A RELATIVE MAXIMUM IN THE DECAY OF LONG-TERM DELAYED LIGHT EMISSION FROM THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS.


THE HOMOGENEITY OF HORSE 7-S GAMMA-GLOBULIN.


PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF BENCE-JONES PROTEINS IN THE FORM OF L-CHAIN DIMERS.


STUDIES ON THE OXIDATION--REDUCTION POTENTIALS OF HEME PROTEINS. 3. THE EFFECT OF BROMTHYMOL BLUE ON THE OXIDATION--REDUCTION POTENTIALS OF HUMAN HEMOGLOBIN.


ON CYTOCHROME OXIDASE AS THE TERMINAL OXIDASE OF DARK RESPIRATION OF NON-SULFUR PURPLE BACTERIA.


SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF KI-EXTRACTED F-ACTIN.


A NEW PROTEIN-FACTOR HINDERING NETWORK FORMATION OF F-ACTIN IN SOLUTION.


FORMATION OF ACTOMYOSIN DURING THE EXTRACTION OF MUSCLE MINCE WITH WEBER-EDSTALL SOLUTION.


MOLECULAR COMPLEXES OF FLAVINS AND PHENOLS. I. ABSORPTION SPECTRA AND PROPERTIES IN SOLUTION.


HEAVY-ATOM PERTURBATION, MOLECULAR COMPLEXING AND ACTIVITY OF THYROXINE.


MOLECULAR COMPLEXES OF FLAVINS AND PHENOLS. II. ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS.


PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTIVITY OF SPINACH CHLOROPLAST FRAGMENTS WITH AROMATIC COMPOUNDS.


A SIMPLE OSCILLOPOLAROGRAPHIC TECHNIQUE FOR RECOGNITION AND ESTIMATION OF DENATURED DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS.


APPLICATIONS OF CALORIMETRY. SCHEMA FOR THE CONTINUOUS OBSERVATION OF THE MOVEMENT OF GLUCOSE ACROSS A BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE.


TURBIDITY EFFECTS IN DUAL WAVELENGTH SPECTROPHOMETRY.


CHANGE OF FLUORESCENCE SPECTRUM AS A FUNCTION OF SIZE OF CHLOROPLAST FRAGMENTS.


A RAPID ISOLATION OF NERVE-ENDING PARTICLES FROM BRAIN.


A STUDY OF THE ARSENATE UPTAKE BY YEAST CELLS COMPARED WITH PHOSPHATE UPTAKE.


THE EFFECTS OF STRUCTURAL DEGRADATION ON THE COUPLED PHOTOCHEMICAL ACTIVITIES OF ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS.


PENETRATION OF LIPID MONOLAYERS BY PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS.


PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN CELL DEVELOPMENT.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN CELL DEVELOPMENT.


THE NATURE OF THE COUPLING BETWEEN LIGHT ENERGY AND ACTIVE ION TRANSPORT IN NITELLA TRANSLUCENS.


FLUORESCENCE AND THE STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS. V. IONIZATION OF TYROSYL RESIDUES.


THE ROLE OF NA+ AND K+ IN THE OUABAIN-INHIBITION OF THE NA+ + K+-ACTIVATED MEMBRANE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE.


EVIDENCE FOR A MAGNESIUM-DEPENDENT DISSOCIATION OF BACTERIAL CYTOPLASTIC MEMBRANE PARTICLES.


CONSCIOUS IMMOBILITY.

CONSCIOUS IMMOBILITY.


THE RISE OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY.

THE RISE OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY.


SOME NOTES ON ACUTE INTUSSUSCEPTION IN CHILDHOOD.


A THERAPEUTIC TRIAL OF THREE PENICILLINS CONDUCTED IN A CASUALTY DEPARTMENT.


INTESTINAL RETICULOSARCOMA IN IDIOPATHIC STEATORRHOEA.


RHEUMATOID NEUROPATHY.

RHEUMATOID NEUROPATHY.


THE ISCHAEMIC LEG.

THE ISCHAEMIC LEG.


LIGHTNING SEIZURES.

LIGHTNING SEIZURES.


MENIERE'S DISEASE.

MENIERE'S DISEASE.


STRESS AND GASTRO-INTESTINAL HAEMORRHAGE.


PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.


FEMORO-POPLITEAL ENDARTERECTOMY.

FEMORO-POPLITEAL ENDARTERECTOMY.


STUDIES WITH COMPLAMIN, A NICOTINIC-ACID-THEOPHYLLINE ESTER, AS A FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT.


EFFECT OF OBESITY AND OF STARVATION ON INSULIN ACTIVITY.


EFFECT OF SODIUM FLUORIDE ON CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS, AND NITROGEN BALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH PAGET'S DISEASE.


SYPHILIS PRESENTING AS AN ACUTE NEUROLOGICAL ILLNESS.


EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS CONCERNING THE NEUROTOXICITY OF ETHOGLUCID.


DISSECTION OF THE AORTA WITH PERICARDIAL TAMPONADE: SUCCESSFUL RELIEF OF TAMPONADE.


IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY OF THE REBREATHING METHOD FOR MEASURING MIXED VENOUS PCO2.


MEDIASTINOSCOPY.

MEDIASTINOSCOPY.


DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AND HAEMOCHROMATOSIS.


COEXISTING CRETINISM AND KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME.


TO-DAY'S DRUGS. SIDE-EFFECTS.

TO-DAY'S DRUGS. SIDE-EFFECTS.


CHILD CARE IN GENERAL PRACTICE. ASTHMA.

CHILD CARE IN GENERAL PRACTICE. ASTHMA.


TRANSFUSIONS IN HAEMOPHILIA.

TRANSFUSIONS IN HAEMOPHILIA.


BULLOUS LESIONS IN ACUTE BARBITURATE INTOXICATION.


PINK DISEASE-TEN YEARS AFTER (THE EPILOGUE).


SIDE-EFFECT OF AMITRIPTYLINE.

SIDE-EFFECT OF AMITRIPTYLINE.


HYPERTENSION AND TOXAEMIA.

HYPERTENSION AND TOXAEMIA.


UNSIGHTLY TOOTH-DESTRUCTION BY ISOPRENALINE SULPHATE.


PATERSON-KELLY SYNDROME IN ADOLESCENCE.

PATERSON-KELLY SYNDROME IN ADOLESCENCE.


INDOMETHACIN AND PEPTIC ULCER.

INDOMETHACIN AND PEPTIC ULCER.


INTERSEX.

INTERSEX.


THERAPEUTIC AEROSOLS IN CHILDHOOD ASTHMA: A REVIEW WITH CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS ON TWO NEW PREPARATIONS.


UNDERSTANDING THE ADOLESCENT IN GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY.


FAMILIAL CRISIS IN HEREDITARY SPHEROCYTOSIS: REPORT OF SIX AFFECTED SIBLINGS.


ARTHRITIS IN CHILDHOOD.

ARTHRITIS IN CHILDHOOD.


WHAT DO YOU TELL THE PARENTS OF A RETARDED CHILD?SOME PERSONAL EXPERIENCES AND REFLECTIONS.


USE OF ANCILLARY PERSONNEL IN CHILDREN'S OUT-PATIENT DEPARTMENTS.


SNAKEBITE A PEDIATRIC PROBLEM.

SNAKEBITE A PEDIATRIC PROBLEM.


MAORI PEDIATRICS.

MAORI PEDIATRICS.


PEDIATRICS IN THE UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC.

PEDIATRICS IN THE UNITED ARAB REPUBLIC.


PEDIATRIC PHILATELY--1964.

PEDIATRIC PHILATELY--1964.


ALCOHOLISM IN THE ADOLESCENT.

ALCOHOLISM IN THE ADOLESCENT.


THE CLINICAL AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER OF THE PROSTATE.


THE ROLE OF GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY IN GASTROENTEROLOGIC CANCER.


WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS HOSPITAL. A STATE-OPERATED COMMUNITY CANCER CENTER.


OBSTACLES TO THE CONTROL OF ACUTE LEUKEMIA.


CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER.

CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER.


A PROPOSED INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF EPILEPTIC SEIZURES.


EVALUATION OF INSULAR ABLATION IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY.


HYPERACTIVITY IN A GROUP OF EPILEPTIC (AND SOME NON-EPILEPTIC) BRAIN-DAMAGED CHILDREN. A BEHAVIOURAL STUDY, WITH SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATION.


CHRONIC FOCAL CORTICAL EPILEPTOGENIC LESION AND BEHAVIOR. COMPARISON OF BEHAVIORAL PERFORMANCE IN MONKEYS WITH EITHER EPILEPTOGENIC OR ABLATIVE UNILATERAL LESION.


FREQUENCY OF RECURRENCE AFTER DISCONTINUANCE OF ANTI-CONVULSANT THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPTIC SEIZURES.


A CASE OF INTOXICATION WITH TEGRETOL.

A CASE OF INTOXICATION WITH TEGRETOL.


SERUM PHENYTOIN DETERMINATIONS IN EPILEPTICS.


THE RELATION OF CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE TO COMMUNITY TYPE AIR POLLUTION.


SOME LABORATORY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AIR POLLUTION CARCINOGENESIS.


STUDIES ON THE CARCINOGENICITY OF GASOLINE EXHAUST.


FURTHER EVALUATION OF GLASS FIBER FILTERS FOR SAMPLING HYDROGEN FLUORIDE.


ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE USE OF PLANTS AS INDICATORS OF AIR POLLUTION.


APPARENT PHOTOSYNTHESIS AS A MEASURE OF AIR POLLUTION DAMAGE.


PROLAPSE OF THE PLACENTA.

PROLAPSE OF THE PLACENTA.


PHOTODYNAMIC BIOASSAY OF POLYCYCLIC ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS.


THE DETECTION AND ESTIMATION OF PART PER BILLION CONCENTRATIONS OF HYDROCARBONS.


CLINICAL LEPTOSPIROSIS IN HAWAII.

CLINICAL LEPTOSPIROSIS IN HAWAII.


MATERNAL DEATH STUDY.

MATERNAL DEATH STUDY.


SOME PROBLEMS OF HEART DISEASE, 1964.

SOME PROBLEMS OF HEART DISEASE, 1964.


WALDENSTROEM'S MACROGLOBULINEMIA WITH TRANSIENT CHOLESTATIC JAUNDICE; CASE REPORT.


APPLICATION OF FLUORESCENT-ANTIBODY PROCEDURES TO THE STUDY OF PATHOGENIC DEMATIACEOUS FUNGI.II. SEROLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS OF THE GENUS FONSECAEA. Gordon, Morris A. (New York State Department of Health, Albany), and Yousef Al-Doory. Application of fluorescent-antibody procedures to the study of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. II. Serological relationships of the genus Fonsecaea. J. Bacteriol. 89:551-556. 1965.-The staining spectra of fluorescein-labeled antiglobulins to Fonsecaea compactum, F. dermatitidis, and F. pedrosoi were determined with respect to 71 strains of morphologically related and 21 miscellaneous molds (including so-called "black yeasts"). All three conjugates showed considerable reaction with saprophytic Cladosporium spp. F. dermatitidis appeared to be most closely related serologically to the genus Cladosporium; F. compactum conjugate was fairly specific; and the few non-specific reactions of diluted F. pedrosoi reagent were almost unexceptionally with species of Fonsecaea and Cladosporium. Most strains of F. pedrosoi were unstained by F. compactum conjugate, and there was very little relationship shown between either of these species and Phialophora verrucosa. Conjugates of two strains of P. verrucosa failed to react with any of the three species of Fonsecaea. The possible significance of these results for classification of the "black yeasts" and other dematiaceous molds is discussed.


A CASE STUDY OF SYDNEY MEADOW (A DRAMATIC HEART REHABILITATION CASE).


DETECTION OF ENTEROPATHOGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI IN FECAL CULTURES BY USE OF A MODIFIED FLUORESCENT-ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE. Martin, Alice J. (Nassau County Department of Health, Hempstead, N.Y.), and Margaret O'Brien. Detection of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in fecal cultures by use of a modified fluorescent-antibody technique. J. Bacteriol. 89:570-573. 1965.-The application of the fluorescent-antibody (FA) technique to cultures of feces on blood-agar plates for the detection of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli serotypes is described. The results of a study of 364 fecal specimens, examined by both this modified technique and conventional cultural methods, are reported; the findings by the two methods are compared. The modified FA method offers several advantages over other techniques. The results of the examination can be reported sooner; more serotypes are discovered; it is simpler, easier, and quicker to prepare and examine growth from the blood plate than to examine fecal material; and the results are more definite. The results obtained by use of this modified FA procedure have shown that infection with multiple serotypes occurs much more frequently than cultural examinations alone indicate. Intensive cultural studies suggest that the inability to confirm serotypes which have been found by the FA method is probably due to inefficiencies in the cultural method.


UPTAKE OF GRISEOFULVIN BY THE SENSITIVE DERMATOPHYTE, MICROSPORUM GYPSEUM. El-Nakeeb, Moustafa A. (Rutgers, The State University, New Brunswick, N.J.), and J. O. Lampen. Uptake of griseofulvin by the sensitive dermatophyte, Microsporum gypseum. J. Bacteriol. 89:564-569. 1965.-Actively growing cultures of Microsporum gypseum took up large amounts of griseofulvin-(4-methoxy-H(3)) from the medium. Initially, most of the material could be extracted with hot water, but there was a continuing increase in firmly bound forms of the antibiotic. The fungus accumulated griseofulvin intracellularly to a level up to 100 times that present in the medium. The process appeared to involve two phases. A small amount of griseofulvin was bound almost instantaneously. This binding was independent of the culture conditions or cell viability. The second stage was prolonged and was governed by the different factors controlling active metabolism, but it proceeded in organisms whose growth had been inhibited by the antibiotic itself or by limited nutrients. This stage required a supply of metabolic energy, since it was temperature-dependent, needed an exogenous energy source, and was completely inhibited by sodium azide or 2,4-dinitrophenol. Uptake was optimal at pH 5.5 to 6.5. Synthesis of a transport system is probably required, since uptake is prevented by p-fluorophenylalanine. Heat-killed cells did not take up griseofulvin beyond the small amount bound instantly.


ANTIBIOTIC ACTION OF GRISEOFULVIN ON DERMATOPHYTES. El-Nakeeb, Moustafa A. (Rutgers, The State University, New Brunswick, N.J.), W. L. McLellan, Jr., and J. O. Lampen. Antibiotic action of griseofulvin on dermatophytes. J. Bacteriol. 89:557-563. 1965.-The concentrations of griseofulvin required to inhibit growth and to produce the characteristic morphological distortions were determined for dermatophytes (highly sensitive), fungal plant pathogens (moderately sensitive), filamentous nonpathogenic fungi (poorly sensitive), and for yeasts and Escherichia coli (insensitive). Addition of griseofulvin to small inocula of the dermatophytes Microsporum gypseum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes produced complete and apparently permanent growth inhibition. If the antibiotic was added to actively growing cultures, the inhibition was only temporary, even with the most sensitive dermatophytes. During growth inhibition, griseofulvin temporarily halted the net synthesis of protein and nucleic acids, and of the amino acid and nucleotide pools. It decreased substantially the incorporation of C(14)-uridine or C(14)-thymidine into nucleic acids of M. gypseum, but not that of C(14)-leucine or C(14)-valine into protein. With a less sensitive culture, T. mentagrophytes x8, the uptake of uridine was inhibited only to a slight extent; the incorporation of leucine was unaffected. A partial protective effect of pruine nucleotides against growth inhibition by griseofulvin was observed with one strain of T. mentagrophytes, but not with another strain or with M. gypseum.


THE MODERN MEDICAL USE OF EXERCISE THERAPY.


EFFECT OF ENZYMES ON THE INTERACTION OF ENTEROVIRUSES WITH LIVING HELA CELLS. Zajac, Ihor (Hahnemann Medical College, Philadelphia, Pa.), and Richard L. Crowell. Effect of enzymes on the interaction of enteroviruses with living HeLa cells. J. Bacteriol. 89:574-582. 1965.-Eight crude enzyme preparations and two crystalline enzymes were tested for ability to inactivate coxsackie group B and poliovirus receptors on living HeLa cells. Receptor-destroying enzyme, erepsin, lysozyme, collagenase, proteinase, and cobra venom did not alter attachment of coxsackie B3 or poliovirus T1 to cells, whereas elastase prevented attachment of both viruses tested. Treatment of live cells with pancreatin or chymotrypsin rendered cells unable to attach group B coxsackie viruses, whereas cells treated with trypsin failed to attach poliovirus T1. In addition, chymotrypsin was found to release coxsackie B3 and poliovirus T1 from cell surfaces, whereas trypsin was unable to dissociate virus-cell union. These results indicate that cellular receptors for polioviruses differ from those for group B coxsackie-viruses. The finding that 1% solutions of enzymes will inactivate differentially the enteroviral receptors of HeLa cells, without altering cell viability, provides a useful approach for study of enterovirus receptors of live host cells.


A THERAPEUTIC POOL PROGRAM FOR MENTALLY ILL GERIATRIC PATIENTS.


ENZYMATIC ENHANCEMENT OF INFECTIVITY OF REOVIRUS. Spendlove, R. S. (California State Department of Public Health, Berkeley), and F. L. Schaffer. Enzymatic enhancement of infectivity of reovirus. J. Bacteriol. 89:597-602. 1965.-Enhancement of infectivity by chymotrypsin treatment has been demonstrated with all three types of reovirus, although not in all viral preparations. Enzyme treatment did not produce a simultaneous increase in the hemagglutinating activity of reovirus type 1 (the only type tested). The infectivity of reovirus type 1 (Lang strain) was increased by treatment with chymotrypsin, trypsin, papain, and a filtrate from a culture of a Pseudomonas sp. but not by treatment with pepsin. Sedimentation experiments showed that the property of enhanceability was closely associated with the virus particles themselves. Results of studies involving various sequential treatments with chymotrypsin, and with heat in the presence or absence of 2 m MgCl(2), were compatible with the interpretation that inhibited virus is resistant to exposure to a temperature of 56 C in the absence of MgCl(2), whereas activated virus is thermolabile. Activation of reovirus infectivity by heat in the presence of MgCl(2) and by chymotrypsin was not additive.


RELATIONSHIP OF HISTOPLASMIN AGAR-GEL BANDS AND COMPLEMENT-FIXATION TITERS IN HISTOPLASMOSIS. Wiggins, Geraldine L. (Communicable Disease Center, Atlanta, Ga.), and Joseph H. Schubert. Relationship of histoplasmin agar-gel bands and complement-fixation titers in histoplasmosis. J. Bacteriol. 89:589-596. 1965.-Culture filtrates of various strains of Histoplasma capsulatum were studied with sera from patients with histoplasmosis, by use of the agar-gel and complement-fixation tests. It was found that the filtrates represented three types: those containing H and M components, those with H only, and those with neither H nor M. The same strain of H. capsulatum often produced culture filtrates of more than one type. Complement fixation showed that only the filtrates having both the H and M components were sufficiently sensitive as diagnostic antigens to detect the antibodies in histoplasmosis. H and M fractions prepared by ion-exchange chromatography were found to produce more than one band; therefore, it was concluded that the available fractions were not pure. The formation and identification of bands were affected by the concentration of the antigen and the arrangement of the wells containing the antigen and serum. The optimal concentration of the antigen varied, depending on the position of these reagents. The method found most practical for the identification of bands in unknown sera consisted of selecting the optimal concentration of the components with a box titration, by use of antigen having both the H and M components, placing known positive sera in wells adjacent to the unknown sera, and studying the sera for lines of identity. The M band was usually closest to the antigen well, and the H was nearest the serum well. These bands could be reversed by dilution, adjusting the H antibodies so that they equalled or exceeded the M antibodies. One human serum in which the bands were reversed showed the H bands at a higher serum dilution than that obtained with the M band. Patients with culturally proven histoplasmosis had the M band in their serum regardless of the stage of disease or length of duration; only 4 of 10 patients in the active stage of histoplasmosis also had the H band. The low prevalence of the H band would eliminate it as a diagnostic tool for detecting the active stage of the disease. Other bands obtained with histoplasmin antigen in the sera from proven cases were of no assistance in determining the clinical status of the patient.


PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS' VIEWS OF ACTIVITY CRAFTSMEN.


MANAGEMENT OF SPEECH HANDICAPS IN CLINICAL PHYSICAL EDUCATION.


CHROMATOGRAPHY OF POLIOVIRUS ON CALCIUM PHOSPHATE AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF VACCINE PROGENY STRAINS. Ozaki, Yoshikatsu (Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.), Arwin R. Diwan, Mizuho Takizawa, and Joseph L. Melnick. Chromatography of poliovirus on calcium phosphate and its application to the identification of vaccine progeny strains. J. Bacteriol. 89:603-610. 1965.-Virulent and attenuated polioviruses were studied chromatographically with calcium phosphate as adsorbent and neutral phosphate buffer as eluent. For type 1, the attenuated LSc2ab strain and the virulent Mahoney strain were eluted at different salt concentrations. The peak of elution for the LSc2ab strain was at 0.3 m, whereas for the Mahoney strain it was at 0.05 m. No differences in elution pattern were noted with virulent and attenuated strains of poliovirus types 2 and 3. Except for a single instance, progeny strains isolated from vaccines or contacts 1 to 8 weeks after vaccination showed an elution pattern similar to the parent vaccine strain, or intermediate between the virulent and attenuated strains but still clearly distinguishable from wild-type virus. A virus population that possessed the same elution property as the virulent Mahoney strain could be separated from a number of progeny strains by chromatography. The ratio of this easily eluted population appeared to increase during the course of multiplication of vaccine virus in the human intestine. A virus population with the same elution profile as Mahoney seems to be present in the current LSc2ab oral polio vaccine, but as a very minor component. However, this component could readily be enriched by selecting for passage only those virus particles eluted at low salt concentrations. Heat-resistant, attenuated virus strains were selected from virulent type 1 strains by the Wallis-Melnick procedure of repetitive heating of progeny in AlCl(3). However, the elution pattern remained the same as that of the parent virulent virus.


EFFECTS OF HEAT ON THE INFECTING, ANTIBODY-ABSORBING, AND INTERFERING POWERS OF VACCINIA VIRUS. Galasso, G. J. (University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill), and D. G. Sharp. Effects of heat on the infecting, antibody-absorbing, and interfering powers of vaccinia virus. J. Bacteriol. 89:611-616. 1965.-At 56 C the infectivity of vaccinia virus particles is destroyed rapidly, but even when it is reduced by a factor of 10(6) the particles are capable of producing strong interference in L cells. The rate constant K for thermal inactivation of plaque-forming power is greater than that for interfering power by the factor e(3.8) or about 45 times. At 37 C both properties of the virus decline more slowly and at equal rates. The temperature coefficient of K is discontinuous in the region of 40 C, indicating quite different activation energies for the reactions above and below this critical point. The degradation of interfering power exhibits a similar discontinuity, although less in magnitude, but none has been found in the antibody-reactive power of the virus, which is much more heat resistant.


EFFECT OF THIOL-BINDING REAGENTS ON THE METABOLISM OF THIOSULFATE AND TETRATHIONATE BY THIOBACILLUS NEAPOLITANUS. Trudinger, P. A. (Division of Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia). Effect of thiol-binding reagents on the metabolism of thiosulfate and tetrathionate by Thiobacillus neapolitanus. J. Bacteriol. 89:617-625. 1965.-Iodoacetamide, N-ethyl maleimide (NEM), p-chloromercuribenzoate (CMB), Mercurochrome, and HgCl(2) inhibited the oxidation of thiosulfate to sulfate by Thiobacillus neapolitanus; tetrathionate accumulated under these conditions. High concentrations of the thiol-binding reagents lowered the rate of oxidation of thiosulfate to tetrathionate; inhibition by CMB was reversed by high concentrations of thiosulfate. Relatively low concentrations of the thiol-binding reagents completely inhibited the oxidation and anaerobic metabolism of tetrathionate. Similar reagents had no effect on a soluble thiosulfate-oxidizing enzyme. Inhibition by thiol-binding reagents was overcome by washing the bacteria with Na(2)S or thioethanol after their exposure to the inhibitors. Under some conditions, the addition of thiosulfate or tetrathionate to bacterial suspensions before the addition of the thiol-binding reagents prevented the inhibition of thiosulfate and tetrathionate metabolism by these reagents. Thiosulfate catalyzed a rapid chemical breakdown of NEM and reacted with iodoacetamide. A complex between thiosulfate and mercuribenzoate was demonstrated. Three types of thiol group appear to be associated with the metabolism of thiosulfate and tetrathionate; one of these types may be located at the bacterial cell membrane. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that thiols (or disulfide groups) are binding sites for the substrates.


A COMPARISON OF THE FLEXIBILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF WEIGHT TRAINING PERFECTIONISTS WITH THE FLEXIBILITY CHARACTERISTICS OF FOUR SPECIALIZED SKILL GROUPS OF COLLEGE ATHLETES.


MUTATIONS TO PENICILLIN RESISTANCE IN THE ENTEROBACTERIACEAE THAT AFFECT SENSITIVITY TO SERUM AND VIRULENCE FOR THE MOUSE. Roantree, Robert J. (Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif.), and John P. Steward. Mutations to penicillin resistance in the Enterobacteriaceae that affect sensitivity to serum and virulence for the mouse. J. Bacteriol 89:630-639. 1965.-Series of mutants resistant to benzylpenicillin or alpha-aminobenzylpenicillin were derived from serum-resistant strains of Escherichia coli and Salmonella by the gradientplate technique. Serum-sensitive mutants were detected in series derived from 16 of the 19 strains used, and these retained the parental O type. Most series were characterized by a mutational step to a high degree of sensitivity to serum. Penicillin-resistant mutants of virulent S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis were less virulent than the parent strains; those which were very sensitive to serum usually showed the greatest loss of virulence. One class of mutants from S. enteritidis was sensitive to human serum but virulent for mice. We found that the mice lack bactericidal antibody against this strain and that immunization with it leads to a high degree of protection.


EXCRETION AND DEGRADATION OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID BY BACILLUS SUBTILIS. Demain, A. L. (Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, N.J.), R. W. Burg, and D. Hendlin. Excretion and degradation of ribonucleic acid by Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 89:640-646. 1965.-Bacillus subtilis MB-1480 was found to produce several 5'-ribonucleotides in the extracellular medium, in addition to the previously found 5'-guanosine monophosphate and guanosine diphosphate. The nucleotides accumulated after excretion of high-molecular-weight ribonucleic acid (RNA) and subsequent extracellular breakdown. Excretion of RNA paralleled growth closely, and was accompanied by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein excretion. The process occurred in the absence of visible lysis. Whereas extracellular DNA was stable, the other macromolecules were degraded after excretion. With extracellular DNA as a measure of maximal lysis, it was calculated that the major part of the extracellular RNA must have been excreted by cells which had not undergone lysis.


PYRUVATE METABOLISM, CARBON DIOXIDE ASSIMILATION, AND NITROGEN FIXATION BY AN ACHROMOBACTER SPECIES. Hamilton, I. R. (University of Wisconsin, Madison), R. H. Burris, P. W. Wilson, and C. H. Wang. Pyruvate metabolism and carbon dioxide assimilation by an Achromobacter species. J. Bacteriol. 89:647-653. 1965.-Carbon dioxide fixation by washed whole cells of Achromobacter N4-B has been observed during anaerobic pyruvate metabolism with both nitrogen- and NH(4) (+)-grown cells. Labeled sodium bicarbonate-C(14) was assimilated into cells by a mechanism requiring pyruvate under conditions of nitrogen fixation, nitrogenase induction, and assimilation of NH(4) (+). Of the assimilated radioactivity, 89% appeared in six amino acids and two ninhydrin-positive unknown compounds, with the distribution of the label essentially independent of the nitrogen nutritional state of the organism. Aspartic and glutamic acids were the most highly labeled, with lesser amounts in glycine, alanine, ornithine, arginine, and the unknowns. All of the radioactivity extracted from these cells by ethanol-boiling water appeared in a protein fraction precipitated by 20% trichloroacetic acid. Radiorespirometric experiments with individually labeled pyruvate substrates demonstrated the preferential decarboxylation of the C-1 of pyruvate by this organism in a flowing helium gas phase. This decarboxylation was almost completely inhibited by using flowing nitrogen in place of helium; the addition of 0.5% CO(2) to the flowing nitrogen prevented inhibition and allowed 70% of the expected CO(2) evolution. These results, coupled with those from growth experiments, indicate a carbon dioxide requirement for anaerobic growth and pyruvate metabolism, which appears to be coupled to the formation of protein precursors.


REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF ISOLEUCINE AND VALINE. II. IDENTIFICATION OF TWO OPERATOR GENES. Ramakrishnan, T. (Yale University, New Haven, Conn.), and Edward A. Adelberg. Regulatory mechanisms in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine. II. Identification of two operator genes. J. Bacteriol. 89:654-660. 1965.-A tightly clustered set of five structural genes governs the synthesis of the five enzymes of isoleucine and valine biosynthesis in Escherichia coli. Three of the genes governing transaminase B, dehydrase, and threonine deaminase, are controlled by a single operator locus, designated oprA. The structural gene governing the condensing enzyme is controlled by a second operator locus, designated oprB. Both oprA and oprB have been shown to regulate structural genes which are cis, but not trans, to their own operator. No mutations have yet been found which affect the level of reductoisomerase, but the existence of a third operator controlling the synthesis of this enzyme can be inferred. Enzyme derepression resulting from mutations in oprA confers resistance to high levels of valine. Derepression of the condensing enzyme resulting from mutations in oprB confers resistance to low levels of valine, and to alpha-aminobutyric acid. The significance of these findings with respect to the valine sensitivity of E. coli strain K-12 is discussed.


REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN THE BIOSYNTHESIS OF ISOLEUCINE AND VALINE. 3. MAP ORDER OF THE STRUCTURAL GENES AND OPERATOR GENES. Ramakrishnan, T. (Yale University, New Haven, Conn.), and Edward A. Adelberg. Regulatory mechanisms in the biosynthesis of isoleucine and valine. III. Map order of the structural genes and operator genes. J. Bacteriol. 89:661-664. 1965.-A new method has been employed to determine the map order of the structural genes and operator genes governing the enzymes of the isoleucine-valine biosynthetic pathway. This method relies on the observation that phage transduction of markers carried on an F-genote leads to the establishment in the recipient of F-genotes of various lengths. Using this method, we have established that the order of loci is the following: F/ilvE ilvD ilvA oprA/ilvC/ilvB oprB. The operator locus, oprA, regulates the activity of structural genes ilvE (transaminase B), ilvD (dehydrase), and ilvA (threonine deaminase). The operator locus, oprB, regulates the activity of ilvB (condensing enzyme). An operator for ilvC (reductoisomerase) can be inferred to exist, but has not yet been detected genetically. The loci ilvB and oprB have been shown to be at the extreme right end of the sequence, but their positions relative to each other remain to be established.


THERMOINACTIVATION OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS AND CYTOMEGALOVIRUS. Plummer, Gordon (Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.), and Brian Lewis. Thermoinactivation of herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus. J. Bacteriol. 89:671-674. 1965.-The stability of herpes simplex virus and of human cytomegalovirus at 4, 22, 36, and 50 C was studied. A plateau or lag phase, during which no loss of viability was detected, was a constant feature of the inactivation curves of herpesvirus and cytomegalovirus at 36 and 22 C and of herpesvirus at 4 C. Unlike herpesvirus, cytomegalovirus was repeatedly found to be less stable at 4 C (and at 10 C) than at room temperature (22 C). Extracellular herpesvirus harvested from the supernatant culture fluid seemed to be more stable than intracellular virus obtained by sonic disintegration of the infected cells. Serum had a stabilizing effect at 36 C on both intracellular and extracellular virus.


CLASSIFICATION OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE (VIBRIO COMMA), INCLUDING EL TOR VIBRIOS, BY INFRASUBSPECIFIC CHARACTERISTICS. Feeley, John C. (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.). Classification of Vibrio cholerae (Vibrio comma), including El Tor vibrios, by infrasubspecific characteristics. J. Bacteriol. 89:665-670. 1965.-A study of the properties of 220 serotype O group I vibrios indicated striking similarity in most of their properties. However, by using four tests often applied in the identification of the El Tor vibrio, five types were identified and characterized as follows: type 1 strains, phage IV-sensitive, nonhemolytic by tube and plate methods, unable to agglutinate chicken red cells (CCA), and Voges-Proskauer (VP) negative or weakly positive at 22 C; type 2, same as type 1 except for CCA; type 3, phage IV-resistant, CCA and VP usually positive, and strongly hemolytic by tube and plate methods; type 4, same as type 3, except hemolytic only by plate method unless culture has undergone pronounced rugose variation; and Type 5, same as type 3, except stably nonhemolytic. Type 1 and type 3 strains possess the characteristics usually ascribed to classic cholera vibrios and El Tor vibrios, respectively. Geographical and chronological distribution of the types is discussed. The thesis is presented that it is invalid to recognize two species, V. cholerae and V. eltor, because alleged differences are infrasubspecific. Recognition of a single species, V. cholerae, consisting of several types, is recommended.


EFFECT OF HEMIN ON THE FORMATION OF THE CYTOCHROME SYSTEM OF ANAEROBICALLY GROWN STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS. Jacobs, N. J. (Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, N.H.), and S. F. Conti. Effect of hemin on the formation of the cytochrome system of anaerobically grown Staphylococcus epidermidis. J. Bacteriol. 89:675-679. 1965.-The cytochrome content and respiratory capacity of cells of a strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis grown in complex media under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were determined. Difference spectra revealed cytochromes of the a, b(1), and o types in aerobically grown cells. These cells respired at a rate of 66 muliters of O(2) per hr per mg of cells (dry weight). The cytochrome content of anaerobically grown cells was markedly reduced, and trace amounts only of cytochromes of the b(1) and o type were visible. The respiratory rate, with glucose as substrate, was reduced to about one-tenth of that observed in aerobically grown cells. Cells grown anaerobically in medium supplemented with hemin had as high a content of pigments resembling cytochromes b(1) and o as did aerobically grown cells; the respiratory rate was 60% of that observed in aerobically grown cells. Cytochrome of the a type, similar to that found in aerobically grown cells, was not detected.


EFFECT OF INTEGRATED SEX FACTOR ON TRANSDUCTION OF CHROMOSOMAL GENES IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. Pittard, James (Yale University, New Haven, Conn.). Effect of integrated sex factor on the transduction of chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 89:680-686. 1965.-Generalized transducing phage P1kc can contransduce the markers tna and ilv in Escherichia coli K-12 at a frequency of approximately 25%. When sex factor is integrated into the donor chromosome between tna and ilv, as in Hfr AB313, the entire sequence tna F ilv is not cotransduced at a detectable frequency, nor is F cotransduced with either tna or ilv. The frequency with which ilv is transduced from Hfr AB313 to female recipients is approximately one-eighth the frequency obtained when either F(+) or female strains are used as donors. This reduction of transduction frequency does not occur if the recipient is an Hfr male similar to AB313. The reduction is attributed to pairing difficulties which occur when the transduced fragment carrying the ilv genes also carries sex-factor material. When ilv(+) is transduced from a female to an ilv(-) derivative of AB313, 70% of the transductants are converted to F(+) males. A model is proposed to account for all of these observations.


EFFECT OF ETHIONINE ON THE RIBONUCLEIC ACID, DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID, AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF ESCHERICHIA COLI. Smith, Robert C. (Auburn University, Auburn, Ala.), and W. D. Salmon. Effect of ethionine on the ribonucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, and protein content of Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 89:687-692. 1965.-The addition of ethionine to cultures of Escherichia coli K-12 W6, a methionine-requiring auxotroph, led to inhibition of the rate of increase in optical density when the ratio of ethionine to methionine was 200:1. When the ratio was 600:1, the increase in optical density became linear. When ethionine was substituted for methionine in the medium, the optical density of the culture increased, and there was a parallel increase in protein content. There was no cell division in these cultures. The rate of synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) in a culture containing ethionine was similar to that of a culture deprived of methionine, but the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid in a culture with ethionine was about twice that of a culture deprived of methionine. No detectable radioactivity from ethionine-ethyl-1-C(14) was incorporated into RNA. Ethionine-ethyl-1-C(14) was readily incorporated into the protein fraction.


MIXED-CULTURE INTERACTIONS. I. COMMENSALISM OF PROTEUS VULGARIS WITH SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE IN CONTINUOUS CULTURE. Shindala, Adnan (Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg), Henry R. Bungay III, Noel R. Krieg, and Kathleen Culbert. Mixed-culture interactions. I. Commensalism of Proteus vulgaris with Saccharomyces cerevisiae in continuous culture. J. Bacteriol. 89:693-696. 1965.-A chemically defined medium was selected which supported the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but not Proteus vulgaris, in pure culture; however, P. vulgaris grew in mixed culture with the yeast. Steady-state populations of each organism in mixed culture at various dilution rates were enumerated with a Coulter electronic counter. The size differences in the organisms permitted easy resolution. An essential niacinlike factor elaborated by the yeast and required by the bacterium caused a dependence of the bacterium on the growth of the yeast. At high dilution rates causing wash-out, the bacterial population continued to reflect changes in the numbers of yeast. The numbers of S. cerevisiae were identical in pure culture or in mixed culture; thus, the interaction is a true commensalism. A single addition of niacin or related compound was made to a steady-state mixed culture, and the dependence of the bacterium on the yeast was upset. The numbers of the bacteria rose, causing a decrease in the yeast population, until continued pumping diluted the added niacin and restored the initial steady state.


COFACTOR-DEPENDENT ALDOSE DEHYDROGENASE OF RHODOPSEUDOMONAS SPHEROIDES. Niederpruem, Donald J. (University of California, Berkeley), and Michael Doudoroff. Cofactor-dependent aldose dehydrogenase of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides. J. Bacteriol. 89:697-705. 1965.-Particulate enzyme preparations of cell extracts of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides possess constitutive dehydrogenase and oxidase activities for aldose sugars, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH(2)), and succinate. The dehydrogenation of aldoses requires an unidentified cofactor which is not required for the oxidation of succinate nor of NADH(2). The cofactor is present in the particulate fraction of aerobic cells, but is unavailable to the enzyme system. It can be liberated by boiling or by treatment with salts at high concentration. The cofactor also appears in the soluble fraction of aerobic cells, but only after exponential growth has ceased. Extracts of cells grown anaerobically in the light possess the apoenzyme, but not the cofactor, for aldose oxidation. Cofactor activity was found in extracts of Bacterium anitratum (= Moraxella sp.) but not in Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, yeast, or mouse liver. In 0.075 m tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-phosphoric acid buffer (pH 7.3), the oxidation of NADH(2) was stimulated and succinoxidase was inhibited by high salt concentrations.


PROTEIN AND NUCLEIC ACID SYNTHESIS IN TWO MUTANTS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI WITH TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE AMINOACYL RIBONUCLEIC ACID SYNTHETASES. Eidlic, Lia (Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.), and Frederick C. Neidhardt. Protein and nucleic acid synthesis in two mutants of Escherichia coli with temperature-sensitive aminoacyl ribonucleic acid synthetases. J. Bacteriol. 89:706-711. 1965.-Two temperature-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli were isolated which grow almost normally at 30 C and fail to grow at 37 C. One (I-9) was derived from a strain with stringent amino acid control of ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis; the other (IV-4) was derived from a strain with relaxed amino acid control of RNA synthesis. When cultures of these mutants growing at 30 C were shifted to 37 C, IV-4 synthesized RNA preferentially to protein but I-9 did not. Cell-free extracts of both mutants and their parent strains were examined for their ability to catalyze adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent attachment of amino acids to soluble RNA (sRNA). These measurements indicated that I-9 possesses a temperature-sensitive valyl sRNA synthetase, and that IV-4 possesses a temperature-sensitive phenylalanyl sRNA synthetase. The behavior of these mutants suggests that amino acids permit RNA synthesis in stringent strains only after activation or attachment to sRNA, that relaxed strains can overproduce RNA without a complete array of fully functioning aminoacyl sRNA synthetases, and that these enzymes are obligatory for the biosynthesis of proteins.


GENETIC INSTABILITY IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. Schwartz, Norman M. (Yale University, New Haven, Conn.). Genetic instability in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 89:712-717. 1965.-Results obtained from a transductional analysis demonstrated that an extremely unstable reversion of lac(-) is a suppressor mutation. This mutation suppresses 2 of 22 different lac(-) alleles tested. Five different Hfr strains transferred the suppressor soon after mating and at low frequency. Acridine orange enhanced the segregation of lac(-) clones from the unstable suppressed mutant. Stable suppressed lac(-) clones were produced by the unstable suppressed mutant. Two such stable suppressors were transferred at high frequency and mapped at different chromosomal sites on the basis of time of entry data. One of the stable suppressed lac(-) mutants reverted to the unstable suppressed lac(-) state. It is proposed that the suppressor is carried on an extrachromosomal element. The differences in stability observed may reflect differences in the state of the suppressor-bearing element.


FACTORS AFFECTING THE RATE OF KILLING OF ESCHERICHIA COLI BY REPEATED FREEZING AND THAWING. Packer, Elliot L. (University of California, Davis), John L. Ingraham, and Stanley Scher. Factors affecting the rate of killing of Escherichia coli by repeated freezing and thawing. J. Bacteriol. 89:718-724. 1965.-Repeated freezing and thawing of cultures of Escherichia coli grown in a minimal medium and frozen in the same medium without carbon source resulted in a linear decrease in the log of the number of surviving cells as a function of the number of freeze-thaw cycles. The slope of this curve, which can be determined accurately, is an index of susceptibility of a culture to death by freezing and thawing. The effect of the physiological state of the culture on the killing rate was determined. Contrary to previous reports, the phase of growth, the state of aerobiosis, and the density of the culture had no effect on the degree of susceptibility to death by freezing and thawing. However, presence of spent growth medium (a filtrate of a stationary culture) in the freezing medium protected cells against death by freezing and thawing. Protection by spent growth medium is effective at high dilutions (1:10(5)), and is lost if spent growth medium is heated in the presence of alkali. It is suggested that the protection afforded by spent growth medium accounts for differences between our results and those reported in the literature.


REPLICATION OF MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE IN BROTH CULTURE. Low, Iolanda E. (Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.), and Monroe D. Eaton. Replication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in broth culture. J. Bacteriol. 89:725-728. 1965.-Reproducible growth curves of Mycoplasma pneumoniae can be obtained with the use of shaking cultures, which allows earlier and higher yields of the organism than stationary or roller cultures. Decreasing oxygen tension clearly decreases the growth of M. pneumoniae to barely detectable levels, with or without glucose or pyruvate as substrates. The use of phenol red as a pH indicator in the medium is helpful in judging the replication of a culture so that log-phase organisms can be harvested in large amounts.


RELATIONSHIP OF CARBON DIOXIDE TO ASPARTIC ACID AND GLUTAMIC ACID IN ACTINOMYCES NAESLUNDII. Buchanan, B. B. (Duke University, Durham, N.C.), and Leo Pine. Relationship of carbon dioxide to aspartic acid and glutamic acid in Actinomyces naeslundi. J. Bacteriol. 89:729-733. 1965.-CO(2), which was essential for the fermentation of glucose to succinic acid by Actinomyces naeslundii, was also required for the synthesis of internal aspartic acid, for which the cells lack a permease.


SYNTHESIS AND BREAKDOWN OF THE POLYPHOSPHATE FRACTION AND ACID PHOSPHOMONOESTERASE OF SACCHAROMYCES MELLIS AND THEIR LOCATIONS IN THE CELL. Weimberg, Ralph (Northern Regional Research Laboratory, Peoria, Ill.), and William L. Orton. Synthesis and breakdown of the polyphosphate fraction and acid phosphomonoesterase of Saccharomyces mellis and their locations in the cell. J. Bacteriol. 89:740-747. 1965.-The conditions for accumulation of polyphosphate in cells of Saccharomyces mellis differ in several respects from those for acid phosphomonoesterase biosynthesis and maintenance. Polyphosphate can be synthesized or degraded in vivo by resting cells, provided an energy source is present. Experiments with growing cells indicate that the enzyme systems involved in the metabolism of the polyphosphate fraction are constitutive, since cells respond immediately to changes in the level of inorganic phosphate in the external medium. There is no change in the acid phosphatase level in either resting cells or in cells in the lag phase of growth. Enzyme formation or breakdown occurs only in cells that are exponentially dividing. Enzyme is lost rapidly from derepressed cells when they are transferred to a phosphate-rich medium, falling to a very low value by the time the cell mass had doubled. Protoplasts of repressed cells were prepared to determine the location of ortho- and polyphosphates in the cell. Previous studies have shown that phosphomonoesterase is released as a soluble enzyme when derepressed cells become protoplasts. Unlike phosphomonoesterase in derepressed cells, the two phosphate fractions in repressed cells are still attached to the protoplast after the cell wall has been digested and are eluted only when the protoplast structure is lysed in cold water. However, it is also possible to extract a part of the two phosphate fractions from intact cells in the absence of snail gut extract by osmotic shock if the cells are first suspended in a solution of high salt concentration. This treatment with salt does not affect viability. These results do not permit a definite conclusion concerning the location of ortho- and polyphosphates in the cell, other than that they are associated with the protoplast and thus occupy a position different from that of the phosphomonoesterase.


CORRELATION OF FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY, HISTOPATHOLOGY, AND CULTURE ON TISSUES FROM 372 ANIMALS EXAMINED FOR HISTOPLASMOSIS AND BLASTOMYCOSIS. Porter, Billie M. (Communicable Disease Center, Kansas City, Kan.), Barbara K. Comfort, Robert W. Menges, Robert T. Habermann, and Coy D. Smith. Correlation of fluorescent antibody, histopathology, and culture on tissues from 372 animals examined for histoplasmosis and blastomycosis. J. Bacteriol. 89:748-751. 1965.-In a survey in the midwestern United States, tissues from 372 animals including 16 species were examined for Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis. All of the specimens were cultured and studied by use of the fluorescent-antibody (FA) technique, and histopathological studies of tissue sections were done. Among the 372 animals, 300 were negative by all three methods of examination, 34 had blastomycosis, and 21 had histoplasmosis. The remaining 17 were positive for histoplasmosis with the FA technique but were negative by histopathology and culture. An animal was considered to have histoplasmosis or blastomycosis only when the specific fungus was isolated or demonstrated in tissue sections or exudates from cutaneous lesions. Of the 34 blastomycosis cases, 25 (74%) were positive by FA, 32 (94%) by histopathology, and 11 (32%) by culture. Of the 21 histoplasmosis cases, 15 (71%) were positive by FA, 16 (76%) by histopathology, and 14 (67%) by culture. It appeared that FA, histopathology, or culture alone was insufficient for a diagnosis. All three techniques should be employed for the most satisfactory diagnostic results.


PREPARATION OF FLUORESCEIN ISOTHIOCYANATE-LABELED GAMMA-GLOBULIN BY DIALYSIS, GEL FILTRATION, AND IONEXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY IN COMBINATION. Dedmon, Robert E. (Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital, Chicago, Ill.), Albert W. Holmes, and Friedrich Deinhardt. Preparation of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled gamma-globulin by dialysis, gel filtration, and ion-exchange chromatography in combination. J. Bacteriol. 89:734-739. 1965.-Antiviral immune gamma-globulins isolated from rabbit and guinea pig sera were labeled through dialysis membranes with fluorescein isothiocyanate and purified in several ways to eliminate nonspecific staining. Gel filtration of the conjugate with Sephadex G-25 coarse beads followed by column fractionation with diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex yielded consistently highly specific staining materials. Fluorescein-protein ratios varied between 1.0 and 4.0. This technique has proved to be simple and reliable, and is less time-consuming than previous techniques.


TAXONOMY OF PSEUDOMONAS PISCICIDA (BEIN) BUCK, MEYERS, AND LEIFSON. Hansen, A. J. (University of Idaho, Moscow), O. B. Weeks, and R. R. Colwell. Taxonomy of Pseudomonas piscicida (Bein) Buck, Meyers, and Leifson. J. Bacteriol. 89:752-761. 1965.-Twenty strains of marine bacteria showing the properties of pigmentation and icthyotoxicity were studied for selected physiological features. A quantitative taxonomic analysis with an electronic computer was performed. Eighteen species of Pseudomonas were included in the computer analysis as reference strains. The marine collection formed a homogeneous cluster, 80% similarity, and showed a 67 to 70% similarity to certain of the Pseudomonas species: P. atlantica, P. geniculata, P. synxantha, and P. taetrolens. The marine strains are treated as a phenon describing the species P. piscicida. The species was characterized by the hypothetical Median Organism concept; P. piscicida 14 corresponded most closely to the Median Organism.


CIRCUMVENTION OF THE MYCOBACTIN REQUIREMENT OF MYCOBACTERIUM PARATUBERCULOSIS. Morrison, Norman E. (Johns Hopkins University-Leonard Wood Memorial Leprosy Research Laboratory, Baltimore, Md.). Circumvention of the mycobactin requirement of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. J. Bacteriol. 89:762-767. 1965.-The mycobactin growth requirement of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was circumvented on glucose-containing synthetic medium with an initial pH of 5.5. Mycobactin was required during the first transfer on the synthetic medium. Subsequent transfers have grown in the absence of mycobactin. The growth of mycobactin-"independent" strains of M. paratuberculosis on the synthetic medium was found to be stimulated by low concentrations of mycobactin. The circumvention of the mycobactin requirement appears to depend upon the properties of the medium and not upon having created conditions which promote endogenous mycobactin synthesis. Investigation of the glucose-containing synthetic medium showed that: (i) growth stimulatory compounds were formed during autoclaving, and (ii) compared with neutrality a pH of 5.5 gave markedly increased pellicle yields. It was suggested that the growth-stimulatory compounds formed during autoclaving may in part be responsible for the circumvention of the mycobactin requirement.


LIPIDS OF SARCINA LUTEA. 3. COMPOSITION OF THE COMPLEX LIPIDS. Huston, Charles K. (Fort Detrick, Frederick, Md.), Phillip W. Albro, and Gerald B. Grindey. Lipids of Sarcina lutea. III. Composition of the complex lipids. J. Bacteriol. 89:768-775. 1965.-The complex lipids from a strain of Sarcina lutea were isolated and separated into fractions on diethylaminoethyl cellulose acetate and silicic acid columns. These fractions were monitored in several thin-layer chromatography systems. The various lipid types were characterized by their behavior in thin-layer systems and by an analysis of their hydrolysis products. The fatty acid composition of the column fractions was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. A number of components (13) were separated by thin-layer chromatography and characterized. The major components were polyglycerol phosphatide (17.0%), lipoamino acids (15.1%), phosphatidyl glycerol (13.8%), and an incompletely characterized substance (15.0%). Minor constituents included phosphatidyl inositol (5.5%), phosphatidic acid (4.2%), phosphatidyl serine (2.0%), and phosphatidyl choline (1.0%). No phosphatidyl ethanolamine was observed.


DETECTION AND PERSISTENCE OF VI ANTIGEN IN TISSUES OF ACTIVELY IMMUNIZED MICE. Gaines, Sidney (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C.), Julius A. Currie, and Joseph G. Tully. Detection and persistence of Vi antigen in tissues of actively immunized mice. J. Bacteriol. 89:776-781. 1965.-The presence, distribution, and persistence of Vi antigen in mouse tissue was determined by means of active immunization tests with tissue extracts. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with purified Vi antigen or Vi-containing bacilli. At appropriate intervals, animals were killed, and saline extracts of their tissues were prepared. Mice were immunized with these extracts and challenged 6 days later with 10 ld(50) of Salmonella typhosa Ty2. Protection was afforded by tissue extracts from Vi-injected mice, but not by normal tissue extracts. That the immunizing capacity of tissue extracts from Vi-injected mice was attributable to Vi antigen was affirmed by the demonstration that these extracts stimulated the production of Vi antibody in mice, coated erythrocytes for agglutination by Vi antiserum, and inhibited agglutination of Vi-sensitized red blood cells by known Vi antisera. Vi antigen could be detected in the liver and spleen of mice injected with as little as 1 mug. In mice given 150 mug, the antigen was still present in liver tissue 231 days later.


BACTERIOPHAGE DEOXYRIBONUCLEATE INFECTION OF COMPETENT BACILLUS SUBTILIS. Reilly, Bernard E. (Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio), and John Spizizen. Bacteriophage deoxyribonucleate infection of competent Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 89:782-790. 1964.-Phenol extracts of the Bacillus subtilis bacteriophages phi1, phi25, and phi29 contained infectious deoxyribonucleic acid. The infectivity was destroyed by catalytic amounts of deoxyribonuclease but not by specific phage antiserum, ribonuclease, or trypsin. An infectivity of >10(6) infectious centers formed per mug of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) added was obtained. The stability of the infectious centers permitted an examination of a single cycle of phage replication in cells unable to adsorb the mature virus. A typical cycle was observed, although the latent period was increased and the burst size slightly reduced after DNA infection. The development of competence for bacterial transformation was strongly correlated with susceptibility to viral DNA infection. Both appeared and disappeared at the same phase of growth in the cell population. More than 4% of the viable cells in the competent population were infected by viral DNA. The kinetics of the transition of phi29 DNA infection to deoxyribonuclease insensitivity, and the relationship of infectivity to DNA dilution, were similar to the results obtained for bacterial transformation of a single marker. The doseresponse curve of phi1 and phi25 DNA was characteristic of that obtained in multiple transformation of unlinked genetic markers. Because of the low efficiency of infection, about 10(-4) per phage equivalent of DNA added, it was not possible to prove that DNA alone was sufficient to initiate infection.


RHYTHMIC RESPONSE OF SERRATIA MARCESCENS TO ELEVATED TEMPERATURE. Dimmick, Robert L. (University of California, Berkeley). Rhythmic response of Serratia marcescens to elevated temperature. J. Bacteriol. 89:791-798. 1965.-Populations of Serratia marcescens of varied ages and pretreatments, which had been grown in a chemically defined medium, were subjected to thermal stress at 50 to 56 C. The numbers of survivors were plotted vs. time to form survivor curves, and the curves were assembled to form three-dimensional models. The manner in which survivors varied as a function of age and time of heating was variable and often rhythmic. Different three-dimensional patterns were found when different inoculum for the test culture was used. Apparently some "dead" cells again produced colonies after extended heating periods (recuperation); this tendency varied with the age of the culture. Diminutive colony forms, which produced normal colonies upon transfer, appeared and disappeared during heating; this tendency fluctuated with age. It is suggested that survivor curves represent a distribution of resistant forms within the population, and that this distribution varies in a manner best described in terms of servomechanistic response within each cell and within a given culture. Difficulties of attempting to relate changes in specific molecular species to subsequent whole-cell responses are discussed.


GROWTH RATE AND TOXICITY OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. Shands, J. W. (University of Florida, Gainesville). Growth rate and toxicity of Salmonella typhimurium. J. Bacteriol. 89:799-802. 1965.-Salmonella typhimurium was grown at a rapid rate in enriched medium and at an extremely slow rate in a chemostat. Greater than fivefold differences in size were produced. However, there was no appreciable difference in the toxicity of equal numbers of organisms, as determined by ld(50) in BCG-infected mice.


USE OF LIGATED SEGMENTS OF RABBIT SMALL INTESTINE IN EXPERIMENTAL SHIGELLOSIS. Arm, H. G. (Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Md.), T. M. Floyd, J. E. Faber, and J. R. Hayes. Use of ligated segments of rabbit small intestine in experimental shigellosis. J. Bacteriol. 89:803-809. 1965.-Inoculation of ligated segments of small intestine in living rabbits with broth cultures or resting-cell suspensions of recently isolated strains of Shigella caused distension of the segments by accumulation of exudate within 12 hr. Histological changes characteristic of an inflammatory response were similar to those of human bacillary dysentery. Tissue response and accumulation of exudate preceded demonstrable increase in numbers of shigellae inoculated as 2 x 10(10) resting cells. Capability of shigellae to provoke intestinal response was not related to any particular serological group. The active principles concerned with eliciting intestinal response were associated only with preparations containing living organisms. Ability of recently isolated strains to elicit response diminished rapidly during culture on artificial media. The capability was preserved indefinitely by lyophilization soon after isolation from acute bacillary dysentery infections of man. Advantages of using shigellae recently isolated for investigating possible mechanisms of pathogenesis were indicated. During the summer months, the rabbit small intestine was refractory to the activity of shigellae, and positive responses were not observed. Use of ligated segments of rabbit small intestine qualified as an indicator of virulence for the rabbit; and, virulence for the rabbit showed a high degree of correlation with a short period of culture of shigellae on artificial media after isolation from human bacillary dysentery infections.


ENZYMES OF GLUCOSE CATABOLISM IN A MEMBER OF THE PSITTACOSIS GROUP. Moulder, James W. (University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.), Dorothy L. Grisso, and Robert R. Brubaker. Enzymes of glucose catabolism in a member of the psittacosis group. J. Bacteriol. 89:810-812. 1965.-Extracts of preparations of the agent of meningopneumonitis made from infected chick-embryo allantoic fluid contained three enzymes of the pentose pathway of glucose degradation: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and phosphoglucose isomerase. Vertical starch-gel electrophoresis showed that the two dehydrogenases were qualitatively different from the corresponding enzymes of the host. Enzymes of the Embden-Meyerhof and Entner-Doudoroff pathways were not found.


HEMOLYSIN OF MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE.

HEMOLYSIN OF MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAE. Somerson, Norman L. (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md.), Robert H. Purcell, David Taylor-Robinson, and Robert M. Chanock. Hemolysin of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. J. Bacteriol. 89:813-818. 1965.-Discrete colonies of Mycoplasma pneumoniae or M. laidlawii on agar produced complete (beta) lysis of guinea pig erythrocytes. Crowding of colonies on agar plates, omission of yeast extract from the medium, and incubation under reduced oxygen tension inhibited hemolysin production. Colonies which were not viable after ultraviolet radiation or heating at 56 C did not produce hemolysin. In addition, hemolysis was suppressed in old cultures in which viability was diminished, and was eliminated when colonies were removed from the agar surface by micromanipulation. The hemolysin passed through a viscose dialysis membrane. These findings suggest that the hemolysin is labile, continuously released by the colonies, of low molecular weight, and probably nonprotein in nature.


VOLATILE FATTY ACID REQUIREMENT OF A STRAIN OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES. Larson, A. D. (Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge), L. V. Hattier, and C. S. McCleskey. Volatile fatty acid requirement of a strain of Listeria monocytogenes. J. Bacteriol. 89:819-824. 1965.-Listeria monocytogenes strain 2 requires either isobutyric or 2-methylbutyric acid for growth. Elucidation of this requirement began with characterization of the growth-enhancing substance in culture filtrates of Aerobacter aerogenes. A. aerogenes required tryptose, glucose, and aerobic conditions for excretion of active fatty acids into the medium. Commercial preparations of isobutyric, 2-methylbutyric, isovaleric, 3-methylvaleric, and n-valeric acid supported the growth of strain 2. Purification of these fatty acids by gas chromatography demonstrated that strain 2 responded significantly only to isobutyric and 2-methylbutyric acid. Amines, alcohols, and hydroxy fatty acids, which were structurally related to the active acids, did not satisfy the fatty acid requirement of L. monocytogenes strain 2. Only one isolate (strain 2) of 128 cultures of L. monocytogenes required volatile fatty acid for growth.


ENERGY SUPPLY FOR THE CHEMOAUTOTROPH FERROBACILLUS FERROOXIDANS. Dugan, Patrick R. (Syracuse University, Syracuse, N.Y.), and Donald G. Lundgren. Energy supply for the chemoautotroph Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans. J. Bacteriol. 89:825-834. 1965.-A working model is proposed to explain dissimilatory ferrous iron oxidation by Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans, that is, oxidation linked to an energy source. The model is supported by experimental evidence reported here as well as in the literature. Polarographic assays of the culture medium demonstrated an iron "complex" involving oxygen. The initial "complex" would be oxygenated, but not oxidized because no electron transport has taken place. The "complex" is formed in solution or on the cell surface and is somehow reacted with iron oxidase (or oxygenase), resulting in the release of an electron. Either sulfate or a flavoprotein is suggested as involved in the initial electron-transfer link between iron and the cell. The electron is transported in the cell through a typical electron-transport system involving coenzyme Q(6), cytochrome c, and cytochrome a; oxygen is the final electron acceptor. Electron micrographs of intact and sectioned cells are included to show structural detail in support of the model.


RESTORATION OF VIRULENCE TO A STRAIN OF SHIGELLA FLEXNERI BY MATING WITH ESCHERICHIA COLI. Formal, Samuel B. (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C.), E. H. LaBrec, H. Schneider, and Stanley Falkow. Restoration of virulence to a strain of Shigella flexneri by mating with Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 89:835-838. 1965.-Three spontaneous avirulent variants of Shigella flexneri 5 were isolated and employed as genetic recipients in matings with Escherichia coli K-12. The various hybrid classes isolated from these matings were subsequently examined for their ability to induce keratoconjunctivitis and to kill pretreated guinea pigs. All hybrids derived from two of the variants remained avirulent. A majority of the mal(+) hybrids of the third avirulent variant were observed to be restored to complete virulence.


RAPID METHODS OF STAINING BACTERIAL SPORES AT ROOM TEMPERATURE. Lechtman, M. D. (University of Southern California, Los Angeles), J. W. Bartholomew, A. Phillips, and M. Russo. Rapid methods of staining bacterial spores at room temperature. J. Bacteriol. 89:848-854. 1965.-Spores of Bacillus subtilis var. niger were stained in 2 min at room temperature, after suitable pretreatment, with a dye reagent composed of 2% crystal violet in 1% phenol and 26% ethanol. Pretreatments included heat fixation to 260 C, mechanical rupture, and hydrolysis at room temperature in 44 n H(3)PO(4) for 5 min, 33.4 n H(3)PO(4) for 10 min, 12 n HCl for 5 sec, 6 n HCl for 2 min, 12 n HNO(3) for 5 sec, and 6 n HNO(3) for 60 sec. Acid hydrolysis at 60 C enabled the lowering of both acid concentration and time: 33.4 n H(3)PO(4) for 15 sec, 25.9 n H(3)PO(4) for 60 sec, 2 n HCl for 30 sec, 1 n HCl for 30 sec, 2 n HNO(3) for 15 sec, and 1 n HNO(3) for 30 sec. After acid treatment, 1 n NaOH was used as a neutralization agent. The cytological manifestations of these pretreatments, examined in an electron microscope after replication, showed definite degradation of spore coats, which probably explains the increase in dye permeability. The pretreatments were evaluated for use in a differential staining procedure for spores and vegetative cells. They were found to be too drastic in that they resulted in replacement of the primary dye by the 0.25% safranine counter stain in both vegetative cells and endospores. Less drastic pretreatments, such as 6 n HNO(3) for 10 sec at room temperature, gave good differential stains, but failed to stain some free spores. The staining techniques above were evaluated with six species of Bacillus and were found to apply to all.


ELECTRON MICROSCOPE OBSERVATIONS ON INTACT CELLS, PROTOPLASTS, AND THE CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE OF BACILLUS STEAROTHERMOPHILUS. Abram, Dinah (Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.). Electron microscope observations on intact cells, protoplasts, and the cytoplasmic membrane of Bacillus stearothermophilus. J. Bacteriol. 89:855-873. 1965.-Negatively stained preparations of protoplasts and fragments of cytoplasmic membranes from cells of Bacillus stearothermophilus ruptured by treatment with sonic oscillation, partial lysis with lysozyme, autolysis, or phage infection were examined electron microscopically. Specimens of intact cells also were examined by the same technique. The following structural details were revealed. Intact or nearly intact, partially swollen, elongated protoplasts and their ghosts have a characteristic differentiated surface texture and can easily be distinguished from the cell wall. Infoldings of the cytoplasmic membrane can be observed in these protoplasts, to which flagella are attached; the latter originate via hooks from "basal structures" that are in close association with the cytoplasmic membrane or part of it. Abundant intracytoplasmic membranous elements, which appear to be tubular or vesicular, can be seen in whole cells of three of the strains studied. The fine structure of the cytoplasmic membrane and probably that of its intracytoplasmic infoldings was observed on flattened and folded membrane fragments, one layer thick. Structural units, roughly spherical, 65 to 85 A in diameter, were present on one side of the cytoplasmic membrane, facing the cytoplasm. They were attached loosely to the membrane by fine stalks, 40 to 60 A long, and were easily detached, probably leaving the stalks behind them on the membrane. While the greater stability of membranes from thermophiles made this study of the fine structure possible, the structural units described were demonstrated also on cytoplasmic membranes from mesophiles.


CHARACTERISTICS AND INTERMEDIATES OF SHORT-TERM C-14-O-2 INCORPORATION DURING RIBOSE OXIDATION BY HYDROGENOMONAS FACILIS. McFadden, B. A. (Washington State University, Pullman), and H. R. Homann. Characteristics and intermediates of short-term C(14)O(2) incorporation during ribose oxidation by Hydrogenomonas facilis. J. Bacteriol. 89:839-847. 1965.-Ribose-grown cells of Hydrogenomonas facilis, which had been suspended in growth medium and were oxidizing ribose, were exposed to HC(14)O(3) (-) of high specific activity. The uptake was proportional to cell mass. Short-term uptake (less than 2 min) was completely inhibited by 10(-3)m 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) or by <4 x 10(-6)mm-chlorocarbonyl cyanide phenylhydrazone, and to the extent of 42% by 5 x 10(-5)m DNP. The following observations were made in kinetic studies (8, 16, 35, 67, 96, and 181 sec) of fixation in the presence of ribose. Glutamate was extensively labeled in periods up to 3 min. It was one of the major early products, containing 30% of the label at 8 sec. The sugar phosphate fraction was not detectably labeled at 8 or 16 sec, but its C(14)-content increased rapidly to 27% at 35 sec and then slowly decreased. Label in phosphoglycerate, phosphoenolpyruvate, and alanine did not appear until 35 sec, and did not exceed about 7, 2, and 3%, respectively, of the total extracted radioactivity. Adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate were heavily labeled after fixation in a pilot study for 125 sec. Although considerable radioactivity incorporated during the pilot study was intractable by the extraction procedure employed, virtually no C(14) was found in the residue in poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid. A large number of amino acids and organic acids and some organic phosphates were not detectably labeled in any of the experiments. Omission of ribose greatly diminished incorporation, particularly into glutamate.


INTERACTION OF VISCID MATERIAL OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS WITH SPECIFIC IMMUNE SERUM. Mudd, Stuart (U.S. Veterans Administration Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa.), and Samuel J. DeCourcy, Jr. Interaction of viscid material of Staphylococcus aureus with specific immune serum. J. Bacteriol. 89:874-879. 1965.-Re-examination of the phenomenon of Price and Kneeland and of Wiley revealed the following. (i) The prototype "wound strain" of Wiley, and viscid-colony strains obtained by aging and selection of laboratory or field strains, differed in growth characteristics in liquid and solid media from the Smith encapsulated strain and from ordinary, unselected laboratory and field strains of coagulase-positive staphylococci. (ii) The wound strain and ordinary unselected strains, unlike the Smith encapsulated strain, did not exhibit capsules when examined in thin films of Pelikan Waterproof Drawing Ink. (iii) The phenomenon of Price and Kneeland and of Wiley is exhibited when the wound strain and other viscid-colony strains interact with anti-Wiley immune sera or various human sera. In our experience, this phenomenon was not exhibited by the Smith or by ordinary, unselected strains. (iv) The staphylococcal polysaccharide antigen previously characterized as the capsular substance of a Smith-like strain was completely different chemically and serologically from extracellular material prepared from the Wiley wound strain. We conclude that the viscid-colony strains are not, in fact, encapsulated, and that the phenomenon in question is a precipitation of extracellular material about the periphery of the cells.


VARIETY OF DIAGNOSTIC DYE MIXTURES FOR RESPIRATION DEFICIENCY IN YEAST.


NITROGEN-CONTAINING AND CARBOHYDRATE-CONTAINING ANTIGEN FROM ACTINOMYCES BOVIS. Pirtle, E. C. (National Animal Disease Laboratory, Ames, Iowa), P. A. Rebers, and W. W. Weigel. Nitrogen-containing and carbohydrate-containing antigen from Actinomyces bovis. J. Bacteriol. 89:880-888. 1965.-Water-soluble, heat-stable antigens have been isolated from the supernatant fluids of broth cultures of Actinomyces bovis ATCC 10048 after 8 days of growth in a broth medium composed of Casamino Acids, yeast extract, Tween 80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate), sodium thioglycolate, dextrose, and sodium chloride. The antigens were precipitated from the culture supernatant fluid with alcohol and purified by fractional precipitation with alcohol in the presence of calcium or zinc and by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl Sephadex. Two serologically active substances which differed in chemical composition and size were characterized. The larger one contained 71% hexose and 2.8% nitrogen, and the smaller one contained 45% hexose and 5.4% nitrogen. Heterogeneity of these fractions could not be demonstrated by electrophoresis in free solution at pH 7.8 or 2, by ultracentrifugal analysis, by double diffusion in agar, or by immunoelectrophoresis. Despite their differences in chemical composition and size, they appeared identical in activity as antigens in complement fixation and in double-diffusion tests in agar. Each was found to contain mannose as its chief component after hydrolysis and paper chromatography with three solvent systems. A small percentage of the total nitrogen may be attributed to the presence of amino sugars but the remainder is as yet unidentified.


UTILIZATION OF EXTERNAL GROWTH FACTORS BY INTRACELLULAR MICROBES: MYCOBACTERIUM PARATUBERCULOSIS AND WOOD PIGEON MYCOBACTERIA. Wheeler, William C. (Johns Hopkins University-Leonard Wood Memorial Leprosy Research Laboratory, Baltimore, Md.), and John H. Hanks. Utilization of external growth factors by intracellular microbes: Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and wood pigeon mycobacteria. J. Bacteriol. 89:889-896. 1965.-The extent to which the intracellular growth of microbes is dependent upon capacities for growth in vitro has been investigated by use of organisms which require a specific factor, mycobactin, for isolation and growth on conventional mycobacterial media. Similarities between growth on bacteriological media and within tissue cells have been demonstrated by examining the responses of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and wood pigeon mycobacteria to mycobactin, iron, CO(2), and glycerol, and to the low pH which characterizes phagocytic vacuoles. The results indicate that success of intracellular infections depends upon the independent growth of microbes and that the phagocytic vacuoles of sheep and mouse macrophages seem to be freely accessible to bacterial growth factors, minerals, and substrates. Because these factors did not modify the appearance, overall metabolism, or surface properties of macrophages, it was concluded that the intracellular growth of microbes is not determined solely by the components, metabolism, or immunological properties of host cells, but is influenced to an important degree by compounds and conditions provided by extracellular environments.


SILVER IMPREGNATION STAIN FOR LEPTOSPIRA AND FLAGELLA.


FIXATION OF BACTERIAL L FORMS FOR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY.


METHOD FOR DETECTING AND ISOLATING PROTEOLYTIC MARINE BACTERIA.


ISOLATION OF AN ORGANISM RESEMBLING ARCHROMOBACTER LIQUEFACIENS.


GROWTH OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL L FORMS ON AND THROUGH MEMBRANE DISCS OF VARIOUS PORE SIZES.


HEXOSE MONOPHOSPHATE METABOLISM DURING BASIDIOSPORE GERMINATION IN SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE.


ISOLATION OF HEMAGGLUTINATIVE NON-EL TOR CHOLERA VIBRIOS.


USE OF MOLAR GROWTH YIELDS FOR THE EVALUATION OF ENERGY-PRODUCING PATHWAYS IN LACTOBACILLUS PLANTARUM.


INACTIVATION OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID BY MUTAGENIC AGENTS.


DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID BASE COMPOSITION OF ISOLATES OF THE GENUS CHLOROBIUM.


UTILIZATION OF CYCLIC AMIDES AND FORMATION OF OMEGA-AMINO ACIDS BY MICROORGANISMS.


SIMPLE METHOD OF ANAEROBIC CULTIVATION, WITH REMOVAL OF OXYGEN BY A BUFFERED GLUCOSE OXIDASE-CATALASE SYSTEM.


NEURAMINIDASE ACTIVITY IN MIXED CULTURE SUPERNATANT FLUIDS OF HUMAN ORAL BACTERIA.


EFFECT OF ENDOTOXIN ON LIVER ASCORBIC ACID OF MICE.


STAINING OF CELLULAR CONSTITUENTS WITH MAY-GREENWALD AND GIEMSA DYES.


NURSING HOMES ARE MEDICAL FACILITIES.

NURSING HOMES ARE MEDICAL FACILITIES.


MODIFIED ELEK PLATE.

MODIFIED ELEK PLATE.


METHOD FOR OBTAINING CLEANED PUTREFACTIVE ANAEROBE 3679 SPORES.


TREATMENT OF DEPRESSIVE STATES.

TREATMENT OF DEPRESSIVE STATES.


GLUCOCORTICOID TOXICITY: SINGLE CONTRASTED WITH DIVIDED DAILY DOSES OF PREDNISOLONE.


SOME DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF AN AUTOPSIED POPULATION.


AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONS IN AN ITALIAN-AMERICAN COMMUNITY; A PRELIMINARY SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY.


THE OBJECTIVE EFFICACY OF PRAYER: A DOUBLE-BLIND CLINICAL TRIAL.


THE INTERPRETATION OF CLINICAL TRIALS.

THE INTERPRETATION OF CLINICAL TRIALS.


STROKE MORBIDITY, MORTALITY AND REHABILITATIVE POTENTIAL.


THE CULTURE-FAIR ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL PERCEPTION.


DISTRIBUTIONS OF M AND I PARAMETERS FOR RATS TRAINED UNDER VARYING HUNGER-DRIVE LEVELS.


SOCIAL DISTRACTIBILITY OF MALE RHESUS MONKEYS AFTER CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO FAST-NEUTRON RADIATION.


DISCRIMINATION LEARNING OF MIRRORED CUES BY RHESUS MONKEYS.


AGE DIFFERENCES IN SPATIAL-STIMULUS GENERALIZATION.


FURTHER EVIDENCE FOR THE EXCITATORY PROPERTIES OF NONREWARDED CUES.


THE TRAPEZOIDAL ILLUSION AS A FUNCTION OF AGE, INTELLECTUAL STATUS, SIZE CONSTANCY, AND FORM DISCRIMINATION.


INFLUENCE OF EARLY EXPERIENCE AND AGE ON EXPRESSION OF AFFECT IN MONKEYS.


DISCRIMINATION LEARNING AND REVERSAL LEARNING IN CHILDREN AS RELATED TO PERFORMANCE ON CERTAIN WISC ITEMS AND ON THE GOODENOUGH DRAW-A-MAN TEST.


THE EFFECTS OF THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PUNISHMENT ON PERFORMANCE OF ALBINO RATS.


LEARNING MECHANISMS IN RESPONSE-SHIFT LEARNING SET TO NONREWARDED CUES.


DISCRIMINATION LEARNING OF MIRRORED CUES BY NORMAL AND PREVIOUSLY IRRADIATED MALE RHESUS MONKEYS.


SHAPE AND SIZE DISCRIMINATION IN OCTOPUS: THE EFFECTS OF PRETRAINING ALONG DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS.


THE EFFECT OF PUNISHMENT ON CHILDREN: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND A SUGGESTED HYPOTHESIS.


PECK FREQUENCY AND MINIMAL APPROACH DISTANCE IN DOMESTIC FOWL.


COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF NORMALS AND RETARDATES OF THE SAME MENTAL AGE ON CERTAIN PSYCHOLOGICAL TASKS.


TYPE OF ORIENTATION AND TASK COMPLETION OF ELEMENTARY-GRADE STUDENTS.


EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT INTENSITIES OF POSTWEANING SHOCK AND HANDLING ON THE ALBINO RAT.


EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS OF OVER- AND UNDERACHIEVING CHILDREN IN A BRAZILIAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL.


SEX AND INTELLIGENCE AS FACTORS IN ACHIEVEMENT IN READING IN GRADES 4 THROUGH 8.


RESPONSE PERSEVERATION UNDER CONSTANT STIMULUS-POSITION CONDITIONS BY NORMAL AND PREVIOUSLY IRRADIATED FEMALE RHESUS MONKEYS.


RADIATON EFFECTS ON RESPONSE TO INACCESSIBLE FOOD.


A CASE STUDY: EMOTIONAL FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE TEST PERFORMANCE AND BEHAVIOR OF A BRAIN-DAMAGED CHILD.


DIMENSIONS OF THE SICK ROLE IN CHRONIC ILLNESS.


BACKGROUND NORMS OF PATIENTS AND THE THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY.


SOCIAL PATTERNS OF ILLNESS AND MEDICAL CARE.


EVALUATION OF TEACHING IN CHRONIC ILLNESS AND THE HANDICAPPED IN DENTAL EDUCATION.


PUBLIC AND PSYCHIATRIC CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS.


STRUCTURED STRAIN IN A MARGINAL PROFESSION: REHABILITATION COUNSELING.


EFFECT OF PROTEIN INTAKE ON RIBONUCLEIC ACID METABOLISM IN LIVER CELL NUCLEI OF THE RAT.


INFLUENCE OF CALORIC RESTRICTION AND OF REDUCED FEEDING TIME ON EXPERIMENTAL DENTAL CARIES IN THE RAT.


EFFECT OF SIMPLE AND COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES UPON TOTAL LIPIDS, NONPHOSPHOLIPIDS, AND DIFFERENT FRACTIONS OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS OF SERUM IN YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN.


INFLUENCE OF VARYING LEVELS OF DIETARY MINERALS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF UROLITHIASIS, HAIR GROWTH, AND WEIGHT GAINS IN RATS.


FATTY LIVERS IN WEANLING RATS FED A LOW PROTEIN, THREONINE-DEFICIENT DIET. I. EFFECT OF VARIOUS DIET FATS.


COMPARISONS OF CASEIN AND SOY PROTEINS UPON MINEREAL BALANCE AND VITAMIN D2 REQUIREMENT OF THE BABY PIG.


ZINC-65 ABSORPTION AND TURNOVER IN RATS. I. A PROCEDURE TO DETERMINE ZINC-65 ABSORPTION AND THE ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF CALCIUM IN A PRACTICAL DIET.


VITAMIN A ACTIVITY OF FERMENTATION BETA-CAROTENE FOR SWINE.


RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHOLESTEROL AND VITAMIN A METABOLISM IN RATS FED AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF VITAMIN A.


APPLICABILITY TO CHICKS OF THE CARCASS ANALYSIS METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF NET PROTEIN UTILIZATION. II. EFFECT OF PROTEIN, CALORIE AND FIBER LEVEL.


PROTEIN RESERVES AND GROWTH OF THE WALKER CARCINOSARCOMA IN RATS.


EFFECT OF PROTEIN DEPLETION AND REPLETION IN THE RABBIT ON THE ACTIVITY OF S-35 FROM METHIONINE IN SERUM PROTEINS AND URINE.


EXCRETION OF HISTIDINE AND HISTIDINE DERIVATIVES BY HUMAN SUBJECTS INGESTING PROTEIN FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES.


EFFECT OF DIETARY FAT ON PLASMA AND LIVER LIPIDS OF PROPYLTHIOURACIL-TREATED RATS.


SOME REACTIONS OF RABBIT SPERMATOZOA TO LIGATION OF THE EPIDIDYMIS.


USE OF A RE-ENTRANT ILEAL FISTULA TO STUDY CARBOHYDRATE UTILIZATION BY THE YOUNG BOVINE.


LIPIDS OF PORCINE SPERMATOZOA, SEMINAL PLASMA AND GEL.


ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF 17-ALPHA-OESTRADIOL IN THE BILE OF A PREGNANT COW.


EFFECT OF UNDERNUTRITION ON TESTICULAR BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM AND THE OUTPUT OF TESTOSTERONE IN THE RAM.


STUDIES OF GLYCERYLPHOSPHORYLCHOLINE DIESTERASE IN THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT.


SUPEROVULATORY RESPONSE OF PRE- AND POST-PUBERTAL RABBITS TO COMERCIALLY AVAILABLE GONADOTROPHINS.


SIALIC ACID IN SEMEN, SPERMATOZOA AND SERUM OF MAMMALS.


VOLUME OF UNTREATED AND ULTRASONICALLY-TREATED BULL, BOAR AND HUMAN SPERMATOZOA ELECTRONICALLY DETERMINED.


GONADAL DYSGENESIS COMPLICATED BY VIRILIZING EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA.


EFFECT OF BOVINE ENDOMETRIAL EXTRACTS, VASOPRESSIN AND OXYTOCIN ON THE DURATION OF PSEUDOPREGNANCY IN HYSTERECTOMIZED AND INTACT RATS.


QUANTITATIVE COMPARISONS OF THE PROTEINS OF THE SEMINAL PLASMAS OF BULL, RAM, RABBIT AND BOAR BY AGAR GEL ELECTROPHORESIS.


ACTION OF PREGNANT MARE SERUM ON THE PRODUCTION OF TESTOSTERONE IN VIVO AND IN VITRO.


DIFFERENTIATION OF RAT SEMINIFEROUS EPITHELIUM IN ORGAN CULTURE.


EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENT ON PHAGOCYTOSIS OF RABBIT SPERMATOZOA.


EFFECT OF SEQUENCE OF PREGNANCY ON LITTER SIZE AND GROWTH IN PEROMYSCUS POLIONOTUS.


USE OF A BEHAVIOR PATTERN IN THE STUDY OF OVARIAN ACTIVITY IN THE DOMESTIC FOWL.


HUMAN ABO BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS ON SPERMATOZOA FROM SECRETORS AND NON-SECRETORS.


EFFECTS OF WASHING ON THE METABOLISM OF BULL SPERMATOZOA.


INTRALUMINAL CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY ADJUVANT TO PULMONARY RESECTION.


AN ADHESIVE FOR REPAIR OF TISSUES.

AN ADHESIVE FOR REPAIR OF TISSUES.


PLASMA CATHEPSIN-LIKE ACID PROTEINASE ACTIVITY DURING HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.


TISSUE DISTRIBUTION AND AORTIC BINDING OF DL-GLYCERALDEHYDE-C14.


REGIONAL ARTERIAL INFUSION OF ANTIMETABOLITES. AN ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OBTAINED IN 33 PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE HEAD AND NECK.


INFLUENCE OF THE THYMUS ON ALLOGENEIC SKIN GRAFT SURVIVAL AFTER TOTAL BODY IRRADIATION.


LABORATORY EXPERIENCE WITH 24 HOUR PARTIAL HEART-LUNG BYPASS.


EFFECTS OF UNDERNUTRITION ON CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM FUNCTION.


MANNED SPACE FLIGHTS.

MANNED SPACE FLIGHTS.


MEDIUM CHAIN TRIGLYCERIDES IN TROPICAL SPRUE.


TREATMENT OF ACUTE IRON INTOXICATION WITH DESFERRIOXAMINE.


GASTROINTESTINAL PROTEIN LEAKAGE IN CELIAC DISEASE.


EVALUATION OF A PEANUT-SOYBEAN MIXTURE.

EVALUATION OF A PEANUT-SOYBEAN MIXTURE.


THE HOMING MECHANISMS OF LYMPHOCYTES.

THE HOMING MECHANISMS OF LYMPHOCYTES.


VITAMIN B6 COMPONENTS IN VARIOUS FOODS.

VITAMIN B6 COMPONENTS IN VARIOUS FOODS.


INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN VITAMINS A AND E.


EFFECT OF MATERNAL DIET ON GROWTH OF RAT PUPS.


RIBOFLAVIN DEFICIENCY IN BABOONS.

RIBOFLAVIN DEFICIENCY IN BABOONS.


VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY IN THE HOUSE FLY.

VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY IN THE HOUSE FLY.


THE METABOLIC ROLE OF VITAMIN E.

THE METABOLIC ROLE OF VITAMIN E.


MICROSOMES AND LIVER LIPID SYNTHESIS.

MICROSOMES AND LIVER LIPID SYNTHESIS.


REHABILITATION RESEARCH IN STATE AGENCIES.


OBSTRUCTION OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MEMBRANOUS OBSTRUCTION OF ITS HEPATIC PORTION.


SKIN MANIFESTATIONS IN RHEUMATIC DISORDERS.


THE EOSINOPHIL AND ITS FUNCTIONS.

THE EOSINOPHIL AND ITS FUNCTIONS.


SOME PROBLEMS OF THE LYMPHATICS AND THE SKIN.


THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LYMPHOEDEMA OF UPPER AND LOWER LIMBS BY SUBCUTANEOUS LYMPHATIC TRANSPOSITION.


THE CUTANEOUS COMPLICATIONS OF LYMPHATIC DEFICIENCY.


THE YELLOW NAIL SYNDROME: DYSTROPHIC NAILS ASSOCIATED WITH LYMPHOEDEMA.


A COMBINED CLINIC FOR SKIN NEOPLASIA.

A COMBINED CLINIC FOR SKIN NEOPLASIA.


PLANT DERMATOSES: SOME CHEMICAL ASPECTS AND RESULTS OF PATCH TESTING WITH EXTRACTS OF PRIMULA OBCONICA.


A LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS-LIKE ERUPTION IN INFANTS.


THE ENTEROVIRUSES.

THE ENTEROVIRUSES.


PENICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY.

PENICILLIN HYPERSENSITIVITY.


ENTEROVIRUSES: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND LABORATORY TECHNIQUES, WITH SPECIAL REFERENCES TO HAND, FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE.


THE MICROARCHITECTURE OF WICKHAM'S STRIAE.


BIKINI DRAWERS: A VESTIMENTARY AID TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF SECONDARY SYPHILIS.


AUTOIMMUNITY.

AUTOIMMUNITY.


A VISIT TO HUNGARY.

A VISIT TO HUNGARY.


ERYTHRASMA IN SHEEP?

ERYTHRASMA IN SHEEP?


STAPHYLOCOCCI IN MATERNITY HOMES.

STAPHYLOCOCCI IN MATERNITY HOMES.


CONGENITAL ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMIA.

CONGENITAL ICHTHYOSIFORM ERYTHRODERMIA.


ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SUMMARY FOR THE PADUCAH PLANT FOR 1962 AND 1963. KY-458.


DETERMINATION OF NEPTUNIUM-237 IN HUMAN URINE. KY-429.


PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS AS PROTECTIVE OR THERAPEUTIC AGENTS AGAINST RADIATION INJURY IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS. IV. FURTHER STUDIES ON THE RADIOPROTECTIVE ACTION OF SODIUM NITRITE IN MICE. QUART PROGR REP NO. 53.


THE INFLUENCE OF EXPOSURE TO LOW LEVELS OF GAMMA AND FAST NEUTRON IRRADIATION ON THE LIFE SPAN OF ANIMALS. I. SUMMARY OF THE CHRONIC GAMMA AND LOW LEVEL FAST NEUTRON IRRADIATION PROGRAM. QUART PROGR REP NO. 53.


THE EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATIONS ON THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF MAMMALIAN TISSUES. I. INFLUENCE OF X-RADIATION AND VARIOUS CHEMICAL AGENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A THIOPHOSPHATE-OXIDIZING ENZYME SYSTEM IN THE LIVERS OF MALE RATS. QUART PROGR REP NO. 53.


THE EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATIONS ON THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF MAMMALIAN TISSUES. II. INFLUENCE OF X-RADIATION AND CASTRATION ON STEROID-INDUCED INCREASES IN THE ACTIVITY OF A DETOXIFICATION ENZYME IN THE LIVER OF RATS. QUART PROGR REP NO. 53.


PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS AS PROTECTIVE OR THERAPEUTIC AGENTS AGAINST RADIATION INJURY IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS. I. THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS ON RADIATION LETHALITY IN MICE. QUART PROGR REP NO. 53.


PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS AS PROTECTIVE OR THERAPEUTIC AGENTS AGAINST RADIATION INJURY IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS. II. DOSE-MORTALITY RELATIONSHIPS FOR SEVERAL RADIOPROTECTIVE AGENTS. QUART PROGR REP NO. 53.


ACTIVITY CHANGES IN ALPHA-AMYLASE SOLUTIONS FOLLOWING THEIR EXPOSURE TO RADIO-FREQUENCY ENERGY. REP NO. 548.


VENTRAL SURGICAL EXPOSURE OF BASI-OCCIPUT AND TYMPANIC BULLI OF THE CAT. REP NO. 606.


THE EFFECTS OF RADIO-FREQUENCY ENERGY ON CORYNEBACTERIUM DIPHTHERIAE AND CLOSTRIDIUM WELCHII TOXINS. REP NO. 603.


PHARMACOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL COMPOUNDS AS PROTECTIVE OR THERAPEUTIC AGENTS AGAINST RADIATION INJURY IN EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS. 3. STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY AND MECHANISM OF ACTION OF MERCAPTOETHYLAMINE (MEA). QUART PROGR REP NO. 53.


A COMPARISON OF THE ANALGETIC POTENCIES OF MORPHINE, PENTAZOCINE, AND A MIXTURE OF METHAMPHETAMINE AND PENTAZOCINE IN THE RAT. REP NO. 602.


ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMIC SYSTEMS RESPONSE OF SOME INTERNAL HUMAN SYSTEMS. NASA CR-141.


A STUDY OF MANUAL CONTROL METHODOLOGY WITH ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY. NASA CR-125.


MANNED ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM ASSESSMENT. NASA CR-134.


CEREBRAL MYCOSIS. A CLINICO-PATHOLOGICAL REPORT OF FOUR CASES.


HISTOPATHOLOGICAL MUSCULAR CHANGES IN FAMILIAL, PERIODIC PARALYSIS.


CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS IN MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY.


ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS OF THE BRAIN: PROGNOSIS WITHOUT OPERATION.


STUDIES ON THE CAVERNOUS SINUS SYNDROME. 2. DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC ROLES OF OPHTHALMONEUROLOGICAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS IN MALIGNANT NASOPHARYNGEAL TUMOURS.


URIC ACID IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN CEREBRAL ATROPHY.


URIC ACID IN THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID IN PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS.


DOSE-AGE AND WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS IN ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ACTIVATION WITH MEGIMIDE IN NORMAL SUBJECTS.


STEREOTAXIC TREATMENT OF HEREDITARY TREMOR.


TREATMENT OF FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA WITH HYPERBARIC OXYGEN. REPORT OF 4 CASES.


CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID PROTEINS IN OBSTRUCTIVE LESIONS OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.


THE BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA-MUCOSAL DISEASE COMPLEX.


INFANTILE ESOTROPIA.

INFANTILE ESOTROPIA.


ALTERNATING SURSUMDUCTION.

ALTERNATING SURSUMDUCTION.


DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW ORTHOPTIC INSTRUMENT.


INAPPROPRIATE TERMINOLOGY.

INAPPROPRIATE TERMINOLOGY.


MOTOR FUSION IN STRABISMUS. ORTHOPTIC HANDLING OF FUSIONAL VERGENCE.


MOTOR FUSION IN STRABISMUS. DIAGNOSIS AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FUSIONAL VERGENCES.


MIOTICS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF STRABISMUS.


BINOCULAR STATUS IN THE PRESENCE OF FRACTURE OF THE FLOOR OF THE ORBIT.


OCCLUSION IN THE PREOPERATIVE TREATMENT OF EXODEVIATIONS.


DIAGNOSIS OF VERTICAL OCULAR MUSCLE DEVIATIONS.


TREATMENT OF ANOMALOUS RETINAL CORRESPONDENCE EMPLOYING RETINAL AFTERIMAGE.


POSTOPERATIVE PARADOXICAL DIPLOPIA.

POSTOPERATIVE PARADOXICAL DIPLOPIA.


MOTOR FUSION IN STRABISMUS. THE CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY OF THE FUSIONAL VERGENCES.


SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE ETIOLOGY OF FUNCTIONAL ESOTROPIA.


RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SENSORY TESTING.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SENSORY TESTING.


NEWER FORMS OF RETINOCEREBRAL RE-EDUCATION.


TWENTY-FIVE YEARS OF THERAPEUTIC ORTHOPTICS.


CENTOSCOPY FOR THE TWO-TO-FOUR-YEAR-OLD PATIENT.


SCIENCE VS. THE LAW.

SCIENCE VS. THE LAW.


APPLICATION OF GALVANIC CELL TO MEASUREMENT OF OXYGEN-CONSUMING ENZYME SYSTEMS.


COUPLED REACTION SYSTEM FOR DETERMINATION OF TRANSAMINASE ENZYMES. APPLICATION TO GLUTAMIC OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE.


ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ALCOHOLS IN COLD-PRESSED VALENCIA ORANGE OIL BY LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY.


GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF FREE FORMIC AND ACETIC ACIDS IN CIGARETTE SMOKE.


QUANTITATIVE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY OF AMINO ACIDS. PREPARATION OF N-BUTYL N-TRIFLUOROACETYL ESTERS.


DETERMINATION OF DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN BY ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROPHOTOMETRY.


AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF SELENIUM IN BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL.


ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE ENDOPHYTE OF ALNUS GLUTINOSA.


SULPHUR METABOLISM IN THIORHODACEAE. II. STOICHIOMETRIC RELATIONSHIP OF CO2 FIXATION TO OXIDATION OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE AND INTRACELLULAR SULPHUR IN CHROMATIUM OKENII.


IN MEMORIAM DR. MARIA P. LOEHNIS.

IN MEMORIAM DR. MARIA P. LOEHNIS.


EFFECTS OF CYSTEAMINE ON PSEUDOMONAS INFECTIONS IN MICE.


THE EFFECT OF AGAR ON THE INHIBITORY ACTIVITIES OF FATTY AMINES.


FLOCCULATION OF LAG PHASE YEAST CELLS OF CANDIDA ALBICANS.


PRODUCTS OF THE OXIDATION OF SELECTED ALKANES BY A GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIUM.


ENDOMYCOPSIS VINI AND PICHIA ETCHELLSII, SPP. N.


LETHALITY OF THE PETITE MUTATION IN PETITE NEGATIVE YEASTS.


ENDOMYCOPSIS PLATYPODIS SP.N. (ASCOMYCETES): AN AUXILIARY AMBROSIA FUNGUS OF PLATYPUS CYLINDRUS FAB. (COL. PLATYPODIDAE).


MYOCARDIAL CONTUSION.

MYOCARDIAL CONTUSION.


SERUM CREATININE PHOSPHOKINASE IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: DIAGNOSTIC VALUE.


ACCEPTABILITY OF A FUNCTIONAL-COSMETIC ARTIFICIAL HAND FOR YOUNG CHILDREN. II.


COLLABORATION FOR REHABILITATION.

COLLABORATION FOR REHABILITATION.


TURNTABLE LOCK FOR ELBOW UNITS.

TURNTABLE LOCK FOR ELBOW UNITS.


SELF-PROPELLED CART FOR MULTILATERAL AMPUTEES DEVELOPED AT CAPP.


THE EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN THE PROPORTION AND TYPE OF DIETARY CARBOHYDRATE ON THE AMYLASE AND PROTEIN CONCENTRATIONS IN RAT SALIVA.


THE MUENSTER-TYPE BELOW-ELBOW SOCKET, AN EVALUATION.


PARTIAL DENTURE DESIGN: OBLIGATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES.


THE ARCHITECTURE OF THE CONGENITALLY DISLOCATED NASAL SEPTUM.


THE ORTHODONTIC PROBLEM IN AUSTRALIA. I. THE ECONOMICS OF THE PROBLEM.


THE ORTHODONTIC PROBLEM IN AUSTRALIA. II. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM.


THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATIONS AT VERY LOW DOSE RATES.


GLOMUS TUMOUR OF THE PERIODONTAL TISSUES.


THE RESTORATION OF A CLOSED SPACE WITH FIXED BRIDGEWORK; CASE REPORT.


TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION AT THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER LEVEL. I. HOW TO RECOGNIZE THE PROBLEM.


TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION AT THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER LEVEL. 3. TREATMENT.


TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION AT THE GENERAL PRACTITIONER LEVEL. II. FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY.


A LONG-TERM STUDY OF THE DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A TRIBE OF CENTRAL AUSTRALIAN ABORIGINES.


PERIODONTAL DISEASE: A PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM.


PIN RETENTION AMALGAM RESTORATIONS.

PIN RETENTION AMALGAM RESTORATIONS.


ORAL LESIONS DUE TO DRUG THERAPY.

ORAL LESIONS DUE TO DRUG THERAPY.


CONSISTENCY OF DENTAL AMALGAM.

CONSISTENCY OF DENTAL AMALGAM.


ORTHODONTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM.

ORTHODONTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM.


STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME AND LONGACTING SULPHONAMIDES.


A LIBRARIAN'S VISIT TO AMERICA.

A LIBRARIAN'S VISIT TO AMERICA.


VAGOTOMY AND PYLOROPLASTY IN THE TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER.


AORTIC DISEASE: BARBITURATE POISONING.

AORTIC DISEASE: BARBITURATE POISONING.


MUMPS, ARTHRITIS AND PROSTATITIS.

MUMPS, ARTHRITIS AND PROSTATITIS.


CYTOLOGICAL SCREENING FOR PRE-INVASIVE CERVICAL CANCER: A PILOT STUDY IN BRISTOL.


MULTIPLE REGRESSION EQUATIONS FOR PREDICTING READING AGE FROM CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AND WISC VERBAL I.Q.


ACEDIA: ITS EVOLUTION FROM DEADLY SIN TO PSYCHIATRIC SYNDROME.


THE RELATION BETWEEN SELF-REFERENT AND SOCIAL ATTITUDES OF NEUROTIC AND INADEQUATE PERSONALITIES.


MALNUTRITION AND INFECTION.

MALNUTRITION AND INFECTION.


RHEUMATIC DISEASES IN THE USSR.

RHEUMATIC DISEASES IN THE USSR.


ON THE TRANSCRIPTION OF DNA SEQUENCES BY RNA POLYMERASE.


SOME ASPECTS OF IMMUNOLOGICAL SPECIFICITY IN TERMS OF CARBOHYDRATE STRUCTURE.


THE ASEPTIC REARING OF AEDES AEGYPTI.

THE ASEPTIC REARING OF AEDES AEGYPTI.


PARASITES IN LABORATORY COLONIES OF MOSQUITOES.


ELECTROAUGMENTATION OF VENTRICULAR PERFORMANCE AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION BY REPETITIVE APPLICATION OF PAIRED ELECTRICAL STIMULI.


IN MEMORIAM: RUSSELL J. REYNOLDS.

IN MEMORIAM: RUSSELL J. REYNOLDS.


OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN THE FAILING DOG HEART-LUNG PREPARATION.


EPIDEMIOLOGIC PUZZLES OF THE COMMON COLD.


NUCLEAR MEDICINE: SCINTISCANNING.

NUCLEAR MEDICINE: SCINTISCANNING.


THE ANGIOTENSIN INFUSION TEST FOR RENOVASCULAR HYPERTENSION.


BASIC SCIENCE AND ITS PRACTICAL USEFULNESS IN PROBLEMS OF HEARING.


A NEW SCIENCE OF LEARNING: PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTON.


MUTUAL MEDICAL DENTAL PROBLEMS: FLUORIDATION OF WATER SUPPLY.


TREATING THE PATIENT AS WELL AS HIS DISEASE: A LESSON FROM CHRONIC ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY.


THE NON-DISEASE CLINICIAN.

THE NON-DISEASE CLINICIAN.


FAT METABOLISM AND GROWTH HORMONE.

FAT METABOLISM AND GROWTH HORMONE.


RETURNING THE CARDIAC TO WORK.

RETURNING THE CARDIAC TO WORK.


SEGMENTAL OMENTAL INFARCTION.

SEGMENTAL OMENTAL INFARCTION.


SOME CAUTIONS ON "MINOR" PSYCHOTHERAPY.

SOME CAUTIONS ON "MINOR" PSYCHOTHERAPY.


MEDICAL TREATMENT OF CORRECTABLE CEREBRAL VASCULAR DISEASE.


PARACERVICAL BLOCK IN OBSTETRICS: AN EVALUATION OF VARIOUS ANESTHETIC AGENTS.


CHANGES IN LUNG VOLUME AND SPIROMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN EMPHYSEMA PATIENTS WHO HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO HYPERBARIC PRESSURE LEVELS.


HYPERBARIC OXYGEN AND CARDIAC INFARCTION.


EFFECTS OF CORTICAL AND SUBCORTICAL STIMULATION ON DELAYED RESPONSE IN MONKEYS.


TRENDS IN ORAL COMMUNICATION AMONG BIOMEDICAL SCIENTISTS: MEETINGS AND TRAVEL.


HISTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF BURNS: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION.


ABOUT THE PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT IN FRESH BURNS OF THE FACE.


THE LATE REPAIR OF BURNS.

THE LATE REPAIR OF BURNS.


EXOCRINE PANCREAS AND EXPERIMENTAL DIETARY LESIONS.


BLOOD AMMONIA IN RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL LIVER DAMAGE.


RECTOSCOPY AND RECTAL BIOPSY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF COLITIS AND PROCTITIS.


STUDIES ON SULPHATE METABOLISM IN EUGLENA GRACILIS. I. UPTAKE & ACTIVATION OF SULPHATE & DEGRADATION OF ACTIVE SULPHATE BY EUGLENA GRACILIS.


THE COURSE OF MITE-INDUCED INFECTION OF LITOMOSOIDES CARINII IN ALBINO RATS TREATED WITH DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE--ABSENCE OF ANY EVIDENCE EFFECT ON ADULT WORMS.


THE SUCEPTIBILITY OF MALAYAN ANOPHELINES TO PLASMODIUM CYNOMOLGI BASTIANELLII.


FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESPONSES TO BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN IN CHICKENS.


THE SELECTIVE TOXICITY OF ENDOTOXIN FOR PHAGOCYTIC CELLS OF THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM.


AN ANTIBODY-LIKE FACTOR IN GUINEA PIG SERUM REACTING IN PASSIVE HAEMAGGLUTINATION TESTS WITH GUINEA PIG MILK.


RADIOSENSITIVITY OF HAEMOPOIESIS IN FISH. I. STUDIES AT 18 DEGREE C.


FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON IN VITRO RADIOSENSITIZATION OF RABBIT ERYTHROCYTES BY IODOACETIC ACID AND RELATED SUBSTANCES.


THE EFFECT OF RADIATION ON ARTIFICIAL NUCLEOPROTEINS. 1. RADIOSENSITIVITY OF POLYADENYLIC ACID-POLYURIDYLIC ACID: BOVINE GAMMA-GLOBULIN COMPLEX.


EFFECTS OF POLYVINYLPYRROLIDONE ON WHOLE-BODY-IRRADIATED RATS.


INCREASED 3H-THYMIDINE INCORPORATION INTO DNA OF IRRADIATED SLIME MOULD.


COINCIDENCE OF MUTATIONS AS A POSSIBLE CAUSE OF MALIGNANCY.


CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STUDY OF IMMEDIATE AND EARLY X-RAY REACTIONS WITH REGARD TO CHEMOPROTECTION. IX. X-RAY-INDUCED CORONARY OCCLUSION LEADING TO HEART DAMAGE IN RABBITS.


THE EFFECT OF WHOLE- AND PARTIAL-BODY X-IRRADIATION ON THE METABOLISM OF COLLAGEN IN POLYETHYLENE SPONGES AND THE URINARY EXCRETION OF PYRROLE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID.


ABSENCE OF THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF WHOLE-BODY IRRADIATION AND LOCAL TUMOUR IRRADIATION IN AN AUTOCHTHONOUS LYMPHOID TUMOUR SYSTEM.


EFFECTS OF PERCEPTUAL TRAINING ON UNMATCHED SAMPLES OF BRAIN-INJURED AND FAMILIAL RETARDED CHILDREN.


ACQUIESCENCE RESPONSE SET IN APHASICS.

ACQUIESCENCE RESPONSE SET IN APHASICS.


RESPONSE TO SEXUALLY AROUSING STIMULI AS A FUNCTION OF REPRESSING AND SENSITIZING DEFENSES.


ASSOCIATIVE INTERFERENCE IN THE PAIRED-ASSOCIATE LEARNING OF REMITTED AND NONREMITTED SCHIZOPHRENICS.


SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF POSTHYPNOTIC AMNESIA.


EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSES OF "HYPNOTIC" BEHAVIOR: A REVIEW OF RECENT EMPIRICAL FINDINGS.


PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFICIT IN SCHIZOPHRENIA. II. INTERFERENCE AND ACTIVATION.


DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECTS OF PYELONEPHRITIS.


HASHIMOTO'S THYROIDITIS. REPORT OF CASE IN A CHILD.


PNEUMOMEDIASTINUM AS A COMPLICATION OF ACUTE BRONCHIAL ASTHMA.


TOXIC REACTIONS TO LOCAL ANESTHETICS.

TOXIC REACTIONS TO LOCAL ANESTHETICS.


RESEARCH AT UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF MICROBIOLOGY.


COMMON ERUPTIONS OF THE FEET.

COMMON ERUPTIONS OF THE FEET.


THE CASE OF THE DANGLE OVER THE DIVERGENT DIAGNOSES.


SELECTED FILMS FOR MEDICAL TEACHING. A SUGGESTED BASIC MOTION PICTURE LIBRARY.


THE EFFECT OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT ON THE MELTING TEMPERATURE AND FUSION OF POLYETHYLENE.


EFFECT OF HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON GASES DISSOLVED IN WATER.


SORPTION RATES INDICATIVE OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN SOLID POLYPEPTIDES.


ELECTRIC MOMENT OF ISONICOTINAMIDE IN BENZENE AND DIOXANE SOLUTIONS.


ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF CADMIUM CHLORIDE IN MIXED AQUEOUS SOLUTION WITH BENZYLTRIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE.


THE RECOGNITION OF CHRONIC GOUTY ARTHRITIS.


ANEURYSM OF THE LEFT ATRIUM ASSOCIATED WITH SYNCOPE AND CYANOSIS; A CASE REPORT.


STAINLESS STEEL DISC VALVE FOR CARDIAC VALVE REPLACEMENT.


MITRAL RESTENOSIS.

MITRAL RESTENOSIS.