmacology.

Circadian chronopharmacology.


Protein turnover and protein synthesis following actinomycin-D injection as a function of age in Drosophila melanogaster.


Effect of aflatoxin B 1  on development of drosophila melanogaster (Diptera).


Nucleic acids in intestine of Apis mellifica infected with Nosema apis and treated with fumagillin DCH: cytochemical and autoradiographic studies.


Disc electrophoretic and serological studies of the capsule proteins obtained from two strains of a granulosis virus of the armyworm, Pseudaletia unipuncta.


Recent histologic and electron microscopic findings in extraocular muscle.


Prevention of corneal ulcers.

Prevention of corneal ulcers.


Nutritional therapy in surgery and trauma. Metabolic consequences of nutritional restriction and stress.


Measurement of  208 Tl distribution in vivo in persons with internal contamination by thorotrast.


Treatment of status epilepticus with a new benzodiazepine more active than diazepam.


A comparative tele-EEG study of adolescent and adult epileptics.


Central nervous control of cardiac activity. II.


The vitamin K derivatives of some skin-mucins. IV. Source and epidermal alternative.


Epilepsia partialis continua.

Epilepsia partialis continua.


Investigation of plasma histaminase activity in wound healing.


Cerebral metabolism during induced seizures in man and animals.


Preliminary studies of the effectiveness of a patient isolation unit and of prophylactic antibiotics in therapy of acute leukemia.


Studies on muscle differentiation. IV. Electrophoretic and immunochemical analyses of tropomyosin from adult and embryonic skeletal muscles.


Procaryotic cell division with respect to wall and membranes.


Cultivability in vitro of Cercopithecus aethiops renal cells. Attempts at obtaining cell lines.


Comparative investigations on some methods for detecting Australia antigen.


Study of the biologic characters of some influenza viruses by genetic markers.


Comparative study of electrophoresis and double diffusion in agarose gel for the detection of Australia antigen.


Conditions for the establishment of dispersed cell culture of intracranial tumors.


Mustard gas keratopathy.

Mustard gas keratopathy.


Nonodontogenic neoplasms, cysts, and allied conditions of the jaws.


Cancrum oris.

Cancrum oris.


Diseases of oysters.

Diseases of oysters.


The pathogenicity of soil amebas.

The pathogenicity of soil amebas.


Biology of the large amoebae.

Biology of the large amoebae.


Destruction of virus-infected cells by immunological mechanisms.


Phylogeny and function of the complement system.


Stomach microbiology of primates.

Stomach microbiology of primates.


Emerging diseases of man and animals.

Emerging diseases of man and animals.


Reviews of the progress of dairy science. Section B. The survival of pathogens in cheese and milk powder.


Reviews of the progress of dairy science. Section A. Physiology. Hormonal control of lactogenesis.


Tonic vibration reflex in human and monkey subjects.


A neurophysiological study on the taste of cupric ions.


The presence of Australia antigen in the serum of acute viral hepatitis contacts: the incidence of Australia antigen and homologous antibodies in an epidemic focus of acute viral hepatitis.


Investigations on the presence of Australia antigen in hepatitis contacts.


The incidence of Australia antigen among the population of Bucharest.


Rifampin in association with isoniazid, streptomycin, and ethambutol, respectively, in the initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.


Cooperative field test of drug-impregnated discs for susceptibility testing of mycobacteria.


Some epidemiologic problems of human listeriosis in Hungary.


Irreversible adsorption of exopenicillinase on Bacillus cereus 569 cells.


Phage typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Hungary.


Bacterial cardiolipins and their serological activity.


Serological grouping of Pseudomonas typing phages.


Red cell carbonic anhydrase polymorphism of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.).


Comparative histochemical study of the amygdaloid complex.


Physiology of heterocyst production in the blue-gree alga Anabaena doliolum. I. Nitrate and light controls.


Physiology of heterocyst production in the blue-green alga Anabaena doliolum. II. Effects of ultraviolet light.


Ultrastructural alterations in the seminiferous epithelium of immobilized monkeys.


Platinum sensitivity: treatment by specific hyposensitization.


Histaminase and histamine in normal and toxaemic pregnancy.


Pharmacological studies of 5-methyl-8-ethyl-sulfonyl-10-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5H-dibenzo (B,E) (1,4) diazepine-11 (10)-one (SM-307), an antidepressive substance.


Effects of Na + , K + , and ouabain on microphonic potentials of the goldfish inner ear.


Observations on the pathogenesis of bovine and antelope strains of Besnoitia besnoiti (Marotel, 1912) infection in cattle and rabbits.


Further observations on the ultrastructure of ephemeral fever virus.


Plaque formation by African horsesickness virus and characterization of its RNA.


Relationship of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis protoplasmic toxins to the exotoxin.


Cytauxzoonosis in a giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis (Linnaeus, 1758)) in Zululand.


The antigenicity of E. coli-asparaginase.


L-asparaginase in the treatment of neoplastic diseases of the dog, cat and cow.


Fluorescent antibody studies on ephemeral fever virus.


Antigenic relationship of Brucella ovis to Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis using the complement fixation test.


Morphological variation in ephemeral fever virus strains.


Antiphagocytic activity of Staphylococcus aureus antigens.


The characteristics of "Brucella ovis" (New Zealand).


The staphylococcal clumping test in the diagnosis of the intravascular coagulation. Preliminary note.


The role of the sympathetic nervous system in cerebral blood flow autoregulation.


Autoregulation of spinal cord blood flow.


The use of immunosuppressive agents in peripheral nerve homograft surgery: an experimental study.


Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: clinical and aetiological aspects.


Cerebral blood flow autoregulation and graded hypercapnia.


Measure of regional cerebral blood volume in vivo by means of excited fluorescent x-radiation, and factors affecting this parameter.


A difference in the behavior of erythrocytes and plasma observed in the cerebral microcirculation following alterations of blood or plasma viscosity.


A pathophysiological approach to the altered CO 2  effect on cerebral blood flow in post-acute ischaemia in man.


The clinical evaluation of an oral antidiabetic drug.


The pharmacology and metabolism of oral antidiabetic drugs.


Clinical experiences in oral antidiabetic therapy with sulphonylureas and biguanides.


Glibenclamide (HB 419, Daonil) in the clinical practice of diabetes.


Effect of carotid artery ligation on the CO 2  response in the baboon.


Glibenclamide--experience at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital 1967-70.


Reactivity of cerebral vessels to CO 2  in the newborn rhesus monkey.


Cerebral ATP and lactate levels with electrocorticogram correlation before, during, and after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the squirrel monkey.


Clinical studies with glibenclamide at the Prince of Wales Hospital, New South Wales.


Symposium on diabetes mellitus and oral hypoglycaemic drugs. Summary.


Tapinoma melanocephalum as an inhibitor of Rhodnius prolixus populations.


DNA synthesis.

DNA synthesis.


Quantitative profile scanning for the measurement of organ radioactivity.


Physicians and long-term care facilities.


Isoniazid induced life-threatening neurologic reaction in an allergic individual.


Biliary transport of demethylchlortetracycline.


Socio-economics of the family with multiple allergic children.


Oleomargarines.

Oleomargarines.


Chlordiazepoxide metabolism as related to the reduction in the aggressive behaviour of cynomolgus primates.


Bacterial autogenous vaccines: preparation and identification of micro-organisms.


Enhancement and inhibition of drug metabolism.


Effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) on the eggshells of Ring doves.


Pesticide effect on growth and  14 C assimilation in a freshwater alga.


Effects of PCB administration on microsomal enzyme activity in pregnant rabbits.


Chronic toxicity, uptake, and retention of Aroclor 1254 in two estuarine fishes.


Polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1242): effects of uptake on growth, nucleic acids, and chlorophyll of a marine diatom.


Metabolism of a polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254) mixture in the rat.


Polychlorinated biphenyls: synthesis of some individual chlorobiphenyls.


Retention times and electron-capture detector responses of some individual chlorobiphenyls.


The toxicity of four insecticides to four salmonid species.


Thin-layer chromatography of polychlorinated biphenyls.


A method for the quantitation of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) isomers.


DDT uptake and growth of Euglena gracilis.


Input of polychlorinated biphenyls into California coastal waters from urban sewage outfalls.


Studies on the structure and distribution of immunoglobulin A-containing cells in the gut of the pig.


Aflatoxin formation in sterilized feedlot manure and fate during simulated water treatment procedures.


Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in some freshwater and marine fishes.


A note on serum nucleotidase determinations.


Bioconcentration and biotransfer of aflatoxin.


An epizootic of tuberculosis in a municipal zoo: a public health problem.


Growth response of blue-green algae to aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and their metabolites.


Silo sealents as a source of polychlorobiphenyl (PCB) contamination of animal feed.


Absence of polychlorinated biphenyls in human milk and serum from Texas and human milk from New Guinea.


Biological effects in animals chronically exposed to lead chlorobromide atmospheres.


Effect of dieldrin on egg hatchability, chick survival and eggshell thickness in purple and common gallinules.


Chemotherapy of equine babesiosis.

Chemotherapy of equine babesiosis.


Hydatid disease in a macaque.

Hydatid disease in a macaque.


Parasitic diseases of reptiles.

Parasitic diseases of reptiles.


Synthesis of a biologically active gougerotin analog.


Symmetrical Boc-amino acid anhydrides for economical peptide syntheses on a solid phase.


Nuclear medicine. Scope of nuclear medicine.


Stereospecific synthesis of optically pure quinic acid and shikimic acid from D-arabinose.


Purification and specificity of a lytic enzyme isolated from B. cereus.


An experimental basis for serological diagnosis of tuberculosis using mycobacterial phospholipid antigens.


An attempt at identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. hominis by gas chromatographic analysis of the esters of nicotinic acid.


Mode of action of antituberculous agents and ultrastructure of mycobacteria.


Antigenicity of 7, 12-dimethylbenz- -anthracene induced rat mammary tumours in cell culture.


Immunological mechanisms in asthma.

Immunological mechanisms in asthma.


Free and conjugated folates in the livers of kittens.


Effects of dietary carbohydrate on lipid metabolism in primates.


Atypical band keratopathy in glaucoma patients.


Anthrax.

Anthrax.


Ocular tissue cholinesterases kinetics of enzyme activity and inhibition.


Human thyrotrophin radioimmunoassay: technical problems and clinical application.


Methods for the production of antibodies against low-molecular proteohormones.


HL-A antibodies: influence on the human foetus.


Timely topics of microbiology: nonfastidious gram negative rods: non-enterobacteriaceae, 1968-1971.


Serum complement (C3) in leprosy.

Serum complement (C3) in leprosy.


On the myogenic nature of the autoregulatory mechanism in the cerebral circulation.


Cerebral metabolism in diabetic ketoacidosis.


Demonstration of the subunit structure of human placental alkaline phosphatase by isoelectric focusing.


The role of the cerebral peduncle in movements.


Local immunity to cholera.

Local immunity to cholera.


The spiny neurons in the primate striatum: a Golgi and electron microscopic study.


Human and animal ecological concepts behind the distribution, behaviour and control of yellow fever.


Iron absorption and excretion in experimental iron deficiency.


Detection of AU-SH carriers in a blood donor population. Results by immunodiffusion, electrosyneresis and complement fixation test.


Aspects of the structural and functional organization of the neocortex.


Some aspects of chemical mutagenesis in man and in Drosophila.


Inter-oculo-irido-auditory dysplasia. (Waardenburg, van der Hoeve, Halberstsma syndrome).


Chiasmal syndrome as a manifestation of intra-cranial neurofibromatosis.


Hypertelorism.

Hypertelorism.


Stability and variability of karyotype in continually cultivated sublines of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic cells.


Activity of a sex-linked gene in Drosophila melanogaster embryonic cell sublines.


Comparison of the antigen composition of oocytes and mature eggs of the frog Rana temporaria by the immunodiffusion method.


Adaptation of crisis intervention group to navy outpatient psychiatric clinic population.


Success is predictable.

Success is predictable.


A study of suicidal behavior in the military setting.


Management of maxillofacial injuries: medical viewpoint.


Inside-out and bottom-up: the management of maxillofacial trauma patients.


Model of the organization of DNA in the chromosomes of higher organisms (phylo- and ontogenetic aspects).


Bone graft rehabilitation of maxillofacial battle casualties.


Effect of antibiotics and chemical adhesives on infected wounds.


Viral hepatitis: recent experience at Brooke General Hospital.


Inheritance of changes in expressivity of eyeless Drosophila melanogaster mutation caused by temperature effects in critical periods of ontogenesis.


Postnasal balloon for hemorrhage control.


Foveomacular retinitis.

Foveomacular retinitis.


Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy: a review and case report.


Intrapericardial teratoma: a case report.


Atrio-esophageal fistula secondary to gunshot wound of the chest.


The military and the civilian psychiatrist--United States and Swiss.


Categorization of hospitals.

Categorization of hospitals.


Roentgenological manifestations of complications of penetrating missile wounds of the chest.


Clinical research in a teaching hospital.


The psychological death of a dictator.

The psychological death of a dictator.


Field report on marine psychiatric casualties in Vietnam.


Effect of vancomycin, streptomycin and tetracycline pulsating jet lavage on contaminated wounds.


Corrosive adulterants as booby traps.

Corrosive adulterants as booby traps.


Prevention of pulmonary embolism.

Prevention of pulmonary embolism.


Prophylaxis of malaria in man using the sulfones DFD and DDS alone and with chloroquine.


Deaths following operation for duodenal ulcer.


Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.


Cytogenetic evaluation: luxury or necessity?


Cargo coding developments in military blood bank logistics.


Drug abuse.

Drug abuse.


Characteristics of complement-dependent release of phospholipid from Escherichia coli. The release of (32)P-labeled bacterial phospholipid from a smooth Escherichia coli by serum components depends on complement activated by antibody. Phospholipid release in excess antibody tends to be proportional to the concentration of complement as does the release of other cellular constituents. Phospholipids are not simply stripped off during cell lysis. Whereas 94% of the total phospholipid freed from E. coli by mechanical lysis sediments at centrifugal forces sufficient to sediment molecules of 10(6) molecular weight, similar centrifugation sediments only 50% of the phospholipid released by antibody-complement. In fact, after mechanical lysis more than 50% of the phospholipid sediments at velocities sufficient to bring down cell envelopes. Although the bulk of the bacterial phospholipid is located in the cell envelopes, isolated (32)P-labeled cell envelopes and phenol-extracted lipopolysaccharide fails to release phospholipids in the presence of antibody-complement. Moreover, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, which like antibody-complement causes loss of cellular selective permeability and prepares E. coli cell walls for the action of lysozyme, releases only small amounts of phospholipid from E. coli and these are sedimentable. The most likely mechanism of phospholipid release caused by antibody-complement appears to be the activation directly or indirectly of an enzyme which is present only in the intact cells.


Some physical properties of K antigens of Escherichia coli related to their biological activity. The ability of K antigens from Escherichia coli to inhibit the agglutination of sheep red cells by rabbit antibody has been taken as a measure of the ability of such antigens to render strains of E. coli O-inagglutinable, resistant to complement and to phagocytosis, and to increase their virulence for mice. Analysis of K antigens by chromatography on Sepharose and diethylaminoethyl cellulose columns and by immunoelectrophoresis suggested that agglutination-inhibiting activity was directly related to molecular size rather than charge. The effect of alkali treatment showed inhibitory activity to be independent of K-specific antigenic determinants and confirmed its relation to molecular weight.


L-forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

L-forms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. L-forms of a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were produced by serial subculture of the bacterial form on agar medium containing sucrose as an osmotic stabilizer and carbenicillin. L-forms eventually became stable, i.e., would not revert in the absence of antibiotic, and were adapted to grow well in broth with the osmotic stabilizer. Gross morphology and light microscopic colony morphology were typical of an L-form. L-form cells were approximately spherical and bounded in part by a plasma membrane; they lacked the triple-layer cell wall structure and coarse, electron-dense nucleoidal granules of the parent bacterial form. The L-form, but not the bacterial form, contained cores, organelles previously reported only in group D streptococci. Antibiotic disc-sensitivity studies showed the stable L-form to be as sensitive as, or more sensitive than, the bacterial form to most antibiotics. Exceptions were polymyxin B, colimycin sulfate, and gentamicin, which were more active against the bacterial form. The remainder of the aminoglycosides and cell wall-active antibiotics showed no inhibition of either form. The L-form was more susceptible to cidal activity of normal human serum than the parent form. The L-form exhibited fewer biochemical activities than the parent bacteria or bacterial forms derived by reversion at a time when the L-form was still unstable. L-form colonies appeared colorless, and chemical analysis demonstrated that, if the L-form produces pigment at all, which was not demonstrated, it could not have been more than 3.6% of that produced by the bacterial form.


Cross-protective antigens of group A streptococci types 3 and 31 and types 46 and 51. Reciprocal cross-protective antigens have been demonstrated between types 3 and 31 cocci, and one-way cross-protective antigens have been demonstrated between types 46 and 51 cocci. The reciprocal cross-protective antigen of types 3 and 31 is distinct from the specific M protein of either type. In the one-way cross relationship, type 46 cocci contain both type 46 and type 51 M proteins and therefore stimulate protective antibodies against both types. Type 51 cultures contain only the homologous M antigen. These relationships were demonstrated by capillary precipitin tests, indirect bactericidal tests, and in agar-gel diffusion patterns. The practical significance of these relationships in the serological typing of group A streptococci is discussed along with their possible role in immunity to streptococcal infections in man.


Determination of the helical parameters of biological objects.


Production of extracellular enzymes and enterotoxins A, B, and C by Staphylococcus aureus. Eighty-seven strains of Staphylococcus aureus were examined for their ability to produce enterotoxins A, B, and C, deoxyribonuclease, lysozyme, proteinase, lipase, and alpha-, beta-, and delta-hemolysins. Enterotoxigenic strains showed a significant tendency to be high lipase producers, but none of the other enzymes formed were correlated with the ability of the staphylococci to produce enterotoxins A, B, or C. The conversion of ent(-) to ent(+) strains by lysogenization did not affect significantly the ability of the strains to produce any of the above extracellular enzymes. The formation of enzymes such as deoxyribonuclease and lysozyme by staphylococci is not therefore an indication, necessarily, of their potential enterotoxigenicity.


The effects of denaturing agents on the spectral properties of phycocyanin.


Characterization of antigens from the yeast phase of Histoplasma capsulatum. Preliminary studies established methods for obtaining maximum yields of viable cells. Liquid shaken cultures of Histoplasma capsulatum provided a maximum of 4 x 10(8) to 5 x 10(8) cells/ml regardless of the inoculum size. Under optimum conditions, cells were viable (90 to 95%) for 168 to 240 hr. Generation times ranged from 7.52 to 8.36 hr. Immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, and ultracentrifugation studies on phenol and ethylenediamine extracts of intact cells and cell walls revealed the presence of two components in the ethylenediamine extracts and three in the phenol preparations. The ethylenediamine extracts from intact cells and cell walls seemed to be identical although one of the components was more abundant in cell walls. Mice injected intraperitoneally with intact cells or cell walls were protected against intravenous challenge with H. capsulatum. Among the extracts, the water-soluble ethylenediamine extract from cell walls was most immunogenic. The other extracts gave only a light protection or none at all. Intact cells and cell walls were slightly toxic to mice. Two of the extracts were toxic when incorporated into Freund's complete adjuvant.


Employment of tuberculostasis in serum-agar medium for the study of production and activity of Mycobactin. Mycobactin (M), an iron-chelating product of tubercle bacilli, neutralized serum tuberculostasis by removing growth-essential iron from transferrin (Tr) and supplying the metal to the bacteria. The competition for iron between Tr and M has been demonstrated by the agar-plate diffusion test. This test is suitable not only for the study of Tr-iron-M interplay but also for the evaluation of serum tuberculostasis. Extremely poor solubility of M in water and consequently its association with lipoidal cell wall of tubercle bacillus was overcome by the use of water-dispersible and surface-active Tween 80. The addition of Tween 80 to culture media insured the presence of M in spent media; otherwise M was extracted from bacillary cells with a solution of Tween 80 or a mixture of ethanol and Tween 80. Although M was produced irrespective of the amount of iron present in culture medium, its production in iron-poor medium was more prolific than in iron-rich medium. M extracted from BCG or H(37)Rv cells neutralized serum tuberculostasis as effectively for the homologous as for heterologous strains. However, the extract of virulent bacilli was much more active in the neutralization than similar extract prepared from attenuated cells; whether this difference is of quantitative or qualitative nature remains to be determined.


Cytochemical and immunofluorescence study of an oncogenic avian adenovirus (CELO) in mammalian cell cultures. Chicken embryo lethal orphan (CELO) virus replication studies in adult hamster kidney and green monkey kidney cell cultures by means of infectivity, cytochemistry, and fluorescent-antibody techniques indicated that replication in hamster kidney cells was limited to the production of neoantigen. Production of virus in green monkey kidney cells was limited but appeared to exceed the production of virus in hamster kidney cells. The data indicated that the replication cycle of CELO virus is abortive in hamster kidney and green monkey kidney cells.


Rapid detection and quantitative estimation of type A botulinum toxin by electroimmunodiffusion. An experimental system is described for the detection and quantitative estimation of type A botulinum toxin by electroimmunodiffusion. The method is shown to be rapid, specific, and quantitative. As little as 14 mouse LD(50) per 0.1 ml of type A toxin was detected within 2 hr. When applied to experimentally contaminated foods such as canned tuna, pumpkin, spinach, green beans, and sausage, the technique detected botulinum toxin rapidly and identified it as to type and quantity. A specific rabbit type A antitoxin was produced for this in vitro system since the equine antitoxin (Center for Disease Control) tested in this experiment was found to be unsuitable.


Hemagglutinin from the L phase of Neisseria meningitidis group B, with observations on a serum inhibitor. A hemagglutinin extracted from the L-phase of Neisseria meningitidis group B directly agglutinated rabbit and rooster erythrocytes but did not react with human, sheep, or guinea pig erythrocytes. Virtually all animal, chicken, and human sera tested showed inhibitory titers. In a significant number of Navy recruits, who became carriers of N. meningitidis, the titer of serum inhibitor began to decline 2 weeks before the bacterial infection was first detected. Titers of this serum inhibitor ranged from 256 to 4,096 in patients with meningitis. The hemagglutinin failed to boost the preexisting titers of serum inhibitor when injected into animals, although roosters showed a minimal but transitory response.


Differential action of a streptococcal bacteriocin on mycoplasmas and microbial L-forms. Bacteriocin activity of Streptococcus faecalis var. zymogenes was tested against a variety of bacteria, L-forms, and mycoplasmas. Both a partially purified liquid preparation and a colony overlay technique were used. Other S. faecalis strains were the only bacteria whose growth was inhibited. The liquid preparation inhibited growth of all but three of the tested L-forms (whether derived from gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria), and two of these exceptional organisms were inhibited when the colony overlay technique was employed. On the other hand, the L-form of Streptobacillus moniliformis and all 33 tested mycoplasmas grew readily in the presence of the bacteriocin when either method was employed. It is suggested that the presence of cholesterol in the Streptobacillus and mycoplasmal membranes, unique in this regard among procaryotic cells, may be responsible for the differential pattern of growth inhibition.


Media exchange method for demonstrating killing of L-phase variants in solid media by normal human serum. Normal human serum has been shown to kill L-phase variants in a fluid system by the action of antibody plus complement. Previous studies, however, failed to demonstrate such killing in solid media. This failure probably resulted from inhibition of complement by medium components such as agar and NaCl. A method was developed which circumvents the problems of the anticomplementary properties of agar media and the requirement of some L-phase variants for concentrations of salt that inhibit complement. Using this method, we have demonstrated in solid media the killing by normal human serum of the L-phase variants of Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, S. faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi. This method provides a relatively simple and graphic means for studying host humoral factors lethal for L-phase variants.


Mechanisms and genetics of resistance to sodium lauryl sulfate in strains of Shigella and Escherichia coli. The sensitivity to sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) of Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli is determined by at least three genes. One site is located near the lactose operon, and two loci are cotransducible with the arabinose operon. Calcium ions protect against SLS lysis. One gene is concerned with the relative ability of the bacterium to retain calcium against such chelating agents as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or phosphate buffer. This was first observed in a mutation from virulence to avirulence in S. flexneri with a concomitant loss of ability to penetrate the intestinal epithelium. The avirulent strain is far less sensitive to lysis by SLS in the presence of phosphate buffer than its virulent parent. The avirulent strain is also less sensitive to lysozyme and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. E. coli K-12 is much more sensitive to SLS than both of these Shigella strains. An E. coli-S. flexneri hybrid, which is unable to survive well in the gut and thus only produces an abortive infection, has inherited this extreme sensitivity to SLS.


Ultraviolet light inactivation and photoreactivation in the mycobacteria. The kinetics of inactivation of mycobacteria by ultraviolet light were investigated. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. marinum were shown to be capable of photo-reactivation.


In vitro induction of nonspecific resistance in macrophages by specifically sensitized lymphocytes. Experiments were carried out to determine whether macrophages can be activated in vitro to resist challenge with heterologous microorganisms. Sensitized spleen cells from guinea pigs chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii were cultured with normal guinea pig peritoneal macrophages in the presence and absence of Toxoplasma antigen. Macrophage monolayers incubated with sensitized spleen cells and antigen were markedly resistant to challenge from Listeria monocytogenes. Resistance was manifested by prolonged survival of the monolayers and rapid intracellular killing of the bacteria. Macrophages incubated with sensitized spleen cells but in the absence of antigen, as well as macrophages cultured with normal spleen cells, in the presence or absence of antigen, were rapidly destroyed. Sensitized spleen cells responded to the presence of Toxoplasma antigen by increased uptake of tritium-labeled thymidine. Supernatant fluid medium obtained from cultures of macrophages, sensitized spleen cells, and antigen contained a macrophage migration inhibitory factor(s). In addition, these supernatant fluids were capable of inducing increased resistance to Listeria in normal macrophages.


Macrophage cytophilic antibody in mice: mechanism of action of bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the uptake of immunoglobulins by mouse peritoneal cells. The action of injected bacterial lipopolysaccharide upon the uptake of cytophilic antibodies by macrophages was found to be unrelated either to changes in surface charge or to the rate of anaerobic glycolysis of these cells. It is apparently mediated by alterations in the levels of material in the serum which enhances the uptake of cytophilic antibody by macrophages. This enhancing material does not appear to be an immunoglobulin nor can it be generated by the action of endotoxin on either whole blood or serum.


Contribution of humoral and cellular factors to the resistance to experimental infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice. I. Interaction between immunoglobulins, heat-labile serum factors, and phagocytic cells in the killing of bacteria. Techniques have been described for the purification of mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and macrophages and for determining their bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a rotating suspension. Requirements for human anti-Pseudomonas opsonins and heat-labile mouse serum factors have been determined. In the macrophage system, although heat-labile mouse serum factors had enhancing properties, both immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) opsonins alone sufficed to induce bactericidal activity. In contrast, both opsonins and heat-labile mouse serum factors were required for bactericidal activity by the mouse PMN. In the absence of heat-labile mouse serum factors, IgG and IgM opsonins contributed to the bactericidal activity of mouse macrophages to the same extent. However, in the presence of these factors, much less IgG than IgM antibody was required to achieve maximum bactericidal activity by these cells. Similarly, IgG opsonins were found to be more efficient than IgM opsonins in enhancing the killing of P. aeruginosa by mouse PMN.


Intracerebral inoculation of rhesus monkeys with a strain of measles virus isolated from a case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Measles virus isolated from the brain of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was injected intracerebrally (ic) into 34 rhesus monkeys. Groups of these animals were injected with measles antigen in Freund's complete adjuvant or treated by schedules used for suppression of the general or cell-mediated immune responsiveness. In another group of animals, experimental allergic encephalitis was induced parallel with measles infection. Measles virus was isolated from the brains of monkeys up to 13 days after ic inoculation. No virus was detected in the central nervous system after 3 to 4 weeks, the longest postinoculation period examined. It was concluded that the subacute sclerosing panencephalitis-derived virus either lost its neurotropic properties at the passage level at which it was used or that it submerged into a silent stage and escaped detection. Neither immunosuppression nor concomitant autoimmune encephalitis had an effect on the survival of measles virus in the central nervous system. The histology of the nervous tissue was basically normal except for characteristic lesions of experimental allergic encephalitis in animals receiving the respective treatment.


Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by hyperbaric oxygen. I. Sulfonamide activity enhancement and reversal. To elucidate an explanation for in vitro sulfonamide enhancement by high-pressure oxygen (HPO) and the reported absence of enhancement with in vivo therapy, Pseudomonas aeruginosa cultures were exposed to selected antifolate antimicrobials in the presence of 1.87 atm absolute of O(2) and compared with non-HPO treated controls. Under these conditions, HPO alone retarded growth. Trimethoprim, a non-sulfonamide which inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, was not bactericidal, nor did HPO enhance existent bacteriostatic activity. The sulfonamide, sulfisozazole, was not bactericidal, but HPO enhanced bacteriostatic activity twofold; bacteriostasis was mitigated in HPO-treated and control cultures by p-aminobenzoate but not by a mixture of compounds involved in folate-mediated "1-C" biosynthesis. Mafenide, a unique sulfonamide, at high concentrations with HPO, was synergistically bactericidal; non-HPO-treated cultures were bacteriostatically inhibited. Bacteriostatic activity of lower mafenide concentrations was also enhanced at least twofold by HPO. These inhibitory effects of mafenide, acting with or without HPO, were mitigated by the above mixture, but not by p-aminobenzoate. This may explain the lack of in vivo HPO-mafenide enhancement in burn-wound sepsis where exudates would contain such a mixture. Lastly, HPO itself was largely bactericidal at 2.87 atm absolute of O(2). This was reversed to various degrees by the above mixture, or its components, or by folic, folinic, or p-aminobenzoic acids. These in vitro interactions suggest HPO per se may act at the same site as some sulfonamides to inhibit folate synthesis (not primarily at the dihydrofolate reductase level), or coenzyme functions of folate, or both.


Micro complement fixation assay for type-specific group A streptococcal antibody. A micro complement fixation assay was devised to measure the type-specificity of anti-M antibody. Unabsorbed sera were from rabbits hyperimmunized with heat-killed streptococci and from humans with naturally occurring antibody or immunized with purified M protein vaccines. These sera fixed complement only in the presence of homologous M proteins (serotypes 1, 3, 6, 12, and 14). The complement fixation reaction paralleled the results obtained with the Lancefield bactericidal (opsonic) assay and did not exhibit the cross-reactions frequently seen with type-specific anti-M sera assayed by passive hemagglutination. All serological activity of the antisera resided in the fraction corresponding to 7S globulin eluted from a Sephadex G-200 gel filtration column. Because of the close correlation between micro complement fixation and the bactericidal assay for type-specific antibody, it is proposed that the micro complement fixation procedure, as we have described it, merits further evaluation as a substitute for the bactericidal test of immunity to group A streptococcal infection.


Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by hyperbaric oxygen. II. Ultrastructural changes. The ultrastructure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells treated with hyperbaric oxygen for 20 to 24 hr was examined by electron microscopy. A marked difference in the morphology of the nuclear area and cytoplasm of experimental cells was noted when compared to control cells grown under normobaric conditions. This difference was characterized by the absence of a definitive nuclear area and a reduced granularity of the cytoplasm.


Anti-immunoglobulin G hemagglutination-inhibition test for influenza. The sensitivity of the hemagglutination-inhibition test for influenza was significantly increased by the addition of species-specific anti-immunoglobulin G serum.


Migration inhibition of mouse macrophages by Brucella antigens. Mice are suitable donors of peritoneal macrophages for the capillary migration inhibition test, provided a period of preincubation with antigen is used


Characterization of an equine infectious anemia antigen extracted from infected horse spleen tissue. The spleens of horses infected with equine infectious anemia contain an antigen that is useful for a diagnostic immunodiffusion test. This antigen was extracted from the spleen by homogenization of the tissue, centrifugation, and precipitation from the supernatant fluid at 50% saturation with (NH(4))(2)SO(4). The antigen was purified by subjecting it to two cycles of electrophoresis in a continuous free-flow electrophoresis cell and finally filtering through a column of Sephadex G-200 gel. The antigen was found to be a small protein with a molecular weight of 27,500 and sedimentation coefficient of 2.1S. Its density was about 1.18 and its isoelectric point 5.8. At 45 to 50 C, it coagulated, losing its antigenicity. The antigen was useful for assaying antibody in the serum from infected horses by using the complement fixation test or the immunodiffusion test. Complement-fixing antibodies were found to be more transient than the precipitating antibodies.


Identification of enterotoxin E.

Identification of enterotoxin E. Identification of a new enterotoxin was accomplished by purification of the enterotoxin produced by staphylococcal strain FRI-326 and by preparation of specific antitoxin to the enterotoxin. Toxicity of the preparations was determined in rhesus monkeys, and specificity of the enterotoxin-antitoxin reaction was determined in gel diffusion plates. The enterotoxin was designated enterotoxin E.


Type-specific antigens of group B type Ic streptococci. The type-specific antigens of group B type Ic (old designation type Ii) streptococci were extracted, purified, and characterized by serological and chemical methods. The Ia antigen, shared by types Ia and Ic, is a polysaccharide composed of 69% galactose and 25% glucosamine (i.e., 31% N-acetyl-glucosamine). However, these monosaccharides failed to inhibit significantly the quantitative precipitin reactions between purified antigen and type Ia antiserum. Indications are that the immunodominant group of this antigen consists of more than a simple monosaccharide. The Ic antigen, shared by types Ib and Ic, is a protein unrelated to the X and R protein antigens. Ic antigen consists of two serologically active determinants, one of which is susceptible to both trypsin and pepsin digestion and the other to pepsin but not to trypsin digestion. Acrylamide gel electrophoresis of the partially purified Ic antigen resulted in the occurrence of both determinants throughout the length of the gel, as shown by double gel diffusion slides.


Immunogenicity of various mycobacteria and the corresponding levels of cross-protection developed between species. Seven mycobacterial species were tested for their ability to immunize mice against subsequent tuberculous challenge. The phylogenetic relationships between the vaccine and challenge strains had little direct influence on the level of resistance; a better correlation was found between the ability of the vaccine to survive or multiply in vivo and the immunogenicity of the organism. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis (except for an SM(R) variant), M. avium, two of three M. kansasii strains, and one strain of M. intracellulare all survived or multiplied in vivo. They induced an effective resistance against a subsequent M. tuberculosis (Erdman) or BCG challenge. The SM(R) BCG, the Bostrom strain of M. kansasii, M. scrofulaceum, three strains of M. intracellulare, and one of M. terrae and M. fortuitum were unable to survive in vivo and were nonallergenic and nonimmunogenic. No evidence was found for an interference phenomenon between the atypical mycobacteria and the BCG vaccine sufficient to explain the inadequate levels of immunization reported in some field trials.


Serum factors and the reticuloendothelial uptake of Staphylococcus aureus. II. Role of a zymosan-adsorbable serum opsonin. A heat-stable factor in the serum of normal rabbits adsorbed by zymosan at 16 C in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid has been found to enhance the uptake of an encapsulated strain of Staphylococcus aureus (Smith diffuse) by the isolated perfused rabbit liver. This opsonin does not appear to be a rate-limiting component of the hemolytic complement system, properdin, immunoglobulins G or M. It does, however, require the presence of a heat-labile cofactor(s) for expression of its activity.


Cytotoxicity of rabbit blood for Listeria monocytogenes. Our studies reveal that normal rabbit blood contains a potent bactericidin active against Listeria monocytogenes. The factor is present in greatest amounts in fresh undiluted serum but is absent in platelet extracts. A correlation was observed between the virulence of Listeria strains and their relative ability to survive in serum. The bactericidal titers obtained for plasma and plasma serum indicate that clotting must occur for optimum expression of antilisterial activity. The lethal action is not elevated after immunization with viable Listeria nor does it appear to depend on heat-labile components of complement. The active factor was removed from serum by filtration through a cellulose asbestos filter pad and further purified by carboxymethyl cellulose chromatography. Iron significantly diminishes serum lethality and completely abolishes the action of the purified component. The listericidal factor resembles beta-lysin but may be a distinct part of a multiple system of similar bactericidins.


Influence of antibiotics or certain intestinal bacteria on orally administered Candida albicans in germ-free and conventional mice. Candida albicans, administered by gastric intubation, persisted in the gastrointestinal tract of gnotobiotic mice for long periods but was eliminated within a relatively short period of time in pathogen-free mice. Oxytetracycline administered by mouth had no reproducible effect on the persistence of C. albicans in the gastrointestinal tract of either germ-free or pathogen-free mice. Prolonged administration of streptomycin extended the time that C. albicans could be recovered from feces of pathogen-free mice when compared to mice not receiving the antibiotic or those receiving a single large dose. There was a brief interval of time during which C. albicans could not be recovered from the feces of gnotobiotic mice contaminated with certain intestinal bacteria, but eventually all mice began to shed the fungus again. C. albicans administered by mouth was not pathogenic for germ-free or pathogen-free mice. It can be concluded from these findings that mice do not possess an innate resistance to C. albicans but that pathogen-free mice do possess some ecological mechanism which prevents establishment of the fungus in their gastrointestinal tract. The reason for the difference in colonization of C. albicans in germ-free or gnotobiotic mice and pathogen-free mice was not determined.


Protective role of smooth lipopolysaccharide in the serum bactericidal reaction. The mechanism by which smooth lipopolysaccharide (LPS) protects Salmonella typhimurium C5 from the lethal action of specific antibody and complement has been investigated. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) and ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), which sensitize S. typhimurium C5 to the bactericidal action of immune serum, were shown to cause appreciable structural modification of the smooth LPS associated with these cells. Mg(2+) was shown to reverse the sensitization of C5 by Tris, but this divalent cation was unable to reverse the sensitizing effect of Tris plus EDTA, which, unlike Tris, caused relatively large amounts of O-antigenic components to be released from the C5 cell wall. The possibility that smooth LPS blocks the interaction of activated complement components with receptors on the cell wall is discussed.


Complications and residuals of meningococcal disease.


Meningococcal meningitis: past and present concepts.


Procainamide induced systemic lupus erythematosus.


Suspected subclinical mycotic disease: a case report.


Postoperative serum enzyme patterns.

Postoperative serum enzyme patterns.