The normal insulin response to glucose. The relationship between blood sugar and plasma insulin.


Juvenile diabetes with long-standing remission. A case report.


The physiology and pharmacology of adipose tissue lipolysis: its inhibition and implications for the treatment of diabetes.


Suppression of splanchnic ketone body production in man by nicotinic acid.


Changes in the hydroxyproline, hexosamine and sialic acid of the diabetic human and beta, beta'-iminodipropionitrile-treated rat retinal vascular systems.


The pathogenesis of tumour hypoglycaemia: blocks of hepatic glucose release and of adipose tissue lipolysis.


Comparative aspects of the immunology and biology of insulin.


Infrared thermography in diabetes mellitus. A preliminary study.


A comparative light and electron microscope study of the keratinisation and epidermal blistering in chronic recurrent forms of eczema.


Induced abortions of 8 to 12 weeks pregnancy. Evaluation of methods and histological findings in decidua and chorionic villi.


The effect of EACA on the postirradiation hemocoagulation defect.


Diagnostic use of intraperiotoneal radiogold therapy.


EEG studies of healthy population--normal rhythms of resting recording.


EEG studies of the responses of healthy adults to external stimuli.


EEG studies of 100 healthy adults--changes evoked by photostimulation.


Renal function in the diuretic stage of acute renal insufficiency.


Acute renal failure after x-ray contrast substances.


The sex ratio in the offsprings of uranium miners.


A contribution to the epidemiology of malignant tumours in the female population of Czechoslovakia.


Ruptures of the tendo Achillis.

Ruptures of the tendo Achillis.


Bacterial toxins and selected topics in virology. Proceedings of the XIth Conference of Charles University medical faculty held in Prague on September 27-30, 1966.


Hyperglycemic effect of pyruvic acid phenylhydrazone.


Inhibitory effect of caffeine on the in vitro uptake of glucose by rat epididymal adipose tissue.


Studies on peripheral glucose metabolism using the experimental human forearm preparation.


Management of the late complications of the residual pleural space.


The diagnosis of pulmonary heart disease.


Some observations on pleurisy with effusion.


Pulmonary vascular responses to thromboembolism.


Pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension.


[The chemical composition of the wall of the lymphatic vessels. I. Nucleotides and nucleic acids].


External radiation levels on Bikini Atoll--May, 1967. HASL-190.


The sand rat (Psammomys obesus) as an experimental animal in studies of diabetes mellitus.


[Diabetic syndrome in sand rats. 3. Observations on adipose tissue and liver in the non-diabetic stage].


Diabetes in the Chinese hamster. Some clinical and metabolic aspects.


Insulin levels in the umbilical vein and in the umbilical artery of newborns of normal and gestational diabetic mothers.


The effect of insulin on the uptake of radioactive labelled plasma triglycerides by rat tissue in vivo.


Microangiopathy in young diabetic men. A light microscopic biopsy study of skin with clinical application.


Inhibition of glutathione reductase in diabetics and non-diabetics.


The road ahead.

The road ahead.


Arterial blood flow into the human intervillous space.


P32 uptake in lichen sclerosus et atrophicus of the vulva.


Heart rate response of the human fetus to induced maternal hypoxia.


Amniotic fluid embolism. A re-evaluation.


Criminal abortion deaths, illegitimate pregnancy deaths, and suicides in pregnancy. Minnesota, 1950-1965. A retrospective study of abortion and maternal deaths in Minnesota during the period 1950-1965 is presented.  Data from the Minnesota Maternal Mortality Study indicate that there were 658 maternal deaths and 1,301,745 live births.  21 of these deaths were due to criminal abortion.  It is estimated that 60%-80% of all abortions performed were done for psychiatric reasons in apprehension of maternal suicide.  14 suicides were reported during the period and only 4 occurred during the gestational period.  None of the suicides was an illegitimately pregnant woman.


Psychiatric implications of therapeutic abortion.


Blood volume during pregnancy. Significance of plasma and red cell volumes.


Breech presentation in the primigravida.


Comparison between uterine, upper vaginal, lower vaginal, and digital pulse.


Invasive carcinoma of the cervix during pregnancy.


The dynamics of placental oxygen transfer. I. Effects of maternal hyperoxia in pregnant ewes and fetal lambs.


Respiratory syncytial virus isolation by combined continuous flow-isopycnic banding centrifugation. A new zonal centrifuge rotor (B-IX) which combines continuous sample flow centrifugation with isopycnic banding has been used to isolate and concentrate respiratory syncytial virus from liter volumes of culture fluid. This isolation technique utilizes a sucrose density gradient to trap and isopycnically band the virus particles, and permits recovery of the particles from the rotor in an unaggregated condition.


Structural units of reovirus ribonucleic acid and their possible functional significance. Reovirus contains ribonucleic acid (RNA) equivalent in amount to a molecular weight of approximately 10(7) daltons. On isolation, this RNA is invariably broken into fragments of three different sizes. The three pieces have been separated from each other by chromatography on methylated albumin-kieselguhr columns. Denaturation of the three fragments of RNA in dimethyl sulfoxide led to separation of the strands, as suggested by sucrose gradient sedimentation patterns and by the second-order kinetics of reannealing. Molecular weights of 0.8 x 10(6), 1.4 x 10(6), and 2.4 x 10(6) were determined for the double-stranded fragments from the sedimentation rates of the single-stranded RNA obtained by denaturation. There was little or no homology among the three classes of denatured RNA when taken in pairs in hybridization tests. The three pieces of double-stranded RNA, therefore, did not result from random breaks in the original viral RNA molecule. Virusspecific single-stranded RNA formed in infected cells, and previously found to be largely if not entirely messenger RNA transcribed from the viral genome, was also separated into three size classes by sedimentation through sucrose gradients. Each class of single-stranded RNA corresponded in size to one of the three fragments of double-stranded RNA. The largest piece of single-stranded RNA hybridized uniquely with the largest fragment of denatured viral RNA. By whatever means this fragment of double-stranded RNA may be joined into the viral RNA molecule, it seems to act as a specific unit for transcription of an uninterrupted messenger RNA of equivalent length.


Nature of hamster complement-fixing antibody to adenovirus 12 tumor antigen. The presence of complement-fixing (CF) antibody reactive with T antigen and with viral C antigen in hamsters bearing adenovirus 12-induced tumors has been confirmed. Antibody activity in serum obtained at a time when the host was bearing large tumors was found to be associated exclusively with 7S immunoglobulins. Two populations of 7S immunoglobulins showing CF reactivity were distinguished by electrical charge, as determined by diethylaminoethyl cellulose chromatography and immunoelectrophoresis. No antibodies of the 19S IgM type were detected in the serum of hamsters bearing large tumors.


Characteristics of a lytic enzyme induced by bacteriophage infection of Micrococcus lysodeikticus. A lytic enzyme induced in Micrococcus lysodeikticus strain 1 by infection with N1 bacteriophage was purified 45- to 50-fold by ammonium sulfate precipitation, acid precipitation, and selective adsorption of contaminating proteins with calcium phosphate gel. The optimal pH for activity of the enzyme was 6.5 to 7.0. Maximal activity occurred at 45 to 50 C and at an ionic strength of 0.06. The enzyme had a limited specificity and lysed cell walls of M. lysodeikticus with the release of dinitrofluorobenzene reactive groups. Living cells were lysed in the absence of phage; however, the rate of lysis increased when phage was present in excess of 10 particles per bacterial cell. Young cells were most sensitive, and the sensitivity decreased to a minimum with stationary-phase cells. Acting synergistically, lysozyme and the N1-induced lysin caused lysis of cells which were resistant to either enzyme acting independently. The N1 lysin did not exhibit proteolytic activity.


Characterization of an infectivity assay for the ribonucleic acid of bacteriophage MS2. An infectivity assay for MS2 ribonucleic acid (RNA), which uses bacterial spheroplasts of an F(-) strain of Escherichia coli, has an efficiency of 10(-5) infected spheroplasts per RNA molecule. The characteristics of this assay and the influence of several parameters are presented. Important variables include the duration of exposure of the cells to lysozyme-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, the duration of exposure of the spheroplast stock to the RNA solutions before dilution, the concentration of RNA, and the presence of competing RNA. The growth kinetics of the virus in the infected spheroplasts and the extent of lysis have also been studied.


Molecular recombination in T4 bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid. I. Tertiary structure of early replicative and recombining deoxyribonucleic acid. A replicative hybrid resulting from the infection of heavy (substituted with 5-bromodeoxyuridine) bacteria with light (not substituted with 5-bromodeoxyuridine) radioactive bacteriophage was isolated from a CsCl density gradient. Sedimentation studies indicate that 60% of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) behaves as if it were in units more than four times as large as an intact reference molecule. Under the electron microscope, hybrid molecules appeared tangled, showed puffs and loops, occupied a small area, and often had a total length twice that of mature phage. This indicates that sucrose gradient sedimentation is not applicable as a method for estimating the relative molecular size of replicative forms of DNA. After denaturation, the separated strands of hybrid were of the same size as those of reference DNA. CsCl density gradient analysis revealed no terminal covalent addition of new material to the old parental strand. The possibility of a continuous growth of the DNA molecule, either on a single-stranded level or as a double helical structure, is disproved. When chloramphenicol (CM) was added at critical times after infection, DNA synthesis continued at a constant rate. The parental label soon assumed and retained a hybrid density, despite concomitant synthesis of DNA, throughout the rest of the period of incubation in CM. The hybrid moiety, however, actively participated in replication and exchanged its partner strand for a new one; this was demonstrated by changing the density label during incubation in CM. A new enzyme synthesized shortly after infection introduced single-stranded "nicks" into the parental DNA. Since nicking can be inhibited by chloramphenicol, the responsible enzyme is not of host origin. The time of the appearance of this enzyme coincided with the onset of molecular recombination. Another enzyme, which mediates the repair of the continuity of the polynucleotide chain after recombination, appeared after recombination. If selectively inhibited by chloramphenicol, recombinant molecules remained unrepaired, and, upon denaturation, the parental fragment was liberated in pure form.


Adenovirus proteins. II. N-terminal amino acid analysis. Adenovirus types 2, 4, 5, 6, 18, 21 and 27, were analyzed for N-terminal amino acids by use of (35)S-labeled phenylisothiocyanate of high specific radioactivity. Two free N-terminal amino acids, alanine and glycine, were found in these viruses in the molar ratio (alanine-glycine) of 2.5:1, with the exception of type 2 where the ratio was 3.6:1 and type 5 where the ratio was 5.5:1 Adenovirus type 2 was disrupted by acetone treatment, and two protein fractions were obtained after sucrose gradient centrifugation. One of these fractions, which was associated with the viral deoxyribonucleic acid and comprised approximately 18% of the total protein of the virus, was greatly enriched with respect to N-terminal alanine and glycine.


Denaturation and renaturation of viral ribonucleic acid. I. Annealing R17 ribonucleic acid with denatured replicative form or with denatured replicative intermediate. Purified replicative form (RF) and replicative intermediate (RI) prepared from Escherichia coli infected with R17 were denatured in 0.15 m NaCl, 0.015 m sodium citrate containing 65% dimethylsulfoxide. Denaturation of RF or RI was demonstrated spectrophotometrically, chromatographically, and by sedimentation analysis. Denatured RF or RI was annealed by carefully decreasing the temperature from 62 to 20 C. Annealing was accompanied by a decreased absorbance at 260 mmu. The decrease in absorbance during annealing appeared to be dependent upon the rate of cooling and the concentration of ribonucleic acid (RNA). Denatured RF or RI was annealed with R17 RNA which was labeled with (3)H-uridine. The annealed product was 73 to 82% resistant to 0.1 mug/ml of ribonuclease. Annealing R17 RNA with either denatured RF or RI resulted in the formation of a ribonuclease-resistant product with a sedimentation profile resembling that of native RI. Melting the annealed products in 85.7% dimethyl sulfoxide produced 27S single-stranded R17 RNA and a heterogeneous population of more slowly sedimenting RNA.


Denaturation and renaturation of viral ribonucleic acd. II. Characterization of the products resulting from annealing R17 ribonucleic acid with denatured replicative form or with denatured replicative intermediate. The ribonucleic acid (RNA) product resulting from annealing R17 RNA with denatured replicative form or replicative intermediate could be divided into two distinct types of RNA by precipitation in 1.5 m NaCl. The RNA found in the salt supernatant fluid was resistant to digestion by ribonuclease, had a sedimentation coefficient of 15S, and displayed a sharp thermal transition. The RNA in the salt supernatant fluid appeared to be identical to replicative form. The RNA found in the salt precipitate was resistant to digestion by ribonuclease, but possessed both single- and double-stranded characteristics. The RNA sedimented as a broad band in a sucrose gradient, with a sedimentation coefficient of 15S, and displayed a melting transition characteristic of a mixture of single- and double-stranded RNA. Mild ribonuclease digestion of the salt-precipitable RNA produced a ribonuclease-resistant material with sedimentation properties identical to the RNA found in the salt supernatant fluid.


Electron microscopy of adenovirus 12 replication. 1. Fine structural changes in the nucleus of infected KB cells. The ultrastructure of KB cells infected with oncogenic adenovirus 12 was studied at various intervals from 4 to 72 hr after viral inoculation. At 12 hr after infection, the nucleus and the nucleolus became hypertrophic. At 16 hr, bundles of fibers digestable by proteolytic enzymes were seen in the nucleus; they are considered as the early viral antigens identified immunologically by others. Between 24 and 26 hr, four types of nuclear inclusions appeared. Their sequence of appearance and fine structure are described. On the basis of their sensitivity to proteolytic digestion in thin sections, and the results of immunoferritin studies made by others, some of these inclusions are believed to represent viral structural antigens. Throughout the cycle of viral replication, the nucleolus displayed prominent and constant changes in the form of focal condensations and loosening of the nucleolonema, followed by atrophy and fragmentation. It is suggested that the early nucleolar changes reflect an active participation of the nucleolus in the synthesis of adenovirus 12. A hitherto unknown striated structure with definite periodicity, which is easily digested by proteolytic enzymes, was found in the nuclei during the late stages of adenovirus 12 replication.


A new procedure for quantitative measurements of virus particles in crude preparations. A new method is described for the quantitative measurement of virus concentration in crude preparations by density gradient centrifugation and electron microscopy. The centrifugation is carried out in a specially designed centrifuge tube which permits separation and sedimentation of virus particles at different levels according to their sedimentation velocity. The gradient of a mixture of heavy and normal water (D(2)O-H(2)O) is designed to sediment the virus particles with constant velocity so that the optimal time of centrifugation can easily be calculated. The virus particles are collected on carbon-coated nickel grids floating on mercury at the bottom of the centrifuge tube and are counted by means of electron microscopy. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated with a crude plant extract of tobacco mosaic virus.


Rubella virus replication in the brains of suckling mice.


Electron microscopy of adenovirus 12 replication. II. High-resolution autoradiography of infected KB cells labeled with tritiated thymidine. Incorporation of tritiated thymidine by KB cells infected with oncogenic adenovirus 12 was studied by means of high-resolution electron microscopic autoradiography. After a 1-hr pulse with tritiated thymidine, infected and control cultures were fixed at 8, 16, 24, 30, and 36 hr. Infected cultures showed a higher percentage of labeled cells. During early stages, the frequency of silver grains in the nucleus and in the nucleolus was higher in infected material. From 24 hr on, there was an inhibition of nuclear and nucleolar deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. At late stages, one-third of the label was located over nuclear inclusions, type II and IV, previously shown to be composed of DNA and protein, while a large majority of the remaining grains were located over the nucleoplasm. The possibility is considered, that the early increase in nuclear and nucleolar DNA synthesis produced by adeno 12 replication could in part be due to newly synthesized cellular DNA, as has been reported by others with respect to other oncogenic DNA viruses.


Multiplication of yellow fever virus in insect tissue cell cultures.


Intracellular uncoating of type 5 adenovirus deoxyribonucleic acid. Highly purified, (32)P-labeled type 5 adenovirus was employed to study "uncoating" of viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-defined as the development of sensitivity to deoxyribonuclease. Viral infectivity and radioactivity adsorbed to KB cells at the same rate, and significant amounts of (32)P did not elute from cells throughout the eclipse period. Kinetic studies of viral penetration, eclipse of infectivity, and uncoating of viral DNA indicated that the three events were closely related temporally, that the rates of each were similar, and that they were completed within 60 to 90 min after infection. Viral penetration, eclipse, and uncoating proceeded normally under conditions which blocked protein synthesis, but they did not occur at 0 to 4 C. Neither viral DNA nor viral protein was degraded to acid-soluble material during the eclipse period. The nature of adenovirus DNA was studied after it was converted intracellularly from deoxyribonuclease-resistant to deoxyribonuclease-susceptible. Intact virions centrifuged in sucrose gradients had a sedimentation coefficient of approximately 800, and viral DNA sedimented as a particle of about 30S. Infection of KB cells with purified (32)P-labeled virus yielded deoxyribonuclease-susceptible viral nucleic acid which was in particles with sedimentation coefficients of 350 to 450S, i.e., greater than 10 times faster than DNA obtained from purified virions which had been disrupted by exposure to pH 10.5. When the DNA from disrupted virions was mixed with cell lysates, its sedimentation characteristics were essentially unchanged by the presence of cellular material.


Attachment and eclipse of adenovirus.

Attachment and eclipse of adenovirus. The attachment and eclipse of adenovirus have been studied with the aid of highly purified (14)C-threonine and (32)P-labeled adenovirus type 2 in KB cells in suspension cultures. Adenovirus particles and infectivity appear to attach at the same rate. The attachment rate appears to be highly dependent on the cell concentration and less dependent on virus concentration within the multiplicity range from 0.15 to 3 plaque-forming units per cell, probably corresponding to 4.5 to 90 particles per cell. Subsequent to attachment, 5 to 8% of the (14)C label is eluted from the cell at a structure level, corresponding to free hexon. The (32)P activity is rapidly associated with the cells and is converted within 20 to 30 min to 65 to 85% deoxyribonuclease-susceptible material. This process is unaffected by actinomycin and puromycin. The deoxyribonuclease-sensitive material is, however, associated with (14)C label for an extended period after infection, and does not sediment as free deoxyribonucleic acid in sucrose gradients. The implications of these findings on the penetration mechanism of animal viruses are discussed.


Characterization of virus- and endotoxin-induced interferons obtained from the serum and urine of rabbits. Interferons induced in the rabbit by Newcastle disease virus or by endotoxin have been further characterized as to their physicochemical stability and molecular size by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. Endotoxin-induced interferon obtained from serum was more labile than virus-induced interferon. Both endotoxin and virus induced interferons obtained from serum contained two peaks: a minor high molecular weight (>100,000) peak and a major lower molecular weight peak. The molecular weight of the major peak induced by endotoxin was 54,000, and that induced by Newcastle disease virus was 46,000. The gel filtration pattern of interferon recovered from the urine of animals inoculated with virus reflected faithfully the pattern found in serum except that there was proportionately less of the high molecular weight peak. However, the urine interferon from endotoxin-inoculated animals contained only one broad peak with a molecular weight of 35,000. This was not the peak fraction present in the serum of such animals. It is postulated that this may represent the basic unit of endotoxin-induced interferon, and that the serum components are either polymers or conjugates of this basic unit.


Envelope protein of influenza virus. I. Hemagglutinating activity of reassociated subunits. The hemagglutinating properties of influenza virus envelope protein, prepared by reassociation of polypeptide subunits, have been defined and compared with those of virus and ether-split hemagglutinin. In general, the characteristics of the intact and ether-split virus were found to be similar, whereas those of the envelope protein were distinctly different. The use of chicken, pigeon, and guinea pig erythrocytes both at 23 and 4 C disclosed that the hemagglutinating titers of envelope protein preparations were particularly dependent on the system employed. Under optimal conditions, with guinea pig cells at 4 C, the titers of envelope protein preparations were equivalent to those of the original virus concentrates. The hemagglutinating activity of envelope protein was particularly sensitive to elevated temperature, concentrated urea, sulfhydryl-reducing reagents, and tryptic digestion at high salt concentrations. In all these respects, the intact virus was more resistant than the envelope protein. Interpretation of the data indicates that the hemagglutinin is stabilized when associated with the lipid micelle at the surface of the virus.


Protein components of bacteriophages lambda and lambda virulent. Parallel studies have been made of the protein coats of the temperate bacteriophage lambda and of a deletion mutant, lambda virulent. A new method for preparing ghosts of both phages by the action of Cu(++) is described. Protein ghosts of both phages can be dissolved in citrate at pH values below 3, more rapidly in the presence of 8 m urea. Both phages yielded three apparently identical protein components which can be separated by thin-layer gel filtration and thin-layer gel electrophoresis. The protein of molecular weight 47,000 +/- 1,500 represents about 55% of the protein of the ghosts and is therefore likely to be the subunit of the head. The other proteins of molecular weight 30,000 +/- 1,500 and 16,000 +/- 1,500 represent approximately 25% and 20% of the protein, respectively. Amino acid analyses of the ghosts from the two phages have been carried out and show no significant differences. The buoyant density of phage lambda virulent is 0.016 g/ml less than that of lambda. Since no differences have been found in the protein components of the two phages, this indicates that the virulent mutant contains approximately 16% less deoxyribonucleic acid than the temperate phage.


Analysis of additional interference occurring after the removal of interferon. Cultures of chick cells exposed to interferon continued to decrease in virus-producing ability during incubation after the interferon was removed. The rate of development of the additional interference and the degree of viral interference finally manifested were dependent on the concentration of interferon to which the cultures were exposed and the time of exposure. Additional interference occurred also in infected cells. Additional interference was inhibited by actinomycin D and puromycin. The best explanation of additional interference is that it results from interferon that is fixed to the cells during their initial period of contact.


Interferon action on parental Semliki forest virus ribonucleic acid. Actinomycin D-treated chick fibroblasts were infected with purified (32)P-labeled Semliki forest virus, and ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted after 1 or 2 hr. Within 1 hr, viral RNA forms sedimenting in sucrose gradients at 42S, 30S, and 16S were present. The 42S form corresponded to the RNA of the virion. The 16S form appeared to be a double-stranded template for the formation of new viral RNA, since nascent RNA was associated with it and the molecule could be heat-denatured and subsequently reannealed by slow cooling. Interferon treatment before infection, or puromycin (50 mug/ml) or cycloheximide (200 mug/ml) added at the time of virus infection, had no effect on the formation of the 30S RNA but inhibited the production of the 16S form. Several findings made it unlikely that these results were due to breakdown of parental RNA and reincorporation of (32)P into progeny structures. The results suggested that the mechanism of interferon action involves inhibition of protein synthesis by parental viral RNA, since a specific viral RNA polymerase had previously been demonstrated to be necessary for production of 16S RNA. No protein synthesis appears necessary for formation of 30S RNA from parental virus RNA.


Induction of specific chromosomal aberrations by adenovirus type 12 in human embryonic kidney cells. Nonrandom chromosomal breaks in chromosomes 1 and 17 were provoked in human embryonic kidney cells 24 hr after infection with adenovirus type 12. These chromosomal changes disappeared in persistently infected cultures. Neutralization of the virus with type-specific antiviral serum prior to infection prevented the occurrence of chromosomal aberrations. No viral deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis, as determined by autoradiography, was seen in metaphases containing adenovirus type 12-induced chromosomal aberrations. Ultraviolet irradiation of the virus reduced chromosomal aberrations linearly. This reduction in aberrations was fourfold slower than the inactivation of viral infectivity. At 24 hr after infection of cells with purified (3)H-labeled adenovirus type 12, the isotope was found to be associated with the nuclei. The uptake of isotope was reduced ninefold when the labeled virus was neutralized with type-specific antiviral serum. This difference is considered to account for neutralization of labeled virions. In metaphases infected with labeled viruses, most of the clustered grains were seen only on one arm of the chromatid, even after 72 hr. Isochromatid labeling was found, however, in a small percentage of chromosomes, and increased with time after infection. This increase was threefold between 24 and 72 hr after infection, whereas the mean grain counts decreased twofold during the same period. This has been tentatively interpreted to mean that most of the viral DNA molecules or parts thereof are merely attached to cellular chromatin, but a small fraction of them becomes gradually integrated as time proceeds. Certain chromosomal sites appeared to be preferentially labeled when chromosome 2 was used as a model for evaluation.


Purification of large quantities of influenza virus by density gradient centrifugation. New zonal centrifuges can conveniently process as much as five orders of magnitude (10(5)) greater sample volumes than conventional swinging-bucket rotors. The continuous-sample-flow-with-banding versions may be used in series with ancillary purification procedures. Here we have studied the combined process: absorption and elution of influenza virus with barium sulfate followed by concentration and isopycnic banding of the virus in a buffered sucrose gradient. Kilogram quantities of impurity have been rapidly separated from grams of purified virus, which have been conveniently concentrated several hundred-fold by the purification process. Experimental vaccines made by these procedures are being evaluated.


Sedimentation analysis of Pseudomonas putida A.3.12 bacteriophage gh-1 deoxyribonucleic acid.


Isolation and partial characterization of nucleic acid of influenza virus. The principal ribonucleic acid (RNA) component isolated from purified equine influenza virus has an approximate sedimentation coefficient (S(20,W)) of 21S in sucrose gradient containing 0.1 m NaCl. Three other components of 18S, 14S, and 8S were also detected. All the RNA components have characteristics of single-stranded RNA. The average base composition of the principal RNA components is cytosine, 22.2; adenine, 22.9; guanine, 22.3; and uridine, 32.6. There was no qualitative difference in the RNA isolated from noninfectious virus particles compared to that from infectious virions.


Hirschsprung's disease in the adult.

Hirschsprung's disease in the adult.


Vascular disorders of the colon.

Vascular disorders of the colon.


The boiling pot. (How to survive in the center of a frying pan). President's address.


Autopsy verification of suicide by digitalis. Report of a case, with successful chemical identification of digitalis glycosides in gastric contents.


Notification of final adoption of an international method and standard solution for hemoglobinometry specifications for preparation of standard solution.


Clinical application of coagulographic studies.


Mesomorphic cholesterol crystals in surface temperature measurements.


The value of braces, apparatus and other gadgets in the treatment of C.P.


Current concepts in the medical treatment of cerebral palsy. Physical therapy.


Counselling and preparation for adult life.


The role of the voluntary organization in C. P.


The key role of the social worker on the cerebral palsy management team.


The role of voluntary in cerebral palsy.


A study of calcium in the early development of the amphibian embryo.


Neural-mesodermal interactions subsequent to neural induction in Ambystoma.


Pattern of RNA synthesis in isolated cells of Xenopus laevis embryos.


Inhibitor of ribosomal RNA synthesis in Xenopus laevis embryos.


Tissue compatibility.

Tissue compatibility.


Alteration of the immune response to transplantation by beta irradiation of circulating blood.


The disappearance of volatile fatty acids through the rumen wall.


A whole-body radiation counter for laboratory animals.


Aspartate aminotransferase in the immature solid endosperm of the coconut (Cocos nucifera).


Spectrophotometric estimation of transoximase.


An aspartase method by a modified Fürth and Herrmann reaction for fumarate.


Enzyme-catalyzed reactions of D-glucose-6-O-sulfate.


Proton spin-lattice relaxation in water-serum albumin and water-serum albumin-benzpyrene systems.


Pyruvate carboxylase, malate dehydrogenase, fumarase and aspartate aminotransferase in the mitochondria and in the cytoplasm of liver of chicken embryo.


Biochemical characteristics of galactokinase from adult and fetal human red cells.


A ribonuclease from the microsomes of wheat germs.


Studies on erythrocyte proteinases of Indian cattle (Bos indicus and Bos bubalis).


A small infective component of tomato spotted wilt virus (strain E).


The effect of urea on human alkaline-phosphatase preparations.


The active centre of aminopeptidase B. I. The effects of various chemical reagents.


The active centre of aminopeptidase B. II. Kinetic studies.


Hybridization between polyhedral viral and previral deoxyribonucleic acid.


Phosphatases in mammary tumours of C3H mice.


Some aspects of metal incorporation into porphyrins.


The importance of protein conformation for structure and function of haemoproteins.


Bond structure in haem compounds.

Bond structure in haem compounds.


Glutaminases in liver and kidney of hypo- and hyperthyroid rats.


Studies on lipolytic enzymes of oil seeds. Part I. Sesamum indicum (gingelly).


Characterization of subcellular RNA fractions from rat liver after stimulation and inhibition of protein synthesis.


Evidence for the in vivo action of alkylating agents on enzymatic systems in normal tissues.


Acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the developing oocytes of the freshwater murrel, Ophicephalus punctatus Bloch.


Further studies on the specific granules of leucocytes.


Gel filtration studies of invertase from sugar cane meristem.


D-aspartate oxidase from pig kidney. 3. Competitive inhibition by dicarboxylic hydroxyacids.


Effect of thyroxine and related compounds on aspartate oxoglutarate transaminase activity, as studied in human leucocytes in vitro.


Studies on the metabolism of Tetrahymena pyriformis Gl. 3. Effects of gamma-irradiation on the respiratory rate.


Observations on the nature of catalase induction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Peroxidase isoenzymes in wheat germs.

Peroxidase isoenzymes in wheat germs.


Temperature sensitivity of catalase induction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Activators and inhibitors of soluble arylsulphatases from ox brain.


Substrate specificity and modifier characteristics of an alkaline protease from the rat submandibular gland: glandulain.


Serological studies on tomato spotted wilt virus (strains E and R1).


Effect of detergents on extraction and activity of ox-kidney urate oxidase.


Action of hydroxylamine on deoxyribonucleic acid in vitro.


Effect of age, starvation, liver necrosis and chloretone on the ascorbic acid content of cotton pellet granuloma of rats.


Enzymatic degradation of histidine in Ochromonas malhamensis.


A comparative study of thermometer systems.


Scientific approach to job evaluation: writing the job description.


Purification and some properties of the cathepsin from the small intestinal mucosa of pig.


Department policies--guides for action.

Department policies--guides for action.


Good press relations result in 33-feature hospital series.


The chronic wrist-slasher.

The chronic wrist-slasher.


Why nursing service needs the housekeeper.


Palmistry: aid to diagnosis in pediatric practice.


Expansion of responsibilities: challenge for the pharmacist.


The role of chemotherapy in pelvic malignancies.


Further studies on the mutation with glucose oxime: the reaction of the oxime with T4 phage and nucleic acids.


Studies on continuous enzyme reactions. 3. Enzymatic properties of the DEAE-cellulose-aminoacylase complex.


Purification and separation of four soluble arylsulphatases from ox brain.


Still a long way to go.

Still a long way to go.


Need for research in surgical and medical considerations dealing with prosthetics and orthotics.


Application of prosthetics-orthotics principles to treatment of fractures.


Need for research in fundamental biomechanical studies.


The geriatric amputee.

The geriatric amputee.


Diet model for measuring radioactivity exposure through food--pilot study.


Metabolic changes in free amino acids of bean leaves exposed to ozone.


A botran-amended medium for isolating Aspergillus flavus from peanuts and soil.


Plutonium and strontium-90 in precipitation, August 1966 through March 1967.


National and international milk surveillance.


Food and diet surveillance.

Food and diet surveillance.


II. Water.

II. Water.


3. Air and deposition. Radioactivity in airborne particulates and precipitation.


IV. Other data. Environmental levels of radioactivity at Atomic Energy Commission Installations.


Oligonucleotide studies. 3. Optical rotatory dispersion of seven trinucleotides obtained from ribonuclease T1 digests.


The isolation, structural elucidation, and synthesis of solapalmitine and solapalmitenine, two novel alkaloid tumor inhibitors from Solanum tripartitum.


The structure of monensic acid, a new biologically active compound.


The Rochester method, an oral multisensory approach for instructing prelingual deaf children.


Teaching beginning number work to deaf children.


Program and services of an educational consultant or supervisor in a school for the deaf.


Ball State University Workshop for improving instruction of the deaf.


Oxygen-sensitive reactions of proteins and peptides. 3. Chromogenicity and cystine-related structures.


The controlled synthesis of peptides in aqueous medium. 3. Use of Leuchs' anhydrides in the synthesis of dipeptides. Mechanism and control of side reactions.


The preparation of 2-methylene-delta4-3-keto steroids.


9-beta-melibiosyladenine. Protection of the 1-6-glycosidic linkage of melibiose with benzoate ester blocking groups.


1,11-iminoestrones. I. Synthesis and proof of structure.


2,5-dimethylindolo [2,3-f] morphan.

2,5-dimethylindolo [2,3-f] morphan.


Plasmalogen synthesis. Use of l-alkynylglycerols and the production of allenic ethers.


Studies in the ganglioside series. I. Synthesis of 4-o-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-d-galactopyranose.


Nucleosides. 43. 3'-amino-3'-deoxyhexopyranosyl nucleosides. V. Studies on the preparation of aminoacyl derivatives of amino sugar nucleosides.


Acyl migration and selective esterification in pyridoxol.


Synthesis of 8-alpha- and 9-beta-B-norestrone.


The synthesis of 16beta-aminopregn-5-ene-3beta, 20beta-diol and related compounds.


Some reactions of 16beta-aminopregn-5-ene-3beta, 20beta-diol.


O-acylation of dl-carnitine chloride.

O-acylation of dl-carnitine chloride.


The structure of plasmalogens. 8. Preparation and properties of lysophosphatidal choline.


Phenazines, phenoxazinones, and dioxopiperazines from Streptomyces thioluteus.


L-proline-N-oxalic anhydride.

L-proline-N-oxalic anhydride.


Determination of the anomeric configuration of 9-alpha-D-mannofuranosyladenine and preparation of 9-alpha-D-lyxofuranosyladenine.


Reaction of nitro anions with N,N-dimethyl-p-hydroxybenzylamine. A new synthesis of alpha-methyltyrosine.


1-substituted estrone 3-methyl ethers.

1-substituted estrone 3-methyl ethers.


1,11-iminoestrones. II. Some derivatives and reactions.


The stereochemistry of the cleavage of a steroid 4,4-dimethyl-3,4-seco lactone.


A new synthesis of (plus or minus)-pseudoyohimbane. The mercuric acetate oxidation of decahydro-2-(2-indol-3-ylethyl)-trans-isoquinoline.


The selective oxidation of sulfur-containing amino acids by diethyl azodicarboxylate.


Tachyphylaxis to the stimulant actions of the indirectly acting sympathomimetic amines and acetylcholine on the adrenal medulla.


Some observations on the site of action of oxypertin.


Closed circuit medical educational television in Louisiana.


Tuberculin-negative pulmonary tuberculosis.


Amniocentesis in the management of erythroblastosis fetalis.


Hospital epidemiology.

Hospital epidemiology.


Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease.


The role of biological psychiatry in the modern treatment of psychoses.


The treatment of depressive states.

The treatment of depressive states.


Excretion of indoleamines in schizophrenia.


Cognitive style.

Cognitive style.


The hierarchical organization of perception.


Optic perception and optic imageries in man. Their roots and relations studied from the viewpoint of biology.


Intensity functions in sensory systems.

Intensity functions in sensory systems.


Central pontine myelinolysis. Report of six cases and review of the literature.


Distance estimates with "filled" and "unfilled" space.


Relation betwee immediate and short-term memory and clinical implications.


Perceptual judgment of physiques as a factor in social image.


Pupillographic recording in stereoscocally induced perceptual conflict.


Stimulus rotation and visual scanning in Ss with copying disability.


A differential comparison of two types of electropulse alphabets based on locus of stimulation.


Salivary response to lemon juice as a measure of introversion.


A repeated estimate effect in line drawing.


Performances of deaf and normally-hearing children on the Bender-Gestalt and the Archimedes Spiral tests.


Recall of paired associates as a function of arousal and recall interval.


Construct validation of measures of three kinds of experimental fatigue.


Empirical detectability scales without the JND.


Apparent reversals of orientation (perspective reversals) in depth as determinants of apparent reversals of rotary motion.


Depth perception and its special case, slant in depth, as independent of apparent orientation (perspective) in depth.


Stimulus determinants of the magnitude of the mueller-lyer illusion.


Head and body cues in the judgment of emotion: a reformulation.


Absolute judgments of size in a restricted visual environment.


Spatial aptitude and its relationship to art judgment.


Loss of teeth in dreams symbolizing fear of aging.


Sex differences in moral judgment.

Sex differences in moral judgment.


A new simple method of recording eye movements, preliminary report.


Relative attensity of stimuli in left and right visual hemifields.


Effects of knowledge of results and frame difficulty on inductive reasoning program tasks.


Auditory-visual and tactual-visual integration in relation to reading ability.


Some attributive dimensions of reversibility phenomena and their relationship to rigidity and anxiety.


Diagnostic reading test for the blind.

Diagnostic reading test for the blind.


Complex phi thresholds of brain-damaged children.


Judged complexity of tachistoscopically viewed random shapes.


Relative importance of reading readiness factors as perceived by various teacher groups.


Influence of explicit standards on judgments with unbalanced response scales.


Psychophysical methodology: comparison of thresholds of the method of limits and of the method of constant stimuli.


Individual differences in Necker cube reversal rates and perspective dominance.


Magnitude of reward and reward value in male retardates.


Auditory direction and head rotation.

Auditory direction and head rotation.


Relation of perceptual-motor ability and intellectual ability in elemenry school children.


Vigilance during sensory deprivation.

Vigilance during sensory deprivation.


Influence of active movements, lumination, and sex on estimates of body-part size.


Affiliate perception and the arousal of the participation-affiliation motive.


Judgments of body appearance by fat and skinny male college students.


The artificial heart inside the chest.

The artificial heart inside the chest.


Aspects of biological psychiatry in Thailand.


Perfusion. Regional perfusion technique for melanoma of the extremities. A report on experience with conventional treatment and perfusion in 339 cases.


Mammography: technique of mammography; results of 2,000 consecutive mammograms; results of reproducibility study in 24 institutions; report on 100 thermographic examinations.


Redistribution of forces in the correction of Boutonniere deformity.


Loci of disfluencies in the speech of stutterers.


Relation of self-concept to impact and obviousness of disability among male and female adolescents.


The Shaw test: simultaneous measures of intelligence, originality, and rigidity.


A group test of perceptual acuity.

A group test of perceptual acuity.


Color photomicroscopy of the subpapillary capillarplexus.


Sex differences in cheating and judgment discrepancy on Barron's ES scale.


Vibrissae and genetic background: their role in a water submersion task with mice.


Arm weight, adaptation,and weight discrimination.


Psychological and methodological evaluation of the components of judging accuracy.


Socialization and time perception in aged SS.


Classification and similariy of multidimensional stimli.


Personality factors and self-concept dimensions associated with proof reading ability.


Light sensitivity as related to age and sex.


Continuous versus terminal visual feedback in prism aftereffects.


Comparison of Indian students' perceptions of Nehru and Shastri.


Temporal relationship between automobile accidents and psychiatric hospitalization.


Exploratory response of rats to stimuli of differing complexity.


Effects of amphetamine on selective attention.


Arousal as a factor in reminiscence.

Arousal as a factor in reminiscence.


Compensation for auditory re-arrangement in hand-ear coordination.


Specificity in somatic responses to anxiety.


Studies in efficiency: categorizing efficiency of schizophrenics and normals.


Intrasensory effects in simple reaction time: a re-analysis of Rubinstein's data.


Method for measuring the rate of subjective time.


Lack of effect of stimulant and depressant drugs on spiral aftereffect.


Mothers' perceptions of relative advantages and disadvantages of children at different ages and of various characteristics.


Decrease and increase in test-threshold luminance induced by a contiguous annular field.


Effects of chlorpromazine on a brightness discrimination in the rat.


Effect of semicarbazide hydrochloride on the endocrine and nervous tissue (histochemical study).


Effect of tea drinking on muscular efficiency with special reference to relief of physiological fatigue.


Effect of oestrogen on the uterus of female albino rat.


A study of serum alkaline phosphatase in human being under general anaesthesia.


The effect of protein malnutrition on endocrine glands in young male and female albino rats.


Studies on potential organo-fluorine oral hypoglycaemic agents. IV. Evaluation of activity of some hydantoins, thiohydantoins and sulphonylureas.


Systemic lupus erythematosus and pregnancy.


The pharmacological basis for the effective use of hypnotics.


Changing therapeutic goals in barbiturate poisoning.


Oxygen therapy.

Oxygen therapy.


An experimental study of replacement solutions in hypovolemic shock.


Reports of emotional experience by sensitizers and repressors during an interview transaction.


Follow-up study of the hospital adjustment scale.


Reaction time, distractibility, and overinclusive thinking in psychotics.


Relationship between moral judgment and guilt in delinquent boys.


Schizophrenic responses to the Proverbs Test: abstract, concrete, or autistic?


Short-term operant conditioning of adolescent offenders on socially relevant variables.


Direct measurement of differential cognitive deficit in acute schizophrenia.


Perceptual deprivation phenomena: role of the recumbent position.


Verbal paired-associates learning in chronic schizophrenics as a function of positive and negative evaluation.


Positive and negative reinforcement with short- and long-term hospitalized schizophrenics in a probability learning situation.


Arousal levels and thought processes during sensory deprivation.


A test of the censure-deficit model and its relation to premorbidity in the performance of schizophrenics.


Judging psychopathology from paintings.

Judging psychopathology from paintings.


Treatment of a recurrent nightmare by behavior-modification procedures: a case study.


Hypnosis, simulation, and brain damage.

Hypnosis, simulation, and brain damage.


Dream function reconsidered.

Dream function reconsidered.


The radiologic identification of functioning adrenal tumors.


Diseases of the adrenal.

Diseases of the adrenal.


Radioisotopes and thyroid function: current trends.


Parathyroid scintiscanning.

Parathyroid scintiscanning.


The radiologic aspects of thyroid disease.


Radiologic assessment of endocrine effects on bone.


The radiologic diagnosis of pituitary disease.


Up-to-date corneal lens trial sets for aphakia.


Panel discussion on orbital problems.

Panel discussion on orbital problems.


Allergy in otology.

Allergy in otology.


Histamine therapy.

Histamine therapy.


Incomplete retrobular akinesia.

Incomplete retrobular akinesia.


Surgical treatment of tumors of the eye lids.


Refractory serous otitis media in children.


Fractures of the orbit.

Fractures of the orbit.


Viability assay at the organ functional level.


Viability assay of tissues and organs.

Viability assay of tissues and organs.


Histochemical enzyme procedures in viability assay of tissues and organs.


Respiratory changes in isolated perfused rat kidneys after freeze-thaw and hypothermic storage.


The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on heart rate and cardiac arrest in unanesthetized rats during progressive hypothermia.


Mechanism of hemolysis of erythrocytes by freezing at near-zero temperatures. I. Microscopic observation of hemolyzing erythrocytes during the freezing and thawing process.


Changes in rat uterus caused by freezing and thawing in the presence of glycerol.


Viability assay of organized tissues and organs.


Pentachlorophenyl esters of n-carbobenzoxy-l-amino acids.


Falciparum malaria in the United States. Report of a case in a South Viet Nam veteran.


The congenitally malformed. XIV. The child with ambiguous genitalia.


Endoprosthetic arthroplasty of rheumatoid knees.


Where Oregon is today in family planning.


Altitude effects on the human body. Ultraviolet, cold, and low pressure. II.


Adjuvant irradiation treatment for ovarian carcinoma.


Problems in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.


X-ray of the month.

X-ray of the month.


Orthotics measurement board for tibial torsion and toe-out.


Cell loss in malignant tumours in man.

Cell loss in malignant tumours in man.


Hepatic hemangiomas in newborn infants.

Hepatic hemangiomas in newborn infants.


Diagnosis and treatment of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage.


Spontaneous neonatal pleural effusion.

Spontaneous neonatal pleural effusion.


Neonatal intestinal obstruction due to absence of intestinal musculature: a new entity.


A new treatment for facial hemiatrophy in children by injections of dimethylpolysiloxane fluid.


Choice of surgical procedure in Hirschsprung's disease.


Treatment of patients with vaginitis in the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. Use of gynben (154 patients).


Chemotherapeutic response of human glial tumor cells cultured in cerebrospinal fluid.


Anticancer activity of alkylating agents derived from various diamines and diols on Ehrlich Ascites carcinoma.


Structure-cytotoxicity relations of some corticosteroids.


Radiosensitization of bacteria by 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (NSC-63878).


Nonhormonal cancer chemotherapy and the vaginal smear.


Combination therapy with thioguanine (NSC-752) and azaserine (NSC-742) for multiple myeloma.


Malignant carcinoid: effect of parenteral methotrexate (NSC-740) therapy alone and in combination with cyclophosphamide (NSC-26271) orally.


Trypanosomes of wild mammals in an area northwest of the Sergenti National Park, Tanzania.


Notes on the genus Toritrombicula (Sasa et al.) with designation of the neotype, description of nymph and redescription of larva of Tori. densipiliata (Walch), and descriptions of two new species from Southeast Asia (Acarina: Trombiculidae).


[Carbon dioxide anesthesia of untreated and chemosterilant-treated screw-worm flies, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)].


Chiggers of the subgenus Trambiculindus Radford, 1948 known from Malaysia (Acarina; Trombiculidae; Leptotrombidium).


Reproductive behavior of laboratory-reared screw-worm flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae).


Species of Tabanus related to T. xanthogaster Philippi in Chile.


Comparative toxicity of Imidan and homologs containing asymmetrical esters to the chick, rat and house fly.


Mosquito growth stimulating substances associated with infusions.


Bronze, a female-sterile mutant of Aedes aegypti.


MS-222 Sandoz as an anesthetic for black fly larvae (Diptera: Simuliidae).


Longevity of screw-worm flies, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae): effect of sex and grouping.


Three new species of Leptotrombidium from Southeast Asia (Acarina: Trombiculidae).


Comparison of DDVP and cyanide as killing agents in mosquito light traps.


A note on Culex (Lophoceraomyia) infantulus Edwards and its occurrence in Malaya (Diptera: Culicidae).


A method for radiologic detection of fetal maturity.


Aspects of refusal of blood transfusion.


Cancer detection during pregnancy. A progress report.


An epidemic of streptococcus pyogenes puerperal and postoperative sepsis with an unusual carrier site--the anus.


Traumatic laceration of uterine supports. Further observations of the Allen-Masters syndrome.


The incidence and distribution of occult vaginal adenosis.


Scleroderma and pregnancy.

Scleroderma and pregnancy.


Sterilization of women: panel discussion.


Use of isoxsuprine in uterosalpingography and uterotubal insufflation.


Emotional aspects of vulvovaginitis.

Emotional aspects of vulvovaginitis.


Immediate treatment of respiratory distress in the newborn.


Diverticulitis as a diagnostic problem in gynecology.


Accidental arterial injections.

Accidental arterial injections.


The congenitally malformed. 13. Achondroplastic dwarfism; diagnosis and management.


"Cook book therapy" for the aphasic.

"Cook book therapy" for the aphasic.


New wine in old bottles.

New wine in old bottles.


Chronic lung patients.

Chronic lung patients.


Composition and properties of Tamm and Horsfalls urinary glycoproteins in some diseases.


Neuraminic acid in blood and activity of enzymes catalyzing metabolism of neuraminic acid in tissues in some pathological states.


Effect of calcium concentration on the transmembrane potentials of Purkinje fibers.


Thyroglobulin biosynthesis in the rat thyroid.


Myelin-like configurations in Ochromonas malhamensis.


A method providing precise reproducibility of magnification of electron micrographs.


On the molecular structure of crystalline yeast cytochrome b2.


Ultrastructural changes in the microvillous plasma membrane during lipid absorption and the form of absorbed lipid: an in vivo study.


A comparative study on striated muscle fibers of the first antenna and the claw muscle of the crab Pinnixia sp.


An accurate measurement of the catalase crystal period and its use as an internal marker for electron microscopy.


Induced structural defects in T-even bacteriophage. Multiple aberrant substructures of T-even bacteriophage particles occurred when amino acid analogues or antimetabolites were present during phage growth. Certain aberrant substructures were induced by specific analogues or antimetabolites. In particular, it was observed by electron microscopy that l-canavanine, an arginine analogue, gave rise to polyheads; l-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, a proline analogue, gave rise to polytail tubes; and 1,2,4-trizaole-3-alanine, a histidine analogue, proflavine, and actinomycin D all gave rise to small heads. These aberrant substructures were similar to those reported earlier with conditional lethal mutants (amber) of T4D in a restrictive host.


Enzyme induction in green monkey kidney cultures infected with simian adenovirus. Thymidine kinase was induced after infection of an established strain of green monkey kidney cells (CV-1) with simian adenovirus SV15. Increased levels of thymidine kinase were first observed 8 to 10 hr postinoculation (PI), and the levels increased four- to eightfold by 16 to 24 hr PI. A transient increase (1.5- to 3-fold) of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase activity was also observed about 18 hr PI, but the level of deoxycytidylic deaminase was not enhanced. The inductions of thymidine kinase and DNA polymerase were not obtained when protein synthesis was inhibited with 10(-5) M cycloheximide. However, the enzyme increases did take place when infected cultures were treated with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-C), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis and SV15 replication. The incorporation of tritium-labeled thymidine (H(3)-dT) into DNA was also stimulated 8 to 24 hr after infection with SV15.


Selective inhibition of reovirus ribonucleic acid synthesis by cycloheximide. Cycloheximide, at a concentration of 10 mug/ml, rapidly blocked protein synthesis in L cells infected with reovirus. When the drug was added before 5 hr postinfection, synthesis of both single- and double-stranded varieties of virus-specific ribonucleic acid (RNA), which normally commences between 6 and 7 hr after infection, was blocked. When the cycloheximide was added at 9 hr after infection, uptake of uridine-H(3) into RNA, for the succeeding 6 hr at least, was similar to that of an infected culture without the drug. This latter uptake of uridine-H(3) in the presence of cycloheximide was largely into single-stranded RNA, since double-stranded RNA synthesis was rapidly and markedly inhibited by the cycloheximide. Single-stranded RNA formed in the presence of cycloheximide was found not to be a precursor of viral progeny, double-stranded RNA. Synthesis of double-stranded RNA in the infected cell probably requires prior synthesis of a new protein, which has a rapid rate of turnover. The possibility that formation of single-stranded RNA is preceded by synthesis of a second new protein is discussed.


Studies on persistent infections of tissue culture. VI. Reversible changes in Newcastle disease virus populations as a result of passage in L cells or chick embryos. Populations of the Victoria strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV), reisolated from persistently infected L-cell cultures and passed twice in the embryonated hen's egg (NDV(L-E-2)), were found to differ strikingly from the original, chick embryo-adapted virus (NDV(o)). After exposure of L cells to NDV(o) at high multiplicities of infection, all cells became abortively infected; they produced only small aggregates of viral antigen and few, if any, infectious virus particles, but they yielded large amounts of interferon. No cytopathic effects (CPE) were noted, and the cultures survived readily as viral carriers. In contrast, NDV(L-E-2) yielded under similar conditions large quantities of viral antigen and infectious virus particles, but no detectable interferon, and the cultures were rapidly destroyed. This change in "virulence" was at least partially reversible by further serial passages of NDV(L-E-2) in chick embryos, as was evident from a consecutive decrease in CPE with a concomitant increasingly rapid recovery of the L-cell cultures, gradually diminishing yields of infectious viral progeny, and the returning of a capacity to induce interferon synthesis. Thus, NDV(L-E-16) resembled NDV(o) in many aspects, except for a less striking reduction in its ability to replicate in L cells. Although a selection of viral variants under the given sets of conditions has not been entirely excluded, the establishment of "avirulence" appears to be largely explained by a gradual accumulation of noninfectious, interferon-inducing components in the course of serial passages in the embryonated hen's egg, and the acquisition of "virulence" by a loss of these components. The evidence is as follows. (i) By a step-wise decrease in the dose of virus and restriction of the analyses to the first infectious cycle, a multiplicity of infection was ultimately reached for all "avirulent" populations at which infected cells produced normal yields of infectious viral progeny; i.e., the interferon-inducing components were diluted to noneffective levels. The lowest multiplicity which resulted in a measurable reduction in infectious virus replication was also the last one to induce detectable interferon synthesis. (ii) All viral clones derived from "avirulent" populations behaved like NDV(L-E-2) rather than like the parent viral suspensions, except that some of them elicited small amounts of interferon in L cells. The interferon-inducing components were reduced or lost in the cloning procedures. The nature of the interferon-inducing components has not been established. These components, which were neutralized by rabbit sera against "virulent" NDV(L-E-2) populations, may represent largely inactive or incomplete virus particles; however, the infectious virus-hemagglutinin ratios of "avirulent" populations were mostly of an order similar to those of "virulent" populations. The interferon-inducing components aborted the infectious process in cells simultaneously invaded by infectious virus particles. The implications of these findings are discussed.


Multiplicity reactivation of vaccinia virus particles treated with nitrogen mustard. The nitrogen mustard bis(beta-chloroethyl)methylamine, a radiomimetic alkylating agent, is known for its ability to inactivate viruses in general and poxvirus in particular. These experiments show that vaccinia virus is rapidly inactivated by it. They show, in addition, that the treated virus exhibits multiplicity reactivation in L cells, closely resembling that experienced with the same virus after exposure to ultraviolet rays. These findings have come from observations of plaque titer, on the one hand, and virus particle aggregation (measured in the electron microscope), on the other. The titer of the treated virus is very sensitive to particle aggregation, increasing and decreasing in a reversible manner as the degree of clumping among the particles is changed. The magnitude of these changes is such that they must be considered in any situation involving plaque assay of the fraction of virus surviving treatment with nitrogen mustard.


Effect of resistance to chloramphenicol on bacteriophage sensitivity of group A streptococci. Several phage hosts of group A streptococci became resistant to lysis by bacteriophage as a consequence of having acquired the ability to grow in the presence of chloramphenicol. The phage was adsorbed to the streptococcal cell, and P(32)-labeling of the phage showed that the phage genome penetrated the chloramphenicol (CM)- resistant cells as it did the parent cells. However, artificial lysis of the infected CM-resistant cells with chloroform or enzymes revealed no intracellular mature phage particles. Lysates of infected CM-resistant cells contained no phage-related antigenic materials which possessed serum-blocking power, although they were readily detected in lysates of infected parent cells. The CM-resistant cells were not lysogenized by the phage. Only cells resistant to more than 10 mug/ml of chloramphenicol were resistant to phage, and this threshold effect was taken as an indication of at least two different loci of chloramphenicol resistance on the streptococcal genome. Strains resistant to high levels of other antibiotics, such as streptomycin and erythromycin, showed no resistance to lysis by phage. Evidence indicated that the mutant cells were deficient in an essential function associated with the phage genome.


Replication of bacteriophage ribonucleic acid: some physical properties of single-stranded, double-stranded, and branched viral ribonucleic acid. Replicative intermediate (RI) is considered to be the double-stranded ribo-nucleic acid (RNA) template for synthesis of viral RNA, with bound nascent single-stranded viral RNA. A theoretical description of RI is based on the analysis of a steady state of biopolymerization on a template which determines not only nucleotide sequence, but also chain length. The hydrodynamic properties of RI isolated from Escherichia coli infected with bacteriophage R17 are compared with those of RNA isolated from R17 (single-stranded RNA) and of replicative form (RF) isolated from E. coli infected with R17. RF is double-stranded RNA template without any single-stranded component. Whereas S for R17 RNA is a function of the ionic strength (Gamma/2) of the solvent, S is almost invariant with Gamma/2 for RF. By contrast S for RI lies between the sedimentation constants for R17 RNA and RF and S varies with Gamma/2 as does R17 RNA. The weight distribution of S for RI demonstrates the heterogeneity of this material, and the variation in the weight distribution with ionic strength demonstrates the duality of structure in RI. Using S and [eta], the Mw for RI is estimated to be 2.6 x 10(6) daltons, as compared with the theoretical value of 2.9 x 10(6) daltons.


Ribonucleic acid polymerase catalyzing synthesis of double-stranded arbovirus ribonucleic acid. The large-particle fraction from the cytoplasm of chick embryo fibroblasts infected with Semliki Forest virus was found to catalyze the incorporation of the 5'-triphosphates of guanosine, adenine, cytidine, and uridine into an acid-insoluble alkali-labile product. The conditions affecting the preparation and assay of this enzyme were investigated. The ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase was not present in uninfected cells, and it appeared in infected cells at the time of rapid viral RNA synthesis. The polymerase was found to catalyze the synthesis of a species of RNA which was resistant to ribonuclease and which exhibited the sedimentation properties, buoyant density, and thermal transition temperature of the double-stranded RNA found in vivo in chick cells infected with Semliki forest virus. Attempts to demonstrate that the reaction product of this enzyme also included single-stranded viral RNA were not successful. Although other interpretations are possible, these results give some support to the suggestion that more than one enzyme may be involved in the replication of viral RNA.


Agrobacterium tumefaciens Conn. IV. Bacteriophage PB21 and its inhibitory effect on tumor induction. Strain B2 of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Conn produces plaques when seeded against strain B6-806 of the same organism. From such a plaque, a highly virulent bacteriophage was obtained by use of D'Herelle's technique of selecting for virulent phage. On nutrient agar, this phage, PB2(1), produced large clear plaques which did not overgrow. Plaques produced on a glutamate medium and on White's plant tissue culture medium were even larger and in White's medium had a three-dimensional appearance. PB2(1) does not appear to be an oncogenic virus. To the contrary, the addition of phage under circumstances which insure mass lysis completely inhibited tumor initiation. Fewer than 10 phage particles present at the beginning of a 21-hr induction period were able, at times, to inhibit completely tumor induction by highly virulent bacteria (strain B6). The data lend further support to the concept that anything which interferes with the metabolic activity associated with the growth of the bacteria interferes with the tumor-inducing process. Attempts to use the phage to rid crown gall tissue of bacteria were unsuccessful.


Preliminary classification of viruses based on quantitative comparisons of viral nucleic acids. It is proposed that classifications used in science are of two main types; those which are designed to solve practical problems and which are based on conventions, and those which are designed to solve theoretical problems, based on theories, and in which the classes are tested by experiment. An attempt has been made to construct a preliminary classification of viruses which is of the second type. It is based on the theories of molecular biology, with the use of computer-based comparisons of the molecular weights and base ratios of viral nucleic acids to assign the viruses to clusters which show a high degree of correlation with groupings based on nucleic acid hybridization, serological cross-reactions, and phenotypic properties.


Properties of r mutants of bacteriophage T4 photodynamically induced in the presence of thiopyronin and psoralen. About 4 x 10(-4)r mutants were induced per lethal hit, a frequency characteristic of weak mutagens. Collections of mutants produced in the presence of either dye were indistinguishable in most of their properties. The rII mutants differed sharply from spontaneous mutants in their mutational spectra (fine scale map distribution) and their reversion responses to specific mutagens. Few or none of the induced mutants were induced to revert with proflavine (sign mutants; reading frame shift mutants). A majority were induced to revert with base analogues (base pair substitution mutants), and about half of these also responded to the hydroxymethylcytosine-specific agent hydroxylamine. A large minority of the mutants reverted spontaneously but failed to respond either to proflavine or to base analogues. We believe these mutants, as well as some of the mutants which did respond to base analogues, to be transversions (base pair substitutions which reverse the purine-pyrimidine orientation).


Electron microscopy of a plant-pathogenic virus in the nervous system of its insect vector. The central nervous system of wound tumor virus (WTV)-infected Agallia constricta was studied by electron microscopy to obtain information concerning the virus distribution in the nervous system. Wound tumor virions were mostly found in the cytoplasm of the ganglion cells and less frequently in the glial cells. WTV was occasionally observed in the perineurium cells, nerve axons, tracheoblasts, and lateral nerves. In the ganglion cells, virions appeared as individual isolated particles (V(1)), in tubular formation (V(2)), and occasionally in aggregates (V(3)). In the glial cells, the virions were mostly seen in the V(3) formation, and very seldom in the V(1) and V(2) formations. In the perineurium cells and tracheoblasts, only small V(3) formations were observed. The isolated virions were usually surrounded with polyribosomes, and often appeared around the foci of the viroplasm. Sometimes degenerating ganglion cells infected with the WTV were encountered. These damaged cells strongly indicated that WTV exerted a cytopathogenic effect on the nerve cells.


Intracellular synthesis of myxovirus neuraminidase in chick embryo cell monolayer culture. I. Neuraminidase activity, hemagglutinin synthesis, and content of cellbound sialic acid in Newcastle disease virus-infected cells. Neuraminidase (Nase) activity of chick embryo monolayer cell homogenates was determined by its rate of splitting of neuraminlactose, free neuraminic acid (NA) being determined by the thiobarbituric acid assay. Noninfected cells were found to have no detectable amount of Nase activity. Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-infected cells (multiplicity of infection, 20 to 75 plaque-forming units per cell) displayed a high level of Nase synthesis, the rate of synthesis being parallel to that of hemagglutinin (HA) synthesis (with a 1.5 hr delay in the latter). An "eclipse" of the Nase and HA activities associated with the virus that was adsorbed onto cells was observed. The data provide evidence that the Nase is not incorporated into the viral envelope from a pre-existing cell supply but that its synthesis is coded by the viral genome. The content of cell-bound sialic acid, determined simultaneously in infected-cell homogenates, showed characteristic features allowing certain conclusions concerning the renewal of NA-terminating cell receptors during the course of infection, and the intracellular action of the Nase of the virus introduced into cells by the inoculum and that of the newly synthesized Nase at different stages of infection.


Properties of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus accompanying attenuation in vitro. Virus obtained during serial plaque passage of the virulent parent egg seed (PES) of the Trinidad strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus produced only large plaques during either 3 serial plaque passages in chick fibroblasts or 10 plaque passages in L cells, and was lethal for mice by the intraperitoneal route. Virus showing these characteristics was designated the stable large-plaque (Ls) type. In contrast, virus obtained during serial plaque passage of the attenuated 9t strain in chick fibroblasts formed only very small plaques and was not lethal for mice by the intraperitoneal route. Virus showing these properties was designated the stable small-plaque (Ss) type. Under other passage conditions, however, large-plaque virus that yielded about 90% large and 10% small plaques was obtained; this virus was designated the unstable large or Lu type because it differed from the Ls type, which yielded only large plaques. The Lu type continued to yield the same ratio of large to small plaques for several plaque-to-plaque passages. In addition, small-plaque virus that yielded both large and small plaques and that showed a reduced capability to infect mice was also recovered. This virus was designated the unstable small or Su type because it differed from the Ss type in its higher level of virulence and in its plaque-forming properties. Thus, based upon the properties of virulence for mice and plaque size, four viral types could be discerned. The evidence suggests that serial passage in cell culture imposed environmental pressures that sequentially selected the following viral types: Ls, Lu, Su, and Ss.


Effect of interferon on deoxyribonuclease induction in chick fibroblast cultures infected with cowpox virus. An exonuclease which degrades native deoxyribonucleic acid at pH 9.2 was induced in chick embryo fibroblast cultures and in human amnion cells by infection with cowpox virus. Highly purified chick embryo interferon suppressed the induction of the enzyme in the homologous cell system but not in the human amnion cell cultures. "Mock" interferon prepared from uninfected chicken eggs and purified in the same manner as biologically active interferon preparations had no effect on the induction of the enzyme.


Properties of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus grown in vivo. One intracerebral passage of either the parent egg seed (PES) or an attenuated variant (10t) of the Trinidad strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus in young adult mice produced progeny that were no longer differentiated unequivocally on the basis of plaque size. Plaques averaging about 2 mm in diameter, which was somewhat smaller than those formed by the PES virus and larger than those of the 10t strain, were formed by both strains. Seven serial passages of the PES virus in mouse brain failed to alter its virulence appreciably. In contrast, passage in mouse brain progressively changed the properties of the attenuated 10t strain. A substrain was isolated that possessed virulence similar to that of the PES virus and formed small plaques similar to those of the 10t strain. These findings showed a unique dissociation between the plaque size and virulence of the 10t strain. The new substrain differed from the PES virus and the 10t strain in its capacity for growth in mouse tissues after intraperitoneal inoculation. The substrain multiplied poorly in splenic tissue, which supports growth of the PES and 10t strains, but grew to high titers in the brain, which does not support appreciable growth of the 10t strain.


Replication of bacteriophage ribonucleic acid: some properties of native and denatured replicative intermediate. Purified replicative form (RF) and replicative intermediate (RI) prepared from Escherichia coli cells infected with the ribonucleic acid (RNA) bacteriophage R17 were denatured with dimethyl sulfoxide at 37 C or in aqueous solvents of low ionic strength at 97 C. Denaturation was demonstrated for RF and RI by an increase in specific infectivity and a striking change in the hyperchromicity curves after treatment. RI denaturation was also demonstrated by a shift in the buoyant density in Cs(2)SO(4) from 1.619 to the buoyant density of single-stranded R17 RNA (1.627). Analysis of the denatured RI hyperchromicity curves and the equilibrium distributions of denatured RI in Cs(2)SO(4) gradients revealed, however, a residual double-stranded component. Velocity sedimentation of denatured RI was performed, and the weight distribution of S values was calculated. From the known relation between molecular weight and S values, it was possible to transform the weight distribution into a number distribution of chain lengths. This distribution was compared with that predicted from the steady-state hypothesis for RI. Deviations from the predicted distribution may be due to the residual double-stranded component.


Soluble antigens of vaccinia-infected mammalian cells. II. Time course of synthesis of soluble antigens and virus structural proteins. Virus-induced soluble antigens produced in mammalian cells after infection with vaccinia virus can be divided into two classes on the basis of molecular weight. Synthesis of the low molecular weight antigens begins early in the course of infection (1 to 2 hr), and is switched-off rather abruptly 4 to 5 hr after infection in a manner similar to that reported for the early enzymes characteristic of this same system. It was demonstrated, however, that these antigens do not include virus-induced thymidine kinase, a major virus-induced enzyme, nor is it likely that the low molecular weight antigens described here share identity with any of the virus-induced enzymes. A portion of the low molecular weight antigens appear to be incorporated into the structure of newly synthesized virus, probably as internal proteins. In contrast, synthesis of the high molecular weight antigen class is initiated later in the course of infection (4 to 5 hr), just prior to the appearance of newly synthesized virus. Antiserum directed specifically against virus structural proteins forms precipitin bands with all of the high molecular weight antigens recognizable by immunoelectrophoresis. This evidence, coupled with the observation that the high molecular weight antigen fraction elicits production of specific virus-neutralizing antibody, strongly suggests that this antigen class represents virus structural subunits produced in excess.


Structure and function of bacteriophage R17 replicative intermediate ribonucleic acid. II. Properties of the parental labeled molecule. Replicative intermediate ribonucleic acid (RNA), designated RI, which contained parental RNA labeled with (32)P was separated by filtration through agarose from the nucleic acids prepared from (32)P-labeled RNA phage-infected Escherichia coli. A larger amount of ribonuclease-sensitive parental label was found in the rapidly sedimenting forms of RI than in the slower sedimenting forms, indicating that parental RNA is displaced to form a single-stranded tail. This result indicates that some phage RNA is generated by asymmetric semiconservative replication of RI, but it does not mean that a portion of the RI duplexes cannot be conserved during generation of phage RNA. Parental RNA was also found in double-stranded RNA with no apparent tails which sedimented with an S value of 13. This RNA was soluble in 2 m NaCl, and its sedimentation rate was unaffected by ribonuclease; nevertheless, single-strand scissions were produced by ribonuclease and were detected after the duplex was converted to its component single strands.


Acridine sensitivity of bacteriophage T2H in Escherichia coli. Normally acridine-sensitive, Escherichia coli-T2H complexes are rendered acridine-resistant if the infecting bacteriophage mutant is either pr or q. If these pr or q mutants are treated to produce sensitive revertants, one obtains a mutation at any of several dye-sensitizing (ds) sites in the early enzyme region of the T2 map. The ds mutants are nonspecific suppressors because they reduce the resistance of complexes containing either pr or q to proflavine. The ds mutants are not identical in action, since some make pr or q sensitive to proflavine and quinacrine, and others, to proflavine alone. Two ds mutants have r to r(+) mutation patterns which differ, depending upon whether or not the ds is coupled with r7 (an rII mutant). The mutation patterns of r(+) to r are the same for both ds mutants and for wild type. We suggest that dye sensitization may consist of alterations of early enzymes so as to produce slightly different forms of deoxyribonucleic acid which are in turn dyesensitive.


Differential effect of polyamines on T4 morphogenesis. The 5-fluorouracil (5 FU) technique for the phenotypic reversion of amber mutants was used to demonstrate that under certain circumstances, in the presence of putrescine or spermidine, early mutants have an enhanced response to 5 FU, whereas late mutants have a delayed response. Bacteria infected by T4D wild-type bacteriophage did not produce phage in the presence of high putrescine concentrations. Pulse treatments with putrescine showed that the production of lysozyme depends on a putrescine-sensitive process that begins immediately after infection at 26 C and ends at 36 min or even later. The addition of putrescine at any time during the critical period between 0 and 36 min led to a corresponding delay in lysozyme synthesis after the inhibitor was removed. Intracellular phage maturation was delayed by the addition of 100 mumoles of putrescine per ml. Early enzymes were not affected by the diamine, but the level of phage deoxyribonucleic acid was considerably decreased by the inhibitor. The putrescine-sensitive process that affects the timing of maturation is suggested to be the natural process controlling the T4 "clock."


Metabolic properties of early and late vaccinia virus messenger ribonucleic acid. In vaccinia-infected cells, 60% of the viral messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was associated with polyribosomes, and the remainder sedimented in a broad peak in the 30 to 74S region. The quantity of mRNA in polyribosomes was sharply reduced late in the infectious cycle [9 hr postinfection (PI)] to less than 30% of the 2-hr value. However, protein synthesis proceeded at a nearly constant rate from 2 to 13 hr PI. This ability of small quantities of late mRNA to support as much protein synthesis as do the much larger quantities of early mRNA was not due to an increase in stability, since late mRNA decays with a half-life of 13 min, whereas early mRNA has a half-life of 120 min. A similar decrease in viral mRNA synthesis without an accompanying decrease in viral protein synthesis was observed when deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis is inhibited. In contrast to the rapid decay of the late mRNA which was present in polyribosomes, the mRNA which sedimented in the 30 to 74S region remained unchanged even after a 2-hr period of exposure to actinomycin. The rate at which infected cells lose the capacity to synthesize specific viral proteins after exposure to actinomycin D was consistent with the half-life values of early and late mRNA that were observed.


Selective gene transcription in bacteriophage T4 by putrescine. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) preparations from T4-infected cells formed in the presence or absence of putrescine have been characterized and compared. Hybrid competition experiments indicate that these mRNA molecules are derived from distinct genetic loci. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that putrescine might control differential transcription of the phage genome during morphogenesis. The data are also in accord with previously observed changes in the population of mRNA formed at different times after infection.


Morphology of deoxyribonucleic acid extracted from cores of vaccinia virus.


Characteristics of Tphi3, a bacteriophage for Bacillus stearothermophilus. A bacteriophage (Tphi3) which infects the thermophilic bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus ATCC 8005 was isolated and characterized. Infection of the bacterium by the bacteriophage was carried out at 60 C, the optimal growth temperature of the host. At 60 C, the phage had a latent period of 18 min and a burst size of about 200. The phage was comparatively thermostable in broth. The halflife of Tphi3 was 400 min at 60 C, 120 min at 65 C, 40 min at 70 C, and 12 min at 75 C. The activation energy for the heat inactivation of Tphi3 was 56,000 cal. The buoyant density of Tphi3 in a cesium chloride density gradient was 1.526 g/ml. Electron micrographs of Tphi3 indicate that the phage has a head that is 57 mmu long. The dimensions and shape of the head are compatible with those of a regular icosahedron. Each edge of the head is 29 mmu long. The tail of Tphi3 is 125 mmu long and 10 mmu wide. There are about 30 cross-striations that are spaced at 3.9-mmu intervals along the tail. Under the conditions investigated, Tphi3 adsorbed slowly to the host. Only 2.8% of the phage adsorbed in 10 min at 60 C, the normal incubation temperature that was used. Tphi3 was not infective to four other thermophilic strains or to two mesophilic strains of bacteria.


Separation of two types of viral inclusion bodies by isopycnic centrifugation.


The lipid components of the smooth-surfaced membrane-bounded vesicles of the columnar cells of the rat intestinal epithelium during fat absorption.


Plastic surgery and the public offender.


Behavior settings may afect rehab client.


Fingers fly--and everybody benefits.

Fingers fly--and everybody benefits.


Dependence: definitions and strategies.

Dependence: definitions and strategies.


American PT visits India hospitals.

American PT visits India hospitals.


Recent metropolitan population growth in Canada.


Comparison of corn, wheat, and milo in turkey diets.


Management of acute leukemia in adults with combination drug therapy: a preliminary report.


Folic acid and pregnancy: preface.

Folic acid and pregnancy: preface.


Rubella cataracts. Further clinical and virologic observations.


Contribution of aromatic residue interactions to the stability of myoglobin. II. Enhancement by aromatic compounds of the rate of urea denaturation.


The effect of development and hydrocortisone on tryptophan oxygenase, formamidase, and tyrosine aminotransferase in the livers of young rats.


Evidence for binding of rose bengal and anilinonaphthalenesulfonates at the active site regions of liver alcohol dehydrogenase.


The synthesis of triaminoacyl-insulins and the use of the t-butyloxycarbonyl group for the reversible blocking of the amino groups of insulin.


Inactivation of dry ribonuclease by ionizing radiation. I. Search for the breakage of sulfur bridges.


Inactivation of dry ribonuclease by ionizing radiation. II. A suggested mechanism.


Further evidence for a dual, independent, activity against trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin of inhibitor AA from soybeans.


A study of conformational transitions in proteins by the pulsed NMR method.


The deepest shadows.

The deepest shadows.


Monarticular brucellar arthritis in children.


N-carboxy-anhydrides derived from threo- and erythro-beta-hydroxy-aspartic acids and poly-beta-methyl hydrogen threo-beta-methoxyl-DL-aspartate.


6-phenylazocholest-5-en-3-beta-ol: the so-called 3-beta, 5alpha-dihydroxycholestan-6-one phenylhydrazone.


6-phenylazocholestane derivatives: reassignment of the structures of products from phenylhydrazine and ozonised cholesterol derivatives.


1-phenethylisoquinoline alkaloids. 1. Structure and synthesis of (-)-melanthioidine, a bisphenethylisoquinoline alkaloid.


The photolysis of N-2,4-dinitrophenylamino-acids to give 2-substituted 6-nitrobenzimidazole 1-oxides.


Steroids. 8. Cholesta-1,3-5-trien-7-one and its dimer.


Some basic and acidic derivatives of 2,5-dihydro-1H-1-benzazepine as potential therapeutic agents.


Alkaloid biosynthesis. X. Terminal steps in the biosynthesis of the morphine alkaloids.


Synthesis of some 12-oxygenated derivatives of oestradiol.


Alkaloids od Daphnandra species. VII. Chemical evidence for the structure of repanduline.


New methods in peptide synthesis. V. On alpha- and gamma-diphenylmethyl and phenacyl esters of L-glutamic acid.


Alkaloids of Daphnandra species. 8. The structure of repanduline. The evidence based on mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance.


Alkaloids of Daphnandra species. IX. Synthesis of (+)-hemirepanduline, the recemate of a degradation product of repanduline.


Effects of ethanol and pentobarbital on release of acetylcholine from cerebral cortex slices.


In vitro interactions of the new anorexic agent WY-5244 with cardiac and vascular tissue and with adrenergic mechanisms.


Studies on thelaziasis of cattle. 3. Therazia rhodesi (Desmarest, 1827) Railliet et Henry 1910 in Japan.


Teratogenic action of hypoxia under normal atmospheric pressure.


Effect of dietary conditions upon serum-and milk-urea nitrogen in cows. II. Effect of low energy diets.


The right to treatment.

The right to treatment.


Problems in articulatory research: methodology and error.


Pathoanatomic alterations in the aged.

Pathoanatomic alterations in the aged.


Biplane cineangiographic determinations of left ventricular function: pressure-volume relationships.


Blood-parasites in cattle, sheep and goats in Northern Nigeria.


Observations on the use of T1 broth culture vaccine in the control of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.


Pasteurellosis in Kenya goats due to Pasteurella haemolytica.


Field vector studies of epizootic East Coast fever. 3. Pasture ecology in relation to R. appendiculatus infestation rates on cattle.


Effects of chloramphenicol on the development of the zebrafish, Brachydanio rerio.


A survey of brucellosis in game animals in Rhodesia.


The effects of temperature upon pancreatic amylase in selected reptiles and an amphibian.


Endocrine-induced regression of cancers.


Influence of a papilloma vaccine on chronic bovine enzootic hematuria.


The influence of dexamethasone on adipose tissue metabolism in vitro.


Effect of exteriorization of the sheep fetus on its cardiovascular function.


The effects of oestrogen, progesterone and prolactin on brood patch formation in ovariectomized canaries.


Tolbutamide and the incorporation of [3H]leucine into insulin in vitro.


[Studies on muscle relaxants and their antagonists. VI. The mode of muscle relaxant action of a monoguanidino compound].


[Analysis of mixed drugs by mass spectrometry. VII. Analysis of antifebrile. 3. High-resolution mass spectra of phenacetin, pyrinazine and 4-aminosalicylic acid].


Line tension and the penetration of a cell membrane by an oil drop.


Reactions peculiar to transurethral resection of the prostate.


Norton RH, Malone LW, Lim C: Pathomechanics of microcirculatory changes in trauma and shock.


Experiences with radioisotope renography in children.


Lead poisoning in Canada geese in Delaware.


Changes in skin temperature during the first minute of life as signs of circulatory transition at birth.


Classification of protein-calorie undernutrition in children.


Isoniazid toxicosis in ducklings--studies on pyridoxine, niacin, glutamic acid, and arginine supplementation.


Pathogenesis of Markek's disease (Connecticut A isolate).


Naturally occurrine salmonella in "blackbirds" and gulls.


Report of the AAAP-sponsored leukosis workshop.


Marek's disease. I. Propagation of the Connecticut A (Conn-A) isolate in chicks.


Summary. Principal poultry diseases diagnosed North Central Poultry Disease Conference Area 1966.


Report.

Report.


Acanthatrium (Acanthatrium) tatrense sp.n. (Digenea, Lecithodendriidae)--the first representative of the genus Acanthatrium Faust 1919 in Europe.


A method for investigating children's understanding of certain logical connectives used in binary propositional thinking.


Conception control in family planning.

Conception control in family planning.


A review of tuberculin testing of cattle in Barbados.


A case of procine endocarditis associated with Staphylococcus aureus.


Disseminated intravascular coagulation in mink.


Emaciation in calves fed artificial diets.


Scalene lymph nodes in necropsies of malignant tumors. Analysis of one hundred sixty-six cases.


Effect of plasma from patients with carcinoma on in vitro lymphocyte transformation.


Intra-articular injection of 6 alpha-methyl, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone acetate in tarsal hydrarthrosis (bog spavin) in the horse.


The use of an internal pacemaker in a horse with Adams-Stokes syndrome.


Porcine strongyloidosis treatment and control.


Incidence of spontaneous diseases in a Beagle colony.


Esophagomyotomy (Heller's) for relief of esophageal achalasia in three dogs.


What is your diagnosis?

What is your diagnosis?


Case records of the Angell Memorial Animal Hospital.


The biological behavior of canine mammary neoplasms.


Neoplasms of the canine uterus, vagina, and vulva: a clinicopathologic survey of 90 cases.


Incidence of spontaneous neoplasms in beagles.


Cystic liver and persistent urachus in a cat.


Ovarian neoplasms in swine.

Ovarian neoplasms in swine.


Bovine tuberculosis eradication in Wisconsin.


Necrosis of the third tarsal bone of the horse.


Clinico-pathologic conference from the School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania.


Diaphragmatic defects in cattle.

Diaphragmatic defects in cattle.


Genetic resistance to ostertagiasis and haemonchosis in lambs.


Incidence of listeriosis in Pennsylvania livestock.


Anthelmintic activity of thiabendazole in feed compared with phenothiazine orally in Mississippi lambs.


Possible "self cure" mechanism in ovine ostertagiasis.


Abortion of the bitch the n-desacetyl thiocolchicine.


Clinical electroretinography in dogs.

Clinical electroretinography in dogs.


Report of the panel for the Symposium on Immunity to the Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex.


Thrombocytopenic purpura following the administration of attenuated live measles vaccine.


Percutaneous renal biopsy in the dog and cat.


Influenza as a world health problem.

Influenza as a world health problem.


Aedes canadensis (Theobald) feeding on Blanding's turtle.


Canine vaginal cytology. I. Technique and cytological morphology.


Mechanical responses generated by alternating current in the frog skeletal muscle.


Canine vaginal cytology. II. Cyclic changes.


The treatment of lungworm disease in the cat with tetramisole.


Canine vaginal cytology. 3. Compilation and evaluation of cellular indices.


Aspects of canine renal pathology.

Aspects of canine renal pathology.


Interpretation of laboratory aids.

Interpretation of laboratory aids.


Some biochemical aspects of urology in the dog.


Electron microscopic investigation of the regenerating hepatic cells of the senile rat.


Subnormality in perspective. 3. What can be done?


Drug addiction.

Drug addiction.


Subnormality in perspective. 6. The hospital.


Glucose in the neonatal period.

Glucose in the neonatal period.


Immunization program under the Vaccination Assistance Act.


A comparison of mediatinoscopy and scalene node biopsy.


The value of cinefluoroscopy in respiratory problems of children.


Pasteurella multocida in animal bites of humans.


Hypomagnesaemic tetany in cattle. II. Preventive measures.


A comparison of conduit and reservoir methods of urinary diversion.


Diversion of the urine in the neurogenic bladder.


Fungi in the upper digestive and respiratory tract of hens (Gallus domesticus).


Vitamin A in the liver and kidney of some Felidae.


Blood transfusion and red cell survival in dizygotic cattle twins.


Infant care in Canadian Indian homes.

Infant care in Canadian Indian homes.


Postdrinking interviews with alcoholic patients.


The preferential cleavage of the beta-ester linkage of egg yolk lecithin by treatment with alkoxides and laurylamine.


The effects of diet on reproduction in pigs, sheep and cattle. V. Plane of nutrition in cattle.


Effects of ultra-rapid freezing on the muscle of cod.


Primary chorionepithelioma of the ovary in a girl aged 15 years.


The use of radiation therapy in gynecologic malignancy.


Paramyotonia congenita.

Paramyotonia congenita.


The isolation and identification of 11-cyclohexylundecanoic acid from sheep perinephric fat.


A case of the Adams-Stokes syndrome with bilateral bundle branch block.


The field investigation for acatalasemic gene carriers.


Studies on drug diabetes. 9. Magnesium and carbohydrate metabolism.


Analytical research of acute alcoholic intoxication.


The ultrastructure of the parathyroid glands and thyroid parafollicular cells of cows with parturient paresis and hypocalcemia.


Laser coagulation of the retina.

Laser coagulation of the retina.


To be a judge of charcter. II.

To be a judge of charcter. II.


A comparison of steroid hormone concentrations in human tissues including breast cancer.


Galactogogue effect of Asparagus racemosus. Preliminary communication.


Population and the need for its control.


The structure and configuration of "neutral plasmalogens".


Hydrazinolysis of some purines and pyrimidines and their related nucleosides and nucleotides.


Histochemical investigations of argyrophilic fibres.


State of Maine Department of Health and Welfare Services for aging reports to you.


New methods in peptide synthesis. IV. N--S transfer of N-o-nitrophenylsulphenyl groups in cysteine peptides.


Comparative study on decontamination of mixed feeds by radicidation and by pelletisation.


A possible mechano-receptor in the cardiac muscle of the  rabbit.


The effects of acute dehydration upon cardio-respiratory endurance.


In vitro "lipid" metabolism in the developing human foetus.


Stimulation of egg laying: possible neuroendocrine function of bag cells of abdominal ganglion of Aplysia californica.


Competitive inhibition of histochemical substrates for glycosidases.


The development of vagal innervation of the bovine stomach.


Antecedents to behavior fixations.

Antecedents to behavior fixations.


Functional status of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system after two weeks' administration of adrenalin and insulin in rats under continuous influence of ethanol.


Hematology of the ursidae.

Hematology of the ursidae.


Physiology of the fetal larynx and lung.


Molecular genetics of avian proteins. 8. Egg white proteins of the migratory quail, Coturnix coturnix--new concepts of "hybrid vigour".


Electrolytes in frog skin secretions.

Electrolytes in frog skin secretions.


The energy relations of Carassius auratus L. 3. Growth and the overall balance of energy.


Nocturnal hypothermia in the Inca dove, Scardafella inca.