The action of 5-hydroxytryptamine and some of its antagonists on the umbilical vessels of the human placenta. The vasoconstrictor action of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the human placental preparation is about 10 times stronger than that of adrenaline and is antagonized by anti-adrenaline compounds like phentolamine. Both 5-HT and adrenaline are antagonized by yohimbine and chlorpromazine. Specific and strong anti-5-HT action is demonstrated for lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and tryptamine. Both LSD and tryptamine in larger doses have a vasoconstrictor action. Mescaline has no certain modifying effect on the action of 5-HT, but itself causes vasoconstriction in large doses. The antihistamine drug phenbenzamine in histamine blocking doses abolishes the action of 5-HT in half the preparations tested. The ganglionic blocking agent trimetaphan in large doses antagonizes the action of 5-HT added subsequently, and also, to a lesser degree, the effect of adrenaline. Hexamethonium and tetraethylammonium bromides are ineffective in this preparation. No certain modifying action of reserpine on subsequently added 5-HT could be demonstrated, and the same was true for heparin even in very high concentrations.


The adrenaline and noradrenaline content of the adrenal gland of the cat following depletion by acetylcholine. This paper describes the attempts that were made to obtain a replacement of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal gland of the atropinized cat, subsequent to the depletion of the gland by repeated intravenous doses of acetylcholine. In the anaesthetized animal, there was no replacement of adrenal amines within 15 hours of the depletion. The further loss of amine that occurred during this time was prevented by the de nervation of the gland. If the animal was allowed to recover from the anaesthetic there was some replacement of amines within 2 to 3 days, provided that the condition of the animal was satisfactory. By 6 to 7 days the total amine content had returned to its initial level, but there was now an alteration in the relative proportions of the two amines. Although the adrenaline was still well below the resting level, the noradrenaline was several times its initial value. By one month, the noradrenaline had decreased and the adrenaline had increased to their initial amounts and proportions. Thus this work gives evidence for the formation of adrenaline from noradrenaline.


The release of adrenaline and noradrenaline from the adrenal gland of the cat by acetylcholine. The adrenal glands of atropinized cats were depleted of their content of adrenaline and noradrenaline by repeated intravenous doses of acetylcholine. In each experiment there was a similar percentage loss of both amines. This was irrespective of the degree of depletion, which ranged from 7.1% to 86.5%. In some experiments, adrenal blood was collected and it was found that the percentage of noradrenaline in the adrenal venous effluent (mean 62.0%) was similar to that in the amine lost from the depleted gland (mean 63.7%). In some experiments, the adrenaline and noradrenaline lost from the gland could be recovered quantitatively in the adrenal blood. The results indicate that, under these experimental conditions, synthesis is not taking place concurrently with the liberation of amines or that it is taking place so slowly as not to be detected.


A comparison of the local effects of various intramuscular injections in the rat. A method is described for the assessment of the local reaction produced by intramuscular injections. This method involves the histological examinations of the injection site after injection of material into the hamstring muscles of the rat. The results obtained with both aqueous and oily materials are described; the correlation of these results with clinical observations in man is discussed.


The antituberculous activity of ethyl thiolesters with particular reference to diethyl dithiolisophthalate. Diethyl dithiolisophthalate exerts an antituberculous effect in mice comparable to that of isoniazid and streptomycin. It is effective when given in single doses, and against isoniazidresistant strains. It is most active when given subcutaneously either by injection or by absorption through the skin. Drug resistance has been demonstrated in mice, and isoniazid is active against such strains. The effects of this and other ethyl thiolesters are antagonized by their methyl analogues.


Phramacological properties of esters of 1-alkyl-2-hydroxyalkylpyrrolidine and their quaternary derivatives. A series of esters of 1-alkyl-2-hydroxyalkylpyrrolidine and their quaternary derivatives have been shown to possess significant anti-acetylcholine activity. The benzilic acid esters were the most active, followed by xanthene-9-carboxylic acid, fluorene-9-carboxylic acid and diphenylacetic acid esters in that order. The quaternary derivatives were more active than their corresponding tertiary compounds both in vivo and in vitro. The most active compound of the series tested in vivo was (1-methylpyrrolid-2-yl)methyl benzilate methiodide and was as potent as atropine. There was a progressive decrease in anti-acetylcholine activity and a proportional increase in local anaesthetic activity as the number of carbon atoms was increased from 1 to 3 in the pyrrolidyl side-chain of the tertiary salts of the benzilic acid ester series. Likewise increasing the size of the group on the nitrogen atom led to a decrease in anti-acetylcholine activity and an increase in local anaesthetic activity. Quaternization of the tertiary salts resulted in a loss of local anaesthetic activity. Most of the compounds tested possessed some antihistamine properties, while papaverine-like activity was confined to the tertiary salts only. No significant neuromuscular blocking activity was evident.


Protection against the lethal effects of organophosphates by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide. The mechanism responsible for the protection against lethal organophosphate poisoning by pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide (P-2-AM) was studied in the mouse. Two types of organophosphates were used: ethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP), E 600, Ro 3-0340, and Ro 3-0422 which form with true cholinesterase a diethylphosphoryl enzyme (1) and DFP, D 600, and Ro 3-0351 which form with true cholinesterase a diisopropylphosphoryl enzyme (2).In vitro and under the experimental conditions used more than 50% reactivation of (1) was obtained within 1 hr. by concentrations of P-2-AM ranging from 0.5 to 1x10(-5) M; 30 times higher concentrations of the oxime were required to achieve the same effect with (2). In vivo reactivation of phosphorylated true cholinesterases in blood amounted to 10 to 24% within the first 30 min. if 25 mg./kg. P-2-AM was injected (i.p.) 5 min. before a sublethal dose of TEPP, E 600, Ro 3-0340, or Ro 3-0422 and reactivation reached a maximum within 1 to 2 hr. after the injection of the oxime. P-2-AM was more effective when given 30 min. after the organophosphate. The effect of 25 mg./kg. P-2-AM on the phosphorylated true cholinesterase in brain (experiments with TEPP and E 600) was negligible. A dose of 25 mg./kg. P-2-AM had no consistent effect on the phosphorylated true cholinesterases in blood and brain of mice injected with sublethal doses of DFP, D 600, or Ro 3-0351.The protection by 25 mg./kg. P-2-AM against lethal doses of TEPP, E 600, Ro 3-0422, and Ro 3-0340 was greater than that obtained with 50 mg./kg. atropine sulphate, but the degree of protection was determined by the organophosphate itself and not its dialkylphosphoryl group. Protection by 25 mg./kg. P-2-AM against lethal doses of DFP, D 600, and Ro 3-0351 was negligible. The antidotal effect of P-2-AM was potentiated by atropine. Mice which were injected with atropine and P-2-AM were protected to a greater extent against DFP than against Ro 3-0422, and protection against DFP was only slightly less than protection against TEPP. This is difficult to reconcile with a specific action of P-2-AM on phosphorylated cholinesterases.


Action of anaphylactic shock and anaphylatoxin on mast cells and histamine in rats. Anaphylactic shock in rats produces disruption of mast cells. These cells are also disrupted when rat mesentery is incubated with antigen in vitro. The plasma histamine reaches a maximum about 5 min. after injection of the antigen. Though antihistamines protect rats against anaphylactic shock, they do not prevent mast cell disruption. Previous depletion by compound 48/80 of the histamine bound to the mast cells prevents anaphylactic shock and the increase in plasma histamine. Anaphylatoxin produces no mast cell alterations or plasma histamine increase, and thus does not seem to act as a histamine-releasing agent in rats. Probably nearly all the histamine liberated in anaphylaxis in rats comes from the mast cells.


The effects of mecamylamine in the cat as modified by the administration of carbon dioxide. A series of cats, anaesthetized with chloralose, was given intravenously a sufficient quantity of mecamylamine to produce hypotension and a 50% neuromuscular block. Inhalation of carbon dioxide then produced a further depression of blood pressure and an increase in the neuromuscular blocking effect. It was shown that, following the administration of carbon dioxide, the plasma mecamylamine levels increased coincident with the increased pharmacological effects.


The toxicity of diaminodiphenoxyalkanes. Representative members of a series of schistosomicidal diaminodiphenoxyalkanes were examined for their toxic effects in laboratory animals. Primary amino-derivatives were, in general, more toxic than secondary methylamino-compounds; tertiary compounds were less toxic than either. Large doses given by mouth or by injection to mice or rabbits produced intravascular haemolysis; the haemoglobin and erythrocyte counts began to increase again about a week after the dose. Mice which had been given large doses of diaminodiphenoxyalkanes developed symmetrical bald patches 2 to 3 weeks after treatment. The exposed skin appeared normal and new fur grew to cover the hairless areas in about 6 weeks. Large doses of drug delayed water diuresis in mice.Many compounds of the series caused visual impairment when given to cats. In order to obtain a quantitative assessment of retinotoxic potency, a method was devised in which the ability of the retina of the frog to resynthesize rhodopsin was measured in treated and control animals. Compounds that produced blindness in cats also inhibited rhodopsin synthesis in frogs; the most toxic compounds were primary amines. Treatment with some tertiary amines caused retinal damage if the drugs were given for long periods. Diaminodiphenoxyalkanes may perhaps interfere in some way with the biological activity of vitamin A. However, toxic effects on the hair and retina were not prevented by supplements of synthetic or natural vitamin A.


The effects of nicotine, hexamethonium and ethanol on the secretion of the antidiuretic and oxytocic hormones of the rat. The actions of nicotine, hexamethonium, and ethanol on the hypothalamo-hypophysial system have been investigated in the rat. The antidiuretic action of nicotine was not inhibited by ethanol, nor by doses of hexamethonium which were sufficient to block both its pressor and convulsant actions. Hexamethonium itself had an antidiuretic action the mechanism of which has been investigated. Nicotine caused a release of oxytocin into the blood which was not blocked by ethanol nor significantly reduced by hexamethonium. The results suggest that any synapse which exists at the supraoptic nuclei is dissimilar in its pharmacological properties to synapses at autonomic ganglia.


The effect of human plasma on the glucose uptake of the rat diaphragm before and after administration of carbutamide. The glucose uptake of the rat diaphragm has been determined in the presence of the plasma of young volunteers before and after administration of carbutamide without and with added insulin. The increase in the glucose uptake of the rat diaphragm due to the added plasma above that in the medium alone has been termed plasma effect. The increase in the glucose uptake of the rat diaphragm with plasma and added insulin above that with only insulin in the medium has been termed plasma+insulin effect. There was a significant increase in the plasma effect and the plasma+insulin effect after carbutamide administration. The increase in the plasma+insulin effect was significantly greater than the increase in the plasma effect. From these observations it has been suggested that carbutamide potentiates the action of insulin peripherally. Observed facts about carbutamide do not contradict this mechanism of action.


The effect of methylpentynol in man.

The effect of methylpentynol in man. Administration of methylpentynol to human subjects depressed their autonomic reactions to a difficult motor task and impaired their performance. Hexobarbitone affected neither autonomic reactions nor performance, though it impaired hand steadiness. The results suggest that the modes of action of methylpentynol and of hexobarbitone are different.


The ethyleneiminium ion as the active species in 2-haloalkylamine compounds. Certain 2-haloethylamine compounds which exert antagonism to adrenaline and noradrenaline of the type shown by dibenamine have been examined. The compounds were N-ethyl-N-chlorobenzyl-2-chloroethylamine hydrochlorides in which the Cl is in the p-, o-, and m- positions of the benzene ring, and the three related ethyleneiminium picrylsulphonates. In addition the Cl- and Br- compounds of the N-ethyl-N-9-fluorenyl-2-haloethylamine hydrohalide series were examined. For the haloethylamines, a curve was provided which showed the relation between probable production and decay of ethyleneiminium ion in neutralized solution with time. A correlation was established between the shape of this curve and the curve relating anti-adrenaline and anti-noradrenaline activity of samples of solutions of these compounds treated in an identical way. The relation to antagonism of histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine was not so exact and varied with species.The ethyleneiminium ions of the three chlorobenzyl compounds exerted a typical long-lasting non-competitive antagonism to the pressor actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline. They also antagonized the effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine and histamine on blood pressure. The ED50 of the ion when administered as ethyleneiminium picrylsulphonate was always less than the ED50 of the same ion when administered in the form of 2-haloethylamine. There was, therefore, a variable loss of effective ion during transformation in vivo. The observations throw some light on the importance of the substituent groups on the nitrogen atom for effectiveness. It is concluded from these results and a discussion of other work that 2-haloethylamine compounds form an ethyleneiminium ion in neutral solution, which is the pharmacologically active species in effective compounds. It is a necessary but not a sufficient condition that a molecule should be an alkylating agent for this type of antagonism to be present, but the importance of the substituent groups on the N atom is equally great because not all ethyleneiminium ions are effective antagonists.


The antidiuretic action of 5-hydroxytryptamine in cats in relation to the production of certain chemoreflexes. In cats lightly anaesthetized with cnloralose, small (5 to 50 mug./kg.) intravenous doses of 5-hydroxytryptamine temporarily reduced the flow of urine into the bladder in addition to causing reflex falls of blood pressure and heart rate and temporary arrest of breathing. Doses of phenyl diguanide and other aryl diguanides, the reflex effects of which on blood pressure and respiratory movement approximately matched those of 5-hydroxytryptamine, had comparatively little antidiuretic effect. Phenyl diguanide, unlike 5-hydroxytryptamine (tested previously under similar conditions), did not have an antidiuretic effect in hydrated mice in doses of 0.05, 1, and 2.5 mg./kg. subcutaneously. It is concluded that the reflex depressor action of 5-hydroxytryptamine plays little part in reducing urinary output.


The antagonism of the vascular effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine by BOL 148 and sodium salicylate in the human subject. 2-Bromo-(+)-lysergic acid diethylamide (BOL 148) is a specific antagonist of the constrictor response of the forearm and hand blood vessels to intra-arterial infusions of 5-hydroxytryptamine. This has been shown to be a direct action in the tissue concerned, since the antagonism was as effective when the drug was given by local arterial injection as when given intravenously. Sodium salicylate is also a specific antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine, but its action is indirect, occurring only when the general serum level was raised above 10 or 20 mg.%; local limb concentrations of 30 to 40 mg.% had no antagonistic effect. The mechanism of the antagonistic effect of salicylate is not known. It is not related to the associated hyperventilation but is possibly due to the secondary release of, or synergism with, some other substance, probably a hormone.


The effects of anticholinesterases on the bronchioles and pulmonary blood vessels in isolated perfused lungs of the dog. The effects of two potent inhibitors of cholinesterase, isopropylmethylphosphonofluoridate (sarin) and ethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP), were investigated on the bronchioles and pulmonary blood vessels in isolated dog lung preparations perfused with heparinized blood and ventilated artificially. These anticholinesterases caused gradual bronchoconstriction as indicated by a diminution in tidal air volume, a reduction in compliance and an increase in expiratory resistance. These effects were antagonized by atropine. An increase in pulmonary vascular resistance occurred which was enhanced by the addition of small quantities of acetylcholine to the perfusing blood. The pulmonary vascular effects of acetylcholine, sarin and TEPP were prevented and abolished by atropine. Evidence is presented which suggests that the site of action of these anticholinesterases is, at least in part, peripheral to the autonomic ganglia.


The oxidation of cystamine and homocystamine by mammalian enzymes. The oxidative deamination of cystamine and homocystamine by mammalian oxidases has been studied. The histaminase of pig kidney oxidizes homocystamine much more slowly than cystamine. The amine oxidase of mammalian liver (guinea-pig, rabbit) oxidizes homocystamine more rapidly than cystamine. Both amines are oxidized by plasma (or serum) of ruminants (ox, sheep, goat) and of the horse. In the enzymatic oxidation of homocystamine both aminogroups are removed; there is no evidence that a ring compound analogous to cystaldimine is accumulating.


Metabolic and other effects of reserpine upon smooth and skeletal muscle. Reserpine increased the concentration of potassium ions in the fluid bathing the isolated frog sartorius muscle. The effect of reserpine upon respiration and upon glycolysis in rabbit intestinal muscle has been investigated using the Warburg "Direct" method. After a latent period, reserpine (50 mug./ml.) depressed respiration but did not affect glycolysis in gut muscle. These results, together with previous observations, may point to an effect of reserpine upon carbohydrate metabolism.


Detection and measurement of antagonism to folic acid. Methods of testing competitive antagonism in bacterial systems are considered and evaluated with particular reference to antifolic acids. Four antifolic acids-pteridine O/129, methotrexate, CB2295 and CB2335-were examined for competitiveness and potency in three test systems-Leuc. citrovorum and folinic acid, Str. faecalis and folinic acid, and Str. faecalis and pteroylglutamic acid. For comparison, phenol and formaldehyde were studied in the Leuc. citrovorum and folinic acid system. Interpretation of results was based on families of log. concentration/growth curves obtained in each system in the presence and absence of each antagonist. These curves were usually simple sigmoids. From these families of curves, pA values were derived and reciprocal growth/reciprocal concentration curves were drawn. Pteridine O/129 was fully competitive in all systems, while methotrexate was fully competitive in the Str. faecalis and folinic acid system, but did not give simple sigmoids in the other two systems. CB2295 showed some competitive features in all and CB2335 in the two systems in which it was active. It is concluded that the methods adopted, based on those used in vertebrate pharmacology, provide a stringent test of competitiveness in bacterial systems.


Intraventricular administration of reserpine and its metabolites to conscious cats. Intraventricular injection of reserpine in conscious cats produced relaxation of the nictitating membrane, miosis with narrowing of the palpebral fissure to a slit, avoidance of light, diarrhoea, anorexia, and tranquillization. Equivalent doses of trimethoxybenzoic acid, reserpic acid or methylreserpate separately or in combination did not produce such effects, indicating that these reserpine metabolites were not involved in these reserpine actions. 5-Hydroxytryptamine alone or in combination with subthreshold doses of reserpine also did not duplicate the effects observed after effective doses of reserpine. The possible central sites of reserpine action are discussed.


The concentration of adrenaline in the plasma of rabbits treated with reserpine. Doses of 1 to 2.3 mg./kg. of reserpine given intravenously to rabbits raised the plasma adrenaline. The noradrenaline concentrations were too near the threshold of the method to decide whether any alterations followed the injection of reserpine. Control experiments, in which blood samples were taken from rabbits but no drug was given, showed only a very slight rise in adrenaline concentration after the first bleeding.


The effect of diisopropyl fluorophosphonate on the sensitivity of rats to centrally acting drugs. The effect of a previous injection of an anticholinesterase, dyflos, on the sensitivity of rats to two centrally acting drugs, pentobarbitone and leptazol, has been measured. The sensitivity was determined at 12 and 35 days after birth and in full-grown animals. Though the dose of dyflos was of the order of two-thirds of the LD50, it did not affect the sensitivity of the young animals to sodium pentobarbitone and leptazol administered 20 hours later. The full-grown animals which had received dyflos in arachis oil were more sensitive to sodium pentobarbitone than litter mates which had received an injection of arachis oil only; this difference was significant at the 0.1% level. The dyflos treatment did not significantly affect the sensitivity to leptazol.


On the physiological basis of adaptation of the disabled.


Rehabilitation following coronary occlusion.


Psychological treatment of physically handicapped young people.


Rehabilitation in poliomyelitis; experience of 120 in-patients.


The importance of noise hazards.

The importance of noise hazards.


Individual differences in intentional and incidental learning.


Previous knowledge and memory.

Previous knowledge and memory.


Rubella deaf children: a Rorschach study employing Munroe inspection technique.


Measures of subjective probability: estimates of success in performance in relation to size of task.


The qualitative investigation of intelligence.


The solving of three-term series problems.


The influence of extraneous stimulation on the reaction time of schizophrenics.


The boundaries between the person and the world: a note on the paper by Gardner Murphy.


The pelvi-ureteric junction.

The pelvi-ureteric junction.


Radiation cancer: a review with special reference to radiation tumours in the pharynx, larynx, and thyroid.


Pyelo-ureteritis cystica.

Pyelo-ureteritis cystica.


Ionizing radiation and the socially handicapped.


Measured dose distributions in arc and rotation therapy: a critical comparison of moving and fixed field techniques.


Axillary artery thrombosis in muscualar dystrophy.


The effect of field size on the dose to the patient in diagnostic radiology.


Case report; oesophageal laceration following remote trauma.


An improved apparatus for aortography with simultaneous bilateral arteriography of the lower extremities.


An apparatus for serial angiography.

An apparatus for serial angiography.


A cineradiographic study of bottle feeding.


The elementary particles of nature; Sylvanus Thompson Memorial Lecture, 1957.


Vertebral arteriography using the Sheldon needle and modifications of it.


Advanced abdominal pregnancy; its radiological diagnosis.


A study of basic external radiation treatment techniques with the aid of automatic computing machines.


A method of correction for extrathyroidal radioactivity.


Endobronchial Hodgkin's disease.

Endobronchial Hodgkin's disease.


Rupture of the sigmoid colon in a newborn infant with imperforate anus.


Choledochoduodenal fistula due to duodenal ulceration.


Radon yield from luminescent paints.

Radon yield from luminescent paints.


An isotope dispenser.

An isotope dispenser.


CINE-CYSTOSCOPY.

CINE-CYSTOSCOPY.


Hypertension as a urological problem.

Hypertension as a urological problem.


Hypertension in urological conditions.

Hypertension in urological conditions.


Primary aldosteronism: a brief account.

Primary aldosteronism: a brief account.


Nephrectomy for hypertension.

Nephrectomy for hypertension.


Total adrenalectomy for malignant hypertension.


Hypotensive anaesthesia.

Hypotensive anaesthesia.


Phaeochromocytoma.

Phaeochromocytoma.


Hypertension in polycystic disease.

Hypertension in polycystic disease.


Renal infarction and its relationship to hypertension.


Radiation nephritis.

Radiation nephritis.


Congenital bladder-neck obstruction and megaureter; clinical observations.


Some observations on the pathology of congenital idiopathic bladder-neck obstruction (Marion's disease).


Cystometry in megaureter-megacystic syndrome.


Experimental investigation of the dynamics of the normal and dilated ureter.


Cine-radiology of congenital bladder-neck obstruction and the megaureter.


Megaureter.

Megaureter.


The artificial kidney.

The artificial kidney.


The use of the artificial kidney.

The use of the artificial kidney.


Rheumatic tricuspid stenosis.

Rheumatic tricuspid stenosis.


Effect of temperature on survival of bacteria in blood for transfusion; with a note on contamination by cold-growing organisms.


Splenectomy in acquired generalized myelosclerosis.


The problem of recurring cystitis in women.


Lymphogranuloma venereum.

Lymphogranuloma venereum.


Cause of anomalous results in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate using Wintrobe's method.


Constitutional virilism.

Constitutional virilism.


Recovery after depressive attack of 30 years' duration.


ANTIBIOTIC combinations.

ANTIBIOTIC combinations.


USE AND abuse of blood.

USE AND abuse of blood.


ANDROGENS and erythropoiesis.

ANDROGENS and erythropoiesis.


LOCAL prophylaxis of influenza.

LOCAL prophylaxis of influenza.


HAEMATITE pneumoconiosis in Cumberland miners.


Food and health.

Food and health.


Promotion prospects of senior registrars in Scotland.


Mark akenside.

Mark akenside.


Five years of general practice; a study in simple epidemiology.


Morbidity from T. A. B. T. inoculation in R. A. F. recruits.


Megaloblastic anaemia of infancy treated with folic acid.


Medullary aplasia in chronic myeloid leukaemia during busulphan therapy.


Rubella encephalitis.

Rubella encephalitis.


Further observations on London fog.

Further observations on London fog.


Serious haemorrhage after partial gastrectomy in unsuspected chronic myeloid leukaemia.


ULCERATIVE colitis.

ULCERATIVE colitis.


KURU: A new syndrome.

KURU: A new syndrome.


VIRUSES in treatment of cancer.

VIRUSES in treatment of cancer.


Influenza Vaccines.

Influenza Vaccines.


POLYMYALGIA rheumatica.

POLYMYALGIA rheumatica.


Sir Robert Philip and the conquest of tuberculosis.


Effects of bemegride on barbiturate overdosage in humans.


Portable oxygen equipment and walking-aid in pulmonary emphysema.


Modification of barbiturate sleep treatment by the use of bemegride.


TREATMENT of chilblains by phenoxybenzamine; a clinical trial in general practice by the South-East Scotland Faculty of the College of General Practitioners.


Influenza epidemic in Singapore children; clinical impressions.


Rapid colorimetric micro-method for estimating glucose in blood and C. S. F. using glucose oxidase.


Unusual transmission of the haemophilic gene.


Encephalitis due to the psittacosis-lymphogranuloma venereum group of viruses; a case of ornithosis encephalitis.


Addison's disease occurring in sisters.

Addison's disease occurring in sisters.


LIPOPROTEINS in coronary artery disease.


EVOLUTION of the tuberculosis dispensary.


PROTECTION against ionizing radiations.

PROTECTION against ionizing radiations.


PSYCHOPATHS.

PSYCHOPATHS.


BOTULISM.

BOTULISM.


SICKLE cells and Salmonellae.

SICKLE cells and Salmonellae.


Care of the dying.

Care of the dying.


Hormone therapy and rheumatoid arthritis.


J. E. MOORE.

J. E. MOORE.


L. E. NAPIER.

L. E. NAPIER.


P. J. GIBBONS.

P. J. GIBBONS.


A. AYRE SMITH.

A. AYRE SMITH.


Virus of acute encephalomyelitis of man and multiple sclerosis.


Amisometradine, a new oral diuretic.

Amisometradine, a new oral diuretic.


The chemotherapy of malignant disease.

The chemotherapy of malignant disease.


Tetanus in Nigeria; review of 100 cases treated in Ibadan.


A simple cytological test for cancer cure.


Management of severe tetanus; use of chlorpromazine in two patients.


Systemic scleroderma with portal hypertension.


Gangrene of the legs in disseminated lupus erythematosus.


Chronic nephritis due to ingestion of lead-contaminated flour.


PROPHYLAXIS of rheumatic fever.

PROPHYLAXIS of rheumatic fever.


Ergot poisoning causing death in pregnancy.


TRANSMISSION of mental defect.

TRANSMISSION of mental defect.


ACUTE NEPHRITIS.

ACUTE NEPHRITIS.


BAGDAD treatment of burns.

BAGDAD treatment of burns.


Torsion testis and its treatment; report of a bilateral case.


A. J. EWINS.

A. J. EWINS.


THOMAS DUNHILL.

THOMAS DUNHILL.


J. J. KEEVIL.

J. J. KEEVIL.


MAURICE MITMAN.

MAURICE MITMAN.


T. R. GODDARD.

T. R. GODDARD.


H. P. W. BARROW.

H. P. W. BARROW.


Fatty liver of endocrine origin, with special reference to fatty liver of malnourished African infants.


Further studies on the transmission of Staph. aureus.


Bacterial endocarditis: survey of patients treated between 1945 and 1956.


Acquisition of Staph. aureus by newborn babies in a hospital maternity department.


FREEZE-DRIED B. C. G. vaccine; results of laboratory tests and of trials among schoolchildren in Middlesex; a preliminary report to the Medical Research Council by their committee on the standardization of freeze-dried B. C. G. vaccine.


Masking and gowning in nurseries for the newborn infant; effect on staphylococcal carriage and infection.


The enanthem of glandular fever.

The enanthem of glandular fever.


Antithyroid activity of N-phthalyl glutamic acid imide (K17).


Serum protein changes following B. C. G. vaccination.


Ruptured dissecting aneurysm of abdominal aorta simulating obstruction of large bowel.


PRIMARY drug resistance in tubercle bacilli.


ATRIAL septal defect.

ATRIAL septal defect.


DETERMINING sex.

DETERMINING sex.


SYRINGE services.

SYRINGE services.


An answer to some criticisms of cancer education; a survey among general practitioners.


SIR ERNEST KENNAWAY.

SIR ERNEST KENNAWAY.


Family studies of respiratory infections.


Assessment of age, sex, and height from immature human bones.


Treatment of ascariasis with various salts of piperazine.


Piperazine and male fern in expulsion of tapeworms.


Piperazine in treatment of hookworm infection.


Excretion of piperazine salts in urine.

Excretion of piperazine salts in urine.


Intraperitoneal blood transfusions in children.


Action of nicotine on the heart.

Action of nicotine on the heart.


Valvotomy in mitral stenosis complicated by pregnancy.


Clinical trial of new dressing for varicose ulcers.


Preparation of cell cultures from human amnion.


Three successive attacks of subacute bacterial endocarditis due to different organisms.


TREATMENT of idiopathic steatorrhoea.

TREATMENT of idiopathic steatorrhoea.


HYPOGLYCAEMIA and the mind.

HYPOGLYCAEMIA and the mind.


HEALTH among the atoms.

HEALTH among the atoms.


WORLD Medical Association.

WORLD Medical Association.


HOSPITALS dear and cheap.

HOSPITALS dear and cheap.


ANTIGENIC response to polio vaccine.

ANTIGENIC response to polio vaccine.


IRON METABOLISM after operation.

IRON METABOLISM after operation.


Dislocation of patella and its relation to chondromalacia patellae.


A NEW ANAESTHETIC table.

A NEW ANAESTHETIC table.


WALTER ELLIOT.

WALTER ELLIOT.


T. K. MONRO.

T. K. MONRO.


World Medical Association: an address in Washington.


WORLD Medical Association: British Supporting Group.


The aetiology of primary hyperoxaluria.

The aetiology of primary hyperoxaluria.


Abnormal responses to muscle relaxants in carcinomatous neuropathy.


A study in the transmission of maternal antibodies.


The problems of puberty.

The problems of puberty.


Puberty.

Puberty.


The prognosis in industrial dermatitis.

The prognosis in industrial dermatitis.


Dermatitis in the steel industry in Sheffield.


Scope of surgery in management of deafness.


Brandt-Andrews technique of delivery of the placenta.


Diabetes mellitus caused by secondary carcinoma of the pancreas.


THE HOSPITAL Staphylococcus.

THE HOSPITAL Staphylococcus.


CRASHED atom bombs.

CRASHED atom bombs.


SURGICAL treatment of atrial septal defects.


PHYSIOLOGY of appetite.

PHYSIOLOGY of appetite.


ACID-FAST bacilli in urine.

ACID-FAST bacilli in urine.


PULMONARY lesions in newborn infants.

PULMONARY lesions in newborn infants.


E. A. THOMSON.

E. A. THOMSON.


Post-operative position.

Post-operative position.


[Open heart surgery using extracorporeal circulation in 305 patients with acquired or congenital heart lesions].


Centenary of the birth of John Jacob Abel.


Mechanisms of airway obstruction.

Mechanisms of airway obstruction.


The syringomyelic syndrome.

The syringomyelic syndrome.


Histogenetic interrelationships between supratentorial angioblastic meningiomas and hemangioblastomas of the cerebellum; report of case in which these tumors were co-existent.


Clinical manifestations of plantar disorders; value of the electromyogram in correct evaluation of the lesion.


Kernicterus and mental deficiency.

Kernicterus and mental deficiency.


Variants of myotonia atrophica; report of three cases.


Education in trauma.

Education in trauma.


OPERATION without consent adds needlessly to liability; consent should specify procedures.


The fusing together of disciplines.

The fusing together of disciplines.


The responsibility of leadership.

The responsibility of leadership.


The unitary concept of mental illness.

The unitary concept of mental illness.


The theory of ego autonomy: a generalization.


Pregnancy fantasies accompanying intestinal parasitosis; a case report.


Aspects of carbohydrate and phosphate metabolism in diabetes.


Radical perineal prostatectomy for early cancer.


Fat metabolism in diabetes.

Fat metabolism in diabetes.


THYROID diseases in children and adults.


The Marfan syndrome.

The Marfan syndrome.


BCG-vaccination programme in Pakistan.

BCG-vaccination programme in Pakistan. The authors outline the development and organization of the BCG-vaccination campaign that was launched in August 1949 by the Government of Pakistan, with assistance from the International Tuberculosis Campaign. They present some statistical data on the work done up to the end of December 1954 and briefly discuss the pattern of tuberculin sensitivity found in various parts of the country.


ASSESSMENT of BCG vaccination in India. II. WHO Tuberculosis Research Office. A second assessment of the mass BCG-vaccination campaign in India is described in this report. Data were collected to corroborate the findings of the first assessment and to study certain aspects of the problems they posed.Sample retesting of children vaccinated in the mass campaign reveals a higher and less variable allergy than that reported from the preliminary assessment work. The results indicate that a uniform and reasonably high level of allergy has been induced in Indian schoolchildren vaccinated in the campaign period assessed and that deficiencies in the tuberculin test by which the allergy was measured rather than defects of vaccine or vaccination technique were responsible for the disappointing variability initially reported.Testing of unvaccinated village populations in Madras and Mysore confirms previous observations that low-grade, non-specific tuberculin sensitivity is widely prevalent in South India, making it virtually impossible to separate the infected from the uninfected with the tuberculin tests in use today. The development of new techniques for use in areas where the low-grade, non-specific sensitivity is widespread is discussed.


Effect of intradermal tuberculin tests on BCG-induced allergy. Trials are going forward to determine whether intradermal tuberculin testing with 10 TU at yearly intervals after BCG vaccination may prevent waning of BCG-induced allergy in schoolchildren. Meanwhile, two experiments to the same purpose, carried out in guinea-pigs, are described. They show that waning allergy in guinea-pigs can be sustantially enhanced by intradermal injection of either purified tuberculin or Old Tuberculin, the effect lasting for at least 8 weeks, even with so small a dose as 5 TU. It is pointed out that this enhancing effect has been demonstrated only in BCG-vaccinated guinea-pigs and that it is not known whether the same phenomenon would occur in guinea-pigs infected with living human tubercle bacilli.


Interpretation of tuberculin reactions in populations with a high proportion of BCG-vaccinated persons. In recent years there has been an apparent increase in the frequency with which inconsistent results are obtained in the routine tuberculin-testing carried out at the Central Tuberculosis Dispensary in Copenhagen. The author describes an investigation which was undertaken to find out the cause of these conflicting results. In this study, about a thousand non-tuberculous people, many of whom had previously been vaccinated with BCG, were tested by one of two different techniques. In another similar group of people, 300 tuberculin reactions were each read independently by three nurses.The pattern of tuberculin sensitivity observed among the nonvaccinated differed from that observed among the vaccinated. Whereas the reactions of the former could, with fair accuracy, be classified as "positive" or "negative" according to their size, those of the latter showed a unimodal distribution by size, so that any such classification was necessarily arbitrary. Moreover, it was found that many of the vaccinated individuals tended to give positive and negative reactions alternately to successive tests, owing to random variations in the testing techniques.The author concludes that it is impracticable to divide BCG-vaccinated people into "positives" and "negatives", and draws a parallel with populations in tropical countries, where the presence of "non-specific" sensitivity renders tuberculin-testing unreliable as a diagnostic tool.


Further studies on the adjuvant for dried BCG vaccine. The authors describe some recent investigations undertaken in Japan with the object of finding an adjuvant for dried BCG vaccine which would make it possible for the vaccine to be stored at room temperature in tropical countries without suffering any serious loss of viability.The first series of experiments, carried out with sodium glutamate as adjuvant, was designed to determine the effect of the concentration of adjuvant, the concentration of bacilli, the pH of the bacterial suspension, and the method of freeze-drying on the preservability of the vaccine. The sucrose vaccine in current use in Japan served as a control. In the light of the results, the authors make certain suggestions as to the optimum conditions for freeze-drying, but they stress that their proposals are tentative and that further research on the subject is needed.In the second series of experiments the authors investigated the adjuvant properties of certain organic acids known to be involved in the metabolic reactions of the tubercle bacillus. Reasonably good results were obtained with alpha-ketoglutaric, malic, lactic, and citric acids, but none of these substances proved to be as satisfactory an adjuvant as sodium glutamate for storage at 37 degrees C.


Effect of storage at 37 degrees C on allergenic potency of dried BCG vaccine. Experiments were carried out to determine the effect of storage at 37 degrees C on the allergenic potency for humans of dried BCG vaccine. From four lots of liquid vaccine, eight kinds of dried vaccine were prepared, four with 1% sodium glutamate and four with 1% sucrose as adjuvant. The eight vaccines were stored at 5 degrees C and at 37 degrees C for periods ranging from 1 month to 9 months, and were then used for the inoculation of primary-school children in Tokyo. These children were tuberculin-tested 1, 3 or 4 and, in a few cases, 12 months after vaccination, and the reactions were read approximately 48 hours after the tuberculin injection had been given.The tuberculin reactions induced by inoculation of the glutamate vaccines stored at 37 degrees C were, in all cases, appreciably stronger than those induced by the sucrose vaccines after storage at the same temperature for the same period. A slight decrease in the potency of the glutamate vaccines was observed after storage for 3 months at 37 degrees C, but storage for 1 month at this temperature did not appear to have any adverse effect on the potency.


A FIELD trial of freeze-dried glutamate BCG vaccine; preliminary report. A field trial of dried BCG vaccine prepared with sodium glutamate as adjuvant was carried out by the WHO/UNICEF Tuberculosis Survey Team for West Africa in Ilorin, Nigeria, in April 1956. This trial-the first of a series of studies being undertaken jointly by the WHO Tuberculosis Research Office and the Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association-was designed to test the heat-stability of the new dried vaccine.The allergenic potency six months after vaccination of two different lots of glutamate vaccine stored under various temperature conditions was compared with that of a batch of fresh liquid vaccine stored at 2-4 degrees C. The results showed both lots of dried vaccine to be remarkably heat-stable: even after 30 days' exposure to tropical temperatures, no marked loss of allergenic potency was observed.


Surgical treatment of occlusive arterial disease.


Further studies on BCG vaccine prepared by tween 80 method with particular reference to effect of freeze-drying. The immunizing potency of liquid BCG vaccine prepared by the Tween 80 method was compared with that of control vaccine prepared by the usual grinding method. The former vaccine revealed higher immunizing properties than the latter although its inoculation dose was only one-fifth as great.With sodium glutamate as adjuvant, freeze-drying was carried out on both vaccines. The viability of the resulting dried product was higher with the Tween 80 vaccine than with the control vaccine up to 12 months' preservation at 5 degrees C, and the allergenic potency of the dried Tween 80 vaccine stored at 5 degrees C was higher than that of the control vaccine. When the dried vaccine was preserved at 37 degrees C for a long period, the degree of decrease in viability was more marked in the Tween 80 vaccine than in the control vaccine.


Principles of the diagnosis of infection.


Acute phosphorus poisoning: a case with severe granulocytopenia and hypoprothrombinemia.


Enumeration of viable tubercle bacilli (BCG) by the roll-tube method; use of a serumagar medium. A serum-agar medium for the enumeration of viable tubercle bacilli (BCG) by the roll-tube method is described. The only ingredients required are distilled water, serum, phosphates, agar, and, depending on the type of agar used, iron. The serum is used as diluent for the bacillary suspension under test, so that it and the inoculum are added together to the agar solution in the roll-tubes. The phosphates are essential for growth, aid the formation of a firm agar gel, and serve to buffer the medium at about pH 6.3. The phosphate buffer solution is used as solvent for the agar. Eight out of nine commercial agar preparations tested yielded media which would not support optimal growth unless extra iron (ferric chloride) was added; a concentration of 33 mug of additional iron per ml in the final medium proved satisfactory.Using the index of dispersion as criterion, the variability between replicate counts in a series of 200 observations was found to be of the expected order.


Chronic recurrent pancreatitis.

Chronic recurrent pancreatitis.


Pain mechanisms in pericardial disease.

Pain mechanisms in pericardial disease.


The interrelation of thiocyanate-treated hypertension, myxedema, and psychosis.


Interpretation of tuberculosis infection age curves. The percentage of tuberculin reactors, by age, is sometimes used in the epidemiology of tuberculosis as one measure of the tuberculosis problem in a population. Whereas such data are useful for determining the load of infection in communities, it is shown in this paper that only in very few instances do they lend themselves to a quantitative determination of the risk of infection. Such data are, therefore, of limited epidemiological value, and the author suggests other types of data which could give more useful information.The results of tuberculin-testing obtained in sixteen mass BCG campaigns, from 1948 to 1951, have been used to illustrate the problems under discussion.


Clinicopathologic conference: atypical amyloidosis.


Skin cancer: its causes prevention, and treatment.


Occupational cancer of the skin.

Occupational cancer of the skin.


CANCER of the skin.

CANCER of the skin.


Diagnosis of hemorrhagic diseases; evaluation of procedures. I. Careful and complete history and physical examination are essential in the diagnosis of diseases characterized by hemorrhage and are more reliable than laboratory tests for the prediction of the tendency to bleed at the time of surgical operation. Specific questions should be asked about bleeding from various anatomical sites, allergic manifestations, diet, and exposure to poisons and chemical substances. Because hemorrhagic diseases may be hereditary, it is necessary to obtain a family history. If there is a personal or family history of abnormal bleeding, the examiner should obtain exact details about the events immediately preceding the bleeding episodes, the character and duration of the hemorrhage and the response to therapy. The history is particularly important in the case of patients who are to have operation. Failure to obtain a history of past bleeding episodes may be catastrophic. In patients with bleeding tendencies who require operation, the history is valuable in predicting the severity of the bleeding. Physical examination including examination of retina, breast and pelvic organs will often detect evidence of lesions that are helpful in the diagnosis of the primary diseases of which the hemorrhage is a manifestation. The location, distribution, character and number of hemorrhagic lesions are of value in diagnosis and in prognosis.


Management of varicose veins during pregnancy. The incidence of recurrences after radical venous operations done during pregnancy or where pregnancy has occurred subsequently is much higher than it is in cases in which pregnancy is not a factor. These discouraging results are due to increased venous pressure, obstruction to the venous drainage of the lower extremities and hormonal factors. The management of varicose veins during pregnancy should be by conservative means consisting of proper elastic support, elevation of the extremities at night and during rest periods in the day, avoiding static dependency of the legs, and control of body weight. In event of venous stasis and severe symptoms of varicosis that cannot be controlled by conservative measures, limited surgical intervention is indicated. This should consist of high ligation and division of the involved venous trunk and the immediate tributaries. Radical extirpation of varicose veins should be reserved until further pregnancy is not contemplated.


Pharyngoesophageal diverticula; surgical treatment. A series of 75 cases of pharyngoesophageal diverticula observed at the University of California Hospital between 1920 and 1955 was reviewed. In 64 cases surgical repair by either a one-stage or two-stage operation was carried out. Comparison of the results by both methods appears to justify the opinion that pharyngoesophageal diverticula should be repaired in one stage in practically all instances.


Myasthenial gravis; problems in diagnosis. The possibility of myasthenia gravis must be considered in patients persistently complaining of weakness and fatigue. There may be many difficulties and pitfalls in differentiating myasthenia gravis from other disorders in which muscular weakness is a common complaint. Observation of a group of 36 patients with myasthenia gravis, and another group of 30 cases involving the differential diagnosis of myasthenia gravis, led to a conclusion that a physician should apply criteria carefully before arriving at a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis and instituting drug therapy, since nonmyasthenics may frequently respond with subjective improvement temporarily following administration of cholinergic drugs.Myasthenia gravis may be a more common disorder than was suspected in the past.


Keratoacanthoma.

Keratoacanthoma.


Psychiatric services in general hospitals: a report of the Northern California Psychiatric Society's committee on the need for psychiatric services in general hospitals. A study made by a special committee appointed for the purpose by the Northern California Psychiatric Society found that a real need exists for local psychiatric services in general hospitals of the Northern California area. Such services can be provided readily-and in some communities are already available. A broad segment of the population looks to the general hospital to provide diagnosis and care and so enable the patient's prompt recovery from psychiatric disorders. The study further emphasizes the importance of such factors as a competent psychiatric chief, adequate staff and personnel and good planning in organizing inpatient and outpatient facilities and integrating treatment so that all the functions of the hospital are available to psychiatric patients. Granted these special considerations, the services can be provided more easily than many physicians, including some psychiatrists and administrators, suppose.


Long-term management of patients after adrenalectomy. Experience with the long-term medical management of 17 patients previously subjected to surgical adrenalectomy was reviewed. Maintenance adrenal cortical replacement requirements consisted of oral cortisone, 37.5 to 50 mg. daily in all patients; desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA), 2 mg. daily, sublingually in all patients; and supplemental sodium chloride, 1 to 4 grams daily, in seven patients. This provides steroids with glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity and an adequate salt intake. The subjective well-being of the patient was the best indicator of adequate replacement therapy. Under stable conditions, established dosage schedules required surprisingly little adjustment over long periods of time. The primary need of patients without adrenal glands when they are subjected to such stresses as infections, trauma or surgical operation, is for more glucocorticoids. Ordinarily, more DOCA and extra sodium chloride is not required. Mild infections can be dealt with by temporarily increasing the daily oral cortisone requirement, the patient remaining ambulatory. Severe infections with pronounced systemic manifestations require hospitalization and parenteral administration of glucocorticoids. Knowing how long it takes for the various glucocorticoid preparations to take effect and how long they continue to act is important in the management of patients who have had adrenalectomy, particularly in dealing with extraordinary stresses or emergencies.


Diseases of the heart in a working population; a study of morbidity and mortality in relation to cardiac status and nature of job. A sample consisting of 2,252 persons among 20,199 Los Angeles civil service employees was observed for the occurrence of heart disease. The first examination measured the prevalence. Based upon the diagnosis of 165 cases of heart disease, the prevalence was 73 per 1,000 persons examined. Two reexaminations, at intervals of 12 to 18 months, of persons with normal heart on the first examination were carried out and 52 additional cases were diagnosed. There were also 13 deaths of heart disease in persons first diagnosed as having normal heart, making a total of 65 "new" cases (36.6 per 1,000) during the 30-month period of observation. An annual estimated heart disease incidence of 15 per 1,000 appears reasonable. Based on 89 deaths, the cardiovascular disease death rate was 11 per 1,000 among persons entering the study with normal heart, and 133 per 1,000 persons diagnosed as having heart disease at entry. The ratio of newly diagnosed cases to deaths of heart disease was 4 to 1.Among men diagnosed as having normal heart there was little difference in death rates whether their jobs were physically strenuous or sedentary. Among the men with heart disease, however, the highest death rates are observed among those employed at sedentary jobs and at light exertion. This may, of course, be an indication of the employee's selection of the job rather than the effect of inactivity. The relative usefulness of minifilm x-ray, electrocardiograms and questioning as to history were considered.


Vascular lesions in sarcoidosis; probable relationship to steroid therapy. In two patients with sarcoidosis treated with cortisone, localized vascular lesions, proven by biopsy, subsequently developed. Vascular lesions occurring in sarcoidosis, basically a granulomatous disease, are rarely described. However, a clinical picture of combined arteritis-sarcoidosis with overlapping features is not infrequently observed. Hence clinical differentiation may be difficult. Some observers suggest an interrelationship, perhaps a common etiological grouping in the hypersensitivity disease classification, because of the basic pathological lesions of granuloma and arteritis. The possible relationship of steroid therapy to the development of diffuse vascular lesions or arteritis appears to be gaining recognition, particularly in the case of susceptible patients with rheumatoid arthritis, although in the two cases here reported the disease for which steroids were administered was sarcoidosis and the arterial lesions observed subsequent to therapy were localized rather than diffuse. Since it seems unlikely that arteritis would be part of the clinical manifestations of sarcoidosis, it is implied that a higher incidence of such lesions (localized or diffuse) may be related to prolonged steroid therapy.


Aspiration of gastric contents under anesthesia; a review and clinical study. Aspiration of vomitus is one of the leading causes of anesthetic deaths. These deaths can be prevented only by proper evaluation of the patient preoperatively and assuming that any patient dealt with in emergency has a full stomach until proven otherwise. Preliminary observations on the incidence of "silent regurgitation and aspiration" in a series of patients anesthetized for elective operation indicated that by obtaining a smooth induction and preventing any respiratory obstruction during anesthesia, regurgitation and aspiration can be minimized.


Phenmetrazine hydrochloride; a clinical evaluation of a new anoretic agent. Phenmetrazine hydrochloride appeared to be a safe anoretic agent and was effective in weight control in 80 per cent of a series of 49 obese patients. Tolerance to the drug did not develop in periods up to 18 weeks of continued treatment. Phenmetrazine was most effective in patients under 45 years of age in this series. Side effects were minimal and easily controlled. No allergic or toxic effects were noted.


Acute encephalitis and death following Asian influenza.


Intraepidermal cancer of the anus; evolution to invasive growth.


Indications for lumbosacral fusion.

Indications for lumbosacral fusion. In cases in which operation is indicated, the author advocates routine fusion of the lumbosacral joint in all cases of protrusion of the 5th lumbar disc, providing the spine above that level is considered essentially normal.He would do spinal fusion in all cases-provided operation were indicated-in which the primary complaint was that of low back pain and in which sciatic pain was absent or minimal. In such cases, the fusion area should extend as far as necessary to include the portion of the spine involved in pathologic change. Only in exceptional cases would spinal fusion be done in patients more than 50 years of age. With the exceptions noted, all patients requiring reoperation should have the benefits of lumbosacral fusion.


Diagnosis of hemorrhagic diseases; evaluation of procedures. II. Preoperative tests. Routine preoperative tests such as the determination of bleeding time and coagulation time are unnecessary and are not recommended. Rulings which require routine preoperative tests result in the adoption of inferior and unreliable time-saving methods in the laboratory. If the clinical staff insists that laboratory procedures to predict hemorrhage be performed on every patient scheduled for operation, approved methods of performing the tests should be employed. Preoperative procedures should include a personal and a family history, a careful and complete physical examination and screening laboratory tests such as urinalysis, hematocrit, leukocyte count and smear examination, including estimation of the number of thrombocytes. Special hemorrhagic studies are indicated on selected patients. These selected patients include those who have a history of abnormal bleeding, those who consider themselves "easy bleeders" or who have apprehension concerning hemorrhage at the time of operation, and those who have physical signs of hemorrhage. Special hemorrhagic studies should also be performed on patients who have diseases that are known to be associated with vascular and coagulation abnormalities, infants who have not been subjected to tests of trauma and on patients from whom a reliable history cannot be obtained. Extra precaution should be taken if operation is to be performed in hospitals or clinics that do not have adequate blood banking facilities and if the operation to be performed is one in which difficulty in hemostasis is anticipated. THE PREOPERATIVE TESTS THAT ARE INDICATED ON SELECTED PATIENTS SHOULD INCLUDE AS A MINIMUM: The thrombocyte count, determination of the bleeding time by the Ivy method, determination of the coagulation time by the multiple tube method and the observation of the clot. Where facilities are available, the hemorrhagic study should also include the plasma and serum prothrombin activity tests.


FOREIGN interns and residents.

FOREIGN interns and residents.


Cobalt folliculitis.

Cobalt folliculitis. Clinical observations in 60 cases of folliculitis or pronounced activation of acne in patients taking cobalt led to conclusion that the development or aggravation of the dermal lesions were owing to ingestion of the metal. The dermal manifestations abated when use of cobalt was discontinued. Active acne is considered a contraindication to the use of vitamin-iron-mineral supplements containing cobalt. Short courses of antibiotics in addition to regular acne regimen helped shorten the course of the eruption.


Group psychotherapy for criminal offenders; a program for parolees under social-psychological coercion. Selected prisoners, most of them with severe character disorders, are permitted to serve the remaining portion of their sentence on parole in the community on condition that they be patients in psychotherapy at a psychiatric clinic created in 1953 for this purpose. Nearly all the patients begin without personal motivation for such treatment. Attendance has been attained because parole officers are assigned to the task of enforcing attendance. Coercion can bring these reluctant patients to expose themselves to treatment, but staff members then have the task to overcome hostility, combat extensive rationalizations, and transform an initially poor rapport into patient participation in working through major personality change. This clinic provides an interesting laboratory for the development of a psychiatric treatment program for adults who have not responded well to a great variety of forms of correctional care.


Chronic disabling respiratory disease; ends and means of study. In the program of research into the natural history of coalworkers' pneumoconiosis now being carried out in Great Britain, emphasis is being put upon the importance of sharpening and validating means for early diagnosis, and upon the need for follow-up studies upon properly selected population samples. Existing information from morbidity and mortality figures from chronic bronchitis and emphysema in Great Britain suggests that atmosphere pollutants are important etiological factors. A parallel is drawn between the course of events in pneumoconiosis, in which dust retention in the lungs does not greatly disable until complicated by tuberculous infection, and a hypothesis that bronchitis is a hypersecretion of bronchial mucus caused by atmospheric irritants and does not disable but encourages secondary infection which may cause emphysema. This hypothesis requires testing by follow-up studies of population samples exposed to various environmental influences. It is suggested that in order to bring this common and disabling disease under control, clinicians must widen their interests beyond the confines of the hospital walls.


Ectopic pregnancy; early diagnosis, clinical errors and conservative operation. This report of eight years' experience with extrauterine pregnancy by a single gynecologist is an exposition of how the diagnosis was made or why it was missed. Of 26 diagnoses of ectopic pregnancy, five were false (20 per cent); and in three cases (10 per cent) the diagnosis was not made promptly-a total error of 30 per cent. Ectopic pregnancy will be discovered earlier if obstetric patients are always examined shortly after missing the first menstrual period.A palpable adnexal mass was present in 19 of 21 ectopic pregnancies (90 per cent). A mass was palpable in only one of five cases erroneously diagnosed as ectopic pregnancy (20 per cent).Decidual casts were passed by four patients, two of whom did not have ectopic pregnancy. If two gynecologists do not agree on the question of extrauterine pregnancy, a third opinion should be sought or culdoscopy employed. Enucleation of the conceptus and salvage of the oviduct is advocated.


Nerve lesions in industry; atrophy of disuse as a confusing element in diagnosis; the value of electromyogrphy. Traumatic peripheral nerve lesions characteristically result in denervation muscular atrophy. Atrophy of disuse may take place concomitantly, either proximal, adjacent to or distal to the denervation muscular atrophy. The degree of atrophy of disuse depends upon the severity of the nerve lesion. Clinically, it is difficult to determine where true denervation muscular atrophy ends and accompanying atrophy of disuse begins. In such circumstances a clinician may be misled into belief that the cause of so apparently extensive a lesion is elsewhere. The patient then is often submitted to other complex diagnostic procedures and treatments. This difficulty can usually be dissipated by the use of electromyography, for each specific type of muscular atrophy produces its own characteristic electromyographic changes. Disuse atrophy produces no changes in electrical activity, whereas denervation atrophy manifests itself by typical denervation activity. Moreover it is possible to determine what part of muscular atrophy in a given area is owing to damage to a nerve and what part is owing only to disuse without denervation.


The role of pediatricians in general hospitals. Besides the responsibilities of his own personal patients, the pediatrician has a community responsibility toward the hospital which is his workshop. His area of interest may include proper standards in the field of newborn and premature care, and control of communicable disease and hospital-acquired infection not only in the nursery but in the entire hospital-particularly staphylococcal infections. Finally, the pediatrician should see to it that not only the pediatric ward but the hospital as a whole, and the personnel working in it, provide a suitable emotional climate for the sick child.


Intra-abdominal injuries.

Intra-abdominal injuries. With the increase in mechanization, the incidence of intra-abdominal injury is increasing. Bleeding, contamination or impairment of function of an intra-abdominal organ must be diagnosed early and dealt with immediately. Serial determination of hemoglobin and cell volume of the blood are useful diagnostic procedures. The older teachings of waiting for a patient to recover from shock before operating are to be decried. Immediate operative intervention to close a ruptured stomach, bowel or bladder, or to suture or remove may be necessary to save the life of the patient.


Nervous complications of exanthem subitum. For many years it was generally believed that all convulsions associated with exanthem subitum were febrile in origin. More recently several investigators have suggested that the causative agent of this disease has a selective action on brain tissue aside from the effect of high temperature. In support of this concept are a variety of neurological manifestations sometimes observed during the course of exanthem subitum. These include prolonged and repeated convulsions, hemiparesis, headache, vomiting, bulging fontanelle, vertigo, cervical rigidity, extreme irritability and a reversal of the time of sleep. Abnormalities in the spinal fluid have been reported on a few occasions. By chance the authors observed a case of exanthem subitum that began with a prolonged and severe afebrile convulsion and transient left hemiparesis. Serial electroencephalograms showed a focal lesion with suppression and slowing in the right parietal area. Behavior disorders of brief duration were noted. This case is interpreted as additional evidence of the presence of an encephalitic process. The nature of the cerebral lesion remains unknown. The remote possibility of disturbed behavior in later life deserves consideration.


Multicentric paragangliomas; vagal and carotid body tumors.


Successful completion of pregnancy in a patient with a Hufnagle valve.


Osteochondrodystrophy (Morquio-Brailsford type); occurrence in three siblings.


Adrenal cyst.

Adrenal cyst.


Analysis of your professional liability insurance policy. The most important lessons for the physician to learn in regard to his professional liability insurance coverage are the following:1. The physician should carefully read his professional liability policy and should secure the educated aid of his attorney and his insurance broker, if they are conversant with this field.2. He should particularly read the definition of coverage and carefully survey the exclusion clauses which may deny him coverage under certain circumstances.3. If the physician is in partnership or in a group, he should be certain that he has contingent partnership coverage.4. The physician should accept coverage only from an insurance carrier of sufficient size and stability that he can be sure his coverage will be guaranteed for "latent liability" claims as the years go along-certainly for his lifetime.5. The insurance carrier offering the professional liability policy should be prepared to offer coverages up to at least $100,000/$300,000.6. The physician should be assured that the insurance carrier has claims-handling personnel and legal counsel who are experienced and expert in the professional liability field and who are locally available for service.7. The physician is best protected by a local or state group program, next best by a national group program, and last, by individual coverage.8. The physician should look with suspicion on a cancellation clause in which his policy may be summarily cancelled on brief notice.9. The physician should not buy professional liability insurance on the basis of price alone; adequacy of coverage and service and a good insurance company for his protection should be the deciding factors.


The adrenal cortex.

The adrenal cortex.


Anaesthesia in adrenocortical hyperfunction.


Postoperative treatment with artificial respiration of two thoracic surgical patients.


The phrenic reflex in epidural analgesia.


Sedation of children for cardiac catheterization with an ataractic mixture.


An appraisal of the present treatment of barbiturate poisoning.


Epidural and nerve block anaesthesia with sympocaine.


Anaesthesia for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in children.


Pneumoperitoneum: a complication of nasal oxygen therapy; a case report.


LEONARD SHELDON BARTLETT.

LEONARD SHELDON BARTLETT.


Preoperative examination and preparation of problem patients.


William Easson Brown.

William Easson Brown.


The art of making-do.

The art of making-do.


Cholesterol in the diet.

Cholesterol in the diet.


Statistics: can they forecast future health needs.


From Gold Coast to Ghana.

From Gold Coast to Ghana.


The Ontario Commission and its hospital insurance program.


Hospital accreditation.

Hospital accreditation.


With the Red Cross in Vienna.

With the Red Cross in Vienna.


Teamwork in action.

Teamwork in action.


The working-together spirit.

The working-together spirit.


Bacillus stearothermophilus in herring stickwater.


The enumeration of thermophilic bacteria by the plate count method.


The fermentation of L-erythrulose by Aerobacter aerogenes.


Amidomycin, a new antibiotic from a streptomyces species; production, isolation, assay, and biological properties.


Some vitamin and amino acid interrelationships in Escherichia coli 113-3. I. The inhibitory effects of cystine and cysteinesulphinic acid.


Of eternal merit.

Of eternal merit.


Studies on the antigenic structure of Histoplasma capsulatum.


Survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula suspended in various solutions and dried in air.


The use of agarase from Pseudomonas atlantica in the identification of agar in marine algae (Rhodophyceae).


Study of a plaque variation of Bacillus megaterium phage.


The asparagine deamidase of Bacillus coagulans and Bacillus stearothermophilus.


Some metabolic effects of adenovirus infection in HeLa cells.


Antigenic analysis of dissociants and serological types of Pasteurella multocida.


The treatment of emotionally disturbed children.


Multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis.


Role of the occupational therapist on the amputee treatment team.


The Taylor scale, hunger, and verbal learning.


Age in the development of closure ability in children.


Age differences in empathic ability among children.


Verbal organization in the lines test.

Verbal organization in the lines test.


Effect of morphine on the exploratory drive.


Threshold of visual recognition and its relation to harmonic EEG response to flicker.


Effect of glutamic acid on the learning ability of bright and dull rats: III. Effect of varying dosages.


Looking at the tuberculosis problem: a symposium.


Quality control of medical care under a prepaid plan.


An outbreak of typhoid fever among new immigrants to Canada.


The stability of mixtures of old tuberculin and epinephrine as prepared for the Heaf test.


The role of the food and drug inspector in sanitation.


Lung abscess.

Lung abscess.


An evaluation of scalene node biopsy.

An evaluation of scalene node biopsy.


Megacolon in infants and children.

Megacolon in infants and children.


Physiological considerations in gastric surgery.


Reactive and conditioned inhibition in perceptual-motor performance.


The immediate local complications of gastrectomy.


The postgastrectomy syndrome: the place of enteroenterostomy in treatment.


On the prophylaxis of tetanus.

On the prophylaxis of tetanus.


Abdominal and pelvic paraffinomatosis: peritoneal and retroperitoneal.


Mucocele of the vermiform appendix with pseudomyxoma peritonei: treatment of four cases with radioactive colloidal gold.


The role of the greater omentum in suppurative epiploitis due to swallowed foreign bodies.


Heterotopic pancreatic tissue in wall of duodenum associated with bleeding duodenal ulcer.


Congenital diverticulum of the left ventricle of the heart.


Spontaneous perforation of the normal colon.


Congenital cyst of the rectum.

Congenital cyst of the rectum.


Periureteral fibrosis.

Periureteral fibrosis.


Edward Archibald; 1872-1945.

Edward Archibald; 1872-1945.


Nasal carriage of staphylococcus pyogenes by student nurses.


Encephalitis: historical review and perspective.


Diethylstitboestrol in the treatment of inoperable carcinoma of the prostate: a preliminary report.


Appendicectomy: a correlation of the preoperative and pathological diagnoses in 1127 operations.


The practical value of phonocardiography.


Salvage resections for pulmonary tuberculosis.


Chronic idiopathic jaundice with unidentified pigment in liver cells (Dubin-Johnson syndrome).


Intrathoracic leiomyosarcoma.

Intrathoracic leiomyosarcoma.


Severe sensitivity reaction (hepatitis, dermatitis and pyrexia) attributable to phenylindanedione.


Trichophyton rubrum infections of the lower legs.


Transfusions are dangerous.

Transfusions are dangerous.


Clinical evaluation of sterosan in infantile eczema.


Recent trends in hysterectomy in gynaecological and obstetric practice.


The clinical course of acute renal failure; observations on 54 cases.


Indications for gynaecological surgery.

Indications for gynaecological surgery.


Ludwig's angina.

Ludwig's angina.


The significance of an apical systolic murmur in mitral stenosis.


ASSESSMENT of drug toxicity in Canada.

ASSESSMENT of drug toxicity in Canada.


The problem of the secondary gain patient in medical practice.


The significance of states of apparent or assumed intellectual inadequacy in the diagnosis of mental defect.


Serological reactions to polysaccharides in rheumatoid arthritis.


Primary suture of the common bile duct; comparison with cases treated by standard methods.


An investigation of abnormal uterine bleeding.


Perphenazine (trilafon) therapy: a pilot study.


Fundamentals in the care of the patient with rheumatoid arthritis.


Some basic features of open-heart surgery using the bubble oxygenator.


Needless loss of vision: its prevention.


Hemiplegic migraine.

Hemiplegic migraine.


Participation of the adrenals in the production of renal and cardiac lesions by cold.


Tularaemia in British Columbia.

Tularaemia in British Columbia.


The leprosy problem in Canada with report of a case.


Admissions of geriatric cases to a mental hospital.


The immune status of poliomyelitis patients.


An immunological study of the Canadian Eskimo.


Generalized North American blastomycosis.


Home care; the hospital in the home.

Home care; the hospital in the home.


Ringworm in Southwestern Ontario caused by Trichophyton verrucosum.


A new coumarin, 3-(1'-phenylpropyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin (marcumar).


Treatment of the chronic paranoid schizophrenic patient.


Obstetrics at Cook County Hospital.

Obstetrics at Cook County Hospital.


Deafness in children.

Deafness in children.


DR. W. J. P. MACMILLAN.

DR. W. J. P. MACMILLAN.


Systemic mediators of surgical injury.

Systemic mediators of surgical injury.


The clinical and metabolic effects of glucagon.


The treatment of hepatolenticular degeneration with penicillamine; with report of two cases.


The early detection of glaucoma; results of 2000 routine tonometries.


The BCG strain: newer knowledge of its biology and identification.


A natural warm autoantibody.

A natural warm autoantibody.


The diagnostic importance of the myxoedema reflex (Woltman's sign).


Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia.


Hydramnios.

Hydramnios.


Bilateral agenesis of the kidneys.

Bilateral agenesis of the kidneys.


Testicular tumours.

Testicular tumours.


Para-umbilical rupture of the linea alba, caused by ascites.


Doctor-patient relationship or doctor-public relationship.


Therapeutic trial of iproniazid (marsilid) in depressed and apathetic patients.


INDICATOR-DILUTION curves in cardiovascular diagnosis.


Integration of medical services, Canadian Armed Forces.


Recent advances in dermatologic therapy.


What each expects of nursing education.

What each expects of nursing education.


The use and abuse of the tranquillizers.


How can the nurse understand herself.

How can the nurse understand herself.


Retrolental fibroplasia.

Retrolental fibroplasia.


Clinical experience with tolbutamide in diabetes mellitus.


The surgical assessment and treatment of chronic peptic ulceration.


Amyloidosis secondary to paraplegia.

Amyloidosis secondary to paraplegia.


And their work continueth.

And their work continueth.


Autoradiographic visualization of radiocalcium and radiosulfur in vitro uptake by bone tumors.


Immune response in patients with cancer.


Body-composition changes in patients with advanced cancer.


Hormonal therapy in cancer of the breast. XI. The effect of dehydroepiandrosterone on clinical course and hormonal excretion.


Hormonal therapy in cancer of the breast. XII. The effect of etiocholanolone therapy on clinical course and hormonal excretion.


Pharmacological and initial therapeutic observations on 6-diazo-5-oxo-1-norleucine (DON) in human neoplastic disease.


The endocrine dependency of certain thyroid cancers and the danger that hypothyroidism may stimulate their growth.


The frequency and risk of metastases in squamous-cell carcinoma of the skin.


Spontaneous tumors including gastrointestinal neoplasms and malignant melanomas, in the Syrian hamster.


Osteoblastic hyperplasia of bone; a histochemical appraisal of fibrous dysplasia of bone.


Intraosseous lipoma of bone.

Intraosseous lipoma of bone.


Bilateral simultaneous occurrence of primary squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung.


The effects of radiation on extraction-wound healing in the rat.


A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. IV. Different tobacco types.


Plasmacytoma of lymph glands.

Plasmacytoma of lymph glands.


On mucoepidermoid tumors of different sites.


Polyps of the rectum and colon in children.


Chemodectoma of the glomus intravagale (vagal-body tumor).


Microscopic properties of whole mounts and sections of human bronchial epithelium of smokers and nonsmokers.


A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. III. Filtered cigarettes.


Miliary tuberculosis occurring in patients with malignant lymphoma; a potential hazard of therapy.


Malignant Brenner tumors of ovary; with report of three cases.


A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. II. Dose-response studies.


Transplantable human cancers.

Transplantable human cancers.


Carcinoma of the prostate with metastases to breasts and testis; critical review of the literature and report of a case.


A study of the etiological factors in cancer of the mouth.


Identification of neoplastic cells in cerebrospinal fluid by a wet-film method.


CONTROL of radiation hazards.

CONTROL of radiation hazards.


PLEURAL biopsy.

PLEURAL biopsy.


ABDOMINAL pain.

ABDOMINAL pain.


Contributions of tissue culture studies to an understanding of the biology of cancer: a review.


Nucleic acid precursors and nucleotides in normal and leukemic blood. I. comparison of formic acid chromatograms.


Growth hormone and tumor phospholipide effects on tumor and body growth.


SELECTION of treatment in breast cancer.


PRIMARY carcinoma of the vagina.

PRIMARY carcinoma of the vagina.


DIAGNOSIS of lung cancer.

DIAGNOSIS of lung cancer.


Growth-promoting factor in exudates, mechanism of repair, and preneoplastic-like responses.


Early changes in rat liver and kidney cells induced by thioacetamide.


FALLACIES in individual prognosis.

FALLACIES in individual prognosis.


Tobacco smoking, motor exhaust fumes, and general air pollution in relation to lung cancer incidence.


Mortality of mice as affected by variation of the x-ray dose and number of nucleated rat bone marrow cells injected.


Reduction of theta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase activity in the livers of tumor-bearing animals.


TRANSFUSION reaction.

TRANSFUSION reaction.


The effect of feeding 2-acetylaminofluorene on ribonuclease activity in the serum and liver mitochondria of rats.


Glucose-6-phosphate utilization in hepatoma, regenerating and newborn rat liver, and in the liver of fed and fasted normal rats.


A transplantable rat liver tumor induced by 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.


Arginase activity and nucleic acid content in mamary adenocarcinoma and normal homologous tissue of C3H mice.


Regression of human metastatic mammary cancer induced by 3-methyicholanthrene.


Comprehensive screening for carcinogenesis.


Effects of combinations of azaserine and of 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine with purine analogs and other antimetabolites on the growth of two mouse mammary carcinomas.


Preparation and cultivation of primary human amnion cells.


Transformation of cells from the normal human amnion into established strains.


Proliferative changes in the trophoblast following ovariectomy and fetectomy in the rat.


Experimental production of carcinoma with cigarette tar. IV. Successful experiments with rabbits.


Partial regression of a solid tumor with multi-compound chemotherapy.


The action of the phenylalanine mustards and of several homologs on mouse melanoma.


Studies of D-amino acid oxidase.

Studies of D-amino acid oxidase.


Uptake of radioactive phosphorus in experimental tumors. II. effect of vascularity on radioactive uptake in neoplastic, inflammatory, and normal ocular tissue.


A role for chemotherapy as an adjunct to surgery.


Serial transplantation of Krebs-2 and Ehrlich ascites tumors to rats.


Metabolism of neoplastic tissue XII. Effects of glucose concentration on respiration and glycolysis of ascites tumor cells.


The inability of sarcoma RD3 to utilize D-histidine for protein synthesis.


Comparison of transhydrogenase and pyridine nucleotide-cytochrome c reductase activities in rat liver and Novikoff hepatoma.


Nitrogen mustard and triethylene melamine content in normal and tumor tissues after intra-arterial and intravenous injection in rats.


Experimental studies with actinomycin D.


Immunohistochemical staining properties of human skin and some related tumors.


[1957 Influenza pandemic].

[1957 Influenza pandemic].


Subdural haematoma in infancy.

Subdural haematoma in infancy.


The Borradaile Trust, Marandellas.

The Borradaile Trust, Marandellas.


The place of the humanities in medical education.


Chronic brucella pyelonephritis with calcification; short review of the literature and report of a case.


Ophthalmia sympathica.

Ophthalmia sympathica.


Water metabolism after cardiac operations involving a Gibbon-type pump-oxygenator. II. Benign forms of water loss.


[Hospitalization in infectious diseases].


[Complex investigation in regional public health centers; methodological work of regional specialists and of methodological and organizational department of a regional hospital].


[Projects for infectious wards in Czechoslovakia in 1948].


Raynaud's disease among women and girls.


Nonparoxysmal A-V nodal tachycardia.

Nonparoxysmal A-V nodal tachycardia.


Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: report of a case associated with wandering pacemaker, atrial tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and incomplete A-V dissociation with interference.


Left heart catheterization by the transbronchial route: technic and applications in physiologic and diagnostic investigations.


Diverticulum of the pericardium with observations on mode of development.


Significance of the pulmonary vascular bed in congenital heart disease. V. Lesions of the left side of the heart causing obstruction of the pulmonary venous return.


Ebstein's anomaly; presentation of ten cases.


Study of the hemodynamic effects of the aortocoronary sinus graft operation in patients with coronary artery disease.


Mast cells in the circulatory system of man.


Arteriovenous fistula of the splenic vessels producing ascites.


Pulmonary vascular resistance in man at different intravascular distending pressures measured in a case of mitral stenosis complicated by anomalous pulmonary venous connection.


Current concepts on the management of shock.


Clinical problems related to surgical repair of intracardiac defects with the aid of an extracorporeal pump-oxygenator.


Ballistocardiography; appraisal of current status.


Water metabolism after cardiac operations involving a Gibbon-type pump-oxygenator. I. Daily water metabolism, obligatory water losses, and requirements.


Lissamine green as a protein stain in paper electrophoresis.


Effect of buffer on fluid film electrophoresis.


[Surgical treatment of inter-auricular communication].


Prognosis, degeneration and growth related to serum alpha mucoproteins.


The construction and use of a small and inexpensive apparatus for filter paper electrophoresis.


Glutamic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid in seizures.


Determination of the electrophoretic mobility of haemoglobin using paper electrophoresis.


Determination of phenylpyruvic acid in the urine of patients with oligophrenia phenylpyruvica.


The binding of various long-chain fatty acids by serum albumin.


The relationship of aldosterone excretion to the metabolic response to adrenalectomy.


Minor improvements in biochemistry.

Minor improvements in biochemistry.


Effects of delayed examination on the results of certain hepatic tests.


A simple turbidimetric method of estimating blood urea.


Influence of variations in body-fluid volumes on sodium metabolism in man.


Microtest for mucopolysaccharides by means of toluidine blue: with special reference to hyaluronic acid.


Improved method for the colorimetric determination of glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity.


Absorbance of various protein-free filtrates of serum.


Studies with a new colorimetric test for proteinuria.


A new colorimetric method for the determination of isoniazid in biologic fluids.


A toxicologic service in a general hospital.


A semimicro technic for the measurement of N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPP) oxidase in blood.


Radiation hazards in clinical medicine.

Radiation hazards in clinical medicine.


The clinical chemist.

The clinical chemist.


Umbilical hernia.

Umbilical hernia.


Acute sinusitis in childhood.

Acute sinusitis in childhood.


The effect of the lipids from human chylomicrons on the recalcification times of the plasma.


Properties of human endogenous pyrogen.

Properties of human endogenous pyrogen.


Observations on the pharmacology of mecamylamine.


The effect of pitressin on hand and forearm blood flow.


Abnormal patterns of marrow activity.

Abnormal patterns of marrow activity.


Evidence of a diurnal fibrinolytic rhythm; with a simple method of measuring natural fibrinolysis.


Storage of red cells at subzero temperatures, further studes.


The site of absorption of vitamin B12 in the rat.


Gonadotrophin excretion and clinical features in secondary amenorrhoea.


The effect of dimercaprol (BAL) on blood sugar and pyruvate levels in diabetes mellitus.


The resistance to blood flow in the upper and lower limb vessels in patients with coarctation of the aorta.


The composition of the blood in respiratory acidosis.


The pulmonary compliance in normal subjects.


The effect of heated fats on gastric motility and acidity in duodenal ulcer.


[Iron deposits in the liver of normal & irradiated mouse fetuses].


[Thyroid activity in the hibernating dormouse (Eliomys quercinus L.) in winter and spring].


[Chromatographic study of iodated compounds eliminated in the urines of patients with Basedow's disease].


[Chronology of spermatozoid elimination in the urogenital tract of the toad].


[Sub-corporeal extended colpohysterectomy in therapy of incipient cancer of cervix].


A poison control program for Connecticut.


The surgical management of ulcerative colitis.


Topical therapy and prophylaxis in dermatoses of infancy.


Emotional disorders treated with meprobamate and promazine.


The clinical approach to hepatic coma.

The clinical approach to hepatic coma.


Financial planning for the physician.

Financial planning for the physician.


The role of preventive medicine in highway safety.


A picture of Eperythrozoon suis.

A picture of Eperythrozoon suis.


The prevalence of leptospiral agglutinins in sera of the domestic cat.


Pedicle graft in a dog; a case report.

Pedicle graft in a dog; a case report.


The migratory route of the metacercaria of Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Rudolphi, 1819) Looss, 1899 in the definitive host: Dicrocoelildae.


The pathogenicity for swine of a pleuropneumonialike organism from goats.


Epididymitis in rams; studies on laboratory diagnosis.


An anatomical description of a hydrocephalic calf from prolonged gestation and the possible relationships of these conditions.


Growth of rumen microorganisms in an in vitro continuous-flow system on a protein-free diet.


The evaluation of semen quality in the dog and the effects of frequency of ejaculation upon semen quality, libido, and depletion of sperm reserves.


Brucellosis.

Brucellosis.


Trauma in relation to cancer; discussion based on a report of two cases.


The present status of vitamin D2 in the treatment of lupus vulgaris.


Morphological alterations in parasitized hairs observed in the course of the topical treatment of tinea tonsurans of the scalp.


Health services in the Wilmington Public Schools.


Spread of nickel dermatitis.

Spread of nickel dermatitis.


Is neurodermatitis a special form of allergy.


On the mode of action of the alpha radiation from polonium 210 on human skin.


[The effect of energy rich ionizing radiation on the biological system and measures for an active and passive radiation protection. II].


[Corticoids & nystatin in allergic candidiasis].


[Artificial anus].

[Artificial anus].


Role of the adrenal cortex in diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy.


Studies on the disposition of blood glucose; a comparison of insulin and orinase.


Pathogenesis of glycogen infiltration of the pancreas in diabetes.


The emotional convictions of the analyst.


Hypnosis in everyday life.

Hypnosis in everyday life.


Acute development of diabetic cataracts and their reversal; a case report.


The reproductive characteristics of diabetic men.


Tentative explanation of the high incidence of diabetes.


Parkinsonism, schizophrenia and ataractic drugs.


Phrenotropic action of methylphenidylacetate (ritalin).


Subcortical functions of tridione and desoxyn in mental illness.


A comparison of the behavior of insulin and insulin labeled with I 131 in serum.


Paperchromatography, a simple method for the differentiation of sugars in the urine; a preliminary report.


Paper electrophoresis of serum proteins in diabetic patients.


A thirty-fifth anniversary of insulin therapy and a sixty-fifth wedding anniversary.


ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC agents; panel discussion.


Is the metabolism of peripheral tissues affected by the arylsulfonylureas.


The next generation.

The next generation.


The unhappiness of the Kikuyu; or the seeds of Mau Mau.


Epidemiology of yaws in Zanzibar and Pemba.


The origins of infectious disease in East Africa with special reference to the Kikuyu people.


A Fatal case of histoplasmosis contracted in Kenya.


The uses of illustration in medical teaching.


Fate of long-acting testoster one-ester in rabbit: its distribution in blood, bile, urine and feces.


[Prevention of malignant tumors in experiments].


Studies on intravenous glucose tolerance curve. 2. Experiments with rabbits.


Studies on intravenous glucose tolerance curve. 3. Mathematical analysis of the results in normal rabbits.


Case of remarkable hypothalamic neurosecretory supply to the adenohypophysis as observed in the eminentia mediana of the horse.


Establishment of mice strains with special reference to mammary growth response. 1. Comparison of several measuring methods of mammary duct areas in immature mice treated with estrogen.


Studies on posterior pituitary hormones. I. Extraction and chemical properties of oxytocic substance from urine.


Studies on posterior pituitary hormones. II. On the physiological properties of urinary oxytocic substance.


Comparative studies on the growth-promoting effects of growth hormone(STH) and salivary-gland principle (parotin) in the hypophysectomized and/or sialoadenectomized immature female rats. I. Effects on the body growth.


Comparative studies on the growth-promoting effects of growth hormone (STH) and salivary-gland principle (parotin) in the hypophysectomized and/or sialoadenectomized immature female rats. II. Effects on the proximal epiphysis of the tibia.


Oxidation of cortisol by BiO-3.

Oxidation of cortisol by BiO-3.


Quantitative assay of the 3 beta-ol-dehydrogenase system in whole adrenal homogenate.


Antagonistic action by FSH on ovarian stimulation produced by rat pituitary gonadotrophin.


Endocrine factors determining the rate of accumulation of endometrial secretions in experimental hydrouteri of mice.


Biologic activities of endometrial secretions (uterone) collected from experimental hydrouteri of mice.


Differences in the mammary response to estrone and progesterone in castrate male mice of several strains and hybrids.


Plasma ketosteroid studies in normal mice.


The comparative antiluteinizing potency of progesterone derivatives with oxidation at C-11, C-21 and C-17.


Thyroid and ovarian function in relation to molting in the hen.


Attempts to alter the concentration of melanophore hormone in the pituitary gland of the rat.


Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on the secretion of testosterone and 4-androstene-3,17-dione by the canine testis.


The adrenal fetal zone: its occurrence in primates and a possible relationship to chorionic gonadotropin.


Adrenal regeneration hypertension.

Adrenal regeneration hypertension.


Studies on hormonal factors influencing hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase.


Ketogenic and adipokinetic activities of pituitary hormones.


Structure and function of intraocular hypophyseal grafts in the hypophysectomized male rat.


Further studies on the adrenal cortex and carbohydrate metabolism.


Histophysiology of the adrenal cortex in dogs with mild and severe cardiac damage.


Testosterone-induced N-retention in castrated rats on diets containing incomplete proteins.


Liver glycogen deposition after intravenous and intragastric administration of cortisol-4-C14 to rats.


Increased growth promoting substance in the plasma of pregnant rats.


Bone formation in the adrenal gland of a Rhesus monkey.


Quantitative analysis of steroids isolated from the urine of normal and ACTH treated guinea pigs.


The effect of cortisone and corticotropin on the release and peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormone.


Effect of reserpine on the histochemistry and content of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the adrenal medulla of the rat and the mouse.


The effect of ACTH on the ascorbic acid concentration of adrenal venous plasma of the rat.


Reversal of adrenal-regeneration hypertension by amphenone.


Non-steroid ovarian hormones: observations on the mechanism of the acquisition of relaxin resistance in guinea pigs.


Inactivation of ACTH by isolated rat adrenals and inhibition of corticoid formation by adrenocortical hormones.


Serum electrolytes in the hypophysectomized rhesus monkey.


Metabolism of steroids: the removal of exogenous 17-hydroxycorticosterone from the peripheral circulation in dogs.


Influence of cortisone on the ketogenic response to oxycel corticotropin.


Urinary glucose and tumor growth in partially depancreatized forcefed rats.


Ovarian stimulation in the immature fowl by desiccated avian pituitaries.


Autotransplantation of the adrenal of the rat to the portal circulation: studies in male rats.


Gonadal influences on plasma fibrin and fibrinolytic activity: a possible basis for the further analysis of some forms of coronary thrombosis.


Thyroid iodide concentration in estradiol-treated hypophysectomized rats.


Influence of the concentration of papain activated by hydrogen sulphide on the hydrolysis of casein at different temperatures and pH value 4.4.


Enzyme-hormone antagonism. I. Chymotrypsin and amylases vs chorionic and anterior pituitary lutenizing hormones.


Enzyme-hormone antagonisms. II. A simple method for determining the lutenizing hormones of the anterior pituitary and of chorionic gonadotrophin.


Enzyme-hormone antagonism. III. The excretion of the lutenizing hormone of chorionic gonadotrophin in urines from normal, pregnant and malignant individuals.


Kidney glutaminases. III. Glutamine synthesis in the guinea pig kidney.


Advances of genetics in ophthalmology during the past decade.


Vascular allergids.

Vascular allergids.


Herxheimer's atrophic chronic acrodermatitis.


Synchronous divisions in Tetrahymena pyriformis as studied in an inorganic medium; the effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol.


Analysis of the surface structures of the sea urchin egg by means of antibodies. II. The J- and A-antigens.


Analysis of the surface structures of the sea urchin egg by means of antibodies. II. The C- and F-antigens.


The fine structure of some cytoplasmic inclusions of oxyntic cells.


Ciné-micrographic studies on mitosis in endosperm. III. The origin of the mitotic spindle.


Inhibition of cell division by ultraviolet irradiated unsaturated fatty acid.


The effect of incubation temperature on the cell size of Tetrahymena pyriformis.


Electron microscope observations on the structure of sebaceous glands.


Electron microscope observations on the glassy layer of the hair follicle.


The cytology of the irradiated ovary of Drosophila melanogaster.


Cultivation and behavior in vitro of the normal mammary epithelium of the adult mouse. II. Observations on the secretory activity.


Intracellular structures in Strigomonas oncopelti. I. Cytoplasmic structures containing ribonucleoprotein.