{"pmid": "1012546", "title": "Present knowledge of breast cancer.", "content": "Present knowledge of breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012546"}
{"pmid": "1012550", "title": "Bilateral breast cancer what about the other breast?", "content": "Bilateral breast cancer what about the other breast?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012550"}
{"pmid": "1012565", "title": "Abdominal angina. Diagnosis and surgical treatment.", "content": "Abdominal angina. Diagnosis and surgical treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012565"}
{"pmid": "1012615", "title": "Assessment of total and selective ERPF for each kidney using radioisotope techniques.", "content": "Assessment of total and selective ERPF for each kidney using radioisotope techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012615"}
{"pmid": "1012642", "title": "Main issues in oncology.", "content": "Main issues in oncology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012642"}
{"pmid": "1012643", "title": "Aryl-hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in lymphocytes from lung cancer patients and normal controls.", "content": "Aryl-hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in lymphocytes from lung cancer patients and normal controls. A radiometric assay for the determination of AHH activity in lymphocytes is described. Subjects included eleven male patients with histologically verified lung cancer (nine squamous cell carcinoma and two adenocarcinoma) and eleven age- and sex-matched controls. Lung cancer patients exhibited considerably greater variation and elevated levels of both AHH activity per se and AHH activity adjusted for total cellular DNA than control individuals. Methodology for AHH determinations and implications for lung cancer epidemiology and control are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012643"}
{"pmid": "1012644", "title": "Effects of some low molecular weight sheep pineal fractions and melatonin on different tumors in rats and mice.", "content": "Effects of some low molecular weight sheep pineal fractions and melatonin on different tumors in rats and mice. With these preliminary experiments attention is drawn to a possible relation between tumor development and the pineal. The influence of melatonin and some low molecular weight pineal fractions on the growth and incidence of different experimental tumors was compared. Some pineal fractions which have an effect on the activity of hypothalamus on anterior hypophyses of male rats and mice in vitro may be active in some of these tumor models.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012644"}
{"pmid": "1012645", "title": "Studies of a transplantable rat pheochromocytoma.", "content": "Studies of a transplantable rat pheochromocytoma. A transplantable rat pheochromocytoma in New England Deaconess Hospital (NEDH) was first described by WARREN in 1972. It is characterized by the documented association with systolic hypertension and the known presence of increased urinary metanephrines and vanilmadelic acid in tumor-bearing animals. The present report describes features of the transplantable tumor, our laboratories have noted, in five tumor transplantations starting in 1974. Tumor-bearing animals survive 49 +/- 5 days and die much sooner than aging, non-tumor-bearing litter mates. Gross measurements confirm the rapid growth of the primary tumor, although at autopsy, histologically proven metastatic foci are rarely seen. Polycythemia with or without increased erythropoietin (ESF) levels were not detected. Electronmicroscopic studies confirmed the presence in tumor tissue of the previously described intracytoplasmic granules. Further studies on this endocrine-associated transplantable tumor are warranted and feasible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012645"}
{"pmid": "1012646", "title": "Etiologic related studies of ultraviolet light-mediated carcinogenesis.", "content": "Etiologic related studies of ultraviolet light-mediated carcinogenesis. Comparisons were made of cholesterol-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxide (CAE) levels in skin of hairless mice maintained on a regular or antioxidant supplemented diet and receiving chronic ultraviolet light (UVL) radiation over an 18-week period. Cholesterol-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxide levels in skin of animals on antioxidant supplemented diet, while reaching a peak four weeks after that of animals on regular diet, thereafter were consistently higher. Dietary antioxidants nevertheless had an inhibitory effect on UVL-induced tumors. These data are inconsistent with the theory of CAE involvement as an ultimate carcinogen in UVL-mediated carcinogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012646"}
{"pmid": "1012647", "title": "Early onset of oral cancer among women who drink and smoke.", "content": "Early onset of oral cancer among women who drink and smoke. Potentially, one of the most useful warning signals for the detection of environmental hazards is an unusually early age at onset of disease. Animal studies have shown age effects of this type with co-carcinogens. A clearcut example of a downward age shift in humans is provided by a study of the consumption of alcoholic beverages and cigarettes in women with oral concer. Using data on 145 white females with intraoral cancer, and 1973 non-neoplastic controls from patients seen at Roswell Park Memorial Institute between 1957 and 1966, it can be shown that exposure to both alcohol and tobacco can lead to onset of oral cancer 15 or more years earlier than would occur in women who do not use either alcohol or tobacco. Exposure to smoking only produces a smaller age shift, but exposure to alcohol only does not produce any clear shift in age of onset. Implications for co-carcinogenesis and for early detection of co-carcinogens in the environment are suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012647"}
{"pmid": "1012648", "title": "Evaluation of VP-16 and the combination of adriamycin and vincristine in advanced breast cancer.", "content": "Evaluation of VP-16 and the combination of adriamycin and vincristine in advanced breast cancer. 39 previously treated patients with metastatic breast cancer were treated in a partially randomized study evaluating VP-16 and the combination of Vincristine (VCR) and Adriamycin (ADR). Of the 19 patients treated with VP-16 initially, two had partial remissions. No responses were noted in eleven patients who corssed-over after failing VCR plus ADR. Of the 20 patients treated with VCR plus ADR initially, four patients had partial responses. An additional 2/15 patients responded on crossover after failing initially on VP-16. No significant differences in time to last follow-up or death could be detected between the two treatment programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012648"}
{"pmid": "1012649", "title": "Ixodes (Afrixodes) Bakeri Arthur & Clifford, 1961 (Acarina: Ixodidae): description of the male and immature stages from rodents and insectivores and notes on its biology in South Africa.", "content": "Ixodes (Afrixodes) Bakeri Arthur & Clifford, 1961 (Acarina: Ixodidae): description of the male and immature stages from rodents and insectivores and notes on its biology in South Africa. The male, nymph and larva of Ixodes (A), bakeri are described and illustrated with line drawings and scanning electron microscope photographs. This species was originally described from 1 female from Otomys sp., Nyika Plateau, Malawi. The present material consists of 28 collections from insectivores and 19 collections from rodents, Van Riebeeck Nature Reserve, Transvaal, plus 1 collection from a rodent in the Jonkershoek Valley, Cape Province, Republic of South Africa. Its biology in South Africa is also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012649"}
{"pmid": "1012650", "title": "Leukoencephalomalacia: a mycotoxicosis of Equidae caused by Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon.", "content": "Leukoencephalomalacia: a mycotoxicosis of Equidae caused by Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon. When 2 horses were dosed with cultures of a Fusarium moniliforme isolate that had previously caused only hepatosis, 1 developed brain oedema and hepatosis, and the other only leukoencephalomalacia. A 3rd horse developed both leukoencephalomalacia and hepatosis after being dosed with another isolate obtained from maize which was associated with a natural outbreak of the nervous form of the disease. Since leukoencephalomalacia and hepatosis could be induced by the same culture material, it was concluded that both syndromes were manifestations of the same toxicosis. There was also some evidence that leukoencephalomalacia might be specifically induced by the administration of smaller doses of the culture material to horses over a longer period. The clinical signs of nervous disorder included ataxia, paresis, apathy, hypersensitivity, frenzy, and other locomotory and psychic disturbances. Autopsy showed that the brains were oedematous, and focal areas of liquefactive necrosis were present in the cerebral white matter. In 1 case the malacic areas were not confined to the subcortical white matter but were microscopically visible in the cerebral cortex as well. An histopathological examination of the areas bordering on the malacic areas revealed rarefication of the white matter, perivascular haemorrhages, oedema and cellular infiltration composed mainly of plasma cells and eosinophiles. Many of the macrophages in these areas contained lipfuscin-like granules, but these granules also occurred extracellularly in the neuropil. In the layers of the cortex nearest the malacic areas, satellitosis and neurophagia were commonly seen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012650"}
{"pmid": "1012651", "title": "Light and electron microscopic observations on the development of small merozoites of Babesia bovis in Boophilus microplus larvae.", "content": "Light and electron microscopic observations on the development of small merozoites of Babesia bovis in Boophilus microplus larvae. The development of small pyriform merozoites of B. bovis in the granule-secreting cells of the salivary glands of B. microplus larvae, studied with a light microscope, showed a close resemblance to that of B. argentina described by Riek (1966) in the same tick vector. Dvelopment took place through a process of schizogony and resulted in the formation of many merozoites. A study of the ultrastructure of developing merozoites in the schizont revealed the following: a poorly defined outer membrane; a granular osmiophilic inner membrane; anterior and posterior polar rings; rhoptries; micronemes; microtubules; a nucleus; spherical bodies of varying size. The schizonts were membrane-bound but no parasitophorous vacuoles were seen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012651"}
{"pmid": "1012652", "title": "Q fever in cattle and sheep in Southern Africa. A preliminary report.", "content": "Q fever in cattle and sheep in Southern Africa. A preliminary report. In the course of a study initiated to elucidate the role of known abortifacient in ruminants in Southern Africa, Coxiella burnetti was identified in smears prepared from bovine and ovine placental tissues obtained from 12 farms. The organism was also isolated in embryonated eggs, and specific antibodies were demonstrated in sera of animals originating from these farms. In 7 of the 12 herds in which Q fever was diagnosed, other pathogens were identified concomitantly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012652"}
{"pmid": "1012653", "title": "Fertilization capacity of Boophilus decoloratus (Koch, 1844) (Acarina: Ixodidae).", "content": "Fertilization capacity of Boophilus decoloratus (Koch, 1844) (Acarina: Ixodidae). Thirty individual Boophilus decoloratus (Koch, 1844) males were studied daily, some during the whole observation period of 37 days. Newly moulted males spent a mean of 3, 8 days (range 3-6 on the host before mating. Males mated with between 1-8 females (mean 4, 6), spending 2, 6 days (range 1-10) with each and 0, 5 days (range 0-4) in between females. The time spent by adult males on the host was from 9-37 days. The ability for males to produce viable offspring remained fairly constant with each successive female fertilized. Development took place in eggs produced by unfertilized female ticks but only a very small percentage (mean 0,008%) of these eggs hatched.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012653"}
{"pmid": "1012655", "title": "Gonad development and gametogenesis in Boophilus decoloratus (Koch, 1844) (Acarina Metastriata Ixodidae).", "content": "Gonad development and gametogenesis in Boophilus decoloratus (Koch, 1844) (Acarina Metastriata Ixodidae). Phases in the growth of the reproductive organs and gametogenesis were followed in both males and females of Boophilus decoloratus (Koch, 1844). Special attention was given to the timing of meiosis, the production of mature spermiophores, mating and spermiophore relocation in the female. The main growth phase of the male testes takes place during the nymphal stage while that of the accessory gland complex takes place during the 4 days after moulting and before mating. The main growth phase of female ovaries and oviducts takes place during the post-mating period on the host and the previposition period. Meiosis in males takes place only after the attachment of the newly-moulted ticks; spematogenesis and spermiogenesis occur within a period of 4 days, after which pairing and spermatophore transfer take place. Meiosis was not observed in female ticks and it is concluded that this reduction division takes place only after spermiophore penetration of the oocytes and egg shell formation. Female ticks may be impregnated more than once, a maximum of 5 matings being deduced from counts of spermiophore capsules in the female seminal receptacle. Each spermatophore produced by male ticks yields either 1 but more commonly 2 spermiophore capsules. The reproduction of B. decoloratus is briefly discussed and compared with other Ixodoidea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012655"}
{"pmid": "1012654", "title": "A highly fatal tremorgenic mycotoxicosis of cattle caused by Aspergillus clavatus.", "content": "A highly fatal tremorgenic mycotoxicosis of cattle caused by Aspergillus clavatus. During February 1975, a tremorgenic neurotoxicosis decimated a herd of cattle in the northern Transvaal. This hitherto unidentified disease was characterized by hypersensitivity, incoordination, a peculiar stiff-legged gait of the hind legs, severe generalized tumors of the sketetal muscles, progressive paresis, paralysis and constipation. The most notable gross pathological lesions were degenerative and necrotic changes in certain skeletal muscles, haemorrhages on the serosal surfaces, especially on the dorsal aspect of the rumen, and gastro-intestinal stasis. Microscopical examination of the central nervous system revealed cytopathological changes consisting of degeneration and necrosis of the large motor cells in the ventral horns of the spinal cord and bigger neurones in numerous nuclei of the medulla oblongata, midbrain and thalamus. By feeding the suspect ration and its component parts to cattle and sheep, it was possible to identify mouldy sorghum beer residue as the toxic component in the ration. A. clavatus, the dominant fungus on the toxic residue, was readily isolated in pure culture. The entire syndrome was then reproduced in a yearling Friesland steer dosed with pure cultures of the A. clavatus isolate grown on autoclaved non-toxic sorghum beer residue. The toxic principle is not known, but it does not appear to be patulin, tryptoquivalone, tryptoquivaline, or any other known tremorgen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012654"}
{"pmid": "1012706", "title": "Theoretical interstellar and prebiotic organic chemistry: a tentative methodology.", "content": "Theoretical interstellar and prebiotic organic chemistry: a tentative methodology. A theoretical methodology for the systematic study of the interstellar molecules is proposed. Some examples, dealing with formaldehyde excited states, formyl radical and ion, reactivity of the excited states of formic acid, methyl cyanide and methyl acetylene, as well as the reaction patho of formaldehyde photodecomposition are presented. Quantum chemical methods appear to be a powerful tool to study the structure and behaviour of molecules related with interstellar space and the Origin of Life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012706"}
{"pmid": "1012707", "title": "Vulcanism, mercury-sensitized photo-reactions and abiogenetic synthesis: a theoretical treatment.", "content": "Vulcanism, mercury-sensitized photo-reactions and abiogenetic synthesis: a theoretical treatment. Attention is called to the photodynamic and thermodynamic properties of Periodic Group IIb elements, most notably Hg, as they relate to ultra-violet sensitization in organic chemical reactions. The energy levels of 6(1) P1 and 6(3) P1 resonance states and the high vapor pressure ((greater than 10(-3) mm) of the metal at temperatures as low as 293 K bring Hg with the range of bond dissociation energies in most organic molecules and many inorganics. These capabilities considered together with recent evidence for Hg emission as a regular part of volcanic and geothermal processes provide the basis for our proposal that Hg-sensitized ultraviolet photo-reactions may have played a significant part in abiogenetic organic synthesis on the primative earth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012707"}
{"pmid": "1012708", "title": "Glycine and alanine synthesis from formaldehyde and hydroxylamine in the field of ultrasound waves.", "content": "Glycine and alanine synthesis from formaldehyde and hydroxylamine in the field of ultrasound waves. High intensity ultrasound waves coupled with other form of energy obviously were initiators of pre-biochemical reactions; these reactions occurred in the water masses of the primordial Earth. Essential biological substances like formaldehyde, ammonia, hydrocyanic acid, and amino acids compounds similar to carbohydrates by their properties were synthesized in the field of ultrasound waves in model experiments. The main partners of these reactions are water and gases of reductional atomosphere: hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, nitrogen and argon. Formation of amino acids takes place in aqueous solutions of formaldehyde and hydroxylamine. The sonication yielded alanine and glycine, 2.0 X 10(-7) and 1.8 X 10(-7) molecules per 100 eV respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012708"}
{"pmid": "1012709", "title": "Formation of biologically relevant carboxylic acids during the gamma irradiation of acetic acid.", "content": "Formation of biologically relevant carboxylic acids during the gamma irradiation of acetic acid. Irradiation of aqueous solutions of acetic acid with gamma rays produced several carboxylic acids in small yield. Their identification was based on the technique of gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. Some of these acids are Krebs Cycle intermediates. Their simultaneous formation in experiments simulating the primitive conditions on the earth suggests that metabolic pathways may have their origin in prebiotic chemical processes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012709"}
{"pmid": "1012711", "title": "A cybernetic approach to the origin of the genetic coding mechanism. I. Methodological principles.", "content": "A cybernetic approach to the origin of the genetic coding mechanism. I. Methodological principles. It is postulated that some quasi-deterministic code features (universality, connectedness, systematic degeneracy, symmetry, regularity and so on) resulted from unique (and therefore universal) relization of a stochastic evolutionary process. The evolution of real genetic systems should satisfy the principle of succession; that is, loss of a feature that is necessary for a genetic system means death to its carrier. The hypothesis of unique key coincidence is proposed which indicates the mechanisms of arising of the primary correspondence between the linear structures of polynucleotides and polypeptides. If the collinear coincidence was to appear in the key positions of pra-protein with, at least, some of the primitive properties of the pra-amino-acyl-t-RNA-synthetase required for the accelerated recognition of the key positions of pra-template, the positive feed-back mechanism in the system would be most short-circuited so that the repetitive reproduction of pra-synthetase would be much accelerated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012711"}
{"pmid": "1012712", "title": "A cybernetic approach to the origin of the genetic coding mechanism. II. Formation of the code series.", "content": "A cybernetic approach to the origin of the genetic coding mechanism. II. Formation of the code series. The sequential fulfillment of the principle of succession necessarily guides the main steps of the genetic code evolution to be reflected in its structure. The general scheme of the code series formation is proposed basing on the idea of \"group coding\" (Woese, 1970). The genetic code supposedly evolved by means of successive divergence of pra-ARS's loci, accompanied by increasing specification of recognition capacity of amino acids and triplets. The sense of codons had not been changed on any step of stochastic code evolution. The formulated rules for code series formation produce a code version, similar to the contemporary one. Based on these rules the scheme of pra-ARS's divergence is proposed resulting in the grouping of amino acids by their polarity and size. Later steps in the evolution of the genetic code were probably based on more detailed features of the amino acids (for example, on their functional similarities like their interchangeabilities in isofunctional proteins).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012712"}
{"pmid": "1012710", "title": "Prebiotic condensation reactions in an aqueous medium: a review of condensing agents.", "content": "Prebiotic condensation reactions in an aqueous medium: a review of condensing agents. Biopolymers are formed by dehydration-type condensation reactions. In aqueous solutions dehydration reactions are very unlikely to happen spontaneously. However, coupling of dehydration-condensation to the hydrolysis of condensing agents could facilitate the synthesis of biopolymers in an aqueous solution. The literature shows that the peptides, nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides can be formed in this way. A careful study of the literature pertaining to prebiotic condensing agents was conducted in order to determine the most plausible prebiotic synthesis of biopolymers. The condensing agents taken into consideration are cyanamide, carbodimide, dicyanamide, dicyandiamide, hydrogen-cyanide-tetramer, cyanogen and the linear- and cyclic polyphosphates. From both a chemical as well as biological point of view the polyphosphates appear to be the most plausible general prebiotic condensing agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012710"}
{"pmid": "1012713", "title": "The palirrhotrophic origin of energy metabolism.", "content": "The palirrhotrophic origin of energy metabolism. It is proposed that the earliest cellular organisms relied upon a novel type of energy transduction termed palirrhotrophy, which generates a high-energy \"currency\" chemiosmotically by exploiting the rhythmic variations in salinity which occur in the estuarine environment. Calculations based on estimates of contemporary chemiosmotic transduction efficiency suggest that such a mechanism could produce usable energy in high yield. The minimum polypeptide requirement for palirrhotrophy compares favorably with that of a fermentative pathway. It is suggested that palirrhotrophic organisms exist today but are difficult to detect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012713"}
{"pmid": "1012714", "title": "Hydrocarbons obtained by pyrolysis of some precambrian rocks of Minnesota.", "content": "Hydrocarbons obtained by pyrolysis of some precambrian rocks of Minnesota.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012714"}
{"pmid": "1012715", "title": "On the significance of tetrahedral tetrads of Precambrian algal cells.", "content": "On the significance of tetrahedral tetrads of Precambrian algal cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012715"}
{"pmid": "1012716", "title": "The origin and evolution of the Viking mission to Mars.", "content": "The origin and evolution of the Viking mission to Mars.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012716"}
{"pmid": "1012717", "title": "General constraints on the Viking biology investigation.", "content": "General constraints on the Viking biology investigation. The Viking biological investigation will be conducted in the face of a number of constraints. Problems are created because of the inherent engineering of the instrument, communication constraints and other factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012717"}
{"pmid": "1012718", "title": "The pyrolytic release experiment: measurement of carbon assimilation.", "content": "The pyrolytic release experiment: measurement of carbon assimilation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012718"}
{"pmid": "1012720", "title": "The search for life on Mars: Viking 1976 gas changes as indicators of biological activity.", "content": "The search for life on Mars: Viking 1976 gas changes as indicators of biological activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012720"}
{"pmid": "1012719", "title": "Labeled release - an experiment in radiorespirometry.", "content": "Labeled release - an experiment in radiorespirometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012719"}
{"pmid": "1012724", "title": "Adoption at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang.", "content": "Adoption at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang. 18 of the 41 children adopted at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, from 1969-74 were followed up.  Most of these children were 3-7 months of age at time of adoption.  5 children had received official approval from the court; of the remaining adoptees, 1 was given temporary approval by the notary and 12 by the local district head.  The children's health status was judged to be satisfactory.  Psychological evaluation using the Denver Developmental Screening Test indicated no mental retardation; however, IQ level was difficult to determine.  Adoption has a long tradition in Indonesia.  Parents who wish a child to be adopted submit a letter of transfer to the hospital.  Parents who wish to adopt also submit a letter and a health certificate.  A social worker investigates the foster parents' economic and educational background and prepares them for their responsibilities.  A psychologist investigates the child's mental behavior before and after adoption and obtains information on the prospective parents' desire to adopt.  However, unsatisfactory facilities and unskilled personnel have created a lack of sound preparation for the adoption process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012724"}
{"pmid": "1012725", "title": "Percentiles for height and weight of children between 6-12 years of age in Bandung.", "content": "Percentiles for height and weight of children between 6-12 years of age in Bandung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012725"}
{"pmid": "1012727", "title": "Tetanus neonatorum in the Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta.", "content": "Tetanus neonatorum in the Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012727"}
{"pmid": "1012726", "title": "Cerebral palsy in Y.P.A.C. (Institution for Crippled Children) Semarang.", "content": "Cerebral palsy in Y.P.A.C. (Institution for Crippled Children) Semarang.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012726"}
{"pmid": "1012730", "title": "Positive tuberculin and primary tuberculosis. Frequency among non-BCG children of 0-4 years. (preliminary report).", "content": "Positive tuberculin and primary tuberculosis. Frequency among non-BCG children of 0-4 years. (preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012730"}
{"pmid": "1012731", "title": "Caries in outpatients at the Department of Child Health and Dental Clinic of the Provincial Referral Hospital (RSUPP) in Medan during 1971-1973.", "content": "Caries in outpatients at the Department of Child Health and Dental Clinic of the Provincial Referral Hospital (RSUPP) in Medan during 1971-1973.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012731"}
{"pmid": "1012728", "title": "Neonatal tetanus. Evaluation of treatment and a proposal for classification of severity.", "content": "Neonatal tetanus. Evaluation of treatment and a proposal for classification of severity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012728"}
{"pmid": "1012729", "title": "Progressive muscular dystrophy (Duchenne type) (case report).", "content": "Progressive muscular dystrophy (Duchenne type) (case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012729"}
{"pmid": "1012733", "title": "Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (case report).", "content": "Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012733"}
{"pmid": "1012739", "title": "Transport of lipoprotein lipase in the endothelium of rat heart.", "content": "Transport of lipoprotein lipase in the endothelium of rat heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012739"}
{"pmid": "1012740", "title": "Early detection of lipoprotein abnormalities in children.", "content": "Early detection of lipoprotein abnormalities in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012740"}
{"pmid": "1012732", "title": "Retroperitoneal teratoma in an eleven-month-old baby. (case report).", "content": "Retroperitoneal teratoma in an eleven-month-old baby. (case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012732"}
{"pmid": "1012743", "title": "Luminal eccentricity and deformity in atherosclerotic coronary arteries.", "content": "Luminal eccentricity and deformity in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Detailed analyses of the configuration of lumina from one hundred (100) segments of severely atherosclerotic epicardial coronary arteries (at least 75 p. 100 of the area of their original lumina narrowed, determined by planimetry) were made. All lumina were distended by a standardized coronary injection technique. In contrast to the general impression, concentric lumina occurred as commonly as eccentric lumina and there were more arteries with an eccentric lumen and/or with significant luminal deformity, i.e. with their smallest diameter smaller than 50 p. 100 of their greatest diameter, than the concentric and more regular ones. The eccentricity and significant deformity of atherosclerotic lumina apparently cause difficulties in precise angiographic measurements of coronary stenosis. To solve the problem of the discrepancies between angiographic and anatomical estimation of coronary arterial stenosis, utilization of more than three different projection angles should be considered in clinical angiographic appraisal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012743"}
{"pmid": "1012744", "title": "Schistosoma mansoni in the baboon (Papio anubis): parasitological responses of Kenyan baboons to different exposures of a local parasite strain.", "content": "Schistosoma mansoni in the baboon (Papio anubis): parasitological responses of Kenyan baboons to different exposures of a local parasite strain. The course of infection with a local strain of Schistosoma mansoni was investigated in Kenyan baboons (Papio anubis). A single exposure to 5000 cercariae per baboon (cpb) killed five 4-8 kg baboons; a sixth survived the full 30-week post-exposure period, with suppressed egg production after week 11. Lower doses were not lethal. A single exposure to 1000 cpb gave satisfactory adult worm recoveries, high and steady faecal egg excretion, and a high tissue egg recovery, predominantly from the large intestine. A similar but less consistent picture was obtained with a single exposure to 200 cpb. Baboons receiving 5 monthly exposures of 200 cpb (1000 cpb total) showed some evidence of the development of protective immunity. Three animals showed patterns resembling those for 200 and 1000 cpb. The other 3 had suppressed egg production (faecal and tissue) indicating, perhaps, some immunological process. They also had an abnormally high percentage of eggs in the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012744"}
{"pmid": "1012745", "title": "Studies on the hatchability of Schistosoma mansoni eggs from a naturally infected human community on St Lucia, West Indies.", "content": "Studies on the hatchability of Schistosoma mansoni eggs from a naturally infected human community on St Lucia, West Indies. A relatively simple, standardized hatching test was devised, tested and used to estimate the Schistosoma mansoni hatching rate for 88 St Lucian subjects selected by age, sex and intensity of infection. The hatching rate was dependent on the intensity of infection and rose proportionately with it. The rate also decreased with increasing age of the subject. Sex alone had no direct effect but there was a suggestion of an interaction between sex and age. These results suggest that several hatching tests are necessary, before and after treatment in schistosomicidal drug trials, to permit valid conclusions to be drawn. The hatching data are used in conjunction with survey results to calculate the contamination potential of different age groups in a population. School children (5-14 years old) are about twice as important as young adults (15-29 years old) who, nevertheless, contribute over a quarter of the total contamination potential. However, whereas school children are fairly accessible for mass chemotherapy control programmes, young adults often are not and, furthermore, involve problems associated with the treatment of women of child-bearing age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012745"}
{"pmid": "1012746", "title": "Eimeria tenella: experimental studies on the development of resistance to robenidine.", "content": "Eimeria tenella: experimental studies on the development of resistance to robenidine. The development of resistance by the Houghton strain (H) of E. tenella to robenidine has been studied in the laboratory, by serially passaging the strain in chickens fed increasing concentrations of drug. Resistance to robenidine developed more readily in experiments using larger numbers of birds with higher numbers of oocysts in the inoculum. Both these factors increased the parasite population and increased the chance of selecting parasites resistant to the drug. E. tenella (H) was made resistant to 264 ppm robenidine and showed no cross-resistance to other anticoccidial agents. Resistance arose in a series of 'steps' as the concentration of drug was increased. E. tenella (H) was continuously passaged at concentrations ranging from 2 to 33 ppm of robenidine. After 16 passages, lines passaged at 2,4 and 8 ppm were not resistant to 33 ppm robenidine, suggesting that the degree of resistance developed was dependent upon the drug selection pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012746"}
{"pmid": "1012749", "title": "Studies on site finding and site specificity of Eimeria praecox, Eimeria maxima and Eimeria acervulina in chickens.", "content": "Studies on site finding and site specificity of Eimeria praecox, Eimeria maxima and Eimeria acervulina in chickens. Sporozoites of 3 species of Eimeria were introduced into the caecum of young chickens. E. praecox and E. maxima failed to develop in this site, but light infections of E. acervulina were detected. Infection of the small intestine with all 3 species occurred when sporozoites were introduced via the caecum. Infections were produced when mucosal scrapings of small intestine from birds, inoculated via the caecum 1-4 h previously, were inoculated orally to susceptible chickens. Experiments with 51Cr-labelled sporozoites of E. praecox introduced in the caecum, confirmed that small numbers of sporozoites are capable of migrating from the lower to the upper intestine. Sporozoites were not transferred with liver tissue from birds given sporozoites via the caecum but were transferred with the liver of chickens given sporozoites intraperitoneally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012749"}
{"pmid": "1012750", "title": "Some observations on the sexual differentiation of Eimeria tenella using single sporozoite infections in chicken embryos.", "content": "Some observations on the sexual differentiation of Eimeria tenella using single sporozoite infections in chicken embryos. Unsporulated oocysts were recovered from the allantoic cavity of 5 chicken embryos inoculated with a single sporozoite of Eimeria tenella; some of these oocysts sporulated. Both macrogametes and microgametes are required for the formation of viable oocysts. The results conclusively demonstrate the bisexual nature of the sporozoite, suggest that sexual differentiation is influenced by environmental factors, and show that true clones of Eimeria can be established from individual sporozoites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012750"}
{"pmid": "1012747", "title": "Further studies on the use of chicken embryo infections for the study of drug resistance in Eimeria tenella.", "content": "Further studies on the use of chicken embryo infections for the study of drug resistance in Eimeria tenella. Infections in the chicken embryo have been used to study the development of drug resistance in an embryo adapted strain of E. tenella. Resistance was developed to decoquinate, clopidol and robenidine by serially passaging this strain, but evidence for the development of resistance to amprolium was inconclusive. Resistance to decoquinate developed more readily than to the other drugs. Attempts to increase resistance to clopidol, robenidine and amprolium by increasing the sporozoite inoculum and by the use of a mutagenic agent were unsuccesful. No cross-resistance was found between the 4 drugs. Drug resistant lines of the Houghton strain (H) of E. tenella, made resistant to the 4 anticoccidial drugs by passage in chickens, were found to be resistant when evaluated using chicken embryo infections. Lines made resistant to decoquinate were not controlled by any concentration of this drug, suggesting that resistance, once developed, was absolute and not dependent on drug concentration. Lines made resistant to robenidine, clopidol and amprolium, however, were controlled by higher drug concentrations suggesting that in this case resistance was dependent on drug concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012747"}
{"pmid": "1012748", "title": "Laboratory studies with some older anticoccidials.", "content": "Laboratory studies with some older anticoccidials. Features of the anticoccidial activity of nicarbazin, amprolium, zoalene, sulphadimidine, diaveridine, Darvisul, spiramycin, chloramphenicol and oxytetracycline have been re-investigated both in vivo and in cell culture using Eimeria tenella. Of the drugs studied, only spiramycin was appreciably coccidiocidal, although nicarbazin and amprolium showed possibly slower coccidiocidal activity. In order to show activity against a particular stage in the life-cycle, higher concentrations of drug than those usually recommended for field usage had in most cases to be used. Under these conditions, parasites were usually inhibited as multinucleate 1st generation schizonts. With delayed medication, effects against 2nd generation parasites were in most cases found, and in many cases, although the parasites never matured to give viable merozoites, the large degenerating forms produced were able to cause extensive tissue destruction and haemorrhage. Methodology in this type of study is discussed in relation to more active and more recent anticoccidials, and some further experiments with robenidine reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012748"}
{"pmid": "1012751", "title": "The effect of moisture supply upon the development and hatching the eggs of Nematodirus battus.", "content": "The effect of moisture supply upon the development and hatching the eggs of Nematodirus battus. Experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of variations in humidity and osmotic pressure upon the development and hatching of the eggs of Nematodirus battus. It was found that no development or hatching took place unless there was free water available, though humidity effects could enhance the subsequent response of the eggs in water. Larvae were found to be very resistant to prolonged exposure to low humidity. The concentration of the hatching medium showed little effect upon development of eggs, though the rate of larval emergence was reduced as the concentration of the culture medium increased. The relevance of this information is discussed in the context of other requirements of the egg stages during their hatching phase and how this may affect the behaviour of this nematode under field conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012751"}
{"pmid": "1012753", "title": "Parasitic helminths of the American avocet Recurvirostra americana: four new species of the families Hymenolepididae and Acoleidae (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidae).", "content": "Parasitic helminths of the American avocet Recurvirostra americana: four new species of the families Hymenolepididae and Acoleidae (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidae). Records are presented of 11 species of parasitic helminths recovered from 37 American avocets. Birds were collected in Kansas and Colorado from April 1973 to August 1974. Parsites found included 3 trematodes, 2 nematodes, 1 acanthocephalan and 5 cestodes, 4 of which are new species. Hymenolepis cervotestis sp.n. (Hymenolepididae) is described from the small intestine of 7 avocets. It exhibits extreme protandry with the testes appearing before external segmentation is evident. Sobolevicanthus coloradensis sp.n. (Hymenolepididae) is described from the small intestine of 4 avocets. This species is found to have its scolex embedded in the intesttinal mucosa of its host. Diorchis recurvirostrae sp.n. (Hymenolepididae) is described from specimens recovered from the small intestine of 5 avocets. Diplophallus coili sp.n. (Acoleidae) is described from the small intestine of all 37 avocets. The family Diploposthidae is suppressed and the family Acoleidae is emended to include the 4 genera previously placed in Diploposthidae. A key to the genera of Acoleidae is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012753"}
{"pmid": "1012752", "title": "Seasonal abundance of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus taken from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in a heated reservoir.", "content": "Seasonal abundance of Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus taken from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in a heated reservoir. Samples of largemouth bass were collected from Par Pond located on the Energy Research and Development Administration's Savannah River Plant in Aiken, South Carolina, from June 1972 to May 1973 inclusive. The sampling stations reflected water temperatures which were both normal and greater than 10 degrees C above normal for the area. The acanthocephalan Neoechinorhynchus cylindratus was the dominant species found in the bass sampled. Incidences of infection for this parasite were generally greater than 95% regardless of location. A pronounced seasonal cycling pattern in the intensity of infection was noted in both thermal regions. Significant differences, however, in the mean density of N. cylindratus per host in fish taken from the heated area as compared with unheated areas were noted. Turnover in the acanthocephalan population was measured by following the percentage of individuals less than 2 mm long. Fall proved to be the most intense parasite recruitment season, followed by maturation of parasite and subsequent loss from the fish host. The principal factors responsible for the seasonal incidence and intensity patterns are considered to be changes in the fish feeding behaviour and annual temperature regimes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012752"}
{"pmid": "1012754", "title": "Dynamic determinants of the route of larval Strongyloides ratti in lactating rats and the control of experimental error in quantitative studies of milk transmission of skin-penetrating roundworms.", "content": "Dynamic determinants of the route of larval Strongyloides ratti in lactating rats and the control of experimental error in quantitative studies of milk transmission of skin-penetrating roundworms. Subcutaneous injection of nursing mothers from day 16 to day 20 post partum with infective larvae of Strongyloides ratti or Nippostrongylus brasiliensis does not result in the development of worms in the litters if 1 h is allowed between injection and resumed nursing and suckling is terminated 24 h later. Thus the low numbers of N. brasiliensis (1% of the dose) which develop in litters after 24 h, 4 day or 5 days suckling when mothers are injected and returned  to their young immediately, represent skin invasion and not milk-borne infection. Taking precautions consistent with the foregoing, S. ratti equivalent to 28%, 45%, 45% and 48% of the dose were shown to be transmitted in the milk to suckling rats of 4 mothers injected with 4000 L 3 on day 18 post partum and 72 h before weaning. One mother of the same batch failed to transmit worms (1% of the dose in the litter) and the take in all 5 mothers was insignificant (max. = 3% of the dose versus an average of 21% in controls). Large numbers of S. ratti were subsequently found in the intestines of mothers whose litters were weaned immediately after (21%) or 6 h after (16%) injection, whereas very few (less than 1%) developed in mothers deprived of their offspring 24 h after injection. Dynamic, rather than static, determinants of larval routes inside the host present the only logical basis for an explanation of these facts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012754"}
{"pmid": "1012755", "title": "Echinococcus granulosus: development in vitro from oncosphere to immature hydatid cyst.", "content": "Echinococcus granulosus: development in vitro from oncosphere to immature hydatid cyst. Echinococcus granulosus cysts were cultured in vitro from the oncosphere, and cyst morphogenesis is described. Cysts grew to a mean diameter of 16 mm in 120 days, with a maximum of 20 mm. An amorphous layer was apparent around the larvae during early post-oncospheral re-organization. Organisms became vesicular at 6 days and laminations appeared in the amorphous layer at 10 days. Confluence of proliferating cells to form the syncytium of the germinal membrane was observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012755"}
{"pmid": "1012736", "title": "Tiberal (Ro 7-0207-Roche) in the treatment of intestinal amoebiasis--Part II.", "content": "Tiberal (Ro 7-0207-Roche) in the treatment of intestinal amoebiasis--Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012736"}
{"pmid": "1012735", "title": "Treatment of bronchopneumonia with spiramycine (Rovamycine).", "content": "Treatment of bronchopneumonia with spiramycine (Rovamycine).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012735"}
{"pmid": "1012734", "title": "The use of anthelmintics in the treatment of ascariasis.", "content": "The use of anthelmintics in the treatment of ascariasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012734"}
{"pmid": "1012737", "title": "Flagyl (Metronidazole) in the treatment of intestinal amebiasis. Part IV.", "content": "Flagyl (Metronidazole) in the treatment of intestinal amebiasis. Part IV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012737"}
{"pmid": "1012788", "title": "Persistent pneumatoceles associated with systemic leukocyte abnormalities.", "content": "Persistent pneumatoceles associated with systemic leukocyte abnormalities. Three patients with leucocyte related immune deficiency developed pneumatoceles during acute bacterial pneumonia. A fourth patient with chronic granulomatous disease of childhood developed persistent lung cysts following pulmonary abscesses. The pneumatoceles persisted without significant change for one year to five years. In 25 immunologically normal patients, pneumatoceles that were associated with acute bacterial pneumonia resolved in 3 weeks to 11 months. Perhaps alterations in leukocytic function and in local inflammatory response result in fibrotic cellular reaction and sequestration of parenchymal air collections, precluding their resorption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012788"}
{"pmid": "1012789", "title": "Colonic granulometry in the malabsorption syndromes.", "content": "Colonic granulometry in the malabsorption syndromes. After transit through the small intestine barium enters the large intestine and its characteristics in that gut segment can be studied. The pattern of distribution of barium in the colon is always altered in patients with malabsorption syndromes. The physical basis for this alteration is analysed in a manner analagous to that used in soil mechanics. The dispersal of barium granules within the liquid-solid content of the colon is related to certain factors among which is the polarisation and electrical potential of barium particles. A technique using four radiographs which permits evaluation of barium dispersal in the colon - colonic granulometry - is described. Lastly, the authors point out the necessity of classical barium studies in identifying the rare anatomical anomalies that can be the starting point of a typical clinical coeliac syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012789"}
{"pmid": "1012790", "title": "Pediatric abdominal angiography: practical guide to catheter selection, flow rates, and contrast dosage.", "content": "Pediatric abdominal angiography: practical guide to catheter selection, flow rates, and contrast dosage. Abdominal angiography is an extremely valuable modality for the diagnosis of abdominal disease in infants and children. A practical guide to catheter selection, flow rates, and contrast dosage for abdominal angiography in the pediatric patient is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012790"}
{"pmid": "1012791", "title": "Limb defects in the amniotic band syndrome.", "content": "Limb defects in the amniotic band syndrome. The clinical and radiological findings seen in three babies born with characteristic limb defects are presented. These defects are thought to be due to intrauterine amniotic constricting bands rather than an endogenous developmental defect in the foetus. The theory of formation of bands is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012791"}
{"pmid": "1012792", "title": "Roentgen findings in fractures of the vertebral column in childhood examination of 35 patients and its results.", "content": "Roentgen findings in fractures of the vertebral column in childhood examination of 35 patients and its results. In the past 10 years we examined 35 children with fractures of the spine. The most important cause was an injury by a fall from a tree or a climbing stage (23 cases). Traffic accidents or other direct trauma was the cause in 10 patients. Two children had tetanus, The ages of the children range from 2 to 12 years. Clinical symptoms may be diagnostic of vertebral trauma, but quite often symptoms are insignificant or atypical. We detected fractures in every vertebra of the thoracic and lumbar part of the spine. The greatest number of fractures was found between T4 and L2. The typical injury of the spine is a compression fracture of the vertebral body with a wedgeshaped deformity (111 vertebrae); fractures of the transverse processus of lumbar vertebrae were not frequent (10 vertebrae). Other parts of the vertebrae were not involved. The value of scintigraphy in case of doubtful roentgenologic finding is pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012792"}
{"pmid": "1012793", "title": "Drug inducted bone changes in myositis ossificans progressiva.", "content": "Drug inducted bone changes in myositis ossificans progressiva. Dermineralization and disorganized bone growth may result in children treated with diphosphonates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012793"}
{"pmid": "1012795", "title": "Intracranial calcification mimicking the Sturge-Weber syndrome: a consequence of cerebral folic acid deficiency?", "content": "Intracranial calcification mimicking the Sturge-Weber syndrome: a consequence of cerebral folic acid deficiency? Cerebral cortical calcification identical to that of the Sturge-Weber syndrome was observed in two children. In one child the calcification appeared after intrathecal administration of methotrexate and skull irradiation because of leukemia involving the central nervous system. In the other child, who had coeliac disease and epilepsy, the calcification appeared after treatment with anticonvulsants. This treatment was also contributing to the development of profound megaloblastic anemia. The unspecificity of the Sturge-Weber calcification is stressed and the hypothesis is put forward that the calcification may be secondary to folic acid deficiency interfering with the matabolism in the central nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012795"}
{"pmid": "1012794", "title": "Perforated appendix presenting with disproportionate jejunal distention.", "content": "Perforated appendix presenting with disproportionate jejunal distention. Six cases of perforated appendix are presented in whom there was disproportionate gas distention of the jejunum without other radiographic signs of appendicitis. This appearance tended to divert one's attention from the offending cause in the right lower abdomen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012794"}
{"pmid": "1012796", "title": "Single bone involvement in congenital syphilis.", "content": "Single bone involvement in congenital syphilis. A case of congenital lues with single bone involvement is reported. Such a presentation of this disease can cause problems in diagnosis. This aspect of the case is discussed and the literature on the subject reviewed. The uniqueness of this case is emphasized for only two other such cases have been reported in the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012796"}
{"pmid": "1012797", "title": "Total body opacification and the adrenal.", "content": "Total body opacification and the adrenal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012797"}
{"pmid": "1012798", "title": "Hypophosphatasia. Review of 24 cases.", "content": "Hypophosphatasia. Review of 24 cases. Radiographic analysis of 24 cases of hypophosphatasia (H) from 9 Paediatric Centres was performed. 3 cases were of neonatal (lethal), 18 cases of infantile (severe) and 3 cases of late (benign) type. Some of the patients were in reality borderline cases between these groups. In the authors' material all the patients showed radiographic signs of the disease. These were divided into diagnostic, characteristic and suggestive features. All of the patients had in common generalised (usually irregular) osteoporosis, generalised (usually irregular) metaphyseal changes, craniostenosis (13 of 18 infantile cases) or widened cranial sutures and ofter bowing of the long bones. Besides the well know radiographic features of hypophosphatasia some less well known, rare or 'new' ones such as, 1. spurs of the long bones (Bowdler sign), 2. distal femoral central metaphyseal defects and epiphyseal defects, 3. S-like deformities of the tibiae, 4. abnormal shape of the distal phalanges of the fingers, 5. multiple rib fractures and slender bones, 6. wedging of the lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae, 7. partial premature fusion of the epiphyses, 8. nephrocalcinosis, 9. loss of lamina dura around the teeth, 10. variation in radiographic appearances of a pair of siblings with lethal form, and, 11. rapid changes in roentgen appearances. are discussed. In two of our patients (siblings) phosphoethanolamine was undetectable in the urine. The authors doubt if a normal skeletal survey may be present at any stage in any of the three major types of hypophosphatasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012798"}
{"pmid": "1012799", "title": "Mediastinal teratoma confused with loculated pleural fluid.", "content": "Mediastinal teratoma confused with loculated pleural fluid. A 3-year-old child is presented with a benign anterior mediastinal teratoma that was primarily located inferior to the left lung and confused with pleural fluid. The lesion was not apparent at 4 months ofage. Computerized axial tomography of the specimen clearly established the diagnosis. This procedure may be of value in selected patients with apparent pleural disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012799"}
{"pmid": "1012800", "title": "Long survival in thanatophoric dwarfism.", "content": "Long survival in thanatophoric dwarfism. A case of thanatophoric dwarfism living for 10 weeks with minimal supportive care is presented. Although early death is usual, survival for months is compatible with the diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012800"}
{"pmid": "1012801", "title": "Angiographic assessment of anomalous origin of the left coronary from the pulmonary artery in infancy and childhood.", "content": "Angiographic assessment of anomalous origin of the left coronary from the pulmonary artery in infancy and childhood. Angiographic findings in five paediatric patients with anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery are presented. An attempt is made to provide an angiographic rationale of some aspects of the pathophysiology and electrocardiography in this condition, and the vital importance of angiography in selecting the appropriate surgical approach is underlined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012801"}
{"pmid": "1012802", "title": "Hodgkin's disease in children: involvement of lung and pleura.", "content": "Hodgkin's disease in children: involvement of lung and pleura. In 160 children with Hodgkin's disease, lung involvement was studied. In 14.4%, lung lesions were diagnosed at the first admission and an additional 7.5% of the patients developed lung lesions in the course of the disease. As a rule lung involvement was observed in advanced disease. It has been stated that there is no particular difference in the response to treatment in any particular type of lesion, spread either by contiguity of dissemination. Of all methods of treatment, combination chemotherapy (MOPP programme) showed the best results. In our series of children it was not possible to show any advantage to favour irradiation as against combination chemotherapy in the treatment of lung lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012802"}
{"pmid": "1012803", "title": "Choledochal cysts: a clinical and radiological evaluation of 21 cases.", "content": "Choledochal cysts: a clinical and radiological evaluation of 21 cases. Choledochal cysts are predominantly a disease of children, the majority of which are female. The classical symptoms usually form part of a triad of jaundice, abdominal pain and a mass. The radiological features may be non specific and specific. Our experience of 21 cases with particular emphasis on the specific features which outline the cyst are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012803"}
{"pmid": "1012804", "title": "Segmental renal hypoplasia in childhood.", "content": "Segmental renal hypoplasia in childhood. Radiological findings of segmental renal hypoplasia are reported, based on the observation of 6 children aged between 8 and 14. The leading clinical symptom is arterial hypertension. Urinary tract infection and proteinuria are additional common findings. Cases with bilateral disease often have renal failure. The intravenous urogram shows unilateral or bilateral small kidneys with segmental renal scarring and transverse lobulation. In the pathological areas the calyces are ectatic or clubbed and their infundibulum is elongated. Vesico-ureteral reflux is frequent. In angiography the lobulated segments appear hypovascular. Diagnosis was verified by histological examination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012804"}
{"pmid": "1012805", "title": "Urinary tract diseases in adolescence: a radiological and clinical view.", "content": "Urinary tract diseases in adolescence: a radiological and clinical view. A total of 2,003 adolescent in-patients aged 14-19 years were studied. Of these 801 (40 per cent) were found to have urinary tract disease. In 224 patients (28 per cent) a previously undetected urinary tract anomaly was diagnosed: this number including 59 per cent of girls and 41 per cent of boys. This is the first analysis showing such a high frequency of urinary tract anomalies in clinical and radiological investigations during the period of adolescence. Of particular importance are minor anomalies, in so far as these are responsible for disorders to the flow of urine. It is thought that urinary tract anomalies manifest themselves in adolescence because of increased stress and a different pattern of life, as compared with that in the preceding era of childhood. The present paper shows the cardinal importance of radiological examination and of the radiologist's role in evaluating the dynamics of the process and the prognosis of the disease and, in helping to assess the future potential for physical stress in either work or sport.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012805"}
{"pmid": "1012806", "title": "Hemihypertrophy in a boy with renal polycystic disease: varied patterns of presentation of renal polycystic disease in his family.", "content": "Hemihypertrophy in a boy with renal polycystic disease: varied patterns of presentation of renal polycystic disease in his family. Hemihypertrophy is a condition that has been described in association with a variety of other malformations and diseases; quite often these have had a renal origin. -It is the purpose of this paper to record and discuss the occurrence of polycystic disease in a family, to note that the disease was manifest as either the \"adult\" or the \"infantile\" form, and detail the fact that one member of the family who had infantile type polycystic disease also had hemihypertrophy. -The pattern of inheritance of renal polycystic disease, its age at presentation and the variation in the boy of its manifestation with the passage of time are discussed. The need for caution in offering a prognosis and genetic counselling is stressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012806"}
{"pmid": "1012855", "title": "Performance of psychopathic and non-psychopathic delinquent girls on the Kahn Test of Symbol Arrangement.", "content": "Performance of psychopathic and non-psychopathic delinquent girls on the Kahn Test of Symbol Arrangement. MMPI classification of 9 delinquent girls as psychopathic or not did not distinguish their KTSA performance as hypothesized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012855"}
{"pmid": "1012856", "title": "Analysis of superiority of the right visual field in bilateral tachistoscopic word-recognition.", "content": "Analysis of superiority of the right visual field in bilateral tachistoscopic word-recognition. McKeever and Huling questioned procedures in experiments on lateral differences in the recognition of horizontally oriented multi-letter stimuli, tachistoscopically exposed bilaterally. They effected three major changes in this method and found superior scores for material in the right than left visual field, a result in the opposite direction of prior findings. Ideas from directional scanning and cerebral dominance accounts of lateral asymmetries suggest that McKeever and Huling's methodological innovations produced their result. Directional scanning notions indicate that horizontal targets impede measures of differences in processing skills of the cerebral hemispheres. These obstacles can be overcome by exposing vertically oriented targets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012856"}
{"pmid": "1012857", "title": "Arousal and cognition: word arousal and visual search.", "content": "Arousal and cognition: word arousal and visual search. The influence of target-word affective properties on information processing time in a high speed visual-search task was studied. The 24 words were embedded in random-letter matrices, with one word per matrix. Subjects (5 male, 5 female) were tested. Words extreme on emotionality (positive vs negative affect) yielded significantly longer latencies than neutral words. The results were discussed in the light of related list-learning and problem-solving research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012857"}
{"pmid": "1012858", "title": "Judged attractiveness in recognition memory of women's faces.", "content": "Judged attractiveness in recognition memory of women's faces. A series of 35 3 1/2 X 2 1/2-in., full-face photographs of female undergraduates were used as stimuli. Each subject rated the randomly presented photographs into high, medium, and low attractiveness and 2 hr. later subjects recognized photographs they judged most and least attractive significantly better than the more \"neutral\" faces when all were mixed with 10 previously unused control stimuli. Arousal and \"distinctive cues\" were discussed as possible explanations for the improved memory associated with attractive and unattractive faces.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012858"}
{"pmid": "1012859", "title": "Behavioral analysis of clinical judgment.", "content": "Behavioral analysis of clinical judgment. Research on clinical judgment has produced conflicting information about effects of training on predictive accuracy, effects of the information available to the clinician, the correlates of accurate judgment, as well as the stability of such judgments. Such conflicting findings are largely related to lack of an adequate methodology. The present study examined the accuracy of judges making longitudinal clinical judgments with systematic increments in available information. Six judges, two non-experienced first-year graduate students in psychology, two medium-experienced practicum students, and two advanced interns, were asked to make discriminations between test protocols belonging to men convicted of first and second degree murder and men convicted of crimes against property. A discriminant function analysis classified 83% of these protocols accurately. Levels of information were increased in four phases. Most of the judges discriminated at a 50% accuracy level. No substantial increment in accuracy across phases was found. Judges of low accuracy discriminated best with the addition of the statistical findings. Daily judgments remained stable within the guessing range.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012859"}
{"pmid": "1012860", "title": "Cognitive style, hemispheric specialization, and tested abilities of transsexuals and nontranssexuals.", "content": "Cognitive style, hemispheric specialization, and tested abilities of transsexuals and nontranssexuals. Tests on which the 12 males and the 8 male transsexuals differed significantly and might be useful to clinicians for differentiation were the Embedded-figures Test, the Porteus Mazes, and the O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test. Sex differences emerged on the Embedded-figures Test and the first half of the dexterity test. There were no significant differences between 12 males and 14 females or males and 8 transsexuals on conjugate lateral eye movement, eye dominance, Digit Span, and Digit Symbol. Embedded-figures Test appears to tap some aspect of gender identity (males with female identities respond like females) while the first half of the O'Connor taps a biologically determined sex difference (males respond alike whether they have male or female identities).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012860"}
{"pmid": "1012861", "title": "Control of fingertip temperature increases via biofeedback in learning-disabled and normal children.", "content": "Control of fingertip temperature increases via biofeedback in learning-disabled and normal children. Although considerable research has been done with biofeedback in adults, little is known of its effect in children of different ages or those with learning disabilities. This study assessed the effects of thermal biofeedback in 60 children (40 boys, 20 girls) aged 7 to 9 yr. (Mage 8-6) half of whom were learning-disabled and half, normal children matched for age, sex, grade, race, socioeconomic status, and IQ. Training consisted on one 15-min. period daily for five days with three trials per period. Children (16 learning-disabled, 16 normals) received consistent reinforcement for digital temperature increases while 28 children (14 learning-disabled, 14 normals) received mixed reinforcement after Day 1, on which all children were consistently reinforced to yield a performance baseline. Feedback was provided by a variable intensity light and toy electric train. Learning was demonstrated only for the consistently reinforced group, which performed almost twice as well as those receiving mixed reinforcement. Learning-disabled children learned thermal control even better than normals, explained in terms of biofeedback reinforcing an internal steady state conducive to learning. Younger children did better than older children, and girls did somewhat better than boys. Post-training improvement in figure-ground discrimination and intersensory-integration was linked with performance and learning, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012861"}
{"pmid": "1012862", "title": "Sex-deviant handwriting and neuroticism.", "content": "Sex-deviant handwriting and neuroticism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012862"}
{"pmid": "1012863", "title": "Interrelationships of perceptual modality, short-term memory and reading achievement.", "content": "Interrelationships of perceptual modality, short-term memory and reading achievement. Visual and auditory components of short-term memory and perception were used as predictors of vocabulary and comprehension components of reading for 72 children from Grades 2 to 5 in a low socio-economic rural school. All six variables were significantly intercorrelated (with the exception of visual short-term memory and auditory perception). When canonical correlation analysis was applied using the four scores measuring short-term memory and perception as predictors of the two reading scores, one was significant, and each variable made a significant contribution. Not only are short-term memory and perception a part of learning to read but both visual and auditory channels are important.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012863"}
{"pmid": "1012864", "title": "Temporal patterns of drug use - a pilot study.", "content": "Temporal patterns of drug use - a pilot study. Examination of pilot data for classes of drugs showed significant coefficients of concordance for ranked times of most common to least common use. Marijuana, psychedelics, and amphetamines were used most commonly from 6 to 10 p.m., coincidental with temporal patterns for viewing television suggests recreational use. Use times for caffeine were completely different.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012864"}
{"pmid": "1012865", "title": "Multivariate comparison of Howes' and Weisenburg and McBride's models of aphasia on the neurosensory center comprehensive examination.", "content": "Multivariate comparison of Howes' and Weisenburg and McBride's models of aphasia on the neurosensory center comprehensive examination. The verbal production of 57 aphasic patients was rated and used to assign these patients into two sets of groups reflecting Howes' and Weisenburg and McBride's models of aphasia. Test scores covering a broad range of communication skills and modalities were compared between these groups to examine the assumption that salient features of verbal production could be used to establish groups which would show significant differences on other important linguistic variables. Neither Howes' nor Weisenburg and McBride's model provided groups showing significant multivariate differences. It was suggested that these models be improved by expanding them to include other important psycholinguistic components of language skills. Since these models did not account for significant between group differences, caution was suggested in using these models for assessment or treatment purposes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012865"}
{"pmid": "1012867", "title": "Validation of social self-esteem and an experimental index of delinquent behavior.", "content": "Validation of social self-esteem and an experimental index of delinquent behavior. 30 male adolescents were administered a checklist of their delinquent behavior and the measure of social self-esteem designed by Ziller, Hagey, Smith, and Long (1969). A Pearson correlation of --.26 was found between self-esteem and scores on the delinquent behavior checklist. At a later session 18 of the subjects were assigned a puzzle-solving task which served as a measure of cheating. A significant relation between cheating scores and self-reported delinquent behavior indicated that the puzzle-solving task may be useful for measuring level of delinquency in an experimental setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012867"}
{"pmid": "1012866", "title": "Interpersonal touch in high school relative to sex and race.", "content": "Interpersonal touch in high school relative to sex and race. Previous studies have indicated that interpersonal touch decreases from kindergarten through junior high. In the present study 1154 pairs of high school students were observed in school cafeteria queues. Instances of touch were recorded along with body parts used to touch and touched. High school students were observed to segregate themselves by race and sex as did the primary and junior high students in the earlier studies. Touch was not less probable than that observed in younger students. Cross-sex touch was not more frequent as had been predicted. Touch was highest among black students. An increase in aggressive touch seen in female junior high students was not observed in the present study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012866"}
{"pmid": "1012868", "title": "Relation of general activity in rats to environmental temperature.", "content": "Relation of general activity in rats to environmental temperature. The relation between ambient temperature and amount and pattern of wheel running was examined in four experiments, with a total of 88 adult male albino rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain, under conditions of 12-hr. light/12-hr. dark. While lowering of temperature from baseline of 21--25 degrees C to 4--7 degrees C most typically led to increased running, consistently reduced running characterized a substantial number of individuals, especially those with relatively high baseline scores. When comparison trials were run at 27 degrees C, reduced activity was recorded for virtually all subjects. As temperature was elevated above 27 degrees C, however, there was in most cases an upturn. At 34 degrees C, 24-hr. running scores tended to exceed baseline level for about half the animals, and running during the light 12 hr. of the day was above baseline for virtually all. Analysis of the temporal distribution suggests that the thermoregulatory reduction of activity, readily demonstrated at the moderately warm temperature, is complicated by efforts to escape as the environment becomes aversively hot. Failure of previous investigators to observe this is attributable in part to apparatus and recording differences. It is speculated that the pattern of response to extreme temperatures is closely related to the circadian fluctuation of internal temperature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012868"}
{"pmid": "1012869", "title": "Social reinforcement in block design performance by brain-damaged, emotionally disturbed, and non-disturbed retardates.", "content": "Social reinforcement in block design performance by brain-damaged, emotionally disturbed, and non-disturbed retardates. 48 retarded adults, equally divided by sex in three diagnostic categories (brain-damaged, nondamaged disturbed, and nondamaged-nondisturbed) were assigned to posttest reinforcement or control conditions on the basis of CA, IQ, and pretest performance on the Block Design. Reinforced subjects were praised for each individual correct block placement on the posttrest; control subjects repeated the test without reinforcement. Both brain-damaged and non-damaged-nondisturbed subjects showed accuracy gains under reinforcement, while nondamaged-disturbed subjects decreased in accuracy. Failure to replicate previous differential reinforcement effects with brain-damaged and nondamaged-nondisturbed subjects, and the discrepant reinforcement effect on nondamaged-disturbed subjects, did not support the use of reinforcement of performance on the Block Design test as an aid in detecting organic damage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012869"}
{"pmid": "1012870", "title": "Saccadic eye movements in the presence of acoustic feedback.", "content": "Saccadic eye movements in the presence of acoustic feedback.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012870"}
{"pmid": "1012871", "title": "Effects of ethanol and tobacco on time judgment.", "content": "Effects of ethanol and tobacco on time judgment. To determine the effects of the joint administration of tobacco and ethanol on short-interval time production and to search for differences between the ascending, the peak and the descending limb of the blood alcohol curve, two groups of 6 male subjects were tested on intervals of 1.5, 4.0 and 9.0 sec. Ethanol at 0.06% and 0.08% blood alcohol significantly lengthened the scores and one cigarette produced lower scores. The relationship between level of blood alcohol and time scores reversed in the latter part of the test session. The results are discussed in terms of effects of drugs on arousal systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012871"}
{"pmid": "1012872", "title": "Selected visual abilities of college football players.", "content": "Selected visual abilities of college football players. Relationships between visual abilities and athletic performance have been examined but reported findings are inconclusive and inconsistent. Data were collected from 40 volunteer college football players on horizontal peripheral vision, vertical peripheral vision, depth perception, and visual disembedding. No differences were found between varsity and junior varsity football players, indicating that relatively more successful players are not characterized by greater visual perception attributes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012872"}
{"pmid": "1012873", "title": "The construct validity of aniseikonic lens measures of anxiety.", "content": "The construct validity of aniseikonic lens measures of anxiety. The construct validity of aniseikonic lens measures of anxiety as a personality trait and of anxiety toward objects was examined in an experimental setting. No evidence of convergent construct validity was found for aniseikonic measures of anxiety as a personality trait. The validity of such measures as indices of anxiety toward objects was also questioned. The findings suggested that familiarity with the object viewed, rather than anxiety, may be the underlying dimension tapped by such measures of ability to perceive aniseikonic distortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012873"}
{"pmid": "1012874", "title": "Personality self-perceptions of male heart patients and their wives: issues of congruence and \"coronary personality\".", "content": "Personality self-perceptions of male heart patients and their wives: issues of congruence and \"coronary personality\". This study examines personality self-ratings of 283 married men who had recently experienced a first myocardial infarction and who previously had been free from major disease. Similar data were collected from their \"non-cardiac\" wives. Results indicated that several traits often identified as descriptive of \"coronary-prone\" personality had high mean ratings in both husband and wife populations. In addition, factor analysis revealed a similar pattern of factors in each group. However, inspection of correlations showed for individual items, men with so-called \"coronary-prone\" personality traits did not generally have wives with these traits. Husbands and wives tended to agree regarding each other's personality self-ratings. Implications of these husband-wife data are discussed in regard to questions on the role of \"coronary-prone\" personality in heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012874"}
{"pmid": "1012875", "title": "Effects of nursing apparel upon psychiatric inpatients' behavior.", "content": "Effects of nursing apparel upon psychiatric inpatients' behavior. To examine the effects of three modes of nursing attire on the behaviors, e.g., aggressive behavior, leaving the unit against medical advice, of psychiatric inpatients, nurses were clad in white uniforms for 6 wk., then in street clothes for 6 wk., optional dress for 6 wk., street clothes for 3 wk., white uniforms for 3 wk., and optional dress for 3 wk. Data from each mode were combined, yielding three experimental conditions. Results showed the greatest rates of maladaptive behaviors occurred during the white uniforms condition followed by the optional and street clothes conditions, respectively. An explanation of this outcome based upon patient's expectations was presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012875"}
{"pmid": "1012876", "title": "Assessment of conceptual deficits in brain-damaged and schizophrenic patients.", "content": "Assessment of conceptual deficits in brain-damaged and schizophrenic patients. Five concept-formation scores for 20 brain-damaged and 20 schizophrenic inpatients were factor analyzed, along with WAIS Vocabulary and Block Design. One factor emerged from this analysis, suggesting that these concept-formation tests do not measure an ability which is greatly different from general intelligence when administered to patients of the type studied. None of the single concept-formation scores discriminated between the brain-damaged and schizophrenic groups independently of general intellectual level, although an exploratory analysis of the subtests of the Halstead Category Test indicated that differential performance on Subtest IV versus Subtest V produced valid criterion variance beyond that attributable to Vocabulary and Block Design alone. The findings were discussed in terms both of the factors underlying the performance of the present subjects versus those from different patient populations, and the need for refining ability-oriented diagnostic strategies when studying impaired patients who do not manifest highly specific psychological deficits on standard clinical tests yielding single scores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012876"}
{"pmid": "1012877", "title": "Inhibitory effect of unilateral contraction on the contralateral arm.", "content": "Inhibitory effect of unilateral contraction on the contralateral arm. Electromyograms of the triceps and biceps brachii of both arms of 6 subjects were recorded in reaction trials to flashing stimulus. Rapid voluntary elbow extension was immediately preceded by a silent period of the unexercised contralateral agonist (contralateral agonist silent period). Since this silent period was not accompanied by a contralateral antagonist contraction, the contralateral agonist silent period was not attributable to reciprocal inhibition in the spinal levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012877"}
{"pmid": "1012878", "title": "Visual acuity at hyperbaric air pressure.", "content": "Visual acuity at hyperbaric air pressure. The visual acuity of five divers in a dry pressure chamber was measured with a Landolt C test. Only one of them showed a significant reduction at 7.0 atm. These results contrast sharply with open sea experiments, which show a considerable reduction at much lower pressures (Baddeley, 1968). It is suggested that besides stresses, luminance differences, also turbidity, as a function of depth may account for the discrepancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012878"}
{"pmid": "1012879", "title": "Treatment of insomnia through eidetic imagery: a new technique.", "content": "Treatment of insomnia through eidetic imagery: a new technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012879"}
{"pmid": "1012880", "title": "Retention of learned temperature changes during problem solving.", "content": "Retention of learned temperature changes during problem solving. In 2 studies (ns = 10, 9) college students were trained using biofeedback to lower or to raise finger temperature. Successful subjects were then asked to do distracting intellectual tasks, while simultaneously retaining the learned temperature changes. Results indicated that these changes could be maintained without detectable decreases in problem-solving efficiency in terms of either time or number of errors. These findings suggested that it might be possible for subjects to function efficiently outside the laboratory in their everyday activities while simultaneously exercising voluntary control over some autonomic processes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012880"}
{"pmid": "1012881", "title": "Extraordinary experiences during cross-modal perception.", "content": "Extraordinary experiences during cross-modal perception. 9 Ss were requested to perceive simultaneously the taste of beer and a rhythmic sound, the pitch of which could be varied. The frequencies at which Ss experienced harmony between the taste and the sound were determined. At the pitch of harmony Ss reported characteristic experiences, e.g., optimum taste of the beer, rhythmic sensations in the head, and tickling sensations in the jaws and the mouth. 3 Ss also reported experiences resembling those described by persons under the influence of such drugs as mescaline, psilocybin, LSD, and cannabis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012881"}
{"pmid": "1012882", "title": "Ear and hand dominance and their relationship with reading retardation.", "content": "Ear and hand dominance and their relationship with reading retardation. A dichotic listening task was used to compare the ear dominance of retarded readers and normal readers with clear right-limb preference. Younger (8.5 to 9.5 yr.) and older (10 to 11 yr.) groups were tested with two levels of task difficulty. Although right ear dominance was more apparent in the younger than in the older children, there was no difference associated with reading ability; nor was task difficulty differentially relevant. It was concluded that, at least for right-handers, reading retardation is unrelated to incomplete ear dominance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012882"}
{"pmid": "1012883", "title": "Reliability of the depression adjective check lists.", "content": "Reliability of the depression adjective check lists. Data from 172 college subjects (93 males and 79 females) with mean age = 24.3 yr. (SD, 7.0) were used to replicate and extend previous findings on the alternate form, split-half and test-retest reliability for Set 2 (Forms E, F, G) of the Depression Adjective Check Lists (Lubin, 1967). Findings are reported for complete lists and for the two columns, i.e., \"half lists.\"", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012883"}
{"pmid": "1012884", "title": "Differential correlates of Bender-Gestalt and Beery visual motor integration test for black and for white children.", "content": "Differential correlates of Bender-Gestalt and Beery visual motor integration test for black and for white children. The Bender-Gestalt and Beery Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration were administered to 58 black and 33 white children, aged 10-5, mean IQ of 81, of comparable socioeconomic class. WISC, Peabody, Raven Matrices, and Wide Range Achievement Test scores were correlated separately for each racial group. No test appeared to have unique value in helping alleviate possible racial differences in test performance, correlated with achievement test scores at levels exceeding correlation of the WISC with such scores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012884"}
{"pmid": "1012885", "title": "Field dependency and perceptual cues in perception of two trapezoid illusions.", "content": "Field dependency and perceptual cues in perception of two trapezoid illusions. 40 males and 40 females rated as field-independent or field-dependent on the Group Embedded-figures Test were tested on two dynamic trapezoid illusions and made position judgments of static trapezoidal targets. Field-independent subjects reported more illusory experiences on the perception of rotation of an oscillating target than the perception of oscillation of a rotating target. The opposite was true for field-dependent subjects. Position judgments were related to the latter illusion but not the former. There was strong evidence of a differential use of perceptual cues for the two dependent groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012885"}
{"pmid": "1012886", "title": "Nurses' perceptions of themselves, cancer nurses, typical, ideal and cancer patients.", "content": "Nurses' perceptions of themselves, cancer nurses, typical, ideal and cancer patients. The Activity Vector Analysis was administered to four independent samples of hospital staff nurses (40 working on surgical floors, 40 on medical floors, 10 cancer specialists, and 10 in an outpatient department) to investigate differences in how nurses perceived themselves versus the type of nurse who works best with cancer patients, as well as differences in the perceptions of typical hospital patients, ideal patients, and cancer patients. Highly congruent stereotype clusters for the perception of the typical patient and cancer patient were found along with two less congruent stereotype clusters of the ideal patient and a stereotype cluster of perceptions of the cancer nurse. Both typical patients and typical cancer patients were seen as significantly below average in terms of their potential for action and were perceived as exercising less foresight, planning ability, moral judgment, and ethical conduct than nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012886"}
{"pmid": "1012887", "title": "Sex differences in self-perceptions as students of excellence and academic performance.", "content": "Sex differences in self-perceptions as students of excellence and academic performance. Differences between the sexes in self-ratings on 37 characteristics of a quality student, changes in their perceptions over a semester, and academic performances were analyzed for 172 male and 281 females. The characteristics were collapsed into five groups reflecting learning in class, study habits and attitudes, peer relationships, student-instructor relationships, and physical and emotional needs. Trend analyses showed significant differences (a) between the sexes on three grouped characteristics: learning in class, study habits and attitudes, and peer relationships (with females reporting higher ratings), (b) among the three self-rating sessions(reflecting upward trends) on all grouped characteristics, and (c) on one interaction, student-instructor relationships. Analysis of variance showed that the females obtained significantly higher grades than did the males.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012887"}
{"pmid": "1012888", "title": "Attentiveness in behaviorally deviant and nondeviant children: I. Auditory vigilance performance.", "content": "Attentiveness in behaviorally deviant and nondeviant children: I. Auditory vigilance performance. The present study examined the vigilance performance of 16 behaviorally deviant and 16 nodeviant children and suggested that the vigilance paradigm might serve as a basis for a standardized test of continuous attention in children. The deviant and nondeviant children performed an auditory vigilance task administered on two separate occasions, 4 days apart. Performance during the first administration of the task deteriorated significantly for the deviant children as a function of time but not for the nondeviant ones. This finding was consistent with several prior clinical studies with children and suggested that the behaviorally deviant children were relatively less able to maintain a continuous level of attention. In addition, the vigilance procedure yielded relatively high test-retest reliability coefficients for both groups of children as well as performance which tended to vary as a function of chronological age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012888"}
{"pmid": "1012889", "title": "Relationships between introversion and perceptual accuracy.", "content": "Relationships between introversion and perceptual accuracy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012889"}
{"pmid": "1012890", "title": "Successive visual reversal learning in rats as a function of amount of training per reversal and reduced spatial cues.", "content": "Successive visual reversal learning in rats as a function of amount of training per reversal and reduced spatial cues. An experiment is reported which examined the effects of varying amounts of training per reversal over successive brightness discrimination reversals in rats, in a situation which reduced visual cues to spatial position. The results were similar to those of studies showing that amount of training affects successive reversal improvement on spatial problems but no differences were observed as a result of varying the cues for spatial position. The latter finding failed to confirm the result of a recent experiment in which a learning criterion was employed rather than a fixed-trials procedure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012890"}
{"pmid": "1012891", "title": "Effects of stimulus incongruity, task demand, and induced involvement on amplitude of GSR.", "content": "Effects of stimulus incongruity, task demand, and induced involvement on amplitude of GSR. Previous investigations into the arousing effects of incongruity have not only reported inconsistent findings but have displayed the limitation of using only two levels of incongruity. An experiment using four levels of incongruity confirmed the hypothesized positive linear function between incongruity and arousal (as measured by GSR amplitude). However, the results of two additional experiments confirmed the hypothesis that the marked arousing effects of incongruity were attributable at least in part to the demands of the task employed which included subjects having to choose and verbally commit themselves to one of the alternatives. The interaction between incongruity and degree of involvement engendered by the task demand suggests that involvement may facilitate the arousing effects of additional collative variables such as novelty, uncertainty, and complexity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012891"}
{"pmid": "1012892", "title": "An assessment of dance therapy to improve retarded adults' body image.", "content": "An assessment of dance therapy to improve retarded adults' body image.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012892"}
{"pmid": "1012893", "title": "Modifications and influences of tactual preferences for shape and texture.", "content": "Modifications and influences of tactual preferences for shape and texture. The effects of pretraining on tactual preferences for shape and texture and the effects of the preferences on discrimination learning were investigated in three experiments using kindergarten and third grade children. The pretraining experience significantly affected the dimensional preferences in both age groups, while an unexpected significant sex difference indicated a stronger texture preference in girls. Children tended to learn faster when the dimension they preferred was relevant to the task, but girls were affected more strongly than boys. In all experiments, the girls' behavior closely resembled that predicted for younger children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012893"}
{"pmid": "1012894", "title": "Changes in peer verbalizations accompanying individual and group contingencies to modify on-task behavior.", "content": "Changes in peer verbalizations accompanying individual and group contingencies to modify on-task behavior. Group and individual contingency arrangements were alternately applied to modify the on-task performance of 5 behavior-disordered children. Concurrent records were maintained regarding the children's task-relevant (facilitating) and non-task-relevant (inhibiting) verbalizations to peers. Both contingency arrangements were effective for controlling the children's on-task behavior while only the group contingency was associated with changes in their verbalizations. Specifically, the group contingency, as compared to the baseline and the individual contingency, was accompanied by a significant increase in facilitating verbalizations by peers. Moreover, the group contingency, in relation to the baseline but not the individual contingency, resulted in significantly fewer inhibiting verbalizations. The individual contingency did not affect either facilitating or inhibiting verbalizations of peers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012894"}
{"pmid": "1012895", "title": "Lateral eye movements, hypnotic susceptibility and field independence-dependence.", "content": "Lateral eye movements, hypnotic susceptibility and field independence-dependence. Previous research indicates that lateral eye movements are associated with hemispheric activity in the brain. In the present study involving 48 female subjects, \"left-gazing\" (right-hemispheric activity) was positively related to field-dependence, as measured by the Embedded Figures Test and the Stroop test, and also to hypnotic susceptibility. It was concluded that field-dependence and hypnotic susceptibility are both mediated by processes associated with right-hemispheric activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012895"}
{"pmid": "1012896", "title": "Competitive trait anxiety, success-failure and sex as determinants of motor performance.", "content": "Competitive trait anxiety, success-failure and sex as determinants of motor performance. Two experiments determined the effects of competitive trait anxiety, success-failure, and sex on the performance of 10- to 12 yr.-old children competing on a complex motor maze. Competitive trait anxiety was assessed by the Sport Competition Anxiety Test and success-failure was induced by giving bogus win-loss feedback. High and low competitive trait-anxiety children were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: winning 80%, 50% or 20% of 20 contests. The average completion time and the variability of times within each of two blocks of 10 contests were the two performance measures. State-anxiety was assessed with Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory for Children as an indicant of arousal prior to and during competition. The findings of Exp. 1 yielded no significant performance differences. In Exp. 2 a significant interaction of competitive trait anxiety X success-failure X sex for performance time and variability was obtained. This interaction was largely attributed to sex differences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012896"}
{"pmid": "1012897", "title": "Relationship of need achievement to self-esteem: evidence for validity of Form B of Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory.", "content": "Relationship of need achievement to self-esteem: evidence for validity of Form B of Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory. Self-esteem scores, as measured by the recently developed short form of Coopersmith's Self-esteem Inventory (Self-esteem Institute 1974), were correlated with need achievement scores, as measured by Gough and Heilbrun's (1965) Adjective Check List. Self-esteem and need achievement were significantly related for male (N = 172) and female (N = 85) university students (p less than .001 and p less than .03, respectively). This finding was interpreted as providing a measure of concurrent validity for the short form of Coopersmith's Inventory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012897"}
{"pmid": "1012898", "title": "Problems encountered in development of instrumentation to measure figure-ground perception among young children.", "content": "Problems encountered in development of instrumentation to measure figure-ground perception among young children. The purpose of this study was to report problems encountered in the measurement of visual figure-ground perception. Conclusions from five related studies suggested that the skill may be a combination of related factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012898"}
{"pmid": "1012899", "title": "Experience and latency to achieve stereopsis.", "content": "Experience and latency to achieve stereopsis. This study assessed perceptual learning effects with complex random-dot stereograms. Observers were shown the same complex anaglyph five times daily, for four consecutive days, and latencies to achieve stereopsis were recorded. Two-factor repeated-measures analysis of variance yielded significant effects of days, trials, and days-by-trials interaction. Latency to achieve stereopsis decreases over trials each day, but this decrease is not completely transferred across days. It is concluded that obervers must, in some sense, \"re-learn\" how to perceive complex stereograms if subsequent presentations occur over more than one day.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012899"}
{"pmid": "1012900", "title": "On scaling of future time.", "content": "On scaling of future time. Five future points of time (range: 1977 to 2034), described in terms of either (A) year number, or (B) \"after N years,\" were scaled using two different types of scaling method. Subjective temporal distance was in each case a power function of chronological time, the exponent being consistently lower in Condition A than in B. A corresponding difference was found when subjects rated how threatening they experienced each of three events to be when the events were assumed to take place at the five alternative points of time. Experienced threat decreased exponentially with increasing temporal distance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012900"}
{"pmid": "1012901", "title": "Social relatedness and perceptual performance among the aged.", "content": "Social relatedness and perceptual performance among the aged. The author investigated whether the ability to shift mental sets as defined by Goldstein and Scheerer (1941) and measured by the ability to detect sequence changes in a film, is associated with the degree of social relatedness that older people have with society. 76 subjects, 16 men and 60 women, aged 60 to 88 yr., were administered a questionnaire whose items were designed to measure social, personality and demographic variables. The subjects were also participants in a perceptual task. The trend of the findings suggests a relationship between efficiency of psychological functioning on a perceptual task and degree of interpersonal relatedness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012901"}
{"pmid": "1012902", "title": "Neural efficiency analyzer scores of reading disabled, normally reading and academically superior children.", "content": "Neural efficiency analyzer scores of reading disabled, normally reading and academically superior children. Usefulness, under field-testing conditions, of one version of a Neural Efficiency Analygated. The equipment was said to measure efficiency of information processing as reflected in time between alternate EEG falling zero-crossing points. Special emphasis was placed on the difference score, a measure of right-left hemisphere \"efficiency\" differences. Contrary to earlier reports, no significant differences were found between such scores of groups of reading disabled, normally reading, and academically superior children. Possible reasons for the negative findings are explored.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012902"}
{"pmid": "1012903", "title": "Similarity between complexity on Role Construct Repertory Technique and articulation on Draw-A-Person test for patients and non-patients.", "content": "Similarity between complexity on Role Construct Repertory Technique and articulation on Draw-A-Person test for patients and non-patients. In an investigation of the underlying unity of the articulation of human figure drawings and personal construct complexity, moderate correlations were found, but in opposite directions, for inpatient and non-patient groups. For inpatients, greater construct complexity was associated with less sophisticated drawings. For non-patients, greater construct complexity was correlated with more sophisticated human figures. Mean and range differences in complexity and articulation scores between the two groups suggested that the higher complexity scores of the patient group indicated a loss of construct coordination, rather than greater articulation and organization of self and interpersonal experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012903"}
{"pmid": "1012904", "title": "Performance of retardates on the Stroop Color-Word Test.", "content": "Performance of retardates on the Stroop Color-Word Test. Institutionalized retardates were examined on a special format of a task requiring them to name the colors of 36 color patches and to name the color of the ink in which 36 incongruent color words were printed on separate cards. Mean reaction time for the incongruent condition was significantly longer than that for the color patches and the difference was independent of fatigue and stimulus size. The color-word interference effect previously reported with normal populations when given the Stroop test was demonstrated for this retarded sample using a special format.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012904"}
{"pmid": "1012905", "title": "Glance, look, gaze, and stare: a vocabulary for eye-fixation research.", "content": "Glance, look, gaze, and stare: a vocabulary for eye-fixation research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012905"}
{"pmid": "1012906", "title": "Effects of verbal and pictorial materials on retarded youngsters' memory for information.", "content": "Effects of verbal and pictorial materials on retarded youngsters' memory for information. The effects of full and partial verbalization of information contained in pictures and of full verbalization without pictures on retarded youngsters' memory for information were examined. The subjects were 30 educable retardates and 30 normal controls. The results indicated that facilitation of recall for 13- to 15-yr.-old mentally retarded youngsters will occur with the use of pictures only if the aspects of the picture which are to be remembered are verbalized. The relevance of the findings for high-interest low-vocabulary textbooks for the retarded were discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012906"}
{"pmid": "1012907", "title": "Matching forms as a function of complexity, type of match, and retention interval.", "content": "Matching forms as a function of complexity, type of match, and retention interval. The present experiment tested the hypothesis that nominal processing increases as stimulus complexity increases. Subjects indicated whether two 4- or 12-sided forms, separated by an interval of .5 or 4.0 sec., were the same or different. \"Same\" responses corresponded to matches for physical or nominal identity. Longer RTs for high complexity than low complexity forms suggest that complexity affects the efficiency of visual processing rather than the occurrence of nominal processing. An interaction between type of match and interval, due to the longer RTs for matches of nominally identical forms at only the .5-sec. interval, indicates that at this interval, matches for physical and nominal identity are made with visual and nominal representations respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012907"}
{"pmid": "1012908", "title": "Hand Test characteristics of marijuana-experienced and multiple-drug-using college students.", "content": "Hand Test characteristics of marijuana-experienced and multiple-drug-using college students. Three matched groups of 30 college student (17 males, 13 females) categorized as marijuana users, multiple-drug users, and complete abstainers were compared across 24 Hand Test scores. Both drug-using groups were characterized by significantly lower scores on Acquisition, Active, and Environmental responses. Results were interpreted as supporting the amotivational hypothesis that drug-users display a lessened interest in environmental accomplishment. The marijuana group also proved to be slightly higher on the Exhibition score.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012908"}
{"pmid": "1012909", "title": "Influence of auditory, visual, and audio-visual stimulus presentation methods on estimates of transition probability in speech.", "content": "Influence of auditory, visual, and audio-visual stimulus presentation methods on estimates of transition probability in speech. Estimates of transition probability derived from auditory, visual, and audio-visual presentations of stimulus material (40 simple conversational sentences) were compared for 3 groups of 100 college students and found to be highly correlated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012909"}
{"pmid": "1012910", "title": "Effects of intermittency of feedback on a compensatory tracking task.", "content": "Effects of intermittency of feedback on a compensatory tracking task. Target intermittence in tracking has been studied as frequency of target presentation at various time intervals. Task efficiency increased as a function of increased frequency of target display in open-loop tracking tasks, where the steady state of presentation resulted in the best performance. The present study examined effects of feedback intermittency in compensatory tracking as a major source of disruption of the motor-sensory feedback process in the closed-loop tracking system. Feedback intermittency is defined as the feedback of momentary sampling of the difference between target movements and the operator's control motion for specified time lengths before being displayed to him in a continuous tracking task. With a random wave pattern of 9.76 cpm, 7 magnitudes of 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.5 sec. were used to represent various levels of feedback intermittency. Task efficiency decreased as a function of increased magnitudes of intermittency. Results are discussed relative to the difference between target intermittence and feedback intermittency and their effects on different tracking tasks. The findings also establish the concept of feedback intermittency as a disturbing factor in compensatory tracking in degrading the operator's performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012910"}
{"pmid": "1012911", "title": "Appropriateness of the motor-free visual perception test when used with the trainable mentally retarded.", "content": "Appropriateness of the motor-free visual perception test when used with the trainable mentally retarded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012911"}
{"pmid": "1012912", "title": "The occurrence of feline infectious peritonitis in Denmark.", "content": "The occurrence of feline infectious peritonitis in Denmark. The clinical and pathologic findings in a case of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) in a 1-year-old male cat are described. The cat had been sick for about 3 weeks and presented itself clinically with depression, anorexia, dehydration, mild icterus and acites and a temperature of 39.5 degrees C. The sedimentation rate was elevated to 80 mm/30 min. An exploratory laparotomy was performed and ascitic fluid, found to be bacteriologically sterile, was collected. Pathologically, lesions involved both abdominal and thoracic serious membranes and viscera, especially the liver. They ranged from acute, focal necrosis or fibrino-necrotic changes to proliferative inflammation mainly characterized by infiltration with mononuclear cells. An identical disease was produced experimentally by intraperitoneal inoculation of ascitic fluid from the clinical case into 2 healthy cats. This is the first published report of the occurrence of FIP in Scandinavia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012912"}
{"pmid": "1012913", "title": "Milk somatic cells in dairy cows kept on pasture or confined indoors during the summer.", "content": "Milk somatic cells in dairy cows kept on pasture or confined indoors during the summer. During the summer of 1975 (from June 30th to July 28th) weekly milk samples were obtained from 49 cows kept on pasture during the daytime, and from 48 cows which were confined indoors in stanchion barns and fed grass twice a day. The cows on pasture were exposed to relatively moderate temperatures, which were somewhat lower than for the indoor group (Table I). In the cows kept on pasture, an increase in the milk somatic cell content (MSCC) was observed throughout the experimental period, whereas no corresponding increase was recorded in the indoor group (Table III). This increase in MSCC appeared to occur primarily in non-infected quarters (Table IV). The data from the present investigation seem to indicate that the seasonal increase in MSCC during the summer, which has been reported by several other investigators, cannot be directly related to environmental temperature per se.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012913"}
{"pmid": "1012914", "title": "Oxytetracycline residues in meat and kidney tissue after intramuscular or intramammary treatment as determined by a chemical-physical method and compared to a microbiological method.", "content": "Oxytetracycline residues in meat and kidney tissue after intramuscular or intramammary treatment as determined by a chemical-physical method and compared to a microbiological method. Two adult cows and three calves were treated intramuscularly with an oxytetracycline (OTC) preparation. The dose was about 5 mg/kg. The animals were slaughtered eight days after the treatment and their kidneys and muscle samples were taken for analysis. Twelve cows were treated intramammarily with an OTC preparation 12 hours before slaughter. Six of the cows were treated in two udder quarters with a preparation containing 200 mg OTC chloride per dose; the other six were similarly treated in four quarters with four doses. When the kidneys of all the animals were studied for the presence of inhibitory substances using the official Finnish microbiological meat inspection method, all were found negative. The OTC concentration of the different tissue samples was determined by a chemical-physical method, based on thin-layer chromatography and on the UV-fluorescence of OTC. The muscle samples of the cows given OTC i.m. were negative except near the site of injection, where the concentrations were 4 mg and less than 0.5 mg (traces) per kg. The corresponding kidney concentrations of OTC were less than 0.5 and about 0.5 mg per kg respectively. All except one kidney sample of the calves given OTC i.m. were found to be negative. Traces of OTC (less than 0.5 mg/kg) were found in all but one kidney sample of the cows treated intramammarily with OTC. Traces of OTC were found in two muscle samples of the cows treated intramammarily with 2 X 200 mg OTC and in two muscle samples of the cows similarly treated with 4 X 200 mg OTC. All the other samples were negative. The authors stress the need for a change in the present Finnish directives on the use of antibiotics in food animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012914"}
{"pmid": "1012915", "title": "The occurrence of cyanide in certain smoked meat products.", "content": "The occurrence of cyanide in certain smoked meat products. Fifteen samples of smoked reindeer meat, two samples of smoked mutton from Iceland and five samples of smoked salamitype fermented sausage were analysed for their cyanide (CN) content by a steam distillation method. The mean cyanide content of the smoked reindeer meat was found to be 1.38 +/- 1.01 mg CH/kg, range 0.27--4.27 mg/kg. The two smoked mutton samples, contained 1.93 and 1.78 mg CN/kg and the mean cyanide content of the five Salami samples was found to be 0.19 +/- 0.13 mg CH/kg, range 0.06--0.40 mg/kg. The toxicological aspects of the findings are discussed, with special reference to the possible effects of nitrate and nitrite in the products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012915"}
{"pmid": "1012919", "title": "Dose distribution of 123I in the thyroid gland and its maximum permissible concentrations.", "content": "Dose distribution of 123I in the thyroid gland and its maximum permissible concentrations. The calculation of the dose distribution in the thyroid tissues and of the maximum permissible concentrations in the air and in drinking water was carried out for 123I. In fact because of the recent use of this radionuclide in radioisotopic diagnostics the dose to both the patients' and operators' thyroids due to 123I must to be known. In order to obtain a correct estimate it is necessary, however, to consider the distribution of the radionuclide in the thyroid tissue and the changes in this distribution depending on the dimensions of the follicles. Taking into account the dose at the follicular cell-colloid interface, the maximum permissible concentrations in the air and in drinking water were calculated as being 6 x 10-8 muCi/cm3 and 4 x 10-4 muCi/cm3 respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012919"}
{"pmid": "1012920", "title": "Some comparative studies using 99mTc and 131I in thyroid scanning.", "content": "Some comparative studies using 99mTc and 131I in thyroid scanning. By comparing thyroid scans made with 99mTc and 131I in 40 euthyroid goiter patients large discrepancies were found in 20% of all cases. For example, \"warm\" nodules on 99mTc scans were found to be \"cold\" on 131I scans, or a \"cold\" nodule on a 99mTc scan was observed as a \"warm\" one on a 131I scan. The above discrepancies seem to result from the differences in the metabolism of the two radioisotopes in the thyroid and those in the time which elapsed between the administration of the radioisotope and the execution of the scan. Generally speaking 99mTc thyroid scintigraphy should not be recommended as a routine technique in adults, its usefulness being limited to the cases in which 131I scans were found to be illegible. \"Cold\" nodules on 99mTc scans should also be reexamined after T3 stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012920"}
{"pmid": "1012922", "title": "99mTechnetium-unithiol complex, a new pharmaceutical for kidney scintigraphy.", "content": "99mTechnetium-unithiol complex, a new pharmaceutical for kidney scintigraphy. The investigations were carried out with a newly synthesised, original 99mTc-Unithiol complex (Unithiol-2,3-dimercaptopropansulphonate). It accumulates in the kidneys and enables their scintigraphic examination at 90--180 minutes after the administration. The study was performed on rats, rabbits and dogs. 99mTc-Unithiol complex accumulation in rat kidneys was 34,9%, 44,5% and 67,8% of dose after 1, 2 and 3 h respectively. Good reability of the scintigraphic picture of the kidneys in rabbits and dogs confirms the accumulative capability of the complex in these organs. It was found by means of ascending paper chromatography that the purity of the 99mTc-Unithiol complex exceeded 90%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012922"}
{"pmid": "1012924", "title": "Comparison of 99mTc-labelled hepatobiliary agents-- 99mTc-pyridoxylidene glutamate (99mTc-PG) and 99mTc-Sn-lidocaine iminodiacetic acid (99mTc-Sn-LIDA).", "content": "Comparison of 99mTc-labelled hepatobiliary agents-- 99mTc-pyridoxylidene glutamate (99mTc-PG) and 99mTc-Sn-lidocaine iminodiacetic acid (99mTc-Sn-LIDA). The time-course of excretion of two hepatobiliary radiopharmaceuticals, 99mTc-pyridoxylidene glutamate (99mTc-PG) and 99mTc-Sn-lidocaine iminodiacetic acid (99mTc-Sn-LIDA), from the circulatorysystem to the parenchymal structures, and into the biliary duct and gastrointestinal tract in the same normal human subjects has been studied. The initial blood clearance is faster with 99mTc-Sn-LIDA whereas the initial excretion form the gallbladder to the gut is a little faster with 99mTc-PG. Kidney uptake is seen with both the radiopharmaceuticals, and is a little more with 99mTc-PG.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012924"}
{"pmid": "1012925", "title": "Lung uptake of colloid during liver-spleen scanning: a normal finding in children.", "content": "Lung uptake of colloid during liver-spleen scanning: a normal finding in children. Sixteen (44%) of 36 normal children were observed to have faint lung uptake during liver-spleen scanning with 99mTc sulfur colloid from a commercially available kit. Visible radioactivity in the lungs of children during liver-spleen scanning should not be considered an abnormal finding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012925"}
{"pmid": "1012926", "title": "Adrenal scintigraphy with 131-I-adosterol.", "content": "Adrenal scintigraphy with 131-I-adosterol. A new adrenal scanning agent, Adosterol (131I-6beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholest-5(10)-en-3beta-ol) has been evaluated in three female patients with hypercorticism. In one case, characterised by recurrent adrenocortical hyperactivity after bilateral adrenalectomy, a remnant of adrenal tissue was detected. In two other cases, the presence of an adrenal tumour could be excluded. The scan made on the 6th day after the administration of Adosterol was found to be superior in quality to that made on the 13th day.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012926"}
{"pmid": "1012927", "title": "On the accumulation of 57Co by pancreas.", "content": "On the accumulation of 57Co by pancreas. The in vivo distribution of various 57Co-labelled compounds has been studied. 57Co-citrate is concentrated by pancreas and when injected together with ferric citrate the pancreas uptake is increased while it decreases in liver and kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012927"}
{"pmid": "1012928", "title": "Biological behavior of thiamine monophosphate and thiamine pyrophosphate labeled with technetium-99m.", "content": "Biological behavior of thiamine monophosphate and thiamine pyrophosphate labeled with technetium-99m.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012928"}
{"pmid": "1012929", "title": "Effects of enzymatic treatment on radioactivity accumulation by tumors.", "content": "Effects of enzymatic treatment on radioactivity accumulation by tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012929"}
{"pmid": "1012939", "title": "Critical-point drying and gold sputtering as applied to scanning electron microscopy of human reproductive tissues.", "content": "Critical-point drying and gold sputtering as applied to scanning electron microscopy of human reproductive tissues. Improved techniques have been developed for washing, pinning, fixation, dehydration and critical-point drying of tissues of female and male reproductive tracts, gametes, for viewing by scanning electron microscopy. The sputtering method, performed by an ion gun, is applied to shadow and produce a thin film of gold. Technical details and metal coating are noted which are suitable to improve images of surface ultrastructure of cilia and microvilli. Studies using scanning electron microscopy, histological and histochemical techniques, and cinematography are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012939"}
{"pmid": "1012941", "title": "Lamellated osmiophilic bodies in mouse gallbladder epithelium.", "content": "Lamellated osmiophilic bodies in mouse gallbladder epithelium. Mouse gallbladder epithelium was studied in the electron microscope after glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide fixation and Epon embedding. Special attention was paid to dense cytoplasmic bodies. Heterogeneous dense bodies with osmiophilic and loose granular components were identified. Many of these bodies consisted of lamellated osmiophilic structures, similar to the phospholipid bodies of the large alveolar (type II) cells of the mammalian lung. The dense bodies containing the lamellar structures were membrane-limited and 0.5-1.0 mum in diameter. They were located in the supranuclear cytoplasma and were often closely associated with the Golgi apparatus. Acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated within these bodies and in some of the Golgi vacuoles. The contents were disposed in concentric lamellar osmiophilic structures, sometimes appearing as scroll-like configurations. These morphological findings were interpreted as indication of these presence of phosphlipid absorbed from the gallbladder lumen and stored in phagosomes in the central cytoplasm of the gallbladder epithelial cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012941"}
{"pmid": "1012942", "title": "Fluorescence histochemical study of Aurbach's plexus of the ileum of 6-hydroxydopamine-treated guinea pig.", "content": "Fluorescence histochemical study of Aurbach's plexus of the ileum of 6-hydroxydopamine-treated guinea pig. In the present investigation the action of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) on Auerbach's plexus of the ileum of the guinea pig has been studied with Falck and Hillarp's histochemical technique. A singel dose of 15-25 mg/kg of 6-OHDA causes degeneration of some of the adrenergic nerve fibres after 6 h of treatment. 200-250 mg/kg of 6-OHDA is responsible for the total disappearance of nerve fibres in the ganglia and internodal strands within 24 h. 6 h after 100 mg/kg of 6-OHDA treatment, the intervaricose fibres have mostly disappeared and a few nerve fibres are swollen. The pre-terminal fibres are not much affected. After 24 and 48 h of 100 mg/kg treatment with 6-OHDA, most of the varicose and non-varicose fibres have disappeared and very few fibres are left, these having become intensely fluorescent and much swollen, probably due to the accumulation of storage granules transported to this site by axoplasmic flow. After 6-8 days of treatment with 6-OHDA all the fluorescen fibres and cell bodies have disappeared. A few faintly fluorescent green and yellow cell bodies could also be observed; however, their chemical nature could not be determined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012942"}
{"pmid": "1012943", "title": "Enzyme histochemistry of rat interfascicular oligodendroglia, with special reference to 5'-nucleotidase.", "content": "Enzyme histochemistry of rat interfascicular oligodendroglia, with special reference to 5'-nucleotidase. The interfascicular oligodendroglia of the rat striatum nucleus is studied in control animals and under experimentally induced brain edemas. Enzyme histochemical studies were performed. Normal oligodendrocytes show two different enzymatic distributions. While Mg2+-ATPase, TPPase, TPPase, adenylate cyclase and SDH are shown to be situated at the cell bodies and some proximal processes, 5'-nucleotidase reaction is seen at the cell fine distal processes. In spite of its trong activity in oligodendroglial endings the latter enzyme is not seen at the myelin sheath. This sheath and the interfascicular cells being intimately related, 5'-nucleotidase appears to be important not only during myelination, as almost all authors emphasize, but also in the adult myelin metabolism. Experimental brain edema shows some changes in the interfasicular oligodendroglia enzymatic activites for 5'-nucleotidase, Mg2+-ATPase and adenylate cyclase. A progressive disappearance of the former enzyme is observed. These features and those of derived from local ionic alterations may be concerned with the special susceptibility of white matter for some types of brain swellings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012943"}
{"pmid": "1012944", "title": "Effects of intense exercise on intracellular glycogen and fat in pigeon pectoralis.", "content": "Effects of intense exercise on intracellular glycogen and fat in pigeon pectoralis. The pigeon pectoralis muscle was electrically stimulated in vivo at a high intensity of 25 V and the intracellular glycogen and fat reserves of the muscle examined histochemically to determine the pattern of substrate utilization in the component broad white and narrow red fibre types during the intense flight-simulated exercise. 4 h of continuous stimulation resulted in the depletion of intracellular glycogen from both fibre types and a simultaneous reduction in the intracellular fat stores of the red fibres. While glycogen provides the only source of energy for the white fibres, glycogen as well as fat serves as fuel for the red fibres. It is postulated that, though fat is the major fuel for the red fibres, their glycogen reserves are utilized to ensure a steady supply of oxaloacetate essential in the oxidation of fatty acids via the Krebs cycle, and that fatty acid catabolism helps to maintain gluconeogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012944"}
{"pmid": "1012947", "title": "Electron-microscopic identification of amoeboid microglia in the spinal cord of newborn rats.", "content": "Electron-microscopic identification of amoeboid microglia in the spinal cord of newborn rats. Electron-microscopic studies in the spinal cord of neonatal rats show, though rarely, the existence of amoeboid microglial cells. The cells are distributed singly and are found only in the spinal grey matter. They are characterized by having a round, prominent nucleus with peripheral chromatin clumps. The cytoplasm is endowed with a well-developed Golgi complex, and isolated profiles of rough endoplasmic reticulum. One striking feature of the cytoplasm is the presence of abundant lysosome-like granules. The cytoplasm, which is of moderate density, may be vacuolated. The surface of the cells often sends out pseudopodium-like processes. These, together with the presence of occasional phagosomes, indicate that the amoeboid cells are phagocytic. Thus, it is possible to generalize from the present and earlier findings that amoeboid microglial cells are normal cellular constituents in the maturing central nervous system and their temporary existence in the neonatal stage indicates the necessity of these cells for subsequent maturation of the nervous tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012947"}
{"pmid": "1012948", "title": "Morphological, histochemical, autoradiographic and topographical evidences of the origin of the Langerhans' cell from the melanocyte in the skin of the guinea pig.", "content": "Morphological, histochemical, autoradiographic and topographical evidences of the origin of the Langerhans' cell from the melanocyte in the skin of the guinea pig. The microscopic anatomy of the nucleus, Golgi substance, mitochondria, etc. of type 1, 2, 3 and 4 albino melanocytes, type 01 and 011 albino intermediate cells of Billingham and Medawar and type I, II, III and IV albino Langerhans' cells of the albino guinea pig, is presented in detail. The study has demonstrated that the albino melanocytes degenerate through sequential stages of intermediate cells of Billingham and Medawar, type I, II and III Langerhans' cells to ultimately from type IV Langerhans' cells. It has been shown that all the dendritic cells of the epidermis belonged to one class of cells. Autoradiographic techniques have shown that type 3 and type 4 melanocytes, respectively, bearing 6 and 5 round-tipped dendritic processes, divide by mitosis to form two daughter cells. One of these two daughter forms the intermediate cell of Billingham and Medawar. This cell, while transforming sequentially into type I, II, III and IV Langerhans' cells, moves up through the Malpighian and granular layers of cells, to the stratum corneum. This type IV Langerhans' cell is ultimately extruded out of the stratum corneum by exfoliation. The other daughter melanocyte remains at its place in the sub-basal zone to function as a mature melanocyte. The time for the passage of the daughter melanocyte to travel from the sub-basal zone to the stratum corneum layer was found to be 15 days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012948"}
{"pmid": "1012957", "title": "The community psychiatric nurse.", "content": "The community psychiatric nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012957"}
{"pmid": "1012954", "title": "Quandary-3. Problems of conscience.", "content": "Quandary-3. Problems of conscience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012954"}
{"pmid": "1012950", "title": "A reason to worry.", "content": "A reason to worry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012950"}
{"pmid": "1012952", "title": "Whooping cough.", "content": "Whooping cough.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012952"}
{"pmid": "1012956", "title": "Alcohol and the brain.", "content": "Alcohol and the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012956"}
{"pmid": "1012955", "title": "The case of a Christmas Carol.", "content": "The case of a Christmas Carol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012955"}
{"pmid": "1012951", "title": "A move ahead.", "content": "A move ahead.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012951"}
{"pmid": "1012949", "title": "The King's Liver Unit-2.", "content": "The King's Liver Unit-2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012949"}
{"pmid": "1012953", "title": "Nursing care study: total dysphagia due to mild tetanus.", "content": "Nursing care study: total dysphagia due to mild tetanus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012953"}
{"pmid": "1012958", "title": "The intangible line.", "content": "The intangible line.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012958"}
{"pmid": "1012970", "title": "Effect of ethanol on subcellular metal distribution in rat liver.", "content": "Effect of ethanol on subcellular metal distribution in rat liver. The effect of ethanol on the subcellular distribution of Mn, Cu, Zn, Mg and Cr in rat liver has been investigated. Significant changes in Mg, Zn and Mn distribution have been observed. No change in the microsomal Mn, Cu, Zn, Mg and Cr content has been found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012970"}
{"pmid": "1012971", "title": "The antitumor activity of certain substituted nucleosides.", "content": "The antitumor activity of certain substituted nucleosides. Tests were made of the antitumor activity against lymphoid leukemic L 5178 Y cells in vitro, as exhibited by the following compounds: 2'-O-methyl-araC, 5'-0-methyl-araC, N4,2'-O-dimethyl-araC, N4-methyl-araC, 2,2'-anhydro-5'-O-methyl-araC, N4-methyl-2,2'-anhydro-araC, 4-thio-2,2'-anhydro-araU and 5-amino-araU being a new analogue or araC. The synthesis of the latter compound is described. The activity of 5-amino-araU was tested also in vivo against L 1210 mouse leukemia. O'-Alkylation, N4-exo-alkylation and the change in the amino group position from 4 to 5 abolishes the susceptibility of the above analogues to cytidine deaminase but at the same time it substantially reduces their cytotoxic activity. It was shown that 5-ethyl-2'-deoxyuridine inhibits 14 and 26% in vitro the growth of L 5178 Y cells at concentrations 10(-6) and 10(-5) M, respectively. The possible biological significance of the latter compound is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012971"}
{"pmid": "1012973", "title": "Studies on antilipolytic activity of antipyretics. Part II. Influence of sodium salicylate, aminophenazone, and acetophenidin on lipolysis stimulated by noradrenaline and aminophylline in vitro.", "content": "Studies on antilipolytic activity of antipyretics. Part II. Influence of sodium salicylate, aminophenazone, and acetophenidin on lipolysis stimulated by noradrenaline and aminophylline in vitro. Lipolysis, expressed as muEq of FFA released from 1 g of epidydymal fat tissue per hour, was stimulated by noradrenaline (NA) and aminophyline. Sodium salicylate inhibited the lipolysis stimulated by NA, but not by aminophylline. Aminophenazone and acetophenidin inhibited the lipolysis stimulated either by NA or by aminophylline. The antipyretics inhibited stimulated lipolysis in a non-competitive manner. The results suggest an important role of the action of antipyretics on lipolysis in their hypothermizing action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012973"}
{"pmid": "1012974", "title": "Lesions of midbrain raphe and ethanol narcosis in rats.", "content": "Lesions of midbrain raphe and ethanol narcosis in rats. Serotonin -- depleting lesions involving nucleus raphe medianus markedly prolonged ethanol-induced sleep in rats. Lesioned animals showed increased general activity and decreased serotonin and 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid concentrations in the forebrain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012974"}
{"pmid": "1012972", "title": "Central effects of prostaglandins F2alpha and E1.", "content": "Central effects of prostaglandins F2alpha and E1. In male Wistar rats PGF2alpha or PGE1 were injected intracerebroventricularly (icv) in a dose of 1 or 10 mug. Immediately or 1 hr after injection the locomotor and exploratory activity were measured. The levels of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and acetylcholine (Ach) were measured in discrete brain areas. Both PGs applied ivc caused the depression of locomotor and exploratory activity in rats. PGE1 acted longer. Both substances but PGE1 more intensively affected the level of estimated biogenic amines in different brain structures. It is concluded that PGF2alpha and E1 are central nervous depressants. Both PGs affect neurons producing NA or 5-HT or Ach in discrete areas of brain in different manner. There is different susceptibility of brain structures on PGs action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012972"}
{"pmid": "1012976", "title": "Behavioural effects of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in centrally chemosympathectomized rats.", "content": "Behavioural effects of dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in centrally chemosympathectomized rats. In rats central chemical sympathectomy (CCS) was elicited by intracerebro-ventricular (icv) injection of two doses of 250 mug of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) at 48 hr interval. 7 days after the last injection when full CCS is developed, 10 mug of dopamine (DA) or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were applied icv and locomotor and exploratory activity and irritability of animals were measured. CCS reversed the depressive effect of DA on the locomotor and exploratory activity, and intensified irribability of animals. It intensified the effect of 5-HT on the exploratory activity without changing the others observed behavioral parameters. It is concluded that CCS changes reactivity of central nervous system of pharmacological effects of DA and slightly affects the central response to 5-HT.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012976"}
{"pmid": "1012975", "title": "Central action of prostaglandin F2alpha on circulatory system in rats.", "content": "Central action of prostaglandin F2alpha on circulatory system in rats. PGF2alpha administered into the lateral brain ventricle of anesthetized rats caused an increase of the blood pressure and heart rate. Reserpine, chemical sympathectomy of the CNS with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), atropine, and vagotomy weakened the central action of PGF2alpha on the peripheral circulation. Propranolol and phenoxybenzamine exerted no influence. Neither reserpine nor 6-OHDA changed the influence of iv injected PGF2alpha on the circulation. The results of the experiments indicate to the participation of the central catecholamines in the mechanism of central action of the PGF2alpha on the circulatory system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012975"}
{"pmid": "1012977", "title": "Analysis of drug decomposition products. Part 34. Gas chromatography method for quantitative determination of METET in the presence of its sulfoxide.", "content": "Analysis of drug decomposition products. Part 34. Gas chromatography method for quantitative determination of METET in the presence of its sulfoxide. Gas chromatographic method for the determination of METET in the presence of its oxydation product sulfoxide was worked out. The gas chromatographic conditions were: gas chromatograph--Chrom4CSSR,FID,N2-flow20--30cm3/min glass, column 100 cm, phi 0-2 cm, 10% SE-30 on Chromosorb W 100/120 mesh, temp. 180--200 degrees C. The determination was carried by means of internal standard (phenylbutazone--PhB--1,2-diphenyl 4n-butyl pyrazolidino-3,5-dione or aminophenazone--APh--1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-dimethylamino-pyrazolone-5) and the calibration curve was prepared. The ratio of peak heights for the determined comound and the standard was considered. The error of the METET determination expressed as standard percentage deviation was sr = 2--3% at n = 10.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012977"}
{"pmid": "1012980", "title": "Derivatives of 3-p-chlorophenyl-3-oxopropane and 3-p-chlorophenyl-3-hydroxypropane-1-carboxylic acids.", "content": "Derivatives of 3-p-chlorophenyl-3-oxopropane and 3-p-chlorophenyl-3-hydroxypropane-1-carboxylic acids. Starting from gamma-chlorophenyltetrahydro- and gamma-chlorophenyldihydro-furan-2-ones (2 and 12), some new amides and hydrazides of the acids mentioned in the title were prepared (Table 1 and 2). Of the obtained compounds the following 10, 14, 15, 17, 20--23 show central depressant action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012980"}
{"pmid": "1012979", "title": "Studies on the polymorphism of barbital.", "content": "Studies on the polymorphism of barbital. Crystalline samples of barbital obtained by isothermal crystallization from various solvents or by sublimation were analysed. Morphological, thermomicroscopical, thermal, IR, density and initial dissolution rate studies were carried out. X-ray analysis according to Debye-Scherrer was realised after 9-month storage of samples at room conditions. The ability of barbital to form polymorphic modifications was confirmed but the conclusions of previous works were discussed. It was found that the stability of metastable crystal structures II, III and IV was high enough to make them commercially feasible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012979"}
{"pmid": "1012978", "title": "Derivatives of 2-hydroxy-4-mercapto-6-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid. II. Pirazolo-[3,4-d]-pyrimidine and hydrazinopyrimidine.", "content": "Derivatives of 2-hydroxy-4-mercapto-6-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid. II. Pirazolo-[3,4-d]-pyrimidine and hydrazinopyrimidine. Heating of 2-hydroxy-4-mercapto-6-methylpyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid 1 with hydrazine or its derivatives in ethanolic solution gave 4-hydrazino derivatives 10--12. However, at 150--160 degrees in the absence of a solvent after decarboxylation the 4-hydrazino derivatives 13 and 14 were formed. Under similar conditions form 2 (the ethyl ester of 1), 4-methylpyrazole-[3,4-d]-5(H)-pyrimidine-3,6-dione and the corresponding 1--substituted derivatives 3,7,8 of this ring system were obtained. These compounds were easily chlorinated (POCl3/PCl5) in 6 and 3 and 6 position. Compounds 3 and 7 have strong cytostatic activity in vitro and in vivo, compound 13 acts as virostatic and antiinflammatory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012978"}
{"pmid": "1012981", "title": "The effect of intrahippocampal administration of dopamine or apomorphine on EEG of limbic structures in the rabbit brain.", "content": "The effect of intrahippocampal administration of dopamine or apomorphine on EEG of limbic structures in the rabbit brain. The effect of intrahippocampal injections of dopamine or apomorphine on the energy level of EEG from limbic structures in the rabbit was investigated. The EEG was recorded from gyrus cinguli anterior, hippocampus dorsalis, nucleus amygdalae, hypothalamus medialis, and nucleus caudatus. Both apomorphine and dopamine in doses used produced stimulatory effects. The effect of apomorphine did not appear after pretreatment with haloperidol (2 or 24 hr, 1 mg/kg sc). This suggests the presence of dopamine receptors of stimulatory type in the dorsal part of rabbit hippocampus. The data confirm the prolonged action of haloperidol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012981"}
{"pmid": "1012982", "title": "An attempt to correlate the development of tolerance to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and d-amphetamine with their subcellular distribution in rat brain.", "content": "An attempt to correlate the development of tolerance to delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and d-amphetamine with their subcellular distribution in rat brain. The daily application in rats of d-amphetamine during 4 weeks in increasing doses from 16-80 mg/kg/day developed a tolerance. The quantitative evaluation of the relative accumulation of unchanged d-amphetamine in different subcellular brain fractions estimated with 3H labelled d-amphetamine showed that the development of tolerance to amphetamine is not associated with a decreased accumulation of the unchanged drug in any subcellular fraction of the brain. Synthetic delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was injected (10 mg/kg) to rats twice daily. After the 9th injection the intensity of the initial depressant effect was approximately similar to that after one injection but completely disappeared after 3 hrs of treatment. The specific activities of delta-9-THC and its metabolites in brain subcellular fractions were estimated with use of 3H-delta-9-THC. The tolerance to delta-9-THC in contrast to amphetamine seems to be mainly metabolic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012982"}
{"pmid": "1012985", "title": "Effects of stimulation of raphe nuclei on ponto-geniculo-occipital syndrome evoked by reserpine in cats.", "content": "Effects of stimulation of raphe nuclei on ponto-geniculo-occipital syndrome evoked by reserpine in cats. Stimulation of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the cat caused inhibition of ponto-geniculo-occipital waves induced by reserpine. Electrical stimuli with frequency of 10/sec. caused stronger effect than low-frequency impulses. The results indicate the PGO generating mechanisms (related probably with noradrenergic neurons of the nucleus locus coeruleus is suppressed by raphe nuclei.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012985"}
{"pmid": "1012983", "title": "Effects of inhibitors of the catecholamine synthesis on motor activity in the rat during light and darkness.", "content": "Effects of inhibitors of the catecholamine synthesis on motor activity in the rat during light and darkness. Under controlled conditions of light and darkness (12:12 hrs) the influence of inhibitors of the tyrosine-hydroxylase (alpha-MT) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (FLA 63) on motor activity were investigated in male Wistar rats at different times of the day. Simultaneously, turnover experiments of the cerebral noradrenaline and dopamine were performed, which revealed diurnal variations within 24 hrs of a day. Both inhibitors showed clear-cut chronopharmacological differences in influencing motor activity, and a phase shift between the darkness-induced increase in motor activity and the maximum turnover rate of the cerebral dopamine was observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012983"}
{"pmid": "1012984", "title": "Effects of lesions of monoaminergic system in the brain on the hypotensive effects of clonidine in rats.", "content": "Effects of lesions of monoaminergic system in the brain on the hypotensive effects of clonidine in rats. Bilateral lesions of the locus coeruleus markedly reduced hypotensive effects of clonidine in rats. Lesions shifted laterally did not evoke any significant change of the hypotensive effects of clonidine or bradycardia induced by it. Lesions of the ventral and dorsal noradrenergic tract at the midbrain level and lesions of the midbrain raphe area failed to change hypotensive response to clonidine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012984"}
{"pmid": "1012986", "title": "Studies on the central activity of kinins.", "content": "Studies on the central activity of kinins. The influence of bradykinin and kallikrein on the levels of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT) as well as the influence of bradykinin on the levels of normetanephrine, homovanillic (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic (5-HIAA) acids were investigated in different parts of the brain (cerebellum, corpus striatum, cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, medulla oblongata and midbrain). Kinins decrease the levels of NA and DA and their metabolites, and increase the level of 5-HT and 5-HIAA, expecially in corpus striatum and hypothalamus. The results of these investigations correlate with previously reported behavioural effects of kinins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012986"}
{"pmid": "1012995", "title": "Antidepressant blood levels in acute overdose.", "content": "Antidepressant blood levels in acute overdose. Plasma antidepressant levels and clinical condition were measured sequentially for at least 24 hr in eight patients who presented with acute antidepressant overdosage. There was no evidence to suggest that a knowledge of the drug plasma levels had anything to offer in the management of a patient whose overdose included a tricyclic antidepressant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012995"}
{"pmid": "1012993", "title": "Observations on the treatment of dissection of the aorta.", "content": "Observations on the treatment of dissection of the aorta. The results are presented of treatment in twenty-three patients with dissection of the thoracic aorta, in four of whom it was acute (less than 14 days' duration), and in nineteen chronic (more than 14 days' duration). Sixteen patients had Type I and II dissection (involving the ascending aorta) and five Type III  (descending aorta at or distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery); in two, dissection complicated coarctation of the aorta in the usual site. Thirteen patients had aortic regurgitation. Three of the patients with acute dissection were treated medically; two, both with Type I dissection, died, and the third, with Type III, survived. The remaining acute patient was treated surgically and also died. Of the patients with chronic dissection, eight were treated medically and eleven surgically. None of the medical group died in hospital; three died between 3 months and 1 year, and five have survived from periods of 12-72 months. Eleven patients with chronic dissection were treated surgically; four died in hospital at or shortly after operation; and the remaining seven lived for periods of 12-84 months. The presentation, indications for surgical treatment and results are discussed. It is concluded that surgical treatment of chronic dissection may carry a higher initial mortality than medical, but that there may be slightly better overall long term results in the former. As this series was not selected randomly, because patients with complications were selected for surgery, and there are only a few patients in each group, the results do not permit firm conclusion regarding the relative merits of medical and surgical treatment. It is suggested that all patients should initially be treated medically but that surgical treatment should be considered if the dissection continues, if aortic regurgitation is severe, if an aneurysm develops or enlarges, if cardiac tamponade develops or there is evidence of progressive involvement of the branches of the aorta. Attention is drawn to the important syndrome of chronic dissecting aneurysm of the ascending aorta with severe aortic regurgitation which requires definitive surgical treatment and aortic valve replacement. The importance of adequate visualization of the origin and extent of the dissection as a preliminary to surgical treatment is stressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012993"}
{"pmid": "1012994", "title": "A blood pressure clinic in a health centre.", "content": "A blood pressure clinic in a health centre. Following a screening survey for hypertension in Renfrew, a blood pressure clinic was established in a health centre. Three hospital doctors, each working an average of two sessions weekly, saw 368 patients. A specially trained nurse played an important part in the running of the clinic. Attendance of patients was high, and defaulting amongst those needing treatment was low. Blood pressures were well controlled in 75% of the patients. The clinic has proved an acceptable method of managing large numbers of hypertensives without reference to hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012994"}
{"pmid": "1012996", "title": "Scleritis and temporal arteritis.", "content": "Scleritis and temporal arteritis. Thirty consecutive patients with severe scleritis or episcleritis were  admitted as in-patients to the Medical Ophthalmology Unit and assessed for systemic disease. There were seventeen women and thirteen men. The mean age was 53 with a median of 57 (range 23-83). Eighteen of the patients had scleritis: eleven of these had evidence of connective tissue disease and three of them had temporal arteritis. Twelve patients had episcleritis: six of them had a collagen disease and one of them developed temporal arteritis. This high incidence of temporal arteritis in association with scleritis has not been previously reported. It is important to diagnose and treat overt temporal arteritis early with parenteral steroids so that ischaemic papillopathy can be avoided. A higher incidence of collagen diseases than previously described is reported in episcleritis. It is thought that this is secondary to selection since patients with the usual self-limiting episcleritis are not normally referred for further in-patient investigation. In no patient was more than one significant diagnosis made. There was no significant medical illness in only 11% of patients with scleritis and 33% of patients with episcleritis. The majority of the non-collagen diseases (e.g. hypertension) were not previously recognized. In none of the patients with temporal arteritis was the diagnosis made before admission. It is concluded that full examination and investigation for underlying disease is indicated in both scleritis and severe episcleritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012996"}
{"pmid": "1012997", "title": "The results of 100 small tissue biopsies of testis in male infertile patients.", "content": "The results of 100 small tissue biopsies of testis in male infertile patients. The value of testicular biopsy in male infertility has recently been emphasized by Meinhard, McRae and Chisholm (1973), and the present authors agree with them that a biopsy is essential for the following reasons: (1) to establish a firm diagnosis; (2) to rationalize therapy on the basis of histological findings; (3) new developments in drug therapy and electronmicroscopic techniques will help to clarify many areas of doubt and uncertainty in this difficult field; (4) the diagnosis of 'sloughing' by itself may mask changes in germinal cell development which may be amenable to hormone therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012997"}
{"pmid": "1012998", "title": "Calculus disease of the urinary tract at a district hospital.", "content": "Calculus disease of the urinary tract at a district hospital. At a District General Hospital the organization of a clinic for the investigation and treatment of patients with calculus disease of the urinary tract is described. The way in which such a clinic may be orgainzed is discussed and the results presented. In patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria, sodium cellulose phosphate causes a significant reduction in urinary calcium levels when used in such a clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012998"}
{"pmid": "1012999", "title": "Penetration of digoxin into cerebrospinal fluid.", "content": "Penetration of digoxin into cerebrospinal fluid. The concentration of digoxin in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of ten patients receiving conventional oral doses of this cardiac glycoside has been measured by a radioimmunoassay technique. Digoxin was undetected in eight patients and barely detectable in two, suggesting the presence of a significant blood-CSF barrier for digoxin. The implication of these findings is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012999"}
{"pmid": "1012987", "title": "Influence of kinins on amphetamine activity.", "content": "Influence of kinins on amphetamine activity. Bradykinin (2 mug ivc) or kallikrein (40 U/kg) inhibited the stimulatory psychomotoric action of a low (0.5 mg/kg) dose of amphetamine, and potentiated the action of a high (2 mg/kg) dose of the drug. A treatment with bradykinin and the low dose of amphetamine reduced the noradrenaline and enhanced the serotonin level in the striatum, and lowered the dopamine content in the cortex, while a combined treatment with the high dose of amphetamine elevated the dopamine level in the striatum and hypothalamus and depressed the serotonin level in the midbrain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012987"}
{"pmid": "1013000", "title": "The empty sella syndrome.", "content": "The empty sella syndrome. The empty sella syndrome (ESS) presents a varied clinical and radiographic picture. It may remain asymptomatic or may stimulate an intrasellar growth thereby causing diagnostic and therapeutic problems. An air encephalogram (AEG) is required for diagnosis. The purpose of this paper is to review the clinical and radiological features of the ESS and to discuss the pathogenetic mechanisms involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013000"}
{"pmid": "1013004", "title": "Drug-induced hyponatraemia in psychogenic polydipsia.", "content": "Drug-induced hyponatraemia in psychogenic polydipsia. Two patients with psychogenic polydipsia developed hyponatraemia, one in association with administration of hydrochlorothiazide and the other with that of tolbutamide. It is suggested that the increased fluid intake in such patients may make them more susceptible to the development of hyponatraemia from thiazide or sulphonylurea compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013004"}
{"pmid": "1013001", "title": "Hereditary nephritis (with unusual renal histology): report of a first case from the West Indies.", "content": "Hereditary nephritis (with unusual renal histology): report of a first case from the West Indies. A 21-year-old Grenadian girl undergoing investigation in Trinidad for anaemia was diagnosed as a case of hereditary nephritis. She had the clinical features of a nephropathy, nerve deafness and an ocular defect. Renal histology was exceptional in that in addition to the typical findings of a hereditary nephritis, cystic areas generally associated with medullary cystic disease were noted. Several members of the patient's maternal family were afflicted with either deafness visual distrubances or renal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013001"}
{"pmid": "1013003", "title": "Abetalipoproteinaemia. A case report with pathological studies.", "content": "Abetalipoproteinaemia. A case report with pathological studies. The clinical and pathological features of a case of abetalipoproteinaemia in a 38-year-old patient are described in detail. A feature not previously recorded was a marked reduction in the velocity of ocular horizontal saccadic movements. Pathological studies revealed an active chronic demyelinating process. The patient showed no response to large doses of vitamin E. The rationale for this therapy, and the possible reasons for its failure are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013003"}
{"pmid": "1013002", "title": "Obstructive cholecystitis due to metastatic melanoma.", "content": "Obstructive cholecystitis due to metastatic melanoma. A patient with isolated metastases from cutaneous melanoma to the gall-bladder is reported. The patient presented clinically with obstructive cholecystitis. The course of melanoma is unpredictable and the possibility that an apparently unassociated condition is due to metastases should always be considered. Isolated metastases may respond well to radical surgery and reward the surgeon's efforts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013002"}
{"pmid": "1012989", "title": "The influence of angiotensin on central effect of acetylcholine in rats.", "content": "The influence of angiotensin on central effect of acetylcholine in rats. The influence of angiotensin on the central action of acetylcholine was studied in rats. It was shown that the action of acetylcholine was enhanced in animals treated simultaneously with angiotensin. Above phenomena were accompanied with the increase of \"free\" and \"bound\" acetylcholine in the brain of angiotensin treated rats. These observations indicate an interaction between angiotensin and acetylcholine in the CNS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012989"}
{"pmid": "1013005", "title": "Familial anglo-oedema--a particularly severe form.", "content": "Familial anglo-oedema--a particularly severe form. A case of hereditary angio-oedema is described together with the family history and manifestations in the father of the patient. The problems encountered in his management are discussed, including tracheostomy and genetic counselling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013005"}
{"pmid": "1012988", "title": "Influence of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) on the central action of acetylcholine.", "content": "Influence of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) on the central action of acetylcholine. Depressive behavioral effects of acetylcholine (10 mug ivtr) and physostigmine (0.3 mg/kg ip), and prolongation of the duration of electrogenic seizures produced by the drugs were prevented by intraperitoneal or intraventricular administration of FDP (0.5 mg/kg or 5 mug resp.). The peptides did not affect the brain acetylcholine level and did not influence the inhibitory effect of physostygmine on AChE activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1012988"}
{"pmid": "1013010", "title": "The Oxford continuous blood-pressure recorder--technical and clinical evaluation.", "content": "The Oxford continuous blood-pressure recorder--technical and clinical evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013010"}
{"pmid": "1013013", "title": "Studies in a hypertensive population.", "content": "Studies in a hypertensive population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013013"}
{"pmid": "1013006", "title": "Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in infectious mononucleosis.", "content": "Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in infectious mononucleosis. Two cases of spontaneous rupture of the spleen as a complication of infectious mononucleosis are reported. The literature is briefly reviewed and emphasis placed on the need for awareness of this rare complication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013006"}
{"pmid": "1013011", "title": "Electrocardiography: technical aspects. Introductory remarks.", "content": "Electrocardiography: technical aspects. Introductory remarks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013011"}
{"pmid": "1013017", "title": "Methods for tape analysis (I).", "content": "Methods for tape analysis (I).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013017"}
{"pmid": "1013012", "title": "Median nerve palsy--a complication of brachial artery cannulation.", "content": "Median nerve palsy--a complication of brachial artery cannulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013012"}
{"pmid": "1013007", "title": "Does coronary surgery prolong life in comparison with medical management?", "content": "Does coronary surgery prolong life in comparison with medical management? This analysis attempts to utilize natural history controls to answer the question as to whether coronary surgery prolongs life in comparison to medical management. Selected natural history studies are compared and contrasted in an effort to obtain an average survival curve for patients with coronary artery disease comparable to those presently being operated. The Duke University Medical Center series of concurrent operated and non-operated patients is reviewed to demonstrate the difference of prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease and the complexities involved in answering the question. It is concluded that, on average, coronary surgery does not prolong life in comparison to medical management over the span of 2-5 years. There may be certain higher risk patients whose lives may be prolonged by aortocoronary bypass surgery but more patients and more prolonged follow-up are needed fully to answer the question.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013007"}
{"pmid": "1013021", "title": "Long-term recording of activity patterns.", "content": "Long-term recording of activity patterns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013021"}
{"pmid": "1013018", "title": "Monitoring of electrocardiogram and blood pressure in the intensive care unit with portable instruments.", "content": "Monitoring of electrocardiogram and blood pressure in the intensive care unit with portable instruments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013018"}
{"pmid": "1013016", "title": "The value of ambulatory monitoring in borderline and established hypertension.", "content": "The value of ambulatory monitoring in borderline and established hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013016"}
{"pmid": "1013014", "title": "The use of 24 hour blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis and management of difficult hypertensive problems.", "content": "The use of 24 hour blood pressure monitoring in the diagnosis and management of difficult hypertensive problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013014"}
{"pmid": "1013015", "title": "The over-shoot phenomenon on withdrawal of clonidine therapy.", "content": "The over-shoot phenomenon on withdrawal of clonidine therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013015"}
{"pmid": "1013009", "title": "Phaechromocytoma with unilateral renal artery stenosis.", "content": "Phaechromocytoma with unilateral renal artery stenosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013009"}
{"pmid": "1013019", "title": "Ambulatory monitoring--applications in orthopaedics.", "content": "Ambulatory monitoring--applications in orthopaedics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013019"}
{"pmid": "1013020", "title": "The analysis of gastrointestinal myoelectric activity.", "content": "The analysis of gastrointestinal myoelectric activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013020"}
{"pmid": "1013024", "title": "Long-term recording of the electrocardiogram in a normal population.", "content": "Long-term recording of the electrocardiogram in a normal population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013024"}
{"pmid": "1013008", "title": "Idiopathic cervical and retroperitoneal fibrosis: report of a case treated with steroids.", "content": "Idiopathic cervical and retroperitoneal fibrosis: report of a case treated with steroids. Retroperitoneal fibrosis in a 12-year-old boy is reported. This was associated with a fibrotic mass in the neck which resolved spontaneously. Right-sided ureteric obstruction responded to treatment with steroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013008"}
{"pmid": "1013022", "title": "Methods for tape analysis (II).", "content": "Methods for tape analysis (II).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013022"}
{"pmid": "1013023", "title": "Analysis of heart rate in physiological and clinical studies.", "content": "Analysis of heart rate in physiological and clinical studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013023"}
{"pmid": "1013025", "title": "The R-R interval histogram.", "content": "The R-R interval histogram.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013025"}
{"pmid": "1013029", "title": "An analysis of the use of active electrodes in electroencephalogram ambulatory monitoring.", "content": "An analysis of the use of active electrodes in electroencephalogram ambulatory monitoring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013029"}
{"pmid": "1013027", "title": "Clinical application of Holter continuous electrocardiography.", "content": "Clinical application of Holter continuous electrocardiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013027"}
{"pmid": "1013026", "title": "Ambulatory monitoring in the late post-myocardial infarction period.", "content": "Ambulatory monitoring in the late post-myocardial infarction period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013026"}
{"pmid": "1013030", "title": "Electroencephalogram monitoring of ambulatory epileptic patients.", "content": "Electroencephalogram monitoring of ambulatory epileptic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013030"}
{"pmid": "1013028", "title": "Measurement of physiological variables in men at work.", "content": "Measurement of physiological variables in men at work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013028"}
{"pmid": "1013032", "title": "Factors determining the design and construction of a portable pressure transducer system.", "content": "Factors determining the design and construction of a portable pressure transducer system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013032"}
{"pmid": "1013031", "title": "Electroencephalogram recording of sleep in the home.", "content": "Electroencephalogram recording of sleep in the home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013031"}
{"pmid": "1013039", "title": "The early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the nose, pharynx and larynx.", "content": "The early diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the nose, pharynx and larynx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013039"}
{"pmid": "1013038", "title": "The stuffy nose.", "content": "The stuffy nose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013038"}
{"pmid": "1013040", "title": "Hard of hearing.", "content": "Hard of hearing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013040"}
{"pmid": "1013041", "title": "Abnormalities of smell and taste.", "content": "Abnormalities of smell and taste.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013041"}
{"pmid": "1013042", "title": "Rhino-sinusitis and midfacial pain in adolescents.", "content": "Rhino-sinusitis and midfacial pain in adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013042"}
{"pmid": "1013043", "title": "The physiological basis and practical value of head exercises in the treatment of vertigo.", "content": "The physiological basis and practical value of head exercises in the treatment of vertigo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013043"}
{"pmid": "1013045", "title": "Severe haemolysis and unilateral sensorineural deafness in infectious mononucleosis.", "content": "Severe haemolysis and unilateral sensorineural deafness in infectious mononucleosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013045"}
{"pmid": "1013047", "title": "The prevalence of anaemia in the over-65s in a rural practice.", "content": "The prevalence of anaemia in the over-65s in a rural practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013047"}
{"pmid": "1013044", "title": "Severe pyrexial illness caused by middle ear disease.", "content": "Severe pyrexial illness caused by middle ear disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013044"}
{"pmid": "1013046", "title": "The psychosexual clinic.", "content": "The psychosexual clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013046"}
{"pmid": "1013048", "title": "Forensic problems in practice. XII. Injuries from fire-arms and explosives.", "content": "Forensic problems in practice. XII. Injuries from fire-arms and explosives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013048"}
{"pmid": "1013122", "title": "Intracerebral haematoma with communicating hydrocephalus in a neonate.", "content": "Intracerebral haematoma with communicating hydrocephalus in a neonate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013122"}
{"pmid": "1013123", "title": "Myasthenia Gravis.", "content": "Myasthenia Gravis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013123"}
{"pmid": "1013124", "title": "Epidermolysis bullosa dystorphica and systemic lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Epidermolysis bullosa dystorphica and systemic lupus erythematosus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013124"}
{"pmid": "1013126", "title": "Project selection in the pharmaceutical industry.", "content": "Project selection in the pharmaceutical industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013126"}
{"pmid": "1013125", "title": "Tuberculous ulceration of the penis.", "content": "Tuberculous ulceration of the penis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013125"}
{"pmid": "1013127", "title": "Project selection in the pharmaceutical industry.", "content": "Project selection in the pharmaceutical industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013127"}
{"pmid": "1013129", "title": "Comparison of iris clip lens. Results with plain intracapsular extraction.", "content": "Comparison of iris clip lens. Results with plain intracapsular extraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013129"}
{"pmid": "1013128", "title": "Ocular malignant diseases.", "content": "Ocular malignant diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013128"}
{"pmid": "1013130", "title": "Cystoid macular oedema.", "content": "Cystoid macular oedema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013130"}
{"pmid": "1013131", "title": "Anterior chamber implants with the Ridley tripod lens.", "content": "Anterior chamber implants with the Ridley tripod lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013131"}
{"pmid": "1013132", "title": "The fitting of continuous wear soft contact lenses at the time of cataract surgery.", "content": "The fitting of continuous wear soft contact lenses at the time of cataract surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013132"}
{"pmid": "1013133", "title": "The problem of the class iii malocclusion.", "content": "The problem of the class iii malocclusion. The etiology and treatment of Class III malocclusion has been discussed. The value of electromyographic assessment in the assessment and prediction of Class III malocclusion has been shown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013133"}
{"pmid": "1013134", "title": "Bone disease in the elderly.", "content": "Bone disease in the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013134"}
{"pmid": "1013139", "title": "An epidemiological approach to the monitoring of hospital waiting list statistics.", "content": "An epidemiological approach to the monitoring of hospital waiting list statistics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013139"}
{"pmid": "1013138", "title": "A cohort study of mortality in relation to lung function.", "content": "A cohort study of mortality in relation to lung function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013138"}
{"pmid": "1013140", "title": "Rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis and pseudolymphoma.", "content": "Rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis and pseudolymphoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013140"}
{"pmid": "1013136", "title": "Surgical treatment of ageing joints.", "content": "Surgical treatment of ageing joints.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013136"}
{"pmid": "1013135", "title": "The problems of diagnosis of arthritis in the elderly.", "content": "The problems of diagnosis of arthritis in the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013135"}
{"pmid": "1013137", "title": "The management of osteoporosis.", "content": "The management of osteoporosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013137"}
{"pmid": "1013141", "title": "Congenital abnormality of inferior vena cava, infectious mononucleosis and aneurysm of common carotid artery.", "content": "Congenital abnormality of inferior vena cava, infectious mononucleosis and aneurysm of common carotid artery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013141"}
{"pmid": "1013142", "title": "Coeliac disease with Hodgkin's lymphoma.", "content": "Coeliac disease with Hodgkin's lymphoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013142"}
{"pmid": "1013143", "title": "Meningococcal septicaemia.", "content": "Meningococcal septicaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013143"}
{"pmid": "1013144", "title": "Medical disease and the anaesthetist.", "content": "Medical disease and the anaesthetist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013144"}
{"pmid": "1013145", "title": "A perspective of oral cancer.", "content": "A perspective of oral cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013145"}
{"pmid": "1013146", "title": "The effect of truncal vagotomy on lower esophageal sphincter pressure and response to cholinergic stimulation.", "content": "The effect of truncal vagotomy on lower esophageal sphincter pressure and response to cholinergic stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013146"}
{"pmid": "1013147", "title": "Calcitonin, serotonin and parafollicular cell granules during the hibernation activity cycle in the bat.", "content": "Calcitonin, serotonin and parafollicular cell granules during the hibernation activity cycle in the bat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013147"}
{"pmid": "1013148", "title": "Intrarectal infection of guinea pigs with the agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis.", "content": "Intrarectal infection of guinea pigs with the agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013148"}
{"pmid": "1013149", "title": "Effects of promethazine hydrochloride on the metabolism of rabbit alveolar macrophages.", "content": "Effects of promethazine hydrochloride on the metabolism of rabbit alveolar macrophages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013149"}
{"pmid": "1013150", "title": "Tensile properties of tendon in copper-deficient swine.", "content": "Tensile properties of tendon in copper-deficient swine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013150"}
{"pmid": "1013151", "title": "Levels and significance of erythrocyte purine enzymes in hyperuricemia.", "content": "Levels and significance of erythrocyte purine enzymes in hyperuricemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013151"}
{"pmid": "1013152", "title": "Decreased E-rosette formation following streptolysin-O treatment.", "content": "Decreased E-rosette formation following streptolysin-O treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013152"}
{"pmid": "1013153", "title": "Effects of bradykinin on rat lymphocytes.", "content": "Effects of bradykinin on rat lymphocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013153"}
{"pmid": "1013154", "title": "The interrelation of fluoride and iron in anemia.", "content": "The interrelation of fluoride and iron in anemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013154"}
{"pmid": "1013155", "title": "Canine cyclic hematopoiesis: platelet size and thrombopoietin level in relation to platelet count.", "content": "Canine cyclic hematopoiesis: platelet size and thrombopoietin level in relation to platelet count.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013155"}
{"pmid": "1013156", "title": "Long-term persistence of antibody following Enders' original and More attenuated live measles virus vaccine.", "content": "Long-term persistence of antibody following Enders' original and More attenuated live measles virus vaccine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013156"}
{"pmid": "1013157", "title": "Effect of timolol on hydralazine-induced increase in plasma renin activity in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats.", "content": "Effect of timolol on hydralazine-induced increase in plasma renin activity in spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013157"}
{"pmid": "1013158", "title": "Early change of specific activity of plasma and red blood cell cholesterol following intravenous administration of [4(-4)C] cholesterol in man.", "content": "Early change of specific activity of plasma and red blood cell cholesterol following intravenous administration of [4(-4)C] cholesterol in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013158"}
{"pmid": "1013159", "title": "Effects of fructose and other dietary carbohydrates on plasma glucose, insulin and lipids in genetically obese (Ob/Ob) mice.", "content": "Effects of fructose and other dietary carbohydrates on plasma glucose, insulin and lipids in genetically obese (Ob/Ob) mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013159"}
{"pmid": "1013160", "title": "Appearance of inorganic pyrophosphatase during growth of Streptococcus mutans cells.", "content": "Appearance of inorganic pyrophosphatase during growth of Streptococcus mutans cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013160"}
{"pmid": "1013161", "title": "Adipocyte size distribution in ob/ob mice during preobese and obese phases of development.", "content": "Adipocyte size distribution in ob/ob mice during preobese and obese phases of development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013161"}
{"pmid": "1013162", "title": "Effects of chlorothiazide on glucose utilization, glycogen content, and lactic acid production of aorta.", "content": "Effects of chlorothiazide on glucose utilization, glycogen content, and lactic acid production of aorta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013162"}
{"pmid": "1013163", "title": "Canine pituitary prolactin: isolation and partial characterization.", "content": "Canine pituitary prolactin: isolation and partial characterization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013163"}
{"pmid": "1013164", "title": "Spiculated erythrocytes of cholesterol-fed guinea pigs: changes of morphology, composition, and osmotic fragility.", "content": "Spiculated erythrocytes of cholesterol-fed guinea pigs: changes of morphology, composition, and osmotic fragility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013164"}
{"pmid": "1013165", "title": "Effects of corticosterone treatment on puberty in female rats.", "content": "Effects of corticosterone treatment on puberty in female rats. The effects of corticosterone excess on the regulation of the onset of puberty in rats was studied.  Beginning at 22 days of age, corticosterone was made available ad libitum in drinking water in various doses.  16 mcg of corticosterone/ml of 4% ethanol in tap water did not delay the onset of puberty, but did inhibit the normal corticosterone peak observed at 1600 hours.  24 mcg also suppressed the corticosterone peak and delayed ovulation, but did not affect vaginal opening.  At these 2 doses, growth rates were not affected.  Doses of 160 and 240 mcg delayed both vaginal opening and ovulation, produced high blood levels of corticosterone at 0800 and 2300 hours, and suppressed the corticosterone peak at 1600 hours.  Body growth was also markedly retarded.  The results suggest that a normal adrenal rhythm is not necessary for the onset of puberty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013165"}
{"pmid": "1013166", "title": "Alterations in thyroidal calcitonin content of rats fed diets of varying Ca:P ratios.", "content": "Alterations in thyroidal calcitonin content of rats fed diets of varying Ca:P ratios.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013166"}
{"pmid": "1013167", "title": "Tropic effect of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin on pancreatic acinar cells from rats of different ages.", "content": "Tropic effect of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin on pancreatic acinar cells from rats of different ages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013167"}
{"pmid": "1013168", "title": "Enhanced effect of cyclophosphamide on Burkitt lymphoma cell lines in vivo.", "content": "Enhanced effect of cyclophosphamide on Burkitt lymphoma cell lines in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013168"}
{"pmid": "1013169", "title": "Effects of angiotensin on drinking.", "content": "Effects of angiotensin on drinking. A series of four experiments was carried out to assess the effects of angiotensin II on drinking elicited by various types of stimulation. Experimental I examined the effects of the interaction of 2 cc/kg of 5% NaCl plus 0.2 mg/kg angiotensin II on ad lib eating and drinking. Results indicate that NaCl plus angiotensin produced an additive enhancement in water consumption. Experiment 2 was conducted to investigate the effects of 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg/kg of angiotensin II on drinking and eating in 23 hr water deprived animals. Dose related increases in drinking alone were observed. In Experiment 3 the effects of 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg/kg of angiotensin II on schedule dependent lever pressing and schedule induced drinking and licking were determined. Results demonstrate that angiotensin II decreased lever pressing and increased schedule induced water consumption without a concomitant increase in licking. Experimental 4 examined the effects of the same doses of angiotensin II on prandal drinking in food deprived animals. Under these conditions angiotensin II increased water consumption. Results were discussed in terms of the differential effects of angiotensin II on drinking, eating, and schedule dependent lever pressing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013169"}
{"pmid": "1013170", "title": "Does the rat with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus have impaired avoidance learning and/or performance?", "content": "Does the rat with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus have impaired avoidance learning and/or performance? Avoidance learning and extinction of rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain) were studied in 2 experiments that differed only in shock intensity. In both experiments rats homozygous for diabetes insipidus were more deficient in both escape and avoidance responding than were their heterozygous or normal controls. Although the hterozygous animals showed improved escape performance at the higher shock intensity, their avoidance behavior was not improved. The superiority of normal and heterozygous animals in extinction performance, relative to the homozygous animals, was eliminated or reversed when the differences in terminal acquisition performance were taken into account by analyses of covariance. Deficiency of ADH, therefore, may not result in faster extinction of avoidance behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013170"}
{"pmid": "1013171", "title": "Effects of alpha-MSH on motivation, vigilance and brain respiration.", "content": "Effects of alpha-MSH on motivation, vigilance and brain respiration. In a series of experiments designed to assess the effects of alpha-MSH on various motivational processes, it was observed that the hormone can slightly decrease food intake and increase water consumption during the first hr after administration in rats. alpha-MSH also modified avoidance behavior in 1- and 3-day-old chicks, but there were no reliable effects on activity, distress vocalizations and the tonic immobility response. alpha-MSH appeared to modulate the sleep-waking activity of rats, and the most prominent effect was an increase of slow wave sleep during the 2-3 rd hr after treatment. A possible second effect was a homogenization of sleep patterns--with poor sleepers exhibiting increases of activated sleep and good sleepers a reduction. Measurement of in vitro brain oxygen consumption indicated that mice treated with alpha-MSH exhibit an 18% reduction in respiration of the brain stem section which includes the locus coeruleus, but did not reliably change respiration in forebrain cortices. alpha-MSH also produced a modest 14% increase of plasma glucose. These results are discussed in terms of possible modulation by alpha-MSH of activity in central autonomic cell groups such as the locus coeruleus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013171"}
{"pmid": "1013176", "title": "Tissue digoxin concentrations at digoxin intoxication in normal, acutely hypokalemic, and acutely hyperglycemic dogs.", "content": "Tissue digoxin concentrations at digoxin intoxication in normal, acutely hypokalemic, and acutely hyperglycemic dogs. Thirty intact dogs were studied to determine digoxin concentration in various tissues after ventricular tachycardia had been induced by digoxin infusion. A control group was infused solely with digoxin. A second group was made acutely hypokalemic by glucose-insulin infusion before the digoxin infusion. A third group was infused with glucose and digoxin to determine the effect of increased blood glucose levels and osmalarity on the induction of ventricular tachycardia. Results were: (1) The amount of digoxin infused to produce ventricular tachycardia did not differ getween the normal and hypokalemic groups. (2) The concentration of digoxin in various parts of the heart, other muscle tissue, renal cortex, and liver did not differ between the normal and acutely hypokalemic dogs although the amount excreted in bile and urine was reduced in hypokalemia. (3) Acute hypokalemia did not sensitize the myocardium to the arrhythmogenic effects of digoxin. (4) Ventricular tachcardia occurred at a similar plasma digoxin level in normal and acutely hypokalemic dogs. (5) In dogs with a lowered plasma potassium level, junctional tachycardia occurred whereas it did not occur in normal dogs or those with only a high blood glucose level. (6) Ventricular tachycardia occurred in the hyperglycemic dogs at a plasma digoxin level of 170 ng/ml, which was significantly greater than in the other experiments (7) Acute hyperglycemia reduced the mean rate of myocaridal uptake of digoxin into atria and right and left ventricular tissue; and the concentration of digoxin in atria, left ventricle, and interventricular septum was lower at the time of ventricular tachycardia than occurred in normal dogs. (8) Lowering the plasma potassium level in the presence of acute hyperglycemia, which occurred with the glucose-insulin infusion, did increase the myocardial uptake of digoxin. Similar effects of hyperglycemia were noted on mean hepatic uptake and excretion of digoxin and also the renal uptake of the glycoside.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013176"}
{"pmid": "1013177", "title": "Binding of an opiate, levorphanol, to intact neuroblastoma cells in continuous culture.", "content": "Binding of an opiate, levorphanol, to intact neuroblastoma cells in continuous culture. Mouse neuroblastoma cells in continuous culture, incubated for 1 to 2 days in the presence of 10--6 M levorphanol or morphine, were found to become tolerant to and dependent on those biologically active opiates. Examination of the interaction between levorphanol and the whole neuroblastoma cell suggested that levorphanol was binding to stereospecific opiate receptor sites. This binding was time and temperature dependent, and saturable at concentrations greater than 10--5 M levorphanol. Competition by other opiates for levorphanol sites correlated with their biological activity. This is the first evidence for saturable, stereospecific opiate binding in a homogeneous population of unhybridized cells in continuous culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013177"}
{"pmid": "1013178", "title": "On the Comorosan effect.", "content": "On the Comorosan effect. A possible explanation for the necessary and sufficient irradiation to produce the controversial Comorosan effect is discussed. Using a modified quantum theory requiring a definition of the relation of four parameters of a light signal instead of the usual two, the lack of superposition of irradiating sources is accounted for as well as the ineffectiveness of all parts of the total visible spectrum. The most effective average wavelength for obtaining the effect is unique merely because of the appropriateness of the bandwidth of the filter. Changing the filter bandwidth in a way related to a change in the average wavelength should produce the effect at other average wavelengths. The storage of energy within the irradiated substance is considered to be due to either a resonance effect with photon annihilation or a Raman effect with photon scattering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013178"}
{"pmid": "1013179", "title": "Antineoplastons: biochemical defense against cancer.", "content": "Antineoplastons: biochemical defense against cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013179"}
{"pmid": "1013180", "title": "The relaxation times of water protons and division rate in human breast cancer cells: a possible relationship to survival.", "content": "The relaxation times of water protons and division rate in human breast cancer cells: a possible relationship to survival.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013180"}
{"pmid": "1013181", "title": "The effect of small quantities of phospholipase C on ionic and protein permeabilities of red cell membranes.", "content": "The effect of small quantities of phospholipase C on ionic and protein permeabilities of red cell membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013181"}
{"pmid": "1013182", "title": "Effects of nasal ZnSO4 irrigation and olfactory bulbectomy on rat pups.", "content": "Effects of nasal ZnSO4 irrigation and olfactory bulbectomy on rat pups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013182"}
{"pmid": "1013183", "title": "Different intensities of unsignalled inescapable shock treatments as determinants of non-shock-motivated open field behavior: a resolution of disparate results.", "content": "Different intensities of unsignalled inescapable shock treatments as determinants of non-shock-motivated open field behavior: a resolution of disparate results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013183"}
{"pmid": "1013184", "title": "Energetics of meal patterns in rats.", "content": "Energetics of meal patterns in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013184"}
{"pmid": "1013185", "title": "A preprandial intake pattern in weanling rats ingesting a high fat diet.", "content": "A preprandial intake pattern in weanling rats ingesting a high fat diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013185"}
{"pmid": "1013186", "title": "Feeding response to regulatory challenges after 6-hydroxydopamine injection into the brain noradrenergic pathways.", "content": "Feeding response to regulatory challenges after 6-hydroxydopamine injection into the brain noradrenergic pathways.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013186"}
{"pmid": "1013187", "title": "Psychophysiological correlates of tonic immobility in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus).", "content": "Psychophysiological correlates of tonic immobility in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013187"}
{"pmid": "1013188", "title": "Suppression of cricket killing and eating in laboratory mice following lithium chloride injections.", "content": "Suppression of cricket killing and eating in laboratory mice following lithium chloride injections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013188"}
{"pmid": "1013189", "title": "Performance of an instrumental response under conditions of varying cutaneous afferent activity levels.", "content": "Performance of an instrumental response under conditions of varying cutaneous afferent activity levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013189"}
{"pmid": "1013190", "title": "Mating in male rabbits after anesthesia of the glans penis.", "content": "Mating in male rabbits after anesthesia of the glans penis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013190"}
{"pmid": "1013191", "title": "Some problems on the estimation of water intake by a drinkometer.", "content": "Some problems on the estimation of water intake by a drinkometer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013191"}
{"pmid": "1013192", "title": "Dietary obesity in adult rats: similarities to hypothalamic and human obesity syndromes.", "content": "Dietary obesity in adult rats: similarities to hypothalamic and human obesity syndromes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013192"}
{"pmid": "1013193", "title": "Preoptic hypernatremic syndrome and the regulation of water balance in the rat.", "content": "Preoptic hypernatremic syndrome and the regulation of water balance in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013193"}
{"pmid": "1013194", "title": "Septal lesions and aversive nonreward.", "content": "Septal lesions and aversive nonreward.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013194"}
{"pmid": "1013195", "title": "The reinforcing effects of vagal stimulation on classically conditioned heart rate in rats.", "content": "The reinforcing effects of vagal stimulation on classically conditioned heart rate in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013195"}
{"pmid": "1013196", "title": "Anatomical and behavioral mapping of rhythmic slow wave activity in rat hippocampus.", "content": "Anatomical and behavioral mapping of rhythmic slow wave activity in rat hippocampus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013196"}
{"pmid": "1013197", "title": "Taste of dipeptides.", "content": "Taste of dipeptides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013197"}
{"pmid": "1013198", "title": "Schedule-induced drinking and reinforcement omission.", "content": "Schedule-induced drinking and reinforcement omission.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013198"}
{"pmid": "1013199", "title": "Cholecystokinin-induced satiety in weanling rats.", "content": "Cholecystokinin-induced satiety in weanling rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013199"}
{"pmid": "1013200", "title": "Castration and amphetamine effects on acquisition of a Sidman avoidance task in rats.", "content": "Castration and amphetamine effects on acquisition of a Sidman avoidance task in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013200"}
{"pmid": "1013201", "title": "Sex differences in circadian wheel running rhythms in the Mongolian gerbil.", "content": "Sex differences in circadian wheel running rhythms in the Mongolian gerbil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013201"}
{"pmid": "1013202", "title": "Effects of water deprivation and prior LiCl exposure in conditioning taste aversions.", "content": "Effects of water deprivation and prior LiCl exposure in conditioning taste aversions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013202"}
{"pmid": "1013203", "title": "Testosterone and fear behavior in male chicks.", "content": "Testosterone and fear behavior in male chicks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013203"}
{"pmid": "1013204", "title": "Cortical spreading depression: a case of state dependent learning.", "content": "Cortical spreading depression: a case of state dependent learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013204"}
{"pmid": "1013205", "title": "Penile deafferentation and the effect of mating experience on sexual motivation in adult male rats.", "content": "Penile deafferentation and the effect of mating experience on sexual motivation in adult male rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013205"}
{"pmid": "1013206", "title": "The ingestion of food and the recovery of body weight following fasting in the naive rat.", "content": "The ingestion of food and the recovery of body weight following fasting in the naive rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013206"}
{"pmid": "1013207", "title": "Partitioning of behavioral arousal.", "content": "Partitioning of behavioral arousal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013207"}
{"pmid": "1013208", "title": "Individual differences in the response to androgen in male rabbits.", "content": "Individual differences in the response to androgen in male rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013208"}
{"pmid": "1013209", "title": "Relationship between obesity, weight loss, and taste responsiveness.", "content": "Relationship between obesity, weight loss, and taste responsiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013209"}
{"pmid": "1013210", "title": "Time-dependent fornix influence on increased light aversion induced by septal lesions.", "content": "Time-dependent fornix influence on increased light aversion induced by septal lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013210"}
{"pmid": "1013211", "title": "Unit responses in hypothalamus and mesencephalic reticular formation to acoustic stimuli and electrical stimulation of ipsi- and contralateral amygdala.", "content": "Unit responses in hypothalamus and mesencephalic reticular formation to acoustic stimuli and electrical stimulation of ipsi- and contralateral amygdala.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013211"}
{"pmid": "1013212", "title": "Recovery of cortical responses following localized cooling in the thalamus.", "content": "Recovery of cortical responses following localized cooling in the thalamus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013212"}
{"pmid": "1013213", "title": "Alternation behavior of cats with medial visual cortex ablation.", "content": "Alternation behavior of cats with medial visual cortex ablation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013213"}
{"pmid": "1013214", "title": "VMH lesions and reactivity to electric footshock in the rat: the effect of early testosterone level.", "content": "VMH lesions and reactivity to electric footshock in the rat: the effect of early testosterone level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013214"}
{"pmid": "1013215", "title": "Plasma hyperosmolality at the onset of drinking during starvation induced hypovolemia.", "content": "Plasma hyperosmolality at the onset of drinking during starvation induced hypovolemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013215"}
{"pmid": "1013216", "title": "Effect of medial archistriatal lesions on the conditioned emotional response and on auditory discrimination performance of the pigeon.", "content": "Effect of medial archistriatal lesions on the conditioned emotional response and on auditory discrimination performance of the pigeon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013216"}
{"pmid": "1013217", "title": "Effects of anesthetic injected into brainstem sites on body temperature and behavioral thermoregulation.", "content": "Effects of anesthetic injected into brainstem sites on body temperature and behavioral thermoregulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013217"}
{"pmid": "1013218", "title": "Influence of a monotonous food on body weight regulation in humans.", "content": "Influence of a monotonous food on body weight regulation in humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013218"}
{"pmid": "1013219", "title": "Pituitary-adrenal activity under different appetitive extinction procedures.", "content": "Pituitary-adrenal activity under different appetitive extinction procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013219"}
{"pmid": "1013220", "title": "A quantitative study on interocular transfer in the rabbit.", "content": "A quantitative study on interocular transfer in the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013220"}
{"pmid": "1013221", "title": "A device for increasing the amplitude of the pulse pressure of cerebrospinal fluid.", "content": "A device for increasing the amplitude of the pulse pressure of cerebrospinal fluid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013221"}
{"pmid": "1013222", "title": "A simple inexpensive device for rapidly insulating subcortical electrodes.", "content": "A simple inexpensive device for rapidly insulating subcortical electrodes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013222"}
{"pmid": "1013223", "title": "Cerebral pulsation and single unit recording in the guinea pig's visual cortex.", "content": "Cerebral pulsation and single unit recording in the guinea pig's visual cortex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013223"}
{"pmid": "1013253", "title": "Technical eclecticism and open-case consultation: a psychotherapeutic training model.", "content": "Technical eclecticism and open-case consultation: a psychotherapeutic training model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013253"}
{"pmid": "1013254", "title": "Psychophysiological changes in feeling therapy.", "content": "Psychophysiological changes in feeling therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013254"}
{"pmid": "1013255", "title": "Psychology of scientist: XXXIV. MMPI characteristics of physical and social science students: replication and reanalysis.", "content": "Psychology of scientist: XXXIV. MMPI characteristics of physical and social science students: replication and reanalysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013255"}
{"pmid": "1013256", "title": "Relationship between moral development test scores of juvenile delinquents and their inclusion in a moral dilemma discussion group.", "content": "Relationship between moral development test scores of juvenile delinquents and their inclusion in a moral dilemma discussion group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013256"}
{"pmid": "1013257", "title": "Self-actualization, neuroticism, and extraversion revisited.", "content": "Self-actualization, neuroticism, and extraversion revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013257"}
{"pmid": "1013259", "title": "Locus of control, anxiety, and cognitive functioning.", "content": "Locus of control, anxiety, and cognitive functioning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013259"}
{"pmid": "1013258", "title": "Countercontrol in hypnotic control groups.", "content": "Countercontrol in hypnotic control groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013258"}
{"pmid": "1013260", "title": "Conceited talk: a test of hypotheses.", "content": "Conceited talk: a test of hypotheses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013260"}
{"pmid": "1013261", "title": "Nonverbal communication and the judgment of leadership.", "content": "Nonverbal communication and the judgment of leadership.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013261"}
{"pmid": "1013263", "title": "An initial investigation into the parameters of overcorrection.", "content": "An initial investigation into the parameters of overcorrection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013263"}
{"pmid": "1013262", "title": "Behavior and traditional therapy applied to pedophiliac exhibitionism: a case study.", "content": "Behavior and traditional therapy applied to pedophiliac exhibitionism: a case study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013262"}
{"pmid": "1013264", "title": "Maintenance of psychophysiological changes in feeling therapy.", "content": "Maintenance of psychophysiological changes in feeling therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013264"}
{"pmid": "1013265", "title": "Comments on criminal offenders and the WAIS picture arrangement \"hold-up\" item.", "content": "Comments on criminal offenders and the WAIS picture arrangement \"hold-up\" item.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013265"}
{"pmid": "1013269", "title": "Alternate forms for global self-concept and an achievement-related subscale using the Brownfain self-rating inventory.", "content": "Alternate forms for global self-concept and an achievement-related subscale using the Brownfain self-rating inventory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013269"}
{"pmid": "1013266", "title": "Alcohol, field dependence, and dyadic self-disclosure.", "content": "Alcohol, field dependence, and dyadic self-disclosure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013266"}
{"pmid": "1013267", "title": "Relationship between paranoid tendencies and projective behavior.", "content": "Relationship between paranoid tendencies and projective behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013267"}
{"pmid": "1013268", "title": "Use of a cross-over design in testing short-term methylphenidate effects on avoidance conditioning.", "content": "Use of a cross-over design in testing short-term methylphenidate effects on avoidance conditioning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013268"}
{"pmid": "1013270", "title": "Educational orientations of faculty: assessing a personality model of the academic professions.", "content": "Educational orientations of faculty: assessing a personality model of the academic professions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013270"}
{"pmid": "1013271", "title": "Distractibility, intensity of reaction, and non-nutritive sucking.", "content": "Distractibility, intensity of reaction, and non-nutritive sucking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013271"}
{"pmid": "1013272", "title": "Characteristics of current social stressors.", "content": "Characteristics of current social stressors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013272"}
{"pmid": "1013273", "title": "Methodological issues in relating, psychiatric symptoms to social stressors.", "content": "Methodological issues in relating, psychiatric symptoms to social stressors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013273"}
{"pmid": "1013274", "title": "Prediction of attrition from a therapeutic community.", "content": "Prediction of attrition from a therapeutic community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013274"}
{"pmid": "1013275", "title": "Overcontrolled hostility, empathy, and egocentric balance in violent and nonviolent psychiatric offenders.", "content": "Overcontrolled hostility, empathy, and egocentric balance in violent and nonviolent psychiatric offenders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013275"}
{"pmid": "1013277", "title": "Personality and motivational factors on an intentional-incidental learning task.", "content": "Personality and motivational factors on an intentional-incidental learning task.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013277"}
{"pmid": "1013276", "title": "Mind-body revisited: every 28 days.", "content": "Mind-body revisited: every 28 days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013276"}
{"pmid": "1013278", "title": "Worry and emotionality components of test anxiety in different sex and age groups of elementary school children.", "content": "Worry and emotionality components of test anxiety in different sex and age groups of elementary school children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013278"}
{"pmid": "1013279", "title": "Effects of alcohol on specific and environmental fear.", "content": "Effects of alcohol on specific and environmental fear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013279"}
{"pmid": "1013280", "title": "Selective interference during the retrieval of visual images.", "content": "Selective interference during the retrieval of visual images.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013280"}
{"pmid": "1013281", "title": "Interference in colour-contingent motion after-effects.", "content": "Interference in colour-contingent motion after-effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013281"}
{"pmid": "1013285", "title": "Delayed one-trial extinction of the McCollough effect.", "content": "Delayed one-trial extinction of the McCollough effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013285"}
{"pmid": "1013282", "title": "Two parameters measure apparent change during repetitive stimulation.", "content": "Two parameters measure apparent change during repetitive stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013282"}
{"pmid": "1013283", "title": "The retrieval hypothesis as an explanation of induced retrograde amnesia.", "content": "The retrieval hypothesis as an explanation of induced retrograde amnesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013283"}
{"pmid": "1013284", "title": "Hemispheric differences in processing visual patterns.", "content": "Hemispheric differences in processing visual patterns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013284"}
{"pmid": "1013287", "title": "Conformational theory applied to polysaccharide structure.", "content": "Conformational theory applied to polysaccharide structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013287"}
{"pmid": "1013290", "title": "Nuclear energy: health impact of carbon-14.", "content": "Nuclear energy: health impact of carbon-14. Estimates are presented on the carbon-14 generation rates in several reactor types and in peaceful nuclear explosions. If the carbon-14 generated in light water reactors is released, the population radiation dose rate it causes initially will be comparable to that resulting from the krypton-85 and tritium generated in these reactors. Because of the long half-life, the radiation dose commitment and the dose rate resulting from the environmental build-up of carbon-14 are considerably larger than those of the two other radionuclides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013290"}
{"pmid": "1013286", "title": "Kinetics of channel gating in excitable membranes.", "content": "Kinetics of channel gating in excitable membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013286"}
{"pmid": "1013288", "title": "Leukemia and the reducing property of viruses.", "content": "Leukemia and the reducing property of viruses. Investigations of native blood of healthy people and of patients with acute leukemia have shown that the disease might be caused by a strongly reducing substance, which is presumably a virus. Evidence for this conclusion was obtained mainly by electron spin resonance (ESR) studies and by the determination of the catalase activity. ESR spectra of leukemic blood revealed an additional signal not present in spectra of healthy blood. Investigation of different blood fractions has shown that this signal is caused by a species present in the leukocytes only. Addition of reduced glutathione to healthy blood immediately after blood drawing resulted in the same signal. On the contrary, oxidizing substances, such as oxidized glutathione and KMnO4, added to the blood of leukemic patients immediately after its drawing, caused a disappearance of this signal depending on the concentration. Since the strongly reducing substances causes a reduction in the concentration of the oxidizing substances in biological systems, the H2O2 levels should be also affected and, thus, the catalase activity, too. As expected, the activity of this enzyme in the leukemic blood seems to be considerably lower than in healthy blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013288"}
{"pmid": "1013289", "title": "Comparison of X-ray and gamma-ray dose-response curves for pink somatic mutations in Tradescantia clone 02.", "content": "Comparison of X-ray and gamma-ray dose-response curves for pink somatic mutations in Tradescantia clone 02. Microdosimetric data indicate that the mean specific energy, eta, produced by individual charged particles from X-rays and gamma rays is different for the two radiation qualities by nearly a factor of two. In order to test whether this influences the initial, linear component in the dose-effect relations, a comparison was made between dose-response curves for pink somatic mutations in Tradescantia clone 02 stamen hairs following X and gamma irradiations. Absorbed doses ranged from 2.66 to 300 rad.The results are in agreement with predictions made on the basis of microdosimetric data. At low doses gamma rays are substantially less effective than X-rays. The RBE of gamma rays vs. X-rays at low doses was approximately 0.6, a value lower than those usually reported in other experimental systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013289"}
{"pmid": "1013334", "title": "Molecular neuropathology.", "content": "Molecular neuropathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013334"}
{"pmid": "1013335", "title": "Neurosecretion -- comparative and evolutionary aspects.", "content": "Neurosecretion -- comparative and evolutionary aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013335"}
{"pmid": "1013336", "title": "Hormones and brain development.", "content": "Hormones and brain development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013336"}
{"pmid": "1013337", "title": "Vasopressin and memory consolidation.", "content": "Vasopressin and memory consolidation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013337"}
{"pmid": "1013338", "title": "Real neural networks.", "content": "Real neural networks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013338"}
{"pmid": "1013339", "title": "The nerve growth factor: its role in growth, differentiation and function of the sympathetic adrenergic neuron.", "content": "The nerve growth factor: its role in growth, differentiation and function of the sympathetic adrenergic neuron.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013339"}
{"pmid": "1013340", "title": "Neuronal circuitry and its development.", "content": "Neuronal circuitry and its development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013340"}
{"pmid": "1013341", "title": "Models of neuronal populations: the basic mechanisms of rhythmicity.", "content": "Models of neuronal populations: the basic mechanisms of rhythmicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013341"}
{"pmid": "1013342", "title": "A glance at some problems facing brain research today.", "content": "A glance at some problems facing brain research today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013342"}
{"pmid": "1013343", "title": "Organization of spontaneous electrical activity in the neocortex.", "content": "Organization of spontaneous electrical activity in the neocortex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013343"}
{"pmid": "1013344", "title": "Plasticity in the adult mammalian central nervous system.", "content": "Plasticity in the adult mammalian central nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013344"}
{"pmid": "1013345", "title": "Are invertebrate nervous systems good models for the functional organization of the brain?", "content": "Are invertebrate nervous systems good models for the functional organization of the brain?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013345"}
{"pmid": "1013346", "title": "EEG and behavior.", "content": "EEG and behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013346"}
{"pmid": "1013347", "title": "On drive, conflict and instinct, and the functional organization of behavior.", "content": "On drive, conflict and instinct, and the functional organization of behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013347"}
{"pmid": "1013349", "title": "The brain as a functional entity.", "content": "The brain as a functional entity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013349"}
{"pmid": "1013348", "title": "Tissue fractionation methods in brain research.", "content": "Tissue fractionation methods in brain research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013348"}
{"pmid": "1013350", "title": "A unifying approach to mind and brain: ten year perspective.", "content": "A unifying approach to mind and brain: ten year perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013350"}
{"pmid": "1013351", "title": "The nature of consciousness: some persistent conceptual difficulties and a practical suggestion.", "content": "The nature of consciousness: some persistent conceptual difficulties and a practical suggestion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013351"}
{"pmid": "1013352", "title": "Functional biochemistry of neurons and glial cells.", "content": "Functional biochemistry of neurons and glial cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013352"}
{"pmid": "1013353", "title": "Plastic changes of neurons during acquisition of new behavior as a problem of protein differentiation.", "content": "Plastic changes of neurons during acquisition of new behavior as a problem of protein differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013353"}
{"pmid": "1013354", "title": "Industrial research in the quest for new medicines.", "content": "Industrial research in the quest for new medicines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013354"}
{"pmid": "1013355", "title": "Changing influences on goals and incentives in drug research and development.", "content": "Changing influences on goals and incentives in drug research and development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013355"}
{"pmid": "1013356", "title": "Problems of medical practice and of medical- pharmaceutical research.", "content": "Problems of medical practice and of medical- pharmaceutical research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013356"}
{"pmid": "1013401", "title": "Lethal effect of the serotonin-xylocaineR association in ganglion-blocked rats.", "content": "Lethal effect of the serotonin-xylocaineR association in ganglion-blocked rats. In rats anestetized with urethane and under ganglionic blockade by hexamethonium (20 mg/kg, i.v.), the i.v. injection of serotonin (60 mug/kg) determined apnea, ECG alterations and a brief hypotensive response which is similar to that as elicited when 5-HT is given to intact rats. During the hypertension which follows that initial response, apnea is still present along with more severe ECG changes. After that, blood pressure falls into a prolonged hypotension, which is invariably accompanied by death. Neither norepinephrine, nor respiratory analeptics (CoramineR, RemeflinF) were able to prevent the fatal outcome. Only artificial respiration was found to be useful in some instances. It was concluded that the association serotonin plus lidocaine becomes lethal when given to ganglion-blocked rate, and this toxic effect can be ascribed mainly to the respiratory depressor activity of the drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013401"}
{"pmid": "1013404", "title": "Hepatitis-B antigen in an isolated Indian population (Yanomama indians) Southern Venezuela.", "content": "Hepatitis-B antigen in an isolated Indian population (Yanomama indians) Southern Venezuela. A high frequency of Hepatitis-B antigen (7%) was found in apparently healthy Yanomama indians living in southern Venezuela. The prevalence in 24 different Yanomama villages varied between 0 and 30%, but only 3 of 938 serum samples showed presence of HB-Ab. The distribution of the HB-Ag was found to be significantly higher in males than in females.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013404"}
{"pmid": "1013405", "title": "Aspects of mitochondrial activity in the estuarine bivalves Crassostrea rhizophorae and Lucina pectinatus: a comparative approach.", "content": "Aspects of mitochondrial activity in the estuarine bivalves Crassostrea rhizophorae and Lucina pectinatus: a comparative approach. In identical laboratory conditions, some differences in the endogenous relative activity (mul O2/mg protein/ml/h) were determined by the addition of succinate and alpha-keto-glutarate to the mitochondrial-rich-fraction from heart and both parts of the adductor muscle in oyster (Crassostrea rhizophorae) and from heart and adductor muscle in clams (Lucina pectinatus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013405"}
{"pmid": "1013407", "title": "Detection of haemoglobin D Punjab in patient with Sydenham's chorea.", "content": "Detection of haemoglobin D Punjab in patient with Sydenham's chorea. In the present report the authors identified a rare haemoglobin, Hb D Punjab, in association with Sydenham's Chorea. They emphasize the importance of characterizing unusual haemoglobins by peptide mapping, particularly when the electrophoretic pattern shows the characteristics of known haemoglobins and when associated with pathologic states.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013407"}
{"pmid": "1013408", "title": "The defect in pulmonary gas transfer in patients with sickle cell disease.", "content": "The defect in pulmonary gas transfer in patients with sickle cell disease. Nine patients with sickle cell disease and without concomitant cardiopulmonary illness or acute problems were studied with lung function tests. Besides arterial hemoglobin unsaturation, found in all cases so studied, a slight decrease in PaO2 was also present. The pulmonary gas transfer defect was studied and found to be due mostly to increased right to left shunting, although uneven ventilation/perfusion relationships seem to have been a factor in a few cases. Our data clearly show that the diffusion was not implicated in the gas transfer defect. The clinical implications of this little studied and less mentioned respiratory defect are discussed. Since the defect may enhance the risk of sickling crises, it should be measured in each individual patient, for appropriate prophylactic measures. After accidents, pre and post-operatively and during acute respiratory illness, the defect should be again reevaluated. In all probability many patients will be discovered who represent a respiratory risk, and may require special immunizations, prophylactic antibiotics, professional relocation and, during emergencies, intensive respiratory care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013408"}
{"pmid": "1013410", "title": "The classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.", "content": "The classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013410"}
{"pmid": "1013501", "title": "The magnitude of the breast cancer problem.", "content": "The magnitude of the breast cancer problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013501"}
{"pmid": "1013500", "title": "Giant-cell tumor and chondrosarcomas: grading, treatment and results (studies of 209 and 131 cases).", "content": "Giant-cell tumor and chondrosarcomas: grading, treatment and results (studies of 209 and 131 cases). The Author reviews 209 cases of giant-cell tumor (follow-up 3-42 years in 130 cases) and 131 chondrosarcomas (70 central, 50 peripheral, 11 periosteal; follow-up 10-32 years in 63 cases). Giant-cell tumors are graded into three radiographic types (calm, active, aggressive) and three histologic types (typical, aggressive, sarcoma). Chondrosarcomas were also graded into three radiographic and three histologic types (grades I, II, III). Incidence and mutual relationships of radiographic and histologic grades are presented. In recurrences it is possible to observe a progression of malignancy in giant-cell tumor and - more often - in chondrosarcomas. Results are related to the radiographic and histologic grading and to the type of treatment. Indications for treatment are given according to the experience gained from this study. The Author enumerates the surgical techniques he has found most suitable for the conservative treatment of these tumors when resection is indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013500"}
{"pmid": "1013499", "title": "Surgical treatment of solitary bone cysts.", "content": "Surgical treatment of solitary bone cysts. A special method of subperiosteal segmental resection is described as an operative treatment for solitary bone cysts in long bones. This procedure exploits the high osteogenetic potency of the periosteum in adolescence. An autogenous or homologous fibula bone graft locked between the ends of the cyst serves to maintain the length of the bone fragments and acts as a guiding rod for continued subperiosteal new bone formation. There is full reconstruction of bone stability and function at both the cyst region and the donor region (fibula).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013499"}
{"pmid": "1013498", "title": "Laboratory models of minimal residual cancer; development and preliminary immunotherapy studies.", "content": "Laboratory models of minimal residual cancer; development and preliminary immunotherapy studies. It is the author's contention that if we wish to investigate immunotherapy for cancer in laboratory models, the model must reproduce or at least mimic the biological conditions which are encountered in clinical oncologic practice. The usual experimental animal tumor systems do not satisfy this requirement. They are usually studied as primary transplants of rapidly progressive tumors which kill in a few weeks, and experimental treatments are usually started within a day of two after implantation, before the tumor is detectable by ordinary methods of examination. In clinical oncology the existence of cancer is seldom suspected until it reaches a clinically detectable mass, and it is then treated by various established methods which, if not curative, at least reduce tumor mass temporarily before the tumor recurs locally or at distant sites. A cancer patient, therefore, has a rather prolonged exposure to his tumor and an opportunity to develop immune and other biological responses to it. Present animal models are therefore inadequate for immunotherapy research. This paper examines the prerequisites for more accetable experimental tumor models for immunotherapeutic research, describes a step-by-step investigation leading to the development of what to seems to be more appropriate models, and describes preliminary immunotherapy studies in one of the models, in which parabiosis is used as a means of transfering antitumor resistance to the \"patients\" from specificially immunized donors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013498"}
{"pmid": "1013502", "title": "Genetic predisposition to breast cancer.", "content": "Genetic predisposition to breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013502"}
{"pmid": "1013503", "title": "Steroid receptor proteins and regulation of growth in mammary tumors.", "content": "Steroid receptor proteins and regulation of growth in mammary tumors. The failure of the estrogen receptor test to predict unequivocally whether a breast cancer will respond to endocrine therapy has prompted us to re-examine the spectrum of responses that might be expected in a hormone-sensitive tissue. Three basic responses are recognized; initiation of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation; negative feedback; and autophagia. The expression of these responses may be partly or totally deficient in tumors. In some tumors, resistance to hormone may result from the lack of entry of hormone into the nucleus; in others the interaction of hormone with chromatin is probably abnormal Evidence is presented in support of the idea that the presence of steroid in the nucleus is strongly correlated to the presence of cytoplasmic receptor. The results also suggest that there is a strong link between the presence of steroid in the nucleus and the initiation of DNA synthesis. Finally the disappearance of nuclear receptor and the onset of autophagia seem to be related catabolic events.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013503"}
{"pmid": "1013504", "title": "Some thoughts concerning the primary therapy of breast cancer.", "content": "Some thoughts concerning the primary therapy of breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013504"}
{"pmid": "1013506", "title": "The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.", "content": "The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer. A wide variety of approaches are being applied to the therapy of breast cancer. Treatment begins with a biopsy followed by mastectomy to remove the primary tumor. The risk category must be determined and, at present, an axillary dissection appears to be required; in the future, tumor cell markers may replace the role of an axillary dissection in the determination of risk category (TORMEY et al., 1975). If the nodes are positive, adjuvant chemotherapy and possibly immunotherapy should be considered. A positive estrogen receptor assay suggests that patients may also benefit from endocrine treatments. If it is negative, the chances of responding to hormonotherapy are very limited, except, perhaps, for anti-estrogens (McGUIRE, et al., 1975). Adjuvant therapy for patients with negative nodes is not recommended at this time; this view may have to be modified as the results of current adjuvant studies become available. We have at hand the means to improve the cure rate of patients with breast cancer. We are getting better diagnostic methods and find more patients with negative nodes. We know more about the primary treatment and have systemic modalities that are effective in the adjuvant situation. The immediate problem is to learn how to put these treatments together, and this task has been undertaken by on-going clinical trials. We are anticipating the results with optimism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013506"}
{"pmid": "1013507", "title": "The role of hormones in the modern treatment of advanced breast cancer.", "content": "The role of hormones in the modern treatment of advanced breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013507"}
{"pmid": "1013505", "title": "The role of radiation therapy in the loco-regional treatment of breast cancer.", "content": "The role of radiation therapy in the loco-regional treatment of breast cancer. After having briefly considered the role of irradiation in the loco-regional therapy of breast cancer, the role of irradiation as a treatment modality aimed at conserving the breast is emphasized. A total of 457 patients were treated either by tumorectomy plus irradiation by 60Co (101 cases) or by primary irradiation (356 cases) with a follow-up of over 5 years. The results are encouraging and similar to those obtained by more standard treatments, particularly by surgery. Among the patients cured, 2 out of 3 have kept their breast with a satisfactory esthetic quality. However, the author insists on the difficulties presented by the irradiation technique, on the necessity of a close cooperation between the surgeon and the radiotherapist, and on the importance of a regular and frequent clinical, mammographic, and thermographic follow-up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013505"}
{"pmid": "1013509", "title": "Utilization of diagnostic techniques for cancer of the breast - early diagnosis.", "content": "Utilization of diagnostic techniques for cancer of the breast - early diagnosis. Early diagnosis of breast cancer is the only method with proven potential for lowering the death rate from the disease. Early diagnosis means, in a practical way, detection of preclinical cancer - finding the cancer before it would ordinarily be detected in the normal course of events. This involves mass screening of apparently well women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013509"}
{"pmid": "1013510", "title": "Human breast cancer in culture.", "content": "Human breast cancer in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013510"}
{"pmid": "1013508", "title": "The role of nonspecific immunotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.", "content": "The role of nonspecific immunotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013508"}
{"pmid": "1013511", "title": "Breast tumor modeling for prognosis and treatment.", "content": "Breast tumor modeling for prognosis and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013511"}
{"pmid": "1013514", "title": "Breath-to-breath variations of alveolar Po2 and Pco2 at barometric pressures of 490, 745 and 1500 Toor in resting awake dogs.", "content": "Breath-to-breath variations of alveolar Po2 and Pco2 at barometric pressures of 490, 745 and 1500 Toor in resting awake dogs. Two awake, resting dogs born and raised at low altitude were studied, breathing air (1) at 745 torr, (2) during a 12 days sojourn at 490 torr in an altitude chamber, and (3) during 5 days sojourn at 1500 torr in a hyperbaric chamber. The respired gas was continuously sampled an end-tidal PCO2 and PO2 of sequences of thirty breaths were measured by fast analyzers. The mean value of alveolar PCO2 was 29 torr at high altitude; 35 torr at 745 torr; and 40 torr in hyperbary. The changes of PCO2 indicate different alveolar ventilations which result mainly from the changes of the chemoreceptor drive which is enhanced at high altitude and decreased in hyperbary. The scattering of PCO2 is about the same at the three pressures. The scattering of PO2 is less at high altitude than at sea level, and less at sea level than in hyperbary. On a PCO2 vs PO2 diagram end-tidal PCO2 and PO2 points form elliptical clouds whose mean slopes decrease with the increase of total pressure. The characteristics of the dispersion of the alveolar pressures and of the slopes of the alveolar clouds depend on several factors among which the relevant steepness (i.e. capacitance) of the O2 and CO2 blood abosrption curves at the three pressures presumably plays the major role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013514"}
{"pmid": "1013515", "title": "Interaction of convection and diffusion in pulmonary gas transport.", "content": "Interaction of convection and diffusion in pulmonary gas transport. Normal human subjects inspired various volumes of a normoxic argon mixture containing low concentrations of several biologically inert tracer gases with markedly different diffusivities (helium, neon, and sulfur hexafluoride). The behavior of Ne, Ar, and SF6 could be predicted on the basis of axial dispersion due to differences in diffusivity. For example, neon, having the highest diffusivity of the three, was more uniformly distributed within the bronchial tree than either argon or SF6. The behavior of helium, however, was not consistent with predictions based solely on axial diffusion. Contrary to expectation, the early portion of expiration was helium enriched while gas assumed to come from the alveolar regions contained relatively less helium than the other gases. Results of this study suggest that radial diffusion during convective bulk flow may play a significant role in intrapulmonary gas transport if relative diffusivity is extremely large. We conclude that diffusion gradients do exist within the bronchial tree during normal quiet breathing and that these gradients become less significant as inspired volume increases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013515"}
{"pmid": "1013513", "title": "Changes in the Breuer-Hering reflexes following rostral pontine lesion.", "content": "Changes in the Breuer-Hering reflexes following rostral pontine lesion. The lung stretch reflex characteristics of unanesthetized decerebrate cats were determined using servo-controlled lung volume changes before and after bilateral lesion of the dorsolateral rostral pons in the region of nucleus parabrachialis medialis (NPBM). During the inspiratory phase the time-dependent threshold curve for inspiratory inhibition by lung inflation was shifted to larger volumes after lesion with no change in the constant describing its rate of decay. During the expiratory phase the gain of the inflation reflex was found to be increased by lesion, but otherwise to remain qualitatively the same. Deflations during the expiratory phase revealed a prolonged central inhibitory state with reduced rate of decay late in expiration. It is concluded that with intact vagi structures in the region of NPBM constitute but one of at least three sources of inspiratory inhibition, feedback derived from peripheral lung stretch receptors and from caudal pontine or medullary neurons also being involved. It is also concluded that the structures in the vicinity of NPBM affect the switching mechanisms differently during the two phases of the cycle: During inspiration they contribute a tonic threshold lowering input to the inspiratory \"off-switch\"; whereas, during expiration they provide inspiratory-facilitatory influences late in the phase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013513"}
{"pmid": "1013516", "title": "Chemoreceptors in the paleopulmonic lung of the emu: discharge patterns during cyclic ventilation.", "content": "Chemoreceptors in the paleopulmonic lung of the emu: discharge patterns during cyclic ventilation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013516"}
{"pmid": "1013517", "title": "Study of intrapulmonary gas mixing in man by simultaneous wash-out of helium and sulfur hexafluoride.", "content": "Study of intrapulmonary gas mixing in man by simultaneous wash-out of helium and sulfur hexafluoride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013517"}
{"pmid": "1013522", "title": "A new Caloric Tester using ear canal balloon.", "content": "A new Caloric Tester using ear canal balloon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013522"}
{"pmid": "1013512", "title": "Population and family planning programs: a factbook.", "content": "Population and family planning programs: a factbook.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013512"}
{"pmid": "1013547", "title": "[Jaundice in pregnancy].", "content": "[Jaundice in pregnancy].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013547"}
{"pmid": "1013581", "title": "Synovial-fluid pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen.", "content": "Synovial-fluid pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen. A study was made of the plasma and synovial-fluid levels of ketoprofen after single oral doses of 50 mg and 100 mg given to patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The drug was rapidly absorbed and plasma levels were similar to those seen in healthy volunteers. The mean early plasma half-life of ketoprofen in both volunteers and patients with rheumatoid arthritis was 1.5 to 2 hours. A cumulative effect of ketoprofen was evident in the synovial-fluid of the patients studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013581"}
{"pmid": "1013583", "title": "The uses and usefulness of electrically powered indoor wheelchairs.", "content": "The uses and usefulness of electrically powered indoor wheelchairs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013583"}
{"pmid": "1013580", "title": "Action of ketoprofen on hepatic lysosome in the rat.", "content": "Action of ketoprofen on hepatic lysosome in the rat. Evidence for the stabilizing effect of ketoprofen on the lysosomal membrane is presented. Ketoprofen was as potent as indomethacin in stabilizing lysosomes subjected to changes in osmotic pressure. This effect was more marked in rats with adjuvant arthritis than in normal animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013580"}
{"pmid": "1013582", "title": "Some pharmacological and toxicological studies on ketoprofen.", "content": "Some pharmacological and toxicological studies on ketoprofen. Evidence for the effectiveness of ketoprofen in animal models of inflammation and its antipyretic effect is reviewed. Its toxicity in animals is discussed and the low tendency to produce ulcers is stressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013582"}
{"pmid": "1013585", "title": "A prospective study of 102 patients with the polymyalgia rheumatica syndrome.", "content": "A prospective study of 102 patients with the polymyalgia rheumatica syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013585"}
{"pmid": "1013584", "title": "Femoral-head height loss: a study of the relative significance of some of its determinants in hip degeneration.", "content": "Femoral-head height loss: a study of the relative significance of some of its determinants in hip degeneration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013584"}
{"pmid": "1013579", "title": "Relationship between the inhibitory activity on 'RCS' and prostaglandins synthesis and the anti-inflammatory activity of ketoprofen and several other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.", "content": "Relationship between the inhibitory activity on 'RCS' and prostaglandins synthesis and the anti-inflammatory activity of ketoprofen and several other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. In this study ketoprofen has been shown to be the most potent of all anti-inflammatory drugs in inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins and the 'rabbit-aorta contracting substance' (RCS), using the guinea-pig lung preparation. Although there did not appear to be a close relationship between the activities of the various drugs in inhibiting prostaglandins synthesis and in their anti-inflammatory activity, the compounds were ranked in the same order in both test systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013579"}
{"pmid": "1013586", "title": "Progressive destruction of the femoral head in association with familial hypercholesterolaemia.", "content": "Progressive destruction of the femoral head in association with familial hypercholesterolaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013586"}
{"pmid": "1013587", "title": "Follow-up of hinge arthroplasty of the knee in rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Follow-up of hinge arthroplasty of the knee in rheumatoid arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013587"}
{"pmid": "1013588", "title": "BXL Plastazote: a useful aid in both treatment and rehabilitation.", "content": "BXL Plastazote: a useful aid in both treatment and rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013588"}
{"pmid": "1013590", "title": "Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint: complicated by fistula formation.", "content": "Septic arthritis of the sternoclavicular joint: complicated by fistula formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013590"}
{"pmid": "1013589", "title": "Rehabilitation of non-walkers in rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Rehabilitation of non-walkers in rheumatoid arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013589"}
{"pmid": "1013591", "title": "Interview surveys of handicapped people: the accuracy of statements about the underlying medical conditions.", "content": "Interview surveys of handicapped people: the accuracy of statements about the underlying medical conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013591"}
{"pmid": "1013594", "title": "Some observations on the ultrastructure of the sinus gland of the lobster, Palinurus polyphagus (Herbst).", "content": "Some observations on the ultrastructure of the sinus gland of the lobster, Palinurus polyphagus (Herbst).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013594"}
{"pmid": "1013592", "title": "Neurosecretory cells in the central nervous system of the prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius).", "content": "Neurosecretory cells in the central nervous system of the prawn, Metapenaeus monoceros (Fabricius).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013592"}
{"pmid": "1013615", "title": "Persistent left superior vena cava, significance in emergency cardiac pacing.", "content": "Persistent left superior vena cava, significance in emergency cardiac pacing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013615"}
{"pmid": "1013616", "title": "Surgery for ventricular aneurysm.", "content": "Surgery for ventricular aneurysm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013616"}
{"pmid": "1013618", "title": "Mushroom poisoning: Colorado experience 1972-1975.", "content": "Mushroom poisoning: Colorado experience 1972-1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013618"}
{"pmid": "1013617", "title": "Osteoid osteoma: a rare occurrence in the carpal navicular.", "content": "Osteoid osteoma: a rare occurrence in the carpal navicular.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013617"}
{"pmid": "1013647", "title": "Interactions between ricinus agglutinin and human IgA.", "content": "Interactions between ricinus agglutinin and human IgA. By affinity chromatography on Sepharose columns containing insolubilized ricinus agglutinin, all immunoglobulins of the IgA2 subclass and the polymers of IgA1 were retained and could be eluted with lactose. Monomeric IgA1 showed a more heterogeneous reaction with ricinus agglutinin. The major part was unretarded, whereas some of it was weakly bound to the column and could be eluted with lactose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013647"}
{"pmid": "1013646", "title": "Binding of IgA to protein-A-containing staphylococci: relationship to subclasses.", "content": "Binding of IgA to protein-A-containing staphylococci: relationship to subclasses. Among 54 human monoclonal IgA proteins, 5 inhibited the binding of labeled human monoclonal IgM (IgM Se and IgM Ba) to protein-A-containing staphylococci, whereas 48 did not have this ability. One protein (IgA Ha) showed discordant findings in the IgM Se and IgM Ba inhibitions assays. Among the 54 IgA proteins, 49 were of the IgA1 and 5 of the IgA2 subclass. All of the 5 IgA2 proteins inhibited the binding of IgM Se and IgM Ba to staphylococci, whereas the 48 proteins that reacted negatively in the two inhibition assays belonged to the IgA1 subclass. These findings show that the ability to react with staphylococci is a property of the IgA2 subclass. IgM proteins may also be divided into two groups based on different reactivities with protein A. It is proposed to call the two IgM subclasses IgM1 and IgM2, where the latter is defined by ability to react with protein A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013646"}
{"pmid": "1013650", "title": "Immune response in asymptomatic paraproteinemia. I. Primary and secondary antibody response to Helix pomatia hemocyanin.", "content": "Immune response in asymptomatic paraproteinemia. I. Primary and secondary antibody response to Helix pomatia hemocyanin. In a group of 20 patients with asymptomatic paraproteinemia, as judged after at least 3 years of follow-up, the primary and secondary antibody response to Helix pomatia hemocyanin (HPH) was defective as compared with the response in controls. The class of antibody was assessed by mercaptoethanol (ME) treatment of serum. A lowered response was found not only in the total but also in the ME-resistant (mainly 7S, IgG) antibody titer. Low anti-HPH antibody titers were preferentially found in the patients with high serum paraprotein levels, whereas in half of the patients with low serum paraprotein levels a completely normal antibody response was found. No differences in the total or 7S anti-HPH antibody response were found between patients with IgG, IgM, or IgA paraproteinemia. The polyclonal serum Ig levels were not predictive for the measured anti-HPH response. The anamnestic diphtheria and tetanus antibody response was not different from that of controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013650"}
{"pmid": "1013654", "title": "Residual function in cortically blind hemifields.", "content": "Residual function in cortically blind hemifields.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013654"}
{"pmid": "1013649", "title": "Genetic control of antibody responses to PHA in inbred rats.", "content": "Genetic control of antibody responses to PHA in inbred rats. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-P; Difco) contains four immunogenic components. The antibody response in rats to two of these components is shown to be genetically determined: AS rats are high responders and BN rats are low responders to both antigens. Responsiveness to the two components segregates independently as autosomal, dominant traits in a manner that is compatible with a one-gene hypothesis for both responses. The antibody response to the mitogenic fraction of PHA segregates together with the in vitro mitogenic response to PHA and to other mitogens. These responses are not linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of the rat. The antibody response to a nonmitogenic fraction from PHA is, however, linked to the MHC.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013649"}
{"pmid": "1013648", "title": "Genetic control of the in vitro responses of rat blood lymphocytes. II. Number of loci involved and linkage with in vivo antibody formation.", "content": "Genetic control of the in vitro responses of rat blood lymphocytes. II. Number of loci involved and linkage with in vivo antibody formation. Blood lymphocytes from the inbred rat strains AS and BN differ in the magnitude both of their in vitro proliferative response to different mitogens and of their in vivo antibody response to the mitogenic fraction of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). We have examined the segregation of in vitro responsiveness to PHA in (AS X BN)F1 X BN backcross rats and have tried to correlate it with other characters that vary in backcross rats. In vitro responsiveness is regulated by one or a few loci, is linked to the in vitro responsiveness to B lymphocyte mitogens and the in vivo antibody response to the mitogenic fraction of PHA, but is not linked to the major histocompatibility locus (Ag-B) nor to the frequency of short-lived small Ig-negative lymphocytes in blood. Lymphocytes from high-responder rats have a shorter lag period before the onset of DNA synthesis in vitro than low-responder rats, and possibly also a higher number of in vitro responsing cells. To explain our findings, that the same gene og genes regulate in vitro responsiveness to different mitogens and in vivo antibody response to the mitogenic fraction of PHA, we suggest that the gene or genes act in an immunologically unspecific manner on the regulation of lymphocyte proliferation in vitro as well as in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013648"}
{"pmid": "1013656", "title": "Epidemiological follow-up investigations of lung function. SEPCR working group meeting Gothenburg Sweden, 11th/12th June, 1976 [proceedings].", "content": "Epidemiological follow-up investigations of lung function. SEPCR working group meeting Gothenburg Sweden, 11th/12th June, 1976 [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013656"}
{"pmid": "1013657", "title": "Spirometry and flow-volume curves in 10-year follow-up in men born 1913.", "content": "Spirometry and flow-volume curves in 10-year follow-up in men born 1913.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013657"}
{"pmid": "1013658", "title": "Longitudinal changes in ventilatory capacity amongst men over a 3-year period [proceedings].", "content": "Longitudinal changes in ventilatory capacity amongst men over a 3-year period [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013658"}
{"pmid": "1013659", "title": "Factors related to EFV1 slope between two cross-sectional surveys 1960-72 [proceedings].", "content": "Factors related to EFV1 slope between two cross-sectional surveys 1960-72 [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013659"}
{"pmid": "1013660", "title": "Serial data over 10-22 years for detailed lung function of working men [proceedings].", "content": "Serial data over 10-22 years for detailed lung function of working men [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013660"}
{"pmid": "1013651", "title": "Arming of lymphoid cells by IgG antibodies treated with protein A from Staphylococcus aureus.", "content": "Arming of lymphoid cells by IgG antibodies treated with protein A from Staphylococcus aureus. Mouse spleen lymphocytes treated with rabbit IgG anti-sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) complexed with protein A of Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) form rosettes with SRBC. The attachment of SRBC to lymphocytes was due to the binding of the SpA-IgG antibody complex to the surface of the lymphocytes and was thus considered \"arming\" of the cells. Normal mouse spleen cells \"armed\" with SpA-rabbit IgG anti-chicken erythrocytes (CRBC) kill specifically 51Cr-labeled CRBC \"in vitro\" in the absence of free antibodies. The killing by these \"armed\" cells is an effect of the cell-bound SpA-IgG antibody complex. Both the SRBC rosette formation and the cell-mediated CRBC killing was dependent on the concentration of the SpA-IgG antibody complexes used for \"arming\" the cells. A 100-fold increase in rosette formation or in killing of target cells was recorded for lymphocytes treated with SpA-IgG antibody complexes in comparison with cells treated with noncomplexed IgG antibodies. The specific binding of SpA-IgG antibody complexes to the Fc receptors of mouse spleen cells was demonstrated by inhibition studies. More than 60% inhibition of the rosette formation and in the killing of target cells was shown for cells treated with normal rabbit IgG or its Fc fragment before addition of the SpA-IgG antibody complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013651"}
{"pmid": "1013655", "title": "Tuberculin reactions related to interval between BCG vaccination and skin testing in guinea pigs.", "content": "Tuberculin reactions related to interval between BCG vaccination and skin testing in guinea pigs. Groups of BCG-vaccinated guinea pigs were given a single Mantoux skin test 4 to 69 weeks after vaccination. The skin reactions tended to develop more slowly the longer the interval since BCG vaccination. Relatively quickly developing tuberculin skin reactions may be characteristic not only for repeated testing, but also for skin tests taken shortly after BCG vaccination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013655"}
{"pmid": "1013652", "title": "A method for the detection and quantitation of Fc receptor sites on cells.", "content": "A method for the detection and quantitation of Fc receptor sites on cells. A new rosette technique for identification of Fc-receptor-bearing cells is based on the ability of sheep erythrocytes coated with protein A of Staphylococcus aureus (ES) to form rosettes with cells treated with monomeric IgG or aggregated IgG. The IgG is attached to lymphocytes through its Fc region and binds to a trypsin-resistant but pronase-sensitive receptor (considered an Fc receptor). The ES rosette technique facilitates studies of the interaction of IgG with Fc receptor sites; the binding of any IgG preparation reacting with protein A of Staphylococcus aureus (SpA) can be studied by the technique. Inhibition of rosette formation by SpA was used for quantitation of IgG fixed to the cell surface (that is, the number of Fc receptors/cell). The sensitivity of the method permits quantitation of less than 10(5) IgG molecules bound to the Fc receptors. The relative affinity constant between Fc receptors and IgG ligands was estimated by plotting the percentage of ES rosettes as a function of IgG concentration and calculating the reciprocal of the IgG concentration giving half the maximal number of ES rosettes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013652"}
{"pmid": "1013661", "title": "Asbestos exposure and small airways disease [proceedings].", "content": "Asbestos exposure and small airways disease [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013661"}
{"pmid": "1013639", "title": "Pancreatitis and severe metabolic abnormalities in patients taking phenformin.", "content": "Pancreatitis and severe metabolic abnormalities in patients taking phenformin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013639"}
{"pmid": "1013653", "title": "A token economy program for chronic schizophrenic patients.", "content": "A token economy program for chronic schizophrenic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013653"}
{"pmid": "1013662", "title": "An 8-year follow-up of FEV and respiratory symptoms in middle-aged men [proceedings].", "content": "An 8-year follow-up of FEV and respiratory symptoms in middle-aged men [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013662"}
{"pmid": "1013638", "title": "Effect of dopamine and isoproterenol on pulmonary vascular resistance.", "content": "Effect of dopamine and isoproterenol on pulmonary vascular resistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013638"}
{"pmid": "1013637", "title": "Residents' corner predisposition to infection and neutrophil function following hemorrhagic shock.", "content": "Residents' corner predisposition to infection and neutrophil function following hemorrhagic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013637"}
{"pmid": "1013667", "title": "New concepts and approaches to sudden cardiac death.", "content": "New concepts and approaches to sudden cardiac death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013667"}
{"pmid": "1013693", "title": "The problems of morbidity and therapy in borderline hypertension.", "content": "The problems of morbidity and therapy in borderline hypertension. The aim of the trial was to see whether it was possible to improve morbidity and mortality in both males and females with diastolic pressures between 90 and 109 mm Hg. The initial calculations suggested that it would be necessary to screen between 250-500,000 people to obtain 18-36,000 subjects. This was the number predicted to obtain a statistically significant end-point on current knowledge of morbidity and mortality in this age range. The initial aim was to mount a trial of feasibility with the following objectives: (1) To recruit up to 1000 adults of both sexes aged 35 to 64 years with diastolic pressures in the 90-109 mm Hg range. (2) To determine the acceptability of the trial to asymptomatic subjects as well as their physicians. (3) To show that selected drugs (bendrofluazide and propranolol) adequately control pressure without undue side-effects. (4) To assess the psychological effects of inclusion in the trial. (5) To examine the cost and efficiency of different types of recruitment and supervision. These objectives have now been largely achieved with over 1500 subjects in the study at 2 1/2 years and a drop-out rate of about 13% in all. It appears that the best method of recruitment and supervision is through family practices with supporting staff, particularly in the screening phase. Both the selected drugs reduce the blood pressure significantly and although the placebo groups also show a maintained fall of pressure, the difference from the treated groups is significant. There is no evidence of increased psychological stress by inclusion in the trial and those with psychological symptoms at the outset improve in comparison with their control subjects outside the trial. In order to reach an end-point which will give data of statistical significance, the trial should now be expanded as rapidly as possible towards the goal of recruiting 18-36,000 subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013693"}
{"pmid": "1013692", "title": "Abnormalities of autonomic nervous control in borderline hypertension.", "content": "Abnormalities of autonomic nervous control in borderline hypertension. The systemic hemodynamic was investigated in 145 young male patients with borderline hypertension and 85 control subjects. Response of the cardiac output, stroke volume and the heart rate to sequential parasympathetic, beta-adrenergic and alpha-adrenergic blockade was used for assessment of the autonomic nervous tone. These investigations suggest that the apparently \"innocent\" minimal blood pressure elevation in borderline hypertension is associated with a number of physiologic abnormalities: The cardiac output, heart rate and stroke volume can be elevated. In all patients the peripheral resistance is abnormal. An abnormal distribution of plasma renin values is detectable. The plasma volume is decreased in a proportion of patients. A number of these abnormalities can be explained by a neurogenic mechanism. The elevation of the cardiac output is entirely neurogenic. In a substantial minority of patients, the elevation of peripheral resistance is attributable to increased sympathetic drive. Indirect evidence indicates that the plasma renin elevation in borderline hypertension may also be neurogenic. Hypothetically the decreased plasma volume may stem from sympathetic effects on postcapillary vessels, but at the present there is no experimental evidence of support this view. The change in autonomic function in borderline hypertension involves both the sympathetic and parasympathetic efferents. Increased sympathetic stimulation is coupled with decrease parasympathetic inhibition. This points toward abnormal integration of the autonomic control, presumably in the medulla oblongata. The mechanism of the autonomic abnormality is not fully elucidated. The role of baroreceptors requires further investigation. In some patients the altered autonomic integration appears to be related to psychosomatic mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013692"}
{"pmid": "1013729", "title": "A study on ceramide monohexoside from AH 109A, a strain of ascitic tumor cell in Donryu rats.", "content": "A study on ceramide monohexoside from AH 109A, a strain of ascitic tumor cell in Donryu rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013729"}
{"pmid": "1013730", "title": "Bilateral catamenial pneumothorax.", "content": "Bilateral catamenial pneumothorax.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013730"}
{"pmid": "1013731", "title": "On the recent cases of middle lobe syndrome.", "content": "On the recent cases of middle lobe syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013731"}
{"pmid": "1013837", "title": "Liver injury: a modern day surgical challenge.", "content": "Liver injury: a modern day surgical challenge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013837"}
{"pmid": "1013838", "title": "Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm.", "content": "Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013838"}
{"pmid": "1013839", "title": "The early diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism.", "content": "The early diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013839"}
{"pmid": "1013840", "title": "The role of colonoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease.", "content": "The role of colonoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013840"}
{"pmid": "1013841", "title": "The adult respiratory distress syndrome.", "content": "The adult respiratory distress syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013841"}
{"pmid": "1013842", "title": "Non-absorbable cystic duct ligatures and common duct calculi.", "content": "Non-absorbable cystic duct ligatures and common duct calculi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013842"}
{"pmid": "1013843", "title": "Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the internal carotid artery.", "content": "Fibromuscular hyperplasia of the internal carotid artery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013843"}
{"pmid": "1013845", "title": "Case presentation from the combined meetings of the departments of pathology and surgery, University of of Cape Town. Malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland.", "content": "Case presentation from the combined meetings of the departments of pathology and surgery, University of of Cape Town. Malignant lymphoma of the parotid gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013845"}
{"pmid": "1013844", "title": "Fine needle cholangiography.", "content": "Fine needle cholangiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013844"}
{"pmid": "1013846", "title": "A sigh for psychiatry.", "content": "A sigh for psychiatry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013846"}
{"pmid": "1013848", "title": "False interpretation of fetal heart role monitoring in cases of intra-uterine death.", "content": "False interpretation of fetal heart role monitoring in cases of intra-uterine death. Spiral scalp electrodes were applied in 30 cases of diagnosed intra-uterine death during labour to establish different patterns caused by maternal fetal conduction of the ECG. In 10 cases the signal was of high quality and in 20 cases the signal was of low quality, but nevertheless spurious fetal heart rate recordings were produced. The maternal heart rate is interpreted as apparent \"fetal bradycardia\" in all cases but 1. Maternal heart rate accelerations, most of them occurring during uterine contractions, were demonstrated in 12 cases and decelerations in 3 cases. Changes in beat-to-beat variation were, however, rare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013848"}
{"pmid": "1013847", "title": "Abrupt fall in the fetal heart rate during labour.", "content": "Abrupt fall in the fetal heart rate during labour. Cardiotocograms of 6044 patients in labour were examined for evidence of an abrupt fall in the fetal heart 50 beats within 3 minutes, without a demonstration of signs of recovery in the following 2 minutes. Only 9 instances could be found -- an incidence of 0,15%. Umbilical cord entanglement possibly played a role in 6 of these instances, and 2 of the infants concerned were stillborn. Intra-uterine growth retardation was associated with deceleration in 3 infants, 1 of whom was stillborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013847"}
{"pmid": "1013851", "title": "The differential enlargement of the neurocranium in the full-term fetus.", "content": "The differential enlargement of the neurocranium in the full-term fetus. There is a wide range of variation in the cephalic index in the full-term fetus. The index rises as birth weight increases. The correlation between birth weight and the cephalic index is significant (r = 0,65) at the 0,05 level. Increasing neurocranial size is associated with differential growth of the dimensions which determine endocranial capacity. A higher cephalic index is achieved by a disproportionately large increase in the biparietal diameter relative to the occipitofrontal dimension. This results in a more globular neurocranial form.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013851"}
{"pmid": "1013852", "title": "Delivery of Siamese twins by Caesarean section.", "content": "Delivery of Siamese twins by Caesarean section. The diagnosis of a pair of Siamese twins and their delivery by Caesarean section are described. A major cardiac anomaly precluded surgical separation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013852"}
{"pmid": "1013850", "title": "A comparison of the uterine beta2-adrenoreceptor selectivity of fenoterol, hexoprenaline, ritodrine and salbutamol.", "content": "A comparison of the uterine beta2-adrenoreceptor selectivity of fenoterol, hexoprenaline, ritodrine and salbutamol. A study was undertaken to compare the uterine beta2-adrenoreceptor selectivity of fenoterol, hexoprenaline, ritodrine and salbutamol. The drugs in doses having an equivalent effect on uterine activity, were randomly administered as an intravenous bolus to 10 patients who had been induced at term. The cardiovascular and uterine effects of the drugs were recorded. The rise in maternal pulse rate was significantly less (P less than 0,001) after the administration of hexoprenaline when it was compared with fenoterol, ritodrine, and salbutamol. Hexoprenaline proved to be the most chronotropically beta2-selective drug, having the least effect on the beta1-adrenoreceptors of the heart, for an equivalent effect on the uterus. Blood pressure changes were less significantly different between the drugs. The clinical use in obstetrics of a highly beta2-selective sympathomimetic drug is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013850"}
{"pmid": "1013854", "title": "Facilities available in Cape Town for children with learning difficulties.", "content": "Facilities available in Cape Town for children with learning difficulties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013854"}
{"pmid": "1013855", "title": "New techniques in stapedectomy.", "content": "New techniques in stapedectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013855"}
{"pmid": "1013853", "title": "Effect of different pre-operative vaginal preparations on morbidity of patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.", "content": "Effect of different pre-operative vaginal preparations on morbidity of patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. Three methods of vaginal preparation carried out before abdominal hysterectomy are compared. The lowest post-operative morbidity was associated with the use of a povidone-iodine douche and gel during the pre-operative preparation of the patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013853"}
{"pmid": "1013856", "title": "Paget's disease of bone in South African Blacks.", "content": "Paget's disease of bone in South African Blacks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013856"}
{"pmid": "1013857", "title": "Neonatal and maternal cranial form.", "content": "Neonatal and maternal cranial form. The mean cephalic index (CI) in the normally grown full-term neonate is in the lower eighties. Because intra-uterine growth retardation causes a greater proportionate reduction in the biparietal than in the occipitofrontal diameter, the resultant CI is significantly lower (P less than 0,01) than in neonates who have grown normally. There is no significant correlation between maternal and neonatal cranial form as judged by the CI. In man, hereditary factors operate in the long period of postnatal growth and differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013857"}
{"pmid": "1013859", "title": "The diagnostic value of the tine and Mantoux tests in a general hospital.", "content": "The diagnostic value of the tine and Mantoux tests in a general hospital. Tine and Mantoux tuberculin tests were compared in 193 hospitalised White patients with a variety of illnesses. With the Mantoux test 52 (27%) were tuberculin-positive and 19 (9.8%) were positive with the tine test. Had the tine technique alone been used, 33 of 52 tuberculin reactors would have been missed. Additional findings were (i) a 73% positivity for Monilia antigen; (ii) the optimal time for reading the Mantoux tests was on the third, rather than the second day; (iii) tuberculin reactivity was not suppressed by either pyrexia or elevation of the sedimentation rate; and (iv) the use of avian PPD demonstrated very few reactors in this population. It is recommended that the tine test be replaced by the intradermal Mantoux test with stabilised freeze-dried PPD tuberculin supplied in test kits with diluent. This matter should be given high priorty in South African general hospital practice and population surveys.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013859"}
{"pmid": "1013858", "title": "Chronic granulomatous disease of childhood.", "content": "Chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. Two boys and one girl suffering from recurrent severe bacterial infections were investigated. All 3 exhibited normal cellular and humoral immunity, normal neutrophil phagocytic ability, and defective neutrophil bacterial capacity. The clinical features and laboratory findings in these patients are diagnostic of chronic granulomatous disease. A sex-linked inheritance pattern was confirmed in 1 patient by the demonstration of a heterozygous carrier state in the mother.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013858"}
{"pmid": "1013860", "title": "False aneurysm of the common carotid artery due to tuberculosis. A case report.", "content": "False aneurysm of the common carotid artery due to tuberculosis. A case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013860"}
{"pmid": "1013861", "title": "Surgical treatment of gallstone ileus.", "content": "Surgical treatment of gallstone ileus. Seven cases of gallstone ileus are presented. It is suggested that the mechanism of intestinal obstruction is not by progressive enlargement of the stone. Recurrent gallstone ileus is reviewed. At the time of the primary operation for the relief of the intestinal obstruction, the gallbladder should be palpated, if possible. When stones are palpable they should be removed by a cholecystostomy to prevent early recurrence of gallstone ileus. The decision to do further immediate surgery on the biliary tree depends on the condition of the patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013861"}
{"pmid": "1013863", "title": "Heparin prophylaxis in thrombo-embolic disease.", "content": "Heparin prophylaxis in thrombo-embolic disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013863"}
{"pmid": "1013864", "title": "The world's last case.", "content": "The world's last case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013864"}
{"pmid": "1013862", "title": "Some aspects of the hepatic metabolism of ethrane.", "content": "Some aspects of the hepatic metabolism of ethrane. From our studies of the rat we report observations on three aspects of the interaction of ethrane and liver. 1. Interaction of ethrane with cytochrome P450 in vitro. 2. The effect of ethrane administration on glutathione levels in vivo. 3. The effects of repeated ethrane administration in the absence and presence of microsomal enzymic induction on liver morphology. We conclude that ethrane has little or no propensity for damaging the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013862"}
{"pmid": "1013866", "title": "Does raw sugar cane juice protect against dental caries.", "content": "Does raw sugar cane juice protect against dental caries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013866"}
{"pmid": "1013867", "title": "Nasal septal perforations closed with a silastic button.", "content": "Nasal septal perforations closed with a silastic button.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013867"}
{"pmid": "1013869", "title": "The value of the postoperative temperature chart as an aid to the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.", "content": "The value of the postoperative temperature chart as an aid to the diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. Forty consecutive patients with an abnormal postoperative pyrexia were investigated for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). All 80 lower limbs were examined by means of Parks 801 or 806 Doppler ultrasound apparatus. Doppler findings were confirmed by ascending peripheral venography or by the 125I-fibrinogen uptake method, or by both methods, in all cases. DVT was present in 9 limbs (11%). In 89% of the limbs DVT was excluded. An abnormal postoperative pyrexial response, as defined in this text, is thus a poor sign of DVT. It should, however, not be ignored, as it was indicative of venous thrombosis in 15% of the patients in this study. Confirmation of DVT should be obtained wherever possible by ascending peripheral venography, Doppler ultrasound, or some other available method. The use of anticoagulants should be restricted to those patients in whom the diagnosis has been confirmed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013869"}
{"pmid": "1013872", "title": "Herpetic whitlow.", "content": "Herpetic whitlow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013872"}
{"pmid": "1013870", "title": "South African underwater diving accidents, 1969-1976.", "content": "South African underwater diving accidents, 1969-1976. Since 1969 a survey of diving accidents involving South African amateur divers was undertaken. The South African Underwater Union diving accident report form was used, and various State agents (SA Police and inquest courts) and individual divers and club instructors were questioned. This survey covers the period up to the end of June 1976. Data acquired during the 8-year period 1969 - 1976 are compared. A conservative estimate from the number of certificates issued to club divers indicates a 25% increase in diver population, while the number of fatilities has decreased from 0,1% in 1971 to 0,016% in 1976, indicating the importance of accident reporting in determining safety trends. In general, a change in pattern is observed during the last 4 years, showing more SCUBA than breath-hold fatalities. The formation of the Decompression Sickness and Diving Accidents Investigation Panel as a further measure to decrease fatal diving accidents is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013870"}
{"pmid": "1013874", "title": "Investigation of the health status of a representative population sample of one region in the CSSR, by medical examinations. Part II: Results and conclusions.", "content": "Investigation of the health status of a representative population sample of one region in the CSSR, by medical examinations. Part II: Results and conclusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013874"}
{"pmid": "1013873", "title": "Prospects of the development of the health protection in the U.S.S.R. during the Tenth Five-Year Plan.", "content": "Prospects of the development of the health protection in the U.S.S.R. during the Tenth Five-Year Plan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013873"}
{"pmid": "1013865", "title": "The new insignia.", "content": "The new insignia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013865"}
{"pmid": "1013871", "title": "Foot pigmentation in Blacks.", "content": "Foot pigmentation in Blacks. Pigmentation of the soles of the feet was studied during postmortem examination of 70 Black patients. Forty-eight (57%) showed some pigmentation (grade II) of the soles of the feet and 4 (6%) showed definite black spots, i.e. focal areas of dense black pigmentation (grade III). A distinction between clinical grade II or grade III lesions could not be made on the basis of microscopic appearance. No true naeyi were seen. Increases of melanin pigmentation and minor degrees of melanocytic proliferation were all that was apparent. Although the development of malignant melanoma may be related to the presence of black spots on the feet of darkly pigmented races, all such spots are certainly not naevi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013871"}
{"pmid": "1013876", "title": "Work consumption of physicians in the country district hospitals of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "content": "Work consumption of physicians in the country district hospitals of the Mongolian People's Republic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013876"}
{"pmid": "1013875", "title": "The importance of accepted standards of environmental hygiene for prevention of non-occupational diseases in workers.", "content": "The importance of accepted standards of environmental hygiene for prevention of non-occupational diseases in workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013875"}
{"pmid": "1013881", "title": "The attendances to physicians and morbidity in Poland (July 1967--June 1968). Part V: Respiratory diseases.", "content": "The attendances to physicians and morbidity in Poland (July 1967--June 1968). Part V: Respiratory diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013881"}
{"pmid": "1013882", "title": "A survey of ocular trauma.", "content": "A survey of ocular trauma. A four-year survey of all ocular trauma cases admitted to a large metropolitan eye hospital was conducted for the purpose of generally documenting ocular trauma and evaluating prophylactic, demographic and etiologic factors. Of 6254 eye admissions, 7.5% were for ocular trauma; hyphema was the most common diagnosis. Injuries were evaluated according to site, cause, and age, sex and race distribution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013882"}
{"pmid": "1013904", "title": "Reversibility and the age of an allele. I. Moran's infinitely many neutral alleles model.", "content": "Reversibility and the age of an allele. I. Moran's infinitely many neutral alleles model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013904"}
{"pmid": "1013905", "title": "Role of very slightly deleterious mutations in molecular evolution and polymorphism.", "content": "Role of very slightly deleterious mutations in molecular evolution and polymorphism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013905"}
{"pmid": "1013906", "title": "On the founder effect and the evolution of altruistic traits.", "content": "On the founder effect and the evolution of altruistic traits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013906"}
{"pmid": "1013907", "title": "Distribution of nucleotide differences between two randomly chosen cistrons in a subdivided population: the finite island model.", "content": "Distribution of nucleotide differences between two randomly chosen cistrons in a subdivided population: the finite island model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013907"}
{"pmid": "1013908", "title": "Alternatives to Lotka-Volterra competition: models of intermediate complexity.", "content": "Alternatives to Lotka-Volterra competition: models of intermediate complexity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013908"}
{"pmid": "1013909", "title": "A phenotypic symmetric selection model for three loci, two alleles: the case of tight linkage.", "content": "A phenotypic symmetric selection model for three loci, two alleles: the case of tight linkage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013909"}
{"pmid": "1013910", "title": "Phenotypic structure and bifurcation behavior of population models.", "content": "Phenotypic structure and bifurcation behavior of population models.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013910"}
{"pmid": "1013911", "title": "Loss of alleles in a haploid population with varying environment.", "content": "Loss of alleles in a haploid population with varying environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013911"}
{"pmid": "1013925", "title": "Clomiphene treatment in male subfertility.", "content": "Clomiphene treatment in male subfertility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013925"}
{"pmid": "1013926", "title": "Clinical and laboratory examinations with Prodectin.", "content": "Clinical and laboratory examinations with Prodectin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013926"}
{"pmid": "1013927", "title": "Immunochemical examinations in monoclonal gammopathies: anachronism or perspective of immunological research?", "content": "Immunochemical examinations in monoclonal gammopathies: anachronism or perspective of immunological research?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013927"}
{"pmid": "1013928", "title": "Report on observations of 840 cardiac infarction patients treated at the coronary care unit.", "content": "Report on observations of 840 cardiac infarction patients treated at the coronary care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013928"}
{"pmid": "1013929", "title": "Combined vessel injuring action of adjuvant arthritis and cholesterol feeding. I. A new method for producing experimental atherosclerosis in rats.", "content": "Combined vessel injuring action of adjuvant arthritis and cholesterol feeding. I. A new method for producing experimental atherosclerosis in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013929"}
{"pmid": "1013930", "title": "Combined vessel injuring action of adjuvant arthritis and cholesterol feeding. II. The influence of different types of drugs on the new model of experimental atherosclerosis.", "content": "Combined vessel injuring action of adjuvant arthritis and cholesterol feeding. II. The influence of different types of drugs on the new model of experimental atherosclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013930"}
{"pmid": "1013931", "title": "Treatment of vaginal candidiases and associated trichomonas infections with Klion-D.", "content": "Treatment of vaginal candidiases and associated trichomonas infections with Klion-D.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013931"}
{"pmid": "1013932", "title": "Clostilbegyt in the treatment of secondary amenorrhoea due to functional infertility and ovulation inhibition.", "content": "Clostilbegyt in the treatment of secondary amenorrhoea due to functional infertility and ovulation inhibition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013932"}
{"pmid": "1013933", "title": "Aspirated foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree: report of 250 cases.", "content": "Aspirated foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree: report of 250 cases. During the last 14 years, 250 patients with aspirated foreign bodies in the tracheobronchial tree were admitted to Kuwait Chest Diseases Hospital. Ninety-six per cent of the cases were under 10 years of age and 38% gave a clear history of foreign body inhalation. The rest were diagnosed either clinically, from the chest radiograph findings or because of unexplained pulmonary symptoms. In 247 cases, bronchoscopy under general anaesthesia was successful in removing the foreign bodies. In only three cases was bronchotomy needed. Seventy per cent of the foreign bodies were melon seeds. Asphyxia and cardiac arrest occurred in four cases during bronchoscopy but the patients were successfully resuscitated. In 10 cases a tracheostomy was done before bronchoscopy and the removal of the foreign body, while in five it was needed after bronchoscopy. Fifteen patients developed late complications such as recurrent pneumonia or atelectasis of the lung. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment are essential to prevent pulmonary and cardiac complications and to avoid radical lung surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013933"}
{"pmid": "1013934", "title": "Bronchial carcinoma in patients with pre-existing unilateral lung disease.", "content": "Bronchial carcinoma in patients with pre-existing unilateral lung disease. Forty-six cases of primary bronchogenic carcinoma occurring in patients with other unilateral pleuropulmonary diseases were studied. In 37 cases (80-4%) carcinoma developed in the previously healthy lung. All but one squamous-cell carcinoma and all of five undifferentiated small-cell carcinomas developed in the previously healthy lung while 7 of 15 adenocarcinomas were in the lung with impaired ventilation. It is suggested that the bronchial epithelium of the healthy lung is more exposed to exogenous carcinogens than that of the diseased, underventilated lung, resulting in a higher risk of development of squamous-cell and undifferentiated small-cell carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013934"}
{"pmid": "1013935", "title": "Refractory pneumothorax treated by parietal pleurolysis.", "content": "Refractory pneumothorax treated by parietal pleurolysis. Pneumothorax, persisting in spite of efficient drainage, may in some cases be caused by discrepancy between lung volume and size of the pleural cavity. The logical treatment is reduction of the pleural cavity simultaneously with a traditional surgical procedure on the pulmonary tissue. An increasing number of refractory pneumothoraces--both spontaneous and istrogenic--is probably due to the fact that more people are living with and suffer the sequelae of pulmonary disease. During a 15-year survey a parietal pleurolysis, tailored to fit the size and shape of the lung, was performed in 10 patients as the main surgical procedure in 100 thoracotomies for 1130 cases of spontaneous and 62 cases of iatrogenic pneumothorax. The results were encouraging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013935"}
{"pmid": "1013936", "title": "A manometric assessment of oesophagogastrostomy.", "content": "A manometric assessment of oesophagogastrostomy. Intraluminal pressures were recorded in 14 patients who had undergone oesophagogastrectomy. Seven of these had a mid-thoracic and seven a high cervical oesophagogastrostomy. The incidence of postoperative reflux complications in each group was noted. No pressure gradient across the anastomosis was detected in any patient but the upper oesophageal sphincter was shown to be retained as a functioning unit in all cases. It is considered that the thoracic anastomosis provides no demonstrable barrier to reflux. In addition, a high cervical oesophagogastrostomy does not adversely affect the upper oesophageal sphincter. The wider application of this latter procedure may be associated with a decreased incidence of postoperative reflux complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013936"}
{"pmid": "1013937", "title": "Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract and its association with lupus pernio.", "content": "Sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract and its association with lupus pernio. In a series of 34 patients with sarcoidosis affecting the upper respiratory tract and nose, 26 had lupus pernio (LP) and 17 had sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract (SURT). In nine patients these features coexisted. A patient presenting with SURT carried a 50% risk of developing LP although one feature could be present without the other. Both were disorders of women of the child-bearing years of life. SURT, like LP, was an indicator of chronic fibrotic sarcoidosis, developing insidiously and progressing indolently over the years. It was complicated by ulceration, septal perforation, and LP. Three patients had nasal septal perforations, in two instances following submucous resection. This operation is contraindicated in patients with active sarcoidosis, particularly when granulomas are found on nasal biopsy. The Kveim-Siltzbach skin test was positive in all patients with SURT, making it invaluable in the differential diagnosis of granuloma of the nasal cavity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013937"}
{"pmid": "1013938", "title": "Respiratory mechanics in airways obstruction associated with inspiratory dyspnoea.", "content": "Respiratory mechanics in airways obstruction associated with inspiratory dyspnoea. Inspiratory muscle strength and the flow and elastic pressure opposing inspiration were measured in seven patients with severe airways obstruction who found inspiration difficult at rest. A comparison was made of measurements obtained from seven normal subjects and five patients with airways obstruction not experiencing inspiratory dyspnoea at rest. Measurements were also obtained when inspiratory dyspnoea was induced in the normal subjects by adding an inspiratory resistance or by voluntarily increasing lung volume. Compared with the controls the inspiratory muscle strength of the patients was reduced but was not significantly less than that of the patients without inspiratory dyspnoea. The pressure required to produce inspiratory flow was significantly greater when inspiratory dyspnoea was present (P = 0-01). However, there was considerable overlap in the pressures of those with and without inspiratory dyspnoea. A better relationship was obtained when muscle strength was considered. The ratio of inspiratory muscle strength to the pressure required to produce flow was 0-24 +/- 0-07 (mean +/- SD) in patient with inspiratory dyspnoea, 0-10 +/- 0-03 in patients without inspiratory dyspnoea, and 0-033 +/- 0-019 in normal subjects. There was no overlap between the two patient groups. The ratios of the normal subjects were increased when inspiratory dyspnoea was induced and, with the exception of two cases, were all above those obtained when inspiratory dyspnoea was absent. Inspiratory dyspnoea was experienced with lower ratios in the normals than in the patients with airways obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013938"}
{"pmid": "1013939", "title": "Particle deposition in the trachea: in vivo and in hollow casts.", "content": "Particle deposition in the trachea: in vivo and in hollow casts. The pattern of deposition within the respiratory tract of potentially harmful particulates is a major factor in assessing any risk from individual and community exposures. Although the trachea is the most easily observed of the conductive airways, very little information concerning its particle collection characteristics is available, information which is essential for a complete and realistic description of particle deposition patterns within the entire respiratory tract. Data on tracheal deposition are also needed for development of accurate predictive models for particle deposition. The pattern of particle deposition in the trachea, and its relation to air flow, was studied in a hollow cast of the human larynx-tracheobronchial tree. Results were compared with data obtained in humans in vivo and from previous studies in hollow casts. In addition, the relevance of tracheal deposition in the hollow cast test system to deposition in vivo was examined by a direct comparison of deposition in a cast prepared from the lungs of donkeys previously studied in a series of in vivo tests. The disturbance of the air flow within the trachea caused by the larynx promoted the deposition of suspended particulates throughout the length of the trachea, and especially in proximal regions. This proximal deposition was due both to direct impaction from the air jet coming from the glottis and to effects of the tubulent flow. Turbulence produced inhomogenous deposition patterns within the trachea for particles of all sizes, although its effect was more pronounced as size decreased. Tracheal deposition in the human cast was within the range of normal in vivo tracheal depostion only when a larynx was used during cast test exposures; this emphasizes the need for the use of realistic experimental test systems for the study of particle deposition patterns. The relative patterns of deposition in casts of the donkey trachea and in the same tracheas in vivo were similar.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013939"}
{"pmid": "1013940", "title": "Pattern of total and regional lung function in subjects with bronchoconstriction induced by 15-me PGF2 alpha.", "content": "Pattern of total and regional lung function in subjects with bronchoconstriction induced by 15-me PGF2 alpha. Closing volume (single breath nitrogen test), regional ventilation and perfusion (using intravenous xenon-133), and total lung function (TLC, VC, and FEV) were measured before and after intramuscular administration of 250 mug 15-methyl prostaglandin F2alpha (15-me PGF2alpha) in 10 healthy women. The cardiac output was measured with the Minnesota impedance cardiograph model 304A and the transthoracic impedance was used as an expression of the thoracic fluid volume. The slope of the alveolar plateau on the closing volume tracing showed a 271% increase 20 minutes after the prostaglandin administration, at which time the closing volume per cent (CV%) had decreased (P less than 0-01) and the closing capacity (CC%) had increased (P less than 0-05). Vital capacity (VC) decreased (P less than 0-01), residual volume (RV) increased (P less than 0-01), and the total lung capacity (TLC) remained unchanged. The maximal decrease (9%) in FEV1 was seen after 20 minutes. All these measurements except the slope of the alveolar plateau returned to control levels after 60 minutes. The redistribution of regional ventilation was more pronounced than that of the regional pulmonary blood flow. No change was observed in cardiac output and transthoracic impedance. None of the patients experienced any dyspnoea. Our results are consistent with a more pronounced effect of prostaglandin F2alpha on the small airways (the alveolar plateau) than on the larger airways (FEV1). In cases where an increase in the slope of the alveolar plateau is observed, the closing volume per cent should not be used as a measurement of the lung disease. It is concluded that the single breath nitrogen test (N2 closing volume) is more sensitive than the conventional tests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013940"}
{"pmid": "1013942", "title": "Degradation of porstaglandin F2alpha in the human pulmonary circulation.", "content": "Degradation of porstaglandin F2alpha in the human pulmonary circulation. Degradation of prostaglandins (PGs) during passage through the human pulmonary circulation was investigated by measuring the transpulmonary plasma PGF2 alpha difference during continuous intravenous infusion of PGF2 alpha (5-10 mug/min). Seven patients with cardiological disorders and two patients with extensive pulmonary abnormalities were investigated during diagnostic cardiac catheterization. PGF2 alpha levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. The seven cardiac patients were found to have transpulmonary PGF2 alpha differences of 47-88%, indicating metabolism of the PG in the lungs. A patient with extensive bronchiectasis had an apparently normal transpulmonary PGF2alpha difference despite gross abnormalities in routine lung function tests. A patient with primary pulmonary arterial hypertension showed no metabolism of PGF2alpha in the pulmonary circulation. The results show that PG degradation is an aspect of normal lung function and suggest that it becomes imparied when extensive pulmonary vascular damage exists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013942"}
{"pmid": "1013941", "title": "Aspects of serum and sputum antibody in chronic airways obstruction.", "content": "Aspects of serum and sputum antibody in chronic airways obstruction. Immunoglobulin levels and precipitating antibody against a range of microbial antigens were measured in simultaneously collected serum and sputum samples from patients with chronic bronchitis (11), cystic fibrosis (9), bronchiectasis (9), and asthma (4). Sputum was prepared by dialysis and high-speed centrifugation methods. Results showed that it was possible to detect precipitating antibody in the sputum, and the rate was increased when both methods were used. A discrepancy was noted between the detection rate in the sputum and serum. This, combined with the lack of correlation between sputum and serum immunoglobulins, lack of relationship between bronchial inflammation and sputum immunoglobulins, and the lack of IgM in the sputum suggested that the antibody and immunoglobulin were locally produced. Sputum IgA (7S) in patients with chronic bronchitis was significantly lower (P less than 0-05) than that found in patients with cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis. Significant differences (P less than 0-05) were also noted in serum IgG levels between patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis while serum IgM levels in patients with chronic bronchitis were significantly lower (P less than 0-05) when compared to serum levels in patients with cystic fibrosis. The presence of precipitating antibody in the sputum raises the possibility that type III reactions may be important in the pathogenesis of these conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013941"}
{"pmid": "1013943", "title": "Histamine levels in plasma, blood, and urine in severe asthma, and the effect of corticosteroid treatment.", "content": "Histamine levels in plasma, blood, and urine in severe asthma, and the effect of corticosteroid treatment. Plasma, whole blood, and urinary histamine levels have been determined in 64 normal subjects, in 10 patients with severe asthma, and in 10 control patients with other illnesses. The mean whole blood levels did not differ between the three groups. The mean plasma level in the asthmatics was significantly greater than that of the normal subjects but not of the control patients. The urinary histamine output was lower in the control patients than in the normal subjects but in the asthmatics did not differ from that of the normals. Corticosteroid therapy caused a marked fall, often to barely detectable levels, of the whole blood histamine concentration of the asthmatic patients and restored the plasma levels to normal but did not affect urinary histamine levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013943"}
{"pmid": "1013944", "title": "Transitory cerebral microvascular blockade after cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Transitory cerebral microvascular blockade after cardiopulmonary bypass. Dogs were submitted to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) carried out under conditions calculated to generate large numbers of microbubbles and microemboli. On the day following the procedure the dogs showed evidence of neurological damage including impaired consciousness and ataxia. These abnormalities largely cleared within a week. When the animals were sacrificed at intervals after the procedure, the cerebral microvasculature was demonstrated by injecting a suspension a lamp black into the carotid artery. This revealed that multiple filling defects were present in the microcirculation of the brain immmediately after CPB and for two days thereafter. However, by seven days the microvascular blockade had disappeared, and the vascular blockade had disappeared, and the vascular pattern of the brain had returned to normal. Neuropathological findings were sparse and restricted to the cerebellum. This study suggests that the transient neurological syndromes that sometimes follow cardiopulmonary bypass for heart surgery may be due to a transient microvascular blockade, perhaps by microbubbles and microparticles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013944"}
{"pmid": "1013945", "title": "Surface ultrastructure of silicone rubber aortic valve poppetts after long-term implantation. A scanning electron microscope study of four poppets.", "content": "Surface ultrastructure of silicone rubber aortic valve poppetts after long-term implantation. A scanning electron microscope study of four poppets. The surface ultrastructure, demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy, is described in four implanted Silastic aortic valve poppets. Ball variance was discovered at necropsy in two patients and clinically in one in whom the poppet was replaced. The fourth patient underwent reoperation, but ball variance was neither suspected nor found. All four poppets were densely coated with biological debris and microthrombi. The 'coat' was soluble in a weak solution of sodium hydroxide. The true Silastic surface beneath the coat was little altered compared with unimplanted poppets, even after 10 years' implantation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013945"}
{"pmid": "1013946", "title": "Degenerative changes in aortic root allografts placed in the right ventricular outflow tract of growing puppies.", "content": "Degenerative changes in aortic root allografts placed in the right ventricular outflow tract of growing puppies. Differently prepared aortic root allografts were implanted in the right ventricular outflow tract of growing puppies to determine the site of origin and progress of degenerative changes in these conduits. The three preparations assessed were as follows: group A, fresh and sterile grafts; group B, antibiotic sterilized grafts in nutrient medium; and group C, beta-propiolactone sterilized grafts. Although calcification of the aortic wall occurred in all groups, the aortic leaflets were minimally affected. A correlation between viability and lack of calcification and between viability and long-term function is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013946"}
{"pmid": "1013947", "title": "Symptomatic mitral myxomatous transformation in the elderly.", "content": "Symptomatic mitral myxomatous transformation in the elderly. The clinical and pathological features of four patients with intractable heart failure, due to myxomatous change in the mitral valve, are described. It is suggested that this change may represent a response of ageing connective tissue to mechanical stress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013947"}
{"pmid": "1013948", "title": "Fragile lung in the Marfan syndrome.", "content": "Fragile lung in the Marfan syndrome. Two cases of the Marfan syndrome presented with spontaneous pneumothorax. Both had chest radiographs showing bilateral bullae in the upper lung zones and pulmonary function tests consistent with mild emphysema. There were dereases in forced expiratory flow rates at low lung volumes, carbon monoxide transfer factor, and lung elastic recoil. It is suggested that pneumothorax and bullous emphysema in this syndrome are caused by a weakness in the pulmonary connective tissue framework.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013948"}
{"pmid": "1013949", "title": "Pulmonary blastoma: a report of two cases and a review of the literature.", "content": "Pulmonary blastoma: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. Pulmonary blastoma is the rarest malignant tumour of the lung. Two more cases are reported and the literature is reviewed. The first case, a woman, is the longest recorded survivor. An examination of all the reported cases shows that the tumour is less common and less agressive in women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013949"}
{"pmid": "1013950", "title": "A large intrathoracic parathyroid adenoma.", "content": "A large intrathoracic parathyroid adenoma. A case is described in which an unusually large parathyroid adenoma was visible on the plain chest radiograph taken during the investigation of hypercalcaemia. This was diagnosed preoperatively and a scheme is suggested whereby such a disgnosis can now readily be made. The differential diagnosis is discussed ant the literature is reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013950"}
{"pmid": "1013970", "title": "Necrosis of a pulmonary lobe in a dog.", "content": "Necrosis of a pulmonary lobe in a dog. A six-year old female pug had very severe dysponea. A radiographic opacity was observed in the right cranial area of the thorax. After thoracotomy, the cranial lobe of the lung was removed. Microscopic examination revealed necrosis of the lung and vacular thrombosis. The possibility of a torsion of the affected lobe is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013970"}
{"pmid": "1013971", "title": "The relation between sperm quality and the effect of ouabain on the motility of spermatozoa.", "content": "The relation between sperm quality and the effect of ouabain on the motility of spermatozoa. This paper reports the results of an investigation into the effect of ouabain on spermatozoa which have suffered from aging, sudden changes in temperature and deep-freezing. Normal spermatozoa of different boars under standard conditions show an evident variation in ouabain sensitivity. A definite relation could be established between the fertility of the semen of a boar and the ouabain sensitivity of this semen. Spermatozoa exposed to aging, sudden temperature changes or deep-freezing, showed a greater sensitivity for 10(-3)M ouabain than corresponding controls. We concluded that factors which are harmful to membrane quality of spermatozoa can be revealed by exposing them to ouabain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013971"}
{"pmid": "1013973", "title": "The effect of storage at 4 degrees C on antibiotic residues in kidney and meat tissues of dairy cows.", "content": "The effect of storage at 4 degrees C on antibiotic residues in kidney and meat tissues of dairy cows. A method is described for the quantitative assay of antibiotic residues in the body of slaughtered farm animals by means of 3 types of agar media and 3 test organisms. With the help of programmed calculation procedures, data from large-scale tests for antibiotic residues could be analyzed accurately and rapidly. The concentrations of penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxycillin, cloxacillin, cephapirin, cephacetrile, neomycin, kanamycin, and oxytetracycline in the kidney, and also of tylosin in meat from the diaphragm muscle of cattle treated parenterally with these antibiotics were measured periodically in samples kept at 4 degrees C for up to 7 days after slaughter. The concentrations of penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxycillin and the cephalosporins in the kidney decreased rapidly upon storage whereas the levels of the other antibiotics remained essentially unchanged. Antibiotic stability in the meat was considerably greater than in the kidney upon storage for 4 days, and neomycin meat tissue levels were not reduced during storage for up to 144 hours. Results are discussed in relation to the conduct of the official qualitative Sarcina lutea Kidney Test and the most desirable procedure for preparing meat samples for assay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013973"}
{"pmid": "1013972", "title": "Use of the lysozyme test in the diagnosis of kerato-conjuctivitis sicca in dogs and cats.", "content": "Use of the lysozyme test in the diagnosis of kerato-conjuctivitis sicca in dogs and cats. Comparative studies of the lysozyme test (LT) and the Schirmer tear test (STT) revealed that the LT was not reliable in the diagnosis of kerato-conjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in dogs and cats. This is in contrast to its successful use in human patients. No M. lysodeikticus lysating substrates were detectable in the tear fluid of the normal cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013972"}
{"pmid": "1013974", "title": "Some steroids in the blood of mares suffering from endometritis and post-partum mares as compared to normal cycling mares.", "content": "Some steroids in the blood of mares suffering from endometritis and post-partum mares as compared to normal cycling mares. It appeared that in mares suffering from endometritis the concentrations of pregnenolone, of the compound \"5.4\", and of progesterone in the blood during the first 2 days of the heat period were significantly higher than in normal cycling mares, in which the concentrations of all steroids were less than or equal to 1 ng/ml. In five endometritis mares the \"5.4\" and progesterone concentrations decreased after the first days of the heat period, and at about two days before ovulation the values were comparable to those of normal cycling mares. Eight mares suffering from a severe endometritis did not ovulate, their oestrous period was prolonged, and the follicles became atretic. Possibly the relatively high progesterone content found in these mares, caused the reduction of the follicular growth, and this might explain the prolonged oestrous period which is observed in many mares suffering from endometritis. Often we observed in post-partum mares the same changes in concentration as in endometritis mares. An elevated level of these steroids was sometimes found in the blood a few days after foaling and, in four of eight post-partum mares, during the foal heat. Most probably this was caused by infection or stimulation of the uterus. The hypothesis is advanced that progesterone originating in the uterus can influence ovarian activity and that it may be one of the factors responsible for the anoestrous periods which can occur in mares with endometritis and in post-partum mares.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013974"}
{"pmid": "1013991", "title": "Human enterokinase.", "content": "Human enterokinase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013991"}
{"pmid": "1013996", "title": "Effects of varying pacemaker sites on left ventricular performance.", "content": "Effects of varying pacemaker sites on left ventricular performance. The hemodynamic effects of the site of the artificial cardiac stimulation were studied in 17 open chest dogs. The right atrium and five ventricular sites (the inflow and outflow tracts and apex of the right ventricle, apex and lateral wall of the left ventricle) were stimulated electronically at a given rate, ranging from 130 to 190 per min. When cardiac performance during ventricular pacing was compared with those during right atrial pacing, the former uniformly caused a diminution of cardiac output and systemic blood pressure, without reduction of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Ventricular function curves, in which left ventricular stroke work was related to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, shifted downwards and to the right during ventricular pacing. Stimulation frequency did not alter these variables. It was considered that the left ventricular dysfunction in ventricular pacing resulted from the absence of atrial contribution to ventricular filling, mitral regurgitation present and asynchronous ventricular contraction. No significant difference of cardiac performance was demonstrated by changing the site of ventricular pacing, suggesting that the mode of ventricular depolarization itself was not relevant to a decrease in cardiac performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013996"}
{"pmid": "1013997", "title": "Combined liver-spleen-kidney scintigraphy and subsequent subtraction of the kidney scintiphotograph in the evaluation of displaced kidney.", "content": "Combined liver-spleen-kidney scintigraphy and subsequent subtraction of the kidney scintiphotograph in the evaluation of displaced kidney. The displacement of kidney was studied by using the combined liver-spleen-kidney scintigraphy and the subsequent subtraction of the kidney scintiphotograph to leave the liver-spleen scintiphotograph alone. A suprarenal mass was shown as cold spot between the liver and right kidney on the combined study. When the liver scintiphotograph and kidney scintiphotograph were over-lapped and the differential diagnosis was difficult, the subsequent subtraction of the kidney scintiphotograph was useful in the diagnosis of the enlarged liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013997"}
{"pmid": "1013998", "title": "Change of serum IgE concentration in asthmatic attack.", "content": "Change of serum IgE concentration in asthmatic attack. Thirty-two patients with clinical diagnosis of bronchial asthma were evaluated. Serum IgE levels, measured by the Phadebas IgE test, were clearly increased in the patients with asthmatic attack compared with those without asthmatic attack. When the patients were grouped according to the clinical grading of severity of asthmatic attack, the levels showed the significant elevation in proportion to the intensity of asthmatic attack and were higher in the group of severe attack or moderately severe attack than in the group of mild attack. When the serial determination of serum IgE concentration was performed during the clinical course of the patients, a high correlation was observed between the levels and the intensity of asthmatic attack.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013998"}
{"pmid": "1013999", "title": "Histopathological findings of the ovaries in anovulatory women.", "content": "Histopathological findings of the ovaries in anovulatory women. Wedge resection of the ovary was carried out in 45 anovulatory women to study the correlation between the degree of disturbance of ovulation and the histopathological findings. Polycystic ovary was always found in patients with anovulatory cycles. The ovaries in grade 1 amenorrhea showing withdrawal bleeding in response to gestagen alone belonged to the nonspecific type, polycystic type and sclerotic type. These histological changes were relatively mild in many cases. The ovaries in grade 2 amenorrhea showing withdrawal bleeding in response to estrogen and gestagen but not to gestagen alone belonged to the non-specific type, polycystic type, sclerotic type, atrophic type and streak type. Even within the same histological entity, the histological findings of the ovaries were more pronounced in grade 2 amenorrhea than in grade 1 amenorrhea. The patients with primary amenorrhea had only hypoplastic and aplastic ovaries with marked histological abnormalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1013999"}
{"pmid": "1014000", "title": "Biological characteristics of breast cancer in obesity.", "content": "Biological characteristics of breast cancer in obesity. Biological characteristics of breast cancer in obese patients were investigated in comparison with non-obese patients. 134 patients with breast cancer were divided into three categories; thin, normal and obese based upon the height and weight. Five-year survival rate was 55.6% in the obese patients, whereas it was 79.9% in the non-obese patients including thin and normal subjects. A cause for unfavorable prognosis in the obese patients with breast cancer was clinically and histologically investigated. It was found that in the obese patients primary tumor, regional lymph node engorgement and clinical stage were relatively advanced, scirrhous carcinoma was predominant ( 46%), tumor margin was more infiltrattive (gamma type 64%), the incidence of vascular involvement was high (73%), lymph node metastasis was also frequent (58%) and nuclear grade was low.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014000"}
{"pmid": "1014001", "title": "Biotransformation of methylmercury in vitro.", "content": "Biotransformation of methylmercury in vitro. Inorganic mercury formation from methylmercury by the mouse liver and kidney was studied in vitro. With chopped liver or kidney, inorganic mercury was formed from added methylmercury, but when the tissue was homogenized, the activity was diminished. Equimolar addition of selenium had no effect on the reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014001"}
{"pmid": "1014002", "title": "Extraction of erythrocyte membrane proteins by sulfhydryl inhibitors.", "content": "Extraction of erythrocyte membrane proteins by sulfhydryl inhibitors. Human red cell membrane proteins were extracted by incubation of the ghost with hypotonic phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), N-ethylmaleimide and p-hydroxy-mercuribenzoate. In paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and hereditary elliptocytosis, the amount of proteins extracted by these procedures was significantly less than the amount extractable from the ghost of normal and aplastic anemia red cells. Polypeptide patterns of red cell membranes in these hematological disorders were essentially similar to those of normal ghosts. Analysis of the supernatant by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that this reduction was mainly due to the reduced amount of peripheral proteins extracted. The extraction of peripheral proteins by sulfhydryl reagents was accompanied by shape changes resulting in the formation of membrane vesicles, suggesting an important role of peripheral proteins in the maintenance of ghost shape. It is also suggested that qualitative abnormalities of peripheral proteins such as altered reactivity to sulfhydryl reagents and/or strong binding to the membrane are present in PNH, HS and hereditary elliptocytosis red cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014002"}
{"pmid": "1014004", "title": "Glial and capillary density of the pontine white matter in swelling and atrophy.", "content": "Glial and capillary density of the pontine white matter in swelling and atrophy. A total of 48 autopsied brains were morphometrically examined for the relation between pontine geometry and structural parameters. In each case, the numerical density of neuroglial cells Nv(G) and the linear density of capillary network Lv(C) of the pontine white matter were determined stereologically from the counts of glial nuclear profiles and capillary transections per constant area of a histological section with a constant thickness. It was revealed that in general the glial numerical density increased with advancing atrophy and decreased with increasing swelling, whereas the capillary linear density remained fairly constant especially in the advanced stage of brain swelling. Further analysis of this relation using a model of pontine geometry has made it clear that the total capillary length in the swollen white matter increases probably at the expense of the capillary caliber as swelling advances. The changes in the ratio Lv(C)/Nv(G) under pathological conditions are emphasized and possible utility of classifying stages of acute brain swelling from a viewpoint of microvascular dimension is suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014004"}
{"pmid": "1014003", "title": "Determination of intrapenial blood volume using 99mTc-labeled autologous red blood cells.", "content": "Determination of intrapenial blood volume using 99mTc-labeled autologous red blood cells. In 17 impotent patients, radioisotope penography was performed using 99mTc-red blood cells (the patient's own red blood cells labeled with 99mTc) for the quantitative analysis of intrapenial blood volume. A visual sexual stimulation (VSS) was given to the patient after injecting the 99mTc-red blood cells. Patients showing a complete erection had their intrapenial blood volumes 4.2-11.2 times greater than before VSS (mean increase, 8.0 times). In cases of incomplete erection after VSS the intrapenial blood volumes were 3.3-7.0 times greater than before VSS (mean increase, 4.9 times). In cases showing a gentle rise in their penogram curves without evidence of an erection, intrapenial blood volumes after VSS were 2.0-3.3 times those before VSS (mean increaae, 2.9 times). By contrast, in cases showing no response to the VSS or no rise in penogram curve, post-VSS increases in intrapenial pool of blood were very slight, slight, only 1.4-1.7 times the original volume of blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014003"}
{"pmid": "1014006", "title": "A slide rule developed for the performance approximation of the copper kettle vaporizer. (2) Addition of scales for new anesthetic agents.", "content": "A slide rule developed for the performance approximation of the copper kettle vaporizer. (2) Addition of scales for new anesthetic agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014006"}
{"pmid": "1014007", "title": "Anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system in choledochal cyst.", "content": "Anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system in choledochal cyst.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014007"}
{"pmid": "1014008", "title": "Surgical results of cervical spondylotic radiculomyelopathy observed for more than five years.", "content": "Surgical results of cervical spondylotic radiculomyelopathy observed for more than five years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014008"}
{"pmid": "1014009", "title": "Effects of prolonged perfusion time on the isolated perfused rat heart.", "content": "Effects of prolonged perfusion time on the isolated perfused rat heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014009"}
{"pmid": "1014010", "title": "Body burden of hexachlorobenzene and its effects on some esterases in tissues of young male rats.", "content": "Body burden of hexachlorobenzene and its effects on some esterases in tissues of young male rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014010"}
{"pmid": "1014011", "title": "Teratogenicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in CF-1 mice.", "content": "Teratogenicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in CF-1 mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014011"}
{"pmid": "1014012", "title": "The nephrotoxic effects of cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (II) (NSC-119875) in male F344 rats.", "content": "The nephrotoxic effects of cis-diammine-dichloroplatinum (II) (NSC-119875) in male F344 rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014012"}
{"pmid": "1014013", "title": "Prevention of praseodymium-induced hepatotoxicity by silybin.", "content": "Prevention of praseodymium-induced hepatotoxicity by silybin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014013"}
{"pmid": "1014014", "title": "Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on a toxic dose of acetaminophen in the mouse.", "content": "Effect of acetylsalicylic acid on a toxic dose of acetaminophen in the mouse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014014"}
{"pmid": "1014015", "title": "Kinetics of cadmium transport in the isolated perfused rat liver.", "content": "Kinetics of cadmium transport in the isolated perfused rat liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014015"}
{"pmid": "1014016", "title": "In vitro analysis of 2,2-bis(p-chloropheny) acetic acid (DDA) handling by rat kidney and liver.", "content": "In vitro analysis of 2,2-bis(p-chloropheny) acetic acid (DDA) handling by rat kidney and liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014016"}
{"pmid": "1014017", "title": "Acute cardiovascular effects of intravenous methanol in the anesthetized dog.", "content": "Acute cardiovascular effects of intravenous methanol in the anesthetized dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014017"}
{"pmid": "1014018", "title": "1,4-Dioxane and beta-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid excretion in urine of humans exposed to dioxane vapors.", "content": "1,4-Dioxane and beta-hydroxyethoxyacetic acid excretion in urine of humans exposed to dioxane vapors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014018"}
{"pmid": "1014019", "title": "Species variation in response to dimethylhydrazine.", "content": "Species variation in response to dimethylhydrazine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014019"}
{"pmid": "1014020", "title": "Immunochemical studies on cobra venom toxins [proceedings].", "content": "Immunochemical studies on cobra venom toxins [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014020"}
{"pmid": "1014021", "title": "Phospholipase A2 of Formosan cobra venom [proceedings].", "content": "Phospholipase A2 of Formosan cobra venom [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014021"}
{"pmid": "1014022", "title": "Conformation of snake toxins [proceedings].", "content": "Conformation of snake toxins [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014022"}
{"pmid": "1014023", "title": "Studies on anticholinesterase principle from Formosan cobra venom [proceedings].", "content": "Studies on anticholinesterase principle from Formosan cobra venom [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014023"}
{"pmid": "1014024", "title": "Characterization of a thrombin-like enzyme from Crotalus adamanteus (Eastern diamondback rattlesnake) [proceedings].", "content": "Characterization of a thrombin-like enzyme from Crotalus adamanteus (Eastern diamondback rattlesnake) [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014024"}
{"pmid": "1014025", "title": "The effect of snake venoms on snake erythrocytes [proceedings].", "content": "The effect of snake venoms on snake erythrocytes [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014025"}
{"pmid": "1014026", "title": "Studies of the coagulant and anticoagulant principles of Formosan crotalid venoms [proceedings].", "content": "Studies of the coagulant and anticoagulant principles of Formosan crotalid venoms [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014026"}
{"pmid": "1014027", "title": "Mechanism of action of cobra cardiotoxin [proceedings].", "content": "Mechanism of action of cobra cardiotoxin [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014027"}
{"pmid": "1014028", "title": "The chemical synthesis of Taiwan cobra venom toxins [proceedings].", "content": "The chemical synthesis of Taiwan cobra venom toxins [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014028"}
{"pmid": "1014029", "title": "Structure and function of cobrotoxin [proceedings].", "content": "Structure and function of cobrotoxin [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014029"}
{"pmid": "1014030", "title": "On the nature of \"maculotoxin\", a toxin from the blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena maculosa).", "content": "On the nature of \"maculotoxin\", a toxin from the blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena maculosa).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014030"}
{"pmid": "1014031", "title": "Nucleases of the oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) venom sac extract--I. Acid, neutral and alkaline deoxyribonucleases and their pharmacological effects on cat blood in vitro.", "content": "Nucleases of the oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) venom sac extract--I. Acid, neutral and alkaline deoxyribonucleases and their pharmacological effects on cat blood in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014031"}
{"pmid": "1014032", "title": "Mechanism of the acute pulmonary edema induced by intracerebroventricular injection of scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) in the unanesthetized rat.", "content": "Mechanism of the acute pulmonary edema induced by intracerebroventricular injection of scorpion toxin (tityustoxin) in the unanesthetized rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014032"}
{"pmid": "1014033", "title": "Anti-inflammatory effects of apamin.", "content": "Anti-inflammatory effects of apamin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014033"}
{"pmid": "1014034", "title": "Cytochemistry of the venom-secreting cells of the scorpion, Palamnaeus bengalensis.", "content": "Cytochemistry of the venom-secreting cells of the scorpion, Palamnaeus bengalensis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014034"}
{"pmid": "1014035", "title": "Amino acid sequence of pelamitoxin a, the main neurotoxin of the sea snake, Pelamis platurus.", "content": "Amino acid sequence of pelamitoxin a, the main neurotoxin of the sea snake, Pelamis platurus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014035"}
{"pmid": "1014036", "title": "Preparation and pharmacokinetics of labeled derivatives of apamin.", "content": "Preparation and pharmacokinetics of labeled derivatives of apamin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014036"}
{"pmid": "1014037", "title": "Postsynaptic and musculotropic effects of notexin, a presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of Notechis scutatus scutatus (Australian tiger snake).", "content": "Postsynaptic and musculotropic effects of notexin, a presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of Notechis scutatus scutatus (Australian tiger snake).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014037"}
{"pmid": "1014038", "title": "Androgen metabolism by rat epididymis. 5. Metabolic conversion and nuclear binding after injection of 5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17beta-diol, in vivo.", "content": "Androgen metabolism by rat epididymis. 5. Metabolic conversion and nuclear binding after injection of 5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17beta-diol, in vivo. The pattern of androgenic metabolites in blood, muscle, caput and cauda epididymidis has been investigated in functionally hepatectomized 24 hours castrated rats, 3 hours after the intra-muscular injection of 200 muCi of 3H-3H-3alpha-diol. Identification of the radioactive metabolites showed only negligible differences between the epididymal regions. In both caput and cauda the main metabolite was DHT (17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstane-3-one); 3alpha- and 3beta-diol, androsterone (3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-androstane-17-one), 5-A-dione (5alpha-androsterone-3, 17-dione), delta16-3alpha-01 (kalpha-androst-16-en-3alpha-01), delta16-3beta-01 (5alpha-androst-16-en-3alpha-01) and delta16-3-one (5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one) were also present. Androsterone and 3alpha-diol were the predominant metabolites in blood and muscle. No delta16 compounds could be detected and in constrast to epididymis, more than 50% of the radioactivity was associated with polar compounds. From determination of total radioactivity, it was seen that retention by epididymis varied from two to four times that of muscle. Purification and identification of the radioactivity associated with the nuclear fraction demonstrated that DHT was the only nuclear bound androgen. It is suggested from these results that at least one effect of 3alpha-diol on the rat epididymis is exerted through its conversion to DHT.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014038"}
{"pmid": "1014040", "title": "Simplified radioimmunoassay for aldosterone using antisera to aldosterone-gamma-lactone.", "content": "Simplified radioimmunoassay for aldosterone using antisera to aldosterone-gamma-lactone. A simplified, non-chromatographic method for aldosterone-gamma-lactone (2) radio-immunoassay is described, using a high titer aldosterone-gamma-lactone antibody. This method takes six working hours for completion; the blanks are below the sensitivity of the assay (0-10 pg), and the intra and interassay coefficient of variation is 4.9% and 8.2% respectively. There is no significant variation with different plasma volumes assayed and the plot of added and assayed aldosterone gives a slope of 0.983. The negligible cross reactivity with other steroids and lactones eliminates the problem of interference by these substances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014040"}
{"pmid": "1014039", "title": "Metabolites of estradiol-17beta in guinea pig uterus late in pregnancy.", "content": "Metabolites of estradiol-17beta in guinea pig uterus late in pregnancy. The metabolism of estradiol-17beta by the guinea pig uterus late in pregnancy was studied in vivo and in vitro. Whole uteri were examined for estrogen metabolites one hour following an intravenous injection of [3H]-estradiol-17beta or uterine sections were examined after incubation for one hour at 37 degrees C in medium containing [3H]-estradiol-17beta. In both instances uterine tissue metabolized estradiol-17beta to five products; estrone, estrone-3-sulfate, 17beta-estradiol-3-sulfate, estrone-3-glucuronide and 17beta-estradiol-3-glucuronide. Of the total radioactive products 11-43% were glucuronides, 17-26% were sulfates and 4-17% was estrone. These results indicate that the guinea pig uterus actively transforms estradiol-17beta into glucuronides and sulfates late in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014039"}
{"pmid": "1014041", "title": "Phytoecdysones from Diplazium donianum.", "content": "Phytoecdysones from Diplazium donianum. From Diplazium donianum, makisterone A, makisterone D, and an unidentified stereoisomer of makisterone B have been isolated. The presence of two other unidentified phytoecdysones has been noted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014041"}
{"pmid": "1014042", "title": "Bile acids. LII. The synthesis of 24-nor-5alpha-cholic acid and its 3beta-isomer.", "content": "Bile acids. LII. The synthesis of 24-nor-5alpha-cholic acid and its 3beta-isomer. To aid in the identification of trihydroxy acidic metabolite(s) derived from beta-sitosterol, 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-24-nor-5beta-cholan-23-oic acid was prepared and its methyl ester was treated with Raney nickel in boiling p-cymene to provide methyl 3-oxo-7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-24-nor-5alpha-cholanate, 3-oxo-7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-24-nor-5beta-cholante and 3-oxo-7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-24-norchol-4-enoate. The latter compound was synthesized from the 3-oxo-5beta-derivative with SeO2 to provide a product with identical properties. Catalytic reduction of either saturated 3-oxo-derivative provided the appropriate 3,7,12-triols isomeric at C-3. Results from gas liquid and partition chromatography, mass spectrometry, and otherr physical properties of the acids, their methyl esters and other derivatives are compatible with the assigned structures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014042"}
{"pmid": "1014043", "title": "Nuclear binding of the estrogen receptor in whole uteri.", "content": "Nuclear binding of the estrogen receptor in whole uteri. In order to show whether the estrogen complex (ER) in the intact cell binds to some nuclear component or whether it is in free equilibrium between the cytoplasm and the nucleus, we incubated intact uteri under conditions which increased the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic ER. These conditions included (a) the use of sucrose at concentrations greater than 0.75 M, (b) ethanol at 7.5% to 10%, or (c) 1 mM mercuric chloride or phenylmercuric acetate. Whereas (b) and (c) increased the ratio by preferentially denaturing the cytoplasmic ER, (a) caused ER to move from the cytoplasm into the nucleus by an undetermined mechanism. Uteri with a high ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic ER were then washed, incubated in fresh \"normal\" incubation media, fractionated and the location of ER determined. If ER binding does occur in the nucleus, the high ratio of nuclear ER to cytoplasmic ER should be maintained, whereas if ER is in an equilibrium in the cell, ER should redistribute and re-establish the \"normal\" ratio. In all cases studied; i.e., after pre-treatment with sucrose at different concentrations, ethanol at different concentrations and either mercuric chloride or phenylmercuric acetate, the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasmic ER remained high, suggesting that ER binds to some nuclear component in intact cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014043"}
{"pmid": "1014044", "title": "Convenient large scale preparation of catechol estrogens.", "content": "Convenient large scale preparation of catechol estrogens. 2-Hydroxyestrone, 2-hydroxyestradiol-17beta, 2-hydroxy-17alpha-ethynylestradiol, 2-hydroxyestriol, 4-hydroxyestrone, 4-hydroxyestradiol-17beta, 4-hydroxy-17alpha-ethynylestradiol and 4-hydroxyestriol are prepared on a preparative scale from the corresponding aminophenols using a new inverse oxidation procedure. By the synthesis described both the 2- and 4-hydroxylated estrogens are available in high yields.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014044"}
{"pmid": "1014045", "title": "A non-chromatographic radioimmunoassay of progesterone in serum.", "content": "A non-chromatographic radioimmunoassay of progesterone in serum. Convenient methodology based on separation of progesterone from alcoholic neutral steroids by means of a sulfation-procedure has been developed for the radioimmunoassay (RIA) of progesterone in male and female serum. When coordinated with our previously published non-chromatographic procedure for the RIA of estrone and estradiol in serum, all 3 seteroids can be determined in the same specimen. Validation of the procedure was based on: 1. Agreement between results obtained using ILC and sulfation to fractionate progesterone (r=0.98; b=0.86), 2. accurate recovery of different quantities of progesterone added to serum, 3. independence of the concentration of progesterone and volume of serum used for assay, 4. low procedural blanks (3.6 +/- 1.3 pg), 5. low intraassay (9.7 - 10.3%) and interassay (11.0 - 11.6%) variability and 6. correspondence of observed values for progesterone in male serum (108 +/- 20 pg/ml) and in female serum (follicular, 285 +/- 149 pg/ml; luteal, 3.46 +/- 1.45 ng/ml) with those reported previously by others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014045"}
{"pmid": "1014046", "title": "Hormonal regulation of LH stimulation of testosterone production in isolated Leydig cells of immature rats: the effect of hypophysectomy, FSH, and estradiol-17beta.", "content": "Hormonal regulation of LH stimulation of testosterone production in isolated Leydig cells of immature rats: the effect of hypophysectomy, FSH, and estradiol-17beta. Testosterone production in isolated Leydig cells from testes of immature and adult rats was stimulated by addition of LH in a dose dependent way. Hypophysectomy of adult rats had no influence on LH-stimulated testosterone production in isolated Leydig cells after 5 days. In contrast hypophysectomy of immature rats resulted after 5 days in an almost complete loss of LH sensitivity of isolated Leydig cells. Daily adminitration of FSH during 5 days starting immediately after hypophysectomy maintained LH responsiveness of isolated Leydig cells of immature rats. Also FSH administration starting on day 5 after hypophysectomy resulted in a restoration of LH responsiveness. Estradiol benzoate, injected simultaneously with FSH, abolished the FSH-induced LH responsiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014046"}
{"pmid": "1014047", "title": "Isolation, identification and quantitation of serum 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione and its relationship to progesterone in the pregnant mare.", "content": "Isolation, identification and quantitation of serum 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione and its relationship to progesterone in the pregnant mare. 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione was isolated from pooled pregnant mare serum using Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and identified by the use of radioimmunoassay, gas-liquid chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. 5beta-pregnane-3,20-dione was not cross-reactive with the radioimmunoassay system and was not detected by gas-liquid chromatography. Peripheral blood levels of progesterone and 5alphs-pregnane-3,20-dione were determined by radioimmunoassay in four Quarter Horse mares for the first 150 days of gestation. Progesterone and 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione declined from a range of 6 to 15 ng/ml at day 10 to a range of 2 to 8 ng/ml at day 40. After day 40 there was an increase in progesterone and 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione concentration. Toward the end of 150 days of gestation progesterone tended to decline; whereas, 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione levels were maintained or increased to levels as high as 35 ng/ml. Neither source nor function of 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione is known.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014047"}
{"pmid": "1014048", "title": "Preparturient changes in plasma concentrations of estrone, estradiol-17beta and estradiol-17alpha in the fetal calf: effects of dexamethasone infusion.", "content": "Preparturient changes in plasma concentrations of estrone, estradiol-17beta and estradiol-17alpha in the fetal calf: effects of dexamethasone infusion. The concentrations of total estrogens in fetal calf plasma were determined during a 6-10 day period immediately before delivery. Comparison was made between levels found in untreated calves and calves infused with dexamethasone at the rate of 0.1, 1.0 and 10 mg/24 hours. In untreated calves the plasma estrone, estradiol-17beta and estradio-17alpha levels remained relatively constant at 38 +/- 7 ng ml-1 (mean +/- SEM n = 3), 46 +/- 6 ng ml-1 and 29 +/- 5 ng ml-1 respectively. Infusion with dexamethasone at 0.1 mg/24 hr (3 calves) and 1.0 mg/24 hr (3 calves) was without dramatic effect on plasma estrogen levels. However, in one fetus infused with 10.0 mg/24 hr the dexamethasone treatment may have caused a transitory rise in the levels of all estrogens examined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014048"}
{"pmid": "1014065", "title": "Handedness, speech pathology and hemispheric asymmetry.", "content": "Handedness, speech pathology and hemispheric asymmetry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014065"}
{"pmid": "1014064", "title": "Neurometric analysis of brain function.", "content": "Neurometric analysis of brain function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014064"}
{"pmid": "1014066", "title": "Schistosomiasis and carcinoma of the bladder: a critical appraisal of causal relationship.", "content": "Schistosomiasis and carcinoma of the bladder: a critical appraisal of causal relationship. The pathology of 154 cases of carcinoma of the urinary bladder diagnosed in surgical specimens in Ibadan is reviewed. Schistosoma haematobium-infections are found in association with all varieties of urothelial carcinoma. The majority of tumours in this and previously reported series from bilharzial and nonbilharzial underdeveloped regions presented in advanced stages. It is suggested that the preponderance of squamous cell carcinoma in these regions is a reflection of late clinical presentation. The evidence so far presented to support a causal relationship between schistosomiasis and carcinoma of the bladder is reviewed. It is concluded that such relationship is probably not true.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014066"}
{"pmid": "1014067", "title": "Geographical distribution of amyloidosis in Papua New Guinea.", "content": "Geographical distribution of amyloidosis in Papua New Guinea. During an 11 year period 73 cases of amyloidosis were diagnosed at Port Moresby General Hospital as a result of histological examination of autopsy or biopsy material. No case of amyloidosis came from either the Highlands or North Coast regions although these two areas together accounted for 16% of the medical admissions at the hospital and made up a similar percentage of Port Moresby's Papua New Guinean population. Within the sub-district in which Port Moresby is situated there was a much higher incidence of amyloidosis in the inland, more sparsely populated, census divisions of the sub-district. Aetiological factors which may be related to the common occurrence of amyloidosis in Papua New Guinea are discussed in light of the observed geographical distribution of cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014067"}
{"pmid": "1014068", "title": "Endemic elephantiasis of the lower legs in Rwanda and Burundi.", "content": "Endemic elephantiasis of the lower legs in Rwanda and Burundi. The distribution of non-filarial elephantiasis of the lower legs in Rwanda and Burundi in Central Africa has been studied in order to test the previous observation of an association between the disease and the volcanic rocks and soils on which the people live. Using the method of market counts, a total of 26,602 adults were observed in 23 markets; 189 had elephantiasis. In addition, 264 cases were observed in specially arranged clinics and a further 77 while travelling. Prevalence per thousand adults varied from 0.0 to 20.7. It was noted that the areas of high prevalence corresponded with the areas of volcanic lava. A differential market count at the edge of the red soils in two of these areas showed a raised prevalence among people living on these soils, similar to that observed in Ethiopia. The observations confirm that the disease occurs in barefooted people who dig in soil developed from volcanic rocks, under tropical conditions, at altitudes around 1500 m. It is suggested that the high proportion of iron and other transitional metals may be important as irritant or toxic to the lymphatic vessels of the legs after absorption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014068"}
{"pmid": "1014070", "title": "Volvulus of the sigmoid in Khartoum, Sudan.", "content": "Volvulus of the sigmoid in Khartoum, Sudan. Twenty-six cases of acute volvulus of the sigmoid in Khartoum Hospital are analysed. The condition accounts for 17.8 percent of all cases of acute intestinal obstruction. The majority of patients were from the Southern tribes whose diet contains a large amount of fibre. Of the different methods of surgical management simple operative detorsion and deflation gave the best results. The overall mortality rate was 23.1 percent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014070"}
{"pmid": "1014069", "title": "A tuberculin skin test survey in a rural Ghanaian population.", "content": "A tuberculin skin test survey in a rural Ghanaian population. A study to determine the prevalence of positive tuberculin skin tests in a rural area of Ghana is described. Subjects over 14 exhibited the greatest percentage of positive reactions (40%), those under 15, less than 10 percent. Males had a higher percentage of positive reactions than females, which is consistent with the results of other tuberculin skin test studies. Prevalence of BCG scars was also studied as part of a village health survey medical examination. Overall BCG coverage was low (10%): the school age population, mose easily reached by mobile vaccination teams, had the highest rate of coverage (16%). There was a poor correlation between mothers' perception of children's BCG immunization status and the children's actual status determined during the medical examination, largely due to poor communication between immunization staff and the villagers. The authors conclude that BCG immunizations should be encouraged, particularly in children under 15, preferably via a mobile, mass campaign approach, with careful communication between medical staff and villagers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014069"}
{"pmid": "1014071", "title": "Preterm and other babies with low birthweights in Ibadan.", "content": "Preterm and other babies with low birthweights in Ibadan. Earlier studies on the incidence of low birthweight babies were unanimous in the belief that this is a peculiarity of the developing countries, especially of the negro race. However, the more recent studies have shown that the differences in the incidence of low birthweights between the developed and developing countries might be due to other factors. In a study of birthweights in Ibadan, Nigeria, evidence was presented which showed that the level of socio-economic standards, rather than the peculiarity of geographical location or race, accounted for a high percentage of low birthweight babies. The various other factors associated with low birthweight babies in Ibadan were also highlighted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014071"}
{"pmid": "1014072", "title": "Platelet count in healthy full-term Nigerian neonates.", "content": "Platelet count in healthy full-term Nigerian neonates. 633 platelet counts are reported on 338 full-term healthy Nigerian babies aged 1 hour to 28 days. Platelet counts for the first week (207,000 +/- 72,000 cumm) are significantly lower (P less than .001) than in the subsequent 3 weeks (282,000 +/- 94,000 cumm). Platelet counts of 100,000-400,000/cumm during the first week and 100,000-450,000/cumm during the rest of the neonatal period include 95% of the respective age groups of Nigerian infants studied and these ranges can therefore be regarded as standard for healthy Nigerian neonates. Platelet counts in Nigerian neonates are essentially similar to those reported elsewhere but significantly higher than in Nigerian adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014072"}
{"pmid": "1014073", "title": "Lactose tolerance in adult Jordanian Arabs.", "content": "Lactose tolerance in adult Jordanian Arabs. Lactose tolerance tests were performed in 56 male and female Jordanian Arabs who were permanently resident in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Forty three had a low rise in blood glucose and 36 had one or more symptoms after oral lactose. Lactose tolerance was not related to sex, age, milk or milk products consumption. The data presented confirm the few existing reports that the majority of Arabs, originating from the Mediterranean basin are hypolactasic and intolerant to lactose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014073"}
{"pmid": "1014074", "title": "Lactose intolerance in East Indians of Trinidad.", "content": "Lactose intolerance in East Indians of Trinidad. The incidence of lactose intolerance and by inference intestinal lactase deficiency was investigated by means of the oral lactose tolerance test in 30 East Indians born in Trinidad but of Indian heritage. Twenty showed flat curves (67%) and twenty had cramps and diarrhoea following the lactose load (67%). In India milk consumption is less than in Trinidad. Since all subjects were of the same racial origin the findings are interpreted as suggesting that lactase deficiency among East Indians is inherited on a genetic basis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014074"}
{"pmid": "1014075", "title": "Serum cholesterol concentration in Arabs in Riyadh Saudi Arabia, and its relation to adult hypolactasia.", "content": "Serum cholesterol concentration in Arabs in Riyadh Saudi Arabia, and its relation to adult hypolactasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014075"}
{"pmid": "1014076", "title": "Disorders which shorten life among Nigerians.", "content": "Disorders which shorten life among Nigerians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014076"}
{"pmid": "1014077", "title": "Toxoplasma gondii haemagglutinating antibody titers in Indonesian goats.", "content": "Toxoplasma gondii haemagglutinating antibody titers in Indonesian goats. Sera of 465 goats from several of the Indonesian islands were tested for indirect haemagglutinating (IHA) antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Titers greater than or equal to 1:16 were found in 24% of the animals with approximately 11% having titers of greater than or equal to 1:256. Sera from pigs, cows, water buffaloes and horses were also tested and only pig sera had IHA antibodies at titers above greater than or equal to 1:16. The possible role of goats in transmission of toxoplasmosis is discussed briefly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014077"}
{"pmid": "1014078", "title": "Filariasis in the Minahassa.", "content": "Filariasis in the Minahassa. A survey concerning the occurrence of filariasis was carried out in Likupang, a village in the Minahassa, the norther tip of the Island of Celebes. We found four patients with elephantiasis of the leg. Only of people living in their neighbourhood proved to be positive for microfilariae of Brugia malayi. This result differs from surveys formerly carried out in whole Sulawesi, where locally microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti occurred next to those of B. malayi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014078"}
{"pmid": "1014108", "title": "Chemoprophylaxis trial in Canadian Eskimos.", "content": "Chemoprophylaxis trial in Canadian Eskimos. One hundred and two cases of inactive tuberculosis, 165 positive tuberculin reactors and 103 previous BCG vaccinated individuals showing large tuberculin reactions were placed on the completely supervised regimen consisting of isoniazid and ethambutol given three times a week. Over 90% of these individuals completed 18 months' treatment. There were no active cases of tuberculosis among the treated groups during the observation period averaging 34.8 months. The control groups consisting of 217 individuals had 9 cases of active tuberculosis giving an annual risk of developing the disease of 1.8 per 1000.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014108"}
{"pmid": "1014109", "title": "Acquired resistance to rifampicin by Mycobacterium kansasii.", "content": "Acquired resistance to rifampicin by Mycobacterium kansasii. Two patients with Mycobacterium kansasii infection of the lung had organisms sensitive to rifampicin. Following treatment, essentially with rifampicin alone, the patients began to excrete organisms completely resistant to rifampicin. The ability of M. kansasii to acquire resistance to rifampicin during treatment has been clearly demonstrated. This reinforces the need to treat this infection with an adequate multiple drug regimen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014109"}
{"pmid": "1014111", "title": "Effect of sulpiride on mammary tumor growth.", "content": "Effect of sulpiride on mammary tumor growth. The daily subcutaneous injection of sulpiride produced increase tumor growth and decrease of survival in DBA/2 mice bearing a transplanted mammary gland tumor. It is proposed that sulpiride effect may be mediated by the augment of prolactin level in serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014111"}
{"pmid": "1014116", "title": "Early glial tumor metastases through a ventriculo-atrial shunt.", "content": "Early glial tumor metastases through a ventriculo-atrial shunt. A girl of 12 with a pontine polymorphous astrocytoma diffusely metastasizing to the spinal cord leptomeninges suddenly died 20 hours after the insertion of a right ventriculo-atrial shunt. Many severely damaged glial neoplastic cells were found in the blood vessels of the lung and liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014116"}
{"pmid": "1014112", "title": "Evaluation of the risk of multiple primaries in malignant cutaneous melanoma.", "content": "Evaluation of the risk of multiple primaries in malignant cutaneous melanoma. The evaluation of the risk of a second primary melanoma has been done on a series of 521 cases of malignant melanoma observed at the National Cancer Institute of Milan from September 1967 to December 1974. It has been found that a malignant melanoma patient is about 900 times more likely to have a second primary than an individual in the general population is likely to contract the disease. The risk is age and sex dependent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014112"}
{"pmid": "1014124", "title": "Evaluation of mass screening programmes for cervical cancer in N.E. Scotland.", "content": "Evaluation of mass screening programmes for cervical cancer in N.E. Scotland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014124"}
{"pmid": "1014125", "title": "Mass population screening for cervix cancer.", "content": "Mass population screening for cervix cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014125"}
{"pmid": "1014120", "title": "An analysis of 800 breast cancer patients relapsed after radical mastectomy.", "content": "An analysis of 800 breast cancer patients relapsed after radical mastectomy. The chronology of first recurrences, their topographic distribution and survival from mastectomy were retrospectively studied in a series of 800 mastectomized women with special reference to the relationship between these data and treatment delay, TN categories and free interval. Visceral metastases were more frequent in patients under 50 years, whereas local recurrences were more common in patients over 50. The average free interval was 26 months (over 5 years in 18% of cases) and seemed to be influenced little by the treatment delay or by tumor size; it was shorter in patients under 50 years and shorter still in patients with lymph node involvement at operation. A similar correlation exists between these parameters and survival. The 5 years survival rate of the 800 cases with recurrence was 52%, which is quite different from the rate generally indicated for surgical cases, and much higher than the rate for the natural history of untreated breast cancer. The survival rate in cases with first metastases confined to the soft tissues is much higher than in those with bone and/or with visceral metastases. The survival after recurrence proves to be significantly influenced by the length of the free interval, but much more by the presence or absence of regional lymph node involvement so that the lymph nodes status (N--or N+) turns out to be a prognostic item of primary importance, even after the onset recurrence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014120"}
{"pmid": "1014121", "title": "The effect of high molecular dextran on coagulation and metastes.", "content": "The effect of high molecular dextran on coagulation and metastes. The intravenous injection of high molecular dextran (HMD), increased pulmonary metastases of the carcinosarcoma of Walker 256, from 35 per-cent of the control animals to 64 per-cent of the animals treated with HMD. A significant prolongation of the clotting time and prothrombin; and a decrease in fibrinogen levels platelets, hematocrit and factors II, V, VII and VIII were observed following the infusion of HMD. There was no obvious untoward side effect of HMD in any of the animals studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014121"}
{"pmid": "1014126", "title": "Quality control in cytological screening for cervical cancer.", "content": "Quality control in cytological screening for cervical cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014126"}
{"pmid": "1014128", "title": "Prevalence rates of cervical lesions in specifically defined areas.", "content": "Prevalence rates of cervical lesions in specifically defined areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014128"}
{"pmid": "1014127", "title": "Studies of response to cervical screening.", "content": "Studies of response to cervical screening.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014127"}
{"pmid": "1014131", "title": "Specific problems in a screening programme.", "content": "Specific problems in a screening programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014131"}
{"pmid": "1014129", "title": "Oxford sliding scale recall scheme.", "content": "Oxford sliding scale recall scheme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014129"}
{"pmid": "1014130", "title": "Problems in the construction and interpretation of screening programmes.", "content": "Problems in the construction and interpretation of screening programmes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014130"}
{"pmid": "1014132", "title": "The evaluation of mass screening programmes for cervical cancer.", "content": "The evaluation of mass screening programmes for cervical cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014132"}
{"pmid": "1014134", "title": "Evaluation and costing of mass screening programmes for cervical cancer.", "content": "Evaluation and costing of mass screening programmes for cervical cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014134"}
{"pmid": "1014135", "title": "Acquisitions and further progress in mass screening for cancer.", "content": "Acquisitions and further progress in mass screening for cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014135"}
{"pmid": "1014133", "title": "Evaluation of mass screening for cervical cancer in Ljubljana region.", "content": "Evaluation of mass screening for cervical cancer in Ljubljana region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014133"}
{"pmid": "1014164", "title": "Atrial activity in atrial fibrillation after intravenous verapamil.", "content": "Atrial activity in atrial fibrillation after intravenous verapamil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014164"}
{"pmid": "1014167", "title": "Dimensions of the rabbit tenuissimus muscle.", "content": "Dimensions of the rabbit tenuissimus muscle. A study of the physical dimensions of the rabbit tenuissimus muscle is described and compared with previous work on the same muscle from the cat. The muscle in the rabbit was found to be larger than in the cat, but was consistent in its dimensions and suitable for use as a model for microvascular research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014167"}
{"pmid": "1014168", "title": "The effect of digitalis on regional ischaemia of the rat small intestine.", "content": "The effect of digitalis on regional ischaemia of the rat small intestine. Research in recent years has shown that under certain conditions digitalis has a strong vasoconstrictive effect in the splanchnic region. This may imply that in cases of mesenteric ischaemia, digitalization may inhibit a collateral circulation necessary for restoration of the intestinal function. In this investigation the effect of digitoxin on the exchange circulation of the small bowel mucosa was studied in rats with induced regional ischaemia of the intestine. On analysis 30 min after establishment of the ischaemia a statistically significant negative effect of digitoxin was observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014168"}
{"pmid": "1014165", "title": "Detection and characterization of hyperlipoproteinaemia in middle-aged men.", "content": "Detection and characterization of hyperlipoproteinaemia in middle-aged men. Serum lipoprotein (LP) concentrations were determined and LP patterns were classified in 261 middle-aged men, recruited from a health examination survey, with serum lipid values above the 80th percentile of the same population. Individuals with hyperlipoproteinaemia (HLP) and normolipidaemic controls were characterized also regarding family history of cardiovascular disease, socio-economic factors and clinical and laboratory variables. Subjects with HLP type IV-V and IIB were overweight and showed hyperuricaemia and hyperinsulinaemia compared with normolipidaemic controls and subjects with HLP type IIA. The latter showed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In spite of being overweight, subjects with HLP type III showed normal fasting values of insulin and uric acid in serum and normal early insulin response to intravenous glucose. The glucose tolerance did not differ significantly between the groups. Men with HLP types IV-V had predominantly sedentary occupations, in contrast to those with type IIA. There were significantly more smokers in the groups with HLP type IIB and IV-V than in the control group. Thus, individuals with different types of HLP tend to show different metabolic profiles but also different socioeconomic and clinical patterns, suggesting that exogenous factors are of importance in the expression of the LP abnormalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014165"}
{"pmid": "1014163", "title": "Binding of proteins to mouse blastocysts after the attachment stage of implantation.", "content": "Binding of proteins to mouse blastocysts after the attachment stage of implantation. Experimentally delayed mouse blastocysts were activated to implant by exogenous estradiol and after varying duration of estrogen influence, the blastocysts were flushed out from the uterine horns. Then they were incubated in the cold with different, 125I-conjugated proteins and the amount of protein bound to the blastocysts was determined by radioassay. Three radiolabelled proteins: human serum albumin (125I-HSA), human serum transferrin (125I-HST) and normal rabbit IgG (125I-RIgG) were tested and it was found that the uptake of each protein markedly increased between 14 and 24 hours of estrogen-activation. It was possible to partially block the binding of 125I-HSA and 125I-RIgG with the respective unlabelled protein. Unlabelled RIgG could also partially block the uptake of 125I-HSA whereas HSA did not impede the binding of 125I-RIgG. During delay of implantation the protein binding was low and approximately the same as after 14 hours of activation. However, at 18 and 24 hours of activation protein uptake increased gradually. Raising the incubation temperature from 0 to 37 degrees C did not significantly influence the protein binding capacity of the 24-hour-activated blastocyts. Whole blastocyst autoradiography indicated that the labelled protein was heavily bound in patches, preferentially located in the abembryonic half of the postattachment blastocysts. It is assumed that the binding of protein to abembryonic trophoblast cells of the implanting blastocyst can be attributed to the presence of protein receptors on the surface of these cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014163"}
{"pmid": "1014166", "title": "Acute myopericarditis. A long-term follow-up study.", "content": "Acute myopericarditis. A long-term follow-up study. A follow-up study was made of 29 patients aged 21 to 45 years, some 15-158 months after acute myopericarditis. The mean follow-up period was 72.9 months. The follow-up investigation included recording of history, physical examination, laboratory tests, radiologic examination of the heart and lungs and electrocardiography. All but one of the patients were fit for fulltime work. Nine had residual cardiac symptoms, but the physical examination was negative in all but 2 of them. One patient had chronic cardiac insufficiency and hepatic enlargement. Another had sinus tachycardia and cardiac enlargement of moderate degree and impaired working capacity in relation to heart size. Cardiac murmurs without clinical significance were audible in three cases. The resting ECG was pathologic in only 6 cases. Orthostatic ECG evoked ECG abnormalities in 6 more cases. Exercise tolerance tests showed reduced working capacity in relation to heart volume in 5 of the 29 cases (17%). Four of these 5 patients had cardiac enlargement. There was thus good correlation between increase in heart volume and reduction of physical capacity. The prognosis in regard to cardiac function was good, as was also found in other comparable series in which the observation time was somewhat shorter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014166"}
{"pmid": "1014169", "title": "Preliminary report on angiography with polymeric contrast agents in rabbits and dogs.", "content": "Preliminary report on angiography with polymeric contrast agents in rabbits and dogs. Polymeric, water-soluble, iodine-containing contrast agents have been synthesized and tested in renal angiography and thoracic aortography in rabbits and in femoral arteriography in dogs. Good filling of the arteries and also of the veins was obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014169"}
{"pmid": "1014171", "title": "The fluid double polar-nonpolar-polar leaflet model for biological membranes.", "content": "The fluid double polar-nonpolar-polar leaflet model for biological membranes. A model for biological membranes is proposed according to which the plasma membrane consists of two functionally different polar-nonpolar-polar leaflets separated by a polar space. The binding of water-soluble proteins, integral lipoproteins and spanning proteins to a biological membrane as well as possible conformations of interphase peptides partitioned between polar and nonpolar layers are discussed. A model for the diffusion of water soluble proteins across nonpolar layers of a membrane is described. Three complete biological membranes containing two leaflets and an inter-leaflet space are defined. These are: 1: The inner nuclear membrane + the perinuclear space and the endoplasmatic cisternae + the outer nuclear membrane and the endoplasmatic reticulum, 2: the innner mitochondrial membrane + the mitochondrial intermembraneous space + the outer mitochondrial membrane and 3: the cytoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane + an intramembraneous space in the plasma membrane + the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014171"}
{"pmid": "1014170", "title": "Familial ovarian carcinoma.", "content": "Familial ovarian carcinoma. Familial aggregation of patients with ovarian carcinoma is unusual. A family with four affected members in three consecutive generations is described. The tumors were all of the serous papillary adenocarcinoma type. The pattern of appearance of the malignant disorder in the present family may be explained as the result of transmission of a dominant mutant autosomal gene. The future long term management of such a family might include prophylactic oophorectomy in certain family members, and possibly selective terminations of pregnancies with female fetuses in high-risk women. A family with serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the ovary occurring in 4 members belonging to 3 consecutive generations is described.  This suggests the transmission of a mutant dominant gene as a cause of the site-specific cancer.  The malignant ovarian disorder has been restricted to descendants of 1 of 2 female branches of the family.  In the affected family branch, 2 have had their ovaries removed prophylactically but histologically their ovarian tissues were found to be normal.  There are 2 others, aged 8 and 17, who are considered to be at risk.  Prophylactic ovariectomy may be indicated when they have the number of children they want.  There has been no evidence of male transmission of an alleged mutant gene.  In the affected branch of the family prenatal sex determination and selective abortion of female fetuses in future pregnancies may eliminate the adverse gene from this family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014170"}
{"pmid": "1014172", "title": "Uromucoid in the rat: its isolation, localization in the kidney and concentration in the urine.", "content": "Uromucoid in the rat: its isolation, localization in the kidney and concentration in the urine. Based on the finding that rat uromucoid cross reacts with antihuman uromucoid, rat uromucoid was isolated by means of immune absorption chromatography. Using a monospecific antiserum obtained with the use of this preparation, uromucoid was shown to be present in the distal tublues of the kidney. A quantitative immunological determination was made from the urine of 30 normal rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014172"}
{"pmid": "1014173", "title": "A contribution to the formation mechanism of calcium oxalate urinary calculi. I. Stabilising urinary constituents in the formation of weddellite.", "content": "A contribution to the formation mechanism of calcium oxalate urinary calculi. I. Stabilising urinary constituents in the formation of weddellite. 25 to 30% of calcium oxalate urinary calculi consist of the metastable Weddellite crystal phase. By fractionation of urine it was found that mineral substances are stabilising factors. The stability was checked in dry condition at room temperature at 38 degrees C and at 110 degrees C. These results could be confirmed by precipitation from synthetic solutions. Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, Mn and Cu individually, and above all in combination, promote the formation of Weddellite. The formation of mixed crystal phases must be considered one of the main factors for the stabilisation of Weddelite in the urinaty calculus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014173"}
{"pmid": "1014217", "title": "[Late results of surgical treatment of mitral stenosis].", "content": "[Late results of surgical treatment of mitral stenosis]. An analysis of late results of closed mitral commissurotomy in 408 patients with the follow-up period to 18 years is presented. As pinpointed further late results of mitral commissurotomy were found to depend on the degree of stenosis of left atrioventricular orifice and concomitant mitral insufficiency, on how radical the operation was, on the presence of gross morphological changes in the valve, the stage of the disease, the activity of rheumatic process, patients' age and terms of observation. The predisposing factors and causes of restenosis of left atrioventricular valve are characterized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014217"}
{"pmid": "1014236", "title": "[Diagnostic and therapeutic importance of right-heart catheterization during operations on the lungs and in the early postoperative period in elderly patients].", "content": "[Diagnostic and therapeutic importance of right-heart catheterization during operations on the lungs and in the early postoperative period in elderly patients]. Pressure in the right heart (CVP) was measured at different stages of lung resection and during the first postoperative days in 74 aged patients, operated upon for various pulmonary affections. Pneumonectomy was performed in 33 patients, partial resection--in 31, thoracotomy--in 10. The pressure was measured by catheterization of the right heart, using the Valdman apparatus. No complications relative to catheterization of the right heart were noted. Intraoperative observations over CVP dynamics with due account of other hemodynamic indices, general patient's state and the operative stage provide for additional valuable data of the state of a patient operated upon. During the first days after pneumo- and lobectomy CVP was found to be decreased compared with initial values, that seems to be related with hypovolemia. Studies on the circulating blood volume and its components, carried out in 18 patients, have proved the presence of hypolvolemia in patients under consideration. These investigations make it possible to recommend continous catheterization of the right heart for early recognition of hemodynamic disturbances and a simultaneous use of the catheter for infusion of medical drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014236"}
{"pmid": "1014300", "title": "Isolation and segregation of non-haemadsorbing strains of African swine fever virus.", "content": "Isolation and segregation of non-haemadsorbing strains of African swine fever virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014300"}
{"pmid": "1014299", "title": "Oestrogen receptors in feline mammary carcinomas.", "content": "Oestrogen receptors in feline mammary carcinomas. Twenty primary or metastatic felline mammary tumours were assayed for the presence of oestrogen receptors by the dextran-coated charcoal method. In only two of the tumours was the presence of specific oestrogen binding protein demonstrable. The high negative rate in comparison with human and canine mammary tumours assayed under similar conditions seemed to be a peculiar feature of the feline tumours and suggested a lack of oestrogen dependency. The possibility remains that other hormones may be concerned with the growth of feline mammary tumours and further work is in progress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014299"}
{"pmid": "1014301", "title": "Eperythrozoon wenyoni anaemia in cattle.", "content": "Eperythrozoon wenyoni anaemia in cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014301"}
{"pmid": "1014302", "title": "Klebsiella aerogenes in mares.", "content": "Klebsiella aerogenes in mares.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014302"}
{"pmid": "1014303", "title": "Veterinary surgeons and the Medicines (Labelling) Regulations 1976.", "content": "Veterinary surgeons and the Medicines (Labelling) Regulations 1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014303"}
{"pmid": "1014304", "title": "Non-surgical correction of a uterine torsion in the mare.", "content": "Non-surgical correction of a uterine torsion in the mare. A case of uterine torsion is described and its correction under general anaesthesia by a method described by Schaffer for the cow. The degree of torsion was 180 degrees and in a clockwise direction. After correction the foal was found to be alive and in anterior presentation and ventral position; it was born normally 84 days later.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014304"}
{"pmid": "1014305", "title": "Bovine hypocuprosis.", "content": "Bovine hypocuprosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014305"}
{"pmid": "1014306", "title": "Diagnosis of swine dysentery: spirochaetes which may be confused with Treponema hyodysenteriae.", "content": "Diagnosis of swine dysentery: spirochaetes which may be confused with Treponema hyodysenteriae. Spirochaetes, designated PWS, microscopically resembling Treponema hyodysenteriae, were isolated from the colon contents of pigs with post-weaning scours from three herds, which on clinical and epidemiological grounds were thought to be free from swine dysentery. One of the isolates was fed to pigs experimentally but no evidence of disease was noted. Their cultural characteristics differed from those of T hyodysenteriae but they were similar to those of a non-pathogenic spirachaete (4/71) which had been isolated previously from the laboratory's dysentery-free herd. Smears prepared from cultures of the PWS spirochaete, 4/71 and two virulent and one avirulent strain of T hyodysenteriae were all positive to a fluorescent antibody test which was in use as an aid to the diagnosis of swine dysentery in the United Kingdom.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014306"}
{"pmid": "1014307", "title": "Bacteria associated with beak necrosis in broiler breeder hens.", "content": "Bacteria associated with beak necrosis in broiler breeder hens. Beak necrosis occurred in 48 per cent of female broiler breeders used fro nutritional studies but none was found in male broiler breeders or in either sex of single comb white Leghorns. About 10 per cent mortality, probably largely due to beak necroses, occurred in the affected flock. Based on electron microscopic photographs of affected beak tissue, we suggest that in our study the breakdown of beaks was associated with the presence of a single morphological type of Gram-positive bacterium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014307"}
{"pmid": "1014308", "title": "The feeding of zinc bacitracin to growing rabbits.", "content": "The feeding of zinc bacitracin to growing rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014308"}
{"pmid": "1014311", "title": "Bovine abortion.", "content": "Bovine abortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014311"}
{"pmid": "1014309", "title": "A case of diesel oil poisoning in a ewe.", "content": "A case of diesel oil poisoning in a ewe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014309"}
{"pmid": "1014310", "title": "Arizona in turkeys.", "content": "Arizona in turkeys.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014310"}
{"pmid": "1014312", "title": "Skin lesions in guinea-pigs.", "content": "Skin lesions in guinea-pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014312"}
{"pmid": "1014633", "title": "Cancer incidence in Jamaica. An 18-year analysis (1958--1975).", "content": "Cancer incidence in Jamaica. An 18-year analysis (1958--1975).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014633"}
{"pmid": "1014635", "title": "Antimicrobial resistance in organisms isolated at the University Hospital of the West Indies during 1975.", "content": "Antimicrobial resistance in organisms isolated at the University Hospital of the West Indies during 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014635"}
{"pmid": "1014634", "title": "Problems in interpreting electrocardiograms (ECG'S) AND QUESTIONNAIRES FOR EFFORT PAIN IN RURAL Jamaica.", "content": "Problems in interpreting electrocardiograms (ECG'S) AND QUESTIONNAIRES FOR EFFORT PAIN IN RURAL Jamaica.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014634"}
{"pmid": "1014636", "title": "A 3-year review of medico-legal autopsies performed at the Kingston Public Hospital, Jamaica (1973-1975).", "content": "A 3-year review of medico-legal autopsies performed at the Kingston Public Hospital, Jamaica (1973-1975).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014636"}
{"pmid": "1014637", "title": "Total body water, extracellular and plasma volume compartments in sickle cell anemia.", "content": "Total body water, extracellular and plasma volume compartments in sickle cell anemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014637"}
{"pmid": "1014638", "title": "Nursery admission temperature in immature newborns--the effects of birth-arrival interval and asphyxia.", "content": "Nursery admission temperature in immature newborns--the effects of birth-arrival interval and asphyxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014638"}
{"pmid": "1014663", "title": "The study of regulation systems in parasite populations as a basis for using biological methods of control.", "content": "The study of regulation systems in parasite populations as a basis for using biological methods of control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014663"}
{"pmid": "1014664", "title": "Protozoa as the regulators of pest insects populations.", "content": "Protozoa as the regulators of pest insects populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014664"}
{"pmid": "1014666", "title": "The system host-parasite as an ecological homeostate.", "content": "The system host-parasite as an ecological homeostate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014666"}
{"pmid": "1014665", "title": "The influence of nematodes and parasitic fungi on host insects.", "content": "The influence of nematodes and parasitic fungi on host insects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014665"}
{"pmid": "1014667", "title": "The role of the taxonomist in biological parasitology.", "content": "The role of the taxonomist in biological parasitology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014667"}
{"pmid": "1014668", "title": "The question of diseases caused by Echinococcus granulosus and Alveococcus multilocularis on the Taimyr Peninsula.", "content": "The question of diseases caused by Echinococcus granulosus and Alveococcus multilocularis on the Taimyr Peninsula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014668"}
{"pmid": "1014669", "title": "Investigations into the biocenosis of small mammals' nests.", "content": "Investigations into the biocenosis of small mammals' nests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014669"}
{"pmid": "1014670", "title": "Microbiocenosis of Clethrionomys glareolus nests in the East and West Carpathians.", "content": "Microbiocenosis of Clethrionomys glareolus nests in the East and West Carpathians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014670"}
{"pmid": "1014671", "title": "Host-parasite relations between Oligochaeta and helminths.", "content": "Host-parasite relations between Oligochaeta and helminths.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014671"}
{"pmid": "1014672", "title": "The interdependence of parasites in parasitocenoses of the intestine of animals.", "content": "The interdependence of parasites in parasitocenoses of the intestine of animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014672"}
{"pmid": "1014673", "title": "The influence of chemical contamination of the natural environment on the parasitological organisms.", "content": "The influence of chemical contamination of the natural environment on the parasitological organisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014673"}
{"pmid": "1014674", "title": "The influence of pollution of Bulgarian section of the river Danube on the occurrence of helminthiases in fish.", "content": "The influence of pollution of Bulgarian section of the river Danube on the occurrence of helminthiases in fish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014674"}
{"pmid": "1014675", "title": "The influence of industrial pollution on the nematodofauna of plants and soil in the region of smelting works \"Kremikovci\".", "content": "The influence of industrial pollution on the nematodofauna of plants and soil in the region of smelting works \"Kremikovci\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014675"}
{"pmid": "1014677", "title": "The influence of training the river Dnieper, construction of water stops and hydroelectric plants on the parasitofauna in fish.", "content": "The influence of training the river Dnieper, construction of water stops and hydroelectric plants on the parasitofauna in fish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014677"}
{"pmid": "1014679", "title": "The effect of thermic pollution of waters on the distribution of pathogenic Naegleria strains.", "content": "The effect of thermic pollution of waters on the distribution of pathogenic Naegleria strains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014679"}
{"pmid": "1014676", "title": "The influence of thermic pollution on parasitocenoses structure in water reservoirs.", "content": "The influence of thermic pollution on parasitocenoses structure in water reservoirs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014676"}
{"pmid": "1014678", "title": "The properties of formation of the trematode fauna in molluscs in water reservoirs of the river Dnieper cascades.", "content": "The properties of formation of the trematode fauna in molluscs in water reservoirs of the river Dnieper cascades.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014678"}
{"pmid": "1014680", "title": "Some ecological-parasitological aspects of large-scale animal production.", "content": "Some ecological-parasitological aspects of large-scale animal production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014680"}
{"pmid": "1014683", "title": "Human activity as a factor in the distribution of ectoparasites and vectors of man and animal diseases.", "content": "Human activity as a factor in the distribution of ectoparasites and vectors of man and animal diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014683"}
{"pmid": "1014682", "title": "Swimmers' itch and waterfowl management.", "content": "Swimmers' itch and waterfowl management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014682"}
{"pmid": "1014686", "title": "Transmission of Taenia saginata in rural areas.", "content": "Transmission of Taenia saginata in rural areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014686"}
{"pmid": "1014685", "title": "Helminthological problems in guest workers--is there any danger in distribution of helminthic disease?", "content": "Helminthological problems in guest workers--is there any danger in distribution of helminthic disease?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014685"}
{"pmid": "1014689", "title": "Strongyloides stercoralis in Eastern and South-Eastern Poland.", "content": "Strongyloides stercoralis in Eastern and South-Eastern Poland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014689"}
{"pmid": "1014688", "title": "Natural foci of diseases in the environment exploited or artificially formed by man.", "content": "Natural foci of diseases in the environment exploited or artificially formed by man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014688"}
{"pmid": "1014691", "title": "Parasitological endangering of environment in the aspect of increasing tourist-recreation traffic.", "content": "Parasitological endangering of environment in the aspect of increasing tourist-recreation traffic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014691"}
{"pmid": "1014692", "title": "Ecological properties of poly-host helminths (on the example of Diphyllobothrium genus).", "content": "Ecological properties of poly-host helminths (on the example of Diphyllobothrium genus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014692"}
{"pmid": "1014681", "title": "Ecological properties of helminth fauna in water reservoirs on dairy farms in Lithuanian SSR.", "content": "Ecological properties of helminth fauna in water reservoirs on dairy farms in Lithuanian SSR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014681"}
{"pmid": "1014693", "title": "Various types of forest hunting grounds as the habitat of interinfection with helminths of wild and domestic animals.", "content": "Various types of forest hunting grounds as the habitat of interinfection with helminths of wild and domestic animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014693"}
{"pmid": "1014684", "title": "The anthropophilism rate in mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens L., 1758 (Diptera, Culicidae) in the area of human settlements on the Gdańsk coast.", "content": "The anthropophilism rate in mosquito Culex pipiens pipiens L., 1758 (Diptera, Culicidae) in the area of human settlements on the Gdańsk coast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014684"}
{"pmid": "1014694", "title": "Ecological problems in fish parasitology.", "content": "Ecological problems in fish parasitology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014694"}
{"pmid": "1014695", "title": "Variations in pathogenicity of parasites due to man's interference. Introduction to the discussion.", "content": "Variations in pathogenicity of parasites due to man's interference. Introduction to the discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014695"}
{"pmid": "1014687", "title": "Helminthological and microbiological analyses of municipal waste of the city of Lódź as the criteria for the evaluation of the rate of environmental pollution.", "content": "Helminthological and microbiological analyses of municipal waste of the city of Lódź as the criteria for the evaluation of the rate of environmental pollution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014687"}
{"pmid": "1014690", "title": "The role of wild mammals of Central Asia as man's and domestic animals' helminth reservoirs.", "content": "The role of wild mammals of Central Asia as man's and domestic animals' helminth reservoirs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014690"}
{"pmid": "1014696", "title": "Variability of man as the host of a parasite.", "content": "Variability of man as the host of a parasite.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014696"}
{"pmid": "1014697", "title": "Formation of new host-parasite systems on the example of nematodes genus Neoaplectana.", "content": "Formation of new host-parasite systems on the example of nematodes genus Neoaplectana.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014697"}
{"pmid": "1014698", "title": "Ecological differentiation between the regulating and devastating parasitic structure.", "content": "Ecological differentiation between the regulating and devastating parasitic structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014698"}
{"pmid": "1014699", "title": "The role of information services in environmental parasitology.", "content": "The role of information services in environmental parasitology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014699"}
{"pmid": "1014712", "title": "[World trends in infant mortality since 1950].", "content": "[World trends in infant mortality since 1950]. Despite the considerable progress made in recent decades, and perhaps even partly because of the very uneven distribution of this progress, infant mortality is still very high in some regions, whereas in other regions it is tending, if not disappear completely, at least to become numerically negligible even though remaining a matter of social concern. Whereas in tropical Africa almost one child in five dies before its first birthday, in Japan or Scandinavia it is one child in a hundred. Infant mortality rate varies between these two extremes, but there is a substantial gulf between  the \"most developed\" regions which are all below 30% and the \"least developed\" regions which fall into three categories: 65-100% (Latin America, Eastern Asia except Japan), around 140% (Northern Africa, South Asia, Melanesia), and about 200% (topical Africa). These inequalities between countries overlap with inequalities between social groupings by urbanization, social/occupational level, education and income, are all variables that are correlated with infant mortality to a greater or lesser degree. The pace of the progress achieved since 1950 seems to be independent of the starting level. Contrary to the development of mortality at other ages, it is not in the countries with high mortality that infant mortality has decreased most. The pace of reduction divides the most developed regions into three distinct groups: very rapid reduction (Japan), rapid reduction (Scandinavia, Western Europe, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe), and slower reduction (British Isles, Northern America and Australia/New Zealand). Thus Japan rapidly caught up with Western Europe and the English-speaking countries and has now reached the same level as Scandinavia. On the other hand, the English-speaking countries have fallen behind the Scandinavian countries and are now at par with Western Europe. The reduction of infant mortality mainly concerned deaths of children over one month of age or even over one week of age and otherwise is due to reduction of infectious diseases. Consequently, in the most developed regions mortality is highly concentrated in the first week of life and is mainly attributable to the \"causes of perinatal mortality\" and the \"congenital\" anomalies\". In the least developed regions, on the other hand, the infectious or parasitic diseases are still of decisive importance and the risk of death remains very high throughout the first year of life and even beyond. The risk may be even higher during the second year, when weaning takes place abruptly and results in serious difficulties in feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014712"}
{"pmid": "1014713", "title": "[World health-related indicators].", "content": "[World health-related indicators]. Many of the statistics given in this report are estimates based on tentative data and on that extent are not reliable in a strict sense. But the picture they present of gross differences in demographic and social characteristics, in vital statistics, and in resources of medical manpower and hospital beds between major areas of the world is real. More than half of the people of the world live in South Asia and East Asia; population density is highest in Western Europe; and highest rates of population growth are in Middle America and Tropical South America. In Europe less than one-third of the population are aged under 20 years, whereas more than half the population are aged under 20 im Middle and Tropical South America and the Carribbean, in Africa and in South Asia. Urbanization is high in Temperate South America, Northern America, Northern and Western Europe, and Oceania. The daily dietary energy supply per person is 50% higher in Northern America, Europe, USSR, and Ocenia than in Africa (excluding Southern Africa, South and East Asia. The Gross National Product in Northern America is 10 times higher than in Tropical South America and 30 to 40 times higher than in Western Middle and Eastern Africa and in Middle South and South East Asia. Crude birth rates are close to three times higher in Africa, Middle America and South Asia than in Europe, North America and USSR. Differences in crude death rates are less--rates in Western, Middle and Eastern Africa are double these of America Europe, USSR and Oceania. The Expectation of Life is over 70 years for Northern America, Europe, USSR and Oceania. It is under 50 years for Western, Middle and Eastern Africa. In all areas the expectation of life at birth has increased--by up to 10 years--in the past quarter century. Infant mortality is less than 20 per 1 000 in Northern and Western Europe and Northern America. It is over 100 in Africa and South Asia. Number of physicians range from 25 per 10 000 population in USSR to less than 1 per 10 000 in Western, Middle and Eastern Africa. There are over 100 hospital beds per 10 000 population in USSR and in Northern and Western Europe, less than 10 per 10 000 in Western Africa, Middle South Asia and South East Asia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014713"}
{"pmid": "1014729", "title": "Functional capability of 68-year-old people in the town of Jyväskylä.", "content": "Functional capability of 68-year-old people in the town of Jyväskylä. A cross-sectional study on the functional capability of 68-year-old persons was performed in 1973 in the town of Jyväskylä in Central Finland. The mean values of the measured variables for men and women, respectively, were the following: vital capacity 1.7 l/m2 and 1.2 l/m2; threshold of auditory perception (4000 cps) 49.0 dB and 28.4 dB, digit symbol 23.9 and 24.3 digits; digit span 9.5 and 9.7 numbers; simple reaction time 0.27 sec; pred. max VO2 26.6 and 21.6 ml/kg - min. Persons with high physical working capacity or good self-assessed health attained better results compared to persons with low PWC or poor self-assessed health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014729"}
{"pmid": "1014735", "title": "Carbohydrate metabolism of the lens depending on age.", "content": "Carbohydrate metabolism of the lens depending on age. Interpretation of factor analysis of 18 metabolic parameters of the bovine lens leads to the determination of the following criteria of lens metabolism: Factor 1: Biologic aging of the lens 33.9%; Factor 2: Glycolysis regulation 17.7%; Factor 3: Topography of lens metabolism 8.7%; Factor 4: Regulation of fructose breakdown 7.9%; Factor 5: Substrate depot 6.6%; Factor 6: Kinases 6.3%. These results could partly be experimentally verified. This interpretation of factor analysis has been an attempt to fit biochemical processes to formal statistical parameters. There was no indication that any of the variables under investigation were indendently responsible for the age dependend changes. However, the set-up made evident that rather complex biochemical influences of different intensity bring about the observed aging phenomena. It may be assumed that on or the other of these variables acts as a \"triggering mechanism\". Age related disturbances in the biochemical balance may be initiated by the glycolysis regulation factor, the importance of which is expressed by its high portion of 17%. Here changes in the ratio of reduced and oxydized coenzymes may act as a \"triggering mechanism\" (26, 30). Topography of lens metabolism, carbohydrate breakdown via metabolic pathways, the presence of substrate depots, and the internal regulation of the kinases are, according to their portion in factor loading, of about equal importance with respect to aging processes, however, factors 1 and 2, with a 50% portion, must be given precedence in any consideration. Factor 1, interpreted as \"biological lens aging\", yields about 1/3 of the information on the age influence on lens metabolism. This factor stands independent in being loaded by lens weight, which is the accepted age representative. However, lens weight means protein as well as the process of protein synthesis. It may be assumed that this factor represents a connective link between protein and carbohydrate metabolism, since it is well known that changes in protein belong to the most remarkable age disturbances (31,32), and that the quality of the proteins is dependent on the period of its synthesis (18,33).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014735"}
{"pmid": "1014783", "title": "Bilirubin in liquor amnii. A rapid and exact method for quantitative determination.", "content": "Bilirubin in liquor amnii. A rapid and exact method for quantitative determination. A method is described for an exact and rapid determination of bilirubin in the amniotic fluid. Errors due to turbidity and to contamination of hemoglobin or debris are elliminated because bilirubin is extracted directely into chloroform by a special technique and determined by direct spectrophotometry. The new technique is related to the well known Liley procedure and the results with the new method are plotted into a modified Liley-sceme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014783"}
{"pmid": "1014935", "title": "Invalid care in the dwarf mongoose (Helogale undulata rufula)", "content": "Invalid care in the dwarf mongoose (Helogale undulata rufula) The responses of a captive family group of 12 Dwarf Mongooses (4 female and 8 male) towards a sick group member were recorded daily for 3 h over a 38 day period (until the animal died), these data being compared with those for a comparable control period. Changes in feeding rank order, resting site, resting duration and grooming frequency and duration were found, these being to the advantage of the sick individual. The probable adaptive significance of such behaviour is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014935"}
{"pmid": "1014937", "title": "Gastric ulceration in the ferret (Mustela furo L.).", "content": "Gastric ulceration in the ferret (Mustela furo L.).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014937"}
{"pmid": "1014941", "title": "A method for obtaining germ-free rodents by \"wet hysterectomy\".", "content": "A method for obtaining germ-free rodents by \"wet hysterectomy\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014941"}
{"pmid": "1014942", "title": "Morphological studies on the development of tracheal epithelium in the Syrian golden hamster. II. Electron microscopy: changing aspects of the chromatin structure.", "content": "Morphological studies on the development of tracheal epithelium in the Syrian golden hamster. II. Electron microscopy: changing aspects of the chromatin structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014942"}
{"pmid": "1014990", "title": "Prevention of burns and scalds in a developed country.", "content": "Prevention of burns and scalds in a developed country.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1014990"}
{"pmid": "1015007", "title": "Delayed multiplication of Semliki forest virus in organ cultures of muscle from vaccinated mice.", "content": "Delayed multiplication of Semliki forest virus in organ cultures of muscle from vaccinated mice. Local immunity against the homologous virus was detected from the first until the third day of incubation in organ cultures of muscle from mice previously vaccinated with Semliki Forest Virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015007"}
{"pmid": "1015010", "title": "The nosocomial and occupational hepatitis type B infection in a chest disease hospital. A prospective study.", "content": "The nosocomial and occupational hepatitis type B infection in a chest disease hospital. A prospective study. The results of a prospective study of hepatitis B infections among the patients of a Chest Disease Hospital are reported. A thousand and sixteen patients admitted during the twelve months study period were screened for the Hepatitis B(Surface)-Antigen(HBsAg) on admission and during the stay and were kept under epidemiological surveillance for six months following the discharge. The HBsAg prevalence was 3.54% on admission and the cumulative infection rate during the follow up period was 12.64 per 100 patients. The HBsAg prevalence on admission was significantly higher in males than in females, the susceptibility to infection found in the course of the study was in both sexes similar. The majority of infections was inapparent with the ratio of 8.6:1 of inapparent to clinically manifested forms. The incidence of viral hepatitis among the personnel was comparable to the incidence among the personnel of other hospital departments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015010"}
{"pmid": "1015011", "title": "Hepatitis B (surface) antigen and viral hepatitis in family contacts of acute hepatitis B patients.", "content": "Hepatitis B (surface) antigen and viral hepatitis in family contacts of acute hepatitis B patients. The results of a follow up study among family contacts of acute hepatitis B patients are reported. The family members were tested for HBsAg in the time of hospitalization of the index case and after three months again, the families were kept under epidemiological surveillance for six months. 19 (4,54%) out of the 418 persons screened for the first time were HBsAg-positive. The highest prevalence of HBsAg-positive persons was found in the families of patients without history of parenteral exposure. 5 (1%) of family contacts were hospitalized from 2 to 4 months following admission of the index case. All were the spouses of index case patients and none of them had other history of parenteral exposures than blood sampling for purpose of this study. 2 (0,58%) cases of silent antigenaemia were found among the 344 persons examined at the second screening.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015011"}
{"pmid": "1015012", "title": "Evaluation of three techniques for carbohydrate fermentation of Neisseriae.", "content": "Evaluation of three techniques for carbohydrate fermentation of Neisseriae. Three different techniques to study carbohydrate fermentation by Neisseriae were compared using 226 strains: growth in semi-solid cystine trypticase agar, the rapid test in phosphate buffered solutions of carbohydrates and growth on slants of solid cystine trypticase agar. The latter method was found to be the easiest to perform and is more suited for smaller laboratories, since the media used may be stored for at least 2 months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015012"}
{"pmid": "1015014", "title": "[Titration of antistreptolysin and control of its specificity in respect of percipitation reactions (author's transl)].", "content": "[Titration of antistreptolysin and control of its specificity in respect of percipitation reactions (author's transl)]. A method for the titration of antistreptolysin O (ASLO) is described that is assumed to be more rapid than the methods applied thus far. The authors are drawing attention to the non-specificity of this method and propose to use PRESLO which is easy to prepare and admits of quantitative evaluation, for a control of this non-specificity. Correlation between the two reactions were established by the authors in 2137 sera which was expressed mathematically and made subject to subsequent statistical evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015014"}
{"pmid": "1015013", "title": "Susceptibility of viridans streptococci of 27 antimicrobial agents.", "content": "Susceptibility of viridans streptococci of 27 antimicrobial agents. One hundred and eighty strains of viridans Streptococci (Str. mitis, Str. salivarius, Str. MG, Str. SBE, Str. bovis, Str. equinus and Str. uberis) were isolated from mouth and upper respiratory tract secretions of humans at random in different parts of Poland. These strains were tested for susceptibility to 27 antimicrobial agents. Analysis of results was performed with special reference to bacterial endocarditis, which is caused mostly by these microorganisms. At low minimal inhibitory concentrations, most effective antibiotics appeared amoxycillin, clindamycin, azidocillin, cephaloridine, ampicillin, erythromycin and penicillin G. Susceptibility to other penicillins and cephalosporins was much less pronounced. Small part of strains was highly susceptible to tetracyclines, whereas all other antimicrobial agents were practically ineffective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015013"}
{"pmid": "1015017", "title": "Actinobacilli in domestic fowl.", "content": "Actinobacilli in domestic fowl. Reports on haemolytic rods from salpingitis in hens and from organs of died chicks may be found since the year 1950 (Kjos-Hanssen). Correct systematic classification on these microorganisms is still lacked because not all relations to the nearest pasteurellae were known as well as the clear differences in the Pasteurella-Actinobacillus group. The authors have isolated 34 suspected strains from 14 localities; 25 strains were from salpingitis or internal organs of died fowl inclusively chicks, and 9 strains from choanas of pullets clinically healthy. Bacteriological, serological, chemical and biological tests gave the results as follows: 1) All strains exhibit fundamental properties of Pasteurella-Actinobacillus group, and moreover, they show ability to grow on MacConkey agar with crystal violet (BioQuest) being a significant feature of the genus Actinobaccillus (Mráz, 1975). 2) From the nearest species Actinobacillus haemolyticus (Newsom and Cross, 1932) Mráz, 1969, they differ with expressive haemolysis on agar with sheep blood, single haemolytic zone on agar with lamb blood according to Smith (1962), structure of somatic antigen, with natural hosts (gallinaceous birds) and pathogenicity for 5-day-old chicks. The GC content in DNA was determined in the range 39,6-42,9% (mean value 41,5%). 3) The first who presumed an independent state of these microorganisms, was Kohlert (1968), from the work of which the epithet for correct name, i.e. Actinobacillus salpingitidis (Kohlert, 1968) comb. nov., was accepted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015017"}
{"pmid": "1015019", "title": "Serological characteristics of the Leptospira serogroup Pomona. I. Factor analysis of the reference strains.", "content": "Serological characteristics of the Leptospira serogroup Pomona. I. Factor analysis of the reference strains. The factor analysis of the Leptospirae of the Pomona serogroup discloses the presence of 4 main factors in this group on the basis of which 4 serovars, namely pomona, mozdok, tropica and proechimys may be accepted in this group. It is proposed that the Monjakov and the LT 1026 strains be referred to the pomona serovar. One of the established main antigens (P-4) is of the complex nature containing both thermostable and thermolabile compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015019"}
{"pmid": "1015020", "title": "Serological characteristics of the Leptospira serogroup Pomona. II. Changes in the agglutination and absorption properties of the reference strains after formalin- and heat-inactivation.", "content": "Serological characteristics of the Leptospira serogroup Pomona. II. Changes in the agglutination and absorption properties of the reference strains after formalin- and heat-inactivation. After formalin or heat-inactivation for 30 minutes at 56 degrees C, the absorption properties of some Pomona serogroup strains diminish, which indicates that they have thermolabile (Pomona, CZ 299U and LT 796) or formalin-labile (Pomona and 5621) minor antigenic factors. The agglutination properties of the various strains change differently after inactivation though not in parallel with the absorption properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015020"}
{"pmid": "1015021", "title": "Immunological and morphological analysis of sodium dodecyl sulfate extract of Leptospira.", "content": "Immunological and morphological analysis of sodium dodecyl sulfate extract of Leptospira. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) extract of Leptospira interrogans serotype icterohaemorrhagiae strain Shibaura was fractionated by rate zonal centrifugation in sucrose density gradient, and the fractions were analysed immunologically and morphologically. Two main peaks of antigenic activities were obtained. The first peak showed activities of strong indirect hemagglutination (IHA), weak complement fixation (CF), and low production of agglutinin in mice, and produced 5 precipitin lines in immunodiffusion with homologous strain antiserum. It gave only partial protection to guinea pigs. No recognizable structural components were found electron microscopically in the first peak. The second peak, on the other hand, showed no IHA activity, strong CF activity, high production of agglutinin in mice, and produced no precipitin line in immunodiffusion. It gave complete protection to guinea pigs. Membrane fragments of the enveloping sheath were found electron microscopically in the second peak. The protective activity of SDS extract of leptospira was thus intimately associated with the activityes of agglutinin production and CF, as well as with the membranous structures of the enveloping sheath.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015021"}
{"pmid": "1015022", "title": "The dynamics of IgM- and IgG-antibodies in leptospiral infection in man.", "content": "The dynamics of IgM- and IgG-antibodies in leptospiral infection in man. The dynamics of specific agglutinating antibodies belonging to different classes of immunoglobulins in 1047 blood sera of 669 patients and persons who had recovered from leptospirosis was studied. 19S and 7S antibodies were found in sera of patients with simultaneous presence of Pomona and Grippotyphosa. The character of syntesis of specific leptospiral IgM and IgG antibodies correlated, but the concentration of the IgG was much lower. As a rule, IgM antibodies had a wide range of cross-reactions with leptospires of heterologous serogroups. However, IgG-antibodies in 85% of cases reacted with homologous leptospires only.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015022"}
{"pmid": "1015024", "title": "Studies on the role of sodium in the metabolism of halophilic leptospirae.", "content": "Studies on the role of sodium in the metabolism of halophilic leptospirae. Data from studies of the metabolic mechanism of the sodium dependence of halophilic leptospirae revealed that the presence of sodium - 1) has no effect on the oxygen uptake when the microorganism is oxidizing endogeneous and exogeneous substrates; 2) is not involved in the multiplication phase; but 3) is of importance for keeping the cell structure intact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015024"}
{"pmid": "1015023", "title": "Formation of antibodies and immunoglobulins of various classes in persons vaccinated with warm antileptospirosis polyvalent vaccine.", "content": "Formation of antibodies and immunoglobulins of various classes in persons vaccinated with warm antileptospirosis polyvalent vaccine. The results of the observations of 2 groups of 372 persons during 10 months showed that a twofold inoculation of corpuscular heated 6-valent antileptospiral vaccine ensures the formation of 19S-antibodies. The ratio 19S/7S antibodies was determined by inactivation of IgM agglutinins with the help of 2-mercaptoethanol. Quantitative content of immunolglobulins (G, A and M) was determined in parallel with the reaction of agglutination by the method of simple radial diffusion. Immunoglobulins of the class M in the serum of vaccinated persons increased as compared with control, whereas the content of IgG did not rise and that of IgA decreased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015023"}
{"pmid": "1015025", "title": "Ultrastructural changes in host cellular organelles in the course of the chlamydial developmental cycle.", "content": "Ultrastructural changes in host cellular organelles in the course of the chlamydial developmental cycle. Different stages in the chlamydial developmental cycle were correlated with cytopathic changes in host cellular organelles by ultrastructural analysis of infected cultured cells and cells of the intestinal mucosa of newborn calves. Four distinct morphologic forms of chlamydial development can be distinguished: elementary bodies, dispersing forms, reticulate bodies and condensing forms which proceed to form elementary bodies. From the stage of elementary body uptake through formation and multiplication of reticulate bodies, the host cellular changes consisted mainly of displacement of cellular organelles by the enlarging chlamydial inclusions in the cytoplasm of infected cells. Beginning with the formation of condensing forms and elementary bodies from 20 to 30 hours after infection, cellular organelles became altered and progressively damaged. The damage was initially degenerative and then necrotic. It consisted of loss of free ribosomes and polysomes, dilation and vesiculation of the endoplasmic reticulum network and vesiculation and loss of microvilli. The specific granules of enterochromaffin cells and the mucous droplets of goblet cells were reduced in number. The mitochondria and nuclei were affected last. The mitochondria became swollen and their cristae became fragmented. The nuclei of infected cells lost their normal chromatin pattern and proceeded to pyknosis and karyolysis. Rupture and lysis of cytoplasmic and inclusion membranes liberated the different chlamydial developmental forms. After release the elementary bodies remained ultrastructurally intact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015025"}
{"pmid": "1015027", "title": "Prostaglandins as possible mediators of fever genesis in man.", "content": "Prostaglandins as possible mediators of fever genesis in man. Prostaglandin concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 38 febrile patients (from infants up to adults) were compared with those of 19 afebrile adult control persons. CSF samples were extracted and the prostaglandins groups of the extract separated by column chromatography. Concentrations of prostaglandins of the E and F series were estimated by radioimmunoassay. In CSF of all feverish patients with meningitis, pneumonia, or pyelonephritis about 2-fold higher concentrations of prostaglandin E (PGE) were found that in those of the afebrile control persons. In contrast, concentrations of prostaglandin F (PGF) in adults and infants remained largely unchanged during fever; Solely, in 4 of the 8 babies examined, concentrations of PGF were also increased besides those of PGE. Repeated estimations of prostaglandin concentrations in CSF from the same patients showed, that concentrations of PGE, which had been elevated during fever, normalized after defervescence. The height of fever and the concentrations of PGE in CSF tended to correlate in a dose related manner. In correspondence with the results of animal experiments prostaglandins of the E series seem to act as mediators of fever during infectious diseases also in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015027"}
{"pmid": "1015026", "title": "Transferable gentamicin-tobramycin resistance in nosocomial strains of Proteus rettgeri from oncologic patients.", "content": "Transferable gentamicin-tobramycin resistance in nosocomial strains of Proteus rettgeri from oncologic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015026"}
{"pmid": "1015031", "title": "Studies on endotoxin of Erwinia herbicola and their biological activity.", "content": "Studies on endotoxin of Erwinia herbicola and their biological activity. The endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) preparations were extracted by the BOIVIN method from 10 strains of Erwinia herbicola isolated from the air of grain mills and from human and animal sources. It was found in assays for biological activity that these preparations had true endotoxic properties: lethality for mice, ability to produce primary inflammatory lesions in rabbit skin and ability to prepare rabbit skin for the local SHWARTZMAN reaction. Endotoxins obtained from five E. herbicola isolates were highly toxic and had mouse LD50 values ranging from 0.23 to 0.50 mg. The reparations derived from the remaining five strains were less potent with LD50 values ranging from 0.96 to 2.83 mg. The endotoxins of E. herbicola caused primary skin lesions (edema and/or erythema) in rabbits in the mean threshold doses (SLD50) of 1.33 to 5.94 mug and had the ability to prepare the rabbit skin for the local SHWARTZMAN reaction in the mean threshold does (SPD50) of 2.97 to 95.0 mug. The endotoxic properties of the E. herbicola preparations were similar to those of simultaneously tested enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides. The results of the mouse toxicity tests were positively correlated with those of the rabbit skin tests. In the additional tests the single preparations of E. herbicola showed two other endotoxic properties: ability to produce hemorrhagic lesions in rabbit skin after mixing with epinephrine and lethal effect on chick embryo. A preliminary chemical analysis of the trichloroacetic extracts of E. herbicola revealed low nitrogen and high carbohydrate contents as well as the presence of the common monosaccharides, reported in literature for endotoxins of various gram-negative bacteria. The significance of the presence of endotoxins in the ubiquitous E. herbicola rods is discussed, particularly with respect to occupational health hazard resulting from inhalation of vegetable dusts containing these organisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015031"}
{"pmid": "1015033", "title": "Complement-dependent hemolysis following hemagglutination by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.", "content": "Complement-dependent hemolysis following hemagglutination by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. When fresh guinea pig serum is added to chicken red blood cells (RBC) agglutinated by E. rhusiopathiae, the RBC lyse. This indicates that the E. rhusiopathiae-RBC complex is capable of inducing an alternative pathway of complement activation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015033"}
{"pmid": "1015034", "title": "Electrophoresis of water-insoluble leptospiral proteins and the taxonomy of Leptospira.", "content": "Electrophoresis of water-insoluble leptospiral proteins and the taxonomy of Leptospira. The cellular debris obtained after lysis of Leptospira were solubilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate and studied by polyacrylamide electrophoresis, comparing the molecular weight and relative concentration of the protein bands. The percentage similarity of 30 characteristic bands from 21 Leptospira strains, belonging to the main pathogenic and some saprophytic serogroups, was calculated; A partial matching of the derived dendrogram with the other classifications was observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015034"}
{"pmid": "1015049", "title": "Pathogenetic and clinical observations in spinovascular insufficiency.", "content": "Pathogenetic and clinical observations in spinovascular insufficiency. The data about the arterial spinal circulation in man are presented, some spinal syndromes \"unexplained still today\" in their pathogenesis are described, and the earlier attempts to formulate working hypotheses for the explanation of this spinovascular insufficiency are critically rediscussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015049"}
{"pmid": "1015056", "title": "Antibody response against swine fever following vaccination with C-strain virus.", "content": "Antibody response against swine fever following vaccination with C-strain virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015056"}
{"pmid": "1015060", "title": "The innervation of the tongue in the Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).", "content": "The innervation of the tongue in the Indian buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015060"}
{"pmid": "1015065", "title": "Some morphological variations in the venous circulation of the choroidea in man.", "content": "Some morphological variations in the venous circulation of the choroidea in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015065"}
{"pmid": "1015151", "title": "Glycoprotein nature of tannase in Aspergillus niger.", "content": "Glycoprotein nature of tannase in Aspergillus niger. 1. Tannase (tannin acyl-hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.20) was isolated from the culture medium of Aspergillus niger and purified about 200-fold. On polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis it gave a single band. 2. The molecular weight of the enzyme was of the order of 55 000 as determined by gel filtration. The enzyme contains 21.5% of carbohydrates (mannose and glucose). 3. Treatment of tannase with alkaline borohydride decreased the content of threonine, serine and mannose, suggesting that the carbohydrate-peptide linkage is of the O-glycoside type, involving mannose linked to threonine and serine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015151"}
{"pmid": "1015152", "title": "Effect of some lipids on the activity of renin in vitro.", "content": "Effect of some lipids on the activity of renin in vitro. A partially purified bovine renin preparation and a homologous renin substrate were used to study the effect of some lipids on the amount of angiotensin formed. It was found that lecithin and the detergents used (deoxycholate and sodium dodecylate) inhibited the renin activity. Palmitic acid, oleic acid and cholesterol had no distinct effect. On the other hand, the reaction was enhanced by prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015152"}
{"pmid": "1015153", "title": "Uptake of folate and its analogue-amethopterin by mouse L-cells.", "content": "Uptake of folate and its analogue-amethopterin by mouse L-cells. 1. The uptake of folate and amethopterin by the mouse transformed L-cells was found to depend on their extracellular concentration and time of incubation. The uptake conforms to Michaelis-Menten kinetics (Km values 10(-4) M and 10(-6) M for folate and amethopterin, respectively) and is temperature-dependent. 2. The observed differential effect of actinomycin D, cycloheximide and pCMB on the uptake of folate and amethopterin and lack of a pronounced transinhibition in the transport of these compounds indicate the existence in L-cells of two separate transport systems for folate and its analogue. 3. Methionine added to the culture medium enhances the uptake of folate, but not that of amethopterin. 4. Under conditions of methionine-dependent increase of folate uptake the activity of dihydrofolate reductase remains unaltered while that of methionine synthetase is markedly reduced. 5. The efficiency of folate uptake seems to be related rather to the modulations of methionine synthetase activity than to changes in the activity of dihydrofolate reductase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015153"}
{"pmid": "1015155", "title": "Fluorescence of radiation-induced collagen aggregates.", "content": "Fluorescence of radiation-induced collagen aggregates. Tropocollagen shows higher ultraviolet fluorescence (emission max, about 305 nm) and lower blue fluorescence (emission max. about 420 nm) than the dimers and tetramers isolated from irradiated collagen. This indicates dityrosine structures in the radiation-induced collagen aggregates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015155"}
{"pmid": "1015154", "title": "On sulfhydrylation of O-acetylserine and O-acetylhomoserine in homocysteine synthesis in yeast.", "content": "On sulfhydrylation of O-acetylserine and O-acetylhomoserine in homocysteine synthesis in yeast. Considerable differences in the activities of cysteine and homocysteine synthase (EC 4.2.99.8), and in the ratio of these activities were observed in yeast strains representing different genera and species. This suggests that homocysteine synthesis directly from O-acetylhomoserine may predominate in some strains, whereas in the others homocysteine is formed from cysteine via cystathionine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015154"}
{"pmid": "1015156", "title": "The presence of serine protease in pea embryo chromatin.", "content": "The presence of serine protease in pea embryo chromatin. 1. It has been shown that chromatin from pea seedlings contains a proteolytic enzyme, similar to that of mammalian chromatin. 2. The protease was isolated from chromatin by acid extraction and partly characterized. It is a serine-type enzyme, sensitive to DFP, of low mol. wt. (about 18 000 - 20 000), with optimum pH at about 8 with [3H]N-acetylated histone as a substrate. 3. In chromatin complex, histones fl and f3 are preferentially degraded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015156"}
{"pmid": "1015157", "title": "Circular dichroism of partially purified cytochrome P-450 from rabbit liver microsomes.", "content": "Circular dichroism of partially purified cytochrome P-450 from rabbit liver microsomes. The heme related circular dichroic bands of solubilized cytochrome P-450 from rabbit liver and some of its complexes with type I- and type II-substrayes and heme iron ligands were measured in the Soret region. All P-450 dersorption. The positions of the dichroic bands together with their ellipticities vary with ligand substitution and the oxidative state of the iron. The results are compared with CD-date of other hemoproteins and discussed with respect to stereochemical properties of the heme pocket.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015157"}
{"pmid": "1015159", "title": "Effect of chronic exposure to nitrogen dioxide on collagen fractions content in skin of guinea pigs.", "content": "Effect of chronic exposure to nitrogen dioxide on collagen fractions content in skin of guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were exposed to nitrogen dioxide in concentration of 2 mg/m3 (8 hrs. daily, 180 days). Control group inspired fresh air. Collagen fractions were estimated in skin and assayed as hydroxyproline concentration. An increase of total collagen content, due to on increase of salt-soluble collagen fraction was found in the skin of the exposed animals, while a simultaneous decrease of insoluble collagen content was observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015159"}
{"pmid": "1015161", "title": "Stimulation of rat and cat heart adenylate cyclase by triiodothyronine in the presence of 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate.", "content": "Stimulation of rat and cat heart adenylate cyclase by triiodothyronine in the presence of 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate. Adenylate cyclase activity in particulate preparations from the myocardium of rats and cats was unaffected by 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (L-T3) added in the absence of, or together with, 5-guanylylimidodiphosphate (Gpp(NH)p), a potent activator of the enzyme. Preincubation of the heart particles with Gpp(NH)p made the cyclase sensitive to L-T3 which then caused, in concentrations of 10(-8) M and higher, additional increases in enzyme activity up to about 50 per cent above the Gpp(NH)p-stimulated level. Similar effects after (GPP(NH)p treatment were produced by low concentrations of 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine (reverse T3) and 3,3',5-triiodo-D-thyronine, whereas diiodo-tyrosine, 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine, and 3'-isopropyl-3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine were without significant effect. The stimulatory action of L-T3 on cardiac adenylate cyclase pretreated with Gpp(NH)p may help to explain some of the acute effects of thyroid hormones on the heart that have been reported in the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015161"}
{"pmid": "1015160", "title": "Remarks on the investigation of sodium nucleinate by means of the limulus amebocyte lysate test.", "content": "Remarks on the investigation of sodium nucleinate by means of the limulus amebocyte lysate test. Results of investigations of sodium nucleinate by means of the limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test are described. It was found that the sensitivity of this new pyrogen test to bacterial lipopolysaccharides is nearly the same as to sodium nucleinate, which is prescribed as pyrogen standard in the Pharmacopeia of the German Democratic Republic and recommended as such in the Compendium Medicamentorum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015160"}
{"pmid": "1015165", "title": "Decreases of local brain temperature due to convection (local brain blood flow) and increases of local brain temperature due to activity.", "content": "Decreases of local brain temperature due to convection (local brain blood flow) and increases of local brain temperature due to activity. The influence of local brain blood flow upon variations of local brain temperature in chronical experiments was investigated in cats. It was found that changes of local brain temperature in chronic experiments are esclusively due to changes of local metabolic heat production as long as the temperature of brain inflowing blood remains constant. Decreases of temperature due to convection (increase of local blood flow) are smaller than increases of temperature due to activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015165"}
{"pmid": "1015172", "title": "N-terminal amino acid sequences of pepsinogens from dogfish and seal and of bovine pepsinogen B.", "content": "N-terminal amino acid sequences of pepsinogens from dogfish and seal and of bovine pepsinogen B. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of dogfish pepsinogen (8 residues), seal pepsinogen (26 residues) and bovine pepsinogen B (25 residues) have been determined. The primary structures of all three pepsinogens show considerable homology with those of zymogens of gastric proteases sequenced previously.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015172"}
{"pmid": "1015182", "title": "Renal artery stenosis and occlusion.", "content": "Renal artery stenosis and occlusion. Renovascular hypertension caused by renal artery stenosis was a coincidental discovery in 5 of the 6 patients presented. They did not have any comlaint and it was by routine bloodpressure measurement that hypertension was diagnosed. In one patient without hypertension stenosis of both renal arteries was seen on the aortography for an infrarenal aortic occlusion. Depending on the extent and localisation of the stenosis unilateral renal artery stenosis was treated by a saphenous vein graft interposition, or by an aortorenal vein patch. In a man with bilateral renal artery stenosis a venous bridge was constructed. Once an unilateral nephrectomy was necessary, the kidney being atrophic and a vascular correction impossible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015182"}
{"pmid": "1015202", "title": "Psychological and psychophysiological aspects of work and fatigue. (A review of papers presented at PC-IAOH Sub-Committee meeting on Higher Nervous Functions, Prague, july, 1975).", "content": "Psychological and psychophysiological aspects of work and fatigue. (A review of papers presented at PC-IAOH Sub-Committee meeting on Higher Nervous Functions, Prague, july, 1975).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015202"}
{"pmid": "1015203", "title": "Neuro- and psychotropic effects of industrial chemicals and performance-affecting drugs (human studies). A review of papers presented at the Workshop of PC-IAOH Sub-Committee on Higher Nervous Functions, Prague, July 1975.", "content": "Neuro- and psychotropic effects of industrial chemicals and performance-affecting drugs (human studies). A review of papers presented at the Workshop of PC-IAOH Sub-Committee on Higher Nervous Functions, Prague, July 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015203"}
{"pmid": "1015204", "title": "Neurobiological and behavioural toxicity in animals. a review of papers presented at the workshop of PC-IAOH sub-committee on Higher Nervous Functions, Prague, July 1975.", "content": "Neurobiological and behavioural toxicity in animals. a review of papers presented at the workshop of PC-IAOH sub-committee on Higher Nervous Functions, Prague, July 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015204"}
{"pmid": "1015205", "title": "Central processing and the role of inhibition in the development of healthy learning.", "content": "Central processing and the role of inhibition in the development of healthy learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015205"}
{"pmid": "1015206", "title": "Development of instrumental learning and memory processes in mice.", "content": "Development of instrumental learning and memory processes in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015206"}
{"pmid": "1015207", "title": "Ontogeny of active avoidance learning and memory.", "content": "Ontogeny of active avoidance learning and memory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015207"}
{"pmid": "1015208", "title": "Ontogenetic factors in the retrieval of memories.", "content": "Ontogenetic factors in the retrieval of memories. Although rats may show extensive forgetting if a long interval is interpolated between an aversive-conditioning episode and a retention test, this forgetting can be alleviated by a variety of reactivation treatment. This paper reports several experiments analyzing the consequences of one reactivation treatment - noncontingent presentation, between conditioning and testing, of the unconditioned stimulus - when applied to rats which differ in the age at which they are given their conditioning episode. After a long retention interval, both paradigms tested using this reactivation treatment are relatively ineffective for animals conditioned when 16--17 days of age, although both paradigms markedly alleviate forgetting when such immature animals are tested after relatively short retention intervals (a similar effect seems to occur with very old rats). Implications of this finding are tested and discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015208"}
{"pmid": "1015209", "title": "Triggering effect of the perinatal crisis on the conditioned reaction in newborn guinea-pig.", "content": "Triggering effect of the perinatal crisis on the conditioned reaction in newborn guinea-pig.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015209"}
{"pmid": "1015210", "title": "Usefulness of piracetam in intensive care.", "content": "Usefulness of piracetam in intensive care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015210"}
{"pmid": "1015211", "title": "Meptazinol: I.M. use in postoperative pain.", "content": "Meptazinol: I.M. use in postoperative pain. In a population of 39 patients, the new analgesic drug Meptazinol was tested in postoperative period at a dose of 100 mg I.M., administered only on request of the patient. Cardiovascular and respiratory parameters were not altered significantly. The onset of analgesia was rapid (+/- fifteen minutes) with a maximum reached after thirty minutes; the provided analgesia was good for about two hours as evaluated by the anesthetist and the nurse. The patient asked for a new dose only after about five hours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015211"}
{"pmid": "1015212", "title": "First experience with a new analgesic drug: buprenorphine.", "content": "First experience with a new analgesic drug: buprenorphine. Buprenorphine, a new analgesic drug, was used for treatment of immediate postoperative pain in a group of 30 patients. A standard dose of 4 mug/kg was given IM. Onset of action occurred 10 to 20 min. later; pain relief was very good to good in 73%, fairly good in 23% and insufficient in 3%. Duration of action was very long (Mean + SEM: 360 +/- 32 min.) Side effects were few.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015212"}
{"pmid": "1015213", "title": "Clinical study on etomidate.", "content": "Clinical study on etomidate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015213"}
{"pmid": "1015196", "title": "Metastatic cancer of the liver. Retrospective analysis of the clinical features in 166 patients with discussion on the possibility of early diagnosis.", "content": "Metastatic cancer of the liver. Retrospective analysis of the clinical features in 166 patients with discussion on the possibility of early diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015196"}
{"pmid": "1015215", "title": "Clinical use of etomidate, influence on blood pressure and heart rate. Comparison with thiopentone and methohexital.", "content": "Clinical use of etomidate, influence on blood pressure and heart rate. Comparison with thiopentone and methohexital. This study deals with blood pressure and heart rate measurements during the use of etomidate after premedication; the injection of etomidate is always preceded by 0.10 mg of fentanyl. Etomidate is compared with thiopentone and methohexitone. There appears to be no gross difference between the drugs as far as the blood pressure is concerned: it is decreased by 15-20%. The influence on the heart rate is typical for each drug: whereas thiopentone causes a rise of 23%, and methohexitone of nearly 40%, the rate remains constant in the etomidate series.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015215"}
{"pmid": "1015214", "title": "Etomidate, a new short acting, intravenous hypnotic.", "content": "Etomidate, a new short acting, intravenous hypnotic. Etomidate can be recommended for short procedures combined with fentanyl and for the induction of neuroleptanesthesia. It has advantages in poor risk patients because it has only negligible effects on the heart and the peripheral circulation. It has to taken in consideration though, that etomidate has only hypnotic and no analgesic action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015214"}
{"pmid": "1015201", "title": "Cefazolin in the treatment of biliary tract infections.", "content": "Cefazolin in the treatment of biliary tract infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015201"}
{"pmid": "1015217", "title": "Influence of etomidate, a new short acting anesthetic agent, on cerebral blood flow in man.", "content": "Influence of etomidate, a new short acting anesthetic agent, on cerebral blood flow in man. Cerebral blood flow was measured by means of a ten channel cerebrograph. This investigation was done after a corotid angiography; 2 to 3 miCi of Xenon133 was injected in the internal carotid artery. Beside CBF we measured arterial bloodpressures, heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, central venous pressures, blood gases and glucose in arterial blood, blood gases and glucose in the bulbus of the internal jugular vein and blood gases in mixed venous blood. In most regions CBF decreased significantly after Etomidate. The other parameters did not change. Only the heartrate slowed significantly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015217"}
{"pmid": "1015216", "title": "Clinical use of etomidate.", "content": "Clinical use of etomidate. Etomidate and methohexital were administered for induction of anesthesia in 45 patients who had to undergo open heart surgery. The anesthesia technique was otherwise standardised. Measurements of blood pressure and heart rate were obtained during a period of ten minutes after injection of the induction agent, and in a selected group of 16 patients cardiac index and stroke volume index were obtained by impedance cardiography. In the group of 45 patients, blood pressure one minute after induction was unchanged with Etomidate, but decreased (-6%) with methohexital. During intubation, important variations of systolic blood pressure occurred, specially with Etomidate (+ 36%) and less with methohexital (+ 21%). Heart rate increased in both groups during intubation (+ 41%) and returned towards starting value after ten minutes. In the group of 16 patients, cardiac index varied with Etomidate, decreasing during intubation (- 21%), increasing to + 32% and then returning to starting value afterwards. Heart rate increased with intubation (+ 39%) and was still somewhat elevated at ten minutes. Stroke volume index decreased with intubation (- 36%) and was still lower than the initial value at ten minutes (- 14%). With methohexital, cardiac index variations were less pronounced (+ 11%). Cardiac index was lower than the initial value at ten minutes (- 14%). Stroke volume index decreased with intubation (- 36%) and was still lower than the initial value at ten minutes (- 14%). This was compensated by an increase in heart rate. These measurements made during induction reflect the complex interaction of drug administration and technical manipulations. Blood pressure lowering one minute after the injection of methohexital can be ascribed to vasodilatation and myocardial depression. The important blood pressure and cardiac index variations observed with Etomidate are probably due to the short action and the lack of analgesic properties of this agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015216"}
{"pmid": "1015218", "title": "Etomidate and tonsillectomy.", "content": "Etomidate and tonsillectomy. Tonsillectomy under general anesthesia, one of the most commonplace operations there are, is more of a problem for the anesthetist than for the surgeon. Once intubated, the child or adult will be protected from any operative risks by correct ventilation and the protection of his upper airways. The only problem is that arising from the anesthesia required to carry out this intubation and from the consequences of this anesthesia on the waking period, which should be brief in order to avoid, after detubation, any reactions which might induce excessively deep sleep at that moment. In this respect we found etomidate, with its short duration of action, even after reinjection, just as interesting as methohexital. We should mention, however, that his product presents certain disadvantages the most troublesome of which seemed to be the pain provoked when this substance is injected. A new solution (of basic etomidate) still hardly presented this disadvantage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015218"}
{"pmid": "1015219", "title": "A comparative study of etomidate and methohexital as induction agents for analgesic anesthesia.", "content": "A comparative study of etomidate and methohexital as induction agents for analgesic anesthesia. Two hundred current surgical procedures were done in adult patients using neuroleptanalgesia with either methohexital (1 mg/kg) or etomidate induction (0.3 mg/kg) in half of the cases. The cardiovascular function was less altered with etomidate (less occurrence of tachycardia, blood pressure drops or systolo-diastolic pinching). The etomidate dosage chosen more often gave an immediate satisfactory sleep. However, with methohexital induction, less signs of awakening were observed during the surgical procedure. The frequent postoperative somnolence also points, although indirectly, to a longer residual effect of the barbiturate. Both drugs sometimes gave erythema. The injection of etomidate was more frequently painful in the arm. On the other hand, hiccups occurred with methohexital induction only. Etomidate induced myoclonia in one-third of the cases premedicated with diazepam and after preliminary injection of a minimal amount of fentanyl. Without these precautions, myoclonia can occur in two-thirds of the patients. However, these myoclonia are bothersome and of prolonged duration in rare instances and would be of real annoyance only when this drug would be used alone for surgical procedures of short duration where perfect patient immobility is required. We therefore conclude and confirm that etomidate is a good induction agent for neuroleptanalgesia anesthesia procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015219"}
{"pmid": "1015220", "title": "Clinical study of althesin and hypnomidate.", "content": "Clinical study of althesin and hypnomidate. A simple clinical and a more elaborate instrumental study are presented on the cardio-circulatory action of Althesine and Etomidate (Hypnomidate) compared to thiopental (Pentothal). Statistically is Althesin not significantly worse than thiopental but significantly worse than Hypnomidate. Hypnomidate is less aggressive than thiopental although non significantly. Succinylcholine (1 mg/kg) aggravates the heart depressant actions of the tested drugs, while the intubation of the trachea produces sometimes a serious pressor response which can not be always blocked by prior administration of a low dose (0.1 mg i.v.) Fentanyl.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015220"}
{"pmid": "1015222", "title": "Study of the cerebral blood flow in patients with brain lesions under anesthesia.", "content": "Study of the cerebral blood flow in patients with brain lesions under anesthesia. The influence of thiopental (Pentothal) on cerebral blood flow was studied by means of ten scintillationcounters in man on occasion of a carotid angiography. The patients received a basic anesthesia with 30% oxygen, 70% nitrous oxide and pancuronium bromide. When the anesthesia was stabilised, thiopental was given (4 mg/kg). The influence of barbiturates on autoregulation is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015222"}
{"pmid": "1015221", "title": "Cardiovascular effects of various anesthetics in man. Four short-acting intravenous anesthetics: althesin, etomidate, methohexital and propanidid.", "content": "Cardiovascular effects of various anesthetics in man. Four short-acting intravenous anesthetics: althesin, etomidate, methohexital and propanidid. Four groups of 15 patients without any cardiovascular or pulmonary pathology received an intravenous injection of one of the 4 studied anesthetics, Althesin (0.07 ml/kg), Methohexital (1.6 mg/kg), Etomidate 0.15 mg/kg) or Propanidid (6 mg/kg). Arterial pressure, heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output were measured every thirty or sixty seconds. Stroke volume decreased and heart rate increased with all of them, but most of all with Propanidid. The only statistically significant reduction of cardiac output was observed with Althesin. Arterial pressures did not vary. Under the conditions of the present study and at the dose levels mentioned, Etomidate produced the least changes in cardiac parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015221"}
{"pmid": "1015224", "title": "The effects of Ethrane on the hemodynamics of pulmonary circulation.", "content": "The effects of Ethrane on the hemodynamics of pulmonary circulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015224"}
{"pmid": "1015225", "title": "Cerebral blood flow under enflurane anesthesia.", "content": "Cerebral blood flow under enflurane anesthesia. Cerebral blood flow was measured, under controlled conditions of stable ventilation and PaCO2, in 11 patients suffering from cerebro-vascular lesions. Comparing the results under N2O-enflurane 1% anesthesia with those under N2O-fentanyl anesthesia shows an average 8.4% decrease of blood flow. In 5 cases, a third measurement was performed under N2O-enflurane 2% anesthesia. This caused an average 8.5% complementary decrease. Whereas most inhalational anesthetic agents produce an increase of cerebral blood flow, this is not observed with enflurane, the tendency rather being towards a decrease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015225"}
{"pmid": "1015226", "title": "Influence of enflurane on blood loss from the pregnant uterus.", "content": "Influence of enflurane on blood loss from the pregnant uterus. Uterine blood loss was measured in women undergoing therapeutic abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy. A first group, operated under paracervical block anesthesia, had a mean blood loss of 17 ml. The second group, anesthetized with pentothal, nitrous oxide and enflurane 1%, had a mean loss of 41 ml. The difference is statistically highly significant, but absolute blood losses remained small in both groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015226"}
{"pmid": "1015223", "title": "Cardiovascular effects of different anesthetics in man. Study of two volatile anesthetics: enflurane (ethrane), halothane (fluothane).", "content": "Cardiovascular effects of different anesthetics in man. Study of two volatile anesthetics: enflurane (ethrane), halothane (fluothane). In the first part of this paper we report the effects of 4 short acting intravenous anesthetics (althesin, etomidate, epontol, brietal) on the cardiovascular effects due to ethrane. In the second part we learn with the same induction anesthetic (etomidate) the cardiovascular effects of ethrane and fluothane. We have proved that: 1 degree althesin least potentiates the variations in the cardiovascular parameters under the action of ethrane, 2 degrees halothane 2% decreases more the blood pressure than ethrane 1%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015223"}
{"pmid": "1015227", "title": "The effect of enflurane and halothane on normal values of pulmonary function.", "content": "The effect of enflurane and halothane on normal values of pulmonary function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015227"}
{"pmid": "1015230", "title": "New anesthetic agents.", "content": "New anesthetic agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015230"}
{"pmid": "1015228", "title": "Impaired early insulin response to glycemic stimulus during enflurane anesthesia in dogs.", "content": "Impaired early insulin response to glycemic stimulus during enflurane anesthesia in dogs. We assayed glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in unanesthetised dogs and during enflurane anesthesia. When compared to the awake control animals, enflurane administration induced glucose intolerance with mild hyperglycemia resulting from decreased basal insulin secretion. Moreover, insulin secretion in response to a glycemic stimulus (intravenous glucose tolerance test) was impaired. Comparison between the net incremental insulin responses and the cumulative insulinogenic indexes suggests impaired insulin secretion is mainly related to a deficit in secretion from the acutely releasable insulin storage pool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015228"}
{"pmid": "1015229", "title": "Study of the renal function during anesthesia with halothane and enflurane.", "content": "Study of the renal function during anesthesia with halothane and enflurane. In this work, the renal function of ten patients has been studied during an anesthesia with halothane (5 patients) or enflurane (5 patients), a new volatile anesthetic agent. Before and during the anesthesia, the patients were perfused with Lactate Ringer solution. Blood and urine samples were regularly collected to allow the measures of the various parameters of the renal function. Halothane decreases the glomerular filtration rate, the renal plasmatic flow; the filtrated fraction remains stable. Enflurane decreases the glomerular filtration rate but increases the renal plasmatic flow; besides the filtrated fraction decreases. As far as water and electrolytes are concerned, halothane mainly decreases the urine output, the osmolar clearance and the fractional excretion of sodium. This suggests that it chiefly acts on the proximal tube of the nephron. Enflurane mainly decreases the urine output and the free water clearance. This suggests an effect on the distal tube of the nephron.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015229"}
{"pmid": "1015231", "title": "Ocular tonometry in the child under general anesthesia with IM ketamine.", "content": "Ocular tonometry in the child under general anesthesia with IM ketamine. In the young child, the ocular tension cannot be taken without general anesthesia. Most of the anesthetic drugs lower the ocular tension which may give false low results in glaucoma. Ketamine is the only practical drug elevating the ocular tension. To determine the amount of the change in ocular tension under ketamine, the ocular tension was measured under I.M. ketamine 5 to 10 mg/kg in 30 children without ocular disease. The ocular tension before the anesthesia has not been measured. As soon as the child fell asleep, the ocular tension was recorded between 15 to 20 minutes. We  noticed that the ocular tension remains stable in the beginning, but that it tends to rise after eight minutes of narcosis. So the ocular tension must be measured as soon as possible after induction, as soon as the child does not react to stimuli. Abnormal ocular tensions under ketamine are discussed. The ocular tensions under two different types of anesthesia (ketamine and methohexital + Thalamonal) are compared. Some examples of ocular tensions in glaucoma under ketamine are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015231"}
{"pmid": "1015232", "title": "Post-traumatic and postoperative treatment of severe brain injuries with controlled hyperventilation.", "content": "Post-traumatic and postoperative treatment of severe brain injuries with controlled hyperventilation. Controlled hyperventilation has shown to be an effective method of treatment in patients with pronounced brain edema and high ICP caused by accidental or surgical damage. This treatment has to be started as early as possible after the injury to avoid secondary changes and spreading cerebral edema leading to the impact of the brain-stem and thus irreversible brain damage. If conducted consequently, controlled hyperventilation will diminish mortality rate and increase the rate of valuable recoveries in all sorts of brain injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015232"}
{"pmid": "1015233", "title": "The prevention of irreversible lung changes following reversible phrenic nerve paralysis.", "content": "The prevention of irreversible lung changes following reversible phrenic nerve paralysis. Phrenic nerve paralysis frequently follows operations on the neck such as resection of a cervical or first rib. It all too often passes unrecognised or is incorrectly treated, leading to permanent lung damage which may be severe enough as to result in a functional pneumonectomy. This is particularly unfortunate since the phrenic nerve paralysis is usually temporary. Three case histories are described of reversible paralysis of the phrenic nerve in which, due to prompt diagnosis, the ensuing lung changes were either prevented or immediatley treated. Intermittent assisted respiration with a Monaghan respirator was used to provide nebulised inhalations of Mesna several times a day. The method is applicable via a tracheostomy, an endotracheal tube or a simple mouthpiece. The latter is illustrated. The therapy is not hindered by immobilisation of the head and neck and the level of consciousness of the patients is of no importance. Many chest X-rays demonstrate the rapid clearing of the lungs achieved. All three patients were discharged with perfectly normal lungs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015233"}
{"pmid": "1015234", "title": "Management of potentially fatal alcohol intoxication.", "content": "Management of potentially fatal alcohol intoxication. Severely alcohol intoxicated patients pass through all stages of anesthesia according to the Guedel classification. Additional illnesses or injuries might be present, however. These require careful investigation. Blood alcohol levels are no criterion for the degree of intoxication. The treatment varies and is based on clinical symptoms. In our series of more than 100 alcohol intoxicated patients the treatment generally consisted o Apomorphine, unless unconsciousness was present, and peripheral vasopressors, if necessary. Occasionally endotracheal intubation was required. On gastric aspiration via nasogastric tube only minimal amounts of alcohol could be recovered. With correct diagnosis and effective treatment the cure rate of acute alcohol intoxication should be as high as that of other intoxications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015234"}
{"pmid": "1015235", "title": "A computer module for the continuous monitoring of cardiac output in the operating theatre and the ICU.", "content": "A computer module for the continuous monitoring of cardiac output in the operating theatre and the ICU. A new pulse contour method to determine stroke volume and cardiac output continuously in patients on a beat-to-beat basis from the aortic pressure wave has been implemented in the form of a simple, inexpensive, fully automatic computing module for a commercially available patients monitoring system (Philips Medical Systems). Its reliability has been tested and shown in a computer analog, in experimental studies in 10 dogs (not reported here), in 22 hemodynamic studies on 20 young healthy volunteers and during 41 days in 20 postsurgical patients in the ICU, the most important result being that erros figures (15 and 19% respectively in the two human studies) are of the same order as when two standard methods, Fick and dye dilution are compared. The clinical studies have further indicated the easy applicability of the module 1 degree in the monitoring of critically ill patients in ICU's, 2 degrees as a monitor of the systemic circulation during anesthesia, and 3 degrees as a tool for studying the hemodynamic effects of pharmacological agents. The instrument consitutes no burden to the patients and has, several times during the course of the evaluation, provided an early warning of a deteriorating hemodynamic status of the patient to the physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015235"}
{"pmid": "1015237", "title": "Controlled hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside. A practical approach.", "content": "Controlled hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside. A practical approach. Although known since 1849 and introduced in medical practice 1955, sodium nitroprusside is used mostly in large medical centres fully equipped with monitoring equipment. This attitude has contributed that sodium nitroprusside is not as popular as it should be. An attempt is made to show that single banded practising anesthesist may and should use sodium nitroprusside to produce controlled hypotension, provided certain \"safeguards\" are followed. These safeguards are based on information got from the literature and own experience with sodium nitroprusside in obtaining controlled hypotension during anesthesia using sophisticated equipment as well as simplified monitoring, which is fully explained in the article.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015237"}
{"pmid": "1015236", "title": "Study on peroperative bleeding in ear, nose and throat surgery.", "content": "Study on peroperative bleeding in ear, nose and throat surgery. Some interventions in ENT surgery are very difficult or are even impossible if the slightest bleeding occurs. Microsurgery of the ear is the best example. For this reason we choose this particular intervention to test different anesthesia techniques. Bleeding in the surgical field is followed, while simultaneously respiratory, venous and arterial pressure tracings are recorded. These parameters are followed and changes can be attributed directly to observations by microscope of the surgical field. Successively neuroleptanalgesia in its pure form or with help of several drugs (trimetaphan, furosemide, enflurane) is studied. One conclusion can probably be made of the analysis of our series: an anesthesia with \"light\" analgesia gives better results than an anesthesia protecting completely the patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015236"}
{"pmid": "1015238", "title": "Cardiovascular effects of metacrylate methyl monomer intravenous injections in dogs.", "content": "Cardiovascular effects of metacrylate methyl monomer intravenous injections in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015238"}
{"pmid": "1015239", "title": "Some experience of the use of etomidate in children.", "content": "Some experience of the use of etomidate in children. Etomidate 0.2 mg/kg was used as an intravenous hypnotic to induce anesthesia in 198 children. If proved to be a safe and effective agent, with no appreciable side-effects on the cardiovascular or respiratory systems. The main problems in use were a high incidence (27%) of pain after injection, and a 10% incidence of significant myoclonia. In addition, 0.2 mg/kg was assessed as an inadequate induction dose of etomidate in unpremedicated children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015239"}
{"pmid": "1015240", "title": "Study of blood catecholamine levels before, during and after surgery, under different types of general anesthesia.", "content": "Study of blood catecholamine levels before, during and after surgery, under different types of general anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015240"}
{"pmid": "1015241", "title": "Cerebral malformation associated with metabolic disorder. A report of 2 cases.", "content": "Cerebral malformation associated with metabolic disorder. A report of 2 cases. A clinical and neuropathological study is presented of two cases each of which showed neuronal heterotopia. Microgyria was also present in one case. One patient was suffering from a degenerative disorder affecting the white matter. The other was a case of Menkes' disease. It is suggested that the antenatal damage may have been caused by an imbalance of the maternal metabolism, the predisposing factor being the mother's carrier state for a metabolic defect. This is the first report of teratogenesis in a case of Menkes' disease. It is also noted that in this case there is interference with the postnatal as well as the antenatal development of the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015241"}
{"pmid": "1015242", "title": "Anthrax meningitis. Report of two cases with autopsies.", "content": "Anthrax meningitis. Report of two cases with autopsies. The authors report two cases of occupation-related anthrax meningitis; one was direct contamination from a diseased animal; the second was due to handling of bone powder imported from India. The pathological pattern of involvement of the meninges and brain is described and discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015242"}
{"pmid": "1015243", "title": "Sequence of morphological alterations in the nervous system of metachromatic leucodystrophy. Light- and electronmicroscopic observations in the central and peripheral nervous system in a prenatally diagnosed foetus of 22 weeks.", "content": "Sequence of morphological alterations in the nervous system of metachromatic leucodystrophy. Light- and electronmicroscopic observations in the central and peripheral nervous system in a prenatally diagnosed foetus of 22 weeks. Light and electronmicroscopic findings are reported in a case of metachromatic leukodystrophy diagnosed prenatally who died after iatrogenic abortion during the 23th week of gestation. The brain of this foetus was not yet myelinated while the spinal cord showed early, and the peripheral nerves advanced myelination. The onset and the degree of myelination were similar as in a normal foetus of the same age. Ultrastructurally there was evidence of sulphatide storage before the beginning of myelination. During myelination lysosomal storage material, staining metachromatically in acid cresyl violet preparations, appeared in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells. Besides sulphatide storage material, prominent amounts of neutral lipids were found in oligodendrocytes. Myelin breakdown was encountered very seldom.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015243"}
{"pmid": "1015244", "title": "Cerebral \"radiation necrosis\": vascular and glial features.", "content": "Cerebral \"radiation necrosis\": vascular and glial features. Glial and vascular abnormalities in brain, simulating intracranial neoplasia, are described in a patient who received radiation to the pituitary region for treatment of an adenoma, 13 months before death. In addition to the expected changes of cerebral radionecrosis, four interesting features are cited: 1. Diffuse hyperplasia of capillaries in the cerebral cortex with marked endothelial hypertrophy; 2. abundant, large multipolar bizarre cells in the perivascular connective tissues; 3. focal astrocytic proliferation with many cells resembling either Alzheimer type I astrocytes or neoplastic cells, and 4. radiation changes in the non-irradiated brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015244"}
{"pmid": "1015252", "title": "Nucleic acids in human normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage.", "content": "Nucleic acids in human normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage. During operations on joints of patients with osteoarthritis, specimens of severely degenerated cartilage of the femoral head were removed and cartilage from knee joints taken at meniscectomy was used as control material. DNA and RNA concentrations were reduced in advanced osteoarthritis, while the synthesis of DNA and RNA was increased in relation to the number of cells in the tissue. The result showed that in advanced osteoarthritis the remaining chondrocytes are metabolically very active.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015252"}
{"pmid": "1015253", "title": "Effect of indomethacin on fracture healing in rats.", "content": "Effect of indomethacin on fracture healing in rats. The healing of closed, non-immobilized femoral fractures in rats was seriously impaired by indomethacin given orally at a dose of 2 mg/kg daily. The fracture haematomas were larger and disappeared later in the animals receiving indomethacin. Mechanical strength testing of fracture healing showed that maximal tensile strength, elastic stiffness and maximal bending moment between fragments were significantly diminished in the indomethacin-treated animals. Radiological examination showed a smaller amount of mineralized callus and a more pronounced angulation between the fragments in these animals than in the placebo-treated ones. Hsitological examination showed bridging between the fragments by callus tissue 24 days after fracture in placebo-treated animals, whereas indomethacin treatment was followed by histological findings resembling those seen in early pseudarthrosis development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015253"}
{"pmid": "1015254", "title": "Effect of fracture on longitudinal bone growth in rats.", "content": "Effect of fracture on longitudinal bone growth in rats. The growth rate in proximal tibia and distal radius in rats was investigated by the tetracycline method after femoral fracture, tibiofibular fracture, and metatarsal fracture. Up to 1 to 2 weeks after the fracture, a higher growth rate was recorded on the fractured side than on the unfractured side. This effect occurred later after tibiofibular fracture than after femoral and metatarsal fracture, but was almost of the same size and about 8 per cent of the normal growth rate. This difference in growth rate was caused partly by a general group retardation compared with the normal growth rate, and partly by a local growth stimulation in the fractured extremity. The growth retardation was pronounced after tibiofibular fracture, but was insignificant after femoral and metatarsal fracture. The growth rate on the fractured side after the latter two types of fractures was higher than under normal conditions. Thirty days after all types of fractures, the growth rate was normal, both in fractured extremity and in other growth regions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015254"}
{"pmid": "1015255", "title": "Muscle blood flow after amputation with special reference to the influence of osseous plugging of the medullary cavity. Assessed by 133 xenon and histamine. An animal experiment.", "content": "Muscle blood flow after amputation with special reference to the influence of osseous plugging of the medullary cavity. Assessed by 133 xenon and histamine. An animal experiment. The muscle blood flow (MBF) in rabbits subjected to amputation of the crus was assessed by means of 133 Xenon and Histamine. It was shown that after the operation the flow in the amputation stump was initially reduced. MBF in the stump increased more rapidly and stayed at a higher level after closure by myoplasty than after amputation without myoplasty, and it was still further stimulated after osseous plugging of the medullary cavity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015255"}
{"pmid": "1015256", "title": "An unusual case of subluxation of C.3-C.4.", "content": "An unusual case of subluxation of C.3-C.4. A case is reported of spontaneous subluxation of C.3 on C.4 in a 6-year-old boy due to an upper respiratory infection after surgical treatment for muscular torticollis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015256"}
{"pmid": "1015257", "title": "Fracture of the first rib.", "content": "Fracture of the first rib. Fifteen cases of isolated fracture of the first rib are submitted. The mechanism of the fracture is discussed. It proved compatible with the descriptions in the literature, caused either by direct trauma to the shoulder, a sudden violent contraction of juxtacostal muscles; or else it was a chance finding, without any history of trauma and as such interpreted as a fatigue fracture. A case of Horner's syndrome complicating a fracture of the first rib is also described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015257"}
{"pmid": "1015258", "title": "Pelvic strength after major amputation of the sacrum. An exerimental study.", "content": "Pelvic strength after major amputation of the sacrum. An exerimental study. Major sacral resections up to the level of S 1 and even higher have been performed. This has raised the question of the degree to which such operations weaken the pelvic ring. Fifteen cadaver pelves, including the fifth lumbar vertebra, were loaded to failure, five unresected, five after resection of the sacrum between S 1 and S 2, and five after resection about 1 cm below the promontory. The weakening of the pelvic ring amounted to approximately 30 per cent with the former type of resection and 50 per cent with the latter. Taking into consideration the calculated normal load on L 5 in upright standing it seems safe from this study to allow patients to stand with full weight-bearing at an early stage postoperatively after submaximal resection of the sacrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015258"}
{"pmid": "1015259", "title": "Wear of the polyethylene head of the Oscobal prosthesis.", "content": "Wear of the polyethylene head of the Oscobal prosthesis. Ten hemiarthroplasties were performed with the Oscobal (Daubenspeck) his prosthesis, which consists of a metal stem and a nonrotating ployethylene head. Five patients died 1-150 days after the operation. Signs of massive wear of the polyethylene head were demonstrated in four out of the five patients still alive 16-28 months after the operation. We can therefore not recommend the Oscobal system for hemiarthroplasty of the hip.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015259"}
{"pmid": "1015261", "title": "Old total rupture of the adductor longus muscle. A report of seven cases.", "content": "Old total rupture of the adductor longus muscle. A report of seven cases. Seven cases of old total rupture of the adductor longus muscle are described. Five patients were referred with the suspicion of a soft tissue tumour. Six patients reported an adequate trauma when thoroughly questioned; four of them had sustained the injury while playing soccer; the seventh patient could not recall any trauma. The diagnosis of this lesion is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015261"}
{"pmid": "1015262", "title": "Knee instability. An orthoradiographic study.", "content": "Knee instability. An orthoradiographic study. An orthoradiographic method for preoperative assessment of mediolateral instability and varus/valgus deviation in gonarthorsis is presented. A special definition of the varus/valgus deviation is given. The examination technique has been tested on 15 young, healthy subjects with no clinical signs or symptoms in their knee joints. To test the accuracy of the method, seven of the subjects were re-examined at a later date.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015262"}
{"pmid": "1015263", "title": "The incidence of osteochondritis dissecans in the condyles of the femur.", "content": "The incidence of osteochondritis dissecans in the condyles of the femur. The incidence of osteochondritis dissecans in the condyles of the femur was studied in a defined population and was found to be twice as common in men as in women; the maximum incidence in both sexes being between the ages of 10 and 20. The site of the lesion in the condyles did not differ between age groups. The indicence of diagnosied cases has increased somewhat in recent years but only in men. The incidence in the population is less than has been suggested in the past.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015263"}
{"pmid": "1015260", "title": "Bifurcation of the distal femur.", "content": "Bifurcation of the distal femur. Bifurcation of the femur has previously b-en reported in the literature in only 12 cases. Two more cases are added, and the etiology of this congenital anomaly is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015260"}
{"pmid": "1015264", "title": "Strontium-85 uptake in knee joints with osteochondritis dissecans.", "content": "Strontium-85 uptake in knee joints with osteochondritis dissecans. The uptake of Strontium-85 in the distal end of the femur and in the immediate vicinity of the lesion was measured in 12 young ment with ostoechondritis dissecans. The uptake was significantly but only slightly increased. It was confined to the area of the lesion, was less than observed in early cases of gonarthrosis and an order of magnitude less than in cases of osteonecrosis. It is concluded that the repair process of osteochondritis dissecans is very slow and involves only minor part of the bone tissue surrounding the lesion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015264"}
{"pmid": "1015265", "title": "Distal disinsertion of the patellar ligament combined with avulsion fractures at the medial and lateral margins of the patella. A case report and an experimental study.", "content": "Distal disinsertion of the patellar ligament combined with avulsion fractures at the medial and lateral margins of the patella. A case report and an experimental study. A 12-year-old boy presented with a proximally retracted patella 5 months after an injury to the left knee. The clinical and radiographic features and the findings at operation led to the conclusion that the original lesion had been a distal disinsertion of the patellar ligament combined with avulsion fractures at the medial and lateral margins of the patella, produced by the medial and lateral longitudinal patellar retinacula. Loading experiments on amputation and cadaver specimens showed that these retinacula, apart from being tendons for the vastus medialis and the vastus lateralis, respectively, constitute a direct fibrous connection of considerable strength between the patella and the tibia and thus are capable of producing avulsion fractures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015265"}
{"pmid": "1015279", "title": "Surgical treatment of spinal deformities resulting from neuro-muscular disorders.", "content": "Surgical treatment of spinal deformities resulting from neuro-muscular disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015279"}
{"pmid": "1015280", "title": "Surgical treatment of scoliosis by Harrington's method with additional transverse traction and stabilization.", "content": "Surgical treatment of scoliosis by Harrington's method with additional transverse traction and stabilization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015280"}
{"pmid": "1015296", "title": "3H-Thymidine labeled mast cells in mice treated with 20-methylcholanthrene: proliferation of precursor cells, their transformation into mast cells and migration of the latter.", "content": "3H-Thymidine labeled mast cells in mice treated with 20-methylcholanthrene: proliferation of precursor cells, their transformation into mast cells and migration of the latter. In an attempt to clarify the kinetics of increase of mast cells, autoradiographic studies were performed on the mice which received a painting of 20-methylcholanthrene on the skin. In the first experiment, mice received 20-methylcholanthrene painting on their back for two, four and eight weeks. A fourty-eight hours' cumulative labeling with 3H-thymidine was performed directly before sacrifice. No labeled mast cells were found in the painted skin, despite a marked increase of mast cells in number. In the second experiment, mice received 20-methylcholanthrene painting for thirty-one days. A twenty-four hours' cumulative labeling was performed three, five, seven, fourteen, twenty-one and thirty-one days before sacrifice. A high labeling index of mast cells, up to 61.29%, was obtained in each group. When the time lapse between the time of cumulative labeling and the sacrifice is long, the labeling index is higher in the subcutaneous tissue, and when the time lapse is short, the labeling index is higher in the subepidermal tissue. From these results it was concluded that; 1) An increase of mast cells is due predominantly to the proliferation of precursor cells and their transformation into mast cells. 2) The proliferation of precursor cells occurs mainly in the subepidermal layer of the skin. 3) After the transformation, mast cells may migrate into the deeper layer of the skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015296"}
{"pmid": "1015297", "title": "Sarcoma botryoides arising from the biliary tract of children. A case report with review of the literature.", "content": "Sarcoma botryoides arising from the biliary tract of children. A case report with review of the literature. Sarcoma botryoides (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma) originating from the common bile duct is reported in a 4-year-old girl. Grossly, the tumor is characterized by multiple polypoid and grape-like projections into the lumen of the common bile duct and shows plate-like thickening of the common bile duct wall. On multiple cut-sections these polypoid masses are soft and light yellow white except for multifocal hemorrhage. Histologically the tumor consists of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells with a myxomatous appearance; rhabdomyoblasts with varing degree of maturation are scattered here and there within the matrix. These cells are characterized by a strap and racket shape with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and elongated cytoplasm with cross striations. The histogenesis of the tumor may be related possibly to an abnormal differentiation of the primitive mesenchymal cells toward striated muscle cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015297"}
{"pmid": "1015298", "title": "Histopathology of Behçet disease. Review of the literature with a case report.", "content": "Histopathology of Behçet disease. Review of the literature with a case report. An autopsy case of Behçet disease which was considered to be typical both clinically and histopathologically was reported. Cerebral abscess was also noted. Consequently it was presumed that some of the findings which had been called softening, demyelination, cavitation among others as the lesions of Neuro-Behçet might be closely related to abscess. Besides suppurative endoaortitis which was thought to be of interest as the lesions of Vascular-Behçet was observed. In order to substantiate the above, a general review of the literature of Behçet disease was made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015298"}
{"pmid": "1015299", "title": "Disturbances in the electrical and contractile gastric activities after bilateral transthoracic vagotomy.", "content": "Disturbances in the electrical and contractile gastric activities after bilateral transthoracic vagotomy. Experiments were made on four dogs with chronically implanted electrodes. Fistula according to Bassov was made in one of the animals, and in each of the remaining three - two semiconductor silicon tensotransducers were sewn to the gastric wall. Bilateral transthoracic vagotomy results in inco-ordination between the rhythm of slow potentials generation from the body and from the antrum of the stomach. Slow potentials and contractions with frequencies usual for the stomach are recorded from the body of the stomach, while in the antrum there appear from time to time bursts of slow potential groups with relatively high frequency. These groups are not followed by contractions of the stomach wall or by changes in the intragastric pressure. Bilateral transthoracic vagotomy leads to disturbances in the conduction of the slow potential generated in the proximal segments of the stomach, as well as to distrubances in the propagation of the peristaltic wave.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015299"}
{"pmid": "1015278", "title": "Debridement in case of gonarthrosis.", "content": "Debridement in case of gonarthrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015278"}
{"pmid": "1015300", "title": "Character of the mechanical activity of the various sections of the complex stomach upon vagal stimulation.", "content": "Character of the mechanical activity of the various sections of the complex stomach upon vagal stimulation. The experiments are carried out on chloralose-anaesthesized sheep (50-70 mg/kg). The increase in the force, frequency and duration of the stimulating impulses in a geometric progression leads to an increase in the amplitude of the contractions in all sections of the complex stomach. The amplitude and nature of the evoked contractions for one and the same parameters of stimulation are different in the different sections. The latency of the response in the reticulum is always shorter and its contractions increase faster than in the other sections. The relaxation of the muscles after elimination of the stimulation to the initial level is slowest in the rumen and in the case of high parameters of stimulation it takes more than 10 min.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015300"}
{"pmid": "1015302", "title": "On the neurogenic vasoconstriction of the resistive vessels in cutaneous vascular bed--rabbit ear.", "content": "On the neurogenic vasoconstriction of the resistive vessels in cutaneous vascular bed--rabbit ear. A study was made of the effect of increased sympathetic activity during bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO), during haemorrhage and during i.v. injection of Tetramethylammonium jodatum (TMAI) on the resistive vessels in rabbit ears. The animal was under slight urethane anaesthesia, with spontaneous respiration after tracheotomy and vagotomy. The ear was perfused by roller pump with constant flow with tempered oxygenized Tyrode solution or with blood from a donor-animal. The increase in sympathetic activity during BCO, haemorrhage and injection of 100 mg/kg TMAI did not change the perfusion pressure in the perfused rabbit ear. The initial perfusion of the ear with blood increased the resistance of the ear, while perfusion with blood from donor-animal which had suffered considerable haemorrhage caused additional increase in the resistance by about 150 per cent. The effect of sympathetic constrictory influence of the resistive vessels is studied in view of the anatomic-functional specificities of the nerve supply of the ear and of the cutaneous vessels, in view of the passive dilatation of the resistive vessels, and of the thermoregulatory function of the ear. It is indicated that considerable hormonal vasoconstriction probably occurs in the rabbit ear during haemorrhage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015302"}
{"pmid": "1015301", "title": "Participation of adrenergic mechanisms in the genesis of the cortical brain electrical activity.", "content": "Participation of adrenergic mechanisms in the genesis of the cortical brain electrical activity. The changes both in the spontaneous and in the evoked electrical activity of the somatosensory cortex, occurring after local or systematic administration of chlorpromazine, have been studied on 36 cats. The neuroleptic used weakens both the spontaneous cortical electrical activity and that induced by stimulation of n. radialis and of MRF. The potentials evoked by stimulation of VPL do not change. Systematic administration of chlorpromazine causes analogous changes in the electrical activity of the somatosensory cortex. Stimulation of n. radialis and MRF, though not of VPL, results in a sharp increase in the activity of the adenylate cyclase in the somatosensory cortex. Local administration of chlorpromazine leads to statistically significant less marked increase in response to applied stimulations of the adenylate cyclase activity. The results obtained substantiate the assumption that adrenergic neurones participate in the formation both of the spontaneous and of the induced electrical activity in the somatosensory cortex of cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015301"}
{"pmid": "1015303", "title": "Vascular effects upon experimental increase in the interstitial osmolarity.", "content": "Vascular effects upon experimental increase in the interstitial osmolarity. Experimental increase in the interstitial osmolarity in the limb of a cat is caused by intraarterial infusion of hypertonic solutions. The limb was autoperfused with blood at a constant flow using a roller pump. Hypertonic Tyrode solutions with increased content of NaCl, glucose, l-ascorbic acid, with normal or increased KCl content, were infused together with the blood. The perfusion and arterial pressures were measured and the constrictory response upon local intraarterial injection of 0.2 mug 1-noradrenaline was determined. The intraarterial hypertonic infusion evoked a vasodilatatory response which was maintained irrespective of the reduced or preserved vascular contractility. The magnitude of the vasodilatation was determined by the hypertonicity of the solution and by the KCl content. Hyperosmolaric reduction of the vascular contractility was lacking in the case of solutions with increased KCl content or addition of l-ascorbic acid. The vasodilatation observed also when the contractility was not reduced is discussed in view of the participation of a passive vasodilatation caused by the dehydration of the vascular wall. The effect of the changes in the transmembrane Na+ and Ka+ concentrations on the reduction of the vascular contractility is also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015303"}
{"pmid": "1015304", "title": "In vitro effect of prostaglandine F2alpha on the motility of the myometrium. Interactions with adrenergic and cholinergic receptors.", "content": "In vitro effect of prostaglandine F2alpha on the motility of the myometrium. Interactions with adrenergic and cholinergic receptors. The in vitro effects of prostaglandine F2alpha(PGF2alpha) on the spontaneous contractile activity of the myometrium of rat, guinea-pig and rabbit and its interactions with adrenergic and cholinergic receptors were studied. All animals were with oestrogen domination. One myometral strip of each animal species was placed under identical conditions in a common bath with Krebbs solution. Each strip was connected to a strain gauge for the recording of the contractile activity. L-Noradrenaline (N) and Adrenaline (A) in doses of 10(-6) g/ml inhibit the contractile activity of rat myometrium (stimulation of the beta-receptors) and this effect is antagonized by beta-blocking agents. Conversely, N and A stimulate the myometrium of guinea-pigs and rabbits (stimulation of the alpha-receptors) and this effect is antagonized by the alpha-blocking agents. Unlike N and A, PGF2alpha stimulates the contractile myometral activity in all three species and its effect is not antagonized either by adrenergic or by cholinergic blocking agents. The stimulating effect of PGF2alpha antagonizes the inhibitory effect of N and A on rat myometrium and potentiates their stimulating effect on the myometrium of guinea-pigs and rabbits with a noncompetitive mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015304"}
{"pmid": "1015291", "title": "Pulmonary artery pressure changes in infants with bronchiolitis.", "content": "Pulmonary artery pressure changes in infants with bronchiolitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015291"}
{"pmid": "1015290", "title": "Familial hypoplastic left heart syndrome.", "content": "Familial hypoplastic left heart syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015290"}
{"pmid": "1015305", "title": "Effect of exhaustive swimming on the oxidative phosphorylation and the activity of some enzymes in rat liver mitochondria.", "content": "Effect of exhaustive swimming on the oxidative phosphorylation and the activity of some enzymes in rat liver mitochondria. In liver mitochondria of control animals and of animals subjected to swimming for three hours experiments are made to determine the activities of rotenone-insensitive NAD.H-cytochrome c-oxireductase, succinate-cytochrome c-oxireductase, MDH, SDH, ATP-ase and cytochrome oxidase, as well as oxygen uptake, respiratory control index and ADP/O ratio upon oxidation of succinate and glutamate + malate. Decrease of the ADP/O ratio and of the respiratory control index, as well as increased ATP-ase activity, are established after swimming. The e--transport rate decreases. The activity of the remaining enzymes is unchanged. The activities of MDH, SDH, NAD.H-cytochrome c- and succinate-cytochrome c-oxireductases decrease 22 hours after exhaustive swimming. The activities of the cytochrome oxidase and the ATP-ase are unchanged compared with the controls. A single exhaustive loading results in changes in the capacity of phosphorylation in the liver mitochondria and the changes in the activities of the enzymes studied are established 22 hours later.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015305"}
{"pmid": "1015294", "title": "Neonatal Coxsackie B3 sepsis.", "content": "Neonatal Coxsackie B3 sepsis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015294"}
{"pmid": "1015307", "title": "Effect of the verbal instruction on the late positive wave P3 of auditory evoked potentials in human subjects.", "content": "Effect of the verbal instruction on the late positive wave P3 of auditory evoked potentials in human subjects. The changes in the late positive wave P3 of the averaged evoked potentials (AEP) are studied under conditions when: (a) only high tones were presented requiring no motor response; (b) only low tones were presented requiring motor response; (c) the subject was instructed that the two types of tones will be presented in random order with a definite probability (50%:50% or 25%:75%, or conversely 75%:25%) requiring motor response only to the low tones. In fact, however, only high tones were presented to which no motor response was required (pseudo-mixed series). It has been established that under the effect of the verbal instruction used, the P3 wave of the AEP of the pseudo-mixed series increased at the beginning of the series, and thereafter the P3 \"behaviour\" was different with the different subjects: (1) In some of them P3 persisted until the presentation of a definite number of signals (different for the individual subjects) and afterwards it disappeared; (2) In some others P3 now increased now disappeared in a manner different for the different subjects; (3) Subjects in which P3 remained pronounced throughout the entire series; they also \"heard\" low tones. All these changes in P3 did not depend on the probability characteristics of the pseudo-mixed series ascribed by the instruction. The dependence of the late positive wave P3 on the processes of probability prediction in the human brain functioning, and on the changes in the arousal, is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015307"}
{"pmid": "1015306", "title": "Experimental study of the effects of imidazol, papaverine and histamine on convulsive-seizure reactivity.", "content": "Experimental study of the effects of imidazol, papaverine and histamine on convulsive-seizure reactivity. In experiments on male albino rats and mice a study is made of the effects of imidazol which is a phosphodiesterase stimulator, papaverine which inhibits phosphodiesterase and histamine which stimulates adenylate cyclase, on the convulsive-seizure reactivity. The substances are introduced intraventricularly and intracerebroventricularly, imidazol also intraperitoneally in different doses and at different intervals before the convulsive agent. Electrical, pentylenetetrazol (Cor) and strychnine convulsion models are used. The effect of imidazol on the spontaneous cortical bioelectrical activity is studied throuth its i. v. administration in rabbits. Imidazol markedly increases the convulsive reactivity, and in large doses it alone results in electrographic and motor convulsions. Paperine slightly lowers the convulsive-seizure reactivity only in pentylenetetrazol convulsions. The results obtained and their comparison with the results of previous experiments of ours with other drugs affecting the cyclic adenosinemonophosphate (cAMP) system, such as lithium, haloperidol, caffeine and theophyline, do not permit to assume a considerable significance of the influence of these substances (in the doses tested) on the cAMP system in the mechanisms of their effects on the convulsive-seizure reactivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015306"}
{"pmid": "1015292", "title": "Levamisole therapy for cellular immunologic deficiency with high IgE values.", "content": "Levamisole therapy for cellular immunologic deficiency with high IgE values.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015292"}
{"pmid": "1015308", "title": "Dynamics of the partial restoration of slow-wave frequency of the duodenum below transection.", "content": "Dynamics of the partial restoration of slow-wave frequency of the duodenum below transection. Transection of the proximal duodenum of dogs was followed by end-to-end anastomosis. The electrical activity of the duodenal wall of both segments was recorded. On the background of decreased slow-wave frequency below the section single slow waves were observed with duration similar to that of the slow waves above the section. In the days after surgery their number increased, small groups of such waves appearing during and after spike activity. In some of the experiments from the end of the first month of the sixth month after surgery the slow wave frequency below the section approached the slow wave rhythm above the section as evidenced by the histograms. This was a temporary phenomen, which was partly eliminated by cholinergic and alpha- and beta-adrenergic antagonists. Such a phenomenon was also observed in definitively spearated distal segments of the duodenum. Histological examination of intestinal wall taken from the area of anastomosis showed on the 3rd day the presence of single smooth-muscle cells among the granulation tissue, filling the gap between the wound edges; on the 6th day the number of these cells increased and on the 9th and 12th day they formed small groups. From the end of the first month to the sixth month small sheaves of smooth-muscle cells were observed in the cicatricial tissue. It is concluded that the intrinsic nervous system keeps the slow wave frequency below the duodenal transection at a higher level than the smooth muscle cell regeneration might ensure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015308"}
{"pmid": "1015293", "title": "Scintigraphic diagnosis of subdural collections in children: improved accuracy with delayed imaging.", "content": "Scintigraphic diagnosis of subdural collections in children: improved accuracy with delayed imaging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015293"}
{"pmid": "1015295", "title": "Reye's syndrome: much work remains to be done.", "content": "Reye's syndrome: much work remains to be done.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015295"}
{"pmid": "1015309", "title": "On the adrenergic mechanism of cerebrovascular resistance regulation.", "content": "On the adrenergic mechanism of cerebrovascular resistance regulation. It has been found out experimentally that there is a decrease in the pressor action of noradrenaline on cerebral vessels during repeated injections, which is probably due to the increased concentration of endogenic prostaglandins in response to noradrenaline administration. During inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis we have observed reverse action -- increase in noradrenaline pressor action and sympathetic effect on cerebral vessels. The hypothetic scheme of prostaglandin participation in adrenergic regulation of cerebrovascular tone is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015309"}
{"pmid": "1015310", "title": "Effect of the drug AS2 on the central and peripheral mechanisms of vascular tone regulation.", "content": "Effect of the drug AS2 on the central and peripheral mechanisms of vascular tone regulation. The effect of the compound AS2 (N'-benzhydryl, N''-allylpiperazine dihydrochloride) on the central and peripheral mechanisms of vascular tone regulation is studied. Six series of experiments on cats are carried out. The effect of the compound is tested on a model of central-hypertensive reaction, on the spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the renal nerve, on the transmission of excitation to the upper cervical ganglion and the ganglia of the solar plexus. Experiments are made to study its adrenolytic a-d myotropic properties. Cinnarizine is tested as control. The results show that the compound AS2, similar to Cinnarizine, affects the central and peripheral mechanisms of vascular tone regulation. In small doses (1-5 mg/kg) AS2 manifests poor myotropic properties. Administration of the drug in doses of 10-20 mg/kg results in considerable inhibition of the vasomotor centres, brief disturbances in the excitation transmission in the sympathetic ganglia and slight inhibition of adrenergic transmission.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015310"}
{"pmid": "1015311", "title": "Effect of imidazole, papaverine and histamine on learning and memory in albino rats.", "content": "Effect of imidazole, papaverine and histamine on learning and memory in albino rats. In experiments for learning of albino rats in a maze and testing of the memory 24 hours and 30 days after learning, it was established that: Imidazole introduced i.p. in doses of 10, 30 and 60 mg/kg had no effect on learning, though it improved the memory both after administration 1 to 15 min before learning and when injected immediately after learning. Papaverine in doses of 2, 0.5 and 0.1 mg/rat and histamine in doses of 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 mg/rat, introduced ventricularly before learning, make learning impossible (the large doses), deteriorate it (the medium doses), or have no effect on it (the small doses). Memory also deteriorates, with the exception of the smallest histamine dose. Introduced immediately after learning, the large dose of papaverine deteriorates memory, while the small dose results in a tendency to improve the memory indices upon testing 24 hours after the administration. The large dose of histamine administered after learning has no effect, the small dose results in a certain tendency to improve memory when tests are made 30 days after learning. The results obtained and their comparison with the results of previous works of ours involving other drugs with a known effect on the system of the cyclic adenosinemonophosphate (cAMP), e.g. haloperidol, lithium, caffeine and theophylline (in the doses tested), do not suggest any essential role of the effect of these drugs on the cAMP system in the mechanism of their effects on learning and memory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015311"}
{"pmid": "1015312", "title": "Method for assessment and comparison of the average rate of development of the phases of the contractile process in isolated smooth muscles.", "content": "Method for assessment and comparison of the average rate of development of the phases of the contractile process in isolated smooth muscles. In certain methodological setups the pharmacological agent is applied in a flowing fluid and washes the smooth-muscle preparation for a certain period of time. In such cases it is possible to observe differences in the slope of the curves of the contractile and relaxation phases of the contraction and appearance of the amplitude maximum at different moments in the total duration of the contractile process. The recording of the average development rates of the contraction phases, in addition to the commonly accepted indicator of th effect of the amplitude maximum, could give an additional characteristic to the action of the pharmacological substances. A method is proposed for determination of the average rates of the contractile and relaxation phases, as well as the relative dependence between them.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015312"}
{"pmid": "1015313", "title": "Pharmacological effect on the average rates of development of the contractile and relaxation phases of the acetylcholine contractile effect in the smooth muscles of guinea-pig caecum.", "content": "Pharmacological effect on the average rates of development of the contractile and relaxation phases of the acetylcholine contractile effect in the smooth muscles of guinea-pig caecum. The average rates of development of the contractile and relaxation phases and their relative dependence in the acetylcholine contractile effect, after treatment with papaverine, prostaglandines E1 and F2 alpha and BaCl2, are tested on longitudinal and circular smooth muscles of guinea-pig caecum. Changes are observed in the effect on the phase rates of the contractile process caused by acetylcholine in the two muscles under the effect of the different drugs. In both muscles the relative dependence between the phase velocities is lowered by papaverine and raised by BaCl2. It is assumed that the interaction of the pharmacological substances with the calcium ions plays a role in the rate of manifestation of the pharmacological effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015313"}
{"pmid": "1015314", "title": "Coordination between the longitudinal and circular layers of the stomach during the excitator-contractile process.", "content": "Coordination between the longitudinal and circular layers of the stomach during the excitator-contractile process. The coordination between the longitudinal and circular layers of the stomach muscle is studied using strips of cat stomach cut along the longitudinal and circular axis of the stomach, preserving the connection between them. The longitudinal muscle layer plays a leading role both with respect to the bioelectrical and to the contractile activity of the stomach. Under the effect of acetylcholine (10-7) the delay time of the circular muscle layer is shortened compared with the longitudinal layer (from 2.44+/-0.17 to 0.8+/-0.7 s). Under the effect of Ba ions not only shortening of this time is observed, but also inversion of the process-the circular layer becomes leading with respect to the contractile process in some moments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015314"}
{"pmid": "1015315", "title": "Duration estimation of visual light and dark stimuli.", "content": "Duration estimation of visual light and dark stimuli. Estimation of visual light and dark stimuli duration is studied in eight subjects. The intervals are within the range of 100 to 1,100 ms. Three of the subjects were trained with intervals presented with light stimuli, the others - with dark stimuli. Time intervals presented in both ways were given for estimation to both groups of subjects. The extimates depend on the position of the time intervals in the range, on the type of the stimuli with which they are presented and on the way of training.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015315"}
{"pmid": "1015316", "title": "Estimation of time intervals in an array of intervals. I.", "content": "Estimation of time intervals in an array of intervals. I. It has been shown that when man estimates the duration of separate brief time intervals(300-1,000ms), elements of a certain array of time intervals within the same range, the estimation is not affected by changes in the other elements of the array. The complex light and dark intervals are considerably underestimated. The separate estimation of two elements (light and dark interval) from the array has shown that the sum of the separate responses exceeds the estimation when the same two elements have to be estimated together as a total interval. The results could be explained by the existence of at least two \"internal clocks\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015316"}
{"pmid": "1015317", "title": "Mechanisms of correction in a \"hit the target\" task experiment.", "content": "Mechanisms of correction in a \"hit the target\" task experiment. The ability of men to change their behaviors depending on previous errors is studied. It is found that in a task involving pressing of a key simultaneously with the second of two consecutive light signals with a constant intersimulus interval (800 ms), the subjects altered their responses alteration depending on the preceding error. Using the same task but with variable intersignal interval (750, 800 and 850 ms) and provided the subjects did not understand that in fact three different intervals were presented to them, it was found that the same corrections were made as in the task with constant interval. The different subjects accepted the task differently and therefore their mean response times and the slope of the regression line are different.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015317"}
{"pmid": "1015318", "title": "Changes in the late positive wave of auditory evoked potentials in simple reaction--time tasks.", "content": "Changes in the late positive wave of auditory evoked potentials in simple reaction--time tasks. A comparison is made of the averaged evoked potentials (AEP) to auditory signals obtained in three different series: (a) a series consisting of high tones only to which no motor response was required; (b) a series consisting of low tones only in which quick motor response was required; (c) a series consisting of the same low tones and elimination of the requirement for quick motor response. It was found that the late positive wave P3 of AEP changed in the different series. In the series requiring no motor response P3 was poorly expressed, in the series requiring quick motor response P3 markedly increased and in the series in which the requirement for quick motor response was eliminated, it decreased again. The AEP configuration from the last series repeated that obtained from the indifferent signals. Moreover, on evoked potentials to signal trials and analysis was made of the dispersions in the P3 latencies under conditions requiring motor response. Their difference was found to be insignificant. The results obtained are explained by the assumption that the wave P3 reflects the activity of the central nervous system related to evaluation of the outcome and with the result of the prediction and the planned speed of the motor response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015318"}
{"pmid": "1015320", "title": "Participation of bivalent ions in the acetylcholine-provoked gastric smooth-muscle phasis contractions.", "content": "Participation of bivalent ions in the acetylcholine-provoked gastric smooth-muscle phasis contractions. Experiments were carried out on muscle strips from cat antrum. Acetylcholine added to Ca++ -free medium containing EDTA (10-5M) exerted no effect on the phasic contractions of the gastric smooth muscle. Ba++at low concentrations (0,1 to 0,5mM) replaced Ca++with respect to the acetylcholine effect. On the background of blocked cholinergic (atropine 10-5M) and adrenergic (phentolamine 10-5 M and propranolol 10-5M) structures Ba++ provoked slow potentials and cotractions with a frequency of 9 to 10 cpm. delta600 (10-5M) blocked the Ba++-induced myogenic electrical and contractile activities of the smooth muscle. The role of the cholinergic structures for synchronizing the electrical and contractile activities of the smooth muscle is considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015320"}
{"pmid": "1015319", "title": "About the human visually evoked cortical potentials in response to train stimulation.", "content": "About the human visually evoked cortical potentials in response to train stimulation. Cortical potentials were elicited by means of light pulse trains delivered at varying number and frequencies of flashes. The stimulation trains evoked distinct series of individual responses up to flash interval of 35 ms, the shape of which was influenced by the number of the flasches in the trains. A gradual decrease of the second (and some later) wave in the response was observed beginning at flash interval of 80 ms and depending on the number of the flashes in the stimulation train. The fading away of the second wave at high-rate intermittent light stimulation is discussed in respect to some previous findings at retinal and cortical levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015319"}
{"pmid": "1015337", "title": "[Vital contact with reality].", "content": "[Vital contact with reality]. From the standpoint of existential phenomenology, the contact with reality lies in the very phocus of theory, being closely related to another basic conception: that of being-in-the-world. In order to ratify those conceptions, the author reviews some concepts imported from Kurt Lewin's Field Theory, among which: a) vital psychological space, embedding the subject and in close interchange with him; b) intrapsychic regions, having, to a certain extent, autonomous functions, but being related to each other and integrated into the higher unity of the subject. As both systems are interdependent, any modification of the equilibrium of one of them reverberates into the other's, and changes the general conditions of both of them. Reviewing, at the same time, Minkowski's views on schizophrenia, the author sets forth the production of an inner world that becomes autonomous and possesses a degree of reality that overwhelms the true outer world. There is not only the splitting from reality, but the creation of a whole fantastic field, in which the individual participates with all his vital availability. Both views lead to a similar contention: that in some pathological states, the primal link man-real world, is replaced by a new inner correspondence, focused on the imaginary and having effects similar to those of the real world.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015337"}
{"pmid": "1015352", "title": "A case report including EM and DNA repair investigations in a dermatosis associated with multiple skin cancers: epidermodysplasia verruciformis.", "content": "A case report including EM and DNA repair investigations in a dermatosis associated with multiple skin cancers: epidermodysplasia verruciformis. This report describes the clinical, histological and electron microscopic observations in a 51-year-old male with epidermodysplasia veruciformis (EV). Cells with early signs of malignant transformation were found closely connected with virus infected epidermal regions. Skin cancers appeared initially on sun-exposed areas, such as the face and ear lobes. The UV-induced DNA repair synthesis was therefore studied, utilizing peripheral leukocytes. The patient had 40% lower UV-induced DNA repair synthesis than the mean of nine healthy subjects of the same age. These results suggest that a decrease in UV-induced DNA repair synthesis in combination with a possibly oncogenic viral infection may enhance the disposition for somatic mutations and malignant transformation in patients with EV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015352"}
{"pmid": "1015353", "title": "The postinfarction clinic in Göteborg, Sweden. A controlled trial of a therapeutic organization.", "content": "The postinfarction clinic in Göteborg, Sweden. A controlled trial of a therapeutic organization. Since Jan. 1, 1968, a Postmyocardial Infarction Clinic has been operating in Göteborg, Sweden. The methods used have been presented previously in this journal. The present study compares 96 male postinfarction cases, 57-67-year-old, treated at the Postmyocardial Infarction Clinic and a random sample of 85 patients not treated at the clinic. The mortality did not differ between the groups but there was a significant difference with regard to non-fatal reinfarction. The reasons for this are only partially explained by better control of accepted cardiovascular risk factors in the group treated at the clinic. Cessation of smoking was vigorously recommended but lipid lowering, antiarrhythmic or anticoagulant drugs were never used in this group. The results indicate that formalized management of homogeneous patient groups may achieve a general reduction of recurrences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015353"}
{"pmid": "1015355", "title": "Systolic time intervals in cardiac tamponade.", "content": "Systolic time intervals in cardiac tamponade. Systolic time intervals (STI) have been measured in three patients with cardiac tamponade. The left ventricular ejection time (LVET), the preejection period (PEP) and the ratio PEP/LVET deviated significantly from the normal values. All three parameters improved immediately after pericardiocentesis and aspiration. The total electromechanical systole changed to only a minor degree. Measurement of STI may be a valuable tool in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac tamponade.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015355"}
{"pmid": "1015354", "title": "Prognosis of patients with complete heart block or arrhythmic syncope who were not treated with artificial pacemakers. A long-term follow-up study of 101 patients.", "content": "Prognosis of patients with complete heart block or arrhythmic syncope who were not treated with artificial pacemakers. A long-term follow-up study of 101 patients. This paper reports the results of a retrospective study carried out with special reference to the survival rate in a series of 101 selected cases including patients with complete heart block (CHB) combined or not combined with Adams-Stokes attacks and patients with arrhythmic syncope without ECG evidence of CHB. All these patients were treated in our Department during 1958-68, none being artificially paced. Twenty-seven patients were alive at the end of the follow-up, i,e 6-15 years after admission to this Department on account of syncopal episodes or CHB. The survival rate--higher in females than males--was lower in the cases of CHB combined with Adams-Stokes attacks than in the cases of asymptomatic CHB. This applied also to the instances in which a complicating disease such as ischaemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension, diabetes, digitalis intoxication or cardiac enlargement coexisted. The survival rate in the 68 cases of CHB was higher at one year (68%) as well as at 5 years (37%) than that reported by other investigators. When assessing the survival rate in cases treated with artificial pacemakers, it is important to study the individual case histories with special reference to a previous or coexisting condition such as IHD, hypertension, diabetes or the presence of cardiac enlargement. The present results support the view that the indications for treatment with artificial pacing should be wide, albeit that the prognosis in this series was more favourable than might have been anticipated from observations by others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015354"}
{"pmid": "1015356", "title": "Mortality pattern among initial survivors of acute myocardial infarction using a life-table technique.", "content": "Mortality pattern among initial survivors of acute myocardial infarction using a life-table technique. The 5-year pattern of mortality among 475 immediate survivors of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (mean age 65 years on entry) is described by a life-table technique. The risk of death was highest during the early part of the follow-up. After 3-4 years, the prognostic influence of the AMI seemed to be overshadowed by the age effect. Special attention was paid to the incidence of sudden death, a fictive elimination of which was shown to reduce the risk of death by 9-22% during the different years of the investigation period. The absolute number of sudden deaths was highest during the early part of the follow-up period but the relative importance of this mode of death was approximately the same during the entire 5-year period after the AMI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015356"}
{"pmid": "1015360", "title": "On the influence of concomitant food intake on sulfonamide bioavailability.", "content": "On the influence of concomitant food intake on sulfonamide bioavailability. The influence of food intake on the bioavailability of a frequently used short-acting sulfonamide, sulfaisomidine (Elkosin), has been examined in eight healthy volunteers. The drug was administered as a single oral dose, both on an empty stomach and together with a standardized breakfast. Numerous venous blood samples were drawn for the first eight hours after ingestion of the drug, and the concentration of unmetabolized sulfonamide in serum was assessed by spectrophotometry. The observations indicate that concomitant food intake alters neither absorption rate, peak concentration, time to reach peak concentration, elimination rate, nor total amount of sulfonamide reaching the general circulation. Thus, the absorption of orally administered sulfaisodimidine is not at all affected by concomitant intake of food. This finding contrasts with previous observations on some other sulfonamides, and it may signify a therapeutic advantage of sulfaisodimidine. In addition, the amount absorbed showed only a little interindividual variation. This suggests that the use of standardized size and interval of sulfaisodimidine dosage can be recommended. The present findings emphasize that conclusions about the absorption of a certain drug should not be derived from studies with other, albeit chemically related, compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015360"}
{"pmid": "1015357", "title": "Removal of exogenous triglycerides in subjects with massive obesity before and after jejunoileal shunt operation.", "content": "Removal of exogenous triglycerides in subjects with massive obesity before and after jejunoileal shunt operation. The fractional removal rate of exogenous triglycerides (TG) in 12 obese subjects with a mean body weight of 132+/-5 kg (S.E.M.) has been studied before a jejunoileal shunt operation. The study was repeated postoperatively at stable body weights 30-54 months later. The weight loss ranged from 13 to 65 kg (mean weight reduction 27%). In 8 patients, 0.3-6.0 kg of skin and subcutaneous tissue were removed surgically for cosmetic reasons during the weight reduction period. Serum cholesterol fell from 220+/-8 to 141+/-11 mg/100 ml (p less than 0.001). The serum TG reduction was not significant, 1.80+/-0.25 before and 1.50+/-0.19 mmol/l after operation. The fractional removal rate of exogenous TG, determined by the intravenous fat tolerance test (IVFTT) with the Intralipid fat emulsion, was not significantly changed. The IVFFT k2 value was 3.5+/-0.5%/min before and 4.3+/-0.6 after surgery (p greater than 0.05). Previous studies have shown that a major part of Intralipid is removed initially in skeletal muscle. The unchanged fractional removal rate of Intralipid, despite the marked reduction in the amount of adipose tissue, supports the concept that the adipose tissue may play a minor role in the initial elimination of exogenous TG from the bloodstream.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015357"}
{"pmid": "1015358", "title": "The intercorrelation of serum cholesterol, cigarette smoking and body weight. The Oslo Study.", "content": "The intercorrelation of serum cholesterol, cigarette smoking and body weight. The Oslo Study. A screening for coronary risk factors in 18 000 Oslo men yielded 16 525 \"healthy\" men, aged 20-49. The intercorrelation of serum cholesterol, body weight and cigarette smoking was found to be more pronounced than described in other studies. Increasing daily exposure to cigarette smoke in the order: never-smoker, ex-smoker, non-inhaling smoker, inhaling smoker and present non-filter smoker, was parallelled by increasing cholesterol levels, but not by increasing body weight. Daily cigarette-smokers had lower body weight and higher serum cholesterol values than never-cigarette-smokers, with the exception of the 20+ cigarette-smokers who had higher serum cholesterol values and body weight than the never-cigarette-smokers. As regards ex-cigarette-smokers, both body weight and serum cholesterol tended to increase with the number of cigarettes smoked before quitting. Possible explanations of these findings are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015358"}
{"pmid": "1015359", "title": "Blood levels of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and thyroxine: differences between children, adults, and elderly subjects.", "content": "Blood levels of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine and thyroxine: differences between children, adults, and elderly subjects. The serum levels of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in children, adolescents, adults, and elderly subjects have been measured by radioimmunoassays. It was found that while the T4 levels were essentially equal in all age groups examined, the T3 levels were markedly different. In children and adolescents (1-15 years), high values were recorded; indeed, they exceeded the upper normal limit in adults (20-80 years). From the age of 20, the T3 levels remained unaltered until the age of 80, after which there was a further reduction, to values approaching the lower normal limit for T3 in middle-aged subjects. The findings emphasize that separate normal values must be established for different age groups, in order to avoid diagnostic misinterpretations and therapeutic failures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015359"}
{"pmid": "1015361", "title": "Thyroid autonomy (Plummer's disease) with contralateral malignancy--mere coincidence?", "content": "Thyroid autonomy (Plummer's disease) with contralateral malignancy--mere coincidence? A patient with an autonomously functioning nodule in the left lobe and a papillary carcinoma in the right lobe of the thyroid gland is described. Some evidence suggests the association to be more than coincidental.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015361"}
{"pmid": "1015364", "title": "Morphology of ovarian changes during the reproductive cycle of the house lizard, Hemidactylus flaviviridis.", "content": "Morphology of ovarian changes during the reproductive cycle of the house lizard, Hemidactylus flaviviridis. Ovarian changes during the reproductive cycle of the oviparous wall lizard (Hemidactylus flaviviridis Rüppel) are described and discussed. It ovulates from mid-March to mid-May with a peak in April. Two eggs, one from each ovary, are ovulated at a time. After the breeding season is over, the ovaries are reduced in size. From June to third week of February they contain small pre-vitellogenic fillicles which start increasing in size with the approach of March when yolk deposition occurs rapidly. The histological details of developing the pre-ovulatory follicles are described. Follicle cell nuclei are taken into the ooplasm of pre-vitellogenic follicles; they are finally absorbed before yolk deposition starts. Pre-ovulatory follicles show highly vascularized thecae and invaginations of the follicular epithelium. Follicular atresia generally occurs in follicles with polymorphic granulosae, in post-ovulatory ovaries. Their granulosa cells give rist to phagocytes which, after removing the ooplasmic contents, degenerate, while the theca interna cells are hypertrophied to form the interstitial gland cells in the walls of degenerated follicles. After ovulation, the granulosa cells hypertrophy to form luteal cell mass filling the follicular cavity. Fibroblasts which appear to arise from the thecal layer, invade the luteal cell mass and form septa. Blood vessels occur in the luteal cell mass. The possible physiological significance of corpora lutea in the wall lizard is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015364"}
{"pmid": "1015362", "title": "Variations in the relationship between the diaphysis and the epiphyses of the tibia.", "content": "Variations in the relationship between the diaphysis and the epiphyses of the tibia. In all 56 tibiae from Lapps and 56 tibiae from Norwegians have been studied. These ethnic groups represent different weight bearing situations. Variables expressing adaptation to non-axial loading are dealt with. The bone is mainly studied in the AP and the ML planes, as well as in the three dimensional space. The material is analyzed statistically. The distribution form is examined and the deviations from normality are found to be moderate. Mainly positive skewness occurs. Platykurtosis is found as often as leptokurtosis. The deviations from a standard normal distribution are not supposed to affect the results significantly. There is a non-systematic pattern of distribution. The variability is generally lower in Lapps than in Norwegians. The standard deviation shows highest numerical values in indices, lowest in linear variables. Systematic group differences, especially in similar variables, are supposed to be of greater importance than isolated differences. The variables giving deviations from the reference planes or the diaphyseal axis, show the largest and the consistent left-right differences. In linear variables Lapps and females show lower mean values than males and Norwegians, respecitvely. In linear variables giving deviations from the reference planes, in angular variables and in indices, Lapps usually show the highest mean values. Lapps tend to show larger sex differences in variables giving deviations from the reference planes or the diaphyseal axis. However, the sex differences within the Lapps are small. The variations of the tibia are supposed to be the results of mechanical factors in bone remodelling. The epiphyseal-metaphyseal parts tend to have a constant shape, the adaptations to non-axial loading predominantly appearing in the diaphysis. The relation between the weight bearing line and the diaphyseal axis is discussed, particularly regarding the ML stability mechanism of the knee joint. The occurrence of torsion and its influence upon the AP and ML projected values regarding the relationship between the epiphyses and the diaphysis are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015362"}
{"pmid": "1015397", "title": "Statistical mechanics of protein folding, unfolding and fluctuation.", "content": "Statistical mechanics of protein folding, unfolding and fluctuation. Conformational fluctuations of globular proteins in the native state and the processes of folding and unfolding are studied from the statistical mechanical point of view. 1) It is pointed out that the formation of the native specific conformation of a globular protein is not a result of random sampling of minimum energy conformations. This fact provides a motivation for the study of the processes of folding, or the paths of folding, of proteins. The processes of folding and unfolding are shown to be statistical mechanical in nature. 2) The conformational (folding and unfolding) transitions in globular proteins are compared with the helix-coil transitions in polypeptides. The gradedness of the latter transition is shown to be due to the fact that the phenomenon is of an essentially one-dimensional system. The former transition is characterized ideally by the fact that it is of the all-or-none type. 3) A lattice model of proteins is introduced. \"A protein molecule\" is defined as a chain of noninteresting units of a given length on a two-dimensional square lattice. The copolymeric character of protein molecules is incorporated into the model by specificities of interunit interactions. 4) This model proved powerful for studying the statistical mechanical characterization of protein denaturation and fluctuations. The specificities of interunit interactions were shown to be the primary factors responsible for the all-or-none type transition from native to denatured states of globular proteins. 5) The model is studied by the Monte Carlo method of Metropolis et al., which simulates a kinetic process approximately. The method is shown to be a promising tool in finding the native conformation of proteins from their amino acid sequence. 6) A new theoretical method is developed to study phenomenologically the processes of protein folding and unfolding and the conformational fluctuations in the native state. An important role is played by a quantity S(H): the entropy of a protein molecule in solution in the conformational states with a given value of enthalpy H. Qualitative character of the S-H curve, such as whether it is convex or concave determines characteristics of the conformational  transition in a globular protein such as whether or not it is of the all-or-none type. 7) The concept of an ideal process of protein folding and unfolding is introduced and defined by three statements. The S-H curve is calculated for this ideal process. The curve is shown to be concave, indicating that the transition is of the all-or-none type. This conclusion is drawn essentially from the globularity and specificity of the native conformational of proteins. 8) Residual structures in the denatured state and conformational fluctuations in the native state are discussed. In order to discuss the latter, an independent fluctuating site model is introduced, in which it is assumed that there are several independent fluctuating sites, each localized in some part of the protein molecule...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015397"}
{"pmid": "1015398", "title": "Oxygen transport on Mount Everest: the effects of increased hematocrit on maximal O2 transport.", "content": "Oxygen transport on Mount Everest: the effects of increased hematocrit on maximal O2 transport.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015398"}
{"pmid": "1015399", "title": "Influence of hemoglobin oxygen affinity on oxidation reduction state of cytochrome aa3 in perfused liver.", "content": "Influence of hemoglobin oxygen affinity on oxidation reduction state of cytochrome aa3 in perfused liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015399"}
{"pmid": "1015387", "title": "Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute cerebrovascular lesion.", "content": "Homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute cerebrovascular lesion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015387"}
{"pmid": "1015400", "title": "Metabolic and electron microscopic studies post mortem in brain mitochondria.", "content": "Metabolic and electron microscopic studies post mortem in brain mitochondria. The RCR of malate+glutamate oxidation of isolated rat brain mitochondria decreased with increasing duration of anoxia and it ceased completely in the 12 hour ischemic group. After one hour of ischemic anoxia neither the respiration of mitochondria nor their morphology altered irreversibly. There is a strong correlation between the ultrastructural changes and RCR value of mitochondria, namely the RCR decreased proportionally with increasing number of light type of mitochondria. From our results we can conclude that the dense form seems to be the functional form, while the light mitochondrial structure is a transition to the non functioning homogenous type of brain mitochondria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015400"}
{"pmid": "1015401", "title": "Early structural changes in mitochondria in response to acute reductions in capillary flow.", "content": "Early structural changes in mitochondria in response to acute reductions in capillary flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015401"}
{"pmid": "1015402", "title": "The application of histological analysis for the localization of tissue PO2 and local blood flow with the example of the glomus caroticum of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).", "content": "The application of histological analysis for the localization of tissue PO2 and local blood flow with the example of the glomus caroticum of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015402"}
{"pmid": "1015403", "title": "Diffusion of oxygen in plasma and blood.", "content": "Diffusion of oxygen in plasma and blood. D in fresh human plasma has been found to decrease almost linearly with total protein content over a wide range of concentration and to vary only +/-4% in normals and +/-13% in abnormals. The average values for D in normal human plasma, at 25 and 37 degrees C, are 1.62 and 2.18 X 10(-5) cm2/sec respectively. For normal human blood at 42% hematocrit, the values of D, at 25 and 37 degrees C, are 1.20 and 1.62 X 10(-5) cm2/sec respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015403"}
{"pmid": "1015404", "title": "Facilitated diffusion of oxygen in red blood cell suspensions.", "content": "Facilitated diffusion of oxygen in red blood cell suspensions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015404"}
{"pmid": "1015407", "title": "Measurement of diffusion parameters with noble metal electrodes.", "content": "Measurement of diffusion parameters with noble metal electrodes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015407"}
{"pmid": "1015408", "title": "A generalized advancing front model describing the oxygen transfer in flowing blood.", "content": "A generalized advancing front model describing the oxygen transfer in flowing blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015408"}
{"pmid": "1015405", "title": "Measurement of diffusivity and metabolic rate of O2 and CO2 in respiring tissue.", "content": "Measurement of diffusivity and metabolic rate of O2 and CO2 in respiring tissue. The method described is apt to measure, at the same time, Krogh's diffusion constant and specific metabolic rates for O2 and CO2 in intact, respiring tissues. Due to metabolism tissue thickness for this method is limited to about 500 mum unless hyperbaric conditions are used. The results suggest that both KO2 and KCO2 are similar in alive and in dead tissue. Due to tissue inhomogeneity and to possible facilitation of O2 or CO2 transport our values of K have to be considered as effective mean values for the physiological range of PO2 and PCO2 in muscle at rest and at exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015405"}
{"pmid": "1015406", "title": "Facilitated diffusion of CO and oxygen in the presence of hemoglobin or myoglobin.", "content": "Facilitated diffusion of CO and oxygen in the presence of hemoglobin or myoglobin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015406"}
{"pmid": "1015409", "title": "Some model results on hemoglobin kinetics and its relationship to oxygen transport in blood.", "content": "Some model results on hemoglobin kinetics and its relationship to oxygen transport in blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015409"}
{"pmid": "1015410", "title": "The mechanical basis for Fick's law and its generalizations.", "content": "The mechanical basis for Fick's law and its generalizations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015410"}
{"pmid": "1015411", "title": "A stochastic model for the transport of oxygen to brain tissue.", "content": "A stochastic model for the transport of oxygen to brain tissue. Material balances around a small, but finite volume element have formed the basis for previous mathematical models describing the transport of oxygen in the brain microcirculation. Seeking a model which would be both simple and versatile, a stochastic model was proposed based on the assumption that oxygenation of the brain can be described quantitatively by simulating the activity of only one erythrocyte and the oxygen molecules surrounding it. Compared with existing deterministic models, the capillary space-average oxygen partial pressure profiles were in close agreement. Tissue tensions were decidedly different.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015411"}
{"pmid": "1015412", "title": "Models for O2 and CO2 transfer in macroscopic flow channels and their physiological implications.", "content": "Models for O2 and CO2 transfer in macroscopic flow channels and their physiological implications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015412"}
{"pmid": "1015413", "title": "A method for simultaneous measurements of bioelectric activity and local tissue PO2 in the CNS.", "content": "A method for simultaneous measurements of bioelectric activity and local tissue PO2 in the CNS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015413"}
{"pmid": "1015414", "title": "Monitoring of PO2 in human blood.", "content": "Monitoring of PO2 in human blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015414"}
{"pmid": "1015415", "title": "Theoretical and experimental aspects of brain tissue oxygenation dynamics.", "content": "Theoretical and experimental aspects of brain tissue oxygenation dynamics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015415"}
{"pmid": "1015416", "title": "Local tissue PO2 and microflow of the brain cortex under varying arterial oxygen pressure.", "content": "Local tissue PO2 and microflow of the brain cortex under varying arterial oxygen pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015416"}
{"pmid": "1015417", "title": "An analysis of ion distribution in brain following anoxia.", "content": "An analysis of ion distribution in brain following anoxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015417"}
{"pmid": "1015418", "title": "Comparison of oxygen tension in the spinal cord and globus pallidus during hyperbaric oxygen exposure of rats under pentobarbital anesthesia.", "content": "Comparison of oxygen tension in the spinal cord and globus pallidus during hyperbaric oxygen exposure of rats under pentobarbital anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015418"}
{"pmid": "1015420", "title": "Oxygen supply to the open rabbit cornea.", "content": "Oxygen supply to the open rabbit cornea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015420"}
{"pmid": "1015419", "title": "Autonomic and pharmacological control of oxygen autoregulation mechanisms in brain tissue.", "content": "Autonomic and pharmacological control of oxygen autoregulation mechanisms in brain tissue. The effect of several agents active on autonomic nervous system functions was tested on brain oxygen autoregulation parameters. It was found that atropine, propranolol and isproterenol had no influence on the measured parameters. Phenoxybenzamine, tolazoline and dibenamine all suppress autoregulation. In an additional experimental series, a phenoxybenzamine infusion was given during O2 breathing. The infusion induced a marked rise in TpO2. It is concluded that an alpha-adrenergic mechanism is part of the autoregulation process, and its pharmacological blockade could be used to raise TpO2 levels in brain with O2 breathing at normal atmospheric pressure. Also, the increase in brain TpO2 induced by 95% O2 - 5% CO2 breathing seems to be blocked by alpha-adrenolytic drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015419"}
{"pmid": "1015421", "title": "A new approach to the experimental measurement of mean tissue PO2.", "content": "A new approach to the experimental measurement of mean tissue PO2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015421"}
{"pmid": "1015422", "title": "Studies on retinal oxygenation.", "content": "Studies on retinal oxygenation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015422"}
{"pmid": "1015423", "title": "The O2 supply of the isolated cell-free perfused rat kidney.", "content": "The O2 supply of the isolated cell-free perfused rat kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015423"}
{"pmid": "1015424", "title": "Effect of vasopressors and hemorrhage on intrarenal oxygenation.", "content": "Effect of vasopressors and hemorrhage on intrarenal oxygenation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015424"}
{"pmid": "1015425", "title": "Renal tissue oxygenation during hypoxic hypoxia.", "content": "Renal tissue oxygenation during hypoxic hypoxia. No evidence was found to support the existence of changes in the intrarenal flow pattern among the different areas or of a compensatory redistribution of microcirculation in the renal cortex under hypoxia induced by breathing 10 % oxygen. It seems that under these conditions the kidney is able to preserve its basic metabolism by diminishing its oxygen consumption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015425"}
{"pmid": "1015426", "title": "Corneal oxygen supply conditions.", "content": "Corneal oxygen supply conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015426"}
{"pmid": "1015427", "title": "Cellular oxygen concentration.", "content": "Cellular oxygen concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015427"}
{"pmid": "1015428", "title": "Pulmonary tissue oxygen requirement.", "content": "Pulmonary tissue oxygen requirement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015428"}
{"pmid": "1015430", "title": "Evidence against local control of intestinal tissue oxygenation by myogenic mechanisms.", "content": "Evidence against local control of intestinal tissue oxygenation by myogenic mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015430"}
{"pmid": "1015429", "title": "Oxygen delivery and utilization in hypoxic dogs made acidemic and alkalemic.", "content": "Oxygen delivery and utilization in hypoxic dogs made acidemic and alkalemic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015429"}
{"pmid": "1015431", "title": "Effect of ionizing radiation on liver microcirculation and oxygenation.", "content": "Effect of ionizing radiation on liver microcirculation and oxygenation. Platelet aggregation and adhesiveness, as well as TPO2 responses to hypoxia were measured as microcirculation parameters in beagle dogs subject to Co60 ionizing radiation to a dose of 4600 rads in 5 weeks. Simultaneously, changes in blood chemistry and coagulation were also determined. Marked changes in all studied parameters in the post radiation period lead to the conclusion that radiation liver damage is at least in part mediated through microcirculation disturbances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015431"}
{"pmid": "1015432", "title": "A factor in lingitudinal tissue gradients: red cell carriage.", "content": "A factor in lingitudinal tissue gradients: red cell carriage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015432"}
{"pmid": "1015433", "title": "Effects of dopamine and epinephrine on intestinal blood flow and oxygen uptake.", "content": "Effects of dopamine and epinephrine on intestinal blood flow and oxygen uptake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015433"}
{"pmid": "1015434", "title": "Kryomicrophotometry as a method for analyzing the intracapillary HbO2 saturation of organs under different O2 supply conditions.", "content": "Kryomicrophotometry as a method for analyzing the intracapillary HbO2 saturation of organs under different O2 supply conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015434"}
{"pmid": "1015435", "title": "Solution of the diffusion field equation of substrate concentration in the intercapillary region considering the decrease in substrate consumption in the unsaturated region of cancer cell glycolysis and respiration.", "content": "Solution of the diffusion field equation of substrate concentration in the intercapillary region considering the decrease in substrate consumption in the unsaturated region of cancer cell glycolysis and respiration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015435"}
{"pmid": "1015437", "title": "Mesenchyme theory on the increase in resistance experienced during repetition of cancer therapy processes.", "content": "Mesenchyme theory on the increase in resistance experienced during repetition of cancer therapy processes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015437"}
{"pmid": "1015436", "title": "Computation of glucose and O2 concentration distribution in the intercapillary region of intact tumor tissue considering the decrease in substrate consumption in the unsaturated region of cancer cell glycolysis and respiration.", "content": "Computation of glucose and O2 concentration distribution in the intercapillary region of intact tumor tissue considering the decrease in substrate consumption in the unsaturated region of cancer cell glycolysis and respiration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015436"}
{"pmid": "1015438", "title": "Studies on the ability of the tumor respiration in vivo to fulfill its physiological functions.", "content": "Studies on the ability of the tumor respiration in vivo to fulfill its physiological functions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015438"}
{"pmid": "1015439", "title": "Oxygen distribution in tumours: influence on cell proliferation and implications for tumour therapy.", "content": "Oxygen distribution in tumours: influence on cell proliferation and implications for tumour therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015439"}
{"pmid": "1015440", "title": "Preliminary observations of oxygen levels in microcirculation of tumors in C3H mice.", "content": "Preliminary observations of oxygen levels in microcirculation of tumors in C3H mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015440"}
{"pmid": "1015443", "title": "Spontaneous oscillations of PO2 in muscle tissue.", "content": "Spontaneous oscillations of PO2 in muscle tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015443"}
{"pmid": "1015442", "title": "Mechanisms of circulation metabolism coupling in skeletal muscle.", "content": "Mechanisms of circulation metabolism coupling in skeletal muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015442"}
{"pmid": "1015441", "title": "The distribution of oxygen consumption rates in some tissues before and after x-irradiation.", "content": "The distribution of oxygen consumption rates in some tissues before and after x-irradiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015441"}
{"pmid": "1015444", "title": "Tissue PO2, VO2, venous PO2 and perfusion pressure in resting dog gracilis muscle perfused at constant flow.", "content": "Tissue PO2, VO2, venous PO2 and perfusion pressure in resting dog gracilis muscle perfused at constant flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015444"}
{"pmid": "1015445", "title": "Tissue blood flow and oxygenation during large vessel surgery.", "content": "Tissue blood flow and oxygenation during large vessel surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015445"}
{"pmid": "1015446", "title": "Mechanisms of increased tissue oxygen delivery following release of arterial occlusion in canine skeletal muscle and skin.", "content": "Mechanisms of increased tissue oxygen delivery following release of arterial occlusion in canine skeletal muscle and skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015446"}
{"pmid": "1015447", "title": "Mean myoglobin oxygen tension during exercise at maximal oxygen uptake.", "content": "Mean myoglobin oxygen tension during exercise at maximal oxygen uptake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015447"}
{"pmid": "1015448", "title": "Oxygen transport in skeletal muscle: capillary geometry in longitudinal section.", "content": "Oxygen transport in skeletal muscle: capillary geometry in longitudinal section.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015448"}
{"pmid": "1015449", "title": "Control of electrode aging by a periodic anodization technique.", "content": "Control of electrode aging by a periodic anodization technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015449"}
{"pmid": "1015453", "title": "Continuous PO2 and heart rate recording in the human newborn.", "content": "Continuous PO2 and heart rate recording in the human newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015453"}
{"pmid": "1015450", "title": "The measurement of myocardial microflow and its reaction to hypoxia and hypercapnia.", "content": "The measurement of myocardial microflow and its reaction to hypoxia and hypercapnia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015450"}
{"pmid": "1015451", "title": "Oxygen uptake of the guinea pig at decreased and increased maternal placental blood flow.", "content": "Oxygen uptake of the guinea pig at decreased and increased maternal placental blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015451"}
{"pmid": "1015454", "title": "A comparison of transcutaneous and arterial PO2 in sick neonates.", "content": "A comparison of transcutaneous and arterial PO2 in sick neonates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015454"}
{"pmid": "1015455", "title": "Effect of umbilical artery catheters on oxygen supply to extremities.", "content": "Effect of umbilical artery catheters on oxygen supply to extremities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015455"}
{"pmid": "1015452", "title": "Fetal and placental O2 consumption and the uptake of different metabolites in the ruminant and horse during late gestation.", "content": "Fetal and placental O2 consumption and the uptake of different metabolites in the ruminant and horse during late gestation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015452"}
{"pmid": "1015456", "title": "Oxygen fields induced by recessed and needle oxygen microelectrodes in homogeneous media.", "content": "Oxygen fields induced by recessed and needle oxygen microelectrodes in homogeneous media. Computer simulations of the operation of both the recessed and conically-shaped needle type microelectrodes were developed. The accurate portrayal of their geometries was greatly facilitated by the use of specialized three dimensional orthogonal coordinate systems with coordinate surfaces coincident with the geometry of the problem. From the simulations, calculations were made of the induced PO2 fields, oxygen sensitivities, stirring artifacts, measurement errors, and time constants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015456"}
{"pmid": "1015457", "title": "The influence of MgCl2 on the O2-Hb-binding curve of human hemoglobin under intracellular conditions.", "content": "The influence of MgCl2 on the O2-Hb-binding curve of human hemoglobin under intracellular conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015457"}
{"pmid": "1015471", "title": "Intra-articular treatment of arthritis in race-horses with sodium hyaluronate.", "content": "Intra-articular treatment of arthritis in race-horses with sodium hyaluronate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015471"}
{"pmid": "1015472", "title": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep. Toxoplasma gondii in muscular tissue, with particular reference to dye test titres and haemoglobin type.", "content": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep. Toxoplasma gondii in muscular tissue, with particular reference to dye test titres and haemoglobin type.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015472"}
{"pmid": "1015474", "title": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep, the reliability of a microtiter system in Sabin and Feldman's dye test.", "content": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep, the reliability of a microtiter system in Sabin and Feldman's dye test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015474"}
{"pmid": "1015475", "title": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep. The prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies in lambs and mature sheep from different parts of Norway.", "content": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep. The prevalence of toxoplasma antibodies in lambs and mature sheep from different parts of Norway.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015475"}
{"pmid": "1015473", "title": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep. The relative importance of the infection as a cause of reproductive loss in sheep in Norway.", "content": "Toxoplasmosis in sheep. The relative importance of the infection as a cause of reproductive loss in sheep in Norway.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015473"}
{"pmid": "1015476", "title": "Single cell protein in the diets of pigs and chickens. Effects on the activity of DNASE in intestinal contents.", "content": "Single cell protein in the diets of pigs and chickens. Effects on the activity of DNASE in intestinal contents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015476"}
{"pmid": "1015477", "title": "Studies of transferrin polymorphism in Swedish cattle using agarose gel electrophoresis.", "content": "Studies of transferrin polymorphism in Swedish cattle using agarose gel electrophoresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015477"}
{"pmid": "1015478", "title": "An improved bacteriological method for the detection of sulfonamide residues in food.", "content": "An improved bacteriological method for the detection of sulfonamide residues in food.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015478"}
{"pmid": "1015479", "title": "Vaccination of pigs against hog cholera (classical swine fever) with a detergent split vaccine.", "content": "Vaccination of pigs against hog cholera (classical swine fever) with a detergent split vaccine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015479"}
{"pmid": "1015481", "title": "Pasteurellosis in reindeer in northern Norway. A contribution of its epidemiology.", "content": "Pasteurellosis in reindeer in northern Norway. A contribution of its epidemiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015481"}
{"pmid": "1015480", "title": "5 alpha-androstenone and testosterone in peripheral plasma of the boar during and following copulation.", "content": "5 alpha-androstenone and testosterone in peripheral plasma of the boar during and following copulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015480"}
{"pmid": "1015482", "title": "A comparison of serum concentrations of penicillin after intramuscular injection and subcutaneous and deep injection into the dewlap in cattle.", "content": "A comparison of serum concentrations of penicillin after intramuscular injection and subcutaneous and deep injection into the dewlap in cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015482"}
{"pmid": "1015483", "title": "Heat stable nuclease in mastitic milk.", "content": "Heat stable nuclease in mastitic milk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015483"}
{"pmid": "1015484", "title": "Chemotherapy of helminthiasis among wild mammals. II. Baylisascaris transfuga (Rudolphi, 1819) Sprent, 1968 infection of polar bear.", "content": "Chemotherapy of helminthiasis among wild mammals. II. Baylisascaris transfuga (Rudolphi, 1819) Sprent, 1968 infection of polar bear. Effective chemotherapy by Mebendazole of Baylisascaris transfuga infection of five polar bears is reported and a control measure programme directed towards limiting the infection under the prevailing condition is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015484"}
{"pmid": "1015486", "title": "Further observations relating to Trixacarus (Caviacoptes) Caviae Fain, Hovell and Hyatt, 1972 in guinea-pigs (Acarina: Sarcoptidae).", "content": "Further observations relating to Trixacarus (Caviacoptes) Caviae Fain, Hovell and Hyatt, 1972 in guinea-pigs (Acarina: Sarcoptidae). Three cases of sarcoptic mange in guinea-pigs were found to be due to Trixacarus (Caviacopties) caviae FAIN et al. The history and lesions of each case are described together with a method of treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015486"}
{"pmid": "1015489", "title": "Yersiniosis in the Bristol Zoo (1955-1974).", "content": "Yersiniosis in the Bristol Zoo (1955-1974). Ninety one cases of Yersiniosis occurred betwen 1955 and 1974 at Bristol Zoo. Species affected included a range of primates and birds, a rodent (Capybara) and a carnivore (Caracal Lynx). The incidence of the disease was highest in the winter months. There were variations in the annual incidence of Yersiniosis, with peaks occurring at intervals of 4-6 years. Common pathological findings included miliary focal necrosis and abscess formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015489"}
{"pmid": "1015491", "title": "Hemoccult detection of fecal occult blood quantitated by radioassay.", "content": "Hemoccult detection of fecal occult blood quantitated by radioassay. Results from the quaiac slide or Hemoccult (HO) test for fecal occult blood were compared with quantitative determinations of gastrointestinal loss after intravenous administration of 51Cr-labeled red cells. Subjects were 80 consecutive patients, without dietary restriction, who were referred because of clinical suspicion of gastrointestinal blood loss or complex anemia. A total of 555 stool specimens analyzed for 51Cr loss were graded negative, trace, or positive by the HO method. Of 338 specimens containing 0-2 ml/day by isotope assay, 7.4% were positive to the HO qualitative test. Loss of at least 10 ml/day in 51Cr equivalent was necessary to assure that the majority of HO reactions would be positive. Of specimens containing more than 30 ml/day, 93% were positive. The ratio of 51Cr-labeled red cell equivalents to stool volume and the percentage of positive HO reactions increased together. When this ratio exceeded 10%, two thirds of the HO responses were positive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015491"}
{"pmid": "1015492", "title": "Influence of pregnancy on the development of various gastric lesions in rats.", "content": "Influence of pregnancy on the development of various gastric lesions in rats. The influence of pregnancy, and to some extent lactation, on various gastric lesions in rats were studied. Shay ulceration and gastric lesions induced by cold-restraint stress and ulcerogenic agents, such as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), reserpine, or epinephrine, in rats were significantly aggravated by pregnancy (day 20 of pregnancy). Gastric hypersecretion, which was observed during pregnancy in pylorus ligation preparation, appears to contribute to the mechanism of aggravation of gastric lesions. ASA induced a marked back-diffusion of acid in pregnant rats which might resulted in the aggravation of ASA-induced gastric lesions. In contrast, histamine-induced gastric lesions were markedly inhibited according according to the progress of pregnancy but after 10 days' lactation returned to the level seen in nonpregnant rats. The histaminase inhibitor aminoguanidine strongly aggravated the histamine-induced gastric lesions in pregnant rats as compared with the non-pregnant ones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015492"}
{"pmid": "1015493", "title": "Inhibition of water absorption by ricinoleic acid. Evidence against hormonal mediation of the effect.", "content": "Inhibition of water absorption by ricinoleic acid. Evidence against hormonal mediation of the effect. In three dogs, each with a jejunal and an ileal Thiry-Vella loop, the isolated segments were perfused with isotonic electrolyte solutions (control) for 90 min. One loop was then perfused with 5mM ricinoleic acid for an additional 90 min, while the other loop was perfused with the control solution. Loops perfused with ricinoleic acid all showed reduced fluid absorption. Perfusion of one loop with ricinoleic acid produced no changes in fluid absorption from the loop perfused with the control solution. In other experiments, 4 Ivy dog units (IDU) per kg per hr of cholecystokinin (CCK) produced no change in water movement in loopd perfused with control solution or recinoleic acid. These experiments suggest that the effect of ricinoleic acid on intestinal water transport is not mediated through the release of a circulating humoral substance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015493"}
{"pmid": "1015494", "title": "Effect of chronic antacid ingestion on serum gastrin and gastric secretion.", "content": "Effect of chronic antacid ingestion on serum gastrin and gastric secretion. Basal gastrin and acid secretion, and histamine- and food-stimulated acid secretion were examined before and after 6 weeks of regular antacid consumption by 20 normal volunteers, in order to test the hypothesis that regular use of antacids produces gastrin cell hyperplasia, altered gastrin inhibition by acid, and gastric hypersecretion. We found no differences in fasting serum gastrin, basal or maximal histamine-stimulated acid, or acid output in response to a protein meal after consumption of commercial antacids with or without calcium carbonate. The results suggest that normal subjects do not acquire functional hyperactivity of the gastrin mechanism after a period of regular antacid use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015494"}
{"pmid": "1015495", "title": "Leukoplakia of the anal canal.", "content": "Leukoplakia of the anal canal. Two cases of leukoplakia of the anal canal are presented, with illustrations of the typical gross and microscopic appearance. The lesions were asymptomatic, and were discovered by routine rectal examination. Histological findings included hyperkeratosis and acanthosis extending cephalad from the anal verge to the dentate line. Followup after 3 and 15 years revealed no evidence of dysplastic changes, and a review of the literature did not uncover any reported cases with dysplasia or with documented evolution to malignancy. There is little evidence that leukoplakia of the anal canal is premalignant but patients should be followed carefully, since the natural history of this rare lesion is unknown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015495"}
{"pmid": "1015496", "title": "The role of metoclopramide in peroral jejunal biopsy: a controlled randomized trial.", "content": "The role of metoclopramide in peroral jejunal biopsy: a controlled randomized trial. Metoclopramide is known to enhance gastric emptying and stimulate duodenal and small-intestinal peristaltic activity. The effect of the drug on peroral jejunal biopsy was examined in a controlled, double-blind, randomized trial. Forty-nine patients (24 females and 25 males) who required jejunal biopsy for diagnostic purposes were admitted to the study. All the biopsies were performed by the same operator using the Quinton multipurpose suction biopsy tube and applying the same technique. Twenty-four patients ranging in age from 18 to 67 years (mean 44.5) received placebo intravenously (sodium metabisulfite), and 25 patients from 16 to 73 years old (mean 39.9) received 10 mg of metoclopramide intravenously prior to the jejunal intubation. Objective parameters of the study were (1) time in minutes required for the intubation at the biopsy site, ie, the area at the ligament of Treitz, and (2) fluoroscopy time. Intubation time in the placebo group was 22.3 +/- 1.9 min (mean +/- SEM) vs 11.3 +/- 1.4 min in the metoclopramide group (P less than 0.001). Fluoroscopy exposure time was 2.47 +/- 0.25 in the placebo group vs 1.40 +/- 0.12 min in the metoclopramide group (P less than 0.001). Subjective clinical evaluation of the operator's assessment of the procedure was based on a 0-4 scale (much easier = 0, easier = 1, average = 2, harder = 3, and much harder = 4). Metoclopramide administration resulted in a significantly easier performance of the procedure (P less than 0.001) but did not influence patient tolerance. Three patients who received metoclopramide and one receiving placebo developed mild to moderate drowsiness of short duration. The results of this controlled trial indicate that metoclopramide significantly shortens the time required for jejunal biopsy and reduces fluoroscopy exposure. Its regulatory action on gastrointestinal motility contributes to the easier performance of a valuable diagnostic procedure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015496"}
{"pmid": "1015497", "title": "Fecal occult blood testing.", "content": "Fecal occult blood testing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015497"}
{"pmid": "1015498", "title": "Fulminant hepatic failure secondary to congestive heart failure.", "content": "Fulminant hepatic failure secondary to congestive heart failure. An elderly female with an acute episode of congestive heart failure, unaccompanied by any periods of hypotension, developed fulminant hepatic failure with an accompanying coagulopathy. Attempts to establish an etiology for her acute hepatic insufficiency, other than cardiac failure, proved negative. Fulminant hepatic failure as a consequence of congestive heart failure, without prolonged periods of hypotension preceding alteration in hepatic function, has not heretofore been described. Liver function is adversely effected in congestive heart failure. Hepatic ammonia clearance is impaired in cardiac failure and may be diminished to the point of resulting in hepatic encephalopathy. Coagulopathy is a frequent concomitant of fulminant hepatic failure. Establishing a clear etiology for a coagulopathy in the face of concomitant liver disease is difficult, thus making any therapeutic intervention fraught with peril.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015498"}
{"pmid": "1015499", "title": "Sororal occurrence of diffuse esophageal spasm.", "content": "Sororal occurrence of diffuse esophageal spasm. In this report, we have described two sisters with classical symptoms, radiological appearances, and manometric features of diffuse esophageal spasm. To the best of our knowledge, familial occurrence of this disorder has not been documented previously.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015499"}
{"pmid": "1015501", "title": "Aspirin and prepyloric ulcer.", "content": "Aspirin and prepyloric ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015501"}
{"pmid": "1015503", "title": "Effect of carbenoxolone on electrolyte output of salivary glands during nasogastric intubation.", "content": "Effect of carbenoxolone on electrolyte output of salivary glands during nasogastric intubation. The effect of carbenoxolone on the output of salivary electrolytes stimulated by a nasogastric tube was studied in healthy volunteers. Mean +/- SE values for volume and electrolyte concentrations in control studies were volume 121 +/- 19 ml/hr, pH7.39, Na+19 +/-5, K+20 +/- U, Cl-20 +/- 3, HCO3-18 MEq/liter and osmolality 71 +/- 8 mOsm/kg. Mean +/- electrolyte outputs were quite large, Na+ 2.4, k+2.4, Cl-26, and bicarbonate 2.2 mEq/hr. Our control data indicate that in the course of gastric secretory testing the indwelling gastric tube stimulates salivary electrolyte output sufficient to interfere with accurate assessment of gastric ionic fluxes and gastric acid analysis. Therapeutic doses of carbenoxolone (100 mg three times daily) given orally for 3 weeks had no effect on salivary volume, electrolyte output, or concentration. We conclude that carbenoxolone has no minerallocorticoid effect on mixed salivary secretion. Attention to salivary secretion is recommended in all gastric secretory studies and is mandatory where low acid output is suspected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015503"}
{"pmid": "1015502", "title": "Lysine-vasopressin: hemodynamic effects in the anesthetized dog.", "content": "Lysine-vasopressin: hemodynamic effects in the anesthetized dog. Vasopressin (ADH) is known to reduce secretin-stimulated pancreatic exocrine secretion. The present study attempts to relate this inhibitory effect to the vasoconstrictive potency of ADH. Regional blood flow in most of the vascular areas. The greatest reduction in blood flow was seen in the gastrointestinal area especially in the left gastric artery, cranial and caudal pancreaticoduodenal arteries, as well as the cranial and caudal mesenteric arteries. Renal blood flow was not altered by those concentrations of ADH that reduced gastrointestinal blood flow. ADH reduced pancreaticoduodenal blood flow in concentrations comparable to those concentrations that reduced pancreatic secretory flow. The reduction of gastrointestinal blood flow was due to increased impedance and not to diminished cardiac inotropy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015502"}
{"pmid": "1015500", "title": "Colonic cancer--hypotheses of causation, dietary prophylaxis, and future research.", "content": "Colonic cancer--hypotheses of causation, dietary prophylaxis, and future research. Colonic cancer is rare in primitive populations. In western populations it was uncommon in the past, but now accounts for about 3% of all deaths. The cause almost certainly lies with dietary changes. Probably, alterations in bowel milieu interieur, from interaction between metabolites and microbacteria, promote carcinogenesis. Changes in intakes of protein, fat, sugar, refined cereal products, and crude fiber have been advanced as predisposing or causative factors. Evidence suggests that (i) fall in fiber intake, but (ii) rise in fat intake, in their ability to increase fecal concentrations of bile acids and sterols (possible precursors of carcinogens) are most likely to be culpable. As preventive measures, a significant rise in fiber intake is practicable only from regular bran ingestion. A major reduction in fat intake is grossly unlikely. Even were rigorous dietary changes implemented, an early fall in colonic cancer incidence is highly improbable due to the long-term character of the disease. Future research must include characterization of the diet, metabolism, and disease pattern of segments of western populations who have low colonic cancer mortality rates; also, elucidation of the bearing of various intakes of different food components on the biochemistry and microbiology of the feces.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015500"}
{"pmid": "1015505", "title": "Gastric secretory function in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.", "content": "Gastric secretory function in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Gastric secretion was evaluated in 9 male patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis. Five secreted low or normal quantities of acid and 4 exhibited hypersecretion, 2 of whom had associated peptic ulcer disease. Serum gastrin responses to a protein meal were comparable to control subjects. Calcium infusion in two basal hypersecretors depressed acid secretion. The only statistically significant correlation observed was between basal acid output ans serum levels of parathormone. These studies suggest that while acid secretory abnormalities vary in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis, there is no apparent sensitivity of the gastrin-secreting cells to protein or calcium ion which might account for acid hypersecretion. Secondary hyperparathyroidism may influence the occurrence of acid secretory abnormalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015505"}
{"pmid": "1015504", "title": "The effects of acute and chronic ethanol administration on canine bile secretion.", "content": "The effects of acute and chronic ethanol administration on canine bile secretion. In 9 conscious dogs (4 of whom were alcohol-fed for 24 months with 50% intragastric ethanol), provided with gastric and duodenal fistulae (Thomas cannula), the effects were studied of an acute iv ethanol infusion (1.3 g/kg) on hepatic bile secretory plateau levels after emptying of the gallbladder was induced by a continuous perfusion of secretin (0.5 CU/kg/hr) plus CCK-PZ (8 Crick-Harper-Raper U/kg/hr) and sodium taurocholate (0.62 mumol/kg/min). Acute iv ethanol infusion in nonalcoholic dogs reduced hepatic bile flow rate (29%), bile salt concentration (55%) and output (67%). In alcohol-fed dogs, acute iv ethanol reduced only the rate of flow (25%). Hepatic bile salt concentration and output plateau values were significantly higher in the alcohol-fed than in the nonalcoholic dogs. There were no significant differences between the two groups of dogs in the rate of evacuation, bile salt output, or lipid composition of gall bladder bile following a single iv injection of CCK-PZ.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015504"}
{"pmid": "1015506", "title": "Fibropolycystic disease of the hepatobiliary system and kidneys.", "content": "Fibropolycystic disease of the hepatobiliary system and kidneys. This complicated case of fibropolycystic disease of the hepatobiliary system and kidneys was ably and incisively analyzed by Professor Sheila Sherlock. Her clinical acumen was revealed by her ability to differentiate congenital hepatic fibrosis, Caroli's disease, and adult polycystic disease of the liver and kidney. Interesting histologic features of this case included hepatic fibrosis with intact limiting plates anc central veins and the presence of bile plugs in the ducts, but the absence of bile statsis in the parenchyma. A percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram demonstrated the dilated intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts. Washing out the \"gunk\" from the biliary tract by T-tube drainage has great limitations in this type of case. Therefore, Dr. Adson suggested irrigation of the biliary ductal system using tubed placed transhepatically, plus a wide choledojejunostomy. Dr. Sherlock questioned this surgical approach. The use of chenodeoxycholic acid for this \"gunk\" was suggested. In spite of the dilated ducts and pathologic changes in the liver, the patient was not jandiced and did not have stones in her biliary tract. The genetics of this patient's problems was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015506"}
{"pmid": "1015508", "title": "A small strain gage for measuring intestinal motility in rats.", "content": "A small strain gage for measuring intestinal motility in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015508"}
{"pmid": "1015507", "title": "Giardiasis: an overview for the clinician.", "content": "Giardiasis: an overview for the clinician. Since the clinician confronting a case of giardiasis may find the current literature confusing and weighted towards rare immunoglobulin deficiency syndromes, a classification is proposed to answer questions pertinent to understanding and managing this infection. Current thinking of giardiasis must involve the realization that (1) asymptomatic carriers exist; (2) that the majority of symptomatic patients have no structural disease explaining their symptoms; and (3) that those patients with anatomic lesions and giardiasis probably have an underlying predisposing condition. A short review of the association of giardiasis and immunodeficiency will then be presented, along with current concepts of diagnosis and therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015507"}
{"pmid": "1015509", "title": "Corn-on-the cop: treat or treat.", "content": "Corn-on-the cop: treat or treat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015509"}
{"pmid": "1015510", "title": "The natural history of liver disease in former drug users.", "content": "The natural history of liver disease in former drug users. Three hundred and twenty drug-free former narcotic addicts were studied with regard to persistence of abnormalities of liver function and morphology, and their relation to hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B antibody was present in 52.4 per cent, while HBs antigen was detected in only 6 per cent. Transaminase abnormalities, initially present in 39 per cent, were found in 22 per cent six months after cessation of drug abuse. Abnormalities tended to persist thereafter, although there was some continued return to normal levels. Liver biopsy findings of chronic persistent and aggressive hepatitis correlated with persistence of HBs antigenemia and transaminase elevation. Follow-up liver biopsies in seven subjects showed decreased inflammatory reaction in five. None showed progressive liver disease. We conclude that: (1) 15 to 20 per cent of former narcotics addicts have chronic persistent hepatitis or chronic aggressive hepatitis after cessation of drug absuse for six months or more; (2) serologic evidence of exposure to HBs antigen is frequent, and rapidly develops after the start of needle use; (3) although histologic ad chemical abnormalities usually persist, progression did not occur, and some individuals demonstrated spontaneous improvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015510"}
{"pmid": "1015511", "title": "An increase in urinary catecholamines of renal origin in patients with \"borderline\" hypertension.", "content": "An increase in urinary catecholamines of renal origin in patients with \"borderline\" hypertension. Plasma and urinary catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) and urinary dopamine excretion were studied in 45 essential hypertensive patients subdivided into borderline (labile) and stable hypertension. Borderline hypertensive patients had a higher mean fractional renal clearance of catecholamines (the clearance of catecholamines relative to creatinine clearance) than both control subjects and stable hypertensive patients. A significantly positive correlation between the renal clearance of catecholamines and urinary dopamine excretion was also found in those with borderline hypertension, but not in control subjects or those with stable hypertension. These data indicate that patients with borderline hypertension have a relatively exaggerated renal catecholamine release. They probably reflect an increased sympathetic discharge to the kidney in \"borderline\" hypertension, occuring to a lesser degree in stable hypertension and control subjects. Thus, urinary catecholamine measurements do not specifically reflect the level of circulating catecholamines, particularly in borderline hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015511"}
{"pmid": "1015519", "title": "Strabismus measurements in the Siamese cat.", "content": "Strabismus measurements in the Siamese cat. Anatomical and neurophysiological studies suggest a relationship between \"abnormal\" visual pathways and strabismus found in the Siamese cat. A telephotographic method for measuring eye positions in these cats reveals that newborn Siamese cats have a conspicuous exotropia appearance. Adult animals appear to have esotropia, orthophoria, or exotropia, which can be intermittent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015519"}
{"pmid": "1015520", "title": "Instrument myopia--microscopy.", "content": "Instrument myopia--microscopy. Looking through optical instruments stimulates the eye to accommodate more than would be necessary for naked eye viewing; this increased near power is called instrument myopia. The amount (up to -5 diopters) varies with the observer and the conditions of viewing. Using microscopes produces -1.5 to -2 diopters of instrument myopia. More instrument myopia is found with low-power magnification, inexperienced users, and when focusing form minus blur to sharp image. Physiologically, the instrument myopia appears to be associated with an accommodative equilibrium position and, psychologically, with a sensing of proximity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015520"}
{"pmid": "1015521", "title": "Does stereopsis change with age?", "content": "Does stereopsis change with age? Stereopsis thresholds were measured on 242 subjects with normal visual acuity and ranging in age from 8 to 46 years. The results showed no trend with age and no significant sex difference. The log-second threshold mean was 0.74+/-0.21 with a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.70+/-0.05.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015521"}
{"pmid": "1015522", "title": "A new electrode for electroretinography.", "content": "A new electrode for electroretinography. Clinical electroretinography is an uncomfortable, disquieting experience for a patient because of the contact lens electrodes used. Such electrodes are either expensive to buy or difficult to make. An aluminized Mylar electrode performs satisfactorily, elicits minimal patient apprehension or discomfort without topical anesthesia, is simple to make, and is disposable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015522"}
{"pmid": "1015512", "title": "Meningioma associated with parathyroid adenoma.", "content": "Meningioma associated with parathyroid adenoma. A woman hospitalized because of attempted suicide with diazepam tablets was found to have hypercalcemia and other signs of hyperparathyroidism. Electroencephalogram indicated a brain lesion which was confirmed by a brain scan and angiogram. The hypercalcemia persisted after removal of the meningioma and serum levels of calcium returned to normal only after a parathyroid adenoma was removed during an additional intervention. This association of meningioma with hyperparathyroidism is unique in the literature. The difficulties of diagnosis resulting from the neuropsychiatric symptoms common to the two disorders are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015512"}
{"pmid": "1015523", "title": "Biofeedback reinforcement in the training of limitation of gaze: a case report.", "content": "Biofeedback reinforcement in the training of limitation of gaze: a case report. A 22-year-old patient having a history of congenital strabismus with surgery at age 6 and again at age 14 suffered from a limitation of dextroversion following 2 surgical procedures with diplopia initially experienced beyond 18 degrees. Ten sessions of treatment by traditional visual training methods and biofeedback reinforcement were compared in extending the deficient range of dextroversion. Biofeedback was found to be significantly better than conventional approaches in this treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015523"}
{"pmid": "1015524", "title": "Epidemiological considerations in predicting regional vision health care needs.", "content": "Epidemiological considerations in predicting regional vision health care needs. The use of crude practitioner to population ratios when age-specific ratios are more appropriate can lead to significant errors in estimates of the need for health care manpower. A comparison of these 2 methods is made using age-specific data for Florida as an example. A brief survey of other epidemiological factors affecting clinical manpower projections is given.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015524"}
{"pmid": "1015514", "title": "Purtscher's retinopathy in acute pancreatitis.", "content": "Purtscher's retinopathy in acute pancreatitis. A patient who became blind following an episode of alcohol-induced pancreatitis is described. The clinical appearance of this patient's retinal changes corresponds most closely to post-traumatic (Purtscher's) retinopathy. The etiology of the retinopathy is best explained by retinal vascular occlusion due either to fat embolism or thrombosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015514"}
{"pmid": "1015513", "title": "Vibrio fetus endocarditis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Vibrio fetus endocarditis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Vibrio fetus endocarditis occurred in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving azathoprin and prednisone. Blood cultures required 14 days to become positive. The fastidious growth requirement of this organism is reviewed because lack of appreciation of these may result in failure to make the diagnosis. This is the first reported case of Vibrio fetus endocarditis occurring in the setting of a connective tissue disorder and immunosuppressive therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015513"}
{"pmid": "1015525", "title": "Effects of non-contact tonometry on refraction.", "content": "Effects of non-contact tonometry on refraction. The spherical component of refractive error was measured subjectively before and after noncontact tonometry in 19 eyes and also on the fellow (control) eyes without tonometry. No significant change in this measure of refractive error was found after tonometry. The tested group could not be distinguished from the control group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015525"}
{"pmid": "1015515", "title": "Polycythemia vera in an anephric man.", "content": "Polycythemia vera in an anephric man. The effect of renal failure and bilateral nephrectomy on erythropoiesis and plasma erythropoietic activity was observed in a patient with polycythemia vera. For eight years the patient's hematocrit was maintained between 45 and 50 per cent by phlebotomy and in spite of the development of renal failure the hematocrit did not decline. Following rejection of a renal transplant, the hematocrit fell to 18 per cent but rose to 40 per cent with oral iron therapy. Following bilateral nephrectomy, the hematocrit fell to 29 per cent but subsequently increased to 37 per cent. After an episode of gastrointestinal bleeding the hematocrit was 21 per cent but subsequently rose to 32 per cent. Erythropoietin could not be detected in the plasma either before or after nephrectomy. In addition, erythropoietin failed to stimulate 59Fe incorporation into heme in vitro in the patient's marrow cells. The data incidate that, in polycythemia vera, erythropoiesis does not require erythropoietin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015515"}
{"pmid": "1015526", "title": "Effective degree of mydriasis with phenylephrine and tropicamide.", "content": "Effective degree of mydriasis with phenylephrine and tropicamide. The mydriatic effects of several concentrations of phenylephrine and of tropicamide were studied in 84 young adults for 90 min following topical instillation. Pupillary diameter was estimated (a) under ambient photopic illumination and (b) when illumination was increased to that associated with direct ophthalmoscopy. Evaluation was made of the \"degree of mydriasis,\" i.e., the difference in pupillary diameter between the eye receiving the mydriatic agent and the contralateral control eye when the pupillary light reflex was stimulated. In subjects with light or hazel irides, phenylephrine caused maximal dilatation in 60 to 75 min, mean values being 5.6 mm with 1 drop of 2%, 6.0 mm with 2 drops of 2.5%, and 7.1 mm with 1 drop of 10%. Maxiumum degrees of mydriasis were 3.0 mm with 2 drops of 2.5% and 3.1 mm with 1 drop of 10%. With 0.5% tropicamide, maximum diameter was 8.0 mm in 30 min in subjects with light, hazel, or brown irides, and the maximum degree of mydriasis was 5.0 mm. It is concluded that when a mydriatic agent is used to facilitate intraocular visualization, neither specification in terms of (a) maximum diameter under ambient illumination nor (b) degree of mydriasis provides optimal characterization. It is suggested that the \"clinically effective diameter,\" i.e., pupillary diameter under illumination corresponding to that to be used during examination, would be the most useful specification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015526"}
{"pmid": "1015527", "title": "Dynamic and static violations of Hering's law of equal innervation.", "content": "Dynamic and static violations of Hering's law of equal innervation. Hering's Law of Equal Innervation treats the double eye as a single organ. Normal humans often execute saccadic eye movements that are dynamic violations of Hering's Law. These infractions are produced by differences in the neural controller signals sent to each eye and are exemplified by monocular movements, such as dynamic overshoot, glissades, and double saccades; these dynamic violations occur more frequently in fatigued subjects. In contrast to dynamic violations, static violations of Hering's Law are usually indicative of pathological conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015527"}
{"pmid": "1015528", "title": "Survey of student research in behavioral and developmental optometry.", "content": "Survey of student research in behavioral and developmental optometry. Behavioral and developmental optometry are in need of research. Studies conducted by optometric students can provide a major contribution. The present paper reviews selected student research studies conducted at the Illinois College of Optometry. The topics include: trends in developmental vision, phenomena in binocular vision, and techniques in diagnosis and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015528"}
{"pmid": "1015516", "title": "Cardiac tamponade in primary myxedema and review of the literature.", "content": "Cardiac tamponade in primary myxedema and review of the literature. A case of cardiac tamponade secondary to primary myxedema is described. The nature of the patient's pericardial fluid and clinical course compared with other cases in the literature is reviewed. The patient had no recurrence of cardiac tamponade. Complete resolution of the pericardial effusion occurred 10 months followint initial pericardiocentesis and L-thyroxine therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015516"}
{"pmid": "1015529", "title": "The relationship between eye dominance and monocular acuity: an additional consideration.", "content": "The relationship between eye dominance and monocular acuity: an additional consideration. Multivariate techniques  were used to explore the relationship between ocular dominance and asymmetries in visual acuity or acuity dominance. The convergence distance under which the acuity testing takes place was found to affect the relationship between these two variables.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015529"}
{"pmid": "1015530", "title": "Acuity measurements-- do they indicate how well a partially sighted person functions of could function?", "content": "Acuity measurements-- do they indicate how well a partially sighted person functions of could function?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015530"}
{"pmid": "1015518", "title": "\"Pseudo-giant P-waves\" and pericardial friction rub following chlorpromazine therapy.", "content": "\"Pseudo-giant P-waves\" and pericardial friction rub following chlorpromazine therapy. A patient is presented who manifested two previously undescribed complications of chlorpromazine therapy: a transient pericardial friction rub and \"pseudo-giant P waves\". After slowing of the heart rate, the \"giant P-waves\" proved to be superimposed U and P-waves. His history demonstrates the protean and at times unusual complications of chlorpromazine therapy and illustrates the dramatic therapeutic effects diphenhydramine may have in reversing some of this toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015518"}
{"pmid": "1015517", "title": "Hageman factor deficiency in ataxia telangiectasia.", "content": "Hageman factor deficiency in ataxia telangiectasia. Ataxia-telangiectasia is clinically characterized by the presence of cerebellar ataxia, choreoathetosis, and oculocutaneous telangiectasia. Humorocellular immune deficiency may be associated with the disease. So far, no coagulation abnormalities have been reported in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia. Presence of Hageman factor deficiency in our patient could merely be a coincidental occurrence of two rare independent disease states. Since this coagulation abnormality in Hageman factor deficiency is rather subtle and not usually associated with clinically significant bleeding, this defect can be easily overlooked.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015517"}
{"pmid": "1015531", "title": "Reconstruction after pharyngolaryngectomy-esophagectomy.", "content": "Reconstruction after pharyngolaryngectomy-esophagectomy. Seventeen patients with carcinoma of the hypopharynx and/or cervical esophagus who require total pharyngolaryngectomy-esophagectomy are presented; Twenty-one different reconstructive methods were applied in the seventeen patients. An overall two year survival rate of 35 per cent was attained with effective palliation in 65 per cent of the patients. The Wookey and free jejunal transplantation procedures were unsuccessful as primary means of pharyngoesophageal reconstruction, although the Wookey principle was occasionally useful in salvaging failures of other procedures. The reversed deltopectoral flap was successfully employed in a small number of patients with only minimal extension below the cricopharyngeus but was found to be unfeasible in several other instances because of the extent of esophageal resection required. Transposition of the entire stomach was successfully employed in a number of suitable patients and is an excellent method of esophageal replacement in relatively healthy patients. The reversed gastric tube esophagoplasty was useful in more debilitated patients, with resection and reconstruction performed in separate stages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015531"}
{"pmid": "1015532", "title": "Squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx: why we fail.", "content": "Squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx: why we fail. The squamous cancers of the oropharynx in 384 patients were staged according to a T and N system. Three hundred seventy-one of them were treated for cure at a time when modern surgical and radiotherapeutic technics were available. The patient records were analyzed in regard to five year survival, factors influencing treatment failure, and the effect of new primary cancers. Failure to eradicate the cancer at the primary site remains the largest reason for the patients' demise, but as aggressive local and regional treatment becomes more successful, greater numbers of patients survive only to become victims of distant metastases and second primary cancers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015532"}
{"pmid": "1015533", "title": "Carcinoma of the hypopharynx.", "content": "Carcinoma of the hypopharynx. The data in this study suggest that radical surgical treatment offers the best chance for control of disease in patients with cancer of the hypopharynx. The cervical lymph nodes are at a very high risk for early involvement by metastatic disease. Elective treatment of cervical lymph nodes must be considered in initial treatment planning to obtain better control of regional disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015533"}
{"pmid": "1015534", "title": "Surgical exploration in asymptomatic hypercalcemia.", "content": "Surgical exploration in asymptomatic hypercalcemia. The use of the serum auto-analyzer (SMA-12) has resulted in a marked increase in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism. Seventy-five patients with asymptomatic hypercalcemia were explored: sixty-eight with solitary adenomas, six with multiple adenomas, and one with diffuse hyperplasia. Postoperatively, all patients reverted to normocalcemia. Surgical exploration of asymptomatic hypercalcemia is advocated to reduce surgical morbidity and mortality and to prevent the development of renal and osseous complications of hyperparathyroidism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015534"}
{"pmid": "1015535", "title": "Management of recurrent salivary gland tumors.", "content": "Management of recurrent salivary gland tumors. The management of 129 patients with recurrent tumors of the salivary glands is analyzed, Principles of approaching recurrent tumors and guidelines for their management are outlined in detail. Age distribution, symptoms, time to recurrence, cases that showed possible malignant degeneration, and complications are reviewed. The surgical procedures, recurrence rate, and survival rates are recorded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015535"}
{"pmid": "1015536", "title": "The malignant \"cold\" nodule of the thyroid.", "content": "The malignant \"cold\" nodule of the thyroid. From 1958 to 1976, 910 patients with cold nodules of the thyroid underwent thyroid surgery (714 females, 196 males). Thyroid carcinoma was present in 202 patients (22.2 per cent) (149 females, 20.9 per cent; 53 males, 27 per cent). Rate of malignancy in an age group was greatest in patients older than seventy years (19 of 47 patients, 40.4 per cent) followed by patients twenty-one to thirty years of age (37 of 125 patients, 29.6 per cent); 90 per cent of all patients were from twenty-one to seventy years of age. Blacks had a lower rate of thyroid carcinoma than Caucasians. Data from the Cancer Surveillance Group also showed age-adjusted incidence rates in blacks in Los Angeles County to be lower than that of Caucasians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015536"}
{"pmid": "1015537", "title": "The undelayed Mütter flap in head and neck reconstruction.", "content": "The undelayed Mütter flap in head and neck reconstruction. Twenty-one mastoid-occiput-based shoulder flaps have been used to reconstruct patients with head and neck cancer. When the tip of the flap does not extend beyond the midclavicle, this flap can safely be elevated and transferred into its final position without delay procedures. Not requiring secondary sectioning and implantation, the Mütter flap can successfully be used to reconstruct multiple defects within its arch. Its utility thus rivals the more commonly used medially based deltopectoral flap and forehead flap.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015537"}
{"pmid": "1015538", "title": "Results of BCG adjuvant immunotherapy for melanoma of the head and neck.", "content": "Results of BCG adjuvant immunotherapy for melanoma of the head and neck. The present study was performed to determine if postoperative systemic BCG adjuvant immunotherapy would improve survival in patients with pathologic stage II melanoma of the head and neck. Seventeen of twenty-five (68 per cent) patients treated with BCG are free of disease, whereas only seven of seventeen (40 per cent) patients treated by radical neck dissection alone are free of disease. Clark's technic for determining the level of invasion of the primary lesion was used to predict the presence of metastatic tumor in regional lymph nodes. Results indicate that patients with pathologically confirmed lymph node metastases from melanoma of the head and neck benefit from postoperative BCG adjuvant immunotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015538"}
{"pmid": "1015539", "title": "Analysis of survival and disease control in stage I melanoma of the head and neck.", "content": "Analysis of survival and disease control in stage I melanoma of the head and neck. From 1958 through 1969, 357 patients were treated for melanoma of the head and neck. Of these, 166 had invasive, clinical stage I disease. All patients had wide local excision of the primary. Elective regional node dissection was performed in sixty-nine patients and in the remaining ninety-seven observation only was elected. Retrospective analysis of these 166 patients considered (1) survival and disease control, (2) sites and timing of failures, and (3) the effect of sex, site, type of biopsy, skin grafting, and regional node dissection on disease control and survival. More than 80 per cent of the local recurrences developed within the first twenty-four months. Similarly, in the patients not undergoing initial neck dissection, 80 per cent of those who subsequently had clinically positive regional nodes did so within twenty-four months. In the sixty-nine patients undergoing elective regional node dissection, the survival rate was 33.5 per cent at five and ten years in those with histologically positive nodes. Those patients with elective neck dissections having histologically negative nodes had a survival rate of 75.8 and 67.1 per cent at five and ten years, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015539"}
{"pmid": "1015540", "title": "Advanced and recurrent squamous carcinoma of the lower lip.", "content": "Advanced and recurrent squamous carcinoma of the lower lip. The results of aggressive surgical treatment of primary lip cancer and advanced and recurrent carcinoma of the lip are illustrated and discussed. Early detection of involved lymph nodes before capsular penetration occurs and careful and complete dissection of the submental and submandibular regions are advocated as possible ways to prevent persistent upper neck disease, the main killer of these patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015540"}
{"pmid": "1015541", "title": "Carcinoma of the palatine arch.", "content": "Carcinoma of the palatine arch. 1. Carcinoma of the palatine arch is part of a regional diathesis of carcinoma of the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract and this concept has a definite influence on the choice of treatment. 2. Surgery has an important role in the management of both the primary tumors and the regional metastatic nodes. 3. Radiation therapy is indispensible in the management of carcinoma of the tonsillar crypts, stage IV tumors of the palatine arch, and primary tumors of the palatine arch with certain specific extensions. 4. Comprehensive management of carcinoma of the palatine arch requires careful evaluation of each patient and his disease, vigorous application of the chosen method of treatment by either the surgeon or the radiotherapist, and continuous follow-up study and supportive treatment for the rest of the patient's life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015541"}
{"pmid": "1015542", "title": "Carcinoma of the oral cavity. factors affecting treatment failure at the primary site and neck.", "content": "Carcinoma of the oral cavity. factors affecting treatment failure at the primary site and neck. A retrospective review of the clinical records of patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity was undertaken, and several parameters were studied in terms of comparing two groups of patients: those who were controlled at the primary site and neck and others who failed locally or regionally following initial treatment. A comparative statistical analysis of the factors studied revealed that female patients who had a higher T status, a higher N status, and thus a higher stage of disease did poorly in terms of local and regional control of disease. Those patients whose primary tumors manifested deep invasion and those who had positive margins after surgical resection at the primary site had also a significantly high incidence of local/regional failure. Presence of extracapsular extension of disease in cervical lymph nodes and involvement of soft tissues in the neck as well as involvement of multiple lymph nodes at multiple levels also put the patients in a high risk category. We urge that these factors be considered as prognostic criteria and be used to select patients for treatment by additional modalities on an elective basis in hope of achieving better local and regional control of disease and perhaps better cure rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015542"}
{"pmid": "1015543", "title": "Treatment of carcinoma of the oral tongue by radium needle implantation.", "content": "Treatment of carcinoma of the oral tongue by radium needle implantation. Forty-nine patients had a radium implant for carcinoma of the oral tongue. In thirty-four of the forty-nine (70 per cent), local three year control of the cancer was achieved. Three patients in whom the radiation failed were rescued by subsequent surgery. The five year absolute survival in this series was 63.8 per cent. In conclusion, we believe that improved survival rates without functional and cosmetic defect can be obtained by closer cooperation between surgeons and radiotherapists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015543"}
{"pmid": "1015544", "title": "Clinical staging of cancer of the head and neck: a new \"new\" system.", "content": "Clinical staging of cancer of the head and neck: a new \"new\" system. A revised clinical staging system for cancers arising in head and neck sites has been prepared. It utilizes a uniform N classification for cervical node metastases. The T classifications describing the extent of the primary tumor are generally similar but differ in specific details for each site. Although the present system makes use of past field trials and more recent clinical studies, it cannot be considered final. Clinicians managing cancer in head and neck sites are encouraged to test the system with their own patient data to elicit further areas for improvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015544"}
{"pmid": "1015545", "title": "Applications of the Karapandzic principle of lip reconstruction after excision of lip cancer.", "content": "Applications of the Karapandzic principle of lip reconstruction after excision of lip cancer. The number and variety of technics available for lip reconstruction has suggested to some authors that no method is ideal. In fact, excellent results can be obtained under proper circumstances by any one of several procedures. The principle of innervated myocutaneous flaps adds yet another tool to the surgeon's armamentarium, but it does not relieve him of the responsibility to select the most appropriate procedure in each case. As Karapandzic has stated (or understated), \"This obviously is not a technique suitable for all lip defects, but in selected cases it gives a very satisfactory result.\"", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015545"}
{"pmid": "1015547", "title": "Combined radiation-methotrexate therapy in preoperative management of carcinoma of the head and neck.", "content": "Combined radiation-methotrexate therapy in preoperative management of carcinoma of the head and neck. Fifty patients with primary carcinoma of the head and neck were treated preoperatively with 2,000 r and 500 mg/m2 of methotrexate. This combination reduces the tumor size in more than 90 per cent of patients, converts many of the tumors to a more manageable state, and appears to indicate that improved survival will occur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015547"}
{"pmid": "1015546", "title": "Immediate repair of the Commando defect by cervical and pectoral flaps.", "content": "Immediate repair of the Commando defect by cervical and pectoral flaps. A ten year experience with immediate cervical flap repair of the Commando defect is reported in a selected series of more than seventy patients with clinically negative neck-nodes. Preoperative radiotherapy of 2\"000 and 3,000 r to the neck and primary tumor has not interfered with wound healing. The cosmetic and functional result is highly commendable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015546"}
{"pmid": "1015549", "title": "Changes in some metabolic effects of isoprenaline and glucagon in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.", "content": "Changes in some metabolic effects of isoprenaline and glucagon in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015549"}
{"pmid": "1015552", "title": "General and cerebral hypothermia in the treatment of intractable epilepsy. A report of 3 cases.", "content": "General and cerebral hypothermia in the treatment of intractable epilepsy. A report of 3 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015552"}
{"pmid": "1015584", "title": "The current management of malignancy--V tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.", "content": "The current management of malignancy--V tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015584"}
{"pmid": "1015585", "title": "Gonorrhea control in Alaska.", "content": "Gonorrhea control in Alaska.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015585"}
{"pmid": "1015586", "title": "President's page.", "content": "President's page.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015586"}
{"pmid": "1015599", "title": "Training in anesthesiology.", "content": "Training in anesthesiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015599"}
{"pmid": "1015601", "title": "Cardio-respiratory changes during pneumoencephalography.", "content": "Cardio-respiratory changes during pneumoencephalography. Carbon-respiratory changes associated with changes in posture and injection of intrathecal oxygen were studied in fifeen patients undergoing pneumoencephalography in a Phillips isocentric chair, while breathing spontaneously and anaesthetised with halothane in oxygen. Haemodynamic changes associated with changes in posture were of a minor nature. A rise in PaCO2 occurred in the prone position in two obese patients. There were significant rises in blood pressure following injection of more than 5 ml of oxygen as a bolus into the subarachnoid space.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015601"}
{"pmid": "1015600", "title": "Electrocardiographic studies during hypotensive anaesthesia using sodium nitroprusside.", "content": "Electrocardiographic studies during hypotensive anaesthesia using sodium nitroprusside. Multiple lead electrocardiographic recordings from 20 patients were studied before, during and after a period of induced hypotension with sodium nitroprusside. Although small changes in ST segment and T wave were observed in 9 patients, none of these persisted into the postoperative period. Other significant changes were confined to a temporary disturbances of cardiac rhythm in 2 patients, both of whom spontaneously reverted to sinus rhythm during the anaesthetic. Our findings indicate that there are no permanent ischaemic myocardial changes associated with induced hypotension using sodium nitroprusside.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015600"}
{"pmid": "1015602", "title": "The administration of metoclopramide with atropine. A drug interaction effect on the gastro-oesophageal sphincter in man.", "content": "The administration of metoclopramide with atropine. A drug interaction effect on the gastro-oesophageal sphincter in man. The effects of intravenous atropine 0-6 mg alone, metoclopramide (Maxolon) 10mg alone and atropine 0-6 mg and metoclopramide 10 mg in combination, on the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) were studied in three groups of normal human volunteers. Atropine decreased the LOS pressure by an average of 8 cm H2O (P less than 0-001), whereas metoclopramide increased the LOS pressure by a mean of 29 cmH2O compared to basal values (P less than 0-001). In contrast, no change in sphincter tone was noted following injection of atropine-metaclopramide mixture. These findings are relevant to the pre-operative preparation of patients presenting for emergency anaesthesia, since gasgro-oesophageal reflux and pulmonary aspiration of acid gastric content continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015602"}
{"pmid": "1015604", "title": "Anaesthetic records in Great Britain and Ireland.", "content": "Anaesthetic records in Great Britain and Ireland. A survey of anaesthetists and their use of anaesthetic records was carried out in Great Britain and Ireland. An analysis of 206 different record sheets from 175 hospitals or groups showed that, although many features were similar, important aspects were omitted in some, while others had too many options which were not necessarily relevant to the administration of an anaesthetic. No attempt has been made to offer an ideal design for an anaesthetic record, but the information may assist those anaesthetists wishing to change the current practice in their hospital or group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015604"}
{"pmid": "1015603", "title": "The reliability of a linear analogue for evaluating pain.", "content": "The reliability of a linear analogue for evaluating pain. A linear analogue for rating pain with 10, 15 and 20 cm lines is significantly less variable than a 5 cm line (mean error of 15 cm line is 0-19%, 95% confidence limits for the group +/- 2% and an inood correlation between repeated ratins of a recalled pain distant in time. The variance of the rating is significantly less than the repeated rating of a random mark. The linear analogue rating of a constant pain stimulus is reproducible and changes in rating are likely to be real changes of opinion. Pethidine 150 mg intramuscularly had no significant effect, tested 30 minutes after the administration, on the accuracy or reproducibility of the analogue rating. A linear analogue seems a suitable method of recording the patient's opion of a severe pain such as that of labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015603"}
{"pmid": "1015605", "title": "Multiple sclerosis and surgery.", "content": "Multiple sclerosis and surgery. Five patients with multiple sclerosis showed deterioration following operation and anaesthesia. In every case the change was associated with pyrexis due to infection. No correlation was found between aggravation and any anaesthetic agent used.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015605"}
{"pmid": "1015610", "title": "A safety block for scavenging systems.", "content": "A safety block for scavenging systems. A safety block is described which protects the patient from expiratory obstruction when using scavenging systems, and provides the anaesthetist with a visual and auditory check on the functioning of the system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015610"}
{"pmid": "1015606", "title": "Hyperbaric oxygen in acute ischaemia due to allergic vasculitis.", "content": "Hyperbaric oxygen in acute ischaemia due to allergic vasculitis. A case of a child with allergic vasculitis to penicillin is presented. The patient received successful treatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy. The pathophysiological mechanism of acute peripheral anoxia and the infleunce of HBO treatment on it is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015606"}
{"pmid": "1015608", "title": "Air embolism during anaesthesia for arthography in a child.", "content": "Air embolism during anaesthesia for arthography in a child. An infant aged 5 months, weighing 6 kg and suffering from congenital dislocation of the hip joint, was subjected to air arthrography of the right hip joint under general anaesthesia. Air embolism occurred following injection of air into the joint. The clinical management is described. Resuscitation was successfully accomplished and the patient was discharged from hospital without untoward sequelae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015608"}
{"pmid": "1015609", "title": "The Lack anaesthetic system. An assessment during spontaneous ventilation.", "content": "The Lack anaesthetic system. An assessment during spontaneous ventilation. The Lack anaesthetic system is a coaxial modification of the Magill circuit. The resistance of the system was found to be unacceptably high. When air was administered through the system to spontaneously breathing trained volunteers, marked evidence of rebreathing was present when fresh gas flow equalled minute volume. It is suggested that a fresh gas glow equal to one and a half-times minute volume would be required to prevent rebreathing of alveolar gas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015609"}
{"pmid": "1015611", "title": "A light for anaesthetists.", "content": "A light for anaesthetists. A new type of lighting device is incorporated into the ether screen cross-bar, enabling better illumination of the patient's face. A 12-V, DC power supply is used. The temperature, with vacuum-assisted cooling, should not cause burns to an unconscious patient. Assessment of patient colour was evaluated and found to be reliable. The lamp must not be used with flammable anaesthetic agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015611"}
{"pmid": "1015607", "title": "Removal of catecholamine-secreting chemodectoma. The use of neuroleptanaesthesia, adrenergic blockade and sodium nitroprusside.", "content": "Removal of catecholamine-secreting chemodectoma. The use of neuroleptanaesthesia, adrenergic blockade and sodium nitroprusside. A case of catecholamine-secreting chemodectoma of the neck in a 47-year-old male who also had temporal lobe epilepsy is described. Details of presentation, diagnosis and successful treatment are given. He was fully alpha blocked with phenoxybenzamine and given neuroleptic drugs but his blood  pressure rose to dangerous levels when the tumour was handled and did not respond to intravenous phentolamine. Sodium nitroprusside was successfully used to achieve blood pressure control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015607"}
{"pmid": "1015613", "title": "The effects of deliberate hypotension and foot down tilt on the incidence of deep vein thrombosis during plastic surgical operations: a pilot survey.", "content": "The effects of deliberate hypotension and foot down tilt on the incidence of deep vein thrombosis during plastic surgical operations: a pilot survey. The incidence of postoperative deep  vein thrombosis (DVT) has been investigated in a group of 88 patients undergoing plastic surgical operations on the head and neck, and upper limb. Fifty-two cases were operated upon in the foot-down tilt position and 36 were horizontal. With the effects of blood pressure ignored as a possible contributory factor, the incidence of thrombosis in the latter group was 8-3% and was slightly higher in the tilted group (11-5%). Of those who were hypotensive, 3 developed DVT out of 41 (7-3%) who were tilted; whilst in the 11 who were normotensive and tilted 3 developed DVT, an incidence of 27-3%. Of those who were normotensive and operated flat the incidence of deep vein thrombosis was 8-0%, while in those subjected to a foot-down tilt it was 27-3%. The hypothesis has been advanced that frequent inflation and deflation of the cuff used for monitoring blood pressure in the hypotensive patients may release fibrinolytic activity and explain these differences. Age, sex and operative duration were not found to have an effect. It is concluded that the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in patients undergoing plastic surgical operations is lower than that found in general surgery, and is not worsened by deliberate hypotension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015613"}
{"pmid": "1015612", "title": "The immediate use of antimicrobial agents.", "content": "The immediate use of antimicrobial agents. The use of antimicrobial agents in the surgical period is discussed with reference to the role of the anaesthetist in prophylaxis against the spread of infection in the patient, the treatment of established infection, the protection of the anaesthetist against infection from the patient and of the patient against the side-effects of the antimicrobial agents themselves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015612"}
{"pmid": "1015614", "title": "The epidural sieve and MBC (minimal blocking concentration): an hypothesis.", "content": "The epidural sieve and MBC (minimal blocking concentration): an hypothesis. Certain painful stimuli-of which those associated with placental abruptio and impending rupture of a uterine scar are examples-can penetrate an apparently well-established lumbar epidural block. As a possible explantation of this anomaly, it is suggested that, when used in the concentrations currently employed, the local anaesthetic reaches nerve axons only slightly above the minimal blocking concentration (MBC) of the drug, and that a more powerful stimulus can provoke an impulse which may be conducted through the \"blocked\" segment of axon. The beneficial aspects of the \"epidural sieve\" should be welcomed and no attempt made to eliminate the phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015614"}
{"pmid": "1015615", "title": "A method of anaesthesia for fractional coagulation of the Gasserian ganglion. Intermittent anaesthesia with propanidid.", "content": "A method of anaesthesia for fractional coagulation of the Gasserian ganglion. Intermittent anaesthesia with propanidid. A method of anaesthesia is described for fractional coagulation of the Gasserian ganglion. The surgical procedure demands short periods of anaesthesia alternating with periods of full consciousness, during which sensory testing is carried out. In spite of the rare possibility of a hypotensive reaction, propanidid is considered to be the drug of choice for this technique. 31 patients wih typical trigeminal neuralgia have been treated with immediate relief of symptoms, whilst 3 (10%) have been successfully re-treated after recurrence of pain paroxysms. Two patients developed lung emboli, from which they recovered, in the post-operative period, and a third patient had a non-fatal myocardial infarct a week after treatment. Alternative approaches to the problem of intermittent anaesthesia, with and without intubation, are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015615"}
{"pmid": "1015619", "title": "Improved method for the determination of acrylamide monomer in water by means of gas - liquid chromatography with an electron-capture detector.", "content": "Improved method for the determination of acrylamide monomer in water by means of gas - liquid chromatography with an electron-capture detector.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015619"}
{"pmid": "1015620", "title": "Elimination of ionic interferences in the determination of sulphates in water using the lead-sensitive ion-selective electrode.", "content": "Elimination of ionic interferences in the determination of sulphates in water using the lead-sensitive ion-selective electrode.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015620"}
{"pmid": "1015623", "title": "An ultraviolet spectral and polarographic study of nitrofurantoin, a urinary-tract antibiotic.", "content": "An ultraviolet spectral and polarographic study of nitrofurantoin, a urinary-tract antibiotic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015623"}
{"pmid": "1015621", "title": "Semi-automated determination of lead by hydride generation and atomic-absorption spectrophotometry.", "content": "Semi-automated determination of lead by hydride generation and atomic-absorption spectrophotometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015621"}
{"pmid": "1015622", "title": "Determination of residues of oxamyl in crops and soils by gas - liquid chromatography.", "content": "Determination of residues of oxamyl in crops and soils by gas - liquid chromatography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015622"}
{"pmid": "1015624", "title": "Rapid assay of proteinase activity in papain by measuring the increase in opalescence of a casein solution during hydrolysis.", "content": "Rapid assay of proteinase activity in papain by measuring the increase in opalescence of a casein solution during hydrolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015624"}
{"pmid": "1015625", "title": "The development of the intramural nerve plexus of the gastro-intestinal tract.", "content": "The development of the intramural nerve plexus of the gastro-intestinal tract. The chicken intestinal tract from the 6th day of breeding until the 20th day after hatching was examined histochemically for acetylcholinesterase activity. The enzyme was detected first in the perikarya and subsequently also in the ganglion-cells processes. The appearance of the acetylcholinesterase reaction deposit was observed first in the stomach and duodenum and later in the rectum. The histogenetic development of the intramural plexus in the small gut proceeds caudad, but in the colon in the opposite way, i.e., craniad. In the duodenum and colon the nervous development is complete in chicken embryos of 11-12 days and in the rest of the small intestine in embryos of 13-14 days of breeding. In the human embryo of 60 mm CRL the development of the intramural plexus is already completed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015625"}
{"pmid": "1015627", "title": "The onset of ossification in the human calcaneus.", "content": "The onset of ossification in the human calcaneus. A (silver) radiographic and microscopic study of the onset of ossification in the calcaneus of 177 human fetuses between 49 and 150 mm C.-R. length has revealed the presence of two independent and developmentally different ossific sites. A lateral locus, intramembranous (parachondral) in origin and precocious in appearance, was observed in slightly over 16% of the fetuses examined between 93 mm (the first appearance of this bone) and 150 mm C.-R. It occupied the vascular connective tissue within the anterior portion of a distinct groove on the inferolateral wall of the cartilaginous calcaneus between the retrotrochlear eminence anterosuperiorly, and the lateral process of the tuber posteroinferiorly. A centrally situated, primary ossific centre, endochondral in origin, was detected in only 11% of the fetuses between 118 mm (the initial appearance of this centre) and 150 mm C.-R. It was situated in the centre of the anterior third of the cartilaginous calcaneus in relation to the sustenaculum tali medially and to a distinct cartilaginous prominence on its lateral surface. Only four fetuses possessed both ossific sites (lateral and central): at 122, 143, 145, and 150 mm C.-R., and in only one of these was continuity established between them. One fetus (122 mm) possessed two independent endochondral centres (superior and inferior).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015627"}
{"pmid": "1015626", "title": "In vitro elastic fiber formation by aggregated arotic cells of newborn rabbits.", "content": "In vitro elastic fiber formation by aggregated arotic cells of newborn rabbits. Cells isolated enzymatically from the aortas of newborn rabbits were aggregated and grown in organ culture. Bundles of microfibrils, some of them with an amouphous core (elastin), were evident in 3-day-old aggregates. Furthermore, droplets of elastin surrounded by darker dots and short filaments, corresponding to the elastic units were observed. In 6-day-old aggregates the number of elastic fibers composed of bundles of microfibrils with deposited elastin increased. Elastic elements which probably resulted from a coalescence of elastic units were also present. These two ways of elastic fiber formation in aggregates are compared with those described in papers on aortic development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015626"}
{"pmid": "1015616", "title": "Assessment of methods of anaesthesia used for total alloplasty of hip joint with application of bone cement.", "content": "Assessment of methods of anaesthesia used for total alloplasty of hip joint with application of bone cement. The authors analyse 151 cases of anaesthesia for total hip joint alloplasty. Fifty-three patients had general anaesthesia and in 98 cases epidural analgesia was performed. Although the statistical analysis of correlations between the fall of the arterial blood pressure and the age of patients failed to demonstrate significant differences between both types of anaesthesia the authors regard local analgesia as superior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015616"}
{"pmid": "1015618", "title": "Iontophoretic blockade in treatment of carotid sinus syndrome.", "content": "Iontophoretic blockade in treatment of carotid sinus syndrome. The author describes the results of treatment by his own modification of carotid sinus blockade with lidocaine electrophoresis in 17 patients. The results confirmed the effectiveness of the method and demonstrates its simplicity and safety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015618"}
{"pmid": "1015617", "title": "The effect of bone cement used for endoprosthesis stabilization on the activity of lysosomal enzymes in peripheral blood granulocytes.", "content": "The effect of bone cement used for endoprosthesis stabilization on the activity of lysosomal enzymes in peripheral blood granulocytes. The effect of bone cement used for stabilization of hip joint endoprosthesis on the activity of lysosomal enzymes in peripheral blood granulocytes was studied. The operations were carried out under balanced, non-toxic, endotracheal anaesthesia using muscle relaxants. The blood for tests was obtained from an antecubital vein before and during anaesthesia, before application of bone cement, and 10 min., 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours after endoprosthesis implantation using bone cement. The activity of acid phosphatase, acid protease and neutral protease was determined by calculating it in relation to protein level in the studied fractions. During anaesthesia as well as during the operation when bone cement was applied no statistically significant differences were found in the activity of lysosomal enzymes. On the other hand, after the operation statistically significant changes were found in the activity of lysosomal marker enzymes. Lability of lysosomal membranes appeared with permeation of hydrolases into supernatant. These results confirmed the importance of lysosomal proteins in the processes of wound healing and general postoperative course.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015617"}
{"pmid": "1015628", "title": "The costo-uterine muscle of the guinea-pig: a smooth muscle attaching the uterus to the last rib.", "content": "The costo-uterine muscle of the guinea-pig: a smooth muscle attaching the uterus to the last rib. A conspicuous smooth muscle (of transverse sectional area comparable to that of the taenia coli) situated in the suspensorium ovarii and in the ligamentum ovarii proprium of the guinea-pig is described. The muscle is attached to the last rib, it reaches the medial side of the ovary, to which it is loosely attached; it passes beyond the caudal pole of the ovary (from which it receives additional muscle bundles), it approaches the oviduct, passing ventral to it, then it spreads around it and eventually reaches the distal end of the uterus; this muscle (which is here indicated as costo-uterine muscle) is in direct continuation with, or transforms itself into, the longitudinal outer coat of the uterus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015628"}
{"pmid": "1015630", "title": "A human embryo of 28 mm crown-rump length with cerebral, esophagotracheal and cardiovascular malformations.", "content": "A human embryo of 28 mm crown-rump length with cerebral, esophagotracheal and cardiovascular malformations. The following malformations were observed in a human embryo of 28 mm crown-rump length obtained at operation for tubal rupture in a case of extrauterine pregnancy: 1. Secondary anophthalmia with dysplasia and in part aplasia of the diencephalon. Rudiments of both eyes and eyestalklike proliferations within the diencephalon. No lenses and on the left side only a palpebral fissure. Hypoplasia of the right telencephalic hemisphere and of the right side of diencephalon, mesencephalon and proximal parts of the medulla oblongata. Pseudotumorous proliferations in the diencephalon, in the alar plate of the medulla oblongata (protruding into the fourth ventricle) and in the arachnoid. Hypoplasia of the right internal, middle, and external ear. Dysplasia and in part aplasia of facial osseous elements (cebocephalia). 2. Proximal esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula. 3. A Fallot's tetralogy with right-sided aortic arch and regressive right-sided ductus arteriosus, tricuspid atresia, hypoplasia of the right ventricle with excessive hypertrophy of its wall, and hypoplasia of the pulmonary trunk. Single left superior vena cava and abnormal, semicircular course of the stems of both coronary arteries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015630"}
{"pmid": "1015629", "title": "Distribution of retinal ganglion cells in five mammalian species (pig, sheep, ox, horse, dog).", "content": "Distribution of retinal ganglion cells in five mammalian species (pig, sheep, ox, horse, dog). In order to ascertain shape and location of the central area, the distribution of ganglion cells was measured in whole mounts of the retina from pig, sheep, ox, horse, and dog. Although exact comparison of corresponding points of measurement in different animals was not possible, the measurements allowed the mapping of retinal ganglion cell density, typical for the particular species. In all ungulates a streak of high cell density extends along a straight horizontal line, dorsal to the optic disc. As a rule a maximum of ganglion cell density is found close to the temporal end of the visual streak. In the dog a well demarcated oval portion of the streak continues into a short temporal (variable) and a long nasal linear arm. The functional significance of these findings is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015629"}
{"pmid": "1015631", "title": "The cancellous structure in the calcaneus and its relation to mechanical stressing.", "content": "The cancellous structure in the calcaneus and its relation to mechanical stressing. The structure of the cancellous bone in the calcaneus is comparable to a three-dimensional trajectorial system, best adapted to resisting bending stresses. This can be seen from the curve trend of the tensile fascicles. Since stressing takes place mainly in the sagittal plane, the adaptation of the structure must be examined in this plane. The photoelastic experiments prove that similar trajectorial patterns result from different types of loading (e.g., standing with and without muscular contraction, the transmission of forces before and after the fusion of the tuber apophysis); and therefore the stresses remain the same. The trajectorial patterns, already established from the experiments, correspond with those of the cancellous structure, which indicates that a state of adaptation exists. Using the definition given in Roux's \"maximum-minimum\" law, this means that the bone achieves maximum resistance with a minimum of material. The photoelastic experiments can also be successfully applied to a short, skeletal element, which has been stressed in a complex manner. Furthermore, the theory of causal histogenesis in the supporting tissues can be proved, since the position of the epiphyseal center coincides with that of a singular poing (hydrostatic pressure) in the trajectorial pattern. A division of the trajectorial pattern, into lateral and medial fascicles (as described by T. von Lanz and W. Wachsmuth) cannot be seen in the bone sections and consequently cannot be regarded as being factual.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015631"}
{"pmid": "1015633", "title": "The distribution of intercellular gap junctions in the developing retina and pigment epithelium of Xenopus laevis.", "content": "The distribution of intercellular gap junctions in the developing retina and pigment epithelium of Xenopus laevis. The distribution of gap junctions in the developing retina and pigment epithelium of Xenopus has been examined from optic vesicle to photoreceptor outer segment stages. In the retina and pigment epithelium walls of the optic vesicle gap junctions are found between ventricular cells in the apical contact zone and close to the outside wall; a neural tube type of distribution. Optic cup formation brings the retina and pigment epithelium into contact and gap junctions form between them. After the stage of retinal specification gap junctions, previously more numerous dorsally, are more often found in the ventral retina and pigment epithelium. They continue to be found in the retinal centre between ventricular cell processes in the apical contact zone and near the vitreal basement lamella above the ganglion cell layer until stage 35. Gap junctions are occasionally made by ganglion cells and their axons, providing possible pathways initiating cell differentiation. After stage 35 gap junctions seem to be confined to the peripheral rim of the eye cup where new cells are formed throughout larval life. The observed distribution suggests that gap junctions may provide intercytoplasmic pathways for retinal specification intrinsic to the retina and pigment epithelium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015633"}
{"pmid": "1015632", "title": "The embryological development and cytodifferentiation of the pars distalis of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). A light and electron microscopic study.", "content": "The embryological development and cytodifferentiation of the pars distalis of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). A light and electron microscopic study. The embryological development of cytodifferentiation of the hamster pars distalis was investigated using light and electron microscope techniques in order to obtain basic information for comparison with pituitary development in other mammalian species. The normal chronological events in the development of the hamster pars distalis closely paralleled the pituitary organogenesis of other laboratory rodents. Rathke's pouch formed and touched the infundibulum at 8 1/2 days of gestation and separated from the stomodeum 3 days later. Penetration of vascular elements from the developing hypophysial portal system into the pars distalis occurred at 12 1/2 days gestation. This was also the first day that small secretory granules were seen in any of the parenchymal cells. Further cytodifferentiation during the following prenatal, and first few postnatal days of life revealed granulated cells which, in most cases, could not be identified using morphological criteria or granule size as may be done in the adult. An orderly sequence of inductive and morphological events appears to take place in the developing hamster adenohypophysis paralleling similar events observed in other animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015632"}
{"pmid": "1015693", "title": "The radiographic evaluation of 105 consecutive children with Hodgkin's disease.", "content": "The radiographic evaluation of 105 consecutive children with Hodgkin's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015693"}
{"pmid": "1015692", "title": "Ten-year experience with childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.", "content": "Ten-year experience with childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. The ten-year (1965-1975) experience of the Pediatric Tumor Clinic with 14 cases of proven CRM was reviewed. Seven cases seen prior to 1970 acted as control. They were treated by surgery and X--ray therapy alone (one received one chemotherapeutic agent). Seven other cases seen after 1970 adhered to a strict protocol of therapy. After surgery (resection or biopsy), roentgenological and hematological survey for diagnosis and staging, they received curative radiotherapy locally in doses of 5,200 r to 6,000 r. Concomitantly a regimen of multiple chemotherapeutic agents (vincristine, dactinomycin and cyclophosphamide) was administered according to the protocol followed at the M.D. Anderson Hospital, Houston. Only one of the seven controls is alive and free of disease for 9 years. Only one of the seven cases who adhered to the protocol died. The other six are alive and free of disease for periods of one to two and a half years (one has a 4 months follow-up so far). One of the six cases presenting with a solitary pulmonary metastasis had a lobectomy 2 and a half years after start of treatment, as no new metastasis developed. Another, presenting with a local recurrence after excision is alive and free of disease 2 years after the star of treatment with the protocol. The results of treatment of CRM with the protocol adopted show a significant improvement in terms of local recurrences, distant metastasis and survival rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015692"}
{"pmid": "1015694", "title": "Teratomas in childhood.", "content": "Teratomas in childhood. Of 109 teratomas in children 86 were benign and 23 malignant. Sacro-coccygeal and pelvic teratomas predominated 52 cases, and these fell into three groups, post-sacral, dumb bell and pre-sacral. The 34 purely posterior tumours were always congenital and benign whilst the incidence of malignancy in dum bell and pre-sacral teratomas increased as the tumour became more internal. Other sites affected in order of frequency were: the gonads, head and neck, retroperitoneal anterior mediastinum and the central nervous system. Malignant teratomas were carcinomas usually containing glandular, capillary and clear cell areas, and metastases were similar. Immature tissues in benign teratomas were usually neural or connective tissue. They did not give rise to neuroblastomas or sarcomas and did not indicate a worse prognosis. Only two originally benign teratomas later developed malignancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015694"}
{"pmid": "1015695", "title": "Medulloblastoma of the cerebellum.", "content": "Medulloblastoma of the cerebellum. On the base of 77 medulloblastomas of the cerebellum, it is a point out the actual management of children with medulloblastoma which can be summed up as a combination of surgery to relieve pressure and remove as much of the tumor as possible, para-operative vincristine, radical treatment of the whole C.N.S. by radiotherapy followed by maintenance chemotherapy of B.C.N.U. and vincristine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015695"}
{"pmid": "1015713", "title": "Investigations of red cell glyoxalase in recombinant families.", "content": "Investigations of red cell glyoxalase in recombinant families. The polymorphism of the red cell glyoxalase (GLO), which has recently been found to be linked with the major histocompatibility complex (HLA) in man, was investigated in a number of selected families showing various recombinations between HLA-A, HLA-B and the third locus of the phosphoglucomutase (PGM3). In two families with a recombination between HLA-A and HLA-B, the GLO allele travels with the HLA-B locus fragment of the chromosome, indicating that GLO is located on the side of the HLA-B locus. In other families, recombinations occurred between HLA-A and B on one side and GLO and PGM3 on the other side, demonstrating that GLO and PGM3 are located on the same side of HLA. Other recombinations separated PGM3 from GLO so that it can be assumed that GLO is located between HLA-B and PGM3. Thus the immunogenetic linkage group on human chromosome C6 has been increased by yet another outside marker gene to include now the following genes in this order: HLA-A--HLA-C--HLA-B--Bf--HLA-D--GLO--PGM3.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015713"}
{"pmid": "1015742", "title": "Auto-ophthalmodynamometry.", "content": "Auto-ophthalmodynamometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015742"}
{"pmid": "1015741", "title": "Central retinal vein occlusion: life and sight implications.", "content": "Central retinal vein occlusion: life and sight implications. Central retinal vein occlusion is an ophthalmic disease with both life and sight threatening implications. Treatment should be aimed at the underlying ophthalmic or systemic disease. Questionable modes of therapy (ie, anticoagulation) may injure the patient as a whole without offering any really better results for the ophthalmic condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015741"}
{"pmid": "1015743", "title": "Fluorescein angioscopy: techniques of partial fluorescence, permanent drawing record and photocoagulation.", "content": "Fluorescein angioscopy: techniques of partial fluorescence, permanent drawing record and photocoagulation. Fluorescein angioscopy with the indirect ophthalmoscope might be the preferred technique for evaluating and treating certain lesions, particularly those in the retinal periphery. Three techniques which are helpful in extending the advantages of angioscopy are described. (1) Partial fluorescence is achieved with careful adjustment of the cobalt blue filter which relates the fluorescence to retinal landmarks, ie, color angioscopy. (2) A permanent record of angioscopy in different phases can be made with tracing paper over the retinal drawing. (3) Correct localization of lesions to be coagulated is achieved with blue filters over the coagulator beam following fluorescein injection. The filter is removed during coagulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015743"}
{"pmid": "1015744", "title": "Vitreoretinal and anterior segment surgery through the pars plana: Part II.", "content": "Vitreoretinal and anterior segment surgery through the pars plana: Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015744"}
{"pmid": "1015786", "title": "Assay of parathyroid hormone in human serum and its uses.", "content": "Assay of parathyroid hormone in human serum and its uses. The assay of parathyroid hormone has contributed greatly to our understanding of calcium metabolism in health and disease. The most important clinical application of the assay is in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcaemia, which is an increasing clinical problem. PTH assays are of little or no value in the absence of other biochemical data, especially accurate determinations of plasma calcium and phosphate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015786"}
{"pmid": "1015787", "title": "Hypercalcaemia and malignancy.", "content": "Hypercalcaemia and malignancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015787"}
{"pmid": "1015810", "title": "A mapping function for human chromosomes.", "content": "A mapping function for human chromosomes. The available simple mapping functions are surveyed, and a new mapping function that provides for positive interference within chromosome arms and no interference across the centromere is proposed, together with the corresponding formula for centromeric linkage. This new function is derived by assuming that all chromosome arms except the short arms of acrocentric chromosomes hav an obligatory chiasma, and that the remaining chiasmata are distributed at random; assumptions which may correspond reasonably well to reality. A method for the comparison of the goodness of fit of mapping functions with family data is given. Low levels of interference seem to be indicated, although as yet insufficient human data is available to allow interference to the specified. Interference has a considerable effect on the estimation of map distances between loci from 3-point lod scores as is shown by the linkage group Rh, UMPK, PGM1, Amy, 1qh, Fy, on chromosome 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015810"}
{"pmid": "1015811", "title": "Cytogenetics and infertility in man. II. Testicular histology and meiosis.", "content": "Cytogenetics and infertility in man. II. Testicular histology and meiosis. Within a group of 207 subfertile men, selected for testicular biopsy, histological investigations were made successfully in 194 chromosomally normal and 7 chromosomally abnormal individuals. Fifty-two per cent of men with a normal karyotype showed normal testicular histology, 31% showed a general depression of spermatogenesis and 8% showed deficiency in the late stages. Ten per cent had only Sertoli cells in the testis. The range of testicular conditions seen in the chromosomally abnormal men was similar to that found in the chromosomally normal. Meiotic studies carried out on 118 chromosomally normal individuals gave a mean chiasma count of 48-9 per cell. There was a positive correlation between high numbers of cells at diakinesis/metaphase I showing X and Y univalents and low numbers of cells reaching metaphase II. Meiosis was studied in 3 translocation heterozygotes, one 47, XYY male, one 47, XY+mar individual and one patient with a ring Y chromosome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015811"}
{"pmid": "1015813", "title": "Estimating distances from the centromere by means of benign ovarian teratomas in man.", "content": "Estimating distances from the centromere by means of benign ovarian teratomas in man. Under the assumption that benign ovarian teratomas in man arise parthenogenically from a germ cell by suppression of the second meiotic division, the distance of a gene from its centromere can be estimated from the observed proportion of heterozygous teratomas collected from heterozygous hosts. The frequency of heterozygous teratomas of heterozygous hosts is equivalent to the frequency of second division segregation at the gene locus which has been used for centromere-related mapping in fungal genetics for more than 40 years. Mapping functions useful for teratoma-based mapping in man are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015813"}
{"pmid": "1015814", "title": "A restriction on the space of genetic relationships.", "content": "A restriction on the space of genetic relationships. It was pointed out by Trustrum (1961) that even for non-inbred pairs of relatives it is possible for all four cross-parental kinship coefficients to be non-zero, and hence that the expression often assumed for the correlation between such relatives is not completely general. Van Aarde (1975) has recently made the same comment. We derive a restriction on the space of attainable Cotterman coefficients for a relationship between two arbitrary non-inbred relatives. This restriction implies that the form of the expression for the correlation is in fact general, although the components cannot always be interpreted as parental kinships.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015814"}
{"pmid": "1015812", "title": "The testing of dominants for heterozygoisty.", "content": "The testing of dominants for heterozygoisty. A simple method of estimating the frequency of heterozygotes among the dominants by test-making has been described; and then a maximum likelihood estimate is obtained by an iterative counting procedure. Eearly results of Haldane have been review and modified. Methods of estimating the gene frequencies, their ratio, and the inbreeding coefficient from test-mating results have also been given.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015812"}
{"pmid": "1015815", "title": "The secondary sex ratio in the United States 1969-71: association with race, parental ages, birth order, paternal education and legitimacy.", "content": "The secondary sex ratio in the United States 1969-71: association with race, parental ages, birth order, paternal education and legitimacy. The simultaneous effects of several variables on the secondary sex ratio have been examined using data from over 5,000,000 births which occurred in the United States during 1969-71. The previously described negative association of birth order and sex ratio has been confirmed. For legitimate and illegitimate births combined, maternal age and paternal age are unimportant factors once account is made of birth order. This pattern obtains for both blacks and whites. The sex ratio for legitimate and illegitimate births is equivalent but the fact of legitimacy or illegitimacy may affect the association of the ratio with birth order and the parental ages. Paternal education is not significantly related to the ratio, but the highest probability of a male birth is found among fathers with intermediate levels of attainment. Even though the association between sex ratio and order of birth is highly significant in the statistical sense, the proportion of male births changes less than 2% over the extreme values of birth order. Furthermore, it is emphasized that the association accounts for only a very minor (less than 10%) proportion of the total variation in the ratio.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015815"}
{"pmid": "1015819", "title": "The fitness of human translocation carriers.", "content": "The fitness of human translocation carriers. A simple method to estimate the mean fitness of human translocation carriers is described. The method is based on information about the inheritance pattern of the translocations. This kind of data can be obtained from the surveys of the chromosome constitutions of new-born babies. The following fitness estimates are obtained: D/D translocation carriers, 0-94; D/G translocation carriers, 0-83; and reciprocal translocation carriers, 0-67. The estimates are rather uncertain due to the scarcity of information, but they are consistent with the expected results. More accurate estimates will be obtained in the future when more data on translocation carriers are available and the cytological classification of the different translocations becomes more exact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015819"}
{"pmid": "1015817", "title": "Limits of the general two-allele single locus model with incomplete penetrance.", "content": "Limits of the general two-allele single locus model with incomplete penetrance. A graphical method is presented that allows an investigator to find the mathematical limits of the general one locus two allele genetic model for any trait whose population prevalence is known. It is seen that while the model is quite flexible in its ability to fit family data, there remains a large area where the model cannot be fitted. Specific sub-regions corresponding to particular hypotheses (e.g. underdominant v. intermediate v. overdominant) can be found, thereby limiting the area that needs to be searched by other more complicated techniques. Moreover, knowledge of where a set of observations lies can enable an investigator to frame and test specific subhypotheses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015817"}
{"pmid": "1015818", "title": "Asymptotic behaviour of the mean of a phenotypic diffusion process.", "content": "Asymptotic behaviour of the mean of a phenotypic diffusion process. Asymptotic genotypic frequencies are evaluated as functions of selection parameters and initial conditions of a phenotypic diffusion process. On the basis of asymptotic relations between genotypic frequencies some analytic results about equilibrium are obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015818"}
{"pmid": "1015816", "title": "Two-sided assortative mating for a single locus.", "content": "Two-sided assortative mating for a single locus. Most models previously considered for assortative mating were such that no change in gene frequencies occurred, or that one-sided assortative mating was occurring. Two-sided assortative mating is more realistic for human populations, and in this paper a model of two-sided assortative mating is analysed for two autosomal alleles with dominance, an important case for human genetics. The concept of a relative probability of matin between two phenotypes is used, and this variable can take into account factors such as different propensities for assortment in the various phenotypes and so forth. It is shown that the gene frequency may vary from generation to generation and conditions for the establishment of a stable polymorphism are given. For instance, Stanton (1947) has considered a special case of two-sided assortative mating with two autosomal alleles and a constant correlation between mates, where the value expressed by the heterozygote is numerically exactly half-way between the values exhibited by the two homozygotes. Also he has considered a special form of assortative mating, where the probability of occurrence of matings between the same homozygotes has been increased in each generation by the same constant factor as the probability of occurrence of matings between different homozygotes has been decreased. The probability of occurrence of matings involving heterozygotes remains the same as if mating were random. For this particular model the frequency of the genotypes in those who mate in generation t is the same as for the general population in generation t, but the genotypic frequencies change from generation to generation, reaching an equilibrium value. Stark (1976) has also considered a similar model to Stanton's (1947), the major difference occurring in the construction of the mating frequencies, which in this case occurs according to the canonical decomposition of the 2-way table of mating frequencies. Stark shows the correspondence between the results for this model and those given by Malécot (1939, 1948). The results for all these models depend on the particular values assigned to the genotypes. Also these models could be extended as outlined in this article for the case of two autosomal alleles with dominance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015816"}
{"pmid": "1015828", "title": "Equilibrium centrifugation of proteins in acid solutions. Ovalbumin in aqueous acetic, propionic, and butyric acids.", "content": "Equilibrium centrifugation of proteins in acid solutions. Ovalbumin in aqueous acetic, propionic, and butyric acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015828"}
{"pmid": "1015825", "title": "Effects of hormones and of ethanol on the fructose 6-P-fructose 1,6-P2 futile cycle during gluconeogenesis in the liver.", "content": "Effects of hormones and of ethanol on the fructose 6-P-fructose 1,6-P2 futile cycle during gluconeogenesis in the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015825"}
{"pmid": "1015826", "title": "Acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenases and electron-transferring flavoprotein from beef hart mitochondria.", "content": "Acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenases and electron-transferring flavoprotein from beef hart mitochondria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015826"}
{"pmid": "1015827", "title": "Studies on histidine-rich polypeptides from human parotid saliva.", "content": "Studies on histidine-rich polypeptides from human parotid saliva.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015827"}
{"pmid": "1015829", "title": "Formation of deoxycytidine diphosphate-diglyceride by nuclei isolated from HeLa cells.", "content": "Formation of deoxycytidine diphosphate-diglyceride by nuclei isolated from HeLa cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015829"}
{"pmid": "1015830", "title": "Studies on the mode of sugar-phosphate product inhibition of brain hexokinase.", "content": "Studies on the mode of sugar-phosphate product inhibition of brain hexokinase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015830"}
{"pmid": "1015832", "title": "Creatine amidinohydrolase of Pseudomonas putida: crystallization and some properties.", "content": "Creatine amidinohydrolase of Pseudomonas putida: crystallization and some properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015832"}
{"pmid": "1015834", "title": "Multiple forms of rat liver mitochondrial DNA polymerase.", "content": "Multiple forms of rat liver mitochondrial DNA polymerase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015834"}
{"pmid": "1015831", "title": "Progesterone induction of lysozyme and peptidase activities in the porcine uterus.", "content": "Progesterone induction of lysozyme and peptidase activities in the porcine uterus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015831"}
{"pmid": "1015838", "title": "Incorporation of (3H) leucine into the nucleoli of previtellogenic and early vitellogenic oocytes of Xenopus laevis: a high resolution autoradiographic study.", "content": "Incorporation of (3H) leucine into the nucleoli of previtellogenic and early vitellogenic oocytes of Xenopus laevis: a high resolution autoradiographic study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015838"}
{"pmid": "1015835", "title": "Clearance of lysosomal hydrolases following intravenous infusion. Kinetic and competition experiments with beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase.", "content": "Clearance of lysosomal hydrolases following intravenous infusion. Kinetic and competition experiments with beta-glucuronidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015835"}
{"pmid": "1015836", "title": "Synthesis of 24S and 24R-hydroxy-[24-3H]vitamin D3 and their metabolism in rachitic rats.", "content": "Synthesis of 24S and 24R-hydroxy-[24-3H]vitamin D3 and their metabolism in rachitic rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015836"}
{"pmid": "1015837", "title": "Hepatic heme metabolism in selenium-deficient rats: effect of phenobarbital.", "content": "Hepatic heme metabolism in selenium-deficient rats: effect of phenobarbital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015837"}
{"pmid": "1015833", "title": "Metabolism of polyadenylic acid sequences during germination of blastocladiella emersoni: Zoospores.", "content": "Metabolism of polyadenylic acid sequences during germination of blastocladiella emersoni: Zoospores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015833"}
{"pmid": "1015842", "title": "Influence of trypsin and concanavalin A on sponge cell aggregation.", "content": "Influence of trypsin and concanavalin A on sponge cell aggregation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015842"}
{"pmid": "1015845", "title": "Maternal diabetes mellitus and congenital malformation. Survey of 205 cases.", "content": "Maternal diabetes mellitus and congenital malformation. Survey of 205 cases. Twenty-five out of 205 (i.e. 12%) babies born to diabetic mothers in the Birmingham Maternity Hospital in the period 1969-1974 were malformed as against 6% in a control group. The incidence was highest in the group where mothers were on insulin at the time of conception (17 out of 117, i.e. 15%). No correlation was observed between major malformation in this group and age of onset or duration of the diabetes, progressive vascular complications, maternal age, or parity. Cardiovascular malformations were over-represented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015845"}
{"pmid": "1015843", "title": "Exercise-induced bronchocontriction, skin sensitivity, and serum IgE in children with eczema.", "content": "Exercise-induced bronchocontriction, skin sensitivity, and serum IgE in children with eczema. Forty-two children with eczema were studied for exercise-induced asthma (EIA), skin sensitivity to prick testing, blood eosinophil count, and immunoglobulins. 29 had a fall in peak expiratory flow rate after exercise greater than 20% and of these, 23 had symptoms of wheezing. 13 of the eczematous children showed a fall of less than 20%. The children with EIA showed greater cutaneous sensitivity (p less than 0.001) and a higher total serum IgE (p less than 0.025). 3 of the group with a fall of less than 20% had allergic rhinitis with skin sensitivity to grass pollen. The remaining 10 had no clinical evidence of allergic disease, other than eczema and skin sensitivity, and total IgE fell within the normal range. It is suggested that in a proportion of chilren with eczema there is little evidence of reaginic allergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015843"}
{"pmid": "1015844", "title": "Investigation and management of long-standing chronic constipation in childhood.", "content": "Investigation and management of long-standing chronic constipation in childhood. The anorectal physiology of 106 children with long-standing chronic constipation, who had failed to response to a trial of medical treatment, was assessed. 10 (9%) were shown to have ultrashort-segment Hischsprung's disease, later confirmed on histology, The remainder showed evidence of hypertrophy of the internal sphicter on anorectal manometry and had a vigorous anal dilatation (to accept 4 fingers) under general anesthesia. After this, 38% were able to be weaned off all medication and most of the remainder improved. Further anal dilatation and internal sphincterotomy allowed a further 10 children to stop laxative, bringing the total to 48%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015844"}
{"pmid": "1015846", "title": "Clinical and subclinical vitamin D deficiency in Bradford children.", "content": "Clinical and subclinical vitamin D deficiency in Bradford children. A survey of the vitamin D status of Bradford schoolchildren was carried out in April 1973, employing conventional biochemistry, radiology, and measurement of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels. Biochemical evidence of rickets was present in 45% of the Asians. When re-examined in September, several children showed spontaneous biochemical resolution; nevertheless, radiological abnormalities were present in 12% of the original sample. No evidence of rickets was detected in the smaller White sample. Minor biochemical abnormalities were present in 9 of the 40 West Indian children. A study of admissions of Bradford hospitals in the 4 years 1969-1972 inclusive confirmed that clinical vitamin D deficiency was confined to Asians except for a few cases of infantile rickets in White children. The probability that one Asian child in 40 may require admission during the period from birth to adolescence emphasizes the urgent need for the introduction of prophylactic measures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015846"}
{"pmid": "1015847", "title": "Vitamin deficiencies and neural tube defects.", "content": "Vitamin deficiencies and neural tube defects. Serum folate, red cell folate, white blood cell vitamin C, riboflavin saturation index, and serum vitamin A were determined during the first trimester of pregnancy in over 900 cases. For each of these there was a social classes I + II showed the highest levels which differed significantly from other classes, except for serum folate. In 6 mothers who gave birth to infants with neural tube defects, first trimester serum folate, red cell folate, white blood cell vitamin C, and riboflavin values were lower than in controls. In spite of small numbers the differences were significant for red cell folate (P less than 0-001) and white blood cell vitamin C (P less than 0-05). These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that nutritional deficiencies are significant in the causation of congenital defects of the neural tube in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015847"}
{"pmid": "1015849", "title": "Measurements of muscle strength and performance in children with normal and diseased muscle.", "content": "Measurements of muscle strength and performance in children with normal and diseased muscle. A study has been made of two simple means of measuring muscle power in children with normal and diseased muscle. In one the length of time that the leg and the head could be held at 45 degrees above the horizontal was measured with the child supine. In the second, measurements were made of the isometric strength of six muscle groups with the newly developed Hammersmith Myometer. In the timed performance tests only 5 (8%) of a group of 61 children known to have muscle disease achieved the minimum expected values for their ages. Myometer readings of the isometric power of the children with muscle disease also have values which were below those of a comparable group of normal children. The reproducibility of muscle strength measurements in young children has been shown to be good, whereas the timed performance tests, though able to differentiate normal children from children with muscle disease, did not show sufficient reporducibility for this test to be recommended for sequential measurements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015849"}
{"pmid": "1015848", "title": "Analysis of 100 children with severe and persistent hypertension.", "content": "Analysis of 100 children with severe and persistent hypertension. In 100 children with persistent hypertension seen over the past 5 1/2 years the commonest causes of hypertension were chronic glomerulonephritis, reflux nephropathy, coarctation of the aorta, and obstructive uropathy, accounting for some 70% of cases. 17 children have died, but in the remainder hypertension has been controlled by surgery, chronic haemodialysis, or by the use of pharmacological agents. Methyldopa was the commonest drug used, and the children appeared relatively resistant to the side effects of this and of other drugs, even when large doses were used. The improvment is the prognosis of severe hypertension in childhood indicated in this survey is largely due to the availability of chronic haemodialysis and transplantation for end-stage renal disease, but the advances in diagnositc methods and surgical techniques and the introduction of new drugs have also contributed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015848"}
{"pmid": "1015850", "title": "Quantitative morphological studies of developing human cerebellar cortex in various disease states.", "content": "Quantitative morphological studies of developing human cerebellar cortex in various disease states. A quantitative morphological assessment was carried out of the cellularity and staining properties of the cells of the layers of the human cerebellar cortex, both in the normal child and in 41 children suffering from a series of disorders including mental retardation. A computerized image analyser and highly standardized procedures were used. All of the cases of mental retardation and some cases with congenital cardiac anomalies showed abnormal cell concentrations and staining properties. 3 cases of 'cot death' also showed abnormal results. These findings are presented as a new measurable aspect of brain disease, and as a indication for further study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015850"}
{"pmid": "1015851", "title": "Motor nerve conduction velocity in spinal muscular atrophy of childhood.", "content": "Motor nerve conduction velocity in spinal muscular atrophy of childhood. The ulnar and posterior tibial conduction velocities were measured in 29 children with spinal muscular atrophy, 14 of whom had the servere form of the disease. The ulnar nerve velocity was slow in 12 of the 14 severely affected infants, but normal or fast in 11 of 14 children less severely affected. The corresponding results for the posterior tibial nerve were slow velocities in 11 of 12 infants in the severe group and normal or fast in all 11 infants less severely affected. The difficulty in distinguishing infantile spinal muscular atrophy from peripheral neuropathy is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015851"}
{"pmid": "1015852", "title": "Failure to thrive and death in early infancy associated with raised urinary homovanillic and vanillylmandelic acids.", "content": "Failure to thrive and death in early infancy associated with raised urinary homovanillic and vanillylmandelic acids. A case of failure to thrive in an infant with persistently raised urinary levels of homovanillic and vanillylmandelic acids is descirbed. No neural crest tumour was discovered at surgical exploration or at necropsy. The relation of this biochemical abnormality and failure to thrive is unclear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015852"}
{"pmid": "1015853", "title": "Childhood actinomycosis. Report of 3 recent cases.", "content": "Childhood actinomycosis. Report of 3 recent cases. Three cases of childhood actinomycosis are reported, 2 with the commonest presentation of cervicofacial abscess and the third with a rarely reported superficial chest wall abscess. The importance of prompt bacteriological diagnosis and adequate treatment with surgical drainage and chemotherapy is stressed. Though in adults males are affected more frequently than females, the sexes are probably equally affected in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015853"}
{"pmid": "1015855", "title": "Rapid assessment of gestational age at birth.", "content": "Rapid assessment of gestational age at birth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015855"}
{"pmid": "1015854", "title": "Duchenne muscular dystrophy: early diagnosis, and screening.", "content": "Duchenne muscular dystrophy: early diagnosis, and screening.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015854"}
{"pmid": "1015856", "title": "Treatment of hereditary hypophosphataemic rickets.", "content": "Treatment of hereditary hypophosphataemic rickets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015856"}
{"pmid": "1015857", "title": "Nutritional deprivation during protracted diarrhoea after acute gastroenteritis.", "content": "Nutritional deprivation during protracted diarrhoea after acute gastroenteritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015857"}
{"pmid": "1015858", "title": "Criteria for diagnosis of temporary gluten intolerance.", "content": "Criteria for diagnosis of temporary gluten intolerance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015858"}
{"pmid": "1015860", "title": "Measurement and prediction of the disappearance rates from soil of 6-chloropicolinic acid.", "content": "Measurement and prediction of the disappearance rates from soil of 6-chloropicolinic acid. 6-Chloropicolinic acid is the sole detectable metabolite, other than carbon dioxide, arising from decomposition of 2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine in soil. The pyridine compound is a potent inhibitor of nitrification now in use with ammonium fertilizers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative influence of various soil and climatic factors on rates of degradation of 6-chloropicolinic acid in soil. Experiments with a wide range of soil types (23 soils) demonstrate that the most important factor influencing the decomposition rate of 6-chloropicolinic acid is soil temperature. When temperature is not a variable, the quantity of organic matter (0.9 to 6.9% by weight) and pH (4.8 to 8.1) significantly affect the rate of decomposition, but sand, silt, and clay percentages do not. Moisture content was without apparent effect because the range of values investigated was too narrow. A fractional-order rate law (0.7) describes the disappearance rate best. Application of the Arrhenius equation to the data for the decomposition of 6-chloropicolinic acid in soil indicates an activation energy of 6.57 kcal per mole, suggesting that the chemical is biologically rather than chemically degraded. It was not possible to develop a suitably precise equation for prediction of loss rate as affected by the above soil and climatic factors because undefined biological factors in the soils override the effect of measurable properties of soil and climate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015860"}
{"pmid": "1015859", "title": "Does conjugated bilirubin displace unconjugated bilirubin from albumin.", "content": "Does conjugated bilirubin displace unconjugated bilirubin from albumin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015859"}
{"pmid": "1015861", "title": "Insecticide and nutrient transport in water, related to agricultural land use of a stream basin in Ontario, Canada.", "content": "Insecticide and nutrient transport in water, related to agricultural land use of a stream basin in Ontario, Canada. Transport by stream water of insecticides and nutrients in Big Creek, Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada, was examined by combining concentrations of substrates with flow data. Big Creek has its headwaters in dairy cattle country, its central basin area is mainly devoted to tobacco growing, and its lower reaches contain mixed farming, corn and vegetables, etc., before it flows into Lake Erie. Three sampling sites were chosen to represent these 3 different land uses. Generally concentrations of substrates in the water were quite uniform at the 3 sites resulting in transport of quantities in proportion to stream flow. Certain anomalies occurred and are discussed. The 2 chief insecticides found were DDT and dieldrin. Analyses for potassium, calcium and magnesium indicated that these nutrient losses into the stream were area-rather than usage-dependent. Midseason variations in loss of nitrogen and phosphorus may be the result of agricultural practices in the three areas represented in this study. The largest quantities of all nutrients lost occurred early in the season before crops were established.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015861"}
{"pmid": "1015863", "title": "Disappearance of dislodgable residues of five organophosphate pesticides on citrus leaves and fruit during dry and wet weather in Florida.", "content": "Disappearance of dislodgable residues of five organophosphate pesticides on citrus leaves and fruit during dry and wet weather in Florida. Citrus leaf discs and fruit taken from trees sprayed at recommended levels and twice recommended levels with ethion, parathion, azinphosmethyl, carbophenothion, and dioxathion were shaken with water and wetting agent for removal of dislodgable residues at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days following treatment. The first portion of the field experiment was performed during a period of no rainfall (April) and the second when there was rainfall (July) in 1973. Four replicates of 50 leaf discs and 4 fruit, respectively, were averaged from each sampling to give data reported. A gas chromatograph equipped with a flame photometric detector was used for analysis. Dislodgable residues found decreased with increasing time following application and samples from the wet period were lower than those from the dry period. Moisture and temperature could account for the differences in the two sampling period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015863"}
{"pmid": "1015862", "title": "Toxic, neurochemical and behavioral effects of dieldrin exposure in mallard ducks.", "content": "Toxic, neurochemical and behavioral effects of dieldrin exposure in mallard ducks. Toxic, neurochemical and behavioral alterations were evaluated in ducks fed various dietary levels of dieldrin. Increasing amounts of dieldrin in the diet caused an appreciable decrease in the levels of three biogenic amines in whole brain, i.e. serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine. No effect was noted in whole brain gamma aminobutyric acid contents. Hepatic microsomal enzymes were assayed in these birds using p-nitroanisol and O-ethyl-O-p-nitrophenyl benzenethionophosphate as substrates. Sublethal amounts of dieldrin caused an increase in hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes. Similar alterations were noted in liver protein, deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid contents. Studies involving encounters between mallard drakes indicated a decline in the tendency for dieldrin exposed drakes to take the initiative and establish rights of access in approach confrontations. Although many of these changes are compatible with life processes, their significance is not well understood, especially in terms of lifelong exposure to persistent pesticides. The possible relationship between neurochemical alterations and the mechanisms of insecticide neurotoxicity is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015862"}
{"pmid": "1015864", "title": "Alteration of O,O-dimethyl S-[alpha-(carboethoxy)benzyl] phosphorodithioate (phenthoate) in citrus, water, and upon exposure to air and sunlight.", "content": "Alteration of O,O-dimethyl S-[alpha-(carboethoxy)benzyl] phosphorodithioate (phenthoate) in citrus, water, and upon exposure to air and sunlight. The fate of 32P- and 14C-labeled O,O-dimethyl S-[alpha-(carboethoxy)benzyl] phosphorodithioate (phenthoate) was determined in citrus, water, and upon exposure to air and sunlight. The products recovered from citrus and glass plates exposed to sunlight were unchanged phenthoate, phenthoate oxon, demethyl phenthoate, mandelic acid, bis-[alpha-(carboethoxy)benzyl] disulfide, O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioic and phosphorodithioic acid. Similar products generally were found in citrus leaf and fruit extracts. Phenthoate was fairly stable in phosphate buffered water with a half-life of approximately 12 days at pH 8.0. The major hydrolysis products were phenthoate acid, demethyl phenthoate and demethyl phenthoate oxon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015864"}
{"pmid": "1015880", "title": "The effect of normal human serum on trypanosomes of distinct antigenic type (ETat 1 to 12) isolated from a strain of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.", "content": "The effect of normal human serum on trypanosomes of distinct antigenic type (ETat 1 to 12) isolated from a strain of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015880"}
{"pmid": "1015879", "title": "Cysticercosis of pigs in the Republic of Zaire and its relation to human taeniasis.", "content": "Cysticercosis of pigs in the Republic of Zaire and its relation to human taeniasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015879"}
{"pmid": "1015885", "title": "Frequencies of the polymorphic types of red cell acid phosphatase in Zairians and in Belgians. Relation between phenotypes and enzymatic activities.", "content": "Frequencies of the polymorphic types of red cell acid phosphatase in Zairians and in Belgians. Relation between phenotypes and enzymatic activities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015885"}
{"pmid": "1015888", "title": "Abnormalities in gallbladder morphology and function in patients with cholelithiasis.", "content": "Abnormalities in gallbladder morphology and function in patients with cholelithiasis. Thirty-seven symptomatic cholelithiasis patients who had cholecystectomy were studied to determine the relationships between clinical manifestations, histologic findings and gallbladder absorptive capability. A clinical score was calculated from clinical data which we thought might be predictive of abnormal gallbladder histology. Histologic parameters indicative of gallbladder disease were used to calculate a histologic score. Shortcircuit current measurements, which reflect gallbladder sodium absorption,were used to assess absorptive function. Patients with very high clinical scores, indicative of pronounced clinical score was not predictive of histologic findings or absorptive function of the gallbladder is directly related to the degree of histologic abnormality, and that absorptive capability is not an all-or-none phenomenon. The data also show that visualization on oral cholecystography is an unreliable measure of gallbladder absorptive capability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015888"}
{"pmid": "1015886", "title": "Recurrent hyperparathyroidism.", "content": "Recurrent hyperparathyroidism. Recurrent hyperparathyroidism occurred in 11 of 295 patients from 10 months to 34 years after an initially successful operation. Seven patients with recurrent hyperparathyroidism had either multiple endocrine adenomatosis type I (MEA) or familial hyperparathyroidism (FHP), one patient had parathyroid cancer, and two patients had renal failure at the time of recurrence. Four of these patients ahd their initial operations elsewhere. Recurrence developed in 33% of patients with MEA or FHP but in only 0.4% of 242 patients without MEA or FHP. The presence of MEA or FHP was known before parathyroid exploration in 18 (86%) of the 21 patients. In patients with MEA or FHP, subtotal parathyroidectomy should be performed if there is more than one gland involved. Other patients should be treated by selective removal of an adenoma because recurrence is rare. Subtotal parathyroidectomy should be reserved for patients with diffuse hyperplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015886"}
{"pmid": "1015887", "title": "Pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitis.", "content": "Pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitis. Of one hundred and forty-nine patients (101 male and 48 female) 4-67 years of age, 117 were alcoholics and underwent pancreatectomy because of episodic or continuous abdominal pain or complications or chronic pancreatitis. Nineteen patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, seventy-seven 80-95% distal resection, anf fifty-three 40-80% distal pancreatic resection. There were 3 operative death and 30 late deaths 6 months to 11 years post pancreatectomy. Twenty-one patients were lost to followup, 1 to 11 years post pancreatectomy. Ninety-five patients are known to be alive, 4 of whom are institutionalized. Indications for pancreatectomy in addition to abdominal pain include recurrent or multiple pseudocysts, failure to relieve pain after decompression of a pseudocyst, pseudoaneurysm of the visceral arteries associated with a pseudocyst, recurrent attacks of pancreatitis unrelived by non-resective operations, duodenal stenosis and left side portal hypertension. The choice between pancreaticoduodenectomy or distal resection of 40-80% or 80-95% of the pancreas should be based on the principle site of inflammation whether proximal or distal in the gland, the size of the common bile duct, the ability to rule out carcinoma, and the anticipated deficits in exocrine and endocrine function. The risk of diabetes is very significant after 80-95% distal resection and of steatorrhea after pancreaticoduodenectomy. When the disease process can be encompassed by 40-80% distal pancreatectomy this is the procedure of choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015887"}
{"pmid": "1015889", "title": "Proximal gastric vagotomy: effects of two operative techniques on clinical and gastric secretory results.", "content": "Proximal gastric vagotomy: effects of two operative techniques on clinical and gastric secretory results. PGV performed in 39 patients by separating the lesser omentum from the stomach beginning 6 or 7 cm proximal to the pylorus and skeletonizing the distal 1 to 2 cm of esophagus was followed by 15.4% of proven and 10.2 of suspected recurrent ulcers. Insulin tests were done during the first 3 months postoperatively on 31 of the patients, including the 6 with proven and the 4 with suspected recurrent ulcers. The peak acid output to insulin minus tha basal acid output (PAOI-BAO) was less than 5 mEq/hr in 16 cases (52%) and from 5 to 25 mEq/hr in the remaining 15 cases. In 6 patients with proven recurrent ulcer, PAOI-BAO averaged 21.9 mEq/hr (range, 11.3 to 41.8); in the 4 patients with suspected recurrence, 9.5 (range, 4.4 to 11.8). The operative technique was changed in one respect; the distal 5 to 7.5 cm of the esophagus was skeletonized. In 14 patients, the mean PAOI-BAO +/- S.E. within 3 months of PGV was 1985 +/- 0.7 mEq/hr, and 13 of 14 values were less than 5 mEq/hr. One patient developed recurrent ulcer and required re-operation; this patient's value for PAO-BAO was 1.8 mEq/hr. The results show quantitatively that great differences in the completeness of PGV result from differences in the periesophageal dissection and emphasize its importance if optimal results are to be obtained and, especially, if the efficacy of the operation is to be judged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015889"}
{"pmid": "1015890", "title": "The value of thymectomy in myasthenia gravis: a computer-assisted matched study.", "content": "The value of thymectomy in myasthenia gravis: a computer-assisted matched study. In the absence of a prospective randomized study of patients treated conservatively or with thymectomy, a computer-assisted retrospective matches study was devised. Of 563 patients treated for myasthenia gravis without thymoma up to 1965, 104 had thymectomy. With computer assistance, each surgical patient was matched with a medical patient on the basis of age, sex, and severity and duration of disease. On this basis 80 of the 104 surgical patients could be matched satisfactorily. There were 16 males and 64 females in each of the matched surgically treated and medical control groups. A complete remission was experienced by 27 of the 78 patients in the surgical group as compared to 6 of the medical group. Improvement was noted by 26 of 78 surgically treated patients and 13 of 78 receiving medical treatment. Survival for patients having thymectomy. Thirty-four patients in the medical group had died as compared to 11 in the surgical group. Comparison of survival in relation to sex, duration of symptoms, or age (less than 30 or less than 30 years) did not show a significant difference. Until more effective treatment is available for myasthenia gravis, thymectomy deserves consideration for both sexes, and with increased age or long duration of symptoms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015890"}
{"pmid": "1015892", "title": "Ultrasonography as an aid in the diagnosis and management of surgical diseases of the pelvis: special emphasis on the genitourinary system.", "content": "Ultrasonography as an aid in the diagnosis and management of surgical diseases of the pelvis: special emphasis on the genitourinary system. Technological advances, particularly the advent of the gray scale technique, has greatly extended the application and usefulness of this modality to clinical diagnoses and surgery. The ultrasonic beam uniquely provides anatomical profiles in the transverse (cross-sectional) and sagittal (longitudinal) planes of the body. Intra-rectal and intra-vaginal ultrasonic probes have provided unique definition of both the normal and pathologic anatomy of the pelvic organs. The present report is drawn from a continuing experience with ultrasonography of the genitourinary system with an update of current technological advances. Ultrasonography has proven especially valuable in the following clinical applications: 1) Early diagnosis of cancer (especially of the prostate); 2) Accurate staging of cancer of the bladder and prostate; 3) Monitoring of the response of the pathologic process to therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015892"}
{"pmid": "1015891", "title": "Prognosis of gastric ulcer: twenty-five year followup.", "content": "Prognosis of gastric ulcer: twenty-five year followup. Four hundred twenty-two patients with gastric ulcer treated during 1950-1960 were followed up to 25 years with a mean followup of 9 years. Nonoperative treatment was used in 59% with a hospital mortality of 35%, one-third of these deaths being directly due to gastric ulcer perforation or hemorrhage. Operative treatment was used in 41% of patients. The most common operation (86%) was gastric resection without vagotomy. Overall operative mortality was 16%; 34% for emergency procedures and 6% for elective procedures. Cachexia seemed to be the most important factor related to operative mortality. Nonoperative treatment resulted in more than twice the hospital mortality compared to operative treatment. Approximately one-half of all patients treated non-operatively had a recurrent gastric ulcer at some time during this study. The recurrence rate following definitive gastric resection was 1.3% compared with 16% during nonoperative therapy. Three-fourths of recurrences occurred later than two years and nearly half of recurrences after more than 5 years of followup. Patients with a prior history of overt bleeding from gastric ulcer disease particularly were at risk for further bleeding. There were coincidental duodenal ulcers in 10% of our patients and a 0.8% incidence of gastric cancer during followup. Long term followup demonstrates the superiority of operative treatment of gastric ulcer and also reveals the continuous propensity of such ulcers to recurrence following nonoperative treatment. Earlier elective operation in patients with overt bleeding, recurrence or persisting symptoms should decrease overall mortality and result in a lower overall long-term risk of ulcer complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015891"}
{"pmid": "1015893", "title": "Parotid neoplasms: a report of 250 cases and review of the literature.", "content": "Parotid neoplasms: a report of 250 cases and review of the literature. A 25-year experience with parotid tumors was reviewed. From a total of 250 neoplasms, 173 were histologically benign and 77 were malignant. Benign mixed tumors accounted for 59% of all lesions. Clinical parameters used to diagnose parotid neoplasms were found to be unreliable in determining whether a given tumor was benign or malignant. The mean age for malignant lesions was 10 years greater than for benign lesions. The phenomenon of malignant transformation of a benign tumor was considered in four patients. Complete surgical excision is the safest and preferred method for diagnosis. Preoperative needle or incisional biopsy are associated with a high degree of local recurrence. The appropriate management of any parotid tumor is predicated on special histological type. Local excision or enucleation no longer have a place in the surgical management of benign parotid tumors. Postoperative tumor recurrence and morbidity are directly related to awareness of surgical anatomy and pursuit of correct surgical techniques for adequate resection. The five-year recurrence rate for 102 benign mixed tumors was 6%. Recurrence in malignant tumors varied with specific histological types but was generally high. Five-year survival for all malignant parotid tumors was 48%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015893"}
{"pmid": "1015894", "title": "Comparison of Payne and Scott operations for morbid obesity.", "content": "Comparison of Payne and Scott operations for morbid obesity. One hundred five patients were operated upon for morbid obesity using accepted criteria for operation. Forty-five patients with the Payne operation (35 cm of jejunum anastomosed end-to-side to 10 cm of ileum) were compared with 45 patients having the Scott operation (30 cm of jejunum anatomosed end-to-end to 15 cm of ileum with the proximal cut end of ileum vented into the transverse colon). The weight loss in the first two years was similar, although the Scott procedure patients lost slightly more weight. Comparison of the two groups by a new grading system also showed little difference in the two procedures. The Scott procedure takes longer and subjects the patient to an additional anastomosis. Study of a smaller group of patients having the Scott operation with varying lengths of jejunum and ileum indicates that there should not be less than 30 cm of jejunum nor more than 15 cm of ileum left in continuity. The length of jejunum is particularly important in the production of weight loss, and accurate intraoperative measurement of intestinal length is crucial. In the postoperative period the length of functional jejunum and ileum can be determined by upper gastrointestinal barium roentgenograms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015894"}
{"pmid": "1015906", "title": "Antihypertensive activity of a propranolol analog (ORF 12,592) in rodents.", "content": "Antihypertensive activity of a propranolol analog (ORF 12,592) in rodents. Studies were carried out to determine the antihypertensive effects of the 5-hydroxy derivative (ORF 12,592) of propranolol. Acute administration of ORF 12,592 produced a reduction in mean systolic blood pressure in desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) rats and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Propranolol was not effective in DOCA rats and produced a significant blood pressure reduction in SHR 48 hr after acute administration. These results demonstrated antihypertensive activity of an analog of propranolol and support the concept that the antihypertensive effects of propranolol may be mediated through a metabolite.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015906"}
{"pmid": "1015907", "title": "A comparison of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle actions of dantrolene sodium--a skeletal muscle relaxant.", "content": "A comparison of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle actions of dantrolene sodium--a skeletal muscle relaxant. Dantroline sodium, a skeletal muscle relaxant, has been proposed to inhibit the relase of Ca++ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Such a mechanism suggests that other muscle contractile systems operating with the same Ca++ denominator should also be affected by the drug. In the present studies dantrolene sodium effects on smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscle have been evaluated with in situ and in vitro techniques. In anesthetized dogs in situ skeletal muscle contractions were inhibitied in a dose-dependent manner, but cardiac muscle contractions were not. Effects on intestinal smooth muscle responses were highly variable and of short duration. In vitro, ED50 values were developed with dantrolene sodium (0.15-120 mg/l) in DMSO for each tissue. Skeletal muscle was the most sensitive (ED50 = 4.1 mg/l), cardiac muscle contractions were not inhibited by the drug and intestinal smooth muscle (ED50 = 59.0 mg/l) was approximately 1/14 as sensitive as skeletal muscle. It is concluded that skeletal muscle is uniquely sensitive to dantrolene sodium. A hypothesis for this specific action is offered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015907"}
{"pmid": "1015908", "title": "The effect of acetylcholine on biliary excretion of ouabain in the physostigmine pretreated isolated perfused rat liver.", "content": "The effect of acetylcholine on biliary excretion of ouabain in the physostigmine pretreated isolated perfused rat liver. The effect of acetylcholine (ACh) on bile flow and biliary excretion of 3H-ouabain was studied in the physostigmine pretreated isolated perfused rat liver. ACh added into the perfusion medium to give a concentration of 1 X 10(-4)M after the addition of physostigmine (2 X 1 X 10(-5)M) transiently decreased bile flow and biliary concentration of tritium, originated from 3H-ouabain. A deficit of 34 mul of bile during the decreased bile flow could be calculated, compared to the control group. This deficit in bile flow possibly reflects an inhibitory secretory effect of ACh on canalicular bile secretion, or enhanced reabsorption of water in the biliary tree. The decline in the concentration of 3H-oubain in the bile after the addition of ACh indicates that ACh inhibits biliary transport of ouabain by an unknown mechanism, in addition to its effect on bile flow. Physostigmine alone possibly was without an effect on biliary elimination of ouabain. The results show that ACh retards the biliary elimination of ouabain through its influence on bile flow and biliary concentraton of ouabain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015908"}
{"pmid": "1015912", "title": "Neurotoxicity of digitoxin in adult and newborn rats: drug distribution.", "content": "Neurotoxicity of digitoxin in adult and newborn rats: drug distribution. Electrocardiographic monitoring of adult and 1 week old (newborn) rats during severe acute digitoxin toxicity demonstrated a lack of acrdiotoxicity despite marked neurotoxicity in both age groups. To examine the possibility that drug disposition is a factor in the unusual digitoxin sensitivity of newborn rats, 3H-digitoxin distribution in liver, heart, brain, kidney, adrenal, blood and fat was compared in 1 and 3 week old (weanling) rats at 2, 12 and 24 hr. H3-label was rapidly sequestered by the liver in weanlings but not in newborn rats. Newborns had significantly higher concentrations of 3H-substance in all other organs, particularly in brain (greater than 25% of the administered dose at 24 hr), indicating a cerebrotoxic basis for the newborn's sensitivity to digitoxin. Only trace amounts of 3H-substance were recovered from adult rat brain during severe neurotoxicity (72 hr) suggesting that digitoxin metabolites may be potent cerebrotoxins. Extremely high adrenal concentrations were noted in all animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015912"}
{"pmid": "1015911", "title": "An increase of liver uptake of thyroxine, an initial step of an increased fecal loss of thyroxine in response to propylthiouracil in rats.", "content": "An increase of liver uptake of thyroxine, an initial step of an increased fecal loss of thyroxine in response to propylthiouracil in rats. Propylthiouracil augmented fecal loss of thyroxine (T4), but methimazole was without effect in this respect in rats. In vitro uptake of labeled T4 by the liver was significantly enhanced by a small amount of propylthiouracil in the presence of dilute rat plasma. Methimazole was without effect under comparable conditions. In contrast, propylthiouracil and methimazole failed to affect in vitro uptake of labeled T4 by the kidney and diaphragm in the presence of dilute rat plasma. Since deiodination of T4 does not occur in the presence of dilute rat plasma, it is suggested that propylthiouracil specifically stimulates liver uptake of T4 as an initial step of an increase of biliary-fecal excretion of T4 in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015911"}
{"pmid": "1015913", "title": "The effects of digitoxin and its metabolites on the transmembrane potential and contractile characteristics of guinea-pig ventricle strips.", "content": "The effects of digitoxin and its metabolites on the transmembrane potential and contractile characteristics of guinea-pig ventricle strips. The effects of 10(-7) and 10(-6) M digitoxin, and some of its metabolites, digitoxigenin-bis-digitoxoside, digitoxigenin-mono-digitoxoside and digitoxigenin on the transmembrane potential and contractile characteristics of guinea-pig right ventricle strips were studied to define the role of the sugar side-chain in these cleavage products of digitoxin. Digitoxin and digitoxigenin produced their maximum inotropic responses, without induction of arrhythmias, at about 30 min. However, the bis and mono compounds produced arrhythmias within 12 min, so the inotropy recorded may not be the maximum response. Digitoxin with 3 sugar residues and the bis compound with 2 sugar residues produced a prolongation in the action potenital duration. In contrast, the mono compound with one sugar residue and the digitoxigenin with no sugar residue produced a shortening of the action potential duration. There may be a relationship between the number of sugar moieties and the action potential duration; digitoxin and its bis derivative increased the action potential duration and mono- and digitoxigenin decreased the action potential duration. There also appeared to be an unusual relationship between the number of sugar moieties and induction of arrhythmias; arrhythmogenicity occurred at the doses employed with only the bis- and mono-digitoxoside. Finally, there appeared to be no simple relationship between chemical structure and inotropic potency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015913"}
{"pmid": "1015914", "title": "Relationships between chronotropic effect, 1-3H-noradrenaline uptake and tissue concentrations of desipramine, protripyline and doxepin in rat isolated atria.", "content": "Relationships between chronotropic effect, 1-3H-noradrenaline uptake and tissue concentrations of desipramine, protripyline and doxepin in rat isolated atria. The pharmacological effects of three tricyclic antidepressant agents (desipramine, protriptyline and doxepin) are evaluated in rat isolated atria in relation to their accumulation and efflux kinetics. The pharmacological effects studed are: inhibition of 1-3H-noradrenaline uptake, potentiation of 1-noradrenaline chronotropic response, and changes in spontaneous atrial rate. All drugs inhibit noradrenaline uptake and potentiate noradrenaline chronotropic response (desipramine congruent to protriptyline greater than doxepin). Desipramine and protriptyline, at concentrations of 10(-7) -- 10(-6)M stimulate the spontaneous rate; higher concentrations (greater than 10(-6)M) depress it. Doxepin has only a negative chronotropic effect. When the drugs are removed from the incubation medium, the depressing effect starts to disappear immediately for doxepin and desipramine and after 20 min for protriptyline. On the contrary the stimulating effect persists after repeatedly washing the preparations. Desipramine, protriptyline and doxepin extensively accumulate in the myocardial tissue (desipramine larger than or equal to protriptyline greater than doxepin). In the efflux studies doxepin is washed out more rapidly than desipramine and protriptyline. Although the kinetics of uptake and efflux of the three compounds are not sufficient to interpret their different pharmacological activities in isolated atria, they give useful information on the persistance of the sympathomimetic effect and the rapid disappearing of the negative chronotropic effect after washing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015914"}
{"pmid": "1015918", "title": "Effects of droperidol on cardiovascular adrenoceptors.", "content": "Effects of droperidol on cardiovascular adrenoceptors. The influence of droperidol on the pressor effect of noradrenaline was investigated in pithed rats injected with propranolol. Droperidol induced a dose-dependent shift of the noradrenaline dose-response curve to the right, but proved to be 20 times less potent than phentolamine. Droperidol produced a considerably more pronounced inhibition of the effect of tyramine than of that of noradrenaline.--The influence of droperidol on the increase in tension induced by noradrenaline was determined in isolated aortic strips of rats. The drug caused a marked parallel shift of the noradrenaline concentration-response curve to the right (pA2:7.99). In this preparation droperidol and phentolamine were equieffective.--Droperidol did not produce a significant shift of the noradrenaline concentration-response curves obtained for the positive chronotropic and inotropic effects in spontaneously beating right guinea-pig atria and in electrically driven left atria, respectively.--It is concluded that droperidol is a competitive inhibitor of the vascular alpha-adrenoceptors, leaving the beta-adrenoceptors of the heart unaffected, and that it inhibits the neuronal uptake mechanism of noradrenaline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015918"}
{"pmid": "1015915", "title": "Calcium-dependent, iproveratril-resistant contractions of aortic strips induced by a convulsant barbiturate.", "content": "Calcium-dependent, iproveratril-resistant contractions of aortic strips induced by a convulsant barbiturate. At 3 X 10(-5) M concentratons, 5-(2-cyclohexylideneëthyl)-5-ethyl barbituric acid (CHEB) causes a contraction of rabbit aortic strips that is equivalent to about half of the maximal response to norepinephrine. If a calcium-free medium is substituted for normal bathing solution and drug is added immediately thereafter, there is no response to the convulsant barbiturate but a nearly normal response to norepinephrine. When calcium is replaced in stepwise increments, the contractor response to CHEB appears in corresponding increments. The prompt influence of changes in external calcium-concentration suggests that CHEB-induced contraction occurs as a result of calcium influx into cells rather than a release of free calcium from previously accumulated intracellular stores. CHEB effect, like that of potassium, is prevented by pretreatment with lanthanum (5 X 10(-3)M). CHEB differs from potassium in that its effects are even more sensitive to changes in extracellular calcium concentration. Nevertheless, CHEB can contract aortic strips in the presence of iproveratril at a concentration (10(-4)M) that blocks all response to potassium (100 mM).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015915"}
{"pmid": "1015916", "title": "Effect of some antihypertensive drugs and catecholamine depletors on the plasma renin activity in the rat.", "content": "Effect of some antihypertensive drugs and catecholamine depletors on the plasma renin activity in the rat. The effect of some antihypertensive drugs and catecholamine depletors on the plasma renin activity (PRA) has been investigated in the rat. Diazoxide and CIBA 4416-Go. increased and clonidine decreased the PRA significantly. The increase in PRA following diazoxide was partially blocked by oxprenolol, adrenalectomy and demedullation. Adrenal cortex does not seem to contribute to this increase in PRA following diazoxide. Pretreatment of rats with reserpine, guanethidine or 6-hydroxydopamine alsine, guanethidine and 6-hydroxydopamine when given acutely or repeatedly (for 3 days) did not produce any significant change in PRA. It is concluded that vasodilators like diazoxide and CIBA 4416-Go. increase PRA resulting from sympathetic activation which follows hypotension; this increase is blocked by catecholamine depletors like reserpine, guantethidine and 6-hydroxydopamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015916"}
{"pmid": "1015917", "title": "Role of neuronal and extraneuronal factors in temperature mediated responsiveness of adrenoceptors.", "content": "Role of neuronal and extraneuronal factors in temperature mediated responsiveness of adrenoceptors. Changes in bath temperature caused changes in the adrenergic responsiveness of rabbit iris dilator muscle as indicated by shifts in dose-response curves along the log axis and changes in maximum responses. Responses of control tissues to an alpha agonist (norepinephrine) were increased at lower temperatures and responses to a beta agonist (isoprenaline) were increased at higher temperatures. Responses of control tissues were compared with responses of tissues pretreated with cocaine or with responses of adrenergically denervated tissues (chemical and surgical). Changes in ED50 values with temperature change are similar in control, cocaine pretreated or denervated muscles. In contrast, changes in maximum response with temperature change are reversed by cocaine pretreatment or denervation. Pretreatment of tissues with an inhibitor of catechol-o-methyl transferase (tropolone) or an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (iproniazid) did not affect the temperature sensitivity of adrenoceptors. Also, responses to terbutaline, a beta agonist not susceptible to catechol-o-methyl transferase, changed with temperature. These data indicate that for rabbit iris dilator muscle both a neuronal and an extraneuronal component are involved in adrenoceptor response changes induced by temperature change and that changes in rates of activity of metabolizing enzymes are not involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015917"}
{"pmid": "1015919", "title": "Differential species sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of cardiac glycosides on 3H-1-noradrenaline accumulation by tissue slices.", "content": "Differential species sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of cardiac glycosides on 3H-1-noradrenaline accumulation by tissue slices. Effects of three cardiac glycosides on the accumulation of 3H-1-noradrenaline (3H-1-NA) by slices of heart and spleen were studied. Ouabain, digitoxin and digoxin, all produced a concentration dependent inhibition of 3H-1-NA uptake in both types of tissue slices. The maximum amount of 3H-1-NA accumulated as well as the rate of uptake was decreased. Digitoxin and ouabain were equipotent; however, digoxin was significantly less potent. Tissues from different mamalian specis did not exhibit the same degree of sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of cardiac glycosides on 3H-1-NA accumulation. Dogs were most sensitive and guinea-pigs an order of magnitude less sensitive. Rats were least sensitive by roughly two orders of magnitude when compared with guinea-pigs. The relationship of the effect of digitalis on 3H-1-NA accumulation to digitalis-induced cardiac arrhythmias is discussed. Finally, the pattern of species sensitivity found here is compared with that observed in relation to inhibition of Na+-K+-ATPase by cardiac glycosides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015919"}
{"pmid": "1015920", "title": "Ouabain cardiotoxicity, a reassessment of methodology.", "content": "Ouabain cardiotoxicity, a reassessment of methodology. The capacity of ouabain (1 mug/kg/min and 2 mug/kg/min) to induce cardiotoxicity was explored in control cats and cats after spinal cord transection. In cats receiving 1 mug/kg/min, a higher dose of ouabain was needed to produce lethal arrhythmias in spinal cats compared to intact cats. However, in cats receiving 2 mug/kg/min, there was no difference in dose to death between intact and spinal cats. At death, the serum level and ventricular contents of ouabain was higher in animals with spinal cord transection regardless of the rate of ouabain infusion. Thus it appears that determination of the myocardial tissue digitalis concentration more accurately reflects the state of digitalis sensitivity than the administered dose. Additionally, seemingly paradoxical findings with regard to dose are explicable when serum and tissue concentration are simultaneously evaluated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015920"}
{"pmid": "1015921", "title": "Haemodynamic effects of prazosin.", "content": "Haemodynamic effects of prazosin. Parzosin, 0.001 to 10 mg/kg, was administered intravenously to anesthetized normal rats. In the dose range 0.001 to 0.01 mg/kg, the drug induced highly significant, dose-related falls in blood pressure, pulse pressure and heart rate. With doses above 0.01 mg/kg, there was a plateau in hypotensive efficacy and a diminution in negative chronotropic activity. Both actions of prazosin (0.01 mg/kg) were unaffected by vagal blockade with atropine, while hypotensive potency was unimpaired after beta-adrenoreceptor blockade. The vasodilator, diazoxide, lowered blood pressure, widened pulse pressure and caused tachycardia in rats pre-treated with pentolinium. In contrast, all effects of prazosin were abolished by ganglion blockade. These findings, together with the absence of compensatory tachycardia or gross renin hypersecretion during prazosin-induced hypotension, are compatible with an antisympathotonic mode of action for the drug. However, consistent with its effects on cyclic nucleotide distribution, prazosin appears to enhance isoprenaline-induced beta-receptor stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015921"}
{"pmid": "1015925", "title": "On the mechanism of action of bombesin on gastric and pancreatic secretion of the chicken.", "content": "On the mechanism of action of bombesin on gastric and pancreatic secretion of the chicken. The present experiments have been carried out in order to establish whether the stimulatory effect of bombesin on the chicken gastric acid secretion is a direct effect or is mediated by the release of hormones, such as the Avian Pancreatic Petide and/or Gastrin. removal of the pancreas, which is known to be the site of starage of the Avian Pancreatic Polypeptide, does not produce any decrease of the stimulant effect of bombesin on gastric secretion. Removal of the zone between the gizzard and duodenum, which shows histological features similar to those of the mammalian antrum and in which gastrin cells have been described, sharply decreases the basal values of gastric secretion as well as the stimulant effect of bombesin, while the effectiveness of caerulein, a gastrin-like peptide directly acting on oxintopeptic cells, is maintained. In chickens deprived of the duodenum-gizzard zone, bombesin shows a stimulant effect on pancreatic secretion indistinguishable from that observed in intact animals. It is concluded that the gastric but not pancreatic, action of bomtesin is mediated through the release of a factor(gastrin) from the gizzard-duodenum junction. Release of Avian Pancreatic Polypeptide from the pancreas is not involved in the mechanism of the action of bombesin on gastric secretion of the chicken.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015925"}
{"pmid": "1015923", "title": "The effect of apomorphine and haloperidol on the RNA content of brain structures of the rat.", "content": "The effect of apomorphine and haloperidol on the RNA content of brain structures of the rat. At a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, apomorphine caused an increase of the RNA content of the septal nucleus of rats (n. medialis + n. lateralis + n. accumbens); after 2.5 mg/kg this effect became more marked and, in addition, there was an increase of RNA in the caudate nucleus. All effects were antagonized by 0.5 mg/kg of haloperidol. These data suggest that apomorphine acts, at different dose levels, on different sites of the brain. This might be related to the also different behavioral effects of apomorphine at those two dose levels. Haloperidol on its own caused a fall of RNA in the amygdaloid nucleus which was not counteracted by any of the two doses of apomorphine. Neither drug had any influence on hypothalamic RNA concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015923"}
{"pmid": "1015924", "title": "The local anesthetic activity of saxitoxin alone and with vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agents.", "content": "The local anesthetic activity of saxitoxin alone and with vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agents. STX (saxitoxin), alone and with various vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agents, was evaluated for its ability to produce topical anesthesia on the rabbit cornea, peripheral nerve block in the rat, and epidural anesthesia in the dog. High frequency and long duration of block can be attained if sufficiently high concentrations of STX are used, although latency is long and the doses used may produce systemic toxicity. Frequency of satisfactory blocks and mean duration of block can be increased and systemic toxicity reduced if STX is administered with a vasoconstrictor agent. Conventional local anesthetic agents also enhance the nerve blocking activity of STX. When appropriate concentrations of STX, vasoconstrictor and local anesthetic agents are used, systemic toxic effects are not manifested and the blocks produced exhibit the rapid onset and high frequency of block characteristic of the local anesthetic agent and the remarkably long duration of STX.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015924"}
{"pmid": "1015926", "title": "Anti-ulcer activity of colloidal bismuth subcitrate in Shay-rats.", "content": "Anti-ulcer activity of colloidal bismuth subcitrate in Shay-rats. The anti-ulcer action of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) was tested in rats with a ligated pylorus (the Shay preparation). The liquid form used in the clinic displayed a dose-related inhibition of gastric ulceration. the recently developed solid form appeared to be just as effective. On the other hand, non-processed, non-colloidal bismuth salts and the CBS vehicle blank were completely inactive. The anti-ulcer activity of CBS was found to be unrelated to its buffering capacity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015926"}
{"pmid": "1015927", "title": "Effect of furosemide on renal hilar lymph flow.", "content": "Effect of furosemide on renal hilar lymph flow. Furosemide is known to increase total renal blood flow. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between this hemodynamic change and renal hilar lymph flow. Renal blood flow was measured with an electromagnetic flowmeter placed on the left renal artery of anesthetized dogs. Lymph was collected from a cannulated hilar vessel. Urine volume loss was not replaced. In the first 10 min after furosemide (1 mg/kg i.v.), lymph flow was significantly increased and then declined toward control within 30 to 40 min. The decline in lymph flow lagged behind the decline in blood flow by about 10 min. In 11 experiments in which there was a significant increase in renal blood flow, renal hilar lymph flow also increased. In 5 experiments in which renal blood flow did not increase after furosemide, lymph flow also did not increase. In both groups, urine volume was significantly increased but the diuresis was less in the group in which renal blood flow and lymph did not increase. When hydrochlorothiazide (5 mg/kg, i.v.) was administered, neither renal blood flow nor hilar lymph flow was altered. The effect of equi-diuretic doses of furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide on renal tissue water content were compared. The amount of water present after furosemide was significantly greater than the amount present after hydrochlorothiazide. These data support the concept that changes in renal hilar lymph flow are more a consequence of changes in renal blood flow than in urine volume.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015927"}
{"pmid": "1015932", "title": "Olfactory nerve reconstitution in the homing pigeon after resection: ultrastructural and electrophysiological data.", "content": "Olfactory nerve reconstitution in the homing pigeon after resection: ultrastructural and electrophysiological data. Homing pigeons were subjected to uni- or bilateral resection of the olfactory nerves. A control of the operated region carried out five months later, showed that the olfactory nerves were continuous from the olfactory mucosa to the bulb. Cross sections of the regenerated nerve, observed under the electron microscope, showed morphological alterations with respect to the normal. Total measurement of the cross surface of both olfactory nerves showed that the regenerated nerve is always smaller than the intact nerve; this is also apparent in the total number of the fibres counted. Electrophysiological tests, performed on the regenerated nerve showed that the conduction along the resected nerve is restored.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015932"}
{"pmid": "1015922", "title": "Effects of scopolamine and methscopolamine on acquisition and retention of rat one-way shuttle box behavior and total brain acetylcholine.", "content": "Effects of scopolamine and methscopolamine on acquisition and retention of rat one-way shuttle box behavior and total brain acetylcholine. The effects of scopolamine HBr (0.032 to 10.0 mg/kg), methscopolamine Br (1.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) and 0.36 mg/kg NaBr on acquisition and retention of one-way avoidance behavior and total brain acetylcholine (ACh) were studied in male albino rats. Compared to equimolar NaBr, scopolamine caused a dose-related impairment in acquisition of avoidance responding while methscopolamine did not. Retention of avoidance behavior in trained rats was also disrupted, but the detrimental effect was smaller and occurred only following large doses of scopolamine. The per cent escape behavior was not decreased by any of the treatments. It increased as avoidance was decreased. Scopolamine caused a dose-related increase in latency and avoidance and escape responding compared to equimolar NaBr. However, scopolamine increased the latency of avoidance at lower doses and to a greater degree than it increased the latency of escape. Escape latencies were significantly increased only at the largest dose (10 mg/kg). These dose-related effects of scopolamine were greater during acquisition than during retention. Small doses (0.032 mg/kg) shortened latency of avoidance during retention. Methscopolamine increased avoidance and escape latencies only at the largest dose (10 mg/kg). Scopolamine produced a dose-related decrease in brain ACh which correlated well with the per cent avoidance in acquisition (r = 0.95) and retention (r = 0.88) trials. It is concluded that a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist with central actions like scopolamine affects selective aspects of avoidance behavior in low doses, and that these changes are highly correlated with brain ACh levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015922"}
{"pmid": "1015933", "title": "Temporal distribution of rapid eye movements and related monophasic potentials in the brain stem following injection of an anticholinesterase.", "content": "Temporal distribution of rapid eye movements and related monophasic potentials in the brain stem following injection of an anticholinesterase. The temporal distribution of the horizontal rapid eye movements and the related monophasic potentials recorded from the ascending MLF following intravenous injection of o.i mg/kg of anticholinesterase has been investigated in precollicular decerebrate animals. In particular the intervals between individual MLF potentials occurring during successive REM episodes have been evaluated over a total period of 2000 sec on each experiment. 2. There was a bimodal distribution of intervals due to the fact that all the rapid eye movements and the related MLF potentials were grouped in bursts which occurred at quite regular intervals. 3. During the cholinergically induced episodes of REM, there were usually bursts of REM in one direction followed by bursts of REM in the opposite direction. The mean number of individual eye movements within each burst was 4.67 +/- 0.84, S.D., while the average interval between the individual eye movements corresponded to 167 +/- 36 msec, S.D. 4. There was a great regularity in the periodic occurrence of the bursts of REM. In particular the mean interval between the beginning of a burst of REM in one direction (i.e., towards the left side) and that of the next train oriented in the opposite direction (i.e., towards the right side) was 1.97 +/- 0.47 sec, S.D., while the mean interval between the beginning of this last train and that of the successive train oriented in the former direction corresponded to 2.97 +/- 0.48 sec, S.D. Moreover, the duration of the whole period corresponding to the interval between two successive bursts of REM oriented in the same direction (i.e., towards left or towards right) corresponded on average to 4.94 +/- 0.55 sec S.D. and 4.99 +/- 0.52 sec, S.D. respectively. 5. In addition to these \"simple bursts\" of rapid eye movements oriented in one direction, there were \"complex bursts\" in which an alternation of the individual eye movements within each burst was observed. In these instances the mean number of spikes was greater (5.35 +/- 1.20, S.D.) and the mean interval shorter 119 +/- 44 msec, S.D.) than those observed in the \"simple bursts\", About 10-15% of the bursts occurring during the cholinergically induced REM episodes were of the complex type. 6. These findings obtained from an individual experiment were confirmed in all the decerebrate animals treated with the same dose of anticholinesterase; only slight quantitative differences were detected from case to case. 7. Since the bursts of REM induced by the anticholinesterase depend upon the activity of the vestibular nuclei, it is postulated that cholinergic reticular neurons activate structures which show waxing and waning in their activity before acting on the vestibulo-oculomotor system. This system probably contains the inhibitory interneurons which transform the regularly modulated input into  a rhythmic vestibular output...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015933"}
{"pmid": "1015934", "title": "Study of genetic relationships among marine species of the genera Beneckea and Photobacterium by means of in vitro DNA/DNA hybridization.", "content": "Study of genetic relationships among marine species of the genera Beneckea and Photobacterium by means of in vitro DNA/DNA hybridization. Strains representative of species of the marine genera Beneckea and Photobacterium were used as reference standards in in vitro DNA/DNA competition experiments. Within a given species, strains were found to be related by over 80% competition. (Competition was defined as the amount of radioactive DNA displaced by heterologous DNA relative to the amount displaced by homologous DNA.) On the basis of interspecies competition values (expressed as averages), the following groupings could be made: 1. \"Photobacterium\" fischeri was related to strain ATCC 15382 by a competition of 38% and was distinct from all the other strains tested (competition less than or equal to 11%). 2. The genus Photobacterium consisted of 3 species, P.phosphoreum, P.leiognathi, and a newly designated species, P.angustum (composed of non-luminous strains). The latter species was found to be related to P.leiognathi and P.phosphoreum by 56 and 28% competition, respectively, while P.phosphoreum was related to P.leiognathi by 29%. 3. In the genus Beneckea, 65% competition was detected between B.harveyi and B.campbellii as well as between B.parahaemolytica and B.alginolytica. These pairs of species were related to each other by 51-58% and to B.natriegens by 34-56% competition. A newly designated pathogenic species, B.vulnifica, appeared to have a low but significant relationship to all the above mentioned species of Beneckea. 4. Two biotypes, related by 68% competition, were recognized in the species B.splendida. Similarly, B.pelagia was found to consist of 2 biotypes related by a competition of 67%. The competition values between these species were 38-40%. 5. B.nereida, B.nigrapulchrituda, and \"Vibrio\" anguillarum had competition values less than or equal to 30% to each other as well as to other species of Beneckea. 6. With Vibrio cholerae as the reference standard, V.albensis was found to be related by a competition of 82%, while V.proteus and V.metschnikovii had competition values of 22 and 12%, respectively. These results suggested that V.albensis should be synonymized with V.cholerae, while the latter two organisms should remain distinct from this species. V.cholerae as well as the other terrestrial organisms tested did not appear to be significantly related to any of the marine strains (competition values less than or equal to 27%). The speciation derived from the results of the DNA/DNA competition experiments was compared to previous speciation based on phenotypic similarities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015934"}
{"pmid": "1015935", "title": "Chemotaxis in Actinoplanes.", "content": "Chemotaxis in Actinoplanes. The chemotactic properties of spores of Actinoplanes brasiliensis were examined. The spores are attracted to chloride and bromide solutions but not to a number of organic compounds that are capable of supporting growth in chemically defined media. Chloride attraction has been tested in several other species of the genus and in a number of Actinoplanes strains isolated from soils. Some are attracted to chloride, but most strains are indifferent to the halide. In dense suspensions, the spores of A. brasiliensis show an apparent microaerophilic behavior. The ecolotical implications of the chemotactic properties of the A. brasiliensis spores are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015935"}
{"pmid": "1015937", "title": "Desulfuromonas acetoxidans gen. nov. and sp. nov., a new anaerobic, sulfur-reducing, acetate-oxidizing bacterium.", "content": "Desulfuromonas acetoxidans gen. nov. and sp. nov., a new anaerobic, sulfur-reducing, acetate-oxidizing bacterium. Anaerobic sea or fresh water media with acetate and elemental sulfur yielded enrichments of a new type of strictly anaerobic, rod-shaped, laterally flagellated, Gram-negative bacterium. Three pure culture-strains from different sulfide-containing sea water sources were characterized in detail and are described as a new genus and species Desulfuromonas acetoxidans. The new bacterium is unable to ferment organic substances; it obtains energy for growth by anaerobic sulfur respiration. Acetate, ethanol or propanol can serve as carbon and energy source for growth; their oxidation to CO2 is stoichiometrically linked to the reduction of elemental sulfur to sulfide. Organic disulfide compounds, malate or fumarate are the only other electron acceptors used. Butanol and pyruvate are used in the presence of malate only; no other organic compounds are utilized. Biotin is required as a growth factor. The following dry weight yields per mole of substrate are obtained: in the presence of sulfur: 4.21 g on acetate, 9.77 g on ethanol; in the presence of malate: 16.5 g on acetate, 34.2 g on ethanol and 46.2 g on pyruvate. Accumulations of cells are pink; cell suspensions exhibit absorption spectra resembling those of c-type cytochromes (abs. max. at 419, 523 and 553 nm). Malate-ethanol grown cells contain a b-type cytochrome in addition. In the presence of acetate, ethanol or propanol, Desulfuromonas strains form robust growing syntrophic mixed cultures with phototrophic green sulfur bacteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015937"}
{"pmid": "1015936", "title": "The effect of a non-metabolizable analog on mandelate catabolism in Pseudomonas putida.", "content": "The effect of a non-metabolizable analog on mandelate catabolism in Pseudomonas putida. DL-2,3,4,5,6-pentafluoromandelic acid (PFM) specifically inhibits the growth of Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 12633) on medium containing mandelate as sole carbon and energy source by competitive inhibition of mandelate dehydrogenase. PFM is not metabolized and is neither an inducer of the mandelate catabolic enzymes nor an antagonist of induction. Mutants resistant to the inhibitory effects of PFM (PFMr) were isolated; most prove to be superinducible, i.e. synthesize corrdinately the mandelate-specific catabolic enzymes at elevated levels following induction. In at least one case the PFMr mutation maps very near the structural genes that encode the enzymes functional in the first two steps of mandelate catabolism. It is reasoned that the PFMr mutation is of the promotor type. Resistance to substrate analogs such as PFM offers a general method for isolation of regulatory mutants in catabolic metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015936"}
{"pmid": "1015938", "title": "Characterization of a benzoate permease mutant of Pseudomonas putida.", "content": "Characterization of a benzoate permease mutant of Pseudomonas putida. A spontaneous mutant of Pseudomonas putida (PRS 2017) has been isolated which is incapable of growth on benzoate, does not induce the enzymes of the catechol branch of the beta-ketoadipate pathway when grown in the presence of benzoate, cannot accumulate radioactively labeled benzoate, yet grows well with mandelate as sole source of carbon and energy. This strain apparently lacks a benzoate permease, which in the wild type shows a Km of about 0.1 mM for benzoate, is inducible, and is not under the control of the regulatory system which governs the induction of the enzymes of the catechol branch of the beta-ketoadapate pathway. The lesion in PRS2017 is apparently single site and maps near other genes governing benzoate dissimilation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015938"}
{"pmid": "1015939", "title": "The uptake of 2-ketogluconate by Pseudomonas putida.", "content": "The uptake of 2-ketogluconate by Pseudomonas putida. The uptake of 2-ketogluconate is inducible in Pseudomonas putida: 2-ketogluconate, glucose, gluconate, glycerol and glycerate were each good nutritional inducers of this ability. 2-Ketogluconate uptake obeyed saturation kinetics (apparent Km in 2-ketogluconate-grown cells was 0.4 mM). 2-Ketogluconate was transported against a concentration gradient, apparently in an unchanged state, and the process required metabolic energy, all of which indicate an active transport system. A number of independently isolated mutants with deranged activity of a common glucose-gluconate uptake system were found to be also defective in 2-ketogluconate transport. Strains unable to transport 2-ketogluconate which grew readily on glucose and gluconate were also isolated. These results suggest that 2-ketogluconate transport is governed by at least two genetic elements: one which is also required to take up glucose and gluconate and another which appears to be specific for 2-ketogluconate transport. Similarly, glucose and gluconate transport appears to require at least one factor which is not necessary for 2-ketogluconate transport, as suggested by the lack of induction of the common glucose-gluconate uptake system by glycerol and glycerate, substrates which are good inducers of 2-ketogluconate uptake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015939"}
{"pmid": "1015940", "title": "The bacterial oxidation of nicotinic acid. N-formylmaleamic and N-formylfumaramic acids.", "content": "The bacterial oxidation of nicotinic acid. N-formylmaleamic and N-formylfumaramic acids. N-Formylmaleamic acid, a probable intermediate in the bacterial metabolism of nicotinic acid, has been synthesized by photoisomerization of its trans isomer, N-formylfumaramic acid. The compound previously reported to be N-formylmaleamic acid has been shown to be N-formylfumaramic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015940"}
{"pmid": "1015941", "title": "Fatty acid composition of selected prosthecate bacteria.", "content": "Fatty acid composition of selected prosthecate bacteria. The cellular fatty acid composition of 14 strains of Caulobacter speices and types, two species of Prosthecomicrobium, and two species of Asticcacaulis was determined by gas-liquid chromatography. In most of these bacteria, the major fatty acids were octadecenoic acid (C18:1), hexadecenoic acid (C16:1) and hexadecanoic acid (C16:0). Some cyclopropane and branched chain fatty acids were detected in addition to the straight chained acids. Hydroxytetradecanoic acid was an important component of P.enhydrum but significant amounts of hydroxy acids were not detected in other prosthecate bacteria examined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015941"}
{"pmid": "1015942", "title": "Bacterial carotenoids. L. Absolute configuration of zeaxanthin dirhamnoside.", "content": "Bacterial carotenoids. L. Absolute configuration of zeaxanthin dirhamnoside. Zeaxanthin dirhamnoside is the major carotenoid of Corynebacterium autotrophicum. The absolute configuration 3R,3'R followed from CD-properties of its hexaacetate, alpha-L-assignment and 1C4 conformation were concluded from 1H NMR data by comparison with model compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015942"}
{"pmid": "1015943", "title": "Enzymatic synthesis of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate in Zoogloea ramigera.", "content": "Enzymatic synthesis of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate in Zoogloea ramigera. The enzyme activity synthesizing poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) was mainly localized in the PHB-containing particulate fraction of Zoogloea ramigera I-16-M, when it grew flocculatedly in a medium supplemented with glucose. On the other hand, the enzyme activity remained in the soluble fraction when the bacterium grew dispersedly in a glucose-starved medium. The soluble PHB synthase activity became associated with the particulate fraction as PHB synthesis was initiated on the addition of glucose to the dispersed culture. Conversely, the enzyme activity was released from the PHB-containing granules to the soluble fraction when the flocculated culture was kept incubated without supplementing the medium with glucose. PHB synthase was also incorporated into the newly formed PHB fraction when partially purified soluble PHB synthase was incubated with D(-)-beta-hydroxybutyryl CoA in vitro. Although attempts to solubilize the particulate enzyme were unsuccessful, and the soluble enzyme became extremely unstable in advanced stages of purification, both PHB synthases had the same strict substrate specificity for D(-)-beta-hydroxybutyryl CoA, and showed the same pH optimum at 7.0.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015943"}
{"pmid": "1015945", "title": "On the mechanism of salt tolerance. Production of glycerol and heat during growth of Debaryomyces hansenii.", "content": "On the mechanism of salt tolerance. Production of glycerol and heat during growth of Debaryomyces hansenii. As glycerol was suggested as an osmotic agent in the salt tolerant Debaryomyces hansenii the concentrations of total, intracellular, and extracellular glycerol produced by this yeast was followed during growth in 4 mM, 0.68 M, and 2.7 M NaCl media. The total amount of glycerol was not directly proportional to biomass production but to the cultural salinity with maximum concentrations just prior to or at the beginning of the stationary phase. In all cultures the cells lost some glycerol to the media, at 2.7 M NaCl the extracellular glycerol even amounted maximally to 80% of the total. A distinct maximum of intracellular glycerol, related to dry weight or cell number, appeared during the log phase at all NaCl concentrations. As the intracellular calculated glycerol concentrations amounted to 0.2 M, 0.8 M, and 2.6 M in late log phase cells at 4mM, 0.68 M, and 2.7 M NaCl, respectively, whereas the corresponding analysed values for the glycerol concentrations of the media were 0.7 mM, 2.5 mM, and 3.0 mM, glycerol contributes to the osmotic balance of the cells. During the course of growth all cultures showed a decreasing heat production related to cell substance produced, most pronounced at 2.7 M NaCl. At 2.7 M NaCl the total heat production amounted to--1690 kJ per mole glucose consumed in contrast to--1200 and--1130 kJ at 4 mM and 0.68 M NaCl, respectively. The Ym-values were of an inverse order, being 129, 120, and 93 at 4 mM, 0.68 M, and 2.7 M NaCl respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015945"}
{"pmid": "1015944", "title": "Purification, some properties and quaternary structure of the D-ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase of Alcaligenes eutrophus.", "content": "Purification, some properties and quaternary structure of the D-ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase of Alcaligenes eutrophus. D-Ribulose 1,5-diphosphate carboxylase has been purified from autotrophically grown cells of the facultative chemolithotrophic hydrogen bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophus. The enzyme was homogeneous by the criteria of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the enzyme was 505000 determined by gel filtration and sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and a sedimentation coefficient of 18.2 S was obtained. It was demonstrated by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis that the enzyme consists of two types of subunits of molecular weight 52000 and 13000. Electron microscopy on the intact and the partially dissociated enzyme lead to the construction of a model for the quaternary structure of the enzyme which is composed of 8 large and 8 small subunits. The most probable symmetry of the enzyme molecule is 4:2:2. Michaelis constant (Km) values for ribulose 1,5-diphosphate, Mg2+, and CO2 were 0.59 mM, 0.33 mM, and 0.066 mM measured under air. Oxygen was a competitive inhibitor with respect to CO2 suggesting that the enzyme also exhibits an oxygenase activity. The oxygenolytic cleavage of ribulose 1,5-diphosphate was shown and a 1:1 stoichiometry between oxygen consumption and 3-phosphoglycerate formation observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015944"}
{"pmid": "1015946", "title": "Spirochaeta halophila sp. n., a facultative anaerobe from a high-salinity pond.", "content": "Spirochaeta halophila sp. n., a facultative anaerobe from a high-salinity pond. A facultatively anaerobic spirochete isolated from a high-salinity pond grew optimally when 0.75 M NaCl, 0.2 M MgSO4, and 0.01 M CaCl2 were present in media containing yeast extract, peptone, and a carbohydrate. The organism failed to grow when any one of these three salts was omitted from the medium. Aerobically-grown colonies of the spirochete were red, whereas anaerobically-grown colonies showed no pigmentation. Non-pigmented mutants of the spirochete were isolated. The spirochete used carbohydrates, but not amino acids, as energy sources. Glucose was fermented to CO2, H2, ethanol, acetate, and a small amount of lactate. Determinations of radioactivity in products formed from glucose-1-14C and enzymatic assays indicated that glucose was dissimilated to pyruvate mainly via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway. Pyruvate was metabolized through a clostridial-type clastic reaction. Cells growing aerobically performed an incomplete oxidation of glucose mainly to CO2 and acetate. Comparison of aerobic and anaerobic growth yields indicated that oxidative phosphorylation occurred in cells growing aerobically. The guanine + cytosine content of the DNA of the spirochete was 62 moles %. It is proposed that the spirochete described herein be considered a new species and that it be named Spirochaeta halophila.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015946"}
{"pmid": "1015948", "title": "Growth and pigment production by Arthrobacter pyridinolis n. sp.", "content": "Growth and pigment production by Arthrobacter pyridinolis n. sp. A new bacterium capable of growing on 2-hydroxypyridine as sole source of carbon and nitrogen was isolated from soil. During its growth on solid medium, approximately 50% of this substrate was converted to a brilliant blue crystalline pigment which was deposited extracellularly in the colony mass. The pigment was identical to that produced by Arthrobacter crystallopoietes during its growth on 2-hydroxypyridine. The new isolate exhibited the typical cycle of morphogenesis characteristic of the genus Arthrobacter. The organism is different from all other reported species of Arthrobacter. It is proposed that the organism be named Arthorbacter pyridinolis n. sp.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015948"}
{"pmid": "1015947", "title": "Hyphal tip growth in Phytophthora. Gradient distribution and ultrahistochemistry of enzymes.", "content": "Hyphal tip growth in Phytophthora. Gradient distribution and ultrahistochemistry of enzymes. Germinating cysts and isolated walls from germinating cysts incorporated 14C-UDPG into wall material of which 22.5 and 15% respectively were insoluble in boiling 1 N HCl, indicating that part of the synthetase activity is located in the wall itself. A combination of Urografin and Ficoll density gradients was used to separate various intracellular fractions. A consistent separation of beta-glucanase and UDPG-transferase enriched fractions was achieved. The beta-glucanase fraction contained dictyosome vesicles and fragments along with some plasma membranes. The UDPG-transferase fraction was relatively rich in membranes resembling rough and smooth ER. The results suggest the two enzymes are transported to the wall by different intracellular routes, and two types of vesicle may be involved. Alkaline phosphatase, beta-glucosidase and acid phosphatase were found extracellularly and their distribution in density gradients determined. The results of histochemical staining for acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and polysaccharide are described and compared with the biochemical data. beta-1,3-glucanase, found intra- and extracellularly, induced distorted growth of germ tubes and also removed most of the apical wall when added to the incubation medium. None of these responses were observed with cellulase. Determinations of the osmotic pressure of germinating cysts and incubation medium revealed that the turgor of germinating cysts amounts to about 1.8 at under the conditions used.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015947"}
{"pmid": "1015949", "title": "Photorespiration in diatoms. IV. Two pathways of glycolate metabolism in synchronized cultures of Cylindrotheca fusiformis.", "content": "Photorespiration in diatoms. IV. Two pathways of glycolate metabolism in synchronized cultures of Cylindrotheca fusiformis. Cylindrotheca fusiformis is shown to be able to convert glycolate to glycerate via tartronic semialdehyde as well as by the better known route involving transamination to glycine. Enzymes related to photorespiration were compared in light-dark synchronized cultures of C. fusiformis kept in continuous light in a complete synthetic seawater medium or starved for nitrogen or silicon. Glycolate oxidation remained constant throughout the cell cycle and was unaffected by starvation. Transamination of glyoxylate was stimulated by light, inhibited during nitrogen starvation, and dramatically stimulated by reintroduction of nitrate to the medium. Glyoxylate carboligase was also stimulated by light and inhibited during nitrogen-starvation but only partially recovered activity after reintroduction of nitrate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015949"}
{"pmid": "1015951", "title": "Chemical and biochemical studies for the differentiation of coagulase-positive staphylococci.", "content": "Chemical and biochemical studies for the differentiation of coagulase-positive staphylococci. The cell wall composition, the configuration of lactic acid produced from glucose under anaerobic conditions, the occurrence of fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) activated L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH), and the esterase pattern were determined from more than 80 strains of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from man and animal. Strains isolated from man, swine, bovines and hares form a rather homogeneous group. They exhibit a similar cell wall composition, produce predominantly D,L-lactate and have a characteristic and simple esterase pattern. Coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from dogs, horses, minks and pigeons are quite distinct from typical Staphylococcus aureus strains. They exhibit a different cell wall composition, produce only L-lactate, possess an L-LDH which is specifically activated by FDP, and have a quite complex esterase pattern.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015951"}
{"pmid": "1015954", "title": "Regulation of amino acid transport in growing cells of Streptomyces hydrogenans. II. Correlation between transport capacity and growth rate in chemostat cultures.", "content": "Regulation of amino acid transport in growing cells of Streptomyces hydrogenans. II. Correlation between transport capacity and growth rate in chemostat cultures. The uptake of various amino acids into Streptomyces hydrogenans grown in chemostatically and turbidostatically controlled steady state cultures has been investigated. A close correlation between transport capacity and the growth rates of the cells was found. As shown by kinetic analysis, the increased transport is due to elevated maximum uptake rates, the apparent Michaelis constants remaining unchanged. Analysis of the unidirectional fluxes of cycloleucine revealed that not only the influx is raised as the growth rate is increased but also the efflux. Hence, the conclusion is drawn that the growth-rate dependent modulation of transport capacity is, at least, partially due to the variation of the concentration of active transport components. Since the cells were grown in the absence of external amino acids the results suggest that amino acid transport into S. hydrogenans is under control of endogenous effectors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015954"}
{"pmid": "1015953", "title": "The role of energy-spilling reactions in the growth of Klebsiella aerogenes NCTC 418 in aerobic chemostat culture.", "content": "The role of energy-spilling reactions in the growth of Klebsiella aerogenes NCTC 418 in aerobic chemostat culture. When cell-saturating amounts of glucose and phosphate were added to steady state cultures of Klebsiella aerogenes that were, respectively, glucose- and phosphate-limited, the organisms responded immediately with an increased oxygen consumption rate. This suggested that in neither case was glucose transport the rate-limiting process, and also that organisms must possess effective mechanisms for spilling the excess energy initially generated when a growth-limitation is temporarily relieved. Steady state cultures of mannitol- or glucose-limited organisms also seemingly generated energy at a greater rate than was required for cell synthesis since gluconate-limited cultures consumed oxygen at a lower rate, at each corresponding growth rate, than did mannitol- or glucose-limited cultures, and therefore expressed a higher YO value. Thus, mannitol- and glucose-limitations must be essentially carbon (and not energy) limitations. The excess energy generated by glucose metabolism is one component of \"maintenance\" and could be used at lower growth rates to maintain an increased solute gradient across the cell membrane, imposed by the addition of 2%, w/v, NaCl to the growth environment. The maintenance rates of oxygen consumption of K. aerogenes also could be caused to increase by adding glucose discontinuously (drop-wise) to a glucose-limited chemostat culture, or by exchanging nitrate for ammonia as the sole utilizable nitrogen source. The significance of these findings to an assessment of the physiological factors circumscribing energy-spilling reactions in aerobic cultures of K. aerogenes is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015953"}
{"pmid": "1015955", "title": "Induction of D-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase in resting cells of Arthrobacter oxidans.", "content": "Induction of D-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase in resting cells of Arthrobacter oxidans. Resting cell suspensions of Arthrobacter oxidans were shown to synthesize the inducible enantiozyme, D-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase, in the presence of D-nicotine or D-6-hydroxynicotine. The corresponding L-enantiomers, as well as gamma-methylaminopropyl-(6-OH-pyridyl-3)-ketone, which is the product of the reaction catalyzed by the enzyme, were ineffective as inducers. L-6-Hydroxynicotine inhibited induction by D-nicotine and D-6-hydroxynicotine while L-nicotine inhibited induction by D-6-hydroxynicotine and had no effect on induction by D-nicotine. Enzyme induction was also found to be inhibited by glucose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose and by several intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. An absolute requirement for protein synthesis and for oxygen was also demonstrated to be necessary for the reactions involved in the covalent attachment of flavin adenine dinucleotide to pre-existing precursor protein to yield the catalytically active D-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015955"}
{"pmid": "1015956", "title": "Growth of Hansenula polymorpha in a methanol-limited chemostat. Physiological responses due to the involvement of methanol oxidase as a key enzyme in methanol metabolism.", "content": "Growth of Hansenula polymorpha in a methanol-limited chemostat. Physiological responses due to the involvement of methanol oxidase as a key enzyme in methanol metabolism. Hansenula polymorpha has been grown in a methanol-limited continuous culture at a variety of dilution rates. Cell suspensions of the yeast grown at a dilution rate of 0.16 h-1 showed a maximal capacity to oxidize excess methanol (QmaxO2) which was 1.6 times higher than the rate required to sustain the growth rate (QO2). When the dilution rate was decreased to 0.03 h-1, QmaxO2 of cells increased to a value of more than 20 times that of QO2. The enzymatic basis for this tremendous overcapacity for the oxidation of excess methanol at low growth rates was found to be the methanol oxidase content of the cells. The level of this enzyme increased from 7% to approximately 20% of the soluble protein when the growth rate was decreased from 0.16 to 0.03 h-1. These results were explained on the basis of the poor affinity of methanol oxidase for its substrates. Methanol oxidase purified from Hansenula polymorpha showed an apparent Km for methanol of 1.3 mM in air saturated reaction mixtures and the apparent Km of the enzyme for oxygen was 0.4 mM at a methanol concentration of 100 mM. The involvement of an oxygen dependent methanol oxidase in the dissimilation of methanol in Hansenula polymprpha was also reflected in the growth yield of the organism. The maximal yield of the yeast was found to be low (0.38 g cells/g methanol). This was not due to a very high maintenance energy requirement which was estimated to be 17 mg methanol/g cells X h.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015956"}
{"pmid": "1015957", "title": "The characterization of the rumen bacterium Eadie's oval, Magnoovum gen. nov. eadii sp. nov.", "content": "The characterization of the rumen bacterium Eadie's oval, Magnoovum gen. nov. eadii sp. nov. The rumen bacterium Eadie's Oval was examined by means of cell wall analysis and biochemical tests with a view to determine its taxonomic position. The purified cell walls contained components consistent with the organism being a Gram-negative bacterium, and despite its large size no abnormal cell wall constituents were found. The biochemical tests indicate that Eadie's Oval is not a member of a previously described family. The name Magnoovum gen. nov. eadii sp. nov. is proposed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015957"}
{"pmid": "1015959", "title": "Acetate metabolism in Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa and several other Rhodospirillaceae.", "content": "Acetate metabolism in Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa and several other Rhodospirillaceae. When Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa was grown on acetate aerobically in the dark both enzymes of the glyoxylate bypass, isocitrate lyase and malate synthase, could be detected. However, under anaerobic conditions in the light only isocitrate lyase, but not malate synthase, could be found. The reactions, which bypass the malate synthase reaction are those catalyzed by alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase and the enzymes of the serine pathway. Other Rhodospirillaceae were tested for isocitrate lyase and malate synthase activity after growth with acetate; they could be divided into three groups: 1. organisms possessing both enzymes; 2. organisms containing malate synthase only; 3. R. gelatinosa containing only isocitrate lyase when grown anaerobically in the light.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015959"}
{"pmid": "1015960", "title": "Macromolecular synthesis and cell division during morphogenesis of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes.", "content": "Macromolecular synthesis and cell division during morphogenesis of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes. The sphere-rod-sphere morphology cycle of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes was accompanied by changes in the rate of growth and the rates of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. The patterns of macromolecule synthesis resembled those found in other bacteria during a step-up followed by a step-down in growth rate. During the step-up in growth spherical cells grew into rods and macromolecules were synthesized in the absence of cell division. During step-down, successive rounds of septation produced progressively smaller cells which did not separate and remained in chains. The morphology of the cells was dependent on the growth rate and could be altered by changing the dilution rate in the malate-limited chemostat. Gradual transitions in morphology and gradual increases in macromolecule content of the cells occurred as the growth rate was increased in the chemostat. Sphere to rod morphogenesis occurred when DNA synthesis was inhibited by treatment with mitomycin C or by thymine starvation. The DNA-deficient rods did not divide and eventually lysed. DNA, RNA and protein synthesis were continuously required for the reductive division of rods to spheres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015960"}
{"pmid": "1015962", "title": "Surface coat transformation and capsule formation by Leuconostoc mesenteroides NCDO 523 in the presence of sucrose.", "content": "Surface coat transformation and capsule formation by Leuconostoc mesenteroides NCDO 523 in the presence of sucrose. When Leuconostoc mesenteroides NCDO 523 was grown in MRS browth, electron microscopy of cells fixed in the presence of ruthenium red showed that the cell wall was covered with a thin layer of filamentous material. When MRS-grown cells were resuspended in the same medium supplemented with 3.6% sucrose, this surface coat doubled in thickness and a number of radial thickenings appeared within it. After 3 h, the filamentous component of the surface coat had disappeared leaving only the radial projections. The progressive accumulation of polymer to produce a capsule visible by light microscopy was observed in only about 20% of the population. In this minority of cells, a dense globular dextran composed of fibrillar and particulate elements was always produced in the initial stages of synthesis. After 18 h, the dextran capsule was generally composed of an inner globular and outer fibrillar layer. It appeared that the outer layer was derived from the globular dextran of the capsule by a process of dispersion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015962"}
{"pmid": "1015961", "title": "S-formylgluthathione: the substrate for formate dehydrogenase in methanol-utilizing yeasts.", "content": "S-formylgluthathione: the substrate for formate dehydrogenase in methanol-utilizing yeasts. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase and formate dehydrogenase were purified 45- and 16-fold, respectively, from Hansenula polymorpha grown on methanol. Formaldehyde dehydrogenase was strictly dependent on NAD and glutathione for activity. The Km values of the enzyme were found to be 0.18 mM for glutathione, 0.21 mM for formaldehyde and 0.15 mM for NAD. The enzyme catalyzed the glutathione-dependent oxidation of formaldehyde to S-formylglutathione. The reaction was shown to be reversible: at pH 8.0 a Km of 1 mM for S-formylglutathione was estimated for the reduction of the thiol ester with NADH. The enzyme did not catalyze the reduction of formate with NADH. The NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase of H. polymorpha showed a low affinity for formate (Km of 40 mM) but a relatively high affinity for S-formylglutathione (Km of 1.1 mM). The Km values of formate dehydrogenase in cell-free extracts of methanol-grown Candida biodinii and Pichia pinus for S-formylglutathione were also an order of magnitude lower than those for formate. It is concluded that S-formylglutathione rather than free formate is an intermediate in the oxidation of methanol by yeasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015961"}
{"pmid": "1015985", "title": "Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of the human ceruminous apocrine gland. I. Secretory glandular cells.", "content": "Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of the human ceruminous apocrine gland. I. Secretory glandular cells. The secretory portion of the apocrine sweat gland of the human external auditory meatus which is also called the ceruminous gland was observed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The secretory glandular cells contain a well developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. Cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum are often closely applied to large round mitochondria. These large mitochondria have no relationship to the secretory granules. Near the concave surface of the Golgi lamellae several tubules can be found. In these golgi-associated tubules a dark substance may accumulate to form specific large dense granules. Many less dense droplets or vacuoles may appear in these dark prosecretory granules and become liberated from their surface. Vacuoles formed in this manner then migrate to the apical cell surface and often discharge their contents into the gland lumen by the mechanism of exocytosis. Also, some of these vacuoles may be released into the lumen by the pinching off of small protrusions of cytoplasm, that is, they are released by the so-called apocrine secretory mechanism. Acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated not only in the dark prosecretory granules but also in clear vacuoles situated at the apical end of the cell and in the gland lumen. Such a histochemical finding may indicate that the secretory substance of the apocrine sweat gland may contain hydrolytic enzymes derived from lysosomes, which are the prosecretory granules of this gland, and these enzymes may play a role in dissolution and break down of the material extruded into the lumen by apocrine secretion. Apocrine secretory process of various sizes were observed on the luminal surface with the scanning electron microscope.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015985"}
{"pmid": "1015986", "title": "Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of the human ceruminous apocrine gland. II. Myoepithelial cells.", "content": "Transmission and scanning electron microscopy of the human ceruminous apocrine gland. II. Myoepithelial cells. The myoepithelial cells of the human ceruminous apocrine gland were observed with transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The myoepithelial cells are long fibrous cells about 100-150 mum in length and 3-5 mum in width. They are arranged in parallel with each other, and their long axes are parallel to that of the secretory tubule itself. The tips of cells are often sharply pointed and their lateral tapering surface may be contiguous with adjacent cells forming a side-by-side contact, while other cells may have a blunt tip which is conjuncted with a similar tip of the next cell forming an end-to-end junction. The myoepithelial cells are joined to each other by desmosomes and there are also desmosomes at their junction with secretory cells. The outer surface of the cell abutting on the basal lamina has some exaggerated densities which are undoubtedly identical to the hemidesmosomes of epidermal cells. There are well developed foldings in the plasma membrane of the secretory cells, but the surface of the myoepithelial cells has very few foldings and projections. The relative shortage of intercellular attachment devices between the secretory and myeopithelial cells makes it easy to peel off the secretory cells to disclose the myoepithelium, a useful feature of scanning electron microscopy. The nucleus-containing part of the cell protrudes slightly upward and invades the secretory epithelium. The cytoplasmic rim surrounding the nucleus contains a small Golgi apparatus and some other organelles. The cytoplasm of the basal half of the cell contains closely packed myofilaments running parallel to the long axis of the cell. There is no definite arrangement of thin and thick myofilaments. Microtubules which often occur in pairs are arranged parallel to the myofilaments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015986"}
{"pmid": "1015987", "title": "An electron microscopic study on the innervation in the taste buds of the mouse circumvallate papillae.", "content": "An electron microscopic study on the innervation in the taste buds of the mouse circumvallate papillae. Taste buds of the mouse circumvallate papillae were studied by electron microscopy to elucidate the innervation involving the adrenergic nerve supply. Typical afferent synaptic contacts, with increased density of the membranes and aggregations of synaptic vesicles in the cytoplasm adjacent to the nerve endings, were demonstrated between the type III cells and the nerve endings. Along the regions of contact between the type II cells and the nerve endings, cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum were often seen beneath the cell membrane, and the nerve endings contained relatively many synaptic-sized vesicles. Such an innervation seems to be efferent in nature. For the detection of the adrenergic nerve supply, 5-hydroxydopamine (5-OH-DA) was injected after pretreatment with L-DOPA and nialamide. The mice showed numerous adrenergic nerve fibers in the connective tissue underlying the taste buds. On very few occasions, the adrenergic nerves penetrated the basal lamina of the taste buds and came into contact with the bud cells. Some adrenergic nerves were distributed among the epithelial cells around the taste buds. The reaction product from acetylcholine esterase activity was found around the adrenergic nerve fibers labeled with 5-OH-DA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015987"}
{"pmid": "1015988", "title": "Microcirculation of the rat small intestine as studied by the injection replica scanning electron microscope method.", "content": "Microcirculation of the rat small intestine as studied by the injection replica scanning electron microscope method. Mucosal blood supply in the rat small intestine was studied by the injection replica scanning electron microscope method. The blood vascular plexus in the villus is originated at the tip of the villus and confluenced near the base of the villus. This supports the classical \"fountain pattern\" of MALL in the villous microcirculation. The capillary plexus in the crypt is derived at the base of the crypt and converged near the base of the crypt. The capillary plexuses in the villus and the crypt communicate with each other. It is considered that the basal segment of the villus, where the arterial termination is lacking, is supplied by the cryptal capillaries via this communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015988"}
{"pmid": "1015989", "title": "Scanning electron microscopic study on the saccus vasculosus of the rainbow trout.", "content": "Scanning electron microscopic study on the saccus vasculosus of the rainbow trout. Both free and cracked surfaces of the saccus vasculosus in adult rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) have been investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The saccus vasculosus is the rich-folded epithelium composed of highly specialized coronet cells, supporting cells, and presumable liquor-contact neurons. The coronet cells are characterized by both numerous specialized cilia, so-called \"globules\" projecting into the saccus lumen and abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm. By the appearance of these globules, coronet cells are roughly divided into two types: botryoidal coronet cells and flower-like. The former is supplied with grape-shaped globules, whose density is 60-80 pieces a cell. The latter contains club- or petal-shaped globules, which number 50-60 pieces a cell. The functional significance of these globules is additionally discussed. The free surface of the supporting cells is relatively smooth, and short microvilli lie scattered on the surface. The cells called liquor-contact neurons (the third type) possess a head-like protrusion where long solitary cilia can be recognized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015989"}
{"pmid": "1015990", "title": "Changes in glucoamylase activity under the influence of drugs affecting the adrenergic receptors in myocardium and skeletal muscle.", "content": "Changes in glucoamylase activity under the influence of drugs affecting the adrenergic receptors in myocardium and skeletal muscle. The activity of neutral glucoamylase and alpha-amylase were determined in the myocardium and skeletal muscle after in vivo pharmacologic stimulation of adrenergic receptors. The activity changes of these enzymes were found to not always occur parallelly. The activity of both these enzymes is decreased under beta-agonistic influence of isoprenaline, adrenaline, as well as under the influence of acetylcholine. On the other hand, alpha-agonistic function of phenylephrine mainly results in the increase of neutral glucoamylase activity. Similar effects are obtained by suprarenal ligation. The above pharmacological effects did not appear when the said pharmacologic drugs were added to incubated muscle extracts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015990"}
{"pmid": "1015991", "title": "Synthesis and pharmacologic properties of pyridoyl derivatives of 3-methylaminoindole 2-methyltryptamine and isotryptamine.", "content": "Synthesis and pharmacologic properties of pyridoyl derivatives of 3-methylaminoindole 2-methyltryptamine and isotryptamine. Six new pyridoyl derivatives of 3-methylaminoindole, 2-methyltryptamine and isotryptamine were synthesized by condensation with chlorides of nicotinic and isonicotinic acids. The central action of these compounds seems to depress the central nervous system, as they reduce spontaneous motility (I, II, IV, V, VI) and amphetamine hypermotility (II, IV, V), prolong hexobarbital sleeping time (II, IV, V, VI), display analgesic action in the \"writhing test\" (all compounds) and in the \"hot plate test\" (IV, V). The compounds do not change body temperature and display no anticonvulsant action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015991"}
{"pmid": "1015992", "title": "Search for new aminoguanidine derivatives with immunosuppressive and cytostatic properties. II. Synthesis of cyclic derivatives of amino-, nitroamino-, and diaminoguanidine.", "content": "Search for new aminoguanidine derivatives with immunosuppressive and cytostatic properties. II. Synthesis of cyclic derivatives of amino-, nitroamino-, and diaminoguanidine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015992"}
{"pmid": "1015993", "title": "Potential acetylcholinesterase reactivators: oxime and amidoxime derivatives.", "content": "Potential acetylcholinesterase reactivators: oxime and amidoxime derivatives. Out of 12 oximes and amidoximes (3 of which were new to the literature) the following showed a distinct antilethal effect in DFP poisoning: RA14 (1-methylbenzimidazole-2-aldoxime methiodide), RA14 (pyridine-4-aldoxime dodecyl bromide), and RA24 (pyridine-2-aldoxime dodecyl bromide). These compounds also reactivated acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in vitro, but had no effect on this enzyme in vivo. Moreover, addition of the dodecyl chain to pyridinealdoxtimes, or in a less degree replacement of the pyridine ring with benzimidazole in aldoximes, distinctly increased acute toxicity and lipophilicity when compared with the parent pyridine compounds, along with protective action in DFP poisoning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015993"}
{"pmid": "1015994", "title": "Evaluation of the influence of epoxide resins and their hardeners on the female body. II. Biochemical studies.", "content": "Evaluation of the influence of epoxide resins and their hardeners on the female body. II. Biochemical studies. In women employed in an industrial plant in direct contact with epoxide resins and their hardeners, the following biochemical parameters were determined in blood: total protein, seromucoid, haptoglobin, hemoglobin variants, methemoglobin, alpha1-inhibitor of trypsin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases, alkaline and acid phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, leucylaminopeptidase, and alanine aminopeptidase. Depending on duration of work, Hb A2 fraction and lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly, and aspartate aminotransferase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities decreased. In pregnant women, leucylaminopeptidase activity and isozyme of placental alkaline phosphatase were decreased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015994"}
{"pmid": "1015995", "title": "Hydroproteolytic activity of the pancreas after single or fractionated x-ray irradiation of rats.", "content": "Hydroproteolytic activity of the pancreas after single or fractionated x-ray irradiation of rats. The enzymic activity of lipase, lysosomal markers (beta-glucuronidase and acid phosphatase) and cathepsin was checked in the pancreatic subcellular fraction of control and whole-body X-irradiated rats. Incubation of granules (zymogen and mitochondrial fraction) under hypoosmotic conditions resulted in greater activity of lipase and cathepsin in the irradiated than in the control group. However, formation of different pattern of enzymatic activity was found (both in the sediments and in the supernatant) in single and fractionated irradiated pancreas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1015995"}
{"pmid": "1016011", "title": "Flashbacks: a personal follow-up.", "content": "Flashbacks: a personal follow-up. During the period 1971-1973, it was found that 53 out of 91 young drug abusers in a psychiatric hospital had experienced flashbacks. This applied to as many as 50 out of the 65 patients who had used LSD, but also to abusers of organic solvents and cannabis. As many as 38% of the patients were found to be severely incapacitated by their flashbacks. On a personal follow-up 1 1/2-4 years after the first therapeutic contact, 35 patients were still troubled by flashbacks. On the whole reactions were less intense than at the time of the first contact. No relation between the flashbacks and protracted psychotic development could be established. The overall clinical and social course was worse for patients with flashbacks than for the rest of the population. Patients still bothered by flashbacks used drugs and alcohol as sedatives to a greater extent than the rest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016011"}
{"pmid": "1016012", "title": "Restricted associations of aphasics and schizophrenics.", "content": "Restricted associations of aphasics and schizophrenics. Matched groups (N = 25) of fluent and nonfluent aphasics, brain-damaged and normal controls as well as schizophrenics were requested to name (1) as many animals and (2) as many things that are typically yellow as possible within 5 min. The main results of Gloning & Müller (1972) as to smaller numbers of correct responses, higher percentages of repetitions, shorter association clusters, and higher popularity in aphasics could be replicated for animal task. Comparing the data from both tasks for fluent and nonfluent aphasics with the various control groups led to considerable doubts as to what extent these results follow directly from quantitative differences in verbal output or have to be interpreted as qualitative differences in memory storage, retrieval, and self-editing processes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016012"}
{"pmid": "1016017", "title": "Effects of selective sleep deprivation on sleep-linked prolactin and growth hormone secretion.", "content": "Effects of selective sleep deprivation on sleep-linked prolactin and growth hormone secretion. 1. The secretion of prolactin and growth-hormone (hGH) was investigated during sleep in 10 healthy volunteers (8 males and 2 females): The comparison of one baseline night, one night after daytime physical exercise, and one night with selective deprivation of sleep stages 3 and 4 and paradoxical sleep showed clear differences of prolactin and hGH secretion during sleep. 2. Prolactin secretion is entrained into the sleep cycle of Non-REM and REM periods. A maximum of plasma hormone elevations occurs during the first quarter of sleep cycles, i.e., during Non-REM periods and less frequent rises at the end of the cycles, mainly during REM periods. 3. In contrast to growth hormone, concentrations of prolactin remain high also during later cycles occurring toward morning. This shows that high prolactin, but not high concentrations of hGH, regularly occur during sleep cycles with small amounts of slow-wave sleep. 4. Maximal prolactin concentrations during sleep are affected neither by preceding daytime physical exercise nor by selective deprivation of slow sleep stages 3 and 4. This is further evidence that slow-wave sleep stages are not necessary for the development of high plasma prolactin concentrations. However, peak values of growth hormone in the first and second cycle are significantly diminished after selective deprivation of sleep stages 3 and 4. 5. In abnormally long sleep cycles with artificial delay of the first REM period, the cyclical rhythmicity of prolactin release seems disturbed. This is further evidence for the sleep-dependent rhythmicity in the secretion of this hormone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016017"}
{"pmid": "1016020", "title": "Season of birth and Schneider-oriented diagnosis of schizophrenia, \"neurosis\" and psychopathy.", "content": "Season of birth and Schneider-oriented diagnosis of schizophrenia, \"neurosis\" and psychopathy. Most earlier studies and all studies on national samples in Scandinavia and in England and Wales have shown that schizophrenics have a significant excess of births in the early months of the year when compared with the expected distribution of the normal population. The present German study, carried out on schizophrenic patients diagnosed in a strongly Kurt Schneider--oriented clinic, in contrast to almost all other authors, demonstrated no such significant overrepresentation of births in the winter months. Thus, the findings of Danneel's (1973) German report, also utilizing Schneider-diagnosed schizophrenics, seem, at least for the present, to be confirmed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016020"}
{"pmid": "1016067", "title": "The fate of pesticides in aquatic environment. II. Hydrolysis of dichlorvos in a model system and in river water.", "content": "The fate of pesticides in aquatic environment. II. Hydrolysis of dichlorvos in a model system and in river water.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016067"}
{"pmid": "1016065", "title": "Study of the lymphocyte in vitro response to rubella antigen and phytohemagglutinin by a whole blood method.", "content": "Study of the lymphocyte in vitro response to rubella antigen and phytohemagglutinin by a whole blood method. A whole blood culture method was used to study lymphocyte in vitro responses to rubella antigen and to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in rubella infection. The acute phase of infection in four cases was characterized by high spontaneous incorporation of 14C-thymidine in the cultures, unresponsiveness of lymphocytes to rubella antigen, and absence of response, or relatively low response, to PHA. Cells showing vigorous in vitro response to rubella antigen appeared at about two weeks after the onset of rash. Lymphocyte PHA response returned to normal by day 31. Three rubella vaccinees exhibited a similar response. The use of whole blood lymphocyte cultures stimulated with multiple doses of mitogen and with antigen appears to be a promising technique for studies of \"general\" and \"specific\" cell-mediated immunity in viral infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016065"}
{"pmid": "1016072", "title": "Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis associated with jejunoileo bypass. A case report.", "content": "Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis associated with jejunoileo bypass. A case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016072"}
{"pmid": "1016073", "title": "Nuclear medicine.", "content": "Nuclear medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016073"}
{"pmid": "1016074", "title": "Radiology case of the month. Case no. 17.", "content": "Radiology case of the month. Case no. 17.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016074"}
{"pmid": "1016075", "title": "The Arizona Maternal Mortality Committee.", "content": "The Arizona Maternal Mortality Committee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016075"}
{"pmid": "1016076", "title": "Hairy women or hirsute patient?", "content": "Hairy women or hirsute patient?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016076"}
{"pmid": "1016077", "title": "Pemphigus -- a review.", "content": "Pemphigus -- a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016077"}
{"pmid": "1016101", "title": "Fourteen year cardiological follow-up of patients with high and low levels of low density lipoproteins. I. The value of low density lipoprotein determination in serum as a reliable prognostic index of future myocardial infarction.", "content": "Fourteen year cardiological follow-up of patients with high and low levels of low density lipoproteins. I. The value of low density lipoprotein determination in serum as a reliable prognostic index of future myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016101"}
{"pmid": "1016106", "title": "Double-outled right ventricle concept and classification.", "content": "Double-outled right ventricle concept and classification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016106"}
{"pmid": "1016111", "title": "Presentation and detection of chronic renal disease in children and adults.", "content": "Presentation and detection of chronic renal disease in children and adults. Chronic renal failure develops slowly and insidiously in most patients. Prevention depends on the early detection and full assessment of the patient at risk. Indications for investigation in children and adults with glomerulonephritis and urinary infection are outlined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016111"}
{"pmid": "1016110", "title": "Osteoporosis--some thoughts by a non-physician.", "content": "Osteoporosis--some thoughts by a non-physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016110"}
{"pmid": "1016112", "title": "Investigation of urinary infection in childhood.", "content": "Investigation of urinary infection in childhood. The first proven urinary infection in both girls and boys should be investigated with an IVP and micturating cystourethrogram. If both investigations are normal, recurrent infections will not produce renal scars. Renal scars will develop in 10 per cent of children with reflux, unless renal infections are prevented by appropriate drug or surgical treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016112"}
{"pmid": "1016113", "title": "SI units in clinical pathology.", "content": "SI units in clinical pathology. By now, most doctors in Australia will have had some experience with the new SI units which are being used for pathology test results, especially chemical pathology. While the usage of SI units has spread rapidly through public hospitals in Australia, spread in the non-hospital sector has been slower. However, the change will occur, and so the following is presented to assist general practitioners to understand the reasons for the change, and to interpret results expressed in the new system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016113"}
{"pmid": "1016114", "title": "Geriatric nursing care--a philosophy.", "content": "Geriatric nursing care--a philosophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016114"}
{"pmid": "1016116", "title": "Problems in practice--head injury.", "content": "Problems in practice--head injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016116"}
{"pmid": "1016115", "title": "Survey of general practice--1971.", "content": "Survey of general practice--1971. In this survey an attempt has been made to document a profile of certain aspects of the work carried out by a general practitioner in Australia. This includes the type of practice, and especially the range and frequency of the procedures he carries out. It is realised that, as this survey was conducted in 1971, some of the facts may have become dated. However, a proportion of the information given is unobtainable elsewhere, and it is believed that through publishing the survey, interested readers may be prompted to seek additional information from the author.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016115"}
{"pmid": "1016117", "title": "Extending the role of the nurse into family practice.", "content": "Extending the role of the nurse into family practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016117"}
{"pmid": "1016118", "title": "Country doctors in Western Australia.", "content": "Country doctors in Western Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016118"}
{"pmid": "1016119", "title": "Effects of the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medullary hormones on dog hind limb blood flow after haemorrhage.", "content": "Effects of the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medullary hormones on dog hind limb blood flow after haemorrhage. The contributions of the sympathetic nervous system and the adrenal medullary catecholamines to the response of dog hind limb resistance vessels to haemorrhage were examined. Anaesthetized dogs were bled either 30% or 45% of blood volume. There was little difference between the vascular conductance response in untreated hind limbs and sympathectomized limbs. Conductance in limbs that had been both sympathectomized and alpha-adrenergically blocked with phenoxybenzamine was markedly above that of untreated limbs. Blood flow in both the untreated limbs and the sympathectomized limbs was closely similar to that predicted from the pressure-flow curve for the hind limbs obtained in non-bled dogs. Flow was higher than predicted in the limbs with combined sympathectomy and alpha-adrenergic blockade. It is concluded that the sympathetic nervous system exerted little vasoconstrictive influence after haemorrhage, but that circulatory catecholamines exerted a strong vasoconstrictive influence that was opposed in the normal limbs by an almost equally powerful vasodilatory force of undetermined origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016119"}
{"pmid": "1016120", "title": "Release of gastrin by vagal stimulation in the acid secretory response to food.", "content": "Release of gastrin by vagal stimulation in the acid secretory response to food. Gastric pouches were constructed in 8 dogs; in 4 they were of denervated type and in 4 the innervation was intact. An oesophageal fistula was then prepared in each dog. The acid secretory response to oral, tube and sham feeding was determined before and after denervation of the pyloric antrum. The results support the view that vagal release of gastrin makes a relatively small contribution to the total acid secretory response to food.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016120"}
{"pmid": "1016121", "title": "The origin of immunoglobulins in salivary secretion of sheep.", "content": "The origin of immunoglobulins in salivary secretion of sheep. A comparative study was made on the secretion of IgG1 and IgA into parotid and submaxillary saliva of sheep. The purpose of the study was to examine the suggestion that in the external secretory organs of ruminants there is an inverse relationship between the capacity to selectively transfer IgG1 and the development of the IgA secretory system. Despite a marked difference in the secretion of IgA between the parotid and submaxillary salivary glands, the magnitude of selective transfer of IgG1 was similar. Thus, there appears to be no relationship between the selective transfer of IgG1 and the secretion of IgA into the saliva of sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016121"}
{"pmid": "1016123", "title": "An evaluation of selective broths based on the bi-selenite ion and on hypertonic strontium chloride in Salmonellae detection in egg products.", "content": "An evaluation of selective broths based on the bi-selenite ion and on hypertonic strontium chloride in Salmonellae detection in egg products. Of the 104 isolations of Salmonella sp. from egg pulp, 97 were obtained from strontium chloride M broth, 42 from strontium selenite broth and 57 from strontium selenite A broth. The results suggest that the first medium may be used more successfully than bi-selenite based media for enrichment and subsequent detection of salmonellae in egg products; however, the growth of S. pullorum was not satisfactory in strontium chloride M broth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016123"}
{"pmid": "1016122", "title": "Relationship between vasoconstriction and histamine induced vasodilation.", "content": "Relationship between vasoconstriction and histamine induced vasodilation. Histamine produced significantly greater vasodilation in rabbit ear arteries constricted by noradrenaline than when the same arteries were constricted by either caffeine or barium. Histamine dilation in the presence of caffeine was also significantly greater than that in the presence of barium. These results suggest that histamine may produce vasodilation through at least two different modifications of intracellular calcium mobilisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016122"}
{"pmid": "1016124", "title": "Passive transfer of immunity to infection with Nematospiroides dubius from immunised mice to their offspring.", "content": "Passive transfer of immunity to infection with Nematospiroides dubius from immunised mice to their offspring. The results given below show that, whilst it is not possible to transfer immunity to infections with Nematospiroides dubius passively with serum from immune mice to normal adult mice, young born to immune females are resistant to this infection. The immunity is dependent on an intake of immunoglobulin via the milk for a period longer than 24 h. The passive transfer of immunity from immune mothers to neonatal mice does not appear to be dependent on a specific class of immunoglobulins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016124"}
{"pmid": "1016125", "title": "Intrahepatic microvascular changes in carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic livers in the rat.", "content": "Intrahepatic microvascular changes in carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic livers in the rat. Liver cirrhosis was produced in the rat by combined carbon tetrachloride-phenobarbitone treatment, and the microcirculation in the cirrhotic liver was observed by a quantitative in vivo transillumination technique. The total sinusoidal flow in the observed region of the cirrhotic liver did not differ significantly from that in the normal liver, despite the reduced number of sinusoids and the increased portal venous pressure. The cirrhotic liver also presented a fast-velocity population of portal and hepatic venules and sinusoids in addition to the normal slow-velocity population. The possible mechanism of these \"arterialized\" microvessels is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016125"}
{"pmid": "1016126", "title": "Effect of the ligation of hepatic artery on the microcirculation in the cirrhotic liver in the rat.", "content": "Effect of the ligation of hepatic artery on the microcirculation in the cirrhotic liver in the rat. The significance of the hepatic arterial supply in the intrahepatic microcirculation in normal and carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic livers was studied by dye injection method and by ligation of the hepatic artery. The in vivo distribution of dye injected into the hepatic artery evidenced the presence of arterio-venous shunts in the cirrhotic liver. When the hepatic artery of the cirrhotic liver was ligated, the elevated portal venous pressure dropped significantly, and the fast-flowing population of microvessels and sinusoids in the bimodal frequency distribution plot disappeared. The fast-flowing microvessel and sinusoids appeared to be the \"arterial\" microvessels and sinusoids, and they were converted into the slow-flowing venous channels after hepatic arterial ligation. The transmission of arterial pressure via the A-V shunts may be of greater significance in the pathophysiology of portal hypertension than previously believed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016126"}
{"pmid": "1016127", "title": "Serological evidence of inter-epidemic infection of feral pigs in New South Wales with Murray Valley encephalitis virus.", "content": "Serological evidence of inter-epidemic infection of feral pigs in New South Wales with Murray Valley encephalitis virus. The sera of 617 feral pigs, collected from three widely separated areas of northern and central New South Wales, were examined for antibody to Murray Valley encephalitis (MVE) virus and to Ross River virus. Haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody was detected to MVE in 58% of sera and to Ross River virus in 15% of sera. Neutralization tests suggested that the MVE HI antibody resulted from infection with MVE virus in the summers of 1971-1972 and 1972-1973 when the virus was not known to be active in New South Wales. These same tests suggested that more than one flavivirus infected the feral pigs in the summer of 1973-1974 and that Kunjin virus was active in the summer of 1975-1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016127"}
{"pmid": "1016128", "title": "Basophil leucocytes in cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in nematode-infected guinea-pigs.", "content": "Basophil leucocytes in cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions in nematode-infected guinea-pigs. Cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions were elicited in guinea-pigs infected with the parasitic nematode Trichostrongylus colubriformis by injecting them with a crude extract of T. colubriformis fourth-stage larvae. The reaction was characterized by early oedema and pronounced cellular infiltration, initially with neutrophils but later with mononuclear cells, basophils and variable numbers of eosinophils. Because basophils have been implicated as effector cells in the protective immune response of guinea-pigs to this nematode, the capacity to elicit a basophil-rich cellular infiltrate in infected animals might be a useful assay for T. colubriformis protective antigen(s).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016128"}
{"pmid": "1016129", "title": "The relationship between the transfer of immunoglobulins, sodium and potassium into mammary secretion of the parturient ewe.", "content": "The relationship between the transfer of immunoglobulins, sodium and potassium into mammary secretion of the parturient ewe. The experiment comprised two sections. First, radiotracer techniques were used to study the metabolism of IgG1 and IgG2 in 5 non-pregnant and 4 pregnant ewes. In the pregnant ewes, the rates of synthesis for IgG1 and IgG2 were similar to the rates observed in non-pregnant animals. However, the irreversible loss of IgG1 was significantly greater than IgG2 in pregnant ewes and IgG1 in non-pregnant ewes. Additionally, it was found that most of the IgG1 and virtually all of the IgG2 in mammary secretion was serum derived. Secondly, the levels of sodium, potassium and lactose and the selective index for IgG1 in mammary secretions of 5 pregnant ewes were monitored over the parturient period. The values of all the measures remained relatively constant until one day before parturition. From one day pre-partum, the levels of potassium and lactose in mammary secretion began to increase and had risen 2-3 fold by 5 days post-partum. Over the same period, the selective index for IgG1 decreased 20 fold, wehreas the level of sodium fell from approximately 32 mmol/l to 18 mmol/l. The concentration of IgG1 in plasma slowly declined from approximately 23 g/l to 15 g/l over the last 10 days of pregnancy. During the parturient period, the decline in plasma IgG1 levels, in comparison with IgG2, without alteration in the rates of synthesis of either immunoglobulin, supports the hypothesis that selective transport of IgG1 into mammary secretion occurs without degradation. The results also indicate that the transport of sodium and potassium into mammary secretions are altered over the parturient period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016129"}
{"pmid": "1016131", "title": "Inhibition of intestinal uptake of amino acids by unconjugated bile salt.", "content": "Inhibition of intestinal uptake of amino acids by unconjugated bile salt. The unconjugated bile salt, sodium deoxycholate, at a concentration of 0.5 mM was shown to inhibit the intestinal uptake of the amino acids L-glycine, L-leucine, L-proline, L-lysine and L-tyrosine in rats in vitro. This effect was acutely reversible except for the basis amino acid L-lysine and is therefore not simply due to tissue damage. These results, and the recent finding that sodium deoxycholate inhibits intestinal absorption of amino acids in vivo, suggest that impaired intestinal amino acid transport may contribute to hypoproteinaemia in patients with bacterial overgrowth in the upper small intestine in whom deoxycholate is present in the small intestinal lumen in excessive concentrations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016131"}
{"pmid": "1016130", "title": "Fibrinogen-like proteins and fibrinolytic proteins in a saline eluate from sucrose washed bovine erythrocytes.", "content": "Fibrinogen-like proteins and fibrinolytic proteins in a saline eluate from sucrose washed bovine erythrocytes. Plasminogen and a spectrum of fibrinogen-like proteins are found in a saline eluate of sucrose washed bovine erythrocytes. It seems probable that these proteins are membrane bound in vivo, and, as such, their physiological significance is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016130"}
{"pmid": "1016132", "title": "The effects of 2-phenylalanine 8-lysine vasopressin (octapressin) on blood vessels in the rat tail.", "content": "The effects of 2-phenylalanine 8-lysine vasopressin (octapressin) on blood vessels in the rat tail. Isolated perfused segments of the ventral rat tail artery have been used in this study to investigate the effects of octapressin on vascular smooth muscle and its interaction with other vasoconstrictor agents. It was found that repeated octapressin administration was associated with tachyphylaxis and that the onset and rate of development of this phenomenon could be modified by cocaine. The constrictor action of catecholamines, electrical stimulation and serotonin on the rat tail artery was potentiated by octapressin. Mechanisms which may be involved in octapressin tachyphylaxis are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016132"}
{"pmid": "1016134", "title": "Infection rates and outbreaks of disease due to Babesia argentina in unvaccinated cattle on 5 beef properties in south-eastern Queensland.", "content": "Infection rates and outbreaks of disease due to Babesia argentina in unvaccinated cattle on 5 beef properties in south-eastern Queensland. Serums from unvaccinated groups in 5 herds of beef-cattle in South-East Queensland were tested for antibodies to Babesia argentina at intervals while the cattle were increasing in age from about 6 months. An indirect fluorescent antibody test was used. Infection rates, indicating the proportions of the groups that had been exposed to tick-transmitted infection were 49.2, 56.9 and 69.1% for cattle aged approximately 6, 12 and 18 months, respectively. The degree to which cattle were infested with the vector, Boophilus microplus, was estimated. There appeared to be a strong correlation between infection rate and tick incidence. Four serologically negative animals died of either confirmed or suspected babesiosis during the sampling period. Sickness was observed in 5 others. The serological status of 57 changes from negative to positive without symptoms being observed, indicating relatively low mortality and morbidity rates in the enzootic situation studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016134"}
{"pmid": "1016133", "title": "The induction of parturition using dexamethasone.", "content": "The induction of parturition using dexamethasone. Premature parturition was successfully induced with a preparation containing 2 dexamethasone esters in 709 out of 716 cows and heifers of gestational periods ranging from 3 to 8 months. A mortality rate of 38.5% was experienced among calves produced by induced cows, while only a 2.7% mortality rate occurred among 4,330 calves from normal parturitions. Approximately 50% of all treated cattle retained foetal membranes, but with apparently no ill-effect. The treatment apparently did not affect milk production, post-calving fertility, and the overall incidence of dystocias in cows and post-calving diseases. Three deaths occurred among induced cattle, but they could not be attributed to the treatment. It was concluded that the technique may prove to be of great value in dairy cattle, in seasonal milking areas. The induction of premature parturition was attempted in 736 cows and heifers.  In each animal, an initial im injection of 32 mg dexamethasone was followed by no more than 3 injections of 16 mg at approximately 10-day intervals.  Most animals were 5-8 months pregnant at time of treatment.  Premature parturition was successfully induced in 709 (99%);  64.5% required only the initial injection, 33.9% required 2 injections, and 1.6% required 3.  14.2% of the fetuses were stillborn, and 24.3% of the calves died before 4 weeks of age, compared with a 2.7% mortality rate among 4330 calves from normal parturitions.  Approximately 50% of the treated cattle retained fetal membranes with no apparent ill-effect.  The treatment did not effect milk production, postcalving fertility, and the overall incidence of dystocias in cows and postcalving diseases.  This technique, particularly in the seasonal milking areas, may be a valuable management procedure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016133"}
{"pmid": "1016135", "title": "Vaccination with Babesia argentina in 5 beef herds in south-eastern Queensland.", "content": "Vaccination with Babesia argentina in 5 beef herds in south-eastern Queensland. Observations on the use of a vaccine containing Babesia argentina in 5 partly susceptible beef herds in south-eastern Queensland were made on 1,029 female breeding cattle over a period of 4 years. Groups averaging about 20 heifers were given 0, 1, 2 or 3 vaccinations. Incidence derived from groups experiencing clinical attacks were 17.9% for unvaccinated cattle and 1.2% for vaccinates. Increasing the number of vaccinations did not appear to increase protection. The one clinical manifestation of infection with B. bigemina was associated with a concurrent reaction to vaccination with Anaplasma centrale. There were no cases of haemolytic anaemia in new-born calves. No severe reactions followed primary vaccination, but 2 revaccinated animals became sick.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016135"}
{"pmid": "1016136", "title": "Tuberculosis-like granulomas in cattle caused by Actinomycetes.", "content": "Tuberculosis-like granulomas in cattle caused by Actinomycetes. From 280 lesions from normal cattle at slaughter, 10 were found to contain thin, branching, Gram-positive organisms belonging to the Nocardia/Streptomyces group and this was confirmed by culture in 3 cases. Macroscopically the older lesions were similar in appearance to those of tuberculosis. Microscopically, all lesions contained numerous foreign body giant cells and thin, branching organisms. The older lesions also contained areas of necrosis, caseation, mineralisation and fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016136"}
{"pmid": "1016137", "title": "A pathological and bacteriological study of the mammary glands of beef cows in north Queensland.", "content": "A pathological and bacteriological study of the mammary glands of beef cows in north Queensland. Pathological and bacteriological studies were made of a total of 507 udders from slaughtered beef cows originating from various locations in northern Queensland. Incidence of supernumerary tests was 28%, their distribution being caudal (80%), intercalary (8%), ramal (5%) and anterior 1%; 6% had both caudal and intercalary teats. They were seen most frequency in British breed and British-Brahman crossbreds (each 29%) and less frequently in Brahmans (22%). Gross lesions were found in 11.4% of cows; these lesions comprised cysts (2.8%), leech infestation (1.0%), mastitis (0.6%), teat occlusionsion (3.9%), papillomatosis (1.2%), cutaneous horns (0.4%), teat fistulas (0.4%), teat trauma (0.6%) and udder fibrosis (0.6%). Mastitis was obviously low in occurrence, while leech infestation and teat occlusion were relatively frequent in cows from one area. Bacteriological examination of single quarters in 364 cows, revealed infection in 154 (42.3%). A total of 199 isolations were made of which 3.5% were recognised mastitis pathogens. Pathological conditions were found, and bacterial isolations were made more frequently in aged than in mature or young cows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016137"}
{"pmid": "1016138", "title": "Polyarthritis of pigs in western Australia: the role of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.", "content": "Polyarthritis of pigs in western Australia: the role of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae. A 3-month survey of polyarthritis in pigs was carried out at 3 metropolitan abattoirs in Western Australia. The incidence of total carcass condemnations for polyarthritis was 0.46% and partial condemnation for \"arthritis\" 1.66% of 15,919 pigs. It was demonstrated that the majority of joint lesions found in either total or partial condemnations were identical pathological conditions, usually differing only in the number of joints involved. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was isolated from the joints of 63% of pigs condemned for polyarthritis; it appears that this organism is the most significant aetiological agent of polyarthritis in Western Australia. The role of mycoplasmas has not been determined. The groww and microscopic lesions seen in affected joints were those of a non-suppurative proliferative polysynovitis. The stifle and elbow joints showed the highest incidence of the most severe lesions. Pigs condemned for polyarthritis over a 6-month period were traced back to 125 farms. Eighty per cent of pigs that had been condemned for polyarthritis had not been vaccinated against erysipelas or were of doubtful vaccination status. Only 3% of pigs had been vaccinated as recommended. The results would suggest that erysipelas vaccine is not directly implicated in the pathogenesis of polyarthritis. The majority of pigs condemned for polyarthritis originated from poorly managed small piggeries run as sideline enterprises. There was no significant pattern to the geographical distribution of polyarthritis cases in Western Australia. Likewise, no significant realtionship was established between polyarthritis condemnations and either breed, sex or bodyweight of thepigs involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016138"}
{"pmid": "1016139", "title": "Complications following a ruptured bladder in a 60-day-old foal.", "content": "Complications following a ruptured bladder in a 60-day-old foal. The death of a 60-day-old foal due to massive haemorrhage associated with erosion of the left umbilical artery into the left ureter is reported. Surgical repair attempts are described together with post-mortem findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016139"}
{"pmid": "1016140", "title": "The \"Dag\" and swollen abaxial midpiece spermatozoan defects in bulls.", "content": "The \"Dag\" and swollen abaxial midpiece spermatozoan defects in bulls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016140"}
{"pmid": "1016141", "title": "Some thoughts on academic institutions.", "content": "Some thoughts on academic institutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016141"}
{"pmid": "1016142", "title": "The veterinary profession and the future in Australia.", "content": "The veterinary profession and the future in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016142"}
{"pmid": "1016143", "title": "Supply and demand for veterinarians in Australia.", "content": "Supply and demand for veterinarians in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016143"}
{"pmid": "1016144", "title": "Osteoarthrosis of the elbow joint in dogs.", "content": "Osteoarthrosis of the elbow joint in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016144"}
{"pmid": "1016145", "title": "Babesiosis of a horse in Australia.", "content": "Babesiosis of a horse in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016145"}
{"pmid": "1016146", "title": "The species of flies reared from struck sheep in south-eastern Australia.", "content": "The species of flies reared from struck sheep in south-eastern Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016146"}
{"pmid": "1016147", "title": "Mimosine in Leucaena leucocephala is metabolised to a goitrogen in ruminants.", "content": "Mimosine in Leucaena leucocephala is metabolised to a goitrogen in ruminants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016147"}
{"pmid": "1016148", "title": "Avulsion of the tibial tuberosity in the greyhound.", "content": "Avulsion of the tibial tuberosity in the greyhound.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016148"}
{"pmid": "1016149", "title": "Congenital bovine epizootic arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in Australia. Distribution of antibodies to Akabane virus in Australian Cattle after the 1974 epizootic.", "content": "Congenital bovine epizootic arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in Australia. Distribution of antibodies to Akabane virus in Australian Cattle after the 1974 epizootic. At the end of the 1974 epizootic of bovine congenital arthrogryposis and hydranencephaly in south-eastern New South Wales, an Australia-wide serological survey (about 4,000 serums) was made to determine the ditribution of cattle possessing serum neutralising antibodies against Akabane virus. Eighty per cent of the serums from cattle in northern Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, and Queensland) were positive. A detailed study in the epizootic area in New South Wales (particularly around Bega) showed that 80 to 100% of serums from cows in herds in this area possessed neutralising antibodies. The animals possessing antibodies extended as far south as Genoa in north-eastern Victoria, and as far west as Darlington Point on the Murrumbidgee River. There were no positive herds along the Murray River, where an outbreak of the mosquito-borne disease Murray Valley encephalitis occurred in 1974. Serums tested from cows in the rest of Victoria, South Australia, south-western Western Australia, and Tasmania were negative. Arthrogrypotic calves born in Tasmania and south-western Western Australia were not associated with the presence of Akabane virus. In Papua New Guinea, serums collected from cattle at Boroka, Lae, and Goroka did not possess neutralising antibodies. The distribution of cattle possessing antibodies in Australia would fit a spread of the virus by Culicoides brevitarsis, a biting midge from which Akabane virus had been isolated on three occasions. The possibility of other vectors, as well as C. brevitarsis, was suggested by the presence of cows possessing antibodies at Alice Springs, where this biting midge has not been found. Possibly most cattle in northern Australia become infected early in life. The epizootics in New South Wales could occur when seasonal conditions allow a southerly extension of virus-infected C. brevitarsis which feed on susceptible pregnant animals. C. brevitarsis also bites sheep, and both neutralising antibodies to Akabane virus and congenitally deformed lambs have been observed in the epizootic area. An understanding of the distribtuion of Akabane virus and C. brevitarsis, a possible Australian vector for bluetongue virus, may prove useful if bluetongue should enter Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016149"}
{"pmid": "1016150", "title": "A review of respiratory agents associated with disease of sheep, cattle and pigs in Australia and overseas.", "content": "A review of respiratory agents associated with disease of sheep, cattle and pigs in Australia and overseas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016150"}
{"pmid": "1016151", "title": "Custom collection and processing of bull semen.", "content": "Custom collection and processing of bull semen. Three systems of custom collection and processing of semen are reported. In the first system, semen was collected, evaluated and partially diluted and returned to a central Government laboratory for final dilution and freezing. In the second system the procedure was similar to the first except the semen was returned to the author's laboratory for final dilution and freezing. System 2 reduced the failure to process rate from 20.4% to 6%, but did not significantly improve fertility (64% v's 68% for systems 1 and 2 respectively). A single-stage diluent was used in system 3 and the time from collection to freezing in the author's laboratory was reduced. Both the failure to process rate (0.1%) and the fertility rate of the semen (76%) improved over the other 2 systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016151"}
{"pmid": "1016152", "title": "Control of reproductive function of cattle using cloprostenol.", "content": "Control of reproductive function of cattle using cloprostenol. Two intramuscular injections of cloprostenol were given 12 days apart to synchronise oestrus in a group of 47 heifers and following the second injection, 38 were found in oestrus in 2 to 6 days, 1 in 11 days and 8 in 22 to 27 days. The conception rate of the synchronised animals was 24 of 38 (63%). Twenty-nine heifers were given injections of cloprostenol in late pregnancy and parturition was induced with a latent period of 6 +/- 3 days when injected at 266 to 267 days. When injected at 254 to 262 days, 3 of 16 heifers (19%) were unresponsive and the remainder calved with a latent period of 12 +/- 6 days. The survival rate of calves from induced heifers was 71% with 80% survival from controls. Approximately 50% of the induced heifers, and none of the controls, retained their foetal membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016152"}
{"pmid": "1016153", "title": "The incidence of dystocia in Dorset Horn ewes.", "content": "The incidence of dystocia in Dorset Horn ewes. The incidence of dystocia was recorded in flocks of Dorset Horn ewes lambing in winter, spring or summer and grazed at 8, 12 or 16 ewes per hectare over a ten-year period. The mean incidence of dystocia was 34% of ewes lambing. Significantly more ewes experience a difficult birth at winter (35%) and spring (39%) than summer (26%) lambings. Neither stocking rates nor pre-lambing ewe bodyweight were related to the incidence of dystocia. The incidence of dystocia was significantly greater in 2-year-old ewes than in any other age group. Foetal size was of major importance in the occurrence of dystocia. Approximately 60% of single and twin born lambs that had birth weights greater than 4.5 kg had a difficult birth whereas in lambs weighing less than 3.2 kg only about 10% were affected. Thirty-six per cent of all perinatal mortality was attributable to dystocia. Approximately 27% of single and 73% of twin presentations in assisted births were abnormal, 31% of all lambs assisted had 1 or both legs retained, 4% had posterior (including breech) presentations and the remaining 8% were of varied forms of malpresentation. Significantly more single male than female lambs experienced a difficult birth and the mean birth weights of single, twin and triplet born lambs that had a difficult birth were greater than the birth weights of singles, twins and triplets born normally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016153"}
{"pmid": "1016154", "title": "Simulated natural infection of chickens with Australian lentogenic newcastle disease virus and subsequent challenge with virulent virus.", "content": "Simulated natural infection of chickens with Australian lentogenic newcastle disease virus and subsequent challenge with virulent virus. A total of 291 eight-week-old chickens were exposed to chickens infected with either of two Australian lentogenic strains (V4 and AVL NDV-1) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). At 3 weeks after exposure, all chickens exposed to V4 infected chickens had developed haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody. All chickens exposed to AVL NDV-1 virus infected chickens had developed HI antibody 5 weeks later. This sudden late appearance of HI antibody, to titres higher than those observed with V4 chickens, was explained by V4 virus being introduced to the AVL NDV-1 group of chickens. When groups of these chickens were challenged with Roakin virus (mesogenic NDV) at 3 weeks and Fontana 1083 virus (viscerotropic velogenic NDV) and Texas GB virus (neutrotropic NDV) at 3, 5, 10 and 21 weeks only three chickens developed clinical illness one of which died. These chickens were one AVL NDV-1 chicken contact challenged with Fontana 1083 virus at 3 weeks, one V4 chicken oronasally challenged with Texas GB virus at 5 weeks and one V4 chicken challenged oronasally with Fontana 1083 virus at 10 weeks. Susceptible non-vaccinated chickens died soon after challenge. Challenge by oronasal infection with 10(7.0) ELD50 of virus or contact with susceptible infected chickens enabled virulent virus to be isolated from most chickens and was accompanied by a large anamnestic increase in serum HI antibody.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016154"}
{"pmid": "1016155", "title": "Some factors affecting the measurement of blood inorganic phosphorus in cattle.", "content": "Some factors affecting the measurement of blood inorganic phosphorus in cattle. Sixty cows were studied over 3 days, to determine the effect of site of sampling, handling stress and the tranquilliser xylazine hydrochloride, on blood inorganic phosphorus (P). Jugular venous and coccygeal mixed arterial and venous blood were compared. Saliva was also analysed for P. Buffered and unbuffered trichloracetic acid (TCA) were compared as deproteinising agents. Tail blood P was consistently 12% (range 7-17%) higher than that from the jugular vein (P less than 0.01). This difference decreased when jugular blood was sampled first but increased following administration of the tranquilliser. The drug significantly (P less than 0.01) increased the concentration of P in the saliva on 2 out of 3 days. The possible role of salivary P in affecting jugular P values, is discussed. The buffered TCA analyses gave consistently lower P readings than the unbuffered analyses. The magnitude of this effect was time dependent, being greater when the samples were left for 4 days (P less than 0.05) than when analysed the next day. There was a very strong correlation between plasma and whole blood P. It was concluded that the tissue of choice in phosphorus studies is tail blood (plasma or serum) treated with buffered TCA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016155"}
{"pmid": "1016156", "title": "Scrotal mesothelioma in a bull.", "content": "Scrotal mesothelioma in a bull.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016156"}
{"pmid": "1016157", "title": "An attenuated vaccine against bovine ephemeral fever.", "content": "An attenuated vaccine against bovine ephemeral fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016157"}
{"pmid": "1016158", "title": "Suspected aspergillosis in a dog.", "content": "Suspected aspergillosis in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016158"}
{"pmid": "1016159", "title": "Treatment of pregnancy toxaemia in ewes by induction of parturition.", "content": "Treatment of pregnancy toxaemia in ewes by induction of parturition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016159"}
{"pmid": "1016160", "title": "Lesions in sheep and guinea pigs pen fed parasitised annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)", "content": "Lesions in sheep and guinea pigs pen fed parasitised annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016160"}
{"pmid": "1016161", "title": "Artificial insemination of horses.", "content": "Artificial insemination of horses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016161"}
{"pmid": "1016162", "title": "Stimulation of the development of infective Babesia bovis (= B. argentina) in unfed Boophilus microplus larvae.", "content": "Stimulation of the development of infective Babesia bovis (= B. argentina) in unfed Boophilus microplus larvae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016162"}
{"pmid": "1016163", "title": "Equine hydatidosis in Australia.", "content": "Equine hydatidosis in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016163"}
{"pmid": "1016165", "title": "Anthelmintic treatment of young beef cattle in the Wallum region of south-eastern Queensland.", "content": "Anthelmintic treatment of young beef cattle in the Wallum region of south-eastern Queensland. An anthelmintic treatment trial on 125 Brahman-British crossbred 2 to 4 month old calves was undertaken on Wallum country in south eastern Queesland. The calves were divided into 5 experimental groups, grazed together and treated as follows for 17 months: Group 1--Untreated controls; Group 2--Monthly levamisole--niclosamide on 4 occasions; Group 3--Monthly levamisole until 1 month after weaning; Group 4--Levamisole 3 to 6 weeks after saturating rains; Group 5--No levamisole--niclosamide as for Group 2. The mean body weight gains for cattle in Groups 1 to 5 were 95, 124, 105, 121 and 97 kg respectively. Four cattle were lost from each of Groups 1 and 3 and five from Group 5. Most of these losses occurred towards the end of the second summer rainfall season. Faecal egg count maxima were recorded around weaning in untreated groups and during the summer rainfall period of both the first and second summer in all groups. The most prevalent nematode species encountered were H. placei, Cooperia spp and O. ostertagi. It is recommended that in this region cattle under 2 years of age should receive anthelmintic treatment at least in autumn and spring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016165"}
{"pmid": "1016164", "title": "A study of nephritis of beef cattle in North Queensland.", "content": "A study of nephritis of beef cattle in North Queensland. The incidence of subclinical nephritis in beef cattle slaughtered at a Townsville abattoir during the period 1970-73 was 3.8 percent. A rising incidence coincided with the wet summer of 1973-74 reaching a peak of 8.2 percent thereafter in June 1974. All but 1 of 100 cases macroscopically identified as nephritis and studied histologically proved to be of interstitial type in which lymphocytic infiltration predominated. Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia was also a common feature. The exceptional case showed proliferative glomerulonephritis. Leptospires were isolated from 16 percent of cases cultured, and observed in 8 percent of specimens examined histologically. All of the 8 isolates subjected to serogrouping were L. pomona. Of the animals tested serologically against 2 serotypes 66.2 percent were positive to L. pomona (33.8 percent), L. hardjo (18.9 percent) or both (13.5 percent). The total incidence is significantly higher than in other random surveys carried out in the region. These findings suggest that Leptospira sp. are a major cause of bovine nephritis. Since other pathogens endemic in the area, for example, Babesia and Theileria sp., may be capable of causing nephritis in cattle an accurate assessment of the aetiology of that form of renal disease in north Queensland cannot yet be made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016164"}
{"pmid": "1016166", "title": "Humpy back of sheep. Clinical and pathological observations.", "content": "Humpy back of sheep. Clinical and pathological observations. Humpy back, a disease of Merino sheep in western Queesland, occurs during mustering for shearing. It is usually seen in summer 6-10 weeks after substantial rainfall and is thought to be caused by the ingestion of a toxic plant. The disease is characterised clinically by a short-stepping, stilted gait of the hind limbs, followed by lowering of the head, arching of the back and inability to continue walking. Histopathological examination of 8 cases from 5 properties revealed a Wallerian degeneration of the white matter throughout the length of the spinal cord with the ventral and lateral columns most severely affected. A similar degenerative change was seen in the posterior cerebellar peduncles of 3 of the sheep. A more severe hind limb incoordination with more extensive degeneration of the white matter of the spinal cord, medulla and cerebellum was seen in a case of humpy back of two years duration. Similar, but much milder, spinal cord lesions were found in apparently unaffected sheep from the same group as the sheep affected with humpy back on 2 properties. Severe myodegeneration of hind limb muscle groups was seen in 3 affected sheep. It was thought to be associated with the long rail journey (1500 km) to the laboratory after the sheep were affected in the field.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016166"}
{"pmid": "1016167", "title": "Studies on the prevalence of ringworm among horses in racing and breeding stables.", "content": "Studies on the prevalence of ringworm among horses in racing and breeding stables. A survey of 568 horses in training and 2,535 horses on breeding farms has shown 32 percent of the horses in training to be clinically affected while only 1.1 percent of breeding horses were affected with pathogenic dermatophytes. The majority of lesions on racing horses were located on the girth areas. Trichophyton equinum var. autotrophicum, M. canis and M. equinum were found to be restricted to racing horses only. M. gypseum occurred in racing, riding and breeding horses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016167"}
{"pmid": "1016168", "title": "A standardised haemagglutination inhibition test for porcine parvovirus antibody.", "content": "A standardised haemagglutination inhibition test for porcine parvovirus antibody. Basic variables of the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for porcine parvovirus antibody were investigated. Nonspecific serum inhibitors were satisfactorily removed without loss of specific antibody when undiluted serum was adsorbed with 25 percent kaolin in borate saline at pH 9.0. Natural haemagglutinins in test serums could be completely removed using 0.1 ml of packed erythrocytes to 0.6 ml of kaolin treated serums. Adsorption of prediluted serum resulted in a depression of specific antibody titres. Highest HI titres were obtained using guinea pig erythrocytes, following incubation of virus-serum mixtures for 18 hours at 4 degrees C, 3 hours at 25 degrees C or 2 hours at 37 degrees C. Micro- and macro-tests gave comparable HI titres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016168"}
{"pmid": "1016169", "title": "Leptospiral agglutinins in dogs in Sydney.", "content": "Leptospiral agglutinins in dogs in Sydney. From June 1971 to June 1972, sera from 600 dogs in Sydney were tested for leptospiral agglutinins by a rapid slide agglutination method. The end-point titre was taken at 50 percent agglutination of the live organisms. Forty-one samples (6.8 percent) had a significant leptospiral titres (100 or greater) and 5 of these reacted to 2 serotypes. Thirty serums (5 percent) contained agglutinins against L. copenhageni, and 6 (1 percent) against L. pomona, while a few samples reacted against hardjo, tarassovi, australis, grippotyphosa or pyrogenes serotypes. No significant titres were found to L. canicola, L. hebdomadis, L. autumnalis or L. bataviae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016169"}
{"pmid": "1016170", "title": "Suspected equine infectious anaemia in a foal.", "content": "Suspected equine infectious anaemia in a foal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016170"}
{"pmid": "1016171", "title": "Solanum esuriale, a possible cause of humpy back in sheep.", "content": "Solanum esuriale, a possible cause of humpy back in sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016171"}
{"pmid": "1016172", "title": "Extension of the range of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Western Australia.", "content": "Extension of the range of Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Western Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016172"}
{"pmid": "1016173", "title": "The role of dietary fat in alleviating fatty liver and kidney syndrome in broilers.", "content": "The role of dietary fat in alleviating fatty liver and kidney syndrome in broilers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016173"}
{"pmid": "1016174", "title": "Reactivation of recent or remote memory before electroconvulsive therapy does not produce retrograde amnesia.", "content": "Reactivation of recent or remote memory before electroconvulsive therapy does not produce retrograde amnesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016174"}
{"pmid": "1016175", "title": "Dissociation of odor and taste in shock-avoidance learning.", "content": "Dissociation of odor and taste in shock-avoidance learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016175"}
{"pmid": "1016176", "title": "Parallel but independent effects of pentobarbital and scopolamine on hippocampus-related behavior.", "content": "Parallel but independent effects of pentobarbital and scopolamine on hippocampus-related behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016176"}
{"pmid": "1016177", "title": "A comparison of free-operant shuttle avoidance in Mongolian gerbils and albino rats.", "content": "A comparison of free-operant shuttle avoidance in Mongolian gerbils and albino rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016177"}
{"pmid": "1016178", "title": "Differentiation of response biases elicited by scopolamine and d-amphetamine: effects on habituation.", "content": "Differentiation of response biases elicited by scopolamine and d-amphetamine: effects on habituation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016178"}
{"pmid": "1016179", "title": "An experimental test of diaschisis.", "content": "An experimental test of diaschisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016179"}
{"pmid": "1016180", "title": "Social and genotypic aspects of open-field behavior of two lines of mice.", "content": "Social and genotypic aspects of open-field behavior of two lines of mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016180"}
{"pmid": "1016181", "title": "The response of male guppies (Poecilia reticutata, Peters) to repeated exposure to an open field.", "content": "The response of male guppies (Poecilia reticutata, Peters) to repeated exposure to an open field.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016181"}
{"pmid": "1016182", "title": "Adaptation and aversive brain stimulation. II. Effects of current level and pulse frequency.", "content": "Adaptation and aversive brain stimulation. II. Effects of current level and pulse frequency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016182"}
{"pmid": "1016184", "title": "Conditioned taste aversion: oral and postingestional factors.", "content": "Conditioned taste aversion: oral and postingestional factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016184"}
{"pmid": "1016183", "title": "Adaptation and aversive brain stimulation. III. Excitability characteristics of behaviorally relevant neural substrates.", "content": "Adaptation and aversive brain stimulation. III. Excitability characteristics of behaviorally relevant neural substrates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016183"}
{"pmid": "1016185", "title": "The CNS weighting of external and internal factors in feeding behavior.", "content": "The CNS weighting of external and internal factors in feeding behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016185"}
{"pmid": "1016197", "title": "The role of individual recognition by odors in the social interactions of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).", "content": "The role of individual recognition by odors in the social interactions of the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016197"}
{"pmid": "1016186", "title": "The influence of calcium and beta-sympathomimetics on force-frequency relationship and resting potentiation in guinea pig papillary muscle.", "content": "The influence of calcium and beta-sympathomimetics on force-frequency relationship and resting potentiation in guinea pig papillary muscle. The influence of various calcium concentrations and of the beta-sympathomimeticum orciprenaline (Alupent) on the force-frequency relationship and on the resting potentiation of isolated isometrically contracting papillary muscles of the guinea pig heart was studied. Elevation of Ca concentration and/or addition of orciprenaline augment the amplitudes of contractions elicited by rhythmical stimulation, but they diminish the amplitudes of test contractions elicited after a test interval of 1-2 s. It is suggested that calcium and orciprenaline strengthen the calcium loss from the sarcoplasmic reticulum out of the cell during a prolonged interval.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016186"}
{"pmid": "1016189", "title": "Maximal rate of pressure rise and time parameters in the right ventricle under isovolumic conditions. Investigations in the canine heart-lung preparation.", "content": "Maximal rate of pressure rise and time parameters in the right ventricle under isovolumic conditions. Investigations in the canine heart-lung preparation. In contrast to the left ventricle, the maximal rate of intraventricular pressure rise in the right ventricle does not occur within the isovolumic phase of the contraction. Occlusion of the pulmonary artery by inflation of a balloon during the diastole causes an isovolumic systole of the following heart beat. The canine heart-lung preparation was used to test whether dP/dtmax measured isovolumically and the peak ventricular pressure Pmax as well as the parameters derived are useful indices for the contractile state of the right ventricle. Changes only of the aortic pressure influence neither dP/dtmax, Pmax and the time values from the onset of contraction to dP/dtmax (t-dP/dtmax), nor the time to Pmax (t-Pmax). A rise in heart frequency leads to an increase in dP/dtmax and Pmax at lowered enddiastolic pressure. It does not influence the time interval t-dP/dtmax and t-Pmax. With augmented diastolic filling, dP/dtmax as well as Pmax increase, and t-dP/dtmax and t-Pmax are extended. The present study suggests that dP/dtmax and Pmax measured isovolumically provide accurate and practical measurements of right ventricular contractility, provided that changes in enddiastolic pressure and heart frequency are taken into account. The time parameters are found to be not useful.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016189"}
{"pmid": "1016198", "title": "A classification of tumor development based on an analysis of enzymes in tissue sections of hypernephroid carcinoma in man.", "content": "A classification of tumor development based on an analysis of enzymes in tissue sections of hypernephroid carcinoma in man. Sections of hypernephroid carcinoma from 20 cases were investigated for aldolase isozymes A and B by a mixed aggregation immuno-cytochemical technique, and for the brush border membrane enzymes aminopeptidase and alkaline phosphatase by conventional histochemical techniques. It was found that the cases could be grouped into four types: type 1 (1 case) contained all 4 enzymes; type 2 (7 cases) contained all enzymes except aldolase-B; type 3 (7 cases) possessed aldolase-A and one brush border membrane enzyme; type 4 (5 cases) contained only aldolase-A. The aldolase-A concentration in all tumor cells was higher than that in proximal tubule cells, whereas the concentration of the two brush border enzymes was lower. In cases tydolase-B and/or higher amounts of the brush border enzymes than the surrounding cells. No correlation was observed between clear cell and granular cell hypernephroid carcinomas or the invasiveness or the nuclear polymorphism of the tumors on the one hand with their enzyme type on the other. These histological enzyme analyses suggest that most, if not all, hypernephroid carcinomas are derived from kidney proximal tubule cells and that the tumor cells then progressively lose aldolase-B, and subsequently the brush border enzymes, but at the same time producing more aldolase-A. The presence of the enzyme-rich patches suggest different patterns of proliferation and differentiation among the tumor cell population. Three tumors other than hypernephroid carcinoma were also examined in this way. The results suggest that histoenzymological analyses are of general applicability in studies of tumor progression. They should also be useful for biopsy and aspiration cytology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016198"}
{"pmid": "1016199", "title": "Quantitative electron microscopic study of capillaries in diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Quantitative electron microscopic study of capillaries in diabetes mellitus. A systematic microscopic examination of all elements of the capillary wall was performed on quadriceps muscle biopsies from 9 diabetic patients and 8 controls. The capillary basement membrane (CBM) was markedly thicker in diabetics; it consisted of several lamellae and contained large vacuoles which were never observed in non-diabetic subjects. Large magnifications revealed fibrils in greater number and markedly larger in diameter in diabetics, these accounting for a considerable volume of the CBM and the adventitia and increased diameter and thickness of the capillary wall, without encroaching on the lumen. The intracellular fibrils in pericytes and endothelial cells were also larger and thicker in diabetic subjects. The prevalence of fibrillar material in the vascular disease of diabetes mellitus suggests the importance of research into possible measures to arrest fibril formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016199"}
{"pmid": "1016190", "title": "The maximal rate of pressure rise in the right ventricle of isolated canine hearts in isovolumic and auxotonic systole under various hemodynamic and inotropic conditions.", "content": "The maximal rate of pressure rise in the right ventricle of isolated canine hearts in isovolumic and auxotonic systole under various hemodynamic and inotropic conditions. The influence of changes in pre- and afterload, heart frequency and inotropic state on the difference between right ventricular dP/dtmax measured isovolumically and auxotonically has been investigated in canine heart-lung preparations. Isovolumic systoles were obtained by occluding the pulmonary artery during diastole by balloon inflation. The mean difference between isovolumic and auxotonic dP/dtmax is 40 mm Hg/sec (15 to 80 mm Hg/sec) - i.e. about 10% of the value measured auxotonically. Neither hemodynamic (pre- and afterload changes) nor inotropic changes influence this difference. Heart rate increase from 140 to 200/min also has no effect. This corresponds with the unchanged time interval between pulmonary valve opening and right ventricular dP/dtmax under all these conditions. Only heart rates below 100/min seem to enhance the difference between isovolumic and auxotonic dP/dtmax. Since the difference is not altered at various inotropic states, the result of this study leads to the conclusion that the relative changes in contractility could be slightly overestimated by using the auxotonic dP/dtmax for inotropic assessment. Practically, this inexactitude is within the error range of the method. Therefore, the use of dP/dtmax measured auxotonically does not introduce a marked disadvantage related to isovolumic dP/dtmax for assessment of relative inotropic changes of the right ventricle in isolated hearts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016190"}
{"pmid": "1016200", "title": "The significance of DNA flow-through fluorescence cytophotometry for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.", "content": "The significance of DNA flow-through fluorescence cytophotometry for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. Flow-through fluorescence cytophotometric determination of nuclear DNA content was employed for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. Fine needle aspiration biopsy material from the prostate of 220 patients was used for study. A false negative rate of 11.4% and a false positive rate of 29.7% were obtained when the results of flow-through photometry were compared with those of traditional cytodiagnosis. It was found that 4.5% of the specimens were unsuitable for cytologic diagnosis and 10.9% for flow-through cytophotometry. False negative DNA histograms may be due to two factors: either the number of tumor cells is small or there are tumor cells whose nuclear DNA content does not differ from that of a normal cell population. False positive findings result from proliferating cells in inflammatory activation. Errors in preparation of the material and mechanical mistakes, such as cellular clumping and coincidences, are less likely causes. The greater percentage of specimens which were inadequate for cytophotometry was due to the large number of cells needed for a utilizable flow-through photometric histogram. The high rate of false negative and false positive results (11.4% and 29.7%, respectively) argues against using flow-through photometric nuclear DNA determination for the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016200"}
{"pmid": "1016187", "title": "Evaluation of physical performance by rectangular-triangular bicycle ergometry and computer-assisted ergospirometry.", "content": "Evaluation of physical performance by rectangular-triangular bicycle ergometry and computer-assisted ergospirometry. A great deal of information about physical adjustment to work can be obtained from quantitative stress testing. Maximal stress limited by symptoms of exertional intolerance is the concept of the 2 min duration work increment test (rectangular-triangular exercise test). Compared to steady-state work tests strict observation of the standardized procedure- and computer assisted evaluation of ergospirometric parameters offer innovatory opportunities: (1) the test is of short duration (8-14 min), (2) the subjects recover rapidly, even from an exhausting test, (3) one is more likely to be able to observe plateauing of VO2, should determination of maximal VO2 be desired, (4) adaptation to increasing work rates and maximal work capacity is assessable, (5) computer technics provide on-line assessment of aerobic and anaerobic power in quantitative terms, (6) measurements proved to be highly reproducible, (7) the relationship between variables such as increments of heart rate and systolic blood pressure, respiratory minute volume, oxygen uptake during the early phase of the non-steady-state condition and the index of anaerobic power, and the influence of factors such as work load and work output, has been studied to derive standard values. Soft-ware programs have been designed to estimate deviation of parameters actually measured from standard values in terms of multiples of the standard deviation of the standard regression line. In particular, evaluating oxygen uptake during short time-intervals (0.5 min) provides information about adequate adaptational forces of the cardio-circulatory system. Energy that is not accounted for by reactions involving the VO2 measured is computed by substracting the caloric equivalent of oxygen uptake during work exceeding the steady-state level during rest from the energy demand to sustain a given work load aerobically. This index of anaerobic power is defined in kcal, cal/kg body wt., and as a percentage of the total amount of energy required (moderately trained athletes 350-500 cal/kg; sedentary people 200-300 cal/kg). A close relationship to parameters of metabolic acidosis (base excess) exists. It is concluded that the physical performance of sedentary people, athletes and patients with impaired cardio-pulmonary function can be more precisely qualified in quantitative terms by means of computer assisted rectangular-triangular ergospirometry. Results obtained in patients with diseased conditions must be carefully interpreted, their condition suggesting the use of more invasive investigations to reveal the pathophysiologic mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016187"}
{"pmid": "1016192", "title": "Hemodynamic response to digitalization in patients with hypertensive cardiovascular disease.", "content": "Hemodynamic response to digitalization in patients with hypertensive cardiovascular disease. Twenty-eight patients with hypertensive cardiovascular disease (HCD) and incipient myocardial dysfunction underwent hemodynamic studies at rest and during exercise before and 30 minutes after administration of 0.6 mg beta-methyl-digoxin intravenously. Measurements were made during right heart catheterization with a balloon-tipped catheter. The hemodynamic changes after administration of digitalis did not demonstrate a consistent and uniform improvement of cardiac performance in all patients with HCD and myocardial dysfunction. When separating 11 patients with pervious myocardial infarctions or documented coronary artery disease (CAD) (= Group I) from the remaining 17 subjects without clinical and/or angiographic signs of CAD (= Group II), there were significant differences in the hemodynamic response to digitalis: In Group I, pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) after digitalis decreased only slightly and insignificantly from 8.7 to 7.4 mm Hg at rest and from 27.6 to 26.4 mm Hg during steady state exercise. Cardiac output (CO) remained essentially unchanged with a tendency to decrease after digitalis: 5.9 vs. 5.8 L/min at rest and 11.5 vs 11.1 L/min during exercise. At rest, even patients of Group II showed only minor decrease of PAWP from 8.8 to 7.2 mm Hg; during exercise these patients demonstrated marked improvement of cardiac performance with a significant decrease of PAWP after digitalis from 27.8 to 22.3 mm Hg (p less than 0.01). With one exception, there was a more or less pronounced reduction of PAWP after the drug was given. No significant change of CO after digitalis was measured in this group: 6.2 vs. 5.9 L/min at rest and 13.4 vs. 13.5 L/min during exercise. The different hemodynamic patterns of responders and non-responders to the glycoside will be discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016192"}
{"pmid": "1016194", "title": "The influence of dihydroergotamine on adenosine-induced and reactive coronary vasodilation. Interaction of dihydroergotamine and coronary vasodilation.", "content": "The influence of dihydroergotamine on adenosine-induced and reactive coronary vasodilation. Interaction of dihydroergotamine and coronary vasodilation. The influence of dihydroergotamine on adenosine-induced and reactive vasodilation after long and short periods of coronary artery occlusion was investigated in thoracotomized dogs. Adenosine-induced vasodilation (intracoronary administration) and vasodilation after long periods of coronary artery occlusion (25-35 beats) were similarly influenced, i.e. decreased by the i.v. administration of 10 mug/kg dihydroergotamine. By contrast vasodilation after short periods of coronary artery occlusion (4-7 beats) tended to be increased. This difference in response is thought to arise from two distinct mechanisms of coronary vasodilation after coronary artery occlusion depending on the duration of the occlusion period. The vasodilation after short periods of coronary artery occlusion possibly corresponds to physiological autoregulation. With longer periods of coronary artery occlusion an additional, consecutive mechanism is called into action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016194"}
{"pmid": "1016193", "title": "Experimental hypothyroidism: depression of myocardial contractile function and hemodynamics and their reversibility by substitution with thyroid hormones.", "content": "Experimental hypothyroidism: depression of myocardial contractile function and hemodynamics and their reversibility by substitution with thyroid hormones. Hemodynamics and myocardial muscle mechanics have been studied in 22 euthyroid and 60 hypothyroid cats in which experimental hypothyroidism has been produced by thyroidectomy 61 days prior to the examination. Left ventricular to body weight ratio was altered due to a decrease in left ventricular weight and an increase in body weight. Heart rate, cardiac output and cardiac index were decreased (by 12-15 per cent), whereas stroke volume remained unchanges. Peak systolic pressure of the left ventricle was moderately decreased, the other pressures were in the normal range. There was a marked and significant reduction of isovolumic contractility indices indicating a depression of myocardial contractility in situ by 20-27 per cent. The isolated ventricular myocardium exhibited decreases of isotonic muscle shortening, of maximum isometric tension development and of the rates of both, isotonic shortening and isometric tension development by 12-35 per cent. Force-velocity relationships of contraction and relaxation were depressed to lower values of contraction and relaxation velocity as well as of maximum isometric muscle tension. The alterations in myocardial muscle mechanics and hemodynamics were completely reversible following substitution of the hypothyroid group with physiological doses of L-thyroxine (5 mug/kg/day for 8-18 days). Excess increases of parameters of myocardial performance were found following substitution of the hypothyroid group with L-thyroxine (500 mug/kg/day) in accordance with the induction of experimental hyperthyroidism in these animals. The results demonstrate impaired myocardial contractility and hemodynamics in experimental hypothyroidism. These changes are completely reversible by substitution with L-thyroxine in accordance with a reversible thyroid cardiomyopathy. The cellular mechanisms responsible for the altered cardiac activity in experimental hypothyroidism are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016193"}
{"pmid": "1016195", "title": "Effects of fendilin hydrochloride (sensit) on systemic and coronary hemodynamics and on retrograde coronary blood flow in dogs.", "content": "Effects of fendilin hydrochloride (sensit) on systemic and coronary hemodynamics and on retrograde coronary blood flow in dogs. Fendilin hydrochloride was tested in 9 normal anesthetized dogs and in 7 anesthetized dogs with acute coronary artery occlusion. The compound (1 mg/kg i.v.) caused a slight short lasting increase in coronary blood flow together with an increase in cardiac metabolic rate for oxygen of similar magnitude. There was no measurable effect on collateral conductance. No noteworthy effects on systemic hemodynamics were observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016195"}
{"pmid": "1016196", "title": "Studies on the regulation of myocardial blood flow in man. I.: Training effects on blood flow and metabolism of the healthy heart at rest and during standardized heavy exercise.", "content": "Studies on the regulation of myocardial blood flow in man. I.: Training effects on blood flow and metabolism of the healthy heart at rest and during standardized heavy exercise. In a comparative study 11 athletes and 11 untrained students were investigated at rest, of these 6 trained and 5 untrained individuals during exercise as well. Myocardial blood flow was measured by the argon method. Myocardial oxygen consumption, myocardial substrate uptake of glucose, lactate, and free fatty acids and cardiac output were determined by the direct Fick principle. Exercise was standardized according to 65% of an individual's maximal oxygen uptake (delta VO2 max). Coronary flow reserve was determined by dipyridamole injections. All measurements were made during hemodynamic and respiratory steady-state conditions with the subject in a supine position. At rest, myocardial blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption were significantly lower in trained subjects compared to the untrained ones. These differences were more pronounced during heavy exercise. They cannot be explained completely by hemodynamic parameters. - During exercise, myocardial substrate uptake shifted to a predominant lactate uptake of almost 90% of total substrate uptake. Total substrate uptake as well as lactate uptake correlated significantly with myocardial oxygen. - Coronary flow reserve was lower in the trained group. It is concluded that the heart muscle of a trained individual requires less energy at a given work load than in the untrained state.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016196"}
{"pmid": "1016214", "title": "Studies on live attenuated mumps vaccine. II. Follow-up study on the efficacy of Biken Vaccine.", "content": "Studies on live attenuated mumps vaccine. II. Follow-up study on the efficacy of Biken Vaccine. Clinical and serological follow-ups were made on 18 children for 3 years and on another 18 children for 4 years, after immunization against mumps by attenuated mumps vaccine; Biken vaccine. To evaluate the protective efficacy of the vaccine, matched controls were studied during the same period. Serological examinations revealed that 77% of the vaccinees and 93% of the controls were infected with mumps after close contacts with mumps patients. Regular mumps was contracted by 88% of the controls, but none of the vaccinees. There was no substantial decrease in the antibody titers in unexposed vaccinees after vaccination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016214"}
{"pmid": "1016216", "title": "Effect of hormone treatment on genital herpetic infection in mice.", "content": "Effect of hormone treatment on genital herpetic infection in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016216"}
{"pmid": "1016215", "title": "Antitumor effects of interferon on transplanted tumors in congenitally athymic nude mice.", "content": "Antitumor effects of interferon on transplanted tumors in congenitally athymic nude mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016215"}
{"pmid": "1016217", "title": "Isolation and purification of D-alanyl-meso-2, 6-diaminopimelic acid endopeptidase of Streptomyces L-3 enzyme using soluble substrates of known chemical structure from Lactobacillus plantarum cell wall digests.", "content": "Isolation and purification of D-alanyl-meso-2, 6-diaminopimelic acid endopeptidase of Streptomyces L-3 enzyme using soluble substrates of known chemical structure from Lactobacillus plantarum cell wall digests. D-alanyl-meso-2, 6-diaminopimelic acid (D-Alanyl-meso-A2pm) endopeptidase was isolated and purified from a crude Streptomyces L-3 enzyme preparation by ion exchange chromatography and isoelectric focusing in a density gradient. During its purification, its hydrolytic activity was assayed on cell walls of Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and soluble glycopeptides and peptides, of known chemical structures, prepared enzymatically from these cell walls. A fraction with an isoelectric point of pH 7.9 cleaved the bond between the carboxyl group of the D-alanine residue at the C-terminal in one peptide subunit and one of the two amino groups of the A2pm residue in the neighboring peptide subunit. Unlike the crude enzyme, the endopeptidase in this fraction showed no N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase, A2pm carboxyamide amidase or proteinase(s) activity and it was immunologically homogeneous.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016217"}
{"pmid": "1016218", "title": "Studies of the cell envelope of Vibrio para-haemolyticus A55: isolation and purification of bag-shaped peptidoglycan (murein sacculus).", "content": "Studies of the cell envelope of Vibrio para-haemolyticus A55: isolation and purification of bag-shaped peptidoglycan (murein sacculus). The peptidoglycan (PG) component of the envelope of Vibrio parahaemolyticus A55 was studied in relation to the salt dependency of the organism. A bag-shaped PG (murein sacculus) was isolated and purified by digestion of freshly harvested intact whole cells with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and then protease treatment. Whole cells lyze in salt-deficient or hypotonic conditions and this can be measured by turbidometry. Lysis is prevented by addition of 0.35 M NaCl or acidification to below pH 4.5. The isolated PG or murein sacculi did not seem to require salt for structural integrity. The PG obtained by the same method from subcellular fractions, that is, envelope fractions, prepared either with or without NaCl, was extensively fragmented. The main amino acids and amino sugars of the murein sacculus were glucosamine, muramic acid, alanine, glutamic acid, 2, 6-diamnopimelic acid (A2pm) in a molar ratio of 0.4:0.6:1.7:0.9:1.0. A polyglucose, which was only degraded by Pseudomonas isoamylase,and poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHBA) were found in the murein sacculus. The murein sacculus of the organism is discussed in comparison with PG of other gram negative bacteria and marine or halophilic microorganisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016218"}
{"pmid": "1016219", "title": "Genetic control of heat sensitivity and activity level of murine arylsulfatase B.", "content": "Genetic control of heat sensitivity and activity level of murine arylsulfatase B. BALB/c male mice possess twofold higher kidney p-nitrocatechol-SO4 arylsulfatase B than do A/HeJ male mice; however, their liver arylsulfatase activities are comparable. Twentyfold-purified kidney arylsulfatases B from these two strains have similar Michaelis constants, electrophoretic mobilities, pH optima, and inhibitor profiles; however, the BALB/c enzyme is more heat stable than the A/HeJ enzyme. BALB/c, C3H/HeJ, DBA/2J, and SWR/J mice share an autosomal allele, As-1a, which apparently determines the heat-stable arylsulfatase B, while A/HeJ and C57BL/6J mice possess the As-1b allele, which determines the heat-sensitive enzyme. A second autosomal locus, Asr-1, determines liver arylsulfatase B activity. C57BL/6J mice carry the Asr-1a allele, which results in high liver activities, while C3H/HeJ mice are homozygous for the low-activity allele, Asr-1b. Male mice generally have 30-40% higher kidney activities than females; however, female kidney arylsulfatase activities rise and actually surpass those of males during late pregnancy and lactation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016219"}
{"pmid": "1016221", "title": "Multiple structural genes for the alpha chain of canine (Canis familiaris) hemoglobin.", "content": "Multiple structural genes for the alpha chain of canine (Canis familiaris) hemoglobin. There are two forms of the alpha chain of canine hemoglobin differing only at residue 130. One form (taualpha) contains threonine at this position, the other (Aalpha) contains alanine. Studies of two Labrador dog families strongly support the existance of multiple alpha-chain structural genes as the basis of the alpha-chain heterogeneity. There must be at least one gene locus for Talpha and one for Aalpha; the exact number of loci has not been determined. Two other dog breeds, the Basenji and the Beagle, also have both Talpha and Aalpha chains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016221"}
{"pmid": "1016220", "title": "The enzymatic deficiency conditioned by the shrunken-1 mutations in maize.", "content": "The enzymatic deficiency conditioned by the shrunken-1 mutations in maize. Evidence is presented to show that the Sh locus specifies sucrose synthetase in the developing endosperm of maize. The sh/sh/sh endosperm possesses less than 10% sucrose synthetase activity as compared to the normal Sh/sh/sh endosperm. The residual enzyme activity in five independently derived mutant genotypes is attributable to a protein molecule of different electrophoretic and immunochemical specificities that is presumably independent of the sh locus. Sucrose synthetase activity in the embryo in both the genotypes is electrophoretically indistinguishable from the one present in the mutant endosperm. Mutant endosperm has a reduced starch content as compared to the normal. This observation constitutes genetic evidence supporting a critical role for sucrose synthetase in starch biosynthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016220"}
{"pmid": "1016224", "title": "Chromosome number and flavonoid synthesis in Briza L. (Gramineae).", "content": "Chromosome number and flavonoid synthesis in Briza L. (Gramineae). Following a recent reidentification of the apigenin C-glycosides in diploid Briza media, the luteolin C-glycosides were reexamined and three acylated derivatives of a luteolin C-glycoside were found. In an attempt to identify the chromosome or group of chromosomes responsible for the change in flavonoid synthesis from 4'-hydroxy- in diploid plants to 3',4'-dihydroxyflavone C-glycosides in autotetraploid plants, leaf flavonoids of artificially produced aneuploids of B. media were examined. Among these plants three different leaf flavonoid profiles were recognized: diploid, tetraploid, and a \"modified\" tetraploid pattern. All the aneuploids with the normal or \"modified\" tetraploid pattern were trisomic for one of the small acrocentric chromosomes. Induced polyploids of other Briza species were usually found to have similar flavonoid patterns in the two chromosome races. Flavonoid sulfates were found in three South American species but are absent from all the European species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016224"}
{"pmid": "1016222", "title": "Analysis of repetitive DNA in three species of Gossypium.", "content": "Analysis of repetitive DNA in three species of Gossypium. The rate of reassociation of denatured DNA was determined for two selected diploid species, Gossypium thurberi (D genome) and G. arboreum (A genome), and one allotetraploid species, G. hirsutum (AD genome). The relative genome size and DNA content of the chromosomes of the diploids were A greater than D. Renaturation curves indicated that the differences in genome sizes were due primarily to the repetitive DNA content.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016222"}
{"pmid": "1016225", "title": "Identification of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosomes with genes controlling the level of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and acid proteinase using the Chinese Spring-Hope substitution lines.", "content": "Identification of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) chromosomes with genes controlling the level of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and acid proteinase using the Chinese Spring-Hope substitution lines. The levels of nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and acid proteinase were compared in the primary leaves of 8-day-old wheat seedlings of Chinese Spring, Hope, and the 21 disomic substitution lines of Hope in Chinese Spring. Two chromosomes, 7B and 7D, were considered to contain genes controlling the level of nitrate reductase. Substitution of Hope chromosome 7B caused a highly significant increase in the in vitro stability of nitrate reductase. Nitrite reductase appeared to be controlled by two major genes, located on chromosomes 4D and 7D, and two minor genes, located on chromosomes 3D and 5A. In the case of acid proteinase, substitution of chromosome 1D caused a significant reduction in enzyme activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016225"}
{"pmid": "1016223", "title": "Allelic expression in intergeneric fox hybrids (Alopex lagopus x Vulpes vulpes). I. Comparative electrophoretic studies on blood enzymes and proteins in arctic and silver foxes.", "content": "Allelic expression in intergeneric fox hybrids (Alopex lagopus x Vulpes vulpes). I. Comparative electrophoretic studies on blood enzymes and proteins in arctic and silver foxes. Twenty-seven blood enzymes and proteins, whose structures are presumably controlled by at least 33 genes, were assayed in Arctic and silver foxes by starch gel electrophoresis. Two types of protein and enzyme electrophoretic patterns were distinguished: one exhibiting a single enzyme, the other several isozymes. The two fox species were found to differ in seven of the 27 enzymes and proteins studied: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, adenylate kinase, erythrocyte carboxylesterase, diaphorase, prealbumin, transferrin, and albumin. No differences were established between the species for the other enzymes and proteins. The data are interpreted as evidence for the existance of a set of enzymes and proteins differentiating the Arctic from the silver fox.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016223"}
{"pmid": "1016227", "title": "Correlation between structural variation and activity of murine kidney beta-galactosidase: implications for genetic control.", "content": "Correlation between structural variation and activity of murine kidney beta-galactosidase: implications for genetic control. Two closely linked regulatory genes have been reported to control activity levels of beta-galactosidases in murine tissues. The specific effects of these genes on murine glycolipid metabolism have not been elucidated. A/HeJ kidney 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-galactosidase exhibited lower thermostability than the corresponding C57BL/6J and SWR/J enzymes. This altered response to heat segregated with the Bgsh allele among progeny derived from backcrosses of F1 (A/HeJ; SWR/J) mice to the respective parental strains. Restriction of the heat-sensitive A/HeJ beta-galactosidase to kidney tissue suggests that it is not determined by the Bgs locus, since the latter appears to be expressed in all tissues. More likely, the Bgs region of chromosome 9 contains a gene cluster consisting of a number of regulatory and structural loci. The proposed structural genes share affinity for the artificial substrates commonly employed for their assay but may differ in their relative affinities for glycosphingolipid substrates. Presence of the Bgsh allele results in an increase of kidney GM1-ganglioside-beta-galactosidase; however, galactosylceramide-beta-galactosidase appears unaffected by this allele.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016227"}
{"pmid": "1016226", "title": "Genetic control and distribution of leucine aminopeptidase in the cultivated chenopods (Chenopodium) and related weed taxa.", "content": "Genetic control and distribution of leucine aminopeptidase in the cultivated chenopods (Chenopodium) and related weed taxa. Isozymes of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) in leaf tissue of the cultivated chenopods (Chenopodium quinoa and C. nuttalliae) and their sympatric weedy relatives (C. hircinum and C. berlandieri) can be electrophoretically resolved into a sum total of five anodally migrating bands. These are the products of two unlinked gene loci which apparently reflect genetic duplication via allotetraploidy. Accessions from the Andean and Mexican areas of cultivation are characterized by a lack of electrophoretically detectable variation. Andean weed and cultigen accessions appear to be genetically identical at both Lap loci, as do weed and cultigen material from Mexico. The two cultigens, and their sympatric weeds, can be differentiated by variation at the Lap-B locus, whereas they are monomorphic at Lap-A. This locus is, however, highly polymorphic in weedy C. berlandieri populations of western North America.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016226"}
{"pmid": "1016228", "title": "On the detection of functional and structural enzyme mutants by coordinated affinity chromatography and isoelectric focusing.", "content": "On the detection of functional and structural enzyme mutants by coordinated affinity chromatography and isoelectric focusing. A method of studying structural and functional heterogeneity of enzymes has been developed and tested on chymotrypsin. The enzyme, prepared from single mouse pancreata, has been fractionated with respect to function and charge content by a combination of affinity chromatography and isoelectric focusing. By comparing chymotrypsin isolated from isogenic strains, chymotrypsinogen of strains A/Sn and NZB was found to be genetically heterogeneous, thus not revealed as different chymotrypsin forms of a single zymogen. Chymotrypsinogen originating from two loci was investigated, and structural and functional differences of the corresponding enzymes were determined. At both loci, structural allelomorphism was indicated. At one locus, the structural heterogeneity was also found to be reflected in functional heterogeneity of the corresponding enzymes. By mating the two strains and fractionating the enzyme of the cross, the differences were shown to be inherited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016228"}
{"pmid": "1016231", "title": "Genetic study of pancreatic proteinase in mice (Mus musculus): linkage of the Prt-2 locus on chromosome 8.", "content": "Genetic study of pancreatic proteinase in mice (Mus musculus): linkage of the Prt-2 locus on chromosome 8. The Prt-2 locus is linked with Es-1 and Es-2 loci on chromosome 8 (linkage group XVIII). Recombination frequencies were 8.2% between Es-1 and Es-2 12.7% between Es-1 and Prt-2, and 4.5% between Es-2 and Prt-2. From these data, the map position of Prt-2 has been estimated on chromosome 8. The Prt-1 and Prt-3 loci, which are linked very closely on the same chromosome, were not determined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016231"}
{"pmid": "1016230", "title": "Gene action in fish of tetraploid origin. V. Cellular RNA and protein content and enzyme activities in cyprinid, clupeoid, and salmonoid species.", "content": "Gene action in fish of tetraploid origin. V. Cellular RNA and protein content and enzyme activities in cyprinid, clupeoid, and salmonoid species. The ratio of cellular RNA and protein content is about 1:1 between phylogenetically diploid and tetraploid species of the teleost family Cyprinidae, but is roughly in proportion to ploidy in species of the teleost order Isospondyli. Enzyme activities do not unequivocally comply with this scheme. These findings are discussed in view of the hypothesis that a regulatory mechanism which reduces genic activity has evolved in the tetraploid cyprinids but not in the tetraploid species of the order Isopondyli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016230"}
{"pmid": "1016229", "title": "An investigation of the products of 53 gene loci in three species of wild Canidae: Canis lupus, Canis latrans, and Canis familiaris.", "content": "An investigation of the products of 53 gene loci in three species of wild Canidae: Canis lupus, Canis latrans, and Canis familiaris. This article describes an investigation of inter- and intraspecific variation in three small populations of wild Canidae-wolf, coyote, and dingo. The products of 53 gene loci were examined. Very little interspecies variation was observed, but the level of intraspecific variation was compatible with that found in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016229"}
{"pmid": "1016232", "title": "Demonstration of a new mammalian isoleucine catabolic pathway yielding an Rseries of metabolites.", "content": "Demonstration of a new mammalian isoleucine catabolic pathway yielding an Rseries of metabolites. 1. Normal human urine contains small amounts (less than 4 mg/g of creatinine) of 2-ethylhydracrylic acid, formed, we believe, by a previously undisclosed endogenous catabolic pathway for the oxidation of a newly described series of R metabolites of isoleucine. 2. Urinary excretion of 2-ethylhydracrylic acid is variably increased in defects of isoleucine oxidation at distal steps in the catabolic pathway (3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase deficiency and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase deficiency) and is diminished when proximal steps of the oxidative pathway are blocked as in branched-chain oxo acid decarboxylase deficiency ('maple-syrup-urine' disease). 3. Precursors of R-pathway metabolites [R(-)-2-methylbutyrate and 2-ethylacrylate ] lead to increased 2-ethylhydracrylate excretion in the mammal(rat, rabbit and dog); the corresponding S metabolites [S(+)-2-methylbutyric acid and tiglic acid ], when given in equimolar amounts, have little effect on its excretion, suggesting that little or no interconversion between S and R metabolites occurs in vivo. 4. Studies with 2H-labelled precursors indicate that conversion of R 2-methylbutyrate into 2-ethylhydracrylic acid occurs by a direct pathway (apparently via 2-ethylacrylic acid). 5. The further oxidation of 2-ethylhydracrylic acid to ethylmalonic acid was demonstrated, and may be analogous to S-metabolite oxidation via methyl malonate. 6. Valine metabolites do not interact with the R=isoleucine pathway under the conditions of these experiments in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016232"}
{"pmid": "1016233", "title": "Radioactive labelling of ribosomal proteins with reductive alkylation and its use in studying ribosome-cytosol interactions.", "content": "Radioactive labelling of ribosomal proteins with reductive alkylation and its use in studying ribosome-cytosol interactions. Mouse brain ribosomes were radioactively labelled by a cell-free reductive alkylation reaction with NaBH4 and [14C]formaldehyde. The radioactivity was largely associated with ribosomal proteins, but little, if any, of the rRNA was radioactive after the alkylation procedure. Both ribosomal structural proteins and loosely associated components were successfully labelled by this procedure. The sedimentation properties of the ribosomes were unaltered and their ability to carry out poly(U)-directed protein synthesis, although decreased, was largely retained. Incubation of 14C-labelled ribosomes with brain cytosol resulted in a 17% loss of radioactivity, although treatment of the ribosomes with 1.0 m-KCl to remove the loosely associated factors rendered the ribonucleoprotein particles resistant to cytosol effects. The ribosome-cytosol interactions did not appear to be related to an exchange process, since the released radioactivity was largely degraded to acid-soluble material. In addition, the incubation of native ribosomes with brain cytosol resulted in an almost complete loss in the ability of the ribosomes to participate in cell-free protein synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016233"}
{"pmid": "1016234", "title": "The effect of calcium ions on testosterone production in Leydig cells from rat testis.", "content": "The effect of calcium ions on testosterone production in Leydig cells from rat testis. Leydig-cell suspensions, prepared from rat testes, were incubated with different amounts of Ca2+ with and without added luteinizing hormone. The basal testosterone production in the absence of luteinizing hormone was unaffected by the Ca2+ concentration in the incubation medium. The luteinizing hormone-stimulated testosterone production, however, was progressively decreased in the absence of Ca2+ to one-third of that with 2.50 mM-Ca2+. This decrease in luteinizing hormone-stimulated testosterone production was independent of the different concentrations of luteinizing hormone (0-10mug/ml) used and could be restored by the addition of Ca2+ to the incubation medium. The restoration of the stimulation was achieved within 30 min after the addition of Ca2+ to the medium. Activation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase by luteinizing hormone was not decreased by omission of Ca2+ from the incubation medium, suggesting that Ca2+ may be involved in steroidogenesis at a stage beyond the luteinizing hormone receptor-adenylate cyclase-protein kinase system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016234"}
{"pmid": "1016235", "title": "Total plasmalogens and O-(acylalkylglycerophosphoryl) ethanolamine from labelled hexadecanol and palmitate during hypoxia and anoxia in rat heart.", "content": "Total plasmalogens and O-(acylalkylglycerophosphoryl) ethanolamine from labelled hexadecanol and palmitate during hypoxia and anoxia in rat heart. By the use of the Langendorff technique, surviving isolated rat hearts were perfused with [1-14 C] palmitate, [1-14C] hexadecanol or [1-14C,1-3H] hexadecanol under normal or anoxic conditions. After perfusion for 30min with either precursor, when oxygenated or in an hypoxic condition, or when 1mM-KCN was included in the system, the heart tissues showed no significant chemical changes in their content of total lipids, total phospholipids or total ethanolamine-containing phospholipids. Changes were observed in the ratio of alkyl-to alk-1-enyl-glycerophosphorylethanolamine in the tissue perfused with N2+CO1 plus CN-. A slight increase from 4.0+/-0.3 to 4.9+/-0.2% in alkyl derivatives and a decrease from 11.2+/-0.4 to 9.4+/-0.3% in alk-1-enyl derivatives was observed. The incorporation of the [14C] palmitate and the [14C] hexadecanol into the recovered phospholipids and plasmalogens was severely decreased in the tissues perfused with CN-: in the hypoxic state only a mild inhibition was observed compared with the oxygenated systems. Considerable 3H from [1-14C, 1-3H] hexadecanol was retained (25-35%) in the alk-1-enylether chains of plasmalogens under both the oxygenated conditions and with CN-, suggesting that the same mechanism of incorporation is operational at high or low O2 concentrations. The results are consistent with an O2-dependent, CN-sensitive step in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens in the rat heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016235"}
{"pmid": "1016236", "title": "Intranuclear maturation pathways of rat liver ribosomal ribonucleic acids.", "content": "Intranuclear maturation pathways of rat liver ribosomal ribonucleic acids. The maturation of pre-rRNA (precursor to rRNA)in liver nuclei is studied by agar/ureagel electrophoresis, kinetics of labelling in vivo with [14C] orotate and electron-microscopic observation of secondary structure of RNA molecules. (1) Processing starts from primary pre-rRNA molecules with average mol. wt. 4.6X10(6)(45S) containing the segments of both 28S and 18S rRNA. These molecules form a heterogeneous peak on electrophoresis. The 28S rRNA segment is homogeneous in its secondary structure. However, the large transcribed spacer segment (presumably at the 5'-end) is heterogeneous in size and secondary structure. A minor early labelled RNA component with mol.wt. about 5.8X10(6) is reproducibly found, but its role as a pre-rRNA species remains to be determined. (2) The following intermediate pre-rRNA species are identified: 3.25X10(6) mol.wt.(41S), a precursor common to both mature rRNA species ; 2.60X10(6)(36S) and 2.15X10(6)(32S) precursors to 28S rRNA; 1.05X10(6) (21S) precursor to 18S rRNA. The pre-rRNA molecules in rat liver are identical in size and secondary structure with those observed in other mammalian cells. These results suggest that the endonuclease-cleavage sites along the pre-rRNA chain are identical in all mammalian cells. (3) Labelling kinetics and the simultaneous existence of both 36S and 21S pre-rRNA reveal that processing of primary pre-rRNA in adult rat liver occurs simultaneously by at least two major pathways: (i) 45S leads to 41S leads to 32S+21S leads to 28S+18S rRNA and (ii) 45S leads to 41S leads to 36S+18S leads to 32S leads to 28S rRNA. The two pathways differ by the temporal sequence of endonuclease attack along the 41 S pre-rRNA chain. A minor fraction (mol.wt.2.9X10(6), 39S) is identified as most likely originating by a direct split of 28S rRNA from 45S pre-rRNA. These results show that in liver considerable flexibility exists in the order of cleavage of pre-rRNA molecules during processing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016236"}
{"pmid": "1016237", "title": "Re-activation of the peptidyltransferase centre of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes after inactivation by exposure to low concentrations of magnesium ion.", "content": "Re-activation of the peptidyltransferase centre of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes after inactivation by exposure to low concentrations of magnesium ion. 1. The larger subrivosomal particles of rabbit reticulocytes retained full activity in the puromycin reaction and in poly(U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis after 4h at 0 degrees C when buffered 0.5M-NH4Cl/10-30mM-MgCl2 was the solvent. 2. Activity in the puromycin reaction was diminished to approx 10% after 15-30 min at 0 degrees C when the concentration of MgCl2 was lowered to 2mM. 3. Activity was not restored when the concentration of MgCl2 was raised from 2mM to 10-30 mM at 0 degrees C. However, activity was recovered as measured by both assay systems when the ribosome fraction was heated to 37 degrees C at the higher concentrations of MgCl2. 4. Recovery of activity was noted during the course of the polyphenylalanine synthesis in 50 mM-KCl/5mM-MgCl2/25mM-Tris/HCl, pH 7.6, at 37 degrees C. Re-activation was slow at 20 degrees C and below. 5. No more than about 5% of the protein moiety of the subparticle was lost in 0.5M-NH4Cl on decreasing MgCl2 concentration from 10mM to 2mM. No proteins were detected in the supernatant fractions by gel electrophoresis after ribosomes were separated by differential centrifugation. The supernatant fraction was not essential for the recovery of activity. However, at higher (e.g. 1M) concentrations of NH4Cl, proteins were split from the subparticle. 6. The loss and regain of activity found on lowering and restoring the concentration of MgCl2 at 0.5M-NH4Cl appears to arise from a conformational change that does not seem to be associated with a loss and regain of particular proteins. 7. A 2% decrease in E260 was noticed when the concentration of Mg2+ was restored, and the change in the spectrum indicated a net increase of approx. 100A-U base-pairs per subribosomal particle. 8. When the concentration of Mg2+ was restored, S20,W of the subparticle remained at 52+/- 1S until the sample was incubated at 37 degrees C when S20,W increased to 56 +/- 1S compared with the value of 58 +/- 1S for the subparticle as originally isolated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016237"}
{"pmid": "1016238", "title": "Reassembly of the peptidyltransferase centre of larger subparticles of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes from a core-particle and split-protein fraction.", "content": "Reassembly of the peptidyltransferase centre of larger subparticles of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomes from a core-particle and split-protein fraction. We report the reconstruction, from a core-particle and split-protein fraction, of the larger subribosomal particle of rabbit reticulocytes. The reassembled particle was active in polyphenylalanine synthesis and in the puromycin reaction. The core-particles and split-protein fractions were obtained by treatment of the larger subparticle with salt solutions containing NH4+ and Mg2+ in the molar ratio 40:1 over the range 2.25-2.75 M-NH4Cl/56-69mM-MgCl2 at 0 degrees C. This treatment led to the loss of about eight proteins (approx. 17% of the protein moiety), which were found wholly or largely in the split-protein fraction as shown by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The core particle retained 5S rRNA and had much decreased (no more than 10% of control) ability to function in the puromycin reaction or in poly (U)-directed polyphenylalanine synthesis. Activity was recovered when the recombined core-particle and split-protein fractions were dialysed overnight at 4 degrees C against 0.3M-NH4Cl/15mM-MgCl2/1mM-dithiothreitol/15% (v/v) glycerol/20mM-Tris/HCl, pH 7.6, and then heated for 1 h at 37 degreesEES C. The recovery was 40-80% of the original activity. Raising the concentration of MgCL2 to 300 mM in 2.5 M-NH4CL led to the removal of seven rather than eight proteins, and the core particle remained active in the puromycin reaction. We infer that the protein retained by raising the concentration of Mg2+ is an essential component of the peptidyltransferase centre of the ribosome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016238"}
{"pmid": "1016240", "title": "Degradation of hepatic zinc-thionein after parenteral zinc administration.", "content": "Degradation of hepatic zinc-thionein after parenteral zinc administration. A low-molecular-weight protein, zinc-thionein, a metallothionein, was implicated as having a regulatory function in zinc metabolism. The half-life (t 1/2) of hepatic zinc-thionein was determined by pulse-labelling with either L-[35S] cystine and/or 65Zn. In two experiments with L-[35S]cystine, the t 1/2 of zinc-thionein was 18h and 19h. Most of the soluble 35S-labelled hepatic proteins had a t 1/2 of 4 days. The t 1/2 of zinc-thionein calculated by using 65Zn was 20h. The close similarity between the calculated and measured t 1/2 values for zinc-thionein suggests that release of Zn2+ from zinc-thionein probably occurs simultaneously with degradation of the protein moiety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016240"}
{"pmid": "1016241", "title": "Tryptophan concentrations in rat brain. Failure to correlate with free serum tryptophan or its ratio to the sum of other serum neutral amino acids.", "content": "Tryptophan concentrations in rat brain. Failure to correlate with free serum tryptophan or its ratio to the sum of other serum neutral amino acids. Groups of rats were deprived of food overnight and then given free access to diets designed to raise (carbohydrate) or lower (carbohydrate and large neutral amino acids) brain tryptophan concentrations. Similar diets were supplemented with 40% fat and fed to other groups. All animals were killed 2h after food presentation. Sera from animals fed carbohydrate plus fat contained 2.5 times as much free tryptophan concentrations did not differ. Similarly, sera from rats fed on carbohydrate, large neutral amino acids, and 40% fat contained 5 times as much free tryptophan as those from rats given this meal without fat, but brain tryptophan concentrations increased by only 26%. Correlations were made between brain tryptophan and (1) free serum tryptophan, (2) the ratio of free serum tryptophan to the sum of the other large neutral amino acids in serum that compete with it for uptake into the brain, (3) total serum tryptophan or (4) the ratio of total serum tryptophan to the sum of its circulating competitors. The r values for correlations (3) and (4) (i.e. those involving total serum tryptophan) were appreciably higher than those for correlations (1) and (2). Brain tyrosine concentrations also were found to correlate well with the ratio of serum tyrosine to the sum of its competitors. Competition for uptake into the brain among large neutral amino acids (represented here by serum ratios) thus appears to determine the changes in the brain concentrations of these amino acids under physiological conditions(i.e. after food consumption). Total, not free, serum tryptophan is the relevant index for predicting brain tryptophan concentrations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016241"}
{"pmid": "1016242", "title": "A quantitative study of pinocytosis and lysosome function in experimentally induced lysosomal storage.", "content": "A quantitative study of pinocytosis and lysosome function in experimentally induced lysosomal storage. The highly pinocytic epithelial cells of the visceral yolk sac from 17.5-day rat conceptuses were used as a model in which to induce engorgement of the vacuolar system by direct accumulation of substances that are not hydrolysed by lysosomal enzymes. The ultra-structural appearances of these cells in pregnant animals that 24-48h before had received intraperitoneal injections of Triton WR-1339, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dextran or sucrose revealed gross abnormalities that were confined to the vacuolar system; in comparison with normal tissue the number, and in some cases the size, of vacuoles was increased, leading to close packing within the apical cytoplasm and distortion of the normal rounded shape. By culturing yolk sacs in vitro, rates of ingestion of 125I-labelled polyvinylpyrrolidone and of 125I-labelled bovine serum albumin were determined, together with the rate of digestion of the labelled protein. The rates of exocytosis of 125I-labelled polyvinylpyrrolidone and of lysosomal enzymes were also determined. No significant differences between normal and highly vacuolated tissues were found. Apparently marked vacuolation of these cells by these agents is without significant effect on pinocytosis, exocytosis or intralysosomal proteolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016242"}
{"pmid": "1016243", "title": "Latency of some glycosidases of rat liver lysosomes.", "content": "Latency of some glycosidases of rat liver lysosomes. The latency of the alpha-glucosidase activity of intact rat liver lysosomes was studied by using four substrates (glycogen, maltose, p-nitrophenyl, alpha-glucoside, alpha-fluoroglucoside) at a range of substrate concentrations. The results indicate that the entire lysosome population is impermeable to glycogen and maltose, but a proportion of lysosomes are permeable to alpha-fluoroglucoside and a still higher proportion permeable to p-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside. Incubation at 37 degrees C in an osmotically protected buffer of of pH 5.0 caused lysosomes to become permeable to previously impermeant substrates and ultimately to release their alpha-glucosidase into the medium. The latencies of lysosomal beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase were examined by using p-nitrophenyl beta-glucoside and beta-galactoside as substrates. The results indicate permeability properties to these substrates similar to that to p-nitrophenyl alpha-glucoside. On incubation in an osmotically protected buffer of pH 5, lysosomes progressively released their beta-galactosidase in soluble form, but beta-glucosidase remained attached to sedimentable material. Lysosomal beta-glucosidase was inhibited by 0.1% Triton X-100; alpha-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase were not inhibited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016243"}
{"pmid": "1016245", "title": "Platelet-aggregating activity of type I and type III collagens from human aorta and chicken skin.", "content": "Platelet-aggregating activity of type I and type III collagens from human aorta and chicken skin. Human or chicken type III collagen dissolved in 0.1 M-acetic acid was much more potent than type I collagen at inducing platelet aggregation. After incubation in 0.38M-Na2HPO4 to promote fibrillogenesis, the platelet-aggregating activity of both collagen types increased, and type I was then virtually equiactive with type III. Preincubation in cell-free plasma increased the activity of chicken but not that of human collagen. The platelet-aggregating activity of type III collagen did not appear to depend on the integrity of the intrachain disulphide bonds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016245"}
{"pmid": "1016239", "title": "Developmental changes in purine phosphoribosyltransferases in human and rat tissues.", "content": "Developmental changes in purine phosphoribosyltransferases in human and rat tissues. 1. The hypoxanthine/guanine and adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activities in a wide variety of human tissues were studied during their growth and development from foetal life onward. A wide range of activities develop after birth, with especially high values in the central nervous system and testes. 2. Postnatal development of hypoxanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase was also defined in the rat. Although there were increases in the central nervous system and testes, there was also a rise in activity in the liver, which was less marked in man. 3. A sensitive radiochemical assay method, using dTTP to inhibit 5'-nucleotidase activity, suitable for tissue extracts, was developed. 4. No definite evidence of the existence of tissue-specific isoenzymes of hypoxanthine/guanine or adenine phosphoribosyltransferase was found. Hypoxanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase in testes, however, had a significantly different thermal-denaturation rate constant. 5. The findings are discussed in an attempt to relate activity of hypoxanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase to biological function. Growth as well as some developmental changes appear to be related to increase in the activity of this enzyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016239"}
{"pmid": "1016244", "title": "Effect of L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid on glycosylations of collagen in chick-embryo tendon cells.", "content": "Effect of L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid on glycosylations of collagen in chick-embryo tendon cells. The glycosylations of hydroxylysine during collagen biosynthesis in isolated chick-embryo tendon cells were studied by using pulse-chase labelling experiments with [14C]-lysine. The hydroxylation of lysine and the glycosylations of hydroxylysine continued after a 5 min pulse label for up to about 10 min during the chase period. These data differ from those obtained previously in isolated chick-embryo cartilage cells, in which, after a similar 5 min pulse label, these reactions continued during the chase period for up to about 20 min. The collagen synthesized by the isolated chick-embryo tendon cells differed markedly from the type I collagen of adult tissues in its degree of hydroxylation of lysine residues and glycosylations of hydroxylysine residues. When the isolated tendon cells were incubated in the presence of L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, the degree of glycosylations of hydroxylysine during the first 10 min of the chase period was identical with that in cells incubated without thcarboxylic acid for at least 60 min, whereas no additional glycosylations took place in the control cells after the 10 min time-point. As a consequence, the collagen synthesized in the presence of this compound contained more carbohydrate than did the collagen synthesized by the control cells. Additional experiments indicated that azetidine-2-carboxylic acid did not increase the collagen glycosyltransferase activities in the tendon cells or the rate of glycosylation reactions when added directly to the enzyme incubation mixture. Control experiments with colchicine indicated that the delay in the rate of collagen secretion, which was observed in the presence of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, did not in itself affect the degree of glycosylations of collagen. The results thus suggest that the increased glycosylations were due to inhibition of the collagen triple-helix formation, which is known to occur in the presence of azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016244"}
{"pmid": "1016246", "title": "Effect of maternal ethanol consumption on foetal and neonatal rat hepatic protein synthesis.", "content": "Effect of maternal ethanol consumption on foetal and neonatal rat hepatic protein synthesis. Effects of maternal ethanol consumption were investigated on the rates of protein synthehsis by livers of foetal and neonatal rats both in vivo and in vitro, and on the activities of enzymes involved in protein synthesis and degradation. The rates of general protein synthesis by ribosomes in vitro studied by measuring the incorporation of [14C]leucine into ribosomal protein showed that maternal ethanol consumption resulted in an inhibition of the rates of protein synthesis by both foetal and neonatal livers from the ethanol-fed group. The rates of incorporation of intravenously injected [14C]leucine into hepatic proteins were also significantly lower in the foetal, neonatal and adult livers from the ethanol-fed group. Incubation of adult-rat liver slices with ethanol resulted in an inhibition of the incorporation of [14C]leucine into hepatic proteins; however, this effect was not observed in the foetal liver slices. This effect of externally added ethanol was at least partially prevented by the addition of pyrazole to the adult liver slices. Pyrazole addition to foetal liver slices was without significant effect on the rates of protein synthesis. Cross-mixing experiments showed that the capacity of both hepatic ribosomes and pH5 enzyme fractions to synthesize proteins was decreased in the foetal liver from the ethanol-fed group. Maternal ethanol consumption resulted in a decrease in hepatic total RNA content, RNA/DNA ratio and ribosomal protein content in the foetal liver. Foetal hepatic DNA content was not significantly affected. Ethanol consumption resulted in a significant decrease in proteolytic activity and the activity of tryptophan oxygenase in the foetal, neonatal and adult livers. It is possible that the mechanisms of inhibition of protein synthesis observed here in the foetal liver after maternal ethanol consumption may be responsible for at least some of the changes observed in 'foetal alcohol syndrome'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016246"}
{"pmid": "1016247", "title": "A proposed sequence of hormones controlling the induction of luteal 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and progesterone withdrawal in the late-pregnant rat.", "content": "A proposed sequence of hormones controlling the induction of luteal 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase and progesterone withdrawal in the late-pregnant rat. 1. The previously reported induction of luteal 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase by administration of aminoglutethimide to late-pregnant rats was shown to be unaffected by prior removal of the foetuses. Aminoglutethimide therefore does not act via the foetuses in this context. 2. The ability of injected oestrogen to prevent the above induction was lost by delaying the injection for 12h after aminoglutethimide, although the increase in enzyme activity begins only after 24h. 3. Induction of 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase by foetoplacental removal on day 18 of pregnancy was inhibited by human choriogonadotropin, lutropin (luteinizing hormone) and pregnant-mare serum gonadotropin, but not by somatotropin (growth hormone), thyrotropin or follitropin (follicle-stimulating hormone) 4. Indomethacin blocked the normal induction of 20alpha-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase in late pregnancy and that caused by aminoglutethimide. It partially blocked that caused by human choriogonadotropin given on days 19-20 and that caused by 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine on days 5-6, but failed to block that caused by human choriogonadotropin on days 15-16 or by foetoplacental removal on day 18 of pregnancy. 5. These findings, and the control of progesterone synthesis in late pregnancy, are interpreted in terms of a sequence of hormonal or enzymic syntheses, each of which is inhibited by the product of the preceding synthesis. Several experiments were conducted to explain the natural induction of 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20alpha-HSD) at the end of pregnancy in the rat. It has previously been showh that aminoglutethimide induces luteal 20alpha-HSD in  late-pregnancy in the absence of fetuses.  When estrone is injected within 6 hours of the administration of aminoglutethimide, the induction of 20alpha-HSD is prevented. However, this effect is lost if estrone is injected after 6 hours, even though 20alpha-HSD activity does not begin  until 24 hours after administration of aminoglutethimide. Human chorionic gonadotropin, luteinizing hormone, and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin, but not somatotropin, thyrotropin or follicle stimulating hormone, inhibited induction of  20alpha-HSD by fetoplacental removal on Day 18 of pregnancy. Normal and aminoglutethimide induction of 20alpha-HSD was blocked by indomethacin.  Indomethacin partially blocked the induction of 20alpha-HSD by human chorionic gonadotropin administered on Days 19-20 of pregnancy and that induced by 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine on Days 5-6, but had no effect on the induction of enzyme  activity by human chorionic gonadotropin on Days 15-16 or by fetoplacental removal on Day 18 of pregnancy. The results are explained in regards to a sequence of hormonal or enzymic syntheses, each of which is inhibited by the result of the  preceding synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016247"}
{"pmid": "1016248", "title": "The glycerol phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and monoacylglycerol pathways of glycerolipid synthesis in rat adipose-tissue homogenates.", "content": "The glycerol phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and monoacylglycerol pathways of glycerolipid synthesis in rat adipose-tissue homogenates. 1. Fat-free homogenates from the epididymal fat-pads of rats were used to measure the rate of palmitate esterification with different substrates. The effectiveness of the acyl acceptors decreased in the order glycerol phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, 2-octadecenyl-glycerol and 2-hexadecylglycerol. 2. Glycerol phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate inhibited their rates of esterification in a mutually competitive manner. 3. The esterification of glycerol phosphate was also inhibited in a partially competitive manner by 2-octadecenylglycerol and to a lesser extent by 2-hexadecylglycerol. However, glycerol phosphate did not inhibit the esterification of 2-octadecenylglycerol. 4. The esterification of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 2-hexadecylglycerol was more sensitive to inhibition by clofenapate than was that of glycerol phosphate. Norfenfluramine was more effective in inhibiting the esterification of 2-hexadecylglycerol than that of glycerol phosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate. 5 It is concluded that rat adipose tissue can synthesize glycerolipids by three independent routes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016248"}
{"pmid": "1016249", "title": "The effects of diet on the esterification of glycerol phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 2-hexadecylglycerol by homogenates of rat adipose tissue.", "content": "The effects of diet on the esterification of glycerol phosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate and 2-hexadecylglycerol by homogenates of rat adipose tissue. 1. Male rats were fed for 5 weeks after weaning on a diet containing (by weight) 59% of starch or on diets that contained 39% of starch and 20% of either sucrose, beef tallow or corn oil. 2. The rats fed on the beef tallow consumed more energy than did the rats fed on the starch and sucrose diets. The rats fed on the corn oil drank less water than did the other groups of rats. 3. There were no significant differences between the four groups in terms of body-weight gain, epididymal-fat-pad weight and in the size, number and triacylglycerol content of the adipocytes in the fat-pads. 4. There was a significant correlation (P less than 0.001) between the activities of glycerol phosphate acyltransferase and monoacylglycerol acyltransferase in individual rats. Both of these activities were highest in the group fed on the high-starch diet and both correlated with the consumption of glucose by individual rats in the four groups. 5. The percentage of glycerol phosphate converted into diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol was positively correlated with the mean diameters, surface area and triacylglycerol content of the adipocytes for individual rats and was greates in the sucrose-fed rats. 6. The specific activity of dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase was highest in the rats fed on beef tallow. This activity was positively correlated with the energy intake for all dietary groups over the 5-week feeding period. 7. The results are discussed in terms of the functions of the three routes of glycerolipid synthesis in adipose tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016249"}
{"pmid": "1016250", "title": "Uptake and effects of copper in rat liver mitochondria.", "content": "Uptake and effects of copper in rat liver mitochondria. The rate and extent of Cu2+ uptake by rat liver mitochondria was measured under various conditions. 1. The uptake is both greater and faster without an energy supply. 2. The uptake, when occuring in ionic media, has a biphasic character, that is it always slows down after an initial burst, and then re-accelerates. 3. Uptake of Cu2+ in the presence of energy initiates K+ uptake from K+-containing media with accompanying swelling and respiratory stimulation. Depending on the amounts of Cu2+ added and the K+ concentration, an inhibition of respiration later ensues. 4. Chelation of the Cu2+ by substrates (notably glutamate) decreases the effects. 5. Prior exposure to Cu2+ decreases or prevents energy-dependent Ca2+ uptake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016250"}
{"pmid": "1016251", "title": "Orotate decreases the inhibitory effect of ethanol on galactose elimination in the perfused rat liver.", "content": "Orotate decreases the inhibitory effect of ethanol on galactose elimination in the perfused rat liver. 1. The galactose-elimination rate in perfused livers from starved rats was decreased in the presence of ethanol (2-28mM) to one-third of the control values. Orotate injections partly reversed the effect of ethanol, so that the galactose-elimination rate was about two-thirds of the control values. Orotate alone had no effect on the galactose-elimination rate. 2. Ethanol increased [galactose 1-phosphate] and [UDP-galactose], and decreased (UDP-glucose] and [UTP], both with and without orotate. Orotate increased [UTP], [UDP-galactose], both with and without ethanol. The increase of [galactose 1-phosphate] in the presence of ethanol was inhibited by orotate. Orotate alone had no appreciable effect on [galactose 1-phosphate]. 3. Both the effect of ethanol and that of orotate on the galactose-elimination rate can be accounted for by assuming inhibition of galactokinase by galactose 1-phosphate with Ki about 0.2mM, the inhibition being either non-competitive or uncompetitive. 4. The primary effect of ethanol seems to be inhibition of UDP-glucose epimerase (EC 5.1.3.2), followed by accumulation of UDP-galactose, trapping of UDP-glucose and increase of [galactose 1-phosphate]. Orotate decreased the effect of ethanol, probably by increasing [UDP-glucose].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016251"}
{"pmid": "1016253", "title": "Microbiological degradation of bile acids. Nitrogenous hexahydroindane derivatives formed from cholic acid by Streptomyces rubescens.", "content": "Microbiological degradation of bile acids. Nitrogenous hexahydroindane derivatives formed from cholic acid by Streptomyces rubescens. The metabolism of cholic acid (I) by Streptomyces rubescens was investigated. This organism effected ring A cleavage, side-chain shortening and amide bond formation and gave the following metabolites: (4R)-4-[4alpha-(2-carboxyethyl)-3aalpha-hexahydro-7abeta-methyl-5-oxoindan-1 beta-yl]valeric acid (IIa) and its mono-amide (valeramide) (IIb); and 2,3,4,6, 6abeta,7,8,9,9aalpha,9bbeta-decahydro-6abeta-methyl-1H-cyclopenta[f]quinoline-3,7-dione(IIIe)and its homologues with the beta-oriented side chains, valeric acid, valeramide, butanone and propionic acid, in the place of the oxo group at C-7, i.e.compounds (IIIa), (IIIb), (IIIc) and (IIId) respectively. All the nitrogenous metabolites were new compounds, and their structures were established by partial synthesis except for the metabolite (IIIc). The mechanism of formation of these metabolites is considered. A degradative pathway of cholic acid (I) into the metabolites is also tentatively proposed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016253"}
{"pmid": "1016252", "title": "Ribonucleic acid synthesis in rabbit erythroid cells.", "content": "Ribonucleic acid synthesis in rabbit erythroid cells. Kinetic studies on the synthesis of RNA in mature bone-marrow erythroid cells from rabbits were made by measuring the incorporation of [2-3H]adenosine into the ATP pool and RNA over periods up to 8h. By use of equations to fit the pool specific radioactivity and an equation using the same type of pool to generate the rate of linear DNA synthesis, good agreement between the pool parameters is found, provided that the ATP pool is measured in whole cell extracts, and assuming that the dATP and ATP pools equilibrate rapidly. RNA-synthesis rates were measured by using curve fits to equations developed by using the pool specific-radioactivity curves. The rate of synthesis of poly(A)-containing RNA varied in three experiments from 90 to 220mol/min per cell, with half-life of nuclear processing of 12-22 min with a mean of 16 min. Ribosomal RNA is synthesized at a rate of 70-200 mol/min per cell with an average half-life of nuclear processing of 37 min for the 18S RNA and 214 min for the 28S RNA. When the stable rRNA components are subtracted from the nRNA synthesis, the rate of nRNA synthesis is between 2 and 6fg/min per cell with an average half-life of degradation of 27 min. The rate of synthesis of poly(A)-containing RNA is 1.5-3.5% of the RNA-synthesis rates. These rates are compared with the RNA-synthesis rates found in L cells and concentrations of globin mRNA found in various erythroid-cell preparations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016252"}
{"pmid": "1016254", "title": "Microbiological degradation of bile acids. The conjugation of a certain cholic acid metabolite with amino acids in Corynebacterium equi.", "content": "Microbiological degradation of bile acids. The conjugation of a certain cholic acid metabolite with amino acids in Corynebacterium equi. 1. (4R)-4[4alpha-(2-Carboxyethyl)-3aalpha-hexahydro-7abeta-methyl-5-oxoindan-1beta-yl]valeric acid (II) could not be utilized by Arthrobacter simplex, even though the acid was one of the metabolites formed from cholic acid (I) by this organism. Therefore the further degradation of the acid (II) by Corynebacterium equi was investigated to identify the intermediates involved in the cholic acid degradation. 2. The organism, cultured in a medium containing the acid (II) as the sole source of carbon, produced unexpected metabolites, the conjugates of this original acid (II) with amino acids or their derivatives, although the yield was very low. These new metabolites were isolated and identified by chemical synthesis as the Na-((4R)-4-[4alpha-(2-carboxyethyl)-3a alpha-hexahydro-7a beta-methyl-5-oxoindan-1 beta-yl]-valeryl) derivatives of L-alanine, glutamic acid, O-acetylhomoserine and glutamine, i.e. compounds (IIIa), (IIIb), (IIId) respectively. 3. The possibility that the bacterial synthetic reaction observed in the acid (II) metabolism with C. equi is analogous to peptide conjugation known in both animals and higher plants is discussed. A possible mechanism for this bacterial conjugation is also considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016254"}
{"pmid": "1016255", "title": "Lack of effect of amino acid concentration on protein synthesis in the perfused rat liver.", "content": "Lack of effect of amino acid concentration on protein synthesis in the perfused rat liver. The effect of increasing the perfusate concentration of amino acids on the incorporation of labelled valine into protein was followed in perfusions of rat livers lasting for 2h. A fixed amount of labelled and unlabelled valine was added to the perfusate as the other amino acids were increased in multiples of the concentrations normally found in rat plasma. Under these conditions no increase in valine incorporation was observed, which appeared to be in conflict with results published by other workers, However, a different method of labelling from that used here was used in the earlier studies. An increasing amount of a labelled amino acid was added as the concentrations of the unlabelled amino acids were increased in the perfusate. An experiment directly comparing to the two labelling methods produced results that indicated that the apparent increase in liver protein synthesis observed by the other workers could have been due to the method of radioisotope addition. It is therefore concluded that increasing the perfusate concentration of amino acids does not increase amino acid incorporation into liver protein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016255"}
{"pmid": "1016258", "title": "Dialysis experiments on urinary immunoreactive human growth hormone by means of a collodion bag.", "content": "Dialysis experiments on urinary immunoreactive human growth hormone by means of a collodion bag.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016258"}
{"pmid": "1016257", "title": "Effect of detergents on the N-and ring-hydroxylation of 2-acetamidofluorene by hamster liver microsomal preparations.", "content": "Effect of detergents on the N-and ring-hydroxylation of 2-acetamidofluorene by hamster liver microsomal preparations. Effects of detergents such as cholate, deoxycholate and Triton X-100 were studied on N-and ring-hydroxylation of 2-acetamidofluorene by reconstituted and unresolved microsomal systems from livers of hamsters pretreated with 3-methylcholanthrene. Triton X-100 (2.5 mg/nmol of cytochrome P-448) inhibited N-and ring-hydroxylation by wholemicrosomal preparations by 40 and 90% respectively Deoxycholate at the same concentration inhibited both hydroxylations completely, whereas cholate inhibited N-and ring-hydroxylation by 40 and 50% respectively. In reconstitution studies, the presence of Triton X-100(0.5-1.0mg/nmol of cytochrome P-448) along with unsolubilized cytochrome P-448 fraction and solubilized reductase fraction increased N-hydroxylation to an appreciable extent compared with ring-hydroxylation. Both cholate and deoxycholate at 0.5-1.0 mg concentrations had a greater stimulatory effect on ring-than on N-hydroxylation activity in such a reconstituted system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016257"}
{"pmid": "1016256", "title": "Carcass glycogen as a potential source of glucose during short-term starvation.", "content": "Carcass glycogen as a potential source of glucose during short-term starvation. In small rats deprived of food for 19h (or 43h), 36% (or 39%) of the glycogen that disappeared was lost from the carcass and 64% (or 61%) from liver. Carcass glycogen is potentially a substantial source of glucose during short-term starvation via the Cori cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016256"}
{"pmid": "1016260", "title": "Improved method for determining parathyroid hormone in biological material.", "content": "Improved method for determining parathyroid hormone in biological material.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016260"}
{"pmid": "1016259", "title": "The use of glucose-1-[32P]phosphate for the determination of hexose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase activity in red blood cells.", "content": "The use of glucose-1-[32P]phosphate for the determination of hexose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase activity in red blood cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016259"}
{"pmid": "1016261", "title": "Comparison of methods for the measurement of human protein synthesis.", "content": "Comparison of methods for the measurement of human protein synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016261"}
{"pmid": "1016263", "title": "Response of well-fed adrenalectomized rats to tryptophan force-feeding on hepatic protein and RNA synthesis.", "content": "Response of well-fed adrenalectomized rats to tryptophan force-feeding on hepatic protein and RNA synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016263"}
{"pmid": "1016262", "title": "Liver phenylalanine hydroxylase assay.", "content": "Liver phenylalanine hydroxylase assay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016262"}
{"pmid": "1016264", "title": "[14C]oxalate synthesis from [U-14C]glyoxylate and [1-14C]glycollate in isolated rat hepatocytes.", "content": "[14C]oxalate synthesis from [U-14C]glyoxylate and [1-14C]glycollate in isolated rat hepatocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016264"}
{"pmid": "1016265", "title": "The isolation, properties, and assay of phenylalanine hydroxylase from human and rat liver.", "content": "The isolation, properties, and assay of phenylalanine hydroxylase from human and rat liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016265"}
{"pmid": "1016288", "title": "Bronchial histamine reactivity: its relationship to the reactivity of the bronchi to allergens.", "content": "Bronchial histamine reactivity: its relationship to the reactivity of the bronchi to allergens. The aim of this study was to examine the proposal that the magnitude of the response of the bronchi to an immediate allergic reaction depends not only on the degree of sensitization of the bronchi by allergen specific IgE antibody but also on the reactivity of the bronchi to the vasoactive mediators which are released during immediate allergic reactions. This was done by determining the bronchial reactivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and to histamine of both symptomatic and asymptomatic groups of atopic subjects who had comparable serum levels of D. pteronyssinus specific IgE. Positive bronchial responses to the D. pteronyssinus extract were recorded with both the symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects, the mean bronchial threshold dose of allergen being significantly higher in the asymptomatic than in the asthmatic patients. There was a highly significant correlation between the serum level of allergen specific IgE and the bronchial threshold dose of allergen extract and also between the bronchial threshold dose of allergen extract and of histamine in all groups of subjects. The ability to predict bronchial reactivity to the allergen from the serum level of allergen specific IgE within each group was significantly better if the bronchial reactivity to histamine was included in the correlation analysis. This supports the hypothesis that whether a particular subject who is producing specific IgE antibody will develop symptoms on the inhalation of that allergen depends not only on the amount of allergen which he inhales and on the degree of sensitization of his bronchi but also on the reactivity of his bronchi to the vasoactive mediators which are released by allergen-IgE interaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016288"}
{"pmid": "1016291", "title": "Allergenic potency of bee antigens measured by RAST inhibition.", "content": "Allergenic potency of bee antigens measured by RAST inhibition. The potency of various bee antigens including bee venom, several whole bee body extracts and fractions of bee venom was studied using the RAST inhibition method. As compared to whole bee body extract, bee venom was a much more potent inhibitor of both bee venom and whole body RAST, suggesting that venom has a greater capacity to bind specific bee IgE antibodies. Whole body extracts also varied substantially in their inhibiting activity. Phospholipase A and hyaluronidase were the most potent of the bee venom fractions suggesting their potential use as an assay for standardization of insect extracts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016291"}
{"pmid": "1016290", "title": "Asthma due to inhaled chemical agents--fumes from 'Multicore' soldering flux and colophony resin.", "content": "Asthma due to inhaled chemical agents--fumes from 'Multicore' soldering flux and colophony resin. Four patients with occupational asthma associated with exposure to soldering flux or hot-melt glue containing pine resin (colophony) were subjected to occupational type inhalation challenge testing. All four gave immediate bronchial reactions to inhalation of the fumes, varying from one breath to 3 min of exposure. The clinical history and provocation test reactions suggest hypersensitivity to colophony fumes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016290"}
{"pmid": "1016289", "title": "A new immunodiagnostic test in onchocerciasis.", "content": "A new immunodiagnostic test in onchocerciasis. The radioallergosorbent (RAST) technique was used as a diagnostic test for onchocerciasis. IgE antibodies for Dirofilaria immitis antigen were found in thirty-one of fifty-seven (54%) affected patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016289"}
{"pmid": "1016327", "title": "Chromatolytic changes in Deiters' nucleus following spinal cord lesions in the rat.", "content": "Chromatolytic changes in Deiters' nucleus following spinal cord lesions in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016327"}
{"pmid": "1016328", "title": "Reaction of the olivary and tectal neurons to hemisection or transection of the cervical cord (studied by a modification of Gudden's method).", "content": "Reaction of the olivary and tectal neurons to hemisection or transection of the cervical cord (studied by a modification of Gudden's method).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016328"}
{"pmid": "1016329", "title": "Morphological development of the choroid plexus in chick embryos.", "content": "Morphological development of the choroid plexus in chick embryos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016329"}
{"pmid": "1016330", "title": "Relationships in the developing body wall and limb bud blastemas of the chick embryo.", "content": "Relationships in the developing body wall and limb bud blastemas of the chick embryo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016330"}
{"pmid": "1016331", "title": "A note on an anomalous outgrowth of mesonephros in Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch).", "content": "A note on an anomalous outgrowth of mesonephros in Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016331"}
{"pmid": "1016332", "title": "Variability and development of the quadratus plantae muscle in man.", "content": "Variability and development of the quadratus plantae muscle in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016332"}
{"pmid": "1016333", "title": "Growth and position of the mandible during secondary palate closure in the mouse.", "content": "Growth and position of the mandible during secondary palate closure in the mouse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016333"}
{"pmid": "1016334", "title": "Satellite cells in the limb musculature of the axolotl.", "content": "Satellite cells in the limb musculature of the axolotl.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016334"}
{"pmid": "1016335", "title": "Comparative morphology and histology of the alimentary canal of two Indian birds.", "content": "Comparative morphology and histology of the alimentary canal of two Indian birds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016335"}
{"pmid": "1016336", "title": "Basic morphometric parameters of development of the mouse placenta.", "content": "Basic morphometric parameters of development of the mouse placenta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016336"}
{"pmid": "1016337", "title": "Windsor C. Cutting Memorial Lecture. Clinical pharmacology: hard sell or soft?", "content": "Windsor C. Cutting Memorial Lecture. Clinical pharmacology: hard sell or soft?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016337"}
{"pmid": "1016338", "title": "Prevalence of rodent endemic typhus on the Island of Maui.", "content": "Prevalence of rodent endemic typhus on the Island of Maui.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016338"}
{"pmid": "1016339", "title": "IMP: a new method for health problem assessment.", "content": "IMP: a new method for health problem assessment. This paper presents a new method for health problem assessment, called IMP. It is based upon the premise that the critical step in the development of policy decisions isthe definition of health problems at the community level. The method is an extension of the Delphi technique but has been significantly improved by the determination of the critical variables in the problem set and by the incroporation of a structured logic system and of professional judgment. The study compares the IMP method with data gathered by traditional, epidemiological prevalence surveys and also with data from a computer simulation. The conclusion is unavoidable: the IMP method is an accurate as the other methods, at far less cost. The problem of preventable bureaucratic blindness has been used as an illustration of the application of this technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016339"}
{"pmid": "1016340", "title": "Evaluating drugs and determining the drug needs of developed and developing countries.", "content": "Evaluating drugs and determining the drug needs of developed and developing countries. The practice of reviewing drug utilization provides a surveillance system for monitoring the efficiency of drug distribution and drug consumption; it also provides a data base for the interpretation of the frequency of adverse drug reactions and helps to identify gaps in the delivery of a crucial aspect of health services: the provision of safe and efficacious medicines. Malconsumption (either over- or under-utilization or needless prescribing) can be identified and economies might be achieved, once these problems are corrected. Linking drug utilization with standard health indices, such as morbidity and mortality rates, can help assess the effects of widely used drugs, both adverse and beneficial. Drug utilization review should be considered an essential activity of a well-organized health delivery system; it has great potential for both health planning and evaluation. These positions are discussed as they relate to developed and developing countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016340"}
{"pmid": "1016342", "title": "A proposal for a primary care registry.", "content": "A proposal for a primary care registry. A regional, voluntary, registry mechanism is proposed through which any citizen could indicate his intention of seeking primary health care from a physician, clinic, or institution that has also registered. By mutual agreement, the provider would recognize the registrant as a regular primary care patient. Providers would regularly receive lists of their registered primary care patients, including descriptive statistical summaries where appropriate. Such a registry would aid health care planners to promote a more equitable and efficient delivery system for primary care services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016342"}
{"pmid": "1016341", "title": "Health services research and health policy.", "content": "Health services research and health policy. Health services research (HSR) has the potential to influence the decision-making process in a health services system that is acutelearchers feel, with some truth, that their research has had only a limited effect on health policy. Some reasons for this are described, including the primacy of political, rather than technical, considerations in policy making, the lack of a comprehensive health policy, and the poor quality and irrelevance of much HSR. The role of funding for HSR by the Federal government is described; it is shown that the Federal effort is fragmented, despite the consolidation efforts made in 1968. Increased support for specific targeted, problem-solving health services research is proposed, and some possible methods to achieve this are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016341"}
{"pmid": "1016343", "title": "Building a comprehensive geriatric health care system: a case study.", "content": "Building a comprehensive geriatric health care system: a case study. This case study focuses on the efforts of three urban medical care institutions--a Health Maintenance Organization, a nursing home, and a university hospital--to form an interorganizational relationship. The purpose of the relationship was to utilize the services of the three organizations in order to respond to the comprehensive health needs of an urban geriatric population. Movements in this triadic organizational relationship are described and analyzed in terms of four conceptual stages--exploration, negotiation, interaction and performance, and termination. Problems arising during these stages were not resolved and the relationship was terminated after approximately two years of existence. A sociological discussion of the case focuses on why the relationship failed. The organizational relationship was disrupted by three stresses that occurred during the four stages of the relationship. Stresses emerged for each organization in the areas of organizational integration, professional coordination, and environmental adaptation, making it difficult for the three to become integrated into an organizational system. As a result, the HMO, the nursing home, and the hospital did not benefit from relationships that could have enabled them to develop the multi-organizational system necessary to sustain an innovative, comprehansive geriatric health project. If, as Whitehead said, the greatest invention of the nineteenth century was the invention of the method of invention, the task of the succedding century has been to organize inventiveness. The difference is not in the nature of invention or of inventors, but in the manner in which the context of social institutions is organized for their support.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016343"}
{"pmid": "1016344", "title": "As long as you're up, pick me a name.", "content": "As long as you're up, pick me a name.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016344"}
{"pmid": "1016345", "title": "Medical care as a commodity: an exploration of the shipping behavior of patients.", "content": "Medical care as a commodity: an exploration of the shipping behavior of patients. A 10% household sample of high- and low-income census tracts was interviewed to assess the extent of doctor shopping. In 632 households studied, 53% of high socioeconomic status and 51% of low socioeconomic status families had shopped for or changed doctors of their own volition. During the previous year, 4% of each socioeconomic group had consulted more than one doctor without referral for the same episode of illness. Shoppers could be distinguished from non-shoppers--shoppers were younger, were better informed about medical specialties, were less self-reliant, more hypochondriacal, expressed less hostility towarn physicians, and had less positive attitudes toward the medical care system. The differences between shoppers and non-shoppers were generally similar for both high and low socioeconomic status groups. In addition, 52% of the families studied had been forced to change doctors because of circumstances beyond their control, i.e., the patient moved or the doctor moved, retired, or died.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016345"}
{"pmid": "1016347", "title": "Sodium metabolism in hypertension: Part I. Sodium content in cardiovascular tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rat.", "content": "Sodium metabolism in hypertension: Part I. Sodium content in cardiovascular tissue in spontaneously hypertensive rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016347"}
{"pmid": "1016346", "title": "Preventive and episodic health care of inner-city children.", "content": "Preventive and episodic health care of inner-city children. Children in low-income, inner-city households who used different sources of ambulatory care were analyzed with regard to their experiences in securing preventive and episodic illness care. This analysis is derived from a larger study that investigated the utilization of health care systems by groups within an inner-city community; it focused on the Outpatient Department of a large teaching hospital and on the impact of a new Health Maintenance Organization (HMO). Data were obtained through household interviews of three sample populations: enrollees in an HMO, residents of a public housing project, and persons from the general community. When preventive health care was examined, our findings showed that, while the majority of children of school age were immunized, only about half of the children under age 6 were. Among children aged 3 through 5, those attending day care centers were more likely to be immunized than those not in such programs. There were indications that children using the HMO were more frequently receiving preventive services, particularly general physical examinations. There was no relationship between the usual source of care, or day care participation, and whether a child received care for an episode of illness. There were differences by age and usual source of care in seeking care for earaches and in receiving regular care for asthma. The patterns of health care utilization found in this study promote interest in the influence of the source of ambulatory care for children in other socioeconomic groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016346"}
{"pmid": "1016348", "title": "Sodium metabolism in hypertension: Part II. Effects of salt loading on urinary excretion of sodium in spontaneously hypertensive rat.", "content": "Sodium metabolism in hypertension: Part II. Effects of salt loading on urinary excretion of sodium in spontaneously hypertensive rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016348"}
{"pmid": "1016349", "title": "Sodium metabolism in hypertension: Part III. Effects of hypertensive and antihypertensive agents on sodium metabolism in perfused hearts.", "content": "Sodium metabolism in hypertension: Part III. Effects of hypertensive and antihypertensive agents on sodium metabolism in perfused hearts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016349"}
{"pmid": "1016393", "title": "Lassa fever.", "content": "Lassa fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016393"}
{"pmid": "1016395", "title": "Identification of suspects in criminal cases.", "content": "Identification of suspects in criminal cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016395"}
{"pmid": "1016394", "title": "The Salisbury Crags murder: H.M. Advocate v Ernst Dumoulin.", "content": "The Salisbury Crags murder: H.M. Advocate v Ernst Dumoulin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016394"}
{"pmid": "1016396", "title": "Ammonia absorption from the rumen to the systemic circulation with urea poisoning in goats.", "content": "Ammonia absorption from the rumen to the systemic circulation with urea poisoning in goats. To confirm the transfer of ammonia leaking from the rumen content via the liver to the perid by laparotomy. When ammonia leakage from the hepatic vein occurred, it was followed by an increase in ammonia concentration in the jugular vein. There were increases of ammonia concentration in the intestinal vein and in the thoracic duct after urea drenching. These increases suggested neither trapping ammonia in the peritoneal fluid nor responsibility for increases of ammonia in the systemic circulation, respectively. At times when respiration ceased due to urea poisoning, the peritoneal fluids wee in the fluid. The hypothesis of the peritoneal cavity-thoracic duct route of ammonia absorption, presented by some of previous workers on urea toxicity, was not supported in the present study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016396"}
{"pmid": "1016475", "title": "Electron microscopy of stages of Isospora felis of the cat in the mesenteric lymph node of the mouse.", "content": "Electron microscopy of stages of Isospora felis of the cat in the mesenteric lymph node of the mouse. Stages of Isospora felis of the cat in the mesenteric lymph node of the mouse 25 days after oral inoculation with oocysts, have been described at the ultrastructural level. The organisms occurred singly within parasitophorous vacuoles in host cell cytoplasm and were sporozoite-like, having a large crystalloid body up to 5.5 mum in length posterior to the nucleus. The size and appearance of the parasitophorous vacuole varied. Some vacuoles contained numerous, small, electron dense granules about 30 nm in diameter. Because of the aggregation of granules and their arrangement within the parasitophorous vacuole, the impression was sometimes gained by light microscopy that parasites were surrounded by a sheath or cyst wall. However, a cyst wall was not present. In host cells, spherical, membrane-bound bodies with a homogeneous, electron dense core and a maximum diameter of 0.25 mum were filed along the limiting membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole. These extra-intestinal parasites were considered to be waiting stages, with a biological function similar to that of the tissue cyst stage of other general of isosporan coccidia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016475"}
{"pmid": "1016477", "title": "The development of brood capsules and protoscolices in secondary hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus. A histological study.", "content": "The development of brood capsules and protoscolices in secondary hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus. A histological study. Using the Mongolian jird (Meriones unguiculatus) as a laboratory host for the cystic stage of the British horse strain of Echinococcus granulosus, the mode of development of brood capsules and protoscolices was studied histologically. The successive stages in development in secondary hydatid cysts are described and shown to correspond closely with previous observations on primary hydatid cysts. The usefulness of this experimental model for future ultrastructural studies is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016477"}
{"pmid": "1016478", "title": "Stereoscan studies of eggs, free-swimming and penetrating miracidia and early sporocysts of Fasciola hepatica.", "content": "Stereoscan studies of eggs, free-swimming and penetrating miracidia and early sporocysts of Fasciola hepatica. The egg of Fasciola hepatica has a smooth surface with a slightly elevated circle marking the fracture of the operculum. The operculum and the aperture have crenated edges. The epithelial cells of the miracidium are covered with long cilia. When miracidia are vibrated in an ultrasonic cleaner the cilia of the epithelial cells of the four posteroir tiers are broken off only leaving longitudinal rows of cilium stubs, whereas the cilia of the first tier are still retained. The apical papilla is provided with a dorso-ventral furrow, multiciliated pits and isolated sensory cilia. The narrow intercellular ridge is smooth, whereas the epithelial cells have small cytoplasmic knobs between the cilia. The penetration into the snail (Lymnaea truncatula) and the transforamtion into sporocyst may be separated into three phases. (1) Less than 1 min after attachment to the snail the ciliated cells of the anterior tier are shed and swim away. (2) The cilia of the remaining cells beat violently and after about 5 min most cilia are broken off near the cell surface. The miracidium remains for about 15 min embedded as far as the intracellular ridge receptors (lateral papillae and sheathed ciliated nerve endings). During this period extensive contraction and relaxation of the body are performed. (3) The final penetration of the snail epithelium takes about 15 min. Simultaneously with the penetration into the snail tissue the \"bald\" cells (epithelial cells with cilium stubs only) of the four posterior tiers loosen, florm globules and fall off. The surface below the cells is smooth and in cytoplasmic continuity with the intercellular ridge and the apical papilla, and this syncytium forms the later tegument of the sporocyst. After a few days the tegument of the sporocyst is provided with microvillus-like projections and the apical papilla and sensory structures are lost.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016478"}
{"pmid": "1016498", "title": "Hydro- and hemodynamic effects of catheterization of vessels. II. Model experiments comparing circular and annular lumen area reduction.", "content": "Hydro- and hemodynamic effects of catheterization of vessels. II. Model experiments comparing circular and annular lumen area reduction. Experiments and a simple theoretical analysis have been performed concerning the flow through circular (stenosis) and annular (catheter piece) lumen area reduction of rigid- and elastic-walled vessels. Both steady and pulsatile flow at various volumetric flow rates were investigated. A good agreement between the experimental and the analytical results has been found. A critical annular lumen area reduction exists on a par with the well-known critical stenosis. The strongest reduction in pressure and in volumetric flow rate was caused by the catheter pieces, compared with the stenoses. The per cent reduction in pulse mean pressure and in volumetric mean velocity at pulsatile flow was equal to the per cent reduction in pressure and volumetric mean velocity at steady flow. The influence of the geometrical shape of the stenoses and the catheter pieces is further discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016498"}
{"pmid": "1016499", "title": "Catheter angiography and venous thrombosis.", "content": "Catheter angiography and venous thrombosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016499"}
{"pmid": "1016500", "title": "Estimation of coronary artery stenosis. Limitations of present methods.", "content": "Estimation of coronary artery stenosis. Limitations of present methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016500"}
{"pmid": "1016501", "title": "Technique of coronary angiography.", "content": "Technique of coronary angiography. A new manufacturing process and new shapes of the left and right catheters for coronary angiography by the transfemoral route increase the safety of the examination by reducing the time and avoiding the risks involved in catheter occlusion of the arteries. The simultaneous filling of the sinus and the whole coronary artery from its origin increases the anatomic information. Pressure-monitoring is unnecessary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016501"}
{"pmid": "1016502", "title": "Growth rate of renal carcinoma as demonstrated by repeat angiography.", "content": "Growth rate of renal carcinoma as demonstrated by repeat angiography. Thirteen patients with renal carcinoma, primarily not operated upon, were re-evaluated 1 to 71 months after the first nephroangiography. Tumour progression could be demonstrated in 7 cases with a maximum linear diametric growth rate of 0.5 cm/2.5 months. The reasons for absence of growth in the remainder are not apparent, but probably related to the state of immunologic defense mechanism of the host.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016502"}
{"pmid": "1016503", "title": "Nephroangiography in amyloidosis.", "content": "Nephroangiography in amyloidosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016503"}
{"pmid": "1016504", "title": "Epinephrine in the angiographic evaluation of experimental kidney trauma.", "content": "Epinephrine in the angiographic evaluation of experimental kidney trauma. Selective nephroangiography was performed in the dog following percutaneous needle biopsy to evaluate epinephrine response. Traumatized vessels respond normally to epinephrine, often with increased extravasation as the vessel recovers from epinephrine. A selective inability of the traumatized vessel to constrict was not noted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016504"}
{"pmid": "1016505", "title": "Complications of percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy.", "content": "Complications of percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy. After 5,300 percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy procedures in 2,726 patients pneumothorax occurred in 27.2 per cent of the patients. Only 7.7 per cent required exsufflation or drainage. The factors influencing the relative frequency and the severity of pneumothorax are discussed. Bleeding around the punctured lesions was found in 11 per cent, and hemoptysis in 2 per cent but were of no clinical importance. In one case evidence of needle track implantation was found. The theoretical and practical importance of tumour cell spread and spread of infection through the needle track is discussed. No air embolism or mortality occurred.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016505"}
{"pmid": "1016506", "title": "Pneumocystography of benign and malignant intracystic growths of the female breast.", "content": "Pneumocystography of benign and malignant intracystic growths of the female breast. Pneumocystography established the preoperative diagnosis of 20 intracystic breast tumours including 9 benign intracystic papillomas and 11 cases of intracystic carcinoma generally considered to be a rarity. The method is described and details about the clinical and radiologic appearances of both benign and malignant intracystic tumours are given. The importance and advantages of the method are emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016506"}
{"pmid": "1016507", "title": "Bone growth in the rabbit after irradiation.", "content": "Bone growth in the rabbit after irradiation. The effect on bone growth of two locally given, different, unfractionated radiation doses (0.1 and 24 Gy) was tested in a rabbit litter aged 57 days. The effects on growth were registered with roentgen stereophotogrammetric length measurements for 75 days after irradiation. Growth of the right irradiated tibia was compared with the growth of the left non-irradiated tibia. After 7 to 9 days, 24 Gy had caused a linear fall in growth to about 15 per cent. After a period of complete cessation, a slight growth was registered. 0.1 Gy had no significant growth retarding effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016507"}
{"pmid": "1016508", "title": "Radiologic aspects of BCG-osteomyelitis in infants and children.", "content": "Radiologic aspects of BCG-osteomyelitis in infants and children. An account is given of results of the radiologic examination of 29 infants and children with bone tuberculosis caused by the Bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as a complication to intradermal vaccination. The diagnosis is based on radiologic appearances, microscopy and bacteriologic examination of specimens obtained from the bone lesions. The radiologic appearance of the bone lesions is in most cases characteristic and differs decisively from that of pyogenic osteomyelitis and malignant disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016508"}
{"pmid": "1016509", "title": "Pelvimetry in breech and cephalic presentation.", "content": "Pelvimetry in breech and cephalic presentation. Pelvic measurements in a group of 115 women delivering in breech presentation were compared with those in a group of 100 delivering in cephalic presentation. The average pelvic measurements were all a few mm larger in the breech cases and the average sum of the outlet diameters was significantly larger. Pelvic disproportion was not more common in breech presentation and no support was found for the theory that large pelvic measurements predispose to breech presentation. The small differences found are attributed to the moulding of the pelvis occurring during parturition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016509"}
{"pmid": "1016510", "title": "Vertebral motion in spondylolisthesis.", "content": "Vertebral motion in spondylolisthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016510"}
{"pmid": "1016511", "title": "Radiographic measurements on the radio-carpal joint in distal radial fractures.", "content": "Radiographic measurements on the radio-carpal joint in distal radial fractures. Radiography of 40 wrists with fractures in the distal part of radius was performed. In the lateral view the inclination of the radial joint surface was analysed in different degrees of pronation and supination. The central ray was directed 15 degrees proximally and the results were compared with those obtained with a perpendicular central ray. In the perpendicular projections even moderate differences in pronation or supination between two examinations could seriously alter the measured inclination of the joint surface of the radius. The projection with the central ray directed 15 degrees proximally highly significantly decreased the errors between the measurements when compared to the perpendicular projection. The joint surface was depicted more dorsally inclined than in the perpendicular projection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016511"}
{"pmid": "1016512", "title": "Thromboresistance and stability of a heparinized polymer.", "content": "Thromboresistance and stability of a heparinized polymer. Untreated shunts and shunts heparinized according to a modification of the method of Eriksson et coll. were inserted between the femoral artery and vein in mongrels. Scanning electron microscopy of pieces excised at different time periods of exposure to blood was performed. The heparinized surface had excellent thromboresistant properties with no thrombus formation after 4 hours, while the untreated shunts were covered with platelets already within 20 min. The leakage of heparin in vitro was less than 3 per cent of the total wall-bonded heparin during 90 min.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016512"}
{"pmid": "1016513", "title": "Double-lumen balloon catheter.", "content": "Double-lumen balloon catheter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016513"}
{"pmid": "1016514", "title": "Lipid components of plasma obtained from different sites of rabbit cardiovascular system during experimental acute uraemia.", "content": "Lipid components of plasma obtained from different sites of rabbit cardiovascular system during experimental acute uraemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016514"}
{"pmid": "1016516", "title": "Spontaneously increased platelet adhesiveness in multiparous rats--a model for the evaluation of antithrombogenic drugs.", "content": "Spontaneously increased platelet adhesiveness in multiparous rats--a model for the evaluation of antithrombogenic drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016516"}
{"pmid": "1016517", "title": "Typology of thermal sweating.", "content": "Typology of thermal sweating.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016517"}
{"pmid": "1016518", "title": "Quantitative angiographic studies on the left ventricular function in mitral stenosis in relation to clinical disability.", "content": "Quantitative angiographic studies on the left ventricular function in mitral stenosis in relation to clinical disability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016518"}
{"pmid": "1016515", "title": "The effect of calf thymus extract on radiation-induced changes in lysosomal acid phosphatase activity in polymorphonuclears in mice.", "content": "The effect of calf thymus extract on radiation-induced changes in lysosomal acid phosphatase activity in polymorphonuclears in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016515"}
{"pmid": "1016519", "title": "Clinical manifestations and treatment of sick sinus syndrome.", "content": "Clinical manifestations and treatment of sick sinus syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016519"}
{"pmid": "1016520", "title": "Low galactose level in the nondialysable sugar-peptide fraction isolated from the serum and urine of diabetic patients.", "content": "Low galactose level in the nondialysable sugar-peptide fraction isolated from the serum and urine of diabetic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016520"}
{"pmid": "1016521", "title": "Low ratio of sialic acid to proteins in the seromucoid of diabetic patients.", "content": "Low ratio of sialic acid to proteins in the seromucoid of diabetic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016521"}
{"pmid": "1016522", "title": "Changes of serum lipid composition in patients with multiple sclerosis.", "content": "Changes of serum lipid composition in patients with multiple sclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016522"}
{"pmid": "1016523", "title": "The regulation of bronchomotor tone.", "content": "The regulation of bronchomotor tone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016523"}
{"pmid": "1016525", "title": "Review of beta sympathomimetic treatment of asthma.", "content": "Review of beta sympathomimetic treatment of asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016525"}
{"pmid": "1016524", "title": "Anticholinergic and beta-sympathomimetic inhalation challenges in asthma and bronchitis.", "content": "Anticholinergic and beta-sympathomimetic inhalation challenges in asthma and bronchitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016524"}
{"pmid": "1016532", "title": "Cultures of house-dust mites on animal skin scales.", "content": "Cultures of house-dust mites on animal skin scales. The main constituent of one of the most suitable media for growing house-dust mites (D. pteronyssinus) are human skin scales. In this study it is shown that skin scales of a number of other animals are also accepted as food by these mites, with evidence of allergen production. Production of house-dust mite allergen for diagnosis and treatment should not be done on non-human animal skin scales, because of their own high allergenicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016532"}
{"pmid": "1016533", "title": "The interpretation of total IgE in patients with allergy.", "content": "The interpretation of total IgE in patients with allergy. IgE level was determined by radioimmunosorbent technique (RIST) using Phadebas IgE test in the sera of 37 patients with allergic manifestations to inhalant agents, foods, drugs and insect stings. High IgE level was found in 90% of the inhalant group and in 87.5% of the food group, whilst in the drug and in the insect sting groups the incidence was 9.1% and 0%, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016533"}
{"pmid": "1016534", "title": "Why does a tumor grow.", "content": "Why does a tumor grow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016534"}
{"pmid": "1016573", "title": "Trace elements and immunologic defects. Zinc deficiency and activity of lysosomal acid phosphatase in lymphocyte of mice.", "content": "Trace elements and immunologic defects. Zinc deficiency and activity of lysosomal acid phosphatase in lymphocyte of mice. Activity of lysosomal acid phosphatase in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice fed a low-Zn diet has been studied. The study comprised 40 CBA T6T6 mice, female, aged 8 weeks, with body weight equal to about 18.0 g. The animals were fed during 10 days with a low-Zn diet. This latter diet, as well as the control one contained 0.8 mg% and 11.4 mg% of zinc, respectively; potable water contained 0.06 mg% of this element. Activity of the enzyme was determined semiquantitatively using cytochemical method of Barka and Anderson. Peripheral blood lymphocytes in mice fed a low-Zn diet exhibited statistically significant lowering of the intracellular enzyme activity when compared with control groups. Absolute count of enzyme-positive lymphocytes was also significantly lowered. The Authors discuss the importance of their observations for evaluation of immune reactivity in trace-elements-deficient animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016573"}
{"pmid": "1016577", "title": "The lysosomal enzymes of lymphocytes in human fetuses.", "content": "The lysosomal enzymes of lymphocytes in human fetuses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016577"}
{"pmid": "1016575", "title": "IgG, IgA and IgM concentration in human sera from different age groups: statistical evaluation.", "content": "IgG, IgA and IgM concentration in human sera from different age groups: statistical evaluation. A statistical analysis is presented of the results obtained from the measure of the serum concentration of IgG, A, M in 773 blood donors. In each of the two groups identified by sex, four subgroups were established according to age in ten years intervals from 20 to 59. On the basis of the results of the analysis, different fiducial intervals of normal values (calculated as mean +/- 2 X standard deviation) have been proposed. 1) A unique interval for IgG: 87-234 U.I. 2) Two intervals for IgA: 54-236 U.I. for subjects under 40 years and 64-270 U.I. for subjects over 40 years. 3) Four intervals for IgM: one for males under 40 years: 65-364 U.I., one for males over 40 years: 57-314 U.I., one for females under 50 years: 47-363 U.I., and one for females over 50 years: 53-434 U.I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016575"}
{"pmid": "1016576", "title": "Administration of antigen by intralymphatic route in the rat I. Humoral response to soluble antigens. (delta). Preliminary report.", "content": "Administration of antigen by intralymphatic route in the rat I. Humoral response to soluble antigens. (delta). Preliminary report. Male rats were immunized against bovine albumin injected by either intradermic or intralymphatic routes. A significantly higher number of animals treated by the latter route did respond, probably because antigens introduced by this route directly reach lymph nodes, by passing blood and tissue lytic enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016576"}
{"pmid": "1016578", "title": "Effect of non-permissive temperature on protein synthesis of frog virus 3 infected cells.", "content": "Effect of non-permissive temperature on protein synthesis of frog virus 3 infected cells. In the present paper we describe the kinetics of virus specific protein synthesis in FV3-infected BHK cells incubated at the non-permissive temperature of 33 degrees C. Some quantitative differences were detected, in comparison with proteins synthesized at permissive temperature (26 degrees C). Thereafter we studied the fate of polypeptides pulse labelled at non-permissive temperature, by shifting the infected cells to permissive temperature. In such experimental conditions infectious virus is readily produced; however the profiles of electrophoretically separated polypeptides did not differ remarkably from those obtained from cells maintained at 33 degrees C.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016578"}
{"pmid": "1016583", "title": "An improved method for PHA-culturing mouse lymphocytes using Ficoll-Hypaque gradient.", "content": "An improved method for PHA-culturing mouse lymphocytes using Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. A simple, reproducible method is described for in vitro culture of mouse lymphocytes purified by differential centrifugation through Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. Peripheral blood, spleen and thymus purified lymphocytes responded well to in vitro PHA stimulation as measured by blast transformation and tritiated thymidine incorporation; the lowest values were observed with thymus lymphocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016583"}
{"pmid": "1016584", "title": "Phytohemagglutinin unresponsiveness of spleen cells of mice bearing an allogeneic lymphoma.", "content": "Phytohemagglutinin unresponsiveness of spleen cells of mice bearing an allogeneic lymphoma. The in vitro response of spleen cells to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was studied in BALB mice bearing an allogeneic AKR lymphoma (progressors). A significant decrease in blast transformation and DNA synthesis was observed in these animals as compared with those rejecting the tumor (regressors) or with unchallenged controls. It is postulated that either an alteration in PHA lymphocyte receptors or the presence of enhancing serum factors may be responsible for this decrease in PHA response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016584"}
{"pmid": "1016588", "title": "Ultrastructural aspects of Peptichemio action on mouse sarcoma 180.", "content": "Ultrastructural aspects of Peptichemio action on mouse sarcoma 180. The electron microscope study of the cellular elements originating from mice experimental tumours (sarcoma 180) treated and non-treated with Peptichemio showed alterations of the nuclear and cytoplasmic structures in the animals treated. The data herein accord fully with the results obtained by other histological, biochemical and biomolecular techniques and make it possible once again to lay stress on the double alkylating and antimetabolic action of this antitumour drug, very likely taking place simultaneously both at nuclear and cytoplasmic level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016588"}
{"pmid": "1016590", "title": "Immunization against human and swine-like influenza A: serological response to two inactivated vaccines of different formulation.", "content": "Immunization against human and swine-like influenza A: serological response to two inactivated vaccines of different formulation. The immunizing capacity and the tolerability of two purified vaccines containing the inactivated A/New Jersey/76 ( x 53 recombinant) swine-like strain were studied. A trivalent vaccine (A/New Jersey/76-300 I.U.; A/Victoria 3/75-300 I.U.; B/Hong Kong 5/75-300 I.U.) was administered to 31 subjects over 50 years of age. No side-effects were observed and it caused a good HI antibody response to A/New Jersey/76, fairly good for B strain and modest for A/Victoria 3/75. A monovalent vaccine (A/New Jersey/76-400 I.U.) was administered to 32 subjects in the age range from 16 to 43 years. HI antibodies occurred in 84% of the subjects, devoid of antibodies before vaccination. Younger subjects (between 16-20 years) generally developed fairly low antibody titres; one among them (16-year-old) had a temperature rise within 48 h after vaccination. The Authors expect that the X 53 recombinant with the surface antigens of the A/New Jersey/76 strain may be employed for the preparation of the inactivated vaccine to be used in an emergency situation and discuss the composition of the vaccine more adapt for the present epidemiological situation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016590"}
{"pmid": "1016591", "title": "With reference to a simple kit for short-term lymphocyte culture tested in experimental animals.", "content": "With reference to a simple kit for short-term lymphocyte culture tested in experimental animals. The results on blastic transformation of peripheral-blood lymphocytes from different species of experimental animals studied in short-term cell culture made with a fully pre-prepared Kit, are here illustrated and discussed. Lymphocyte donors were: mice, rats, hamsters, guinea-pigs, and rabbits. The Kit used in these experiments was the so-called Blasto-Kit, prepared by the Istituto Sieroterapico Milanese. It contains a lyophilized mixture of all the culture medium components, including the mitogen (in our study: PHA). The lyophilized mixture was diluted with the proper solvent just at the culture time, and then supplemented  with 5 drops (200 mul) of whole blood. The extent of blastic transformation was evaluated in morphology, by counting the blast-like cells on culture smears; but the method provides adequate data also when lymphocyte transformation is evaluated via the extent of 3H-Tdr incorporation. The results showed quite significant discrimination (blastic indices) between the mitogen stimulated cultures and the non-stimulated controls in all the animals tested. On the other hand, different transformation extents were observed in relationship to the single animal species: it appeared that guinea-pigs, and mostly the rabbits gave the most beautiful blast-like cells, which appears to indicate that they are the most appropriate for this study among all those tested. It should be finally emphasized that : (1) the simplicity of the method makes the investigation on the transformation capability of lymphocytes easy to be carried out in every Lab; and (2), the small quantity of blood which is needed to perform the test makes it possible to investigate each single animal even in the case, when it has to be examined before, during, and after given treatments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016591"}
{"pmid": "1016593", "title": "Peripheral lymphocytes in paraproteinemia.", "content": "Peripheral lymphocytes in paraproteinemia. In 22 cases of myeloma and 12 cases of benign paraproteinemia the functional situation of circulating lymphocytes was studied. The technique used was the incorporation of 3H-Thymidine after PHA stimulation. E rosette formation and immunoglobulin bearing cells were evaluated. A reduction of 3H-Thymidine incorporation in the blastic cells was seen in the patients with myeloma (2,942 +/- 421 cpm/10(6) lymphocytes in respect to 13,182 +/- 920 of the control group). The difference was statistically significant: p less than 0.001. In benign monoclonal gammopathies the reduction was moderate and was at the limits of the significance: 9,482 +/- 1,100. The percentage of E rosettes and of immunoglobulins bearing cells was normal. The different behaviour of the blastic response in vitro in the two groups of patients tested confirms that the respective condition of the immunocompetent system is clearly different. A possible interpretation of this type of behaviour is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016593"}
{"pmid": "1016596", "title": "Limulus test, parenteral drugs and biological products: an approach.", "content": "Limulus test, parenteral drugs and biological products: an approach. The Authors report the results concerning the control of the presence of bacterial endotoxins in parenteral drugs, blood products and immunological reagents and drugs, by means of Limulus amebocyte lysate test. All the data suggest that Limulus assay is a simple, rapid, sensitive test, mostly when it is correctly performed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016596"}
{"pmid": "1016597", "title": "Introduction to HPLC.", "content": "Introduction to HPLC.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016597"}
{"pmid": "1016611", "title": "Urinary elimination of dihydro-ergotoxine after oral administration and intravenous infusion.", "content": "Urinary elimination of dihydro-ergotoxine after oral administration and intravenous infusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016611"}
{"pmid": "1016613", "title": "Mucosecretolytic effect of 1-methyl-4-(2-hydroxy-isopropyl)-cyclohex-1,2-en-6-ol (sobrerol) in the rabbit.", "content": "Mucosecretolytic effect of 1-methyl-4-(2-hydroxy-isopropyl)-cyclohex-1,2-en-6-ol (sobrerol) in the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016613"}
{"pmid": "1016614", "title": "On the characteristics of diluents for direct compression.", "content": "On the characteristics of diluents for direct compression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016614"}
{"pmid": "1016621", "title": "The effect of some wetting agents on the characteristics of suspensions of sulfamethoxypyridazine and its \"N1-acetyl derivative.", "content": "The effect of some wetting agents on the characteristics of suspensions of sulfamethoxypyridazine and its \"N1-acetyl derivative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016621"}
{"pmid": "1016623", "title": "Histochemical method to detect antiproteolytic activity in tissues.", "content": "Histochemical method to detect antiproteolytic activity in tissues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016623"}
{"pmid": "1016624", "title": "Antiproteolytic activity in human coronary arteries affected by long-dating atherosclerosis.", "content": "Antiproteolytic activity in human coronary arteries affected by long-dating atherosclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016624"}
{"pmid": "1016626", "title": "Antiproteolytic activity in foetal organs with low fibrinolytic potential.", "content": "Antiproteolytic activity in foetal organs with low fibrinolytic potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016626"}
{"pmid": "1016627", "title": "Antiproteolytic activity in foetal organs with high fibrinolytic potential.", "content": "Antiproteolytic activity in foetal organs with high fibrinolytic potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016627"}
{"pmid": "1016641", "title": "Pressure antagonism of anaesthetic-induced conduction failure in frog peripheral nerve.", "content": "Pressure antagonism of anaesthetic-induced conduction failure in frog peripheral nerve. Experiments to investigate pressure-induced antagonism of the effects of general anaesthetics in isolated peripheral nerve from the frog are described. The doses of four gaseous general anaesthetic agents required to reduce electrically evoked action potentials by 50% (mean +/- SEM) were nitrous oxide 490 +/- 40.4 kPa, ethylene 665 +/- 212 kPa, dichlorodifluoromethane 108 +/- 17.2 kPa and cyclopropane 70 +/- 5 kPa. The combination of high pressure and the anaesthetic agent partially or completely restored the action potential amplitudes for the gaseous and some of the volatile agents (chloroform, diethyl ether, helothane). However, reversal of the effects of other volatile agents (ethanol, butanol), sodium pentobarbitone and two local anaesthetic agents (procaine, dibucaine) did not occur. The pressures used to effect a reversal were less than anticipated. This apparent inconsistency with the critical volume hypothesis for anaesthesia is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016641"}
{"pmid": "1016642", "title": "The effect of splenectomy on circulatory adjustments to hypoxaemia in the anaesthetized dog.", "content": "The effect of splenectomy on circulatory adjustments to hypoxaemia in the anaesthetized dog. Six intact and seven splenectomized dogs were subjected to a similar degree of hypoxaemia while under light anaesthesia and artificial ventilation. In the intact animals, heart rate, cardiac output, myocardial contractility and oxygen consumption were increased as a result of hypoxaemia; oxygen transport was not affected. In the splenectomized animals the changes in cardiac output and myocardial contractility were small, and oxygen availability was decreased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016642"}
{"pmid": "1016643", "title": "A further study of general anaesthesia for Caesarean section.", "content": "A further study of general anaesthesia for Caesarean section. Methoxyflurane or trichloroethylene in concentrations of 0.2% or 0.1% used in anaesthesia for Caesarean section were compared. There were no differences in the acid-base state or the clinical condition of the infant at delivery, or in the incidence of maternal complications, which could be related to the choice of volatile agent. Either volatile agent in the 0.2% concentration was associated with an overall incidence of maternal awareness and unpleasant dreams of 2.5%, compared with 4.9% when the 0.1% concentration was used. The incidence of maternal nausea and vomiting was less in the 0.2% series. There was an apparent relationship between the induction-delivery interval and (a) the degree of neonatal acidosis and (b) the Apgar-minus-colour scores at one minute ((A-C)1). The correlation between those indices of increasing foetal depression and increasing length of the uterine incision-delivery interval was highly significant. There was no systematic relationship between the one-minute score for \"colour\" and the umbilical artery PO2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016643"}
{"pmid": "1016644", "title": "Haemodynamics and myocardial oxygen consumption during isoflurane (forane) anaesthesia in geriatric patients.", "content": "Haemodynamics and myocardial oxygen consumption during isoflurane (forane) anaesthesia in geriatric patients. The influence of isoflurane on haemodynamics and myocardial oxygen consumption was examined in seven geriatric patients under conditions of controlled ventilation and a normal arterial carbon dioxide tension. During isoflurane/nitrous oxide in oxygen anaesthesia (0.75 and 1.5 vol% inspired isoflurane) no significant changes occurred in cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, central venous and pulmonary artery pressure. Arterial pressure decreased, as did total peripheral resistance. A reduction in left ventricular maximum dp/dt (18-39%) was, at least in part, a result of changes in loading conditions. Total body (CaO2--CVO2) and base excess values remained within the normal range. We consider that the oxygen supply was adequate to meet the metabolic demands of the body as a whole. Myocardial oxygen consumption decreased by 25% during 0.75 vol% inspired isoflurane and by 43.5% with deepening of anaesthesia (1.5 vol% isoflurane).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016644"}
{"pmid": "1016645", "title": "Pharmacokinetic analysis using an electrical analogue.", "content": "Pharmacokinetic analysis using an electrical analogue. After i.v. administration, the distribution and elimination of many drugs may be simulated by a compartmental mathematical model. The analogue can be used to construct such models in electrical terms. When programmed with an appropriate model, the analogue can be used in a wide range of predictive studies. The application of the analogue is illustrated by analysis of serial plasma concentrations of fentanyl and pancuronium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016645"}
{"pmid": "1016646", "title": "Tubocurarine and the neonate.", "content": "Tubocurarine and the neonate. Tubocurarine, given as a single bolus, may be used safely for neuromuscular blockade in the neonate. The recommended dose is 250 mug/kg at birth, increasing to 500 mug/kg at 28 days of age. This dose should be reduced in the event of prematurity, acidosis or hypothermia, or when certain antibiotics or inhalation anaesthetic agents are present in the tissues. A single dose as described has a duration of approximately 1 h and it is only after this time that satisfactory antagonism can be obtained. The potency of pancuronium when compared with tubocurarine in the study is 6:1, from birth to 28 days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016646"}
{"pmid": "1016648", "title": "Tetany, tetanus or drug reaction? A case report.", "content": "Tetany, tetanus or drug reaction? A case report. An 8-year-old child was given perphenazine to prevent vomiting after surgery and developed an acute dystonic reaction; There were features of both tetany and tetanus without any of the classical features of extrapyramidal disturbance. The diagnostic difficulties are discussed. The reaction was treated successfully with i.v. diazepam. The prescribing of anti-emetics after surgery is examined critically with special reference to children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016648"}
{"pmid": "1016647", "title": "Laryngeal incompetence during neuroleptanalgesia in combination with diazepam.", "content": "Laryngeal incompetence during neuroleptanalgesia in combination with diazepam. In eight patients, following carotid angiography under neuroleptanalgesia, a radiopaque dye was instilled into the pharynx. The chest was x-rayed 15 min later. All eight patients were observed to have aspirated the dye. The technique of neuroleptanalgesia described should not be used without safeguarding the airway in patients liable to regurgitate and inhale gastric contents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016647"}
{"pmid": "1016649", "title": "Hypersensitivity to suxamethonium in a Suffolk family.", "content": "Hypersensitivity to suxamethonium in a Suffolk family. Suxamethonium apnoea developed in a patient who was a homozygote for the atypical gene. Fifty-five members of the patient's family were investigated. Seven further homozygotes were found. Suxamethonium apnoea had been demonstrated previously in one of these. Thirty-two members of the family were heterozygotes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016649"}
{"pmid": "1016653", "title": "Transfer ribonucleic acid methylase activity in adult and foetal rat liver.", "content": "Transfer ribonucleic acid methylase activity in adult and foetal rat liver. Foetal rat liver extracts were found to have higher tRNA methylene activities than corresponding extracts of adult liver. When the specific activities were expressed per mg of liver or per mg of protein, the foetal tRNA methylating enzymes were respectively 2.5 and 6 times higher than those of adult livers. The presence of an inhibitor in adult liver can be excluded, since the same recoveries of total tRNA methylase activity were obtained after partial purification of both adult and foetal liver extracts: yields were close to 100%. The apparent Km's for the substrates in the methylating reactions were the same when tRNA methylases from either adult or foetal liver were used: values were 0.2 muM for Escherichia coli tRNA and 2.1 muM for S-adenosyl-L-methionine. After T1-T2 ribonuclease digestion of an in vitro methylated tRNA, similar methyl nucleotide patterns were observed in foetal and adult enzymatic extracts. It is concluded that the same tRNA methylase pool is present in adult and foetal liver. In addition, it is hypothesized that the different reaction rates exhibited by these enzymes might be due to the tRNA functional requirements rather than to the presence of a tRNA methylase inhibitor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016653"}
{"pmid": "1016659", "title": "Purification and structure of arginase of Bacillus licheniformis.", "content": "Purification and structure of arginase of Bacillus licheniformis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016659"}
{"pmid": "1016660", "title": "A sensitive radioimmunoassay for prostaglandin E2 using dialysis equilibrium.", "content": "A sensitive radioimmunoassay for prostaglandin E2 using dialysis equilibrium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016660"}
{"pmid": "1016662", "title": "Ocular development and involution in the European cave salamander, Proteus anguinus laurenti.", "content": "Ocular development and involution in the European cave salamander, Proteus anguinus laurenti. The anatomy and development of the eye of Proteus anguinus are described. The relationships between organogenesis of the eye in embryos and larva and its involution in the young and the adult are discussed. The availability (in breeding cultures) of a significant number of Proteus embryos (which are normally rare) allowed experimental analysis of the effects of light, xenoplastic differentiation and thyroid hormones on the development of the eye. The results of this study suggest that development and involution of the eye of Proteus are controlled by genetic factors which are not greatly influenced by environment, and one can, therefore, consider the microphthalmy of Proteus as a relict characteristic which is the result of a specific development with disturbance of the normal ontogenic process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016662"}
{"pmid": "1016663", "title": "Observations on the feeding mechanism, diet and digestive physiology of Histriobdella homari Van Beneden 1858: an aberrant polychaete symbiotic with North American and European lobsters.", "content": "Observations on the feeding mechanism, diet and digestive physiology of Histriobdella homari Van Beneden 1858: an aberrant polychaete symbiotic with North American and European lobsters. 1. The aberrant annelid Histriobdella homari (Polychaeta:Eunicida) lives in the branchial chambers of the marine lobsters Homarus americanus and H. vulgaris where it feeds on the rich microflora of bacteria, blue-green algae and related organisms which grow on the inner surface of the branchial chamber, the setae fringing the edges of the carapace, the gill filaments and, especially, the surfaces and setae of the epipodite plates between the gills. H. homari, therefore, is to be regarded as an epizoic microphagous cleaning symbiote of the lobsters. 2. The alimentary canal consists of mouth, buccal cavity, oesophagus, proventriculus, stomach, intestine and anus. The much-modified proboscis lies ventrally below the oesophagus and proventriculus, with its anterior portions protruding into the rear of the buccal cavity. 3. The proboscis consists of two fixed parallel mandibles, a transverse carrier which slides upon the mandibles and to which is attached, posteriorly, a median flexible dorsal rod and, anteriorly, four pairs of movable articulated maxillae, paired external and internal retractor muscles and various tensor, flexor and extensor muscles. 4. Contraction of the retractor muscles withdraws the carrier and maxillae posteriorly, causing bowing of the dorsal rod which is fixed at its posterior end. Relaxation of the muscles allows the rod to straighten and, thus, causes protraction of the carrier and protraction and lateral expansion of the maxillae. Contraction and relaxation of the relaxation of the retractor muscles are supplemented by appropriate changes in the other muscular components of the proboscis. 5. During feeding the serrated anterior ends of the mandibles are applied to the food, the maxillae are fully expanded and then dawn ventro-posteriorly toward the mid-line by contraction of the retractor muscles in the effective movement of the feeding mechanism. This draws the food organisms across the anterior ends of the mandibles, detaching them from the substratum and allowing their ingestion by ciliary action. The first pair of maxillae are also capable of independent action and can be used while the remainder of the proboscis apparatus is held in the protracted position. 6. Detached microorganisms are entangled in a sticky mucous secretion from the salivary glands; other salivary secretions provide a transport medium for the clumped particles and a third set contain C-esterases which initiate digestion. 7. Ingested food is held briefly in the proventriculus, then passed to the stomach where gland cells secrete A- and C-esterases which continue and extend the digestion initiated by the salivary C-esterases. 8. Some soluble products of gastric digestion are taken up by absorptive cells in the stomach wall and their digestion is completed intracellularly by enzymes which include  beta-glucuronidase. Others pass into the intestine for absorption and completion of digestion by cells similar to the gastric absorptive cells but which lack beta-glucuronidase...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016663"}
{"pmid": "1016664", "title": "Thermal compensation in protein and RNA synthesis during the intermolt cycle of the American lobster, Homarus americanus.", "content": "Thermal compensation in protein and RNA synthesis during the intermolt cycle of the American lobster, Homarus americanus. 1. The in vitro rates of incorporation of precursors into protein and RNA and the concentration of RNA were measured in tissues of intermolt and premolt lobsters acclimated to 5 degrees C and 20 degrees C. Midgut gland, abdominal muscle and gill of intermolt lobsters respond to temperature acclimation by a compensatory translation of the rate-temperature (R-T) curves with respect to the rates of incorporation of 3H-leucine and 3H-uridine into the acid-insoluble fraction. Midgut gland and muscle of premolt animals exhibit either no compensation or inverse compensation; gill tissue exhibits a rotation of the R-T curve. 2. The existence of the complete de novo pathway of pyrimidine biosynthesis is demonstrated in the class Crustacea. NaH14 CO2 is incorporated into orotic acid and orotic-14 C-acid is incorporated into the acid-insoluble fraction. 3. Both the concentration of RNA and the rates of incorporation of precursors of both the salvage and de novo pyrimidine pathways are enhanced in the midgut gland of premolt lobsters, relative to intermolt tissue, under conditions of warm-acclimation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016664"}
{"pmid": "1016665", "title": "Morphological adaptation to thermal stress in a marine fish, Fundulus heteroclitus.", "content": "Morphological adaptation to thermal stress in a marine fish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Populations of Fundulus heteroclitus (Cyprinodontidae), a coastal marine fish, were studied in control and artificially heated environments on the north shore of Long Island to determine patterns of variation in morphology and the extent to which this variation reflected adaptation to environmental characteristics. Principal components and discriminant function analyses were used to analyze variation in and among seventeen morphological characters. Fishes living in water artificially heated by a power plant exhibited marked divergence from control populations in head morphology, and convergence with a population sampled at more southern latitudes. Hence, these differences were interpreted as adaptations to warm environments. Greater morphological variation is detected at the heated locality than at control localities, and this may be partially due to a breakdown in developmental homeostasis, and partially due to selection favoring phenotypes that are rare in this environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016665"}
{"pmid": "1016666", "title": "Development and metamorphosis of the sea-star, Astropecten scoparius Valenciennes.", "content": "Development and metamorphosis of the sea-star, Astropecten scoparius Valenciennes. 1. Astropecten scoparius develops to a bipinnaria with simple ciliary bands and short bipinnari arms through a wrinkled blastula by holoblastic, radial cleavage. 2. About seven days after insemination, the posterior portion of the bipinnaria becomes swollen and fine spicules appear on it, while the anterior portion, the stalk, remains unchanged. 3. Metamorphosis takes place gradually at the posterior portion, while the metamorphosing bipinnaria is pelagic. Two weeks after insemination, the stalk rapidly shrinks and the larva sinks to the bottom. 4. About 18 days after insemination, the juvenile completes metamorphois with the opening of the mouth. The newly metamorphosed juvenile is 600 mu in diameter and each arm bears two pairs of the tube-feet, each having a sucker at the tip, and one terminal tentacle with red eye-spot. 5. The aboral skeletal system of the juvenile immediately after metamorphosis is composed of one central, one madreporic, ten radial and interradial plates, in addition to five terminal plates on the arms. 6. The juveniles smaller than about one cm in R do not bear some of the diagnostic features in this species. 7. A characteristic feature of the development of Astropecten, i.e., the lack of a brachiolaria stage, is stressed. The term \"nonbrachiolarian type\" is tentatively proposed to distinguish the development of Astropecten and Luidia, which do not pass through a brachiolaria stage, from the usual indirect type of development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016666"}
{"pmid": "1016667", "title": "Symbiotic association of Photobacterium fischeri with the marine luminous fish Monocentris japonica; a model of symbiosis based on bacterial studies.", "content": "Symbiotic association of Photobacterium fischeri with the marine luminous fish Monocentris japonica; a model of symbiosis based on bacterial studies. Isolation of bacteria from the luminous organ of the fish Monocentris japonica has revealed that the organ contains a pure culture of luminous bacteria. For the four fish examined, all contained Photobacterium  fischeri as their luminous bacterial symbiont. This is the first time that P. fischeri has been identified in a symbiotic association. A representative isolate (MJl) of the light organ population was selected for in vivo studies of its luminous system. Several physiological features suggest adaptation for symbiotic existence. First, MJl has been shown to produce and respond to an inducer of luciferase that could accumulate in the light organ. Secondly, the specific activity of light production was seen to be maximal under low, growth-limiting concentrations of oxygen. Thirdly, unlike another luminous species (Beneckea harveyi), synthesis of the light production system of these bacteria is not catabolite repressed by glucose--a possible source of nutrition in the light organ. Fourthly, when grown aerobically on glucose these bacteria excrete pyruvic acid into the medium. This production of pyruvate is a major process, accounting for 30-40% of the glucose utilized and may serve as a form of regulatory and nutritional communication with the host.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016667"}
{"pmid": "1016668", "title": "Exchanges of sodium and chloride at low salinities by Nereis diversicolor (Annelida, Polychaeta).", "content": "Exchanges of sodium and chloride at low salinities by Nereis diversicolor (Annelida, Polychaeta). 1. Experiments to compare the exchange (total influx) of sodium and chloride in the polychaete Nereis diversicolor in steady-state adaptation to very low salinities are reported. 2. The Na-uptake mechanism shows a high affinity for sodium, reaching half the maximal uptake rate at an external Na-concentration of 8-10 mM/liter (ca. 2% SW), and becomes \"saturated\" or reaches a plateau of uptake at concentrations of 40-50 mM/liter (ca. 10% SW) up to ca. 350 mM/liter (75% SW), above which Na-exchange is proportional to the external concentration. 3. The Cl-uptake curve differs from the Na-uptake curve in showing a relative depression at very low salinities before reaching \"saturation\" at Cl-concentrations of 50-60 mM/liter (ca. 10% SW). Cl-uptake becomes proportional to external concentration in salinities of 50% SW or greater, suggestive of passive diffusion in the ionic and osmotic conforming range. 4. It is shown that the permeability of the body wall, both to Na and to Cl, is reduced at very low salinities, thus destroying one of the assumptions upon which a previously-presented balance-sheet for chloride exchanges in N. diversicolor was based (Smith, 1970a). 5. Attempts to demonstrate an activation of the Na-uptake mechanism at very low salinities were inconclusive; reduction of body-wall permeability to sodium masks any possible activation. 6. It is suggested that the inside-negative body-wall potential is related to the depression of the Cl-uptake curve in salinities below 10% SW.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016668"}
{"pmid": "1016669", "title": "Osmotic adjustment in an estuarine population of Urosalpinx cinerea (Say, 1822) (Muricidae, Gastropoda).", "content": "Osmotic adjustment in an estuarine population of Urosalpinx cinerea (Say, 1822) (Muricidae, Gastropoda). Individuals from a subtidal, estuarine population of the common oyster drill, Urosalpinx cinerea (Say, 1822), were brought into the laboratory and tested for osmotic adjustment to changing salinity. Tissue variables monitored at seven experimental salinities ranging from 10 to 40% were tissue fluid osmolality, chloride, sodium, potassium, free amino acids (FAA), ninhydrin-positive substances (NPS) and water content. The results of this study demonstrate that the test animals did not exhibit anisosmotic regulation at any of the experimental salinities. However, the data do suggest a high degree of hyper-ionic regulation of potassium at all experimental salinities and a hyporegulation of sodium between the 25 and 40% salinities. Taurine, aspartic acid, alanine and glycine were the four FAA present in relatively consistent high amounts. These four amino acids comprised from 59.6 to 75.7% of the total FAA pools. It is postulated that the population does not maintain its euryhaline survival status through an osmoregulatory mechanism. Rather, the population has probably adapted physiologically to withstand dilution of its body fluids during spring conditions of low salinities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016669"}
{"pmid": "1016677", "title": "A method of measuring the temporal/distance factors of gait.", "content": "A method of measuring the temporal/distance factors of gait. There exist many clinical situations where it is desirable to have some measure of a patient's ability to walk. The complex nature of human locomotion is reflected by the number of parameters that have been measured in previous studies of gait analysis. The temporal/distance factors of gait have been found to be extremely useful as a measure of a person's functional mobility. This paper describes a system which has been developed to measure these parameters of gait.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016677"}
{"pmid": "1016678", "title": "A solid state delayed auditory feedback system for speech therapy.", "content": "A solid state delayed auditory feedback system for speech therapy. A delayed auditory feedback system has been constructed using solid state integrated circuit components. The construction of the instrument is described and the advantages of such an electronic device over conventional electro-mechanical systems are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016678"}
{"pmid": "1016679", "title": "Elevated myo-inositol concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of neonates and of patients with an impaired state of consciousness.", "content": "Elevated myo-inositol concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid of neonates and of patients with an impaired state of consciousness. A simple, semiquantitative paper chromatographic method was used to identify samples of cerebrospinal fluid containing elevated concentrations of myo-inositol. All patients whose CSF inositol concentrations were greater than 70 mug/ml (as determined by S. carlsbergensis microbiological assay) showed disturbances of the state of consciousness, reported as stupor, coma or confusion in adults, or apathy and stupor in infants. An elevated level of inositol in cerebrospinal fluid appeared to be a characteristic finding in infants under one year of age. Among other age groups no common etiology was correlated with high inositol concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016679"}
{"pmid": "1016680", "title": "Inhibition of free fatty acid release from isolated rat epididymal fat cells by some natural occurring organic acids.", "content": "Inhibition of free fatty acid release from isolated rat epididymal fat cells by some natural occurring organic acids. The effects of some mono-, di- and tricarboxylic substrates (acetate, pyruvate, L-lactate, L-alanine, D,L-beta-hydroxybutyrate, succinate, D,L-malate, alpha-oxoglutarate, L-glutamate and citrate) on the basal lypolytic activity of isolated white adipocytes from fasted rats were investigated \"in vitro\". At concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 mM, the compounds tested, except lactate, had no influence on the rate of glycerol release but markedly reduced the free fatty acid (FFA) release. Lactate reduced both the glycerol and FFA release. As this \"in vitro\" lowering effect on FFA release was observed using concentrations occurring \"in vivo\" in the blood for lactate, beta-hydrobutyrate, and alanine, these results suggest that, besides lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate, alanine may also assume an important role in the \"in vivo\" regulation of peripheral FFA mobilization and consequently of ketogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016680"}
{"pmid": "1016681", "title": "Enhancement of murine erythrocyte auto-antibody responses by Rauscher leukemogenic virus and by a weak allogeneic stimulation.", "content": "Enhancement of murine erythrocyte auto-antibody responses by Rauscher leukemogenic virus and by a weak allogeneic stimulation. B6/c mice do not develop spontaneous positive direct Coomb's tests (DCT), but they are highly susceptible to the induction of erythrocyte auto-antibodies by immunization with cross reacting rat blood cells (36% positive DCT). Rauscher leukemogenic virus (RLV) does not directly induce DCT in these susceptible mice; neither does the inoculation of parental spleen cells. On the other hand both RLV and allogeneic stimulation by parental spleen cells enhance the incidence of the rat blood cell-induced DCT (up to 75% and 69% respectively). This is discussed in terms of a separate etiology to antinuclear and anti-erythrocyte auto-antibodies and of the possible mechanisms of auto-immune stimulation by oncogenic viruses or allogeneic stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016681"}
{"pmid": "1016685", "title": "On the analysis of linear binding effects associated with curved Scatchard plots.", "content": "On the analysis of linear binding effects associated with curved Scatchard plots. First the question is examined as to which binding data, especially if given as Scatchard plots, can be described in terms of a basic model mechanism. This referes to a linear lattice of equivalent binding sites (as for example located on a linear biopolymer) which can exert cooperative interaction between nearest neighbors. It is shown that the effect of overlapping of potential site (so-called \"multiple-contact\"binding), as may occur with larger ligands, will largely be compensated by a higher degree of cooperativity. Therefore, in practice such properties can scarcely be separated by means of oridnary binding experiments. A pronounced inflection point in the Scatchard plot turns out to be clearly indicating a more complex mechanism involving at least two rather antagonistic cooperative interactions which may, however, occur even between equivalent binding sites. Finally some consequences of different classes of bindings sites are considered. In particular a simple approach is introduced by which the binding to mutually exclusive classes of sites may be described. Such a model is of interest for multiple-mode binding of ionic ligands to oppositely charged polymers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016685"}
{"pmid": "1016683", "title": "Optical studies on complexes between DNA and pseudoisocyanine.", "content": "Optical studies on complexes between DNA and pseudoisocyanine. Linear dichroism (LD) results when pseudoisocyanine=PIC (1,1-diethy1-2,2-cyannine iodide) binds to flow-oriented DNA. LD may be used to follow the complexation both stoichmetrically and structurally, since when specified to unti complex concentration LD provides a measure of the average orientation of the absorbing transition dipole. Two different types of complexes can be distinguished: I. One strong, ionic-strength insensitive complex with monomeric PIC with an orientation indication intercalation. II. Several weaker complexes of electrostatic nature (only observed at I less than 0.2M Na Cl) among which those with dimeric (IIa) and with polymeric (IIb) PIC are concluded both from LD and from circular dichroism (CD). The dimer is probably formed by employing one intercalated PIC as a second site. The polymer complex is characterized by a very sharp absorption band at 553 nm polarized parallel to the DNA-axis (with positive LD and positive CL). The structure, a right-handed helical array of PIC molecules, is discussed in terms of exciton theory in relation to that of polymeric free PIC (\"Scheibe polymer\") which is also shown to interact with DNA (IIc) yielding a large aggregate which is degraded at a distinct flow force field...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016683"}
{"pmid": "1016682", "title": "Fluorescence and flow dichroism of F-actin-epsilon-ADP; the orientation of the admine plane relative to the long axis of F-actin.", "content": "Fluorescence and flow dichroism of F-actin-epsilon-ADP; the orientation of the admine plane relative to the long axis of F-actin. The excitation polarization spectrum of epsilon-ADP bound to F-actin shows that two absorption dipoles at 260 nm and 340 nm are oriented in different directions relative to the emission dipole. On the other hand, the linear dichroism of F-actin-epsilon-ADP gives that the dichroic ratio of the bound epsilon-ADP is approximately constant (about-0.5) in the wavelength region form 250 to 350nm. Furthermore, the fluorescence polarization of epsilon-ADP bound to F-actin which is oriented in the field of flow shows that the emission dipole is nearly perpendicular to the long axis of F-actin. From these observations we conclude that the adenine plane of the bound nucleotide is almost perpendicular to the long axis of F-actin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016682"}
{"pmid": "1016684", "title": "Model calculations of casein micelle size distributions.", "content": "Model calculations of casein micelle size distributions. A previously proposed model for the formation and structure of casein micelles from subunits of variable composition is used to calculate theoretical micelle size distributions. Using the fractional content of k-casein as the only variable but with a value near that observed in a sample of milk serum, the model successfully reproduces experimentally determined distributions. Predicted size distributions are quite sensitive to the value of the variable and shift toward smaller average size as the assumed fractional content k-casein gets larger. Also, there is a discontinuity in the distributions which predicts that there will be essentially no micelles with radii smaller than 25-30 nm. These predictions are all in accord with experimental observations. The good agreement between theory and experimenet supports the micelle structure suggested by the model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016684"}
{"pmid": "1016687", "title": "High pressure enzyme kinetics of dextransucrase.", "content": "High pressure enzyme kinetics of dextransucrase. The pressure dependence of enzymatic dextran formation has been observed up to 1000 at for several substrate concentrations. First order denaturation effects could be separated from the thermodynamic effects, which lead to a volume of 30.4 to 44.0 ccm per mole for the formation and -13.6ccm per mole for the activation of the enzyme-substrate complex. Denaturation depends on the substrate concentration. This leads to the conslusion that only the free enzyme is denatured, wheras the ES complex is stable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016687"}
{"pmid": "1016686", "title": "Aggregation of chlorophylls in monolayers.", "content": "Aggregation of chlorophylls in monolayers. The interaction of dioxane vapor with monolayer and multilayers of chlorophyll has been studied using electronic and infarared spectroscopies. Our results indicate the formation of a complex implying the oxygene of the dioxanc molecules with the magnesiums of adjacent chlorophyll molecules. These results are consistent with the molecular orbital calculations, using the \"free electron network\" method done by Le Brech, Leblanc and Antippa [Chem. Phys. Letters 26(1974) 37-44].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016686"}
{"pmid": "1016688", "title": "Thermodynamic properties of polyelectrolyte solutions containing mixtures of monovalent and trivalent counterions.", "content": "Thermodynamic properties of polyelectrolyte solutions containing mixtures of monovalent and trivalent counterions. The osmotic coefficients, heats of dilution, and volume changes on dilution of aqueous solutions containing mixtures of polystyrenesulfonic acid and its lanthanum salt have been determined at 25 degrees C. The curve representing the osmotic coefficient as a function of the equivalent fraction of the acid has a maximum; the corresponding curves for the enthalpy and volume changes on dilution have a sigmoidal shape. Experimental results have been compared with predictions of the theory based on the cell model with cylindrical symmetry. A semiquantitative agreement between theory and experiment has been found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016688"}
{"pmid": "1016689", "title": "Investigation of the electronic term scheme of deoxygenated human haemoglobin by a least squares fit procedure using simultaneously magnetic susceptibility and Mössbauer data.", "content": "Investigation of the electronic term scheme of deoxygenated human haemoglobin by a least squares fit procedure using simultaneously magnetic susceptibility and Mössbauer data. The calculation of the magnetic susceptibility from a published term scheme for the ferrous iron in deoxygenated human haemoglobin is discussed and a procedure for the simultaneous least squares fit of susceptibility and Mössbauer data is presented. The application of this procedure to the appropriate measurements on human haemoglobin leads to a rearrangement of the low lying electronic levels of the iron. The term schemes received as results of two different sets of susceptibility data used in combination with one set of Mössbauer data overlap with their error bars. The obtained level scheme of the Fe is correlated with the distance of the iron atom from the haem plane and the distance Fe-HIS F8, and some biological implications of these correlations are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016689"}
{"pmid": "1016674", "title": "Mucus depletion, plasma protein leakage and latent or gross bleeding from gastric mucosa, following extragastric war wounds in Vietnam.", "content": "Mucus depletion, plasma protein leakage and latent or gross bleeding from gastric mucosa, following extragastric war wounds in Vietnam.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016674"}
{"pmid": "1016690", "title": "The problem of nonstationary ion fluxes in excitable membranes.", "content": "The problem of nonstationary ion fluxes in excitable membranes. Time-dependent electrodiffusion through a membrane is analysed within a simple model treating the boundary-layers in a consistent manner. It is shown that time-independent reversal potentials for the ion fluxes exist only under steady-state conditions. We argue that this result holds very generally. Therefore nonstationary effect like ion storage and depletion inside the membrane should not contribute to the phenomena of excitability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016690"}
{"pmid": "1016696", "title": "The handedness or chirality of biological structure at the molecular and at higher levels of structural organisation.", "content": "The handedness or chirality of biological structure at the molecular and at higher levels of structural organisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016696"}
{"pmid": "1016691", "title": "Theory of fluorescence polarization of oriented pigment molecules in spherical arrays.", "content": "Theory of fluorescence polarization of oriented pigment molecules in spherical arrays. Theoretical results are presented which are appropriate for the analysis of the static polarized fluorescence experiment with oriented pigment molecules in spherical arrays (vesicles). Though the global orientation mediated over the whole sphere is isotropic, the fluorescent molecules may have preferred local orientation with respect to the local plane. As in a former paper, concerning fluroescence polarization in planar arrays, three basic (local) orientation distributions of the electronic transition moments are investigated, which may be expected to describe a wide class of real cases with sufficient accuracy. Analytic expressions for the degree of polarization are derived. One important result is that the degree of polarization may be extremely dependent on the local orientation of transition moments. Hence the usual method of determination of microviscosities from experiments with vesicles with the use of the theory of fluorescence polarization for macromolecules in solutions should be regarded with great caution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016691"}
{"pmid": "1016695", "title": "Complementary molecular models of learning and memory.", "content": "Complementary molecular models of learning and memory. The functional capabilities of the brain are formally characterizable interms of a finite system along with a memory space which it can manipulate. Two types of learning are possible: (1) modification-based learning, associated with alternate realizations of the finite system; (2) memory-based learning, associated with the assimilation, manipulation, and retrieval of memories. Constructive models which fulfill these conditions and which at the same time operate on the basis of molecular information processing principles have certain general features. We describe these features in terms of two interfaced submodels, the first for the finite system and the second for the memory space. The finite system may be realized by networks of neurons in which the specificity of enzyme molecules controls the nerve impulse. Such a realization is amenable to modification-based learning mediated by processes analogous to those of natural evolution and selective theories of antibody synthesis. The memory space is realizable by networks of neurons in which the conformation of dendritic receptor molecules controls the nerve impulse. In this case certain neurons firing in response to an external input undergo sensitization at the dendrites and in such a way that they are loadable and later callable by reference neurons, thereby allowing for reconstruction of manipulation of the firing pattern associated with this input. The overall construction makes a large number of biochemical, anatomical, physiological, and psychological predictions which are either testable or in good agreement with fact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016695"}
{"pmid": "1016694", "title": "Facilitated diffusion of amino acids across bimolecular lipid membranes as a model for selective accumulation of amino acids in a primordial protocell.", "content": "Facilitated diffusion of amino acids across bimolecular lipid membranes as a model for selective accumulation of amino acids in a primordial protocell.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016694"}
{"pmid": "1016692", "title": "Orientation and rotational freedom of fluorescent probes in lecithin bilayers.", "content": "Orientation and rotational freedom of fluorescent probes in lecithin bilayers. The fluorescence polarization properties of lecithin bilayers stained with 2,6-MANS and 1,8 ANS under applied potential steps have been studied. The fluorescence signal components of both dyes were found to have different sign and relative amplitude, suggesting that 1,8-ANS and 2,6-MANS behave differently when bound to black lipid membranes. In order to determine the location and the extent of rotational brownian motions of the bound chromophores, the experimental data were analyzed by using a simplified physico-mathematical model. According to it 2,6-MANS appears to have a ratio rho/tau higher than 1.8-ANS (rho being the rotational relaxation of in plane rotations and tau the lifetime of the excited singlet state of the bound molecules), suggesting that the former chromophore is more tightly held inside the bilayers. Furthermore, 2,6-MANS is found to possess the absorption and emission oscillators more closely oriented to the normal of membrane surface, while 1,8-ANS has both oscillators almost near the plane of the bilayers. The results furnish also a fair estimate of the random molecular motion own by the phospholipid molecules at room temperature. The comparison of the present data with those obtained from squid axon membranes confirms the validity of the proposed physical model, yielding a rough estimate of the axon membrane-area covered by integral protein macromolecules. These preliminary results derived from lecithin model membranes suggest that fluorescence polarization techniques can provide valuable informations if applied to study the macromolecular organization of in vitro reconstituted membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016692"}
{"pmid": "1016693", "title": "Kinetic isotope effects in the photochemical cycle of bacteriorhodopsin.", "content": "Kinetic isotope effects in the photochemical cycle of bacteriorhodopsin. Kinetics were determined for the four transients K590, L540, M410, O660 of the photochemical cycle of bacteriorhodopsin (BR570) both in 1H2O and in 2H2O over a wide temperature range. Breaks in the Arrhenius plots, observed at 25 degrees-32 degrees for the longest-lived transients coincide with a transition point in the microviscosity of the membrane as measured by depolarization of an added fluorescent probe. The earliest isotope effect occurs in the decay of L540, and is present in the subsequent formation and decay of M410 and O660. Thus in the light-driven proton pump of BR570, proton ejection from the Schiff base correlates with decay of L540 and reprotonation occurs with the decay of both M410 and O660 back to BR570.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016693"}
{"pmid": "1016697", "title": "Abiotic synthesis of some polysaccharide-like and polypeptide-like structures in cold plasma.", "content": "Abiotic synthesis of some polysaccharide-like and polypeptide-like structures in cold plasma. Starting from methane, ammonia and water vapors polypeptide-like and polysaccharide-like structures have been synthesized in cold plasma conditions. By gel filtration analysis of the raw product eight fractions of different molecular weight have been separated. The partial chemical nature of each fraction and of the hydrolysis products has been determined using elementary analysis, IR spectroscopy, paper, thin-layer and gas-chromatography. It is noteworthy that higher proportions of H2O in the feed composition increase the amount of sugar and polysaccharide-like compounds in the reaction product.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016697"}
{"pmid": "1016735", "title": "Influence of magnesium on calcium- and potassium-related responses in vascular smooth muscle.", "content": "Influence of magnesium on calcium- and potassium-related responses in vascular smooth muscle. The influence of Mg on Ca- and K-related responses of rabbit aortic strips was studied. Aortic strips bathed in either a K-free or 60.0 mM K solution were less sensitive to Ca in the presence of 1.2 mm Mg. Ca induced greater maximum tension in the aortic strips in the presence of Mg when bathed in 60.0 mM K. Addition of K to a K-free medium induced a slight relaxation at low concentrations (is less than 1.0 mm) which was Ca dependent. The relaxation was less in the presence of Mg. Wiolution were less sensitive to Ca in the presence of 1.2 mm Mg. Ca induced greater maximum tension in the aortic strips in the presence of Mg when bathed in 60.0 mm K. Addition of K to a K-free medium induced a slight relaxation at low concentrations (is less thth Mg in the medium throughout the experiment (90 min), the threshold concentration of K, including a contractile response, was increased as was the maximum tension. Acute addition of Mg decreased the maximum response to K. When K was lowered from 5.4 to 0.0 mm a contractile response, absent in the presence of Mg, occurred. When the K was increased, the tension returned to baseline. At 25-30 mm K, the tension again increased, reaching a maximum at 40-50 mm K. Ca uptake was stimulated at all K concentrations producing a contraction. Mg depressed this increase in uptake. 45Ca efflux was more rapid into a 50.0 mm than into 0.0 mm K solution. Mg delayed Ca efflux. It is concluded from these data that Mg has two components in its effect on the Ca associated with K responses. One is a competition with Ca at extracellular sites probably at the membrane, and the other is intracellular, probably a competition with Ca at sequestration sites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016735"}
{"pmid": "1016736", "title": "Standstill of nailfold capillary blood flow during cooling in scleroderma and Raynaud's syndrome.", "content": "Standstill of nailfold capillary blood flow during cooling in scleroderma and Raynaud's syndrome. Capillary blood flow in nailfold capillaries, observed continuously by capillary microscopy during standardized cold exposure (16 degrees C) has been compared in 15 patients with scleroderma (SD), 6 patients with Raynaud's syndrome (RS) without known organic pathology, and 9 normal controls. Capillary microscopy affords direct observation of capillary blood flow and allows one to determine if standstill of capillary circulation occurs (as defined by the movement of the red blood cell column), a state impossible to differentiate from near zero flow by conventional methods. Complete standstill of capillary blood flow occurred in 10 of 15 patients with SD and in 1 of 6 patients with RS. Intermittent standstill was observed in 5 of 15 SD and in 4 of 6 RS patients. In all normal subjects and in 1 of 6 patients with RS the capillary blood flow continued throughout the cooling period. Thus all 15 patients with SD and 5 of 6 patients with RS could be distinguished from control subjects by the development of capillary standstill on cooling. It is concluded that capillary microscopy can separate SD and RS patients from control subjects during cold exposure and may be useful in early diagnosis and prognosis of rheumatic syndromes and in the evaluation of therapy designed to improve the nutritional capillary blood flow of the skin. Whereas the complete standstill of capillary blood flow appears to be definitely associated with pathology, the intermittent standstill pattern as defined in this study may be an exaggerated form of flow fluctuation also seen in normal subjects. A larger number of subjects will have to be studied to determine whether patients with RS of the vasopastic type without connective tissue disease can be distinguished from normal subjects with low finger blood flow rates in cold conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016736"}
{"pmid": "1016738", "title": "Density of perivascular nerves on some cerebral and extracerebral blood vessels.", "content": "Density of perivascular nerves on some cerebral and extracerebral blood vessels. The perivascular adrenergic nerves were counted as they crossed a grid-line superimposed on rat cerebral or femoral arteries and arterioles, and on the portal vein and its tributaries. The nerves were visualized with the formaldehyde-vapor, fluorescence technique. No support was received for the hypothesis that cerebral vessels are better innervated than extracerebral vessels. In fact, the density of nerves was significantly greater on the femoral and portal vessels than on the cerebral.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016738"}
{"pmid": "1016737", "title": "Comparison of the excitatory and inhibitory effects of angiotensin and vasopressin on mammalian portal vein.", "content": "Comparison of the excitatory and inhibitory effects of angiotensin and vasopressin on mammalian portal vein. Angiotensin produced inhibitory and excitatory responses in guinea pig portal vein and excitatory responses in rabbit and rat portal vein. Vasopressin produced inhibitory responses in guinea pig and rabbit portal vein and excitatory and inhibitory responses in rat portal vein. In guinea pig portal vein, inhibition by angiotensin and vasopressin was associated with an increase in membrane potential which was, on average, smaller than that produced by isoprenaline, and with a suppression of spike discharges. Tachyphylaxis of the responses to angiotensin and vasopressin in portal vein was not observed and their effects were unaffected by tetrodotoxin, atropine and phentolamine plus propranolol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016737"}
{"pmid": "1016751", "title": "Distribution of 2,4-D and picloram applied by a mist blower.", "content": "Distribution of 2,4-D and picloram applied by a mist blower.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016751"}
{"pmid": "1016752", "title": "Behavior of mallard ducklings from parents fed 3 ppm DDE.", "content": "Behavior of mallard ducklings from parents fed 3 ppm DDE. Mallard ducks fed a diet containing 3 ppm DDE (equal to about 0.6 ppm in a natural succulent diet) laid eggs that contained an average of 5.8 ppm DDE; ducklings that hatched from these eggs differed from controls in behavioral tests designed to measure responses to a maternal call and to a frightening stimulus. In response to the maternal call, ducklings from parents fed DDE were hyper-responsive; compared to controls, a greater percentage approached the call and a greater percentage of those that approached remained near the call for the remainder of the test. In a test of avoidance behavior, ducklings whose parents were fed DDE traveled shorter distances from the firghtening stimulus than did controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016752"}
{"pmid": "1016753", "title": "Analysis of pesticide residues in 290 samples of Guatemalan mother's milk.", "content": "Analysis of pesticide residues in 290 samples of Guatemalan mother's milk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016753"}
{"pmid": "1016754", "title": "Copper toxicity in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.", "content": "Copper toxicity in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016754"}
{"pmid": "1016755", "title": "Mouse teratology studies with chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins.", "content": "Mouse teratology studies with chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016755"}
{"pmid": "1016756", "title": "The acute toxicity of four herbicides to 0-4 hour nauplii of Cyclops vernalis Fisher (Copepoda, Cyclopoida).", "content": "The acute toxicity of four herbicides to 0-4 hour nauplii of Cyclops vernalis Fisher (Copepoda, Cyclopoida).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016756"}
{"pmid": "1016757", "title": "Persistence and biodegradation of hinosan in soil.", "content": "Persistence and biodegradation of hinosan in soil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016757"}
{"pmid": "1016758", "title": "Apparent potentiation of the cotton defoliant DEF by methyl parathion in mosquitofish.", "content": "Apparent potentiation of the cotton defoliant DEF by methyl parathion in mosquitofish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016758"}
{"pmid": "1016759", "title": "The uptake and interorgan distribution of mercury in a carnivorous crab.", "content": "The uptake and interorgan distribution of mercury in a carnivorous crab.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016759"}
{"pmid": "1016760", "title": "The effect of a No. 2 fuel oil and a South Louisiana crude oil on the behavior of the soft shell clam, Mya arenaria L.", "content": "The effect of a No. 2 fuel oil and a South Louisiana crude oil on the behavior of the soft shell clam, Mya arenaria L.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016760"}
{"pmid": "1016761", "title": "A descriptive evaluation of the effects of No. 2 fuel oil on the tissues of the soft shell clam, Mya arenaria L.", "content": "A descriptive evaluation of the effects of No. 2 fuel oil on the tissues of the soft shell clam, Mya arenaria L.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016761"}
{"pmid": "1016762", "title": "Effects of lead nitrate ingestion on open-field behavior of mallard ducklings.", "content": "Effects of lead nitrate ingestion on open-field behavior of mallard ducklings. Mallard ducklings were fed a control diet or a diet containing 5, 50, or 500 ppm lead as lead nitrate, ad libitum, and their open-field behavior was tested after either 3 or 8 days on treatments. Differences in open-field performances among treatments were not significant. Percentage weight gain differed significantly among treatment groups over an 8 day period, with the least growth occurring in the 5 ppm treatment group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016762"}
{"pmid": "1016763", "title": "Nitrosation of benzoxazolinone.", "content": "Nitrosation of benzoxazolinone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016763"}
{"pmid": "1016764", "title": "Uptake and accumulation of the nickel ion by Mytilus edulis.", "content": "Uptake and accumulation of the nickel ion by Mytilus edulis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016764"}
{"pmid": "1016765", "title": "Multielement absorption by crops grown on Ithaca sludge-amended soil.", "content": "Multielement absorption by crops grown on Ithaca sludge-amended soil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016765"}
{"pmid": "1016766", "title": "Trace metals in teeth at birth (1957-1963 and 1972-1973).", "content": "Trace metals in teeth at birth (1957-1963 and 1972-1973).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016766"}
{"pmid": "1016767", "title": "Acid-base changes in acute exacerbation of chronic hypercapnia in man.", "content": "Acid-base changes in acute exacerbation of chronic hypercapnia in man. Acid-base parameters were studied in 10 adult patients with chronic respiratory failure during spontaneous acute exacerbations of chronic hypercapnia and after return and stabilization of PaCO2 values at previous levels with improvement of clinical conditions. All factors interfering with acid-base equilibrium were carefully avoided. The results of this investigation confirm qualitatively those obtained by GOLDSTEIN et al. [7] in dog studies and those of INGRAM et al. [9]in human studies: increasing degrees of chronic hypercapnia tend to minimize the pH reduction induced by acute PACO2 changes. From a quantitative standpoint INGRAM's data in humans are considerably different from GOLDSTEIN's data obtained in dogs. Our data, although numerically limited, confirm the acute deltaH+/deltaPaCO2 slope obtained from dogs by GOLDSTEIN et al. As data are not yet sufficient, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. However the pattern of acid-base equilibrium changes in man in this situation seems to be similar to that observed by GOLDSTEIN et al. in the dog and could be described with reasonable accuracy by the theoretical model of LEUENBERGER et al.[13].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016767"}
{"pmid": "1016768", "title": "Venous carbon dioxide tensions in chronic obstructive lung disease.", "content": "Venous carbon dioxide tensions in chronic obstructive lung disease. Eighteen patients with severe chronic obstructive lung disease (arterial PCO2 greater than 45 mmHg arterial PCO2 less than 55 mmHg) were studied during a stable period of their disease. Samples of arterial blood and blood from the main pulmonary artery, internal jugular vein, hepatic vein, renal vein and femoral vein were taken by manipulating a Cournand catheter to each of these sites in rapid succession. An estimate of the regional distribution of blood flow was derived from the arterio-venous oxygen content difference of each organ. Expired air was collected into a spirometer. There was a redistribution of blood flow in these patients with chronic lung disease in accord with the observations made by others in the past. Carbon dioxide concentration in the venous blood depends on 1. the blood flow to an organ, and 2. the carbon dioxide production by the organ. The total body CO2 production was within normal limits and there is no reason to suspect any alteration in carbon dioxide production by individual organs in these resting patients. Thus the venous CO2 levels are intimately linked with organ blood flow but even a substantial increase in organ blood flow cannot always compensate for the disorder in the lung. The exact role of CO2 in regulating the peripheral circulation cannot be assessed from this study but they do emphasize the importance of regional blood flow in regulating the concentration of CO2 in the venous blood and presumably in the tissues making up the organ.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016768"}
{"pmid": "1016770", "title": "CO2 stores of the lung.", "content": "CO2 stores of the lung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016770"}
{"pmid": "1016771", "title": "Elevation in erythrocyte-l-glutamate in chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia.", "content": "Elevation in erythrocyte-l-glutamate in chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016771"}
{"pmid": "1016777", "title": "Effects of chronic hypercapnia on calcium metabolism.", "content": "Effects of chronic hypercapnia on calcium metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016777"}
{"pmid": "1016781", "title": "The effect of inhalation hypercapnia in healthy subjects on the acidity of gastric juice.", "content": "The effect of inhalation hypercapnia in healthy subjects on the acidity of gastric juice. The pathogenesis of gastroduodenal ulcer associated with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease is complicated, as is the pathogenesis of these two disease entities separately. It is evident that a multifactorial dependence is involved which has not yet been resolved completely. Hence, there is no \"magna cause morbi\" but rather a multiform and dynamically variable chain of causes, consequences and conditions, some of which may be of genetic dependence. In the possible complex of causes leading to the genesis of gastroduodenal ulcer associated with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, the author investigated the effect of isolated hypercapnia on the acidity of gastric juice and mucous membrane in 18 healthy normacid subjects. The results of this study that in healthy subjects isolated hypercapnia leads to a statistically significant increase in acidity of gastric juice and mucous membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016781"}
{"pmid": "1016784", "title": "Brain organic acids during hypercapnia.", "content": "Brain organic acids during hypercapnia. Experiments in rats during acute and prolonged periods of hypercapnia show important changes in the glutamate and glutamine content of the brain. Compartmentation studies using labelled glutamate intracisternally injected show an increased turnover of the small glutamate compartment. The possible pathophysiological significance of these observations is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016784"}
{"pmid": "1016783", "title": "Carbon dioxide and liver blood flow.", "content": "Carbon dioxide and liver blood flow. This study was designed to determine blood flow to the liver during hypercapnia and combined hypercapnia-hypoxia with the portal vein and hepatic artery intact except for placement of an electromagnetic flow probe around these vessels. Twenty mongrel dogs weighing 30-45 kg were anesthetized with pentobarbital and flow probes and occluders were surgically implanted. Ten of these dogs were subjected to hypercapnia alone. During inspiration of 6% CO2 in room air, portal vein flow increased from 588 +/- 73 ml/min to 731 +/- 113 ml/min (p less than .05), while hepatic artery flow did not change significantly from its control mean of 221 +/- 38 ml/min. In the remaining dogs, inhalation of 6% O2 resulted in a reduction of portal blood flow within 30 min from 527 +/- 55 ml/min to 381 +/- 41 ml/min (p less than .01). Again, mean hepatic artery flow did not increase significantly above its control of 273 +/- 43 ml/min. Subsequent inhalation of 6% CO2 plus 6% O2 (combined hypercapniahypoxia) for 30 min in these same animals resulted in a significant increase of portal vein blood flow from 514 +/- 46 ml/min to 716 +/- 116 ml/min (p less than .05). Thus, hypercapnia alone increases total liver blood flow, primarily by an increase in portal vein flow. Hypoxia results in a decrease in portal vein flow. The superimposition of hypercapnia on hypoxia restores blood flow to a level close to that found with hypercapnia alone. Hypercapnia in the range of 63 +/- 4 mmHg PCO2 overwhelms the tendency toward a reduction of portal vein blood flow induced by an arterial PO2 of 42 +/- 5 mmHg in the presence of mild hypocapnia (PCO2 : 30.2 +/- 1 mmHg).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016783"}
{"pmid": "1016791", "title": "Early detection of airway abnormalities in a selected group of population.", "content": "Early detection of airway abnormalities in a selected group of population. Functional data were collected from 5,746 males from a country region, whose ages ranged from 14 to 65 years. Out of this population we excluded a group of 466 males (9%) who had abnormal results of traditional pulmonary function screening tests (FVC less than 80% reference values or FEV1% FVC less than 70%) and chose a group of 1,092 males (19%) with normal values for the above two parameters but with abnormal forced mid-expiratory flow. In randomly selected persons of the second group we found frequency dependent dynamic compliance (100%), abnormal maximum expiratory flow at 25% of vital capacity (98%), increased residual volume (76%), decreased maximum expiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (67%), and increased closing capacity (57%); on the contrary static complicane and airway resistance were normal. To account for these results we suppose that measurement of forced mid-expiratory flow, abnormal values of which we obtained in practically one fifth of the experimental population, could represent, in agreement with other reports, a suitable screening test for first or early detection of airway abnormalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016791"}
{"pmid": "1016788", "title": "Disturbances in pulmonary gaseous exchange in primary hyperlipoproteinemias.", "content": "Disturbances in pulmonary gaseous exchange in primary hyperlipoproteinemias. Carbon monoxide diffusion (DLCO), blood gas analysis at rest and after exercise, distribution of ventilation and perfusion by Xenon 133 were carried out in 43 hyperlipidemic patients, Fredrickson's types I, IIA, IIB, and IV. DLCO was significantly reduced in hypertriglyceridemic and to a lesser degree in hypercholesterolemic patients. A significant negative correlation was found between DLCO and triglyceride values. Significantly lower basal PaO2 values, which improved after exercise, were observed in both type IIA and type IV hyperlipemic patients. The ventilation/perfusion ratio distribution (V/Q) did not increase from the basal to the apical segments of the lungs in hyperlipidemic patients as it did in normals. The hypothesis of an alteration in pulmonary surface-active lipoprotein, directly related to hyperlipoproteinemia or indirectly caused by fat microembolism, may explain the reduced DLCO, the loss of V/Q gradient, and the decrease in PaO2 (which improves after exercise) observed in hyperlipemic patients. Disturbances in pulmonary gas exchange and PaO2 reduction could play an important role in the pathogenesis of both angina pain due to ischaemic heart disease, which is frequently observed in hyperlipemic patients, and the postprandial angina syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016788"}
{"pmid": "1016787", "title": "Mucociliary transport in central and intermediate size airways: effect of aminophyllin.", "content": "Mucociliary transport in central and intermediate size airways: effect of aminophyllin. Mucociliary transport and the percentage of ciliated cells were studied in large and intermediate sized airways (generations 0-3) of anesthetized mongrel dogs before and after aminophyllin administration. The mean percentage of ciliated cells decreased respectively from 22.0% and 25.4% in the trachea and main bronchi to 8.0% in the lobar and 2.7% in the segmental bronchi. The fastest mean mucous velocity was found in the trachea (4.9 mm/min, S.E. 1.0). Mucous velocity decreased 38% from the trachea to the main bronchi, 55% to the lobar bronchi, and 66% to the segmental bronchi. A positive correlation (r = 0.75) was demonstrated between mucous velocity and the percentage of ciliated cells. After aminophyllin administration, mucous velocity increased 59% in the trachea and 27% in the main bronchi. No statistical difference in mucous velocity could be demonstrated in the smaller airways after aminophyllin, probably due to relative insensitivity of the method in short bronchi with low mucous velocities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016787"}
{"pmid": "1016797", "title": "A sampling method for mean alveolar gas in normal subjects and patients with respiratory disease.", "content": "A sampling method for mean alveolar gas in normal subjects and patients with respiratory disease. The paper describes an alveolar gas sampling method based on the criterion of equality of mean alveolar (RA) and expired (RE) respiratory quotients. Expired gas is sampled at an expired volume equal to VT/2 + VD by means of a mechanical sampler controlled by an analog computer. Eleven normal subjects and 50 patients with cardiopulmonary disease have been tested. When the difference between mean alveolar and expired respiratory quotients did not exceed 0.05, the result was considered to be satisfactory. Such results have been obtained in 40 patients and all of the normal subjects. For the remaining 10 patients, either experimental error and/or particular non-homogeneities in ventilation seemed to be the cause of the unsatisfactory results. Arterial to alveolar PCO2 differences have been calculated. The mean difference in normal subjects was never negative (1.86 +/- 1.58 torr).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016797"}
{"pmid": "1016796", "title": "Emphysema as possible explanation for the alteration of expiratory PO2 and PCO2 curves.", "content": "Emphysema as possible explanation for the alteration of expiratory PO2 and PCO2 curves. The present explanation of the shape of deformed expiratory partial pressure curves of O2, CO2, N2 and foreign gases as being caused by sequential convective emptying of compartments with decreasing VA/Q is put into question, since the same deformation can be observed in healthy subjects during simultaneous breathing of helium and SF6, where the SF6 curve is deformed and the helium curve has a normal shape. The high molecular weight of SF6 causes a delay of its gaseous diffusion from the peripheral air spaces of the lung. A similar delay can be caused by emphysematous changes such as a longer distance for diffusion, an increased alveolar volume and a reduction of the number of small airways, where the gas has to pass through. Different data from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, from induced changes of bronchomotor tone, from comparison of patients with relatively pure emphysema and patients with airway obstruction and from autopsy suggest that stratification and serial inhomogeneities, caused by emphysema, are at least a reasonable, if not a better explanation for the deformation than the VA/Q concept with sequential emptying of parallel units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016796"}
{"pmid": "1016806", "title": "Studies of the visible spectrum of the welding arc.", "content": "Studies of the visible spectrum of the welding arc.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016806"}
{"pmid": "1016807", "title": "A hygienic analysis of mechanical vibrations in a voyage aboard the semicontainer ship M/S \"Kalinowski\".", "content": "A hygienic analysis of mechanical vibrations in a voyage aboard the semicontainer ship M/S \"Kalinowski\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016807"}
{"pmid": "1016809", "title": "Risk factors for coronary heart disease among seamen.", "content": "Risk factors for coronary heart disease among seamen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016809"}
{"pmid": "1016808", "title": "Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis system in occupational exposure to some chemical factors.", "content": "Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis system in occupational exposure to some chemical factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016808"}
{"pmid": "1016811", "title": "Several observations of the survival of a population of Dermestes maculatus Degeer, 1774, in unfavourable trophic conditions.", "content": "Several observations of the survival of a population of Dermestes maculatus Degeer, 1774, in unfavourable trophic conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016811"}
{"pmid": "1016810", "title": "The influence of Sinequan of the reactivity of the vegetative system in neuroses among seamen of the Polish merchant marine.", "content": "The influence of Sinequan of the reactivity of the vegetative system in neuroses among seamen of the Polish merchant marine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016810"}
{"pmid": "1016814", "title": "Lytic enzyme Vi phage III infected Salmonella typhi lysate.", "content": "Lytic enzyme Vi phage III infected Salmonella typhi lysate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016814"}
{"pmid": "1016815", "title": "Resistance to antibiotics and sulfathiazole of Salmonella strains isolated from humans and animals in 1974--1975.", "content": "Resistance to antibiotics and sulfathiazole of Salmonella strains isolated from humans and animals in 1974--1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016815"}
{"pmid": "1016812", "title": "Rodents in warehouses of the Port of Gdynia and their ectoparasites investigated in the years 1974--1975.", "content": "Rodents in warehouses of the Port of Gdynia and their ectoparasites investigated in the years 1974--1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016812"}
{"pmid": "1016813", "title": "Salmonella serotypes isolated from soldiers of the Polish Contingent of the United Nations Emergency Forces back from Egypt.", "content": "Salmonella serotypes isolated from soldiers of the Polish Contingent of the United Nations Emergency Forces back from Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016813"}
{"pmid": "1016816", "title": "Smallpox today.", "content": "Smallpox today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016816"}
{"pmid": "1016817", "title": "Neurophysiology of pain-peripheral aspects. Speculation concerning the possibility of a unitary peripheral cutaneous input system for pressure, hot, cold and tissue damage.", "content": "Neurophysiology of pain-peripheral aspects. Speculation concerning the possibility of a unitary peripheral cutaneous input system for pressure, hot, cold and tissue damage. The gate theory of pain is criticized at three levels: (1) at the dorsal horn \"gate\", where pre-synaptic inhibition in the primary afferent endings may go beyond mere reduction of synaptic power at the afferent endings and induce antidromic impulses (dorsal root reflexes) that may modulate peripherally by blocking; (2) central to the \"gate\", where postsynaptic neuronal repetitive (epileptiform) firing is believed to be an important underlying mechanism in clinical chronic pain syndromes; and, (3) in the periphery, where there is more to input coding than a balance between the ratio of large and smaller fiber inputs. Contrary to the belief of many sensory neurophysiologists, the present authors contend that pattern theory is viable; and that specificity, while important and not to be ignored, should be considered as only a partially evolved refinement superimposed on a basic underlying spatial and temporal patterning of input that probably requires central decoding, which begins in the dorsal horn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016817"}
{"pmid": "1016818", "title": "Development of a detachable vascular balloon catheter. A preliminary report.", "content": "Development of a detachable vascular balloon catheter. A preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016818"}
{"pmid": "1016819", "title": "Technique for accurate localization with the CT scanner.", "content": "Technique for accurate localization with the CT scanner. A method for accurate localization of intracranial lesions on CT scans is described, using a marker wire and a radiograph exposed by the CT scanner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016819"}
{"pmid": "1016820", "title": "A brief trial of phenytoin therapy for thalamic pain.", "content": "A brief trial of phenytoin therapy for thalamic pain. Phenytoin was given in full dosage to eight patients with thalamic pain and two others with intractable pain resistant to other forms of treatment. Serum levels were monitored and correlated with dosage levels. Three patients improved markedly, two improved only minimally, two were unchanged, and three were worse. Those patients who had improved noted return of original pain on stopping phenytoin. The results indicate the need for a further study of the drug in thalamic and other chronic pain states.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016820"}
{"pmid": "1016799", "title": "Respiratory function of infants in relation to subsequent respiratory disease: an epidemiological study.", "content": "Respiratory function of infants in relation to subsequent respiratory disease: an epidemiological study. Crying ventilatory function was measured in 487 infants shortly after birth. Over the following five years 129 infants suffered attacks of pneumonia or bronchitis. Their initial crying ventilatory function was compared with that of the 358 infants who escaped these illnesses. No statistically significant differences were found in crying ventilatory function between these two groups of infants. This has been interpreted as indicating that newborn infants who subsequently suffer attacks of pneumonia or bronchitis do not start life with deficits in their ventilatory function. In the same study crying ventilatory function was measured in 550 infants at their first birthday; 70 had suffered attacks of pneumonia or bronchitis by that age and made a clinical recovery. Their crying ventilatory function showed no consistent difference from the 480 infants who escaped their illnesses. The reasons for the lack of a difference in crying ventilatory function is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016799"}
{"pmid": "1016803", "title": "Diurnal variations and reproducibility of the N2 closing volume test in healthy subjects.", "content": "Diurnal variations and reproducibility of the N2 closing volume test in healthy subjects. To assess the diurnal variation of closing volume measurements, 11 non-smokers and 10 somkers, all healthy, were tested with the single-breath nitrogen test. In each subject, 3 satisfactory tracings were recorded at 9:a.m., 11:a.m., 1:p.m., 3:p.m. and 5:p.m. on each of two consecutive days. Duplicate copies of the tracings were read in radom order by two independent observers. The \"best+ and the mean values of closing volume to vital capacity ratio (CV/VC or phase 4/VC) and of the slppe of phase 3 were calculated. The study shows that: (1) the time of the day may be a source of variation of the closing volume measurements. Meals and cigarette smoke did not appear to be responsible for this diurnal variation, (2) values obtained with the \"best\" tracing method can, at least in some readers, give systematic differences with the mean of several traces, (3) individual variations in CV/VC and in the slope of phase 3 are the highest with the \"best\" trace analysis, and (4) the vlaues obtained by two independent readers may significantly differ. The differences observed between hours, although significant, were nevertheless small in magnitude and did not explain most of the variation of the measurements. Variations in trace aspect were small in some subjects. The reproducibility of the test was remarkable in them, at least when the junction of phase 4 with phase 3 was well defined. In other subjects, the coefficient of variation was high mainly because of varying curve shape and/or poorly defined departure of phase 4. This explains for a great part the intra-and interreader variations observed in this study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016803"}
{"pmid": "1016801", "title": "Ventilatory impairment and hypoxemia in chronic non-specific lung disease.", "content": "Ventilatory impairment and hypoxemia in chronic non-specific lung disease. The relation between arterial oxygen tension at rest (Pao2) and ventilatory performance (VC and FEV1.0) was studied (198 determinations) in a group of 156 patients (11 females) aged 31 to 76 (mean 52.1) years, with chronic non-specific lung disease (asthmatics non included). The average results were 72.7 mmHg for Pao2, 2.87 1 for VC, 1.32 1 for FEV1.0 and 44.9 % for the FEV1.0/VC ratio. Ninety per cent of the patients had ventilatory impairment (FEV1.0 less than 81 % predicted) and 2/3 had hypoxemia (Pao2 less than 75 mmHg). The Pao2 - spirometric variables linear correlation coefficients were of medium value (0.35 to 0.51), but highly significant due to the large number of observations. The correlation was high in patients with severe ventilatory defect (FEV1.0 less than 40% pred.), weak in those with moderate (FEV1.0 41-60 % pred.) and absent in those with minor or absent ventilatory impairment. In respect to the clinical type of obstructive disease, Pao2 and FEV1.0 showed a high correlation (r=0.69) in \"bronchitics\", a looser one (r=0.45) in \"intermediate\" patients, and no correlation for \"emphysema\" patients. The regression equation relating Pao2 and FEV1.0 (Pao2=64.4 + 5.9 X litres) had too high a standard error of estimate (20 % of the mean) to be of practical value.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016801"}
{"pmid": "1016824", "title": "The management of the patient with calcium stones.", "content": "The management of the patient with calcium stones. Results of investigation of 800 patients with renal calculi are presented. The high incidence of medullary sponge kidneys (tubular ectasia) in patients of either sex is stressed as is the low incidence of idiopathic hypercalciuria in the female. Hydrochlorothiazide has been found to be highly effective in preventing recurrence of calcium stones in our personal experience with over 300 patients who have been treated for as long as 14 years with this agent. The efficacy and mode of action of other measures advocated for stone prevention is reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016824"}
{"pmid": "1016827", "title": "Primary hyperparathyroidism---a review of cases in the Sheffield area.", "content": "Primary hyperparathyroidism---a review of cases in the Sheffield area. 73 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism are reviewed. The elevated serum calcium was the main diagnostic index but estimation of the parathyroid hormone was useful confirmatory evidence when raised. A normal level does not exclude the diagnosis being found in 32% of patients. Intravenous methylene blue was a useful adjunct to surgery. 95% of the patients had relief of their hypercalcaemia after a single operation. 78% of patients had stones and there was a marked reduction in further stone formation after surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016827"}
{"pmid": "1016825", "title": "Size of renal calculi, recurrence rate and follow-up.", "content": "Size of renal calculi, recurrence rate and follow-up. Stones smaller than 5 mm in diameter seldom need any operation other than the use of the stone-basket. Stones larger than 10 mm in diameter usually need an operation, are more often accompanied by infection, and have a higher recurrence rate. The size of the stone is unrelated to the level of urinary calcium or to body surface area. In planning the follow-up of patients with calculi the size of the first stone is a useful guide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016825"}
{"pmid": "1016826", "title": "Recurrence of infected calculi following postoperative renal irrigation with stone solvent.", "content": "Recurrence of infected calculi following postoperative renal irrigation with stone solvent. Renacidin has been shown to dissolve small fragments of infected renal calculi in vitro. 34 patients with infected calculi have undergone pyelolithotomy and postoperative renal irrigation with Renacidin. 30 patients were women and Proteus was the commonest infecting organism. Renal irrigation appears to be safe if closely monitored and covered by antibiotic therapy. 24.4% of calculi had recurred at a mean follow-up of 42 months. The rate of recurrence or unilateral calculi was much less than that of bilateral calculi (15% vs. 40%). Persistent postoperative urinary tract infections later led to recurrent stone formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016826"}
{"pmid": "1016828", "title": "Reflux induced pelvi-ureteric obstruction.", "content": "Reflux induced pelvi-ureteric obstruction. The phenomenon of pelvi-ureteric obstruction which is induced by vesico-ureteric reflux is well documented but ill understood. The radiographic findings can be impressive to an extent that obstruction is probably often over-diagnosed. Before considering a pyeloplasty it is essential to confirm the true obstructive nature of the problem. Where the urogram is not suggestive of an obstruction a re-implantation of the ureter will usually stop the gross pelvic dilatation. It is suggested that the obstruction is at least partially an active process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016828"}
{"pmid": "1016802", "title": "Rebreathing and single breath pulmonary CO diffusing capacity in man at rest and exercise studied by C18O isotope.", "content": "Rebreathing and single breath pulmonary CO diffusing capacity in man at rest and exercise studied by C18O isotope. The pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, Dco, was estimated in normal subjects, using both a single breath technique (DcoSB) and a rebreathing technique (DcoRB). In order to measure CO by mass spectrometry, the stable isotope C(18)O was used. In three normal subjects Dco was measured at different lung volumes at rest, and at different levels of bicycle exercise. DcoRB was found on the average 30% higher than DcoSB when compared at the same mean lung volume, and both increased slightly during exercise. The advantages and drawbacks of the rebreathing method are critically discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016802"}
{"pmid": "1016829", "title": "Occupational bladder tumour cases identified during ten years' interviewing of patients.", "content": "Occupational bladder tumour cases identified during ten years' interviewing of patients. All patients attending the Royal Marsden Hospital with urothelial tumours have their occupational histories taken. About 10% of histories suggest a possibility of past exposure to urinary carcinogens, and on examination 4% indicate definite exposures justifying claims for Prescribed Industrial Disease benefit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016829"}
{"pmid": "1016830", "title": "Inverted papilloma of the lower urinary tract.", "content": "Inverted papilloma of the lower urinary tract. A study of 35 cases of inverted papilloma of urothelium confirms that it is a distinctive entity and typically benign. These lesions occur mainly in males, may be multiple, and are sometimes situated elsewhere than in or near the trigone, which is their characteristic site. Their precise histogenesis remains uncertain. It must be stressed that not all transitional cell tumours of inverted pattern are of this type; some will have the appearance of and behave as malignant tumours. The same diagnostic criteria of malignancy established for the more common exophytic papillary neoplasms must be applied also to the inverted papillary tumours herein described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016830"}
{"pmid": "1016832", "title": "Radiotherapy in the treatment of recurrent bladder cancer.", "content": "Radiotherapy in the treatment of recurrent bladder cancer. A retrospective review of 1,518 cases of transitional cell carcinoma treated by supervoltage irradiation is presented. The majority of patients had recurrent disease after previous treatment. An appreciable salvage rate has been achieved. A \"high risk\" group for distant metastases has been identified (T3) and the suggestion is made that adjunctive therapy be employed to deal with occult metastases. The place of preoperative irradiation in Stage T2 tumours has been referred to. It is recognised that this is an ageing population. Many die not of their cancer but from other causes. It is difficult to compare these results with others published because of problems in selection and differences in staging the tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016832"}
{"pmid": "1016831", "title": "The value of lymphography in the management of bladder cancer.", "content": "The value of lymphography in the management of bladder cancer. 228 bilateral pedal lymphograms in patients with bladder cancer have been correlated with the features of the primary bladder tumour and patient survival. In 70 cases, radiographic findings were correlated with operative node histology. The results show that it is not possible to predict accurately which cases have lymphatic spread without this investigation. Positive lymphograms were found in 91 cases, and were associated with a very poor prognosis. Only 6% of patients with unilaterally involved iliac nodes survived 5 years, and all patients with bilateral iliac or para-aortic disease died within 3 years. Histological correlation was found in 90% of cases, and the results indicate that this investigation slightly underestimates the incidence and extent of microscopic lymphatic metastases. It is concluded that this investigation is essential in planning the treatment of infiltrating bladder tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016831"}
{"pmid": "1016833", "title": "Hyperthermia in the treatment of bladder tumours.", "content": "Hyperthermia in the treatment of bladder tumours. High temperature bladder irrigation was employed in 4 men as an alternative to cystectomy because of their age and frailty. Hyperthermic irrigation of the bladder from 63 degree C for 70 minutes to 82 degree C for 25 minutes caused partial, but not total, necrosis of the bladder. Transitional cell carcinoma appears to be resistant in vivo, in some cases, to heating at temperatures that destroy adjacent normal structures. Hyperthermic irrigation of the bladder at these high temperatures may be hazardous. In view of these findings we cannot recommend high temperature bladder irrigation as an alternative to cystectomy even in poor risk patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016833"}
{"pmid": "1016834", "title": "Treatment of advanced bladder cancer with adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil.", "content": "Treatment of advanced bladder cancer with adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil. The cytotoxic drug combination of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil has resulted in a 35% objective response in 20 patients with advanced bladder cancer. This has been achieved with minimal toxicity and on an out-patient basis. If the survival rate of patients with invasive bladder cancer is to be improved it seems likely that some form of systemic treatment will need to be added to the local measures currently in use. Further studies of different chemotherapeutic agents should help to define an effective and safe form of adjunvant therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016834"}
{"pmid": "1016835", "title": "The endemic bladder stones of Indonesia---epidemiology and clinical features.", "content": "The endemic bladder stones of Indonesia---epidemiology and clinical features. Bladder stone is a relatively common disease of childhood in West Sumatra with an incidence of 8.3/100,000 population per year. We have studied 87 cases with a peak age of onset of 2-4 years and a male/female ratio of 12:1. The majority of these are from poor families with a diet low in protein and phosphate. Diarrhoea is common. The composition of the stones is primarily ammonium acid urate. Patients with sterile urine have shown significantly higher levels of urinary ammonia than controls, and only approximately 50% of patients' urine were infected. This is consistent with excretion of a high acid load, due both to an acidogenic rice diet and diarrhoea, combined with a low level of phosphate. This condition was once endemic in Europe but is now confined to a belt of countries from the Balkans through Asia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016835"}
{"pmid": "1016836", "title": "Distension therapy for the unstable bladder: later results including an assessment of repeat distensions.", "content": "Distension therapy for the unstable bladder: later results including an assessment of repeat distensions. 51 patients with urgency and urge incontinence of urine and enuresis have been treated by prolonged bladder distension. At recent follow-up, 16 patients were symptom free, 25 substantially improved and 10 symptomatically unchanged, at a mean of 13 months after distension. 13 patients whose symptoms relapsed after a previous distension or who failed to obtain a satisfactory improvement have had a further distension for a more prolonged period. The early results in this group are not as good as for patients having first distensions, although 2 patients have become symptom free, and 6 have shown a substantial symptomatic improvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016836"}
{"pmid": "1016837", "title": "Clinical and experimental studies on the action of prostaglandins and their synthesis inhibitors on detrusor muscle in vitro and in vivo.", "content": "Clinical and experimental studies on the action of prostaglandins and their synthesis inhibitors on detrusor muscle in vitro and in vivo. Experiments on muscle strips have shown that prostaglandin is naturally produced by the detrusor, and acts to increase the tone and spontaneous activity. An intimate relation between acetylcholine and prostaglandin has been demonstrated. Therapeutic application of prostaglandins has been successful in the treatment of chronic retention in women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016837"}
{"pmid": "1016838", "title": "Anti-reflux surgery in the congenital neuropathic bladder.", "content": "Anti-reflux surgery in the congenital neuropathic bladder. 42 refluxing ureters were re-implanted into the bladder in 28 children with neuropathy. In each case other measures directed at enhancing bladder emptying were employed. Reflux was cured in 36 of 38 ureters investigated after operation. The incidence of contralateral reflux following unilateral re-implantation was 50%. 1 of 12 undilated units showed late post-operative deterioration. 22 of 28 initially hydroureteronephrotic units either improved or stabilised  at a satisfactory level. In 6 children urinary diversion was subsequently performed because of persistent reflux (2 cases), postoperative deterioration (1 case) or failure of severely dilated upper tracts to improve (3 cases). Since reflux from a high pressure bladder can rapidly cause severe renal damage, cystography is indicated when there is clinical or pyelographic suspicion of its existence. Operative cure is needed when reflux is of major degree or if, when of lesser severity, it does not stop spontaneously following improved bladder emptying resulting from therapeutic lessening of the urethral resistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016838"}
{"pmid": "1016839", "title": "The assessment of sphincteric activity in patients following trans-sphincteric urethral reconstruction.", "content": "The assessment of sphincteric activity in patients following trans-sphincteric urethral reconstruction. 12 patients who had previously undergone trans-sphincteric urethral reconstruction were studied with regard to their sphincter mechanisms. The method of study was by urethral pressure profile and urethral voluntary sphincteric pressure increment. This study showed that patients may undergo trans-sphincteric urethral reconstruction with preservation of normal profiles and voluntary pressure increases indicating preservation of the \"external\" sphincter mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016839"}
{"pmid": "1016840", "title": "An assessment of surgical treatment of vesical outlet obstruction in spinal cord injury: a review of 471 cases.", "content": "An assessment of surgical treatment of vesical outlet obstruction in spinal cord injury: a review of 471 cases. An assessment of 139 cases of outlet obstruction following spinal cord injury, in a consecutive series of 471 patients, is presented. The figures in relation to the level and extent of the spinal lesion and the type of operation (transurethral resection and external sphincterotomy), are reviewed. The incidence of repeat operation is recorded and assessed. It is concluded that transurethral resection and external sphincterotomy, either alone or combined, will relieve outlet obstruction in most cases of neuropathic bladder following spinal cord injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016840"}
{"pmid": "1016841", "title": "A simple artificial implantable sphincter.", "content": "A simple artificial implantable sphincter. A device is presented for the cure of urinary incontinence in males. 16 cases have been operated on, 10 have been cured, 1 improved and 5 failed. Most of the failures were due to sepsis. Despite this small number of cases the results are extremely encouraging. The device, because of its simplicity, both in construction and ease of insertion, is considered worthy of extensive trials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016841"}
{"pmid": "1016842", "title": "Excretion urography in the investigation of prostatism.", "content": "Excretion urography in the investigation of prostatism. The excretion urogram and urodynamic studies of 201 patients presenting with prostatism were reviewed. The urographic features of trabeculation and diverticula were found to be associated with bladder instability as shown on inflow cystometry but not to be associated with outflow obstruction as shown by the pressure-flow analysis of micturition. The bladder shadow on the preliminary film and the bladder size on the post-evacuation film were associated with the measured residual urine and with outflow obstruction. The basal prostatic filling defect was also associated with outflow obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016842"}
{"pmid": "1016844", "title": "Urethroplasty in context.", "content": "Urethroplasty in context.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016844"}
{"pmid": "1016843", "title": "Lymphography and pelvic lymphadenectomy in carcinoma of the prostate.", "content": "Lymphography and pelvic lymphadenectomy in carcinoma of the prostate. 20 of 45 new patients with prostatic carcinoma have undergone lymphography and lymphadenectomy to determine the N-category. The overall accuracy of lymphography was 75%. Lymphadenectomy was a safe procedure with minimal morbidity. Although it would be premature to recommend its universal adoption in the management of this disease, its further application and study seems desirable. Full TNM classification has proved to be of considerable value in the management of these patients. This study confirms that 50% of T3 MO tumours are free of lymph node metastases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016843"}
{"pmid": "1016845", "title": "Hypospadias--problems of postoperative fistulae formation and a modified 2-stage procedure to reduce these.", "content": "Hypospadias--problems of postoperative fistulae formation and a modified 2-stage procedure to reduce these. A retrospective review of hypospadias repair reveals a high incidence of postoperative fistula nad stenosis. Further studies using Silicone casts have revealed a potential cause for the occurrence of these complications. The close co-operation between urologists and plastic surgeons has resulted in a grea er awareness of the surgical problems and the development of a simplified 2-stage technique which it is hoped will reduce these.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016845"}
{"pmid": "1016846", "title": "Plasma gonadotrophic hormones, testicular biopsy and seminal analysis in the men of infertile marriages.", "content": "Plasma gonadotrophic hormones, testicular biopsy and seminal analysis in the men of infertile marriages. The first step in the investigation of infertile men is to obtain 2 seminal analyses 3 days after the previous ejaculation. Clinical assessment of testicular size is an unreliable means of assessing spermatogenesis and is best done by performing bilateral testicular biopsies. Azoospermic men with grossly elevated FSH levels should be advised to consider AID or adoption. Those with normal or mildly elevated FSH levels should undergo testicular exploration in an attempt to correct an obstructive lesion. Azoospermic men with subnormal FSH levels may have an isolated hormone defect which will respond to treatment with Pergonal. Different treatment programmes for oligozoospermic men depending on the results of the FSH and LH assays may lead to a more rational approach to therapy. Infertility associated with varicocele may possibly be associated with a local disturbance of \"inhibin\" and FSH concentrations. Testicular size, levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in plasma, and testicular biopsy were determined in 261 men of infertile marriages and the results were clinically interpreted. Analysis of the  findings in azoospermic and oligospermic men and men with varicocele led to the following conclusions: 1) assessment of testicular size is not a reliable indicator of spermatogenic function;  2) azoospermic men with markedly elevated FSH levels should be advised to consider artificial insemination donors or adoption, while those with normal or slightly elevated FSH levels should undergo testicular exploration to correct what may  be an obstructive testicular lesion;  3) Pergonal is of therapeutic value in azoospermic patients with subnormal FSH levels who may have an isolated hormone defect;  4) different treatment programs based on the results of LH and FSH assays of oligozoospermic are recommended;  and 5) men with varicocele may possibly have a local disturbance of ''inhibin'' and FSH concentrations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016846"}
{"pmid": "1016847", "title": "The development of the isthmo-optic nucleus.", "content": "The development of the isthmo-optic nucleus. The nucleus of origin of centrifugal fibers to the retina (the so-called isthmo-optic nucleus - ION) has been used as a model for the study of the major features of neural development, from the period of cell proliferation until after the formation of its afferent and efferent connections. 3H-thymidine autoradiography has established that in the chick cells of the ION are generated (i.e., become post-mitotic) between the middle of the 5th and the end of the 7th days of incubation. The first-formed cells are found in the ventrolateral part of the nucleus, while those that are generated at successively later stages come to occupy progressively more medial and dorsal positions within the nucleus. The anlage of the ION can be identified on the 8th day of incubation, and by the 11th day, when it is numerically complete, it occupies a prominent position in the caudo-dorsal part of the midbrain tegmentum at the level of the IVth nerve nucleus. At this stage the nucleus contains about 22,000 neurons, and shows no signs of cytoarchitectonic differentiation. Between the 13th and 17th days of incubation, about 60% of the neurons in the nucleus degenerate; as a result of this degeneration, the arrival of afferent fibers, and the growth of the cells' processes, the nucleus comes to have its characteristic adult form of a complex, folded, bilaminar sheet, in which each part of the retina is precisely represented. Experiments based on the retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from the eye indicate that the first centrifugal fibers, in the isthmo-optic tract (IOT), reach the retina on the 10 day of incubation, and by the 12th day all but about 5% of the neurons in the ION can be retrogradely labeled in this way...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016847"}
{"pmid": "1016848", "title": "Brain circuits for consciousness.", "content": "Brain circuits for consciousness. The question is explored of the location of consciousness in the human brain. The author's own studies of defects of consciousness as the result of the splitting of the corpus callosum are described and disorders of consciousness associated with damage to other specific areas of the brain, are reviewed. A circuit spanning the brain is described which stretches from the parietal lobe at one side to the parietal lobe at the other and includes the splenium of the corpus callosum. The medial banks of the hemispheres, the callosal as well as the cingulate areas, are also thought to be involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016848"}
{"pmid": "1016849", "title": "Telencephalon of the lizard Gekko gecko (Linnaeus): some connections of the cortex and dorsal ventricular ridge.", "content": "Telencephalon of the lizard Gekko gecko (Linnaeus): some connections of the cortex and dorsal ventricular ridge. Interhemispheric connections of the telencephalon in the lizard, Gekko, were studied with anterograde degeneration methods following lesions variously placed in the medial, dorsal, and lateral cortices and/or the dorsal ventricular ridge (D.V.R.). After lesions involving dorsal cortex, the medial wall, and the DVR, the majority of degenerated fibers decussate in the hippocampal commissure and terminate in the septum, medial wall, dorsal cortex, and the lateral edge of the DVR contralaterally. Lesions confined to dorsal cortex result in a similar pattern of degeneration, while lesions confined to the lateral wall result in degeneration in the contralateral lateral cortex, DVR and striatum, mainly via the anterior commissure. Some variation has been reported on the pattern of interhemispheric projections among reptiles studied to date; two possible interpretations of the data are that (1) dorsal cortex may be homologous as a field to parts of both neocortex and the hippocampal formation of mammals or (2) only the lateral part of dorsal cortex may be homologous to neocortex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016849"}
{"pmid": "1016850", "title": "Behavioral correlates of 'tectal compression' in goldfish. I. Intensity and pattern discrimination.", "content": "Behavioral correlates of 'tectal compression' in goldfish. I. Intensity and pattern discrimination. Goldfish were trained to perform visual intensity and pattern discriminations. Three groups of fish had bilateral ablation of the caudal optic tectum, a fourth consisted of unoperated controls and a fifth group consisted of sham-operated controls. The fish were tested after various postoperative intervals ranging from 19 to 147 days. The lesions produced modest deficits in intensity discrimination irrespective of postoperative interval. The fish that began training on the pattern discrimination after 14-18 postoperative days showed no improvement in performance. Fish that began training after 39 postoperative days showed improvements in performance after about 65 postoperative days. The group that began training 158-160 postoperative days showed steady and persistent improvements in discrimination performance. The results suggest that improvements in pattern vision after partial tectal ablation follow the same time course as compression of the retinotectal map after partial ablation of the tectum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016850"}
{"pmid": "1016851", "title": "Behavioral correlates of 'tectal compression' in goldfish. II. Visual acuity.", "content": "Behavioral correlates of 'tectal compression' in goldfish. II. Visual acuity. Visual acuity was measured in three normal goldfish and two goldfish in which the caudal optic tectum had been ablated bilaterally. Compression of the retinotectal map was assumed to have occurred in the two operated fish, which were tested more than 200 days after surgery. The results indicated that the visual acuity of the normal fish ranged from 0.94 to 0.95 degrees of visual angle. The visual acuity of the fish with presumed compression of their retinotectal maps ranged from 1.91 to 2.07 degrees. The results suggest that compression of the retinotectal map occurs at the expense of the spatial-resolution ability of the visual system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016851"}
{"pmid": "1016863", "title": "Human values in medicine.", "content": "Human values in medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016863"}
{"pmid": "1016868", "title": "The bronchi in the fibrotic forms of the extrinsic pulmonary granulomatoses.", "content": "The bronchi in the fibrotic forms of the extrinsic pulmonary granulomatoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016868"}
{"pmid": "1016864", "title": "Plasma cell sarcoma complicating a case of multiple myeloma.", "content": "Plasma cell sarcoma complicating a case of multiple myeloma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016864"}
{"pmid": "1016872", "title": "The mineral dust load of human lungs.", "content": "The mineral dust load of human lungs. Studies of the dust content of lungs from non-industrially exposed city dwellers have shown that many people build up during life a total dust load of 2 grammes or more. This dust load may include up to 17 X 10(6) mineral fibres large enough to be visible with the light microscope and 360 X 10(8) fibres visible only by electron-microscopy. All lungs examined contained a small percentage of fibres that appeared structurally similar to chrysotile asbestos. It was found that the total dust content and content of light microscope sized mineral fibres was much lower in a non-industrialised city than in one with a high level of heavy industry, but levels of electron-microscope sized fibres did not differ markedly between the two groups. It would appear that these very small fibres are part of a general mineralogical background rather than resulting from industrial atmospheric pollution. This was further indicated by the fact that many of the dust particles, including large numbers of the fibrous ones proved to be derived from diatom skeletons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016872"}
{"pmid": "1016895", "title": "Exo-ploygalacturonate lyase of Fusarium culmorum.", "content": "Exo-ploygalacturonate lyase of Fusarium culmorum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016895"}
{"pmid": "1016893", "title": "Effect of some lipid compounds on the development of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).", "content": "Effect of some lipid compounds on the development of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016893"}
{"pmid": "1016894", "title": "A study on the role of some protein compounds in the development of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).", "content": "A study on the role of some protein compounds in the development of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016894"}
{"pmid": "1016877", "title": "A new method of intrathoracal biopsy using thoracoscope and tissue adhesive.", "content": "A new method of intrathoracal biopsy using thoracoscope and tissue adhesive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016877"}
{"pmid": "1016896", "title": "Resolution of chloroplast lamellar proteins by sodium tetradecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis.", "content": "Resolution of chloroplast lamellar proteins by sodium tetradecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016896"}
{"pmid": "1016897", "title": "Different frequencies of point mutations in barley ears after treatment with N-nitroso-N-methylurea.", "content": "Different frequencies of point mutations in barley ears after treatment with N-nitroso-N-methylurea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016897"}
{"pmid": "1016898", "title": "The structure of the alimentary canal and the dimensions of the mucosa in the smooth newt (Triturus vulgaris L.).", "content": "The structure of the alimentary canal and the dimensions of the mucosa in the smooth newt (Triturus vulgaris L.).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016898"}
{"pmid": "1016899", "title": "Effect of Trichinella spiralis (Oven, 1835) infection on ultrastructure of epithelium of small intestines in germfree or conventional mice.", "content": "Effect of Trichinella spiralis (Oven, 1835) infection on ultrastructure of epithelium of small intestines in germfree or conventional mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016899"}
{"pmid": "1016901", "title": "Measurements of mineral content and its crystallinity in some selected bones of rats surviving twenty days in conditions of weightlessness.", "content": "Measurements of mineral content and its crystallinity in some selected bones of rats surviving twenty days in conditions of weightlessness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016901"}
{"pmid": "1016900", "title": "The effect of insulin or 2-deoxy-D-glucose administration of body temperature during physical exercise in dogs.", "content": "The effect of insulin or 2-deoxy-D-glucose administration of body temperature during physical exercise in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016900"}
{"pmid": "1016902", "title": "Scintillation autoradiography as a quick method for detection of radioactivity in cells and tissues.", "content": "Scintillation autoradiography as a quick method for detection of radioactivity in cells and tissues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016902"}
{"pmid": "1016903", "title": "New Siphonaptera from the fauna of Bulgaria.", "content": "New Siphonaptera from the fauna of Bulgaria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016903"}
{"pmid": "1016904", "title": "Tabanus castellanus Strobl, 1906 (Diptera, Tabanidae)--a species distinct in the European fauna.", "content": "Tabanus castellanus Strobl, 1906 (Diptera, Tabanidae)--a species distinct in the European fauna.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016904"}
{"pmid": "1016905", "title": "Abundances of Mn, Na, Zn, Co, Ag, U and Ba in males and females of Dioecocestus asper (Mehlis, 1831) (Cestoda: Dioecocestidae).", "content": "Abundances of Mn, Na, Zn, Co, Ag, U and Ba in males and females of Dioecocestus asper (Mehlis, 1831) (Cestoda: Dioecocestidae).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016905"}
{"pmid": "1016906", "title": "Effect of methoxychlor on the embryonic development and respiratory metabolism of Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda) and Triaenophorus nodulosus (Cestoda) embryos.", "content": "Effect of methoxychlor on the embryonic development and respiratory metabolism of Fasciola hepatica (Trematoda) and Triaenophorus nodulosus (Cestoda) embryos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016906"}
{"pmid": "1016907", "title": "Effects of the insulin-secreting action of lysine on some metabolic parameters of blood and of tissues in subdiabetic rats.", "content": "Effects of the insulin-secreting action of lysine on some metabolic parameters of blood and of tissues in subdiabetic rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016907"}
{"pmid": "1016885", "title": "Sarcoid reactions in pulmonary neoplasms.", "content": "Sarcoid reactions in pulmonary neoplasms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016885"}
{"pmid": "1016914", "title": "Isoelectric points and molecular weights of salt-extractable ribosomal proteins.", "content": "Isoelectric points and molecular weights of salt-extractable ribosomal proteins. Rat liver ribosomes prepared in low salt buffer contain basic and acidic proteins not found on ribosomes washed in high salt buffer. Proteins extracted from liver ribosomes by 500 mM KCL were characterized by acid urea-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel isoelectric focusing. The salt-solubilized proteins contain 12 polypeptides with a molecular weight over 67000, several polypeptides with molecular weights less than 67 000, and three polypeptides whose molecular weight exceeded 130 000. Ten to 12 of the proteins were basic, and about 24 acidic proteins were partially or wholly extracted from the ribosomes. Four of the acidic proteins have isoelectric points less than 4.5.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016914"}
{"pmid": "1016916", "title": "Purine catabolism in man: inhibition of 5'-phosphomonesterase activities from placental microsomes.", "content": "Purine catabolism in man: inhibition of 5'-phosphomonesterase activities from placental microsomes. The 5'-phosphomonoesterase activity of 5'-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5) and alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.5) participates in the catabolism of purine ribonucleotides to uric acid in humans. Initial velocity studies of 5'-nucleotidase suggest a sequential mechanism of interaction between AMP nad MgCl2, with a Km of 14 and 3 muM, respectively. With product inhibition studies the apparent Ki's for adenosine, inosine, cytidine, and inorganic phosphate were 0.4, 3.0, 5.0, and 42 mM, respectively. A large number of nucleoside mono-, di-, and tri-phosphate compounds were inhibitors of the enzyme. Allopurinol ribonucleotide, ADP, or ATP were competitive inhititors when AMP was the substrate, with a Ki slope of 120 muM. The phosphomonoesterase activity of human placental microsomal alkaline phosphatase had a pH optimum of 10.0 and had only 18% of maximum activity at pH 7.4. Substrates and inhibitors included almost any phosphorylated compound. The Km for AMP was 0.4 mM and the apparent Ki for Pi was 0.6 mM. Activity was increased only 19% by 5 mM MgCl2. These observations suggest that 5'-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase may be inhibited by ATP and Pi, respectively, under normal intracellular conditions, and that AMP may be preferentially hydrolyzed by 5'-nucleotidase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016916"}
{"pmid": "1016917", "title": "Converging evidence for automatic perceptual processing in visual search.", "content": "Converging evidence for automatic perceptual processing in visual search.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016917"}
{"pmid": "1016915", "title": "Preparation of active run-off 80S ribosomes and their subunits from mouse liver.", "content": "Preparation of active run-off 80S ribosomes and their subunits from mouse liver. A method is described for the preparation of active \"run-off\" 80S ribosomes and 40S and 60S subunits of mouse liver. A polysome preparation was incubated at 37 degrees C for 10 min under the condition for protein synthesis (4 mM Mg2+, 100 mM KCL). Puromycin (10 mM)and 2 M KCL were added to a final concentration of 0.1 mM and 500 mM, respectively, and the reaction mixture was further incubated at 37 degrees C for 10 min. This latter treatment destabilized small polysomes and \"stuck\" 80S particles, which were remaining after the first incubation, leading to complete release of 40S and 60S particles. Thus, the present method minimized variations in yield of subunits due to polysome preparations and preincubation conditions. The subunits were separated by sucrose density-gradient centrifugation or recovered by precipitation following reassociation into 80S particles (run-off 80S). The reformation of 80S particles from the subunits occurred spontaneously at 5 mM Mg2+ and 100mM KCL. The isolated 40S and 60S subunits, separately, showed low phenylalanine-incorporating activity in the presence of poly(U), but when recombined, polymerized up to 10 phenylalanine residues per couple.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016915"}
{"pmid": "1016918", "title": "The Western psychiatrist and his non-western clientele. Transcultural experiences of relevance to psychotherapy with Canadian Indian patients.", "content": "The Western psychiatrist and his non-western clientele. Transcultural experiences of relevance to psychotherapy with Canadian Indian patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016918"}
{"pmid": "1016919", "title": "Supernatural influence in psychopathology. Puerto Rican folk beliefs about mental illness.", "content": "Supernatural influence in psychopathology. Puerto Rican folk beliefs about mental illness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016919"}
{"pmid": "1016920", "title": "Children of immigrants. The adjustment of Ugandan Asian primary-school children in Canada.", "content": "Children of immigrants. The adjustment of Ugandan Asian primary-school children in Canada.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016920"}
{"pmid": "1016921", "title": "Psychiatry in Ethiopia.", "content": "Psychiatry in Ethiopia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016921"}
{"pmid": "1016923", "title": "The extent of mental disorder. Beyond the layman's madness.", "content": "The extent of mental disorder. Beyond the layman's madness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016923"}
{"pmid": "1016922", "title": "Psychiatric disorders among natives and non-natives in Saskatchewan.", "content": "Psychiatric disorders among natives and non-natives in Saskatchewan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016922"}
{"pmid": "1016927", "title": "Therapeutic abortion and psychiatric disturbance in Canadian women.", "content": "Therapeutic abortion and psychiatric disturbance in Canadian women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016927"}
{"pmid": "1016926", "title": "The double blind method.", "content": "The double blind method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016926"}
{"pmid": "1016924", "title": "Youth and contemporary religious movements: psychosocial findings.", "content": "Youth and contemporary religious movements: psychosocial findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016924"}
{"pmid": "1016928", "title": "Female physicians as psychiatric patients.", "content": "Female physicians as psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016928"}
{"pmid": "1016925", "title": "Outcome of hospitalization of geriatric patients in public psychiatric wards in New York and London.", "content": "Outcome of hospitalization of geriatric patients in public psychiatric wards in New York and London.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016925"}
{"pmid": "1016929", "title": "Comparison of depression inventories in a clinical population.", "content": "Comparison of depression inventories in a clinical population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016929"}
{"pmid": "1016930", "title": "Depression in a university clinic population.", "content": "Depression in a university clinic population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016930"}
{"pmid": "1016931", "title": "Psychiatry in family practice.", "content": "Psychiatry in family practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016931"}
{"pmid": "1016933", "title": "The effect of liquor store strike upon psychiatric hospital admissions for alcoholism.", "content": "The effect of liquor store strike upon psychiatric hospital admissions for alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016933"}
{"pmid": "1016932", "title": "Intravenous methylphenidate as a diagnostic and psychotherapeutic instrument in adult psychiatry.", "content": "Intravenous methylphenidate as a diagnostic and psychotherapeutic instrument in adult psychiatry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016932"}
{"pmid": "1016934", "title": "Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)", "content": "Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016934"}
{"pmid": "1016935", "title": "Decreased uptake of orotate in kidney tumors.", "content": "Decreased uptake of orotate in kidney tumors. The uptake of isotope by three transplanted kidney tumors after i.p. injection of 3H-labeled orotate was less than 5% of that in the host kidney cortex. A decrease of similar magnitude in the uptake into the acid-soluble tissue fractions from the kidney tumors was observed with very low incorporation into RNA relative to the host kidney cortex. Total uptake of orotate-3H and incorporation into RNA were several fold higher in the normal kidney cortex than in the kidney medulla and for the kidney cortex both parameters were less in young than in old rats. The uptake of uracil-3H by two kidney tumors was approximately 40% of that in the kidney cortex of host rats. Although the uptake of orotate-3H in kidney cortex was greater than that for uracil-3H the reverse situation was observed with kidney tumors, indicating that renal neoplasia in the rat is accompanied by an altered pattern of uptake of these metabolites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016935"}
{"pmid": "1016936", "title": "Shapes of carcinogenic benz[alpha]anthracenes: an x-ray crystal structure analysis of 12-methylbenz[alpha]anthracene.", "content": "Shapes of carcinogenic benz[alpha]anthracenes: an x-ray crystal structure analysis of 12-methylbenz[alpha]anthracene. The crystal structure of the moderately active carcinogen 12-methylbenz[alpha]anthracene (12-MBA) has been determined by application of direct methods to X-ray single-crystal diffraction data. Least-squares refinement to a residual R = 0.09 over 929 independent reflections enabled carbon positions to be established with apparent e.s.d.s. of atomic coordinates about 0.008 A. Deviation from planarity is exemplified by the 15.5 degrees inclination of the benz ring (A) to the anthracene nucleus and by the 0.89 A distance of the methyl carbon out of the best plane through the whole benzanthracene nucleus. Comparison with the structure of the highly carcinogenic 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene (7,12-DMBA), and with the recently solved structures of the weak carcinogen 1-MBA and the extremely weak carcinogen 1,12-DMBA, shows a close similarity in the anthracene parts; in 1-MBA, and 1,12-DMBA, the phenanthrenic K-region bond is close to 1.34 A and the M-region bond about 1.38 A. In 12-MBA, overcrowding in the 'bay' region causes the central anthracene ring C and the benz ring A each to be bent about 10 degrees in opposite directions from the phenanthrenic B ring, much as in 1-MBA and 7,12-DMBA, but less than in 1,12-DMBA; the 12-methyl carbon lies about the same distance (0.55 A) above the anthracene plane in 12-MBA as in 1,12-MBA and 7,12-DMBA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016936"}
{"pmid": "1016938", "title": "Theoretical prediction of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of chemical substances.", "content": "Theoretical prediction of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of chemical substances. The pseudopotential with respect to free electrons has been calculated for a series of chemical substances. These potentials are different for carcinogenic, mutagenic-carcinogenic, and mutagenic substances thus allowing the theoretical prediction of their biological activity. The reaction mechanism is discussed on the basis of the interaction potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016938"}
{"pmid": "1016937", "title": "Temporal changes in chromatin isolated from Friend virus-infected mouse spleens.", "content": "Temporal changes in chromatin isolated from Friend virus-infected mouse spleens. Differences noted in enzyme II directed RNA synthesis under varying salt conditions in nuclei isolated from uninfected and Friend virus (FV)-infected spleen cells, have been attributed to chromosomal modifications (Babcock and Rich 1973). This investigation was undertaken to determine if compositional changes occur in the chromatin of FV-infected spleens, which correlate with an altered rate of synthesis by enzyme II. A quantitative study of the chromatin constituents at various times after infection indicated that they vary in the same temporal manner as the rate of RNA synthesis in isolated nuclei. Relative to DNA, RNA, histone, and nonhistone protein reached a maximum at 14 days postinfection. This was followed by a gradual decrease during the remainder of the infection. Chromatin endogenous DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity varied in the same manner, suggesting that RNA synthesis directed by enzyme II is modulated by chromosomal proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016937"}
{"pmid": "1016939", "title": "Minimizing false negatives in electron microscope searches for virus or other specific features of cancer cells.", "content": "Minimizing false negatives in electron microscope searches for virus or other specific features of cancer cells. Electron microscopic searches for virus particles and other specific features of cancer cells involve exceptionally poor sampling statistics. It is probable that most searches conducted in the past were of limited value in establishing whether such viruses or special features are associated with one or more tumor types. On the other hand, in a few cases, the electron microscope has provided the first, or even the only, evidence of virus particles. A radical change in the way the electron microscope is applied to this problem is suggested whereby a high-voltage microscope is used to examine thicker sections and an image-processing arrangement is used to focus and select images and to search the images for virus particles. It is suggested that it is important to distinguish virus producers amongst oncogenic viral genome carriers since these may be in a more advanced state of tumor induction and may be capable of transmitting the virus to others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016939"}
{"pmid": "1016940", "title": "Behavior of rat liver catalase during electrophoresis in a pH gradient.", "content": "Behavior of rat liver catalase during electrophoresis in a pH gradient. Investigations were conducted on the distribution of rat liver catalase subsequent to electrofocusing in a pH gradient. Differences were observed depending on the enzyme being extracted from the total mitochondrial fraction, from the supernatant of the homogenate or from purified peroxisomes. Catalase solubilized from the total mitochondrial fraction exhibits an apparent isoelectric point lower than that of catalase derived from the supernatant. Catalase released from purified peroxisomes shows a behavior similar to that of the supernatant catalase. It has been concluded that, in a total mitochondrial fraction, a factor is present that alters the electric charge of the catalase molecule during or after the extraction of the enzyme. This factor is probably associated with lysosomes existing together with peroxisomes and mitochondria in a total mitochondrial fraction. As a matter of fact, the addition of an extract of purified lysosomes to purified peroxisomes or to supernatant will cause a shift towards a more acid pH of catalase distribution subsequent to electrofocalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016940"}
{"pmid": "1016941", "title": "Transfer RNA and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases in hormone dependent and independent mammary tumors of GR mice: II. Isoacceptor tRNA's in hormone dependent and independent mammary tumors of GR mice.", "content": "Transfer RNA and aminoacyl tRNA synthetases in hormone dependent and independent mammary tumors of GR mice: II. Isoacceptor tRNA's in hormone dependent and independent mammary tumors of GR mice. The chromatographic elution profiles of 15 aminoacyl tRNA's from dependent and independent mammary tumors of GR mice have been studied using the reversed phase chromatography (RPC 5). The seryl tRNA from the dependent tumor displayed three isoacceptor peaks while only two isoacceptor peaks were observed in the case of the independent tumor when the tRNA's were charged in the presence of the GR mice liver enzyme. Charging of the tRNA's with radioactive leucine by homologous and heterologous enzyme revealed major differences in the leucyl isoacceptor species. The homologous dependent tumor system charges five leucyl tRNA species while the independent system only charges four. The leucyl tRNA from the dependent tumor has a new peak which is only recognized by its own enzyme, but this peak is either suppressed or completely absent in the independent tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016941"}
{"pmid": "1016942", "title": "Carcinogenic effects of different nitroso-compounds in chinese hamsters: N-dibutylnitrosamine and N-nitrosomethylurea.", "content": "Carcinogenic effects of different nitroso-compounds in chinese hamsters: N-dibutylnitrosamine and N-nitrosomethylurea. Three hundred and twenty Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus) (CH) were subcutaneously (s.c.) treated with 1/5, 1/10 or 1/20 the mean lethal dose (LD50) of N-dibutylnitrosamine (DBN) or N-nitrosomethylurea (NMU). In several respects these two substances produced the same organotropy in the CH as in the Syrian golden (SGH) and European hamsters (EH). DBN prolonged lung tumours and neoplasms of the injection site. NMU induced tumours of the injection site only.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016942"}
{"pmid": "1016943", "title": "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human bronchial carcinoma.", "content": "Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in human bronchial carcinoma. A study was made to determine whether and to what extent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are present in human bronchial carcinoma. Twenty-four carcinomas, obtained from surgical operations and autopsies, were examined. The samples were tested for 12 PAH; these were determined by direct fluorescence analysis on thin-layer plates. Only 4 of the 12 PAH were detected in the cancerous tissue: benzo(a)pyrene, fluoranthene, benzo(ghi)perylene. Beno(a)pyrene was found in all carcinomas. The reasons for increased concentration of the detected PAH in cancerous tissue are discussed with respect to deposition and elimination of inhaled particles as well as the metabolism of these compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016943"}
{"pmid": "1016944", "title": "A further pancreatic carcinogen in Syrian golden hamsters: N-nitroso-bis(2-acetoxypropyl)amine.", "content": "A further pancreatic carcinogen in Syrian golden hamsters: N-nitroso-bis(2-acetoxypropyl)amine. Weekly subcutaneous injection of N-nitroso-bis(2-acetoxypropyl)amine (BAP) for 20 weeks to Syrian golden hamsters induced pancreatic neoplasms in 50% of the animals, as early as 15 weeks from the start of treatment. The carcinogenic potency and organotropic spectrum of BAP were similar to those of N-nitroso-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine (BHP). Metabolism studies indicated that BAP was readily converted in vivo to BHP and that BHP was also the major urinary metabolite.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016944"}
{"pmid": "1016945", "title": "Human breast carcinoma: heterotransplantation to newborn rats.", "content": "Human breast carcinoma: heterotransplantation to newborn rats. Cultured cells from a human breast carcinoma (HBC) were injected subcutaneously in newborn cortisone-treated Sprague-Dawley rats (CNBR). Tumors of predominantly epithelial nature appeared in all within 30 days, and wipespread metastases occured often. Cells cultured from these tumors rapidly produced similar tumors in CNBR. Rat-to-rat passage by implanting fragments of tumor tissue was 100% successful in CNBR. The in vivo model described is simple and inexpensive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016945"}
{"pmid": "1016946", "title": "Tumorgenicity of L cell derivatives and hybrid cells derived from them.", "content": "Tumorgenicity of L cell derivatives and hybrid cells derived from them. Hybridization studies on high and low malignant L cell derivatives support our previous conclusions, in showing that crosses between highly tumorigenic and poorly tumorigenic lines to a marked suppression of the malignant phenotype. Malignant behaviour is not, however, suppressed when cells from one highly tumorigenic line are crossed with those of another tumorigenic line. The present results show further that these rules apply even when all the cells crossed are closely related derivatives of one cell line.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016946"}
{"pmid": "1016947", "title": "Investigations on esophageal carcinogenicity by methyl-phenyl-nitrosamine and ethyl alcohol in rats.", "content": "Investigations on esophageal carcinogenicity by methyl-phenyl-nitrosamine and ethyl alcohol in rats. Methyl-phenyl-nitrosamine was administered subcutaneously or orally to Sprague-Dawley rats. Carcinomas of the esophagus were found in 46-87% of the animals. The induction period of tumors was 170-290 days. Simultaneous application of 25% ethyl alcohol given instead of drinking water did not alter tumor incidences and induction periods. Hepatotoxic effects of ethyl alcohol were not observed. Mean life expectancies of animals were not reduced.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016947"}
{"pmid": "1016948", "title": "Vaccinia virus: the possibilities of its oncogenicity in humans.", "content": "Vaccinia virus: the possibilities of its oncogenicity in humans. Contrary to the earlier generally accepted view that vaccinia virus replicates in the cytoplasm only of suitable target cells, steadily accumulating data show that the viral genome spends a limited period of time in the nucleus. This, together with the many cases where a close association has been suspected or established between skin cancer and vaccination, suggests that vaccinia virus may, under certain yet undefined physiological conditions, act as an oncogenic virus in humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016948"}
{"pmid": "1016949", "title": "Early membrane alterations in isolated cells treated in vitro with chemical carcinogens.", "content": "Early membrane alterations in isolated cells treated in vitro with chemical carcinogens. Membrane alterations were detected in isolated epithelial cells treated in vitro with 5 x 10(-4) M dibutylnitrosamine (DBN) or 1.2 x 10(-9) M diethylstilbestrol (DES) for 30 min. Addition of DBN to bladder cells and DES to endometrial cells elicited a striking increment in Con A-mediated hemadsorption, but not Con A binding, to the treated cells as compared to those not treated with carcinogens. Concomitantly, release of the lysosomal proteinase, cathepsin B1, to the extracellular medium was essentially doubled in the preparations exposed to the carcinogens, as compared to corresponding controls. The increased cellular hemagglutination in response to carcinogen treatment was significantly reduced by prior incubation of the epithelial cells with ovomucoid, a proteinase inhibitor that suppresses the activity of cathepsin B1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016949"}
{"pmid": "1016951", "title": "Carcinogenic effects of a single dose of diethylnitrosamine in three unrelated strains of mice: genetic dependence of the induced tumor types and incidence.", "content": "Carcinogenic effects of a single dose of diethylnitrosamine in three unrelated strains of mice: genetic dependence of the induced tumor types and incidence. The carcinogenic effects of a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN) were studied in three inbred strains of mice. The most predominant tumors observed were lung adenomas, leukemia, and liver tumors. Mice of strain AKR/J developed both leukemia and lung tumors; SWR/J mice were most susceptible to lung tumor development; and in C57BL/6J mice liver lesions including liver tumors occurred. The influence of the genetic background on the organ susceptibility to DEN-carcinogenesis is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016951"}
{"pmid": "1016950", "title": "Modification of photocarcinogenesis by two immunosuppressive agents.", "content": "Modification of photocarcinogenesis by two immunosuppressive agents. The carcinogenic effect of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the skin of hairless (hr) mice was modified by two immunosuppressive agents, rabbit anti-mouse lymphocytic serum (ALS), and 6-mercaptopurine (6MP). Daily exposure of mice to UVR resulted in multiple tumor production. Carcinogenesis was measured in terms of affected mice (prevalence) and numbers of tumors produced. By both criteria, photocarcinogenesis was enhanced by ALS but inhibited by 6MP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016950"}
{"pmid": "1016953", "title": "DNA damage and repair in intact animals. Single-stranded regions in rat liver DNA following administration of dimethylnitrosamine.", "content": "DNA damage and repair in intact animals. Single-stranded regions in rat liver DNA following administration of dimethylnitrosamine. Rat liver DNA was radioactively labelled by administration of [3H]thymidine following partial hepatectomy. Two weeks later, the rats were treated with the carcinogen, dimethylnitrosamine. DNA was isolated and fractionated by elution from benzoylated DEAE-cellulose with NaCl and caffeine solution. The caffeine-eluted fraction was increased by administration of dimethylnitrosamine. This increase was proportional to the dose of carcinogen injected and persisted for at least 24 h after administration of the carcinogen. These data, together with the results of hydroxyapatite chromatography, suggest that the DNA contains short single-stranded sections associated with much longer regions of native DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016953"}
{"pmid": "1016952", "title": "Proliferation of endocrine (APUD-type) cells during early N-diethylnitrosamine-induced lung carcinogenesis in hamsters.", "content": "Proliferation of endocrine (APUD-type) cells during early N-diethylnitrosamine-induced lung carcinogenesis in hamsters. Pronounced proliferation of amine precursor uptake and decarboxylase activity (APUD-type) cells was found in the segmental bronchi and bronchioles of Syrian golden hamsters during N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced lung carcinogenesis. Since similar epithelial alterations did not occur in previous experiments after benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) treatment, it is concluded that the initial stages of lung carcinogenesis differ with respect to the carcinogen administered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016952"}
{"pmid": "1016954", "title": "On the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo(a)pyrene in volcano exhausts.", "content": "On the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo(a)pyrene in volcano exhausts. The content of benzo(a)pyrene in the juvenile ashes of the volcano Tyatya (Kunashir Island, Kuriles) and in the soil, vegetation and volcanic mud collected near volcanos in Kamchatka was studied. It was concluded that volcanic activity does not play a large role in forming the background level of this carcinogen in the human environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016954"}
{"pmid": "1016958", "title": "Effect of sodium ascorbate on tumor induction in rats treated with morpholine and sodium nitrite, and with nitrosomorpholine.", "content": "Effect of sodium ascorbate on tumor induction in rats treated with morpholine and sodium nitrite, and with nitrosomorpholine. Groups of male MRC Wistar rats were treated for 2 years either with morpholine (10 g/kg food) together with sodium nitrite (3 g/l drinking water) or with N-nitrosomorpholine (NM, 0.15g/l drinking water). In both cases, a group of rats was given sodium ascorbate (22.7 g/kg food) in addition to these treatments. When ascorbate was present, the liver tumors induced by morpholine and nitrite showed a 1.7-fold longer induction period, a slightly lower incidence, and an absence of metastases in the lungs, indicating that ascorbate had inhibited the in vivo formation of NM. Ascorbate did not affect liver tumor induction by the performed NM. The group treated with morpholine, nitrite, and ascorbate had a 54% incidence of forestomach tumors, including an 18% incidence of squamous cell carcinomas, possibly because ascorbate promoted NM action in this organ.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016958"}
{"pmid": "1016956", "title": "Decreased transforming ability of a temperature-sensitive mutant of human adenovirus type 12.", "content": "Decreased transforming ability of a temperature-sensitive mutant of human adenovirus type 12. A mutant of human adenovirus type 12, temperature-sensitive for virus replication an for the enhancement of thymidine incorporation in resting human embryonic kidney cells, is described. The mutant was also temperature-sensitive for transformation of rat cells. The results indicate that a viral gene required for the virus growth cycle is also required for transformation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016956"}
{"pmid": "1016955", "title": "Stimulatory effect of staphylococcal leukocidin on granulopoiesis disturbed by cytostatic agents.", "content": "Stimulatory effect of staphylococcal leukocidin on granulopoiesis disturbed by cytostatic agents. Functional tests of granulopoiesis (leukocytosis, bone marrow picture, incubation in vitro of bone marrow with [3H]thymidine followed by radioautography and counting of labeled promyelocytes and myelocytes, serum muramidase level, liberation of granulocyte bone marrow reserve, Nitro-BT reduction in blood granulocytes, enzyme cytochemistry, and phagocytosis) were performed in rabbits given bubulphan (10 mg/kg) or 5-fluorouracil (200 mg/kg). Determinations were carried on serially during treatment with cytostatics. Some of the cytostatic-treated animals received intravenous (i.v.) injections of purified staphylococcal leukocidin in daily doses of 0.1 mg/kg. In control animals, theleukocidin resulted in stimulation of granulopoiesis (leukocytosis, increased number of [3H]thymidine-labeled myelocytes, elevated serum muramidase level). Animals receiving cytostatics suffered from marked inhibition of granulopoiesis accompanied by decrease of bone marrow granulocyte reserve. Injection of staphylococcal leukocidin during the period of myelosuppression evoked by cytostatics resulted in partial protection of granylopoiesis and faster regeneration of the leukocyte system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016955"}
{"pmid": "1016957", "title": "Random repression, immunological surveillance and hyperthermia.", "content": "Random repression, immunological surveillance and hyperthermia. A theoretical model of random repression of genetic information in a cancer cell is related to the efficiency of the immune system in removing cancer cells. It is suggested that at some elevated temperature, binding of a certain repressor molecule to the genome ceases and that the cell loses its random properties. We conclude with the idea that elevated temperature increases the efficiency of the immune system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016957"}
{"pmid": "1016959", "title": "Skin tumor initiating ability of benzo(a)pyrene 4,5- 7,5- and 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxides and 7,8-diol.", "content": "Skin tumor initiating ability of benzo(a)pyrene 4,5- 7,5- and 7,8-diol-9,10-epoxides and 7,8-diol. The skin tumor initiating abilities of both K-region and non-K-region epoxides of benzo(a)pyrene(BP) were determined in mice using a two-stage system of tumorigenesis. BP-4,5-epoxide and BP-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (anti) were found to be weak tumor initiators whereas BP-7,8-epoxide had about a third of the activity as the parent hydrocarbon, BP. However, the 7,8-dihydrodiol of BP was found to be approximately as potent as BP suggesting that it may be a proximate carcinogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016959"}
{"pmid": "1016960", "title": "The effect of withaferin A on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. An electron-microscope study.", "content": "The effect of withaferin A on human peripheral blood lymphocytes. An electron-microscope study. Cultures of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) were treated with withaferin A and examined by an electron microscope. The compound was found to affect the spindle microtubules of cells in metaphase. There were no intact pole-to-pole microtubules or pole-to-kinetochore microtubules found in the treated cells; the centrioles were located in the center. Furthermore, cells at interphase were also affected, the membrane system of the cells being damaged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016960"}
{"pmid": "1016961", "title": "The effect of withaferin A, a natural steroidal lactone, on the fine structure of S-180 tumor cells.", "content": "The effect of withaferin A, a natural steroidal lactone, on the fine structure of S-180 tumor cells. Mouse sarcoma 180 (S-180) solid and ascites tumor cells were treated in vivo and in vitro with withaferin A and observed with the electron microscope. The compound was found to effect this spindle microtubules of cells in metaphase. An interesting finding was the double membranes surrounding the chromosomes in the treated cells; probably the nuclei were reconstructed directly from the metaphase stage in the in vivo withaferin A-treated cells. In addition the membranes of the cells in interphase were affected by in vivo or in vitro treatment with the compound.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016961"}
{"pmid": "1016962", "title": "Effect of chronic administration of dimethylnitrosamine on the excision of O6-methylguanine from rat liver DNA.", "content": "Effect of chronic administration of dimethylnitrosamine on the excision of O6-methylguanine from rat liver DNA. Rats were exposed chronically to unlabelled N,N-dimethylnitrosamine (25 ppm in the drinking water) then given a single dose of N-[3H]methyl-N-nitrosourea (10 mg/kg body weight). The rates of loss of tritium-labeled 7-methylguanine, O6-methylguanine and 3-methyladenine from the liver DNA in control and dimethylnitrosamine-treated rats were found not to be significantly different. Thus, under the conditions used, inhibition of the O6-methylguanine excision repair system does not seem to be a factor in the induction of liver tumours by chronic DMN application.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016962"}
{"pmid": "1016964", "title": "Echocardiographic evaluation of adriamycin cardiotoxicity in children.", "content": "Echocardiographic evaluation of adriamycin cardiotoxicity in children. Thirty children with malignant solid tumors receiving adriamycin had serial evaluation of left ventricular (LV) function by echocardiography. The echocardiographic studies showed a progressive decrease in myocardial contractility as evidenced by changes in several parameters of LV function with increasing cumulative doses of the drug. Using the patients as their own controls, serial echocardiography appears to be a reliable method for detecting early alteration of cardiac function in the asymptomatic patient. This technique may prove useful to prevent cardiomyopathy secondary to adriamycin and to prolong therapy beyond the currently established limits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016964"}
{"pmid": "1016963", "title": "Induction of renal pelvic tumours in Sprague-Dawley rats by di-isopropanolnitrosamine.", "content": "Induction of renal pelvic tumours in Sprague-Dawley rats by di-isopropanolnitrosamine. Transitional cell papillomas and carcinomas of the renal pelvis were observed in Sprague-Dawley rats after subcutaneous (s.c.) treatment with di-isopropranolnitrosamine (DIPN). These tumours occurred unilaterally and appeared as early as 24 weeks after the commencement of treatment. The tumours frequently filled the entire renal pelvis and compressed the kidney parenchyma. The malignant neoplasms demonstrated infiltrative growth into the adjacent medullary parenchyma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016963"}
{"pmid": "1016966", "title": "Survival and cycle-progression delay of human lymphoma cells in vitro exposed to VP-16-213.", "content": "Survival and cycle-progression delay of human lymphoma cells in vitro exposed to VP-16-213. The lethal and kinetic effects of VP-16-213 were analyzed in a human lymphoid cell line (T1 cells) in vitro. When asynchronous T1 cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of VP-16-213 for 1 hour, an exponential survival curve with a Do (mean lethal dose equal to the concentration required to reduce survival by 63% on the exponential part of the survival curve) of 3 mug/ml was obtained. Increasing exposure time also reduced survival exponentially. Synchronized cells showed age-dependent sensitivity to VP-16-213 with the greatest lethal damage experienced by cells treated in S and G2 phase. The major kinetic response of the T1 cells to VP-16-213 was a delay in G2 phase, the extent and duration of which was a function of drug concentration, exposure time, and cell cycle stage of drug addition; thus, cells in S phase were most effectively blocked in the subsequent G2 phase. Continuous treatment with concentrations of VP-16-213 (greater than 0.5 mug/ml for greater than 3 hours) caused a retardation of S-phase transit with prompt recovery after drug release. Treatment with 10.0 mug/ml for greater than 3 hours resulted in a \"frozen state\" of the whole life cycle, inducing only minor compartment changes. DNA synthesis was inhibited in the majority of cells with an S-phase DNA content. There was no correlation between the extent of perturbation and lethal effects after treatment with VP-16-213.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016966"}
{"pmid": "1016965", "title": "Studies of the effects of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone on some hepatic oxidations and conjugations.", "content": "Studies of the effects of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone on some hepatic oxidations and conjugations. The effects of low and high doses of three anticancer agents, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (given individually or in various combinations), on oxidative and conjugation pathways were studied in Sprague-Dawley male rats. Cyclophosphamide used alone at low doses decreased aniline hydroxylase and ethylmorphine demethylase activities by about 20% and at high doses produced a 30%-50% decrease in the specific activities of several microsomal mixed-function oxygenase activities, in the contents of cytochromes P-450 and b5, and in the magnitudes of type I and II drug-binding spectrum. The levels of microsomal glucouronidase, glucuronyl transferase, and sulfatase per gram of liver were also decreased (30%-50%) by the high dose of cyclophosphamide. The high dose of cyclophosphamide in conjunction with either vincristine or prednisone also produced a noticeable decrease in several activities tested; however, when cyclophosphamide was given at either low or high doses in combination with vincristine and prednisone, the activities tested were comparable to those seen in untreated controls. The mechanism of this protection is presently unknown. Vincristine, at both low and high doses, produced little effect on oxidative pathways; however, at low doses it caused a significant increase (80%) in the specific activity of hepatic microsomal sulfatase. This effect was also discernible when vincristine was given in combination with cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Other than producing a 15% decrease in liver weight and a 40% decrease in the specific activity of microsomal glucuronidase, the high dose of prednisone used had no effect on various activities tested. Results of these studies indicate a potential for drug interaction among anticancer agents and supportive drugs used in combination cancer chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016965"}
{"pmid": "1016967", "title": "Studies with 2,5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride. II. Effects on macromolecular synthesis in cell culture and evidence for alkylating activity.", "content": "Studies with 2,5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride. II. Effects on macromolecular synthesis in cell culture and evidence for alkylating activity. 2,5-Piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride (NSC-135758) inhibited DNA synthesis but not RNA and protein synthesis in Adenocarcinoma 755 cells in culture. The expression of such inhibition was delayed in time; it was necessary to expose tumor cells to NSC-135758 for 10-12 hours before measuring the macromolecular synthesis in order to demonstrate selective inhibition of DNA synthesis. Inhibition of DNA synthesis was demonstrated to be irreversible in human epidermoid carcinoma cells in culture. Exposure of cells in suspension culture to NSC-135758 or to melphalan for 1-4 hours, and then incubation of cells in the absence of an inhibitor for 20 hours, resulted in preferential inhibition of DNA synthesis; inhibition of RNA synthesis was observed under these conditions but was less pronounced. Chemical evidence for alkylating activity of NSC-135758 and of the bis-aziridine derived from it (NSC-201424) was obtained by demonstrating their reaction with 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine. NSC-135758 was more potent as a cytotoxic agent than was its derivative, a result which suggests that NSC-135758 is the active alkylating agent. Reaction of NSC-135758 with diethylamine was examined; the product obtained upon alkylation of diethylamine by NSC-135758 was identified from its proton magnetic resonance spectrum and by field desorption mass spectral analysis. These results support the view that NSC-135758 acts as an alkylating agent in inhibiting DNA synthesis and cell proliferation of tumor cells in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016967"}
{"pmid": "1016968", "title": "Studies with 2,5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride. III. Biochemical and therapeutic effects in L1210 leukemias sensitive and resistant to alkylating agents: comparison with melphalan, cyclophosphamide, and BCNU.", "content": "Studies with 2,5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride. III. Biochemical and therapeutic effects in L1210 leukemias sensitive and resistant to alkylating agents: comparison with melphalan, cyclophosphamide, and BCNU. 2,5-Piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride (NSC-135758) selectively inhibits DNA synthesis in L1210/0 leukemia and in cyclophosphamide-resistant L1210 (L1210/CPA). Melphalan (L-PAM) inhibits nucleic-acid synthesis but not protein synthesis in L1210/0 and L1210/CPA. CPA selectively inhibits DNA synthesis in L1210/0 but does not inhibit DNA synthesis in L1210/CPA. NSC-135758 is as active in vivo against L1210/CPA and BCNU-resistant L1210 (L1210/BCNU) as it is against L1210/0. It is inactive against ic implanted L1210/0. These data clearly indicate important differences in the biologic activity of this compound compared to either CPA or BCNU. L-PAM is similar to NSC-135758 in activity against L1210/CPA and L1210/BCNU.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016968"}
{"pmid": "1016969", "title": "Amino acid-conferred resistance to melphalan. I. Structure-activity relationship in cultured murine L1210 leukemia cells.", "content": "Amino acid-conferred resistance to melphalan. I. Structure-activity relationship in cultured murine L1210 leukemia cells. Melphalan cytotoxicity to murine L1210 leukemia cells in culture was reduced in growth medium containing amino acids. Investigation of the effect of single amino acids revealed that the L-isomers of glutamine and leucine, but not the D-isomers, were the most active in decreasing cytotoxicity. Protection was concentration dependent, with maximum protection occurring at approximately 0.25 mM, a physiologic concentration. The LD90 for melphalan in the presence of 0.1 mM L-glutamine or L-leucine was increased by 7.3- and 10.8-fold respectively, under conditions where the cells had been pre-incubated with the amino acids. These results are interpreted to suggest that melphalan transport by the L1210 leukemia cell is mediated by a system also responsible for the transport of glutamine and leucine and that interaction with such a system may play a significant role in the chemotherapeutic activity of this alkylating agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016969"}
{"pmid": "1016970", "title": "Combination chemotherapy with mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil, and cytosine arabinoside in gastrointestinal cancer.", "content": "Combination chemotherapy with mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil, and cytosine arabinoside in gastrointestinal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016970"}
{"pmid": "1016971", "title": "Comparison of the biologic activity of VP-16-213 given iv and orally in capsules or drink ampules.", "content": "Comparison of the biologic activity of VP-16-213 given iv and orally in capsules or drink ampules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016971"}
{"pmid": "1016972", "title": "Combination cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma with DTIC, BCNU, and vincristine.", "content": "Combination cytotoxic chemotherapy for metastatic cutaneous malignant melanoma with DTIC, BCNU, and vincristine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016972"}
{"pmid": "1016973", "title": "Phase II study of ICRF-159 in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma previously exposed to systemic chemotherapy.", "content": "Phase II study of ICRF-159 in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma previously exposed to systemic chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016973"}
{"pmid": "1016974", "title": "Combination therapy with mitomycin C,5-fluorouracil, and cytosine arabinoside in P815 ascites and solid mouse neoplasms.", "content": "Combination therapy with mitomycin C,5-fluorouracil, and cytosine arabinoside in P815 ascites and solid mouse neoplasms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016974"}
{"pmid": "1016975", "title": "Pigmentation of the tongue after treatment with adriamycin.", "content": "Pigmentation of the tongue after treatment with adriamycin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016975"}
{"pmid": "1016976", "title": "Antiestrogens in the treatment of breast cancer.", "content": "Antiestrogens in the treatment of breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016976"}
{"pmid": "1016978", "title": "Radiosensitizers of hypoxic cells in solid tumors.", "content": "Radiosensitizers of hypoxic cells in solid tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016978"}
{"pmid": "1016979", "title": "Enol acetates of nucleoside-5'-aldehydes: potential intermediates for substituent incorporation at C-4'.", "content": "Enol acetates of nucleoside-5'-aldehydes: potential intermediates for substituent incorporation at C-4'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016979"}
{"pmid": "1016977", "title": "Prostaglandins and cancer.", "content": "Prostaglandins and cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016977"}
{"pmid": "1016980", "title": "Utilization of unsaturated amino sugars in the synthesis of nucleosides.", "content": "Utilization of unsaturated amino sugars in the synthesis of nucleosides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016980"}
{"pmid": "1016981", "title": "Synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose.", "content": "Synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose. Condensation of 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-O-carbonyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl bromide with benzyl 2-acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (2) gave an alpha-D-linked disaccharide, further transformed by removal of the carbonyl and benzylidene groups and acetylation into the previously reported benzyl 2-acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene groups and acetylation into the previously reported benzyl 2-acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-3-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. Condensation of 3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-1,2,-O-(l-ethoxyethylidene)-alpha-D-glucopyranose or 2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl bromide with 2 gave benzyl 2-acetamido-3-O-(2 O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. Removal of the acetyl group at O-2, followed by oxidation with acetic anhydride-dimethyl sulfoxide, gave the beta-D-arabino-hexosid-2-ulose 14. Reduction with sodium borohydride, and removal of the protective groups, gave 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose, which was characterized as the heptaacetate. The anomeric configuration of the glycosidic linkage was ascertained by comparison with the alpha-D-linked analog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016981"}
{"pmid": "1016982", "title": "The synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose.", "content": "The synthesis of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose. Condensation of 4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-O-carbonyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl bromide with 2-amino-2-N,3-O-carbonyl-5.6-O-isopropylidene-D-glucose diethyl acetal gave, unexpectedly, 2-amino-2-N,3-O-carbonyl-2-deoxy-4-O-(4,6-di-O-acetyl-2,3-O-carbonyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl)-5,6-O-isopropylidene-D-glucose diethyl acetal, futher transformed, by de-esterification followed by acetylation, into the previously known 2-amino-2-N,3-O-carbonyl-2-deoxy-5,6-O-isopropylidene-4-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose diethyl acetal and its tetra-O-acetyl derivative. Benzyl 2-acetamido-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside was condensed with 2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bromide to give benzyl 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-3,6-di-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Removal of the 2-O-acetyl group, followed by oxidation with acetic anhydridedimethyl sulfoxide, gave a beta-D-arabino-hexosid-2-ulose (25). After reduction with sodium borohydride, removal of the benzyl groups gave crystalline 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-D-glucose (27). The anomeric configuration of the glycosidic linkage was ascertained by comparison with the alpha-D-linked disaccharide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016982"}
{"pmid": "1016984", "title": "Synthesis of prumycin and related compounds.", "content": "Synthesis of prumycin and related compounds. Prumycin (1) and related compounds have been synthesized from benzyl 2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-deoxy-5,6-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-glucofuranoside (4). Benzoylation of 4, followed by deisopropylidenation, gave benzyl 3-O-benzoyl-2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucofuranoside (6), which was converted, via oxidative cleavage at C-5-C-6 and subsequent reduction, into the related benzyl beta-D-xylofuranoside derivative (7). Benzylation of 3-O-benzoyl-2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-amino-2-deoxy-D-xylopyranose (8), derived from 7 by hydrolysis, afforded the corresponding DERIVATIVES (9,11) of beta-and alpha-D-xylopyranoside, and compound 7 as a minor product. Treatment of benzyl 3-O-benzoyl-2(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2-deoxy-4-O-mesyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside (10), formed by mesylation of 9, with sodium azide in N,N-dimethylformamide gave benzyl 4-azido-3-O-benzoyl-2-(benzyloxycarbonyl)amino-2,4-dideoxy-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (13), which was debenzoylated to compound 14. Selective reduction of the azide group in 14, and condensation of the 4-amine with N-[N-benzyloxycarbonyl)-D-alaninoyloxy]succinimide, gave the corresponding derivative (15) of 1. Reductive removal of the protecting groups of 15 afforded 1. Prumycin analogs were also synthesized from compound 14. Evidence in support of the structures assigned to the new derivatives is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016984"}
{"pmid": "1016983", "title": "The synthesis, binding, and agglutinating activity of 6-aminohexyl beta-D-mannopyranoside.", "content": "The synthesis, binding, and agglutinating activity of 6-aminohexyl beta-D-mannopyranoside.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016983"}
{"pmid": "1016986", "title": "Synthesis of O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 linked to 4)-O-(2acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 linked to 2)-D-mannose and its interaction with various lectins.", "content": "Synthesis of O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 linked to 4)-O-(2acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 linked to 2)-D-mannose and its interaction with various lectins. 2-Methyl-[3,6-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-alpha D-glucopyrano]-[2,1-d]-2oxazoline (4) was prepared from 2-acetamido-3,6-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl chloride. Condensation of 3,4:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-D-mannose dimethyl acetal with 4 in the presence of a catalytic amount of p-toluenesulfonic acid afforded O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1 linked to 4)-O-(2-acetamido-3,6-di-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 linked to 2)-3,4:5,6-di-O-ispropylidene-D-mannose dimethyl acetal (6) in 8.6% yield. Catalytic deacetylation of 6 with sodium methoxide, followed by hydrolysis with dilute sulfuric acid, gave O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 linked to 4)-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-(1 linked to 2)-D-mannose (7). The inhibitory activities of 7 and related sugars against the henagglutinating activities of various lectins were assayed, and 7 was found to be a good inhibitor against Phaseolus vulgaris hemagglutinin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016986"}
{"pmid": "1016985", "title": "Methylation studies of the polysaccharides resulting from sequential Smith-degradations of the galactan from the snail Strophocheilus oblongus.", "content": "Methylation studies of the polysaccharides resulting from sequential Smith-degradations of the galactan from the snail Strophocheilus oblongus. When the galactan from the albumen glands of the snail Strophocheilus oblongus was submitted to three Smith-degradation, the degraded polysaccharide, isolated in 6% yield, was much more linear. Methylation analysis showed that the Smith-degraded polysaccharide gave an increased percentage of 2,4,6-tri, decreased percentages of 2,3,4,6-tetra-and 2,4-di, and a large variation in the amount of 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-galactose. The sugars in the polysaccharide which result in the formation of 2,3,4,6-tetra- and 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-galactose are destoryed in subsequent degradation procedures. The above observations suggest that the degradation by periodate oxidation proceeds via non-reducing end-groups and though some internal residues that are exposed as the degradation proceeds. As a result of the overall process, new non-reducing end-groups are formed and new (1 leads to 6)-linked D-galactose residues are then exposed. The  isolation of glycosides of low molecular weight supports the suggestion that the molecule, in the main, is sequentially degraded from the external layers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016985"}
{"pmid": "1016987", "title": "Chemical modification of aminocyclitol antibiotics.", "content": "Chemical modification of aminocyclitol antibiotics. The aminocyclitol antibiotic neamine has been chemically modified at the hydroxyl group on C-6 of the 2-deoxystrepatamine moiety. The partially acetylated neamine derivatives, 6,3,4-tri-O-acetyl- (3) and 5,3-57,4-tri-O-acetyl-1,3,2,6-tetra-N-(ethoxycarbonyl)neamine (4), were prepared by random hydrolysis of the 5,6-O-ethoxyethylidene derivative (2), followed by chromatographic purification. Condensation of 4 and 2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride led to 6-O-(beta-D-ribonfuranosyl)neamine (7). Analogous condensation of 4 with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl bromide or 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl bromide afforded the corresponding 6-O-(D-hexopyranosyl)neamines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016987"}
{"pmid": "1016988", "title": "Changes in carbohydrate content of surface membranes of human erythrocytes during ageing.", "content": "Changes in carbohydrate content of surface membranes of human erythrocytes during ageing. The carbohydrate content (neutral hexoses, fucose, sialic acid, and hexosamine) of human erythrocytes is significantly higher in young than in old erythrocytes. The differences observed in the carbohydrate content of surface glycopeptides, obtained after incubation with either Pronase or trypsin, is still more striking, suggesting important modifications of the carbohydrate moeties of the erythrocyte membrane during in vivo ageing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016988"}
{"pmid": "1016989", "title": "Studies of the epimerization of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose:selective deuteration at C-2 of 2-acetamido-2-deoxyaldoses.", "content": "Studies of the epimerization of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose:selective deuteration at C-2 of 2-acetamido-2-deoxyaldoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016989"}
{"pmid": "1016991", "title": "The synthesis of N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-3-O-E13,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-L-serine methyl ester, and its condensation with activated esters of amino acids.", "content": "The synthesis of N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-3-O-E13,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-L-serine methyl ester, and its condensation with activated esters of amino acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016991"}
{"pmid": "1016990", "title": "Synthesis of O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 linked to 3)-O-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-L-threonine.", "content": "Synthesis of O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 linked to 3)-O-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-L-threonine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016990"}
{"pmid": "1016992", "title": "Isolation of 3-O-methyl-D-ribose from a Rhizobium polysaccharide.", "content": "Isolation of 3-O-methyl-D-ribose from a Rhizobium polysaccharide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016992"}
{"pmid": "1016993", "title": "Venous pressure and exercise tolerance.", "content": "Venous pressure and exercise tolerance. Compared to the number of contractions obtained when a blood pressure cuff on the upper arm was at zero pressure, inflation of the cuff to pressures ranging between 5 and 40 mm Hg resulted in an augmentation of the number of hand contractions that could be performed prior to the development of ipsilateral severe fatigue or intolerable pain. Cuff pressures of 60 mm Hg reduced the number of contractions below the control level. These results are consistent with the concept that exercise during venous congestion facilitates the washout of the toxic catabolite presumed to be produced during muscular contraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016993"}
{"pmid": "1016994", "title": "Factors affecting the transvalvar pressure difference in a hydraulic model of aortic stenosis.", "content": "Factors affecting the transvalvar pressure difference in a hydraulic model of aortic stenosis. Mechanical factors that can modify the peak transvalvar pressure differences (delta P) in aortic stenosis were evaluated in a model. A latex rubber sac simulated the ventricle. Expansion of the walls of the sac by means of a negative pressure applied to its outer wall introduced a measure volume into the sac and placed the wall materials under tension. The stretched sac was then permitted to contract and to expel its contents through \"aortic valvar\" orifices of various severities of stenosis, into an aortic standpipe of selected diameters (compliances). Factors that increased the peak delta P included the strength (thickness) of the ventricular wall, the rate at which it mobilized and applied its tensile force to compress the sac contents, the unstressed volume of the sac, the total volume in the sac at onset of contraction, the severity of the valvar stenosis, the compliance of the aorta, the rate of arterial run-off, and the aortic diastolic pressure. Loss of forward stroke volume due to mitral regurgitation lowered the peak delta P. Elevations in diastolic arterial pressure also lowered delta P. All of these mechanical factors should be considered in the analysis of the severity of clinical aortic valvar stenosis and in decisions for medical therapy and surgical correction. The several factors which do not depend directly on the orifice area or on the forward stroke volume vitiate the sole use of the orifice formula in the analysis of the dynamics of aortic stenosis. The application of this approach in related problems is indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016994"}
{"pmid": "1016997", "title": "Pericarditis associated to acquired toxoplasmosis in a child.", "content": "Pericarditis associated to acquired toxoplasmosis in a child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016997"}
{"pmid": "1016996", "title": "Massive left atrial thrombus: a case report.", "content": "Massive left atrial thrombus: a case report. This case report describes a patient with aortic and mitral valvular disease who had a massive left atrial thrombus. The left atrial thrombus produced a disappearance of signs of mitral stenosis and a reversed pan diastolic mitral valve gradient. This gradient occurred in the absence of any diastolic mitral insufficiency and may have been due to artifactual lowering of the left atrial pressure by an organized left atrial clot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016996"}
{"pmid": "1016995", "title": "Effect of ischemia and infarction on regional content of adenine nucleotides and derivatives in canine left ventricle.", "content": "Effect of ischemia and infarction on regional content of adenine nucleotides and derivatives in canine left ventricle. Samples of myocardium from four areas of ischemic and infarcted canine ventricle were examined over a 20-day period for content of the three adenine nucleotides as well as inosine, hypoxanthine, adenosine, and inosine monophosphate. The adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content of central and peripheral areas within the infarct fell to 11% and 8% of control, respectively, 1 day after coronary occlusion. The total adenine nucleotide (TAN) content in these areas fell to 17% of control and showed no significant recovery during the period of study. In the functional myocardium immediately surrounding the infarct the ATP content was depressed to 58% control after 1 day, and the TAN content was also depressed. In the healthy myocardium near the apex, the ATP content was significantly depressed only at the 3-day sample period. Adenine nucleotide derivatives were detected only at 30 min in the central ischemic area. The absence of the nucleoside and nucleobase compounds formed during adenine nucleotide degradation is attributed to their high membrane diffusibility. Loss of these compounds is considered a contributing factor in the prolonged depression of adenine nucleotide content in both ischemic and non-ischemic regions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1016995"}
{"pmid": "1017010", "title": "Capping of eucaryotic mRNAs.", "content": "Capping of eucaryotic mRNAs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017010"}
{"pmid": "1017014", "title": "A radiological analysis of the transcription units for heterogeneous nuclear RNA in cultured murine cells.", "content": "A radiological analysis of the transcription units for heterogeneous nuclear RNA in cultured murine cells. Ultraviolet irradiation of cultured murine cells damages chromosomal DNA, thus causing premature termination of synthesis of hnRNA chains. We have utilized this effect for measuring the sizes of transcription units for the various classes of hnRNA. Target size analyses of the loss of synthesis of hnRNA species suggest that hnRNA, through its entire size range, constitutes mostly primary transcripts-that is, the shorter RNA molecules are not processed from longer precursors. Polyadenylated hnRNA appears to be a primary transcript as well. Our data, however, are also consistent with processing of precursors to poly(A)+ hnRNA from the 5'termini of larger hnRNA molecules. They are not consistent with models which postulate that poly(A)+ hnRNA sequences originate at the 3' termini of precursors which are considerably larger (greater than 30%) than the polyadenylated hnRNA molecules themselves. Finally, we have found that the process of polyadenylation is not measurably affected by ultraviolet irradiation of cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017014"}
{"pmid": "1017013", "title": "The expression of three abundance classes of messenger RNA in mouse tissues.", "content": "The expression of three abundance classes of messenger RNA in mouse tissues. Using the technique of mRNA-cDNA hybridization, we have shown that there are between 11,500 and 12,500 different mRNAs in three different mouse tissues:kidneys, brains, and livers. Several experiments suggest that in each tissue the mRNAs are organized into three abundance classes rather than as a continumm with respect to concentration. Cross-hybridization experminets show that the most abundant class of mRNA in each tissue is characteristic, and that a high proportion of the total sequences are common between tissues. For a more complete analysis, cDNA was fractionated into three classes. Studies using isolated abundant cDNA show that some abundant sequences of liver and kidney are present in other tissues, but among the lower frequency classes. Thus tissue-specific differences in mRNA populations may be related to abundance as well as qualitative differences. Using isolated middle frequency cDNA of the kidney, it was shown that of the 550 or so sequences in this class, approximately 500 are shared with the liver. Similarly, between 9,500 and 10,500 of the low frequency kidney cDNAs are shared with the brain and liver, respectively, suggesting that the majority of mRNAs may be involved with \"housekeeping\" activities. In an attempt to see whether abundance of mRNA is related to repetition of the sequence in the genome, it was shown that abundant and middle frequency cDNA of the liver and kidney contain a component that anneals with DNA repeated approximately 100 fold. However, the low frequency cDNA of the kidney contains no repeated sequences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017013"}
{"pmid": "1017012", "title": "Control of lysozyme induction in the differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells.", "content": "Control of lysozyme induction in the differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells. A system has been developed with clones of mouse myeloid leukemic cells in culture to study the induction of synthesis and secretion of lysozyme in relation to other steps in myeloid cell differentiation. Lysozyme was initially absent in all the clones studied. The different clones can be divided into three types according to their ability to be induced to undergo normal cell differentiation by the protein inducer MGI (macrophage and granulocyte inducer). One type of clone that can be induced by MGI to form Fc and C3 receptors and differentiate to mature macrophages and granulocytes (MGI+D+) was also induced by MGI to synthesize and secrete lysozyme. Lysozyme was induced after Fc and C3 receptors, and labeling with 35S-methionine has shown that the induced lysozyme was newly synthesized. MGI+D+ clones were also induced to synthesize and secrete lysozyme by dexamethasone, prednisolone, cytosine arabinoside, or thymidine and in one of four clones by dimethylsulfoxide but not by sodium butyrate. Inhibition of cell multiplication by itself was not sufficient to induce lysozyme synthesis. A second type of clone which can be induced by MGI to form Fc and C3 receptors but not mature cells (MGI+D-) was more weakly inducible by MGI for lysozyme and was not inducible by any of the other compounds. A third type of clone (MGI-D) MGI for receptors or mature cells. One of four MGI-D- clones was induced to synthesize but not secrete lysozyme by dexamethasone together with sodium butyrate, but there was no lysozyme induction by MGI or any of the other compounds separately. The different clones maintained their different properties for at least 6 months in culture. The results indicate that clones with different hereditary blocks in the ability to be induced to differentiate by specific compounds can be used to dissect the process of myeloid cell differentiation, that the sequence of differentiation is induction of Fc and C3 receptors leads to lysozyme leads to mature cells, and that there are separate controls for these developmental steps.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017012"}
{"pmid": "1017015", "title": "Identification and characterization of multiple forms of actin.", "content": "Identification and characterization of multiple forms of actin. Multiple forms of actin have been found in a variety of mammalian cell lines and tissues by the use of high resolution, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. One form (alpha actin) was found only in differentiated muscle cells, and its synthesis is induced during myogenesis in culture. Two other forms (beta and gamma actin) are present in all nonmuscle cell types examined, and they continue to be synthesized in cultured muscle cells after fusion. Tryptic peptide comparisons have shown that muscle actin is distinguished from the two \"nonmuscle\" actins by several peptide differences, and that the two non-muscle actins are nearly identical. All three forms contain equimolar amounts of N-methylhistidine, and extensive controls have shown no evidence of artifactual heterogeneity. In addition to the three major actins, two other proteins were identified as probably forms of actin by affinity for DNAase I-agarose. These proteins are similar in charge and molecular weight to the major actin forms, but are unstable and have lifetimes in the cell of less than 2 hr.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017015"}
{"pmid": "1017016", "title": "The effect of ecdysterone on nonhistone proteins in salivary gland chromosomes of Sciara coprophila.", "content": "The effect of ecdysterone on nonhistone proteins in salivary gland chromosomes of Sciara coprophila. Synthesis and transport of proteins to the cell nucleus during puff induction was studied in S. coprophila. Changes in grain distribution along chromosomes (L-methionine [35S] incorporation into protein) were correlated with puffs induced by ecdysterone in vitro; A pattern of specific labelling at the sites of incipient puffs was noted within 2 h after the addition of the hormone, i.e. grains on the chromosomes were in clusters, characteristic for this time point and not seen in the controls (where only non-specific labeling was noted 0-4 h). Characteristic chromosomal puffs appeared between 3-4 h after the addition of ecdysterone. It was concluded that during ecdysterone-induced puff formation in salivary gland chromosomes, proteins which had been previously synthesized were selectively transported from the cytoplasm to specific sites on the chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017016"}
{"pmid": "1017017", "title": "Changes in type of collagen synthesized by chick fibroblasts in vitro in the presence of 5-bromodeoxyuridine.", "content": "Changes in type of collagen synthesized by chick fibroblasts in vitro in the presence of 5-bromodeoxyuridine. Chick embryo fibroblasts cease to synthesize their normal collagen product when grown in the presence of the thymidine analogue, 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). The drug causes an alteration of synthesis from the normal Type I collagen (alpha1 (I)2alpha2) to a mixture of Type I and Type I trimer (alpha1(I)3). While the significance of the synthesis of Type I trimer is unclear, it has been noted that chondrocytes synthesize this collagen type following in vitro senescence and in the presence of BrdU. Since BrdU may cause a switching in the temporal pattern of collagen biosynthesis in chondrocytes and in fibroblasts it is proposed that BrdU may alter the normal regulatory controls acquired by the cells during the course of their differentiation. The synthesis of type I trimer might provide a marker for such a break-down in a wide variety of cell types.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017017"}
{"pmid": "1017011", "title": "Selection of temperature-sensitive CHL asparagyl-tRNA synthetase mutants using the toxic lysine analog, S-2-aminoethyl-L-cysteine.", "content": "Selection of temperature-sensitive CHL asparagyl-tRNA synthetase mutants using the toxic lysine analog, S-2-aminoethyl-L-cysteine. We developed a procedure, using the toxic lysine analog S-2-aminoethyl-L-cysteine (thialysine) as the selective agent, to obtain mutant Chinese hamster lung (CHL) fibroblasts with temperature-sensitive defects affecting protein synthesis. The procedure is efficient, rapid, and simple. Using this selective system, we isolated six temperature-sensitive mutants that fail to grow (plating efficiencies less than 10-5) and synthesize protein at 39 degrees C. The temperature-sensitive phenotype of five of the six mutants is suppressed in vivo by exogenous asparagine. In the mutant studied in the greatest detail, asparagyl-tRNA synthetase activity is extremely thermolabile in vitro. Asparagine-suppressible, temperature-sensitive mutants are induced at a high frequency by the mutagen ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS), and they can be efficiently recovered using the proper selective conditions. Our results suggest that CHL cells have only one functional copy of the gene encoding for asparagyl-tRNA synthetase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017011"}
{"pmid": "1017019", "title": "Evidence of hormonal control of the nucleolar activity in Sciara ocellaris.", "content": "Evidence of hormonal control of the nucleolar activity in Sciara ocellaris. The nucleolus organizing region in the salivary gland of Sciara ocellaris becomes gradually less active as the larvae approach pupation. The cytological visible condensation of the nucleolar puff is paralleled by a decrease in the incorporation of [3H]-uridine into the ribosomal RNA. Alterations in the nucleolar behavior were brought about by extirpation of the neuroendocrine glands at six stages of development. There is a 'critical stage' during the 7th day of the 4th instar when the hormonal stimulus for pupation occurs. If the ligature is performed before this stage the NOR remains expanded and the larval-pupal ecdysis is inhibited; if done later on the NOR condenses at a normal rate and the ligated larvae mount to head-less pupae. These results suggest that inhibition of rRNA synthesis and consequent condensation of the NOR is under the control of the moulting hormone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017019"}
{"pmid": "1017018", "title": "Recombination of embryonic haemoglobin chains during the development of the chick.", "content": "Recombination of embryonic haemoglobin chains during the development of the chick. Embryonic differentiation is at present interpreted as the expression of variable gene activity. It is commonly thought that derepression of operator gene groups is the main cause of progress during development. However it is equally possible that gene repression plays a role in the appearance of new phenotypic characteristics. This paper illustrates such a possibility. It is known that in chickens embryonic haemoglobins exist which are replaced by other haemoglobins at about the sixth day of incubation. Analyses of globin chain composition of these haemoglobins by chromatography and urea/starch gel electrophoresis as well as TLC-fingerprinting and amino acid analyses of the individual globin chains showed that the haemoglobin switch was not associated with appearance of new globin chains but rather with disappearance of a number of embryonic chains. Moreover the relative proportion of the various chains changed at that time. From these findings we conclude that new haemoglobins arise from a recombination ('hybridization in vivo') of those globin chains which remain after the repression of a gene coding for embryonic chains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017018"}
{"pmid": "1017075", "title": "Isolation of an acute hypotensive substance from bovine brain lipid fraction.", "content": "Isolation of an acute hypotensive substance from bovine brain lipid fraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017075"}
{"pmid": "1017076", "title": "Azabicycloalkanes as analgetics. IV. 4-Phenyl-2-azabicyclo[2,2,1]heptanes.", "content": "Azabicycloalkanes as analgetics. IV. 4-Phenyl-2-azabicyclo[2,2,1]heptanes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017076"}
{"pmid": "1017077", "title": "The structures of toxic metabolites of Aspergillus candidus. II. The compound B (xanthoascin), a hepato- and cardio-toxic xanthocillin analog.", "content": "The structures of toxic metabolites of Aspergillus candidus. II. The compound B (xanthoascin), a hepato- and cardio-toxic xanthocillin analog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017077"}
{"pmid": "1017078", "title": "A comparison of 19-iodocholesterol-131I with 6beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholest-5(10)-en-3beta-ol-131I as an adrenal-scanning agent.", "content": "A comparison of 19-iodocholesterol-131I with 6beta-iodomethyl-19-norcholest-5(10)-en-3beta-ol-131I as an adrenal-scanning agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017078"}
{"pmid": "1017079", "title": "Autoradiographic studies on the distribution of quaternary ammonium compounds. IV. Adsorption of bisonium ions to rat tissues as revealed by in vitro whole-body adsorption autoradiography.", "content": "Autoradiographic studies on the distribution of quaternary ammonium compounds. IV. Adsorption of bisonium ions to rat tissues as revealed by in vitro whole-body adsorption autoradiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017079"}
{"pmid": "1017080", "title": "Further investigations of the effect of riboflavine photolysates on the intestinal absorption of certain drugs in rats and their mechanisms of action.", "content": "Further investigations of the effect of riboflavine photolysates on the intestinal absorption of certain drugs in rats and their mechanisms of action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017080"}
{"pmid": "1017081", "title": "Fluorometric determination of cephalexin in urine.", "content": "Fluorometric determination of cephalexin in urine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017081"}
{"pmid": "1017082", "title": "Constituents from seeds of Alpinia galanga Wild, and their anti-ulcer activities.", "content": "Constituents from seeds of Alpinia galanga Wild, and their anti-ulcer activities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017082"}
{"pmid": "1017083", "title": "Mechanism of the inhibitory effect of polysorbate 80 on intramuscular absorption of drugs.", "content": "Mechanism of the inhibitory effect of polysorbate 80 on intramuscular absorption of drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017083"}
{"pmid": "1017084", "title": "Purification and characterization of hypocalcemic protein from porcine parotid gland.", "content": "Purification and characterization of hypocalcemic protein from porcine parotid gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017084"}
{"pmid": "1017085", "title": "Effect of ginseng saponins on nuclear ribonucleic acid (RNA) metabolism. I. RNA synthesis in rats treated with ginsenosides.", "content": "Effect of ginseng saponins on nuclear ribonucleic acid (RNA) metabolism. I. RNA synthesis in rats treated with ginsenosides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017085"}
{"pmid": "1017086", "title": "Antitumor effect of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids.", "content": "Antitumor effect of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017086"}
{"pmid": "1017087", "title": "Biosynthesis of streptothricin antibiotics. II. Catabolite inhibition of glucose on racemomycin-A production.", "content": "Biosynthesis of streptothricin antibiotics. II. Catabolite inhibition of glucose on racemomycin-A production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017087"}
{"pmid": "1017088", "title": "Synthesis of 4-d1-testosterone and 4-d1-androstenedione.", "content": "Synthesis of 4-d1-testosterone and 4-d1-androstenedione.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017088"}
{"pmid": "1017089", "title": "Studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. DCLXXI. An alternative total synthesis of yohimbine.", "content": "Studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. DCLXXI. An alternative total synthesis of yohimbine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017089"}
{"pmid": "1017090", "title": "Intestinal absorption of drugs from solubilized systems of long-chain fatty acids in the rat.", "content": "Intestinal absorption of drugs from solubilized systems of long-chain fatty acids in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017090"}
{"pmid": "1017091", "title": "Quantitative analysis of the isomers of hydroxyphenylalanine by ion-exchange chromatography.", "content": "Quantitative analysis of the isomers of hydroxyphenylalanine by ion-exchange chromatography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017091"}
{"pmid": "1017092", "title": "Studies on prostaglandins. II. Synthesis of 4-alkoxymethyl-2-norbornen-5-one and its oxidation reaction with m-chloroperbenzoic acid.", "content": "Studies on prostaglandins. II. Synthesis of 4-alkoxymethyl-2-norbornen-5-one and its oxidation reaction with m-chloroperbenzoic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017092"}
{"pmid": "1017094", "title": "Studies on prostaglandins. I. The resolution of dl-(2-beta-benzyloxymethyl-3alpha-hydroxy-4-cyclopenten-1alpha-yl)acetic acid using L-arginine).", "content": "Studies on prostaglandins. I. The resolution of dl-(2-beta-benzyloxymethyl-3alpha-hydroxy-4-cyclopenten-1alpha-yl)acetic acid using L-arginine).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017094"}
{"pmid": "1017093", "title": "Studies on the syntheses of analgesics. XLI Optical resolution of (+/-)-N-cyclopropylmethyl-3-hydroxy-9-azamorphinan (studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. Part DCLXIX).", "content": "Studies on the syntheses of analgesics. XLI Optical resolution of (+/-)-N-cyclopropylmethyl-3-hydroxy-9-azamorphinan (studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. Part DCLXIX).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017093"}
{"pmid": "1017095", "title": "Mass fragmentographic determination of d- and l-chloropheniramine with aid of the stable isotope technique.", "content": "Mass fragmentographic determination of d- and l-chloropheniramine with aid of the stable isotope technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017095"}
{"pmid": "1017096", "title": "Antitumor polysaccharide fraction from the culture filtrate of Fomes fomentarius.", "content": "Antitumor polysaccharide fraction from the culture filtrate of Fomes fomentarius.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017096"}
{"pmid": "1017097", "title": "Dissolution of slightly soluble drugs. II. Effect of particle size on dissolution behavior in sodium lauryl sulfate solutions.", "content": "Dissolution of slightly soluble drugs. II. Effect of particle size on dissolution behavior in sodium lauryl sulfate solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017097"}
{"pmid": "1017098", "title": "The particle size evaluation of parenteral suspensions of chloramphenicol and correlation of particle size to plasma levels.", "content": "The particle size evaluation of parenteral suspensions of chloramphenicol and correlation of particle size to plasma levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017098"}
{"pmid": "1017099", "title": "Studies on microcapsules. XIX. Effect of phospholipid treatment on cation uptake by carboxylated polyphthalamide microcapsules.", "content": "Studies on microcapsules. XIX. Effect of phospholipid treatment on cation uptake by carboxylated polyphthalamide microcapsules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017099"}
{"pmid": "1017100", "title": "Synthesis of aristeromycin analogs.", "content": "Synthesis of aristeromycin analogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017100"}
{"pmid": "1017101", "title": "Synthesis of 7 alpha-methoxy-7-[2-(substituted thio)acetamido]cephalosporin derivatives and their antibacterial activities.", "content": "Synthesis of 7 alpha-methoxy-7-[2-(substituted thio)acetamido]cephalosporin derivatives and their antibacterial activities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017101"}
{"pmid": "1017102", "title": "Determination of aldolase activity in serum.", "content": "Determination of aldolase activity in serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017102"}
{"pmid": "1017103", "title": "Studies on benzoheterocyclic derivatives. XVI. Synthesis and analgesic action of benzofuran derivatives.", "content": "Studies on benzoheterocyclic derivatives. XVI. Synthesis and analgesic action of benzofuran derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017103"}
{"pmid": "1017104", "title": "Effects of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-acetamidoxime on central monoamine neurons in the rat.", "content": "Effects of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-acetamidoxime on central monoamine neurons in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017104"}
{"pmid": "1017105", "title": "Phosphorus in organic synthesis. XII. Amino acids and peptides. XXII. Reaction of penicillin sulfoxides with diethyl phosphorocyanidate (DEPC).", "content": "Phosphorus in organic synthesis. XII. Amino acids and peptides. XXII. Reaction of penicillin sulfoxides with diethyl phosphorocyanidate (DEPC).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017105"}
{"pmid": "1017106", "title": "Physical properties of pyrimidine and purine antimetabolites. II. Permeation of 5-fluorouracil and 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil through cellophane, collagen, and silicone membranes.", "content": "Physical properties of pyrimidine and purine antimetabolites. II. Permeation of 5-fluorouracil and 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil through cellophane, collagen, and silicone membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017106"}
{"pmid": "1017107", "title": "Analysis of the correlation between collagen and desoxyribonucleic acid syntheses under the influence of hydroxyurea in the inflammatory connective tissue.", "content": "Analysis of the correlation between collagen and desoxyribonucleic acid syntheses under the influence of hydroxyurea in the inflammatory connective tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017107"}
{"pmid": "1017108", "title": "Studies on drug metabolism by use of isotopes. XVII. Mass spectrometric quantification of urinary metabolites of deuterated l-ephedrine in man.", "content": "Studies on drug metabolism by use of isotopes. XVII. Mass spectrometric quantification of urinary metabolites of deuterated l-ephedrine in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017108"}
{"pmid": "1017109", "title": "Molecular weight determination and the secondary structure of the hypocalcemic protein purified from bovine parotid gland.", "content": "Molecular weight determination and the secondary structure of the hypocalcemic protein purified from bovine parotid gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017109"}
{"pmid": "1017110", "title": "Molecular orbital index-activity relationship between atrial antiarrhythmic activity and disopyramide derivatives.", "content": "Molecular orbital index-activity relationship between atrial antiarrhythmic activity and disopyramide derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017110"}
{"pmid": "1017112", "title": "Transmucosal fluid movement and intestinal drug absorption in alloxan diabetic rats.", "content": "Transmucosal fluid movement and intestinal drug absorption in alloxan diabetic rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017112"}
{"pmid": "1017111", "title": "Stimulation of serum protein synthesis in ginsenoside treated rat.", "content": "Stimulation of serum protein synthesis in ginsenoside treated rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017111"}
{"pmid": "1017113", "title": "Metabolism of budralazine, a new antihypertensive agent. I. Identification of the metabolites of budralazine in rats.", "content": "Metabolism of budralazine, a new antihypertensive agent. I. Identification of the metabolites of budralazine in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017113"}
{"pmid": "1017114", "title": "Anticoccidials. I. Syntheses and anticoccidial activity of 2-amino-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, 5-alkoxy-3-aryl-1H-1,2,4-triazoles, and 3-aryl-delta2-1,2,4-triazolin-5-ones.", "content": "Anticoccidials. I. Syntheses and anticoccidial activity of 2-amino-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, 5-alkoxy-3-aryl-1H-1,2,4-triazoles, and 3-aryl-delta2-1,2,4-triazolin-5-ones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017114"}
{"pmid": "1017115", "title": "Multiple forms of rat kidney mutarotase.", "content": "Multiple forms of rat kidney mutarotase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017115"}
{"pmid": "1017116", "title": "Vespakinin-M, a novel bradykinin analogue containing hydroxyproline, in the venom of Vespa mandarinia Smith.", "content": "Vespakinin-M, a novel bradykinin analogue containing hydroxyproline, in the venom of Vespa mandarinia Smith.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017116"}
{"pmid": "1017117", "title": "Fluorophotometric assay of proteins using hypochlorite-thiamine reagent.", "content": "Fluorophotometric assay of proteins using hypochlorite-thiamine reagent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017117"}
{"pmid": "1017154", "title": "Pharmacokinetics and effects of propranolol in terminal uraemic patients and in patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics and effects of propranolol in terminal uraemic patients and in patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment. Propranolol blood and plasma levels were measured after a single oral dose of 40 mg in patients with chronic renal failure, in patients undergoing regular dialysis treatment, and in healthy volunteers. Peak levels were observed in all cases within 1.5 to 3 hours. However, peak blood and plasma concentrations of propranolol in the chronic renal failure group were 2- to 3-fold higher (161 +/- 41 ng/ml) than those observed in the dialysis patients (47 +/- 9 ng/ml) and in the healthy volunteers (26 +/- 1 ng/ml). The apparent plasma clearance was also significantly reduced in the patients with chronic renal failure. The data suggest a reduced hepatic extraction in chronic renal failure patients. A significant increase in the fraction of the dose available to the systemic circulation was also found, together with a modification of apparent plasma half-life and volume of distribution in regular dialysis patients during the dialysis day as compared with the after-dialysis day. No extraction of propranolol by the dialyzer was noticed. Marked fluctuations in propranolol blood concentrations were also observed in patients on regular dialysis following continuous propranolol treatment. The suppressive effect of propranolol on plasma renin activity did not fully correlate with the hypotensive effect of the drug. On the basis of the reported data, propranolol should be used with great caution and at low doses in chronic renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017154"}
{"pmid": "1017153", "title": "Clinical pharmacokinetics in infants and children.", "content": "Clinical pharmacokinetics in infants and children. Wide variations in drug dose recommendations for children of the same or different ages reflect the inadequacy of data on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in children. Selected aspects of available literature on pharmacokinetics of drugs used in older infants and children has been reviewed with special attention to calculation of an age-appropriate dose. During the neonatal period and early infancy the elimination of many drugs that are excreted in the urine in unchanged form is restricted by the immaturity of glomerular filtration and renal tubular secretion. On the other hand, in late infancy and/or in childhood, a similar or greater rate of elimination from plasma than in adults has been observed for many drugs, notably digoxin, phenobarbitone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, ethosuximide, diazoxide, clindamycin and propoxyphene. Consistent with this, it has been shown that some drugs exhibit a lower plasma level/dose ratio in infancy and early childhood as compared with the adult. This is true for phenobarbitone, phenytoin and ethosuximide. Some age groups of children remain uninvestigated with regard to pharmacokinetics, even for the drugs reviewed. Therefore, pediatric therapy remains empirically based for many drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017153"}
{"pmid": "1017177", "title": "Photoepicutaneous testing with the chamber method.", "content": "Photoepicutaneous testing with the chamber method. The chamber test, so far successfully applied to epicutaneous testing, proved to be suitable for photoepicutaneous testing as well. A simple and reliable method was developed by dividing the test areas (after removing the tests from the skin) into two equal parts, one for ultraviolet irradiation and the other for dark control. Variations in the amounts of the test substances had a slight influence on the size but not on the strength of the reactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017177"}
{"pmid": "1017179", "title": "Scindapsus dermatitis.", "content": "Scindapsus dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017179"}
{"pmid": "1017178", "title": "Allergic contact dermatitis from propellants in deodorant sprays in combination with allergy to ethyl chloride.", "content": "Allergic contact dermatitis from propellants in deodorant sprays in combination with allergy to ethyl chloride. Allergic contact eczema from the use of deodorant sprays is sometimes caused by sensitization to the propellants. Positive reactions were seen in three patients when patch testing to Freon 11 (trichloromonofluoromethane). One patient also reacted to Freon 12 (dichlorofluoromethane). Another patient had an eczematous eruption after ethyl chloride was sprayed on the skin prior to taking biopsy. The two other patients showed strongly positive patch tests with this compound. Further investigations of the sensitizing capacity propellants with chemical resemblance have to be carried out to solve the problem of cross-sensitization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017178"}
{"pmid": "1017180", "title": "Rejection of metal to metal prosthesis and skin sensitivity to cobalt.", "content": "Rejection of metal to metal prosthesis and skin sensitivity to cobalt. Metal to metal prostheses give satisfactory results in 90% of patients. About half of the failure rate may be due to allergic reaction to the metals involved, particularly cobalt. A total of 35 patients in this unsatisfactory group have been patch-tested; 16 were positive to metals, 13 to cobalt, 4 to nickel, and 2 to chromate. Only two patients showed any skin lesions - one a localized dermatitis round the knee joint from nickel sensitivity, and one to cobalt who had a widespread scattered circular erythematous lesion suggestive of a generalized allergic vasculitis. Patients requiring a metal/metal prosthesis should have a careful history taken for metal sensitivity and be patch-tested with the metals. All the patients in this investigation had metal/metal prostheses and no reaction was seen after metal/high density polyethylene implants. Titanium 318 may be a satisfactory substitute for cobalt chrome alloy if reactions are encountered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017180"}
{"pmid": "1017181", "title": "Phytophotodermatitis from Heracleum mantegazzianum.", "content": "Phytophotodermatitis from Heracleum mantegazzianum. Five individuals developed striate bullous dermatitis two days after exposure on a clear day to Heracleum mantegazzianum, Umbelliferae (Parsnip) family. Photopatch testing confirmed phototoxicity from the plant. This and 28 other Heracleum species yield linear furanocoumarins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017181"}
{"pmid": "1017182", "title": "Cement burns.", "content": "Cement burns. Four cases are presented of men who sustained burns after contact with premixed concrete. The pathogenesis of the condition is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017182"}
{"pmid": "1017186", "title": "Squaric-acid-diethylester - a strong sensitizer.", "content": "Squaric-acid-diethylester - a strong sensitizer. A patient developed a circumscribed contact dermatitis after a single contact with squaric-acid-diethylester (SADE). Patch tests with low concentrations of SADE were positive. Based on these observations, experimental studies on the sensitizing capacity of SADE were performed on guinea-pigs. The results disclosed that this compound is a strong sensitizer. Derivatives of SADE, such as the nearly insoluble squaric acid, squaric acid-1,2-diamide and dithio-N,N'-dicyclohexyle-1,2-diamide were not able to produce allergic skin reactions in the sensitized patient nor in guinea pigs. The chemistry and the range of uses of squaric acid and its derivatives are briefly mentioned. A hypothesis on the molecular mechanism of conjugation of SADE to human proteins and thereby on sensitization is discussed. A warning is given for taking precautionary measures before handling this substance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017186"}
{"pmid": "1017183", "title": "Sensitization to propantheline bromide, trichlorocarbanilide and propylene glycol in an antiperspirant.", "content": "Sensitization to propantheline bromide, trichlorocarbanilide and propylene glycol in an antiperspirant. Out of 14 patients with axillary dermatitis due to an antiperspirant, and with positive patch test reactions to the product, the sensitizer could be demonstrated in 12. Of these, 11 were positive to propantheline bromide, 3 to trichlorocarbanilide and one to propylene glycol. The antiperspirant contains 90% propylene glycol, which is an irritant under occlusion. When applied in the axillae, where occlusive conditions usually prevail, an irritant effect of propylene glycol may have promoted sensitization to the ingredients of the antiperspirant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017183"}
{"pmid": "1017185", "title": "Results of routine office patch testing.", "content": "Results of routine office patch testing. The results of patch testing over the past 18 months in a general dermatology clinic are presented and compared with the data recently reported by the North American Contact Dermatitis Group. Good correlation exists between the results of the two studies for all the reported allergens except nickel sulfate and potassium dichromate. The increased incidence of sensitivity to these allergens reported in our series probably reflects the tendency for all metal related contact dermatitis to be referred to our clinic, even though recognized as such by the referring physician. The 16.8% reactivity to a dye mix used in our screening kit, and not reported by others, proved most interesting. In the light of continuing reports of dye related allergic contact dermatitis, our experience prompts us to suggest that a dye mix of some sort should be evaluated in future large-scale studies of patch test screening kits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017185"}
{"pmid": "1017184", "title": "Contact hypersensitivity to sesquiterpene lactones in Chyrsanthemum dermatitis.", "content": "Contact hypersensitivity to sesquiterpene lactones in Chyrsanthemum dermatitis. In six persons with contact allergy to chrysanthemum of florists, patch tests were performed with 25 sequiterpene lactones. Positive responses were observed to 15 lactones. The most frequently encountered positive responses were to alantolactone (positive in all cases) and to arbusculin A, 8-deoxycumambrin, ambrosin, damsin and psilostachynin. The findings corroborate the assumption that an alpha-methylene group attached to the gamma-lactone ring is an essential prerequisite for allergenic activity of sesquiterpene lactones. Pyrethrum produced a positive reaction in one of the patients, pyrethrins gave negative reactions in all. Some of the chrysanthemum patients were also hypersensitive to turpentine and colophony and to garlic, primin and tars.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017184"}
{"pmid": "1017188", "title": "Computer-derived exposure lights for common contact dermatitis antigens.", "content": "Computer-derived exposure lights for common contact dermatitis antigens. An established computer file was searched for lists of products containing 45 antigens recognized as causes of allergic contact dermatitis. The final lists included over 8000 products. The problem, ptoential and limitations of such lists are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017188"}
{"pmid": "1017189", "title": "Histological differences between irritant and allergic patch test reactions in man.", "content": "Histological differences between irritant and allergic patch test reactions in man. The results of a study of the histological aspects of the application of DNCB on the skin of unsensitized and sensitized persons are discussed. The nature of the histological changes in primary irritant and allergic reactions to DNCB in human skin appeared to be identical. The differences appeared to be primarily of a quantitative character. It is furthermore concluded from data in the literature that the skin of some persons may react with a primary irritant reaction to concentrations of a compound thought to cause only allergic reactions. In these persons histological examination of the patch test result may give insufficient clues as to the nature of the reaction. The practical consequences of the data presented are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017189"}
{"pmid": "1017191", "title": "Phototoxicity of methoxsalen in various vehicles.", "content": "Phototoxicity of methoxsalen in various vehicles. Methoxsalen (8-methoxypsoralen) was used as the photoxic substance in the study of the properties of various vehicles in photoepicutaneous testing. Macrogols as such were relatively poor bases, and positive reactions were seen only occasionally at a concentration of 0.05% methoxsalen. Increasing amounts of water in macrogols brought forth more numerous and stronger reactions. The photoxicity also increased when ethanol was added. The reactions were, however, weaker than to those with aqueous bases. Wool fat and glycerol as vehicles usually reacted in the same way as polyethylene glycols when water was added. An explanation of the mechanism of the changes in the properties of vehicles due to the addition of water/ethanol requires further investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017191"}
{"pmid": "1017190", "title": "The development of metal hypersensitivity in patients with metal-to-plastic hip arthroplasties.", "content": "The development of metal hypersensitivity in patients with metal-to-plastic hip arthroplasties. Sixty-six patients who had to undergo total hip replacement by means of a metal-to-plastic Stanmore prosthesis, were patch-tested prior to and 6 to 12 months after surgery with the standard ICDRG all allergens series and with acrylic monomer 5% in acetone. In 62 patients the history of metal allergy as well as the patch tests to all tested allergens were negative. One patient with a history of metal allergy reacted negatively before surgery; about 6 months after surgery the patch test to nickel sulphate was positive (2 plus). Three other patients developed positive patch test reaction after surgery: two reacted positively to nickel sulphate (2 plus) and one to cobalt chloride (2 plus). In none of the 66 patients have local side effects of the prostheses been found to date.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017190"}
{"pmid": "1017187", "title": "Allergic contact dermatitis to a salicyclic acid plaster.", "content": "Allergic contact dermatitis to a salicyclic acid plaster. We report two patients who developed allergic eczematous contact dermatitis to a salacid plaster used to treat plantar warts. Both patients were subsequently shown to be allergic to dehydroabietic acid, a resin contained in the plaster.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017187"}
{"pmid": "1017195", "title": "Routine patch testing with Irgasan DP 300.", "content": "Routine patch testing with Irgasan DP 300.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017195"}
{"pmid": "1017192", "title": "Incidence of neomycin and framycetin sensitivity.", "content": "Incidence of neomycin and framycetin sensitivity. A total of 450 consecutive patients were patch-tested to both neomycin and framycetin (20% in petrolatum). Thirteen patients were sensitive to both preparations, 10 to neomycin alone and four to framycetin alone. The significance of these results is discussed, with particular reference to the constituents of the preparations and the allergenic groups involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017192"}
{"pmid": "1017193", "title": "Validity of patch test results.", "content": "Validity of patch test results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017193"}
{"pmid": "1017194", "title": "Contact hypersensitivity to glycerol.", "content": "Contact hypersensitivity to glycerol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017194"}
{"pmid": "1017196", "title": "Allergy to balsam of Peru and wood tars: an increasing problem?", "content": "Allergy to balsam of Peru and wood tars: an increasing problem?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017196"}
{"pmid": "1017197", "title": "Colophony collar dermatitis.", "content": "Colophony collar dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017197"}
{"pmid": "1017198", "title": "Preoperative cervical dilatation by oral PGE2.", "content": "Preoperative cervical dilatation by oral PGE2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017198"}
{"pmid": "1017200", "title": "Evaluation of 15(S) 15-methyl-PGF 2 alpha-methyl ester vaginal suppositories for cervical dilatation and second trimester pregnancy termination.", "content": "Evaluation of 15(S) 15-methyl-PGF 2 alpha-methyl ester vaginal suppositories for cervical dilatation and second trimester pregnancy termination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017200"}
{"pmid": "1017199", "title": "A statistical study of the copper T and copper 7 intrauterine devices.", "content": "A statistical study of the copper T and copper 7 intrauterine devices. The performance of the Copper T and Copper 7 IUDs over a 3-year period was assessed. A total of 581 women received the Copper T and 297 received the Copper 7. Net cumulative event rates were determined at 12, 24, and 36 months/100 women. Both  groups were similar with respect to age and parity. Net cumulative pregnancy rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were .3, 1.2, and 1.7 for the Copper T device and 1.3, 3.4, and 3.9 for the Copper 7. Expulsion rates for the Copper 7 IUD were higher  than those for the Copper T. However, the frequency of removals for bleeding/pain was greater for the Copper T.  The incidence of infection was similar for both devices. After 3 years of use, the net cumulative relevant termination rates were not significantly (p less than .05) different between the devices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017199"}
{"pmid": "1017201", "title": "Intravaginal contraception with the synthetic progestin, R2323.", "content": "Intravaginal contraception with the synthetic progestin, R2323. A Silastic intravaginal ring (IVR) containing R2323 (17 alpha-ethinyl-17 beta-hydroxy-18-methyl-4,9,11-estrien-3-one) in its center core was tested in vitro and in 4 women for 1 cycle each. Initially 330 mg of drug was released/day from the  IVR in vitro, and after 150 days the value had declined to about 230 mg. Ovulation was inhibited in the 4 subjects due to the constant release of R2323 as evidenced by the steroid blood levels of 1-3 ng/ml. When the IVR was removed, R2323  blood levels quickly fell to zero. All the women had normal withdrawal bleeding, and 2 subjects followed during a recovery cycle had ovulatory levels of progesterone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017201"}
{"pmid": "1017202", "title": "Comparative study of the estrogenic effect of ethinylestradiol and mestranol on the endometrium.", "content": "Comparative study of the estrogenic effect of ethinylestradiol and mestranol on the endometrium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017202"}
{"pmid": "1017203", "title": "A study of four antigon models and factors in the use-effectiveness of the IUD.", "content": "A study of four antigon models and factors in the use-effectiveness of the IUD.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017203"}
{"pmid": "1017204", "title": "The place of irradiation in the treatment of malignant tumors of the salivary glands.", "content": "The place of irradiation in the treatment of malignant tumors of the salivary glands. 1. Radiation therapy is not indicated after surgical removal with adequate margins of low-grade tumor. 2. Radiation therapy is indicated with a) Inadequate surgical margins in low-grade tumors b) All high-grade tumors c) All recurrent malignant tumors 3. Irradiation of nerve pathways is indicated with demonstrated nerve and perineural invasion and/or with adenoicystic carcinoma. 4. Irradiation of the entire ipsilateral neck is indicated a) Wtih high-grade tumors unless radical neck dissection shows negative nodes b) In the place of radical neck dissection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017204"}
{"pmid": "1017207", "title": "Combined irradiation and surgery for rectal and sigmoid carcinoma.", "content": "Combined irradiation and surgery for rectal and sigmoid carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017207"}
{"pmid": "1017206", "title": "Soft tissue sarcomas.", "content": "Soft tissue sarcomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017206"}
{"pmid": "1017205", "title": "Radiation therapy in the management of carcinoma of the prostate.", "content": "Radiation therapy in the management of carcinoma of the prostate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017205"}
{"pmid": "1017212", "title": "When can a baby make antibody?", "content": "When can a baby make antibody?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017212"}
{"pmid": "1017211", "title": "Therapeutic instruction.", "content": "Therapeutic instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017211"}
{"pmid": "1017209", "title": "Innocent vs significant murmurs.", "content": "Innocent vs significant murmurs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017209"}
{"pmid": "1017213", "title": "Semi-permanent hair color.", "content": "Semi-permanent hair color.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017213"}
{"pmid": "1017217", "title": "Observations on a lactate-containing emollient cream.", "content": "Observations on a lactate-containing emollient cream.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017217"}
{"pmid": "1017215", "title": "Cutaneous bilharzial granulomas: a histopathologic study.", "content": "Cutaneous bilharzial granulomas: a histopathologic study. Histopathological studies were done on seven cutaneous lesions; all but two were clinically diagnosed as cutaneous bilharzial granulomas. Epidermal, dermal, vascular, sweat and sebaceous gland changes were demonstrated. The purpose of this paper is to present the pathogenesis of these granulomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017215"}
{"pmid": "1017214", "title": "The \"vanilla fudge\" cyst.", "content": "The \"vanilla fudge\" cyst. A white cyst, partially covered by jet black splotches and streaks, had a surface appearance of vanilla fudge ice cream. Histologically, the cyst was lined with two distinctly different types of follicular epithelium--one identical to that of the infundibulum and the other to that of the matrix. The black pigment was melanin, produced by numerous dendritic melanocytes that were situated only in the region of the epithelium-resembling matrix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017214"}
{"pmid": "1017216", "title": "Update: seabather's eruption and swimmer's itch.", "content": "Update: seabather's eruption and swimmer's itch. Swimmer's itch and seabather's eruption, while similar in morphology, differ in important aspects. Seabather's eruption occurs chiefly in salt water and involves covered parts of the body. Swimmer's itch occurs chiefly in fresh water and involves uncovered parts. The cause of swimmer's itch is definitely known to be schistosome cercariae, while the cause of seabather's eruption is for the most part unknown. Algae, coelenterates and schistosomes as well as other organisms found in seawater have been suggested. Control of swimmer's itch is best accomplished by decreasing the snail population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017216"}
{"pmid": "1017218", "title": "Cutaneous Hodgkin's disease.", "content": "Cutaneous Hodgkin's disease. A case of specific cutaneous Hodgkin's disease, which is sparsely mentioned in the literature, is reported. The lesion was nodulo-ulcerative and corresponded to the Grosz-Hirschfield type. It was confirmed by biopsy and the pattern was similar to that of an excised supraclavicular node examined two years previously. The lesion responded to treatment with gentamicin topically, clindamycin orally and 500 r of cauterizing X-ray. There has been no recurrence to date and no other new cutaneous lesions. This report further confirms what Ferdinand von Hebra implied one hundred years ago--that a dermatologist should not only know skin diseases but also the cutaneous manifestations of visceral diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017218"}
{"pmid": "1017219", "title": "Scalp psoriasis: improved treatment with a shampoo machine.", "content": "Scalp psoriasis: improved treatment with a shampoo machine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017219"}
{"pmid": "1017220", "title": "Trichloroacetic acid peeling.", "content": "Trichloroacetic acid peeling. Trichloroacetic acid peeling refers to a system whereby a corrosive chemical is applied to the skin. The resultant good effect is due to epidermal regeneration, as well as the regenerating of new collagen in the dermis. The technique of deep chemical peeling in treatment of actinic degeneration and acne scarring is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017220"}
{"pmid": "1017222", "title": "Infantile asthma.", "content": "Infantile asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017222"}
{"pmid": "1017223", "title": "Laser surgery in cosmetic dermatology.", "content": "Laser surgery in cosmetic dermatology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017223"}
{"pmid": "1017224", "title": "Cutaneous manifestations of hypothyroidism including purpura and ecchymoses.", "content": "Cutaneous manifestations of hypothyroidism including purpura and ecchymoses. Hypothyroidism has distinctive cutaneous manifestations which may be diagnostic. Biopsy and histologic study of the skin may provide a simple and useful tool for diagnosing hypothyroidism. Purpura and ecchymoses, although not often mentioned among cutaneous manifestations of hypothyroidism, occurred in nine of 222 hypothyroid patients at Ochsner Clinic between 1958 and 1972.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017224"}
{"pmid": "1017221", "title": "Reactions to antioxidants in cosmetics and foods.", "content": "Reactions to antioxidants in cosmetics and foods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017221"}
{"pmid": "1017225", "title": "Herpes zoster: a cause of acute detrusor muscle paralysis.", "content": "Herpes zoster: a cause of acute detrusor muscle paralysis. The essence of this report is to apprise the dermatologist of this fascinating but unusual complication of herpes zoster and to underscore the help he may give in establishing the diagnosis along with assisting in the management of this disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017225"}
{"pmid": "1017227", "title": "Coexistence of discoid lupus erythematosus and porphyria cutanea tarda.", "content": "Coexistence of discoid lupus erythematosus and porphyria cutanea tarda. A case of coexistent porphyria cutanea tarda and discoid lupus erythematosus is presented. Abnormal urinary porphyrins, the presence of liver fluorescence, chronic alcoholism, fatty metamorphosis of the liver and histologically typical LE with the demonstration of basement membrane fluorescence were present in the patient. Awareness of the possible coexistence of these two conditions is of practical significance for the practicing dermatologist. The nature of the relationship between these conditions remains obscure. Is it coincidental or does it represent a common pathophysiological mechanism? Further work on this unique pair of diseases seems indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017227"}
{"pmid": "1017228", "title": "Acute neutrophilic dermatosis.", "content": "Acute neutrophilic dermatosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017228"}
{"pmid": "1017226", "title": "Photoallergy induced by quinidine.", "content": "Photoallergy induced by quinidine. An 82-year-old woman presented with a lichenified dermatitis over light-exposed areas. The eruption cleared upon withdrawal of quinidine and recurred on re-administration of the drug. Though quinidine has not been recognized as a photo-sensitizing agent, upon review of the literature we have uncovered other cases which meet the criteria and justify including this drug among those capable of causing such reactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017226"}
{"pmid": "1017230", "title": "Wrinkles.", "content": "Wrinkles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017230"}
{"pmid": "1017229", "title": "Porphyria precipitated by hydroxychloroquine treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Porphyria precipitated by hydroxychloroquine treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. This case report emphasizes the fact that patients presenting with photosensitivity could have lupus erythematosus or porphyria or both; and since the therapy for one may aggravate the other, extreme caution is indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017229"}
{"pmid": "1017232", "title": "Radiotherapy of skin cancer: modern indications and techniques.", "content": "Radiotherapy of skin cancer: modern indications and techniques. Skin cancer is the most frequent indication for radiation therapy in dermatology. X-ray treatments are particularly valuable in cutaneous neoplasms in special anatomical locations. Advantages and disadvantages of dermatologic radiation therapy are outlined, and modern indications, radiation methods and the selection of physical radiation factors are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017232"}
{"pmid": "1017231", "title": "Allergic conjunctivitis.", "content": "Allergic conjunctivitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017231"}
{"pmid": "1017233", "title": "Geographic lip: a variant of geopgraphic tongue.", "content": "Geographic lip: a variant of geopgraphic tongue. The following aspects of the classic geographic tongue are discussed: clinical polymorphism with the appearance of annulus migrans, histological appearacne of the spongiform pustule, frequent association with pustular psoriasis and related diseases, and its relationship to psoriasis buccalis. Two cases of geographic lip are described in which annulus migrans was present. In one case, the geographic lip was associated with a plicated lip, a labial form of plicated tongue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017233"}
{"pmid": "1017234", "title": "Lichen spinulosus: response to therapy.", "content": "Lichen spinulosus: response to therapy. Two cases of lichen spinulosus and the response to therapy with Keralyt under occlusion are presented. It is evident that Keralyt under occlusion for two consecutive weeks will clear these lesions. However, twice weekly application of Keralyt must be used in order to keep these areas free of lesions. An undesirable side effect in the two patients presented was a burning, stinging sensation immediately following application of Keralyt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017234"}
{"pmid": "1017237", "title": "Tinea pedis in children.", "content": "Tinea pedis in children. Many children have dermatoses involving the feet. Such problems are often misdiagnosed as tinea pedis, which is relatively uncommon in this age group. On the other hand, tinea pedis should not be ignored as a diagnostic possibility just because of its infrequent occurrence. Six cases are reported to demonstrate that this diagnosis will be missed if appropriate laboratory studies are not done as a part of the evaluation of these dermatoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017237"}
{"pmid": "1017236", "title": "Accidental vaccinia of the vulva.", "content": "Accidental vaccinia of the vulva. Vaccinia of the vulva in a 32-year-old married woman is described. The vaccination was apparently due to a heteroinoculation from her husband during sexual contact. Clinically it presented as an indurated ulcer with a few isolated umbilicated vesicles and was associated with an acute biological false-positive serological reactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017236"}
{"pmid": "1017239", "title": "An introduction to dynamic dermatology for residents and fellows starting dermatology training.", "content": "An introduction to dynamic dermatology for residents and fellows starting dermatology training.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017239"}
{"pmid": "1017240", "title": "Axillary and inguinal striae induced by systemic absorption of a topical corticosteroid.", "content": "Axillary and inguinal striae induced by systemic absorption of a topical corticosteroid. A 21-year-old woman developed huge atrophic striae in the axillary and inguinal areas from the topical application, with occlusion, of potent corticosteroid preparation applied to the axillary or inguinal areas. It is postulated that the mechanism is systemic absorption of enough medication to produce a state of hyperadrenalism with subsequent striae formation as a sequela.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017240"}
{"pmid": "1017235", "title": "Common warts: immunity as a result of therapy.", "content": "Common warts: immunity as a result of therapy. Warts that don't regress frequently have wart cell specific immune globulin M(IgM), but no wart virus specific Immune Globulin M (IgM) in the circulatory system. Warts that regress spontaneously have multiple circulating antibodies-wart cell specific IgM, IgG, and IgA. When the antibodies of IgG class appear in the circulation, the warts will commonly disappear. Topical application of cell toxic, irritant materials will elicit discernible amounts of virus specific IgM and IgG. Those B Cells which produce IgG have a \"computer bank memory\" and IgG should be recalled if wart virus antigen reappears as a result of reinfection. Therefore, persistent, consistent, topical application of irritant modalities to warts that will cause them to regress and disappear, should confer immunity on the individual through the production of wart virus specific IgG. Over a seven-year span 150 cases of wart were cleared in our office by an irritant method. In that group of cases there were eight recurrences. Two cases cleared spontaneously within two weeks, and four cleared with an acute inflammatory response within a few days of reirritation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017235"}
{"pmid": "1017208", "title": "The systolic click-murmur syndrome: clinical recognition and management.", "content": "The systolic click-murmur syndrome: clinical recognition and management. The midsystolic click-late systolic murmur syndrome is a complex entity with variable manifestations that involves a primary process causing myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve leaflet(s) and subsequent systolic mitral valve leaflet prolapse. Other cardiac diseases may cause mitral valve prolapse and regurgitation associated with a midsystolic click that mimics this primary syndrome. The prolapsing mitral valve leaflet(s) syndrome occasionally may be familial. Most patients are asymptomatic but some complain of chest pain, palpitation, dyspnea or fatigue. Prolapsing mitral valve leaflet(s) can be distinguished from other causes of systolic clicks and mitral regurgitation murmurs by the characteristic movement of the clikmurmur complex in systole with various hemodynamic interventions. The clinical diagnosis usually can be confirmed by echocardiography, which demonstrates the abnormally prolapsdrome usually is minimal but can be progressive and lead to the need for prosthetic valve replacement. Most symptomatic patients can be managed medically but some require cardiac catheterization to evaluate the possibility of coexistent coronary artery disease, to assess the degree of mitral regurgitation and to evaluate other associated cardiac lesions. All patients with this syndrome should receive antibiotic prophylaxis prior to any surgical or dental procedures. Those patients suspected of having arrhythmias should be evaluated by continuous ambulatory ECG monitoring and dangerous arrhythmias probably should be treated. The prognosis usually is excellent, but sudden death and rapidly progressive mitral regurgitation due to ruptured chordae tendineae have been reported. Although more than a decade has elapsed since the midsystolic click-late systolic murmur syndrome was first recognized, much remains to be learned about this common but complex clinical entity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017208"}
{"pmid": "1017210", "title": "Choices for intravascular contrast agents.", "content": "Choices for intravascular contrast agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017210"}
{"pmid": "1017241", "title": "Lupus erythematosus exacerbated by griseofulvin.", "content": "Lupus erythematosus exacerbated by griseofulvin. Because griseofulvin is one of the safest systemic medications, its side effects are often forgotten. This paper serves as a reminder that griseofulvin can precipitate or exacerbate lupus erythematosus. Two patients are described: one had a photosensitivity reaction to griseofulvin which precipitated discoid LE skin lesions, without any previous evidence of LE. The other, who had known systemic LE, developed a systemic reaction, consisting of fever and malasise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017241"}
{"pmid": "1017238", "title": "Hormonal dependency in Darier disease.", "content": "Hormonal dependency in Darier disease. Variation in the severity of keratosis follicularis relative to states of homonal change was noted in eight women with the disease. Observations included frequent onset near puberty, puberty, exacerbation during menses, and improvement while patients are pregnant or on oral contraceptive agents. It is proposed that states of relative estrogen excess are associated with quiescence of this skin disorder. In support of this hypothesis, three postpubertal women with Darier desease were observed to undergo significant improvement with the use of estrogen-dominant birth control pills. 8 women with keratosis follicularis (Darier disease) were studied.  The severity of the disorder varied in relation to changes in the subjects' hormonal status.  The condition often 1st manifested itself near the onset of puberty and continued without interruption for many years.  Menstruation aggravated the disorder.  Treatment of 3 patients with estrogen-dominant oral contraceptives markedly improved the condition.  The findings suggest that states of relative estrogen excess ameliorate keratosis follicularis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017238"}
{"pmid": "1017242", "title": "Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.", "content": "Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017242"}
{"pmid": "1017243", "title": "Supernumerary nipple on the shoulder.", "content": "Supernumerary nipple on the shoulder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017243"}
{"pmid": "1017244", "title": "Cryosurgery of skin cancer.", "content": "Cryosurgery of skin cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017244"}
{"pmid": "1017245", "title": "The razor blade as a biopsy tool.", "content": "The razor blade as a biopsy tool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017245"}
{"pmid": "1017246", "title": "Topical treatment for perioral dermatitis.", "content": "Topical treatment for perioral dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017246"}
{"pmid": "1017247", "title": "Cosmetic aspects of cryosurgery.", "content": "Cosmetic aspects of cryosurgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017247"}
{"pmid": "1017248", "title": "Making skin medicines attractive as well as effective.", "content": "Making skin medicines attractive as well as effective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017248"}
{"pmid": "1017249", "title": "Flaunting the FDA--a hazard.", "content": "Flaunting the FDA--a hazard.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017249"}
{"pmid": "1017251", "title": "Molluscum contagiosum.", "content": "Molluscum contagiosum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017251"}
{"pmid": "1017250", "title": "Oral lesions of gonorrhea and syphilis.", "content": "Oral lesions of gonorrhea and syphilis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017250"}
{"pmid": "1017255", "title": "The current status of gonococcal serology.", "content": "The current status of gonococcal serology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017255"}
{"pmid": "1017253", "title": "Lupus erythematosus and reactive tests for syphilis: update.", "content": "Lupus erythematosus and reactive tests for syphilis: update. Sera of patients with lupus erythematosus can produce false-positive reactions in most serologic tests for syphilis, including the FTA-ABS test. False-positive reactions in the FTA-ABS test can exhibit beaded, borderline or reactive patterns of fluorescence. Beaded fluorescence is commonly associated with anti-DNA antibody and other correlates of lupus activity. Borderline and reactive results are common in both systemic and discoid lupus erythematosus, and are usually not associated with increased clinical activity. TPI and MHA-TP tests appear helpful in detecting false-positive FTA-ABS results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017253"}
{"pmid": "1017252", "title": "Immunologic mechanisms of infectious syphilis.", "content": "Immunologic mechanisms of infectious syphilis. We believe that humoral and cellular immunity both are involved in the response of the host to infection with T. pallidum. A complex interaction between stimulation and suppression of cell-mediated immunity may be involved. This interaction may explain the unusual clinical course in which secondary syphilis waxes and wanes before culminating in immunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017252"}
{"pmid": "1017254", "title": "Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid in syphilis.", "content": "Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid in syphilis. In the diagnosis of neurosyphilis, a cerebrospinal fluid cell count or cerebrospinal fluid total protein are inconclusive by themselves, but together with a cerebrospinal fluid VDRL are of great diagnostic value. At present, the VDRL Slide Test on Spinal Fluid remains the serologic test of choice for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. The significance and specificity of treponemal tests on spinal fluid remain to be established. Like all other laboratory tests, cerebrospinal fluid findings may be variable and an absolute diagnosis of neurosyphilis should not be made on the result of any one laboratory test alone, but should be viewed in light of all laboratory evidence, including serum serologic tests, and clinical findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017254"}
{"pmid": "1017258", "title": "Syphilis in modern art.", "content": "Syphilis in modern art.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017258"}
{"pmid": "1017257", "title": "Pseudoanaphylactic reactions with procaine penicillin.", "content": "Pseudoanaphylactic reactions with procaine penicillin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017257"}
{"pmid": "1017256", "title": "Genital candidiasis: topical management with clotrimazole.", "content": "Genital candidiasis: topical management with clotrimazole. Clotrimazole was administered in the form of 100 mg tablets to patients with vaginal candidiasis, and in the form of a 1% solution to patients with cutaneous candidiasis of the genital and perigenital areas. The clinical and mycological response observed and the excellent tolerance and lack of side effects indicate that clotrimazole may be proposed as a treatment for candidiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017256"}
{"pmid": "1017260", "title": "Anesthesia and allergy.", "content": "Anesthesia and allergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017260"}
{"pmid": "1017261", "title": "Home hair care.", "content": "Home hair care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017261"}
{"pmid": "1017259", "title": "Cross-reactions between epoxy resin \"amine\" hardeners and ethylenediamine.", "content": "Cross-reactions between epoxy resin \"amine\" hardeners and ethylenediamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017259"}
{"pmid": "1017262", "title": "Allergic contact sensitivity. Personal experiences and observations.", "content": "Allergic contact sensitivity. Personal experiences and observations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017262"}
{"pmid": "1017263", "title": "Ethnic pigmentation: 1975.", "content": "Ethnic pigmentation: 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017263"}
{"pmid": "1017264", "title": "Familial malignant melanoma.", "content": "Familial malignant melanoma. Two sisters simultaneously developed a superficial spreading malignant melanoma on their legs. Concurrently, a brother was affected with fatal metastatic melanoma. Several explanations for familial malignant melanoma are reviewed, including: 1. Genetically determined predisposition; ,2 Phenotypic and environmental factors; and 3. Infectious etiology (virus?). Relatives of patients who develop malignant melanoma spould be aware that they have a higher risk than the general population of developing this serious type of cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017264"}
{"pmid": "1017267", "title": "Acanthosis nigricans and wart-like lesions associated with metastatic carcinoma of the stomach.", "content": "Acanthosis nigricans and wart-like lesions associated with metastatic carcinoma of the stomach. A 63-year-old white man developed malignant acanthosis nigricans one year after a hemigastrectomy for adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Multiple \"wart-like\" lesions involving the dorsa of the hands, arms and trunk were also present. The malignant acanthosis nigricans in the patient appears to have paralledled the course of the metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma. Discrete verrucous lesions can occur in malignant acanthosis nigricans which histopathologically may show either squamous or basal cell hyperplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017267"}
{"pmid": "1017265", "title": "Hidradenitis suppurativa occurring on the leg.", "content": "Hidradenitis suppurativa occurring on the leg. The case of a patient with a recurrent, painful ulceration on the lower leg, clinically and histologically resembling hidradenitis suppurativa, is presented. The fact that this site is devoid of apocrine glands supports the concept that apocrine involvement in hidradenitis suppurativa is coincidental and that these glands are involved secondarily. It is suggested that in this patient the pathogenesis of the disease is follicular occlusion rather than selective apocrine poral closure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017265"}
{"pmid": "1017268", "title": "Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans.", "content": "Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans. A 46-year-old Negro man with poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans is described. The disease progressed graduall.y for 22 years, with lesions appearing over the neck, trunk and extremities in an asymmetrical distribution, but it did not become lymphoma or collagen disease. Treatment did not appear to influence the course of the disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017268"}
{"pmid": "1017266", "title": "Photolocalized tinea facialis.", "content": "Photolocalized tinea facialis. The case of a 34-year-old white woman with tinea facialis that persisted for nine months prior to diagnosis is presented. The confluent plaquelike erythematous eruption of the face with eyelid lichenification that flared outdoors was thought to represent polymorphic light eruption and was refractory to antibiotics, corticosteroids (topical and systemic), and antimalarials. A KOH preparation was positive when the dermatosis spilled onto the mandibular region, and restaining of the initial skin biopsy revealed fungal hyphae. Complete resolution was accomplished with griseofulvin and MicTin. Tinea cab be added to the list of infectious agents that have a photosensitivity component. The fungus possibly \"photolocalizes\" to sun-damaged areas, ie, areas of increased capillary permeability. This case illustrates the importance of including tinea in considering diagnoses of sun-exposed lesions of the face.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017266"}
{"pmid": "1017269", "title": "Painful pigmented prosthesis pressure papules.", "content": "Painful pigmented prosthesis pressure papules. Two patients who presented with tender hyperkeratotic papules involving their weight-bear.ing amputation stumps were studied. Although these clinical findings are common in the experience of prosthetists, the author has been unable to find any documentation of these findings in the literature. All attempts at relining and reshaping the cups of the original offending prostheses by experienced prosthetists were unsuccessful. The eruption cleared only after entirely new prostheses were designed. It would appear that this condition is due to a poorly fitting prosthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017269"}
{"pmid": "1017270", "title": "Erythema chronicum migrans.", "content": "Erythema chronicum migrans. Erythema chronicum migrans is characterized by an expanding erythematous band about an arthropod bite. While rare, it is an important disease to recognize because of its rapid response to even modest doses of antibiotics. This response and the association with arthropod bites suggest a microbial vector. Richettsial titers have been demonstrated in several cases but we were unable to show them in our patient, who we believe is the second reported case of erythema chronicum migrans incurred by an American without traveling abroad.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017270"}
{"pmid": "1017271", "title": "Superficial and deep granulomatous lesions caused by Trichophyton violaceum.", "content": "Superficial and deep granulomatous lesions caused by Trichophyton violaceum. A patient with cutaneous and reticulo-endothelial lesions, lymphadenopathy and osteitis caused by Trichophyton violaceum is presented. Two types of skin lesions were found: 1. Erythematous, scaly plaques on the arms, chest and abdomen; 2. areas of diffuse infiltration, granulomatous ulceration, fistulation and destruction of the sternal bone. Long-term treatment with penicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and griseofulvin, gave temporary improvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017271"}
{"pmid": "1017272", "title": "Allergy: 1976.", "content": "Allergy: 1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017272"}
{"pmid": "1017274", "title": "Cosmetic dermatology: toward a common language.", "content": "Cosmetic dermatology: toward a common language.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017274"}
{"pmid": "1017273", "title": "Epoxy resin dermatitis.", "content": "Epoxy resin dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017273"}
{"pmid": "1017277", "title": "Treatment of asthma in adults.", "content": "Treatment of asthma in adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017277"}
{"pmid": "1017276", "title": "Allergic reactions to molds.", "content": "Allergic reactions to molds. Allergy to mold is common, and results from inhalation of mold spores or ingestion of mold related foods. Mold spores are complex, hardy organisms capable of eliciting diverse immune responses and illnesses which may be mild or severe. Diagnosis and treatment with mold antigens are outlined and environmental recommendations made. Mechanisms of reactions to treatment of mold allergy are postulated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017276"}
{"pmid": "1017275", "title": "Insect sting allergy.", "content": "Insect sting allergy. Allergy to insect stings may be quite serious, and occasionally lethal. Evaluation of these patients involves careful history taking. Skin testing for the stinging insects is helpful both for diagnosis and finding a beginning dose for hyposensitizing injections. According to many reports, these injections have been very effective in preventing subsequent severe reactions to insect stings. Prompt emergency treatment usually involves adrenalin injections. Insect avoidance procedures are effective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017275"}
{"pmid": "1017278", "title": "Hypersensitivity pneumonitis.", "content": "Hypersensitivity pneumonitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017278"}
{"pmid": "1017279", "title": "Ocular allergy.", "content": "Ocular allergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017279"}
{"pmid": "1017280", "title": "Urticaria and angioedema.", "content": "Urticaria and angioedema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017280"}
{"pmid": "1017282", "title": "Cosmetic review.", "content": "Cosmetic review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017282"}
{"pmid": "1017281", "title": "Psoriasis: treatment with a tar gel.", "content": "Psoriasis: treatment with a tar gel. Crude coal tar has long been an effective and safe form of therapy for psoriasis. However, as compounded in an ointment base it has many objectional features and usually is limited to hospital use. A new tar gel has been studied which appears to equal the effectiveness of crude coal tar, is convenient to apply, and is cosmetically acceptable. This new tar preparation is a valuable addition to the therapy of psoriasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017281"}
{"pmid": "1017283", "title": "The worldwide distribution leprosy: its impact on world health.", "content": "The worldwide distribution leprosy: its impact on world health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017283"}
{"pmid": "1017284", "title": "Leprosy: differential diagnosis.", "content": "Leprosy: differential diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017284"}
{"pmid": "1017285", "title": "Treatment of Hansen's disease.", "content": "Treatment of Hansen's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017285"}
{"pmid": "1017286", "title": "The so-called \"salicylate-free diet.\".", "content": "The so-called \"salicylate-free diet.\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017286"}
{"pmid": "1017287", "title": "Coloring the hair.", "content": "Coloring the hair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017287"}
{"pmid": "1017289", "title": "Dermatitis artefacta of the genitals.", "content": "Dermatitis artefacta of the genitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017289"}
{"pmid": "1017288", "title": "Plantar squamous cell carcinoma.", "content": "Plantar squamous cell carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017288"}
{"pmid": "1017290", "title": "Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome.", "content": "Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. A case report of a young girl with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is presented. The patient showed cutaneous and skeletal findings characteristic of the syndrome. Multiple basal cell carcinomas, rib abnormalities, along with clinical evidence of frontal bossing and ocular hypertelorism were the primary features of the syndrome in this patient. It is suggested that other characteristics of the syndrome, such as jaw cysts, palmar and plantar pitting and calcification of the falx cerebri will develop as the patient grows older. Careful observation, particularly for medulloblastoma and malignant degeneration and invasiveness of basal cell carcinomas, will be an integral part of this young patient's care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017290"}
{"pmid": "1017292", "title": "Suction cup ecchymosis of the forehead.", "content": "Suction cup ecchymosis of the forehead.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017292"}
{"pmid": "1017291", "title": "Electrolysis---the dark horse referral.", "content": "Electrolysis---the dark horse referral.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017291"}
{"pmid": "1017293", "title": "Basal cell carcinoma of the scortum.", "content": "Basal cell carcinoma of the scortum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017293"}
{"pmid": "1017295", "title": "The chemical face peel.", "content": "The chemical face peel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017295"}
{"pmid": "1017297", "title": "Contact dermatitis with underlying malignancy.", "content": "Contact dermatitis with underlying malignancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017297"}
{"pmid": "1017296", "title": "Malignancy treated with liquid nitrogen.", "content": "Malignancy treated with liquid nitrogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017296"}
{"pmid": "1017298", "title": "Erthropoietic protoporphyria: first report of cases in the American Nergo.", "content": "Erthropoietic protoporphyria: first report of cases in the American Nergo. The first two cases of erthropoietic protoporphyria in the American Nergo are reported. The eruption was limited to the lips, subungual and periungual areas, which are relatively nonpigmented. Onset was at a later age and length of sun exposure required to produce symptoms was longer than that in most whites with the disease. The different presentation in Negroes is believed to be related to their increased pigmentation. Melanin appears to provide protection because of its free radical formation and absorption of 400 nm electromagnetic radiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017298"}
{"pmid": "1017294", "title": "Candidiasis of the lips.", "content": "Candidiasis of the lips.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017294"}
{"pmid": "1017300", "title": "Painful bruise syndrome.", "content": "Painful bruise syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017300"}
{"pmid": "1017301", "title": "The so-called salicylate-free diet. Part II.", "content": "The so-called salicylate-free diet. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017301"}
{"pmid": "1017302", "title": "Hair dyes: temporary colorings.", "content": "Hair dyes: temporary colorings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017302"}
{"pmid": "1017303", "title": "Skin changes and lesions in our senior citizens: incidences.", "content": "Skin changes and lesions in our senior citizens: incidences. One hundred and sixty-three community volunteers were interviewed and examined. After a decade, the 69 survivors were again interviewed and examined. The incidences of their skin changes and lesions were recorded and interrelationships sought relative to internal and external signs of aging. Asteatosis of moderate or severe degree, large numbers of scrotal angiomas in men, and retention of nevi appeared to be associated with a relatively shortened life expectancy and may be signs of decline and approaching death in older individuals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017303"}
{"pmid": "1017304", "title": "Skin cancer.", "content": "Skin cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017304"}
{"pmid": "1017305", "title": "Cutaneous ulcers: treatment with gold leaf.", "content": "Cutaneous ulcers: treatment with gold leaf.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017305"}
{"pmid": "1017306", "title": "Sunlight and aging of the skin.", "content": "Sunlight and aging of the skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017306"}
{"pmid": "1017307", "title": "Foot complaints of the elderly.", "content": "Foot complaints of the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017307"}
{"pmid": "1017299", "title": "The esthetics of hair transplantation.", "content": "The esthetics of hair transplantation. There are many potential candidates, and greater attention to esthetic considerations has accelerated the interest in the hair transplantation field. Although discriminatory selection is essential, there are few interested patients who could not benefit from this procedure. Successful hair transplantation and patient satisfaction depend on the physician's skillful sustained concentration on the frontal hairline, tenacious motivation of the patient to seek a sufficient number of transplants, and the choice of a pleasing hair style with utilization of recommended grooming aids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017299"}
{"pmid": "1017308", "title": "Geriatric hands.", "content": "Geriatric hands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017308"}
{"pmid": "1017309", "title": "Permanent hair colorants--vegetable and metallic dyes. Part I: Vegetable.", "content": "Permanent hair colorants--vegetable and metallic dyes. Part I: Vegetable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017309"}
{"pmid": "1017310", "title": "Measles and the immune system.", "content": "Measles and the immune system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017310"}
{"pmid": "1017311", "title": "Surgical management of herpes simplex keratitis.", "content": "Surgical management of herpes simplex keratitis. The various surgical managements of herpes simplex keratitis are listed. Our management is \"atraumatic\" keratoplasty, if vision is reduced, if the disease is protracted, or if perforation occurs. Our preoperative care is aimed at the production of a quiet eye with no active virus infection, by the use of antiviral drops, steroids, antibiotics, and bandage contact lenses. Removal of all corneal disease is desirable, but not mandatory. Perforations are managed in the same manner, but the host window is started at the perforation. Postoperative management is characterized by the use of therapeutic modalities necessary to prevent or treat complications, including steroids and frequent observation to check for complications of treatment. Our understanding of herpes simplex virus infections as they relate to surgical management is presented. The results of treatment warrant continuation of our efforts--but lead to the conclusion that it would be most helpful if latent virus infection could be eradicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017311"}
{"pmid": "1017312", "title": "Pyoderma gangrenosum with carcinoid tumor.", "content": "Pyoderma gangrenosum with carcinoid tumor. A patient with the classic lesions of pyoderma gangrenosum was found on autopsy to have a carcinoid tumor of the ileum. The simultaneous occurrence of a carcinoid tumor with pyoderma gangrenosum is interesting because both conditions are associated with immunologic defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017312"}
{"pmid": "1017313", "title": "Hyperpigmentation problems: effectiveness and rationale of therapy.", "content": "Hyperpigmentation problems: effectiveness and rationale of therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017313"}
{"pmid": "1017314", "title": "Synthesis of nuclear acidic proteins in mature and immature avian erythrocytes.", "content": "Synthesis of nuclear acidic proteins in mature and immature avian erythrocytes. The synthesis of the nuclear acidic proteins in immature and mature avian erythroid cells was compared. Synthesis of these proteins was found to occur in both types of cells. However, there are quantitative and qualitative differences in incorporation of labelled amino acids into the electrophoretic patterns of these proteins. There was an overall decline in the specific activity of the proteins as erythrocyte maturation proceeds. In particular, one protein band of molecular weight 81,000 is predominantly synthesizied in the immature cells but not in the mature cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017314"}
{"pmid": "1017316", "title": "Quantitative analysis of human chromosome segregation in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "content": "Quantitative analysis of human chromosome segregation in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids. The presumed random and independent process of human chromosome segregation in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids was studied. The results of chromosome analysis on 196 cells from 15 related hybrid strains have provided the first convincing evidence that segregation of human chromosomes can be nonindependent and often concordant. Different human chromosomes were not retained with equal frequency in these hybrid clones. Some were present in 80% of all the cells, whereas others appeared in less than 10% of the same cells. Linear regression analysis was used to test for correlation of the frequencies of all pair-wise combinations of human chromosomes present in these hybrid clones. Twenty-two of 136 possible correlations were statistically significant, indicating that concordant segregation of particular pairs of human chromosomes is a rather frequent occurrence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017316"}
{"pmid": "1017315", "title": "The DNA of Volvox carteri: a biophysical and biosynthetic characterization.", "content": "The DNA of Volvox carteri: a biophysical and biosynthetic characterization. Various biophysical and biosynthetic characteristics of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from Volvox carteri are examined. The DNA from three strains (HK-10,NB-7 and KA-1) is compared, and all strains are shown to contain at least two distinct DNA species which band at densities of 1.714-1.715 and 1.704-1.705 g/cm3 in neutral CsCl and correspond to nuclear and \"cytoplasmic\" DNA, respectively. Base compositions calculated from these densities, 55-56% G+C for nuclear DNA, and 45-46% G+C for cytoplasmic DNA, are in close agreement with % G+C values estimated from thermal denaturation data. DNA from strain KA-1 has a third component with a buoyant density of 1.693 g/cm3. DNA synthesis is analysed using radioactively labelled heterogeneously grown strains of Volvox carteri and profiles obtained following preparative CsCl density gradient centrifugation are presented. In addition, dissimilarities in patterns of DNA synthesis at various periods in the asexual life cycle are reported for synchronous cultures of strain HK-10. These differences in temporal patterns of DNA synthesis clearly indicate that while nuclear DNA is make to some degree throughout the life cycle, cytoplasmic DNA synthesis appears to occur only at discrete intervals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017315"}
{"pmid": "1017319", "title": "Association of the sex chromosomes in meiosis of mouse species.", "content": "Association of the sex chromosomes in meiosis of mouse species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017319"}
{"pmid": "1017317", "title": "Cytological demonstration of mitotic crossing-over in man.", "content": "Cytological demonstration of mitotic crossing-over in man. Quadriradial (QR) configurations from four different human lymphocyte metaphase samples have been analyzed: a patient with Fanconi's anemia; normal female cells X-irradiated with 150 or 200 R in S or G2; spontaneous QRs occurring in 13,584 metaphases; and cells from two sibs with Bloom's syndrome. That mitotic chiasmata are caused by crossing-over rather than by random breakage and reunion was concluded from the following observations: (1) In the spontaneous sample, mitotic chiasmata are about as frequent as all other QRs together. (2) The frequencies of mitotic chiasmata and of other QRs are not correlated in the different samples. (3) The break points in other QRs are situated at random relative to chromosome length, whereas the distribution of chiasmata is highly nonrandom. (4) Although the centromeres of chromatid translocations occur in alternate and adjacent positions with approximately equal frequencies, there are very few adjacent counterparts to mitotic chiasmata. These can best be interpreted as a result of an abnormal U-type rejoining of chromatids in a chiasma. (5) Chiasmata found in heteromorphic chromosome pairs show that crossing-over has, indeed, taken place.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017317"}
{"pmid": "1017318", "title": "Gene dose effect: regional mapping of human glutathione reductase on chromosome 8.", "content": "Gene dose effect: regional mapping of human glutathione reductase on chromosome 8.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017318"}
{"pmid": "1017320", "title": "Somatic cell hybrid assignment of a structural gene for human beta-glucuronidase to chromosome 7 by use of an X/7 translocation.", "content": "Somatic cell hybrid assignment of a structural gene for human beta-glucuronidase to chromosome 7 by use of an X/7 translocation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017320"}
{"pmid": "1017322", "title": "A (2;4) translocation, unbalanced, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification No. GM-501.", "content": "A (2;4) translocation, unbalanced, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification No. GM-501.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017322"}
{"pmid": "1017321", "title": "Deletion in the short arm of chromosome 9 from a subject with congenital cerebral maldevelopment. Repository identification No. GM-870.", "content": "Deletion in the short arm of chromosome 9 from a subject with congenital cerebral maldevelopment. Repository identification No. GM-870.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017321"}
{"pmid": "1017323", "title": "A (2;4) translocation, balanced, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification No. GM-1064.", "content": "A (2;4) translocation, balanced, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification No. GM-1064.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017323"}
{"pmid": "1017324", "title": "A (10;17) translocation, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification No. GM-959.", "content": "A (10;17) translocation, 46 chromosomes. Repository identification No. GM-959.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017324"}
{"pmid": "1017359", "title": "Chronobiology in the diagnosis and treatment of mesor-hypertension.", "content": "Chronobiology in the diagnosis and treatment of mesor-hypertension. An elevation of systolic and diastolic bloodpressure to values regarded as abnormal ones on the basis of conventional criteria was recognized by self-measurement. For both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the overall means adjusted for rhythms, the so-called mesors, also were elevated in the light of their response to treatment: these mesors were found to be lowered with statistical significance when values during treatment were compared by an objective test with values measured before treatment. Individualized rhythmometry quantitatively characterizes a predictalbe portion of the variability in human blood pressure and tests for the statistical significance of changes in blood pressure as a function of the treatment and also as a function of the  circadian timing of such treatment. The case report thus illustrates an individualized chronotherapy of systolic and diastolic mesor-hypertension, diagnosed retrospectively from the tested effect of hydrochlorothiazide. In the case reported, and perhaps routinely, computer-analyzed self-measurements can serve 1) to prescribe the right kind and amount with the right timing, for a given therapy, and 2) for diagnosis and prevention as well (Meyer et al.; Halberg et al.).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017359"}
{"pmid": "1017363", "title": "Thiolation of melittin with n-acetylhomocysteine thiolactone and study of the structure of oxidated thiolated products.", "content": "Thiolation of melittin with n-acetylhomocysteine thiolactone and study of the structure of oxidated thiolated products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017363"}
{"pmid": "1017364", "title": "Synthesis and physiological activity of certain chloralphenylbiguanides.", "content": "Synthesis and physiological activity of certain chloralphenylbiguanides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017364"}
{"pmid": "1017362", "title": "Sequence determination of proteins with 2-p-isothiocyanophenyl-3-phenylindenone.", "content": "Sequence determination of proteins with 2-p-isothiocyanophenyl-3-phenylindenone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017362"}
{"pmid": "1017365", "title": "Unified rhythm of the slow wave of the small and large intestines in the ileocecal region.", "content": "Unified rhythm of the slow wave of the small and large intestines in the ileocecal region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017365"}
{"pmid": "1017360", "title": "Evidence for a circadian oscillation in the gonadal response of the tropical weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus) to programmed photoperiod.", "content": "Evidence for a circadian oscillation in the gonadal response of the tropical weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus) to programmed photoperiod. The effect of an asymmetrical skeleton photoperiod scheduleee was studied on the gonadal development in a tropical finch, the weaver bird (Ploceus philippinus). The schedul comprised a short nonstimulatory primary photoperiod of 6 hrs and a secondary  much shorter lightperiod given as a 15-min light pulse at different times in the dark period. The light pulse 11 hrs after the basic period resulted in gonadal stimulation, while light pulse in contimuation with the basic period or 8, 14 or 21 hrs after the basicperiod was not stimulatory. The \"photoinducible phase\" was much more precisely outlined by shifting the birds from an 8-h to a 10-h pulse, and from an 11-h to 12-h pulse and was found to be very short, lasting about an hour falling between 11 and 12 hrs after the primary light period. The short photoinducible phase may be of an adaptive value since in the tropics the difference between the shortest and the longest daylength is also rather small (3 hrs and 15 min at Varanasi, 25degrees N). Clearly the weaver bird possesses a fine time-measuring device involving an endogenous circadian rhythm in photosensitivity. In nature, spermatogenesis in this bird also begins in March when the daylength exceeds 11 hrs (thus perhaps coinciding with the photoinducible phase). In rather small, photoperiod may not serve as a cue to trigger seasonal reproductive periodicity, it seems that photoperiod can act as a Zeitgeber for the initiation of spermatogenesis in the weaver bird at least.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017360"}
{"pmid": "1017366", "title": "Desmosome-like structures of the peripheral nerve fibres.", "content": "Desmosome-like structures of the peripheral nerve fibres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017366"}
{"pmid": "1017367", "title": "Renin activity in the prehypertensive and early hypertensive stage of spontaneously hypertensive rats.", "content": "Renin activity in the prehypertensive and early hypertensive stage of spontaneously hypertensive rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017367"}
{"pmid": "1017368", "title": "Outcome of the California Civil Addict commitments:1961-1972.", "content": "Outcome of the California Civil Addict commitments:1961-1972.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017368"}
{"pmid": "1017369", "title": "Antecedents of narcotic use and addiction. A study of 898 Vietnam veterans.", "content": "Antecedents of narcotic use and addiction. A study of 898 Vietnam veterans. Previous studies of predictors of narcotic abuse have been retrospective and based on samples of long-term addicts obtained from legal or medical channels. There are several methodological problems in this approach. The present study is an attempt to test certain alleged predictors of narcotic use in a cohort of 898 Vietnam veterans. The design overcomes several of the methodological weaknesses of previous studies. Eight variables which have been reported as predictors of drug use or addiction in the drug literature were inquired about during a personal interview which included the premilitary life of each subject. The antecedent variables were socioeconomic background, inner city residence, psychiatric illness, broken home, race, employment history, education and antisocial history. Using information obtained from interviews and military records, we then tested the predictive value of each of these antecedents by comparing narcotic used and addiction in Vietman and use after Vietnam in men differing with respect to each antecedent. Results indicate that some of the variables were very poor, and others very good predictors of the various levels of narcotic involvement. The predictive value and overall importance of each of the variables we tested are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017369"}
{"pmid": "1017370", "title": "The future of federal drug abuse research. How can we best maximize scarce resources?", "content": "The future of federal drug abuse research. How can we best maximize scarce resources?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017370"}
{"pmid": "1017371", "title": "Treatment effectiveness as judged by successfully and unsuccessfully treated alcoholics.", "content": "Treatment effectiveness as judged by successfully and unsuccessfully treated alcoholics. Thirty-seven successfully and 46 unsuccessfully treated male alcoholics were asked to judge the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of six treatment methods routinely offered by a state hospital. For each treatment method, the total frequencies of judgments of most and least helpful, respectively, were as follows: detoxification (16%, 14%), lectures (16%, 20%), group therapy (54%, 7%), individual counseling (26%, 6%), work therapy (17%, 22%) and family therapy (13%, 14%). The two groups of subjects differed significantly in the frequencies of treatment methods judged to be \"least helpful\", but not in the frequencies of \"most helpful\" treatment. The similarity between the judgments of successfully and unsuccessfully treated alcoholics might reflect the positive effects of previous treatment in the unsuccessful group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017371"}
{"pmid": "1017361", "title": "The role of pineal and eyes in the photoperiodic effect on the gonad of the medaka, Oryzias latipes.", "content": "The role of pineal and eyes in the photoperiodic effect on the gonad of the medaka, Oryzias latipes. Studies on gonadal development in the female medaka, Oryzias latipes, intact, blinded or blinded-pinealectomized, maintained on different lighting schedules, i.e. LD14:10 and LD 10:14 and under natural daylight conditions, revealed that: 1)blinded fish were capable of responding to annual photoperiodic shifts with alterations of gonadal development, if the pineal was left intact; 2)the mean gonosomatic index(GSI) was higher in blinded fish than in intact fish, during a period from October through April, under LD 14:10, LD 10:14 and the natural daylight conditions; 3)when reared under the natural daylight conditions, the mean GSI in blinded fish was approximately half of that in intact ones in May and June, although the values were significantly larger than those in fish examined during all the other seasons; and 4)in December, the mean GSI was larger in blinded-pinealectomized fish than in intact and blinded ones. These findings seem to indicate that, during the breeding season, the gonadal growth in the medaka is stimulated by the pineal blocking the inhibitory mechanism against the hypothalamo-hypophyseal gonadotropic system, whereas during non-breeding seasons, the gonadal involution is induced by an anti-gonadal factor released by the pineal. It is likely that the effects of photoperiods are exerted on the pineal through the eyes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017361"}
{"pmid": "1017372", "title": "Addicts' attitudes toward drugs: a semantic-differential study.", "content": "Addicts' attitudes toward drugs: a semantic-differential study. The Drug Rating Scale, an adaptation of the Osgood semantic-differential technique, was devised to measure the connotative aspects of attitudes toward drugs. Sixty-two heroin-addict clients and fourteen staff members of the Haight-Ashbury Free Medical Clinic completed the Scale. The Addict group tended to regard heroin in a negative light, possibly consistent with their own lack of self-esteem. Amphetamines and LSD had the greatest distance from heroin in the addicts' \"semantic space\"; this was consistent with addicts' relative preference for alternative drugs to heroin. The evaluative and activity dimensions provided a plausible assignment of the eight drugs inquired about into four quadrants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017372"}
{"pmid": "1017375", "title": "Neurological assessment of patients on prolonged methadone maintenance.", "content": "Neurological assessment of patients on prolonged methadone maintenance. Medical histories, neurological examinations and electroencephalograms of 25 methadone-maintained subjects were compared with those of 25 abstinent controls. Comparisons on all measures failed to show significant differences between groups. The incidence of abnormalities was low for all subjects. None of the observed conditions appeared to involve methadone in their etiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017375"}
{"pmid": "1017373", "title": "Reassessing the goal of drug education: diversity of preference among teachers and students.", "content": "Reassessing the goal of drug education: diversity of preference among teachers and students. Most of the proponents of drug education assume that the primary objective of such programs is to deter student drug use. To test this assumption, administrators, students and teachers from six public school districts were surveyed about what they thought the primary role of the school should be. While most administrators and teachers thought that the school's role should be limited to developing responsible attitudes or providing drug information, students selected a more diverse set of objectives for the schools. The policy implications of these findings are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017373"}
{"pmid": "1017376", "title": "Effects of methadone on alcohol consumption and growth in mice.", "content": "Effects of methadone on alcohol consumption and growth in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017376"}
{"pmid": "1017378", "title": "Seven attitude scales used in assessing cannabis use amongst students.", "content": "Seven attitude scales used in assessing cannabis use amongst students. A number of newly constructed attitude measures are described and correlated with two previously established measures, on a sample of 830 university students. Scales were devised to measure political orientation, permissive-restrictiveness, puritan ethic, parental congruence and extra-intra punitiveness. In addition a checklist concerned with degree of social and political activity, a modified (shortened) version of Crumbaugh's Purpose in Life Test, Srole's Test of Anomie (complete), and the shortened form of the E.P.I. were used. Item loadings on the main facotr in each scale and overall correlations between the scales are given.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017378"}
{"pmid": "1017374", "title": "Metabolic disposition of 2-phenylethylamine and the role of depression in methadone-dependent and detoxified patients.", "content": "Metabolic disposition of 2-phenylethylamine and the role of depression in methadone-dependent and detoxified patients. We have now postulated that differences in the innate capacity of individuals to synthesize, store and utilize biogenic amines may provide the biological basis for human abuse of narcotic and other drugs, and that these drugs are used in an apparent unconscious effort to self-medicate against an inherent affective disorder. In this communication, we attempted a preliminary characterization of the narcotics withdrawal syndrome on biochemical and clinical parameters. Abstinence was found to be characterized by low urinary excretion of 2-phenylethylamine and depression. An indication for use of tricyclic drugs has been discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017374"}
{"pmid": "1017379", "title": "Neuronal depletion in the globus pallidus of heroin addicts.", "content": "Neuronal depletion in the globus pallidus of heroin addicts. Decreased neuronal population densities are described in the globus pallidus of narcotic addicts. Toxicologic studies indicate mixed addiction to be frequent, but exposure to parenteral heroin is the only common factor. This permanent brain damage seems more likely to be caused by recurrent episodes of hypoxia during severe reactions to narcotics than to be related to direct neurotoxic effects of heroin. The lesion may account for some of the long term changes observed in addicts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017379"}
{"pmid": "1017377", "title": "Clinical pharmacological studies with 6-azidomorphine.", "content": "Clinical pharmacological studies with 6-azidomorphine. The intravenous (i.v.) administration of 4 mug/kg 6-deoxy-6-dihydroazido-isomorphine (6-AM) base to healthy, young adult male volunteers caused no circulatory and relatively little, short-lasting respiratory depression. Of the ten volunteers all felt lightheaded, two became euphoric and when they became ambulatory at the end of the experiment, three vomited and two other became nauseated. The intramuscular (i.m.) administration of the same dose of 6-AM had considerable analgesic effect against various types of experimental pain. It was more effective against ischemic pain, than against pain induced by electrical stimulation of the earlobe or the tooth pulp and it effected severe pain more than mild or moderate pain. In the six subjects investigated, 6-AM produced significant myosis. Of the 16 subjects who received 4 mug/kg 6-AM i.m. five experienced mild euphoria, two felt lightheaded, six became pale and sweaty in the course of the experiments carried out in the sitting position. When they becam ambulatory after the completion of the experiments, two subjects vomited and six others became nauseated. The findings of this study indicate that 6-AM causes less circulatory and respiratory depression than is to be expected from equianalgetic doses of morphine. Its other side effects (e.g., nausea, vomiting) are also less frequent and severe than those encountered after the administration of comparable doses of morphine to ambulating volunteers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017377"}
{"pmid": "1017381", "title": "The drinking habits of residents of a rehabilitation program with a controlled drinking option: a preliminary report.", "content": "The drinking habits of residents of a rehabilitation program with a controlled drinking option: a preliminary report. Residents of an alcoholism rehabilitation program with a controlled drinking option were asked to give daily reports on their drinking. Program staff were also asked to report evide-ce of resident drinking. A comparison of information from these two sources showed, among other things, that residents were generally reluctant to report drinking which was proscribed the the program. Such drinking as was reported varied from isolated, non-problematic, small quantity drinking, to heavy, regular and problem-producing drinking. In general, residents' drinking did not prevent them from work while in residence. The men's reluctance to report proscribed drinking is seen as largely accounted for by the system of fines for intoxication and drinking without rights. It is concluded that it would be premature to recommend the program's drinking policies to other residential programs, but future experimentation is indicated.t is concluded that it would be premature to recommend the program's drinking policies to other residential programs, but future experimentation is indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017381"}
{"pmid": "1017380", "title": "Motivation for alcohol in rats: position and bottle preferences do not cause drinking.", "content": "Motivation for alcohol in rats: position and bottle preferences do not cause drinking. Position preference, i.e., the tendency to drink from onelocation rather than the other, was found to be relatively unimportant in determining the drinking behavior of rats presented with a choice between water and a 7% (v/v) ethanol solution in typical two-bottle choice situations. It accounted for essentially none of the variance in rats generally drinking more alcohol solution than water after prolonged previous alcohol experience, and in rats consuming very little alcohol; only in rats drinking slightly less alcohol solution than water was it found to have an influence. Similarly, bottle preference, i.e., the tendency to drink from one of the two bottles regardless of its position or contents, andposition preference were found to have almost no effect on heavy-drinking rats even on their first day of exposure and on low-drinking rats after about three days of access to alcohol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017380"}
{"pmid": "1017383", "title": "A sociological theory of the diffusion and social setting of opiate addiction.", "content": "A sociological theory of the diffusion and social setting of opiate addiction. The theory presented here is intended to apply to socially deprived areas where heroin addiction is endemic, narcotics are available, and adolescents are not naive about the consequences of heroin use. In such settings rapid epidemic changes occur in which within a short period of time large numbers are involved. The transition of heroin use is a conversion-type phemonenon which is facilitated by the basic belief system, the network of social circles and the social and psychological inducements for compliance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017383"}
{"pmid": "1017382", "title": "Radioimmunoassay of amphetamines in rat parotid saliva.", "content": "Radioimmunoassay of amphetamines in rat parotid saliva. Amphetamines, a commonly abused class of drugs, have been detected in various biological specimens, in particular, urine and blood. However, little information is available concerning the detection of these drugs in saliva. This investigation, utilizing the rat salivary secretions, has been attempted to establish the ability of amphetamines to be secreted in saliva and to determine the feasibility of using radioimmunoassay (RIA) for drug detection in saliva. The results of this investigation showed that (1) d-amphetamine and methamphetamine decreased salivary flow, (2) after d-amphetamine RIA tests were demonstrated in both saliva and plasma for a period of fifty minutes, and (3) positive RIA reactions were obtained by the following metamphetamine metabolites: amphetamine, 4-hydroxynorephedrine and 4-hydroxyamphetamine. Methamphetamine and 4-hydroxy-N-methylamphetamine were found to be non-reactive in the radioimmunoassay procedure. The results indicate that saliva could be radioimmunoassayed for the detection of amphetamine or amphetamine derivatives after the administration of either d-amphetamine and methamphetamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017382"}
{"pmid": "1017384", "title": "Experiences of a methadone detoxification programme for opium addicts.", "content": "Experiences of a methadone detoxification programme for opium addicts. The conduction of a new programme of methadone detoxification of opium addicts in a general hospital setting is described. A blind technique of dispensing methadone in a powdered form mixed with powdered aspirin to two groups of opium addicts was used: Group A were given a gradual reduction of the methadone over a period of ten days, while group B were maintained on the initial stabilising dose for the ten days and then abruptly withdrawn from methadone on the eleventh day. It was observed that the number of complaints and abstinence symptoms was markedly reduced in Group B. It is suggested that this technique is a major improvement over the standard progressive reduction method of methadone detoxification. A follow-up of these patients over a period of 1 1/2 years is reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017384"}
{"pmid": "1017385", "title": "The impact of methadone and drug-free treatment on criminal behavior.", "content": "The impact of methadone and drug-free treatment on criminal behavior. The present study was initiated to evaluate the effect of methadone versus drug-free treatment on a series of criminal involvement measures. A 50% random sample of the 776 clients who had registered with the Central Intake Unit over a one year period was selected for intensive study. Data were collected through examination of intake and treatment files for pre- and post-admission time periods. Arrest, conviction and incarceration rates as well as correctional status were measured and compared across pre-treatment, intake and three month post-intake periods. The arrest rate for the total sample decreased radically from 92.8% upon entering treatment to 8% after three months in treatment. The subsequent rates at 6, 9 and 12 months decreased in a fairly consistent manner. This trend was similar in the methadone, drug-free, and methadone/drug-free groups for either arrests, convictions or incarceration rates with time in treatment. The relationship between arrests and employment and drug use was also examined. No association was found between use of opiates as measured by urinalysis results and frequency of arrest. Similarly, arrest rates showed no significant association with employment rates during the first nine months of treatment, although the comparison at twelve months was significant with only 16.7% of those employed clients being arrested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017385"}
{"pmid": "1017386", "title": "Drug abuse: a manifestation of the cyclic nature of human behavior.", "content": "Drug abuse: a manifestation of the cyclic nature of human behavior. The authors conclude that a cyclic pattern of drug use behavior can be documented in a given population. While such a study provides a microcosmic view of such behavior, it is postulated that this same cyclic pattern was experienced in the macrocosm of society at large by drug-abusing populations over centuries past.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017386"}
{"pmid": "1017387", "title": "A study on the personality characteristics of Iranian addicts.", "content": "A study on the personality characteristics of Iranian addicts. The present study was undertaken to investigate the personality characteristics of addicts in Iran and to investigate the applicability of the Persian version of the Manson Evaluation Scale in a sample of 107 hospitalized male addicts as compared with a group of 90 non-addicts. All MES values attained statistically significant t-value at or better than 0.01 level of confidence between the two groups. The study supports findings in Western socities except that our sample exhibits psychoneurotic traits more than psychopathic trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017387"}
{"pmid": "1017388", "title": "Chronic polyarthritis at the Kenyatta National Hospital.", "content": "Chronic polyarthritis at the Kenyatta National Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017388"}
{"pmid": "1017389", "title": "The misdiagnosis of chronic constrictive pericarditis.", "content": "The misdiagnosis of chronic constrictive pericarditis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017389"}
{"pmid": "1017390", "title": "Multiple myelomatosis in Ibadan: a comparative study.", "content": "Multiple myelomatosis in Ibadan: a comparative study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017390"}
{"pmid": "1017391", "title": "Tabes dorsalis: two case reports.", "content": "Tabes dorsalis: two case reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017391"}
{"pmid": "1017392", "title": "Some aspects of public health and medical care in China (Challenges to developing countries).", "content": "Some aspects of public health and medical care in China (Challenges to developing countries).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017392"}
{"pmid": "1017393", "title": "Teaching hospitals and their administration in developing countries: suggestions for future improvement.", "content": "Teaching hospitals and their administration in developing countries: suggestions for future improvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017393"}
{"pmid": "1017394", "title": "Actions of morphine and sympathomimetic amines on isolated chick oesophagus.", "content": "Actions of morphine and sympathomimetic amines on isolated chick oesophagus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017394"}
{"pmid": "1017396", "title": "The pattern of adult medical admissions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.", "content": "The pattern of adult medical admissions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017396"}
{"pmid": "1017395", "title": "Pericardial effusion in childhood endomyocardial fibrosis.", "content": "Pericardial effusion in childhood endomyocardial fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017395"}
{"pmid": "1017397", "title": "Pain relief in labour using methoxyflurane.", "content": "Pain relief in labour using methoxyflurane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017397"}
{"pmid": "1017398", "title": "Blood glucose values in healthy full-term African newborn infants during the first 28 days of life.", "content": "Blood glucose values in healthy full-term African newborn infants during the first 28 days of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017398"}
{"pmid": "1017399", "title": "Bleeding disorder in three male siblings.", "content": "Bleeding disorder in three male siblings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017399"}
{"pmid": "1017400", "title": "Acute leukaemia in pregnancy. A case report from the Kenyatta National Hospital.", "content": "Acute leukaemia in pregnancy. A case report from the Kenyatta National Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017400"}
{"pmid": "1017401", "title": "Poisonous snake bite--a reappraisal.", "content": "Poisonous snake bite--a reappraisal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017401"}
{"pmid": "1017402", "title": "Notes on antibiotic usage in the Netherlands.", "content": "Notes on antibiotic usage in the Netherlands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017402"}
{"pmid": "1017414", "title": "Target organ toxicity: lung introduction.", "content": "Target organ toxicity: lung introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017414"}
{"pmid": "1017415", "title": "Physiologic basis and interpretation of common indices of respiratory mechanical function.", "content": "Physiologic basis and interpretation of common indices of respiratory mechanical function. Tests of pulmonary mechanical function may be used in determining the prominent site of pulmonary reaction to intervention. Responses may be localized from a knowledge of changes in lung resistance and compliance. A peripheral airway or parenchymal response is characterized by a decrease in lung compliance. A central airway reaction is characterized by an increase in pulmonary resistance. In mixed reactions both parameters may change. In this communication some of the physiologic determinants of pulmonary resistance and compliance are discussed and examples of localized responses given.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017415"}
{"pmid": "1017416", "title": "Role of metabolic activation in the pathogenesis of chemically induced pulmonary disease: mechanism of action of the lung-toxic furan, 4-ipomeanol.", "content": "Role of metabolic activation in the pathogenesis of chemically induced pulmonary disease: mechanism of action of the lung-toxic furan, 4-ipomeanol. Many xenobiotics produce hepatic injury due to their metabolism in the liver to highly reactive electrophile intermediates which form covalent conjugates with nucleophilic cellular constituents. This presentation describes studies indicating that the production of chemically reactive metabolites by pulmonary metabolism of xenobiotics can also play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of chemically induced lung disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017416"}
{"pmid": "1017417", "title": "Paraquat toxicity: proposed mechanism of action involving lipid peroxidation.", "content": "Paraquat toxicity: proposed mechanism of action involving lipid peroxidation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that paraquat pulmonary toxicity results from cyclic reduction-oxidation of paraquat with sequential generation of superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen and initiation of lipid peroxidation. In vitro mouse lung microsomes catalyzed an NADPH-dependent, single-electron reduction of paraquat. Incubation of paraquat with NADPH, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, and purified microsomal lipid increased malondialdehyde production is a concentration dependent manner. Addition of either superoxide dismutase or a single oxygen trapping agent 1,3-dipheylisobenzo furan inhibited paraquat stimulated lipid peroxidation. In vivo, pretreatment of mice with phenobarbital decreased paraquat toxicity, possibly by competing for electrons which might otherwise reduce paraquat. In contrast, paraquat toxicity in mice was increased by exposure to 100% oxygen and by deficiencies of the antioxidants selenium, vitamin E, or reduced glutahione (GSH). Paraquat, given IP to mice, at 30 mg/kg, decreased concentrations of the water-soluble antioxidant GSH in liver and lipid soluble antioxidants in lung. Oxygen-tolerant rats, which hae increased activities of pulmonary enzymes which combat lipid peroxidation, were also tolerant to lethal doses of paraquat as indicated by an increased paraquat LT50. Furthermore, rats chronically exposed to 100 ppm paraquat in the water had elevated pulmonary activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and GSH reductase. These results were consistent with the hypothesis that lipid peroxidation is involved in the toxicity of paraquat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017417"}
{"pmid": "1017420", "title": "Inhalation exposure of animals.", "content": "Inhalation exposure of animals. Relative advantages and disadvantages and important design criteria for various exposure methods are presented. Five types of exposures are discussed: whole-body chambers, head-only exposures, nose or mouth-only methods, lung-only exposures, and partial-lung exposures. Design considerations covered include: air cleaning and conditioning; construction materials; losses of exposure materials; evenness of exposure; sampling biases; animal observation and care; noise and vibration control, safe exhausts, chamber loading, reliability, pressure fluctuations; neck seals, masks, animal restraint methods; and animal comfort. Ethical considerations in use of animals in inhalation experiments are also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017420"}
{"pmid": "1017419", "title": "Overview: recent developments in the toxicity of environmental oxidants.", "content": "Overview: recent developments in the toxicity of environmental oxidants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017419"}
{"pmid": "1017421", "title": "An isolated perfused rat lung preparation.", "content": "An isolated perfused rat lung preparation. An isolated perfused rat lung preparation (IPL) is described and its physiologic status is evaluated. The evaluation includes light and electron microscopy after perfusion and estimations of substrate utilization. ATP content, lactate production, and incorporation of glucose carbons into lipids and CO2. It is concluded that the IPL is useful for short-term metabolic and physiologic experiments and offers some unique advantages in evaluating effects of reactive gases upon lung function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017421"}
{"pmid": "1017422", "title": "Studies on the uptake, metabolism, and release of endogenous and exogenous chemicals by use of the isolated perfused lung.", "content": "Studies on the uptake, metabolism, and release of endogenous and exogenous chemicals by use of the isolated perfused lung. The isolated perfused lung is a valuable tool for studying many lung functions. The kinds of information one can obtain from the isolated perfused lung are illustrated by examples from our studies on the uptake, accumulation, and metabolism of endogenous and exogenous chemicals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017422"}
{"pmid": "1017423", "title": "Use of tracheal organ cultures in toxicity testing.", "content": "Use of tracheal organ cultures in toxicity testing. Fragments of tracheal epithelium alone or in continuity with connective tissues, can be maintained in culture medium and used for short term or long term studies of toxicity of a variety of chemicals. Large numbers of uniform cultures are prepared with the aid of a slicing device or by application of simple method for dissecting sheets of epithelium free from underlying cartilage. The cultures may be placed in an exposure chamber-incubator mounted on a microscope stage and monitored continually for ciliostasis and exfoliation of cells. Morphology is further studied by fixation of selected specimens and preparation for light microscopy and electron microscopy. Synthetic functions are evaluated by autoradiographic measurement of incorporation of radioactive precursors into macromolecules and other dynamic features are indirectly assessed by histochemical and histoenzymatic methods. Short-term studies using these several techniques have shown that ciliostasis does not correlate with cell injury in all instances, and a long-term study has demonstrated dose dependence of a cytotoxic agent when duration of culture viability is measured. The method lends itself to a broad range of investigations in which dose, period of exposure, and role of cofactors must be independently and quantitatively assessed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017423"}
{"pmid": "1017418", "title": "Secretory cells of the peripheral pulmonary epithelium as targets for toxic agents.", "content": "Secretory cells of the peripheral pulmonary epithelium as targets for toxic agents. The extracellular lining of the pulmonary peripheral airways is of vital importance to the lung. In this report, some aspects of the pulmonary extracellular lining and the epithelial cells believed to be responsible for its formation and secretion have been briefly reviewed. The influence of a number of toxic agents on the extracellular lining either directly or via those cells involved in its formation indicates that the extracellular lining may be important in understanding numerous toxic agent interactions with the lung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017418"}
{"pmid": "1017424", "title": "Biochemical studies of isolated hamster tracheal epithelium.", "content": "Biochemical studies of isolated hamster tracheal epithelium. The epithelial lining of respiratory air passageways is a primary target tissue for toxicity and carcinogenesis in man and in animal models of human disease. The importance of this target tissue was the basis for development of methods to study its biochemistry, and with this information to distinguish the unique properties of this tissue from properties common to all cell types. Biochemical methods employed labeling of macromolecules in isolated hamster treacheas during brief (less than 4 hr) incubation in vitro. Studies of RNA metabolism in isolated tracheas demonstrated a pattern of maturation of ribosomal RNA like that shown for other cell types. Alterations in RNA metabolism were observed in isolated tracheas obtained from vitamin A-deficient hamsters and hamsters previously treated by intratracheal administration of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) plus ferric oxide (Fe2O3) in vivo. Studies with toyocamycin, actinomycin D, and alpha-amanitin, all inhibitors of RNA metabolism, were performed to characterize the class of RNA molecules with a decreased proportion of labeling in tracheas from vitamin A deficient hamsters. In another series of experiments, BP was shown to bind to DNA in epithelial cells of isolated tracheas. The quantity of BP binding was increased by prior intratracheal treatment of hamsters with BP plus Fe2O3 in vivo, this induced binding was inhibited by addition of 7,8-benzoflavone to the incubation medium. Increased BP binding was also observed in isolated tracheas from hamsters believed to be in states of increased susceptibility to respiratory carcinogenesis in vivo. The results show that biochemical studies are feasible with this tissue. Furthermore, a number of questions of importance with regard to this target epithelium are best studied directly in its constituent cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017424"}
{"pmid": "1017425", "title": "Labelling and metabolism of methionine-methyl-11 C.", "content": "Labelling and metabolism of methionine-methyl-11 C. Carbon 11 which is a 20.4 minutes half life isotope emitting positrons was used for methionine labelling on the methyl group by action of 11C-methyl-iodide on DL or L homocysteine. With the method described, 20 to 30 mCi of 11C-methyl-methionine (Specific activity 50 mCi/muM) may be obtained within 25 minutes. The 20 Mev proton beam used for 11C production was 10 muA. The metabolism of 11C methionine studied on mice shows a high uptake in pancreas and to a smaller extent in brain. On humans sequential images were obtained at the head level which allowed measurement of the uptake of the radio-labelled compound in the brain so as to study the radioactivity curve in different parts of the organ.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017425"}
{"pmid": "1017426", "title": "Experience with 201 thallium in detection of myocardial infarction.", "content": "Experience with 201 thallium in detection of myocardial infarction. Our preliminary experimental and clinical results with 201Tl myocardial scanning are presented. 48 patients with normal coronary vessels, acute trasmural myocardial infarction, localized and diffuse coronary heart diseases and congestive myocardiopathy were investigated. Results of scans and the usual cardiological investigations were in good agreement thus justifying further use of 201Tl myocardial scintigraphy as an adjunctive method in cardiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017426"}
{"pmid": "1017427", "title": "The uptake of gallium 67 in colonic macrophages.", "content": "The uptake of gallium 67 in colonic macrophages. A case is presented in which a patient with a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma showed high gallium concentration in the segment with melanosis coli proximal to the obstruction. Although in this case the Gallium was associated with an increased number of faecal pigment containing macrophages it is unlikely that macrophages are the main factor in tumour uptake of Gallium compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017427"}
{"pmid": "1017428", "title": "Technetium-99m-sulfur colloid. In vitro studies of various commercial kits.", "content": "Technetium-99m-sulfur colloid. In vitro studies of various commercial kits. The quality of five commercial 99mTc-sulfur colloid kits was compared. A number of chemical parameters, which characterize the colloids, was used in order to study the influence of variations in the preparation procedures and storage of the final products. The differences between the kits could mainly be referred to the order of addition of the reagents. The quality was generally unaffected by variations in time-intervals during preparation. However, a certain heating time was necessary for optimal labeling. Variations in quantities of acid and buffer were found to influence the particle size as well as the content of unreacted pertechnetate. No deterioration in quality by storage was observed; on the contrary in some cases the content of free activity decreased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017428"}
{"pmid": "1017430", "title": "Trace elements analysis in biological samples by radioisotopic x-ray fluorescence.", "content": "Trace elements analysis in biological samples by radioisotopic x-ray fluorescence. The X-ray fluorescence technique, induced by radioisotopic sources, provides a very simple method for the simultaneous analysis of trace elements in biological samples. For blood, serum, platelets, etc., samples of about 0.1 ml were deposited on filter paper disks, dried, and analyzed. In such a way the \"thin specimen\" approximation is realized, resulting in the following advantages: The X-ray intensity of a given element is a liner function of mass per unit area over several orders of magnitude. Interelement effects became negligible. The ratio of fluorescent X-rays to scattered radiation is increased. The sensitivity of the technique for elements with atomic number ranging from about 20-92 varies from some units to some tens of parts per million by weight in 100 s measuring time, by using a gas proportional counter, and from about some tenths to some parts per million by using an X-ray semiconductor detector, in a measuring time of 10(3)-10(4)s. In such a way and with the described features, the Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br content of several speciments of blood and serum was determined. Measurements were further carried out in order to labelling blood components with stable tracers and to detect their concentration by means of the X-ray fluorescence technique. The life span of platelets was, for example, measured after labelling platelets with stable Selenocystine. The sensitivity of the XRF technique can further be enhanced by about three orders of magnitude by using a pre-enrichment step with ion-exchange resins and liquid volumes not lower than 500 ml. Urine analyses have been carried in such a way, and copper in about 20 ml serum after selective extraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017430"}
{"pmid": "1017429", "title": "Specificity of immunoassays. I. Effect of plasma proteins on the specificity of steroid immunoassay.", "content": "Specificity of immunoassays. I. Effect of plasma proteins on the specificity of steroid immunoassay. The theory of the measurement of the specificity of antigen binding by antibodies is reviewed. The specificity of steroid immunoassay has been investigated using a new solid phase radioimmunoassay system. The effects of plasma proteins on the specificity of the immunoassays have been tested. The methods used and the conclusions reached have been tested with homogeneous antibodies in order to simplify the interpretation of the results obtained. A new criterium of antibody homogeneity is proposed. The importance of correcting all results accurately for \"non-specific binding\" is emphasised. A new method for plotting radioimmunoassay standard curves is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017429"}
{"pmid": "1017431", "title": "Radioisotope X-ray fluorescence technique in the dynamic study of thyroid behaviour under iodine load.", "content": "Radioisotope X-ray fluorescence technique in the dynamic study of thyroid behaviour under iodine load.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017431"}
{"pmid": "1017432", "title": "A rational approach toward determining the candidacy of the prostatic cancer patient for cryoimmunotherapy: an interim report.", "content": "A rational approach toward determining the candidacy of the prostatic cancer patient for cryoimmunotherapy: an interim report. While receiving only cursory attention compared to that of other malignant neoplasms, studies of patients with prostatic cancer have suggested that host responses, mediated in part by immunobiologic factors, may play a significant role in the pathogenesis and thus, the therapeutic management of this disease. For nearly a decade cryosurgery has gradually attained some degree of acceptance as one of the efficacious treatment modalities available in the therapeutic armamentarium for prostatic cancer. In addition to the localized destruction of the primary tumour, reports of secondary tumour cell destruction, i.e. of distant metastases, have supported the suggestion that cryosurgery, as documented in various animal species, may also be immunopotentiating in man. Although our understanding of immunopotentiation of the host's response to tumour via cryosurgery is far from complete, information derived from experimental studies demonstrating that the developement of an immunologic response following cryosurgery of the prostate may be attributed to androgenically and ontogenically dependent autoantigens may have clinical relevance. This together with knowledge that in the therapeutic management of the patient with prostatic cancer we are confronted with the treatment of an individual who, in the majority of cases, possesses waning immunocompetence, emphasizes the potential significance of evaluating what may be referred to as the 'cryosensitivity' of the prospective cryosurgical patient. At present this 'cryosensitivity' may be said to be dependent upon: (1) concentration of prostatic tissue [secretory(tumour?)]-specific or tumour-associated auto-(neo?) antigen(s); (2) physiologic state (elaboration of androgen), and (3) immunocompetence. It is hopeful that evaluation of these parameters may provide a rational approach toward determining the acceptability of cryosurgery as the treatment of choice in a given patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017432"}
{"pmid": "1017433", "title": "Inactivation of 5-fluorouracil by the liver during continuous regional and systemic infusion in pigs.", "content": "Inactivation of 5-fluorouracil by the liver during continuous regional and systemic infusion in pigs. During continuous systemic or portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) to anaesthetized pigs, the cytostatic activity was reduced in blood traversing the liver. The liver eliminated between 15 and 50% of the amount 5-FU given per time unit. During jugular infusion the concentration of cytostatic compounds in portal blood was equal to or less than in systemic blood. The cytostatic activity was much higher in portal blood and lower in systemic blood during portal infusion. The findings speak in favour of portal infusions of 5-FU to patients with disseminated cancer in the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017433"}
{"pmid": "1017435", "title": "Survival in burned mice after treatment with tryglycylvasopressin.", "content": "Survival in burned mice after treatment with tryglycylvasopressin. Standardized skin burn injuries were induced in 253 NMRI mice. The burned surface corresponded to 15% of the total surface of a 25-gram mouse. All animals received intraperitoneal injection of an isotonic saline solution in a dose of 20% of body weight/day for 5 days. The material was divided into three groups, i.e. group A (controls) which received no further treatment, groups B and C which, in addition, received triglycylvasopressin (a vasopressin with prolonged effect) 100 and 200 mug/kg body weight, respectively, subcutaneously twice a day. The highest survival rate was registered in group B (61%), while the controls had a survival of 36%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017435"}
{"pmid": "1017434", "title": "The effects of transections on the basic electrical rhythm in the canine jejunum.", "content": "The effects of transections on the basic electrical rhythm in the canine jejunum. The basic electrical rhythm (BER) was studied in situ in the jejunum in 14 anaesthetized mongrel dogs by the mean six monopolar electrodes. The BER frequency was measured in the intact intestine and after proximal and distal transections of the gut 5 cm apart from the electrodes. No significant differences were found between the BER frequencies recorded by each electrode, demonstrating the existence of a frequency plateau which remained after each transection. In the intact intestine the frequency in the plateau was 13.2 +/- 0.3 cpm2. After the proximal transection, this frequency dropped to 12.0 +/- 0.4 cpm (p less than 0.05) and, after the distal transection, it dropped to 10.9 +/- 0.4 cpm (p less than 0.005). This last frequency change shows the influence of the distal intestine on the electrical behaviour of the jejunum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017434"}
{"pmid": "1017436", "title": "Pancreatic metabolic rate measured in vivo with heat-accumulation technique.", "content": "Pancreatic metabolic rate measured in vivo with heat-accumulation technique. This study is the first attempt to apply the heat-accumulation technique for metabolic studies to the pancreas. The initial temperature rise during arterial occlusion was measured with thermocouples sutured into the pancreas of seven anaesthetized pigs. Temperature recording were obtained during alterations of the metabolism induced by infusions of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and sodium cyanide (NaCN) into the pancreatic head. DNP 2.0 mg/min almost doubled, and NaCN 0.6 mg/min reduced the heat accumulation rate to one half of control. In four pigs the metabolism was estimated by measurements of oxygen consumption in an isolated in situ preparation of the pancreatic head. Median metabolic rate in the unstimulated gland was 0.09 cal/cm3-min. Metabolic rate estimated by heat-accumulation technique in a similar situation was 0.11 cal/cm3-min. The method is considered useful for evaluation of relative variations of pancreatic metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017436"}
{"pmid": "1017437", "title": "Memory and blood pressure in the aged.", "content": "Memory and blood pressure in the aged. Memory loss, as measured by the Wechsler Memory scale was examined as a function of diastolic blood pressure during a 6.5-year follow-up period among individuals initially tested in their 60's. On the initial testing, memory was not related to blood pressure. At the end of the follow-up period, the hypertensives showed greater impairment in memory for nonverbal material involving time limits and a psychomotor component than did their age peers with normotensive and borderline elevations of blood pressure. The hypertensives' poor performance, however, was found only on specific sub-task items and appeared not to be influenced by item difficulty alone but rather by other performance factors such as difficulty in deciding what to do, understanding test instructions, or state anxiety associated with the testing situation. Memory for highly meaningful verbal material was not related to blood pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017437"}
{"pmid": "1017438", "title": "Biogenic amines in the Caenorhabditis briggsae.", "content": "Biogenic amines in the Caenorhabditis briggsae. Dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine and serotonin were demonstrated from homogenates of Caenrohabditis briggsae by two-dimensional thin layer chromotography and the identification confirmed by gas liquid chromtography. In Vitro studies with 14C precursors of these biogenic amines demonstrate the ability of C. briggsae to synthesize each compound. The results provide required preliminary data for studying the neurophysiology of aging utilizing the nematode as a model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017438"}
{"pmid": "1017439", "title": "Age differences in learning and memory on a digit-symbol substitution task.", "content": "Age differences in learning and memory on a digit-symbol substitution task. Fifteen young (18 to 28 years) and fifteen old (65 to 75 years) persons were given ten 30-second trials on a modified Digit-Symbol task. Both immediate and delayed (24-hour) recall and recognition measures were used to determine how well they remembered the digit-symbol pairs. Both age groups showed similar, significantly improvement over the 10 trials, although the performance level of the young group was higher throughout. The young group showed significantly higher recall and recognition (both immediate and delayed) for the digit-symbol pairs and were more likely to report the use of mnemonic techniques in learning the pairs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017439"}
{"pmid": "1017440", "title": "Disparate time spans in sequential studies of aging.", "content": "Disparate time spans in sequential studies of aging. In several published studies of intelligence and adult age, a sequential design was used in which birth cohort and time of measurement were the independent variables in an ANOVA. The time span of these two variables were quite disparate; the cohort variable covered about 50 years whereas the time-of-measurement variable covered 7 or 14 years. It was demonstrated here that when time spans are disparate, even when all differences are attributable entirely to age changes, the F values typically will be larger for the cohort variable and errors in interpretations became likely. When cohort differences are statistically significant and time-of-measurement differences are not, the conclusion that age differences are \"generational\" and not due to age changes within individuals may be wrong.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017440"}
{"pmid": "1017441", "title": "Health status as a variable in aging research.", "content": "Health status as a variable in aging research. Findings from several studies bearing on the association between disease and age-associated behavior changes were briefly reviewed in order to stress the need for health assessment in gerontological psychology research. Despite the evidence favoring the need for health assessment such procedures have generally not been undertaken. Implications for experimental aging research were discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017441"}
{"pmid": "1017442", "title": "Partitioning chi-square the analysis of contingency tables with repeated measurements.", "content": "Partitioning chi-square the analysis of contingency tables with repeated measurements. Categorical variables are commonly used in gerontological research. Although analysis of such variables presents no problem as long as the observations are independent, problems do arise when they are found in a design with repeated measurements. In this paper, two procedures from the statistics literature are combined to provide an analysis for data from a mixture of between and within categorical variables. First, a response pattern is used to form a contingency table with observations which are completely independent. Next, the Pearson chi-square statistic from the table is partitioned to provide tests analogous to simple effects in analysis of variance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017442"}
{"pmid": "1017443", "title": "\"Attitudes\" toward the elderly: a comparison of measures.", "content": "\"Attitudes\" toward the elderly: a comparison of measures. College students were presented five questionnaires traditionally used to assess attitudes toward old people. The intercorrelations among the measures were low, accounting for no more than 24% of the variance between any two measures. The results suggest that the measures are not equivalent; it was argued that the practice of utilizing a single instrument to measure attitudes toward the elderly may contribute to inconsistencies reported in the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017443"}
{"pmid": "1017444", "title": "Age differences in cognition in healthy educated men: a factor analysis of experimental measures.", "content": "Age differences in cognition in healthy educated men: a factor analysis of experimental measures. Performance measures for a wide variety of cognitive laboratory tasks were factor analyzed, and the factors were identifiable as aspects of cognitive processing. The sample consisted of 96 healthy, educated men whose ages ranged from 20 to 80 yr. The factors were identified as speed of information processing, secondary memory, attention, and primary processing efficiency. Factor scores for each factor were correlated with age; r = -0.35, -0.30, -0.40, and -0.15 respectively, with better performance associated with lower age. The sample was divided into subsamples of 32 young (20-39), 32 middle (40-59), and 32 old (60-80) subjects; and each subsample was factor-analyzed separately to determine whether the factor structure was similar for all age groups. Evidence for factor-structure invariance with adult age was found in that all four factors in the primary analysis were identifiable in each of the age subsamples. The findings are consistent with a model of continual cognitive decline with age in healthy, educated adult males.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017444"}
{"pmid": "1017445", "title": "Age and tachistoscopic perception.", "content": "Age and tachistoscopic perception. A perception experiment involving tachistoscopic exposures of 10 alphabetic characters was conducted in order to answer the following questions. Do young and old adult subjects exhibit performance differences in tachistoscopic perception which involves the earliest stages of information processing; and, if so, what is the nature of these differences? The answer to the first part of the question was a clear and definite yes. Old adult subjects were found to perform at a significantly lower level than younger adult subjects in nearly all measures of perceptual performance. With respect to the second part of the question, both strategy and capacity differences were found to be responsible for the poorer performance of the older subjects. The older subjects used a suboptimal performance strategy more frequently, and were apparently slower at processing visual information than younger subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017445"}
{"pmid": "1017446", "title": "Aging and in vivo norepinephrine-uptake in mammalian brain.", "content": "Aging and in vivo norepinephrine-uptake in mammalian brain. In order to examine the cellular effect of aging in the central nervous system, the regional distribution and the dynamic aspects of catecholamine metabolism in the brain were investigated. Results indicated that the endogenous norepinephrine (NE) content is lower in hypothalamus and brain stem of older rats (25 mo. n = 6) than younger rats (12 mo. n = 6). We have also observed in these animals that the age pigments were apparently absent in the brain tissue of young rats but become a very distinct feature for the old rats and that the catecholamine strong vesicles appear to be less dense in the nerve terminals of old as compared with the young ones. 3H-NE was administered intracerebrally to mice of different age groups (4, 8, 12, 21 and 24 months) and the NE-uptake activity was examined by measuring the radioactive NE inside the isolated synaptosomes 5 min after 3H-NE injection. The result indicated that the young group (4 mo) has highest uptake activity. The uptake activity decrease with the older mice and reached the lowest in the age group of 21-24 mo. The decrease in NE-uptake activity may be related to the deterioration of synaptosomal membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017446"}
{"pmid": "1017447", "title": "Growth, development and activity in rat offspring following maternal drug exposure.", "content": "Growth, development and activity in rat offspring following maternal drug exposure. Seventy-nine Sprague-Dawley derived primimparous rats were injected subcutaneously throughout pregnancy and the nursing period with either (1) 30 mg/kg of pure nicotine, (2) 5.0 mg/kg methamphetamine HCL, (3) saline vehicle, or, (4) non-injected. Vital and developmental measures were taken on the offspring throughout the nursing period and for one additional week. Metamphetamine-injected females had a shorter, and nicotine-injected females a longer gestational period, and both gained less weight over the 21-day period than the control groups. The pups of methamphetamine and nicotine dams were significantly underweight at birth and the 28 day postnatal period and exhibited developmental delay. Male offspring were divided into behavioral, aging, and autopsy on Day 28. Male offspring of methamphetamine-injected dams remained significantly lighter in weight for the first 15 months of life (aging groups). Their counterparts in the behavioral groups and the offspring of non-injected dams exhibited significantly greater activity for eight of the first twelve monthly assessments which began at 90 days of age. Additional vital, performance, and sensory measures will continue throughout the lifespan of the animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017447"}
{"pmid": "1017448", "title": "Age, sex and genotype effects on stimulus exploration and locomotor activity in young mice.", "content": "Age, sex and genotype effects on stimulus exploration and locomotor activity in young mice. Age and sex effects on stimulus exploration and locomotor activity were investigated in three genetic stocks of mice. Three measures of exploratory behavior and one measure of locomotor activity were recorded in an arena testing situation. The results showed that measures requiring locomotor activity are more affected by differences in age and sex than measures of stimulus exploration. The results are discussed in terms of the previously established genetic models of stimulus exploration and activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017448"}
{"pmid": "1017449", "title": "Matching, the null hypothesis and the aging variable: would the real age effect please stand up.", "content": "Matching, the null hypothesis and the aging variable: would the real age effect please stand up. The concepts of hypothesis testing and maching are discussed in terms of their relationship to the findings of no age differences and sample bias, respectively. Suggestions are also offered concerned statistical substitutes for more rigid experimental controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017449"}
{"pmid": "1017450", "title": "Age-related increase of cuticle permeability in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae.", "content": "Age-related increase of cuticle permeability in the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae. The external cuticular surface of nematodes, which resembles cellular membranes in certain ways, appears to deteriorate with age. For example, when the permeabilities to radioactive water of young and old nematodes were compared, and the data were corrected for the different surface: volume ratios, the older nematodes were significantly more permeable. In both living and dead nematodes, the same rates of water exchange were observed, indicating that the major route of exchange was probably by passive diffusion through the cuticle rather than by active processes such as swallowing or excreting water.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017450"}
{"pmid": "1017452", "title": "The effect of age on the speed of sentence formation and incidental learning.", "content": "The effect of age on the speed of sentence formation and incidental learning. To test the hypothesis that older persons tend not to use verbal mediators in paired-associate learning because it takes them too long to form an appropriate mediator, the time needed by young and old subjects to generate sentences incorporating given pairs of nouns was measured. Older subjects formed sentences just as rapidly as did the young. Despite their equivalent speed in creating these verbal associations when tested later for the occurrence of incidental learning of the noun pairs, the older subjects showed much poorer recall than did the younger subjects. This age difference in learning did not appear to be a function of any major dissimilarities in the generated sentences themselves, i.e., in the grammatical constructions used, or in the imageability of the relationships expressed by the sentences. The rated imagery value of the stimulus nouns was found to affect both the speed of sentence formation and the accuracy of incidental learning; in both younger and older subjects, formation time was less, and recall was better for the high imagery noun pairs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017452"}
{"pmid": "1017451", "title": "The relationship of scoring treatment and age in perceptual-integrative performance.", "content": "The relationship of scoring treatment and age in perceptual-integrative performance. The present study was designed to reexamine the hypothesis that timed perceptual-integrative performance tests are negatively biased measures of the abilities of the elderly. Unlike an earlier study by Doppelt and Wallace (1955) which did not support this hypothesis, the current study consisted of a college-age group in addition to the elderly group, and also included an additional scoring treatment. Each subject was tested with the WAIS Block Design and Object Assembly. Tests were scored in three ways: (1) Standard scoring (WAIS Manual); (2) \"regular\" scoring (timed, omitting bonus points); (3) \"Irregular\" scoring (untimed, omitting bonus points). For both tests, Age, Scoring, and the Age by Scoring ineraction were significant. Post hoc analyses for significant effects suggest that the elderly are helped most by additional solution time, whereas younger adults derive greater benefits from the bonus points for quick performance. The results also suggest that subjects must be of sufficiently high ability to effectively use increased or unlimited solution time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017451"}
{"pmid": "1017453", "title": "Differences in the sequential integration of form as a function of age and interstimulus interval.", "content": "Differences in the sequential integration of form as a function of age and interstimulus interval. The sequential integration of visual stimuli was studied in 12 young (18-28 years) and 12 old (51-62 years) men and women. Stimuli were constructed as corresponding word halves and inter-stimulus intervals (ISI's) of varied duration (0-150 msec.) were introduced between the presentation of the two halves. Correct word identification was found to be an inverse function of ISI for both young and old subjects. The number of stimuli correctly identified was significantly lower for the older subjects at all levels of ISI. None of the interactions of age, sex, and ISI was significant. The data appear to question the \"stimulus persistence\" model as applied to age differences in the temporal organization of form.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017453"}
{"pmid": "1017454", "title": "Speed and age: multiple rates of age decline.", "content": "Speed and age: multiple rates of age decline. There is frequent reference in the literature on aging and performance to the \"slowing with age phenomenon\". If there truly is one \"slowing with age\" phenomenon, then all activities requiring speeded performance should decline with age at approximately the same rate. This report compares relative rates of age decline in several speeded physical activities ranging from simple reaction time to long distance running events. The activities differ in the rate of slowing with those requiring a greater muscular involvement or more stamina exhibiting the steepest declines. It is concluded that when one refers to slowing with age it is necessary to be quite specific about the activity to which one is referring because different activities decline at different rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017454"}
{"pmid": "1017455", "title": "Attrition in a longitudinal study of an aged population.", "content": "Attrition in a longitudinal study of an aged population. This report focuses upon attrition in longitudinal studies of older persons using a Florida survey as an illustration. In 1959 interviews were completed with a probability sample (N = 2544) of older noninstutionalized residents (age 65+) of a retirement community. Data were collected on health status, health practices, social factors, and activities. Nine years later a follow-up study of the same sample was undertaken. In this report 1959 data for 2497 of these persons are analyzed by results of the 1968 effort (reinterviewed, lost to follow-up, or deceased). About one third of this highly migratory sample could not be located in 1968; death certificates were located for another one third; and the remaining one third was reinterviewed. Social characteristics, housing arrangements, activities, and chronic conditions of the three subpopulations are compared. Persons reinterviewed were found to differ from dropouts in age, sex, type of dwelling unit, activity patterns, and prevalence of chronic conditions. No significant differences were found in educational level, household composition, usual occupation, and retirement status (when controlled for sex).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017455"}
{"pmid": "1017456", "title": "Thresholds of food odors in the elderly.", "content": "Thresholds of food odors in the elderly. Thresholds for nine food odors were found for two groups of subjects, young and elderly. Dravniek's dynamic triangle olfactometer, which employs the forced-choice, triangle principle and controls for guessing was used. Elderly subjects were found to have a considerably reduced sensitivity to these odors compared with young subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017456"}
{"pmid": "1017457", "title": "Relationship between central and autonomic nervous system activity: correlates of psychomotor performance in elderly men.", "content": "Relationship between central and autonomic nervous system activity: correlates of psychomotor performance in elderly men. The relationship between heart rate deceleration (HRD) and the contingent negative variation (CNV) was evaluated in 12 healthy, elderly men during performance of a signaled reaction time task. While amplitude of the CNV and HRD did parallel RT, CNV alone was found to be predictive of individual differences in speed of response indicating that phasic concordance of these physiological responses is probably not an important factor in age changes in RT. The results indicate the probable importance of central physiological indices such as the CNV over peripheral events such as HRD in the evaluation of RT performance in elderly individuals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017457"}
{"pmid": "1017458", "title": "Ethanol preference in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice at three ages and eight ethanol concentrations.", "content": "Ethanol preference in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice at three ages and eight ethanol concentrations. Eight ethanol concentrations (4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18%) were used. A reduction in ethanol preference with increasing age was seen in the C57BL/6 mice, but not in the BALB/c animals. For C57BL/6 mice the largest difference in ethanol preference occurred between the 10% and 18% ethanol solutions. It was found that the ethanol preference of the 14-16 mo. C57BL/6 mice was similar to the 7-9 mo. old C57BL/6 mice at the first 5 concentrations. For the remaining concentrations the 14-16 mo. mice more closely resembled the 22-24 mo. mice in ethanol preference. The results of this study suggested that increased age does not simply result in a reduction in ethanol preference, but is a function of the genotype and concentration of the ethanol solution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017458"}
{"pmid": "1017459", "title": "The relationship of task reinforcement to personal loss themes revealed in earliest memories of elderly subjects.", "content": "The relationship of task reinforcement to personal loss themes revealed in earliest memories of elderly subjects. Institutionalization of the aged has been viewed as an environmental stressor, producing covert negative affect which is manifest as personal loss themes in the individual's earliest memories. It was hypothesized that reinforcement given for a cognitive task would produce a positive emotional response in the individual and result in decreased personal loss feelings. Subjects were 64 elderly persons (aged 65-88); half of each sex, half nursing home and half community residents, half receiving reinforcement and half receiving none. Subjects' earliest memories were scored for personal loss themes. Significant findings were that among subjects who were reinforced, those in the community had higher loss scores than those in the nursing home; there was no difference in loss scores between community and nursing residents who had not been reinforced. Among community subjects, those who were reinforced had significantly higher loss scores than those who were not; the opposite tendency was observed in nursing home subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017459"}
{"pmid": "1017460", "title": "Misuse of analysis of covariance in aging research revisited.", "content": "Misuse of analysis of covariance in aging research revisited. Storandt and Hudson's treatment of the issue of which general linear model technique is preferable to use when age effects are confounded is misleading. Contrary to their position that hierarchical ANOVA or step-wise multiple regression is superior to ANCOVA, it is demonstrated, using hypothetical data, that identical amounts of variance can be explained by ANCOVA relative to hierarchical ANOVA and multiple regression. Multiple regression is recommended as the most appropriate technique for a variety of pragmatic reasons concerning calculation of significance tests, the distinction between gross and net effects, and the choice of the metric used in measurement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017460"}
{"pmid": "1017461", "title": "Monetary incentive, age, and cognition.", "content": "Monetary incentive, age, and cognition. Results from studies of cohort differences suggest that older and younger volunteers may differ in aspects other than age. In this study subjects, who had or had not been promised $10.00 payment for their participation, were compared on certain personality and intelligence factors. No differences between incentive conditions were observed for 2466 potential subjects on willingness to participate, nor for 591 subjects eventually tested on their scores on the Primary Mental Abilities Test, the Test of Behavioral Rigidity and Cattell's 16 PF. However, differences by incentive condition were observed on the intercorrelation matrices for women on Form B of the 16 PF. Results of these analyses suggest that, with few exceptions, supplying a monetary incentive to induce subjects to participate in a study does not significantly alter the characteristics of a volunteer sample with regard to age or sex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017461"}
{"pmid": "1017462", "title": "Aging effects on hypothalamic dopamine and norepinephrine content in the male rat.", "content": "Aging effects on hypothalamic dopamine and norepinephrine content in the male rat. Hypothalamic content of dopamine and norepinephrine was measured in young (4 mo) and aged (24-26 mo) male rats by aluminum oxide adsorption and microfluorescence. Hypothalamic content of both dopamine and norepinephrine was significantly less in aged than in the young groups. Average dopamine content of the young and aged groups was 32.5 +/- 9.3 and 15.6 +/- 2.5 ng/hypothalamus, respectively. Norepinephrine content averaged 47.6 +/- 10.7 and 22.8 +/- 1.8 ng/hypothalamus in the young and aged groups. These data suggested that alterations in hypothalamic catecholamine function contribute to changes in endocrine control mechanisms during aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017462"}
{"pmid": "1017463", "title": "Trithiozine (ISF 2001): gastric antisecretory effects and treatment of peptic ulcer.", "content": "Trithiozine (ISF 2001): gastric antisecretory effects and treatment of peptic ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017463"}
{"pmid": "1017464", "title": "Metabolism of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in rats.", "content": "Metabolism of carbamazepine-10,11-epoxide in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017464"}
{"pmid": "1017466", "title": "Radiopaque contrast media. XLI-Isolation and identification of the metabolites of iopronic acid in the rat.", "content": "Radiopaque contrast media. XLI-Isolation and identification of the metabolites of iopronic acid in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017466"}
{"pmid": "1017467", "title": "Radiopaque contrast media. XLII-Metabolism of iopronic acid in human.", "content": "Radiopaque contrast media. XLII-Metabolism of iopronic acid in human.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017467"}
{"pmid": "1017465", "title": "Radiopaque contrast media. XL- Isolation and identification of the metabolites of iopronic acid in the urine and bile of the dog.", "content": "Radiopaque contrast media. XL- Isolation and identification of the metabolites of iopronic acid in the urine and bile of the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017465"}
{"pmid": "1017470", "title": "Experimental EEG study on central effects of propranolol.", "content": "Experimental EEG study on central effects of propranolol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017470"}
{"pmid": "1017472", "title": "The effect of compression force on the characteristics of coated acetylsalicyclic acid tablets.", "content": "The effect of compression force on the characteristics of coated acetylsalicyclic acid tablets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017472"}
{"pmid": "1017474", "title": "Dissolution and enzymatic hydrolysis of chloramphenicol palmitic and stearic esters.", "content": "Dissolution and enzymatic hydrolysis of chloramphenicol palmitic and stearic esters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017474"}
{"pmid": "1017475", "title": "The functional capacity of the isolated perfused rat liver in relation to the colloidal-osmotic composition of the perfusion medium.", "content": "The functional capacity of the isolated perfused rat liver in relation to the colloidal-osmotic composition of the perfusion medium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017475"}
{"pmid": "1017478", "title": "O- and N-alkylation with \"Meerwein's reagent\": the unusual behaviour of two lactams.", "content": "O- and N-alkylation with \"Meerwein's reagent\": the unusual behaviour of two lactams. Usually tertiary oxonium salts are excellent O-alkylating agents of lactams; in some cases indiscriminate O- and N-alkylations have been described. In this paper the particular behaviour towards Meerwein's reagent of two isomers with a lactamic structure is pointed out: in one case the usual O-alkylation occurs, in the other N-alkylation is the only reaction that takes place.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017478"}
{"pmid": "1017482", "title": "Structure-activity relationship for antitumor thiosemicarbazones.", "content": "Structure-activity relationship for antitumor thiosemicarbazones. The in vitro antitumore activity of a series of thiosemicarbazones was studied by means of the Free-Wilson method. Both lipophilic and electronic effects are shown to play an important role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017482"}
{"pmid": "1017484", "title": "Derivatives of 2H,3H-benzimidazo(1,2-b)oxazole.", "content": "Derivatives of 2H,3H-benzimidazo(1,2-b)oxazole. The Authors report the synthesis and chemical properties of a number of derivatives of 2H,3H-benzimidazo(1,2-b)oxazole. These substances were prepared in order to investigate their pharmacological activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017484"}
{"pmid": "1017483", "title": "Antimycotic activity in vitro and in vivo of a new hydrosoluble polyene antibiotic.", "content": "Antimycotic activity in vitro and in vivo of a new hydrosoluble polyene antibiotic. The in vitro and in vivo activity of a new water soluble polyene antibiotic, anmed SPA-S-222, has been studied on numerous Candida and Cryptococcus species. The in vitro tests were carried out in comparison with nystatin and amphotericin B whose antimycotic properties are already well known. The inhibition of \"germination\" of various strains of Candida albicans was also investigated. The results show that SPA-S-222 has greater antimycotic activity than nystatin or amphotericin B. Tests on the protection afforded by SPA-S-222 in Swiss albino mice infected with C, albicans were satisfactory as regards both the total protective dose and the partial protective dose (P.D. 50%).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017483"}
{"pmid": "1017487", "title": "Biological activities of a new specific stimulant of histamine H2 receptors.", "content": "Biological activities of a new specific stimulant of histamine H2 receptors. Compound N-methyl-2-(5-methyl-4-imidazolyl)ethylamine (5-methyl-N-methylhistamine) was submitted to a thorough pharmacological examination and was found to be a potent stimulant of H2 receptors, devoid of any appreciable effect on H1 receptors. Because of its high degree of specificity it therefore seems to represent an interesting drug to be used in clinical gastric secretory tests and an useful tool for the study of histamine H2 receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017487"}
{"pmid": "1017517", "title": "Monitoring emergency nutrition programmes in India.", "content": "Monitoring emergency nutrition programmes in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017517"}
{"pmid": "1017518", "title": "Nutrition education at the village level.", "content": "Nutrition education at the village level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017518"}
{"pmid": "1017519", "title": "Benin: nutritional considerations on trace elements in the diet.", "content": "Benin: nutritional considerations on trace elements in the diet. The increasing use of the atomic absorption technique makes it possible to study man's trace-element requirements with a very accurate methodology. Some of these elements are present in the daily diet in minute quantities of micrograms which are, however, indispensable for the proper functioning of the body. But apart from such trace quantities present in conditions which are not affected by abnormal environmental concentration, there may be situations in which trace-element levels in foods and diets reach very high values. If very high, the levels may expose a population to the risk of toxicity; on the other hand, they may lead to wrong interpretations of trace-element requirements because they may lead the nutritionist to regard some high values as normal levels and therefore appropriate for meeting man's requirements. Inversely, they may also induce the nutritionist to regard lower values as unsatisfactory. Therefore, since these environmental factors, which are not always identifiable, can induce erroneous judgements due to overestimation of the requirements, it would seem appropriate, if figures on the total supplies of the diet are to be used, to refer to the tabled values of the individual foods of the diet, rather than to analyses of the whole diet ready for consumption. In fact, an abnormally high or low value of a trace element of any single food of a food composition table would have little influence on the calculation of the total supply of the diet, whereas the use of values obtained from meals which have been exposed to contamination during technological processes(e.g., through the cooking water of foods or cooking utensils) may result in overestimation. However, the analysis of global diets seems to be the method of choice in toxicological research, because in this type of investigations the basic elements of an evaluation often derive indeed from abnormal conditions identified at consumer level. Regarding the importance of copper and iron in haematopoiesis, the following hypotheses can be put forward: (a) In the haematopoietic phenomena occurring in intrauterine life, copper seems to play a role equal to that of iron, and perhaps even more important. (b) This role does not seem to be an autonomous one, but is mediated by availability of serum globulin to the child. In other words, this hypothesis relates the problem more generally to the protein nutrition of mother and foetus...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017519"}
{"pmid": "1017526", "title": "Role of keratinases in dermatophytosis. IV. Reactivities of sera from guinea pigs with heat-inactivated keratinase II.", "content": "Role of keratinases in dermatophytosis. IV. Reactivities of sera from guinea pigs with heat-inactivated keratinase II. Complement-fixing antibodies to the heat-inactivated keratinase II of Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. granulosum were detectable in sera from approximately 40% of the Hartley strain guinea pigs previously infected with this dermatophyte. However, no precipitating antibodies to the heat-inactivated keratinase II were detectable in these sera. Guinea pigs immunized with the heat-inactivated keratinase II had both complement-fixing and precipitating antibodies to the keratinase II. Circulating antibodies in sera from both the infected and the immunized guinea pigs also reacted with the active keratinase II but did not inhibit its proteolytic activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017526"}
{"pmid": "1017528", "title": "Treatment of vitiligo with oral corticosteroids.", "content": "Treatment of vitiligo with oral corticosteroids. 17 patients with generalized vitiligo and 5 patients with localized vitiligo were treated with oral corticosteroids. Six patients with generalized vitiligo showed over 75% repigmentation in at least one of the patches. Two patients with generalized vitiligo and 1 patient with localized vitiligo showed a partial repigmentation of 25-75%, while 5 patients with generalized vitiligo and 1 patient with localized vitiligo showed a minimal repigmentation of less than 25%. Four patients with generalized vitiligo and 3 patients with localized vitiligo failed to respond. Repigmentation became evident within 4 weeks in most cases, and in general was more markedly noted in exposed areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017528"}
{"pmid": "1017529", "title": "Pyoderma gangrenosum with Koebner effect and Mondor's disease in the same patient.", "content": "Pyoderma gangrenosum with Koebner effect and Mondor's disease in the same patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017529"}
{"pmid": "1017530", "title": "Lymphangioma circumscriptum of the tongue.", "content": "Lymphangioma circumscriptum of the tongue. A case is reported of severe transient macroglossia after biopsy from the tongue in a 13-year-old boy who has had intermittent macroglossia since the age of 1 year as a result of extensive lymphangioma circumscriptum of the tongue. The acute lesions appear to result from haemorrhage into the lymphatic spaces following rupture of blood vessels in connective tissue septa and possibly secondary infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017530"}
{"pmid": "1017531", "title": "Generalized granuloma anulare in a 15-month-old infant.", "content": "Generalized granuloma anulare in a 15-month-old infant. A Japanese girl aged 15 months had an eruption of 3 months' duration on the face, trunk, and extremities except for the palms and soles. The lesions were infiltrated papules varying from 2 to 3 mm in diameter. Blood eosinophilia of 5% was demonstrated. Skin biopsy specimen revealed a necrobiotic palisading granuloma in the corium. All lesions began to subside after 1 weeks' administration of oral corticosteroid and completely involuted in 2 months. A possible etiologic role of insect bites was considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017531"}
{"pmid": "1017534", "title": "Diffuse biphasic amyloidosis.", "content": "Diffuse biphasic amyloidosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017534"}
{"pmid": "1017533", "title": "Onset of the vasoconstrictor effect of diflucortolone valerate, betamethasone valerate, and fluocinolone acetonide ointments applied for varying periods under occlusive dressings.", "content": "Onset of the vasoconstrictor effect of diflucortolone valerate, betamethasone valerate, and fluocinolone acetonide ointments applied for varying periods under occlusive dressings. Evaluation of cutaneous vasoconstriction after applications of varying duration of topical corticoids on the flexor surfaces of the forearms of 20 patients with intact skin shows a significantly faster blanching effect with diflucortolone valerate ointment than with fluocinolone acetonide and betamethasone valerate ointments. Furthermore, the test shows that even for a highly active preparation, such as the diflucortolone valerate ointment, an application time of less than 3 h only exceptionally leads to vasoconstriction in the healthy skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017533"}
{"pmid": "1017535", "title": "Reproduction and human welfare: a challenge to research.", "content": "Reproduction and human welfare: a challenge to research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017535"}
{"pmid": "1017536", "title": "The epidemiology of hyperlipoproteinemia in a Rumanian general population sample. Study of 7,085 cases.", "content": "The epidemiology of hyperlipoproteinemia in a Rumanian general population sample. Study of 7,085 cases. Using a two stages screening method the prevalence in the general population of hyperlipoproteinemias (HLP), separated in the five types proposed by Fredrickson, Levy and Lees, and adopted by WHO has been studied. The study included 7,085 subjects of both sexes, aged 25-65 years, representing 84,52 % of a population taken at random within a district of Bucarest. HLP was found in 1,013 cases, i.e. 14,29 % of the investigated population. 48.37 % were men and 51.63 % women. The prevalence of HLP was lowest in the first decace of age studied (25-35 years) and highest in the last two decades (45-65 years). Overweight was more frequently encountered in these patients (64.46 %) than in the total population (32.3 %). Of the 1,013 cases with HLP, 42.35 % (6.05 % of the total population) were of type IV, 27.05 % (3.86 % of the total population) of type II-b, 22.80 % (3.26 % of the total population) of type II-a, 4.74 % (0.67 % of the total population) of the type III and 3.06 % (0.43 % of the total population) of the type V. 22.70 % of the HLP patients were considered primary familial HLP, 66.54 % primary non-familial HLP and 10.76 % secondary HLP; IN 109 secondary HLP, the most frequently encountered disease was diabetes mellitus (42.20 %), followed by hypothyroidism (24.77 %), alcoholism (12.84 %), obstructive liver diseases (9.17 %), pancreatitis (5.50 %), nephrotic syndrome (2.75 %) and treatment with estrogens and steroids (2.75 %).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017536"}
{"pmid": "1017539", "title": "Hypoglycaemia induced by adrenal gland neoplasia (Anderson's syndrome) : report of a case.", "content": "Hypoglycaemia induced by adrenal gland neoplasia (Anderson's syndrome) : report of a case. A patient with hypoglycaemia associated with an adrenal neoplasia (Anderson's syndrome) is reported. Endocrinological investigation showed increased secretion of cortisol and catecholamines as well as an increased urinary steroid excretion along with profound inhibition of both basal and stimulated insulin secretion. During IVGTT, Conard's coefficient was reduced. The hyperglycemic response to glucagon injection was blunted, suggesting that liver glycogen stores were decreased or unavailable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017539"}
{"pmid": "1017532", "title": "Cell-mediated immunity in epidermodysplasia verruciformis.", "content": "Cell-mediated immunity in epidermodysplasia verruciformis. Investigations were performed in 6 cases of epidermodysplasia verruciformis and 2 healthy family members. Nonspecific cell-mediated immunity (CMI) was studied by measuring response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A (Con A), percentrages of E- and EAC-rosette-forming lymphocytes, bacterial skin tests, and allergic reactions to dinitrochloro-benzene (DNCB). Impairment of CMI was manifested by reduction in the percentage of E rosettes, and lowered response to PHA, and- to a lesser degree- to Con A. The immune response to DNCB sensitization was invariably negative. Impairment of CMI was greater in cases of long duration and with extensive lesions. The cases of similar duration and extent of lesions, which never showed tendency to tumor formation, were not different in CMI in comparison with cases with numerous tumors. Only in cases with very advanced tumors CMI was impaired parallel to the gravity of the patient's general condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017532"}
{"pmid": "1017538", "title": "Vitamin B 12 and folic acid serum levels in diabetics under various therapeutic regimens.", "content": "Vitamin B 12 and folic acid serum levels in diabetics under various therapeutic regimens. The aim of the present study was to reconsider the problem of the haematological consequences of biguanide treatment by evaluating serum vitamin B 12 and folic acid levels as well as classical haematological parameters in 30 diabetics treated by metformin. For purpose of comparison, similar evaluations were done in diabetics treated with insulin (27 patients) or sulfonylureas (13 patients). Results indicated that mean serum levels of vitamin B 12 were significantly lower in patients receiving metformin than in both other groups. In the metformin-treated group, five patients had serum levels of vitamin B 12 below 270 pg/ml and five had borderline values. No difference was found in the mean serum folic acid levels between the three groups. Similarly, there were no differences in the red blood cell counts, volumes or haemoglogin concentrations nor in the mean values of serum iron and lacticodeshydrogenase levels between the three groups. Since the haematologic and neurologic complications of vitamin B 12 deficiency may only appear after the deficiency had existed for 10-15 years, the lack of haematological alteration may be explained by the fact that the vitamin B 12 deficiency was not present for a sufficient period of time. We conclude that it may be wise to monitor the haematological values as well as vitamin B 12 levels at regular intervals in diabetic patients treated with metformin so that B 12 hypovitaminosis and its complications can be prevented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017538"}
{"pmid": "1017542", "title": "Assessment of pregnancy testing for population programmes.", "content": "Assessment of pregnancy testing for population programmes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017542"}
{"pmid": "1017543", "title": "Intrauterine progesterone-releasing contraceptive systems.", "content": "Intrauterine progesterone-releasing contraceptive systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017543"}
{"pmid": "1017569", "title": "Peripheral progesterone levels in pregnant and non-pregnant heifers following use of HCG.", "content": "Peripheral progesterone levels in pregnant and non-pregnant heifers following use of HCG.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017569"}
{"pmid": "1017580", "title": "Predication of the effect of carcinostatic agents on tumor-bearing host by the sensitivity test using acid phosphatase activity in vitro.", "content": "Predication of the effect of carcinostatic agents on tumor-bearing host by the sensitivity test using acid phosphatase activity in vitro. For the purpose of predicting the effect of carcinostatic agents on tumor-bearing host in vitro, a sensitivity test of a drug in tumor bearers was developed. This test is based on the change in the specific activity of acid phosphatase of individual tumor and liver tissue, and the difference in them was used as an indicator of effectiveness. The value was called the \"effective value.\" The present papar is concerned with the relationship between the effective value and effectiveness of the agents in rodents and man. The results showed that the effective value became higher with increasing concentration of Mitomycin-C incubated with tumor and liver tissues. The survival time of Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice, which were given Mitomycin-C intraperitoneally, was longer and increase in the dose of Mitomycin-C. In ascitic or subcutaneous form of Ehrlich carcinoma, AH-130, and Yoshida sarcoma, the effective value was parallel with the survival time of or the inhibition of tumor growth in tumor-bearing animals treated with Mitomycin-C. In 25 patients with gastric carcinoma treated with Mitomycin-C, the postoperative survival time was more closely correlated with the effective value calculated by the titers of both tumor and liver than the value of tumor alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017580"}
{"pmid": "1017581", "title": "Interaction of antitumor agents including carboquone in sarcoma-180 system.", "content": "Interaction of antitumor agents including carboquone in sarcoma-180 system. Combination effect of antitumor agents including carboquone was evaluated on the concept of pharmacological synergism and not therapeutic synergism in ascites sarcoma-180 system. Combinations of carboquone plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and Methotrexate in simultaneous administration and carboquone plus doxorubicin in alternate one provided synergism. Combination effect of agents was affected by the schedule of drug administration. Toxicity of carboquone in combination with many antitumor agents, generally, decreased in simultaneous administration. Approved agents in combination with carboquone in simultaneous administration were Mitomycin-C, daunorubicin, Actinomycin-d, vinblastine, vincristine, Ancytabine, and 6-mercaptopurine. Those in alternate administration were Actinomycin-D and vinblastine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017581"}
{"pmid": "1017579", "title": "Accuracy of diagnosis of cancer among autopsy cases: JNIH--ABCC population for Hiroshima and Nagasaki.", "content": "Accuracy of diagnosis of cancer among autopsy cases: JNIH--ABCC population for Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The accuracy of death certificate diagnoses of cancer in the fixed population of about 100,000 samples in Hiroshima and Nagasaki was determined for the period 1961 approximately 1970 by comparison with autopsy findings. In general, when the death certificate listed cancer as a cause of death it was found at autopsy in a high proportion of cases. However, cancer was not always reported on death certificates, indicating that cancer occurs more frequently than recorded by official mortality statistics. Older persons, persons who die at home, and persons with certain cancers are more likely not to have cancer named on their death certificates. It is estimated that in the 10,749 deaths occurring at home or in hospital, there were 32% more deaths due to cancer than certified on death certificates (3,095 vs. 2,345) and for persons aged 70 or more dying at home it is estimated there were 55% more stomach cancer (269 estimated vs. 174 listed) and 244% more lung cancer (141 estimated vs. 41 listed) than were certified on death certificates. The death certificate is not a good source of information for cancer of the cervix because many cases of this disease reported on death certificates as cancer of the uterus. This practice needs to be taken into account in the use of mortality data for cervical cancer in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017579"}
{"pmid": "1017583", "title": "Methylguanidine content in food.", "content": "Methylguanidine content in food. A combination of column chromatography using microcrystalline cellulose and ion-exchange resin, paper chromatography, gas chromatography, and gas chromatogrraphy-mass spectometry was used to determine the content of methylguanidine in various meats of fish and animals, and their processed products. All the samples of fresh fish meat and beef analyzed contained trace amounts (0.2 approximately 0.9 ppm) of methylguanidine. Various types of dried or canned fish also contained trace amounts, while most of the \"Bushi-rui,\" a highly processed dried meat of bonito, mackerel, or sardine contained 21 to 106 ppm of the compound. Two brands of peptone made by digesting meat probably with pepsin and trypsin also contained 12 and 70 ppm of methylguanidine, respectively. Samples of ham, sausage, salami sausage, powdered skim-milk, and a few others did not contain any detectable amount (less than 0.2 ppm).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017583"}
{"pmid": "1017582", "title": "Antibody-dependent macrophage-mediated cytolysis in a murine syngeneic tumor system.", "content": "Antibody-dependent macrophage-mediated cytolysis in a murine syngeneic tumor system. Peritoneal immune macrophages from C3H mice immunized against syngeneic MM46 ascites tumor cells specifically lysed these tumor cells in the presence of immune sera in vitro. An active factor(s) essential for macrophage-mediated cytolysis was purified nonspecifically by gel filtration and then three types of ion-exchange column chromatography. One factor was a specific antibody belonging to the IgG2 a subclass. Neither immune macrophages nor the syngeneic antitumor antibody alone had a cytolytic action on the target cells. Thus, we named the reaction antibody-dependent immune macrophage-mediated cytolysis. The immune macrophages apparently destroyed the sensitized tumor cells in vitro by a nonphagocytic form of cell-contact and this type of cytolysis was independent of a complement. No evidence was obtained for a soluble cytotoxic factor released on interaction of immune macrophages with sensitized tumor cells. Living immune macrophages were essential for the cytolytic action and their activity depended on contractile microfilaments and protein synthesis as revealed by studies with specific inhibitors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017582"}
{"pmid": "1017584", "title": "Differentiation of host-mediated antitumor agents from mitotic posons by the antitumor foot-pad reaction in Ehrlich carcinoma-ddY mouse system.", "content": "Differentiation of host-mediated antitumor agents from mitotic posons by the antitumor foot-pad reaction in Ehrlich carcinoma-ddY mouse system. The effect of antitumor agents (lentinan, PS-K, Mitomycin-C, 6-mercaptopurine, etc.) on the antitumor delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DHR) measured by the foot-pad test was compared with their effect on tumor growth in ddY mice with Ehrlich tumor. These agents all inhibited growth of Ehrlich carcinoma. Lentianan and PS-K enhanced the antitumor DHR, but Mitomycin-C and 6-mercaptopurine did not. By plotting the effect of agents on the anti-tumor DHR against these effects on tumor weight, host-mediated antitumor agents could be differentiated from mitotic poisons. Attempts to distinguish these two types of agents by the same method using a syngeneic tumor system were unsuccessful.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017584"}
{"pmid": "1017585", "title": "Blastoid transformation of human lymphocytes cultured with protein-bound polysaccharide preparation, PS-K, in vitro.", "content": "Blastoid transformation of human lymphocytes cultured with protein-bound polysaccharide preparation, PS-K, in vitro. The protein-bound polysaccharide preparation, PS-K, isolated from a mushroom, Coriolus versicolor, was found to stimulate human lymphocytes and induce them into blastogenesis in vitro. This stimulatory effect seemed to be nonspecific since lymphocytes from cord blood of newborn babies were also stimulated by PS-K. The highest lymphocyte blastogenesis by PS-K was observed after 5 days in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017585"}
{"pmid": "1017586", "title": "Micrometastasis in resected lungs of lung cancer patients.", "content": "Micrometastasis in resected lungs of lung cancer patients. In order to find causes for recurrence and/or metastasis after removal of human lung cancer, microscopic metastasis was examined histologically in the seemly unaffected areas of the lung in primary lung cancer patients. In 55 of 116 cases (47%), microscopic metastases were found in the areas of the lung which looked normal. These micrometastases were localized in 22 cases and disseminated in 33 cases. The sites where tumor cells were growing were identified in lung tissue as blood vessels, lymphatics, and aerial spaces, although it was difficult to identify a few cases. The incidence of microscopic metastases was significantly lower in the lungs of the group in which the diameter of a tumor was less than 3 cm, than those in which the diameter was more than 3 cm. In addition there was a significant decrease in the rate of microscopic spreads in the specimens without lymph node involvement as compared to those with lymph node involvement. The rate of postoperative recurrence and/or metastases was significantly high in the cases with micrometastasis compared to those without, suggesting that most of the microscopic spreads would become distinct tumors if unresected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017586"}
{"pmid": "1017587", "title": "Antitumor activity of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil in a variety of experimental tumors.", "content": "Antitumor activity of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil in a variety of experimental tumors. Antitumor activity of 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil against various tumors was examined. Therapeutic ratio (ILSmax/ILS30) in L-1210 system was 4.5 by oral administration, while those of 5-fluorouracil and 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil were 1.9 and 1.0, respectively. Therapeutic ratio of the compound in C-1498 system was 11, while those of 5-fluorouracil and 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil were 3.3 and 2.5, respectively. 1-Hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluurouracil was also active against solid and ascites tumors by oral administration. It was markedly active against Nakahara-Fukuoka sarcoma, adenocarcinoma=755, and ascites sarcoma-180, and moderately active against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. This compound had a wider tumor spectrum than 5-fluorouracil and 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil by oral administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017587"}
{"pmid": "1017589", "title": "Possible important rŏle of urinary N-methyl-N(3-carboxypropyl)nitrosamine in the induction of bladder tumors in rats by N-methyl-N-dodecylnitrosamine.", "content": "Possible important rŏle of urinary N-methyl-N(3-carboxypropyl)nitrosamine in the induction of bladder tumors in rats by N-methyl-N-dodecylnitrosamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017589"}
{"pmid": "1017588", "title": "Further studies on the isozyme patterns of branched-chain amino acid transminase in cultured rat hepatocytes.", "content": "Further studies on the isozyme patterns of branched-chain amino acid transminase in cultured rat hepatocytes. Among several lines of cultured rat hepatocytes examined, one line, IAR-22, contained enzyme III as well as enzyme I of the isozymes of branched-chain amino acid transaminase (EC 2.6.1.42) and this cell line was tumorigenic. None of the cell lines tested contained enzyme II (EC 2.6.1.6) or tyrosine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.5) and addition of dexamethasone did not induce these transaminases. The PC-1 line, containing only enzyme I and having a high percentage of diploid cells, showed deviation of its chromosomal number and tumorigenicity, but no change in its isozyme pattern when transformed with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Therefore, judging from expression of isozymes of the transaminase, this transformed cell line retained moderate differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017588"}
{"pmid": "1017590", "title": "Effect of enterohepatic circulation on bile production in regenerating liver.", "content": "Effect of enterohepatic circulation on bile production in regenerating liver. In an investigation of the role of portal blood flow in bile production and of changes in the enterohepatic circulation of bile in the regenerating liver, various branches of the portal vein were ligated in dogs, bile was collected from the liver lobes supplied by ligated and by nonligated portal branches, and the composition of the bile was analyzed. 1. Bile flow and bilirubin excretion from the ligated, atrophic liver lobes decreased with a disappearance of glycine-conjugated bile acids, but bilirubin excretion and especially bile flow increased greatly without any changes in bile acids composition in the nonligated, regenerating liver lobes as the portal blood flow to them per liver weight increased. 2. Infusion of gallbladder bile into the terminal ileum stimulated bile secretion in the nonligated lobes in the postoperative period, but not in the ligated lobes except immediately after the ligation of the portal vein branches supplying two-thirds of the liver. These findings indicate that bile secretion by the ligated lobes could be stimulated via the hepatic artery and the nonligated lobes might be via both the portal vein and the hepatic artery after the infusion during early postoperative period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017590"}
{"pmid": "1017591", "title": "Studies on the functional disturbances of the papillary region using a pressure sensor.", "content": "Studies on the functional disturbances of the papillary region using a pressure sensor. Investigation of the duodenal papilla and the bile duct by EPCG is essential to diagnose the organic and functional disturbances of the papillary region. We have developed a pressure sensor based on a semi-conductor in order to obtain a more objective observation of pathological conditions in the papillary region. Using a duodenofiberscope, the pressure sensor was placed on the tip of canula, and it was inserted into the papilla and measured the movements of the papillary region. The pressure sensor method was carried out in 18 normal subjects and 69 patients with various diseases. As the result of analysis of wave forms in normal subjects, regular wave form patterns were obtained. In about 71% of cases with biliary diseases irregular wave forms were observed. Irregular wave form patterns were also observed 40% of cases with cholecystolithiasis, while irregular patterns were revealed in 86% cases with choledocholithiasis. The pressure sensor method during for duodenofiberscopy is important diagnostic procedure for the determination of functional disturbances in the papillary region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017591"}
{"pmid": "1017592", "title": "Serum glycoproteins in the liver diseases. I. Studies on sialic acid-free glycoproteins-improved competitive binding assay of desialylated glycoprotein by rat liver plasma membrane.", "content": "Serum glycoproteins in the liver diseases. I. Studies on sialic acid-free glycoproteins-improved competitive binding assay of desialylated glycoprotein by rat liver plasma membrane. An improved method for quantitation of desialylated glycoproteins was developed. The assay was carried out in non-saturating condition other than saturating condition which has been used by the other authors. In the present method a lower radioactivity in the assay solution can be used. Standard curves obtained by adding an increasing amount of desialylated alpha1-acid glycoprotein to the assay solution made it possible to measure desialylated glycoproteins equivalent to 5-200 ng of desialylated alpha1-acid glycoprotein. Desialylated alpha1-acid glycoprotein used for the assay could be prepared in large scale by hydrolysis with 0.1 N-H2SO4.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017592"}
{"pmid": "1017593", "title": "Serum glycoproteins in the liver diseases. II. Radioimmunoassay of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein.", "content": "Serum glycoproteins in the liver diseases. II. Radioimmunoassay of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein. A radioimmunoassay for human alpha1-acid glycoprotein has been developed. 97.8% of 125I-alpha1-acid glycoprotein prepared for the assay were immunoprecipitable with specific anti-sera against the protein. alpha1-acid glycoprotein concentration in sera from normal adults was found to range between 70 and 114 mg/100 ml, with a mean of 93. Fulminant hepatitis, liver cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis with sublobular necrosis caused a significant lowering of alpha1-acid glycoprotein concentration. Sera obtained from patients with acute hepatitis in convalescence, chronic inactive hepatitis or primary biliary cirrhosis gave normal concentration of the glycoprotein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017593"}
{"pmid": "1017594", "title": "Gastric carcinoma combined with distant gastric ulcer.", "content": "Gastric carcinoma combined with distant gastric ulcer. The cases of the gastric carcinoma combined with distant benign gastric ulcer were 90 of 1257, 7.1%, and the carcinomas were frequently found in the lesser curvature of the antrum and the combined gastric ulcers frequently in the lesser curvature and posterior wall of the corpus. Average age in the combined cases was 58.8 which was older about 7 years than that in the cases of the gastric ulcer. The cases, in which the ulceration in the gastric ulcer was same or deeper than that in the gastric carcinoma, occupied about 70% of these combined cases. It should be considered that the malignant transformation does not always occur in the preceding ulcerative lesion. However, the intestinal metaplasia was usually severe, and so the well-differentiated carcinomas were twice frequent to the low-differentiated ones. The repeated regeneration of the epithelial cells associated with the erosive or ulcerative change may be of some relation to the carcinogenesis, because the intestinal metaplasia appears usually associated with the repeated defect and repair of the propria mucosae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017594"}
{"pmid": "1017596", "title": "The application of caerulein to cholangiography.", "content": "The application of caerulein to cholangiography. Caerulein was applied to oral cholecystography and the opacity of the common bile duct was evaluated at intervals. To 127 subjects whose gallbladder had been visualized by cholecystography was administered caerulein by intramuscular route in a dose of 0.2 mug per kg of body weight. As a result: 1. The visualization of the common bile duct reached its maximum 15 minutes after administration of caerulein (52% of the subjects); in total, 62.2% of the subjects responded to this cholecystography. 2. The visualization by caerulein was superior to that by the yolk both in its rate and intensity. 3. The cholangiogram taken after administration of caerulein was preferably available for diagnosis of bile duct lesions. Caerulein used for a pretreatment of drip infusion cholangiography (DIC) remarkably improved the picture in 3 of the 10 subjects in whom DIC alone had failed to show the bile duct. Thus, the application of caerulein to cholangiography facilitated diagnosis of bile duct lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017596"}
{"pmid": "1017595", "title": "Sibling cases of chronic recurrent hepatocerebral disease with hypercitrullinemia.", "content": "Sibling cases of chronic recurrent hepatocerebral disease with hypercitrullinemia. Two sibling cases with chronic recurrent hepato-cerebral syndrome which correspond to the nutritional form of hepato-cerebral disease entitled by Shikata et al. and the data of plasma free aminoacids analyses of these cases were reported. The one case is 27 years old male and the other case is 36 years old female. Their parents were cousins. Both cases have had unbalanced diet, especially liked legumes unusually. Their main symptom was recurrent disturbance of conciousness and convulsive seizures. Slight abnormality of liver function test and hyperammonemia were demonstrated. Electroencephalogram showed the pattern of triphasic wave. Coeliac angiography did not revealed a portal-systemic shunt. Hepatic biopsy specimen revealed liver fibrosis with fatty change in the one case and mild fatty change in the other case. Analyses of plasma free aminoacids showed particurally high level of citrulline in both cases. From the results of plasma free aminoacids analyses, it is considered that pathogenesis of these patients is congenital hereditary urea cycle disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017595"}
{"pmid": "1017597", "title": "Basic studies on cholesterol solubilization in bile salt solution.", "content": "Basic studies on cholesterol solubilization in bile salt solution. Previous studies on cholesterol solubilization by bile salts have often shown inconsistencies. To obtain basic informations on this problem, cholesterol solubilization in the aqueous solution of several bile salts have been reexamined. Kinetic studies revealed that not only the rate but also the magnitude of solubilization depended on the amount of excess cholesterol and the concentration of bile salt. An appropriate proportion of added cholesterol to bile salt was evaluated as 1:5-10 (w/w), corresponding to about 200% excess amount to approximate supposed solubility. The solubilization equilibrium was rather difficult to fix and must be checked by the procedure used. A linear relation was obtained between the quantity of solubilized cholesterol and the concentration of bile salt. The slope of the straight line was designated k. As the solubilizing power could be given by the ratio of the solubilizate to the solubilizer, it was expressed numerically by k value as well as graphically by the molar ratio of cholesterol to bile salt as ordinate and the molar concentration of bile salt as abscissa in which the above relation was hyperbolic, k being as asymptote. k values obtained for cholate, chenodeoxycholate, deoxycholate and equimolar cholate-deoxycholate mixture were 3.72 X 10(-2), 6.79 X 10(-2), 8.10 X 10(-2) and 6.55 X 10(-2) respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017597"}
{"pmid": "1017598", "title": "Studies on intestinal malabsorption in chronic pancreatitis.", "content": "Studies on intestinal malabsorption in chronic pancreatitis. Pancreozymin-secretin test (PS test) and intestinal absorption tests were performed in 21 patients with chronic calcific pancreatitis and 32 patients with chronic noncalcific pancreatitis to evaluate exocrine functions of the pancreas. And the following results were confirmed. (1) Fecal fat excretion increased in 33% of chronic pancreatitis (47% of calcific pancreatitis and 25% of noncalcific pancreatitis). Serum carotene leves showed significantly low levels in 44% of chronic pancreatitis (67% of calcific pancreatitis and 27% of noncalcific pancreatitis). (2) D-xylose tolerance test was abnormally low in only 6% of chronic pancreatitis, but Schilling test was evaluated abnormally low in 29% of chronic pancreatitis (50% of calcific pancreatitis and 11% of noncalcific pancreatitis). (3) Fecal fat excretion increased in cases of severe exocrine insufficiency of the pancreas with decreased amylase output and decreased maximum bicarbonate concentration in PS test. (4) Correlation of fecal fat excretion to maximum bicarbonate concentration was statistically significant, but those to amylase output or volume of pancreatic juice were not significant. (5) Antacid drugs combined with pancreatic extracts seems to be indispensable in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis as far as malabsorption in chronic pancreatitis is concerned.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017598"}
{"pmid": "1017599", "title": "A case of malignant reticulosis with chronic hepatitis.", "content": "A case of malignant reticulosis with chronic hepatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017599"}
{"pmid": "1017600", "title": "Effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to LSD on brain maturation.", "content": "Effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to LSD on brain maturation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017600"}
{"pmid": "1017601", "title": "Antagonism of glutamate and acetylcholine excitation of rat cerebral cortical neurones by diphenylhydantoin.", "content": "Antagonism of glutamate and acetylcholine excitation of rat cerebral cortical neurones by diphenylhydantoin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017601"}
{"pmid": "1017602", "title": "Depression of drug metabolism in liver microsomes after treating rats with unsaturated fatty acids.", "content": "Depression of drug metabolism in liver microsomes after treating rats with unsaturated fatty acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017602"}
{"pmid": "1017603", "title": "Effect of stress on newborn hypothalamic phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase.", "content": "Effect of stress on newborn hypothalamic phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017603"}
{"pmid": "1017710", "title": "Effect of intraluminal oxygen on experimental ischaemia of the intestine.", "content": "Effect of intraluminal oxygen on experimental ischaemia of the intestine. The small bowel of 44 rats has been made ischaemic for 120 minutes by occluding the superior mesenteric artery. Gaseous oxygen was introduced into the small bowel lumen of 18 of the rats, and gaseous nitrogen into the bowel lumen of a further eight, 30 minutes after the start of the ischaemia. The mortality rate of the control group of 18 rats was 89%, significantly higher than the 39% mortality of the oxygen-treated rats (p less than 0-005). None of the eight rats treated with intraluminal nitrogen survived. Histological changes caused by ischaemia were much reduced in the intestine of the oxygen treated rats. It is suggested that intraluminal oxygen might be useful additional form of therapy for the treatment of the partially ischaemic bowel that may be retained after the resection of definitely non-viable ischaemic bowel at initial laparotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017710"}
{"pmid": "1017711", "title": "Evidence for the mixing of residue in the human gut.", "content": "Evidence for the mixing of residue in the human gut. Mixing the residue in the gut has been studied in 24 normal subjects using five different types of radio-opaque pellets. By giving single doses of different pellets to the subjects on three successive days and measuring their appearances in the stool by radiographs evidence of mixing was found in 83% of studies. Mean transit time (MTT) of markers through the gut was measured from the single dose studies (MTT-S) and also by giving the pellets to subjects continuously with each meal (MTT-C). By comparing MTT-C with MTT-S evidence was found for a mixing pool with exponential decay. The turnover time of this pool was estimated as about 30% of the total MTT.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017711"}
{"pmid": "1017712", "title": "Effect of motilin on the lower oesophageal sphincter.", "content": "Effect of motilin on the lower oesophageal sphincter. The effect of motilin on lower oesophageal sphincter (LES) pressure has been studied in unanesthetised specially trained dogs using an infusion manometric technique. Motilin produced significant rises in resting pressure and contractions of the LES after doses ranging from 0-009 mug/kg to 0-05 mug/kg. Doses greater than 0-05 mug/kg resulted in repetitive high amplitude contractions. Atropine 30 mug/kg completely abolished the effect of the lower doses of motilin. Higher doses of motilin in atropinised dogs still caused a small rise in baseline pressure and contractile activity still appeared. Hexamethonium 2 mg/kg resulted in both a diminished rise in LES pressure and the disappearance of contractions after motilin. Hexamethonium and atropine together completely abolished the LES response to motilin. We conclude that motilin increases LES pressure by acting on preganglionic cholinergic neurones to release acetylcholine which excites other cholinergic neurones supplying the circular muscle of the LES.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017712"}
{"pmid": "1017714", "title": "Pancreatitis--a retrospective study.", "content": "Pancreatitis--a retrospective study. A retrospective study has been made of all adult patients admitted to Manchester Royal Infirmary with exocrine pancreatic disease between 1968 and 1974, in order to define the factors which influence the variable mortality and morbidity rates in published accounts of patients with acute pancreatitis. The most plausible explanation is that some series with low mortality rates include a variable number of patients with relapsing acute pancreatitis and acute exacerbations of chronic pancreatitis. Both these pathological entities have a negligible mortality and morbidity rate compared with single attacks of acute pancreatitis. The difficulties encountered by the clinician in determining the prognosis of acute pancreatitis at the time of admission to hospital are discussed. Attention is drawn to the differing role of alcohol as an aetiological factor in relapsing chronic pancreatitis and acute pancreatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017714"}
{"pmid": "1017713", "title": "Responses of the competent and incompetent lower oesophageal sphincter to pentagastrin and abdominal compression.", "content": "Responses of the competent and incompetent lower oesophageal sphincter to pentagastrin and abdominal compression. Responses of the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) to pentagastrin, given by continuous intravenous infusion in doses ranging between 0 and 9 mug/kg/h, and to external abdominal compression were measured by infused catheters in healthy subjects and in a group of patients with reflux oesophagitis. In separate experiments, pressures were measured both by sensors stationary within the LOS, and by repeated continuous withdrawals of sensors from stomach to distal oesophagus. In normal subjects, doses of pentagastrin within the physiological range (0.9 mug/kg/h) produced modest but statistically significant increases in LOS pressure. By comparison, sphincteric responses in patients with oesophagitis were small and a dose of 4-5 mug/kg/h was the lowest that produced a significant increase in LOS pressure. During abdominal compression increases in LOS pressure did not significantly exceed increases in intragastric pressure in either patients or normal subjects. This was so at all doses of pentagastrin that were tested. Hence, there was no evidence of synergism between the effects of pentagastrin and abdominal compression upon the LOS. We infer from our findings that gastrin does play a modest role in the physiological regulation of human LOS tone. Relative insensitivity of the incompetent LOS to pentagastrin represents, we believe, sphincteric muscle failure. Our results are not consistent with the hypothesis that LOS incompetence is due to loss or impairment of an adaptive response of the LOS to alterations in intra-abdominal pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017713"}
{"pmid": "1017715", "title": "Suppression of giardiasis during the intestinal phase of trichinosis in the mouse.", "content": "Suppression of giardiasis during the intestinal phase of trichinosis in the mouse. The interaction of the intestinal phases of Giardia muris and Trichinella spiralis was investigated in Swiss albino mice. Intraoesophageal inoculation of G. muris cysts seven days before, or seven days after, similar inoculation of T. spiralis larvae resulted in significant reduction in the numbers of Giardia trophozoites in small bowel and Giardia cysts in stools. This effect was not observed when G. muris cysts were administered after resolution of the intestinal phase of trichinosis. Giardiasis had no effect on trichinosis as assessed by numbers of adult worms in small bowel and larvae in skeletal muscles. Studies of small bowel morphology showed that the intestinal phase of trichinosis was associated with increased numbers of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria, a significant increase in Paneth cells in crypts, and a marked reduction in the villus:crypt ratio of jejunum. These observations suggest that the intestinal phase of trichinosis induced environmental changes in small bowel, perhaps related to inflammation, which resulted in suppression of proliferation of Giardia trophozoites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017715"}
{"pmid": "1017716", "title": "Galactose elimination capacity as a prognostic index in patients with fulminant liver failure.", "content": "Galactose elimination capacity as a prognostic index in patients with fulminant liver failure. In 25 patients with fulminant hepatic failure the prognostic value of a quantitative liver function test, the galactose elimination capacity, was assessed and comapred with routine liver function tests and clinical features. The galactose elimination capacity was significantly higher (P less than 0-05) in the five patients who survived than in the 20 patients who died. None of the other liver function tests, was significantly different. The values of the galactose elimination capacity overlapped considerably between survivors and non-survivors, but all patients with a galactose elimination capacity below 12-8 mumol galactose/min and kg body weight died. The disease among most patients who died having a galactose elimination capacity greater than 13 mumol ran a subacute course. It is suggested that quantitative liver function tests be included when new treatments of fulminant hepatic failure are investigated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017716"}
{"pmid": "1017717", "title": "Idiopathic bile acid catharsis.", "content": "Idiopathic bile acid catharsis. In the course of extensive routine screening for bile acid malabsorption a few patients were detected in whom chronic diarrhoea was apparently induced by excess bile acid loss which was neither associated with demonstrable conventional ileopathy nor with any other disorder allied to diarrhoea. In three patients subjected to scrutiny the results obtained were in harmony with a concept of idiopathic bile acid catharsis. Ingestion of cholestyramine was followed by immediate relief, but the diarrhoea recurred whenever this treatment was withdrawn. It it suggested that idiopathic bile acid catharsis should be suspected in patients with unexplained chronic diarrhoea and especially in those with a diagnosis of irritable colon with diarrhoea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017717"}
{"pmid": "1017718", "title": "Intravenous administration of diazepam in patients with chronic liver disease.", "content": "Intravenous administration of diazepam in patients with chronic liver disease. The EEG response and drug kinetics after intravenous infusion of diazepam at 1-0 mg/min until nystagmus, dysarthria, and moderate sedation developed, has been investigated in five normal subjects and 17 patients with chronic liver disease. Diazepam induced adequate premedication with a similar clinical response in all subjects with no adverse reactions. Maximal response was during or within five minutes of infusion. The dose of diazepam required in liver chronic disease was 17-9 +/- 1-4 mg (M +/- SEM) compared with 27 +/- 5-4 mg in controls (p less than 0-01). Dose correlated significantly with serum albumin (p less than  0-05). Baseline mean dominant frequency (MDF) and slow wave index (SWI) significantly correlated with albumin (p less than 0-01). After diazepam, the MDF decreased and SWI increased. The change was greatest at the time of maximal clinical response. It was greater in liverdisease and was greatest in patients with previous hepaticencephalopathy. In spite of reduced dose requirements in liver disease, there was no significant difference in plasma concentration at the end of drug infusion...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017718"}
{"pmid": "1017719", "title": "Patchiness and duodenal-jejunal variation of the mucosal abnormality in coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis.", "content": "Patchiness and duodenal-jejunal variation of the mucosal abnormality in coeliac disease and dermatitis herpetiformis. The incidence and degree of patchiness of mucosal abnormality in both coeliac disease (CD) and dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is documented. As judged by both stereomicroscopy and subjective histology, patchiness occurred frequently in both CDand DH patients. In most cases the difference of abnormality was of only one grade, but in approximately 25% as assessed by stereomicroscopy and 10% as assessed by histology the difference was of two or more grades. In control subjects with normal small bowel mucosa the variation of the mucosal appearance between the duodenum and proximal jejunum was studied. Contrary to popular belief, no significant difference of villous and crypt measurements or of apparent villous \"bridging\" and \"branching\" between these two sites was found, if only well-orientated sections were studied. The stereomicroscopic appearances were also similar at these two sites, although villi tended to be broader in the duodenal biopsies. The duodenal-jejunal variation was also studied in CD and DH patients and although by both stereomicroscopy and subjective histology the appearances were similar in most patients, in approximately 33% the duodenal abnormality was the most severe and, surprisingly, the jejunal abnormality was more severe in approximately 15%. It is concluded that multiple, precisely located biopsies of both the duodenum and proximal jejunum are invaluable in the investigation of small bowel disease and in assessing response to treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017719"}
{"pmid": "1017720", "title": "Potential difference across the normal and the abnormal gastric mucosa in man.", "content": "Potential difference across the normal and the abnormal gastric mucosa in man. The mucosal potential difference in the body of the stomach was measured in 18 patients with gastric ulcers, five with gastritis, and three with pernicious anaemia. The results were compared with those of 12 normal volunteers. Significantly lower than normal levels were found in the groups of patients with gastric ulcers and gastritis. The patients with pernicious anaemia had even lower potential differences. In an additional 25 subjects, measurements were made in the duodenal bulb and at five sites in the stomach under direct vision at endoscopy. Biopsies were taken from each site for histology. Subjects with gastritis at the high lesser curve had a significantly lower potential difference at that site than those without gastritis. In the latter group, the potential difference at the high lesser curve was as low as in the antrum, and invariably lower than at the high greater curve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017720"}
{"pmid": "1017721", "title": "Predictive value of perioperative gastric acid tests.", "content": "Predictive value of perioperative gastric acid tests. Preoperative acid studies and early postoperative insulin tests in 275 patients undergoing various forms of vagotomy have been related to recurrent ulceration. Follow-up time has been from two to nine years, mean 4-3 years. Recurrence is directly related to basal acidity in both tests but is not related to stimulated acid levels preoperatively. In the insulin tests higher levels of acidity after insulin are associated with a higher incidence of recurrence. When positive, Hollander's and multiple criteria are both associated with a higher recurrence rate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017721"}
{"pmid": "1017722", "title": "Antifactor Xa activity measured with amidolytic methods.", "content": "Antifactor Xa activity measured with amidolytic methods. Methods for the assay of antifactor Xa activity in the presence and absence of heparin are described. Diluted plasma is incubated with bovine, activated factor X (Xa) in stage I, and remaining Xa is measured with the chromogene substrate Bz-Ile-Glu-Gly-Arg-pNA in stage II. In the presence of heparin, the inactivation is completed in 30 sec, and this method measures total Xa-inactivating capacity in diluted plasma (Method I). In a clincal material, this capacity showed a strong positive correlation (r=0.85) to the thrombin-inactivating capacity of diluted heparinized plasma (heparin cofactor activity) and apparently reflects antithrombin III (At-III) concentration. In the absence of heparin, the inactivation of factor xa occurs slowly. With an incubation of 5 min, about 25% of Xa is inactivated, and this assay reflects initial inactivation of Xa (Method II). With this method, a positive, but less strong correlation to the thrombin-inactivating capacity was found (r=0.58), indicating that inhibitors different from At-III accounts for a minor part of the initial inactivation. Determinations in plasma, in which At-III was removed by immunoadsorption, indicated that At-III accounts for about 80% of the initial inactivation. The results of the assays are not significantly influenced by varying concentrations of fibrinogen, fibrinogen degradation products or heparin in the test plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017722"}
{"pmid": "1017723", "title": "Evaluation of hypercoagulability in septic abortion.", "content": "Evaluation of hypercoagulability in septic abortion. Soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) were determined in patients with septic abortion (body temperatures of more than 39 degree C and/or chills without apparent signs of endotoxic shock), with infected abortion, with non-infected abortion and with normal pregnancies. Quantitative gel filtration (4% agarose) of beta-alanine precipitated plasma samples yielded the relative (percent of total fibrinogen content) and absolute (mg/100 ml plasma) amount of SFMC. The relative (5.5+/-1.4%, mean+/-SD) and absolute (21.5+/-8.6 mg/100 ml) amount of SFMC was significantly increased in patients with septic abortion compared to patients with normal pregnancies or non-infected abortion (p less than 0.001). Patients with infected abortion (p less than 0.001). Patients with infected abortion already revealed increased levels of SFMC (4.3+/-1.2%, 14.2+/-6.8 mg/100 ml) though their platelet count was still unaltered (infected abortion: 221+/-47 X 10(3) platelets/mm3; septic abortion; 99+/-36 X 10(3) platelets/mm3). The use of heparin in patients with septic abortion resulted in a decrease in SFMC. Chain characterization of SFMC frequently revealed a slight degradation of the alpha-chains probably due to fibrinolytic activity in vivo; gamma-gamma dimers representing intermolecular covalent bindings were not observed. The findings are in agreement with our former assumption that patients with septic abortion have a pronounced state of hypercoagulability. The effect of septic abortion on plasma levels of soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) was studied by quantitative gel filtration (4% agarose) of beta-alanine precipitated plasma samples.  Pregnant patients and those with infected or noninfected abortions were also studied.  The relative and absolute amounts of SFMC were significantly (p less than .001) increased in cases of septic abortion compared with cases of normal pregnancy or uninfected abortion.  Patients with infected abortion showed increased absolute and relative levels of SFMC, though not to the extent of septic abortion cases.  However, unlike septic abortion cases, platelet count was not reduced.  When heparin was used in septic abortion cases, SFMC decreased.  A slight degradation of the alpha-chains of SFMC probably due to in vivo fibrinolytic activity was observed.  The findings confirm that patients with septic abortion have a marked degree of hypercoagulability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017723"}
{"pmid": "1017725", "title": "Coagulation defect in experimental trypanosomial infection.", "content": "Coagulation defect in experimental trypanosomial infection. Some coagulation parameters have been studied in animals experimentally infected with trypanosomial organisms (T. brucei or T. congolense). The partial thromboplastin time test with kaolin was regularly abnormally prolonged in all animals during infection. Although results of some coagulation factors in the intrinsic pathway cannot be used to explain this finding, it is suggested that the partial thromboplastin time test can be used as a test to monitor infection and recovery from this organism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017725"}
{"pmid": "1017724", "title": "A technique for the evaluation of platelet-collagen adhesiveness in vitro.", "content": "A technique for the evaluation of platelet-collagen adhesiveness in vitro. A method for the evaluation in vitro of platelet-collagen adhesiveness has been developed. This method is based on counting platelets both before and after their contact with an insoluble collagen (IC) suspension. The results are expressed as adhesiveness index (AI). A number of variables which could influence the test has been evaluated and standardized in a way suitable for the routinary use of the technique described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017724"}
{"pmid": "1017727", "title": "Distribution and variation of fibrinolytic activity in the walls of human arteries and veins.", "content": "Distribution and variation of fibrinolytic activity in the walls of human arteries and veins. A systematic study on the location and intensity of the fibrinolytic activity in more than 500 samples of human arteries and veins from 50 routine necropsies and 35 blood vessel biopsies was performed. Data were obtained for an overall comparison of the fibrinolytic activity along and across the walls of human blood vessels by the use of a standardized fibrin slide technique. Arteries generally showed little or no fibrinolytic activity in the intima and media but strong activity in the adventitia. Veins showed a comparable strong fibrinolytic activity in the external layer of loose connective tissue. Fibrinolytic activity in the venous intima, media and adventitia was generally weaker but varied greatly according to position in the body. Veins situated in the lower parts of the body had less fibrinolytic activity than the veins at the upper levels. Fibrinolytic activity was found to be related to the endothelium of the vasa vasorum and/or of the main lumen of the vascular wall. Increased fibrinolytic activity was observed in arteries and veins in cases of sudden death, vasogenic shock, cerebral hemorrhage and cirrhosis. Decreased fibrinolytic activity was encountered in blood vessels in cases of endotoxin shock, hyaline membrane disease and a case of Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017727"}
{"pmid": "1017726", "title": "Treatment of thrombosis by sequential therapy with ancrod followed by streptokinase. Clinical pharmacology and rheology.", "content": "Treatment of thrombosis by sequential therapy with ancrod followed by streptokinase. Clinical pharmacology and rheology. The effects of sequential therapy with ancrod followed by streptokinase are reported in a series of patients with thrombotic disease. Measurements have been made in blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and whole blood and plasma viscosity. Intravenous infusion of ancrod resulted in a significant reduction in plasma fibrinogen which was associated with highly significant reduction in both plasma and whole blood viscosity. Sequential therapy with streptokinase resulted in a gradual rise in fibrinogen and a slight but significant rise in whole blood and plasma viscosity. All patients showed clinical improvement and no haemorrhagic complications resulted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017726"}
{"pmid": "1017754", "title": "First record of bacillary rickettsia-like organisms in European tick Dermacentor marginatus (Sulzer).", "content": "First record of bacillary rickettsia-like organisms in European tick Dermacentor marginatus (Sulzer). Bacillary rickettsia-like organisms (BRLO) were found in the tick Dermacentor marginatus. They are gram-negative and differ from common bacteria and reckettsiae both in the cultivation conditions and morphology. BRLO are non-pathogenic for ticks and guinea pigs. In our studies they were isolated on half-engorged females of D. marginatus, on which they are still maintained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017754"}
{"pmid": "1017755", "title": "Observations on the development of Rhabdochona phoxini Moravec, 1968 (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae).", "content": "Observations on the development of Rhabdochona phoxini Moravec, 1968 (Nematoda: Rhabdochonidae). The life-cycle of the nematode Rhabdochona phoxini, an intestinal parasite of the fish Phoxinus phoxinus, has been studied experimentally. The mayfly nymphs, Habrophlebia lauta Eaton and H. fusca (Curtis) were found to serve as experimental intermediate hosts. After the eggs of R. phoxini have been swallowed by the mayfly nymph, the toothed first-stage larvae of this parasite are released and penetrate through the intestinal wall into t-e body cavity of the mayfly. Before reaching the infective third stage, the larvae moult twice in the body of the invertebrate host (2 to 16 and20 to 36 days after infection at water temperatures of 13--15 degrees C). However, the development of the encysted infective larvae does not cease in the intermediate host and the larvae may undergo one more moult. One of two moults then occur in the intestine of the definitive host (Phoxinus phoxinus) (depending on the fact whether it was infected with third- or fourth-stage larvae) before the larvae attain the maturity. The development of R. phoxini in the definitive host lasts about two months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017755"}
{"pmid": "1017756", "title": "Morphological determination of the age of Cysticercus bovis in very young calves with cysticercosis.", "content": "Morphological determination of the age of Cysticercus bovis in very young calves with cysticercosis. Characteristics and measurements are given for early developmental stages of Cysticercus bovis. The data emerging from our study indicate that the age of a one to two month-old larva from a spontaneous infection can reliably be determined in histological sections. On these grounds we have been able to determine that the cysticercus infection in the two calves (aged 21 and 27 days respectively) had been acquired prenatally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017756"}
{"pmid": "1017758", "title": "On the regularities of distribution of Hypoderma bovis De Geer larvae parasitizing cattle herds in different parts of the range of this warble fly.", "content": "On the regularities of distribution of Hypoderma bovis De Geer larvae parasitizing cattle herds in different parts of the range of this warble fly. The type and parameters of the distribution of the second and third instar larvae of Hypoderma bovis in cattle herds in Czechoslovakia (54 herds, 7233 head), Mongolia (20 herds, 1809 head) and the USSR (48 herds, 4978 head) were studied. A statistical analysis showed a) that in the majority of cases negative binomial distribution serves as a model of the distribution of larvae with sufficient reliability; b) that the regularity of dependence of the distribution exponent k of the negative binomial distribution on the incidence of infestation remains constant in different parts of the range of this warble fly. The latter fact indicates that the regulatory systems limiting the population numbers of this warble fly are associated with host-parasite relationships and do not depend on a complex of conditions specific for various natural zones. In order to understand the regulatory processes in parasite populations it is necessary to study equally the regulatory mechanisms operating primarily on  the level of specimens as well as the regulatory systems operating on the level of populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017758"}
{"pmid": "1017757", "title": "Influence of microclimate on the life cycle of the common tick Ixodes ricinus (L.) in thermophilic oak forest.", "content": "Influence of microclimate on the life cycle of the common tick Ixodes ricinus (L.) in thermophilic oak forest. Under conditions of the South Moravian thermophilic oak forest (Valtice near Breclav), the life cycle of the common tick Ixodes ricinus was studied by continuous recording of main elements of microclimate (temperature and humidity) in three different biotopes: forest, margin of the forest and meadow. Simultaneously conditions and the process of tick hibernation were studied in four soil layers (surface, depths of 10, 20 and 30 cm). Observations made in the winter and vegetation periods were assessed by mathematical-statistical tests. Results obtained in the forest biotope and at its margin are presented in this paper; results from the meadow biotope will be published separately.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017757"}
{"pmid": "1017759", "title": "Some contemporary aspects of natural focality and epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis.", "content": "Some contemporary aspects of natural focality and epidemiology of tick-borne encephalitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017759"}
{"pmid": "1017761", "title": "A biofeedback study of postural sway.", "content": "A biofeedback study of postural sway. An experiment was performed to control postural sway under auditory and visual feedback signals using a new apparatus. The subjects of 52 healthy high school girls were divided into 13 small groups. Each small group had four subjects who were assigned to one of the following four groups; 1) visual feedback group, 2) auditory feedback group, 3) auditory and visual feedback group, and 4) control group. Comparisons were made as to the duration of the green lamp being on, which indicated sway stayed around the initial central gravity. The results showed that auditory and visual feedback groups had a significant increase in the duration as compared to other three groups. With regard to the changes in the areas of postural sway, the largest increase was seen in the auditory and visual group. While the three feedback groups showed downward curves, the control group showed an upward one. Thus it is suggested that postural sway can be voluntarily controlled by a combination of an auditury feedback procedure and a visual feedback procedure, but not be either of them independently.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017761"}
{"pmid": "1017763", "title": "Juvenile polyneuropathy due to vitamin B1 deficiency-clinical observations and pathogenetic analysis of 24 cases.", "content": "Juvenile polyneuropathy due to vitamin B1 deficiency-clinical observations and pathogenetic analysis of 24 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017763"}
{"pmid": "1017764", "title": "Effects of electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra on responses of lateral geniculate body neurons to light.", "content": "Effects of electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra on responses of lateral geniculate body neurons to light. Effects of electrical stimulation of substantia nigra on responses of the lateral geniculate neurons to light were studied. Responses of the neurons to flash were enhanced or inhibited by conditioning stimulation of the substantia nigra. Enhancement of firing by nigral stimulation more often occurred in neurons excited primarily by flash, but inhibition was more commonly observed in those which showed a primary neuronal silence after light.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017764"}
{"pmid": "1017766", "title": "Acute and short-term toxicity studies on erythrosine BS in rodents.", "content": "Acute and short-term toxicity studies on erythrosine BS in rodents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017766"}
{"pmid": "1017767", "title": "Short-term toxicity of erythrosine BS in pigs.", "content": "Short-term toxicity of erythrosine BS in pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017767"}
{"pmid": "1017768", "title": "Studies on the absorption, distribution and excretion of citral in the rat and mouse.", "content": "Studies on the absorption, distribution and excretion of citral in the rat and mouse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017768"}
{"pmid": "1017769", "title": "Influence of dietary nitrate on nitrite content of human saliva: possible relevance to in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds.", "content": "Influence of dietary nitrate on nitrite content of human saliva: possible relevance to in vivo formation of N-nitroso compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017769"}
{"pmid": "1017770", "title": "The effect of nitrate intake on nitrite formation in human saliva.", "content": "The effect of nitrate intake on nitrite formation in human saliva.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017770"}
{"pmid": "1017771", "title": "Some effects of dietary citric acid in small animals.", "content": "Some effects of dietary citric acid in small animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017771"}
{"pmid": "1017772", "title": "Tannic acid: acute hepatotoxicity following administration by feeding tube.", "content": "Tannic acid: acute hepatotoxicity following administration by feeding tube.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017772"}
{"pmid": "1017773", "title": "Mycotoxicosis produced in mice by cultural products of an isolate of Aspergillus ochraceus.", "content": "Mycotoxicosis produced in mice by cultural products of an isolate of Aspergillus ochraceus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017773"}
{"pmid": "1017775", "title": "Histochemical and biochemical studies of chemically induced acute kidney damage in the rat.", "content": "Histochemical and biochemical studies of chemically induced acute kidney damage in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017775"}
{"pmid": "1017776", "title": "2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin elimination in the rat: first order or zero order?", "content": "2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin elimination in the rat: first order or zero order?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017776"}
{"pmid": "1017774", "title": "Comparative metabolism of dieldrin in the rat (CFE) and in two strains of mouse (CF1 and LACG).", "content": "Comparative metabolism of dieldrin in the rat (CFE) and in two strains of mouse (CF1 and LACG).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017774"}
{"pmid": "1017777", "title": "Pharmacokinetics: first order or zero order.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics: first order or zero order.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017777"}
{"pmid": "1017778", "title": "Pharmacokinetics: first order or zero order.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics: first order or zero order.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017778"}
{"pmid": "1017779", "title": "A dental care model for the United States with comparative data.", "content": "A dental care model for the United States with comparative data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017779"}
{"pmid": "1017780", "title": "Rural health care research: past accomplishments and future challenges.", "content": "Rural health care research: past accomplishments and future challenges.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017780"}
{"pmid": "1017781", "title": "Accountability: a critical dimension in health care.", "content": "Accountability: a critical dimension in health care. The intent of this paper has been to present the notion that the public's demands for accountability present health professionals with unprecedented opportunities. Good health is the bedrock upon which social progress, personal attainment, and individual happiness are built. If health professionals are personally accountable and if they work cooperatively, they can transform the energy now expended in lamenting about crises of confidence, crises of control, and crises of performance into positive action directed toward improving the nation's health. Their rewards will indeed be great.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017781"}
{"pmid": "1017782", "title": "Health care from a behavioral-ecological viewpoint.", "content": "Health care from a behavioral-ecological viewpoint. While the intended thrust of this paper has been to elicidate the tremendous potential of the behavioral-ecological perspective for health care research and application, the intent has not been to underplay the important role of the biological sciences in the same venture. However, it is my contention that a behavioral-ecological approach to the study of health care has been widely neglected in health care functions and research. In terms of conventional research designs and terminology, the behavioral-ecological research implications can be summarized as follows: a behavioral-ecological perspective of health care research suggests research that is experimental rather than correlational-descriptive; that focuses, because of its naturalistic thrust, on external validity more than internal validity; that incorporates as independent design variables the environmental context in which health behaviors occur; and that allows single-subject as well as multiple-group designs as research strategy. Finally, in terms of dependent variables, the research design requires a clear identification of the observable characteristics of the target health behaviors under consideration. In summary, health research geared toward professional goals appears to profit significantly from an ecological-behavioral approach which provides a model of high explication, specificity, and objectivity for knowledge generation and immediate application.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017782"}
{"pmid": "1017783", "title": "Conflict and conflict resolutions: theories and processes relevant to the health profession.", "content": "Conflict and conflict resolutions: theories and processes relevant to the health profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017783"}
{"pmid": "1017784", "title": "Predictive nursing: the baby and parents.", "content": "Predictive nursing: the baby and parents. Predictive nursing as a health care strategy is not entirely new. What is new and emerging are means of sharpening our assessments of the events and conditions that support health, as well as specific models engaging the individual in assessing and altering or maintaining his position on the health continuum. This study has been shared with the readers to provide an encouraging direction toward new modes of health care delivery. We believe it is the most encouraging strategy for assisting families in promoting optimal health of infants from a very early point in the infant's life. The assessment techniques discussed in this paper relate to methods of identifying individual behavior patterns of newborn infants, behavioral interaction patterns of parents and infants during the early months and years of life, and the parents' perception of the infant. All of these measures are now being tested by the Nursing Child Assessment Project staff and will result in a systematic format of screening and assessing infants and families \"at risk\". With current knowledge, astoundingly correct predictions about cognitive development and achievement at school age of groups of children can be made with information about the mother's levels of education and the events of the perinatal periods. The measures discussed in this article concerning the infants' behavior, parent-child interaction, and the parents' perception of the child are factors which will go beyond our present ability to identify potential problems early. Predictive nursing of the infant and young child is our eventual goal. This means going a step beyond the current level of practice by beginning to systematically identify the proneness of individuals to good or bad health outcomes--specifically, the proneness of children to have developmental delays or problems--and to then provide a meaningful type of intervention before the developmental problem occurs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017784"}
{"pmid": "1017786", "title": "Towards conceptualization of transcultural health care systems: concepts and a model.", "content": "Towards conceptualization of transcultural health care systems: concepts and a model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017786"}
{"pmid": "1017785", "title": "Observations of a health and healing system in a Papago community.", "content": "Observations of a health and healing system in a Papago community. The Papago people in the Tohono village have a repertoire of culturally stylized patterns of behavior to help them maintain their health. The use of foods and ceremonies for preventing illness and maintaning health are emphasized in the styles of the people as well as the concept of taking care of self and others. Comfort and discomfort, fatigue, aches, thirst, hunger, and sadness are daily experiences of the people. Laughter, crying, \"taking care of self and others\", walking slowly, eating beans and tortillas, maintaining calm thoughts, and so on, are all culturally defined patterns for coping with alterations in feeling. When professional healers are needed, they will be consulted according to how helpful people perceive these healers to be by their sensitive attitudes and actions. The medicine man, nurses, medicine ladies, the ladies-who-pray, physicians, and St. Francis are perceived to be members of the health care team for the Papago people. The meaningful patterning of culturally defined behavior must be understood within the context of the Papago cultural system. As illustrated by the Tohono, \"taking care of self and others\" is highly valued, but it is only meaningful as we understand the rules of the Papago society, particularly the religious and kinship systems. These systems tell us that family members are important in taking care of themselves and others. Thus, the description in this paper of culturally patterned health practices with their rituals, ceremonies, and ways to help maintain health and heal the sick help the reader to understand the importance of health and healing behaviors within a designated cultural context. In this study, it is the Papago community and their specialty life ways of maintaining health and preventing illnesses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017785"}
{"pmid": "1017787", "title": "Of wine and bottles, old and new: an anthropological perspective on the \"new\" family physician.", "content": "Of wine and bottles, old and new: an anthropological perspective on the \"new\" family physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017787"}
{"pmid": "1017788", "title": "Gaining awareness of cultural difference: a case example.", "content": "Gaining awareness of cultural difference: a case example.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017788"}
{"pmid": "1017789", "title": "Cognitive analysis and decision-making in medical emergencies.", "content": "Cognitive analysis and decision-making in medical emergencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017789"}
{"pmid": "1017790", "title": "Oestradiol receptors in non-neoplastic gynaecomastic tissue of phenotypic males.", "content": "Oestradiol receptors in non-neoplastic gynaecomastic tissue of phenotypic males. Cytoplasmic oestradiol receptors have been reported in breast tumor tissue but not in the uninvolved tissue from the same patients. Since gynaecomastic tissue is highly predisposed to neoplastic transformation, such receptors were looked for in this tissue from 13 phenotypic males of whom 6 had Klinefelter's syndrome. High affinity saturable binding (Kd approximately 10(-10) M) of 3H-oestradiol-17 beta was found in the breast tissue from 12 of these patients by gel elution and dextran-coated charcoal techniques. The concentration of binding sites were found to range from 16 to 359 fmol/mg cytosol protein. Previous studies by the present authors showing steroid aromatising capacity and the present finding of specific oestradiol receptors in a 'high-risk tissue' in the absence of any histologically detectable neoplasms might be relevant in elucidating the natural history of breast cancer in such individuals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017790"}
{"pmid": "1017791", "title": "Radioimmunoassay for non-suppressible insulin-like activity.", "content": "Radioimmunoassay for non-suppressible insulin-like activity. By immunizing rabbits--tolerant against the bulk of normal human serum proteins--with highly purified non-suppressible insulin-like activity (NSILA-S), an antiserum was obtained which made possible the development of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay. Its sensitivity is about 30 pg NSILA-S per tube or 150 pg NSILA-S/ml. The specificity exceeds that of the bioassay used for comparison which is based in the stimulation by NSILA-S of 125IUDR incorporation into chicken fibroblasts in culture. The radioimmunoassay is sufficiently sensitive and specific to allow direct NSILA-S measurement in serum or plasma samples of humans and experimental animals. In human plasma samples NSILA-S levels, carrying between less than 0.15 and 25 ng/ml , were found to have an average of about 4 ng/ml. In rats higher levels were observed with a mean of 7.7 ng/ml in 4-week-old animals, increasing to about 60 ng/ml in 6-month-old rats. In fasting rats the NSILA-S plasma level is reduced. In acid-treated samples of plasma considerably higher NSILA-S amounts are found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017791"}
{"pmid": "1017792", "title": "Polymorphonuclear leucocyte function in hypothyroidism.", "content": "Polymorphonuclear leucocyte function in hypothyroidism. The quantitative nitroblue-tetrazolium test demonstrated that polymorphonuclear leucocytes from patients with hypothyroidism reduced the dye less well than leucocytes from euthyroid persons. The ability of these cells to ingest and kill staphylococci were unimpaired. The abnormality of the nitroblue-tetrazolium test in hypothyroid patients was corrected after their treatment with thyroxine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017792"}
{"pmid": "1017793", "title": "Failure of cyprohepatdine to inhibit vasopressin-stimulated cortisol release in a patient with Cushing's disease.", "content": "Failure of cyprohepatdine to inhibit vasopressin-stimulated cortisol release in a patient with Cushing's disease. A case of a 21-year-old woman with Cushing's disease due to a pituitary tumor is described. The patient was treated with cyprohepatadine for 4 weeks immediately following pituitary alpha-particle irradiation. A standard vasopressin test to measure ACTH-mediated cortisol release was performed four times: prior to pituitary irradiation, after irradiation, after 4 weeks of cyproheptadine therapy, and off cyproheptadine for 2 weeks. Cyproheptadine failed to modify vasopressin-stimulated cortisol release in the patient described. This study suggests that cyproheptadine, which has previously been shown to decrease ACTH secretion, probably acts principally at the hypothalamic, rather than at the pituitary level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017793"}
{"pmid": "1017796", "title": "Neuraminic acid derivatives newly discovered in humans: N-acetyl-9-O-L-lactoylneuraminic acid, N,9-O-Diacetylneuraminic acid and N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-deoxyneuraminic acid.", "content": "Neuraminic acid derivatives newly discovered in humans: N-acetyl-9-O-L-lactoylneuraminic acid, N,9-O-Diacetylneuraminic acid and N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-deoxyneuraminic acid. The free and glycosidically bound acylneuraminic acids from human serum and saliva and the free acylneuraminic acids from human urine have been characterized by thin-layer chromatography and gas-liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Acylneuraminic acid mixtures obtained from serum and saliva contain mainly N-acetylneuraminic acid and N-acetyl-9-O-L-lactoylneuraminic acid, whereas small amounts of N,9-O-diacetylneuraminic acid are also present. No free N,O-diacylneuraminic acids could be detected in the urine samples. None of the investigated fluids contained N-glycoloylneuraminic acid. The unsaturated N-acetyl-2,3-dehydro-2-deoxyneuraminic acid is usually a component of the free acylneuraminic acid fractions of serum, saliva and urine. The body fluids of a patient with sialuria contain the same O-acylated and unsaturated N-acetyl neuraminic acid derivatives as mentioned above, but the total amounts of free acylneuraminic acids in these materials are significantly higher than found for normal persons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017796"}
{"pmid": "1017797", "title": "Studies on the kynurenine adminotransferase activity in rat liver and kidney.", "content": "Studies on the kynurenine adminotransferase activity in rat liver and kidney. The kynurenine aminotransferase activity of supernatant and mitochondrial fractions obtained from rat liver and kidney was studied with L-kynurenine and L-3-hydroxykynurenine as substrates. A substrate inhibition with L-kynurenine at concentrations higher than 6-7mM was observed with all four enzyme preparations. This did not happen with L-3-hydroxykynurenine as a substrate. Moreover, the liver mitochondrial enzyme shows a Km for pyridoxal phosphate 2-4 times smaller than the other preparations when assayed with L-3-hydroxykynurenine as a substrate. Therefore, the accumulation of xanthurenic acid and not of kynurenic acid in B6 deficiency could be related both to this high activity of liver mitochondrial kynurenine aminotransferase with L-3-hydroxykynurenine, even at small concentrations of B6, and to substrate inhibition observed with L-kynurenine and not with L-3-hydroxykynurenine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017797"}
{"pmid": "1017798", "title": "Haemocyanins in spiders, III. Chemical and physical properties of the proteins in Dugesiella and Cupiennius blood.", "content": "Haemocyanins in spiders, III. Chemical and physical properties of the proteins in Dugesiella and Cupiennius blood. The haemolymph of the tarantulas, Dugesiella (Eurypelma) californica and Dugesiella (Eurypelma) helluo contains high molecular weight haemocyanin (80-82% of total blood proteins) and a second protein not related to haemocyanin (18-20%). In the Lycosid spider, Cupiennius salei, haemocyanin (75% of total blood protein) occurs in two states of association. The haemocyanins were isolated by ultracentrifugation, gel filtration, isoelectric focusing, or preparative gel electrophoresis. Their sedimentation constants are 36.7 S (both tarantulas), 23.4 S and 15.9 S (Cupiennius). After alkaline dissociation, polypeptides sedimenting at 5.8 S (D. californica) and 4.7 S (Cupiennius) were obtained. The molecular weight of the intact functional subunit is (by sedimentation equilibrium) 70 300 (D. californica) and 69 900 (Cupiennius). Copper analysis results in closely similar values. By sodium dodecylsulphate gel electrophoresis, molecular weights of 71 000 (D. californica), 72 000 (Cupiennius) and 74 000 (D. helluo) were obtained. Denaturation with various agents did not lead to smaller polypeptides. The amino acid composition of the haemocyanins was determined (Table 1). The amino end group is blocked. The haemocyanins contain 1.2-1.5% of neutral carbohydrates and 0.3-0.5% of glucosamine (possibly acetylated). The neutral carbohydrates were identified with glucose, mannose, fucose, and arabinose, glucose being the dominant species. Neuraminic acid was not detected. The haemocyanins of the three species cannot be distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties, while there is a significant difference in amino acid composition between tarantula and Cupiennius haemocyanins. The second, non-respiratory protein isolated from spider blood sediments with 16.1 S (Dugesiella) or 15.9 S (Cupiennius). Its isoelectric point is at pH 5.5 It is stable in weakly alkaline solutions but can be denatured to yield polypeptide chains with molecular weights of 95 000 and 110 000. The amino acid composition is reported. As in the haemocyanins, the N-terminus is blocked. The carbohydrate content is 0.9%, glucose being the only sugar identified.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017798"}
{"pmid": "1017799", "title": "Hydrophobic agaroses: basis for a model of multivalent effector-receptor interactions.", "content": "Hydrophobic agaroses: basis for a model of multivalent effector-receptor interactions. An increase in the density of butyl residues bound to Sepharose 4B leads to an enhancement of the affinity of these gels for phosphorylase b in the presence of 1.1M ammonium sulfate. A Hill coefficient of 2.9 indicates that a minimum of ca. 3 binding sites is involved in the positive cooperative adsorption of this enzyme. Binding studies of phosphorylase b on butyl-Sepharose of a specific degree of substitution demonstrate that the affinity of the gel for this ligand decreases as a function of fractional saturation. A Hill coefficient of 0.44 indicates negative cooperativity as a result of multivalent binding. From these observations a multivalent, mobile receptor model is derived which can explain such characteristics of effector-receptor interactions as: positive and negative cooperativity, high binding constants and low dissociation rate constants. The application of this model to experiments taken from the literature on the binding of the multivalent effectors concanavalin A and cholera toxin to fat cells shows that the postulated mode of interactions is probably realized in nature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017799"}
{"pmid": "1017800", "title": "Snake venom toxins. The amino acid sequence of three toxins (CM-2e, CM-4a and CM-) from Naja haje annulifera (Egyptian cobra) venom.", "content": "Snake venom toxins. The amino acid sequence of three toxins (CM-2e, CM-4a and CM-) from Naja haje annulifera (Egyptian cobra) venom. Three toxins (CM-2e, CM-4a and CM-7) were purified from the venom of Naja haje annulifera by gel filtration on Sephadex and by ion-exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose. They comprise 60 amino acid residues and are cross-linked by four intrachain disulphide bridges. The complete amino acid sequences of the three toxins have been elucidated. The toxicities, the serological properties, the sequences and the invariant amino acid residues of toxin CM-2e, CM-4a and CM-7 resemble the corresponding properties of the cytotoxin group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017800"}
{"pmid": "1017801", "title": "Liver cell heterogeneity. The distribution of pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) in the liver lobule of fed and starved rats.", "content": "Liver cell heterogeneity. The distribution of pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) in the liver lobule of fed and starved rats. Pyruvate kinase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activities were determined in microdissected freeze-dried liver cells from the periportal and pericentral area of the liver lobule. Pyruvate kinase activity was measured by a microfluorimetric procedure adapted to 20-200 ng tissue dry weight. In livers from fed rats, its activity was twice as high in the central zone as in the periportal cells; starvation reduced this gradient by decreasing central activities. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity was measured by a microradiochemical technique in 100-300 ng tissue dry weight. In livers from fed rats, this enzyme was nearly 3 times more active in the periportal cells than in the central area. Starvation increased this enzyme in both zones with a more pronounced change in the central cells. The results indicate a heterogeneous distribution of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the liver lobule. Gluconegenesis seems to be localized preferentially in periportal hepatocytes, whereas the glycolytic enzyme was found to be more active in cells surrounding the pericentral liver cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017801"}
{"pmid": "1017803", "title": "Effects of estrone, estradiol and estriol combined with dihydrotestosterone on mounting and lordosis behavior in castrated male rats.", "content": "Effects of estrone, estradiol and estriol combined with dihydrotestosterone on mounting and lordosis behavior in castrated male rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017803"}
{"pmid": "1017805", "title": "The effects of the antiestrogen CI-628 on sexual behavior activated by androgen or estrogen in quail.", "content": "The effects of the antiestrogen CI-628 on sexual behavior activated by androgen or estrogen in quail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017805"}
{"pmid": "1017804", "title": "Androgen dependence of a marking pheromone in rat urine.", "content": "Androgen dependence of a marking pheromone in rat urine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017804"}
{"pmid": "1017806", "title": "Hormonal control of scent marking in the Indian musk shrew, Suncus murinus viridescens (Blyth).", "content": "Hormonal control of scent marking in the Indian musk shrew, Suncus murinus viridescens (Blyth).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017806"}
{"pmid": "1017807", "title": "Effects of septal lesions on the courtship behavior of male ring doves (Streptopelia risoria).", "content": "Effects of septal lesions on the courtship behavior of male ring doves (Streptopelia risoria).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017807"}
{"pmid": "1017808", "title": "Hormonal control of male courtship behavior and female attractivity in the garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis).", "content": "Hormonal control of male courtship behavior and female attractivity in the garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis sirtalis).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017808"}
{"pmid": "1017809", "title": "Adrenal disruption of maternal behavior in the caesarean-sectioned rat.", "content": "Adrenal disruption of maternal behavior in the caesarean-sectioned rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017809"}
{"pmid": "1017810", "title": "Effects of ventromedial nucleus lesions on estradiol induced ovulation in the rat.", "content": "Effects of ventromedial nucleus lesions on estradiol induced ovulation in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017810"}
{"pmid": "1017811", "title": "Hypohaptoglobinemia in rural and urban populations of Bahia state, Brazil.", "content": "Hypohaptoglobinemia in rural and urban populations of Bahia state, Brazil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017811"}
{"pmid": "1017812", "title": "Sesamoid bones of the hand: relationships to growth, skeletal and sexual development in girls.", "content": "Sesamoid bones of the hand: relationships to growth, skeletal and sexual development in girls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017812"}
{"pmid": "1017813", "title": "Relationships between body size and second metacarpal dimensions in Oaxaca (Mexico) school children 6 to 14 years of age.", "content": "Relationships between body size and second metacarpal dimensions in Oaxaca (Mexico) school children 6 to 14 years of age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017813"}
{"pmid": "1017814", "title": "The relationship between growth in infancy and growth in adolescence: report of a longitudinal study among urban black adolescents.", "content": "The relationship between growth in infancy and growth in adolescence: report of a longitudinal study among urban black adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017814"}
{"pmid": "1017815", "title": "Total finger ridge-count and the polygenic hypothesis: a critique.", "content": "Total finger ridge-count and the polygenic hypothesis: a critique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017815"}
{"pmid": "1017816", "title": "Paternal age in relation to selected birth defects.", "content": "Paternal age in relation to selected birth defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017816"}
{"pmid": "1017817", "title": "Rural and urban Seminole Indian fertility.", "content": "Rural and urban Seminole Indian fertility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017817"}
{"pmid": "1017818", "title": "The correlations between anthropobiological and climatic variables in sub-Saharan Africa: revised estimates.", "content": "The correlations between anthropobiological and climatic variables in sub-Saharan Africa: revised estimates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017818"}
{"pmid": "1017819", "title": "Association between PTC taster status and goitre in a Papua New Guinea population.", "content": "Association between PTC taster status and goitre in a Papua New Guinea population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017819"}
{"pmid": "1017820", "title": "Relationship between reproductive fitness and anthropometric dimensions in a Mexican population.", "content": "Relationship between reproductive fitness and anthropometric dimensions in a Mexican population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017820"}
{"pmid": "1017821", "title": "Pediatric overview [editiorial].", "content": "Pediatric overview [editiorial].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017821"}
{"pmid": "1017822", "title": "Drug prescribing for the elderly.", "content": "Drug prescribing for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017822"}
{"pmid": "1017823", "title": "The geriatric patient.", "content": "The geriatric patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017823"}
{"pmid": "1017824", "title": "In Japan: health care for all and a 'demographic miracle'.", "content": "In Japan: health care for all and a 'demographic miracle'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017824"}
{"pmid": "1017825", "title": "The case of the retained antrum.", "content": "The case of the retained antrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017825"}
{"pmid": "1017826", "title": "Embryogenesis of argentaffin cells.", "content": "Embryogenesis of argentaffin cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017826"}
{"pmid": "1017827", "title": "CPK isoenzymes in evaluation of myocardial ischemic injury.", "content": "CPK isoenzymes in evaluation of myocardial ischemic injury. Enzymatic criteria for diagnosis of myocardial infarction have suffered from a lack of specificity, since enzyme elevations also occur in noncardiac disorders. The MB isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase has provided a way out of this difficulty. Not only is it specific to injured myocardium but a recently developed plasma assay makes possible both diagnosis and, in many cases, measurement of the extent of damage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017827"}
{"pmid": "1017828", "title": "Reconstruction ('undiversion') of the diverted urinary tract.", "content": "Reconstruction ('undiversion') of the diverted urinary tract. Two operations to permit urinary drainage had been performed in a 2 1/2-year-old boy born with obstructing urethral valves, but infections and other compications were a constant threat, especially since the child had only one functioning kidney. After the anomalous valves were ablated endoscopically, the urinary tract was reconstructed, as shown here, to \"undivert\" the previously fashioned ileal loop bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017828"}
{"pmid": "1017830", "title": "Dietary fiber and diverticular disease.", "content": "Dietary fiber and diverticular disease. Can the regular consumption of bran and other fibrous foods help in preventing diseases of the colon? Indirect evidence supports the idea, although much remains to be learned. It seems probable that bulkier feces could increase the diameter of the colon and prevent sudden sharp rises in pressure that are believed to be responsible for the formation of diverticula. For most people, fiber is probably harmless and it may do some good.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017830"}
{"pmid": "1017829", "title": "Our \"amber waves of grain\".", "content": "Our \"amber waves of grain\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017829"}
{"pmid": "1017831", "title": "The case of the bubbly pancreas.", "content": "The case of the bubbly pancreas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017831"}
{"pmid": "1017832", "title": "The six million dollar man.", "content": "The six million dollar man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017832"}
{"pmid": "1017833", "title": "Partial hepatectomy for metastatic carcinoma.", "content": "Partial hepatectomy for metastatic carcinoma. Three years after colonic resection for a rectal carcinoma, the patient evinced some weight loss and alkaline phosphatase elevation. Detailed workup revealed what appeared to be a solitary, well-defined metastatic lesion of the right hepatic lobe. Since the patient could be considered a good candidate for surgery, and given the grim prognosis of alternative approaches, hepatic lobectomy was carried out, as described here.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017833"}
{"pmid": "1017834", "title": "GI problems in children: II.", "content": "GI problems in children: II. Accurate differentiation of such disorders as intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis and the two types of megacolon must precede attempts at treatment. Gastroesophageal reflux, viral hepatitis, and Reye's syndrome are also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017834"}
{"pmid": "1017835", "title": "The krypton thunderbolt.", "content": "The krypton thunderbolt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017835"}
{"pmid": "1017836", "title": "Blood glucose: how reliable an indicator of brain glucose?", "content": "Blood glucose: how reliable an indicator of brain glucose? It is usually assumed that the concentration of glucose in the brain reflects that in the blood, so that measuring the latter provides an accurate index of the former. However, in two experimental situations analogous to anoxia and salicylate poisoning, brain glucose was found to be dangerously low in the presence of normal or even elevated blood glucose levels, and in these experiments administering glucose prolonged survival.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017836"}
{"pmid": "1017837", "title": "Training black physicians: the current status.", "content": "Training black physicians: the current status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017837"}
{"pmid": "1017838", "title": "Health care in Caracas and Lima--oil makes difference..", "content": "Health care in Caracas and Lima--oil makes difference..", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017838"}
{"pmid": "1017839", "title": "The case of the cardiophrenic mass.", "content": "The case of the cardiophrenic mass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017839"}
{"pmid": "1017840", "title": "Whose energy?", "content": "Whose energy?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017840"}
{"pmid": "1017841", "title": "Termination of atrial fibrillation.", "content": "Termination of atrial fibrillation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017841"}
{"pmid": "1017842", "title": "Middle ear disease in children.", "content": "Middle ear disease in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017842"}
{"pmid": "1017843", "title": "Priorities governing the care of the critically ill.", "content": "Priorities governing the care of the critically ill.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017843"}
{"pmid": "1017844", "title": "Disorders of the aging GI system.", "content": "Disorders of the aging GI system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017844"}
{"pmid": "1017845", "title": "A cytotoxic substance in insect cell culture spent media.", "content": "A cytotoxic substance in insect cell culture spent media. Spent media from five different insect cell lines when inoculated into Trichoplusia ni (TN-368) cultures produced cytotoxicity resulting in rounding and detachment of cells. The substance in spent medium from the established cellline Carpocapsa pomonella (CP-169) is believed to be a toxin, based on the failure to serially passage the agent, the early appearance of the cytotoxic effect, and the inability to detect microbes by culturing techniques as well as by electron microscopy. The ability to extract the toxic substance from CP-169 cells indicates that it is cell associated. Biophysical and biochemical properties of the CP-169 cytotoxin are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017845"}
{"pmid": "1017851", "title": "Isolation and physico-chemical characterization of bovine serum and colostral immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses--a comment.", "content": "Isolation and physico-chemical characterization of bovine serum and colostral immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses--a comment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017851"}
{"pmid": "1017852", "title": "Laser light scattering spectroscopic immunoassay for mouse IgA.", "content": "Laser light scattering spectroscopic immunoassay for mouse IgA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017852"}
{"pmid": "1017853", "title": "Laser light scattering spectroscopic immunoassay in the agglutination-inhibition mode for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and human luteinizing hormone (hLH).", "content": "Laser light scattering spectroscopic immunoassay in the agglutination-inhibition mode for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and human luteinizing hormone (hLH).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017853"}
{"pmid": "1017854", "title": "A study on cell mediated immunity to rabies virus: lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro.", "content": "A study on cell mediated immunity to rabies virus: lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017854"}
{"pmid": "1017855", "title": "Extraction of vaccinia virus and purification of vaccinia elementary body suspension with Mafron 11.", "content": "Extraction of vaccinia virus and purification of vaccinia elementary body suspension with Mafron 11.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017855"}
{"pmid": "1017856", "title": "Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of V. cholerae strains isolated in 1974.", "content": "Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of V. cholerae strains isolated in 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017856"}
{"pmid": "1017857", "title": "Bacteriological study of group D streptococci.", "content": "Bacteriological study of group D streptococci.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017857"}
{"pmid": "1017858", "title": "Classification of subjects as slow or rapid inactivators of isoniazid based on the ratio of acetylisoniazid to isoniazid in urine determined by a simple colorimetric method.", "content": "Classification of subjects as slow or rapid inactivators of isoniazid based on the ratio of acetylisoniazid to isoniazid in urine determined by a simple colorimetric method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017858"}
{"pmid": "1017859", "title": "Clinical and biochemical evaluation of low protein diet in chronic renal failure in India.", "content": "Clinical and biochemical evaluation of low protein diet in chronic renal failure in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017859"}
{"pmid": "1017860", "title": "Babies with severe intra-uterine growth retardation-linear physical growth from 0-24 months.", "content": "Babies with severe intra-uterine growth retardation-linear physical growth from 0-24 months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017860"}
{"pmid": "1017862", "title": "Alteration in the ABH blood group antigens during pregnancy--a preliminary communication.", "content": "Alteration in the ABH blood group antigens during pregnancy--a preliminary communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017862"}
{"pmid": "1017861", "title": "G-6-PD, PK, GSH levels and GSH stability in some haematological disorders.", "content": "G-6-PD, PK, GSH levels and GSH stability in some haematological disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017861"}
{"pmid": "1017863", "title": "The effect of Bengal gram on acid mucopolysaccharide content of aorta in experimental atherosclerosis.", "content": "The effect of Bengal gram on acid mucopolysaccharide content of aorta in experimental atherosclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017863"}
{"pmid": "1017864", "title": "Onion and garlic in experimental cholesterol induced atherosclerosis.", "content": "Onion and garlic in experimental cholesterol induced atherosclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017864"}
{"pmid": "1017865", "title": "Cirrhosis of the liver in rabbits induced by a high cholesterol diet--an experimental model.", "content": "Cirrhosis of the liver in rabbits induced by a high cholesterol diet--an experimental model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017865"}
{"pmid": "1017866", "title": "Dosimetry in radioisotope placentography.", "content": "Dosimetry in radioisotope placentography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017866"}
{"pmid": "1017867", "title": "Polyethylene glycol in radioimmunoassay of TSH.", "content": "Polyethylene glycol in radioimmunoassay of TSH.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017867"}
{"pmid": "1017868", "title": "Chromosomal and DNA analysis of human lymphoma cases.", "content": "Chromosomal and DNA analysis of human lymphoma cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017868"}
{"pmid": "1017870", "title": "Suicidal attempt or accident.", "content": "Suicidal attempt or accident.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017870"}
{"pmid": "1017869", "title": "Small intestinal functions in diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Small intestinal functions in diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017869"}
{"pmid": "1017871", "title": "Hodgkin's disease-histopathological study of 85 cases.", "content": "Hodgkin's disease-histopathological study of 85 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017871"}
{"pmid": "1017872", "title": "Peritoneal and haemodialysis in children.", "content": "Peritoneal and haemodialysis in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017872"}
{"pmid": "1017873", "title": "Initial manifestations of septicaemia mimiking rheumatism in children.", "content": "Initial manifestations of septicaemia mimiking rheumatism in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017873"}
{"pmid": "1017874", "title": "A clinico-bacteriological study of meningitis in infancy and childhood.", "content": "A clinico-bacteriological study of meningitis in infancy and childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017874"}
{"pmid": "1017875", "title": "Volvulus of the small bowel due to ascaris.", "content": "Volvulus of the small bowel due to ascaris.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017875"}
{"pmid": "1017876", "title": "Hydrocephalus due to prenatal infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.", "content": "Hydrocephalus due to prenatal infection with the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. The results are presented of serological examinations in a total of 4235 subjects including blood donors (341 persons), pregnant women (1784), newborns (833), patients with malignant tumours (248), patients with influenza-like diseases (548), patients with abacterial meningitis (295), infants under one year with hydrocephalus (40), infants under two years with other nervous system diseases (110), mothers of seropositive children with hydrocephalus (12) and mothers of seronegative children with hydrocephalus (24). The investigations revealed 16 cases of serologically confirmed prenatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. Immunofluorescent antibody to this virus was detected in the children in most cases at high titers and in their mothers at moderate and low titers. In 14 children hydrocephalus was manifest, one child was suffering from infantile cerebral palsy, and one child from congenital right side blepharoptosis. Foci of chorioretinal degeneration were found in 14 patients. During pregnancy six mothers had an influenza-like illness; the other ten mothers denied any disease associated with fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017876"}
{"pmid": "1017877", "title": "Concentrations of cefazolin in human skeletal muscle.", "content": "Concentrations of cefazolin in human skeletal muscle. Tissue concentrations of cefazolin were measured in 18 patients undergoing urological operations. Specimens of skeletal muscle and blood were taken simultaneously at predetermined intervals. The concentrations in serum and homogenized skeletal muscle were determined by means of the agar well diffusion method. A comparison of standard curves obtained with phosphate buffer solution and the supernatant of muscle homogenate revealed no substantial binding of cefazolin to the supernatant of muscle homogenate. Because of methodological difficulties in determining the different compartments of a tissue specimen concentrations in tissue were not corrected. Within two hours after a short infusion (25 min.) of 2 g of Cefazolin in muscle tissue a peak concentration of 20 mug/g was reached. A tissue level above 10 mug/g maintained for three hours. This concentration is high enough to inhibit nearly all strains of E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella and a large part of Proteus mirabilis, whereas nearly all gram-positive bacteria are inhibited at a lower concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017877"}
{"pmid": "1017878", "title": "Viridans streptococci associated with periapical dental abscesses.", "content": "Viridans streptococci associated with periapical dental abscesses. Viridans streptococci isolated in apparently pure culture from periapical dental abscess have been examined. It has been found that each abscesses is associated with only one type of a given species of Streptococcus. The distribution of types of Strep. mitis found in abscesses differed from the distribution in healthy mouths, but no particular type occurred significantly more often in abscesses than in mouths.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017878"}
{"pmid": "1017880", "title": "Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of netilmicin.", "content": "Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of netilmicin. Comparative functional and histological tests were performed in eight groups of ten quinea pigs each, which were administered 50, 75, 100 and 150 mg of netilmicin respecitvely b.i.d. for 29 days, 15 and 25 mg of gentamicin and 50 and 100 mg of amikacin per kg body weight respecitvely b.i.d. and in one control group of ten animals. The tests showed a low degree of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity of netilmicin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017880"}
{"pmid": "1017885", "title": "Dextran-induced anaphylactoid reactions in man: role of dextran reactive antibodies.", "content": "Dextran-induced anaphylactoid reactions in man: role of dextran reactive antibodies. Dextran reactive antibodies (DRA) were studied in 123 patients having experienced dextran-induced anaphylactoid reactions (DIAR) during 1970-1975. No evidence for reaginic DRA was obtained by radioallergosorbent technique and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in Cynomolgus monkeys; total IgE levels were within normal range. It is concluded that DIAR are not mediated by dextran-specific reagins. Further, no reaginic antibodies against potential contaminants from the dextran manufacturing process were demonstrable. In two population samples of normal human sera from Sweden and Germany hemagglutinating DRA (IgG, IgA, and IgM classes) were found in 63 and 74%, high titres (16-256) comprising 14 and 25%. In dextran reactors a direct positive correlation between titres of hemagglutinating DRA and increasing severity of DIAR was observed. The accumulation of high DRA titres in severe reactions may be taken as circumstantial evidence for the causal role of hemagglutinating DRA in these cases. However, if high titres of DRA alone were responsible for triggering DIAR, the expected frequency would be more than thousand times higher than the reported global incidence of DIAR. To explain this discrepancy, involvement of certain Ig classes or subgroups, possibly in combination with other predisposing factors is suggested. In mild reactions DRA appear to play a negligible role. Positive dextran wheal and flare reactions, often correlated with high titres of hemagglutinating DRA, were seen in 32% of dextran reactors, indicating that skin tests are of limited predictive value. No significant difference between sexes, age groups, or pre- and intraoperatively started dextran infusions was observed; association with certain diseases was not apparent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017885"}
{"pmid": "1017886", "title": "Effect of catecholamines and sympatholytics on survival and circulatory parameters in protracted anaphylactic shock of guinea pigs.", "content": "Effect of catecholamines and sympatholytics on survival and circulatory parameters in protracted anaphylactic shock of guinea pigs. Protracted anaphylactic shock of guinea pigs led to death in over 90% of the animals, and good protection was obtained with an infusion of adrenaline after dibenamine pretreatment. Adrenaline alone, in doses which prevented the anaphylactic fall of arterial blood pressure, had no beneficial effect. Practolol abolished the therapeutic action of the combination of dibenamine/adrenaline. Stimulation of beta-receptors by isoproterenol did not increase the survival rate. With dopamine, however, a significant prolongation of the survival times was obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017886"}
{"pmid": "1017887", "title": "The requirement of thymus competence for both humoral and cell-mediated steps in expulsion of Nippostorngylus brasiliensis from mice.", "content": "The requirement of thymus competence for both humoral and cell-mediated steps in expulsion of Nippostorngylus brasiliensis from mice. The worm damaging process (step 1 of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis expulsion from rodents) does not occur in congenitally thymus-deficient (nude) mice as determined by worm morphology, female worm fecundity, and kinetics of worm expulsion upon transfer into normal rats. Expulsion of damaged N. brasiliensis (step 2) does not occur subsequent to transfer of such worms from rats into nude mice. Morphological changes and reduced fecundity appeared in adult worms from normal thymus-bearing mice as early as the first day of patency (day 6 of infection). Thus, the worm damaging process is initiated several days earlier in mice than in rats and may, therefore, account for the reduced longevity of N. brasiliensis in mice compared with rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017887"}
{"pmid": "1017888", "title": "Cryoprecipitates and immune complexes: differentiation between cold insoluble immune complexes and nonspecific cryoprecipitates.", "content": "Cryoprecipitates and immune complexes: differentiation between cold insoluble immune complexes and nonspecific cryoprecipitates. Cold insoluble circulating immune complexes occurred in 77% of rabbits immunized with 125I BSA. 9.8% of the total cryoprotein was 125I BSA. This represented 43% of the serum antigen. Tripling the antigen concentration in vitro decreased the amount of cold insoluble antigen by as much as 83%. In nonspecific cryoprecipitates only 0.4% of the total cryoprotein was 125I BSA. This represented only 0.028% of the serum antigen. Tripling of the antigen concentration in vitro increased the amount of cold insoluble antigen. Cold insoluble circulating immune complexes occur at a critical antigen-antibody ratio and can be differentiated from nonspecific cryoprecipitates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017888"}
{"pmid": "1017889", "title": "Effect of alterations in metabolic rate on the duration of tolerance in neonatally injected animals.", "content": "Effect of alterations in metabolic rate on the duration of tolerance in neonatally injected animals. Exposure to low environmental temperature caused a decrease in the half-life of human albumin (HA) in rabbits injected with 20 mg HA at birth, and a twofold increase in the proportion of animals which lost their tolerance by 150 days of age. Administration of thyroxin produced an even greater effect with respect to tolerance loss. Simlar mechanisms may be involved in the effects of cold exposure and thyroxin administration on tolerance duration. One possible mecahnism is that the duration of tolerance is dependent upon the metabolic half-life of the tolerance-inducing antigen. An alternative mechanism could be a cold- or thyroxin-induced enhancement of the recruitment of immunologically competent cells from an undifferentiated population of stem cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017889"}
{"pmid": "1017890", "title": "Studies on passive transfer of anti-dextran and anti-egg albumin reactivity in the rat.", "content": "Studies on passive transfer of anti-dextran and anti-egg albumin reactivity in the rat. We were unable, passively, to transfer reactivity against dextran to the skin or peritoneal mast cells of non-dextran-reactive rats, by using serum or material eluted at pH 3 from mast cells of spontaneously dextran-reactive rats. When the dextran-reactive donor rats had also been immunized against egg albumin (EA) with pertussis vaccine (inducing IgE anti-EA antibody), passive sensitivity against EA (but not against dextran) could easily be transferred. The results indicated that the anti-dextran reactivity is not due to IgE antibody. Systemic reactions against dextran and EA differed in pattern, supporting the concept that the two substances acted through different mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017890"}
{"pmid": "1017891", "title": "IgE production in five inbred rat strains following immunization with alum-precipitated egg albumin.", "content": "IgE production in five inbred rat strains following immunization with alum-precipitated egg albumin. Five inbred rat strains were assessed for their ability to mount IgE responses to alum-precipitated egg albumin (alum EA). Fischer (FI) and Lewis (LE) rats which possess the B1 at the major histocompatibility (Ag-G) locus exhibited weak IgE responses to this antigen. High titer IgE responses were obtained in rats possessing the B3 allele at the Ag-B locus. In some instances the anti-EA IgE response was enhanced following an infection with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. An effort was also made in these studies to determine whether or not there is some correlation between high IgE production and a depressed capacity for cellular immunity. The basis of these experiments was twofold: (a) recent reports have shown elevated serum levels of IgE in some clinical diseases where cellular immunity is depressed, and (b) in the studies reported here, high titers of IgE were obtained in one rat strain known to be somewhat deficient in its capacity for cellular immunity, whereas very low titers were produced by a strain which is much stronger in this respect. From the results obtained, there appears to be no correlation between IgE production and an inherently weaker capacity for cellular immunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017891"}
{"pmid": "1017892", "title": "Adenylate cyclase activity in heart and lung: effect of epinephrine and histamine in control and sensitized guinea pigs.", "content": "Adenylate cyclase activity in heart and lung: effect of epinephrine and histamine in control and sensitized guinea pigs. The effect of epinephrine and histamine on adenylate cyclase activity in lungs and hearts of control and ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pigs was investigated. Epinephrine at 10(-6) M concentration stimulated adenylate cyclase from both organs of the sensitized animals but had no effect on the enzyme from control tissues. At 10(-4) M, epinephrine stimulated equally the enzyme activity from the control and sensitized lungs and hearts. Histamine, 10(-6) and 10(-4), stimulated equally adenylate cyclase in tissues from both groups of animals. The results suggest that ovalbumin sensitization leads to hypersensitivity of the beta-adrenergic receptors to epinephrine without changing their sensitivity to histamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017892"}
{"pmid": "1017893", "title": "Diagnosis of reaginic allergy with house dust, animal dander and pollen allergens in adult patients. I. A comparison between RAST, skin tests and provocation tests.", "content": "Diagnosis of reaginic allergy with house dust, animal dander and pollen allergens in adult patients. I. A comparison between RAST, skin tests and provocation tests. RAST analyses were performed with house dust, animal dander and eleven pollen allergens in 410 adult patients with asthma and/or rhinitis and the findings were compared with skin test and provocation test results. The overall correlation between 1,316 provocation tests and RAST was 78% and the correlation between 1,778 skin tests and RAST was 66%. The relationships between RAST and in vivo tests differed considerably from allergen to allergen. No significant differences were found between various age groups. According to the in vivo tests the RAST showed more often positive results in patients with pronounced allergy than in patients with low-grade allergy. Higher RAST classes were most often combined with positive in vivo tests. It is concluded that in cases with RAST classes 2-4, a reasonably well-established allergy diagnosis can be reached without the inclusion of additional in vivo tests. In other cases, however, application of further diagnostic methods is required.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017893"}
{"pmid": "1017894", "title": "Immunoglobulins in nasal secretion with special reference to IgE. I. Methodological studies.", "content": "Immunoglobulins in nasal secretion with special reference to IgE. I. Methodological studies. Different ways of collecting relatively large volumes of nasal secretion with as physiological a composition as possible were studied. Nasal secretion was collected by the so-called nasal spray washing method from 5 patients with allergic rhinitis due to pollen and 5 healthy persons during a pollen-free season. The collection was performed without any provocation and following nasal provocation with histamine or allergen solution. With the radioimmunosorbent test, in which the lower limit of measurement was 0.1 units/ml, IgE could be quantified in 52 of 60 analysed secretions. IgA, IgG and albumin were demonstrated in all secretions. In the allergic patients, following histamine and allergen provocation, a relative increase in the concentration of IgE and albumin and a significant decrease of the IgA/albumin ratio in nasal secretion was found. In the healthy subjects, such changes in the secretion were observed only after histamine provocation. Calculations also suggested some local production of IgE, but not at all of the same order of magnitude as of IgA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017894"}
{"pmid": "1017897", "title": "In vitro activity of anti-DNA antibodies from SLE patients in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.", "content": "In vitro activity of anti-DNA antibodies from SLE patients in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Peripheral blood lymphoid cells from normal individuals were cytotoxic to target cells coated with DNA when incubated with serum from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but not when incubated with serum from normal subjects. Sera from SLE patients with clinically acitve disease were more active than sera obtained from those patients in remission. In the absence of normal lymphocytes, SLE sera were not cytotoxic to the DNA-coated cells. The active fraction in the serum appeared to be IgG anti-DNA antibodies. These studies indicate that anti-DNA can operate through the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity mechanisms in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017897"}
{"pmid": "1017896", "title": "Anaphylactoid reactions in rats and the blood sugar level.", "content": "Anaphylactoid reactions in rats and the blood sugar level. When the blood sugar level in rats is reduced by insulin, the carrageenan-anaphylactoid reaction in one hindpaw is inhibited although the dextran-anaphylactoid reaction in the other hindpaw of the same animals is potentiated. When the blood sugar level is raised after alloxan pretreatment, the carrageenan reaction is potentiated whereas the dextran reaction is inhibited. The results support the hypothesis that the two local irritants exert their effects by involving different mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017896"}
{"pmid": "1017898", "title": "Carrageenan and dextran in rats.", "content": "Carrageenan and dextran in rats. Carrageenan injected subcutaneously into one hindpaw of the rat produces an anaphylactoid reaction which prevents the same paw responding to a second dose 14 days later but does not alter the response to dextran. However, dextran does not modify the response of the hindpaw to a subsequent dose of either dextran or carrageenan 14 days later. When using these models of inflammation for testing the anti-inflammatory activity of drugs, valuable extra information may be gained by adopting the cross-over technique and using both paws of each animal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017898"}
{"pmid": "1017895", "title": "Immunoglobulins in nasal secretion with special reference to IgE. II. Seasonal studies of Timothy-specific IgE-antibody in patients with allergic rhinitis.", "content": "Immunoglobulins in nasal secretion with special reference to IgE. II. Seasonal studies of Timothy-specific IgE-antibody in patients with allergic rhinitis. 14 adult patients with allergic rhinitis due to timothy pollen were observed for 13 weeks during the grass pollen season. IgE, IgA and timothy-specific IgE antibodies could be quantified in all serum and secretion samples. Total IgE and specific IgE antibodies in both serum and secretion reached significantly higher levels in samples taken during and after the pollen season than before the season. These seasonal changes proved to be significantly more pronounced in nasal secretion than in serum. An indication of local production in the nasal mucosa of IgE, IgA and secific IgE antibodies was also found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017895"}
{"pmid": "1017899", "title": "Serologic languages and the A1-A2 blood groups.", "content": "Serologic languages and the A1-A2 blood groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017899"}
{"pmid": "1017900", "title": "Factors in the tissue eosinophil responses in human immediate hypersensitivity reactions.", "content": "Factors in the tissue eosinophil responses in human immediate hypersensitivity reactions. Factors underlying the eosinophil responses in the tissue sites of immediate hypersensitivity reactions have been investigated. A quantitative assessment of the number of eosinophils appearing in skin test reactions to ragweed antigen and compound 48/80 in ragweed-sensitive humans has been compared with several other parameters. There was a moderate, statistically significant, correlation with serum levels of IgE-class antiragweed antibody; also, eosinophil responses were minimal or absent in minimally positive threshold dilution skin tests. Tissue eosinophil responses were generally limited to those with baseline blood eosinophil levels of at least 150 mm3; however, there was no correlation between blood and tissue eosinophil levels in individual subjects. These findings suggest that the pathogenesis of the observed tissue eosinophil responses may be multifactorial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017900"}
{"pmid": "1017901", "title": "Preparation and stability of 131I-tetracycline.", "content": "Preparation and stability of 131I-tetracycline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017901"}
{"pmid": "1017903", "title": "From heroin to methadone-social role changes and reinforcement differentials in relation to outcome on methadone. Part II. The study of social role changes.", "content": "From heroin to methadone-social role changes and reinforcement differentials in relation to outcome on methadone. Part II. The study of social role changes. The life-styles of addicts who are Successful, Marginally Successful, and Failures in a methadone maintenance program are examined by in-depth interviews in five time periods-early family life, the preheroin period, late heroin, premethadone, and methadone maintenance. The hypothesis is confirmed that the more the methadone patient has managed to develop a new and more conventional set of peer group, familial, and occupational roles, the greater the likelihood of his success on methadone maintenance. The in-depth view of the groups over time suggests that the pattern of alternation of positive reinforcements and punishing situations may be associated with outcome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017903"}
{"pmid": "1017904", "title": "Behavioral competence training: a model of rehabilitation.", "content": "Behavioral competence training: a model of rehabilitation. Approaches to the treatment and rehabilitation of drug abuse populations are examined. It is argued that a new model is needed which will more effectively assist in the task of rehabilitation than traditional psychiatric treatment or completely medically oriented programs. A Behavioral Competence Training Model is proposed, based on learning concepts of behavior and psychosocial definitions of adjustment. Its implications for assessment, therapeutic design, and research are discussed. It is concluded that despite possible limitations, the model has a definite place in the rehabilitative process, and may effectively be included in any multiform program serving a diverse population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017904"}
{"pmid": "1017905", "title": "The veridicality of addicts' self-reports in social research.", "content": "The veridicality of addicts' self-reports in social research. This report examines the accuracy or veridicality of information obtained through interviews with drug addicts. Comparisons were made between the self-reports on six items of the interview and official records of the Baltimore City Police Department, the Baltimore City Juvenile Court, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The findings provide no evidence of systematic distortion intended to \"cover-up\" the criminal side of addict life. While errors of recall probably do affect self-reports, the incomplete status of official records frequently used to validate self-reports should be of equal concern.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017905"}
{"pmid": "1017906", "title": "Group embedded figures test performance as a predictor of cognitive impairment among alcoholics.", "content": "Group embedded figures test performance as a predictor of cognitive impairment among alcoholics. The present study investigated the sensitivity of the Group Embedded Figures Test (GEFT) as a predictor of cognitive impairment among alcoholics. The GEFT, Shipley-Hartford, and Memory-for-Designs tests were administered to 90 male alcoholics. GEFT performance correlated significantly with measures of impairment even when the influence of age and education were controlled. Field-dependent Ss performed at a significantly more impaired level on measures of abstract reasoning, perceptual-motor function, and short-term visual-spatial memory when compared with intermediate and field independent Ss; no differences were found among groups on general verbal ability. The results suggest that the GEFT might profitably be included in screening batteries for impaired cognitive function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017906"}
{"pmid": "1017907", "title": "Drug dependence and self-esteem.", "content": "Drug dependence and self-esteem. A number of recent studies have dealt with variables related to self-esteem, but despite suggestions in the literature, there are few empirical studies concerned with the association between self-esteem and drug dependence. In an investigation of self-esteem, 71 subjects completed semantic differential forms for their self and ideal-self concepts. Four hypotheses were investigated. It was predicted that differences in self-esteem (as measured by the discrepancy between self and ideal-self concepts), would be found between inpatient and outpatient groups, males and females, intravenous and oral users, and between drug-dependent subjects and a control group. No differences were found between inpatients and outpatients, or between intravenous and oral groups. However, females who were dependent upon drugs were found to have lower self-esteem than males in terms of the evaluation factor. No such sex differences were found between all drug groups and the control group on the evaluation and potency factors. It is suggested that the results show considerable deficiencies of self-esteem among drug-dependent patients, and that female addicts are especially deficient in this respect. In terms of etiology, this association between drug dependence and low self-esteem may indicate that those individuals with a deficient self-image who are exposed to drugs may be at risk; this may carry implications also for alcohol and nicotine dependence. It is suggested that self-image therapy may be of value for certain drug-dependent patients, especially females.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017907"}
{"pmid": "1017908", "title": "Nonmedical drug use by high school students: a three-year survey study.", "content": "Nonmedical drug use by high school students: a three-year survey study. The characteristics of high school student nonmedical drug users and nonusers were assessed by three successive yearly surveys. The surveys asked about respondents' personal, parent, and family characteristics; their behavior; their attitudes concerning themselves; their parents and family, adult society, and school. Drug use estimates for respondents' parents and peers, as well as themselves, were also assessed. Drug users were consistently different from nonusers in many areas. The incidence of drug increased in each of the three successive surveys, drug users tending to be older and male. With regard to behavior, drug users more frequently acted in a nonadult approved manner than nonusers. Drug users estimated their parents more likely to use alcohol and cigarettes, and estimated more peers to use nonmedical drugs than nonusers. Prediction of drug users from the data could be made with 80% and better accuracy. The findings are discussed in terms of their significance in understanding the nature of adolescent drug use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017908"}
{"pmid": "1017909", "title": "A follow-up study of dropouts from a methadone maintenance program.", "content": "A follow-up study of dropouts from a methadone maintenance program. This is a follow-up study of 112 dropouts from one of the largest methadone maintenance programs in New York City. It was found that 47% of the sample were on methadone at other programs at the time of the follow-up interviews, 26% were drug-free, 16% were using drugs, and 11% were in institutions. However, because of certain sample biases, inferences to the total population of dropouts were made through weighted estimates. A more accurate, although approximated, percentage distribution of the outcomes is that 20% of all dropouts were on methadone at other programs, 43% were drug-free, 23% were using heroin again, and 14% were in institutions. Some of the implications of these findings are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017909"}
{"pmid": "1017910", "title": "An application of stepwise discriminant analysis to the characterization of military heroin dependents, illicit drug users, and psychiatric patients.", "content": "An application of stepwise discriminant analysis to the characterization of military heroin dependents, illicit drug users, and psychiatric patients. This application of stepwise discriminant analysis explores a way to structure skewed-sample interview data, discusses some implications of the results and the conceptual limitations of assumptions about deviancy, and suggests a focus for future studies of the complex phenomena of drug abuse. The methodology differs from previous reports in that it uses a constant probability level, letting the computational procedure determine the number of significant variables. It also provides a method of determining the \"chance\" level (the amount of correct classification when there are no differences between the groups) so that the observed correct classification values may be usefully interpreted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017910"}
{"pmid": "1017911", "title": "A unique approach to methadone maintenance service delivery.", "content": "A unique approach to methadone maintenance service delivery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017911"}
{"pmid": "1017912", "title": "Prediction of successful response to multimodality treatment among heroin addicts.", "content": "Prediction of successful response to multimodality treatment among heroin addicts. In an effort to identify predictor variables associated with successful response to multimodality treatment among heroin addicts, this investigation compared addict-clients classified by means of behavioral ratings into success and failure groups on 16 social history and 18 psychological variables using stepwise discrimination techniques. Statistical analyses correctly classified 100% of the treatment failure group and 92% of treatment successes. Successful clients were characterized by more advanced educational achievement at intake, later onset of opiate use, higher scores on MMPI Scales Es and L, and lower scores on MMPI Scale 7. Results suggest that collection and nanlyses of such data at intake may provide a reliable basis for prediction of treatment outcome as well as an objective means for early identification of \"high risk\" individuals who may require a more concentrated and individualized therapeutic effort.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017912"}
{"pmid": "1017913", "title": "Evaluation of drug prevention programs by youths in a middle-class community.", "content": "Evaluation of drug prevention programs by youths in a middle-class community. Based on an analysis of data fron a survey of middle-class junior and senior high school youths in a New York City surban community, this paper examines: (1) young peoples' reaction to various drug prevention programs in which they have involved and (2) the program topics they would like to see discussed. Important relationships are found to exist between substance use, prevention program evaluations, and desired program topics. The results suggest that the youths selectively relate to and want prevention experiences that confirm their substance relationships.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017913"}
{"pmid": "1017914", "title": "Retention of patients in the New York City methadone maintenance treatment program.", "content": "Retention of patients in the New York City methadone maintenance treatment program. The retention, termination, and readmission of patients admitted to the New York City Methadone Maintenance Program from November 1970 through the end of 1973 were analyzed. Sixty-seven percent of patients remained in continuous treatment for 1 year and 50% for 2 years. The retention of patients admitted in successive years declined. Women had somewhat higher retention than men, as did patients over age 30 compared with those 30 or under; there were no differences among ethnic groups. Termination rates were determined for specific reasons for termination from the program as a function of length of time in treatment and also for calendar trimesters. A sharp increase in the rate of voluntary terminations was noted during the second and third trimesters of 1973. Rates of readmission to the program were obtained, specific for reason for first termination and length of time in initial treatment. One out of five terminated patients was readmitted to the program within 24 months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017914"}
{"pmid": "1017915", "title": "Minamata disease with a long-term follow-up.", "content": "Minamata disease with a long-term follow-up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017915"}
{"pmid": "1017916", "title": "Pathogenesis of mental retardation in amino acid disorders.", "content": "Pathogenesis of mental retardation in amino acid disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017916"}
{"pmid": "1017917", "title": "Historical reflections on the backgrounds of neurophysiology: inhibition, excitation, and integration of activity.", "content": "Historical reflections on the backgrounds of neurophysiology: inhibition, excitation, and integration of activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017917"}
{"pmid": "1017918", "title": "Connections of superficial and internal adrenal veins.", "content": "Connections of superficial and internal adrenal veins. Histologic specimens, microangiograms, as well as corrosion and dissection preparations of 220 human adrenals were evaluated in order to determine the venous pattern. All the glands were subjected to examination after injection of Micropaque into the central vein. Numerous connections of intra-and extraglandular veins were demonstrated. They varied in calibre from a few microns to 2 mm. The distribution of anastomoses was not uniform. They was much more numerous of the anterior aspect than on the posterior of renal surfaces of the gland. The anastomoses play an important part in adrenal function and adrenal circulation, creating the possibilty of bidirectional onflow of the venous blood from the gland. Such venous arrangement permits to ligate safely the central vein and to fill both venous systems (intra-and extraglandular) with opaque medium during adrenophlebography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017918"}
{"pmid": "1017920", "title": "Uremic autonomic neuropathy: evaluation of ephedrine sulphate therapy for hemodialysis-induced hypotension.", "content": "Uremic autonomic neuropathy: evaluation of ephedrine sulphate therapy for hemodialysis-induced hypotension. The hemodynamic response to ephedrine sulphate were studied in a patient on maintenance hemodialysis therapy with chronic renal failure due to renal amyloidosis. The evaluation (including cardiac catheterization studies) and estimation of responses to Valsalva maneuvers before and after ephedrine administration documented the diagnosis of autonomic insufficiency. Oral ephedrine failed to influence the episodes of severe dialysis-induced hypotension. Also the patient did not benefit from the infusion of Aramine. These studies suggest that catecholamine stores of adrenergic nerves may be depleted in uremic patients with clinical signs of autonomic neuropathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017920"}
{"pmid": "1017921", "title": "Double renal biopsy with Menghini needle.", "content": "Double renal biopsy with Menghini needle. The complications of percutaneous renal biopsy with Menghini needle, performed in 400 cases by the author, are reviewed. Position of the kidney was located by intravenous pyelography and was checked by further radiography if 1. the pyelogram was of inadequate technique, 2. the kidneys were small, or 3. ptotic. In two thirds of the cases the specimens were taken in duplicates, so as to provide sufficient material for light-, electron-, polarization-microscopic and immunofluorescent studies. On the evidence of the present observations the technique of double biopsy involves no higher incidence of complications than the conventional procedure, nor did it cause complications of major severity in the individual cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017921"}
{"pmid": "1017919", "title": "Tumours of the testis. A report of 128 cases.", "content": "Tumours of the testis. A report of 128 cases. The records of 128 patients treated between 1960 and 1971 at the University Hospital, Lund, because of tumour of the testis were analysed in respect of age at onset of the tumour, symptoms, histology, diagnosis, treatment and survival rate. Teratoma occured in 67 cases, in the majority at the age of 20-30 years. Treatment consisted in orchiectomy, lymphadenectomy, administration of cytostatics and radiation alone or combined, depending upon the histology and spread of the tumour. The 5-year survival rate was 40%. Sixty-one patients had seminoma, most of which appeared between 30 and 40 years of age. The patients were treated with orchiectomy and radiation. The 5-year survival rate was 82%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017919"}
{"pmid": "1017922", "title": "Q fever in the Republic of Ireland.", "content": "Q fever in the Republic of Ireland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017922"}
{"pmid": "1017923", "title": "Food consumption trends in Ireland.", "content": "Food consumption trends in Ireland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017923"}
{"pmid": "1017924", "title": "Glucose tolerance in viral hepatitis.", "content": "Glucose tolerance in viral hepatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017924"}
{"pmid": "1017925", "title": "Left colon reconstruction of the pharynx after pharyngolaryngectomy.", "content": "Left colon reconstruction of the pharynx after pharyngolaryngectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017925"}
{"pmid": "1017926", "title": "Non-paraprotein producing myeloma.", "content": "Non-paraprotein producing myeloma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017926"}
{"pmid": "1017927", "title": "Typing of hyperlipoproteinemia in an Israel hospital.", "content": "Typing of hyperlipoproteinemia in an Israel hospital. In this study we report on lipid and lipoprotein levels among a patient population at the Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem. The normal group consisted at 65 examinees whose mean plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels were 208 and 104 mg/dl, respectively. Lipoprotein lipid levels were determined after ultracentrifugation and specific polyanion precipitation. All procedures were monitored by lipoprotein electrophoresis on paper. The mean levels of very low density, low density and high density lipoproteins of the normal group, expressed as cholesterol, were 24, 140 and 44 mg/dl, respectively. Of the 285 patients investigated, 280 were classified as having lipoprotein patterns of type IIa (117), IIb (90) or IV (73); two patients had type III; and three patients had type V hyperlipoproteinemia. All groups differed considerably in their plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels. Based on individual values the ratios of plasma triglyceride to plasma cholesterol and plasma triglyceride to very low density lipid cholesterol were calculated. The low density lipoprotein cholesterol content was also calculated by subtracting the high density lipoprotein and an assumed very low density lipoprotein cholesterol content (plasma triglyceride level divided by 5) from the total plasma cholesterol. It is suggested that by the use of these values, together with lipoprotein electrophoretic procedures, the ocrrect typing of hyperlipoproteinemia can be established for most patients, without the use of the ultracentrifuge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017927"}
{"pmid": "1017928", "title": "Effects of exposure to Finnish sauna.", "content": "Effects of exposure to Finnish sauna. Pathophysiological effects of exposure to Finnish sauna (80 to 90 C, 30 to 40% relative humidity) were investigated in 60 volunteers--33 men and 27 women aged between 18 and 63 years. The volunteers entered the sauna after a rest period of 20 min, and remained there for 20 min or until they suffered discomfort. Weight, height, rectal and skin temperatures, blood pressure, heart and respiratory rates and ECG were recorded 20 min prior to the sauna, during the sauna, and 20 min after leaving the sauna. Marked physiological changes appeared in the first few minutes in the sauna without any prodromal warning. At the 20th min the mean heart rate was 143 +/- 25 (SD) beats/min (greater than 160 beats/min in 32% of the subjects). Mean rectal temperature was 38.6 +/- 0.6 (SD) C (greater than 39 C in 22%): mean skin temperature was 40.4 +/- 1 (SD) C (greater than 40 C in 35%); mean systolic blood pressure was 130.5 +/- 26.6 (SD) mm Hg (greater than 160 mm Hg in 17%); and mean diastolic pressure was 66.6 +/- 15.9 (SD) mm Hg (greater than 50 mm Hg in 17%). The mean total sweat loss was 457 +/- 264 (SD) g. Three subjects experienced syncope, and one developed an anginal attack; ECG changes suggestive of coronary insufficiency were recorded. No decrease in blood pressure occurred in patients with preexisting high blood pressure. It is concluded that sauna bathing involves dangers to the bather's health, which may appear suddenly, without prodromal warning signs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017928"}
{"pmid": "1017929", "title": "Cardiovascular complications in matched pairs of low and normal renin hypertensive patients.", "content": "Cardiovascular complications in matched pairs of low and normal renin hypertensive patients. A nomogram for plasma renin activity (PRA), based on 31 normal volunteers, was constructed, and the 95% tolerance limits were computed to the regression line of PRA on 24-h urinary sodium excretion. On this nomogram, reproducibility of the PRA profile for the same patient with essential hypertension was good. Retrospectively, 20 essential hypertension patients with low PRA were matched for age and sex with essential hypertension patients with normal PRA. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in either the number of cardiovascular complications or in the blood pressure means. It is concluded that the incidence of cardiovascular complications tends to be similar in all cases of essential hypertension of a similar degree of severity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017929"}
{"pmid": "1017930", "title": "Variations in acoustic admittance related to type of ear tip. A plea for a standardized method.", "content": "Variations in acoustic admittance related to type of ear tip. A plea for a standardized method. In order to assess the validity of using various ear tips, tympanometry and acoustic admittance were studied in 20 young healthy subjects, and three different types of ear tip used to seal the external auditory canal. Significant variations in the admittance components and tympanometry curves were observed, resulting most probably from changes in the canal volume and the physical nature of the tipe. It appears advisable to develop and adopt an appropriate, standard ear tip for studies of admittance audiometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017930"}
{"pmid": "1017931", "title": "Effect of levan on the stages of development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.", "content": "Effect of levan on the stages of development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis was induced in male guinea pigs of the N13 strain by inoculation of an emulsion of basic protein of myelin with complete Freund's adjuvant. The disease was also passively transferred to other animals of the same strain by i.p. injection of sensitized lymphocytes obtained from donors inoculated with the antigenic emulsion eight days previously. Daily administration of levan markedly reduced the incidence and severity of the disease in actively sensitized animals. Little, if any, effect was obtained by levan treatment of animals with the passively transferred disease. The findings indicate that the previously reported inhibitory effect of levan on the development of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis is probably due mainly to a derangement of the afferent path (stage of sensitization). Administration of levan also causes a depletion of lymphocytes in the lymph nodes and this may presumably also affect the efferent path.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017931"}
{"pmid": "1017932", "title": "Echocardiographic findings in constrictive pericarditis. A case report.", "content": "Echocardiographic findings in constrictive pericarditis. A case report. The echocardiographic findings in a 73-year-old woman with constrictive calcified pericarditis are presented. The diagnosis was confirmed by physical examination, chest X-rays and cardiac catheterization. The echocardiogram demonstrated abnormal motion of the interventricular septum and of the left ventricular posterior wall, multiple thickened echoes of the posterior pericardium, and a localized dense band of anterior pericardial echoes, which corresponded to the calcification seen on the chest X-ray.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017932"}
{"pmid": "1017934", "title": "Hypercalcemia during the polyuric stage of acute renal failure.", "content": "Hypercalcemia during the polyuric stage of acute renal failure. Hypercalcemia developed during the polyuric phase of acute renal failure in a patient with crush injury. The hypercalcemia persisted for one week, with a maximal serum calcium level of 13.1 mg/dl. Possible mechanisms for the hypercalcemia are discussed, with emphasis on the combined effect of extensive tissue damage and acute renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017934"}
{"pmid": "1017933", "title": "Prenatal diagnosis of heterozygous beta-thalassemia.", "content": "Prenatal diagnosis of heterozygous beta-thalassemia. The parents of a child with homozygous thalassemia of the beta O variety requested prenatal diagnosis during a subsequent pregnancy. At the 19th week of pregnancy, a sample of blood containing fetal cells was obtained by placentocentesis. Radiochromatography of globin chains demonstrated production of a beta-chain with a beta/gamma synthetic ratio of 0.049, which is low for this gestational age. The conclusion that the child would be heterozygous for the beta-thalassemia gene was confirmed after birth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017933"}
{"pmid": "1017936", "title": "Osteogenesis imperfecta with mitral insufficiency due to ballooning of the mitral valve. A case report.", "content": "Osteogenesis imperfecta with mitral insufficiency due to ballooning of the mitral valve. A case report. A further case of osteogenesis imperfecta with valvular heart disease is added to the 12 already reported in the literature. The presence of a dilated mitral annulus and a ballooned mitral leaflet in this case together with the findings reported in the literature leave little doubt as to the relationship between the valvular lesion and the underlying connective tissue disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017936"}
{"pmid": "1017935", "title": "Chordal rupture: a common complication of myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve.", "content": "Chordal rupture: a common complication of myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve. In two patients with a clinical picture of acute mitral insufficiency, the presence of chordal rupture secondary to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve was disclosed during surgery. There was no evidence of previous rheumatic valvulitis, subacute bacterial endocarditis or other etiologies. It appears from the literature and from the cases described that ruptured chorda tendinea is a not uncommon complication of myxomatous transformation of the mitral valve. While this fact has been mentioned in anatomophological reports, clinicians are less aware of the association. In the absence of supportive evidence for a rheumatic or arteriosclerotic etiology, a clinical picture of acute mitral insufficiency should suggest ruptured chorda tendinea secondary to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral apparatus. This is particularly true in older patients, especially among those followed for a midsystolic click-late systolic murmur or an apical pansystolic murmur of pure mitral regurgitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017935"}
{"pmid": "1017937", "title": "Membrane-bound immunoglobulin on cells on effusions from patients with malignant diseases.", "content": "Membrane-bound immunoglobulin on cells on effusions from patients with malignant diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017937"}
{"pmid": "1017938", "title": "Cholesterol content of gallstones in Israel.", "content": "Cholesterol content of gallstones in Israel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017938"}
{"pmid": "1017940", "title": "Fertility and perinatal and infant mortality in the Jewish population of Beersheba and the Negev, 1972.", "content": "Fertility and perinatal and infant mortality in the Jewish population of Beersheba and the Negev, 1972. There were 4,569 Jewish births in the Negev (southern Israel) in 1972, the first year of birth registration by the Unit for Evaluation and Planning of Kupat Holim and the Ben-Gurion University center for Health Sciences. The crude birth rate was 28.8 per 1,000 population, with 130.7 live births per 1,000 women aged 15 to 44 years. Total fertility was 3.9 per woman, varying from 3.4 in the kibbutzim and 3.5 in Beersheba to 5.2 in the moshavim (collective settlements) and 3.7 to 6.3 in the development towns. Late fetal and perinatal death rates were 9.4 and 19.0/1,000, and the neonatal and infant mortality rates, 11.0 and 18.1/1,000 respectively. The proportion of males was 0.51, the twinning rate was 9.5/1,000 women delivered, and 1.1% of babies were illegitimate. Low birth weight (less than 2.5 kg) was recorded in 6.9% of births. Fifty-three percent of births were to immigrant mothers from North Africa; the remainder were divided equally among mothers born in Israel, the Asian Near East, and Western countries. The Asian immigrant group was at high risk for infant death, with a rate of 3.64/1,000 as compared with 14.8, 14.2 and 5.8 recorded for the offspring of mothers born in Israel, North Africa and Western countries, respectively. Patterns of mortality in relation to maternal age, birth order and education were similar to those reported for developed countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017940"}
{"pmid": "1017939", "title": "Predictive value of cervical dilatation rates in labor in multiparous women.", "content": "Predictive value of cervical dilatation rates in labor in multiparous women. A modified version of Philpott's partogram, previously used by us to analyze patterns of labor in primiparous and grand multiparous women in Israel, was applied to multiparous women. The results for labor in multiparous women closely resemble those found for primiparous and grand multiparous labors. The rate of cervical dilatation, as measured early in the active phase of labor [initial rate (IR)], is an accurate indicator of the outcome of labor. Ninety-eight percent of all multiparas with an IR of cervical dilatation of 0.75 cm/h or greater delivered spontaneously. Sixty-two percent of women with an IR of less than 0.75 cm/h required an assisted delivery or cesarean section. Mean IR of cervical dilatation for spontaneous deliveries, assisted deliveries, and cesarean sections were, respectively, 1.53, 0.67, and 0.46 cm/h. No significant differences were observed among different population groups. Cervical dilatation rates among all parities appeared similar. The only major difference was in dilatation rates for assisted delivery in primiparas, which were faster than in labors in multiparous or grand multiparous women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017939"}
{"pmid": "1017941", "title": "Tay-Sachs disease in a Moroccan Jewish family:  a possible new mutation.", "content": "Tay-Sachs disease in a Moroccan Jewish family:  a possible new mutation. The parents of a Jewish Moroccan family, in which a previous child had died of Tay-Sachs disease, both proved to be carriers of the mutant gene. Hexosaminidase A activity in the father was similar to that in Ashkenazic heterozygotes, while the mother showed extremely low hexosaminidase A activity in peripheral leukocytes. Amniocentesis was performed on the mother during a subsequent pregnancy; the fetus proved to be affected and the pregnancy was interrupted. Acrylamide isoelectrofocusing of fetal liver and leukocytes of additional family members revealed a variant mutation for Tay-Sachs disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017941"}
{"pmid": "1017942", "title": "Frequency and distribution of sister chromatid exchanges in human peripheral lymphocytes.", "content": "Frequency and distribution of sister chromatid exchanges in human peripheral lymphocytes. The frequency and distribution of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) were examined in a population of 10 normal individuals (five males and five females) and compared with those in patients with various numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations. Statistically significant differences within each group were observed among the normal subjects as well as among patients with similar cytogenetic aberrations. A consistent nonrandom distribution of SCE, with regard to chromosome length, was demonstrated, with a significant increase of SCE in the centromere region of some chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017942"}
{"pmid": "1017943", "title": "Coexistence of factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent) deficiency and Gaucher's disease.", "content": "Coexistence of factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent) deficiency and Gaucher's disease. The findings of Factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent) deficiency in a patient with Gaucher's disease was investigated. A family study, which included measurements of leukocyte glucocerebrosidase activity and Factor XI levels, revealed that the two genetic disorders segregated independently. One of 12 additional unrelated patients with Gaucher's disease showed a diminished Factor XI level and two of seven unrelated  Factor XI-deficient patients showed decreased glucocerebrosidase activity. It is possible that the common occurrence of both genetic disorders results from a high gene frequency of both defects in Ashkenazic Jews.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017943"}
{"pmid": "1017944", "title": "Effect of calcium content of diet on absorption of diphenylhydantoin.", "content": "Effect of calcium content of diet on absorption of diphenylhydantoin. The effect produced by changes in the calcium content of the diet on the plasma concentration of diphenylhydantoin was studied. In subjects on a high calcium intake, plasma diphenylhydantoin levels were significantly lowered, probalby resulting from both the formation of an insoluble calcium-drug complex and the direct effect of calcium on the intestinal membrane. A similar but less pronounced effect was observed when calcium-rich foods were excluded from the diet. These observations indicate the need for a balanced calcium diet during diphenylhydantoin treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017944"}
{"pmid": "1017946", "title": "Distribution of room size in hospitals.", "content": "Distribution of room size in hospitals. In the design of such complex buildings as hospitals the planner's problem is to provide a minimal amount of permanent structure so that it shall not get in the way of functional behavior of the occupants and their ability to change their environment. The purpose of this study was to discover which intervals seem to occur in hospitals by measuring the room size distribution found in existing buildings or buildings ready for construction. The results seem to confirm that the range of room sizes required is small and that exceptions are relatively rare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017946"}
{"pmid": "1017945", "title": "Chronic saline loading in anoxic renal failure in rats.", "content": "Chronic saline loading in anoxic renal failure in rats. The effect of saline loading was compared in two types of experimental acute renal failure--due to i.m. administration of glycerol or to anoxia. In the glycerol model, chronic saline loading for about three weeks  prior to the experiment achieved almost complete prevention of the uremia. The blood urea and serum creatinine levels 24 h after the experiment were 44 +/- 2 and 1.3 +/- 0.3 se) mg/dl, respectively. The values for the water-drinking rats were 292 +/- 23 and 3.7 +/- 0.4 mg/dl, respectively. In the anoxic model of acute renal failure, produced by uninephrectomy and contralateral renal artery clamping, chronic saline loading reduced the severity of the resultant uremia, although less impressively than in the glycerol model. The blood urea and serum creatinine 24 h after the experiment were 148 +/- 15 and 1.8 +/- 0.2 mg/dl, respectively. The values for the water-drinking rats were 237 +/- 15 and 2.3 +/- 0.2 mg/dl, respectively. Plasma renin activity was similar in the saline-loaded rats in both the toxic and anoxic models. It seems, therefore, that all known models of acute renal failure have at least a common pathogenic mechanism, which can be influenced by chronic saline loading prior to onset of the disease, and which is most probably not renin dependent. In the anoxic model additional factors, which cannot be counteracted by chronic saline loading, are active in the development of uremia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017945"}
{"pmid": "1017947", "title": "How many beds should a hospital department serve?", "content": "How many beds should a hospital department serve? Departmental cost functions are constructed for selected hospital departments, using total number of beds in the hospital served as a proxy output measure. Calculation of maxima or minima for the resulting cost functions reveals that, on average, different departments have extremes in their cost functions of different levels of output. A relative cost index is constructed, using parameters of the departmental cost functions, and departmental costs are compared across regions. The significance of departmental differences in optimum output is discussed with regard to sharing of services and modified system design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017947"}
{"pmid": "1017948", "title": "Episodes of illness and access to care in the inner city: a comparison of HMO and non-HMO populations.", "content": "Episodes of illness and access to care in the inner city: a comparison of HMO and non-HMO populations. Using data from a 1974 household survey, accessibility to ambulatory care is compared for residents of an inner-city area (East Baltimore) whose usual source of care is an HMO (the East Baltimore Medical Plan) and residents of the same area with other usual sources of care. Accessibility is measured by the probability of receiving care for an episode of illness. Results from multivariate linear and probit regressions indicate that children using the HMO are more likely to receive care than are children with other usual care sources, but no significant differences in the probability of receiving care are found among adults. Evidence of a substitution of telephone care for in-person care is also found among persons using the HMO. Data from a 1971 household survey of the same area suggest that selectivity is not an important confounding factor in the analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017948"}
{"pmid": "1017949", "title": "A social systems model of hospital utilization.", "content": "A social systems model of hospital utilization. A social systems model for the health services system serving the state of New Mexico is presented. Utilization of short-term general hospitals is viewed as a function of sociodemographic characteristics of the population and of the supply of health manpower and facilities available to that population. The model includes a network specifying the causal relationships hypothesized as existing among a set of social, demographic, and economic variables known to be related to the supply of health manpower and facilities and to their utilization. Inclusion of feedback into the model as well as lagged values of physician supply variables permits examination of the dynamic behavior of the social system over time. A method for deriving the reduced form of the structural model is presented along with the reduced-form equations. These equations provide valuable information for policy decisions regarding the likely consequences of changes in the structure of the population and in the supply of health manpower and facilities. The structural and reduced-form equations have been used to predict the consequences for one New Mexico county of state and federal policies that would affect the organization and delivery of health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017949"}
{"pmid": "1017950", "title": "An approach to an index of hospital performance.", "content": "An approach to an index of hospital performance. Two indexes are described, based on measures of administrative effectiveness and patient care effectiveness. The measures used were selected and ranked by a Delphi panel from a list of 30 measures drawn from the literature. Weights were assigned by the panel to 19 selected measures. The resulting indexes did well in a test on data collected from 32 Texas hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017950"}
{"pmid": "1017952", "title": "Transformations of 9 alpha, 10 alpha-epoxy-hexahydrocannabinol acetate.", "content": "Transformations of 9 alpha, 10 alpha-epoxy-hexahydrocannabinol acetate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017952"}
{"pmid": "1017953", "title": "Isolation and structure of eucosterol and 16beta-hydroxyeucosterol, two novel spirocyclic nortriterpenes, and of a new 24-nor-5alpha-chola-8, 16-diene-23-oic acid from bulbs of several Eucomis species.", "content": "Isolation and structure of eucosterol and 16beta-hydroxyeucosterol, two novel spirocyclic nortriterpenes, and of a new 24-nor-5alpha-chola-8, 16-diene-23-oic acid from bulbs of several Eucomis species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017953"}
{"pmid": "1017957", "title": "The crystal structure of axillarine hydrobromide ethanol solvate: a pyrrolizidine alkaloid.", "content": "The crystal structure of axillarine hydrobromide ethanol solvate: a pyrrolizidine alkaloid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017957"}
{"pmid": "1017958", "title": "The stimulation of the cholesterol synthesis in rat liver by hydrocortisone.", "content": "The stimulation of the cholesterol synthesis in rat liver by hydrocortisone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017958"}
{"pmid": "1017960", "title": "Isolation and identification of three urinary metabolites of retinoic acid in the rat.", "content": "Isolation and identification of three urinary metabolites of retinoic acid in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017960"}
{"pmid": "1017961", "title": "Preferred spatial arrangement of the aromatic side chains in linear oligopeptides containing tyrosine.", "content": "Preferred spatial arrangement of the aromatic side chains in linear oligopeptides containing tyrosine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017961"}
{"pmid": "1017962", "title": "Cinchona alkaloids. Total synthesis of cinchonamine.", "content": "Cinchona alkaloids. Total synthesis of cinchonamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017962"}
{"pmid": "1017963", "title": "Conversion of penicillin to cephalosporin lactones.", "content": "Conversion of penicillin to cephalosporin lactones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017963"}
{"pmid": "1017967", "title": "The absolute configuration of the glutarimide antibiotics streptimiodone and 9-methylstreptimidone.", "content": "The absolute configuration of the glutarimide antibiotics streptimiodone and 9-methylstreptimidone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017967"}
{"pmid": "1017969", "title": "13C-NMR. Spectroscopy of naturally occurring substances. XLV. Iboga alkaloids.", "content": "13C-NMR. Spectroscopy of naturally occurring substances. XLV. Iboga alkaloids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017969"}
{"pmid": "1017973", "title": "Photochemistry of imidazolides. I. The photo-Fries-type rearrangement of N-substituted imidazoles.", "content": "Photochemistry of imidazolides. I. The photo-Fries-type rearrangement of N-substituted imidazoles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017973"}
{"pmid": "1017974", "title": "Photochemistry of imidazolides II. C2-C3 cleavage of carboxylic acid chains. A convenient new method for the side-chain degradation of bile acids and of lanosterol.", "content": "Photochemistry of imidazolides II. C2-C3 cleavage of carboxylic acid chains. A convenient new method for the side-chain degradation of bile acids and of lanosterol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017974"}
{"pmid": "1017976", "title": "Total synthesis of indole and dihydroindole alkaloids. IX. Studies on the synthesis of bisindole alkaloids in the vinblastine-vincristine series. The biogenetic approach.", "content": "Total synthesis of indole and dihydroindole alkaloids. IX. Studies on the synthesis of bisindole alkaloids in the vinblastine-vincristine series. The biogenetic approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017976"}
{"pmid": "1017980", "title": "Psychological and neurodevelopmental outcome of high risk newborn infants.", "content": "Psychological and neurodevelopmental outcome of high risk newborn infants. Among 142 high-risk-newborns, 111 could be regularly followed-up to 3 years of age. 79 (71%) are normal, 6 (5.5%) have minor neurological sequels, 9 (8.1%) have major neurological sequels, associated in 4 cases with mental deficiency, 16 (14.5%) have developmental abnormalities (speech delay, behavioral problems, perceptual-motor and praxis disturbances), and one mental deficiency without neurological sequels. Neonatal cerebral distress proved to be the most dangerous clinical situation with regard to the ultimate neurodevelopmental prognosis (73.6% of neurological sequels or developmental abnormalities). The presence of transient abnormalities of tone in the course of the first year of life was associated with ultimate developmental abnormalities in 33.3% of the cases. Social and cultural status seemed to play a role in the intellectual, linguistic and perceptual-motor performance of this group of infants. In spite of these encouraging results, the need for a systematic long term follow-up of high risk newborns is stressed, since neurological sequels and developmental abnormalities are approximately 4 times more frequent in this group than in a normal infantile population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017980"}
{"pmid": "1017982", "title": "Cutaneous pO2-measurements in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome.", "content": "Cutaneous pO2-measurements in newborns with respiratory distress syndrome. Correlation between cutaneously measured pO2-values and arterial pO2 in 9 newborns with respiratory distress syndromes was investigated with the Basel skin-electrode [3]. At an electrode temperature of 42 degrees C, correlation was low (r = 0.63), at 43 degrees C the coefficient increased to 0.71 at 44 degrees C the over all statistical correlation improved markedly (r = 0.97). cpO2 for given paO2-values, however, varied widely: reliable discrimination between hypo-, normo- and hyperoxemia was impossible. Continuous registration allows recognition of the consequences of common clinical situations and nursing manipulations on cpO2. The electrode, however, is still susceptible of technical modifications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017982"}
{"pmid": "1017983", "title": "Hepatic toxicity of antituberculous drugs in children.", "content": "Hepatic toxicity of antituberculous drugs in children. Three cases of children who developed hepatic toxicity of different degree while on antituberculous treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin are reported. The clinical picture is presented and the pathogenesis of the hepatic damage is discussed. The pathological findings in the liver are those of a drug induced hepatitis. The combined treatment of tuberculosis in children with isoniazid and rifampicin is potentially dangerous and should be reserved for cases in which resistance to other drugs has been demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017983"}
{"pmid": "1017984", "title": "Lethal neonatal argininosuccinate lyase deficiency in four children from one sibship.", "content": "Lethal neonatal argininosuccinate lyase deficiency in four children from one sibship.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017984"}
{"pmid": "1017985", "title": "Vascular obstruction of the superior renal calyces in children.", "content": "Vascular obstruction of the superior renal calyces in children. The authors describe 5 cases with a pathology peculiar to the superior calyces due to vascular compression, observed from 1969 to 1975 among 938 urographic tests performed in the Pediatric Clinic of Florence. Three of these cases have been checked up to this date. In every patient the urographic tests show clear evidence of a vascular compression at the level of the right upper calyces, associated with stasis and/or ectasis. In two cases there is a symptomatology of abdominal pains; in the remaining 3 patients haematuria is revealed. It is important, particularly in children, to follow the course of the clinical and urographic features, in order to carry out a surgical intervention at the right moment, according to the evolution of the process. The chronic segmental (upper pole) pyelonephritis is the most dangerous evolution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017985"}
{"pmid": "1017988", "title": "Systems theory in psychoanalysis.", "content": "Systems theory in psychoanalysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017988"}
{"pmid": "1017987", "title": "Transplantation of psychiatrists from foreign cultures.", "content": "Transplantation of psychiatrists from foreign cultures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017987"}
{"pmid": "1017986", "title": "Primary proximal renal tubular acidosis; A therapeutical approach and long term follow-up.", "content": "Primary proximal renal tubular acidosis; A therapeutical approach and long term follow-up. This paper reports a case of proximal renal tubular acidosis followed during 4 years, in a 4-year-old girl. High doses of alkali could not be administered owing to gastric intolerance of the patient; diuretic therapy carries the risk of causing severe dehydration or hypotension. We administered such a dose of NaHCO3 to obtain a normal blood pH--with persistent hyperventilation-, subnormal bicarbonatemia, and acid urine. This treatment could cause an improvement of rickets, growth and laboratory data. At present, the biochemical data, including urinary excretion of bicarbonate with normal bicarbonatemia, are normal; this indicates a spontaneous recovery of the syndrome. We think that low doses of alkali are useful in the transient form of proximal renal tubular acidosis to prevent bone lesions and failure to thrive. But even in the irreversible form of this syndrome--when high alkali doses and diuretics cause dangerous effects--this therapy may be useful to treat some symptoms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017986"}
{"pmid": "1017990", "title": "Psychoanalysis and the behavioral therapies.", "content": "Psychoanalysis and the behavioral therapies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017990"}
{"pmid": "1017989", "title": "Role strain in high-commitment career women.", "content": "Role strain in high-commitment career women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017989"}
{"pmid": "1017991", "title": "Parenting in the single parent family.", "content": "Parenting in the single parent family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017991"}
{"pmid": "1017992", "title": "Death trend and adaptation: a psychoanalytic theory of accident.", "content": "Death trend and adaptation: a psychoanalytic theory of accident.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017992"}
{"pmid": "1017993", "title": "Anger as a basis for a sense of self.", "content": "Anger as a basis for a sense of self.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017993"}
{"pmid": "1017994", "title": "Neurotic dependency in successful women.", "content": "Neurotic dependency in successful women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017994"}
{"pmid": "1017995", "title": "The retreat from a psychiatry of people.", "content": "The retreat from a psychiatry of people.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017995"}
{"pmid": "1017996", "title": "Developing and maintaining the therapeutic alliance with the narcissistic personality.", "content": "Developing and maintaining the therapeutic alliance with the narcissistic personality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017996"}
{"pmid": "1017997", "title": "Dreams stimulated by the analyst-patient relationship.", "content": "Dreams stimulated by the analyst-patient relationship.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017997"}
{"pmid": "1017998", "title": "The effects of fatherless homes upon daughters: clinical impressions regarding paternal deprivation.", "content": "The effects of fatherless homes upon daughters: clinical impressions regarding paternal deprivation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017998"}
{"pmid": "1017999", "title": "The emotional stress of psychotherapeutic practice.", "content": "The emotional stress of psychotherapeutic practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1017999"}
{"pmid": "1018000", "title": "Death as a determinant of psychosomatic syndromes in Africa.", "content": "Death as a determinant of psychosomatic syndromes in Africa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018000"}
{"pmid": "1018001", "title": "Some notes and an exercise with regard to male homosexuality.", "content": "Some notes and an exercise with regard to male homosexuality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018001"}
{"pmid": "1018002", "title": "The therapeutic use of writing in the service of the ego.", "content": "The therapeutic use of writing in the service of the ego.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018002"}
{"pmid": "1018003", "title": "On the homology of the alisphenoid.", "content": "On the homology of the alisphenoid. The relationships of the elements of the cavum epiptericum in a hypothetical primitive mammalian precursor are reconstructed, and these are analysed in relation to the development of recent mammals, especially the fruit bat Nyctinomus johorensis. The alisphenoid in mammals is part cartilage bone, part membrane bone. The mammalian homologue of the primitive reptilian processus ascendens appears to be internal to the maxillary nerve. If so, then the 'lamina ascendens', that portion of the alisphenoid of mammals which lies between maxillary and mandibular nerves, cannot be a true processus ascendens but must be neomorphic. It is suggested that the mammalian lamina ascendens arose from an upgrowth of the root of the quadrate ramus of the epipterygoid in cynodonts, separating foramen rotundum from foramen ovale. In Ditremata the alisphenoid is completed by an element of membrane bone; this, it is suggested here, originated as the anterior lamina of the periotic in cynodonts, which is retained in monotremes. It is suggested that the alicochlear commissure of mammals originated as the later flange of the periotic in cynodonts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018003"}
{"pmid": "1018004", "title": "An autoradiographical study of [3H]thymidine incorporation into subcutaneously transplanted mouse molar teeth. Cell proliferation and migration in transplanted teeth.", "content": "An autoradiographical study of [3H]thymidine incorporation into subcutaneously transplanted mouse molar teeth. Cell proliferation and migration in transplanted teeth. Mice bearing either allografts or isografts of 10 day old molar teeth were injected with [3H]thymidine to identify proliferating and migrating cells within the graft and surrounding tissues. In isografts proliferating cells were found successively in the area underlying the cervix, in the cervical pulp and the coronal pulp. However, cells did not migrate from the cervical host tissue into the pulp, and it was concluded that donor cells are responsible for reparative processes in tooth isografts. Very few labelled cells were identified at any time in tooth allografts, which were not repaired. It is suggested that allografts are not repaired because allogeneic inhibition prevents the residual donor tissue from proliferating and differentiating. Inhibition of proliferation of residual cells may also account for the absence of a cell-mediated immune response to tooth allografts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018004"}
{"pmid": "1018005", "title": "The interfrontal bone and mutant genes in the mouse.", "content": "The interfrontal bone and mutant genes in the mouse. The relationship between corrected skull width and the presence and size of an interfrontal bone is discussed with regard to the effect of certain mutant genes in the mouse known to affect the development of the neural tube. All genes reviewed which increase the incidence of the interfrontal bone and affect the neural tube also change the proportions of the adult skull.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018005"}
{"pmid": "1018006", "title": "Retardation of bone growth in triamcinolone-treated mice.", "content": "Retardation of bone growth in triamcinolone-treated mice. Immature mice were treated for up to 8 weeks with daily doses of triamcinolone diacetate. The epiphyseal cartilage plate and its surrounding bone from the humeral head were studied histologically at regular intervals. Concomitantly, roentgenographic measurements were performed on the humeri in toto. By the tenth injection significant morphological changes were noted in the cartilaginous plate, followed by complete cessation of bone growth. Severe triglyceride accumulation appeared in the experimental livers and humeral bone marrow. Osteoporosis also occurred and became severe from the fifth week of triamcinolone administration. Possible explanations for the above findings are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018006"}
{"pmid": "1018007", "title": "The functional anatomy of the bronchial circulation of the domestic fowl.", "content": "The functional anatomy of the bronchial circulation of the domestic fowl. The bronchial circulation was studied in 25 adult domestic fowls. The right and left bronchial arteries originated caudal to the syrinx from a bronchoesophageal artery which is a branch of the right common carotid artery. Each bronchial artery ramified on the wall of the extrapulmonary part of the corresponding primary bronchus and finally anastomosed directly with a branch of the pulmonary artery at the hilus of the lung. Thr bronchial artery did not accompany the intrapulmonary part of the primary bronchus. The branches of each bronchial artery formed an anastomosing network on the wall of the extrapulmonary part of the primary bronchus. The calibre of the bronchial artery at its anastomosis with the branch of the pulmonary artery was greater than at its origin from the bronchoesophageal artery. Intravenous injections of Lycopodium spores indicated that the blood flows from the pulmonary artery into the bronchial artery. Small bronchial veins drained the extrapulmonary part of the primary bronchus into the pulmonary vein and the oesophageal veins. The intrapulmonary part of the primary bronchus was supplied by branches of the pulmonary artery and drained by tributaries of the pulmonary vein. The blood supply to the primary bronchus could constitute a shunt capable of passing blood from the pulmonary artery into the pulmonary vein without going through the exchange tissue. The parabronchial (atrial) muscles received a blood supply directly from the exchange tissue via septal venules which formed a network underneath the muscle bundles, without actually penetrating between the muscle cells. These venules drained into atrial veins which were tributaries of the pulmonary vein. The atrial muscles probably also received oxygen by direct diffusion from the parabronchial lumen. The pleura was supplied by the oesophageal branches of the bronchoesophageal artery, and by small twigs from the internal thoracic and intercostal arteries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018007"}
{"pmid": "1018008", "title": "Cyto-differentiation and portal vascular development in the mouse adenohypophysis.", "content": "Cyto-differentiation and portal vascular development in the mouse adenohypophysis. Pituitaries of fetal and postnatal (15 days p.c.-28 days p.n.) and adult (male) mice were studied by light and electron microscopy to correlate the developmental pattern of the hypothalamo-hypophysial vascular system with the time of onset of function of the adenohypophysis. The superior and anterior regions of the adenohypophysis become vascularized at 17 days p.c., when portal vessels extend from oral primary plexus to the pars distalis for the first time. Adenohypophysial vascularity and the number of portal vessels steadily increase to reach the adult pattern at 5 days p.n. At 1 day p.n. deep capillary loops appear in the caudal regions of the oral primary plexus; a capillary (tangential) plexus underlies the ependymal lining of the third ventricle by 6 days p.n. Superficial capillary loops were not observed until the third postnatal week. Granulation of secretory cells commences at 16 days p.c., predominantly in the upper and anterior adenohypophysis; at 17 days thyrotropes, gonadotropes and corticotropes are recognizable and by morphological criteria appear actively secretory on days 17-18 p.c., although few appear active at 19 days p.c. and 1 day p.n. Somatotropes are first seen at 18 days p.c., predominantly in the central and lateral regions of the pars distalis. Active secretory cells increase in number over the period 2-10 days p.n., but after 11 days p.n. thyrotropes and corticotropes seem to become progressively less active; fewer gonadotropes are seen after 15 days p.n., and these apparently become progressively less active from day 19. Most somatotropes appear active until 28 days p.n. The observations suggest that hypothalamic control of adenohypophysial function may exist in the mouse from 17 days p.c.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018008"}
{"pmid": "1018010", "title": "Plantar aponeurosis and internal architecture of the ball of the foot.", "content": "Plantar aponeurosis and internal architecture of the ball of the foot. On the basis of its internal structure, the ball of the foot can be divided into three transverse areas, each with a different mechanical function: (1) an area proximal to the heads of the metatarsals in which the retinacula cutis are developed into a series of transverse bands, and in which the deep fibres of the plantar aponeurosis form ten sagittal septa connected to the deep transverse metatarsal ligament and through this the proximal phalanges of the toes, (2) an area below the heads of the metatarsals in which vertical fibres from the joint capsules and the sides of the fibrous flexor sheaths form a cushion below each metatarsal head, and in which fat bodies  cover the digital nerves and vessels in their passage between the cushions, and (3) a distal area which comprises the interdigital web. The superficial fibres of the plantar aponeurosis are inserted into the skin of this distal area, and deep to them the plantar interdigital ligament forms a series of transverse lamellae connected to the proximal phalanges by a mooring ligament which arches from one fibrous flexor sheath to the next. When the metatarsophalangeal joints are extended, the fibres of the three areas are tensed and the skin is anchored firmly to the skeleton. The direction of the fibres in the distal and proximal area promotes the transfer of forces exerted on the skin during push-off and braking respectively, while the intermediate area is adapted to bear the weight of the body. A concentration of Pacinian corpuscles is found along the digital nerves in the weight-bearing area below the transverse metatarsal ligament. The nerves for the second, and especially for the third, interstice are close to or in contact with the sharp proximal edges of the sagittal septa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018010"}
{"pmid": "1018009", "title": "The nerve supply and conducting system of the human heart at the end of the embryonic period proper.", "content": "The nerve supply and conducting system of the human heart at the end of the embryonic period proper. The nerve supply and conducting system were studied in a stage 23 human embryo of exceptional histological quality. The nerves on the right side arose from cervical sympathetic and from cervical and thoracic vagal filaments. Out of their interconnexions vagoxympathetic nerves emerged, which (1) sent a branch in front of the trachea to the aorticopulmonary ganglion, thereby supplying arterial and venous structures, and (2) formed the right sinal nerve, which supplied the sinu-atrial node, and gave filaments to the interatrial septum which could be traced to the atrioventricular node and pulmonary veins. The nerves on the left side arose similarly from cervical sympathetic and from cervical and thoracic vagal filaments. These formed several descending, ganglionated, vagosympathetic filaments that descended to the right of the arch of the aorta and entered the aorticopulmonary ganglion. Filaments leaving the ganglion supplied the pulmonary trunk, ascending aorta, interatrial septum, pulmonary veins, and, as the left sinal nerve, the fold of the left vena cava. The thoracic vagal filaments descended to the left of the arch of the aorta and supplied chiefly the arterial end of the heart. No thoracic sympathetic cardiac filaments were found. The sinu-atrial node began as a crescentic mass in front of the lower part of the superior vena cava. It gradually extended on each side of the superior vena cava and came to form its posterior wall at a more caudal level. The atrial myocardium that formed the septum spurium, venous valves, and interatrial septum could be traced from the sinu-atrial to the atrioventricular node. Myocardium also encircled the atrial aspects of the atrioventricular orifices, and could be traced caudally to the atrioventricular nde. The atrioventricular node was a conspicuous mass in the anterior and lower part of the interatrial septum, from which a clearly defined bundle left to enter the interventricular septum. Right and left limbs were observed, the former being a rounded bundle that passed immediately in front of the root of the aorta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018009"}
{"pmid": "1018011", "title": "Vascular segments in the human spleen.", "content": "Vascular segments in the human spleen. Corrosion casts of human splenic arterial trees revealed the presence of two segments-a superior, and an inferior - in 84% of cases and three segments - a superior, a middle and an inferior - in 16% of cases. These segments are separated by avascular planes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018011"}
{"pmid": "1018012", "title": "Substrate limitation of bacterial growth at meat surfaces.", "content": "Substrate limitation of bacterial growth at meat surfaces.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018012"}
{"pmid": "1018013", "title": "Enzymic breakdown of amino acids and related compounds by suspensions of washed mycobacteria.", "content": "Enzymic breakdown of amino acids and related compounds by suspensions of washed mycobacteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018013"}
{"pmid": "1018014", "title": "An adaptable system for timed aseptic sampling and storage of microbial cultures.", "content": "An adaptable system for timed aseptic sampling and storage of microbial cultures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018014"}
{"pmid": "1018015", "title": "Action of chondroitinases. II. Numerical calculation of the degree of multiple attack.", "content": "Action of chondroitinases. II. Numerical calculation of the degree of multiple attack. Further investigation was carried out on the action patterns of two chondroitinase-AC [EC 4.2.2.5.] preparations obtained from Arthrobacter aurescens and Flavobacterium heparinum. To infer the action patterns of the chondroitinases, we proposed a new method for the calculation of the degree of multiple attack, based on the concept established by Robyt and French ((1967) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 122, 8-16). It was shown that the degree of multiple attack (DM) is represented by the ratio of the initial velocity of number-average degree of scission to that of viscosity-average degree of scission. By this method, DM for A-Chase was estimated to be 3.03 and for F-chase, 1.31.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018015"}
{"pmid": "1018016", "title": "Preferential acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the formamide linkage of N'-formylkynurenine in frozen solution.", "content": "Preferential acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the formamide linkage of N'-formylkynurenine in frozen solution. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the formamide linkage of N-acetyl-N'-formyl-L-kynurenineamide in frozen dilute hydrochloric acid solution followed first-order kinetics, yielding N-acetyl-L-kynurenineamide as the sole reaction product. The maximum rate of reaction in the frozen solution was found at around -7.5 degrees and approximated that of the reaction in liquid solution at 40 degrees. By freezing the dilute acid solution at -8 degrees the reaction was accelerated by 60 times compared with that in super-cooled liquid solution at the same temperature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018016"}
{"pmid": "1018017", "title": "A study of the native-denatured (N in equilibrium with D) transition in lysozyme. II. Kinetic analysis of protease digestion.", "content": "A study of the native-denatured (N in equilibrium with D) transition in lysozyme. II. Kinetic analysis of protease digestion. Kinetic analyses of the protease digestion of several chemical derivatives of lysozyme [EC 3.2.1.17] showed that only the D(denatured) state of the protein is digested and that the reaction velocity is proportional to the equilibrium constant (KD) of the N in equilibrium with D transition of the protein. Alteration of the net charge of lysozyme by acetylation caused a shift of the N in equilibrium with D transition to the right (ten-fold increase in KD compared to that of native enzyme). Both the formation of a lysozyme-inhibitor complex and the introduction of a covalent bond in the lysozyme molecule restricted the transition. The magnitude of the N in equilibrium with D transition is related to the susceptibility of lysozyme to protease digestion and it is estimated that the N in equilibrium with D transition in proteins is generally important in the intracellular catabolism of proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018017"}
{"pmid": "1018018", "title": "A method for the deductive and unique determination of the values of three parameters involved in fractional functions applicable to relaxation kinetics.", "content": "A method for the deductive and unique determination of the values of three parameters involved in fractional functions applicable to relaxation kinetics. A novel method is proposed to determine deductively and uniquely the values of three parameters, a, b, and c in a fractional function of the form, y=a+bx/(c+x) where x and y are experimentally obtainable variables. This type of equation is frequently encountered in chemistry and biochemistry involving relaxation kinetics. The method of least squares with the Taylor expansion is employed for direct curve fitting of observed data to the fractional function. Approximate values of the parameters, which are always necessary prior to commending the above procedure, can be obtained by the method of rearrangement after canceling the denominator of fractional functions. This procedure is very simple, but very effective for estimating provisional values of the parameters. Deductive and unique determination of the parameters involved in the fractional function shown above can be accomplished for the first time by the combination of these two procedures. This method is extended to include the analysis of relaxation kinetic data such as those of temperature-jump method where the determination of equilibrium concentrations of reactants in addition to the three parameters is also necessary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018018"}
{"pmid": "1018019", "title": "Incorporation of [14C]glucose from UDP[14C]glucose into a phosphoglycolipid by cell-free particulate systems of a moderately halophilic gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas halosaccharolytica ATCC 29423.", "content": "Incorporation of [14C]glucose from UDP[14C]glucose into a phosphoglycolipid by cell-free particulate systems of a moderately halophilic gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas halosaccharolytica ATCC 29423. A glucosyl group from uridine diphosphate [U-14C]glucose is incorporated into a phosphoglycolipid, probably a glucosylphosphatidylglycerol, by a disrupted membrane enzyme preparation from a gram-negative, moderately halophilic bacterium, Pseudomonas halosaccharolytica ATCC 29423. The conversion of [14C]phosphatidylglycerol into phosphoglycolipid by the particulate preparation was also enhanced in the presence of non-labelled UDP-glucose. A chemical degradation study of labelled phosphoglycolipid showed the bulk of the radioactivity from UDP[U-14C]glucose to be associated with the glucose moiety, which also appeared to be attached to the hydroxyl group of a second glycerol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018019"}
{"pmid": "1018020", "title": "Polyamine-dependent deoxyribonuclease activity from rat-liver nuclei.", "content": "Polyamine-dependent deoxyribonuclease activity from rat-liver nuclei. When nuclei isolated from rat liver in a low salt buffer were washed with 0.1 M NaCl solution, the supernatant showed a deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity. The activity required Mg2+ and in addition spermine or spermidine, and its optimal pH was 7.2-7.4. The activity was higher on denatured (single stranded) DNA than on double-helical DNA. With both substrates the activity was highest at a polyamine concentration at which the DNA-polyamine complex began to precipitate. No Mg2++Ca2+ dependent DNase activity was detected in the preparation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018020"}
{"pmid": "1018021", "title": "The effect of inositol hexaphosphate on the absorption spectra of alpha and beta chains in nitrosyl hemoglobin.", "content": "The effect of inositol hexaphosphate on the absorption spectra of alpha and beta chains in nitrosyl hemoglobin. The spectral changes of nitrosyl hemoglobin on addition of inositol hexaphosphate were studied in hybrid-heme hemoglobins. The results showed that the decrease in absorption in the Soret region was mainly due to a spectral change in alpha chains, and that the tension on heme in the quaternary T structure was much stronger in alpha than in beta chains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018021"}
{"pmid": "1018022", "title": "An anomaly in the resonance Raman spectra of cytochrome P-450cam in the ferrous high-spin state.", "content": "An anomaly in the resonance Raman spectra of cytochrome P-450cam in the ferrous high-spin state. Resonance Raman spectra of cytochrome P-450cam (P-450cam) and its enzymatically inactive form (P-420) in various oxidation and spin states were measured for the first time. The Raman spectrum of reduced P-450cam was unusual in the sense that the \"oxidation-state marker\" appeared at an unexpectedly lower frequency (1346 cm-1) in comparison with those of other reduced hemoproteins (approximately 1355-approximately 1365 cm-1), whereas that of oxidized P-450cam was located at a normal frequency. This anomaly in the Raman spectrum of reduced P-450cam can be explained by assuming electron delocalization from the fifth ligand, presumably a thiolate anion, to the antibonding pi orbital of the porphyrin ring. The corresponding Raman line of reduced P-420 appeared at a normal frequency (1360 cm-1), suggesting a status change or replacement of the fifth ligand upon conversion from P-450cam to P-420. The Raman spectrum of reduced P-450cam-metyrapone complex was very similar to that of ferrous cytochrome b5.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018022"}
{"pmid": "1018023", "title": "Amino acid composition of peptidoglycan in Caulobacter crescentus.", "content": "Amino acid composition of peptidoglycan in Caulobacter crescentus. Peptidoglycan of a gram-negative stalked bacterium, Caulobacter crescentus CB13, contained alanine, diaminopimelic acid, and glutamic acid, in molar ratios of 2 : 1 : 1. The amino acid compositions of peptidoglycans isolated from cultures enriched in swarmer and stalked cells, and from a stalk-less mutant were similar. This finding conflicts with a previous observation that swarmer peptidoglycan does not contain diaminopimelic acid (Goodwin and Shedlarski (1975) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 170, 23-36). It appears that, despite the morphological differences, the Caulobacter cells all contain a similar peptidoglycan in the cell wall.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018023"}
{"pmid": "1018024", "title": "The site-specific deoxyribonuclease from Bacillus pumilus (endonuclease R.Bpu1387).", "content": "The site-specific deoxyribonuclease from Bacillus pumilus (endonuclease R.Bpu1387). A new site-specific endonuclease (DNase) was isolated from the cells of Bacillus pumilus AHU 1387 strain. This enzyme (endonuclease R.Bpu 1387) introduced double-stranded scissions at unique sites on DNA's of coli phage lambda, lambdadvl, coli phage T7, Bacillus phage phi105C, Bacillus phage SP10, and Simian Virus 40, in the presence of magnesium ion. The activity was stimulated by the presence of NaCl.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018024"}
{"pmid": "1018025", "title": "The choice of treatment in Pott's disease.", "content": "The choice of treatment in Pott's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018025"}
{"pmid": "1018026", "title": "The operating microscope isn't everything--a warning and a prediction.", "content": "The operating microscope isn't everything--a warning and a prediction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018026"}
{"pmid": "1018027", "title": "A five-year assessment of controlled trials of in-patient and out-patient treatment and of plaster-of-Paris jackets for tuberculosis of the spine in children on standard chemotherapy. Studies in Masan and Pusan, Korea. Fifth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on tuberculosis of the spine.", "content": "A five-year assessment of controlled trials of in-patient and out-patient treatment and of plaster-of-Paris jackets for tuberculosis of the spine in children on standard chemotherapy. Studies in Masan and Pusan, Korea. Fifth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on tuberculosis of the spine. In two centres in Korea 350 patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine were allocated at random: in Masan to in-patient rest in bed (IP) for six months followed by out-patient treatment or to ambulatory out-patient treatment (OP) from the start; in Pusan to out-patient treatment with a plaster-of-Paris jacket (J) for nine months or to ambulatory treatment without any support (No J). All patients recieved chemotherapy with PAS with isoniazid for eighteen months, either supplemented with streptomycin for the first three months (SPH) or without this supplement (PH), by random allocation. The main analysis of this report concerns 299 patients (eighty-three IP, eighty-three OP, sixty-three J, seventy No J; 143 SPH, 156 PH). Pre-treatment factors were similar in both centres except that the patients in Pusan had, on average, less extensive lesions although in a greater proportion the disease was radiographically active. One patient (J/SPH) died with active spinal disease and three (all No J/SPH) with paraplegia. A fifth patient (IP/PH) who died from cardio respiratory failure also had pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty-three patients required operation and/or additional chemotherapy for the spinal lesion. A sinus or clinically evident abscess was either present initially or developed during treatment in 41 per cent of patients. Residual lesions persisted in ten patients (four IP, two OP, one J, three No J; six SPH, four PH) at five years. Thirty-two patients had paraparesis on admission or developing later. Complete resolution occurred in twenty on the allocated regimen and in eight after operation or additional chemotherapy or both. Of the remaining four atients, all of whom had operation and additional chemotherapy, three died and one still had paraparesis at five years. Of 295 patients assessed at five years 89 per cent had a favourable status. The proportions of the patients responding favourably were similar in the IP (91 per cent) and OP (89 per cent) series, in the J (90 per cent) and No J (84 per cent) series and in the SPH (86 per cent) and PH (92 per cent) series.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018027"}
{"pmid": "1018029", "title": "Mechanical function as an influence on the structure and form of bone.", "content": "Mechanical function as an influence on the structure and form of bone. Rosette strain gauges were attached to the cranial and caudal aspects of the proximal half of the radius in eight skeletally mature female sheep; The sheep's radius has a slight cranially convex curvature. During walking it was deformed so that the cranial surface was subjected to tension aligned along the bone's lon axis, and the caudal surface to compression similarly aligned. The compressive strain on the caudal aspect of the bone was consistently larger (X 1-9) than the tensile strain on the cranial aspect. The thickness of the cortex did not reflect this difference but in younger animals the process of osteonal remodelling seemed further advanced in the cortex which was customarily subject to the larger deformation. The relevance of these findings is discussed in relation to the technique of internal fixation and to our understanding of the basis of the mechanical adaptability of bone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018029"}
{"pmid": "1018028", "title": "Quantitative histology of the human growth plate.", "content": "Quantitative histology of the human growth plate. This paper describes a study in the human femur of the relationship between cell division in growth cartilage and overall bone growth. Growth rates for the distal femur from birth to eighteen years were determined from serial radiographs available from the Harpenden Growth Study; An average of 1-4 cm/year was found for the ages of five to eight years. The development of the growth plate is illustrated in a series of photomicrographs of femur sections. These sections were also used for quantitative histology; The length of the proliferation zone was estimated from cell counts to be twenty-four cells per column. On the basis of this value and the measured growth rate, an approximate mean cycle time of twenty days was found for the proliferating cells of the human growth plate. Since the corresponding cycle time is two days for rodent growth plates, which also have a different structure, it is unwise to extrapolate the findings in this tissue from mouse to man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018028"}
{"pmid": "1018030", "title": "The aetiology of congenital angulation of tubular bones with constriction of the medullary canal, and its relationship to congenital pseudarthrosis.", "content": "The aetiology of congenital angulation of tubular bones with constriction of the medullary canal, and its relationship to congenital pseudarthrosis. It is suggested that there is a group of cases of congenital angulation of tubular bones in which the lesion is a defect of ossification of the primary cartilaginous anlage and in which neurofibromatosis is not implicated. It appears that in this group the prognosis with regard to the resolution of deformity and the prevention of pseudarthrosis with conservative treatment or relatively simple surgical procedures is better than that in the neurofibromatous type.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018030"}
{"pmid": "1018032", "title": "Spondylolytic fractures.", "content": "Spondylolytic fractures. A method is described whereby fractures of the neural arch similar to those in spondylolysis are produced experimentally. The forces, bending moments and displacements required to initiate the fractures are given; The mechanical aspects in the aetiology of spondylolysis are explained by a simplified two-dimensional force analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018032"}
{"pmid": "1018031", "title": "The pathogenesis of Perthes' disease.", "content": "The pathogenesis of Perthes' disease. It has been shown that in the puppy, two infarcts separated by an interval of four weeks produce a disorder of long duration which results in flattening and broadening of the femoral head and which reproduces the radiological changes seen in Perthes' disease in man. The histological appearances produced by two infarcts are characteristic. In this study the histological appearance of fifty-seven femoral head biopsy specimens in Perthes' disease in man have been studied. In 51 per cent of hips histopathological changes characteristic of double infarction were present, and there were grounds for postulating that double infarction might eventually occur in all cases. The findings support the concept that the deformation of the femoral head and the chronicity of Perthes' disease in man may be due at least as much or even more to repeated episodes of infarction and the ensuing abnormalities of growth as to mechanical factors related to weight-bearing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018031"}
{"pmid": "1018034", "title": "Successful replantation of a hand amputated through the metacarpus.", "content": "Successful replantation of a hand amputated through the metacarpus. A successful replantation is reported of a hand completely severed by a circular saw through all five metacarpals. The sequence of primary reconstruction of all important structures beginning three hours after the injury and the functional results eighteen months later are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018034"}
{"pmid": "1018033", "title": "Fracture-dislocations of the sacrum. Report of three cases.", "content": "Fracture-dislocations of the sacrum. Report of three cases. The pattern of fracture-dislocation of the upper part of the sacrum is demonstrated in three patients. The fracture line followed the segmental form of the sacrum and was usually caused by a posterior force against the pelvis which had been locked by hip flexion and knee extension. Fractures of the lumbar transverse processes also occurred, presumably from avulsion by the quadratus lumborum muscle. The damage to the sacral plexus found in all three cases recovered after several months. Radiographs of the injury are difficult to obtain in severely injured patients but oblique views of the sacrum help to determine the extent of the forward dislocation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018033"}
{"pmid": "1018035", "title": "The clinical manifestations and pathomechanics of contracture of the extensor mechanism of the knee.", "content": "The clinical manifestations and pathomechanics of contracture of the extensor mechanism of the knee. Experience with thirty-eight Asian children and adolescents who presented with either stiffness of the knee, genu recurvatum, habitual dislocation of the patella or congenital lateral dislocation of the patella showed that all those disorders were manifestations of contracture of the extensor mechanism, which fell into two groups according to the components involved. In Group I the main components affected were in the midline of the limb, namely rectus femoris and vastus intermedius; these patients presented with varying degrees of stiffness of the knee, or worse, with genu recurvatum. In Group II the main components involved were lateral to the midline of the limb, namely vastus lateralis and the ilio-tibial band; these patients presented with habitual dislocation of the patella, or worse, congenital lateral dislocation of the patella. In both groups untreated patients developed secondary adaptive changes such as subluxation of the tibia or marked genu valgum which made operative procedures more formidable and less effective. Release of the contracture should therefore be performed as early as possible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018035"}
{"pmid": "1018036", "title": "Excision of the head of the radius in rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Excision of the head of the radius in rheumatoid arthritis. The results of excision of the head of the radius in forty-four elbows affected by rheumatoid arthritis are presented. Relief of pain was obtained in 90 per cent and an increase in the range of flexion and extension was seen in 70 per cent. Involvement of the humero-ulnar joint seen radiologically is no contra-indication to the operation; simple excision of the radial head often gives gratifying results; In our experience the relief of pain and increased range of movement have greatly reduced the need for total replacement arthroplasty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018036"}
{"pmid": "1018037", "title": "Radial club hand with absence of the biceps muscle treated by centralisation of the ulna and triceps transfer. Report of two cases.", "content": "Radial club hand with absence of the biceps muscle treated by centralisation of the ulna and triceps transfer. Report of two cases. Two children with radial club hand and absence of the biceps muscle were treated by centralisation of the ulna into the carpus and triceps transfer. The two operations were performed only a short time apart so that the period between the procedures could be used to stretch the triceps and to enable the children to adapt to an altered position of the wrist and to mobility of the elbow at one step and following a single period of plaster immobilisation. It is very likely that function is better than it would have been had the condition remained untreated. Before operation the children had only a crude hook function of the hand against the forearm and could not bring the hand to the mouth. Even if function is not much improved, the improvement in appearance is considerable and is by itself sufficient to justify the procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018037"}
{"pmid": "1018039", "title": "An operation for chronic prepatellar bursitis.", "content": "An operation for chronic prepatellar bursitis. An operation for chronic prepatellar bursitis is described in which only the posterior wall of the bursa is excised, thus preserving, undamaged, healthy and normally sensitive skin. This procedure is easier and less traumatic than complete excision of the bursa and results in fewer complications. It is suggested that removal of tha anterior wall of the bursa results in unnecessary and harmful interference with the underlying skin. The operation described gives a good functional and structural result; leaving the anterior wall of the bursa does not predispose to recurrence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018039"}
{"pmid": "1018038", "title": "Whence the arthrogrypotics?", "content": "Whence the arthrogrypotics? During the course of a nation-wide survey of patients with bone and joint deformities, twenty-six individuals with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita, in the narrow and precise sense of the term, were investigated. No patient was more than twenty-four years of age. However, on a basis of the figures of population, it can be estimated that 21-0 +/- 6-5 older affected individuals should have been encountered. Furthermore, there was a relative excess of younger children. The series was reasonably unbiased, and as arthrogryposis is non-lethal the deficiency of affected adults is an anomalous finding. It is tentatively suggested that arthrogryposis might result from the intra-uterine influence of an unknown environmental agent which has been present in South Africa for only a limited period of time. Detection of this factor could be an important step in the prevention of the disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018038"}
{"pmid": "1018040", "title": "The locked patella. An unusual complication of haemophilia.", "content": "The locked patella. An unusual complication of haemophilia. Mechanical derangements of the knee are an uncommon complication of chronic haemophiliac arthropathy. Two patients with locking of the patella were treated by manipulation. The mechanism of the injury was forced flexion of the knee joint beyond the limit of its restricted range. The injury is a serious one and may take six months to recover.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018040"}
{"pmid": "1018041", "title": "Pollen ultrastructure in anther cultures of Datura innoxia. I. Division of the presumptive vegetative cell.", "content": "Pollen ultrastructure in anther cultures of Datura innoxia. I. Division of the presumptive vegetative cell. Ultrastructural features of embryogenic pollen in Datura innoxia are described, just prior to, during, and after completion of the first division of the presumptive vegetative cell. In anther cultures initiated towards the end of the microspore phase and incubated at 28 degrees C in darkness, the spores divide within 24 h and show features consistent with those of dividing spores in vivo. Cytokinesis is also normal in most of the spores and the gametophytic cell-plate curves round the presumptive generative nucleus in the usual highly ordered way. Further differentiation of the 2 gametophytic cells does not take place and the pollen either switches to embryogenesis or degenerates. After 48-72 h, the remaining viable pollen shows the vegetative cell in division. The cell, which has a large vacuole and thin layer of parietal cytoplasm carried over from the microspore, divides consistently in a plane parallel to the microspore division. The dividing wall follows a less-ordered course than the gametophytic wall and usually traverses the vacuole, small portions of which are incorporated into the daughter cell adjacent to the generative cell. The only structural changes in the vegetative cell associated with the change in programme appear to be an increase in electron density of both plastids and mitochondria and deposition of an electron-dense material (possibly lipid) on the tonoplast. The generative cell is attached to the intine when the vegetative cell divides. Ribosomal density increases in the generative cell and exceeds that in the vegetative cell. A thin electron-dense layer also appears in the generative-cell wall. It is concluded that embryogenesis commences as soon as the 2 gametophytic cells are laid down. Gene activity associated with postmitotic synthesis of RNA and protein in the vegetative cell is switched off. The data are discussed in relation to the first division of the embryogenic vegetative cells in Nicotiana tabacum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018041"}
{"pmid": "1018042", "title": "Pollen ultrastructure in anther cultures of Datura innoxia. II. The generative-cell wall.", "content": "Pollen ultrastructure in anther cultures of Datura innoxia. II. The generative-cell wall. In young pollen grains of Datura innoxia, a wall of the usual hemispherical type separates the 2 gametophytic cells initially and, in the electron microscope, appears as an electron-translucent matrix which is contiguous with the intine. Before detachment of the generative cell from the intine, the matrix decreases in thickness and in places is dispersed altogether leaving the plasmalemmae on either side of it in close apposition. A particularly prominent zone, triangular in profile, is left where the wall joins with the intine. After detachment of the cell, remnants of the matrix can be seen distributed irregularly around the cell and it is supposed that these are partly derived from material in the triangular zone as the cell is drawn away from the intine. The wall residues persist throughout the maturation phase of the pollen and are considered to be either callose resulting from incomplete digestion of the initial wall, or some other polysaccharide material which is unevenly laid down along the wall and concentrated at the junction with the intine. In pollen induced into embryogenesis by anther culture, wall material is also distributed irregularly around the detached cell in a series of discrete zones, but these are more extensive than in vivo, closer together and in many instances highly dilated. The wall profiles thus have a beaded appearance, the 'beads' being connected together by short links of the 2 apposed plasmalemmae. The contents of the swollen zones have a similar electron density to that of the matrix in vivo but also show traces of a fibrillar component. It is postulated that this unusual swelling is a prelude to dispersal of the wall by disruption of the plasmalemmal links and to the establishment of cytoplasmic continuity between the 2 cells. The significance of such binucleate pollen grains in the formation of non-haploid embryos is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018042"}
{"pmid": "1018043", "title": "Pollen ultrastructure in anther cultures of Datura innoxia. III. Incomplete microspore division.", "content": "Pollen ultrastructure in anther cultures of Datura innoxia. III. Incomplete microspore division. During the microspore division in Datura innoxia, the mitotic spindle is oriented in planes both perpendicular (PE) and oblique (OB) to the spore wall against which the nucleus is situated. However, irrespective of polarity, the usual type of hemispherical wall is laid down at cytokinesis and isolates the generative cell from the rest of the pollen grain (type A). In PE spores the vegetative nucleus initially occupies a central position in the pollen grain, whereas in OB spores the vegetative nucleus lies at the periphery of the grain close to the generative cell. In anther cultures initiated just before the microspore division is due to take place, no marked change can be observed in either orientation or symmetry of the mitotic spindle when the spores divide. In some, however, cytokinesis is disrupted and deposition of the hemispherical wall arrested. In the absence of a complete wall, differentiation of the generative cell cannot take place and binucleate pollen grains are formed having 2 vegetative-type nuclei (type B). The 2 nuclei in the B pollens are always situated against the pollen-grain wall, suggesting that the disruption phenomenon is related to the OB spores. The incomplete wall always makes contact with the intine on the intine-side of the spindle. Wall material may be represented merely as short stubs projecting out from the intine into the cytoplasm, in which event the 2 nuclei lie close to each other and are separated by only a narrow zone of cytoplasm. In other grains the wall is partially developed between the nuclei and terminates at varying distances from the tonoplast; in these, the nuclei are separated by a wider zone of cytoplasm. The significance of these binucleate grains in pollen embryogenesis is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018043"}
{"pmid": "1018044", "title": "Timing of nucleolar DNA replication in Amoeba proteus.", "content": "Timing of nucleolar DNA replication in Amoeba proteus. Light- and electron-microscope autoradiography have been used to follow the incorporation of [3H]thymidine at different stages during the interphase of synchronously growing populations of Amoeba proteus. Two main patterns were found for tritiated thymidine incorporation, i.e. DNA synthesis. The major incorporation was in the central region of the nucleus, but a lesser degree of incorporation occurred in the nucleolar region. The bulk of this nucleolar DNA was found to be late replicating, i.e. it replicated during the G2 phase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018044"}
{"pmid": "1018045", "title": "Circus movements and blebbing locomotion in dissociated embryonic cells of an amphibian, Xenopus laevis.", "content": "Circus movements and blebbing locomotion in dissociated embryonic cells of an amphibian, Xenopus laevis. Circus movements, which involve the circumferential rotation of a hyaline cytoplasmic protrusion, occur in cells obtained by EDTA dissociation of gastrula-stage Xenopus laevis embryos. Only a few dissociated blastula-stage cells show circus movements, more early gastrula-stage cells show them, and nearly all late gastrula-stage cells show them. Circus movements cease in cells prior to mitosis and begin again in daughter cells after mitosis is completed. In early gastrulae, only 17% of prospective endodermal cells show circus movements while 79% of prospective mesodern, archenteric roof, and posterior neural ectoderm do so. Isolated cells as well as groups of cells in vitro are often propelled by circus movements. There is an obvious antagonism between cell contact and circus movements. The morphogenetic significance of circus movements and blebbing locomotion is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018045"}
{"pmid": "1018046", "title": "A decay of gap junctions in association with cell differentiation of neural retina in chick embryonic development.", "content": "A decay of gap junctions in association with cell differentiation of neural retina in chick embryonic development. Ultrastructural studies of thin-sectioned and freeze-cleaved materials were performed on developing retinal tissues of 3- to 9-day-old chick embryos to clarify the junctional structures between neural retinal cells and between neural retinal cells and cells of the pigmented epithelium. Frequency, size and position of gap junctions in developing neural retina are different at each stage of development. In 3-day-old embryos, some cells adhere to each other by gap junctions immediately below the outer limiting membrane of neural retinae. The size and number of gap junctions increase remarkably during 5-6 days of incubation. In this period of development, well developed gap junctions consisting of subcompartments of intramembrane particles are found between cell surfaces at both the outer limiting membrane region and the deeper portion of the neural retina. Gap junctions disappear thereafter, and at 7-5 days of incubation, small gap junctions are predominant between cell surfaces at the outer limiting membrane region, while the frequency of gap junctions in the deeper portion is very low. At 9 days of incubation, gap junctions are rarely found. Typical gap junctions are always found between neural retinal cells and those of the pigmented epithelium in embryos up to 7-5 days of incubation. Tight junctions are not found in the neural retina or between neural retina and pigmented epithelium throughout the stages examined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018046"}
{"pmid": "1018047", "title": "Gap junctions in the differentiated neural retinae of newly hatched chickens.", "content": "Gap junctions in the differentiated neural retinae of newly hatched chickens. Gap junctions in the neural retinae of newly hatched chickens were examined in thin section and by freeze cleaving. Unusual gap junctions containing linear arrays of intramembrane particles are found between principal and accessory cones which form a double cone at the region of the outer limiting membrane. These unusual gap junctions are often continuous with macular aggregates of hexagonally packed intramembrane particles which are characteristic of a typical gap junction. Typical gap junctions are also found in both the outer and the inner plexiform layers and in the outer nuclear layer, but are not so abundant as in the outer limiting membrane region. The sizes of intramembrane particles and their centre-to-centre spacing within the macular aggregate of a gap junction in differentiated neural retinae are slightly larger than those in undifferentiated neural retinae. Tight junctions are not found in differentiated neural retinae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018047"}
{"pmid": "1018048", "title": "Mechanism of myofibril growth and proliferation in fish muscle.", "content": "Mechanism of myofibril growth and proliferation in fish muscle. The mechanisms of myofibril growth proliferation were investigated in the red and white muscles of fish. In both types of muscle the ratio of lattice filament spacings between the Z disk and M line was found to be greater than that required for perfect transformation of a square into a hexagonal lattice. This mismatch was considered to result in the thin filaments being pulled obliquely instead of at right angles to the Z disk. The angle of pull of the thin filaments was measured in longitudinal sections. The splitting process was found to decrease the degree of pull. Splitting was also observed in transverse sections of the peripheral myofibrils. In both red and white fibres these myofibrils were found to commence splitting when they reached a size of approximately 1-2 mum diameter. Evidence from ultrastructural and autoradiographical studies suggested that growth of the myofibrils within the fibres is centrifugal. The outermost myofibrils appear to be the ones which are being built up and which split. The data indicated that in fish muscle a considerable number of filaments may be added to the daughter regions whilst splitting of the myofibril is still continuing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018048"}
{"pmid": "1018049", "title": "A special pattern of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the kidney of the snail Cryptomphalus aspersa.", "content": "A special pattern of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the kidney of the snail Cryptomphalus aspersa. A special structural pattern of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) has been observed in the kidney of the snail Cryptomphalus aspersa. Two types of cells (clear and dark) cover the foldings of the renal sac; the dark cells are by far the most numerous. A cisterna of SER enveloping the nucleus appears invariably in both types of cells, with no disruptions, or small ones (from 50 to 90 nm) along its profile. The layer of cytoplasm lodged between the external nuclear membrane and this cisterna is found invariably to be from 0-20 to 0-25 mum in width. Glycogen is abundant in the cytoplasm as alpha particles, and also in the nucleus, but as beta particles. It is noteworthy that absolutely no glycogen is present in the layer of cytoplasm lodged between the nuclear membrane and the surrounding SER envelope. Long profiles of SER are also observed closely approaching and parallel to the plasma membrane of the dark cells. Considering the role of SER in glycogen metabolism in the kidney of the snail, the possible function of these cisternae as a support system ofr enzymes involved in the metabolism of glucides is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018049"}
{"pmid": "1018050", "title": "Phagocytosis of concanavalin A in normal and enucleated cultures of mammalian cells.", "content": "Phagocytosis of concanavalin A in normal and enucleated cultures of mammalian cells. The fate of concanavalin A (Con A) bound to normal and enucleated L cells was followed at the ultrastructural level over a 20-h period. In both enucleates and normal cells the Con A is seen to be distributed in a uniform manner over the entire cell surface following a 30-min pulse with a low concentration of Con A. In the subsequent chase period the cells then aggregate the Con A and Con A sites into large clusters on the cell membrane. The cells then phagocytoze the Con A and large phagocytic vacuoles containing it are observed. Thus, enucleated cells are capable of phagocytozing Con A and its sites in the same manner as normal cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018050"}
{"pmid": "1018051", "title": "Cytoplasmic streaming in Chara corallina studied by laser light scattering.", "content": "Cytoplasmic streaming in Chara corallina studied by laser light scattering. An apparatus is described by means of which the power versus frequency spectrum of the photomultiplier current can be obtained for laser light scattered by streaming cytoplasm in the algal cell Chara corallina. A Doppler peak is noted in the spectrum which is abolished when cytoplasmic streaming is arrested by electrical stimulation. For 5 cells of Chara, this simple laser-Doppler velocimeter gave streaming velocities (46-7 mum s-1, S.D. +/- 4-8 at 20 degrees C) similar to those obtained for the same cells using the light microscope (44-3 mum s-1, S.D. +/- 5-3 at 20 degrees C). A narrow distribution of streaming velocities is indicated. The technique described provides a rapid, quantitative assay of the in vivo rheological properties of cytoplasm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018051"}
{"pmid": "1018053", "title": "Mechanisms of cell adhesion: early-forming junctions between aggregating fibroblasts.", "content": "Mechanisms of cell adhesion: early-forming junctions between aggregating fibroblasts. When cultured fibroblasts (16C) are mildly dissociated with EGTA or trypsin/EDTA, they aggregate rapidly. The formation of aggregates has been found to involve junctions of the gap and adhaerens types which are seen by electron microscopy within minutes of allowing cells to come together. The process of adhesion between freshly dissociated, transformed 16C fibroblasts is therefore organized and establishes its usefulness as a model for studying cellular interactions in relation to supracellular organization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018053"}
{"pmid": "1018054", "title": "Jaw mechanics during release of the stuttering moment: some initial observations and interpretations.", "content": "Jaw mechanics during release of the stuttering moment: some initial observations and interpretations. As a part of a larger study (Hutchinson and Watkin, 1974), this investigation was undertaken to examine jaw mechanics during the release of stuttering moments. Six adult subjects (four stutters, ranging in severity, and two normal talkers) read a series of sentences containing phonetic sequences requiring jaw depression. Strain-gauge transducers were employed to record articulatory movement. Only those stutterings occurring immediately prior to and during jaw opening were studied. The results confirmed generally faster jaw velocities for the opening and closing gestures; which was interpreted to suggest that the spindle motor system is maximally active to preserve synchrony in on-going vocal tract events following the dysfluency. In cases where an asynchrony between vocalization and jaw opening was noted, it was suggested that imprecision in predicting voice onset resulted in articulatory-laryngeal incoordination. It would appear from these interpretations that the clinical efficacy of the \"pull out\" procedure results from reduced demands on the gamma loop system and facilitation of articulatory-laryngeal synchrony through reduced supraglottal velocities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018054"}
{"pmid": "1018052", "title": "Assay of intercellular adhesiveness using cell-coated Sephadex beads as collecting particles.", "content": "Assay of intercellular adhesiveness using cell-coated Sephadex beads as collecting particles. A simple, rapid and precise method, based on a previous method, for measuring relative rates of intercellular adhesion is described. DEAE-Sephadex beads were treated with nitrocellulose in order to allow cells to grow on their surfaces. Balb/c 3T3 and Balb/c 3T12 cells were used to characterize the assay. They formed confluent cell layers on nitrocellulose-treated DEAE-Sephadex. These cell-coated beads were employed to collect 32P-labelled cells from single cell suspensions. Since they formed statistically uniform, large collecting surfaces, the collection of labelled cells was markedly improved as compared to the original assay. The cell-coated beads collected a large percentage of the labelled cells in a short time. The percentage of cells collected was independent of the concentration of labelled cells in the assay mixture, and the collection was linear for approximately 60 min. The variability between replicate assays was usually +/- 5%. The assay allows the rapid and precise determination of intercellular adhesion in large numbers of individual samples. These features make it useful to screen for effects of different treatments on intercellular adhesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018052"}
{"pmid": "1018055", "title": "Traumatic aphasia in children: a case study.", "content": "Traumatic aphasia in children: a case study. Traumatic aphasia in children has been recognized as a distinct clinical pathology, differing from adult aphasia in symptomatology and course of recovery. The upper limit for complete recovery has been identified as age 10. However, there is a paucity of literature documenting recovery of children with traumatic aphasia. It is apparent that definitive statements of the upper age limit for complete recovery from traumatic aphasia in children cannot be made at this time. This article reviews the literature concerning traumatic aphasia and presents case information of a 10-year-old traumatic aphasic girl seen at the North Texas State University Speech and Hearing Center. The design, execution, and assessment of therapeutic interaction and the observed language abilities of the client are reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018055"}
{"pmid": "1018056", "title": "Relationship of clinician feedback to child initiated verbalization during language training.", "content": "Relationship of clinician feedback to child initiated verbalization during language training. A systematic observational procedure was used to obtain frequency counts of client and clinician initiated interchanges and clinician feedback during these interchanges. Repeated recordings were made of eight different speech pathologists interacting with two groups of four preschool children. Child responses to clinician initiated interchanges received significantly more positive feedback than child initiated verbalizations to the clinician. However, considerable variation among clinicians was found both in the frequency of spontaneous verbalizations by their clients and their reaction to this verbalization. Stepwise multiple regression analyses indicated that the type and amount of clinician feedback for client initiated verbalizations was significantly related to the frequency of these utterances to the clinician, but not to other children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018056"}
{"pmid": "1018057", "title": "Cognitive conditioning therapy in the treatment of stuttering.", "content": "Cognitive conditioning therapy in the treatment of stuttering. A therapy is described in which clients vividly imagine the cognitions that usually trigger their stuttering, and then contingently experience a painful shock. With the cessation of shock, alternate desirable cognitions are imagined that are designed to facilitate fluent speech. A case study illustrating the treatment is presented. Stuttering is compared with addictive behaviors such as smoking, and it is concluded that cognitive commonalities exist among seemingly disparate behaviors. The cognitive conditioning framework provides an integrative model that can be usefully applied in a variety of situations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018057"}
{"pmid": "1018058", "title": "Perceptual and acoustic analysis of repetitions in stuttered speech.", "content": "Perceptual and acoustic analysis of repetitions in stuttered speech. This study presents perceptual and acoustic data on a carefully selected set of part-word repetitions from the speech of adult stutters. Results indicated that the schwa vowel was perceived in only 25% of the repetitions, far less than previously indicated. Spectrographic analysis showed that although abnormal consonant duration and C-V formant transitions characterized the initial segment of the stuttered word, the remainder of the word is identical to its identical to its fluently produced counterpart. The results were interpreted to mean that for the type of dysfluency selected, the articulatory breakdown is confined to the initial consonant, and it is likely that abnormal formant transitions from initial consonant to vowel, when present, are due to deviant formation of the consonant rather than to faulty transition dynamics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018058"}
{"pmid": "1018059", "title": "A refinement of the concept \"reticence\".", "content": "A refinement of the concept \"reticence\". This report has 1. Made a distinction between speech disorders involving defects and those that are primarily reticence, but in any case identified speech disorders as negotiated states as opposed to fixed disease states. 2. Argued that there is a clear analytical separation between speech disorders and speech behaviors which are indicative of neurotic disorders. 3. Attempted to remove anxiety as a component of the communication process by according it its rightful place, which is central in human personality. Furthermore, we have attempted to dispel the notion that anxiety is evil and the perennial (and sole) cause of speech disorders. 4. Identified a specialist known as the rhetoritherapist (a specially trained speech teacher) as the particular king of professional qualified to deal with speech disorders (in conjuction with speech pathologists and/or psychotherapists where necessary). We have accorded to the rhetoritherapist the province of instruction and training in all aspects of invention, delivery, and reception of rhetorical speech without reference to its moral intent. 5. Identified \"reticence\" as the most useful of the various imprecise terms used to refer to people with speech problems, because it is devoid of connotations that go beyond the speech process. Further refinement of specific categories of speech disorders is necessary to order to expand the repertoire of available treatment strategies. Such refinement will probably include reference to the various subprocesses of human speech identified earlier in this paper as they are related to the rhetorical situation. The rhetoritherapist thus emerges as the trouble-shooter, but not the \"psychotherapist,\" of speech pedagogy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018059"}
{"pmid": "1018060", "title": "Giant and \"granular melanosomes\" in Leopard syndrome: an ultrastructural study.", "content": "Giant and \"granular melanosomes\" in Leopard syndrome: an ultrastructural study. Electron microscopy of lentigines was performed to study the pigmentation abnormality in two children with LEOPARD syndrome. Giant melanosomes similar to those seen in café-au-lait spots of neurofibromatosis and nevus spilus were found in a lentigine from one of our cases. Our results show that \"spherical granular melanosomes\" described in neurofibromatosis, are lysosomal-like structures associated with the development of complex melanin granules. Our study also demonstrates that immature melanosomes are present in some keratinocytes of LEOPARD syndrome. This finding is in contrast to the prevailing concept that only mature melanosomes are transferred to keratinocytes. The occurrence of individual melanosomes of normal size and shape in keratinocytes of skin in whites with LEOPARD syndrome, suggests that neither the size of melanosomes, nor the racial differences are the factors determining the distribution of melanosomes in keratinocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018060"}
{"pmid": "1018061", "title": "Lichenoid benign keratosis.", "content": "Lichenoid benign keratosis. One hundred thirty-eight patients who presented with solitary cutaneous lesions appearing clinically as papules or plaques and histologically showing a lichenoid tissue reaction were studied. Many of the lesions occurred in sites not usually exposed to sunlight and histologically the lesions did not show significant atypical change in keratinocytes and many did not show evidence of solar elastosis in the superficial corium. Our study indicates that the lesions are benign keratoses showing a lichenoid tissue reaction or lichenoid benign keratoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018061"}
{"pmid": "1018062", "title": "Dermal changes in osteoporosis following prolonged treatment with human growth hormone.", "content": "Dermal changes in osteoporosis following prolonged treatment with human growth hormone. Five patients with osteoporosis were treated with human growth hormone (hGH) for a year and the changes in their skin were studied by light and electron microscopy. The abnormally thin skin of osteoporosis appeared to change towards normal after treatment with hGH. There was a consistent proliferation of blood vessels, and increased number of mast cells and fibrocytes. The collagen bundles and elastic tissue fibers appeared hyperplastic and more horizontally oriented. The fine, vertical elastic fibrils of the papillary dermis had appeared decreased before treatment, but seemed to be restored to their normal configuration after treatment. Since there was no evidence of stimulation of hair, sebum, or melanin such as occurs in acromegaly, it is suggested that the scope of the direct action of hGH on the skin is limited to mesenchymal structures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018062"}
{"pmid": "1018063", "title": "Deposition of complement in the lesions of experimental cutaneous candidiasis in guinea pigs.", "content": "Deposition of complement in the lesions of experimental cutaneous candidiasis in guinea pigs. Deposits of C3 have been demonstrated at the dermo-epidermal junction in the lesions of experimental cutaneous candidiasis in guinea pigs. The deposits were granular in character and similar to those previously found in the lesions of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis in humans. Immunoglobulin, C4 and candida antigen were not detected in the lesions. C3 was also found in a similar pattern at the dermo-epidermal junction of candida-infected skin from homozygous C4-deficient guinea pigs. From these observations, it is postulated that complement deposition occurs in these lesions as a result of alternative pathway activation, perhaps by cell wall components from the infecting organisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018063"}
{"pmid": "1018064", "title": "Transfollicular extrusion of sebaceous glands: natural phenomenon or artifact? A case report.", "content": "Transfollicular extrusion of sebaceous glands: natural phenomenon or artifact? A case report. A sebaceous gland tumor on the back of a 28-year-old man underwent periodic exudation of yellowish material in association with local irritation. Pathological examination revealed entire sebaceous gland lobes lying subcorneally in the orifices of sebaceous follicles. This case appears to represent transfollicular extrusion of sebaceous gland lobes as a natural phenomenon rather than as an artifact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018064"}
{"pmid": "1018065", "title": "Condylomata acuminata.", "content": "Condylomata acuminata. A 5-year-old Thoroughbred chestnut mare was presented because of multiple lesions noticed for approximately one year over the vulva and ther perianal areas. Clinically, there were moist warts that stood out because of their whitish color which contrasted strikingly with the surrounding, normally pigmented, uninvolved skin (Fig. 1). Repeated topical applications of 20% podophyllin in 95% ethyl alcohol produced rapid involution. Histopathologically, marked acanthosis, numerous mitoses, prominently vacuolated epidermal cells and a chronic dermal inflammatory infiltrate were seen (Figs. 2, 3, and 4). Interestingly, melanin in the basal cell layer was not visible in the lesions, but was very apparent in the normal epidermis at the edges of the lesions. Thus the contrast between the affected and the non-affected skin was also strikingly microscopically (Fig. 2 arrows).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018065"}
{"pmid": "1018067", "title": "Glaucoma crossroads.", "content": "Glaucoma crossroads.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018067"}
{"pmid": "1018068", "title": "Clinical and theoretical considerations of a patient with narrow angles and shallow anterior chambers.", "content": "Clinical and theoretical considerations of a patient with narrow angles and shallow anterior chambers. Clinicians must always be on the alert to identify those individuals who appear to be anatomically disposed to narrow angle glaucoma. However, it is not axiomatic that these individuals can be provoked into an attack even if a history of subacute attacks exists. In this paper, and in one other to follow, the case histories of several interesting patients that were seen by the author for routine eye examinations will be discussed. The intent of the papers is to demonstrate that the diagnosis of glaucoma, existent or potential, can be quite time consuming and is dependent on far more than just tonometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018068"}
{"pmid": "1018069", "title": "Adverse reactions to topical ocular anesthetics.", "content": "Adverse reactions to topical ocular anesthetics. The purpose of this article is to clarify some of the misunderstanding about adverse reactions to topical ocular anesthetics. Discussion will include: types of adverse reactions that are theoretically and practically possible; advice on handling the reactions that can occur; and precautions for minimizing their occurrence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018069"}
{"pmid": "1018070", "title": "Protective spectacles for retinitis pigmentosa patients.", "content": "Protective spectacles for retinitis pigmentosa patients. On the hypothesis that ophthalmic filters with appropriate light transmission characteristics may be beneficial in retarding the progress of retinal degeneration in early retinitis pigmentosa, the characteristics of several plastic and glass filters have been evaluated. A dark brown plastic goggle has been found which meets the theoretical criteria previously postulated for such protection. Its characteristics and those of other filters are compared with a lens which was specially designed for RP protection and was previously reported on by Adrian and Schmidt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018070"}
{"pmid": "1018071", "title": "Modification of Welch-Allyn \"11500 ophthalmoscope for visuoscopy.", "content": "Modification of Welch-Allyn \"11500 ophthalmoscope for visuoscopy. Visuoscopy is an indispensable test in the evaluation of the monocular fixation pattern. Unfortunately, the instrumentation needed to accurately perform the test is often costly. A procedure describing how the Welch-Allyn \"11500 ophthalmoscope may be inexpensively modified for the routine performance of visuoscopy is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018071"}
{"pmid": "1018072", "title": "An evaluation of the use of topical anesthetics and low concentrations of phenylephrine HCl for mydriasis.", "content": "An evaluation of the use of topical anesthetics and low concentrations of phenylephrine HCl for mydriasis. When used in conjunction with a topical anesthetic, low concentrations of phenylephrine HCl produce the same degree of mydriasis as is produced by higher concentrations of the drug used alone. Contrary to previously published reports, however, there is no evidence to suggest that the use of lower concentrations lessens the risk of adverse reactions. The analysis of available information given here suggests that the risks may in fact be increased when an anesthetic is used.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018072"}
{"pmid": "1018073", "title": "Accommodative blur in pilocarpine-treated glaucoma.", "content": "Accommodative blur in pilocarpine-treated glaucoma. Accommodative blurring of distance visual acuity is a common problem among young patients being treated for glaucoma with pilocarpine. A single case is reported in which a clip-on prescription was given to alleviate such problems. The development of accommodative blur following instillation of pilocarpine is monitored. The dioptric changes required to restore distance acuity to 20/20 are also monitored.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018073"}
{"pmid": "1018075", "title": "Polaroid photomacrography using the SX-70 camera.", "content": "Polaroid photomacrography using the SX-70 camera. This paper describes a technique for taking color photographs of the external eye using the Polaroid SX-70 camera and a biomicroscope. It is particularly useful in providing a photographic record of anomalies such as pterygium, in which the rate of progression across the cornea can be observed over a period of months or years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018075"}
{"pmid": "1018074", "title": "Neurological syndromes involving the visual system.", "content": "Neurological syndromes involving the visual system. Because optometrists are the primary deliverers of eye care, their role in pathology detection is of primary importance. The neurological syndromes of the visual system have been reviewed and put into a chart format as an aid to the optometric clinician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018074"}
{"pmid": "1018076", "title": "The differential diagnosis of fundus pathology,.", "content": "The differential diagnosis of fundus pathology,.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018076"}
{"pmid": "1018066", "title": "Inhibition of adenylate cyclase by arsenite and cadmium: evidence for a vicinal dithiol requirement.", "content": "Inhibition of adenylate cyclase by arsenite and cadmium: evidence for a vicinal dithiol requirement. The effect of sodium arsenite and cadmium chloride on adenylate cyclase activity was examined in turkey erythrocyte membranes. Sodium arsenite was a weak inhibitor of adenylate cyclase -7mM produced only 60% inhibition. Its effect, however, was greatly potentiated by equimolar 2,3 dimercaprol- wherein 0.7 mM sodium arsenite inhibited 100% with an apparent Ki of 0.1 mM. Equimolar mercaptoethanol was less effective in potentiating sodium arsenite inhibition. Thus 0.7mM sodium arsenite in the presence of equimolar mercaptoethanol inhibited adenylate cyclase 56%. Excess 2,3 dimercaprol reversed inhibition by sodium arsenite or cadmium chloride. Sodium arsenite or cadmium chloride inhibited all forms of adenylate cyclase activity tested, including nonhormonal stimulation. Equimolar sodium arsenite and dimercaprol, at concentrations that caused 100% inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity, reduced the binding of the beta-receptor specific ligand iodohydroxybenzylpindolol by less than 15%. These results suggest that turkey erythrocyte membranes contain closely juxtaposed thiol groups and that interaction of such groups with arsenate interferes with the catalytic function of adenulate cyclase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018066"}
{"pmid": "1018077", "title": "Advanced retinitis pigmentosa: a case report.", "content": "Advanced retinitis pigmentosa: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018077"}
{"pmid": "1018078", "title": "The ligaments of the wrist.", "content": "The ligaments of the wrist. The ligaments of the wrist were studied by dissecting ten fixed and seven fresh frozen wrists. In three other specimens multiple cross-sections were prepared. These studies show that the wrist ligaments can be classified into two groups: extrinsic and intrinsic. In the extrinsic group, the deep volar radiocarpal ligaments are three strong and very important structures connecting the radius to the capitate, the radius to the lunate, and, in a deeper layer, the radius to both the scaphoid and the lunate. A ligamentous deficiency was noted frequently between the capitate and the lunate. There also are very strong volar connections between the radius and the medial or ulnar carpus. These studies suggest that certain patients with a generalized ligamentous laxity and weakness will develop a pathological disruption of the volar ligaments with trauma. These torn volar ligaments should be repaired or reconstructed, for repair of only the dorsal ligaments seldom will provide good stability to such wrists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018078"}
{"pmid": "1018079", "title": "Comparison of histologic and functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair.", "content": "Comparison of histologic and functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair. After repair, nerve stains of skin and subcutaneous tissue biopsies of 23 fingertips contained identifiable axons in all patients. The level of recovery was more advanced in some patients than in others, as manifested by identifiable nerve in various plexuses and receptors. Meissner's corpuscles were observed to be reinnervated in 12 of 17 patients and in 16 of 23 fingertips. The degree and level of reinnervation did not correlate with clinical testing or subjective impression of the result. The authors conclude that sensibility is the result of several factors active in the peripheral and central nervous system. Axonal regrowth is but one of these.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018079"}
{"pmid": "1018080", "title": "Restoration of strong grasp and lateral pinch in tetraplegia due to cervical spinal cord injury.", "content": "Restoration of strong grasp and lateral pinch in tetraplegia due to cervical spinal cord injury. Patients with tetraplegia who have \"strong\" sixth cervical neurologic (C-6) function often can be given active grasp and strong lateral pinch by tendon transfers and tenodeses. Wrist control can be retained by the extensor carpi radialis brevis and flexor carpi radialis and can permit transfer of the extensor carpi radialis longus to provide finger flexion. Either the brachioradialis or pronator teres then is available for transfer to restore adduction-opposition of the thumb with an in situ tendon graft of a paralyzed flexor superficialis rerouted to the thumb through a palmar fascial pulley. The other motor can provide thumb flexion for strong lateral pinch. Extrinsic extension can be provided by tendoeses. With seventh cervical neurologic (C-7) function retained, active digital extension is present and functional expectations are better. Ten hands in seven patients with traumatic tetraplegia from injuries at C-6 or C-7 level have been reconstructed. The average grasp and pinch force after operation was 5.5 and 3.0 Kg., respectively. All patients but one were pleased with the increased function a", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018080"}
{"pmid": "1018081", "title": "The importance of middle or long finger realignment in ulnar drift.", "content": "The importance of middle or long finger realignment in ulnar drift. Based upon the hypothesis that ulnar drift is the result of a chain reaction starting with a medial shift of the proximal phalanx at the metacarpophalangeal joint and progessing to subluxation of the extensor tendon and finally subluxation of the metacarpophalangeal joint, the author recommends early operative realignment. The extensor tendon is partially divided and a portion passed through the base of the phalanx, the intrinsic tendons are transferred to divided, the junctura tendnium is served, the periosteum is stripped from the neck of the metacarpal, and areas of bony erosions are curetted. In 25 patients with involvement of the middle finger only, alignment was maintained in all over a period of 3 months to 7 years, the average follow-up period being 1.4 years. When deformity was severe and the radical collateral ligament has been disrupted, correction was not always maintained. Early treatment is recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018081"}
{"pmid": "1018082", "title": "Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail bed.", "content": "Squamous cell carcinoma of the nail bed. Twenty-seven cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the nail bed seen by the author have been reviewed. Sixteen were thought to be primary tumors and eleven to be secondary to chronic exposure to radiation. All had been present for a long time prior to definitive treatment. The tumor was of low grade malignancy with a tendency to invade the distal phalanx. No metastases have been found. Treatment was amputation of the distal phalanx and involved tissues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018082"}
{"pmid": "1018083", "title": "Digital nerve grafts with the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve.", "content": "Digital nerve grafts with the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. The lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve was used as a nerve graft to bridge a defect in a digital nerve, when with the digit in full extension the nerve ends could not be approximated without tension. Thirteen grafts have been followed from 7 to 23 months. Two patients did not regain two point discrimination and therefore had a poor result. The remaining 11 patients recovered two point discrimination between 7 and 20 mm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018083"}
{"pmid": "1018084", "title": "Rate and extent of functional recovery after flexor tendon grafting with and without silicone rod preparation.", "content": "Rate and extent of functional recovery after flexor tendon grafting with and without silicone rod preparation. Forty-six consecutive patients requiring flexor tendon grafts were evaluated at 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 22, 24, 28, 34, and 52 weeks after grafting. The patients were divided into two groups: those who did not require a silicone rubber rod prior to tendon grafting (Group I), and those who did require a silicone rubber rod prior to grafting (Group II). Analysis of the rate of functional recovery as measured by total active motion, gross grip strength, and pinch grip strength showed no significant difference between the two groups. Analysis of the extent of functional recovery at one year, as measured by total active motion and distance of digital pulp from distal palmar crease, showed no significant differences between Groups I and II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018084"}
{"pmid": "1018085", "title": "Patterns of neuromuscular activity following tendon transfer in the upper limb: a preliminary study.", "content": "Patterns of neuromuscular activity following tendon transfer in the upper limb: a preliminary study. Early results of a continuing study of the electrical activity of muscles after transfer, with an integrated system of electromyographic and video tape recording, recorded motions of the simple voluntary type, mostly with isometric contractions. A triceps-to-biceps transfer showed activity in the new motion one day after operation. A partial transfer of the pectoralis major (Clark) demonstrated isolated activity of the transfer after one year. A superficialis transfer to clawed ring and little fingers functioned to flex the metacarpophalangeal joints and to extend the interphalangeal joints. Transfer of superficialis to finger extensors showed that antagonists acted to provide unresisted extension. The original phasic activity of a muscle was retained in a study of extensor indicis proprius to thumb for opposition. New phasic activity was shown in transfer of extensor carpi radialis longus to digital flexors. In two instances of transfer of spastic wrist flexors to wrist extensors, the original phasic activity was retained, but in only one was the function assumed by the transfer even though wrist extension was improved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018085"}
{"pmid": "1018086", "title": "The abducted little finger in low ulnar nerve palsy.", "content": "The abducted little finger in low ulnar nerve palsy. In 12 dissections the extensor digiti minimi tendons inserted into the abductor tubercle of the proximal phalanx. In eight of the 12, the tendons passed to the ulnar side of the abductor-adductor axis of the metacarpophalangeal joint. A separate tendon from the extensor digitorum communis to the little finger was found in only one dissection, with all others showing a connecting band which varies in its obliquity and thus in its adducting effect. To correct an abducted little finger, the ulnar portion of the extensor digiti minimi was transferred to the radial side of the little finger. Two methods were used: (1) the tendon was passed to the volar side of the metacarpophalangeal joint, if the joint could be hyperextended; if not, (2) a simple transfer to the radial collateral ligament was performed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018086"}
{"pmid": "1018087", "title": "Proximal row carpectomy with muscle transfers for spastic paralysis.", "content": "Proximal row carpectomy with muscle transfers for spastic paralysis. Fourteen patients with spastic paralysis from various causes (eight with cerebral palsy) who needed minimal two handed activities to assist in self-care and who desired improvement in appearance were treated by proximal row carpectomy. In twelve transfer of flexor carpi ulnaris to extensor carpi radialis brevis was done, and in two the extensors of the wrist were shortened. Various other procedures were done in some patients. Prolonged splinting was carried out. Better extension of the wrist was obtained and supination improved more when the transfer was subcutaneous around the ulnar border than when through the interosseus membrane. Less tendency for the carpus to displace ulnarward was seen when the distal half of the scaphoid was not removed. Strength of grasp and pinch improved, but ability to release objects was diminished due to the more dorsiflexed position of the wrist. Subjective use for two handed activities was improved and the patients were satisfied with the appearance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018087"}
{"pmid": "1018088", "title": "The pronator quadratus in motions and in stabilization of the radius and ulna at the distal radioulnar joint.", "content": "The pronator quadratus in motions and in stabilization of the radius and ulna at the distal radioulnar joint. Based upon the findings of dissections of 15 forearms and clinical observations in patients with disturbed architecture of the distal radioulnar joint, the pronator quadratus was found to be composed of two heads. A superficial head originated from the ulna and passed transversely to its insertion into the radius. It averaged 5.1 cm. in length, 4.5 cm. in width, 0.2 cm. in thickness, with a cross-sectional area of 0.95 cm.2 and a contractile volume of 2.6 cm.3. The deep head ran obliquely from a more proximal origin on the ulna to a distal insertion on the radius, with an average length of 4.0 cm., average width of 3.2 cm., and a thickness of 0.4 cm. Its average cross-sectional area was 1.64 cm.2 and its contractile volume 2.5 cm.3. A group of fibers occasionally was noted deep to both heads, running at right angles to them and paralleling the direction of the fibers of the interosseous membrane. The superficial head initiates pronation while the deep head coapts the joint surfaces and stabilizes the joint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018088"}
{"pmid": "1018089", "title": "Opera-glass hand in rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Opera-glass hand in rheumatoid arthritis. Characteristic deformities occur in the fingers, thumb, and wrist in the opera-glass hand in rheumatoid arthritis. Shortening and instability are the result of bone resorption and dislocation and can be severely disabling. Early spontaneous fusion of the proximal interphalangeal joint preserves digital length. Functional improvement can be obtained in the fingers by interphalangeal joint arthrodesis and metacarpophalangeal prosthetic arthroplasty and in the thumb with metacarpophalangeal and/or interphalangeal arthrodesis. With interphalangeal arthrodesis, interposition grafts often are required in order to restore length and secure fusion. \"Prophylactic\" arthrodesis of interphalangeal joints should be considered when resorption seems imminent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018089"}
{"pmid": "1018090", "title": "Volkmann's ischemic contracture due to soft tissue injury alone.", "content": "Volkmann's ischemic contracture due to soft tissue injury alone. Fifteen upper extremities, in 14 patients in whom incipient or actual Volkmann's ischemic contracture was present, were seen in a 5 year period. Nine patients were stuporous due to drug overdose and had laid on the extremity; two had received a recent injury of main arterial trunks; two had sudden severe compression; one with chronic myelogenous leukemia had each arm involved at different times in a bizarre autoimmune response causing massive swelling. No patient had a fracture or dislocation. Pain and tenderness, loss of sensibility, resistant muscle contracture, and rock-hard muscle compartments were warning signs. Immediate fasciotomy was done. Useful function was restored when treatment was carried out in the early stages of the ischemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018090"}
{"pmid": "1018092", "title": "Digital vessel trauma from repetitive impact in baseball catchers.", "content": "Digital vessel trauma from repetitive impact in baseball catchers. The impact to the catcher's hand in baseball was studied. Modification or additional padding in the glove seems indicated to prevent vascular injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018092"}
{"pmid": "1018091", "title": "The dorsal ganglion of the wrist: its pathogenesis, gross and microscopic anatomy, and surgical treatment.", "content": "The dorsal ganglion of the wrist: its pathogenesis, gross and microscopic anatomy, and surgical treatment. During a period of 25 years, 500 dorsal ganglions of the wrist were treated surgically. Three hundred and forty-six were followed for a minimum of 9 months; there were three recurrences. Dissection of the cysts under magnification of six to 25 times and serial microscopic studies showed evidence of a one way, valvelike system between the scapholunate joint and the ganglion. Stress, as a cause of ganglions, is suggested. Operative treatment involved excising all attachments to the scapholunate ligament.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018091"}
{"pmid": "1018094", "title": "Histoenzymological mapping of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the diencephalon and mesencephalon of Uromastix hardwickii.", "content": "Histoenzymological mapping of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in the diencephalon and mesencephalon of Uromastix hardwickii. The paper deals with a detailed histochemical mapping of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in the diencephalon and mesencephalon of Uromastix hardwickii. In AChE in contrast to BChE preparations, most of the nuclei reveal intense activity Interestingly, the hypothalamic nuclei demonstrate positive reactions to AChE but totally negative reactions in BChE preparations. The enzymatic activity in fiber tracts is totally negative for AChE; on the contrary, it is intensely positive for BChE. Neurosecretory substance, in the hypothalamic region, is positive for the two preparations of the enzymes. The role of these enzymes, as related to the functional activities of the various nuclei and fiber tracts, has also been discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018094"}
{"pmid": "1018097", "title": "Age-status labeling in homosexual men.", "content": "Age-status labeling in homosexual men. Ninety-five homosexual men between 25 and 68 years of age were asked to classify themselves as young, middle-aged, or old. Most men in their 20s and 30s described themselves as young; most men in their 40s and all men over 50 described themselves as middle-aged. The popular suggestion of accelerated aging in homosexual men was not supported. Homosexual men who anticipate such accelerated aging might possess poorer physical and or psychological health than those who do not.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018097"}
{"pmid": "1018096", "title": "Differences in psychological sex, adjustment, and familial influences among homosexual and nonhomosexual populations.", "content": "Differences in psychological sex, adjustment, and familial influences among homosexual and nonhomosexual populations. The present study investigated differences in psychological sex, present and past adjustment, and parental influences among homosexual cross-dressers, homosexual non-cross-dressers, applicants for sex change surgery, and heterosexuals. The homosexual non-cross dresser and heterosexual groups were found to have the most masculine gender role, with the sex change group having the most feminine gender identity. The two homosexual groups were most accepting of homosexuality, with the sex change group having the least acceptance of homosexuality. Support was not found for the prediction that the sex change group would have the worst present and past adjustment followed by the homosexual cross-dressers with the poorest past adjustment. As predicted, however, fathers were perceived as more nurturant in the heterosexual group than among the remaining three groups. These findings suggest that variations in sexual-life-style can be understood as manifestations of different combinations of the components of psychological sex and that a nurturant father is important in the development of a heterosexual life-style.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018096"}
{"pmid": "1018098", "title": "Homosexuality in the Rorschach: a new look at the old signs.", "content": "Homosexuality in the Rorschach: a new look at the old signs. Content responses to the Rorschach inkblot test have been used by clinicians to assess homosexuality. In comparing educated, adjusted male homosexuals to educated, adjusted heterosexuals, no differences were found between the groups when the traditional index of homosexuality on the Rorschach was used. The index was unable to distinguish the groups on a number of criteria. The reliability of the index was found to be significantly greater for the homosexual group than for the heterosexual group. It was suggested that the traditional index is not valid and that it should not be used in a clinical setting as a measure to assess homosexuality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018098"}
{"pmid": "1018099", "title": "The effects of a homophile organization on the self-esteem and alienation of its members.", "content": "The effects of a homophile organization on the self-esteem and alienation of its members. Wth the expanding number and kinds of homophile organizations, a need exists to evaluate the effect these organizations have upon their members. Stemming from a previous investigation by the author, this study of the relationship between membership in a homophile organization and the dependent variables Self-Esteem and Alienation was conducted. It was found that Self-Esteem remained unaffected while Alienation levels decreased initially but started rising again a 1-year period of participation in the organization. The author hypothesizes reasons for these relationships and suggest areas for subsequent investigations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018099"}
{"pmid": "1018100", "title": "Iatrogenic homosexuality: gender identity in seven 46,XX chromosomal females with hyperadrenocortical hermaphroditism born with a penis, three reared as boys, four reared as girls.", "content": "Iatrogenic homosexuality: gender identity in seven 46,XX chromosomal females with hyperadrenocortical hermaphroditism born with a penis, three reared as boys, four reared as girls. This paper describes seven chromosomal and gonadal females with the adrenogenital syndrome who were born with a penis as a result of extreme fetal androgenization. Four of them were reared as girls and differentiated a female gender identity with tomboyism. The other three were reared as boys, differentiated a male gender identity, and performed sexually as men with women partners. Even though these men are by no means homosexual in the everyday meaning of the term, the sexual relation is homosexual on the criteria of chromosomal and gonadal sex. The prenatal hormonal environment as well as the social experience of the rearing have thus demonstrated a formula for creating the perfect female homosexual.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018100"}
{"pmid": "1018101", "title": "The use of stimulus/modeling videotapes in assertive training for homosexuals.", "content": "The use of stimulus/modeling videotapes in assertive training for homosexuals. The purpose of this study was to develop and apply an experimental approach for teaching assertive behaviors in selective problematic interpersonal situations encountered by homosexuals. Specifically, the approach explicates a treatment format that combines the use of stimulus/modeling videotapes with behavioral rehearsals, videotape feedback, and home assignments. Results of a single-subject interrupted time-series analysis suggest that the client displayed significantly more assertive behaviors on four of the six criterion measures. The findings further suggest that with contextual modification this interventive format can be applied to a variety of sexual behavior patterns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018101"}
{"pmid": "1018102", "title": "Code switching and sexual orientation: a test of Bernstein's sociolinguistic theory.", "content": "Code switching and sexual orientation: a test of Bernstein's sociolinguistic theory. Bernstein's theory was tested in the homosexual's \"closed\" community to determine code-switching ability and its relationship to jargon. Subjects told a story based on homoerotic photographs where knowledge of sexual orientation was varied. Rather than finding the restricted code associated with in-group communication, an analysis of data trends (since all hypotheses were rejected) suggests that homosexual hemophyly encouraged elaboration, and status differentiation resulted in a more restricted code. Story length was the most significant variable across groups. Some of Bernstein's theoretical explanations require modification to account for subjects' behavior in stigmatized social groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018102"}
{"pmid": "1018103", "title": "Forbidden colors of love: patterns of gay love and gay liberation.", "content": "Forbidden colors of love: patterns of gay love and gay liberation. A typology of styles of loving is applied to the search for partners among gay males, using a sample of advertisers in a gay newspaper. Characteristics of advertisers and of the partners they seek are analyzed. The impact of gay liberation ideology on gay male relationships is considered as a model of predicted changes in heterosexual male selection patterns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018103"}
{"pmid": "1018104", "title": "Reported consequences of decriminalization of consensual adult homosexuality in seven American states.", "content": "Reported consequences of decriminalization of consensual adult homosexuality in seven American states. This article reports results of a survey of police officials, prosecuting attorneys, and members of homosexual groups in the seven states that had decriminalized private homosexual behavior between consenting adults. Despite the dire predictions of many, the responses indicate that, among other things, decriminalization has had no effect on the involvement of homosexuals with minors, the use of force by homosexuals, or the amount of private homosexual behavior. Additionally, decriminalization reportedly eased somewhat the problems of the homosexual community and allowed the police to devote more time to the investigation of what generally are regarded as more serious criminal offenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018104"}
{"pmid": "1018105", "title": "The role of cognitive and situational variables in aggression toward homosexuals.", "content": "The role of cognitive and situational variables in aggression toward homosexuals. The relationship of several antecedents of aggression toward homosexuals was investigated. Attitudes toward homosexuality, perceived similarity to the target homosexual, and type of prior contact with the target homosexual were found to interact in influencing such aggressiveness. The implication of these findings to the \"personal threat\" and \"scapegoating\" hypotheses of aggression toward homosexuals is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018105"}
{"pmid": "1018106", "title": "Sexual aspirations and sexual behaviors among homosexually behaving males and females: the impact of the gay community.", "content": "Sexual aspirations and sexual behaviors among homosexually behaving males and females: the impact of the gay community. Questionnaires were administered to 100 males and 168 females who expressed strong homoerotic aspirations. These two groups were further divided into those who were members of the gay community and those who were not. Two questions served to focus the research effort: (a) to what extent is the relationship between homoerotic sexual aspirations and subsequent gratifications different for homosexuality behaving females and males, and (b) what, if any, effect does membership in the gay community have on the sexual facilitation of these aspirations? Analysis of the data suggests that issues pertaining to differences between homosexually behaving males and females cannot be addressed apart from corresponding issues concerning the impact of the gay community as a facilitator of homoerotic sexual aspirations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018106"}
{"pmid": "1018107", "title": "A factor-analytic conceptualization of attitudes toward male and female homosexuals.", "content": "A factor-analytic conceptualization of attitudes toward male and female homosexuals. A wide spectrum of opinions and beliefs concerning homosexuals was sampled, compiled into a questionnaire format, and administered to a large group of heterosexual subjects. Factor analysis yielded six independent sets of attitudes that describe the variance in heterosexual reactions to homosexuals. The relationship of sex differences and familiarity with homosexuals to variations in response style is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018107"}
{"pmid": "1018108", "title": "Homophobia: the quest for a valid scale.", "content": "Homophobia: the quest for a valid scale. Using a modified version of Smith's \"homophobic scale\", this study examines attitudinal differences between 60 homosexual and 60 heterosexual Caucasian, middle-class males. While Smith's items fail to meet minimal Guttman Scalogram requirements, significant attitudinal differences were recorded between groups. Furthermore, homosexual subjects were significantly more liberal than heterosexual subjects regarding the propriety of masturbation extramarital sexual activities, as well as the sexual activities of their teenage sisters. Although homosexual subjects evidenced a consistent liberal attitude toward sexual behavior in general many heterosexuals indicated a strong margin of attitudinal uncertainty in their responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018108"}
{"pmid": "1018109", "title": "Case management of the gender incongruity syndrome in childhood and adolescence.", "content": "Case management of the gender incongruity syndrome in childhood and adolescence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018109"}
{"pmid": "1018112", "title": "Why do women liver longer than men?", "content": "Why do women liver longer than men? In the contemporary United States, mortality is 60% higher for males than for females. Forty percent of the excess of male mortality is due to arteriosclerotic heart disease, which is more common among men in part because they smoke cigarettes more than women do, and apparently also because they more often develop the competitive, aggressive Coronary Prone Behavior Pattern. Men who do not develop this Behavior Pattern may have as low a risk of coronary heart disease as comparable women. Oophorectomy of young women may increase the risk of coronary heart disease, but administration of female hormones generally does not reduce risk. One third of the sex differential in mortality is due to men's higher rates of suicide, fatal motor vehicle and other accidents, cirrhosis of the liver, respiratory cancers and emphysema. Each of these causes of death is linked to behaviours which are encouraged or accepted more in males than in females: using guns, drinking alcohol, smoking, working at hazardous jobs, and seeming to be fearless. Thus, the behaviors expected of males in our society make a major contribution to their elevated mortality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018112"}
{"pmid": "1018111", "title": "Task demand as reflected in catecholamine excretion and heart rate.", "content": "Task demand as reflected in catecholamine excretion and heart rate. Immediate effects and aftereffects of exposure to a color-word conflict task were studied in two groups of subjects, one of which performed the task without auditory interference (\"single conflict\"), the other with auditory interference (\"double conflict\"). Physiological arousal indices were more susceptible than performance measures to the level of task demand. Thus, the higher demand imposed by the double-conflict task was reflected in relatively larger increases of adrenaline excretion and heart rate, both during the conflict task and during the subsequent arithmetic task, whereas the performance measures remained unaffected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018111"}
{"pmid": "1018110", "title": "Lesbian/feminist orientation among male-to-female transsexuals.", "content": "Lesbian/feminist orientation among male-to-female transsexuals. Autobiographical case studies of two male-to-female transsexuals reveal a pattern of strong female identity couples with lesbian sexual-affectional preference and feminist value orientation. For both informants there is evidence of social concern and activism from an early age, which led them to perceive their gender dilemmas in a political as well as personal way. This case material challenge the notion that transsexuals are necessarily \"sexualy Uncle Toms\" and demonstrated that male-to-female transsexuals (like genetic women) can achieve an affirmative lesbian identity; it suggests more generally that the development of sexual identity is an ongoing, lifelong process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018110"}
{"pmid": "1018113", "title": "Health patterns associated with type A behavior: a managerial population.", "content": "Health patterns associated with type A behavior: a managerial population. Type A Behavior is a behavioral syndrome found to be related to coronary heart disease and characterized by excessive drive, ambition, and competitiveness. Managers from 12 different companies were examined for this syndrome and for a number of the known risk factors in coronary heart disease (blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, smoking, and fitness). Those individuals exhibiting extreme Type A Behavior (Type A) showed significantly higher blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and higher cholesterol and triglyceride levels. A greater percentage of these individuals were cigarette smokers. On serum uric acid there were no differences. In each age group, Type A's were less interested in exercise, although differences in cardio-respiratory fitness were found only in the oldest age group. Type A Behavior also was related to age, education, company growth rates, and stress symptoms. Overall, the Type A1's were found to be higher on a number of risk factors known to be associated with coronary heart disease. With regard to the Type A2's (individuals with less developed Type A Behavior), the findings were not conclusive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018113"}
{"pmid": "1018114", "title": "Effect of stress due to anticipated minor surgery upon in vivo platelet aggregation in humans.", "content": "Effect of stress due to anticipated minor surgery upon in vivo platelet aggregation in humans. When measured just prior to hospital admission, platelet aggregation was faster and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher compared to measurements just prior to surgery and upon discharge fromthe hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018114"}
{"pmid": "1018115", "title": "Why do women live longer than men?", "content": "Why do women live longer than men? In the contemporary United States, males have 60 percent higher mortality than females. In Part I, published in the previous issue, we showed that 40 percent of this sex differential in mortality is due to a twofold elevation of arteriosclerotic heart disease among men. Major causes of higher rates of arteriosclerotic heart disease in men include greater cigarette smoking among men; probably a greater prevalence of the competitive, aggressive Coronary Prone Behavior Pattern among men; and possibly a protective role of female hormones. In addition, men have higher death rates for lung cancer and emphysema, primarily because more men smoke cigarettes. In Part II we analyze the other major causes of men's higher death rates: accidents, suicide, and cirrhosis of the liver. Each of these is related to behaviors which are encouraged or accepted more in men than in women in our society--for example, using guns, being adventurous and acting unafraid, working at hazardous jobs and drinking alcohol. We conclude with suggestions for reducing male mortality; for example, by changing the social conditions which foster in men the behaviors that elevate their mortality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018115"}
{"pmid": "1018116", "title": "Stress, illness, and illness behavior.", "content": "Stress, illness, and illness behavior. This paper examines adaptation as a transactive process involving the skills and capacities of individuals and their supporting groups on the one hand, and the types of challenges they face on the other. Many difficulties in understanding stress processes in illness result from the confusion between illness and illness behavior. It is argued that the medical record is as much a history of the individual's behavior and social selection processes as it is a reflection of levels of physical health. Various examples are discussed, illustrating how medical records can be misleading in research examining the relationship between stress and illness, and how influences attributed to stress may be the result of illness behavior. The paper concludes by examining alternative conceptual models for studying the relationships between life challenges, illness behavior and illness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018116"}
{"pmid": "1018117", "title": "Temporal uncertainty, anticipation time, and cognitive coping under threat.", "content": "Temporal uncertainty, anticipation time, and cognitive coping under threat. The effects of temporal uncertainty, anticipation time, and coping orientations on anticipatory reactions to an inevitable electric shock were investigated. One hundred eight male subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental conditions: they knew or did not know (temporal uncertainty) exactly when shock would occur; they waited either 1, 3, or 12 minutes for the shock, and were given either a vigilance, avoidance, or no orientation for preparing for the shock. Physiological measures were recorded continuously and pre- and post-trial questionnaires were completed to assess thoughts and feelings. Temporal uncertainty and anticipation time interacted to affect stress reactivity--i.e., as shock became imminent, temporal uncertainty led to the increased use of avoidant (as opposed to vigilant) modes of coping and was associated with a progressive lowering of reactivity, especially under the longer anticipation times. The results are consistent with the theory that coping processes mediate stress reactions under conditions of threat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018117"}
{"pmid": "1018118", "title": "Urban commuting: crowdedness and catecholamine excretion.", "content": "Urban commuting: crowdedness and catecholamine excretion. Male passengers regularly commuting by train on the Stockholm-Nynäshamn line were investigated on two morning trips to Stockholm. These trips were made under different levels of crowding, before (Trip 1) and after (Trip 2) a period of gas rationing during the oil crisis in 1974. However, seats were available for almost everyone during both trips. One group of subjects boarded the train at its first stop (Nynäshamn), the other midway on its route (Västerhaninge). Physiological reactions were assessed from the rate of catecholamine excretion in urine and subjective experiences were measured by self-ratings. The results showed that feelings of discomfort grew more intense as the train approached Stockholm and the number of passengers increased. Perceived crowdedness increased as the square of the number of passengers. During both trips the subjects from Nynäshamn (longer trip) had a lower rate of adrenaline and noradrenaline excretion on the train than those from Västerhaninge. Furthermore, it was found that the rate of adrenaline excretion was higher for both groups during Trip 2, when the train was more crowded. The results support previous findings indicating that the stress involved in travelling by train varies more with the social and ecological conditions of the trip than with its length or duration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018118"}
{"pmid": "1018119", "title": "Underload and overload in working life: outline of a multidisciplinary approach.", "content": "Underload and overload in working life: outline of a multidisciplinary approach. A research project is outlined in which concepts and methods from social psychology and psychophysiology are integrated in the study of human adaptation to underload and overload related to technically advanced work processes. Attempts are made to identify aversive factors in the work process by studying acute stress reactions, e.g., catecholamine excretion, in the course of work and relating these to long term, negative effects on well-being, job satisfaction and health. Data from a pilot study of sawmill workers support the view that machine-paced work characterized by a short work cycle and lack of control over the work process constitutes a threat to health and well being.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018119"}
{"pmid": "1018122", "title": "Surgery and mortality in peptic perforation.", "content": "Surgery and mortality in peptic perforation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018122"}
{"pmid": "1018121", "title": "Life events before myocardial infarction.", "content": "Life events before myocardial infarction. One-hundred and-twenty-one men between the ages of 35 and 65 who had been admitted to a Coronary Care Unit were interviewed within a mean of 2.3 days of that admission, concerning their experience of certain specified predesignated life events in the previous three months before myocardial infarction. Ninety-one of them who were proven to have sustained a myocardial infarction were randomly matched individually with 91 men from an industrial payroll for sex, age and occupational level. Both groups matched, as groups, on marital status and household size. Significantly more patients (p less than .01) than comparison subjects reported these life events in the three weeks before infarction, whether this was experienced acutely or in an anginal setting. Most events were apparently independent of patients' or comparison subjects control; these were reported significantly more often by patients, both during the entire 12 weeks prior to illness (p less than .01) and during the three weeks immediately before infarction (p less than .02). Methodological difficulties are delineated which hinder credence as to the role of life events before illness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018121"}
{"pmid": "1018120", "title": "Effects of prolonged stress on coping style in terminal renal failure patients.", "content": "Effects of prolonged stress on coping style in terminal renal failure patients. Fifty-nine patients with terminal renal failure and 59 comparison subjects matched on age, sex, origin, education and marital status were administered the Shanan Sentence Completion Test at the onset of hemodialysis, to test the hypothesis that 1) prolonged stress reduces the tendency to cope actively and that 2) the extent of reduction would vary according to the patients' background. Findings provided massive support for the first hypothesis; in nearly all aspects of coping style investigated, hemodialysis patients obtained significantly lower scores, indicative of passivity, negative self-perception and of tendencies to withdraw by denial from the harsh reality. Findings on the second hypothesis were equivocal. Only sex and education showed interaction with illness and coping. Women appeared to be more vulnerable than men. The effects of education on coping were reduced as a consequence of the illness. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for stress research and for the advancement of preventive measures in hemodialysis treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018120"}
{"pmid": "1018125", "title": "Giant cell tumour of the bone.", "content": "Giant cell tumour of the bone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018125"}
{"pmid": "1018124", "title": "Filarial acute abdomen in pregnancy.", "content": "Filarial acute abdomen in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018124"}
{"pmid": "1018123", "title": "Effect of PGF 2 alpha and stress on the ascorbic acid content of rat adrenal gland (a histochemical observation).", "content": "Effect of PGF 2 alpha and stress on the ascorbic acid content of rat adrenal gland (a histochemical observation).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018123"}
{"pmid": "1018126", "title": "Dubin-Johnson syndrome (Dubin-Johnson-Sprinze disease).", "content": "Dubin-Johnson syndrome (Dubin-Johnson-Sprinze disease).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018126"}
{"pmid": "1018127", "title": "Surgery and mortality of perforated peptic ulcer.", "content": "Surgery and mortality of perforated peptic ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018127"}
{"pmid": "1018128", "title": "Leucorrhoea in perimenopausal women.", "content": "Leucorrhoea in perimenopausal women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018128"}
{"pmid": "1018129", "title": "Pulmonary stenosis.", "content": "Pulmonary stenosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018129"}
{"pmid": "1018130", "title": "Percutaneous needle biopsy of lung (new dimensions).", "content": "Percutaneous needle biopsy of lung (new dimensions).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018130"}
{"pmid": "1018131", "title": "Profile of central and peripheral nervous system involvement in muscular dystrophy.", "content": "Profile of central and peripheral nervous system involvement in muscular dystrophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018131"}
{"pmid": "1018134", "title": "Under-Five's Clinic and rural India.", "content": "Under-Five's Clinic and rural India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018134"}
{"pmid": "1018132", "title": "Rheumatic heart disease in Pondicherry (a clinical study).", "content": "Rheumatic heart disease in Pondicherry (a clinical study).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018132"}
{"pmid": "1018133", "title": "Comparative trial of co-trimoxazole and tetracycline in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.", "content": "Comparative trial of co-trimoxazole and tetracycline in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018133"}
{"pmid": "1018135", "title": "New approaches to the delivery of child care.", "content": "New approaches to the delivery of child care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018135"}
{"pmid": "1018136", "title": "Health care of rural population of 0-5 age group.", "content": "Health care of rural population of 0-5 age group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018136"}
{"pmid": "1018137", "title": "Small-for-dates babies (follow-up study of 107 cases).", "content": "Small-for-dates babies (follow-up study of 107 cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018137"}
{"pmid": "1018138", "title": "Acute intestinal obstruction (a review of 1020 operated cases).", "content": "Acute intestinal obstruction (a review of 1020 operated cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018138"}
{"pmid": "1018140", "title": "Panhypopituitarism presumably of diabetic origin.", "content": "Panhypopituitarism presumably of diabetic origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018140"}
{"pmid": "1018139", "title": "Some common skin conditions of the newborn.", "content": "Some common skin conditions of the newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018139"}
{"pmid": "1018142", "title": "Profile of rheumatic heart diseases in India.", "content": "Profile of rheumatic heart diseases in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018142"}
{"pmid": "1018143", "title": "Primary nasal neuroblastoma.", "content": "Primary nasal neuroblastoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018143"}
{"pmid": "1018141", "title": "Endomyocardial fibrosis.", "content": "Endomyocardial fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018141"}
{"pmid": "1018145", "title": "Peritonitis in children.", "content": "Peritonitis in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018145"}
{"pmid": "1018144", "title": "Anodontia.", "content": "Anodontia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018144"}
{"pmid": "1018146", "title": "Peritonitis in children.", "content": "Peritonitis in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018146"}
{"pmid": "1018147", "title": "Origin of popliteus muscle in man.", "content": "Origin of popliteus muscle in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018147"}
{"pmid": "1018148", "title": "Plasma non-esterified fatty acids in diabetes mellitus with coronary artery disease.", "content": "Plasma non-esterified fatty acids in diabetes mellitus with coronary artery disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018148"}
{"pmid": "1018151", "title": "Changing concepts of medical education.", "content": "Changing concepts of medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018151"}
{"pmid": "1018149", "title": "Paediatric premedication with oral atropine.", "content": "Paediatric premedication with oral atropine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018149"}
{"pmid": "1018153", "title": "Role of general practitioners in medical education.", "content": "Role of general practitioners in medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018153"}
{"pmid": "1018150", "title": "Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome.", "content": "Vogt-Koyanagi syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018150"}
{"pmid": "1018152", "title": "Recommendations of the II National Conference on Medical Education, March 1976 (under the auspices of the Indian Medical Association).", "content": "Recommendations of the II National Conference on Medical Education, March 1976 (under the auspices of the Indian Medical Association).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018152"}
{"pmid": "1018154", "title": "Orthopaedic training in developing countries.", "content": "Orthopaedic training in developing countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018154"}
{"pmid": "1018155", "title": "Barefoot doctors or health auxiliaries: a plan of action.", "content": "Barefoot doctors or health auxiliaries: a plan of action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018155"}
{"pmid": "1018157", "title": "Tuberculous infection in New Orleans.", "content": "Tuberculous infection in New Orleans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018157"}
{"pmid": "1018158", "title": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a pediatric experience.", "content": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome: a pediatric experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018158"}
{"pmid": "1018156", "title": "Fiberoptic bronchoscopy: experience with 100 consecutive patients.", "content": "Fiberoptic bronchoscopy: experience with 100 consecutive patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018156"}
{"pmid": "1018160", "title": "Heart throbs: fact or artifact?", "content": "Heart throbs: fact or artifact?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018160"}
{"pmid": "1018161", "title": "Hypersensitivity in the anterior median eye of a jumping spider.", "content": "Hypersensitivity in the anterior median eye of a jumping spider. Changes in sensitivity of the photoreceptor cells of the anterior median eye of the jumping spider Menemerus confusus Boes. et Str. have been studied by recording electroretinograms (ERGs) and receptor potentials. The amplitudes of the responses (ERGs and receptor potentials) increase during repetitive stimulation, with a maximum increase at 3-5 s intervals. The sensitivity of the photoreceptor cell is greater for about 60 s following illumination (maximum magnitude at 3-5 s) than it is during complete dark adaptation. This phenomenon, which we call 'hypersensitivity', is lost within one day following surgery in physiological saline. Upon loss of hypersensitivity, the sensitivity decrease during light adaptation is greater than for the normal eye and the small increase of sensitivity following the onset of illumination observed for the normal eye is lost.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018161"}
{"pmid": "1018163", "title": "Spirillum swimming: theory and observations of propulsion by the flagellar bundle.", "content": "Spirillum swimming: theory and observations of propulsion by the flagellar bundle. The hydrodynamics and energetics of helical swimming by the bacterium Spirillum sp. is analysed using observations from medium speed cine photomicrography and theory. The photographic records show that the swimming organism's flagellar bundles beat in a helical fashion just as other bacterial flagella do. The data are analysed according to the rotational resistive theory of Chwang & Wu (1971) in a simple-to-use parametric form with the viscous coefficients Cs and Cn calculated according to the method of Lighthill (1975). Results of the analysis show that Spirillum dissipated biochemical energy in performing work against fluid resistance to motion at an average rate of about 6 X 10(-8) dyne cm s-1 with some 62-72% of the power dissipation due to the non-contractile body. These relationships yield a relatively low hydromechanical efficiency which is reflected in swimming speeds much smaller than a representative eukaryote. In addition the Cn/Cs ratio for the body is shown to lie in the range 0-86-1-51 and that for the flagellar bundle in the range 1-46-1-63. The implications of the power calculations for the Berg & Anderson (1973) rotating shaft model are discussed and it is shown that a rotational resistive theory analysis predicts a 5-cross bridge M ring for each flagellum of Spirillum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018163"}
{"pmid": "1018162", "title": "The effects of osmotic stress on the electrical properties of the axons of a marine osmoconformer (Mala squinado. brachyura: crustacea).", "content": "The effects of osmotic stress on the electrical properties of the axons of a marine osmoconformer (Mala squinado. brachyura: crustacea). In contrast to the depolarization observed in hyperosmotic media, exposure of peripheral nerve to hyposmotic conditions induced pronounced axonal hyperpolarization. It is suggested that this hyperpolarization resulted from increased potassium and chloride permeabilities which could assist axonal volume regulation in hyposmotic conditions. The hyperpolarization was readily reversible, but the spike-generating mechanism suffered irreversible damage at hyposmotic concentrations below 665 m-osmoles. It is suggested that this axonal damage contributes to the lethal effects of hyposmotic stress in this crustacean osmoconformer and, possibly, in some euryhaline osmoregulators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018162"}
{"pmid": "1018164", "title": "Passive exchanges during water vapour absorption in mealworms (Tenebrio molitor): a new approach to studying the phenomenon.", "content": "Passive exchanges during water vapour absorption in mealworms (Tenebrio molitor): a new approach to studying the phenomenon. The weights of single mealworms were continuously recorded at 20 degrees C during exposure to periods of constant humidity and to abrupt changes in atmospheric vapour pressure. Two exchange stages were recognized in each animal. Weight changes were either limited to slow losses, suggesting transpiration through the external cuticle, or showed more rapid humidity-dependent gains as well as losses. Rapid exchanges indicated that water was gained or lost through permeable barriers, from a fluid compartmet of significantly lower vapour pressure than the haemolymph, equivalent to about 90% R.H. Weight gains and losses during humidity changes provided evidence of a significant, passively exchanging fluid compartment located between the exchange surface and absorbing mechanism. Weight changes in faecal pellets following their elimination provide further support for a rectal site of atmospheric absorption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018164"}
{"pmid": "1018159", "title": "Mediastinal tumors. IV. Malignant thymoma.", "content": "Mediastinal tumors. IV. Malignant thymoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018159"}
{"pmid": "1018165", "title": "Neuronal basis of a sensory analyser, the acridid movement detector system. III. Control of response amplitude by tonic lateral inhibition.", "content": "Neuronal basis of a sensory analyser, the acridid movement detector system. III. Control of response amplitude by tonic lateral inhibition. 1. The Lobular Giant Movement Detector neurone (LGMD) of Schistocerca responds with spikes when small areas of the visual field change in luminance. Previous work has shown that changes of +/- 1 log 10 unit are enough to produce maximal ON and OFF responses. 2. Using a 5 degree test area, it is shown that the number of spikes generated by such a stimulus depends on the luminance of the surrounding area. When the surround is dark, the response is maximal; when it is brightly lit, the response is minimal. Intermediate intensities produce intermediate values of response. A X 2 change in response is produced by about 3 log 10 units change in surround intensity. 3. A bright annulus, with diameters of 10-5 degrees and 25-8 degrees, inhibits both ON and OFF responses when concentric with the 5 degree test area, but not when it is 30 degrees eccentric to the test area. The inhibitory effect shows no decrease after 4 min. 4. These results are interpreted to indicate a tonic lateral inhibitory network, sited peripherally in the optic lobe prior to the divergence of the separate ON and OFF channels found in the projection from the medulla to the LGMD. It is probably identical with that described for the lamina by previous workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018165"}
{"pmid": "1018166", "title": "Primitive nervous systems: electrophysiology of the pharynx of the polyclad flatworm, Enchiridium punctatum.", "content": "Primitive nervous systems: electrophysiology of the pharynx of the polyclad flatworm, Enchiridium punctatum. 1. Electrical activity accompanying motor activity can be recorded from the excised pharynx of Enchiridium punctatum. Multiple stimuli elicit behaviour which consists of an initial aperture closure followed by extension and then peristalsis. If the stimulus parameters are increased the preparation bends from side to side instead of proceeding through the behavioural sequence. Bending appears to inhibit other movements differentially. 2. The conduction involved with peristalsis is polarized and proceeds in a proximal direction. 3. With stimulus intensities greater than those needed to produce the behavioural response an initial muscle potential (IMP) is evoked. The IMP is frequency sensitive. Maximum facilitation occurs within 100 ms and drops to 50% of maximum within 250 ms. 4. Conduction velocities of the IMP range from 0-05 m s-1 to 1-9 m s-1. Conduction velocities appear to increase with facilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018166"}
{"pmid": "1018169", "title": "Heart action of the freshwater bivalve Anodonta anatina during activity.", "content": "Heart action of the freshwater bivalve Anodonta anatina during activity. 1. Heart action of Anodonta anatina (L.) was investigated by recording the electrocardiogram (ECG), heart impedance, and ventricular and pericardial cavity pressure during different aspects of the normal behaviour. The contribution of mechanical and nervous mechanisms in controlling changes in heart action is discussed. 2. Pressure recordings were generally more reliable than the other methods and it is suggested that pericardial pressure pulses indicate the stroke volume output of the ventricle. 3. During spontaneous periods of prolonged shell closure there was an initial small increase in heart activity followed by a large reduction in both heart rate and systolic pressure, indicating that total heart output was considerably reduced. When the shell reopened, heart rate increased very rapidly with an initial overshoot of the normal level; systolic pressure increased more slowly with no overshoot. 4. These major changes in heart activity appear to be associated with respiratory changes and are controlled largely by the nervous regulatory system, but some minor rhythmic variations in the amplitude of heart beat are probably caused by mechanical factors. 5. Characteristic patterns of change in heart action were recorded during burrowing. These appear to result from haemodynamic changes associated with the muscular movements of the digging cycle. Control of the heart by the nervous regulatory system is apparently of much greater importance in relation to respiratory control than in relation to the haemodynamic functioning of the fluid-muscle system in locomotion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018169"}
{"pmid": "1018167", "title": "Rhythmic swimming activity in neurones of the isolated nerve cord of the leech.", "content": "Rhythmic swimming activity in neurones of the isolated nerve cord of the leech. 1. Repeating bursts of motor neurone impulses have been recorded from the nerves of completely isolated nerve cords of the medicinal leech. The salient features of this burst rhythm are similar to those obtained in the semi-intact preparation during swimming. Hence the basic swimming rhythm is generated by a central oscillator. 2. Quantitative comparisons between the impulse patterns obtained from the isolated nerve cord and those obtained from a semi-intact preparation show that the variation in both dorsal to ventral motor neurone phasing and burst duration with swim cycle period differ in these two preparations. 3. The increase of intersegmental delay with period, which is a prominent feature of swimming behaviour of the intact animal, is not seen in either the semi-intact or isolated cord preparations. 4. In the semi-intact preparation, stretching the body wall or depolarizing an inhibitory motor neurone changes the burst duration of excitatory motor neurones in the same segment. In the isolated nerve cord, these manipulations also change the period of the swim cycle in the entire cord. 5. These comparisons suggest that sensory input stabilizes the centrally generated swimming rhythm, determines the phasing of the bursts of impulses from dorsal and ventral motor neurones, and matches the intersegmental delay to the cycle period so as to maintain a constant body shape at all rates of swimming.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018167"}
{"pmid": "1018170", "title": "Modulation of Hydra attenuata rhythmic activity: phase response curve.", "content": "Modulation of Hydra attenuata rhythmic activity: phase response curve. We investigated the effect of photic stimulation on the frequency of Hydra attenuata column contractions. We used positive or negative abrupt light transitions, single or repetitive light or darkness pulses, and alternation of light and darkness periods. The main results are: (a) The frequency of the contraction pulse trains (CPTs) varies transiently in response to an abrupt variation of the light intensity. (b) CPTs in progress can be inhibited by different types of photic stimuli. (c) The response time to a single photic stimulus varies during the inter-CPT interval and depends also on the polarity of the stimulus. (d) The CPTs are entrainable with repetitive light stimulation of various frequencies. (e) Long-lasting variations of the frequency of CPTs occur after the end of a repetitive light stimulation. We suggest that the mechanism responsible for the rhythym of column contractions is quite similar to that on which other biological rhythmic phenomena are based.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018170"}
{"pmid": "1018168", "title": "Evidence for calcium inactivation during hormone release in the rat neurohypophysis.", "content": "Evidence for calcium inactivation during hormone release in the rat neurohypophysis. 1. A study has been made of the relationship between 45Ca uptake into and hormone release from isolated rat neurohypophyses incubated in vitro. 2. Hormone secretion is triggered by high-K (56 mM) but long exposure to the stimulus does not generate a maintained release of hormone. 3. When hormone release began to wane, addition of Ba of La increased hormone output which suggests that the decline in output did not result from depletion of the neurosecretory granules at the nerve terminals. 4. 45Ca uptake is enhanced in the presence of high-K concentration, but the initial high rate declines during long exposure to the potassium stimulus with a time constant similar to that of the decline in hormone release. 5. After a period of incubation in a K-rich, calcium-free medium, addition of calcium to the medium induced hormone release. The magnitude of this release was dependent on the time of exposure to excess potassium. 6. After inactivation of secretion, mobilization of internal calcium by means of a calcium ionophore increased hormone release.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018168"}
{"pmid": "1018171", "title": "Events following the infections of enucleate cells with measles virus.", "content": "Events following the infections of enucleate cells with measles virus. The development of measles virus (Edmonston) and SSPE measles virus (Horta-Barbosa) has been examined in enucleate BSC 1 cells. New antigen synthesis in measles virus infected enucleate cells has been demonstrated by fluorescent antibody, by the formation of extensive syncytia from enucleate cells alone and by analysis of polypeptide formation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All polypeptides formed in nucleate cells were also present in enucleate cells but the amount synthesized was reduced to around 20% of that in nucleate cells. There was also a significant reduction in the amount of antigen detected by fluorescent antibody in enucleate as compared to nucleate preparations. Examination of RNA synthesis in infected enucleate cells revealed only a marginal increase in acid-insoluble material. Titration of the output of infectious virus from enucleate cells infected at both 37 and 31 degrees C indicated a consistent reduction of almost two log units compared to nucleate cells. That the enucleate cells were capable of replicating input genome at these times was demonstrated by the successful growth of respiratory syncytial virus, both at 37 and 31 degrees C. SSPE measles virus grew to higher yield in nucleate BSC 1 than measles virus but there was again a reduction of more than two log units in enucleate cells. All polypeptides synthesized in SSPE infected nucleate cells were apparent in enucleate cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018171"}
{"pmid": "1018172", "title": "Homogenization-resistant and -susceptible components of tobacco mosaic virus replicative form RNA.", "content": "Homogenization-resistant and -susceptible components of tobacco mosaic virus replicative form RNA. When prepared from tissue frozen with liquid nitrogen, tobacco mosaic virus replicative form RNA (TMV RF) was uniform in size but when prepared by high-speed homogenization, or when TMV RF prepared with liquid nitrogen was homogenized, 80 to 90% of the RF broke into relatively discrete pieces. The unbroken RF was not fragmented by additional homogenization. The TMV RF components susceptible and resistant to breakage, respectively, were synthesized with similar kinetics in relation to length of labelling period, but the slightly more resistant component was synthesized during the early infection period. Both components were produced by different strains of TMV but leaves infected with cowpea chlorotic mottle or southern bean mosaic viruses yielded only RF resistant to breakage. TMV replicative intermediate RNA was also broken by homogenization. The occurrence of the two RF components may be of significance in the replication of RNA viruses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018172"}
{"pmid": "1018173", "title": "Ortho- and paramyxoviruses from migrating feral ducks: characterization of a new group of influenza A viruses.", "content": "Ortho- and paramyxoviruses from migrating feral ducks: characterization of a new group of influenza A viruses. Ortho- and parainfluenza viruses isolated from the cloacas of migrating feral ducks shot on the Mississippi flyway included three strains of influenza. A virus (Hav6 Nav1, Hav6 Nl, Hav7 Neq2) as well as Newcastle disease virus. One influenza virus, A/duck/Memphis/546/74, possessed Hav3 haemagglutinin, but the neuraminidase was not inhibited by any of the known influenza reference antisera. The neuraminidase on this virus was related to the neuraminidases on A/duck/GDR/72 (H2 N?), A/turkey/Ontario/7732/66 (Hav 5 N?), A/duck/Ukraine/1/60 (Hav3 N?) and A/turkey/Wisconsin/68. We therefore propose that the neuraminidase on this group of influenza viruses be designated Nav6. The A/duck/Memphis/546/74 influenza virus caused an ocular discharge in 1 of 5 ducks and was shed in faeces for 10 days; it was stable in faecal samples for up to 3 days at 20 degrees C. These results suggest that ecological studies on influenza in avian species should include attempts to isolate virus from faeces. Faecal-oral transmission is an attractive explanation for the spread of influenza virus from feral birds to other animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018173"}
{"pmid": "1018174", "title": "Xf phage invading the host cells with their protein coats.", "content": "Xf phage invading the host cells with their protein coats. The Xf phage coat protein associated with infected cells could not be removed by washing with antiserum and tris-EDTA buffer. Although the infected cells were consecutively washed 6 times with tris-EDTA buffer, the ratios of parental phage 6H-DNA to 14C-protein were not changed. A considerable amount of the parental 14C-protein and 3H-DNA in the original ratio were detected in the membrane and the soluble cytoplasmic fractions of infected cells. The studies of the change in Xf 14C-protein and 3H-DNA incorporation into the host cells and their release showed that DNA and protein penetrate together into the host cells during the first 60 min after infection (p.i.). While virtually all parental DNA was conserved, re-utilized and released from the infected cell 60 min p.i., no apparent release of parental protein was observed. Approx. 40% of the parental protein became degraded and could be washed from the infected cell after 90 min; the rest of the parental protein remained and probably was re-utilized by the host.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018174"}
{"pmid": "1018175", "title": "On the regulation of protein synthesis in vaccinia virus infected cells.", "content": "On the regulation of protein synthesis in vaccinia virus infected cells. All eukaryotic mRNA species show a characteristic individual translational efficiency under conditions of restricted polypeptide chain initiation caused by an increase in the osmolarity of the growth medium. In vaccinia virus infected L cells or HeLa cells virus mRNAs can be grouped into classes on the basis of their relative labelling under standard and hypertonic conditions. Under the latter conditions, most of the \"early\" mRNAs possess very high translational efficiencies, most of the \"intermediate\" mRNAs show an intermediate efficiency and the most prominent \"late\" mRNAs show a translational efficiency which is lower than that of other virus mRNAs but still higher than the average cellular mRNA. Late in the infection cycle virus mRNAs with a relative low translational efficiency are preferentially translated under standard growth conditions whereas \"early\" virus mRNAs which are still present and which show a higher translational resistance to hypertonic conditions are not translated. These results indicate a unique translational control operating late in the growth cycle of vaccinia virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018175"}
{"pmid": "1018176", "title": "A rapid method for the quantitative study of RNA from canine distemper virus infected cells.", "content": "A rapid method for the quantitative study of RNA from canine distemper virus infected cells. Centrifugation through CsCl was used to isolate 32P-labelled RNA in a one-step purification procedure. The method is suitable for quantitative as well as preparative studies and appears to have considerable advantages over conventional methods of RNA extraction. We have used this procedure to investigate the RNA synthesized in Vero cells infected with canine distemper virus (CDV). We show that the combination of CsCl centrifugation and affinity chromatography on poly-U Sepharose provides a rapid method for isolating messenger RNA from virus infected cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018176"}
{"pmid": "1018178", "title": "The use of contact B mode ultrasound in pediatric ophthalmology.", "content": "The use of contact B mode ultrasound in pediatric ophthalmology. It has been shown that an ultrasound system such as the Bronson-Turner Contact B Mode can be added, fruitfully, to the armamentarium of the individual pediatric ophthalmologist. It can be used quickly and precisely with an ophthalmological training and without patient discomfort or anesthesia no matter what the age. Valuable anterior segment information can be readily gained without a waterbath. Examples are shown of children with opaque media who were found to have congenital cataracts and congenital aphakia, microphthalmos, PHPV, retinal anomalies and ectatic coloboma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018178"}
{"pmid": "1018177", "title": "Inhibition of vaccinia virus growth by the nucleoside analogue 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (virazole, ribavirin).", "content": "Inhibition of vaccinia virus growth by the nucleoside analogue 1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide (virazole, ribavirin). Virazole or Ribavirin (1-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) inhibits the growth of vaccinia virus at a concentration ode to a certain extent in the presence of Virazole, the DNA fails to acquire resistance to deoxyribonuclease and virus particles are not formed. Reversibility of the antiviral effect occurs when the drug is washed out from the infected cultures or when guanosine at an equimolar concentration is added.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018177"}
{"pmid": "1018179", "title": "Fascia lata sling in blepharoptosis: enhancement of result by postoperative adjustment.", "content": "Fascia lata sling in blepharoptosis: enhancement of result by postoperative adjustment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018179"}
{"pmid": "1018180", "title": "Rhinosporidiosis in children.", "content": "Rhinosporidiosis in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018180"}
{"pmid": "1018181", "title": "Freeze-cleaved replicas of the anterior surface of the vitreous body in premature infants.", "content": "Freeze-cleaved replicas of the anterior surface of the vitreous body in premature infants. An electronmicroscopic structure of the anterior vitreous surface of premature human infant cadavers at the age of six, seven and eight months demonstrated with replica technique is presented. A regular hexagonal structure has been found behind the center of the lens. Towards the equator of the lens this structure is losing its regularity and may exhibit the forms of pentagons, rectangles, etc. This is probably due to the technique applied in the preparation. In one case a \"mixed type\" of fibrillar structure appeared, the arrangement of which does not seem to fit into the present concept of the orientation of the collagen fibrils.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018181"}
{"pmid": "1018182", "title": "The fusional balancing innervation in heterophoria for control of antipodal deviations at a null point: a previously undescribed type of binocular innervation.", "content": "The fusional balancing innervation in heterophoria for control of antipodal deviations at a null point: a previously undescribed type of binocular innervation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018182"}
{"pmid": "1018183", "title": "Strabismus in children with cerebral palsy.", "content": "Strabismus in children with cerebral palsy. A group of 238 patients with cerebral palsy were identified of whom 108 could be studied through their charts. Only 20 of these patients had strabismus. Of this group, 10 received no surgical therapy. In these patients followed up to a period of four years, no evidence of significant change in the strabismic deviation was found. Patients who were treated by medical and optical means alone did not show evidence of improvement. Surgical therapy was effective in providing a cosmetically acceptable result. Surgery was performed between two and one-half and 13 years of age in eight patients, with an average age of surgery of 6.5 years. The results which we obtained are comparable to those obtained by others at an earlier age. It does not appear that the age of surgery affects the ultimate cosmetic nor functional outcome in children with cerebral palsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018183"}
{"pmid": "1018184", "title": "Infantile cataracts, Coats' disease, and ketotic hypoglycemia.", "content": "Infantile cataracts, Coats' disease, and ketotic hypoglycemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018184"}
{"pmid": "1018185", "title": "Optic disc pigmentation associated with a field defect following chickenpox.", "content": "Optic disc pigmentation associated with a field defect following chickenpox.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018185"}
{"pmid": "1018186", "title": "Aplasia of the optic nerve.", "content": "Aplasia of the optic nerve. A case of unilateral true aplasia of the optic nerve in an otherwise normal and healthy child is presented. Twenty-eight previously reported cases of aplasia have been reviewed and classified according to criteria which we have presented. Only six of these cases, including the present case, represent true aplasia, manifested by total blindness and complete absence of the optic disc and retinal vessels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018186"}
{"pmid": "1018187", "title": "Recurrence risks for retinoblastoma: a model for autosomal dominant disorders with complex inheritance.", "content": "Recurrence risks for retinoblastoma: a model for autosomal dominant disorders with complex inheritance. The characteristics of retinoblastoma pertinent to genetic counseling are presented. Vogel's model for the inheritance pattern of the tumor is described and then used to derive recurrence risks for the important genetic counseling situations in retinoblastoma. The effect on the risk of the degree and number of unaffected relatives to the index case in a pedigree is quantified.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018187"}
{"pmid": "1018189", "title": "Comparative study of the surgical management of congenital esotropia of 50 prism diopter or less.", "content": "Comparative study of the surgical management of congenital esotropia of 50 prism diopter or less. Fort-nine patients with congenital esotropia of 50 prism diopters or less were selected at random. Twenty-five had bimedial recessions performed initially followed by bilateral rectus resections when needed. Twenty-four had recession/resections performed initially and when needed, were followed by the same procedure on the fellow eye. The average corrections obtained after first procedure and after second procedure were compared and analyzed. The results showed the initial procedures of both groups to be equally effective. The results obtained after the second procedure in the recession/resection group were significantly better. Therefore, it would appear that for the patient we have described, the most effective surgical approach is ultimately the surgical regimen of recession/resection followed by the same procedure on the fellow eye.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018189"}
{"pmid": "1018188", "title": "Thrombosis of the central retinal artery in retinoblastoma.", "content": "Thrombosis of the central retinal artery in retinoblastoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018188"}
{"pmid": "1018191", "title": "Clinical picture and management of subperiosteal hematoma of the orbit.", "content": "Clinical picture and management of subperiosteal hematoma of the orbit. A subperiosteal hematoma was seen in a 14-year-old boy following a blow to his head during a car accident. The involved orbit exhibited exophthalmus and inability of the eye to move above the horizontal. X-rays revealed a hairline fracture of the skull and a hemotympanum was found on the injured side. A subperiosteal hematoma of the orbital roof was suspected. Needle aspiration of the blood from the orbital hematoma resulted in an almost immediate cure of all orbital and occular problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018191"}
{"pmid": "1018190", "title": "A new approach to the Hirschberg test.", "content": "A new approach to the Hirschberg test. Forty patients with horizontal strabismus were examined in order to establish a correlation between measurements obtained by the alternate cover under the amblyoscope and measurements made by passively placing the corneal reflex in symmetry of that of the fixating eye. In order to reduce errors, the pupils were constricted to two mms and a very intense and bright one mm corneal reflex produced. Both measurements were very similar and a correlation of r=0,94 was found. Accuracy was significant at the p=0,005 level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018190"}
{"pmid": "1018193", "title": "Juvenile glaucoma in the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome.", "content": "Juvenile glaucoma in the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. A 10-year-old retarded child was seen by an ophthalmologist because of strabismus. Examination of the optic nerve heads revealed cupping consistant with glaucoma and initiated a referral. The appearance of this girl, with flat-broad based thumbs and toes, small head, low set ears, high arched brows, antimongoloid slant to the eyes, high arched palate, associated with mental retardation, and strabismus suggested the Rubinstein-Tabyi Syndrome. Gonioscopy revealed a high iris insertion, while tonometry indicated mildly elevated pressures in the right eye. Examination of the optic nerve heads showed large glaucomatous type cups, more so on the right with compromise of the temporal rim. Trabeculectomy was effective in controlling the intraocular pressure in the right eye. The association of juvenile glaucoma with the Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome requires that ophthalmic referral to assess glaucoma be an essential part of the evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018193"}
{"pmid": "1018192", "title": "Hyphema in infancy and childhood: a brief review and report of an unusual case.", "content": "Hyphema in infancy and childhood: a brief review and report of an unusual case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018192"}
{"pmid": "1018194", "title": "Trabeculectomy for adolescent onset glaucoma in the Sturge-Weber syndrome.", "content": "Trabeculectomy for adolescent onset glaucoma in the Sturge-Weber syndrome. Two patients with adolescent onset glaucoma associated with Sturge-Weber Syndrome have been presented. Both patients were successfully treated with ab externo trabeculectomy. This procedure is suggested as an additional means for controlling the late onset glaucoma associated with the syndrome without provoking additional complications or deterioration. Early treatment is emphasized before the irreversible changes of chronic glaucoma become manifest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018194"}
{"pmid": "1018195", "title": "Feathered eyebrows and high myopia.", "content": "Feathered eyebrows and high myopia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018195"}
{"pmid": "1018196", "title": "Enucleations in Nigerian Igbo children.", "content": "Enucleations in Nigerian Igbo children. A series of 32 eyes enucleated from Nigerian Igbo children has been reviewed. Retinoblastoma accounted for 19 enucleations, both sexes being equally affected and most growth being far advance. The seven cases of known trauma were with one exception encountered in boys and involved mostly plant material. Inflammatory pseudotumor was seen in two girls during the first year of life and malignant lymphoma in a boy of 15 years. Corneal ulceration was responsible for enucleation in three boys, one of them being the aftermath of measles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018196"}
{"pmid": "1018197", "title": "Experimental creeping muscle.", "content": "Experimental creeping muscle. Using healthy rabbits, medial and lateral rectus muscles were recessed. Classical Swann incisions, along with limbal incisions with and without conjunctival recession, were performed. The second variable of reactability of suture material, utilizing absorbable 6-0 chromic and nonabsorbable 6-0 tycron sutures, was tested. Using a 9-0 nylon marking suture for documentation of area of recession, anterior advancement could be accurately measured. Five months after surgery, the animals were sacrificed, and each muscle was examined. Regardless of incision perfored and regardless of suture type used, no anterior advancement of retroplaced muscles occurred.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018197"}
{"pmid": "1018198", "title": "Pediatric dosing considerations in ophthalmology.", "content": "Pediatric dosing considerations in ophthalmology. In almost all cases concerned with topically applied ophthalmic drugs, no distinction is made between adults and infants or children with regard to the concentration and amount of drug used. Even though maximal therapeutic effects are usually observed, there can be significant short- and long-term toxicity problems. Based on some modest assumptions it should be possible to reduce doses without sacrificing therapeutic effectiveness in infants and children up to three years of age. The overriding concern should be, however, potential toxicity problems which may exist  in infants and children, in particular the neonate, due to their low body weight and the fact that in most cases, more than 90 percent of an instilled dose in potentially available to act systemically. Total body surface area can be used as a measure for determining potentially toxic doses in children. Especially for potent drugs, with both short- and long-term manifestations, toxicity considerations may necessitate some sacrifice in therapeutic effectiveness of a given drug or switching to an alternate drug in order to insure a reduction in toxic side effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018198"}
{"pmid": "1018199", "title": "Panuveitis -- presenting symptom of systemic sarcoidosis in a child.", "content": "Panuveitis -- presenting symptom of systemic sarcoidosis in a child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018199"}
{"pmid": "1018200", "title": "Giant hairy nevus: preventable cause of amblyopia.", "content": "Giant hairy nevus: preventable cause of amblyopia. An infant with a congenital giant hairy nevus causing occlusion of the visual axis of the right eye is presented. The nevus was removed at the early age of three weeks because of concern that the child would develop deprivation amblyopia. Since such nevi can undergo malignant changes, early removal may be justified for that reason alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018200"}
{"pmid": "1018202", "title": "The special blood supply of the retina in optic nerve gliomas.", "content": "The special blood supply of the retina in optic nerve gliomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018202"}
{"pmid": "1018201", "title": "Abnormal macular arteriovenous communication.", "content": "Abnormal macular arteriovenous communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018201"}
{"pmid": "1018206", "title": "Electroretinogram and visually evoked cortical potential in Tay-Sachs disease: a report of two cases.", "content": "Electroretinogram and visually evoked cortical potential in Tay-Sachs disease: a report of two cases. The electroretinogram (ERG) and visually evoked cortical potential (VECP) were recorded in two cases of Tay-Sachs disease where diagnosis was well established: 1. ERGs of high amplitude and of normal wave form were recordable with prominent oscillatory potentials. Responses were always equal in both eyes. 2. VECPs were extinguished in both cases. These findings were interpreted as showing that Tay-Sachs disease is caused by the degeneration of ganglion cells in the nervous system and that the ganglion cells in the retina do not affect the ERGs of vertebrate animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018206"}
{"pmid": "1018204", "title": "Isolated oculomotor nerve palsy in childhood from leptomeningeal polymorphic cell sarcoma.", "content": "Isolated oculomotor nerve palsy in childhood from leptomeningeal polymorphic cell sarcoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018204"}
{"pmid": "1018203", "title": "Ocular pathology of Lowe's syndrome in a female infant.", "content": "Ocular pathology of Lowe's syndrome in a female infant. The ocular pathologic findings are presented in a case of a female infant with clinical and biochemical evidence of Lowe's syndrome. A small but increasing number of reports suggest that the mode of inheritance is not always sex-linked. The ocular histopathologic findings in the present case parallel those previously described for this syndrome. While the pathologic findings in other systems are variable, it is thought that the constellation of lens and anterior segment changes are sufficiently characteristic to identify cases of Lowe's syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018203"}
{"pmid": "1018205", "title": "Atypical vertical retraction syndrome: a case study.", "content": "Atypical vertical retraction syndrome: a case study. A case of unilateral retraction of the eyeball in downward gaze as well as downshoot with the retraction when an outward horizontal movement of the contralateral eye was attempted has been introduced. The case has an exotropia with inability to adduct involved eye. The face turned to the left to minimize diplopia in the primary position. During the retraction, the lid widened slightly. An analyses by electrooculography and electromyography suggested that there was an abnormal neural connection between the vertical recti of the involved eye and the contralateral lateral rectus muscle. Co-contraction of vertical recti and loss of the reciprocal innervation were seen at the involved eye. Surgical treatment for exotropia, and total transplantation of vertical recti to the insertion of the involved medial rectus resulted in a slight reduction of the exotropia with the face straight, but not in the retraction as well as adduction and elevation of the involved eye. Based on the results, a central mechanism to produce above abnormality was described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018205"}
{"pmid": "1018208", "title": "Bilateral retinoblastoma and verbal intelligence.", "content": "Bilateral retinoblastoma and verbal intelligence. Sighted and blind patients with bilateral retinoblastoma were compared with their unaffected siblings on standardized tests of verbal intelligence. IQs of blind subjects were found to be significantly higher than those of their siblings while no such difference was noted between sighted subjects and their controls. It was concluded that the IQ superiority of the blind group is associated with blindness rather than with the disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018208"}
{"pmid": "1018211", "title": "Embryopathic time-table of cataract formation in congenital rubella.", "content": "Embryopathic time-table of cataract formation in congenital rubella.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018211"}
{"pmid": "1018207", "title": "Ectopia lentis with Marfan's syndrome -- case with a useful optical correction.", "content": "Ectopia lentis with Marfan's syndrome -- case with a useful optical correction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018207"}
{"pmid": "1018209", "title": "Recurrent nonaccidentally inflicted chemical eye injuries to siblings.", "content": "Recurrent nonaccidentally inflicted chemical eye injuries to siblings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018209"}
{"pmid": "1018210", "title": "Massive congenital ocular toxoplasmosis.", "content": "Massive congenital ocular toxoplasmosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018210"}
{"pmid": "1018213", "title": "Familial retinoblastoma--a cautionary tale.", "content": "Familial retinoblastoma--a cautionary tale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018213"}
{"pmid": "1018215", "title": "The cornea in mucolipidosis IV.", "content": "The cornea in mucolipidosis IV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018215"}
{"pmid": "1018226", "title": "Physiological mediation of attitudinal responses.", "content": "Physiological mediation of attitudinal responses. A study was undertaken to try to ascertain the best model of the relationship between stimuli, physiological responses, and attitudes. Subjects were asked to indicate their attitudes toward various nations after having received various bogus information about how they responded physiologically to the stimuli. The results indicate the following: (a) In general, attitudes appear to be physiologically mediated; (b) physiological mediation of attitudes is strongest when prior knowledge about the stimuli is low but is independent of prior attitudes about the stimuli; (c) bogus physiological feedback does not seem to be verbally mediated; and (d) the most fruitful distinction between types of bogus feedback is between any feedback versus no feedback, not between change versus no change or between increase versus decrease in response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018226"}
{"pmid": "1018227", "title": "Sex typing and the avoidance of cross-sex behavior.", "content": "Sex typing and the avoidance of cross-sex behavior. This article presents evidence for the hypothesis that cross-sex behavior is motivationally problematic for sex-typed individuals and that they actively avoid it as a result. In particular, when asked to indicate which of a series of paired activities they would prefer to perform for pay while being photographed, sex-typed subjects were more likely than either androgynous or sex-reversed subjects to prefer sex-appropriate activity and to resist sex-inappropriate activity, even though such choices cost them money. Moreover, actually engaging in cross-sex behavior caused sex-typed subjects to report greater psychological discomfort and more negative feelings about themselves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018227"}
{"pmid": "1018212", "title": "Retinoblastoma in an eighteen-year-old male.", "content": "Retinoblastoma in an eighteen-year-old male.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018212"}
{"pmid": "1018214", "title": "Clinical applications of research in strabismus.", "content": "Clinical applications of research in strabismus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018214"}
{"pmid": "1018218", "title": "Perforating injuries of the eye in childhood.", "content": "Perforating injuries of the eye in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018218"}
{"pmid": "1018228", "title": "Sugars and sugar derivatives which inhibit the short-circuit current of the everted small intestine of the rat.", "content": "Sugars and sugar derivatives which inhibit the short-circuit current of the everted small intestine of the rat. 1. The short-circuit current of everted rat intestine supported on a perforated cannula proved to be stable for up to 3 hr and has been used to study competition between transportable and non-transportable sugars. 2. 4,6-O-Ethylidene-alpha-D-glucopyranose (ethylidene glucose) and 4,6-O-benzylidene-e alpha-D-glucopyranos (benzylinene glucose), two nontransportable inhibitors of the hexose transfer system in human erythrocytes, were found to reduce the short-circuit current generated by transportable sugars such as galactose or 3-O-methyl glucose. 3. These compounds were also found to reduce the basal short-circuit current established by the everted intestine in a sugar-free Krebs solution. Both types of inhibition approached saturation at the higher concentrations used. 4. Similar inhibitory properties were shown by mannose, a non-actively accumulated monosaccharide, and by the beta-disaccharides lactose and cellobiose. 5. It is suggested that this common pattern of behaviour is due to the ability of these compounds to react with the sites for active hexose transfer but without translocation by the system. The significance of the inhibition of the basal short-circuit current is briefly discussed in this context.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018228"}
{"pmid": "1018216", "title": "Space occupying orbital lesions in Indian children: a clinical study of 66 consecutive cases.", "content": "Space occupying orbital lesions in Indian children: a clinical study of 66 consecutive cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018216"}
{"pmid": "1018217", "title": "The surgery and results following traumatic cataracts in children.", "content": "The surgery and results following traumatic cataracts in children. Ninety eyes undergoing surgery for the removal of traumatic cataracts have been evaluated. In this group, the visual results relate to the coincident complications and amblyopia. Most commonly, they may be related to the extent of the preoperative trauma to the injured eye or to the age of the patient at the time of the injury. Forty-eight eyes (54%) achieved an acuity of 20/20 to 20/80 with 38 (42%) eyes achieving acuity of 20/20 to 20/30. A visual result of 20/80 or better was obtained in 12 eyes of the 29 patients six years of age or less.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018217"}
{"pmid": "1018230", "title": "Afferent sympathetic nerve fibres with aortic endings.", "content": "Afferent sympathetic nerve fibres with aortic endings. 1. We recorded the electrical impulse activity of thirty-five single afferent fibres with aortic endings isolated from the third to the sixth left thoracic sympathetic rami communicantes of anaesthetized cats. The endings of each fibre were localized by mechanical probing of the opened aorta at the end of each experiment. 2. Twenty-four fibres had a single aortic receptive field. Eleven fibres had several and distinct receptive fields (from two to four): they were usually located in nearby aortic areas or, in addition, in other proximal portions of the arterial tree or in the adjacent pleura and connective tissue. 3. Twenty-nine fibres had conduction velocities ranging between 5 and 27 m/sec (Group Adelta), while six fibres had conduction velocities between 0-2 and 1-2m/sec (Group C). 4. The spontaneous impulse activity was in phase with the aortic pressure pulse and consisted of not more than one impulse per pressure pulse. It was increased during increases in aortic pressure and, conversely, decreased during decreases in aortic pressure. In vivo and post mortem studies showed that these mechanoreceptors had an impulse activity which rapidly adapted during sustained stimuli. They thus seem to signal pulsatile aortic stretch. 5. These aortic sympathetic afferents are likely to be part of a nervous pathway through which pressor reflexes, exhibiting positive feed-back characteristics, can elicited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018230"}
{"pmid": "1018229", "title": "Manganese-dependent propagated action potentials and their depression by electrical stimulation in guinea-pig myocardium perfused by sodium-free media.", "content": "Manganese-dependent propagated action potentials and their depression by electrical stimulation in guinea-pig myocardium perfused by sodium-free media. 1. Propagated action potentials were recorded in right ventricular papillary muscles from guinea-pig heart while exposed to Na-free, Ca-free and Mg-free solutions containing Mn. 2. When Na was totally replaced by 95 mM-Mn the overshoot was about 45 mV while the resting potential was about -90mV. 3. The overshoot of action potentials was increased by about 20-30 mV per tenfold increase of Mn concentration over the range of 2-50 mM. 4. Similar increases of overshoots with increasing of Mn concentration also occurred in the presence of 0-6 mM-Ca. Increasing of Ca from 5 to 20 mM had little influence on the overshoot but shortened the duration of the Mn-dependent action potential in the presence of 5 mM-MN. 5 Mn-dependent action potentials were not depressed by 3 X 10(5) M tetrodotoxin but by La. 6. These results suggest that Mn passes through the slow inward current channel to generate the action potential seen under the Na-free condition. 7. The overshoot and duration of the Mn-dependent action potential decreased with stimulation. At stimulus frequencies (Hz) of 0-5, 0-2, 0-1, 0-017 and 0-0033 the overshoot of action potential in 5 mM-Mn Tyrode decreased by 0-5-1 mV per an action potential.  This depression of the action potential is explained by assuming intracellular accumulation of Mn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018229"}
{"pmid": "1018231", "title": "Influence of the sodium pump on intercellular communication in heart fibres: effect of intracellular injection of sodium ion on electrical coupling.", "content": "Influence of the sodium pump on intercellular communication in heart fibres: effect of intracellular injection of sodium ion on electrical coupling. 1. The effect of intracellular sodium injection on the electrical coupling between cardiac Purkinje cells was investigated. 2. It was found that an increase in the intracellular sodium concentration produces uncoupling in about 500 sec and increases the input resistance of the injected cell. Both effects were completely reversible. 3. Inhibition of the sodium pump by ouabain (6-8 x 10(7) M) also causes electrical uncoupling. 4. The decoupling of heart cells achieved by sodium injection was considerably accelerated in fibres treated with ouabain. 5. The influence of sodium injection on cell communication seems to be related to the intracellular calcium concentration 6. The above results indicate that the maintenance of a low intracellular sodium concentration by the sodium pump is essential for the preservation of a high junctional conductance in cardiac fibres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018231"}
{"pmid": "1018220", "title": "Incidence of retinoblastoma in Malawi.", "content": "Incidence of retinoblastoma in Malawi. The annual incidence of retinoblastoma in Malawi seems to be two cases per 100,000 children under five or one case per 10,000 live births. A higher frequency of one case per 21,700 to 17,900 children under five or one per 4,340 to 3,580 live births has been found in the Zomba and Mangochi districts. Analyzing the cases according to sex and laterality, 61.1 percent of the unilateral cases were girls and 58.3 percent of the bilaterals were boys. Among boys, 33.3 percent were bilateral while unilateral involvement of the left eye was found in 19.1 percent. Among the girls, the frequency of bilateral cases was 18.5 percent while the unilateral involvement of right and left eye was nearly similar.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018220"}
{"pmid": "1018221", "title": "The diagnostic significance of worm tracks in cases of pseudoglioma retinae.", "content": "The diagnostic significance of worm tracks in cases of pseudoglioma retinae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018221"}
{"pmid": "1018233", "title": "A superfusion technique for isotope efflux studies and concurrent electrophysiological investigation in the rat cuneate nucleus [proceedings].", "content": "A superfusion technique for isotope efflux studies and concurrent electrophysiological investigation in the rat cuneate nucleus [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018233"}
{"pmid": "1018234", "title": "A simple, inexpensive mechano transducer system using frequence modulation [proceedings].", "content": "A simple, inexpensive mechano transducer system using frequence modulation [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018234"}
{"pmid": "1018219", "title": "Tapeto-retinal degeneration and familial juvenile nephronophthisis (FJN).", "content": "Tapeto-retinal degeneration and familial juvenile nephronophthisis (FJN).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018219"}
{"pmid": "1018235", "title": "A simple and effective ruminal cannulation technique for sheep [proceedings].", "content": "A simple and effective ruminal cannulation technique for sheep [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018235"}
{"pmid": "1018232", "title": "The force generated by a visceral smooth muscle.", "content": "The force generated by a visceral smooth muscle. 1. Strips of taenia coli from the caecum of the guinea-pig were mounted in an organ bath at 37 degrees C; isometric contractions were elicited with 10(5)M carbachol. Each taenia was stretched to the length at which it produced the maximum active tension; it was then fixed and embedded for measurement of the transverse sectional area. 2. The maximal force produced ranged between 96-1 and 138-3 mN. This corresponded to a force of between 251 and 513 mN.mm(2) (mean: 416 +/-28 [n = 10]). Temperature changes in the range 23-38 degrees C had little effect on the maximal force output.3. When allowance is made for the extracellular space (about 32% of the transverse sectional area), for the non-muscular cells present in the taenia (about 5%), and for the non-contractile material present in the muscle cells (about 10%), the maximal force generated was about 734 mN.mm(2) of contractile material (or almost twice as large as in skeletal muscle).4. Electron microscopy revealed terminal apparatuses at the ends of muscle cells, anchoring the cells to the connective tissue, and cell-to-cell junctions (attachment plaques). In addition, many dense patches of dense bands, sites near the cell surface where filaments are seen to end, were scattered along the entire length of the muscle cell and lay close to bundles of collagen fibrils. 5. It is suggested that the production of such a large force by this smooth muscle is partly explained by the lateral attachment of some contractile units to sites along the entire cell length, which in their turn are anchored to the collagen network; the latter may be considered a sort of intramuscular tendon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018232"}
{"pmid": "1018222", "title": "Arachnoiditis and VECP change.", "content": "Arachnoiditis and VECP change. A five-year-old boy presented with tuberculous meningitis and subsequently developed amaurosis with optochiasmatic arachnoiditis (OCA) late in the convalescent stage of the illness. The visual evoked cortical potentials were correlated with the decreased and improved postoperative acuity. The diagnosis and classification of OCA have been discussed with emphasis given to prompt neurosurgical treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018222"}
{"pmid": "1018237", "title": "Spatial properties of horizontal cell responses in the turtle retina.", "content": "Spatial properties of horizontal cell responses in the turtle retina. 1. Intracellular recordings were made from horizontal cells in the retina of the turtle Pseudemys scripta elegans. Spatial properties of the responses were determined using brief flashes of monochromatic light. 2. For a light stimulus in the form of a long narrow slit the peak response decayed approximately exponentially with displacement from the centred position. 3. With variation in the area of a centred circular patch, the peak response increased in a graded manner with stimulus area but was not proportional to area. 4. The model of electrical coupling in the horizontal cell layer proposed by Naka & Rushton (1976) was applied to the results. For the case of dim illumination a simplification is applicable, and the voltage distribution for circular and slit-shaped patches of light can be expressed in terms of two unknowns: the voltage resulting from diffuse illumination and a characteristic 'length constant'. 5. The measured variation of response amplitude was well described by the theory. Measured length constants were distributed from less than 100 mum to greater than 1 mm, and in a given cell the values determined by the slit displacement method and the area variation method were in reasonable agreement. 6. It is concluded that with dim illumination the model provides an accurate description of the voltage spread in the cells. Deviations were found to occur at higher intensities and possible reasons are discussed. 7. The implications of the model on the measurement of resistance changes during illunination are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018237"}
{"pmid": "1018225", "title": "\"Tissue-drag\" with polyglycolic acid (Dexon) and polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) sutures in strabismus surgery.", "content": "\"Tissue-drag\" with polyglycolic acid (Dexon) and polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) sutures in strabismus surgery. The new absorbable synthetic sutures, polyglycolic and (Dexon) and Polyglactin 910 (Vicryl), are excellent sutures for strabismus surgery, but they have a bothersome tendency to attract adjacent tissue (tissue-drag). This difficulty is found especially with the 5-0 size suture, less so with the 6-0 size suture, and minimally with the 7-0 size suture. The presence and number of short, stubbly, protuberant strands (hooklets) seen on the surface of these sutures under high magnification correlates with the lack of ease with which the sutures pass through tissue. Other factors involved in tissue-drag include the crevices between braids in these sutures and the fiber-tissue friction due to the innate nature of the suture materials. Sutures which pass with ease through tissue, such as catgut and nonabsorbable sutures, are seen to have smooth surfaces under high magnification. Coating the 5-0 and 6-0 Dexon and Vicryl sutures to smooth their surfaces and reduce tissue-drag was ineffective with isotonic saline solution, minimally to moderately effective with glycerine and with methylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol solutions, but highly effective with peanut and sesame oils. Though tissue-passage of Dexon and Vicryl sutures was much improved by coating with oil and entirely satisfactory, it still was not quite as good as with catgut. Clinically, the oil did not compromise the knot security or ease of handling of the sutures. No unusual postoperative reaction was seen with the use of the oiled sutures. Although oiling the synthetic absorbable sutures at time of surgery is effective, we recommend that suture manufacturers reduce the tissue-drag of synthetic absorbable sutures either by smoothing the surface in the manufacturing process or by developing an absorbable coating applied to the sutures during manufacture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018225"}
{"pmid": "1018236", "title": "On the acid-induced abolition of reticulo-ruminal motility in sheep [proceedings].", "content": "On the acid-induced abolition of reticulo-ruminal motility in sheep [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018236"}
{"pmid": "1018224", "title": "Anomalies of the retinal veins and their incidence.", "content": "Anomalies of the retinal veins and their incidence. Nonaneurysmal anomalies of the retinal veins were studied in 1,400 consecutive locally and systemically healthy individuals whose ages ranged from eight to 66 years. The anomalies included veno-venous crossing, triconfluence, congenital dilatation, prepapillary loop, anomalous macular veins, and retinociliary vein. Excluding the last three, these anomalies are not at all rare. Hypotheses to explain the development of veno-venous crossings and the bifurcation of retinal veins are also presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018224"}
{"pmid": "1018239", "title": "Collagenolytic activity in peritoneal eosinophils from rats [proceedings].", "content": "Collagenolytic activity in peritoneal eosinophils from rats [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018239"}
{"pmid": "1018238", "title": "Conjugated and unconjugated pentazocine in the human foeto maternal system and neonate [proceedings].", "content": "Conjugated and unconjugated pentazocine in the human foeto maternal system and neonate [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018238"}
{"pmid": "1018240", "title": "The excitatory junction potential in tracheal smooth muscle [proceedings].", "content": "The excitatory junction potential in tracheal smooth muscle [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018240"}
{"pmid": "1018241", "title": "Synaptic properties of identified neurones in the cerebral ganglion of Aplysia [proceedings].", "content": "Synaptic properties of identified neurones in the cerebral ganglion of Aplysia [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018241"}
{"pmid": "1018242", "title": "The action of noradrenaline on the smooth muscle of the guinea-pig ureter [proceeding].", "content": "The action of noradrenaline on the smooth muscle of the guinea-pig ureter [proceeding].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018242"}
{"pmid": "1018243", "title": "Some factors influencing the vulnerability to an induced ventricular arrhythmia in the isolated rat heart [proceedings].", "content": "Some factors influencing the vulnerability to an induced ventricular arrhythmia in the isolated rat heart [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018243"}
{"pmid": "1018244", "title": "Some observations on abnormal pace-maker activity in endocardial Purkinje fibres surviving myocardial infarction [proceeding].", "content": "Some observations on abnormal pace-maker activity in endocardial Purkinje fibres surviving myocardial infarction [proceeding].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018244"}
{"pmid": "1018245", "title": "Effects of modifications of the extracellular potassium concentration on excitation-contraction coupling in frog atrial fibres [proceedings].", "content": "Effects of modifications of the extracellular potassium concentration on excitation-contraction coupling in frog atrial fibres [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018245"}
{"pmid": "1018223", "title": "Congenital upper eyelid retraction.", "content": "Congenital upper eyelid retraction. This report describes a six-year-old boy born with a unilateral upper eyelid retraction resulting in mild exposure keratopathy. The fissure on that side was 4 millimeters larger and lagophthalmos was present. At the time of levator recession surgery, the muscle was found to have a restriction at the medial and lateral horns preventing downward excursion. This condition has some of the features of congenital orbital fibrosis and is postulated to have been due to an intrauterine infection or inflammation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018223"}
{"pmid": "1018246", "title": "Delayed rectification in the skeletal muscle fibre of the crab [proceedings].", "content": "Delayed rectification in the skeletal muscle fibre of the crab [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018246"}
{"pmid": "1018247", "title": "Renal excretion of ammonium and of creatinine: relation to age and to body size in the male [proceedings].", "content": "Renal excretion of ammonium and of creatinine: relation to age and to body size in the male [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018247"}
{"pmid": "1018248", "title": "Scorpion venom-induced enzyme secretion in rat pancreatic slices [proceedings].", "content": "Scorpion venom-induced enzyme secretion in rat pancreatic slices [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018248"}
{"pmid": "1018249", "title": "The relation between intercellular coupling and electrical noise in turtle photoreceptors.", "content": "The relation between intercellular coupling and electrical noise in turtle photoreceptors. 1. Intracellular recordings from cones and rods in the retina of the turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans, revealed that in darkness the cell voltage fluctuated spontaneously about its mean level. The fluctuations were reduced during bright steady illmination of the cell often to a level close to that obtained with the electrode outside the cell where the noise did not change significantly during illumination. 2. The magnitude of the intrinsic dark noise (voltage variance in darkness minus voltage variance in strong light) varied widely from cell to cell. In the noisiest cones it was about 0-4 mV2 while in quiet cones it was often as low as 0-01 mV2. The noise appeared radom and could be fitted by a Gaussian probability density function. 3. The spread of voltage in the network of coupled photoreceptors was estimated by measuring the spatial profile of the response to a brief flash of constant intensity moved across the retina. For a light stimulus in the form of a long narrow slit, the peak flash response usually decayed exponentially with displacement from the centred position. 4. For maximum responses less than about 5 mV in cones, the length constant of exponential decay, lambda, varied from less than 10 mum to greater than 35 mum, and the values obtained in opposite directions were often unequal. Background illumination did not significantly change lambda. In cells with extremely narrow spatial profiles, an exponential fit to the decay could not be made reliably. 5. Occasionally the spatial profiles had definite secondary peaks. In the most pronounced examples in a red-sensitive cone and in a rod the maxima were separated by about 20 and 50 mum respectively; for each, one peak was approximately as sharp as the optical stimulator while the second was broader. 6. Cones with short length constants displayed high dark noise while cones with long length constants were relatively quiet. 7. Three models of electrical coupling between cells were investigated: one based on a distributed network, one on a discrete square grid arrangement, and one on a discrete hexagonal array. Each model predicts a strong dependence of both noise and input resistance on length constant, and for tightly coupled cells each predicts that voltage variance is proportional to lambda-2. 8. The measured relationship between voltage variance and lambda in a large sample of cones was well described by both discrete models when the average cell spacing was taken to be approximately 15 mum. 9...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018249"}
{"pmid": "1018250", "title": "Post-operative hypoxaemia and oxygen therapy [proceedings].", "content": "Post-operative hypoxaemia and oxygen therapy [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018250"}
{"pmid": "1018253", "title": "The effect of age and eye position on the normal ocular microtremor record [proceedings].", "content": "The effect of age and eye position on the normal ocular microtremor record [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018253"}
{"pmid": "1018251", "title": "Oxygen consumption related to ambient temperature in rats of diffrent thyroid status [proceedings].", "content": "Oxygen consumption related to ambient temperature in rats of diffrent thyroid status [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018251"}
{"pmid": "1018252", "title": "Development of thermal stability in the neonate rat [proceedings].", "content": "Development of thermal stability in the neonate rat [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018252"}
{"pmid": "1018255", "title": "Stretch reflexes in forearm muscles [proceedings].", "content": "Stretch reflexes in forearm muscles [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018255"}
{"pmid": "1018254", "title": "Enhancement of a phase of reduced firing in the response of spontaneously active cortical neurones to somatic stimulation [proceedings].", "content": "Enhancement of a phase of reduced firing in the response of spontaneously active cortical neurones to somatic stimulation [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018254"}
{"pmid": "1018257", "title": "Comparison of the carotid sinus and adjacent common carotid artery, and the effects of noradrenaline [proceedings].", "content": "Comparison of the carotid sinus and adjacent common carotid artery, and the effects of noradrenaline [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018257"}
{"pmid": "1018256", "title": "Influence of rate of pressure change upon human carotid baroreflex responses [proceedings].", "content": "Influence of rate of pressure change upon human carotid baroreflex responses [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018256"}
{"pmid": "1018258", "title": "Searching procedure in an ant (Cataglyphis bicolor Fab [proceedings].", "content": "Searching procedure in an ant (Cataglyphis bicolor Fab [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018258"}
{"pmid": "1018259", "title": "Changes in size and protein turnover of skeletal muscle after immobilization at different lengths [proceedings].", "content": "Changes in size and protein turnover of skeletal muscle after immobilization at different lengths [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018259"}
{"pmid": "1018260", "title": "Relationship between physical working capacity and body size and shape of male adolescents [proceedings].", "content": "Relationship between physical working capacity and body size and shape of male adolescents [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018260"}
{"pmid": "1018261", "title": "Cardiovascular responses to distenson of the pulmonary arteries in the anaesthetized dog [proceedings].", "content": "Cardiovascular responses to distenson of the pulmonary arteries in the anaesthetized dog [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018261"}
{"pmid": "1018262", "title": "Histamine and its metabolites in cat portal venous blood and intestine after duodenal instillation of histamine [proceedings].", "content": "Histamine and its metabolites in cat portal venous blood and intestine after duodenal instillation of histamine [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018262"}
{"pmid": "1018263", "title": "The sodium-dependent absorption of sugars across the coroid plexus of the sheep [proceedings].", "content": "The sodium-dependent absorption of sugars across the coroid plexus of the sheep [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018263"}
{"pmid": "1018264", "title": "An investigation of the permeability of the rabbit colon [proceedings].", "content": "An investigation of the permeability of the rabbit colon [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018264"}
{"pmid": "1018265", "title": "The effect of reversed jejunal segments on the myoelectrical activity of the small bowel [poceedings].", "content": "The effect of reversed jejunal segments on the myoelectrical activity of the small bowel [poceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018265"}
{"pmid": "1018266", "title": "Epithelial membrane potentials of the epididymis in rats [proceedings].", "content": "Epithelial membrane potentials of the epididymis in rats [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018266"}
{"pmid": "1018267", "title": "The effect of trypsin inhibitors on the in vitro acrosome reaction of guinea-pig spermatozoa [proceedings].", "content": "The effect of trypsin inhibitors on the in vitro acrosome reaction of guinea-pig spermatozoa [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018267"}
{"pmid": "1018268", "title": "The physiological changes in the vascular supply of the human palcenta - a scanning and transmission electron microscopy study [proceedings].", "content": "The physiological changes in the vascular supply of the human palcenta - a scanning and transmission electron microscopy study [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018268"}
{"pmid": "1018269", "title": "Chloride transport across sheep and guinea-pig amnion [proceedings].", "content": "Chloride transport across sheep and guinea-pig amnion [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018269"}
{"pmid": "1018270", "title": "Transient inward current underlying arrhythmogenic effects of cardiotonic steroids in Purkinje fibres.", "content": "Transient inward current underlying arrhythmogenic effects of cardiotonic steroids in Purkinje fibres. 1. Voltage-clamp experiments were carried out in calf Purkinje fibres to determine the basis of transient depolarizations (TDs) associated with digitalis-induced arrhythmias. 2. Under the influence of strophanthidin, depolarizing clamp pulses were followed by a transient inward current (TI) which was small or absent in untreated preparations. The TI also appeared in the wake of a train of action potentials. 8. The TI can help generate spontaneous depolarizations in preparations showing the low voltage oscillations which often occur with advanced digitalis toxicity. 8. The TI can help generate spontaneous depolarizations in preparations showing the 'low voltage oscillation' which often occur with advanced digitais toxicity. It was designated TI because its magnitude and timing were appropriate to account for the TD. 3. Longitudinal voltage non-uniformity during the TI was determined with two voltage-recording micro-electrodes. Although the non-uniformity was not severe, the TI wave form was observed when the voltage difference signal was used to measure membrane current density. 4. Over the diastolic range of potential, the strophanthidin-induced TI appeared superimposed upon the normal pace-maker mechanism, the decay of a potassium current, iK2. The TI could be dissociated from iK2, however, by means of its unusual kinetic properties. 5. TIs could also be recorded at holding potentials positive to -55 mV, i.e. outside the range where iK2 deactivation occurs. 6. The TI amplitude showed a slow and strongly sigmoid dependence on the duration of the preceding depolarizing pulse. Stronger depolarizing reduced the TI amplitude, while slowing and exaggerating the sigmoid time-dependence. 7. Two clamp pulses in close succession gave additive effects in evoking a subsequent TI. This finding and the sigmoid time-dependence fit with previous observations that TDs are most prominent following a series of closely spaced action potentials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018270"}
{"pmid": "1018271", "title": "On the analysis of nerve signals deduced from metacontrast experiments with human observers.", "content": "On the analysis of nerve signals deduced from metacontrast experiments with human observers. 1. This paper reviews Alpern, Rushton & Torii's (1970a-d) derivation of the size of the inhibitory nerve signal arising from after flashes in the metacontrast experiment. 2. Their geometric argument is recast in terms of simple functional equations. This form of argument clearly displays the role of their assumptions in obtaining their main conclusion: nerve signal is linear in intensity over a range of 3-4 log units. 3. Two disadvantages of their approach are discussed. First, it is noted that in the presence of the data the assumption they employ in their analysis is logically equivalent to their conclusion. 4. Secondly, accepting their claim that the nerve signal generated by the after flash is linear over a broad range of intensities, and that this inhibitory signal simply cancels the excitatory signal of the test flash, leads to the conslusion that over this same intensity range the excitatory nerve signal is a power function with an exponent of close to two. This is incompatible with the suggestion that photoreceptor signals have been measured.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018271"}
{"pmid": "1018272", "title": "Circadian and other rhythmic activity of neurones in the ventromedial nuclei and lateral hypothalamic area.", "content": "Circadian and other rhythmic activity of neurones in the ventromedial nuclei and lateral hypothalamic area. 1. The frequency of firing was simultaneously recorded from single neurones of the ventromedial nuclei (VMN) and the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) in urethane anaesthetized rats for many hours. 2. There were circadian changes of VMN and LHA neurone activity. The pattern of this circadian rhythm is as follows: throughout the day LHA neurones show higher activity than that of VMN, as indicated by higher frequency and more fluctuations in their rates of firing. In late afternoon the discharge rate of LHA neurones increases further, showing oscillations of short duration. In the early evening hours LHA neurone activity gradually goes down, as the VMN neurones become active. Throughout the night, VMN neurones are more active than those of LHA, just the opposite of the day period. In early morning hours VMN neurones gradually become quiet, while LHA neurones begin to show activity. 3. Superimposed on the circadian rhythm, at certain periods of the day, VMN and LHA neurones showed short duration oscillations in rate of firing, roughly every 7-15 sec and every 3-5 min. 4. Activities in neurones of the VMN and LHA were reciprocally related; a decrease in firing rate of one was associated with an increase in the other. This phenomenon was shown clearly by analysis of auto- and cross-correlation functions of firing patterns of VMN and LHA neurones. 5. The effects of stimulations of the prefrontal cortex and splanchnic afferents on VMN and LHA neurones depended on the basic firing frequency, thus they varied with the time of day. Definite relationships exist between basic firing frequency of a cell and the magnitude of changes evoked by these stimuli. Reactions of VMN and LHA neurones were the opposite in most instances. Septal stimulations (at more than 10/sec) always produced inhibition of LHA neurone activity. 6. Intravenous injection of glucose inhibited LHA neurones and accelerated firing of VMN cells. This was true during the day period as well as at night when background activities of VMN and LHA neurones were different from that of the day. 7. Stimulation of the septal area with subthreshold pulses at a low rate (1-0.3/sec) suppressed or altered oscillations in firing frequency of LHA neurones. Severance of connection between LHA and structures caudal thereto had no effect on LHA neurone firing rates or rhythms. Sections between the septal area and LHA, however, abolished or greatly altered the oscillatory rhythms of LHA cell activity, although spontaneous discharges continued at a somewhat lower rate for periods of hours. 8. Stimulation of suprachiasmatic nuclei with weak intensity and low frequency also changed oscillatory fluctuations in firing of LHA neurones. 9. Possible origins of circadian rhythm and oscillations of short duration in firing pattern of VMN and LHA neurones were discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018272"}
{"pmid": "1018273", "title": "Short-term synchronization of intercostal motoneurone activity.", "content": "Short-term synchronization of intercostal motoneurone activity. 1. The hypothesis is advanced that the joint occurrence of unitary excitatory post-synaptic potentials e.p.s.p.s) evoked in motoneurones by branches of common stem pre-synaptic fibres causes short-term synchronization of their discharge during the rising phases of the unitary e.p.s.p.s. 2. This hypothesis was tested using the pre- and post-stimulus time (PPST) histogram to detect synchronized firing among groups of intercostal motoneurones discharging in response to their natural synaptic drives. 3. Motor nerve action potentials were recorded monophasically from nerve filaments of the external intercostal muscles of anaesthetized, paralysed cats maintained on artificial ventilation. 4. Computer methods were used to measure peak spike amplitude, spike amplitude, spike interval and filament identification for simultaneous recordings from four filaments. The spike amplitude histograms were derived for each filament and groups of spikes were selected for analysis. 5. With spikes of one group designated as 'stimuli' (occurring at zero time) and those of a second as 'response' the PPST histogram was computed with different time bin widths. 6. With bin widths of 100 and 10 msec the central respiratory periodicity was apparent in the PPST histogram. With 1.0 msec bins the PPST histogram showed a narrow central peak extending to +/- 3.0 msec at its base. This 'short-term synchronization' supports the hypothesis of joint firing due to common presynaptic connectivity. 7. It was shown that detection of short-term synchronization was critically dependent on a sufficient quantity of data but that provided a simple criterion of adequate counts per bin in the PPST histogram was met, short-term synchronization could be detected between intercostal motoneurones of the same and adjacent segments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018273"}
{"pmid": "1018274", "title": "Action potentials in the rat chromaffin cell and effects of acetylcholine.", "content": "Action potentials in the rat chromaffin cell and effects of acetylcholine. 1. Electrophysiological properties of the rat chromaffin cell were studied using intracellular recording techniques. 2. The resting potential in the chromaffin cell was -49 +/- 6 mV (mean +/- S.D., n = 14) in standard saline containing 10 mM-Ca whereas that in Na-free saline was -63 +/- 9 mV (n = 17). At rest, the membrane has a substantial Na permeability. 3. Action potentials were evoked by passing current through the recording electrode. In standard saline the major fraction of the action potential disappeared either upon omission of external Na ions from standard saline or addition of 1 muM tetrodotoxin (TTX). We conclude that action potentials in the chromaffin cell are due mainly to an increase in the permeability of the membrane to Na ions. 4. Small but significant regenerative action potentials were observed in Na-free saline, and when Ca in Na-free saline was replaced by Ba, prolonged action potentials occurred. We conclude that action potentials in the chromaffin cell also have a Ca component. 5. Iontophoretic application of acetylcholine (ACh) produced a transient membrane depolarization in standard saline. 6. Spontaneous action potentials were recorded extracellularly by microsuction electrodes. They occurred at a rate of 0-05-0-1/sec in almost all cells. 7. When the perfusion fluid contained 3 x 10(-7) M to 10(-4) M ACh the spike frequency increased up to about 2/sec. This stimulatory effect of ACh was blocked by 10(-7) M atropine but not by 10(-3) M hexamethonium nor by 10(-5) M-d-tubocurarine. 8. The importance of Ca entry during action potentials for catecholamine secretion is discussed", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018274"}
{"pmid": "1018275", "title": "Behaviour and aeration of the respiratory system in the domestic fowl embryo.", "content": "Behaviour and aeration of the respiratory system in the domestic fowl embryo. 1. The monitoring of developmental stage and under-water dissection were used to examine the initial aeration of the respiratory system in domestic fowl embryos. 2. A virtually complete absence of free air within the chorioallantois was found before the beak had begun to make 'beak-clapping' movements, even when the membranes were already draped over its tip. 3. During the 'beak-clapping' stage, but before the membranes were pierced and before respiratory movements had begun, many embryos were found to contain free bubbles of air within the trachea and air sacs. 4. All embryos in which the respiratory system was aerated were found also to have froth in the crop or other parts of the digestive system. 5. Air was found in both the respiratory and digestive systems of all embryos examined after membrane penetration by the beak. 6. When air was injected into the chorioallantois before the stage of initial aeration it was recovered 5 min later from both the respiratory and digestive systems in under-water dissections. 7. It is suggested that lung ventilation takes place in the avian embryo in three distinct stages: the major air-ways become aerated, then respiratory movements begin and lastly the tertiary bronchi are slowly aerated. It is suggested also that movements involved in the imbibing of fluids play a part in aeration before the membranes are pierced.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018275"}
{"pmid": "1018276", "title": "Physiological properties and receptive fields of mechanosensory neurones in the head ganglion of the leech: comparison with homologous cells in segmental ganglia.", "content": "Physiological properties and receptive fields of mechanosensory neurones in the head ganglion of the leech: comparison with homologous cells in segmental ganglia. A study of the head ganglion of the leech was made to compare the properties of specific sensory cells in this ganglion with those of homologous neurones in the segmental ganglia. 1. In the head ganglion, cells were identified that had electrical properties, sensory modalities and adaptation properties similar to those of touch (T), pressure (P) and nociceptive (N) cells in the segmental ganglia. The cell bodies of these neurones were situated in characteristics positions that could be correlated with those in the segmental ganglia. Several lines of evidence suggested that they were primary sensory neurones. Fewer T, P and N neurones were identified in the head ganglion than would be expected from its six constituent segmental ganglia. 2. The receptive fields of identified T, P and N cells were situated on the external surface of the head and the interior of the mouth with considerable overlap. They were generally smaller in size than those situated on the main part of the body. The receptive fields were also displaced anteriorly so that some of them were situated in segments anterior to those of the innervating cells. 3. The morphology of the sensory cells in the head ganglion was studied by intracellular injection of horseradish perioxidase. The general branching characteristics of the cells and the structural appearance of their processes resembled those of homologous cells in the segmental ganglia. However, the routes taken to the periphery by some of the cells were not constant from head ganglion to head ganglion. This variability was confirmed by electrophysiological evidence, and differed from the constancy seen in segmental sensory cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018276"}
{"pmid": "1018277", "title": "Receptive fields, geometry and conduction block of sensory neurones in the central nervous system of the leech.", "content": "Receptive fields, geometry and conduction block of sensory neurones in the central nervous system of the leech. 1. In segmental ganglia of the leech, the cutaneous mechanosensory neurones responding to to touch innervated the skin of their own segment and of part of the anterior and posterior adjacent segments. Each touch receptive field could be divided into three non-overlapping areas: a central part innervated by the branches of the cell which ran in the nerve roots of the ganglion containing the cell body, and anterior and posterior parts innervated by its branches which ran in the nerve roots of the anterior and posterior adjacent ganglia. 2. Impulses originating from the anterior and posterior parts of the receptive fields were susceptible to conduction block within the central nervous system when the touch cells fired repetitively at frequencies that could readily be elicited with weak mechanical stimulation. In contrast, impulses originating from the central part of the receptive fields were less susceptible to block. 3. The morphology of touch cells revealed by intracellular injection of horseradish peroxidase suggested that conduction block occurred at specific bifurcation points where small cell processes joined the main process. Different physiological experiments supported this conclusion. 4. In some touch cells, bifurcation points with particularly low safety margins of conduction operated as low-pass filters, limiting the frequency of impulses capable of invading certain branches. 5. The results suggest that mechanical stimuli which would likely be encountered by the animal can lead to conduction block within its central nervous system and as a result modify its integrative activities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018277"}
{"pmid": "1018278", "title": "The thermal sensitivity of the polymodal nociceptors in the monkey.", "content": "The thermal sensitivity of the polymodal nociceptors in the monkey. 1. The static and dynamic sensitivities to thermal and mechanical stimuli of polymodal nociceptors in hairy skin of the anaesthetized monkey have been investigated by recording activity in their primary nerve fibres. 2. Polymodal nociceptors responded to skin pricking, pinching and heating to temperatures higher than 40 degrees C. They did not respond to touch, stretch or cold. The conduction velocity of their axons was from 0.6 to 1.1 m/sec. 3. Three types of cutaneous receptive fields have been observed: single spot-like areas of 1-2 mm2; multiple spot-like areas of 1-2 mm2; and larger areas up to 25 mm2 with heterogeneous sensitivity. 4. Polymodal nociceptors were subjected to heat stimuli that commenced from a 33 or 37 degrees C adapting temperature. A series consisted of heating their receptive fields to 43, 45, 47 and 50 degrees C from one or the other adapting temperatures at a constant rate of 0.2 degrees C/sec. Each heat stimulus intensity was maintained for 4 min after which the skin was returned to the adapting temperature. Immediately after the first series the identical series was repeated in order to determine the effect of prior heating upon the dynamic responses to re-heating. The dynamic responses were characterized by three phases: an initiation of a discharge at a threshold level of skin temperature; a dynamic discharge during the suprathreshold change, that reached a peak frequency when the temperature reached its maximum; and an adaptation phase while the temperature remained at the high intensity. Adaptation was rapid initially, and then slowed during the final minutes at the high intensity. 5. Adapting the receptive field to either 33 degrees C or to 37 degrees C before the heat stimuli did not affect the sensitivity and the discharge pattern of the polymodal nocicpetors. 6. During the first series of stimulations, the threshold at which the individual polymodal nociceptors began to discharge to heat stimuli varied from 40 to 46.5 degrees C. The mean threshold of the population was 42.5 degrees C. 7. No change in the threshold was observed when responses to 0.2 and 1.5 degrees C/sec rates of heating were compared...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018278"}
{"pmid": "1018279", "title": "Predictors of pain during prepared childbirth.", "content": "Predictors of pain during prepared childbirth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018279"}
{"pmid": "1018280", "title": "Headache and personality.", "content": "Headache and personality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018280"}
{"pmid": "1018281", "title": "Heart rate and sleep latency in young men.", "content": "Heart rate and sleep latency in young men.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018281"}
{"pmid": "1018282", "title": "Microvibration and autonomic functions.", "content": "Microvibration and autonomic functions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018282"}
{"pmid": "1018283", "title": "Scaling the seriousness of illness: a methodological study.", "content": "Scaling the seriousness of illness: a methodological study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018283"}
{"pmid": "1018284", "title": "Body image--an apparatus for measuring disturbances in estimation of size and shape.", "content": "Body image--an apparatus for measuring disturbances in estimation of size and shape.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018284"}
{"pmid": "1018285", "title": "Nocturnal hormonal profiles in massive obesity, anorexia nervosa and normal females.", "content": "Nocturnal hormonal profiles in massive obesity, anorexia nervosa and normal females.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018285"}
{"pmid": "1018286", "title": "A possible relationship between anxiety in pregnancy and puerperal depression.", "content": "A possible relationship between anxiety in pregnancy and puerperal depression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018286"}
{"pmid": "1018291", "title": "Live mass gains and wool production of merino sheep: three treatment programmes for parasite control.", "content": "Live mass gains and wool production of merino sheep: three treatment programmes for parasite control. A trial is described comparing the live mass gains and wool production of three groups of Merino sheep treated either at four-weekly intervals, strategically or not at all for the control of helminths and Oestrus ovis during a 19 month period. The group treated at four-weekly intervals had the greatest gain in masass was not greater than that of the group treated strategically. At both shearings the four-weekly treated group produced more wool than did the strategically treated group. The latter group produced more wool in total than did the untreated group. The seasonal incidence of nematodes, cestodes and Oestrus ovis on the trial farm was determined by the slaughter of tracer lambs at regular intervals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018291"}
{"pmid": "1018292", "title": "Immunization against coccidiosis in fowls.", "content": "Immunization against coccidiosis in fowls. Immunity plays a major role in the control of coccidiosis. With the presently practised system of \"protected exposure\" under chemoprophylactic medication, problems are encountered because of seasonal variation in litter moisture and coccidial challenge. The alternative, \"controlled exposure\" or \"vaccination\" products a more solid immunity and more reliable results. This was found to be the method of choice in coccidiosis control in replacement pullets in the semi-arid subtropical climate of Rhodesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018292"}
{"pmid": "1018294", "title": "The comparative incidence of subclinical bacterial bovine mastitis in 17 herds when using two sets of diagnostic criteria.", "content": "The comparative incidence of subclinical bacterial bovine mastitis in 17 herds when using two sets of diagnostic criteria. On the single examination of 6804 quarter milk samples during a routine mastitis survey in 17 herds it was found that whereas 12,4% of quarters were diagnosed as subclinically mastitic when using the IDF standard set of diagnostic criteria, only 2,4% were positive when applying the additional criterium of a positive test for bovine serum albumin. The remaining 10% of quarters were then classified as being affected with septic inflammation of the ducts. The ratio of true subclinical septic mastitis to duct and test canal infections is recorded and the implications of the findings are briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018294"}
{"pmid": "1018293", "title": "Subclinical septic bovine mastitis: critical evaluation of intramammary immunoglobulin therapy.", "content": "Subclinical septic bovine mastitis: critical evaluation of intramammary immunoglobulin therapy. A series of 152 quarters affected with subclinical staphylococcal and streptococcal mastitis was treated at random by intramammary infusion with one of 4 formulations containing inert solvent, specially prepared immunoglobulin (Ig) and antibiotics (penicillin G and streptomycin) in various combinations. The effect of treatment was measured by assessing the conversion of mastitic quarters to a normal or mastitis-negative state over a post-treatment period of 28 days. Considering the solvent as a placebo, solvent plus Ig had no significantly better effect than solvent only; solvent plus antibiotics gave results that were highly significant after 14 days even though about a third of the strains of S. aureus were resistant in vitro to one or both of the antibiotics; solvent plus antibiotics and Ig gave results that were highly significant during the whole 4 weeks after treatment. The Ig solution appeared to be considerably more effective against staphylococcal than streptococcal mastitis, but the small numbers precluded statistical analyses. It was concluded that use of the particular batch of Ig alone had no value in the treatment of the common forms of subclinical bacterial mastitis but that in combination with antibiotics the Ig had a somewhat better effect than was obtained with antibiotics alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018293"}
{"pmid": "1018287", "title": "Creative dramatics: an outlet for mental handicaps.", "content": "Creative dramatics: an outlet for mental handicaps.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018287"}
{"pmid": "1018295", "title": "Canine systemic lupus erythematosus. The disease, clinical manifestations and treatment.", "content": "Canine systemic lupus erythematosus. The disease, clinical manifestations and treatment. The similarities between human and canine systemic lupus erythematosus are enumerated, using the incidence of symptoms reported for man as a guide to the possible incidence of clinical signs in the dog. Differences between the human and canine diseases are listed. Four clinical cases of the disease are reported. Diagnostic procedures were confined to the observation of clinical signs and serological and haematological methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018295"}
{"pmid": "1018296", "title": "The blood grouping systems of dogs.", "content": "The blood grouping systems of dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018296"}
{"pmid": "1018297", "title": "The determination of plasma bicarbonate levels as an aid in the treatment of canine biliary fever.", "content": "The determination of plasma bicarbonate levels as an aid in the treatment of canine biliary fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018297"}
{"pmid": "1018298", "title": "Canine tetanus.", "content": "Canine tetanus. A report of tetanus in a dog is presented. The symptoms were typical and the dog was successfully treated. The differential diagnoses and the therapy of tetanus are discussed with emphasis on the dose of antitoxin required.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018298"}
{"pmid": "1018289", "title": "Violence to the spirit of independence.", "content": "Violence to the spirit of independence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018289"}
{"pmid": "1018300", "title": "A search for linkage in cystic fibrosis.", "content": "A search for linkage in cystic fibrosis. Linkage between the locus for cystic fibrosis and other genetic markers was explored in 40 families from Birmingham and 20 from Manchester. No strong evidence was found for linkage with any of the markers examined. There was evidence against close linkage with ABO, HLA, and Rh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018300"}
{"pmid": "1018301", "title": "A family study of coarctation of the aorta.", "content": "A family study of coarctation of the aorta. Families of 100 patients with coarctation of the aorta and 50 controls for age, sex, and social status were studied to assess the influence of genetic and environmental variables in the aetiology. A tendency to familial aggregation of the condition and other congenital heart defects compatible with multifactorial inheritance was discerned. Recurrence risk for sibs is approximately 1 in 200 for coarctation of the aorta, and 1% for any form of congenital heart defect. The heritability of coarctation is estimated at 58%. The tendency for other non-cardiac defects to occur in the patients with coarctation does not appear in their sibs and is not so pronounced as in some other congenital heart conditions. Of the several environmental variables examined, there was no definitive association with any other than season of birth, which implies a possible association with maternal infection; there is also a suggestion of a paternal age effect, but these require investigation in a prospective survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018301"}
{"pmid": "1018302", "title": "Infantile cystinosis in France: genetics, incidence, geographic distribution.", "content": "Infantile cystinosis in France: genetics, incidence, geographic distribution. A national distribution of 66 French patients, from 49 sibships, has been studied. Segregation analysis, using the maximum likelihood method, was found to agree with the theoretical values expected in recessive autosomal inheritance. The birthplaces of these patients show an unequal geographic distribution of cystinosis, the incidence being higher in Western France. Compared with the total number of live births during the period 1959 to 1972, the minimum incidence of the condition in the province of Brittany is 1 per 25 909, and the gene frequency 0.0062. In the rest of France, the minimum incidence is 1 per 326,440 and the gene frequency 0.0018. Application of Dahlberg's formula gives a similar result. The mean inbreeding coefficient is 530 X 10(-5), a figure 23 times higher than the mean coefficient of France. An indirect test of inbreeding, the distance between parental birthplaces, was studied, first using the French administrative boundaries, second by using kilometers. This distance was constantly smaller for the parents of patients than for the parents of controls. Analysis of two erythrocyte polymorphisms (ABO and Rh) showed a large excess of group A patients when compared with overall French data. These findings are difficult to interpret on genetic grounds. The genetic reasons for the unequal geographic distribution of cystinosis in France are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018302"}
{"pmid": "1018303", "title": "Pyloric stenosis in the Oxford Record Linkage Study area.", "content": "Pyloric stenosis in the Oxford Record Linkage Study area. The files of the Oxford Record Linkage Study were employed to identify 220 infants presenting with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) in the 6-year period 1966 to 1971. Information on these infants was obtained from birth certificates and maternity notes. The overall incidence was 2.5 per 1000 livebirths. There was a distinct seasonal variation, with highest incidence to infants born in the third quarter of the year as well as variation in incidence with area: the cities had much lower rates of IHPS than the adjacent rural or small urban areas. It was shown that the rates in the south and east of the area studied were far greater than in the north and west. In the present study there was no excess of primiparae, the peak maternal age group was 20 to 24; there was a slight excess of parents of social classes I and II; and a significant association with mothers who were Rhesus negative. The rate of IHPS among sibs was 85 per 1000. Though there was the usual correlation with the male sex (M:F ratio = 5.5:1), there was no variation with birthweight and only among the females was an association found with prolonged gestation. There appeared to be an inverse relation between gestation and age on admission to hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018303"}
{"pmid": "1018290", "title": "Finger replant patient undergoing rehabilitation.", "content": "Finger replant patient undergoing rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018290"}
{"pmid": "1018304", "title": "Lowe's syndrome: identification of carriers by lens examination.", "content": "Lowe's syndrome: identification of carriers by lens examination. Lens examinations were performed on 7 obligate and 7 possible carriers of the X-linked gene for Lowe's syndrome, and on 117 controls. By quantitatively grading punctate cortical opacities, it was possible to discriminate between the obligate carriers and the controls with a fair degree of confidence. In the age group most important for genetic counselling, that of child bearing, the data are too limited for the derivation of precise estimates, but may, nevertheless, be useful. More such data are needed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018304"}
{"pmid": "1018288", "title": "Avocational evaluation and work adjustment: a deterrent to dependency.", "content": "Avocational evaluation and work adjustment: a deterrent to dependency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018288"}
{"pmid": "1018305", "title": "Congenital scalp defects with distal limb anomalies: report of a family.", "content": "Congenital scalp defects with distal limb anomalies: report of a family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018305"}
{"pmid": "1018306", "title": "Hereditary index finger polydactyly: phenotypic, radiological, dermatoglyphic, and genetic findings in a large family.", "content": "Hereditary index finger polydactyly: phenotypic, radiological, dermatoglyphic, and genetic findings in a large family. Index finger polydactyly in a Turkish family is reported. The transmission of the malformation fits the pattern of regular autosomal dominant inheritance. Some of the affected individuals had one or two phalanges on their first digits, but all had triphalangeal second fingers. Subjects with polydactyly had very interesting dermatoglyphs, such as an extra a triradius under the super-numerary index finger, the proximal radiant of this triradius (an extra A-line) ending on the radial border of the hand, and arch tibials in the hallucal areas. The carpal bones, beginning with os multangulum majus, or alternatively with the extra one were articulated with two metacarpals. A similar finding was found in the feet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018306"}
{"pmid": "1018307", "title": "Haemoglobin E Saskatoon beta 22 Glu replaced by Lys in the Shetland Islands.", "content": "Haemoglobin E Saskatoon beta 22 Glu replaced by Lys in the Shetland Islands. A survey of blood samples from the inhabitants of the Shetland Islands has revealed the presence of a variant haemoglobin in 1 individual out of the 345 tested. The rariant haemoglobin accounted for 46% of the total haemoglobin. Tryptic digestion and amino acid analysis indicated that the variant haemoglobin was caused by the substitution of a glutamic acid residue at position 22 in the beta chain by a lysine residue. This is the same amino acid substituion as found in haemoglobin E Saskatoon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018307"}
{"pmid": "1018308", "title": "Dicentric X isochromosomes in man.", "content": "Dicentric X isochromosomes in man. Four cases of Turner's syndrome are presented in which an apparent X isochromosome i(Xq) has been found to possess two regions of centromeric heterochromatin. It is suggested that these chromosomes were isodicentric structures capable of functioning as monocentric elements as a result of the inactivation of one centromere. The prevalence of mosaicism is believed to be a consequence of the dicentric nature of these chromosomes, and it is considered possible that a high proportion of X isochromosmes are structurally dicentric. Banding patterns showed that the exchange site involved in the formation of the dicentric chromosome was different in at least three of the cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018308"}
{"pmid": "1018309", "title": "Severe mental retardation in a boy with partial trisomy 10q and partial monosomy 2q.", "content": "Severe mental retardation in a boy with partial trisomy 10q and partial monosomy 2q. A severely mentally subnormal child with many physical stigmata was shown to have the karyotype 46,XY,-2,+der(2),t(2;10)(q31;q24)pat. Full evaluation of this patient's karyotype depended on the family studies. It was shown that a balanced translocation t(2,10) was present in 4 normal males in 3 generations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018309"}
{"pmid": "1018310", "title": "Atypical serum cholinesterase in a family with congenital distichiasis.", "content": "Atypical serum cholinesterase in a family with congenital distichiasis. This paper describes the coexistence of genetically determined reduced cholinesterase activity and congenital distichiasis in the same family. The pedigree suggests that these two autosomal dominant diseases are segregated independently and do not show evidence of linkage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018310"}
{"pmid": "1018311", "title": "Triple X female and Turner's syndrome offspring.", "content": "Triple X female and Turner's syndrome offspring. A mentally retarded young female having 47 chromosomes with a triple X karotype produced a child with Turner's syndrome associated with mental defeciency. To our knowledge this is the first example of a triple X female giving birth to a child with Turner's syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018311"}
{"pmid": "1018312", "title": "Renal function studies in an infant with 4p (-) syndrome.", "content": "Renal function studies in an infant with 4p (-) syndrome. An infant with the syndrome of deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4 is described. In addition, this child had renal insufficiency, which is found rarely in association with the 4p(--) syndrome. Previous reports of this syndrome have described only isolated gross structural abnormalites of the urinary tract. In the case discussed here, we present clinical and functional data which indicate that this patient had bilateral renal dysplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018312"}
{"pmid": "1018313", "title": "A case of partial trisomy 3q.", "content": "A case of partial trisomy 3q.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018313"}
{"pmid": "1018314", "title": "A case of ring chromosome.", "content": "A case of ring chromosome. A girl with a G22 ring chromosome is described. There are few physical abnormalities, performance quotient is in the low normal range but verbal skills are much retarded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018314"}
{"pmid": "1018315", "title": "Familial Ebstein's anomaly.", "content": "Familial Ebstein's anomaly. A family is described in which both a father and son are affected with Ebstein's anomaly, while several other family members manifest different cardiac malformations. Five additional instances of familial Ebstein's anomaly were found in the literature and compared with our family. Inspection of possible modes of inheritance in this group of families suggests that Ebstein's anomaly is probably inherited as a polygenic character with a threshold phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018315"}
{"pmid": "1018316", "title": "Partial trisomy D: a diagnostic and cytogenetic dilemma.", "content": "Partial trisomy D: a diagnostic and cytogenetic dilemma. An 18-month-old proposita with psychomotor retardation and other congenital abnormalities is presented. Chromosomal analysis of both parents proved normal. However, the karyotype of the proposita contained 47 chromosomes in both lymphocytes and cultured fibroblasts. The marker chromosome proved to be a deleted No. 14 or 15. Comparison of the reported cases of partial trisomy D indicates that a definitive clinical syndrome is not apparent in either case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018316"}
{"pmid": "1018317", "title": "Larsen syndrome in two generations of an Italian family.", "content": "Larsen syndrome in two generations of an Italian family. This paper describes a familial case of Larsen syndrome. Typical anomalies were present in the propositus and 2 of his 6 daughters. In addition, all patients had progressive deafness and the 2 daughters had cleft palate. The certain exclusion of any consanguinity between the couple, suggests, in this instance, the dominant mode of transmission of the syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018317"}
{"pmid": "1018318", "title": "Self-assembly of bovine epidermal keratin filaments in vitro.", "content": "Self-assembly of bovine epidermal keratin filaments in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018318"}
{"pmid": "1018319", "title": "RNA synthesis in plant leaf tissue: the characterization of messenger RNA species lacking and containing polyadenylic acid.", "content": "RNA synthesis in plant leaf tissue: the characterization of messenger RNA species lacking and containing polyadenylic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018319"}
{"pmid": "1018320", "title": "Units of functional stability in bacteriophage messenger RNA.", "content": "Units of functional stability in bacteriophage messenger RNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018320"}
{"pmid": "1018321", "title": "Fluctuational opening of the double helix as revealed by theoretical and experimental study of DNA interaction with formaldehyde.", "content": "Fluctuational opening of the double helix as revealed by theoretical and experimental study of DNA interaction with formaldehyde.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018321"}
{"pmid": "1018322", "title": "Molecular packing of collagen: three-dimensional analysis of electrostatic interactions.", "content": "Molecular packing of collagen: three-dimensional analysis of electrostatic interactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018322"}
{"pmid": "1018323", "title": "Transcription of bacteriophage phi-X174 in vitro: selective initiation with oligonucleotides.", "content": "Transcription of bacteriophage phi-X174 in vitro: selective initiation with oligonucleotides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018323"}
{"pmid": "1018324", "title": "Transcription of bacteriophage phiX174 in vitro: analysis with restriction enzymes.", "content": "Transcription of bacteriophage phiX174 in vitro: analysis with restriction enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018324"}
{"pmid": "1018325", "title": "A tobacco mosaic virus mutant with non-functional coat protein and its revertant: relationship to the virus assembly process.", "content": "A tobacco mosaic virus mutant with non-functional coat protein and its revertant: relationship to the virus assembly process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018325"}
{"pmid": "1018326", "title": "Effects of isoproterenol on myocardial lipid metabolism in rat hearts perfused with and without exogenous substrates.", "content": "Effects of isoproterenol on myocardial lipid metabolism in rat hearts perfused with and without exogenous substrates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018326"}
{"pmid": "1018327", "title": "Biochemical and contractile properties of heart muscle after prolonged alcohol administration.", "content": "Biochemical and contractile properties of heart muscle after prolonged alcohol administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018327"}
{"pmid": "1018328", "title": "Changes in high-energy phosphate compounds of isolated rat hearts during Ca2+-free perfusion and reperfusion with Ca2+.", "content": "Changes in high-energy phosphate compounds of isolated rat hearts during Ca2+-free perfusion and reperfusion with Ca2+.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018328"}
{"pmid": "1018329", "title": "Evolutionary divergence and length of repetitive sequences in sea urchin DNA.", "content": "Evolutionary divergence and length of repetitive sequences in sea urchin DNA. The organization of repetitive and single copy DNA sequences in sea urchin DNA has been examined with the single strand specific nuclease S1 from Aspergillus. Conditions and levels of enzyme were established so that single strand DNA was effectively digested while reassociated divergent repetitive duplexes remained enzyme resistant. About 25% of sea urchin DNA reassociates with repetitive kinetics to form S1 resistant duplexes of two distinct size classes derived from long and short repetitive sequences in the sea urchin genome. Fragments 2,000 nucleotides long were reassociated to Cot 20 and subjected to controlled digestion with S1 nuclease. About half of the resistant duplexes (13% of the DNA) are short, with a mode size of about 300 nucleotide pairs. This class exhibits significant sequence divergence, and principally consists of repetitive sequences which were interspersed with single copy sequences. About one-third of the long duplexes (4% of the DNA) are reduced in size after extensive S1 nuclease digestion to about 300 nucleotide pairs. About two-thirds of the long resistant duplexes (8% of the DNA) remains long after extensive SI nuclease digestion. These long reassociated duplexes are precisely base paired. The short duplexes are imprecisely paired with a melting temperature about 9 degrees C below that of precisely paired duplexes of the same length. The relationship between length of repetitive duplex and precision of repetition is confirmed by an independent method and has been observed in the DNA of a number of species over a wide phylogenetic area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018329"}
{"pmid": "1018330", "title": "Hemoglobin Vancouver [alpha2beta2(73)(E17) Asp replaced by Tyr]: its structure and function.", "content": "Hemoglobin Vancouver [alpha2beta2(73)(E17) Asp replaced by Tyr]: its structure and function. Hemoglobin Vancouver is a new abnormal hemoglobin with an amino acid substitution of the normal aspartyl residue 73 of the beta chain by a tyrosyl residue. It was discovered in a man of Chinese descent in association with beta thalassemia. It was subsequently detected in a sister in association with normal Hb A. The oxygen affinity of the abnormal hemoglobin is decreased but its subunit interaction is normal. The Bohr effect may be slightly increased. This is the fourth abnormal hemoglobin to be found with a substitution at beta73. The others are Hb C-Harlem (alpha2beta2 6Glu replaced by Val and 73 Asp replaced by Asn), Hb Korle-Bu (alpha2beta2 73Asp replaced by Asn), and Hb Mobile (alpha2beta2 73Asp replaced by Val). Although Hb Mobile was found in the present studies to have a decreased affinity for oxygen, Hbs C-Harlem and Korle-Bu have been reported to be normal. These observations of functional differences for variants of beta73 added to earlier observations of the role of the normal beta73 residue to the aggregation of sickle deoxyhemoglobin indicate that this position of the molecule may be important in intra as well as intermolecular interactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018330"}
{"pmid": "1018331", "title": "Congruency of phylogenies derived from different proteins. A molecular analysis of the phylogenetic position of cracid birds.", "content": "Congruency of phylogenies derived from different proteins. A molecular analysis of the phylogenetic position of cracid birds. This communication examines the question of phylogenetic congruency--i.e., whether or not the branching order of evolutionary trees is independent of the protein studied. It was found that trees constructed for birds on the basis of immunological comparison of their transferrins, albumins, and ovalbumins agree approximately with a published tree based on the amino acid sequences of their lysozymes c. This congruency is especially noteworthy with respect to the phylogenetic position of the chachalaca, a Mexican bird classified on morphological grounds in the family Cracidae of the order Galliformes. At the protein level, this species differs as much from non-cracid galliform birds as does the duck, which belongs to another order. Despite the organismal similarity between cracid and non-cracid galliform birds, the molecular relationship is remote. If this contrast between organismal and molecular results had been based on comparative studies with only lysozyme, one could have ascribed the contrast to the possibility that chachalaca lysozyme was paralogous, rather than orthologous, to the other bird lysozymes c. Examination of several proteins is thus desirable in cases of possible paralogy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018331"}
{"pmid": "1018334", "title": "The effects of atropine on atrio-ventricular conduction in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Studies with His bundle electrogram.", "content": "The effects of atropine on atrio-ventricular conduction in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Studies with His bundle electrogram. The effects of atropine on normal and anomalous A-V pathways were investigated using HBE in 40 cases consisting of 25 subjects without pre-excitation (group I) and 15 cases with WPW syndrome (group II). In group I, A-H interval shortened with a mean decrease of 30% following the administration of atropine (p less than 0.001), while P-A and H-V intervals as well as QRS duration remained unchanged. In group II the electrocardiogram showed WPW syndrome pattern (pattern W) in 12, normalization (pattern N) in 1 and both patterns (pattern WN) in 2 cases during the control study. In 10 cases pattern W persisted after atropine. Atropine changed pattern W to WN in 2 cases, WN to W in 1, WN to N in 1 and N to WN in one case. P-d interval remained constant. Atropine had no effect on the conduction time within atrium. His-Purkinje system and anomalous A-V pathway, but accelerated the transmission through A-V node. Atropine decreased the QRS duration of pattern W in 11 of 13 cases showing pattern W or WN both before and after atropine. Since the QRS duration showing pattern W correlated with P-H interval and (see article) and had the negative correlation with H-d interval (p less than 0.001), fusion mechanism was considered as the genesis of electrocardiographic pattern in most cases with WPW syndrome. Atropine influence was negative on QRS complex of pattern W i2 cases showing the co-existence of Kent bundle and James fibers or exclusive Kent bundle conduction. In the latter case the selection of antiarrhythmic agents should be made with caution. A-V dissociation with junctional rhythm developed in 9 cases (4 in group II) within 2 and a half minutes after atropine. The duration was as short as 15 seconds or less in 6 cases. The continuous tracing is necessary not to miss the AV dissociation. The disappearance of delta wave after atropine was observed during the change to pattern WN and the occurrence of A-V junctional rhythm or beat in 5 of 12 cases showing pattern W prior to the drug administration, and right bundle branch block was disclosed in 2 cases. The normalization of QRS complex also made it possible to measure His-Purkinje conduction time. In this point atropine is superior to the other antiarrhythmic agents which prolong H-V interval. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia induced after atropine revealed shorter A-H with fixed H-V and V-A intervals, compared with the tachycardia before atropine in one case. The administration of atropine serves as an aid to evaluate the participation of anomalous A-V pathway in the tachycardia circuit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018334"}
{"pmid": "1018333", "title": "A basic study of the Hanssen technique for evaluation of single nephron glomerular filtration rate.", "content": "A basic study of the Hanssen technique for evaluation of single nephron glomerular filtration rate. The purpose of this study was mainly to examine some basic problems of the Hanssen technique for the evaluation of single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR). Firstly, experiments were performed using Wistar rats to determine the amount of C14-ferrocyanide necessary to give sufficient C14 radioactivity in dissected nephrons. Using 200 muCi of C14-ferrocyanide, the samples of dissected nephrons provided only twice as much as background. Hence, we chose the amount of 600 to 700 muCi of C14-ferrocyanide for each rat in the later experiments, which yielded the radioactivity 5 to 6 times as much as background. Secondly, the homogeneity of intrarenal C14-ferrocyanide distribution was tested. Five superficial (SUP) and juxtamedullary (JM) proximal tubules four different regions were dissected and the radioactivity of those nephrons was counted. The distribution of C14-ferrocyanide in each piece was representative of the overal distribution. The summary of morphologic and clearance studies were as follows. The mean lengths of proximal tubules of 40 SUP nephrons, 5.3 +/- 0.2 mm, and 39 JM nephrons, 6.3 +/- 0.1 mm, were significantly different (P less than 0.01). The mean glomerular diameter of the JM nephrons, 110 +/- 2.7 mu, was significantly greater than that of the SUP nephrons, 95 +/- 3.1 mu (P less than 0.01). The mean SNGFR of 129 SUP nephrons, 23.4 +/- 4.2 nl/min/100g Body Weight (BW), and that of 130 JM nephrons, 34.5 +/- 5.1 nl/min/100g BW, were significantly different (P less than 0.01). The ratio of superficial/juxtamedullary nephron glomerular filtration rate (S/JM Ratio) was 0.85 +/- 0.02. We conclude that C14-ferrocyanide is regularly distributed to the kidney and that it is necessary to infuse sufficient amount of C14-ferrocyanide in this technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018333"}
{"pmid": "1018332", "title": "Origin of organic compounds on the primitive earth and in meteorites.", "content": "Origin of organic compounds on the primitive earth and in meteorites. The role and relative contributions of different forms of energy to the synthesis of amino acids and other organic compounds on the primitive earth, in the parent bodies or carbonaceous chondrites, and in the solar nebula are examined. A single source of energy or a single process would not account for all the organic compounds synthesized in the solar system. Electric discharges appear to produce amino acids more efficiently than other sources of energy and the composition of the synthesized amino acids is qualitatively similar to those found in the Murchison meteorite. Ultraviolet light is also likely to have played a major role in prebiotic synthesis. Although the energy in the sun's spectrum that can be absorbed by the major constituents of the primitive atmosphere is not large, reactive trace components such as H2S and formaldehyde absorb at longer wavelengths where greater amounts of energy are available and produce amino acids by reactions involving hot hydrogen atoms. The thermal reaction of CO + H2 + NH3 on Fischer-Tropsch catalysts generates intermediates that lead to amino acids and other organic compounds that have been found in meteorites. However, this synthesis appears to be less efficient than electric discharges and to require a special set of reaction conditions. It should be emphasized that after the reactive organic intermediates are generated by the above processes, the subsequent reactions which produce the more complete biochemical compounds are low temperature homogenous reactions occurring in an aqueous environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018332"}
{"pmid": "1018335", "title": "Experimental studies of effects of acute renal venous congestion on renal function --with particular reference to renal arterio-venous plasma sodium difference.", "content": "Experimental studies of effects of acute renal venous congestion on renal function --with particular reference to renal arterio-venous plasma sodium difference. Effects of acute renal venous congestion on renal function were studies. In anesthetized mongrels with intermittent or sustained elevation of the renal venous pressure produced experimentally by unilateral constriction of the renal vein, changes in renal function were investigated with the clearance method and plasma concentrations of electrolytes, protein and Ht of collected arterial and venous blood oals were divided into two groups according to the initial conditions concerning the various level of renal arterio-venous plasma sodium. In dogs (Group A) whose initial values of renal arterio-venous plasma sodium difference were not less than -1 mEq/L, the difference showed a negative tendency both during intermittent and during continuous congestion. In dogs (Group B) whose initial values of the difference were less than -1 mEq/L, the difference showed a positive tendency during renal venous congestion. (2) In dogs of Group A, i) the sodium reabsorption rate increased when renal physiological values (GFR and RPF) remained unchanged (during intermittent congestion) as well as when these values decreased (during continuous congestion). ii) The calculated \"postglomerular\" oncotic pressure and the sodium reabsorption rate were strongly correlated at the control period, showing a slightly less correlation during intermittent renal congestion, whereas during sustained congestion, the latter increased independently of the former. iii) The NCPF/CPAH remained unchanged or slightly increased during intermittent congestion and was remarkably elevated during sustained congestion. (3) In dogs of Group B, i) Diminution of renal functions such as GFR and RPF was prominent during renal congestin and satisfactory recovery of renal functions to the initial level did not occur even after release from congestion. ii) No significant increase of sodium reabsorption rate was obtained during continuous renal congestion. (4) The balance of sodium ion between the kidney and blood of dogs of Group A was discussed. The effects of acute renal venous congestion on renal function were divided into two groups and it was concluded that this renal arteriovenous plasma sodium difference is a most significant factor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018335"}
{"pmid": "1018336", "title": "Effect of changes in inputs to atrioventricular node on AV conduction.", "content": "Effect of changes in inputs to atrioventricular node on AV conduction. The effect of different inputs into the atrioventricular node (AVN) on orthograde impulse transmission was studied. In rabbit AVN preparations, two stimulating electrodes were placed posteriorly in the crista terminalis (P) and anteriorly in the interatrial septum (A). Electric stimuli were given individually (P,A) or simultaneously (P + A). Premature stimulation, when properly timed (e.g. 70-100 msec at the basic cycle length of 400 msec) achieved AV conduction only in P + A but not in either P or A. Action potentials (APs) in AVN in this situation revealed an incomplete depolarization in P and A, but became a fullsized AP in P + A. This might be explained by summation. The site of simmation appeared to be in the upper node, because APs distal to the middle node as well as APs in the His bundle behaved in an \"all or none\" fashion. Time intervals between the stimulus artifact and the His bundle AP upstroke (S-H) were shorter in P + A was enhanced with the decrease of the S-H difference between P and A suggested an accelerated conduction by summation in AVN. A hyperpolarizing current flowing through the suction electrodes which were attached in the vicinity of AVN caused different amounts of S-H shortening between P and A input. The above data support the view that AVN has a summating property engendered by the slow inactivation of ionic channel on which the upstroke of AP depends and by the limited number and sites of atrial inputs which might connect with some preferential paths within the AVN.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018336"}
{"pmid": "1018337", "title": "Responses of the His-Purkinje conducting system to supraventricular premature beats--in vitro and in vivo canine experiments on ventricular aberrant conduction.", "content": "Responses of the His-Purkinje conducting system to supraventricular premature beats--in vitro and in vivo canine experiments on ventricular aberrant conduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018337"}
{"pmid": "1018338", "title": "Automaticity and time-dependent conduction disturbance produced in canine ventricular myocardium. New aspects for initiation of ventricular arrhythmias.", "content": "Automaticity and time-dependent conduction disturbance produced in canine ventricular myocardium. New aspects for initiation of ventricular arrhythmias. 1) In isolated canine ventricular myocardium, automaticity could be induced by a passage of small depolarizing DC-currents. The mechanism was attributed to inflowing Ca++ and Na+ currents and time-dependent deactivation of outward K+ current under a condition of high membrane resistance due to an anomalous rectification. Significance of the automaticity was discussed in relation to the ventricular arrhythmias encountered in very early stage of myocardial infarction. 2) In in situ canine hearts, chloropromazine induced time (preceding cycle length)-dependent decrease in conduction velocity within the ventricle. Thus QRS-duration of non-premature beats was lenghtened at rapid pacing rates while QRS-duration of atrial premature beats was lengthened also at short coupling intervals in the drug-treated dogs. These slow conductions were not due to reduced take-off potential of action potentials bue due to drug-induced slow recovery of rapid Na+ system. The phenomenon may be responsible for reported QRS-prolongation and fatal ventricular arrhythmias encountered in the patients receiving phenothiazines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018338"}
{"pmid": "1018339", "title": "Role of slow inward current in the genesis of ventricular arrhythmia.", "content": "Role of slow inward current in the genesis of ventricular arrhythmia. Action potentials of premature beats in ventricular muscle fibers showed a transient prolongation of duration as well as an increase in second depolarization of the plateau phase when the preceding diastolic intervals were progressively shortened. These changes were abolished by manganese ions. Voltage clamp experiments also disclosed a transient increase in slow inward current in premature excitations, of which time course was very similar to that in action potential changes. These results suggested that prolongation of action potential durations was mainly brought about by changes in slow inward current and this was partly related to the characteristics of recovery from inactivation of this current. An increase of slow inward current produced depressed conduction on the subsequent beat and it also shared the effects to extend the areas of slow response. These effects may accelerate the occurrence of re-entry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018339"}
{"pmid": "1018340", "title": "Mechanism of supraventricular tachycardia and pharmacological effects on it.", "content": "Mechanism of supraventricular tachycardia and pharmacological effects on it. Electrophysiologic study in 30 patients with documented SVT, 16 of whom had preexcitation, and in 24 control subjects were reported. The mechanism of SVT were found to be various and to include reentry confined to the AV node, SA node or the atrium, reentry through accessory pathway and ectopic atrial automaticity. It was noted that some of SVT might use concealed accessory pathway in VA direction while the some of SVT in WPW syndrome might not utilize accessory pathways. Electrophysiological properties in cases with SVT did not differ from those observed in controls. There were no differences in the mode of electrophysiological action of drugs between XVT and control groups. Both propranolol and procaine amide slightly depressed AV conduction. However, the action of the drugs on echo zone were not the same. The basic mechanisms of the action of the drugs in SVT were discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018340"}
{"pmid": "1018341", "title": "Role of the autonomic nerves in the pathogenesis of primary ventricular fibrillation: experimental and clinical studies in dogs and man.", "content": "Role of the autonomic nerves in the pathogenesis of primary ventricular fibrillation: experimental and clinical studies in dogs and man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018341"}
{"pmid": "1018342", "title": "Electrophysiological mechanisms for digitalis arrhythmias.", "content": "Electrophysiological mechanisms for digitalis arrhythmias.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018342"}
{"pmid": "1018343", "title": "Purification of host DNA synthesis-suppressing factor (DSF) produced by infection with measles virus.", "content": "Purification of host DNA synthesis-suppressing factor (DSF) produced by infection with measles virus. Host DNA synthesis-suppressing factor (DSF) produced into culture fluid of cloned HeLa cells (HeLa C-9) infected with a small plaque variant of Toyoshima strain of measles virus was purified by precipitation with ammonium sulfate, chromatography on CM-cellulose and DEAE-cellulose, and gel-filtration on Sephadex G-100 and G-200. The specific activity of the finally purified DSF was 302 units/mg of protein representing approximately 300-fold purification. The molecular weight of DSF was estimated to be about 55 000. By isoelectric focusing, two kinds of DSF having isoelectric points of 4.24 and 5.24 were detectable. The purified DSF was able to suppress host DNA synthesis of HeLa cells, continuous human lymphoid cells (NC-37), mouse L cells and Meth-A cells derived from an ascitic tumor of the mouse. The activity of the purified DSF was inactivated by heating at 56 C for 30 min or by treatment with trypsin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018343"}
{"pmid": "1018344", "title": "Isolation of a small rod with lytic activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus from fresh sea water.", "content": "Isolation of a small rod with lytic activity against Vibrio parahaemolyticus from fresh sea water. A small rod, capable of formine crater-like plaques on lawns of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, was isolated from a marine environment. The isolate was a gram-negative straight rod with round ends and was small in size, equal to that of halophilic Bdellovibrio strain 5501. The isolate appeared to have close taxonomic relationships to Cytophaga, since this bacterium moved slowly in a gliding manner on a solid agar surface, hydrolyzed agar and starch, contained yellow pigment and was halophilic. The isolate was able to grow not only under host-dependent but also under host-independent conditions when low nutrient media were used for cultivation, and its bacteriolytic mode was different from that of Bdellovibrio, an endoparasite. The isolate was halophilic and required Mg++ and Ca++ in addition to 3% saline for growth. The isolate showed a broad host rnage when tested for plaque-forming activity on gram-negative bacteria but not on the gram-positive bacteria tested so far.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018344"}
{"pmid": "1018345", "title": "Binding of tobacco mosaic virus to membrane material isolated from tobacco leaves.", "content": "Binding of tobacco mosaic virus to membrane material isolated from tobacco leaves. Binding of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) to disrupted tobacco leaf membrane was studied. Membrane isolated from tobacco leaves was treated successively with (NH4)2SO4, Li-diiodosalicylate and then pronase. TMV-binding substance was thus isolated in a soluble form. From enzymatic digestion experiments, it was suggested that the binding substance was composed of lipid and carbohydrate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018345"}
{"pmid": "1018346", "title": "Mycobacterium intracellulare from public bath water.", "content": "Mycobacterium intracellulare from public bath water.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018346"}
{"pmid": "1018347", "title": "Lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and serum inhibitory effect in patients with gastric cancer.", "content": "Lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and serum inhibitory effect in patients with gastric cancer. The in vitro lymphocyte response to PHA was determined in patients with gastric cancer in various stages prior to the surgical treatment. The lymphocyte responsiveness in the presence of homologous pooled AB serum in patients of stages II, III and IV were markedly reduced as compared with that in healthy controls (stages II, III; p less than 0.05, stage IV; p less than 0.01). Inhibition of normal lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA by serum from patients in stages III and IV were statistically significant only in the advanced stage. It was concluded that the suppression of the immune response in the early stage of gastric cancer was mainly due to the impairment of lymphocyte itself, which advanced with the progress of the stage and was modified by the serum inhibitory effect in advanced stages. In patients with advanced cancer, the higher was the lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA and PWM prior to the initial treatment, the more effective was the immunotherapy. This shows that the indication of the immunotherapy in patients with advanced cancer could be initiated. Furthermore, the correlation between the lymphocyte responsiveness to PHA and the clinical results of immunotherapy was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018347"}
{"pmid": "1018348", "title": "Carcinomas of the stomach in the young adults.", "content": "Carcinomas of the stomach in the young adults. The clinical and pathologic characteristics of the gastric carcinomas in the young adults were described in special comparison with the carcinomas in the old men. They were found to be similar in many respects, but had some different features like the histologic findings with particular references to the histogenetic background.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018348"}
{"pmid": "1018349", "title": "Evaluation of hepatic reserve for surgical treatment in portal hypertension.", "content": "Evaluation of hepatic reserve for surgical treatment in portal hypertension. Based on a hepatic hemodynamic study, estimated by hepatic catheterization technique in 233 patients of portal hypertension, a classification of hepatic reserve is proposed. Surgical treatments for preventing esophageal variceal bleeding which does not decrease portal pressure may safely be applied to the patients whose effective hepatic blood flow of over 300 ml/min/M2, intrahepatic shunting rate below 40 per cent, IGC disappearance rate of over 0.04 min-1, or BSP 30 minute retention rate of below 35 per cent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018349"}
{"pmid": "1018350", "title": "Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation.", "content": "Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation. The technique of percutaneous transtracheal ventilation (intermittent  jets of oxygen under high pressure, 50 pounds per square inch [psi]) has been used for resuscitation during anesthesia and prior to tracheostomy, and has been established as an important adjunct to life-support techniques. The technical aspects are described together with experimental evidence that intermittent jet ventilation is necessary to eliminate carbon dioxide. The complications occurring with a series of 80 patients are reported along with experimental work in ventilation of dogs with compressed air sources, including truck tires. Emergency physicians should be familiar with this technique and equipment for its use should be readily available in the emergency department. The potential role of transtracheal ventilation in the mobile intensive care unit at accident sites has been explored and appears promising. Conventional airway support techniques should be applied prior to resorting to transtracheal ventilation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018350"}
{"pmid": "1018352", "title": "Caffeine intoxication: a case of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia.", "content": "Caffeine intoxication: a case of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. Caffeinism is a syndrome resulting from the excessive ingestion of caffeine and characterized primarily by cardiovascular and central nervous system manifestations. A variety of tachyarrhythmias and extrasystoles are believed to reflect the toxic, cardiotonic effects of caffeine. A case of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia (PAT) related to caffeine abuse is PAT. The importance of considering this and other less frequent conditions as potential causes for this arrhythmia is stressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018352"}
{"pmid": "1018351", "title": "Hydrocarbon ingestion in children: a six-year retrospective study.", "content": "Hydrocarbon ingestion in children: a six-year retrospective study. The results of a six-year retrospective study of 116 children admitted with the diagnosis of hydrocarbon ingestion showed that the major toxicity of hydrocarbons was to the respiratory tract, with 79 patients (68%) developing pneumonia. There was a significantly higher initial white blood cell count in children who developed pneumonia (15,900/cu mm vs 12,000/cu mm, p less than .001). All hydrocarbon products studied had a similar incidence of complicatons, except turpentine products, which had a significantly lower incidence of pneumonia (p less than .005). There was no correlation between amount ingested and development of complicatons. Initial treatment, which consisted of induced vomiting, gastric lavage, administration of oil or saline cathartics, was not associated with fewer complications. Oil administration correlated with higher incidence of pneumonia (p less than .025). The present study recomends only supportive treatment following hydrocarbon ingestion in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018351"}
{"pmid": "1018353", "title": "Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. Case report.", "content": "Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction. Case report. The Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction is a response to the treatment of syphilis. The most common findings are fever, malaise, headache, and exacerbation of cutaneous lesions. The reaction is thought to be due to the effects of treponema breakdown products, and it should not be confused with an allergic reaction to the antibiotic employed. Thus, further therapy must not be withheld. Treatment is symptomatic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018353"}
{"pmid": "1018354", "title": "A conceptual framework for emergency care planning.", "content": "A conceptual framework for emergency care planning. The experience of functional program planning, in addition to facilitating the planning process for a new emergency unit, has had additional benefits. It has given the staff a common conceptual framework for analyzing patient care as provided and for identifying areas where improvements can be made. Also, a new approach has been developed for communicating with other departments and with hospital administration about day-to-day operating problems which may be useful for addressing other resource allocating and operating room time schedules. By developing a planning framework, it is possible to integrate the expertise of various services, while retaining an integrated overall orientation within which the efficacy of different proposals can be judged. This approach is critically important in helping to avoid the adverse effects of fragmented planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018354"}
{"pmid": "1018355", "title": "The emergency joint: arthrocentesis and synovial fluid analysis.", "content": "The emergency joint: arthrocentesis and synovial fluid analysis. Arthrocentesis and the subsequent evaluation of synovial fluid is often the definitive diagnostic procedure for the patient presenting with a joint effusion or intrasynovial hemorrhage. The difficulty of performing arthrocentesis varies with the joint in question, but those joints most frequently involved are easily entered. The indications and contraindications for this procedure are discussed. Effusion-producing pathologic processes often yield fluids of a characteristic nature permitting their classifications into categories of noninflammatory (Group I), inflammatory (Group II), septic (Group III), and hemorrhagic. This categorization of the effusion may permit specific diagnosis or the narrowing of the differential diagnosis. Criteria are established on the basis of joint fluid features to differentiate septic arthritis, which requires inpatient treatment, from those entities for which the patient may reasonably be treated as an outpatient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018355"}
{"pmid": "1018356", "title": "The American College of Emergency Physicians in the bicentennial year.", "content": "The American College of Emergency Physicians in the bicentennial year.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018356"}
{"pmid": "1018357", "title": "A cautionary note about PTV.", "content": "A cautionary note about PTV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018357"}
{"pmid": "1018358", "title": "Cold injury from skin refrigerants.", "content": "Cold injury from skin refrigerants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018358"}
{"pmid": "1018359", "title": "Insect sting reactions.", "content": "Insect sting reactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018359"}
{"pmid": "1018360", "title": "Algorithm-directed triage in an emergency department.", "content": "Algorithm-directed triage in an emergency department. At Brooke Army Medical Center the Emergency Services Section has developed an algorith,-directed triage system to be used by \"screeners\" who may be basic medical corpsmen but sometimes have had no previous medical experience. After 25 hours of classroom and 120 hours of on-the-job training, the screeners use the algorithms to triage patients into one of three treatment areas in the emergency section or to clinics outside the emergency section during the day and evening. The screeners may consult with a triage physician if the algorithm-directed disposition appears inappropriate, Triage dispositions of 78,822 patient visits during the calendar year 1975 are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018360"}
{"pmid": "1018361", "title": "Effectiveness of nurse triage in the emergency department of an urban county hospital.", "content": "Effectiveness of nurse triage in the emergency department of an urban county hospital. The effectiveness of patient triage by a specially trained registered nurse in the emergency department of an urban county hospital, San Francisco General Hospital, was evaluated over a three-month period. Ambulatory patients thought to have nonemergent illnesses were directed to the Walk-In Service for physician evaluation and treatment; the remainder were seen in the Emergency Service. In three months, 11,329 patients registered for care, and 4,150 (37%) were referred to the Walk-In Service. Of the 77 admitted patients, six were thought to require treatment within a few hours, 67 within hours to days, and four were considered elective admissions. There were no deaths. Error in triage was about equally divided between mistaken diagnosis and underestimated severity of illnes. The overall accuracy of triage was 98%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018361"}
{"pmid": "1018362", "title": "Laryngotracheal trauma: recognition and management.", "content": "Laryngotracheal trauma: recognition and management. In 23 patients with laryngotracheal trauma at the Louisville General Hospital during a ten-year period, 19 survived. One death was directly atributable to the airway injury. The most common postinjury complication was hoarsensess attributable to direct injury to the cords or recurrent nerve paralysis. One patient had further operation for subglottic stenosis. In general, blunt injuries were more severe than penetrating injuries. Subcutaneous emphysema, aphonia or dyshonia, hemoptysis, signs of injuries, a sucking wound, are presumptive findings of laryngotracheal injury. Appropriate endoscopy and radiographic studies should confirm the diagnosis. Control of the airway is achieved by emergency tracheostomy or intubation followed by tracheostomy. Prompt operative intervention and primary repair follow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018362"}
{"pmid": "1018363", "title": "Rape evidence kit: simplified procedures for the emergency department.", "content": "Rape evidence kit: simplified procedures for the emergency department. The crime of rape requires medical evaluation and therapy concomitant with the collection of legal evidence for potential prosecution. A practical, inexpensive evidence kit has been disigned that meets the needs of the local health department, police department, hospital emergency centers, and district attorney personnel. Costs of assembly and specimen analysis are assumed by the police department. Chain of custody is assured through tamper-proof bags, appropriate reporting forms and police involvement in specimen pick-up. Victims participate in chain of custody by sharing in collection and authorization. The requirement for physician appearance in court is thus lessened. Standardization of examination and reporting prompts all community hospitals to share in examinations, preventing over loading of a single, busy facility. Six months' experience had borne out the anticipated simplification of collection, standardization of reporting, and reduction of physician involvement in legal procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018363"}
{"pmid": "1018364", "title": "Public relations in the emergency department.", "content": "Public relations in the emergency department.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018364"}
{"pmid": "1018365", "title": "Status epilepticus.", "content": "Status epilepticus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018365"}
{"pmid": "1018366", "title": "The role of the emergency physician in mass casualty/disaster management. ACEP position paper.", "content": "The role of the emergency physician in mass casualty/disaster management. ACEP position paper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018366"}
{"pmid": "1018367", "title": "Quo vadis--UA/EMS? (University Association for Emergency Medical Services)", "content": "Quo vadis--UA/EMS? (University Association for Emergency Medical Services)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018367"}
{"pmid": "1018368", "title": "The President of the United States of America: a neglected person in our emergency medical system.", "content": "The President of the United States of America: a neglected person in our emergency medical system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018368"}
{"pmid": "1018369", "title": "Drugs given or prescribed in the emergency department.", "content": "Drugs given or prescribed in the emergency department.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018369"}
{"pmid": "1018370", "title": "Emergency medicine and family practice - room for both.", "content": "Emergency medicine and family practice - room for both.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018370"}
{"pmid": "1018371", "title": "Updated reprint filing system for the emergency physician.", "content": "Updated reprint filing system for the emergency physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018371"}
{"pmid": "1018372", "title": "The crush injury: a high risk wound.", "content": "The crush injury: a high risk wound. A standardized experimental impact injury model was developed to produce soft tissue trauma that simulated impact injuries to soft tissue overlying the cranium. An aluminum impact instrument was constructed so as to deliver a measured amount of energy to a finite area of soft tissue over a fixed foundation. Impact injury resulted in readily demonstrable changes in the morphology of the tissue and its blood flow. As measured by the distribution of fluorescein dye, the blood flow to the impact site was considerably less than that to unwounded tissue. The magnitude of this reduction in blood flow to the site of injury was proportional to the level of energy absorbed by the tissue. The injury to skin resulting from the impact was restricted primarily to the subcutaneous tissue and panniculus carnosus. Loss of adipose tissue and necrosis of skeletal muscle fibers in these layers were associated with the development of a dense inflammatory infiltrate. The structural damage to the tissue and its reduced perfusion were correlated with the tissue's increased susceptibility to infection by bacteria delivered either by direct infection or as a result of a bacteremia. The magnitude of this damage to the host's defenses is, again, directly related to the amount of energy absorbed per unit area of soft tissue. Antibiotics did suppress the growth of bacteria in these experimental soft tissue impact wounds, even when treatment was delayed eight hours. While the therapeutic efficacy of antibiotics was readily apparent in soft tissue impact wounds, the degree to which they could suppress bacteria in these wounds was less than that encountered in the treated control wounds not subjected to impact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018372"}
{"pmid": "1018373", "title": "Provider performance in the recognition and treatment of telemetered electrocardiogram patterns.", "content": "Provider performance in the recognition and treatment of telemetered electrocardiogram patterns. A test of electrocardiogram diagnostic skills in the form of a ten-slide presentation of six-second rhythm strips was administered to 25 emergency department nurses, 23 intensive care unit (ICU) nurses, 34 cardiac technicians (CRT, EMT) and 37 physicians. The ICU nurses had the best performance overall. Physicians had difficulty with mechanical problems, viz, loose leads, flat line and inverted leads. ICU nurses had less difficulty identifying and treating flat line than did emergency department nurses. The study's limitations were that the sample was self-selected and that the providers might respond differently to a real life situation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018373"}
{"pmid": "1018374", "title": "A unique academic approach to critical care-emergency medicine training.", "content": "A unique academic approach to critical care-emergency medicine training. The four-year program for training physicians in critical care-emergency medicine at Sacramento Medical Center, University of California, Davis School of Medicine is described. Its purpose is to train the physician in resuscitation, emergency care for life-threatening conditions, and intensive care, so that the graduate can staff community hospital emergency departments and intensive care units, be director of an emergency department or intensive care unit, or pursue an academic career in emergency medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018374"}
{"pmid": "1018375", "title": "Abscess formation as a complication of parenteral methylphenidate abuse.", "content": "Abscess formation as a complication of parenteral methylphenidate abuse. Case reports of five patients suffering from either skin abscesses or cellulitis following parenteral methylphenidate abuse are presented. Four patients had similar lesions consisting of abscesses or cellulitis which demonstrated typical signs and symptoms of an infective process and were treated with local symptomatic therapy, incision and drainage if indicated, and systemic antibiotics. The fifth patient suffered from a circular, necrotic, nonpurulent ulcer on the dorsum of the right foot which produced no local or systemic toxic effects. Attempts to culture a responsible organism yielded Streptococcus viridans, an organism which is normal flora of the skin and, although opportunistic, is generally considered nonpathogenic. These cases further substantiate the belief that local vasospasm, chemical irritation, or both, produced by the methylphenidate solution may primarily cause a necrotic ulcer susceptibble to secondary bacterial infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018375"}
{"pmid": "1018376", "title": "Xylocaine viscous as an aid in the differential diagnosis of chest pain.", "content": "Xylocaine viscous as an aid in the differential diagnosis of chest pain. Sixty patients with chest pain, chest and epigastric pain, or predominantly epigastric pain, not explained by electrocardiographic (EKG) changes or pulmonary findings, were given 20 cc of Xylocaine Viscous orally. Thirty-seven out of 60 experienced complete or almost complete relief within 10 to 15 minutes. Of this group, none were found to have suffered a myocardial infarction. Of the 23 patients who did not experience pain relief, six had a myocardial infarction and seven were diagnosed as having cardiac angina. Determination of serum lidocaine levels after oral ingestion of 20 cc of Xylocaine Viscous in patients with normal gastric function demonstrated a maximum level of 0.55 mu/ml--a serum level unlikely to result in adverse side effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018376"}
{"pmid": "1018377", "title": "Can the well trained EMT-paramedic maintain skills and knowledge?", "content": "Can the well trained EMT-paramedic maintain skills and knowledge? Reliable criteria exist to assess emergency medical technician (EMT)-paramedic team and individual competence. In addition to written and oral examiniation, reliable individual manipulative skill data, and on-scene observation of emergency care by responsible physicians, EMT-paramedic team competence may be assessed by using tracer conditions that reflect patient outcome converted to a standard base population per unit time. Using standard definitions of \"resuscitation\" and \"save,\" and the pulseless, nonbreathing patient as tracer, 75 (31%) of 241 patients were resuscitated and 34 (14%) were saved. Team manipulative skill competence may also be determined by an appropriate tracer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018377"}
{"pmid": "1018379", "title": "A caveat for xylocaine viscous and chest pain.", "content": "A caveat for xylocaine viscous and chest pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018379"}
{"pmid": "1018378", "title": "The portable Doppler: practical applications in EMS care.", "content": "The portable Doppler: practical applications in EMS care. The practical application of a new, commercially available, portable Doppler ultrasound device to the operation of a busy city-county emergency department and ambulance service was investigated. An initial evaluation using healthy volunteers confirmed accuracy and reproducibility of the Doppler blood pressure readings comparable to that of auscultatory and palpatory measurement. In selected patients, the Doppler readings correlated well with readings from patients who had intra-arterial lines. When used in several low flow states, such as testing adequacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and verification of electromechanical dissociation, the Doppler aided the clinical evaluation and treatment in many cases where traditional methods were useless. The Doppler was also helpful in the evaluation of local arterial injury but this unit was not found sensitive enough for venous disease. Finally, the Doppler enhanced the obtaining of vital signs in the noisy environment of our ambulances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018378"}
{"pmid": "1018380", "title": "Public Law 93-641 and the emergency physician.", "content": "Public Law 93-641 and the emergency physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018380"}
{"pmid": "1018381", "title": "Plea for research in emergency medicine.", "content": "Plea for research in emergency medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018381"}
{"pmid": "1018382", "title": "Phenothiazines and anticholinergics in heat stroke.", "content": "Phenothiazines and anticholinergics in heat stroke.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018382"}
{"pmid": "1018383", "title": "Prehospital use of the military anti-shock trouser (MAST).", "content": "Prehospital use of the military anti-shock trouser (MAST). Complications of prehospital use of the military anti-shock trouser (MAST) in treating hypotensive and hypovolemic patients have been few and minor. Undesirable consequences--compromised respiratory excursion or autonomic disturbances such as emesis, urination or defecation--were rare. Forty-seven (88.7%) of 53 patients with conditions classed as potentially lethal or severe survived. Close communications between prehospital and emergency department personnel can assure accurate transmission of circumstances of MAST application and result in optimal responses and improved inhospital patient care. Both \"false positives\" (supposed initial hypotension or hypovolemia) and \"false negatives\" (seeming stability in the face of major anatomic derangements) require a carefully structured operational sequence. Further evaluation of the device, particularly in cardiovascular/cardiopulmonary cases, is in progress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018383"}
{"pmid": "1018384", "title": "Resuscitation--opening the airway. A comparative study of techniques for opening an airway obstructed by the tongue.", "content": "Resuscitation--opening the airway. A comparative study of techniques for opening an airway obstructed by the tongue. The effectiveness of three techniques for opening an airway obstructed by the tongue was studied and compared. The research involved patients who were anesthetized for elective surgery. The first group of patients, not breathing on their own, were ventilated by mouth-to-mouth breathing. The second group was unconscious, making spontaneous respiratory effort, but had total airway obstruction produced by the tongue from relaxation of the lower jaw. The three techniques--neck lift, chin lift, and jaw thrust--were performed on all patients in both groups. The adequacy of ventilation was compared subjectively and by measuring air flow with a Wright Respirometer. Results indicate that the chin lift technique provides the most consistently adequate airway.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018384"}
{"pmid": "1018385", "title": "Spontaneous bladder rupture: rare cause of peritonitis.", "content": "Spontaneous bladder rupture: rare cause of peritonitis. Spontaneous rupture of the urinary bladder is an uncommon, but important, cause of generalized peritonitis. It is a surgical emergency which may be rapidly fatal if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Bladder disease or obstruction, coupled with a sudden increase in intra-abdominal pressure usually accounts for the rupture. Characteristic symptoms are acute lower abdominal pain followed by generalized peritonitis. In most cases, the rupture is intra-peritoneal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018385"}
{"pmid": "1018388", "title": "Emergency medicine condition/skills list.", "content": "Emergency medicine condition/skills list.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018388"}
{"pmid": "1018386", "title": "Hypothermia--a sign of hypoglycemia.", "content": "Hypothermia--a sign of hypoglycemia. Hypothermia may occur in association with hypoglycemia, and indeed may be the only sign. Two cases are presented. In one, the patient presented with hypoglycemic encephalopathy. In the insulin dependent diabetic, the condition is life-threatening. Subnormal temperature is a clue to hypoglycemia in the alcoholic. The mechanism of hypothermia has been extensively studied, but remains unclear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018386"}
{"pmid": "1018389", "title": "Emergency medical technician-paramedic training.", "content": "Emergency medical technician-paramedic training. With a nationally standardized emergency medical technician-paramedic training program soon to be adopted, certain factors in the planning of training programs should be emphasized. (1) The facilities should provide an opportunity for the paramedics to gain clinical experience in intensive care units and emergency departments. Teaching must be appropriate to the students' educational background. (2) The course content should include advanced life-support. (3) Full-time and part-time programs must be developed, possibly using a modular format. (4) The operating procedure should conform to local medical and legal practice. (5) Mechanisms for evaluation and recertification must be developed. (6) Continuing education, as important or more important than the original training, should be included in program planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018389"}
{"pmid": "1018390", "title": "Clinical use of the \"G-suit\".", "content": "Clinical use of the \"G-suit\". The \"G-suit,\" a device for combating hypovolemic shock with external pneumatic counterpressure, represents an application of an old idea to a relatively common medical problem. Its simplicity of use and quick therapeutic effect buys time for the patient with hypovolemic shock, whether the suit is applied in the prehospital or emergency department setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018390"}
{"pmid": "1018387", "title": "An emergency intravenous route for the pediatric patient.", "content": "An emergency intravenous route for the pediatric patient. In pediatric patients, percutaneous venipuncture is preferable to cutdown, especially in inexperienced hands. The best route for maintenance fluid administration is a  No. 19, No. 21 or No. 23 scalp vein needle or No. 18 or No. 20 plastic cannula placed in a superficial hand or foot vein. An incision 1 cm proximal to the medial malleolus of the tibia over the great saphenous vein is the classic pediatric cutdown. Other alternatives are brachial vein, saphenous vein distal to the medial aspect of the knee and, in extreme emergencies, the external jugular vein or cephalic vein in the arm. The cutdown technique with facilitating suggestions and possible dangers is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018387"}
{"pmid": "1018391", "title": "Southern California frostbite.", "content": "Southern California frostbite.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018391"}
{"pmid": "1018392", "title": "Splint the patients, not the fractures, where they lie.", "content": "Splint the patients, not the fractures, where they lie.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018392"}
{"pmid": "1018393", "title": "Treatment of choice for brown recluse spider bites.", "content": "Treatment of choice for brown recluse spider bites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018393"}
{"pmid": "1018394", "title": "On-the-scene emergency care by the primary physician.", "content": "On-the-scene emergency care by the primary physician. One year's experience with on-the-scene emergency responses by a rural family physician equipped for advanced life-support is analyzed. Three (6.7%) out of 45 consecutive emergency responses were lifesaving, specifically because the physician was there. No definite reduction in morbidity was documented. Accurate assessment of emergencies when reported and at the scene of spontaneous events was enhanced by the physician's familiarity with  the patient and/or the reporter. Economic considerations, useful equipment, and special problems encountered in on-the-scene emergency care are discussed. The primary physician is a reasonable candidate to provide on-the-scene emergency care, especially in communities where advanced life-support is otherwise inadequate. His properly equipped vehicle deserves emergency vehicle status. Simultaneous summoning of the physician along with other emergency personnel by a central dispatching agency would be ideal in these communities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018394"}
{"pmid": "1018395", "title": "Airway obstructed by foreign material: the Heimlich maneuver.", "content": "Airway obstructed by foreign material: the Heimlich maneuver. To investigate the application of a cough-creating thrust for the removal of airway-obstructing foreign material, the thrust was applied to six adult male anesthetized volunteers at the waist, at the low chest level, and at the midchest level, with the subjects in both the horizontal-lateral and the sitting positions. Air volume, peak air flow rate, and airway measurements were made. Both the low chest and midchest thrusts produced significantly better results than did the abdominal thrust. There were no side effects attributable to the thrusts. The ease of application and consistently better level of results indicate that the chest thrust is the technique of choice. The application of the chest thrust should be integrated into the concepts of basic life-support and cardiopulmonary resuscitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018395"}
{"pmid": "1018396", "title": "Psychiatric training for emergency medicine residents on a multidisciplinary team.", "content": "Psychiatric training for emergency medicine residents on a multidisciplinary team. The Cincinnati General Hospital Emergency Department has a training program for emergency medicine residents on a multidisciplinary emergency psychiatry team. This essential training should occur in the emergency department setting rather than in psychiatric inpatient units of state hospital settings. There are advantages and disadvantages to this arrangement. Nonmedical members of the emergency psychiatry team train and support emergency medicine residents in a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. Some observations are made about how the emergency medicine residents deal with emotionally disturbed patients. Finally, 80% of emergency medicine residents responded to questionnaire on their reactions to the multidisciplinary emergency psychiatry team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018396"}
{"pmid": "1018397", "title": "Nerve blocks of the foot.", "content": "Nerve blocks of the foot. Emergency treatment of foot injuries can be made less painful by regional block anesthesia. There is limited medical literature on these techniques and many physicians, while familiar with regional anesthesia of the upper extremity, are not experienced with nerve blocks in the lower extremity. Infiltration anesthesia of the plantar structures of the foot and toes can be very painful and may inhibit healing. Regional anesthesia avoids both of these problems and can prove effective and useful. This paper discusses the techniques and possible complications of nerve block anesthesia of the foot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018397"}
{"pmid": "1018398", "title": "Botulism.", "content": "Botulism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018398"}
{"pmid": "1018400", "title": "Relief of airway obstruction.", "content": "Relief of airway obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018400"}
{"pmid": "1018399", "title": "Upper airway obstruction.", "content": "Upper airway obstruction. A large number of diseases may present  with respiratory distress. In adults, upper airway obstruction (UAO) is relatively rare. Consequently, UAO may initially be overlooked in the differential diagnosis of the dyspneic patient. Because it may progress rapidly, delays or errors in diagnosis can be critical. During an eight-month period in one emergency department, seven adult patients with potentially life-threatening diseases of the upper airway were seen. To reacquaint physicians with the syndrome of mechanical obstruction of large airways, several illustrative cases are presented and the syndrome is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018399"}
{"pmid": "1018401", "title": "The teaching of life-support technics in medical schools.", "content": "The teaching of life-support technics in medical schools.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018401"}
{"pmid": "1018402", "title": "Electrocardiographic changes in traumatized patients.", "content": "Electrocardiographic changes in traumatized patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018402"}
{"pmid": "1018403", "title": "ED surgery for the embedded broken-off needle.", "content": "ED surgery for the embedded broken-off needle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018403"}
{"pmid": "1018404", "title": "Plasma cortisol in tuberculosis.", "content": "Plasma cortisol in tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018404"}
{"pmid": "1018473", "title": "The etiology of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia.", "content": "The etiology of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. The etiology of a transmissable colonic mucosal hyperplasia of mice was investigated. Hyperplasia was produced in mice inoculated with unfiltered colonic suspension from affected mice, but infectivity was lost after passage through a 0.45 mum filter. The etiologic agent was subsequently identified as a variant of Citrobacter freundii. The organism induced colonic mucosal hyperplasia when inoculated into germfree mice, and it was recovered in pure culture from the affected animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018473"}
{"pmid": "1018474", "title": "Vaginal septa in mice: incidence, inheritance, and effect on reproductive, performance.", "content": "Vaginal septa in mice: incidence, inheritance, and effect on reproductive, performance. Dorso-ventral vaginal septa were observed in 38% of the recently weaned BALB/cJ female mice in the production colony at The Jackson Laboratory. The frequency of septa in two other BALB/c substrains and eight different inbred strains ranged from 0 to 8%. The vaginal anomaly was similar regardless of genetic background although individual variations were observed. The remainder of the reproductive tract was normal. Microscopically, the septum consisted of a fibrous partition covered by normal epithelium. Genetic analysis was undertaken by outcrossing septate BALB/cJ females to C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, or BALB/cBy males. Examination of female F1 and F2 progeny indicated more than one recessive gene was involved and genetic background influenced expression of these genes. Reproductive performance of septate and nonseptate BALB/cJ females was compared using several criteria. Fewer septate females were fertile, but the fecundity of fertile septate females was not affected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018474"}
{"pmid": "1018475", "title": "Effect of repeated halothane anesthesias on Syrian hamster lung lipids.", "content": "Effect of repeated halothane anesthesias on Syrian hamster lung lipids. Sixteen adult Syrian hamsters were exposed 33 times over a 19-day period to enough halothane to induce a deep surgical plane of anesthesia. The exposures caused no significant change in the total amount of lipid in the exposed lungs; however, the percentage of neutral lipid due to cholesterol increased from 29 +/- 5% to 43 +/- 7% while the percentage of free fatty acid decreased from 33 +/- 3% to 22 +/- 5%. Among the phosphoglycerides, there was a slight shift toward more phosphatidyl choline and less phosphatidyl serine, phosphatidyl glycerol, and phosphatidyl ethanolamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018475"}
{"pmid": "1018476", "title": "Hemoglobins of the opossum (Didelphis marsupialis). II. Polymorphism; electrophoretic and chromatographic observations.", "content": "Hemoglobins of the opossum (Didelphis marsupialis). II. Polymorphism; electrophoretic and chromatographic observations. Eighty-five adult opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) were examined for variation of hemaglobin by means of electrophoresis and column chromatography. A single hemoglobin was found in 83 animals while two hemoglobins were observed in two animals. The results of the chromatography studies suggested that the polymorphism was due to primary sequence differences in the alpha chain. Attempts to confirm this result by hybridization with human or canine hemoglobins were unsuccessful. The polymorphism was found not to be due to size differences and further investigation into its genetic basis was suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018476"}
{"pmid": "1018477", "title": "Semen volume and sperm concentration in the ferret (Mustela putorius).", "content": "Semen volume and sperm concentration in the ferret (Mustela putorius). Semen was obtained from 40 of 62 attempted electro-ejaculations of nine anesthetized male ferrets. The ejaculations were performed using a bi-polar rectal electrode and an electrical stimulus of about 4 V and 0.35 mA applied for approximately 4 seconds and repeated at 10-second intervals. The mean number of stimuli required to obtain an ejaculation was 12.3. The spermatozoa concentration per mm3 ranged from 0.07 x 10(6) to 1.98 x 10(6) with a mean of 0.62 x 10(6). The mean number of spermatozoa per ejaculate was 16.35 x 10(6) and the mean volume of semen per ejaculate was 0.026 ml.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018477"}
{"pmid": "1018478", "title": "Changes in anticoagulation in dogs assayed by three methods.", "content": "Changes in anticoagulation in dogs assayed by three methods. As a preliminary to a membrane oxygenator study, a study was made of clotting indices in dogs and their intercorrelation and relationship to human data. The most useful criterion for monitoring coagulation in experimental extracorporeal systems was sought. Linear regression and correlation analysis indicated that activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) predicted whole blood clotting time with a correlation of 0.77 (p less than 0.01). Changes in the APTT with time after heparinization were similar to those previously reported in man, making the animal model an acceptable one for use in developing extracorporeal systems such as the membrane oxygenator. When blood activated recalcification time (BART), APTT, and whole blood clotting time (WBCT) assays were compared on the basis of applicability to studies of extracorporeal support, the APTT and the BART assays proved superior to the WBCT assay due to their reduced variability and increased speed of determination. The variability of the BART assay was the lowest, and its sensitivity was the same as the APTT assay. The principal drawback to the BART assay was not experienced in this study; that is, its dependence on adequate platelet levels which are unpredictable in extracorporeal systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018478"}
{"pmid": "1018479", "title": "Comparison of hemagglutination inhibition pregnancy tests in the chimpanzee and the orangutan.", "content": "Comparison of hemagglutination inhibition pregnancy tests in the chimpanzee and the orangutan. A hemagglutination inhibition pregnancy test (Subhuman Primate Pregnancy Test), based on antiserum to the beta-subunit of ovine luteinizing hormone was evaluated for use in the chimpanzee and orangutan. The test was shown to give earlier indication of pregnancy in both species that two sensitive tests currently available for use in man (the Pregnosticon Accusphere Test and the UCG-Test). A comparison of sensitivity to chimpanzee chorionic gonadotropin was performed. The Subhuman Primate Pregnancy Test was 10 and 15 times as sensitive as the UCG-Test and the Pregnostican Accusphere Test respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018479"}
{"pmid": "1018480", "title": "A device for the cutaneous exteriorization of chronic intravascular catheters.", "content": "A device for the cutaneous exteriorization of chronic intravascular catheters. A device has been designed which permits the cutaneous exteriorization of chronically implanted intravascular catheters. From one to three catheters may be exteriorized for withdrawing blood samples or for connecting to a pressure transducer. The device is uniquely suited for studying animals in a conscious and unrestrained state such as during exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018480"}
{"pmid": "1018481", "title": "Exteriorized carotid-jugular shunt for hemodialysis of the goat.", "content": "Exteriorized carotid-jugular shunt for hemodialysis of the goat. A surgical technique was developed for the establishment of a permanent exteriorized artificial shunt between a carotid artery and a jugular vein of a goat. The shunt allowed continuous hemodialysis with an artificial kidney for hours or a prosthetic unit for days and intermittent experimental use of the animal for months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018481"}
{"pmid": "1018482", "title": "Particulate matter induced periorbital abscess in gnotobiotic athymic nu/nu (nude) mice.", "content": "Particulate matter induced periorbital abscess in gnotobiotic athymic nu/nu (nude) mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018482"}
{"pmid": "1018483", "title": "A simple technique for kidney perfusion in the mouse.", "content": "A simple technique for kidney perfusion in the mouse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018483"}
{"pmid": "1018484", "title": "Effect of overnight fasting of young rats on water consumption, body weight, blood sampling, and blood composition.", "content": "Effect of overnight fasting of young rats on water consumption, body weight, blood sampling, and blood composition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018484"}
{"pmid": "1018486", "title": "Eroticism in infancy and childhood.", "content": "Eroticism in infancy and childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018486"}
{"pmid": "1018485", "title": "Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in rabbits successfully treated with a polyvinyl iodine solution.", "content": "Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection in rabbits successfully treated with a polyvinyl iodine solution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018485"}
{"pmid": "1018487", "title": "The home situation and the homosexual.", "content": "The home situation and the homosexual.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018487"}
{"pmid": "1018488", "title": "Three cases of genital self-surgery and their relationship to transexualism.", "content": "Three cases of genital self-surgery and their relationship to transexualism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018488"}
{"pmid": "1018489", "title": "Vasectomy: its effect upon marital stability.", "content": "Vasectomy: its effect upon marital stability. 50 couples were studied as to whether vasectomy had any effect on marital stability, communication, and sexual satisfaction.  The procedure of the study is described and all results are tabulated.  Demographic data on the couples indicate a general trend toward the mid-20s in terms of couples making the decision in favor of vasectomy.  The couples seemed to have a stable marital history and to have made the decision earlier in marriage than was previously the case.  The average number of children among the couples was 2.  An average increase in coital frequency resulted from the vasectomy.  Improved stabilization of the marriage and improved sexual satisfaction also resulted.  Little change was noted in marital communication, understanding, and affection as a result of the vasectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018489"}
{"pmid": "1018491", "title": "Status inconsistency effects on sexual liberalness.", "content": "Status inconsistency effects on sexual liberalness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018491"}
{"pmid": "1018490", "title": "Comparative psychiatric status of male applicants for sexual reassignment surgery jejunoileal bypass surgery, and psychiatric outpatient treatment.", "content": "Comparative psychiatric status of male applicants for sexual reassignment surgery jejunoileal bypass surgery, and psychiatric outpatient treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018490"}
{"pmid": "1018492", "title": "Sex therapy in Australia.", "content": "Sex therapy in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018492"}
{"pmid": "1018493", "title": "Some paediatric liver diseases encountered in Singapore.", "content": "Some paediatric liver diseases encountered in Singapore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018493"}
{"pmid": "1018494", "title": "Clinical features in children of infection caused by the influenza A2 variant A/Victoria/3/75.", "content": "Clinical features in children of infection caused by the influenza A2 variant A/Victoria/3/75.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018494"}
{"pmid": "1018495", "title": "Early diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis.", "content": "Early diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018495"}
{"pmid": "1018497", "title": "Hydrocephalus in infancy.", "content": "Hydrocephalus in infancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018497"}
{"pmid": "1018496", "title": "Changing patterns of paediatric diseases in Singapore.", "content": "Changing patterns of paediatric diseases in Singapore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018496"}
{"pmid": "1018508", "title": "Byssinosis and airway responses due to exposure to textile dust.", "content": "Byssinosis and airway responses due to exposure to textile dust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018508"}
{"pmid": "1018509", "title": "Effect of low concentrations of sulfur dioxide on respiratory function in man.", "content": "Effect of low concentrations of sulfur dioxide on respiratory function in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018509"}
{"pmid": "1018510", "title": "Carboxyhemoglobin levels in fire fighters.", "content": "Carboxyhemoglobin levels in fire fighters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018510"}
{"pmid": "1018511", "title": "Reaction following allergen inhalation via mouth and via tracheal tube on dogs.", "content": "Reaction following allergen inhalation via mouth and via tracheal tube on dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018511"}
{"pmid": "1018512", "title": "Lung volumes in healthy boys and girls, 6 - 15 years of age.", "content": "Lung volumes in healthy boys and girls, 6 - 15 years of age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018512"}
{"pmid": "1018513", "title": "Obstruction of small airways in patients after acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Obstruction of small airways in patients after acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018513"}
{"pmid": "1018524", "title": "Brief guide to office counseling: marihuana and sex.", "content": "Brief guide to office counseling: marihuana and sex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018524"}
{"pmid": "1018530", "title": "Omental torsion.", "content": "Omental torsion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018530"}
{"pmid": "1018559", "title": "Acoustic study of /i,u/ in the Spanish diphthong.", "content": "Acoustic study of /i,u/ in the Spanish diphthong.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018559"}
{"pmid": "1018557", "title": "Pronominal usage, cohesion and explicitness in working-class speech: towards an evaluative technique.", "content": "Pronominal usage, cohesion and explicitness in working-class speech: towards an evaluative technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018557"}
{"pmid": "1018561", "title": "A normative study of children's listening rate preferences.", "content": "A normative study of children's listening rate preferences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018561"}
{"pmid": "1018564", "title": "The effect of mandibular nerve block upon the speech of four-year-old boys.", "content": "The effect of mandibular nerve block upon the speech of four-year-old boys.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018564"}
{"pmid": "1018560", "title": "Frequency and availability in the encoding of spontaneous speech.", "content": "Frequency and availability in the encoding of spontaneous speech.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018560"}
{"pmid": "1018558", "title": "The relationship between self-rating of expressed inclusion and speaking time.", "content": "The relationship between self-rating of expressed inclusion and speaking time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018558"}
{"pmid": "1018562", "title": "The duration of intervocalic stops in Ceylon Tamil.", "content": "The duration of intervocalic stops in Ceylon Tamil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018562"}
{"pmid": "1018566", "title": "Facilitating the disappearance of perceptual error to the Poggendorff illusion.", "content": "Facilitating the disappearance of perceptual error to the Poggendorff illusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018566"}
{"pmid": "1018563", "title": "Elicited imitation and production of language by severely subnormal children.", "content": "Elicited imitation and production of language by severely subnormal children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018563"}
{"pmid": "1018565", "title": "Language and play: a study of the relationship between functions and structures in the language of five year old children.", "content": "Language and play: a study of the relationship between functions and structures in the language of five year old children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018565"}
{"pmid": "1018621", "title": "The alkaloids of Strychnos dolichothyrsa.", "content": "The alkaloids of Strychnos dolichothyrsa. In the stem bark of Strychnos dolichothyrsa Gilg ex Onochie et Hepper (Loganiaceae) the following alkaloids were found: bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine, bisnor-C-curarine, bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine N-oxide and bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine di-N-oxide. Tentatively, two alkaloids were identified as bisnor-C-alkaloid D and 18-deoxy Wieland-Gumlich aldehyde. Bisnor-dihydrotoxiferine seems to give dichlorometho compounds and N-oxides easily, analogous with strychnine and brucine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018621"}
{"pmid": "1018623", "title": "Thebaine in tissue culture of Papaver bracteatum Lindl, population Arya II.", "content": "Thebaine in tissue culture of Papaver bracteatum Lindl, population Arya II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018623"}
{"pmid": "1018635", "title": "An exploratory multi-level attempt to investigate intrapersonal and interpersonal patterns of 20 Athenian families.", "content": "An exploratory multi-level attempt to investigate intrapersonal and interpersonal patterns of 20 Athenian families. The present study is an attempt to explore patterns of family relationships in the context of milieu specific value and role assumptions and to capture the trends in relation to social change. Information collected includes intrapsychic as well as interpersonal material elicited by a combination of tools administered individually and conjointly. The revealed patterns -- extreme emphasis on the future achievement of the child as a shared family goal, the mother's central role which was shown to inhibit constructive processes, the distant marital relationship, and scapegoating of the child because of denied marital difficulties -- are shown to create conflict and tension in all members and render cooperation and decision-making difficult. It is attempted to interpret the above-mentioned patterns in the light of traditional value and role assumptions. The analysis seems to indicate that the adherence to the dysfunctional patterns appears to serve the function of preserving stability of the family in a period of transition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018635"}
{"pmid": "1018636", "title": "The relationship between marital status and mental illness.", "content": "The relationship between marital status and mental illness. The relationship between marital status and mental illness was investigated in a relatively new psychiatric hospital in the Mid-Western State of Nigeria. The results showed a different pattern from what has been reported from other studies. In this study, it was found that single persons had the largest number of referrals, followed closely by married persons. The widowed and divorced had a relatively small number of referrals. There were more male than female patients and there were also sex and age variations in the type of mental disorders. The explanation for this could be related to the social structure of the population, and the legal and social definitions of the concepts of marriage and divorce. It was not possible, because of lack of relevant population data, to compare the hospital rates with those in the population at large. Future work along this line and for over a longer period is suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018636"}
{"pmid": "1018637", "title": "A quest for purpose in psychic research.", "content": "A quest for purpose in psychic research. Metapsychiatry is a term born of necessity to designate the important but hitherto unclassified interface between psychiatry and mysticism. By \"mysticism\" the author means phenomena experienced by the senses but not explainable by the intellect. Examples of such phenomena are dreams, ESP, faith healing and so forth. The author believes that such phenomena were endowed by nature as life preserving functions. Thus, precognition is a sort of psychic radar, warning an individual of impending danger; dreams are a safety valve for potentially psycholytic repressions; and faith is an important element in the healing process. Such phenomena are probably a primitive acquisition, latent in all of us. They should not be treated merely as divine manifestations requiring no further explanations. Scientists must seek rational answers, and physicians should seriously consider using gifted, reputable psychics as paramedical aides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018637"}
{"pmid": "1018622", "title": "Antineoplastic agents. 42. The butterfly, Prioneris thestylis.", "content": "Antineoplastic agents. 42. The butterfly, Prioneris thestylis. Isoguanine (2) was found to be an antineoplastic constituent of Prioneris thestylis Dbldy. wings. Three other purine components of the butterfly wings were identified as hypoxanthine (3), uric acid (4) and xanthine (5). Isolation of urocanic acid (6) from the same wing material represented the first detection of this interesting histidine derivative in an arthropod.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018622"}
{"pmid": "1018638", "title": "Anthropological perspectives on population growth.", "content": "Anthropological perspectives on population growth. Rapid population growth affects many different system levels simultaneously: the individual, the family, the community, the nation-state and the world. What may appear to be an optimal population level for one system, given certain value premises, may not be optimal for another. Anthropologists can contribute to an understanding of rapid growth by generating an appreciation for the complexity of the phenomenon, and by providing representation for a range of cultural viewpoints. This may help to reduce the risk we now run of committing all of mankind to a singular path which may prove to be an evolutionary dead end.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018638"}
{"pmid": "1018639", "title": "School psychological emergency interventions proposal for guidelines based on recent Israeli experience.", "content": "School psychological emergency interventions proposal for guidelines based on recent Israeli experience. The Yom Kippur War and its stressful aftermath created a number of special psychological effects in Israeli schools. During that period mental health and counseling services were available and made use of in the educational system. Extensive experiences permit an attempt to delineate guidelines for future school psychological emergency interventions. These guidelines rest on the supposition that the planning and delivery of professional emergency interventions resemble those governing routine mental health services in a number of crucial aspects. Firstly, the need for an educated anticipation of problems, their kinds, their ecology and other characteristics. Schematically, three categories of emergency reactions could be expected in schools: shock and grief, and other acute disturbances; fear and its psychological concomitants; confusion, perplexity, and their attitudinal accompaniments. It is noted that the stressful event can also generate positive effects. Secondly, the necessity for a preliminary, on the spot, assessment of psychological affliction in any specific emergency case. Such examination should be done against the background of the total emergency situation (locally and country-wide), as well as the chronic characteristics of the particular school or system. Third, the requirement for deliberate planning of the intervention program. In this phase, judgements have to be made about the recipients of the aid, the methods of help and the levels at which professional services will be extended. Fourth, the consideration of important clinical and community psychological principles during the execution of the program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018639"}
{"pmid": "1018640", "title": "Short-term intervention: a model of emergency services for times of crisis.", "content": "Short-term intervention: a model of emergency services for times of crisis. This paper approaches 'crisis' in system terms. The analysis is applied broadly to organization and community systems, as well as to personality and small-group systems. Based primarily on current developments in Israel, it is written from the viewpoint of a community social worker. Using public health theory, the author develops a model of three distinct types of social service systems: Restorative (traditional), Curative (crisis-intervention in the literature of therapy), and Preventive. He goes on to elaborate both the general characteristics of these service systems and the particular emergency-oriented contribution each can make in times of community-wide crisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018640"}
{"pmid": "1018641", "title": "Cultural perspectives on the range of human behavior.", "content": "Cultural perspectives on the range of human behavior. Traditional societies provide a homogeneous world view for everyone, encouraging people to work towards specific objectives. Lack of flexibility in the culturally defined ways of reaching these objectives creates considerable distress for individuals. In rapidly changing urban settings, unlimited modalities create the anxieties which in turn lead people to search for security in unsuitable patterns of belief and behavior. Others tolerate uncertainty better if the culture assisted them in developing skills for becoming involved in short term immediate objectives without having to mortgage the present for a vague future. In our own society recent reorientation towards a traditional type fatalism and a de-emphasis on the Puritan work ethic reflects a marked value shift which may stultify many, much as it fosters increased individualization among others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018641"}
{"pmid": "1018642", "title": "Alcoholism as a political problem in Chile.", "content": "Alcoholism as a political problem in Chile. Chile has a very serious alcohol problem. 20% of the population over 15 years of age are problem drinkers, - 15% are excessive drinkers, and 5% are alcoholics. Excessive drinking, particularly inebriety, is considered to be the core of the alcohol problem. During Allende's government, there was an increasing concern for the national patterns of drinking. Workers began to become conscious that drinking seriously limited social and political participation. And patterns of alcohol abuse among men predict stimulated conservative attitudes in women. This paper discusses the concept of alcoholism as a disease, considering that alcohol addiction is a part of a wider problem, alcohol culture, which, in the context of the situation in Chile in 1972, had to be seen ideologically as opposed to the revolutionary process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018642"}
{"pmid": "1018643", "title": "Space, territory and psychiatry.", "content": "Space, territory and psychiatry. Space and territory have been the hidden dimensions of human and other animal life. Beginning with studies reported in animals, and incorporating the few formal studies and several informal observations of man, this paper explains the importance of mastering the unwritten rules of space and territory which differ with individual cultures in relation to the behavioral aberrations possibly resulting from the disrupted territoriality of modern urban life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018643"}
{"pmid": "1018644", "title": "A medical model vs. a normative approach: the place of values in community psychiatry.", "content": "A medical model vs. a normative approach: the place of values in community psychiatry. Based on a series of consultations with the staff in a mental hospital, which followed staff-patient meetings, the point of view taken derives from Scheff's 'social system' model, according to which psychiatric symptoms are considered as labelled violations of social norms, and mental illness is considered as a social role. It was found that in a somewhat cyclical succession, patient deviance was followed by the staff's spontaneous moral indignation. But thanks to the intervention of a medical idelogy, this was channelled and transformed into an impersonal, value free, non-judgemental reaction. It seems that as a first step towards humanizing their relationships with patients, the staff must be prepared to engage in a clarification and definition of their moral convictions. A major therapeutic goal should be to help de-moralized people, called mental patients, to acquire a new sense of morality and self-responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018644"}
{"pmid": "1018645", "title": "Priorities in paediatrics.", "content": "Priorities in paediatrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018645"}
{"pmid": "1018646", "title": "The obstetrician's dilemma.", "content": "The obstetrician's dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018646"}
{"pmid": "1018647", "title": "Prognosis in early rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Prognosis in early rheumatoid arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018647"}
{"pmid": "1018648", "title": "Perinatal implications of the respiratory distress syndrome.", "content": "Perinatal implications of the respiratory distress syndrome. Major advances in the prevention and treatment of the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) have occurred. Since 1970 there has been a fall in the mortality rate but not in the incidence. Persistence of the disorder could be partly accounted for by the increasing practice of elective delivery in normal pregnancies. In 1974 and 1975, 28 (25%) of babies with RDS were delivered this way and six died. The major problem appeared to be mistaken gestational age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018648"}
{"pmid": "1018649", "title": "Post-infarction cardiac rupture.", "content": "Post-infarction cardiac rupture. Three allied conditions are described in this paper: (i) haemopericardium with cardiac rupture (5 cases); (ii) haemopericardium without rupture (2 cases); (iii) pseudoaneurysm (1 case). In the first 2 of these, the significant features were clinical deterioration with shock 3 or more days after infarction, recurrent cardiac pain, cardiac tamponade, and immediate or later ineffectiveness of counterpulsation. An additional feature in the second group was the development of haemopericardium after heparin therapy. In the third group, infarction followed by left ventricular failure and progressive cardiac enlargement was the significant feature. An apical systolic murmur was not present, as a false sac had not been formed. Ante-mortem diagnosis depends upon an appreciation of these features. Without it successful surgery is impossible. There were 4 survivors in this group of 8 patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018649"}
{"pmid": "1018650", "title": "Diverticular disease of the colon and megacolon. Incidence in a psychiatric centre compared with a teaching hospital.", "content": "Diverticular disease of the colon and megacolon. Incidence in a psychiatric centre compared with a teaching hospital. A five-year survey of hospital admissions at a modern mental hospital reveals a rarity in the incidence of diverticular disease of the colon and its complications and a greatly increased frequency of idiopathic megacolon and its complications compared with patients admitted to a general hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018650"}
{"pmid": "1018651", "title": "Smoking in nurses.", "content": "Smoking in nurses. An anonymous questionnaire requesting information on smoking habits was administered to 220 randomly chosen trainee and registered nurses (159 females and 61 males). There was no significant difference between the proportion of male nurses (55-7%) and the proportion of males (45-0%) in the Australian sample who smoked. However, the 52-2% of female nurses smoking was significantly greater than the 29-0% reported for the Australian female population. There was some indication that the increased smoking in female nurses reflected a response to stress. Further analysis showed that nursing personnel were giving up smoking at the same rate as the general Australian sample.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018651"}
{"pmid": "1018652", "title": "A functional assessment of total knee replacement in the arthritic patient.", "content": "A functional assessment of total knee replacement in the arthritic patient. The aims of knee replacement are to provide freedom from pain and a return to a resonable level of function. A survey was undertaken to determine the functional advantages of knee replacement and problems that may still be encountered by the patient. The results of the survey highlighted certain advantages and problem areas. It also pointed out the seemingly greater functional value of the knee replacement in those patients who had no problems in other joints.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018652"}
{"pmid": "1018653", "title": "Angiomatous osteolysis of the skull vault.", "content": "Angiomatous osteolysis of the skull vault. A case is reported of angiomatous osteolysis of the calvarium. This condition normally affects long bones and there is only one previous report in literature of massive osteolysis of the skull. The clinical, radiological and pathological implications of this condition are considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018653"}
{"pmid": "1018654", "title": "Common problems in paediatric anaesthesia.", "content": "Common problems in paediatric anaesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018654"}
{"pmid": "1018655", "title": "The medical undergraduate programme at McMaster University: learning epidemiology and biostatistics in an integrated curriculum.", "content": "The medical undergraduate programme at McMaster University: learning epidemiology and biostatistics in an integrated curriculum. The medical undergraduate programme at McMaster University is a three-year integrated course in which major emphasis is placed upon self-directed, problem-based learning. Group tutorials are the major meeting place for students, and there are very few formal lectures. In this paper we describe the curriculum in broad outline and the way in which epidemiology and biostatistics have been incorporated into it in the past seven years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018655"}
{"pmid": "1018657", "title": "Nocturnal enuresis.", "content": "Nocturnal enuresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018657"}
{"pmid": "1018656", "title": "Transfusion therapy of thrombocytopania.", "content": "Transfusion therapy of thrombocytopania.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018656"}
{"pmid": "1018658", "title": "The management of hand injuries.", "content": "The management of hand injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018658"}
{"pmid": "1018659", "title": "Pernicious anaemia, duodenal ulcer and the gastric mucosa.", "content": "Pernicious anaemia, duodenal ulcer and the gastric mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018659"}
{"pmid": "1018660", "title": "Position statement on alcohol.", "content": "Position statement on alcohol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018660"}
{"pmid": "1018661", "title": "White sponges and surgical wound illumination.", "content": "White sponges and surgical wound illumination. A study has been made of the effect of glare in the surgeon's field of vision from reflected light associated with white surgical sponges. Reflected light increases by as much as 226% with the use of white sponges. Standardized measurements indicate that this glare reduces visual acuity, darkens colour interpretation and fatigues the surgeon. A suggested solution is to slightly darken the colour of surgical sponges.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018661"}
{"pmid": "1018662", "title": "Residual disability after industrial hand injuries. A review of 218 patients.", "content": "Residual disability after industrial hand injuries. A review of 218 patients. The case records of 218 patients with residual hand disability were reviewed. Sixty-six per cent had significant stiffness of the digital joints (metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal); 25% had amputation of part or whole of the digit; 33% of these had troublesome neuromata; 7% had residual numbness; 25% had more than one operation on their injured hand. The average age of the patients was 44 years. The average time off work was 10 weeks. The average experience in the job before injury was six years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018662"}
{"pmid": "1018663", "title": "Reducing hospital readmission rates among schizophrenics.", "content": "Reducing hospital readmission rates among schizophrenics. Most schizophrenics become in-patients in State mental hospitals, and most improve on neuroleptic medication and are rapidly discharged. The majority require long-term medication; the single most important factor in maintaining remission. This paper describes a mirror-image study using patients as their own controls, and demonstrates the highly significant differences in hospitalization before and after the administration of a depot phenothiazine. It highlights the need for vigorous and determined out-patient follow-up. It is suggested that the costs of an adequately staffed clinic are still small when compared with the costs of hospitalization. Subgroups of poor drug-responders, sex differences, variations in side effects and frequency of administration of the depot drug require further evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018663"}
{"pmid": "1018664", "title": "Urinary sodium, potassium and creatinine excretion in hypertensive and normotensive Australians.", "content": "Urinary sodium, potassium and creatinine excretion in hypertensive and normotensive Australians. Studies were made in urine obtained from people attending for routine measurement of blood pressure in a screening programme. Subjects with diastolic blood pressure between 95 and 109 mm Hg excreted significantly more sodium than the group with diastolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg. Urine volumes, potassium excretion and creatinine excretion did not differ significantly between the groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018664"}
{"pmid": "1018665", "title": "Antibody to parietal cells in patients with duodenal ulcer, and relationship to pernicious anaemia.", "content": "Antibody to parietal cells in patients with duodenal ulcer, and relationship to pernicious anaemia. Of 160 patients with pernicious anaemia, none had current duodenal ulceration, whereas in a random population of similar age and sex distribution some 5% would be expected to have a duodenal ulcer. Parietal-cell antibody was detected in serum from 8 of 169 men (4-7%) and from 2 to 31 women (6-4%) with duodenal ulceration. None of the 200 duodenal ulcer patients had antibody to intrinsic factor. The prevalence of these antibodies in duodenal ulcer patients was not significantly different from that in control subjects of similar age and sex distribution. The decreased prevalance of duodenal ulcer in pernicious anaemia patients implies that pernicious anaemia must be less prevalent in duodenal ulcer patients than in a random population; but it appears that this cannot be attributed to an absence of gastric autoimmunity in patients with duodenal ulcer. To resolve this disrepancy, we suggest that pernicious anaemia is determined not only by autoimmune reactions, but also by independent genetic and environmental factors which influence the state of the gastric mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018665"}
{"pmid": "1018666", "title": "Human pulmonary dirofilariasis associated with pleural effusion.", "content": "Human pulmonary dirofilariasis associated with pleural effusion. Tuberculosis, untreated pneumonia and other chest infections were excluded as possible causes of histological features observed in patient who had been discovered in a chest X-ray survey. Pleural effusion was eventually attributed to a dirofilarial granuloma found in a small pulmonary artery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018666"}
{"pmid": "1018667", "title": "Enuresis--an approach to the established problem.", "content": "Enuresis--an approach to the established problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018667"}
{"pmid": "1018668", "title": "Enuresis.", "content": "Enuresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018668"}
{"pmid": "1018670", "title": "The management of nocturnal enuresis.", "content": "The management of nocturnal enuresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018670"}
{"pmid": "1018669", "title": "The Medical Register of South Australia for 1976.", "content": "The Medical Register of South Australia for 1976. An analysis of the Register of Medical Practitioners and specialists of South Australia for 1976 shows that South Australia has a more favourable doctor-population ratio than other parts of Australia, although some specialities and rural areas are undersupplied. With the planned increase in the output of doctors, the State may soon be saturated and some adjustments may have to be made in the numbers of students accepted and/or the distribution of graduates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018669"}
{"pmid": "1018671", "title": "Diagnosis of giardiasis.", "content": "Diagnosis of giardiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018671"}
{"pmid": "1018672", "title": "Spironolactone and acute moutain sickness.", "content": "Spironolactone and acute moutain sickness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018672"}
{"pmid": "1018673", "title": "Manslaughter by heat stroke. Medical comment.", "content": "Manslaughter by heat stroke. Medical comment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018673"}
{"pmid": "1018674", "title": "Manslaughter by heat stroke. A note on the trial.", "content": "Manslaughter by heat stroke. A note on the trial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018674"}
{"pmid": "1018675", "title": "A case of manslaughter by heat-stroke.", "content": "A case of manslaughter by heat-stroke. In the course of his treatment by a herbalist who had undertaken to cure his disability, a mildly spastic retarded four-year-old child was immersed in a heap of fermenting horse manure for 40 minutes. He was unconscious when removed and died two days later despite intensive care in a children's hospital. When medical aid was sought a false history was given and the true nature of the child's illness, heat stroke, was not determined until after death. The herbalist was subsequently convicted of manslaughter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018675"}
{"pmid": "1018676", "title": "The Brisbane floods, January 1974: their impact on health.", "content": "The Brisbane floods, January 1974: their impact on health. In the 12 months following the Brisbane flood of 1974, 234 flooded families (695 persons) and 163 non-flooded families (507 persons) were interviewed to ascertain changes in health status. We found that the number of visits to general practitioners, hospitals and specialists were all significantly increased for flooded persons in the year following the flood. Persistent psychological symptoms, which included irritability, nervous tension and depressed mood, predominated in those seeking medical care, and the consumption of sleeping tablets and psychotropic drugs rose. Increased psychological symptoms were significantly more common in female than in male flood victims and significantly more common in both sexes than increased physical complaints. There was no increase in mortality after the flood. The incidence of psychiatric symptoms was directly related to dissatisfaction with help received.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018676"}
{"pmid": "1018679", "title": "Principles of the role of general practitioner obstetricians and specialists in obstetric care.", "content": "Principles of the role of general practitioner obstetricians and specialists in obstetric care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018679"}
{"pmid": "1018677", "title": "Freshwater drowning and near-drowning accidents involving children: a five-year total population study.", "content": "Freshwater drowning and near-drowning accidents involving children: a five-year total population study. A large total population study of childhood fresh water immersion accidents is reported. The study was undertaken in the City of Brisbane over the five-year period 1971 to 1975 inclusive, and 111 fresh water immersion accidents involving children were studied and analysed. The childhood fresh water immersion accident rate, including drowning and near-drownings, of 10-43 per year per 100,000 at risk (fatality rate of 5-17) is the highest reported. If an unsupervised child gets into difficulties in fresh water and loses consciousness he has a 50% chance of dying. The immersion accident rate has doubled over the last six years. Age-specific immersion accident rates have been calculated, and have revealed that, in the toddler group (12 months to 23 months), the fresh water immersion accident rate is 50-01 per 100,000 (fatality rate of 22-55). Rates for drowning and near-drowning accidents after a fresh water immersion, by site, age and outcome (survival versus fatality), are also presented for the first time. Swimming pools produce 6-20 immersion accidents per year per 100,000 children at risk, and the domestic family bath tub produces 1-78. Possible factors explaining the high incidence are discussed, and comparisons of drowning rates from other centres are made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018677"}
{"pmid": "1018681", "title": "Cystinuria.", "content": "Cystinuria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018681"}
{"pmid": "1018678", "title": "Attitude change: be reasonable, do it my way.", "content": "Attitude change: be reasonable, do it my way. Governing most of medical practice are our attitudes towards people, policies, and procedures. This article considers attitude components and models of attitude change. Some consequences are discussed as a conceptual survival kit for hospital staff, in the hope that as we become more aware of how we form attitudes, we will be less inhibitory to healthy change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018678"}
{"pmid": "1018680", "title": "Problems for small group discussion: the \"slices of cake\" question.", "content": "Problems for small group discussion: the \"slices of cake\" question.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018680"}
{"pmid": "1018684", "title": "Carbon dioxide-dependent Staphylococcus aureus.", "content": "Carbon dioxide-dependent Staphylococcus aureus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018684"}
{"pmid": "1018683", "title": "Thrombosis--perspective on a major side effect of oral contraceptives.", "content": "Thrombosis--perspective on a major side effect of oral contraceptives. Michael Briggs (Journal, August 28, 1976) has claimed that the author, who previously published a review of thrombosis and oral contraceptives (Journal, May 2, 1976), subsequently discovered that the evidence for such an association is not  ''completely watertight.''  The author replies that he was well aware of this at the time of publication of the review and justifies his especial criticism of a Puerto Rican study finding no thrombosis-pill association by reviewing the manner  in which the data were gathered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018683"}
{"pmid": "1018682", "title": "Oral hypoglycaemic agents--dangers and contraindications.", "content": "Oral hypoglycaemic agents--dangers and contraindications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018682"}
{"pmid": "1018685", "title": "The sensitivity of urinary pathogens seen in a private pathological practice.", "content": "The sensitivity of urinary pathogens seen in a private pathological practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018685"}
{"pmid": "1018701", "title": "ECG telephone transmission for monitoring pacemakers and cardiac arrhythmias.", "content": "ECG telephone transmission for monitoring pacemakers and cardiac arrhythmias. A network of ECG telephone transmission has been established which uses simple and inexpensive equipment, and which is aimed particularly at arrhythmia monitoring. Hospitals in areas remote from major medical centers are able to transmit to the Toronto General Hospital for expert advice. 400 patients in their homes may transmit to any of these hospitals for monitoring of pacemaker function or intermittent cardiac arrhythmia. Any patients in the Toronto General Hospital not admitted for a cardiac problem may be monitored via telephone by the expert nurses in the coronary care unit if a cardiac arrhythmia should arise. Equipment for the system has been carefully designed to minimize cost and to make it simple to use, particularly for the old or infirm patients in their homes. Transmissions between hospitals meet American Heart Association specifications for ECG recording. Transmissions of arrhythmias from patients' homes are carried out with a reduced low-frequency response. Expert cardiologists find both transmissions acceptable for their particular purpose. Standards should be set for simple, economic transmission systems as well as for those meeting the most stringent criteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018701"}
{"pmid": "1018700", "title": "The plasma scalpel.", "content": "The plasma scalpel. The plasma scalpel simultaneously cuts tissue and cauterizes blood vessels measuring 3 mm in diameter with a small, hot (3000 C) gas jet. In animal studies, the amount of hemorrhage has been shown to be less with the plasma scalpel than with steel or electrosurgical scalpels, and incisions have healed without complications. Amount of damaged tissue is limited. Human trials are under way, and the device shows promise as a clinical tool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018700"}
{"pmid": "1018702", "title": "Improving the efficiency of a tubular membrane oxygenator.", "content": "Improving the efficiency of a tubular membrane oxygenator. The development of a tubular membrane oxygenator is described. Fine silicone rubber tubes are inserted into a large silicone rubber tube and sealed. Oxygen is blown through the fine tubes, blood flows through the large tube, and the gases are exchanged through the wall of the fine tubes. The efficiency of the device is improved by increasing the gas pressure, which is followed by bubble formation in the blood, and which is therefore unacceptable. By arranging the inside tubes in a wavy pattern and by repeatedly stretching them the efficiency is increased without side effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018702"}
{"pmid": "1018715", "title": "The relation between audition and vision in the human newborn.", "content": "The relation between audition and vision in the human newborn. Four studies were conducted to investigate the relation between audition and vision in the human newborn. In all four studies visual activity was recorded with infrared corneal-reflection technqiues in 1- to 4-day-old infants. Study 1 concerned the effects of sound at midline on scanning in darkness and in a lit but formless field. In the dark compared to light, newborns maintained better eye control, centralized fixations, scanned with smaller eye movements, scanned less dispersely, and were wider-eyed. In a blank field, sound caused newborns to maintain better eye control, centralize fixations, scan with small eye movements, constrain fixations, and be wider-eyed than in silence. Sound had little effect on scanning in the dark beyond constraining fixations. Study 2 concerned the effects of sound at midline on scanning vertical and horizontal edges. Visual activity was different for the two visual stimuli. While viewing a vertical rather than a horizontal edge, newborns maintained better eye control and fixated closer to the position of the vertical edge. Newborns crossed the position of the horizontal edge when that edge was present. Sound affected scanning in general, centralizing fixations for newborns not already looking centrally, but sound did not affect the frequency of edge crossing. Study 3 concerned the effects of laterally presented sound on scanning spatially consonant or dissonant vertical bars. The major finding was that infants were sensitive to the spatial property of sound. Infants shifted fixations first toward and then gradually away from sound. Study 4 was an attempt to determine whether there is an effort constraint on the simultaneous functioning of auditory and visual systems. The effects of two differentially salient sounds on scanning two differentially salient visual stimuli were examined. Although the results appeared to support the idea of an effort constraint, the data were accounted for parsimoniously in terms of the spatial influence of sound of scanning. The data on visual activity were discussed in terms of the presence of inherent information-acquisition routines in the newborn. It was concluded that sound influences visual epistemic behavior even at birth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018715"}
{"pmid": "1018716", "title": "Acid-soluble purine and pyrimidine derivatives in cow's milk produced on normal feed and almost protein-free-feed with urea as the main nitrogen source.", "content": "Acid-soluble purine and pyrimidine derivatives in cow's milk produced on normal feed and almost protein-free-feed with urea as the main nitrogen source. In two groups of Ayrshire cows (group I normal feeding with protein, group II got mostly urea as N-source), the TCA-soluble purine and pyrimidine derivatives of the milk were determined quantitatively. The O.D. [U/I] at pH 7-5 and 260 nm was higher in group II than in group I. The difference in N-nutrition of the animals has no influence on the composition of the purine and pyrimidine fractions investigated, especially with regard to orotic acid, uric acid, and CMP. At early stages of lactation the contents of CMP and uric acid were relatively high, but decreased with longer time of lactation. In opposition to this the orotic acid content increased in the same period. These tendencies could be registered in both groups. Besides CMP, uric acid, and orotic acid the minor nucleotides, NAD, AMP, GMP, UMP and others have been determined quantitatively. Their maximum has been found at the beginning of the lactation period and, in general, their contents were higher in group II than in group I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018716"}
{"pmid": "1018718", "title": "Pharmacologic aspects of pentamidine.", "content": "Pharmacologic aspects of pentamidine. Pentamidine is an aromatic diamidino compound synthesized originally for the therapy of trypanosomiasis. The pharmacologic effects of pentamidine vary, depending on its route of administration. In animals, the dominant effects have been a precipitous, transitory drop in blood pressure after injection and renal toxicity following repeated administration. To avoid the possibility of immediate toxic reactions associated with iv administration, we now usually give the drug im to humans. Further interest in pentamidine has been stimulated by its usefulness in the treatment of interstitial pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis carinii. In some patients receiving antineoplastic or immunosuppressive therapy who have superimposed P. carinii pneumonia, pentamidine may cause serious renal toxicity. Distribution and excretion studies in animals indicate pentamidine is deposited in tissues, with the greatest concentration in the kidneys, and gradually eliminated over a prolonged period. The mechanism of action of pentamidine against P. carinii or the means whereby fixation in tissues and subsequent toxicity occur have not been elucidated. Recent investigations to help clarify these points indicate that pentamidine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase in all tissues studied both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, pentamidine interacts and forms water-insoluble products with specific nucleotides and nucleic acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018718"}
{"pmid": "1018728", "title": "Postural hypotension in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Etiopathology.", "content": "Postural hypotension in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Etiopathology. Postural changes in blood pressure were recorded in all 391 patients suffering from Parkinson's syndrome over a period of six years. Intraarterial blood pressure studies were carried out in those with significant postural hypotension. Histological examination of the entire central nervous system and the sympathetic ganglia was performed in six patients suffering from idiopathic Parksinson's disease. Five of the six patients had Lewy bodies in the sympathetic ganglia. Loss of nerve cells was noted in the sympathetic ganglia in those patients that demonstrated postural hypotension. The severity of the lesions in the ganglia correlated with the severity of postural hypotension in idiopathic Parkinson's disease, One case of Shy-Drager syndrome was similarly studied to demonstrate the differences in spinal cord and sympathetic ganglia lesions in the two conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018728"}
{"pmid": "1018730", "title": "Dynamic studies of growth hormone and prolactin secretion in the female rat.", "content": "Dynamic studies of growth hormone and prolactin secretion in the female rat. Blood samples were removed via chronic intra-atrial cannulae every 15 min in female rats during the estrous cycle, the last week of pregnancy, parturition and suckling. Growth hormone (GH) secretion during the estrous cycle is characterized by episodic release, occurring approximately once hourly. The surges in GH increase during the last 3-4 days of gestation, and rise to high levels during delivery and with suckling. Prolactin (PRL) shows minimal fluctuations during the estrous cycle, except for a prominent pulsatile surge during proestrus. PRL rises 4-6 h prior to parturition and declines during delivery. These studies provide a basis for further studies on the dynamics of GH and PRL secretion in the female rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018730"}
{"pmid": "1018731", "title": "Changes in the nuclear volume of rat hypothalamic neurons in old age.", "content": "Changes in the nuclear volume of rat hypothalamic neurons in old age. Nuclear volumes (NV) of neurons in the preoptic are (POA), suprachiasmatic nucleus (SC), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SO), anterior hypothalamic area (AHA), arcuate nucleus (ARN), ventromedial nucleus (VMN), dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) and lateral mammillary nucleus (ML) were measured in 3.5- to 5-month-old female and male rats and in old female and male rats over 22 months of age. Young adult female rats had larger NV than males in the neurons of all measured areas except for the SC during estrus and the ARN. NV of the hypothalamic neurons of female rats decreased in old age in all measured areas except for the VMN of rats exhibiting prolonged vaginal cornification (PVC). Old male rats showed decreased NV only in the neurons of the SC, SO and ML. The extent of NV decrease of the hypothalamic neurons was not similar in different areas. The sexual difference in neuronal NV in most of the areas disappeared in old age. Only the POA of rats with PVC and the ML of old female rats had larger NV than those of old male rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018731"}
{"pmid": "1018732", "title": "Effect of sulpiride on plasma prolactin in rats.", "content": "Effect of sulpiride on plasma prolactin in rats. I.v. injection of sulpiride (S; 0.5-20 mug/100 g b.w.) caused a significant and dose-related increase in plasma prolactin (Prl) levels in urethane-anesthetized rats, with peak values occuring 10 min after the injection. L-dopa administration (2 mg/100 g b.w., i.v.) significantly blunted plasma Prl response to S(1 mug/100 g b.w., i.v.). S injection (1 mug/rat) into a lateral ventricle also raised plasma Prl significantly. Hypothalamic destruction resulted in a prominent increase of basal plasma Prl, which increased further following the injection of S. These results suggest that S stimulates Prl secretion by its possible direct action on the anterior pituitary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018732"}
{"pmid": "1018733", "title": "Vasopressin and oxytocin content of microdissected hypothalamic areas in rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus.", "content": "Vasopressin and oxytocin content of microdissected hypothalamic areas in rats with hereditary diabetes insipidus. Vasopressin was virtually absent from 5 microdissected hypothalamic areas and from the posterior pituitary glands of homozygous Brattleboro rats. The oxytocin concentration was normal in all these areas except for the arcuate nucleus, where it was absent. These results support the concept that Brattleboro rats have a specific defect in biosynthesis of vasopressin. The significance of the absence of oxytocin from the arcuate nucleus in these rats remains to be determined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018733"}
{"pmid": "1018734", "title": "Hypothalamic region and pathways responsible for adrenocortical response to surgical stress in rats.", "content": "Hypothalamic region and pathways responsible for adrenocortical response to surgical stress in rats. Surgical stress produced no increase in the plasma corticosterone level in rats with complete deafferentation of the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH). 30 min after surgical stress, the adrenocortical response depended on the integrity of a well-circumscribed region of the hypothalamus: the lateral-basal region of the retroachiasmatic area (RCAL) that lies not more than 0.5 mm caudally from the optic chiasma and is about 0.2 mm high. One week after transsection of this region, surgical stress produced no elevation of plasma corticosterone; the effect of the operation was independent of whether various combinations of other regions and pathways to the MBH were left intact. In contrast, high plasma corticosterone levels were found after surgical stress with all kinds of hypothalamic deafferentation when the basal region of the RCAL was not transected. The possible origin of neuronal fibres running through the RCAL is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018734"}
{"pmid": "1018736", "title": "Model of exchange barrier and respiratory surface area in the lung of the tortoise (Testudo graeca) and its practical application.", "content": "Model of exchange barrier and respiratory surface area in the lung of the tortoise (Testudo graeca) and its practical application.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018736"}
{"pmid": "1018737", "title": "Histochemical localization of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and succinic dehydrogenase activities in the epidermis of the freshwater teleost, Amphipnous cuchia (Hamilton) (Symbranchiformes, Pisces).", "content": "Histochemical localization of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, and succinic dehydrogenase activities in the epidermis of the freshwater teleost, Amphipnous cuchia (Hamilton) (Symbranchiformes, Pisces).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018737"}
{"pmid": "1018879", "title": "Lipids of human and equine smegma.", "content": "Lipids of human and equine smegma. The lipids of human and equine smegma pools were saponified and the total fatty acids submitted to temperature programmed gas chromatography (GC) analysis. In contrast to the human products, the horse smegma fatty acids contained very low odd saturated as well as olefinic branched chain acid contents. The cyclopropane fatty acid, 9,10-methyleneoctadecanoic acid, occurred in smegma sampled from men over 35 years of age but could not be detected in the pool from persons of 17-20 years of age nor in any of the equine mixtures. The alcoholic fraction from horse smegma contained about 85% sterol, the remainder constituting alcohols of C12 to C28 and of which 43.5% were branched chain components. The corresponding product from human smegma was primarily sterol. Squalene comprised the main hydrocarbon present in smegma of either species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018879"}
{"pmid": "1018880", "title": "The ultrastructure of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the human tuba uterina.", "content": "The ultrastructure of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the human tuba uterina. A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the human oviduct was studied by light and transmission electron microscopy. Cells contained abundant mitochondria, bound and free ribosomes, prominent Golgi's bodies and aggregates of membrane-bound dense bodies. The small glandular lumina with numerous microvilli were generally devoid of cilia and contained secretory material. The neoplasm was ultrastructurally similar to poorly differentiated ovarian serous carcinomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018880"}
{"pmid": "1018883", "title": "Metamorphic changes in Anuran muscles following thyroxine treatment.", "content": "Metamorphic changes in Anuran muscles following thyroxine treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018883"}
{"pmid": "1018884", "title": "Development and growth of the tooth germs of rats.", "content": "Development and growth of the tooth germs of rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018884"}
{"pmid": "1018885", "title": "Regeneration of olfactory bioplar neurons in the normal olfactory epithelium of the adult bat.", "content": "Regeneration of olfactory bioplar neurons in the normal olfactory epithelium of the adult bat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018885"}
{"pmid": "1018882", "title": "Survival data from a multiphasic mobile cancer detection unit.", "content": "Survival data from a multiphasic mobile cancer detection unit. Individuals with early cancer rarely have symptoms, through it is at this state that the best prognosis can be afforded. 22 out of 5,232-patients screened in a Mobile Cancer Detection Unit (MCDU) received cancer diagnosis (exclusive of skin cancer). These patients have enjoyed much greater survival than expected. For instance, only three have died versus and expected 7.5. Calculations show that if all cancer patients in the United States had a similar increase in survival, then the lives of at least 120,000-persons could be extended each year. These limited data must be interpreted cautiously. Nevertheless, they do hold promise since only a few percentage points increase in survival when measured against the full impact of the cancer problem will show significant patient benefit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018882"}
{"pmid": "1018886", "title": "Electron microscopic study on the newt parathyroid gland after administration of agents affecting autonomic nerves.", "content": "Electron microscopic study on the newt parathyroid gland after administration of agents affecting autonomic nerves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018886"}
{"pmid": "1018887", "title": "Immunization of mice and calves against Salmonella dublin with attenuated live and inactivated vaccines.", "content": "Immunization of mice and calves against Salmonella dublin with attenuated live and inactivated vaccines. Previous findings, viz. that mice can be successfully immunized against infection with Salmonella dublin with either live or inactivated vaccine, were confirmed. Immunity lasted for at least 12 weeks in mice which had been immunized with inactivated alum-precipitated vaccine. The immunogenicity of inactivated vaccine gradually decreased on storage at 4 degrees C, but this was only detectable if a single injection was used for immunization: 2 injections virtually eliminated this phenomenon. The immunogenicity of live vaccine in mice was not enhanced by levamizole or the simultaneous injection of inactivated organisms. Both live and inactivated vaccines provided immunity in calves. A single injection of lyophilized vaccine, prepared from live rough Salmonella dublin strain (HB 1/17),protected 3 out of 6 calves, while 2 injections of a formalin-inactivated, alum-precipated vaccine, containing 1% packed cells of S. dublin strain 2652 V, protected 5 out of 6 calves against intraduodenal challenge with 2 x 10(9), S. dublin strain 2652 V. Two calves which had been immunized with an inactivated oil adjuvant vaccine were also solidly immune to this challenge. Serum antibody response in calves was poor when measured by the tube agglutination and the haemagglutination tests. Similarly, the sera had only marginal protective values when tested by means of a passive protection test in mice. Antibody titres alone are not a valid measure therefore, for the immune status of immunized animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018887"}
{"pmid": "1018888", "title": "The isolation of Mycoplasms synoviae from chickens with infectious synovitis and air-sacculitis in the Republic of South Africa.", "content": "The isolation of Mycoplasms synoviae from chickens with infectious synovitis and air-sacculitis in the Republic of South Africa. Mycoplasma synoviae was isolated from the trachea of chickens showing either typical infectious synovitis lesions or air-sacculitis. M. synoviae was identified by means of the direct plate fluorescent antibody technique and its growth-dependence on nicotine-amide-adenine dinucleotide. This is the first documented report on the isolation and identification of M. synoviae in the Republic of South Africa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018888"}
{"pmid": "1018881", "title": "Pharmacokinetic studies in the chemotherapy of neuroblastoma using the C1300 murine system.", "content": "Pharmacokinetic studies in the chemotherapy of neuroblastoma using the C1300 murine system. The transplantable C1300 murine neuroblastoma has been characterized biochemically and an in vivo model for the screening of new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of neuroblastoma developed. Subcutaneous inoculation of A/J mice with 10)6) C1300 cells results in predictable tumor growth and animal death in 25 +/- 4 days. Tumor growth is Gompertzian, correlates with increases in tumor RNA and DNA content and with the rate of tumor DNA synthesis as measured by [3H] thymidine incorporation. The model proposed is based on the degree to which various therapeutic options are able to inhibit tumor DNA synthesis, and these observations have been confirmed autoradiographically. A single course of either cyclophosphamide (25, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg), BCNU (2, 7.5, 15, or 30 mg/kg) or cytosine arabinoside (15, 30, 60, 90 mg/kg) resulted in dose-related inhibition of tumor DNA synthesis. The maximum decline in DNA synthesis that was produced by the highest dose of each agent was by 81%, 77% and 68% of untreated tumor values respectively. Adriamycin, however, even at lethal levels (10 mg/kg), did not elicit significant inhibition of tumor DNA synthesis. Radiotherapy (200 R, 500 R or 1000 R) also produced graded inhibition of tumor DNA synthesis. This model is potentially useful for the preclinical screening of therapuetic options in the treatment of neuroblastoma. Thus, single agent therapy, combination chemotherapy and combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be rapidly evaluated for possible clinical use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018881"}
{"pmid": "1018889", "title": "Studies on schistosomiasis. 8. The influence of age on the susceptibility of sheep to infestation with Schistosoma mattheei.", "content": "Studies on schistosomiasis. 8. The influence of age on the susceptibility of sheep to infestation with Schistosoma mattheei. Twenty-eight Dorper wethers, allocated according to age into 4 groups of 7 animals each, and 1 group of 7 Merino wethers, were compared for susceptibility to Schistosoma mattheei infestation. The group mean ages of the Dorper sheep varied from 5-61 months and their live mass from 25-66 kg, while the Merinos were 8 months old and had a mean mass of 19 kg. Despite the marked differences in the age and live mass of the Dorper sheep and the inclusion of 2 breeds in the experiment, no statistically significant differences were found in cercariae which failed to penetrate the sheep the mean percentage development of cercariae to adult worms, worm distribution in the mesenteric and gastric radicles of the portal vein and the pulmonary arterial system, and worms not removed by perfusion. Significant differences between groups (5% significance level) were found, however, in the number of worms recovered from the hepatic portal system, and in the worm sex ratio. On 3 occasions the total number of eggs excreted per female schistosome in the mesentery per 24 hours differed significantly between groups, but each time a different group or groups of sheep were responsible for the variation which was probably due, therefore, not to the age or breed of the sheep, but to daily variations in individuals. Highly significant differences occurred in the infectivity of the 6 cercarial pools used for infestation in spite of standardized collection and handling of the cercariae. Possible reasons for this are discussed and a solution suggested. Frequent egg counts (5 per sheep per week) were done during the first 25 days of patency, until the sheep were slaughtered. Schistosome ova were detected in the faeces of only 1/18 sheep examined on Day +43 after infestation, and 3/17 on Day +44, whereafter this increased rapidly to 15/34 on Day +45, 25/33 on Day +46, etc. A highly significant correlation was found between the total worm egg excretion in the faeces of the sheep per day and the numbers of female schistosomes in the mesentery, especially shortly after the onset of egg production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018889"}
{"pmid": "1018890", "title": "Observations on the transmission, immunology, clinical signs and chemotherapy of dourine (Trypanosoma equiperdum infection) in horses, with special reference to cerebro-spinal fluid.", "content": "Observations on the transmission, immunology, clinical signs and chemotherapy of dourine (Trypanosoma equiperdum infection) in horses, with special reference to cerebro-spinal fluid. This paper is a record of observations on the transmission and clinical signs of dourine in naturally infected cases of known duration, and of temporal and quantitative aspects of the immune response in blood and cerebro-spinal fluid. Included in the record are observations on the presence of Trypanosoma equiperdum parasites in these body fluids and methods for their detection. There is evidence that the occurrence of nervous symptoms and lesions in infected horses is associated with the presence of Trypanosoma equiperdum parasites in cerebro-spinal fluid. The suitability of cerebro-spinal fluid as an environment for the parasite and its relationship with nervous manifestations of the disease are discussed. Observations support the previously reported lesions of peripheral polyneuritis and suggest a possible correltation between the consitstent position of the nervous lesions and the drainage of cerebro-spinal fluid containing the parasite. Chemotherapy with an experimental drug MSbE was used with varying results in 4 horses at different stages of infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018890"}
{"pmid": "1018891", "title": "Maldronksiekte in cattle: a neuronopathy caused by Solanum kwebense N.E. Br.", "content": "Maldronksiekte in cattle: a neuronopathy caused by Solanum kwebense N.E. Br. A neurological disease of cattle (maldronksiekte), occurring in a localized area of the Northern Transvaal, was experimentally reproduced by feeding Solanum kwebense plants to cattle. The disease is characterized by temporary loss of balance and transient epileptiform seizures precipitated by a variety of stimuli, such as exercise, handling (dipping, loading, etc) and fright. When not disturbed, most affected animals appear to be completely normal. The most conspicuous histopathological lesion is a neuronopathy manifested by vacuolar degeneration and eventual necrosis of neurones, particularly of the Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. An atrophy of the cerebellar cortex is seen grossly. The history, clinical signs and experimental reproduction of the disease, as well as the pathology of 4 experimental and 18 natural cases, are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018891"}
{"pmid": "1018892", "title": "Cerebral babesiosis in a new-born calf.", "content": "Cerebral babesiosis in a new-born calf. A case of intra-uterine transmission of Babesia bovis is reported. The calf was born normally but showed signs of intravascular haemolysis and nervous involvement 24 h after birth. It died shortly afterwards from cerebral babesiosis. The dam was not clinically affected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018892"}
{"pmid": "1018943", "title": "The cardiac conduction system in sudden infant death syndrome: a report on three cases.", "content": "The cardiac conduction system in sudden infant death syndrome: a report on three cases. The cardiac conduction systems in three cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) were compared with those in children dying from known causes. Foci of inflammatory cells and areas of necrosis were found in SIDS. Lymphocytes and eosinophils were counted in the adjacent myocardium and significantly larger numbers were present in SIDS. These parhological changes in the conduction systems may be capable of producing cardiac arrhythmia and sudden death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018943"}
{"pmid": "1018945", "title": "Mycobacterium fortuitum spinal infection: case report.", "content": "Mycobacterium fortuitum spinal infection: case report. Acute paraplegia followed a vertebral infection with Mycobacterium fortuitum. There was a satisfactory response to surgery and antibiotics. No predisposing factors for this primary bone infection could be found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018945"}
{"pmid": "1018947", "title": "Diagnosis: hairy cell leukemia.", "content": "Diagnosis: hairy cell leukemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018947"}
{"pmid": "1018944", "title": "Routine freezing of red blood cells for transfusion in Western Australia.", "content": "Routine freezing of red blood cells for transfusion in Western Australia. Experience with preservation of red cells for transfusion since 1971 has shown that refrigeration with liquid nitrogen is simple and reliable. It allows the use of a concentration of glycerol (20%) which can reasonably be removed by batch-washing if automated washing is not possible. It is possible to transport cells frozen in liquid nitrogen over long distances. This appears the method of choice for preserving rare blood, and once adopted for this purpose it is logical to use it for storage of red cells for other patients. Red cells so stored are similar in many respects to fresh cells, and more than 600 units have been transfused since 1971 without any adverse reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018944"}
{"pmid": "1018948", "title": "Antibody detection and identification in a hospital blood bank.", "content": "Antibody detection and identification in a hospital blood bank. A six-year serological survey has demonstrated that an average of 2.2% per annum of individuals requiring compatibility testing possessed antibodies de novo and that the frequency for individuals forming antibodies following transfusion is 4.1%. The increased detection rate from 1.5% (1969) to 4.1% (1971-5) was almost entirely due to the sensitivity of the two-stage papain technique; a total of 124 antibodies were detected only in this test. Three of these enzyme-active antibodies were found to be the cause of mild haemolytic transfusion reactions. Since 60% of the listed 332 alloantibodies were Rh-specific, the transfusion of appropriately Rh phenotyped blood is strongly recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018948"}
{"pmid": "1018946", "title": "Cerebrospinal fluid fructose-biphosphate aldolase (aldolase) activity in infectious diseases of the central nervous system.", "content": "Cerebrospinal fluid fructose-biphosphate aldolase (aldolase) activity in infectious diseases of the central nervous system. Aldolase levels were estimated in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with infectious diseases of the central nervous system. A significant rise was found in bacterial and cryptococcal meningitis but the investigation failed to elucidate the source and clinical significance of the elevated activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018946"}
{"pmid": "1018949", "title": "Hereditary elliptical stomatocytosis: a case report.", "content": "Hereditary elliptical stomatocytosis: a case report. The case described demonstrates the development of elliptical stomatocytosis in a neonate and the appearance of elliptical stomatocytes in her mother whose blood film, before delivery, showed elliptocytosis. Further investigations on both individuals indicated a mild haemolytic anaemia. To our knowledge this is the second reported case of elliptical stomatocytosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018949"}
{"pmid": "1018950", "title": "The detection of myoglobin in urine and its application to the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.", "content": "The detection of myoglobin in urine and its application to the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. An indirect haemaglutination method was developed for the immunochemical detection of myoglobin in human urine. Myoglobin was found in the urine of 84% of 44 patients with acute myocardial infarction. In contrast, it was detected in the urine of 2.7% of 147 control subjects and in none of a control group of 15 patients who had received intramuscular injections. In patients with myocardial infarction, myoglobin was detected in most but not all urine specimens collected between 10 and 50 hours after the onset of chest pain. The results suggest that the detection of myoglobin in urine may be a valuable addition to present tests for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018950"}
{"pmid": "1018951", "title": "Bone marrow metastases in disseminated alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: case report with ultrastructural study and review.", "content": "Bone marrow metastases in disseminated alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: case report with ultrastructural study and review. A case of desseminated alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in an 18-year-old male with leuco-erythroblastic anaemia is described. Numerous bizarre malignant cells, including frequent multinucleated giant cells, were seen in bone marrow aspirates, and osteolytic lesions appeared late in the clinical course. The primary site of the neoplasm remained undertermined during life and also at necropsy, which revealed minute pulmonary metastases and extensive lymph nodal, pleural and skeletal deposits. The diagnosis was confirmed on necropsy tissue by ultrastructural examination which demonstrated numerous thin (5 nm) and thick (15 nm) intracytoplasmic filaments in tumour cells, sometimes organized in bundles; scattered dense Z-band-like bodies, and rod-shaped structures were also seen. The fine structure of the rhabdomyosarcoma in the present case is compared with previous ultrastructural studies. Elongated, thick intracytoplasmic filaments whose diameter corresponds to that of myosin myofilaments are strong evidence for rhabdomyoblastic differentiation and are considered to be the sine qua non of a positive electron microscopic diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma. Orgaized bundles of filaments and Z-band-like dense bodies are usually present, and rod-shaped structures are found infrequently, but none of these are necessary for the ultrastructural diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018951"}
{"pmid": "1018975", "title": "Preliminary considerations on the identity of first and second-type alveolar cells in the human lung.", "content": "Preliminary considerations on the identity of first and second-type alveolar cells in the human lung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018975"}
{"pmid": "1018990", "title": "End stage renal failure with syndrome of \"malignant\" hypertension in scleroderma. Report of a case treated by bilateral nephrectomy.", "content": "End stage renal failure with syndrome of \"malignant\" hypertension in scleroderma. Report of a case treated by bilateral nephrectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1018990"}
{"pmid": "1019057", "title": "Management of thyroid disease: with particular reference to thyroid nodules.", "content": "Management of thyroid disease: with particular reference to thyroid nodules. A host of expensive thyroid tests and operations could be avoided if aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules were more widely accepted by American physicians. The procedure is both an accurate diagnostic tool and an effective treatment of many thyroid nodules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019057"}
{"pmid": "1019058", "title": "Introduction: hip and leg problems in children.", "content": "Introduction: hip and leg problems in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019058"}
{"pmid": "1019059", "title": "Congenital hip dislocation: before and after walking age.", "content": "Congenital hip dislocation: before and after walking age. Residual morbidity from congenital dislocation of the hip is for the most part preventable. Prevention is possible, however, only by establishing the diagnosis early and undertaking treatment which leads to stable reduction and avoids complications. To attain these goals, hip examination whould be a routine part of all newborn care. When dislocation is found in a newborn and early treatment initiated, the anatomic abnormalities are minimal, the dislocation is rasily reduced, and the treatment is simple. When diagnosis and treatment are delayed, the soft-tissue and bony abnormalities  become established and therapy becomes more complicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019059"}
{"pmid": "1019060", "title": "Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.", "content": "Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease affects children, mostly boys, in the age range of 3 to 12 years. Severity and duration are quite variable. Catterall's classification of disease according to degree of femoral head involvement is of real prognostic value. Other factors of prognostic importance are loss of motion, metaphyseal cysts, subluxation and extrusion, and involvement of the epiphyseal plate, all of which are associated with poor results. Patients with Catterall group I involvement require no specific treatment as long as motion is normal. For patients under 6 years of age with group II involvement, specific efforts to contain the femoral head do not appear to bb indicated. In all other patients, maximum effort should be made to achieve containment of the femoral head and maintain full range of motion. Surgery has been used for reconstruction and as an alternative method of containment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019060"}
{"pmid": "1019061", "title": "Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: long-term results.", "content": "Slipped capital femoral epiphysis: long-term results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019061"}
{"pmid": "1019062", "title": "Anteversion of the femur.", "content": "Anteversion of the femur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019062"}
{"pmid": "1019063", "title": "Rotational problems of the lower extremity.", "content": "Rotational problems of the lower extremity. Rotational abnormalities in the lower extremities are common in the growing child, but they seldom represent any serious handicap in adult life. When confronted with such a problem, the physician should carefully rule out any underlying pathologic abnormality and should approach the problem in a step-wise fashion. The component parts of the lower extremity should be examined carefully and individually to assess their role in the rotational problem.  The usual causes of internal rotation problems, or toeing in, are metatarsus adductus, internal tibial torsion, and femoral anteversion. External rotation problems are infrequent and pose fewer problems. These include calcaneovalgus, external rotation of the tibia, and external rotatory contractures of the lower extremity. The natural history of these conditions favors improvement with time. However, some patients may require conservative treatment, such as stretching and splints. Rarely, a patient may require surgical intervention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019063"}
{"pmid": "1019064", "title": "Menstrual problems of the adolescent.", "content": "Menstrual problems of the adolescent. Pubertal changes occur at a constant rate and in a particular sequence; deviations are indicative of possible menstrual problems. Such problems include precocious puberty, amenorrhea, menstrual irregularity, cramps, and premenstrual tension. Of those patients with menstrual irregularity, 10% to 15% will have chronic conditions requiring lifelong treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019064"}
{"pmid": "1019065", "title": "Causes of sexual dysfunction.", "content": "Causes of sexual dysfunction. Sexual problems can be classified as related to (1) desire, (2) arousal and penetration, (3) orgasm, and (4) subjective assessment. The usual cause of sexual dysfunction is psychosocial, eg, past conditioning, inadequate communication and cooperation between sexual partners. Possible organic or psychiatric causes should be ruled out, however.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019065"}
{"pmid": "1019066", "title": "Vitamin preparations: proper use in medical practice.", "content": "Vitamin preparations: proper use in medical practice. The prescription of vitamin preparations as dietary supplements should be limited to specific instances of need and should be accompanied by appropriate measures to correct poor diets. Similarly, specific vitamins in therapeutic amounts should be prescribed only in the presence of vitamin deficiencies or increased requirements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019066"}
{"pmid": "1019067", "title": "The general internist: an academic viewpoint.", "content": "The general internist: an academic viewpoint. The general internist is more than a physician possessing the sum of knowledge of the medical subspecialities. He or she must have distinct personal attributes and management skills as well as the traditional diagnostic and treatment capabilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019067"}
{"pmid": "1019068", "title": "Traumatic injuries: office treatment of eye injury. 1. Injury due to foreign materials.", "content": "Traumatic injuries: office treatment of eye injury. 1. Injury due to foreign materials. Patients with eye injuries caused by foreign materials are often seen by the primary physician. The causative agents may be foreign objects, noxious liquids or vapors, ultraviolet irradiation, or contact lenses. Injuries caused by foreign bodies that do not penetrate the outer coats of the eye can be treated by the nonspecialist; the intraocular presence of an object requires prompt referral to an ophthalmologist. Ultraviolet light irradiation and contact lenses worn for a prolonged period cause a great deal of pain to the eye but injury is not serious and the eye heals well. Injury from chemicals may be moderate or severe; if pain and functional impairment persist after copious irrigation of the eye with sterile saline solution, the patient should be referred to an ophthalmologist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019068"}
{"pmid": "1019069", "title": "Community medicine. Triage-a new look at an old French concept.", "content": "Community medicine. Triage-a new look at an old French concept. Triage involves making judgments as to type and extent of injury. It is begun at the scene of any injury or whenever a patient enters into a health care system. Subsequently, each patient is reevaluated at different stages of care. In recent years a number of mathematical models have been developed to describe patients with multiple injuries, to evaluate emergency care, and to predict the outcome of trauma. While these grading indexes clearly are not flawless, they are helpful tools in determining priority of care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019069"}
{"pmid": "1019070", "title": "Straight back syndrome.", "content": "Straight back syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019070"}
{"pmid": "1019071", "title": "Immunization practice: some important guidelines.", "content": "Immunization practice: some important guidelines. The right of patients (parents) to know, in detail, the risks inherent in immunization procedures is an important issue. There is legal precedent for holding a physician or drug manufacturer liable for hazards inherent in immunizing materials even if no negligence is involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019071"}
{"pmid": "1019072", "title": "The spectrum of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.", "content": "The spectrum of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The state of differentiation of the lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a factor that appears to correlate with the presence and severity of clinical manifestations of the disease and with the incidence of complications. Among drug regimens proposed to date, the most efficacious in poorly differentiated disease appear to be the three- and four-drug combinations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019072"}
{"pmid": "1019073", "title": "Response of laying hens to a low salt diet.", "content": "Response of laying hens to a low salt diet. Two experiments were conducted with commercial Leghorn-type hens in advance state of production (16 months of age) to determine response to a 16% protein, corn-soy diet with no added salt. There was an immediate and significant decline in feed consumption. Body weight decreased significantly. After 14 days, there were no ova in the rapidly maturing stage. The ovary may have been reduced in size but apparently was not regressed. Egg specific gravity was significantly reduced but egg weight was unaffected. Egg production dropped to 0% in 17-21 days. On the return of 0.25% salt to the diet, recovery as measured by production rate was initiated immediately with production reaching 79% in 16 days compared to a pre-experimental production of 68%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019073"}
{"pmid": "1019075", "title": "A cephalic influence on gastric motility upon seeing food in domestic turkeys (Melagris gallopavo), great-horned owls (Bubo virginianus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis).", "content": "A cephalic influence on gastric motility upon seeing food in domestic turkeys (Melagris gallopavo), great-horned owls (Bubo virginianus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). Strain gage transducers were permanently implanted on the muscular stomachs of 13 turkeys, 3 great-horned owls and 2 red-tailed hawks to monitor gastric motility before, during and after eating. Following fasting, the sight of food resulted in significant increases in gastric contractile activity in all three species. Gastric motility further increased when the birds were allowed to eat. In raptors, however, a brief interruption in gastric motility occurred immediately after eating. This is apparently analogous to receptive relaxation which occurs in the stomach of mammals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019075"}
{"pmid": "1019074", "title": "Variable rachitogenic effects of grain and alleviation by extraction or supplementation with vitamin D, fat and antibiotics.", "content": "Variable rachitogenic effects of grain and alleviation by extraction or supplementation with vitamin D, fat and antibiotics. Three experiments were conducted using day-old broiler type chicks to determine the effect of different cereal grains on vitamin D3 utilization and to investigate the effects of rye, corn, wheat and triticale as the cereal grain component of the diets on the development of a rachitic condition in chicks. Rye was submitted to acid treatment and water extraction in an attempt to destroy or isolate the rachitogenic factor. Results showed that with chicks fed a diet containing 200 I.U. of vitamin D3 with corn as the grain, mineralization of their bones was normal. Growth and bone ash were depressed when rye replaced corn in the diet. These effects were partially reversed when either fat or procaine penicillin was added to the diet, and comppletely prevented with a high level of vitamin D3 (2,000 I.U./kg.). In another experiment, triticale depressed bone ash even though it did not affect body growth to the same extent as rye. Our results indicate that the factor responsible for the rachitogenic condition of rye-fed chicks can be removed by water extraction of this grain or partially destroyed by acid autoclaved treatment. A combination of acid autoclaved treatment and penicillin supplementation prevented the depression in bone ash.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019074"}
{"pmid": "1019076", "title": "The use of bile salts to improve absorption of tallow in chicks, one to three weeks of age.", "content": "The use of bile salts to improve absorption of tallow in chicks, one to three weeks of age. Apparent fat absorption was 39.6 and 68.2% in chicks 4-7 and 14-19 days of age, respectively, fed purified-type diets with 8.2% tallow (TLW). Cholic acid (C.A.), chenodesoxycholic acid (Ch.A.) and taurocholate, sodium salt (T.A.) at .025 and .05% increased significantly the apparent absorption of fat by 8.4 percentage units in chicks 4-7 days of age, and as much as 10 percentage units in chicks 14-19 days of age. No significant increase in metabolized energy of diets was detected. C.A. was fed to S.C.W.L. hens at graded levels up to .2% in corn-soy diets containing either 4 or 8% TLW or hydrogenated soybean oil. No improvement in fat absorption or M.E. was detected in these hens which absorbed 86-89% of the fat. The data indicate that bile salts appear to be effective in improving the absorption of saturated-type fats only in young chicks whose absorptive mechanism for fat is not fully developed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019076"}
{"pmid": "1019077", "title": "Fertility of frozen chicken semen after intravaginal and intrauterine inseminations using various concentrations and equilibration times of dimethylsulfoxide and a range of freezing and thawing rates.", "content": "Fertility of frozen chicken semen after intravaginal and intrauterine inseminations using various concentrations and equilibration times of dimethylsulfoxide and a range of freezing and thawing rates. The use of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a cryoprotective agent for freezing chicken semen was examined with respect to intravaginal (I.V.) and intrauterine(I.U.) inseminations. Semen diluted in DMSO was subjected to various freeze rates, equilibration times and thawing rates. Various concentrations of DMSO were examined as was the effect of diluting DMSO with phosphate buffer and Lake's solution. There was no significant (p greater than 0.05) effect of rate of freeze (ranging from 1.3 degrees C to 7.2 degrees C. per min) on fertility. However, rapid thawing in an ice bath resulted in a longer (p less than 0.05) duration of fertility than thawing at 1 degree C. per min., but had no effect on percent fertility during duration or percent hens fertile. Equilibration time and concentration of DMSO had no significant (p greater than 0.05) effects on fertility. There was no interaction between insemination route and Lake's solution vs. phosphate buffer with respect to duration of fertility. It was concluded that intrauterine (I.U.) insemination resulted in superior fertility to intravaginal (I.V.) inseminations with semen frozen in DMSO.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019077"}
{"pmid": "1019078", "title": "Calcium balance in the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). 1, Influence of sex and diethylstilbestrol.", "content": "Calcium balance in the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). 1, Influence of sex and diethylstilbestrol. Young adult male and laying female quail, fed with a diet containing 2.64% Ca and 0.70% P, were used to study nutritive utilization, corporal calcium retention and endogenous excretion, calcemia, laying and properties of the egg (including the shell structure), mineralization of the femur bone, as well as the influence of diethylstilbestrol upon these parameters. The coefficient of nutritive utilization (C.N.U.) in the female was high and logically superior to that of the male, while the corporal retention was quite similar for both sexes. Most of the Ca absorbed (81.8%) and not excreted in urine, went to the egg and only 18.2% remained in the body. The diethylstilbestrol caused a big reduction of the C.N.U. in the female, but not in the male, parallel to an inhibition of laying, and an increase of corporal retention of used calcium. In both sexes the calcemia surprisingly increased, and the calcium level of the femur bone was higher, and even though the cortical osseous zone was slightly wider, the effect of treatment was noticeable, particularly in the medular tissue, which incremented in the female and appeared in the male. When quail were fed a calcium-restricted diet, the endogenous excretion of this mineral was small in the case of the female and significantly smaller in the male. This situation suppressed egg laying and resulted in a clearly decreased bone mineralization. The ingestion of diethylstilbestrol before feeding a diet poor in calcium provoked an increase of the endogenous excretion of calcium in both female and male quail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019078"}
{"pmid": "1019079", "title": "The responses of chicks to ammonium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium sulphates and to ammonium and potassium carbonates.", "content": "The responses of chicks to ammonium, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium sulphates and to ammonium and potassium carbonates. The responses of chicks of 14 days of age to increasing levels of dietary anions and cations were investigated in two experiments. Major reductions in weight gains per chick and in gain:feed ratios were observed in chicks as levels of dietary sulphate, with ammonium or potassium cations, were increased from 0 through 5 g. per 100 g. diet. Sodium sulphate had a similar but smaller effect. Calcium and magnesium sulphates  increased weight gains and gain:feed ratios at low levels of dietary inclusion. The relative effect of anion and cation were studied in the second experiment. Potassium carbonate  reduced weight gains  and gain:feed ratio to a greater degree than potassium sulphate; however the higher dietary levels of ammonium carbonate had little effect on chick growth responses in contrast to the major reductions obtained in  response to ammonium sulphate. There were no differences between responses of strains of chicks within experiments. None of the salts were lethal at the levels fed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019079"}
{"pmid": "1019081", "title": "Behavioral and physiological studies of seizures induced by systemic injection of metrazol in chickens.", "content": "Behavioral and physiological studies of seizures induced by systemic injection of metrazol in chickens. The influence of systemically administered Metrazol on behavior, electroencephalogram and body temperature has been studied in young and adult chickens. Distinct convulsions were induced by 30--50 mg./kg. Metrazol administered intravenously in adults: they consisted of an initial excited state, a tonic convulsion accompanied with opisthotonos, and finally, convulsive movements. During recovery from these convulsions, three distinct behaviors were observed: violent peck-like movement, watchful state and finally panting behavior. All of the birds receiving higher intravenous doses (60--100 mg./kg.) exhibited vigorous convulsions immediately after injection and death occurred in 100% of the birds receiving these doses. An intraperitoneal injection of 75--100 mg./kg. Metrazol produced typical convulsions in young and adult chickens. At these doses, convulsions consisted of an initial excited state, a tonic convulsion accompanied with opisthotonos, and convulsive movements which involved clonic and tonic phases. The threshold for evoking typical convulsions with intraperitoneal injection ranges between 50 and 60 mg./kg. Metrazol in young chickens. The intravenous threshold doses for evoking high amplitude (1--2 mV.) in the EEG of adult chickens was 60 mg./kg. Metrazol. High intraperitoneal doses of Metrazol(75-100 mg./kg.) produced typical spikes with large amplitude which were synchronous in the two hemispheres in both young and adult chickens. There was a marked increase in body temperature within 10 minutes after injection in all cases of 50 mg./kg. intravenous dose: maximum increase (at 40 min.) was 1.5 degrees C. as compared with controls, however, it decreased rapidly with panting behavior. The highest does (100 mg./kg.) produced a maximum increase in body temperature of 3 degrees C. Discussion of epileptic seizure susceptibility to Metrazol in aves, in the light of phylogenesis, is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019081"}
{"pmid": "1019080", "title": "Effect of DDE, DDT and calcium on the performance of adult Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).", "content": "Effect of DDE, DDT and calcium on the performance of adult Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of DDE, DDT and calcium on performance of quail. The quail received diets containing 0 or 100 p.p.m. of DDE for eight 28-day periods in Exp. 1 and 0, 100 or 300 p.p.m. of DDE or 100 p.p.m of DDT for six periods in Exp. 2. Diets containing either 0.5 or 3% calcium were used with each pesticide level. No differences in egg shell thickness, cracked eggs, egg production, feed consumption, egg weights, female body weights, fertility or hatchability were obtained from DDE or DDT up to 100 p.p.m.  Three hundred p.p.m. of DDE did result in a decrease in female body weights and in fertility on the low calcium diet. Egg shell thickness, cracked eggs, egg production and hatchability were affected by the lower calcium level. Male body weights were adversely affected from 100 p.p.m. or more of DDE. Mortality increased as the level of DDE increased for females, while no effect was observed with DDT. Males appeared more sensitive to 100 p.p.m. of DDE in Exp. 1 and 300 p.p.m of DDE and 100 p.p.m. of DDT in Exp. 2. Livability and growth of chicks from hens receiving rations containing DDE AND DDT were unaffected by maternal treatment. In summary, DDE and DDT were without effect on egg shell quality or most other reproductive factors, but DDE at 300 p.p.m. did exert a detrimental effect on adult body weights, fertility and mortality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019080"}
{"pmid": "1019082", "title": "Body temperature and blood chemistry responses in broiler cockerels given a single intravenous injection of Na+ or Ca++ before an acute heating episode.", "content": "Body temperature and blood chemistry responses in broiler cockerels given a single intravenous injection of Na+ or Ca++ before an acute heating episode. Eight-week-old broiler cockerels were injected intravenously with avian saline containing additional Na+ as NaCl or Ca++ as CaCl2. After the injections half of the chickens were heated at 45 degrees C. and the others were maintained at 24 degrees C. Cloacal body temperatures were determined and blood samples were collected before heat exposure and at 30 minute intervals until the chickens had been heated for 120 minutes. Na+ did not affect body temperature of chickens in the 24 degrees C. environment, but Na+-treated chickens in the 45 degrees C. environment had significantly elevated body temperatures compared to the heated controls. Ca++ caused a significant decrease in body temperature of the non-heated chickens, but it was without effect in heated chickens. Neither Na\" nor Ca++ altered the responses of plasma glucose, cholesterol, and calcium during the heating episode. However, Ca++ caused a significant rise in plasma inorganic phosphate in non-heated chickens and prevented the rapid decline in the heated chickens. Na+ caused a significant fall in plasma inorganic phosphate in non-heated chickens, but it did not alter the plasma phosphate response to acute heat stress. The present experimental resultn chickens in a moderate temperature environment, and suggests that Ca++ initially exerts a peripheral rather than a central effect in decreasing the body temperature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019082"}
{"pmid": "1019083", "title": "Thy hydrolysis of phytate phosphorus by chicks and laying hens.", "content": "Thy hydrolysis of phytate phosphorus by chicks and laying hens. The chromic oxide balance method was used to determine the amount of natural phytate phosphorus hydrolyzed by chicks and laying hens. Broiler chicks 4 and 9 weeks old and Single Comb White Leghorn hens were fed diets containing corn as the only grain source or diets in which wheat replaced one half of the corn. Feces were collected twice daily during the 7-day test period. The phytate phosphorus recovered in the feces of the 4 and 9 week old chicks and the laying hens fed the diet containing corn was 100, 98, and 92%. When wheat replaced one half of the corn the recovery was 92, 87 and 87%. The phytase activity in wheat was minimal in vivo; whereas, in vitro tests indicated enzyme activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019083"}
{"pmid": "1019084", "title": "Studies on the enteric absorption of selenium in the chick using localized coccidial infections.", "content": "Studies on the enteric absorption of selenium in the chick using localized coccidial infections. Studies were conducted to determine the primary loci of gastrointestinal absorption of inorganic selenium in the chick using radiotracer techniques and Eimeria sp. infections of known site specificity for the gastrointestinal tract. Results showed that coccidial infections in the anterior regions of the small intestine reduced selenium absorption and potentiated selenium deficiency among chicks fed critical levels of the mineral. Absorption experiments showed that selenium absorption was greatest in the duodenum and anterior ileum, although selenium was bound at least transiently to tissues in the gizzard and crop. It is concluded from these experiments that dietary inorganic selenium is absorbed primarily in the duodenum and anterior ileum. Factors such as enteric disease which disrupt the integrity of the anterior intestinal mucosa can, therefore, reduce the absorption of selenium and other nutrients absorbed in that region, resulting in a potentiation of nutritional deficiencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019084"}
{"pmid": "1019085", "title": "Effects of 1,3-butanediol and 1,2-propanediol on growth, blood metabolites, and liver glycogen broiler chickens.", "content": "Effects of 1,3-butanediol and 1,2-propanediol on growth, blood metabolites, and liver glycogen broiler chickens. Control diets, and diets containing 4% 1,3-butanediol (BD), 8% BD, 4% 1,2-propanediol (PD) and 8% PD were offered ad libitum to broilers from 1 to 28 days of age. Body weight gain and feed intake were recorded, and plasma metabolites and liver glycogen were measured. When compared to the control diet, the synthetic compounds depressed (p less than 0.01) growth at the 4% level, but the effect was more pronounced (p less than 0.01) at the  8% level. The test compounds had no effect (p less than 0.05) on the efficiency of feed utilization. Four percent BD elevated (p less than 0.01) plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate concentrations, and the ratio of beta-hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate. The influence was more pronounced at the 8% level; PD did not affect (p greater than or equal to 0.05) ketone body concentrations. Neither BD, nor PD caused changes (p greater than or equal to) in plasma glucose, free fatty acids, cholesterol, or liver glycogen. Results are discussed with reference to feeding these compounds to monogastric and ruminant animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019085"}
{"pmid": "1019086", "title": "Accumulation and depletion of dieldrin in visceral fatty tissue of broilers.", "content": "Accumulation and depletion of dieldrin in visceral fatty tissue of broilers. White rock chicks were fed a commercial crumbles ration with approximately 1.0 p.p.m. of the active ingreient of technical grade dieldrin added to it. The treated feed was replaced by uncontaminated feed at various times from two to eight weeks of age. Equations were computed to describe the accumulation and depletion of the insecticide in visceral adipose tissue. Accumulations in females were described by polynomial equations with significant quadratic coefficients which indicated that the rate of accumulation leveled off between six and eight weeks. Accumulation rates in males were essentially linear through ten weeks. After removal of dieldrin from the feed, insecticide depletion from fat could be described in both sexes by equations for power curves. Replacement of contaminated feed with uncontaminated feed by two or three weeks of age resulted in concentrations at control or background levels by eight weeks of age. Replacement of contaminated feed with non-contaminated feed at ages later than three weeks did not bring concentrations below those acceptable as non-hazardous for human consumption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019086"}
{"pmid": "1019087", "title": "Studies on the daily protein and amino acid needs of broiler breeder hens.", "content": "Studies on the daily protein and amino acid needs of broiler breeder hens. Feeding trials were conducted with broiler breeder hens to determine optimum daily intake of protein for maximum performance. Pullets were grown to 24 weeks of age on limited feed intake to maintain the body weight within the limits suggested by the breeder. A controlled-feeding system was used during the laying period with step-wise increase in calorie intakes. In the first study corn-soybean type diets were used to supply 14 to 22 grams of protein/day in 2 gram increments. In the second study daily protein intakes of 14.5 to 24 grams were compared. In addition, diets supplying 14.5 and 16 grams of protein daily were also fed with an additional 200 mg/day of lysine and methionine. The results of these studies suggest that the protein requirement of broiler breeder hens fed corn-soybean meal diets without supplemental amino acids is 20-22 grams per day.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019087"}
{"pmid": "1019089", "title": "Simplified hypophysectomy technique for young birds.", "content": "Simplified hypophysectomy technique for young birds. The present work introduces a modified oral approach to the pituitary gland of the immature bird with improved localization and visualization of the organ in situ. The hypophysectomy procedure is based on simplified instrumentation readily available or constructed with materials present in most, if not all, laboratories. The technique has the added advantage of minimal exsanguination, virtually no operative trauma, and allows for a rapid post operative animal recovery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019089"}
{"pmid": "1019088", "title": "Lysine requirement of hens fed diets with corn as the major cereal grain.", "content": "Lysine requirement of hens fed diets with corn as the major cereal grain. Two experiments were conducted to determine the lysine requirement of laying hens. Corn was used as the cereal grain, and cottonseed meal, peanut meal, and corn gluten meal supplied supplemental protein. In Experiment 1 a daily lysine intake of 607 mg. per hen per day was adequate for maximum egg production and egg weight. In Experiment 2 basal diets were calculated to contain 2880 M.E. kcal/kg. or 3110 M.E. kcal/kg. The lysine requirement for the lower energy diet was 657 mg. per hen per day and for the higher energy diet was 636 mg. per hen per day. A lysine requirement of 650 mg. per hen per day is recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019088"}
{"pmid": "1019090", "title": "Selection for increased semen yield in the turkey.", "content": "Selection for increased semen yield in the turkey. Selection was effective in greatly increasing semen yield in the turkey. After five generations of selection semen yield in the selected line was more than double that of the randombred control line from which the semen line was developed. The realized heritability of semen yield was .35 +/- .20. There was no consistent change in sperm concentration or frequency of bent sperm associated with the increased yield. Egg production was increased in the semen line. The increase occurred in the first generation of selection and was maintained throughout the remaining generations of selection. Body weight during the growing period exhibited an initial increase in the semen line but declined to randombred control levels in later generations. There was no consistent change in percent fertility, percent hatchability of fertile eggs or number of poults produced per hen which was associated with the genetic increases in semen yield.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019090"}
{"pmid": "1019091", "title": "The arginine requirement of the 4-7 week old broiler.", "content": "The arginine requirement of the 4-7 week old broiler. Two floor pen studies were conducted to determine the minimum arginine level needed to support maximum weight gain and optimum feed conversion during the 4-7 week period of growth for both males and females. Floor feather counts were used as an additional criteria for determining the arginine requirement. The basal diets were calculated to contain 0.74 and 0.80% arginine based on the analyzed values for corn, corn gluten meal, skimmilk and soybean meal. Regression equations were calculated from the data obtained for the males only. Based on the regression equations, the calculated requirement for maximum weight gain, optimum feed conversion, and floor feathers is 1.09, 1.10, and 1.13% arginine, respectively. When expressed as a function of energy, the requirements would be 0.329, 0.332, and 0.341% arginine per megacalorie of metabolizable energy per kg. of diet, respectively. The differences in rate of gain data for the females were non-significant, indicating the requirement of the females to be less than the males. The female requirement, based on floor feathers, would appear to be 0.98% dietary arginine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019091"}
{"pmid": "1019092", "title": "Studies on the accessory reproductive organs in the drake.", "content": "Studies on the accessory reproductive organs in the drake. The effects of the fluid from the ejaculatory groove region (EGR-fluid) on the survival and fertilizing ability of spermatozoa of the drake were examined. Semen was collected from the ductus deferens and divided into three parts; one remained undiluted (control 1) and other two were diluted with EGR-fluid and phosphate buffer (control 2) respectively. The survival of spermatozoa stored in the EGR-fluid was similar to that of controls but many spermatozoa were deformed during storage, the rate of which reached 57% in the samples stored for 24 hours. The fertilizing ability of the fresh (unstored) spermatozoa was not adversely affected by the addition of EGR-fluid but a rather favourable effect of the fluid was recognized. In contrast, when the spermatozoa were stored in vitro, the EGR-fluid exerted an adverse effect on the fertilizing ability of spermatozoa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019092"}
{"pmid": "1019093", "title": "Effect of selenium and mercury on gross morphology and histopathology of chick embryos.", "content": "Effect of selenium and mercury on gross morphology and histopathology of chick embryos. Gross lesions of selenium toxicity in chick embryos included webbed, fused, and curled toes; cracked, crooked, and shortened beaks and gastroschisis. Mercury injection on day 3 of incubation caused leg defects but older embryos were much less susceptible. Histopathological studies showed that injection of selenium as selenite caused dissociation of hepatic cells, particularly around the central veins. Glomeruli of affected kidneys were enlarged, and in each glomerulus the lumen of the capillary tuft was dilated and the space of Bowman widened. Epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules were detached from the basement membranes. Injection of mercury as chloride resulted in liver pathology in the late dead embryos which included dilated central veins and sinusoids. The cytoplasm of many hepatic cells was vacuolated. Foci of hemorrhages were observed in all liver lobes. In the kidneys, the renal corpuscles showed either shrinkage or enlargement. They seemed to be in the process of degeneration and disintegration. Sclerotic glomeruli were characterized by disappearance of Bowman's space and clumping of the glomerular tuft. Combined treatment with selenium and mercury resulted in liver pathology similar to that observed in mercury toxicity. The hepatic cell dissociation seen in selenium treated embryos was not observed following the combined treatment. In the kidneys the combined treatment resulted in typical lesions of both selenium and mercury toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019093"}
{"pmid": "1019094", "title": "Stability of immune potency of tylosin 1-killed, broth-propagated Hemophilus gallinarum bacterin.", "content": "Stability of immune potency of tylosin 1-killed, broth-propagated Hemophilus gallinarum bacterin. Immunizing potency of broth-propagated Hemophilus gallinarum (HG)bacterin was compared with tylosin and thimerosal treatment as the HG-inactivation agent and preservative. The immunizing potency of a tylosin-treated HG bacterin was as stable as a thimerosal-treated bacterin after 53 months storage at 2 to 5 degrees C.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019094"}
{"pmid": "1019095", "title": "Effect of vasoligation on the reproductive organs of immature cockerels of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus).", "content": "Effect of vasoligation on the reproductive organs of immature cockerels of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus). Fifteen sexually immature, 12-week-old cockerels were unilaterally vasoligated. Eight of these were killed at 4 weeks post-ligation and the remaining 7 at 10 weeks post-ligation. Granulomatous lesions in the ductus deferens were observed in 2 cockerels of the first and in 1 cockerel of the second group. Cysts showing intense granulomatous reactions were present in the epididymis in 1 cockerel of the first group and 4 cockerels of the second group. The seminiferous tubules were not seriously affected. The contralateral organs acted as controls and were grossly and histologically normal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019095"}
{"pmid": "1019096", "title": "Anticoccidial action of monensin in turkey poults.", "content": "Anticoccidial action of monensin in turkey poults. Monensin was effective within the range 60-100 p.p.m. in control of coccidiosis in turkey poults in a series of laboratory experiments. Under conditions of heavy infections with Eimeria meleagrimitis and E. adenoides, 100 p.p.m. of monesin was significantly more effective than 60 p.p.m. in protecting weight gains. When light or moderate infections with E. meleagrimitis, E. adenoides and E. gallopavonis were used, there were no significant differences among monesin-medicated treatments. In all instances the monensin-medicated treatments gained significantly more weight than noninfected, nonmedicated controls, when measured at 7 days post-inoculation. Similarly, oocyst, passage was reduced, feed conversion was protected and mortality was controlled in monensin-treated poults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019096"}
{"pmid": "1019097", "title": "Assessment of the quantity of biologically available phosphorus in yeast RNA and single-cell protein.", "content": "Assessment of the quantity of biologically available phosphorus in yeast RNA and single-cell protein. Two assays were conducted with chicks fed a phosphorus-deficient crystalline amino acid diet from day 8 to 17 posthatching to evaluate the phosphorus availability of purified torula yeast RNA and single-cell protein (Torula yeast). Tibia bone ash of the chicks was the criterion used in both assays, and regression analysis was used to evaluate bone ash as a function of phosphorus intake. A standard curve was established by feeding graded levels of KH2PO4 in each assay. Weight gain, tibia weight and tibia ash all responded to phosphorus supplementation whether provided by KH2PO4, RNA or single-cell protein. Weight of tibia ash provided the best linear fit when evaluated as a function of phosphorus intake. Availability in both assays estimated using the slope-ratio technique wherein milligrams of available phosphorus per gram of RNA or single-cell protein was calculated. In assay 1 the available phosphorus in RNA was found to be 93.2 mg/. In assay 2 the available phorphorus in single-cell protein was found to be 14.1 mg./g.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019097"}
{"pmid": "1019098", "title": "Sexual maturity and persistency of lay in the Chukar partridge given stimulatory light at different ages.", "content": "Sexual maturity and persistency of lay in the Chukar partridge given stimulatory light at different ages. In two separate trials, age at sexual maturity (lay of 1st egg) and total eggs laid in a 13-week production period were determined for the Chukar partridge given stimulatory light at 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28 or 30 weeks. The best responses occurred with hens given stimulatory light when 26 weeks of age or older. More than 85 percent of these hens laid, and production ranged from 15 to 25 eggs per hen. The youngest age at 1st egg was 161 days, required by one hen given stimulatory light at 16 weeks. Many hens given stimulatory light at 24 weeks or younger failed to lay, and egg production was extremely poor in those that did lay. Based on our results, best egg production can be attained when birds are given stimulatory light at 28 weeks, allowed to lay for 13 weeks, then cycled to lay again when 50 weeks of age. Hens of superior laying ability can be detected in the first cycle of lay, thus reducing the time that would be required to identify these same birds if allowed to lay under natural daylight conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019098"}
{"pmid": "1019099", "title": "Legless--a lethal condition in the domestic fowl.", "content": "Legless--a lethal condition in the domestic fowl. The abnormality resulting in legless condition which appeared in one pedigree mating in the R.I.R. stock is reported. The condition was lethal to the affected embryos between five and seven days of the incubation period. The matings carried out suggested that the condition was not hereditary but since only two males were raised from the original mating it cannot be stated with certainty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019099"}
{"pmid": "1019100", "title": "Persistence of semen quality during the reproductive period in two strains of turkeys differing in semen yield.", "content": "Persistence of semen quality during the reproductive period in two strains of turkeys differing in semen yield. Semen yield, sperm concentration and frequency of bent sperm were measured during the ninth week following stimulatory lighting (in January) and correlated with similar measurements obtained 1-1/2 and 4-1/2 months later in the reproduction period for two strains of medium bodied turkeys differing in semen yield. These correlations, based on measurements made early in the reproductive period, were not large enough so that the male's subsequent performance could accurately be predicted. Strain differences were also apparent in correlation coefficients for semen yield. The correlation coefficients were larger for the strain having the smallest yeild. In general, the significant correlation coefficients between semen yield and sperm concentration were positive and those between semen yield and percent bent sperm and between sperm concentration and percent bent sperm were negative. However, the correlation coefficients tended to be low in magnitude.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019100"}
{"pmid": "1019101", "title": "Light alterated changes in the embroynic age versus incubation age of White Leghorn embryos.", "content": "Light alterated changes in the embroynic age versus incubation age of White Leghorn embryos. White Leghorn eggs were incubated in the dark or under two 20-Watt cool white flourescent tubes. The embryos were collected and staged according to somite number and other anatomical observations. Embryos from lighted eggs were significantly more advanced in embryonic age within 24 hours than embryos from the dark. By the end of 10 days no further acceleration of development by light was significant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019101"}
{"pmid": "1019102", "title": "The association of semen traits and fertility in the turkey.", "content": "The association of semen traits and fertility in the turkey. There were no significant correlation coefficients between semen traits (yield, concentration and frequency of bent sperm) measured prior to the first insemination and fertility over a 12-week hatching period when the amount of semen inseminated per female was greater than the minimum (.025 cc.) usually recommended. Although there were some statistically significant correlations between semen measurements made later in the reproduction period and fertility for the entire period, they were very small ranging from -- .29 to +.20.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019102"}
{"pmid": "1019103", "title": "Relationship of biotin to reproductive performance of Leghorn-type hens.", "content": "Relationship of biotin to reproductive performance of Leghorn-type hens. Five floor pens with 14 Leghorn-type breeder hens each, in their 4th month of production, and 2 males per pen were fed a practical-type breeder diet composed largely of soybean meal and milo supplemented with unidentified hatchability factor sources and adequate levels of vitamins and minerals. Five additional pens were fed an identical ration supplemented with biotin at a level of 550 mcg./kg. of diet. Treatment was for a period of 7 months. A 3% improvement in production was obtained by biotin (550 mcg./kg.) supplementation, which was found to be highly significant (P less than or equal to .005) by chi-square analysis. A slight improvement was noted for feed efficiency. Biotin supplementation had no effect on egg size or adult livability. Fertility and hatchability were both significantly improved by biotin supplementation. Fertility and hatchability differences were found to be highly significant by chi-square analyses. Increased hatchability was due to a decreased number of early dead, late dead, and pipped embryos that failed to hatch.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019103"}
{"pmid": "1019141", "title": "Haloperidol: retrospect and prospect.", "content": "Haloperidol: retrospect and prospect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019141"}
{"pmid": "1019142", "title": "Haloperidol update: 1975.", "content": "Haloperidol update: 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019142"}
{"pmid": "1019143", "title": "The rapid control of the acute patient by haloperidol.", "content": "The rapid control of the acute patient by haloperidol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019143"}
{"pmid": "1019145", "title": "Adequate individualized dosages (AID) in perspective.", "content": "Adequate individualized dosages (AID) in perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019145"}
{"pmid": "1019144", "title": "Efficient management of the acute psychotic patient: stabilization and maintenance with haloperidol.", "content": "Efficient management of the acute psychotic patient: stabilization and maintenance with haloperidol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019144"}
{"pmid": "1019146", "title": "Individual variability in response to haloperidol.", "content": "Individual variability in response to haloperidol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019146"}
{"pmid": "1019147", "title": "Effect of gemfibrozil in vitro on fat-mobilizing lipolysis in human adipose tissue.", "content": "Effect of gemfibrozil in vitro on fat-mobilizing lipolysis in human adipose tissue. Fat-mobilizing lipolysis was studied in rat and human adipose tissue during incubation in vitro by following the release of glycerol into the incubation medium. Gemfibrozil as well as clofibrate consistently and readily inhibited basal as well as noradrenaline-stimulated fat-mobilizing lipolysis in rat fat. With human adipose tissue no effect was observed with gemfibrozil and clofibrate on basal lipolysis. This may be due to the comparatively low rate of the nonstimulated fat-mobilizing lipolysis in human tissue incubated in vitro. When lipolysis was stimulated with noradrenaline as well as isoprenaline, however, both gemfibrozil and clofibrate significantly reduced the fat-mobilizing lipolysis. This inhibition of lipolysis was however not observed in all studies. When lipolysis had been stimulated with theophylline, no inhibition of lipolysis was obtained with either compound. The possibility that reduced fat-mobilizing lipolysis in adipose tissue may cause a lowering of plasma triglycerides by reducing the flow of FFA to the liver is discussed in some detail. It is also suggested that inhibition of lipolysis may be accompanied by increased activity of lipoprotein lipase as well as an increase in the FIAT process. However, the pharmacological implication of the above-mentioned findings, particularly for gemfibrozil, must await further studies, as fairly large doses, around 1 mg/ml of incubation medium, were needed to obtain inhibition of fat-mobilizing lipolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019147"}
{"pmid": "1019148", "title": "Effect of gemfibrozil on lipolysis in dogs in vivo.", "content": "Effect of gemfibrozil on lipolysis in dogs in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019148"}
{"pmid": "1019138", "title": "Sterility and fertility.", "content": "Sterility and fertility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019138"}
{"pmid": "1019136", "title": "The management of children with chronic disease.", "content": "The management of children with chronic disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019136"}
{"pmid": "1019140", "title": "Vitamin A inhibition of murine melanoma.", "content": "Vitamin A inhibition of murine melanoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019140"}
{"pmid": "1019137", "title": "The medical care of children in developed countries.", "content": "The medical care of children in developed countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019137"}
{"pmid": "1019149", "title": "Effect of gemfibrozil upon platelet function and blood coagulation. Preliminary report.", "content": "Effect of gemfibrozil upon platelet function and blood coagulation. Preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019149"}
{"pmid": "1019151", "title": "Gemfibrozil: a new lipid lowering agent. Open forum.", "content": "Gemfibrozil: a new lipid lowering agent. Open forum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019151"}
{"pmid": "1019150", "title": "Preliminary observations on the effect of gemfibrozil on the excretion of faecal bile acids.", "content": "Preliminary observations on the effect of gemfibrozil on the excretion of faecal bile acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019150"}
{"pmid": "1019139", "title": "Microvascular surgery.", "content": "Microvascular surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019139"}
{"pmid": "1019152", "title": "Structure/activity relationship of gemfibrozil (CI-719) and related compounds.", "content": "Structure/activity relationship of gemfibrozil (CI-719) and related compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019152"}
{"pmid": "1019153", "title": "Binding to plasma lipoproteins of chlorophenoxyisobutyric, tibric and nicotinic acids and their esters.", "content": "Binding to plasma lipoproteins of chlorophenoxyisobutyric, tibric and nicotinic acids and their esters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019153"}
{"pmid": "1019154", "title": "Extrinsic factors affecting the response to gemfibrozil.", "content": "Extrinsic factors affecting the response to gemfibrozil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019154"}
{"pmid": "1019156", "title": "The evaluation of lipoprotein changes during gemfibrozil treatment.", "content": "The evaluation of lipoprotein changes during gemfibrozil treatment. During treatment with gemfibrozil, 1200 mg daily, total serum triglyceride levels were reduced in 7 of the 11 patients, owing chiefly to a fall in VLDL triglyceride levels. Total serum cholesterol responded variably, falling in a majority of patients with hypercholesterolaemia. High density lipoprotein cholesterol rose during treatment in patients who had either hypertriglyceridaemia or hypercholesterolaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019156"}
{"pmid": "1019155", "title": "Gemfibrozil in a group of diabetics.", "content": "Gemfibrozil in a group of diabetics. A group of 14 diabetic patients was treated with gemfibrozil during a variable length of time ranging from nine to 23 weeks in order to establish if a lowering effect on the cholesterol and triglyceride levels could be achieved, as it had been in the case of another group of non-diabetic patients. The present results showed that: (1) The drug is remarkably well tolerated. (2) With doses ranging between 400 and 800 mg per day the magnitude of the effect of the drug was less than that observed in our previous trial with non-diabetic subjects. The effect upon triglycerides seemed to be reduced more than that upon cholesterol when compared with results in higher-dose studies. (3) In this group of diabetic patients (3 insulin dependent, 11 maturity-onset type) control of the diabetic condition was never impaired and appeared in some cases to be slightly improved by gemfibrozil. (4) There was no evidence of undesirable interaction with any of the anti-diabetic drugs used.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019155"}
{"pmid": "1019157", "title": "Hyperlipidaemia in Scotland and the role of drug treatment.", "content": "Hyperlipidaemia in Scotland and the role of drug treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019157"}
{"pmid": "1019158", "title": "Summary of present data from a clinical trial of CI-719.", "content": "Summary of present data from a clinical trial of CI-719.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019158"}
{"pmid": "1019159", "title": "The effect of CI-719 on lipolysis in rat adipose tissue.", "content": "The effect of CI-719 on lipolysis in rat adipose tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019159"}
{"pmid": "1019160", "title": "The use of saralasin to evaluate the function of the brain renin-angiotensin system.", "content": "The use of saralasin to evaluate the function of the brain renin-angiotensin system. The demonstration that the components required for the generation of angiotensin II are present in the brain has led to the proposal that there is a brain renin-angiotensin system. To test this hypothesis, experiments were performed to determine if biologically active amounts of angiotensin II are formed when renin is injected into the cerebral ventricles. The effects of central administration of agents known to block the peripheral renin-angiotensin system were also investigated. It was shown that intraventricular renin increased water intake, blood pressure and ADH secretion and that these effects were blocked by saralasin. These findings indicated an interaction between injected renin, brain angiotensinogen and converting enzyme, resulting in the formation of angiotensin II in physiologically active concentrations. However, these experiments did not demonstrate a role for endogenous brain renin activity. Central administration of saralasin in normal animals did not decrease water intake, blood pressure or ADH secretion. These studies thus failed to demonstrate a physiological role for the proposed brain renin-angiotensin system in controlling water balance and blood pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019160"}
{"pmid": "1019161", "title": "Angiotensin II blockade in normal man and patients with essential hypertension. Blood pressure effects depending on renin and sodium balance.", "content": "Angiotensin II blockade in normal man and patients with essential hypertension. Blood pressure effects depending on renin and sodium balance. 1) Saralasin was administered to 9 normotensive volunteers and 13 patients with essential hypertension after sodium depletion and sodium repletion. 2) In standing normotensive volunteers, angiotensin II inhibition induced significant hypotension if previously a cumulative sodium loss of at least 160-200 mEq had been induced. 3) In patients with essential hypertension, saralasin infusion induced either blood pressure reduction, no change or even significant blood pressure increase, depending on the prevailing state of sodium balance. 4) Following vigorous and prolonged sodium depletion induced by low sodium diet, with chlorthalidone and spironolactone, blood pressure became renin-dependent even in those patients who initially had exhibited a hypertensive response to saralasin, suggesting that under appropriate conditions, renin can play an active pressure role in all patients with essential hypertension. 5) Saralasin administration to patients with essential hypertension may not only be useful for recognizing renin dependency but may also, via the slight intrinsic agonistic effect of the compound, permit identification of overactivity of the sodium factor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019161"}
{"pmid": "1019162", "title": "The role of renin in the control of blood pressure in normotensive man.", "content": "The role of renin in the control of blood pressure in normotensive man. In order to study the  role of renin in regulating blood pressure in normotensive states, saralasin (P113) was infused into normal subjects and patients with cirrhosis of the liver and ascites. In normal subjects on a normal sodium intake, P113 infusion had no effect on blood pressure. Only after the combined stress of a low sodium diet and the upright position did P113 lower the blood pressure. In two of the six cirrhotic patients, P113 caused a significant decrease in BP in the supine position. There was no consistent effect of the P113 infusion on plasma aldosterone or plasma renin activity in the normal or cirrhotic subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019162"}
{"pmid": "1019164", "title": "Angiotensin II blockade in hypertensive dialysis patients.", "content": "Angiotensin II blockade in hypertensive dialysis patients. Five hypertensive haemodialysis patients have been infused with saralisin. The infusion appears to be a simple diagnostic test separating patients into two groups. First, there are those whose blood pressure does not fall with saralasin pre-dialysis, but does fall with weight removal during dialysis; the blood pressure in these patients can be controlled by a reduction in pre-dialysis weight. Second, there are those whose blood pressure does fall with saralasin either pre- or post-dialysis; their arterial pressure does not fall with weight removal, but can be controlled by anti-hypertensive drugs. In two of the patients who responded to saralasin, the mechanism of the high blood pressure appeared to change from volume dependency, partial or complete, with suppressed renin release, to angiotensin dependency, partial or complete, as weight was removed during dialysis. These patients illustrate the importance of the interaction between volume and the level of angiotensin II in the maintenance of hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019164"}
{"pmid": "1019163", "title": "Changes of blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration following the infusion of Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II in hypertensive, fluid and electrolyte disorders.", "content": "Changes of blood pressure, plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration following the infusion of Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II in hypertensive, fluid and electrolyte disorders. 1-Sarcosine, 8-isoleucine angiotensin II (Sar1-Ile8-AII) was infused intravenously in 5 normal volunteers and 66 subjects with various hypertensive, fluid and electrolyte disorders. Changes of blood pressure (BP), plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were studied. In normal subjects, Sar1-Ile-AII showed pressor (agonistic) activity, which was related to both dosage and sodium intake. Hyporeninaemic hypertensive subjects (pirmary aldosteronism) showed pressor responses to a smaller dose of this compound than the dose employed in normal subjects. Hyporeninaemic hypertensive subjects and normal volunteers after 3 days of high sodium intake showed significant elevations of BP and PAC and reduction of PRA. Changes of BP, PAC and PRA in normoreninaemic subjects including those with Bartter's syndrome, renal tubular acidosis or liver cirrhosis with ascites showed reduction of BP and PAC and elevation of PRA. The results indicate that the compound has both agonistic and antagonistic activities for blood pressure; which of these is obtained apparently depends upon endogenous angiotensin II levels, as well as the dosage employed. The results in subjects with high and low PRA suggest that the compound has antagonist and agonist actions at 3 sites of angiotensin II action, i.e. peripheral vascular bed, renin release mechanism from juxta-glomerular apparatus and the zona glomerulosa of the adrenals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019163"}
{"pmid": "1019165", "title": "The use of saralasin in the recognition of angiotensinogenic hypertension.", "content": "The use of saralasin in the recognition of angiotensinogenic hypertension. Specific antagonists of angiotensin II (AII) such as saralasin might theoretically be of great value in the recognition of angiotensinogenic hypertension. Evidence is presented to show the importance of overcoming any existing sodium overload and of administering saralasin first in small and then in larger amounts by infusion (or injection). When this was done in 600 hypertensive patients, 62 showed a fall in blood pressure of more than 10/8 mm Hg. Further tests in 50 of these subjects indicated that the fall in blood pressure was associated with high peripheral levels of plasma renin activity (PRA) and/or abnormal renal vein PRA ratios in 94%. The procedure rarely failed to detect even mild forms of angiotensinogenic hypertension. In 62 patients found to have angiotensinogenic hypertension, the responsible lesions included unilateral renal arterial stenosis with good contralateral renal function (29%), bilateral renal disease (21%), Cushing's syndrome (6%), small vessel disease or specific excess of renin production - without other detectable renal disease - (31%) and incompletely evaluated disorders (13%). Saralasin has been of great value in simply and reliably demonstrating the presence or absence of an angiotensinogenic component in a large group of hypertensive patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019165"}
{"pmid": "1019167", "title": "Haemodynamic effects of Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II in patients with renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Haemodynamic effects of Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II in patients with renovascular hypertension. Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II was infused intravenously (10 mug/kg/min) in 14 patients with renovascular hypertension, including 11 with renal artery stenosis. Brachial artery pressure and heart rate remained unchanged in six patients who were on a daily sodium intake of 130 mEq. In 12 tests performed after sodium depletion, the decrease in mean arterial pressure ranged from 13 to 76 mm Hg and showed a significant correlation with the plasma renin concentration prevailing immediately before the infusion of the drug (r = 0.81; p less than 0.001). The hypotensive response was due to a drop in total peripheral resistance. Heart rate and cardiac output showed slight increases 10 min after the start of saralasin infusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019167"}
{"pmid": "1019166", "title": "The effects of the angiotensin II antagonist saralasin on blood pressure and plasma aldosterone in man in relation to the prevailing plasma angiotensin II concentration.", "content": "The effects of the angiotensin II antagonist saralasin on blood pressure and plasma aldosterone in man in relation to the prevailing plasma angiotensin II concentration. The effect of saralasin in lowering blood pressure and plasma aldosterone concentration in normal subjects, both sodium-replete and sodium-deplete, and in patients with various forms of hypertension, is closely related to the basal plasma angiotensin II concentration. These findings confirm and extend earlier studies of angiotensin II/arterial pressure and angiotensin II/aldosterone dose-response curves. They also emphasize the importance of the renin-angiotensin system in the control of aldosterone in sodium depletion and in renal hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019166"}
{"pmid": "1019168", "title": "Comparative studies of the humoral and arterial pressure responses to Sar1-Ala8-, Sar1-Ile8 and Sar1-Thr8-angiotensin II in the trained unanaesthetized dog.", "content": "Comparative studies of the humoral and arterial pressure responses to Sar1-Ala8-, Sar1-Ile8 and Sar1-Thr8-angiotensin II in the trained unanaesthetized dog. The humoral and arterial blood pressure responses to Sar1-Ala8-, Sar1-Ile8- and Sar1-Thr8-angiotensin II were studied in sodium-depleted, trained, unanaesthetized dogs. Of the three angiotensin antagonists, Sar1-Thr8-angiotensin II appeared to be the best suited for clinical use. In the smallest amount that was found to be effective in reducing arterial pressure, it was devoid of agonist activity. Also, in marked contrast to Sar1-Ala8- and Sar1-Ile8-angiotensin II, Sar1-Thr8-angiotensin II was not shown to stimulate either catecholamine or aldosterone secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019168"}
{"pmid": "1019170", "title": "Effect of adrenal arterial infusion of saralasin (P113) on aldosterone secretion.", "content": "Effect of adrenal arterial infusion of saralasin (P113) on aldosterone secretion. To test the role of the renin/angiotensin system in aldosterone regulation, Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II (P113) was infused into the arterial blood supply of transplanted adrenal glands in conscious sheep. Effects on the aldosterone response to infused angiotensin II and III in sodium replete sheep were compared with effects in sodium deficiency. Adrenal arterial infusion of P113 up to 1,000 mug/h for 1-2h did not consistently alter the high aldosterone secretion rates of sodium-deficient sheep. However, infusion of P113 at 10 mug/h or more abolished aldosterone responses to angiotensin II infusion that caused high physiological blood levels of angiotensin II. These results are against the proposal of a primary proportional causal relationship between blood angiotensin II concentration and aldosterone secretion rate in sodium deficiency. They are also against the possibility that such a primary role is played by blood-borne angiotensin III.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019170"}
{"pmid": "1019169", "title": "Stimulating effects of angiotensin I, angiotensin II and des-Asp1-angiotensin II on steroid production in vitro and its inhibition by Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II.", "content": "Stimulating effects of angiotensin I, angiotensin II and des-Asp1-angiotensin II on steroid production in vitro and its inhibition by Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II. Two of the agents known to block the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, namely Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II and the nonapeptide SQ 20881, have been used to clarify the role of angiotensin II (AII) and its cogeners upon the steroidogenesis in isolated fasciculata cells from bovine adrenal tissue. It could be concluded that: (1) des-Asp1-angiotensin II is as active as AII on steroidogenesis from bovine fasciculata cells; (2) angiotensin I, although less potent, stimulates steroid production without being converted to AII or des-Asp1-AII, and (3) Sar1-Ala8-AII inhibits all three peptides in a competitive manner. The presence of a common receptor for all these three peptides is suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019169"}
{"pmid": "1019171", "title": "Effects of saralasin on renal function of the rat.", "content": "Effects of saralasin on renal function of the rat. In the isolated perfused rat kidney, saralasin inhibits the vasoconstrictor effect of angiotensin II in a dose-dependent manner. At high infusion rates saralasin, by itself, increases renal vascular resistance and supresses renin release. Such an agonistic effect is not observed in the presence of high concentrations of angiotensin II. In acute renal failure induced by glycerol, saralasin has a beneficial effect on urine volume, solute excretion and plasma urea concentration only when it is administered together with an adequate volume of rat serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019171"}
{"pmid": "1019172", "title": "Effects of angiotensin antagonists in various forms of experimental arterial hypertension.", "content": "Effects of angiotensin antagonists in various forms of experimental arterial hypertension. The dependence of renal hypertension on increased levels of angiotensin II was investigated in conscious dogs at various stages of hypertension of four different types. Two of the most potent angiotensin inhibitors, Sar1-Ile8- and Sar1-Thr8-angiotensin II, were infused separately in various doses and at different times throughout the evolution of renal hypertension. The results of these experiments are consistent with the view that the renin-angiotensin system may participate in the acute and malignant phases of renal hypertension; they do not provide evidence for its participation when hypertension enters the chronic phase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019172"}
{"pmid": "1019173", "title": "Sterilization of barbiturates by gamma-irradiation.", "content": "Sterilization of barbiturates by gamma-irradiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019173"}
{"pmid": "1019175", "title": "Pharmacokinetics of sulfadiazine upon different routes of administration in the rabbit.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics of sulfadiazine upon different routes of administration in the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019175"}
{"pmid": "1019176", "title": "The effect of molecular weight on the properties of films prepared from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.", "content": "The effect of molecular weight on the properties of films prepared from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019176"}
{"pmid": "1019178", "title": "The interaction of some N-phenylanthranilic acid derivatives with cyclodextrins in phosphate buffers.", "content": "The interaction of some N-phenylanthranilic acid derivatives with cyclodextrins in phosphate buffers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019178"}
{"pmid": "1019180", "title": "Effects of d- and l-amphetamine on dorsal and ventral hypothalamic self-stimulation in three inbred strains of mice.", "content": "Effects of d- and l-amphetamine on dorsal and ventral hypothalamic self-stimulation in three inbred strains of mice. The effects of intraperitoneal injections of increasing doses of d- and l-amphetamine on self-stimulation behaviour in dorsal and ventral hypothalamic areas, were studied in BALB/c Orl., DBA/2 Orl, and C57BL/6 Orl inbred mice. Both isomers improved and disrupted self-stimulation as a function of the doses injected. However, the improvements obtained with d-amphetamine were higher than those obtained with 1-amphetamine. In contrast the 1 isomer generally provoked the highest disruptions. In addition, the three strains presented various sensitivities to d-amphetamine, which improved self-stimulation first in BALB/c (0.25 and 0.50 mg/kg), then in DBA/2 (0.50 and 1.0 mg/kg) and finally in C57BL/6 (2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 mg/kg). The dorsal hypothalamic self-stimulation system presented a greater sensitivity to d-amphetamine than the ventral system; while the two reward systems reacted identically to 1-amphetamine.  The differential effects observed are set into relationship with neurochemical data concerning the central catecholaminergic mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019180"}
{"pmid": "1019181", "title": "Effects of selective forebrain depletions of norepinephrine and serotonin on the activity and food intake effects of amphetamine and fenfluramine.", "content": "Effects of selective forebrain depletions of norepinephrine and serotonin on the activity and food intake effects of amphetamine and fenfluramine. Selective forebrain depletions of either norepinephrine or serotonin were produced in separate groups of rats by placement of lesions in the brainstem noradrenergic area and in the dorsal and median raphé nuclei respectively. Rats with norepinephrine depleting lesions exhibited an attenuation relative to intact animals of both the anorexic and locomotor stimulatory effects of amphetamine. In contrast, depletion of serotonin by the raphé lesion enhanced the locomotor stimulation induced by amphetamine but did not affect the anorexic efficacy of amphetamine. Neither brain lesion, however, reliably altered the animals' response to either the anorexic or activity effects of fenfluramine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019181"}
{"pmid": "1019182", "title": "Effect of magnesium deficiency on nonspecific excitability level (NEL) and audiogenic seizure susceptibility.", "content": "Effect of magnesium deficiency on nonspecific excitability level (NEL) and audiogenic seizure susceptibility. Magnesium deficiency in weanling rats caused an increase in NEL and in audiogenic seizure susceptibility. These behavioral effects were apparent after eight days of magnesium restriction and could be reversed by dietary rehabilitation. Serum magnesium declined rapidly from 1.87 +/- 0.10 mEq/L to 0.91 +/- 0.24 mEq/L in two days. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) magnesium decreased gradually from 1.86 mEq/L, becoming significantly lower (1.44 +/- 0.23 mEq/L) after eight days. When deficient rats were injected IP with MgCl2, raising the serum magnesium concentration to 6.6 mEq/L, NEL decreased to normal while audiogenic seizure susceptibility remained. Both NEL and audiogenic seizure susceptibility in rats reflect central nervous system magnesium concentration, except when serum magnesium concentration is very high. Very high serum  magnesium concentration lowers NEL but does not reduce audiogenic seizure susceptibility if CSF magnesium is low.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019182"}
{"pmid": "1019183", "title": "Effects of pentobarbital on punished behavior at different shock intensities.", "content": "Effects of pentobarbital on punished behavior at different shock intensities. Key-pecking by two pigeons was maintained initially under a schedule where the first response after five minutes had elapsed produced food. When every 50th response produced shock, responding was suppressed (punishment). Although rates and patterns of punished responding remained comparable when the shock intensity was reduced by half, pentobarbital produced much greater increases in both overall and local rates of responding at the lower shock intensity. Pentobarbital also produced larger increases in the low rates of responding immedicately following shock when the lower intensity shock was in effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019183"}
{"pmid": "1019184", "title": "Effects of lithium chloride on sleep patterns in the rat.", "content": "Effects of lithium chloride on sleep patterns in the rat. Continuous EEG recordings were performed in rats both  after saline injections (control days) and after LiCl treatments. LiCl administration was always followed by an initial period of general distress and sleep inhibition during 2 to 3 hr after low toxic doses (1.5 mEq/kg) and a much more longer period (10 hr) after high toxic doses (3 mEq/kg). Once this state was overcome, the pharmacological effect of lithimia seems to potentiate sleep and particularly paradoxical sleep (PS). It appears that this potentiation of PS occurs once lithimia reaches levels used in human therapeutics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019184"}
{"pmid": "1019185", "title": "Effects of monosodium glutamate on somatic development, obesity and activity in the mouse.", "content": "Effects of monosodium glutamate on somatic development, obesity and activity in the mouse. Neonatal mice 1 and 5 days of age and older mice 25 days of age were injected with an increasing dose of monosodium glutamate (MSG) for a ten-day period and observed for at least 150 days. Both male and female animals in the 1- and 5-day age group treated with MSG showed large increases in weight over controls along with a shortened body length. The MSG group also showed decreases in locomotor and explatory behavior. The 25-day animals took much longer to show effects or failed to show any effects, indicating that the MSG-induced changes studied are age dependent. Possible methodological considerations accounting for conflicting reports in the MSG literature are discussed in light of the present findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019185"}
{"pmid": "1019186", "title": "Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine correlates of behavior: studies involving spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats.", "content": "Brain 5-hydroxytryptamine correlates of behavior: studies involving spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats. Brain area 5-hydroxytrhptamine (5-HT) turnover and behavioral correlates were compared in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar rats. SHR appeared to have hyperfunctional 5-HT systems as evidenced by the finding that brain area 5-HT turnover times were 53% lower in SHR, with significant changes seen in the limbic forebrain. SHR, while less active upon initial testing of spontaneous motor activity than Wistar rats, did not habituate as readily to the testing procedures as evidenced by higher activity than Wistar rats in repeated testing stiuations. In the light of other data indicating that 5-ht systems are predominantly inhibitory to ongoing behavior, these data suggest that habituation, as determined in this study, is an active process that is retarded in the SHR because of hyperfunctional 5-HT systems. Spontaneous activity of SHR was inhibited less than that of Wistar rats by a conditioned stimulus which is consistent with the observations of others that 5-HT systems tend to suppress responsiveness to external stimuli. While spontaneous activity data suggested that SHR were more emothinal than Wistar rats, the SHR also exhibited a higher avoidance rate in an unsignaled shuttle avoidance procedure which is usually indicative of a lower emotional state.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019186"}
{"pmid": "1019187", "title": "Abnormal open field behavior after anterolateral hypothalamic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine.", "content": "Abnormal open field behavior after anterolateral hypothalamic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine. To investigate the importance of forebrain catecholamine terminals in open field behavior, rats were microinjected bilaterally in the medial forebrain bundle at the level of the anteralteral hypothalamus with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a specific catecholaminergic neurotoxin. These 6-OHDA microinjections produced extensive loss of forebrain catecholamine terminals; identical vehicle microinjections did not. When 6-OHDA rats were given 8 open field (OF) tests in the first or the fifth postinjection week, they had a longer latency to enter the OF, crossed fewer squares and reared less than normal rats or rats microinjected with vehicle. The abnormal OF behavior of 6-OHDA rats was not a generalized loss of locomotor activity because 6-OHDA rats were normally active in the home cage. The abnormal OF behavior of 6-OHDA rats was also not a result of a generalized lack of reactivity because the OF test elicited an increase of plasma corticosterone in 6-OHDA rats. The possibility that 6-OHDA rats were abnormal in the OF because they were hyperractive to it was not consistent with the observations that the OF activity of 6-OHDA rats did not change with repetitive testing, 6-OHDA rats did not defecate more than vehicle rats, and 6-OHDA rats did not display freezing behavior. These results suggest, but do not prove, that the abnormal OF behavior of 6-OHDA rats reflects a deficit of exploratory behavior that is correlated with extensive loss of forebrain catecholamine terminals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019187"}
{"pmid": "1019188", "title": "The discriminability of apsirin in arthritic and nonarthritic rats.", "content": "The discriminability of apsirin in arthritic and nonarthritic rats. Aspirin, 56 mg/kg IP, was shown to be mildly, but significantly discriminable from saline in a group of 12 nonarthritic rats exposed to a 2-lever fixed ratio 10 drug discrimination protocol for 56 trials. In a concurrently-tested group of 12 rats made arthritic by injection of Mycobacterium butyricum into a hind paw, the discrimination of aspirin from saline was enhanced. The results exemplify how drug discriminability may vary depending on the pathological state of the subjects exposed to drug-discrimination training.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019188"}
{"pmid": "1019189", "title": "Behavioral, biochemical and histological effects of prenatal administration of progesterone in the rat.", "content": "Behavioral, biochemical and histological effects of prenatal administration of progesterone in the rat. Pregnant Wistar rats were injected with progesterone (1.5 mg/kg) between Days 8 and 21 of gestation and the behavioral, biochemical and histological effects of this treatment were observed in the offspring. The progesterone offspring weighed less than the control animals during this weaning and were retarded on one measure of exploratory activity in the open field. None of the other 29 tests used showed any significant difference apart from a 9% increase in the amount of brain DNA in the progesterone animals. It was concluded that these differences were fortuitous and that progesterone has no consistent or significant effects on brain development in rodents following prenatal administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019189"}
{"pmid": "1019190", "title": "Carbachol, angiotensin-II, ventircular spread and water balance in rats.", "content": "Carbachol, angiotensin-II, ventircular spread and water balance in rats. Injections into the preoptic areas and anterior hypothalamus of a little as 1.0 ng/mu1 carbachol (5.5 X 10(-6) M, 11 pmols total dose) and 0.1 ng/mul angiotensin-II (10(-7) M, 0.2-0.4 pmols) were dipsogenic or antidiuretic-natriuretic. Lateral ventricular (VL) thresholds for drinking also were 11 pmols for carbachol and 0.2 pmols for angiotensin. The low VL threshold for carbachol supports, without proving, arguments that a limbic cholinergically-coded thirst circuit could reflect leakage form placements near VL to the third ventricle. In contrast, VL thresholds for antidiuresis-natriuresis were 110 pmols for carbachol and 2 pmols for angiotensin. Carbachol was more effective rostral to the paraventricular nucleus and angiotensin dorsal to the supraoptic nucleus. However, lower thresholds in these areas were insufficient to localize receptors, since all cannulas positive for antidiuresis-natriuresis traversed ventricles, and cannulas not traversing ventricles were negative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019190"}
{"pmid": "1019193", "title": "Quantitative determination and identification of pharmaceuticals by means of Gran's potentiomentric method.", "content": "Quantitative determination and identification of pharmaceuticals by means of Gran's potentiomentric method. A method is proposed both for the quantitative determination and identification of pharmaceuticals, based on the data of a single pH-metric titration. As a new identification criterion the pK-value of the pharmaceutical is proposed. The latter is conveniently determined using the Gran's graphical method. A new equation is derived for the data treatment of very weak bases, where the Gran's original method can not be applied directly. The proposed method is applied with determination and the identification of many pharmaceuticals weak and very weak acids and bases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019193"}
{"pmid": "1019194", "title": "Application of some polymers in the physiocochemical design of tablet formulation.", "content": "Application of some polymers in the physiocochemical design of tablet formulation. Polyethylene glycol 4000 did not apprecialbly affect the rate of drug release from tablets. The use of sodium alginate the a tablet binder showed variable effects on the rate of drug release from the tablet i.e. The incorporation of only 2.5% of sodium alginate caused enhancement in the release rate of the drug based on its action as disintegration inducer. On the other hand, the incorporation of 20, 35 and 50% of sodium alginate showed a pronounced retardation in the rate of drug release from the tablets. This retardation was more pronounced in acid than in alkaline media. Accordingly, sodium alginate could be favourably suggested as tablet binder when retarded gastric absorption is the therapeutic aim required. Carbopol 940 when used as a tablet binder in a concentration of 2.5%, showed a marked enhancement of the release rate of the drug. On the contrary, it exerted a remarkable retardation in the rate of drug release from the tablets when incorporated in the relatively large proportions of 20, 35 and 50%. This retardation was more pronounced in alkaline than in acid media. Accordingly, Carbopol 940 would be favourably suggested in the physiocohemical design of prolonged-release tablet formulations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019194"}
{"pmid": "1019195", "title": "Ethyl cellulose as a potential sustained release coating for oral pharmaceuticals.", "content": "Ethyl cellulose as a potential sustained release coating for oral pharmaceuticals. This current study was motivated, and designed in an attempt to determine the possible application of the inert, pH-insensitive, ethyl cellulose polymer as a potential sustained-release coating for oral pharmaceuticals. Coating was effected using two relatively recent techniques, namely microencapsulation by phase separation coacervation, induced by temperature change, and drug entrapment by flocculation, induced by nonsolbent addition. Chloramphenicol was used as a model drug. Results of this study revealed the fact that ethyl cellulose proved to be a potential sustained-release coating for oral dosage forms. Moreover, the effect of the coating/core ratio was exhibited both qualitatively and quantitatively. This finding could help in the design of programmed or timed-release drugs. Accordingly, this study could be considered a successful attempt towards the utlization of ethyl cellulose in of the design of sustained-release oral pharmaceuticals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019195"}
{"pmid": "1019197", "title": "New generalized equations for multiple dose kinetics by i.v. injection.", "content": "New generalized equations for multiple dose kinetics by i.v. injection. New generalized equations for one compartment open model system with rapid i.v. injections for multiple dose kinetics are developed. The model assumers the first order elimination. Equations are developed for the maximum and minimum amounts of drug in body after n and infinity number of doses. The methods for calculating rate of accumulation is presented and the relationship bewteen, f (fraction of drug present in the compartment at the time of repeated dosing), t1/2 and the dosing interval, tau.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019197"}
{"pmid": "1019200", "title": "Colorimetric and volumetric determination of organic base reineckates using ammonium vanadate.", "content": "Colorimetric and volumetric determination of organic base reineckates using ammonium vanadate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019200"}
{"pmid": "1019201", "title": "Rapid sensitive colorimetric assay for determination of chlordiazepoxide.", "content": "Rapid sensitive colorimetric assay for determination of chlordiazepoxide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019201"}
{"pmid": "1019204", "title": "Synthesis of 1.2.3.4-tetrahydro-2.4-dioxoquinazoline derivatives for pharmacological study.", "content": "Synthesis of 1.2.3.4-tetrahydro-2.4-dioxoquinazoline derivatives for pharmacological study. The condensation of 4-chloroanthranilic acid with several substituted monophenylureas is described. Reacting equimolecular amounts of the haloanthranilic acid with monophenylurea, p-tolylurea, p-methoxyphenylurea, p-ethoxyphenylurea, p-bromophenylurea, p-chlorophenylurea and m-chlorophenylurea--by fusion in a pressure bottle--yielded the corresponding 7-chloro-3-aryl-.2.3.4-tetrahydro-2.4-dioxoquinazoline (1a--g). On the other hand, o-substitute phenylureas, instead of affording the expected condensation products, yielded a compound which was shown to be 7-chlorobenzoyleneurea (2), the formation of which is accounted for.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019204"}
{"pmid": "1019207", "title": "Quantitative determination of ruscogenin in Ruscus species by densitometric thin-layer chromatography.", "content": "Quantitative determination of ruscogenin in Ruscus species by densitometric thin-layer chromatography. A densitometric t.l.c. method of quantitative determination of ruscogenin was elaborated. After separation with the aid of t.l.c., the colourless ruscogenin spots were located with the aid of a p-dimethyl-aminobenzaldehyde solution and were submitted to densitometry. It was found that under the selected conditions a linear dependence exists between the betaI% value and lgC within the range of 0.5--10 mug ruscogenin. The determination of ruscogenin is done in the presence of the remaining components of the sample. The method is free of any systematic error. The method was applied in the determination of the ruscogenin content of the above-ground and underground part of Ruscus aculeatus and R. hypoglossum, extracts of the same plants, and capsules with further to the R. aculeatus extract also contained bioflavonoids. It was found that the content of ruscogenin in the underground and the above-ground parts of R. hypoglossum is 0.14 and 0.10%, respectively, while for R. aculeatus the respective values are 0.12 and 0.08%. The extract contains 1.6% ruscogenin, and the capsules 0.09 mg each.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019207"}
{"pmid": "1019215", "title": "Investigations of nicandrenone--a withanolide-like aromatic plant steroid from Nicandra physaloides.", "content": "Investigations of nicandrenone--a withanolide-like aromatic plant steroid from Nicandra physaloides. On the basis of IR, UV, ORD, NMR and high resoluted mass spectral data as well as chemical transformations, evidence for structure 1 of the D-homo-aromatic plant steroid nicandrenone from Nicandra physaloides (Solanaceae) was given. The sterochemistry of both epoxy lactol functions in this compound was established using intramolecular hydrogen bonding investigations. Biogenetical aspects are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019215"}
{"pmid": "1019216", "title": "Isolation of dihydroflavonol from Pulicaria undulata (L.) Kostel.", "content": "Isolation of dihydroflavonol from Pulicaria undulata (L.) Kostel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019216"}
{"pmid": "1019217", "title": "Investgation of the Volatile oil of Saudi Lavandula dentata.", "content": "Investgation of the Volatile oil of Saudi Lavandula dentata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019217"}
{"pmid": "1019221", "title": "Age dependent acute toxicity of ethylmorphine.", "content": "Age dependent acute toxicity of ethylmorphine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019221"}
{"pmid": "1019225", "title": "Cardiovascular activity of 9-hydroxy-ellipticine.", "content": "Cardiovascular activity of 9-hydroxy-ellipticine. The cardiovascular activity of 9-hydroxy-ellipticine (9-OH-E) has been studied on anaesthetized dogs. The drug has been administered intravenously in one dose ranging from 1 to 10 mg/kg. The variations in the myocardial contractility, the systemic haemodynamics, the respiration and the general metabolism of the anaesthetized dogs were studied to make evident the mechanism of 9-OH-E cardiostimulating action. 9-OH-E from 5 mg/kg i.v. stimulates the contractility of myocardium and improves the cardiac performances of the anaesthetized dogs. This heart-stimulating action is long-lasting and is not accompanied by any modification in the arterial blood pressure. It is inhibited or at least strongly attenuated by beta-adrenergic blocking agents and by the depletion of catecholamines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019225"}
{"pmid": "1019226", "title": "Antithrombotic effects of sulfinpyrazone in animals: influence on fibrinolysis and sodium arachidonate-induced pulmonary embolism.", "content": "Antithrombotic effects of sulfinpyrazone in animals: influence on fibrinolysis and sodium arachidonate-induced pulmonary embolism. It has been shown that sulfinpyrazone stimulates fibrinolytic activity in various in vitro and in vivo test systems. In rats with kaolin-induced paw oedema this compound is able to restore the markedly prolonged euglobulin clot lysis time in an oral dose of 30 mg/kg, whereas salicylate and dipyridamole are somewhat less active in this respect. Beside these effects, sulfinpyrazone protects rabbits from arachidonate-induced sudden death after a single oral dose of 10-30 mg/kg.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019226"}
{"pmid": "1019227", "title": "Effects of calcium infusion on secretion and motor activity of totally isolated canine stomach perfused with homologous blood.", "content": "Effects of calcium infusion on secretion and motor activity of totally isolated canine stomach perfused with homologous blood. Isolated, ex vivo perfused, canine stomachs were used for this study. Gastric secretion, myoelectrical activity and mechanical activity were recorded during stimulation of gastric function with pentagastrin or histamine alone or combined with calcium gluconate. Secretagogues and calcium were infused into the gastric arterial circulation. Hypercalcemia induced significant inhibition of pentagastrin, stimulated gastric secretion, but did not affect the secretion stimulated by histamine. Hypercalcemia also induced an increase of frequency of cycles of electrical control activity and a decrease of mechanical activity of the gastric antrum. The effect of hypercalcemia on gastric motor function was similar in the nonstimulated stomach and during the infusion of secretagogues used in this experiment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019227"}
{"pmid": "1019228", "title": "Influence of surgical manipulations on hexobarbital effects in rats.", "content": "Influence of surgical manipulations on hexobarbital effects in rats. In rats the hexobarbital metabolism is impaired after different surgical procedures leading to muscle damage. This leads to a prolongation of the hexobarbital action. The prolonged effect of hexobarbital in rats with lymphostatic encephalopathy is considered an unspecific consequence of the tissue damage during lymphectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019228"}
{"pmid": "1019229", "title": "Sex and genetic differences in the elimination of sulphadimidine in rats.", "content": "Sex and genetic differences in the elimination of sulphadimidine in rats. Rats of five inbred strains and two random-bred stocks were intravenously given sulphadimidine (40 mg/kg body weight). A relatively low percentage of acetylsulphadimidine (Ac-S) in urine and absence of strain differences were found in males, whereas two phenotypes can be distinguished in females: (1) high percentage of Ac-S in urine, and (2) low percentage of Ac-S in uirne. An autosomal control of these differences is suggested. A dominant allele which determines the high percentage of excreted Ac-S manifests itself only in female endo-environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019229"}
{"pmid": "1019230", "title": "The observation and analysis of cancer deaths among classified radiation workers.", "content": "The observation and analysis of cancer deaths among classified radiation workers. The extent to which occupational radiation exposure contributes to cancer mortality is an influence on future world energy policy. It is also a factor in deciding the level  of expenditure to reduce radiation levels experienced by workers. Here we discuss some of the difficulties in analysing the situation  and present the results of some calculations which estimate the expected age-specific radiation mortalities from all inducible cancers and also from leukaemia separately. Using a high value for the average occupational exposure and a conservative estimate of the associated risk, we find that a survey of mortality among radiation workers must run over many years before sufficient data would be accumulated to resolve the effects of radiation-induced neoplasms from those arising from other causes. We show the advisability of determining the cause of death both of persons who remain employed in the industry and all for only a short time. Our estimates are based on maintenance of an occupationally exposed dose of one rad per person per year during the period of the survey which may extend over several decades. However, scaling of the estimates to any other exposure rates is easily performed. We also give estimates of the lowest risk coefficients detectable in a given observation time. Since for a work force of 3000 these lowest detectable values are an order of magnitude larger than those expected, it is clear that only a national or international survey can produce data adequate for even modest objectives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019230"}
{"pmid": "1019231", "title": "The influence of cosmetics and ointments on the spectral emissivity of skin.", "content": "The influence of cosmetics and ointments on the spectral emissivity of skin. Measurements of the spectral emmissivity, epsilon (lambda), of human skin described in a previous paper were performed with a modified monochromator by comparing the radiation from the skin with blackbody radiation in the wavelength range between 2 and 14 mum. Using the same equipment the spectral emissivity has been measured of skin which had been covered with different cosmetics and ointments. From these data it is possible to predict theoretically the apparent temperature difference as seen by an infrared scanner or radiometer with a detector of which the spectral detectivity, D (lambda), is known. These values are compared with the readings of a Bofors Thermograph with an InSb detector. When talcum venetum has been applied to the skin, a greater apparent temperature diffenence must be expected for thermographic cameras equipped with a HgCdTe detector than for cameras with InSb detectors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019231"}
{"pmid": "1019232", "title": "Stripping-theory analysis of thick-target neutron production for D + Be.", "content": "Stripping-theory analysis of thick-target neutron production for D + Be. The Serber theory for deuteron stripping is employed to predict the shape of the neutron energy spectrum produced by 35 MeV deuterons (D+) on a thick beryllium target. In particular, the observation that the maximum of the neutron energy spectrum (at 0degrees relative to the deuteron beam direction) occurs at approximately 0-4Ed, where Ed is the incident deuteron energy, is explained reasonably well by the calculations. The explanation stems mainly from the fact that the stripping theory for thin targets predicts a narrow maximum at 0-5Ed, and thick target effects shift the maximum downward in energy to approximately 0-4Ed. A number of recent spectral measurements are in agreement with these predictions for a wide range of target materials and incident deuteron energies. The application of this theory also accounts for the previously observed Dd2-99 dependence of the absorbed dose in tissue,per unit charge of D+ ions on target, in the direction of the incident beam. This approximate Ed3 dependence is shown to be a characteristic property of deuteron stripping in a thick target and follows directly from the calculations that predict the neutron energy spectrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019232"}
{"pmid": "1019233", "title": "Further results in nuclear scattering radiography.", "content": "Further results in nuclear scattering radiography. A further investigation of the nuclear scattering of 500-1000 MeV protons is described. Three-demensional information on the desity distribution within carbon, CH and H2O phantoms is obtained with a volume resolution of 2 mm3. The separation of scattering on hydrogen from that on heavier nuclei, such as carbon and oxygen, is demonstrated, providing the statistics are sufficient. Some preliminary measurements on animals are reported, but with a volume resolution limited by statistics to 43 mm3.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019233"}
{"pmid": "1019234", "title": "Gamma dosimetry with Al2O3 thermoluminescent phosphor.", "content": "Gamma dosimetry with Al2O3 thermoluminescent phosphor. Preparation of thermoluminscence (TL) dosimetric grade A12O3 powder and pellets five times more sensitive than TLD-100 is described. Glow peaks at 50, 125, 250, 325, 475 and 625 degrees C with emission in the blue region have been observed; Si and Ti have been identified as the impurities responsible for TL in  this phosphor. Studies of the TL growth rate with exposure showed that the 250 degrees c peak grew linearly up to 400 R and then at a supralinear rate of (exposure). The growth of the 475 degrees c peak was almost linear at a rate of (exposure) 1-05, while that for the 625 degrees C peak was sublinear at (exposure) 0-85. The 250 and 475 degrees peaks together show a linear response up to 40 000 R. The phosphor had no light sensitivity and is very well suited for gamma dosimetry as pellets or powder. Studies of sensitization and supralinearity, with sensitizing exposure, sensitizing anneal temperature and test gamma and alpha exposures are reported. Initially filled 625 degrees C TL related traps were found to be essential for sensitizaiton. Supralinearity and sensitization in Al2O3 phosphor could be consistently explained by the deep trap model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019234"}
{"pmid": "1019235", "title": "Proton microbeam analysis in air.", "content": "Proton microbeam analysis in air.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019235"}
{"pmid": "1019236", "title": "A preliminary investigation of nuclear resonant scattering as a new technique for the in vivo measurement of hepatic copper.", "content": "A preliminary investigation of nuclear resonant scattering as a new technique for the in vivo measurement of hepatic copper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019236"}
{"pmid": "1019237", "title": "Self-shielding factors for TLD-600 TLD-100 in an isotropic flux of thermal neutrons.", "content": "Self-shielding factors for TLD-600 TLD-100 in an isotropic flux of thermal neutrons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019237"}
{"pmid": "1019238", "title": "The effect of obliquity in clinical thermograms.", "content": "The effect of obliquity in clinical thermograms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019238"}
{"pmid": "1019240", "title": "Neutron flux uniformity in in vivo neutron activation analysis.", "content": "Neutron flux uniformity in in vivo neutron activation analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019240"}
{"pmid": "1019239", "title": "Effects of tissue inhomogeneities on dose patterns in cylinders irradiated by negative-pion beams.", "content": "Effects of tissue inhomogeneities on dose patterns in cylinders irradiated by negative-pion beams.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019239"}
{"pmid": "1019241", "title": "Electrical conductance characteristics of some human erythrocyte membranes.", "content": "Electrical conductance characteristics of some human erythrocyte membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019241"}
{"pmid": "1019242", "title": "Dose variation in X-ray epilation for tinea capitis.", "content": "Dose variation in X-ray epilation for tinea capitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019242"}
{"pmid": "1019243", "title": "Independence of photoproduct formation on DNA conformation.", "content": "Independence of photoproduct formation on DNA conformation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019243"}
{"pmid": "1019244", "title": "Bilirubin-sensitized photoinactivation of enzymes in the isolated membrane of the human erythrocyte.", "content": "Bilirubin-sensitized photoinactivation of enzymes in the isolated membrane of the human erythrocyte.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019244"}
{"pmid": "1019245", "title": "A photochemical mid-ultraviolet dosimeter for practical use as a sunburn dosimeter.", "content": "A photochemical mid-ultraviolet dosimeter for practical use as a sunburn dosimeter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019245"}
{"pmid": "1019246", "title": "The effect of environmental light exposure on drug-induced porphyria in the rat.", "content": "The effect of environmental light exposure on drug-induced porphyria in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019246"}
{"pmid": "1019247", "title": "Evaluating the stability and reactivity of a light-sensitive probe by enzyme analysis.", "content": "Evaluating the stability and reactivity of a light-sensitive probe by enzyme analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019247"}
{"pmid": "1019248", "title": "The sunburning ultraviolet meter: design and performance.", "content": "The sunburning ultraviolet meter: design and performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019248"}
{"pmid": "1019249", "title": "Indication of fast triplet formation in bimolecular quenching of excited singlet states studied by conventional flash photolysis.", "content": "Indication of fast triplet formation in bimolecular quenching of excited singlet states studied by conventional flash photolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019249"}
{"pmid": "1019250", "title": "Target organ for a systemic effect of ultraviolet radiation.", "content": "Target organ for a systemic effect of ultraviolet radiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019250"}
{"pmid": "1019251", "title": "Effects of pigment heterogeneity on fluorescence in photosynthetic units.", "content": "Effects of pigment heterogeneity on fluorescence in photosynthetic units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019251"}
{"pmid": "1019252", "title": "The non-chemiluminescent reaction of luminol with singlet oxygen.", "content": "The non-chemiluminescent reaction of luminol with singlet oxygen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019252"}
{"pmid": "1019253", "title": "Measuring subnanosecond fluorescent lifetimes using photon counting.", "content": "Measuring subnanosecond fluorescent lifetimes using photon counting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019253"}
{"pmid": "1019254", "title": "Emission spectrum differences in fluorescent blacklight lamps.", "content": "Emission spectrum differences in fluorescent blacklight lamps.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019254"}
{"pmid": "1019255", "title": "The interaction of salts, amides, and water.", "content": "The interaction of salts, amides, and water. Infrared and Raman spectra are presented for salt solutions in N-methyl formamide and N,N'-dimethylformamide. Viscosities are reported for many of these solutions. Spectroscopic and viscosity data are also given for amide-salt solutions containing water. The three-component systems exhibit a hydrogen-bonding strength of water proton greater than amide proton, and an acceptor strength of Cl- greater than amide carbonyl oxygen greater than water oxygen. The salt cation is deduced by means of viscosity measurements to interact strongly with the amide carbonyl oxygen, even in the presence of appreciable quantities of water. Association of amides by hydrogen bonding through halide ions is also indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019255"}
{"pmid": "1019256", "title": "Effect of the hepatocarcinogen ethionine on hepatic messenger RNA synthesis.", "content": "Effect of the hepatocarcinogen ethionine on hepatic messenger RNA synthesis. An experiment was conducted to determine if any changes resulted in the proportion of hepatic messenger RNA following treatment with ethionine, a hepatocarcinogen. The relative specific activity of the total RNA isolated from nontumor-like tissues was increased in Sprague-Dawley rats fed ethionine. However, the percentage of total RNA that was message was found to be decreased in the ethionine-treated rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019256"}
{"pmid": "1019257", "title": "Hyperosmotic oxidation of glucose and decarboxylation of histidine in the gastric mucosa.", "content": "Hyperosmotic oxidation of glucose and decarboxylation of histidine in the gastric mucosa. Paired slices of rat gastric mucosa were incubated with labeled glucose or histidine in isosomotic solution of 3-fold hyperosmotic solutions concentrated in NaCl, KCl, or ethanol. The rate of (1-14C)glucose oxidation to 14CO2 in isosmotic solution was reduced by 74% in hyperosmotic NaCl and by 28% in hyperosmotic KCl. The rate of (6-14C)glucose oxidation to 14CO2 in isosmotic solution was reduced by 64% in hyperosmotic NaCl and by 53% in hyperosmotic KCl. Reductions of glucose oxidation in hyperosmotic ethanol were not significant. The ratio of 14CO2 formed from (1-14C)glucose to that formed from (6-14C)glucose was not significantly changes by hyperosmotic NaCl or ethanol, but was significantly raised by hyperosmotic KCl. The rate of (carboxyl-14C)histidine decarboxylation in isosomotic solution was reduced significantly by 48% in hyperosmotic NaCl, by 30% in hyperosmotic KCl, and by 27% in hyperosmotic ethanol. We conclude that hyperosmotic solutions reduce glucose oxidation and histidine decarboxylation by rat gastric mucosa in the order of potency: NaCl greater than Kcl greater than or equal to ethanol. Thus hyperosmotic solutions inhibit the source of metabolic energy for stimulated acid secretion, the citric acid cycle, and the formation of the secretagogue histamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019257"}
{"pmid": "1019258", "title": "Subcellular distribution and electrophoretic behavior of aminopeptidase in human placenta.", "content": "Subcellular distribution and electrophoretic behavior of aminopeptidase in human placenta. The activity of aminopeptidase was found by differential centrifugation to be distributed in the three main subcellular sites of human placenta: the lysosomal-mitochondrial, microsomal, and supernatant fractions. Placental lysosomes were isolated from the lysosomal-mitochondrial fraction and identified by electron microscopy. The lysosomal and microsomal aminopeptidases presented different electrophoretic patterns, suggested the existence of multiple molecular forms of aminopeptidase within the human placenta. Serum aminopeptidase appearing during pregnancy showed the same bands as those of the lysosomal enzyme. This finding suggests that the increased aminopeptidase in pregnancy serum may originate from the lysosomes of the placenta. Placental aminopeptidase bands were absent in fetal serum. The supernatant contained most of the total activity, which turned out to be due to contamination of this fraction by retroplacental blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019258"}
{"pmid": "1019259", "title": "Urinary chelates in penicillamine-induced cupuresis. Negative evidence for the involvement of a red-violet complex of copper and penicillamine in rabbits.", "content": "Urinary chelates in penicillamine-induced cupuresis. Negative evidence for the involvement of a red-violet complex of copper and penicillamine in rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019259"}
{"pmid": "1019260", "title": "Kinetics of the light flash of the living firefly: a supramolecular process.", "content": "Kinetics of the light flash of the living firefly: a supramolecular process. The light intensity vs. time curve of the light flash of the living firefly has been measured. Unlike the purified firefly enzyme system in aqueous solution, the living system does not show light decay conforming to a double exponential time curve, to simple first or second order decay, or to solid-state Elovich kinetics. Light decay of the living flash does show linearity in a probit vs. square root of time plot, which may indicate a reaction rate-limited by cooperative interactions of a biological phase transition. The observation that the kinetics of the firefly light system differ in the living cell from those in the purified system suggests that in the living system supramolecular factors control the rate of the reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019260"}
{"pmid": "1019279", "title": "Sleep-assisted instruction.", "content": "Sleep-assisted instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019279"}
{"pmid": "1019280", "title": "Spontaneous remission in adult neurotic disorders: a revision and summary.", "content": "Spontaneous remission in adult neurotic disorders: a revision and summary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019280"}
{"pmid": "1019281", "title": "Initial drug abuse: a review of predisposing social psychological factors.", "content": "Initial drug abuse: a review of predisposing social psychological factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019281"}
{"pmid": "1019282", "title": "Tactile-kinesthetic space estimation: the influence of gravity.", "content": "Tactile-kinesthetic space estimation: the influence of gravity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019282"}
{"pmid": "1019283", "title": "Monaural and binaural temporal integration of noise bursts.", "content": "Monaural and binaural temporal integration of noise bursts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019283"}
{"pmid": "1019284", "title": "Spatial and fixation conditions affecting the temporal course of changes in perceived relative distance.", "content": "Spatial and fixation conditions affecting the temporal course of changes in perceived relative distance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019284"}
{"pmid": "1019296", "title": "The world situation.", "content": "The world situation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019296"}
{"pmid": "1019295", "title": "The promotion of health.", "content": "The promotion of health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019295"}
{"pmid": "1019297", "title": "Asbetos--health hazards in perspective. Constructional uses.", "content": "Asbetos--health hazards in perspective. Constructional uses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019297"}
{"pmid": "1019298", "title": "Current information on the health risk of asbestos.", "content": "Current information on the health risk of asbestos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019298"}
{"pmid": "1019299", "title": "Safety measures when handling asbestos.", "content": "Safety measures when handling asbestos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019299"}
{"pmid": "1019300", "title": "The menace of pollution--fact or fiction? Pollution: myth or menace?--measure it!", "content": "The menace of pollution--fact or fiction? Pollution: myth or menace?--measure it!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019300"}
{"pmid": "1019301", "title": "Planning for the control of pollution.", "content": "Planning for the control of pollution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019301"}
{"pmid": "1019302", "title": "The assessment of health effects of pollution.", "content": "The assessment of health effects of pollution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019302"}
{"pmid": "1019309", "title": "Chromosomal radiosensitization by bismuth in Vicia faba.", "content": "Chromosomal radiosensitization by bismuth in Vicia faba.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019309"}
{"pmid": "1019313", "title": "Rate of lens lesion development and of the age of mice at time of irradiation.", "content": "Rate of lens lesion development and of the age of mice at time of irradiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019313"}
{"pmid": "1019321", "title": "Labelling of glutamine acid with 113mIn for scintigraphic examinations of liver and spleen.", "content": "Labelling of glutamine acid with 113mIn for scintigraphic examinations of liver and spleen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019321"}
{"pmid": "1019322", "title": "The influence of ionizing radiation on intestinal absorption of amino acids and their incorporation into proteins of the mucous membrane of the small intestine.", "content": "The influence of ionizing radiation on intestinal absorption of amino acids and their incorporation into proteins of the mucous membrane of the small intestine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019322"}
{"pmid": "1019325", "title": "Comparative studies in the glomerular filtration, the effective renal plasma-flow and ING by some chronic renal diseases.", "content": "Comparative studies in the glomerular filtration, the effective renal plasma-flow and ING by some chronic renal diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019325"}
{"pmid": "1019344", "title": "Nucleotide sequence analysis of coding and noncoding regions of human beta-globin mRNA.", "content": "Nucleotide sequence analysis of coding and noncoding regions of human beta-globin mRNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019344"}
{"pmid": "1019345", "title": "Mutation rates in globin genes: the genetic load and Haldane's dilemma.", "content": "Mutation rates in globin genes: the genetic load and Haldane's dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019345"}
{"pmid": "1019346", "title": "Structural studies on intact and deadenylylated rabbit globin mRNA.", "content": "Structural studies on intact and deadenylylated rabbit globin mRNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019346"}
{"pmid": "1019347", "title": "The relationship between hnRNA and mRNA.", "content": "The relationship between hnRNA and mRNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019347"}
{"pmid": "1019348", "title": "A comparison of nuclear and cytoplasmic viral RNAs synthesized early in productive infection with adenovirus 2.", "content": "A comparison of nuclear and cytoplasmic viral RNAs synthesized early in productive infection with adenovirus 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019348"}
{"pmid": "1019349", "title": "Biogenesis of silk fibroin mRNA: an example of very rapid processing?", "content": "Biogenesis of silk fibroin mRNA: an example of very rapid processing?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019349"}
{"pmid": "1019350", "title": "Visualization of the silk fibroin transcription unit and nascent silk fibroin molecules on polyribosomes of Bombyx mori.", "content": "Visualization of the silk fibroin transcription unit and nascent silk fibroin molecules on polyribosomes of Bombyx mori.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019350"}
{"pmid": "1019351", "title": "Distribution of hnRNA and mRNA sequences in nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes.", "content": "Distribution of hnRNA and mRNA sequences in nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019351"}
{"pmid": "1019352", "title": "The structure of specific genes in chromatin.", "content": "The structure of specific genes in chromatin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019352"}
{"pmid": "1019353", "title": "The structure of DNA in native chromatin as determined by ethidium bromide binding.", "content": "The structure of DNA in native chromatin as determined by ethidium bromide binding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019353"}
{"pmid": "1019354", "title": "Cellular skeletons and RNA messages.", "content": "Cellular skeletons and RNA messages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019354"}
{"pmid": "1019355", "title": "Nonhistone chromosomal proteins and histone gene transcription.", "content": "Nonhistone chromosomal proteins and histone gene transcription.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019355"}
{"pmid": "1019356", "title": "Selective transcription of DNA mediated by nonhistone proteins.", "content": "Selective transcription of DNA mediated by nonhistone proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019356"}
{"pmid": "1019357", "title": "Structure and function of the RNAs of brome mosaic virus.", "content": "Structure and function of the RNAs of brome mosaic virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019357"}
{"pmid": "1019358", "title": "Effect of 5'-terminal structures on the binding of ribopolymers to eukaryotic ribosomes.", "content": "Effect of 5'-terminal structures on the binding of ribopolymers to eukaryotic ribosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019358"}
{"pmid": "1019359", "title": "Protein and RNA synthesis in cultured muscle cells.", "content": "Protein and RNA synthesis in cultured muscle cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019359"}
{"pmid": "1019360", "title": "mRNA structure and function.", "content": "mRNA structure and function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019360"}
{"pmid": "1019361", "title": "Transcribed oligonucleotide sequences in Hela cell hnRNA and mRNA.", "content": "Transcribed oligonucleotide sequences in Hela cell hnRNA and mRNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019361"}
{"pmid": "1019363", "title": "Ca++ controlled contraction-relaxation cycle in glycerinated amoeboid cells.", "content": "Ca++ controlled contraction-relaxation cycle in glycerinated amoeboid cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019363"}
{"pmid": "1019362", "title": "The relationship of the dispersion phase of chromocentric nuclei in the mitotic cycle to DNA synthesis.", "content": "The relationship of the dispersion phase of chromocentric nuclei in the mitotic cycle to DNA synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019362"}
{"pmid": "1019364", "title": "Transsexualism and social attitudes. A case report.", "content": "Transsexualism and social attitudes. A case report. After a brief review of the literature, a case of a male-to-female transsexual, with a 4-year follow-up, is presented. The etiological factors and some social responses to this pathology are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019364"}
{"pmid": "1019365", "title": "EEG examination during delirium tremens.", "content": "EEG examination during delirium tremens. In 30 male patients several EEG examinations could be carried out during delirium tremens (d.t.) or shortly thereafter. Most of the patients showed a normal EEG or changes which can be explained with regard to sedation through medication. 1 patient showed generalized paroxysmal spike wave bursts. On account of experimental results, we may assume that a transitory cerebral excitibality change occures in d.t. This pathophysiological basis explains the normal EEGs and paroxysmal bursts during d.t. 4 cases showed passages of pronounced diffuse slow activity during d.t. partly accompanied by thythmic bilateral slow waves. These changes point to a complication of d.t. that occurs because of another disease which results in cerebral functional disturbances as in other organic psychoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019365"}
{"pmid": "1019367", "title": "Delusional perception and delusional notion linked to a perception.", "content": "Delusional perception and delusional notion linked to a perception. It is a neglected psychopathological fact that Schneider clearly differentiated the delusional notion linked to a perception (\"wahrnehmungsgebundener Wahneinfall\") from the delusional perception (\"Wahnwahrnehmung\"). When this distinction is not taken into account, it is very likely that the probability of a false positive rating for the delusional perception is increased. A possible practical aid to help operationalize the differential \"diagnosis\" between these two symptoms is offered. The section on \"delusional\" phenomena in Wing's present-state examination is then discussed in the light of these distinctions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019367"}
{"pmid": "1019369", "title": "Late suicide in former mental patients.", "content": "Late suicide in former mental patients. Results from the long-term follow-up studies \"The Enquĕte of Lausanne\" are presented, concerning the incidence of suicide in old age of former mental patients. Among 1,891 studied deaths, 107 (5.6%) known suicides occurred; the suicide rate for all diagnostic groups, except mental retardation (only females), being considerably higher than in the general Swiss population of the same age, especially for depressions, alcoholism, neurotic and psychopathic personality disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019369"}
{"pmid": "1019388", "title": "Changes in the bacterial cecal flora of mice infected with Trichuris muris (Schrank, 1788).", "content": "Changes in the bacterial cecal flora of mice infected with Trichuris muris (Schrank, 1788). Cecal microorganisms of mice were categorized and enumerated weekly during the developmental cycle of infection with the whipworm, Trichuris muris. The cecal bacterial population consisted of Escherichia coli, Proteus spp, Acinetobacter lwoffi (Mima polymorpha), aerobic lactobacilli, staphylococci, enterococci, and anaerobes (bacteroides, streptococci, and lactobacilli) in control and T. muris-infected mice. The aerobic lactobacilli and the anaerobes constituted the greatest number of organisms in both groups. In week three there was a decrease in the number of these organisms, and in week four fewer of these and of all other organisms in the worm-infected mice when compared to controls. The most significantly reduced bacterial counts were observed during the period of T. muris self-cure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019388"}
{"pmid": "1019389", "title": "The comparative susceptibility of male and female and of mature and immature cats to infection with sub-periodic Brugia malayi.", "content": "The comparative susceptibility of male and female and of mature and immature cats to infection with sub-periodic Brugia malayi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019389"}
{"pmid": "1019401", "title": "Concordance of blood pressure in spouses.", "content": "Concordance of blood pressure in spouses. It has been known for some years that familial aggregation of blood pressure levels occurs in adults. The question of how much of this aggregation can be attributed to genetical inheritance, and how much to a shared environment, is not yet resolved. Evidence of the influence of a common environment on blood pressure levels can be gained from examining spouses who are not genetically related. In a family study of blood pressure levels in children, 452 of the parents had had a single continuous marriage. These spouses had a small but significant association with respect to blood pressure, and this association varied with length of marriage. Different interpretations of this result are discussed in relation to those from longitudinal studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019401"}
{"pmid": "1019428", "title": "Errors in the measurement of total respiratory resistance and reactance by forced oscillations.", "content": "Errors in the measurement of total respiratory resistance and reactance by forced oscillations. The total respiratory resistance determined by means of the forced oscillation technique during spontaneous breathing demonstrates a variability which may be due (1) to variations of the resistance itself, (2) to the superposition of rapid oscillatory and slow respiratory signals, (3) to the presence in the breathing signals of harmonics the frequency of which is the same as that of the oscillations. In the present study we investigate the importance of the third cause of variability, in a mechanical system in which causes 1 and 2 have been excluded. It is shown that the presence of high frequency components in breathing is an important source of error in the measurement of instantaneous resistance and reactance. The error is larger at higher frequency and amplitude of breathing, lower frequency and amplitude of forced oscillations, and in the presence of a high respiratory impedance. The error is likely to be negligible when the frequency of the forced oscillation is high (e.g. 30 Hz). At lower frequencies, theinfluence of harmonies in breathing can be corrected by calculating average resistance or reactance values over one or more respiratory cycles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019428"}
{"pmid": "1019430", "title": "Measurement of 'closing volume' initiated from functional residual capacity.", "content": "Measurement of 'closing volume' initiated from functional residual capacity. Comparison of the nitrogen method closing volume (CV) test, with oxygen inspiration initiated at residual volume (RV method) and functional residual capacity (FRC method), was made in 91 seated normal subjects. For RV and FRC methods, respectively CV%VC (mean+/-SD) was 14.4% (+/-6.2) and 17.5%(+/-7.5) (P=0.005); slope of Phase III of CV trace was 0.99% N2/1 (+/-0.76) and 1.66% N2/1(+/-1.07) (P=0.005); size of cardiogenic oscillations was 1.05% N2(+/-0.42) and 1.21% N2(+/-0.40) (P=0.001). These data confirm earlier predictions, based on a calculated increased lung top to bottom N2 gradient in the FRC method. Support for this mechanism was obtained in 5 additional normal subjects in whom the increased CV%VC, slope of Phase III and size of cardiogenic oscillations with the FRC method were eliminated when the top-to-bottom N2 gradient was reduced by breathing a reduced FIN2. Measurements made using the classical RV method cannot be directly compared to those using the FRC method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019430"}
{"pmid": "1019429", "title": "Response to CO2 of intrapulmonary chemoreceptors in the emu.", "content": "Response to CO2 of intrapulmonary chemoreceptors in the emu. We studied discharge frequencies of 12 intrapulmonary chemoreceptors in the paleopulmonic lung of an emu (Dromiceius novaechollandiae) during unidirectional, artificial ventilation when step changes and static CO2 concentrations were given. Discharge frequency in afferent neurons from the receptors increased as intrapulmonary CO2 decreased. The response of the receptors to various static intrapulmonary CO2 concentrations was similar to that previously demonstrated for the duck and chicken. The median sensitivity of the emu receptors at one-half maximal discharge was 4.6 imp-(sec-0.01 F1CO2)-1. Discharge frequencies altered phasically in nine of 12 receptors when step changes in CO2 of 3.3% at 1.6 Hz were given in the unidirectional gas stream while four of 12 modulated their discharge when the CO2 changes were as rapid as 3.2 Hz. Hence, some receptors can respond to rapid fluctuations in CO2 in their microencironment. We conclude that intrapulmonary chemoreceptors in the paleopulmonic lung of the emu exhibit similar characteristics to those in birds that possess varying amounts of neopulmonic parabronchi, such as the duck and chicken.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019429"}
{"pmid": "1019431", "title": "Hypoxia and carbon dioxide as separate and interactive depressants of ventilation.", "content": "Hypoxia and carbon dioxide as separate and interactive depressants of ventilation. The respiratory frequency, tidal volume and ventilization responses of 20 conscious cats to hypoxia, at controlled levels of alveolar CO2, revealed a characteristic steady state response in the majority of animals which indicated a negative interaction of stimuli on tidal volume and minute volume of ventilation, but a positive interaction on frequency. Another series of studies, conducted on seven conscious cats, sought to identify hypoxic response thresholds and depression thresholds, by determining responses over a wide range of hypoxic stimulus intensities, and at different controlled alveolar PCO2. Response threshold was at about 65 torr PAO2. Under eucapnic conditions, ventilation began to fail at PAO2 about 30 torr due to failure of tidal volume. The frequency continued to increase even in the lowest range of PAO2. With hypocapnia no failure of ventilation, frequency, or tidal volume was seen even at the lowest PAO2, but with hypercapnia, the tidal volume began to fail at PAO2 about 50 torr. The minute volume however, continued to increase into the lowest range of PAO2, because the frequency continued to respond at a rate greater than the tidal volume was failing. The results are discussed in terms of interactive depression manifest through the coupled responses of peripheral and central mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019431"}
{"pmid": "1019432", "title": "Amount and rates of CO2 storage in lung tissue.", "content": "Amount and rates of CO2 storage in lung tissue. The slope of the lung tissue CO2 dissociation curve and the rate of storage of CO2 in the lung tissue were studied at 22 degrees C and at 37 degrees C in 21 isolated, bloodless dog lungs with a total of 465 separate observations. Results at the two temperatures were similar. The slope of the tissue dissociation curve of lung tissue at a PCO2 of 40 torr was approximately 0.3 ml CO2 X 100 g wet tissue-1 X torr-1. Normally, this storage was 90% complete in about 5 seconds. After carbonic anhydrase inhibition by acetazolamide, the total storage capacity was unchanged, but the rate at which storage occurred decreased significantly, so that it took about 25 seconds for 90% of the storage to be completed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019432"}
{"pmid": "1019433", "title": "Organisation of the auditory receptor.", "content": "Organisation of the auditory receptor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019433"}
{"pmid": "1019435", "title": "Problems of cochlear microphonic recording in man.", "content": "Problems of cochlear microphonic recording in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019435"}
{"pmid": "1019436", "title": "Electrophysiological study of the normal and pathological human cochlea. I. Presynaptic potentials.", "content": "Electrophysiological study of the normal and pathological human cochlea. I. Presynaptic potentials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019436"}
{"pmid": "1019437", "title": "Electrophysiological study of the normal and pathological human cochlea. II. Neural responses.", "content": "Electrophysiological study of the normal and pathological human cochlea. II. Neural responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019437"}
{"pmid": "1019438", "title": "Trans-tympanic electrocochleography in the investigation of retro-cochlear disorders.", "content": "Trans-tympanic electrocochleography in the investigation of retro-cochlear disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019438"}
{"pmid": "1019439", "title": "Principles in modeling biological systems.", "content": "Principles in modeling biological systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019439"}
{"pmid": "1019440", "title": "Modeling action potentials.", "content": "Modeling action potentials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019440"}
{"pmid": "1019443", "title": "Clinical use of auditory evoked potentials.", "content": "Clinical use of auditory evoked potentials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019443"}
{"pmid": "1019444", "title": "Properties of auditory brainstem evoked responses.", "content": "Properties of auditory brainstem evoked responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019444"}
{"pmid": "1019445", "title": "Contingent negative variations and differential hearing thresholds.", "content": "Contingent negative variations and differential hearing thresholds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019445"}
{"pmid": "1019446", "title": "Electrophysiological measures of auditory perception.", "content": "Electrophysiological measures of auditory perception.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019446"}
{"pmid": "1019447", "title": "Electrophysiological data and psychophysical measurement.", "content": "Electrophysiological data and psychophysical measurement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019447"}
{"pmid": "1019454", "title": "Some aspects of the rarely encountered aseptic meningitis in the epidermoid cysts evolution.", "content": "Some aspects of the rarely encountered aseptic meningitis in the epidermoid cysts evolution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019454"}
{"pmid": "1019463", "title": "Influence of lithium carbonate on the nucleic acid concentrations in the guinea-pig brain and liver.", "content": "Influence of lithium carbonate on the nucleic acid concentrations in the guinea-pig brain and liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019463"}
{"pmid": "1019536", "title": "Infectivity for mice of cercariae, schistosomules and intermediate forms of Schistosoma mansoni, obtained in vitro.", "content": "Infectivity for mice of cercariae, schistosomules and intermediate forms of Schistosoma mansoni, obtained in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019536"}
{"pmid": "1019539", "title": "Experimental chemotherapy of schistosomiasis mansoni. XIV. Active derivatives of aminoethanephosphorothioate, disulfide, and isothiourea.", "content": "Experimental chemotherapy of schistosomiasis mansoni. XIV. Active derivatives of aminoethanephosphorothioate, disulfide, and isothiourea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019539"}
{"pmid": "1019537", "title": "Evaluation of Borda & Pellegrino's technique in the quantitative diagnosis of hookworm infections.", "content": "Evaluation of Borda & Pellegrino's technique in the quantitative diagnosis of hookworm infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019537"}
{"pmid": "1019535", "title": "Human rabies. II. Serological studies and intra-vitam virus isolation.", "content": "Human rabies. II. Serological studies and intra-vitam virus isolation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019535"}
{"pmid": "1019538", "title": "The crowding effect in Schistosoma mansoni infection of hamsters: influence on worm size.", "content": "The crowding effect in Schistosoma mansoni infection of hamsters: influence on worm size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019538"}
{"pmid": "1019542", "title": "A turbidimetric assay method for studying antibody-induced lysis of hapten-coated erythrocytes.", "content": "A turbidimetric assay method for studying antibody-induced lysis of hapten-coated erythrocytes. A method is described, based on the application of trubidimetry for study of antibody-mediated complement-dependent lysis of hapten-coated erythrocytes. The procedure is simple, reliable and sensitive. Time-rate studies over the entire range of interaction between the reactants are possible, with a minimal consumption of materials and time. The method also gives the possibility of adding substances to the reaction mixture, even at high concentrations, without introducing errors by multiple handling and washing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019542"}
{"pmid": "1019541", "title": "Autofluorescent hepatic particles in HB ag sero-positive patients (preliminary report).", "content": "Autofluorescent hepatic particles in HB ag sero-positive patients (preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019541"}
{"pmid": "1019540", "title": "Preliminary studies on the antischistosomal activity of topically applied oxamniquine.", "content": "Preliminary studies on the antischistosomal activity of topically applied oxamniquine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019540"}
{"pmid": "1019543", "title": "Ultrastructural changes in HEp-2 cells treated with staphylococcal alpha-toxin.", "content": "Ultrastructural changes in HEp-2 cells treated with staphylococcal alpha-toxin. The effect of highly purified staphylococcal alpha-toxin on HEp-2 neoplastic cells growing in culture was studied by electron microscopy. In addition to some nuclear modifications, the most significant morphological changes were in mitochondrial structure, alpha-toxin seems to induce a defined sequence of changes in mitochondrial configuration which can be summarized as an earlier phase of 'condensation' of mitochondrial structure and a later phase of mitochondrial swelling with an intermediate 'transitional' configuration. The significance of these findings is discussed in the light of the present state of knowledge of the biological characteristics of staphylococcal alpha-toxin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019543"}
{"pmid": "1019544", "title": "The capnogram in the study of chronic obstructive lung disease.", "content": "The capnogram in the study of chronic obstructive lung disease. The purpose of this study is: 1) to emphasize the importance of the capnogram in the investigation of ventilatory disorders of the obstructive type; 2) to propose a numerical parameter representative of the capnogram; 3) to ascertain, by means of this parameter, possible correlations between capnogram changes and other tests of lung function. This parameter enables a quantitative criterion to be substituted for a descriptive one in assessment of the capnogram; The study covered 245 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease; We observed that as the capnographic tracing becomes more and more pathological, the lung function tests show progressive deterioration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019544"}
{"pmid": "1019545", "title": "The role of nuclear medicine procedures in clinical nephrology: current clinical status and future directions.", "content": "The role of nuclear medicine procedures in clinical nephrology: current clinical status and future directions. This review discusses the use of radionuclides in nephrology. Radioactive materials may be used for measurements of renal function (glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow) and for renal imaging. The compounds of choice for GFR and RPF measurements are 125I iothalamate and 125I orthoiodohippurate, respectively. Neither is the ideal agent since the radiolabeled yields a high radiation dose. No single agent has emerged as the best for renal imaging, however, a great many have been introduced in the last few years and their relative merits are reviewed here. The rationale for use of radionuclides in nephrology is based on an awareness of the pathophysiology of the disease process and of the physiologic handling of the radiopharmaceutical used in the diagnostic study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019545"}
{"pmid": "1019546", "title": "Trace elements in biological systems: nuclear techniques app.", "content": "Trace elements in biological systems: nuclear techniques app. Nuclear techniques are very useful in the simultaneous determination of many trace elements in biological samples; the sensitivity depends on the method and on the elements in study and in many cases is better than 0;1 ppm. Proton-induced X-ray fluorescence and alpha-particle elastic diffusion techniques are described; the methods of sample preparation, the sensitivity obtained and some experimental results are included.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019546"}
{"pmid": "1019569", "title": "Alectopsylla unisetosa nov. gen., nov. spec. (Siphonaptera, Ischnopsyllidae) from Argentina.", "content": "Alectopsylla unisetosa nov. gen., nov. spec. (Siphonaptera, Ischnopsyllidae) from Argentina.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019569"}
{"pmid": "1019573", "title": "Blood pressure measurement of all five fingers by strain gauge plethysmography.", "content": "Blood pressure measurement of all five fingers by strain gauge plethysmography. The aim of the present paper was to study the methodological problems involved in measuring systolic blood pressure in all five fingers by the strain gauge technique. In 24 normal subjects, blood pressure at the proximal phalanx of finger I and both at the proximal and the intermediate phalanx of the other fingers was measured using a 24-mm-wide cuff. Blood pressure at the proximal phalanx was higher than that at the intermediate phalanx in all fingers except finger V. The difference of blood pressure values corresponded well with circumference of the finger. In 15 normal subjects, blood pressure at the proximal phalanx was compared in fingers I, III, IV, and V, using 16, 20, 24 and 24 mm wide cuffs. Finger blood pressure was closest to arm systolic blood pressure when a 24-mm or 27-mm-wide cuff was used in fingers I, III, and IV, and with a 20-mm-wide cuff in finger V. As the standard deviation of the mean values was larter with the 27-mm-wide cuff than with the 24-mm-wide cuff, the 24-mm-wide cuff was considered to be most suitable for clinical use in fingers I, II, III, and IV. By using the 20-mm-wide cuff in finger V and the 24-mm-wide cuff in the other fingers, normal value of finger blood pressure was determined for both proximal and intermediate phalanxes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019573"}
{"pmid": "1019571", "title": "Mechanism of isotonic fluid transport in the intestinal tract and kidney tubules.", "content": "Mechanism of isotonic fluid transport in the intestinal tract and kidney tubules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019571"}
{"pmid": "1019575", "title": "Salicylate- and aspirin-induced uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria isolated from the mucosal membrane of the stomach.", "content": "Salicylate- and aspirin-induced uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria isolated from the mucosal membrane of the stomach. The hypothesis that the damaging effect on the stomach mucosa of salicylic acid and its derivatives is ascribable to an uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation has been investigated by testing of mitochondria isolated from the corpus gland area of mini-pig gastric mucosa. Mitochondria, influenced by salicylate or acetylsalicylate (0.7-5.6 mmol/l), demonstrated increased respiration rate, decreased respiratory control ratio, and decreased P/O ratio when tested in vitro. Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation occurred at a salicylate concentration between 3.5 and 5.6 mmol/l.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019575"}
{"pmid": "1019576", "title": "Influence of hypoxia and hyperoxia on subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow in man.", "content": "Influence of hypoxia and hyperoxia on subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow in man. Subcutaneous adipose tissue blood flow (ATBF) was measured by the 133Xe washout method in normal men breathing oxygen at partial pressures from 0.1 to 2 atmospheres. Breathing oxygen at partial pressures of 0.1 and 1 atm. increased and reduced ATBF by 56% and 26%, respectively as compared to air breathing. These effects were highly significant. Breathing of oxygen at 2 atm. partial pressure had no consistent effect on ATBF, although considerable changes--positive or negative--could been seen in some experiments. Oxygen-breathing at 1 atm. partial pressure is associated with a slight hyperventilation and fall in PACO2. This was shown to be without importance for the effect of oxygen on adipose tissue blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019576"}
{"pmid": "1019574", "title": "Intra-arterial infusion of prostaglandin E1 in normal subjects and patients with peripheral arterial disease.", "content": "Intra-arterial infusion of prostaglandin E1 in normal subjects and patients with peripheral arterial disease. Acute vasodilatation was produced by infusion of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in the femoral artery in 6 patients with occlusive arterial disease of the legs and in 3 normal subjects. The effect on blood flow and on blood pressure was measured at different segments of the leg with the strain gauge technique, isotope clearance technique, and photoelectric technique. Skin temperature was measured at different levels by using thermocouples. The blood pressure on the legs decreased at all segments during vasodilatation as well in patients as in controls. The blood flow increased in all segments in normal controls. In patients the blood flow increased proximally in the legs. Distally, however, no increase could be demonstrated. As a good effect of PGE1, on ischaemic rest pains has been reported, mechanisms other than vasodilatation should probably be considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019574"}
{"pmid": "1019572", "title": "Effect of acetazolamide on glomerular balance and renal metabolic rate.", "content": "Effect of acetazolamide on glomerular balance and renal metabolic rate. Glomerulotubular balance, defined as proportionality between filtered and reabsorbed sodium during inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (diluting segment), was examined in anaesthetized dogs by gradual reduction of renal arterial pressure. In control experiments, glomerulotubular balance applied over the whole rante of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) examined but was absent after acetazolamide administration (30 mg/kg/body wt) at GFR above 50% of control. Hence, the inhibitory effect of acetazolamide varied with GFR. At control GFR, acetazolamide reduced tubular sodium reabsorption by 32 +/- 2% chloride reabsorption by 34 +/- 3%, and bicarbonate reabsorption by 52 +/- 2%; no significant effect was observed at GFR below 50% of control. For each bicarbonate ion, three sodium ions and two chloride ions were inhibited. Measurements of renal oxygen consumption and heat accumulation rates showed that acetazolamide did not reduce renal metabolic rate significantly. It is proposed that energy-requiring hydrogen ion secretion occurs at unchanges rate during variations in GFR but that back leakage of hydrogen ions varies with bicarbonate concentration in tubular fluid. Net secretion of hydrogen ions is associated with bicarbonate transport into the intercellular space and is linked with sodium reabsorption. The concentration difference of bicarbonate salts over the tight junction (zonula occludens), which is much less permeable to bicarbonate than to sodium chloride, provides the osmotic force for reabsorption of water and sodium chloride from the tubular lumen into the intercellular space. Glomerulotubular balance is mediated by variations in filtered amounts of bicarbonate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019572"}
{"pmid": "1019577", "title": "The metabolism in man of intravenously injected iodine-labelled trascobalamin I not saturated with cobalamin.", "content": "The metabolism in man of intravenously injected iodine-labelled trascobalamin I not saturated with cobalamin. Transcobalamin I not saturated with cobalamin was purified. After iodine-labelling, a fraction of approximately 0.6 retained its cobalamin-binding capacity. Iodinated protein was used for turnover studies in three healthy subjects. The plasma curves obtained were identical to those of iodinated transcobalamin I saturated with cyanocobalamin. The cobalamin-binding capacity of the iodinated protein was determined on microcolumns containing insolubilized cobalamin. The binding capacity decreased rapidly, only 50% of the initial unsaturated cobalamin-binding capacity remaining after 0.2 to 0.3 days. It is concluded that the turnover of transcobalamin I not saturated with cobalamin does not differ from the turnover of transcobalamin I saturated with cyanocobalamin, and that transcobalamin I saturated with cobalamin in vivo is metabolized at the same rate as is transcobalamin I saturated with cyanocobalamin in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019577"}
{"pmid": "1019578", "title": "An automated micromethod for the determination of serum iron.", "content": "An automated micromethod for the determination of serum iron. A rapid, automated micromethod is reported for the determination of serum iron with the AutoAnalyzer I system. 95 mul of serum is required, and the analysis is run at a speed of 50 samples per hour. Copper does not interfere with the iron analysis. Total iron-binding capacity can be measured with this method. Reference values for the serum iron concentration in children 6 weeks to 6 years old are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019578"}
{"pmid": "1019579", "title": "The estimated daily loss of trace elements from normal skin by desquamation.", "content": "The estimated daily loss of trace elements from normal skin by desquamation. The content of 21 elements (As, Au, Br, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, La, Mo, P, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, W and Zn) in normal epidermis has been determined with the aid of neutron activation analysis. The dermal loss of these elements via desquamation has been calculated in view of its possible importance in balance studies. For the bulk elements Ca, K and P, the calculated daily loss is considered to be negligible. For some of the trace elements, however, the loss may be appreciable. The daily loss of Fe by desquamation may be as much as one fourth of the daily urinary iron excretion; the corresponding fraction for Co, Cu, and Zn is one tenth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019579"}
{"pmid": "1019580", "title": "Positional fatty acid composition in total and acetone-precipitated amniotic fluid lecithin.", "content": "Positional fatty acid composition in total and acetone-precipitated amniotic fluid lecithin. The fatty acid composition of lecithin has been determined separately at the 1- and 2-position in 22 samples of amniotic fluid. Palmitic acid (16:0) was the main fatty acid present at both carbon atom positions throughout the last trimester. Myristic acid (14:0) was present in very small amounts only. There was no evidence of 1-palmitoyl/2-myristoyl lecithin being present in more than trace amounts before 35 weeks of gestation. The positional specificity of the methylation pathway is therefore doubtful. Acetone precipitation of lecithin did not alter the observed fatty acid composition at either position, indicating that this procedure precipitates the different lecithin subspecies in equal proportion, without any preference for disaturated species. This method therefore fails to isolate a lecithin fraction with a specific fatty acid composition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019580"}
{"pmid": "1019581", "title": "Amniotic fluid palmitic acid concentrations and prediction of fetal lung maturity.", "content": "Amniotic fluid palmitic acid concentrations and prediction of fetal lung maturity. A method for rapid determination of total esterified palmitic acid concentration (TEPAC) in amniotic fluid is described. The correlation coefficient between the TEPAC and the lecithin concentration was 0.93 in 123 samples of amniotic fluid obtained during the last trimester. The respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurred in 73% of the cases studied with TEPAC less than mmol/l in predelivery samples. The RDS was not observed with higher concentrations except in cases of maternal diabetes mellitus. The predictive value of total esterified fatty acid studies was confirmed to the concentration of palmitic acid recorded, and no specific fatty acid distributions or ratios were reliable in identifying RDS or estimating gestational age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019581"}
{"pmid": "1019582", "title": "The effect of lysolecithin on the release of oleate from triolein by human post-heparin lipase.", "content": "The effect of lysolecithin on the release of oleate from triolein by human post-heparin lipase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019582"}
{"pmid": "1019584", "title": "Fibrinolytic activity in wound secretions.", "content": "Fibrinolytic activity in wound secretions. Debrisan, a highly hydrophilic dextran polymer, was previously shown to be effective in cleaning infected wounds. The dry beads remove wound secretions from the wound surface under gel formation. The gel can then be analysed. A high fibrinolycic activity on fibrin plates and high levels of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were found in the secretions from 12 wounds. Low of plasminogen, antithrombin III and the absence of coagulable fribinogen also indicated a high fibrinolytic activity. A higher fibrinolytic activity on heated than on unheated fibrin plates, and the insignificant effect of local application of EACA suggest the presence of other proteolytic enzymes than plasmin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019584"}
{"pmid": "1019583", "title": "Assay of pyroglutamate hydrolase (5-oxoprolinase) in tissue homogenates.", "content": "Assay of pyroglutamate hydrolase (5-oxoprolinase) in tissue homogenates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019583"}
{"pmid": "1019585", "title": "Innervation of human axillary sweat glands. Histochemical and electron microscopic study of hyperhidrotic and normal subjects.", "content": "Innervation of human axillary sweat glands. Histochemical and electron microscopic study of hyperhidrotic and normal subjects. Adrenergic nerves were demonstrated by formaldehyde-induced fluorescence and cholinergic nerves using thiocholine techniques to demonstrate acetylcholinesterase activities at the light and electron microscopic levels. The specimens were taken during surgery from the axillae of hyperhidrotic patients and normal voluntary controls. No fluorescent nerves were found around eccrine or apocrine sweat glands in hyperhidrotic or normally sweating axillae. Both eccrine and apocrine sweat glands exhibited a nerve network showing acetylcholinesterase activity. There was no marked difference in the innervation patterns or in the intensity of the acetylcholinesterase reaction of the nerves in the hyperhidrotic patients or normal subjects. Ultrastructurally the acetylcholinesterase-positive nerves were seen in the vicinity of both eccrine and apocrine glands, but these nerves were outside the basement membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019585"}
{"pmid": "1019586", "title": "Tracheal reconstruction with perichondrial grafts.", "content": "Tracheal reconstruction with perichondrial grafts. Since 1972 a series of experiments (Skoog, Ohlsén & Sohn, 1972; 1975; Ohlsén, 1976) has been performed to elucidate the potential of perichondrial grafts to generate cartilage. In 1974 Sohn & Ohlsén demonstrated in rabbits that tracheal cartilage could be reconstructed from free perichondrial grafts.  As these studies were carried out with an intact tracheal mucosa a series of experiments was conducted in rabbits, and reported in this paper, in which a tracheal section containing two cartiliages and the covering mucous membrane was removed and replaced with a free perichondrial graft taken from the ear. New cartilege formed in all animals.  The reconstructed portion of trachea was partly covered by ciliated cells of normal appearance, partly by low epithelium with microvilli.  These latter areas were mainly within the central parts of the regenerated mucosa. The use of perichondrial grafts for tracheal reconstruction was also studied in two series of dogs. In four dogs a tracheal section, consisting of two comlete cartilages with the covering mucosa, was completely removed.  The circumferential defect was reconstructed by free perichondrial grafats from rib cartilage.  They were placed on two fascial flaps which had been raised from the adjacent muscles, rotated into the defect and sutured for complete coverage. Regeneration of cartilage occurred in all dogs, producing a biologic framework.  The lining of the reconstructed tracheal section was completely restored by epithelialization from the surrounding mucosa.  Low epithelial cells were successively replaced by columnar ciliated cells typical of the respiratory tract. The morphological development of the regenerated epithelium was demonstrated by electron microscopy. The regenerated mucosa exhibited normal function by passing mucus across the reconstructed area. This was recorded by filming at low speed using Cardio-green as indicator. All the animals of this series developed tracheal stenosis within the reconstructed portion. Another experiment was therefore carried out in which four dogs were subjected to the same operative procedure. Postoperatively, however, during the phase of healing, a silicon tube was inserted and left in situ to maintain expansion of the reconstructed portion. By this means stenosis could be prevented with good regeneration of the mucosal lining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019586"}
{"pmid": "1019587", "title": "Carcinoma of the external ear.", "content": "Carcinoma of the external ear. An analysis of 246 operated patients with 260 carcinomas of the external ears from the periods 1949-57 and 1962-67 is presented. Carcinoma of the external ear occurs in Denmark with a frequency of 1.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants and constitutes approximately 6% of all skin cancers. In the present material 67% of the tumours were squamous-cell carcinomas and 30% were basal-cell carcinomas. These forms of tumours were most frequent in elderly men who have had outdoor employment. Half of these tumours were sited on the helix and lobe, while one quarter, respectively, were sited medially and laterally. 15% of the squamous-cell carcinomas recurred, 3% of the these with metastases of the regional lymph nodes. Of the basal-cell carcinomas 18% recurred but with no metastases of the regional lymph nodes. The frequency of recurrence did not depend on the site of the tumour on the ear, but it did increase with increasing tumour size. The 5-year survival rate without recurrence was 56% +/- 4% for the squamous-cell carcinomas, and for the basal-cell carcinomas 59% +/- 6.5%. It is concluded that surgical treatment is best suited for these tumours, and the minimum excision distance for basal-cell carcinomas of less than 3 cm in size should be 8 mm, while for squamous-cell carcinomas of the same size the distance should be 10 mm. For both forms of tumour where the greatest extent is more than 3 cm the excision distance should be at least 15 mm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019587"}
{"pmid": "1019588", "title": "Surgical treatment of the rheumatoid thumb. Special reference to the metacarpophalangeal joint.", "content": "Surgical treatment of the rheumatoid thumb. Special reference to the metacarpophalangeal joint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019588"}
{"pmid": "1019589", "title": "Cellular patterns in the early phase of healing wounds in children.", "content": "Cellular patterns in the early phase of healing wounds in children. Cellular patterns of the healing incisional wound were studied in 55 pediatric surgical patients by the CELLSTIC method. This wound drain, specially developed for this purpose, consists af a standard-sized, viscose cellulose sponge, inside a thin silicone rubber tube. When left between the wound edges, wound exudate flows outwards through the drain, allowing its cells to attach to the sponge surface. The sponge serves as a framework where the cells may migrate, divide and transform. During the first 12 hours the cellular pattern in the sponge resembles that of peripheral blood, whereafter the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, almost exclusively neutrophils, gradually increases. Later on lymphocytes and monocytes invade. The first fibroblasts were seen at the end of the third postoperative day.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019589"}
{"pmid": "1019590", "title": "Studies on healing of Debrisan-treated wounds.", "content": "Studies on healing of Debrisan-treated wounds. Debrisan (Pharmacia AB, Sweden) is a highly hydrophilic dextran polymer in the form of dry, spheric beads. When dry Debrisan beads are placed on a wound, the wound secretions are sucked up into and between the beads. No crust is formed on the wound. Bacteria granular substances are removed with the secretions. Treatment with Debrisan was found to be very effective in cleansing discharging wounds. Since Debrisan treatment removes substances from the wound area, e.g. prostaglandins, this might affect the process of repair. The morphology of wounds was studied with the aid of histological and histochemical methods. In 15 patients, donor sites on one thigh, treated with Debrisan, were compared with donor sites on the contralateral thigh, subjected to open treatment. In pigs, comparison was made between Debrisan-treated with Vaseline-gauze-covered dermal burns. In man, the inflammatory reaction was less pronounced in the Debrisan-treated wound and located more superficially then in the wound left open, where perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrates were found even deep in the dermis. In pigs the burns exhibited similar differences. Thus the inflammatory reaction in the Debrisan-treated wounds was less pronounced than in the control wounds. Debrisan beads were never seen below the wound surface. No unfavourable influence of Debrisan treatment was observed on the process of repair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019590"}
{"pmid": "1019591", "title": "Linguistic relativity and the diagnosis of schizophrenia.", "content": "Linguistic relativity and the diagnosis of schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019591"}
{"pmid": "1019592", "title": "Psychophamacological treatment.", "content": "Psychophamacological treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019592"}
{"pmid": "1019593", "title": "Schizophrenia and sensitivity to the family environment.", "content": "Schizophrenia and sensitivity to the family environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019593"}
{"pmid": "1019594", "title": "Exposure to trichloroethylene I. Uptake and distribution in man.", "content": "Exposure to trichloroethylene I. Uptake and distribution in man. Fifteen healthy male subjects were exposed to about 540 and 1,080 mg/m3 of trichloroethylene (TRI) in the air during rest and exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Each subject was exposed during four 30-min periods. The arterial blood concentration increased linearly with the concentration in the alveolar air. The uptake of TRI was about 55% of the supplied amount at rest. At a work load of 150 W during the fourth period the percentage uptake decreased to about 25%. For one fairly thin subject the uptake was near zero at the end of exposure. This development was probably due to the relatively low solubility of TRI in blood and tissues. The uptake of TRI may be estimated from pulmonary ventilation and the concentration in alveolar and inspiratory air.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019594"}
{"pmid": "1019595", "title": "Exposure to trichloroethylene II. Metabolites in blood and urine.", "content": "Exposure to trichloroethylene II. Metabolites in blood and urine. Fifteen men were exposed to trichloroethylene (TRI) in three different ways with regard to the concentration of TRI in the air as well as exercise on a bicycle ergometer. The total amount of TRI supplied and taken up by each person was measured. The concentrations of trichloroethanol (TCE) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA) were determined in blood and urine. In spite of large differences in uptake, there were only small differences in the concentration of TCA in blood during the day of exposure. There was a large scatter for the values of TCA in urine within each group. The concentration of TCE in arterial blood increased during exposure. Thereafter the concentrations were almost constant for 2 h and differed among the groups. These results can be interpreted as being due to balanced rates of the formation and elimination of TCE. The levels mentioned were related to the uptake of TRI. The same was found for the rate of excretion of TCE in urine when calculations were made from the morning sample obtained the day after exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019595"}
{"pmid": "1019596", "title": "Exposure to trichloroethylene III. Psychological functions.", "content": "Exposure to trichloroethylene III. Psychological functions. The effect of exposure to the solvent trichloroethylene (TRI) on the performance of tests of numerical ability, reaction time (simple and choice), and short-term memory was studied in 15 healthy male subjects. The subjects were tested individually on three different occasions during exposure to 540 and 1,080 mg/m3 of TRI in inspiratory air and under control conditions, respectively. At predetermined times during the three 70-min exposure periods, samples were taken of the subjects' alveolar air. Neither the reaction time tests nor the short-term memory test showed any signs of performance decrement during exposure to TRI as compared to those administered under control conditions. However, a statistically significant decrement in performance was obtained on the test of numerical ability during exposure to TRI. The results as a whole indicate that there should not be any risk of an acute effect on central nervous functions at concentrations which do not considerably exceed the Swedish threshold limit value for the solvent (160 mg/m3).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019596"}
{"pmid": "1019597", "title": "Relationships between lead absorption and peripheral nerve conduction velocities in lead workers.", "content": "Relationships between lead absorption and peripheral nerve conduction velocities in lead workers. The motor sensory, and mixed nerve conduction velocities of median and posterior tibial nerves were measured in 39 lead workers whose blood lead (PbB) concentrations ranged from 2 to 73  mug/100 g with anaverage of 29 mug/100 g. The PbB concentrations significantly correlated with the maximal motor nerve conduction velocities (MCV) and mixed nerve conduction velocities (MNCV) of the median nerve in the forearm and with the MCV of the posterior tibial nerve. Erythrocyte delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity correlated similarly with the MCV and MNCV of the median nerve in the forearm, and the 24-hour urinary lead excretion following the intravenous administration of CaEDTA (20 mg/kg) (lead mobilization test) correlated with the MNCV. But no parameter correlated with the sensory nerve conduction velocities. By multiple regression analysis, a combination of the three parameters of lead absorption was found to correlate significantly with the MCV and MNCV of the median nerve in the forearm. The MCVs of the median and posterior tibial nerves in lead workers were significantly delayed in the PbB range of 29-73 mug/100 g (mean 45), in the lead mobilization test range from 173 to 3,540 mug/day (mean 973), and the ALAD activity range from 4.4 to 19.4 u. (mean 14.0), respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019597"}
{"pmid": "1019598", "title": "Magnetic measurements of pulmonary contamination.", "content": "Magnetic measurements of pulmonary contamination. The magnitic determination of pulmonary contamination is based on the remanent magnetization of ferromagnetic contaminating particles. The remanent field of the externally magnetized particles is proportional to their amount and shows their distribution. Although only magnetizable particles are detected with this method, the amount of the inhaled ferromagnetic substance can be used when the total dust exposure of the worker is estimated. In this work five shipyard welders were studied. First the particles disposed to the lungs were externally magnetized and then their distribution was mapped with a sensitive magnetometer. The magnitudes of the remanent fields measured from the welders differed from the fields measured from controls by several orders of magnitude. The radiographic findings showed a good correlation with the magnetic measurements, and further experiments will prove whether this method can partly replace presently used radiological investigations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019598"}
{"pmid": "1019599", "title": "Cardiopulmoanry bypass hemorrhage: a surgeon's point of view.", "content": "Cardiopulmoanry bypass hemorrhage: a surgeon's point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019599"}
{"pmid": "1019608", "title": "Of death and euthanasia.", "content": "Of death and euthanasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019608"}
{"pmid": "1019609", "title": "The Whampoa-Kallang malaria outbreak, 1974-5.", "content": "The Whampoa-Kallang malaria outbreak, 1974-5.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019609"}
{"pmid": "1019610", "title": "Malignant melanomas of the upper respiratory tract.", "content": "Malignant melanomas of the upper respiratory tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019610"}
{"pmid": "1019611", "title": "Photo coagulation in the management of retinal disorders--a preliminary report.", "content": "Photo coagulation in the management of retinal disorders--a preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019611"}
{"pmid": "1019612", "title": "Quality of life and the right to live.", "content": "Quality of life and the right to live.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019612"}
{"pmid": "1019614", "title": "Experience of a comprehensive infertility clinic in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Singapore.", "content": "Experience of a comprehensive infertility clinic in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Singapore. The diagnosis, treatment, and pregnancy outcome for 709 infertile couples who attended the comprehensive infertility clinic of the University of Singapore's Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from 1970-1974 are presented.  Investigations for most of the couples were completed within 3 months.  This short investigative period was attributable primarly to the use of laparoscopy to diagnose female infertility.  In 22.5% of the 709 cases infertility was due to ovulation problems.  After treatment eith either clomiphene, human pituitory gonadotrophin, or a combination of clomiphene and human chorinic gonadotrophin, pregnancy was achieved in 30.6% of the cases.  11.7% or 83 of the 709 infertility cases were attributed to blocked tubes.  28 of these patients received tubal surgery, but only 14.3% or 4 of these cases resulted in pregnancy.  In 14.7% of the 709 cases, infertility was attributed to endometriosis.  90% of the patients with endometriosis were asymptomatic, and the liesons discovered by laparoscopy, were very small.  Pregnancy eventually occurred in 27.6% of the cases treated for endometriosis.  In 5.8% of the 709 cases infertility was due to mixed gynecological problems, and after treatment, conception occurred among 31.7% of the cases.  For 23.1%, or 147 of the 709 couples, infertility was attributed to either oligospermia or azoospermia.  85 of the 147 patients were given hormone therapy and in 12.9% of these cases pregnancy was achieved.  14 of the 147 patients were treated with antibotics for 3-6 months and in 14.3% of these cases pregnancy was achieved.  9 of the 147 patients were surgically treated and in 4 of these cases pregnancy later occurred.  20 of the 147 couples were treated with artifical insemination of donor semen and in 25.0% of these cases pregnancy occurred.  Another 19 of the 147 cases were treated with artificial insemination with the husband's semen and conception occurred in 26.8% of these cases.  The remaining 22.1% of the 709 couples were apparently normal and 47.8% of these untreated couples later achieved pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019614"}
{"pmid": "1019615", "title": "Rheumatoid arthritis in Singapore, a clinical study.", "content": "Rheumatoid arthritis in Singapore, a clinical study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019615"}
{"pmid": "1019616", "title": "The pattern of traumatic spinal cord lesions in Singapore--an analysis of 70 patients admitted to the spinal unit, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng hospital.", "content": "The pattern of traumatic spinal cord lesions in Singapore--an analysis of 70 patients admitted to the spinal unit, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tan Tock Seng hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019616"}
{"pmid": "1019617", "title": "Pyloric stenosis in the ethnic groups of Singapore.", "content": "Pyloric stenosis in the ethnic groups of Singapore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019617"}
{"pmid": "1019619", "title": "Cardiac beri-beri presenting with shock.", "content": "Cardiac beri-beri presenting with shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019619"}
{"pmid": "1019618", "title": "Dermal icteric zones and serum bilirubin levels in neonatal jaundice.", "content": "Dermal icteric zones and serum bilirubin levels in neonatal jaundice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019618"}
{"pmid": "1019620", "title": "Pulmonary sarcoidosis in a Chinese woman.", "content": "Pulmonary sarcoidosis in a Chinese woman.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019620"}
{"pmid": "1019628", "title": "Clinical laboratories: influence of increased productivity and new laboratory instruments on health care.", "content": "Clinical laboratories: influence of increased productivity and new laboratory instruments on health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019628"}
{"pmid": "1019629", "title": "Fluid resuscitation of burn patients: does clinical \"success\" necessitate \"excess\".", "content": "Fluid resuscitation of burn patients: does clinical \"success\" necessitate \"excess\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019629"}
{"pmid": "1019623", "title": "Schizophrenia: a bag of dilemmas.", "content": "Schizophrenia: a bag of dilemmas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019623"}
{"pmid": "1019630", "title": "Cryotherapy.", "content": "Cryotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019630"}
{"pmid": "1019631", "title": "Cryosurgery for benign and malignant skin lesions: treatment with a new instrument.", "content": "Cryosurgery for benign and malignant skin lesions: treatment with a new instrument. The Foster \"Froster\" unit is a new and simplified liquid nitrogen system for use in dermatologic cryosurgery. The details of its operation are described and its use in various benign, premalignant, and malignant lesions is discussed. In malignant lesions, not only type, but frequently location, is important when deciding whether to use cryosurgery as the first, alternate, or adjunctive choice of therapy. Benign and premalignant lesions which respond best are sebaceous hyperplasia, dermatofibromas, actinic keratoses, leukoplakias, lentigines, and certain seborrheic keratoses and verrucae. Initial promising results have been reported in cases of swimming pool granuloma and chromoblastomycosis. Application of the described technics in one's clinical practice must depend primarily on the level of knowledge of skin lesions and on the degree of skill attained in cryosurgical methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019631"}
{"pmid": "1019624", "title": "Inbreeding as measured by isonymy and by pedigrees in Kippel, Switzerland.", "content": "Inbreeding as measured by isonymy and by pedigrees in Kippel, Switzerland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019624"}
{"pmid": "1019622", "title": "The genetics of affective disorder and genetic counseling.", "content": "The genetics of affective disorder and genetic counseling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019622"}
{"pmid": "1019621", "title": "Variables in the outcome of genetic counseling.", "content": "Variables in the outcome of genetic counseling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019621"}
{"pmid": "1019632", "title": "Changes in the clinical picture of schizophrenia.", "content": "Changes in the clinical picture of schizophrenia. Records of all patients admitted to inpatient facilities of a state department of mental health from 1948 to 1952 and from 1965 to 1969 and diagnosed schizophrenic were reviewed to determine diagnostic trends, if any. The percentage of diagnoses of the catatonic subtype showed a general decline, the hebephrenic subtype showed a marked decline, the paranoid subtype a general increase, and the nonclassical subtypes a marked increase. Analysis of the symptoms for the subtypes and comparison between subtypes did not reveal any particular symptoms to be totally characteristic of a specific subtype. Many symptoms occurred with approximately equal frequency in all subtypes. Comparison of patients' symptoms for the two periods did not reveal wide qualitative variation between periods. However, there were large quantitative variations. We conclude that the apparent change in schizophrenia is but a moderation of primary symptoms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019632"}
{"pmid": "1019626", "title": "Delinquency, sex and family variables.", "content": "Delinquency, sex and family variables.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019626"}
{"pmid": "1019633", "title": "Septicemia, gastroenteritis, cholecystitis due to Arizona sp.", "content": "Septicemia, gastroenteritis, cholecystitis due to Arizona sp.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019633"}
{"pmid": "1019625", "title": "Demographic studies in a Brazilian  population of Arabian origin.", "content": "Demographic studies in a Brazilian  population of Arabian origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019625"}
{"pmid": "1019634", "title": "Negative blood cultures in infective endocarditis: a review.", "content": "Negative blood cultures in infective endocarditis: a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019634"}
{"pmid": "1019635", "title": "Diagnostic value of a chemistry test profile.", "content": "Diagnostic value of a chemistry test profile. Serum chemistry test results were correlated with discharge diagnoses of 4,295 persons admitted to an acute care general hospital in a seven-month period. The diagnostic value of the test results, separately and in combinations of up to 12 tests, were calculated at each of ten levels as measured from the mean of normal in standard deviations. All patients had a serum profile consisting of total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, glucose, urea nitrogen, uric acid, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lactic dehydrogenase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase levels. Analysis by manual and computer technics is illustrated. Computerized analysis of a chemistry profile is reported as a list of diagnostic possibilities in ranking order, with the calculated probability for each. In this preliminary report individual diseases are replaced by categories of disease taken from The International Classification of Diseases, Adapted (ICDA).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019635"}
{"pmid": "1019636", "title": "Polytomography in an otologic practice.", "content": "Polytomography in an otologic practice. The polytome should be used as an adjunct to conventional roentgenograms of the temporal bone and not as a substitute. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the polytome has been used to great advantage in a private otologic practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019636"}
{"pmid": "1019637", "title": "Cardiac arrest after edrophonium therapy of supraventricular tachycardia.", "content": "Cardiac arrest after edrophonium therapy of supraventricular tachycardia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019637"}
{"pmid": "1019627", "title": "An unusual live-birth sex ratio in Ecuador.", "content": "An unusual live-birth sex ratio in Ecuador.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019627"}
{"pmid": "1019638", "title": "Basilic vein to brachial artery fistula: a new access for chronic hemodialysis.", "content": "Basilic vein to brachial artery fistula: a new access for chronic hemodialysis. A new vascular access for chronic hemodialysis is developed by creating a fistula in the upper arm between the end of the relocated basilic vein and anterior aspect of the brachial artery. The procedure has been used 24 times in 23 patients over the past 15 months (average eight months) with minimal complications and low failure rates. This fistula provides a straight, long, easily accessible conduit with high flows; it has only one vascular anastomosis and maintains the anatomic continuity of its venous end with the axillary vein. It also obviates the need for autologous, prosthetic, or heterografts. The procedure is indicated when suitable vessels in the forearm have been exhausted or are unavailable. However, additional clinical trials and continued long-term follow-up are necessary for more definite conclusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019638"}
{"pmid": "1019639", "title": "Etiologic factors in lead nephropathy.", "content": "Etiologic factors in lead nephropathy. The rare occurrence of lead nephropathy in widely differing circumstances has suggested that additional causative factors might be required for its production. Seventeen cases of interstitial nephritis associated with severe chronic lead poisoning were reviewed in an attempt to identify these. Data suggested that alcoholism and preexistent hypertension, and also previous or minor urinary tract disease, may potentiate the injurious effects of lead. We recommend that the diagnosis of lead nephropathy should be a positive one, not one of exclusion, and that stored lead should be removed, particularly in persons with hypertension or previous urinary tract diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019639"}
{"pmid": "1019640", "title": "Surgical treatment of reflux in completely duplicated ureters.", "content": "Surgical treatment of reflux in completely duplicated ureters. Vesicoureteral reflux occurs in approximately 50% of duplex systems that undergo evaluation and most commonly involves the lower renal segment ureter. The therapeutic approach can be tailored for each case after careful evaluation of the anatomic and functional status of each renal unit. If reparative srugery is indicated and only one ureter is involved, then ureteropyelostomy or ureteroureterostomy have yielded excellent results. If more than one ureter is involved with either relfux or obstruction, then reimplantation of the paired ureters is indicated if the renal units are slavageable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019640"}
{"pmid": "1019641", "title": "Tay-Sachs disease: a pilot screening program for the detection of the heterozygote in the Charleston Jewish community.", "content": "Tay-Sachs disease: a pilot screening program for the detection of the heterozygote in the Charleston Jewish community. A pilot screening program for the detection of the carrier (heterozygote) of the Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) gene has recently been completed at the Medical University of South Carolina. A fluorometric assay for serum hexosaminidase A and B was performed on the serum of 181 individuals from the Charleston Jewish community. One hundred seventy-six of these individuals were classified as normal based on the percent hexosaminidase A (Hex A) in their serum; five persons were classified as carriers of the Tay-Sachs gene, including a young married couple who were later referred for genetic counseling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019641"}
{"pmid": "1019642", "title": "Ovarian pregnancies with Dalkon Shield IUCDs in situ: laparoscopic visualization.", "content": "Ovarian pregnancies with Dalkon Shield IUCDs in situ: laparoscopic visualization. Two ovarian pregnancies coexistent with intra-uterine contraceptive devices are described. In one case, the ovary appeared to contain a cyst at laparoscopy and rupture of the cyst and extrusion of the fetus were witnessed. In the second case, a hemorrhagic ovarian cyst bled at laparoscopy and laparotomy resulted in the diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy. These two cases reveal that laparoscopic examination could be misleading and result in inappropriate management if the diagnosis of ovarian pregnancy is not entertained. The cases described add to the growing number of reports of extrauterine pregnancies occurring in patients using intra-uterine contraceptive devices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019642"}
{"pmid": "1019643", "title": "Management of patients with modified Hunt pouch esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy for carcinoma of stomach.", "content": "Management of patients with modified Hunt pouch esophagojejunostomy after total gastrectomy for carcinoma of stomach. The Hunt pouch and its various modifications have been used as an esophagojujunostomy technic after total gastrectomy or esophagogastrectomy for benign and malignant conditions. This pouch procedure may be particularly useful for palliative gastric resections in which the patient's ability to ingest adequate foodstuffs might be enhanced by a larger reservoir, thereby improving nutritional status and possibly facilitating chemotherapy or radiation therapy or both. Intravenous hyperlimentation has been used to advantage preoperatively and postoperatively to help nutritionally depleted patients better tolerate such an operation and has been useful during treatment of complications related to the procedure. Three recent cases are discussed to illustrate the above propositions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019643"}
{"pmid": "1019644", "title": "Superior mesenteric artery (Wilkie's) syndrome: report of three cases and review of the literature.", "content": "Superior mesenteric artery (Wilkie's) syndrome: report of three cases and review of the literature. Of the three cases of superior mesenteric artery (Wilkie's) syndrome presented, one was associated with anorexia nervosa; this association has not been reported before. Two patients were treated surgically with a duodenojejunostomy, and one was treated medically. Vascular compression of the duodenum is a controversial subject. The syndrome probably is more common than generally recognized and is underdiagnosed due to its exclusion from the differential diagnosis of small-bowel obstruction. Its recognition is important because early diagnosis of a partial obstruction may allow for medical rather than surgical intervention, as exemplified by our third case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019644"}
{"pmid": "1019645", "title": "A new approach to pilonidal sinus excision.", "content": "A new approach to pilonidal sinus excision.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019645"}
{"pmid": "1019646", "title": "Hypnosis in surgery--why and when.", "content": "Hypnosis in surgery--why and when. Hypnosis offers an excellent alternative to conventional anesthesia in certain selected or complicated cases. Ten different patients were selected from a group of 38 and were studied thoroughly. Good surgery and a smooth recovery were possible through hypnosis, alone or with conventional anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019646"}
{"pmid": "1019647", "title": "Bridging: an effective and practical method of preventive skin care for the immobilized person.", "content": "Bridging: an effective and practical method of preventive skin care for the immobilized person. Various methods have been used in an attempt to decrease prolonged pressure on skin, especially over bony prominences, and thus prevent pressure sores in immobilized patients: turning frames, circle beds, flotation beds, and special mattresses. Bridging is one means of relieving pressure on bony prominences which is both simple and inexpensive. Through the proper positioning of pillows, a patient is supported above the surface of the bed with free space between the bony prominences and the bed surface. Several different positions for pressure relief are possible. Advantages of the technic include its low cost, patient acceptance, lack of mechanical components which can fail, and ease of training personnel or family members to carry it out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019647"}
{"pmid": "1019648", "title": "Survey of sudden death in the offices of Atlanta physicians and dentists.", "content": "Survey of sudden death in the offices of Atlanta physicians and dentists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019648"}
{"pmid": "1019649", "title": "Postoperative infection of lumbar intervertebral disk space.", "content": "Postoperative infection of lumbar intervertebral disk space. Sixteen cases of postoperative intervertebral disk space infection are reviewed. Most occurred after diskectomy, but one followed an unsuccessful attempt at a spinal anesthetic and two followed diskography. Treatment varied from aggressive surgery, either by a posterior, lateral, or anterior approach, to drain the infected disk space or spaces, to more conservative immobilization. Antibiotics were used in all cases. Needle biopsy is valuable in establishing diagnosis and identifying the organism and its antibiotic sensitivities. In some cases fusion occurred spontaneously from the infection; in others, fusion was a result of surgical fusion preceding or following the infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019649"}
{"pmid": "1019651", "title": "The detection of glass foreign bodies.", "content": "The detection of glass foreign bodies. Roentgenography is a reliable method for detecting glass foreign bodies resulting from trauma. The density of glass in comparison to surrounding tissue almost always provides sufficient contrast for roentgenographic differentiation. This method is slightly compromised by the relative size of the foreign body and the body part being examined, but setting the roentgen ray beam for bone technic and having the patient in different positions facilitate detection of such a foreign body.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019651"}
{"pmid": "1019650", "title": "Pulmonary vein obstruction by bronchogenic carcinoma.", "content": "Pulmonary vein obstruction by bronchogenic carcinoma. Two patients with obstruction of the pulmonary veins by bronchogenic carcinoma, an unusual cause, are presented. These and other cases reported have had features suggestive of mitral stenosis. The differential diagnosis is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019650"}
{"pmid": "1019652", "title": "Arthroscopy of the knee joint.", "content": "Arthroscopy of the knee joint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019652"}
{"pmid": "1019653", "title": "Fracture-dislocation of the dorsal spine.", "content": "Fracture-dislocation of the dorsal spine. A patient with fracture-dislocation of D9 on D8 had considerable posterolateral displacement. The neurologic injolvement of his left leg proved to be progressive. Treatment consisted of posterior decompression, exploration, open reduction and stabilization by means of Harrington rods, and fusion. All neurologic findings resolved completely. Final evaluation 18 months later showed a good and serviceable spine with no residual neurologic deficits. In my opinion, the treatment used in this case under given circumstances represented a reasonable modality of therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019653"}
{"pmid": "1019654", "title": "Migrating placenta previa.", "content": "Migrating placenta previa. A case of third trimester bleeding from placenta previa is presented in which serial ultrasonograms were obtained from the 30th to the 36th gestational week and confirmed by isotopic scanning. Evidence is presented showing a migration of a placenta previa marginalis away from the cervical os followed by vaginal delivery at term. The concept and mechanism of placental migration are reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019654"}
{"pmid": "1019655", "title": "Inflammatory subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint.", "content": "Inflammatory subluxation of the atlantoaxial joint. A case of atlantoaxial subluxation accompanying pharyngitis is reported in a 4-year-old child. Diagnosis was made by examination and roentgenograms of the lateral cervical spine. Treatment consisted of halter traction and bracing. The patient responded well to treatment and is normal in all respects one year later. Atlantoaxial subluxation should be considered when treating pharyngitis, especially if the patient presents with torticollis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019655"}
{"pmid": "1019656", "title": "Reye's syndrome in a neonate.", "content": "Reye's syndrome in a neonate. This case substantiates the fact that Reye's syndrome can occur in newborns. The clinical features appear to be slightly different in the neonate, in that respiratory distress was the presenting sign in this case and in the one other reported case in a newborn, with no mild preceding illness or vomiting. Thus, Reye's syndrome must be considered when a newborn presents with respiratory distress and evidence of central nervous system and hepatic involvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019656"}
{"pmid": "1019657", "title": "Dumbbell granulomatous abscess of the chest wall following needle biopsy of the pleura.", "content": "Dumbbell granulomatous abscess of the chest wall following needle biopsy of the pleura. A 38-year-old woman who had a Cope needle biopsy of the pleura was treated for plural tuberculosis on the basis of a positive PPD-S skin test and presence of caseating granulomas in the pleural biopsy. Ten months later she developed a tender, subcutaneous nodule in the area of the previous needle biopsy. Surgical exploration revealed a dumbbell abscess through the chest wall communicating with an area of consolidation in the right middle lobe. En bloc surgical resection of the abscess and peripheral portion of the right middle lobe was curative, although all pathologic and cultural studies of the resected tissue were non-diagnostic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019657"}
{"pmid": "1019658", "title": "Multiple myeloma on polycythemia vera following radioactive phosphorus therapy.", "content": "Multiple myeloma on polycythemia vera following radioactive phosphorus therapy. A 74-year-old white man with established polycythemia vera was treated with radioactive phosphorus after phlebotomies alone failed to control his disease. About 2 3/4 years later he died of multiple myeloma. The mutagenic effect of radioactive phosphorus may have caused or possibly accelerated preexisting myeloma. Basic nonmalignant disease deserves careful consideration before radiation or radiomimetic agents are used. One might consider a probably less mutagenic drug such as hydroxyurea in patients with polycythemia vera when phlebotomy alone does not give good control of red cell mass and thrombocytosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019658"}
{"pmid": "1019659", "title": "Mesenteric thrombosis after penetrating cardiac trauma.", "content": "Mesenteric thrombosis after penetrating cardiac trauma. Survival of the severely injured trauma victim through aggressive therapy results in new complications. We report the first instance of mesenteric thrombosis in association with penetrating cardiac trauma. Selective visceral angiography should be obtained early in a patient with persistent abdominal pain following a period of prolonged shock; such cases should have a more favorable prognosis if diagnosed early in view of the limited period of cardiac dysfunction and the younger age group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019659"}
{"pmid": "1019660", "title": "Dissecting popliteal cyst: an unusual complication of Reiter's syndrome.", "content": "Dissecting popliteal cyst: an unusual complication of Reiter's syndrome. A case of Reiter's syndrome associated with a dissecting popliteal cyst mimicking deep vein thrombophlebitis is reported. The cyst was diagnosed by arthrography and responded to intra-articular injection of corticosteroids. The diagnosis of a dissecting popliteal cyst should be considered in a patient with arthritis of the knee joint from any cause and who develops signs and symptoms of thrombophlebitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019660"}
{"pmid": "1019661", "title": "Chlorpropamide-induced hyponatremia.", "content": "Chlorpropamide-induced hyponatremia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019661"}
{"pmid": "1019662", "title": "State psychiatric hospitals: a response.", "content": "State psychiatric hospitals: a response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019662"}
{"pmid": "1019663", "title": "Manifestations of cystic fibrosis in adults.", "content": "Manifestations of cystic fibrosis in adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019663"}
{"pmid": "1019664", "title": "Hepatitis B and possibilities for control.", "content": "Hepatitis B and possibilities for control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019664"}
{"pmid": "1019665", "title": "Adverse psychologic reactions to ileal bypass surgery.", "content": "Adverse psychologic reactions to ileal bypass surgery. Of 33 patients who underwent ileal bypass surgery for morbid obesity and were followed up with psychiatric interviews and consultation postsurgery, five appear to have had adverse psychologic sequelae related to the procedure. The emotional problems of these five patients were in part related to or precipitated by their drastic weight loss after ileal bypass. In most cases, the patients generally had depressive symptoms and, in dynamic terms, were dependent individuals with lifelong problems in object relations. The coping styles demonstrated, while not rigorously classified as psychiatric illness, appeared to predispose them for certain difficulties even when weight had been lost. Ileal bypass surgery apparently is not psychologically innocuous as previously thought, and psychiatric follow-up of patients is indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019665"}
{"pmid": "1019666", "title": "Pneumatosis intestinalis in association with connective tissue disease.", "content": "Pneumatosis intestinalis in association with connective tissue disease. Pneumatosis intestinalis in association with connective tissue diseases is an unusual combination whose pathogenesis is not yet understood. Furthermore, steroid medication, often used to treat these diseases, may itself cause pneumatosis. Three cases of scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and amyloidosis in association with pneumatosis and without prior steroid therapy are presented. The small vessel occlusive pathologic processes in these diseases may cause focal areas of mucosal ischemia resulting in small, perhaps transient ulcerations that allow gas to enter the gut wall from the lumen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019666"}
{"pmid": "1019667", "title": "Exophthalmos and epidural hematoma.", "content": "Exophthalmos and epidural hematoma. The development of a right exophthalmos in a patient with a left hemispheric epidural hematoma is reported. The parallel development of these two conditions in this unusual case suggests some direct relationship, although it must be recognized that a coincidental relationship is possible. The exact cause of the exophthalmos remains obscure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019667"}
{"pmid": "1019668", "title": "Long-term follow-up of hip fractures.", "content": "Long-term follow-up of hip fractures. Hip fractures on 117 patients treated surgically and followed up for an average of 10.2 months are reviewed. Among the parameters analyzed were complications, mortality, clinical follow-up by the operating surgeon, and the ability to ambulate after surgery. Postoperative surgical complications occurred in 36% and medical complications in 18% of the patients. Mortality was 25% within the first year after surgery. Sixty-one percent of the patients returned at least once to the surgeon's office for follow-up; only 38% were followed for more than six months. In the surviving patients who were good ambulators before hip fracture, 60% to 70% became good ambulators postoperatively. Only 20% to 30% of the surviving patients who were poor ambulators preoperatively ever walked again.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019668"}
{"pmid": "1019669", "title": "Induced hypothermia: electrocardiographic abnormalities.", "content": "Induced hypothermia: electrocardiographic abnormalities. Hypothermia was induced intermittently in a patient to combat hyperpyrexia. The electrocardiogram taken during the hypothermic phase displayed typical abnormalities and consisted of: pronounced sinus bradycardia, marked prolongation of the Q-T interval, muscle tremor artifact, and the characteristic \"Osborn wave.\" Spontaneous rewarming resulted in disappearance of the electrocardiographic alterations, underscoring the functional and reversible nature of the abnormalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019669"}
{"pmid": "1019670", "title": "Autoimmune atrophic gastritis with hypergastrinemia.", "content": "Autoimmune atrophic gastritis with hypergastrinemia. Elevation in fasting serum gastrin levels was found in three patients being evaluated for persistent upper abdominal pain without radiographic evidence of peptic ulcer disease. Fiberoptic endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract in each patient revealed characteristic changes of chronic atrophic gastritis. Gastric biopsies showed diffuse chronic inflammation in the lamina propria, a decrease in the number of parietal cells, and \"intestinalization\" of gastric mucosa. Total achlorhydria was demonstrated after a maximal histalog stimulus; however, serum levels of vitamin B12 and Schilling test values were normal in all three patients. Parietal cell antibodies were found in the serum in all patients in a dilution of 1:20 to 1:80. These cases represent autoimmune (type A) chronic atrophic gastritis and should be distinguished from chronic simple (type B) gastritis, in which serum gastrin levels are normal and no parietal cell antibodies are found in the serum. Patients with autoimmune gastritis should be observed at frequent intervals for the occurrence of pernicious anemia or gastric carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019670"}
{"pmid": "1019671", "title": "Mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in labor.", "content": "Mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in labor. The recent world literature on mediastinal emphysema has been reviewed and two cases added. This condition is relatively benign, and the supportive treatment is discussed. Subsequent pregnancies have been uncomplicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019671"}
{"pmid": "1019672", "title": "Pelvic lipomatosis.", "content": "Pelvic lipomatosis. A case report of pelvic lipomatosis in a woman is presented. This condition is a benign, apparently self-limited disease in which mature adipose tissue is deposited in the pelvis. The clinical presentation is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019672"}
{"pmid": "1019673", "title": "Complications of total hip replacement.", "content": "Complications of total hip replacement. The most common complications of total hip replacement are infection, loosening, dislocation, phlebothrombosis and embolism, neurovascular deficity, periarticular calcification, nonunion of the greater trochanter, malposition of components, fractures, and discrepancy in leg length. The cause, prevention, and treatment of these complications are reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019673"}
{"pmid": "1019674", "title": "Sequestration of the lung in children.", "content": "Sequestration of the lung in children. Three instances of intralobar pulmonary sequestration are reported to call attention to the occurrence of this lesion in children. In all three patients, the sequestration was diagnosed by arteriography and treated by lobectomy. Extralobar and intralobar sequestrations are described and the differential diagnosis is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019674"}
{"pmid": "1019675", "title": "Hair transplant surgery: planning the procedure.", "content": "Hair transplant surgery: planning the procedure. Factors important in planning hair transplant surgery are presented. The procedure must be designed for each patient individually. Success with hair transplantation depends upon developing surgical skill and having an appreciation of esthetically pleasing designs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019675"}
{"pmid": "1019676", "title": "The diagnosis of subcapsular hematoma of the liver by scintigraphy.", "content": "The diagnosis of subcapsular hematoma of the liver by scintigraphy. The diagnosis of subcapsular hematoma of the liver following blunt abdominal trauma has assumed clinical importance with recent reports of improved mortality with conservative management. There is increasing use of hepatic scintigraphy in evaluation of upper abdominal trauma. Two recently observed cases are used to illustrate the typical findings in this entity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019676"}
{"pmid": "1019677", "title": "Psychotherapy as adjunct in treatment of vomiting during pregnancy.", "content": "Psychotherapy as adjunct in treatment of vomiting during pregnancy. Adjunctive psychotherapeutic measures were used to treat ten consecutive pregnant women referred to a psychiatric consultation service because of severe intractable vomiting. In addition to customary medical measures, they received three types of psychotherapy: (1) supportive psychotherapy (establishment of positive relationship, frequent reassuring conversations, and encouragement of expression of thoughts and feelings); (2) hypnotherapy (trance induction and suggestions of comfort in the gastrointestinal tract, desirability of feeling of substance in stomach, and ability to retain and digest food eaten); and (3) behavior modification (positive reinforcement for retaining food and gaining weight, through granting desirable considerations such as visitors, radio, television, and being up in or outside the room). Results were encouraging. Nine patients recovered and completed normal pregnancies, while one improved but later aborted due to other complications. When compared with a control group of routinely treated patients, recovery was more rapid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019677"}
{"pmid": "1019678", "title": "Teaching sex education and counseling for the primary physician.", "content": "Teaching sex education and counseling for the primary physician. Today's family physicians are being confronted by increasing numbers of patients who desire and need sex education and counseling. It is suggested that the family and primary physician can approach the multiple sex-related needs of the family by understanding the family life cycle and by using permission-giving, limited information, and specific suggestions with patients as needed and as appropriate. The experience of the University of Miami's Department of Family Medicine in teaching human sexuality to medical students, residents, and faculty of the medical center is cited to help other residency programs include sex counseling and sex education in the armamentarium of residents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019678"}
{"pmid": "1019679", "title": "Case clustering in cancer.", "content": "Case clustering in cancer. There is little evidence that time-space clustering is important in the epidemiology of leukemia, lymphoma, Burkitt's tumor, and myeloma. Clustering by interpersonal contact, particularly in Hodgkin's disease, does appear to occur, but more study is needed to warrant the conclusion that such contact is necessary for subsequent illness to develop. Future epidemiologic studies should include the use of laboratory analysis to evaluate the role of viruses, genetics, and environmental factors in cluster studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019679"}
{"pmid": "1019680", "title": "Preparation of tables for medical articles: guidelines for physician-authors.", "content": "Preparation of tables for medical articles: guidelines for physician-authors. This review of the basic purposes and principles of tables is oriented toward their preparation by physician-authors for use in medical manuscripts. The guidelines suggested are consistent with the general format and style current in scientific and medical writing, with emphasis upon the latter. Style and usage do evolve, though, and even at any given time there may be in existence several acceptable variations of \"standard\" practices. Therefore, the value of style of the journal to which a manuscript will be submitted is again emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019680"}
{"pmid": "1019681", "title": "Occult sclerosing carcinoma of the thyroid.", "content": "Occult sclerosing carcinoma of the thyroid. A case of occult sclerosing thyroid carcinoma is reported. The primary requirement for diagnosis is that the cancer is less than 1.5 cm in diameter. In addition, a fibrosing component with varying degrees of sclerosis is present. Lymph node metastases are frequent and may appear as benign thyroid follicles. Occasional direct invasion or vascular invasion may occur. Distant metastases were not reported in the series reviewed. Adequate therapy would seem to be total thyroidectomy of the involved lobe and radical subtotal thyroidectomy of the opposite lobe with excision of all enlarged or involved lymph nodes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019681"}
{"pmid": "1019682", "title": "Granular cell myoblastoma (schwannoma) of the carina in a patient with sarcoidosis.", "content": "Granular cell myoblastoma (schwannoma) of the carina in a patient with sarcoidosis. The sixth case report of granular cell myoblastoma (schwannoma) of the carina, occurring in a 22-year-old black woman, is presented. Incidental coexistent carcoidosis was present. The various theories of the histogenesis of the lesion are reviewed briefly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019682"}
{"pmid": "1019684", "title": "Transient electrocardiographic changes in anaphylaxis.", "content": "Transient electrocardiographic changes in anaphylaxis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019684"}
{"pmid": "1019683", "title": "Thrombophlebitis and pulmonary embolism with surgical intervention in the third trimester.", "content": "Thrombophlebitis and pulmonary embolism with surgical intervention in the third trimester. A case of acute deep vein thrombophlebitis and pulmonary embolism in late gestation has been presented with a discussion of diagnostic modalities, therapeutic regimens, and theoretical considerations. It is our belief that aggressive medical management is best accomplished by giving heparin intravenously as the primary anticoagulant. When medical management is best accomplished by giving heparin intravenously as the primary anticoagulant. When medical management is not effective or if embolism occurs, surgical intervention, consisting of vena caval clipping and ovarian vein ligation with scrupulous attention to detail, is indicated. Further, support to prophylaxis of abruptio placenta secondary to the mechanism espoused by Mengert et al is added by the course of this patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019683"}
{"pmid": "1019751", "title": "Serum immunoglobulin levels in White and Black patients with virus-A and-B hepatitis.", "content": "Serum immunoglobulin levels in White and Black patients with virus-A and-B hepatitis. Serum immunoglobulin G, M and A levels were measured in 106 White patients with acute virus-A (hepatitis-B surface antigen-negative) hepatitis and 27 White patients with acute virus-B (hepatitis-B surface antigen-positive) hepatitis and compared with the values previously obtained in Black patients with these diseases. The mean serum IgM level in the White patients with virus-A hepatitis was significantly higher than that in virus-B hepatitis (p less than 0,001). This difference was much more obvious than that in Black patients, mainly due to a much lower mean serum IgM response in Black patients with virus-A hepatitis. The reason for the blunted IgM response in Black patients with virus-A hepatitis is not known, but it may be related to a difference in the reaction against altered host tissues rather than any difference in antibody production against the virus per se. The mean serum IgG and IgA levels were not significantly different in the White patients with virus-A and virus-B hepatitis and they were lower than the corresponding figures in Blacks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019751"}
{"pmid": "1019752", "title": "Laboratory studies on the vector capability of Aedes (neomelaniconion) unidentatus McIntosh and Aedes (Aedimorphus/ dentatus (Theobald) with West Nile and Sindbis viruses.", "content": "Laboratory studies on the vector capability of Aedes (neomelaniconion) unidentatus McIntosh and Aedes (Aedimorphus/ dentatus (Theobald) with West Nile and Sindbis viruses. Laboratory tests were made with Aedes (Neomelaniconion) unidentatus McIntosh and Aedes (Aedimorphus) dentatus (Theobald) collected from the Highveld region of the Transvaal, South Africa, to determine their ability of transmit West Nile and Sindbis viruses. Viraemic hamsters or a viraemic chick were exposed to the mosquitoes as infective meals. Infection of mosquitoes was determined by testing mosquitoes individually for the presence of virus 10-26 days later. Transmission of virus, attempted between the 10-20th days by exposing hamsters to groups of mosquitoes, was not achieved. With West Nile virus, the high concentrations of virus required to infect each species led to the conclusion that neither is an important vector of this virus. With Sindbis virus and A. unidentatus the 10 per cent infection threshold was less than 2,6 logs of virus, while with A. dentatus it was about 3,5 logs. This suggests that both species, but more particularly A. unidentatus, could be vectors of this virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019752"}
{"pmid": "1019753", "title": "The feeding pattern of the fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus in captivity.", "content": "The feeding pattern of the fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus in captivity. An electrical apparatus was designed to record continuously the feeding activity of either a colony of 30 fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) or single bats in captivity. The endogenous feeding activity rhythm was synchronized by change in the external light-dark cycle. During June to August (winter), the bats consumed an average of 96 g sliced banana, equal to 76 g wet weight/100 g body weight per 24 hours or 15 g dry weight/100 g body weight per 24 hours. The feeding period began shortly after sunset and continued for 10,6 h. Feeding consisted of 6-14 separate small meals. The mean or overall feeding rate was 9,1 g banana/h, and the feeding rate during the first 3 h, 13,1 g/h. The bat regulated its food intake by varying the rate of food consumption and not by changing the duration of  the feeding period. It is suggested that clustering of the bats may influence the caloric intake by reducing the energetic cost of thermoregulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019753"}
{"pmid": "1019754", "title": "GLC determination of paracetamol and d-propoxyphene.", "content": "GLC determination of paracetamol and d-propoxyphene. d-Propoxyphene and d-norpropoxyphene were determined in rat plasms, rat brain homogenates and human plasma by means of GLC utilizing extracts obtained by micro-phase extraction of the drugs. Paracetamol was determined in the same samples by GLC separation of the O-butyrate derivative using caffeine as internal standard. The problems associated with the GLC determination of d-propoxyphene and d-norpropoxyphene in biological material are discussed and attention is drawn to the particular advantages of the micro-phase extraction procedure for the quantitative determination of these drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019754"}
{"pmid": "1019775", "title": "Current problems regarding the hygiene of the environment and the international co-operation.", "content": "Current problems regarding the hygiene of the environment and the international co-operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019775"}
{"pmid": "1019776", "title": "Characteristics, objectives and activities of an institution for the improvement of public health management.", "content": "Characteristics, objectives and activities of an institution for the improvement of public health management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019776"}
{"pmid": "1019777", "title": "The crisis of the bourgeois conceptions in the field of health protection economy.", "content": "The crisis of the bourgeois conceptions in the field of health protection economy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019777"}
{"pmid": "1019779", "title": "The importance of system aspects analysis of disability in industrial medical practice.", "content": "The importance of system aspects analysis of disability in industrial medical practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019779"}
{"pmid": "1019781", "title": "The organization and activities of the health statistics system in Hungary.", "content": "The organization and activities of the health statistics system in Hungary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019781"}
{"pmid": "1019780", "title": "Efficiency of selected methods in contact flouride prophylaxis combined with dental health education.", "content": "Efficiency of selected methods in contact flouride prophylaxis combined with dental health education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019780"}
{"pmid": "1019783", "title": "Causes of death in men living in urban areas within a period of ten years. 1-st part.", "content": "Causes of death in men living in urban areas within a period of ten years. 1-st part.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019783"}
{"pmid": "1019786", "title": "The medical diagnosis as a specific problem of knowledge.", "content": "The medical diagnosis as a specific problem of knowledge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019786"}
{"pmid": "1019787", "title": "Contribution to the appreciation of the mean values of physical development indices in children and adolescents according to age groups and sex.", "content": "Contribution to the appreciation of the mean values of physical development indices in children and adolescents according to age groups and sex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019787"}
{"pmid": "1019790", "title": "The morbidity through heart ischaemia in men in urban areas within a period of ten years. Part II.", "content": "The morbidity through heart ischaemia in men in urban areas within a period of ten years. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019790"}
{"pmid": "1019791", "title": "The implementation of the new directions in the organization, activity and building of nursing homes in Hungary.", "content": "The implementation of the new directions in the organization, activity and building of nursing homes in Hungary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019791"}
{"pmid": "1019793", "title": "The quantity and quality of social services.", "content": "The quantity and quality of social services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019793"}
{"pmid": "1019794", "title": "Management by objectives in a hospital social service unit.", "content": "Management by objectives in a hospital social service unit. A Management By Objectives (MBO) system has been installed in the Social Service Department of the University of Minnesota Hospitals. MBO involves administering organizations through establishment and follow-up of goals. In order to accomodate a human service milieu two additions have been made to the usual MBO format: (a) a statement of program philosophy, and (b) a statement of essential program functions. Staff reaction to the system has been mixed, while hospital administration has been uniformly favorable. In the future the MBO system will be integrated with a management information system, and \"significant others\" will be surveyed to get more outside input inot the formulation of objectives. MBO meets organizational needs for effective planning, management of resources and control, while at the same time maximizing staff input into the overall operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019794"}
{"pmid": "1019795", "title": "The status of graduate-level social workers teaching in medical schools.", "content": "The status of graduate-level social workers teaching in medical schools. At present, relatively little national data are available concerning the involvement of social workers in medical education. This article presents the results of a study conducted recently to obtain a comprehensive, up-to-date profile of graduate-level social workers teaching in medical schools and to survey the opinions of medical school deans regarding their present and future status. Continuing research in this area is essential if we are to acquire a greater understanding of the contribution social workers make to contemporary medical education. Only then will we be better equipped to assess social work's potentials for the future and take those steps necessary to bring them to fruition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019795"}
{"pmid": "1019796", "title": "The HMOs: new models for practice.", "content": "The HMOs: new models for practice. New areas of practice are open to innovative social workers in an existing and expanding comprehensive health care delivery system--the health maintenance organization (HMO). In this article, four health plan models are described that document the experience of social workers in established HMOs. These illustrations demonstrate the necessity and opportunity for expanded social work roles in humanizing and corrdinating patient services in complex multidisciplinary health care delivery systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019796"}
{"pmid": "1019797", "title": "Education for social work in health care organizations.", "content": "Education for social work in health care organizations. The American health care delivery system stands on the brink of major change and reorganization. There are many opportunities for the social work profession to increase its influence and expand the scale of its activities within health care. These opportunities represent a challenge to the vision, creativity, and flexibility of social work educators. This article discusseses educators' roles within the context of a system conceptualization of the inputs throughputs, and outputs of education for social work in health care organizations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019797"}
{"pmid": "1019799", "title": "Social work education for the field of health: a report of findings from a survey of curricula.", "content": "Social work education for the field of health: a report of findings from a survey of curricula. This paper presents the findings of a survey of programs in schools of social work made with specific reference to content germane to the field of health. The 62 schools responding to this inquiry constituted a representative sample of the 85 members of the Council on Social Work Education in 1972-73 in almost all regions of the United States and Canada. The inquiry included questions regarding; (a) specialization; (b) courses in health care systems; (c) courses in social work practice; (d) field practice; (e) interdisciplinary collaboration; (f) educational innovations; and (g) faculty coordinating the health component in the curriculum. Findings suggest a remarkably modest thrust in the direction of health and specialization at a time when health care is undergoing uncommonly rapid change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019799"}
{"pmid": "1019798", "title": "Interdisciplinary education for community health: the case for nursing and social work collaboration.", "content": "Interdisciplinary education for community health: the case for nursing and social work collaboration. A nurse educator and a social work educator developed an interdisciplinary team-taught course in community health for both social work and nursing students. This account of their experience elaborates the implications of interdisciplinary education for the student learning experience including theory and practice content, socialization, and transition; faculty development; and the larger university community. Although this particular instance is limited to baccalaureate education, the authors underscore the potential of interdisciplinary course work for the enrichment of all levels of nursing and social work education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019798"}
{"pmid": "1019802", "title": "Participatory governance: a model for shared decision making.", "content": "Participatory governance: a model for shared decision making. The sharing in departmental decision making is viewed as a responsibility to be borne collaterally with the director by practitioners delivering direct services. While the process is viewed as consonant with professional growth and therefore properly evolutionary, the authors after facilitating premises and structures as well as a delineation of risks and rewards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019802"}
{"pmid": "1019800", "title": "Psychosocial factors in low-incidence genetic disease: the case of osteogenesis imperfecta.", "content": "Psychosocial factors in low-incidence genetic disease: the case of osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a dominant genetic disorder, was examined in an exploratory case study of psychosocial implications. The cross-sectional survey sample consisted of 13 OI-affected adults and 21 families with an OI-affected child who were interviewed. Findings revealed numerous psychosocial concerns and problems in addition to their complex and lifelong medical problems. Specific problem areas differed according to the severity of the disease, type, and mode of genetic inheritance. The results indicate the need for local as well as national policy changes through legislation and extensions of existing services for low-incidence disease groups such as OI-affected persons. Implications for social work practice interventions call for greater involvement with genetic diseases, more aggressive approaches in case identification and service coordination, and performing longer-range monitoring functions than is usually the case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019800"}
{"pmid": "1019803", "title": "Nursing home decision makers and the social service needs of residents.", "content": "Nursing home decision makers and the social service needs of residents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019803"}
{"pmid": "1019801", "title": "Crisis intervention in a newborn nursery intensive care unit.", "content": "Crisis intervention in a newborn nursery intensive care unit. Premature birth of a defective infant challenges personal and family integrity, and immediate intervention is optimal in reaching a positive outcome. The G. case exemplifies many aspects of crisis theory; worker intervention was built around them. As the G. family struggled with the impact of a severely damaged infant, a broad range of worker techniques, based on the parents' strengths and personal backgrounds, was required. Intervention was significant in effecting a positive resolution. This article details the events endured by the G. family, and the way in which they experienced them during their baby's first 3 weeks of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019801"}
{"pmid": "1019804", "title": "Unmet social service needs in skilled nursing facilities: documentation for action.", "content": "Unmet social service needs in skilled nursing facilities: documentation for action. The skilled nursing facilities in Hennepin County were surveyed to measure 21 specific social services in five general categories of service. Quantitative distribution summaries were made on understanding, performance, and satisfaction for each social service, and the five general categories of service were compared. Cross-tabulations indicate a significant difference in facilities with social work staff. Further study is recommended, and immediate actions to rectify current social service deficiencies are cited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019804"}
{"pmid": "1019805", "title": "Social work and liaison psychiatry.", "content": "Social work and liaison psychiatry. The Liaison Team of the Department of Psychiatry at Cook County Hospital uses a generic, multidisciplinary, crisis intervention approach to mental health consultation to facilitate humane and comprehensive yet cost-effective care for the medically indigent. Social work functions on the team include diagnosis, short-term individual and group treatment, referral, follow-up, staff development, in-service training, program planning, and interdisciplinary clinical instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019805"}
{"pmid": "1019806", "title": "Social work in a pediatric primary health care team in a group practice program.", "content": "Social work in a pediatric primary health care team in a group practice program. The inclusion of a psychiatric social worker as a member of a pediatric team in a prepaid group practice extends the range of pediatric mental health services to children. This paper discusses the collaboration of the social worker with the pediatricians and allied health personnel on the team in dealing with the emotional problems of referred children and their parents. Case examples are included. All cases seen by the social worker during a 6-month period are reviewed. With available psychiatric backup a wide range of emotional problems are identified, and effective mental health care is provided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019806"}
{"pmid": "1019807", "title": "The doctor-relative relationship: an exercise in interview techniques in the \"relatives' clinic\".", "content": "The doctor-relative relationship: an exercise in interview techniques in the \"relatives' clinic\". The importance of the physician's relationship with the patient's relative is discussed, and the content of a series of interviews with relatives is analyzed. Their significance in adding to the doctor's knowledge of the patient is delineated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019807"}
{"pmid": "1019808", "title": "Public accountability, quality assurance and social work.", "content": "Public accountability, quality assurance and social work. The growing demand for public accountability and quality assurance mechanisms affords the social work profession an opportunity to take a more forceful hand in the shaping of the health care delivery system. This paper surveys the impact of public accountability developments on the practice of social work in the health care fields, analyzes what has been done in social work qualtiy assurance, and suggests some strategies for enlarging the scope of social work to include productive new endeavors. Emphasis is placed upon resolution of the conflict between medical and human service treatment models.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019808"}
{"pmid": "1019809", "title": "Improving the effectiveness of program consultation.", "content": "Improving the effectiveness of program consultation. In a recent project concerned with the evaluation of consultation, experienced health program consultants demonstrated difficulty in two areas: (a) integrating mutnd (b) setting objectives and specifying criteria by which to measure attainment of those objectives. This paper outlines the purposes of this project, its background and methodology, and discusses in depth the areas of concern. Through an exploration of these issues in program consultation evaluation, health professionals can understand and hopefully improve their skills in this important area of functioning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019809"}
{"pmid": "1019812", "title": "Potential partners: attitudes of family practice residents toward collaboration with social workers in their future practices.", "content": "Potential partners: attitudes of family practice residents toward collaboration with social workers in their future practices. The study examines attitudes of family practice residents toward social work collaboration in their practices. Residents valued social work services highly, and almost three-fourths want a social worker in practice with them. Residents valued the broad range of services offered by social workers, and over half could see no disadvantages to such collaboration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019812"}
{"pmid": "1019814", "title": "Staffing patterns: issues and program implications for health care agencies.", "content": "Staffing patterns: issues and program implications for health care agencies. Unsolved staffing pattern issues are viewed in the current context of funding pressures, third party payment, and management necessity for program and cost projections. Relevant factors are mustered for consideration with their implications. Use of differentiated skill levels and response as well as development of departmental services mandate are considered. The author also shares his experientially derived thoughts on staff ratio to certain institutional assignments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019814"}
{"pmid": "1019813", "title": "Social work fees in medical care: a review of the literature and report of a survey.", "content": "Social work fees in medical care: a review of the literature and report of a survey. This paper is based on a study undertaken to determine the advisability of establishing fees for social work service in a Family Practice Residency Program as a way of providing a funding base to assure continuing this professional service in the model Family Practice Unit at the University of Washington; and as a way of providing social worker services in other medical clinics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019813"}
{"pmid": "1019810", "title": "Social work and genetic counseling.", "content": "Social work and genetic counseling. Genetic counselors often impart anxiety-producing information to the patient and his family. A social worker should be available to help these individuals deal with the emotional impact of the genetic facts given them. Areas of concentration for the social worker in the genetics setting include aid in family planning, identification of psychosocial aspects of genetic disorders, and help in interpreting and understanding the genetic diagnosis and medical recommendations. The individual who discovers he possesses or transmits a defective gene needs help in improving his self-image and in relieving his guilt load. Genetic counselors often impart anxiety-producing information to the patient or his family.  A social worker should be available to help these individuals deal with the emotional impact of the genetic facts given them.  Reactions to such information can be extremely varied.  Areas of concentration for the social worker in the genetics setting include aid in family planning, identification of psychosocial aspects of genetic disorders, and help in interpreting and understanding the genetic diagnosis and medical recommendations.  The individual who discovers he or she possesses or transmits a defective gene needs help in improving his or her self-image and in relieving his or her guilt load.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019810"}
{"pmid": "1019811", "title": "Group work with emphysema patients.", "content": "Group work with emphysema patients. This article describes group work services to ambulatory emphysema patients in a community hospital. The group is viewed as an essential component in the treatment of patients with a chronically disabling illness. These patients experience devastating changes in their lives in the community, in the world of work, and in their families. Physical and respiratory therapy and medication comprise the medical treatment, group work provides the peer support necessary for coping with the disease in a way as to assist with maintaining health and improving the quality of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019811"}
{"pmid": "1019815", "title": "Social science, social work and pharmacy.", "content": "Social science, social work and pharmacy. In an effort to make pharmacy a more patient oriented health profession, pharmacy students at the University of Pittsburgh are required to take a course entitled, Social Sciences in Pharmacy. Besides drawing from the diverse social and behavioral sciences this course also includes material from the field of social work. This article describes the course and the students' reactions to it. It also provides an overview of some of the recent trends in the field and suggests areas where consultation between pharmacist and social worker may be indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019815"}
{"pmid": "1019816", "title": "Are fluorocarbon emulsions useful blood substitutes.", "content": "Are fluorocarbon emulsions useful blood substitutes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019816"}
{"pmid": "1019817", "title": "Studies in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma treated with aminoglutethimide for medical adrenalectomy.", "content": "Studies in patients with metastatic breast carcinoma treated with aminoglutethimide for medical adrenalectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019817"}
{"pmid": "1019819", "title": "Effect of fine--needle biopsy, incisional biopsy, and palpation on experimental metastasis formation.", "content": "Effect of fine--needle biopsy, incisional biopsy, and palpation on experimental metastasis formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019819"}
{"pmid": "1019821", "title": "Role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in host defense mechanism against cancer.", "content": "Role of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in host defense mechanism against cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019821"}
{"pmid": "1019818", "title": "Improved survival in endotoxemia with aspirin and indomethacin pretreatment.", "content": "Improved survival in endotoxemia with aspirin and indomethacin pretreatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019818"}
{"pmid": "1019820", "title": "L-asparaginase bound to collagen membrane in an extracorporeal device: an intermittent antitumor enzyme therapy delivery system.", "content": "L-asparaginase bound to collagen membrane in an extracorporeal device: an intermittent antitumor enzyme therapy delivery system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019820"}
{"pmid": "1019822", "title": "Total body hyperthermia and preliminary results in human neoplasms.", "content": "Total body hyperthermia and preliminary results in human neoplasms. We believe the hyperthermia is an effective adjunct to current modes of cancer therapy and warrants further study. The method described is safe and effective in achieving controlled total body hyperthermia. Monitoring techniques and life support measure are discussed. Limits of tolerance in humans are defined in this series as 41.8 C for 5 hr and 42 C (108F) for 2 hr, with the heart and liver as the limiting organs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019822"}
{"pmid": "1019823", "title": "Isolation regional prefusion: an experimental study.", "content": "Isolation regional prefusion: an experimental study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019823"}
{"pmid": "1019824", "title": "Immunocompetence measured by antibody--dependent cell--mediated cytotoxicity in surgical patients.", "content": "Immunocompetence measured by antibody--dependent cell--mediated cytotoxicity in surgical patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019824"}
{"pmid": "1019825", "title": "Immunotherapy in treatment of anal condyloma acuminatum.", "content": "Immunotherapy in treatment of anal condyloma acuminatum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019825"}
{"pmid": "1019826", "title": "The ileal loop: a novel approach to study of lymphoid depletion mediated by urine.", "content": "The ileal loop: a novel approach to study of lymphoid depletion mediated by urine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019826"}
{"pmid": "1019827", "title": "Reversal of ischemically induced uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation by restoration of adequate perfusion.", "content": "Reversal of ischemically induced uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation by restoration of adequate perfusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019827"}
{"pmid": "1019829", "title": "Inhibition of tumor growth by glucan, a nonspecific immunostimulant.", "content": "Inhibition of tumor growth by glucan, a nonspecific immunostimulant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019829"}
{"pmid": "1019828", "title": "Thiabendazole: a new immunopotentiator effective in therapy of murine fibrosarcoma.", "content": "Thiabendazole: a new immunopotentiator effective in therapy of murine fibrosarcoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019828"}
{"pmid": "1019830", "title": "Enhancement of tumor growth by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB).", "content": "Enhancement of tumor growth by dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019830"}
{"pmid": "1019832", "title": "The immunostimulant Corynibacterium parvum and hematopoietic toxicity of chemotherapy.", "content": "The immunostimulant Corynibacterium parvum and hematopoietic toxicity of chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019832"}
{"pmid": "1019831", "title": "Effect of various thyroid states on immunity.", "content": "Effect of various thyroid states on immunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019831"}
{"pmid": "1019833", "title": "Unique features of serially transplanted human pancreatic cancer in nude mice.", "content": "Unique features of serially transplanted human pancreatic cancer in nude mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019833"}
{"pmid": "1019834", "title": "Local vs systemic factors in control of tumor inocula.", "content": "Local vs systemic factors in control of tumor inocula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019834"}
{"pmid": "1019835", "title": "Adjuvant immunochemotherapy of murine neoplasms.", "content": "Adjuvant immunochemotherapy of murine neoplasms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019835"}
{"pmid": "1019836", "title": "BCG immunotherapy: effects of dose and route of administration in mice bearing established tumors.", "content": "BCG immunotherapy: effects of dose and route of administration in mice bearing established tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019836"}
{"pmid": "1019838", "title": "Synergistic lymphocyte stimulation to tumor--specific antigens after immunization with modified tumor cells.", "content": "Synergistic lymphocyte stimulation to tumor--specific antigens after immunization with modified tumor cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019838"}
{"pmid": "1019840", "title": "Role of macrophages in would healing.", "content": "Role of macrophages in would healing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019840"}
{"pmid": "1019837", "title": "Inhibition of tumor growth by metyrapone and desoxycorticosterone.", "content": "Inhibition of tumor growth by metyrapone and desoxycorticosterone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019837"}
{"pmid": "1019841", "title": "Increased reliability of cellular immune assays with cryopreserved lymphocytes: studies in humans.", "content": "Increased reliability of cellular immune assays with cryopreserved lymphocytes: studies in humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019841"}
{"pmid": "1019843", "title": "Physiological dead space and arterial oxygenation following pulmonary artery occlusion in patients post trauma.", "content": "Physiological dead space and arterial oxygenation following pulmonary artery occlusion in patients post trauma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019843"}
{"pmid": "1019842", "title": "Influence of heparin and isoproterenol on ventilation and perfusion following pulmonary embolism.", "content": "Influence of heparin and isoproterenol on ventilation and perfusion following pulmonary embolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019842"}
{"pmid": "1019844", "title": "Effect of colloid osmotic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure on intrapulmonary shunt.", "content": "Effect of colloid osmotic pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure on intrapulmonary shunt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019844"}
{"pmid": "1019839", "title": "Role of tumor angiogenesis factor in maintenance of tumor-induced vessels.", "content": "Role of tumor angiogenesis factor in maintenance of tumor-induced vessels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019839"}
{"pmid": "1019845", "title": "Effects of hepatic autologous lysosomal enzymes on rat lungs.", "content": "Effects of hepatic autologous lysosomal enzymes on rat lungs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019845"}
{"pmid": "1019846", "title": "Intravascular platelet neutrophil aggregation in staging of posttraumatic pulmonary insufficiency.", "content": "Intravascular platelet neutrophil aggregation in staging of posttraumatic pulmonary insufficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019846"}
{"pmid": "1019850", "title": "A pulse technique for measuring compliance of the lung.", "content": "A pulse technique for measuring compliance of the lung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019850"}
{"pmid": "1019847", "title": "Effect of O2 tension on microbicidal function of leukocytes in wounds and in vitro.", "content": "Effect of O2 tension on microbicidal function of leukocytes in wounds and in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019847"}
{"pmid": "1019849", "title": "Effect of prostaglandin E-1 on the lung in hemorrhagic shock.", "content": "Effect of prostaglandin E-1 on the lung in hemorrhagic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019849"}
{"pmid": "1019848", "title": "Pulmonary changes of hemorrhagic shock with normotensive cephalic perfusion.", "content": "Pulmonary changes of hemorrhagic shock with normotensive cephalic perfusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019848"}
{"pmid": "1019851", "title": "Endobronchial cryotherapy in treatment of tracheal strictures.", "content": "Endobronchial cryotherapy in treatment of tracheal strictures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019851"}
{"pmid": "1019852", "title": "Pulmonary vascular response to nitroprusside and dipyridamole.", "content": "Pulmonary vascular response to nitroprusside and dipyridamole.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019852"}
{"pmid": "1019853", "title": "Prevention of pulmonary insufficiency by prophylactic use of PEEP and rapid respiratory rates.", "content": "Prevention of pulmonary insufficiency by prophylactic use of PEEP and rapid respiratory rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019853"}
{"pmid": "1019854", "title": "Fibrinogen 131I scans for detection of experimental absesses.", "content": "Fibrinogen 131I scans for detection of experimental absesses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019854"}
{"pmid": "1019855", "title": "Acute respiratory insufficiency: mechanisms of improving oxygenation by partial cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Acute respiratory insufficiency: mechanisms of improving oxygenation by partial cardiopulmonary bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019855"}
{"pmid": "1019856", "title": "Acute arterial ulcer detection with radionuclide particles.", "content": "Acute arterial ulcer detection with radionuclide particles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019856"}
{"pmid": "1019857", "title": "Failure of aortic cross-clamping to cause renal cortical blood flow redistribution and increased renin release.", "content": "Failure of aortic cross-clamping to cause renal cortical blood flow redistribution and increased renin release.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019857"}
{"pmid": "1019858", "title": "Mismatch of mechanical properties as a cause of arterial prostheses thrombosis.", "content": "Mismatch of mechanical properties as a cause of arterial prostheses thrombosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019858"}
{"pmid": "1019859", "title": "Correlation of endothelial damage with fibrinogen 125I accumulation in arteries.", "content": "Correlation of endothelial damage with fibrinogen 125I accumulation in arteries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019859"}
{"pmid": "1019860", "title": "Effect of steroids and immunosuppression on anastomotic intimal hyperplasia in femoral arterial bypass grafts.", "content": "Effect of steroids and immunosuppression on anastomotic intimal hyperplasia in femoral arterial bypass grafts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019860"}
{"pmid": "1019861", "title": "Effect of hypothermia, hemodilution, and pump oxygenation on organ water content and blood flow.", "content": "Effect of hypothermia, hemodilution, and pump oxygenation on organ water content and blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019861"}
{"pmid": "1019862", "title": "Fibrinolytic treatment of acute or subacute arterial thrombosis.", "content": "Fibrinolytic treatment of acute or subacute arterial thrombosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019862"}
{"pmid": "1019863", "title": "Prevention of endotoxin--induced irreversible platelet aggregation in vitro.", "content": "Prevention of endotoxin--induced irreversible platelet aggregation in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019863"}
{"pmid": "1019865", "title": "Mannitol and intra--aortic balloon pumping as interventions to reduce myocardial infarct size.", "content": "Mannitol and intra--aortic balloon pumping as interventions to reduce myocardial infarct size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019865"}
{"pmid": "1019864", "title": "Effects of intra-aortic balloon assistance on plasma catecholamines after myocardial infarction.", "content": "Effects of intra-aortic balloon assistance on plasma catecholamines after myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019864"}
{"pmid": "1019867", "title": "Methylprednisolone and regional myocardial blood flow during acute coronary occlusion.", "content": "Methylprednisolone and regional myocardial blood flow during acute coronary occlusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019867"}
{"pmid": "1019866", "title": "Direct vs balloon counterpulsation assistance of the failing myocardium.", "content": "Direct vs balloon counterpulsation assistance of the failing myocardium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019866"}
{"pmid": "1019868", "title": "Optimal myocardial hypothermia at 10 to 15 c.", "content": "Optimal myocardial hypothermia at 10 to 15 c.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019868"}
{"pmid": "1019869", "title": "Effect of hemodilution and profound hypothermic circulatory arrest on blood flow and oxygen consumption of the brain.", "content": "Effect of hemodilution and profound hypothermic circulatory arrest on blood flow and oxygen consumption of the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019869"}
{"pmid": "1019870", "title": "Effects of ischemia on left ventricular regional function in conscious dogs.", "content": "Effects of ischemia on left ventricular regional function in conscious dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019870"}
{"pmid": "1019872", "title": "Arteriovenous shunting in the canine hindlimb with sepsis.", "content": "Arteriovenous shunting in the canine hindlimb with sepsis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019872"}
{"pmid": "1019871", "title": "Myocardial preservation with glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) and steroids during anoxic arrest.", "content": "Myocardial preservation with glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) and steroids during anoxic arrest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019871"}
{"pmid": "1019873", "title": "Intermittent infusion of cardioplegic solution during aortic cross-clamping.", "content": "Intermittent infusion of cardioplegic solution during aortic cross-clamping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019873"}
{"pmid": "1019874", "title": "Citrate reperfusion of ischemic heart in cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Citrate reperfusion of ischemic heart in cardiopulmonary bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019874"}
{"pmid": "1019875", "title": "Effects of steroid pretreatment on LV blood flow, compliance, and performance after hypothermic ischemic arrest.", "content": "Effects of steroid pretreatment on LV blood flow, compliance, and performance after hypothermic ischemic arrest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019875"}
{"pmid": "1019876", "title": "Myocardial ischemia distal to critical coronary stenosis during cardiopulmonary bypass: fibrillating vs beating nonworking heart.", "content": "Myocardial ischemia distal to critical coronary stenosis during cardiopulmonary bypass: fibrillating vs beating nonworking heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019876"}
{"pmid": "1019879", "title": "Coronary blood flow and metabolism in dogs without tricuspid valve, with and without right ventricular hypertension.", "content": "Coronary blood flow and metabolism in dogs without tricuspid valve, with and without right ventricular hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019879"}
{"pmid": "1019877", "title": "Effects of increasing pacemaker sensing circuit impedance on R-wave detection.", "content": "Effects of increasing pacemaker sensing circuit impedance on R-wave detection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019877"}
{"pmid": "1019878", "title": "Radionuclide assessment of left ventricular function following cardiac surgery.", "content": "Radionuclide assessment of left ventricular function following cardiac surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019878"}
{"pmid": "1019880", "title": "Does potassium-chloride-induced cardiac arrest protect the myocardium during aortic cross-clamping?", "content": "Does potassium-chloride-induced cardiac arrest protect the myocardium during aortic cross-clamping?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019880"}
{"pmid": "1019881", "title": "Body composition following heart valve replacement.", "content": "Body composition following heart valve replacement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019881"}
{"pmid": "1019882", "title": "Neutrophil chemotaxis in surgical patients: effect of cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Neutrophil chemotaxis in surgical patients: effect of cardiopulmonary bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019882"}
{"pmid": "1019883", "title": "Distribution of renal blood flow after furosemide in critically ill patients.", "content": "Distribution of renal blood flow after furosemide in critically ill patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019883"}
{"pmid": "1019884", "title": "Dopamine vs epinephrine in patients following cardiac surgery: randomized study.", "content": "Dopamine vs epinephrine in patients following cardiac surgery: randomized study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019884"}
{"pmid": "1019885", "title": "An experimental evaluation of coronary air embolism.", "content": "An experimental evaluation of coronary air embolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019885"}
{"pmid": "1019886", "title": "An experimental model of cardiomyopathy.", "content": "An experimental model of cardiomyopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019886"}
{"pmid": "1019887", "title": "Graded venous hypertension as a potentiator of ischemic myocardial injury.", "content": "Graded venous hypertension as a potentiator of ischemic myocardial injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019887"}
{"pmid": "1019890", "title": "Septic cardiomyopathy: physiology of left ventricular failure.", "content": "Septic cardiomyopathy: physiology of left ventricular failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019890"}
{"pmid": "1019889", "title": "Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on neutrophil chemotaxis.", "content": "Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on neutrophil chemotaxis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019889"}
{"pmid": "1019888", "title": "Simplified in vivo measurement of diastolic compliance of the left ventricle.", "content": "Simplified in vivo measurement of diastolic compliance of the left ventricle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019888"}
{"pmid": "1019891", "title": "Effects of glucagon on renal function in protein--deprived rats.", "content": "Effects of glucagon on renal function in protein--deprived rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019891"}
{"pmid": "1019892", "title": "Totally implantable diaphragm pacemaker: experimental studies.", "content": "Totally implantable diaphragm pacemaker: experimental studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019892"}
{"pmid": "1019893", "title": "Myocardial contusion: diagnostic value of cardiac scanning and echocardiography.", "content": "Myocardial contusion: diagnostic value of cardiac scanning and echocardiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019893"}
{"pmid": "1019894", "title": "Physiologic function of transplanted parathyroid glands in man.", "content": "Physiologic function of transplanted parathyroid glands in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019894"}
{"pmid": "1019895", "title": "Endogenous fuels in experimental shock.", "content": "Endogenous fuels in experimental shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019895"}
{"pmid": "1019896", "title": "Isolation and biological characterization of rat histocompatibility antigens.", "content": "Isolation and biological characterization of rat histocompatibility antigens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019896"}
{"pmid": "1019898", "title": "Depressed cellular immunity in diabetics.", "content": "Depressed cellular immunity in diabetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019898"}
{"pmid": "1019897", "title": "Effects of glucose and alanine on energy metabolism in hemorrhagic shock.", "content": "Effects of glucose and alanine on energy metabolism in hemorrhagic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019897"}
{"pmid": "1019899", "title": "Interference with testicular development by delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol.", "content": "Interference with testicular development by delta 9 tetrahydrocannabinol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019899"}
{"pmid": "1019900", "title": "Mechanism of elevated cerebral serotonin concentration associated with acute hepatic ischemia.", "content": "Mechanism of elevated cerebral serotonin concentration associated with acute hepatic ischemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019900"}
{"pmid": "1019901", "title": "Regulation of liver regeneration by the pancreas in dogs.", "content": "Regulation of liver regeneration by the pancreas in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019901"}
{"pmid": "1019902", "title": "Pancreas extract and liver regeneration.", "content": "Pancreas extract and liver regeneration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019902"}
{"pmid": "1019903", "title": "Hepatotrophic activity in nonpancreatic, nonduodenal portal blood.", "content": "Hepatotrophic activity in nonpancreatic, nonduodenal portal blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019903"}
{"pmid": "1019904", "title": "Hepatic blood flow and pancreatic hormones as modifiers of hepatic regeneration.", "content": "Hepatic blood flow and pancreatic hormones as modifiers of hepatic regeneration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019904"}
{"pmid": "1019905", "title": "Wound healing in partially hepatectomized rats and effect of their serum on fibroblast growth in vitro.", "content": "Wound healing in partially hepatectomized rats and effect of their serum on fibroblast growth in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019905"}
{"pmid": "1019906", "title": "Insulinase in liver cirrhosis.", "content": "Insulinase in liver cirrhosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019906"}
{"pmid": "1019907", "title": "Nitrogen--sparing in normal man:effect of glycerol and amino acids given peripherally.", "content": "Nitrogen--sparing in normal man:effect of glycerol and amino acids given peripherally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019907"}
{"pmid": "1019908", "title": "Early hemodynamic effects of the distal splenorenal shunt.", "content": "Early hemodynamic effects of the distal splenorenal shunt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019908"}
{"pmid": "1019910", "title": "Bile acid alterations in patients with cholesterol gallstones.", "content": "Bile acid alterations in patients with cholesterol gallstones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019910"}
{"pmid": "1019909", "title": "Effect of portacaval shunt on rat serum lipids, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, and lipoproteins.", "content": "Effect of portacaval shunt on rat serum lipids, lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase, and lipoproteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019909"}
{"pmid": "1019911", "title": "Response of the distal esophageal sphincter to respiratory and positional maneuvers in humans.", "content": "Response of the distal esophageal sphincter to respiratory and positional maneuvers in humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019911"}
{"pmid": "1019912", "title": "Bicarbonate perfusion and lower esophageal sphincter response to pentagastrin.", "content": "Bicarbonate perfusion and lower esophageal sphincter response to pentagastrin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019912"}
{"pmid": "1019913", "title": "Effect of glucose on the nitrogen--sparing effect of amino acids given intravenously.", "content": "Effect of glucose on the nitrogen--sparing effect of amino acids given intravenously.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019913"}
{"pmid": "1019914", "title": "Vagal stimulation of canine duodenal motor activity.", "content": "Vagal stimulation of canine duodenal motor activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019914"}
{"pmid": "1019915", "title": "Prostaglandin E2 prevents aspirin and indomethacin damage to human gastric mucosa.", "content": "Prostaglandin E2 prevents aspirin and indomethacin damage to human gastric mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019915"}
{"pmid": "1019916", "title": "Effect of the E2 prostaglandins on gastric mucus production in rats.", "content": "Effect of the E2 prostaglandins on gastric mucus production in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019916"}
{"pmid": "1019917", "title": "Normal structure--function relationships in gastric microcirculation and changes in experimental stress ulceration.", "content": "Normal structure--function relationships in gastric microcirculation and changes in experimental stress ulceration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019917"}
{"pmid": "1019918", "title": "Stimulation of gastrin secretion by parathyroid hormone.", "content": "Stimulation of gastrin secretion by parathyroid hormone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019918"}
{"pmid": "1019919", "title": "Patterns of molecular forms of gastrin in antral mucosa and antral serum.", "content": "Patterns of molecular forms of gastrin in antral mucosa and antral serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019919"}
{"pmid": "1019920", "title": "Chronic hypergastrinemia produces hypertrophy of the liver and intestine in rats.", "content": "Chronic hypergastrinemia produces hypertrophy of the liver and intestine in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019920"}
{"pmid": "1019921", "title": "Effect of bombesin on serum gastrin and cholecystokinin in dogs.", "content": "Effect of bombesin on serum gastrin and cholecystokinin in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019921"}
{"pmid": "1019922", "title": "Gastric autoantibody and serum gastrin in achlorhydric states.", "content": "Gastric autoantibody and serum gastrin in achlorhydric states.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019922"}
{"pmid": "1019923", "title": "Adverse effects of elemental diets on tolerance for fluorouracil (5-fu) toxicity in rats.", "content": "Adverse effects of elemental diets on tolerance for fluorouracil (5-fu) toxicity in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019923"}
{"pmid": "1019924", "title": "Gastrin cell hyperplasia induced by corticosteroids.", "content": "Gastrin cell hyperplasia induced by corticosteroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019924"}
{"pmid": "1019925", "title": "Effect of prostaglandin E1 on plasma secretin and pancreatic exocrine function in dogs.", "content": "Effect of prostaglandin E1 on plasma secretin and pancreatic exocrine function in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019925"}
{"pmid": "1019926", "title": "Determination of secretin levels in mucosa by radiommunoassay.", "content": "Determination of secretin levels in mucosa by radiommunoassay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019926"}
{"pmid": "1019927", "title": "Metabolic significance of skeletal muscle during normal and shock conditions.", "content": "Metabolic significance of skeletal muscle during normal and shock conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019927"}
{"pmid": "1019928", "title": "Cholecystokinin, a new hypocalcemic agent.", "content": "Cholecystokinin, a new hypocalcemic agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019928"}
{"pmid": "1019929", "title": "The placenta as a possible source of gut peptide hormones.", "content": "The placenta as a possible source of gut peptide hormones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019929"}
{"pmid": "1019930", "title": "Active bicarbonate secretion by mammalian antrum.", "content": "Active bicarbonate secretion by mammalian antrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019930"}
{"pmid": "1019931", "title": "Early proliferative activity in the left colon of the rat after partial small--bowel resection.", "content": "Early proliferative activity in the left colon of the rat after partial small--bowel resection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019931"}
{"pmid": "1019932", "title": "Effect of bile acids on hepatic cholesterol synthesis in partial ileal bypass in rabbits.", "content": "Effect of bile acids on hepatic cholesterol synthesis in partial ileal bypass in rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019932"}
{"pmid": "1019934", "title": "Origin of regeneration factor.", "content": "Origin of regeneration factor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019934"}
{"pmid": "1019933", "title": "Small--intestinal bypass in nutritionally obese rats receiving choline supplement.", "content": "Small--intestinal bypass in nutritionally obese rats receiving choline supplement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019933"}
{"pmid": "1019936", "title": "Duodenal reflux into the pancreatic duct in dogs.", "content": "Duodenal reflux into the pancreatic duct in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019936"}
{"pmid": "1019935", "title": "Action of insulin inhibitors on exocrine pancreatic secretion of the rat with chronic pancreatic fistula.", "content": "Action of insulin inhibitors on exocrine pancreatic secretion of the rat with chronic pancreatic fistula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019935"}
{"pmid": "1019937", "title": "Development of an animal model of pancreatic cancer.", "content": "Development of an animal model of pancreatic cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019937"}
{"pmid": "1019938", "title": "Anticoagulation in the treatment of experimental peritonitis.", "content": "Anticoagulation in the treatment of experimental peritonitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019938"}
{"pmid": "1019939", "title": "Delivery of surgical care: inferences based on hospital discharge abstract data.", "content": "Delivery of surgical care: inferences based on hospital discharge abstract data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019939"}
{"pmid": "1019940", "title": "Microsurgical anatomy of anterior cerebral anterior communicating recurrent artery complex.", "content": "Microsurgical anatomy of anterior cerebral anterior communicating recurrent artery complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019940"}
{"pmid": "1019941", "title": "Spinal cord deformation velocity, impulse, and energy related to lesion volume in \"standardized\" trauma.", "content": "Spinal cord deformation velocity, impulse, and energy related to lesion volume in \"standardized\" trauma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019941"}
{"pmid": "1019943", "title": "Dynamics of capillary permeability in cerebral edema.", "content": "Dynamics of capillary permeability in cerebral edema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019943"}
{"pmid": "1019944", "title": "Time course of brain tissue pressure and compartmental CSF pressure in cerebral edema.", "content": "Time course of brain tissue pressure and compartmental CSF pressure in cerebral edema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019944"}
{"pmid": "1019942", "title": "Hemorrhagic pulmonary edema following stereotactic hypothalamic lesions in dogs.", "content": "Hemorrhagic pulmonary edema following stereotactic hypothalamic lesions in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019942"}
{"pmid": "1019945", "title": "Effect of dexamethasone on the brain edema of cranial impact.", "content": "Effect of dexamethasone on the brain edema of cranial impact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019945"}
{"pmid": "1019946", "title": "Threshold loaded CO2 response curves: a new method for evaluating breathing in neurosurgical patients.", "content": "Threshold loaded CO2 response curves: a new method for evaluating breathing in neurosurgical patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019946"}
{"pmid": "1019947", "title": "Experimental selective middle cerebral artery stroke model.", "content": "Experimental selective middle cerebral artery stroke model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019947"}
{"pmid": "1019948", "title": "Experimental middle cerebral artery microsurgical embolectomy.", "content": "Experimental middle cerebral artery microsurgical embolectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019948"}
{"pmid": "1019949", "title": "Cerebral effects of barbiturate: shift from \"energy\" to synthesis metabolism for cellular viability.", "content": "Cerebral effects of barbiturate: shift from \"energy\" to synthesis metabolism for cellular viability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019949"}
{"pmid": "1019950", "title": "Cerebral hemodynamics: effect of mannitol on the cerebral perfusion gradient.", "content": "Cerebral hemodynamics: effect of mannitol on the cerebral perfusion gradient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019950"}
{"pmid": "1019951", "title": "The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test in evaluation of postoperative fever.", "content": "The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test in evaluation of postoperative fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019951"}
{"pmid": "1019952", "title": "Regional cerebral blood flow: intravenous injection technique.", "content": "Regional cerebral blood flow: intravenous injection technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019952"}
{"pmid": "1019953", "title": "Preliminary observations on the weight-bearing surfaces of the human ankle joint.", "content": "Preliminary observations on the weight-bearing surfaces of the human ankle joint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019953"}
{"pmid": "1019954", "title": "Rotational axis of the ankle joint: comparison of normal and pathologic states.", "content": "Rotational axis of the ankle joint: comparison of normal and pathologic states.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019954"}
{"pmid": "1019955", "title": "Effects of ligamentous injury on ankle and subtalar joints: a kinematic study.", "content": "Effects of ligamentous injury on ankle and subtalar joints: a kinematic study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019955"}
{"pmid": "1019956", "title": "In vitro strain patterns in \"intertrochanteric fractures\" internally fixed with nail-plate or compression screw-plate.", "content": "In vitro strain patterns in \"intertrochanteric fractures\" internally fixed with nail-plate or compression screw-plate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019956"}
{"pmid": "1019957", "title": "Pathologic fractures of femoral shaft: study of internal fixation techniques incorporating methylmethacrylate.", "content": "Pathologic fractures of femoral shaft: study of internal fixation techniques incorporating methylmethacrylate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019957"}
{"pmid": "1019958", "title": "Etiology of fat embolism syndrome: early morphologic lung changes of respiratory distress syndrome produced by triolein.", "content": "Etiology of fat embolism syndrome: early morphologic lung changes of respiratory distress syndrome produced by triolein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019958"}
{"pmid": "1019959", "title": "The biophysical properties of methylmethacrylate: effects of radiation and other parameters.", "content": "The biophysical properties of methylmethacrylate: effects of radiation and other parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019959"}
{"pmid": "1019960", "title": "Patterns of mineralization in forming membrane bone.", "content": "Patterns of mineralization in forming membrane bone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019960"}
{"pmid": "1019961", "title": "Cortical bone atrophy secondary to compression plate fixation: a clinical and pathophysiologic study.", "content": "Cortical bone atrophy secondary to compression plate fixation: a clinical and pathophysiologic study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019961"}
{"pmid": "1019962", "title": "The hypertension of femoral lengthening: a canine experimental model.", "content": "The hypertension of femoral lengthening: a canine experimental model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019962"}
{"pmid": "1019963", "title": "Experimental chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis.", "content": "Experimental chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019963"}
{"pmid": "1019964", "title": "Serum, muscle, and bone levels of intravenous, intra-arterial, and regional cephalothin perfusion.", "content": "Serum, muscle, and bone levels of intravenous, intra-arterial, and regional cephalothin perfusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019964"}
{"pmid": "1019965", "title": "Induction of collagen synthesis in rats by transplantation of allogenic macrophages.", "content": "Induction of collagen synthesis in rats by transplantation of allogenic macrophages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019965"}
{"pmid": "1019966", "title": "Hearing loss, renal disease, and cochlear strial deposits.", "content": "Hearing loss, renal disease, and cochlear strial deposits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019966"}
{"pmid": "1019967", "title": "Control characteristics of the normal human in quiet standing.", "content": "Control characteristics of the normal human in quiet standing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019967"}
{"pmid": "1019968", "title": "Alteration of pulmonary function associated with artificial nasal obstruction.", "content": "Alteration of pulmonary function associated with artificial nasal obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019968"}
{"pmid": "1019969", "title": "Effect of radiotherapy on aerobic and anaerobic isolates in hemovac lines.", "content": "Effect of radiotherapy on aerobic and anaerobic isolates in hemovac lines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019969"}
{"pmid": "1019970", "title": "Teratomas of the head and neck.", "content": "Teratomas of the head and neck.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019970"}
{"pmid": "1019971", "title": "Microsurgical anatomy of the optic canal: anatomical relations and exposure of the optic nerve.", "content": "Microsurgical anatomy of the optic canal: anatomical relations and exposure of the optic nerve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019971"}
{"pmid": "1019972", "title": "Deep ocular socket reconstruction.", "content": "Deep ocular socket reconstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019972"}
{"pmid": "1019973", "title": "Maxillectomy with preservation of orbital function.", "content": "Maxillectomy with preservation of orbital function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019973"}
{"pmid": "1019974", "title": "Systemic and regional arteriovenous shunting in endotoxic and septic shock in dogs.", "content": "Systemic and regional arteriovenous shunting in endotoxic and septic shock in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019974"}
{"pmid": "1019975", "title": "A new collagen sponge to dress open wounds.", "content": "A new collagen sponge to dress open wounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019975"}
{"pmid": "1019976", "title": "Calcium-related cutaneous necrosis.", "content": "Calcium-related cutaneous necrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019976"}
{"pmid": "1019977", "title": "The periosteum and craniofacial growth.", "content": "The periosteum and craniofacial growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019977"}
{"pmid": "1019978", "title": "Altered polymorphonuclear leukocyte bioenergetics in patients with thermal injury.", "content": "Altered polymorphonuclear leukocyte bioenergetics in patients with thermal injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019978"}
{"pmid": "1019979", "title": "Prolonged ischemia in the replanted rat leg: a biochemical and morphologic study with microvascular techniques.", "content": "Prolonged ischemia in the replanted rat leg: a biochemical and morphologic study with microvascular techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019979"}
{"pmid": "1019980", "title": "Effects of mobilization on partially lacerated tendons.", "content": "Effects of mobilization on partially lacerated tendons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019980"}
{"pmid": "1019981", "title": "Quality of tendon graft healing in silastic pseudosheaths: breaking-strength studies.", "content": "Quality of tendon graft healing in silastic pseudosheaths: breaking-strength studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019981"}
{"pmid": "1019982", "title": "Immune \"save\" of lethally irradiated mice with use of allogeneic spleen cells.", "content": "Immune \"save\" of lethally irradiated mice with use of allogeneic spleen cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019982"}
{"pmid": "1019983", "title": "Continuous monitoring of in vivo oxygen tension with a fuel cell.", "content": "Continuous monitoring of in vivo oxygen tension with a fuel cell.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019983"}
{"pmid": "1019985", "title": "Dose-related effect of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and cyproterone acetate on male organ weights.", "content": "Dose-related effect of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and cyproterone acetate on male organ weights.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019985"}
{"pmid": "1019984", "title": "Androgenic effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone applied topically to the rat phallus.", "content": "Androgenic effects of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone applied topically to the rat phallus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019984"}
{"pmid": "1019986", "title": "Renal air embolism: an unrecognized cause of organ failure.", "content": "Renal air embolism: an unrecognized cause of organ failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019986"}
{"pmid": "1019987", "title": "Response to chemically induced prostatic tumors in rats to stilbestrol and orchiectomy.", "content": "Response to chemically induced prostatic tumors in rats to stilbestrol and orchiectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019987"}
{"pmid": "1019988", "title": "Spontaneously occurring renal adenocarcinoma in balb c/cr mice: electron microscopic observations.", "content": "Spontaneously occurring renal adenocarcinoma in balb c/cr mice: electron microscopic observations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019988"}
{"pmid": "1019989", "title": "An in vivo model system of human bladder cancer.", "content": "An in vivo model system of human bladder cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019989"}
{"pmid": "1019991", "title": "Effect of distention on vesical blood flow.", "content": "Effect of distention on vesical blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019991"}
{"pmid": "1019990", "title": "Bladder adherence to urothelium.", "content": "Bladder adherence to urothelium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019990"}
{"pmid": "1019992", "title": "High-dose glucose-insulin-potassium in treatment of irreversible hemorrhagic shock.", "content": "High-dose glucose-insulin-potassium in treatment of irreversible hemorrhagic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019992"}
{"pmid": "1019993", "title": "Prostatic fluid and extract from prostate inhibit macrophages.", "content": "Prostatic fluid and extract from prostate inhibit macrophages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019993"}
{"pmid": "1019994", "title": "Improvement of oxygen--carrying properties of stoma--free hemoglobin solution with acetrizoate sodium.", "content": "Improvement of oxygen--carrying properties of stoma--free hemoglobin solution with acetrizoate sodium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019994"}
{"pmid": "1019995", "title": "Pulmonary and systemic capillary permeability to protein following endotoxin.", "content": "Pulmonary and systemic capillary permeability to protein following endotoxin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019995"}
{"pmid": "1019996", "title": "Antibiotic bowel preparation and burn wound colonization.", "content": "Antibiotic bowel preparation and burn wound colonization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019996"}
{"pmid": "1019997", "title": "Role of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) intake in preventing muscle proteolysis.", "content": "Role of branched chain amino acids (BCAA) intake in preventing muscle proteolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019997"}
{"pmid": "1019998", "title": "Erythropoietin elevation in anemia of thermal injury.", "content": "Erythropoietin elevation in anemia of thermal injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019998"}
{"pmid": "1020000", "title": "Cholesterol metabolism after portacaval shunt and partial ileal bypass in rabbits.", "content": "Cholesterol metabolism after portacaval shunt and partial ileal bypass in rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020000"}
{"pmid": "1019999", "title": "Jejunoileal bypass, liver morphology, and intestinal microflora in conventional and germfree dogs.", "content": "Jejunoileal bypass, liver morphology, and intestinal microflora in conventional and germfree dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1019999"}
{"pmid": "1020002", "title": "Hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy and neonatal hypocalcemia.", "content": "Hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy and neonatal hypocalcemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020002"}
{"pmid": "1020001", "title": "Effect of total portal and intestinal venous diversion of dietary hyperlipidemia.", "content": "Effect of total portal and intestinal venous diversion of dietary hyperlipidemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020001"}
{"pmid": "1020003", "title": "Functional activity of a gonadotrophin--producing human lung carcinoma after transplantation in nude mice.", "content": "Functional activity of a gonadotrophin--producing human lung carcinoma after transplantation in nude mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020003"}
{"pmid": "1020004", "title": "Elevated immunoglobulins in bronchial washings of patients with lung cancer.", "content": "Elevated immunoglobulins in bronchial washings of patients with lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020004"}
{"pmid": "1020005", "title": "Safe use of vincristine following partial hepatectomy.", "content": "Safe use of vincristine following partial hepatectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020005"}
{"pmid": "1020006", "title": "Effect of surgery on antitumor immunity measured by tube leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in breast cancer.", "content": "Effect of surgery on antitumor immunity measured by tube leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020006"}
{"pmid": "1020007", "title": "Diagnostic accuracy of thermography in breast cancer screening: effect of examination sequence.", "content": "Diagnostic accuracy of thermography in breast cancer screening: effect of examination sequence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020007"}
{"pmid": "1020008", "title": "Treatment of breast cancer with danazol.", "content": "Treatment of breast cancer with danazol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020008"}
{"pmid": "1020009", "title": "Immunologic diagnosis of breast cancer.", "content": "Immunologic diagnosis of breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020009"}
{"pmid": "1020010", "title": "Estrogen-receptor movement to the nucleus: discussion of a cytoplasmic-exclusion hypothesis.", "content": "Estrogen-receptor movement to the nucleus: discussion of a cytoplasmic-exclusion hypothesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020010"}
{"pmid": "1020011", "title": "Investigation of the mechanisms and consequences of steroid hormone action on vitellogenin synthesis in Xenopus laevis.", "content": "Investigation of the mechanisms and consequences of steroid hormone action on vitellogenin synthesis in Xenopus laevis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020011"}
{"pmid": "1020017", "title": "Light and dark adaptational changes in the accessory eye of the shrimp, Palaemonetes.", "content": "Light and dark adaptational changes in the accessory eye of the shrimp, Palaemonetes. The fine structure of the accessory eye of the shrimp, Palaemonetes, was studied after light and dark adaptation. Adjacent to the principal compound eye, the accessory eye is a small compound eye composed of about 20 ommatidia which are smaller in structure to the ommatidia of the principal compound eye. During dark adaptation, rhabdomal microvilli increase in length; however, little pigment migration occurs. The implications of these changes in relation to the function of the accessory eye are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020017"}
{"pmid": "1020019", "title": "Quantitative changes and ultrastructural alterations of the cornea in response to ultraviolet light. II. Effects of amphibia; elucidation of desmosomal structure and basement membrane synthesis.", "content": "Quantitative changes and ultrastructural alterations of the cornea in response to ultraviolet light. II. Effects of amphibia; elucidation of desmosomal structure and basement membrane synthesis. The effects of far ultraviolet light irradiation upon an amphibian cornea were studied to compare the effects observed both quantitatively and ultrastructurally with data obtained after UV irradiation of mammalian corneas. The ultimate goal of this series of investigations is the elucidation of the alterations and the regeneration mechanisms, which might reflect existing morphological diversities among the species, observed in vertebrate corneas following exposure to UV light. It was found that while the epithelial cells undergo oedema after low dose exposures and are gradually damaged after high doses of UV light, 2-4 days leter a new epithelium has been formed. Intercellular permeability is increased by low dose exposure as was detected by the penetration of Ruthenium Red into the intercellular clefts. Under these conditions desmosomal structure revealed a 21-laminar configuration. The basement membrane of the amphibian, unlike that of the mammal, does not dissolve away upon exposure but shows localized disruptions which are thought to accommodate the passage of leucocytes from stroma to epithelium. That a new basement membrane is subsequently formed is evident by the existence of extracellular and intracellular secretion granules. In comparison to irradiated rabbit corneas, this stroma remains remarkably at the same thickness following a high dose exposure although a noticeable disorganization of collagen arrangement is apparent. Finally, as in the case of the rabbit corneas, a secondary degeneration of endothelium was observed 4 days after a moderate dose exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020019"}
{"pmid": "1020018", "title": "Quantitative and comparative ultrastructure of the vertebrate cornea. I. Urodele Amphibia.", "content": "Quantitative and comparative ultrastructure of the vertebrate cornea. I. Urodele Amphibia. The cornea of the urodele amphibian Triturus c. cristatus was studied ultrastructurally in order to provide the basis for a comparison among corneas throughout the vertebrate phylum. The cornea of this salamander consists of relatively thick epithelium and basement membrane and thin Descemet's membrane, unlike the mammalian corneas. The outermost epithelial cells contain Ruthenium Red stainable extracellular filaments and intracellular vesicles which are thought to play a role in the process of lubricating the corneal surface. Occluding junctions have been observed in the apical region of the superficial epithelial cells and are considered as barriers to the intercellular passage of material. A thin substantia propria (stroma) consists of about 40 collagenous highly organized lamellae. The thicknesses of the basement membrane, Descemet's membrane and the epithelium are believed to represent the primitive situation in the process of corneal evolution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020018"}
{"pmid": "1020020", "title": "Fine structure of the spermatozoon of an onychophoran, Peripatopsis.", "content": "Fine structure of the spermatozoon of an onychophoran, Peripatopsis. The spermatozoon of the Onychophoran Peripatopsis moseleyi is described. This cell is characterized by the general filiform shape, the absence of an acrosome, the presence of mitochondrial derivatives, of an annulus and of nine accessory tubules and a manchette of microtubules around the axoneme. All of these characters are typical of highly evolved sperm models, like those of insects and mammals, and suggest a long evolutionary history. Only the position of the mitochondria, inserted between nucelus and axoneme, is reminiscent of annelid features.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020020"}
{"pmid": "1020021", "title": "The morphology of regeneration of skeletal muscles in the rat.", "content": "The morphology of regeneration of skeletal muscles in the rat. Muscle regeneration was studied by light and electron microscopy in soleus muscles of rat. After segmental crushing the number of fibres increased in some muscles within 30 days, indicating that numerical hyperplasia can take place. Locally applied Ringer solution of 60-70 degrees C caused necrosis of myofibres but left satellite cells and blood supply largely intact. Following phagocytosis, four mechanisms of regeneration were seen. (1) Lost fibres were replaced by clusters of myotubes formed by satellite cells within persisting basal lamina tubes. These clusters displaced the surrounding endomysium and looked like longitudinally 'split' fibres. (2) Viable fibre fragments fused with satellite cells. (3) Satellite cells of surviving fibres proliferated and fused to myotubes localized beneath the basal lamina. (4) Thin new fibres occurred in the interstitium. Their origin remained unknown. After 6 months the mean size of the new myofibres was normal, but the scatter of diameters was increased, central nuclei, fibre 'spliting' and branching, and fibrosis were prominent. Staining for acetylcholinesterase revealed that many fibres were short and not innervated. The similarity with dystrophic muscles in man suggested, that the most prominent histological changes in myopathic muscles may be due to attempts of regeneration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020021"}
{"pmid": "1020022", "title": "The investigation of vinylcyclohexane dioxide as a polar dehydrant for the improved retention of lipids in the Spurr embedment.", "content": "The investigation of vinylcyclohexane dioxide as a polar dehydrant for the improved retention of lipids in the Spurr embedment. The use of vinylcyclohexane dioxide (VCD) as a polar dehydrant with subsequent embedment in Spurr was studied. The utilization of Epon 812 resin (E 812), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEM) and hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPM) as polar dehydrants for Epon embedment were re-examined, and a polar Epon mix was introduced. The most effective dehydration sequence was: first 90%, then 95% VCD in water for 5 min. followed by two 20 min changes of 100% VCD. After 1 hr in equal quantities of VCD and Spurr mix, tissues were infiltrated with Spurr embedment (two 1 hr changes and overnight) and finally embedded in Spurr and polymerized at 60 degrees C for 16 hr. The most utilizable polar Epon mix was determined to be Epon 812 = 50 ml, NMA=42 ml, DMP-30=1-2 ml. It was somewhat brittle but cut well with both glass and diamond knives. All four polar dehydrants were found to retain lipids and carbohydrates equally well in thin section in striated and cardiac muscle, liver, kidney and brain from the rat. The E 812 was the only dehydrant that retained lung multilamellar bodies. The possible carcinogenic effects of VCD were considered and the probably metabolism and excretion of VCD were discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020022"}
{"pmid": "1020023", "title": "Hyperinsulinemia: effects on body weight, obesity and motivated behaviors.", "content": "Hyperinsulinemia: effects on body weight, obesity and motivated behaviors. Five experiments were performed to evaluate the physiological and behavioral similarities between lesions of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and injection-produced hyperinsulinemia. It was found that the rate of weight gain and fat deposition in both adult and weanling rats was essentially the same for both VMH and hyperinsulinemic rats. Measures of activity and taste preference measures yielded no differences between hyperinsulinemic rats and intact rats. Electric shock thresholds revealed a decrease in reactivity for hyperinsulinemic rats compared to intact rats. A hypothesis was suggested in which a combination of hypophysectomy, gonadectomy, and hyperinsulinemia might produce most of the physiological effects seen with VMH lesions. It was also suggested that since these physiological alterations radically modify the organism's internal environment, the behavioral effects of VMH lesions may be the results of the attempts of a brain-damaged animal to maintain new physiological conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020023"}
{"pmid": "1020024", "title": "'Self-correcting' spherical bioelectrode.", "content": "'Self-correcting' spherical bioelectrode. Most of the widely used biopotential macroscopic and microscopic bioelectrodes do not enable proper measurements while in contact with 'problematic' tissues, such as myocardial and other muscular tissues, cortical and intracavital tissues. A quantitative spherical electrode was designed as an example in the family of bioelectrodes enabling application in moving or vibrating media. The electrode developed is insensitive to its contact area. Decreasing the contact area to 40% causes 25% increase in measured resistance only. The electrode shows excellent performance in alternating current conditions combined with well-defined direct current characteristics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020024"}
{"pmid": "1020044", "title": "Adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide in advanced bronchial carcinoma.", "content": "Adriamycin plus cyclophosphamide in advanced bronchial carcinoma. Adriamycin (40 mg/m2 i.v., on day 1) plus cyclophosphamide (200 mg/m2 orally, day 1 to 5) were given to 23 patients with advanced lung cancer. Administration cycles were repeated every 3 weeks. No patient had been previously treated with chemotherapy, 5 received prior radiotherapy. Objective improvement was observed in 7 patients, partial remission was observed in 3. The median duration of response was 2 months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020044"}
{"pmid": "1020046", "title": "Hysterosalpingography in the sequels of conisation of the uterine cervix.", "content": "Hysterosalpingography in the sequels of conisation of the uterine cervix. A hysterosalpingographic survey was made of 65 women of reproductive age who had undergone conisation of the uterine cervix for carcinoma in situ or severe dysplasia at least one year before. None of the patients investigated radiologically had undergone uterine surgery before conisation. In a high percentage of cases morphological changes of the cervical canal and, less frequently, the isthmus were found. Most of the changes are attributable to scar retraction, and the hysterosalpingographic findings did not differ appreciably from those following other types of gynecological surgery, namely, segmental or total stenosis and ectasia of the cervical canal and isthmus. A control series of patients with preoperative and postoperative hysterosalpingograms is now under consideration to confirm the radiological findings and to correlate them with clinical data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020046"}
{"pmid": "1020043", "title": "Nuclear glycogenosis and virus-like particles in human laryngeal papilloma cells.", "content": "Nuclear glycogenosis and virus-like particles in human laryngeal papilloma cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020043"}
{"pmid": "1020054", "title": "Myocardial injury induced by a single dose of adriamycin: an electron microscopic study.", "content": "Myocardial injury induced by a single dose of adriamycin: an electron microscopic study. Adriamycin cardiomyopathy has been studied under the electron microscope using myocardial ventircular cells of CRF mice, previously treated with 10 mg/kg body weight of the drug given in a single intravenous injection. Within 10 min myocardial cell nucleoli show a nucleolonema fragmentation, and during the following 3 hours they acquire the nucleolar segregation pattern. Fourteen hours after drug injection, nucleolar morphology again becomes normal, while areas of focal degeneration, characterized by damaged mitochondria and enlarged smooth reticulum cisternae, appear in the sarcoplasm. One to 3 days later the degeneration process involves the myofibrillar component, and after 50 days the great majority of myocardial ventricular cells is damaged. The early appearance and the functional significance of nucleolar segregation support the hypothesis that adriamycin cardiotoxicity might be dependent on its ability to bind to myocardial cell DNA. The consequent failure of RNA and protein synthesis, impairing the continuous renewal of myofibrillar and mitochondrial components of the cell, might explain the progressive myocardial damage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020054"}
{"pmid": "1020049", "title": "Skin tests in childhood lymphoma and neuroblastoma.", "content": "Skin tests in childhood lymphoma and neuroblastoma. Intradermal skin test antigen (Varidase, Mumps, Candidine) and contact sensitization with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were employed in 35 previously untreated children with neuroblastoma and malignant lymphoma, to evaluate delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity. Cutaneous responses were correlated to stage of disease and survival. The limited number of patients prevents any definitive conclusion. It is apparent, however, that in childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma anergy to DNCB is correlated to advanced stages with rapid progressive disease. In neuroblastoma and Hodgkin's disease patients skin test sensitization seems to be of questionable clinical value.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020049"}
{"pmid": "1020052", "title": "The importance of metastic cervical lymph nodes on the prognosis and therapy of malignant neoplasias of the head and neck.", "content": "The importance of metastic cervical lymph nodes on the prognosis and therapy of malignant neoplasias of the head and neck. The author in a study of 667 patients submitted to unilateral or bilateral radical neck dissection presents a critical analysis of clinical palpatory and histopathological methods in the evaluation of the metastatical lymph nodes in head and neck cancer. The advantages of the last one are pointed out showing the real prognostic value of the histopathological metastases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020052"}
{"pmid": "1020048", "title": "Biological properties of cell lines derived from Moloney virus-induced sarcoma.", "content": "Biological properties of cell lines derived from Moloney virus-induced sarcoma. Two cell lines derived from a primary MSV-M-induced tumor in a BALB/c mouse were studied. One line (MS-2) was subject only to continuous tissue culture transfer (tct). After 21 tct, MS-2 cells produced progressive tumors (MS-2 tumors) in syngeneic hosts. The second cell line (MS-2T) was established by cultivation of a MS-2 tumor. The ability to produce progressive tumors decreased with increased number of tct, in both cell lines. The virus content of MS-2 and MS-2T cells was very low, as shown by uridine incorporation and electron microscopy. Immmunofluorescence tests demonstrated that antigens different from the viral MSV-M antigens were present on the cell lines, and that antigenic changes occurred with increased number of tct. Serum of mice bearing progressive MS-2 tumors reacted with MS-2T cells when these cells produced progressive tumors and did not react with MS-2 cells when they produced regressing tumors. MS-2 cells producing regressing tumors reacted with serum from mice in which the MS-2 tumor had regressed and with serum from mice immunized with MS-2T cells at late tct when they were poorly oncogenic. The antigenic changes seemed, therefore, to parallel the decrease of malignancy. A chromosomal analysis carried out on MS-2 and MS-2T cells, when both produced progressive tumors, showed a modal number of 48 and 44, respectively. MS-2T cells showed a large acrocentric chromosome. In contrast, the MS-2 cells at late tct, when they gave regressing tumors, showed a modal number of 60 and a wide range of distribution of chromosome number.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020048"}
{"pmid": "1020055", "title": "Ultrastructural changes produced in cultured, adriamycin-treated myocardial cells.", "content": "Ultrastructural changes produced in cultured, adriamycin-treated myocardial cells. The ultrastructural evaluation of the early alterations adriamycin-induced on cultured mice heart cells is reported. The major effects are hypertrophy of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and a market increase of the number and total extension of the gap junctions. These findings are discussed in the light of the information available in the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020055"}
{"pmid": "1020053", "title": "A case of cavernous haemangioma of the spleen.", "content": "A case of cavernous haemangioma of the spleen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020053"}
{"pmid": "1020067", "title": "Modifications of ureteric peristalsis by local anaesthetic. An experimental study in dogs.", "content": "Modifications of ureteric peristalsis by local anaesthetic. An experimental study in dogs. An in vivo study of the response of the dog ureter to local anaesthetics administered systemically and by ureteric perfusion, revealed that lidocaine, procaine, and mepivacaine, caused hyperperistalsis. The intravenous use of a near toxic dose produced hyperperistalsis of limited duration, whereas, intraureteric administration produced a prolonged and constant response with low dosage. The mode of action of these drugs is unclear as they are generally regarded as being non specific smooth muscle depressants. Continued peristalsis after prolonged exposure to local anaesthetic favours a myogenic rather than neurogenic conduction of the ureteric contraction wave.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020067"}
{"pmid": "1020065", "title": "Trends in alloplastic replacement of segments of the urinary tract.", "content": "Trends in alloplastic replacement of segments of the urinary tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020065"}
{"pmid": "1020066", "title": "ABH secretor status in patients with bladder tumours.", "content": "ABH secretor status in patients with bladder tumours. The ABO blood groups and secretor status of a group of patients with bladder tumours were investigated and compared with those of a group of patients of a similar age suffering from a variety of genito-urinary diseases. Some of the control patients were known to have been exposed to potential carcinogens, and the findings in this group were analysed separately. No significant differences were found when comparisons of these three groups of patients were made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020066"}
{"pmid": "1020068", "title": "Urinary oxalate in summer and winter in normal subjects and in stone-forming patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria, both untreated and treated with thiazide and/or cellulose phosphate.", "content": "Urinary oxalate in summer and winter in normal subjects and in stone-forming patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria, both untreated and treated with thiazide and/or cellulose phosphate. Urinary oxalate excretion has been measured by a specific enzymatic method in normal subjects and stone formers with idiopathic hypercalciuria. In every group studied urinary oxalate was higher in the summer than in the winter. These differences were slight and not significant in normal subjects but were considerable and statistically significant in the stone formers both untreated and when treated with thiazide. Thiazides raise urinary oxalate only very slightly but cellulose phosphate leads to large rises in urinary oxalate both in the summer and the winter. The highest values of urinary oxalate were seen in the summer in patients treated with cellulose phosphate. The mean rise in this group was 70% above normal and this must be viewed with some anxiety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020068"}
{"pmid": "1020073", "title": "Lipofuscin pigment over benign and malignant choroidal tumors.", "content": "Lipofuscin pigment over benign and malignant choroidal tumors. This study has shown that lipofuscin pigment may accumulate in RPE cells and macrophages over several types of benign and malignant choroidal tumors. The color of the pigment, however, varies with the nature and color of the underlying lesion. On the surface of deeply pigmented tumors the lipofuscin pigment may produce an orange color, whereas over amelanotic lesions it may appear brown or reddish-brown. On the surface of vascular tumors, such as choroidal hemangiomas, the lipofuscin is almost invisible ophthalmoscopically but may be demonstrated with fluorescein angiography. Although the presence of such pigment accumulation is suggestive of a malignant melanoma, it is not diagnostic and may occur over benign simulating lesions as well.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020073"}
{"pmid": "1020074", "title": "A comparison of the sensitivity of carotid compression tonography with ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of internal carotid artery occlusive disease.", "content": "A comparison of the sensitivity of carotid compression tonography with ophthalmodynamometry in the diagnosis of internal carotid artery occlusive disease. The cases of 100 consecutive patients with arteriographic evidence of carotid occlusive disease were reviewed. All 100 patients had undergone ODMY and CCT prior to carotid arteriography. A comparison of the sensitivity of ODM testing with CCT testing revealed the ODMY pressure differences were reliable in detecting carotid occlusive disease in only 70 of these 100 patients, whereas CCT testing detected decreased blood flow on the involved side in 95 of the 100 patients. The advantages of CCT testing are discussed, comparing certain limitations and contraindications often encountered with ODMY testing. The CCT test is more sensitive than ODMY testing and is easier to perform. In addition, the results of CCT are more objective and provide a permanent record which can be analyzed at any time to check for reproducibility. Overall, the CCT test appears to be a more suitable screening test than ODMY to study carotid occlusive disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020074"}
{"pmid": "1020072", "title": "Clinical experience with presumed hemangioma of the choroid: radioactive phosphorus uptake studies as an aid in differential diagnosis.", "content": "Clinical experience with presumed hemangioma of the choroid: radioactive phosphorus uptake studies as an aid in differential diagnosis. A total of 27 cases of choroidal hemangioma was evaluated with radioactive phosphorus uptake studies. In each case the diagnosis of malignant melanoma was initially entertained, but the 32P test was unequivocally negative in every instance. Follow-up studies in every case have supported the clinical diagnosis. In 22 patients, the lesion was treated with photocoagulation, and in every treated case the serous macular detachment disappeared. The importance of early and correct clinical diagnosis is stressed, since these are salvageable and potentially useful seeing eyes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020072"}
{"pmid": "1020075", "title": "Denervation of the inferior oblique: current status and long-term results.", "content": "Denervation of the inferior oblique: current status and long-term results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020075"}
{"pmid": "1020070", "title": "Iatrogenic breaks in Buuch's membrane in choroidal melanoma.", "content": "Iatrogenic breaks in Buuch's membrane in choroidal melanoma. Three patients with choroidal melanoma have been observed to develop subretinal hemorrhages associated with their ocular examinations. One hemorrhage appears to have been caused by transillumination, while two others have occurred during radioactive phosphorus testing. Histopathology confirms defects in Bruch's membrane through which blood or tumor cells have entered the subretinal space.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020070"}
{"pmid": "1020071", "title": "Radiotherapy of malignant melanoma of the choroid.", "content": "Radiotherapy of malignant melanoma of the choroid. Twenty-two patients with choroidal melanomas were treated conservatively using radioactive radon rings with a mean follow-up of 43 months. In 14 patients there was successful tumor regression. Eight eyes were enucleated because of inadequate tumor response. Of the patients whose tumors were apparently destroyed, two have subsequently died of metastases and one eye was enucleated due to scleral rupture. Of the eight cases unsuccessfully treated, one has subsequently died of metastases. Radiation therapy is likely to be effective in patients with tumors 7 mm in diameter and 2 mm in elevation or less. Tumors larger than 12 mm in diameter and 3 mm in elevation do not respond adequately to irradiation. Relatively large doses of radiation (at least 8,000 rads to the tumor apex) must be used if the tumor is to be effectively obliterated. We believe that radiation effectively can destroy small choroidal melanomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020071"}
{"pmid": "1020079", "title": "Indirect fundus camera.", "content": "Indirect fundus camera.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020079"}
{"pmid": "1020069", "title": "The pathogenesis and treatment of persistent epithelial defects.", "content": "The pathogenesis and treatment of persistent epithelial defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020069"}
{"pmid": "1020077", "title": "Double simultaneous aspirating-irrigating syringes.", "content": "Double simultaneous aspirating-irrigating syringes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020077"}
{"pmid": "1020078", "title": "Indirect ophthalmoscopy lens holder.", "content": "Indirect ophthalmoscopy lens holder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020078"}
{"pmid": "1020076", "title": "Sphincterotomy scissors.", "content": "Sphincterotomy scissors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020076"}
{"pmid": "1020080", "title": "A lens implant holder.", "content": "A lens implant holder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020080"}
{"pmid": "1020081", "title": "A micro iris retractor.", "content": "A micro iris retractor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020081"}
{"pmid": "1020084", "title": "Lacrimal duct probing light.", "content": "Lacrimal duct probing light.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020084"}
{"pmid": "1020082", "title": "Infusion-aspiration control.", "content": "Infusion-aspiration control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020082"}
{"pmid": "1020083", "title": "Lid eversion clamp.", "content": "Lid eversion clamp.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020083"}
{"pmid": "1020093", "title": "The double-ring support: an instrument to insure safety with scleral buckling after cataract extraction.", "content": "The double-ring support: an instrument to insure safety with scleral buckling after cataract extraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020093"}
{"pmid": "1020086", "title": "The Girard-Storz assistant's microscope: a new accessory for the Zeiss operating microscope system.", "content": "The Girard-Storz assistant's microscope: a new accessory for the Zeiss operating microscope system. A bracket has been designed for the Zeiss 1 and Zeiss 6 operating microscopes, enabling the mounting of two accessory microscopes for the surgeon's assistants. These accessory microscopes operate independently of the primary microscope and in many cases may be preferable to beam-splitter systems which drastically reduce illumination to the primary microscope and preclude the use of photographic accessories.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020086"}
{"pmid": "1020094", "title": "Retinal cryoring: a new instrument for retinal surgery.", "content": "Retinal cryoring: a new instrument for retinal surgery. The retinal cryoring, a doughnut-shaped cryoprobe, has been developed to allow continuous cryocoagulation around retinal holes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020094"}
{"pmid": "1020087", "title": "A new phacoliquification cryoprobe.", "content": "A new phacoliquification cryoprobe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020087"}
{"pmid": "1020088", "title": "An improved method of viewing topical fluorescein.", "content": "An improved method of viewing topical fluorescein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020088"}
{"pmid": "1020089", "title": "A new binocular scotometer.", "content": "A new binocular scotometer. A new method of binocular scotometry is described based on an intriguing binocular phenomenon and using a new binocular scotometer and a retinoscope with its head reversed. Shortcomings in previous attempts have been corrected by objectively aligning a \"blind\" eye with the center of a translucent opalescent screen. This was made possible by having the patient rotate the retinoscope to induce conjugate eye movements in cases of manifest eye deviation. The examiner could then observe the \"blind\" eye directly through a central opening in the screen, by reinforced assistance through dependence on the corneal light reflex and, if necessary, by circumferential plotting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020089"}
{"pmid": "1020085", "title": "Variable fixation lid clamp (Bethesda-Gavaris clamp).", "content": "Variable fixation lid clamp (Bethesda-Gavaris clamp).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020085"}
{"pmid": "1020090", "title": "A new machine for irrigation-aspiration.", "content": "A new machine for irrigation-aspiration. This new irrigation-aspiration system (Fig 9) demonstrates application of basic physical principles to a particular medical problem, maintaining the integrity of the anterior chamber during aspiration of cataractous material. This system is readily incorporated into the standard procedure of irrigation-aspiration of soft cataractous material at relatively low cost. The surgical procedure and the operation of this system with irrigation-aspiration and \"prevent-collapse\" components are under direct control of the physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020090"}
{"pmid": "1020091", "title": "Closed-circuit television magnification of fluorescein angiography.", "content": "Closed-circuit television magnification of fluorescein angiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020091"}
{"pmid": "1020092", "title": "Fiberoptic conjunctivorhinostomy probe.", "content": "Fiberoptic conjunctivorhinostomy probe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020092"}
{"pmid": "1020097", "title": "Reduction of nasal orbital fractures and simultaneous dacryocystorhinostomy.", "content": "Reduction of nasal orbital fractures and simultaneous dacryocystorhinostomy. A technique for restoration of structure and function in naso-orbital fractures has been described. Three case reports demonstrate a few of the final results. The case reports also indicate that many of these fractures require late definitive surgery in spite of optimal surgical treatment immediately subsequent to injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020097"}
{"pmid": "1020099", "title": "Metastatic adenocarcinoma to the larynx: report of a case.", "content": "Metastatic adenocarcinoma to the larynx: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020099"}
{"pmid": "1020102", "title": "Hemangiopericytoma of the nasopharynx.", "content": "Hemangiopericytoma of the nasopharynx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020102"}
{"pmid": "1020096", "title": "Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. American Registry of Pathology.", "content": "Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. American Registry of Pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020096"}
{"pmid": "1020095", "title": "Treatment of post-cataract bacterial endophthalmitis with periocular and systemic antibiotics and corticosteroids.", "content": "Treatment of post-cataract bacterial endophthalmitis with periocular and systemic antibiotics and corticosteroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020095"}
{"pmid": "1020100", "title": "Cemento-osteoid tumor of the maxillary sinus.", "content": "Cemento-osteoid tumor of the maxillary sinus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020100"}
{"pmid": "1020098", "title": "Traumatic vertebral artery aneurysm.", "content": "Traumatic vertebral artery aneurysm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020098"}
{"pmid": "1020101", "title": "Meibomian gland carcinoma of the ocular adnexa.", "content": "Meibomian gland carcinoma of the ocular adnexa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020101"}
{"pmid": "1020113", "title": "Cytopathological effects of detergents on Paramecium caudatum.", "content": "Cytopathological effects of detergents on Paramecium caudatum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020113"}
{"pmid": "1020116", "title": "Role of vitamin E in regulating malaria expression.", "content": "Role of vitamin E in regulating malaria expression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020116"}
{"pmid": "1020115", "title": "Natural preservation of corpses of Paramecium aurelia in cultures of a suctorian.", "content": "Natural preservation of corpses of Paramecium aurelia in cultures of a suctorian.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020115"}
{"pmid": "1020103", "title": "Liposarcoma of the larynx.", "content": "Liposarcoma of the larynx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020103"}
{"pmid": "1020117", "title": "Striate muscle dysfunction in iron deficiency.", "content": "Striate muscle dysfunction in iron deficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020117"}
{"pmid": "1020105", "title": "Malignant ameloblastoma of the maxilla.", "content": "Malignant ameloblastoma of the maxilla. This case illustrates a rare occurrence of an ameloblastoma arising in the maxilla and metastasizing to the neck and lungs within a three-year period following the initial resection. A discussion of the pathology is presented and the necessity for aggressive initial therapy with close follow-up is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020105"}
{"pmid": "1020118", "title": "The effect of synthetic androgens in hereditary angioneurotic edema: alteration of C1 inhibitor and C4 levels.", "content": "The effect of synthetic androgens in hereditary angioneurotic edema: alteration of C1 inhibitor and C4 levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020118"}
{"pmid": "1020104", "title": "Carcinoma in thyroglossal duct cysts--a review.", "content": "Carcinoma in thyroglossal duct cysts--a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020104"}
{"pmid": "1020119", "title": "Plasma 5alpha androstanediol: an androgen marker of hirsuitism in women.", "content": "Plasma 5alpha androstanediol: an androgen marker of hirsuitism in women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020119"}
{"pmid": "1020110", "title": "The risks and limitations of the course as providing competent training.", "content": "The risks and limitations of the course as providing competent training.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020110"}
{"pmid": "1020121", "title": "Evidence for reflex coronary artery spasm in patients with ischemic heart disease.", "content": "Evidence for reflex coronary artery spasm in patients with ischemic heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020121"}
{"pmid": "1020120", "title": "Introduction of missing enzymes into the cytoplasm of cultured mammalian cells by means of fusion-prone liposomes.", "content": "Introduction of missing enzymes into the cytoplasm of cultured mammalian cells by means of fusion-prone liposomes. It is therefore possible to introduce enzyme-laden liposomes into two sites within the cytoplasm of cells previously lacking such enzymes. The first site is gained after enzyme-laden liposomes are phagocytosed into the lysosomal apparatus. Liposomes coated with immunoglobulins engender their own uptake by inducing the Fc receptor of phagocytic cells to launch ingestion of the vector as if it were an opsonized bacteria or virus against which the host had mounted an immune response. As for the second site, described here, involving enzyme deficiencies of the free cytosol, these may be corrected when liposomes have lysolecithin incorporated as a fusogen. The fusogen induces merger of the liposomal membrane with that of the plasma membrane presumably by virtue of the capacity of lysolecithin to engender mixed, fusion-prone micelles. Introjection of enzymes or other sequestered molecules is accomplished without access of these to external solutes, such as calcium. Consequently, uptake of enzyme cannot be due to trivial factors such as pinocytosis induced by lysolecithin or to phagocytosis per se. These two new techniques of cellular engineering now render it possible to introduce either into phagocytic or into non-phagocytic cells, enzymes or macromolecules in which these cells are genetically deficient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020120"}
{"pmid": "1020122", "title": "A new look at the metabolism of the arterial wall.", "content": "A new look at the metabolism of the arterial wall.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020122"}
{"pmid": "1020106", "title": "Cholesteatoma of the frontal sinus.", "content": "Cholesteatoma of the frontal sinus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020106"}
{"pmid": "1020107", "title": "The value of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of fibrosarcoma of the larynx.", "content": "The value of electron microscopy in the diagnosis of fibrosarcoma of the larynx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020107"}
{"pmid": "1020123", "title": "A reticulo-epithelial system: cutaneous trap for antigens.", "content": "A reticulo-epithelial system: cutaneous trap for antigens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020123"}
{"pmid": "1020124", "title": "Reduced renal papillary plasma flow in Dahl and Kyoto spontaneous hypertensions.", "content": "Reduced renal papillary plasma flow in Dahl and Kyoto spontaneous hypertensions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020124"}
{"pmid": "1020111", "title": "The need for a postgraduate review committee for these courses.", "content": "The need for a postgraduate review committee for these courses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020111"}
{"pmid": "1020108", "title": "The case for elective prophylactic neck dissection.", "content": "The case for elective prophylactic neck dissection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020108"}
{"pmid": "1020109", "title": "Achieving the educational objectives of a short postgraduate course.", "content": "Achieving the educational objectives of a short postgraduate course.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020109"}
{"pmid": "1020125", "title": "The Association of American Physicians: its first seventy-five years.", "content": "The Association of American Physicians: its first seventy-five years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020125"}
{"pmid": "1020126", "title": "Horatius Cocles at the bridge of publication.", "content": "Horatius Cocles at the bridge of publication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020126"}
{"pmid": "1020127", "title": "The distinguished lecture: Pyrrolic victories.", "content": "The distinguished lecture: Pyrrolic victories.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020127"}
{"pmid": "1020128", "title": "Management of prostatic fistulas.", "content": "Management of prostatic fistulas. Prostatic fistulas communicating with the rectum or perineal skin are unusual complications of a prostatic operation, pelvic trauma, prostatic abscess or other iatrogenic injury. A third of these fistulas may close spontaneously with proper urinary drainage and avoidance of fecal soilage. The many operative procedures described for the repair of these fistulas indicate that no ideal method of repair can be applied to every case. Operative management should be mandated by the size, location and duration of the fistula as well as by the surgeon's experience with the various anatomic approaches.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020128"}
{"pmid": "1020112", "title": "The role that these courses may have in the future regarding credit hours toward recertification.", "content": "The role that these courses may have in the future regarding credit hours toward recertification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020112"}
{"pmid": "1020308", "title": "Food and nutrition policies in a changing environment.", "content": "Food and nutrition policies in a changing environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020308"}
{"pmid": "1020311", "title": "On taking vows in two priesthoods, scientific and christian.", "content": "On taking vows in two priesthoods, scientific and christian.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020311"}
{"pmid": "1020310", "title": "The ethical responsibility of the physicians: a judeo-christian perspective.", "content": "The ethical responsibility of the physicians: a judeo-christian perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020310"}
{"pmid": "1020309", "title": "An evaluation of \"informed consent\" with volunteer prisoner subjects.", "content": "An evaluation of \"informed consent\" with volunteer prisoner subjects. \"Informed consent\" sets a goal for investigators experimenting with human subjects, but little is known about how to achieve or evaluate it in an experiment. In a 3-year, double-blind study with incarcerated men, we attempted to provide a \"free and informed consent\" and evaluated our efforts with an unannounced questionnaire administered to subjects after they completed the experiment. At that time, approximately two-thirds had sufficient information for an informed consent, but only one-third was well informed about all key aspects of the experiment and one-third was insufficiently informed to give an informed consent. We found that institution- or study-based coercion was minimal in our experiment. From our evaluation of the questionnaire and experience at the study institution, we conclude that an experiment with human subjects should be designed to include an ongoing evaluation of informed consent, and active attempts should be made to avoid or minimize coercive inducements. Experiments with significant risk, which require a long duration and/or large sample size relative to the institution's population, should probably not be performed on prisoner subjects. The experimenter should be independent of the penal institution's power structure. Presenting and explaining a consent form to volunteers on one occasion is probably an in adequate procedure for obtaining and maintaining an informed consent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020309"}
{"pmid": "1020312", "title": "Coronary artery disease with single coronary artery.", "content": "Coronary artery disease with single coronary artery. The authors have reviewed the literature in search of the coexistence of single coronary artery with significant coronary artery disease. Two cases of single right coronary artery are described. In both, the anomalies were unsuspected and diagnosed roentgenographically in life. Both patients had angina pectoris, positive graded-exercise stress tests, and hemodynamically significant obstruction or occlusion to the coronary arteries. In neither case was the stenosis proximal or amenable to bypass surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020312"}
{"pmid": "1020368", "title": "Intestinal absorption of iron alone and in combination with authentic or natural vitamin C and carotene.", "content": "Intestinal absorption of iron alone and in combination with authentic or natural vitamin C and carotene. The effect of vitamin C and carotene derived from authentic or natural sources on intestinal iron absorption was studied. Vitamin C caused slight enhancement to iron absorption, while carotene hindered it. The three juices tested, namely orange, parsley and pepper, which were found to be rich in these two vitamins, hindered intestinal iron absorption to different extents. It was recommended that patients suffering from iron deficiency are not supplied with nutrients rich in carotene particulary during iron therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020368"}
{"pmid": "1020369", "title": "The use of Lupinus termis L. cultivated in Egypt, as a food protein supplement.", "content": "The use of Lupinus termis L. cultivated in Egypt, as a food protein supplement. 1. General analysis of the seeds for protein, fats, carbohydrates, fiber and ash contents were carried out and the results were given in g/100 g dry seeds. Lupinus termis contained a higher percentage of protein (40.36), 290 mg calcium and 6.5 mg iron. 2. All the essential amino acids are present in fair amounts with the exception of sulphur-amino acids and Lysine. 3. Cooking the seeds resulted in a slight decrease of most of the amino acids with the exception of Tryptophan and Lysine, which exhibited a slight increase after cooking. 4. Of the toxic substances present in the seeds is Trypsin inhibitor, which was destroyed by heat treatment, and alkaloids, which were removed by soaking the seeds three days in running tap water. 5. Supplementing the debittered seeds with Lysine and Methionine resulted in an increase in its nutritive value.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020369"}
{"pmid": "1020371", "title": "Comparison of xylitol and glucose metabolism in nonhepatic rat tissues.", "content": "Comparison of xylitol and glucose metabolism in nonhepatic rat tissues. Capability and extent of xylitol metabolism in vitro was studied in a variety of non-hepatic tissues of rats, using enzymatic and isotopic methods. Only kidney was found to be able to utilize xylitol at a significant rate while in all other organs tested - lung, brain, heart muscle, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue - no uptake of xylitol was detectable using two independent methods. In accordance with these results the incorporation of radioactivity from [U-14C]-xylitol as substrate into the products CO2 and lactate was found to be very small in all organs with the exception of kidney and when compared to that from [U-14C]-glucose it was less than 5%. From these results it is concluded that besides liver only kidney can utilize xylitol to a significant extent while for the other tissues studied xylitol is not a suitable substrate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020371"}
{"pmid": "1020374", "title": "Effect of vitamin C and carotene on the absorption of calcium from the intestine.", "content": "Effect of vitamin C and carotene on the absorption of calcium from the intestine. The effect of vitamin C or carotene either in the authentic form or naturally occurring as in orange, parsley and pepper juices on calcium absorption was studied. Results obtained revealed that ascorbic acid, orange and pepper juices enhanced intestinal calcium absorption. Carotene and parsley proved to be without effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020374"}
{"pmid": "1020373", "title": "Nutritive studies on some raw and prepared leguminous seeds commonly used in the Arab Republic of Syria.", "content": "Nutritive studies on some raw and prepared leguminous seeds commonly used in the Arab Republic of Syria. 1. The proximate analysis of raw Syrian lentils (Lens esculentus), variety red chick pea (Cicer arietinum) variety balady, has been made. The protein content of the two raw seeds were 23 and 22 g% for lentils and chick peas, respectively. Ethereal extract, fiber, ash, calcium, phosphorus and iron content of the two raw seeds have been also assayed. 2. The levels of most of the amino acids were also estimated in the raw and cooked seeds. It was found that tryptophan- and sulphur-containing amino acids were the most limiting ones. Cooking the seeds by the same methods commonly used in Syria resulted in the loss of most of the amino acids, with the exception of lysine and tryptophan which were slightly increased. 3. Trypsin inhibitors and saponins were detected in the raw seeds. Haemagglutinins were present in raw lentils only. Cooking the seeds destroyed the trypsin inhibitors and haemagglutinins and did not affect the saponins. 4. The net protein utilization of whole lentils and chick peas were 38 and 53, respectively. Decortication of lentils or cooking without decortication has no effect on the NPU values. Cooking the decorticated lentil seeds raised its NPU values from 38 to 56. Cooking chick peas resulted in a slight increase in their NPU. Supplementation of the raw and treated seeds with methionine and tryptophan raised its NPU values markedly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020373"}
{"pmid": "1020397", "title": "[Case report on the problem of individual glycoside requirements].", "content": "[Case report on the problem of individual glycoside requirements]. A report is given on a patient with ischaemic heart disease, whose recompensation in tachyarrhythmia absoluta was for some times possible only by means of unusually high doses of digitoxin (fully effective dose to 5.72 mg, maintenance dose to 0.4 mg). The patient survived a severe decompensation with pulmonary oedema, which appeared under \"normal\" applications of glycosides, 2 1/2 years under this therapy. Thus it must again be referred to an individual glycoside treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020397"}
{"pmid": "1020416", "title": "An opaque material apposed to the periphery of the subplasmalemmal Cisterns of cochlear outer hair cells.", "content": "An opaque material apposed to the periphery of the subplasmalemmal Cisterns of cochlear outer hair cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020416"}
{"pmid": "1020418", "title": "Neurohypophysial-adrenal gland responses to water-deprivation in the rose-ringed parakeet.", "content": "Neurohypophysial-adrenal gland responses to water-deprivation in the rose-ringed parakeet. The aim of the present investigation is to study the relative influence of neuohypophysis, adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla under dehydration stress in the parakeet. Birds subjected to dehydration for 7 days lost body weight. Neurosecretory material (NSM) was partially depleted from the neurohypophysis. Adrenal gland weight was increased followed by a hypertrophy of the cortical tissue. A fall in adrenal cholesterol and ascorbic acid level was marked. Adrenaline and noradrenaline contents of the adrenal medulla were suppressed as was evident from cytochemical and biochemical findings. It is suggested that neurohypophysis, adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla are involved in maintaining water homeostasis in this avian species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020418"}
{"pmid": "1020417", "title": "Seasonal variations in the histology of the pituitary gland of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) an Indian freshwater major carp, in relation to gonadal activity.", "content": "Seasonal variations in the histology of the pituitary gland of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) an Indian freshwater major carp, in relation to gonadal activity. 1. Seasonal variations in the histology of the pituitary gland of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.), an Indian freshwater major carp, in relation to gonadal activity has been studied during a one year period commencing, January, 1971. 2. The proximal pars distalis undergoes a great deal of seasonal variation in size, weight and nature of pituicytes. 3. The percentage composition of acidophils and cyanophils in the proximal pars distalis show a reciprocal relationship during the year. The acidophils predominate during the restitution phase of the gonads while the cyanophils preponderate among the different cell types during the breeding season. 4. The chromophobes do not show any significant fluctuation in numerical abundance in relation to gonadal activity. 5. Cyanophils of the proximal pars distalis undergo changes with change in gonadal activity Concentration of glycoproteinaceous material is extremely low during the restitution phase but high during the maturation phase. The cyanophils also undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia during the spawning period. The latter discharge their contents and become vacuolated during the post spawning period. 6. The number and size of the globules in the cyanophils are related to gonadal activity. 7. Acidophils present in the rostral pars distalis and pars intermedia do not appear to be related to gonadal activity in C. mrigala. 8. The average weight of the gland is directly related to the state of maturation of the gonads, an observation being recorded here for the first time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020417"}
{"pmid": "1020419", "title": "Observations on the ultrastructure of secretory cells of bulbourethral glands under the influence of estrogen-releasing preparations.", "content": "Observations on the ultrastructure of secretory cells of bulbourethral glands under the influence of estrogen-releasing preparations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020419"}
{"pmid": "1020420", "title": "The escape of bile from the intrhepatic biliary tree in acute bile stasis.", "content": "The escape of bile from the intrhepatic biliary tree in acute bile stasis. The escape of fluorescent dyes from the bile passages during bile stasis and after a retrograde infusion into the common bile duct was examined in rats and mice. After an intravenous dye injection in bile stasis a strong fluorescence is seen in the periportal spaces. During retrograde dye infusion great amounts of dye accumulate in the periportal spaces but, in consequence of focal disruption of liver cell membranes, escapes also into the spaces of Disse, to be consequently transported by the sinusoidal blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020420"}
{"pmid": "1020422", "title": "Correlative cytological and histochemical studies on the avian oogenesis.", "content": "Correlative cytological and histochemical studies on the avian oogenesis. A correlative cytological and histochemical study has been made of oogenesis in birds (pigeon, Columbia livia; brown dove, Streptopelia senegalensis; ring dove, S. dacaocto; domestic fowl. Gallus domesticus; and quail, Coturnix coturnix). BALBIANI'S vitelline body consisting of large yolk nucleus, mitochondria, GOLGI bodies and lipid bodies of variable composition is gradually developed in the juxtanuclear cytoplasm of their young oocytes. Histochemical tests indicate that the yolk nucleus consists mainly of RNA, protein and lipoprotein. Mitochondria occur in the form of granules, rods and filaments having a phospholipid-protein composition. The lipid bodies are in the form of granules (composed of phospholipid and triglycerides) and spheres (made up of triglycerides and cholesterol and/or its esters). The organelles consisting of lipoprotein are preserved after classical techniques of cytology whereas the lipid bodies are mostly dissolved. With the growth of oocyte during previtello-genesis the various cell components of BALBIANI'S vitelline body are dispersed in the outer ooplasm where they further multiply and finally most of them are placed in the cortical layer. At the same time, many chromophilic and argentophilic elements of lipoprotein nature are formed in the follicular epithelium, adjacent to plasma membrane of oocyte and in the peripheral ooplasm during previtellogenesis, which gradually accumulate in the central ooplasm where the yolk vesicles first appear. Most of the lipid droplets consisting of triglycerides and cholesterol and/or its esters are depleted from the large previtellogenic oocytes. The possible significance of various ooplasmic structures, which accumulate during previtellogenesis, has been discussed. Corresponding to the development, multiplication and accumulation of various ooplasmic components during previtellogenesis the chromosomes develop the configuration of lampbrush and are the active sites for the synthesis of RNA and protein, which simultaneously accumulate in the ooplasm. The cytological and histochemical characteristics of follicle cells indicate that they are active in the secretion of lipids, glycogen, proteins and RNA which are apparently transported into the growing oocyte. The association of several lipid bodies with some phagocytotic vacuoles adjacent to the plasma membrane of growing previtellogenic oocyte has supported this suggestion. Several follicle cells as such degenerate during previtellogenesis and their products in the form of DNA, RNA, protein and lipoprotein also seem to be absorbed directly or indirectly by the growing oocyte. During early vitellogenesis, the yolk vesicles are formed in the central ooplasm by the activity of ooplasmic structures especially the chromophilic and argentophilic elements. They are ultimately transformed into yolk bodies of variable morphology and chemical composition, which are arrayed in alternating concentric spheres (yellow and white) and consist of proteinlipoprotein, triglycerides, carbohydrates, RNA etc...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020422"}
{"pmid": "1020433", "title": "Surgical treatment of vascular lesions of the spinal cord.", "content": "Surgical treatment of vascular lesions of the spinal cord. Paravertebral block and resection of upper thoracic sympathetic ganglions were performed on cases in which vascular disturbance of the spinal cord was considered partly responsible. Block was performed in 14 cases and clinical improvement was seen in 10 cases out of them while resection was considered effective in 2 out of 3 cases. The evoked EMG of patients was assumed recovery of a part of synaptic function in the ischemic cord after the block. On the other hand, the skin temperature of the lower extremity did not show considerable change and this supports the view that the restoration of clinical picture was not due to the improvement of the periphral circulation of extremities. From these observations, it would be well presumed that favorable effect of sympathectomy consists partly in the improvement of vascular disturbance of the spinal cord.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020433"}
{"pmid": "1020435", "title": "Production of experimental atrial septal defects.", "content": "Production of experimental atrial septal defects. Atrial septal defects (ASDs) were successfully created by punch biopsy technique in 67 dogs. The technique is simple, effective and provides an ideal model for the study of ASDs, either for testing closure devices or physiological experiments. The position and size of the defects may be varied according to preference. Of 45 animals subjected to cardiac catheterization, 39 (87 percent) has a patent atrial septal defect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020435"}
{"pmid": "1020434", "title": "Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.", "content": "Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020434"}
{"pmid": "1020478", "title": "Total red and white blood cell count of 33 species of fresh water teleosts.", "content": "Total red and white blood cell count of 33 species of fresh water teleosts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020478"}
{"pmid": "1020482", "title": "Crude fibre as an index for predicting the digestibility of protein in expeller processed oilseed cakes for poultry.", "content": "Crude fibre as an index for predicting the digestibility of protein in expeller processed oilseed cakes for poultry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020482"}
{"pmid": "1020480", "title": "Cesium metabolism in sheep and the influence of orally ingested bentonite on cesium absorption and metabolism.", "content": "Cesium metabolism in sheep and the influence of orally ingested bentonite on cesium absorption and metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020480"}
{"pmid": "1020534", "title": "Clearance of benzo(a)pyrene from the respiratory tract of hamsters following its intratracheal instillation with or without ferric oxide.", "content": "Clearance of benzo(a)pyrene from the respiratory tract of hamsters following its intratracheal instillation with or without ferric oxide. A comparative study was carried out on the clearance of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) from the respiratory tract of Syrian golden hamsters following intratracheal instillation of either BP alone or BP attached to ferric oxide particles. Eight series of 18 hamsters each, received a single intratracheal instillation of 0.5 or 1.0 mg BP suspended in 0.9% NaCl solution. In addition, three comparable series of hamsters received in the same way a mixture, of 1.0 mg BP + 1.0 mg ferric oxide suspended in 0.9% NaCl solution. In each of the series the BP content of the respiratory tract was determined at six different points of time viz. immediately after administration of BP or BP + ferric oxide, and three, six and 24 hours, and three and seven days after an instillation. The clearance of BP from the respiratory tract did not appear to be significantly influenced by the presence of ferric oxide. It was concluded that the present study produced no evidence of ferric oxide particles being capable of enhancing the retention of BP in the respiratory tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020534"}
{"pmid": "1020535", "title": "Repeated exposure to cyclopentenone vapour: long-term study in Syrian golden hamsters.", "content": "Repeated exposure to cyclopentenone vapour: long-term study in Syrian golden hamsters. Effects of cyclopentenone inhalation were examined in a 78-week study with 420 hamsters evenly distributed over two inhalation chambers, one for exposure to air and the other for exposure to the test substance. Cyclopentenone was dosed at a level of 18 ppm (seven hr/day, five days/week) during the first 52 weeks, and at a level of 27 ppm during the last 26 weeks of the study. During the first 52 weeks, part of the animals in both chambers fortnightly received an intratracheal instillation  of benzo(a)pyrene (BP) or diethylnitrosamine (DENA) in saline or saline alone. Exposure to cyclopentenone caused slight growth depression in both sexes, and slightly increased relative liver weights and enhanced development of renal amyloidosis in females only. There was no evidence of cyclopentenonne possessing carcinogenic activity or being a co-factor in respiratory tract carcinogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020535"}
{"pmid": "1020542", "title": "A standardized model of microembolization in the cat brain.", "content": "A standardized model of microembolization in the cat brain. A standardized method is described for the experimental reproduction of micro-embolism in the cat brain with obstruction of the cortical capillaries and following \"remote\" effects in the white matter. The model is useful for reproducing the phenomena observed in human fat embolism. Further results will be published in a future paper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020542"}
{"pmid": "1020565", "title": "The mechanism of insulin secretion after oral glucose administration. VII. Exocrine pancreatic function and plasma-IRI in dogs with chronic pancreatic fistulas.", "content": "The mechanism of insulin secretion after oral glucose administration. VII. Exocrine pancreatic function and plasma-IRI in dogs with chronic pancreatic fistulas. During an intravenous glucose test, conscious dogs with exocrine pancreatic fistulas showed a reduction in the secretions of water, protein and of bicarbonate. This reduction is related to hyperglycemia and to IRI increase in the peripheral venous blood. After oral administration of glucose, however, a biphasic stimulation of the exocrine function was observed. During the first 15 minutes when insulin secretion increases independently of the blood glucose increase, all exocrine pancreatic functions are transiently stimulated, too. A second peak of the exocrine secretions is to be observed when glucose absorption and insulin secretion exhibit their maximum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020565"}
{"pmid": "1020574", "title": "Pacemaker treatment of patients over 80 years of age.", "content": "Pacemaker treatment of patients over 80 years of age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020574"}
{"pmid": "1020573", "title": "Blood group H like activity in crude preparations of bovine lung galactan.", "content": "Blood group H like activity in crude preparations of bovine lung galactan. In crude preparations of bovine lung galactan blood group H-like activity, which does not occur on bovine red cells, has been detected with  heterophile anti-H-like reagents from different origin. These H-like receptors, associated with pneumococcus type XIV cross-reactivity, belong to a glycoprotein fraction and not to the galactan itself.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020573"}
{"pmid": "1020577", "title": "Effect of truncal vagotomy on the bacterial flora in the duodenal juice on dogs.", "content": "Effect of truncal vagotomy on the bacterial flora in the duodenal juice on dogs. The qualitative and quantitative changes in the bacterial flora of the duodenal juice after truncal vagotomy have been studied in self-control experiments in dogs. The intervention was followed by a rise in the bacterial count without a change in qualitative composition. It is suggested that the accumulation of microorganisms might contribute to the development of postoperative diarrhoea. The role of several partly clarified pathophysiological processes are pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020577"}
{"pmid": "1020582", "title": "Role of calcitonin in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome combined with hyperparathyroidism. Report of one case.", "content": "Role of calcitonin in the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome combined with hyperparathyroidism. Report of one case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020582"}
{"pmid": "1020587", "title": "Concentration of thyroxine, tri-iodothyronine and thyroglobulin in the thyroid lymph.", "content": "Concentration of thyroxine, tri-iodothyronine and thyroglobulin in the thyroid lymph. Human thyroid lymphatic fluid was collected from 8 patients operated upon for thyroid tumours. All tumours were of small size and localized to one lobe. The lymph was collected from the side opposite the tumour. The levels of thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine in the lymph were determined by a radioimmunoassay technique in 7 of the patients. The thyroglobulin content of thyroidal lymph from one patient was analysed. The results demonstrate higher levels of thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine in the human thyroid lymphatic fluid as compared with those seen in peripheral or thyroid venous blood. Evidence for the presence of thyroglobulin in the human thyroid lymphatic fluid was obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020587"}
{"pmid": "1020588", "title": "Indications for surgery in the elderly patient with primary hyperparathyroidism.", "content": "Indications for surgery in the elderly patient with primary hyperparathyroidism. The major symptoms presented by the elderly patient with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) were studied in 30 patients, all of whom were over 70 years of age (70-89). Neuromuscular symptoms, fatigue or mental symptoms were the main complaint in 14 patients. Nephrolithiasis, pancreatitis, skeletal changes or thyroid diseases were associated with HPT in 13 patients. Three patients were considered to be asymptomatic. Seven out of the eight patients with neuromuscular symptoms, and two of the three patients with extreme fatigue as the dominant symptom, improved postoperatively. This study indicates that for elderly patients with HPT especially when associated with neuromuscular symptoms or fatigue, surgical therapy is the treatment of choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020588"}
{"pmid": "1020589", "title": "Bilateral fibromuscular hyperplasia in the internal carotid arteries with aneurysm formation.", "content": "Bilateral fibromuscular hyperplasia in the internal carotid arteries with aneurysm formation. A patient with bilateral fibromuscular hyperplasia in the carotid arteries with development of aneurysms is reported. The patient had no symptoms except for a palpable mass on one side and a bruit on both sides. Surgery was carried out bilaterally, using direct end-to-end suture on one side and a reconstruction with an autologous vein on the other side. It is suggested that fibromuscular hyperplasia may be the cause of some of the internal carotid artery aneurysms reported as congenital or with uncertain etiology. Reconstructive surgery of the carotid artery is recommended due to the obvious hazards of the condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020589"}
{"pmid": "1020590", "title": "The phlebographic pattern of acute leg thrombosis within a defined urban population.", "content": "The phlebographic pattern of acute leg thrombosis within a defined urban population. The incidence of thrombosis during one year in a defined population of 263 144 city inhabitants has been studied with a new method based upon acute phlebography of all patients with the slightest symptoms of the disease. The roentgenographic pattern of the acute thrombosis has been studied and the size of the individual thrombus has been compared with the duration of the symptoms. The incidence of thrombosis was found to be 0.9 per mille per year. No correlation was found between the size of the thrombus and the duration of the symptoms. The thrombus had its origin in the calf veins in 89% of the patients and its origin in a vein at a higher level in 10% of the patients. In patients with a thrombus confined to the calf veins the contrast medium always entered the deep crural veins. When the calf vein thrombosis had an extension to the popliteal vein or still higher up the contrast medium bypassed the deep crural veins in more than 75% of the patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020590"}
{"pmid": "1020591", "title": "Liver blood flow measurement the interpretation of xenon133 clearance curves.", "content": "Liver blood flow measurement the interpretation of xenon133 clearance curves. Liver tissue perfusion can be measured by analysis of the clearance of the radioactive inert gases Xenon133 and Krypton85 from the liver. The technique commonly gives rise to multiexponential clearance curves which have previously been quoted as evidence of complex intrahepatic blood flow patterns. The clearance of 133Xe from the canine liver was studied in 17 dogs and by screening out extrahepatic radioactivity it was found that the true intrahepatic clearance is monoexponential. The slower components seen in the multiexponential curve recorded without screening represent 133Xe in tissue other than the liver and much of this activity was shown to originate from 133Xe which accumulates in the stomach and intestines. These findings simplify the interpretation of inert gas clearance curves in the measurement of liver blood flow and therefore encourage further application of the technique in both experimental and clinical situations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020591"}
{"pmid": "1020593", "title": "170 patients five years after selective gastric vagotomy--with an uncontrolled comparison of ulcer recurrence following either Heineke--Mikulicz or Finney pyloroplasty.", "content": "170 patients five years after selective gastric vagotomy--with an uncontrolled comparison of ulcer recurrence following either Heineke--Mikulicz or Finney pyloroplasty. The study concerns 170 patients treated for duodenal ulcer by selective gastric vagotomy and either HM- or FP. A 5-year follow-up showed a 4% recurrence rate. Insulintest 2-3 months after surgery was Hollander negative in 78%, late positive in 17% and early positive in 5%. 72% of the tests were unchanged after 5 years. 25% had moderate severe dumping. In the HM-group of 84 patients, 6 patients displayed ulcer recurrence. In the F-group of 86 patients, one displayed recurrence. All patients with recurrence (and one without) in the HM-group had operatively demonstrated pyloroplasty stenosis. None of the patients in the F-group had clinical symptoms of gastric stasis. The only variable in the treatment of the patients was the pyloroplasty method, and it thus seems reasonable to implicate the pyloroplasty method in the incidence of recurrence. The difference in recurrence between the two groups was not, however, statistically significant, and the value of a prospective randomized study of patients treated by selective gastric vagotomy and different pyloroplasty forms is pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020593"}
{"pmid": "1020592", "title": "Enzyme histochemistry studies of transverse and longitudinal incisions in the common bile duct in rabbits.", "content": "Enzyme histochemistry studies of transverse and longitudinal incisions in the common bile duct in rabbits. The healing process of longitudinal and transverse incisions of the common bile duct in rabbits was studied by identification of 10 different enzymes in the duct wall at various times after the operation. Bile was deviated during the healing. An almost complete disappearance of the subepithelial alkaline phosphatase activity was noted early after longitudinal incisions in contrast to unchanged alkaline phosphatase activity after transverse incisions. Transversely incised ducts almost uniformly developed stricutre formation. The size of the lumen after longitudinal incisions was generally normal. The difference in enzyme pattern following the two types of lesion might reflect a different response of the tissues to the two different types of trauma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020592"}
{"pmid": "1020594", "title": "A comparison of small intestinal transit time between the rat and the guinea-pig.", "content": "A comparison of small intestinal transit time between the rat and the guinea-pig. The small intestinal transit was compared in rats and guinea-pigs. A radioactive test substance (polyvinylpyrrolidone labelled with I125) was given directly into the duodenum and the distribution of the isotope in the small bowel was recorded. The small intestine was removed 10 and 20 min after the injection and deep frozen. The frozen intestine was later cut in 20 segments of equal length and the amount of isotope within each of the intestinal segments was recorded by means of a gamma counter. For each animal a propulsion diagram was constructed showing the relative percentage of isotope distributed in the 20 bowel segments. After 20 min the isotope peak was found in the ileo-caecal region in the guinea-pigs whereas 50% of the isotope had passed only half of the small intestine in the rats during the same period of time. The length of the intestine in rats passed by 75%, 50% and 25% of the isotope after 20 min was the same as that found in guinea-pigs 10 min after the injection of the isotope into the duodenum. Thus, there seems to be a marked difference in propulsive activity between rats and guinea-pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020594"}
{"pmid": "1020595", "title": "Aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenal artery. A case report.", "content": "Aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenal artery. A case report. A case of an aneurysm of the pancreaticoduodenal artery is reported, together with a short review of the literature relating to this condition  Because of its rarity the diagnosis is often overlooked even when typical changes are found on X-ray. The possible relationship between obstructive jaundice and aneurysms in the vicinity of the galltree is discussed. Surgical treatment is recommended by most authors once the diagnosis of an intra-abdominal aneurysm has been made, mainly because of the risk of rupture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020595"}
{"pmid": "1020596", "title": "Prolonged recovery after extended right hepatic lobectomy in a patient with severe blunt liver injury and laceration of the vena cava. A report of case with special references to autotransfusion and complications of biliary decompression.", "content": "Prolonged recovery after extended right hepatic lobectomy in a patient with severe blunt liver injury and laceration of the vena cava. A report of case with special references to autotransfusion and complications of biliary decompression. A patient with severe blunt liver injury and laceration of the vena cava who underwent a successful extended right hepatic lobectomy is reported. The use of autotransfusion unit saved the patient from exsanguination. His postoperative course was complicated by renal and hepatic failure, bile leakage, and persistent jaundice due to cholangitis. Prolonged choledochal drainage via T-tube obviously acted as a source of infection. The use of autotransfusion, choledochal drainage and the proper timing of its removal, the treatment of vena cava lesions and jaundice due to cholangitis in patients with severe liver trauma are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020596"}
{"pmid": "1020598", "title": "Protein synthesis by synaptosomes from the head ganglion of the squid, Loligo pealli.", "content": "Protein synthesis by synaptosomes from the head ganglion of the squid, Loligo pealli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020598"}
{"pmid": "1020599", "title": "Chronic allergic encephalomyelitis of the guinea pig: effects of maternal sensitization on the offspring.", "content": "Chronic allergic encephalomyelitis of the guinea pig: effects of maternal sensitization on the offspring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020599"}
{"pmid": "1020600", "title": "Mobility variation as a criterion of antitrypanosomal activity in vitro and potentiation of antimonials by serum.", "content": "Mobility variation as a criterion of antitrypanosomal activity in vitro and potentiation of antimonials by serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020600"}
{"pmid": "1020602", "title": "The control of aldosterone in anephric man.", "content": "The control of aldosterone in anephric man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020602"}
{"pmid": "1020605", "title": "Thrombosis of the axillary and subclavian veins following muscular effort (Paget-Von Schroetter syndrome).", "content": "Thrombosis of the axillary and subclavian veins following muscular effort (Paget-Von Schroetter syndrome).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020605"}
{"pmid": "1020607", "title": "Inhibitory effect of clofibrate on arginine-induced insulin secretion in chemical diabetes.", "content": "Inhibitory effect of clofibrate on arginine-induced insulin secretion in chemical diabetes. Clofibrate 3 g/die for 10 consecutive days, significantly reduced arginine-induced IRI release in chemical diabetics and in normal controls, whether of normal body weight or obese. Blood glucose levels were not affected by clofibrate. In agreement with previous findings, it would appear that clofibrate, administered for short periods does not lead to a decrease in glucose tolerance. However, studies relating to the effect of chronic clofibrate administration in chemical diabetes are needed in order to be sure that prolonged inhibition of IRI secretion does not lead to overt diabetes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020607"}
{"pmid": "1020608", "title": "Clinical picture of diabetic osteoarthropathy.", "content": "Clinical picture of diabetic osteoarthropathy. On the basis of data from pertinent literature and of a thorough examination of 23 cases observed by himself the author illustrates findings concerned the occurrence, clinical picture and interrelations of clinical and radiological symptoms in diabetic osteoarthropathy. These alterations occur most frequently in middleaged or elderly diabetic patients with unstable metabolism or poor control, usually after a long duration of diabetes. Clinical symptoms are divided into 4 groups. Neurological symptoms (group I) are detectable at every stage of the process. Sometimes bone destruction is concomitant but neurological changes are the sole symptoms. Loose joints and articular swelling (group II) are frequently premonitory signs of bone alterations. Plantar ulcers (group III) are often associated with bone changes. Detectable foot deformities (group IV) are mostly an indication of the end stage of the process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020608"}
{"pmid": "1020611", "title": "Observations on morning and afternoon glucose tolerance: differences between sexes.", "content": "Observations on morning and afternoon glucose tolerance: differences between sexes. One hundred non-obese and non-diabetic individuals, 50 men and 50 women, were submitted to oral glucose tolerance tests performed in the morning and in the afternoon on different days. Although great individual variations were noted in both sexes, in men the mean blood sugar (BS) values did not significantly differ between the two tests; in women, however, the mean values after glucose loading were significantly higher during the afternoon test. By dividing the test population into those aged 50 and below and those over 50 it was found that only the group of younger women showed significant differences between the two tests with higher mean BS values during the afternoon test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020611"}
{"pmid": "1020610", "title": "Insulin-induced hypoglycemia: 24-h variation.", "content": "Insulin-induced hypoglycemia: 24-h variation. The hypoglycemic effect of i.v. insulin injected at 4 different times of day was studied in normal volunteers. It was found that the glucose fall induced by this treatment was quantitatively different, with the maximum effect observed at 18(00) and 24(00). The circadian variation of the insulin-induced hypoglycemia depends on the time recovery from the glucose fall rather than on lower circulating glucose levels attained following hormone injection. These results underline the importance of considering circadian variations when planning either experimental designs or insulin therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020610"}
{"pmid": "1020609", "title": "Acute self-poisoning with phenformin.", "content": "Acute self-poisoning with phenformin. The case is reported of a non-diabetic young woman who attempted suicide by ingesting 2,500 mg of phenformin. The most marked clinical and laboratory findings during the first 24 hrs included nausea, vomiting, anxiety, agitation, polydipsia, polyuria, increased appetite, tachycardia, tachypnea, persistent lactic acidosis, hypoglycemia and hypokalemia. Treatment at the ICU 10 hrs after ingestion of the overdose was essentially symptomatic and included measures to correct acidosis and hypoglycemia. The patient recovered completely.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020609"}
{"pmid": "1020619", "title": "An ultrastructural investigation of the polar plasm of the egg of Sternaspis (Annelids, Polychaeta).", "content": "An ultrastructural investigation of the polar plasm of the egg of Sternaspis (Annelids, Polychaeta).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020619"}
{"pmid": "1020614", "title": "Stimulation of 3H-uridine incorporation into ribosomal ribonucleic acids by insulin.", "content": "Stimulation of 3H-uridine incorporation into ribosomal ribonucleic acids by insulin. Ribosomal RNA was extracted from hepatic ribosomal subunits of rats treated with alloxan or with alloxan and insulin and additionally injected with 3H-uridine. Sedimentation of the extracted RNA through sucrose, gradients with registration of the optical density and with measurement of the radioactivity of rRNA reveals reduction of uridine incorporation after the induction of diabetes of diabetes mellitus. If alloxan-diabetic animals are substituted with insulin, this decrease in uridine incorporation is reversed to incorporation rates which even exceed uridine incorporation of control animals. With regard to the reduction of protein synthesis in diabetes mellitus this finding of reduced rRNA synthesis is suggested to be an additional factor in the reduction of ribosomal aggregation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020614"}
{"pmid": "1020620", "title": "Ribonucleic acid synthesis during development of an ascidian: Ciona intestinalis.", "content": "Ribonucleic acid synthesis during development of an ascidian: Ciona intestinalis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020620"}
{"pmid": "1020612", "title": "Some metabolic and hormonal effects of salbutamol in man.", "content": "Some metabolic and hormonal effects of salbutamol in man. The effect of i.v. infusion of a beta-adrenergic stimulant, salbutamol on blood insulin, glucose, lactate, phosphates, potassium and NEFA was studied in 9 normal subjects. The effect of the drug on the blood sugar and insulin response to i.v. glucose was also examined in 4 subjects. Salbutamol was followed by increases in insulin, glucose and lactate, and a fall in blood phosphorus and potassium. NEFA values did not change significantly. These effects of salbutamol were abolished by propranolol and may thus be attributed to its beta-adrenergic stimulating action. Salbutamol also induced a reduction in glucose tolerance, in spite of the presence of enhanced blood insulin levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020612"}
{"pmid": "1020613", "title": "Intestinal digestion and absorption of sucrose in experimental diabetes.", "content": "Intestinal digestion and absorption of sucrose in experimental diabetes. Intestinal sucrose hydrolysis and absorption of monosaccharide products was studied in vivo utilizing the segmental perfusion technique in diabetic and control rats. The proximal jejunum was perfused with 20 mM sucrose, 140 mM NaCl and 0.5% PEG with 14C-PEG, as the nonabsorbable marker. Rates of sucrose hydrolysis and adsorption of monosaccharide products (fructose, and glucose) were determined. There were no statistically significant differences between the diabetic and control rats. This indicates that the previously reported increase in sucrase activity in diabetes does not correlate with enhanced rates of sucrose hydrolysis. Several possibilities for the interpretation of these results are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020613"}
{"pmid": "1020622", "title": "Endocytosis at the apical surface in neuroepithelial cells of the young chick embryo.", "content": "Endocytosis at the apical surface in neuroepithelial cells of the young chick embryo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020622"}
{"pmid": "1020621", "title": "Dynamics of the colonial cycle in the ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri. The fate of isolated buds.", "content": "Dynamics of the colonial cycle in the ascidian, Botryllus schlosseri. The fate of isolated buds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020621"}
{"pmid": "1020623", "title": "Mitochondria in the egg of Ascidia malaca.", "content": "Mitochondria in the egg of Ascidia malaca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020623"}
{"pmid": "1020615", "title": "Australia antigen in diabetic subjects.", "content": "Australia antigen in diabetic subjects. The sera of 766 diabetics and 730 blood donors have been tested for Australia surface antigen (HBsAg). Subjects with a history of an episode of jaundice were excluded from both groups. The two groups did not differ as to the frequency with which HBsAg was found 1.64% in blood donors, 1.56% in diabetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020615"}
{"pmid": "1020626", "title": "Diploid gynogenetics in Discoglossus pictus.", "content": "Diploid gynogenetics in Discoglossus pictus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020626"}
{"pmid": "1020616", "title": "Maternal diabetes and congenital malformations among live births in Hawaii.", "content": "Maternal diabetes and congenital malformations among live births in Hawaii. The frequency of congenital malformations in 187,266 live births in Hawaii from 1956 through 1966, was found to be significantly higher among offspring diabetic mothers (0.0175) than in offspring of non-diabetic mothers (0.0086) or mothers with no complications of pregnancy (0.0074). However, the frequency of malformations in offspring of diabetic mothers was not significantly higher than in offspring of mothers with heart conditions of hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020616"}
{"pmid": "1020625", "title": "A recessive semi-lethal mutation, \"distended lungs\" (dl) affecting the tadpoles of Xenopus laevis.", "content": "A recessive semi-lethal mutation, \"distended lungs\" (dl) affecting the tadpoles of Xenopus laevis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020625"}
{"pmid": "1020624", "title": "Investigations on the biosynthesis of sulphur-containing compounds in Limnaea (mollusc) oocytes, capsules and jelly during oogenesis period.", "content": "Investigations on the biosynthesis of sulphur-containing compounds in Limnaea (mollusc) oocytes, capsules and jelly during oogenesis period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020624"}
{"pmid": "1020628", "title": "Morphological analysis of the neuroepithelial cells of the chick embryo incubated in vitro. A stereological study.", "content": "Morphological analysis of the neuroepithelial cells of the chick embryo incubated in vitro. A stereological study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020628"}
{"pmid": "1020627", "title": "On the relationship between the chromosome set and the sexual differentiation of the neoblasts in planarians.", "content": "On the relationship between the chromosome set and the sexual differentiation of the neoblasts in planarians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020627"}
{"pmid": "1020629", "title": "Evolution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in two types of skeletal muscles and skin tissue in Discoglossus pictus (Amphibia Anura) during embryonic development.", "content": "Evolution of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in two types of skeletal muscles and skin tissue in Discoglossus pictus (Amphibia Anura) during embryonic development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020629"}
{"pmid": "1020630", "title": "Synthesis of RNA containing poly A in third instar salivary glands isolated nuclei.", "content": "Synthesis of RNA containing poly A in third instar salivary glands isolated nuclei.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020630"}
{"pmid": "1020633", "title": "Ixodes sigelos, n. sp. (Acarina : Ixodidae), a parasite of rodents in Chile, with a method for preparing ticks for examination by scanning electron microscopy.", "content": "Ixodes sigelos, n. sp. (Acarina : Ixodidae), a parasite of rodents in Chile, with a method for preparing ticks for examination by scanning electron microscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020633"}
{"pmid": "1020634", "title": "The effect of presence of females on spermatogenesis and early mate seeking behavior in two species of Dermacentor ticks (Acari : Ixodidae).", "content": "The effect of presence of females on spermatogenesis and early mate seeking behavior in two species of Dermacentor ticks (Acari : Ixodidae).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020634"}
{"pmid": "1020636", "title": "Effects on the JH-analogues altosid and altozar on the North American house-dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes (Acarina, Pyroglyphidae).", "content": "Effects on the JH-analogues altosid and altozar on the North American house-dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes (Acarina, Pyroglyphidae).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020636"}
{"pmid": "1020637", "title": "Influence of anesthesia on autoregulation of the cerebral blood flow.", "content": "Influence of anesthesia on autoregulation of the cerebral blood flow. Autoregulation of the cerebral blood flow is a wellknown fact. In normal man the arterial pressure can vary from 80 mm Hg to 150 mm Hg without a change in the normal cerebral blood flow of 50 ml/100 g/min. The mechanism which is responsible for this autoregulation is not clearly understood. Several theories were proposed to explain this phenomenon. 1. The tissue pressure increases with an increase of the arterial pressure. A mechanical process should neutralize an increase of the cerebral blood flow. 2. The metabolic theory says that a decrease of the blood pressure, without a change of metabolism, involves an increase of the PaCO2, and a decrease of the PaO2. Those two factors provoke a decrease of the vascular tone. 3. The myogenic theory explains autoregulation by the fact that a change of the transmural pressure in the small vessels, involves a change in the activity of the smooth muscles of the vessels. 4. The exact mechanism of the autonomic nervous system in the autoregulation of the cerebral blood flow is still obscure. In some pathological conditions autoregulation is completely lost or is functioning not optimal: hypoxia, hypercapnia and brain contusion. We have measured the cerebral blood flow before and after an intravenous injection of 5 mg thiopental (Pentothal) on occasion of a carotid angiography in man. We noticed a decrease of the cerebral blood flow and at the same moment a decrease of the arterial pressure. We thought that maybe barbiturates could influence autoregulation. Our results could not prove this hypothesis. For ethical reasons we could not make the necessary measurements to prove or to reject this hypothesis (i.e. intracranial pressure, deep controlled hypotension). In the literature there are arguments which support this hypothesis although most workers found an intact autoregulation after a barbiturate anesthesia. Some workers saw that the increase of the cerebral blood flow by increasing the PaCO2 was depressed by barbiturates and exhausted by halothane and cyclopropane. As autoregulation is a more vulnerable mechanism than CO2 reactivity as seen in clinical situations, it could be true that anesthetics do influence autoregulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020637"}
{"pmid": "1020638", "title": "Pneumothorax during anesthesia with changes in ECG.", "content": "Pneumothorax during anesthesia with changes in ECG. A patient known to suffer from CNSLD was to undergo cervical lymph node dissection for gingival carcinoma. Pneumothorax developed immediately after introduction of anesthesia. In addition to the usual physical diagnostic signs, an abrupt decrease in amplitude of the QRS- complex and T -waves was observed in the ECG on the scope, the sensitivity of which remained unchanged. The ECG changes disappeared after abolition of the pneumothorax.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020638"}
{"pmid": "1020639", "title": "A method to exhaust anesthetic gases when using the Loosco system for children with an expiratory valve according to the Waters' principle.", "content": "A method to exhaust anesthetic gases when using the Loosco system for children with an expiratory valve according to the Waters' principle. A description is presented of a method to eliminate anesthetic gases when using the Loosco system for children with an expiratory valve according to the Waters' principle. From practical experience we have gained the strong impression that this convenient device meets the requirements we have formulated. Exact gas-chromatographic determinations are still in progress, and the results will be published as soon as possible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020639"}
{"pmid": "1020655", "title": "Gastric acid secretion inhibitors. I. Compounds chemically related to lidocaine.", "content": "Gastric acid secretion inhibitors. I. Compounds chemically related to lidocaine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020655"}
{"pmid": "1020656", "title": "Potentiometric titration of ionizable compounds in two-phase systems. II. Determination of partition coefficients of organic acids and bases.", "content": "Potentiometric titration of ionizable compounds in two-phase systems. II. Determination of partition coefficients of organic acids and bases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020656"}
{"pmid": "1020657", "title": "Quantitative analysis of some penicillins using the differential hydrolysis rate method.", "content": "Quantitative analysis of some penicillins using the differential hydrolysis rate method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020657"}
{"pmid": "1020658", "title": "Potential hypolipidemic agents. XV Synthesis and plasma lipid-lowering properties of derivatives of 2-phenoxy-2-methylpropionic acid.", "content": "Potential hypolipidemic agents. XV Synthesis and plasma lipid-lowering properties of derivatives of 2-phenoxy-2-methylpropionic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020658"}
{"pmid": "1020659", "title": "Non-linear curve-fitting analysis of ion-pair extraction equilibria. A comparison with slope analysis.", "content": "Non-linear curve-fitting analysis of ion-pair extraction equilibria. A comparison with slope analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020659"}
{"pmid": "1020660", "title": "Testing of laminar air flow units by particle counting and by microbial methods.", "content": "Testing of laminar air flow units by particle counting and by microbial methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020660"}
{"pmid": "1020661", "title": "Dry-heat sterilization of pharmaceutical glassware using hot air or infra-red radiation.", "content": "Dry-heat sterilization of pharmaceutical glassware using hot air or infra-red radiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020661"}
{"pmid": "1020662", "title": "Antidepressant agents. VII. Enantiomers of 3,3-diphenylcyclopentylamine and 4,4-diphenylcyclohex-2-enylamine. Selective inhibition of amine uptake.", "content": "Antidepressant agents. VII. Enantiomers of 3,3-diphenylcyclopentylamine and 4,4-diphenylcyclohex-2-enylamine. Selective inhibition of amine uptake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020662"}
{"pmid": "1020663", "title": "Polysaccharide contaminants in ultra pure grade sucrose with relation to anaphylactoid reactions in clinical use of invert sugar solutions.", "content": "Polysaccharide contaminants in ultra pure grade sucrose with relation to anaphylactoid reactions in clinical use of invert sugar solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020663"}
{"pmid": "1020665", "title": "Hepatic glucoreceptors in the short-term control of feeding.", "content": "Hepatic glucoreceptors in the short-term control of feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020665"}
{"pmid": "1020682", "title": "Safety and efficacy of prolonged treatment with Tremblex (dexetimide), an antiparkinsonian agent. A controlled study.", "content": "Safety and efficacy of prolonged treatment with Tremblex (dexetimide), an antiparkinsonian agent. A controlled study. The trial involved 69 female, long-stay inpatients of the Voorburg mental hospital, of a median age of 50 years. Two groups were formed at the start of the trial. The first group (51 patients) on a maintenance therapy with orphenadrine, were now put on oral dexetimide. Individually adapted dosages ranged from 0.5 to 1.5 mg daily. The control group (18 patients) of antiparkinsonian agents did not take any in the course of the study either. After three and six months (end of trial) biochemical and haematologic parameters were assessed. Clinical evaluation of extrapyramidal symptoms was made in the dexetimide group. All patients of the control group and 47 of the dexetimide group completed the trial. Both groups were shown to be comparable with regard to all parameters. Statistical analysis showed significant improvement in dexetimide-patients with regard to gross motor tremor, facial inexpressiveness, parkinsonian gait (after two weeks) + dyskinesia (after six months).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020682"}
{"pmid": "1020683", "title": "A retrospective evaluation of long-term fluspirilene (IMAP) treatment.", "content": "A retrospective evaluation of long-term fluspirilene (IMAP) treatment. Fluspirilene proved to be a very useful drug in the basic maintenance therapy of 21 chronic schizophrenic patients (ages 16-71 years), who received individually adjusted doses weekly during their hospitalization and during the subsequent follow-up period. The follow-up data analysis showed that the antipsychotic efficacy of the drug after prolonged (8-21.5 months) treatment was nicely maintained, that the patients' socio-professional integration had improved significantly, while a small decrease in dosage proved possible in several cases. The incidence of side-effects remained low, and no signs of accumulation or toxicity could be detected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020683"}
{"pmid": "1020695", "title": "Stability of mammalian tuberculin PPD.", "content": "Stability of mammalian tuberculin PPD. Six lots of PPD prepared in 1937 met the requirements when tested in guinea pig potency assay in 1974. Reading of the skin reactions at 48 hr gave more consistent results than the 24 hr reading. Data were evaluated by analysis of variance and by a quick method developed for the estimation of identity of the standard and the test preparation. Although less sensitive than the analysis of variance, the quick method has been found suitable for estimation of the potency of tuberculin preparations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020695"}
{"pmid": "1020696", "title": "Decreased cellular immune response of germ-free mice.", "content": "Decreased cellular immune response of germ-free mice. Cellular immune response to intracerebral lymphocytic choriomeningitis infection was studied in mice belonging to an identical strain but different in breeding conditions. In consequence of the cellular immune reaction on the leptomeninx, lymphocytic choriomeningitis developed and caused death in 100% of conventionally bred mice, whereas 80% of germ-free and 15% of mouse-pathogen-free mice failed to display lymphocytic infiltration of the leptomeninx and survived the infection as chronic virus carriers. This finding pointed to a deficient cellular immune response of germ-free and mouse-pathogen-free mice. The under-development of the lymphoid system due to the antigen-poor breeding conditions might be responsible for the deficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020696"}
{"pmid": "1020697", "title": "Studies on the lymphoid system of mice with lethal acute toxoplasmosis.", "content": "Studies on the lymphoid system of mice with lethal acute toxoplasmosis. Acute toxoplasmosis was induced in CFLP mice by infecting them intraperitoneally with the 25 x 10(3) multiplicity of the virulent RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii. The lymphoid system of mice succumbing to acute toxoplasmosis showed characteristic changes. Significant spleen hypertrophy (spleen index: 1.76), severe thymus atrophy (thymus index: 0.27) and a striking decrease of the lymphocyte count in blood (86%) was found as compared with the uninfected controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020697"}
{"pmid": "1020698", "title": "Leukocyte migration inhibition by a specific antigen in human typhoid fever.", "content": "Leukocyte migration inhibition by a specific antigen in human typhoid fever. Cellular reactivity to heat-killed Salmonella typhi antigen was investigated by the leukocyte migration inhibition (LMI) method in 33 S. typhi infected patients and in 32 control persons. In the typhoid group a statistically significant LMI was observed as compared to the members of the control group. A correlation was found between the level of the cellular sensitivity and the time elapsed between onset of the disease and performance of the test. Previous typhoid vaccination had no influence on the LMI. No correlation was found between the agglutinin titres and the sensitivity demonstrated by the LMI test. The value of the method in studies of cellular immunity in typhoid fever is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020698"}
{"pmid": "1020699", "title": "The development of the connective tissue in the human orbit.", "content": "The development of the connective tissue in the human orbit. The development of the mesenchymal structures of the human orbit was studied using 10 mu or 60 mu serial sections of orbits of foetuses of 35 to 320 mm stages (C.R. length; 2-9 months). The ontogenesis of the orbital walls, the eye muscles, the blood vessels and the connective tissue was compared. This comparison revealed that the eye muscles and their fasciae together with the adventitial layers of the larger blood vessels and nerves develop first, closely linked in time to the progress of ossification and growth of most of the orbital bones. Only the (endochondral) ossification of the ethmoid starts much later. The orbital connective tissue septa development commences later, i.e. from the third month onwards, concurrently with the development of special mesenchymal condensations, a particular capillary system and adipose tissue. About five months later the adult configuration is attained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020699"}
{"pmid": "1020702", "title": "Effect of long photoperiod on the maturation of ovary of the catfish, Mystus tengara (Ham.)", "content": "Effect of long photoperiod on the maturation of ovary of the catfish, Mystus tengara (Ham.) A study has been made of the effect of photoperiodism on the ovarian maturation of fresh water teleost, Mystus tengara (Ham.). The magnitude of ovarian recrudescence is more during maturing virgin phase as compared to during immature virgin and preparatory virgin phases in long photoperiod (14 hours/day) treated fish. Thus, the response of the ovary to long photoperiod increases with the approach of natural spawning period. The mature eggs are more in long photoperiod treated fish than in controls exposed to 12 hours/day photoperiod. In long photoperiod treated fish, prespawning period is reduced considerably. During spawning and post-spawning periods, the ovaries are refractory, since long photoperiod is ineffective in maintaining gravid ovaries beyond spawning period and the ovarian regression during post spawning period sets in regardless of nature of photoperiod treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020702"}
{"pmid": "1020700", "title": "Functional anatomy of the musculature of the trachea.", "content": "Functional anatomy of the musculature of the trachea. The smooth musculature of the human trachea was studied and compared with earlier observations in the rabbit. The results may be summarized as follows: 1. The annular m. constrictor tracheae, previously observed in the rabbit, has also been identified in the human trachea. 2. Longitudinal muscle fibers outside the constrictor musculature were observed in man. These fibers are rudimentary and appear to be of no functional importance. 3. From a functional point of view, it appears justified to regard the outer tracheal musculature largely as a constrictor musculature. 4. The main function of the outer musculature of the trachea and the elastic cartilaginous arches is to maintain the stability of the tracheal wall. 5. The variation of the lumen of the trachea is mainly controlled by the m. trachealis in the pars membranacea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020700"}
{"pmid": "1020692", "title": "Antidepressive properties of I-glutamine. Preliminary report.", "content": "Antidepressive properties of I-glutamine. Preliminary report. A brief review of the literature on this topic, and a comparison of the results obtained in children by administrating l-glutamine with those obtained by other antidepressive drugs, is primarily presented. Having been tested in a sampler of 43 adults, affected by different forms of depressive, neurasthenic and dissociative illnesses, 1-glutamine is indicated as owning clear anti-depressive properties, and the asthenia as target-symptom for its therapeutical use. Out of the endogenous depression with slowed-down motor activity, indeed good results were found in all cases, in which a \"vital\" level had been reached by the illness. Since 1-glutamine is noticed being a precursor of GABA, this fact itself could explain its antidepressive properties, but it is necessary to remember that they very complex metabolism of the drug is still mostly unknown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020692"}
{"pmid": "1020694", "title": "Character neuroses and behavioural disorders in children: their treatment with pipamperone (Dipiperon). A clinical study.", "content": "Character neuroses and behavioural disorders in children: their treatment with pipamperone (Dipiperon). A clinical study. Dipiperon drops 30-180 mg/day were given for eight weeks to 29 children with character neuroses and behavioural disorders. A 16-item rating-scale covering several features of behaviour disorder was completed by a psychologist and a teacher independent from each other. The individual number of pathological scores showed a decrease already within the first treatment week and a further decrease by the end of the trial, especially for the items of capriciousness, obstinacy, irritability and restlessness. The therapeutic benefit was not accompanied by an adverse effect on the school performance of the children. No side-effects were reported or observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020694"}
{"pmid": "1020712", "title": "Altered composition and metabolism of proteoglycans isolated from degenerated human articular cartilage.", "content": "Altered composition and metabolism of proteoglycans isolated from degenerated human articular cartilage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020712"}
{"pmid": "1020713", "title": "Binding of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in plasma of normal and vitamin D - deficient chicks and men.", "content": "Binding of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in plasma of normal and vitamin D - deficient chicks and men.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020713"}
{"pmid": "1020714", "title": "Relase of retraction stimulating factor (RSF) during platelet dependent retraction of reptilase clots.", "content": "Relase of retraction stimulating factor (RSF) during platelet dependent retraction of reptilase clots.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020714"}
{"pmid": "1020715", "title": "Computer simulation of iodine inhibition system with TSH regulation.", "content": "Computer simulation of iodine inhibition system with TSH regulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020715"}
{"pmid": "1020716", "title": "Somatic changes in the course of and as consequence of pregnancy.", "content": "Somatic changes in the course of and as consequence of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020716"}
{"pmid": "1020717", "title": "Platelet shape change induced by cold and the retraction of reptilase clots.", "content": "Platelet shape change induced by cold and the retraction of reptilase clots.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020717"}
{"pmid": "1020726", "title": "Studies on bone development in pigs diseased in atrophic rhinitis.", "content": "Studies on bone development in pigs diseased in atrophic rhinitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020726"}
{"pmid": "1020727", "title": "Experimental transmission of Eimeria stiedai to the hare.", "content": "Experimental transmission of Eimeria stiedai to the hare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020727"}
{"pmid": "1020728", "title": "Histopathological changes in the gizzard of goslings, ducklings and chickens experimentally infected with Amidostomum anseris.", "content": "Histopathological changes in the gizzard of goslings, ducklings and chickens experimentally infected with Amidostomum anseris.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020728"}
{"pmid": "1020729", "title": "Data on the aetiology of swine atrophic rhinitis. V. The role of genetic factors.", "content": "Data on the aetiology of swine atrophic rhinitis. V. The role of genetic factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020729"}
{"pmid": "1020730", "title": "Effect of high air temperature on the fasting metabolism of fattening pigs.", "content": "Effect of high air temperature on the fasting metabolism of fattening pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020730"}
{"pmid": "1020731", "title": "Experimental transfer of enzootic bovine leucosis to sheep.", "content": "Experimental transfer of enzootic bovine leucosis to sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020731"}
{"pmid": "1020732", "title": "Rehabilitation of work dogs diseased in hip dysplasia by surgical application of a gelatine interpositum.", "content": "Rehabilitation of work dogs diseased in hip dysplasia by surgical application of a gelatine interpositum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020732"}
{"pmid": "1020733", "title": "Radiography of the hip joint in standing dog.", "content": "Radiography of the hip joint in standing dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020733"}
{"pmid": "1020736", "title": "Effect of the moistening of body surface on heat production and heat sensation in fattening pigs.", "content": "Effect of the moistening of body surface on heat production and heat sensation in fattening pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020736"}
{"pmid": "1020738", "title": "Endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract.", "content": "Endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Fiberendoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract recently has become a routine diagnostic procedure. This is due to its broad spectrum of applications and to its \"reputation\" of simplicity and innocuousness. The possible complications of fiberendoscopy, however, are similar to those of rigid endoscopy. Most of these complications can and must be avoided by strict adhesion to elementary precautions: adequate teaching and supervision of endoscopists in training; emphasis on all stages of the patient's preparation, psychological and pharmacological, each adopted to the individual patient and constant awareness of the possibility of complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020738"}
{"pmid": "1020737", "title": "The abnormal upper gastrointestinal vagovagal reflexes that affect the heart.", "content": "The abnormal upper gastrointestinal vagovagal reflexes that affect the heart. The clinically important upper gastrointestinal-cardiac vagovagal reflexes are mainly those initiated by swallowing and rapid gastric distention. Pre-existing-heart disease has little to do with determining susceptibility to upper gastrointestinal stimuli. The dangerous cardiac repercussions concern diminished coronary artery flow and the arrhythmias. The latter can be subcategorized as swallow tachycardia, pharyngeal disease with arrhythmia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia with swallow syncope, spontaneous swallow syncope and swallow bradycardia. Iatrogenic arrhythmias are particularly tragic potential hazards of all pharyngoesophagogastric manipulations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020737"}
{"pmid": "1020739", "title": "Diagnosis of gastric prepyloric and antral lesions: comparison of fiberendoscopy and gastric biopsy with radiology.", "content": "Diagnosis of gastric prepyloric and antral lesions: comparison of fiberendoscopy and gastric biopsy with radiology. Fibergastroscopy and direct-vision gastric biopsy were performed in 47 patients who had a prepyloric or antral gastric lesion on barium meal (single-contrast) examination. Of 27 cases with a radiological diagnosis of prepyloric or antral ulceration, five cases (18.5%) had evidence of ulceration, 12 cases (44.4%) had acute or chronic gastritis and eight cases (29.6%) had normal gastric mucosa, on fibergastroscopy. Multiple gastric biopsy confirmed the presence of acute-on-chronic gastritis (ACG), chronic gastritis (CG) and chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), with or without intestinal metaplasia (IM) or epithelial atypia (Aty), in 24 cases (89%). Normal gastric mucosa was found in three cases (11%) and malignancy in none. Of 15 cases with a radiological diagnosis of prepyloric or antral malignancy, only three cases (20%) had evidence of adenocarcinoma on endoscopy and biopsy. One case had rounded nodules seen on endoscopy and gastric biopsies showed malignant lymphoma. In two cases with endoscopic suspicion of malignancy, gastric biopsies showed ACG in one and CAG in the other. Gastric biopsies showed histological changes of CG (+/- IM) or CAG (+/- IM) in 11 cases (73%). In five cases with a radiological diagnosis of various prepyloric or antral lesions, endoscopy and biopsy revealed CG (+/- IM) in all and malignancy in none. It is concluded that fiberendoscopy and gastric biopsy are superior to the single-contrast barium meal in the diagnosis of prepyloric or antral gastric lesions. Direct-vision gastric biopsy should be done in all cases since it increased the diagnostic accuracy of fiberendoscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020739"}
{"pmid": "1020740", "title": "Treatment of protein-losing gastropathy with atropine.", "content": "Treatment of protein-losing gastropathy with atropine. Protein loss from the gastric mucosa with hypertrophic gastric folds and hypoalbuminemia has been associated with low, normal and elevated gastric acid output. A case of protein-losing gastropathy with slightly elevated gastric acid output is described. Associated findings were hypertrophic gastric folds, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, lymphadenopathy, edema, ascites and venous thrombosis. Oral administration of atropine resulted in a cessation of gastrointestinal protein loss and correction of hypoalbuminemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020740"}
{"pmid": "1020741", "title": "Biliary excretion and concentration of cefazolin.", "content": "Biliary excretion and concentration of cefazolin. The excretion of cefazolin into the human biliary tract in health and disease was investigated in 34 patients undergoing surgical procedures. The patients included: I. Four controls. IIA. Eleven patients with cholelithiasis and/or cholecystitis and a radiological visualized gallbladder. IIB. Nine patients with cholethiasis and cholecystitis and a radiologically nonvisualized gallbladder. III. Five patients with obstructive jaundice. IV. Five patients with a T-tube in the common bile duct. Two dose regimes: 1. A single dose of 500 mg and 2. four doses each of 500 mg. given every six hours, were used. Samples of serum, gallbladder bile, common duct bile and gallbladder tissue were assayed for antibiotic activity by the cylinder plate method with Bacillus subtilis. Following administration of four doses of the antibiotic, the mean level of the drug in the gallbladder bile, in controls was 127.0 mug/ml. In the group with cholelithiasis and cholecystitis and a gallbladder that is visualized, a similar high level was noted (mean = 132.2 mug/ml.). In the presence of a nonvisualized gallbladder or obstructive jaundice, the levels in bile were lower. Two hours following a single injection of the drug, the level in the common duct bile reaches a peak of 10 mug/ml and at eight hours falls to less than one mug/ml. In the absence of obstruction cefazolin reaches a significantly high level in bile and could be valuable in treatment of biliary infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020741"}
{"pmid": "1020742", "title": "The pancreatic involvement in disseminated \"collagen\" disorders. Studies of pancreatic secretion in patients with scleroderma and Sjögren's \"disease\".", "content": "The pancreatic involvement in disseminated \"collagen\" disorders. Studies of pancreatic secretion in patients with scleroderma and Sjögren's \"disease\". In this study of 66 patients with Sjögren's syndrome and/or scleroderma abnormal pancreatic secretory patterns were observed in 43 patients, 17 of 23 with Sjögren's and 19 of 31 with scleroderma. Pancreatic insufficiency was often associated with depressed gastric secretion and/or abnormal gallbladder function. While in both disorders digestive complaints are attributable to one or more dysfunctions, the pathogenetic factors in scleroderma appear to be more varied and require careful investigation for complete elucidation. Antibiotics, antimetabolites and steroid therapies are also additional causal factors involved in the initiation of gastrointestinal dysfunction and pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020742"}
{"pmid": "1020743", "title": "Electrocoagulation biopsy of aberrant pancreas of the stomach. A case of aberrant gastric pancreas.", "content": "Electrocoagulation biopsy of aberrant pancreas of the stomach. A case of aberrant gastric pancreas. Histopathological diagnosis of submucosal tumors of the stomach has been difficult by conventional examination, e.g. roentgenography, gastroscopy and/or routine biopsy procedure. When endoscopic diagnosis of submucosal tumor is made, surgery is generally performed for tissue biopsy. We have been attempting to avoid such exploratory laparotomy to determine the histologic nature of small asymptomatic submucosal tumors of the stomach by a technic of endoscopic biopsy followed by electrocoagulation. With such a procedure, we have been able to diagnose a case of aberrant pancreas of the stomach. Our experience suggests that this technic is a safe and useful diagnostic tool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020743"}
{"pmid": "1020744", "title": "Meckel's diverticulitis due to Schistosomiasis mansoni.", "content": "Meckel's diverticulitis due to Schistosomiasis mansoni. An unusual case of schistosomal Meckel's diverticulitis is presented. Parasites were subsequently found in either stool or rectal biopsies of three siblings. The possibility of serious sequels makes the early diagnosis of Schistosomiasis mansoni often by simple stool and rectal biopsy examination particularly valuable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020744"}
{"pmid": "1020745", "title": "Brunner's gland adenomas associated with high-output congestive heart failure.", "content": "Brunner's gland adenomas associated with high-output congestive heart failure. Brunner's gland adenoma in the third portion of the duodenum is rare and only two such cases have been reported previously. A 35-year old man presented with high-output congestive heart failure. Profound iron deficiency anemia was corrected by transfusion, allowing detection of a duodenal tumor, which proved pathologically to be a Brunner's gland adenoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020745"}
{"pmid": "1020746", "title": "Large gastric varix simulating tumor.", "content": "Large gastric varix simulating tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020746"}
{"pmid": "1020747", "title": "The training of primary care internists and primary care subspecialists at Emory University School of Medicine.", "content": "The training of primary care internists and primary care subspecialists at Emory University School of Medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020747"}
{"pmid": "1020748", "title": "Sorbents in the management of uremia.", "content": "Sorbents in the management of uremia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020748"}
{"pmid": "1020749", "title": "The early detection of airway obstruction: another perspective.", "content": "The early detection of airway obstruction: another perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020749"}
{"pmid": "1020750", "title": "The clinical recognition of dissecting aortic aneurysm.", "content": "The clinical recognition of dissecting aortic aneurysm. The clinical, roentgenologic and laboratory findings in 124 patients with dissecting aneurysm of the aorta are reported. In 53 patients the dissection occurred in the ascending aorta (\"proximal\" dissection), and in 71 patients the site of origin was the descending thoracic aorta (\"distal\" dissection). Certain distinct clinical differences between the groups were apparent. Although hypertension was an important predisposing factor, it was significantly more common in distal dissection, as was atherosclerosis. Back pain and hypertension on hospital presentation characterized patients with distal dissection. Conversely patients with proximal dissection were younger and had a significantly higher incidence of Marfan's syndrome, cystic medial necrosis, anterior chest pain, pulse deficits, neurologic compromise, aortic insufficiency and congestive heart failure. In both groups, syncope appeared to correlate well with the occurrence of cardiac tamponade. Chest roentgenograms almost always showed an abnormal aortic contour. Aortic angiography, when performed, was usually confirmatory of the diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020750"}
{"pmid": "1020751", "title": "The clinical course, early prognosis and coronary anatomy of subendocardial infarction.", "content": "The clinical course, early prognosis and coronary anatomy of subendocardial infarction. The following prospective study was undertaken to observe the clinical course, early prognosis and coronary anatomy of patients with subendocardial infarction. Subendocardial infarction was defined as typical chest apin (greater than 15 minutes), serum enzyme elevation and persistent (greater than 48 hours) new T wave inversion and/or S-T segment depression in the absence of new pathologic Q waves. Fifty consecutive patients were defined, followed in a prospective manner and subjected to early coronary arteriography. A prior history of unstable angina was found in 33 patients (66 per cent); 22 patients (44 per cent) had significant dysrhythmias during the acute hospital phase, and seven patients (14 per cent) had evidence of mild left ventricular failure. Coronary arteriography demonstrated significant lesions (greater than 75 per cent narrowing in at least one vessel) in all 50 patients, with 30 patients (60 per cent) having either double- or triple-vessel disease. Follow-up (mean 10.6 months) revealed that 15 patients (30 per cent) had stable angina, 23 patients (46 per cent) unstable angina and only 12 patients (24 per cent) remained free of angina. Of 28 patients in a medically treated group, acute transmural infarctions developed in six (21 per cent) and one died (3 per cent). We conclude that subendocardial infarction is symptomatically an unstable entity, is associated with severe coronary artery disease and, in a medically treated group, is followed by a significant incidence of early transmural myocardial infarction (21 per cent). Therefore, these patients require in-hospital monitoring, careful follow-up and consideration for early coronary arteriography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020751"}
{"pmid": "1020752", "title": "The relation of sinus rate to the frequency of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia during acute myocardial infarction in man.", "content": "The relation of sinus rate to the frequency of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia during acute myocardial infarction in man. Continuous tape recordings of cardiac rhythm were made in 51 male patients with acute myocardial infarction within 24 hours of their infarction. These tracings were analyzed for the incidence of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia (PVT) and the sinus rate immediately preceding each episode of PVT. In 26 patients, 112 episodes of PVT at a rate greater than 100 beats/min were documented. Although 67 per cent of the episodes of PVT were preceded by sinus rates between 60 and 100 beats/min, 15 per cent occurred at sinus rates below 60 beats/min and 18 per cent occurred at sinus rates above 100 beats/min. The data remained essentially unchanged regardless of whether ventricular tachycardia was defined at rates in excess of 100, 120 or 140 beats/min. The results of this study show that during the early phases of acute myocardial infarction in man, PVT was most common during sinus rates generally thought to be within the normal range (60 to 100 beats/min). A lower, but close to equal incidence of PVT was observed during sinus bradycardia and sinus tachycardia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020752"}
{"pmid": "1020753", "title": "Role of circulatory congestion in the cardiorespiratory failure of obesity.", "content": "Role of circulatory congestion in the cardiorespiratory failure of obesity. The role of circulatory congestion in the cardiorespiratory dysfunction of massive obesity was investigated in 18 patients. They were hypervolemic and had increased cardiac outputs proportionate to their weight. The average resting left ventricular filling pressure was within the upper limits of normal, but it increased to abnormally high levels with increased venous return of passive leg raising, and further during exercise. The elevations in pressure were associated with high resting central blood volumes which increased significantly with exertion. These findings are consistent with reduced distensibility of the central circulation in these congested patients. Weight reduction was accompanied by a decrease in central blood volumes and restoration of a normal left ventricular response in three of four patients and a return toward normal in one. The improvement in ventricular function with relief of edema and dyspnea. In 14 patients with normal or only minimal alveolar hypoventilation, there were no significant transpulmonary diastolic pressure gradients despite a marked increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressures. One patient, after regaining weight, subsequently had an abnormal gas exchange and an increased pulmonary vascular resistance. He and two others with severe alveolar hypoventilation demonstrated cor pulmonale on a background of left ventricular dysfunction and congestion of the circulation. Two other patients, the least obese of the group, had hypoventilation and cor pulmonale with normal left ventricular pressures. Hypervolemia and a hyperdynamic state are common features of the obese patients. High cardiac output is maintained despite marked circulatory congestion which may result in generalized anasarca and increased ventricular filling pressures. This clinical syndrome may be present in obese patients without intrinsic heart disease and may be reversible with weight reduction. The central circulatory congestion may contribute to the development of the alveolar hypoventilation syndrome in certain obese patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020753"}
{"pmid": "1020755", "title": "Hereditary nephritis, deafness and abnormal thrombopoiesis. Study of a new kindred.", "content": "Hereditary nephritis, deafness and abnormal thrombopoiesis. Study of a new kindred. A fourth kindred displaying the triad of hereditary nephritis, deafness and thrombocytopenia with giant platelets is described. Renal involvement, a common cause of death amongst afflicted subjects, appears to have a better prognosis in the affected members of this family. Although the electron microscopic appearance of the megakaryocytes in the present case appears similar to that in previously reported cases, we suggest that the \"giant\" platelets may result from a degenerative process of megakaryocytes leading to nuclear regression and cytoplasmic fragmentation, rather than the usual blebbing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020755"}
{"pmid": "1020754", "title": "Clinical and physiologic studies of two siblings with prekallikrein (Fletcher factor) deficiency.", "content": "Clinical and physiologic studies of two siblings with prekallikrein (Fletcher factor) deficiency. Two siblings with hereditary Fletcher factor (prekallikrein) deficiency were studied for alterations of fibrinolysis, platelet function, skin inflammatory responses, permeability factor (PF/dil) formation and leukocyte chemotaxis. In vivo stimulation of fibrinolytic activity was normal; the bleeding time and platelet functions (adhesivity, aggregation, release reaction) were also normal. Both immediate (wheal-flare reaction to histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandin E1, physical agents) and delayed sensitivity skin test reactions were within normal limits. Migration of subjects' leukocytes to attractants in skin windows and in Boyden-type chambers was the same as that of control leukocytes. Serum complement components were essentially normal. One subject's leukocytes showed normal tissue factor production on stimulation by endotoxin, although prekallikrein deficiency did impair the endotoxin-stimulated generation of serum procoagulant activity. PF/dil caused increased vessel permeability in human skin; in vitro generation of PF/dil required both the Hageman factor and prekallikrein. The Fletcher factor-deficient subjects responded in a normal manner to PF/dil. Based on the Fletcher factor-coagulation assay, the biologic half-disappearance time of prekallikrein (after the transfusion of normal plasma in one of the subjects) was estimated at 35 hours. Therefore, these studies suggest that severe prekallikrein (Fletcher factor) deficiency in man is not associated with any clinically significant impairment in hemostasis, fibrinolysis, inflammatory responses or leukocyte function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020754"}
{"pmid": "1020756", "title": "Obstructive jaundice in a patient with epidermoid carcinoma of the hypopharynx.", "content": "Obstructive jaundice in a patient with epidermoid carcinoma of the hypopharynx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020756"}
{"pmid": "1020757", "title": "Pseudocholelithiasis in an elderly man with calcified hydatid cysts.", "content": "Pseudocholelithiasis in an elderly man with calcified hydatid cysts. A 69 year old man with intrabiliary rupture of a calcified echinococcal cyst mimicking acute cholelithiasis is discussed. This case is of interest because the correct diagnosis was not recognized preoperatively despite the fact that certain aspects of the illness were classic features of this complication of hydatid disease. Although this is a common complication of hydatid disease, which is well recognized in other countries, only seven cases have been reported in the American literature. Treatment of our patient included successful use of a Roux-en-Y drainage procedure which, to the best of our knowledge, has not previously been employed in treating this disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020757"}
{"pmid": "1020758", "title": "Intravenous injection of talc-containing drugs intended for oral use. A cause of pulmonary granulomatosis and pulmonary hypertension.", "content": "Intravenous injection of talc-containing drugs intended for oral use. A cause of pulmonary granulomatosis and pulmonary hypertension. Clinical and morphologic features are described in two patients known to have repeatedly injected intravenously talc-containing drugs intended for oral use. In one patient severe pulmonary hypertension developed; the talc granulomas in him were located predominantly within the pulmonary arteries. The second patient had normal pulmonary arterial pressures, and the talc granulomas in him were located predominantly in the pulmonary interstitium. Of 19 previously described patients with pulmonary talc granulomas, 12 had morphologic evidence of pulmonary hypertension (in three of severe degree); in each, talc granulomas were located predominantly within the pulmonary arteries. In those without signs of pulmonary hypertension, granulomas were located predominantly in the pulmonary interstitium. Why there are differences in the distribution of the talc granulomas is unclear. It is clear, however, as demonstrated by one of our patients, that severe pulmonary hypertension may be a consequence of intravenous injection of drugs intended for oral use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020758"}
{"pmid": "1020759", "title": "Acute coagulopathy following infusion of prothrombin complex concentrate.", "content": "Acute coagulopathy following infusion of prothrombin complex concentrate. An acute coagulopathy developed in a 49 year old woman with severe liver disease after she received an infusion of prothrombin complex concentrate. The concentrate used in the infusion was subsequently studied by observing the effect of the concentrate on the partial thromboplastin times of various plasmas. The evidence suggests that activated coagulation factors, including activated factor X, were present in the concentrate, and probably played a role in initiating the acute change in the patient's coagulation status. Mechanisms whereby liver disease predisposes toward the development of such a coagulopathy are discussed. It would appear that prothrombin complex concentrates should be used in patients with liver disease only with utmost caution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020759"}
{"pmid": "1020760", "title": "The liver in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease).", "content": "The liver in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu disease). The livers of four patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia--including the original case of Osler--were examined at autopsy. Characteristic random focal fibrovascular lesions were found in all. The importance of recognizing the apparently common and seemingly benign hepatic involvement in this disease is emphasized in view of its possible confusion with more serious types of liver disease that may complicate the condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020760"}
{"pmid": "1020761", "title": "Angiotensin blockade: its clinical significance.", "content": "Angiotensin blockade: its clinical significance. An understanding of the possible role of excessive angiotensin II activity in the pathogenesis of hypertension in every patient is therapeutically desirable, but it is frustrated by the lack of complete reliability of peripheral plasma measurements of renin activity. Observation of a clear-cut, supranormal decrease in blood pressure during the intravenous infusion of the angiotensin II antagonist, saralasin, has provided a far more reliable indication of the presence of an angiotensinogenic component in the hypertension. There is convincing evidence, however, that the presence of sodium-overload may prevent a decrease in blood pressure during saralasin infusion in persons known to have angiotensinogenic hypertension and that saralasin may cause a slight decrease in the blood pressure of normal subjects after natriuresis. For these reasons, it is important to study hypotensive responses to saralasin under standardized conditions after the administration of a potent diuretic and to compare the observations with those made on normal subjects under identical circumstances. This angiotensin antagonist may be used in the therapy of malignant or advanced hypertension and as an aid to therapeutic decisions in hypertensive patients who have known renal diseases, are taking oral contraceptives or have had severe trauma to the area of the kidneys. Side effects of saralasin are limited to excessive falls in blood pressure levels, mainly when vasodilators or ganglioplegic drugs are being taken at the time of the saralasin infusion, and excessive rises in blood pressure levels, especially in hypertensive subjects with \"low renin\" activity during high rates of saralasin infusion or after intravenous injections of large boluses. This safe and reliable drug is a valuable tool in the investigation and therapy of hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020761"}
{"pmid": "1020763", "title": "A precedence effect in the processing of verbal information.", "content": "A precedence effect in the processing of verbal information. When a brief sound is monitored in a sound-reverberating room, it is immediately followed by numerous echoes bounced off the walls and ceiling. Only the first sound to arrive at the ears appears to be used in its localization. This is generally referred to as the precedence effect. If the processing of verbal information is seen as a reverberating system (after Hebb) and rehearsal as the manifestation of the echoes, then an analogous precedence effect can be empirically demonstrated. Such an analogy not only helps explain previously uninterpretable data but also generates a very unique prediction that was confirmed by experimental data. The theoretical implications of the analogy are also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020763"}
{"pmid": "1020762", "title": "Usefulness and limitations of saralasin, a partial competitive agonist of angioten II, for evaluating the renin and sodium factors in hypertensive patients.", "content": "Usefulness and limitations of saralasin, a partial competitive agonist of angioten II, for evaluating the renin and sodium factors in hypertensive patients. Saralasin was infused into 52 untreated hypertensive patients. Immediate, transient pressor responses occurred in 94 per cent followed by a more gradual sustained change in blood pressure reaching an apogee in about 20 minutes. Most (86 per cent) patients with high renin values had sustained depressor responses irrespective of sodium balance. In contrast, during a normal sodium intake, the drug produced a neutral (45 per cent) or mildly pressor (50 per cent) response in patients with normal renin and pressor responses in patients with low renin values. Sodium depletion abolished pressor responses and resulted in depressor responses in 64 per cent of the patients with normal renin values. The pretreatment angiotensin level appeared to determine direction and amplitude of the response to saralasin, since increases and decreases in diastolic pressure exhibited a highly significant relationship to the control renin lever (r = 0.80, p less than 0.001). Above a neutral range of control renin values, from 2 to 7 ng Al/ml/hour, depressor responses were the rule, and below it pressor responses were consistent. Sodium balance also appeared to determine the amplitude of the response. In a subset of patients with similar renin values (range 1.4 to 2.2 ngAl/ml/hour), the induced pressor responses correlated directly with the 24-hour sodium excretion (p less than 0.05). For all patients, the induced pressure change also was related to the rate of sodium excretion (r = 0.53, p less than 0.001). The data suggest that saralasin behaves as a partial competitive agonist of angiotensin II. For this reason, saralasin testing provided only a rough physiologic validation for renin profiling. Thus, depressor responses expose most patients with high renin values. Neutral responses occur in many patients with normal renin and intermediate renin values. But pressor responses occur in subjects with either low or normal renin levels and they may reflect sodium and volume excess associated with a partial or relative absence of renin. Accordingly, due to its partial agonism, saralasin testing under-estimates the renin factor. Hence, the drug cannot be used to identify or exclude renin involvement in the blood pressure in the large majority of hypertensive patients who do not exhibit depressor responses. For them an agent devoid of agonism is required. Moreover, prior sodium depletion as a device to increase the frequency of depressor responses to saralasin does not measure intrinsic renin dependency of the blood pressure but rather the reactivity of the system to sodium depletion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020762"}
{"pmid": "1020764", "title": "Finding the relevant attribute of visual or auditory stimuli.", "content": "Finding the relevant attribute of visual or auditory stimuli. The stimuli in a simple attribute-identification task were geometric designs or their verbal descriptions. Presentation was visual or auditory, in a constant order or a mixed order that varied the serial position of the relevant dimension (the dimension providing the relevant attribute) on each trial. Constant-auditory problems whose relevant dimensions were first or last were solved better, while mixed-auditory problems were solved least well, and visual problems were solved best overall with no serial-position effects. However, the results of an experiment in which the stimuli were noun pairs suggest that visual presentation is advantageous only if it produces a nonverbal code from which subjects can recover attributes lost from their descriptions during rehearsal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020764"}
{"pmid": "1020765", "title": "The effects of visible eye and head turn on the perception of being looked at.", "content": "The effects of visible eye and head turn on the perception of being looked at. When a model turns her head and looks directly at the lens of a camera, the perception of being looked at depends on which eye of the model is observed. The model's farther eye appears to be looking at the observer, while her nearer eye appears to be looking away in a direction opposite to her head turn. Photographs of two female models were viewed by 40 adult observers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020765"}
{"pmid": "1020766", "title": "The extraction of information from visual persistence.", "content": "The extraction of information from visual persistence. Seven-letter targets were flashed for 50 msec and followed by either a blank adapting field (persisting representation of the stimulus fully available) or a series of continuous cycles of target and mask until the cumulative duration of the target matched the estimated duration of visual persistence (stimulus physically present for same interval as representation). The reportability of information from the targets in the latter case was only 50% that in the former. The interpretation is that visual persistence is an active, continuously operating process rather than a passive neural copy of the stimulus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020766"}
{"pmid": "1020767", "title": "Prospective and retrospective judgments of time as a function of amount of information processed.", "content": "Prospective and retrospective judgments of time as a function of amount of information processed. The subjects, 120 college students, sorted cards for 42 sec with instructions to process 0, 1, or 2 bits of information per card (response uncertainty) and then were asked to make an absolute judgement of the interval's duration. Half of the subjects knew this judgement would be required before the interval (prospective paradigm); half did not (retrospective paradigm). Judged time was an inverse linear function of response uncertainty under the prospective paradigm, whereas no significant function was obtained under the retrospective paradigm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020767"}
{"pmid": "1020768", "title": "The 'golden rectangle': some new data.", "content": "The 'golden rectangle': some new data. From two different series of dimensions were generated six ranges of nine rectangles each. Each range was presented to a different group of 15 men and 15 women, and a novel measure was used to assess aesthetic preference for each rectangle. The ratios between the lengths of the sides of the rectangles were the same in both series, but in one series the size of the rectangles covaried with the ratio between length and width, as in Godkewitsch's 1974 study, and in the other series the rectangles were of equal area. The subjects tended to prefer large to small rectangles in the former series and rectangles in the vicinity of the 'golden section' in the latter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020768"}
{"pmid": "1020809", "title": "Cardiac innnervation in the prenatal stages of Anas poecilorhyncha.", "content": "Cardiac innnervation in the prenatal stages of Anas poecilorhyncha. Innervation of the heart has been observed in the progressive developmental stages of Anas poecilorhyncha ranging from 8 h to 14 days stages using silver impregnation technique of Ungewitter (1951). Vagal cardiac fibres reach the atrial wall on the fourth day. Migration of nerve cells and ganglia has been observed from the more anterior regions to the heart along the precaval veins. The adult pattern of the heart is first established at the 8 days stage while the traces of the endocardial cushions are still present. The atrioventricular valves show rich innervation. The subepicardial ganglia and simple myocardial plexuses appear in the 8 days stage and become well differentiated on the 10th day. The subendocardial plexuses are reported to be sensory for the testing of the properties of the blood while the myocardial plexuses seem to have motor control over the working muscles of the heart specially those of the atria where rich innervation is observed. Local reflex areas have been described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020809"}
{"pmid": "1020812", "title": "Histomorphological study of adrenal gland in three ophidian species.", "content": "Histomorphological study of adrenal gland in three ophidian species. Adrenal gland is studied histologically in the common krait, the cobra and the viper. It is comprised largely of cortical tissue with medulla. Chromaffin tissue is spatially distributed on dorsal surface and in the intercortical area of the adrenal gland. Percentage of dorsal chromaffin is higher in the viper and cobra than that of the krait, while that of intercoritcal chromaffin is higher in the krait than that of others. Chromaffin cells are irregular, smaller with densely granulated cytoplasm and larger nuclei than those of interenal gland. Medullary cells are larger in the cobra than those of other snakes. Cytomorphological difference between the dorsal and intercortical chromaffin is marked only in the cobra. Occurrence of larger granules in the dorsal and smaller type in the intercortical chromaffin may be related with noradrenaline and adrenaline secretion respectively. Cortical percent is higher in the krait than that of other snakes. Adrenocortical zonation is found only in the common krait and cobra. Subcapsular zone shows regular cords with radial disposition of columner cells in contrast to the irregular orientation of polygonal cells noted in the central cortex. Differences observed in general morphology and histology of adrenal gland, are possibly due to species difference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020812"}
{"pmid": "1020814", "title": "Variation in basal arteries of the brain in polecat (Mustela putorius putorius L.).", "content": "Variation in basal arteries of the brain in polecat (Mustela putorius putorius L.). Observations carried out on 106 polecat brains showed that the system of basilar arteries of the brain is similar to those in other cornivorous species. The observed variation was manifested in a differentiation connections of the vessels, in occurence of some variations and in asymmetry. Some cases of such variations were hitherto observed only in some ruminants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020814"}
{"pmid": "1020815", "title": "The effect of testosterone, progesterone and orchidectomy on the kidney of common ground squirrel, Funambulus pennanti.", "content": "The effect of testosterone, progesterone and orchidectomy on the kidney of common ground squirrel, Funambulus pennanti. Histological changes, caused by testosterone, progesterone and castration in the kidney of common ground squirrel, Funambulus pennanti have been described in this report. It is concluded that kidney is no doubt an endocrine receptor but behaves specifically to androgens as well as estrogens giving dis-similar results. The extent of toxicity has been measured with the help of histoenzymological reactions previously made. Prolonged administration of androgens and estrogens to patients in clinical practice is warned. It is a must firstly to determine the dose which is well tolerated by healthy subjects. These safe levels should not be exceeded under any circumstances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020815"}
{"pmid": "1020823", "title": "Simulation of ocular dysmetria using a sampled-data model of the human saccadic system.", "content": "Simulation of ocular dysmetria using a sampled-data model of the human saccadic system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020823"}
{"pmid": "1020824", "title": "Sensitivity and afterload independence of zero-load aortic flow.", "content": "Sensitivity and afterload independence of zero-load aortic flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020824"}
{"pmid": "1020825", "title": "Principles of the design and operation of generic osmotic pumps for the delivery of semisolid or liquid drug formulations.", "content": "Principles of the design and operation of generic osmotic pumps for the delivery of semisolid or liquid drug formulations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020825"}
{"pmid": "1020826", "title": "Forces on lumbo-vertebral facets.", "content": "Forces on lumbo-vertebral facets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020826"}
{"pmid": "1020827", "title": "On the variation of heart dipole moment with body size.", "content": "On the variation of heart dipole moment with body size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020827"}
{"pmid": "1020889", "title": "The genera Paranoplocephala Lühe 1910 and Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), with particular reference to species in rodents.", "content": "The genera Paranoplocephala Lühe 1910 and Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae), with particular reference to species in rodents. The present study redefines the systematic arrangement and taxonomic status of some anoplocephaline cestodes previously allocated among the genera Andrya Railliet, 1893. Paranoplacephala Lühe, 1910, and Aprostatandrya Kirshenblat, 1938. Comparisons indicated that Paranoplocephala omphalodes (Hermann, 1783), type species of Paranoplocephala, differs morphologically from its congeners, all of which conform to the diagnosis of the genus Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923, hitherto considered a synonym of Paranoplocephala, and that it cannot be distinguished at the generic level from Aprostatandrya macrocephala (Douthitt, 1915), type of the genus Aprostatandrya. The distinction between Andrya and Aprostatandrya based on the presence or absence of a \"prostate gland\" does not exist, for neither the type species of Andrya, A; rhopalocephala (Riehm, 1881), nor A. cuniculi (Blanchard, 1891) possesses such an organ; rather, the structure of the external seminal vesicle in these cestodes does not differ fundamentally from that in P. omphalodes or in species of Aprostatandrya. Based on these findings, Aprostatandrya Kirshenbalt, 1938 is placed in synonymy with Paranoplocephala Lühe, 1910, and Anoplocephaloides Baer, 1923 is restored to contain all species other than P. omphalodes formerly allocated to the genus. Paranoplocephala. If the pattern of development of the uterus in A. rhopalocephala is found to be like that in P. omphalodes, Paranoplocephala Lühe, 1910 will in turn also become a synonym of Andrya Railliet, 1893. Three additional species of Anoplocephaloides are described, and the zoogeography of Anoplocephaloides spp. and their mammalian hosts is briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020889"}
{"pmid": "1020900", "title": "Long-term follow-up study of patients operated on for benign peptic ulcer.", "content": "Long-term follow-up study of patients operated on for benign peptic ulcer. 200 consecutive patients operated on for gastric (GU) or duodenal (DU) ulcer in 1956 to 1957 were followed up until 1974. 25 of them died within five years of primary operation and were excluded to eliminate the possibility of coexisting ulcer and malignancy at the time of operation. Four patients could not be traced and 65 died within the follow-up period, but none of them of gastric carcinoma. 46 out of 106 living patients came for re-examination and gastroscopy was performed in 42 of them. The remaining 60 patients were examined by questionnaire. According to the Finnish Cancer Registry none of them had gastric carcinoma. The expected number of gastric carcinomas in the present series was calculated to be 2.3 and of all malignancies 13.6, but only one gastric carcinoma and 19 other malignancies were detected. The gastric carcinoma detected endoscopically and verified bioptically and cytologically was microscopically of anaplastic type. Most of the patients were in excellent general condition without gastric complaints. The present series reveals no clearcut causal relationship between gastric resection and late development of stump carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020900"}
{"pmid": "1020901", "title": "Hiatal hernia repair.", "content": "Hiatal hernia repair. 128 patients operated on for hiatal hernia are reported. The follow-up study consisted of 102 patients, 16 with paraoesophageal and 86 with axial hiatal hernia. The mean follow-up time was 4 1/2 years, range 1-11 years. In our experience cineradiographic studies bring abnormalities to light more readily because this kind of study is repeatable compared with conventional techniques based on fluoroscopy. Four different methods of operation were used in this study. The recurrence rate was as follows: Nissen fundoplication 13%, both anterior 180 degrees fundoplication and Lortat-Jacobs procedure 38%, and Nissen fundoplication combined to vagotomy and pyloroplasty 54%. Postoperative complications occurred in 9%. There was no hospital mortality. The authors prefer the abdominal to the transthoracic approach because many patients had other intra-abdominal, surgically easily correctable condition. If the transthoracic operation is indicated, as in a very obese patient or in a patient with a secondary short oesophagus, intra-abdominal disease must have been excluded preoperatively. In the treatment of axial hiatal hernia the best operative method has not yet been agreed upon, but in our hands the Nissen fundoplication yielded the best results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020901"}
{"pmid": "1020902", "title": "Effect of low-dose heparin on the phagocytic and catabolic function in the reticulo-endothelial system in man during surgery.", "content": "Effect of low-dose heparin on the phagocytic and catabolic function in the reticulo-endothelial system in man during surgery. The effect of subcutaneous low-dose heparin prophylaxis on the phagocytic and catabolic functions of the reticuloendothelial system (RES) was studied in 10 patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The patients were divided into two groups; 5 patients receiving 5 000 units of heparin preoperatively and every 12 hours following the operation and 5 patients given saline at the corresponding time. Each patient served as his own control, when the RES function was tested twice with microaggregated human serum albumin labelled with 125I as a test substance. There was an enhanced phagocytic activity and a correspondingly raised catabolic activity of the RES in patients treated with heparin. The reasons for this are discussed. The results indicate that heparin in low doses has a favourable effect on the RES.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020902"}
{"pmid": "1020903", "title": "Lymphatic filling during knee arthrography.", "content": "Lymphatic filling during knee arthrography. Six cases of lymphatic filling during knee arthrography have been recorded in literature, all of which have had advanced rheumatoid arthritis. We report a case of lymph vessel filling from a popliteal cyst in a young male nonrheumatoid patient. It is concluded that abnormal synovial-lymphatic connection in the knee joint may occur also in other forms of synovial pathology and such a finding does not indicate rheumatoid inflammation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020903"}
{"pmid": "1020904", "title": "Cystic adventitial disease--cause of intermittent claudication in male non-smokers. A case report.", "content": "Cystic adventitial disease--cause of intermittent claudication in male non-smokers. A case report. A case of intermittent claudication in a middle-aged lifelong non-smoker caused by cystic adventitial disease is reported. Etiology, clinical and angiographic findings, modes of operative treatment, and other possible causes of calf claudication in young non-smokers are briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020904"}
{"pmid": "1020905", "title": "The effect of segmental epidural analgesia on maternal growth hormone, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids during labour.", "content": "The effect of segmental epidural analgesia on maternal growth hormone, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids during labour. The maternal plasma HGH, insulin, glucose and FFA levels were determined during the course of induced labours in 28 healthy mothers. Every second patient was given segmental epidural analgesia for pain relief during the first stage of labour (epidural) group). The others acted as a control group. HGH did not change significantly during the labour in either group. Insulin decreased during the first stage of labour in both groups. This decrease was more pronounced and statistically almost significant in the control group. Thereafter the insulin increased in both groups. Glucose levels did not change during the first stage, but at the moment of delivery they were significantly higher than the initial levels in both groups. FFA levels became raised in both groups during labour, reaching a peak at the moment of delivery. The results are discussed in relation to stress and effectiveness of pain relief during the first stage of labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020905"}
{"pmid": "1020906", "title": "Release of fibrinolytic activators from human ovarian tumours in organ culture.", "content": "Release of fibrinolytic activators from human ovarian tumours in organ culture. Malignant human ovarian tumours possess coagulative and fibrinolytic properties, reflected in the occurrence of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in the serum or ascitic fluid. The degradation of fibrin/fibrinogen into FDP is initiated by activators of fibrinolysis. Using a culture method permitting continuous measurement of fibrinolytic activators released, we investigated this release in organ culture of 27 various human ovarian tumours and 7 normal ovaries. The results showed that ovarian tumour explants released more fibrinolytic enzymes than explants from normal ovaries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020906"}
{"pmid": "1020907", "title": "Uretero-vaginal fistula.", "content": "Uretero-vaginal fistula. Six cases of uretero-vaginal fistula are presented. Five patients developed this complication after gynaecological surgery and one after Caesarian section. Constant urinary incontinence combined with normal voiding is typical of this lesion. Excretory urography revealed a stricture in the distal part of the ureter in 5 cases, while in one patient the urographic findings were normal. Accumulation of contrast medium in the vagina was seen on urography in 2 patients. Surgical correction is the treatment of choice, and all patients were successfully treated by resection of the distal part of the ureter with reimplantation of the ureter into the bladder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020907"}
{"pmid": "1020921", "title": "Effects of fenfluramine and cyproheptadine on growth hormone secretion.", "content": "Effects of fenfluramine and cyproheptadine on growth hormone secretion. The behaviour of GH, its biological behaviour and response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in obese and underweight patients, of ages varying from 10 to 39 years, was studied before and after treatment wie circadian course of the hormone following adminstration of either drug. Neither did pre-treatment with fenfluramine and cyproheptadine, No modification was noted in the circadian course of the hormaone following administration of either drug. Neither did pre-treatment with cyproheptadine modify the hormonal level in the stimulated test. It was, however, noted that pre-treatment with fenfluramine appears to influence the somatotropinic response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia, yet of  different significance in children and adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020921"}
{"pmid": "1020924", "title": "Development of a radio-immuno-assay for oxytocin.", "content": "Development of a radio-immuno-assay for oxytocin. High affinity antibodies against oxytocin were produced by multiple intradermal injections. The antibodies do not cross react with lysine vasopressin. Reduction of the S-S link changes the immunoreactivity. The high affinity constant of the antibodies allows direct RIA of oxytocin in diluted plasma (1:5), with a sensitivity of at least 4 muU/ml. Preliminary results for oxytocin determination in human umbilical cord plasma range between 15 - 100 muU/ml.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020924"}
{"pmid": "1020953", "title": "Histoenzymology of the pineal gland: an optical and electron microscope study.", "content": "Histoenzymology of the pineal gland: an optical and electron microscope study. The activity of some dehydrogenases is investigated in the rat's pineal gland of normal or sympathectomized animals with optical and electron microscopy. Comparison is made between the concordances and, particularly, the differences observed with the two methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020953"}
{"pmid": "1020974", "title": "Callosal transfer of impulses originating from superficial and deep nerves of the cat forelimb.", "content": "Callosal transfer of impulses originating from superficial and deep nerves of the cat forelimb. 1. Experiments were performed in 18 chloralose-anaesthetized, curarized cats in order to study the callosal transfer of somatic information originated in exteroceptive and proprioceptive receptors. Several cutaneous and deep nerves of the forelimb were prepared and stimulated with graded intensities, so as to activate selectively afferent fibres pertaining to the different groups of Lloyd's classification. Simultaneous records were taken (and averaged on-line by means of a multichannel analyzer) from the distal end of a cut dorsal rootlet (C7-C8), from the cerebral cortex (SI, SII or area 3a, according to the experiment) and from the somesthetic callosal region (SCR). 2. The low-threshold afferent fibres (Group II) of cutaneous origin were found to have a wide projection to the SCR, with the maximal density in its middle portion. Some of the fastest corticocallosal impulses are relayed monosynaptically at cortical level. Plots of the amplitude of cortical and callosal responses as a function of stimulus strength showed that both central responses have the same threshold and exhibit a parallel, sharply-rising amplitude increase, thus suggesting that the cortico-callosal re-transmission system for afferent impulses of cutaneous origin is very powerful in nature. Impulses elicited in afferent fibres of higher threshold (Group III) do not enhance the cortical and callosal positive waves provoked by Group II afferent volleys. 3. Afferent fibres of deep origin were also found to send a wide projection to the SCR, although less substantial than that of cutaneous fibres. Stimulation of the deep radial nerve elicited mass responses in the whole SCR, provided the strength of stimuli was high enough to engage the Group II fibres. Only in the central portion of the SCR were small potentials recorded in response to pure Group I volleys of DRN. Experiments performed with selective stimulation of pure muscular branches of forelimb deep nerves as well as of articular and mixed (muscular and articular) branches gave evidence making it possible to ascertain the origin of deep afferent fibres projecting to the SCR. Stimulation of the forelimb muscular branches with strength provoking full activation of Group I afferent and additional engagement of those of Group II, did not provoke mass responses in the whole extent of the SCR. In order to obtain callosal potentials upon stimulation of pure muscular nerves, it was necessary to increase the stimulus strength at or above the threshold for Group III fibres. On the contrary, the same callosal foci unresponsive to Group I and II muscular afferent volleys exhibited clear-cut responses to stimulation of the lowest-threshold Group I and/or Group II afferents of articular and mixed nerves. From the results it might be inferred that only proprioceptive information originating from articular receptors and from extrafusal muscular afferents has access to the callosal interhemispheric transfer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020974"}
{"pmid": "1020975", "title": "Somatotopic localization of the eye muscle afferents in the semilunar ganglion.", "content": "Somatotopic localization of the eye muscle afferents in the semilunar ganglion. In the medial dorsolateral portion of the semilunar ganglion of curarized and anaesthetized lambs a cellular pool has been identified which contains the perikarya of the first-order neurons of the eye muscle proprioception. Responses to moderate manual stretch of individual eye muscles were recorded by means of tungsten microelectrodes, from single units of the ganglion. They were of the type induced by muscle spindle excitation. Such responses showed a somatotopic localization. The superior rectus and the superior oblique muscles were represented in the most dorsal layers of the ganglion, while the inferior rectus and the inferior oblique muscles projected on the most ventral portion of the pool. The medial and the lateral recti were represented in the medial and lateral parts and occasionally wedged themselves between the cells innervating the superior and the inferior muscles. Thus a somatotopic arrangement of the eye muscle proprioception has been demonstrated for the first time in the semilunar ganglion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020975"}
{"pmid": "1020976", "title": "Crossed inhibition as revealed by cross-correlogram between bilateral homonymous motor unit spikes in man.", "content": "Crossed inhibition as revealed by cross-correlogram between bilateral homonymous motor unit spikes in man. Neuromuscular unit (NMU) spikes activated during the tonic vibration reflex (TVR) in man were studied by means of the cross-correlogram test. Those NMUs which preferredly fired at some definite interval with good correlation with vibration were called \"locked\" spikes. The amount above zero correlation level seen in the cross-correlogram was expressed as ipsilateral \"excitatory frequency\", Ef. TVR contraction of the ipsilateral quadriceps femoris muscle was stimulated by voluntary contraction of the contralateral quadriceps femoris. I. Cross-correlogram test of the contralateral voluntary NMU spikes with ipsilateral vibration revealed \"contralateral inhibitory modulation\". Such inhibitory modulation was observed in 24% of the contralateral NMUs during voluntary tracking contraction with visual feed-back and in 22% of NMUs during blind simulated contraction without visual feed-back. The \"subtracted\" amount, i.e., contralateral inhibitory modulation, was also expressed as the contralateral \"inhibitory frequency\", If, which was calculated from the indentations of the cross-correlogram. 2. When varied vibratory frequency was applied to the muscle both Ef and If attained their maximum value around an \"optimal frequency\" of vibration, i.e., 80-95 HZ. 3. The ratio Ef/If was proposed as the reciprocal co-activation ratio which was fairly independent of the change of vibratory frequency. An average value of Ef/If ratio was calculated at 2.2 +/- 0.9 from 19 experiments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020976"}
{"pmid": "1020977", "title": "Tonic inhibition of dorsal pontine neurons during the postural atonia produced by an anticholinesterase in the decerebrate cat.", "content": "Tonic inhibition of dorsal pontine neurons during the postural atonia produced by an anticholinesterase in the decerebrate cat. 1. Experiments performed in precollicular decerebrate cats indicate that neurons located in the caudal part of the locus coeruleus and locus subcoeruleus as well as in the surrounding reticular formation were greatly depressed during the cataplectic episodes induced by i.v. injection of 0.1 mg/kg of eserine sulphate. 2. These units actually showed a slow regular firing rate when the rigidity was present. Moreover their firing rate greatly decreased during the episodes of postural atonia produced by the anticholinesterase. In some instances a complete abolition of firing occurred during these episodes. The depression of unit discharge anticipated the onset of postural atonia and lasted throughout the episodes. 3. Some of the neurons described above responded with steady changes in their discharge rate to natural stimulation of macular labyrinthine receptors during postural rigidity. However, the response of these neurons to lateral tilts was suppressed during the episodes of postural atonia induced by the anticholinesterase, This and other arguments suggested that these units were tonically inhibited during the induced cataplectic episodes. 4. The time course of the rate deceleration shown by these neurons during transition from postural rigidity to muscular atonia represents a mirror image of the rate acceleration which affects most of the pontine reticular neurons located in the gigantocellular tegmental field (FTG) during the induced cataplectic episodes. These reciprocal rate relations suggest that a functional interaction exists between the two cell groups. In particular it is postulated that the pontine FTG neurons are self-excitatory and excitatory to the locus coeruleus neurons, while the last neurons may be self-inhibitory and inhibitory to FTG neurons. These findings can be related to previous observations showing that neurons located in the region of locus coeruleus undergo a rate deceleration during desynchronized sleep which mimics the time course of firing to the pontine reticular neurons. 5. In conclusion it appears that the decerebrate rigidity is present in so far as the cholinergic reticular neurons, which trigger the bulbospinal inhibitory system, are tonically inhibited by neurons located in the monoaminergic structures of the dorsolateral pontine tegmentum. On the other hand the suppression of the decerebrate rigidity ,which occurs during the cholinergically induced cataplectic episodes results from activation of the cholinergic reticular neurons, which escape tonic inhibition from monoaminergic structures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020977"}
{"pmid": "1020978", "title": "Relations of single semicircular canals to the pontine reticular formation.", "content": "Relations of single semicircular canals to the pontine reticular formation. The effects of afferent vestibular impulses on single pontine reticular formation units and on a small filament of the IIIrd cranial nerve were recorded with tungsten microelectrodes in 40 curarized guinea pigs. Single-shock and repetitive electrical stimulations were applied by means of stimulating electrodes inserted bilaterally into the perilymphatic space of single ampullae of the anterior and lateral semicircular canals. The reticular unitary response consisted mainly in excitation of the resting discharge rate: most units showed vestibular convergence being affected by separate stimulation of the single four ampullae. the reticular evoked field and unitary potentials accounted for latency values ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 msec. As for the early latencies they can be interpreted as responses mediated by direct vestibulo-reticular fibres. A delimited vestibular projection field in the parameidan pontine reticular formation was not identified.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020978"}
{"pmid": "1020980", "title": "Degenerative and regenerative processes in the olfactory system of homing pigeons.", "content": "Degenerative and regenerative processes in the olfactory system of homing pigeons. Experimental resection of the olfactory nerve in the homing pigeon induces a total degeneration of the nerve and olfactory epithelium. The orthograde degenerative process starts before the retrograde one. Ten days after resection, new neurons begin to differentiate from the basal cells. The axon forms earlier than the distal dendritic process, and the speed of growth increases slowly. The regenerated axons only reach the bulb in the 5th month. Two months after resection the olfactory epithelium is similar to that of the intact control side. The ultrastructural features of the mucosa and olfactory axons are similar to those of normal ones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020980"}
{"pmid": "1020981", "title": "Vestibular nuclei of hemilabyrinthectomized guinea pigs during decompensation.", "content": "Vestibular nuclei of hemilabyrinthectomized guinea pigs during decompensation. 1. The effects of the post-brachial section of the spinal cord on the field potentials recorded from the vestibular nuclei during stimulation of the right vestibular receptors have been studied in left hemilabyrinthectomized and then compensated guinea pigs. 2. Facilitation of the field potentials in the right vestibular nuclear complex and inhibition in the left nuclei have been observed. 3. These results confirm that the spinal cord is involved in the compensation of the release syndrome brought about by the lesion of one labyrinth. 4. The possible mechanisms underlying such a compensation are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020981"}
{"pmid": "1021008", "title": "Estrogens and endometrial cancer: aspects of etiology and survival rate.", "content": "Estrogens and endometrial cancer: aspects of etiology and survival rate. With a clinical study it could be demonstrated, that the frequency of diabetes hypertension, estrogen effect in the vaginal smear and proliferative changes of the endometrium was significantly higher in patients with endometrial cancer than in a control group (p less than or equal to 0.001). Obesity was also significantly more frequent (0.02 less than p less than 0.01). In vitro studies demonstrated a significantly higher aromatization of androstendione to estrone in adipose tissue of endometrial cancer patients (p less than 0.01), indicating etiologic correlations between endometrial cancer and extraglandular estrone production. An additional clinical study indicated a better 5-years-survival rate if parameters, indicating endogenous estrogen effect were present. 142 patients with endometrial cancer, and an equal size control group, were compared in regard to age, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, vaginal cytology, and endometrial histology.  In a 2nd study, 335 patients with endometrial cancer were treated with abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and radiation applications.  In an experimental study, the percent of conversion of androstenedione to estrone in subcutaneous adipose tissue in 20 patients was studied using an in vitro method.  The 1st clinical study showed that the frequency of diabetes, hypertension, the estrogen effect in the vaginal smear, and proliferative changes in the endometrium were significantly higher than in the control group.  Obesity was also more frequent.  The 2nd clinical study showed a survival rate of more than 5 years in certain parameters.  The experimental in vitro study showed a higher aromatization of androstenedione to estrone in cancer patients, indicating etiological correlations between endometrial cancer and extraglandular estrone production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021008"}
{"pmid": "1021012", "title": "Effect of a Rauscher leukemia virus vaccine upon chemical oncogenesis in the mouse.", "content": "Effect of a Rauscher leukemia virus vaccine upon chemical oncogenesis in the mouse. The concept that type-C RNA viruses serve as determinants of chemically induced cancer would be supported if immunization against such viruses reduced the incidence of methylcholanthrene-induced sarcomas. A formalin vaccine was employed which was able to protect mice against the development of virus-induced Rauscher leukemia: 8/12 vaccinated mice survived versus 1/12 controls. When mice so immunized were challenged with near-threshold doses of chemical carcinogen, sarcoma incidence and death latency did not differ between vaccinated and control groups: within 10 months, a 320 mug dose of methylcholanthrene induced 100% sarcomas in both groups, while a 64 mug dose induced 62% and 65% tumors in vaccinated and control mice respectively. Thus, a relevant postulate of the oncogene hypothesis could not be supported by these studies. Formalin treatment neutralizes the oncogenic effect of mouse leukemia viruses yiwlding preparations that are immunogenic and can be successfully used as vaccines to protect against virus-induced leukemia (5). The finding of murine leukemia viruses in chemically induced tumors (1, 2) poses the question of whether these viruses are present in the tumors as passengers, or whether they are etiologically involved in the process of tumor induction. An approach to answering this question would be to challenge with chemical carcinogens mice which have been vaccinated with leukemia virus. If the virus were somehow involved in tumor induction, antiviral immunization might conceivably interfere with chemical carcinogenesis. Whitmire and Huebner (9) have reported that mice immunized with formalin-treated leukemia viruses, become resistant to sarcomagenesis by methylcholanthrene. Repetition of this experiment by Gericke and Chandra (6) gave non-significant differences between experimental and control groups. The present paper deals with the effect of immunization against Rauscher leukemia virus upon tumor induction by near-threshold doses of methylcholanthrene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021012"}
{"pmid": "1020983", "title": "Epidemiology of sarcoidosis.", "content": "Epidemiology of sarcoidosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020983"}
{"pmid": "1021016", "title": "Double afferent arterioles of the rat renal glomerulus as studied by the injection replica scanning electron microscopic method.", "content": "Double afferent arterioles of the rat renal glomerulus as studied by the injection replica scanning electron microscopic method. One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six specimens of replicated rat renal glomerulus were examined under the scanning electron microscope, and an extremely rare anomaly of the glomerulus with double afferent arterioles was described. The double afferent arterioles arose separately from a terminal twig of the interlobular artery and reached the vascular pole of a subcapsular glomerulus which possessed a single efferent arteriole. Microdissection revealed that this glomerulus was composed of three fairly independent lobules of anastomosing capillaries. Microdissection also revealed that the double afferent arterioles were isolated from each other even in the glomerulus: the one supplied two lobules, while the other the third one only.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021016"}
{"pmid": "1021015", "title": "An autoradiographic study of the mouse carotid body using tritiated leucine, dopa, dopamine and ATP with special reference to the chief cell as a paraneuron.", "content": "An autoradiographic study of the mouse carotid body using tritiated leucine, dopa, dopamine and ATP with special reference to the chief cell as a paraneuron. A comparative autoradiographic study on the uptake and intracellular localization of 3H-leucine-, 3H-dopa-, 3H-dopamine- and 3H-ATP-derived radioactivity was performed in the mouse carotid body to investigate the metabolic features of the chief cell as a paraneuron. 3H-leucine-derived radioactivity representing recently synthesized peptides was demonstrated in all kinds of cells in the carotid body and surrounding area. The chief cell was less radioactive than the nerve cell in the superior cervical ganglion. In the electron microscope autoradiography, no accumulation of radioactivity could be demonstrated either in the Golgi area of the chief cell, where the membrane-bound particles were probably formed, nor in the periphery of the cells, where they were stored before their release. Incorporation of 3H-dopa-derived radioactivity representing recently synthesized catecholamines was specific to the chief cell, mast cell, and nerve cell in the superior cervical ganglion. In the chief cell the distribution of radioactivity was roughly identical with that of the large dense-cored vesicles. Striking accumulations of 3H-dopamine-derived radioactivity were demonstrated in the adrenergic nerve terminals in the perivascular space and the glomus complexes of the carotid body. Not all of the chief cells incorporated the 3H-dopamine-derived radioactivity. 3H-ATP derived radioactivity was demonstrated in all kinds of cells in the carotid body and surrounding tissues. In the chief cell, as in other kinds of cells, the highest radioactivity was seen in the nucleus. The present results suggest that, if the large dense-cored vike those membrane-bound particles in other paraneurons, contain peptides, monoamines and ATP, the turnover of these products as secretory materials is much slower in this cell than in such endocrine paraneurons as adrenal chromaffin cells and gut endocrine cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021015"}
{"pmid": "1021017", "title": "On the periodically aggregated particles on the fracture face of the cochlear hair cell.", "content": "On the periodically aggregated particles on the fracture face of the cochlear hair cell. By means of the freeze-fracture technique, the membrane specialization of the cochlear hair cell of guinea pigs was studied. Periodically aggregated particles were revealed on the PF face of the plasma membrane of the outer hair cell. The particles were around 12 nm in diameter and 10 to 17 nm in center-to-center spacing. Their arragement was hexagonal, orthogonal or parallel. Possible involvement of this structure in the electrical excitability of the membrane was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021017"}
{"pmid": "1021018", "title": "Intercellular secretory canaliculi in the feline laryngeal gland.", "content": "Intercellular secretory canaliculi in the feline laryngeal gland. Laryngeal glands of adult cats were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Intercellular secretory canaliculi in the gland were an arborized system of capillaries extended among acinar cells, and their stem or collecting canaliculus opened to the gland lumen. The inner surface of the canaliculi was provided with small globular microvili. The canaliculi in the laryngeal gland resembled the hepatic bile capillaries in lower vertebrates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021018"}
{"pmid": "1020982", "title": "Aetiology of sarcoidosis.", "content": "Aetiology of sarcoidosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1020982"}
{"pmid": "1021043", "title": "Taxonomical relationships Klebsiella-Enterobacter investigated by means of phage-bacteria systems.", "content": "Taxonomical relationships Klebsiella-Enterobacter investigated by means of phage-bacteria systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021043"}
{"pmid": "1021042", "title": "Modifications in the epidemiological evolution of some serotypes of Salmonella.", "content": "Modifications in the epidemiological evolution of some serotypes of Salmonella.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021042"}
{"pmid": "1021044", "title": "Unusual and new Leptospira hebdomadis serotypes isolated from wild small rodents in Romania.", "content": "Unusual and new Leptospira hebdomadis serotypes isolated from wild small rodents in Romania.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021044"}
{"pmid": "1021045", "title": "The fine structure of Toxoplasma gondii endozoids. The existence of an endocytosis mechanism.", "content": "The fine structure of Toxoplasma gondii endozoids. The existence of an endocytosis mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021045"}
{"pmid": "1021046", "title": "Toxoplasma gondii--host cell interaction. Ultrastructural aspects of the parasite penetration mechanism.", "content": "Toxoplasma gondii--host cell interaction. Ultrastructural aspects of the parasite penetration mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021046"}
{"pmid": "1021047", "title": "Temperature-sensitive mutant of a tetracycline resistance staphylococcal plasmid.", "content": "Temperature-sensitive mutant of a tetracycline resistance staphylococcal plasmid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021047"}
{"pmid": "1021071", "title": "Fourteen year cardiological follow-up of patients with initially known livels of low density lipoproteins. II. Correlation between high serum levels of low density lipoproteins and early death from myocardial infarction.", "content": "Fourteen year cardiological follow-up of patients with initially known livels of low density lipoproteins. II. Correlation between high serum levels of low density lipoproteins and early death from myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021071"}
{"pmid": "1021075", "title": "Conotruncal syndromes: anatomo-pathological characterization.", "content": "Conotruncal syndromes: anatomo-pathological characterization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021075"}
{"pmid": "1021079", "title": "The endocrinologist--what is his role.", "content": "The endocrinologist--what is his role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021079"}
{"pmid": "1021080", "title": "Hormones in therapy: an overview.", "content": "Hormones in therapy: an overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021080"}
{"pmid": "1021081", "title": "Drugs which cause diabetes.", "content": "Drugs which cause diabetes. It is clear from this review that a number of drugs, some of them in widespread use, may have as a side effect a diabetogenic action. Whether this effort occurs when there is no underlying genetic predisposition to diabetes is, at this stage in our knowledge, hard to determine. However, at a time when the incidence of diabetes mellitus is rising steadily in our community, any potential cause for even a proportion of such cases must be seriously considered. Whether at some stage in the future it will be possible to determine either on a genetic profile, or on a pharmacological profile those patients who are likely to develop such side effects, is yet to be seen. Meanwhile, a constant vigilance towards our patients treated with these drugs is required, and a readiness on the part of the physician to arrange the appropriate investigations, and where necessary to rearrange therapy, is essential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021081"}
{"pmid": "1021083", "title": "Insulin --- problems and syringes.", "content": "Insulin --- problems and syringes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021083"}
{"pmid": "1021084", "title": "The thorough overhaul.", "content": "The thorough overhaul.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021084"}
{"pmid": "1021082", "title": "The problem of hirsutism in women.", "content": "The problem of hirsutism in women. Women commonly complain of excess facial or body hair. There are generally no other abnormal physical findings and the relevance of other symptoms, especially those related to the menstrual cycle, may be unclear. The theme of androgen excess provides an explanation for the sign and various symptoms, and suggests certain pathology. Rational therapy can be based on and understanding of the hormonal processes involved in the development of secondary sexual hair. Treatment of simple hirsutism is well tolerated even in prolonged courses, and in most cases produces a satisfactory cosmetric result.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021082"}
{"pmid": "1021085", "title": "Examination of some processing methods for freezing boar semen.", "content": "Examination of some processing methods for freezing boar semen. Five experiments were conducted to examine the effect of processing methods and diluents on survival and morphology of boar spermatozoa after freezing. Post-thawing survival of spermatozoa was better for Beltsville-F3 (BF3) than for tris-fructose-EDTA freezing diluent when the seminal plasma and glycerol were removed prior to freezing (method A). Both freezing diluents yielded similar viability results when the spermatozoa were frozen in the presence of siminal plasma and glycerol (method B). Viability of spermatozoa after thawing was better when glycerol concentration in the prefreezing diluent (method A) or in the freezing medium (method B) was 2-5 and 5-0 rather than 7-5%. Cooling of diluted semen to 5 degrees C beyond 4 h decreased the post-thawing survival of spermatozoa. The proportion of spermatozoa with undamaged acrosomes after processing and thawing by different methods was indistinguishable and relatively low. When the semen was frozen at cell concentrations ranging from 0-25 to 2-0 X 10(9)/ml, the viability of spermatozoa declined with increasing concentration following freezing in BF3, and S-1 diluents. Viability results were very similar for all cell concentrations examined when tris-fructose-EDTA diluent was used, indicating the possibility of freezing boar semen in a concentrated state.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021085"}
{"pmid": "1021086", "title": "Fertility test of frozen boar semen.", "content": "Fertility test of frozen boar semen. The fertility results of two experiments are presented. In experiment 1, the semen was frozen in tris-fructose-EDTA or BF3 diluents at 0-25 X 10(9)/ml sperm concentration and extended after thawing with either seminal plasma (SP) or the freezing medium (FM) containing no cryoprotective agent. In the second experiment the semen was glycerolated by two methods, frozen at 1-0 X 10(9)/ml sperm concentration, and extended wtih FM before insemination. Fertility after double insemination within one oestrus with semen frozen in tris-fructose-EDTA or BF3 diluents varied depending on the medium used for extension of thawed semen. The farrowing rates for semen frozen in the former diluent with FM and SP post-thawing media were 4/8 and 1/8 respectively, and for semen frozen BF3 diluent with FM and SP post-thawing extenders 1/8 and 5/8. The mean farrowing for the 32 animals inseminasted was 34-4%. Pregnancies for semen frozen in tris-fructose-EDTA and glycerolated at 30 or 5 degrees C were 5/12 and 4/12 respectively, and for single and double inseminations 6/12 and 3/12 respectively. Of 24 animals inseminated 37-5% farrowed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021086"}
{"pmid": "1021087", "title": "Effects of semi-starvation on the total body composition and absorptive function of the small intestine of the young adult female rat.", "content": "Effects of semi-starvation on the total body composition and absorptive function of the small intestine of the young adult female rat. Sixteen female rats aged about 80 days and with a mean body weight of 175 g were fed 40% of their ad libitum intake of a laboratory chow. They were killed and analysed for water, protein, lipid and ash after 9, 21-5, 30-2 and 38-8% of body weight had been lost. Compared to a control group of four animals, the 38-8% group lost 13 g or 34% of their protein. The animals in the 21-5, 30-2 and 38-8% groups lost 7-5 g or 87% of their lipid leaving only 1-1 g of lipid. The percentage protein in the body was little affected by body weight loss but lipid decreased from 5 to 1%. In another experiment with 26 rats of 205 g mean body weight and aged about 115 days, absorption rates by the small intestine were measured in vivo after variable weight losses between 0 and 39%. D(+)-Glucose uptake was increased by about 70% in those animals which had lost only 5% of body weight and this increased uptake was retained in those rats which had lost up to 39% of body weight. The absorption of L-leucine was not affected by the decline in body weight compared to the controls but relative to body weight, the ability of the intestine to absorb increased. In the same animals, the wet and dry weights of the small intestine declined slightly faster than body weight and the length of the small intestine tended to decrease slightly with increasing loss of body weight.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021087"}
{"pmid": "1021088", "title": "Effect of electrical stimulation of the vagus nerves on bile secretion in Anaesthetized sheep.", "content": "Effect of electrical stimulation of the vagus nerves on bile secretion in Anaesthetized sheep. Bile was collected before and during electrical stimulation of the vagus nerves in acute experiments on sheep with ligated cystic ducts. Most stimuli caused no change in bile formation, but a 10-V, 10-Hz stimulus caused a slight increase in bicarbonate output. Neither the response to infused secretin nor the maximum rate of bile salt transport by liver cells changed during vagal stimulation. It was concluded that the vagal innervation of the liver is not likely to play a major role in the regulation of bile formation in sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021088"}
{"pmid": "1021089", "title": "The relation between Z--disk lattice spacing and sarcomere length in sartorius muscle fibres from Hyla cerulea.", "content": "The relation between Z--disk lattice spacing and sarcomere length in sartorius muscle fibres from Hyla cerulea. Sartorius muscles from the green tree frog Hyla cerulea were set at variety of muscle lengths and fixed for electron microscopy using acrolein followed by osmium tetroxide. The sarcomere length, s, was determined in thick sections using laser-diffraction. The Z-disk lattice spacing, z, was measured in electron micrographs of thin sections from the same muscles. The Z-disk lattice was found to expand as sarcomere length decreased such that the quantity sz2 was constant at 1-05 X 10(6) nm3 for all sarcomere lengths in the range 1-9-2-9 mum. Thus, the sarcomere length dependency of the Z-disk lattice is similar to that of the myosin filament lattice. The density of thin filaments per unit cross section of fibril leaving the Z-disk is less than their density in the A band. Thus, fibrils have a smaller cross section in the I band, leaving more inter-fibrillar space there. This may explain why more mitochondria and lipid droplets are located in the I bands than in the A bands. It is suggested that the Z-disk may contributed to the short range elasticity of muscle fibres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021089"}
{"pmid": "1021090", "title": "Eperythrozoon ovis: the difference in carbohydrate metabolism between infected and uninfected sheep erythrocytes.", "content": "Eperythrozoon ovis: the difference in carbohydrate metabolism between infected and uninfected sheep erythrocytes. The glucose utilization lactic and pyruvic acid production and oxygen uptake of normal and Eperythrozoon ovis infected sheep erythrocytes were measured under aerobic conditions. Infected cells showed marded increases in both glucose utilization and acid production as compared with controls. Uninfected erythocyte samples which included a percentage of reticulocytes comparable to that found in E. ovis infection showed no apparent difference in glucose utilization and lactic acid production form the normal control erythrocytes, although considerable increases in the oxygen uptake were recorded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021090"}
{"pmid": "1021091", "title": "The influence of adrenergic nerves of the response of blood vessels in the rabbit ear to 2--phenylalanine-8-lysine vasopressin (Octapressin).", "content": "The influence of adrenergic nerves of the response of blood vessels in the rabbit ear to 2--phenylalanine-8-lysine vasopressin (Octapressin). The blood vessels in the rabbit ear have been used to investigate the effects of octapressin on vascular smooth muscle. Continuous administration of this drug resulted in tachphlatis. Cocaine enhanced the response of the ear to octapressin; however, this potentiation was not evident when phentolamine was concurrently added to the perfusate. Denervation and reserpinisation of the ear also eliminated the potentiation of octapressin's response by cocaine. The results suggest that there is a small, indirect sympathomimetic component involved in octapressin's action on the vasculature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021091"}
{"pmid": "1021092", "title": "Prostaglandin in the saliva of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus.", "content": "Prostaglandin in the saliva of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. Previous studies of saliva from engorged female cattle ticks revealed a component which induced contration of some isolated smooth muscles. Fractionation and further characterisation have shown that this substance is of the \"slow-reacting\" type, but that it is neither a bradykinin nor slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis. The substance is deactivated by incubation with 15-hydroxprostaglandin dehydrogenase and its pharmacological properties also support its classification as a prostaglandin. A second pharmacologically-active component has now been found in the saliva but has not yet been characterised.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021092"}
{"pmid": "1021093", "title": "Ord River arboviruses--serological epidemiology.", "content": "Ord River arboviruses--serological epidemiology. This paper presents the results of haemagglutination-inhibition tests carried out on sera from 441 persons, 1,080 cattle and 335 birds in the Kimberley area. Two Alphaviruses (group A) (Ross River and Sindbis) and one Flavivirus (Murray Valley Encephalitis) were used for the preparation of haemagglutinins in the haemagglutination-inhibition tests. The tests showed a high percentage of antibody of Murray Valley Encephalitis in humans, birds and cattle, with an obvious focus of infection in the study site when cattle sera from different geographic areas were compared. These results are discussed in relation to the evolution and ecology of arboviruses in the Ord River area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021093"}
{"pmid": "1021094", "title": "Childhood accidents.", "content": "Childhood accidents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021094"}
{"pmid": "1021095", "title": "Familial juvenile nephronophthisis: report of a case including microdissection studies.", "content": "Familial juvenile nephronophthisis: report of a case including microdissection studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021095"}
{"pmid": "1021096", "title": "Assessing obstructive airways disease in children. Which test is best?", "content": "Assessing obstructive airways disease in children. Which test is best?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021096"}
{"pmid": "1021097", "title": "Ventilatory disturbance in children with obstructive lung disease.", "content": "Ventilatory disturbance in children with obstructive lung disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021097"}
{"pmid": "1021098", "title": "The problem asthmatic: some significant perinatal factors.", "content": "The problem asthmatic: some significant perinatal factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021098"}
{"pmid": "1021099", "title": "Facts and fallacies in a sociological study of asthma.", "content": "Facts and fallacies in a sociological study of asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021099"}
{"pmid": "1021100", "title": "A 20-year follow-up of children with a partial thoracic stomach (hiatal hernia).", "content": "A 20-year follow-up of children with a partial thoracic stomach (hiatal hernia).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021100"}
{"pmid": "1021101", "title": "Comment on the diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism in Australia.", "content": "Comment on the diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021101"}
{"pmid": "1021102", "title": "Autoantibodies, immunoglobulins and hepatitis B antigen in children with chronic liver disease.", "content": "Autoantibodies, immunoglobulins and hepatitis B antigen in children with chronic liver disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021102"}
{"pmid": "1021103", "title": "Tasmanian infant feeding survey, 1974.", "content": "Tasmanian infant feeding survey, 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021103"}
{"pmid": "1021104", "title": "Nutrition: a problem for paediatricians.", "content": "Nutrition: a problem for paediatricians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021104"}
{"pmid": "1021105", "title": "Undernutrition in the midst of plenty: nutritional problems of young Australian aborigines.", "content": "Undernutrition in the midst of plenty: nutritional problems of young Australian aborigines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021105"}
{"pmid": "1021106", "title": "Some shortcomings in human nutrition in Australia.", "content": "Some shortcomings in human nutrition in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021106"}
{"pmid": "1021107", "title": "Nutrition: a problem for more than paediatricians.", "content": "Nutrition: a problem for more than paediatricians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021107"}
{"pmid": "1021108", "title": "Some unanswered questions about childhood obesity.", "content": "Some unanswered questions about childhood obesity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021108"}
{"pmid": "1021109", "title": "The role of wild animals in the spread of exotic diseases in Australia.", "content": "The role of wild animals in the spread of exotic diseases in Australia. The distributions of the following feral animals are given -- cattle, buffalo, pig, goat, deer, camel, horse, donkey, fox, dog and cat -- and the native dingo. The possible role these and the native rodents, marsupials and monotremes would play should an exotic disease of livestock enter Australia is discussed. It is considered that feral animals would be important in creating foci from which the disease would spread.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021109"}
{"pmid": "1021110", "title": "Relationships between heart score, heart weight and body weight in Greyhound dogs.", "content": "Relationships between heart score, heart weight and body weight in Greyhound dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between heart score (mean QRS interval), heart weight and body weight in Greyhound dogs. Highly significant correlations between these measurements have been observed and distinct sex differences have been demonstrated. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that 66% of the variation in heart weight was due to variation in heart score and body weight. From the regression analysis, a formula for heart weight prediction with a standard deviation of 27.1 g was derived. The implications of these findings have been discussed briefly and emphasis has been placed on the need for good electrocardiographic technique, if the procedures outlined are to be used successfully. The positive correlation between heart score and heart size demonstrated here in Greyhounds is in accord with similar correlations reported previously in racehorses and human athletes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021110"}
{"pmid": "1021111", "title": "Artificial insemination of beef cattle.", "content": "Artificial insemination of beef cattle. A system for the artificial insemination fo beef cattle was described. The system involved preparation of the cattle and facilities, visual oestrous detection twice a day, drafting each morning and insemination of oestrous cows twice a day. The AI program was evaluated during the course of the program and at pregnancy test 35 to 90 days after the end of the insemination period. The insemination period was from 25 to 60 days depending on efficiency, with programs from 25 to 35 days being favoured. Results for 12218 first inseminations (65.9%) and 2222 second inseminations (57.8%) in 56 AI programs compared favourably with results in dairy AI. Pregnancy rates in lactating cows (70.5%) were significantly higher than in nonlactating cows and heifers (66.1%). Overall efficiency of well-managed AI programs were represented by 63% of cows put into a program becoming pregnant in a 29-day insemination period. Seventy-two per cent of the cows put into the program were inseminated yielding an 88% pregnancy rate. The efficiency of visual oestrous detection was 95% but this estimate did not include false positives. Efficiency of AI programs were effected by management, nutrition, infection, inseminators, facilities and the origin and type of cattle put into a program. Environmental factors such as handling, stress and thunderstorms did not effect efficiency except via a nutritional effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021111"}
{"pmid": "1021112", "title": "A survey of dystocia in beef cattle in Southern Queensland.", "content": "A survey of dystocia in beef cattle in Southern Queensland. Data relating to dystocia were obtained for 22% of beef herds in the Roma region of southern Queensland. In 1973 dystocia incidence in 23,129 maiden heifers was 12%; 4% of heifers and 7% of calves died. Thirty-five per cent of the 444 herds surveyed had more than a 10% incidence of dystocia, and 10% had more than a 30% incidence of dystocia. Only 6% of herds had no dystocia. Among the 73% of producers considering dystocia a problem in most years, 14% regarded it as a major problem. The incidence of dystocia in heifers was significantly higher in Poll Hereford than Hereford herds, which in turn were higher than other breeds of cattle. Poll Hereford and Hereford owners were the most concerned about dystocia but did not supervise calving more frequently. Dystocia and attitude were also examined in relation to degree of supervision at calving and size of the breeding herd.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021112"}
{"pmid": "1021113", "title": "An investigation into hindleg lameness in dairy cows.", "content": "An investigation into hindleg lameness in dairy cows. A hind leg lameness of dairy cows was investigated in south-east Queensland. Samples of bone, blood, saliva, faeces, urine and milk were collected from lame and normal cows, some of which had received a phosphorus supplement of 30 g per day. Results of these investigations are presented and discussed. Clinical observations and pathological examinations indicated that the disease was an arthropathy affecting either the coxo-femoral or femoro-tibial joints. The disease was present in 30% of herds surveyed. Each owner reported 2 to 3 lame cows. The affected cows could not be differentiated from the normal cows on biochemical grounds. An hypothesis is advanced to explain the reported response of lame animals to large supplements of phosphorus. Information which indicates that previous nutritional status and methods of production cannot be ignored as predisposing factors is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021113"}
{"pmid": "1021114", "title": "Field trials with lyophilised herpesvirus of turkeys vaccine against Marek's disease in layer and broiler rearing flocks.", "content": "Field trials with lyophilised herpesvirus of turkeys vaccine against Marek's disease in layer and broiler rearing flocks. The safety and immunogenicity of commercial lyophilised herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) vaccine against Marek's disease (MD) was evaluated in 19 field trials involving 76,848 vaccinated and 87,590 control chickens. In the first series of 11 trials involving one commercial vaccine at a dose of 536 plaque forming units (PFU) there was a significant reduction in the incidence of MD (P less than 0.001) and in total mortality (P less than 0.001) from 0 to 18 weeks due to vaccination and the overall protection was 85.2%. In the second series of eight trials involving another commercial vaccine at a dose range of 1360 to 1900 PFU there was a significant reduction in the incidence of MD (P less than 0.001) from 0 to 18 weeks of age due to vaccination. The overall protection was 77.8%. In both series there was a significant difference in MD mortality between meat breeders and crossbred pullets (P less than 0.005) in response to vaccination. There was also a significant difference in total mortality from 0-6 weeks of age between the two series suggesting either differences in response to the two vaccines or differences in the vaccination technique. In a number of trials the incidence of MD was low in the controls, however, where MD incidence was above 2% in the controls protection usually exceeded 80%. It was concluded the vaccines were safe and efficacious and the degree of protection was comparable to that obtained by HVT vaccines described in other countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021114"}
{"pmid": "1021115", "title": "The influence of severe weight loss in cattle on plasma constituents used in diagnosis.", "content": "The influence of severe weight loss in cattle on plasma constituents used in diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021115"}
{"pmid": "1021116", "title": "Supply and demand for veterinarians and the future in Australia.", "content": "Supply and demand for veterinarians and the future in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021116"}
{"pmid": "1021117", "title": "The isolation of D'Aguilar virus from a cow.", "content": "The isolation of D'Aguilar virus from a cow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021117"}
{"pmid": "1021119", "title": "Kerosene pneumonia--its incidence in Perth and case history of a recent fatality.", "content": "Kerosene pneumonia--its incidence in Perth and case history of a recent fatality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021119"}
{"pmid": "1021118", "title": "\"Computed cranial tomography in the investigation of acoustic neurilemmomas.\".", "content": "\"Computed cranial tomography in the investigation of acoustic neurilemmomas.\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021118"}
{"pmid": "1021121", "title": "Colonic juvenile polyps in a family.", "content": "Colonic juvenile polyps in a family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021121"}
{"pmid": "1021120", "title": "Radioisotope perfusion and ventilation studies in bronchial hilar neoplasia.", "content": "Radioisotope perfusion and ventilation studies in bronchial hilar neoplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021120"}
{"pmid": "1021122", "title": "P.T.C.--Luck--8/3 pir3.", "content": "P.T.C.--Luck--8/3 pir3.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021122"}
{"pmid": "1021123", "title": "Ultrasound and the missing loop.", "content": "Ultrasound and the missing loop.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021123"}
{"pmid": "1021124", "title": "Pelvi-ureteric obstruction in children.", "content": "Pelvi-ureteric obstruction in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021124"}
{"pmid": "1021125", "title": "3 case reports of posterior urethral valves with varied presentations.", "content": "3 case reports of posterior urethral valves with varied presentations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021125"}
{"pmid": "1021126", "title": "Angiographic findings in diaphragmatic rupture.", "content": "Angiographic findings in diaphragmatic rupture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021126"}
{"pmid": "1021128", "title": "Achondrogenesis: a clinical and radiological report.", "content": "Achondrogenesis: a clinical and radiological report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021128"}
{"pmid": "1021127", "title": "Spondylo-metaphyseal dysplasias (report of a case of common type and three pairs of siblings of new varieties).", "content": "Spondylo-metaphyseal dysplasias (report of a case of common type and three pairs of siblings of new varieties).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021127"}
{"pmid": "1021129", "title": "A case of spinal arteriovenous malformation. The value of selective spinal angiography in its management.", "content": "A case of spinal arteriovenous malformation. The value of selective spinal angiography in its management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021129"}
{"pmid": "1021130", "title": "Weismann-Netter syndrome (toxopachyostéose diaphysaire tibio-péronière).", "content": "Weismann-Netter syndrome (toxopachyostéose diaphysaire tibio-péronière).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021130"}
{"pmid": "1021131", "title": "Doses received in finger-tips by persons working in a nuclear medicine centre.", "content": "Doses received in finger-tips by persons working in a nuclear medicine centre.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021131"}
{"pmid": "1021132", "title": "The study of dose distribution in radiotherapy using three types of thermoluminescent dosimeters.", "content": "The study of dose distribution in radiotherapy using three types of thermoluminescent dosimeters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021132"}
{"pmid": "1021133", "title": "Computer-based auditing in a radiological department.", "content": "Computer-based auditing in a radiological department.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021133"}
{"pmid": "1021134", "title": "The saving of silver.", "content": "The saving of silver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021134"}
{"pmid": "1021135", "title": "Variation of exposure rate with field size.", "content": "Variation of exposure rate with field size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021135"}
{"pmid": "1021136", "title": "Dosimetric considerations for the proposed usage of 125I sodium iodide in thyrotoxic patients presenting with and without hot autonomous nodule/s.", "content": "Dosimetric considerations for the proposed usage of 125I sodium iodide in thyrotoxic patients presenting with and without hot autonomous nodule/s.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021136"}
{"pmid": "1021137", "title": "Some aspects of reproduction in fat-tailed sheep in the subtropics V. Seasonal variation in sexual desire and semen characteristics.", "content": "Some aspects of reproduction in fat-tailed sheep in the subtropics V. Seasonal variation in sexual desire and semen characteristics. The seasonal variations in sexual desire and semen characteristics were studied in five 1.5 to 2.5 years young and five mature (4 to 5 years old) fat-tailed Ausimi rams. The sexual desire was assessed according to the \"reaction time\" (period between initiation of the ram and the semen delivery into the artificial vagina): the sperm quality was assessed with the usual parameters. Although the breeding ability of the rams was continuous throughout the year, the sperm density was highest in the summer (due to long daylight periods). On the other hand the sexual desire and semen volumen reached their peak during the autumn. This and other results denote that the complex environmental factors controlling sexual activity exhibit different seasonal effects on different parts of the male reproductive system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021137"}
{"pmid": "1021138", "title": "Productive and reproductive adaptations of Friesian cattle introduced to a suptropical environment.", "content": "Productive and reproductive adaptations of Friesian cattle introduced to a suptropical environment. Various parameters were studied in imported and in local female cattle under the conditions in Iraq. The following results were obtained: The age at the first calving was lower in the animals imported in 1964 and 1965 than in the locally born cows. The age at the first calving in the daughter cows of the imported animals increased significantly by 1.6 months per year. The calving interval and the duration of the post-partum periods were longer in imported dams than in daughter cows. The gestation period was shorter in the imported dams than in the daughter cows. The lactation length and the dry period were longer in the imported dams than in their locally born daughters. The percentage of calves born during the life of all recorded cows in the studied herd was higher in the imported dams.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021138"}
{"pmid": "1021154", "title": "Polymer structure and blood compatibility evaluation - application of an acrylonitrile copolymer.", "content": "Polymer structure and blood compatibility evaluation - application of an acrylonitrile copolymer. An acrylonitrile-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer has been synthesised by a straightforward procedure. The cationic nature of the copolymer permits ready attachement of heparin and reaction of the copolymer with ethylene oxide gas allows a controlled alteration in chemical structure. These featues of the copolymer are discussed with respect to the influence of polymer properties on blood compatibility as exemplified by blood platelet retention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021154"}
{"pmid": "1021155", "title": "Animal experiments with biogalvanic and biofuel cells.", "content": "Animal experiments with biogalvanic and biofuel cells. Animal experiments with biogalvanic cells have demonstrated that an average power of 80 muW can be derived continously for at least 2 years. There is a further scope to stabilize the power at 100 muW for considerable longer periods so that the chances of cardiac pacing with biogalvanic power have become bright. However, large scale efforts are necessary in in establishing the statistical reliability and the secured performance which are expensive and time consuming. Animal experiments with biofuel cells are still in preliminary stages. We derived a continous power of 40 muW (4MUW/cm2) at 575 mV over 150 days so far. This is the longest recorded period with such a high power density. The main problem in deriving higher power over longer period is to properly encapsulate the cell with materials which are hydrophilic and essentially biocompatible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021155"}
{"pmid": "1021157", "title": "Development of a pulsatile blood pump.", "content": "Development of a pulsatile blood pump. A new type of pulsatile roller pump is described. The pressure and flow characteristics and the wave forms generated by the pump together with the hemolysis measurements for different pumping parameters are presented and a comparison with a standard roller pump is made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021157"}
{"pmid": "1021156", "title": "Lindholm blood coagulation test values of some glow-discharge polymer surfaces.", "content": "Lindholm blood coagulation test values of some glow-discharge polymer surfaces. An ultrathin layer (approximately 500A) of glow-discharge polymer that is strongly bonded to a polymer film substrate can be sued to modify the blood compatibility of the polymer surface. Glow-discharge polymers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexamethyldisiloxane, ethylene-N2, and allene-N2-H20 were deposited onto Mylar film and subjected to Lindholm whole blood coagulation tests. Lindholm tests were performed in a manner that permitted statistical analysis. This was done by repeating the preparation of samples as well as the coagulation tests a number of times. Results showed that Lindholm tests values were useful in obtaining information pertinent to compatibility of surfaces with fresh human blood and to reproducibility of sample preparation by glow-discharge polymerization. The study also revealed that glow-discharge polymerization is a promising method to impart blood compatibility without altering other bulk properties of substrate polymers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021156"}
{"pmid": "1021158", "title": "Blood components deposited on used and reused dialysis membranes.", "content": "Blood components deposited on used and reused dialysis membranes. Hemodialysis cartridges used once and reused once or twice were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Blood deposits consisting of leukocytes, platelets, and amorphous material covered 15 to 25% of the dialysis membrane surface of cartridges used once. This deposit increased somewhat with cartridge reuse but did not appear to impair the dialysis efficiency of membranes significantly. Leukocytes formed a major part of the blood deposit and spreading of these cells upon dialysis membranes was marked. Single and aggregated platelets were adherent to the dialysis membranes, to leukocytes, and to amorphous debris. Few erythrocytes were present, and fibrin was not identified. There was little evidence for build up or layering of the blood deposit with cartridge reuse. The procedures for dialysis  cartridge rinsing used in these studies appear to be highly efficient in removal of adherent blood components.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021158"}
{"pmid": "1021159", "title": "The rabbit ear chamber: a unique in vivo model for the continuous observation of implanted biomaterials.", "content": "The rabbit ear chamber: a unique in vivo model for the continuous observation of implanted biomaterials. The rabbit ear chamber provides a unique system for viewing an in vivo environment from outside the body. The plastic chamber, modified for our use, is described. Once surgically implanted into the ear of a Laboratory Lop rabbit, a thin tissue bed which grows between the layers of the chamber can be viewed through the microscope. The absorption of biomaterials placed into the chamber can then be observed as a dynamic process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021159"}
{"pmid": "1021161", "title": "Non-polarographic blood gas analysis I. In virtro evaluation of gas chromatograph system.", "content": "Non-polarographic blood gas analysis I. In virtro evaluation of gas chromatograph system. A new system providing near continuous arterial p02 and pCO2 measurements without requiring blood samples is described. Based on intra-arterial placement of a closed-tipped 2F catheter with gas chromatographic separation and analysis this system appears capable of providing rapid sensitive data with accuracy and precision equivalent to conventional bench analyzers. The initial in vitro experiments are discussed including flow and temperature dependency studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021161"}
{"pmid": "1021160", "title": "Sub-total versus partial circulatory bypass of the left heart: a critical review.", "content": "Sub-total versus partial circulatory bypass of the left heart: a critical review. A number of systems for left heart bypass have been described for short, or long-term circulatory support in animals and in man. Critical to the interpretation of these restuls and to the design of new system is the proportion of left ventricular inflow destined for ejection which is diverted through the apparatus, to that expelled through the aortic valve, and the effect which this fraction might have on the failing heart and the rest of the body. It is the purpose of this communication to review the experimental and theoretical data in support of partial, as opposed to subtotal, left heart bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021160"}
{"pmid": "1021176", "title": "A summary of the present status of CEA in diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of therapy of colonic cancer.", "content": "A summary of the present status of CEA in diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of therapy of colonic cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021176"}
{"pmid": "1021177", "title": "Clinical aspects of the CEA test.", "content": "Clinical aspects of the CEA test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021177"}
{"pmid": "1021179", "title": "CEA assay in the follow-up of patients with extra-gastrointestinal malignancies.", "content": "CEA assay in the follow-up of patients with extra-gastrointestinal malignancies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021179"}
{"pmid": "1021185", "title": "Significance of CEA determinations in patients with cancer of the colon-rectum and the mammary gland in comparison to physiological states in connection with pregnancy.", "content": "Significance of CEA determinations in patients with cancer of the colon-rectum and the mammary gland in comparison to physiological states in connection with pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021185"}
{"pmid": "1021189", "title": "A comparison of CEA-S and CEA concentrations in sera and the independence of CEA-S, NCA and blood group antigens.", "content": "A comparison of CEA-S and CEA concentrations in sera and the independence of CEA-S, NCA and blood group antigens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021189"}
{"pmid": "1021204", "title": "Exorcism, possession, and the Dracula cult: a synopsis of object-relations psychology.", "content": "Exorcism, possession, and the Dracula cult: a synopsis of object-relations psychology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021204"}
{"pmid": "1021205", "title": "Symptom substitution.", "content": "Symptom substitution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021205"}
{"pmid": "1021206", "title": "Clinical relevance of the boundary functions of language.", "content": "Clinical relevance of the boundary functions of language.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021206"}
{"pmid": "1021207", "title": "Preconscious awareness of impending death: an addendum.", "content": "Preconscious awareness of impending death: an addendum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021207"}
{"pmid": "1021208", "title": "The anatomy of dependence. By Takeo Doi, M.D.: a discussion.", "content": "The anatomy of dependence. By Takeo Doi, M.D.: a discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021208"}
{"pmid": "1021197", "title": "The influence of CEA-S from different tumors and of CEA as 125I ligands on the specificity of the CEA-S radioimmunoassay.", "content": "The influence of CEA-S from different tumors and of CEA as 125I ligands on the specificity of the CEA-S radioimmunoassay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021197"}
{"pmid": "1021209", "title": "Naming: a measure of relationships in a ward milieu.", "content": "Naming: a measure of relationships in a ward milieu.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021209"}
{"pmid": "1021196", "title": "New developments in the domain of prognosis and diagnosis. Introduction.", "content": "New developments in the domain of prognosis and diagnosis. Introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021196"}
{"pmid": "1021217", "title": "Arterial bifurcation flows--effects of flow rate and area ratio.", "content": "Arterial bifurcation flows--effects of flow rate and area ratio. Velocity profiles and surface shear rates, for three model symmetrical bifurcations made of glass from dimensions based on the arterial system, were investigated. The models studied had area ratios of 0.75, 1.02, and 1.29, with a common included angle of 75 degrees. Area ratio and parent tube flow rate were the two independent variables evaluated. Measurements were made with a tracer particle technique using cinephotography. Velocity profiles had their highest values on the inside, and lowest values on the outside, of the branch. Flow symmetry existed in the plane perpendicular to the plane of the bifurcation. Surface shear rates remained well above the daughter-tube developed values, between two and six diameters downstream from the carina. Shear rates below the daughter-tube developed value were found on the outside wall between the carina and two daughter-tube diameters downstream. Vortex-like flow was absent in this region for the 0.75 area ratio branch and was found above 900 Reynolds number in the 1.29 area ratio branch. The disturbed flow described by others in this region may not contain vortex-like streamlines for the physiologically important 0.75 area ratio.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021217"}
{"pmid": "1021216", "title": "Effect of adrenaline on insulin secretion in rats treated chronically with adrenaline.", "content": "Effect of adrenaline on insulin secretion in rats treated chronically with adrenaline. To determine whether rats could adapt to a chronic exogenous supply of adrenaline by a decrease in the well-known inhibitory effect of adrenaline on insulin secretion, plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured in unanesthetized control and adrenaline-treated rats (300 mug/kg twice a day for 28 days) during an adrenaline infusion (0.75 mug kg-1 min-1), after an acute glucose load (0.5 g/kg), and during the simultaneous administration of both agents. Chronic treatment with adrenaline did not modify the initial glucose levels but it greatly diminished the basal insulin values (21.57+/-2.48 vs. 44.69+/-3.3muU/ml, p less than 0.01). In the control rats, despite the elevated glucose concentrations, a significant drop in plasma insulin levels was observed within the first 15 min of adrenaline infusion, followed by a period of recovery. In the adrenaline-treated group, in which plasma glucose levels were lower than in control animals, plasma insulin levels did not drop as in control rats, but a significant increase was found after 30 min of infusion. During the intravenous glucose tolerance test, the plasma glucose and insulin responses showed similar patterns; however, during the concomitant adrenaline infusion, the treated rats showed a better glucose tolerance than their controls. These results indicate that rats chronically treated with adrenaline adapt to the diabetogenic effect of an infusion of adrenaline by have a lower inhibition of insulin release, although the lower basal insulin levels may indicate a greater sensitivity to endogenous insulin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021216"}
{"pmid": "1021218", "title": "Light and dark smooth muscle cells in estrogen-stimulated rat myometrium.", "content": "Light and dark smooth muscle cells in estrogen-stimulated rat myometrium. Smooth muscle cells of different densities to transmission of electrons (termed light and dark cells) were found in rat myometrium examined in the electron microscope following fixation by immersion in glutaraldehyde. Light cells accounted for about 4% of the total population of cells. No light cells were found in tissues fixed in situ by intraarterial perfusion with glutaraldehyde. In addition to staining differences, light cells were distinguished from most dark cells by differences in nuclear, mitochondrial, endoplasmic reticular, and surface structures. The relative number of light and dark cells after in vitro fixation was not changed in tissues relaxed with adrenaline or contracted with oxytocin. Mechanical injury resulted in increased numbers of light cells. Similarly, chemical injury with metabolic inhibitors resulted in ATP depletion, followed by increased numbers of light cells and gain in water content. We concluded that light cells were produced by mechanical or metabolic damage, leading to loss of volume control mechanisms, swelling, and leakage of protein. Light cells found after fixation in vitro in numerous prior studies represent cells damaged during isolation, and not a physiological variant among smooth muscle cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021218"}
{"pmid": "1021219", "title": "Binding of anticonvulsant drugs to cytochrome P-450: correlation with evidence of induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes.", "content": "Binding of anticonvulsant drugs to cytochrome P-450: correlation with evidence of induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes. Mephenytoin, diphenylhydantoin, pheneturide, and phenobarbital produced a concentration-dependent inhibition in the binding of hexobarbital to cytochrome P-450 at the type 1 site, while sulthiame slightly potentiated, and ethosuximide did not affect the binding characteristic of hexobarbital. Diphenylhydantoin, phenobarbital, and pheneturide have previously been shown to enhance the urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid (DGA), while sulthiame inhibited the potentiation of DGA excretion caused by these drugs, and ethosuximide produced no change. The results suggest a close relationship between the ability of these drugs to induce hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme systems (as indicated by enhancement of DGA excretion) and binding behaviour at the type 1 site.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021219"}
{"pmid": "1021210", "title": "Electrophysiology of neural units in goldfish optic tectum.", "content": "Electrophysiology of neural units in goldfish optic tectum. Axons of retinal ganglion cells showed responses not previously emphasized: (a) many tonic units discharged oscillations, 2--12 spikes per burst, interburst intervals 20--300 msec; (b) phasic units showed concentric or flanking ON and OFF fields, response frequency depended on balance of retinal excitation and inhibition; (c) directional sensitivity was maximal for retinal stimuli moving in naso-temporal direction; (d) in anterior tectum deep afferent layer (DAL) provides for deep electrical sink, fibers of DAL have small fields, mostly in front of fish; (e) color-opponent units are prevalent in the superficial terminal layers, color is spatially and temporally represented. Tectal cell responses were distinguished by large visual fields, spontaneity, multiple spikes and long latencies to optic nerve stimulation, failure to follow above 60 per sec, plasticity of response. Tectal neurons of three classes included (a) cells of one type in upper layers were inhibited in ongoing activity by visual input, receptive fields exceeded 100 degrees, were often oblong, responses did not habituate; (b) cells of second type were excited by visual stimuli, became unresponsive (habituated) or responsive only to stimuli in different position or direction (newness cells); lability precluded field mapping and dishabituation was produced by change in background, extraneous stimulation, and spontaneous firing; (c) pyriform cells in periventricular layer were abundant, difficult to isolate electrically, discharged spontaneously in bursts at intervals of several seconds and responded to visual input by interruption of firing. Some tectal cells responded to non-visual stimuli as well.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021210"}
{"pmid": "1021212", "title": "Melanin in the rat brain.", "content": "Melanin in the rat brain. Melanin was measured in various parts of the rat brain by a spectrophotofluorometric assay. This method could detect natural, Sepia melanin as well as melanin synthesized from L-DOPA. Contrary to published expectations of other investigators, measurable amounts of melanin were found in the brain of albino as well as pigmented rats. The highest concentrations of melanin occurred in the pons-medulla and midbrain, but all regions within the blood-brain barrier contained greater concentrations than samples from many other tissues in the body. No significant change in the melanin content was found after various endocrine manipulations such as removal of the pituitary, pineal, adrenals, thyroid, testes, or ovaries, exposure to constant illumination or darkness, and daily injection for 5 weeks of alpha-MSH, Pro-Leu-Gly-NH2 (MIF-I) or melatonin. As expected, retinal tissue from black-hooded rats contained extremely high levels of melanin whereas that from albino rats contained no melanin. It is thought that the presence of melanin in the brain of albino and pigmented rats may have a function which is still unknown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021212"}
{"pmid": "1021221", "title": "Effect of alterations in ambient temperature on blood flow in the skin.", "content": "Effect of alterations in ambient temperature on blood flow in the skin. The effect of changing ambient temperature on skin temperature was recorded in human subjects; also, its effect on blood flow was measured using venous occlusion and optical plethysmography. When cold stimulus was removed in stages using a heating cabinet, it was found that a biphasic flow response occurred in the fingers with each step change in temperature. There was a rapid transient rise followed by a decline to an equilibrium flow level. The transient rise occurred even when the temperature rose from 37 to 40 degrees C, although at this level the equilibrium remained unchanged. It is suggested that the transient rise was due to stimulation of Hensel's dynamic warmth receptors, whereas the rise in equilibrium temperature was due to removal of cold stimulus, which at low ambient temperatures maintains reflex vasoconstriction through activation of static cold receptors. Upper arm skin responded to removal of cold stimulus by a fall in temperature. Immersion of a different limb in cold water produced vasoconstriction in fingers but vasodilatation in the upper arm skin. It is suggested that this may be due to neurogenic vasodilatation, though the present work gives no indication as to pathways.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021221"}
{"pmid": "1021220", "title": "The necessity of drug level monitoring in anticonvulsant drug therapy.", "content": "The necessity of drug level monitoring in anticonvulsant drug therapy. A survey of 'steady-state' serum levels of anticonvulsant drugs from 221 epileptic patients at a university hospital was conducted. Serum concentrations of phenobarbital, primidone, and diphenylhydantoin were determined by a gas chromatographic method. Sixty-five percent (130) of the patients receiving diphenylhydantoin had levels below the therapeutic range of 10-20mug/ml. Subtherapeutic levels appear to be due to inadequate dosage adjustment. Only 25% (33) of the patients receiving phenobarbital had levels below the therapeutic range. Serum levels of diphenylhydantoin or phenobarbital could not be predicted from dosage. Most patients received two or more drugs. Over 10% of the patients had potentially toxic levels of anticonvulsant drugs. High levels of diphenylhydantoin were easily recognized clinically but high levels of phenobarbital were not.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021220"}
{"pmid": "1021211", "title": "Thermoregulatory cold-defense deficits in rats with preoptic/anterior hypothalamic lesions.", "content": "Thermoregulatory cold-defense deficits in rats with preoptic/anterior hypothalamic lesions. This paper discusses the course of recovery from the thermoregulatory deficits produced in rats by electrolytic lesions in the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area. Severe damage rendered rats ectothermic, that is unable to maintain their body temperatures at normal levels unless they were incubated at an ambient temperature of 30 degrees C. Less severe damage produced rats that maintained subnormal but stable body temperatures at 23 degrees C, but that did not increase metabolic rate or shiver and whose body temperatures dropped drastically in the cold (5 degrees C). As the animals recovered, nonshivering thermogenesis returned. Eventually the rats became excessively hyperthermic in normal room temperatures, due to very high metabolic rates. They were still unable to shiver or increase metabolic rate further in the cold and were therefore still unable to prevent a large drop in body temperature. Muscle tonus and shivering recovered gradually, and oxygen consumption returned to near normal levels. The data are described in terms of levels of integration of the nervous control of thermoregulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021211"}
{"pmid": "1021213", "title": "Neuromuscular blockade: the effects on two hippocampal RSA (theta) systems and neocortical desynchronization.", "content": "Neuromuscular blockade: the effects on two hippocampal RSA (theta) systems and neocortical desynchronization. Neocortical and hippocampal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity were recorded from rats during: (a) spontaneous activities, (b) paralysis produced by curare or gallamine neuromuscular blockade, and (c) urethane anesthesia. All of the patterns of EEG recorded from normal rats were obtained from paralyzed rats including: (a) atropine resistant neocortical desynchronization and fast (6--12 Hz) hippocampal rhythmical slow activity (RSA) normally associated with overt Type I or voluntary movement, (b) atropine sensitive and urethane resistant slow (4--6 Hz) RSA which can be recorded from immobile animals during conditioning procedures, or during brain or sensory stimulation, and (c) large amplitude irregular neocortical and hippocampal EEG which can be recorded from immobile or sleeping animals. Depth profiles of RSA were taken from the hippocampal formation of urethanized and curarized rats during posterior hypthalamic stimulation. The results confirmed findngs of two RSA amplitude maxima with an approximate 180 degree phase difference, one location in stratum oriens of area CA-1, the other in stratum moleculare of the dentate gyrus, and suggest there are two generators of RSA. Atropine sensitive and atropine resistant types of RSA were found in each generator. The results suggest that RSA may be supported by both cholinergic and noncholinergic input to each generator and that neither RSA type could be only the result of proprioceptive feedback from joints or muscles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021213"}
{"pmid": "1021214", "title": "Cerebellar nuclear stimulation in generalized penicillin epilepsy.", "content": "Cerebellar nuclear stimulation in generalized penicillin epilepsy. Comparison was made of the effectiveness of cerebellar cortical and nuclear stimulation in reducing paroxysmal activity induced in cats by parenteral penicillin administration. Vermal cortical and fastigial nuclear stimulation at high frequencies (100 Hz) were both effective in reducing the number and duration of paroxysmal events while the effects of dentate nucleus stimulation were found to be more variable. It was suggested that effective seizure inhibition appeared to be associated with increased fastigial output and resultant reticular excitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021214"}
{"pmid": "1021222", "title": "Survial of fasted rats exposed to altitude.", "content": "Survial of fasted rats exposed to altitude. Rats fasted for 48-96h before exposure were shown to have a longer survival time at groups 33,500 ft (1 ft = 0.305 m) simulated altitude than nonfasted controls. Although both become hypothermic at 33500 ft, colonic temperatures of the fasted rats were not sufficiently lower than those of nonfasted animals to explain the difference in survival time. The injection of glucose and insulin before exposure almost completely eliminated the protection afforded by fasting, whereas glucose alone had no effect on survival. It is therefore suggested that an alteration in carbohydrate metabolism, possibly in combination with other starvation-induced changes, allowed fasted rats to survive at 33500 ft until declining body temperature reduced metabolic rate to a level compatible with oxygen supply.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021222"}
{"pmid": "1021224", "title": "Release of [3H]noradrenaline from perfused rat hearts by potassium and its modifications by 6-hydroxydopamine and reserpine.", "content": "Release of [3H]noradrenaline from perfused rat hearts by potassium and its modifications by 6-hydroxydopamine and reserpine. The sources of noradrenaline (NA) released by excess potassium from isolated perfused rat hearts were investigated by labelling the hearts from normal, reserpine-treated, and 6-hydroxydopamine-treated (6-OHDA-treated) rats with [3H]HA, and measuring the increased rate of efflux induced by perfusion with a Krebs solution containing varying amounts of excess potassium. The [3H]NA and its metabolites in the effluent were separated by adsorption on alumina and a cation-exchange resin (Dowex-50). The release induced by potassium was a linear function of the log of the increased potassium concentration. Following a 1-h efflux period after labelling with [3H]NA, the hearts from reserpine-treated rats retained 1/5 as much [3H]NA, and released, in response to a 56mM elevation in the potassium concentration, less than 1/6 as much tritium label as the hearts from untreated (control) animals. In contrast, the hearts form 6-OHDA-treated animals retained 1/15 of the amount of [3H]NA and released 1/50 of the 3H label as did the control hearts. The potassium-induced increase of 3H-labelled substances in the effluent from the control hearts showed a large (threefold) percentage increase in the [3H]NA fraction, whereas the effluents from the hearts of reserpine- and 6-OHDA-treated animals contained only small increases in the [3H]NA fraction. Based on the assumptions that reserpine prevented retention of NA in the storage granules whereas 6-OHDA prevented almost all neuronal storage, it was concluded that more than 80% of the NA released by potassium excess from perfused normal hearts originated from the storage vesicles of the nerves, the remainder being largely from the cytoplasm of the nerves, with only a small portion from extraneuronal sources.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021224"}
{"pmid": "1021223", "title": "Vasopressin contamination as a cause of some apparent renal actions of prolactin.", "content": "Vasopressin contamination as a cause of some apparent renal actions of prolactin. The injection or infusion of NIAMDD prolactin (NIH P-S-10) into unanesthetized rats resulted in water and electrolyte retention with a large increase in urine osmolality but no effect on glomerular filtration rate. Since these effects on urine output were also observed in homozygous Brattleboro rats, the antidiuretic activity could not have caused by the release of endogenous antidiuretic hormone. Radioimmunoassay of NIH prolactin showed that it was contaminated with vasopressin (20 ng/mg of prolactin). By comparison, Sigma prolactin had no observed effect on urine excretion and contained very little vasopressin (2.5 ng/mg). It is concluded that some of the renal effects of prolactin have been reported in the literature may have been caused by the contaminating vasopressin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021223"}
{"pmid": "1021225", "title": "Antiestrogen-induced remissions in stage IV breast cancer.", "content": "Antiestrogen-induced remissions in stage IV breast cancer. Tamoxifen (NSC-180973, ICI-46474), an antiestrogen, was administered to 39 women with stage IV breast cancer at a dose of 20 mg orally every 12 hours. Patients were selected as eligible for endocrine ablative treatment and with disease not so aggressive as to jeopardize further treatment in case the experimental drug failed. Objective remission was obtained in 19 patients (49%) with a mean duration of 11+ months and ten patients are still in remission. No progression was seen in seven patients (18%) lasting 13+ months with only one patient in relapse. Thirteen patients (33%) have failed. Objective remission was obtained in two premenopausal women even though menstrual cycles were not suppressed; bilateral oophorectomy in one of these patients induced a second remission after relapse from tamoxifen. Objective remissions were obtained in two women with proven complete hypophysectomy a direct action of antiestrogens at the tumor level. Positive estrogen receptors were suggestive of being a good predictor of response. Menopausal status and dominant site of metastasis did not affect the response to tamoxifen in this small series. Tamoxifen did not alter prolactin secretion, and side effects from the drug were usually mild and transient in nature. We conclude that tamoxifen is an effective antitumor agent in patients with stage IV breast cancer; further studies are necessary to determine whether it will equal the therapeutic effect of oophorectomy, adrenalectomy, and hypophysectomy. Preliminary results with the use of tamoxifen in 51 27-80 year old women with Stage 4 breast cancer are presented.  There were 39 patients otherwise suitable for endocrine ablative procedures and 12 who had previously had such surgery.  Tamoxifen was given in doses of 20 mg orally every 12 hours.  Of the 39 patients, 19 had objective remissions with a mean duration of over 11 months.  7 others had no progression of their disease for over 13 months.  Of 11 patients shown to have estrogen receptors, 6 showed remissions with the antiestrogen therapy.  Objective remissions were obtained in 2 premenopausal women even though menopausal cycles were not suppressed.  Bilateral oophorectomy in 1 of them later induced a 2nd remission.  Objective remissions were obtained in 2 women with previous complete hypophysectomy.  Serum prolactin levels in 8 patients studied were not changed by tamoxifen therapy.  Side effects from the drug were mild and transitory.  Results obtained with tamoxifen are approaching those obtained with endocrine ablative therapy.  Further studies are needed to determine if endocrine ablation can induce further significant improvement beyond that which can be obtained with antiestrogen therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021225"}
{"pmid": "1021226", "title": "Evaluation of tamoxifen dose in advanced breast cancer: a progress report.", "content": "Evaluation of tamoxifen dose in advanced breast cancer: a progress report. The results of an ongoing trial randomizing patients with progressive, metastatic breast carcinoma between tamoxifen (Tam, NSC-180973) and Tam plus fluoxymesterone (Flu) (7 mg/m2 bid) are reported. Each patient received a single dose level of Tam in the range of 2-100 mg/m2 bid. The combination had a higher response rate overall (45% vs 28%) and when only the patients' soft tissue sites were analyzed (54% vs 9%, P=0.04). The time to treatment failure was longer for the combination among those patients with a response or disease stabilization (P=0.08). Response rates with Tam doses less than 12 mg/m2 bid were also higher than with doses greater than or equal to 12 mg/m2 for all patients in the study (62% vs 30%, P=0.025) and for those where only soft tissue sites were evaluable (43% vs 29%, P=0.07). Side effects were mild and consisted primarily of transient hematologic suppression, nausea, masculinization, hepatic enzyme elevations, and edema. The latter three were observed only with the Flu regimen. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were more frequent at Tam doses less than 12 mg/m2 bid whereas nausea was more common at higher doses. Tam doses as high as 100 mg/m2 bid were well tolerated. Tam amy be more effective at low doses, has only mild side effects, and is well tolerated at doses up to 100 mg/m2 bid. Combining Tam with Flu appears to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021226"}
{"pmid": "1021215", "title": "Visual performance and synapses in the visual cortex of rabbits.", "content": "Visual performance and synapses in the visual cortex of rabbits. The density of synaptic connections, the length of the contact zones and the number of synaptic vesicles are quantitatively studied in the left and right hemisphere of a group of rabbits a number of which showed marked ocular dominance. No systematic differences in the parameters studied could be observed in the visual cortex between symmetric animals, indicating that the ocular dominance cannot be explained by hemispheric differences in density of synapses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021215"}
{"pmid": "1021228", "title": "Histologic classification of lung cancer.", "content": "Histologic classification of lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021228"}
{"pmid": "1021227", "title": "Current overview of EORTC clinical trials with tamoxifen.", "content": "Current overview of EORTC clinical trials with tamoxifen. Based upon concepts derived from estrogen receptor studies, a phase II exploratory trial was conducted where tamoxifen (NSC-180973) was administered concomitantly with cytotoxic chemotherapy in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer. Chemotherapy was composed of two 28-day cycles given alternatively. Cycle A consisted of adriamycin and vincristine, and cycle B consisted of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil. Fifty-five patients were fully evaluable. Complete remissions were obtained in 13 (24%) and partial objective remissions in 27 (49%). The overall remission rate was 73%. Toxic side effects ranged from mild to severe. The most significant were nausea and vomiting (most patients), weakness and pain (two thirds of the patients), and hematologic changes (half of the patients). It is concluded that the present combination of endocrine and cytotoxic therapy represents one of the most effective currently available treatments of advanced breast cancer. In an early clinical trial of tamoxifen in premenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer, two objective remissions, lasting 5 and 9+ months respectively, were obtained in ten patients treated. Tamoxifen is worthy of further assessment in premenopausal patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021227"}
{"pmid": "1021230", "title": "General principles of surgical treatment of lung cancer.", "content": "General principles of surgical treatment of lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021230"}
{"pmid": "1021229", "title": "Occurrence of lung cancer according to stage and determination of its dissemination.", "content": "Occurrence of lung cancer according to stage and determination of its dissemination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021229"}
{"pmid": "1021231", "title": "Prerequisties for effective radiotherapy for lung cancer.", "content": "Prerequisties for effective radiotherapy for lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021231"}
{"pmid": "1021232", "title": "Experience with combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy for undifferentiated lung cancer.", "content": "Experience with combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy for undifferentiated lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021232"}
{"pmid": "1021233", "title": "5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), methyl-CCNU, and vincristine in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: phase II study utilizing weekly 5-FU.", "content": "5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), methyl-CCNU, and vincristine in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer: phase II study utilizing weekly 5-FU. We report a phase II trial of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), methyl-CCNU, and vincristine (FMV) combination chemotherapy in advanced colorectal carcinoma. Ten of 25 patients (40%) achieved an objective tumor regression after treatment with FMV chemotherapy. The main toxicities of FMV were hematologic and gastrointestinal. 5-FU was administered in a weekly rather than a loading-dose schedule which allowed for sensitive adjustment of drug dosages according to hematologic toxicity; only 16% of the patients (four of 25) had a wbc count less than 2000 cells/mm3. FMV is significantly more active than 5-FU alone in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer; however this regimen does not significantly improve survival in responding patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021233"}
{"pmid": "1021234", "title": "Combination chemotherapy in vitro with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II).", "content": "Combination chemotherapy in vitro with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II). Cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) was paired with 11 other chemotherapeutic drugs in a search for possible synergistic pairs. Cell lethality was investigated by the colony-formation technique utilizing a long-term culture of human lymphoma cells. Synergistic effects were noted for pair combinations with all alkylating agents, bleomycin, adriamycin, camptothecin, and cytosine arabinoside. Additive effects were recorded for combinations with prednisolone and VP-16-213, while DDP reduced the capacity of cells to absorb sublethal damage induced by alkylating agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021234"}
{"pmid": "1021235", "title": "Inhibition of growth and regression of a transplantable rat chondrosarcoma by three retinoids.", "content": "Inhibition of growth and regression of a transplantable rat chondrosarcoma by three retinoids. An aromatic analog of retinoic acid, all-trans-9-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic acid (Ro 10-1670), its ethyl esther (Ro 10-9359), and ethyl amide (Ro 11-1430) have been shown to inhibit the growth of a transplantable rat chondrosarcoma. The inhibition observed occurred over a range of tolerated doses. At the higher tolerated dose levels, significant regressions of already established tumors were observed. All three compounds were active when administered ip for 2 or 4 weeks. The ethyl ester, Ro 10-9359, and the etyl amide, Ro 11-1430, were also active when administered for 4 weeks as dietary admixes. In the latter experiments, both compounds were equally effective at tolerated doses, but Ro 11-1430 was less toxic than Ro 10-9359 at higher doses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021235"}
{"pmid": "1021236", "title": "Evaluation of daunorubicin in adenocarcinoma of the large intestine.", "content": "Evaluation of daunorubicin in adenocarcinoma of the large intestine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021236"}
{"pmid": "1021238", "title": "Phase II evaluation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in lung cancer.", "content": "Phase II evaluation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021238"}
{"pmid": "1021237", "title": "Comparative nephrotoxicity of platinum cancer chemotherapeutic agents.", "content": "Comparative nephrotoxicity of platinum cancer chemotherapeutic agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021237"}
{"pmid": "1021240", "title": "Adriamycin and CCNU in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.", "content": "Adriamycin and CCNU in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021240"}
{"pmid": "1021239", "title": "Phase II study of VP-16-213 versus dianhydrogalactitol in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.", "content": "Phase II study of VP-16-213 versus dianhydrogalactitol in patients with metastatic malignant melanoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021239"}
{"pmid": "1021241", "title": "Pulmonary toxicity in long-term administration of BCNU.", "content": "Pulmonary toxicity in long-term administration of BCNU.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021241"}
{"pmid": "1021242", "title": "Color reaction of cholesterol with benzoyl peroxide in concentrated trichloroacetic acid.", "content": "Color reaction of cholesterol with benzoyl peroxide in concentrated trichloroacetic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021242"}
{"pmid": "1021243", "title": "Stereospecific introduction of deuterium into ring D of estrogens.", "content": "Stereospecific introduction of deuterium into ring D of estrogens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021243"}
{"pmid": "1021245", "title": "A facile O-glycosidation using stannic chloride.", "content": "A facile O-glycosidation using stannic chloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021245"}
{"pmid": "1021244", "title": "Chemical and biochemical studies on carbohydrate esters. II. Antitumor activity of saturated fatty acids and their ester derivatives against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.", "content": "Chemical and biochemical studies on carbohydrate esters. II. Antitumor activity of saturated fatty acids and their ester derivatives against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021244"}
{"pmid": "1021246", "title": "Syntheses of betulafolienetriol and the ginseng sapogenin, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol.", "content": "Syntheses of betulafolienetriol and the ginseng sapogenin, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021246"}
{"pmid": "1021247", "title": "Studies on the components of the leaves of Coptis japonica Makino. I. The structures of coptiside I and II.", "content": "Studies on the components of the leaves of Coptis japonica Makino. I. The structures of coptiside I and II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021247"}
{"pmid": "1021248", "title": "Syntheses of methoxyestrogen glucuronide acetate-methyl esters.", "content": "Syntheses of methoxyestrogen glucuronide acetate-methyl esters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021248"}
{"pmid": "1021249", "title": "Conversion of dehydroabietic acid into a steroid skeleton: formation of the A-ring. III.", "content": "Conversion of dehydroabietic acid into a steroid skeleton: formation of the A-ring. III.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021249"}
{"pmid": "1021251", "title": "Maridomycin, a new macrolide antibiotic. X. The structure of maridomycin II.", "content": "Maridomycin, a new macrolide antibiotic. X. The structure of maridomycin II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021251"}
{"pmid": "1021250", "title": "Metabolism of piromidic acid, a new antibacterial agent. II. In vitro metabolic pathway of piromidic acid in rats.", "content": "Metabolism of piromidic acid, a new antibacterial agent. II. In vitro metabolic pathway of piromidic acid in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021250"}
{"pmid": "1021252", "title": "Maridomycin, a new macrolide antibiotic. XI. The structures of maridomycin components.", "content": "Maridomycin, a new macrolide antibiotic. XI. The structures of maridomycin components.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021252"}
{"pmid": "1021253", "title": "Effect of drugs on human erythrocytes. I. Morphological changes and increase in fragility of erythrocytes treated with drugs.", "content": "Effect of drugs on human erythrocytes. I. Morphological changes and increase in fragility of erythrocytes treated with drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021253"}
{"pmid": "1021254", "title": "Color reaction of cholesterol with the antimony trichloride reagent.", "content": "Color reaction of cholesterol with the antimony trichloride reagent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021254"}
{"pmid": "1021255", "title": "Studies on the synthesis of azabicyclo[3,3,1]non-6-enes by the novel cyclization reaction of tetrahydropyridines with Lewis acid.", "content": "Studies on the synthesis of azabicyclo[3,3,1]non-6-enes by the novel cyclization reaction of tetrahydropyridines with Lewis acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021255"}
{"pmid": "1021256", "title": "Studies on peptides. LVIII. Synthesis of Tyr1-substance P.", "content": "Studies on peptides. LVIII. Synthesis of Tyr1-substance P.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021256"}
{"pmid": "1021257", "title": "On the heterogeneity of eukaryotic ribosomal subunits in vitro.", "content": "On the heterogeneity of eukaryotic ribosomal subunits in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021257"}
{"pmid": "1021258", "title": "Synthesis of optically active prenylamine from (-)-norephedrine.", "content": "Synthesis of optically active prenylamine from (-)-norephedrine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021258"}
{"pmid": "1021260", "title": "Benzodiazepine. XIII. Syntheses of 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives.", "content": "Benzodiazepine. XIII. Syntheses of 1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021260"}
{"pmid": "1021259", "title": "Synthetic chemotherapeutic agents. IV. Synthesis of 3-substituted thiazolo[5,4-f]quinoline derivatives.", "content": "Synthetic chemotherapeutic agents. IV. Synthesis of 3-substituted thiazolo[5,4-f]quinoline derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021259"}
{"pmid": "1021261", "title": "Studies on anticoccidial agents. VII. An improved synthesis of alpha4-norpyridoxol.", "content": "Studies on anticoccidial agents. VII. An improved synthesis of alpha4-norpyridoxol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021261"}
{"pmid": "1021262", "title": "A fluorophotometric method for the determination of pyridoxal and its phosphate by using glycine and zinc(II) ion.", "content": "A fluorophotometric method for the determination of pyridoxal and its phosphate by using glycine and zinc(II) ion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021262"}
{"pmid": "1021263", "title": "Preparation of yeast mannan derivatives by stearoylation and phosphorylation.", "content": "Preparation of yeast mannan derivatives by stearoylation and phosphorylation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021263"}
{"pmid": "1021264", "title": "Synthesis of [27-Tyr]-cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "content": "Synthesis of [27-Tyr]-cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021264"}
{"pmid": "1021265", "title": "Antitumor polysaccharide fraction from Sargassum thunbergli.", "content": "Antitumor polysaccharide fraction from Sargassum thunbergli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021265"}
{"pmid": "1021266", "title": "Occurrence of bufalitoxin, cinobufotoxin and their homologs in Japanese toad.", "content": "Occurrence of bufalitoxin, cinobufotoxin and their homologs in Japanese toad.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021266"}
{"pmid": "1021267", "title": "Fukinotoxin, a new pyrrolizidine alkaloid from Petasites japonicus.", "content": "Fukinotoxin, a new pyrrolizidine alkaloid from Petasites japonicus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021267"}
{"pmid": "1021268", "title": "Synthesis and properties of S-aminomethylthiamine and N-hydroxymethylthiamine.", "content": "Synthesis and properties of S-aminomethylthiamine and N-hydroxymethylthiamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021268"}
{"pmid": "1021269", "title": "The reaction of S-aminomethylthiamine with acid anhydride--the synthesis of O,S-bis(alpha-aminoacyl)thiamine.", "content": "The reaction of S-aminomethylthiamine with acid anhydride--the synthesis of O,S-bis(alpha-aminoacyl)thiamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021269"}
{"pmid": "1021270", "title": "Color reaction of cholesterol in concentrated trichloroacetic acid media.", "content": "Color reaction of cholesterol in concentrated trichloroacetic acid media.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021270"}
{"pmid": "1021271", "title": "Biopharmaceutical study of the hepato-biliary transport of drugs. IV. Development of the method to investigate the process of the active secretion of drugs from the hepatocytes into the bile canaliculi and its application to the biliary excretion of organic anions in rat.", "content": "Biopharmaceutical study of the hepato-biliary transport of drugs. IV. Development of the method to investigate the process of the active secretion of drugs from the hepatocytes into the bile canaliculi and its application to the biliary excretion of organic anions in rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021271"}
{"pmid": "1021272", "title": "Biopharmaceutical study of the hepato-biliary transport of drugs. V. Hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of organic cations.", "content": "Biopharmaceutical study of the hepato-biliary transport of drugs. V. Hepatic uptake and biliary excretion of organic cations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021272"}
{"pmid": "1021273", "title": "Factors influencing absorption and excretion of drugs. V. Further study on effect of potassium ion on in situ rat intestinal absorption of drugs.", "content": "Factors influencing absorption and excretion of drugs. V. Further study on effect of potassium ion on in situ rat intestinal absorption of drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021273"}
{"pmid": "1021275", "title": "Studies on sperm capacitation. V. Characterization of decapacitation factor from guinea-pig spermatozoa.", "content": "Studies on sperm capacitation. V. Characterization of decapacitation factor from guinea-pig spermatozoa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021275"}
{"pmid": "1021274", "title": "Chemical reactivity of morphine and morphine-6-conjugates and their binding to rat brain.", "content": "Chemical reactivity of morphine and morphine-6-conjugates and their binding to rat brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021274"}
{"pmid": "1021276", "title": "Effect of ginseng extract on lipid and sugar metabolism II. Nutritional states in rats.", "content": "Effect of ginseng extract on lipid and sugar metabolism II. Nutritional states in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021276"}
{"pmid": "1021277", "title": "Effect of biotin on biochemical changes following isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.", "content": "Effect of biotin on biochemical changes following isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021277"}
{"pmid": "1021278", "title": "Aminomethylation of thiamine disulfides and formation of cyclobis-methylenethiamine from N-aminomethylated thiamine disulfide.", "content": "Aminomethylation of thiamine disulfides and formation of cyclobis-methylenethiamine from N-aminomethylated thiamine disulfide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021278"}
{"pmid": "1021279", "title": "Absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolism of 1-(5-oxohexyl) theobromine (BL 191) in rats.", "content": "Absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolism of 1-(5-oxohexyl) theobromine (BL 191) in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021279"}
{"pmid": "1021280", "title": "Inclusion complexation of barbiturates with beta-cyclodextrin in aqueous solution. I. Spectroscopic study on the mode of interaction.", "content": "Inclusion complexation of barbiturates with beta-cyclodextrin in aqueous solution. I. Spectroscopic study on the mode of interaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021280"}
{"pmid": "1021282", "title": "Polymorphism of phenylbutazone.", "content": "Polymorphism of phenylbutazone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021282"}
{"pmid": "1021281", "title": "Simultaneous determination of complexation equilibrium constants for conjugated guest species by extended potentiometric titration method: on barbiturate-beta-cyclodextrin system.", "content": "Simultaneous determination of complexation equilibrium constants for conjugated guest species by extended potentiometric titration method: on barbiturate-beta-cyclodextrin system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021281"}
{"pmid": "1021283", "title": "Studies on psychotropic agents. I. Synthesis of 3,8-disubstituted-1-oxa-3,8-diazaspiro[4,5]decan-2,4-dione derivatives.", "content": "Studies on psychotropic agents. I. Synthesis of 3,8-disubstituted-1-oxa-3,8-diazaspiro[4,5]decan-2,4-dione derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021283"}
{"pmid": "1021285", "title": "Studies on the syntheses of analgesics. XLVI. An abnormal Hofmann degradation of N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-3-benzazocinium halides (studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. DCLXVIII).", "content": "Studies on the syntheses of analgesics. XLVI. An abnormal Hofmann degradation of N-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-3-benzazocinium halides (studies on the syntheses of heterocyclic compounds. DCLXVIII).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021285"}
{"pmid": "1021284", "title": "Motional state of spin-labeled stearates in lecithin-cholesterol liposomes and their incorporation capability.", "content": "Motional state of spin-labeled stearates in lecithin-cholesterol liposomes and their incorporation capability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021284"}
{"pmid": "1021286", "title": "Spectrophotometric determination of quinine, emethine and ephedrine in pharmaceutical preparations with tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester by solvent extraction.", "content": "Spectrophotometric determination of quinine, emethine and ephedrine in pharmaceutical preparations with tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester by solvent extraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021286"}
{"pmid": "1021287", "title": "Color reaction of estrone with the antimony trichloride reagent.", "content": "Color reaction of estrone with the antimony trichloride reagent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021287"}
{"pmid": "1021288", "title": "Analytical studies on mepirizole and its metabolites. IV. Quantitative determination of mepirizole in human serum by mass fragmentography, and isotope effect on drug metabolism.", "content": "Analytical studies on mepirizole and its metabolites. IV. Quantitative determination of mepirizole in human serum by mass fragmentography, and isotope effect on drug metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021288"}
{"pmid": "1021289", "title": "One step syntheses of adenine, xanthine and guanine from phenylazomalonic acid derivatives.", "content": "One step syntheses of adenine, xanthine and guanine from phenylazomalonic acid derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021289"}
{"pmid": "1021291", "title": "Anticholinergic agents. Synthesis of 4-diphenylmethylene-1,1,2,3-tetramethylpyrrolidinium iodide.", "content": "Anticholinergic agents. Synthesis of 4-diphenylmethylene-1,1,2,3-tetramethylpyrrolidinium iodide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021291"}
{"pmid": "1021290", "title": "Anticholinergic agents. Synthesis of 1,1,4-trimethyl- and 1,1,5- trimethyl-3-diphenylmethylenepyrrolidinium halides.", "content": "Anticholinergic agents. Synthesis of 1,1,4-trimethyl- and 1,1,5- trimethyl-3-diphenylmethylenepyrrolidinium halides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021290"}
{"pmid": "1021292", "title": "Metabolism and excretion of aminopyrine in man.", "content": "Metabolism and excretion of aminopyrine in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021292"}
{"pmid": "1021293", "title": "Aryl hydroxylation of 3-methylacetanilide[4-2(3)H] by several model systems.", "content": "Aryl hydroxylation of 3-methylacetanilide[4-2(3)H] by several model systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021293"}
{"pmid": "1021294", "title": "Synthesis of 6 beta-bromomethyl-and 6 beta-chloromethyl-19-norcholest-5(10)-en-3 beta-ol.", "content": "Synthesis of 6 beta-bromomethyl-and 6 beta-chloromethyl-19-norcholest-5(10)-en-3 beta-ol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021294"}
{"pmid": "1021295", "title": "Isolation of 4 beta-hydroxywithanolide E, a new withanolide from Physalis peruviana L.", "content": "Isolation of 4 beta-hydroxywithanolide E, a new withanolide from Physalis peruviana L.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021295"}
{"pmid": "1021296", "title": "Studies on prostaglandins. III. Synthesis of bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane derivatives.", "content": "Studies on prostaglandins. III. Synthesis of bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021296"}
{"pmid": "1021327", "title": "The immunology of acute and chronic hepatitis.", "content": "The immunology of acute and chronic hepatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021327"}
{"pmid": "1021341", "title": "Lymphomatoid contact dermatitis: a syndrome produced by epicutaneous hypersensitivity with clinical features and a histopathologic picture similar to that of mycosis fungoides.", "content": "Lymphomatoid contact dermatitis: a syndrome produced by epicutaneous hypersensitivity with clinical features and a histopathologic picture similar to that of mycosis fungoides. Four cases have been studied which were clinically suggestive of mycosis fungoides because of their infiltrated plaque-like lesions, but in which the suspicion of a topical hypersensitivity arose when a positive patch test was obtained with the striker part of a box of matches.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021341"}
{"pmid": "1021343", "title": "The effect of perfume \"ageing\" on the allergenicity of individual perfume ingredients.", "content": "The effect of perfume \"ageing\" on the allergenicity of individual perfume ingredients. An ingredient of a perfume which is a sensitizer may become hypoallergenic by interacting with other ingredients during the ageing process of the perfume. Thus, a patient with an exquisite allergic sensitivity to cinnamic aldehyde tolerates two perfumes containing cinnamic aldehyde without acquiring a dermatitis. There are several theories of why cinnamic aldehyde can become a non-sensitizer in a perfume mixture. Testing with a mature perfume may be much more significant than testing with individual ingredients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021343"}
{"pmid": "1021342", "title": "An antigen from Parthenium hysterophorus Linn.", "content": "An antigen from Parthenium hysterophorus Linn. The increasing incidence of contact dermatitis due to the wild growth of the weed Partheium hysterophorus Linn. in many parts of India has prompted chemical analysis coupled with clinical testing to isolate the offending agent. Results are present to show that parthenin, a sesquiterpene lactone, is the major antigen which produces contact dermatitis in sensitive human beings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021342"}
{"pmid": "1021344", "title": "Quinazoline Yellow SS in cosmetics.", "content": "Quinazoline Yellow SS in cosmetics. Five cases of allergic contact dermatitis from Quinazoline Yellow SS (D and C Yellow 11) in cosmetics are described, three from a lipstick and two from a rouge stick. Four of them showed marked oedema spreading to the eyelids and down to the neck. Two of them required systemic steroids. All four had strongly positive patch tests to the dye and to the cosmetic used.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021344"}
{"pmid": "1021345", "title": "Transepidermal water loss in adhesive tape induced dermatitis.", "content": "Transepidermal water loss in adhesive tape induced dermatitis. As an index of skin barrier function, transepidermal water loss (TEW) was investigated in subjects reactive to adhesive tapes. Tape reactive subjects showed no difference in TEW in untreated skin when compared to non-reactive subjects. Plastic tape and transparent tape produced varying degrees of dermatitis in reactive subjects; the TEW was increased up to 40-fold of the baseline values correlating with the degree of dermatitis. Paper tape and plastic film without adhesive did not produce dermatitis and increased water loss. Regeneration of skin damage was accompanied by a decrease of TEW values. The general problem of tape reactors and tape irritation is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021345"}
{"pmid": "1021346", "title": "Thioridazine photosensitivity.", "content": "Thioridazine photosensitivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021346"}
{"pmid": "1021347", "title": "Positive patch test to the azo-dye tartrazine.", "content": "Positive patch test to the azo-dye tartrazine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021347"}
{"pmid": "1021348", "title": "Clinical investigation on the local protective effect of antihuman-lymphocyte-globulin in contact allergy.", "content": "Clinical investigation on the local protective effect of antihuman-lymphocyte-globulin in contact allergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021348"}
{"pmid": "1021349", "title": "Sensitivity to 35 essential oils.", "content": "Sensitivity to 35 essential oils. Two hundred consecutive patients and 50 subjects positive to balsams were tested with the 35 essential oils most frequently used in Polish cosmetics. The frequency of sensitivity to the particular oils is noted and the index of sensitization calculated as the amount of oil/kg used annually for the production of Polish cosmetics per one patient positive to this oil. The correlation of positive tests to essential oils with positive tests to four balsams of the standard series is shown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021349"}
{"pmid": "1021350", "title": "Contact sensitivity to emulsifiers.", "content": "Contact sensitivity to emulsifiers. Common emulsifiers were tested in over 1,200 patients with eczema. Triethanolamine stearate tested at 5% in petrolatum caused irritant reactions in 9.5% of the patients. On the other hand, non-ionic emulsifying agents tested at 10-20% produced irritation in only a few cases. Allergic reactions were found in 2.1% of those tested. Lanette, sorbitan sesquioleate, the Spans, polyoxyethylene oxypropylene stearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol lanolin derivative, and triethanolamine stearate each elicited allergic reactions in 0.3-0.7% of the cases. The Tweens caused an allergy in only two cases, but glycerol monostearate caused no reaction at all. Five out of six patients sensitive to sorbitan sesquioleate reacted positively to the Spans as well. The patients allergic to one or more emulsifiers were also sensitive to several other substances included in our routine test series with the exception of four patients who reacted only to the emulsifying agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021350"}
{"pmid": "1021351", "title": "Standardization of patch tests in Japan.", "content": "Standardization of patch tests in Japan. In order to standardize patch tests in Japan a comparative study of our former method of patch testing with that recommended by the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group (ICDRG) was carried out with the collaboration of dermatologists in the Mid-Japan Dermatological Society. The following differences were observed between the two methods of patch testing: 1. Four out of five ICDRG allergens which were common in Japanese standard allergen series--formaldehyde, potassium dichromate, cobalt chloride and nickel sulfate--showed higher reactivity than those of Japanese allergens. The other allergen, paraphenylenediamine (PPD), showed the same reactivity as Japanese PPD. Cobalt chloride of ICDRG origin showed a particularly higher reactivity than the Japanese one (a=0.05) 2. Higher reactivity was observed at the 48-h reading when aqueous reagents were patch-tested using Torii-Ban, Miniplaster and Leukotest, which are all popular in Japan. This higher reactivity could be attributed to the lint gauze of plasters which are pre-treated with fluorescent whitener. 3. The incidence of reactivity of the ICDRG allergens in Japan was also studied in order to establish a new standard allergen series.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021351"}
{"pmid": "1021352", "title": "Photoepicutaneous testing: influence of the vehicle, occlusion time and concentration of the test substances on the results.", "content": "Photoepicutaneous testing: influence of the vehicle, occlusion time and concentration of the test substances on the results. The effects of various vehicles, the occlusion time and the concentration of the test substances on the phototoxic reactions were studied using the Finn Chamber method in photoepicutaneous testing, with methoxsalen and coal tar as test substances. Petrolatum proved to be a suitable base for methoxsalen and carbowax for coal tar. The optimal concentration of coal tar was 5% and that of methoxalen 0.03-0.05%. The optimal occlusion time for methoxsalen was 1-2 hours and for coal tar 24 hours. It was concluded that in order to obtain the most reliable results, these parameters should be determined separately for every photosensitizing compound to be tested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021352"}
{"pmid": "1021353", "title": "Thiuram-mix.", "content": "Thiuram-mix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021353"}
{"pmid": "1021412", "title": "Organizational processes in motor control.", "content": "Organizational processes in motor control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021412"}
{"pmid": "1021413", "title": "Chlorpromazine and aging in the brain.", "content": "Chlorpromazine and aging in the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021413"}
{"pmid": "1021414", "title": "Concentration of sialic acids in submandibular glands of young and old rats treated with isoproterenol.", "content": "Concentration of sialic acids in submandibular glands of young and old rats treated with isoproterenol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021414"}
{"pmid": "1021415", "title": "Changes in rat liver ornithine decarboxylase activity during ageing and effect of stimulation by dexamethasone.", "content": "Changes in rat liver ornithine decarboxylase activity during ageing and effect of stimulation by dexamethasone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021415"}
{"pmid": "1021416", "title": "Microsomal mixed-function oxidase activity and senescence--II. In vivo and in vitro hepatic drug metabolism in rats of different ages following partial hepatectomy.", "content": "Microsomal mixed-function oxidase activity and senescence--II. In vivo and in vitro hepatic drug metabolism in rats of different ages following partial hepatectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021416"}
{"pmid": "1021417", "title": "Subcellular distribution of renal and hepatic catalase activity in senescent rodents.", "content": "Subcellular distribution of renal and hepatic catalase activity in senescent rodents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021417"}
{"pmid": "1021418", "title": "Longitudinal and cross-sectional observations of growth and body composition with age in laboratory populations of the male annual cyprinodont fish, Nothobranchius guentheri.", "content": "Longitudinal and cross-sectional observations of growth and body composition with age in laboratory populations of the male annual cyprinodont fish, Nothobranchius guentheri.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021418"}
{"pmid": "1021420", "title": "Age-dependent ploidy class changes in mouse hepatocyte nuclei as revealed by Feulgen-DNA cytofluorometry.", "content": "Age-dependent ploidy class changes in mouse hepatocyte nuclei as revealed by Feulgen-DNA cytofluorometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021420"}
{"pmid": "1021419", "title": "Effects of alpha-tocopherol on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in serum and hepatic subcellular organelles and lipid metabolism.", "content": "Effects of alpha-tocopherol on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in serum and hepatic subcellular organelles and lipid metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021419"}
{"pmid": "1021421", "title": "Labeling index (triatiated thymidine) of the synovium of mice at different ages.", "content": "Labeling index (triatiated thymidine) of the synovium of mice at different ages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021421"}
{"pmid": "1021422", "title": "Effects of spontaneous hypertension and age on arterial connective tissue in the rat.", "content": "Effects of spontaneous hypertension and age on arterial connective tissue in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021422"}
{"pmid": "1021423", "title": "Age dependent changes in body weight, haematocrit and corticosteroids following sequential castration in rats with a high incidence of spontaneous tumours.", "content": "Age dependent changes in body weight, haematocrit and corticosteroids following sequential castration in rats with a high incidence of spontaneous tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021423"}
{"pmid": "1021424", "title": "An autoradiographic investigation of 3H-uridine utilization by aging mouse cartilage cells.", "content": "An autoradiographic investigation of 3H-uridine utilization by aging mouse cartilage cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021424"}
{"pmid": "1021425", "title": "The structural relationship of phorbol and cortisol: a possible mechanism for the tumor promoting activity of phorbol.", "content": "The structural relationship of phorbol and cortisol: a possible mechanism for the tumor promoting activity of phorbol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021425"}
{"pmid": "1021426", "title": "Activation of alpha-carbons of amides.", "content": "Activation of alpha-carbons of amides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021426"}
{"pmid": "1021427", "title": "Ambivalent effect of protein binding on computed distributions of metal ions complexed by ligands in blood plasma.", "content": "Ambivalent effect of protein binding on computed distributions of metal ions complexed by ligands in blood plasma. Although the absolute concentrations of metal complexes in blood plasma are controlled by protein binding, the percentage distribution of transition metal ions amongst low molecular weight ligands is not. Thus, computer simulations which omit protein equilibria can nevertheless afford reliable information about such metals in the biofluid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021427"}
{"pmid": "1021429", "title": "Some properties of cholinesterase of the plant nematode Aphelenchoides ritzema-boosi.", "content": "Some properties of cholinesterase of the plant nematode Aphelenchoides ritzema-boosi. Activity and properties of cholinesterase from Aphelenchoides ritzema-boosi, a plant feeding nematode, were investigated by testing the reaction of the enzyme with different substrates and inhibitors. Butyrylthiocholine was a better substrate than propionyl- and acetylthiochine. When compared with mammaliian erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase, the nematode enzyme was found to be extremely insensitive towards a number of well-known organophosphorus and carbamate inhibitors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021429"}
{"pmid": "1021428", "title": "Subcellular localization of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase in spinach leaves.", "content": "Subcellular localization of O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase in spinach leaves. A combination of differential centrifugation and isopycnic sucrose density gradient centrifugation of extracts from spinach leaves (Spinacia oleracea L.) shows that about 20% of the O-Acetylserine sulfhydrylase are associated with chloroplasts. No appreciable amounts of O-Acetylserine sulfhydrylase band with mitochondrial and peroxisomal marker enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021428"}
{"pmid": "1021430", "title": "Interaction between the soluble and particulate neuraminidases of chick liver.", "content": "Interaction between the soluble and particulate neuraminidases of chick liver. The sum of the neuraminidase activities found in the isolated soluble and particulate fractions of chick liver was considerably higher than that observed in the cytoplasmic extract from which these fractions were obtained. Addition of increasing amounts of particulate neuraminidase to a constant amount of the soluble preparation resulted in a progressive loss of enzyme activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021430"}
{"pmid": "1021432", "title": "Synthesis of bradykinin potentiating pentapeptide (BPP5a).", "content": "Synthesis of bradykinin potentiating pentapeptide (BPP5a).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021432"}
{"pmid": "1021431", "title": "On the nature of protein benzoquinone complexes.", "content": "On the nature of protein benzoquinone complexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021431"}
{"pmid": "1021434", "title": "Adriamycin-induced chromosome damage: elevated frequencies of isochromatid aberrations in G2 and S phases.", "content": "Adriamycin-induced chromosome damage: elevated frequencies of isochromatid aberrations in G2 and S phases. Analysis of chromosomes from cells treated with adriamycin during G2 and S phases showed a high frequency of isochromatid-type of breaks, in addition to the expected chromatid breaks. These are interpreted as independent breaks on sister chromatids because of preferential effects of the drug in specific chromosome regions. The break points are likely to be different, but morphologically such breaks would be indistinguishable from isochromatid or chromosome breaks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021434"}
{"pmid": "1021433", "title": "Light stimulated 'shunt-metabolism' succinate-alpha-ketoglutarate-isocitrate cycle and accumulation of citric acid in Aspergillus niger.", "content": "Light stimulated 'shunt-metabolism' succinate-alpha-ketoglutarate-isocitrate cycle and accumulation of citric acid in Aspergillus niger. Studies with light of the visible range had shown that light plays significant role in the biosynthesis and accumulation of citric acid in Aspergillus niger. Accumulation of 14C-labelled carbon atoms in alpha-ketoglutaric, isocitric, succinic and glycolic acids in the cultures grown under illumination suggest a probable 'shunt-metabolism' leading to the succinate-alpha-ketoglutarate-isocitrate (SKI) cycle. This shunt metabolism minimizes the accumulation of citric acid in cultures due to depletion of intermediates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021433"}
{"pmid": "1021435", "title": "Actinomycin-resistant antiviral activity associated with preparations containing chicken interferon.", "content": "Actinomycin-resistant antiviral activity associated with preparations containing chicken interferon. Crude and purified preparations containing chicken interferon show a 2fold antiviral activity. One is inhibited by actinomycin and leads to total inhibition if interferon is added to cells before actinomycin, the other is insensitive to actinomycin and leads to partial inhibition if interferon is added simultaneously with or after actinomycin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021435"}
{"pmid": "1021436", "title": "Effects of plant hormones on leucine aminotransferase in pea (Pisum sativum).", "content": "Effects of plant hormones on leucine aminotransferase in pea (Pisum sativum).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021436"}
{"pmid": "1021439", "title": "Gonadectomy and growth of Taenia crassiceps (Cestoda) cysticerci in mice.", "content": "Gonadectomy and growth of Taenia crassiceps (Cestoda) cysticerci in mice. Gonadectomy of SWR of both sexes significantly reduced the number of cysticerci of Taenia crassiceps, 60 days post infection. There was a significant decrease in the total number of larvae and the number of nonbudding individuals, corresponding with increased number of budding larvae. This indicates that the asexual multiplication of cysticerci in populations from gonadectomized mice was inhibited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021439"}
{"pmid": "1021440", "title": "The generation of toxic activity from trypanosoma congolense.", "content": "The generation of toxic activity from trypanosoma congolense. Trypanosoma congolense organism, on incubation at 20 degrees C for 91/2h, were found to generate phospholipase like activity which was capable of mediating lysis of both nucleated cells and erythrocytes as well as acute inflammatory response on intradermal inoculation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021440"}
{"pmid": "1021441", "title": "Investigations of the toxic effects of Bayer 73 (Bayluscid WP) on eggs and yolk-sac larvae of Tilapia leucosticta (Cichlidae).", "content": "Investigations of the toxic effects of Bayer 73 (Bayluscid WP) on eggs and yolk-sac larvae of Tilapia leucosticta (Cichlidae).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021441"}
{"pmid": "1021443", "title": "The glycocalyx of the epithelial cells of the colon, observed in normal and ulcerous colitic conditions.", "content": "The glycocalyx of the epithelial cells of the colon, observed in normal and ulcerous colitic conditions. Biopsies of subjects affected by ulcerous colitis were stained with ruthenium Red. Alterations of the cellular coat and glycocalyx of the epithelial cells of the colon were identified.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021443"}
{"pmid": "1021442", "title": "The influence of early nutrition and environmental rearing on brain growth and behaviour.", "content": "The influence of early nutrition and environmental rearing on brain growth and behaviour. Preweaning malnutrition permanently reduced brain size and cellular content but in spite of changes in the adrenocotical stress response no learning deficit was observed. Differential rearing environments did not influence the effects of malnutrition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021442"}
{"pmid": "1021444", "title": "Modification of visual signals by nigral stimulation.", "content": "Modification of visual signals by nigral stimulation. Responses of the lateral geniculate neurons to light were modified by stimulation of the substantia nigra. Nigral stimulation often caused enhancement of firing in neurons responding primarily to flash, but it usually had the contrary effect on units inhibited by light.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021444"}
{"pmid": "1021445", "title": "Study of the characteristics of the inotropic effect of insulin in rabbit papillary muscle.", "content": "Study of the characteristics of the inotropic effect of insulin in rabbit papillary muscle. The effect of insulin was examined with emphasis on the alteration in the force-frequency relation. The results show that insulin does not change the time to peak tension nor the time of contraction. The inotropic effect was significant and did not depend upon the frequency of stimulation. However, there was a definite dependence of the magnitude of the inotropic effect on temperature. Previous studies have indicated that the inotropic effect is not a result of increased substrate availability or changes in cAMP phosphodiesterase activity. These results and those reported here are consistant with the hypothesis that insulin's inotropic effect is due to increases in intracellular Ca++.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021445"}
{"pmid": "1021446", "title": "Reticular potentials evoked by electrical stimulation of individual semicircular canals.", "content": "Reticular potentials evoked by electrical stimulation of individual semicircular canals. Responses of pontine reticular formation neurons following single shock electrical stimulation of single semicircular canals were recorded with tungsten microelectrodes in 40 curarized guinea-pigs. The field and unitary potentials obtained from 62 reticular sites, exhibited latency values ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 msec. The early latencies (0.3-0.5 msec) have been interpreted as responses mediated by primary vestibular fibres projecting directly to the reticular substance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021446"}
{"pmid": "1021447", "title": "Effects of three synthetic peptides analogous to neurophypophyseal hormones on the excitability of giant neurones of Achatina fulica Férussac.", "content": "Effects of three synthetic peptides analogous to neurophypophyseal hormones on the excitability of giant neurones of Achatina fulica Férussac. Deamino-dicarba-(D-D)oxytocin and D-D-Arg-vasotocin at 10(-4)Kg/l showed an excitatory effect on the periodically oxcillating neurone (PON) of Achatina fulica Férussac. D-D-Arg-vasopressin had no effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021447"}
{"pmid": "1021448", "title": "Metabolism of a biliary metabolite of phenacetin and other acetanilides by the intestinal microflora.", "content": "Metabolism of a biliary metabolite of phenacetin and other acetanilides by the intestinal microflora.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021448"}
{"pmid": "1021449", "title": "Potentiation by taurine of the inotropic effect of ouabain and the content of intracellular Ca++ and taurine in the heart.", "content": "Potentiation by taurine of the inotropic effect of ouabain and the content of intracellular Ca++ and taurine in the heart. Under certain conditions, taurine (3.0mM) potentiated cardiac contractile response to ouabain in the normal medium. The potentiation by taurine was also observed in the low K+ medium, in which the positive inotropic effect of ouabain increased. The potentiation as seen in both media was, at least in part, due to the increase by taurine of Ca++ content in the heart. Taurine in the heart was not directly related to this potentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021449"}
{"pmid": "1021451", "title": "Comparison of the ototoxic effect of kanamycin on albino and pigmented rats, studied using an operant method.", "content": "Comparison of the ototoxic effect of kanamycin on albino and pigmented rats, studied using an operant method. A study was made of the effect of daily administration of kanamycin (400 mg kg-1) on the hearing of Wistar albino and Lister hooded (pigmented) rats, which had been conditioned to discriminate an acoustic signal. In all animals except one, the drug caused severe, permanent hearing impairment and there was no difference between albino and pigmented rats in onset or degree. Other work has suggested a mediatory role for melanin pigment in such drug ototoxicity but the significance of this must be questioned in view of the failure to find any differences in functional deficit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021451"}
{"pmid": "1021452", "title": "Pseudolymphoma of skin induced by oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) venom.", "content": "Pseudolymphoma of skin induced by oriental hornet (Vespa orientalis) venom. Intradermal injection of saline suspension of Vespa orientalis venom sac to 57 black mice caused a local nodule composed of lymphocytes, few histiocytes and plasma cells 10 to 12 days following the injection. This reaction simulates the pseudolymphoma reaction observed in humans following arthropode stings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021452"}
{"pmid": "1021454", "title": "Intracisternal A type particles of the extraocular muscle of hereditary muscular dystrophy mouse.", "content": "Intracisternal A type particles of the extraocular muscle of hereditary muscular dystrophy mouse. Intracisternal A type virus (IA) particles were observed in the extraocular muscle fiber of hereditary muscular dystroph mouse. The particles appeared approximately 65-75 mmu in diameter, with electron lucent cores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021454"}
{"pmid": "1021455", "title": "Cilia in human fetal Schwann cells.", "content": "Cilia in human fetal Schwann cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021455"}
{"pmid": "1021456", "title": "Cell proliferation in the bone marrow and thymus following partial bone marrow aspiration.", "content": "Cell proliferation in the bone marrow and thymus following partial bone marrow aspiration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021456"}
{"pmid": "1021457", "title": "A transmission and scanning electron microsope study of primary neural induction.", "content": "A transmission and scanning electron microsope study of primary neural induction. Normal primary neural induction has been further studied by TEM and SEM. A single mesoderm cell is usually in contact with several ectoderm cells. The mesoderm cells are also contacting other mesoderm cells. It is suggested that ectoderm cells are induced in groups and that induction is synchronized by these contacts. At the points of contact between mesoderm and ectoderm cells cytoplasmic changes are present in the induced tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021457"}
{"pmid": "1021458", "title": "Nephrocompensatory growth following thymectomy.", "content": "Nephrocompensatory growth following thymectomy. Thymectomy performed 28 days before unilateral nephrectomy produced significant inhibition in compensatory renal growth (CRG) in 3-6-month-old rats. Sera from thymectomized animals are not deprived of their renotrophic activity, but thymectomy of serum recipients almost abolished the capability of renotrophic serum to produce CRG.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021458"}
{"pmid": "1021459", "title": "In vitro culture of larval amphibian erythroblasts.", "content": "In vitro culture of larval amphibian erythroblasts. A larval erythroblast culture method is described. By this method, it is possible to cultivate for several weeks a homogeneous population of cells (5-10(5) cells/ml medium on average after 4 or 5 days of culture), which are relatively synchronous with regard to their state of differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021459"}
{"pmid": "1021460", "title": "Alternative complement pathway: activity levels in allogeneic pregnancy.", "content": "Alternative complement pathway: activity levels in allogeneic pregnancy. Classical and alternative complement pathway activities have been evaluated in sera of women in progressive stages of gestation and in pregnant mice belonging to outbred or inbred matings, as compared to suitable controls. While classical C pathway was found to be unmodified, the alternative one attained in pregnancy significantly higher activity levels. Results are discussed in the light of mother-conceptus relationships.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021460"}
{"pmid": "1021461", "title": "Mast cells in the pinna of Balb/c 'nude' (nu/nu) and heterozygotes (ny/+)mice.", "content": "Mast cells in the pinna of Balb/c 'nude' (nu/nu) and heterozygotes (ny/+)mice. The relative number of mast cells in the ear lobes' skin (pinna) of nude (athymic) nu/nu and normal (thymic) nu/+ heterozygotes of Balb/c mice was similar. The results obtained contradict some suggestions about the general influence of the thymus on the number of mast cells in the skin and suggest the existence of some local factor(s) in regulation of skin mast cell numbers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021461"}
{"pmid": "1021462", "title": "Serum immunoconglutinins and complement in systemic lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Serum immunoconglutinins and complement in systemic lupus erythematosus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021462"}
{"pmid": "1021463", "title": "Lack of platelet factor-3 activation after incubation of platelet-rich plasma with kaolin in the rat.", "content": "Lack of platelet factor-3 activation after incubation of platelet-rich plasma with kaolin in the rat. Stypven times, measured in rat platelet-rich plasma (P.R.P.) after incubation with kaolin, did not shorten as incubation proceeded, thus reflecting the lack of development of platelet factor-3 (PF3) availability in this test system. Repeated freezing and thawing of P.R.P. or aggregation with collegan did result in PF-3 availability. Aggregation and PF-3 availability were inhibited by the compound VK774. These findings add another aspect to the list of species differences in platelet function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021463"}
{"pmid": "1021464", "title": "Serum and bile modifications in the guinea-pig following chronic treatment with PGE1 and PGE2.", "content": "Serum and bile modifications in the guinea-pig following chronic treatment with PGE1 and PGE2. PGE1 increases cholesterolemia without lipemia modifications. In bile there are not modifications in cholesterol levels and total lipids appear diminished. PGE2 raise the lipemia and have no effect in cholesterolemia, moreover bile cholesterol and total lipids exhibit no changes. Both PGE1 and PGE2 decreased the bile volume.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021464"}
{"pmid": "1021465", "title": "Conversion of testosterone to androstenedione by liver homogenates of testicular feminized mice.", "content": "Conversion of testosterone to androstenedione by liver homogenates of testicular feminized mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021465"}
{"pmid": "1021466", "title": "In vitro effect of dexamethasone in conversion of 4-14C progesterone in the fetal rat adrenal glands.", "content": "In vitro effect of dexamethasone in conversion of 4-14C progesterone in the fetal rat adrenal glands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021466"}
{"pmid": "1021469", "title": "The micro-focal x-ray unit and its application to bio-medical research.", "content": "The micro-focal x-ray unit and its application to bio-medical research. The micro-focal X-ray unit is a modified Cosslett and Nixon X-ray microscope of greater operational stability and flexibility. Its combination with a closed circuit television system provides a quick method of obtaining a point source of X-rays to examine the detailed structure of organs and biological specimens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021469"}
{"pmid": "1021467", "title": "RNA biosynthesis in isolated prothoracic glands of Tenebrio molitor in vitro.", "content": "RNA biosynthesis in isolated prothoracic glands of Tenebrio molitor in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021467"}
{"pmid": "1021468", "title": "Ovarian LDH activity in gonadotropin-treated immature rats.", "content": "Ovarian LDH activity in gonadotropin-treated immature rats. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was studied in the ovaries of immature rats treated with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMS). LDH activity increased sharply at 36 h after PMS injection in the ovarian tissue as well as in the blood. It was suggested that the increase of LDH activity in the ovary may be related to its increasing ability to secrete estrogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021468"}
{"pmid": "1021470", "title": "An inexpensive cuvet for spectrophotometry of samples in 5 mul volumes.", "content": "An inexpensive cuvet for spectrophotometry of samples in 5 mul volumes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021470"}
{"pmid": "1021471", "title": "Directional non-uniformity of pulsatile intramyocardial pressure.", "content": "Directional non-uniformity of pulsatile intramyocardial pressure. A method using piezoelectric ceramics was newly devised which permitted measurements of intramyocardial pressure. In open-chest dogs, a directional non-uniformity of the intramyocardial pressure was observed, which may be attributable to the variation in the myocardial fibre orientation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021471"}
{"pmid": "1021472", "title": "A heated stage and tissue culture chamber for electrophysiology.", "content": "A heated stage and tissue culture chamber for electrophysiology. A simple, inexpensive heating circuit is described for use with a warmed microscope stage, small tissue bath, and heated tissue culture chamber. A major consideration in the design of the apparatus is a compatability with electrophysiological studies. Thus, proper shielding and low profile for microelectrode positioning are featured.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021472"}
{"pmid": "1021478", "title": "Haematuria and haemoglobinuria in induced septic abortions. (Report of 3 cases).", "content": "Haematuria and haemoglobinuria in induced septic abortions. (Report of 3 cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021478"}
{"pmid": "1021479", "title": "Septic abortion--three year study 1971-1973. Hazards of septic abortion as compared to medical termination of pregnancy at Government Erskine Hospital, Madurai.", "content": "Septic abortion--three year study 1971-1973. Hazards of septic abortion as compared to medical termination of pregnancy at Government Erskine Hospital, Madurai.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021479"}
{"pmid": "1021480", "title": "Abortion and renal failure.", "content": "Abortion and renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021480"}
{"pmid": "1021481", "title": "Impact of abortion hazards on Family Planning Programme.", "content": "Impact of abortion hazards on Family Planning Programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021481"}
{"pmid": "1021482", "title": "Serum FSH, LH (HCG) and prolactin levels during and after labour.", "content": "Serum FSH, LH (HCG) and prolactin levels during and after labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021482"}
{"pmid": "1021483", "title": "Effect of proluton depot on postpartum milk secretion.", "content": "Effect of proluton depot on postpartum milk secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021483"}
{"pmid": "1021484", "title": "Role of emergency hysterectomy in obstetrics.", "content": "Role of emergency hysterectomy in obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021484"}
{"pmid": "1021485", "title": "Prolapse of the uterus complicating labour (A study of 38 cases).", "content": "Prolapse of the uterus complicating labour (A study of 38 cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021485"}
{"pmid": "1021486", "title": "Compound presentation and their management.", "content": "Compound presentation and their management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021486"}
{"pmid": "1021487", "title": "Maternal haemoglobin and fetal birth weight.", "content": "Maternal haemoglobin and fetal birth weight.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021487"}
{"pmid": "1021488", "title": "Comparative evaluation of urinary oestriol in normal and abnormal pregnancy in low socioeconomic classes.", "content": "Comparative evaluation of urinary oestriol in normal and abnormal pregnancy in low socioeconomic classes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021488"}
{"pmid": "1021489", "title": "Calmpose in labour.", "content": "Calmpose in labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021489"}
{"pmid": "1021490", "title": "Obstetric behaviour in teenagers. (a study of 1138 consecutive cases).", "content": "Obstetric behaviour in teenagers. (a study of 1138 consecutive cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021490"}
{"pmid": "1021491", "title": "Artificial insemination.", "content": "Artificial insemination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021491"}
{"pmid": "1021492", "title": "An optimal contraceptive pill. (A clinical study).", "content": "An optimal contraceptive pill. (A clinical study).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021492"}
{"pmid": "1021493", "title": "Fertility status following extrauterine gestation.", "content": "Fertility status following extrauterine gestation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021493"}
{"pmid": "1021495", "title": "Failures following tubal sterilisation.", "content": "Failures following tubal sterilisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021495"}
{"pmid": "1021494", "title": "Effect of Placentrex on tubal blockage and menstrual irregularities.", "content": "Effect of Placentrex on tubal blockage and menstrual irregularities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021494"}
{"pmid": "1021496", "title": "Placenta diffusa percreta.", "content": "Placenta diffusa percreta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021496"}
{"pmid": "1021497", "title": "Abdominal pregnancy - (3 Case reports).", "content": "Abdominal pregnancy - (3 Case reports).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021497"}
{"pmid": "1021498", "title": "A rare complication of twin pregnancy: impaction of twins. (Case report).", "content": "A rare complication of twin pregnancy: impaction of twins. (Case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021498"}
{"pmid": "1021499", "title": "An interesting case of unilateral fused kidneys with haematometra.", "content": "An interesting case of unilateral fused kidneys with haematometra.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021499"}
{"pmid": "1021500", "title": "Precocious puberty.", "content": "Precocious puberty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021500"}
{"pmid": "1021501", "title": "Hydrosalpinx following tubal ligation.", "content": "Hydrosalpinx following tubal ligation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021501"}
{"pmid": "1021502", "title": "Testicular feminization syndrome.", "content": "Testicular feminization syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021502"}
{"pmid": "1021503", "title": "Degenerating cervical myoma simulating chronic puerperal inversion and gangrene of uterus - (Report of a case).", "content": "Degenerating cervical myoma simulating chronic puerperal inversion and gangrene of uterus - (Report of a case).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021503"}
{"pmid": "1021504", "title": "Central rupture of perineum. (A case report).", "content": "Central rupture of perineum. (A case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021504"}
{"pmid": "1021505", "title": "Lung carcinomas induced by oral administration of N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine in rats.", "content": "Lung carcinomas induced by oral administration of N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine in rats. The oral administration of N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) in drinking water induced lung tumors in high incidence in rats at 25 weeks. Histologically, they were adenoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and combined squamous cell and adenocarcinoma. Metastases of adenocarcinoma were observed in regional lymph nodes. The development of tumors in other sites was seen in the liver, thyroid, kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and pancreas. The incidence of lung tumor was distinctly higher than that of other sites. These results indicate that the target organ of DHPN was the lung and that oral administration of this chemical carcinogen was responsible for the development of lung carcinomas in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021505"}
{"pmid": "1021506", "title": "Mouse strain differences in macrophage activation and anti-tumor activity induced by Propionibacterium acnes (anaerobic coryneforms).", "content": "Mouse strain differences in macrophage activation and anti-tumor activity induced by Propionibacterium acnes (anaerobic coryneforms). Effect of Propionibacterium acnes on macrophage activation and antitumor activity was examined in ddN and SL mice. (1) Carbon clearance was enhanced to the same extent by P. acnes  treatment in both strains. (2) Number of peritoneal macrophages increased to the same extent by P. acnes treatment in both strains. (3) Adhesiveness of peritoneal macrophages, as demonstrated by inhibition or migration or an increase in spreading cells, was enhanced more efficiently in ddN than in SL mice P. acnes treatment. (4) Mice of both strains died in a similar patterns, when they were not pretreated in any way. The treatment with P. acnes conferred antitumor activity of a higher degree in ddN than in SL mice. (5) Peritoneal macrophages of ddN mice treated with P. acnes exhibited an antitumor activity in in vivo neutralization test. These results suggest that strain difference in augmentation of antitumor activity by P. acnes is ascribed to distinct sensitivity of macrophage functions to a stimulative effect of P. acnes in the mouse strains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021506"}
{"pmid": "1021507", "title": "Comparative studies on the antitumor effect on intravenous administration of carbazilquinone and mitomycin-C.", "content": "Comparative studies on the antitumor effect on intravenous administration of carbazilquinone and mitomycin-C. Comparison between Carbazilquinone and Mitomycin-C, both of which contain aziridinyl, carbamoyloxy, and quinonyl groups, was made for their therapeutic effect upon intravenous administration. Although both agents exhibited a significant effect on plasmacytoma X5563 in C3H/He mice to a similar extent, Mitomycin-C was not as effective on lympholeukemia L-1210 and on the lung metastasis of Ehrlich carcinoma in (C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1 (BDF1) mice as was Carbazilquinone. Possible interpretations regarding this discrepancy are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021507"}
{"pmid": "1021508", "title": "Biochemical study of pyloric metaplasia in the mucosa regenerating over iodoacetamide-induced fundic ulcers in rat stomach.", "content": "Biochemical study of pyloric metaplasia in the mucosa regenerating over iodoacetamide-induced fundic ulcers in rat stomach. The molecular species and content of pepsinogen in regenerated mucosa over fundic ulcers induced in a rat stomach by iodoacetamide were found to be the same as those in normal pyloric mucosa, but different from those in normal fundic mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021508"}
{"pmid": "1021509", "title": "Damage and repair of rat liver DNA by simultaneous oral administration of amines and nitrite.", "content": "Damage and repair of rat liver DNA by simultaneous oral administration of amines and nitrite. The effect of simultaneous oral administration of dimethylamine or aminopyrine and sodium nitrite on the damage and repair of rat liver DNA was studied by the use of centrifugation in alkaline sucrose gradient. Fragmentation of the intact DNA was observed significantly shortly after combined treatment with aminopyrine and nitrite when no liver necrosis occurred yet and the damaged DNA at the lower dosage level of aminopyrine with nitrite was found to be repaired in contrast to the increased activity of serum aminotransferase. The lowest effective dose on DNA damage at 2 hr after administration was about 40 mg/kg of aminopyrine and 80 mg/kg of sodium nitrite. This effect was equal to that caused by single oral administration of 2 to 10 mg/kg of dimethylnitrosamine, while dimethylamine at 160 or 320 mg/kg together with 80 mg/kg of sodium nitrite produced no pronounced DNA damage. The significant damage of rat liver DNA by aminopyrine and nitrite correlates well with the easier nitrosation of aminopyrine and the occurrence of high incidence of malignant liver tumors in rats fed aminopyrine together with nitrite already reported by Lijinsky.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021509"}
{"pmid": "1021511", "title": "Growth of mammary tumors in a high and a low mammary tumor strains of mice established from the same basal stock of Swiss albino.", "content": "Growth of mammary tumors in a high and a low mammary tumor strains of mice established from the same basal stock of Swiss albino. The growth of spontaneous mammary tumors and of tumors transplanted into the animals with different hormonal conditions was compared between SHN and SLN strains of female mice established from the same basal stock of Swiss albino as a high and a low mammary tumor strains, respectively. There were little differences between strains in the growth of spontaneous mammary tumors of multiparous mice which appeared first. The growth of transplanted mammary tumors was not affected by the hormonal conditions of the hosts in either strains. However, the tumors became palpable one week after transplantation in SHN, which was 2 weeks earlier than in SLN. These findings indicate that the selection of animals for mammary tumorigenesis is effective on the time and frequency of malignant transformation of mammary cells and on the \"\"take'' of transplanted tumor cells, but not on the growth potentiality of already established tumors. They further suggest autonomy in the growth of mammary tumors in both strains of mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021511"}
{"pmid": "1021510", "title": "Effect of 4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (allopurinol) administration of growth of Ehrlich tumor cells.", "content": "Effect of 4-hydroxypyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (allopurinol) administration of growth of Ehrlich tumor cells. Effect of the administration of 4-hydroxypyrazolo([3,4-d]pyrimidine (allopurinol) on the growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells was investigated in an in vivo system. Oral administration of allopurinol (0.1% in diet) suppressed the growth of both ascites and solid types of the tumor after the implantation of Ehrlich tumor cells in mice. The inhibitory action depended on the dose but was lost repidly when the administration was interrupted. Possible mechanisms involved in the inhibitory effect of allopurinol on tumor growth were briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021510"}
{"pmid": "1021512", "title": "Macroscopic demonstration of the distribution of intestinal metaplasia by leucine aminopeptidase activity.", "content": "Macroscopic demonstration of the distribution of intestinal metaplasia by leucine aminopeptidase activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021512"}
{"pmid": "1021513", "title": "Examination of antitumor activities of platinum complexes of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane isomers and their related complexes.", "content": "Examination of antitumor activities of platinum complexes of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane isomers and their related complexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021513"}
{"pmid": "1021514", "title": "In vitro assay of catalase-depressing activity of toxohormone in cultured liver cells.", "content": "In vitro assay of catalase-depressing activity of toxohormone in cultured liver cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021514"}
{"pmid": "1021520", "title": "The adequacy of census data in planning and advocacy for the elderly.", "content": "The adequacy of census data in planning and advocacy for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021520"}
{"pmid": "1021519", "title": "The behaviour of acetylcholinesterase activity in neurons of the bulbous part of the reticular formation in albino rats after bilateral vagotomy.", "content": "The behaviour of acetylcholinesterase activity in neurons of the bulbous part of the reticular formation in albino rats after bilateral vagotomy. The influence of a bilateral vagotomy on the acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in the neurons of the bulbous part of the reticular formation of albino rats was investigated. An increase in the reaction to acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was ascertained in the large as well as the small neurons 8 h after the transection of the vagus nerves, which indicates their decreased activity. It may be assumed that a bilateral vagotomy causes a decrease in the activity of cholinergic mechanisms within the periphery of the reticular formation neurons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021519"}
{"pmid": "1021521", "title": "Estimating the local need for elderly congregate housing.", "content": "Estimating the local need for elderly congregate housing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021521"}
{"pmid": "1021522", "title": "Barrier-free environments for older americans.", "content": "Barrier-free environments for older americans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021522"}
{"pmid": "1021523", "title": "The planning and implementation of a night emergency service for elderly living in congregate housing.", "content": "The planning and implementation of a night emergency service for elderly living in congregate housing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021523"}
{"pmid": "1021524", "title": "Two models of geriatric day care; findings from a comparative study.", "content": "Two models of geriatric day care; findings from a comparative study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021524"}
{"pmid": "1021525", "title": "Independence training in nursing-home residents.", "content": "Independence training in nursing-home residents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021525"}
{"pmid": "1021526", "title": "Senior esteem as a factor of socioeconomic complexity.", "content": "Senior esteem as a factor of socioeconomic complexity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021526"}
{"pmid": "1021527", "title": "Patterns of leisure and adjustment to retirement.", "content": "Patterns of leisure and adjustment to retirement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021527"}
{"pmid": "1021528", "title": "Clinical training and legal services for older people: the role of the law schools.", "content": "Clinical training and legal services for older people: the role of the law schools.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021528"}
{"pmid": "1021529", "title": "The professional status of gerontology.", "content": "The professional status of gerontology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021529"}
{"pmid": "1021530", "title": "Social security: individual or social equity?", "content": "Social security: individual or social equity?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021530"}
{"pmid": "1021531", "title": "Good Times.", "content": "Good Times.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021531"}
{"pmid": "1021532", "title": "Stamps and the students of aging.", "content": "Stamps and the students of aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021532"}
{"pmid": "1021533", "title": "Vision and mental function of the elderly.", "content": "Vision and mental function of the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021533"}
{"pmid": "1021534", "title": "An outcome evaluation of reality orientation therapy with geriatric patients in a state mental hospital.", "content": "An outcome evaluation of reality orientation therapy with geriatric patients in a state mental hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021534"}
{"pmid": "1021535", "title": "The relationship of scientific objectives to population selection and attrition in longitudinal studies. The case of the normative aging study.", "content": "The relationship of scientific objectives to population selection and attrition in longitudinal studies. The case of the normative aging study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021535"}
{"pmid": "1021536", "title": "Geriatric day care: a family perspective.", "content": "Geriatric day care: a family perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021536"}
{"pmid": "1021537", "title": "Support groups for elderly persons in the community.", "content": "Support groups for elderly persons in the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021537"}
{"pmid": "1021538", "title": "Community services for the aged: the view from eight countries.", "content": "Community services for the aged: the view from eight countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021538"}
{"pmid": "1021539", "title": "Planning for income adequacy in retirement: the expectations of current workers.", "content": "Planning for income adequacy in retirement: the expectations of current workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021539"}
{"pmid": "1021540", "title": "Care of the aged: attitudes of white ethnic families.", "content": "Care of the aged: attitudes of white ethnic families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021540"}
{"pmid": "1021541", "title": "Humanistic instructional strategies and retirement education programming.", "content": "Humanistic instructional strategies and retirement education programming.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021541"}
{"pmid": "1021542", "title": "Monoamine oxidase activity in blood platelets in alcoholism.", "content": "Monoamine oxidase activity in blood platelets in alcoholism. A newly developed assay for monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in blood platelets was applied in 50 alcoholic patients. The assay is the direct measurement of serotonin oxidation by MAO employing a double microcolumn technique on Sephadex G-10 and Amberlite CG-50 for separating 5-HIAA formed, which is measured fluorimetrically. Rebound of MAO activity levels after withdrawal of alcohol was observed to be more pronounced in the patients with delirium tremens than those who exhibited no outstanding abstinent symptomatology. MAO activity levels measured in the 1st week of alcohol withdrawal were 3.49 +/- 1.15 (Mean +/- S.D) nmol/mg protein/hour in the alcoholic patients with delirium tremens, a value significantly lower than that in the subjects without (p less than 0.01) and that in the male normal subjects (p less than 0.001). Four weeks after withdrawal of alcohol, the reduced MAO activity levels in the alcoholic population were restored to normal levels. These data demonstrate that physical dependency for alcohol occurred evidently in the alcoholic patients examined. Delirium tremens and other psychotic symptoms in alcoholism may be manifested as impaired serotonin metabolism in the brain, which may be due to MAO inhibition caused by excessive alcohol intake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021542"}
{"pmid": "1021543", "title": "Reduction of blood platelet serotonin levels in manic and depressed patients.", "content": "Reduction of blood platelet serotonin levels in manic and depressed patients. Blood platelet serotonin levels were measured in unmedicated 12 manic and 74 depressive patients with 118 normal control subjects employed. Blood platelets were separated by multiple centrifugation in the medium of Na2-EDTA solution, and the loss of serotonin during collecting procedures was about 11%. The mean value of blood platelet serotonin levels in depressed patients was 594 +/- 288 ng/mg platelet protein (+/- S.D.), which was significantly lower than that for normal controls, 780 +/- 253 ng/mg protein (p less than 0.001). Age does not account for the reduction of serotonin levels both in depressed and in normal population. Unipolar and involutional depressed patients exhibited to have the most pronounced reduced levels of serotonin of various subtypes of depression, while bipolar depressed patients, neurotic and chronic characterological depressed patients as well as patients with first-episode depression had the values which were comparable with those in normal controls. Manic patients did not show enhancement but did reduction of serotonin levels, the mean being 580 +/- 152 ng/mg protein, which made a contrast with their clinical manifestations of exhilaration and hyperactivity. Changes in blood platelet serotonin levels were determined before, during and after administration of L-5-HTP with a maintenance dose of 300 mg daily in nine depressed patients. Serotonin levels in all subjects were lifted to normal levels during the L-5-HTP treatment, while clinical symptoms were not improved with the treatment. Reduction of blood platelet serotonin levels in depressed patients may be due to their psychobiological distinction, which involves abnormal biogenic amine metabolism in the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021543"}
{"pmid": "1021544", "title": "A biofeedback study of postural sway.", "content": "A biofeedback study of postural sway. An experiment was performed to control postural sway under auditory and visual feedback signals using a new apparatus. The subjects of 52 healthy high school girls were divided into 13 small groups. Each small group had four subjects who were assigned to one of the following four groups; 1) visual feedback group, 2) auditory feedback group, 3) auditory and visual feedback group, and 4) control group. Comparisons were made as to the duration of the green lamp being on, which indicated sway stayed around the initial central gravity. The results showed that auditory and visual feedback groups had a significant increase in the duration as compared to other three groups. With regard to the changes in the areas of postural sway, the largest increase was seen in the auditory and visual group. While the three feedback groups showed downward curves, the control group showed an upward one. Thus it is suggested that postural sway can be voluntarily controlled by a combination of an auditory feedback procedure and a visual feedback procedure, but not by either of them independently.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021544"}
{"pmid": "1021545", "title": "Hypokalemic myopathy due to chronic alcoholism.", "content": "Hypokalemic myopathy due to chronic alcoholism. A patient with hypokalemic myopathy occurring in the context of chronic alcoholism was reported. A 56-year-old male patient, heavy drinker for 20 years, complained of marked weakness and acutely developing pains in his limbs. The principal clinical findings were weakness and tenderness of the proximal limbs and girdle muscle. He was unable to lift his head or any extremities from the bed. Deep tendon reflexes were diminished, but not absent. There was no sensory disturbance except for muscle tenderness. These clinical manifestations disappeared gradually by abstinence from drinking, and potassium administration therapy, and the patient recovered completely on the 26th day after onset. On the day after admission (8th day), serum potassium value was 2.2 mEq/L, and serum CPK activity was 4270 IU. The ECG pattern was consistent with a diagnosis of low potassium content in serum, and the EMG pattern was consistent with a diagnosis of myopathy. These electrophysiological findings had a tendency to recover from this pattern to normal range correspondingly with clinical improvement. The repeated muscle biopsies showed that vacuolation, hyaline degeneration and significant phagocyte infiltration were observed in the muscle on the 9th day after the onset of muscle weakness, and that these pathological findings disappeared almost completely three weeks later. The frequently repeated examinations of potassium content and CPK activity in sera showed that there was a close correlation between these biochemical abnormalities and clinical improvement. The pathogenesis of alcoholic myopathy and significance of CPK abnormality in chronic alcoholism were discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021545"}
{"pmid": "1021546", "title": "Effects of electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra on responses of the lateral geniculate body neurons to light.", "content": "Effects of electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra on responses of the lateral geniculate body neurons to light. Effects of electrical stimulation of the substantia nigra on responses of the lateral geniculate neurons to light were studied. Responses of the neurons to flash were enhanced or inhibited by conditioning stimulation of the substantia nigra. Enhancement of firing by nigral stimulation more often occurred in neurons excited primarily by flash, but inhibition was more commonly observed in those which showed a primary neuronal silence after light.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021546"}
{"pmid": "1021547", "title": "Effects of psychotropic drugs upon the hypothalamic rage response in cats.", "content": "Effects of psychotropic drugs upon the hypothalamic rage response in cats. Effects of Chlorpromazine (CPZ), Haloperidol (HLP), Pentobarbital (PTB), and Diazepam (DZP) upon thresholds of the hypothalamically elicited rage response, i.e., directed attack and treat responses, were studied in chronic cats. All these drugs elevated the directed attack thresholds. CPZ and HLP elevated also the threat response thresholds and produced ataxia, but DZP did not show these effects. From these results, it is suggested that CPA and HLP suppressed the amygdalo-ventromedial hypothalamic nuclear and cerebellar functions and DZP suppressed the afferent pathway of the direct attack. PTB showed intermediate effects between the above two groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021547"}
{"pmid": "1021549", "title": "Somatic hybridization in higher plants.", "content": "Somatic hybridization in higher plants. Somatic hybridization in higher plants has come into focus since methods have been established for protoplast fusion and uptake of foreign DNA and organelles by protoplasts. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was an effective agent for inducing fusion. Treatment of protoplasts with PEG resulted in 5 to 30% heterospecific fusion products. Protoplasts of different species, genera and even families were compatible when fused. A number of protoplast combinations (soybean + corn, soybean + pea, soybean + tobacco, carrot + barley, etc.) provided fusion products which underwent cell division and callus formation. Fusion products initially were heterokaryocytes. In dividing heterokaryocytes, random distribution of mitotic nuclei was observed to be accompanied by multiple wall formation and to result in chimeral callus. Juxtaposition of mitotic nuclei suggested nuclear fusion and hybrid formation. Fusion of heterospecific interphase nuclei was demonstrated in soybean + pea and carrot + barley heterokaryons. Provided parental protoplasts carry suitable markers, the fusion products can be recognized. For the isolation and cloning of hybrid cells, fusion experiments must be supplemented with a selective system. Complementation of two non-allelic genes that prevent or inhibit growth under special culture conditions appears as the principle on which to base the selection of somatic hybrids. As protoplasts of some species have been induced to regenerate entire plants, the development of hybrid plants from protoplast fusion products is feasible and has already been demonstrated for tobacco.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021549"}
{"pmid": "1021548", "title": "Sexual and parasexual approaches to the genetic analysis of the laboratory mouse, Mus musculus.", "content": "Sexual and parasexual approaches to the genetic analysis of the laboratory mouse, Mus musculus. The mouse genetic map has been characterized largely through breeding studies based on the principles of Mendelian genetics. More recently, specific genetic information has been obtained from somatic cell studies using the techniques of in situ hybridization and somatic cell hybridization. The genetic analysis possible through these sexual and parasexual approaches is described, and specific linkage information from recent somatic cell studies is reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021548"}
{"pmid": "1021550", "title": "Characteristics of solgel scintillators for liquid scintillation counting of aqueous and non-aqueous samples.", "content": "Characteristics of solgel scintillators for liquid scintillation counting of aqueous and non-aqueous samples.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021550"}
{"pmid": "1021551", "title": "Chemical and biological studies on 99mTc-DMS--II: Effect of Sn(II) on the formation of various Tc-DMS complexes.", "content": "Chemical and biological studies on 99mTc-DMS--II: Effect of Sn(II) on the formation of various Tc-DMS complexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021551"}
{"pmid": "1021552", "title": "A criterion for classifying radioactive cells.", "content": "A criterion for classifying radioactive cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021552"}
{"pmid": "1021553", "title": "Projected numbers of health physicists, 1975-2000.", "content": "Projected numbers of health physicists, 1975-2000.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021553"}
{"pmid": "1021554", "title": "Radiochemical determination of 89Sr and 90Sr: a comparison of methods based on error analysis.", "content": "Radiochemical determination of 89Sr and 90Sr: a comparison of methods based on error analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021554"}
{"pmid": "1021555", "title": "Photostimulated thermoluminescence of lithium fluoride as an ultraviolet radiation dosimeter.", "content": "Photostimulated thermoluminescence of lithium fluoride as an ultraviolet radiation dosimeter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021555"}
{"pmid": "1021556", "title": "Predicted and measured exposures from 41Ar released to the atmosphere by a heavy water research reactor.", "content": "Predicted and measured exposures from 41Ar released to the atmosphere by a heavy water research reactor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021556"}
{"pmid": "1021557", "title": "An investigation of occupational exposure of Taiwan (1973-1975).", "content": "An investigation of occupational exposure of Taiwan (1973-1975).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021557"}
{"pmid": "1021558", "title": "The chemical form of americium and curium in urine.", "content": "The chemical form of americium and curium in urine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021558"}
{"pmid": "1021559", "title": "Thermoluminescence of Mgo single crystals for u.v. dosimetry.", "content": "Thermoluminescence of Mgo single crystals for u.v. dosimetry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021559"}
{"pmid": "1021561", "title": "Radiation exposure during air and ground transportation.", "content": "Radiation exposure during air and ground transportation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021561"}
{"pmid": "1021560", "title": "Biological half-life of a 95mtechnetium labeled bone imaging agent.", "content": "Biological half-life of a 95mtechnetium labeled bone imaging agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021560"}
{"pmid": "1021562", "title": "Handling technique for thermoluminescent dosimeters.", "content": "Handling technique for thermoluminescent dosimeters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021562"}
{"pmid": "1021563", "title": "\"Half-life\" terminology for 137Cs in humans.", "content": "\"Half-life\" terminology for 137Cs in humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021563"}
{"pmid": "1021564", "title": "Study of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and abnormal haemoglobins in an endogamous community--\"Katkaris\"--a survey.", "content": "Study of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and abnormal haemoglobins in an endogamous community--\"Katkaris\"--a survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021564"}
{"pmid": "1021566", "title": "Intraluminal manometry in evaluation of esophageal disease.", "content": "Intraluminal manometry in evaluation of esophageal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021566"}
{"pmid": "1021565", "title": "Haemostasis in hepatic disorders.", "content": "Haemostasis in hepatic disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021565"}
{"pmid": "1021567", "title": "Renal amyloidosis.", "content": "Renal amyloidosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021567"}
{"pmid": "1021569", "title": "Amyloid--an unfolding enigma.", "content": "Amyloid--an unfolding enigma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021569"}
{"pmid": "1021568", "title": "Cerebrospinal fluid lactic dehydrogenase activity in various neurological disorders.", "content": "Cerebrospinal fluid lactic dehydrogenase activity in various neurological disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021568"}
{"pmid": "1021570", "title": "Congenital familial non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinaemia.", "content": "Congenital familial non-hemolytic hyperbilirubinaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021570"}
{"pmid": "1021571", "title": "Renal hydatid cyst presenting with hypertension.", "content": "Renal hydatid cyst presenting with hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021571"}
{"pmid": "1021572", "title": "A study of metabolic bone disorder in cirrhosis liver.", "content": "A study of metabolic bone disorder in cirrhosis liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021572"}
{"pmid": "1021577", "title": "Research in orthokeratology. Part I: Introduction and background.", "content": "Research in orthokeratology. Part I: Introduction and background.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021577"}
{"pmid": "1021578", "title": "Prescribing for performance and prevention.", "content": "Prescribing for performance and prevention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021578"}
{"pmid": "1021580", "title": "Why the career OD in the army is biting the bullet today.", "content": "Why the career OD in the army is biting the bullet today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021580"}
{"pmid": "1021579", "title": "The stimuli to accommodation in the optometric examination.", "content": "The stimuli to accommodation in the optometric examination. The study of the stimuli to accommodation has been a topic of particular interest to vision scientists for the past 40 years. Currently, as revealed by a review of the literature, there are 11 different stimuli to accommodation. While it is difficult enough to hold 10 stimuli constant to measure the effect of a single stimulus, stimulus control becomes an even bigger problem when we consider stimulus interactions. With 11 different stimuli there are 2,047 possible stimulus combinations. In the present paper, the authors discuss at length the relationship between stimulus control problems and clinical optometric routine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021579"}
{"pmid": "1021581", "title": "Optometry as a primary health entry point.", "content": "Optometry as a primary health entry point.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021581"}
{"pmid": "1021582", "title": "Prescribing simple low vision aids--a case report.", "content": "Prescribing simple low vision aids--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021582"}
{"pmid": "1021583", "title": "The interpretation of systemic arterial blood pressure. Part I: Glaucoma, papilledema and pharmacology.", "content": "The interpretation of systemic arterial blood pressure. Part I: Glaucoma, papilledema and pharmacology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021583"}
{"pmid": "1021584", "title": "Prevalence of undiagnosed eye/vision disorders in a VA hospital.", "content": "Prevalence of undiagnosed eye/vision disorders in a VA hospital. A study population of one hundred and one subjects, chosen according to recommended epidemiologic procedures to assure an accurate representation of the total Birmingham veteran population, were given complete optometric examinations. The primary criterion for inclusion in the study was a need for coming to the hospital on the interview day for any health problem other than visual or ocular. The results of the statistical analysis showed agreement between the Birmingham veteran population and the general population with regard to vision and ocular disorders. Presbyopia was found to be the most prevalent vision disorder, and fifty-four per cent of the study population needed either prescription lenses for the first time or a significant change in their present spectacles for maximum visual acuity. When this figure is projected nationally, fifty-four percent of the fourteen million outpatients treated last year in VA medical care facilities would represent 7,616,000 veterans in need of vision care services annually. In fact, since the sample average age was 46, and the average age for veterans nationally is 55, the figure for those with uncorrected vision defects may be even higher.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021584"}
{"pmid": "1021585", "title": "An interdisciplinary team approach--a case report.", "content": "An interdisciplinary team approach--a case report. A case study is presented as a means of demonstrating the advantage of an interdisciplinary approach. The paper familiarizes the reader with the contributions to be made by a team composed of an optometrist, speech pathologist/audiologist, psychologist, and educational diagnostician. Based on the authors' experiences, it would appear that the total team approach is a most beneficial way of assisting the child with a learning disability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021585"}
{"pmid": "1021586", "title": "A defense against professional liability? Precision measurement of the corneal topography.", "content": "A defense against professional liability? Precision measurement of the corneal topography. New techniques must be developed if optometry is to be adequately armed against malpractice liability--especially in terms of contact lenses. An instrument capable of both measuring and recording corneal topography is essential to development of the optometrist's first line of defense: Proper instrumentational record-keeping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021586"}
{"pmid": "1021587", "title": "Adverse response to prism therapy in strabismus.", "content": "Adverse response to prism therapy in strabismus. The recent literature on prism therapy in strabismus is reviewed. A case is reported in which an esotrope, treated by means of prism neutralization to effect sensory orthotropia, responded with a marked increase in the angle of squint. Guidelines are suggested to minimize risk of such adverse effect when prism therapy is attempted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021587"}
{"pmid": "1021588", "title": "Changes in corneal curvature and refractive error upon refitting with flatter hydrophilic contact lenses.", "content": "Changes in corneal curvature and refractive error upon refitting with flatter hydrophilic contact lenses. Eight subjects who wore hydroxy-ethylmethacrylate (HEMA) contact lenses showed a steepening in corneal curvature and an increase of minus in their post-wear refraction after three months of wear. After one year or more of wear, with the previously noted changes still present, these patients were fitted with a flatter series lenses which they wore for three months. Significant results are noted in corneal curvature and post-wear refractive error.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021588"}
{"pmid": "1021589", "title": "Case history: Vision care of Paul, infant-at-risk.", "content": "Case history: Vision care of Paul, infant-at-risk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021589"}
{"pmid": "1021590", "title": "Unusual pupillary response.", "content": "Unusual pupillary response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021590"}
{"pmid": "1021591", "title": "A classification for congenital limb malformations.", "content": "A classification for congenital limb malformations. The classification for congenital limb malformations adopted by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand, the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand, and the International Society of Prosthetics and Orthotics is presented. This method groups similar patterns of deficiencies according to the parts that have been primarily affected by certain embryological failures, whether the insult involves a total part (skeletal and soft tissue) or only the dermomyofascial structures. The main categories of this classification are (I) failure of formation of parts. (II) failure of differentiation (separation) of parts, (III) duplication, (IV) overgrowth, (V) undergrowth, (VI) congenital constriction band syndrome, and (VII) generalized skeletal abnormalities. The rationale and method of use of the classification are discussed. This method has been tested and used in a variety of centers and has been found to be properly conceived and practical.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021591"}
{"pmid": "1021599", "title": "Aspartate aminotransferase activity and glutamic dehydrogenase in the cerebellar cortex in several species of animals. A histochemical study.", "content": "Aspartate aminotransferase activity and glutamic dehydrogenase in the cerebellar cortex in several species of animals. A histochemical study. The histochemical study of the consumption of glutamic acid by way of the aspartate aminotransferase and the glutamic dehydrogenase in the cerebellar cortex of several species of animals have demonstrated that in that nerve centre exists some structures in which the mentioned consumption is specially or exclusively realized by means of one way and not for other different one. Is observed, as well, that in the rats, chicken and lizard, the baskets that surround the Purkinje cells are constituted by basket cells axons and by recurrent collaterals of Purkinje axons and that those structures have an intense aspartate aminotransferase activity, but not glutamic dehydrogenase. The aspartate aminotransferase activity was not observed on the other side, in the perikarya of the Purkinje cells of the related animals. However, there exists intense glutamic dehydrogenase activity. On the other hand, in the toad was not observed baskets with aspartate aminotransferase activity but this enzyme was presented on the other side in the perikarya of the Purkinje cells. All these observations have suggested the possibility that this special utilization of the glutamic acid is in some way concerned with the transmission phenomenons of the nerve impulse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021599"}
{"pmid": "1021592", "title": "Biochemical genetic variation in populations of golden trout, Salmo aguabonita: evidence of the threatened Little Kern River golden trout, S.a. whitei.", "content": "Biochemical genetic variation in populations of golden trout, Salmo aguabonita: evidence of the threatened Little Kern River golden trout, S.a. whitei. Eight wild populations of the High Sierra golden trout, Salmo aguabonita, and one domestic stock of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, were examined for biochemical-genetic variation in eight protein systems. Variation within the eight systems was determined by at least 10 loci in both golden and rainbow trout and all the alleles identified in rainbow trout were observed as electro-phoretically identical phenotypes in golden trout. Variation was observed at an average of 51 percent of the loci in the golden trout samples and for five of the 10 loci in the rainbow trout. Average heterozygosity ranged from 12.6 to 13.9 percent for seven of the golden trout populations with one showing a low value of 5.4 percent. A comparable estimate of 12.1 percent was found for the rainbow stock. On the basis of genetic variation and allele frequencies at three loci, the eight golden trout populations were divided into two distinct groups. Three populations sampled from the Little Kern River basin tended to be genetically distinct from two additional Little Kern River basin populations and from three geographically distinct populations sampled from the eastern Kern River area. The former three populations were hypothesized to be of a recent rainbow-golden hybrid origin. Trout in the other two Little Kern River basin populations, sampled in head-waters of a stream tributary to the Little Kern River, were considered to be the threatened Little Kern golden trout, S. a. whitei Evermann, due to their high degree of genetic similarity to the geographically distinct subspecies S. a. aguabonita sampled from the eastern Kern River area. The finding of substantial genetic variation in the wild golden trout populations indicates that this threatened species is not at present genetically impoverished and thus does not appear to be in immediate danger of extinction through lack of adaptive capability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021592"}
{"pmid": "1021601", "title": "Retinotectal system of the tortoise, Testudo horsfieldi, Gray (morpho-functional study in the norm and after enucleation).", "content": "Retinotectal system of the tortoise, Testudo horsfieldi, Gray (morpho-functional study in the norm and after enucleation). The optic nerve and mesencephalic optic centre (tectum opticum, TO) of the tortoise, Testudo horsfieldi, Gray, in the norm and after the enucleation have been studies using Golgi's method, electron microscopy and the electrophysiological technique. The optic nerve comprises about 400,000 fibres represented by two classes of axons: myelinated (10%) and unmyelinated (90%). The diameters of the former vary within 0.3-3 mum, of the latter within 0.3-1.1 mum. The neurogramms of the optic nerve contain two components corresponding to the two rates of conduction through different groups of fibres (1.3 musec and 0.5 musec). The stratified synaptic organization of the TO has been investigated. The optic terminals are shown to join in complex synaptic formations at certain levels of the upper layers of the TO (Strata I, II and III). The process of degeneration in the optic system of Testudo is drastically stretched in time. It was demonstrated by the electrophysiological control that the TO potentials induced in response to the nerve stimulation were not registered any longer only 6-6.5 months after the enucleation. Certain groups of retinal fibres of the optic nerve and their terminals in the TO are shown to degenerate differently and asynchronously. Earlier unknown types of destructive changes of the terminals (vesicular, neurofilamentous, glycogen and others) are described. It is suggested that the different types of degeneration of the optic fibres and their terminals are the result of possible biochemical heterogeneity of the retinal ganglious cells. The comparison of the terms and types of degeneration of different groups of nervous fibres in the optic nerve and their terminals in the TO has revealed some correlations suggesting that the myelinated optic fibres produce nervous terminals degenerating by the \"dark\" type, whereas the unmyelinated optic axons may be subdivided into several groups, each producing nervous terminals subjected to a definite type of destruction (\"clear\", \"vesicular\", \"neurofilamentous\" etc.). The localization of certain groups of therminals at certain levels of the cortical plate of the TO confirms the electrophysiological data on the stratified organization of the retino-tectal projections in the TO of lower vertebrates. It has been shown by the comparison of the results obtained with those reported for Emys orbicularis, L. that the two species have marked differences in the morpho-functional characteristics of the retino-tectal system, neuronic composition of the TO, the character of destructive changes of the terminals after the enucleation and the component composition of polysynaptic complexes and glomerules. Probably these differences may come from the peculiarities of the perception and transformation of visual information in the species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021601"}
{"pmid": "1021593", "title": "Random determination of a developmental process: reversal of normal visceral asymmetry in the mouse.", "content": "Random determination of a developmental process: reversal of normal visceral asymmetry in the mouse. Situs inversus viscerum in the mouse has been shown to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait (gene symbol iv) with reduced penetrance. It is hypothesized that the normal allele at the iv locus exhibits complete dominance and controls normal visceral asymmetry. Absence of this control allows the situs of visceral asymmetry to be determined in a random fashion. This hypothesis also appears to apply to the inheritance of situs inversus in man and to the experimental production of situs inversus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021593"}
{"pmid": "1021603", "title": "Effect of strontium on the epiphyseal cartilage plate of rat tibiae-histological and radiographic studies.", "content": "Effect of strontium on the epiphyseal cartilage plate of rat tibiae-histological and radiographic studies. Following dietary administration of strontium carbonate, histological and radiographic changes in the epiphyseal cartilage plate of the rat tibiae were examined in the present study. The weight gain of the rat fed a strontium diet was less than that of the control rats. Longitudinal growth of tibiae and endochondral ossification were inhibited by strontium administration. The widths of both proximal and distal cartilage plates increased enormously as has also been shown by other investigators. Sizes of chondroblasts in columns of proximal cartilage plate in rats fed a strontium diet were smaller than those of the control rats and were not different between upper and lower parts. It is suggested that strontium inhibits bone growth through the inhibitory action on the maturation process of chondroblasts and the succeeding endochondral ossification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021603"}
{"pmid": "1021604", "title": "Effects of palytoxin on isolated intestinal and vascular smooth muscles.", "content": "Effects of palytoxin on isolated intestinal and vascular smooth muscles. Palytoxin (PTX), the most potent marine toxin isolated from the Zoanthid, Palythoa tuberculosa, was studied to determine the effect on isolated smooth muscles. In guinea pig taenia coli PTX at above 3 X 10(-10) g/ml caused a contraction which slowly subsided under isotonic recording. Under isometric recording PTX at above 1 X 10(-10) g/ml caused a contraction which depended on the spontaneous activity. The PTX-induced contraction was not affected by atropine, tripelenmamine or tetrodotoxin but was inhibited by 5 mM Mg, norephinrphrine, isoprenaline or papaverine. PTX at above 1 X 10(-9) g/ml induced an increase in spike frequency and a slight depolarization accompanied with a contraction when measured using a sucrose gap method. In some cases the spike generation was almost abolished after a long exposure to higher dose of PTX and the developed tension gradually decreased. Under isometric recording PTX caused a sustained contraction in rabbit aorta, dog mesenteric and coronary arteries at above 1 X 10(-10) and 1 X 10(-11) g/ml, respectively, in a dose-dependent manner. The coronary artery was most sensitive among the preparation used. PTX-induced contraction in aorta was irreversible, was not influenced by phentolamine but diminished with 5 mM Mg and disappeared in a D-600 or Ca-free medium. PTX is thus an extremely potent and direct stimulant which acts on smooth muscles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021604"}
{"pmid": "1021602", "title": "A simple and sensitive fluorometric assay method for taurine using high-voltage paper electrophoresis.", "content": "A simple and sensitive fluorometric assay method for taurine using high-voltage paper electrophoresis. A simple and sensitive fluorometric assay method for taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) has been developed. For the separation of taurine, high voltage paper electrophoresis subsequent to column chromatographic procedures was employed. Fluorescent product of taurine was yielded by spraying fluorescamine (4-phenylspiro [furan-2(3H), 1'-phthalan]-3, 3'-dione) and borate buffer on the paper, and the fluorescence was assayed spectro-fluorometrically after eluting with 50% ethanol. The linear relationship between the concentration of taurine and fluorescence developed was achieved over the concentration ranges of 0.5-10 nmoles, and the recoveries obtained were 90-100%. The specificity of this method for taurine was satisfactory and structural analogues involved in the metabolic pathway of taurine did not interfere with the assay. Examples for tissue levels of taurine in various organs of the rat as determined by this new method are also presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021602"}
{"pmid": "1021595", "title": "Mutant allele frequencies among domestic cats in some eastern areas of Canada: regional homogeneity of factors in Canadian Atlantic Provinces and the French colony of Saint Pierre.", "content": "Mutant allele frequencies among domestic cats in some eastern areas of Canada: regional homogeneity of factors in Canadian Atlantic Provinces and the French colony of Saint Pierre. Surveys to determine mutant allele frequencies in domestic cats of the Canadian Atlantic Provinces (Halifax, Nova Scotia; Fredericton, New Brunswick; Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island; St. John's Newfoundland) and the French colony of Saint Pierre, Saint Pierre et Miquelon, reveal a general regional homogeneity for most factors. Despite diverse historical patterns of settlement, a strong common component of origin is indicated. This is tentatively identified as late 18th and early 19th century British. One mutant, polydactyly, which is of New England origin appears to have been distributed largely by loyalist refugees from New England at the time of the American Rebellion. No elements of a specific Acadian (French) character have yet been identified. Siamese cats have been \"introduced\" to the region in recent years and are now so abundant that they will undoubtedly cause a significant change in some mutant allele frequencies over the next few decades. Interregional exchanges of cats no doubt are contributing to homogenizing the populations of the area, but the practice of sterilization of pets offsets this to some degree.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021595"}
{"pmid": "1021605", "title": "Cumulative effects of penfluridol, a long-acting neuroleptic drug, as assayed by its behavioral actions.", "content": "Cumulative effects of penfluridol, a long-acting neuroleptic drug, as assayed by its behavioral actions. Penfluridol, a long-acting neuroleptic drug, was repeatedly given to rats well trained on the discriminated avoidance schedule (intertrial interval, 25 sec; warning duration, 5 sec), and accumulation of the effects were investigated by observing the behavioral changes. When penfluridol was orally given in a dose of 2-8 mg/kg once daily for 10 consecutive days, the suppression of avoidance response was progressively enhanced until the 3rd-4th day. But from the 4th day, the maximum level of suppression was maintained during the later medication. On its withdrawal, the avoidance response was gradually restored, returning to the initial level in 3-4 days. When 8 mg/kg was given at 1-2 weeks after the withdrawal, the same suppression was observed as after the single administration of the same dose. The progressive enhancement of suppression in the early half of the medication period evidently indicated the cumulative effect. The degree of suppression during the plateau showed a linear correlation with the dosage, and was estimated to be about 3,5 times as high as in the corresponding single administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021605"}
{"pmid": "1021606", "title": "Studies on cyclic nucleotides in the adrenal gland. V. Adenylate cyclase in the adrenal medulla.", "content": "Studies on cyclic nucleotides in the adrenal gland. V. Adenylate cyclase in the adrenal medulla. Effects of various chemical agents eliciting the catecholamine-release on the adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP generating system have been studied in the secretory process of the bovine adrenal medulla slices. Cyclic AMP levels were not affected at the interval of the maximal increase of the catecholamine-release by acetylcholine, but increased gradually some time after the end of the release/or at the beginning of the restoration of catecholamine in the medulla tissue. This delayed increase in the medullary cyclic AMP is not attributed to a direct involvement in 'stimulus-secretion coupling process' of the medullary secretion, but rather may be caused by release of intracellular catecholamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021606"}
{"pmid": "1021594", "title": "Horse, ass, and mule chromosomes.", "content": "Horse, ass, and mule chromosomes. Karyotypes of the horse with 64 chromosomes, the ass with 62 chromosomes, and the mule with 63 chromosomes are presented. The chromosome complements of each species and their mule hybrid are analyzed and compared.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021594"}
{"pmid": "1021607", "title": "Tissue distribution and characteristics of xanthine oxidase and allopurinol oxidizing enzyme.", "content": "Tissue distribution and characteristics of xanthine oxidase and allopurinol oxidizing enzyme. Tissue distribution and levels of allopurinol oxidizing enzyme and xanthine oxidase with hypoxanthine as a substrate were compared with supernatant fractions from various tissues of mice and from liver of mice, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits. The allopurinol oxidizing enzyme activities in liver were quite different among the species and the sex difference of the enzyme activity only in mouse liver. In mice, the highest activity of allopurinol oxidizing enzyme was found in the liver with a trace value in lung, but the enzyme activity was not detected in brain, small intestine and kidney, while the highest activity of xanthine oxidase was detected in small intestine, lung, liver and kidney in that sequence. The allopurinol oxidizing enzyme activity in mouse liver supernatant fraction did not change after storage at -20 degrees C or dialysis against 0.1 M Tris-HCl containing 1.15% KCl, but the activity markedly decreased after dialysis against 0.1 M Tris-HCl. On the contrary, the xanthine oxidase was activated 2 to 3 times the usual activity after storage at -20 degrees C or dialysis of the enzyme preparation. These results indicated that allopurinol was hydroxylated to oxipurinol mainly by the enzyme which is not identical to xanthine oxidase in vivo. A possible role of aldehyde oxidase involved in the allopurinol oxidation in liver supernatant fraction was dicussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021607"}
{"pmid": "1021596", "title": "The genetics of Artemia salina. VII. Reproductive isolation.", "content": "The genetics of Artemia salina. VII. Reproductive isolation. Fifteen of 20 gonochoristic Artemia populations are crossfertile with diploid San Francisco shrimps, producing fertile F1 and viable F2 progeny. Partial sex linkage of white eye was observed and frequency of crossing over between the white and sex loci did not exceed the range of values observed in San Francisco shrimps. Possible mechanisms for wide dispersal of this diploid genotype are discussed. Five populations are reproductively isolated from San Francisco shrimps: Mono Lake, Hidalgo, Lake Urmia, San Bartolomeo, and Tunisia. The last two are inter-fertile.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021596"}
{"pmid": "1021597", "title": "Linkage of the cadmium resistance locus to loci on mouse chromosome 12.", "content": "Linkage of the cadmium resistance locus to loci on mouse chromosome 12. The autosomal recessive gene cdm that confers resistance to cadmium-induced testicular necrosis in certain inbred strains of mice has been mapped on Chromosome 12 near varitint-waddler (Va). A 3-point cross involving Va, cdm, and amylase-1 (Amy-1) indicated the following gene order and approximate distances: Va-8-cdm-17-Amy-1. The cdm locus is the first polymorphic locus to be placed on Chromosome 12.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021597"}
{"pmid": "1021598", "title": "A method to predict the probabilities to homozygous recessives and of heterozygotes.", "content": "A method to predict the probabilities to homozygous recessives and of heterozygotes. Where the occurrence of homozygous recessives and heterozygotes is known in the pedigrees of prospective sires and dams, a method and appropriate tables are given to predict the minimum probability 1) that progeny will be homozygous recessive, or 2) that progeny of dominant phenotype are heterozygous.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021598"}
{"pmid": "1021608", "title": "Rat strain differences in the acquisition of conditioned avoidance responses and in the effects of diazepam.", "content": "Rat strain differences in the acquisition of conditioned avoidance responses and in the effects of diazepam. Adult male albino rats of three strains--Wistar, Sprague-Dawley and Holtzman--were trained to press a lever to avoid electric shocks under Sidman-type (R-S interval-20 sec; S-S interval=5 sec) and discriminated avoidance (ITI-15 sec; warning duration=5 sec) schedules, and the acquisition processes of avoidance responses, and the properties of behavioral baselines were investigated. Under both schedules, Wistar strain rats, though showing poorer results than the other two in the beginning, rapidly progressed with the repetitive training, and finally displayed excellent and stable performances. Srague-Dawley strain rats were poorer in performances, with delayed acquisition and prolonged warm-up effect in the within-session performance. The results of Holtzman strain rats ranked between the two. After the establishment of stable behavioral baselines under both schedules, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/kg of diazepam were given subcutaneously, and it was found that in Wistar and Holtzman strain rats, the avoidance responses were inhibited together with increase of delivered shocks in parallel to the doses. In Sprague-Dawley strain rats, however, the avoidance responses were conversely improved with 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg, while such tended to be inhibited with 2.0 mg/kg, with marked concomitant ataxia. As definite strain differences in avoidance response were demonstrated herein, selection of the most appropriate strain should be made when designing behavioral experiments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021608"}
{"pmid": "1021609", "title": "Irreversible inhibitory effect of atropine on contractile responses to drugs in isolated rabbit ileum.", "content": "Irreversible inhibitory effect of atropine on contractile responses to drugs in isolated rabbit ileum. Effect of atropine sulfate (atropine) on the contractile responses to acetylcholine chloride (ACh), potassium chloride (K) and barium chloride (Ba) was investigated in isolated rabbit ileum. Tension of the strips suspended in the bath medium (Locke solution, 30 degrees C) was isotonically recorded. The K(ED50)- and Ba(ED50)-induced contractions were not affected by atropine at 3.0 X 10(-4) mM, which reversibly abolished the ACh(ED100)-contraction. After washout of 6.0 X 10(-4) mM atropine, the phasic, but not the tonic, component of ACh(ED50)-, K(ED50)- and Ba(ED50)- contractions was to some extent inhibited irreversibly. On the contrary, such irreversible inhibition of the phasic component was not produced by atropine methylbromide even in the high concentration of 3.0 X 10(-3) mM. The irreversible inhibitions by atropine of 6.0 X 10(-4) mM on the phasic component of ACh- and K-contractions were protected by pretreatment with a high concentration of ACh or K. Further, these irreversible inhibitions by atropine were potentiated by the absence of Ca and were abolished by the increase of Ca content in bath media. These results suggest that the irreversible inhibition of the contractile responses to drugs by atropine in high concentration may be due to the interference with the mobilization of Ca in the deep layer of the membrane, rather than by a blockade of muscarinic receptor sites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021609"}
{"pmid": "1021610", "title": "Mitigation of caffeine-induced fetopathy in mice by pretreatment with beta-adrenergic blocking agents.", "content": "Mitigation of caffeine-induced fetopathy in mice by pretreatment with beta-adrenergic blocking agents. In a previous experiment, fetopathic effects of caffeine were significantly reduced by pretreatment with propranolol at dosage levels of 2.5 to 10 mg/kg. The present experiments were undertaeken to investigate the relation between time intervals of propranolol pretreatment and its effect on reducing fetopathy. Furthermore, the effect of timolol, another beta-adrenergic blocking agent, on reducing fetopathy was compared with that of propranolol. Propranolol (5 mg/kg) administered 15, 30 or 60 minutes before caffeine treatment significantly reduced the caffeine-induced fetopathy. The optimal effect was found when propranolol was given 30 minutes before caffine. The reduction in fetopathy by timolol pretreatment was comparable to that of propranolol. The results lend support to the hypothesis that the fetopathic effect of caffeine is linked with released catecholamines in material or fetal issues of mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021610"}
{"pmid": "1021611", "title": "Substance P in the central nervous system of rabbits: uptake system differs from putative transmitters.", "content": "Substance P in the central nervous system of rabbits: uptake system differs from putative transmitters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021611"}
{"pmid": "1021612", "title": "Protective effect of sodium polyacrylate on induced duodenal ulceration in guinea pigs.", "content": "Protective effect of sodium polyacrylate on induced duodenal ulceration in guinea pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021612"}
{"pmid": "1021613", "title": "Inhibitory effect of endogenous macromolecule on the Ca++-stimulated acetylcholine release from the crude synaptic vesicles.", "content": "Inhibitory effect of endogenous macromolecule on the Ca++-stimulated acetylcholine release from the crude synaptic vesicles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021613"}
{"pmid": "1021614", "title": "Further electrophysiological evidence for the GABA-like effect of droperidol in the Purkinje cells of the cat cerebellum.", "content": "Further electrophysiological evidence for the GABA-like effect of droperidol in the Purkinje cells of the cat cerebellum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021614"}
{"pmid": "1021615", "title": "Cadmium-induced inhibition of twitches in isolated rat diaphragm.", "content": "Cadmium-induced inhibition of twitches in isolated rat diaphragm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021615"}
{"pmid": "1021647", "title": "The irreversible inhibitory effects of dibenamine on the noradrenaline-, K- and Ba-induced contractions of rat's isolated vas deferens, particularly in relation to Ca.", "content": "The irreversible inhibitory effects of dibenamine on the noradrenaline-, K- and Ba-induced contractions of rat's isolated vas deferens, particularly in relation to Ca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021647"}
{"pmid": "1021648", "title": "The irreversible inhibitory effects of phenoxybenzamine on the noradrenaline-, K- and Ba-induced contractions of rat's isolated vas deferens, particularly in relation to Ca.", "content": "The irreversible inhibitory effects of phenoxybenzamine on the noradrenaline-, K- and Ba-induced contractions of rat's isolated vas deferens, particularly in relation to Ca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021648"}
{"pmid": "1021649", "title": "Studies on drug nonequivalence. III. Rectal absorption of polymorphs of sulfathiazole.", "content": "Studies on drug nonequivalence. III. Rectal absorption of polymorphs of sulfathiazole.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021649"}
{"pmid": "1021650", "title": "A fifteen-year follow-up on diabetes in a Japanese rural district.", "content": "A fifteen-year follow-up on diabetes in a Japanese rural district.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021650"}
{"pmid": "1021677", "title": "Functional groups on enzymes suitable for binding to matrices.", "content": "Functional groups on enzymes suitable for binding to matrices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021677"}
{"pmid": "1021678", "title": "Adsorption and inorganic bridge formations.", "content": "Adsorption and inorganic bridge formations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021678"}
{"pmid": "1021679", "title": "Techniques of enzyme entrapment in gels.", "content": "Techniques of enzyme entrapment in gels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021679"}
{"pmid": "1021680", "title": "Immobilization of enzymes to agar, agarose, and Sephadex supports.", "content": "Immobilization of enzymes to agar, agarose, and Sephadex supports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021680"}
{"pmid": "1021681", "title": "A method for continuous production of polyacrylamide-entrapped enzyme beads.", "content": "A method for continuous production of polyacrylamide-entrapped enzyme beads.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021681"}
{"pmid": "1021682", "title": "Microencapsulation of enzymes and biologicals.", "content": "Microencapsulation of enzymes and biologicals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021682"}
{"pmid": "1021683", "title": "Enzyme entrapment in liposomes.", "content": "Enzyme entrapment in liposomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021683"}
{"pmid": "1021684", "title": "Photochemical immobilization of enzymes and other biochemicals.", "content": "Photochemical immobilization of enzymes and other biochemicals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021684"}
{"pmid": "1021685", "title": "Nonaqueous synthesis of polystyryl lysozyme.", "content": "Nonaqueous synthesis of polystyryl lysozyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021685"}
{"pmid": "1021686", "title": "Physical immobilization of enzymes by hollow-fiber membranes.", "content": "Physical immobilization of enzymes by hollow-fiber membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021686"}
{"pmid": "1021687", "title": "Immobilized enzymes.", "content": "Immobilized enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021687"}
{"pmid": "1021688", "title": "Immobilized enzymes--miscellaneous methods and general classification.", "content": "Immobilized enzymes--miscellaneous methods and general classification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021688"}
{"pmid": "1021689", "title": "Assay procedures for immobilized enzymes.", "content": "Assay procedures for immobilized enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021689"}
{"pmid": "1021690", "title": "Characterization of immobilized enzymes by chemical methods.", "content": "Characterization of immobilized enzymes by chemical methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021690"}
{"pmid": "1021691", "title": "Activity correlations between similarly modified soluble and immobilized enzymes.", "content": "Activity correlations between similarly modified soluble and immobilized enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021691"}
{"pmid": "1021692", "title": "The glucose oxidase--catalase system.", "content": "The glucose oxidase--catalase system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021692"}
{"pmid": "1021693", "title": "Immoblization of enzymes to various acrylic copolymers.", "content": "Immoblization of enzymes to various acrylic copolymers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021693"}
{"pmid": "1021695", "title": "Mechanochemistry of immobilized enzymes: a new approach to studies in fundamental enzymology. I. Regulation by mechanical means of the catalytic properties of enzymes attached to polymer fibers.", "content": "Mechanochemistry of immobilized enzymes: a new approach to studies in fundamental enzymology. I. Regulation by mechanical means of the catalytic properties of enzymes attached to polymer fibers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021695"}
{"pmid": "1021694", "title": "Immobilized hemoproteins.", "content": "Immobilized hemoproteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021694"}
{"pmid": "1021696", "title": "Mechanochemistry of immobilized enzymes: a new approach to studies in fundamental enzymology. II. Regulation of the rate of enzymic protein-protein interaction in polyacrylamide gel.", "content": "Mechanochemistry of immobilized enzymes: a new approach to studies in fundamental enzymology. II. Regulation of the rate of enzymic protein-protein interaction in polyacrylamide gel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021696"}
{"pmid": "1021697", "title": "Immobilized enzymes in microcalorimetry.", "content": "Immobilized enzymes in microcalorimetry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021697"}
{"pmid": "1021698", "title": "Enzyme thermistor devices.", "content": "Enzyme thermistor devices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021698"}
{"pmid": "1021699", "title": "Methods for the therapeutic applications of immobilized enzymes.", "content": "Methods for the therapeutic applications of immobilized enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021699"}
{"pmid": "1021700", "title": "Medical applications of liposome-entrapped enzymes.", "content": "Medical applications of liposome-entrapped enzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021700"}
{"pmid": "1021702", "title": "Process engineering of glucose isomerization by collagen-immobilized whole microbial cells.", "content": "Process engineering of glucose isomerization by collagen-immobilized whole microbial cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021702"}
{"pmid": "1021701", "title": "Immobilized-enzyme reactors.", "content": "Immobilized-enzyme reactors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021701"}
{"pmid": "1021703", "title": "Continuous production of high-fructose syrup by cross-linked cell homogenates containing glucose isomerase.", "content": "Continuous production of high-fructose syrup by cross-linked cell homogenates containing glucose isomerase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021703"}
{"pmid": "1021704", "title": "Enzymes covalently bound to polyacrylic and polymethacrylic copolymers.", "content": "Enzymes covalently bound to polyacrylic and polymethacrylic copolymers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021704"}
{"pmid": "1021714", "title": "Hemigonadectomy-induced unilateral changes in the protein-synthesizing activity of the rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.", "content": "Hemigonadectomy-induced unilateral changes in the protein-synthesizing activity of the rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. The effect of unilateral ovariectomy on the protein-synthesizing activity of the hypothalamic arcuate and dorsomedial nucleus on both sides was studied in vivo as well as in vitro. Four weeks after the removal of 1 ovary, there was a significant increase in labelled amino acid incorporated into the arcuate neurons contralateral to the removed ovary as compared to those incorporated into the nerve cells of the nucleus on the ipsilateral side. In the dorsomedial nucleus, there was no difference between the 2 sides. On the basis of the present findings, the existence of a neural pathway between the ovary and the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus is assumed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021714"}
{"pmid": "1021715", "title": "Temporal effects of fornix transection on brain tryptophan hydroxylase activity and plasma corticosterone levels.", "content": "Temporal effects of fornix transection on brain tryptophan hydroxylase activity and plasma corticosterone levels. The effect of fornix transection on plasma corticosterone and on midbrain (MID), septum/preoptic (S/POA) or hippocampal (HIP) tryptophan hydroxylase activity (THA) was studied in adult male rats. A mild stress resulted in higher levels of plasma corticosterone in operated as compared to sham-operated rats 6 and 40 h post-transection; however, at 30 days post-operation no difference was found. The response of THA to fornix transection was region-specific. No significant change in the S/POA region was found at any time. THA in the HIP, a terminal area of 5-HT fibers, showed a progressive fall over time to values 80% below normal levels. This result suggests that most of the 5-HT fibers to the HIP had been severed. A 28 h half-life for HIP THA was calculated. THA in the MID, an area known to contain the majority of 5-HT cell bodies with ascending fibers, was significantly reduced compared to sham controls at 6 h, 40 h, and 8 days post-transection. However, at 30 days post-operation no difference was found. The depression in MID THA by its rapid onset, the distance from the fornix transection site, and its return to normal after 30 days, is thought to be due to a transneuronal effect on the serotonin-containing neurons in MID raphe. The fall in MID THA at a time when plasma corticosterone levels are increased in fornix-transected rats may be compared with the situation in normal, stressed and adrenalectomized rats where MID THA andplasma corticosterone levels change in the same direction. The data suggest that the glucocorticoid effects on MID 5-HT containing neurons are mediated transneuronally through the hormone concentrating cells in the HIP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021715"}
{"pmid": "1021716", "title": "In vivo nuclear 3H-estradiol binding in brain areas of the rat: reduction by endogenous and exogenous androgens.", "content": "In vivo nuclear 3H-estradiol binding in brain areas of the rat: reduction by endogenous and exogenous androgens. In vivo specific nuclear binding of [2, 4, 6, 7 (n)-3H]estradiol (3H-E2) as indicated by diethylstilbestrol (DES)-blockable radioactivity, was measured 1 h after injection in adult intact male, untreated and testosterone propionate (TP)-pretreated or 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-pretreated gonadectomized (GDX) male and female rats. There was no sex difference in specific 3H-E2 binding in brain areas and anterior pituitary (PIT) of untreated GDX animals. DHT pretreatment had no effect on binding in any tissue. Specific nuclear binding in the preoptic area-anterior hypothalamus (POA-AH), median eminence-basal hypothalamus (ME-BH), amygdala (AMYG), septum (SEP), and dorsal hypothalamus (DH) was lower in intact males and TP-pretreated GDX males and females than in untreated GDX animals. Uptake in the PIT was not affected by TP pretreatment or by the presence of the testes, suggesting that the reduction in nuclear 3H-E2 binding observed in other tissues was caused by competition by estradiol formed in situ from TP or endogenous androgens for nuclear binding sites. Thus, the reduction in 3H-E2 uptake caused by the presence of TP or the testes could be used to estimate the degree of aromatization that occurred in these brain areas. In males, specific nuclear binding of 3H-E2 was reduced by the presence of the testes by 60-70% in the POA-AH and AMYG, by 30-40% in the ME-BH and SEP and by 0-20% in the DH. After s.c. administration of 1 mg/kg TP in GDX males, the amount of estrogen formed after 1,5 h in these same tissues approximated that present in the steady state in intact males. This suggests that, in the intact adult male rat, a high percent of estradiol nuclear binding sites in some brain areas is normally occupied by the products of aromatization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021716"}
{"pmid": "1021901", "title": "Some surgical aspects of gastric disorders.", "content": "Some surgical aspects of gastric disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021901"}
{"pmid": "1021903", "title": "Diagnosis of lambliasis by fibre-endoscopy.", "content": "Diagnosis of lambliasis by fibre-endoscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1021903"}
{"pmid": "1022069", "title": "On the role of the electron microscope in the identification of lysosomes.", "content": "On the role of the electron microscope in the identification of lysosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022069"}
{"pmid": "1022121", "title": "Studies on lipolytic system of human placenta, blood lipids and lipid mobilizing activity in pregnant women and newborns.", "content": "Studies on lipolytic system of human placenta, blood lipids and lipid mobilizing activity in pregnant women and newborns. Lipolytic activity of human placenta and lipid mobilizing activity (LMA), free fatty acids (FFA) as well as esterified fatty acid (EFA) levels in serum of pregnant women in different periods of pregnancy and in newborn's serum were studied. Lipolytic activity of human placenta is low in the first trimester of pregnancy and increases in samples examined after delivery. The levels of FFA and EFA in blood of pregnant women are significantly increased in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. The newborn's blood lipid level is significantly lower than that in the mother's blood. Lipid mobilizing activity in serum of pregnant women increases especially in the third trimester of pregnancy and is also high in newborn's blood. This may indicate that fatty acids released from newborn's adipose tissue are metabolized as a source of energy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022121"}
{"pmid": "1022122", "title": "Lipid mobilizing activity in the blood of obese patients during prolonged fasting.", "content": "Lipid mobilizing activity in the blood of obese patients during prolonged fasting. Lipid mobilizing activity is lowered in the serum of obese patients. During short-term fasting, this activity increases in non-obese subjects. The present study was concerned with the changes in lipid mobilizing activity in the blood of obese patients during prolonged fasting, and with the behavior of esterified and free fatty acids. Serum levels of free fatty acids in the control subjects were significantly lower than in the obese women. During a 14-day period of complete fasting, levels of free fatty acids increased in all cases. In non-obese subjects this was accompanied by a significant rise in lipid mobilizing acitivity, but in obese subjects no significant change took place in this activity. The findings indicate that high levels of free fatty acids in obese persons during fasting are caused by inhibition of their esterification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022122"}
{"pmid": "1022123", "title": "Blast transformation induced by spermatozoa.", "content": "Blast transformation induced by spermatozoa. Human lymphocytes cultured for 3-8 days in the presence of autologous or allogenic spermatozoa undergo blast transformation. Possible mechanisms of the response are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022123"}
{"pmid": "1022124", "title": "Circular dichroism studies on DNA condensed in NaCl cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide solutions.", "content": "Circular dichroism studies on DNA condensed in NaCl cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide solutions. It is shown by means of circular dichroism studies of variously condensed forms of DNA that the specific supramolecular structure of DNA determines the type of CD spectra. DNA, condensed (crystallized) slowly in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide yields a spectrum very similar to that of DNA in solution in the B-form. The condensates appear in the phase-contrast microscope as spherulitic crystallites. Rapidly condensed DNA in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide shows a spectrum of the psi-type with large negative ellipticites. The influence of condensation velocity upon the supramolecular structure of DNA gives evidence that the various condensation forms of DNA are not thermodynamical equilibrium conformations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022124"}
{"pmid": "1022126", "title": "Studies on the loss of sensitivity in smooth muscle.", "content": "Studies on the loss of sensitivity in smooth muscle. Specificity of desensitization effect was investigated at guinea pig ileum using the desensitizing agonists acetylcholine, carbachol, histamine, and serotonine. The desensitization with acetylcholine markedly diminished the contraction effects to test doses of all tested agonists. Contrary to acetylcholine, the histamine desensitization is mainly specific, the serotonine desensitization is a complete specific effect. A different influence of the tested agonists on intracellular ions is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022126"}
{"pmid": "1022127", "title": "Influence of prostaglandins upon adenosine release and of adenosine upon prostaglandin release in the isolated rabbit heart.", "content": "Influence of prostaglandins upon adenosine release and of adenosine upon prostaglandin release in the isolated rabbit heart. Prostaglandin (PG) E1 with its high effect of coronary dilation causes a distinct increase in the adenosine release from the isolated rabbit heart (Langendorff technique). Compared to this, an equal dose of PGF2alpha increases the release of adenosine only to a small extent. Conversely, application of adenosine results in a considerable release of PG-like substances from the rabbit heart in vitro. The present investigations support the hypothesis that, apart from adenosine, PG's too, are involved in coronary regulation as modulators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022127"}
{"pmid": "1022128", "title": "Proteins of animal ribosomes. XXV. Proteins of rat liver ribosomes protected by polyuridylic acid from methyl acetimidate substitution.", "content": "Proteins of animal ribosomes. XXV. Proteins of rat liver ribosomes protected by polyuridylic acid from methyl acetimidate substitution. Addition of poly(U) to complexes of 40S and 60S subunits of rat liver ribosomes decreases the substitution of amino groups of 12 proteins of the small ribosomal subunit and of 11 proteins of the large subunit by [14C]-methyl acetimidate. When comparing the results obtained with this amino group specific reagent with the reactivity of the proteins against iodoacetamide it becomes obvious that 4 proteins of the small ribosomal subunit (S12, 18, 19, 24) and 3 proteins of the large one (L20, 22, 25) are partially protected by poly(U) against reaction with both reagents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022128"}
{"pmid": "1022130", "title": "Kinetics of elementary steps in the cytochrome P-450 reaction sequence. I. Substrate binding to cytochrome P-450 LM.", "content": "Kinetics of elementary steps in the cytochrome P-450 reaction sequence. I. Substrate binding to cytochrome P-450 LM. The substrate binding step in the reaction sequence of the cytochrome P-450 enzyme system (rat liver microsomes) has been investigated. The type I/II substrate classification kinetically holds too. The rate constants are in the 10(3) to 10(5) (M-1 sec-1) range, the type I compounds are preferably bound by about one order of magnitude. The rate constants of the binding process to the reduced cytochrome are considerably decreased. The results favour the ordered reaction mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022130"}
{"pmid": "1022133", "title": "Lymphokines which influence electrophoretic mobility of macrophages.", "content": "Lymphokines which influence electrophoretic mobility of macrophages. Supernatants of blood lymphocytes from immunized guinea pigs after incubation with purified protein derivative (PPD) were fractionated on Sephadex G-75. The fractions were tested for activity to change the electrophoretic mobility of macrophages. Dependent on incubation time, three different regions of activity with an average molecular weight of 13 000, 40 000 and more than 100 000 were estimated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022133"}
{"pmid": "1022135", "title": "Lithium accumulation in some endocrine tissues.", "content": "Lithium accumulation in some endocrine tissues. Lithium levels were measured in several tissues of rats after oral lithium administration for various periods of time. The lithium levels in the brain approached those of the serum while there was a marked accumulation of lithium in the pituitary and thyroid glands. When lithium was stopped there was no noticeable lag in clearance for any of the tissues examined, with the pituitary maintaining a significant elevation of lithium over the serum levels. Animals receiving lithium had higher levels of adrenal corticosterone under quiescent conditions and higher levels of plasma corticosterone thirty minutes after a brief electric footshock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022135"}
{"pmid": "1022138", "title": "Serum glycoproteins level and urinary glycosaminoglycans excretion in drug induced collagen-like syndrome in guinea pigs.", "content": "Serum glycoproteins level and urinary glycosaminoglycans excretion in drug induced collagen-like syndrome in guinea pigs. A collagen-like syndrome was produced by a long-term administration of 1-hydrazinophthalazine (hydralazine) to guinea pigs. The results obtained indicate that hydralazine-induced collagen-like syndrome stimulated an increase of the concentration of perchloric acid-soluble proteins, protein-bound hexoses, protein-bound-hexosamines and sialic acids in blood serum as well as urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans. The increase of serum glycoproteins is not connected with non-specific changes in total protein level. No biochemical differences were found in the parameters studied between subgroups (LE-positive and LE-negative) of hydralazine treated animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022138"}
{"pmid": "1022139", "title": "Antioxidants as agents potentiating the antiinflammatory action of indomethacin.", "content": "Antioxidants as agents potentiating the antiinflammatory action of indomethacin. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid inhibits prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis in vitro (ID50=228 muM), with a slope of dose-response curve high (b=209) as compared with indomethacin (ID50=0.1 muM, b=72.1). Butylated hydroxyanisole, in contrast to inactive butylated hydroxytoluene, inhibits PG biosynthesis (ID50=107 muM, b=63). Only norihydroguaiaretic acid (100 mug, s.p.) inhibited the postcarrageenin edema of rat paw. Butylated hydroxyanisole (10 mug, s.p.) given together with a subthreshold (1 mug) dose of indomethacin inhibited the paw edema by 35%, while butylated hydroxytoluene and nordihydroguaiaretic acid produced a similar effect only when given at 10-fold higher doses. The results suggest the possibility of potentiation and prolongation of the anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin by its simultaneous administration with an antioxidant, butylated hydroxyanisole.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022139"}
{"pmid": "1022141", "title": "The immune response of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) to injection with soluble antigens.", "content": "The immune response of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) to injection with soluble antigens. The immune response of brown trout (Salmo trutta) to horse serum and keyhole limpet haemocyanin was studied. Intraperitoneal and intramuscular injections were used, with and without adjuvant, in 209 fish. Complement-fixing antibodies (CFA) and precipitins were produced to both antigens. CFA were detected after 8 days to haemocyanin and after 13 days to horse serum. Maximum CFA titres to a single intraperitoneal injection of horse serum or haemocyanin were reached at 44 and 43-46 days respectively. Precipitins to a single injection of haemocyanin given intraperitoneally were detected after 19 days using gel diffusion. Similarly using the intramuscular route they were detected after 22 days. However, using counter-current electrophoresis, precipitins were detected after 8 days by the intraperitoneal route and after 9 days by the intramuscular. Precipitins to horse serum given intraperitoneally were demonstrated after 22 days by both gel diffusion and counter-current electrophoresis. Fish given 2 intraperitoneal injections of haemocyanin in adjuvant reached maximum CFA titres after 55 days; a 3rd injection on day 56 did not produce a marked increase in titre. Fish given intramuscular injections of haemocyanin in adjuvant showed maximum CFA titres at day 43. After a 3rd injection on day 56, maximum CFA titres were reached between days 92 and 106. Intramuscular injections gave significantly higher titres than those given by the intraperitoneal route. Some fish which showed no precipitins by gel diffusion were positive by counter-current electrophoresis. Precipitating antibodies to haemocyanin migrating in the beta2-gamma1 region were detected by immuno-electrophoresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022141"}
{"pmid": "1022143", "title": "Inhibition studies on the interaction of Vicia faba lectin with carbohydrates.", "content": "Inhibition studies on the interaction of Vicia faba lectin with carbohydrates. Mono- and oligosaccharides and modified sugars have been studied quantitatively for their capacity to inhibit the agglutination reaction between Vicia faba lectin and yeast cells. The results seem to parallel the specificity of carbohydrate binding reported for concanavalin A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022143"}
{"pmid": "1022161", "title": "The psychoanalyst: an agent of the social milieu.", "content": "The psychoanalyst: an agent of the social milieu.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022161"}
{"pmid": "1022160", "title": "Some psychodynamic aspects of the seduction of patients in psychotherapy.", "content": "Some psychodynamic aspects of the seduction of patients in psychotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022160"}
{"pmid": "1022162", "title": "Inauthenticity, flight from freedom, despair.", "content": "Inauthenticity, flight from freedom, despair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022162"}
{"pmid": "1022163", "title": "Latency: fact or fiction?", "content": "Latency: fact or fiction?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022163"}
{"pmid": "1022164", "title": "Linguistic dimensions in the bilingual patient.", "content": "Linguistic dimensions in the bilingual patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022164"}
{"pmid": "1022165", "title": "Innovation in preventive psychotherapy with children.", "content": "Innovation in preventive psychotherapy with children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022165"}
{"pmid": "1022166", "title": "Functions of denial fantasy.", "content": "Functions of denial fantasy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022166"}
{"pmid": "1022154", "title": "Field dependence-independence and injury in college football players.", "content": "Field dependence-independence and injury in college football players.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022154"}
{"pmid": "1022153", "title": "HMO: new frontier for rehabilitation medicine perseonnel.", "content": "HMO: new frontier for rehabilitation medicine perseonnel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022153"}
{"pmid": "1022157", "title": "Academic achievement, personality, and behavior in emotionally disturbed children.", "content": "Academic achievement, personality, and behavior in emotionally disturbed children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022157"}
{"pmid": "1022155", "title": "A temporary B/K PTB prosthesis with a porous socket.", "content": "A temporary B/K PTB prosthesis with a porous socket.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022155"}
{"pmid": "1022158", "title": "The independent college of pharmacy in the future development of pharmaceutical education.", "content": "The independent college of pharmacy in the future development of pharmaceutical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022158"}
{"pmid": "1022156", "title": "Improvising a bicycle for clinic use in hospitals.", "content": "Improvising a bicycle for clinic use in hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022156"}
{"pmid": "1022159", "title": "Pharmacy practice--the importance of effective communications.", "content": "Pharmacy practice--the importance of effective communications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022159"}
{"pmid": "1022180", "title": "Diuretic action of estradiol.", "content": "Diuretic action of estradiol. Several clinical situations are strongly suggestive that estrogens are diuretic substances that secondarily promote sodium and water retention in the body by stimulation of adreno-cortical hormone secretion. To investigate the direct action of estradiol on diuresis, the hormone was administered to the isolated, perfused rabbit kidney. Results demonstrated that estradiol increases urine volume, tubular sodium excretion and potassium reabsorption, and diminishes arterial pressure and renovascular resistance. The possible relationships between these effects and with pre-menstrual syndrome, pre-eclampsia, and menopausal hypertension are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022180"}
{"pmid": "1022205", "title": "Lobar atelectasis after nasotracheal intubation in newborn infants.", "content": "Lobar atelectasis after nasotracheal intubation in newborn infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022205"}
{"pmid": "1022206", "title": "The height and weight changes of Melbourne children compared with other population groups.", "content": "The height and weight changes of Melbourne children compared with other population groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022206"}
{"pmid": "1022207", "title": "Growth and development of fat in adolescent school children in Cictoria. Part 1. Normal growth values and prevalence of obesity.", "content": "Growth and development of fat in adolescent school children in Cictoria. Part 1. Normal growth values and prevalence of obesity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022207"}
{"pmid": "1022204", "title": "Depression of respiratory muscles and defective responses to nasal obstruction during active sleep in the newborn.", "content": "Depression of respiratory muscles and defective responses to nasal obstruction during active sleep in the newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022204"}
{"pmid": "1022208", "title": "Growth and development of fat in adolescent school children in Victoria. Part 2. Influence of ethnic, geographic and socio-economic factors.", "content": "Growth and development of fat in adolescent school children in Victoria. Part 2. Influence of ethnic, geographic and socio-economic factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022208"}
{"pmid": "1022209", "title": "Selection of patients by ultrasonic echography for fetal and immediate neonatal surgery.", "content": "Selection of patients by ultrasonic echography for fetal and immediate neonatal surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022209"}
{"pmid": "1022210", "title": "The radiological follow-up of aboriginal children with bronchiectasis treated surgically or medically.", "content": "The radiological follow-up of aboriginal children with bronchiectasis treated surgically or medically.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022210"}
{"pmid": "1022211", "title": "Scintigraphic diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum.", "content": "Scintigraphic diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022211"}
{"pmid": "1022212", "title": "The treatment of encopresis using behaviour modification.", "content": "The treatment of encopresis using behaviour modification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022212"}
{"pmid": "1022214", "title": "Immunological studies on Behçet disease.", "content": "Immunological studies on Behçet disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022214"}
{"pmid": "1022213", "title": "Drug interaction in psoriasis.", "content": "Drug interaction in psoriasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022213"}
{"pmid": "1022215", "title": "Hutchinson's melanotic freckle: partial regression of lesion and surrounding actinic keratoses.", "content": "Hutchinson's melanotic freckle: partial regression of lesion and surrounding actinic keratoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022215"}
{"pmid": "1022216", "title": "Vitamin E treatment of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.", "content": "Vitamin E treatment of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022216"}
{"pmid": "1022217", "title": "Insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in granuloma annulare.", "content": "Insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in granuloma annulare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022217"}
{"pmid": "1022218", "title": "The relationship between ultraviolet light sensitization and tar exposure of the skin.", "content": "The relationship between ultraviolet light sensitization and tar exposure of the skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022218"}
{"pmid": "1022219", "title": "The mongoloid spot.", "content": "The mongoloid spot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022219"}
{"pmid": "1022220", "title": "The rarity of solar keratoses in psoriatic patients preliminary report.", "content": "The rarity of solar keratoses in psoriatic patients preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022220"}
{"pmid": "1022221", "title": "Morphometric and autoradiographic investigation of the small and large intestinal mucosa of rats with chronic experimental renal insufficiency.", "content": "Morphometric and autoradiographic investigation of the small and large intestinal mucosa of rats with chronic experimental renal insufficiency. Following a previous study with experimental short-term, high-grade uremia the changes of the small and large intestinal mucosa of rats with surgically induced chronic renal insufficiency were analysed. A clear tendency to inhibition of the rate of the physiological cell regeneration by prolongation of the mitotic cycle in correlation to the degree of renal insufficiency could be demonstrated. There was a extension of the generation time up to 40% in ileum and up to 50% in the large intestine in the animal group with the relatively highest degree of renal insufficiency. This extension was mainly due to a prolongation of the postmitotic Gi-phase. At the same time the total number of crypt epithelia and of the regenerative cells in the enlarged crypts increased. The enlargement of the regenerative crypt population is interpreted as an adaptive compensation of the inhibition of the cell production by prolongation of the mitotic cycle. A damage of the differentiated surface epithelium could not be detected. The significance of the present results and their relationship to so-called uremic entero-colitis and to sprue-like changes of small intestinal mucosa in man is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022221"}
{"pmid": "1022222", "title": "Effects of lymph diversion versus corticosteroids on blood and lymphocyte pools.", "content": "Effects of lymph diversion versus corticosteroids on blood and lymphocyte pools. Thoracic duct-rumen fistulae (TDRF) and low or high doses of Prednisolone were employed to induce depletion of blood and lymph node lymphocytes in calves. Elimination of the easily mobilizable pool of lymphocytes was almost complete within 6 days after commencing TDRF. Blood lymphocyte counts were reduced to approximately 1/3 of pre-TDRF levels. Prednisolone in low doses did not decrease the number of blood lymphocytes. High doses of Prednisolone induced a moderate, progressive blood lymphocytopenia. Both TDRF and low and high dose Prednisolone schedules induced a significant reduction of lymphocytes in lymph nodes. The loss of small lymphocytes from lymph nodes was almost entirely restricted to the diffuse cortical (paracortical) zone. The lymphocyte counts in the follicular cortex and in the medulla were not significantly affected. Almost complete disappearance of germinal centers was observed in lymph nodes of calves subjected to TDRF or high doses of Prednisolone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022222"}
{"pmid": "1022224", "title": "Granuloma inguinale simulating advanced pelvic cancer.", "content": "Granuloma inguinale simulating advanced pelvic cancer. This paper describes a case of multiple disease in an Aboriginal woman. Granuloma inguinale, of unusual severity and extent, which closely simulated advanced pelvic malignant disease, was included. Some problems of the diagnosis are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022224"}
{"pmid": "1022225", "title": "Enhance anchorage independence and tumorigenicity of aneuploid Chinese hamster cells with nearly doubled chromosome complements.", "content": "Enhance anchorage independence and tumorigenicity of aneuploid Chinese hamster cells with nearly doubled chromosome complements. The role of a cell's chromosome complement in its tumorigenic and anchorage-independent growth properties in vitro was investigated by injecting a Chinese hamster cell line and its subclones into immunodeficient nude mice and by plating the cells in a semisolid medium containing methylcellulose. The parental WOR-6 cell clone originally consisted of 89% 1s cells and 11% cells with a nearly double (2s) complement. Tumors that developed from WOR-6 were found to consis entirely or primarily of cells with near 2s chromosome complements. Subclones of WOR-6 that contained only 1s cells rarely produced tumors in nude mice, even at high inoculum doses, whereas clones containing a high fraction of 2s cells were consistently tumorigenition, serial passage of WOR-6 cells in semisolid medium resulted in selective enrichment for near 2s cells and, concomitantly, greatly enhanced tumorigenicity. Analyses of G-banded chromosomes revealed that the 1s cells of the WOR-6 parental clone, which has a modal chromosome number of 21 and a range of 18 to 23, is completely or partially monosomic for some chromosomes and trisomic for others. The 2s cells, selected both in vivo through growth as tumors in nude mice and in vitro in semisolid medium, appeared to have resulted from preferential duplication of certain chromosomes of the 1s cells. Our results therefore suggest that cells which develop multiple copies of selected genes, while remaining functionally hemizygous for other loci, acquire an enhanced anchorage-independent growth potential in vitro and increased tumorigenicity. This conclusion is consistent with the observation that cellular tumorigenicity is correlated with anchorage independence (Rreedman and Shin, 1974) and leads support to OHNO'S (1974) suggesting that aneuploidy is a possible means employed by cells to express recessive phenotypes and increase their tumorigenicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022225"}
{"pmid": "1022227", "title": "An anomalous muscle (accessory subscapularis-teres-latissimus muscle) in the axilla penetrating the brachial plexus in man.", "content": "An anomalous muscle (accessory subscapularis-teres-latissimus muscle) in the axilla penetrating the brachial plexus in man. An anomalous muscle passing through the brachial plexus was found in 10 cases out of 380 sides of 190 human cadavers in the dissection course. The muscle was designated as 'accessory subscapularis-teres-latissimus muscle'. This muscle arose near the lateral margin of the scapula, either from the surface of the subscapularis muscle or from the border of the quadrangular terminal tendon of the latissimus dorsi or from both of those sources when the muscle was divided into two heads. It ran obliquely upward to fuse with the insertion of the subscapularis. The largest anomaly was 2.5 cm in width and 7 cm in length. This muscle could be classified into three types on the basis of its nerve supply and its relation to the brachial plexus. The type I muscle crossed over the axillary and lower subscapular nerves, behind the radial nerve and was innervated by the lower subscapular nerves. The type II musclepenetrated the brachial plexus separating the radial nerve into two roots; the upper from the posterior division of the upper trunk and the lower from the posterior divisions of the middle and lower trunks. The type II muscle was supplied by a branch of the radial nerve, which originated always at the same level as the origin of the thoracodorsal nerve. The type III muscle passed through the further more ventrocaudal level of the plexus; in one case it divided the radial nerve into an upper root from the posterior divisions of the upper and middle trunks and a lower root from the lower trunk, and, in another case, into an upper main root from all the three trunks and a lower slender root from the lower trunk. The type III muscle was supplied by branches from the radial and in addition from the thoracodorsal nerve in one case. In four out of ten cases, the subscapular or thoracodorsal artery also passed posterior to the anomalous muscle. A discussion was made on the nature of the anomalous muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022227"}
{"pmid": "1022228", "title": "Biologic determinants of tumor growth in scar tissue.", "content": "Biologic determinants of tumor growth in scar tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022228"}
{"pmid": "1022229", "title": "Successive stereo and vernier position discrimination as a function of dark interval duration.", "content": "Successive stereo and vernier position discrimination as a function of dark interval duration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022229"}
{"pmid": "1022231", "title": "HLA antigens in families of juvenile onset diabetics [proceedings].", "content": "HLA antigens in families of juvenile onset diabetics [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022231"}
{"pmid": "1022230", "title": "HLA in maturity-onset diabetes [proceedings].", "content": "HLA in maturity-onset diabetes [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022230"}
{"pmid": "1022226", "title": "Prenatal exposure and carcinogenesis.", "content": "Prenatal exposure and carcinogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022226"}
{"pmid": "1022313", "title": "Advances in glomerular physiology.", "content": "Advances in glomerular physiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022313"}
{"pmid": "1022314", "title": "What is a clinical pharmacologist today.", "content": "What is a clinical pharmacologist today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022314"}
{"pmid": "1022316", "title": "Study of a microassay for the quantitation of cytotoxic antitumor antibody, using 125I-iododeoxyuridine as a target cell label; detection of a static effect on cell DNA synthesis.", "content": "Study of a microassay for the quantitation of cytotoxic antitumor antibody, using 125I-iododeoxyuridine as a target cell label; detection of a static effect on cell DNA synthesis. The different steps of a microassay for the quantitation of cytotoxic antitumor antibody, are studied in detail. It is shown that the use of 125I-Iododeoxyuridine as the target cell label, at the end of the assay, after action of serum and complement, allows the advantages available with this isotopic label to be retained and to avoid the main disadvantage due to its non specific toxicity for the target cells. Furthermore, this technique is shown to be able to detect non only a killer effect of immune sera on specific target cells with complement but also an additionnal static effect of DNA synthesis : this effect is complement dependent and transitory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022316"}
{"pmid": "1022330", "title": "Genetic analysis of nurse dams selected for six-week body weight or postweaning gain in mice.", "content": "Genetic analysis of nurse dams selected for six-week body weight or postweaning gain in mice. A modified crossfostering technique was developed to compare the performance of nurse dams in selected and control populations of mice. The H6 and M16 populations were selected for increased 6-week body weight and 3- to 6-week postweaning gain, respectively, while the C2 and ICR populations were the respective controls. Crossfostering was performed using H6, M16 and their reciprocal F1 crosses as nurse dams in the selected crossfostering group and C2 ICR and their reciprocals in the control group. Measurements recorded for nurse dams included mean body weight of 8 young within a nursed litter at birth (MWB) and 12 days of age (MW12). The latter was used as a measure of postnatal maternal performance. Other traits recorded for nurse dams were number born (NB), body weight at parturition (DWP) and 12 days postpartum (DW12), and weight gain (DWG), feed intake (FED) and efficiency (EFF = DWG/FED) for the first 12 days of lactation. The correlated response in MW12 was negative (P less than .01) for M16 and essentially zero for H6. Both lines exhibited positive (P less than .01) correlated responses in DWP and DW12 and no change in EFF. Only the H6 line increases significantly in DWG and FED as a result of selection. NB increased in M16 and H6, but was significant for the latter population only. Population differences in selection response [(M16-ICR)-(H6-C2)] were significant for FED only, primarily due to average direct genetic effects. Direct comparisons of M16 and H6 indicated that M16 was larger in DWP and DW12 but smaller in DWG and EFF. Average direct genetic effects favored M16 for NB, DWP, and DW12, whereas average maternal genetic effects favored H6 for NB, DWP, DW12 and FED. Percent direct heterosis, in F1 crosses of selected populations was significant for MW12 (13.7%) ,FED (10.8%) and NB (11.4%). Direct heterosis in F1 crosses of the controls was significant for MW12 (9.4%), NB (6.6%), DWP (3.5%), DW12 (3.3%) and FED (4.4%). The effects of MW12, DWG and metabolic body size (MBS) accounted for 47% of the variation in FED, pooled within populations. Of these variables, MW12 accounted for the highest proportion (32%) of variation in total feed intake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022330"}
{"pmid": "1022329", "title": "Dominant-and-recessive epistasis in a homeotic mosquito mutant.", "content": "Dominant-and-recessive epistasis in a homeotic mosquito mutant. Following selection for 15 generations a pure strain of a homeotic mutant spur was isolated from a Brazilian population of the mosquito Culex pipiens fatigans. Monohybrid crosses showed a 13:3 segregation indicating dominant-and-recessive epistasis for wild-type vs. spur. This implies that a dominant allele at one locus and a recessive at the other interact to produce the mutant phenotype. Dihybrid crosses with linkage group II markers yellow and ruby gave 39:13:9:3 ratios indicating independent segregation. However, the dihybrid cross with linkage group I marker maroon showed a highly significant departure from 39:13:9:3 ratio. Data available indicate that the phenotype spur is controlled by a dominant epistat in linkage group III and a recessive epistat (approximately 31.9 crossover units from maroon) in linkage group I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022329"}
{"pmid": "1022331", "title": "Cytological effects of an organic phosphate pesticide on human cells in vitro.", "content": "Cytological effects of an organic phosphate pesticide on human cells in vitro. This investigation was undertaken to determine the radiomimetic effects in vitro of the insecticide guthion [azinophos-methyl; O, O-dimethyl S-(4-oxobenzotriazino-3-methyl) phosphorodithioate] on two human cell lines, diploid (WI-38) and heteroploid (HEp-2). In WI-38 cells, dosages of 120, 140 and 160 microng/ml of guthion were effective in inducing an average chromosome breakage of 0.042, 0.058 and 0.165 respectively per cell. In control cells, the mean number of breaks per cell was 0.011. Chromosome breakages were significantly higher in treated cells. Since guthion prevents cells from entering into mitosis during treatment, the number of mitiotic cells decreases rapidly following treatment with higher concentrations. Similar dosages in treated HEp-2 cells also induced a high incidence of chromosome aberrations, the most common being chromatid breaks and exchanges. Infrequently noted were mild failure of condensation, despiralization, secondary constrictions, gaps, dicentric chromosomes and pulverization. To date, this study reaffirms previous findings of the potentially hazardous, mutagenic effects of guthion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022331"}
{"pmid": "1022333", "title": "Meiotic evidence for pericentric inversion polymorphism in Junco (Aves).", "content": "Meiotic evidence for pericentric inversion polymorphism in Junco (Aves). Species of the genus Junco are polymorphic for chromosomes 2 and 5. Diplotene karyotypes of 61 adult male Dark-eyed Juncos, Junco hyemalis, were analyzed in order to determine the basis of the polymorphisms. Individuals carrying heterozygous bivalents of the polymorphic chromosomes have fewer chiasma than homozygous individuals. These data suggest that two separate pericentric inversions are at the basis of the polymorphisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022333"}
{"pmid": "1022332", "title": "Effects of ozone on meiotic chromosomes of Vicia faba.", "content": "Effects of ozone on meiotic chromosomes of Vicia faba. All of the levels of ozone used in these experiments caused morphological damage to plants of Vicia faba L., but only the dose of 200 parts per hundred million for 4 h or 8 h caused chromosomal damage in the microsporocytes. Significant chromosomal damage appeared 24 h after fumigation in metaphase I and anaphase I - telophase I but no significant damage was found in anaphase II - telophase II. This observation suggests that chromosomes are more susceptible to ozone during early stages of meiosis than at later stages. Chromosomal damage was of two types: physiological, as suggested by chromosome stickiness and physical, as indicated by bridges, fragments, and micronuclei.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022332"}
{"pmid": "1022338", "title": "VII. A procedure for the preparation of diribonucleoside monophosphates having natural linkage.", "content": "VII. A procedure for the preparation of diribonucleoside monophosphates having natural linkage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022338"}
{"pmid": "1022339", "title": "Studies on benzoheterocyclic derivatives. XVII. Analgesic activity of dihydrobenzofuran derivatives.", "content": "Studies on benzoheterocyclic derivatives. XVII. Analgesic activity of dihydrobenzofuran derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022339"}
{"pmid": "1022340", "title": "Effect of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-acetamidoxime on caudato-thalamo-cortical system in cats.", "content": "Effect of 1,2-benzisoxazole-3-acetamidoxime on caudato-thalamo-cortical system in cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022340"}
{"pmid": "1022341", "title": "Identification of a novel aminonucleoside produced by Enterobacter sp. as 2'-amino-2'-deoxyguanosine.", "content": "Identification of a novel aminonucleoside produced by Enterobacter sp. as 2'-amino-2'-deoxyguanosine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022341"}
{"pmid": "1022342", "title": "Effect of age on the distribution of drug in blood.", "content": "Effect of age on the distribution of drug in blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022342"}
{"pmid": "1022343", "title": "Effect of ginseng saponins on cholesterol metabolism. II. Effect of ginsenosides on cholesterol synthesis by liver slice.", "content": "Effect of ginseng saponins on cholesterol metabolism. II. Effect of ginsenosides on cholesterol synthesis by liver slice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022343"}
{"pmid": "1022344", "title": "Separation and determination of cardiac steroids by high-pressure liquid chromatography.", "content": "Separation and determination of cardiac steroids by high-pressure liquid chromatography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022344"}
{"pmid": "1022345", "title": "Analysis of d-ethambutol by circular dichroism of its copper chelates.", "content": "Analysis of d-ethambutol by circular dichroism of its copper chelates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022345"}
{"pmid": "1022346", "title": "Disk to sphere transformation of erythrocyte induced by 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS). II. Quantitative study on adsorption of ANS by whole erythrocyte and by ghost membrane.", "content": "Disk to sphere transformation of erythrocyte induced by 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS). II. Quantitative study on adsorption of ANS by whole erythrocyte and by ghost membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022346"}
{"pmid": "1022347", "title": "Conversion of acylamidopenicillins to phosphoramidopenicillins, and removal of their phosphoryl side chain.", "content": "Conversion of acylamidopenicillins to phosphoramidopenicillins, and removal of their phosphoryl side chain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022347"}
{"pmid": "1022348", "title": "Effect of pre-administered fats and fatty acids on the intestinal absorption of tryptophan in the rat.", "content": "Effect of pre-administered fats and fatty acids on the intestinal absorption of tryptophan in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022348"}
{"pmid": "1022349", "title": "Amino acids and peptides. II Synthesis of stereoisomeric alanine containing peptide derivatives and their effects on germination of Bacillus thiaminolyticus spores.", "content": "Amino acids and peptides. II Synthesis of stereoisomeric alanine containing peptide derivatives and their effects on germination of Bacillus thiaminolyticus spores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022349"}
{"pmid": "1022351", "title": "Mechanism for interference of carbamazepine in Porter-Silber reaction for determination of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.", "content": "Mechanism for interference of carbamazepine in Porter-Silber reaction for determination of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022351"}
{"pmid": "1022350", "title": "Chymopapain II. Photooxidation of histidine residues.", "content": "Chymopapain II. Photooxidation of histidine residues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022350"}
{"pmid": "1022352", "title": "A new product of cholesterol by metal-free autoxidation in aqueous dispersion.", "content": "A new product of cholesterol by metal-free autoxidation in aqueous dispersion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022352"}
{"pmid": "1022353", "title": "Structure of a new antimicrobial unsaturated fatty acid from Sm. kitasatoenis NU-23-1.", "content": "Structure of a new antimicrobial unsaturated fatty acid from Sm. kitasatoenis NU-23-1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022353"}
{"pmid": "1022354", "title": "Effect of substituents on the hydrolysis of substituted phenyl beta-acetylglucosaminides by bovine liver beta-acetylglucosaminidase.", "content": "Effect of substituents on the hydrolysis of substituted phenyl beta-acetylglucosaminides by bovine liver beta-acetylglucosaminidase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022354"}
{"pmid": "1022355", "title": "Effects of perfusate constituents on transmucosal fluid movement and drug absorption in rat small intestine.", "content": "Effects of perfusate constituents on transmucosal fluid movement and drug absorption in rat small intestine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022355"}
{"pmid": "1022356", "title": "Decrease of calcium concentration in urine of rats treated with stannous chloride.", "content": "Decrease of calcium concentration in urine of rats treated with stannous chloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022356"}
{"pmid": "1022357", "title": "Effect of ginseng saponin on liver glycogen content.", "content": "Effect of ginseng saponin on liver glycogen content.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022357"}
{"pmid": "1022358", "title": "The effect of dosage form on absorption of vitamin A into lymph.", "content": "The effect of dosage form on absorption of vitamin A into lymph.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022358"}
{"pmid": "1022359", "title": "Studies on the synthesis of cardiotonic steroids. II. Synthesis of 17 beta-(-3-furyl)-5beta, 14beta-androstane-3beta, 14beta-diol.", "content": "Studies on the synthesis of cardiotonic steroids. II. Synthesis of 17 beta-(-3-furyl)-5beta, 14beta-androstane-3beta, 14beta-diol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022359"}
{"pmid": "1022360", "title": "Formation of 4-formylaminoantipyrine as a new metabolite of aminopyrine. II. Enzymatic demethylation and oxidation of aminopyrine and 4-monomethylaminoantipyrine.", "content": "Formation of 4-formylaminoantipyrine as a new metabolite of aminopyrine. II. Enzymatic demethylation and oxidation of aminopyrine and 4-monomethylaminoantipyrine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022360"}
{"pmid": "1022361", "title": "Adolescent therapists.", "content": "Adolescent therapists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022361"}
{"pmid": "1022363", "title": "\"Noc noc\"--what's there? Three basic considerations in evaluating community mental health center programs.", "content": "\"Noc noc\"--what's there? Three basic considerations in evaluating community mental health center programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022363"}
{"pmid": "1022364", "title": "Combined approaches in the treatment of conflicted children and their families.", "content": "Combined approaches in the treatment of conflicted children and their families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022364"}
{"pmid": "1022362", "title": "A regional mental health centre for children and adolescents: the Department of Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents at the Hotel-Dieu du Sacré-Coeur de Jésus, Québec City.", "content": "A regional mental health centre for children and adolescents: the Department of Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents at the Hotel-Dieu du Sacré-Coeur de Jésus, Québec City.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022362"}
{"pmid": "1022366", "title": "National Health Research and Development Program.", "content": "National Health Research and Development Program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022366"}
{"pmid": "1022365", "title": "An objective patient classification system in psychiatric nursing.", "content": "An objective patient classification system in psychiatric nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022365"}
{"pmid": "1022367", "title": "Teaching family therapy by simulation.", "content": "Teaching family therapy by simulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022367"}
{"pmid": "1022368", "title": "Early stimulation: a rationale.", "content": "Early stimulation: a rationale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022368"}
{"pmid": "1022369", "title": "Cancer of the GI tract. Foreword.", "content": "Cancer of the GI tract. Foreword.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022369"}
{"pmid": "1022370", "title": "Diet and gastrointestinal cancer.", "content": "Diet and gastrointestinal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022370"}
{"pmid": "1022371", "title": "Genetic aspects of gastrointestinal cancer.", "content": "Genetic aspects of gastrointestinal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022371"}
{"pmid": "1022372", "title": "Genesis of colorectal cancer.", "content": "Genesis of colorectal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022372"}
{"pmid": "1022373", "title": "Experimental carcinogenesis in the digestive organs.", "content": "Experimental carcinogenesis in the digestive organs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022373"}
{"pmid": "1022374", "title": "Cell proliferation in normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic gastrointestinal cells.", "content": "Cell proliferation in normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic gastrointestinal cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022374"}
{"pmid": "1022375", "title": "Potential of endoscopy, biopsy and cytology in the diagnosis and management of patients with cancer.", "content": "Potential of endoscopy, biopsy and cytology in the diagnosis and management of patients with cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022375"}
{"pmid": "1022376", "title": "Newer radiological techniques in the diagnosis  of gastrointestinal cancer.", "content": "Newer radiological techniques in the diagnosis  of gastrointestinal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022376"}
{"pmid": "1022377", "title": "The present status of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in diagnosis, detection of recurrence, prognosis and evaluation of therapy of colonic and pancreatic cancer.", "content": "The present status of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in diagnosis, detection of recurrence, prognosis and evaluation of therapy of colonic and pancreatic cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022377"}
{"pmid": "1022378", "title": "Tumour markers, enzymes and hormonal markers.", "content": "Tumour markers, enzymes and hormonal markers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022378"}
{"pmid": "1022379", "title": "Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with gastrointestinal cancer.", "content": "Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with gastrointestinal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022379"}
{"pmid": "1022380", "title": "Surgical management of gastrointestinal cancer.", "content": "Surgical management of gastrointestinal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022380"}
{"pmid": "1022381", "title": "Radiation therapy: results and future possibilities.", "content": "Radiation therapy: results and future possibilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022381"}
{"pmid": "1022382", "title": "Chemotherapy, adjuvant to surgery, for gastrointestinal cancer.", "content": "Chemotherapy, adjuvant to surgery, for gastrointestinal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022382"}
{"pmid": "1022384", "title": "Clinical systems engineering.", "content": "Clinical systems engineering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022384"}
{"pmid": "1022383", "title": "Management of precancerous lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.", "content": "Management of precancerous lesions of the gastrointestinal tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022383"}
{"pmid": "1022385", "title": "Nyack shared engineering plan.", "content": "Nyack shared engineering plan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022385"}
{"pmid": "1022386", "title": "Clinical engineering: the means by which instrumentation and technology can be used for health service delivery.", "content": "Clinical engineering: the means by which instrumentation and technology can be used for health service delivery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022386"}
{"pmid": "1022387", "title": "In-hospital medical equipment maintenance.", "content": "In-hospital medical equipment maintenance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022387"}
{"pmid": "1022388", "title": "Biomedical technologists--who's qualified?", "content": "Biomedical technologists--who's qualified?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022388"}
{"pmid": "1022389", "title": "Clinical engineering at Sinai Hospital of Baltimore.", "content": "Clinical engineering at Sinai Hospital of Baltimore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022389"}
{"pmid": "1022390", "title": "The coming generation to match the new technology.", "content": "The coming generation to match the new technology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022390"}
{"pmid": "1022391", "title": "Bioengineering at University of Cape Town & Groote Schuur Hospital.", "content": "Bioengineering at University of Cape Town & Groote Schuur Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022391"}
{"pmid": "1022392", "title": "High frequency electrocardiography.", "content": "High frequency electrocardiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022392"}
{"pmid": "1022393", "title": "Cost analysis of a viable clinical engineering service.", "content": "Cost analysis of a viable clinical engineering service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022393"}
{"pmid": "1022394", "title": "Hospital safety and medical instrumentation practices.", "content": "Hospital safety and medical instrumentation practices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022394"}
{"pmid": "1022401", "title": "Hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: five-year experience.", "content": "Hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: five-year experience. Mortality during the hospitalization period was analyzed in a sample of 786 patients with acute myocardial infarction [AMI], admitted to the coronary care unit within a five-year period from a catchment area of 200 000 urban inhabitants. The total mortality during the hospitalization period amounted to 19.2%. The prognostic significance of certain clinically meaningful phenomena was appraised on the basis of their association to the mortality. It was demonstrated that the factors decisive for the prognosis of a patient with AMI are age, previous myocardial infarction, extent and localization of the ischaemic lesion apparent from the ECG tracing, and, in addition, presence of the atrioventricular and intraventricular conduction defects, especially if combined with anterior myocardial infarction. Patients with a high cumulation of these prognostic factors exhibited severe signs of mechanical heart failure, which is the mechanism of death in practically all of the deceased patients under the present possibilities of treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022401"}
{"pmid": "1022395", "title": "What is instrumentation science?", "content": "What is instrumentation science?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022395"}
{"pmid": "1022402", "title": "Coagulability of arterial and venous blood in healthy subjects, patients with coronary atherosclerosis, and patients with rheumatic cardiopathies.", "content": "Coagulability of arterial and venous blood in healthy subjects, patients with coronary atherosclerosis, and patients with rheumatic cardiopathies. Coagulability of arterial and venous blood was studied in 50 healthy subjects and in 179 patients with circulation disturbances caused by coronary atherosclerosis and rheumatic cardiopathies. All indicators characterizing the individual haemocoagulation phases were respected. In the healthy subjects the coagulative and fibrinolytic activities of venous blood were higher than those of arterial blood. In the patients with heart failure the coagulability of venous blood decreased and that of arterial blood increased. These phenomena were accompanied by fibrinogenaemia, appearance of fibrinogen B in the blood, elevation of free heparin, and inhibition, but occasional activation, of fibrinolysis in both vascular systems. The findings seem to signalize enhanced intravascular blood coagulability in patients with circulation disturbances, which phenomenon has to be taken into account in the treatment of such patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022402"}
{"pmid": "1022396", "title": "Biomedical engineering technician assistance.", "content": "Biomedical engineering technician assistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022396"}
{"pmid": "1022403", "title": "Long-term spontaneous variability of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.", "content": "Long-term spontaneous variability of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. In two different catheterization studies the authors repeatedly measured the left ventricular pressures in 43 men with chronic stabilized ischaemic heart disease. The interval between both tests averaged two months. The end-diastolic and systolic pressure and the heart rate were measured. A comprehensive evaluation of the results revealed no statistically significant differences between the results of the first and second measurements. Their correlations are expressed by the following correlation coefficients: r = 0.80 for the end-diastolic pressure, r = 0.76 for the systolic pressure, and r = 0.74 for the heart rate. The study offers first information about the long-term variability of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and contributes to a more exact appraisal of its value in evaluation of natural course or long-term therapeutic intervention of heart diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022403"}
{"pmid": "1022404", "title": "Monophasic action potentials of the right atrium during atrial fibrillation in man.", "content": "Monophasic action potentials of the right atrium during atrial fibrillation in man. In 28 patients with established atrial fibrillation [AF], right atrial monophasic action potentials [MAP] were recorded before DC shock. A close correlation was found between the atrial rate and MAP duration of the fibrillatory waves [FW]. The duration of MAPs ranged between 1 and 6 mV. The atrial rate ranged between 311 and 578 per minute, the highest rates were found during lone AF. In two patients in whom cardioversion failed, a prolongation of right atrial MAP duration of the FW was noted. The efficacy of DC shock and the maintenance of sinus rhythm after cardioversion was greater in patients with AF having a slower rate and a longer MAP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022404"}
{"pmid": "1022405", "title": "Contribution to the vector analysis of the orthogonal electrocardiogram.", "content": "Contribution to the vector analysis of the orthogonal electrocardiogram. A method is described for characterizing the spatial directions of vectors with the aid of the angle alpha, characterizing the direction of the vector's projection upon the frontal plane, and angle beta, indicating the deflection of the spatial vector from the frontal plane. Angle alpha is expressed in the mode used with the conventional ECG system [from 0 degrees to +/- 180 degrees], and angle beta from 0 degrees to +/- 90 degrees. Calculations are made with the aid of algebraic formulae, and the results are tabulated. To facilitate the calculations of the magnitudes and directions of vectors in the space with respect to the orthogonal leads, and for better illustration, special schemes are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022405"}
{"pmid": "1022406", "title": "Design and methodology of the Zagreb preliminary study: response rates at the study stages.", "content": "Design and methodology of the Zagreb preliminary study: response rates at the study stages. A procedure for recruitment of a trial cohort from a demographically defined population is described. Provision was made by means of a prescreening survey to determine demographic and attitudinal characteristics in the group invited to screening before the invitation was extended, thus providing information on non-participants as well as participants. Men who satisfied the criteria for borderline levels of one or more of the three risk factors on at least two of possible three occasions were invited to participate in a radomized multifactor treatment trial either being treated by medication for the appropriate risk factor [or factors], or observed during the same intervals in the same fashion as those treated. During follow-up attempts were made to measure adherence to the prescribed medication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022406"}
{"pmid": "1022398", "title": "Hospital technical services and electrical safety.", "content": "Hospital technical services and electrical safety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022398"}
{"pmid": "1022407", "title": "The renin-angiotensin systems in adrenal-regeneration hypertension.", "content": "The renin-angiotensin systems in adrenal-regeneration hypertension. Adrenal regeneration hypertension [ARH] was induced after Ingle and Higgins, and Skelton in 13 female Wistar rats one and a half months old with the purpose of studying the function of the renal and the brain renin-angiotensin systems in that model of hypertension, before and after treatment with antihypertensive prostaglandin EI [PGEI]. It was found that a 30 days' application of PGEI induced a regression of the regenerated adrenal cortex, accompanied by a significant decrease in arterial blood pressure to normotensive values. Plasma renin activity did not correlate with the level of the blood pressure nor with kidney renin activity and was not influenced by PGEI. However renal renin activity, which was found to be increased, corresponded to the elevated blood pressure, and decreased almost to normal values with normalization of the blood pressure. A correlation between the brain and kidney renin systems was established in that increased renal renin activity was accompanied by low brain stem and medulla renin activity. The balance was restored by PGEI, which not only lowered blood pressure and decreased renal rein acitivity, but induced an increase of brain stem and medulla renin activity. It is concluded that there exists a notable connection between adrenal cortex regeneration, renal antihypertensive prostaglandins and the kidney and brain renin-angiotensin systems, which pays a correlated role in the mechanism of adrenal regeneration hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022407"}
{"pmid": "1022397", "title": "An overview of health care equipment.", "content": "An overview of health care equipment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022397"}
{"pmid": "1022408", "title": "Hospital prognosis of myocardial infarction with respect to risk factors.", "content": "Hospital prognosis of myocardial infarction with respect to risk factors. Out of 9922 patients with ischaemic heart disease [IHD] hospitalized during a decade, clinico-pathological data of 796 patients with acute myocardial infarction [MI] were analyzed in detail. With the aid of a logico-probabilistic model, the author made an attempt to quantify the individual risks of the hospital prognosis of MI and to obtain the so-called cumulative risk of MI. The prognostic relevances of the characters investigated were tested by Bayes' theorem. By reducing the matrix \"character-disease\", the original number of 201 characters was reduced to 34, which were divided into five classes, as follows: a] anamnestic data about the occurrence of risk factors, b] data on coronary pains, c] objective clinical, electrocardiographic, or roentgenological findings, d] duration of the praehospitalization phase, e] patient's sex and age. The cumulative risk [sum of partial risks] amounted to 60% and less in MI with a favourable hospital prognosis [that is, at lethality lesser than 5%]; to 61%--100% with a medium fair hospital prognosis [at lethality from 6% to 30%], and to more than 101% with a poor hospital prognosis [at lethality of 41% and higher]. A comparative test of the prognostic index, performed in a different referral area, showed a relatively good practical usability of the criteria described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022408"}
{"pmid": "1022409", "title": "The effect of furosemide stimulation on renin secretion and its application in examining activity of the renin-angiotensin system.", "content": "The effect of furosemide stimulation on renin secretion and its application in examining activity of the renin-angiotensin system. The response of plasma renin concentration [PRC] to Furosemide administration and orthostasis stimulation was studied in 9 healthy volunteers and in 30 patients with essential hypertension. The results indicate that Furosemide is unfit for stimulation of renin secretion owing to a relatively high frequency of paradoxical PRC decreases observed both in hypertensives and normotensives. On the other hand, orthostasis stimulation is a manoeuvre suitable also for screening of low renin hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022409"}
{"pmid": "1022399", "title": "Preventive maintenance: spirometers.", "content": "Preventive maintenance: spirometers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022399"}
{"pmid": "1022410", "title": "The effect of orthostasis on the I-131 clearance in the metatarsal and crural subcutis in patients with occlusive arterial diseases.", "content": "The effect of orthostasis on the I-131 clearance in the metatarsal and crural subcutis in patients with occlusive arterial diseases. In 11 patients with occlusive arterial disease and severe cutaneous ischaemia, orthostasis procuded a significant decrease in the I-131 clearance in the distal crural subcutis. In the metatarsal subcutis, however, the mean clearance value remained unchanged on the average, and in patients with low initial clearance values it mostly increased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022410"}
{"pmid": "1022411", "title": "Age-related changes of ballistocardiogram in healthy persons.", "content": "Age-related changes of ballistocardiogram in healthy persons. Electrocardiographic and ballistocardiographic changes in 179 clinically healthy men aged 21 to 60 years are reported. Pathological changes in ECG have been registered with advancing age as well as changes in BCG type according to Brown's classification, prolongation of the distances between ECG peak R and the peaks of BCG waves, and a reduction of the amplitudes of BCG segments. In comparison with the youngest group [21 to 30 years of age] the changes described were statistically significant, especially in individuals in the fifth and sixth decades.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022411"}
{"pmid": "1022400", "title": "Safe use of electricity in the hospital.", "content": "Safe use of electricity in the hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022400"}
{"pmid": "1022412", "title": "Changes in blood-serum enzymes in rheumatic myocarditis.", "content": "Changes in blood-serum enzymes in rheumatic myocarditis. Serum activity analyses of nine enzymes [CPK, HBDH, SDH, ALP, GPT, GOT, LDH, MDH, ALD] in patients with rheumaitc carditis revealed certain elevations of the mean values of LDH, GOT, HBDH, GPT, ALP and MDH. These changes have no particular diagnostic importance because similar findings were also obtained in patients with both rheumatic and nonrheumatic arthritis. The changes occurring during antirheumatic treatment are minimal and statistically not significant. Greater elevations of LDH, ALD, GOT, HBDH, GPT, MDH, and ALP are found in patients with decompensated rheumatic heart disease associated with active rheumatic carditis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022412"}
{"pmid": "1022413", "title": "The secretory IgA system.", "content": "The secretory IgA system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022413"}
{"pmid": "1022414", "title": "Arsenic and skin cancer: cocarcinogenicity.", "content": "Arsenic and skin cancer: cocarcinogenicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022414"}
{"pmid": "1022415", "title": "Routine screening patch test results: 1970-1974.", "content": "Routine screening patch test results: 1970-1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022415"}
{"pmid": "1022416", "title": "Contact urticaria: a different contact dermatitis.", "content": "Contact urticaria: a different contact dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022416"}
{"pmid": "1022417", "title": "Comments regarding hypoallergenic cosmetics.", "content": "Comments regarding hypoallergenic cosmetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022417"}
{"pmid": "1022418", "title": "The International Contact Dermatitis Research Group.", "content": "The International Contact Dermatitis Research Group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022418"}
{"pmid": "1022420", "title": "Guidelines for placement of elective incisions.", "content": "Guidelines for placement of elective incisions. The scar resulting from elective cutaneous surgery can be minimized if the location of the incision is chosen after considering the direction of the skin tension lines, creases, and wrinkles, and if the patient is positioned so that the skin of the surgical field is in a relaxed or anatomically neutral position. Selection of the best location for an elective incision is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022420"}
{"pmid": "1022419", "title": "Immunoglobulin E, atopy, and nickel allergy.", "content": "Immunoglobulin E, atopy, and nickel allergy. Statements in the literature as to whether a relation exists between atopy and nickel allergy are contradictory. I have attempted to make the diagnosis of the two states more stringent by using immunoglobulin E (IgE) determinations and serial dilution tests with nickel sulfate. The IgE determinations proved to be of less value in cases of pure eczema, and nonspecific (?) increases were sometimes observed. The incidence of family atopy was higher in other reports, but the clinical significance of this was unclear. Serial dilution tests gave important information, and a warning is issued against uncritical acceptance of a test reaction with 5.0% nickel sulfate in a patient with suspected atopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022419"}
{"pmid": "1022421", "title": "Choroid plexus papilloma. I. Proof of cerebrospinal fluid overproduction.", "content": "Choroid plexus papilloma. I. Proof of cerebrospinal fluid overproduction. Utilizing a ventricular perfusion technique, the rate of CSF formation was determined in a 2-year-old child before and after removal of a 74 g choroid plexus papilloma from the left lateral ventricle. Preoperatively, the CSF formation rate was 1.05 +/- SD 0.01 ml/min (1,656 ml/day). Postoperatively, the CSF formation rate was reduced fivefold to 0.20 +/- SD 0.01 ml/min (288 ml/day). Whereas these data are regarded as conclusive evidence of CSF overproduction by a choroid plexus papilloma, the pathogenesis of generalized ventricular enlargement in this case was due to part to obstruction of the subarachnoid pathways.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022421"}
{"pmid": "1022422", "title": "Pediatric pneumoencephalography with nitrous oxide.", "content": "Pediatric pneumoencephalography with nitrous oxide. The recent advances in neurodiagnostic procedures have changed pneumoencephalography. Now we must find the smallest lesions and demonstrate accurately their relationships to the ventricular system cisterns and surrounding structures. Complex blurring motion tomography gives this detail, but the pediatric patients are difficult to examine and immobilization during the long exposure needed for tomography frequently compromises the airway. Hypoventilation from sedation and from the radiographic positioning may lead to increased intracranial pressure. By performing pediatric pneumoencephalography under general anesthesia, with nitrous oxide as both an anesthetic agent and as the contrast material, we are able to control patient motion, preserve the child's airway, and prevent hypoventilation. The nitrous oxide, rapidly diffusible, is a good contrast agent, as large volumes can be used and the gas leaves the ventricular system quickly after the discontinuation of the anesthetic. This rapid reabsorption and elimination of the subarachnoid gas may decrease pneumoencephalographic morbidity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022422"}
{"pmid": "1022423", "title": "Multiple arteriovenous malformations of spinal cord and brain in a child. Case report.", "content": "Multiple arteriovenous malformations of spinal cord and brain in a child. Case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022423"}
{"pmid": "1022425", "title": "Intraspinal lipomas in children.", "content": "Intraspinal lipomas in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022425"}
{"pmid": "1022424", "title": "Experimental congenital hydrocephalus. A review with special consideration of hydrocephalus produced by zinc deficiency.", "content": "Experimental congenital hydrocephalus. A review with special consideration of hydrocephalus produced by zinc deficiency. A review was made of experimental methods available to produce congenital hydrocephalus by teratogenic methods. Radiation, infections, trypan blue, hypervitaminosis A, salicylates and nutritional deficiencies were considered. In the course of prenatal zinc deficiency experiments, congenital hydrocephalus was frequently encountered and histologic sections were made of many representative specimens. Details of the findings are described, among them various types of aqueduct stenosis or obileration. Although these anomalies suggest that occlusion of the aqueduct is the cause of the enlargement of the ventricular system it was noted that there was also ventricular dilatation caudal to the stenotic point of the aqueduct. Hydrocephalus without aqueductal stenosis has also been observed in experimental animals. It seems possible that some cases of congenital hydrocephalus attributed to aqueductal stenosis are examples of hydrocephalus with secondary block of the aqueduct.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022424"}
{"pmid": "1022521", "title": "A radioimmunoassay for human plasma corticosterone.", "content": "A radioimmunoassay for human plasma corticosterone. A radioimmunoassay for human plasma corticosterone has been developed. Antiserum against corticosterone was produced in rabbits immunized with corticosterone-21-hemisuccinate conjugated to bovine serum albumin. The antiserum cross-reacted with progesterone, DOC and dehydrocorticosterone more than 20%. After the extraction with ether, and the separation by Sephadex LH-20 microcolumn chromatography, recovery was 51.2 +/- 12.1% in 50 assays. The mean coefficient of variation between assays was 7.7% and within assays was 8.6%. Human plasma corticosterone is measured readily by assaying aliquots of an ether extract of 0.05 to 0.1 ml of plasma after microcolumn chromatography. The mean plasma corticosterone concentration at 9 a.m. was 7.1 +/- 3.2 ng/ml in 45 normal subjects. Plasma corticosterone increased 5.2 times as much as basal values after ACTH injection, whereas radioimmunoassayed cortisol increased 2.4 times. On the other hand, plasma corticosterone decreased to 22.6% of basal values at four hours after 1 mg dexamethasone, whereas radioimmunoassayed cortisol decreased to 12.3% of basal values.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022521"}
{"pmid": "1022520", "title": "Substance P radioimmunoassay using Nalpha-tyrosyl-substance P and demonstration of the presence of substance P-like immunoreactivities in human blood and porcine tissue extracts.", "content": "Substance P radioimmunoassay using Nalpha-tyrosyl-substance P and demonstration of the presence of substance P-like immunoreactivities in human blood and porcine tissue extracts. Sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for substance P was developed using synthetic substance P and 125I-Nalpha-tyrosyl-substance P. Substance P-human alpha-globulin conjugate was used for production of anti-substance P antisera in rabbits. Synthetic substance P was used as a standard and the dextran-coated charcoal method was employed to separate the free peptide from that bound to antibodies. No cross-reactions by physalaemin and eledoisin observed in this system proved its high specificity to substance P. Nalpha-Tyrosyl-substance P and [Tyr1]-substance P showed the displacement curves indistinguishable from that of the standard substance P. Neither substance P5-11 nor substance P6-11 competed with the tracer at the concentration used. The minimum measurable dose of substance P by the assay system was 2.5-5 pg/incubate. Utilizing the system, human plasma samples from 42 healthy volunteers of both sexes were shown to contain immunoreactive substance P in amounts that averaged 298 pg/ml in male and 251 pg/ml in female. Substance P-like immunoreactivity was also demonstrated in hot-water extracts of porcine duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, middle colon, rectum, pancreas, stomach and pituitary. The highest concentration (379 ng/g wet weight of organ) was found in the pituitary, and the ileum (7.9 ng/g wet weight of organ) and jejunum (1.9 ng/g wet weight of organ) were rich in the contents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022520"}
{"pmid": "1022522", "title": "Post-traumatic anterior pituitary insufficiency developed in a patient with partial lipodystrophy.", "content": "Post-traumatic anterior pituitary insufficiency developed in a patient with partial lipodystrophy. A case of partial lipodystrophy developing anterior pituitary insufficiency, chronic glomerulonephritis and pulmonary fibrosis was reported. The patient died of respiratory failure secondary to pituitary crisis during the hospital course. From the clinical course in recent several years and the postmortem examination the head injury following car accident in the past history was considered to be the most plausible cause of hypopituitarism. The etiology of pulmonary fibrosis remained unresolved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022522"}
{"pmid": "1022523", "title": "Studies on the \"low dose\" suppressible Cushing's disease.", "content": "Studies on the \"low dose\" suppressible Cushing's disease. Diagnosis of Cushing's disease in most cases can be established by the standard dexamethasone suppression test without difficulty. However, some cases were known to be normally suppressed by the standard low dose of dexamethasone (2 mg daily). The case we encountered recently was also normally suppressed by either the rapid (Nugent) or the standard (Liddle) method. This fact prompted us to study the usefulness of a single dose of 0.5 mg of dexamethasone to suppress the plasma cortisol in the normal. It was concluded that the single oral dose of 0.5 mg of dexamethasone given at 11 p.m. on the previous night suppressed the plasma cortisol efficiently the following morning in the normal, thus making the differentiation of particular cases of Cushing's disease from the normal possible. The disappearance of plasma dexamethasone did not differ significantly between the normal and the Cushing's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022523"}
{"pmid": "1022513", "title": "Initial evaluation of the multiple injury patient.", "content": "Initial evaluation of the multiple injury patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022513"}
{"pmid": "1022524", "title": "Roles of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin in diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: a comparative study.", "content": "Roles of circulating carcinoembryonic antigen and calcitonin in diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma: a comparative study. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and calcitonin (CT) were simultaneously determined in sera and tumor tissues from 15 patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MCT). Serum CEA was increased in all but one patient, and CT did in all of them. Both levels were significantly related to the weight of excised tumor, but not to the presence of metastasis. Furthermore, a significant correlation was noted between the basal levels of CT and CEA. Both levels fell to normal after a radical operation had been performed. Tissue concentrations of CEA and CT in the MCT were more than 100 times those in hyperthyroidism, and the ratios of tissue over serum levels averaged 770 in CEA and 1000 in CT. In the calcium infusion test, CEA levels were not significantly changed in contrast with a distinct increase in CT levels. The results indicate that CEA and CT represent separate activities of the tumor cells, and that circulating CEA together with CT is a useful indicator in the diagnosis and follow-up of the disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022524"}
{"pmid": "1022525", "title": "Purification and properties of whale thyroid-stimulating hormone III. Properties of isolated multiple components.", "content": "Purification and properties of whale thyroid-stimulating hormone III. Properties of isolated multiple components. Properties of the four purified components of whale thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) have been compared. The amino acid composition shows close similarity among these components. Their hexosamine and sialic acid contents are of the same magnitude, whereas the neutral sugar composition differs somewhat from each other. The molecular weight of whale TSH determined by sedimentation equilibrium is 29,000, and no difference in molecular weight as well as in Stokes radius as determined by gel filtration has been detected among these four components. The amino acid and carbohydrate compositions of whale TSH resemble those of TSH from other species, especially those of non-primate mammalian TSH. Whale TSH contains, unlike bovine TSH but like human TSH, 1-2 residues of sialic acid as a constituent carbohydrate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022525"}
{"pmid": "1022526", "title": "Fetal rat adrenal steroidogenesis and steroid transfer to adrenalectomized mother.", "content": "Fetal rat adrenal steroidogenesis and steroid transfer to adrenalectomized mother. On the 22nd day of gestation in rats, fetuses of acutely adrenalectomized mothers were injected subcutaneously with 0.43 muCi 4-14C-progesterone in 0.05 ml saline. Ten and 20 min after injection to fetuses, samples were taken to determine the 14C-progesterone metabolites in the plasma and adrenal glands. After extraction of the samples taken, the metabolites were separated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography and identified by autoradiography. 11-deoxycorticosterone, 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone, corticosterone and 11beta-hydroxyprogesterone were identified in the plasma of injected fetuses, and, in far smaller amounts, in the plasma of their mothers. The plasma of noninjected fetuses also contained very small amounts of these corticoids. The fetal adrenal glands contained far smaller amounts of radioactive steroids than the fetal plasma did. The results obtained show that steroids of fetal origin can cross the placenta in and out, constituting evidence that the fetal adrenal glands are the only source of the plasma corticoids of their adrenalectomized mothers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022526"}
{"pmid": "1022514", "title": "What does it take to make an auto rescue squad?", "content": "What does it take to make an auto rescue squad?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022514"}
{"pmid": "1022516", "title": "Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation.", "content": "Advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022516"}
{"pmid": "1022517", "title": "The dentist: an overlooked resource.", "content": "The dentist: an overlooked resource.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022517"}
{"pmid": "1022519", "title": "Communications.", "content": "Communications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022519"}
{"pmid": "1022527", "title": "Variety of GH and TSH responses to somatostatin in perfused rat pituitaries in vitro.", "content": "Variety of GH and TSH responses to somatostatin in perfused rat pituitaries in vitro. One male rat pituitary placed in a chamber was perifused with cyclic somatostatin (GIF) for 30 min. Either 160 nM or 1.6 muM GIF caused a decrease in the release of GH. The release of TSH was also decreased by 160 nM GIF, and paradoxically increased by 1.6 muM GIF. Increasing the dose of GIF to 16 muM resulted in an abrupt rise in the release of both GH and TSH during the perfusion; then the level of GH decreased to the nadir level followed by an elevation above the base line, while that of TSH promptly fell back toward the base line. The release of PRL was not clearly affected by 16 muM GIF. [Tyr8]-GIF did not have such stimulatory activities. These results indicate that GIF not only inhibits the release of GH and TSH, but also stimulates that of GH and TSH in this system, depending on its dose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022527"}
{"pmid": "1022518", "title": "Equipment. Improving ambulance electrical systems. II.", "content": "Equipment. Improving ambulance electrical systems. II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022518"}
{"pmid": "1022512", "title": "First Forum debate: Funding of pre-hospital EMS is the responsibility of the public sector.", "content": "First Forum debate: Funding of pre-hospital EMS is the responsibility of the public sector.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022512"}
{"pmid": "1022546", "title": "Relevant health and nutrition education.", "content": "Relevant health and nutrition education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022546"}
{"pmid": "1022547", "title": "Food additives and health: a challenge for nutrition educators.", "content": "Food additives and health: a challenge for nutrition educators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022547"}
{"pmid": "1022548", "title": "Emergency assistance: the nature and organization of disaster relief.", "content": "Emergency assistance: the nature and organization of disaster relief.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022548"}
{"pmid": "1022549", "title": "The liver plasma membrane as a functional mosaic.", "content": "The liver plasma membrane as a functional mosaic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022549"}
{"pmid": "1022551", "title": "Pyruvate carboxylase: Effect of acetyl-coenzyme A on the second partial reaction.", "content": "Pyruvate carboxylase: Effect of acetyl-coenzyme A on the second partial reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022551"}
{"pmid": "1022550", "title": "Organization of the kidney proximal-tubule plasma membrane.", "content": "Organization of the kidney proximal-tubule plasma membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022550"}
{"pmid": "1022552", "title": "The effect of hypoglycin on some parameters of glucose metabolism in the rat.", "content": "The effect of hypoglycin on some parameters of glucose metabolism in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022552"}
{"pmid": "1022553", "title": "A thin-layer-chromatographic method for the separation of sugar phosphates.", "content": "A thin-layer-chromatographic method for the separation of sugar phosphates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022553"}
{"pmid": "1022554", "title": "Purification and properties of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from a crassulacean plant Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi.", "content": "Purification and properties of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from a crassulacean plant Bryophyllum fedtschenkoi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022554"}
{"pmid": "1022555", "title": "Carbohydrate metabolism in Chinese-hamster cells.", "content": "Carbohydrate metabolism in Chinese-hamster cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022555"}
{"pmid": "1022556", "title": "Reversible (near-equilibrium) reactions and substrate cycles.", "content": "Reversible (near-equilibrium) reactions and substrate cycles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022556"}
{"pmid": "1022557", "title": "Effects of tryptophan on gluconeogenesis in the rat and the guinea pig.", "content": "Effects of tryptophan on gluconeogenesis in the rat and the guinea pig.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022557"}
{"pmid": "1022558", "title": "Human hexokinase isoenzymes of muscle in health and disease.", "content": "Human hexokinase isoenzymes of muscle in health and disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022558"}
{"pmid": "1022559", "title": "Multiple forms of hepatic glucokinase.", "content": "Multiple forms of hepatic glucokinase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022559"}
{"pmid": "1022560", "title": "Properties of the isocitrate synthase system from rat liver.", "content": "Properties of the isocitrate synthase system from rat liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022560"}
{"pmid": "1022561", "title": "The influence of acetate on matrix-bound creatine kinase.", "content": "The influence of acetate on matrix-bound creatine kinase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022561"}
{"pmid": "1022562", "title": "Liver sinusoid surface membranes and glycoprotein secretion.", "content": "Liver sinusoid surface membranes and glycoprotein secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022562"}
{"pmid": "1022563", "title": "Re-examination of the molecular weight of chymotryptic inhibitor I from potatoes.", "content": "Re-examination of the molecular weight of chymotryptic inhibitor I from potatoes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022563"}
{"pmid": "1022564", "title": "Haem biosynthesis and hydroxylation of phenazone during lead intoxication.", "content": "Haem biosynthesis and hydroxylation of phenazone during lead intoxication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022564"}
{"pmid": "1022565", "title": "The effect of 4-ethyl-5-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-delta3-pyrrolin-2-one on porphyrin synthesis in the rat.", "content": "The effect of 4-ethyl-5-hydroxy-3,5-dimethyl-delta3-pyrrolin-2-one on porphyrin synthesis in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022565"}
{"pmid": "1022566", "title": "Effect of phenobarbitone and indoxyl sulphate on biliary excretion of foreign organic compounds during administration of carbon tetrachloride.", "content": "Effect of phenobarbitone and indoxyl sulphate on biliary excretion of foreign organic compounds during administration of carbon tetrachloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022566"}
{"pmid": "1022567", "title": "Inhibition of human placental oestradiol-17beta dehydrogenase by adenosine triphosphate: the importance of the coenzyme.", "content": "Inhibition of human placental oestradiol-17beta dehydrogenase by adenosine triphosphate: the importance of the coenzyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022567"}
{"pmid": "1022568", "title": "The effect of perphenazine treatment on testosterone metabolism by established rat mammary carcinomas.", "content": "The effect of perphenazine treatment on testosterone metabolism by established rat mammary carcinomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022568"}
{"pmid": "1022569", "title": "Binding of bile acids to 100000g supernatants from rat liver.", "content": "Binding of bile acids to 100000g supernatants from rat liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022569"}
{"pmid": "1022570", "title": "The protein content of the magnum of the domestic fowl in relation to the secretion and synthesis of albumin.", "content": "The protein content of the magnum of the domestic fowl in relation to the secretion and synthesis of albumin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022570"}
{"pmid": "1022571", "title": "Constitutivity of the mandelate enzymes in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, N.C.I.B. 8250, and its effect on the synthesis of benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase.", "content": "Constitutivity of the mandelate enzymes in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, N.C.I.B. 8250, and its effect on the synthesis of benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022571"}
{"pmid": "1022572", "title": "The protomer isoinhibitors of chymotryptic inhibitor I from potatoes.", "content": "The protomer isoinhibitors of chymotryptic inhibitor I from potatoes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022572"}
{"pmid": "1022573", "title": "A model system for measuring enzyme reactions under conditions of water limitation comparable with those existing in unimbibed resting seeds.", "content": "A model system for measuring enzyme reactions under conditions of water limitation comparable with those existing in unimbibed resting seeds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022573"}
{"pmid": "1022575", "title": "The relationship between cod egg protein and its precursor.", "content": "The relationship between cod egg protein and its precursor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022575"}
{"pmid": "1022574", "title": "A radioimmunoassay for chromosomal proteins.", "content": "A radioimmunoassay for chromosomal proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022574"}
{"pmid": "1022576", "title": "The importance of changes in membrane transport in lymphocyte activation by phytohaemagglutinin.", "content": "The importance of changes in membrane transport in lymphocyte activation by phytohaemagglutinin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022576"}
{"pmid": "1022577", "title": "The mechanism of mitochondrial maturation in the liver of the perinatal rat.", "content": "The mechanism of mitochondrial maturation in the liver of the perinatal rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022577"}
{"pmid": "1022578", "title": "Evolutionary conservation of methylated sequences in vertebrate nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid.", "content": "Evolutionary conservation of methylated sequences in vertebrate nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022578"}
{"pmid": "1022579", "title": "Comparative aspects of ribosome-membrane interactions in rat liver and brain cortex in vitro.", "content": "Comparative aspects of ribosome-membrane interactions in rat liver and brain cortex in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022579"}
{"pmid": "1022580", "title": "Developmental changes in brain-specific enolase isoenzymes.", "content": "Developmental changes in brain-specific enolase isoenzymes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022580"}
{"pmid": "1022581", "title": "Evidence for the existence of a proteoglycan in sheep brain.", "content": "Evidence for the existence of a proteoglycan in sheep brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022581"}
{"pmid": "1022582", "title": "Copper and caeruloplasmin in schizophrenia.", "content": "Copper and caeruloplasmin in schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022582"}
{"pmid": "1022583", "title": "The kinetics of human erythrocyte acetylcholine hydrolase before and after solubilization with Triton X-100.", "content": "The kinetics of human erythrocyte acetylcholine hydrolase before and after solubilization with Triton X-100.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022583"}
{"pmid": "1022584", "title": "Analytical subcellular fractionation of jejunal biopsies from human subjects.", "content": "Analytical subcellular fractionation of jejunal biopsies from human subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022584"}
{"pmid": "1022585", "title": "The biosynthesis of rat serum apolipoproteins by liver and intestinal mucosa.", "content": "The biosynthesis of rat serum apolipoproteins by liver and intestinal mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022585"}
{"pmid": "1022586", "title": "Biochemical studies on anaemia of pregnancy.", "content": "Biochemical studies on anaemia of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022586"}
{"pmid": "1022587", "title": "Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase activities in lactating mammary gland of the rabbit.", "content": "Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase activities in lactating mammary gland of the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022587"}
{"pmid": "1022588", "title": "Precocious stimulation of hepatic 'malic' enzyme activity in ovo following a pituitary graft.", "content": "Precocious stimulation of hepatic 'malic' enzyme activity in ovo following a pituitary graft.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022588"}
{"pmid": "1022589", "title": "Evidence for the release in vitro of iodothyronine deiodase activity from normal human thyroid cells.", "content": "Evidence for the release in vitro of iodothyronine deiodase activity from normal human thyroid cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022589"}
{"pmid": "1022590", "title": "Isotopic exchange studies on the type-L pyruvate kinase from pig liver.", "content": "Isotopic exchange studies on the type-L pyruvate kinase from pig liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022590"}
{"pmid": "1022591", "title": "Substrate inhibition of pyruvate kinase isolated from the leg muscle of Carcinus maenas.", "content": "Substrate inhibition of pyruvate kinase isolated from the leg muscle of Carcinus maenas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022591"}
{"pmid": "1022592", "title": "Changes in protein biosynthesis and enzyme activities during erythroid-cell differentiation.", "content": "Changes in protein biosynthesis and enzyme activities during erythroid-cell differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022592"}
{"pmid": "1022593", "title": "Biosynthesis and metabolism of polyamines and S-adenosylmethionine in the rat.", "content": "Biosynthesis and metabolism of polyamines and S-adenosylmethionine in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022593"}
{"pmid": "1022594", "title": "The usefulness of 'futile cycles'.", "content": "The usefulness of 'futile cycles'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022594"}
{"pmid": "1022595", "title": "The use of [14C,3H] glucose in the study of so-called 'futile cycles' in liver.", "content": "The use of [14C,3H] glucose in the study of so-called 'futile cycles' in liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022595"}
{"pmid": "1022620", "title": "User evaluation of housing for the elderly.", "content": "User evaluation of housing for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022620"}
{"pmid": "1022621", "title": "Assessing the need for semi-dependent housing for the elderly.", "content": "Assessing the need for semi-dependent housing for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022621"}
{"pmid": "1022622", "title": "Reminiscing and ego integrity in institutionalized elderly males.", "content": "Reminiscing and ego integrity in institutionalized elderly males.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022622"}
{"pmid": "1022623", "title": "A program for the elderly at a private psychiatric hospital.", "content": "A program for the elderly at a private psychiatric hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022623"}
{"pmid": "1022624", "title": "Marriage and remarriage rates among older Americans.", "content": "Marriage and remarriage rates among older Americans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022624"}
{"pmid": "1022625", "title": "Significance of grandparents. Perceptions of young adult grandchildren.", "content": "Significance of grandparents. Perceptions of young adult grandchildren.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022625"}
{"pmid": "1022626", "title": "Revenue sharing: implications for policy and research in aging.", "content": "Revenue sharing: implications for policy and research in aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022626"}
{"pmid": "1022627", "title": "Neighborhood conditions of the aged and local government.", "content": "Neighborhood conditions of the aged and local government.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022627"}
{"pmid": "1022628", "title": "Designing a training program for understanding sensory losses in aging.", "content": "Designing a training program for understanding sensory losses in aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022628"}
{"pmid": "1022629", "title": "Perceived age discrimination in a sample of aerospace employees.", "content": "Perceived age discrimination in a sample of aerospace employees.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022629"}
{"pmid": "1022630", "title": "Anthropology and the aged. A preliminary community study.", "content": "Anthropology and the aged. A preliminary community study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022630"}
{"pmid": "1022633", "title": "A human relations approach to problem solving.", "content": "A human relations approach to problem solving.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022633"}
{"pmid": "1022632", "title": "Humanism and the humanities of aging.", "content": "Humanism and the humanities of aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022632"}
{"pmid": "1022631", "title": "Public policy issues of women in transition.", "content": "Public policy issues of women in transition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022631"}
{"pmid": "1022634", "title": "Toward a comprehensive information system in gerontology. A survey of problems, resources, and potential solutions.", "content": "Toward a comprehensive information system in gerontology. A survey of problems, resources, and potential solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022634"}
{"pmid": "1022635", "title": "Fear of crime among the aged.", "content": "Fear of crime among the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022635"}
{"pmid": "1022636", "title": "The fear of crime and its consequences among elderly in three urban communities.", "content": "The fear of crime and its consequences among elderly in three urban communities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022636"}
{"pmid": "1022637", "title": "Attitudes toward aging: increasing optimism found with age.", "content": "Attitudes toward aging: increasing optimism found with age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022637"}
{"pmid": "1022638", "title": "Older people in adolescent literature.", "content": "Older people in adolescent literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022638"}
{"pmid": "1022639", "title": "Attitudes toward aging and behaviors toward the elderly among young people as a function of death anxiety.", "content": "Attitudes toward aging and behaviors toward the elderly among young people as a function of death anxiety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022639"}
{"pmid": "1022640", "title": "The relative impact of congregate and traditional housing on elderly tenants.", "content": "The relative impact of congregate and traditional housing on elderly tenants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022640"}
{"pmid": "1022641", "title": "A senior center in public housing for the elderly.", "content": "A senior center in public housing for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022641"}
{"pmid": "1022642", "title": "Quality of care in old age institutions.", "content": "Quality of care in old age institutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022642"}
{"pmid": "1022643", "title": "A discount program for older persons: a limited method for extending income.", "content": "A discount program for older persons: a limited method for extending income.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022643"}
{"pmid": "1022644", "title": "Aging in America toward the year 2000.", "content": "Aging in America toward the year 2000.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022644"}
{"pmid": "1022645", "title": "Institutional origins of articles in The Gerontologist: 1961-1975.", "content": "Institutional origins of articles in The Gerontologist: 1961-1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022645"}
{"pmid": "1022646", "title": "The Goodmayes psychiatric service for old people.", "content": "The Goodmayes psychiatric service for old people.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022646"}
{"pmid": "1022663", "title": "Recent trends in malposition terminology: a way out of semantic confusion.", "content": "Recent trends in malposition terminology: a way out of semantic confusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022663"}
{"pmid": "1022664", "title": "Diagnosis and nomenclature in congenital cardiac lesions.", "content": "Diagnosis and nomenclature in congenital cardiac lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022664"}
{"pmid": "1022665", "title": "Valvular heart disease and familial hyperlipoproteinaemic xanthomatosis.", "content": "Valvular heart disease and familial hyperlipoproteinaemic xanthomatosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022665"}
{"pmid": "1022666", "title": "Role of glucose and insulin in the management of congestive heart failure (a preliminary communication).", "content": "Role of glucose and insulin in the management of congestive heart failure (a preliminary communication).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022666"}
{"pmid": "1022667", "title": "Left ventricular filling pattern in constrictive pericarditis.", "content": "Left ventricular filling pattern in constrictive pericarditis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022667"}
{"pmid": "1022668", "title": "A profile of sick sinus syndrome.", "content": "A profile of sick sinus syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022668"}
{"pmid": "1022669", "title": "Stability of bundle branch block.", "content": "Stability of bundle branch block.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022669"}
{"pmid": "1022670", "title": "Study of urinary excretion of catecholamines in acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Study of urinary excretion of catecholamines in acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022670"}
{"pmid": "1022671", "title": "Electrophysiological studies in the syndrome of a short P-R interval and normal QRS complex.", "content": "Electrophysiological studies in the syndrome of a short P-R interval and normal QRS complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022671"}
{"pmid": "1022672", "title": "Ectopia cordis.", "content": "Ectopia cordis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022672"}
{"pmid": "1022673", "title": "Abnormal second heart sound in hypoplastic right heart complex.", "content": "Abnormal second heart sound in hypoplastic right heart complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022673"}
{"pmid": "1022674", "title": "Reverse dhumti smoking in Goa: an epidemiologic study of 5449 villagers for oral precancerous lesions.", "content": "Reverse dhumti smoking in Goa: an epidemiologic study of 5449 villagers for oral precancerous lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022674"}
{"pmid": "1022675", "title": "High speed pneumatic drill biopsy in palapable lesions of the breast.", "content": "High speed pneumatic drill biopsy in palapable lesions of the breast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022675"}
{"pmid": "1022676", "title": "Diagnostic difficulties in cardinoma of oesophagus.", "content": "Diagnostic difficulties in cardinoma of oesophagus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022676"}
{"pmid": "1022677", "title": "Space-occupying mediastinal masses: a clinicopathological profile.", "content": "Space-occupying mediastinal masses: a clinicopathological profile.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022677"}
{"pmid": "1022679", "title": "Dermatomic areas and the genesis of melanomas.", "content": "Dermatomic areas and the genesis of melanomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022679"}
{"pmid": "1022678", "title": "Histological assessment of cytologically abnormal smears.", "content": "Histological assessment of cytologically abnormal smears.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022678"}
{"pmid": "1022680", "title": "Studies on histocompatibility antigens in an inbred mouse strain showing spontaneous mammary tumour and leukaemia.", "content": "Studies on histocompatibility antigens in an inbred mouse strain showing spontaneous mammary tumour and leukaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022680"}
{"pmid": "1022682", "title": "Fatty acid composition of lipids from subcellular fractions of human malignant cervical and mouse fibrosarcoma tissues.", "content": "Fatty acid composition of lipids from subcellular fractions of human malignant cervical and mouse fibrosarcoma tissues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022682"}
{"pmid": "1022681", "title": "Serum iron and bone marrow iron stores in cases of leukaemias and lymphomas.", "content": "Serum iron and bone marrow iron stores in cases of leukaemias and lymphomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022681"}
{"pmid": "1022683", "title": "Serum phosphohexose isomerase in cancer.", "content": "Serum phosphohexose isomerase in cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022683"}
{"pmid": "1022685", "title": "Fibrosarcoma of the thyroid.", "content": "Fibrosarcoma of the thyroid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022685"}
{"pmid": "1022684", "title": "Clinical dosimetry of extended field radiation in cancer cervix.", "content": "Clinical dosimetry of extended field radiation in cancer cervix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022684"}
{"pmid": "1022686", "title": "Mammary liposarcoma--report of a case.", "content": "Mammary liposarcoma--report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022686"}
{"pmid": "1022687", "title": "Leiomyosarcoma of Meckel's diverticulum.", "content": "Leiomyosarcoma of Meckel's diverticulum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022687"}
{"pmid": "1022688", "title": "Tuberculosis of the oesophagus: a case report.", "content": "Tuberculosis of the oesophagus: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022688"}
{"pmid": "1022689", "title": "Epidemiology of cancer in the Indian subcontinent.", "content": "Epidemiology of cancer in the Indian subcontinent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022689"}
{"pmid": "1022690", "title": "Prevalence of skin diseases and detection of fungi of known medical importance at high altitude hilly areas.", "content": "Prevalence of skin diseases and detection of fungi of known medical importance at high altitude hilly areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022690"}
{"pmid": "1022691", "title": "Epidermolysis bullosa (report of 7 cases in two families).", "content": "Epidermolysis bullosa (report of 7 cases in two families).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022691"}
{"pmid": "1022692", "title": "What is the place of electron microscopy in diagnostic pathology today.", "content": "What is the place of electron microscopy in diagnostic pathology today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022692"}
{"pmid": "1022693", "title": "Succinic dehydrogenase activity in leukocytes.", "content": "Succinic dehydrogenase activity in leukocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022693"}
{"pmid": "1022694", "title": "Gastric carcinoma; an entity-unitary or divisible.", "content": "Gastric carcinoma; an entity-unitary or divisible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022694"}
{"pmid": "1022695", "title": "Serological response and serum immunoglobulin levels in volunteers immunized with cholera toxin.", "content": "Serological response and serum immunoglobulin levels in volunteers immunized with cholera toxin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022695"}
{"pmid": "1022696", "title": "Erythrocytic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency at Varanasi.", "content": "Erythrocytic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency at Varanasi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022696"}
{"pmid": "1022697", "title": "Primary amyloidosis associated with multiple malignancies.", "content": "Primary amyloidosis associated with multiple malignancies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022697"}
{"pmid": "1022698", "title": "Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.", "content": "Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022698"}
{"pmid": "1022699", "title": "Dyschondroplasia with haemangiomata (Maffucci's syndrome).", "content": "Dyschondroplasia with haemangiomata (Maffucci's syndrome).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022699"}
{"pmid": "1022703", "title": "Study of plague in West Bengal. II. Changing pattern of rodent population.", "content": "Study of plague in West Bengal. II. Changing pattern of rodent population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022703"}
{"pmid": "1022700", "title": "Epidemiological models.", "content": "Epidemiological models.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022700"}
{"pmid": "1022701", "title": "Study of fertility pattern in a rural community.", "content": "Study of fertility pattern in a rural community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022701"}
{"pmid": "1022702", "title": "Use of discriminant analysis for improving treatment completion in District Tuberculosis Programme.", "content": "Use of discriminant analysis for improving treatment completion in District Tuberculosis Programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022702"}
{"pmid": "1022706", "title": "Demographic impact of Gujarat mass vasectomy campaigns.", "content": "Demographic impact of Gujarat mass vasectomy campaigns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022706"}
{"pmid": "1022705", "title": "Weight gain in pregnancy among underprivileged Bengali Hindu women.", "content": "Weight gain in pregnancy among underprivileged Bengali Hindu women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022705"}
{"pmid": "1022704", "title": "An operational model of the District Tuberculosis Programme.", "content": "An operational model of the District Tuberculosis Programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022704"}
{"pmid": "1022707", "title": "Status of smallpox in India and the achievement.", "content": "Status of smallpox in India and the achievement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022707"}
{"pmid": "1022709", "title": "Chronic organophosphorus poisoning in pesticide workers.", "content": "Chronic organophosphorus poisoning in pesticide workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022709"}
{"pmid": "1022708", "title": "Evolution of smallpox eradication programme in India.", "content": "Evolution of smallpox eradication programme in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022708"}
{"pmid": "1022720", "title": "Fluorogenic detection of primary amines in plant histochemistry with fluorescamine: a comparative study on the effects of coagulant and non-coagulant fixatives.", "content": "Fluorogenic detection of primary amines in plant histochemistry with fluorescamine: a comparative study on the effects of coagulant and non-coagulant fixatives. The new highly sensitive method of fluorescamine reaction for the topochemical detection of primary amino groups was studied as a substitude of ninhydrin-Schiff's reaction for the localisation of total proteins in plant tissues. The influence of various coagulant and non-coagulant fixatives on the induction of fluorescamine fluorescence was examined: ethanol, formaldehyde gas and solution, glutaraldehyde, acrolein, osmium tetroxide, Bouin, Rossman, Clarke and Zenker's fluids and FMA were employed. It was found that the use of the fluorogenic method is conditioned by the fixative ability to keep the amino groups disposable and by its capability to reduce the natural autofluorescence of plant material. A detailed account of the fixation methodology demonstrated that non-coagulant acrolein and coagulant mercuric chloride are the most promising fixatives for the use of the fluorescamine reaction in plant histochemistry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022720"}
{"pmid": "1022711", "title": "Causes of death among the aged (55 year and over) in Nagpur City, 1957-72.", "content": "Causes of death among the aged (55 year and over) in Nagpur City, 1957-72.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022711"}
{"pmid": "1022721", "title": "Iodide, thiocyanate and cyanide ions as capturing reagents in one-step copper-thiocholine method for cytochemical localization of cholinesterase activity.", "content": "Iodide, thiocyanate and cyanide ions as capturing reagents in one-step copper-thiocholine method for cytochemical localization of cholinesterase activity. The necessity of the presence of iodide in Cu-ThCh reaction was investigated by following the precipitate formation \"in vitro\" and by evaluating the ultrastructural localization of the precipitate in sympathetic ganglion cells of the frog and in the end-plate regions of the rat diaphragm. It was found that thiocyanate or cyanide is the only anion that can be substituted for iodide as the capturing agent in precipitation. The optimal concentration in the preincubation and incubation media of any one of the three anions is from 2 to 5 mM. At a concentration below 1 mM precipitation \"in vitro\" is considerably delayed as a result of which in electron microscopy diffusion artefacts appear in tissue sections. The unconverted primary precipitate obtained in the presence of iodide had been used for ultrastructural localization of ChE activity and now this use has been extended to precipitates obtained in the presence of CN- or CNS-. Better-quality localization in the presence of either one of the latter anions suggests that they, and particularly CN-, should be substituted for I- in the one-step Cu-ThCh method for the cytochemistry of cholinesterases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022721"}
{"pmid": "1022714", "title": "Influence of age and sex on blood pressure level in a rural population of age 20 years and above in West Bengal.", "content": "Influence of age and sex on blood pressure level in a rural population of age 20 years and above in West Bengal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022714"}
{"pmid": "1022710", "title": "\"Hepatitis \"B\" antigen in voluntary blood donors in Miraj area\".", "content": "\"Hepatitis \"B\" antigen in voluntary blood donors in Miraj area\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022710"}
{"pmid": "1022722", "title": "Paraganglia in the urogential tract of man.", "content": "Paraganglia in the urogential tract of man. According to the earlier concept, the paraganglia of man are believed to degenerate during the first postnatal years after their dominance during the fetal period. Clinical case reports on persisting paraganglia led us to extensive exploration of surgical material obtained from urological and gynecological surgery. The formaldehyde induced fluorescence (FIF) was used for tracing the catecholamine containing tissues. The fluorescence intensities were recorded with a Leitz MPV 2 microspectrophotometer. Solitary, small paraganglia were found in all patients studied. They were especially frequent in the walls of the urinary bladder and in the connective tissue surrounding the urogenital organs. The intensity of the fluorescence was comparable to pharmacological standard of 10(-2) M noradrenaline and at the same level as the FIF of human fetal paraganglia. All cells of the paraganglionic clusters exhibited FIF and no signs of degeneration could be observed. It is suggested that the paraganglia of man do not degenerate postnatally but persist as a remarcable catecholamine reservoir, which might be of physiological importance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022722"}
{"pmid": "1022723", "title": "Histochemical properties of spermatozoa and somatic cells. III. Depolymerization and extraction of DNA during Feulgen acid.", "content": "Histochemical properties of spermatozoa and somatic cells. III. Depolymerization and extraction of DNA during Feulgen acid. The Feulgen acid hydrolysis patterns of chromatin of different biochemical composition and compactness were analyzed. It was found that the purine extraction rate during acid hydrolysis was affected by the addition of NaCl or 2-mercaptoethanol to the hydrolysis bath. The maximum DNA depolymerization rate was directly correlated to the depurination rate but the extraction rate of hydrolysed DNA was in addition dependent on the stability of the surrounding protein matrix. The results indicate that the diffusion of DNA fragments is partially obstructed in extremely stabilized chromatins (e.g. bull spermatozoa). It is assumed that the extraction pattern of DNA is mainly dependent on the size of the fragments which leave the chromatin by diffusion. It appears that basic proteins do not influence the depolymerization of DNA but there are indications that during certain experimental conditions the purine liberation is dependent upon the chromatin structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022723"}
{"pmid": "1022725", "title": "Matrix organization: blueprint of nursing care organization for the 80s.", "content": "Matrix organization: blueprint of nursing care organization for the 80s.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022725"}
{"pmid": "1022724", "title": "On the method of Glenner for the histochemical demonstration of the monoamine oxidase (MAO).", "content": "On the method of Glenner for the histochemical demonstration of the monoamine oxidase (MAO). The method of Glenner et al. for the histochemical demonstration of MAO activity was studied by means of scanning microdensitometry and discrete measurement of optical density (lambda=590 nm) of the liver and brain tissues sections. The experiments indicated that: (1) The optimal time of incubation (the thickness of sections is 15 mum) is 60-90 min. (2) The histochemical reaction proceeds with the following substrates: dopamine, noradrenalin, serotonin, and tryptamine. (3) Iproniazid is the best inhibitor for preincubation whereas for simultaneous inhibition the substrate semicarbazide is better. (4) The incubation under the anaerobic conditions caused a considerable decrease of the stain intensity of the sections. We consider these data to indicate that both the aldehydes and acids formed under oxidation may take part in direct reduction of NBT to diformazan. (5) The histochemical reaction for MAO  without substrates testifies to the presence of endogenous amines or other redox reactions leading to the reduction of NBT.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022724"}
{"pmid": "1022726", "title": "Contract management: latest development in the trend towards regionalization of hospital and health services.", "content": "Contract management: latest development in the trend towards regionalization of hospital and health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022726"}
{"pmid": "1022712", "title": "Effects of rehousing of slum dwellers on the morbidity experience of pre-school children.", "content": "Effects of rehousing of slum dwellers on the morbidity experience of pre-school children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022712"}
{"pmid": "1022713", "title": "Scarabiasis in Kerala.", "content": "Scarabiasis in Kerala.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022713"}
{"pmid": "1022716", "title": "A completely enzymatic method for the determination of glycerophospholipids in human serum.", "content": "A completely enzymatic method for the determination of glycerophospholipids in human serum. A simple method is reported for the determination of GPL in serum, requiring small amount of sample and adequate for screening of large population groups. The method is based on the release of glycerol portion of the phospholipid molecule by the combined action of phospholipase C and lipase. The glycerol is then determined by well established methods. The importance of screening of lecithin, that accounts for more than 84% of the glycerophospholipids of serum lipoproteins, is discussed in view of lipoprotein function and structure and in view of interaction between lipoproteins and plasma membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022716"}
{"pmid": "1022718", "title": "Evidence and first characterization of a glucokinase in pig erythrocytes [proceedings].", "content": "Evidence and first characterization of a glucokinase in pig erythrocytes [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022718"}
{"pmid": "1022728", "title": "Disrespect--a study in hospital relationships.", "content": "Disrespect--a study in hospital relationships.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022728"}
{"pmid": "1022727", "title": "Hospital-based ambulatory care--the wave of the future?", "content": "Hospital-based ambulatory care--the wave of the future?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022727"}
{"pmid": "1022715", "title": "A processing system for elaboration of data obtained by the oxygraph.", "content": "A processing system for elaboration of data obtained by the oxygraph. A Data Processing System is presented to resolve some problems usually present in the oxygraph research. The possibility to obtain a file of data in which each experiment is arranged as completely as possible in the description of experimental conditions and the corresponding data permits the execution of some operations such as calculations, statistical elaborations, kinetic studies, research and comparation of experiments and plotting. This system may result very helpful in the programmation of the experiments and in the elaboration of the data obtained by the oxygraph technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022715"}
{"pmid": "1022717", "title": "Relationships between inhibition of the tryptic and chymotryptic digestion from antiinflammatory agents and substrate structure [proceedings].", "content": "Relationships between inhibition of the tryptic and chymotryptic digestion from antiinflammatory agents and substrate structure [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022717"}
{"pmid": "1022729", "title": "Measuring inappropriate utilization.", "content": "Measuring inappropriate utilization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022729"}
{"pmid": "1022719", "title": "Simultaneous analysis of bases, nucleosides and nucleoside mono and polyphosphates by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) [proceedings].", "content": "Simultaneous analysis of bases, nucleosides and nucleoside mono and polyphosphates by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022719"}
{"pmid": "1022730", "title": "Evaluation of administrative and organizational effectiveness in hospitals.", "content": "Evaluation of administrative and organizational effectiveness in hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022730"}
{"pmid": "1022731", "title": "Political realities of capital formation and capital allocation.", "content": "Political realities of capital formation and capital allocation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022731"}
{"pmid": "1022732", "title": "Predicting two types of hospital innovation.", "content": "Predicting two types of hospital innovation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022732"}
{"pmid": "1022733", "title": "Labor-management conflict and change in a hospital.", "content": "Labor-management conflict and change in a hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022733"}
{"pmid": "1022734", "title": "Puzzlement for hospital planners.", "content": "Puzzlement for hospital planners.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022734"}
{"pmid": "1022735", "title": "Developing a system of large obstetrical services.", "content": "Developing a system of large obstetrical services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022735"}
{"pmid": "1022736", "title": "Multiple-unit hospital systems under single management.", "content": "Multiple-unit hospital systems under single management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022736"}
{"pmid": "1022737", "title": "House staff are students, not employees, NLRB rules.", "content": "House staff are students, not employees, NLRB rules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022737"}
{"pmid": "1022738", "title": "Drug/alcohol abuse patients and the confidentiality of medical records.", "content": "Drug/alcohol abuse patients and the confidentiality of medical records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022738"}
{"pmid": "1022739", "title": "The case for physician involvement in governance and management.", "content": "The case for physician involvement in governance and management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022739"}
{"pmid": "1022740", "title": "Views from the chairman.", "content": "Views from the chairman.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022740"}
{"pmid": "1022741", "title": "How to get doctors involved in governance, management.", "content": "How to get doctors involved in governance, management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022741"}
{"pmid": "1022742", "title": "Doctors on boards: survey tracks a growing trend.", "content": "Doctors on boards: survey tracks a growing trend.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022742"}
{"pmid": "1022743", "title": "Cookbook medicine: defined but not defended.", "content": "Cookbook medicine: defined but not defended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022743"}
{"pmid": "1022744", "title": "Student involvement in health care: the patient's perspective.", "content": "Student involvement in health care: the patient's perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022744"}
{"pmid": "1022746", "title": "House staff union plans strategy for growth and survival.", "content": "House staff union plans strategy for growth and survival.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022746"}
{"pmid": "1022745", "title": "The antitrust implications of physician walkouts.", "content": "The antitrust implications of physician walkouts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022745"}
{"pmid": "1022747", "title": "Do we really have enough physicians?", "content": "Do we really have enough physicians?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022747"}
{"pmid": "1022748", "title": "Medical records and the patient's right to access.", "content": "Medical records and the patient's right to access.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022748"}
{"pmid": "1022749", "title": "Physician compensation: survey shows marked increase in contractual arrangements.", "content": "Physician compensation: survey shows marked increase in contractual arrangements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022749"}
{"pmid": "1022750", "title": "The controversy over audit methodologies.", "content": "The controversy over audit methodologies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022750"}
{"pmid": "1022752", "title": "Physician reaction to quality of care assessment by nurses.", "content": "Physician reaction to quality of care assessment by nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022752"}
{"pmid": "1022751", "title": "Physician-nurse relationships.", "content": "Physician-nurse relationships.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022751"}
{"pmid": "1022753", "title": "A model for physician participation in planning.", "content": "A model for physician participation in planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022753"}
{"pmid": "1022754", "title": "Emergency department physician: man in the middle.", "content": "Emergency department physician: man in the middle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022754"}
{"pmid": "1022755", "title": "Defining the scope of physician competence.", "content": "Defining the scope of physician competence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022755"}
{"pmid": "1022756", "title": "Survey compares medical staff organization in teaching and nonteaching hospitals.", "content": "Survey compares medical staff organization in teaching and nonteaching hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022756"}
{"pmid": "1022757", "title": "Hospital attorneys call for 'fundamental fairness' in staff discipline.", "content": "Hospital attorneys call for 'fundamental fairness' in staff discipline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022757"}
{"pmid": "1022758", "title": "Staff bylaws: an internal code of conduct.", "content": "Staff bylaws: an internal code of conduct.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022758"}
{"pmid": "1022759", "title": "Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis causing nephrotic syndrome in adults.", "content": "Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis causing nephrotic syndrome in adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022759"}
{"pmid": "1022760", "title": "Renal histological changes in cirrhosis of liver (a preliminary study).", "content": "Renal histological changes in cirrhosis of liver (a preliminary study).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022760"}
{"pmid": "1022761", "title": "Urinary indican excretion in cirrhosis of liver.", "content": "Urinary indican excretion in cirrhosis of liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022761"}
{"pmid": "1022762", "title": "Efficacy of Cope needle in pleural biopsy.", "content": "Efficacy of Cope needle in pleural biopsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022762"}
{"pmid": "1022763", "title": "Pancreatic diabeties in Hubli area (North Karnataka) (a preliminary report).", "content": "Pancreatic diabeties in Hubli area (North Karnataka) (a preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022763"}
{"pmid": "1022764", "title": "Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis-minimal or not-so-minimal glomerulonephritis.", "content": "Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis-minimal or not-so-minimal glomerulonephritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022764"}
{"pmid": "1022765", "title": "Endoscopy for haematemesis and gastric ulcer.", "content": "Endoscopy for haematemesis and gastric ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022765"}
{"pmid": "1022766", "title": "Chondroectodermal dysplasia: Ellis van Creveld disease: (a case report).", "content": "Chondroectodermal dysplasia: Ellis van Creveld disease: (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022766"}
{"pmid": "1022767", "title": "Sudden coronary death-clinico-pathological correlation.", "content": "Sudden coronary death-clinico-pathological correlation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022767"}
{"pmid": "1022768", "title": "Diabetic state in chronic liver disease.", "content": "Diabetic state in chronic liver disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022768"}
{"pmid": "1022769", "title": "Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia with slow eye movements-a common hereditary ataxia in Western India.", "content": "Autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia with slow eye movements-a common hereditary ataxia in Western India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022769"}
{"pmid": "1022770", "title": "Rheumatic heart disease-problems and promises.", "content": "Rheumatic heart disease-problems and promises.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022770"}
{"pmid": "1022771", "title": "Extrapyramidal syndromes complicating neuroleptic drug therapy.", "content": "Extrapyramidal syndromes complicating neuroleptic drug therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022771"}
{"pmid": "1022772", "title": "A case of idiopathic haemolytic anaemia of cold antibody type having IgG specificity (a case report).", "content": "A case of idiopathic haemolytic anaemia of cold antibody type having IgG specificity (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022772"}
{"pmid": "1022773", "title": "Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis.", "content": "Hypokalaemic periodic paralysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022773"}
{"pmid": "1022774", "title": "Renal rumour with minor adenocarcinomatous and major osteosarcomatous components.", "content": "Renal rumour with minor adenocarcinomatous and major osteosarcomatous components.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022774"}
{"pmid": "1022786", "title": "Experimental study of finite amplitude pulsatile pressure waves in elastic tubes.", "content": "Experimental study of finite amplitude pulsatile pressure waves in elastic tubes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022786"}
{"pmid": "1022787", "title": "Examination of elastic non-uniformity in the arterial system using a hydraulic model.", "content": "Examination of elastic non-uniformity in the arterial system using a hydraulic model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022787"}
{"pmid": "1022788", "title": "The effects of variable mass and geometry, pretwist, shear deformation and rotatory inertia on the resonant frequencies of intact long bones: a finite element model analysis.", "content": "The effects of variable mass and geometry, pretwist, shear deformation and rotatory inertia on the resonant frequencies of intact long bones: a finite element model analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022788"}
{"pmid": "1022776", "title": "Critical evaluation of different x-ray methods in exploration of mediastinal lymphadenopathy.", "content": "Critical evaluation of different x-ray methods in exploration of mediastinal lymphadenopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022776"}
{"pmid": "1022789", "title": "A technique for joint center analysis using a stored program calculator.", "content": "A technique for joint center analysis using a stored program calculator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022789"}
{"pmid": "1022790", "title": "An instrumented shoe-a portable force measuring device.", "content": "An instrumented shoe-a portable force measuring device.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022790"}
{"pmid": "1022780", "title": "Computed  tomography (c.t.) in affections of the vertebral column and of the spinal cord.", "content": "Computed  tomography (c.t.) in affections of the vertebral column and of the spinal cord.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022780"}
{"pmid": "1022791", "title": "Measurements of nonhomogeneous, directional mechanical properties of articular cartilage in tension.", "content": "Measurements of nonhomogeneous, directional mechanical properties of articular cartilage in tension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022791"}
{"pmid": "1022792", "title": "Three-dimensional large displacement analysis of orthodontic appliances.", "content": "Three-dimensional large displacement analysis of orthodontic appliances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022792"}
{"pmid": "1022778", "title": "The radiological investigation of metastatic invasion of the azygos node.", "content": "The radiological investigation of metastatic invasion of the azygos node.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022778"}
{"pmid": "1022779", "title": "Orbital phlebography.", "content": "Orbital phlebography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022779"}
{"pmid": "1022793", "title": "Effect of bending on the axisymmetric vibrations of a spheroidal model of the head.", "content": "Effect of bending on the axisymmetric vibrations of a spheroidal model of the head.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022793"}
{"pmid": "1022794", "title": "Flexural wave propagation in discontinuous model and in vitro tibiae.", "content": "Flexural wave propagation in discontinuous model and in vitro tibiae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022794"}
{"pmid": "1022795", "title": "Research in orthokeratology. Part II: Experimental design, protocol and method.", "content": "Research in orthokeratology. Part II: Experimental design, protocol and method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022795"}
{"pmid": "1022796", "title": "The national health insurance debate: shifts toward reality?", "content": "The national health insurance debate: shifts toward reality?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022796"}
{"pmid": "1022797", "title": "Setting the floor: a missing ingredient in an effective health policy.", "content": "Setting the floor: a missing ingredient in an effective health policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022797"}
{"pmid": "1022799", "title": "Citizen participation and health care: problems of government induced participation.", "content": "Citizen participation and health care: problems of government induced participation. In this paper we trace the implications of some common contradictions in government-inspired efforts to increase citizen participation in health care delivery. We cover general problems of generating citizen participation, specific difficulties in community organization resulting when issues of health are the organizing focus, and the benefits that were thought to result from efforts to increase citizen participation in social programs in the 1960's. When programs focused on increased citizen participation were initiated program administrators attempted to maximize citizen involvement quickly by: projecting an image of maximal social impact; minimizing or ignoring questions of long-term fiscal uncertainty; projecting an image of maximal control by citizens; and projecting images of institutional solidarity and of experimentation and innovation. They tended to recruit to the staff social activists taken to be representative of the community (although they might not be), promising opportunities for upward mobility. They also tended to adopt conciliatory administrative styles in keeping with their experimental non-elitist orientations. These tendencies characteristic of the initiation phase of projects conflicted with the demands placed upon programs in later phases of program implementation. These demands resulted from later perceived needs to: evaluate programs; limit spending; counter internal organizational opposition; and respond to sponsors' shifting interests. Paraprofessionals recruited to the staff tended to lose their \"community\" orientation, and administrative style tended to focus considerably more on program accountability. These shifting program demands substantially account for what otherwise appears to be the failure of efforts to increase citizens' participation in health delivery programs, and, by extension, in other areas where the impetus for increased citizen participation comes from government initiatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022799"}
{"pmid": "1022798", "title": "National health policy for the future.", "content": "National health policy for the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022798"}
{"pmid": "1022800", "title": "Federal health policy.", "content": "Federal health policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022800"}
{"pmid": "1022801", "title": "The challenge of comparative health policy for political science.", "content": "The challenge of comparative health policy for political science. After a brief review of the literature and some reflection on the state of the art, this paper argues that more analyses of health policy in an explicitly comparative perspective are needed. This conclusion is based on a discussion of the largely unexploited benefits that could accrue from a welding of political science and health services research and a consideration of a research design illustrating the compatibility of these two endeavors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022801"}
{"pmid": "1022802", "title": "National health insurance--policy priorities.", "content": "National health insurance--policy priorities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022802"}
{"pmid": "1022785", "title": "Scintiscan evaluation of rheumatoid hands for monitoring the anti-inflammatory effects of drugs.", "content": "Scintiscan evaluation of rheumatoid hands for monitoring the anti-inflammatory effects of drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022785"}
{"pmid": "1022803", "title": "Social class, political power, and the state: their implications in medicine--parts I and II.", "content": "Social class, political power, and the state: their implications in medicine--parts I and II. This three part article presents an anlysis of the distribution of power and of the nature of the state in Western industrialized societies and details their implications in medicine. Part I presents a critique of contemporary theories of the Western system of power; discusses the countervailing pluralist and power elite theories, as well as those of bureaucratic and professional control; and concludes with an examination of the Marxist theories of economic determinism, structural determinism, and corporate statism. Part II presents a Marxist theory of the role, nature, and characteristics of state intervention. Part III (which will appear in the next issue of this journal) focuses on the mode of that intervention and the reasons for its growth, with an added analysis of the attributes of state intervention in the health sector, and of the dialectical relationship between its growth and the current fiscal crisis of the state. In all three parts, the focus is on Western European countries and on North America, with many examples and categories from the area of medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022803"}
{"pmid": "1022804", "title": "Health planning in the United States: an old idea with a new significance.", "content": "Health planning in the United States: an old idea with a new significance. This paper examines major features of the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-641), a piece of legislation that would radically restructure the health planning system of the United States. The Act combines several, previously uncoordinated, health planning and health resources development agencies into one coordinated program. The program is to consist of statutorily restricted federal agency which will generally oversee the operation of the program, a state program directed by a consumer-dominated board and a series of locally based, generally private, nonprofit, consumer-dominated corporations (\"Health Systems Agencies\") which will carry the bulk of the planning functions. The resource development portion of the act grants funds for a variety of programs. These include both grants and loans (at very favorable interest rates) for medical facilities. In addition there are funds available for innovative projects which hold the prospect of improving health services and environmental conditions within the community. The act also provides the states and local organizations with substantial power over a large portion of the allocations made under the Public Health Act and specifies the process by which health planning must be carried out. Each local planning agency must design a long range health plan for its community and prepare a one-year plan for carrying out portions of the health system plan. These two documents then are used to create State Health plans, plans for construction, modernization or conversion of health facilities and criteria for judging the appropriateness of health services offered in the local areas and in each state. The act seems to create a mechanism whereby the health industry could be quickly converted into a heavily regulated industry. This regulatory process could be implemented in conjunction with national health insurance or by itself.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022804"}
{"pmid": "1022805", "title": "Abortion and the law: the impact on hospital policy of the Roe and Doe decisions.", "content": "Abortion and the law: the impact on hospital policy of the Roe and Doe decisions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effect of the U.S. Supreme Court's abortion decisions upon the policies of hospitals in Harris County (Houston), Texas. The study attempts to determine the variables associated with the hospitals' policies prior to and following the Roe and Doe decisions and which variables best explain the change (or lack of change) from the first period to the other. The principal data source is a series of in-depth personal interviews with 68 key decision-makers in 36 general hospitals in Harris county. Critical data about the hospitals' economic status were obtained from the American Hospital Association's Hospitals: Guide Issue, 1972. The major findings of the study are as follows: (1) the Roe and Doe decisions did affect hospital policy in that within a year after the High Court's rulings, hospitals evidence a dramatic shift toward more permissive abortion policies; (2) economic variables, while not having much explanatory power for pre-Roe and Doe abortion policies, were important predictors of hospital policy and of the propensity for hospitals to liberalize their abortion standards after the Supreme Court decisions; and (3) the values, attitudes, and attributes of the individual decision-makers had much to do with explaining their respective hospitals' abortion policies before and after the Supreme Court decisions and accounted for changes in abortion policy from the first to the second period. An analysis of the impact of the Supreme Court abortion-related decisions, Roe and Doe, upon the policies of hospitals in Harris County, Texas, was made. The major data source was interviews conducted with 68 decision-makers in 36 general  hospitals in the area. The effects of both economic and decision-making variables on predecision, postdecision policies and the change between the 2 was studied. It was evident that the decision did have an impact;  within a year of the decisions, there had been a statistically significant shift toward more permissive abortion policies in the hospitals studied. The content of both Court decisions is summarized. None of the economic variables was  associated with predecision policies. High staff-bed ratios and low occupancy rates were correlated with a hospital's propensity to liberalize abortion policy following the decisions. Values, attitudes, and attributes of individual  decision-makers correlated with hospital abortion policies both pre- and postdecision.  Religious identification, level of knowledge of the Court decisions, and patient care orientation correlated most strongly with predecision policy. These 3 variables plus opinions of the Court decisions correlated with postdecision policy.  Opinion about the decisions and a positive attitude toward the Court related to the greatest changes in policies. The decision-making variables seem to have greater weight than the economic factors in the change of policy. The 2 sets of  variables are not interrelated and must be studied separately. The study illustrates the influence of the Supreme Court in precipitating social change by removing legal barriers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022805"}
{"pmid": "1022806", "title": "Exploring new ethics for public health: developing a fair alcohol policy.", "content": "Exploring new ethics for public health: developing a fair alcohol policy. Alcoholism policy since the repeal of Prohibition has been largely based on the assumption that alcohol problems are the result of the failure of a small minority to \"control\" their drinking. Thus, in sharp contrast to the approach to other drug policies, the problem of alcohol abuse has been viewed as one of \"bad users\" rather than \"bad substances.\" This regard of alcoholism has helped exonerate the majority of drinkers and the alcohol industry from responsibility. However, mounting epidemiological evidence demonstrates that a primary factor in rates of diseases such as cirrhosis is the per capita use of alcohol and suggests that alcohol problems can be controlled or reduced only if all involved in the manufacture, sale or consumption of alcohol accept the burdens of restrictions over its availability and use. This acceptance will not be forthcoming, however, unless the prevailing market ethic of individual responsibility and minimal collective obligations to protect and preserve life is replaced with a new public health ethic rooted in social justice. This new ethic would assign the highest priority to life and would stress the obligations of all citizens to share the burdens of reasonable restrictions over all health hazards. In this paper a new alcohol policy is outlined based on just and reasonable limits on the availability, marketing and consumption of this substance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022806"}
{"pmid": "1022809", "title": "[Comparative volumetric analysis of the main subdivisions of the brain in saurian reptiles].", "content": "[Comparative volumetric analysis of the main subdivisions of the brain in saurian reptiles]. The volumetric measure of the main subdivisions of the brain has been carried out on 32 species of Lizards and 3 species of Snakes. The analysis of the allometrical relations between the volume (the weight) of these subdivisions and the body weight shows firstly that the evolutionary or/and adaptative processes are only located at the mesencephalic and metencephalic levels. A more elaborate study leads meanwhile to the conclusion that anothers brain structures - pallium, basal areas, dorsal thalamus - are also implicated, according to the possibility to group the various species into taxomic units (such as family) or in another way; thus it has been possible to corroborate with quantitative datas the NORTHCUTT'S definition (1972) of the Type I (Lacertomorpha) and Type II (Dracomorpha) lizards; the Dracomorpha show \"dynamical\" structures - pallium and dorsal thalamus - and remind, in some degree the mammal organization. Each structure in each species can be expressed by the way of a relation index; like the encephalization index, the referrence is given by the 6 Lacertidae of the sample. The analysis of these indices is carried according to the legless condition, tree-dwelling life, vision performance and the various possibilities to group the species (taxonomic units such as family or another else); the comparison of the various indices corroborates the pecularities of the Lacertomorpha on the one hand and of the Dracomorpha on the other hand. The isoponderal percentages are calculated taking into account the allometrical relations and thus are better than the relative volumes commonly used. They lead to results previously expressed by the various relation indices. The comparison between Lizards and Snakes leads to the following conclusions: Snakes are less different among themselves than the Lizards, but the species of modern type (Caenophidia) are more telencephalized; they show a proper brain organization; meanwhile the legless condition is expressed, like in the so-called lizards, by a reduced cerebellar volume.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022809"}
{"pmid": "1022810", "title": "Anatomical and experimental study of certain association fascicles in the cortex of the rabbit (Oryctalagus cuniculus).", "content": "Anatomical and experimental study of certain association fascicles in the cortex of the rabbit (Oryctalagus cuniculus). 1. All lesions resulted in degeneration of the short intracortical association fibers in cortical layer I and of the short subcortical fibers which extended to the corona radiata before ending in the deeper layers of the overlying neopallium. 2. From all the lesions fibers were traced through the corona radiata to the subcallosal or the so-called superior fronto-occipital association bundle. This bundle had projection fibers to the orbitofrontal cortex. 3. From the lesion in the orbitofrontal neopallium, the orbitofrontal-pyriform connections were established. Such fibers coursed on the dorsal edge of the lateral olfactory tract and distributed to the pyriform cortex and to the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract. 4. The uncinate fasciculus of man derived its name from its arching course from the base of the frontal lobe to the temporal lobe. Because of the more caudal position of the amygdala in the rabbit, the comparable fasciculus passed directly caudally and exhibited only slight arching. This fasciculus in the rabbit had the typical dorsal and ventral parts. The dorsal part arose from the orbitofrontal cortex to distribute to the pyriform and the temporal lobe cortices. The ventral portion extended into the olfactory tuberculum and the anterior amygdaloid area. 5. The paraventricular component of the transverse frontal fasciculus interconnected the neopallium with the medial part of the olfactory tuberculum. It had origins in the frontal and possibly in other neocortical areas. 6. The cingulum interconnected the medial portion of the olfactory tubercle, the septum, the various cingulate areas and areas of the neopallium with each other. 7. Therefore, the New Zealand white rabbit had short association fibers which were mainly neopallial in origin and termination and long association fibers which had both a neopallial and a limbic component.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022810"}
{"pmid": "1022811", "title": "Maternal deaths due to haemorrhage.", "content": "Maternal deaths due to haemorrhage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022811"}
{"pmid": "1022812", "title": "Renal injury.", "content": "Renal injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022812"}
{"pmid": "1022813", "title": "Pregnancy following removal of malignant ovarian tumour.", "content": "Pregnancy following removal of malignant ovarian tumour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022813"}
{"pmid": "1022814", "title": "Maternal mortality:.", "content": "Maternal mortality:.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022814"}
{"pmid": "1022815", "title": "Study of lipids, fats and sulphydryl groups in vaginal cells during menstrual cycle and pregnancy.", "content": "Study of lipids, fats and sulphydryl groups in vaginal cells during menstrual cycle and pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022815"}
{"pmid": "1022816", "title": "Neurofibroma of lung.", "content": "Neurofibroma of lung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022816"}
{"pmid": "1022817", "title": "Spinal vascular malformation.", "content": "Spinal vascular malformation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022817"}
{"pmid": "1022818", "title": "Cytohormonal and cytochemical studies in obstetrics.", "content": "Cytohormonal and cytochemical studies in obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022818"}
{"pmid": "1022819", "title": "Some basic concepts about immunoglobulins.", "content": "Some basic concepts about immunoglobulins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022819"}
{"pmid": "1022820", "title": "The qualitative analysis of a difference equation of population growth.", "content": "The qualitative analysis of a difference equation of population growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022820"}
{"pmid": "1022822", "title": "On the differential equations of species in competition.", "content": "On the differential equations of species in competition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022822"}
{"pmid": "1022821", "title": "Regulated growth in random environments.", "content": "Regulated growth in random environments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022821"}
{"pmid": "1022824", "title": "Visual perception of rigidity of solid shape.", "content": "Visual perception of rigidity of solid shape. Organisms react to objective properties of bodies in their visual field instead of to the perpetually changing retinal images of those bodies. We show how such a faculty can be mechanized. The organism synthesizes an internal model of the external object, that is a bundle of expectations of how the visual input will transform in response to the organism's exploratory movements. We deduce the necessary structure of the internal model and we show how the organism can extract this structure from the invariant features of the sensory input transformations. With this internal model it is possible to predict the subsequent aspects (contours) of the visual object as the spatial relations of organism and object change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022824"}
{"pmid": "1022823", "title": "The qualitative dynamics of a class of biochemical control circuits.", "content": "The qualitative dynamics of a class of biochemical control circuits. The dynamical behavior of a class of biochemical control circuits that regulate enzyme or protein synthesis by end-product feedback is analyzed. Both inducible and repressible systems are studied and it is proven that in the former unique steady states are globally asymptotically stable. This precludes periodic solutions in these systems. A similar result holds for repressible systems under certain constraints on kinetic parameters and binding contants. However, when the reaction sequence is sufficiently long, or when a large enough number of effector molecules bind to each repressor molecule, repressible systems can show zero-amplitude (\"soft\") bifurcations: these are predicted by Hopf's bifurcation theorem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022823"}
{"pmid": "1022825", "title": "The effects of multiple reflex pathways on the oscillations in neuro-muscular systems.", "content": "The effects of multiple reflex pathways on the oscillations in neuro-muscular systems. A model of mammalian neuro-muscular systems described previously (Oguztoreli and Stein, 1975) has been extended to include multiple reflex pathways, as have been shown to exist in primates, including man (Milner-Brown et al., 1975). A number of general mathematical properties of the extended system are described. In the final section, using computer solutions, it is shown that the presence of multiple reflex pathways can effectively reduce the tendency for oscillation which will exist if high reflex gain were concentrated in a single pathway. High loop gain is desirable for good control in any negative feedback system, so the presence of multiple reflex pathways could improve reflex control, while limiting the magnitude of tremor or other unwanted oscillations in neuro-muscular systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022825"}
{"pmid": "1022826", "title": "Female dominant age-dependent deterministic population dynamics.", "content": "Female dominant age-dependent deterministic population dynamics. In this paper the study of a nonlinear deterministic model of an age/sex differentiated population is started with a proof of existence and uniqueness of solution of the governing equation. We also obtain time dependent upper bounds to the male and female populations as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for equilibrium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022826"}
{"pmid": "1022827", "title": "Theory of the response of the limulus retina to periodic excitation.", "content": "Theory of the response of the limulus retina to periodic excitation. Analytical and numerical solutions are given for several problems which arise from a mathematical description of inhibitory interactions in the Limulus retina. The theory developed here takes into account the delay in lateral inhibition and the gradual decay of lateral and self-inhibition. Emphasis is laid on the calculation of responses to excitation fields which are periodic in time and either spatially uniform or of traveling wave type. The analytical solutions given are intended to help experimenters determine the range in which certain linearized equations and reduced measures of excitation are useful for the design and interpretation of experiments. Certain of the numerical solutions obtained describe intrinsically non-linear effects, such as \"periodic bursting\" under constant excitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022827"}
{"pmid": "1022829", "title": "Convergence of genetic compositions assuming infinite population-size and overlapping generations.", "content": "Convergence of genetic compositions assuming infinite population-size and overlapping generations. The assumptions for the model treated in this paper are based on a population of hypothetically infinite size, which has reached its optimum density within a limited habitat. The aim has been to derive sufficient conditions for the genetic composition of a population to converge to a limit if generations overlap and time is measured in discrete intervals. Trivially the genetic composition does not change if at the starting point of time the compositions within all age-classes are the same; otherwise global convergence of the age-class distributions implies uniform convergence of the genetic compositions within the single age-classes if mating takes place between at least two age-classes, or within the first age-class only. Excluding age-class 1 mating within one age-class only results in periodical change of genetic compositions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022829"}
{"pmid": "1022828", "title": "The error catastrophe hypothesis and aging.", "content": "The error catastrophe hypothesis and aging. A theory of the propagation of errors in the system of enzymes translating genetic information into proteins developed earlier is extended to include errors at the transcription level. The theory is compared to other statistical theories. The properties are defined of the protein synthesizing machineries, especially those of the erroneous enzymes, which give catastrophe, stable self-replication containing errors, recovery from errors, etc. Experimental data are analyzed in light of the theory to determine the validity of the error catastrophe hypothesis of aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022828"}
{"pmid": "1022830", "title": "On a transcendental equation in the stability analysis of a population growth model.", "content": "On a transcendental equation in the stability analysis of a population growth model. We consider the rate equation n = rn for the density n of a single species population in a constant environment. We assume only that there is a positive constant solution n*, that the rate of increase r depends on the history of n and that r decreases for great n. The stability properties of the solution n* depend on the location of the eigenvalues of the linearized functional differential equation. These eigenvalues are the complex solutions gamma of the equation gamma + alpha integral of 0-1exp[gamma a] ds (a) = 0 with alpha greater than 0 and s increasing, s(-1) = 0, s(0) = 1. We give conditions on alpha and s which ensure that all eigenvalues have negative real part, or that there are eigenvalues with positive real part. In the case of the simplest smooth function s (s = id + 1), we obtain a theorem which describes the distribution of all eigenvalues in the complex plane for every alpha greater than 0.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022830"}
{"pmid": "1022831", "title": "On the stability of the stationary state of a population growth equation with time-lag.", "content": "On the stability of the stationary state of a population growth equation with time-lag. If in the Verhulst equation for population growth the reproduction factor depends on the history then the equilibrium may become unstable and oscillations and even non-constant periodic solutions may occur. It is shown that the equilibrium is unstable if the reproduction factor at time t is, up to a sufficiently large factor, an arbitrary average of the population densities in the interval (t-2, t-1).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022831"}
{"pmid": "1022832", "title": "Analysis of biochemical phase shift oscillators by a harmonic balancing technique.", "content": "Analysis of biochemical phase shift oscillators by a harmonic balancing technique. The use of harmonic balancing techniques for theoretically investigating a large class of biochemical phase shift oscillators is outlined and the accuracy of this approximate technique for large dimension nonlinear chemical systems is considered. It is concluded that for the equations under study these techniques can be successfully employed to both find periodic solutions and to indicate those cases which can not oscillate. The technique is a general one and it is possible to state a step by step procedure for its application. It has a substantial advantage in producing results which are immediately valid for arbitrary dimension. As the accuracy of the method increases with dimension, it complements classical small dimension methods. The results obtained by harmonic balancing analysis are compared with those obtained by studying the local stability properties of the singular points of the differential equation. A general theorem is derived which identifies those special cases where the results of first order harmonic balancing are identical to those of local stability analysis, and a necessary condition for this equivalence is derived. As a concrete example, the n-dimensional Goodwin oscillator is considered where p, the Hill coefficient of the feedback metabolite, is equal to three and four. It is shown that for p = 3 or 4 and n less than or equal to 4 the approximation indicates that it is impossible to construct a set of physically permissible reaction constants such that the system possesses a periodic solution. However for n greater than or equal to 5 it is always possible to find a large domain in the reaction constant space giving stable oscillations. A means of constructing such a parameter set is given. The results obtained here are compared with previously derived results for p = 1 and p = 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022832"}
{"pmid": "1022833", "title": "Competition between phenotypes.", "content": "Competition between phenotypes. We present two models for phenotypic-dependent interspecific competition. In both cases the survivorship of individuals of one population depends on the entire phenotypic distribution of the other species. The first model considers a continuously varying metric trait, with assortative or random mating; the second model examines a character controlled by two alleles at a single locus. Pursuing the notion that each population maximizes its mean fitness we define a vector-optimum strategy using the concepts of cooperative and competitive optima. It is found that the dynamical constraints placed on the equations of motion by Mendelian genetics often prevent a population from evolving to a strategic optimum. However, for the single locus case with complete dominance, the competitive optimum always coincides with some dynamical equilibrium on the Hardy-Weinberg manifold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022833"}
{"pmid": "1022834", "title": "A condition for the extinction of a branching process with an absorbing lower barrier.", "content": "A condition for the extinction of a branching process with an absorbing lower barrier. A branching process with an absorbing lower barrier is considered. This is a Galton-Watson process with the condition that at any generation the number of individuals is greater than a lower barrier or it is equal to zero (i.e. all individuals in populations which are too small die and have no offspring). A necessary and sufficient condition is given for the process to become extinct with probability one. At the end of the paper there are three illustrating examples.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022834"}
{"pmid": "1022835", "title": "Direct products of genetic algebras and Markov chains.", "content": "Direct products of genetic algebras and Markov chains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022835"}
{"pmid": "1022836", "title": "Convergence to the equilibrium state in the Volterra-Lotka diffusion equations.", "content": "Convergence to the equilibrium state in the Volterra-Lotka diffusion equations. We introduce a diffusion term in the Volterra-Lotka model for two interacting species. For certain simple boundary conditions there exists a Lyapunov functional which allows to investigate the asymptotic behavior. Either the solution converges to equilibrium or sustained oscillations occur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022836"}
{"pmid": "1022837", "title": "A delayed-recruitment model of population dynamics, with an application to baleen whale populations.", "content": "A delayed-recruitment model of population dynamics, with an application to baleen whale populations. This paper studies the delay equation chik + 1 = lambda chik + F(chik - beta), which has been employed as a model of baleen whale population dynamics. The two main questions discussed are (a) stability of equilibria, and (b) optimal exploitation policies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022837"}
{"pmid": "1022838", "title": "Solutions to a degenerate system of parabolic equations from marine biology.", "content": "Solutions to a degenerate system of parabolic equations from marine biology. A system of parabolic and ordinary differential equations ut = a2 uxx + F(u,v,w), vt = a2 vxx + G(u,v,w), wx = -k(u) w is studied which has been proposed by Radach and Maier-Reimer for the dynamics of phytoplankton and nutrient in dependence of light intensity. It is shown that there is a unique solution to this system satisfying given initial and boundary conditions. The solution depends continuously on the data. For specific nonlinearities F, G, and k bounds for the solutions are given.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022838"}
{"pmid": "1022839", "title": "Air and water pollution.", "content": "Air and water pollution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022839"}
{"pmid": "1022840", "title": "Toxic chemicals in food.", "content": "Toxic chemicals in food.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022840"}
{"pmid": "1022841", "title": "A novel method for revealing unintended handwriting impressions on underlying layers of paper.", "content": "A novel method for revealing unintended handwriting impressions on underlying layers of paper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022841"}
{"pmid": "1022842", "title": "The aerial use of an infrared camera in a police search for the body of a missing person in New Zealand.", "content": "The aerial use of an infrared camera in a police search for the body of a missing person in New Zealand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022842"}
{"pmid": "1022843", "title": "Bone marrow changes in the post mortem interval.", "content": "Bone marrow changes in the post mortem interval.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022843"}
{"pmid": "1022844", "title": "The particle size analysis of soils and its use in forensic science--the determination of particle size distributions within the silt and sand fractions.", "content": "The particle size analysis of soils and its use in forensic science--the determination of particle size distributions within the silt and sand fractions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022844"}
{"pmid": "1022845", "title": "Fatal fat embolism following severe donkey bites.", "content": "Fatal fat embolism following severe donkey bites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022845"}
{"pmid": "1022846", "title": "The assessment of information content gained from the microscopical comparison of hair samples.", "content": "The assessment of information content gained from the microscopical comparison of hair samples.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022846"}
{"pmid": "1022847", "title": "The fractionation of ABH blood group substances in saliva.", "content": "The fractionation of ABH blood group substances in saliva.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022847"}
{"pmid": "1022848", "title": "The effects of temperature and humidity on the permanency of latent fingerprints.", "content": "The effects of temperature and humidity on the permanency of latent fingerprints.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022848"}
{"pmid": "1022849", "title": "Element profiles of automotive paint chips by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.", "content": "Element profiles of automotive paint chips by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022849"}
{"pmid": "1022851", "title": "Familial macroglossia-omphalocele syndrome.", "content": "Familial macroglossia-omphalocele syndrome. A kindred is reported in which 8 infants were affected with the macroglossia-omphalocele syndrome. Their characteristics varied from an almost complete clinical picture to nodular hyperplasia with cytomegaly of the adrenals as the only manifestation of the disease. Chromosome analysis was normal. This syndrome appears to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, with a high proportion of incomplete clinical forms. The index patient also has signs of the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. The simultaneous occurrence of these two syndromes is probably a fortuitous event.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022851"}
{"pmid": "1022854", "title": "Effects of tetraacetyl-bis-dehydroascorbic acid, a derivative of ascorbic acid, on Ehrlich cells and HeLa cells (human carcinoma cells).", "content": "Effects of tetraacetyl-bis-dehydroascorbic acid, a derivative of ascorbic acid, on Ehrlich cells and HeLa cells (human carcinoma cells). Derivatives of ascorbic acid were synthesized, and the studies were made on their effects in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells, in regard to the inhibition and the prolongation of survival time as well as on the morphological degeneration in HeLa cells. In a model infection study carried out by using tetraacetyl-bis-dehydroascorbic acid in dd mice infected with Ehrlich cells, it was proved that the prolongation of survival time was nearly double in comparison to the control group mice. Also, it was noted that hypertrophy due to abdominal dropsy and body weight were reduced much more than in the control group. From these results, the inhibiting effect of tetraacetyl-bis-dehydroascorbic acid was confirmed. While in the case of DHA and other derivatives, almost no inhibition and prolongation of survival time were observed. As for HeLa cells in a tissue culture, tetraacetyl-bis-DHA, in a dosage of 125-250 mug/ml, demonstrated definitely its morphological degeration. After 125 mug/ml of tetraacetyl-bis-DHA was added to a tissue culture solution of HeLa cells, the cells were washed and recultured. No growth of the cells was observed. Consequently, this substance was confirmed to be anti-HeLa substance with a low toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022854"}
{"pmid": "1022857", "title": "The clergy as a mental health resource: Part I.", "content": "The clergy as a mental health resource: Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022857"}
{"pmid": "1022856", "title": "Nitrogen source primarily supplied by amino acids and the efficacy for maximal growth of rats.", "content": "Nitrogen source primarily supplied by amino acids and the efficacy for maximal growth of rats. The effect of osmotic pressure of diets on be food intake of young rats was investigated by comparing the nutritional effect of casein with the corresponding amino acid mixture at 3.2% nitrogen level. Changes in the osmolarity of diets due to the type of dietary carbohydrate had a little effect on food intake, whereas partial substitution of casein for amino acids resulted in significant increase in food intake. Weight gain and food intake of rats fed the 25% replaced amino acid diet were compared with those of rats fed the casein diet. Food intake was lower at 12.5% replacement than at 25% replacement. These observation suggest that a well-balanced amino acid mixture supported maximal growth of rats when 25% of the amino acid mixture was replace with casein. This suggestion could be experimentally confirmed by using an amino acid mixture based on the amino acid composition of whole-egg protein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022856"}
{"pmid": "1022855", "title": "Proteins of chick duodenal brush borders during developmental changes.", "content": "Proteins of chick duodenal brush borders during developmental changes. Duodenal brush border membrane proteins were studied in chicks at different developmental stages. The protein pattern obtained from polyacrylamide gels with 2-day-old chick preparations was distinctly different from that obtained with 20-day embryos. The most remarkable changes were seen in the region of a protein with an Rf of 0.25, an area with high sucrase and maltase maltase activity, and in the region of a protein with an Rf of 0.28, which was characterized by alkaline phosphatase activity. These proteins reacted strongly with carbohydrate stain after hatching.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022855"}
{"pmid": "1022858", "title": "The clergy as a mental health resource: Part II.", "content": "The clergy as a mental health resource: Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022858"}
{"pmid": "1022859", "title": "Privileged communications: when psychiatrists envy the clergy.", "content": "Privileged communications: when psychiatrists envy the clergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022859"}
{"pmid": "1022861", "title": "Licensing--clerical or secular.", "content": "Licensing--clerical or secular.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022861"}
{"pmid": "1022860", "title": "The pastoral counselor in a community mental health center.", "content": "The pastoral counselor in a community mental health center.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022860"}
{"pmid": "1022863", "title": "By what authority?", "content": "By what authority?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022863"}
{"pmid": "1022862", "title": "State licensing and pastoral identity.", "content": "State licensing and pastoral identity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022862"}
{"pmid": "1022864", "title": "Bringing together psychology and theology: reflections on ministry to the bereaved.", "content": "Bringing together psychology and theology: reflections on ministry to the bereaved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022864"}
{"pmid": "1022866", "title": "Reactivity of nucleosides toward hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution.", "content": "Reactivity of nucleosides toward hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022866"}
{"pmid": "1022865", "title": "A mathematical model of a phantom developed for use in calculations of radiation dose to the body and major internal organs of a Japanese adult.", "content": "A mathematical model of a phantom developed for use in calculations of radiation dose to the body and major internal organs of a Japanese adult.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022865"}
{"pmid": "1022867", "title": "Whole-body retention of 60CoCl2 and 58Co-cyanocobalamin in young and adult rats.", "content": "Whole-body retention of 60CoCl2 and 58Co-cyanocobalamin in young and adult rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022867"}
{"pmid": "1022868", "title": "Radiation effects on cancer mortality among A-bomb survivors, 1950-72: comparison of some statistical models and analysis based on the additive logit model.", "content": "Radiation effects on cancer mortality among A-bomb survivors, 1950-72: comparison of some statistical models and analysis based on the additive logit model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022868"}
{"pmid": "1022869", "title": "Immunoglobulin G complex interactions with rheumatoid factor and neutrophils: 51CrCl3 labelling and 14CO2 hexose monophosphate shunt studies.", "content": "Immunoglobulin G complex interactions with rheumatoid factor and neutrophils: 51CrCl3 labelling and 14CO2 hexose monophosphate shunt studies. The interactions of soluble and insoluble IgG complexes with macromolecular rheumatoid factor (RF) and neutrophils have been examined in an in vitro system allowing the separate assay of the biologic activities of these elements in the rheumatoid inflammatory process. Studies utilizing soluble and insoluble 51CrCl3 labelled human IgG complexes have demonstrated uptake of only the insoluble complexes by human neutrophils. A burst of hexose monophosphate shunt activity, as evidenced by increased oxidation of glucose-l-14C to 14CO2, has been shown to occur only when neutrophils are exposed to these insoluble complexes. High titer RF sera added to the insoluble complexes prior to their incubation with neutrophils did not affect either the uptake of the complexes or the magnitude of hexose monophosphate shunt activity. Native IgG and soluble IgG complexes were not taken up by the neutrophils and did not stimulate hexose monophosphate shunt activity in the presence or absence of rheumatoid sera. The addition of high titer RF sera to soluble IgG complexes produced precipitation of RF-IgG complexes which were capable of stimulating hexose monophosphate shunt activity in normal neutrophils. RF thus has been shown to change functionally inactive soluble complexes into functionally active insoluble complexes capable of stimulating normal neutrophils. Neutrophil stimulation by insoluble complexes may be important in the continuing inflammatory process occurring in the joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022869"}
{"pmid": "1022870", "title": "Penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. Connective tissue changes and alterations in serum copper and phase reactants in relation to clinical improvement.", "content": "Penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis. Connective tissue changes and alterations in serum copper and phase reactants in relation to clinical improvement. Thirteen patients, aged 27 to 70 years, with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis were treated with penicillamine for six months. Skin biopsies and blood samples were compared with a clinical evaluation before and after therapy. The analyses of the skin included determinations of total collagen, thermal reaction of collagen, salt soluble collagen, in vitro uptake of 14C-proline and synthesis of 14C-hydroxyproline, as well as determinations of nucleic acids and proteoglycans. Serum concentrations of acute phase reactants, immunoglobulins, complement C3 and C4, rheumatoid factor, and iron, copper, and zinc were also determined. A positive correlation was found between clinical improvement and a fall in the number of granulocytes, a decrease in the concentration of acute phase reactants and serum copper, and an increase in salt soluble collagen of the skin. The total skin collagen decreased during treatment with penicillamine. The changes in skin collagen may reflect a generalized effect of penicillamine on collagen. These alterations may be part of an anti-inflammatory action of penicillamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022870"}
{"pmid": "1022871", "title": "Antibodies to UV light denatured DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus: detection by filter radioimmunoassay and clinical correlations.", "content": "Antibodies to UV light denatured DNA in systemic lupus erythematosus: detection by filter radioimmunoassay and clinical correlations. Antibodies to ultraviolet light denatured DNA (UV DNA) have been measured in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and normal subjects, using a millipore filter radioimmunoassay. High levels of UV DNA binding were only found in patients with SLE. The presence of UV DNA antibodies correlated well with the presence of native DNA antibodies, although immunodiffusion studies and inhibition techniques showed these antibodies to be immunologically distinct in many cases. Forty-one per cent of the SLE patients had had photosensitivity at some stage of their disease, but there was a poor correlation between this symptom and the presence of UV DNA antibodies. Although UV DNA is known to be a potent immunogen, none of the results from this study suggests that antibodies to UV DNA are more than another example of the broad spectrum of antinuclear antibodies seen in SLE.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022871"}
{"pmid": "1022872", "title": "The effect of hydrocortisone acetate on adult human articular cartilage.", "content": "The effect of hydrocortisone acetate on adult human articular cartilage. Living adult human articular cartilage has been maintained in tissue culture for eight days. Cartilage explants were cultured in one of three concentrations of hydrocortisone acetate or as control explants without this drug. The concentrations of hydrocortisone used were 0.01 microng/ml, 0.1 microng/ml and 1.0 mg/ml. The amount of proteoglycan shed into the medium was measured and no significant difference was found between the explants exposed to hydrocortisone and those that were not. These results suggest that hydrocortisone does not have a catabolic effect on the proteoglycan of articular cartilage. The widely held view that intra-articular corticosteroid injection causes cartilage damage, must remain in doubt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022872"}
{"pmid": "1022873", "title": "Pneumococcal arthritis.", "content": "Pneumococcal arthritis. Twelve patients with pneumococcal arthritis are described. Seven of the 12 patients had underlying diseases which predisposed them to pneumococcal infections; five were alcoholics and two had hypogammaglobulinemia. Five patients had pre-existing joint disease prior to the onset of septic arthritis. Seven patients had co-existent pneumococcal infection, including meningitis and/or endocarditis in five. The other five patients had pneumococcal arthritis without evidence of other foci of pneumococcal infection. With penicillin therapy and drainage of the purulent joint fluid (by needle aspiration in four and surgical drainage in seven), the function of the involved joint returned to normal or to the previous baseline level in all but one patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022873"}
{"pmid": "1022874", "title": "\"Ankylosing spondylitis\" without sacroiliitis in a woman without the HLA B27 antigen.", "content": "\"Ankylosing spondylitis\" without sacroiliitis in a woman without the HLA B27 antigen. An elderly woman with otherwise typical ankylosing spondylitis for 45 years lacked radiologic evidence of sacroiliitis and the HLA B27 antigen. The illness was complicated by renal tuberculosis requiring a left nephrectomy 23 years after the onset of low back pain, and 20 years after an episode of severe iritis. After the eradication of the tuberculosis by surgery and chemotherapy, she has continued to have symptomatic spondylitis. The case seems to be an exception to the rule that sacroiliitis is a sine qua non for ankylosing spondylitis. Women with ankylosing spondylitis tend to have milder disease with an apparently lower frequency of roentgenographic changes in sacroiliac joints.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022874"}
{"pmid": "1022875", "title": "HLA antigens in Europeans and Maoris.", "content": "HLA antigens in Europeans and Maoris.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022875"}
{"pmid": "1022876", "title": "Abrupt onset of Sjögren's syndrome.", "content": "Abrupt onset of Sjögren's syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022876"}
{"pmid": "1022877", "title": "Microsurgery in daily plastic surgery.", "content": "Microsurgery in daily plastic surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022877"}
{"pmid": "1022878", "title": "Evoked response in the posterior cricoarytenoid to stimulation of the ipsilateral vagus.", "content": "Evoked response in the posterior cricoarytenoid to stimulation of the ipsilateral vagus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022878"}
{"pmid": "1022879", "title": "Biologic responses to low level lead exposure.", "content": "Biologic responses to low level lead exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022879"}
{"pmid": "1022880", "title": "Is the \"drug holiday\" harmful?", "content": "Is the \"drug holiday\" harmful?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022880"}
{"pmid": "1022886", "title": "[Comparative evaluation of the methods of treatment of embolism of the main arteries of the arm].", "content": "[Comparative evaluation of the methods of treatment of embolism of the main arteries of the arm]. The paper presents an analysis of the results of treatment of 260 acute embolic occlusions in the arteries of the upper extremities of 256 patients observed in S.I. Spasokukotsky Clinic of Facultative Surgery. In 92.58% of the cases the embolic episode was caused by cardiac pathology. The optimum method of treatment consisted in embolectomy with the aid of the Fogarty catheter from the ulnar fossa that permitted to achieve full restoration of the circulation in 91.59% of the cases. The mortality was approximately the same in all groups of patients. The total mortality comprised 21.1%. The most frequently observed causes of mortality were embolism of the cerebral and mesenteric arteries, as well acute cardiac insufficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022886"}
{"pmid": "1022953", "title": "A trial of long-acting sulphonamide R.O. 4-4393 (fanasil) in treatment of cases of lepromatous leprosy with repeated E.N.L.", "content": "A trial of long-acting sulphonamide R.O. 4-4393 (fanasil) in treatment of cases of lepromatous leprosy with repeated E.N.L. A trial of long-acting Sulphonamide RO.4-4393 (Fanasil) in the treatment of Lepromatous Leprosy patients with repeated E.N.L. is reported in this paper. There were 9 patients treated with Fanasil in this trial for a period of 2 years. The results of the trial have shown that the treatment with Fanasil helps to prevent the occurrence of E.N.L. under treatment with D.D.S. In addition, even after the completion of treatment with Fanasil, these patients seem to be stabilised and are able to tolerate D.D.S. But, the clinical and Bacteriological progress under Fanasil therapy is not satisfactory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022953"}
{"pmid": "1022954", "title": "Study of early nerve lesions in mice infected with M. leprae.", "content": "Study of early nerve lesions in mice infected with M. leprae. The present study is of quantitative histology in immunologically intact mice inoculated with M. leprae. Total twelve sciatic nerves are studied. The fibres are grouped as large, medium and small sized fibres. Initially there is loss of small size fibres. At later stages there is involvement of all sized fibres and ultimately Wallerian type of degeneration sets in. The process of regeneration is more active than that of human leprosy of tuberculoid type. This study adds a new dimension in understanding the pathogenesis of leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022954"}
{"pmid": "1022955", "title": "Values and limitations of surgery in leprosy.", "content": "Values and limitations of surgery in leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022955"}
{"pmid": "1022956", "title": "Modified Zancolli's operation in claw hand in leprosy.", "content": "Modified Zancolli's operation in claw hand in leprosy. The operative technique of the Modified Zancolli's operation in claw hand is easy. Re-education is easier in Zancolli's capsulorrhaphy than any other operations. Results of this operation are encouraging. It is particularly required when quick turnover of cases is needed and when adequate facilities for physiotherapy is not available. In cases operated by Zancolli's capsulorrhaphy active flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint is possible. Complications are few e.g. pulling of capsulorrhaphy and development of flexion contracture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022956"}
{"pmid": "1022958", "title": "Workshop on promotion of leprosy work in India.", "content": "Workshop on promotion of leprosy work in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022958"}
{"pmid": "1022957", "title": "Pilocarpine test in assessment of therapeutic efficacy in maculoanaesthetic leprosy.", "content": "Pilocarpine test in assessment of therapeutic efficacy in maculoanaesthetic leprosy. Pilocarpine test has been used since long to study the functional status of sweat glands. This article deals with its use in the assessment of Maculoanaesthetic patches of leprosy before and after therapy. This being an objective method it eliminates the possible pitfalls in subjective testing of sensations over the affected areas. Therefore, it is recommended that this test should be routinely employed in field work as its technique is simple. The test should be repeated at an interval of six months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022957"}
{"pmid": "1022959", "title": "Congestive heart failure in two patients of lepromatous leprosy.", "content": "Congestive heart failure in two patients of lepromatous leprosy. Two cases of lepromatous leprosy are presented with heart disease, one with cardiomegaly and the other with ischaemic heart disease. It is very difficult to say whether heart disease was due to any other cause associated with leprosy or due to leprous affection of myocardium. As there are no references in the literature regarding these, two cases are presented as problem cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022959"}
{"pmid": "1022960", "title": "A study of mono-neuritic lesions in a leprosy clinic.", "content": "A study of mono-neuritic lesions in a leprosy clinic. An analysis of 11,581 leprosy patients registered at the Acworth Leprosy Hospital clinic showed that 494 cases (4.3%) had primary polyneuritic leprosy and 143 (1.2%) localised cutaneous anaesthetic lesions (or non-visible anaesthetic lesions), accounting for 5.5% who had no evidence of obvious skin lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022960"}
{"pmid": "1022961", "title": "Absorption of 4-4'--Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone (DDS) by incorporation in silicone rubber.", "content": "Absorption of 4-4'--Diaminodiphenyl Sulfone (DDS) by incorporation in silicone rubber.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022961"}
{"pmid": "1022962", "title": "Physiotherapy of combined opponens replacement of thumb and little finger.", "content": "Physiotherapy of combined opponens replacement of thumb and little finger.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022962"}
{"pmid": "1022963", "title": "Classification of leprosy from the clinical point of view.", "content": "Classification of leprosy from the clinical point of view. While, according to some, classification of leprosy is primarily clinical, there should be no objection to the application of the advances made in the last decade in understanding the immunological and histopathological aspects of the disease, provided thereby the clinical classification can be made with more accuracy. Unlike most other diseases, the bulk of the process of attempts at diagnosis and classification of this disease is still in the hands of para-medical personnel in the field, and hence it is important that at the same time, an easily understood, uniformly accepted clinical classification should be recommended for field workers. While tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy of the polar types can be diagnosed with accuracy even under field conditions, confusion generally arises with reference to the diagnosis or indeterminate maculoanaesthetic and borderline forms, and to identify some reacting lesions. Certain terminologies in vogue add further to the confusion. Reacting lesions are confused with active lesions. The importance of recognition of varieties of reacting lesions is stressed since the therapeutic management in such cases is entirely different. It is suggested that the early forms of leprosy characterised by paucity of cardinal features of the disease should be separated from the more established types and grouped under the term indeterminate leprosy. The diagnostic points to be taken into consideration in these lesions are discussed. The importance of investigating thoroughly before classifying patients who report rarely with neuritic symptoms without any evidence of skin lesion is stressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022963"}
{"pmid": "1022964", "title": "Transformation from lepromatous to borderline leprosy under clofazimine therapy.", "content": "Transformation from lepromatous to borderline leprosy under clofazimine therapy. Patients of lepromatous leprosy who have evolved from the borderline type of disease are known to revert to the borderline state through a reactionary phenomenon under anti-leprosy chemotherapy with Dapsone. We present here the case report of a reversal from a reactional lepromatous disease to the borderline type under Clofazimine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022964"}
{"pmid": "1022965", "title": "Rehabilitation of leprosy patients in a comprehensive control programme in Gudiyatham Taluk of Tamil Nadu.", "content": "Rehabilitation of leprosy patients in a comprehensive control programme in Gudiyatham Taluk of Tamil Nadu.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022965"}
{"pmid": "1022966", "title": "National leprosy control programme of the Government of India (report for the period ending December, 1974).", "content": "National leprosy control programme of the Government of India (report for the period ending December, 1974).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022966"}
{"pmid": "1022967", "title": "Length of continued treatment of an inactive case of leprosy.", "content": "Length of continued treatment of an inactive case of leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022967"}
{"pmid": "1022968", "title": "Leprosy in Lakshadweep Islands.", "content": "Leprosy in Lakshadweep Islands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022968"}
{"pmid": "1022969", "title": "A spiral splint for claw fingers.", "content": "A spiral splint for claw fingers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022969"}
{"pmid": "1022970", "title": "Leprosy and health education.", "content": "Leprosy and health education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022970"}
{"pmid": "1022971", "title": "Should leprosy be a ground for divorce?", "content": "Should leprosy be a ground for divorce?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022971"}
{"pmid": "1022972", "title": "Reactive episodes in borderline lepromatous leprosy--a case report.", "content": "Reactive episodes in borderline lepromatous leprosy--a case report. A thirtyseven years old Hindu male of borderline lepromatous leprosy with reactions in the form of silvery white scales all over the body with scarring at places and greasy crusted lesion on the cheek further developed pustular reaction, after giving dapsone for a week, is reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022972"}
{"pmid": "1022973", "title": "Heel ulcers in leprosy patients.", "content": "Heel ulcers in leprosy patients. The incidence, causes, clinical presentation and management of ulcers of heel in the insensitive feet of leprosy patients are described. It is pointed out that heel ulcers usually arise as the result of injury and infection and are eminently preventable. Various surgical and non-surgical measures needed for preventing recurrence of the ulcer are also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022973"}
{"pmid": "1022974", "title": "Surgical decompression of the ulnar nerve in leprous neuritis.", "content": "Surgical decompression of the ulnar nerve in leprous neuritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022974"}
{"pmid": "1022975", "title": "Some epidemiological features of leprosy in a rural area in Hooghly district.", "content": "Some epidemiological features of leprosy in a rural area in Hooghly district.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022975"}
{"pmid": "1022976", "title": "Epidemiological and clinical pattern of leprosy in Goa.", "content": "Epidemiological and clinical pattern of leprosy in Goa. A review of 1,053 patients of leprosy revealed its prevalence in the hospital population as 2.4 per thousand. The commonly affected age group was 20-39 in both sexes; males predominating females in 1.8 : 1. The sequence of frequency of clinical types of leprosy was tuberculoid, borderline, neuritic and lepromatous. Mostly the patients report in the course of 2 years of awareness of the disease. The clinical features were classical and type specific.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022976"}
{"pmid": "1022977", "title": "Biochemical aspects of reactional states in leprosy.", "content": "Biochemical aspects of reactional states in leprosy. Sequential biochemical investigations conducted in cases of lepromatous leprosy in the reactive as well as subsided phases indicated elevated serum levels of mucoproteins and sialic acids and skin levels of hydroxy-proline and hexosamine in the reactive phase of lepromatous leprosy. Elevation of the urinary excretion of hydroxy-proline and certain other amino acids was also noticed during 'lepra reaction'. Enhancement of serum levels of Aldolase, CPK, LDH and transaminases was observed in the reactive phase of lepromatous leprosy. These findings taken as a whole suggest a generalised tissue breakdown in lepra reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022977"}
{"pmid": "1022978", "title": "Some interesting disease combinations--report on two cases.", "content": "Some interesting disease combinations--report on two cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022978"}
{"pmid": "1022981", "title": "Finding families in a six state area.", "content": "Finding families in a six state area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022981"}
{"pmid": "1022982", "title": "Cutting costs and raising production with a medical secretaries incentive plan.", "content": "Cutting costs and raising production with a medical secretaries incentive plan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022982"}
{"pmid": "1022983", "title": "A new approach to clinical experience. A faculty's perception.", "content": "A new approach to clinical experience. A faculty's perception.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022983"}
{"pmid": "1022984", "title": "An external degree program. A continuing education opportunity.", "content": "An external degree program. A continuing education opportunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022984"}
{"pmid": "1022985", "title": "Proposed national health insurance legislation.", "content": "Proposed national health insurance legislation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022985"}
{"pmid": "1022986", "title": "Lexicons and linguistics.", "content": "Lexicons and linguistics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022986"}
{"pmid": "1022987", "title": "What is OD?", "content": "What is OD?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022987"}
{"pmid": "1022988", "title": "How health statistics are misused.", "content": "How health statistics are misused.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022988"}
{"pmid": "1022989", "title": "Online retrieval system at U of I tumor registry.", "content": "Online retrieval system at U of I tumor registry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022989"}
{"pmid": "1022990", "title": "Patient identification numbers and automated medical records.", "content": "Patient identification numbers and automated medical records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022990"}
{"pmid": "1022991", "title": "Incentive pay for medical transcriptionists.", "content": "Incentive pay for medical transcriptionists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022991"}
{"pmid": "1022992", "title": "Medical record technician program at Boise State University.", "content": "Medical record technician program at Boise State University.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022992"}
{"pmid": "1022993", "title": "A contemporary medical record administration program in a university setting.", "content": "A contemporary medical record administration program in a university setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022993"}
{"pmid": "1022994", "title": "Work simplification. Does it work simply?", "content": "Work simplification. Does it work simply?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022994"}
{"pmid": "1022995", "title": "A report on LATCH (Literature Attached to Charts).", "content": "A report on LATCH (Literature Attached to Charts).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022995"}
{"pmid": "1022996", "title": "Guidelines for initiating nursing audit.", "content": "Guidelines for initiating nursing audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022996"}
{"pmid": "1022997", "title": "AMRA project emphasizes a meeting of the minds on nursing home records.", "content": "AMRA project emphasizes a meeting of the minds on nursing home records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022997"}
{"pmid": "1022998", "title": "Patient ID system used to control charges.", "content": "Patient ID system used to control charges.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022998"}
{"pmid": "1022999", "title": "Educational and professional mobility, change, and the medical record practitioner.", "content": "Educational and professional mobility, change, and the medical record practitioner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1022999"}
{"pmid": "1023001", "title": "The medical record practitioner as an MR educator.", "content": "The medical record practitioner as an MR educator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023001"}
{"pmid": "1023000", "title": "The medical record practitioner as an MR educator.", "content": "The medical record practitioner as an MR educator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023000"}
{"pmid": "1023002", "title": "New retrieval system for Harris Hospital.", "content": "New retrieval system for Harris Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023002"}
{"pmid": "1023003", "title": "A guide to the new federal rules governing the confidentiality of alcohol and drug abuse patient records.", "content": "A guide to the new federal rules governing the confidentiality of alcohol and drug abuse patient records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023003"}
{"pmid": "1023004", "title": "What is H.R. 1984?", "content": "What is H.R. 1984?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023004"}
{"pmid": "1023005", "title": "Have we conquered the communicable diseases?", "content": "Have we conquered the communicable diseases?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023005"}
{"pmid": "1023006", "title": "Some characteristics and services of Chinese medical practitioners in Malaysia.", "content": "Some characteristics and services of Chinese medical practitioners in Malaysia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023006"}
{"pmid": "1023007", "title": "The improvement of immunization coverage by early immunisation of children in Malaysia.", "content": "The improvement of immunization coverage by early immunisation of children in Malaysia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023007"}
{"pmid": "1023008", "title": "Study of one hundred cases of typhoid fever in University Hospital Kuala Lumpur (October 1967 to July 1972).", "content": "Study of one hundred cases of typhoid fever in University Hospital Kuala Lumpur (October 1967 to July 1972).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023008"}
{"pmid": "1023009", "title": "Vasectomy.", "content": "Vasectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023009"}
{"pmid": "1023010", "title": "Occurrence of opium alkaloids in commercial herbal stomach remedy preparation.", "content": "Occurrence of opium alkaloids in commercial herbal stomach remedy preparation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023010"}
{"pmid": "1023011", "title": "Incidence of otosclerosis in the three ethnic groups in Malaysia.", "content": "Incidence of otosclerosis in the three ethnic groups in Malaysia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023011"}
{"pmid": "1023012", "title": "Face presentation.", "content": "Face presentation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023012"}
{"pmid": "1023013", "title": "Some aspects of prevention of coronary artery disease.", "content": "Some aspects of prevention of coronary artery disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023013"}
{"pmid": "1023014", "title": "Tapeworm infection in Perlis.", "content": "Tapeworm infection in Perlis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023014"}
{"pmid": "1023015", "title": "The testicular feminisation syndrome.", "content": "The testicular feminisation syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023015"}
{"pmid": "1023016", "title": "Choroid plexus papilloma five years after shunting for hydrocephalus.", "content": "Choroid plexus papilloma five years after shunting for hydrocephalus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023016"}
{"pmid": "1023017", "title": "The pterygium and mitomycin-C therapy.", "content": "The pterygium and mitomycin-C therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023017"}
{"pmid": "1023019", "title": "Case report of renal tubular acidosis presenting with periodic paralysis.", "content": "Case report of renal tubular acidosis presenting with periodic paralysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023019"}
{"pmid": "1023018", "title": "Carotid body tumour -- a case report.", "content": "Carotid body tumour -- a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023018"}
{"pmid": "1023020", "title": "Resistance of insect vectors of diseases to insecticides in Malaysia and other South East Asian countries.", "content": "Resistance of insect vectors of diseases to insecticides in Malaysia and other South East Asian countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023020"}
{"pmid": "1023022", "title": "Presence and identification of fibres in the atmosphere of Milan.", "content": "Presence and identification of fibres in the atmosphere of Milan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023022"}
{"pmid": "1023042", "title": "Transient cycloheximide resistance in a tobacco cell line.", "content": "Transient cycloheximide resistance in a tobacco cell line. Cylcoheximide-resistant cell lines have been recovered from tissue cultures of haploid Nicotiana tabacum at the usual mutant frequency (10(-6)). One such line, CR 4/6 was studied in detail. Resistance is based on the potential of the callus to inactive cycloheximide. The transient nature of the resistance and its association with differentiated cells indicate that the new phenotype is not due to a mutation, but rather to an alteration in gene expression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023042"}
{"pmid": "1023044", "title": "Isolation of a hybrid between rat ribosomal RNA and DNA.", "content": "Isolation of a hybrid between rat ribosomal RNA and DNA. A procedure for the isolation and purification of a specific hybrid between rat 28S and 18S ribosomal RNA's and nucleolar DNA is described. The method employed includes the following steps: 1) isolation of the nucleolar DNA, 2) hybridization of [14C]rRNA with the nucleolar DNA, and 3) isolation and purification of the rRNA-DNA hybrid complex by chromatography on hydroxylapatite and centrifugation in a CsCl density gradient. In the isolated hybrid complex the RNA:DNA ratio is close to 1:1, and the degree of enrichment of the DNA by the rRNA cistrons is about 1500 times. The hybrid obtained has a sedimentation constant on the order of 20S, is resistant to the action of pancreatic RNase and RNase T1 and sheep brain DNase, and is characterized by high thermostability. Acording to the physicochemical tests used, the rRNA-DNA hybrid complex is a double-stranded poly-nucleotide with an ordered secondary structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023044"}
{"pmid": "1023043", "title": "Probabilities of transversions and transitions.", "content": "Probabilities of transversions and transitions. The values of the mean relative probabilities of transversions and transitions have been refined on the basis of the data collected by Jukes and found to be equal to 0.34 and 0.66, respectively. Evolutionary factors increase the probability of transversions to 0.44. The relative probabilities of individual substitutions have been determined, and a detailed classification of the nonsense mutations has been given. Such mutations are especially probable in the UGG (Trp) codon. The highest probability of AG, GA transitions correlates with the lowest mean change in the hydrophobic nature of the amino acids coded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023043"}
{"pmid": "1023045", "title": "Influence of base sequence on the stability of the double helix of DNA.", "content": "Influence of base sequence on the stability of the double helix of DNA. On the basis of published measurements of the melting transitions of synthetic polydeoxyribonucleotides with known sequences we have determined the parameters of the interplane (stacking) interactions of base pairs in DNA over the range of ionic strengths from 0.01 to 0.1 M Na+. We found that deviations of the stacking-interaction energy from the mean value of 7-8 kcal/mole were extremely small and did not exceed 0.2 kcal/mole. We report an analysis of the influence of the heterogeneity of the stacking interactions on the melting parameters of polynucleotides with random sequences (models of natural DNA's). Inclusion of this effect does not significantly distort the linear dependence of the melting temperature on the relative content of G-C pairs and insignificantly affects the width of the helix-coil transition in DNA under normal conditions. However it is the heterogeneity of the stacking interactions that plays the crucial role in the melting of DNA under conditions where the difference between the relative stabilities of the A-T and G-C pairs tends to zero, as in concentrated solutions of tetraethylammonium and tetramethylammonium salts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023045"}
{"pmid": "1023055", "title": "A study of risk factors in nonembolic cerebrovascular disease.", "content": "A study of risk factors in nonembolic cerebrovascular disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023055"}
{"pmid": "1023056", "title": "Relationship of cognitive functions of epileptics with clinical variables.", "content": "Relationship of cognitive functions of epileptics with clinical variables.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023056"}
{"pmid": "1023046", "title": "Electron-microscopic study of the serological affinity between the antigenic components of phages T4 and DDVI.", "content": "Electron-microscopic study of the serological affinity between the antigenic components of phages T4 and DDVI. In an investigation of the antigenic fine structure of phages T4 and DDVI with the use of the neutralization reaction and electron-microscopic observation of the phage-antibody complexes, it has been possible to establish that the head of phage T4 consists of proteins which have antigenic determinants of two types: The first type is identical to the antigens of the head of phage DDVI, and the second type is apparently absent in phage DDVI. The phage DDVI head contains mostly determinants which are common to the phage T4 head, since it was not possible to detect antigenically specific components in the phage DDVI head. The tail sheaths of phage T4 and DDVI appear to be identical in the antigenic respect. A difference has been observed in the fibers and the base plates of the phages investigated. The presence of the following three types of antigens has been established: 1) common to phages T2, T4, and DDVI, 2) common to phages T4 and DDVI, and 3) specific for each phage investigated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023046"}
{"pmid": "1023057", "title": "Epilepsy and solar activity--an hypothesis.", "content": "Epilepsy and solar activity--an hypothesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023057"}
{"pmid": "1023047", "title": "Reliability of elements and systems in enzymology.", "content": "Reliability of elements and systems in enzymology. The applications of the elements of reliability to the description of the stability and aging processes of enzymes and polyenzyme systems have been considered. The inactivation of individual enzymes or polyenzyme systems whose activity varies on the molecular level according to the \"all-or-nothing\" principle is described by an exponential reliability law. Systems of enzymes which are inactivated according to an exponential law have been considered. It has been shown that in the case of enzymes functioning in parallel, the value of the mean time of continuous operation is determined by the most stable enzyme, while in the case of sequentially functioning enzymes, this value is determined by the most labile. Systems whose aging process is related to the accumulation of \"latent errors\" and whose inactivation is characterized by gradual breakdowns are described by a normal reliability law. Systems with a combination of exponential and normal reliability laws have been considered. The use of a series of rigid quantitative criteria, such as the mean time for continuous functioning has been proposed for characterizing the stability of enzymes and polyenzyme systems. The theoretical points have been illustrated by experimental data on the stability of enzymes with hydrogenase activities, isolated chloroplasts, and cells of microscopic blue-green algae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023047"}
{"pmid": "1023058", "title": "Recurrent Bell's palsy.", "content": "Recurrent Bell's palsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023058"}
{"pmid": "1023059", "title": "Cerebral AV malformation and aneurysm with polycystic kidney.", "content": "Cerebral AV malformation and aneurysm with polycystic kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023059"}
{"pmid": "1023060", "title": "Transorbital gunshot wound causing contralateral trigeminal injury--an unusual case.", "content": "Transorbital gunshot wound causing contralateral trigeminal injury--an unusual case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023060"}
{"pmid": "1023061", "title": "Intramedullary cord tuberculoma resembling glioma.", "content": "Intramedullary cord tuberculoma resembling glioma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023061"}
{"pmid": "1023049", "title": "DNA replication and head assembly in bacteriophage T4.", "content": "DNA replication and head assembly in bacteriophage T4. Phage DNA was accumulated in cells of E. coli B, infected with the phage T4DtsLB3 (gene 42), without the synthesis of late proteins (in the presence of chloramphenicol). Then (stage II), chloramphenicol was removed and further replication of the phage DNA suppressed with hydroxyurea and by simultaneously raising the temperature to 40 degrees. The media M9 or M9 with 1% amino acid were used; the times of addition of chloramphenicol and the hydroxyurea concentration were also varied. It was also shown that in medium M9, at stage II, chiefly early proteins were synthesized. In the medium containing amino acids, at stage II the following was observed: 1) DNA synthesis was entirely suppressed and a degradation of DNA occurred; 2) both early and late proteins were synthesized, with a predominance of the latter; 3) an assembly of the elements of the phage tails and capsids occurred without the neck and flagellum, and a small number of phage particles were also found; 4) the capsids, isolated in a sucrose density gradient after lysis with chloroform, contained the proteins Palt, P20, P23, P24, several unidentified proteins, and did not contain Pwac, P23, and P22, 5) the yield of viable phage varied from 0.05 to 15% per cell. Thus, the entire morphogenesis of T4 phage can occur without accompanying replication of phage DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023049"}
{"pmid": "1023048", "title": "Influence of antibodies against DNA on the renaturation of DNA.", "content": "Influence of antibodies against DNA on the renaturation of DNA. The treatment of denatured T4 phage DNA with antiserum for the DNA of this phage, containing antibodies against glucosylated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, decreases the ability of DNA for renaturation. The greatest inhibiting activity is possessed by antiserum for T4 phage DNA irradiated with UV light, which contains antibodies not only against glucosylated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, but also against the usual nitrogen bases. Antiserum against E. coli DNA, containing antibodies to the usual nitrogen bases, in equal dilutions with the antisera indicated above, shows less inhibitory activity on the renaturation of T4 phage DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023048"}
{"pmid": "1023051", "title": "Stereochemical analysis of the secondary structure of polypeptide chains with the aid of Courtauld three-dimensional models. II. Hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds.", "content": "Stereochemical analysis of the secondary structure of polypeptide chains with the aid of Courtauld three-dimensional models. II. Hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. Sterically permissible hydrogen bonds between side chains and the backbone, which fix a small number of angles of internal rotation have been identified. The hydrogen bonds on the ends and within the secondary structures, as well as the most important bonds in the alpha helix and in irregular structures, have been considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023051"}
{"pmid": "1023050", "title": "Structure of animal mitochondrial DNA: nucleotide composition, pyrimidine clusters, and methylation character.", "content": "Structure of animal mitochondrial DNA: nucleotide composition, pyrimidine clusters, and methylation character. The nucleotide composition, relative concentration of pyrimidine clusters, and the degree of methylation of the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA's of various vertebrates and the protozoan Crithidia oncopelti have been studied. With respect to the relative concentration of GC pairs, the mtDNA of animals (bull, rat) does not differ from the corresponding nDNA. The relative concentration of GC pairs in the mtDNA of certain fish and birds is 1.5-2.5 mole% higher than in the respective nDNA. The kinetoplast DNA of the protozoan C. oncopelti (where the relative concentration of the GC pairs is 42.9 mole %) differs very sharply in composition from the nDNA (where the relative concentration of GC pairs is 51.3 mole %). The mtDNA's and kDNA's studied are distinguished from the respective nDNA'S by a lower degree of clustering of pyrimidine nucleotides. The proportion of mono- and dipyrimidine fragments in the mtDNA and kDNA is 30 mole %, while in the nDNA it does not exceed 23 mole %. The relative concentration of long pyrimidine clusters (hexapyrimidine clusters of larger) in the mtDNA is smaller than in the nDNA by a factor of 2-5. The low degree of clustering of the pyrimidine nucleotides is apparently characteristic of all the known mtDNA's and may support the fact that they have a single type of organization and are of a single origin. All the vertebrate mtDNA's studied contain 5-methylcytosine as a minor base (1.5-3.15 mole %), and their level of methylation is 1.5-2 times greater than that in the respective nDNA's. It has been shown that animals display species specificity with respect to the 5-methylcytosine content in the mtDNA. Its distribution among the pyrimidine clusters in the bovine heart mtDNA differs substantially from that in the nDNA. This suggests that the methylation specificities of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are different. A DNA methylase, which effects the in vitro methylation of cytosine residues both in the homologous mtDNA and in different heterologous DNA's, has been found in rat liver and bovine heart mitochondria. The specificity of the in vitro methylation of the cytosine residues in the same heterologous Escherichia coli B DNA by the nuclear and mitochondrial enzymes is different: The mitochondrial enzyme methylates predominantly in monopyrimidine fragments, and the nuclear enzyme methylates mostly in di- and tripyrimidine fragments. They, therefore, recognize different nucleotide sequences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023050"}
{"pmid": "1023052", "title": "Study of the relationship between the subfraction composition of histone F1 and the type of tissue in birds.", "content": "Study of the relationship between the subfraction composition of histone F1 and the type of tissue in birds. The subfraction composition of lysine-rich histone has been studied with the aid of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The subfraction compositions of the histone F1 of several tissues from the chicken, pigeon, and titmouse have been compared. The histone F1 from the tissues investigated consists of four or five subfractions of similar number and electrophoretic mobility (1, 1a, 2, 3, and 4). In the different avian species each subfraction varied its mobility independently of the others. The chicken tissues investigated can be divided into two classes, depending on the relative concentration of subfractions 2 and 3 (A and B): Class A (subfraction 2 is smaller than 3) includes the brain, liver, skeletal muscle, heart, muscular layer of the stomach, and pancreas, and class B (subfraction 2 is larger than 3) includes the intestinal mucosa, thymus, and testes, as well as the liver, heart, and pancreas from a 21-day embryo. Such a division of the tissues corresponds to the varying rate of their cellular renewal. In a parallel examination of the relative concentrations of the individual subfractions in the same tissues from the three avian species it has been found that the relative concentration of subfractions 3 and 2 is increased in the skeletal muscles, heart, brain, and liver, that subfraction 2 is increased in the intestinal mucosa, that subfractions 4 and 3 are increased in the pancreas, and that subfractions 1, 1a, and 4 are increased in the erythrocytes. The results obtained may be interpreted as a consequence of some relationship between the subfraction composition of histone F1 and the type of tissue of the source.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023052"}
{"pmid": "1023053", "title": "Structure of nuclear pre-mRNA. VIII. Isolation and characterization of complementary sequences.", "content": "Structure of nuclear pre-mRNA. VIII. Isolation and characterization of complementary sequences. After the annealing of pre-mRNA at high Cot values, up to 20% of the material becomes resistant to the action of ribonuclease. This has been attributed to the presence of self-complementary sequences (scRNA) in the pre-mRNA. The most important properties of scRNA, which was isolated in preparative amounts, have been studied. The approximate dimensions of the complementary segments are 45-50 nucleotides. Hybridization experiments have shown that scRNA is transcribed from repeated segments of the genome. It may be postulated that the rapidly hybridizing pre-mRNA fraction consists mainly of self-complementary sequences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023053"}
{"pmid": "1023054", "title": "Differences in AT- and GC-base pair ratios in DNA of the paracentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 1 in two human cell types. I. Autoradiographic analysis of the incorporation of 3H-labeled thymidine and 3H-labeled deoxycytidine.", "content": "Differences in AT- and GC-base pair ratios in DNA of the paracentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 1 in two human cell types. I. Autoradiographic analysis of the incorporation of 3H-labeled thymidine and 3H-labeled deoxycytidine. The distribution of AT- and GC-base pairs in DNA along chromosomes 1 and 2 has been studied in primary cultures of human embryo fibroblasts and peripheral blood leukocytes by an autoradiographic method using 3H-labeled thymidine and 3H-labeled deoxycytidine. The two cell types differed in their relative contents of DNA and in the ratio of AT and GC pairs at the centromere and the adjacent region of heterochromatin in chromosome 1. The DNA content of this section was higher in fibroblasts than in leukocytes, mainly because of AT pairs. In both cell types, the telomere in the short arm of this chromosome had a higher content of GC pairs than AT pairs. No differences were observed in base pair distribution along chromosome 2 in the two types. This phenomenon may be due to incomplete replication, or to loss by some means of part of the genetic material during the development and differentiation of the cellular systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023054"}
{"pmid": "1023079", "title": "[Electrophoretic study of water-soluble retinal proteins of chickens at early stages of embryogenesis].", "content": "[Electrophoretic study of water-soluble retinal proteins of chickens at early stages of embryogenesis]. The water-soluble proteins of chick retina were studied during the formation of eye cup and at the early stages of histological differentiation of retina by the micro-method of electrophoresis in 20% polyacrilamide gel. The retina of embryos at the stages under study contains a range of proteins forming over 20 fractions in electrophoresis. The most fractions are formed by the proteins which electrophoretic mobilities exceed that of serum albumin. The early stages of retina development are characterized by the definite changes in its protein composition. These changes manifest themselves in the disappearance of the most anodic fractions beginning from the stage of contact between the optic vesicle and presumptive lens ectoderm. During the subsequent development, these proteins are detected again in the retina, the corresponding anodic fractions being most distinct at the stage of completed eye cup. Their content in the retina decreases repeatedly with the beginning of histogenesis up to their complete disappearance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023079"}
{"pmid": "1023089", "title": "Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration).", "content": "Wilson's disease (hepatolenticular degeneration). Wilson's disease, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is a rare inherited disorder of copper metabolism which usually affects young people. Excess copper accumulates in the tissues, primarily in the liver, brain, and cornea. This copper deposition results in a wide range of hepatic and neurological symptoms, and may produce psychiatric illness. Hepatic involvement often occurs in childhood, while neurological deficits generally are detected at a later age. The disease is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. Ocular findings are of particular importance because the corneal copper deposition, forming the Kayser-Fleischer ring,is the only pathognomonic sign of the disease. The structure of the ring and the presence of copper have been well established. An anterior capsular deposition of copper in the lens results in a characteristic sunflower cataract in some of these patients. Other ocular abnormalities have been described but are much less common. The pathogenesis of the disease and the basic genetic defect remain obscure. It is clear that there is excess copper in the tissues, but the mechanism of its deposition is unknown. It is in some way associated with a failure to synthesize the serum copper protein ceruloplasmin normally. Another theory suggests that an abnormal protein with a high affinity for copper may bind the metal in the tissues. The diagnosis may be suggested by the clinical manifestations and confirmed by the presence of a Kayser-Fleischer ring. In the absence of these findings biochemical determinations are necessary. The most important of these are the serum ceruloplasmin, the urinary copper, and the hepatic copper concentration on biopsy. Treatment consists in the administration of the copper chelating agent, penicillamine, and the avoidance of a high copper intake. This usually results in marked clinical improvement if irreversible tissue damage has not occurred. Maintenance therapy for life is necessary in order to continue the negative copper balance. The detection and prophylactic treatment of asymptomatic individuals with the disease is especially important. Seven cases of Wilson's disease have been presented in order to illustrate many of the features which have been discussed, with emphasis on the ocular findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023089"}
{"pmid": "1023090", "title": "Diagnosis of lacrimal drainage malfunction (with emphasis on the technetium 99m scan).", "content": "Diagnosis of lacrimal drainage malfunction (with emphasis on the technetium 99m scan).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023090"}
{"pmid": "1023092", "title": "Experimental intraspinal trypanosoma equiperdum infection in a horse.", "content": "Experimental intraspinal trypanosoma equiperdum infection in a horse. To establish the ability of Trypanosoma equiperdum to cross the blood-brain-barrier in the horse, a susceptible stallion was infected via the cerebrospinal fluid of the subarachnoid space by lumbosacral puncture. Cerebrospinal fluid with low detectable levels of trypanosomes removed from a dourine-infected mare by lumbosacral puncture was used for infecting the animal. The parasite was detected in blood smears of the recipient 13 days after infection and the subsequent parasitaemia and clinical course of the disease followed that of naturally infected horses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023092"}
{"pmid": "1023091", "title": "A gel electrophoretic study of the protein and nucleic acid components of African horsesickness virus.", "content": "A gel electrophoretic study of the protein and nucleic acid components of African horsesickness virus. The physico-chemical structure of African horsesickness virus (AHSV) is compared with that of some of the other members of the Reoviridae, and in particular with that of bluetongue virus (BTV), the type strain of the orbivirus genus. This study adduces evidence of a great similarity between the gel electrophoretic patterns of the polypeptides of AHSV and BTV. The molecular mass values of the 7 AHSV polypeptides range between 0,30 x 10(5) and 1,46 x 10(5) dalton, a variation similar to that of BTV. The close relation between AHSV and BTV is further affirmed by the gel electrophoretic resolution of the AHSV double-stranded RNA genome into 10 segments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023091"}
{"pmid": "1023132", "title": "Acid-labile amino acid precursors in the Murchison meteorite. 1: Chromatographic fractionation.", "content": "Acid-labile amino acid precursors in the Murchison meteorite. 1: Chromatographic fractionation. The amino acid content of a hot water extract of the Murchison meteorite can be increased by over 100 per cent by subjecting the extract to acid hydrolysis. The acid-labile compounds in the extract that account for this increase were fractionated by column chromatography on a cation exchange resin. Seventy mole per cent behaved as neutral or acidic compounds and were eluted from the column with an initial water wash. The remaining 30 mole per cent (basic precursors) were retained on the column and were eluted with the free amino acids by aqueous NH4OH. The acid-labile amino acid precursors in the water eluate could be retained and further fractionated on an anion exchange column, indicating that they are acidic compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023132"}
{"pmid": "1023133", "title": "Acid-labile amino acid precursors in the Murchison meteorite. II: A search for peptides and amino acyl amides.", "content": "Acid-labile amino acid precursors in the Murchison meteorite. II: A search for peptides and amino acyl amides. The basic fraction of the acid-labile amino acid precursors found in hot water extracts of the Murchison meteorite was treated with ninhydrin under conditions that give destruction of free amino acids but allow nearly complete recovery to peptides and amino acylamides. After this treatment and a subsequent acid hydrolysis, the amount of amino acids found corresponded to less than 30 per cent of the precursor content of the basic fraction. Since only 30 percent of the total extract precursors are found in the basic fraction, these results indicate that such compounds, if present, account for no more than 9 mole per cent of the total acid-labile amino acid precursors of the meteorite hot water extract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023133"}
{"pmid": "1023134", "title": "Chemical evolution: effect of high energy radiation.", "content": "Chemical evolution: effect of high energy radiation. Quantitative estimation - based on extrapolated data of radioactivity and reasonable assumptions about the radiolytic effect of beta-particles on amino acids- shows that an assymmetry greater than the statistical fluctuation in the number of L-, and D-amino acid molecules could have been produced by beta-decay during chemical evolution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023134"}
{"pmid": "1023136", "title": "Clays as possible catalysts for peptide formation in the prebiotic era.", "content": "Clays as possible catalysts for peptide formation in the prebiotic era. From the point of view of prebiotic synthesis, clays might have performed functions of concentration, catalysis, and protection of molecules. The degree of polymerization obtained when amino acid adenylates are added to montmorillonite suspensions in water, are much iigher than those obtained by polymerization in the absence of such a clay. In addition, they are of a discrete spectrum, usually multiplies of 6 or 7, and reach values of up to 40 mers. In the absence of clay a continuous spectrum of degrees of polymerization is obtained, and usually up to 4-6 mers only. Copolymerization in the absence of clays yields mostly random copolymers in their presence mostly block copolymers are obtained. Optical density measurements show that after adsorption has taken place on the clay, stacking of its layers occurs. Polymerization starts only after these stacked layers have been formed. The distance between the layers - as measured by X-rays - increase during polymerization, probably because the resulting polymers settle in their interspace, while the adsorption site of the active monomers is at the edges of the clay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023136"}
{"pmid": "1023135", "title": "Volcanic processes and synthesis of simple organic compounds on primitive earth.", "content": "Volcanic processes and synthesis of simple organic compounds on primitive earth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023135"}
{"pmid": "1023137", "title": "Polarized bremsstrahlung not the source of optical activity.", "content": "Polarized bremsstrahlung not the source of optical activity. An evaluation is made of the previously proposed scheme (polarized beta-particles leads to circularly polarized bremsstrahlung leads to optically active molecules) by which dissymmetry at the elementary particle level may be transmitted to the molecular level. The calculations suggest that much too small a fraction of the total energy of the electron appears as light, capable of causing photochemical resolution, to explain results obtained in the laboratory on the preferential radiation-induced decomposition one enantiomer of chiral amino acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023137"}
{"pmid": "1023138", "title": "A speculation on the origin of protein synthesis.", "content": "A speculation on the origin of protein synthesis. It is suggested that protein sythesis may have begun without even a primitive ribosome if the primitive tRNA could take up two configuration and could bind to the messenger RNA with five base-pairs instead of the present three. This idea would impose base sequence restriction on the early messages and on the early genetic code such that the first four amino acids coded were glycine, serine, aspartic acid and aspargine. A possible mechanism is suggested for the polymerization of the early message.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023138"}
{"pmid": "1023140", "title": "Scavenging of soluble organic matter from the prebiotic oceans.", "content": "Scavenging of soluble organic matter from the prebiotic oceans. The existence of hot or cold \"nutrient broth\" or \"primeval soup\" is challenged on the basis of the recent geochemistry of soluble organic carbon in the oceans. Most of the dissolved organic carbon is recycled quickly by organisms, but the residual, biologically refractive, organic matter is efficiently scavenged from the oceans (residence time of 1000 to 3500 years) by nonbiologically mediated chemical and physical processes, such as adsorption on sinking minerals, polymerization and aggregation to humic type polymers or by aggregation to particulate matter through bubbling and sinking of this material to the ocean bottom. Since there is no reason to believe that such nonbiological scavenging was not operative in the prebiotic oceans as well, then the prolonged existence of \"organic soup\" is very doubtful. The question of the origin of life is thus assumed to be related to solid-liquid interfacial activity, and the answer may be associated with sediment-water interaction rather than with solution chemistry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023140"}
{"pmid": "1023139", "title": "Prebiotic phosphorylation of nucleosides in formamide.", "content": "Prebiotic phosphorylation of nucleosides in formamide. A possible prebiotic phosphorylation method has been investigated in which formamide served as the reaction medium. Nucleotides and nucleotide derivatives were formed when nucleosides were allowed to react with different orthophosphate, hydrogen phosphate or dihydrogen phosphate salts or with different condensed phosphate salts. The reaction products obtained from the phosphorylation of adenosine were 2'3' and 5'-AMPs, 2',5' and 3',5'-ADPs and 2',3'-cyclic AMP. The extent of phosphorylation in formamide exceeded 50% under favorable conditions after 15 days at 70 degrees. The acidic dihydrogen phosphates and condensed hydrogen phosphates proved to be the best phosphorylating agents. The presence of water in the medium decreased the yield of nucleotide derivatives, but some phosphorylation of adenosine was detected using dihydrogen phosphate in formamide containing water. The phosphorylation reactions were also observed for deoxynucleosides. Little decompression of the nucleosides was detected during the reaction time needed to form nucleotide derivatives. The facility with which phosphorylation takes place in formamide under very mild conditions may justify further studies both of prebiotic phosphorylation and synthetic phosphorylation using this solvent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023139"}
{"pmid": "1023167", "title": "A systems approach to the multiple trauma victim.", "content": "A systems approach to the multiple trauma victim.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023167"}
{"pmid": "1023168", "title": "Problems in human sexuality encountered in primary care.", "content": "Problems in human sexuality encountered in primary care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023168"}
{"pmid": "1023204", "title": "The natural history of prostatic cancer.", "content": "The natural history of prostatic cancer. There are inner and outer gland groups in the human prostate. Benign nodular hyperplasia develops from the inner group of glands. Cancer develops from the outer gland group and consequently spreads beyond the prostate at an early stage in the disease. The biological malignancy of prostatic cancer varies from patient to patient and from part to part of the same tumor. Some tumors remain biologically inactive or latent so that there must be some naturally-occurring factor which controls tumor growth in these cases. Prostatic cancer patients may be divided into groups which differ in their response to endocrine treatment. These differences in response may be due to changes in the host or in the tumor cells. The temporary state of tumor retardation or latency follows endocrine treatment - generally anti-androgenic - in about 70 - 80% of all cases of prostatic cancer, but whatever form of treatment is used, about 75% of all cases die within 3 years. Even in tumors which show a marked response, endocrine treatment does not destroy all tumor cells. Hormone sensitivity therefore is not a property of the tumor as a whole but may vary from part to part of the same tumor. We need adequate well controlled clinical trials before we can decide which method of teatment is best but before we can do this satisfactorily we need methods to allow us to assess the stage and biological activity of individual tumors, before treatment begins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023204"}
{"pmid": "1023205", "title": "Pathology and classification of prostatic carcinoma.", "content": "Pathology and classification of prostatic carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023205"}
{"pmid": "1023206", "title": "Measurement of androgen receptors in human prostatic tissue: methodological considerations.", "content": "Measurement of androgen receptors in human prostatic tissue: methodological considerations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023206"}
{"pmid": "1023207", "title": "Radical perineal prostatectomy for prostatic cancer.", "content": "Radical perineal prostatectomy for prostatic cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023207"}
{"pmid": "1023208", "title": "The use of cryosurgery in the management of carcinoma of the prostate.", "content": "The use of cryosurgery in the management of carcinoma of the prostate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023208"}
{"pmid": "1023209", "title": "Retropubic implantation of I125 in the treatment of prostatic cancer.", "content": "Retropubic implantation of I125 in the treatment of prostatic cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023209"}
{"pmid": "1023210", "title": "Radiation therapy for carcinoma of the prostate.", "content": "Radiation therapy for carcinoma of the prostate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023210"}
{"pmid": "1023211", "title": "Radiotherapy of prostatic cancer.", "content": "Radiotherapy of prostatic cancer. The methods of treatment and the general guidelines in the treatment of prostatic cancer are discussed. Emphasis is placed upon treatment planning with the help of ultrasonography and the use of high energy photons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023211"}
{"pmid": "1023212", "title": "Radiotherapy in prostatic carcinoma preliminary report of lymph node involvement and its prognostic significance.", "content": "Radiotherapy in prostatic carcinoma preliminary report of lymph node involvement and its prognostic significance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023212"}
{"pmid": "1023213", "title": "Intraurethral irradiation of prostatic cancer using afterloading technique.", "content": "Intraurethral irradiation of prostatic cancer using afterloading technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023213"}
{"pmid": "1023214", "title": "Treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate with Estracyt.", "content": "Treatment of advanced carcinoma of the prostate with Estracyt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023214"}
{"pmid": "1023215", "title": "Evaluation of prostatic cytology in primary diagnosis and clinical course of prostatic carcinoma.", "content": "Evaluation of prostatic cytology in primary diagnosis and clinical course of prostatic carcinoma. Franzén's method of transrectal aspiration biopsy, capable of being performed without narcosis or hospitalization of the patient, is an ideal method of early recognition of prostatic carcinoma, and its reliability is equal to the more elaborate transrectal or transperineal needle biopsy. For the appraisal of the local therapy-effect, transrectal aspiration biopsy can be successfully used if no high-voltage radiation treatment of the primary tumour has been administered. For local progress-checks on radiologically treated prostatic carcinomas, however, needle biopsy with the Tru-Cut needle is clearly superior to aspiration biopsy. Cytologic and histologic progress-checks reveal that the local therapy-effect of the measures were applied were directly dependent on the primary degree of differentiation. No improvement in the therapy-effect is to be achieved by the use of high-voltage radiation, especially in cases of undifferentiated carcinoma of the prostate. The clinical course is also largely determined by the primary degree of differentiation, and 20 % of stage C patients tend, with or without radiation-treatment, to rapid metastasisation, although the local tumour may have partically disappeared after such treatment. The plasmatestosterone level could be related neither to the local therapy-effect nor to the clinical course, whereas the enzyme-status in numerous cases coincided with the clinical history, though not with the cytologically or histologically determined therapy-effect. We could not establish any radiologically induced typical therapy-effect on the prostatic carcinoma either by cytological or histologic means.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023215"}
{"pmid": "1023216", "title": "A critical review of histochemical and electromicroscopical studies of total prostatectomy specimens.", "content": "A critical review of histochemical and electromicroscopical studies of total prostatectomy specimens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023216"}
{"pmid": "1023217", "title": "Prostatitis.", "content": "Prostatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023217"}
{"pmid": "1023219", "title": "Prostatitis: congestion, T-mycoplasma infection.", "content": "Prostatitis: congestion, T-mycoplasma infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023219"}
{"pmid": "1023218", "title": "The prostatic antibacterial factor: identity and significance.", "content": "The prostatic antibacterial factor: identity and significance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023218"}
{"pmid": "1023220", "title": "Difficulties of treatment in the chronic prostatitis.", "content": "Difficulties of treatment in the chronic prostatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023220"}
{"pmid": "1023221", "title": "Anatomy and dynamics of bladder neck.", "content": "Anatomy and dynamics of bladder neck.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023221"}
{"pmid": "1023226", "title": "Lecithin as an antifoaming agent.", "content": "Lecithin as an antifoaming agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023226"}
{"pmid": "1023227", "title": "The determination of certain delta4-3-ketosteroids in some parenteral formulations by differential pulse polarography.", "content": "The determination of certain delta4-3-ketosteroids in some parenteral formulations by differential pulse polarography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023227"}
{"pmid": "1023229", "title": "Effects of food restriction and mutation on central catecholamine levels in genetically obese mice.", "content": "Effects of food restriction and mutation on central catecholamine levels in genetically obese mice. Norepinephrine (NE) levels in the hypothalamus and telencephalon of genetically obese mice with the OBOB and DBDB mutations are significantly higher than those of their lean littermates. Obese mice with the viable yellow mutation failed to show this increase. Restricting the diets of OBOB animals to prevent excessive weight gain does not affect NE levels in the hypothalamus, telencephalon or brainstem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023229"}
{"pmid": "1023230", "title": "Actions of repeated injections of LSD and apomorphine on the copulatory response of female rats.", "content": "Actions of repeated injections of LSD and apomorphine on the copulatory response of female rats. LSD, a serotonin receptor stimulating agent, inhibits copulatory behavior (lordosis response) in the ovariectomized and estrogen + progesterone treated female rat. The same effect is obtained by apomorphine, a dopamine receptor stimulating compounds. The lordosis has been shown to be dependent on serotonin, but also dopamine has been implicated in its mediation. Tolerance develops to certain responses after repeated injections of LSD and in the present study the influence of apomorphine and LSD was compared, when given in repeated doses. Possible cross-tolerance between the two compounds was also tested on the frequency of lordosis responding in ovariectomized and hormone treated female rats. Tolerance to LSD develops over seven days, while the suppressing influence of apomorphine on lordosis in seven repeated doses is not significantly altered from that of a single dose. No cross-tolerance was observed on the lordosis response with either order of treatments. Repeated doses of LSD did not influence locomotor activity differently from a single dose, while repeated doses of apomorphine enhanced this response in comparison with the effect of an acute dose. These results indicate differential sensitivity to the repeated treatments and further support an interpretation of the LSD effects on lordosis responding to be primarily on serotonergic rather than dopaminergic receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023230"}
{"pmid": "1023231", "title": "Drinking induced by parenteral injections of pilocarpine.", "content": "Drinking induced by parenteral injections of pilocarpine. Parenteral (IP) injections of pilocarpine, in doses from 3.75 - 30 mg/kg, reliably produced drinking in water-satiated rats. This effect was not diminished by pretreatment with either centrally active (scopolaime, atropine) or peripherally active (methyl scopolamine, methyl atropine) cholinergic blocking agents, suggesting that pilocarpine does not induce drinking via a cholingergic meachnism. Repated injections of low doses, but not high doses, of pilocarpine augments drinking over trials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023231"}
{"pmid": "1023232", "title": "Marijuana and memory impairment: the effect of retrieval cues on free recall.", "content": "Marijuana and memory impairment: the effect of retrieval cues on free recall. In an attempt to ascertain the effect of retrieval cues on recall deficits which occur following intoxication with marijuana, 40 male volunteers were presented with word lists following the smoking of a single one gram marijuana (0.94% delta 9 -THC) or placebo cigarette and then were required to recall these words immediately after presentation. Recall occurred under a condition in which cues representative of to-be-remembered words were present or in an uncued condition. Results indicated that recall was depressed following marijuana administration under both cued and uncued conditions with cues being only mildly effective in reversing the recall deficit. There was no increase in the number of internal intrusions under marijuana, but the number of external intrusions was significantly elevated under the cued conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023232"}
{"pmid": "1023233", "title": "Does tolerance develop to low doses of d- and l-amphetamine on locomotor activity in rats?", "content": "Does tolerance develop to low doses of d- and l-amphetamine on locomotor activity in rats? An observational study of the behavioural effects of chronic regimens of d- and l-amphetamine was designed to investigate possible mechanisms underlying any parallel behavioural changes: (1) Accumulation of p-hydroxynorephedrine in noradrenergic nerve terminals; (2) Altered sensitivity of dopaminergic receptors. The study revealed that locomotor activity seen with low doses of both isomers (2.0 mg/kg d- and 6.0 mg/kg l-) decreased with chronic once daily treatment. However, this was accompanied by an increase in directed sniffing activity and the behaviour came to resemble that seen with higher doses of amphetamine (8.0 mg/kg d- and 16.0 mg/kg l-). Nonsignificant decreases in locomotor activity and increases in directed sniffing to apomorphine administration were observed during chronic amphetamine treatment. These findings suggest that (1) p-hydroxynorephedrine, a metabolite of d- but not 1- amphetamine, does not play an important role in these alterations in behaviour with chronic treatment and (2) the tolerance to amphetamine observed under these conditions is due to an increased, rather than decreased, sensitivity of the rats to amphetamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023233"}
{"pmid": "1023234", "title": "Effects of response requirement upon human sedative self-administration and drug-seeking behavior.", "content": "Effects of response requirement upon human sedative self-administration and drug-seeking behavior. Five male volunteers with histories of sedative drug abuse were given the opportunity to self-administer up to 20 oral doses per day of either diazepam (10 mg per dose) or sodium pentobarbital (30 mg per dose). Each dose was purchased with tokens earned by exercising on a stationary exercise bicycle. Each two minutes of exercise earned one token. In a mixed order across days the number of tokens required to purchase each dose was varied among 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10. Drug intake decreased as a function of increased response requirement for purchasing the drug. Response output for drug tended to be an inverted-U shaped function of the response requirement. Thus, the cost of drug doses act as a powerful environmental influence upon both of these aspects of drug abuse behavior - amount of drug consumed and amount of drug-seeking behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023234"}
{"pmid": "1023235", "title": "Enkephalin and a potent analog facilitate maze performance after intraperitoneal administration in rats.", "content": "Enkephalin and a potent analog facilitate maze performance after intraperitoneal administration in rats. Met-enkephalin and its analog [D-Ala2]-Met-enkephalin-NH2 were administered intraperitoneally (IP) at a dose of 80 microng/kg body weight to hungry rats which were tested over 3 days for their ability to run a complex, 12 choice Warden maze for a reward of food. Animals receiving either peptide negotiated the maze significantly (p less than 0.01) faster (74.1 and 73.5 vs. 128.8 sec) and made significantly (p less than 0.01) fewer errors (5.5 and 5.4 vs 9.1) than animals receiving the diluent vehicle. These findings did not seem to be explained by differences in appetite, thirst, olfaction, or general activity. Rats injected in a preliminary study with an analog, [D-Phe4]-Met-enkephalin, which has essentially no opiate activity appeared to run the maze as fast as rats injected with [D-Ala2]-Met-enkephalin-NH2 and with just as few errors. Injection of morphine seemed to result in slower running times and more errors in the maze. These results demonstrate that enkephalin and some of its analogs can exert significant behavioral changes after IP administration and that these behavioral effects probably can be dissociated from the opiate effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023235"}
{"pmid": "1023236", "title": "Cocaine and morphine self-administration: effects of differential rearing.", "content": "Cocaine and morphine self-administration: effects of differential rearing. Two groups of Wistar rats were reared in either enriched or impoverished conditions for 100 days postweaning. These two groups were further divided and tested for cocaine or morphine preference in a two-bottle choice (water alternative) for 16 days. Enriched and impoverished rearing has previously been found to alter emotionality, conditionability, and body weight of adult rats. Validating previous reports of differential rearing effects on body weight, the enriched animals in the present study weighed less than their litter mates reared in impoverished conditions. Animals reared in the enriched environment consumed significantly more cocaine than animals reared in an impoverished one. No significant differences were observed for morphine self-selection as a result of differential rearing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023236"}
{"pmid": "1023237", "title": "Differences in cytochrome P-450 of various strains of rats following chronic administration of pentobarbital.", "content": "Differences in cytochrome P-450 of various strains of rats following chronic administration of pentobarbital. Cytochrome P-450 levels were analyzed in rats of two pigmented (black Long-Evans and ACI) and two albino strains (Fischer 344 and Sprague-Dawley) following the administration of pentobarbital sodium and physiological saline. Differences between the albino vs pigmented strains were observed following injections of saline. The Fischer 344 albino strains responded similarly to the pigmented strains following a progressively increasing dose schedule of pentobarbital sodium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023237"}
{"pmid": "1023241", "title": "Synthesis and screening of some substituted 3.5-dioxopyrazolidines.", "content": "Synthesis and screening of some substituted 3.5-dioxopyrazolidines. Seven new 3.5-dioxopyrazolidine derivatives, incorporating in their molecule a p-substituted benzoyl grouping, were synthesized. The preliminary screening of four selected compounds showed that 1-phenyl-2-[p-nitrobenzoyl]-4.4-diethyl-3.5-dioxopyrazolidine possesses a low order of antiinflammatory activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023241"}
{"pmid": "1023244", "title": "On the solubilization properties of surfactant-polymer complexes.", "content": "On the solubilization properties of surfactant-polymer complexes. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) affect the solubilization properties of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). When these polymers are added to SDS solution, its solubilization power for riboflavin, khellin and propyl p-hydroxybenzoate is markedly decreased. In case of riboflavin and khellin, the polymer effect is more pronounced at high surfactant concentrations; for propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, the polymer effect is inversely proportional to the surfactant concentration. On the other hand, the solubilization power of SDS towards methyl and butyl p-hydroxybenzoate is greatly enhanced by PEG or PVP. In case of methyl p-hydroxybenzoate the effect of PEG is more pronounced at high surfactant concentrations; the effect of PVP is not significantly dependent on the surfactant concentration. For butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, the polymer effect decreases markedly with increasing surfactant concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023244"}
{"pmid": "1023253", "title": "Phytochemical and botanical study of Gynandropsis spp. Part 1: Gynandropsis glucosinolates.", "content": "Phytochemical and botanical study of Gynandropsis spp. Part 1: Gynandropsis glucosinolates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023253"}
{"pmid": "1023254", "title": "Furocoumarins part 3: Esters and ethers with predictable skin-photosensitizing activity.", "content": "Furocoumarins part 3: Esters and ethers with predictable skin-photosensitizing activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023254"}
{"pmid": "1023256", "title": "Volumetric determination of hexamine in some pharmaceutical preparations containing peperazine.", "content": "Volumetric determination of hexamine in some pharmaceutical preparations containing peperazine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023256"}
{"pmid": "1023262", "title": "Synthesis of 1.4-naphthoquinones-4-aryl(aroyl)hydrazones of potential antimicrobial activity.", "content": "Synthesis of 1.4-naphthoquinones-4-aryl(aroyl)hydrazones of potential antimicrobial activity. The isolation of phthiocol (3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1.4-naphthoquinone) from the acetone-soluble fat fraction of tubercle bacilli [1, 2] and the confirmation that it had antituberculous activity against H-37 R.V. strain [20] in vitro and in mice [12], prompted the synthesis of some 2-alkyl-3-hydroxy-1.4-naphthoquinone-4-aryl(aroyl)hydrazones as possible tuberculostatic agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023262"}
{"pmid": "1023265", "title": "Polysalt flocculates as a physicochemical approach in the development of controlled-release oral pharmaceuticals.", "content": "Polysalt flocculates as a physicochemical approach in the development of controlled-release oral pharmaceuticals. In the field of pharmaceutical formulation, polysalt flocculates have received relatively little attention in the literature. Accordingly this investigation could be considered an approach towards the development of oral controlled release dosage forms by polysalt flocculates. The polymer selected for this study was sodium carboxymethylcellulose. This was based on the fact that it forms an insoluble complex with aluminium sulphate, which could be of value in controlling the liberation of the entrapped drug. Drug entrapment was effected by polymeric flocculation, induced by the addition of a physiologically inert electrolyte. Results of this study indicated that this approach provided a physicochemical method for controlling drug release from oral pharmaceuticals, that could be claimed to replace the earlier empirical mechanical methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023265"}
{"pmid": "1023268", "title": "The fate of Depogen in rats.", "content": "The fate of Depogen in rats. Studying the metabolism of Depogen in rats we have worked out a method for the purification, isolation and separation of the drug and its potential metabolites. In the basic fraction we have found the same metabolic pathway of Drotaverin published earlier by us. In the focus of our recent work was the fate of the theophylline-7-acetic acid and its eventual biotransformed products. We have stated that theophylline-7-acetic acid contrasts with the theophylline excresa in unchanged form, which has been confirmed by several methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023268"}
{"pmid": "1023271", "title": "Thin layer chromatographic technique for the separation and identification of 1.4-benzodiazepine drugs in biological material.", "content": "Thin layer chromatographic technique for the separation and identification of 1.4-benzodiazepine drugs in biological material.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023271"}
{"pmid": "1023272", "title": "Isolation of two flavonoids from Achillea santolina L. growing in Egypt.", "content": "Isolation of two flavonoids from Achillea santolina L. growing in Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023272"}
{"pmid": "1023274", "title": "Pitch control and pharynx with in Twi: an electromyographic study.", "content": "Pitch control and pharynx with in Twi: an electromyographic study. The author examined electromyographic tracings from four muscles--genioglossus (GG), anterior belly of the digastric (D) sternothyroid (ST) and thyrohyoid (TH)--for 210 Twi syllables selected so as to give information on seven parameters: tense/lax vowels, long/short vowels, close/open vowels, front/back vowels, high-tone/low-tone vowels, vowels preceded by a fricative/plosive consonant and vowels preceded by a voiced/voiceless consonant, and concluded, inter alia (1) that GG and D functioned as pitch control muscles but that it is not clear why raising of the larynx should accompany an increase in pitch; (2) that GG did not play the major role in tongue root fronting that was expected of it but that we may have to consider GG to consist of at least four functional muscles; (3) that GG and D offered little evidence to support a prosodic view of vowel harmony in Twi, and (4) that features may be ranked by the muscle activity associated with them and that 'high-tone', 'fricative' and 'voiced' dominated for GG, D and ST.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023274"}
{"pmid": "1023295", "title": "Hospital smoking: policies, programs, and problems.", "content": "Hospital smoking: policies, programs, and problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023295"}
{"pmid": "1023292", "title": "The role of the medical director of respiratory therapy.", "content": "The role of the medical director of respiratory therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023292"}
{"pmid": "1023293", "title": "The impact of materials shortages on the respiratory therapist.", "content": "The impact of materials shortages on the respiratory therapist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023293"}
{"pmid": "1023296", "title": "The employment market.", "content": "The employment market.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023296"}
{"pmid": "1023297", "title": "Research funding.", "content": "Research funding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023297"}
{"pmid": "1023299", "title": "Cystic fibrosis: a new challenge for the patient-care team.", "content": "Cystic fibrosis: a new challenge for the patient-care team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023299"}
{"pmid": "1023301", "title": "The malpractice threat: therapists are not immune.", "content": "The malpractice threat: therapists are not immune.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023301"}
{"pmid": "1023298", "title": "All in the family: treating lungs or testing them--it's still RT.", "content": "All in the family: treating lungs or testing them--it's still RT.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023298"}
{"pmid": "1023300", "title": "RT education: role for proprietary schools? Part I.", "content": "RT education: role for proprietary schools? Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023300"}
{"pmid": "1023331", "title": "Cytochemical investigation on lipids in human major salivary glands. A light and electron microscope study.", "content": "Cytochemical investigation on lipids in human major salivary glands. A light and electron microscope study. The localization of lipids in the secretion of human parotid and submandibular glands has been here investigated. Ultrastructural observations following lipid extraction and histochemical data showed that lipid components are not present in the secretory granules. In fact, while histochemical reactions are completely negative, secretory granules from lipid-depleted glands retain all their morphological characters. These results led us to emphasize that, at least in human seromucous cells, lipids are not directly involved in the salivary secretion. This conclusion, which is supported by the biochemical data concerning the lipid content in human saliva, disagrees with the findings obtained in rat and guinea pig salivary glands. However, this discrepancy may be ascribed to the specific biochemical and ultrastructural differences found in the salivary glands of the various mammalian species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023331"}
{"pmid": "1023427", "title": "Health benefits for laidoff workers.", "content": "Health benefits for laidoff workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023427"}
{"pmid": "1023428", "title": "Social security in the coming decade: questions for a mature system.", "content": "Social security in the coming decade: questions for a mature system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023428"}
{"pmid": "1023425", "title": "Foreign health programs: changes in population covered.", "content": "Foreign health programs: changes in population covered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023425"}
{"pmid": "1023424", "title": "Born to be poor: birthplace and number of brothers and sisters as factors in adult poverty.", "content": "Born to be poor: birthplace and number of brothers and sisters as factors in adult poverty. Household heads who grew up as members of large families and/or as natives of small towns or rural areas tend to have less education and are more likely to be poor than those coming from small families and/or large cities. Data to support these conclusions have been drawn from two independent sources--a special Social Security Administration supplement to the April 1968 Current Population Survey and findings from the Retirement History Study conducted by the Social Security Administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023424"}
{"pmid": "1023426", "title": "Self-employment income at low earnings levels.", "content": "Self-employment income at low earnings levels. If self-employment were much more prevalent at moderate and high earnings levels than at low levels and if the incidence of both the employee and employer taxes on wages is on the employee, then the social security tax structure would be regressive relative to taxable earnings. Analysis shows, however, that this is the case only in a very limited sense. For 1970, 6.5 percent of taxable earnings derives from self-employment. At least 6.3 percent of taxable earnings consists of self-employment income in each observed interval from $400 to $3,600. The proportion declines slightly with rising earnings until near the taxable maximum, when it begins to rise. If the average tax rate on earnings up to the maximum were tabulated by earnings both below and above the maximum, it appears very likely that mild regressivity would be shown beyond the taxable maximum, but of not more than a few tenths of a percent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023426"}
{"pmid": "1023429", "title": "New retirement options in Sweden.", "content": "New retirement options in Sweden.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023429"}
{"pmid": "1023430", "title": "SSI payments in metropolitan areas.", "content": "SSI payments in metropolitan areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023430"}
{"pmid": "1023431", "title": "Hospital organization: effectiveness of patient care.", "content": "Hospital organization: effectiveness of patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023431"}
{"pmid": "1023432", "title": "Women's worklives and future social security benefits.", "content": "Women's worklives and future social security benefits. More women will earn social security benefits in their own right in the next 30 years than do so at present; their benefits will not necessarily rise in relation to men's benefits. For this to occur, the ratio of women's earnings to men's would have to rise markedly or young women would have to work most of their lives. The earnings ratio has stayed nearly constant, for 25 years at least. In this article, worklives of younger women are estimated from their own early experience plus the completed careers of women now retired. Though their total labor-force activity before retirement age will be greater than that of these older women, the increase will not be sufficient to compensate for the lengthening benefit-computation period. Benefits earned on their own records therefore will not supplant dependent and survivor benefits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023432"}
{"pmid": "1023436", "title": "Administrative costs for social security programs in selected countries.", "content": "Administrative costs for social security programs in selected countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023436"}
{"pmid": "1023435", "title": "Private pension plans, 1950-74.", "content": "Private pension plans, 1950-74. During the past quarter century, private pension plans have enjoyed a healthy growth. Although the rate of growth has slackened somewhat during recent years, the private pension movement is now a major contributor to the income maintenance needs of the American worker during retirement. The passage of pension reform legislation in 1974 offers an appropriate milestone year for measuring the current status of pension plans and the progress that has been made to date.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023435"}
{"pmid": "1023434", "title": "Social security funding practices in selected countries.", "content": "Social security funding practices in selected countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023434"}
{"pmid": "1023433", "title": "Demographic characteristics of disability applicants: relationship to allowances.", "content": "Demographic characteristics of disability applicants: relationship to allowances. This article highlights some of the causes underlying differences in disability allowances by sex and race. Among the causes are differences in labor-force patterns, the educational background, and the age distributions of the insured and applicant populations. More than half of the differences between the black and white applicants in the proportion of claims allowed is explained by differences in their age distributions. The lower proportion of claims allowed for black applicants may reflect the greater tendency fo the black insured population to apply for disability insurance benefits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023433"}
{"pmid": "1023452", "title": "Worker and caller variety in three crisis centers.", "content": "Worker and caller variety in three crisis centers. Worker and caller behaviors are studied and compared in an available sample of 100 suicidal calls to three crisis intervention centers. Caller-Worker Interaction Program results were compared among the three centers. Worker and caller differences across centers were significant in 32 of 41 categories (p less than .05); using four discriminant functions, 2 of 18 hit percentages exceeded p less than .01. The verbal behaviors of workers and callers at the three centers are substantially different, leading to the conclusion that crisis intervention is dissimilarly practiced between centers but similar within them.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023452"}
{"pmid": "1023453", "title": "Suicide survivors: psychotherapeutic implications of egocide.", "content": "Suicide survivors: psychotherapeutic implications of egocide. Interviews with seven of ten known survivors of jumps from the Golden Gate Bridge and San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge revealed that all of them experienced transcendence and spiritual rebirth phenomena. The psychotherapeutic implications of these findings lie in helping depressed and suicidal individuals confront death in a symbolic and meaningful way. The issue is one of \"egocide\" (symbolic suicide) and aiding individuals in the rebirth process. In this way actual suicides can be prevented. When individuals experience partial \"deaths\" (like loss, failure, rejection, depression, suicidal states, or negative parts of their egos), there is opportunity for \"rebirth\" (positive transformation, creative change, growth, and significant spiritual reawakening). The therapeutic task is to help individuals differentiate between \"ego death\" and total death and to discover through the creative process of psychotherapy that overt suicide need not be a solution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023453"}
{"pmid": "1023456", "title": "Understanding life and death from a dialectical perspecitve.", "content": "Understanding life and death from a dialectical perspecitve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023456"}
{"pmid": "1023455", "title": "Suicide prevention for high-risk persons who refuse treatment.", "content": "Suicide prevention for high-risk persons who refuse treatment. A program was developed to exert a suicide prevention influence on high-risk persons who decline to enter the health care system. There were 3,006 patients admitted to a psychiatric in-patient service because of a depressive or suicidal state who were contacted to determine if the post-discharge plan was followed. Half of those who refused their treatment program were contacted by telephone or letter on a set schedule. The contact was limited to expressing interest in the person's well-being. Mortality in the contact group was compared with the no-contact subjects and with the subjects who had accepted treatment, after 1, 2, 3, and 4 years. Suicidal deaths were found to diverge progressively in the three groups, the treatment subjects showing the highest rates, the no-contact group coming next, and the contact subjects showing the lowest. The observed divergence between the contact and no-contact groups provides tentative evidence that a high-risk population for suicide can be identified and that a system-atic approach to reducing that risk can be applied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023455"}
{"pmid": "1023454", "title": "Suicide and blacks: a conceptual framework.", "content": "Suicide and blacks: a conceptual framework. Suicide among black Americans has risen sharply in this decade. The suicide pattern differs from that of white Americans in that black suicide is mainly a youth phenomenon and the rates between black females and black males are relatively equal. The lack of research into these phenomena is highlighted along with an exploration of current explanations. A specific conceptual framework is proposed that includes extragroup pressure, intragroup pressure, and value orientation. The framework is extended into the area of mental health planning, as well as behavioral science practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023454"}
{"pmid": "1023458", "title": "Why corporate planning should get top billing.", "content": "Why corporate planning should get top billing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023458"}
{"pmid": "1023457", "title": "What trustees should know--and do--about ERISA.", "content": "What trustees should know--and do--about ERISA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023457"}
{"pmid": "1023459", "title": "The statement of mission: essential ingredient in planning.", "content": "The statement of mission: essential ingredient in planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023459"}
{"pmid": "1023460", "title": "Think the plan before you write it.", "content": "Think the plan before you write it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023460"}
{"pmid": "1023451", "title": "The health educator as a suicidologist.", "content": "The health educator as a suicidologist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023451"}
{"pmid": "1023467", "title": "Electrophysiological analyses of motoneuron properties in dystrophic mice.", "content": "Electrophysiological analyses of motoneuron properties in dystrophic mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023467"}
{"pmid": "1023468", "title": "Blind studies on the effect of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis sera on motor neurons in vitro.", "content": "Blind studies on the effect of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis sera on motor neurons in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023468"}
{"pmid": "1023469", "title": "Immunogenetics and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.", "content": "Immunogenetics and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Immunological capability is to a substantial extent genetically determined. Because genetic linkage exists between histocompatibility gene loci and certain immune response gene loci, histocompatibility specificities can serve as indicators for the presence of particular inherited immunological traits. In man, certain HLA antigens seem to be associated with immunogenetic traits which result in altered susceptibility to disease with known or suspected viral or autoimmune etiologies. We have found an association between HLA-A3 and \"classic\" cases of ALS. The A3 antigen was present in 49% of these cases, but not in the more chronic or benign form of the disease. Five out of six \"benign\" cases carried HLA-B12, suggesting perhaps the presence of a trait conferring resistance to the disease. Epidemiological surveys provide evidence both for and against a correlation between the incidence of ALS and that of HLA-A3 in various population groups. Because of the multiplicity of immune response genes, susceptibility or resistance to ALS in different populations may depend on different immune response genes. The association of a disease with selected HLA antigens or phenotypes might be suggestive of a viral-allergic etiology. Evidence that bears on this hypothesis has been reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023469"}
{"pmid": "1023470", "title": "Theiler's virus-induced central nervous system disease in mice.", "content": "Theiler's virus-induced central nervous system disease in mice. Theiler's viruses, which are common enteric pathogenes of mice, produce an unusual buphasic disease in the natural host following IC inoculation. There is an early phase of virus growth in CNS gray matter resulting in motor neuron degeneration and microglial proliferation. Since the spinal cord is the principal site of involvement, infected animals develop flaccid limb paralysis (early disease). Immunosuppression of the host during the early phase of infection augments virus growth and pathological lesions in gray matter, suggesting that TV causes a cytocidal infection of neurons. More importantly, surviving mice have persistent infection and pathological change limited to the spinal cord. There is marked mononuclear cell infiltration in the leptomeninges and white matter and concomitant primary demyelination. These changes are associated  with a distinctive late-developing neurological disorder characterized by general inactivity, slowed movement, poor righting ability, and stimulus-sensitive extensor spasms. It appears that there are differences in host susceptibility to the development of late disease with the SJL/J inbred strain of mouse regularly showing the most severe clinical manifestations. Both humoral and cell-mediated immunity to TV antigen are delayed, reaching a maximum after 2 months; hence, this temporal sequence of the immune response is atypical  of acute virus infections. Certain features of the late disease process favor an immune-mediated mechanism for demyelination, and this possibility is currently under investigation. The cells chronically supporting virus replication and the mechanisms of persistent infection remain to be elucidated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023470"}
{"pmid": "1023509", "title": "Clinical trial of pivampicillin hydrochloride (alphacillin) in gonorrhoea [proceedings].", "content": "Clinical trial of pivampicillin hydrochloride (alphacillin) in gonorrhoea [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023509"}
{"pmid": "1023510", "title": "Medical treatment of late complications of Lymphogranuloma venereum [proceedings].", "content": "Medical treatment of late complications of Lymphogranuloma venereum [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023510"}
{"pmid": "1023507", "title": "Cardiovascular reactivity to noradrenaline and angiotensin in normotensive, hypertensive and 6-hydroxydopamine treated rats.", "content": "Cardiovascular reactivity to noradrenaline and angiotensin in normotensive, hypertensive and 6-hydroxydopamine treated rats. Blood pressure responses to intravenous noradrenaline and angiotensin in the pithed rat preparations from normotensive, chronically hypertensive and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treated groups were found to follow different patterns. 6-OHDA treated rats were very sensitive to the effects of the two pressor agents and repeated administration of the two drugs invariably led to cardiovascular collapse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023507"}
{"pmid": "1023511", "title": "A study of indigenous plants with laxative activity [proceedings].", "content": "A study of indigenous plants with laxative activity [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023511"}
{"pmid": "1023512", "title": "Some pharmacological effects of cow's urine concoction in experimental animals [proceedings].", "content": "Some pharmacological effects of cow's urine concoction in experimental animals [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023512"}
{"pmid": "1023513", "title": "Pharmacological studies on the isolated taenia coli from the horse [proceedings].", "content": "Pharmacological studies on the isolated taenia coli from the horse [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023513"}
{"pmid": "1023514", "title": "The pharmacology of the alimentary system of the rainbow lizard, Agama agama [proceedings].", "content": "The pharmacology of the alimentary system of the rainbow lizard, Agama agama [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023514"}
{"pmid": "1023515", "title": "Dopaminoceptor agents and electroshock [proceedings].", "content": "Dopaminoceptor agents and electroshock [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023515"}
{"pmid": "1023516", "title": "Anti-convulsant effects of 2-benzylidene aminooxypropionic acid in young chicks [proceedings].", "content": "Anti-convulsant effects of 2-benzylidene aminooxypropionic acid in young chicks [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023516"}
{"pmid": "1023518", "title": "Chloroquine induced pruritus-immunoglobulin level [proceedings].", "content": "Chloroquine induced pruritus-immunoglobulin level [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023518"}
{"pmid": "1023517", "title": "Anaphylatoxin(AT-induced release of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS) in isolated perfused guinea-pig lungs [proceedings].", "content": "Anaphylatoxin(AT-induced release of rabbit aorta contracting substance (RCS) in isolated perfused guinea-pig lungs [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023517"}
{"pmid": "1023519", "title": "The action of phlorizin on the handling of glucose sodium and potassium by rat kidney [proceedings].", "content": "The action of phlorizin on the handling of glucose sodium and potassium by rat kidney [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023519"}
{"pmid": "1023520", "title": "Potentiation of pentobarbitone sleeping time by chloroquine in the rat [proceedings].", "content": "Potentiation of pentobarbitone sleeping time by chloroquine in the rat [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023520"}
{"pmid": "1023521", "title": "Preliminary report on the pharmacology of i-ethyl-B-carboline [proceedings].", "content": "Preliminary report on the pharmacology of i-ethyl-B-carboline [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023521"}
{"pmid": "1023522", "title": "Effect of chloroquine on isolated guinea-pig atria [proceedings].", "content": "Effect of chloroquine on isolated guinea-pig atria [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023522"}
{"pmid": "1023524", "title": "The oxytocic effects of an extract from Sida veronififolia on the non-pregnant and the pregnant uterus [proceedings].", "content": "The oxytocic effects of an extract from Sida veronififolia on the non-pregnant and the pregnant uterus [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023524"}
{"pmid": "1023526", "title": "Effects of reserpine on the responses of the isolated rat fundus strip to catecholamines and specific adrenoceptor antagonists.", "content": "Effects of reserpine on the responses of the isolated rat fundus strip to catecholamines and specific adrenoceptor antagonists. The effects of reserpine on the sensitivity to catecholamines and adrenoceptor antagonists propranolol and azapetine were studied on the fundus strips of the rat. The results obtained in this study would support the view that reserpine may increase the sensitivity of beta receptor to isoprenaline and adrenaline by the mechanism which may be independent of the uptake of catecholamines in the sympathetic nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023526"}
{"pmid": "1023550", "title": "Structure of synapes in the supraoesophageal ganglion of the water beetle (Dytiscus marginalis).", "content": "Structure of synapes in the supraoesophageal ganglion of the water beetle (Dytiscus marginalis). 1. Light- and electron microscopic investigations prove that synapses, without any exception, are confined to the neuropil. 2. Under the light-microscope, synapses display the shape of terminal boutons at the ends of the nerve fibres; in some cases they appear as smaller or larger plates. Electron microscopic investigations suggest that also varicosities of nerve fibres can be regarded as synapses, though these might have possible arisen from axoplasmatic peristalsis. 3. Electron microscopically the overwhelming majority of the synapses are axodendritic contacts; axo-axonic contacts occur less often. 4. The generally accepted characteristics of synapses are defective. Membrane thickenings and intersynaptic spaces are missing. Accordingly, synapses in the supraoesophageal ganglion of the water beetle differ markedly from those described in Vertebrates. 5. Synaptic vesicles sometimes fill the axoplasm of the nerve fibre completely. In other cases, clusters of synaptic vesicles can be seen, on both sides of the contact. 6. Synaptic vesicles are mixed with neurosecretory granules. Synaptic vesicles may appear also in the dendrites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023550"}
{"pmid": "1023549", "title": "Histochemical study of distribution of esterases in the pharyngeal bulb of earthworms.", "content": "Histochemical study of distribution of esterases in the pharyngeal bulb of earthworms. The esterases are studied histochemically in the pharyngeal bulb of local earthworms using tweens, naphthols and indoxyl substrates. Lipase and esterases are located mainly in the pharyngeal epithelial cells and chromophill cells. No activity is seen in the nonchromophill cells. The connective tissue and musculo-vascular tissue contain some esterases activity. Possible role of the esterases in the cellular elements of pharynx has been discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023549"}
{"pmid": "1023551", "title": "Histochemical mapping of certain enzymes in few fresh water teleosts. I. Acid phosphatase.", "content": "Histochemical mapping of certain enzymes in few fresh water teleosts. I. Acid phosphatase. A detailed investigation of the distribution pattern of acid phosphatase in the different parts of alimentary canal and associated glands of Colisa fasciatus, Macrognathus aculeatus, Notopterus notopterus and Nandus nandus has been made. Though this enzyme shows its hydrolytic activity in all the parts of the digestive system yet its intense activity has been noted in the intestine, pyloric caeca, liver and pancreas of all the 4 fishes. Mucosal and submucosal layers of all the parts of the alimentary canal are the main seat of localization of this enzyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023551"}
{"pmid": "1023553", "title": "Effects of dactinomycine (actinomycine D) on budless hydra and during its budding process.", "content": "Effects of dactinomycine (actinomycine D) on budless hydra and during its budding process. The effect of dactinomycine (actinomycine D) is manifested in various ways, which depends upon its concentration and animal condition at the time of treatment. Dactinomycine is citotoxic in stronger concentations so hydra dies quickly. In thinner concentrations it stops the mitotic activity of the cell, but the basic metabolic processes continue as before. Interstitial cells differenciate into cnidoblasts for some time, the cnid production is not halted, but all of these cells disappear as well as zimogen cells which dedifferentiate into gastrodermal interstitial and into mucous cells. Such animals live longer but die eventually. The effect of dactinomycine is generally milder on animals with a larger cell mass, in hydras with the budding tendency where exist such reserves and in those hydras in which the budding process has begun. In these a part of mobile undamaged zimogen cells can remain. They keep their reproduction ability. These animals can survive and keep on growing normally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023553"}
{"pmid": "1023555", "title": "Occurrence and frequency of enterochromaffin cells in the intestine of birds.", "content": "Occurrence and frequency of enterochromaffin cells in the intestine of birds. The occurrence and frequency of enterochromaffin cells in the intestine of 14 separate species of birds, the quantitative variations in the several sections of the intestine and the quantitative changes in the embryonic and postembryonic development of Anas platyhynchos have been investigated by the Protargol-reaction of Bodian and the fluorescence method of Falck and Hillarp. Enterochromaffin cells are concentrated in the crypts of Lieberkühn in first line. They have been found in all investigated species but in various frequency. The enterochromaffin cells exist frequently in herbivorous species, scarcely in carnivorous. The number of enterochromaffin cells increase from the duodenum to the colon. The enterochromaffin cells appear in the intestine of the duck embryo beginning with the 15th day of embryonic life. The number increase related with the age of the duckling. The content has been identified as 5-hydroxy-tryptamine by the colour of fluorescence and depletion of all enterochromaffin cells following reserpine administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023555"}
{"pmid": "1023556", "title": "Histochemical localization of lipid in the respiratory muscles of a fresh water air-breathing siluroid fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.).", "content": "Histochemical localization of lipid in the respiratory muscles of a fresh water air-breathing siluroid fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.). The histochemical localization of lipids in the respiratory muscles of Clarias batrachus (Linn.) has been studied. The muscles innervated by the facialis (VIIth) nerve contain more lipid than those innervated by the trigeminal (Vth). The muscles directly concerned with the opercular suction pumps (Inferior and Superior hyohyoideus, Adductor, Levator and Dilator operculi) have more lipids and suggest their sustained role in the maintainance of efficiency of the opercular suction pumps. The Retractor tentaculi associated with the movements of barbels also have lipid droplets in good quantity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023556"}
{"pmid": "1023559", "title": "The ossification centers in the lower end of tibiotarsus in domestic fowl.", "content": "The ossification centers in the lower end of tibiotarsus in domestic fowl. The morphogenesis of lower end of tibia in chick is studied commonly but the process of ossification of the same has received very little attention so far. The present study is directed to throw some light on the appearance of ossification centers in the lower end of tibiotarsus of chick. The histology of lower end of tibiotarsus was studied by procuring developing tibiotarsi from chick embryos (20) of 6th day incubation till hatching and 3 post hatched chicks. The transparancies of chick embryos at different incubation periods and post hatched chicks were prepared by Dawson's Alizarin staining method. Three cartilage center (tibial, fibulare and intermedium) appeared in 6...9 days of incubation period in the tarsal region. These gradually fused with the lower end of tibia. Three ossification centres developed in the lower end of tibiotarsus. One for intermedium appeared on 16th day and two fotibial and fibulare on 20th day. All these three centres could be located in the transparancies of the chick embryos in tarsal region. The present study proves that the three cartilages centres maintain their individuality during the ossification process even though those fuse completely with the lower end of tibia in chick. The centers for tibial and fibulare are similar to epiphyseal centres of mammals in histological details.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023559"}
{"pmid": "1023563", "title": "Effect of indoleamine derivates administered at birth on growth and plasma growth hormone levels in the rat.", "content": "Effect of indoleamine derivates administered at birth on growth and plasma growth hormone levels in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023563"}
{"pmid": "1023569", "title": "Effects of hemicastration, testis implantation and administration of testosterone propionate on the female embryonic genital tract in various breeds and strains of chickens.", "content": "Effects of hemicastration, testis implantation and administration of testosterone propionate on the female embryonic genital tract in various breeds and strains of chickens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023569"}
{"pmid": "1023575", "title": "Olfactory and temporal projections to the amygdala.", "content": "Olfactory and temporal projections to the amygdala.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023575"}
{"pmid": "1023579", "title": "Early prenatal ontogenesis of the neuronal connections in the interhemispheric cortex of the human gyrus cinguli.", "content": "Early prenatal ontogenesis of the neuronal connections in the interhemispheric cortex of the human gyrus cinguli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023579"}
{"pmid": "1023586", "title": "[Some observations on the ultrastructure of the amygdala].", "content": "[Some observations on the ultrastructure of the amygdala].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023586"}
{"pmid": "1023694", "title": "Urinary bladder tumours in Zambia.", "content": "Urinary bladder tumours in Zambia. The clinical picture of bladder cancer as seen in Zambia is presented. The majority of lesions were squamous carcinoma and although all cases were first seen at a late stage it was possible to undertake a potentially curative operation in 16%. Operation provides excellent palliation and should be considered wherever possible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023694"}
{"pmid": "1023695", "title": "Assessment of transvenous right atriography in the diagnosis of pericardial effusion.", "content": "Assessment of transvenous right atriography in the diagnosis of pericardial effusion. From our results, we feel that transvenous right atriography is a reliable confirmatory investigation of pericardial effusion. The procedure is simple and can be carried out in any hospital. Spurious positive results may arise from faulty technique or due to marked pericardial thickenning whilst false negatives may be enountered with viscid, inspissated or loculated pericardial effusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023695"}
{"pmid": "1023696", "title": "Vasopressin-sensitive diabetes insipidus-a case report.", "content": "Vasopressin-sensitive diabetes insipidus-a case report. This is a case report of Vasopressin - Sensitive Diabetes Insipidus in a 5 year old Zambian Coloured male child together with a brief review of etiology, diagnosis and management of the condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023696"}
{"pmid": "1023697", "title": "Antenatal care and eclampsia.", "content": "Antenatal care and eclampsia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023697"}
{"pmid": "1023698", "title": "Schistosomiasis and bladder cancer.", "content": "Schistosomiasis and bladder cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023698"}
{"pmid": "1023699", "title": "Impact of piped water supply on the incidence of typhoid fever and diarrhoeal diseases in Lusaka.", "content": "Impact of piped water supply on the incidence of typhoid fever and diarrhoeal diseases in Lusaka. The effect of piped water supply on the incidence of typhoid fever and diarrhoeal diseases in the City of Lusaka is reported. The incidence of typhoid fever and diarrhoeal diseases reduced in the City as the piped drinking water was extended to the Urban and peri Urban self-help settlements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023699"}
{"pmid": "1023715", "title": "[Group effect on learning in fish (Rasbora trilineata)].", "content": "[Group effect on learning in fish (Rasbora trilineata)].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023715"}
{"pmid": "1023700", "title": "Chronic endometritis. A clinical and histopathological study.", "content": "Chronic endometritis. A clinical and histopathological study. Chronic endometritis is not an uncommon diagnosis in our biopsy material and we believe should be diagnosed more frequently. There seems to be no correlation however between clinical symptomalogy and severity of plasma cell infiltration of the endometrial stroma as observed histologically. Pelvic inflammatory disease is the condition most commonly associated with chronic endometritis. The precise etiology of pelvic inflammatory disease is not clear. No clinical cause could be found in 37.5% of our cases with histopathological diagnosis of chronic endometritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023700"}
{"pmid": "1023716", "title": "[Experimental studies on the anti-inflammatory action of penicillamines].", "content": "[Experimental studies on the anti-inflammatory action of penicillamines].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023716"}
{"pmid": "1023718", "title": "The EMI general purpose scanner in the evaluation of pancreatic disease.", "content": "The EMI general purpose scanner in the evaluation of pancreatic disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023718"}
{"pmid": "1023719", "title": "Computerized tomography and ultrasonography in pancratitis.", "content": "Computerized tomography and ultrasonography in pancratitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023719"}
{"pmid": "1023722", "title": "Ultrasonic diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.", "content": "Ultrasonic diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023722"}
{"pmid": "1023726", "title": "The pancreas, a correlation of function, structure and histopathology.", "content": "The pancreas, a correlation of function, structure and histopathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023726"}
{"pmid": "1023735", "title": "Iron turnover in chronic hepatitis.", "content": "Iron turnover in chronic hepatitis. Radioisotope studies of iron kinetics carried out in patients with chronic hepatitis yielded the following results. Serum iron level and free iron binding capacity showed little difference from the normal mean value. All three types studied (chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis) revealed an abnormal distribution of iron in the first 24 hours. Normalization of iron distribution ensued in persistent hepatitis and in chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis, but in chronic active hepatitis the abnormal distribution persisted, as reflected by a decreased iron utilization and an increased iron storage in the liver. The cause of this is attributed to a transitory accumulation of ferritin in the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023735"}
{"pmid": "1023739", "title": "The distribution of 3H-gastrin and 14C-pentagastrin in the blood and lymph of rats.", "content": "The distribution of 3H-gastrin and 14C-pentagastrin in the blood and lymph of rats. 3H-gastrin (0.83 mug/rat) or 14C-glycine-pentapeptide amide (100 mug/rat) were injected into the femoral vein in various groups of rats and radioactivity was measured in the arterial blood plasma and thoracic duct lymph in consecutive 5--10 min. periods for 60 minutes. Radioactivity excreted in the bile for 30 minutes was injected into the blood and lymph was followed for 120 minutes. It has been observed that labelled gastrin or pentagastrin activity reaches its peak in the plasma in the 5th minute after intravenous injection. Next, activity in  the plasma decreased after the injection of labelled gastrin, but remained unchanged after the injection of labelled pentagastrin. In the lymph, radioactivity reached its peak value between 5--15 min. after the injection of the labelled hormones. This peak value was two- to threefold of plasma radioactivity measured at the  same periods.  After the intravenous injection of labelled pentagastrin radioactivity was excreted in the bile; injecting this radioactive bile into the jejunal lumen, radioactivity was reabsorbed mainly into the blood circulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023739"}
{"pmid": "1023737", "title": "Surgical treatment of Cushing's disease caused by adrenocortical hyperplasia: experiences with bilateral adrenalectomy.", "content": "Surgical treatment of Cushing's disease caused by adrenocortical hyperplasia: experiences with bilateral adrenalectomy. Experience with the surgical treatment of hypercorticism caused by bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia in 16 patients is discussed. The treatment of choice is bilateral total adrenalectomy. Following subtotal adrenalectomy recurrence occurred in three of six patients; a third operation was needed in two cases, while permanent hypadrenia developed in the third. There was no operative mortality. One patient died 9 years after surgery, but the death was not related to the original disease. The clinical symptoms of hypercorticism subsided in every totally adrenalectomized patient. Indication and contraindication of adrenalectomy, the surgical method, and the problems of pre- and postoperative treatment are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023737"}
{"pmid": "1023736", "title": "Immune reactivity in subjects remaining tuberculin-negative after repeated BCG vaccination.", "content": "Immune reactivity in subjects remaining tuberculin-negative after repeated BCG vaccination. Thirty-four children of 12 years mean age having had 3 to 5 BCG vaccinations owing to tuberculin negativity, were subjected to cellular and humoral immune assays (tuberculin skin test, leucocyte migration test, lymphocyte transformation test, estimation of serum IgG, IgA, and IgM levels). It was found that nonreactivity may cease by the age of 11 to 12 years. At the time of study 21 of the 34 children were already tuberculin-positive and only 13 failed to react to 5 TU. The studies confirmed the presence of combined immune deficiencies (negative tuberculin test, negative leucocyte migration test, abnormal immunoglobulin levels) as well as of changes confined to the individual immunoglobulin classes. In the case-history recurrent febrile diseases were found to occur more frequently between the 1st and 6th year of life than between 6 and 12 years of age. It is suggested that nonreactivity to tuberculin results from a congenital partial cellular immune deficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023736"}
{"pmid": "1023738", "title": "Distribution of caries among tooth types in fluoride and non-fluoride areas.", "content": "Distribution of caries among tooth types in fluoride and non-fluoride areas. A method is described for estimating the preferential caries protective action of fluoride on certain morphological types of permanent teeth. The results  of an analysis by this method, applied to data for 1164 Austrian school-children aged 6--14 years, are reported. There was no indication that fluoride would exert its caries inhibitory effect selectively on certain types of teeth. Tentative explanations are put forward for the only inconsistency within the general results observed in 11--14-year-old children having a total of 3 carious teeth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023738"}
{"pmid": "1023740", "title": "Enzyme inducing effect of muscular exertion in the rat.", "content": "Enzyme inducing effect of muscular exertion in the rat. The activity of hexobarbital oxidase in vivo was found to be higher in rats forced to swim regularly (sleeping time studies). The enzyme inducing effect of spironolactone and norandrostenolone was reduced in trianed animals. Inactivation of the inducing agents is suggested to be faster in animals trained by swimming. The difference observed between test and control sleeping times was ascribed to an increased capacity of the liver to inactivate hexobarbital, while an alteration of central nervous responsiveness could  be excluded since the difference in serum hexobarbital concentratios was negligible when the animals awoke. Elimination of canrenone (dethioacetylated spironolactone) was faster in trained rats. Immediately after the swimming exercise hexobarbital elimination was slower in both the trained and the control groups. Accelerated elimination, a characteristic of physical fitness, could be observed to return 5 hours after terminating the exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023740"}
{"pmid": "1023741", "title": "The mast cells of the inner ear.", "content": "The mast cells of the inner ear. The presence of mast cells in the subepithelial connective tissue of the human endolymphatic sac has, to the best of our knowledge for the first time, been described. A hypothesis has been put forward in which these cells, which are known to contain histamin, heparin and serotonin, play an important role in the physiologic functions of the endolymphatic sac as well as in some pathologic states of the inner ear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023741"}
{"pmid": "1023727", "title": "Functional exploration of chronic pancreatitis by duodenal intubation. Comparative study of the Lundh meal and duodenal hormones based on a survey of literature. Secretin-caerulein test carried out by the authors. Prospective conclusions.", "content": "Functional exploration of chronic pancreatitis by duodenal intubation. Comparative study of the Lundh meal and duodenal hormones based on a survey of literature. Secretin-caerulein test carried out by the authors. Prospective conclusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023727"}
{"pmid": "1023754", "title": "The prevention of coronary atherosclerosis.", "content": "The prevention of coronary atherosclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023754"}
{"pmid": "1023755", "title": "Fatal tubulo-intestitial nephropathy with chronic cholestatic liver disease.", "content": "Fatal tubulo-intestitial nephropathy with chronic cholestatic liver disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023755"}
{"pmid": "1023756", "title": "Oxygen tension in arterialized cutaneous blood and lung function in asthmatic children.", "content": "Oxygen tension in arterialized cutaneous blood and lung function in asthmatic children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023756"}
{"pmid": "1023757", "title": "Obligatory poliovaccination in Belgium: ten years after.", "content": "Obligatory poliovaccination in Belgium: ten years after.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023757"}
{"pmid": "1023758", "title": "Association of asymmetric crying facies, malformation of the ear and pulmonary agenesis.", "content": "Association of asymmetric crying facies, malformation of the ear and pulmonary agenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023758"}
{"pmid": "1023759", "title": "Complete type of double-inlet inverted left ventricle with L-transposition of the great vessels.", "content": "Complete type of double-inlet inverted left ventricle with L-transposition of the great vessels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023759"}
{"pmid": "1023761", "title": "DNA and RNA tumor viruses--molecular events of virus replication and cell transformation and role in human cancer.", "content": "DNA and RNA tumor viruses--molecular events of virus replication and cell transformation and role in human cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023761"}
{"pmid": "1023760", "title": "Intraneuronal indolamines in the central nervous system.", "content": "Intraneuronal indolamines in the central nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023760"}
{"pmid": "1023762", "title": "Steroid hormone regulation of gene expression.", "content": "Steroid hormone regulation of gene expression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023762"}
{"pmid": "1023763", "title": "Molecular and cellular mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis.", "content": "Molecular and cellular mechanisms of chemical carcinogenesis. Clearly, the technics of transformation in epithelial cell cultures bring us closer to understanding chemical carcinogenesis. Also clear is the need to develop new technics to evaluate the significance of viral particles found in tumors and to answer the basic question as to whether mutation or aberrant differentiation is the mechanism of chemical carcinogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023763"}
{"pmid": "1023764", "title": "The scientific base and challenge of cancer diagnostic research.", "content": "The scientific base and challenge of cancer diagnostic research. A multi-approach study of the diagnosis of the common malignancies is underway. Screening of asymptomatic patients and early diagnosis, with the aid of new and sophisticated methodologies may arrive at the diagnosis of cancer at an earlier stage (i.e., before the tumor has metastasized). Table 2 summarizes many of the newer methods which might be incorporated into such a study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023764"}
{"pmid": "1023766", "title": "Influence of geometry on growth of normal and malignant cells.", "content": "Influence of geometry on growth of normal and malignant cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023766"}
{"pmid": "1023767", "title": "The resting and growing states of the fibroblast.", "content": "The resting and growing states of the fibroblast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023767"}
{"pmid": "1023768", "title": "Tumor-specific immunity.", "content": "Tumor-specific immunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023768"}
{"pmid": "1023765", "title": "Cancer treatment combined modality approach.", "content": "Cancer treatment combined modality approach. Other approaches to determine whether patients have a high probability of metastases (and therefore no need for axillary dissection) have been the measurements of several circulating substances (e.g., polyamines, nucleosides, CEA and HCG). None of these are by themselves useful. There is a high percentage positive in those patients with metastatic disease (with up to 97% positive for either HCG, CEA, or guanosine (nucleoside). What we need is a correlation or a parameter of what the tumor cell number is, who to treat, and how long. Today's therapy is larger empiric. The ultimate goal is to individualize therapy. Figure 1 summarizes a planned treatment for a woman with a breast cancer in 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023765"}
{"pmid": "1023773", "title": "The development of meninges in chicken embryos.", "content": "The development of meninges in chicken embryos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023773"}
{"pmid": "1023769", "title": "Medical dominance. Psychoactive drugs and mental health policy.", "content": "Medical dominance. Psychoactive drugs and mental health policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023769"}
{"pmid": "1023770", "title": "\"Civil\" commitment of the mentally ill and the need for data on the prediction of dangerousness.", "content": "\"Civil\" commitment of the mentally ill and the need for data on the prediction of dangerousness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023770"}
{"pmid": "1023778", "title": "Some physiological aspects of genetic variation in the blood of sheep.", "content": "Some physiological aspects of genetic variation in the blood of sheep. The principal genetic variants in sheep red cells and plasma are listed. Current hypotheses as to how the L blood group antigen affects active potassium transport across the red cell membrane are summarized. Recent work on an inherited defect in amino acid transport which results in a red cell GSH deficiency is also described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023778"}
{"pmid": "1023779", "title": "The contribution of isozymes to alkaline phosphatase activity in chicken plasma.", "content": "The contribution of isozymes to alkaline phosphatase activity in chicken plasma. The contribution of different isozymes to plasma alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity was investigated in a White Plymouth Rock strain. No significant difference in AP acitivity between FF and FS genotypes was observed in both young chick and laying hen. As previously reported in young chickens, a significant difference in AP activity between F and S types was observed in laying hens. Of the total variance of AP activity 53%, 9% and 5% were explained by isozyme type, family and sex, respectively. The higher activity of the F band was responsible for the higher activity of the F type in the young chicken, while the activity of the B band of either type did not contribute to activity difference. The hypotheses are proposed so as to the activity difference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023779"}
{"pmid": "1023781", "title": "Observations on blood plasma postalbumins and hatchability of chickens.", "content": "Observations on blood plasma postalbumins and hatchability of chickens. In chicken blood plasma two bands have been observed in the region of postalbumins. The genetically determined faster migrating band PasA was present in the blood plasma of all tested males in the plasma of a majority of the females. The slower migrating band (PasB) was only observed in the blood plasma of laying females and never in the blood plasma of males and non-laying females. The genotype of individuals of which the faster migrating band was present was determined as AA and Aa and of those lacking this postalbumin as aa. An excess of females over males was found from mating of male Aa x female Aa and male Aa x female aa. At the same time the percentage of hatched eggs was lowered respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023781"}
{"pmid": "1023780", "title": "Biochemical gene markers in the gerbil Tatera brantsii from Lesotho.", "content": "Biochemical gene markers in the gerbil Tatera brantsii from Lesotho. Several geographically separated populations of the gerbil Tatera brantsii were investigated with protein and enzyme gene markers. Genetic variation was found in the following systems: serum albumin, 6-PGD, haemoglobin, esterase, IDA and GPI. No variation was found in the SDH and LDH systems. There appeared to be only slight differences in gene frequencies between populations. No real seasonal variation in any of the frequencies could be established.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023780"}
{"pmid": "1023790", "title": "Infection of congenitally athymic (nude) mice with Toxoplasma gondii.", "content": "Infection of congenitally athymic (nude) mice with Toxoplasma gondii. Nude mice, congenitally lacking most thymus-derived lymphocytes, are neither more susceptible nor more resistant against primary infection with virulent T. gondii cells than normal control mice. Both mouse groups died at the same time after intraperitoneal infection. Treatment with sulfadiazine protected both mouse groups against acute fatal disease. After termination of treatment with sulfadiazine the Nude mice gradually died, whereas the normal hairy mice survived. The latter had developed high amounts of antibodies and protective immunity to an otherwise lethal challenge infection. In the serum of Nude mice no antibodies could be detected. Pathologic alterations existed in the livers of Nude mice at the time of death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023790"}
{"pmid": "1023803", "title": "Motor function of the stomach of non ruminant mammals in comparison to the molity of the abomasum.", "content": "Motor function of the stomach of non ruminant mammals in comparison to the molity of the abomasum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023803"}
{"pmid": "1023791", "title": "Laboratory investigations on neuroparalytic accidents associated with suckling mouse brain rabies vaccine. III. -- Preservation of vaccine potency after elimination of murine brain myelin by centrifugation.", "content": "Laboratory investigations on neuroparalytic accidents associated with suckling mouse brain rabies vaccine. III. -- Preservation of vaccine potency after elimination of murine brain myelin by centrifugation. Myelin, which has been found in nine day-old mouse brain, was eliminated from weanling mouse brain suspensions by centrifugation at 17,000 g for 10 min, as demonstrated by electron microscopy and guinea-pig inoculation tests for encephalitogenic activity. This centrifugation procedure did not affect the potency of seven batches of suckling mouse brain vaccine, when centrifuged and non-centrifuged samples of the same batches were compared by a modified NIH potency test (t = 0.17). The present results with weanling mouse brain preparations suggest that centrifugation at 17,000 g be used in the preparation of rabies suckling mouse brain vaccine instead of the 1,900 g currently employed, which does not eliminate myelin. This new procedure would be expected to reduce the number of postvaccinal reactions which are attributable to the small amount of myelin which remains in vaccines prepared with new-born animal brains following the current procedure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023791"}
{"pmid": "1023804", "title": "Retained placenta problems with induced labour in cattle.", "content": "Retained placenta problems with induced labour in cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023804"}
{"pmid": "1023806", "title": "The effect of prostaglandin E2 on thyroidal secretion of hormonal iodine in the pig.", "content": "The effect of prostaglandin E2 on thyroidal secretion of hormonal iodine in the pig. The thyroid gland isolated in situ in 4 pigs was perfused with PGI2 given at increasing rates (1.38, 2.75, 13.8, 27.5 and 138 ng/mn). In the all animals a significant dose-dependent reduction in hormonal iodine secretion rate was observed. These results confirm in vitro experiments with PGE1 (Burke et al., 1972).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023806"}
{"pmid": "1023819", "title": "The surgeon and his complications.", "content": "The surgeon and his complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023819"}
{"pmid": "1023820", "title": "Mortality and complications in a department of surgery (1969-1974).", "content": "Mortality and complications in a department of surgery (1969-1974).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023820"}
{"pmid": "1023821", "title": "Thoracotomy under local anaesthesia: personal experiences in 215 cases.", "content": "Thoracotomy under local anaesthesia: personal experiences in 215 cases. The underlying pathophysiology and technic of thoracotomy with local anaesthesia for the surgical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and other intra- and extrapulmonary diseases is described. The immediate as well as the long term results in 187 patients with 215 operations were favourable. In view of these results the described method of thoracotomy with local anaesthesia  is to be preferred to an incorrectly administered general anaesthesia. However, it is beyond any doubt that in the presence of qualified anaesthetists and adequate equipment thoracotomy with general anaesthesia is preferable to local anaesthesia. However, wherever the conditions for expert application of general anaesthesia are lacking and surgical treatment of lung diseases is necessary, thoracotomy with local anaesthesia is an acceptable and reliable substitute.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023821"}
{"pmid": "1023822", "title": "Popliteal artery entrapment; claudication during youth.", "content": "Popliteal artery entrapment; claudication during youth. We report four patients who presented early in life with intermittent claudication, caused by popliteal artery entrapment. In three of them this was the result of an abnormality in the anatomy of the popliteal fossa. In the fourth, however, muscular hypertrophy alone led to arterial entrapment. Three patients were successfully treated by simple myotomy. In the fourth arteriography showed a total occlusion of the popliteal artery. An arteriotomy was performed. In was then seen that the vessel was still patent, and the opening was closed with a vein patch. The result of this procedure was also satisfactory. It is the authors' opinion, based on their own experience and that of other workers as reported in the literature, that vascular reconstruction is only indicated when irreversible vascular changes have occurred, or where other lesions have complicated the condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023822"}
{"pmid": "1023823", "title": "The alveolar soft-part sarcoma. A clinically malignant, neuro-endocrine tumor, possibly originating from the tissue composing the paraganglia.", "content": "The alveolar soft-part sarcoma. A clinically malignant, neuro-endocrine tumor, possibly originating from the tissue composing the paraganglia. The cases of two young women with alveolar soft-part sarcomas (ASPS) in one of the upper extremities are reported. The ASPS is a relatively rare malignant tumor of the soft parts that grows slowly and shows a predilection for the extremities; it occurs most often in young women. The tumor is deceptive in that the clinical impression is benign. So far, the only method of treatment is ample surgical excision. The tumor appears to be scarcely radio-sensitive and primary cytostatic therapy gives very little response. Histogenetically, the tumor is related to the neuro-endocrine paraganglion system. The long-term prognosis of the tumor is unfavorable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023823"}
{"pmid": "1023825", "title": "Ascites in benign disease of the pancreas.", "content": "Ascites in benign disease of the pancreas. Ascites in benign disease of the pancreas is a rare observation. One patient with this condition is discussed. The key to the diagnosis is the raise of the amylase and protein content of the ascitic fluid. The condition is caused by pancreatic juice oozing into the free abdominal cavity through a rupture of the pancreatic duct or a pancreatic cyst. Surgical treatment may result in recovery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023825"}
{"pmid": "1023824", "title": "Reduction mammaplasty followed by development of a bilateral non-synchronous carcinoma of the breast.", "content": "Reduction mammaplasty followed by development of a bilateral non-synchronous carcinoma of the breast. Case report of a woman who at the age of 26 underwent mammary reduction (strmbeck) for macromastia. A primary bilateral non-synchronous carcinoma of the breast was discovered 20 months and 5 years after the plastic surgery. On pathological examination lymph node metastases were not found in both instances. There was a positive family history of the occurrence of carcinoma. Mammography prior to mammary reduction is recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023824"}
{"pmid": "1023857", "title": "The conformational stabilities of tropomyosins.", "content": "The conformational stabilities of tropomyosins. The stability to denaturation by heat and guanidine hydrochloride of seven vertebrate (including skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscle) tropomyosins and three invertebrate tropomyosins was examined. The transition profiles were discontinuous and in many cases distinct plateaux were observed which indicated the presence of unique partially unfolded states at intermediate temperatures and guanidine hydrochloride concentrations. The denaturation by guanidine hydrochloride could be described in the majority  of cases by a model in which the native state unfolds to a partially unfolded stable intermediate which then unfolds to the completely denatured state. On this basis it was possible to estimate the free energies of unfolding in water. It was shown that part of the alpha-helical structure of tropomyosin is only marginally stable and the free energy of unfolding in water of this segment is less than values found for globular proteins, whereas another segment (or segments) has a stability comparable to that found for globular proteins. The stepwise unfolding may be explained in terms of the coiled-coil interactions in tropomyosin. Differences in stability were found between tropomyosins from different muscles of the same species as well as between species, no two tropomyosins giving the same denaturation profiles. The invertebrate tropomyosins showed a wider range of stabilities, that from scallop striated muscle being far more easily denatured than all the others. No correlation was found between the stability of tropomyosin and the type of regulatory system of the muscle. A comparison of the results from vertebrate and invertebrate species suggests that there has been no selection for proteins of higher or lower stability during the evolutionary time scale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023857"}
{"pmid": "1023858", "title": "Fatty liver and kidney syndrome in chicks. I. Effect of biotin in diet.", "content": "Fatty liver and kidney syndrome in chicks. I. Effect of biotin in diet. Fatty liver and kidney syndrome, a disorder of young chicks, was studied under laboratory conditions. Affected chicks had enlarged livers (hepatomegaly), an increased content of lipid in the liver, and an increased level of palmitoleic acid in the liver lipids. The disorder was observed mainly in chicks from young parent flocks, and was associated either with commerical diets which were subsequently found to be low in biotin, or with specially formulated low-biotin diets. A third factor, imposition of stress, was required to initiate the disorder. There was evidence of increased lipogenesis causing an increase of triacylglycerols in the liver lipids and an increased production of saturated fatty acids, particularly palmitic acid. Increased levels of palmitoleic acid resulted from an increased desaturation of palmitic acid. Under stress, affected chicks had low blood glucose levels, suggesting that gluconeogenesis was impaired. Since biotin-dependent enzymes are involved in both gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis, it would appear that the relevant enzymes respond differently to a deficiency of biotin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023858"}
{"pmid": "1023859", "title": "Preparation of metabolically active cell suspensions from wool roots.", "content": "Preparation of metabolically active cell suspensions from wool roots. A method is described for the preparation of metabolically active cell suspensions from plucked wool roots using the proteolytic enzyme trypsin. The suspensions consist of a heterogeneous population of cells which appear similar in morphology to follicle bulb cells, differentiating keratinocytes and possibly cells of the inner root sheath. The concentrations of trypsin and of inorganic ions for optimum activity of the suspensions have been determined, and the inclusion of EGTA was found to increase the yield of cells. The cell suspensions incorporate [14C]leucine, [3H]uridine and [3H]thymidine into acid-insoluble products, and are sensitive to the action of cycloheximide and emetine, but not to chloramphenicol or rifampin. Autoradiography has shown that the cells believed to be derived from the follicle bulbs show the greatest activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023859"}
{"pmid": "1023861", "title": "Sedimentation equilibrium studies on protein from kookaburra beak.", "content": "Sedimentation equilibrium studies on protein from kookaburra beak. Fractionated samples of the soluble S-carboxymethyl proteins from kookaburra beak (Frenkel and Gillespie 1976) were examined by equilibrium sedimentation. The molecular weight was found to be 11,300 when the photoelectric scanning absorption optical system was employed and 13,700 when Rayleigh interference optics were used. Possible explanations for this difference are considered and it is concluded that it must arise from heterogeneity of the protein. Optical rotatory dispersion measurements indicate that the proteins probably exist as random coils in dilute aqueous buffer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023861"}
{"pmid": "1023860", "title": "The proteins of the keratin component of bird's beaks.", "content": "The proteins of the keratin component of bird's beaks. Birds' beaks have an outer shell of hard keratin which consists almost entirely of proteins which are very rich in glycine [about 30 residues per 100 residues (residues %)], contain moderate levels of tyrosine and serine (each about 8 residues %), and which have relatively low contents of cystine (about 2-5 residues %), lysine, histidine, isoleucine and methionine. Major protein fractions in the S-carboxymethyl form isolated from the beaks of six different orders of birds have similar amino acid compositions, isoelectric points (pH 4-2-4-9) and molecular weights (13,000-14,500). Detailed chromatographic electrophoretic and compositional studies of the proteins of kookaburra beak reveal them to be a family of closely related proteins with only limited heterogeneity, in contrast to mammalian keratin systems. The major kookaburra beak fraction is similar in overall composition and molecular weight to fowl epidermal scale, kookaburra claw and turtle scute proteins and shows some resemblance to reptile claw protein. Beaks also contain small amounts of protein which are distinctly different from the major fraction but which resemble feather keratin proteins in composition and size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023860"}
{"pmid": "1023863", "title": "Boophilus microplus: cellular responses to larval attachment and their relationship to host resistance.", "content": "Boophilus microplus: cellular responses to larval attachment and their relationship to host resistance. The histology of early feeding lesions of the cattle tick B. microplus has been studied using 32P labelled larvae to standardize the duration of attachment. Critical studies were made on 3-h lesions in six separate experiments on different groups of British breed animals. Each group consisted of three animals--one previously unexposed to ticks, one of high resistance and one of low resistance. The degree of mast cell disruption, eosinophil concentration and degranulation, and the extent of epidermal vesiculation were all significantly greater at the site of attachment on highly resistant hosts. In previously unexposed animals there was no mobilization of eosinophils nor mast cell breakdown and no epidermal vesiculation. Possible immune mechanisms producing mast cell disruption and the infiltration and concentration of eosinophils are suggested, and the effect of eosinophil degranulation on larval attachment and feeding is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023863"}
{"pmid": "1023864", "title": "Metabolism of cystine by Merino sheep genetically different in wool production IV. Rates of entry of cystine into plasma, measured with a single intravenous injection of L-[35S]cystine, and the subsequent incorporation of 35S into wool fibres.", "content": "Metabolism of cystine by Merino sheep genetically different in wool production IV. Rates of entry of cystine into plasma, measured with a single intravenous injection of L-[35S]cystine, and the subsequent incorporation of 35S into wool fibres. Ten, 2-year-old Merino ewes from a flock selectively bred for high clean fleece weight (Fleece Plus) and ten from a flock bred for low clean fleece weight (Fleece Minus) were randomly divided between two dietary treatments: 600 or 1100 g/day of pelleted lucerne hay. After 14 weeks, each ewe received an intravenous injection of L-[35S]cystine (66-4 muCi). Venous blood samples were collected at 15 specified times until 8 h after the injections, and wool fibres were plucked until 65-75 days after the injections. Protein-free filtrates prepared from blood plasma were bulked within sample times for ewes from the same flock and dietary treatment. Equations relating the specific radioactivity of free cystine isolated from the bulked filtrates to time after injection contained three exponential terms. The entry rate and pool size of cystine estimated from these equations were greater in Fleece Minus than in Fleece Plus ewes (by 25 and 44% respectively for entry rate and pool size). Both traits were also higher in ewes offered 1100 g lucerne/day than in those offered 600 g/day (58-7 v. 33-9 mg/h for entry rate and 19-2 v 11-8 mg for pool size). The concentration of free cystine in plasma was greater in ewes offered 1100 g lucerne/day (3-0 v 2-1 mg/1; P less than 0-05), and greater in Fleece Minus ewes (3-0 v. 2-1 mg/l; P less than 0-05). The percentage of the injected radioactivity recovered in the wool clipped to day 70 post-injection differed between genotypes and between dietary treatments (P less than 0.05), being greater in Fleece Plus than in Fleece Minus ewes, and greater in those offered 1100 g lucerne/day than in those offered 600 g/day. The relationships between 35S incorporated per 1000 fibres (R) and time after injection (t) were best fitted by equations of the form (formula: see text). For all sheep, n = 3. The coefficient of the second term was significantly greater (P less than 0-05) in ewes offered 1100 g lucerne/day, whilst the constant of this term was significantly greater in Fleece Minus ewes. The specific radioactivities of cystine incorporated into wool fibres (SRf) during various intervals of time after injection were derived from these equations and from the measured rates of output of cystine in wool. The equations computed to relate SRf to time after injection (t) were of the form (formula: see text). Again there were three components. The coefficient of the third component was significantly greater (P less than 0-05) in ewes offered 1100 g lucerne/day, whilst the constant of the second term was significantly greater in Fleece Minus ewes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023864"}
{"pmid": "1023865", "title": "Transfer of sulphur to the digestive tract of sheep.", "content": "Transfer of sulphur to the digestive tract of sheep. The transfer of sulphate from plasma to digestive tract and from digestive tract to plasma in crossbred sheep was estimated by the use of isotope dilution techniques with Na235SO4. The passage of 35S along the digestive tract was simultaneously measured by reference to two inert radioactive markers infused intraruminally. In the first experiment, three sheep given a roughage-based diet containing 174 +/- 7 mg S/day received an intravenous infusion of Na235SO4 for 7 days before collections were made of plasma and of digesta from the rumen, abomasum and terminal ileum. Similar collections were made in the second experiment in which four sheep received intraruminal infusions of Na235SO4. From estimates of infusion rate of 35S, specific radioactivity of 35S in plasma and digesta and rate of flow of sulphur in the digestive tract the following calculations were made: The transfer of sulphate from the plasma to the rumen was calculated as 29 mg S/day. Of this only 12 mg S/day passed as organic sulphur in digesta from the stomach. As the net gain of sulphur in the stomach in this experiment was 153 mg/day, sulphate transferred from the plasma contributed only a small amount of sulphur derived from endogenous sources in the stomach. In contrast, the substantial passage of 35S into the intestinal lumen during intravenous infusion of 35SO4 suggested that 38 and 41 mg S/day of the 236 and 145 mg organic S/day flowing from the small and large intestine respectively was derived from plasma sulphate, corresponding to about 26% of the dose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023865"}
{"pmid": "1023866", "title": "Changes in plasma volume and haematocrit in intact and splenectomized sheep during feeding.", "content": "Changes in plasma volume and haematocrit in intact and splenectomized sheep during feeding. Changes in jugular haematocrit during daily 2-h feeding periods in trained sheep with and without spleens were compared with changes in the concentration of the plasma tracer radio-iodinated human serum albumin. Jugular haematocrit was increased by 16% in intact sheep and 9% in splenectomized sheep 20 min after they started to eat dry rations. The dilution of tracer in plasma, studied after mixing in the vascular system had been completed, showed four phases. Phase 1 was the rate of removal of tracer in the period before eating began. Phase 2 was the sudden increase in plasma radioactivity that occurred in the first 20 min of eating, indicating a loss of plasma from the circulation. Phase 3 was the decrease in tracer concentration during the remaining feeding period and phase 4 was a post-feeding phase, characterized by a slower rate of decrease of tracer than during phase 3, implying that there was significant recycling of tracer during this phase. The sudden increase in plasma radioactivity, initiated by the onset of feeding, represented a reduction in plasma volume of 10-12%. Minimum plasma volume coincided with peak haematocrit values. The reduced plasma volume accounted for the increased haematocrit in splenectomized sheep, but only accounted for about half of the increase in intact sheep. The residual increase in haematocrit in intact sheep was most likely the result of splenic contraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023866"}
{"pmid": "1023867", "title": "Disruption of the metabolism, motility and morphology of spermatozoa by injection of alpha-chlorohydrin into rams.", "content": "Disruption of the metabolism, motility and morphology of spermatozoa by injection of alpha-chlorohydrin into rams. Ejaculated spermatozoa from rams given intramuscular injections of alpha-chlorohydrin (25 mg/kg, daily for 5 days) were studied. Respiratory and glycolytic activity of the spermatozoa was almost entirely suppressed within 1 day and motility had decreased within 4 days of the first injection. Morphologically abnormal spermatozoa appeared in ejaculates after 2 weeks. The most common abnormality was an increase in the number of spermatozoa with looped or bent tails. There was little change in the fructose or amino acid concentration of the seminal plasma. All effects of alpha-chlorohydrin were fully reversible. It is suggested that the initial primary mode of action of alpha-chlorohydrin is to disrupt the metabolism of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023867"}
{"pmid": "1023862", "title": "Boophilus microplus: characterization of enzymes introduced into the host.", "content": "Boophilus microplus: characterization of enzymes introduced into the host. A number of enzymes, presumably secreted by larvae of B. microplus under natural feeding conditions, have been investigated in the skin of previously unexposed calves 4 h after infestation at the attachment site. Carboxylic ester hydrolase activity was demonstrated in the dermis, immediately adjacent to the mouthparts, or in the attachment cone, depending on substrate and reaction pH. The carboxylic ester hydrolase acting on naphthol AS-D acetate (2-acetoxy-3-naphthoic-O-toluidide) at pH 7-1 was characteristically found in the dermis and not in the attachment cone. The use of specific inhibitors showed that this enzyme was primarily a B-esterase or carboxylesterase with possibly a small portion of C-esterase or acetylesterase. It is postulated that carboxylic ester hydrolase could contribute to the dilation observed in the subepidermal capillaries adjacent to the attachment sites of unexposed animals, through the formation of plasma kinins. Other enzymes demonstrated in the dermis, adjacent to the mouthparts, were triacylglycerol lipase, as an aggregated deposit, and small amounts of aminopeptidase (microsomal) and monophenol monooxygenase. Aminopeptidase (microsomal) was also demonstrated in the attachment cone or adjacent epidermis, according to the substrate used. No activity was found in the host tissue, in association with the attachment site, for either alkaline or acid phosphatase, acetylcholinesterase or cholinesterase, peroxidase or amine oxidase (flavin-containing), despite the intense histochemical reaction for the latter in the tissues of larvae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023862"}
{"pmid": "1023870", "title": "Immunological testing in dermatitis.", "content": "Immunological testing in dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023870"}
{"pmid": "1023868", "title": "Oxygen uptake, glucose utilization, lactate release and adenine nucleotide content of sheep ovarian follicles in culture: effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin.", "content": "Oxygen uptake, glucose utilization, lactate release and adenine nucleotide content of sheep ovarian follicles in culture: effect of human chorionic gonadotrophin. A study has been made of the oxygen uptake, glucose utilization, lactate release and cellular content of adenine nucleotides of isolated sheep ovarian follicles (4-6 min in diameter) maintained in organ culture, and of the effects on these parameters of the addition of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG). The mean oxygen consumption of the entire follicles when freshly isolated and of the theca and membrana components was 0-56, 1-08 and 0-05 mumol per milligram wet weight of tissue per hour respectively. About 8 mumol of glucose was taken up and 16 mumol of lactate released per milligram wet weight of follicular tissue per hour during the first 24-h period of culture. This rate reduced by about 30% for each subsequent day of culture, but was significantly increased by the addition of hCG. The mean ATP content of theca and granulosa tissues was 4-6 and 2-8 nmol/mg wet weight of tissue respectively. There was no discernable change in tissue adenine nucleotide content or energy charge ratio during the 3-day culture period, and prolonged exposure to hCG was without effect. Untreated follicles produced both oestrogen and androgens throughout the culture period. The addition of hCG resulted in a transitory stimulation in oestrogen secretion, inhibition of androgen secretion, and a marked and sustained rise in progestin secretion. It is proposed that the increase in glycolytic activity following exposure to hCG may relate to the activation of the granulosa cells coincident with a transference of steroid synthetic capacity from theca interna to membrana granulosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023868"}
{"pmid": "1023869", "title": "Effects of progesterone and oestradiol on RNA and protein metabolism in the genital tract and on survival of embryos in the ovariectomized ewe.", "content": "Effects of progesterone and oestradiol on RNA and protein metabolism in the genital tract and on survival of embryos in the ovariectomized ewe. The hormonal regulation of metabolism in the genital tract and the development of embryos during early pregnancy in the ewe have been examined. Ovariectomized ewes received injections of maintenance progesterone, oestrous oestradiol and priming progesterone according to schedules designed to simulate endogenous ovarian secretion during early pregnancy, around the time of oestrus and during the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle immediately preceding oestrus. The survival and development of embryos was dependent upon the dose of maintenaince progesterone and the duration of treatment at the time of transfer, but changes in progesterone dose did not change endometrial protein or RNA metabolism on particular days. Both priming progesterone and oestrous oestradiol were required for normal embryo development. Priming progesterone and oestrous oestradiol each increased endometrial RNA/DNA ratios during early pregnancy. There were no interactions between priming progesterone and oestrous oestradiol, their effects being simply additive. Neither maintenance nor priming progesterone had any effect on protein and RNA metabolism in the oviduct. It is suggested that in the intact ewe oestrogen secreted at oestrus and progesterone secreted prior to oestrus play important roles in the establishment of a uterine environment suitable for the subsequent normal development of embryos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023869"}
{"pmid": "1023871", "title": "Clofazimine (laprene) in the treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Clofazimine (laprene) in the treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023871"}
{"pmid": "1023873", "title": "Whither dermatology?", "content": "Whither dermatology?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023873"}
{"pmid": "1023872", "title": "Mycobacterium marinum infection.", "content": "Mycobacterium marinum infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023872"}
{"pmid": "1023874", "title": "Dermatology in Penang, Malaysia.", "content": "Dermatology in Penang, Malaysia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023874"}
{"pmid": "1023876", "title": "Sweating--physiology and pathophysiology.", "content": "Sweating--physiology and pathophysiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023876"}
{"pmid": "1023875", "title": "Cutaneous melanocytes in Queensland patients.", "content": "Cutaneous melanocytes in Queensland patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023875"}
{"pmid": "1023877", "title": "The psychological aspects of sweating.", "content": "The psychological aspects of sweating.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023877"}
{"pmid": "1023879", "title": "The management of psoriasis. Current practice at the Royal Adelaide Hospital Skin Clinic.", "content": "The management of psoriasis. Current practice at the Royal Adelaide Hospital Skin Clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023879"}
{"pmid": "1023878", "title": "Surgical aspects of hyperhidrosis.", "content": "Surgical aspects of hyperhidrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023878"}
{"pmid": "1023883", "title": "Clinical usefulness of CEA assay.", "content": "Clinical usefulness of CEA assay. CEA is a normal constituent of fetal cells, which can reappear in entodermally-derived neoplasms, following a de-repression process. In order to evaluate the correlation between CEA serum levels, pathological stage and histological type of tumour, and to define the usefulness of CEA in monitoring the patients with gastroenteric neoplasms, 177 patients (62 with gastric heteroplasia and 115 with large bowel carcinoma) were tested for CEA; 83 patients had pre-surgical CEA tests. It was observed that CEA positivity (serum levels greater than or equal to 5 ng/ml, employing the technique here outlined), is higher in colonic than in gastric neoplasms, and in adenocarcinomas in comparison with undifferentiated forms, moreover depending on the pathologic stage. 108 patients were tested for CEA several times and a correlation between CEA variations and clinical evolution was observed. This investigation bears out the importance to monitor the patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms with CEA test, before and after surgery, to evaluate the usefulness of surgery and, when necessary, chemotherapy and, eventually, to adopt more suitable chemotherapeutic modalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023883"}
{"pmid": "1023886", "title": "Circulating IgE levels in hydatid disease.", "content": "Circulating IgE levels in hydatid disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023886"}
{"pmid": "1023885", "title": "Effect of some antiblastic drugs on HeLa cells.", "content": "Effect of some antiblastic drugs on HeLa cells. The antiblastic effects of the antimetabolites MTS, Ara-C, Bleomycin of the alkylating Thiotepa, of Peptichemio (alkylating and antimetabolic) and of Peptichemio-Bleomycin combination, were compared after 24 and 48 hr of treatment on HeLa cells. Ara-C, which inhibits typical mitoses, Peptichemio and MTX, which inhibit atypical mitoses, Thiotepa, which induces the highest percentage of pyknotic nuclei, showed a considerable effect on the nucleus. Peptichemio, and the combination Peptichemio-Bleomycin showed a significant effect on the cytoplasm (induction of vacuoles). After MTX and Peptichemio treatments, and after Peptichemio-Bleomycin combination (1 mug/ml), eosinophilic inclusions were evident both after 24 and 48 hr.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023885"}
{"pmid": "1023887", "title": "Colony forming activity, density distribution and morphological features of the stem cell population in primary myelofibrosis.", "content": "Colony forming activity, density distribution and morphological features of the stem cell population in primary myelofibrosis. In four patients with untreated primary myelofibrosis, the peripheral-blood cell growth in agar culture (frequency of clusters and colonies) was studied. As cell sources, were used either the buffy coat or the fractions obtained from an albumin discontinuous density gradient, prepared according to Dicke's technique. Besides the agar culture, also morphological features of the blasts of the granulocytic cell series of the gradient fractions were investigated, in order to relate the above-mentioned cell parameters. The results, taken as a whole, pointed out: a) increase in circulating CFUc's (expressed as the number/10(5) nucleated cells) in the patients, when compared to the controls; b) high percentage of CFUc's with an abnormal specific density (below 1.062 in 3 out of 4 patients); c) presence in 3 out of 4 patients, of two populations of blasts: one showing low specific density, small size, high N/C rate, high plating efficiency and no nucleoli; the other with a higher specific density and low plating efficiency, showing the typical morphological features of the myeloblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023887"}
{"pmid": "1023888", "title": "Immunological studies in cerebrospinal fluid of acute viral and tubercular meningitis.", "content": "Immunological studies in cerebrospinal fluid of acute viral and tubercular meningitis. The Authors studied the immunological characteristics of lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid, from children affected by acute viral or tubercular meningitis. A reduced P.H.A. response of C.S.F. lymphocytes was observed. The Authors emphasize the usefulness of applying some other specific markers of T and B lymphocytes to achieve further informations on immunological traffic of lymphocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023888"}
{"pmid": "1023889", "title": "Co-antibodies in human leptospirosis.", "content": "Co-antibodies in human leptospirosis. Investigations concerning the co-antibodies formed in the course of human leptospirosis and the extractive antigens of leptospiras were reviewed. As a whole, the results concerning leptospira antigens point, next to antigens of serotype, to genus-specific and intertype antigens deeply seated in the cells. These cannot be identified by the MAL test, and therefore are not related to the co-agglutinins in human leptospirosis. The associations of co-antibodies in human leptospirotic sera were analyzed, using the MAL and CF tests performed with 20 pathogenic and water serotypes of leptospira. The results showed that in the course of human leptospirosis high titer co-antibodies are formed, both agglutinating and complement fixing, variably associated for one or more serotype antigens not belonging to the infecting strain. The various biological interpretations of the phenomenon were discussed and the hypothesis of antigenic changes of leptospira strains in vivo as well as in vitro was discussed, as a determining factor in the formation co-antibodies in leptospirosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023889"}
{"pmid": "1023892", "title": "Correlation between clinical course and CEA levels during chemotherapy.", "content": "Correlation between clinical course and CEA levels during chemotherapy. In order to evaluate the correlation between clinical progress and CEA levels in gastroenteric tumours, particularly during chemotherapeutic treatment, CEA assay was performed on 330 patients (126 with gastric neoplasms, 204 with large bowel carcinoma). 175 out of these had a pre-operative assay. Moreover CEA test positivity (CEA larger than or equal to 5 ng/ml according to the technique employed by us) is higher in colon neoplasms compared with gastric neoplasms and in adenocarcinomas in comparison with undifferentiated forms; besides it depends on the pathologic stage. In colon tumours CEA test showed a higher positivity for left than for right forms (66.6% versus 38%). 240 patients were followed up with repeated CEA assays: the following observations were made: a - After radical surgery 72% of the patients shows normalized CEA values. b - In 198 patients who underwent radical surgery, not requiring chemotherapy, there was a close correlation between CEA levels and clinical evolution in 98% of the cases. c - 60 out of 68 patients (88%) submitted to chemotherapy for advanced neoplasms show a close correlation between CEA response to the chemotherapy and clinical response (p less than 0.001). These investigations stress, above all, the importance of CEA test to monitor the treatments performed (surgical and chemotherapeutic) and to adopt, eventually, more effective chemotherapeutic modalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023892"}
{"pmid": "1023893", "title": "Mycoplasmas in pregnant women and in newborn infants.", "content": "Mycoplasmas in pregnant women and in newborn infants. Mycoplasmas were isolated from 96 of 143 vaginal swabs of pregnant women on their first visit at the Prenatal Center. Ureaplasmas alone were isolated in a higher percentage than M. hominis alone or combination with Ureaplasmas. The isolated cultures at 36 weeks of gestation show no significant difference with the first visit isolation. Colonization of mycoplasmas were found in a higher percentage (93.3%) in the abnormal deliveries than in normal ones. Mycoplasmas were isolated also from throat swabs of 19 out of 141 newborn infants: the proportion of mycoplasmas positive infants was higher in low birth, weight children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023893"}
{"pmid": "1023937", "title": "Cytomorphologic changes in the cerebrospinal fluid sediment; a comparative study by cytocentrifugation and cytosedimentation techniques.", "content": "Cytomorphologic changes in the cerebrospinal fluid sediment; a comparative study by cytocentrifugation and cytosedimentation techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023937"}
{"pmid": "1023943", "title": "The action of the cerebral extracts of conditioned donors in the learning of avoidance responses.", "content": "The action of the cerebral extracts of conditioned donors in the learning of avoidance responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023943"}
{"pmid": "1023949", "title": "Porcine malignant hyperthemia IV: Neuromuscular blockade.", "content": "Porcine malignant hyperthemia IV: Neuromuscular blockade. The effect of tubocurarine and pancuronium on the initiation or prevention of porcine malignant hyperthermia (MH) was investigated in Pietrain pigs. Tubocurarine 0.6 mg/kg body weight inhibited a suxamethonium-induced response in three pigs, but failed to prevent a fatal halothane-induced response in a further four pigs. Pancuronium 0.2 mg/kg body weight was given to six pigs before a halothane challenge. Three animals developed MH and died; the remainder succembed only after reversal of the neuromuscular blockade. The partial protection afforded by large doses of pancuronium is discussed in relation to the ability of previous muscle activity to influence the sensitivity to halothane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023949"}
{"pmid": "1023950", "title": "Pancuronium bromide: an indirect sympathomimetic agent.", "content": "Pancuronium bromide: an indirect sympathomimetic agent. In the dog, pancuronium 0.2 mg/kg increased left ventricular systolic pressure and systemic arterial pressure, but did not change central venous pressure. Repeated doses produced diminishing responses and eventually no change in arterial pressure. After tachyphylaxis was established, a pressor response to pancuronium could be induced by an i.v. infusion of noradrenaline. Desipramine, a noradrenaline blocking agent, prevented the restoration of the pressor effect of noradrenaline. Guanethidine and reserpine abollished the restoration of the pressor response to pancuronium by noradrenaline. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that pancuronium acts on the postganglionic nerve endings and causes release of noradrenaline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023950"}
{"pmid": "1023951", "title": "A study of the effects of dexclamol as the neuroleptic component in neuroleptanaesthesia.", "content": "A study of the effects of dexclamol as the neuroleptic component in neuroleptanaesthesia. In a double-blind cross-over study in dogs, dexclamol was compared with droperidol as the neuroleptic component of a neuroleptanalgestic combination. Fentanyl was the narcotic analgessic. Neuroleptanaesthesia was induced with a mixture of the neuroleptic, the analgesic and nitrous oxide in oxygen. Dexclamol 200 microng/kg i.v. was as effective as droperidol at the same dose in inducing neurolepsy and in supplementing nitrous oxide anaesthesia. Changes in heart rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature in the animals treated with dexclamol were not different from those observed in the animals treated with droperidol. A comparison of the adrenolytic properties of dexclamol and droperidol was made on the isolated rabbit aortic strip. Both compunds produced a parallel shift to the right of the noradrenaline cumulative dose-response curves, indicating competitive antagonism. The pA2 values showed dexclamol to be approximately 15 times less potent than droperidol in inhibiting the noradrenaline-induced contraction of the rabbit aortic strip.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023951"}
{"pmid": "1023955", "title": "Reactions to intravenous injections of diazepam.", "content": "Reactions to intravenous injections of diazepam. Local reactions during and after i.v. injection of two different formulations of diazepam were studied. Two-thirds of the patients felt pain during the injection. Verfied or probable thrombophlebitis occurred with increasing frequency following operation, indicating a late onset. One month after discharge, 29% of those who had received diazepam in glycoferol-alcohol-benzoic acid complained of tender injection sites, compared with only 10% of the patients who received diazepam in cremophor EL. The difference is significant, indicating an influence of the solvent system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023955"}
{"pmid": "1023952", "title": "The effect of concentration on vasoactivity of bupivacaine and lignocaine.", "content": "The effect of concentration on vasoactivity of bupivacaine and lignocaine. In a double-blind trial bupivacaine 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5% and lignocaine 0.5, 1 and 2% were given intradermally to 31 volunteers. Vasoconstriction was observed more frequently at low concentrations of each drug, and vasodilatation at high concentrations. These observations were highly significant (P less than 0.001). Duration of action was unaffected by concentration, except in the case of bupivacaine 0.5%, the effect of which was longer lasting than that of other solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023952"}
{"pmid": "1023953", "title": "The influence of three antacids on the absorption and clinical action of oral diazepam.", "content": "The influence of three antacids on the absorption and clinical action of oral diazepam. Diazepam 10 mg given orally alone or with one of the three antacids (aluminium hydroxide 40 ml, magnesium trislicate 30 ml, sodium cirate 30 ml) was given in a single dose at random to 200 women undergoing minor gynaecological procedures. The concomitant use of aluminium hydroxide or sodium citrate hastened the onset of the soporific effect of diazepam marginally, while magnesium trisilicate tended to delay it. The estimation of plasma diazepam concentrations over 90 min in a similar series of 67 patients showed that the absorption of diazepam was increased significantly by the use of aluminium hydroxide, but there were no striking differences in the four groups. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023953"}
{"pmid": "1023954", "title": "Some pharmacological factors influencing the absorption of diazepam following oral administration.", "content": "Some pharmacological factors influencing the absorption of diazepam following oral administration. Plasma diazepam concentrations were measured by gas-liquid chromatography in samples of blood from adult female patients follwing diazepam 10 mg orally, alone or in combination with metoclopramide, morphine, pethidine or atropine. Patients receiving metoclopramide had higher plasma diazepam concentrations than those in the control group, while the addition of morphine, pethidine or atropine resulted in lower plasma diazepam concentrations throughout the 90-min period of the study. In the control goup peak plasma concentrations were reached by 60 min. The addition of metoclopramide increased the rate of diazepam absorption and peak concentrations were reached by 30 min, while morphine, pethidine and atropine reduced the rate of absorption with no apparent peak being reached by 90 min.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023954"}
{"pmid": "1023956", "title": "Anaesthesia and the reticulo-endothelial system: Comparison of halothane-nitrous oxide and neuroleptanalgesia.", "content": "Anaesthesia and the reticulo-endothelial system: Comparison of halothane-nitrous oxide and neuroleptanalgesia. The effect of halothane anaesthesia and neuroleptanalgesia (NLA) on the phagocytic activity of the reticulo-endothelial system (RES) was investigated with the aid of the Lipofundin clearance test. The results suggest that halothane in nitrous oxide depresses the phagocytic activity of the RES. NLA did not exert a depressant effect on the RES function. As it is essential for the body to be in a defensive condition to cope adequately with infensive condition to cope adequately with infection and cancer metastases, care must be taken to ensure that an anaesthetic procedure does not cause additional impairment of RES function. The results of the investigations suggest that NLA may have advantages in this respect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023956"}
{"pmid": "1023957", "title": "The influence of doxapram on postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery.", "content": "The influence of doxapram on postoperative pulmonary function in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery. An infusion of doxapram 250 mg in dextrose 5% compared with dextrose 5% alone in patients recovering from upper abdominal surgery was associated with a reduction in the degree of hypoxaemia after operation. This may be the result of a sparing effect on the functional residual capacity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023957"}
{"pmid": "1023960", "title": "Screen test for patients.", "content": "Screen test for patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023960"}
{"pmid": "1023961", "title": "Electronics and emergency medicine: speeding help to the patient via telemetry and telephone.", "content": "Electronics and emergency medicine: speeding help to the patient via telemetry and telephone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023961"}
{"pmid": "1023958", "title": "Intraocular pressures after suxamethonium and endotracheal intubation in patients pretreated with pancuronium.", "content": "Intraocular pressures after suxamethonium and endotracheal intubation in patients pretreated with pancuronium. Intraocular pressures were recorded after the administration of suxamethonium and endotracheal intubation in a series of 20 patients who had not received pancuronium 1 mg 4 min before the suxamethonium. The pressures were compared with those in a control group of 20 patients who had not received pancuronium. The increase in intraocular pressure which followed the suxamethonium and intubation, and which occurred in about 50% of the patients, was similar in both groups of patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023958"}
{"pmid": "1023959", "title": "A comparison of the incidence of cardiac arrhythmia during two methods of anaesthesia for dental extractions.", "content": "A comparison of the incidence of cardiac arrhythmia during two methods of anaesthesia for dental extractions. One hundred premedicated inpatients undergoing wisdom tooth extraction were divided into two groups of 50. Group A was anesthetized by a technique based on droperidol and phenoperidine, whilst group B was anaesthetized with halothane. The e.c.g. in both groups demonstrated a similar overall incidence of cardiac arrhythmia, but analysis revealed a significantly higher incidence of ventricular arrhythmia in group B. The heart rate was significantly less in group A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023959"}
{"pmid": "1023986", "title": "\"We the People...a unique heritage for institutional ministry\".", "content": "\"We the People...a unique heritage for institutional ministry\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023986"}
{"pmid": "1023987", "title": "The formation and function of a quality of life committee.", "content": "The formation and function of a quality of life committee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023987"}
{"pmid": "1023988", "title": "Should hospitals be regulated as utilities?", "content": "Should hospitals be regulated as utilities?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023988"}
{"pmid": "1023989", "title": "A Samaritan's struggle for humane and religious care.", "content": "A Samaritan's struggle for humane and religious care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023989"}
{"pmid": "1023990", "title": "The hidden benefits of required planning.", "content": "The hidden benefits of required planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023990"}
{"pmid": "1023993", "title": "Schizophrenia & rehabilitation.", "content": "Schizophrenia & rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023993"}
{"pmid": "1023991", "title": "Specialty distribution of physicians: congressional statement.", "content": "Specialty distribution of physicians: congressional statement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023991"}
{"pmid": "1023992", "title": "Executive vice president's rounds.", "content": "Executive vice president's rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023992"}
{"pmid": "1023994", "title": "The effect of foster home placement on psychiatric patients; observed changes and contributory factors.", "content": "The effect of foster home placement on psychiatric patients; observed changes and contributory factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023994"}
{"pmid": "1023995", "title": "Interdisciplinary workshop recommendations regarding the community placement of psychiatric patients.", "content": "Interdisciplinary workshop recommendations regarding the community placement of psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023995"}
{"pmid": "1023997", "title": "Community care services in Vancouver: initial planning and implementation.", "content": "Community care services in Vancouver: initial planning and implementation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023997"}
{"pmid": "1023996", "title": "A study of placement of the psychiatric patient.", "content": "A study of placement of the psychiatric patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023996"}
{"pmid": "1023998", "title": "Coast Foundation Apartment Project.", "content": "Coast Foundation Apartment Project.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023998"}
{"pmid": "1023999", "title": "Options for treatment of the schizophrenic patient.", "content": "Options for treatment of the schizophrenic patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1023999"}
{"pmid": "1024000", "title": "Whither approved homes? An analytical-descriptive study of the Parkland Region Approved Home Program.", "content": "Whither approved homes? An analytical-descriptive study of the Parkland Region Approved Home Program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024000"}
{"pmid": "1024001", "title": "The semi-community environment and the reintegration of the psychiatric resident: present status and outlook for the future.", "content": "The semi-community environment and the reintegration of the psychiatric resident: present status and outlook for the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024001"}
{"pmid": "1024002", "title": "Mental Health/Ottawa's Group Homes Project.", "content": "Mental Health/Ottawa's Group Homes Project.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024002"}
{"pmid": "1024003", "title": "Care, not treatment. A personal view from the U.S.", "content": "Care, not treatment. A personal view from the U.S.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024003"}
{"pmid": "1024004", "title": "The AFCR--administrative ischemia.", "content": "The AFCR--administrative ischemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024004"}
{"pmid": "1024005", "title": "Specialization as scientific advancement and overspecialization as social distortion.", "content": "Specialization as scientific advancement and overspecialization as social distortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024005"}
{"pmid": "1024006", "title": "Legislation and the future of medical specialization.", "content": "Legislation and the future of medical specialization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024006"}
{"pmid": "1024007", "title": "Internal medicine and the functions of the generalist: some notes on a new synergy.", "content": "Internal medicine and the functions of the generalist: some notes on a new synergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024007"}
{"pmid": "1024008", "title": "The primary care problem.", "content": "The primary care problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024008"}
{"pmid": "1024009", "title": "Ethical issues regarding case reports: to publish or perish the thought.", "content": "Ethical issues regarding case reports: to publish or perish the thought.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024009"}
{"pmid": "1024010", "title": "Psychosis. A poem written at the moment psychosis was burning out.", "content": "Psychosis. A poem written at the moment psychosis was burning out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024010"}
{"pmid": "1024017", "title": "Productivity and motivation.", "content": "Productivity and motivation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024017"}
{"pmid": "1024020", "title": "Drug therapy--governmental concerns.", "content": "Drug therapy--governmental concerns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024020"}
{"pmid": "1024013", "title": "Mechanisms for developing pharmaceutical services.", "content": "Mechanisms for developing pharmaceutical services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024013"}
{"pmid": "1024014", "title": "The pharmacist's role in the management of hypertension.", "content": "The pharmacist's role in the management of hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024014"}
{"pmid": "1024019", "title": "The human side of management.", "content": "The human side of management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024019"}
{"pmid": "1024016", "title": "The crunch cometh.", "content": "The crunch cometh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024016"}
{"pmid": "1024018", "title": "The design and implementation of a unit-dose system.", "content": "The design and implementation of a unit-dose system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024018"}
{"pmid": "1024015", "title": "Unit-dose in a 592-bed hospital.", "content": "Unit-dose in a 592-bed hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024015"}
{"pmid": "1024021", "title": "Preventive pharmacy care.", "content": "Preventive pharmacy care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024021"}
{"pmid": "1024036", "title": "A female case of Kallmann's syndrome.", "content": "A female case of Kallmann's syndrome. A case of 20-year-old woman with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia is reported, since very few female cases of Kallmann's syndrome have been reported so far in Japan. Three uncles on the father's side had no children. Height was 168 cm, and arm span 165 cm. The olfactory test revealed complete anosmia. Bone age was 13 year. Chromosome was 46 XX and normal karyotype. Basal levels of serum FSH, LH and estrogens (E1, E2 and E3) were low. Serum FSH and LH levels rose slightly only after LH-RH administration, and did not increase in clomiphene test. Plasma estrogens did not increase after daily injection of 150 IU of HMG for 3 successive days. The response of serum GH to arginine infusion was normal, while that to insulin-induced hypoglycemia was poor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024036"}
{"pmid": "1024022", "title": "The unit-dose study.", "content": "The unit-dose study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024022"}
{"pmid": "1024023", "title": "A study of unit-dose drug distribution in four Canadian hospitals.", "content": "A study of unit-dose drug distribution in four Canadian hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024023"}
{"pmid": "1024026", "title": "Review of combinations of antiasthmatic drugs by Saskatchewan Drug Quality Assessment Committee.", "content": "Review of combinations of antiasthmatic drugs by Saskatchewan Drug Quality Assessment Committee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024026"}
{"pmid": "1024027", "title": "Guidelines--drug monitoring in the Canadian hospital.", "content": "Guidelines--drug monitoring in the Canadian hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024027"}
{"pmid": "1024037", "title": "A transient increase in renal clearance of phosphate in response to continuous infusion of salmon calcitonin in rats.", "content": "A transient increase in renal clearance of phosphate in response to continuous infusion of salmon calcitonin in rats. The effects of intravenous carrier-free salmon calcitonin on renal clearances of phosphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium were studied in male parathyroid-ectomized (PTX) and intact rats. Both natural and synthetic hormone, when infused at constant rates (0.005 approximately 0.5 MRC U/hr), produced a rapid increase (peaking at about 60-90 min) in phosphate clearance. However, the maximal increase was transient in nature in PTX rats. In intact rats, the phosphaturic response was somewhat more pronounced and the decline after the peak was rather modest. When a large amount (4 MRC U) of calcitonin was given in divided doses, the second dose produced a lesser extent of phosphaturia in both intact and PTX rats. The phosphaturic response was accompanied by an increase in sodium and potassium clearances in PTX rats and by an increase in potassium clearance in intact rats. A fall in the apparent clearance values for calcium and magnesium occurred and was maintained throughout the infusion period of hormone in both intact and PTX rats. In conclusion, PTX rats respond to the intravenous administration of salmon calcitonin with a transient phosphaturic response which is accompanied by parallel diuresis of sodium and potassium along with sustained retention of calcium and magnesium by the kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024037"}
{"pmid": "1024024", "title": "Proposed selective immunization of Canadians against A/Swine strain of influenza.", "content": "Proposed selective immunization of Canadians against A/Swine strain of influenza.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024024"}
{"pmid": "1024025", "title": "Continuity with change. 1976 Lilly lecture.", "content": "Continuity with change. 1976 Lilly lecture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024025"}
{"pmid": "1024039", "title": "Development of the vaginal epithelium showing estrogen-independent proliferation and cornification in neonatally androgenized mice.", "content": "Development of the vaginal epithelium showing estrogen-independent proliferation and cornification in neonatally androgenized mice. Female mice of the C57 Black/Tw strain given 5 daily injections with 100 microng testosterone (T) or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from the day of birth showed estrogen-independent persistent proliferation and cornification of the vaginal epithelium in adulthood. The vaginal epithelium of the mice was essentially similar to that of the controls in histological structure during or shortly after neonatal injections of the androgens. In T- and DHT-mice aged over 20 days, however, a marked proliferation with or without superficial cornification took place in the epithelium lining the proximal and middle parts of the vagina (Müllerian vagina), while neither proliferation nor cornification occurred in the epithelium of the distal vagina (urogenital sinus vagina). On the second day of postnatal life in mice given a single injection with T on the day of birth, the mitotic activity in the epithelium of the middle vagina was heightened, but it dropped to the control level on the third day and remained low until 20 days. By contrast, the mitotic rates in the epithelium of the rest of the vagina in T-mice and of all parts of the vagina in DHT-mice were approximately the same as in the controls until 20 or 30 days. The mitotic rates in the epithelium of the Müllerian vagina were markedly elevated in T-mice at 20 days of age and DHT-mice at 30 days, and thereafter remained almost unchanged until 60 days of age. These results were different from the findings in mice given neonatal injections with the dose of estradiol-17 beta (E) capable of estrogen-independent vaginal cornification (Iguchi et al., 1976). The present finding seem to indicate that the mechanism involved in the induction of estrogen-independent vaginal changes by neonatal administration of androgen (T, DHT) is different from that following neonatal treatment with estrogen (E), although androgen and estrogen act directly on the vaginal epithelium of neonates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024039"}
{"pmid": "1024040", "title": "Ultrastructural characteristics of the vaginal epithelium of neonatally estrogenized mice in response to subsequent estrogen treatment.", "content": "Ultrastructural characteristics of the vaginal epithelium of neonatally estrogenized mice in response to subsequent estrogen treatment. Adult mice which had received 10 daily injections of 20 microng estradiol beginning with the day of birth were in a \"persistent-estrous\" state, showing ovary-independent proliferation and cornification of the vaginal epithelium. Ultrastructural changes of the vaginal epithelium in neonatally estrogenized mice was examined after a single postpuberal injection of 10 microng estradiol and compared with those seen in normal mice to estrogen. In ovariectomized normal mice, the basal cells were round. The nucleus was polygonal and contained peripheral condensed chromatin. After estradiol treatment, the basal cells became columnar. The nucleus was round to oval, containing dispersed chromatin. In neonatally estrogenized ovariectomized mice, the basal layer of vaginal epithelium consisted of round cells with polygonal nuclei, much as in normal ovariectomized mice. The nucleus occupied a large area of the cytoplasm and contained prominent nucleoli. Intercellular spaces were moderately distended. Late estradiol treatment resulted in distended intercellular spaces and in the appearance of the other cell type along with round cells in the basal layers: the columnar cells containing an oval nucleus with dispersed chromatin, resembled the basal cells in normal ovariectomized mice receiving postpuberal estrogen injection. The intercellular spaces between the columnar cells were narrow compared with those between round cells. However, the nuclei of round cells still had prominent nucleoli and peripheral condensed chromatin regardless of subsequent estrogen treatment. This fact suggests that these nuclei do not respond to estrogen. These results clearly show that the vaginal epithelium of neonatally estrogenized mice with ovary-independent persistent cornification consists of a mixed population of cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024040"}
{"pmid": "1024038", "title": "Occurrence of permanent changes in vaginal and uterine epithelia in mice treated neonatally with progestin, estrogen and aromatizable or non-aromatizable androgens.", "content": "Occurrence of permanent changes in vaginal and uterine epithelia in mice treated neonatally with progestin, estrogen and aromatizable or non-aromatizable androgens. Female mice of the C57 Black/Tw strain were injected daily with 100 microng testosterone, 50 microng testosterone propionate (TP), 100 microng 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or 50 microng 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone propionate (DHTP), for 10 days from the day of birth. Two other groups of female mice were given neonatal injections with 20 microng estradiol-17 beta and 100 microng progesterone for 10 days, respectively. All mice were ovariectomized at 60 days of age and killed at 90 days. In 100% of neonatally estrogenized or androgenized, ovariectomized mice, the cranial part of the vagina was lined with stratified epithelium with either cornification or parakeratosis or mucification. Stratification only or stratification with superficial squamous metaplasia or cornification took place in the uterine epithelia of 18% of the TP-treated, 75% of the DHT-treated and 50% of the DHTP-treated, ovariectomized mice. In contrast, neonatally estrogenized, ovariectomized mice did not show the estrogen-independent, persistent uterine changes. Neonatal progesterone treatment failed to induce the permanent changes in the vaginal and uterine epithelia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024038"}
{"pmid": "1024042", "title": "Radioimmunoassay for 11-deoxycortisol using iodine-labeled tracer.", "content": "Radioimmunoassay for 11-deoxycortisol using iodine-labeled tracer. A simple and sensitive radioimmunoassay for 11-deoxycortisol was developed. The antiserum produced in rabbits by immunizing with a complex of 11-deoxycortisol-3-oxime and bovine serum albumin (BSA) has little cross-reactivity with other endogenous steroids. The immunoassay procedure requires only one-step ethanol denaturation of binding proteins in plasma and extraction by an organic solvent can be omitted. Furthermore, use of 125I-labeled tracer significantly simplify the counting procedure. The method is sensitive enough to detect 1 microng/100 ml of 11-deoxycortisol. Plasma 11-deoxycortisol levels measured by this method after the administration of a single dose of metyrapone ranged from 5.0 to 19.2 microng/100 ml, whereas they were 0 to 4.0 microng/100 ml in hypopituitary patients. It is concluded that this simple method is useful for the routine assay of plasma 11-deoxycortisol as a parameter of the metyrapone tests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024042"}
{"pmid": "1024041", "title": "Clinical study on early changes in thyroid function of hyperthyroidism treated with propylthiouracil and a relatively small dose of iodide.", "content": "Clinical study on early changes in thyroid function of hyperthyroidism treated with propylthiouracil and a relatively small dose of iodide. In order to compare the acute effects of three kinds of antithyroid agents of iodide (I-), propylthiouracil (PTU) and PTU combined with iodide (PTU+I-) on thyroid function in hyperthyroid patients with diffuse goiter, serum concentrations of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), T3-resin sponge uptake (T3-RU) and free thyroxine index (FT4I) were employed as thyroid function parameters. In the group given iodine (1 mg/day) as iodinated-lecithine, the initial values of T4, T3, T3-RU and FT4I were 20.9 +/- 1.6 microng/100 ml (T4), greater than 740 ng/100 ml (T3), 49.5 +/- 2.3% (T3-RU) and 14.7 +/- 1.8 (FT4I). At the end of one week of therapy, they decreased clearly to 15.6 +/- 2.2 microng/100 ml, 457 +/- 87 ng/100 ml, 42.2 +/- 4.0% and 9.7 +/- 2.4. The so-called \"escape phenomenon\" from iodide inhibition was observed in serum T4, T3-RU and FT4I values at the end of two weeks of iodide therapy, while serum T3 continued to decrease but the value of T3 was far outside of the normal range. In the PTU group (300 mg/day), thyroid function parameters were 22.5 +/- 0.8 microng/100 ml (T4), greater than 592 ng/100 ml (T3), 54.9 +/- 1.0% (T3-RU) and 18.7 +/- 1.0 (FT4I) before treatment. They decreased continually week by week. At the end of four-week treatment with PTU, the value of each thyroid function parameter was 11.1 +/- 1.9 microng/100 ml, 229 +/- 56 ng/100 ml, 36.6 +/- 4.4% and 5.7 +/- 1.7. In the group of hyperthyroidism simultaneously given both PTU and iodide (300 mg/PTU and 1 mg/iodine), these thyroid function parameters decreased as well as in the group treated with PTU alone for more than two weeks. More rapid or significant decrease of T4, T3, T3-RU and ft4i in PTU+I- group than in PTU group was observed in the present study. These results suggested strongly that iodide alone was not an adequate therapy for hyperthyroidism as well known and they were also compatible with the idea that the concomitant administration of PTU and iodide was more effective in the early phase of therapy of hyperthyroidism than PTU alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024041"}
{"pmid": "1024048", "title": "Is this the year for National Health Insurance?", "content": "Is this the year for National Health Insurance?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024048"}
{"pmid": "1024049", "title": "Five steps to expanding facilities.", "content": "Five steps to expanding facilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024049"}
{"pmid": "1024055", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Food service.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Food service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024055"}
{"pmid": "1024056", "title": "New responsibilities for nurses.", "content": "New responsibilities for nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024056"}
{"pmid": "1024054", "title": "New use for the attitude survey.", "content": "New use for the attitude survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024054"}
{"pmid": "1024043", "title": "Tax free financing of a medical office building.", "content": "Tax free financing of a medical office building.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024043"}
{"pmid": "1024057", "title": "Controlling theft: the hidden drain.", "content": "Controlling theft: the hidden drain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024057"}
{"pmid": "1024058", "title": "Occurrence of uncommon Salmonella serotypes in human infections.", "content": "Occurrence of uncommon Salmonella serotypes in human infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024058"}
{"pmid": "1024059", "title": "Clinical and epidemiological studies on V. parahaemolyticus infection in Calcutta (1975).", "content": "Clinical and epidemiological studies on V. parahaemolyticus infection in Calcutta (1975).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024059"}
{"pmid": "1024045", "title": "Arbitration: alternative to litigation.", "content": "Arbitration: alternative to litigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024045"}
{"pmid": "1024060", "title": "Ocular leprosy.", "content": "Ocular leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024060"}
{"pmid": "1024061", "title": "Studies on human ascaris: purification of trypsin inhibitor.", "content": "Studies on human ascaris: purification of trypsin inhibitor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024061"}
{"pmid": "1024063", "title": "Poisoning by ergoty bajra (pearl millet) in man.", "content": "Poisoning by ergoty bajra (pearl millet) in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024063"}
{"pmid": "1024046", "title": "Accreditation and ambulatory care.", "content": "Accreditation and ambulatory care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024046"}
{"pmid": "1024062", "title": "T-strain mycoplasma in human genital tract infections.", "content": "T-strain mycoplasma in human genital tract infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024062"}
{"pmid": "1024044", "title": "The art of medicine.", "content": "The art of medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024044"}
{"pmid": "1024064", "title": "Diagnosis of recurrence of rheumatic fever in rheumatic heart disease--a re-evaluation of Duckett Jones Criteria.", "content": "Diagnosis of recurrence of rheumatic fever in rheumatic heart disease--a re-evaluation of Duckett Jones Criteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024064"}
{"pmid": "1024047", "title": "Medical director: man of many facets.", "content": "Medical director: man of many facets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024047"}
{"pmid": "1024052", "title": "Medical audits: one group's practical approach.", "content": "Medical audits: one group's practical approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024052"}
{"pmid": "1024065", "title": "Social class and psychiatric disturbance: a community study.", "content": "Social class and psychiatric disturbance: a community study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024065"}
{"pmid": "1024067", "title": "Is methemoglobin reduction test a true index of G-6-PD deficiency?", "content": "Is methemoglobin reduction test a true index of G-6-PD deficiency?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024067"}
{"pmid": "1024066", "title": "Effects of polycationic amines and streptomycin on the structure of N-ethylmaleimide treated rat liver ribosome.", "content": "Effects of polycationic amines and streptomycin on the structure of N-ethylmaleimide treated rat liver ribosome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024066"}
{"pmid": "1024069", "title": "Demonstration of immunological similarity between tumour antigen and tumour associated foetal antigen.", "content": "Demonstration of immunological similarity between tumour antigen and tumour associated foetal antigen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024069"}
{"pmid": "1024068", "title": "A simple apparatus and technique for crossed antigen-antibody electrophoresis.", "content": "A simple apparatus and technique for crossed antigen-antibody electrophoresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024068"}
{"pmid": "1024070", "title": "Plaque formation of dengue viruses in Vero cell culture under carboxymethylcellulose overlay.", "content": "Plaque formation of dengue viruses in Vero cell culture under carboxymethylcellulose overlay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024070"}
{"pmid": "1024071", "title": "Observation on second heterotypic dengue virus infection in mice.", "content": "Observation on second heterotypic dengue virus infection in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024071"}
{"pmid": "1024053", "title": "Foundations: the key to group growth.", "content": "Foundations: the key to group growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024053"}
{"pmid": "1024072", "title": "A study of chronic hepatitis in northern India.", "content": "A study of chronic hepatitis in northern India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024072"}
{"pmid": "1024074", "title": "Sero-epidemiological study of measles virus infection in and around Chandigarh.", "content": "Sero-epidemiological study of measles virus infection in and around Chandigarh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024074"}
{"pmid": "1024073", "title": "Serological evidence of arbovirus activity in birds and small mammals in Japanese encephalitis affected areas of Bankura district, West Bengal.", "content": "Serological evidence of arbovirus activity in birds and small mammals in Japanese encephalitis affected areas of Bankura district, West Bengal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024073"}
{"pmid": "1024075", "title": "Edwardsiella tarda in a variety of human infections.", "content": "Edwardsiella tarda in a variety of human infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024075"}
{"pmid": "1024076", "title": "Insecticide susceptibility studies in populations of Aedes aegypti from Maharashtra State, India.", "content": "Insecticide susceptibility studies in populations of Aedes aegypti from Maharashtra State, India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024076"}
{"pmid": "1024050", "title": "Automated patient billing: we did it our way.", "content": "Automated patient billing: we did it our way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024050"}
{"pmid": "1024077", "title": "Humoral immune response during pregnancy.", "content": "Humoral immune response during pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024077"}
{"pmid": "1024051", "title": "Collective bargaining.", "content": "Collective bargaining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024051"}
{"pmid": "1024078", "title": "Adrenocortical function in breast cancer.", "content": "Adrenocortical function in breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024078"}
{"pmid": "1024079", "title": "Comparative study of fluorescent and Papanicolaou's techniques for detection of carcinoma of cervix uteri.", "content": "Comparative study of fluorescent and Papanicolaou's techniques for detection of carcinoma of cervix uteri.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024079"}
{"pmid": "1024080", "title": "Influence of high dose of estradiol on ICRC mouse bearing transplanted mammary tumours.", "content": "Influence of high dose of estradiol on ICRC mouse bearing transplanted mammary tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024080"}
{"pmid": "1024081", "title": "Parathyroid preservation and transplantation.", "content": "Parathyroid preservation and transplantation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024081"}
{"pmid": "1024082", "title": "Epidermal prostaglandin and histamine in UV-induced erythema reaction.", "content": "Epidermal prostaglandin and histamine in UV-induced erythema reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024082"}
{"pmid": "1024083", "title": "An endoscopic and gastric secretory study of non-ulcer dyspepsia.", "content": "An endoscopic and gastric secretory study of non-ulcer dyspepsia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024083"}
{"pmid": "1024084", "title": "Cardiac action of Tribulus terrestris.", "content": "Cardiac action of Tribulus terrestris.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024084"}
{"pmid": "1024087", "title": "Neonatal meningitis.", "content": "Neonatal meningitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024087"}
{"pmid": "1024086", "title": "Acquisition of immunologic capacity by human newborns.", "content": "Acquisition of immunologic capacity by human newborns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024086"}
{"pmid": "1024085", "title": "Sensitivity of vibrio group of organisms to minocycline--a new tetracycline derivative.", "content": "Sensitivity of vibrio group of organisms to minocycline--a new tetracycline derivative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024085"}
{"pmid": "1024091", "title": "Triceps skin--fold thickness during infancy.", "content": "Triceps skin--fold thickness during infancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024091"}
{"pmid": "1024088", "title": "Serum proteins with special reference to immunoglobulins in premature Indian neonates.", "content": "Serum proteins with special reference to immunoglobulins in premature Indian neonates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024088"}
{"pmid": "1024089", "title": "Morbidity due to poliomyelitis in urban and rural area of Gujarat in pediatric population--a house to house survey.", "content": "Morbidity due to poliomyelitis in urban and rural area of Gujarat in pediatric population--a house to house survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024089"}
{"pmid": "1024090", "title": "Socio-cultural factors affecting breast feeding and other infant feeding practices in an urban community.", "content": "Socio-cultural factors affecting breast feeding and other infant feeding practices in an urban community. A study of infant feeding practices was carried out as part of a larger longitudinal study of an urban birth cohort in an area of South Delhi, India.  802 mothers of children over 1 year of age were selected randomly for interview.  The study group is considered to be a representative sampling of the economic, cultural, and ethnic groups within the population of all of Delhi.  Breast feeding was almost universal but for varying durations.  5.5%, 11.7%, and 22.8% of the children were breast fed for less than 1 month, 2 months, and 6 months respectively.  Literate and older mothers tended to breast feed for shorter periods of time.  Illiterate mothers, on the other hand, tended to prolong breast feeding unduly.  The sex of the infant and the duration of the urban stay of the mother did not seem to affect the duration of breast feeding.  Supplementation with liquid feeds, 50% diluted buffalo milk in the majority of cases, was begun rather early but the introduction of semisolids and solids was very often unduly delayed.  This was particularly true among illiterate mothers.  Thus, it is felt that a concerted effort to educate mothers, especially illiterate and underprivileged mothers, regarding the role of breast feeding and the benefits of supplementation feeding would improve infant nutritional status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024090"}
{"pmid": "1024093", "title": "Malaria in Madras city.", "content": "Malaria in Madras city.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024093"}
{"pmid": "1024092", "title": "Broncho pulmonary complications of measles: analysis of 100 cases.", "content": "Broncho pulmonary complications of measles: analysis of 100 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024092"}
{"pmid": "1024094", "title": "Pain abdomen-a clinical study.", "content": "Pain abdomen-a clinical study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024094"}
{"pmid": "1024097", "title": "A \"should\" that has become an \"is\".", "content": "A \"should\" that has become an \"is\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024097"}
{"pmid": "1024095", "title": "Myositis ossificans progressiva (a case report).", "content": "Myositis ossificans progressiva (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024095"}
{"pmid": "1024096", "title": "Congenital methaemoglobinemia (report of a case).", "content": "Congenital methaemoglobinemia (report of a case).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024096"}
{"pmid": "1024098", "title": "Aims, organization, and initial studies of the Cross-National Project.", "content": "Aims, organization, and initial studies of the Cross-National Project. The US-UK Cross-National Project is conducting a series of trans-Atlanti comparisons of psychiatric practice and psychiatric disorders. The inital studies investigated the large US-UK cross-national differences reported in the public mental hospital statistics on adult admission rates of schizophrenia and the manic-depressive disorders. Three general strategies were adopted: (1) semi-structured interviews with hospitalized patients aged 20-59 years; (2) rating of videotapes by samples of psychiatrists; and (3) systematic examination of case records. The results showed that routine hospital diagnoses were based on differing criteria in the two countries and it was this that accounted for the reported cross-national differences in admission rates. A method of making internationally reliable diagnoses was demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024098"}
{"pmid": "1024100", "title": "The geriatric mental status interview (GMS).", "content": "The geriatric mental status interview (GMS). The Geriatric Mental Status interview (GMS) is a semi-structured interview technique for assessing psychopathology in elderly patients. It is administered by a trained interviewer in a session of less than one hour. Between 100 and 200 question are asked and almost 500 items are rated. Twenty-one factor scores have been identified and the reliability of the ratings has been established. The interview is acceptable to the patient and is useful for making diagnostic distinctions and evaluation progress", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024100"}
{"pmid": "1024099", "title": "Assessment of the older psychiatric inpatient.", "content": "Assessment of the older psychiatric inpatient. Instruments, whether used in psychometrics or in other fields, must have a practical application if they are to repay the care spent in their use and development. The Geriatric Mental State schedule was developed in response to the need to answer the question whether functional psychiatric disorders were being misdiagnosed as organic brain syndrome and, if so, to what extent this influenced treatment and outcome. In the hospitals studied it was found that American psychiatrists were more likely to diagnose organic brain syndrome than British psychiatrists. Although elderly patients with affective disorder were less likely to be given American patients was as good, if not better, than the outcome in the British patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024099"}
{"pmid": "1024101", "title": "Reliability of psychiatric assessment in older patients.", "content": "Reliability of psychiatric assessment in older patients. A number of the causes of psychiatric diagnostic disagreement are discussed in this paper. The use of the Geriatric Mental Status interview to achieve diagnostic reliability is examined in three studies in which U.S.--U.K. Cross-National Project psychiatrists rated and diagnosed thirty-two British and twenty-one American patients. There were no systematic differences between U.S. and U.K. team members in their diagnoses; and agreement on six principal diagnostic categories was achieved in about three-quarters of the cases. The reliability fo the ratings of psychopathology that formed the basis for the diagnoses was satisfactory and is reported in detail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024101"}
{"pmid": "1024102", "title": "Distinctions between organic brain syndrome and functional psychiatric disorders: based on the geriatric mental state interview.", "content": "Distinctions between organic brain syndrome and functional psychiatric disorders: based on the geriatric mental state interview. Discriminant function analysis was employed to study the ability of the Geriatric Mental Status interview to distinguish between patients diagnosed by the project as having an organic brain syndrome or a functional psychiatric disorder. In both New York and London, patients with organic brain syndrome scored significantly higher (p less than 0.05) than those with functional disorders on the factors of impaired memory, disorientation and incomprehensibility and significantly lower on the factors of depression and somatic concerns. Discriminant functions calculated from data on the New York and London patients separately significantly distinguished not only the patients on whom the functions were based but the patients in the other sample as well.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024102"}
{"pmid": "1024103", "title": "The usefulness of a psychological test battery.", "content": "The usefulness of a psychological test battery. This paper discusses the usefulness of a battery of psychological tests administered to a group of psychiatric geriatric patients in New York and London, as an assessment of cognitive impairment. Two of the tests, the Paired Associate Learning Test, and the Digit Copying Test, were highly related to the diagnosis of organic brain syndrome or functional disorder made independently by a psychiatrist in a clinical interview. Prognostic predictions in disagreement cases were no better or no worse by psychiatric diagnosis than by psychological tests. Compared to a simple clinical test of disorientation derived from the psychiatric interview, psychological tests were more highly correlated to independent measures of patients' self-care capacity and duration of hospitalization, but equally related to psychiatric diagnosis. The verbal subtest proved to be the more useful of the psychological tests given. The logistics and difficulties of administering psychological tests to this specialized population are discussed, e.g. patients' physical limitations, communication problems; as well as efforts in this study to minimize these problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024103"}
{"pmid": "1024104", "title": "The performance test of activities of daily living.", "content": "The performance test of activities of daily living. A structured-performance test requiring patients to demonstrate selected activities of daily living was designed to objectively measure the self-care capacity of geriatric psychiatric patients. The background, rational, usefulness, and specific administration and scoring procedures are presented. The test is simple to administer and promises to be a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024104"}
{"pmid": "1024105", "title": "A measure of the fulfillment of health needs.", "content": "A measure of the fulfillment of health needs. Female patients, sixty-five of age and over, admitted to acute medical and psychiatric wards of a municipal hospital were observed directly and unobtrusively for a three hour time period every other day during the first two weeks of hospitalization. The behaviors of the patients and of those who interacted with them were recorded and later categorized according to fifteen activities defined as representing basic health needs. Behaviors were compared according to the outcome of hospitalization, discharge, transfer to another ward or institution, or death. Differences which distinguished patients who were discharged from those who died were found in the activities of movement, comunication, and learning. Behaviors observed at different points in time during hospitalization also were compared. This study is the first step in the development of an instrument to measure the perceived satisfaction of health needs of geriatric patients in institutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024105"}
{"pmid": "1024106", "title": "Axial deviations of the knee with secondary arthrosis. Correction by high osteotomy of the tibia and fibula.", "content": "Axial deviations of the knee with secondary arthrosis. Correction by high osteotomy of the tibia and fibula. The authors describe a surgical technique for high tibio-fibular osteotomy used eighty seven times to correct varus or valgus deviations causing arthrosis of the knee. Osteotomy of the tibia is carried out above the tibial tuberosity. Fixation is by two nails with a compression device. This allows immediate movement of the knee, thereby preventing stiffness. After forty five days the osteotomy is usually consolidated. Of the complications, only the neuro-muscular type is of importance and the possible causes of this are discussed. The overall results are good and the technique described has proved to be effective in the treatment of mechanical arthrosis of the knee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024106"}
{"pmid": "1024107", "title": "Surgical treatment of poliomyelitic scoliosis.", "content": "Surgical treatment of poliomyelitic scoliosis. Between 1968 and 1973 forty nine patients suffering from poliomyelitic scoliosis were treated surgically at the Rizzoli Institute. They were due to asymmetrical paralysis and contracture in the muscles of the trunk and limbs. Associated pathological conditions were found, such as pelvic obliquity, and vascular and trophic changes due to ganglionic lesions. The differing incidence and combination of these factors gave rise to various clinical types of spinal deformity. The average severity of curve was 39 degrees, the localisation was predominantly central, the average extent was ten vertebrae, and there was a marked predominance of right convexity (twenty nine out of thirty six). The rate of progression was maximum during puberty and almost negligible after bony maturity. It was greater in males and was unfavourably affected by the severity and asymmetrical distribution of the paralysis, by the early appearance of the disease, by high localisation of the deformity, and by the erect posture in patients who were ambulant. The most frequent visceral complications were in the respiratory system (ten patients with a deficit over 50%), followed by cardiac changes. Surgical treatment was adopted in patients with progressive curves over 60 degrees, because of the inevitable deterioration in their general condition and the tendency of the deformity to become fixed. Pre-operative correction by Halo-traction results (52% correction) than Risser plasters (38%). Posterior arthrodesis by Harrington's method was carried out in all the more recent cases (forty four). Post-operative plaster was maintained for eight months and then replaced by an orthopaedic corset. At bony maturity there was an averaged improvement of 35% in the angle of curvature, and an average improvement of 6% in vital capacity. The best corrections were obtained in patients under fourteen (42%), in dorso-lumbar scoliosis (40%) and in patients with curves above 100 degrees (38%). There was an average increase in height of 9.1 cms and a reduction in the gibbus of 3.4 cms. The complications included one traumatic pneumothorax, eight pseudarthroses, and breakage of the distraction rod in two cases resulting in complete relapse of the deformity. In six cases the upper hooks became loos and there were two cases of postoperative staphylococcal infection. In the distally sited curves our present policy is towards combining posterior arthrodesis with Dwyer's anterior interbody fusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024107"}
{"pmid": "1024108", "title": "A new total knee prosthesis: the \"total-condylar\".", "content": "A new total knee prosthesis: the \"total-condylar\". We have described the instrumentation and surgical technique of a new total knee prosthesis, the Total-Condylar, designed at the Hospital for Special Surgery (New York) and which we are the first to use in Italy. This prosthesis has evolved from the \"sliding\" prosthesis and seems to us to constitute a real step forward. The femoro-patellar compartment is completely substituted. The cruciate ligaments are removed, which markedly increases the possibility of correcting even severe deformities. The fixation of the tibial component is improved by the adoption of a short stem. The prosthesis has a certain intrinsic stability on weightbearing. The surgical technique is characterised by bone sections perpendicular to each other by the use of aligning instruments which simplify the operation. Our experience is just beginning (five cases) but our results so far are very encouraging and correspond to those reported in a very much larger series in the United States.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024108"}
{"pmid": "1024110", "title": "Gluteal fibrosis.", "content": "Gluteal fibrosis. After reviewing the literature the authors discuss the aetiology and pathogenesis of gluteal fibrosis. We believe that the condition occurs more frequently than is thought. If this is borne in mind when dealing with children from four to six years old, presenting with abnormal gaits, an early diagnosis can be made. As regards treatment, we agree with those authors who maintain that if diagnosed early the lesion can be treated successfully by physiotherapy alone. In more advanced cases, Z lengthening of the tendon is indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024110"}
{"pmid": "1024109", "title": "Osteofibrous dysplasia of long bones a new clinical entity.", "content": "Osteofibrous dysplasia of long bones a new clinical entity. A new clinico-pathologic entity is described. It is defined as osteofibrous dysplasia of long bones, and is based on twenty two personal observations to which are added seventeen cases from the literature. This dysplasic congenital lesion is clearly differentiated from fibrous dysplasia by clinical, radiographic and histological characteristics and by its clinical course. These features may be summarised as follows: 1) Slight predominance of the male sex. 2) Very early age of onset either at birth or in the first years of life. 3) Site almost exclusively tibial, sometimes also in the fibula. Localisation predominantly in the middle third of the tibial diaphysis, but sometimes in the distal or proximal third. In the fibula, it is always at the distal third. 4) The lesion is painless and generally causes bony enlargement. There is often slight anterior bowling and more rarely, slight varus of valgus bowing. Pathological fracture may occur; rarely there is a pseudarthrosis. 5) The radiographic appearances are very characteristic, with enlargement of the bone, intracortical osteolytic lesions with thinning or disappearance of the external cortex, sclerotic reaction on the medullary aspect, and narrowing of the medullary canal. 6) The histological features are also typical, consisting of fibrous tissue enclosing bone trabeculae lined by osteoblasts and a \"zonal\" architectural pattern. 7) Sometimes the lesion tends to heal spontaneously in the very early years of life; in other cases it is moderatley progressive. It relapses frequently after curettage, but such recurrences are generally non-progressive. In some cases slight anterior bowing persists permanently. 8) Surgery should be restricted to patients over the age of five in whom the lesion is extensive, with imminent or actual pathological fracture, and to the rare cases of pseudarthrosis. The results are good even in cases of relapse or pseudarthrosis. The correction of residual bowing, if indicated, can safely be carried out with one or more osteotomies at the age of ten to twelve years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024109"}
{"pmid": "1024111", "title": "Respiratory function in severe scoliosis before and after treatment (a review of 76 cases).", "content": "Respiratory function in severe scoliosis before and after treatment (a review of 76 cases). The authors carried out a study of respiratory function in seventy six patients suffering from severe scoliosis of different types; forty five idiopathic, sixteen poliemyelitic, ten congenital, and five neurofibromatosic. The age incidence was from a minimum of eleven years to a maximum of thirty three, with the average around fifteen years. The site of the deformity was predominantly dorsal (fifty cases), though there were also lumbar and dorso-lumbar types. The average angle of curvature (Cobb) before treatment was 110 degrees. Arthrodesis by the Harrington technique was carried out on all patients after correction with a Risser-type plaster in sixty nine cases, and Halo-traction in seven cases. The post operative period in plaster was about eight months. Spirometric tests were carried out before treatment, after preoperative correction, and two to three years after operation, always with the chest out of plaster. The results of these tests are expressed as percentage reductions in the maximum ventilation compared with the average normal values in the tables reported by Baldwin et al. (1948). The values obtained before commencing treatment showed that lumbar scoliosis even if very severe, never leads to severe respiratory deficits. There is no linear relationship between the severity of the curve and the respiratory deficit, though there is a general connection between them. Tests of respiratory function were carried out after corrective treatment, both before and after operation and at a two year follow up. There was an overall average improvement of 10% in the respiratory deficit, with a maximum of about 20% in a group of twenty two patients with the most severe deficit before commencing treatment. Follow-up three years after operation showed the improvement in respiratory fimction had been maintained. The authors conclude that arthrodesis by the Harrington technique does not diminish the respiratory gain achieved by pre-operative correction. On the contrary, it stabilises it and maintains it over the three year follow-up period of the present survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024111"}
{"pmid": "1024112", "title": "Reappraisal of the treatment of fractures of the calcaneus involving the subtalar joint.", "content": "Reappraisal of the treatment of fractures of the calcaneus involving the subtalar joint. From our findings it appears that no one method of treatment is infallible and that functional and anatomical restitutio ad integrum of the fractured heel cannot be obtained. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages and these are not only inherent in the method itself, but also depend on how it is applied. The treatment must be chosen according to the lesion and cannot be standardised because of the variable and complex nature of these fractures. Other factors to be considered are whether it is bilateral, whether there are multiple injuries, and the general condition of the patient etc. In fractures with depressions of the mixed horizontal type the Stulz method of treatment seems to be the best.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024112"}
{"pmid": "1024113", "title": "Classification and treatment of intercondyloid fractures of the humerus.", "content": "Classification and treatment of intercondyloid fractures of the humerus. The authors describe the satisfactory results obtained in sixteen intercondyloid fractures of the humerus, thirteen of which were treated surgically. The preference for surgical treatment in such fractures is based in the assumption that, as in all articular fractures, a good functional result can only be achieved if there is the most perfect possible reconstruction of the fragments and the joint surface. A classification is therefore suggested which is based not purely on anatomical criteria, but is also related to treatment and prognosis. The slendor nature of the distal end of the humerus and the danger of metal reaction call for the use of fixation devices that are efficient but slender, such as fine screws and crossed wires. The precise method of fixation is conditioned above all by the direction of the fracture lines. More solid fixation with early mobilisation can be achieved by compression screws, and less solid fixation with longer immobilisation is achieved by fixation with crossed Kirschner wires. Consequently, the more oblique types of fracture with fragments with long beaks that allow more stable fixation with compression screws have the more favourable prognosis. In the evaluation of results, the authors emphasize the importance of using parameters which take into account the functionally useful range of joint movement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024113"}
{"pmid": "1024114", "title": "Intraosseus lipoma.", "content": "Intraosseus lipoma. The authors present a case of intraosseus lipoma seen at the Orthopaedic Clinic of the University of Bari, bringing the total in the world literature to thirty cases. The tumour is a benign primary neoplasm of bone, made up of mature adipose tissue containing atrophic bone trabeculae. This affection is a definite entity quite distinct from parosteal lipomas arising in periosteum, fasciae and muscles which only affect the bone secondarily by compression or direct invasion. Emphasizing the extreme rarity of the tumour, the authors discuss its clinical, radiological, anatomical and pathological features. The differential diagnosis is with certain dysplasic and neoplastic lesions of bone such as: bone cyst, non-ossifying fibroma, aneurismal cyst, monostotic fibrous dysplasia, and solitary myeloma. Complete removal is followed by cure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024114"}
{"pmid": "1024116", "title": "The case for hospital-based epidemiology departments.", "content": "The case for hospital-based epidemiology departments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024116"}
{"pmid": "1024115", "title": "The dual role of the health organization physician.", "content": "The dual role of the health organization physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024115"}
{"pmid": "1024117", "title": "Who is running the show.", "content": "Who is running the show.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024117"}
{"pmid": "1024118", "title": "Why continuing medical education?", "content": "Why continuing medical education?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024118"}
{"pmid": "1024119", "title": "Use of an ultrasonic blood flow monitor for determining fetal viability in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). A preliminary study.", "content": "Use of an ultrasonic blood flow monitor for determining fetal viability in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). A preliminary study. Ultrasonic stethoscopy proved to be a reliable and convenient technique for determing fetal viability in Macaca mulatta. Examinations, begun at day 150 of gestation in 33 monkeys and between days 32 and 58 in four other animals, were repeated at intervals of one to seven days. The earliest time of detecting blood flow in the fetal placenta was 42 days of gestation, fetal heart sounds geing discerned later. Three types of fetal cardiac rhythms were recognized: (1) a constant rate during most of pregnancy, (2) fluctuations associated with uterine contractions during labor, and (3) sudden transient bradycardia during violent rotations of the cephalically presented fetus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024119"}
{"pmid": "1024120", "title": "Antenal sex determination using amniotic fluid of the baboon (Papio sp.).", "content": "Antenal sex determination using amniotic fluid of the baboon (Papio sp.). Antenatal determination of sex in the baboon was performed by evaluating the percentage of sex chromatin bodies present in the epithelial cells of amniotic fluid obtained during or immediately following cesarean section. Female sex chromatin patterns revealed a mean of 39.2% positive sex chromatin; the mean in males was less than 5%. This procedure is accurate and simple to perform. The precentage of sex chromatin bodies present in the epithelial cells of amniotic fluid obtained from baboons during, or immediately following, Caesarean section was determined by Cresyl ECHT Violet and Cresyl Violet Acetate staining.  The lowest percentage of sex chromatin for female fetuses was 20%, with an overall mean of 39.2%, while the highest percentage for male fetuses was 8%, with an overall mean of less than 5%.  With such well-defined patterns, the possibility of overlapping or confusion in interpretation is virtually nil.  The procedure is both accurate and simple to perform.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024120"}
{"pmid": "1024121", "title": "Surface architecture of the plant cell: biogenesis of the cell wall, with special emphasis on the role of the plasma membrane in cellulose biosynthesis.", "content": "Surface architecture of the plant cell: biogenesis of the cell wall, with special emphasis on the role of the plasma membrane in cellulose biosynthesis. Cell wall structure and biogenesis in the unicellular green alga, Oocystis apiculata, is described. The wall consists of an outer amorphous primary layer and an inner secondary layer of highly organized cellulosic microfibrils. The primary wall is deposited immediately after cytokinesis. Golgi-derived products contribute to this layer. Cortical microtubules underlie the plasma membrane immediately before and during primary wall formation. They function in maintaining the elliptical cell shape. Following primary wall synthesis, Golgi-derived materials accumulate on the cell surface to form the periplasmic layer. This layer functions in the deposition of coating and cross-linking substances which associate with cellulosic microfibrils of the incipient secondary wall. Secondary wall microfibrils are assembled in association with the plasma membrane. Freeze-etch preparations of untreated, living cells reveal linear terminal complexes in association with growing cellulosic microfibrils. These complexes are embedded in the EF fracture face of the plasma membrane. The newly synthesized microfibril lies in a groove of the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. The groove is decorated on the EF fracture face by perpendicular structures termed \"ridges\". The ridges interlink with definitive rows of particles associated withe PF fracture face of the innter leaflet of the plasma membrane. These particles are termed \"granule bands\", and they function in the orientation of the newly synthesized microfibrils. Microfibril development in relation to a coordinated multienzyme complex is discussed. The process of cell wall biogenesis in Oocystis is compared to that in higher plants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024121"}
{"pmid": "1024122", "title": "Nature and origin of patterns of changes in cell shape in embryos.", "content": "Nature and origin of patterns of changes in cell shape in embryos. Spatial patterns of the future elongation of cells exist in the early embryo. In the newt, such a pattern of changes of cell shape contributes to the formation of the neural plate. Regardless of where neural plate cells are transplanted, they change shape as prescribed by the pattern. Embryonic induction has a role in establishing this pattern.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024122"}
{"pmid": "1024123", "title": "Interactions of neurotoxins with the action potential NA + ionophore.", "content": "Interactions of neurotoxins with the action potential NA + ionophore. Four neurotoxins that activate the action potential Na+ionophore of electrically excitable neuroblastoma cells interact with two distinct classes of sites, one specific for the alkaloids veratridine, batrachotoxin, and aconitine, and the second specific for scorpion toxin. Positive heterotropic cooperativity is observed between toxins bound at these two classes of sites. Tetrodotoxin, a specific inhibitor of the action potential Na+ current, inhibits activation by each of these toxins in a noncompetitive manner (KI=4-8 nM). These results suggest the existence of three functionally separable components of the action potential Na+ionophore: two regulatory components which bind activating neurotoxins and interact allosterically in controlling the activity of a third ion-transport component, which binds tetrodotoxin. The dissociation constant for scorpion toxin binding is increased 10-fold by depolarization of the cells with K+, suggesting that the scorpion toxin binding site is located on a voltage-sensitive regulatory component of the ionophore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024123"}
{"pmid": "1024124", "title": "Interaction of charged lipid vesicles with planar bilayer lipid membranes: detection by antibiotic membrane probes.", "content": "Interaction of charged lipid vesicles with planar bilayer lipid membranes: detection by antibiotic membrane probes. A technique has been developed for monitoring the interaction of charged phospholipid vesicles with planar bilayer lipid membranes (BLM) by use of the antibiotics Valinomycin, Nonactin, and Monazomycin as surface-charge probes. Anionic phosphatidylserine vesicles, when added to one aqueous compartment of a BLM, are shown to impart negative surface charge to zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine bilayers. The surface charge is distributed asymmetrically, mainly on the vesicular side of the BLM, and is not removed by exchange of the vesicular aqueous solution. Possible mechanisms for the vesicle-BLM interactions are  discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024124"}
{"pmid": "1024172", "title": "Present role of teaching hospital in community health care.", "content": "Present role of teaching hospital in community health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024172"}
{"pmid": "1024173", "title": "Needed changes in medical education.", "content": "Needed changes in medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024173"}
{"pmid": "1024175", "title": "Project Poshak--an integrated health and nutrition large-scale study for rural preschool children. Central India.", "content": "Project Poshak--an integrated health and nutrition large-scale study for rural preschool children. Central India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024175"}
{"pmid": "1024174", "title": "A review of the District Health Administration Research Project.", "content": "A review of the District Health Administration Research Project.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024174"}
{"pmid": "1024176", "title": "Influence of private practice on integration of health services.", "content": "Influence of private practice on integration of health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024176"}
{"pmid": "1024177", "title": "Internship programme in medical education--an overview.", "content": "Internship programme in medical education--an overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024177"}
{"pmid": "1024178", "title": "The health centre in Japan--past, present and future.", "content": "The health centre in Japan--past, present and future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024178"}
{"pmid": "1024217", "title": "Significance of left anterior hemiblock--the Great West Life experience.", "content": "Significance of left anterior hemiblock--the Great West Life experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024217"}
{"pmid": "1024218", "title": "Corporate social responsibility in the insurance industry.", "content": "Corporate social responsibility in the insurance industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024218"}
{"pmid": "1024219", "title": "Coronary disease prevention.", "content": "Coronary disease prevention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024219"}
{"pmid": "1024220", "title": "Medicine and the law--current perspectives.", "content": "Medicine and the law--current perspectives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024220"}
{"pmid": "1024221", "title": "Health care in Canada.", "content": "Health care in Canada.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024221"}
{"pmid": "1024222", "title": "The medicine man.", "content": "The medicine man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024222"}
{"pmid": "1024223", "title": "Murmurs and mortality.", "content": "Murmurs and mortality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024223"}
{"pmid": "1024224", "title": "Clinical uses of frozen-thawed erythrocytes in pediatrics.", "content": "Clinical uses of frozen-thawed erythrocytes in pediatrics. Frozen red cells have a definite place in the mangement of a transfusion service even if one does not include its originally intended use -- inventory control. Undoubtedly, the benefits achieved from frozen red cells can be accomplished in less expensive ways. However the growth in transsplantion and intensive chemotherapy with its concommiatant uses of granulocyte and platelet support predict a greater upsurge in the use of frozen red cells in the very near future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024224"}
{"pmid": "1024229", "title": "Observations on morphology and significance of electrocardiographic waves of atrial fibrillation.", "content": "Observations on morphology and significance of electrocardiographic waves of atrial fibrillation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024229"}
{"pmid": "1024250", "title": "Comparative cytogenetic and cytologic study in malignant lymphomas.", "content": "Comparative cytogenetic and cytologic study in malignant lymphomas. The possibility of a cytogenetic-cytologic correlation with implications in the diagnosis, evolutivity and prognosis of malignant lymphomas was studied. Cytogenetic investigations were carried out comparatively in the lymph node and spleen lymphoid cells from 25 patients with malignant lymphomas and in normal subjects or patients with malignant tumors. The dominant malignant cellular type was found to correspond genotypically to the abnormal clone. In lymphomas with more differentiated cells the chormosomal abnormalities were limited to a single chromosomal group, while in those with less differentiated cells there were many clonal chromozomal abnormalities. The pathogenic significance of an extra-chromosome in the C-group (observed in most of the cases) is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024250"}
{"pmid": "1024254", "title": "Angiotensin II. Vascular reactivity and humoral effects.", "content": "Angiotensin II. Vascular reactivity and humoral effects. The vasopressor response to angiotensin II was found useful in the differential diagnosis of arterial hypertension and for a better understanding of its pathogenesis. Sodium supply was proved to influence significantly the pressor response to angiotensin II and not that to noradrenaline thus implying the presence of arterial receptors which bind angiotensin specifically. Angiotensin caused an increase of the urinary excretion of electrolytes in hypertensive patients and a decreased electrolyte excretion in normotensives. In most hypertensive patients angiotensin was found to decrease the plasma angiotensinogen and to activate the bradykinin-bradykininogen and fibrinolytic systems. In the presence of urinary infection angiotensin increased the platelet adhesiveness and the thrombelastographic changes proved that in this condition angiotensin increases the tendency to thrombosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024254"}
{"pmid": "1024253", "title": "The monophasic action potentials of the intact canine heart.", "content": "The monophasic action potentials of the intact canine heart. Monophasic action potentials were recorded in 7 mongrel dogs, endocavitarily, from heart in situ and from the epicardial surface with open chest thus revealing the characteristic configuration of the different chambers. The duration of the monophasic action potential showed a good correlation with the cycle length, demonstrated during endocavitary electrostimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024253"}
{"pmid": "1024252", "title": "Results obtained with the weight reducing regimens by varying the dietary caloric values.", "content": "Results obtained with the weight reducing regimens by varying the dietary caloric values. Eleven grossely obese females were placed successively on a 4 day total fasting diet, a 4-5 day hypocaloric diet of 220 calories consisting exclusively of proteins and finally a 450 mixed calorie diet consisting of 15 g carbohydrates, 30 g proteins and 30 g lipids. At the beginning of the study and at the end of every dietary period, the weight free fatty acids, plasma glycerol, insulinemia, and growth hormone were measured and estimated. The nonsignificant changes of the biologic parameters investigated have led the authors to the conclusion that the 450 mixed calorie diet suggested by them is more favourable being better accepted by the patients and therefore more easy to maintain for a longer period of time even by out patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024252"}
{"pmid": "1024251", "title": "Transfer factor for the lung, airway obstruction and hyperinflation in chronic bronchitis and emphysema.", "content": "Transfer factor for the lung, airway obstruction and hyperinflation in chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The interrelationships of breath holding lung transfer factor (TCO) and transfer coefficient (KCO) with ventilatory obstruction (FEV1.0) and FEV1.0/VC) and hyperinflation (RV and RV/TLC) were studied in 37 patients with chronic nonspecific lung disease with a FEV1.0 of 1.5 litre or less classified as \"bronchitic\", \"emphysematous\" or \"intermediate\" according to Nash, Briscoe and Cournand (1965). No relationships could be found between TCO and airway obstruction or hyperinflation. KCO tended to decrease as RV increased (r=-0.26) and was weakly related to the FEV1.0/VC ratio in \"intermediate\" (r=0.34) and \"emphysema\" (r=0.29) patients but these relationships were nonsignificant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024251"}
{"pmid": "1024256", "title": "Is rehabilitation of patients with chronic bronchial asthma possible.", "content": "Is rehabilitation of patients with chronic bronchial asthma possible. Based on his own experience and on the data in the literature the author considers that rehabilitation of adults with chronic bronchial asthma is possible at any stage of disease if there are no complications or morbid associations to prevent it. Rehabilitation of chronic asthmatic patients requires the close collaboration of several specialists such as allergologists, chest physicians, psychologists, physical therapists, balneologists, etc. Rehabilitation in asthmatic patients may only be considered successful if they resume full-time work (in case they had been in receipt of compensation), if the medical leaves are fewer and shorter and if the drug therapy is reduced or null. The author considers that since bronchial asthma in the whole population of Romania has an incidence of 2.3-2.9% rehabilitation, though costly and sometimes \"desperate\", is still worth while trying for its medical, economical and psychological implications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024256"}
{"pmid": "1024260", "title": "Disturbances of cellular immunity in rheumatic fever.", "content": "Disturbances of cellular immunity in rheumatic fever. The alteration of cellular reactivity was investigated in 20 patients with rheumatic fever at the first rheumatic attack or in relapse with confirmed heart damage. The results obtained by studying in parallel ESR, the ASLO titer, IDR to streptococci and the degree of leukocyte migration inhibition proved that the onset of rheumatic attack was preceded by a deep disturbance of the cellular immunity. The migration inhibition values were between 50 and 60% (as compared with 10% in the normal controls) in over 85% of the patients investigated. It is emphasized that the selection of cases of streptococcal angina should be made very carefully and that sometimes it is necessary to use a more specific method for the detection of rheumatic fever in its preclinical stage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024260"}
{"pmid": "1024259", "title": "Spontaneous aorta and coronary lesions in mountain mammals. I. The Carpathian deer (Cervus elaphus).", "content": "Spontaneous aorta and coronary lesions in mountain mammals. I. The Carpathian deer (Cervus elaphus). Arterial lesions were investigated in 48 adult wild Carpathian deers (Cervus elaphus). Aortas from 36 animals and fragments from the main coronary trunks of all the animals were studied histologically and histochemically. In 44.4% of the animals the specimens studied presented gross intimal lesions in the aorta consisting histologically of fibrous plaques (especially situated in the thoracic segment) and/or intimal musculo-elastic thickenings with lipid deposits or fatty streaks (especially in the abdominal segments). In only 5 of the 48 animals the coronary arteries presented slight intimal thickenings, free of lipids. The results obtained are discussed in relation with the possible effect of natural nutrition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024259"}
{"pmid": "1024261", "title": "Electrocardiographic diagnosis of experimentally-induced myocardial infarction during cardiac electrostimulation.", "content": "Electrocardiographic diagnosis of experimentally-induced myocardial infarction during cardiac electrostimulation. The sequential ECG changes were studied by the Sodi-Pallares' method in 10 dogs before and after experimentally induced myocardial infarction of the left ventricle during right and left artificial stimulation. Right ventricular endocardial stimulation produced patterns of left bundle branch block in 9 dogs and of right bundle branch block in one, while left ventricular stimulation caused right bundle branche block patterns in 9 animals. Records during right ventricular stimulation after myocardial infarction showed in the peripheral leads myocardial necrosis only in two animals, while in the epicardial leads necrosis was certain in 2 animals (Q wave) probable in 6 (S-T segment elevation) and suggestive in 2 (T wave negativity). Myocardial necrosis during left ventricular stimulation was evident in the peripheral leads in 2 animals, probable in 6 and suggestive in one. The experimental data suggest that myocardial necrosis can be diagnosed in some cases during right and left ventricular artificial stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024261"}
{"pmid": "1024263", "title": "The mobility of the thinking process in aphasics.", "content": "The mobility of the thinking process in aphasics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024263"}
{"pmid": "1024264", "title": "A study of aminoacidemia and aminoaciduria in epileptic children.", "content": "A study of aminoacidemia and aminoaciduria in epileptic children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024264"}
{"pmid": "1024262", "title": "Observations on neurasthenia and neurasthenia-like syndromes in a group of women working in textile industry.", "content": "Observations on neurasthenia and neurasthenia-like syndromes in a group of women working in textile industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024262"}
{"pmid": "1024258", "title": "Breathlessness and blood oxygen tension in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema.", "content": "Breathlessness and blood oxygen tension in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. The dyspnea grade (MRC scale) was confronted with the arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) measured at rest in a group of 51 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease with moderate or severe impairment of ventilatory function (FEV 1.0 less than 1.5 1). For the group as a whole no correlation was found, but in the \"bronchitic\" subgroup (clinical-roentgenologic and biologic criteria) a tendency of PaO2 to decrease with the increase in dyspnea severity was apparent. The linear correlation coefficient did not attain the significance threshold owing to the limited number of observations (r = 0.46; p greater than 0.05).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024258"}
{"pmid": "1024316", "title": "Why don't they write about the good things?", "content": "Why don't they write about the good things?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024316"}
{"pmid": "1024317", "title": "Mandate, maintain, monitor: a model for hospital governance.", "content": "Mandate, maintain, monitor: a model for hospital governance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024317"}
{"pmid": "1024315", "title": "America's hospitals: what does the future hold?", "content": "America's hospitals: what does the future hold?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024315"}
{"pmid": "1024318", "title": "The legal perspective.", "content": "The legal perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024318"}
{"pmid": "1024319", "title": "Contract management: is it for your hospital?", "content": "Contract management: is it for your hospital?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024319"}
{"pmid": "1024320", "title": "The small hospital under multiple unit management.", "content": "The small hospital under multiple unit management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024320"}
{"pmid": "1024321", "title": "Accelerating the planning and construction process: tips from a developer.", "content": "Accelerating the planning and construction process: tips from a developer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024321"}
{"pmid": "1024322", "title": "How to negotiate with consultants and architects.", "content": "How to negotiate with consultants and architects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024322"}
{"pmid": "1024323", "title": "Physicians for the future.", "content": "Physicians for the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024323"}
{"pmid": "1024326", "title": "A health information system for the management of an integrated health service.", "content": "A health information system for the management of an integrated health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024326"}
{"pmid": "1024324", "title": "An integrated health service. Recent trends in health service patterns.", "content": "An integrated health service. Recent trends in health service patterns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024324"}
{"pmid": "1024325", "title": "Medical care in an integrated health service.", "content": "Medical care in an integrated health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024325"}
{"pmid": "1024327", "title": "Integration as a basis for the functioning of health care systems in large areas.", "content": "Integration as a basis for the functioning of health care systems in large areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024327"}
{"pmid": "1024328", "title": "Medical centres as an institutionalised form of integrated health service.", "content": "Medical centres as an institutionalised form of integrated health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024328"}
{"pmid": "1024329", "title": "An integrated health service. Formation of associations in public health.", "content": "An integrated health service. Formation of associations in public health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024329"}
{"pmid": "1024330", "title": "Integration of consumers and providers of health services.", "content": "Integration of consumers and providers of health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024330"}
{"pmid": "1024331", "title": "An integrated health service.", "content": "An integrated health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024331"}
{"pmid": "1024332", "title": "The application of computer techniques in health care.", "content": "The application of computer techniques in health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024332"}
{"pmid": "1024335", "title": "Psychiatric architecture and sociotherapy.", "content": "Psychiatric architecture and sociotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024335"}
{"pmid": "1024333", "title": "Psychiatry and architecture. The right to normal living conditions.", "content": "Psychiatry and architecture. The right to normal living conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024333"}
{"pmid": "1024334", "title": "Behavioural science and the rationalisation of architectural design.", "content": "Behavioural science and the rationalisation of architectural design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024334"}
{"pmid": "1024336", "title": "Architecture and psychiatry--what has been achieved?", "content": "Architecture and psychiatry--what has been achieved?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024336"}
{"pmid": "1024337", "title": "Discussion group 3: psychiatry and architecture.", "content": "Discussion group 3: psychiatry and architecture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024337"}
{"pmid": "1024338", "title": "Control of health care in an uncontrolled environment.", "content": "Control of health care in an uncontrolled environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024338"}
{"pmid": "1024339", "title": "Rationalising the American health care delivery system: a summary of the health planning and resources development act of 1974.", "content": "Rationalising the American health care delivery system: a summary of the health planning and resources development act of 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024339"}
{"pmid": "1024378", "title": "Morphological aspects of the rat kidney during compensatory growth.", "content": "Morphological aspects of the rat kidney during compensatory growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024378"}
{"pmid": "1024454", "title": "Central anticholinergic syndrome in anesthetic practice.", "content": "Central anticholinergic syndrome in anesthetic practice. Anticholinergic agents may lead to a syndrome described by Longo as the Central Anticholinergic Syndrome (CAS). Patients with this syndrome exhibit one or more of the following: though impairement, disturbance of recent memory, hallucinations, ataxia, excitement, drowsiness of coma. We have reviewed our use of anticholinergics and tried to correlate it with the occurrence of the above symptomatology and have treated 200 cases in which the CAS was diagnosed with physostigmine salicylate (0.04 mg/kg). We also successfully treated 2 cases of apparently central anticholinergic hyperpyrexia in the same way. We would suggest that physostigmine be included in the armamentarium of every anesthetist to combat anticholinergic poisoning by the wide range of presently used anticholinergic drugs. (Act anaesth. belg., 1976, 27, 45-60).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024454"}
{"pmid": "1024455", "title": "Data processing and anesthesia in a large university hospital.", "content": "Data processing and anesthesia in a large university hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024455"}
{"pmid": "1024453", "title": "A simple, cheap, effective and safe procedure for general anesthesia.", "content": "A simple, cheap, effective and safe procedure for general anesthesia. A simplified, safe and flexible technique of anesthesia, based on a limited number of relatively cheap drugs, and allowing ventilation with air, was applied to 60 patients undergoing operations of at least 60 minutes' duration. The required depth of hypnosis was produced by intravenous diazepam or gamma-OH, whilst droperidol and fentanyl provided a satisfactory degree of sedation and analgesia. Pancuronium bromide was used for muscle relaxation. Spontaneous respiration was resumed immediately after postoperative use of nalorphine and neostigmine. The anesthetic course was smooth and predictable, with cardiovascular stability and an uneventful postoperative recovery. Emphasis is laid on the suitability of this procedure on the Battle Field or in Developing Countries, and on its safety (no toxic volatile liquids). (Acta anaesth. belg., 1976, 27, 25-34).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024453"}
{"pmid": "1024457", "title": "Respiratory neurons of the ventral respiratory nucleus of the rabbit and their vagal connections.", "content": "Respiratory neurons of the ventral respiratory nucleus of the rabbit and their vagal connections. The pattern of firing and responses to electrical stimulation of the ipsilateral vagus nerve were studied in respiratory neurons near the nucleus ambiguus (NA) in the region called \"ventral respiratory nucleus\". In 41 (out of 77) respiratory neurons orthodromic responses were recorded; the remaining neurons did not respond to stimulation. It is concluded that the NA neurons of the rabbit are not laryngeal motoneurons. Moreover, the short-latency excitatory response of some of these neurons, and long-latency inhibition of the other, suggest that NA neurons may be involved in the processing of vagal information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024457"}
{"pmid": "1024458", "title": "Significance of cranial circulation for the brain homeothermia in rabbits. I. The brain-arterial blood temperature gradient.", "content": "Significance of cranial circulation for the brain homeothermia in rabbits. I. The brain-arterial blood temperature gradient. The hypothalamic-arterial blood temperature gradient (THpr-TAC difference) was studied on 10 freely moving rabbits at ambient temperatures between 0 and 42 degrees Celsius. In cold environment, below 10 degrees Celsius the THpt-TAC gradient varied considerably, but some distinct correlations were found between vasomotor responses of the nasal mucosa and fluctuations of brain temperature, as well as between vasomotor responses of the ear pinnas and changes of the arterial blood temperature. Vasodilatation of the nasal mucosa or the ear pinna caused respectively a drop in brain temperature or in arterial blood temperature. Opposite changes were induced by vasoconstriction in those areas. Variations in THpt-TAC gradient resulted from oppositely directed vasomotor responses in the nasal mucosa and in the ear pinnas. At high ambient temperatures above 35 degrees Celsius thermal panting was accompanied by selective brain cooling with respect to the arterial blood. Blocking the heat loss from the nasal mucosa caused an increase of the THpt-TAC difference, and under these conditions brain temperature was determined solely by arterial blood temperature. The assumed mechanism of the selective brain cooling in rabbits is the exchange of heat through the neurocranial bottom, between the ventral brain and the spacious splanchnocranial venous lakes supplied with blood from the nasal mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024458"}
{"pmid": "1024460", "title": "Electrical stimulation of the hippocampus and acquisition of the conditioned avoidance response in shuttle-box in cats.", "content": "Electrical stimulation of the hippocampus and acquisition of the conditioned avoidance response in shuttle-box in cats. The effects of electrical stimulation and electrolytic lesions of the posterior part of the hippocampus on acquisition of the active avoidance response (AAR) in shuttle-box were studied in 35 cats. Both weak or strong hippocampal stimulation applied simultaneously with conditioned stimulus (CS) facilitated the acquisition of AAR. After discontinuation of stimulation the level of AAR performance in response to CS alone decreased in cats trained with the use of strong stimulation. However, if the stimulation was applied before each experimental session the level of AAR performance did not differ from that observed during the final phase of training. These changes of AAR were not observed in cats trained with the use of weak stimulation. The application of hippocampal stimulation alone did not evoke AAR in shuttle-box after training independently of stimulation parameters. There were no differences in the speed of AAR acquisition between unoperated cats, implanted controls and cats with lesions in the posterior part of the hippocampus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024460"}
{"pmid": "1024459", "title": "Significance of cranial circulation for the brain homeothermia in rabbits. II. The role of the cranial venous lakes in the defence against hyperthermia.", "content": "Significance of cranial circulation for the brain homeothermia in rabbits. II. The role of the cranial venous lakes in the defence against hyperthermia. Chronic experiments were conducted on five freely moving rabbits at ambient temperatures of 0-42 degrees Celsius. The influence of nasal mucosal thermal changes on the venous blood temperature inside the pterygoid plexus and on the temperatures at three intracerebral sites were investigated against the background of the carotid arterial blood temperature shifts. A correlation was found between: (i) the fluctuations in the nasal mucosal temperature reflecting its vasomotor responses, (ii) temperature shifts of the pterygoid plexus venous blood, and (iii) of the ventral brain. Mucosal vasodilatation caused parallel drops in both the plexal blood and brain temperatures. However, mucosal vasoconstriction was accompanied by increases in temperatures at those sites. Intracranial thermal shifts were independent of the arterial blood temperature changes. During motor activity in normothermia nasal mucosal vasoconstriction was present, and in that case brain temperatures exceeded arterial blood temperature. During rest, mucosal vasodilatation appeared and brain base cooled below the arterial blood temperature. During panting in dry heat, the brain base was cooler than the arterial blood by as much as 0.5 degree Celsius. The intensity of the selective brain cooling was directly proportional to deep body temperature. The blockade of the respiratory evaporation in heat elicited an increase of the plexal venous blood as well as brain temperatures above the arterial blood temperature. We conclude that the venous blood outflowing from the nasal mucosa exerts a cooling influence on the brain through the pterygoid plexus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024459"}
{"pmid": "1024461", "title": "Effects of electrical hippocampal stimulation on acquisition and performance of unidirectional active avoidance response in cats.", "content": "Effects of electrical hippocampal stimulation on acquisition and performance of unidirectional active avoidance response in cats. The influence of electrical stimulation of the posterior part of the hippocampus on acquisition and performance of the conditioned, unidirectional avoidance response was investigated in 26 cats. No significant differences in the speed of learning between stimulated and control animals were observed. However, electrical hippocampal stimulation with parameters 7/s, 100 microamps, 7/s, 200 microamps and 50/s, 100 microamps (1 ms square pulses of negative polarity) facilitated the performance of the avoidance response. Strong hippocampal stimulation (50/s, 200 microamps) caused inhibitory effects. Application of hippocampal stimulation before experimental sessions increased the performance level in comparison to sessions not preceded by hippocampal stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024461"}
{"pmid": "1024462", "title": "Instrumental reactions and food and water intake in medial amygdala rats.", "content": "Instrumental reactions and food and water intake in medial amygdala rats. Rats were trained preoperatively to perform instrumental reactions for food and water reward on a continuous reinforcement schedule. Two levers on two opposite sides of the Skinner box were available. Each press of the first lever delivered one drop of water and each press of the second lever - one pellet of solid food. After the electrolytic lesions of the medial part of the amygdaloid complex, rats were hypophagic and hypodipsic. Most of the animals showed, however, only small decreases of total unconditioned daily water and food intake. On the other hand, the instrumental performance was markedly impaired, in particular for water reinforcement. Histological verification showed that lesions were restricted to the amygdaloid complex and involved mainly the ventral part of medial nucleus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024462"}
{"pmid": "1024463", "title": "Effects of binocular deprivation of pattern vision on single unit responses in the cat superior colliculus.", "content": "Effects of binocular deprivation of pattern vision on single unit responses in the cat superior colliculus. Single unit responses in the superior colliculus of cats deprived of pattern vision from birth and of normally reared cats were studied in unanesthetized pretrigeminal preparations. Collicular units of deprived cats showed a diminished direction-selectivity but a somewhat better speed-selectivity compared to normals; they also preferred lowspeed stimuli, and reacted less frequently to diffuse flash. The impairment of direction-selectivity of collicular neurons may be partly responsible for the impairment of the pursuit eye movements in visually deprived cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024463"}
{"pmid": "1024465", "title": "John C. Leonard Award address.", "content": "John C. Leonard Award address.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024465"}
{"pmid": "1024464", "title": "Hemispheric differences in the visual analysis of the verbal and non-verbal material in children.", "content": "Hemispheric differences in the visual analysis of the verbal and non-verbal material in children. Five years old children, who could not read, and the same children at the aged of 7, who already knew letters, were used as subjects. A visual procedure involved presentation of single letters or a pair of letters randomly to the left or right of a central fixation point. Reaction time and number of correct identifications, showed by pressing a key, were indicators of the perception of letters. The children of five identified the letters with equal correctness, whether they were addressed to the right or to the left hemisphere, whereas the children of seven showed left hemisphere superiority.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024464"}
{"pmid": "1024466", "title": "Preparing teachers of family practice education.", "content": "Preparing teachers of family practice education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024466"}
{"pmid": "1024468", "title": "Functions and responsibilities of the Liaison Committee on Graduate Medical Education.", "content": "Functions and responsibilities of the Liaison Committee on Graduate Medical Education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024468"}
{"pmid": "1024469", "title": "Continuing education for competency in the smaller community hospital.", "content": "Continuing education for competency in the smaller community hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024469"}
{"pmid": "1024467", "title": "Planning CME programs that fit staff interests: patient-problem inventory.", "content": "Planning CME programs that fit staff interests: patient-problem inventory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024467"}
{"pmid": "1024482", "title": "Effects of cold-shock on blood cells in a fresh water tropical teleost, Colisa fasciatus.", "content": "Effects of cold-shock on blood cells in a fresh water tropical teleost, Colisa fasciatus. Immersion of the adult female fresh water tropical teleost, Colisa fasciatus, in ice water at c. 2 degrees C for one minute immobilizes the fish. It, however, recovers within two minutes when returned to warm temperature. Hematological studies at recovery time intervals, viz., 3, 15 and 27 min and, later, at intervals of 48 min up to 363 min, and at 12 and 24 h, revealed significant changes in the abundance of leucocytes and thrombocytes: an increase in the number of leucocytes (leucocytosis) was evident from 15 through 123 min and at 267 min; normal leucocyte counts, were observed at 3, 171, 219, 315 and 363 min, and at 12 h and 24 h. Lymphocytes are the major leucocyte cell type in the blood. Thrombocytopenia occurred at 15 and 27 min, and thrombocyte counts were held at normal levels at other recovery time intervals. There was no change in the abundance of erythrocytes in response to the imposed stress. Shock susceptibility of the fish for variables measured was similar in experiments performed during six different months of one calendar year. In addition, no significant seasonal or diurnal changes were recorded in the abundance of circulating blood cells. The results reported here, for the first time on a tropical teleost, do not agree with previous results obtained from temperate teleosts by other workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024482"}
{"pmid": "1024494", "title": "Hodgkin's disease: an evaluation of radiotherapy results.", "content": "Hodgkin's disease: an evaluation of radiotherapy results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024494"}
{"pmid": "1024495", "title": "The radiological features of cerebral torulosis.", "content": "The radiological features of cerebral torulosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024495"}
{"pmid": "1024496", "title": "Anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery and its significance in selective femoro-cerebral catheterisation.", "content": "Anomalous origin of the left vertebral artery and its significance in selective femoro-cerebral catheterisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024496"}
{"pmid": "1024498", "title": "The accuracy of the barium meal in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the stomach.", "content": "The accuracy of the barium meal in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the stomach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024498"}
{"pmid": "1024497", "title": "Amyloidosis causing right middle lobe atelectasis.", "content": "Amyloidosis causing right middle lobe atelectasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024497"}
{"pmid": "1024499", "title": "Bolus intravenous injection of contrast and sequential opacification in the diagnosis of pelvic masses.", "content": "Bolus intravenous injection of contrast and sequential opacification in the diagnosis of pelvic masses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024499"}
{"pmid": "1024500", "title": "Roentgen interpretation of ureteral deviation.", "content": "Roentgen interpretation of ureteral deviation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024500"}
{"pmid": "1024501", "title": "Coeliac-axis artery stenosis with aneurysmal calcification of the collateral supply.", "content": "Coeliac-axis artery stenosis with aneurysmal calcification of the collateral supply.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024501"}
{"pmid": "1024502", "title": "Forearm bone destruction in leprosy.", "content": "Forearm bone destruction in leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024502"}
{"pmid": "1024505", "title": "Polycystic spleen -- an unusual cause of a left hypochondrial mass.", "content": "Polycystic spleen -- an unusual cause of a left hypochondrial mass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024505"}
{"pmid": "1024506", "title": "Further aspects of angiographic brain death.", "content": "Further aspects of angiographic brain death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024506"}
{"pmid": "1024503", "title": "Osteoporosis circumscripta cranii: its importance in brain scintiscanning.", "content": "Osteoporosis circumscripta cranii: its importance in brain scintiscanning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024503"}
{"pmid": "1024504", "title": "Clinical investigation on splenic aneurysms and Gamna-Gandy nodules.", "content": "Clinical investigation on splenic aneurysms and Gamna-Gandy nodules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024504"}
{"pmid": "1024509", "title": "Tc(Sn) gluconate -- a species dependent radiopharmaceutical.", "content": "Tc(Sn) gluconate -- a species dependent radiopharmaceutical.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024509"}
{"pmid": "1024508", "title": "Contamination incidents resulting from the use of a 99Mo-99mTc generator.", "content": "Contamination incidents resulting from the use of a 99Mo-99mTc generator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024508"}
{"pmid": "1024507", "title": "Whole body scanning with 67Ga in the investigation of patients with lymphomas and suspected lymphomas.", "content": "Whole body scanning with 67Ga in the investigation of patients with lymphomas and suspected lymphomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024507"}
{"pmid": "1024510", "title": "Gel permeation chromatography.", "content": "Gel permeation chromatography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024510"}
{"pmid": "1024514", "title": "Mass spectra of some intermediate compounds for the synthesis of prostaglandins.", "content": "Mass spectra of some intermediate compounds for the synthesis of prostaglandins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024514"}
{"pmid": "1024472", "title": "Certain parameters of pulmonary circulation dynamics and gas exchange in the lungs and morphotic changes in lung tissue in dogs during cardiac arrest and immediately after resuscitation.", "content": "Certain parameters of pulmonary circulation dynamics and gas exchange in the lungs and morphotic changes in lung tissue in dogs during cardiac arrest and immediately after resuscitation. The experiments were carried out in 33 dogs 60 min. to 12 hours after cardiac arrest was induced for 3-5 min by ventricular fibrillation. In 11 dogs closed chest cardiac massage was performed 30 min. and in 222 dogs defibrillation was used to restore heart function. The pulmonary and peripheral circulation was assessed on the basis of changes in arterial and venous blood pressure, cardiac output, vascular resistance, pulmonary shunting and capnographic determinations. The values of VA, VA/Vmin, V/Q, VDph, VD/VT, DuO2 and DuCO2, Pa-E'CO2, PaO2 were determined. Measurements of acid base balance, lactate and pyruvate levels and certain elements of blood clotting and fibrinolysis systems were performed. Moreover, lung biopsy was examined by light and electron microscopes. Functional determinations confirmed the presence of disturbances of lung perfusion and alveolar ventilation as well as disturbances in oxygen exchange at cellular level. The author suggests the term Resuscitation Lung Syndrome for these disturbances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024472"}
{"pmid": "1024473", "title": "The effect of bone cement used for stabilization of endoprostheses on blood clotting system activity.", "content": "The effect of bone cement used for stabilization of endoprostheses on blood clotting system activity. The authors carried out studies of the blood clotting and fibrinolysis systems in 15 patients undergoing total endoprosthetic replacement of the hip joint with a McKee-Ferrara type of prosthesis and stabilized by Surgical Simplex Acrylic bone cement (North Hill Plastics, Ltd. London). The observations point to statistically significant changes in the blood clotting and fibrinolysis systems with a tendency towards hypercoagulation and intravascular clotting (DIC). Fibrinolysis activation associated with these changes is secondary, resulting among others, from the mechanism of the action of free fibrin monomers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024473"}
{"pmid": "1024476", "title": "Electric stimulation in chronic headaches.", "content": "Electric stimulation in chronic headaches. Therapeutic electric stimulation in cases of chronic headaches was carried out in 150 patients. Migraine was diagnosed in 40 cases, common vasomotor headache in 63, cervical migraine in 24, Horton's neuralgia in 5 and complex headaches in 18 cases. The results are reported here, which were best in the cervical migraine syndrome, while in the typical migraine they were the least successful.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024476"}
{"pmid": "1024470", "title": "Experiences with dopamine in patients operated with the aid of extracorporeal circulation.", "content": "Experiences with dopamine in patients operated with the aid of extracorporeal circulation. In ten patients dopamine was used for counteracting low cardiac output during and after operations performed with aid of extracorporeal circulation. The changes of arterial and venous pressure, heart rate and one-hour diuresis were measured. In 8 cases the results of treatment were good. Particularly striking was the improvement of diuresis and lowering of the central venous pressure. The authors regard dopamine as a very effective inotropic agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024470"}
{"pmid": "1024474", "title": "An attempt at comparing the results of carboxyhaemoglobin level in blood and gasometric determinations in capillary blood in cases of carbon monoxide poisoning when treatment began at the place of accident.", "content": "An attempt at comparing the results of carboxyhaemoglobin level in blood and gasometric determinations in capillary blood in cases of carbon monoxide poisoning when treatment began at the place of accident. The authors observed disturbances of acid-base equilibrium and levels of carboxyhaemoglobin in 116 cases of CO intoxication. The patients were treated early -- at the place of the accident and during transport to hospital. Oxygen treatment was applied, the acid-base equilibrium disturbances were corrected, especially the metabolic acidosis by using alkaline substances. This management enabled rapid elimination of the poison from the organism and an improvement in the general condition of the patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024474"}
{"pmid": "1024475", "title": "Acute life endangering ethanol intoxication treated in the intensive medical care unit.", "content": "Acute life endangering ethanol intoxication treated in the intensive medical care unit. Personal observations of 5 cases of acute life-endangering ethanol intoxication who were treated in the intensive medical care unit. The authors discuss the mechanism of ethanol-induced changes and the method used in the treatment of this intoxication. They also request that hospital laboratories should provide facilities for performing blood alcohol level determinations in emergencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024475"}
{"pmid": "1024471", "title": "Enflurane in anaesthesiological practice.", "content": "Enflurane in anaesthesiological practice. Enflurane was given as the principal inhalatory agent in general anaesthesia in 75 patients aged from 17 to 55 years for gynaecological operations. Anaesthesia was conducted with muscle relaxation administering the drug in concentration of 0.2-1% vol. (mean maintenance concentration 0.6%). No cardiovascular, hepatic and renal disturbances were observed. The serum glucose level increased by a mean value of 64.8% during enflurance anaesthesia, however, it did not cross the renal threshold. Enflurane failed to ensure postoperative analgesia. The drug may be used as a valuable supplement to the presently used anaesthetic agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024471"}
{"pmid": "1024517", "title": "The role and the mode of action of the lubricants in tablets manufacturing.", "content": "The role and the mode of action of the lubricants in tablets manufacturing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024517"}
{"pmid": "1024527", "title": "Effects of some autonomic drugs on the electrical activity of intestinal circular muscle.", "content": "Effects of some autonomic drugs on the electrical activity of intestinal circular muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024527"}
{"pmid": "1024553", "title": "Hemispheric differences in discriminative reaction time to facial expressions: preliminary observations.", "content": "Hemispheric differences in discriminative reaction time to facial expressions: preliminary observations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024553"}
{"pmid": "1024600", "title": "Regional assignments of the genes for fumarate hydratase and guanylate kinase on chromosome 1 and for lysosomal acid phosphatase and esterase A4 on chromosome 11.", "content": "Regional assignments of the genes for fumarate hydratase and guanylate kinase on chromosome 1 and for lysosomal acid phosphatase and esterase A4 on chromosome 11.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024600"}
{"pmid": "1024601", "title": "Localization of the structural locus for cytoplasmic glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase to region q24 leads to qter of human chromosome 10.", "content": "Localization of the structural locus for cytoplasmic glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase to region q24 leads to qter of human chromosome 10.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024601"}
{"pmid": "1024602", "title": "A preliminary analysis of the segregation of human hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase in human-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "content": "A preliminary analysis of the segregation of human hydroxyacyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase in human-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024602"}
{"pmid": "1024603", "title": "Assignemnt of a gene for tryptophanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase to human chromosome 14.", "content": "Assignemnt of a gene for tryptophanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase to human chromosome 14.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024603"}
{"pmid": "1024604", "title": "Assignment of the locus determining inorganic pyrophosphatase to chromosome 10 in man.", "content": "Assignment of the locus determining inorganic pyrophosphatase to chromosome 10 in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024604"}
{"pmid": "1024605", "title": "Assignment and linear order of human acid phosphatase-2, esterase A4, and lactate dehydrogenase A genes on chromosome 11.", "content": "Assignment and linear order of human acid phosphatase-2, esterase A4, and lactate dehydrogenase A genes on chromosome 11.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024605"}
{"pmid": "1024606", "title": "Retinoblastoma and chromosome 13.", "content": "Retinoblastoma and chromosome 13.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024606"}
{"pmid": "1024607", "title": "Radiation-induced segregation of syntenic loci: a new approach to human gene mapping.", "content": "Radiation-induced segregation of syntenic loci: a new approach to human gene mapping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024607"}
{"pmid": "1024608", "title": "Identification of a de novo chromosome rearrangement in a man-mouse hybrid clone and its bearing on the cytological map of the human X chromosome.", "content": "Identification of a de novo chromosome rearrangement in a man-mouse hybrid clone and its bearing on the cytological map of the human X chromosome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024608"}
{"pmid": "1024609", "title": "Localization of GOTs to the q24 leads to qter region of human chromosome 10.", "content": "Localization of GOTs to the q24 leads to qter region of human chromosome 10.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024609"}
{"pmid": "1024610", "title": "Mapping the locus of the H-Y antigen.", "content": "Mapping the locus of the H-Y antigen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024610"}
{"pmid": "1024611", "title": "Assignment of the human genes for mannose phosphate isomerase, pyruvate kinase (M2), and hexosaminidase-A to chromosome 15.", "content": "Assignment of the human genes for mannose phosphate isomerase, pyruvate kinase (M2), and hexosaminidase-A to chromosome 15.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024611"}
{"pmid": "1024612", "title": "Assignment of hexosaminidase-B to chromosome 5, its segregation after diphtheria toxin selection, and the linkage of hexosaminidase-A, mannose phosphate isomerase, and pyruvate kinase (M2).", "content": "Assignment of hexosaminidase-B to chromosome 5, its segregation after diphtheria toxin selection, and the linkage of hexosaminidase-A, mannose phosphate isomerase, and pyruvate kinase (M2).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024612"}
{"pmid": "1024613", "title": "Expression of human hexosaminidase-A phenotype depends on genes assigned to chromosomes 5 and 15.", "content": "Expression of human hexosaminidase-A phenotype depends on genes assigned to chromosomes 5 and 15.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024613"}
{"pmid": "1024614", "title": "Assignment of the inorganic chromosome 10 in man.", "content": "Assignment of the inorganic chromosome 10 in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024614"}
{"pmid": "1024616", "title": "Further data on the cytologic mapping of the human X chromosome with man-mouse cell hybrids.", "content": "Further data on the cytologic mapping of the human X chromosome with man-mouse cell hybrids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024616"}
{"pmid": "1024615", "title": "Assignment of the peptidase D gene locus (PEPD) to chromosome 19 in man.", "content": "Assignment of the peptidase D gene locus (PEPD) to chromosome 19 in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024615"}
{"pmid": "1024617", "title": "Assignment of the human gene for tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase using human-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "content": "Assignment of the human gene for tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase using human-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024617"}
{"pmid": "1024618", "title": "Assignment of the human alpha-l-fucosidase gene locus to chromosome 1 by use of a \"clone panel\".", "content": "Assignment of the human alpha-l-fucosidase gene locus to chromosome 1 by use of a \"clone panel\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024618"}
{"pmid": "1024619", "title": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosome 6.", "content": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosome 6.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024619"}
{"pmid": "1024620", "title": "Segregation of human mitochondrial thymidine thymidine kinase activity in human-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "content": "Segregation of human mitochondrial thymidine thymidine kinase activity in human-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024620"}
{"pmid": "1024621", "title": "Gene mapping by exclusion: the current status.", "content": "Gene mapping by exclusion: the current status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024621"}
{"pmid": "1024622", "title": "Linkage studies on familial hyperlipoproteinemia with xanthomatosis: normal lipoprotein markers and the C3 polymorphism.", "content": "Linkage studies on familial hyperlipoproteinemia with xanthomatosis: normal lipoprotein markers and the C3 polymorphism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024622"}
{"pmid": "1024623", "title": "Possible linkage between the Marinesco-Sjøgren syndrome and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.", "content": "Possible linkage between the Marinesco-Sjøgren syndrome and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024623"}
{"pmid": "1024624", "title": "Linkage data on 3q11 and 15ps fluorescence markers.", "content": "Linkage data on 3q11 and 15ps fluorescence markers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024624"}
{"pmid": "1024625", "title": "Red cell glutathione reductase activity in patients with bone-marrow trisomy 8.", "content": "Red cell glutathione reductase activity in patients with bone-marrow trisomy 8.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024625"}
{"pmid": "1024626", "title": "The Colton blood groups in monosomy 7 of the bone marrow.", "content": "The Colton blood groups in monosomy 7 of the bone marrow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024626"}
{"pmid": "1024627", "title": "The interpretation of lods in linkage analysis.", "content": "The interpretation of lods in linkage analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024627"}
{"pmid": "1024628", "title": "Probable linkage between essential familial hypercholesterolemia and third complement component (C3).", "content": "Probable linkage between essential familial hypercholesterolemia and third complement component (C3).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024628"}
{"pmid": "1024629", "title": "Chido blood group and the HLA region.", "content": "Chido blood group and the HLA region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024629"}
{"pmid": "1024630", "title": "Rodgers blood group and the HLA region.", "content": "Rodgers blood group and the HLA region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024630"}
{"pmid": "1024631", "title": "Gene linkage studies on glyoxalase I.", "content": "Gene linkage studies on glyoxalase I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024631"}
{"pmid": "1024633", "title": "Further evidence for the assignment of the red cell acid phosphatase gene (ACP1) to the short arm of chromosome 2 from gene dosage effect.", "content": "Further evidence for the assignment of the red cell acid phosphatase gene (ACP1) to the short arm of chromosome 2 from gene dosage effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024633"}
{"pmid": "1024632", "title": "A genetic linkage analysis of chromosome 6 markers Chido, HLA, and glyoxalase.", "content": "A genetic linkage analysis of chromosome 6 markers Chido, HLA, and glyoxalase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024632"}
{"pmid": "1024634", "title": "The locus for glyoxalase I (GLO) is between HLA-A and PGM3 on chromosome 6 of man.", "content": "The locus for glyoxalase I (GLO) is between HLA-A and PGM3 on chromosome 6 of man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024634"}
{"pmid": "1024635", "title": "Chromosome 6: linkage of the eighth component of complement (C8) to the histocompatibility region (HLA).", "content": "Chromosome 6: linkage of the eighth component of complement (C8) to the histocompatibility region (HLA).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024635"}
{"pmid": "1024636", "title": "Linkage group I: the simultaneous estimation of recombination and interference.", "content": "Linkage group I: the simultaneous estimation of recombination and interference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024636"}
{"pmid": "1024637", "title": "Some lod scores concerning chromosome 1.", "content": "Some lod scores concerning chromosome 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024637"}
{"pmid": "1024638", "title": "Bf locus and the HLA region.", "content": "Bf locus and the HLA region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024638"}
{"pmid": "1024639", "title": "The linkage and mapping relationships of 1qh.", "content": "The linkage and mapping relationships of 1qh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024639"}
{"pmid": "1024640", "title": "Family studies on esterase D and chromosome 13 in man.", "content": "Family studies on esterase D and chromosome 13 in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024640"}
{"pmid": "1024641", "title": "A report on a family with a (1;2) translocation: cytologic and linkage analysis.", "content": "A report on a family with a (1;2) translocation: cytologic and linkage analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024641"}
{"pmid": "1024646", "title": "Expression of human X-chromosomal markers in man-Chinese hamster hybrids treated with isolated human chromosomes.", "content": "Expression of human X-chromosomal markers in man-Chinese hamster hybrids treated with isolated human chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024646"}
{"pmid": "1024644", "title": "Human gene locations achieved by means of human-Chinese hamster (CHO-K1) auxotrophic cell hybridization.", "content": "Human gene locations achieved by means of human-Chinese hamster (CHO-K1) auxotrophic cell hybridization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024644"}
{"pmid": "1024643", "title": "Unreliability of the microcomplement fixation method for Xga typing of cultured fibroblasts.", "content": "Unreliability of the microcomplement fixation method for Xga typing of cultured fibroblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024643"}
{"pmid": "1024642", "title": "Genetic linkage of a locus for erythrocyte glyoxalase (GLO) with HLA and Bf.", "content": "Genetic linkage of a locus for erythrocyte glyoxalase (GLO) with HLA and Bf.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024642"}
{"pmid": "1024645", "title": "Chromosomal gene transfer: prospects of a new method for mapping closely linked human genes.", "content": "Chromosomal gene transfer: prospects of a new method for mapping closely linked human genes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024645"}
{"pmid": "1024647", "title": "Mapping of genes and adenovirus-12-induced gaps using chimpanzee-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "content": "Mapping of genes and adenovirus-12-induced gaps using chimpanzee-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024647"}
{"pmid": "1024648", "title": "Chimpanzee gene mapping.", "content": "Chimpanzee gene mapping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024648"}
{"pmid": "1024649", "title": "Gene mapping by somatic cell hybridization in species other than man.", "content": "Gene mapping by somatic cell hybridization in species other than man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024649"}
{"pmid": "1024653", "title": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of the X and Y chromosomes.", "content": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of the X and Y chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024653"}
{"pmid": "1024650", "title": "Clues to homologous regions in mammalian autosomes.", "content": "Clues to homologous regions in mammalian autosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024650"}
{"pmid": "1024651", "title": "Comparative gene mapping of HPRT, G6PD, and PGK in man, mouse, and muntjac deer.", "content": "Comparative gene mapping of HPRT, G6PD, and PGK in man, mouse, and muntjac deer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024651"}
{"pmid": "1024654", "title": "Report of the committee on unassigned linkage groups.", "content": "Report of the committee on unassigned linkage groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024654"}
{"pmid": "1024655", "title": "Report of the committee on nomenclature.", "content": "Report of the committee on nomenclature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024655"}
{"pmid": "1024652", "title": "The location of RN5S genes on the chromosomes of primates.", "content": "The location of RN5S genes on the chromosomes of primates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024652"}
{"pmid": "1024656", "title": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 1 and 2.", "content": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 1 and 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024656"}
{"pmid": "1024657", "title": "Report of the committee on comparative mapping.", "content": "Report of the committee on comparative mapping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024657"}
{"pmid": "1024658", "title": "Proposed banding nomenclature for the Chinese hamster chromosomes (Cricetulus grises).", "content": "Proposed banding nomenclature for the Chinese hamster chromosomes (Cricetulus grises).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024658"}
{"pmid": "1024660", "title": "The gene for the species antigen on human chromosome 11 is on the short arm.", "content": "The gene for the species antigen on human chromosome 11 is on the short arm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024660"}
{"pmid": "1024662", "title": "A guarded word of welcome.", "content": "A guarded word of welcome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024662"}
{"pmid": "1024661", "title": "Regional mapping of the X-linked gene for a human cell surface antigen, SA-X.", "content": "Regional mapping of the X-linked gene for a human cell surface antigen, SA-X.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024661"}
{"pmid": "1024663", "title": "The crisis of custody: how a psychiatrist can be of help.", "content": "The crisis of custody: how a psychiatrist can be of help.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024663"}
{"pmid": "1024659", "title": "Assignment of the genes for human glyoxalase I to chromosome 6 and for human esterase D to chromosome 13.", "content": "Assignment of the genes for human glyoxalase I to chromosome 6 and for human esterase D to chromosome 13.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024659"}
{"pmid": "1024665", "title": "Custody proceedings: battlefield or peace conference?", "content": "Custody proceedings: battlefield or peace conference?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024665"}
{"pmid": "1024664", "title": "Johnnie and Suzie, don't cry: Mommy and Daddy aren't that way.", "content": "Johnnie and Suzie, don't cry: Mommy and Daddy aren't that way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024664"}
{"pmid": "1024667", "title": "The devil's advocate.", "content": "The devil's advocate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024667"}
{"pmid": "1024668", "title": "Federated Council for Internal Medicine. Position papers on the internist and primary care.", "content": "Federated Council for Internal Medicine. Position papers on the internist and primary care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024668"}
{"pmid": "1024666", "title": "Legal implications of behavior modification programs.", "content": "Legal implications of behavior modification programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024666"}
{"pmid": "1024670", "title": "Viewpoint: health manpower.", "content": "Viewpoint: health manpower.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024670"}
{"pmid": "1024669", "title": "Critical implications of National Health Insurance.", "content": "Critical implications of National Health Insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024669"}
{"pmid": "1024671", "title": "Government looks at clinical competence.", "content": "Government looks at clinical competence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024671"}
{"pmid": "1024672", "title": "College Life Plan has several options.", "content": "College Life Plan has several options.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024672"}
{"pmid": "1024674", "title": "Society looks at clinical competence.", "content": "Society looks at clinical competence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024674"}
{"pmid": "1024673", "title": "Preliminary information on antimicrobial study is ready.", "content": "Preliminary information on antimicrobial study is ready.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024673"}
{"pmid": "1024675", "title": "Medical liability: update.", "content": "Medical liability: update.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024675"}
{"pmid": "1024676", "title": "Insurance premiums and taxes.", "content": "Insurance premiums and taxes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024676"}
{"pmid": "1024677", "title": "Federated Council for Internal Medicine: position on an integrated health manpower policy for primary care.", "content": "Federated Council for Internal Medicine: position on an integrated health manpower policy for primary care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024677"}
{"pmid": "1024678", "title": "Cryosurgery in removal of orbital tumors.", "content": "Cryosurgery in removal of orbital tumors. Two cases in which medially placed retro-orbital tumors were approached transfrontally have been presented. The computerized tomographic scanner was important in the localization of both lesions. Although of different histologic types, both tumors were friable and vascular. This friability and vascularity would have caused severe difficulties in removal had it not been for the facility with which a cryoprobe froze and grasped tumor tissue. The importance of this instrument, previously unemphasized, has been pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024678"}
{"pmid": "1024679", "title": "An autopsy case of the Dandy-Walker syndrome.", "content": "An autopsy case of the Dandy-Walker syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024679"}
{"pmid": "1024680", "title": "Alteration of calcium metabolism in chronic pancreatitis.", "content": "Alteration of calcium metabolism in chronic pancreatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024680"}
{"pmid": "1024681", "title": "A scanning electron microscopic study of rat liver sinusoids.", "content": "A scanning electron microscopic study of rat liver sinusoids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024681"}
{"pmid": "1024682", "title": "An autopsy case of carcino-sarcoma of the liver.", "content": "An autopsy case of carcino-sarcoma of the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024682"}
{"pmid": "1024687", "title": "Intraocular pressure rise and secondary degeneration of the optic pathway.", "content": "Intraocular pressure rise and secondary degeneration of the optic pathway.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024687"}
{"pmid": "1024689", "title": "Occlusion of the central retinal vein: revealing symptom of intraocular pressure-rise.", "content": "Occlusion of the central retinal vein: revealing symptom of intraocular pressure-rise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024689"}
{"pmid": "1024690", "title": "Essential tremor in Papua, New Guinea.", "content": "Essential tremor in Papua, New Guinea. The clinical features of 175 cases of essential tremor are related. This disorder is prevalent among a population of the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea. It affects predominantly women in middle and old age; only 27 per cent of the cases were males. The disorder is slowly progressive and significant disability appears in elderly women when the trunk muscles are involved. Epidemiological studies have shown that the presence of tremor can be correlated with linguistic distinctions between high and low prevalence populations. Although only 30 patients reported a first degree relative with tremor, the syndrome would seem to stem from a genetic predisposition. In a number of patients essential tremor appeared to be associated with Parkinson's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024690"}
{"pmid": "1024691", "title": "The diagnosis of congenital unilateral third-nerve palsy.", "content": "The diagnosis of congenital unilateral third-nerve palsy. Sixteen cases of congenital unilateral third-nerve palsies collected from the records of the Wilmer Eye Institute and The Johns Hopkins Hospital over twenty-one years are reviewed. Their aetiology, clinical features, differential diagnosis and prognosis are discussed. Their benign nature with respect to absence of associated neurological disease and the high probability of their causing amblyopia and aberrant regeneration are emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024691"}
{"pmid": "1024692", "title": "The state of the speciality.", "content": "The state of the speciality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024692"}
{"pmid": "1024693", "title": "Defence mechanisms in middle childhood.", "content": "Defence mechanisms in middle childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024693"}
{"pmid": "1024694", "title": "Pre-senile dementia presenting as a depressive illness. A case report.", "content": "Pre-senile dementia presenting as a depressive illness. A case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024694"}
{"pmid": "1024695", "title": "Medicolegal aspects of transsexualism.", "content": "Medicolegal aspects of transsexualism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024695"}
{"pmid": "1024696", "title": "Treatment of drug-induced psychosis with diphenylhydantoin.", "content": "Treatment of drug-induced psychosis with diphenylhydantoin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024696"}
{"pmid": "1024698", "title": "Lynching : a psychiatrist's view.", "content": "Lynching : a psychiatrist's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024698"}
{"pmid": "1024697", "title": "Suicide and prevention centres.", "content": "Suicide and prevention centres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024697"}
{"pmid": "1024714", "title": "Serological survey of arbovirus infection in Sri Lanka.", "content": "Serological survey of arbovirus infection in Sri Lanka.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024714"}
{"pmid": "1024715", "title": "Empyema thoracis in infancy and childhood.", "content": "Empyema thoracis in infancy and childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024715"}
{"pmid": "1024716", "title": "The cardinal features of the ten-year national health plan of the Republic of Zambia.", "content": "The cardinal features of the ten-year national health plan of the Republic of Zambia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024716"}
{"pmid": "1024717", "title": "The clinical presentation of trap-gun injuries.", "content": "The clinical presentation of trap-gun injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024717"}
{"pmid": "1024718", "title": "Meningococcal septicaemia.", "content": "Meningococcal septicaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024718"}
{"pmid": "1024720", "title": "Acute respiratory distress following nitrofurantion therapy.", "content": "Acute respiratory distress following nitrofurantion therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024720"}
{"pmid": "1024719", "title": "Transitional cell papilloma of the nose with malignant termination.", "content": "Transitional cell papilloma of the nose with malignant termination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024719"}
{"pmid": "1024721", "title": "Laboratory diagnosis of syphilis.", "content": "Laboratory diagnosis of syphilis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024721"}
{"pmid": "1024722", "title": "Murugesar Sinnatamby oration 1974. Obstetric and gynaecologic complications associated with a bicornuate uterus.", "content": "Murugesar Sinnatamby oration 1974. Obstetric and gynaecologic complications associated with a bicornuate uterus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024722"}
{"pmid": "1024758", "title": "Screening for breast cancer--a report of II 654 examinations.", "content": "Screening for breast cancer--a report of II 654 examinations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024758"}
{"pmid": "1024759", "title": "The selection of patients for breast cancer screening--is there a role for psychological testing?", "content": "The selection of patients for breast cancer screening--is there a role for psychological testing?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024759"}
{"pmid": "1024760", "title": "Delay in presentation of women with breast disease.", "content": "Delay in presentation of women with breast disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024760"}
{"pmid": "1024761", "title": "Radical mastectomy: an analysis of 306 patients.", "content": "Radical mastectomy: an analysis of 306 patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024761"}
{"pmid": "1024762", "title": "Intermittent compression for lymphoedema of arm.", "content": "Intermittent compression for lymphoedema of arm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024762"}
{"pmid": "1024763", "title": "Shoulder movement following mastectomy.", "content": "Shoulder movement following mastectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024763"}
{"pmid": "1024764", "title": "Axillary recurrences after selective treatment of the axillary nodes in cancer of the breast.", "content": "Axillary recurrences after selective treatment of the axillary nodes in cancer of the breast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024764"}
{"pmid": "1024765", "title": "The management of locally advanced breast cancer by X-ray therapy.", "content": "The management of locally advanced breast cancer by X-ray therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024765"}
{"pmid": "1024766", "title": "Metastatic carcinoma within the breast.", "content": "Metastatic carcinoma within the breast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024766"}
{"pmid": "1024767", "title": "Concomitant androgen therapy in the management of advanced breast cancer by cyclical combined chemotherapy.", "content": "Concomitant androgen therapy in the management of advanced breast cancer by cyclical combined chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024767"}
{"pmid": "1024768", "title": "Chemical phlebitis after nitrogen mustard injection.", "content": "Chemical phlebitis after nitrogen mustard injection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024768"}
{"pmid": "1024770", "title": "Predictors of drug use.", "content": "Predictors of drug use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024770"}
{"pmid": "1024771", "title": "Effects of an oral hygiene information film.", "content": "Effects of an oral hygiene information film.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024771"}
{"pmid": "1024772", "title": "Problems in the delivery of health care.", "content": "Problems in the delivery of health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024772"}
{"pmid": "1024773", "title": "The psychology of violence.", "content": "The psychology of violence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024773"}
{"pmid": "1024774", "title": "Equalities and inequalities: real and imagined.", "content": "Equalities and inequalities: real and imagined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024774"}
{"pmid": "1024775", "title": "Risks of everyday life.", "content": "Risks of everyday life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024775"}
{"pmid": "1024776", "title": "Speech problems among children in a national survey: associations with hearing, handedness and therapy.", "content": "Speech problems among children in a national survey: associations with hearing, handedness and therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024776"}
{"pmid": "1024777", "title": "A solution to the problems of problems of providing refreshment at work.", "content": "A solution to the problems of problems of providing refreshment at work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024777"}
{"pmid": "1024778", "title": "Aspects of modern meat technology.", "content": "Aspects of modern meat technology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024778"}
{"pmid": "1024779", "title": "Community roots of delinquency.", "content": "Community roots of delinquency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024779"}
{"pmid": "1024780", "title": "The Yo-Yo Syndrome and the community.", "content": "The Yo-Yo Syndrome and the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024780"}
{"pmid": "1024781", "title": "Professionals in health service administration.", "content": "Professionals in health service administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024781"}
{"pmid": "1024782", "title": "Aspects of hostel facilities for the mentally ill in Greater Manchester.", "content": "Aspects of hostel facilities for the mentally ill in Greater Manchester.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024782"}
{"pmid": "1024784", "title": "Microwave ovens. 1. How well do they cook?", "content": "Microwave ovens. 1. How well do they cook?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024784"}
{"pmid": "1024783", "title": "The university environment in relation to mental health in Sudanese students.", "content": "The university environment in relation to mental health in Sudanese students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024783"}
{"pmid": "1024769", "title": "Two-fold interindividual variation in plasma protein binding of phenytoin in patients with epilepsy.", "content": "Two-fold interindividual variation in plasma protein binding of phenytoin in patients with epilepsy. Plasma protein binding of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) in 63 epileptic patients was investigated with an ultrafiltration technique at room temperature using 14C-labelled phenytoin. A strong correlation was found between the total and the unbound drug concentration (r = 0.97, p less than 0.001). The unbound phenytoin fraction was 7.1 +/- 1.0% with a range of 4.9 to 10.2%. This variation is considerably less than that reported recently by different authors. Individual phenytoin binding was reproducible when the determination was repeated several weeks later. Salivary phenytoin concentrations in 33 epileptic patients were significantly correlated to the unbound (r = 0.83) and total concentrations (r = 0.82) of phenytoin in plasma. This study confirms that the clinical practice of monitoring total phenytoin plasma concentrations is sufficient, since the unbound phenytoin fraction has only a 2-fold interindividual variation in epileptic patients, provided that they do not suffer from renal or hepatic disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024769"}
{"pmid": "1024785", "title": "Microwave ovens. 2. Is microwave leakage hazardous?", "content": "Microwave ovens. 2. Is microwave leakage hazardous?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024785"}
{"pmid": "1024786", "title": "How to buy a hearing aid. Part 1. What consumers should know.", "content": "How to buy a hearing aid. Part 1. What consumers should know.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024786"}
{"pmid": "1024787", "title": "The replacement child--a developmental tragedy: some preliminary comments.", "content": "The replacement child--a developmental tragedy: some preliminary comments. Some of the clinical and theoretical issues thought to be involved in the psychology of \"replacement children\" are discussed. A developmental framework is proposed within which to view such children. The replacement child is becoming an identifiable clinical syndrome, and a developmental framework is sorely needed to encourage more systematic research. A replacement child perceives his status differently on both a cognitive and emotional level within the context of each developmental phase, and the affective and associative links need to be reworked each time. We view the status of being a replacement child as a developmental interference insofar as demands are placed on the child's immature ego which he might not yet be equipped to cope with.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024787"}
{"pmid": "1024788", "title": "The well-baby clinic.", "content": "The well-baby clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024788"}
{"pmid": "1024789", "title": "Neonatal prediction and outcome at 10/11 years.", "content": "Neonatal prediction and outcome at 10/11 years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024789"}
{"pmid": "1024790", "title": "Applying the guidelines of Beyond the Best Interests of the Child.", "content": "Applying the guidelines of Beyond the Best Interests of the Child. Although the wisdom of the guidelines advocated in Beyond the Best Interests of the Child for making custody and visitation decisions is widely proclaimed, the realities of existing statutes and procedural systems preclude their simple application to present-day custody cases. It is the purpose of this paper to join the efforts of others in attempting to delineate how the theoretical policies and abstract strategies comprising these guidelines can be implemented under the constraints of present realities. This effort takes the form of three disguised cases to which is added the author's commentary on his interventions and recommendations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024790"}
{"pmid": "1024809", "title": "Localization of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and of the acid phosphatase (AP) in liver cells of embryos and chickens irradiated with gamma rays.", "content": "Localization of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and of the acid phosphatase (AP) in liver cells of embryos and chickens irradiated with gamma rays.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024809"}
{"pmid": "1024812", "title": "Effects of apomorphine, pimoside, theophylline, meta-tolylcarbamide and diazepam on the picrotoxin convulsive-seizure threshold.", "content": "Effects of apomorphine, pimoside, theophylline, meta-tolylcarbamide and diazepam on the picrotoxin convulsive-seizure threshold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024812"}
{"pmid": "1024810", "title": "Collagen biosynthesis in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats.", "content": "Collagen biosynthesis in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024810"}
{"pmid": "1024811", "title": "Cytogenetic investigation of cells from primary kidney culture of Testudo graeca.", "content": "Cytogenetic investigation of cells from primary kidney culture of Testudo graeca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024811"}
{"pmid": "1024813", "title": "Histological classification of Kaposi's sarcoma. A basis for chemotherapy.", "content": "Histological classification of Kaposi's sarcoma. A basis for chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024813"}
{"pmid": "1024814", "title": "Q fever in Kenya. Serological investigations in man and domestic animals.", "content": "Q fever in Kenya. Serological investigations in man and domestic animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024814"}
{"pmid": "1024818", "title": "Reduplication of distal femur. A case report.", "content": "Reduplication of distal femur. A case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024818"}
{"pmid": "1024815", "title": "Urinary tract pathogens and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in Dar es Salaam.", "content": "Urinary tract pathogens and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in Dar es Salaam.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024815"}
{"pmid": "1024819", "title": "The relationship between systemic and ear-capsule blood pressure measurement.", "content": "The relationship between systemic and ear-capsule blood pressure measurement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024819"}
{"pmid": "1024817", "title": "Pelvic inflammatory disease associated with Enterobius vermicularis in the endometrium.", "content": "Pelvic inflammatory disease associated with Enterobius vermicularis in the endometrium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024817"}
{"pmid": "1024821", "title": "Kala-azar in Ethiopia: sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotomidae) of Southwest Ethiopia.", "content": "Kala-azar in Ethiopia: sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotomidae) of Southwest Ethiopia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024821"}
{"pmid": "1024816", "title": "Surgical treatment of duodenal obstruction of vascular origin.", "content": "Surgical treatment of duodenal obstruction of vascular origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024816"}
{"pmid": "1024823", "title": "Kala-azar in Ethiopia: survey and leishmanin skin test results in the middle and lower Awash River Valley.", "content": "Kala-azar in Ethiopia: survey and leishmanin skin test results in the middle and lower Awash River Valley.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024823"}
{"pmid": "1024820", "title": "Structure-activity relationship in hypertensive steroids.", "content": "Structure-activity relationship in hypertensive steroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024820"}
{"pmid": "1024822", "title": "Kala-azar in Ethiopia: the phlebotomid sandflies of the Awash River Valley.", "content": "Kala-azar in Ethiopia: the phlebotomid sandflies of the Awash River Valley.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024822"}
{"pmid": "1024824", "title": "Why do Tc-99m chelates work for cholescintigraphy?", "content": "Why do Tc-99m chelates work for cholescintigraphy? There are four structural requirements for substances that are excreted by the liver: 1. Their molecular weight is between 300 and 1,000. 2. They are organic anions. 3. They contain at least two ring systems in the molecule. 4. They are bound to serum albumin. All the Tc-99m chelates suggested for cholescintigraphy fulfill these requirements. For the first time a rational for their efficacy is provided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024824"}
{"pmid": "1024825", "title": "The correlation between liver scintigraphy and serum CEA levels in the detection of liver metastases from rectum carcinoma. A retrospective study.", "content": "The correlation between liver scintigraphy and serum CEA levels in the detection of liver metastases from rectum carcinoma. A retrospective study. Radiocolloid liver scintigraphy for the detection of liver metastases is widely used. Because of the known limitations of this technique we investigated the correlation between liver scintigraphy and serum CEA levels in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of primary rectum carcinoma. The serum CEA level is not suitable as a screening test for cancer, but it can be helpful as an extra parameter for the detection of liver metastases. The correlation between liver scintigraphy, the serum CEA level and the clinical findings has also been studied. A good correlation between liver scintigraphy and the serum CEA level was found. Serum CEA levels can be helpful in facilitating the evaluation of liver scintigraphy in patients with carcinoma of the rectum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024825"}
{"pmid": "1024829", "title": "A note to \"Radiochemical purity of various 99mTc-labelled bone-scanning agents\".", "content": "A note to \"Radiochemical purity of various 99mTc-labelled bone-scanning agents\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024829"}
{"pmid": "1024827", "title": "The use of 123I labelled oestradiol in detecting the human prostate using a gamma camera.", "content": "The use of 123I labelled oestradiol in detecting the human prostate using a gamma camera. 123I labelled oestradiol was administered into patients with either benign hypertrophy or malignancy of the prostate, in order to detect the prostate. Using a gamma camera the results showed considerable radioactivity in the bladder-prostate region. The exact anatomical position of the prostate was determined by emptying the bladder and introducing 123I labelled sodium iodide into the balloon of the catheter already inserted in the bladder. The results demonstrated that the detected radioactivity in this region was in the bladder rather than the prostate. This conclusion was later confirmed by the presence of high level of the radioactivity in the urine and the extremely low concentration of the radioactivity in the prostate after the removal of the gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024827"}
{"pmid": "1024828", "title": "Bone imaging after total replacement arthroplasty of the hip joint. A follow-up with different radiopharmaceuticals.", "content": "Bone imaging after total replacement arthroplasty of the hip joint. A follow-up with different radiopharmaceuticals. Bone imaging was done in patients after total replacement arthroplasty of the hip joint every 3rd month using 99mTc-HEDP and 18F. Uptake ratios were estimated over cup/normal hip and femur prosthesis/normal thigh. Ratios decline rapidly and reach a stable level 6-9 months, postoperatively. Eight cases of late infection were predicted correctly 1-3 months before any radiologic evidence was present. In four cases there had been false-positive results with 99mTc-HEDP while 18F gave always correct information except in cases of soft tissue inflammation. Here both 99mTc-HEDP and 18F ratios were elevated. The early diagnosis of late complications after replacement arthroplasty seems to be possible. The clinical significance, however, is low: only one out of eight patients with manifest infection is still on conservative treatment. Bone imaging should be done to exclude late infection as a cause of pain after total replacement arthroplasty of the hip joint only.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024828"}
{"pmid": "1024807", "title": "The assessment of time-dependent changes in human performance.", "content": "The assessment of time-dependent changes in human performance. This paper discribes a series of experiments to illustrate the use of various methods of time series analysis in the delineation of the effects of circadian and ultradian cycles on human performance. These experiments are concerned with measures of both human performance and physiology. They illustrate how the parameters of these time series analytic techniques can be used to postulate physiological mechanisms where time-dependent changes have been shown to be significant. The use of analytic techniques in both the time and frequency domain is illustrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024807"}
{"pmid": "1024826", "title": "Experimental examinations on the suitability of organoaminomethane-bis-phosphonic acids for bone-scintigraphy by means of Tc-99m in animals.", "content": "Experimental examinations on the suitability of organoaminomethane-bis-phosphonic acids for bone-scintigraphy by means of Tc-99m in animals. Phosphororganic compounds of the general formula R2N-CH (PO(OH)2)2 were examined for their Tc-99m-labelability and suitability for bone-scintigraphy. Compared to Tc-99-m-Sn-EHDP (Hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid), four compounds showed a better concentration in the sceleton, while three compounds remained beneath comparative values.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024826"}
{"pmid": "1024808", "title": "Circadian rhythmic aspects of human cardiovascular function: a review by chronobiologic statistical methods.", "content": "Circadian rhythmic aspects of human cardiovascular function: a review by chronobiologic statistical methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024808"}
{"pmid": "1024852", "title": "Effect of DL-alpha-hydrazino-delta-aminovaleric acid, an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, on polyamine metabolism and growth of mouse sarcoma-180.", "content": "Effect of DL-alpha-hydrazino-delta-aminovaleric acid, an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, on polyamine metabolism and growth of mouse sarcoma-180. DL-alpha-Hydrazino-delta-aminovaleric acid (DL-HAVA) is a potent and fairly specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17). Its effect on polyamine metabolism and cell proliferation was investigated in sarcoma-180, inoculated into the axillary region of mice. In the tumor tissues, the activities of ornithine and S-adenosyl-L-methionine decarboxylases and the putrescine level were much higher in the early stage of growth than those in normal mouse liver. Administration of DL-HAVA greatly depressed the putrescine level and putrescine formation from L-ornithine. It also suppressed DNA synthesis and increase in weight of the tumor tissue. However, it had little effect on RNA synthesis or the tissue concentration of spermidine and spermine. The inhibition of DNA synthesis and subsequent tumor development by DL-HAVA was effectively prevented by putrescine, but not by cadaverine or 1,7-diaminoheptane. From these results it is concluded that the suppression of DNA synthesis and neoplastic growth by DL-HAVA is due to decrease in the putrescine level by inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024852"}
{"pmid": "1024851", "title": "In vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immune reactions to auto-chthonous tumor extracts in patients with gastric cancer.", "content": "In vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immune reactions to auto-chthonous tumor extracts in patients with gastric cancer. Sixty patients with advanced gastric cancer were subjected to the macrophage electrophoretic mobility test and delayed hypersensitivity skin test to tumor and normal tissue (gastric mucosa) extracts. Tumor extract induced significant inhibition of macrophage mobility in 51% and positive skin reaction in 32% of examined cases. Close correlation was observed between macrophage inhibition and diameter of skin reaction to tumor extract. Incidence of positive reaction in both tests to normal tissue extract was 55% and 12%, respectively. Significant inhibition of macrophage to tumor extract was also observed in breast cancer, but not in superficial gastric cancer and healthy persons. Normal tissue extract did not induce significant inhibition of macrophage in gastric ulcer. These results suggest that macrophage electrophoretic mobility test indicates a certain aspect of tumor-associated (but not tumor-specific) immunity in cancer patients. Macrophage inhibition appeared to be related with macroscopic tumor types rather than to clinical stages. Positive skin reaction to tumor extract was observed in Stages II, III, and IV of gastric cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024851"}
{"pmid": "1024853", "title": "Isolation of soluble immunosuppressive substance(s) from Ehrlich ascites tumor cell nuclei.", "content": "Isolation of soluble immunosuppressive substance(s) from Ehrlich ascites tumor cell nuclei. A potent immunosuppressive principle was isolated in a soluble form from the nuclei of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. DNA-free preparation, obtained from the purified nuclei by homogenizing in 2M NaCl-5M urea solution and removing the dissociated DNA with LaCl3-precipitation, revealed strong activity to suppress the development of helper thymus-derived lymphocyte activity in mice. Moreover, almost all of the immunosuppressive activity originally found in the nuclear residue fraction after extraction with sodium citrate solution was recovered in 0.25 N HCl extract which mainly contains proteins. The nuclear components of tumor cells were also detected in the body fluid of tumor-bearing animals, as examined by the reactivity with a rabbit antiserum specific for some nuclear component of Ehrlich tumor cells. These results suggest that the immunosuppressive principle in the nuclei of Ehrlich tumor cells is a histone-like substance, and liberated into the body fluid from tumor cell nuclei in the tumor-bearing state.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024853"}
{"pmid": "1024854", "title": "Cancer induction in subcutaneously implanted bronchial autograft of a dog by 3-methylcholanthrene.", "content": "Cancer induction in subcutaneously implanted bronchial autograft of a dog by 3-methylcholanthrene. An experimental cancer induction in subcutaneously autoimplanted bronchial grafts in dogs was studied. After successful bronchial autografting, 3-methylcholanthrene or 3,4-benzo[a]pyrene suspended in sterile saline solution containing 1% carboxymethylcellulose was injected into the lumen. Twenty-eight weeks after this treatment, an invasive squamous cell carcinoma with concomitantly existing atypical squamous metaplasia was found in one dog by histological examination. Squamous cell metaplasia was also observed in two other dogs at 24th experimental week. Cytological examination revealed the findings corresponding to these epithelial changes. Remaining 15 dogs are still living and under observation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024854"}
{"pmid": "1024855", "title": "Correlation between phytohemagglutinin skin test and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene in cancer patients.", "content": "Correlation between phytohemagglutinin skin test and delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to dinitrochlorobenzene in cancer patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024855"}
{"pmid": "1024856", "title": "Antitumor activity of asterriquinone, a metabolic product from Aspergillus terreus.", "content": "Antitumor activity of asterriquinone, a metabolic product from Aspergillus terreus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024856"}
{"pmid": "1024864", "title": "The correlation of the haemostatic disorder, clinical-biochemical state and treatment in patients with hepatic coma complicated acute viral hepatitis.", "content": "The correlation of the haemostatic disorder, clinical-biochemical state and treatment in patients with hepatic coma complicated acute viral hepatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024864"}
{"pmid": "1024849", "title": "Limulus test, parenteral drugs and biological products: an approach.", "content": "Limulus test, parenteral drugs and biological products: an approach. The Authors report the results concerning the control of presence of bacterial endotoxins in parenteral drugs, blood products and immunological materials, by means of Limulus amebocyte lysate test. All the data suggest that Limulus assay is a simple, rapid, specific and sensitive test for endotoxin detection, mostly when it is correctly performed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024849"}
{"pmid": "1024897", "title": "Diagnostic aspects of the chronic evolution of the alcoholic liver disease.", "content": "Diagnostic aspects of the chronic evolution of the alcoholic liver disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024897"}
{"pmid": "1024857", "title": "Assessment of parameters of physical growth of the newborn in relation to maternal supplementation with iron alone or with some biological additives.", "content": "Assessment of parameters of physical growth of the newborn in relation to maternal supplementation with iron alone or with some biological additives. Intrauterine growth charts were used for the assessment of physical growth of newborn infants in relation to maternal supplementation. Iron alone or with other additives (Copper, folic acid, ascorbic acid) were given during different trimesters of pregnancy. The study revealed that iron supplementation with or without other additives has an effective role in improving the haematological pattern in the neonates who also achieved better physical growth particularly with early supplementation with iron and ascorbic acid. Therefore, such supplementation is recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024857"}
{"pmid": "1024911", "title": "State of comma as consequence from a traumatic subdural hygroma. Auer methode. Personal experience.", "content": "State of comma as consequence from a traumatic subdural hygroma. Auer methode. Personal experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024911"}
{"pmid": "1024858", "title": "Diagnosis aids in hepatomegaly. An approach to differential diagnosis.", "content": "Diagnosis aids in hepatomegaly. An approach to differential diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024858"}
{"pmid": "1024909", "title": "The prothrombin activation in stored blood.", "content": "The prothrombin activation in stored blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024909"}
{"pmid": "1024925", "title": "Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx.", "content": "Rhabdomyosarcoma of the larynx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024925"}
{"pmid": "1024933", "title": "Ferrokinetic circadian rhythm in normal subjects.", "content": "Ferrokinetic circadian rhythm in normal subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024933"}
{"pmid": "1024934", "title": "The effect of erythropoietin on ribonucleic acid synthesis in the rabbit bone marrow.", "content": "The effect of erythropoietin on ribonucleic acid synthesis in the rabbit bone marrow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024934"}
{"pmid": "1024935", "title": "Pathophysiological classification of anaemias and polycythaemias (polyglobulias).", "content": "Pathophysiological classification of anaemias and polycythaemias (polyglobulias).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024935"}
{"pmid": "1024936", "title": "Thrombocytopoietic serum activity in thrombocytopenia induced by antithrombocytic serum in mice.", "content": "Thrombocytopoietic serum activity in thrombocytopenia induced by antithrombocytic serum in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024936"}
{"pmid": "1024954", "title": "Certain aspects of histogenesis of the B (Ashkenazy) cells in the human thyroid gland.", "content": "Certain aspects of histogenesis of the B (Ashkenazy) cells in the human thyroid gland. Certain differences are found in the localization of the peroxidase in subcellular structures of the neoplastic A- and B-cells of the human thyroid. The differences may result from functional pecularities and developmental diversities of these cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024954"}
{"pmid": "1024955", "title": "Attempts at inhibition of autooxidation of catecholamines in vitro.", "content": "Attempts at inhibition of autooxidation of catecholamines in vitro. The authors attempted to inhibit autooxidation of catecholamines in vitro by means of sulphur-containing amino-acids, monosaccharides, and aminobutyric acids. The SH group-containing amino-acids were found to suppress autooxidation of catecholamines passing from a chloroform-methanol solution (2:1) to water or buffer solutions. A similar though less pronounced property was manifested by cysteic acid. Likewise glucose, fructose and galactose blocked the reaction. Among aminobutyric acids only gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibited autooxidation of amines. However, despite positive results obtained, these experiments cannot be utilized in studies on reduction of Nitro-BT, as no reduction of Nitro-BT occured in the solutions in which catecholamine autooxidation was brought to a stop.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024955"}
{"pmid": "1024956", "title": "Two strange health tribes: the Gnisrun and Enicidem in the United States.", "content": "Two strange health tribes: the Gnisrun and Enicidem in the United States.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024956"}
{"pmid": "1024957", "title": "Social processes and psychiatric symptom pattern change: Wallace revisited.", "content": "Social processes and psychiatric symptom pattern change: Wallace revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024957"}
{"pmid": "1024958", "title": "On the interaction of sugar phosphates & cations with UDPglucose 4-epimerase from Saccharomyces fragilis.", "content": "On the interaction of sugar phosphates & cations with UDPglucose 4-epimerase from Saccharomyces fragilis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024958"}
{"pmid": "1024959", "title": "Studies on human trypsin & chymotrypsins.", "content": "Studies on human trypsin & chymotrypsins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024959"}
{"pmid": "1024960", "title": "Natural plant enzyme inhibitors: Part III-purification of protease inhibitors from Lathyrus sativus seeds.", "content": "Natural plant enzyme inhibitors: Part III-purification of protease inhibitors from Lathyrus sativus seeds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024960"}
{"pmid": "1024961", "title": "Acid phosphatase activity in a fresh-water air breathing fish Heteropneustes fossilis & the effect of certain organic pesticides on it.", "content": "Acid phosphatase activity in a fresh-water air breathing fish Heteropneustes fossilis & the effect of certain organic pesticides on it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024961"}
{"pmid": "1024962", "title": "Use of alpha-chymotrypsin in the hydrolysis of esters of p-nitro, p-nitroso, p-amino dihydrocinnamoyl groups used in oligonucleotide synthesis.", "content": "Use of alpha-chymotrypsin in the hydrolysis of esters of p-nitro, p-nitroso, p-amino dihydrocinnamoyl groups used in oligonucleotide synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024962"}
{"pmid": "1024963", "title": "Electronic structure of adenine & possibility of proton tunneling in the A-T base pair of DNA.", "content": "Electronic structure of adenine & possibility of proton tunneling in the A-T base pair of DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024963"}
{"pmid": "1024964", "title": "Studies on acylation of lysolecithin in chicken intestine.", "content": "Studies on acylation of lysolecithin in chicken intestine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024964"}
{"pmid": "1024965", "title": "Positional distribution of fatty acids in phosphatidylethanolamine of Vibrio cholerae 569 B (Inaba) at different growth conditions.", "content": "Positional distribution of fatty acids in phosphatidylethanolamine of Vibrio cholerae 569 B (Inaba) at different growth conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024965"}
{"pmid": "1024966", "title": "Studies on lipopolysaccharide and prostaglandin E1- induced hyperthermia on rabbits: Part I--biochemical changes in liver and muscle.", "content": "Studies on lipopolysaccharide and prostaglandin E1- induced hyperthermia on rabbits: Part I--biochemical changes in liver and muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024966"}
{"pmid": "1024969", "title": "Pathway for the biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid in greening potatoes.", "content": "Pathway for the biosynthesis of delta-aminolevulinic acid in greening potatoes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024969"}
{"pmid": "1024968", "title": "Dietary protein & metabolism of glycoproteins.", "content": "Dietary protein & metabolism of glycoproteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024968"}
{"pmid": "1024967", "title": "Effect of acetyl salicylic acid & prostaglandins on renal & hepatic gluconeogenesis in male albino rats.", "content": "Effect of acetyl salicylic acid & prostaglandins on renal & hepatic gluconeogenesis in male albino rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024967"}
{"pmid": "1024971", "title": "Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides and fructans in Agave vera cruz: Part III-biosynthesis of fructans.", "content": "Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides and fructans in Agave vera cruz: Part III-biosynthesis of fructans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024971"}
{"pmid": "1024970", "title": "Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides and fructans in Agave vera cruz: Part II--biosynthesis of oligosaccharides.", "content": "Biosynthesis of oligosaccharides and fructans in Agave vera cruz: Part II--biosynthesis of oligosaccharides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024970"}
{"pmid": "1024972", "title": "Effect of acetyl salicylic acid & prostaglandins on the rate of anaerobic glycolysis in liver & kidney of rats.", "content": "Effect of acetyl salicylic acid & prostaglandins on the rate of anaerobic glycolysis in liver & kidney of rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024972"}
{"pmid": "1024973", "title": "Comparative studies on the enzymes of different strains of Vibrio cholerae & Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "content": "Comparative studies on the enzymes of different strains of Vibrio cholerae & Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024973"}
{"pmid": "1024974", "title": "Effects of drugs on muscle : Part I--Non-narcotic analgesics.", "content": "Effects of drugs on muscle : Part I--Non-narcotic analgesics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024974"}
{"pmid": "1024975", "title": "Acetylcholinesterase in the heart of scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes (C. L. Koch.).", "content": "Acetylcholinesterase in the heart of scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes (C. L. Koch.).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024975"}
{"pmid": "1024976", "title": "Oxygen uptake capacity in relation to respiratory surface area of an air-breathing siluroid fish Saccobranchus (=Heteropneustes) fossilis (Bloch).", "content": "Oxygen uptake capacity in relation to respiratory surface area of an air-breathing siluroid fish Saccobranchus (=Heteropneustes) fossilis (Bloch).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024976"}
{"pmid": "1024977", "title": "Effect of dietary protein & inositol on sperm metabolism & fructose content of male accessory sex organs of rat.", "content": "Effect of dietary protein & inositol on sperm metabolism & fructose content of male accessory sex organs of rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024977"}
{"pmid": "1024978", "title": "In vitro calculogenesis : an improved experimental model.", "content": "In vitro calculogenesis : an improved experimental model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024978"}
{"pmid": "1024979", "title": "Effect of clomid on thyroids, diencephalic ependyma & subependymal cells in ovariectomized pigeon Columba livia (Gmelin).", "content": "Effect of clomid on thyroids, diencephalic ependyma & subependymal cells in ovariectomized pigeon Columba livia (Gmelin).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024979"}
{"pmid": "1024980", "title": "Mechanism of intestinal absorption of tetracyclines.", "content": "Mechanism of intestinal absorption of tetracyclines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024980"}
{"pmid": "1024981", "title": "Effect of tetramisole upon certain biochemical constituents of Ascaridia galli.", "content": "Effect of tetramisole upon certain biochemical constituents of Ascaridia galli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024981"}
{"pmid": "1024982", "title": "Phenotype of mammalian spermatozoa in relation to genetic content.", "content": "Phenotype of mammalian spermatozoa in relation to genetic content.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024982"}
{"pmid": "1024983", "title": "Effects of a single injection of alpha-chlorohydrin/cadmium chloride into vas deferens on testicular function of dog.", "content": "Effects of a single injection of alpha-chlorohydrin/cadmium chloride into vas deferens on testicular function of dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024983"}
{"pmid": "1024984", "title": "Histochemical observations on gonadotrophic regulation of cholesterol-positive lipid droplets in ovaries of hypophysectomized rats.", "content": "Histochemical observations on gonadotrophic regulation of cholesterol-positive lipid droplets in ovaries of hypophysectomized rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024984"}
{"pmid": "1024986", "title": "Plasma testosterone levels in intact & hemicastrated rabbits.", "content": "Plasma testosterone levels in intact & hemicastrated rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024986"}
{"pmid": "1024985", "title": "Effects of chemical occlusion of vas deferens on the reproductive organs in gerbil Meriones hurrianae Jerdon.", "content": "Effects of chemical occlusion of vas deferens on the reproductive organs in gerbil Meriones hurrianae Jerdon. Male gerbils were sterilized by giving a single injection of a sclerosing chemicial (5% KMnOH) directly into the vasa. After 3 weeks the gerbils were killed. Testes, accessory sex organs, and thyroid and adrenal glands were removed and  weighed. Halves of testis and epididymides were fixed in Bouin's fluid fo r microscopic study. The remaining halves were frozen and total RNA, protein, sialic acid, seminal vasicular fructose, and testicular lipids were later determined.  Cholesterol estimations were also made. 2 weeks following vas injections animals were tested by exposing them to cycling estrous females. 21 days later the females were examined for possible implantation sites. It was shown that the males had  been sterile. Weights of testicles, accessory sex organs, thyroid and adrenal gland remained normal, except that there was a significant increase in the weight of the ventral prostate. No histological changes were found in the testes. Protein  content of the testes, epididymides, and seminal vesicles did not change. A decrease in RNA was noted.  Sialic acid levels did not alter. Cholesterol and total lipids were normal. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the testes and epididymides had not changed after 3 weeks. Vasicular fructose was normal. Complete occlusion of the vasa resulted.  After 100 days there was no return to fertility. The results appear to be permanent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024985"}
{"pmid": "1024987", "title": "Effect of 3-(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)2,2-dimethyl pentanoic acid--an antifertility agent--on in vitro uptake of estradiol 17beta-6, 7(3)-H in rat uterus.", "content": "Effect of 3-(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)2,2-dimethyl pentanoic acid--an antifertility agent--on in vitro uptake of estradiol 17beta-6, 7(3)-H in rat uterus. The effect of 3-(3,4-dihydro-6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)-2,2-dimethyl-pentanoic acid, a potent nonsteroidal antifertility compound, on the uptake of estradiol-17beta-6, 7-tritiated in vitro in the rat uterus was studied.  The estradiol uptake of estrogen-primed and compound-treated groups were the same.  When estradiol and the compound were present in medium at the same time, estradiol uptake was significantly (p less than .01) increased.  The results indicate that the compound synergizes the effect of estradiol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024987"}
{"pmid": "1024988", "title": "Efect of selected metal ions on glutamate dehydrogenase activity in cell-free extracts of goat liver.", "content": "Efect of selected metal ions on glutamate dehydrogenase activity in cell-free extracts of goat liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024988"}
{"pmid": "1024990", "title": "Action of haloperidol on mitoses in Allium cepa.", "content": "Action of haloperidol on mitoses in Allium cepa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024990"}
{"pmid": "1024989", "title": "Screening of Indian plants for antifertility activity.", "content": "Screening of Indian plants for antifertility activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024989"}
{"pmid": "1024991", "title": "Effect of normal & defective vasectomy on the biochemistry of testis & accessory genital organs of dogs.", "content": "Effect of normal & defective vasectomy on the biochemistry of testis & accessory genital organs of dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024991"}
{"pmid": "1024992", "title": "Steroid synthesizing cellular sites in the ovaries of Calotes versicolor (Daud.), Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppel) & Chamaeleon calcaratus (Boulenger): histochemical study.", "content": "Steroid synthesizing cellular sites in the ovaries of Calotes versicolor (Daud.), Hemidactylus flaviviridis (Ruppel) & Chamaeleon calcaratus (Boulenger): histochemical study. A histochemical study of steroid synthesizing cellular sites in the ovaries of Calotes versicolor (Daud.), Hemidactylus flavivirdes (Ruppel) and Chamaeleon calcaratus (Boulenger) is discussed. THe distribution of delta 5-3beta-hydroxysteroid  dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase and reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide diaphorase enzyme  activities was studied in ovaries of the 3 species of lizards. All the enzyme activities occurred in 1) patches of cells of theca interna;  2) granulosa cells of large preovulatory, postovulatory, and atretic follicles;  3) interstitial cells of the ovarian stroma;  and in the 4) ooplasm of the growing oocyte, suggesting their steroidogenic capacity. It was observed that following completion of follicular atresia, the phagocytic granulosa cells degenerate and the remaining cells of theca interna  contribute to the formation of interstitial gland cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024992"}
{"pmid": "1024993", "title": "Oxidation of ephedrine in rat brain.", "content": "Oxidation of ephedrine in rat brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024993"}
{"pmid": "1024994", "title": "Association of a pool of free amino acids with cardiac myofibrils.", "content": "Association of a pool of free amino acids with cardiac myofibrils.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024994"}
{"pmid": "1024997", "title": "Presence of functional renal thyroid in the teleost Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham).", "content": "Presence of functional renal thyroid in the teleost Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024997"}
{"pmid": "1024996", "title": "Cardiovascular effects & mode of action of 1,2 dihydroxyphenyl (4-pyridinium bromide).", "content": "Cardiovascular effects & mode of action of 1,2 dihydroxyphenyl (4-pyridinium bromide).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024996"}
{"pmid": "1024995", "title": "Effect of high altitude stress on lung compliance in rats.", "content": "Effect of high altitude stress on lung compliance in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024995"}
{"pmid": "1024998", "title": "Effect of exogenous testosterone propionate & progesterone on testicular ascorbic acid & cholesterol in relation to spermatogenesis.", "content": "Effect of exogenous testosterone propionate & progesterone on testicular ascorbic acid & cholesterol in relation to spermatogenesis. The effect of exogenous testosterone propionate (TP) and progesterone on testicular ascorbic acid and cholesterol in relation to spermatogenesis was investigated in rat, mouse, guinea pig, pigeon, and toad.  TP and progesterone were injected at a dose of 4 mg/100 gm body weight.  The results revealed a significant increase (p less than .001 or p less than .05) in testicular ascorbic acid and cholesterol levels after treatment in all species of animals except the toad where the cholesterol level decreased after  progesterone treatment.  Histologically, these hormones inhibited spermatogenesis in all species studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024998"}
{"pmid": "1025000", "title": "Hyperthermia & acetylcholine content of dog heart.", "content": "Hyperthermia & acetylcholine content of dog heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025000"}
{"pmid": "1025002", "title": "Effect of different levels of nutrition on heat & methane production in non-lactating zebu cows.", "content": "Effect of different levels of nutrition on heat & methane production in non-lactating zebu cows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025002"}
{"pmid": "1025004", "title": "A-7, a new tetraene antifungal antibiotic.", "content": "A-7, a new tetraene antifungal antibiotic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025004"}
{"pmid": "1025001", "title": "Intestinal absorption of different penicillins.", "content": "Intestinal absorption of different penicillins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025001"}
{"pmid": "1025005", "title": "Accidents and poisoning in children with reference to data from India and Canada.", "content": "Accidents and poisoning in children with reference to data from India and Canada.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025005"}
{"pmid": "1025003", "title": "Antifungal flavonoid from Alpinia officinarum Hance.", "content": "Antifungal flavonoid from Alpinia officinarum Hance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025003"}
{"pmid": "1024999", "title": "Testosterone & lipid metabolism in rabbits.", "content": "Testosterone & lipid metabolism in rabbits. Testosterone and lipid metabolism was studied in rabbits.  The effect of orchidectomy in rabbits fed normal diets and of testosterone propionate administration to these animals on total cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides of serum, liver, aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta as  well as the activity of lipoprotein lipase in the aortic segments and heart was investigated. With a few exceptions, total cholesterol,phospholipids, and triglycerides increased in these tissues in orchidectomized animals and testosterone  counteracted this increase. 3 segments of the aorta revealed variations in response to lipids in the orchidectomized animals as well as in the testosterone administered. Lipoprotein lipase activity decreased in the heart and the 3 aortic  segments on orchidectomy, and testosterone administration caused increased enzyme activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1024999"}
{"pmid": "1025006", "title": "An analysis of 42 cases of intussusception.", "content": "An analysis of 42 cases of intussusception.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025006"}
{"pmid": "1025007", "title": "Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione and heinz bodies in congenital haemolytic anaemia.", "content": "Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, reduced glutathione and heinz bodies in congenital haemolytic anaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025007"}
{"pmid": "1025008", "title": "Anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia.", "content": "Anhydrotic ectodermal dysplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025008"}
{"pmid": "1025009", "title": "Malposition of the midbrain and hindbrain without any clinical manifestations.", "content": "Malposition of the midbrain and hindbrain without any clinical manifestations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025009"}
{"pmid": "1025010", "title": "Assessment of rheumatic activity by laboratory methods.", "content": "Assessment of rheumatic activity by laboratory methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025010"}
{"pmid": "1025011", "title": "Birth injuries in the newborn.", "content": "Birth injuries in the newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025011"}
{"pmid": "1025012", "title": "Bronchiectasis in childhood.", "content": "Bronchiectasis in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025012"}
{"pmid": "1025013", "title": "Foetal haemoglobin concentration in cord blood in relation to gestational age.", "content": "Foetal haemoglobin concentration in cord blood in relation to gestational age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025013"}
{"pmid": "1025017", "title": "Tetanus in childhood.", "content": "Tetanus in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025017"}
{"pmid": "1025016", "title": "Infant feeding practices in urban and rural areas in Madhya Pradesh.", "content": "Infant feeding practices in urban and rural areas in Madhya Pradesh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025016"}
{"pmid": "1025015", "title": "Infant feeding and child rearing methods in Pondicherry, South India.", "content": "Infant feeding and child rearing methods in Pondicherry, South India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025015"}
{"pmid": "1025019", "title": "Influence of severity of diarrhoea on carbohydrate intolerance in well nourished infants.", "content": "Influence of severity of diarrhoea on carbohydrate intolerance in well nourished infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025019"}
{"pmid": "1025018", "title": "Effect of maternal toxaemia on total haemoglobin, foetal haemoglobin and nucleated red blood cells in cord blood.", "content": "Effect of maternal toxaemia on total haemoglobin, foetal haemoglobin and nucleated red blood cells in cord blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025018"}
{"pmid": "1025020", "title": "Cord blood serum proteins and their fractions as an index of neonatal maturity.", "content": "Cord blood serum proteins and their fractions as an index of neonatal maturity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025020"}
{"pmid": "1025022", "title": "Quick nutritional screening by midarm circumference or a bangle.", "content": "Quick nutritional screening by midarm circumference or a bangle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025022"}
{"pmid": "1025024", "title": "Immunization status in a rural community--a study of 360 families.", "content": "Immunization status in a rural community--a study of 360 families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025024"}
{"pmid": "1025021", "title": "Placental protein free alpha amino nitrogen and nucleic acids in maternal under nutrition.", "content": "Placental protein free alpha amino nitrogen and nucleic acids in maternal under nutrition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025021"}
{"pmid": "1025023", "title": "Anthropometric profile of the pre-school children of Punjab.", "content": "Anthropometric profile of the pre-school children of Punjab.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025023"}
{"pmid": "1025026", "title": "Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung--case report.", "content": "Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung--case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025026"}
{"pmid": "1025028", "title": "Clinico--pathological conference.", "content": "Clinico--pathological conference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025028"}
{"pmid": "1025029", "title": "Mesenteric lymphatic cyst.", "content": "Mesenteric lymphatic cyst.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025029"}
{"pmid": "1025027", "title": "Ganser's syndrome: a rare psychiatric disorder.", "content": "Ganser's syndrome: a rare psychiatric disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025027"}
{"pmid": "1025025", "title": "Some aspects of family planning in a defined urban population of Jammu (Kashmir).", "content": "Some aspects of family planning in a defined urban population of Jammu (Kashmir). A study of the impact of several factors, including family structure, socioeconomic status, and maternal education on the family size and on their acceptance of family planning measures was conducted in the urban community of Jammu (Kashmir)  between March 1975-March 1976.  1840 couples where the wife's age was between 15-44 years were studied for their family size and the frequency with which they accepted family planning methods.  59.3% of the couples had more than 2 living children and 42.3% had 4 or more children.  Only 32.7% of the couples had accepted family planning methods - Nirodh/condom, 13.2%;  tubal ligations, 7.6%;  vasectomy, 6.6%;  IUDs, 1.2%;  oral contraceptives, .2%;  and natural methods (coitus interruptus or rhythm), 3.9%.  The reasons which the couples offered for not using contraceptive methods revealed a lack of influence upon them of the family planning motivation.  A greater acceptance of family planning measures was recorded among the couples where the wife's age was between 26-35 years.  While the proportion of acceptance was similar among Socioeconomic Groups 1 and 2, it was much lower among those belonging to Groups 3 and 4.  Whereas the proportion of acceptors among those who had 1 living child was 17% it was 36%, 45.2%, and 39.6%, respectively, among those who had 2, 3, 4, or more living children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025025"}
{"pmid": "1025030", "title": "Detoxification of long-term methadone patients: problems and prospects.", "content": "Detoxification of long-term methadone patients: problems and prospects. Various aspects of the detoxification of rehabilitated methadone patients are considered in the light of experience at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine-Bronx Psychiatric Center MMTP and the reports of others in the field. Patients studied met certain eligibility requirements which were thought to enhance the probability of successful detoxification. A total of 228 (10.4%) of 2,814 patients were included in the project. Sixty-three patients have completed detoxification. A follow-up on these patients indicates that 22.2% claim abstinence from all drugs and are reporting to the clinic, 47.6% claim abstinence but have not reported to the clinic, 14.3% returned to methadone maintenance, and 15.9% are lost to contact. This and other studies emphasize the importance of adequate counseling during detoxification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025030"}
{"pmid": "1025031", "title": "Criminal behavior patterns of female addicts: a comparison of findings in two cities.", "content": "Criminal behavior patterns of female addicts: a comparison of findings in two cities. A great deal of the literature on addiction is devoted to analyses of the relation between drugs of addiction and crime among males. The few studies which have undertaken to describe the relationship between crime and addiction in females have generally concluded that addicted females either become prostitutes or they commit crimes against property. This study of addicted female arrestees in Denver (N = 153) and Philadelphia (N = 227) concluded that the hypothesized either-or pattern of addicted female criminal behavior is overly simplistic. Rather, four criminal behavior patterns of female arrestees are found: (1) prostitutes without a history of serious crimes, (2) females with a history of  serious crimes who are not prostitutes, (3) females who are both prostitutes and commit serious crimes, and (4) females who are not prostitutes and who commit only minor offenses. The utility of the four-pattern typology is borne out by analyses which indicate that these patterns are typical of different groups of female addicts and are not stages in a unitary socialization pattern involving drugs, prostitution, and crime.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025031"}
{"pmid": "1025032", "title": "Alpha conditioning as an adjunct treatment for drug dependence: part I.", "content": "Alpha conditioning as an adjunct treatment for drug dependence: part I. The effects of alpha conditioning on the habits of four methadone maintained patients were assessed. All four learned some control over alpha activity in the 5-week, 10-session training period. The most striking results, however, related to the subjects' substitution of self-initiated mental states associated with alpha for previously used drug-seeking or self-medicating methods of coping with everday problem situations. All four subject reported a decrease in illicit drug usage and an increased feeling of self-control. Verification of improvement in adjustment and drug abuse was shown by counseling reports and narcotic screens from the maintenance program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025032"}
{"pmid": "1025014", "title": "Progeria with osteoarthritis in a four-year-old girl. A case report.", "content": "Progeria with osteoarthritis in a four-year-old girl. A case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025014"}
{"pmid": "1025033", "title": "The use of l-alpha-acetylmethadol in treatment of heroin addiction: an open study.", "content": "The use of l-alpha-acetylmethadol in treatment of heroin addiction: an open study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025033"}
{"pmid": "1025035", "title": "In vitro cultivation of Schistosoma japonicum.", "content": "In vitro cultivation of Schistosoma japonicum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025035"}
{"pmid": "1025034", "title": "Characteristics of new admissions to a narcotics treatment program: 1970-1974.", "content": "Characteristics of new admissions to a narcotics treatment program: 1970-1974. Study was made of the demographic and drug-using characteristics of new admissions to a narcotic treatment program over the course of a 4-year period. Samples were drawn of 100 new admissions during the month of April in each year from 1970 to 1974. Results indicate that the treatment program under study came to be working with caseloads increasingly court referred, increasingly nonminority, and less frequently prepared to volunteer for methadone maintenance treatment. New admissions claimed to have delayed entrance into treatment based on the geographic inaccessibility of treatment programs or the fact that they did not consider themselves ready for treatment. Implications for the provision of treatment to heroin users are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025034"}
{"pmid": "1025036", "title": "Urban dogs in Houston, Texas--parasitic infection and environmental health impact.", "content": "Urban dogs in Houston, Texas--parasitic infection and environmental health impact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025036"}
{"pmid": "1025037", "title": "Zoonoses in Cyprus. Past and present including a comment on the public health.", "content": "Zoonoses in Cyprus. Past and present including a comment on the public health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025037"}
{"pmid": "1025039", "title": "A comparison of buoyant density and polypeptides of Drosophila P, C and A viruses.", "content": "A comparison of buoyant density and polypeptides of Drosophila P, C and A viruses. On the basis of their buoyant densities in CsCl and their capsid polypeptides, three viruses isolated from Drosophila spp. which were originally described as serotypes, are now classified as distinct viruses. The biochemical properties of each virus suggest that it has several key features in common with the mammalian picornaviruses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025039"}
{"pmid": "1025041", "title": "Antibiotic residues in human foods derived from animals.", "content": "Antibiotic residues in human foods derived from animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025041"}
{"pmid": "1025040", "title": "Two and two make five---multifactoriogenesis in mental illness in Ireland.", "content": "Two and two make five---multifactoriogenesis in mental illness in Ireland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025040"}
{"pmid": "1025046", "title": "Dissolution properties of digoxin tablets marketed in the Republic of Ireland.", "content": "Dissolution properties of digoxin tablets marketed in the Republic of Ireland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025046"}
{"pmid": "1025038", "title": "Studies on the zoonotic cycle of Taenia saginata taeniasis and cysticercosis in the Philippines.", "content": "Studies on the zoonotic cycle of Taenia saginata taeniasis and cysticercosis in the Philippines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025038"}
{"pmid": "1025042", "title": "Radical radiotherapy in the management of prostatic carcinoma. A review of current literature.", "content": "Radical radiotherapy in the management of prostatic carcinoma. A review of current literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025042"}
{"pmid": "1025044", "title": "Neurophysiology---part VI.", "content": "Neurophysiology---part VI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025044"}
{"pmid": "1025045", "title": "The professional man: education and assessment.", "content": "The professional man: education and assessment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025045"}
{"pmid": "1025043", "title": "Paraquat poisoning.---Report of a survivor.", "content": "Paraquat poisoning.---Report of a survivor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025043"}
{"pmid": "1025047", "title": "Turmoral calcinosis-an obscure disease. A report of four cases.", "content": "Turmoral calcinosis-an obscure disease. A report of four cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025047"}
{"pmid": "1025048", "title": "MacLeod's syndrome.", "content": "MacLeod's syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025048"}
{"pmid": "1025049", "title": "Leptospirosis and acalculous cholecystitis.", "content": "Leptospirosis and acalculous cholecystitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025049"}
{"pmid": "1025050", "title": "Toward a utility theory foundation for health status index models.", "content": "Toward a utility theory foundation for health status index models. The axioms of utility theory are restated in terms of health outcomes, and some additional assumptions, consistent with the assumptions implicit in health status index models, are adduced to develop a consistent theory of the utility of health states. On the basis of the axioms and specific assumptions, techniques for measuring the health utility functions of individuals are described, and it is shown how these axioms and assumptions may be used to determine the utility to the individual of health programs that will affect him in various ways.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025050"}
{"pmid": "1025051", "title": "Neglected aspects of the quality of life.", "content": "Neglected aspects of the quality of life. Health status indexes have focused on physical function such as the activities of daily living, perhaps because the National Health Survey provides data of this sort or because it is the object of rehabilitation programs. In an attempt to elicit values concerning loss of function, 150 health workers were asked to assign weights from zero to 10 for 50 abilities or functions. Serious methodological problems were encountered in finding terms describing functional loss that were simple and meaningful to a wide range of workers. In addition, an open-ended request was made to identify other functions not included in the list. The largest average values were assigned to ability to use one's mental abilities, to see, to think clearly, to love and be loved in return, to make decisions for oneself, to live at home, to walk, to maintain contact with family and friends, and to talk. Some of the functional loss implied in these responses may not be amenable to cure or rehabilitation but may be preventable and thus needs to be included in outcome measures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025051"}
{"pmid": "1025052", "title": "Development and application of an index of social function.", "content": "Development and application of an index of social function. Brief indexes of social function were constructed in a project to develop a health index questionnaire designed to measure the social, emotional, and physical function of free-living populations. The social function items have been found to be generally applicable, capable of application by lay interviewers, and acceptable to interviewees. Initial evaluations to form composite scores for social function items have demonstrated their validity against concurrent assessments of a health professional. These social function indexes have been successfully applied in two randomized trials of innovative primary care services. The criteria for inclusion of items in the social function index questionnaire, the generation of the instrument, and the evaluation of questionnaire responses for their validity are summarized here.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025052"}
{"pmid": "1025053", "title": "Making annual indexes of health.", "content": "Making annual indexes of health. A discrete-state, continuous-time Markov model of health states and state transition probabilities is outlined as the basis of a health index that would reflect the annual health distribution and expected health changes of a population. The final index is an additive one, summing expected durations of the various health states over the entire population sample. The weights attached to the expected durations are derived from the instantaneous incidence rates, or intensity functions, that define the transition  probabilities. A general procedure for collecting data during overlapping 6-week periods from numerous population subsamples is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025053"}
{"pmid": "1025054", "title": "Health status: patient and physician judgments.", "content": "Health status: patient and physician judgments. Patients at a rehabilitation center in Derbyshire, England, were asked to assess their own functional abilities at admission and again at discharge, using an 82-item questionnaire concerning 12 areas of daily living. Questionnaire responses were correlated with results of physical examinations, assessments by center personnel, and assessments of capacity for specific body movements. The highest correlations were observed in areas that related most directly to physical movements and to dressing and toileting. The results suggest that self-assessment of health status using this questionnaire may provide a viable alternative to judgments made by trained assessors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025054"}
{"pmid": "1025055", "title": "Validation of an interval scaling: the sickness impact profile.", "content": "Validation of an interval scaling: the sickness impact profile. The Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) is a measure of sickness-related behavioral dysfunction consisting of 189 items in 14 topic categories. To increase its discrimination, precision, and sensitivity in accounting for variance, the decision was made to scale the instrument. A two-step direct scaling procedure was used in order to avoid the monumental scaling tasks required by indirect procedures that guarantee equal-interval results; but because an equal-interval scale was needed, it was necessary to validate the scale values obtained and investigated the equal-intervval properties of the obtained scale. A three-stage validation process is described, consisting of an initial scaling by a group of 25 health professionals and students in 1973, a second scaling by 108 members of a prepaid group health plan in 1975, and an investigation of the metric properties of the resulting scale values. In addition, the concept of dysfunction underlying the SIP was validated. SIP scores from a field trial were compared with mean ratings of severity of dysfunction represented by the combinations of checked items from which the scores were derived.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025055"}
{"pmid": "1025060", "title": "Educating patients on spinal cord injury unit for self-medication.", "content": "Educating patients on spinal cord injury unit for self-medication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025060"}
{"pmid": "1025061", "title": "Medication error reports.", "content": "Medication error reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025061"}
{"pmid": "1025062", "title": "What are you doing about poor labeling of injectables.", "content": "What are you doing about poor labeling of injectables.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025062"}
{"pmid": "1025063", "title": "Current status of pharmacy services in large hospitals.", "content": "Current status of pharmacy services in large hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025063"}
{"pmid": "1025064", "title": "No trade names for cancer chemotherapy agents.", "content": "No trade names for cancer chemotherapy agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025064"}
{"pmid": "1025065", "title": "Implementation of a fundamental training program for hospital pharmacy technicians.", "content": "Implementation of a fundamental training program for hospital pharmacy technicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025065"}
{"pmid": "1025068", "title": "Medication error reports.", "content": "Medication error reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025068"}
{"pmid": "1025056", "title": "The malpractice crisis.", "content": "The malpractice crisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025056"}
{"pmid": "1025067", "title": "An innovative approach to methadone distribution in a psychiatric hospital.", "content": "An innovative approach to methadone distribution in a psychiatric hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025067"}
{"pmid": "1025070", "title": "A communications method for pharmacists in a decentralized unit dose system.", "content": "A communications method for pharmacists in a decentralized unit dose system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025070"}
{"pmid": "1025069", "title": "Medication error reports.", "content": "Medication error reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025069"}
{"pmid": "1025057", "title": "FMGs: a case of retributive justice.", "content": "FMGs: a case of retributive justice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025057"}
{"pmid": "1025072", "title": "Drug counselling with the aid of a drug education monograph.", "content": "Drug counselling with the aid of a drug education monograph.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025072"}
{"pmid": "1025073", "title": "The role of the pharmacist in helping the alcoholic patient during recovery.", "content": "The role of the pharmacist in helping the alcoholic patient during recovery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025073"}
{"pmid": "1025071", "title": "A method of documenting drug-related problems to improve pharmacy service.", "content": "A method of documenting drug-related problems to improve pharmacy service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025071"}
{"pmid": "1025058", "title": "Overbedding the suburbs.", "content": "Overbedding the suburbs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025058"}
{"pmid": "1025075", "title": "Psychotherapy of the depressive character.", "content": "Psychotherapy of the depressive character.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025075"}
{"pmid": "1025074", "title": "The psychodynamics of neurotic depression.", "content": "The psychodynamics of neurotic depression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025074"}
{"pmid": "1025076", "title": "Dependency-self-esteem-clinical depression.", "content": "Dependency-self-esteem-clinical depression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025076"}
{"pmid": "1025077", "title": "An intrapsychic-interpersonal theory of depression.", "content": "An intrapsychic-interpersonal theory of depression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025077"}
{"pmid": "1025059", "title": "Economic crisis.", "content": "Economic crisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025059"}
{"pmid": "1025078", "title": "Depression: some updated thoughts.", "content": "Depression: some updated thoughts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025078"}
{"pmid": "1025079", "title": "Psychoanalysis and anthropology: some considerations.", "content": "Psychoanalysis and anthropology: some considerations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025079"}
{"pmid": "1025080", "title": "To believe or not to believe.", "content": "To believe or not to believe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025080"}
{"pmid": "1025081", "title": "Cultural aspects of transference and countertransference revisited.", "content": "Cultural aspects of transference and countertransference revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025081"}
{"pmid": "1025082", "title": "Simultaneous analysis of child and parent by the same analyst.", "content": "Simultaneous analysis of child and parent by the same analyst.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025082"}
{"pmid": "1025083", "title": "On the psychosexual development of the female child.", "content": "On the psychosexual development of the female child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025083"}
{"pmid": "1025084", "title": "The humane society.", "content": "The humane society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025084"}
{"pmid": "1025085", "title": "Presidential address.", "content": "Presidential address.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025085"}
{"pmid": "1025086", "title": "Basic rehabilitation nursing techniques: a cooperative hospital/medical school model for continuing education.", "content": "Basic rehabilitation nursing techniques: a cooperative hospital/medical school model for continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025086"}
{"pmid": "1025087", "title": "Predicting academic success in allied health curricula.", "content": "Predicting academic success in allied health curricula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025087"}
{"pmid": "1025088", "title": "The health field concept. Its implications for educating health professionals.", "content": "The health field concept. Its implications for educating health professionals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025088"}
{"pmid": "1025089", "title": "Use of a Biographical Data Inventory to identify behavioral correlates of practicing medical technologists: an exploratory study.", "content": "Use of a Biographical Data Inventory to identify behavioral correlates of practicing medical technologists: an exploratory study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025089"}
{"pmid": "1025090", "title": "Potential patterns: drug administration.", "content": "Potential patterns: drug administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025090"}
{"pmid": "1025091", "title": "Solving the 1976 health issues today.", "content": "Solving the 1976 health issues today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025091"}
{"pmid": "1025092", "title": "Acupuncture in the People's Republic of China.", "content": "Acupuncture in the People's Republic of China.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025092"}
{"pmid": "1025093", "title": "Institutional linkage for training health technicians.", "content": "Institutional linkage for training health technicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025093"}
{"pmid": "1025094", "title": "Highlights in the evolution of hospital-based patient education programs.", "content": "Highlights in the evolution of hospital-based patient education programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025094"}
{"pmid": "1025096", "title": "Health services developments: innovative strategies in the People's Republic of China.", "content": "Health services developments: innovative strategies in the People's Republic of China.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025096"}
{"pmid": "1025095", "title": "Planning for educating allied health personnel in Minnesota: the first steps in a major project.", "content": "Planning for educating allied health personnel in Minnesota: the first steps in a major project.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025095"}
{"pmid": "1025097", "title": "A curriculum for faculty.", "content": "A curriculum for faculty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025097"}
{"pmid": "1025098", "title": "Barefoot doctors and health care in China.", "content": "Barefoot doctors and health care in China.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025098"}
{"pmid": "1025100", "title": "The diagnostic dilemma of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis.", "content": "The diagnostic dilemma of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025100"}
{"pmid": "1025099", "title": "Vaccines, poliomyelitis, and the Guillain-Barré syndrome.", "content": "Vaccines, poliomyelitis, and the Guillain-Barré syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025099"}
{"pmid": "1025101", "title": "The neglect and abuse of children.", "content": "The neglect and abuse of children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025101"}
{"pmid": "1025102", "title": "Treatment of bronchial asthma.", "content": "Treatment of bronchial asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025102"}
{"pmid": "1025103", "title": "Provocative testing for food allergy diagnosis.", "content": "Provocative testing for food allergy diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025103"}
{"pmid": "1025104", "title": "Report on small vessel changes in the diabetic heart.", "content": "Report on small vessel changes in the diabetic heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025104"}
{"pmid": "1025105", "title": "Platelet adhesiveness in cases of diabetes mellitus before and after antidiabetic drugs.", "content": "Platelet adhesiveness in cases of diabetes mellitus before and after antidiabetic drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025105"}
{"pmid": "1025106", "title": "Technetium-99m uptake in the assessment of hyperthyroidism.", "content": "Technetium-99m uptake in the assessment of hyperthyroidism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025106"}
{"pmid": "1025107", "title": "Gastric secretory response to pentagastrin in normals and peptic ulcer subjects.", "content": "Gastric secretory response to pentagastrin in normals and peptic ulcer subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025107"}
{"pmid": "1025109", "title": "Hepatocellular function in thalassaemia.", "content": "Hepatocellular function in thalassaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025109"}
{"pmid": "1025108", "title": "A preliminary study of serum aldolase level in hepatic amoebiasis.", "content": "A preliminary study of serum aldolase level in hepatic amoebiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025108"}
{"pmid": "1025110", "title": "Disseminated intravascular coagulation in cases of snake bite (Echis carinatus).", "content": "Disseminated intravascular coagulation in cases of snake bite (Echis carinatus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025110"}
{"pmid": "1025111", "title": "Beta adrenergic blockade in hypertension.", "content": "Beta adrenergic blockade in hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025111"}
{"pmid": "1025114", "title": "Technetium uptake studies in thyroid diseases.", "content": "Technetium uptake studies in thyroid diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025114"}
{"pmid": "1025112", "title": "Serum amino-acids in cases of pellagra.", "content": "Serum amino-acids in cases of pellagra.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025112"}
{"pmid": "1025113", "title": "Diabetes and platelet adhesiveness.", "content": "Diabetes and platelet adhesiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025113"}
{"pmid": "1025117", "title": "Congenital hereditary nystagmus with head nodding.", "content": "Congenital hereditary nystagmus with head nodding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025117"}
{"pmid": "1025115", "title": "Arachnodactyly, aminoaciduria, congenital cataract, cerebellar ataxia and delayed developmental milestones--a new cerebro-oculo-renal syndrome?", "content": "Arachnodactyly, aminoaciduria, congenital cataract, cerebellar ataxia and delayed developmental milestones--a new cerebro-oculo-renal syndrome?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025115"}
{"pmid": "1025116", "title": "Memory impairment with ethambutol (a case report).", "content": "Memory impairment with ethambutol (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025116"}
{"pmid": "1025119", "title": "Serum creatine phosphokinase in tetanus.", "content": "Serum creatine phosphokinase in tetanus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025119"}
{"pmid": "1025118", "title": "Significance of gastric mucin in the aetiopathogenesis of chronic duodenal ulcer.", "content": "Significance of gastric mucin in the aetiopathogenesis of chronic duodenal ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025118"}
{"pmid": "1025122", "title": "Clonidine in hypertension.", "content": "Clonidine in hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025122"}
{"pmid": "1025121", "title": "Bladder and renal dysfunctions in non traumatic paraplegia.", "content": "Bladder and renal dysfunctions in non traumatic paraplegia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025121"}
{"pmid": "1025120", "title": "Clinical trail with clonidine hydrochloride.", "content": "Clinical trail with clonidine hydrochloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025120"}
{"pmid": "1025123", "title": "Bladder and renal dysfunction in paraplegia.", "content": "Bladder and renal dysfunction in paraplegia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025123"}
{"pmid": "1025127", "title": "Uncommon presentation of toxoplasmosis--a case report.", "content": "Uncommon presentation of toxoplasmosis--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025127"}
{"pmid": "1025128", "title": "Thymectomy in myasthenia gravis.", "content": "Thymectomy in myasthenia gravis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025128"}
{"pmid": "1025126", "title": "Complete congenital absence of left pericardium.", "content": "Complete congenital absence of left pericardium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025126"}
{"pmid": "1025125", "title": "Bacteremia due to Salmonella arizonae.", "content": "Bacteremia due to Salmonella arizonae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025125"}
{"pmid": "1025124", "title": "Toxoplasmosis.", "content": "Toxoplasmosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025124"}
{"pmid": "1025129", "title": "Is the central nervous system ever involved in muscular dystrophy?", "content": "Is the central nervous system ever involved in muscular dystrophy?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025129"}
{"pmid": "1025130", "title": "Psychiatric aspects of haemodialysis.", "content": "Psychiatric aspects of haemodialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025130"}
{"pmid": "1025131", "title": "Study of albumin metabolism in Indian nephrotics.", "content": "Study of albumin metabolism in Indian nephrotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025131"}
{"pmid": "1025132", "title": "Serum magnesium in hepatic diseases.", "content": "Serum magnesium in hepatic diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025132"}
{"pmid": "1025133", "title": "Role of kidney in protein kinetics.", "content": "Role of kidney in protein kinetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025133"}
{"pmid": "1025134", "title": "A new look at transposition of great arteries.", "content": "A new look at transposition of great arteries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025134"}
{"pmid": "1025135", "title": "Neurotoxic snake bite--dramatic recovery following neostigmine therapy.", "content": "Neurotoxic snake bite--dramatic recovery following neostigmine therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025135"}
{"pmid": "1025136", "title": "Inferior vena caval obstruction. Some unusual manifestations in a case.", "content": "Inferior vena caval obstruction. Some unusual manifestations in a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025136"}
{"pmid": "1025137", "title": "Hereditary nephritis--a family study.", "content": "Hereditary nephritis--a family study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025137"}
{"pmid": "1025138", "title": "Intravenous congo red test in pulmonary tuberculosis for detection of amyloidosis, its value and limitations.", "content": "Intravenous congo red test in pulmonary tuberculosis for detection of amyloidosis, its value and limitations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025138"}
{"pmid": "1025139", "title": "Clonidine in the treatment of hypertension.", "content": "Clonidine in the treatment of hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025139"}
{"pmid": "1025140", "title": "Studies on pseudocholinesterase in patients with coronary artery disease.", "content": "Studies on pseudocholinesterase in patients with coronary artery disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025140"}
{"pmid": "1025141", "title": "Systemic lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Systemic lupus erythematosus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025141"}
{"pmid": "1025142", "title": "Evaluation of peritoneal biopsy and ascitic fluid examination in the etiological diagnosis of ascites.", "content": "Evaluation of peritoneal biopsy and ascitic fluid examination in the etiological diagnosis of ascites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025142"}
{"pmid": "1025143", "title": "An epidemiological and neuropsychiatric study of writers cramp.", "content": "An epidemiological and neuropsychiatric study of writers cramp.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025143"}
{"pmid": "1025144", "title": "Hepatitis B antigen and hepatic cirrhosis in tropics.", "content": "Hepatitis B antigen and hepatic cirrhosis in tropics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025144"}
{"pmid": "1025145", "title": "Arsenic content of drinking water in villages in Northern India. A concept of arsenicosis.", "content": "Arsenic content of drinking water in villages in Northern India. A concept of arsenicosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025145"}
{"pmid": "1025146", "title": "Auto-immunity and diabetes.", "content": "Auto-immunity and diabetes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025146"}
{"pmid": "1025147", "title": "Serum enzymes in ischemic myocardial injury.", "content": "Serum enzymes in ischemic myocardial injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025147"}
{"pmid": "1025149", "title": "Tuberculosis of colon--common or uncommon.", "content": "Tuberculosis of colon--common or uncommon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025149"}
{"pmid": "1025148", "title": "Cirrhosis: \"portal\" and \"post necrotic\".", "content": "Cirrhosis: \"portal\" and \"post necrotic\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025148"}
{"pmid": "1025150", "title": "Tubercular colitis simulating ulcerative colitis.", "content": "Tubercular colitis simulating ulcerative colitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025150"}
{"pmid": "1025151", "title": "Broncho-biliary fistula. (An unusual presentation of hepatic hydatid cyst).", "content": "Broncho-biliary fistula. (An unusual presentation of hepatic hydatid cyst).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025151"}
{"pmid": "1025152", "title": "Membrane specializations of dentritic spines and glia in the weaver mouse cerebellum: a freeze-fracture study.", "content": "Membrane specializations of dentritic spines and glia in the weaver mouse cerebellum: a freeze-fracture study. Electron microscopy of thin-sectioned and freeze-fractured preparations of the cerebellum of the weaver mouse indicates that the dendritic spines are morphologically identical to those of their normal littermates. The weaver dendritic spines have been characterized as \"unattached\" since the synaptic input from the parallel fibers is absent (8-10). The entire region around the dendritic spines is taken up by astrocytic processes in the weaver. The outer fracture face of a normal dendritic spine contains aggregations of 10-nm wide particles in the immediate postsynaptic region. Similar particle aggregations occur in the unattached spines of the weaver. Freeze-fracture preparations reveal rectilinear arrays of particles, having a 7-nm center-to-center distance in the glial membranes. Rectilinear arrays are apparently distributed throughout the astrocyte membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025152"}
{"pmid": "1025155", "title": "Fusion of the envelope of mucous droplets with the luminal plasma membrane in acinar cells of the cat submandibular gland.", "content": "Fusion of the envelope of mucous droplets with the luminal plasma membrane in acinar cells of the cat submandibular gland. The release of mucus from acinar cells of the cat submandibular gland was examined by electron microscopy. The limiting membrane of mucous droplets fuses with the luminal plasma membrane to form a five-layered contact. This is converted to a three-layered membrane (unit membrane) by avulsion of the plasmalemma. Attenuation and rupture of this membranous barrier permits the contents of the mucous droplets to flow into the lumen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025155"}
{"pmid": "1025164", "title": "The teacher/doctor coordinating form--an instrument in rehabilitation of the partially sighted child.", "content": "The teacher/doctor coordinating form--an instrument in rehabilitation of the partially sighted child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025164"}
{"pmid": "1025153", "title": "A filamentous cytoskeleton in vertebrate smooth muscle fibers.", "content": "A filamentous cytoskeleton in vertebrate smooth muscle fibers. There are three classes of myofilaments in vertebrate smooth muscle fibers. The thin filaments correspond to actin and the thick filaments are identified with myosin. The third class of myofilaments (100 A diam) is distinguished from both the actin and the myosin on the basis of fine structure, solubility, and pattern of localization in the muscle fibers. Direct structural evidence is presented to show that the 100A filament constitute an integrated filamentous network with the dense bodies in the sarcoplasm, and that they are not connected to either the actin or myosin filaments. Examination of (a) isolated dense bodies, (b) series of consecutive sections through the dense bodies, and (c) redistributed dense bodies in stretched muscle fibers supports this conclusion. It follows that the 100-A filaments complexes constitute a structrally distinct filamentous network. Analysis of polyacrylamide gels after electrophoresis of cell fractions that are enriched with respect to the 100-A filaments shows the presence of a new muscle protein with a molecular weight of 55,000. This protein can form filamentous segments that closely resemble in structure the native, isolated 100-A filaments. The results indicate that the filamentous network has a structure and composition that distinguish it from the actin and myosin in vertebrate smooth muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025153"}
{"pmid": "1025163", "title": "A training sequence for low vision patients.", "content": "A training sequence for low vision patients. A structured training program for teaching low vision patients to efficiently use their optical aids for reading tasks is presented. The arguments for the use of this particular training sequence is supported through the sample patient histories. The training sequences can be developed in any low vision practice and the materials are readily available. The importance of training in a low vision program is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025163"}
{"pmid": "1025165", "title": "A low vision screening clinic.", "content": "A low vision screening clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025165"}
{"pmid": "1025157", "title": "In vivo induction of tight junction proliferation in rat liver.", "content": "In vivo induction of tight junction proliferation in rat liver. The chronic administration of phalloidin induces an extensive development of tight junctions between rat hepatocytes. The junctional strands lose their predominantly parallel orientation with respect to the canalicular lumen and extend abluminally in irregular patterns which cover large membrane areas at considerable distance from the bile canaliculi. These changes indicate both proliferation and provide further evidence that these junctions are not permanent differentiations of the cell membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025157"}
{"pmid": "1025166", "title": "Eccentric viewing training.", "content": "Eccentric viewing training. Eccentric viewing training seeks to train subjects to utilize a paramacular area of the retina for seeing when the macular area is damaged. The present paper demonstrates two techniques for training eccentric viewing, as well as a method for measuring impovement in the use of the paramacular area. Both techniques are inexpensive, can be administered by a technician, and do not require an extensive training period. However, there are indications the two techniques are not comparable in effectiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025166"}
{"pmid": "1025168", "title": "Low achieving child.", "content": "Low achieving child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025168"}
{"pmid": "1025169", "title": "The influence of visual field testing procedure on blind spot size.", "content": "The influence of visual field testing procedure on blind spot size. Blind spots as measured by three different testing instruments were shown to be significantly different. These size variations seem to be related to the target contrast provided by the instrumentation. The need for instrument standardization in perimetry is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025169"}
{"pmid": "1025154", "title": "Reversibility of cell surface label rearrangement.", "content": "Reversibility of cell surface label rearrangement. Cell surface labeling can cause rearrangements of randomly distributed membrane components. Removal of the label bound to the cell surface allows the membrane components to return to their original random distribution, demonstrating that label is necessary to maintain as well as to induce rearrangements. With scanning electron microscopy, the rearrangement of concanavalin A (con A) and ricin binding sites on LA-9 cells has been followed by means of hemocyanin, a visual label. The removal of con A from its binding sites at the cell surface with alpha-methyl mannoside, and the return of these sites to their original distribution are also followed in this manner. There are labeling differences with con A and ricin. Under some conditions, however, the same rearrangements are seen with both lectins. The disappearance of labeled sites from areas of ruffling activity is a major feature of the rearrangements seen. Both this ruffling activity and the rearrangement of label are sensitive to cytochalasin B, and ruffling activity, perhaps along with other cytochalasin-sensitive structure, may play a role in the rearrangements of labeled sites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025154"}
{"pmid": "1025167", "title": "Low vision applications for programmable pocket calculators.", "content": "Low vision applications for programmable pocket calculators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025167"}
{"pmid": "1025156", "title": "Concanavalin A induces microtubule assembly and specific granule discharge in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.", "content": "Concanavalin A induces microtubule assembly and specific granule discharge in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Human neutrophils stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A, 100 microng/ml) contained markedly enhanced numbers of microtubules and discharged peroxidase-negative (specific) but not peroxidase-position (azurophile) granules. Release of lysozyme from specific granules was dose and time dependent, could be inhibitied by alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, and enhanced by cytochalasin B. Many microtubules were associated with internalized plasma membrane bearing Con A binding sites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025156"}
{"pmid": "1025170", "title": "Accommodation and vergence with the Brewster stereoscope.", "content": "Accommodation and vergence with the Brewster stereoscope. In this paper, formulas are derived to determine the accommodative and vergence stimuli for any target or patient in a Brewster type stereoscope. Using these formulas, tables have been prepared that will allow the clinician to quickly determine the stimuli to accommodation and vergence for any given patient and target situation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025170"}
{"pmid": "1025171", "title": "Effect of corneal lens fenestration on edema and spectacle blur.", "content": "Effect of corneal lens fenestration on edema and spectacle blur. This paper is a clinical discussion of the effects of corneal lens fenestration on visible corneal edema and spectacle blur. Most of the discussion centers about photo slit lamp material selected to illustrate some of the author's experience with the subject. Although everyone does not benefit from fenestration, photographs show several cases in which visible corneal edema is reduced. Among patient impressions, the outstanding benefit is reduction of spectacle blur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025171"}
{"pmid": "1025172", "title": "The automatic occluder, a new concept.", "content": "The automatic occluder, a new concept. An electro-mechanical occluder is described for use in treating problems of binocular vision. A number of methods of achieving the automatic occluder goal are reviewed. Early results of clinical studies now in progress indicate that the \"autocluder\" has unique clinical usefulness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025172"}
{"pmid": "1025173", "title": "Case report: the pseudo-Argyll-Robertson pupil.", "content": "Case report: the pseudo-Argyll-Robertson pupil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025173"}
{"pmid": "1025174", "title": "Complete optometric care.", "content": "Complete optometric care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025174"}
{"pmid": "1025187", "title": "Peroneus longus tendon lengthening as an adjuvant measure in cavus foot surgery.", "content": "Peroneus longus tendon lengthening as an adjuvant measure in cavus foot surgery. Lengthening of the peroneus longus tendon is very important when performing cavus foot surgery. This tendon directly affects all three components (varus heel, increased arch height, and forefoot adduction) of the idiopathic cavus foot which can be accounted for by increased strength and activity of the peroneus muscle. The deforming force is removed or weakened according to the degree, duration and rigidity of the cavus foot by lengthening or transferring the tendon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025187"}
{"pmid": "1025185", "title": "Procedures to correct hallux abducto valgus and metatarsus primus adductus.", "content": "Procedures to correct hallux abducto valgus and metatarsus primus adductus. Four procedures are presented to correct hallux abducto valgus and metatarsus primus adductus in the child between the ages of 3 and 7 years. A new procedure is introduced: a subtalar extra-articular lateral arthroereisis, and an erasure procedure of the epiphysis is discussed. An important new concept in pediatric podiatry is introduced: it is often possible to prevent major surgery in the adult by performing a minor procedure in the young child. Finally, a Reverdin's procedure to correct the articular set angle in adults is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025185"}
{"pmid": "1025186", "title": "Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the calcaneus: case report.", "content": "Metastatic adenocarcinoma of the calcaneus: case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025186"}
{"pmid": "1025175", "title": "Nystagmus and soft lenses.", "content": "Nystagmus and soft lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025175"}
{"pmid": "1025188", "title": "Postsurgical management of the runner.", "content": "Postsurgical management of the runner. After surgery, it is very important for a runner to maintain foot and leg flexibility and muscle strength. Isometric exercises, the type of muscular contractions that occur when the ends of the muscles are fixed (so activity is evidenced by increase in tension without change in length), are very useful as they develop power and strength and help in regaining power and strength lost by injuried muscles. Isometrics are of greater value when performed in several daily sessions instead of once a day.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025188"}
{"pmid": "1025190", "title": "Actinomyces of the hallux: a case report.", "content": "Actinomyces of the hallux: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025190"}
{"pmid": "1025189", "title": "Polydactylism--dural halluces.", "content": "Polydactylism--dural halluces. This type of deformity does not appear often in any podiatric practice. An adequate regimen should be used to reduce deformity and, hopefully, to improve, or at least maintain, adequate function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025189"}
{"pmid": "1025191", "title": "Cavernous hemangioma of the foot.", "content": "Cavernous hemangioma of the foot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025191"}
{"pmid": "1025192", "title": "The prevention of wound infections with the use of local antibiotics.", "content": "The prevention of wound infections with the use of local antibiotics. The local use of kanamycin, a broad spectrum antibiotic, has been successful in preventing primary wound infections. There have been no instances of drug reaction or sensitivity when kanamycin is used as a dilute topical irrigating solution. Secondary wound infections, which occurred in two cases, responded to local and systemic antibiotic therapy. Kanamycin can be recommended as an effective and safe topical antibiotic to prevent wound infections in foot surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025192"}
{"pmid": "1025194", "title": "Melanotic whitlow: a case report.", "content": "Melanotic whitlow: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025194"}
{"pmid": "1025193", "title": "Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus: discussion and case report.", "content": "Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus: discussion and case report. A brief discussion of the salient clinicopathologic features of an entity known as osteochondritis dissecans and an illustrative case have been presented. High quality radiographic studies are of prime importance in formulating the diagnosis. Successful treatment of this relatively uncommon lesion can be provided once a thorough evaluation is made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025193"}
{"pmid": "1025195", "title": "Recurrent dislocation of first metatarsophalangeal joint: a case report.", "content": "Recurrent dislocation of first metatarsophalangeal joint: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025195"}
{"pmid": "1025198", "title": "Clinical laboratory studies for the podiatric surgical patient.", "content": "Clinical laboratory studies for the podiatric surgical patient. Doctor Arden emphasizes the mimportance of the preoperative history and physical examination, including clinical laboratory studies, on all podiatric surgical patients. He discusses the complete blood count, coagulation studies, blood chemistry, serologic tests for syphilis, and urinalysis. These clinical studies may give evidence of undetected disease which could have a major impact on the surgery to be performed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025198"}
{"pmid": "1025199", "title": "Chondromyxoid fibroma: a case report.", "content": "Chondromyxoid fibroma: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025199"}
{"pmid": "1025196", "title": "Triple arthrodesis.", "content": "Triple arthrodesis. Arthrodesis, the surgical fusion of a joint or joints when motion is undesirable, is one of the most exacting surgical procedures performed on the foot. In this article, the authors discuss arthrodesing techniques from the earliest attempts in 1878 to the more sophisticated and more successful corrective procedures of the present day. Their preference of the two surgical techniques used for triple arthrodesis is the method which involves two incisions--a 12-cm. incision on the medial aspect of the foot and an 8-cm. incision on the lateral aspect of the foot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025196"}
{"pmid": "1025197", "title": "Anterior entrapment syndromes.", "content": "Anterior entrapment syndromes. The anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome is best described as a chronic irritation or compression of the deep peroneal nerve. The pathogenesis, etiology, and diagnostic features of the anterior tarsal tunnel as it effects the foot are discussed with its complexities. Case histories are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025197"}
{"pmid": "1025211", "title": "A point of view on performance research.", "content": "A point of view on performance research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025211"}
{"pmid": "1025212", "title": "Health hazard among cash register operators and the effect of improved working conditions.", "content": "Health hazard among cash register operators and the effect of improved working conditions. The health condition of female cash register operators in relation to their working conditions was investigated. A questionnaire study revealed that cash register operators more frequently complained of general fatigue, headache, sleeplessness, and low back pain than female office machine operators or other female workers. Dullness and pain in the shoulder, arm, hand, and fingers especially on the right side were characteristic of cash register operators. Physical examinations in 1973 showed that 31.3% of 371 cash register operators suffered from muscle rigidity or tenderness; 13 were severely afficted and, 69 operators had to be either laid off, reassigned to other jobs, or given shorter working hours. Occupational cervicobrachial disorders were suggested to have been caused by repetitive upper limb motions combined with static load, an unfavorable working environment, and mental stress. Implementation of some improvements including shorter operation time, worker rotation, and adoption of electronic registers proved effective in reducing the number of sufferers of cervicobrachial disorders found during the 1975 physical examinations. But the improvements were not effective enough to alleviate fatigue of the neck, shoulder, and back due presumably to sustaining upper limbs while operating the keyboard.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025212"}
{"pmid": "1025213", "title": "Recent birth rate decline and quality of the population.", "content": "Recent birth rate decline and quality of the population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025213"}
{"pmid": "1025214", "title": "Shoes as a necessity for children.", "content": "Shoes as a necessity for children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025214"}
{"pmid": "1025215", "title": "Sporotrichosis in Assam (a clinical and mycological study).", "content": "Sporotrichosis in Assam (a clinical and mycological study).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025215"}
{"pmid": "1025216", "title": "Tuberculosis control and need for vigilance.", "content": "Tuberculosis control and need for vigilance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025216"}
{"pmid": "1025217", "title": "Some observations on haemorrhagic smallpox (Type I).", "content": "Some observations on haemorrhagic smallpox (Type I).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025217"}
{"pmid": "1025219", "title": "Diabetes in pregnancy.", "content": "Diabetes in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025219"}
{"pmid": "1025218", "title": "General practitioner on the scene of hyperacute myocardial infarction.", "content": "General practitioner on the scene of hyperacute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025218"}
{"pmid": "1025220", "title": "Management of trophic ulcers in leprosy patients.", "content": "Management of trophic ulcers in leprosy patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025220"}
{"pmid": "1025221", "title": "Strangulation of penis by metal ring.", "content": "Strangulation of penis by metal ring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025221"}
{"pmid": "1025222", "title": "Environmental pollution.", "content": "Environmental pollution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025222"}
{"pmid": "1025223", "title": "Assessment of conservative and operative methods of treatment for vertebral tuberculosis.", "content": "Assessment of conservative and operative methods of treatment for vertebral tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025223"}
{"pmid": "1025224", "title": "Histological studies of rat liver after homologous hepatocyte administration.", "content": "Histological studies of rat liver after homologous hepatocyte administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025224"}
{"pmid": "1025226", "title": "Pulmonary hamartoma.", "content": "Pulmonary hamartoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025226"}
{"pmid": "1025227", "title": "On the structure of steadily propagating rings of chemotactic bacteria.", "content": "On the structure of steadily propagating rings of chemotactic bacteria. The theoretical structure of steadily propagating cylindrically-symmetric rings of chemotactic bacteria is determined by solving the governing dynamical equations for the bacterial density distribution and the concentration of chemotactic agent. Accurate to first-order in the reciprocal of the radial distance from the axis of symmetry, the asymptotic solution obtained here can be employed for future comparison with measured experimental distributions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025227"}
{"pmid": "1025225", "title": "Hypertension--its awareness and management on ambulatory basis.", "content": "Hypertension--its awareness and management on ambulatory basis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025225"}
{"pmid": "1025229", "title": "Three-dimensional distribution of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in myelinated axons.", "content": "Three-dimensional distribution of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in myelinated axons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025229"}
{"pmid": "1025228", "title": "Elemental analysis of microareas by electron energy analyzer.", "content": "Elemental analysis of microareas by electron energy analyzer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025228"}
{"pmid": "1025230", "title": "Shift of secretory granules in the striated duct cell of the rat submandibular gland.", "content": "Shift of secretory granules in the striated duct cell of the rat submandibular gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025230"}
{"pmid": "1025231", "title": "Giemsa-SEM method to observe the surface structure of plasmocytoid cell in a heavy chain disease.", "content": "Giemsa-SEM method to observe the surface structure of plasmocytoid cell in a heavy chain disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025231"}
{"pmid": "1025232", "title": "Freeze-etching scanning electron microscopy with glycerinated biological tissues.", "content": "Freeze-etching scanning electron microscopy with glycerinated biological tissues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025232"}
{"pmid": "1025233", "title": "Cutaneous schistosmal granulomatous lesions.", "content": "Cutaneous schistosmal granulomatous lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025233"}
{"pmid": "1025235", "title": "Chromosomal aberrations after prolonged blood donation.", "content": "Chromosomal aberrations after prolonged blood donation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025235"}
{"pmid": "1025234", "title": "On the larval trematodes recovered from Bulinus truncatus in Assiut Governorate. Part II. Leptocercous and amphistome cercariae.", "content": "On the larval trematodes recovered from Bulinus truncatus in Assiut Governorate. Part II. Leptocercous and amphistome cercariae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025234"}
{"pmid": "1025238", "title": "Larval trematode stages in Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria alexandrina snails.", "content": "Larval trematode stages in Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria alexandrina snails.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025238"}
{"pmid": "1025239", "title": "The normal and bilharzial liver, pathology of irradiation.", "content": "The normal and bilharzial liver, pathology of irradiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025239"}
{"pmid": "1025240", "title": "Toxocara canis as a cause of blindness in Egyptian children.", "content": "Toxocara canis as a cause of blindness in Egyptian children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025240"}
{"pmid": "1025237", "title": "Complement-fixing antibodies against Abu Hammad and Abu Mina viruses in mammalian sera from Egypt.", "content": "Complement-fixing antibodies against Abu Hammad and Abu Mina viruses in mammalian sera from Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025237"}
{"pmid": "1025236", "title": "Incidence of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati infections among stray dogs and cats in Cairo and Giza Governorates, A.R.E.", "content": "Incidence of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati infections among stray dogs and cats in Cairo and Giza Governorates, A.R.E.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025236"}
{"pmid": "1025241", "title": "An environmental and medical study of byssinosis and other respiratory symptoms in the flax textile industry of Egypt.", "content": "An environmental and medical study of byssinosis and other respiratory symptoms in the flax textile industry of Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025241"}
{"pmid": "1025242", "title": "The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and ischemic heart disease, their blood lipids and cholesterol in different social groups in Egypt.", "content": "The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and ischemic heart disease, their blood lipids and cholesterol in different social groups in Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025242"}
{"pmid": "1025243", "title": "A study of the skin response to various antigens in Egyptian schistosoma patients (preliminary report).", "content": "A study of the skin response to various antigens in Egyptian schistosoma patients (preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025243"}
{"pmid": "1025244", "title": "Histamine metabolism in guinea pigs chronically exposed to flax dust.", "content": "Histamine metabolism in guinea pigs chronically exposed to flax dust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025244"}
{"pmid": "1025245", "title": "A study of the social profile of rheumatic heart children in Cairo.", "content": "A study of the social profile of rheumatic heart children in Cairo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025245"}
{"pmid": "1025246", "title": "Incidence of schistosomiasis among inhabitants of Siwa Oasis, Qena and Aswan Governorates, A.R.E.", "content": "Incidence of schistosomiasis among inhabitants of Siwa Oasis, Qena and Aswan Governorates, A.R.E.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025246"}
{"pmid": "1025247", "title": "The incidence of antibodies against some influenza A and B viruses in sera collected at Benghazi (Libya).", "content": "The incidence of antibodies against some influenza A and B viruses in sera collected at Benghazi (Libya).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025247"}
{"pmid": "1025248", "title": "The effect of smoking on the prevalence of ischemic heart disease in Egypt.", "content": "The effect of smoking on the prevalence of ischemic heart disease in Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025248"}
{"pmid": "1025249", "title": "A serological study of toxoplasmosis in juveniles with chronic tonsillitis in Egypt.", "content": "A serological study of toxoplasmosis in juveniles with chronic tonsillitis in Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025249"}
{"pmid": "1025250", "title": "Studies on the infection with the Toxocara canis the dog ascarid among Egyptians in Dakahleia Governorate.", "content": "Studies on the infection with the Toxocara canis the dog ascarid among Egyptians in Dakahleia Governorate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025250"}
{"pmid": "1025251", "title": "The epidemiology of the carrier state among enterica patients in Alexandria.", "content": "The epidemiology of the carrier state among enterica patients in Alexandria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025251"}
{"pmid": "1025252", "title": "The extent of breast and bottle feeding of children in Cairo and its effect on their growth.", "content": "The extent of breast and bottle feeding of children in Cairo and its effect on their growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025252"}
{"pmid": "1025254", "title": "A preliminary study for the evaluation of the primary smallpox vaccination in Alexandria.", "content": "A preliminary study for the evaluation of the primary smallpox vaccination in Alexandria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025254"}
{"pmid": "1025255", "title": "Toxocariasis in the humans and dogs of Siwa Oasis, Qena and Aswan Governorates, A.R.E.", "content": "Toxocariasis in the humans and dogs of Siwa Oasis, Qena and Aswan Governorates, A.R.E.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025255"}
{"pmid": "1025253", "title": "Toxoplasmosis: serological surveys in farm and domestic animals in Egypt (preliminary report).", "content": "Toxoplasmosis: serological surveys in farm and domestic animals in Egypt (preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025253"}
{"pmid": "1025258", "title": "Some biochemical changes in guinea--pigs chronically exposed to flax dust.", "content": "Some biochemical changes in guinea--pigs chronically exposed to flax dust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025258"}
{"pmid": "1025256", "title": "Self concept and health status in the High Institute of Nursing Cairo University.", "content": "Self concept and health status in the High Institute of Nursing Cairo University.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025256"}
{"pmid": "1025257", "title": "Antibodies to Dugbe virus in mammalian sera from Egypt.", "content": "Antibodies to Dugbe virus in mammalian sera from Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025257"}
{"pmid": "1025259", "title": "Toxocariasis, transmision of and predisposition to infection.", "content": "Toxocariasis, transmision of and predisposition to infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025259"}
{"pmid": "1025291", "title": "Psychiatrists and the courts.", "content": "Psychiatrists and the courts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025291"}
{"pmid": "1025289", "title": "CHAMPUS speaks on diagnosis of adolescents and third-party payors.", "content": "CHAMPUS speaks on diagnosis of adolescents and third-party payors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025289"}
{"pmid": "1025290", "title": "A provider's view of partial hospitalization and third-party payment.", "content": "A provider's view of partial hospitalization and third-party payment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025290"}
{"pmid": "1025292", "title": "A provider speaks on diagnosis of adolescents and third-party payors.", "content": "A provider speaks on diagnosis of adolescents and third-party payors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025292"}
{"pmid": "1025297", "title": "Radioiodine uptake test and response to treatment with methimazole in thyrotoxicosis.", "content": "Radioiodine uptake test and response to treatment with methimazole in thyrotoxicosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025297"}
{"pmid": "1025293", "title": "Evaluation and comparison of four methods for plasma cortisol assay.", "content": "Evaluation and comparison of four methods for plasma cortisol assay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025293"}
{"pmid": "1025294", "title": "Reappraisal of serum creatinine as an index of the glomerular filtration rate (measured by external counting).", "content": "Reappraisal of serum creatinine as an index of the glomerular filtration rate (measured by external counting).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025294"}
{"pmid": "1025295", "title": "Indications for 131I albumin and 111In-DTPA in isotope cisternography according to differences in the clearance from the spinal fluid.", "content": "Indications for 131I albumin and 111In-DTPA in isotope cisternography according to differences in the clearance from the spinal fluid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025295"}
{"pmid": "1025296", "title": "Radioimmunoassay of human chorionic somatomammotropin: evaluation and comparison of three kit-methods.", "content": "Radioimmunoassay of human chorionic somatomammotropin: evaluation and comparison of three kit-methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025296"}
{"pmid": "1025301", "title": "Preparation and evaluation of tin-albumin millimicrospheres for labelling with 99Tcm.", "content": "Preparation and evaluation of tin-albumin millimicrospheres for labelling with 99Tcm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025301"}
{"pmid": "1025298", "title": "Radioassay of plasma cortisol: a comparison of immunological and competitive protein-binding methods using tritiated and 125I-radioiodinated tracers.", "content": "Radioassay of plasma cortisol: a comparison of immunological and competitive protein-binding methods using tritiated and 125I-radioiodinated tracers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025298"}
{"pmid": "1025303", "title": "A simplified method of measuring free tri-iodothyronine in serum by combined equilibrium dialysis and gel sephadex extraction.", "content": "A simplified method of measuring free tri-iodothyronine in serum by combined equilibrium dialysis and gel sephadex extraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025303"}
{"pmid": "1025299", "title": "Measurement of urinary free cortisol by radioimmunoassay and its clinical applications.", "content": "Measurement of urinary free cortisol by radioimmunoassay and its clinical applications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025299"}
{"pmid": "1025312", "title": "Intestinal polyposis associated with oxyurid parasites in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).", "content": "Intestinal polyposis associated with oxyurid parasites in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). A 40-year-old male chimpanzee had multiple intestinal polyps associated with immature male oxyurid parasites. The gross and histologic characteristics of these lesions were identical to those produced by Nochtia nochti in the stomach and esophagus of Old World primates. It was theorized that the lesions resulted from hypersensitivity to oxyurid infection in an aberrant host.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025312"}
{"pmid": "1025302", "title": "Localization of a virilizing adrenal carcinoma by 131I-19-iodocholesterol scintigraphy.", "content": "Localization of a virilizing adrenal carcinoma by 131I-19-iodocholesterol scintigraphy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025302"}
{"pmid": "1025313", "title": "Sex, love, and the committed relationship.", "content": "Sex, love, and the committed relationship.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025313"}
{"pmid": "1025314", "title": "Historical and theoretical perspectives: sex, love, and commitment revisited.", "content": "Historical and theoretical perspectives: sex, love, and commitment revisited. A sociology-of-knowledge perspective is used to examine the interplay among sex, love, and commitment within the context of historical trends and social changes. The implications of qualitative and quantitative differences among love, sex and commitment are discussed in relation to (1) the concept of \"multiple selves,\" (2) \"individual variations in threshold levels,\" and (3) the misuse of \"ideal types.\" Clinical and research efforts to differentiate among sex, love, and commitment need to be balanced by explicit awareness of the tendency to compartmentalize these three areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025314"}
{"pmid": "1025315", "title": "Clincal observations of sex as a reverberation of the total relationship.", "content": "Clincal observations of sex as a reverberation of the total relationship. In the psychiatric treatment of sexual dysfunctioning the generally accepted method has been to concentrate heavily on the intrapsychic conflicts of one or both spouses. There now is increasing evidence that treatment is sometimes more effective if the therapeutic intervention takes place directly in the interpersonal system. Such evidence has been provided by those therapists with clinical experience in marital systems who are prepared to utilize theories evolved from a multidisciplinary approach to marital problems. This paper is meant to discuss and illustrate this shift in treatment strategy as it applies to sexual dysfunctioning and deals with the function of the interplay of sex, love, and commitment through the illustrative cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025315"}
{"pmid": "1025300", "title": "In vivo distribution of 99mTc-labeled liposomes.", "content": "In vivo distribution of 99mTc-labeled liposomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025300"}
{"pmid": "1025316", "title": "Audiological tests for evaluation of central auditory disorders.", "content": "Audiological tests for evaluation of central auditory disorders. Three audiological tests (Competing Sentences, Rapidly Alternating Speech, Staggered Spondaic Words) currently being used to evaluate central auditory dysfunction are discussed. Audiological and neurological findings on three patients with central auditory lesions are presented, with special reference to their performance on these central auditory tests. Results suggest the tests are of value in identifying and/or corroborating central lesions, and in providing a more complete explanation of patient communicative difficulties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025316"}
{"pmid": "1025317", "title": "A study of acupuncture in adult sensorineural hearing loss.", "content": "A study of acupuncture in adult sensorineural hearing loss. Twenty-nine adult volunteers with stable bilateral sensorineural hearing loss were treated by acupuncture. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups: active needling, active needling followed by sham needling, sham needling followed by active needling, and sham needling. All subjects received 30 treatments. Only one ear was treated by acupuncture. The second ear was kept for an intrasubject control. Prior to treatment a baseline of hearing was established. During the course of acupuncture, audiological assessments (pure tone thresholds and speech tests) were made after sets of five treatments. Hearing was again measured during the year following acupuncture. The results in individual subjects and statistical comparisons of active and sham groups showed that acupuncture did not produce significant shifts in hearing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025317"}
{"pmid": "1025304", "title": "On the accumulation of 67Ga in human breast milk: probable mechanism.", "content": "On the accumulation of 67Ga in human breast milk: probable mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025304"}
{"pmid": "1025320", "title": "[Otology on a plateau].", "content": "[Otology on a plateau].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025320"}
{"pmid": "1025319", "title": "Policy statement on hearing aid delivery system.", "content": "Policy statement on hearing aid delivery system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025319"}
{"pmid": "1025321", "title": "High-potassium induced contracture in guinea pig ureter.", "content": "High-potassium induced contracture in guinea pig ureter. Some characteristic properties of guinea pig ureter in high-K induced contracture were studied. The contracture was composed of three contraction components, quick-phasic, slow transient, and substained states. The height of the second component decreased with time when the preparation was immersed in high-K solution. This was observed during a brief washing treatment with normal Tyrode solution applied at varius times after immersion in high-K solution. When the brief washing treatment was applied after 30 min, a contracture composed of the first and the third components was observed. Similar results were obtained in Ca-induced contracture of K-depolarized preparations. Fluctuations of tension were observed in the course of the contracture. The fluctuations could be evoked by various types treatments and were observed to have some relationship to extracellular Ca. It was indicated that extracellular Ca has an important role in the initiation of each component of the contracture and that the role of Ca is controlled by the cell membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025321"}
{"pmid": "1025305", "title": "Insulin kinetics after portal and peripheral injection of labelled insulin. Procedure to be used when no independent measure of liver plasma flow is available.", "content": "Insulin kinetics after portal and peripheral injection of labelled insulin. Procedure to be used when no independent measure of liver plasma flow is available.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025305"}
{"pmid": "1025339", "title": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines: I. Rapid derivation and preliminary characterization of high-yielding recombinants of influenza virus.", "content": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines: I. Rapid derivation and preliminary characterization of high-yielding recombinants of influenza virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025339"}
{"pmid": "1025340", "title": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines: II. Some properties of high-yielding recombinant influenza viruses and their vaccines.", "content": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines: II. Some properties of high-yielding recombinant influenza viruses and their vaccines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025340"}
{"pmid": "1025341", "title": "Studies on the development of a live attenuated mumps virus vaccine. II. Development and evaluation of the live \"Hoshino\" mumps vaccine.", "content": "Studies on the development of a live attenuated mumps virus vaccine. II. Development and evaluation of the live \"Hoshino\" mumps vaccine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025341"}
{"pmid": "1025342", "title": "On the factors affecting the initiation of protein synthesis in the rat ventral prostate: androgens, polyamines and conjugated proteins.", "content": "On the factors affecting the initiation of protein synthesis in the rat ventral prostate: androgens, polyamines and conjugated proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025342"}
{"pmid": "1025343", "title": "In vitro binding and metabolism of androgens in various organs: a comparative study.", "content": "In vitro binding and metabolism of androgens in various organs: a comparative study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025343"}
{"pmid": "1025344", "title": "Effects of ESH and testosterone on the RNA synthesis in different stages of rat spermatogenesis.", "content": "Effects of ESH and testosterone on the RNA synthesis in different stages of rat spermatogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025344"}
{"pmid": "1025345", "title": "A molecular analysis of the human estrogen receptor.", "content": "A molecular analysis of the human estrogen receptor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025345"}
{"pmid": "1025346", "title": "Specific [3H]-estradiol binding in the fetal uterus and testis of guinea pig. Quantitative evolution of [3H]-estradiol receptors in the different fetal tissues (kidney, lung, uterus and testis) during fetal development.", "content": "Specific [3H]-estradiol binding in the fetal uterus and testis of guinea pig. Quantitative evolution of [3H]-estradiol receptors in the different fetal tissues (kidney, lung, uterus and testis) during fetal development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025346"}
{"pmid": "1025348", "title": "Model systems for the study of estrogen action in tissue culture.", "content": "Model systems for the study of estrogen action in tissue culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025348"}
{"pmid": "1025347", "title": "Uterine receptor-estradiol complexes and their interaction with nuclear binding sites.", "content": "Uterine receptor-estradiol complexes and their interaction with nuclear binding sites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025347"}
{"pmid": "1025350", "title": "Progestin receptors in human tissues: concentrations and binding kinetics.", "content": "Progestin receptors in human tissues: concentrations and binding kinetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025350"}
{"pmid": "1025349", "title": "The properties and functional significance of ATP binding to progesterone receptors.", "content": "The properties and functional significance of ATP binding to progesterone receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025349"}
{"pmid": "1025351", "title": "Calorimetric approach to the study of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and estradiol receptors in rat hypothalamus cytosol.", "content": "Calorimetric approach to the study of 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and estradiol receptors in rat hypothalamus cytosol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025351"}
{"pmid": "1025353", "title": "Estrogen receptors and ovalbumin genes in hen oviduct chromatin fractions.", "content": "Estrogen receptors and ovalbumin genes in hen oviduct chromatin fractions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025353"}
{"pmid": "1025354", "title": "Role of nuclear proteins as high affinity sites (\"acceptors\") for progesterone in the avian oviduct.", "content": "Role of nuclear proteins as high affinity sites (\"acceptors\") for progesterone in the avian oviduct.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025354"}
{"pmid": "1025356", "title": "Activation of transcription-regulating proteins by steroids.", "content": "Activation of transcription-regulating proteins by steroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025356"}
{"pmid": "1025357", "title": "Kinetics of glucocorticoid-receptor complexes in rat thymus cells.", "content": "Kinetics of glucocorticoid-receptor complexes in rat thymus cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025357"}
{"pmid": "1025352", "title": "The 'estrogen-induced protein': quantitation by autoradiography of polyacrylamide gels.", "content": "The 'estrogen-induced protein': quantitation by autoradiography of polyacrylamide gels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025352"}
{"pmid": "1025355", "title": "Effect of progesterone on HnRNA and avidin mRNA of the chick oviduct.", "content": "Effect of progesterone on HnRNA and avidin mRNA of the chick oviduct.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025355"}
{"pmid": "1025361", "title": "Glucocorticoid effects on DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in rat thymus cells.", "content": "Glucocorticoid effects on DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in rat thymus cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025361"}
{"pmid": "1025360", "title": "Concanavalin A-induced glucocorticoid resistance in rat thymus cells: decreased cytoplasmic and nuclear receptor binding of dexamethasone.", "content": "Concanavalin A-induced glucocorticoid resistance in rat thymus cells: decreased cytoplasmic and nuclear receptor binding of dexamethasone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025360"}
{"pmid": "1025358", "title": "Kinetics of steroid transport through cell membranes: comparison of the uptake of cortisol by isolated rat liver cells with binding of cortisol to rat liver cytosol.", "content": "Kinetics of steroid transport through cell membranes: comparison of the uptake of cortisol by isolated rat liver cells with binding of cortisol to rat liver cytosol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025358"}
{"pmid": "1025359", "title": "Glucocorticoid receptors in interstitial cells of the rat testis.", "content": "Glucocorticoid receptors in interstitial cells of the rat testis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025359"}
{"pmid": "1025362", "title": "A review of regulation of gene expression by steroid hormone receptors.", "content": "A review of regulation of gene expression by steroid hormone receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025362"}
{"pmid": "1025364", "title": "Cytosol and nuclear receptors for 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and testosterone in the hypothalamus and hypophysis, and testosterone receptors isolated from neonatal female rat hypothalamus.", "content": "Cytosol and nuclear receptors for 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and testosterone in the hypothalamus and hypophysis, and testosterone receptors isolated from neonatal female rat hypothalamus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025364"}
{"pmid": "1025365", "title": "The role of receptors in the steroidal regulation of tumour cell proliferation.", "content": "The role of receptors in the steroidal regulation of tumour cell proliferation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025365"}
{"pmid": "1025363", "title": "Steroid hormone target sites in the brain: the differential distribution of estrogin, progestin, androgen and glucocorticosteroid.", "content": "Steroid hormone target sites in the brain: the differential distribution of estrogin, progestin, androgen and glucocorticosteroid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025363"}
{"pmid": "1025366", "title": "Estradiol binding and metabolism in human endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma.", "content": "Estradiol binding and metabolism in human endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025366"}
{"pmid": "1025367", "title": "Steroid abnormalities in endometrial and breast carcinoma: a unifying hypothesis.", "content": "Steroid abnormalities in endometrial and breast carcinoma: a unifying hypothesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025367"}
{"pmid": "1025368", "title": "Glucocorticoid receptors, DNA synthesis, membrane antigens and their relation to disease activity in chronic lymphatic leukemia.", "content": "Glucocorticoid receptors, DNA synthesis, membrane antigens and their relation to disease activity in chronic lymphatic leukemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025368"}
{"pmid": "1025371", "title": "Progestational therapy in human renal carcinoma and steroid receptors.", "content": "Progestational therapy in human renal carcinoma and steroid receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025371"}
{"pmid": "1025369", "title": "Hormone dependency in breast cancer.", "content": "Hormone dependency in breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025369"}
{"pmid": "1025370", "title": "Androgen receptors in human pharyngo-laryngeal mucosa and pharyngo-laryngeal epithelioma.", "content": "Androgen receptors in human pharyngo-laryngeal mucosa and pharyngo-laryngeal epithelioma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025370"}
{"pmid": "1025373", "title": "Studies on the control of aldosterone secretion in man.", "content": "Studies on the control of aldosterone secretion in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025373"}
{"pmid": "1025372", "title": "Urinary excretion of metabolites of steroid hormones by men with cancer of the stomach.", "content": "Urinary excretion of metabolites of steroid hormones by men with cancer of the stomach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025372"}
{"pmid": "1025374", "title": "Antihypertensive action of 18,20-cyclo-20,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, a structural analogue of 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone.", "content": "Antihypertensive action of 18,20-cyclo-20,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one, a structural analogue of 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025374"}
{"pmid": "1025375", "title": "Adrenocortical factors in hypertension. II The significance of 16-oxygenated C-19 steroids.", "content": "Adrenocortical factors in hypertension. II The significance of 16-oxygenated C-19 steroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025375"}
{"pmid": "1025376", "title": "Regulation of plasma levels of aldosterone and its metabolites during the latent period of aldosterone.", "content": "Regulation of plasma levels of aldosterone and its metabolites during the latent period of aldosterone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025376"}
{"pmid": "1025379", "title": "The influence of steroid-receptor complexes on the stages of transcription of target-tissue chromatin.", "content": "The influence of steroid-receptor complexes on the stages of transcription of target-tissue chromatin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025379"}
{"pmid": "1025381", "title": "Syntactic and strategic aspects of the comprehension of indirect and direct object constructions by children.", "content": "Syntactic and strategic aspects of the comprehension of indirect and direct object constructions by children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025381"}
{"pmid": "1025380", "title": "The effects of case on the processing of noun phrases.", "content": "The effects of case on the processing of noun phrases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025380"}
{"pmid": "1025377", "title": "Steroids and intraocular pressure.", "content": "Steroids and intraocular pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025377"}
{"pmid": "1025383", "title": "Children's comprehension of metaphor: a Piagetian interpretation.", "content": "Children's comprehension of metaphor: a Piagetian interpretation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025383"}
{"pmid": "1025385", "title": "Verbal conditioning without awareness: a case study.", "content": "Verbal conditioning without awareness: a case study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025385"}
{"pmid": "1025384", "title": "The effect of two educated dialects on sentence repetition scores of five year old Scottish children.", "content": "The effect of two educated dialects on sentence repetition scores of five year old Scottish children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025384"}
{"pmid": "1025382", "title": "A measure of preference for speaking rather than writing and its relationship to expressive language skills in adolescents.", "content": "A measure of preference for speaking rather than writing and its relationship to expressive language skills in adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025382"}
{"pmid": "1025378", "title": "A comparative study of androgen binding in rat uterus and prostate.", "content": "A comparative study of androgen binding in rat uterus and prostate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025378"}
{"pmid": "1025387", "title": "Early acquisition of linguistic designations for time.", "content": "Early acquisition of linguistic designations for time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025387"}
{"pmid": "1025388", "title": "Transformational complexity and sentence difficulty: a developmental study.", "content": "Transformational complexity and sentence difficulty: a developmental study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025388"}
{"pmid": "1025386", "title": "Relationships between hesitation phenomena, anxiety, and self-control in a normal communication situation.", "content": "Relationships between hesitation phenomena, anxiety, and self-control in a normal communication situation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025386"}
{"pmid": "1025472", "title": "Metastatic spread and \"escape\" from the immune defenses of the host.", "content": "Metastatic spread and \"escape\" from the immune defenses of the host. The effectiveness of the host's immune reaction against primary and disseminated tumors depends not only on the magnitude of the host's immune response, such as the number of cytotoxic cells and antibody molecules produced, but also on the capacity of tumor cells to evade destruction. The latter process which has been termed \"escape\" depends on several factors including intrinsic properties of the tumor cell. In some experimental systems, it was shown that the capacity of disseminated tumor cells to give rise to distant metastases is in part determined by the efficiency of escape. Tumors which in vivo appear to be nonimmunogenic may still carry tumor-specific antigens to which the host responds by making cytotoxic mononuclear cells, but these fail to kill because escape is effective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025472"}
{"pmid": "1025473", "title": "Possible mechanisms in regression.", "content": "Possible mechanisms in regression. The mechanisms responsible for spontaneous regression of cancer may be nonimmunologic. Among other possible models, it is suggested that the necrotizing properties of endotoxin offer an open approach to the problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025473"}
{"pmid": "1025474", "title": "Spontaneous regression of colon carcinoma.", "content": "Spontaneous regression of colon carcinoma. Apparent spontaneous regression of advanced colon carcinoma has been reported in 7 patients. This is a very rare event, and the circumstances accounting for this are elusive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025474"}
{"pmid": "1025475", "title": "Spontaneous regression of cancer evaluated by computerized data.", "content": "Spontaneous regression of cancer evaluated by computerized data. Where immunologic intergrity wanes, clinicians observe a greatly increased incidence of neoplasia. Factors in this phenomenon are reviewed. With complete and detailed recorded data on patients who have exhibited spontaneous regression of cancer, a systematic data-reduction approach becomes a practical reality, without the inherent handicaps of missing details in patient histories or anecdotal and often conjectural observations. Presented here is the plea for detailed recording of complete histories of all carcinoma patients who exhibit the phenomenon of spontaneous regression. Physicans of several decades ago generally considered as unrelated much data deemed important to us today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025475"}
{"pmid": "1025476", "title": "Regression of cancer following surgery.", "content": "Regression of cancer following surgery. Postsurgical tumor regressions are rare but well-recognized entities. The causes of such phenomena are unknown but probably are multiple. Regression of any tumor must ultimately come about by changes in the host-tumor interaction which suddenly becomes unfavorable for tumor growth. This is likely a manifestation of changes in the immunocompetence of the host. There are many variables influencing the host-tumor interaction, and the study of tumor immunology is stil in its infancy. It is through the exploration and investigation of basic mechanisms of the immunology of cancer that the most potentially fruitful associations between tumor growth or regression and surgical manipulations may be made and applied to the treatment of cancer patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025476"}
{"pmid": "1025483", "title": "Effects of dorsal fornix section and hippocampectomy on adrenocortical responses to sensory stimulation in the rat.", "content": "Effects of dorsal fornix section and hippocampectomy on adrenocortical responses to sensory stimulation in the rat. With the purpose of identifying the neural structures which are involved in the mediation of the adrenocortical responses to photic, acoustic and sciatic nerve stimulation, experiments were conducted on male rats with bilateral section of the dorsal fornix and dorsal or ventral hippocampectomies. The basal corticosterone levels in these animals were not significantly different from those in controls. Stimulation of the 3 sensory modalities produced normal adrenocortical responses in rats with fornix section. The hippocampectomies had no effect or only a marginal effect on the response to ether stress and to photic and acoustic stimulation; however, the adrenal response to sciatic stimulation was very significantly reduced. The data demonstrate the participation of the hippocampus in the transmission of somatosensory responses which promote adrenocortical activity. The efferent connections of the hippocampus to the hypothalamus which are involved in this mechanism are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025483"}
{"pmid": "1025484", "title": "Opiate and endocrine interaction: morphine effects on hypothalamus and pineal body.", "content": "Opiate and endocrine interaction: morphine effects on hypothalamus and pineal body. Experiments were performed on male Holtzman albino rats. Stainless steel semimicroelectrodes 60 micron in diameter were implanted stereotaxically in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and in the pineal body (PB). Six to eight days following this operation, the sensory field potentials from freely behaving, unrestrained rats were averaged. After a control recording was achieved, animals were given injections i.p. with 10,30 or 50 mg/kg of morphine and recordings were resumed for 45 min. Naloxone was then administered and recordings were monitored during another 45 min period. Three consistent components of the averaged sensory evoked potentials were evaluated. In both structures following the two lower doses of morphine (10 and 30 mg/kg), increased and decreased response amplitudes were observed, while following 50 mg/kg morphine, mainly increased response amplitudes were obtained in both structures. With increased doses, the percentage of responses was increased. During the 45 min of recording after morphine, effects remained consistent. Differences in the percentage and the direction of the responses were observed between the VMH and the PB. Naloxone (1 mg/kg) reversed the morphine effect in the two structures, both the increased and decreased responses. The possible interactions between morphine and endocrine function of the two structures are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025484"}
{"pmid": "1025541", "title": "Toward a scientific humanist health care system.", "content": "Toward a scientific humanist health care system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025541"}
{"pmid": "1025542", "title": "Plain film diagnoses of medical emergencies.", "content": "Plain film diagnoses of medical emergencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025542"}
{"pmid": "1025543", "title": "Mucopolysaccharide complexes in the fibrous tissue surrounding hydrophilic polymers in subcutaneous implantation.", "content": "Mucopolysaccharide complexes in the fibrous tissue surrounding hydrophilic polymers in subcutaneous implantation. The biocompatibility of three types of hydrophilic poly-(glycol methacrylate) gels--homogeneous, microporous and macroporous--was investigated in an experimental subcutaneous implantation. The occurrence of mucopolysaccharide complexes formed by both hyaluronic acid and chondroitine sulphates was examined in the fibrous tissue which surrounds the implant and penetrates into it in the case of a macroporous polymer. In an early stage of investigation hyaluronic acid prevails, but with proceeding collagenization the chondroitine sulphate part becomes predominant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025543"}
{"pmid": "1025565", "title": "The effects of anaesthetics and of denervation on rubidium influx and on tissue perfusion in rat skeletal muscles, measured by uptake of tritiated water and of 14C-ethanol.", "content": "The effects of anaesthetics and of denervation on rubidium influx and on tissue perfusion in rat skeletal muscles, measured by uptake of tritiated water and of 14C-ethanol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025565"}
{"pmid": "1025567", "title": "Diabetes mellitus--progress report.", "content": "Diabetes mellitus--progress report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025567"}
{"pmid": "1025566", "title": "Glucose homeostasis during the perinatal period.", "content": "Glucose homeostasis during the perinatal period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025566"}
{"pmid": "1025568", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 5. Edema relationships.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 5. Edema relationships.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025568"}
{"pmid": "1025569", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 10. Future study considerations.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 10. Future study considerations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025569"}
{"pmid": "1025570", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 11. Workshop summation.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 11. Workshop summation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025570"}
{"pmid": "1025571", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 2. Epidemiologic aspects.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 2. Epidemiologic aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025571"}
{"pmid": "1025572", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 3. Study design, population and data characteristics.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 3. Study design, population and data characteristics. 1. The mean blood pressure runs a curvilinear pattern during the course of pregnancy, with the lowest reading between 20 and 27 weeks of gestation, a continuous rise from 28 to 36 weeks, followed by a plateau. 2. the mean blood pressure in pregnancies without edema and proteinuria are lowest throughout pregnancy. However, the mean blood pressures in pregnancies complicated by edema, proteinuria, or both, are less than 5 mm. Hg higher after 28 weeks of gestation. 3. The mean blood pressures are lower in black gravidas than in white gravidas throughout pregnancy, independent of the presence or absence of edema, proteinuria, or their combinations. 4. The mean blood pressure is related to age and parity. Median-age gravidas (20-34 years) of parity 1-5 have the lowest mean blood pressures overall at any time during gestation. The mean blood pressure of nulliparas, independent of age, is elevated over the mean blood pressure of comparable multiparas. Independent of parity, maternal age systematically affects the mean blood pressure. 5. The standard deviations for the mean diastolic and systolic blood pressures are approximately 9 and 11 mm. Hg, respectively, independent of the weeks of gestation. They are affected very little by the absence or presence of edema or proteinuria, or both. 6. Edema of hands and/or face occurs more often in black gravidas. 7. The overall perinatal mortality rates in pregnancies complicated by edema are not higher than in pregnancies without edema.  Perinatal mortality rates in pregnancies with proteinuria, or edema and proteinuria, on the other hand, are approximately double the rates for pregnancies without edema and proteinuria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025572"}
{"pmid": "1025573", "title": "New approaches to the chemical characterization of membrane molecules.", "content": "New approaches to the chemical characterization of membrane molecules. Recognition of the H-2D and H-2K cell surface molecules plays an integral role in the cell mediated cytolysis of virally infected or chemically modified cells by immune cytotoxic thymus derived cells. Previously, technical difficulties have made structural studies on these membrane molecules extremely difficult. We present micromethods based on detergent solubilization and indirect immunoprecipitation which have allowed us to determine the amino acid sequence of the N-terminal portion of four H-2D and H-2K molecules. Application of these microsequencing methods to the determination of the detailed structure of these molecules will allow us to assess their involvement as targets in immune surveillance. This kind of approach will facilitate detailed chemical analysis of a variety of membrane molecules of interest in developmental and tumor biology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025573"}
{"pmid": "1025574", "title": "Modulation of cell growth and cell-cell stickiness with succinylated concanavalin A.", "content": "Modulation of cell growth and cell-cell stickiness with succinylated concanavalin A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025574"}
{"pmid": "1025575", "title": "Regulation of transport in mammalian cell culture.", "content": "Regulation of transport in mammalian cell culture. The regulation of amino acid transport has been investigated in Balb/3T3 cells. Transport for neutral amino acids in animal tissues is carried out by two distinct systems. The transport activity of the A system (alanine preferring) is inhibited by high internal of substrate amino acids, a process termed trans-inhibition. In contrast, the L system transport activity is greatly stimulated by high internal levels of substrate, a phenomenon termed trans-stimulation. Regulation of amino acid transport in animal cells occurs by a repression-derepression mechanism or by a feedback inhibition or feedback stimulation process. The level of endogenous amino acids is shown to be important in the regulation of transport activity. Cells which are slow growing or quiescent have increased levels of endogenous amino acids, which in turn effect the transport activity. The A system transport activity is decreased in quiescent cells, whereas L system transport activity increases. Conditions which effect endogenous amino acid levels have an effect on transport activity. Feedback regulation of transport activity through the amino acid pool levels is another way animal cells can regulate transport activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025575"}
{"pmid": "1025623", "title": "Scanning electron microscopy of four teleostean retinas.", "content": "Scanning electron microscopy of four teleostean retinas. The morphology of the retinas of the goldeye Hiodon alosoides (fam. Hiodontidae), the brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis (fam. Salmonidae), the yellow perch Perca flavescens and the walleye Stizostedion vitreum (fam. Percidae) was studied by SEM. Semi-thin plastic sections of the same retinas were also examined for comparison. Contrary to observation of earlier authors the goldeye retina was found to possess both rods and cones; in the case of the other three fishes' retinas, present observations correspond to previous ones, adding only details. SEM gives an impressive, three dimensil view of the gross surface features of the retinas. Shrinkage during the processing of the specimens for SEM, while not altering the general topography, does induce artifacts in both plexiform layers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025623"}
{"pmid": "1025622", "title": "Mass-spectrographic evidence of the conversion of p-chloroamphetamine to 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine.", "content": "Mass-spectrographic evidence of the conversion of p-chloroamphetamine to 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine. Intraventricularly injected p-chloroamphetamine (p-CA) was actively metabolized to 3,4-dimethoxyamphetamine (3,4-DMA) in the rat brain. Time-course experiments with intraperitoneally injected p-CA confirmed that the presence of cerebral 3,4-DMA was not due to its \"one-pass\" entry from the peripheral organs. The identity of 3,4-DMA from brain tissue and urine was established by comparison to authentic 3,4-DMA. The synthetic and biological samples were isographic in all analytical systems. 3,4-DMA from biological samples was verified by mass spectrography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025622"}
{"pmid": "1025631", "title": "The maximum allowable cost regulations and pharmaceutical research and development.", "content": "The maximum allowable cost regulations and pharmaceutical research and development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025631"}
{"pmid": "1025630", "title": "Domiciliary care facilities under the SSI program in selected states.", "content": "Domiciliary care facilities under the SSI program in selected states.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025630"}
{"pmid": "1025632", "title": "Factors influencing the release of adult residents in public mental institutions, 1967.", "content": "Factors influencing the release of adult residents in public mental institutions, 1967.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025632"}
{"pmid": "1025633", "title": "The pathology and pathogenesis of Trypanosoma vivax infection in the goat.", "content": "The pathology and pathogenesis of Trypanosoma vivax infection in the goat. Acute and chronic forms of disease can be distinguished in Trypanosoma vivax infection in the goat. The main difference between the acute and chronic form seems to be the presence of microthrombi in the acute stage of infection; these consist of platelets, trypanosomes, monocytoid cells and some fibrin. This thrombus formation seems directly related to the high parasitaemia in acute trypanosomiasis and may result in ischaemia which could also explain the haemorrhages, the oedema of the lungs and other tissues, and the necrotic changes found in several organs. The anaemia, associated with erythrophagocytosis, haemosiderosis, extramedullary haemopoiesis and hyperactivity of the bone marrow, seemed to be of haemolytic origin. The factors leading to emaciation seemed to be degenerative atrophy of muscular tissue and loss of protein in the urine caused by a possible immune complex glomerulonephritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025633"}
{"pmid": "1025634", "title": "Seasonal changes in the coat of the cat.", "content": "Seasonal changes in the coat of the cat. The coats of four cats were studied for 20 months through one winter and one summer in Australia. It was found that the outer coat and undercoat length varied from 25 mm and 12 mm in summer to 30 mm and 15 mm in winter. Follicle activity was at a maximum about February (late summer) and at a minimum in August (late winter). The peak of winter inactivity was narrow, and fell short of 100 per cent. During summer never more than 70 per cent of the outer coat hairs, and 50 per cent of the undercoat were active, indicating that despite a basic seasonal cycle, hair replacement is relatively gradual.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025634"}
{"pmid": "1025635", "title": "Babesia major in Britain: cross-immunity trials with Babesia divergens in splenectomised calves.", "content": "Babesia major in Britain: cross-immunity trials with Babesia divergens in splenectomised calves. Splenectomised calves infected with Babesia major were shown to have no resistance to challenge with Babesia divergens; however, initial infection with B divergens provided a good protection against subsequent challenge with B major. It is suggested that this might mean that B divergens would be the dominant and most commonly encountered species in areas where both occur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025635"}
{"pmid": "1025637", "title": "The effects of haemorrhagic anaemia and physical training on the energy metabolism and heart rate response to exercise in sheep.", "content": "The effects of haemorrhagic anaemia and physical training on the energy metabolism and heart rate response to exercise in sheep. The energy metabolism and heart rate response to exercise were studied in haemorrhagically anaemic sheep. Anaemia did not affect the efficiency of food utilisation, but might reduce appetite. Anaemic sheep were at no particular circulatory disadvantage under the stress of physical exertion up to the levels imposed in this experiment (3-2km/h, 8 degrees -12 degrees gradient), but they appeared to undergo some circulatory adaptation, probably an increased stroke-volume.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025637"}
{"pmid": "1025639", "title": "Amount of western equine encephalitis virus inoculated by transmitting Culex tarsalis mosquitoes.", "content": "Amount of western equine encephalitis virus inoculated by transmitting Culex tarsalis mosquitoes. The amount of western equine encephalitis virus inoculated by infected Culex tarsalis mosquitoes is highly variable between individual mosquitoes. The majority (68 per cent) inoculate less than 100 intracerebral three-week-old mouse LD50 at time of feeding and the quanity appears unrelated to temperature or length of incubation following initial infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025639"}
{"pmid": "1025638", "title": "The effect of corticosteroids on the cysticerci of Taenia ovis in sheep.", "content": "The effect of corticosteroids on the cysticerci of Taenia ovis in sheep. The effect of two synthetic corticosteroids on the cysticerci of Taenia ovis in sheep has been investigated. Dexamethasone given from four days before infection had no effect on the number of cysticerci recovered but did enhance their survival. When betamethasone was used there was an increase in the number of cysts compared with controls. Corticosteroids given for 12 days after infection did not increase the number of viable cysticerci recovered at autopsy three months later but when treatment was continued until the time of autopsy, a very high proportion of cysticerci were viable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025638"}
{"pmid": "1025640", "title": "The experimental infection of calves with a British leptospire of the Pomona serogroup.", "content": "The experimental infection of calves with a British leptospire of the Pomona serogroup. Two calves were infected with a British leptospire of the Pomona serogroup. Both showed symptoms of anorexia and fever and one had marked haemoglobinurea and leptospiruria. The serum antibody titres rose rapidly in both calves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025640"}
{"pmid": "1025641", "title": "Effects of vasectomy on fructose levels in the ejaculate of rams.", "content": "Effects of vasectomy on fructose levels in the ejaculate of rams. Fructose concentration was studied in the ejaculates of 20 intact and 19 vasectomised rams over a two year period. In intact rams the concentration ranged from 222-740 mg/100 ml of seminal plasma during the breeding season (October to December), with lower values (0-300 mg/100) during the rest of the year. In vasectomised rams the seasonal pattern was less marked with very high values (800-1260 mg/100 ml) as well as low values (0-20 mg/100 ml) being encountered during both the breeding and non-breeding seasons, indicating changes in accessory gland function. Fructose concentrations in ejaculate were determined in 20 intact and 19 vasectomized rams over a 2-year period. During the breeding season (October-December), fructose concentrations ranged from 222 to 740 mg/100 ml of seminal plasma in  intact animals;  values ranged from 0 to 300 mg/100 ml during the rest of the year. In vasectomized animals, values as high as 800-1260 mg/100 ml and as low as 0-20 mg/100 ml were found during both the breeding and nonbreeding seasons. The results indicate  changes in accessory gland function following vasectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025641"}
{"pmid": "1025636", "title": "Determinative data for 4'-O-methyl equol and related compounds.", "content": "Determinative data for 4'-O-methyl equol and related compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025636"}
{"pmid": "1025652", "title": "The mode of growth within the jejunal crypts of the rat [proceedings].", "content": "The mode of growth within the jejunal crypts of the rat [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025652"}
{"pmid": "1025642", "title": "Proximal airway conditions-some theoretical considerations.", "content": "Proximal airway conditions-some theoretical considerations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025642"}
{"pmid": "1025653", "title": "Do leukaemic lymphocytes differ from normal lymphocytes in their ability to repair DNA damage [proceedings]?", "content": "Do leukaemic lymphocytes differ from normal lymphocytes in their ability to repair DNA damage [proceedings]?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025653"}
{"pmid": "1025654", "title": "DNA turnover in nuclei of cells from higher plants [proceedings].", "content": "DNA turnover in nuclei of cells from higher plants [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025654"}
{"pmid": "1025655", "title": "Formation and turnover of a new aliquot of nuclear DNA [proceedings].", "content": "Formation and turnover of a new aliquot of nuclear DNA [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025655"}
{"pmid": "1025643", "title": "Internships for respiratory therapy.", "content": "Internships for respiratory therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025643"}
{"pmid": "1025644", "title": "RT education: role for proprietary schools? Part II.", "content": "RT education: role for proprietary schools? Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025644"}
{"pmid": "1025657", "title": "DNA content of midgut in the stick insect Bacillus rossius [proceedings].", "content": "DNA content of midgut in the stick insect Bacillus rossius [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025657"}
{"pmid": "1025663", "title": "Effect of glucagon on synthesis and turnover of DNA in foetal hepatic nuclei of rats (proceedings).", "content": "Effect of glucagon on synthesis and turnover of DNA in foetal hepatic nuclei of rats (proceedings).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025663"}
{"pmid": "1025648", "title": "Primary hyperparathyroidism: diagnostic value of a model of multivariate statistical analysis.", "content": "Primary hyperparathyroidism: diagnostic value of a model of multivariate statistical analysis. In examining a group of 90 hypercalcaemic patients (37 with primary hyperparathyroidism), a comparison was made of the diagnostic reliability of: 1) tests commonly used for diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism; 2) radioimmunoassay of plasma parathormone; 3) a recently introduced model of multivariate statistical analysis. The results indicate that, at present, the model of multivariate statistical analysis used is of higher diagnostic reliability in the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism than renal phosphate excretion tests and the radioimmunoassay of PTH itself.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025648"}
{"pmid": "1025647", "title": "The e antigen and antibody in the serum of patients with HBsAg-positive liver disease and in asymptomatic carriers.", "content": "The e antigen and antibody in the serum of patients with HBsAg-positive liver disease and in asymptomatic carriers. Serum samples from 103 HBsAg positive and 69 negative patients were examined in Ouchterlony double diffusion in agarose for the presence of e antigen and anti-e antibody. e antigen was found in 66% of the cases of active chronic hepatitis, 18% of those of active cirrhosis, and 12% of those of acute hepatitis. Anti-e antibody was found only in asymptomatic chronic carriers; it occurred in 56% of HBsAg-positive individuals with normal livers at biopsy. No e reactivity was found in 6 subjects with inactive disease and in 3 with chronic persistent hepatitis. The e system seems a valuable diagnostic tool utilizing the presence of the antigen to differentiate patients with chronic progressive disease from healthy carriers who, in contrast, often have circulating anti-e antibodies; its clinical value, however, is at present limited  by the low sensitivity of the technique used for antigen detection. A significant association between e antigen and the intrahepatic expression of the core determinant of the HB virus was observed inthis study, suggesting they have a similar role in pathogenicity and infectivity; the association between anti-e antibody and HBsAg appeared uncertain, HBsAg being present in the liver irrespective of e reactivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025647"}
{"pmid": "1025651", "title": "Studies on parathyroid scintiphotography.", "content": "Studies on parathyroid scintiphotography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025651"}
{"pmid": "1025673", "title": "RNA content of isolated hepatocytes determined by microinterferometry [proceedings].", "content": "RNA content of isolated hepatocytes determined by microinterferometry [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025673"}
{"pmid": "1025672", "title": "Separation of the hepatocyte weight classes by gradient centrifugation [proceedings].", "content": "Separation of the hepatocyte weight classes by gradient centrifugation [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025672"}
{"pmid": "1025674", "title": "Effect of adrenalectomy on the hepatocyte dry mass.", "content": "Effect of adrenalectomy on the hepatocyte dry mass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025674"}
{"pmid": "1025649", "title": "The problem of infections in acute leukemias. Personal experience in diagnosis and treatment.", "content": "The problem of infections in acute leukemias. Personal experience in diagnosis and treatment. This report is based on experience over the last 5 years in the diagnosis and treatment of infections in 200 acute leukemic patients hospitalized in the Institute of Haematology, University of Rome. The relevant clinical and laboratory findings are discussed in relation to the diagnosis of secondary infections. Most of the febrile episodes were associated with infection. The frequently rapid development of the infections in these patients requires empirical antibiotic treatment. The best results were obtained when the combinations carbenicillin-cephalothin-gentamicin (success rate of 65%), and carbenicillin-cephalothin-gentamicin-lyncomycin-methicillin (success rate of 62%), were used as empirical therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025649"}
{"pmid": "1025671", "title": "The bursa of Fabricius in birds. Recent histochemical aspects of its differentiation towards immunological competence.", "content": "The bursa of Fabricius in birds. Recent histochemical aspects of its differentiation towards immunological competence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025671"}
{"pmid": "1025650", "title": "De Lange syndrome. Clinical, dermatoglyphic and chromosomal findings in nine cases.", "content": "De Lange syndrome. Clinical, dermatoglyphic and chromosomal findings in nine cases. Nine cases of the de Lange syndrome are reviewed. Our findings show that the facial characteristics in the present series and in previously reported cases are remarkably similar. Dermatoglyphically, we have documented an increased incidence of tibial loops on the hallucal area and increased incidence of single flexion creases of the digits from this study series. Our study also supports the previous authors who have recorded an increased incidence in radial loops on the second and third digits and increased incidence of simian lines. We have not been able to document a consistent chromosomal defect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025650"}
{"pmid": "1025665", "title": "Localization of endogenous peroxidase in secretory granules of human parotid and submandibular gland. An electron microscope study [proceedings)].", "content": "Localization of endogenous peroxidase in secretory granules of human parotid and submandibular gland. An electron microscope study [proceedings)].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025665"}
{"pmid": "1025705", "title": "Mortality and mental health: evidence from the Midtown Manhattan Restudy.", "content": "Mortality and mental health: evidence from the Midtown Manhattan Restudy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025705"}
{"pmid": "1025708", "title": "Transcultural attitudes toward antisocial behavior: the \"worst\" crimes.", "content": "Transcultural attitudes toward antisocial behavior: the \"worst\" crimes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025708"}
{"pmid": "1025711", "title": "Relative importance of variables in determination of practice location: a pilot study.", "content": "Relative importance of variables in determination of practice location: a pilot study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025711"}
{"pmid": "1025713", "title": "The effects of policies and programs on reduction of mental hospitalization.", "content": "The effects of policies and programs on reduction of mental hospitalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025713"}
{"pmid": "1025716", "title": "Review of prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in Japan.", "content": "Review of prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in Japan. There has been a temporary increase in schistosomiasis japonica after World War II in each of the known endemic areas, but a national control programme, including use of molluscicides, lining irrigation ditches through rice paddies with concrete and the reclamation of swampy areas by drainage and filling, begun around 1950, drastically reduced the prevalence and distribution of the disease. It can be said that these measures together with improvements in agricultural techniques, mechanization of farming and also socioeconomic factors such as improvements in the living standards of the inhabitants and urbanization have brought about a rapid decrease in schistosomiasis in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025716"}
{"pmid": "1025707", "title": "Behavioral science and medical education: a biobehavioral perspective.", "content": "Behavioral science and medical education: a biobehavioral perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025707"}
{"pmid": "1025706", "title": "Avoidance of the ontological confrontation of death and physiological measures in a field setting simulating a death atmosphere.", "content": "Avoidance of the ontological confrontation of death and physiological measures in a field setting simulating a death atmosphere.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025706"}
{"pmid": "1025717", "title": "Current status of schistosomiasis in Laos, Thailand and Malaysia.", "content": "Current status of schistosomiasis in Laos, Thailand and Malaysia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025717"}
{"pmid": "1025709", "title": "Change in physician attitudes toward reform in medical education: the results of a field experiment.", "content": "Change in physician attitudes toward reform in medical education: the results of a field experiment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025709"}
{"pmid": "1025718", "title": "Schistosomiasis japonica in China: a brief review.", "content": "Schistosomiasis japonica in China: a brief review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025718"}
{"pmid": "1025710", "title": "Reproductive freedom, coercion and justice. Some ethical aspects of population policy and practice.", "content": "Reproductive freedom, coercion and justice. Some ethical aspects of population policy and practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025710"}
{"pmid": "1025719", "title": "Diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infections in man: an introduction and brief review.", "content": "Diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infections in man: an introduction and brief review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025719"}
{"pmid": "1025712", "title": "A suggested framework for the provision of health facilities in Nigeria.", "content": "A suggested framework for the provision of health facilities in Nigeria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025712"}
{"pmid": "1025714", "title": "Motivation and family planning: incentives and disincentives in the delivery system.", "content": "Motivation and family planning: incentives and disincentives in the delivery system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025714"}
{"pmid": "1025715", "title": "Some proposed criteria for behavioral scientists working in medical settings.", "content": "Some proposed criteria for behavioral scientists working in medical settings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025715"}
{"pmid": "1025720", "title": "Techniques in schistosomiasis field surveys.", "content": "Techniques in schistosomiasis field surveys.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025720"}
{"pmid": "1025721", "title": "Culture of Schistosoma japonicum (Philippine strain) from the cercarial stage and the effects of immune rabbit and human sera in vitro: a preliminary report.", "content": "Culture of Schistosoma japonicum (Philippine strain) from the cercarial stage and the effects of immune rabbit and human sera in vitro: a preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025721"}
{"pmid": "1025724", "title": "Laboratory breeding of Oncomelania nosophora in Japan.", "content": "Laboratory breeding of Oncomelania nosophora in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025724"}
{"pmid": "1025722", "title": "A review of the biology of the Chinese and Formosan strains of Schistoma japonicum.", "content": "A review of the biology of the Chinese and Formosan strains of Schistoma japonicum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025722"}
{"pmid": "1025723", "title": "The maintenance of Philippine and other strains of Schistosoma japonicum in the laboratory and the differences among Philippine strains of Oncomelania.", "content": "The maintenance of Philippine and other strains of Schistosoma japonicum in the laboratory and the differences among Philippine strains of Oncomelania.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025723"}
{"pmid": "1025725", "title": "Morphology and taxonomy of the snail intermediate host of the Mekong schistosome.", "content": "Morphology and taxonomy of the snail intermediate host of the Mekong schistosome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025725"}
{"pmid": "1025726", "title": "Notes on the aquatic ecology of Lithoglyphopsis aperta.", "content": "Notes on the aquatic ecology of Lithoglyphopsis aperta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025726"}
{"pmid": "1025727", "title": "Population research on Oncomelania quadrasi in Leyte, Philippines.", "content": "Population research on Oncomelania quadrasi in Leyte, Philippines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025727"}
{"pmid": "1025728", "title": "Clinical studies on schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines: a review.", "content": "Clinical studies on schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines: a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025728"}
{"pmid": "1025729", "title": "A clinico-pathologic study of cases with Schistosoma japonicum infection in Indonesia.", "content": "A clinico-pathologic study of cases with Schistosoma japonicum infection in Indonesia. Combined clinico-pathological and laboratory examinations were carried out on 52 S. japonicum infected patients from an endemic area in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. All of these patients exhibited signs and symptoms of chronic hepato-splenic schistosomiasis. None of the patients showed evidence of liver cirrhosis on histopathological examination. However, varying degrees of portal fibrosis were exhibited. The correlation between the degree of fibrosis and the clinical and laboratory findings were presented and discussed. Based on the results, liver biopsy proved to be a vaulable method of diagnosis in this particular type of infection. This study provides new information on S. japonicum infection in the area and may support a more solid basis for treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025729"}
{"pmid": "1025731", "title": "Studies on IgE level among patients with schistosomiasis japonica in Japan.", "content": "Studies on IgE level among patients with schistosomiasis japonica in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025731"}
{"pmid": "1025732", "title": "Review of schistosomiasis control in the Philippines.", "content": "Review of schistosomiasis control in the Philippines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025732"}
{"pmid": "1025730", "title": "Clinical study of Mekong schistosomiasis at Khong Island, Southern Laos.", "content": "Clinical study of Mekong schistosomiasis at Khong Island, Southern Laos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025730"}
{"pmid": "1025733", "title": "Programme of schistosomiasis control in Japan.", "content": "Programme of schistosomiasis control in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025733"}
{"pmid": "1025734", "title": "Laboratory trials of two new molluscicides, the bark of \"gogo\" (Entada phasholoides) and Polynactin, against Oncomelania snails: a preliminary report.", "content": "Laboratory trials of two new molluscicides, the bark of \"gogo\" (Entada phasholoides) and Polynactin, against Oncomelania snails: a preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025734"}
{"pmid": "1025735", "title": "Ambilhar in the treatment of Schistosoma japonicum infection and as an egg suppressant for mass treatment.", "content": "Ambilhar in the treatment of Schistosoma japonicum infection and as an egg suppressant for mass treatment. Ambilhar or niridazole at a dose of 25 mg per kg body weight for 7 days was found ineffective against Sl japonicum infection. Longer period of treatment for 10 to 14 days gave impressive stool negative conversion and egg reduction rates but with moderately severe reactions, the most alarming of which was hallucination. To minimize toxicity, the daily dose was reduced but given for a longer duration so that the total amount of the drug given per kilogram body weight was approximately the same as the 25 mg pre kg per day for 10 to 14 days. Of the two treatment schedules tried, the 15 mg per kg per day for 24 days was found relatively effective. Although the drug with this treatment regimen was well tolerated, a drop-out of 50.8% was observed. Ambilhar was therefore tried as an egg suppressant. With a 10-day treatment, all patients were again positive after 6 months. Egg reduction rates during the 6 months stool follow-up ranged from 69.8 to 93.5%. Further trials using this dose to be repeated every 3 to 6 months is contemplated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025735"}
{"pmid": "1025736", "title": "Recommendations for future research work on the control of Schistosoma japonicum in East and Southeast Asia.", "content": "Recommendations for future research work on the control of Schistosoma japonicum in East and Southeast Asia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025736"}
{"pmid": "1025737", "title": "Pseudomonas putrefaciens from clinical material.", "content": "Pseudomonas putrefaciens from clinical material. Three strains of Pseudomonas putrefaciens were isolated from routine clinical specimens at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Their cultural and biochemical characteristic, and antibiotic susceptibilities are presented. Characteristics of diagnostic value were stressed. Two isolates appeared to have played a pathogenic role in chronic otitis media.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025737"}
{"pmid": "1025738", "title": "A study of the microfilarial periodicity at Bireuen, the type locality of Brugia malayi.", "content": "A study of the microfilarial periodicity at Bireuen, the type locality of Brugia malayi. A field study was conducted in August 1974 at Bireuen, Indonesia, at the type locality of Brugia malayi from where the parasite was first described by Lichtenstein (1927) and Brug (1927), in order to determine the pattern of the microfilarial periodicity. From the results, it has been demonstrated that both the microfilariae of B. malayi as well as those of W. bancrofti in man from Bireuen area are the nocturnally periodic form. The microfilaria rates observed in the present survey were  much lower than those recorded by Lichtenstein (1927) some 50 years ago in the same areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025738"}
{"pmid": "1025739", "title": "Physiological response to parasitism. I. Changes in carbohydrate reserves of the molluscan host.", "content": "Physiological response to parasitism. I. Changes in carbohydrate reserves of the molluscan host. A comparison of tissue carbohydrate levels is made between larval trematode infected and uninfected snails under three physiological conditions, i.e., unstarved, starved and ré-fed. Under all these conditions, infected snails were found to be hyperglycaemic compared to uninfected snails. Contrasting behaviour of the digestive gland and the foot under these conditions, suggests that some inherent mechanism in the foot is activated which enables it to take up an additional role of seplenishing carbohydrate lost to the pararites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025739"}
{"pmid": "1025741", "title": "Periplaneta americana (L.) as intermediate host of Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser) in Penang, Malaysia.", "content": "Periplaneta americana (L.) as intermediate host of Moniliformis moniliformis (Bremser) in Penang, Malaysia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025741"}
{"pmid": "1025740", "title": "Absence of plague in certain mammals from Java and Kalimantan (Borneo).", "content": "Absence of plague in certain mammals from Java and Kalimantan (Borneo). Antibodies against plague were lacking in 237 wild mammal sera from Java and 103 from Kalimantan. Wild mammal spleens, 114 from Java and 18 from Kalimantan were negative for plague bacilli. A variety of mammalian species and areas was examined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025740"}
{"pmid": "1025742", "title": "Abnormal haemoglobins and hereditary ovalocytosis in the Ulu Jempul District of Kuala Pilah, West Malaysia.", "content": "Abnormal haemoglobins and hereditary ovalocytosis in the Ulu Jempul District of Kuala Pilah, West Malaysia. A survey of abnormal haemoglobins and hereditary ovalocytosis was carried out among 629 Malays of Minangkabau descent in the Ulu Jempul District of Kuala Pilah, in the state of Negri Sembilan in West Malaysia.. Several abnormal haemoglobins were found with the following frequencies: Hb E 5.25%, Hb CoSp 2.38%, Hb A2 indonesia 0.80%, a fast moving Hb with a Mobility between A and Bart's 0.64% and Hb Q 0.16%. Hereditary ovalocytosis was found in 13.2% of these people. None of the persons with hereditary ovalocytosis had any evidence of haemolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025742"}
{"pmid": "1025743", "title": "Trace elements in air, water and food in the Philippines.", "content": "Trace elements in air, water and food in the Philippines. A study was conducted to determine the levels of trace metals like lead, mercury, chromium and cadmium in air, water and foods by colorimetric means. It was observed that their levels are within normal limit with minor exceptions which was mentioned already.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025743"}
{"pmid": "1025744", "title": "Official statistics and blindness in Hong Kong.", "content": "Official statistics and blindness in Hong Kong. WHO designated 1976 as the year for the prevention of blindness and attention is drawn to the prevalence rate and causes of blindness in Hong Kong. The former as released by WHO is as high as 1392 per 100,000 and the latter tends to suggest Vitamin A deficiency is still an important cause here. This article reviews all the official statistics on blindness published in Hong Kong over the past twenty years and seeks to suggest an appropriate prevalence rate for Hong Kong and demonstrate the changing pattern of causes of blindness in Hong Kong. It concludes that Hong Kong should adopt a statistical definition and classification of blindness accepted internationally and suggests that in the presentation of statistics, the misleading factor of present inclusion of past events should be avoided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025744"}
{"pmid": "1025748", "title": "Gnathostoma spinigerum Owen, 1836 (Nematoda: Gnathostomidae) from a civet cat, Prionodon linsang Hardwick, with reference to its dietary habits.", "content": "Gnathostoma spinigerum Owen, 1836 (Nematoda: Gnathostomidae) from a civet cat, Prionodon linsang Hardwick, with reference to its dietary habits. The recovery of six adult Gnathostoma spinigerum Owen, 1936 from a civet cat, Prionodon linsang Hardwick, constitutes the second reported record of this parasite and the first authenticated case of adult worms found in a wild animal from Malaysia. The food habits of the infected P. linsang as an important link in the transmission of G. spinigerum in the intermediate and definitive hosts together with the probable distribution of this parasite are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025748"}
{"pmid": "1025745", "title": "Small mammal ectoparasites from Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia.", "content": "Small mammal ectoparasites from Ancol, Jakarta, Indonesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025745"}
{"pmid": "1025747", "title": "The first record of Hunterellus hookeri parasitizing Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Indonesia.", "content": "The first record of Hunterellus hookeri parasitizing Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Indonesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025747"}
{"pmid": "1025749", "title": "Parapleurogonius brevicecum gen. et sp. n. (Trematoda: Pronocephalidae) from a freshwater turtle in peninsular Malaysia.", "content": "Parapleurogonius brevicecum gen. et sp. n. (Trematoda: Pronocephalidae) from a freshwater turtle in peninsular Malaysia. Parapleurogonius brevicecum gen. et sp. n. is described from the freshwater turtle, Kachuga trivittata, in Selangor, Malaysia. Parapleurogonius is most closely related to Pleurogonius Looss, 1901, but from which it can be distinguished by the termination of the ceca at or just overlapping the anterior border of the testes and the pretesticular position of the excretory pore. Additionally, Parapleurogonius is described from a freshwater turtle, whereas Pleurogonius is only known from marine hosts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025749"}
{"pmid": "1025746", "title": "Angiostrongylus malaysiensis in Indonesia.", "content": "Angiostrongylus malaysiensis in Indonesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025746"}
{"pmid": "1025750", "title": "Biology of the snail-killing fly, Sepedon spangleri Beaver (Diptera: Sciomyzidae). II. Ability of the larvae to kill snails of medical importance in Thailand.", "content": "Biology of the snail-killing fly, Sepedon spangleri Beaver (Diptera: Sciomyzidae). II. Ability of the larvae to kill snails of medical importance in Thailand. S. spangleri larvae preferred five species of non-operculate snails; Gyraulus convexiusculus Hutton, Segmentina hemisphaerula Benson, Hippeutis umbilicalis Benson, Indoplanorbis exustus Larambergue, and Trochobis trochoideus Benson. They occasionally consumed the operculate snails: Melanoides tuberculata Muller, Lithoglyphopsis aperta, Hubendickia siamensis Brandt, Lacunopis munensis Brandt, Tarebia granifera, Lamarch and Viviparus sp. but were innocuous to Bithynia laevis Lea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025750"}
{"pmid": "1025752", "title": "Observation on biting midge infestations on Mamburao Beach, Mimdoro, Philippines.", "content": "Observation on biting midge infestations on Mamburao Beach, Mimdoro, Philippines. The occurrence of biting midge infestation involving the species Leptoconops (Styloconops) spinosifrons Carter 1921 (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae) is reported from a beach resort in Mindoro Island, Philippines. The flies are most active between 0700 and 0900 hours, and again, between 1600 and 1800 hours; they are most abundant in the shoreline and sand beach area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025752"}
{"pmid": "1025751", "title": "A case of human infection with Newcastle disease virus.", "content": "A case of human infection with Newcastle disease virus. A case of Newcastle disease virus infection in a female laboratory technician is reported for the first time in Malaysia. Infection was acquired by droplet infection of the eye while grinding infected chicken in the laboratory. The case was confirmed by isolation of Newcastle disease virus from an eye swab taken from the subject on the first day of clinical signs. A four-fold rise of haemagglutination-inhibition titre was shown when sera on the third day of infection and 15 days later were compared.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025751"}
{"pmid": "1025753", "title": "SEAMEO-TROPMED Scientific Group Meeting: Malaria in Southeast Asia.", "content": "SEAMEO-TROPMED Scientific Group Meeting: Malaria in Southeast Asia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025753"}
{"pmid": "1025783", "title": "Relevance of medical research to patient care.", "content": "Relevance of medical research to patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025783"}
{"pmid": "1025799", "title": "H.R. 1: model for an effective NHI program.", "content": "H.R. 1: model for an effective NHI program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025799"}
{"pmid": "1025798", "title": "The proposals are many and varied...but some tough questions remain.", "content": "The proposals are many and varied...but some tough questions remain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025798"}
{"pmid": "1025800", "title": "A sampling of public opinion.", "content": "A sampling of public opinion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025800"}
{"pmid": "1025801", "title": "Quality assurance: whose responsibility?", "content": "Quality assurance: whose responsibility?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025801"}
{"pmid": "1025802", "title": "Short-term results of combined radioimmunotherapy in inoperable lung cancer.", "content": "Short-term results of combined radioimmunotherapy in inoperable lung cancer. Fifty-three inoperable lung cancer patients were treated with radiotherapy combined with immunostimulation with BCG. A good response was obtained in 30 patients (56%); the results were not significantly different than those obtained with a control group of 50 lung cancer patients matched by age, sex and stage of the disease (24 out of 50 equals 46%). These short-term results were compared with the immunologic \"status\" of patients evaluated before treatment by the parameters monitoring in vivo and in vitro delayed type hypersensitivity. The good response to therapy was documented in a higher percentage of patients with positive skin tests to recall and standard antigens and with normal values of lymphocyte transformation with PHA and Rosette E-forming cells, in comparison with patients with low levels of immunocompetence. An impairment of the cell-mediated immune response was found after combined therapy, presumably due to radiotherapy. BCG was not able to restore the patient's immunocompetence, no effect on host's immune reactivity was demonstrated. As regards humoral immunity, the patients with low levels of IgG before treatment (12/14) showed a good response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025802"}
{"pmid": "1025804", "title": "Activity and intracellular localization of lysosomal acid phosphatase in lymphocytes from patients with Hodgkin's disease, plasma cell myeloma and primary polycythemia.", "content": "Activity and intracellular localization of lysosomal acid phosphatase in lymphocytes from patients with Hodgkin's disease, plasma cell myeloma and primary polycythemia. Using the cytochemical method after Barka and Anderson, activity and localization of lysosomal acid phosphatase (AP) was determined in peripheral-blood lymphocytes from 20 healthy subjects, 10 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), 10 patients with plasma cell myeloma (PCM), and 10 patients with primary polycythemia (PP). Total count of AP-positive lymphocytes was lowest in the patients with HD. Moreover, they showed a significant decrease of the absolute count of lymphocytes with well formed and more numerous AP-positive lysosomal granules. Analogous alterations in lymphocytes from patients with PCM and those with PP were much less significant. The authors discuss the importance of the above-mentioned observations for evaluation on a cellular basis of lowered immunity of patients with lympho-proliferative and myelo-proliferative disorders, with special regard to AP as a T-cell marker.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025804"}
{"pmid": "1025803", "title": "N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with cancer of the larynx.", "content": "N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with cancer of the larynx. In 20 men, age 35 to 55 years, with cancer of the larynx of N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in peripheral blood lymphocytes was determined cytochemically according to Hayashi's method. Numbers of enzyme-positive cells were counted with regard to the type of cytochemical reaction (granular, granular-diffuse, or diffuse), and to the number of enzyme-positive lysosomal granules within a single cell. In comparison to 20 healthy men, age 20 to 30 years, the following changes were noted in the patients: 1) the decrease of the total count of enzyme-negative lymphocytes; 2) the decrease of the total count of lymphocytes with granular type of reaction; 3) the increase of the counts of lymphocytes with granular-diffuse and diffuse type of reaction. The authors suggest that these changes could be related to the immune reaction of specific tumor antigens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025803"}
{"pmid": "1025833", "title": "The sacco-cerebellar tract of \"Scylliorhynus canicula\" L. Preliminary report.", "content": "The sacco-cerebellar tract of \"Scylliorhynus canicula\" L. Preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025833"}
{"pmid": "1025924", "title": "X/X translocation in a girl with gonadal dysgenesis.", "content": "X/X translocation in a girl with gonadal dysgenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025924"}
{"pmid": "1025923", "title": "ABO grouping of blood stains by rapid mixed agglutination without first washing.", "content": "ABO grouping of blood stains by rapid mixed agglutination without first washing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025923"}
{"pmid": "1025922", "title": "The incidences of thyroid autoimmunity in diabetics and in patients with insulin autoimmunity.", "content": "The incidences of thyroid autoimmunity in diabetics and in patients with insulin autoimmunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025922"}
{"pmid": "1025925", "title": "Clinical studies on 56 cases of oral malignant tumor.", "content": "Clinical studies on 56 cases of oral malignant tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025925"}
{"pmid": "1025926", "title": "An autopsy case of myocardial sarcoidosis.", "content": "An autopsy case of myocardial sarcoidosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025926"}
{"pmid": "1025928", "title": "Electron microscopic studies on retinal capillaries in human diabetic retinopathy.", "content": "Electron microscopic studies on retinal capillaries in human diabetic retinopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025928"}
{"pmid": "1025931", "title": "Evidence for soluble estradiol receptors in the amygdala of male and female rats.", "content": "Evidence for soluble estradiol receptors in the amygdala of male and female rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025931"}
{"pmid": "1025921", "title": "The Dalkon Shield litigation.", "content": "The Dalkon Shield litigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025921"}
{"pmid": "1025917", "title": "A perspective on health care and women in the Mississippi delta.", "content": "A perspective on health care and women in the Mississippi delta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025917"}
{"pmid": "1025932", "title": "An autopsy case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the liver.", "content": "An autopsy case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025932"}
{"pmid": "1025933", "title": "Complement fixation to pleuropneumonia-like organism and cold hemagglutination titers in children with primary atypical pneumonia.", "content": "Complement fixation to pleuropneumonia-like organism and cold hemagglutination titers in children with primary atypical pneumonia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025933"}
{"pmid": "1025929", "title": "A scanning electron microscopic study on implantation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in the peritoneal layer.", "content": "A scanning electron microscopic study on implantation of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in the peritoneal layer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025929"}
{"pmid": "1025930", "title": "Studies on RNA turnover in rat tissues.", "content": "Studies on RNA turnover in rat tissues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025930"}
{"pmid": "1025934", "title": "Comparative observation on surface topography of teguments and eggshells of diphyllobothriid cestodes by scanning electron microscopy.", "content": "Comparative observation on surface topography of teguments and eggshells of diphyllobothriid cestodes by scanning electron microscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025934"}
{"pmid": "1025935", "title": "Thermal sensibility of the receptor in the knee joint.", "content": "Thermal sensibility of the receptor in the knee joint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025935"}
{"pmid": "1025916", "title": "Experiences of a pelvic teaching group.", "content": "Experiences of a pelvic teaching group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025916"}
{"pmid": "1025927", "title": "Clinical and serological observations of streptococcal infection.", "content": "Clinical and serological observations of streptococcal infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025927"}
{"pmid": "1025937", "title": "The effects of electrical acupuncture on human somatosensory evoked potentials and spontaneous brain waves.", "content": "The effects of electrical acupuncture on human somatosensory evoked potentials and spontaneous brain waves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025937"}
{"pmid": "1025919", "title": "Woman workers and job health hazards.", "content": "Woman workers and job health hazards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025919"}
{"pmid": "1025918", "title": "Focus: Women's Health-Federal Commitment.", "content": "Focus: Women's Health-Federal Commitment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025918"}
{"pmid": "1025920", "title": "Commentary: continuing the discussion of women and national health insurance.", "content": "Commentary: continuing the discussion of women and national health insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025920"}
{"pmid": "1025963", "title": "The national center for health education in the US: a role of major significance.", "content": "The national center for health education in the US: a role of major significance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025963"}
{"pmid": "1025964", "title": "An exciting prospect.", "content": "An exciting prospect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025964"}
{"pmid": "1025966", "title": "Birth of the first centre for professional preparation in health education in Africa.", "content": "Birth of the first centre for professional preparation in health education in Africa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025966"}
{"pmid": "1025984", "title": "Formation of root hairs by the wheat Triticum Vulgare Host. Trichoblasts.", "content": "Formation of root hairs by the wheat Triticum Vulgare Host. Trichoblasts. The process of root hair formation has been studied by light-, transmission-and scanning electron microscopy. In the course of root hair development a break of the outer cell wall is observed by electron microscopy. It apparently occurs after the break of the fibrillar layer. The break of the outer layer of the cell wall is assumed to represent the break of the outer mucilage, the cuticle and the adjoining amorphous matrix with irregularly oriented cellulose microfibrils. The scheme of successive ultrastructural changes in the outer cell wall pattern during root hair formation is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025984"}
{"pmid": "1025983", "title": "Carbohydrates from hydrocarbons. II. Free and bound sugars from yeast cells grown on n-hexadecane.", "content": "Carbohydrates from hydrocarbons. II. Free and bound sugars from yeast cells grown on n-hexadecane. Candida lipolytica (strain 10) was grown on an n-hexadecane medium with and without yeast extract. The harvested dry cells were weighed at various stages of growth. The free sugars from the cultures were obtained by Soxhlet extraction with 85% ethyl alcohol. Further qualitative and quantitative analyses of free monosaccharides in the concentrated alcoholic extracts were made by paper chromatography. Glucose was the only free monosaccharide that could be identified at various stages of growth. The chromatographic analysis of the acid-hydrolyzed yeast cells indicated the presence of glucose and mannose as dominant bound sugars; galactose and xylose were present in minor quantities. In the harvested dry cells from the yeast extract-containing medium, in general, greater amounts of bound sugars were present.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025983"}
{"pmid": "1025987", "title": "Spinal bupivacain anaesthesia in traumatological surgery.", "content": "Spinal bupivacain anaesthesia in traumatological surgery. Two-hundred forty spinal cases of bupivacain anaesthesia are reported. One third of the patients was over 60 years of age and one quarter in a poor condition. No serious or lasting complications were observed. In the overwhelming majority anaesthesia during operation was satisfactory, thus the drug was found suitable for use in traumatological surgery. Due to its protracted effect, bupivacain ensures analgesia in the early postoperative period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025987"}
{"pmid": "1025997", "title": "The Soichet intrauterine device in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions.", "content": "The Soichet intrauterine device in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. IUD in the shape of a \"Y\" was inserted following curettage to 32 patients suffering from missed abortion or post-partum hemorrhage for the prevention of intrauterine adhesion formation, and to 48 patients suffering from sterility as a result of intrauterine adhesions. The rate of adhesion formation or recurrence of adhesions after their removal by curettage was very low and dropped significantly compared to other IUD's.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025997"}
{"pmid": "1026001", "title": "True pubertas praecox in a girl; onset at nineteen months.", "content": "True pubertas praecox in a girl; onset at nineteen months. The authors report a case of true pubertas praecox in a girl with onset at 19 months; they describe the principal histopathologic, clinical and laboratory features and discuss problems of etiopathogenesis and differential diagnosis, as well as the prognosis and treatment of this disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026001"}
{"pmid": "1025995", "title": "Kinetic and electrophoretic studies on the cyanide insensitive NADH diaphorase of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.", "content": "Kinetic and electrophoretic studies on the cyanide insensitive NADH diaphorase of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025995"}
{"pmid": "1025998", "title": "Incomplete type I male pseudohermaphroditism.", "content": "Incomplete type I male pseudohermaphroditism. The observation of a case of male pseudohermaphroiditism offered the opportunity for an analytical review of this pathology. Clinical features and failure to respond to prolonged testosterone treatment allowed this case to be included in the group characterized by androgen resistance of which a recent classification distinguishes various types on the basis of phenotypic and hormonal features. Incomplete virilization of the external genitals and high testosterone and LH plasma levels were evidence in favour of the conclusion that the case should be classified as incomplete male type I pseudohermaphroditism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025998"}
{"pmid": "1026000", "title": "First oviduct transplants.", "content": "First oviduct transplants. The first four cases of oviduct transplantation are described. In the first case, it consisted in the substitution of an oviduct that could not be recanalized after previous sterilization; two further patients had undergone salpingectomy for ectopic pregnancy, and one had been salpingectiomized for salpingitis. Donor oviducts preserved in liquid nitrogen at--196 degrees C were used as grafts. Rejection was prevented by countersensitization according to Theurer, also a first instance of the use of this method to be recorded in the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026000"}
{"pmid": "1025999", "title": "The significance of the combined dexamethasone-HCG test for the assessment of hyperandrogenism.", "content": "The significance of the combined dexamethasone-HCG test for the assessment of hyperandrogenism. The combined dexamethasone-HCG test was employed in 57 patients with excessive androgen secretion in order to differentiate the Stein-Leventhal syndrome from other disorders associated with increased androgen production. The patients were classified according to the test results. All except two of the patients gave a test result typical for the Stein-Leventhal syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1025999"}
{"pmid": "1026002", "title": "Preparation for surgery in cases of sterility.", "content": "Preparation for surgery in cases of sterility. The author illustrates various techniques to be applied in preparation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for sterility, such as perflation, hysterosalpingography, endometrial biopsy, culdoscopy and laparotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026002"}
{"pmid": "1026003", "title": "The effect of denervation on carnitine metabolism in rat skeletal muscle.", "content": "The effect of denervation on carnitine metabolism in rat skeletal muscle. We investigated the effect of denervation upon the concentration of carnitine, the activity of carnitine palmityltransferase and carnitine acetyltransferase in the \"red\" soleus and \"white\" extensor digitorum longus muscles of the rat. Soon after denervation a marked drop in the amount of muscle carnitine was observed, that was more pronounced in the \"red\" soleus. The activity of both CPT and CAT decreased in both types of muscle, but CPT activity decreased to a greater extent in the soleus than in the EDL. These data may be indicative of a more impaired fat combustion in the \"red\" than in the \"white\" muscle following denervation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026003"}
{"pmid": "1026004", "title": "Specificity of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin towards neutral substrates.", "content": "Specificity of trypsin and alpha-chymotrypsin towards neutral substrates. Steady state kinetics of the hydrolysis by trypsin and chymotrypsin of the ethyl esters of the N-acetyl derivatives of glycine, L-alanine, DL-2-aminobutyric acid, L-norvaline, L-valine, L-norleucine and L-leucine were studied at pH 6.6 and 25 degrees C. It is apparent from the second-order rate constants, kcat/Km, app, that there is a significant difference between the specificities of the two enzymes toward substrates with a long side chain, such as the derivatives of norvaline, norleucine and leucine. The carboxylate ion Asp-189 in the specificity pocket of trypsin seems to interfere with the productive binding of substrates containing apolar side chains longer than those of the derivatives of DL-2-aminobutyric acid or L-valine. The basic group of the specific substrates of trypsin, such as that of lysine and arginine derivatives, promotes the binding of the apolar side chain by neutralizing the negative carboxylate ion of Asp-189.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026004"}
{"pmid": "1026006", "title": "Biological fundamentals of consciousness.", "content": "Biological fundamentals of consciousness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026006"}
{"pmid": "1026005", "title": "Enkephalin analogs with enhanced opiate activity.", "content": "Enkephalin analogs with enhanced opiate activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026005"}
{"pmid": "1026031", "title": "Light and electron microscopic study of an intermediate sertoli-leydig cell tumor with a review of literatures in Japan.", "content": "Light and electron microscopic study of an intermediate sertoli-leydig cell tumor with a review of literatures in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026031"}
{"pmid": "1026033", "title": "LH determination in unconcertrated urine by a haemagglutination test.", "content": "LH determination in unconcertrated urine by a haemagglutination test. A hemagglutination test for luteinizing hormone (LH) in unconcentrated urine is described, in which erthyrocytes are sensitized with anti-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) rabbit gamma globulin and the presence of HCG or LH indicated in samples without ring formation.  24 urines were collected from 8 ovulating women throughout the menstrual cycle.  The urine test has a sensitivity for LH of 12.5 IU/liter.  The test takes 2 hours.  Effects of the presence of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), salt, glucose, human serum albumin (HSA), and human gamma globulin (HGG) on the estimates were determined.  The test was unaffected by the presence of glucose and salt up to 1.0 and 10 gm/dl, respectively.  HSA (50 mg/dl) and HCG (500 mg/dl) had some effects on ring pattern.  FSH had little effect on LH estimation.  The urine test was then compared with LH levels in serum as determined by radioimmunoassay.  Changes in LH secretion by the urine tests paralleled LH changes in the cycle as determined by serum LH radioimmunoassay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026033"}
{"pmid": "1026034", "title": "Experimental induction of chorionepithelioma in pregnant rats.", "content": "Experimental induction of chorionepithelioma in pregnant rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026034"}
{"pmid": "1026032", "title": "Early detection of pregnancy around the first missed menstrual period by 2 hour haemagglutination test.", "content": "Early detection of pregnancy around the first missed menstrual period by 2 hour haemagglutination test. A very early hemagglutination test which has the sensitivity of 5-6 IU eq of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) per liter is discussed.  It requires only 2 hours.  Concomitant follicle stimulating hormone has little effect on the estimated HCG.  Urine from 56 women was used with only simple filtration.  19 of these women became pregnant during the study period.  HCG/luteinizing hormone was quantitatively analyzed with Higonavis.  The excretion of HCG in the urine began to increase from the 12th day of the high temperature phase in pregnant women and then increased very rapidly.  Therefore, pregnancy can be assumed by the rapid increase before the 1st menstrual period.  At this time an increased risk of early abortion can be treated, or an unnecessary menstrual regulation procedure can be avoided by use of this test.  Performance of abortion is safer when done early.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026032"}
{"pmid": "1026035", "title": "Studies on histogenesis of experimentally induced chorioepithelioma in rats.", "content": "Studies on histogenesis of experimentally induced chorioepithelioma in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026035"}
{"pmid": "1026038", "title": "Effects of progesterone on the growth kinetics and the morphology of a human endometrial cancer cell-line.", "content": "Effects of progesterone on the growth kinetics and the morphology of a human endometrial cancer cell-line.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026038"}
{"pmid": "1026040", "title": "Adjuvant hormone therapy to radiation treatment for cervical cancer.", "content": "Adjuvant hormone therapy to radiation treatment for cervical cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026040"}
{"pmid": "1026043", "title": "Statistical analysis of birth-weight and postnatal growth.", "content": "Statistical analysis of birth-weight and postnatal growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026043"}
{"pmid": "1026045", "title": "Reinvestigation of crucial cases where first diagnosis by mailing smear test disagrees with second diagnosis by cytology and/or biopsy.", "content": "Reinvestigation of crucial cases where first diagnosis by mailing smear test disagrees with second diagnosis by cytology and/or biopsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026045"}
{"pmid": "1026041", "title": "Induction of SFD by microspheres blocking of placenta in rats and its influence on utero-placental blood flow.", "content": "Induction of SFD by microspheres blocking of placenta in rats and its influence on utero-placental blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026041"}
{"pmid": "1026039", "title": "Observation of rapid migration of trophoblastic cells from human chorionic villi cultured on fixed gelatin film.", "content": "Observation of rapid migration of trophoblastic cells from human chorionic villi cultured on fixed gelatin film.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026039"}
{"pmid": "1026036", "title": "Influence of androgen on endometrial monoamine oxidase activity of rats.", "content": "Influence of androgen on endometrial monoamine oxidase activity of rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026036"}
{"pmid": "1026044", "title": "Single umbilical artery --a review of 37 cases--.", "content": "Single umbilical artery --a review of 37 cases--.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026044"}
{"pmid": "1026042", "title": "A study on contraceptive use. Effectiveness of the 75 mcg. ethinyl estradiol sequential therapy.", "content": "A study on contraceptive use. Effectiveness of the 75 mcg. ethinyl estradiol sequential therapy. The contraceptive effectiveness of a sequential oral contraceptive (OC) regimen was evaluated in 160 women over a total of 2031 cycles.  The regimen consisted of 75 mcg/day ethinyl estradiol (EE) for 15 days, followed by 75 mcg/day EE plus 1.7 mg/day chlormadinone acetate for 5 days.  Treatment was initiated on the 5th day of each menstrual cycle.  3 pregnancies occurred during the course of the study.  1 of these was attributable to failure to follow the treatment schedule correctly.  Only 1 pregnancy was directly attributable to product failure.  The overall pregnancy rate was 1.8, which is comparable to that for the regimen involving 100 mcg/day EE.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026042"}
{"pmid": "1026037", "title": "Observations of guinea pig syncytiotrophoblast cultured in vitro.", "content": "Observations of guinea pig syncytiotrophoblast cultured in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026037"}
{"pmid": "1026046", "title": "An ultrastructural study of collagen degradation in human involuting uterus.", "content": "An ultrastructural study of collagen degradation in human involuting uterus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026046"}
{"pmid": "1026047", "title": "Studies of Toxoplasma antibody IGG and 19S IGM by the method of sephadex plate gel filtration.", "content": "Studies of Toxoplasma antibody IGG and 19S IGM by the method of sephadex plate gel filtration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026047"}
{"pmid": "1026048", "title": "A kinetic study of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. A glucose turn over following one shot intravenous injection.", "content": "A kinetic study of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. A glucose turn over following one shot intravenous injection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026048"}
{"pmid": "1026051", "title": "A case of gonadoblastoma.", "content": "A case of gonadoblastoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026051"}
{"pmid": "1026049", "title": "Accelerating method for prepared condition of delivery.", "content": "Accelerating method for prepared condition of delivery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026049"}
{"pmid": "1026052", "title": "Studies on the formation of experimental small for date (SFD) induced with actinomycin D in pregnant rat.", "content": "Studies on the formation of experimental small for date (SFD) induced with actinomycin D in pregnant rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026052"}
{"pmid": "1026053", "title": "Studies on the placental functions of experimental SFD in rats.", "content": "Studies on the placental functions of experimental SFD in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026053"}
{"pmid": "1026054", "title": "Utero-placental blood flow in several abnormal pregnancies of rats studied with the microspheres method.", "content": "Utero-placental blood flow in several abnormal pregnancies of rats studied with the microspheres method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026054"}
{"pmid": "1026050", "title": "Steroid hormone formation in vitro by human ovarian follicles with different structures.", "content": "Steroid hormone formation in vitro by human ovarian follicles with different structures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026050"}
{"pmid": "1026058", "title": "Effect of the interferon inducer tilorone in inbred CBA mice.", "content": "Effect of the interferon inducer tilorone in inbred CBA mice. Tilorone hydrochloride (200 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to inbred CBA mice. After 5, 18 and 48 hr the number of circulating leucocytes and peritoneal cells as well as the migration of unstimulated peritoneal cells, the blood corticosteroid level and interferon production were investigated. In spite of the considerable decrease of the number of mononuclear cells in the blood and polynuclear ones in the peritoneal exudate, the drug induced production of circulating interferon and stimulated its synthesis by peritoneal cells. The blood corticosteroid level and the mast cell count in the peritoneal cavity were significantly elevated, but the migration of peritoneal cells in antigen-free medium decreased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026058"}
{"pmid": "1026059", "title": "Taxonomy of primycin producing actinomycetes. I. Description of the type strain of thermomonospora galeriensis.", "content": "Taxonomy of primycin producing actinomycetes. I. Description of the type strain of thermomonospora galeriensis. Strain FBUA 1274 (=strain 28/650707, Hungarian National Collection of Medical Bacteria, National Institute of Public Health, Budapest) is designated the type strain of Thermonospora galeriensis (Vályi-Nagy et al.) comb. nov., and the morphological characteristics of this strain are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026059"}
{"pmid": "1026056", "title": "Drugs in the dynamic model on schizophrenia. A literature review.", "content": "Drugs in the dynamic model on schizophrenia. A literature review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026056"}
{"pmid": "1026055", "title": "A multidimensional model of schizophrenia.", "content": "A multidimensional model of schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026055"}
{"pmid": "1026081", "title": "Practicum-internship. I: Development, implementation and student participation.", "content": "Practicum-internship. I: Development, implementation and student participation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026081"}
{"pmid": "1026080", "title": "Hospital cost inflation and physician payment.", "content": "Hospital cost inflation and physician payment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026080"}
{"pmid": "1026082", "title": "Practicum-internship. II: Interim evaluations.", "content": "Practicum-internship. II: Interim evaluations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026082"}
{"pmid": "1026083", "title": "Pharmacy internship in Minnesota: outgrowth of an extensive evaluation program.", "content": "Pharmacy internship in Minnesota: outgrowth of an extensive evaluation program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026083"}
{"pmid": "1026085", "title": "The incorporation of basic life-support training in the pharmacy curriculum.", "content": "The incorporation of basic life-support training in the pharmacy curriculum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026085"}
{"pmid": "1026084", "title": "Improving the quality of the pharmacist as a drug advisor to patients and physicians through continuing education.", "content": "Improving the quality of the pharmacist as a drug advisor to patients and physicians through continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026084"}
{"pmid": "1026086", "title": "A self-instructional law course--teaching by learning objectives.", "content": "A self-instructional law course--teaching by learning objectives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026086"}
{"pmid": "1026087", "title": "Pharmacy education in an Area Health Education System.", "content": "Pharmacy education in an Area Health Education System.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026087"}
{"pmid": "1026088", "title": "The interface of public administration and pharmacy administration.", "content": "The interface of public administration and pharmacy administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026088"}
{"pmid": "1026089", "title": "Monitoring patient drug profiles and the legal liability of the pharmacist.", "content": "Monitoring patient drug profiles and the legal liability of the pharmacist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026089"}
{"pmid": "1026090", "title": "Issue identification approach to pharmacy education planning. I: overview of some major issues.", "content": "Issue identification approach to pharmacy education planning. I: overview of some major issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026090"}
{"pmid": "1026093", "title": "Square drawing test. Anew quantitative ataxia test.", "content": "Square drawing test. Anew quantitative ataxia test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026093"}
{"pmid": "1026096", "title": "Some results of the application of the stabilograph in the orthopaedic clinic. A preliminary report.", "content": "Some results of the application of the stabilograph in the orthopaedic clinic. A preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026096"}
{"pmid": "1026095", "title": "Electrogravitiograph of crippled children.", "content": "Electrogravitiograph of crippled children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026095"}
{"pmid": "1026094", "title": "Stabilography as a diagnostic tool in child neurology.", "content": "Stabilography as a diagnostic tool in child neurology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026094"}
{"pmid": "1026097", "title": "Equilibrial approach to scoliotic posture.", "content": "Equilibrial approach to scoliotic posture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026097"}
{"pmid": "1026098", "title": "System of human equilibrium control.", "content": "System of human equilibrium control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026098"}
{"pmid": "1026100", "title": "Action of liver on the in vitro brain cortex resporatory process. A neurometabolic hepatic factor.", "content": "Action of liver on the in vitro brain cortex resporatory process. A neurometabolic hepatic factor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026100"}
{"pmid": "1026102", "title": "Further investigations on the function of juxtamedullary nephrons in conscious rats.", "content": "Further investigations on the function of juxtamedullary nephrons in conscious rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026102"}
{"pmid": "1026091", "title": "Physician-pharmacist and medical malpractice.", "content": "Physician-pharmacist and medical malpractice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026091"}
{"pmid": "1026092", "title": "Pharmacist-patient communication: its effect on pharmacy's image.", "content": "Pharmacist-patient communication: its effect on pharmacy's image.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026092"}
{"pmid": "1026128", "title": "Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of Biomphalaria glabrata (Say , 1818) (Mollusca: Pulmonata). Characterization and inheritance pattern.", "content": "Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of Biomphalaria glabrata (Say , 1818) (Mollusca: Pulmonata). Characterization and inheritance pattern. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of Biomphalaria glabrata has been characterized by electrophoresis, kinetic properties and inheritance pattern. It exists as a single electrophoretic band with no polymorphism in the natural population studied during the present investigations. There are no organ-specific differences in electrophoretic pattern. The enzyme from the homogenates of various organs e.g., albumen gland, digestive gland, ovotestis and columellar muscle show similar physico-chemical parameters, such as optima for pH, NADP and glucose-6-phosphate. Incorporation of NADP is essential for maintaining the stability of the enzyme, failing which, there appear artifactual variations in electrophoretic mobility of the enzyme. The apparent lack of polymorphism in natural population of Biomphalaria glabrata has been discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026128"}
{"pmid": "1026141", "title": "Hygiene standard for impulse noise from the Committee on Hygiene Standards of the British Occupational Hygiene Society.", "content": "Hygiene standard for impulse noise from the Committee on Hygiene Standards of the British Occupational Hygiene Society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026141"}
{"pmid": "1026142", "title": "Calculated in-ear A-weighted sound levels resulting from two methods of hearing protector selection.", "content": "Calculated in-ear A-weighted sound levels resulting from two methods of hearing protector selection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026142"}
{"pmid": "1026143", "title": "Characterization of respirator adsorbent filters by means of penetration curve parameters.", "content": "Characterization of respirator adsorbent filters by means of penetration curve parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026143"}
{"pmid": "1026144", "title": "An international comparison of counts of airborne asbestos fibres sampled on membrane filters.", "content": "An international comparison of counts of airborne asbestos fibres sampled on membrane filters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026144"}
{"pmid": "1026147", "title": "Evaluation of natural wet bulb and wet globe thermometers.", "content": "Evaluation of natural wet bulb and wet globe thermometers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026147"}
{"pmid": "1026145", "title": "Particle size distribution and human respiratory deposition of trace metals in indoor work environments.", "content": "Particle size distribution and human respiratory deposition of trace metals in indoor work environments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026145"}
{"pmid": "1026146", "title": "An investigation of lead workers for subclinical effects of lead using three performance tests.", "content": "An investigation of lead workers for subclinical effects of lead using three performance tests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026146"}
{"pmid": "1026148", "title": "A comparison of reactions to industrial protective clothing.", "content": "A comparison of reactions to industrial protective clothing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026148"}
{"pmid": "1026149", "title": "Toxicity of combustion products with particular reference to polyurethane.", "content": "Toxicity of combustion products with particular reference to polyurethane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026149"}
{"pmid": "1026150", "title": "Short-term exposure limits.", "content": "Short-term exposure limits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026150"}
{"pmid": "1026152", "title": "Monitoring local exhaust ventilation systems.", "content": "Monitoring local exhaust ventilation systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026152"}
{"pmid": "1026151", "title": "Preventing emissions from manufacturing processes by suitable process design.", "content": "Preventing emissions from manufacturing processes by suitable process design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026151"}
{"pmid": "1026153", "title": "Controlling vapours from open surface vessels.", "content": "Controlling vapours from open surface vessels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026153"}
{"pmid": "1026155", "title": "Organizing the engineering control of toxic substances in air.", "content": "Organizing the engineering control of toxic substances in air.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026155"}
{"pmid": "1026154", "title": "Cleaning exhaust ventilation air.", "content": "Cleaning exhaust ventilation air.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026154"}
{"pmid": "1026158", "title": "Modern concepts of respiratory protection.", "content": "Modern concepts of respiratory protection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026158"}
{"pmid": "1026156", "title": "The measurement of shift average exposures to oxides of nitrogen.", "content": "The measurement of shift average exposures to oxides of nitrogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026156"}
{"pmid": "1026159", "title": "Effect of head band forces and pressure on comfort of ear muffs.", "content": "Effect of head band forces and pressure on comfort of ear muffs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026159"}
{"pmid": "1026160", "title": "The performance of nebuliser and air ejector made from sections of hypodermic needles.", "content": "The performance of nebuliser and air ejector made from sections of hypodermic needles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026160"}
{"pmid": "1026157", "title": "Personal protection--the last resort?", "content": "Personal protection--the last resort?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026157"}
{"pmid": "1026196", "title": "Influence of embryonic and adult testis on the differentiation of embryonic ovary in the mouse.", "content": "Influence of embryonic and adult testis on the differentiation of embryonic ovary in the mouse. The development of 11 1/2-13 1/2-day embryonic mouse ovaries subjected to the influence of adult and embryonic testes was investigated. The environment of adult testis caused severe restriction of ovarian growth, but did not produce any effects which might be considered as masculinization. The presence of embryonic testis was distinctly unfavourable to the embryonic ovary, resulting in restriction of the growth of the latter and degeneration of oocytes. Reversal of the course of differentiation of genetically female germ cells has never been observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026196"}
{"pmid": "1026199", "title": "The replacement of serum by hormones in cell culture media.", "content": "The replacement of serum by hormones in cell culture media. The replacement of serum by hormones in cell culture media. (Reemplazo del suero por hormonas en el medio de cultivo de células). Arch. Biol. Med. Exper. 10: 120-121, 1976. The serum used in cell culture media can be replaced by a mixture of hormones and some accesory blood factors. The pituitary cell line GH3 can be grown in a medium in which serum is replaced by triiodothyronine, transferrin, parathormone, tyrotrophin releasing hormone and somatomedins. Hela and BHK cell strains can also be grown in serum free medium supplemented with hormones. Each cell type appears to have different hormonal requirements yet it may found that some hormones are required for most cell types.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026199"}
{"pmid": "1026215", "title": "Intercountry coordination in the development of manpower.", "content": "Intercountry coordination in the development of manpower.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026215"}
{"pmid": "1026200", "title": "Cell membrane and cell junctions in differentiation of preimplanted mouse embryos.", "content": "Cell membrane and cell junctions in differentiation of preimplanted mouse embryos. Cell membrane and cell junctions in differentiation of preimplanted mouse embryos, (membrana celular y uniones celulares en la diferenciación del embrión de ratón antes de la implantación). Arch. Biol. Med. Exper. 10: 130-134, 1976. The development of cell junctions that seal the peripheral blastomeres could be a decisive step in the differentiation of morulae into blastocysts. The appearance of these junctions is studied by electron microscopy of late morulae and initial blastocysts. Zonulae occludentes as well as impermeability to lanthanum emulsion precedes the appearance of the blastocel and hence might be considered as one of its necessary causes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026200"}
{"pmid": "1026201", "title": "Hormone action on the cell nucleus: effect of erythropoietin and testosterone on bone marrow.", "content": "Hormone action on the cell nucleus: effect of erythropoietin and testosterone on bone marrow. Experiments intended to correlate the biochemical action of erythropoietin and testosterone on marrow cells are presented. Both hormones seem to act at different cytological and biochemical levels. Erythropoietin triggers the erythropoietic phenomenon acting on the Erythropoietin-Sensitive Cells. Inducing the synthesis of a large size RNA, (85S) which after a ribonuclease-dependent processing mechanism generates the informational RNA (9S) required for hemoglobin synthesis. Testosterone acts directly on bone marrow (probably at the level of polychromatophylic erythroblasts) enhancing the synthesis of ribosomal RNA or its precursors and stimulates a nuclear ribonuclease which might represent a control mechanism on the processing of high molecular weight RNAs. It is postulated that erythropoietin and testosterone act synergistically to create the biochemical machinery for hemoglobin synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026201"}
{"pmid": "1026231", "title": "Appearance of morphologically aberrant cells of Micrococcus lysodeikticus (luteus) in medium with papain.", "content": "Appearance of morphologically aberrant cells of Micrococcus lysodeikticus (luteus) in medium with papain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026231"}
{"pmid": "1026232", "title": "The psychological and social effect of design.", "content": "The psychological and social effect of design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026232"}
{"pmid": "1026234", "title": "Complexity and order of the human circadian system.", "content": "Complexity and order of the human circadian system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026234"}
{"pmid": "1026235", "title": "Intracellular potentials of cortical neurons and surface activity: I) During epileptogenic discharges induced by pentylenetetrazole in rats.", "content": "Intracellular potentials of cortical neurons and surface activity: I) During epileptogenic discharges induced by pentylenetetrazole in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026235"}
{"pmid": "1026236", "title": "Intracellular potentials of cortical neurons and surface activity: II) During epileptogenic discharges induced by strychnine in the rat.", "content": "Intracellular potentials of cortical neurons and surface activity: II) During epileptogenic discharges induced by strychnine in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026236"}
{"pmid": "1026250", "title": "Salt discriminating properties in single tarsal hairs of Phormia regina M.", "content": "Salt discriminating properties in single tarsal hairs of Phormia regina M.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026250"}
{"pmid": "1026233", "title": "USA--women health workers.", "content": "USA--women health workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026233"}
{"pmid": "1026268", "title": "The audio cassette library: a new credibility gap?", "content": "The audio cassette library: a new credibility gap?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026268"}
{"pmid": "1026269", "title": "The medical curriculum: making a production of it.", "content": "The medical curriculum: making a production of it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026269"}
{"pmid": "1026271", "title": "Medical instant photography: tips on picture quality.", "content": "Medical instant photography: tips on picture quality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026271"}
{"pmid": "1026272", "title": "Medical instant photography: photomicrography & Polacolor 2.", "content": "Medical instant photography: photomicrography & Polacolor 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026272"}
{"pmid": "1026270", "title": "Medical instant photography: the diagnostic picture.", "content": "Medical instant photography: the diagnostic picture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026270"}
{"pmid": "1026273", "title": "Medical instant photography: instant aid for a busy biophotographer.", "content": "Medical instant photography: instant aid for a busy biophotographer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026273"}
{"pmid": "1026274", "title": "The free loan philosophy: the rationale behind Pharmaceutical program operations.", "content": "The free loan philosophy: the rationale behind Pharmaceutical program operations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026274"}
{"pmid": "1026275", "title": "Third annual directory of pharmaceutical programs.", "content": "Third annual directory of pharmaceutical programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026275"}
{"pmid": "1026276", "title": "Physicians Radio Network: an alternative to eyestrain.", "content": "Physicians Radio Network: an alternative to eyestrain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026276"}
{"pmid": "1026309", "title": "MIST - what is it?", "content": "MIST - what is it?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026309"}
{"pmid": "1026310", "title": "Health maintenance organizations: an overview. Part I.", "content": "Health maintenance organizations: an overview. Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026310"}
{"pmid": "1026311", "title": "Executive vice president's rounds: Governance by consensus.", "content": "Executive vice president's rounds: Governance by consensus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026311"}
{"pmid": "1026308", "title": "Multi-Media ACP self-learning series set for distribution to subscribers.", "content": "Multi-Media ACP self-learning series set for distribution to subscribers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026308"}
{"pmid": "1026312", "title": "Board of regents statement: recertification and relicensure.", "content": "Board of regents statement: recertification and relicensure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026312"}
{"pmid": "1026313", "title": "Health Maintenance Organizations: part II. Some frequently asked questions.", "content": "Health Maintenance Organizations: part II. Some frequently asked questions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026313"}
{"pmid": "1026314", "title": "Executive vice president's rounds: internal medicine and primary care.", "content": "Executive vice president's rounds: internal medicine and primary care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026314"}
{"pmid": "1026316", "title": "Recertification: has it touched your life?", "content": "Recertification: has it touched your life?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026316"}
{"pmid": "1026317", "title": "Executive vice president's rounds: the College and continuing medical education in South America.", "content": "Executive vice president's rounds: the College and continuing medical education in South America.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026317"}
{"pmid": "1026315", "title": "Oral examinations: pro and con.", "content": "Oral examinations: pro and con.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026315"}
{"pmid": "1026318", "title": "State legislation: its growing regulative domain.", "content": "State legislation: its growing regulative domain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026318"}
{"pmid": "1026319", "title": "ACP Major Hospital Expense Insurance.", "content": "ACP Major Hospital Expense Insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026319"}
{"pmid": "1026326", "title": "Dominance in the visual system.", "content": "Dominance in the visual system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026326"}
{"pmid": "1026322", "title": "Lassa fever (arenaviruses) as a public health problem.", "content": "Lassa fever (arenaviruses) as a public health problem. Two \"new\" virus infections, Marburg and Lassa fever, now constitute diseases of public health importance in several countries of Africa, especially West Africa. Lassa fever has an insidious onset, is initially difficult to diagnose, has \"nonspecific\" clinical symptoms which have been confused with yellow fever and typhoid, shows evidence of persistent infection, is tremendously contagious, has a high mortality rate, and in particular exhibits unusual nosocomial propensity. It has also been shown to be the cause of premature births and spontaneous abortions in pregnant women. The virus is transmitted by the respiratory route and by direct contact with contaminated materials. Persistent complement-fixing antibodies have been demonstrated in patients recovered from the disease. The causative agent, a member of the arenavirus group, is known to be enzootic in rodents, especially Mastomys natalensis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026322"}
{"pmid": "1026324", "title": "A method of elicting pattern specific responses and other electro-physiological signals in human subjects.", "content": "A method of elicting pattern specific responses and other electro-physiological signals in human subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026324"}
{"pmid": "1026323", "title": "Refractive development in strabismic children.", "content": "Refractive development in strabismic children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026323"}
{"pmid": "1026325", "title": "Possible effects of changes in lens pigmentation on the colour balance of an artist's work.", "content": "Possible effects of changes in lens pigmentation on the colour balance of an artist's work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026325"}
{"pmid": "1026328", "title": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on population age-dependent responses to therapy--in vitro.", "content": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on population age-dependent responses to therapy--in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026328"}
{"pmid": "1026327", "title": "Dominance in ocular movements.", "content": "Dominance in ocular movements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026327"}
{"pmid": "1026331", "title": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on population age-dependent responses to therapy--in vivo.", "content": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on population age-dependent responses to therapy--in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026331"}
{"pmid": "1026330", "title": "Computer simulation of leukemia therapy: combined pharmacokinetics, intracellular enzyme kinetics, and cell kinetics of the treatment of L1210 leukemia by cytosine arabinoside.", "content": "Computer simulation of leukemia therapy: combined pharmacokinetics, intracellular enzyme kinetics, and cell kinetics of the treatment of L1210 leukemia by cytosine arabinoside. An integrated mathematic computer-based model of the pharmacokinetics, intracellular enzyme kinetics, and cell kinetics of the treatment of L1210 leukemia by cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) is described. The compartment model of Bischoff and Dedrick is extended to the intracellular level by inclusion of equations describing the phosphorylation, dephosphorylation, and deamination of ara-C with enzymatic feedback control. The activities of kinase, deaminase, and phosphatase are explicitly included in the models and are estimated from relevant data. Cell proliferation is described by a continuous-flow mathematic model in which cellular maturation and cell-to-cell variability in maturation rates are key variables. Cell proliferation is related to intracellular biochemistry through mathematic expressions which relate cell lethality and progression delay to the time course of intracellular ara-CTP. In vitro and in vivo experiments performed in a number of laboratories are compared by simulation. The most sensitive parameters in dose-response and cell-survival simulations are deoxycytidine kinase activity, ara-CTP half-life, renal clearance of ara-C, and cell-kinetic parameters for proliferation and cell killing. Progression delay is vital to the realistic simulation of divided-dose schedules. By comparative simulation we have identified areas of uncertainty which can be classified by a few additional measurements. The applications of simulations combining pharmacokinetic, biochemical, and cell-kinetic data in vitro and in vivo are discussed, exploring consistency among different measurements, and relating experimental protocols to clinical treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026330"}
{"pmid": "1026329", "title": "Age-dependent survival and cell-cycle progression of cultured cells exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs.", "content": "Age-dependent survival and cell-cycle progression of cultured cells exposed to chemotherapeutic drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026329"}
{"pmid": "1026333", "title": "Effects of surgery on the cell kinetics of residual tumor.", "content": "Effects of surgery on the cell kinetics of residual tumor. Noncurative excision of a primary sc Lewis lung tumor performed on Day 7 or later results in an increase in the thymidine index and growth rate with minimal changes in the cell cycle parameters of the lung metastases. The stimulation of the lung nodules is accompanied by a small but consistent decrease in median lifespan. Sham surgery performed on Day 3 or later also results in a decrease in median lifespan and an increase in the thymidine index of the undisturbed primary tumor. Artifical metastases (10(6) cells iv) are inhibited by the presence of a second (sc) implant and the median lifespan of the doubly implanted mice exceeds that of mice bearing iv implants only. In mice bearing widely metastasized Lewis lung carcinoma, surgery alone may have a detrimental effect on life expectancy, but the residual tumor foci, stimulated to more rapid growth, should be appropriate targets for adjuvant chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026333"}
{"pmid": "1026334", "title": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on drug lethality and sublethal damage: cytotoxic damage and repair.", "content": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on drug lethality and sublethal damage: cytotoxic damage and repair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026334"}
{"pmid": "1026337", "title": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on recruitment and synchrony--in vitro.", "content": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on recruitment and synchrony--in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026337"}
{"pmid": "1026336", "title": "In vitro responses of mammalian cells to drug-induced potentially lethal and sublethal damage.", "content": "In vitro responses of mammalian cells to drug-induced potentially lethal and sublethal damage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026336"}
{"pmid": "1026335", "title": "Effects of tumor bearing on the dynamics of host hemopoietic cells.", "content": "Effects of tumor bearing on the dynamics of host hemopoietic cells. Hemopoietic status of the host is an important consideration in any cancer chemotherapy protocol. This paper examines several aspects of the response of the host lymphomyeloid system to tumors transplanted elsewhere: (a) characteristics of host leukocytes migrating into the tumor; (b) leukocyte dynamics in the marrow and the spleen; and (c) dynamics of hemopoietic stem cells. Repeated prelabeling of mice with 3HTdR prior to Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) transplantation indicated a large-scale, selective migration and/or retention of newly formed lymphocytes and monocytes within the tumor. Similar observations were also made in sc transplants of strain-specific TA-3(St) tumor. Bone marrow was found to be a major source of these mononuclear cells since their accumulation was suppressed by a prior irradiation of host marrow. Labeling with 125I-antimouse IgM, with or without prior incubation of cells with anti-theta serum, revealed that, within the 7-day-old EAT, about a third of the small lymphocytes were maturing B cells having readily detectable surface IgM, about a third were T cells expressing theta antigen, and the rest had neither marker, possible including very immature B cells. A high incidence of last cell category was also found in subcutaneous TA-3(St) tumors. Ip transplantation of 10(6) EAT cells into CBA/HT6 or TA-3(St) cells into A/J mice caused a transient decline in femoral marrow leukocyte level (affecting lymphocytes most) followed by a recovery and an overshoot. In contrast, there was a steady rise in splenic weight or cellularity mostly accountable for by lymphocytes. This was partly due to local lymphoid proliferation and partly due to extraneous migration. Parabiosis of CBA with T6 chromosome-bearing CBA/HT6 mice revealed that a large proportion of cells dividing in the spleen of the CBA host after tumor transplantation had migrated recently from blood. Using partial marrow chimeras (repopulated with T6 chromosome-bearing marrow cells), bone marrow was identified as their major source. Furthermore, host spleens showed an increased incidence of small lymphocytes bearing no detectable surface-IgM nor theta antigen (possibly inclusive of immature B cells), and a low incidence of T cells. Tumor transplantation produced a rapid and substantial decline in the pleuripotent stem cell (CFU-S) content of the femoral marrow followed by a recovery. The converse was true for the CFU content of the spleen, and in addition, there was an initial rise in the blood CFU level, suggesting an early CFU traffic from marrow to spleen. A qualitatively similar pattern was also noted for stem cells committed to granulocyte or macrophage development as evaluated from in vitro colony assays. An early rise in splenic CFU level was also elicited by injecting sonicated tumor cells or their plasma membrane fractions, thus possibly indicating an antigen-driven effect. A high level of colony-stimulating activity (for in vitro colony growth) was found in the tumor fluid...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026335"}
{"pmid": "1026338", "title": "Evidence for recruitment and synchronization in leukemia and solid tumors.", "content": "Evidence for recruitment and synchronization in leukemia and solid tumors. In malignant cell populations which are sensitive to drug therapy it does not seem necessary to potentiate treatment with perturbation of the proliferative characteristics. However, in some relatively drug-resistant populations significant advantages can be obtained by recruiting resting cells into the drug-sensitive cell cycle. Further studies of growth-regulatory mechanisms for malignant cell populations may help a great deal in designing better methods of recruiting the resting cells back into active cell division. Synchronization of the dividing cells in a specificially drug-sensitive phase of the cell cycle is another method of potentiating chemotherapeutic effectiveness in relatively drug-resistant cell populations. The biochemical changes induced by sequential drug administration may be equally important in sensitizing the malignant cell to subsequent drug administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026338"}
{"pmid": "1026339", "title": "Synchronization with phase-specific agents in leukemia and correlation with clinical response to chemotherapy.", "content": "Synchronization with phase-specific agents in leukemia and correlation with clinical response to chemotherapy. Mitotic indices, labeling indices (LI), and tritiated thymidine incorporation into DNA of marrow cells were conducted in patients with leukemia to determine if correlations existed between kinetic measurements, clinical features, and response to chemotherapy. Higher proliferative activity was observed in chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and blastic phase of CGL than in acute leukemia. In acute myelogenous leukemia there was no correlation with various clinical features studied. Those patients demonstrating greater than 60% reduction in circulating leukemia cells within 7 days had a higher initial LI than those with less than 60% reduction. Cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, and hydroxyurea were investigated to determine their synchronizing capability; cytosine arabinoside and methotrexate were superior to hydroxyurea. In a cycle-sensitive schedule specifically designed to synchronize cells, responses occurred more frequently in patients who increased thier LI 48 hours after priming doses of cytosine arabinoside. In an intensive-chemotherapy schedule which produced more remissions than the cycle-sensitive schedule, there was no relationship between initial kinetic measurements and response. Kinetic values increased as patients achieved remissions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026339"}
{"pmid": "1026332", "title": "Size dependence of the response of Lewis lung tumors to BCNU.", "content": "Size dependence of the response of Lewis lung tumors to BCNU. The survival of Lewis lung tumor cells has been studied after a single ip dose of BCNU. In dissectible subcutaneous and intramuscular tumors and artificial lung metastases survival was measured by colony formation in soft agar and in vivo in the lung. The long-term control of small lung nodules by single doses of BCNU was studied and cell-survival estimates were inferred. The results demonstrate that the cytotoxic action of BCNU shows a strong dependence upon tumor size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026332"}
{"pmid": "1026341", "title": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on status of human tumor cell kinetics.", "content": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on status of human tumor cell kinetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026341"}
{"pmid": "1026340", "title": "Resting cells in L1210 and JB-1 ascites tumors with special emphasis on recycling.", "content": "Resting cells in L1210 and JB-1 ascites tumors with special emphasis on recycling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026340"}
{"pmid": "1026344", "title": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on drug scheduling--experimental studies.", "content": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on drug scheduling--experimental studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026344"}
{"pmid": "1026342", "title": "Role of radioautographic studies in clinical investigative oncology and chemotherapy.", "content": "Role of radioautographic studies in clinical investigative oncology and chemotherapy. Three clinical areas are identified in which radioautographic studies may be of practical usefulness. First, human tumors can be classified according to the predominant pattern of DNA synthesis in the slowly proliferating cell fraction. This classification scheme groups carcinoma of the breast and ovary together, melanoma and carcinoma of the lung together, and places acute adult leukemia in a separate class. If there are correlations between kinetic characteristics and drug response behavior, this classification scheme may simplify the clinical study of new drugs and drug combinations. Second, changes in the labeling index (LI) and/or cell labeling intensity may serve as useful guides in drug scheduling. There are circumstances where changes in cell labeling intensity may be more reliable than changes in the LI. Third, cell morphology, population kinetics, and clinical course may all be correlated in certain human tumors, particularly the lymphomas. Supporting evidence in Sézary's syndrome is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026342"}
{"pmid": "1026343", "title": "Comparison of cell proliferation kinetics in human and experimental tumors: response to irradiation.", "content": "Comparison of cell proliferation kinetics in human and experimental tumors: response to irradiation. Available data on the parameters of cell kinetics in human solid tumors were reviewed. The mean duration of the cell cycle is 2 days; for G1 it is 1 day, for S it is 18 hours, and for G2 it is 6 hours. G1 has the greatest variability from tumor to tumor. The cell cycle and its phases are shorter in animal tumors but the relative durations and variabilities are similar. The labeling index (LI) and the growth fraction vary widely among human tumors, but they are correlated with the histologic type of the tumor. There is a correlation between the mean doubling time and the mean LI of the various histologic types of tumors. Cell loss is considerable in all human tumors, but it is more important in tumors with a high LI. Metastases and recurrence appear to have shorter doubling and cell cycle times than the primary tumor. There seems to be in patients with metastases a correlation between the survival and the growth rate of the metastases. There does not seem to be any correlation between the LI and the probability of dissemination. The depression of LI after irradiation is more important in human tumors than in experimental tumors and varies widely among human tumors. After irradiation, the depopulation seems more important in tumors with a high LI. The histologic groups of tumors with a high mean LI are on the average more radiosensitive and more sensitive to drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026343"}
{"pmid": "1026345", "title": "Mathematic models of cell synchrony and drug scheduling.", "content": "Mathematic models of cell synchrony and drug scheduling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026345"}
{"pmid": "1026346", "title": "Rapid methods for utilizing cell kintics for treatment in the C3H/He spontaneous mammary tumor: effects of vincristine.", "content": "Rapid methods for utilizing cell kintics for treatment in the C3H/He spontaneous mammary tumor: effects of vincristine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026346"}
{"pmid": "1026347", "title": "Combined effect of cytosine arabinoside and thiopurines.", "content": "Combined effect of cytosine arabinoside and thiopurines. Dose and time survival for leukemic colony-forming units (LCFU) and normal hematopoietic colony-forming units (NCFU) were obtained after the administration of either 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) or 6-thioguanine (TG). Survival decreased to a plateau level with increasing doses as expected with phase-specific agents. Time survival curves demonstrated increased killing of LCFU after administration of 2 mg of 6-MP/mouse or 0.1 mg of TG/mouse reaching a minimum by 3-8 hours with repopulation therafter. Cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) (1 mg/mouse) was combined with each agent, and the effects of sequence and interval were examined in terms of LCFU and NCFU survival. When Ara-C and either thiopurine were administered together, fractional survival was less than additive. However, as the interval was increased for either sequence and for both combinations, survival decreased to synergistic levels. Variation in dose of Ara-C and TG showed an inhibitory effect to be dependent upon the Ara-C dose. A correlation between results from the colony assay for for LCFU and survival of treated tumor-bearing mice was demonstrated for Ara-C plus TG. The results of these experiments are interpreted in terms of the proliferation kinetics of L1210 and the cellular effects of the agents; their clinical implications are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026347"}
{"pmid": "1026349", "title": "Kinetic aids to proper chemotherapeutic scheduling: labeled nucleoside incorporation studies in vivo.", "content": "Kinetic aids to proper chemotherapeutic scheduling: labeled nucleoside incorporation studies in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026349"}
{"pmid": "1026350", "title": "Investigations on pharmacologic induction of partial synchronization of tumor cell proliferation: its relevance for cytostatic therapy.", "content": "Investigations on pharmacologic induction of partial synchronization of tumor cell proliferation: its relevance for cytostatic therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026350"}
{"pmid": "1026357", "title": "Comprehensive view of the creative process in psychopathological art. Behavioral aspects in the art room.", "content": "Comprehensive view of the creative process in psychopathological art. Behavioral aspects in the art room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026357"}
{"pmid": "1026360", "title": "Special technics in renovascular surgery.", "content": "Special technics in renovascular surgery. Apart from the critical selection of patients, surgical results in renovascular surgery depend mainly on technical problems. To overcome most frequent technical handicaps, such as a deep abdominal cavity, intervening structures, additional distal stenoses and limited ischemic tolerance time, several technical principles may be recommended. An anterior transperitoneal approach usually ensures an optimal exposure. The 'one-field repair' and the 'partial ex situ repair', include the advantage of excellent exposure and a superficial operating field. Particularly in cases of renal artery stenosis of the fibromuscular type, the routinely performed distal 'run-off control' by mechanical dilatation of the arterial branches, allows a high degree security. As in other fields of surgery, renovascular interventions should be directed to the principle of technical simplicity. Following this surgical concept there is only limited indication for the use of 'total ex situ repair' with heterotopic kidney replantation. We feel that this major time-consuming procedure has only a very small place in renovascular surgery, but a very real place in the correction of intrarenal lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026360"}
{"pmid": "1026361", "title": "Results of medical and surgical treatment in renovascular hypertension. Long-term results and choice of antihypertensive drugs.", "content": "Results of medical and surgical treatment in renovascular hypertension. Long-term results and choice of antihypertensive drugs. 107 patients have been operated upon for atherosclerotic or fibromuscular renal artery stenosis from January 1, 1962 through December 31, 1973. At the time of last follow-up, or at 1 year 67% of patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, and 79% of patients with fibromuscular renal artery disease were considered to be improved. More recently 50 patients have been treated by surgery (24 patients) or with antihypertensive drugs. 70% (17 of 24) surgically treated patients and 61% (16 of 26) medically treated patients were improved after an average of approximately 1.5 years follow-up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026361"}
{"pmid": "1026359", "title": "Cooperatives study of renovascular hypertension. Clinical characteristics, diagnostic tests and results of surgery.", "content": "Cooperatives study of renovascular hypertension. Clinical characteristics, diagnostic tests and results of surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026359"}
{"pmid": "1026362", "title": "The kidney after removal of one renal artery stenosis in the rat.", "content": "The kidney after removal of one renal artery stenosis in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026362"}
{"pmid": "1026348", "title": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on drug scheduling--clinical studies.", "content": "Proceedings of the Symposium on Cell Kinetics and Cancer Chemotherapy (Annapolis, Maryland, November 4-6, 1975): Introduction to session on drug scheduling--clinical studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026348"}
{"pmid": "1026364", "title": "Renin, renin substrate and angiotensin II concentration in renal venous blood.", "content": "Renin, renin substrate and angiotensin II concentration in renal venous blood. In 22 hypertensive patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis (RAS) and in 8 patients with unilateral or bilateral renal or renal arterial disease, plasma renin activity (PRA), renin substrate (PRS), and angiotensin II (AT II) concentrations were measured in both renal veins and in a peripheral vein 1-2 h after stimulation of renin secretion by injection of frusemide. In patients with elevated PRA in venous blood from a kidney with RAS, AT II was either also elevated, lower than or equal to PRA in peripheral blood, while the contralateral kidney almost invariably extracted AT II. In the 8 patients with variable renal diseases, the concordance between PRA and AT II measurements was better. Results suggest that AT II measurements in renal venous blood are less useful in assessing the functional significance of a RAS than those of PRA. Since PRS is not different in venous plasma of the diseased and the normal kidney, PRA measurements can be regarded as proportional to plasma renin concentration in this condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026364"}
{"pmid": "1026366", "title": "Pathophysiological concepts of renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Pathophysiological concepts of renovascular hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026366"}
{"pmid": "1026365", "title": "Special patterns of renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Special patterns of renovascular hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026365"}
{"pmid": "1026363", "title": "Renovascular hypertension in children.", "content": "Renovascular hypertension in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026363"}
{"pmid": "1026368", "title": "Renin activity, renin secretion rate and renal hemodynamics as functional tests renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Renin activity, renin secretion rate and renal hemodynamics as functional tests renovascular hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026368"}
{"pmid": "1026369", "title": "Measurement of plasma renin concentration and angiotensin II in peripheral and renal venous plasma in the management of renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Measurement of plasma renin concentration and angiotensin II in peripheral and renal venous plasma in the management of renovascular hypertension. Athough in general, measurement of renal vein renin appears to give a good prediction as to the subsequent response to surgery, its main value lies in its ability to reflect changes in renal plasma flow; true changes in renin secretion rate being much more difficult to detect. Although it is a little early to say how much information can be derived from saralasin infusions, caution must be exercised in necessarily assuming that the test accurately reflects subsequent surgical response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026369"}
{"pmid": "1026370", "title": "Saralasin (1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II): pharmacology and clinical use in angiotensin-dependent hypertension.", "content": "Saralasin (1-sar-8-ala-angiotensin II): pharmacology and clinical use in angiotensin-dependent hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026370"}
{"pmid": "1026371", "title": "Angiographic aspects of renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Angiographic aspects of renovascular hypertension. Angiography is the most important diagnostic procedure for evaluation of renovascular hypertension. Technique and limits of this method as well as possible ways of improving its diagnostic value are discussed. The pathogenetic significance of a renal artery stenosis in hypertension and the prognosis for a vascular surgical intervention is discussed in the light of bilateral renin determination and the 138 Xe method of measuring intrarenal hemodynamics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026371"}
{"pmid": "1026372", "title": "Pathology of renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Pathology of renovascular hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026372"}
{"pmid": "1026373", "title": "Extracorporeal renal surgery for renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Extracorporeal renal surgery for renovascular hypertension. Nine cases of renovascular hypertension caused either by lesions in the distal part of the renal artery or by proximal renal atery stenosis where local reconstruction was considered dangerous were treated by extracorporeal reconstructive surgery and autotransplantation. The kidney were removed, cooled and preserved by simple hypothermia during workbench reconstruction on a separate side table. After reconstruction the kidneys were reimplanted to the groin. One kidney was lost due to infection and bleeding. All patients were preoperatively severely hypertensive. Blood pressure was normalized in all cases but one with a homotransplanted kidney which also was undergoing chronic rejection. The method is simple and safe and offers new possibilities to treat lesions in the kidney which previously were impossible or very risky to treat surgically. It is a safe alternative to conventional methods in case of anatomical structures making local reconstruction difficult.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026373"}
{"pmid": "1026374", "title": "Active infective endocarditis: a clinicopathologic analysis of 137 necropsy patients.", "content": "Active infective endocarditis: a clinicopathologic analysis of 137 necropsy patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026374"}
{"pmid": "1026367", "title": "Relevant diagnostic procedures in renovascular hypertension.", "content": "Relevant diagnostic procedures in renovascular hypertension. The validity of invasive preoperative diagnostic procedures in patients with unilateral renovascular hypertension was assessed. A significant lowering of blood pressure following reconstructive surgery can be predicted if following stimulation with Dihydralazine the renal-venous renin ratio of the involved to the noninvolved kidney is at least 2.0. Furthermore, it is of importance to determine the renal perfusion rate in the contralateral non-stenotic kidney which should be within normal limits. If these two criteria are met then in the majority of cases surgical intervention in unilateral hypertension is meaningful.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026367"}
{"pmid": "1026375", "title": "Polyploidization in rat liver: the role of binucleate cells.", "content": "Polyploidization in rat liver: the role of binucleate cells. Liver cells were isolated from rats undergoing active formation of tetraploid cells and prelabelled in their DNA with 14C thymidine. Autoradiography of the isolated cells showed that binucleate diploid cells, a major component of the parenchymal cell population at this time, are also active in DNA synthesis. These cells probably pass through mitosis and generate mononucleate tetraploid cells, the dominant cell type of mature rat liver, since the frequency of binucleate tetraploid cells is very low at this stage in rat liver development. The biological significance of liver polyploidy is discussed and it is suggested that this lies in enhanced resistance to mutagenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026375"}
{"pmid": "1026376", "title": "Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of rRNA synthesis in human liver cells cultured in presence of L-triiodothyronine.", "content": "Transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of rRNA synthesis in human liver cells cultured in presence of L-triiodothyronine. The synthesis of rRNA in cultured human liver cells grown in the presence of L-triiodothyronine (1.6 x 10(-5)M) was measured by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using a double labelling technique. The rate of accumulation of rRNA in the cytoplasm as well as the turnover of rRNA in ribosomes remained unchanged in comparison to control cells regardless of growth stage or cell population density. L-triiodothyronine, however, induced an increased synthesis of rpreRNA when added in the early growth phase of sparse cultures. This induction was time dependent and occurred temporarily, but it was never followed by a similar accumulation of mature rRNA. Therefore, in this system two control mechanisms counteracting each other were effective: the increased rpreRNA synthesis indicates a transcriptional control, and the wastage of odd rpreRNA, however, a post-transcriptional control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026376"}
{"pmid": "1026377", "title": "Shape changes and reduced calcium level in the surface membrane region of human platelets exposed to manganese in vitro.", "content": "Shape changes and reduced calcium level in the surface membrane region of human platelets exposed to manganese in vitro. The effect of exogenous manganese ions upon human platelets in vitro has been studied. Morphological changes reported include the loss of discoid shape, increase in filopodia and close apposition of platelet surfaces. Electron microscope X-ray microanalysis of thin-sectioned material revealed a significant decrease in the bound calcium levels of the surface membrane as a result of manganese treatment. Analysis of whole platelet homogenates using atomic absorption spectrophotometry indicated that the total internal platelet calcium content had increased significantly. It is suggested that manganese induces the observed changes by displacing calcium from the regulatory system of an actomyosin-like protein complex at the periphery of the platelet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026377"}
{"pmid": "1026382", "title": "Manometric studies during ERCP and endoscopic papillotomy.", "content": "Manometric studies during ERCP and endoscopic papillotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026382"}
{"pmid": "1026383", "title": "An improved flexible cholangioscope.", "content": "An improved flexible cholangioscope.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026383"}
{"pmid": "1026386", "title": "Results of diagnostic pelviscopy in cases of chronic recurrent pelvic disease.", "content": "Results of diagnostic pelviscopy in cases of chronic recurrent pelvic disease. During the last two years we have performed diagnostic pelviscopy in 90 patients suffering from a syndrome of chronic repeated pelvic disease. In 44 patients extragenital endometriosis was diagnosed as the causing factor. In 15 cases we found wide-spread adhesions in the region of the lower pelvis after preceeding laparotomies. Only in 12 patients pelvic-alterations caused by chronic inflammatory processes of the adnexa with peritubal adhesions were discovered. As these results show extragenital endometriosis represents in far more cases as generally believed the cause of gynecological pains. We want to give special emphasis to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026386"}
{"pmid": "1026385", "title": "Technique, indication and evidence of sinuscopy.", "content": "Technique, indication and evidence of sinuscopy. It is reported on experiences made with endoscopy of the maxillary sinus by means of three different angular optics according to Hopkins (0 degree, 30 degrees, 70 degrees). A sinuscopy is indicated in order to obtain an early diagnosis of malignant tumour growth; it is decisive as to an operation of the maxillary sinus to be carried out; it clarifies clinically uncertain maxillary sinus findings. In addition to the usual investigation methods, the sinuscopy allows a direct local diagnosis. Moreover, diagnostic and therapeutic operations may be carried out by means of a biopsy forceps.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026385"}
{"pmid": "1026381", "title": "Color and transmittance of human amniotic membranes.", "content": "Color and transmittance of human amniotic membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026381"}
{"pmid": "1026387", "title": "Removal of foreign bodies from subsegmental bronchi with the fiberbronchoscope.", "content": "Removal of foreign bodies from subsegmental bronchi with the fiberbronchoscope. Though the fiberbronchoscope has been designed for diagnostic purposes, it can be used, as well, for the removal of small foreign bodies from segmental and subsegmental bronchi; In this paper we report two cases in which we successfully removed from subsegmental bronchi a pulp-canal reamer and a melon seed. This fact proves that in some of these cases we can avoid thoracotomies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026387"}
{"pmid": "1026389", "title": "A new self-twisting polypectomy snare.", "content": "A new self-twisting polypectomy snare. In contrast to the hitherto available polypectomy snares the newly designed snare for endoscopic polypectomy offers the following advantages: when the tip of the endoscope is directed towards the polyp the snare turns automatically into a position parallel to the polyp-bearing bowel wall. \"Combusting ulcers\" are avoided, a homogenous circular flow of electric current is guaranteed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026389"}
{"pmid": "1026380", "title": "Colonoscopic perforation: its emergency treatment.", "content": "Colonoscopic perforation: its emergency treatment. One of the accepted complications of colonoscopy is perforation. This is known to occur in greater frequency in patients having undergone previous pelvic or colonic surgery, as well as patients suffering from diverticulosis. A case is presented of colonic perforation during diagnostic examination in an area of adhesions secondary to pelvic surgery. Immediately after the perforation, the patient entered into vascular collapse and respiratory distress, with a distended abdomen. The introduction of a large bore intravenous catheter into the abdominal cavity with the release of the pneumoperitoneum resulted in an instantaneous return of vital signs and the patient subsequently underwent surgery and recovered. It is felt that this method of emergency treatment can be life-saving in a patient perforating during colonoscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026380"}
{"pmid": "1026388", "title": "A new device for endoscopic foreign body extraction.", "content": "A new device for endoscopic foreign body extraction. A yoghurt-spoon with a long handle which could not be removed initially from the stomach during several sessions was finally successfully extracted by a new simple device.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026388"}
{"pmid": "1026391", "title": "Oesophagus bezoar diagnosed and removed endoscopically.", "content": "Oesophagus bezoar diagnosed and removed endoscopically. The authors describe the rare case of bezoar in the oesophagus. Their patient was sent to their Clinics with a diagnosed oesophageal tumor. The exact diagnosis was established by endoscopical examination. The bezoar was removed by endoscope, therefore, an operation was not necessary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026391"}
{"pmid": "1026392", "title": "Double pylorus and esophageal achalasia.", "content": "Double pylorus and esophageal achalasia. 29 cases of double pylorus have been reported so far. It is thought that in 85% of the cases it has been due to a fistulous gastro-duodenal ulcer and the remaining 15% would be of a congenital origin. In the case we have reported the double pylorus is believed to be a congenital anomaly associated with a mega-esophagus of similar etiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026392"}
{"pmid": "1026390", "title": "Transgastroscopic ultrasonography.", "content": "Transgastroscopic ultrasonography. A newly designed ultrasonography probe is presented which can be advanced through the instrumentation channel of an operative endoscope (TGF-Olympus). The A-scan allows the differentiation between solid and cystic masses in the upper abdomen leading to gastric impression. Guided puncture of pancreatic pseudocysts is based on a solid diagnosis and can be performed from the gastric lumen thus avoiding the development of pancreato-cutaneous fistulas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026390"}
{"pmid": "1026397", "title": "Quantitative analysis of styrene monomer in polystyrene and foods including some preliminary studies of the uptake and pharmacodynamics of the monomer in rats.", "content": "Quantitative analysis of styrene monomer in polystyrene and foods including some preliminary studies of the uptake and pharmacodynamics of the monomer in rats. A variety of food containers, drinking cups and cutlery, fabricated from polystyrene (PS) or polystyrene-related plastic, were analyzed for their styrene monomer content. Samples of yogurt, packaged in PS cups, were similarly analyzed and the leaching of styrene monomer from PS containers by some food simulants was also determined. Blood level studies with rats, dosed with styrene monomer by various routes, illustrated uptake phenomena that were dependent on the dose and route of administration and were also affected by the vehicle used to convey the styrene monomer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026397"}
{"pmid": "1026393", "title": "A case of common bile duct ascariasis diagnosed by duodenoscopy.", "content": "A case of common bile duct ascariasis diagnosed by duodenoscopy. A case of common bile duct ascariasis diagnosed by duodenoscopy is presented. At the admission, the patient, cholecystectomized for gallstones 13 years before, had been complaining of epigastric pain associated with post-prandial and nocturnal vomiting. Physical examination showed only slight tenderness in the epigastrium. Laboratory findings were within normal limits, with the exception of a moderate leukocytosis. Intravenous cholangiography showed the lack of visualization of the terminal common bile duct, but the flow of contrast medium was normal. Duodenoscopy, carried out without a specific clinical suspicion, revealed an ascaris lumbricoides inserted in the common bile duct and partially protruding from the papilla Vateri. The patient was treated by piperazine, intravenous fluids, antibiotics and a choleretic compound. After 24 hours an ascaris 33 cm long was excreted in the faeces and the patient became symptom-free. Some pathophysiological, clinical and epidemiological aspects of biliary ascariasis are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026393"}
{"pmid": "1026396", "title": "Measurement of some potentially hazardous materials in the atmosphere of rubber factories.", "content": "Measurement of some potentially hazardous materials in the atmosphere of rubber factories. Two separate topics of work are outlined: methods for the measurement of chlorinated monomers in PVC and polychloroprene, and also methods for the measurement of these materials in factory air. Typical results which have been obtained in supplies of raw materials, in finished products, and in the working atmosphere at manufacturing operations are given. The second topic concerns the measurement of benzo[a]pyrene in the atmosphere of a tire manufacturing plant. This material is present in trace quantities in the mineral oils and carbon blacks used by the industry. The atmospheric concentrations present at various processes in this plant were measured on a daily basis over a period of two years, and the results obtained compared with results taken concurrently from an outside air station. It is shown that no significant quantities of benzo[a]pyrene are produced by tire manufacturing operations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026396"}
{"pmid": "1026394", "title": "Hypogammaglobulinemia with lymphoid nodular hyperplasia of the small bowel: endoscopic diagnosis of one case.", "content": "Hypogammaglobulinemia with lymphoid nodular hyperplasia of the small bowel: endoscopic diagnosis of one case. A 37-year-old man suffering from abdominal pain and diarrhea, was hospitalized because of abdominal discomfort. Gastroduodenal series showed multiple duodenal filling defects. Gastroduodenoscopic examination revealed numerous nodular lesions in the duodenum and biopsy specimen demonstrated nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. The serum immunoelectrophoretic pattern showed a virtual absence of IgA and IgM and a very decreased level of IgG. To our knowledge, it is the first case of hypogammaglobulinaemia with nodular hyperplasia of the small bowel, diagnosed by endoscopy and forceps biopsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026394"}
{"pmid": "1026384", "title": "The endoscopic demonstration of coeliac disease.", "content": "The endoscopic demonstration of coeliac disease. The first part of the duodenum has been studied endoscopically in treated and untreated coeliac patients. Biopsies taken from the duodenal cap during endoscopic examination, show villous atrophy similar to that found in the distal duodenum and jejunum. Using the indigocarmine scattering method, severe atrophy of the mucosal surface can be demonstrated throughout the duodenal cap, in vivo, in untreated coeliac disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026384"}
{"pmid": "1026395", "title": "Proceedings of the WHO-NIEHS conference on potential environmental health hazards from technological developments in rubber and plastics industries. Research Triangle Park, N.C., March 1-3, 1976: Introductory statement.", "content": "Proceedings of the WHO-NIEHS conference on potential environmental health hazards from technological developments in rubber and plastics industries. Research Triangle Park, N.C., March 1-3, 1976: Introductory statement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026395"}
{"pmid": "1026400", "title": "Dose-dependent fate of vinyl chloride and its possible relationship to oncogenicity in rats.", "content": "Dose-dependent fate of vinyl chloride and its possible relationship to oncogenicity in rats. Studies on the fate of 14C-labeled vinyl chloride (VC) following oral administration and inhalation exposure in rats demonstrated that the disposition of VC in the body is a function of the dose. More importantly, from the data available, it appears that a correlation exists between doses of VC which cause tumors and those that saturate metabolic or detoxifying pathways. Additional studies characterized the depression of liver non-protein sulfhydryl content (primarily GSH) with the duration and concentration of exposure to VC. The results of these investigations indicate that statistical projections utilizing data collected from rats exposed to high doses of VC are invalid for predicting the hazard of low level exposure, because such projections violate a priori assumption that the dynamics governing the fate of VC in the body are unaltered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026400"}
{"pmid": "1026398", "title": "Chronic diseases in the rubber industry.", "content": "Chronic diseases in the rubber industry. An overview is presented of epidemiologic studies of chronic diseases in the rubber industry. Analyses of the mortality experience during the period 1964-1972 of workers age 40-64 and retirees age 65-84 of two large rubber and tire manufacturing companies consistently disclosed excesses of deaths attributed to leukemia and lymphosarcoma, and for cancers of the stomach, large intestine, and prostate. The relation of site-specific malignancies to work histories and grouped occupational titles as surrogate measures of work-related exposures to possible carcinogens is described. There was no evidence of company-wide, sizable, consistent excess for the other major chronic diseases causes of death. Although a total cohort deficit in the mortality rate for lung cancer was found, there was a history of increased frequency of exposure to certain work areas among lung cancer decedents. Morbidity studies, including analysis of disability retirements, and ad hoc questionnaire and health testing surveys, disclosed excesses of chronic pulmonary diseases. There was evidence of an interactive effect in the association of work and smoking histories with pulmonary disability retirement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026398"}
{"pmid": "1026378", "title": "Endoscopy in experimental urology using an argon-laser beam.", "content": "Endoscopy in experimental urology using an argon-laser beam. For the first time cystoscopic argon and neodymium-YAG laser irradiation of the bladder wall using a flexible quartz fiber light guide (as described by Nath) was studied morphologically and histologically. It was seen that it is possible to control the depth of tissue removal without the risk of perforation of the bladder wall. Therefore endoscopic surgery of bladder tumors by laser radiation seems to be possible. Hydronephrosis could not be observed even after direct laser irradiation of the orifices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026378"}
{"pmid": "1026399", "title": "Hepatic and extrahepatic metabolism of 14C-styrene oxide.", "content": "Hepatic and extrahepatic metabolism of 14C-styrene oxide. With 8-(14)C-styrene oxide as substrate, specific glutathione S-transferase and epoxide hydrase activities were determined in subcellular fractions of liver, lungs, kidney, and intestinal mucosa from rabbit, rat, and guinea pig. Liver had the highest enzyme activities in each species. Rat and guinea pig had higher glutathione S-transferase activity in both liver and kidney than rabbit. Rat testis also had appreciable glutathione S-transferase activity. The perinatal development of epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferase was followed in liver and several extrahepatic tissues of fetal and neonatal guinea pigs and rabbits. The rates at which enzyme activities reached adult levels in the extrahepatic tissues differed from the liver in both species. Epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferases developed at different rates in each organ, demonstrating that the relative importance of these two detoxifying pathways for styrene oxide may shift before and after birth. The effects of pretreating male and female rats with phenobarbital (PB), 1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene (DBA), pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN), or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on hepatic and extrahepatic epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferase activities toward styrene oxide were determined. PB increased both enzyme activities in liver of both sexes. PCN induced only glutathione S-transferase activity in female liver. Extrahepatic epoxide hydrase and glutathione S-transferase activities were unaffected except that TCDD doubled female renal epoxide hydrase activity and PB increased intestinal epoxide hydrase activity in both sexes. Styrene oxide biotransformation was studied in isolated, perfused rat liver and rabbit lung preparations. Conjugation with glutathione was a major metabolic pathway although significant amounts of diol were also formed in each instance. In rat liver, 27-40% of the administered styrene oxide was excreted via the bile mainly as S-(1-phenyl-2-hydroxyethyl)glutathione.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026399"}
{"pmid": "1026401", "title": "Demographic variation in cancer in relation to industrial and environmental influence.", "content": "Demographic variation in cancer in relation to industrial and environmental influence. Mortality data (183,064 deaths in a 30-year period, 1940-1969) by sex and three ethnic groups (white excluding Spanish-surnamed, nonwhite, and Spanish-surnamed) in 15 regions within the city (Houston), grouped around the air pollution sample collection stations have been analyzed. Valid contrast studies were possible in only one region within the city for all three groups and in six regions for white excluding Spanish-surnamed and nonwhite. There is evidence that the environmental factors of exposure over time to air and industrial pollutants in Houston has had a demonstrable effect in increasing regional mortality from cancer of the respiratory tract as well as from all other diseases and conditions of the respiratory tract and heart disease. This study points out the need for mutually sustained collaboration of effort of the scientific and industrial communities to redirect their attention and research efforts to the exploration of the carcinogenic potential of the microchemical environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026401"}
{"pmid": "1026402", "title": "Mortality and cancer morbidity in a group of Swedish VCM and PCV production workers.", "content": "Mortality and cancer morbidity in a group of Swedish VCM and PCV production workers. The cohort of workers employed in a Swedish vinyl chloride/poly(vinyl chloride) plant since its start in the early 1940's has been followed for mortality and cancer morbidity patterns. Only 21 of the 771 persons could not be traced. Difficulties in establishing exposure levels at different work areas in the past makes an evaluation of dose-effect relationships impossible. A four- to fivefold excess of pancreas/liver tumors was found, including two cases later classified as angiosarcomas of the liver. The number of brain tumors and suicide do not deviate significantly from expected. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, on the other hand, differ significantly from the expected. The discrepancies between previous reports on VCM/PVC workers and this report are discussed. The possible etiology of the cardiovascular deaths is also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026402"}
{"pmid": "1026403", "title": "Clinical studies of styrene workers: initial findings.", "content": "Clinical studies of styrene workers: initial findings. Styrene monomer is a high volume chemical used chiefly in production of polystyrene. A clinical survey of 493 production workers was undertaken at the oldest and largest monomer production, polymerization, and extrusion facility in the U.S. Relative exposure durations and levels were obtained from occupational histories. Significant differences between the high and low exposure groups were found with regard to history of acute prenarcotic symptoms, acute lower respiratory symptoms, prevalence of FEV 1/FV less than 75 per cent, and elevated GCTP. Other liver function tests, chest x-ray, FVC less than 80 per cent, and hematological parameters showed no distinct pattern. A concomitant mortality study has been mounted and is in progress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026403"}
{"pmid": "1026404", "title": "Malignant tumors of the liver and lungs in an area with a PVC industry.", "content": "Malignant tumors of the liver and lungs in an area with a PVC industry. The incidence of malignant tumors of the lung and bronchus and of cytologically confirmed primary malignant tumor of the liver was analyzed for a 4-yr period in a city with several factories, including a PVC industry. Prior to the study two cases of angio-sarcoma of the liver were diagnosed in workers employed in PVC production. The total incidence of analyzed tumors was only slightly higher than predicted. The tumors of the liver recorded did not show any dependence on place of work or residence. During the period of observation, malignant tumors of the bronchus (lung) were not recorded in the PVC industry. Their rate in the area in which the PVC industry is situated was approximately the same as that for the entire city area. The study does not indicate that the occurrence of malignant tumors other than angiosarcoma is associated with exposure to vinyl chloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026404"}
{"pmid": "1026405", "title": "Health hazards in the production and processing of some fibers, resins, and plastics in Bulgaria.", "content": "Health hazards in the production and processing of some fibers, resins, and plastics in Bulgaria. Results of the toxicological studies of working conditions, general and professional morbidity, and complex examinations carried out on workers engaged in the production of polyamides, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyester fibers and poly (vinyl chloride) resin, urea-formaldehyde glue, glass fibre materials and polyurethane resins are given. An extremely high occupational hazard for workers in the production of poly (vinyl chloride) resin and porous materials from polyurethane resins and urea-formaldehyde glue has been established. Cases of vinyl chloride disease, poisoning from formaldehyde, isocyanates, and styrene were noted. Prophylactic measures were taken in Bulgaria to lessen the occupational hazard in the productions as set forth included limitation of the work day to 6 hr, free food, additional bonus and leave, and annual physical examinations of workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026405"}
{"pmid": "1026406", "title": "Recent progress in safety evaluation studies on plasticizers and plastics and their controlled use in Japan.", "content": "Recent progress in safety evaluation studies on plasticizers and plastics and their controlled use in Japan. Recent experimental studies in Japan on the evaluation of potential health hazards from phthalate esters used in manufacturing poly (vinyl chloride) as well as several plastics for medical devices and for food containers and packages were introduced. Development of pulmonary granuloma formation after intravenous injection of diethylhexyl phthalate was assumed to be dependent on the particle size of the phthalate in vehicle used. Dietary administration of large amount of diethylhexyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate produced renal cysts in mothers and in descendants in reproduction studies in mice. Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the phthalates and several plastics and resins were also examined by in vivo and in vitro studies. Hematological parameters examined in rabbits after repeated intravenous injection of diethylhexyl phthalate and after implantation of plastics in aorta for 3--6 months did not show any significant change. A slow decrease of radioactivity was observed in adipose tissue of rats following oral administration of 14C-labeled diethylhexyl phthalate. tthe administrative action on phthalates by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare is briefly reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026406"}
{"pmid": "1026407", "title": "Problems and perspective in epidemiological study of occupational health hazards in the rubber industry.", "content": "Problems and perspective in epidemiological study of occupational health hazards in the rubber industry. An epidemiological analysis of the problems in the study of companies engaged in the manufacture of rubber products in different countries and in different time periods is given. Selected findings on cancer of gallbladder and biliary system, cancer of the lung, and tumors of the central nervous system among rubber workers are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026407"}
{"pmid": "1026408", "title": "Studies on the metabolism of vinyl chloride.", "content": "Studies on the metabolism of vinyl chloride. Vinyl chloride (VCM) is not carcinogenic by itself, it is bioactivated to the highly reactive alkylating oxirane chloroethylene oxide. Further metabolism, apparently, leads via an interaction of the primary alkylating metabolites with glutathion to S-(2-carboxy-methyl)-cysteine and thiodiacetic acid which are eliminated with the urine. Up to now, it has not been ascertained whether the oxirane alone is the essential carcinogenic factor or whether other metabolites are also involved in carcinogenicity. Likewise, it is still unknown whether the metabolites excreted in the urine might be used as biological criteria for exposure to VCM, because these metabolites probably can originate from a series of substances other than VCM. This problem could stimulate investigations on the possible carcinogenic activity of these substances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026408"}
{"pmid": "1026409", "title": "Consumer hazards of plastics.", "content": "Consumer hazards of plastics. The modern consumer is exposed to a wide variety of plastic and rubber products in his day to day life: at home, work, school, shopping, recreation and play, and transport. A large variety of toxic sequellae have resulted from untoward exposures by many different routes: oral, dermal, inhalation, and parenteral. Toxic change may result from the plastic itself, migration of unbound components and additives, chemical decomposition or toxic pyrolysis products. The type of damage may involve acute poisoning, chronic organ damage, reproductive disorders, and carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic episodes. Typical examples for all routes are cited along with the activites of Canadian regulatory agencies to reduce both the incidence and severity of plastic-induced disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026409"}
{"pmid": "1026411", "title": "Recent achievements and research initiated in the Swedish plastics and rubber industry.", "content": "Recent achievements and research initiated in the Swedish plastics and rubber industry. The improvement in exposure conditions in the Swedish vinyl chloride producing industry is reported. The article comments on the technology and control methods by which the vinyl chloride concentration has been lowered to less than 1 ppm vinyl chloride. Two epidemiological retrospective cohort studies are presently under way on workers in PVC-utilizing industries and in the rubber industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026411"}
{"pmid": "1026410", "title": "Diffusion of residual monomer in polymer resins.", "content": "Diffusion of residual monomer in polymer resins. A simplified mathematical model which made use of Fick's laws of diffusion written in spherical coordinates was developed to describe the rate of diffusion of residual monomers from polymer resins. The properties of the monomer-polymer system which influenced the amount of monomer remaining in the polymer as a function of time were the diffusivity and solubility of the monomer in the polymer, and the particle size of the polymer resin. This model was used to analyze literature data on the diffusion of residual vinyl chloride monomer in polyvinyl chloride resins made by the suspension process. It was concluded that particle size of the resin was a significant parameter which should be taken advantage of in process equipment designed to remove residual monomer from PVC resins. The diffusivity of the monomer in the polymer was a function of the solubility of the monomer in the polymer. Monomer solubility can be determined from Henry's law. It was suggested that this model could be adapted to describe diffusion of monomers from any monomer-polymer system, and would be a useful approach to modeling the transport of nonreactive chemical additives from plastics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026410"}
{"pmid": "1026413", "title": "Difficulties of forecasting health implications.", "content": "Difficulties of forecasting health implications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026413"}
{"pmid": "1026414", "title": "Proceedings of the WHO-NIEHS conference on potential environmental health hazards from technological developments in rubber and plastics industries. Research Triangle Park, N.C., March 1-3, 1976: Concluding remarks.", "content": "Proceedings of the WHO-NIEHS conference on potential environmental health hazards from technological developments in rubber and plastics industries. Research Triangle Park, N.C., March 1-3, 1976: Concluding remarks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026414"}
{"pmid": "1026412", "title": "Criteria for the health evaluation of polymeric materials building.", "content": "Criteria for the health evaluation of polymeric materials building. Various polymer-based synthetic materials have become increasingly ubiquitous in manufactured materials in the U.S.S.R. These release various chemical compounds to the ambient air. The maximum permissible concentrations that have been established for various hazardous chemicals in ambient air must be adjusted to account for the conditions of apartment life. Studies have been conducted to determine exactly what compounds are released and at what rate. Toxicological studies and studies of various physical and chemical properties are required to determine the health effects of these chemicals at concentrations at which they are expected to occur in apartments. More research has to be carried out in this field to further expand our knowledge, and we must beware of any introduction of new polymeric materials without first studying their contribution to possible detrimental health effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026412"}
{"pmid": "1026415", "title": "Occupational disease in the rubber industry.", "content": "Occupational disease in the rubber industry. We have studied mortality patterns in a large cohort of rubber workers. We have examined workers exposed to curing fumes, processing dusts, and industrial talc and have begun to evaluate exposures of these workers in detail. Gastrointestinal (especially stomach) cancer appears in excess in processing workers. Lung cancer is excessive in curing workers. Leukemia is increased generally. All three groups studied for respiratory disease have an increase in disease prevalence which is related to intensity and duration of exposure. Since both an increase in stomach cancer and respiratory disease is seen in processing workers, exposures in this area must be controlled. Since both lung cancer and chronic respiratory disease is excessive in curing rooms, this exposure must be controlled. The leukemia risk is probably related to solvents. Whether this is all explainable by past benzene exposure is unknown. Further studies are planned to refine our knowledge concerning these risks so that occupational disease in the rubber industry can be prevented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026415"}
{"pmid": "1026416", "title": "Neurotoxicity and behavioral effects of thiram in rats.", "content": "Neurotoxicity and behavioral effects of thiram in rats. Eight of 24 female rats fed 66.9 mg/kg-day of thiram developed neurotoxicity. The neurotoxic effects were characterized by ataxia and paralysis of the hind legs. There were demyelination, degeneration of the axis cylinders, and presence of macrophages in the nerve bundle of the sciatic nerve. Degeneration in the ventral horn of the lower lumbar region of the spinal cord was evidenced by chromatolysis of motorneurons, pyknosis, and satellitosis. During a second experiment, 4 of 24 females fed 65.8 mg/kg--day also developed ataxia and paralysis. An additional 9 females showed clasping of the hind feet when picked up by the tail. Nerve conduction could not be measured for one severely ataxic rat and the electromyogram indicated a loss of motor unit function. Histopathology of this rat, along with the others, suggests the peripheral nerve as the primary site of the lesion. Thiram also caused behavioral changes in apparently normal rats. The walking pattern of the hind legs was altered with decreases in stride width and the angle between contralateral steps. These rats required significantly more shock-motivations and cleared a lower height in a jump/climb ability test. An open-field study indicated that thiram caused hyperactivity in the nonataxic rats of both sexes. Three of 24 rats fed 95.8 mg/kg-day of ferbam also developed ataxia or paralysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026416"}
{"pmid": "1026418", "title": "Priorities in the investigation of human health hazards in the plastics and synthetic rubber industries.", "content": "Priorities in the investigation of human health hazards in the plastics and synthetic rubber industries. Experiences in the past decade provide guidance in selecting priorities for investigation of health hazards in chemical industries. Pride of place should be given to the experience of large industrial populations, in part simply because large numbers of people are at risk and in part because such studies are more likely to give reliable answers. This recommendation has further strength when there is community exposure as well. Parenthetically, large populations provide opportunity to study multiple factor interaction; without this, toxic potential of a single agent may be obscured. Second, investigations should be mounted when there is reason for suspicion, as with particular chemical configurations, observed organ toxicity, animal carcinogenicity, unusual clinical experience (\"signal\" tumors). It may be added that when agents have already been used several decades, evaluation of human experience with them is now in order, if only to document absence of toxicity. The same recommendations hold for planned introduction of new agents or widened distribution of existing ones, until we have better information concerning validity of \"pretesting\" programs. Major advances have been made in epidemiological methods for these investigations. These now allow us to successfully focus on small defined groups as well as to manage large populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026418"}
{"pmid": "1026419", "title": "Chemistry and toxicity of flame retardants for plastics.", "content": "Chemistry and toxicity of flame retardants for plastics. An overview of commercially used flame retardants is give. The most used flame retardants are illustrated and the seven major markets, which use 96% of all flame-retarded polymers, are described. Annual flame retardant growth rate for each major market is also projected. Toxicity data are reviewed on only those compositions that are considered commercially significant today. This includes 18 compounds or families of compounds and four inherently flame-retarded polymers. Toxicological studies of flame retardants for most synthetic materials are of recent origin and only a few of the compounds have been evaluated in any great detail. Considerable toxicological problems may exist in the manufacturing of some flame retardants, their by-products, and possible decomposition products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026419"}
{"pmid": "1026420", "title": "Toxicity of combustion products from burning polymers: development and evaluation of methods.", "content": "Toxicity of combustion products from burning polymers: development and evaluation of methods. Laboratory and room-scale experiments were conducted with natural and synthetic polymers: cotton, paper, wood, wool, acetate, acrylic, nylon, and urethane. Smoke and off-gases from single materials were generated in a dual-compartment 110-liter exposure chamber. Multicomponent, composite fuel loads were burned within a 100 m(3) facility subdivided into rooms. In chamber experiments, mortality depended on the amount of material burned, i.e., fuel consumption (FC). Conventional dose (FC)/mortality curves were obtained, and the amount of fuel required to produce 50% mortality (FC(50)) was calculated. With simple flame ignition, cotton was the only material that produced smoke concentrations lethal to rats; FC(50) values for cotton ranged from 2 g to 9 g, depending on the configuration of the cotton sample burned. When supplemental conductive heat was added to flame ignition, the following FC(50) values were obtained; nylon, 7 g; acrylic, 8 g; newsprint, 9 g; cotton, 10 g; and wood, 11 g. Mortality resulting from any given material depended upon the specific conditions employed for its thermal decomposition. Toxicity of off-gasses from pyrolysis of phosphorus-containing trimethylol propane-polyurethane foams was markedly decreased by addition of a flame ignition source. Further studies are needed to determine the possible relevance of single-material laboratory scale smoke toxicity experiments. Room-scale burns were conducted to assess the relative contributions of single materials to toxicity of smoke produced by a multicomponent self-perpetuating fire. Preliminary results suggest that this approach permits a realistic evaluation of the contribution of single materials to the toxicity of smoke from residential fires.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026420"}
{"pmid": "1026423", "title": "A comparative trial of the use of fish protein concentrate and cow milk proteins in the treatment of kwashiorkor.", "content": "A comparative trial of the use of fish protein concentrate and cow milk proteins in the treatment of kwashiorkor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026423"}
{"pmid": "1026417", "title": "Health aspects of the curing of synthetic rubbers.", "content": "Health aspects of the curing of synthetic rubbers. A commonly used tread rubber formulation was cured in the laboratory under conditions simulating vulcanization in the Bag-O-Matic press. Volatile emissions were collected on charcoal and analyzed by combined GC-mass spectrometry. The compounds identified were either contaminants present in the raw material or reaction products. Some of these compounds were also identified in charcoal tube samples collected in the atmosphere of the industrial operations. Estimates based on the loss of weight of rubber during curing were used to predict airborne concentrations and compared to the concentrations actually found. The literature of the toxicity of raw materials and effluents was reviewed, and no acute or chronic toxicological effects would be anticipated. Information concerning potential carcinogenicity was not available and could not be evaluated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026417"}
{"pmid": "1026424", "title": "Intestinal parasitism in fifty communities on the central plateau of Ethiopia.", "content": "Intestinal parasitism in fifty communities on the central plateau of Ethiopia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026424"}
{"pmid": "1026425", "title": "Neonatal septicaemia.", "content": "Neonatal septicaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026425"}
{"pmid": "1026426", "title": "Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in Ethiopian infants.", "content": "Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in Ethiopian infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026426"}
{"pmid": "1026427", "title": "Is elephantiasis on the lower legs a geochemical disease?", "content": "Is elephantiasis on the lower legs a geochemical disease?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026427"}
{"pmid": "1026422", "title": "Management of sigmoid  volvulus with special reference to primary resection.", "content": "Management of sigmoid  volvulus with special reference to primary resection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026422"}
{"pmid": "1026433", "title": "The family and the school: utilizing human resources to promote learning.", "content": "The family and the school: utilizing human resources to promote learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026433"}
{"pmid": "1026434", "title": "An exploration of the dynamics of the overlapping worlds of work and family.", "content": "An exploration of the dynamics of the overlapping worlds of work and family. The relationship between the working lives and family lives of people in our society is a concern to both families and corporations. This article describes a research project that yielded theoretical statements about the interactions between organization life and family life for members of large corporations; grounded theory methodology and a systems theory approach were used. Data were obtained in a large multinational corporation from managers and their families who were undergoing three different kinds of organizational stress: international transfer, extensive travel, and job change to facilitator of personal and organizational change. The findings give reason for viewing organization and family as interacting systems and for considering the uniqueness of each individual's response to stressful events. They also indicate that an individual's feeling of influence over stressful events at the organization-family boundaries are significant for both organizational and family effectiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026434"}
{"pmid": "1026435", "title": "Individuation: from fusion to dialogue.", "content": "Individuation: from fusion to dialogue. Growing interest in concepts of fusion and individuation within a number of different theoretical systems of psychotherapy suggests an emerging shift in perspective in the conceptualization of psychopathology and psychotherapy. This shift may represent a first step in the integration of individual and relational dynamic theories. A theoretical framework for the exploration of processes of fusion and individuation is presented, with suggested applications for the study of problems experienced by adult couples. The process of individuation from fusion to dialogue is outlined in the description of four modes of relationship. In this context, the paper suggests ways in which a variety of problematic relational patterns seen in couples may be viewed as reflecting the partners' struggles to move from fusion to dialogue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026435"}
{"pmid": "1026436", "title": "Family therapy in treatment of the deaf: a case report.", "content": "Family therapy in treatment of the deaf: a case report. Deaf patients with psychological problems have developmental handicaps and clinical characteristics that reduce the effectiveness of traditional modes of psychotherapy. Attempts have been made to utilize individual and group therapy, but family therapy has been largely overlooked as a method of alleviating problems of the deaf. Clinical and research writings provide us with rich insights into the family dynamics of the deaf. These data suggest to the authors that the problems of deaf individuals are largely related to family problems, and therefore merit a family orientation as the focus for treatment. This paper describes an attempt to apply family therapy with a range of deaf patients over a period of two years. From a review of their work, the authors conclude that family therapy can be effective, particularly in the treatment of deaf adolescents and children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026436"}
{"pmid": "1026437", "title": "Experimenting with family treatment approaches to alcoholism, 1950-1975: a review.", "content": "Experimenting with family treatment approaches to alcoholism, 1950-1975: a review. The attention given family therapy approaches to alcoholism has been disproportionately low in relation to the magnitude of alcohol abuse as a clinical problem and its acknowledged impact on family life. Although the literature to date is limited and most studies should be characterized as pilot in nature, preliminary results have enthusiastically endorsed family therapy approaches to alcoholism. This critical review assesses the existing experimental and clinical literature of the pase 25 years. It also offers potential explanations for the reluctance of family therapists to engage this problem more actively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026437"}
{"pmid": "1026438", "title": "A method for co-therapy for schizophrenic families.", "content": "A method for co-therapy for schizophrenic families. This paper describes a model of treatment for families in which one child has been given the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Male and female therapists adopt structured roles that are used as a paradigm for exploring family patterns. The paradigm employs a three-generational hypothesis that defines schizophrenia as a lifelong, restricting mode of relating, involving the primary family triad, that makes the child vulnerable to repeated psychotic episodes. Therapy is directed at the difficulties of autonomous development within the family by focusing on differentiating the relationship between nuclear and extended family members, expecially defining and strengthening generational and sexual boundaries. The second focus of therapy is on the resolution of issues of separation and loss, with attention to unresolved mourning in the family of origin and the concomitant stress in giving up the infantile relationship with the index child in the nuclear family. Stages of therapy will be described including: (a) initiation of therapy, (b) breaking of fusion, (c) repair of alienation, and (d) solidifying the marital alliance and generational boundaries. Case illustrations will be included.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026438"}
{"pmid": "1026439", "title": "Family of origin as a therapeutic resource for adults in marital and family therapy: you can and should go home again.", "content": "Family of origin as a therapeutic resource for adults in marital and family therapy: you can and should go home again. This paper presents a general method of involving adults who are in marital and family therapy in sessions with their family of origin, offering a clinical application of the author's depth theoretical orientation. The method is based on the thesis that current marital and family difficulties are elaborations of relationship problems of the spouses in their original families. If adults are able to go back to deal directly with past and present issues with their families or origin, an opportunity exists for reconstructive changes to come about in their present family. This present work is compared with Bowen's methods. Procedures are outlined for preparing for these sessions and for overcoming resistances. Typical courses these sessions tend to take are described, and some preliminary results are presented. Several case histories are presented, and theoretical and clinical implications of this method are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026439"}
{"pmid": "1026440", "title": "The product of the consensus Rorschach in families of male schizophrenics.", "content": "The product of the consensus Rorschach in families of male schizophrenics. A consensus Rorschach was given to the families of 36 male schizophrenics, 13 psychiatrically hospitalized nonschizophrenic controls, and 38 normal controls with the goal of discriminating the families of schizophrenics from the other two groups of families. After the family agreed on a response, each member was asked to write the response on a separate sheet of paper. This study focused on these written responses, the product of the interaction, rather than on the process of reaching agreement. A system was developed to score the responses based on the degree of shared meaning achieved by the family. Adequate interscorer reliability was obtained. The scores significantly differentiated the three groups. More families of schizophrenics had low scores indicating lack of shared meaning than families of hospitalized and normal controls. In the normal control group, more upper-class families had high scores than lower-class families, wheras in the schizophrenic group there was a trend in the opposite direction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026440"}
{"pmid": "1026421", "title": "Non-pulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopian medical in-patients.", "content": "Non-pulmonary tuberculosis in Ethiopian medical in-patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026421"}
{"pmid": "1026428", "title": "Isolation and biochemical properties of toxic tryptic peptides of ricinotoxin from Ricinus communis seeds.", "content": "Isolation and biochemical properties of toxic tryptic peptides of ricinotoxin from Ricinus communis seeds. Tryptic hydrolysis conditions of ricinotoxin were studied in order to produce not only digestion of this glycoprotein but also still toxic tryptic peptides. No hydrolysis was obtained without prior denaturation. The best conditions of denaturation were obtained with 0.2 M guanidine hydrochloride and, to a lower extent, by heat treatment at 90 degrees C during 6 minutes. The hydrolysates were fractionated on Sephadex G100 column. In each case highly toxic peptide fractions were obtained which showed, like native ricinotoxin, a strong inhibitory action on the in vitro protein synthesis ina cell-free eukaryotic system but were without any action on a prokaryotic cell-free system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026428"}
{"pmid": "1026441", "title": "Problems in measuring the success of family therapy in a common clinical setting: impasse and solutions.", "content": "Problems in measuring the success of family therapy in a common clinical setting: impasse and solutions. Families treated in conjoint therapy in the outpatient clinic of a general community hospital for about a year and other families that refused further contact with the same clinic after no more than two interviews were followed up about four and a half years later. The main difference found was that the treated group reported more new symptoms. The complexities of interpreting the data obtained are used as a basis for discussing problems that confront, and may deter, clinics attempting to evaluate their clinical work by means of controlled, nonfactorial or related designs. Process or correlational studies are suggested as an alternate choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026441"}
{"pmid": "1026442", "title": "The incest taboo and family structure.", "content": "The incest taboo and family structure. The evolutionary advantage of outbreeding has influenced the family structure and the mating, attachment, and dominance behaviors of all animals. Nature has selected for those species that have evolved family structures with detachment and dominance patterns that create a relatively intact incest barrier. Man inherits from his animal forebears the biological imperative of an incest barrier but brings to it his special complexity of psychology and symbolization--incest barrier becomes incest taboo. We present a discussion of human patterns of speparation-individuation and Oedipal conflict and relate this to the detachment and dominance behaviors of animals. This is an interface between psychoanalysis, family theory, and ethology. In addition, we pursue in detail the asymmetrical operation of the incest taboo within the family: that it is stronger for mother-son than for father-daughter than for brother-sister.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026442"}
{"pmid": "1026443", "title": "Balance theory: possible consequences of number of family members.", "content": "Balance theory: possible consequences of number of family members. This paper outlines one theoretical issue involved in considering the relationships that may exist in a family. The usual approach is to treat the family as a whole, made up of n members. The main issue here is the effects of the numerical size of the family and the many possible total and sub-total relationships that may exist within family constellations. Family structure and function is multivariate, but the focus here is the numberical factor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026443"}
{"pmid": "1026444", "title": "An effect of change in patient status on marital interaction.", "content": "An effect of change in patient status on marital interaction. In the treatment of couples and families, even more so than of individuals, therapists invariably are forced to face the problem of assessment of change in the marital or family \"system.\" The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes in marital interaction for a special population, that is, in which one member of each married pair had been, but was no longer, a hospitalized psychiatric patient. The primary question we addressed was whether changes in marital interaction could be amply detected and whether these changes could be attributed to the particular role shift that had occurred in one spouse--from \"patient\" to \"nonpatient.\" Utilizing a technique called Interaction Testing, which the senior authors devised in 1960, we found that such alterations in marital interaction do indeed arise when one member of the couple moves out of a patient role and that our instrument is useful in elucidating the nature of such effects. In addition, it can be expected that a study of this kind will be of theoretical and methodological value in dealing with the general issues of problem-solving interaction in couples and families. The clinical aspect of the study may also be expected to stimulate useful thinking regarding family theapy in hospital settings, patient management, and aftercare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026444"}
{"pmid": "1026446", "title": "The dynamics of owning and disowning: psychoanalytic and family perspectives.", "content": "The dynamics of owning and disowning: psychoanalytic and family perspectives. The dynamics of owning and disowning one's inner life have both intrapsychic and transactional or interpersonal dimensions. Freud opened new vistas on our inner world using psycoanalysis as a tool. Although not unaware of the effects of family members upon each other, Freud's rejection of the seduction theory of neurosis in 1897 fatefully influenced the future course of psychoanalysis, placing the primary focus on intrapsychic relations. Until today, it has remained the task-perhaps the principal one--of psychoanalytic theorists to do justice to the interpersonal and family realm that Freud neglected, without sacrificing the enormous insights we owe to Freud. Three conditions for successful inner ownership are described: a capacity for self-object differentiation; tolerance of ambivalence; and a sense of physical integrity, of having a cohesive, nuclear ego. The pathology of inner ownership is related to a pathology of interpersonal ownership as transacted on the family level. One form of such relational pathology--parental overowning, as revealed primarily in families with schizophrenic members--is discussed, with a case example.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026446"}
{"pmid": "1026445", "title": "Family photographs: in treatment and training.", "content": "Family photographs: in treatment and training. The universal appeal of nostalgia and reminiscence makes photographs a natural instrument for studying the impact of the past upon the present. This paper explores photography as a medium for facilitating reminiscence to discover individual roles, interpersonal relationships, and family dynamics. A method is described for using family photographs in treatment and training of clinicians at a Family Therapy Clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026445"}
{"pmid": "1026448", "title": "The family-school interview: an eco-structural approach.", "content": "The family-school interview: an eco-structural approach. This paper describes the family-school interview, and intervention with a child, family, and school, taking into account the dynamics of each system in that ecological context and the structural interrelationships of these systems relative to the problem presented by the child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026448"}
{"pmid": "1026450", "title": "\"Enmeshment\" and \"fusion\".", "content": "\"Enmeshment\" and \"fusion\". The paper examines two related concepts utilized by two different schools of family therapy. Any family seen to be \"enmeshed\" is also seen as \"fused,\" and vice versa. The difference in the level of focus, on the \"system containing the individuals\" (structural) or the \"individual in the system\" (fusion), determines the difference in therapeutic approach of these two schools.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026450"}
{"pmid": "1026451", "title": "Case studies in the family treatment of drug abuse.", "content": "Case studies in the family treatment of drug abuse. This article, with case illustrations, attempts to demonstrate that drug-abuse behavior can be understood more clearly in the light of family loyalties and unresolved family crises than from the perspective that drug abusers are social deviates.1 Drug abuse is viewed as symptomatic, as a signal that both drug abuser and his or her family are having difficulty in getting past a particular stage in the natural unfolding life cycle of a family. Treatment of drug abuse is seen primarily as helping the family to become \"unstuck,\" thereby freeing the individual's and family's energy for the task of self-development and growth rather than expending it to maintain rigid patterns of interaction in an attempt to prevent change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026451"}
{"pmid": "1026453", "title": "Temporal patterning in the family.", "content": "Temporal patterning in the family. The authors propose that time be considered as a variable in family process. Previous theory and research on human temporal patterning and experience are reviewed, and empirical generalizations from an initial pilot study concerned with marital and family members' orientation to \"morningness\" and \"nightness\" are presented. Further implications from this work-in-progress are delineated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026453"}
{"pmid": "1026449", "title": "Family systems model in organizational consultation: vignettes of consultation to a day-care center.", "content": "Family systems model in organizational consultation: vignettes of consultation to a day-care center. \"Bowen Theory,\" 1adapted to organizational dynamics, is presented as a framework for understanding the dysfunctional behavior of individuals in the context of a particular organization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026449"}
{"pmid": "1026452", "title": "Observations on two natural amnesias.", "content": "Observations on two natural amnesias. The role of interpersonal sequences in determining amnesias has not been as explored as the role of intrapsychic conflict. This paper examines two natural amnesias, emphasizing their function as part of the process of sequencing phenomena.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026452"}
{"pmid": "1026447", "title": "Lack of acknowledgment in the family Rorschachs of families with a child at risk for schizophrenia.", "content": "Lack of acknowledgment in the family Rorschachs of families with a child at risk for schizophrenia. Lack of acknowledgment, a characteristic of the direct interactions of families of schizophrenics, was found also to characterize the Family Rorschach interactions of families whose disturbed, non-psychotic adolescents were assessed at high risk for schizophrenia on the basis of parental communication deviance. The same high-risk families had unbalanced interaction patterns as reflected in three measures of family structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026447"}
{"pmid": "1026454", "title": "A typology of family social environments.", "content": "A typology of family social environments. A sample of 100 families measured on ten dimensions of their social environments was subjected to cluster analysis to develop an empirically based taxonomy of families. Six distinctive clusters of families were indentified: Expression-Oriented, Structure-Oriented, Independence-Oriented, Achievement-Oriented, Moral/Religious-Oriented and Conflict-Oriented. The clusters showed systematic differences in background characteristics such as size, ethnic minority composition, drinking patterns, and family disturbance and incongruence. Some evidence that certain clusters of families are composed of different sub-clusters was presented. An empirically derived taxonomy of the social environments of families may help to understand how different family environments are linked to different family outcomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026454"}
{"pmid": "1026455", "title": "Designed experience: a multiple, goal-directed training program in family therapy.", "content": "Designed experience: a multiple, goal-directed training program in family therapy. A family-therapy training program, one of three main branches of the \"Boston model,\" is described in detail. Salient features of the program include planned integration of a multiplicity of experiential and cognitive learning modes; grounding in a unified, theoretical framework that is neither eclectic nor limited to a single school of thought; focus on nonpathological process in families; and systematic structuring in terms of specific, articulated, training objectives. The goal-directed design process by which training units are developed is explained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026455"}
{"pmid": "1026456", "title": "Depression and marital interaction.", "content": "Depression and marital interaction. A family-systems model of depression is presented and discussed. In this model, the intrapsychic concept of cognitive schema and the interpersonal concepts of social stimulation and social reingorcement are integrated within a systems-theory perspective. The effects of positive and negative feedback are delineated, and a concept of depression-triggering and depression-maintaining feedback loops is described. A clinical illustration is utilized to exemplify the theoretical model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026456"}
{"pmid": "1026457", "title": "An integrated treatment program for psychogenic pain.", "content": "An integrated treatment program for psychogenic pain. The family characteristics associated with the presence of recurrent abdominal pain are identified. The involvement on the pediatrician and the effects of this involvement on the patient, family, and perpetuation of the symptoms are described. A successful therapeutic program combining behavior modification and family therapy is elaborated. Changes in the structure and functioning of the family are vital to the outcome of therapy and the prevention of recurrence of symptoms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026457"}
{"pmid": "1026458", "title": "Social networks, support, and coping: an exploratory study.", "content": "Social networks, support, and coping: an exploratory study. This paper reports a study that investigated the areas of stress, support, and coping, using the structural model of the social network. The social network model is borrowed from sociology and anthropology and is used to describe and quantify not only an individual's immediate family but also all of those with whom the individual has regular contact. By comparing the networks of a sample of \"normal\" and schizophrenic males, it was possible to identify differences in their relationships to their social networks, in the make-up of the networks themselves, and in the coping styles and recent histories of the subjects. The results suggest, first, that the network model can be used to investigate the larger social system with which individuals interact and, second, that it may be a valuable approach to the expansion of family research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026458"}
{"pmid": "1026460", "title": "The use of teaching stories in conjoint family therapy.", "content": "The use of teaching stories in conjoint family therapy. Two general factors have been singled out as being held in common by all types of psychotherapy: an educational, rational factor (often called \"content\") and a factor operative in the relationship between the therapist and his patient (often called \"process\"). In the field of family therapy, the non-educational aspects of intervention are sometimes presented in the form of \"therapeutic, paradoxical communications\" (Haley, Bateson, Jackson, Weakland) or the 'therapy of the absurd\" (Whitaker, Malone). In the present paper, I wish to present a form of therapeutic communication, the teaching story, that embodies a unique mixture of both the educational and the paradox, or absurd.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026460"}
{"pmid": "1026459", "title": "The consultation-demonstration interview.", "content": "The consultation-demonstration interview. In recent years the consultation-demonstration interview, in which a family is interviewed before a workshop, has become increasingly prevalent. While this method of presenting the therapist's style of interviewing can be an exciting and valuable learning experience, it can also lead to a sense of boredom and disappointment. In some instances, the experience can be traumatic, especially for the family and the guest therapist. Common pitfalls in the organization and planning of the interview are explored, and a number of specific recommendations are made for attempting to maximize the potential in this interview process. Written to both the planner and the leader of the workshop in family therapy, this paper is based on the author's personal experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026459"}
{"pmid": "1026461", "title": "\"Nonlabeled\" family interaction: prelimiary report on a prospective study.", "content": "\"Nonlabeled\" family interaction: prelimiary report on a prospective study. This paper is a preliminary report on the first year of a two-year exploratory, prospective study of psychiatrically \"nonlabeled\" families. The project studies families from a nonpathology-oriented point of view. It focuses primarily on whole-family interaction as it progresses through time. Because of limited funds, only two families are being studied in this exploratory phase. Nevertheless, the work touches on many issues of a general nature that may be of interest of other researchers. Each family has been interviewed once a month for the past year. The paper outlines: procedural matters, including selection criteria and recruitment; data collection, including interviews, rating scales, and \"clinical\" discussions; processing of data; preliminary findings, including quantitative and qualitative aspects; and problem areas, including methodological and ethical aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026461"}
{"pmid": "1026523", "title": "The determination of disopyramide in blood plasma and urine.", "content": "The determination of disopyramide in blood plasma and urine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026523"}
{"pmid": "1026524", "title": "Cellular electrophysiologic changes induced by disopyramide phosphate in normal infarcted hearts.", "content": "Cellular electrophysiologic changes induced by disopyramide phosphate in normal infarcted hearts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026524"}
{"pmid": "1026525", "title": "The effect of disopyramide on in vivo measurement of monophasic action potential in canine heart muscle.", "content": "The effect of disopyramide on in vivo measurement of monophasic action potential in canine heart muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026525"}
{"pmid": "1026526", "title": "The effects of disopyramide on the human heart: an electrophysiological study.", "content": "The effects of disopyramide on the human heart: an electrophysiological study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026526"}
{"pmid": "1026527", "title": "Circulatory effects of intravenous disopyramide in heart failure.", "content": "Circulatory effects of intravenous disopyramide in heart failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026527"}
{"pmid": "1026528", "title": "Haemodynamics of intravenous disopyramide.", "content": "Haemodynamics of intravenous disopyramide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026528"}
{"pmid": "1026529", "title": "The pharmacokinetics of disopyramide following myocardial infarction with special reference to oral and intravenous dose regimens.", "content": "The pharmacokinetics of disopyramide following myocardial infarction with special reference to oral and intravenous dose regimens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026529"}
{"pmid": "1026530", "title": "Correlation of disopyramide pharmacokinetics with efficacy in ventricular tachyarrhythmia.", "content": "Correlation of disopyramide pharmacokinetics with efficacy in ventricular tachyarrhythmia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026530"}
{"pmid": "1026531", "title": "The excretion of D-glucaric acid in the urine of human volunteers following the administration of disopyramide.", "content": "The excretion of D-glucaric acid in the urine of human volunteers following the administration of disopyramide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026531"}
{"pmid": "1026532", "title": "Anti-arrhythmic therapy: present views and future prospects.", "content": "Anti-arrhythmic therapy: present views and future prospects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026532"}
{"pmid": "1026533", "title": "Some aspects of the clinical pharmacology of intravenous disopyramide after myocardial infarction.", "content": "Some aspects of the clinical pharmacology of intravenous disopyramide after myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026533"}
{"pmid": "1026534", "title": "The pharmacology of disopyramide.", "content": "The pharmacology of disopyramide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026534"}
{"pmid": "1026535", "title": "Acute termination of cardiac arrhythmias with intravenous disopyramide.", "content": "Acute termination of cardiac arrhythmias with intravenous disopyramide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026535"}
{"pmid": "1026536", "title": "The use of disopyramide in the treatment of arrhythmias in ambulatory patients.", "content": "The use of disopyramide in the treatment of arrhythmias in ambulatory patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026536"}
{"pmid": "1026522", "title": "Amikacin (BBK8) in infections due to gram-negative organisms in children over the age of one month.", "content": "Amikacin (BBK8) in infections due to gram-negative organisms in children over the age of one month. Thirty children over the age of one month were treated with amikacin (BBK8), a new aminoglycoside derived from kanamycin A, with three intramuscular dosage schedules. Each group consisted of ten patients. The first received 7-5 mg/kg/12 hours, the second 7-5 mg/kg/24 hours and the third, 3-75 mg/kg/12 hours. The infections and the bacteria were similar in all three groups: pyelonephritis, abscesses of soft tissues, infected wounds, septicaemia, superinfected empyema, gastro-enteritis, chronic otitis media; the bacteria were E. coli, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas and Salmonella. A were sensitive by the Kirby-Bauer method, although two were resistant by dilution in Petri dish. Of the thirty patients, twenty four (80%) were cured. The schedule of 3-75 mg/kg/12 hours was as effective as the schedule of 7-5 mg/kg/12 hours for infections such as pyelonephritis, superficial abscesses, contaminated wounds, gastro-enteritis and sepsis. The cases with infections localized in rather unaccessible sites required double the dose and strict drainage and cleanliness. Plasma levels with the administration of 3-75 mg/kg fluctuated between 8-3 and 12-6 mcg/ml; with 7-5 mg/kg they fluctuated between 8-6 and 13-1. The minimum inhibitory level (MIL) for the majority of the bacteria was 1-25 mcg/ml. No toxic reactions were observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026522"}
{"pmid": "1026537", "title": "Anti-arrhythmic and haemodynamic effects of intravenous and oral disopyramide in patients with ventricular arrhythmia.", "content": "Anti-arrhythmic and haemodynamic effects of intravenous and oral disopyramide in patients with ventricular arrhythmia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026537"}
{"pmid": "1026539", "title": "Methenamine hippurate ('Hiprex') in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections: a trial in a geriatric hospital.", "content": "Methenamine hippurate ('Hiprex') in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections: a trial in a geriatric hospital. Fifty-two patients, all of whom were more than 66 years-old and who were hospitalized for periods in excess of two years were treated for chronic urinary tract infection. All patients received a course of antibiotic treatment for seven to ten days and were then put onto treatment with methenamine hippurate 1 g twice daily for six months. Of the original fifty-two patients, twelve did not complete the six month course. During the six month period with \"Hiprex' there were far fewer re-infections than in the previous six months during which time they had received intermittent antibiotic therapy and other long-term treatment. There were no adverse reactions and bacterial resistance did not occur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026539"}
{"pmid": "1026541", "title": "A profile for trimipramine.", "content": "A profile for trimipramine. A series of sixty-one patients with depressive symptoms were treated with trimipramine in single nightly dosages. Analysis of the data indicated that a favourable outcome was likely to be associated with the following features: absence of gastro-intestinal complaints; absence of hypochondriasis; a level of anxiety not more than the average for psychiatric patients; absence of situational palpitation; possession of a stable work record; and possession of a family history positive for psychiatric disorder. These features are not claimed to be specific to treatment with trimipramine. Age, sex, out-patient/in-patient status and the over-all degree of depression were not found to be relevant. Trimipramine was associated with a favourable outcome in 64% of all cases treated, and in 73% of primarily depressive conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026541"}
{"pmid": "1026542", "title": "The addition of Visken to methyldopa therapy in hypertension: a multicentre study.", "content": "The addition of Visken to methyldopa therapy in hypertension: a multicentre study. Forty-one patients completed the study where Visken was added to the treatment regimen of patients whose blood pressures were poorly controlled on methyldopa or who were experiencing side-effects with methyldopa. Supine blood pressure was reduced from 177/108 mm Hg before Visken therapy to 159/96 mm Hg after twelve weeks of taking Visken. The dose of methyldopa was reduced from a mean 921 mg at the start to 445 mg at the end. Fourteen patients were able to stop methyldopa therapy. The number of side-effects reported was reduced as the study continued and fifteen patients commented that they felt better on Visken. Nine patients did not complete the trial, three of these because of side-effects, viz insomnia, lethargy and sleep disturbances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026542"}
{"pmid": "1026544", "title": "Cases of overdosage with viloxazine hydrochloride (Vivalan).", "content": "Cases of overdosage with viloxazine hydrochloride (Vivalan). Twelve cases of viloxazine overdosage are reported. All patients recovered without sequelae and no ECG abnormalities were observed. Gastric lavage was performed in most cases and was probably beneficial. As viloxazine is rapidly absorbed (Bayliss & Case 1975, Case & Reeves 1975) lavage should be carried out as soon as possible after the tablets are taken. Since the drug is almost exclusively excreted in the urine, it is suggested that forced diuresis be carried out to reduce blood levels as quickly as possible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026544"}
{"pmid": "1026540", "title": "Treatment with methenamine hippurate in the patient with a catheter.", "content": "Treatment with methenamine hippurate in the patient with a catheter. Methenamine hippurate, 1 g twice daily, was given for four months to twenty-two elderly female subjects with an indwelling catheter. The incidence of catheter blockage was significantly reduced when compared with the control period of similar duration, although bacteriuria persisted throughout treatment. The incidence of symptomatic urinary tract infection also decreased during treatment with methenamine hippurate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026540"}
{"pmid": "1026545", "title": "Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections with cefadroxil, a new oral cephalosporin.", "content": "Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections with cefadroxil, a new oral cephalosporin. Oral cefadroxil in doses of 0-6-1-8 g per day given on twice or three times daily schedules was effective in the treatment of thirty-six patients with infections such as abscesses, carbuncles, cellulitis, furunculosis and impetigo. Staphylococcus aureus strains and beta-haemolytic streptococci, alone or in combination, were cultured from lesions before treatment. In vitro studies with test discs showed that all the organisms were sensitive to cefadroxil, but twenty-three of twenty-nine S aureus strains and one of the seven streptococci strains were resistant to penicillin G. Pre- and post-treatment laboratory tests of renal, hepatic and haematopoietic functions produced no evidence of drug toxicity. The cefadroxil dosage effective in this study is lower than that recommended for currently available oral cephalosporins, which must be given on a four times daily schedule.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026545"}
{"pmid": "1026546", "title": "Effectiveness of two new cephalosporins, cephazolin and cephapirin, administered intermittently in acute and chronic osteomyelitis in children.", "content": "Effectiveness of two new cephalosporins, cephazolin and cephapirin, administered intermittently in acute and chronic osteomyelitis in children. Ten patients were treated, most of pre-school age, with acute osteomyelitis, produced by Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella, having evolved for approximately one week, with sodium cephazolin at doses of 60 mg/kg/day intramuscularly in two daily injections for the first seven days and then in a single dose every twenty-four hours for four to seven weeks. Nine of ten patients were asymptomatic six months after this treatment. The patient who manifested chronic signs at the end of six weeks of therapy continued to be treated with three weekly injections of the same drug at an equal dose until the completion of six months, at the end of which he was asymptomatic. Ten patients with chronic osteomyelitis having evolved for two months to five years, due to penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, were treated with cephapirin at the dose of 30 mg/kg in one daily injection intramuscularly for three to four weeks and then the same dose on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays until the completion of six months. Eight patients who required it were sequestrectomized. Seven of the ten patients improve and remained asymptomatic for the same period of observation. The three patients who did not show marked clinical improvement did exhibit an appreciable radiological recovery. We have presented these regimens of treatment with a view of encouraging research into the intermittent administration of bactericidal antibiotics for pyogenic infections; in spite of the good results, we do not dare to recommend them in daily practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026546"}
{"pmid": "1026548", "title": "The effect of forewarning on the occurrence of side-effects and discontinuance of medication in patients on dothiepin.", "content": "The effect of forewarning on the occurrence of side-effects and discontinuance of medication in patients on dothiepin. Dothiepin was prescribed for 100 depressed out-patients alternately allocated to one of two groups. Patients in Group A were forewarned about side-effects and patients in Group B were not forewarned. None of the patients had previously received dothiepin. After two weeks the patients were questioned regarding side-effects and continuance with medication. Eighty-nine patients were included in the final analysis. The results failed to confirm the hypotheses that forewarning patients of side-effects causes a greater number of patients to complain of such effects, or that where patients experience side-effects, forewarning is associated with any less frequent discontinuance of therapy. Compared with a previous study with amitriptyline, the results of this study are much closer to statistical significance. This may be due to the lower overall incidence of side-effects with dothiepin and calls for further work with a larger sample of patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026548"}
{"pmid": "1026543", "title": "A clinical trial of temazepam, a sleep inducer, in hospital patients.", "content": "A clinical trial of temazepam, a sleep inducer, in hospital patients. Temazepam, a common metabolite of diazepam and oxazepam, was evaluated as a sleep inducer. A dose of 20 mg, in a Scherer capsule formulation, was compared with 200 mg of amylobarbitone sodium in a between-patients, randomized study. Patient and staff assessments were used. No statistically significant difference as to onset of sleep, duration or quality of sleep or morning drowsiness was found using the patients' assessments. The staff recorded significantly less daytime dozing and morning hangover in patients receiving temazepam. Side-effects were mild and confined mainly to drowsiness on awakening. Two patients, both on amylobarbitone sodium, withdrew from the study because of increasing confusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026543"}
{"pmid": "1026549", "title": "Neonatal jaundice--a comparison between intravenous oxytocin and oral prostaglandin E2.", "content": "Neonatal jaundice--a comparison between intravenous oxytocin and oral prostaglandin E2. The total serum bilirubin levels at two and occasionally five days after birth were studied in 162 infants whose mothers received either intravenous oxytocin or oral Prostaglandin te2 during labour, and the results were compared with those obtained in forty-two control patients. Following labour of spontaneous onset, whether the mother received intravenous oxytocin or oral Prostaglandin E2, neonatal total serum bilirubin levels were not different from those in controls. After induction by amniotomy and an active agent, higher mean total serum bilirubin levels were found in infants whose mothers received intravenous oxytocin than in those given oral prostaglandin E2; a significant rise in the total serum bilirubin level appeared to occur when mothers received a total of more than 12,000 milliunits of oxytocin or more than 4,000 milliunits per kg birthweight of the infant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026549"}
{"pmid": "1026550", "title": "Micro-encapsulated aspirin (Levius) compared with aloxiprin (Palaprin Forte) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Micro-encapsulated aspirin (Levius) compared with aloxiprin (Palaprin Forte) in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A randomized crossover trial of micro-encapsulated aspirin (Levius) and aloxiprin (Palaprin Forte) was carried out on thirty-three hospital outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis. Both preparations improved the clincial status of the patients. The difference in response to the two preparations was not significant, except for effect on functional status where the micro-encapsulated aspirin was found to be significantly better at the 5% level. Apart from six complaints of constipation with aloxiprin compared with only one with Levius, the side-effects were similar. The trial has shown that Levius can be conveniently given in divided doses thrice daily without loss of efficacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026550"}
{"pmid": "1026552", "title": "Cysteamine, L-methionine and D-penicillamine in paracetamol poisoning.", "content": "Cysteamine, L-methionine and D-penicillamine in paracetamol poisoning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026552"}
{"pmid": "1026551", "title": "The use of methionine for acute paracetamol poisoning.", "content": "The use of methionine for acute paracetamol poisoning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026551"}
{"pmid": "1026547", "title": "A comparative clinical evaluation of a new topical steroid 'halcinonide' and hydrocortisone in steroid-responsive dermatoses.", "content": "A comparative clinical evaluation of a new topical steroid 'halcinonide' and hydrocortisone in steroid-responsive dermatoses. Fifty patients with symmetrical, bilateral lesions of psoriasis, eczematous dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, or neurodermatitis participated in a double-blind paired comparison study in which 0-1% halcinonide (in a cream formulation containing also neomycin and nystatin) was applied to the lesions on one side of the body and 1% hydrocortisone cream to those on the opposite side for two to three weeks. The number of excellent responses to therapy showed the halcinonide combination to be significantly superior (p less than 0-01) to the control cream in all diagnostic categories if considered collectively, and in psoriasis if the responses were grouped according to diagnosis. No adverse reactions occurred during the trial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026547"}
{"pmid": "1026553", "title": "A controlled trial of cysteamine in the treatment of acute paracetamol poisoning.", "content": "A controlled trial of cysteamine in the treatment of acute paracetamol poisoning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026553"}
{"pmid": "1026554", "title": "The use of cysteamine and dimercaprol.", "content": "The use of cysteamine and dimercaprol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026554"}
{"pmid": "1026555", "title": "Modification of paracetamol hepatotoxicity by anti-oxidants.", "content": "Modification of paracetamol hepatotoxicity by anti-oxidants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026555"}
{"pmid": "1026556", "title": "Fatal drug overdosage.", "content": "Fatal drug overdosage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026556"}
{"pmid": "1026557", "title": "Paracetamol, alpha-mercaptopropionyl glycine and some observations on the toxicity of protective agents.", "content": "Paracetamol, alpha-mercaptopropionyl glycine and some observations on the toxicity of protective agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026557"}
{"pmid": "1026538", "title": "Disopyramide in patients with ventricular premature beats: an experimental model and preliminary results.", "content": "Disopyramide in patients with ventricular premature beats: an experimental model and preliminary results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026538"}
{"pmid": "1026558", "title": "Why paracetamol?", "content": "Why paracetamol?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026558"}
{"pmid": "1026559", "title": "Isolation and identification of paracetamol metabolites.", "content": "Isolation and identification of paracetamol metabolites. A comparison has been made of the urinary metabolites of volunteers who had taken therapeutic doses of paracetamol with those of persons who had taken an overdose in an attempt to highlight the metabolic changes associated with massive doses. The main technique for examining urine samples was two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. Other chromatographic techniques were used for the isolation and purification of metabolites. The urinary metabolites after a therapeutic dose of paracetamol were identified as free paracetamol, paracetamol sulphate, 3-hydroxy-paracetamol-3-sulphate, 3-methoxy-paracetamol sulphate, paracetamol glucuronide, 3-methoxy-paracetamol glucuronide, paracetamol 3-cysteine conjugate and paracetamol 3-mercapturate. The same metabolites were also present in urine following overdosage but the proportions were quite different. There was particularly a big increase in the relative amounts of cysteine and mercapturic acid conjugates excreted. No new metabolites were found. The significance of these findings is briefly discussed in relation to the metabolism and toxicology of paracetamol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026559"}
{"pmid": "1026563", "title": "Packaging: can it help to reduce the incidence of poisoning?", "content": "Packaging: can it help to reduce the incidence of poisoning?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026563"}
{"pmid": "1026562", "title": "Self-poisoning and suicide due to paracetamol.", "content": "Self-poisoning and suicide due to paracetamol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026562"}
{"pmid": "1026560", "title": "Metabolism of paracetamol after therapeutic and hepatotoxic doses in man.", "content": "Metabolism of paracetamol after therapeutic and hepatotoxic doses in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026560"}
{"pmid": "1026561", "title": "Phenacetin and paracetamol.", "content": "Phenacetin and paracetamol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026561"}
{"pmid": "1026565", "title": "The paracetamol test-kit in practice.", "content": "The paracetamol test-kit in practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026565"}
{"pmid": "1026564", "title": "The development of a blood paracetamol estimation kit.", "content": "The development of a blood paracetamol estimation kit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026564"}
{"pmid": "1026567", "title": "The transient distribution of allele frequencies under mutation pressure.", "content": "The transient distribution of allele frequencies under mutation pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026567"}
{"pmid": "1026566", "title": "A theoretical approach to the management of paracetamol overdosage.", "content": "A theoretical approach to the management of paracetamol overdosage. Possible ways of treating paracetamol hepatotoxicity are briefly reviewed. This toxicity appears to be due to an oxidation metabolite which is normally detoxified by conjugation with glutathione, but when in excess, as in paracetamol overdosage, binds covalently to hepatic proteins to cause liver necrosis. Depletion of hepatic glutathione may also lead to other contributory disorders of cellular metabolism. Physical methods of preventing this would appear to be of little value, and treatments are being developed which aim to lessen the production of the toxic metabolite, antagonize its attachment to hepatic tissue or to combat this toxicity via basic cellular mechanisms. At this moment the most effective substances appear to be glutathione precursors and other compounds which interfere with oxidation of paracetamol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026566"}
{"pmid": "1026569", "title": "Distribution of crossing-over in mouse chromosomes.", "content": "Distribution of crossing-over in mouse chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026569"}
{"pmid": "1026568", "title": "Inheritance of Scottish-type resistance to warfarin in the Norway rat.", "content": "Inheritance of Scottish-type resistance to warfarin in the Norway rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026568"}
{"pmid": "1026571", "title": "Hitch-hiking effect - counter reply.", "content": "Hitch-hiking effect - counter reply.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026571"}
{"pmid": "1026570", "title": "RP4 fertility variants in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.", "content": "RP4 fertility variants in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026570"}
{"pmid": "1026572", "title": "The future status of the aged.", "content": "The future status of the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026572"}
{"pmid": "1026573", "title": "Designing with the elderly. A user needs survey for housing low-income senior citizens.", "content": "Designing with the elderly. A user needs survey for housing low-income senior citizens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026573"}
{"pmid": "1026576", "title": "Membership in different types of voluntary associations and psychological well-being.", "content": "Membership in different types of voluntary associations and psychological well-being.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026576"}
{"pmid": "1026575", "title": "Portrayal of the elderly in prescription drug advertising. A pilot study.", "content": "Portrayal of the elderly in prescription drug advertising. A pilot study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026575"}
{"pmid": "1026574", "title": "Treating the aged with psychotropic drugs.", "content": "Treating the aged with psychotropic drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026574"}
{"pmid": "1026579", "title": "Project V-strap. An evaluative study of workshops training the aged for community service.", "content": "Project V-strap. An evaluative study of workshops training the aged for community service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026579"}
{"pmid": "1026578", "title": "Observations of food acceptance by elderly women.", "content": "Observations of food acceptance by elderly women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026578"}
{"pmid": "1026577", "title": "M*A*S*H. A program of social interaction between institutionalized aged and adult mentally retarded persons.", "content": "M*A*S*H. A program of social interaction between institutionalized aged and adult mentally retarded persons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026577"}
{"pmid": "1026581", "title": "Impact of a friendly visiting program on attitudes of college students toward the aged.", "content": "Impact of a friendly visiting program on attitudes of college students toward the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026581"}
{"pmid": "1026580", "title": "Improving elderly clients' attitudes through photography.", "content": "Improving elderly clients' attitudes through photography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026580"}
{"pmid": "1026582", "title": "A previous incarnation of disengagement theory. An historical note.", "content": "A previous incarnation of disengagement theory. An historical note.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026582"}
{"pmid": "1026585", "title": "Alleviation of hospital cleaning problems.", "content": "Alleviation of hospital cleaning problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026585"}
{"pmid": "1026584", "title": "The patient's right to live or die.", "content": "The patient's right to live or die.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026584"}
{"pmid": "1026586", "title": "Changing patterns of child health.", "content": "Changing patterns of child health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026586"}
{"pmid": "1026587", "title": "Delivery unit equipment.", "content": "Delivery unit equipment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026587"}
{"pmid": "1026588", "title": "The National Association for the Welfare of Children in Hospital.", "content": "The National Association for the Welfare of Children in Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026588"}
{"pmid": "1026589", "title": "Fetal monitoring.", "content": "Fetal monitoring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026589"}
{"pmid": "1026591", "title": "CSSD services for specialised obstetrics.", "content": "CSSD services for specialised obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026591"}
{"pmid": "1026592", "title": "Baby care in the '70s.", "content": "Baby care in the '70s.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026592"}
{"pmid": "1026593", "title": "Special care baby units.", "content": "Special care baby units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026593"}
{"pmid": "1026595", "title": "New hope for heart sufferers.", "content": "New hope for heart sufferers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026595"}
{"pmid": "1026597", "title": "Mechanised cleaning.", "content": "Mechanised cleaning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026597"}
{"pmid": "1026596", "title": "Wessex RHA--report of the Regional Ambulance Officer.", "content": "Wessex RHA--report of the Regional Ambulance Officer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026596"}
{"pmid": "1026598", "title": "Patient administration.", "content": "Patient administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026598"}
{"pmid": "1026599", "title": "Testing a chair for violent patients.", "content": "Testing a chair for violent patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026599"}
{"pmid": "1026600", "title": "A fresh look at frozen foods.", "content": "A fresh look at frozen foods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026600"}
{"pmid": "1026601", "title": "Current developments in health planning (Scotland).", "content": "Current developments in health planning (Scotland).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026601"}
{"pmid": "1026602", "title": "Locating staff.", "content": "Locating staff.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026602"}
{"pmid": "1026604", "title": "Thoughts on progress.", "content": "Thoughts on progress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026604"}
{"pmid": "1026603", "title": "Preventing cross-infection.", "content": "Preventing cross-infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026603"}
{"pmid": "1026605", "title": "The case of the porcelain gallbladder.", "content": "The case of the porcelain gallbladder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026605"}
{"pmid": "1026606", "title": "In both Venezuela and Peru, 'simplified medicine' is goal.", "content": "In both Venezuela and Peru, 'simplified medicine' is goal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026606"}
{"pmid": "1026609", "title": "Medical discipline: everybody's business.", "content": "Medical discipline: everybody's business.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026609"}
{"pmid": "1026611", "title": "Food for thought.", "content": "Food for thought.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026611"}
{"pmid": "1026607", "title": "Cancer of the esophagus: the case for irradiation.", "content": "Cancer of the esophagus: the case for irradiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026607"}
{"pmid": "1026610", "title": "Portugal's doctors accept revolution and prosper.", "content": "Portugal's doctors accept revolution and prosper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026610"}
{"pmid": "1026614", "title": "Training black MDs.", "content": "Training black MDs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026614"}
{"pmid": "1026613", "title": "Biologic energy crisis.", "content": "Biologic energy crisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026613"}
{"pmid": "1026608", "title": "Immunotherapeutic approaches to skin cancer.", "content": "Immunotherapeutic approaches to skin cancer. Topical application of a relatively low concentration of one or more agents to which the patient has previously been sensitized can mobilize cell-mediated immune systems at the site of neoplastic or premalignant lesions. Such treatment has proved to be effective against both primary and metastatic skin lesions. It is also suggested that dermatologic experience may provide a model for other cancer immunotherapies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026608"}
{"pmid": "1026615", "title": "A hot wind from the North.", "content": "A hot wind from the North.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026615"}
{"pmid": "1026612", "title": "Thrombocytopenia and cancer chemotherapy.", "content": "Thrombocytopenia and cancer chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026612"}
{"pmid": "1026590", "title": "The organisation of a paediatric unit.", "content": "The organisation of a paediatric unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026590"}
{"pmid": "1026617", "title": "Influenza: the vaccines.", "content": "Influenza: the vaccines. The extreme antigenic lability of the influenza A viruses accounts for the less-than-ideal immune responses to them. With a possible swine flu pandemic in the offing, the \"vaccine strategy\" required is critical, particularly as the medical and public health communities in the United States embark on the first systematic attempt in history to blunt preemptively the impact of a pandemic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026617"}
{"pmid": "1026620", "title": "How basic is basic science.", "content": "How basic is basic science.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026620"}
{"pmid": "1026619", "title": "Recognition and management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.", "content": "Recognition and management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Since alcoholism is not only widespread but often cryptic, the index of suspicion for the withdrawal syndrome in an unfamiliar patient should be high, particularly since failure to diagnose it is common and can eventuate fatally. Yet the signs and symptoms are consistent. A staged approach to the diagnosis is outlined and principles are given for the use of sedation and other therapeutic measures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026619"}
{"pmid": "1026618", "title": "The case of the pulmonary mycetoma.", "content": "The case of the pulmonary mycetoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026618"}
{"pmid": "1026621", "title": "Alcohol in toxic congestive cardiomyopathy.", "content": "Alcohol in toxic congestive cardiomyopathy. Though ethyl alcohol is known to be one of the exogenous toxins that can directly damage the myocardium, nonalcoholic additives to alcoholic beverages (as well as poor nutrition or viral infection) may also play a role in cardiomyopathy. The authors note the interesting fact that, unlike the liver, the heart does not contain an alcohol dehydrogenase and thus lacks a possible protective mechanism against alcohol's toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026621"}
{"pmid": "1026616", "title": "Childhood immunizations.", "content": "Childhood immunizations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026616"}
{"pmid": "1026625", "title": "The 'excellence' deception in medicine.", "content": "The 'excellence' deception in medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026625"}
{"pmid": "1026594", "title": "Arjo baby bath.", "content": "Arjo baby bath.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026594"}
{"pmid": "1026622", "title": "Influenza: the disease and its complications.", "content": "Influenza: the disease and its complications. Among the complications (fortunately relatively few), pneumonias are by far the most common, with about one half resulting from pneumococcal invasion. In the acutely ill, multiple antibiotic therapy may have to be initiated pending definitive etiologic diagnosis. Also, in epidemic or pre-epidemic situations, special measures are advocated for hospitals, since influenza so rapidly becomes the dominant nosocominal infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026622"}
{"pmid": "1026624", "title": "Insulin resistance in obesity.", "content": "Insulin resistance in obesity. The insulin resistance seen in obesity, which is characterized by elevated basal levels of insulin and an exaggerated insulin response to such stimuli as glucose ingestion, was thought to be related to another common characteristic of obesity--enlargement of the fat cell. Now, recent studies suggest that the enlarged fat cell is not the major source of insulin insensitivity in obesity and may, in fact, be the victim of the insulin-resistant state.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026624"}
{"pmid": "1026623", "title": "The case of the ulcerated colon.", "content": "The case of the ulcerated colon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026623"}
{"pmid": "1026626", "title": "A 'supreme court' for science?", "content": "A 'supreme court' for science?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026626"}
{"pmid": "1026628", "title": "The crazy, hairy, naked ape.", "content": "The crazy, hairy, naked ape.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026628"}
{"pmid": "1026627", "title": "The management of obesity.", "content": "The management of obesity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026627"}
{"pmid": "1026630", "title": "Will the real Abraham Flexner please rise up.", "content": "Will the real Abraham Flexner please rise up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026630"}
{"pmid": "1026631", "title": "Rational management of peptic ulcer disease.", "content": "Rational management of peptic ulcer disease. If the goal of treatment is healing of the ulcer, then success is usually achieved - repeatedly. In order to avoid recurring episodes, it is essential that both the physician and the patient learn to regard the ulcer as the result of a chronic disease process. This means that management becomes a lifelong undertaking, with antacids and meals used according to schedules that keep gastric pH above ulcerogenic levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026631"}
{"pmid": "1026629", "title": "Common complaints of the elderly.", "content": "Common complaints of the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026629"}
{"pmid": "1026632", "title": "The case of the echo-free cyst.", "content": "The case of the echo-free cyst.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026632"}
{"pmid": "1026634", "title": "Early warning.", "content": "Early warning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026634"}
{"pmid": "1026583", "title": "Clinical engineering in the hospital.", "content": "Clinical engineering in the hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026583"}
{"pmid": "1026633", "title": "Middle ear disease in children.", "content": "Middle ear disease in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026633"}
{"pmid": "1026636", "title": "Simultaneous occurrence of leprosy and pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Simultaneous occurrence of leprosy and pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026636"}
{"pmid": "1026635", "title": "Surgical management of the elderly.", "content": "Surgical management of the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026635"}
{"pmid": "1026637", "title": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to sulfuno (sulfamoxole).", "content": "Stevens-Johnson syndrome due to sulfuno (sulfamoxole).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026637"}
{"pmid": "1026641", "title": "Adenylate cyclase of mycobacteria.", "content": "Adenylate cyclase of mycobacteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026641"}
{"pmid": "1026639", "title": "Fibrolipoma of the bronchus.", "content": "Fibrolipoma of the bronchus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026639"}
{"pmid": "1026640", "title": "Recurrent spontaneous bilateral pneumothoraces.", "content": "Recurrent spontaneous bilateral pneumothoraces.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026640"}
{"pmid": "1026645", "title": "Present day management of pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Present day management of pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026645"}
{"pmid": "1026644", "title": "Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) induced syndrome of lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) induced syndrome of lupus erythematosus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026644"}
{"pmid": "1026642", "title": "Fate of abacillary pulmonary tuberculosis cases.", "content": "Fate of abacillary pulmonary tuberculosis cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026642"}
{"pmid": "1026643", "title": "Rifampicin--ethambutol in retreatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Rifampicin--ethambutol in retreatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026643"}
{"pmid": "1026647", "title": "Giant intrathoracic fibroma.", "content": "Giant intrathoracic fibroma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026647"}
{"pmid": "1026646", "title": "Cluster patterns of liver deposits in lung cancer.", "content": "Cluster patterns of liver deposits in lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026646"}
{"pmid": "1026638", "title": "Simple lung function studies in silicosis amongst stone-cutters.", "content": "Simple lung function studies in silicosis amongst stone-cutters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026638"}
{"pmid": "1026648", "title": "Ocular toxicity with ethambutol in tuberculosis patients.", "content": "Ocular toxicity with ethambutol in tuberculosis patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026648"}
{"pmid": "1026649", "title": "Cutaneous reactions to isoniazid.", "content": "Cutaneous reactions to isoniazid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026649"}
{"pmid": "1026651", "title": "A note on incidence of gestational estrus in buffaloes and cattle.", "content": "A note on incidence of gestational estrus in buffaloes and cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026651"}
{"pmid": "1026650", "title": "A method of processing to infer and achieve the required number of motile spermatozoa post thaw, per dose of frozen semen.", "content": "A method of processing to infer and achieve the required number of motile spermatozoa post thaw, per dose of frozen semen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026650"}
{"pmid": "1026652", "title": "Protein content in the semen of Nali and Corriedale breeds of rams.", "content": "Protein content in the semen of Nali and Corriedale breeds of rams.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026652"}
{"pmid": "1026653", "title": "Studies on reproduction in camels (Camelus dromedarius). VII. The acid and the alkaline phosphatase activities of the seminal plasma.", "content": "Studies on reproduction in camels (Camelus dromedarius). VII. The acid and the alkaline phosphatase activities of the seminal plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026653"}
{"pmid": "1026654", "title": "Effect of light on reproductive organs of prebueral male rats.", "content": "Effect of light on reproductive organs of prebueral male rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026654"}
{"pmid": "1026655", "title": "Effect of off-season breeding on frequency of calving and calf mortality.", "content": "Effect of off-season breeding on frequency of calving and calf mortality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026655"}
{"pmid": "1026656", "title": "A note on the effect of cooling rate, temperature of storage and packing material on the livability of ram spermatozoa.", "content": "A note on the effect of cooling rate, temperature of storage and packing material on the livability of ram spermatozoa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026656"}
{"pmid": "1026657", "title": "Sperm akinesia in a Hallikar bull.", "content": "Sperm akinesia in a Hallikar bull.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026657"}
{"pmid": "1026659", "title": "Effect of season on the occurrence of oestrus and fertility in different breeds of sheep under semi-arid conditions.", "content": "Effect of season on the occurrence of oestrus and fertility in different breeds of sheep under semi-arid conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026659"}
{"pmid": "1026658", "title": "Influence of puberty and egg formation upon concentration of glycogen and total solids in the ovary and fallopian tube in WLH birds.", "content": "Influence of puberty and egg formation upon concentration of glycogen and total solids in the ovary and fallopian tube in WLH birds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026658"}
{"pmid": "1026663", "title": "Clinical statistical observations on in-patients at neuropsychiatric clinic of Hiroshima University Hospital in the last 15 years (1959-1973).", "content": "Clinical statistical observations on in-patients at neuropsychiatric clinic of Hiroshima University Hospital in the last 15 years (1959-1973).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026663"}
{"pmid": "1026665", "title": "Primary clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina. A case report.", "content": "Primary clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina. A case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026665"}
{"pmid": "1026666", "title": "Effect of carbohydrates on growth inhibition by D-mannosamine of glucosamine-requiring mutant cells of Chinese hamster lung cells.", "content": "Effect of carbohydrates on growth inhibition by D-mannosamine of glucosamine-requiring mutant cells of Chinese hamster lung cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026666"}
{"pmid": "1026668", "title": "Observations on spontaneous tumors in Wistar Furth strain rats.", "content": "Observations on spontaneous tumors in Wistar Furth strain rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026668"}
{"pmid": "1026667", "title": "Parallel variation of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of man.", "content": "Parallel variation of homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026667"}
{"pmid": "1026670", "title": "The Millis report and the real world.", "content": "The Millis report and the real world.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026670"}
{"pmid": "1026669", "title": "Sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes of atomic bomb survivors and of normal individuals exposed to radiation and chemical agents.", "content": "Sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral lymphocytes of atomic bomb survivors and of normal individuals exposed to radiation and chemical agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026669"}
{"pmid": "1026671", "title": "Preoperative consultation.", "content": "Preoperative consultation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026671"}
{"pmid": "1026675", "title": "Nurse-pharmacist teams screen for hypertension.", "content": "Nurse-pharmacist teams screen for hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026675"}
{"pmid": "1026672", "title": "Need for retrievable record of what prescriber tells patient about a drug.", "content": "Need for retrievable record of what prescriber tells patient about a drug.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026672"}
{"pmid": "1026673", "title": "DEA official explains stand on computerization of prescription records.", "content": "DEA official explains stand on computerization of prescription records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026673"}
{"pmid": "1026674", "title": "Achieving patient cooperation in the treatment of hypertension.", "content": "Achieving patient cooperation in the treatment of hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026674"}
{"pmid": "1026676", "title": "The malpractice crisis today: II. Medical-legal implications of prescribing.", "content": "The malpractice crisis today: II. Medical-legal implications of prescribing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026676"}
{"pmid": "1026677", "title": "Some current problems in therapy.", "content": "Some current problems in therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026677"}
{"pmid": "1026661", "title": "Malpractice: impact in California.", "content": "Malpractice: impact in California.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026661"}
{"pmid": "1026660", "title": "HSA'S.", "content": "HSA'S.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026660"}
{"pmid": "1026662", "title": "All you ever wanted to know about PL 93-641.", "content": "All you ever wanted to know about PL 93-641.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026662"}
{"pmid": "1026678", "title": "The pharmacist's responsibility to determine limitations on prescribing.", "content": "The pharmacist's responsibility to determine limitations on prescribing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026678"}
{"pmid": "1026680", "title": "Organizing and managing for change in the health environment.", "content": "Organizing and managing for change in the health environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026680"}
{"pmid": "1026679", "title": "Academic clinical pharmacology: a forecast for 1985.", "content": "Academic clinical pharmacology: a forecast for 1985.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026679"}
{"pmid": "1026681", "title": "Facing the inevitable: the physician's supportive role in the death of a child.", "content": "Facing the inevitable: the physician's supportive role in the death of a child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026681"}
{"pmid": "1026682", "title": "Public standards for drugs: reflections on their use by the professions and industry.", "content": "Public standards for drugs: reflections on their use by the professions and industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026682"}
{"pmid": "1026684", "title": "Reorganizing the FDA: Editorial Board comments.", "content": "Reorganizing the FDA: Editorial Board comments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026684"}
{"pmid": "1026683", "title": "The differences in costs to hospitals and prices to patients for pharmaceutical products and services.", "content": "The differences in costs to hospitals and prices to patients for pharmaceutical products and services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026683"}
{"pmid": "1026685", "title": "A survey of pharmaceutical services to skilled nursing facilities.", "content": "A survey of pharmaceutical services to skilled nursing facilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026685"}
{"pmid": "1026686", "title": "The neglect of the tease.", "content": "The neglect of the tease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026686"}
{"pmid": "1026687", "title": "Pharmacist improvement of patient compliance.", "content": "Pharmacist improvement of patient compliance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026687"}
{"pmid": "1026688", "title": "Drug regulatory problems in smaller countries.", "content": "Drug regulatory problems in smaller countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026688"}
{"pmid": "1026692", "title": "One institution's rules for investigational drugs.", "content": "One institution's rules for investigational drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026692"}
{"pmid": "1026691", "title": "FDA urged to establish \"provisional approval\" system for new drugs.", "content": "FDA urged to establish \"provisional approval\" system for new drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026691"}
{"pmid": "1026689", "title": "Self-treatment with antibiotics.", "content": "Self-treatment with antibiotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026689"}
{"pmid": "1026695", "title": "A system for the delivery of radiopharmaceutical services.", "content": "A system for the delivery of radiopharmaceutical services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026695"}
{"pmid": "1026693", "title": "Radiopharmacy: the challenge of an emerging specialty.", "content": "Radiopharmacy: the challenge of an emerging specialty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026693"}
{"pmid": "1026694", "title": "Quality radiopharmaceuticals: a goal within reach.", "content": "Quality radiopharmaceuticals: a goal within reach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026694"}
{"pmid": "1026697", "title": "An efficient radiopharmaceutical record-keeping system.", "content": "An efficient radiopharmaceutical record-keeping system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026697"}
{"pmid": "1026699", "title": "Physician-pharmacist conflict over drug therapy: a pharmacy policy statement.", "content": "Physician-pharmacist conflict over drug therapy: a pharmacy policy statement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026699"}
{"pmid": "1026696", "title": "Hazards of radioisotope storage: severe damage caused by two equipment failures.", "content": "Hazards of radioisotope storage: severe damage caused by two equipment failures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026696"}
{"pmid": "1026690", "title": "FDA problems with medications in the marketplace: II.", "content": "FDA problems with medications in the marketplace: II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026690"}
{"pmid": "1026703", "title": "Pharmacy service in a 106-bed hospital.", "content": "Pharmacy service in a 106-bed hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026703"}
{"pmid": "1026701", "title": "The interpretation of standards.", "content": "The interpretation of standards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026701"}
{"pmid": "1026700", "title": "A form and procedure to streamline intravenous piggyback production.", "content": "A form and procedure to streamline intravenous piggyback production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026700"}
{"pmid": "1026702", "title": "Job satisfaction: a review.", "content": "Job satisfaction: a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026702"}
{"pmid": "1026704", "title": "Medication error reports.", "content": "Medication error reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026704"}
{"pmid": "1026706", "title": "The pharmacist as part of a rehabilitation team.", "content": "The pharmacist as part of a rehabilitation team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026706"}
{"pmid": "1026705", "title": "Comparison of methods and costs of preparing intravenous piggyback solutions.", "content": "Comparison of methods and costs of preparing intravenous piggyback solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026705"}
{"pmid": "1026708", "title": "Medication error reports.", "content": "Medication error reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026708"}
{"pmid": "1026709", "title": "Curriculum development model for a coordinated undergraduate program in dietetics within a health science center.", "content": "Curriculum development model for a coordinated undergraduate program in dietetics within a health science center.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026709"}
{"pmid": "1026710", "title": "Allied health education: who is responsible? Who is to pay?", "content": "Allied health education: who is responsible? Who is to pay?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026710"}
{"pmid": "1026712", "title": "The utilization of the family in the rehabilitation of the chronically ill patient: some new perspectives for the allied health professional.", "content": "The utilization of the family in the rehabilitation of the chronically ill patient: some new perspectives for the allied health professional.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026712"}
{"pmid": "1026711", "title": "Lifelong education: one health-care institution's approach.", "content": "Lifelong education: one health-care institution's approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026711"}
{"pmid": "1026713", "title": "A statewide cooperative approach to health manpower planning.", "content": "A statewide cooperative approach to health manpower planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026713"}
{"pmid": "1026714", "title": "Student selection: logic or lottery.", "content": "Student selection: logic or lottery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026714"}
{"pmid": "1026715", "title": "An interdisciplinary approach to the education of health professional students.", "content": "An interdisciplinary approach to the education of health professional students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026715"}
{"pmid": "1026721", "title": "Health systems agencies: implications and prospects for the allied health professions.", "content": "Health systems agencies: implications and prospects for the allied health professions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026721"}
{"pmid": "1026716", "title": "Interpersonal skills development in health professions education.", "content": "Interpersonal skills development in health professions education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026716"}
{"pmid": "1026718", "title": "Lifelong learning: a systematic approach to continuing education for schools of allied health.", "content": "Lifelong learning: a systematic approach to continuing education for schools of allied health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026718"}
{"pmid": "1026717", "title": "Four characteristics for regional continuing education in medical allied health.", "content": "Four characteristics for regional continuing education in medical allied health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026717"}
{"pmid": "1026719", "title": "Transference and countertransference: implications for health care systems discontinuity.", "content": "Transference and countertransference: implications for health care systems discontinuity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026719"}
{"pmid": "1026720", "title": "Measuring the costs of clinical education in departments utilizing allied health professionals.", "content": "Measuring the costs of clinical education in departments utilizing allied health professionals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026720"}
{"pmid": "1026722", "title": "Core curriculum revisited.", "content": "Core curriculum revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026722"}
{"pmid": "1026728", "title": "Tumor conference \"8: squamous-cell carcinoma of the ear with regional metastases.", "content": "Tumor conference \"8: squamous-cell carcinoma of the ear with regional metastases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026728"}
{"pmid": "1026730", "title": "Removal of a hairy nevus on the buttocks.", "content": "Removal of a hairy nevus on the buttocks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026730"}
{"pmid": "1026729", "title": "Capsule dermatopathology: metastatic carcinoma from the breast vs. fibrosing (morphea-like) basal-cell carcinoma.", "content": "Capsule dermatopathology: metastatic carcinoma from the breast vs. fibrosing (morphea-like) basal-cell carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026729"}
{"pmid": "1026731", "title": "Focus on melanoma: the therapeutic dilemma of lentigo maligna (Hutchinson's freckle).", "content": "Focus on melanoma: the therapeutic dilemma of lentigo maligna (Hutchinson's freckle).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026731"}
{"pmid": "1026732", "title": "Diagnostic problems related to lesions under and around fingernails.", "content": "Diagnostic problems related to lesions under and around fingernails.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026732"}
{"pmid": "1026734", "title": "Technique of biopsy of nails.", "content": "Technique of biopsy of nails.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026734"}
{"pmid": "1026735", "title": "Fingertip injuries and a plea for the nail.", "content": "Fingertip injuries and a plea for the nail. Wounds involving the nail bed should be covered immediately by an autograft, a homograft or a heterograft to prevent dystrophy and loss of sensation. The author's technique in performing such grafts is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026735"}
{"pmid": "1026733", "title": "Biopsy of the proximal nail fold in collagen diseases.", "content": "Biopsy of the proximal nail fold in collagen diseases. A research procedure used to study proximal rail folds in connective tissue diseases is described. The technique is simple and one that is suitable and agreeable to patients. It affords study of tissue from the proximal nail fold in three different ways, namely, light microscopy with histochemistry, electron microscopy, and direct immunofluorescence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026733"}
{"pmid": "1026736", "title": "Ungual prostheses.", "content": "Ungual prostheses. Adhesives and surgical techniques are of limited value in the fixation of ungual prostheses. A finger-cover prosthesis that allows excellent fixation and good cosmetic result is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026736"}
{"pmid": "1026737", "title": "The surgical treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis.", "content": "The surgical treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis. Surgical removal of the gland-bearing skin of the axillae as a reasonable management of axillary hyperhidrosis is described. The principle, according to the techniques of Skoog, is to peel back, not excise, the hairy zone of the axillary skin and to resect all the hyperfunctioning glandular layer on the deeper face of the dermis without damaging the dermal vascularization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026737"}
{"pmid": "1026738", "title": "Replacement of scalp hair by attachment to suture implants.", "content": "Replacement of scalp hair by attachment to suture implants. A series of 1426 hair implants were performed by the author over a period of five years. Complications which were encountered are elaborated on in this article. The method is, nevertheless, an acceptable procedure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026738"}
{"pmid": "1026739", "title": "A new disposable punch for use in hair transplantation.", "content": "A new disposable punch for use in hair transplantation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026739"}
{"pmid": "1026767", "title": "Nutrition labelling in the United States of America.", "content": "Nutrition labelling in the United States of America.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026767"}
{"pmid": "1026769", "title": "Dietitians of the future. 2: from the hospital to the community.", "content": "Dietitians of the future. 2: from the hospital to the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026769"}
{"pmid": "1026768", "title": "Nutrition survey of an old people's home in a London borough.", "content": "Nutrition survey of an old people's home in a London borough.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026768"}
{"pmid": "1026770", "title": "Dietitians of the future. 3: thoughts of a science graduate.", "content": "Dietitians of the future. 3: thoughts of a science graduate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026770"}
{"pmid": "1026771", "title": "Problems presented by components of drug vehicles.", "content": "Problems presented by components of drug vehicles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026771"}
{"pmid": "1026772", "title": "Teeth, fluorine, and human nutrition.", "content": "Teeth, fluorine, and human nutrition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026772"}
{"pmid": "1026773", "title": "The moonstone: more about selenium.", "content": "The moonstone: more about selenium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026773"}
{"pmid": "1026774", "title": "Psychological and social considerations in breast feeding.", "content": "Psychological and social considerations in breast feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026774"}
{"pmid": "1026777", "title": "The practical management and establishment of breast feeding.", "content": "The practical management and establishment of breast feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026777"}
{"pmid": "1026776", "title": "Difficulties and discouragements encountered by mothers.", "content": "Difficulties and discouragements encountered by mothers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026776"}
{"pmid": "1026775", "title": "Breast feeding as seen in general medical practice.", "content": "Breast feeding as seen in general medical practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026775"}
{"pmid": "1026778", "title": "Promoting breast feeding in Glasgow: 1. In the hospital.", "content": "Promoting breast feeding in Glasgow: 1. In the hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026778"}
{"pmid": "1026784", "title": "Ileocystoplasty.", "content": "Ileocystoplasty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026784"}
{"pmid": "1026779", "title": "Promoting breast feeding in Glasgow: 2. In the community.", "content": "Promoting breast feeding in Glasgow: 2. In the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026779"}
{"pmid": "1026787", "title": "The HMO and the private psychiatric hospital.", "content": "The HMO and the private psychiatric hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026787"}
{"pmid": "1026786", "title": "Influence of funding on course of treatment: The fortuitous result of endsetting.", "content": "Influence of funding on course of treatment: The fortuitous result of endsetting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026786"}
{"pmid": "1026780", "title": "The contribution of the health visitor.", "content": "The contribution of the health visitor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026780"}
{"pmid": "1026782", "title": "The lay organisations: 2. The Nursing Mothers' Association of Australia.", "content": "The lay organisations: 2. The Nursing Mothers' Association of Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026782"}
{"pmid": "1026783", "title": "The value of inversion radiography (invertography) in the assessment of anorectal malformation.", "content": "The value of inversion radiography (invertography) in the assessment of anorectal malformation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026783"}
{"pmid": "1026781", "title": "The lay organisations: 1. The Breastfeeding Promotion Group of the National Childbirth Trust.", "content": "The lay organisations: 1. The Breastfeeding Promotion Group of the National Childbirth Trust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026781"}
{"pmid": "1026785", "title": "Tuberculosis of spine (caries spine)", "content": "Tuberculosis of spine (caries spine)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026785"}
{"pmid": "1026788", "title": "Consumers and PL 93-641.", "content": "Consumers and PL 93-641.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026788"}
{"pmid": "1026789", "title": "Trans-cultural psychiatry: a statistical study of psychiatric treatment in India and the United States.", "content": "Trans-cultural psychiatry: a statistical study of psychiatric treatment in India and the United States.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026789"}
{"pmid": "1026790", "title": "Informed consent in the care of psychiatric patients.", "content": "Informed consent in the care of psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026790"}
{"pmid": "1026791", "title": "Studies on pulmonary complications due to cardiopulmonary bypass. I. Role of two traumatic blood elements in the lung of the dog with cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Studies on pulmonary complications due to cardiopulmonary bypass. I. Role of two traumatic blood elements in the lung of the dog with cardiopulmonary bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026791"}
{"pmid": "1026792", "title": "Studies on pulmonary complications due to cardiopulmonary bypass. II. Pulmonary changes after cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs.", "content": "Studies on pulmonary complications due to cardiopulmonary bypass. II. Pulmonary changes after cardiopulmonary bypass in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026792"}
{"pmid": "1026793", "title": "Chronic arsenical poisoning due to environmental pollution. Seven cases among inhabitants near an abandoned mine.", "content": "Chronic arsenical poisoning due to environmental pollution. Seven cases among inhabitants near an abandoned mine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026793"}
{"pmid": "1026794", "title": "Diagnostic significance of the evoked electrical responses in  neurological diseases. I. Somatosensory evoked responses.", "content": "Diagnostic significance of the evoked electrical responses in  neurological diseases. I. Somatosensory evoked responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026794"}
{"pmid": "1026795", "title": "Diagnostic significance of the evoked electrical responses in neurological diseases. II. Orbicularis oculi reflex.", "content": "Diagnostic significance of the evoked electrical responses in neurological diseases. II. Orbicularis oculi reflex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026795"}
{"pmid": "1026796", "title": "Renal cell carcinoma with high level of serum alkaline phosphatase containing variant isoenzyme.", "content": "Renal cell carcinoma with high level of serum alkaline phosphatase containing variant isoenzyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026796"}
{"pmid": "1026797", "title": "A new mobile image intensifier and operating table to facilitate surgery.", "content": "A new mobile image intensifier and operating table to facilitate surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026797"}
{"pmid": "1026798", "title": "Study of some epidemiological changes in some areas under leprosy control programme in Maharashtra.", "content": "Study of some epidemiological changes in some areas under leprosy control programme in Maharashtra.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026798"}
{"pmid": "1026799", "title": "Carrier state in leprosy.", "content": "Carrier state in leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026799"}
{"pmid": "1026800", "title": "Childhood leprosy--study of prevalence rates and clinical aspects through surveys in Bombay.", "content": "Childhood leprosy--study of prevalence rates and clinical aspects through surveys in Bombay. This paper summarises the experience gained through extensive surveys of school children carried out in Greater Bombay over the past five years. The strikingly high proportion of children of 6 to 14 years age group suffering from leprosy attending the Acworth Leprosy Hospital and its peripheral clinic prompted these surveys. While surveys of 10% of child population attending randomly selected municipal schools revealed a general prevalence rate of 3 per 1000, there existed pockets of endemicity of the order of 10.8 per 1000, in some schools situated in the northern suburbs of the city. Even private schools catering to the not-so-poor sections of the community showed prevalence rates of over 6 per 1000, confirming the hyperendemicity of leprosy in Bombay city, with no socioeconomic or age group immune from exposure. Clinical observations of 1265 leprosy cases identified in the course of the above surveys covering a total population of nearly 1.8 lakhs of school children are presented. 24.7% of the cases had either the potential to develop into progressive forms of leprosy in view of the multiplicity of lesions or were already in an advanced stage of the disease. Polyneuritic leprosy together with intermediate and lepromatous types representing 5.8% of all cases (24 cases were confirmed to be smear positive) belonged to the groups posing therapeutic as well as public health problems. Analysis of 953 cases with single lesions revealed greater frequency of distribution (58.4%) of patches in parts of the body which are generally covered. It is striking that 26.4% of the solitary lesions was found in the gluteal regions and thighs, emphasising the need for thorough examinations of these parts during surveys.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026800"}
{"pmid": "1026801", "title": "Inactivation and relapse in bacterio-negative cases of leprosy under sulphone therapy: a 4 1/2 years follow-up.", "content": "Inactivation and relapse in bacterio-negative cases of leprosy under sulphone therapy: a 4 1/2 years follow-up. Bacterio-negative leprosy cases become inactive in a short period under regular and adequate DDS treatment and this period is shorter in females. The progress is uneventful and is not influenced by factors like age, extent of disease, deformity status etc. The risk of relapse in bacterio-negative leprosy cases is not high though it increases with passing of time. The risk of relapse tends to be higher in cases with extensive disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026801"}
{"pmid": "1026802", "title": "An evaluation of the self administration of DDS in Gudiyatham Taluk.", "content": "An evaluation of the self administration of DDS in Gudiyatham Taluk. This study using the dapsone/creatinine (D/C) ratio was undertaken to find out how many of the patients attending the Village Clinics were actually taking the DDS tablets. The Urine D/C ratio was estimated in 35 patients who were receiving a supervised daily dosage of either 50 or 100 mgs of DDS. The D/C ratio was also estimated in 100 out patients who were on either 50 or 100 mgs of dapsone. It was determined that 72% of this group had taken DDS in the previous 24 hours. It was also seen that the 55 patients who were receiving 100 mgs of DDS had taken 79.3% of their dapsone dosage, and the 45 patients receiving 50 mgs of DDS had taken 96% of their dosage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026802"}
{"pmid": "1026804", "title": "The pharmacological aspects and the therapeutic effects of clofazimine.", "content": "The pharmacological aspects and the therapeutic effects of clofazimine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026804"}
{"pmid": "1026803", "title": "Pain and itch in leprosy.", "content": "Pain and itch in leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026803"}
{"pmid": "1026805", "title": "An open trial with clofazimine in the management of recurrent lepra reaction using thalidomide as a control drug.", "content": "An open trial with clofazimine in the management of recurrent lepra reaction using thalidomide as a control drug.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026805"}
{"pmid": "1026806", "title": "Experiences with clofazimine therapy in leprosy.", "content": "Experiences with clofazimine therapy in leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026806"}
{"pmid": "1026809", "title": "Experience with the combination of clofazimine (Lamprene) and long-term steroid therapy in the treatment of leprosy.", "content": "Experience with the combination of clofazimine (Lamprene) and long-term steroid therapy in the treatment of leprosy. A study was undertaken in 14 patients and 20 controls to find out if Lamprene can prevent a flare-up of the infection with Myco. leprae in patients who are on long-term steroid therapy on account of persistent reaction or neuritis. All patients were lepromatus (LL). The average duration of treatment was 21 months for the patients on Lamprene combined with steroids and 22 months for the patients on Lamprene only. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the reduction of either the MI (morphological index) or BI (bacteriological index). It appears that long-term steroids therapy has no adverse effect on the bacteriological decline in lepromatous patients provided that they are treated with Lamprene at the same time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026809"}
{"pmid": "1026808", "title": "Experiences in treatment of histoid cases with clofazimine.", "content": "Experiences in treatment of histoid cases with clofazimine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026808"}
{"pmid": "1026807", "title": "Clinical trial with clofazimine in leprosy.", "content": "Clinical trial with clofazimine in leprosy. This paper summarises our clinical experience with clofazimine in the treatment of 25 cases of reactive states of lepromatous and borderline leprosy and 7 lepromatous patients not responding to dapsone. Corticosteroids, which had to be given for the control of reactions, could be withdrawn and daspone therapy reintroduced during the period of administration of clofazimine. A schedule for the management of moderately severe reactions is recommended. The results of clofazimine treatment were also equally impressive in the group of patients, possibly harbouring dapsone resistant bacilli (in view of their lack of improvement in spite of administration of dapsone under controlled conditions). Clinical regression was associated with a fall in the mean levels of morphological index from 6.8 to 0.5. The need to realise the real indications of this highly useful drug in the treatment of leprosy is stressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026807"}
{"pmid": "1026810", "title": "Side effects of clofazimine therapy.", "content": "Side effects of clofazimine therapy. 84 patients of leprosy including 15 female patients were treated with Clofzimine on a predetermined dosage regimen. 76 of these were cases of recurrent lepra reaction; 4 cases of proven DDS resistance, 3 of these being complicated by lepra reaction; and 4 were cases of reactional state in Borderline leprosy near the lepromatous end of the spectrum. The common side effect in all cases consisted of red and dark skin pigmentation of varying intensity occuring within 10 weeks of the commencement of therapy. The intensity of the colour was proportionate to the density of the infiltration. Ichthyosis occurred in 66.6% of cases. While the pigmentation was accepted by the patients in general, 10% of the patients considered ichthyosis as stigmatising. While side effects like anorexia, diarrhoea, enlargement of lymph glands and liver, corneal xerosis and loss of weight were self correcting, severe gastrointestinal manifestation, i.e. severe abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhoea were observed in 9 patients, 5 of whom were females. Mortality was high in the females. On an incidental finding the Isonizair reduced the severity of the manifestations, it was supplemented in 10 cases on Clofazimine therapy and was found to minimise the side effects and the pigmentation due to Clofazimine. Hydration therapy for the ichthyosis and instillation of normal saline and liquid paraffin for corneal xerosis were found to be very useful.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026810"}
{"pmid": "1026811", "title": "Quantitative estimation of clofazimine in tissue.", "content": "Quantitative estimation of clofazimine in tissue. The histological examination and the chemical estimation of clofazimine in the organs removed at autopsy of a patient receiving the drug indicated the accumulation of the drug in the organs of the reticulo-endothelial system and those having a large number of macrophages. The clofazimine levels in the skin from patients receiving the drug and those in whom the drug had been stopped for different periods of time were compared. The skin levels of clofazimine bore a direct relationship to the size of the granuloma. A slow elimination of the drug from the tissues was indicated by the presence of traces of the skin tissue even 1-2 years after stopping the drug. The clinical implication of these findings are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026811"}
{"pmid": "1026812", "title": "Development of plantar ulcers in 3 groups of patients with plantar anaesthesia.", "content": "Development of plantar ulcers in 3 groups of patients with plantar anaesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026812"}
{"pmid": "1026813", "title": "A study of management of post-operative complications in intrinsic replacement of hand operations in leprosy through physiotherapeutic method.", "content": "A study of management of post-operative complications in intrinsic replacement of hand operations in leprosy through physiotherapeutic method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026813"}
{"pmid": "1026815", "title": "Surgical management of acute trunk nerve neuritis in leprosy.", "content": "Surgical management of acute trunk nerve neuritis in leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026815"}
{"pmid": "1026814", "title": "An analysis of causes of injuries in workers with leprosy and suggestions for preventive measures.", "content": "An analysis of causes of injuries in workers with leprosy and suggestions for preventive measures. A study of 20 workers undergoing social and vocational rehabilitation and of 30 patients receiving treatment in Ulcer Ward reveals bio-social data and endeavours to uncover the causes of injuries to anaesthetic areas. Suggestions are put forward for prevention of injuries which often lead to ulcers and these suggestions are examined in the light of short trials of various methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026814"}
{"pmid": "1026816", "title": "A preliminary clinical trial of rifampicin in leprosy.", "content": "A preliminary clinical trial of rifampicin in leprosy. A single dose of 1500 mg. of rifampicin failed to make the lepromatous leprosy patients non-infective by using mouse foot-pad technique. It is essential to extend the trial further.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026816"}
{"pmid": "1026817", "title": "Clinical recognition and therapeutic confirmation of sulphone resistant leprosy patients.", "content": "Clinical recognition and therapeutic confirmation of sulphone resistant leprosy patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026817"}
{"pmid": "1026820", "title": "National Leprosy Control Programme--a critical assessment.", "content": "National Leprosy Control Programme--a critical assessment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026820"}
{"pmid": "1026818", "title": "Morphological index in untreated cases of leprosy.", "content": "Morphological index in untreated cases of leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026818"}
{"pmid": "1026819", "title": "Ways and means of proper implementation of National Leprosy Control Programme.", "content": "Ways and means of proper implementation of National Leprosy Control Programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026819"}
{"pmid": "1026822", "title": "Importance of systematic school survey in urban leprosy control.", "content": "Importance of systematic school survey in urban leprosy control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026822"}
{"pmid": "1026825", "title": "Health education in rural area.", "content": "Health education in rural area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026825"}
{"pmid": "1026821", "title": "Assessment of leprosy control work of the Santhal Pahadia Seva Mandal, Deoghar.", "content": "Assessment of leprosy control work of the Santhal Pahadia Seva Mandal, Deoghar.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026821"}
{"pmid": "1026823", "title": "Case detection through school surveys in Greater Bombay.", "content": "Case detection through school surveys in Greater Bombay. Of the 55,502 students examined 214 were found to be suffering from leprosy, the case-detection rate being 3.9 per 1000. Age of the students showed no relation to the occurrence of leprosy. Sex of the student was significant. Leprosy was more common among the male students. Leprosy rate amongst Tamil and Urdu speaking students was significanlty more than amongst Marathi and other language groups. 98% of cases were tuberculoid, 2% cases intermediate and nil lepromatous. 4% of cases were bacteriologically positive. Over 99% of cases were without deformity 86% of cases were in early stages. In a significant number of leprosy cases the single lesion (presumably initial lesion) was on the covered parts of the body.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026823"}
{"pmid": "1026824", "title": "Rehabilitation of leprosy patients--a realistic approach.", "content": "Rehabilitation of leprosy patients--a realistic approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026824"}
{"pmid": "1026826", "title": "Role of health educator in leprosy control.", "content": "Role of health educator in leprosy control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026826"}
{"pmid": "1026827", "title": "The field problems of leprosy workers.", "content": "The field problems of leprosy workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026827"}
{"pmid": "1026828", "title": "Field problems of leprosy workers in India.", "content": "Field problems of leprosy workers in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026828"}
{"pmid": "1026829", "title": "Study on defaulters in the treatment of leprosy.", "content": "Study on defaulters in the treatment of leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026829"}
{"pmid": "1026830", "title": "Integrated surveys as a tool for early case detection in leprosy control programme.", "content": "Integrated surveys as a tool for early case detection in leprosy control programme. A project for total leprosy case detection particularly early leprosy cases was undertaken in Wardha District which has a rural population of about 6 lacs in 905 villages, through an integrated survey with the help of all health workers like Leprosy Technicians, Sanitary Inspectors, Co-ordinators, Malaria Workers, Smallpox Vaccinators and Auxillary Nurse Midwives. The training given to the Non Leprosy Health Worker was for a period of 3 days making them just fit to suspect all leprosy cases. The final diagnosis was to be made by the fully trained Leprosy Technicians. The surveys were conducted in batches of 3 to 4 workers. Surveys were conducted for 4 weeks at a stretch and working for 5 days every week. Every year two such integrated surveys were conducted. From November 1973 to December 1975, four such surveys were undertaken. During the other period, Leprosy Technicians were conducting the normal surveys. It was found that through these integrated survey it is possible to undertake the survey of all the villages once in two years and the case detection rate at the end of the 4th survey was found to be 85.5% of the estimated cases in the rural areas. Normally, it would have taken about 5 years to complete the survey of all the villages by the Leprosy Technicians alone, and the case detection rate could not have been more than 70 to 75%. Through this programme, Leprosy patients in every early stages have been detected. The paper discusses the methods, planning and the results obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026830"}
{"pmid": "1026849", "title": "Molecular weight variation among bacterial flagellins.", "content": "Molecular weight variation among bacterial flagellins. The molecular weights of flagellins from 29 bacterial strains from 11 genera were investigated using the technique of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. The molecular weights range from 28,600 for Bacillus sphaericus to 63,200 for one strain of Escherichia coli. Variation in molecular weight was observed not only between genera but also between different species of a genus and different strains of a species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026849"}
{"pmid": "1026839", "title": "Constituents of West African medicinal plants. XVI. Griffonin and Grriffonilide, novel constituents of Griffonia simplicifolia.", "content": "Constituents of West African medicinal plants. XVI. Griffonin and Grriffonilide, novel constituents of Griffonia simplicifolia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026839"}
{"pmid": "1026840", "title": "The cytotoxic flavonoids of Lychnophora affinis.", "content": "The cytotoxic flavonoids of Lychnophora affinis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026840"}
{"pmid": "1026850", "title": "Purification and location of the major glycoprotein of vaccinia virus.", "content": "Purification and location of the major glycoprotein of vaccinia virus. A glycoprotein component of vaccinia virus was extracted with a non-ionic detergent NP-40 (Nonidet P-40) and purified by gel chromatography. The single antigen extracted by the detergent had a molecular weight estimated between 100,000 and 200,000 daltons. This glycoprotein was found to contain less than 1% hexosamine which would correspond to 5--10 sugar residues per molecule. Antibodies produced against this glycoprotein were able to neutralize vaccinia virus. Using immunoelectron microscopy, this molecule was found to be located in the outer layer of the virion. These results further suggest that this protein called complex E (for external) is a surface component of vaccinia virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026850"}
{"pmid": "1026842", "title": "Rutaceous constituents. Part 7. The total synthesis of 11-Hydroxynoracronycine, a constituent of Atalantia ceylanica and a metabolite of acronycine in the guinea pig.", "content": "Rutaceous constituents. Part 7. The total synthesis of 11-Hydroxynoracronycine, a constituent of Atalantia ceylanica and a metabolite of acronycine in the guinea pig.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026842"}
{"pmid": "1026851", "title": "Topological features of membranes from Staphylococcus aureus and Acholeplasma laidlawii.", "content": "Topological features of membranes from Staphylococcus aureus and Acholeplasma laidlawii. Topological and ultrastructural features of membranes from walled and wall-less bacterial cells were compared by examining membranes from Staphylococcus aureus and Acholeplasma laidlawii. Osmotic lysis of protoplasts of S. aureus or cells of A. laidlawii produced membrane vesicles or large membrane fragments, but alumina grinding or sonication of these protoplasts or cells produced much smaller particles whose morphologic origin was difficult to determine. Disrupted membranes from either organism were covered with ribosomes from 15 to 30 nm diameter adhering almost exclusively to the inside of the vesicles or fragments. Membranes were similar in thickness and possessed 5--6 nm globular knobs which were not on stalks, not highly ordered, and easily differentiated from the negative-stained background. Although the globular knobs were regularly visible on membrane sheets from S. aureus, they were seen on A. laidlawii membrane vesicles only rarely unless the membrane vesicles were treated with 0.01% saponin or 90% (v/v) cold acetone, which extracted lipids and glycolipids from the membrane vesicles. Membrane vesicles from lysed cells of A. laidlawii showed a widespread distribution of circular pits about 10 nm deep and at least 20-30 nm across, not seen in lysed protoplast membranes of S. aureus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026851"}
{"pmid": "1026841", "title": "Thalidine, a new isopavine alkaloid from Thalictrum dioicum.", "content": "Thalidine, a new isopavine alkaloid from Thalictrum dioicum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026841"}
{"pmid": "1026855", "title": "On the relationship between the activity of acetylation, growth of experimental tumors and efficacy of their suppression by hydrazine sulphate.", "content": "On the relationship between the activity of acetylation, growth of experimental tumors and efficacy of their suppression by hydrazine sulphate. The growth of experimental tumors was found to involve an intensification of acetylation of sulphadimidine. Inhibition of carcinosarcoma Walker-256 by 88% and sarcoma-180 by 36% on treatment with 60 mg/kg body weight of hydrazine sulphate was followed by decreases in the rate of acetylation of 39.4 and 29.4%, respectively. When treatment failed to suppress tumor growth (sarcoma-45), acetylation level showed no decrease. The results point to a correlation between growth of tumors and their inhibition on the one hand and the level of acetylation on the other.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026855"}
{"pmid": "1026852", "title": "The effect of cigarette smoke on aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity and cytochrome P450 content in rat liver and lung microsomes.", "content": "The effect of cigarette smoke on aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity and cytochrome P450 content in rat liver and lung microsomes. Levels of activity of the enzyme aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase and cytochrome P450 have been estimated in lung and liver of rats exposed to graded doses of cigarette smoke and in human bronchial mucosa of smokers, non-smokers and patients with lung cancer. Exposure of rats to smoke of four cigarettes increased both hepatic and pulmonary aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. Exposure to smoke of four cigarettes daily for seven and 14 days did not result in higher aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase levels in the liver than one day's exposure, but in the lung longer exposures caused greater increases in enzyme activity. Injection of benzo(a)pyrene at two dose levels caused a much greater increase in both liver and lung aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase than smoking. The lower dose maximally stimulated the enzyme in both organs. The changes in aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity were accompanied by significant increases in both liver weight and the cytochrome P450 content of liver microsomes but the increase in cytochrome P450 did not parallel those in aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. Of 40 surgical and autopsy specimens of human lung and tracheal mucosa from smokers, non-smokers and cancer patients, only one was found to have detectable aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity. The relationship between aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase induction by cigarette smoke in human tissues and the development of bronchogenic carcinoma in smokers remains unclear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026852"}
{"pmid": "1026853", "title": "In vitro inhibition of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase by heavy metals.", "content": "In vitro inhibition of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase by heavy metals. Inhibition of mouse hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylases (AHH), microsomal mixed-function oxidases was obtained with five bivalent metal chlorides. Concentrations ranged from 10(-6) to 10(-1) m. The enzyme system was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of a trioctanoin solution of 3-methylcholanthrene into C57B1/6J mice 24 hours before the hepatic AHH was measured. Activity was calculated as: ng of 3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene formed in 20 min at 37 degrees C per mg of protein. Cadmium was the most inhibitory of the metals tested. Zinc inhibited the enzyme system more than iron, manganese, or nickel. At 10(-4) m, ferrous ion slightly stimulated the activity, but at 10(-5) and 10(-3) m, it was inhibitory. Manganese failed to stimulate the enzyme activity as reported by others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026853"}
{"pmid": "1026845", "title": "Isolation of 3,6-dimethoxy-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone from Acanthospermum glabratum.", "content": "Isolation of 3,6-dimethoxy-4',5,7-trihydroxyflavone from Acanthospermum glabratum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026845"}
{"pmid": "1026854", "title": "C'3 participation in the rejection of some experimental tumors.", "content": "C'3 participation in the rejection of some experimental tumors. The possibility that C'3 participates in tumor rejection was investigated in DBA/2 mice previously immunized against L1210 leukemia and in Swiss mice previously immunized against Ehrlich's adenocarcinoma. In both the cases, animals treated with an appropriate dose of cobra venom factor to produce a C'3 depletion for some days after the tumor challenge, developed the neoplasia and had a mortality rate analogous to that of non-immunized animals. Studies on the peritoneal washing cells obtained at different times after the challenge revealed that in C'3 depleted immunized mice IgM are present on lymphocytes, macrophages and tumor cells, as in the immunized controls, but no contract between the cells and no macrophage phagocytosis were observed and the number of tumor cells increased progressively. These findings indicate that C'3 is critically involved in the rejection of the experimental tumors considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026854"}
{"pmid": "1026857", "title": "The thiamin status of early cancer patients with particular reference to those with breast and bronchial carcinomas.", "content": "The thiamin status of early cancer patients with particular reference to those with breast and bronchial carcinomas. The thiamin status of early bronchial and breast carcinomas has been assessed using \"thiamin pyrophosphate\" (TPP) stimulating effect of transketolase enzyme activity. The TPP stimulating effect was found to be greater in a high proportion of the cancer patients than in normal subjects, suggesting that these patients may be at risk of thiamin deficiency. The urinary excretory level of thiamin was high in the cancer patients; it is, therefore, unlikely that the biochemical deficiency of the vitamin was due to lack of the vitamin intake. It is, however, possible that the cancer patients were unable to convert thiamin to thiamin pyrophosphate, the active form of the vitamin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026857"}
{"pmid": "1026844", "title": "A review of some biologically active compounds isolated from plants as reported in the 1974-1975 literature.", "content": "A review of some biologically active compounds isolated from plants as reported in the 1974-1975 literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026844"}
{"pmid": "1026843", "title": "Dihydroxyphysalin B: a new physalin from Physalis minima leaves.", "content": "Dihydroxyphysalin B: a new physalin from Physalis minima leaves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026843"}
{"pmid": "1026856", "title": "Experimental heterotransplantation of Detroit-6/VA/carcinomatous cells into the eyeball of hypercholesterolemic rabbits.", "content": "Experimental heterotransplantation of Detroit-6/VA/carcinomatous cells into the eyeball of hypercholesterolemic rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026856"}
{"pmid": "1026859", "title": "Enhancement of the antitumor effect of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea (BCNU) by phenylethylbiguanide (phenformin).", "content": "Enhancement of the antitumor effect of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea (BCNU) by phenylethylbiguanide (phenformin). Phenlethylbiguanide (phenformin) a commonly used antidiabetic medication has been found to enhance the antitumor effect of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea (BCNU) in advanced subcutaneously implanted murine L1210 leukemia. Enhancement required two doses of phenformin given twelve to 18 hours apart, the treatment starting either before or after BCNU administration. With BCNU alone median survival (MS) was 18 days with 5% cures. BCNU plus phenformin, in optimal dose and schedule, gave a MS of 25 days with 29% cures. Th mechanism of action of phenformin is unknown but may involve several established metabolic effects of this drug.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026859"}
{"pmid": "1026847", "title": "Cactus alkaloids. XXX. N-Methylated tyramines from Trichocereus spachianus. T. candicans, and Espostoa huanucensis.", "content": "Cactus alkaloids. XXX. N-Methylated tyramines from Trichocereus spachianus. T. candicans, and Espostoa huanucensis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026847"}
{"pmid": "1026858", "title": "Generalized osteoblastic bony metastases from medulloblastoma.", "content": "Generalized osteoblastic bony metastases from medulloblastoma. Osteoblastic bony metastases were observed in a case of medulloblastoma three years after surgery and radiation treatment. There was clinical response to COP therapy (cytoxin, oncovin, prednisone). Radiographic and isotopic bone scan study showed uniform increase in bone density. Serum calcium and phosphorous and acid phosphatase levels were normal. Alkaline phosphatase was elevated and declined with therapy without change in the bone appearance. This suggested an increase in bone deposition activity. However, no increase in calcitonin level was detected either during active disease or following a chemotherapy-induced remission.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026858"}
{"pmid": "1026848", "title": "Mass fragmentographic identification of O-Methylcorpalline in Pilosocereus guerreronis.", "content": "Mass fragmentographic identification of O-Methylcorpalline in Pilosocereus guerreronis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026848"}
{"pmid": "1026899", "title": "Is illness behavior related to chronicity in patients with intractable pain?", "content": "Is illness behavior related to chronicity in patients with intractable pain? One hundred patients, referred for the management of intractable pain, completed a 52-item Illness Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ). Responses were scored on 7 scales: general hypochondriasis, disease conviction, psychological versus somatic perception of illness, affective inhibition, affective disturbance, denial and irritability. IBQ scale profiles were used to study the relationship between chronicity of pain and pattern of illness behaviour reported. Except in the case of one scale, no significant correlation emerged. This overall lack of association between chronicity and illness behaviour remained even when the patient sample was restricted to those 20 patients having substantial organic pathology associated with their pain. These findings suggest that degree of chronicity is unlikely to play a major role in determining the illness behaviour manifested by patients with intractable pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026899"}
{"pmid": "1026900", "title": "Graphic representation of pain.", "content": "Graphic representation of pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026900"}
{"pmid": "1026902", "title": "Electrical stimulation of teeth.", "content": "Electrical stimulation of teeth. The technical problems of stimulating intact teeth in clinical diagnosis and in pain research are discussed. Bipolar stimulation has no advantage over monopolar stimulation for most applications. A 100 V constant current stimulator is suitable for monopolar stimulation of healthy teeth with a large electrode at about threshold intensity, but, for monopolar stimulation up to 150 micronA and for bipolar stimulation, very much higher voltages are required and no suitable instrument is available. Circuits are given for isolated 100 V and 1kV constant current stimulators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026902"}
{"pmid": "1026901", "title": "Diverse sensory functions with an almost totally divided spinal cord. A case of spinal cord transection with preservation of part of one anterolateral quadrant.", "content": "Diverse sensory functions with an almost totally divided spinal cord. A case of spinal cord transection with preservation of part of one anterolateral quadrant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026901"}
{"pmid": "1026903", "title": "Detection and decision factors in pain perception in young and elderly men.", "content": "Detection and decision factors in pain perception in young and elderly men. The effect of age on ability to discriminate between levels of electrical stimulation of tooth pulp and willingness to report shocks as painful was evaluated using the Sensory Decision Theory. While threshold did not increase with age for tooth pulp stimulation as is often observed for thermal pain thresholds, a significant age deficit in ability to discriminate between suprathreshold shocks was observed. Significant changes with age in willingness to report the electrical shocks as painful were also observed. These results indicate that changes with age in pain perception are complex, involving not only possible discrimination deficits but also changes in bias for and against labeling noxious events as painful. These findings stress the need for within individual comparisons of laboratory techniques for evoking acute pain experiences where variables such as age are under consideration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026903"}
{"pmid": "1026904", "title": "Release of platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine by plasma taken from patients during and between migraine attacks.", "content": "Release of platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine by plasma taken from patients during and between migraine attacks. Experiments were carried out in order to further delineate the pathophysiology of the fall of plasma 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) during a migraine attack. Platelets from normal subjects were incubated with 14C-labelled 5-HT, and the release of 5-HT was measured following exposure of these platelets to plasma taken from migraine patients during an attack or at headache-free intervals. Plasma taken during attacks released significantly more 5-HT. It is concluded that factor(s) exist in the serum during migraine attacks, which can cause 5-HT release from normal platelets. The identification of this factor may be important.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026904"}
{"pmid": "1026891", "title": "A field survey on ancylostomiasis in school children.", "content": "A field survey on ancylostomiasis in school children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026891"}
{"pmid": "1026888", "title": "Cord blood values on healthy newborn infant, born at the General Hospital \"Dr. Hasan Sadikin\", Bandung.", "content": "Cord blood values on healthy newborn infant, born at the General Hospital \"Dr. Hasan Sadikin\", Bandung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026888"}
{"pmid": "1026905", "title": "The language of pain: intensity.", "content": "The language of pain: intensity. Thirty-nine adjectives which may be used to describe a pain experience were rated on an \"intensity\" continuum by 93 subjects, and in a second study by an additional 90 subjects. In each study these ratings were intercorrelated and factor-analyzed. The first 6 factors extracted were rotated to a simple structure criterion. The first factor was identified as an \"intensity\" factor. Examination of the adjectives indicated that intensity relates to \"affective-evaluative\" adjectives rather than \"sensory\" ones. The implications of these findings for the language a patient may use to communicate the intensity of a pain are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026905"}
{"pmid": "1026889", "title": "Some rare causes of systemic hypertension in children (case report).", "content": "Some rare causes of systemic hypertension in children (case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026889"}
{"pmid": "1026890", "title": "First week mortality rate in low - birth - weight infants after phenobarbital treatment.", "content": "First week mortality rate in low - birth - weight infants after phenobarbital treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026890"}
{"pmid": "1026895", "title": "The result of Schick test among children in Bandung.", "content": "The result of Schick test among children in Bandung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026895"}
{"pmid": "1026892", "title": "Gram-negative infections and antibiotic usage in the Department of child health Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta.", "content": "Gram-negative infections and antibiotic usage in the Department of child health Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026892"}
{"pmid": "1026898", "title": "Physiotherapy in the treatment of asthmatic children in Bandung.", "content": "Physiotherapy in the treatment of asthmatic children in Bandung.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026898"}
{"pmid": "1026896", "title": "Cardiac complication due to diphtheria in the Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Banding.", "content": "Cardiac complication due to diphtheria in the Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Banding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026896"}
{"pmid": "1026894", "title": "Dengue haemorrhagic fever in Manado, North Sulawesi.", "content": "Dengue haemorrhagic fever in Manado, North Sulawesi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026894"}
{"pmid": "1026897", "title": "Bladder puncture in newborns--a bacteriological study.", "content": "Bladder puncture in newborns--a bacteriological study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026897"}
{"pmid": "1026916", "title": "Metastases from single as compared to repeated tumour cell doses.", "content": "Metastases from single as compared to repeated tumour cell doses. Tumour formation from single or repeated small i.v. tumour cell doses was studied in a syngeneic tumour-host system. Only marginal differences were observed between different dose schedules, once the critical cell dose level was surpassed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026916"}
{"pmid": "1026917", "title": "Experimental allergic sialoadenitis. IX. The regional lymph nodes after antigenic challenges of the parotid glands in rats.", "content": "Experimental allergic sialoadenitis. IX. The regional lymph nodes after antigenic challenges of the parotid glands in rats. The regional lymph nodes of the parotid gland of rats were examined histologically. The nodes were removed from untreated animals or rats given instillations of BSA or saline into the parotid duct. Anti-BSA antibodies were assessed in the saliva and serum. Patterns of reactivity of the lymph nodes did not correlate with the presence or absence of salivary and serum antibodies. The occurrence of antibodies in the saliva appears to reflect the activity of immunocytes residing in the parotid gland. The morphological features of the lymph nodes correspond to the overall immunological experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026917"}
{"pmid": "1026919", "title": "Plasma cell alterations in ulcerative colitis. An electron microscopic study.", "content": "Plasma cell alterations in ulcerative colitis. An electron microscopic study. Colon biopsies from 37 young patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) were investigated by electron microscopy with special regard to the inflammatory infiltrate of the lamina propria mucosae, which is characterized by lymphocytes, macrophages and plasma cells. There are close topographical relations between plasma cells and other inflammatory cells. In particular, different forms of plasma cells occur, which mainly differ in shape and contents of their rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The different degrees of development and dilatation of the RER express different functional states. The frequent occurrence of Russell bodies, Mott cells and necrobiotic plasma cells is explained as a--at least partial--pathologic alteration of plasma cells in UC. In context with recently published immunohistochemical findings these observations permit the assumption of an imbalance of the local Ig-system in UC.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026919"}
{"pmid": "1026918", "title": "Aortic endothelial and sub-endothelial lesions in early stages of experimental atherogenesis and in scurvy.", "content": "Aortic endothelial and sub-endothelial lesions in early stages of experimental atherogenesis and in scurvy. The endothelial and sub-endothelial lesions during early stages of experimental atherogenesis and scurvy have been studied by means of scanning EM and transmission EM, making use also of the Con-A reaction. The surface coat modifications were accompanied by formation of vacuoles in the endothelial cells and by sub-endothelial 'oedema', not only in rabbits fed a hypercholesterolic diet but also in scorbutic guinea pigs. The endothelial lesions were sometimes found even before clear modifications of the Con-A surface reactive layer were apparent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026918"}
{"pmid": "1026893", "title": "Sensitivity test of salmonella typhosa to chloramphenicol and trimethoprim--sulphamethoxazole.", "content": "Sensitivity test of salmonella typhosa to chloramphenicol and trimethoprim--sulphamethoxazole.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026893"}
{"pmid": "1026920", "title": "Note on the ultrastructure of the Guérin T-8 transplantable tumour.", "content": "Note on the ultrastructure of the Guérin T-8 transplantable tumour. The ultrastructure of the Guérin tumour T-8 is described. Although this transplantable tumour has its ancestry in an uterine adenocarcinoma, there is no more evidence of gland formation. Desmosomes, or any other form of cell attachment organelle, were totally absent. The tumour has now a very anaplastic sarcomatous appearance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026920"}
{"pmid": "1026940", "title": "[New strain of methylotrophic bacteria Pseudomonas oleovorans--a polysaccharide producer].", "content": "[New strain of methylotrophic bacteria Pseudomonas oleovorans--a polysaccharide producer]. A new strain of facultative-methylotrophic bacteria was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas oleovorans. The culture grew on the methanol-containing medium (up to 6%). In addition to methanol, bacterial growth was provided by different organic acids, multicarbon alcohols and carbohydrates. During growth bacteria synthesized extracellular polysaccharide (up to 400 mg/ml). The compound included glucose, galactose and xylose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026940"}
{"pmid": "1026949", "title": "Regulation of pancreatic exocrine secretion.", "content": "Regulation of pancreatic exocrine secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026949"}
{"pmid": "1026950", "title": "Action of ouabain, oligomycin, and glucagon on cultured heart cells treated with adriamycin.", "content": "Action of ouabain, oligomycin, and glucagon on cultured heart cells treated with adriamycin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026950"}
{"pmid": "1026952", "title": "Relationship between antiinflamatory and antiproteolytic properties of substituted oxothiazolylacetic acids.", "content": "Relationship between antiinflamatory and antiproteolytic properties of substituted oxothiazolylacetic acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026952"}
{"pmid": "1026953", "title": "Receptor involvement in monoamine control of thermoregulatory mechanisms in adult fowls.", "content": "Receptor involvement in monoamine control of thermoregulatory mechanisms in adult fowls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026953"}
{"pmid": "1026947", "title": "Operations for patients with nodular irradiated thyroids.", "content": "Operations for patients with nodular irradiated thyroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026947"}
{"pmid": "1026951", "title": "Observations on the \"in vitro\" oxidative N-demethylation of 4-(3, 3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-5-carboxamide (DIC, NSC 45388).", "content": "Observations on the \"in vitro\" oxidative N-demethylation of 4-(3, 3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-5-carboxamide (DIC, NSC 45388).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026951"}
{"pmid": "1026954", "title": "Comparison of cumulative and individual dose-response curves on the rat uterus of neurohypophyseal peptides.", "content": "Comparison of cumulative and individual dose-response curves on the rat uterus of neurohypophyseal peptides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026954"}
{"pmid": "1026945", "title": "Medical-scientific dilemmas of our third century.", "content": "Medical-scientific dilemmas of our third century.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026945"}
{"pmid": "1026948", "title": "Radiation and thyroid cancer.", "content": "Radiation and thyroid cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026948"}
{"pmid": "1026946", "title": "Radiation to the head, neck and upper thorax of the young, and thyroid neoplasia.", "content": "Radiation to the head, neck and upper thorax of the young, and thyroid neoplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026946"}
{"pmid": "1026955", "title": "Clinical significance of microsomal enzyme induction.", "content": "Clinical significance of microsomal enzyme induction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026955"}
{"pmid": "1026944", "title": "Thrombo-embolism.", "content": "Thrombo-embolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026944"}
{"pmid": "1026956", "title": "Some pharmacological actions of 3-methyl-4-nitro-furoxan.", "content": "Some pharmacological actions of 3-methyl-4-nitro-furoxan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026956"}
{"pmid": "1026957", "title": "Sarcoma 180 weight, DNA, and protein increase, depending on ARA-C schedule.", "content": "Sarcoma 180 weight, DNA, and protein increase, depending on ARA-C schedule.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026957"}
{"pmid": "1026958", "title": "Influence of repeated injections of estradiol during late pregnancy upon enzymes of monoamine metabolism and biosynthesis in the rat.", "content": "Influence of repeated injections of estradiol during late pregnancy upon enzymes of monoamine metabolism and biosynthesis in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026958"}
{"pmid": "1026959", "title": "Influence of thyroidectomy and compensatory treatment with L-thyroxine upon tissue glycogen stores during last part of pregnancy in the rat.", "content": "Influence of thyroidectomy and compensatory treatment with L-thyroxine upon tissue glycogen stores during last part of pregnancy in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026959"}
{"pmid": "1026960", "title": "Effect of phosvitin on smooth muscle 'in vitro'.", "content": "Effect of phosvitin on smooth muscle 'in vitro'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026960"}
{"pmid": "1026961", "title": "Steroid hormones, anti-inflammatory steroids and prostaglandins.", "content": "Steroid hormones, anti-inflammatory steroids and prostaglandins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026961"}
{"pmid": "1026962", "title": "Effect of glutathione on the liver and brain metabolism of anoxic rats.", "content": "Effect of glutathione on the liver and brain metabolism of anoxic rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026962"}
{"pmid": "1026963", "title": "Macromolecular drugs I: long-lasting antilipolytic activity of nicotinic acid bound to a polymer.", "content": "Macromolecular drugs I: long-lasting antilipolytic activity of nicotinic acid bound to a polymer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026963"}
{"pmid": "1026964", "title": "A simple raio-enzymatic determination of choline and acetylcholine concentrations.", "content": "A simple raio-enzymatic determination of choline and acetylcholine concentrations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026964"}
{"pmid": "1026965", "title": "Pharmacokinetics of Flavoxate in man.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics of Flavoxate in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026965"}
{"pmid": "1026966", "title": "Some new dithiolanes as radioprotective agents.", "content": "Some new dithiolanes as radioprotective agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026966"}
{"pmid": "1026967", "title": "Inhibition of gastric acid secretion by somatostatin and analogs in the rat.", "content": "Inhibition of gastric acid secretion by somatostatin and analogs in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026967"}
{"pmid": "1026969", "title": "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity by phenacetin and salicylamide.", "content": "Inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity by phenacetin and salicylamide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026969"}
{"pmid": "1026968", "title": "Further studies on the differential blockade of pressor responses in the rat.", "content": "Further studies on the differential blockade of pressor responses in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026968"}
{"pmid": "1026970", "title": "Effect of intrahypothalamic injection of methylic parathion and metasystox on food and water intake of normal and fasted rats.", "content": "Effect of intrahypothalamic injection of methylic parathion and metasystox on food and water intake of normal and fasted rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026970"}
{"pmid": "1026971", "title": "Plasma levels of digoxin in patients with atrial fibrillation and indications to the association with beta blockers.", "content": "Plasma levels of digoxin in patients with atrial fibrillation and indications to the association with beta blockers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026971"}
{"pmid": "1026972", "title": "Inhibiting effect of feprazone on \"in vitro\" human platelet aggregation.", "content": "Inhibiting effect of feprazone on \"in vitro\" human platelet aggregation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026972"}
{"pmid": "1026974", "title": "Effect of bendazac and phenylbutazone on polymerization of bovine serum albumin.", "content": "Effect of bendazac and phenylbutazone on polymerization of bovine serum albumin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026974"}
{"pmid": "1026973", "title": "Variations of plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels in the rat after administration of saline, chrystalloid and colloid solutions (1).", "content": "Variations of plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels in the rat after administration of saline, chrystalloid and colloid solutions (1).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026973"}
{"pmid": "1026976", "title": "Antagonistic effect of lithium chloride on l-dopa-induced locomotor activity in rats.", "content": "Antagonistic effect of lithium chloride on l-dopa-induced locomotor activity in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026976"}
{"pmid": "1026977", "title": "Effect of brain cortex phospholipids on catechol-amine content of mouse brain.", "content": "Effect of brain cortex phospholipids on catechol-amine content of mouse brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026977"}
{"pmid": "1026978", "title": "Antagonism of morphine-induced miosis by naloxone and amphetamine in rabbits.", "content": "Antagonism of morphine-induced miosis by naloxone and amphetamine in rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026978"}
{"pmid": "1026979", "title": "Stimulation bound ingestive behavior: a view from the tail.", "content": "Stimulation bound ingestive behavior: a view from the tail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026979"}
{"pmid": "1026975", "title": "Effect of clofibrate on biogenic amine level and turnover.", "content": "Effect of clofibrate on biogenic amine level and turnover.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026975"}
{"pmid": "1026981", "title": "Dissociation of behavioral inhibition within the fornix system.", "content": "Dissociation of behavioral inhibition within the fornix system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026981"}
{"pmid": "1026982", "title": "Effect of medial septal lesions on conditioned taste aversion in the rat.", "content": "Effect of medial septal lesions on conditioned taste aversion in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026982"}
{"pmid": "1026980", "title": "Fixed-ratio level pressing by VMH rats: work vs accessibility of sucrose reward.", "content": "Fixed-ratio level pressing by VMH rats: work vs accessibility of sucrose reward.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026980"}
{"pmid": "1026985", "title": "Role of gastric acid in restraint-induced ulceration in the rat.", "content": "Role of gastric acid in restraint-induced ulceration in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026985"}
{"pmid": "1026984", "title": "Intracerebral implantation of progesterone: re-examination of the brain sites responsible for facilitation of sexual receptivity in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats.", "content": "Intracerebral implantation of progesterone: re-examination of the brain sites responsible for facilitation of sexual receptivity in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026984"}
{"pmid": "1026986", "title": "Stimulation in infancy: unique effects of handling.", "content": "Stimulation in infancy: unique effects of handling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026986"}
{"pmid": "1026987", "title": "Involvement of vagal activity in the unconditioned heart-rate responses of restrained rats.", "content": "Involvement of vagal activity in the unconditioned heart-rate responses of restrained rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026987"}
{"pmid": "1026988", "title": "Copulatory behavior in male rats with lesions in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.", "content": "Copulatory behavior in male rats with lesions in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026988"}
{"pmid": "1026989", "title": "Sexual behavior of the naive male mouse as affected by the presence of a male and a female performing mating behavior.", "content": "Sexual behavior of the naive male mouse as affected by the presence of a male and a female performing mating behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026989"}
{"pmid": "1026992", "title": "Multidimensional scaling of musks.", "content": "Multidimensional scaling of musks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026992"}
{"pmid": "1026994", "title": "Adjunctive behavior and smoking induced by a maze solving schedule in humans.", "content": "Adjunctive behavior and smoking induced by a maze solving schedule in humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026994"}
{"pmid": "1026990", "title": "Dependence of polyethylene glycol-induced dipsogenesis on intravascular fluid volume depletion.", "content": "Dependence of polyethylene glycol-induced dipsogenesis on intravascular fluid volume depletion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026990"}
{"pmid": "1026991", "title": "Apomorphine-induced restoration of drinking to thirst challenges in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats.", "content": "Apomorphine-induced restoration of drinking to thirst challenges in 6-hydroxydopamine-treated rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026991"}
{"pmid": "1026993", "title": "Genetic analysis of schedule induced polydipsia.", "content": "Genetic analysis of schedule induced polydipsia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026993"}
{"pmid": "1026995", "title": "Locus coeruleus lesions and learning in the rat.", "content": "Locus coeruleus lesions and learning in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026995"}
{"pmid": "1026996", "title": "Use of oral antibiotics in studies of ingestive behavior in rats.", "content": "Use of oral antibiotics in studies of ingestive behavior in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026996"}
{"pmid": "1026997", "title": "Aftereffects of rewarding lateral hypothalamic brain stimulation and feeding behavior.", "content": "Aftereffects of rewarding lateral hypothalamic brain stimulation and feeding behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026997"}
{"pmid": "1026998", "title": "The relationship of home cage feeding behavior to acquisition of schedule-induced polydipsia in the rat.", "content": "The relationship of home cage feeding behavior to acquisition of schedule-induced polydipsia in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026998"}
{"pmid": "1026999", "title": "An avian experimental environment for the study of social behavior.", "content": "An avian experimental environment for the study of social behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1026999"}
{"pmid": "1027056", "title": "Editorial...", "content": "Editorial...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027056"}
{"pmid": "1027059", "title": "The decline and early fall of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage.", "content": "The decline and early fall of neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage. Seven years' experience (1965-1972) with neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage at the University of Colorado was reviewed. Pulmonary hemorrhage still occurs frequently as a preterminal event in hyaline membrane disease. As an isolated \"pure\" entity, however, pulmonary hemorrhage has shown a marked decline. This phenomenon is probably related to advances in neonatal intensive care. The radiographic pattern of \"pure\" pulmonary hemorrhage in the newborn is most commonly a diffuse alveolar infiltrate. Since pure hemorrhage is now an uncommon entity, the radiologist can reasonably suggest this diagnosis on rare occasions only, in the clinical setting of profound hypoxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027059"}
{"pmid": "1027057", "title": "The esophagus in collagen disease. Radiologic findings.", "content": "The esophagus in collagen disease. Radiologic findings. A prospective cineradiographic and manometric study of pharyngeal and esophageal dysfunction was performed in 54 patients with rigidly defined scleroderma, polymyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis. Cineradiography was inaccurate in pharyngeal dysfunctions specific for polymyositis. Manometry was an accurate but insensitive test. Manometry was also significantly more accurate than cineradiography in identifying patients with smooth muscle dysfunction (scleroderma). Cineradiographic finding of absent esophageal peristalsis accurately identified patients with scleroderma but it identified only a small percentage (33 percent). Cineradiography finding of diminished esophageal peristalsis was found in scleroderma (23 percent), polymyositis, (30 percent), and SLE (11 percent) and has been reported in rheumatoid arthritis. This finding is a non specific finding suggestive of collagen vascular disease rather than specific for scleroderms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027057"}
{"pmid": "1027060", "title": "Complete interruption of the aorta in Noonan's syndrome.", "content": "Complete interruption of the aorta in Noonan's syndrome. A patient is presented who lived to age 60 with complete interruption of the aorta associated with Noonan's syndrome. On chest x-ray there were calcified mediastinal masses and bilateral rib notching. Angiography demonstrated complete interruption of the aorta with markedly dilated tortuous intercostal arteries. The roentgenographic studies are correlated with the surgical and pathological findings. Noonan's syndrome is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027060"}
{"pmid": "1027064", "title": "Percutaneous cholangiography with the Chiba University needle: a new, safe, and accurate method in the diagnosis of cholestatic syndromes.", "content": "Percutaneous cholangiography with the Chiba University needle: a new, safe, and accurate method in the diagnosis of cholestatic syndromes. A modified technique of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography utilizing the Chiba University needle is described. This new technique employs injection of dye through a thin flexible 22 gauge needle with a short bevel while it is slowly withdrawn under a fluoroscopic monitoring. The results of several investigators are reviewed and indicate that failure to visualize the biliary radicals with the Chiba University needle virtually rules out extrahepatic obstruction. It is anticipated that this technique will replace the traditional sheathed needle cholangiography as a diagnostic modality in the evaluation of the jaundiced patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027064"}
{"pmid": "1027062", "title": "Evaluation of intracranial aneurysms by computed tomography.", "content": "Evaluation of intracranial aneurysms by computed tomography. Useful information has been gained by review of eight cases of intracranial aneurysm demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) and correlation with cerebral angiograms. The angiograms demonstrated one or multiple aneurysms, the precise location of the aneurysm, and presence of arterial spasm. The CT scan can delineate the full size of the aneurysm when the sac has been partially obliterated by thrombus, the presence of hematoma, infarction, hydrocephalus, and intraventricular and subarachnoid hemorrhage. These associated features are more difficult to evaluate by angiography alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027062"}
{"pmid": "1027063", "title": "Radiographic evaluation of patency of interposition mesocaval shunts.", "content": "Radiographic evaluation of patency of interposition mesocaval shunts. The technique of side-to-side mesocaval anastomosis with the interposition of a prosthetic graft was described in 1970. We report the result of venographic evaluation of patency of this type of shunt in our patients. Demonstration of an unoccluded graft; resistance to retrograde injection of dye against the blood stream into the superior mesenteric vein; rapid clearing of dye from superior mesenteric vein following injection and \"lamellar flow defect\" in the vena cava above the site of anastomosis during vena cavogram, were considered criteria of patency of the interposition mesocaval shunt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027063"}
{"pmid": "1027065", "title": "Radiologic differential diagnosis. Radiologic pattern: solitary cavity.", "content": "Radiologic differential diagnosis. Radiologic pattern: solitary cavity. The differential diagnosis of a left lower lobe cavity in this young patient with a history of productive cough should include hiatal hernia, pulmonary abscess, bronchiectatic cyst and bronchopulmonary sequestration. Hiatal hernia should be ruled out by barium swallow; acute pulmonary abscess by the lack of a history suggestive of a necrotizing pneumonia; bronchiectasis by bronchogram; and intralobar bronchopulmonary sequestration should be confirmed by aortography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027065"}
{"pmid": "1027055", "title": "Changes in cell age cohort composition of tumors and normal tissues by radiation and chemotherapy.", "content": "Changes in cell age cohort composition of tumors and normal tissues by radiation and chemotherapy. The cell cycle is now known to be important in normal and tumor tissue and to be altered by a variety of states and therapies. The fact that there is considerable normal variation in cell ages or age cohorts present in both normal and tumor tissues has only recently been widely appreciated. These differ in normal, malignant, young and adult tissues. They are also greatly perturbed by radiation or chemotherapeutic injury. How to combine multi-modality therapy to optimize tumor control using available agents while sparing normal tissues is a problem for the future of cancer therapy and radiation oncology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027055"}
{"pmid": "1027066", "title": "The normal axial relationship of the wrist.", "content": "The normal axial relationship of the wrist. The normal axial relationship of 360 wrists was measured. The results differ from those previously published in the radiological literature. The difference may be explained by the small series' size or inadequate technical criteria used in previous studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027066"}
{"pmid": "1027069", "title": "The radiologic hypertensive evaluation.", "content": "The radiologic hypertensive evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027069"}
{"pmid": "1027068", "title": "The masquerading effect of Paget's disease.", "content": "The masquerading effect of Paget's disease. The record and roentgen findings in a patient with Paget's disease with coexisting multiple myeloma have been presented. Their rare or even unique association is recorded to refresh ones recollection that patients with Paget's disease may be host to a second disease, which if recognized, may be of inestimable profit to the medical care and comfort of the patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027068"}
{"pmid": "1027061", "title": "Neoplastic involvement of terminal digits masquerading clinically as benign disease.", "content": "Neoplastic involvement of terminal digits masquerading clinically as benign disease. Two patients with primary and four with metastatic distal phalangeal lesions in whom a wrong diagnosis of benign disease was initially made are presented with a brief review of the literature and a discussion of the clinico-radiographic features. Primary phalangeal lesions may be either epidermoid carcinoma or malignant melanoma are are often confused with paronychia, while most metastatic lesions are due to pulmonary or breast cancer and simulate a felon clinically. Primary nail bed lesions are characterized radiographically by external cortical erosions; metastatic lesions tend to show a diffuse demineralization and extensive destruction of the whole digit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027061"}
{"pmid": "1027070", "title": "Kaposi's sarcoma in bone: a case report with unusual radiographic findings and an abnormal radioisotope scan.", "content": "Kaposi's sarcoma in bone: a case report with unusual radiographic findings and an abnormal radioisotope scan. The authors present a case report of Kaposi's sarcoma involving the bones of the forearm, wrist, and hand. Typical features of rarefaction, osteoporosis, cysts, and cortical erosions were present. Rarely seen changes of a bubbly expansion of the lesions and periosteal reaction were also present. This is the first radioisotope bone scan reported in Kaposi's sarcoma to the author's knowledge. The literature about osseous manifestations of Kaposi's sarcoma is reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027070"}
{"pmid": "1027071", "title": "An argument for epinephrine renal arteriography in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma.", "content": "An argument for epinephrine renal arteriography in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. Two cases are presented where the diagnosis would have been missed or would have been very difficult with selective angiography only; the use of the epinephrine technique made these renal cell carcinomas obvious. The authors feel that epinephrine should be used in the presence of all renal masses to exclude or confirm the presence of renal cell carcinoma if this is not already obvious by selective arteriography alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027071"}
{"pmid": "1027072", "title": "Theoretical considerations in the use of contrast media for computed cranial tomography.", "content": "Theoretical considerations in the use of contrast media for computed cranial tomography. The impressive results obtained by the use of iodinated contrast media, particularly when administered by drip infusion technique, led us to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of the method. An originally non-invasive examination has progressively evolved into a quasiinvasive examination in the majority of cases, and our results appear to justify such a trend.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027072"}
{"pmid": "1027096", "title": "A coxsackievirus type A24 epidemic of acute conjunctivitis.", "content": "A coxsackievirus type A24 epidemic of acute conjunctivitis. The 1975 epidemic of acute conjunctivitis was caused by the return of S.E.C. 1970 virus (CA24). The clinical manifestations of cases seen in the recent epidemic were similar to those seen during the 1970 epidemic caused by S.E.C. 1970 virus (CA24) and the 1971 epidemic caused by S.E.C. 1971 virus (entero-virus type 70). In our opinion, both the S.E.C. 1970 VIRUS (CA24) and S.E.C. 1971 virus (enterovirus type 70) are equally important causes of epidemics of acute conjunctivitis more commonly known as the  \"Acute Haemorrhagic Conjunctivitis\". Although these two enteroviruses affect mainly the eye, apart from conjunctival secretions, they could be transmitted in respiratory droplets and faeces. The authors would prefer to retain the term \"Picornavirus Epidemic Conjunctivitis\" to denote infection by S.E.C. 1970 virus (CA24) and S.E.C. 1971 virus (enterovirus type 70).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027096"}
{"pmid": "1027097", "title": "Acquired toxoplasmosis in Malaysia.", "content": "Acquired toxoplasmosis in Malaysia. Two cases of acquired toxoplasmosis in asymptomatic Malaysian patients are described. In both instances the diagnosis was first made on the finding of the Piringer-Kuchinka reaction in excised lymph nodes from these patients and serological studies further confirmed the presence of hihg toxoplasmic antibody titres. The characteristic histological features of toxoplasmic lymphadenitis are discussed. Diagnosis and management of the disease are briefly reviewed with emphasis that the importance of diagnosing this disease goes beyond the establishment of a mostly self-limiting, clinically unimportant protozoan infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027097"}
{"pmid": "1027098", "title": "A study of the noise hazard in selected industries in the Philippines.", "content": "A study of the noise hazard in selected industries in the Philippines. A study was made to evaluate the noise hazard in certain industries of the country. Evaluation was made by measuring the noise levels at the work sites of different establishments and the hearing acuity of workers in the textile mill and the steel plant. It was found that noise levels were quite high varying from 86 to 119 decibels. Most of the energies of noise were centered in the middle and high frequencies denoting potential danger to the hearing apparatus. Audiometric results revealed hearing losses for workers exposed to excessive noise even when corrected for age. This suggests that the hearing defects were noise-induced. As a consequence of the results it is necessary for the industries surveyed to institute hearing conservation programs to protect the health and welfare of the workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027098"}
{"pmid": "1027099", "title": "Acarine ectoparasites of small mammals in Jakarta, Indonesia.", "content": "Acarine ectoparasites of small mammals in Jakarta, Indonesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027099"}
{"pmid": "1027100", "title": "Immunological means of separating third-stage larvae of Ancylostoma tubaeforme and A. caninum.", "content": "Immunological means of separating third-stage larvae of Ancylostoma tubaeforme and A. caninum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027100"}
{"pmid": "1027101", "title": "Serum vitamin B12 level in pregnancy.", "content": "Serum vitamin B12 level in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027101"}
{"pmid": "1027102", "title": "Echinocephalus uncinatus in Pentapodus setosus (threadfin bream), a marine fish caught from the Gulf of Thailand.", "content": "Echinocephalus uncinatus in Pentapodus setosus (threadfin bream), a marine fish caught from the Gulf of Thailand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027102"}
{"pmid": "1027104", "title": "Growth and localization of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the molluscan host, Achatina fulica.", "content": "Growth and localization of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the molluscan host, Achatina fulica. The development of the rat lung worm  Angiostrongylus cantonensis within the giant African snail Achatina fulica is reported. In this host, ingested first stage larvae penetrate the intestinal wall into the hemocoel and migrate to the mantle where they undergo two molts and become third stage larvae within 24 days. The mantle, harboring 85% of the total number recovered is the major location of infective larvae. The kidney contains about 11% but few larvae are found in the remaining visceral organs. Host response consists of encapsulation; destruction by means of phagocytosis was not observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027104"}
{"pmid": "1027103", "title": "Experimental attempts to induce ocular infection in cats with subperiodic Brugia malayi.", "content": "Experimental attempts to induce ocular infection in cats with subperiodic Brugia malayi. In an attempt to determine whether the finding of human ocular lesions due to B. malayi was due to the site of entry of the infective larvae, cats were infected via ocular instillation, subconjunctival inoculation, subcutaneous inoculation around and infective mosquito bites over the eyes. Although no conjunctival lesion was seen patent infections were produced via ocular instillation, subconjunctival and subcutaneous inoculation of infective larvae. Adult worms were also recovered from periorbital tissues. Adult worms were localized mainly in the lymphatic system of the head and neck regions of the cat. The results show that the conjunctival lesions seen in humans could be due to the site of bite of the mosquito and thus the entry of the infective larvae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027103"}
{"pmid": "1027105", "title": "The freshwater snail lymnaea rubiginosa as an experimental host of Angiostrongylus malaysiensis: a preliminary report.", "content": "The freshwater snail lymnaea rubiginosa as an experimental host of Angiostrongylus malaysiensis: a preliminary report. Preliminary studies have shown that Lymnaea rubiginosa, a common fresh-water snail in Peninsular Malaysia, which is easily colonized and reared in the laboratory, is a capable experimental intermediate host for Angiostrongylus malaysiensis. Overall 73% of the snails tested became infected following 6 hours exposure to infective rat faeces. Higher infection rates, up to 100%, and heavier worm loads, occurred among the larger sized snails. Snail attrition was low except when very heavy worm loads were acquired.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027105"}
{"pmid": "1027106", "title": "The bandicoot rat, a new host record for Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Indonesia.", "content": "The bandicoot rat, a new host record for Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Indonesia. A survey for Angiostrongylus cantonensis in possible definitive and intermediate hosts was conducted in Ancol, Jakarta. Adult worms were found in 43% of bandicoot rats, Bandicota indica setifera, in 14% of Rattus rattus diardii and 36% of the Achatina fulica were infected with larval forms of the parasite. The finding of the parasite in the bandicoot rat constitutes a new host record for Indonesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027106"}
{"pmid": "1027107", "title": "Morphology of Ancylostoma buckleyi Le Roux and Biocca, 1957 in dogs from Cairns, North Queensland, Australia.", "content": "Morphology of Ancylostoma buckleyi Le Roux and Biocca, 1957 in dogs from Cairns, North Queensland, Australia. Ancylostoma buckleyi was found in dogs in Cairns, North Queensland, Australia. Worms were small, whitish, males 10.25-10.89 mm in length; females 12.65-14.96 mm in length. The buccal capsule was funnel shaped. There were three pairs of ventral teeth and two pairs of dorso-lateral teeth. Spicules were simple and equal, 0.71-0.73 mm in length. Gubernaculum was shaped like a cricket bat, the widest part in the posterior half. The bursa was well developed, the ratio between posterolateral-mediolateral to mediolateral-externolateral was 1:1. The inner branches of the dorsal rays were partially fused. Tail of the femaleworm was 0.22-0.23 mm in length and conical.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027107"}
{"pmid": "1027108", "title": "Schistosomiasis japonica in field rats in Leyte, Philippines.", "content": "Schistosomiasis japonica in field rats in Leyte, Philippines. Approximately 73% of wild caught field rats were found infected with schistosomiasis japonica as revealed by the finding of eggs in liver sections; 49% of rats showed eggs in histological sections of the large intestine and about 13% showed eggs in their stools. Male rats appear to have higher schistosomiasis infection rate then female rats and that rats caught from endemic areas with smooth or normal looking livers do not necessarily mean that they are not infected with schistosomiasis. Examination for miracidia using only 2-3 pellets of field rat's stool by Faust-Meleney egg hatching technique revealed that 58% of them were positive with a mean of 5 miracidia per rat. A slightly lower hatchability rate was observed among laboratory infected white rats. Our figures on hatchability of Schistosoma ova are higher than those obtained by Pesigan and his co-workers probably because we used freshly collected rat faeces.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027108"}
{"pmid": "1027109", "title": "Control of Culex pipiens fatigans(W) by the larvivorous fish Poecillia reticulata and by removal of debris from the breeding habitat.", "content": "Control of Culex pipiens fatigans(W) by the larvivorous fish Poecillia reticulata and by removal of debris from the breeding habitat. Twice weekly removal of floating debris from two polluted ponds in Bangkok resulted in 75% reduction of immature populations of C.p. fatigans for seven weeks. Subsequent introduction of the guppy Poecilia reticulata at 10 fish per m2 further reduced the aquatic population to 2% of the pretreatment level during 12 weeks. When debris removal was discontinued, partial recovery of the larval density was observed. When fish were introduced in a plot without prior debris removal, there was no reduction of the mosquito population, and when only part of the debris was removed from one plot, the reduction was immediate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027109"}
{"pmid": "1027110", "title": "Epidemic appearance of a new influenza strain in Asia.", "content": "Epidemic appearance of a new influenza strain in Asia. An outbreak of influenza associated with increased absenteeism among school-age children occurred during May and June 1975 in Tapei, Taiwan. The virus strain has recently been shown to be antigenically similar to A/Victoria/3/75 which is now active in other areas of the Pacific.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027110"}
{"pmid": "1027111", "title": "The effects of climatic patterns and agricultural practices on the population dynamics of Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Asia.", "content": "The effects of climatic patterns and agricultural practices on the population dynamics of Culex tritaeniorhynchus in Asia. Annual population curves for C. tritaeniorhynchus are presented for representative localities distributed from Pakistan, east through Southeast Asia and the Philippines and north to Japan and Korea. In the dry temperature (Pakistan) and colder maritime climates (Japan and Korea). C. tritaeniorhynchus populations apparently overwintered as hibernating adults, while in the warmer maritime climates (Okinawa and Taiwan), gonotrophic activity and larval development continued throughout the winter months. In these climatic types, the population curves closely paralleled the annual temperature curves. In the tropical climates, however, temporal population patterns were closely related to available moisture either in the form of annual precipitation and/or rice irrigation. The extremely variable environmental conditions tolerated C. tritaeniorhynchus throughout its distribution attests to the physiological and ecological plasticity of this species and suggests that further ecological and genetic studies may reveal marked clinical variances among selected biological parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027111"}
{"pmid": "1027112", "title": "Juvenile rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease at Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand.", "content": "Juvenile rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease at Ramathibodi Hospital, Thailand. One hundred consecutive cases of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease who were seen at Department of Pediatrics. Ramathibodi Hospital were reviewed. Particular attention was given to the pattern and the outcome of the cardiac status of the patients. The high incidence of severe carditis and tight mitral stenosis was similar to most reports from other developing countries. There was a poor prognosis for the cardiac status of those who came late, had more than valvular lesions, were in congestive heart failure, or had preexisting heart disease and atrial fibrillation. In spite of this, 6 patients had no evidence of heart disease after being followed up for less than 5 years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027112"}
{"pmid": "1027114", "title": "A survey of houseflies in bangkok and neighboring provinces.", "content": "A survey of houseflies in bangkok and neighboring provinces. A survey of flies in Bangkok and neighboring province revelaed that among 8,675 flies collected there were 10 genera and 18 species of flies, eg. Musca domestica, M. bezzii, M. conducens, M. nebulo, Chrysomyia megacephala, C. rufifacies, Phaenicia sericata, P. cuprina, Sarcophaga ruficornis, S. peregrina, S. orchidae, S. albiceps, Megaselia scalaris, Lispe orientalis, Anaclysta flexa, Morellia hortensia, Hemipyrellia ligurriens and Orthellia coeruleifrons. Musca mostly bred in low-protein content media, eg., garbage piles of vegetable and rice, and was predominant in the morning while Chrysomyia and Phaenicia mostly bred in high-protein content media, eg., animal carcasses, and were predominant in the afternoon. Female flies were bigger than male and they were more predominant than males in or around breeding places. The density of flies was correlated with the relative humidity but not with rainfall or temperature. The density of flies was correlated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. Some cases of myiasis have been reported from Thailand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027114"}
{"pmid": "1027115", "title": "Prevalence of heart disease in school children in Thailand: a preliminary survey at Bang Pa-in.", "content": "Prevalence of heart disease in school children in Thailand: a preliminary survey at Bang Pa-in. A total of 2,764 students were examined from five schools in Bang Pa-in, district, Ayutthaya Province, Thailand; 12 were found to have heart disease, a prevalence of 4.34 per thousand examined. Of these 4 cases were known by their parents to have heart disease prior to our study. The prevalence of congenital heart disease was 3.3 and of rheumatic heart disease 1 per thousand students. The incidence of functional heart murmur was 46%. The prevalence rate of heart disease in Thai school children was similar to rates in reports from Canada, America and Iran.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027115"}
{"pmid": "1027116", "title": "Contributions to natural sources and methods of transmission of Gnathostoma spinigerum in Thailand.", "content": "Contributions to natural sources and methods of transmission of Gnathostoma spinigerum in Thailand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027116"}
{"pmid": "1027113", "title": "Mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate as broad-spectrum anthelmintics.", "content": "Mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate as broad-spectrum anthelmintics. The efficacy of mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate was studied in two groups of 59 and 58 cases, respectively, of patients with polyparasitosis. Mebendazole had a cure rate of 96%, 82.2%, 71.4% and 66.6% in A. lumbricoides, hookworm, T. trichiura and S. stercoralis, respectively, while the corresponding figures for pyrantel pamoate were 92.6%, 85.7%, 19.4% and 0%. Pyrantel pamoate is considered to have no significant effect on T. trichiura and S. stercoralis. None of the drugs had any effect on  T. saginata. Both drugs have been found to be equally effective against enterobiasis by various authors. It is recommended that pyrantel pamoate be the drug of choice in cases of multiple parasitic infections excluding T. trichiura and S. stercoralis whereas those with one or both of these in addition to others should be treated with mebendazole. Mebendazole can be prescribed for patients with clinical evidence of helminthic infections even where stool examination is not possible as it covers almost the whole range of common helminthic infections. The only limitation for poorer patients however is its cost. Pyrantel pamoate has a wider applicability for the poorer patients in spite of the fact that it is ineffective against trichurids and S. stercoralis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027113"}
{"pmid": "1027145", "title": "The effect of specific antiserum on the metabolism of three membrane-associated antigens of ASL-1 x LM(TK)- hybrid cells.", "content": "The effect of specific antiserum on the metabolism of three membrane-associated antigens of ASL-1 x LM(TK)- hybrid cells. Fusion of ASL-1 cells, a murine leukemia forming thymus leukemia (TL) antigens, with LM(TK)- cells, a TL(--) murine cell line, resulted in a stable hybrid forming TL antigens. The hybrids failed to undergo modulation, the reversible dissappearance of TL antigens from the surfaces of the cells, stimulated by TL antiserum. Unlike ASL-1 cells, the rate of disappearance of the antigens from modulation negative hydrid cells was unaffected by TL antiserum. The t 1/2 of TL antigens of the hybrid was approximately 30 h. The t 1/2 of TL antigens of ASL-1 cells was 10 h in the presence of TL antiserum, 18 h in the absence of TL antiserum. The rate of metabolism of a putative tumor-associated antigen of ASL-1 cells formed by the hybrid was unaffected by exposure to specific antiserum, as was the metabolism of H-2 antigens formed by the cell types.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027145"}
{"pmid": "1027146", "title": "The selection of somatic cell hybrids between human lymphoma cell lines.", "content": "The selection of somatic cell hybrids between human lymphoma cell lines. Somatic cell hybrids have been selected between three pairs of established human lymphoid cell lines producing  pure lines of proliferating hybrid cells: Raji/Namalwa, Raji/Daudi, and Raji/BJAB. The hybrid cell lines have been characterized with respect to isozyme pattern, volume, and karyotype.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027146"}
{"pmid": "1027149", "title": "A CHO-cell mutant with a defect in cytokinesis.", "content": "A CHO-cell mutant with a defect in cytokinesis. In a selection procedure designed to enrich for temperature-sensitive mutant cells blocked in mitosis a CHO-cell mutant was isolated which has a defect in cytokinesis as the basis of its temperature-sensitive phenotype. Cultures of the mutant had an abnormally high percentage (ie. 34%) of polyploid cells at the permissive temperature of 34 degress C and showed further increased frequencies of polyploidy as well as many multinucleated cells at 38.5 degrees 39.5 degrees. When the mutant cells were synchronized in metaphase by Colcemid arrest and then placed into fresh medium at nonpermissive temperature, they did not divide although the completion of mitosis appeared cytologically normal. Ultrastructural examination by electron microscopy of such synchronized cells at telophase revealed no specific defects in cellular components other than failure of development of a normal midbody. The sensitivity of the mutant to cytochalasin B and to Colcemid was the same as for wild-type cells. This mutation behaved as recessive in tetraploid cell hybrids constructed by fusing the mutant with a CHO strain which was wild-type with respect to temperature sensitivty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027149"}
{"pmid": "1027150", "title": "Assignment of a structural gene for beta-glucuronidase to human chromosome C7.", "content": "Assignment of a structural gene for beta-glucuronidase to human chromosome C7. An electrophoretic technique was developed which allows the separation of human beta-glucuronidase (GUS EC 3.2.1.3.1) from the enzyme present in cultured murine. Chinese and Syrian hamster cells in one buffer system on Cellogel. Using this technique a number of independent human-mouse somatic cell hybrids have been analyzed for the segregation of GUS, other enzyme markers, and all human chromosomes. The results indicate that a structural gene for human beta-glucuronidase is located on chromosome C7.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027150"}
{"pmid": "1027148", "title": "Transfer of the human X chromosome to human--Chinese hamster cell hybrids via isolated HeLa metaphase chromosomes.", "content": "Transfer of the human X chromosome to human--Chinese hamster cell hybrids via isolated HeLa metaphase chromosomes. Evidence is presented for the uptake of the human X chromosome by human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids which lack H P R T activity, following incubation with isolated human HeLa S3 chromosomes. Sixteen independent clonal cell lines were isolated in H A T medium, all of which contained a human X chromosome as determined by trypsin-Giemsa staining. The frequency of H A T-resistant clones was 32 x 10(-6) when 10(7) cells were incubated with 10(8) HeLa chromosomes. Potential reversion of the hybrid cells in H A T medium was less than 5 x 10(-7). The 16 isolated cell lines all contained activity of the human X-linked marker enzymes H P R T, P G K,alpha-Gal A, and G6PD, as determined by electrophoresis. The phenotype of G6PD was G6PD A, corresponding to G6PD A in HeLa cells. The human parental cells used in the fusion to form the hybrids had the G6PD B phenotype. The recipient cells gave no evidence of containing human X chromosomes. These results indicate that incorporation and expression of HeLa X chromosomes is accomplished in human-Chinese hamster hybrids which lack a human X chromosome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027148"}
{"pmid": "1027151", "title": "Inhibition of the growth of mammalian cells in cuture by amino acids and the isolation and characterization of L-phenylalanine transport.", "content": "Inhibition of the growth of mammalian cells in cuture by amino acids and the isolation and characterization of L-phenylalanine transport. Raising the concentration of phenylalanine and other amino acids in MEM leads to the inhibition of growth and in some cases to death of A9. Balb 3T3 , SV40 Balb 3T3 (SVT2), CHO, and WI38. All cells tested exhibited some similar senstivities to certain of the amino acids. but there were some unique differences. Phenylalanine-resistant mutants (Pher) of A9 were isolated that had modified phenylalanine-transport properties. These mutants can be isolated by a single-step selection procedure. A Lineweaver-Burk plot of initial rates of phenylalanine uptake by A9 and mutants showed a biphasic curve suggesting two transport systems. The Pher mutants had altered properties of both systems. It is suggested that the selection of clones resistant to high concentration of several of the natural amino acid may be used as a general method for the isolation of mutants affecting the various amino acid transport systems in mammalian cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027151"}
{"pmid": "1027147", "title": "The selection of Chinese hamster cells deficient in oxidative energy metabolism.", "content": "The selection of Chinese hamster cells deficient in oxidative energy metabolism. A selection scheme based on the nutritional requirements of a previously described respiration-deficient Chinese hamster line has been used to isolate new mutants defective in oxidative energy metabolism. Three of the primary characteristics of this type of mutant are (1) a strict dependency on the continued presence of glucose for survival; (2) a drastic reduction in the rate of oxygen consumption; (3) an inhibition of Krebs cycle activity resulting in auxotrophy for asparagine and carbon dioxide. In the case of one cell line which was used (V79), up to 65% of the survivors of a selection were found to possess this phenotype after only one round of selection. By contrast, it proved much more difficult to obtain such mutants from another cell line (CCL16). A preliminary characterization of a number of these mutants is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027147"}
{"pmid": "1027153", "title": "Mutant alleles for hypoxanthine phosphoriboxyltransferase: codominant expression, complementation, and segregation in hybrid Chinese hamster cells.", "content": "Mutant alleles for hypoxanthine phosphoriboxyltransferase: codominant expression, complementation, and segregation in hybrid Chinese hamster cells. Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants resistant to the purine analogs 6-thioguanine or 8-azaguanine have been isolated following mutagenesis with ethyl methane sulfonate. The activities of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) in three such mutants have been found to exhibit an increased Km for the substrate 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate. The isoelectric point of the mutant enzyme activity has also changed in two mutants. Hybrid cells containing one mutant and one wild-type allele express both genes. Segregants that have lost only the wild-type allele can be selected on the basis of drug resistance. Two mutants exhibiting different alterations in HPRT activity can complement in a hybrid cell to yield a wild-type growth pattern and enzyme activity with intermediate electrophoretic and kinetic properties. The results suggest intracistronic complementation between structural gene mutants of HPRT.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027153"}
{"pmid": "1027154", "title": "Inhibition of biological effects of bromodeoxyuridine by deoxycytidine: correlation with decreased incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine into DNA.", "content": "Inhibition of biological effects of bromodeoxyuridine by deoxycytidine: correlation with decreased incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine into DNA. The effects of 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) on pigmentation, contact inhibition, cell morphology, and tumorogenicity of Syrian hamster melanoma cells are inhibited in the presence of deoxycytidine (dC). The inhibition of these biological effects of BrdU by dC is correlated with a decrease in the incorporation of BrdU into nuclear DNA. The results suggest that the intracellular changes resulting from the addition of dC to cells in the presence of BrdU are comparable to those resulting from a decrease in the concentration of BrdU in the medium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027154"}
{"pmid": "1027152", "title": "Isolation and characterization of 5-fluorotryptophan-resistant mutants with altered L-tryptophan transport.", "content": "Isolation and characterization of 5-fluorotryptophan-resistant mutants with altered L-tryptophan transport. Mutants of A9 mouse fibroblast, resistant to the killing effect of 0.4 mM 5-flurotryptophan (5-FT), have altered L-tryptophan transport properties. The resistant phenotype is stable for at least 90 generations of growth in MEM. A fluctuation test indicated that clones resistant to 0.4 mM 5-FT occurred spontaneously. An average mutation rate was estimated at 1.6 X 10(-6). Treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine increased the frequency of these clones by at least 100-fold. These results indicate that the resistant clones arose as a result of a mutation. All the resistant mutant tested accumulate less 5-FT at near steady-state conditions than the wild type. Lineweaver-Burk plots of initial rates of tryptophan uptake yield a biphasic curve suggesting that tryptophan is transported by two transport systems. Kinetic constants determined by a computer program indicate that both proposed transport systems were modified in each of two 5-FT resistant mutants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027152"}
{"pmid": "1027169", "title": "Malpractice: funding emerges as a critical issue.", "content": "Malpractice: funding emerges as a critical issue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027169"}
{"pmid": "1027170", "title": "1975 literature for trustees reflects new goals, unknowns.", "content": "1975 literature for trustees reflects new goals, unknowns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027170"}
{"pmid": "1027171", "title": "Can we afford national health insurance?", "content": "Can we afford national health insurance?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027171"}
{"pmid": "1027172", "title": "A prescription for medical incompetence.", "content": "A prescription for medical incompetence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027172"}
{"pmid": "1027173", "title": "HSAs: a way out of the regulatory mess?", "content": "HSAs: a way out of the regulatory mess?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027173"}
{"pmid": "1027174", "title": "Chairman's outlook: retreats for hospital trustees.", "content": "Chairman's outlook: retreats for hospital trustees.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027174"}
{"pmid": "1027175", "title": "'Leave us alone, we'll manage'.", "content": "'Leave us alone, we'll manage'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027175"}
{"pmid": "1027176", "title": "The end of the wobbly three-legged stool.", "content": "The end of the wobbly three-legged stool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027176"}
{"pmid": "1027178", "title": "Public hospitals: how they got that way--and what can be done about it.", "content": "Public hospitals: how they got that way--and what can be done about it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027178"}
{"pmid": "1027177", "title": "What every trustee should know about medical audit.", "content": "What every trustee should know about medical audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027177"}
{"pmid": "1027180", "title": "Must doctors serve where they're told?", "content": "Must doctors serve where they're told?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027180"}
{"pmid": "1027179", "title": "Consensus on health policy eludes forum participants.", "content": "Consensus on health policy eludes forum participants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027179"}
{"pmid": "1027184", "title": "Doctors on boards: survey tracks a growing trend.", "content": "Doctors on boards: survey tracks a growing trend.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027184"}
{"pmid": "1027183", "title": "How hospitals are controlling costs.", "content": "How hospitals are controlling costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027183"}
{"pmid": "1027182", "title": "The trustee as advocate for society: a new perspective on quality of patient care.", "content": "The trustee as advocate for society: a new perspective on quality of patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027182"}
{"pmid": "1027181", "title": "The Darling case shows a silver lining.", "content": "The Darling case shows a silver lining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027181"}
{"pmid": "1027185", "title": "How to get doctors involved in governance, management.", "content": "How to get doctors involved in governance, management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027185"}
{"pmid": "1027186", "title": "Should trustees serve on medical staff committees?", "content": "Should trustees serve on medical staff committees?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027186"}
{"pmid": "1027187", "title": "'A sound mind in a sound body' is aim of executive health institute.", "content": "'A sound mind in a sound body' is aim of executive health institute.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027187"}
{"pmid": "1027188", "title": "Malpractice: simple solution eludes tort reformists.", "content": "Malpractice: simple solution eludes tort reformists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027188"}
{"pmid": "1027189", "title": "Hospital costs: the reason is people.", "content": "Hospital costs: the reason is people.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027189"}
{"pmid": "1027190", "title": "In trustee education, Tennessee shows the way.", "content": "In trustee education, Tennessee shows the way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027190"}
{"pmid": "1027191", "title": "Is there a merger in your future?", "content": "Is there a merger in your future?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027191"}
{"pmid": "1027192", "title": "Chairman's outlook: utilization of volunteers.", "content": "Chairman's outlook: utilization of volunteers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027192"}
{"pmid": "1027193", "title": "Public needs voice in hospitals.", "content": "Public needs voice in hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027193"}
{"pmid": "1027195", "title": "Research with human subjects: trustees should ask questions.", "content": "Research with human subjects: trustees should ask questions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027195"}
{"pmid": "1027194", "title": "The Quinlan precedent.", "content": "The Quinlan precedent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027194"}
{"pmid": "1027294", "title": "Medical manpower planning: the British experience.", "content": "Medical manpower planning: the British experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027294"}
{"pmid": "1027293", "title": "Hospital study tour in Denmark.", "content": "Hospital study tour in Denmark.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027293"}
{"pmid": "1027296", "title": "8th conference on hospital services in Europe.", "content": "8th conference on hospital services in Europe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027296"}
{"pmid": "1027295", "title": "The role of the ombudsman in Britain.", "content": "The role of the ombudsman in Britain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027295"}
{"pmid": "1027315", "title": "Agenesis of pancreas and gall-bladder in an infant of incest.", "content": "Agenesis of pancreas and gall-bladder in an infant of incest. Fatal diabetic coma was observed in a small-for-gestational-age newborn of brother-sister incest. Post mortem examinations revealed congenital absence of the pancreas and gall-bladder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027315"}
{"pmid": "1027320", "title": "Idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome: acoustic, laryngoscopic and radiological investigation.", "content": "Idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome: acoustic, laryngoscopic and radiological investigation. The breathing pattern in IRDS has been analysed by sound recording, direct laryngoscopy and chest X-rays. The reflex mechanism operative in IRDS was found to be a modified version of the Hering-Breuer reflex; in a certain phase of inspiration the respiratory muscles relax and passive expiration begins. In IRDS, at the end of the short inspiratory phase accompanied by grunting the glottis is suddenly closed, and collapse of the alveolar space is prevented. The small opening of the glottis before the next inspiration serves the same purpose, and the air passing through it is heard as grunting. As soon as the alveolar space is emptied, the glottis becomes wide open and a quick inspiration follows. The modified Hering-Breure reflex increases the respiratory tract pressure and thus prevents collapse of the alveolar space. When the newborn is no longer capable of the excess extra work required for grunting, the decompensated phase of IRDS sets in. Gas exchange rapidly deteriorates and the white lung pattern is visible on the chest X-ray.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027320"}
{"pmid": "1027317", "title": "Trace elements in the serum of mothers and their children.", "content": "Trace elements in the serum of mothers and their children. The serum copper, zinc and iron levels, iron binding capacity and coeruloplasmin activity were determined in 28 maternal and cord bloods and in 50 infants and children. At the end of the gestation period the serum copper level increased, iron concentration remained unchanged while the level of zinc decreased significantly as compared to the values for healthy, non-pregnant women. Iron and zinc concentrations at birth were significantly higher in the newborn than in the mother, whereas the copper level amounted only to 20% of the maternal value. Subsequently, the copper level increased to reach the lower limit of healthy adults in the first to second year of life. The remarkably high neonatal zinc concentration fell significantly in the first 2 to 4 weeks of life and decreases to the normal adult level at one year of age. The changes in the trace element concentrations may be due to quantitative differences in the transporting proteins, variations in placental permeability and in the function of transfer proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027317"}
{"pmid": "1027318", "title": "Immunoglobulin E in the sera of infants and children.", "content": "Immunoglobulin E in the sera of infants and children. The serum IgE level has been studied from birth up to 14 years of age. The mean serum IgE concentration was found to be correlated with age. Parallel measurements in cord blood and maternal blood yielded a mean of 25 I.U./ml (range, 0--90 I.U.) for the former and one of 124 I.U./ml (range, 50-600 I.U.) for the latter. The normal IgE level ranged from 20 to 100 I.U./ml in infants and from 100 to 200 I.U./ml in children, but even values of 400 to 600 I.U. did not necessarily reflect a pathological condition. In the majority of patients with eczema, urticaria and spastic bronchitis, high IgE levels were measured. The highest individual and mean values were obtained in children harbouring intestinal helminths, though a normal IgE level also occurred in such patients. In coeliac disease the values were within normal limits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027318"}
{"pmid": "1027321", "title": "Altered response in vitro of the human umbilical artery to sera of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome and other hypoxic conditions.", "content": "Altered response in vitro of the human umbilical artery to sera of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome and other hypoxic conditions. A study was made of the reaction of the human umbilical artery and the isolated rabbit auricular artery to protein-free ultrafiltrates of normal and hypoxic sera originating from neonates suffering from RDS or other acute metabolic disturbances. While a normal serum ultrafiltrate caused an enhanced contraction of the umbilical artery, hypoxic sera exerted a weaker pressor activity. At the same time, on the rabbit's isolated auricular artery the hypoxic sera exhibited a higher pressor activity. The phenomenon is in agreement with the clinical observation that spontaneous closure of the umbilical vessels is delayed in the case of fetal hypoxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027321"}
{"pmid": "1027323", "title": "The metabolic effects of glucagon infusion in normoglycaemic and hypoglycaemic small-for-gestational-age infants. I. Changes in blood glucose, blood lactate and plasma free fatty acids.", "content": "The metabolic effects of glucagon infusion in normoglycaemic and hypoglycaemic small-for-gestational-age infants. I. Changes in blood glucose, blood lactate and plasma free fatty acids. The response to glucagon infusion of blood glucose, blood lactate and plasma FFA was studied in 7 normoglycaemic and 7 hypoglycaemic SGA infants. The infants received glucagon at a rate of 0.2 microng/kg/min into a cephalic vein for a period of four hours. Glucagon caused a marked and significant rise in blood glucose in both groups; from 66 +/- 12 mg/100 ml to 136 +/- 16 mg/100 ml in the normoglycaemic, and from 22 +/- 2 mg/100 ml to 69 +/- 13 mg/100 ml in the hypoglycaemic infants. The time course of the response was different: while in the former group blood glucose declined after the second hour of glucagon infusion, in the hypoglycaemic group the response persisted throughout the test period. In the normoglycaemic SGA infants FFA fell rapidly in response to glucagon, whereas no significant change occurred in hypoglycaemic infants. The different baseline lactate concentrations were not affected significantly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027323"}
{"pmid": "1027330", "title": "Keratoconus and hydrophilic contact lenses.", "content": "Keratoconus and hydrophilic contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027330"}
{"pmid": "1027324", "title": "The metabolic effects of glucagon infusion in normoglycaemic and hypoglycaemic small-for-gestational-age infants. II. Changes in plasma amino acids.", "content": "The metabolic effects of glucagon infusion in normoglycaemic and hypoglycaemic small-for-gestational-age infants. II. Changes in plasma amino acids. Altogether 17 individual amino acids were determined before and during glucagon infusion in normoglycaemic and hypoglycaemic SGA infants. The magnitude and time course of the response in total plasma amino acids to glucagon infusion (0.2 microng/kg/min for four hours) differed in the two groups: while in the normoglycaemic SGA infants a significant hypoaminoacidaemia was noted by the second hour of glucagon infusion, in the hypoglycaemic newborns no appreciable changes were observed. In the former group altogether twelve amino acids showed a progressive and significant decline. The fall of three important gluconeogenic amino acids alanine, glycine,proline, and that of three branched chain amino acids was particularly striking. In contrast, in the hypoglycaemic infants the amino acids were not significantly affected by glucagon infusion. This unresponsiveness of plasma amino acids was probably transient as judged from the moderate hypoaminoacidaemia noted by the end of the infusion period. The observations seem to have important implications regarding the influence of glucagon on hepatic glucose production, and its possible therapeutic importance in the management of hypoglycaemic intrauterine malnourished infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027324"}
{"pmid": "1027333", "title": "Heterotopic contralateral projections of neocortical regions of the cat brain. II. Parietal cortex. A. Interhemispheric association of parietal cortex.", "content": "Heterotopic contralateral projections of neocortical regions of the cat brain. II. Parietal cortex. A. Interhemispheric association of parietal cortex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027333"}
{"pmid": "1027331", "title": "Cervical spinal cord injuries in Czechoslovakia 1973 - 1974.", "content": "Cervical spinal cord injuries in Czechoslovakia 1973 - 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027331"}
{"pmid": "1027332", "title": "Clinical study of status epilepticus; review of 111 statuses.", "content": "Clinical study of status epilepticus; review of 111 statuses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027332"}
{"pmid": "1027335", "title": "Heterotopic contralateral projections of neocortical regions of the cat brain. II. Parietal cortex. B. Laminar distribution of interhemispheric association fibres in the cat neocortex.", "content": "Heterotopic contralateral projections of neocortical regions of the cat brain. II. Parietal cortex. B. Laminar distribution of interhemispheric association fibres in the cat neocortex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027335"}
{"pmid": "1027336", "title": "Changes of muscle fibre thickness following diets of various types and administration of drugs in experimental animals.", "content": "Changes of muscle fibre thickness following diets of various types and administration of drugs in experimental animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027336"}
{"pmid": "1027337", "title": "Changes in thickness of muscle fibers in \"compensatory\" hypertrophy of skeletal muscles.", "content": "Changes in thickness of muscle fibers in \"compensatory\" hypertrophy of skeletal muscles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027337"}
{"pmid": "1027338", "title": "The importance of hygienic practices during the collection and bottling of mineral water.", "content": "The importance of hygienic practices during the collection and bottling of mineral water. Natural water suitable for direct bottling must be clear, colourless, and free from objectionable taste and odour. The mineral content must be limited in amount, otherwise the water would come within the medicinal water category. There should be no detectable organic matter present and the water must be of the highest bacteriological quality -- virtually sterile - and should remain in this condition during the collection and bottling processes. In order to achieve and maintain this high quality, the gathering grounds of the source must be protected from pollution; the construction of the well or spring must be such as to prevent external contamination, as also should be the collecting and bottling apparatus. Personnel employed in the factory should wear protective clothing and be regularly checked as to their freedom from waterborne infectious diseases. Control of the water as to its hygienic quality should be by regular and frequent analysis of samples of the water and the air at various points in the process and in the factory. A new problem that has arisen and has to be faced in this situation is the risk of contamination by certain materials in contact with the water that may contain substances that encourage the growth of saprophytic bacteria which would contaminate by the production of taste, odour, discolouration, cloudiness and definite evidence of microbial growth. It is emphasized that the extent of this new problem is not yet delineated and that methods of laboratory control and safeguards against such happenings are still evolving.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027338"}
{"pmid": "1027314", "title": "Treatment of forty loosened total hip replacement.", "content": "Treatment of forty loosened total hip replacement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027314"}
{"pmid": "1027308", "title": "Surgical treatment of acute injuries of the lateral ligaments of the anklejoint and chronical lateral ligament insufficiency.", "content": "Surgical treatment of acute injuries of the lateral ligaments of the anklejoint and chronical lateral ligament insufficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027308"}
{"pmid": "1027334", "title": "Pathophysiological classification of anaemias and polycythaemias (polyglobulias).", "content": "Pathophysiological classification of anaemias and polycythaemias (polyglobulias).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027334"}
{"pmid": "1027365", "title": "Reproduction of the cycle of coccidia Eimeria acervulina (Tyzzer, 1929) in cell cultures of chicken kidneys.", "content": "Reproduction of the cycle of coccidia Eimeria acervulina (Tyzzer, 1929) in cell cultures of chicken kidneys. The cycle of Eimeria acervulina was grown in primary culture of cells of three-week-old-chicken kidneys. EHT medium (Eagle, Hydrolysate of Lactalbumine, Bacto-Tryptose phosphate) allowed the development of this coccidium. 44 hours after infestation of the cells with sporozoites, the first schizonts appeared. The merozoites of first generation were released after 54 hours. They invaded the neighbouring cells and developed in them into schizonts of second generation mature after 68 hours. After 72 and 93 hours, a third and a fourth generation of schizonts were noticed. Merozoites IV create the Gamogony. To obtain the gamogony in vitro, we inoculated the cultures with merozoites IV recovered from axenic animals. The oocysts were released into the medium 45 hours after inoculation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027365"}
{"pmid": "1027366", "title": "Blood reference values in the lamb (Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn, Cl, urea, total proteins, creatinine, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate amino transferase, cholesterol and hemoglobin).", "content": "Blood reference values in the lamb (Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn, Cl, urea, total proteins, creatinine, uric acid, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate amino transferase, cholesterol and hemoglobin). We have determined sixteen blood chemical parameters in three month-old lambs and eleven in one and a half-month old ones. We have found that three of them were not affected by age: potassium, copper and proteins; seven were lowered: sodium, calcium, zinc, chlorine, inorganic phosphate, urea and cholesterol; one was enhanced : magnesium. These reference values will be used as a basis for further controls of the flocks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027366"}
{"pmid": "1027362", "title": "Survival of hydatid cysts after puncturing.", "content": "Survival of hydatid cysts after puncturing. The release of antigens from hydatid cysts, essential for the induction of a detectable host antibody response, is considered to depend on alterations in the physical integrity of the cyst germinal membrane. This explanation, however, does not account for the detection of serologic responses in persons harbouring hyaline cysts unless it were possible for membrane microfissures to arise and provide an antigenic stimulus without adversely affecting cyst viability. The results of the present study have demonstrated that hydatid cysts are able to survive when experimentally punctured in vitro or in vivo. These findings on the capacity of hyaline cysts to repair or recuperate from a microfissure are consistent with the detection of antibody responses in persons harbouring hyaline hydatid cysts with apparently intact membranes and with the hypothesis of an association between integrity of cyst membranes and degree of host immunological responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027362"}
{"pmid": "1027379", "title": "Histochemical observations on the corpus luteum atreticum of the human postmenopausal ovary with reference to steroid hormone synthesis.", "content": "Histochemical observations on the corpus luteum atreticum of the human postmenopausal ovary with reference to steroid hormone synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027379"}
{"pmid": "1027408", "title": "Alterations in lipid metabolism produced by ethyl trichloracetate.", "content": "Alterations in lipid metabolism produced by ethyl trichloracetate. Rats maintained on a choline deficient diet and treated with subcutaneous doses of ethyl trichloracetate responded by increasing plasma beta-lipoprotein and plasma triglyceride levels while excess triglyceride was being removed from the liver. There was a transient depression in plasma phospholipid at the beginning of the treatment. Continued administration of ethyl trichloracetate raised plasma triglyceride in choline depleted rats and raised hepatic phospholipid concentration in both choline deficient and supplemented rats. It is suggested that the lipotropic action of ethyl trichloracetate occurs through hepatic triglyceride being removed by the altered plasma lipids and not by inhibition of hepatic triglyceride synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027408"}
{"pmid": "1027409", "title": "Hepatic vitamin A fat-storage cells and the metabolism of chylomicron cholesterol.", "content": "Hepatic vitamin A fat-storage cells and the metabolism of chylomicron cholesterol. These experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that the vitamin A fat-storage cell removes chylomicron remnant cholesterol from hepatic portal venous blood; A modified Ficoll density gradient ultracentrifugation procedure was used to isolate from rat liver cellular fractions that were enriched in vitamin A. In rats fed a normal diet and in rats fed excess vitamin A isolated hepatocytes were fractionated 15 min after the intravenous injection of chylomicrons labelled in vivo with radioactive cholesterol. The results showed that cholesterol radioactivity was not concentrated in the vitamin A enriched cellular fractions, so it was concluded that the vitamin A fat-storage cell is not implicated in clearance of chylomicron remnants by the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027409"}
{"pmid": "1027410", "title": "The origin and significance of macrophages in thoracic duct lymph.", "content": "The origin and significance of macrophages in thoracic duct lymph. Efferent lymph collected from a thoracic duct fistula initially contains no macrophages. However, the surgical procedures used to insert plastic cannulae into efferent lymphatics incite a vigorous foreign body reaction leading to the contamination of collected lymph with significant numbers of these cells. A sensitive and specific assay for the presence of macrophages in lymphocyte populations was used to quantitate the degree of contamination in rats bearing thoracic duct cannulae. The origin of some of these contaminant cells from the peritoneal macorphage population was established by adoptive transfer of labelled peritoneal cells to cannulated recipients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027410"}
{"pmid": "1027411", "title": "Host resistance to a spontaneously metastasising melanoma after primary tumour excision.", "content": "Host resistance to a spontaneously metastasising melanoma after primary tumour excision. Tumour resistance was investigated in a spontaneously metastasising murine melanoma. Specific tumour resistance was found in mice with intact small primary tumours and no metastases. If primary tumours were excised, resistance was demonstrated in mice which had metastases and in mice which did not have metastases but were given crude melanoma homogenate. No resistance could be detected in mice which had large primary tumours left intact or in mice which had small primary tumours excised four days prior to tumour challenge. These in vivo findings are compared with previously documented in vitro results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027411"}
{"pmid": "1027412", "title": "Mechanism of thyroid allograft rejection.", "content": "Mechanism of thyroid allograft rejection. Balb/c thyroids, held in organ culture for 26 days, survive and function as well as isografts for greater than 100 days in CBA recipients. Uncultured allografts are totally rejected by 20 days after transplantation. Prolonged allograft survival can also be achieved by the treatment of donor animals with cyclophosphamide prior to harvesting tissues for transplantation. These allografts do not survive as well as 26 day cultured allografts, but cyclophosphamide pretreatment reduces the culture time required to achieve indefinite survival to 7 days. The provision of an allogeneic (LD) stimulus by thyroid tissue that is I-region incompatible with the host does not facilitate the rejection of a tolerated cultured allograft. However, activation of the host immune system by an uncultured graft syngeneic to a tolerated cultured allograft leads to the chronic rejection of the cultured transplant. The transfer of a tolerated cultured allograft back to its strain of origin induces an acute inflammatory reaction that causes tissue damage within the transplant but does not lead to the total destruction of the tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027412"}
{"pmid": "1027413", "title": "Studies on the transfer of plasma iron to milk in the lactating rat.", "content": "Studies on the transfer of plasma iron to milk in the lactating rat. The transfer of an intravenous does of 59Fe from plasma to milk in the lactating rat was a rapid process which accelerated exponentially with time until a plateau was reached 2 to 4 hours after injection. This transfer of iron involved little participation of the iron in the mammary gland pool. Also, neither the lactoferrin of the milk whey nor the iron-carrier molecule of the casein played a specific role in the iron transfer process. The present results show that the total percentage of plasma 59Fe transferred to the milk and sucklings in the lactating rat is much more than those values reported in lactating rabbits (Tarvydas, Jordan and Morgan, 1968) and sows (Hansard, 1965).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027413"}
{"pmid": "1027416", "title": "Changing pattern of health insurance.", "content": "Changing pattern of health insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027416"}
{"pmid": "1027414", "title": "The effect of local anaesthetics on the neural uptake of catecholamines in isolated arteries--a histochemical study.", "content": "The effect of local anaesthetics on the neural uptake of catecholamines in isolated arteries--a histochemical study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027414"}
{"pmid": "1027415", "title": "NSW Minister for health on regionalisation and health services.", "content": "NSW Minister for health on regionalisation and health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027415"}
{"pmid": "1027418", "title": "Regionalisation of health services.", "content": "Regionalisation of health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027418"}
{"pmid": "1027417", "title": "Sad commentary on our system.", "content": "Sad commentary on our system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027417"}
{"pmid": "1027422", "title": "Effective use of boards.", "content": "Effective use of boards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027422"}
{"pmid": "1027421", "title": "Death, dying and patient care: the patient and his family.", "content": "Death, dying and patient care: the patient and his family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027421"}
{"pmid": "1027423", "title": "Changing pattern of health insurance.", "content": "Changing pattern of health insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027423"}
{"pmid": "1027425", "title": "\"Change for all of us...\".", "content": "\"Change for all of us...\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027425"}
{"pmid": "1027424", "title": "Doctor perception of Medibank.", "content": "Doctor perception of Medibank.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027424"}
{"pmid": "1027427", "title": "Side chain oxidation of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat: effect of removal of the intestine.", "content": "Side chain oxidation of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in the rat: effect of removal of the intestine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027427"}
{"pmid": "1027428", "title": "Conformational states of enkephalins in solution.", "content": "Conformational states of enkephalins in solution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027428"}
{"pmid": "1027430", "title": "Crystalline anhydrous Ca-phosphatidylserine bilayers.", "content": "Crystalline anhydrous Ca-phosphatidylserine bilayers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027430"}
{"pmid": "1027431", "title": "Alternate routes for ubiquinone biosynthesis in rats.", "content": "Alternate routes for ubiquinone biosynthesis in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027431"}
{"pmid": "1027432", "title": "Endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from fig latex.", "content": "Endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from fig latex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027432"}
{"pmid": "1027426", "title": "More effective utilisation of nursing resources.", "content": "More effective utilisation of nursing resources.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027426"}
{"pmid": "1027433", "title": "Singlet oxygen formation during hemoprotein catalyzed lipid peroxide decomposition.", "content": "Singlet oxygen formation during hemoprotein catalyzed lipid peroxide decomposition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027433"}
{"pmid": "1027435", "title": "Isolation of Coxsackievirus B3 temperture-sensitive mutants and their assignment to complementation groups.", "content": "Isolation of Coxsackievirus B3 temperture-sensitive mutants and their assignment to complementation groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027435"}
{"pmid": "1027434", "title": "Studies of the in vitro sensitivity of iodothyronine synthesis to methimazole in normal human thyroid cells.", "content": "Studies of the in vitro sensitivity of iodothyronine synthesis to methimazole in normal human thyroid cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027434"}
{"pmid": "1027437", "title": "The amino acids of M and N blood group glycopeptides are different.", "content": "The amino acids of M and N blood group glycopeptides are different.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027437"}
{"pmid": "1027436", "title": "Isolation and initial characterization of human basement membrane collagens.", "content": "Isolation and initial characterization of human basement membrane collagens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027436"}
{"pmid": "1027429", "title": "Alkylation of DNA and proteins in mice exposed to vinyl chloride.", "content": "Alkylation of DNA and proteins in mice exposed to vinyl chloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027429"}
{"pmid": "1027438", "title": "Glutathione peroxidase activity of glutathione-s-transferases purified from rat liver.", "content": "Glutathione peroxidase activity of glutathione-s-transferases purified from rat liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027438"}
{"pmid": "1027440", "title": "Trans-zeatin in culture filtrates of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.", "content": "Trans-zeatin in culture filtrates of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027440"}
{"pmid": "1027439", "title": "The activity of the erythrocyte monoaccharide transport system is not correlated with crosslinkage of band 3 protein.", "content": "The activity of the erythrocyte monoaccharide transport system is not correlated with crosslinkage of band 3 protein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027439"}
{"pmid": "1027441", "title": "The NH2-terminus of C-fragment is resistant to the action of aminopeptidases.", "content": "The NH2-terminus of C-fragment is resistant to the action of aminopeptidases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027441"}
{"pmid": "1027442", "title": "Elevated activities of alpha-2-and alpha-3-fucosyltransferases in human serum as a new indicator of malignancy.", "content": "Elevated activities of alpha-2-and alpha-3-fucosyltransferases in human serum as a new indicator of malignancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027442"}
{"pmid": "1027444", "title": "Distribution of covalently bound benzo(a)pyrene in chromatin.", "content": "Distribution of covalently bound benzo(a)pyrene in chromatin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027444"}
{"pmid": "1027443", "title": "Bestatin, a new specific inhibitor of aminopeptidases, enhances activation of small lymphocytes by concanavalin A.", "content": "Bestatin, a new specific inhibitor of aminopeptidases, enhances activation of small lymphocytes by concanavalin A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027443"}
{"pmid": "1027445", "title": "Intramolecular determination of primary kinetic isotope effects in hydroxylations catalyzed by cytochrome P-450.", "content": "Intramolecular determination of primary kinetic isotope effects in hydroxylations catalyzed by cytochrome P-450.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027445"}
{"pmid": "1027447", "title": "Regulation of the meta-cleavage of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid by Pseudomonas putida.", "content": "Regulation of the meta-cleavage of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid by Pseudomonas putida.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027447"}
{"pmid": "1027446", "title": "Pool sizes and metabolism of CDPCholine and CDPethanolamine in skeletal muscle.", "content": "Pool sizes and metabolism of CDPCholine and CDPethanolamine in skeletal muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027446"}
{"pmid": "1027448", "title": "Fluorescence emission and stopped-flow kinetic studies of the acid expansion of bovine serum albumin.", "content": "Fluorescence emission and stopped-flow kinetic studies of the acid expansion of bovine serum albumin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027448"}
{"pmid": "1027475", "title": "Effects of exogenus lithium upon lipid metabolism in rats fed atherogenetic diet. (preliminary note).", "content": "Effects of exogenus lithium upon lipid metabolism in rats fed atherogenetic diet. (preliminary note).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027475"}
{"pmid": "1027495", "title": "AV clinic: a model universe.", "content": "AV clinic: a model universe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027495"}
{"pmid": "1027497", "title": "Chronicling the cleft-palate case. The television specialist joins the diagnostic team.", "content": "Chronicling the cleft-palate case. The television specialist joins the diagnostic team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027497"}
{"pmid": "1027496", "title": "Ready, willing and able--the credo for photo staff success.", "content": "Ready, willing and able--the credo for photo staff success.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027496"}
{"pmid": "1027498", "title": "Senate hearings on program sponsorship: a bitter pill for the pharmaceutical industry?", "content": "Senate hearings on program sponsorship: a bitter pill for the pharmaceutical industry?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027498"}
{"pmid": "1027499", "title": "Professional competence and the professional organization. Editorial.", "content": "Professional competence and the professional organization. Editorial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027499"}
{"pmid": "1027501", "title": "The role of the lawyer in mental health advocacy.", "content": "The role of the lawyer in mental health advocacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027501"}
{"pmid": "1027500", "title": "Patients' rights and the psychiatrist's dilemma.", "content": "Patients' rights and the psychiatrist's dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027500"}
{"pmid": "1027502", "title": "Legislative liaison as critical intervention.", "content": "Legislative liaison as critical intervention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027502"}
{"pmid": "1027503", "title": "Juvenile court: a behavioral science perspective.", "content": "Juvenile court: a behavioral science perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027503"}
{"pmid": "1027504", "title": "Juvenile court: a lawyer's reply to the behavioral science perspective.", "content": "Juvenile court: a lawyer's reply to the behavioral science perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027504"}
{"pmid": "1027505", "title": "Guardian's authority to involuntarily hospitalize the incompetent ward.", "content": "Guardian's authority to involuntarily hospitalize the incompetent ward.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027505"}
{"pmid": "1027506", "title": "The battered child syndrome--some research aspects.", "content": "The battered child syndrome--some research aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027506"}
{"pmid": "1027509", "title": "Adolescent psychopathology in a family court.", "content": "Adolescent psychopathology in a family court.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027509"}
{"pmid": "1027507", "title": "On the distinction between medical and legal diagnosis.", "content": "On the distinction between medical and legal diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027507"}
{"pmid": "1027508", "title": "An analysis of demographic variables in adolescent defendants evaluated in a forensic psychiatry clinic.", "content": "An analysis of demographic variables in adolescent defendants evaluated in a forensic psychiatry clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027508"}
{"pmid": "1027510", "title": "Justice is not a psychiatric term.", "content": "Justice is not a psychiatric term.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027510"}
{"pmid": "1027514", "title": "Public enemy no. 1 to community and mental health: the automobile.", "content": "Public enemy no. 1 to community and mental health: the automobile.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027514"}
{"pmid": "1027513", "title": "The devil's advocate.", "content": "The devil's advocate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027513"}
{"pmid": "1027511", "title": "The right to refuse psychiatric treatment: a clinical perspective.", "content": "The right to refuse psychiatric treatment: a clinical perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027511"}
{"pmid": "1027512", "title": "Collaboration between psychiatry and the law: a study of 100 referrals to a court clinic.", "content": "Collaboration between psychiatry and the law: a study of 100 referrals to a court clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027512"}
{"pmid": "1027528", "title": "Peripheral occlusive arterial disease in Sri Lanka.", "content": "Peripheral occlusive arterial disease in Sri Lanka.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027528"}
{"pmid": "1027529", "title": "Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths in the Hindagala community health project area.", "content": "Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths in the Hindagala community health project area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027529"}
{"pmid": "1027530", "title": "Preventive aspects of paediatric surgery.", "content": "Preventive aspects of paediatric surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027530"}
{"pmid": "1027531", "title": "Vaginal sterilisation.", "content": "Vaginal sterilisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027531"}
{"pmid": "1027532", "title": "A comparative trial of sulphadoxine and tetracycline in the treatment of cholera.", "content": "A comparative trial of sulphadoxine and tetracycline in the treatment of cholera.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027532"}
{"pmid": "1027534", "title": "A case of ulcerative colitis.", "content": "A case of ulcerative colitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027534"}
{"pmid": "1027536", "title": "Group therapy training in a mental hospital.", "content": "Group therapy training in a mental hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027536"}
{"pmid": "1027538", "title": "Toward evaluating the meaningfulness of legal counsel for psychiatric patients.", "content": "Toward evaluating the meaningfulness of legal counsel for psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027538"}
{"pmid": "1027533", "title": "Infantile glaucoma associated with neonatal rubella.", "content": "Infantile glaucoma associated with neonatal rubella.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027533"}
{"pmid": "1027535", "title": "The ombudsman in mental health: Lakeshore's experience.", "content": "The ombudsman in mental health: Lakeshore's experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027535"}
{"pmid": "1027537", "title": "The evolution of the legal status of mental patients in Quebec and Ontario--a comparison.", "content": "The evolution of the legal status of mental patients in Quebec and Ontario--a comparison.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027537"}
{"pmid": "1027539", "title": "Is Tylenol (et al) any better than aspirin?", "content": "Is Tylenol (et al) any better than aspirin?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027539"}
{"pmid": "1027540", "title": "Swine flu: did Uncle Sam buy a pig in a poke?", "content": "Swine flu: did Uncle Sam buy a pig in a poke?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027540"}
{"pmid": "1027541", "title": "Steroid-induced, steroid-producing, and steroid-responsive tumors.", "content": "Steroid-induced, steroid-producing, and steroid-responsive tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027541"}
{"pmid": "1027542", "title": "Radioiodinated estrogens and antiestrogens as potential imaging agents.", "content": "Radioiodinated estrogens and antiestrogens as potential imaging agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027542"}
{"pmid": "1027543", "title": "Selecting endocrine therapy in breast cancer.", "content": "Selecting endocrine therapy in breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027543"}
{"pmid": "1027544", "title": "Fractionation of diverse steroid-binding proteins: basic and clinical applications.", "content": "Fractionation of diverse steroid-binding proteins: basic and clinical applications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027544"}
{"pmid": "1027545", "title": "RNA synthesis in nuclei of rat liver and of human lymphocytes.", "content": "RNA synthesis in nuclei of rat liver and of human lymphocytes. Physico-chemical properties and RNA synthesis in the rat liver and human lymphocytes have been compared in a nuclear system in vitro. Human lymphocytes were isolated from blood of healthy donors and of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients. The isolated nuclei served as the source of polymerase and template DNA. 3H-CTP was incorporated into the acid insoluble fraction linearly for 60 min. The nuclei of lymphocytes contained small amounts of RNA and protein, and the isolation procedure was complicated. Rat liver nuclei seem to be less prone to clumping at high pH values and may incorporate much more 3H-CTP. The nuclear synthesis was compared with incorporation of 3H-rU and 32P-orthophosphate into nuclear RNA of intact lymphocytes. Normal cells easily incorporated 32-P, and in contrast leukaemic cells incorporated 3H-rU to a greater extent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027545"}
{"pmid": "1027546", "title": "Effect of aminonucleoside on the stability of rat liver ribosomal RNA to heating.", "content": "Effect of aminonucleoside on the stability of rat liver ribosomal RNA to heating. High molecular weight ribosomal RNA has been isolated from normal rat liver and from the livers of rats treated with aminonucleoside. Melting curves of the rRNA from treated rat livers were shifted to higher temperatures. The melting temperatures were found to be 62.5 and 66 degrees C for normal and treated material respectively. The rRNA was heated at different temperatures and analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In both normal and treated material, the 18 S was more stable in the treated material when compared with the control material.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027546"}
{"pmid": "1027547", "title": "Chloroplast fine structure in the japonica-2 maize mutant exposed to continuous illumination. 1. The green tissues.", "content": "Chloroplast fine structure in the japonica-2 maize mutant exposed to continuous illumination. 1. The green tissues. Exposure to continuous illumination causes the appearance of numerous plastoglobuli in the stroma of both the mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of the green tissues of the leaves of the japonica-2 mutant of maize. In the pale green tissues the thylakoids have markedly swollen membranes. Another feature of the plastids exposed to continuous illumination is the heavy accumulation of starch. The japonica-2 chloroplasts show a different sensitivity to light, the chloroplasts of the pale green tissues being affected more markedly than the ones of the dark green tissues, and the bundle sheath chloroplasts more than those of the mesophyll. The effects of continuous illumination may be interpreted as an acceleration of chloroplast ontogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027547"}
{"pmid": "1027548", "title": "Chloroplast fine structure in the japonica-2 maize mutant exposed to continuous illumination. 2. The white tissues.", "content": "Chloroplast fine structure in the japonica-2 maize mutant exposed to continuous illumination. 2. The white tissues. Exposure to continuous illumination causes an enhancement of thylakoid swelling in the mesophyll chloroplasts of the white tissues of the japonica-2 maize mutant. In the bundle sheath plastids the effects of continuous illumination are striking and intriguing, because a regular honeycomb-like fret of membranes is formed from a provesicular body. No interpretation of this fret of membranes is, at present, possible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027548"}
{"pmid": "1027550", "title": "A scanning electron microscopic study of trichomes of IAA-induced tumours in bean embryos (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).", "content": "A scanning electron microscopic study of trichomes of IAA-induced tumours in bean embryos (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A scanning electron microscopic study of trichome morphology of bean embryo, growing in semi-solid synthetic medium, has been undertaken. The work shows some distinct differences in trichome morphology as well as variation in their development, due to the effect of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027550"}
{"pmid": "1027551", "title": "Appearance and accumulation of the brain specific S 100 protein in the developing nervous systems of rat, rabbit and guinea pig.", "content": "Appearance and accumulation of the brain specific S 100 protein in the developing nervous systems of rat, rabbit and guinea pig. The appearance and accumulation of S 100 protein during postnatal development of rats and rabbit, and during pre- and postnatal development of guinea pig, was studied quantitatively by immunoelectrophoresis. High amounts of S 100 were found in newborn guinea pig brain. In rabbit and rat central nervous systems the content of S 100 rose linearily between the 1st and the 3rd and 4th weeks of postnatal life, respectively. From this later period to the adult animal there was a small increase in the amount of S 100 in rabbit and rat brain. The results of this study are compared with other studies on S 100 accumulation during postnatal development of rat, rabbit and guinea pig, using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopic techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027551"}
{"pmid": "1027549", "title": "Lymphocyte transformation in newborns, women and those who had used oral contraceptives.", "content": "Lymphocyte transformation in newborns, women and those who had used oral contraceptives. Lymphocyte transformation, utilizing the mitotic index parameter has been assessed in newborns' cord blood, adults and women who had been on oral contraceptives and their babies. The results show that the newborns' cord blood response is significantly higher to PHA when compared with the respective adults' response. No significant difference was observed between the women taking oral contraceptives and their respective controls. After delivery, 10 ml of blood was collected from mothers and 5 ml of cord blood from their babies.  Micro- and macromethods were used in setting up the blood cultures for chromosome preparations and mitotic indices.  Details of methods used are given.  The differences in mitotic indices in both blood culture methods between the mothers and newborns were statistically significant (.02  p  .01).  Dividing cells were obtained from all microcultures from newborn infants.  Some cultures from mothers were not readable.  Mitotic indices of 70 test mothers who had taken oral contraceptives and their babies were similar.  There was no depression of the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) response by the mothers who had used oral contraceptives previously or by their offspring.  Cord blood gave a higher response to PHA than did adult venous blood.  This higher response lends support to the belief that cellular immunity is evident in early postnatal life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027549"}
{"pmid": "1027555", "title": "Structural and functional organization of the ovocytes in Trachurus trachurus trachurus L.", "content": "Structural and functional organization of the ovocytes in Trachurus trachurus trachurus L.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027555"}
{"pmid": "1027556", "title": "Treatment of traumatic urethral lesions.", "content": "Treatment of traumatic urethral lesions. From 1955 to 1975 the author has treated 705 patients with stricture of the urethra. He has elaborated his own procedure consisting of radical excision of the stricture and scar tissues with end-to-end anastomosis. In cases of long strictures, reconstruction of the urethra has been by the use of a scrotal flap.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027556"}
{"pmid": "1027557", "title": "The importance of the bladder washout technique in the management of a solitary calyceal stone.", "content": "The importance of the bladder washout technique in the management of a solitary calyceal stone. Renal infection is an indication for surgical treatment of a solitary calyceal stone. It must be proved however, that the infection is localised to the kidney before deciding on operation, as this may be very difficult and produce severe complications. Bladder washout seems to be an excellent technique to differentiate the localisation of the infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027557"}
{"pmid": "1027559", "title": "Prevention of reflux by a ureteric intussusception valve: a preliminary study on dogs.", "content": "Prevention of reflux by a ureteric intussusception valve: a preliminary study on dogs. In 10 dogs in anti-reflux procedure by intussusception of the ureter is examined. The surgical procedure is developed and the urinary flow and prevention of the anti-reflux valve are explored. The study shows that an invagination is technically possible and that reflux can be prevented in half the cases without significant obstruction of the urinary flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027559"}
{"pmid": "1027558", "title": "Management of ureteric obstruction in the solitary kidney by a segmental suspended ureteric prosthesis.", "content": "Management of ureteric obstruction in the solitary kidney by a segmental suspended ureteric prosthesis. Ureteric obstruction of a single kidney, secondary to an aorto-iliac bypass graft, was treated with a suspended segmentary ureteric prosthesis. No urinary stasis was observed during 1 year and the urodynamic implication are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027558"}
{"pmid": "1027560", "title": "The influence of various drugs on artificial oedema of the rat's bladder.", "content": "The influence of various drugs on artificial oedema of the rat's bladder. An experimental oedema of the bladder wall was produced by electric coagulation current in 130 rats. The amount of oedema was calculated by determination of the difference between the weight of the freshly excised wet bladder and that after drying to constant weight. Thus, oedema of a fairly constant and reproducible amount could be produced. The effect of three different drugs on such oedema was tested (Na-Aescinat, 6-methylprednisolone, alpha-Chymotrase). After the application of Na-Aescinat and 6-methylprednisolone no significant oedema could be measured after 48 h. Using alpha-Chymotrase, there was no measurable influence on the oedema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027560"}
{"pmid": "1027562", "title": "A successfully treated case of condyloma acuminatum of the urethra and urinary bladder.", "content": "A successfully treated case of condyloma acuminatum of the urethra and urinary bladder. Condyloma acuminatum very seldom affects the urinary bladder, but if it does conservative treatment has been considered of little value and cystourethrectomy will eventually be required. A case with urethrovesical condyloma is presented, where repeated transurethral resections cured the patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027562"}
{"pmid": "1027561", "title": "Fibroelastosis of the posterior urethra associated with urinary, cardiac and digestive anomalies.", "content": "Fibroelastosis of the posterior urethra associated with urinary, cardiac and digestive anomalies. A case of fibroelastosis of the posterior urethra associated with ectopic opening of the ureter of a solitary kidney in the urethra is described. Oesophageal atresia and anomalous origin of the left coronary artery were also observed. Management of fibroelastosis is pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027561"}
{"pmid": "1027563", "title": "A transpubic approach to radical prostatectomy.", "content": "A transpubic approach to radical prostatectomy. A transpubic approach to radical prostatectomy is presented in a series of 15 cases. The main advantages and some typical complications of this approach are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027563"}
{"pmid": "1027582", "title": "Studies on the incidence of normal and pathological termination of pregnancies in dairy animals.", "content": "Studies on the incidence of normal and pathological termination of pregnancies in dairy animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027582"}
{"pmid": "1027577", "title": "Food quality and control. New developments in food production and processing techniques require new methods of control for consumer protection.", "content": "Food quality and control. New developments in food production and processing techniques require new methods of control for consumer protection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027577"}
{"pmid": "1027578", "title": "Mycotoxins: the FAO programme.", "content": "Mycotoxins: the FAO programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027578"}
{"pmid": "1027579", "title": "Evaluation of supplementary feeding programmes assisted by the World Food Programme.", "content": "Evaluation of supplementary feeding programmes assisted by the World Food Programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027579"}
{"pmid": "1027581", "title": "On the localisation of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the testis of the skink, Mabuya carinata.", "content": "On the localisation of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases in the testis of the skink, Mabuya carinata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027581"}
{"pmid": "1027580", "title": "Absence of Leydig cells in the mature testis of the lizard Lygosoma himalayanum.", "content": "Absence of Leydig cells in the mature testis of the lizard Lygosoma himalayanum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027580"}
{"pmid": "1027583", "title": "Morphology of cock spermatozoa in relation to fertility and hatchability of eggs.", "content": "Morphology of cock spermatozoa in relation to fertility and hatchability of eggs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027583"}
{"pmid": "1027584", "title": "A note on occurrence of immuno-reactive prolactin in bovine semem.", "content": "A note on occurrence of immuno-reactive prolactin in bovine semem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027584"}
{"pmid": "1027585", "title": "Effect of oxytocin on conception rate in buffaloes.", "content": "Effect of oxytocin on conception rate in buffaloes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027585"}
{"pmid": "1027587", "title": "A note on partially defatted cow milk as a dilutor for buffalo bull semen preservation.", "content": "A note on partially defatted cow milk as a dilutor for buffalo bull semen preservation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027587"}
{"pmid": "1027586", "title": "Cations of ram semen as related to some physical attributes.", "content": "Cations of ram semen as related to some physical attributes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027586"}
{"pmid": "1027589", "title": "Secondary sex ratio in Sahiwal cattle.", "content": "Secondary sex ratio in Sahiwal cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027589"}
{"pmid": "1027588", "title": "A note on serum luteinizing hormone during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in Indian buffaloes.", "content": "A note on serum luteinizing hormone during the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in Indian buffaloes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027588"}
{"pmid": "1027591", "title": "A note on studies on factors affecting seminal traits in Nali rams.", "content": "A note on studies on factors affecting seminal traits in Nali rams.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027591"}
{"pmid": "1027590", "title": "Fructolysis index in the semen of buffalo, Jersey and Friesian cattle at different ages.", "content": "Fructolysis index in the semen of buffalo, Jersey and Friesian cattle at different ages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027590"}
{"pmid": "1027592", "title": "Spermatogenic cells of the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) testis.", "content": "Spermatogenic cells of the buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) testis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027592"}
{"pmid": "1027593", "title": "Abortion laws in commonwealth countries.", "content": "Abortion laws in commonwealth countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027593"}
{"pmid": "1027596", "title": "World fertility, 1976: an analysis of data sources and trends.", "content": "World fertility, 1976: an analysis of data sources and trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027596"}
{"pmid": "1027594", "title": "The effects of ablation of the septal nuclei in the rat on circadian variation and stress response pattern of corticosterone, growth hormone and prolactin.", "content": "The effects of ablation of the septal nuclei in the rat on circadian variation and stress response pattern of corticosterone, growth hormone and prolactin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027594"}
{"pmid": "1027595", "title": "Twenty-two dimensions of the population problem.", "content": "Twenty-two dimensions of the population problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027595"}
{"pmid": "1027606", "title": "Value of cyclic hormonal assessment by vaginal cytology in infertile women.", "content": "Value of cyclic hormonal assessment by vaginal cytology in infertile women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027606"}
{"pmid": "1027607", "title": "Action of prostaglandins on the contractility of pregnant human uterus.", "content": "Action of prostaglandins on the contractility of pregnant human uterus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027607"}
{"pmid": "1027610", "title": "Social aspect of family planning.", "content": "Social aspect of family planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027610"}
{"pmid": "1027608", "title": "Intra-amniotic injection of 20% mannitol for medical termination of pregnancy.", "content": "Intra-amniotic injection of 20% mannitol for medical termination of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027608"}
{"pmid": "1027609", "title": "Some experience in legal abortions.", "content": "Some experience in legal abortions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027609"}
{"pmid": "1027611", "title": "Vaginal ligation of tubes with termination of pregnancy.", "content": "Vaginal ligation of tubes with termination of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027611"}
{"pmid": "1027612", "title": "Serum human placental lactogen (HPL) levels in normal pregnancy.", "content": "Serum human placental lactogen (HPL) levels in normal pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027612"}
{"pmid": "1027617", "title": "A comparative study of placental  villous changes in normal and abnormal pregnancies.", "content": "A comparative study of placental  villous changes in normal and abnormal pregnancies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027617"}
{"pmid": "1027616", "title": "Clinical, hormonal and metabolic studies in patients undergoing second trimester abortion with prostaglndin F2 alpha, 15(S)-15-methyl0PGF2 alpha and hypertonic saline.", "content": "Clinical, hormonal and metabolic studies in patients undergoing second trimester abortion with prostaglndin F2 alpha, 15(S)-15-methyl0PGF2 alpha and hypertonic saline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027616"}
{"pmid": "1027614", "title": "A clinical study on the mode of action of I.U.D.", "content": "A clinical study on the mode of action of I.U.D.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027614"}
{"pmid": "1027618", "title": "Studies on serum lipids and lipase activity in women using oral contraceptives.", "content": "Studies on serum lipids and lipase activity in women using oral contraceptives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027618"}
{"pmid": "1027613", "title": "Clinico-bacteriological studies with intra-uterine administration of prostaglandin for induction of abortion.", "content": "Clinico-bacteriological studies with intra-uterine administration of prostaglandin for induction of abortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027613"}
{"pmid": "1027619", "title": "Report on studies of immunological aspects of sterility.", "content": "Report on studies of immunological aspects of sterility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027619"}
{"pmid": "1027621", "title": "Long term effect of intrauterine devices: cytomorphological and cytohormonal study.", "content": "Long term effect of intrauterine devices: cytomorphological and cytohormonal study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027621"}
{"pmid": "1027620", "title": "Unexplained infertility and ABO blood group incompatibility.", "content": "Unexplained infertility and ABO blood group incompatibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027620"}
{"pmid": "1027623", "title": "Effects of Lippes loop--5 years and beyond.", "content": "Effects of Lippes loop--5 years and beyond.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027623"}
{"pmid": "1027622", "title": "Study of vaginal cells during menstrual cycle, normal and abnormal pregnancy.", "content": "Study of vaginal cells during menstrual cycle, normal and abnormal pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027622"}
{"pmid": "1027615", "title": "Intrauterine contraceptive device-nuclei and nucleolar study of the endometrial glands after three years of use.", "content": "Intrauterine contraceptive device-nuclei and nucleolar study of the endometrial glands after three years of use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027615"}
{"pmid": "1027624", "title": "Menstrual regulation.", "content": "Menstrual regulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027624"}
{"pmid": "1027625", "title": "Male factor in sterility.", "content": "Male factor in sterility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027625"}
{"pmid": "1027627", "title": "Evaluation of prostaglandin F2 alpha and hypertonic saline as abortifacients.", "content": "Evaluation of prostaglandin F2 alpha and hypertonic saline as abortifacients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027627"}
{"pmid": "1027626", "title": "Hypertonic solutions in mid-trimester abortions a comparative analysis of different solutions and different methods.", "content": "Hypertonic solutions in mid-trimester abortions a comparative analysis of different solutions and different methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027626"}
{"pmid": "1027628", "title": "Intra-amniotic injection of hypertonic saline through cervical canal.", "content": "Intra-amniotic injection of hypertonic saline through cervical canal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027628"}
{"pmid": "1027629", "title": "Post-saline vaginal ligation of tubes.", "content": "Post-saline vaginal ligation of tubes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027629"}
{"pmid": "1027630", "title": "Statistical evaluation of effectiveness and acceptability of IUCD programme.", "content": "Statistical evaluation of effectiveness and acceptability of IUCD programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027630"}
{"pmid": "1027631", "title": "The reproductive cycle in the male polecat Putorius putorius in Britain.", "content": "The reproductive cycle in the male polecat Putorius putorius in Britain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027631"}
{"pmid": "1027632", "title": "An in vitro method for screening compounds for the effect on the rate of sickling of erythrocytes.", "content": "An in vitro method for screening compounds for the effect on the rate of sickling of erythrocytes. Since no practical animal model is available for the evaluation of compounds in vivo, we have developed an in vitro model for determining the effect of compounds on the rate of sickling of erythrocytes in whole blood taken from patients with sickle cell anaemia. RMI 6792 (a phenethanol-diamine derivative), procaine, and L-glutamine were tested in this in vitro system. RMI 6792 was tested at various concentrations in whole blood. The data indicate that RMI 6792 decreased the rate of sickling at and above 60 microgram/ml. Procaine slightly decreased sickling rate at 100 microgram/ml. L-glutamine at 555 had no inhibitory effect. RMI 6792 and procaine had no effect on the oxygen dissociation curve. RMI 6792 affected the calcium flux of the erythrocytes and the calcium concentration in the erythrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027632"}
{"pmid": "1027633", "title": "Serum quinidine levels after chronic administration of four different quinidine formulations.", "content": "Serum quinidine levels after chronic administration of four different quinidine formulations. The serum levels produced by four different quinidine formulations have been studied. The relative bioavailability of the formulations was demonstrated as were the mean peak serum levels and their timing in relation to dosage. From the data obtained, the biological half-lives were measured and the apparent volume of distribution and total body clearance were calculated for each formulation. The generic tablets of quinidine monosulphate from five different manufacturers were not significantly different from each other in any respect and produced the expected peak and trough serum level curves. The serum level curves resulting from administration of quinidine polygalacturonate (Cardioquin) were not significantly different from those resulting from the generic tablets, and this formulation may be regarded as therapeutically equivalent to the generic formulations. Both sustained-release formulations of quinidine bisulphate, Durettes and Kiditard (given at the same dosage) were shown to offer a means whereby, with simple twice-daily dosage, quinidine maintenance treatment may be continued with the confidence that the serum levels may be maintained throughout each 24-hour period without peaks into the toxic levels and troughs into the levels of no effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027633"}
{"pmid": "1027634", "title": "Systemic and coronary haemodynamic effects of the new hypotensive drug L 6150.", "content": "Systemic and coronary haemodynamic effects of the new hypotensive drug L 6150. The acute systemic and coronary haemodynamic effects of a new hypotensive drug L 6150 (3-hydrazino-6-[N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]pyridazine) have been studied in six patients with renal or essential hypertension. The drug, administered intravenously at a dose of 2-9 mg, caused a marked hypotension and increase of cardiac output in five cases. Though left ventricular work was reduced or unchanged after the drug, myocardial blood flow increased markedly, coronary resistance decreased and coronary A-V oxygen difference decreased by about 50% indicating coronary vasodilation. When compared with the available data on the effects of hydrazinophthalazine, L 6150 appeared to have qualitatively similar effects, but a somewhat greater direct coronary vasodilator effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027634"}
{"pmid": "1027636", "title": "Pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin according to administration schedule.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin according to administration schedule. Thirty subjects, free of any heart, kidney or liver disease, were given the same dosage of amoxycillin--100 mg/kg/24 hr. The first ten were given the drug in three equal doses at 8-hourly intervals, a further ten in four doses at 6-hourly intervals, and the last ten in eight doses at 3-hourly intervals. The final administration schedule resulted in much higher and more regular serum levels of amoxycillin than the other two, suitable for the treatment of severe infectious conditions, and has the advantage of avoiding prolonged antibiotic infusions which are a source of venous complications in the patient. The first results obtained clinically, which will be published in a further paper, seem favourable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027636"}
{"pmid": "1027635", "title": "A trial of Fortagesic and Paramol 118 in osteoarthritis.", "content": "A trial of Fortagesic and Paramol 118 in osteoarthritis. Fortagesic was compared with Paramol 118 in a fourteen day single-blind crossover study in patients with moderate pain due to osteoarthritis. Both preparations were shown to be similarly effective. More side-effects were seen with Paramol 118 than with Fortagesic and more patients preferred Fortagesic. These differences were not statistically significant, but it is concluded that Fortagesic is a useful effective analgesic for standard use in moderate pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027635"}
{"pmid": "1027639", "title": "Ovarian dysgerminoma, investigations on cell-and humoral-mediated immunologic reactions.", "content": "Ovarian dysgerminoma, investigations on cell-and humoral-mediated immunologic reactions. A 17-year-old girl with repeated ovarian dysgerminoma is described. Postoperative immunologic investigations prior to irradiation showed a transient increased cell--an humoral--mediated immunologic responsiveness of the patient for approximately 2 1/2 months. After irradiation, a markedly defective response to PHA was observed which improved when reexamined 11 months later. The patient is well 22 months after the second operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027639"}
{"pmid": "1027649", "title": "Scrotal circumference measurements in 764 beef bulls.", "content": "Scrotal circumference measurements in 764 beef bulls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027649"}
{"pmid": "1027650", "title": "Non-surgical recovery of bovine eggs.", "content": "Non-surgical recovery of bovine eggs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027650"}
{"pmid": "1027646", "title": "New evidences on the first appearances of the semicircular duct, cristae and cupulae in human embryos.", "content": "New evidences on the first appearances of the semicircular duct, cristae and cupulae in human embryos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027646"}
{"pmid": "1027651", "title": "Corpus luteum function in the guinea pig: effect of pgf2 alpha and inhibitors of prostaglandin and progesterone biosynthesis.", "content": "Corpus luteum function in the guinea pig: effect of pgf2 alpha and inhibitors of prostaglandin and progesterone biosynthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027651"}
{"pmid": "1027648", "title": "Critical closing pressure in the fetal vessels of the human placenta in vitro I. general characteristics, and spontaneous and induced variations.", "content": "Critical closing pressure in the fetal vessels of the human placenta in vitro I. general characteristics, and spontaneous and induced variations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027648"}
{"pmid": "1027652", "title": "Artificial insemination of sheep: the fertility of semen extended in diluents containing egg yolk and inseminated soon after dilution or stored at 5 degrees C for 24 or 48 hours.", "content": "Artificial insemination of sheep: the fertility of semen extended in diluents containing egg yolk and inseminated soon after dilution or stored at 5 degrees C for 24 or 48 hours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027652"}
{"pmid": "1027653", "title": "Antibodies to egg yolk in blood serum of rabbits and cattle and cervical mucus of cattle inseminated artificially.", "content": "Antibodies to egg yolk in blood serum of rabbits and cattle and cervical mucus of cattle inseminated artificially.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027653"}
{"pmid": "1027664", "title": "Experimental study of kanamycin concentration in blood, cerebrospinal fluid and perilymph in rabbits.", "content": "Experimental study of kanamycin concentration in blood, cerebrospinal fluid and perilymph in rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027664"}
{"pmid": "1027663", "title": "A case report of symptomless carcinoma developing in a pulmonary cyst.", "content": "A case report of symptomless carcinoma developing in a pulmonary cyst.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027663"}
{"pmid": "1027665", "title": "A study of acid-base balance of cerebrospinal fluid in man.", "content": "A study of acid-base balance of cerebrospinal fluid in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027665"}
{"pmid": "1027666", "title": "A study of acid-base balance of CSF in man: \"separated acidosis\" in CSF in the case of brain abscess.", "content": "A study of acid-base balance of CSF in man: \"separated acidosis\" in CSF in the case of brain abscess.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027666"}
{"pmid": "1027667", "title": "A case of double inferior venae cavae.", "content": "A case of double inferior venae cavae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027667"}
{"pmid": "1027668", "title": "A case of cerebral abscess in a 2 month-old infant treated by a \"perfusion method\".", "content": "A case of cerebral abscess in a 2 month-old infant treated by a \"perfusion method\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027668"}
{"pmid": "1027670", "title": "Motivation through behavior modification, part 2: Evaluation.", "content": "Motivation through behavior modification, part 2: Evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027670"}
{"pmid": "1027669", "title": "A study of acid-base balance and gases of CSF and arterial blood in cases of intracranial aneurysm in connection with neurosurgical operation.", "content": "A study of acid-base balance and gases of CSF and arterial blood in cases of intracranial aneurysm in connection with neurosurgical operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027669"}
{"pmid": "1027671", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Maintenance.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Maintenance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027671"}
{"pmid": "1027672", "title": "Nursing in a specialty facility.", "content": "Nursing in a specialty facility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027672"}
{"pmid": "1027673", "title": "Treating the total patient.", "content": "Treating the total patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027673"}
{"pmid": "1027674", "title": "Management by persuasion: prescription for the modern healthcare institution.", "content": "Management by persuasion: prescription for the modern healthcare institution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027674"}
{"pmid": "1027675", "title": "Motivation through behavior modification, part 1: The job contract.", "content": "Motivation through behavior modification, part 1: The job contract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027675"}
{"pmid": "1027677", "title": "Management of nursing care. Quality assurance: staff evaluation and a retrospective audit system.", "content": "Management of nursing care. Quality assurance: staff evaluation and a retrospective audit system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027677"}
{"pmid": "1027676", "title": "Spotlight on the staff: fiscal services.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff: fiscal services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027676"}
{"pmid": "1027678", "title": "Emergency medical technicians.", "content": "Emergency medical technicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027678"}
{"pmid": "1027679", "title": "Split-cost accounting: a more precise and equitable way to assign patient costs.", "content": "Split-cost accounting: a more precise and equitable way to assign patient costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027679"}
{"pmid": "1027681", "title": "U.S. using its clout to force revolution in blood banking.", "content": "U.S. using its clout to force revolution in blood banking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027681"}
{"pmid": "1027680", "title": "Japan II: Physicians prosper from volume, 3rd party fees.", "content": "Japan II: Physicians prosper from volume, 3rd party fees.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027680"}
{"pmid": "1027682", "title": "\"...Nor any drop to drink\".", "content": "\"...Nor any drop to drink\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027682"}
{"pmid": "1027683", "title": "Reasons for \"antibiotic failures\".", "content": "Reasons for \"antibiotic failures\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027683"}
{"pmid": "1027686", "title": "A basic body plan.", "content": "A basic body plan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027686"}
{"pmid": "1027685", "title": "Pseudomonas in the hospital.", "content": "Pseudomonas in the hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027685"}
{"pmid": "1027684", "title": "Managing neonatal infections.", "content": "Managing neonatal infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027684"}
{"pmid": "1027687", "title": "The case of the vesicocolic fistula.", "content": "The case of the vesicocolic fistula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027687"}
{"pmid": "1027689", "title": "Generic drugs and the future of therapy.", "content": "Generic drugs and the future of therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027689"}
{"pmid": "1027688", "title": "Heart disease in the elderly.", "content": "Heart disease in the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027688"}
{"pmid": "1027690", "title": "Simultaneous multiple organ support.", "content": "Simultaneous multiple organ support.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027690"}
{"pmid": "1027692", "title": "Esophageal reflux: new concepts in medical management.", "content": "Esophageal reflux: new concepts in medical management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027692"}
{"pmid": "1027691", "title": "Organic brain syndromes in the aged.", "content": "Organic brain syndromes in the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027691"}
{"pmid": "1027695", "title": "Urinary infection screening in infants.", "content": "Urinary infection screening in infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027695"}
{"pmid": "1027696", "title": "Circadian systems in man and their implications.", "content": "Circadian systems in man and their implications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027696"}
{"pmid": "1027694", "title": "Lab utilization--the profit motive.", "content": "Lab utilization--the profit motive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027694"}
{"pmid": "1027697", "title": "The case of the obstructed ureter.", "content": "The case of the obstructed ureter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027697"}
{"pmid": "1027698", "title": "Current therapy of gout and hyperuricemia.", "content": "Current therapy of gout and hyperuricemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027698"}
{"pmid": "1027705", "title": "Very unnatural foods.", "content": "Very unnatural foods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027705"}
{"pmid": "1027701", "title": "Zen and the art of getting into medical school.", "content": "Zen and the art of getting into medical school.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027701"}
{"pmid": "1027706", "title": "Functional disorders in the elderly.", "content": "Functional disorders in the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027706"}
{"pmid": "1027700", "title": "Ultrasonic echography in renal disease.", "content": "Ultrasonic echography in renal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027700"}
{"pmid": "1027702", "title": "National immunization for pandemic influenza.", "content": "National immunization for pandemic influenza.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027702"}
{"pmid": "1027699", "title": "Pneumonia syndromes in children.", "content": "Pneumonia syndromes in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027699"}
{"pmid": "1027703", "title": "Transcutaneous, noninvasive monitoring of pO2.", "content": "Transcutaneous, noninvasive monitoring of pO2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027703"}
{"pmid": "1027707", "title": "\"Cheno\" therapy for gallstones: where the Cooperative Study now stands.", "content": "\"Cheno\" therapy for gallstones: where the Cooperative Study now stands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027707"}
{"pmid": "1027709", "title": "Stroke in the geriatric patient.", "content": "Stroke in the geriatric patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027709"}
{"pmid": "1027704", "title": "Arrhythmias and antiarrhythmic therapy in context.", "content": "Arrhythmias and antiarrhythmic therapy in context.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027704"}
{"pmid": "1027708", "title": "Bureaucracy afloat on a \"Dead Sea\".", "content": "Bureaucracy afloat on a \"Dead Sea\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027708"}
{"pmid": "1027711", "title": "Managing chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression in cancer.", "content": "Managing chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression in cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027711"}
{"pmid": "1027710", "title": "GI problems in children: I.", "content": "GI problems in children: I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027710"}
{"pmid": "1027714", "title": "Suppression of immune responsiveness by a submandibular salivary gland factor.", "content": "Suppression of immune responsiveness by a submandibular salivary gland factor. Both tissue extracts prepared from submandibular salivary glands of male mice and epidermal growth factor isolated from these glands depressed the delayed type hypersensitivity response to 2,4-dinitro-1-fluorobenzene in mice. Extirpation of the submandibular salivary glands from male mice did not alter the delayed type hypersensitivity response. The role of salivary gland factors, particularly epidermal growth factor, in influencing the immune response has been discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027714"}
{"pmid": "1027713", "title": "Evidence for the genetic control of antibody affinity from breeding studies with inbred mouse strains producing high and low affinity antibody.", "content": "Evidence for the genetic control of antibody affinity from breeding studies with inbred mouse strains producing high and low affinity antibody. The amount (Abt) and relative affinity (KR) of antibody produced in response to protein antigens injected in saline has been measured in the parents, F1 hybrids and backcross offspring of inbred mice which produce high and low KR antibody to these antigens. The results obtained support the view that antibody affinity is under polygenic control. Furthermore, strain related variation in Abt is independent of KR and the breeding experiments indicate that these two parameters are under independent genetic control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027713"}
{"pmid": "1027712", "title": "Thymic hormone activity and spontaneous autoimmunity in dwarf mice and their littermates.", "content": "Thymic hormone activity and spontaneous autoimmunity in dwarf mice and their littermates. Serum thymic hormone activity (TA) was determined in hereditary hypopituitary dwarf mice (dw/dw) and their littermates (+/dw or +/+). It was found to be very low in the dwarf animals in comparison to their littermates. At 14 weeks of age, the dwarf littermates exhibited significant glomerular lesions characterized by deposits of IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgA, IgM and C3, which were augmented by thymectomy of adult females. In contrast, hypopituitary dwarf mice had minimal glomerular deposits of immunoglobulins. Unlike these animals, their littermates showed antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) antibodies in their serum. The present findings are discussed in relation to recent hypotheses on: (1) the role of the hypophysis in thymus-dependent immunological functions; and (2) the significance of T-cell deficiency in the development of autoimmunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027712"}
{"pmid": "1027717", "title": "Demonstration of thymus-independent immune system in Xenopus laevis. Response to polyvinylpyrrolidone.", "content": "Demonstration of thymus-independent immune system in Xenopus laevis. Response to polyvinylpyrrolidone. Larvae of Xenopus laevis were thymectomized at stage 45 (4 days old), and raised beyond metamorphosis. Thymectomized toads, when injected with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), produced the same titres of antibodies as non-thymectomized animals, providing strong evidence that the thymus-independent immune response is present in this anuran. Antibodies were of exclusively high molecular weight, heat-stable, and 2-mercaptoethanol sensitive. After immunization, lymphoid accumulations were evident in the splenic white pulp of both thymectomized and non-thymectomized toads, but in the red pulp the accumulations were prominent only in non-thymectomized toads.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027717"}
{"pmid": "1027693", "title": "Bangladesh: a few healthy islands in a sea of misery.", "content": "Bangladesh: a few healthy islands in a sea of misery. The desperate economic and health situation in Bangladesh is described.  The country is the most densely populated of any on earth and the 8th most populous in the world.  Dr. T. Hossain, Secretary of Health and Family Planning, has established an organization of family welfare workers who take health improvement measures and general life improvement techniques, e.g., agricultural instruction, to the countryside.  The work of other concerned doctors is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027693"}
{"pmid": "1027715", "title": "A phagocytosis-enhancing factor in human plasma.", "content": "A phagocytosis-enhancing factor in human plasma. A phagocytosis-enhancing factor (PEF) with the capacity to stimulate the ingestion of sensitized sheep erythrocytes by human polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leucocytes has been isolated from human plasma by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and filtration on Sephadex G-150 and Sephadex G-100. PEF is a protein of approximately 70,000 molecular weight which is susceptible to inactivation by heating at 60 degrees or by tryptic digestion. PEF promotes phagocytosis of erythrocytes sensitized with intact 7S antibody or bearing the C3b complement fragment, but not of unsensitized erythrocytes or erythrocytes sensitized with 19S antibody. The specificity of PEF interaction with target erythrocytes and the persistence of its stimulatory effect after the target cells are washed suggest that it promotes phagocytosis by an action on the erythrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027715"}
{"pmid": "1027716", "title": "A lipid chemotactic factor from anaerobic coryneform bacteria including Corynebacterium parvum with activity for macrophages and monocytes.", "content": "A lipid chemotactic factor from anaerobic coryneform bacteria including Corynebacterium parvum with activity for macrophages and monocytes. A lipid with chemoattractant (chemotactic) activity for mouse and guinea-pig macrophages and for human blood monocytes is released by anaerobic coryneform bacteria (including Corynebacterium parvum). The active lipid is associated with fibrillar structures which lie on the outside of the bacterial cell and are released spontaneously during growth. The lipid can also be extracted easily by a number of methods. The fibrils are loosely associated with a capsule-like structure composed largely of polysaccharide. Purification of the active lipid was achieved by chloroform-methanol extraction of the whole organisms yielding a chloroform-soluble fraction attracting mononuclear phagocytes at concentrations around 10 microgram/ml. The infra-red spectrum of this material showed lipid but no peptide or sugar. Thin-layer chromatography yielded twelve spots of which three had chemoattractant properties. The most active of these gave staining reactions consistent with the presence of phospholipid, the other two probably contained free fatty acids and triglycerides. Thin-layer electrophoresis also yielded an active phosphorus-containing spot. Saturated fatty acids of chain lengths found in the anaerobic coryne forms had weak monocyte-attractant activity. As the active material was progressively purified, its activity as a monocyte attractant weakened.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027716"}
{"pmid": "1027718", "title": "Quantitative and qualitative effects of cyclophosphamide administration on circulating polymorphonuclear leucocytes.", "content": "Quantitative and qualitative effects of cyclophosphamide administration on circulating polymorphonuclear leucocytes. The effect of cyclophosphamide (CY) on the absolute numbers and function of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) surviving in the circulation following either a single dose (100 mg/kg, i.p.) or daily administration (20 mg/kg, i.p., for 5 days) was studied in the guinea-pig. The quantitative effect of CY on peripheral blood leucocytes was assessed by measuring the absolute numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes daily for 5 days following the initial injection of CY. The qualitative effects of CY on PMN function were determined by measuring the ability of these cells to function as killer cells. The two functional assays employed were the PMN-mediated PHA-induced cellular cytotoxicity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) assays against chicken erythrocyte targets. Both regimens of CY administration produced an equivalent degree of leukopenia 5 days after the initial injection with disproportionately severe neutropenia (less than 300 PMN/mm3). However, neither regimen of CY administration produced a significant decrease in cytotoxic effector function as measured through a wide range of effector to target cell ratios, PHA concentrations, and antiserum dilutions. These findings have clinical relevance in that they demonstrate the dichotomy between the quantitative and qualitative effects of (CY) on PMNs in that CY administration can dramatically decrease the absolute numbers of circulating polymorphonuclear leucocytes while leaving intact certain effector cell functional capabilities of those PMN surviving in the circulation during drug administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027718"}
{"pmid": "1027719", "title": "Reaction of an activated complex of guinea-pig complement components, C56, with unsensitized erythrocytes and with erythrocytes carrying C3b molecule.", "content": "Reaction of an activated complex of guinea-pig complement components, C56, with unsensitized erythrocytes and with erythrocytes carrying C3b molecule. During the interaction of guinea-pig complement intermediate cells, EAC423, with guinea-pig C5 and C6, an activated complex of C5 and C6, C56, was demonstrated in the fluid phase of the reaction mixture. C56 also was eluted from EAC42356 which had been generated by the interaction of EAC423 with C5 and C6. Both preparations of C56 showed quite similar characteristics and were not distinguished from one another. Both were capable of reacting with unsensitized erythrocytes (E) in the presence of C7 to form EC567. Further, they were able to react with EAC43 in the absence of C7 to form EAC43568 but did react with EAC43 pretreated with C3b inactivator, dithiothreitol or N-bromosuccinimide. These results indicate that guinea-pig C56 generated on EAC423 has a tendency to dissociate into the fluid phase. Nevertheless, the dissociated C56 can bind again to intact C3b molecule on the cells. The ability of cell-bound C3b to combine with C56 may lead to localization of C56 to the cell membrane carrying C3b, resulting in acceleration of attachment of C567 to the membrane. This assumption could be supported by the finding that the replacement of E by EAC43 increased the susceptibility of the cells to lytic action of complement induced by cobra venom factor. Thus, a new function of cell-bound C3b as localizing C56 to the membrane of sensitized cells was indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027719"}
{"pmid": "1027720", "title": "Local immunity in the respiratory tract of the chicken. I. Transudation of circulating antibody in normal and virus-infected birds.", "content": "Local immunity in the respiratory tract of the chicken. I. Transudation of circulating antibody in normal and virus-infected birds. Three-week-old chickens were given sheep erythrocytes or bovine serum albumin intravenously. Seven days later their tears and saliva possessed low levels of antibody to those antigens. Concurrent infection with lentogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) caused a significant increase in transuded antibody in those fluids. In chickens with circulating antibody to NDV, induced by parenterally administered inactivated vaccine, respiratory infection with heterologous infectious bronchitis virus resulted in limited transudation of anti-NDV. In contrast, the tears, saliva and tracheal fluid of non-vaccinated chickens undergoing primary infection with NDV acquired considerable levels of specific anti-NDV. The difference between the two groups is attributed to locally synthesized antibody.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027720"}
{"pmid": "1027724", "title": "Immune response in the garter snake (Thamnophis ordinoides).", "content": "Immune response in the garter snake (Thamnophis ordinoides). Garter snakes (Thamnophis ordinoides) were immunized with hen egg albumin, human gamma-globulin and Keyhole limpet haemocyanin in Freund's adjuvant. Antibody was consistently detected by radioimmunoelectrophoresis and in three different gamma- and beta-globulin precipitin lines called IgM (approximately or equal to 20S), Ig-1 (approximately or equal to 9S) and Ig-2 (approximately or equal to 8-5S). Early antibody (day 31 after immunization) was frequently Ig-M whereas Ig-2 and especially Ig-1 were detectable for the longest duration (992 days). After immunization with antigen in Freund's adjuvant, Ig-1 serum concentration showed the greatest increase, from almost undetectable levels to the most prominent immunoglobulin in immune serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027724"}
{"pmid": "1027722", "title": "Intracellular modifications induced in mouse submaxillary glands by antibodies directed against saliva.", "content": "Intracellular modifications induced in mouse submaxillary glands by antibodies directed against saliva. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether an antibody directed against the exocrine secretion, saliva, is able to induce a modification in vivo within the specific cells of the submaxillary glands which synthesize this secretion. The salivary antigens synthesized within the glandular acinar cells are secreted into their respective lumen and are not present in the general circulation or in the intercellular spaces of the gland. When heterologous anti-saliva antibodies are injected into mice, they induce marked lesions within the acinar cells of the submaxillary glands. When different antibodies recognizing different salivary components are injected, they all induce similar modifications; it is not yet possible to distinguish whether different cells are involved in the synthesis of the different salivary components. The lesions described seem specific since other organs studied, such as the pancreas and the stomach, are unaffected. The different possible mechanisms of this cytotoxic effect are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027722"}
{"pmid": "1027721", "title": "Specific suppression of delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to collagen in guinea-pigs after immunization with collagen and Freund's incomplete adjuvant.", "content": "Specific suppression of delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to collagen in guinea-pigs after immunization with collagen and Freund's incomplete adjuvant. Partial suppression of cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity reactions to collagen in guinea-pigs was induced by pre-immunization with collagen and FIA. This suppression is specific since: (a) pretreatment with OA and FIA or FIA alone did not cause suppression of skin reactions to collagen; (b) suppression was observed only if the collagen used for pretreatment was from the same species as that employed for sensitization for delayed hypersensitivity reactions; and (c) animals with depressed skin reactivity to collagen reacted normally to PPD. The suppression is not mediated by inducible, circulating antibodies to collagen since: (a) antibody titres measured by passive haemagglutination did not correlate with the degree of suppression; (b) suppression was observed with collagen in random coil conformation which sensitizes guinea-pigs for delayed hypersensitivity skin reaction but does not induce antibodies to denatured collagen; (c) best suppression was obtained if the animals were pretreated with collagen and FIA 3 days before the sensitizing injection; and (d) passively transferred antibody from animals with suppressed skin reactivity did not suppress skin reactivity of animals made hypersensitive to collagen by injection of collagen and FCA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027721"}
{"pmid": "1027723", "title": "Further characterization of IgA in chicken serum and secretions with evidence of a possible analogue of mammalian secretory component.", "content": "Further characterization of IgA in chicken serum and secretions with evidence of a possible analogue of mammalian secretory component. Immunochemical studies of the intestinal secretory immune system of the chicken have led to further characterization of IgA in bile, intestinal contents and serum. A component was detected in late Sephadex G-200 fractions of caecal and intestinal contents which showed partial identity with bile, intestinal and a high molecular weight fraction of serum IgA. This component showed similar sedimentation characteristics to bovine serum albumin in sucrose density gradients, a fast electrophoretic mobility on polyacrylamide gel and is a possible analogue of mammalian secretory component (SC). Fractionation of serum from birds affected with infectious synovitis revealed two moleculare classes of IgA. Comparative double diffusion studies produced a reaction of complete identity between bile IgA and high molecular weight serum IgA (15S) and partial identity with low molecular weight serum IgA (7S), suggesting a lack of an SC determinant on the latter. A spur of partial identity between 15S and 7S serum IgA was also observed. Although no direct structural homology with mammalian or human IgA could be demonstrated by immunological cross-reactivity, the similarities of molecular characteristics, particularly emphasized by the presence of a secretory component, favour a functional analogy between the secretory immune system of the fowl and mammalian species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027723"}
{"pmid": "1027725", "title": "Studies on the role of suppressor cells in specific unresponsiveness to DNCB.", "content": "Studies on the role of suppressor cells in specific unresponsiveness to DNCB. Lymph nodes--and to a lesser extent spleen cells--from guinea-pigs tolerant to DNCB contact sensitivity, when injected into normal syngeneic guinea-pigs, decrease the ability of the recipients to become sensitized to contact with DNCB. The difference between the complete tolerance transferred by parabiosis with tolerant partners and the partial tolerance induced by transfer of tolerant cells can be explained by the different numbers of cells homing in the recipients. The tolergen does not play any role in the transfer of tolerance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027725"}
{"pmid": "1027727", "title": "The nature of the local immune system of the bovine small intestine.", "content": "The nature of the local immune system of the bovine small intestine. In an examination of the immunoglobulins of the small intestine of calve, IgG1 was the major immunoglobulin in the secretions, and IgA was present in smaller amounts. Immunohistochemical studies showed few IgA containing plasma cells but many cells that stained with anti-IgG antiserum. Histological evidence of transport of IgG1 across the crypt epithelial cell was found. Studies with 125I-labelled IgG1 indicated that a significant proportion of IgG1 in the intestine originated in serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027727"}
{"pmid": "1027726", "title": "Specialized structure and metabolic activities of high endothelial venules in rat lymphatic tissues.", "content": "Specialized structure and metabolic activities of high endothelial venules in rat lymphatic tissues. Microscopic, histochemical and ultrastructural techniques were used to define characteristics of high endothelial venules (HEV) in rat lymphatic tissues. This endothelium contained acetyl esterase and acid hydrolase activities which were not altered by lymphocyte depletion. No immunoglobulins were detected on luminal surfaces of HEV by fluorescent antibody staining. Only minor structural differences were seen between HEV within lymph nodes and Peyer's patches. At both sites, high endothelial cells were linked together by macular junctional complexes and interlocking basal foot processes. Endothelial cell cytoplasm moulded about surfaces of lymphocytes migrating through the venular wall, and flocculant deposits of basement membrane formed over lymphocytes penetrating the basal lamina. The endothelium was ensheathed by three to five layers of overlapping reticular cell plates and connective tissue. Each plate was linked to the reticular meshwork of the node by collagen bundles and anchoring filaments which inserted into the plate's external limiting membrane. This permitted individual paltes to separate or approximate each other as tissue and intravascular pressure varied, and lymphocytes moved across the sheath by insinuating themselves into gaps between overlapping plates. This composite structure of the HEV wall appeared to facilitate lymphocyte entry into the node and minimized vascular leakge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027726"}
{"pmid": "1027730", "title": "Effect of certain dilutors on the morphology of ram spermatozoa on preservation at 5 degrees C.", "content": "Effect of certain dilutors on the morphology of ram spermatozoa on preservation at 5 degrees C.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027730"}
{"pmid": "1027728", "title": "Requirements of buffalo spermatozoa under storage.", "content": "Requirements of buffalo spermatozoa under storage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027728"}
{"pmid": "1027731", "title": "The circadian variations of the rates of excretion of urinary electrolytes and of deep body temperature.", "content": "The circadian variations of the rates of excretion of urinary electrolytes and of deep body temperature. 53 apparently healthy subjects were studied for control spans of between 60 and 184 hours while they followed a regular pattern of meals, ambulance and sleep before experiments on altered time schedules. Urine was collected and deep body temperature was measured every 2 hours while they were awake, and in some rectal temperature was also recorded during sleep. Urine was analysed for sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphate and creatinine and in 26 subjects also for calcium and uric acid. The rhythms of temperature, urine flow, and rate of excretion of each urinary solute, are presented as consinors. The two rhythms most closely linked were of excretion of chloride and sodium; the choloride acrophase led the sodium acrophase by one a half hours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027731"}
{"pmid": "1027732", "title": "Effects of meal timing on circadian rhythms in 9 physiologic variables of young healthy but obese women on a calorie restricted diet.", "content": "Effects of meal timing on circadian rhythms in 9 physiologic variables of young healthy but obese women on a calorie restricted diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027732"}
{"pmid": "1027733", "title": "Two biological rhythms of perception distinguishing between intact and relatively damaged brain function in man.", "content": "Two biological rhythms of perception distinguishing between intact and relatively damaged brain function in man. A simple test of perception, the Critical Flicker Fusion threshold (CFF) was given successively for 20 mins. to 69 healthy subjects aged 7-63 and to 53 comparable neuropsychiatric patients. The latter could be divided into a functionally sick group and a group with brain damage. Auto-correlation analysis revealed significant sine-wave cycles of amplitude and ultradian frequency for the CFF mean scores and the CFF \"Scatter* scores. Both cycles of recurrence showed frequencies which distinguished significantly between the total healthy subjects and the patients. Further analysis showed no difference between controls and emotionally sick patients (i.e. those with sociopathy, schizophrenia and manic depressive psychosis) but there was a highly significant difference between these three groups and patients with relatively damaged C.N.S. (i.e. those with mental deficiency, organic brain syndrome and organic dementia). Even among the control group a progressive increase in frequency of these perceptual cycles occurred with advancing age. These CFF results point to the existence of a cycle of perceptual acuity and another of vigilance in the organism. Both appear to relate to the neural integrity of the C.N.S.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027733"}
{"pmid": "1027734", "title": "A chronobiological investigation of fitness for work in women on a 220 cal 24 h protein diet.", "content": "A chronobiological investigation of fitness for work in women on a 220 cal 24 h protein diet. In a group of nine healthy but obese women a set of tests were used to estimate several physiological and psycho-physiological variables: self-rating of hunger, mood and physical vigor, self-recording of grip-strength, muscular fatigue test, eye-hand skill, tempo, etc. Measurements were performed every 6-hours, at fixed times, during 24-hours, once a week, before (non-restricted spontaneous food intake) and for three weeks on a 220 cal. special protein diet (calcium caseinate: 55g, associated with potassium salts, water and vitamins). Findings relating to the metabolic and hormonal variables while on this diet have already been reported: (a) The diet does not alter the circadian acrophase (peak) of the variables and (b) two distinct metabolic steps occur: first a peak of gluconeogenesis and second, a phase when ketone bodies and fatty acids are used almost exclusively as source of fuel. The present findings show that so long as nitrogen remains in balance this restricted diet (a) does not change the grip strength and the muscular fatigue test; (b) does not alter the mood, the physical vigor etc. and (c) induces a statistically significant fall in \"hunger\" (self-rating method). We conclude that this low protein diet is compatible with non-strenuous work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027734"}
{"pmid": "1027738", "title": "A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms.", "content": "A self-assessment questionnaire to determine morningness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. An English language self-assessment Morningness-Eveningness questionnaire is presented and evaluated against individual differences in the circadian vatiation of oral temperature. 48 subjects falling into Morning, Evening and Intermediate type categories regularly took their temperature. Circadian peak time were identified from the smoothed temperature curves of each subject. Results showed that Morning types and a significantly earlier peak time than Evening types and tended to have a higher daytime temperature and lower post peak temperature. The Intermediate type had temperatures between those of the other groups. Although no significant differences in sleep lengths were found between the three types, Morning types retired and arose significantly earlier than Evening types. Whilst these time significatly correlated with peak time, the questionnaire showed a higher peak time correlation. Although sleep habits are an important déterminant of peak time there are other contibutory factors, and these appear to be partly covered by the questionnaire. Although the questionnaire appears to be valid, further evaluation using a wider subject population is required.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027738"}
{"pmid": "1027735", "title": "The chronomutagenic effect of deuterium oxide on the period and entrainment of a biological rhythm. II. The reestablishment of lost entrainment by artificial LD cycles.", "content": "The chronomutagenic effect of deuterium oxide on the period and entrainment of a biological rhythm. II. The reestablishment of lost entrainment by artificial LD cycles. Mice caused to ingest 25% or 30% deuterium oxide could no longer be entrained to a 12:12 light-dark cycle. Reentrainment could be established by artificially lengthening the light-dark cycle from a natural 24-hours one, to LD 13:13 or 14:14. It is noted that the relationship between biological rhythms and the ambient LD cycle is strikingly similar to that between coupled unidirectional physical oscillators. It is concluded that while the similarity between the responses of a great many organismic rhythms to deuterium oxide administration suggests that the biological clocks of all organisms are very similar, if not the same, a substance with more specificity to key biological processes than D2O will be required to eventually elucidate the escapement mechanism of the enigmatic living clock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027735"}
{"pmid": "1027737", "title": "Irradiation-induced changes in circadian DDT-susceptibility and metabolic rhythms in the housefly.", "content": "Irradiation-induced changes in circadian DDT-susceptibility and metabolic rhythms in the housefly. The diel pattern of susceptibility to DDT of houseflies, reared under LD 14 : 10, was shown to be affected by 10 Krads of gamma radiation administered at the pupal stage. An additional peak in susceptibility of the flies to DDT corresponded to the time of irradiation of the pupae. Irradiated flies had higher general LD50 values than untreated flies. Flies reared in darkness demonstrated no discernable group rhythm apart from an altered susceptibility at the pupal irradiation time. Respiration rates of irradiated flies were slightly lower than the control flies and did not change at the time of irradiation. Groups of flies reared in darkness have no significant respiration rhythm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027737"}
{"pmid": "1027736", "title": "Acetabulaira mediterranea: circadian rhythms of photosynthesis and associated changes in molecular structure of the thylakoid membranes.", "content": "Acetabulaira mediterranea: circadian rhythms of photosynthesis and associated changes in molecular structure of the thylakoid membranes. Acetabularia mediterranea algae, grown in three different light-dark regimes, were frozen in liquid nitrogen at c.t.(1) 0 and c.t. 6 and a record made of 77 degrees K fluorescence emission spectra of their chloroplasts. Algae grown under LD cycles exhibited a clear circadian rhythm of oxygen production. The low temperature fluorescence emission spectrum at c.t.0 was different from that at c.t.6 and this difference was increased by submitting the algae to successive \"freeze-thaw\" treatment. Similar results were obtained in DD, and the photosynthesis rhythm remained fully expressed. Algae grown in LL, where no rhythm of photosynthesis could be detected in the samples because there is a great individual variability in period lenght under these conditions, exhibited a similar difference in their low temperature flourescence emission spectra between c.t.0 and c.t.6. We conclude that the circadian rhythm in low-temperature fluorescence emission of the chloroplasts in Acetabularia is related to the circadian rhythm in photosynthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027736"}
{"pmid": "1027743", "title": "On putrefactions and floatations of dead bodies under water (supplement).", "content": "On putrefactions and floatations of dead bodies under water (supplement).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027743"}
{"pmid": "1027745", "title": "Platelet migration inhibition test for platelet antibodies...parameters and simplified methodology.", "content": "Platelet migration inhibition test for platelet antibodies...parameters and simplified methodology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027745"}
{"pmid": "1027744", "title": "An autopsy case of sacrococcygeal teratoma with overgrowth of immature tissue.", "content": "An autopsy case of sacrococcygeal teratoma with overgrowth of immature tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027744"}
{"pmid": "1027747", "title": "Protection against alloxan inhibition of insulin release by glucose, cytochalasin B and diphenylhydantoin.", "content": "Protection against alloxan inhibition of insulin release by glucose, cytochalasin B and diphenylhydantoin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027747"}
{"pmid": "1027746", "title": "The impaired insulin release in response to oral glucose in patients with gastric ulcer.", "content": "The impaired insulin release in response to oral glucose in patients with gastric ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027746"}
{"pmid": "1027759", "title": "Hypnosis therapy for ciliary spasm.", "content": "Hypnosis therapy for ciliary spasm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027759"}
{"pmid": "1027765", "title": "Impact testing of ophthalmic lenses: stress distribution and the \"search\" theory.", "content": "Impact testing of ophthalmic lenses: stress distribution and the \"search\" theory. Elementary concepts in fracture mechanics, stress analysis, and impact are discussed as they pertain to fracture of lenses in drop ball testing. Quasi-static estimates for stress distributions during impact are obtained. These profiles show a sharp peak in the tensile stress under the impact point. Identical groups of lenses were impact tested in two different modes: 1) 25 impacts at a single spot on the lens, 2) 1 impact at each of 25 different spots. Much more breakage was observed in the latter group. Both the experimental and analytical considerations lend support to the \"search\" theory of drop ball testing--fracture occurs when the ball strikes a weak spot (where there exists a sufficiently severe flaw) on the lens. Lenses which pass an impact test may well have dangerous flaws away from the impact point.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027765"}
{"pmid": "1027762", "title": "A new technique for detection of early central serous retinopathy.", "content": "A new technique for detection of early central serous retinopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027762"}
{"pmid": "1027763", "title": "Use of a pupillary lens in aphakia.", "content": "Use of a pupillary lens in aphakia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027763"}
{"pmid": "1027760", "title": "Culture and the development of vision.", "content": "Culture and the development of vision. Given Chinese ethnographic data, a model of a style of visual performance was predicted. The prediction was that the style would be \"inwardizing\". Inwardizing was related to individual styles of social behavior as observed in optometric offices. A complete 21-point optometric examination was performed on Chinese subjects and the results were compared to a control group of American subjects. Throughout the optometric examination the Chinese subjects displayed the predicted pattern of inwardizing visual performance. That physiologically measurable patterns of visual performance could be predicted on the basis of ethnographic data gives experimental support to the anthropological assumption of reciprocity between biology and culture. The discovery of a culturally determined pattern of visual performance beyond the work already done with various isolated refractive conditions and the observed relationship of this to patterns of social behavior pose interesting tasks for anthropology, optometry and other professions. First, there is need for further investigation of 1) the role of culture in determining visual performance and 2) the relationship of visual performance patterns to social behavior, beyond that which has already been done, for example, with myopia and hyperopia. Then there is need to incorporate these new areas of knowledge into all fields dealing with human behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027760"}
{"pmid": "1027767", "title": "Ethics and the consumer.", "content": "Ethics and the consumer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027767"}
{"pmid": "1027761", "title": "Systemic arterial blood pressure and its relevance to optometric practice.", "content": "Systemic arterial blood pressure and its relevance to optometric practice. The measurement of systemic blood pressure is a very significant detection test that can provide a great deal of information for the optometrist. The blood pressure readings can be critical in aiding the practitioner's evaluation of both the patient's visual health and related systemic condition and in indicating the possible need for referral. This paper presents a general survey of the benefits blood pressure measurements can provide in the optometric practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027761"}
{"pmid": "1027764", "title": "Clinical manifestations of visual information processing: part I.", "content": "Clinical manifestations of visual information processing: part I. This paper discusses three aspects of visual information processing and their significance to clinical optometric practice. It analyzes the factors involved in central-peripheral organization, pictorial-linguistic interaction and total versus partial utilization os sensorimotor information as they relate to perceptual style and visual function. It emphasizes these factors as possibly being the commonalities behind many of the divergent yet generally successful theoretical frameworks and techniques utilized in optometric diagnosis and therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027764"}
{"pmid": "1027766", "title": "Should there be a restriction of optometric treatment?", "content": "Should there be a restriction of optometric treatment? The restriction of optometric services in third party payment programs is of considerable concern to the profession. Limitations placed on the type and amount of lens prescriptions which can be provided is not in the best interest of the patient. Those outside the profession of optometry must be made aware of the significance of ophthalmic lens prescriptions in terms of total visual performance rather than mere correction of \"significant\" refractive errors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027766"}
{"pmid": "1027768", "title": "Research in orthokeratology. Part III: results and observations.", "content": "Research in orthokeratology. Part III: results and observations. The effects of contact lenses, fitted by defined conventional and orthokeratological techniques, are given and compared to a group of non-contact lens wearers. Data presented include changes in corneal curvature, topography, refraction and astigmatism. General trends and variability of data are discussed in conjunction with pertinent clinical observations for the three test groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027768"}
{"pmid": "1027770", "title": "Tear breakup time and the Schirmer tear test.", "content": "Tear breakup time and the Schirmer tear test. An analysis of tear film breakup time (BUT) and the Schirmer tear test in 40 optometric students demonstrated that BUT cannot be used as a tear quantity indicator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027770"}
{"pmid": "1027769", "title": "The interpretation of systemic arterial blood pressure. Part III: hypertension retinopathy.", "content": "The interpretation of systemic arterial blood pressure. Part III: hypertension retinopathy. Systemic blood pressure is a vital sign and fundamental variable and as such the areas of its involvement in all individuals are indeed multifaceted. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the interpretation of systemic blood pressure readings as they specifically relate to a detailed analysis of hypertensive retinopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027769"}
{"pmid": "1027771", "title": "A descriptive epidemiological study of optometry services in the Birmingham Veterans Administration Hospital.", "content": "A descriptive epidemiological study of optometry services in the Birmingham Veterans Administration Hospital. The Optometry Service in the Birmingham Veterans Administration Hospital has been delivering comprehensive vision care to outpatients and inpatients for almost 3 years. The veteran population receiving care and the optometric services provi4ed are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027771"}
{"pmid": "1027772", "title": "The rural optometrist: who and why?", "content": "The rural optometrist: who and why? A first step toward the goal of better optometric manpower distribution is the identification of variables associated with the optometrist's choice of practice location. This study focuses on the optometrist who chooses a rural practice location and on ways in which the rural optometrist differs from the non-rural optometrist. One hundred sixty optometrists practicing in rural locations in ten states answered questions about their background, mode of optometric practice, attitude toward the environment, interests, and personality traits. Rural optometrists were found to differ from other optometrists in their rural origin, their strong liking for the people and life style of the rural community, and their interest in outdoor pursuits. Community recognition as a health professional, rapid practice growth, professional independence, and the opportunity for community leadership were seen by the rural optometrist as major advantages of rural optometric practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027772"}
{"pmid": "1027742", "title": "Notes from NYC's fiscal crisis: North Central Bronx Hospital fiasco.", "content": "Notes from NYC's fiscal crisis: North Central Bronx Hospital fiasco.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027742"}
{"pmid": "1027729", "title": "Preservation of Jersey bull semen at ambient temperature in Russian dilutor.", "content": "Preservation of Jersey bull semen at ambient temperature in Russian dilutor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027729"}
{"pmid": "1027774", "title": "The fear of extinction.", "content": "The fear of extinction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027774"}
{"pmid": "1027741", "title": "Ford-Carter checklist on health issues.", "content": "Ford-Carter checklist on health issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027741"}
{"pmid": "1027778", "title": "Optometry and NHI--where are we going.", "content": "Optometry and NHI--where are we going. The author reviews and estimates the overall trend toward some form of national health entitlement against a background of optometry's position on this issue. He summarizes how optometric services are included in most major NHI bills, and explains the relationship to NHI of the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974. Stressed are the needs for optometry to more accurately describe its own role and to continue active interest in the NHI issue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027778"}
{"pmid": "1027773", "title": "A preliminary report of posterior corneal changes occurring in SOFLENS wearers.", "content": "A preliminary report of posterior corneal changes occurring in SOFLENS wearers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027773"}
{"pmid": "1027739", "title": "Disaster in plastic. The vinyl chloride coverup.", "content": "Disaster in plastic. The vinyl chloride coverup.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027739"}
{"pmid": "1027779", "title": "Optometry and the military.", "content": "Optometry and the military. This article comments on several of the major issues facing military optometry which were aired earlier this year at the AOA Federal Service Optometry Seminar. Among these issues, all of which influence recruitment and retention of optometry officers, are constructive credit, bonus and incentive pay, promotion policies, and optimum scope of care. Dr. Turner emphasizes that solutions to these problem areas depend not only upon AOA actions but also personal efforts and professionalism of military OD's.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027779"}
{"pmid": "1027775", "title": "Optometry in 1976--like the old country in 1948.", "content": "Optometry in 1976--like the old country in 1948.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027775"}
{"pmid": "1027780", "title": "Professional participation in HMO's.", "content": "Professional participation in HMO's. As HMO's spring up throughout the country, a conflict between state and federal laws becomes evident. The traditional standards of practice by which the solo practitioner abides may no longer be enforceable against those physicians, dentists, and optometrists working in HMO's.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027780"}
{"pmid": "1027782", "title": "Rationalizing the delivery of eye care--part I.", "content": "Rationalizing the delivery of eye care--part I. The often proclaimed health care crisis has led to a variety of efforts to reorganize and rationalize the existing health care system. One such effort has been to develop a conceptual model for the delivery of personal health services in which the region is the fundamental planning unit and levels of care form its organizational framework. Three levels of care are defined--primary, secondary, and tertiary--each level being based on a combination of the frequency with which a service is needed and its professional and technical sophistication. The regionalization of health services would serve to \"achieve a balance between the public's request for decentralized resources and the centralization required so that they may be used efficiently.\"", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027782"}
{"pmid": "1027781", "title": "Comprehensive vision care: a model.", "content": "Comprehensive vision care: a model. This paper suggests a model for the practice of vision care in which the optometrist and ophthalmologist are each used to maximum advantage. It is demonstrated how the present antagonism between the two fields can be removed with a resultant enhancement of the practice of both optometry and ophthalmology. The natural outcome of the new relationship will be better vision care for the public.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027781"}
{"pmid": "1027776", "title": "HMO--here's what it's all about.", "content": "HMO--here's what it's all about.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027776"}
{"pmid": "1027777", "title": "Health planning and resources development: an opportunity for optometry.", "content": "Health planning and resources development: an opportunity for optometry. The American Optometric Association views the goal of the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974, as the promotion of physical, emotional and environmental health for all. The National Health Planning and Resources Development Act will work towards this goal by identifying problems, preparing reports and studies and developing recommendations for implementation directed toward solving the problems. These functions will be carried out in collaboration with private and governmental individuals and organizations concerned with health care services. Only through this coordinated effort will success be achieved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027777"}
{"pmid": "1027787", "title": "The philosophy of contact lens fitting--updated.", "content": "The philosophy of contact lens fitting--updated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027787"}
{"pmid": "1027785", "title": "The contact lens of the future.", "content": "The contact lens of the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027785"}
{"pmid": "1027784", "title": "Malignant hypertension.", "content": "Malignant hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027784"}
{"pmid": "1027786", "title": "Contact lenses in review: 1975.", "content": "Contact lenses in review: 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027786"}
{"pmid": "1027783", "title": "Optometric manpower development and utilization: a look toward the future.", "content": "Optometric manpower development and utilization: a look toward the future. This paper attempts to discuss in detail the rise in demand for optometric services and the manpower problems of the future. A proposal for the rational future development of optometric manpower has been made. Hopefully optometry will be able to consider its future development and scope of practice, and the types of changes to be made as the profession prepares for its increasing role in providing quality vision care to all Americans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027783"}
{"pmid": "1027788", "title": "The physiology of contact lens systems.", "content": "The physiology of contact lens systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027788"}
{"pmid": "1027789", "title": "Importance of oxygen in contact lens wear.", "content": "Importance of oxygen in contact lens wear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027789"}
{"pmid": "1027790", "title": "Psychology and contact lenses.", "content": "Psychology and contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027790"}
{"pmid": "1027791", "title": "Corneal edema from hard and hydrogel contact lenses.", "content": "Corneal edema from hard and hydrogel contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027791"}
{"pmid": "1027792", "title": "The effect of contact lenses on visual function.", "content": "The effect of contact lenses on visual function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027792"}
{"pmid": "1027793", "title": "Refitting the contact lens patient.", "content": "Refitting the contact lens patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027793"}
{"pmid": "1027800", "title": "The Bausch & Lomb SOFLENS (R) contact lens.", "content": "The Bausch & Lomb SOFLENS (R) contact lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027800"}
{"pmid": "1027794", "title": "Continuous wear of contact lenses.", "content": "Continuous wear of contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027794"}
{"pmid": "1027801", "title": "The Aquaflex hydrophilic contact lens.", "content": "The Aquaflex hydrophilic contact lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027801"}
{"pmid": "1027802", "title": "The Softcon (TM) lens...an overview.", "content": "The Softcon (TM) lens...an overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027802"}
{"pmid": "1027803", "title": "The Durasoft (TM) contact lens.", "content": "The Durasoft (TM) contact lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027803"}
{"pmid": "1027804", "title": "Development of the GELFLEX contact lens.", "content": "Development of the GELFLEX contact lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027804"}
{"pmid": "1027805", "title": "Hydrocurve.", "content": "Hydrocurve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027805"}
{"pmid": "1027796", "title": "Low vision care and contact lenses.", "content": "Low vision care and contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027796"}
{"pmid": "1027807", "title": "Thin lens rationale projected.", "content": "Thin lens rationale projected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027807"}
{"pmid": "1027806", "title": "Sophistication and contact lenses.", "content": "Sophistication and contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027806"}
{"pmid": "1027809", "title": "Bifocal contact lenses--principles of fitting.", "content": "Bifocal contact lenses--principles of fitting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027809"}
{"pmid": "1027808", "title": "Ballasted cylindrical lenses.", "content": "Ballasted cylindrical lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027808"}
{"pmid": "1027810", "title": "The control of presbyopia without bifocals.", "content": "The control of presbyopia without bifocals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027810"}
{"pmid": "1027811", "title": "Scleral lenses.", "content": "Scleral lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027811"}
{"pmid": "1027812", "title": "Aspheric and ellipsoidal corneal lenses.", "content": "Aspheric and ellipsoidal corneal lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027812"}
{"pmid": "1027813", "title": "A personal overview of toroidal contact lenses.", "content": "A personal overview of toroidal contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027813"}
{"pmid": "1027816", "title": "Stability--a prerequisite for fitting success.", "content": "Stability--a prerequisite for fitting success.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027816"}
{"pmid": "1027795", "title": "Soft lenses in anterior segment pathology.", "content": "Soft lenses in anterior segment pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027795"}
{"pmid": "1027799", "title": "The Rynco (TM) RX-56 lens.", "content": "The Rynco (TM) RX-56 lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027799"}
{"pmid": "1027798", "title": "PMMA material.", "content": "PMMA material.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027798"}
{"pmid": "1027814", "title": "Fitting techniques for the hydrophilic lens.", "content": "Fitting techniques for the hydrophilic lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027814"}
{"pmid": "1027815", "title": "Standardizing lens position and fit.", "content": "Standardizing lens position and fit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027815"}
{"pmid": "1027819", "title": "The visual Rx.", "content": "The visual Rx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027819"}
{"pmid": "1027824", "title": "Lens size consideration, hard and soft lenses.", "content": "Lens size consideration, hard and soft lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027824"}
{"pmid": "1027817", "title": "Fluorescein: pattern analysis and staining.", "content": "Fluorescein: pattern analysis and staining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027817"}
{"pmid": "1027825", "title": "Centering the contact lens--rigid and flexible.", "content": "Centering the contact lens--rigid and flexible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027825"}
{"pmid": "1027823", "title": "Venting and fenestration.", "content": "Venting and fenestration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027823"}
{"pmid": "1027797", "title": "Contact lens materials--an overview.", "content": "Contact lens materials--an overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027797"}
{"pmid": "1027818", "title": "Contact lens center thickness.", "content": "Contact lens center thickness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027818"}
{"pmid": "1027826", "title": "Symptomatology.", "content": "Symptomatology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027826"}
{"pmid": "1027827", "title": "Corneal insult and staining--hard lenses.", "content": "Corneal insult and staining--hard lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027827"}
{"pmid": "1027828", "title": "Flare.", "content": "Flare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027828"}
{"pmid": "1027830", "title": "Blinking and corneal lens wear.", "content": "Blinking and corneal lens wear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027830"}
{"pmid": "1027829", "title": "Spectacle blur.", "content": "Spectacle blur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027829"}
{"pmid": "1027822", "title": "Biomicroscopy for contact lens practice.", "content": "Biomicroscopy for contact lens practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027822"}
{"pmid": "1027831", "title": "Corneal curvature: patterns of change after wearing contact lenses.", "content": "Corneal curvature: patterns of change after wearing contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027831"}
{"pmid": "1027832", "title": "Long term effects of wearing hard lenses.", "content": "Long term effects of wearing hard lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027832"}
{"pmid": "1027833", "title": "Poor visual acuity, hard and soft lenses.", "content": "Poor visual acuity, hard and soft lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027833"}
{"pmid": "1027834", "title": "Arcuate staining.", "content": "Arcuate staining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027834"}
{"pmid": "1027835", "title": "Spherical aberration problems.", "content": "Spherical aberration problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027835"}
{"pmid": "1027821", "title": "Contact lens inspection.", "content": "Contact lens inspection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027821"}
{"pmid": "1027836", "title": "Patient indoctrination.", "content": "Patient indoctrination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027836"}
{"pmid": "1027838", "title": "Contact lens practice management.", "content": "Contact lens practice management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027838"}
{"pmid": "1027837", "title": "Contact lens solutions.", "content": "Contact lens solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027837"}
{"pmid": "1027839", "title": "The use of assistants in contact lens practice.", "content": "The use of assistants in contact lens practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027839"}
{"pmid": "1027840", "title": "Contact lenses and aphakia.", "content": "Contact lenses and aphakia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027840"}
{"pmid": "1027841", "title": "Further developments in keratoconus.", "content": "Further developments in keratoconus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027841"}
{"pmid": "1027842", "title": "Orthokeratology.", "content": "Orthokeratology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027842"}
{"pmid": "1027843", "title": "Contact lens use for sports.", "content": "Contact lens use for sports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027843"}
{"pmid": "1027844", "title": "Hypnosis in contact lens fitting.", "content": "Hypnosis in contact lens fitting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027844"}
{"pmid": "1027845", "title": "Optometric technicians.", "content": "Optometric technicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027845"}
{"pmid": "1027846", "title": "A case study.", "content": "A case study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027846"}
{"pmid": "1027820", "title": "Dimensional stability of contact lenses--update 1976.", "content": "Dimensional stability of contact lenses--update 1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027820"}
{"pmid": "1027847", "title": "The \"eyeglass\" profession.", "content": "The \"eyeglass\" profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027847"}
{"pmid": "1027848", "title": "A retrospective analysis of the systolic BP/IOP ratio in glaucoma screening.", "content": "A retrospective analysis of the systolic BP/IOP ratio in glaucoma screening. It has been postulated that the BP/IOP ratio is more predictive of glaucoma than is tonometry alone. An analysis of clinical data from 128 glaucoma patients and 115 normals yields a sensitivity of 80%. Specificity of 86% and relative risk ratio of 22 for this screening test. Evidence of the existence of a dose-response relationship is also found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027848"}
{"pmid": "1027849", "title": "Optometry and genetic counseling: the first lines of defense against blindness.", "content": "Optometry and genetic counseling: the first lines of defense against blindness. Genetic diseases may be present at birth or may be manifested later in life. The best preventative measure for either type is early referral of the affected family for genetic counseling. Since several genetic disorders include ocular complications either primarily or secondarily, optometrists are likely to encounter some of these disorders. If the family is unaware of the hereditary pattern, they should be referred to a geneticist to be advised of the risk rates for having future children affected. A partial listing of the counseling centers throughout the United States is provided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027849"}
{"pmid": "1027850", "title": "Suggested criteria for vision classification on the AAMD adaptive behavior scale.", "content": "Suggested criteria for vision classification on the AAMD adaptive behavior scale. The AAMD Adaptive Behavior Scale for Children and Adults is an instrument designed to assess the degree to which an individual has adapted to his environment. While one item of the scale refers to vision, no criteria have been established to indicate degree of vision impairment on such a scale. Such criteria are suggested including a supplement which describes other visual functions. A method of assessing visual acuity in non-verbal or uncooperative patients is given.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027850"}
{"pmid": "1027851", "title": "Vision anomalies of Indian school children: the Lame Deer study.", "content": "Vision anomalies of Indian school children: the Lame Deer study. The occurrence of vision anomalies among American Indian school children is measured for an entire school population, according to grade (pre-kindergarten through 12). The anomalies are identified, classified in three major groups (myopes, astigmats, all other), and each group is compared to Caucasian school children. Some conclusions and recommendations are made concerning the vision care needs of Amerind school children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027851"}
{"pmid": "1027852", "title": "Rationalizing the delivery of eye care--part II.", "content": "Rationalizing the delivery of eye care--part II. The provision of eye care within the previously described regional model requires that resources be distributed in a rational manner. In a levels of care approach those eye care services that would meet most of the people's needs most of the time would be provided at the primary level, on an ambulatory basis. At the secondary level those more specialized services such as glaucoma surgery would be provided, usually at the community hospital setting. At the tertiary level those superspecialized services requiring the resources of a major medical center would be provided. Such a system of eye care would require changes in the role and responsibility of both optometrists and ophthalmologists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027852"}
{"pmid": "1027853", "title": "Clinical manifestations of visual information processing: part II.", "content": "Clinical manifestations of visual information processing: part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027853"}
{"pmid": "1027854", "title": "A rational approach to license drivers using bioptic telescopes.", "content": "A rational approach to license drivers using bioptic telescopes. A great deal of interest and controversy has arisen about the ability of persons with reduced vision driving with bioptic telescopes. This article is the author's approach to the public. The author has been fitting drivers with bioptic lenses for approximately ten years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027854"}
{"pmid": "1027855", "title": "Marathon running and vision.", "content": "Marathon running and vision. Sixteen optometric tests were administered to 29 athletes prior to and following their running the 1974 26-mile B.A.A. Boston Marathon. The tests included amplitude of accommodation, near point of convergence, stereopsis, depth perception, near phorias, ACA, near ductions, peripheral fields, and suppression. It appears that the systemic fatigue did not significantly affect the test values and it is reasonable to assume similar findings for other forms of athletics. While few optometrists' or ophthalmologists' patients are marathon runners, this study's findings may be extrapolatable to more common conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027855"}
{"pmid": "1027856", "title": "The $10,000 fee--almost.", "content": "The $10,000 fee--almost.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027856"}
{"pmid": "1027859", "title": "Classification of visual performance.", "content": "Classification of visual performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027859"}
{"pmid": "1027858", "title": "A changing role for optometry.", "content": "A changing role for optometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027858"}
{"pmid": "1027857", "title": "The eye that wouldn't quit.", "content": "The eye that wouldn't quit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027857"}
{"pmid": "1027860", "title": "Advertising of prices for eyeglasses.", "content": "Advertising of prices for eyeglasses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027860"}
{"pmid": "1027861", "title": "Photochromics and occupational safety.", "content": "Photochromics and occupational safety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027861"}
{"pmid": "1027862", "title": "The measurement of systemic arterial blood pressure.", "content": "The measurement of systemic arterial blood pressure. The measurement of blood pressure, sphygmomanometry, can provide much significant information for the optometrist's evaluation of his patient's ocular and related systemic conditions when the principles involved are understood and skill in its measurement is achieved. This paper will discuss the procedural details of blood pressure measurement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027862"}
{"pmid": "1027863", "title": "Diagnosis: a word misused.", "content": "Diagnosis: a word misused.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027863"}
{"pmid": "1027864", "title": "The effect of aging on the impact resistance of heat tempered lenses.", "content": "The effect of aging on the impact resistance of heat tempered lenses. Stock sperocylindrical lenses (125) with approximately 2.2-mm center thickness were bevel-edged to 48-mm size in the S-10 standard military lens shape. One time each, 25 lenses were drop balled directly after heat treatment; 25 after 3 months;25 after 6 months; 25 after 9 months; and the final 25 after 1 year. Comparing these samples against each other showed no statistical difference in breakage. All the surviving lenses were then drop balled repeatedly until broken or 25 impacts had been made. After 25 hits, 76.8% of the lenses did not break. There was no statistical difference in breakage when these results were compared with 125 heat-treated lenses of similar specifications that were drop balled for 25 trials, if not broken sooner, just after routine heat-treatment processing. Lenses of approximately 3.0-mm center thickness, with other aspects the same, were also treated. The effect of drop balling nonheat-tempered lenses of dimensions similar to the aged lenses was studied; the first drop had a casualty rate of 75%, and no lens survived more than 8 impacts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027864"}
{"pmid": "1027865", "title": "The role of edge failures in impact testing of ophthalmic lenses.", "content": "The role of edge failures in impact testing of ophthalmic lenses. The role of edge mode failures in drop ball testing of ophthalmic lenses was investigated. The relative effects of lens shape and type of edging operation were determined by comparing the impact performance of groups of lenses. Strain gages were mounted on the edges of several lenses to determine the applied tensile stresses. The results were reviewed in the context of the flaw distribution theory. As expected, more breadage was observed for those edging processes which introduce more severe flaws and for those lens shapes for which higher edge stresses were measured. It was also observed that the search theory of impact testing is applicable for edge flaws as well as for surface flaws (a lens sustains many impacts before it fractures; the ball is searching for a weak spot on the lens).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027865"}
{"pmid": "1027866", "title": "A model study of facial injury caused by impact while wearing an ophthalmic frame.", "content": "A model study of facial injury caused by impact while wearing an ophthalmic frame. Damage to facial tissue caused by an ophthalmic frame when there is impact to the face was studied by means of a paraffin-covered mannequin head. Under mild conditions of impact it was easily observed that metal frames and metal components do more tissue damage than is done by a zylframe. A series of the commonly dispensed frames was compared for facial injury potential caused by impact to the face.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027866"}
{"pmid": "1027868", "title": "Rationalizing the delivery of health care--part III.", "content": "Rationalizing the delivery of health care--part III. Attempts to regionalize and rationalize the delivery of personal health services and eye care services in particular are beset with social, political and economic problems. A review of past attempts in this direction points out some of the difficulties. Recent legislative and professional developments provide clues as to the likelihood that the delivery of eye care will be rationalized in the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027868"}
{"pmid": "1027867", "title": "A study of applicants to colleges of optometry in the U.S.", "content": "A study of applicants to colleges of optometry in the U.S. A statistical summary of numbers of applicants and applications to U.S. colleges of optometry, dentistry, and medicine is presented for the six academic years, 1969-70 through 1974-75. Attention is drawn to changes during the five-year interval in numbers of (a) professional schools, (b) total applicants, (c) total applications, (d) applicants accepted, (e) applicants per acceptance, (f) percent of applicants accepted, and (g) applications per individual. Absolute numbers are listed in tabular form and, to facilitate interdisciplinary comparison, in relative numbers in a series of figures. Concerns raised by the trends revealed are outlined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027867"}
{"pmid": "1027869", "title": "Paraoptometric education and training in the United States Air Force.", "content": "Paraoptometric education and training in the United States Air Force. The authors describe military optometry clinic personnel problems prior to 1971 which led to the creation of the Air Force Optometry Specialist/Technician career field. The optometry Specialist, whose civilian counterpart is the optometric assistant/technician, receives a highly intensive 9 week resident course at the USAF School of Health Care Sciences. Additional mandatory training is received on the job and by a career development course specifically designed for the Optometry Specialist. An optional 2-year program is also offered through the Community College of the Air Force.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027869"}
{"pmid": "1027870", "title": "Future of optometric education: a student view.", "content": "Future of optometric education: a student view. With the growth of optometry and the advent of a national health insurance plan, the practice of optometry will change. As it does, so too must optometric education. This paper outlines a student's views on how admissions, curricula, new schools, and board certification must change if optometry is to fill a primary health care role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027870"}
{"pmid": "1027871", "title": "Inspecting the integrity of hydrophilic lenses.", "content": "Inspecting the integrity of hydrophilic lenses. Inspection of the surface quality of hydrophilic lenses is important. Methods of inspection and illustrations of common defects are illustrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027871"}
{"pmid": "1027872", "title": "The intermodality relationship of auditory and vision perception.", "content": "The intermodality relationship of auditory and vision perception. A review of the literature reemphasizes the importance of the intermodality relationship of auditory and vision perception in assisting children learning to read. Following a description of the neuro-pathways, hemispheric dominance theories and the developmental sequences, suggestions are provided for the application of the knowledge about auditory and vision perception in the prevention of the ever increasing number of children experiencing learning disabilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027872"}
{"pmid": "1027873", "title": "Low vision case report.", "content": "Low vision case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027873"}
{"pmid": "1027874", "title": "Training with a post-surgical exotrope.", "content": "Training with a post-surgical exotrope.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027874"}
{"pmid": "1027877", "title": "A defection from psychiatry to family practice?", "content": "A defection from psychiatry to family practice?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027877"}
{"pmid": "1027876", "title": "How to start a CME program in your hospital or medical society.", "content": "How to start a CME program in your hospital or medical society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027876"}
{"pmid": "1027875", "title": "Nominative evaluation in a residency training program.", "content": "Nominative evaluation in a residency training program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027875"}
{"pmid": "1027892", "title": "High resolution observation of biological specimens by an incoherent illumination method.", "content": "High resolution observation of biological specimens by an incoherent illumination method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027892"}
{"pmid": "1027891", "title": "Special diets and the School Meals Service in Norfolk.", "content": "Special diets and the School Meals Service in Norfolk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027891"}
{"pmid": "1027894", "title": "Electron microscopic studies on membrane system of Staphylococcus aureus by means of thin sectioning and freeze-replica techniques.", "content": "Electron microscopic studies on membrane system of Staphylococcus aureus by means of thin sectioning and freeze-replica techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027894"}
{"pmid": "1027895", "title": "Isolation and ultrastructural characterization of fine spirals (spirosomes) from Lactobacillus brevis.", "content": "Isolation and ultrastructural characterization of fine spirals (spirosomes) from Lactobacillus brevis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027895"}
{"pmid": "1027893", "title": "Electron microscope studies of the vegetative cellular life cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardi dangeard in synchronous culture. IV. Mitochondria in dividing cells.", "content": "Electron microscope studies of the vegetative cellular life cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardi dangeard in synchronous culture. IV. Mitochondria in dividing cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027893"}
{"pmid": "1027896", "title": "Fine structure of bacterial cell envelope studied by ultracryotomy.", "content": "Fine structure of bacterial cell envelope studied by ultracryotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027896"}
{"pmid": "1027882", "title": "Continuing medical education fact sheet.", "content": "Continuing medical education fact sheet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027882"}
{"pmid": "1027899", "title": "Freeze-drying technique for small biological materials using a modified freeze-etching device.", "content": "Freeze-drying technique for small biological materials using a modified freeze-etching device.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027899"}
{"pmid": "1027878", "title": "Are too many surgeons being produced in this country?", "content": "Are too many surgeons being produced in this country?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027878"}
{"pmid": "1027898", "title": "Rectangular arrays of intramembranous particles at the zonula adherens in the guinea pig organ of Corti.", "content": "Rectangular arrays of intramembranous particles at the zonula adherens in the guinea pig organ of Corti.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027898"}
{"pmid": "1027897", "title": "Freeze-etching observation on the nucleus of HeLa-S3 cell infected with adenovirus type 12.", "content": "Freeze-etching observation on the nucleus of HeLa-S3 cell infected with adenovirus type 12.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027897"}
{"pmid": "1027900", "title": "Bartley v. Kremens: a step backward?", "content": "Bartley v. Kremens: a step backward?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027900"}
{"pmid": "1027901", "title": "Quality assurance.", "content": "Quality assurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027901"}
{"pmid": "1027881", "title": "The practicing family physician as a teacher and learner in a family practice residency.", "content": "The practicing family physician as a teacher and learner in a family practice residency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027881"}
{"pmid": "1027902", "title": "All marriages are not in heaven made: the joining of quality assurance and utilization review.", "content": "All marriages are not in heaven made: the joining of quality assurance and utilization review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027902"}
{"pmid": "1027879", "title": "Freedom in medical education.", "content": "Freedom in medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027879"}
{"pmid": "1027884", "title": "The primary physician: bagels and lox for breakfast?", "content": "The primary physician: bagels and lox for breakfast?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027884"}
{"pmid": "1027880", "title": "A position statement of the Association for Hospital Medical Education.", "content": "A position statement of the Association for Hospital Medical Education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027880"}
{"pmid": "1027903", "title": "A program to evaluate intensive psychiatric hospital treatment.", "content": "A program to evaluate intensive psychiatric hospital treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027903"}
{"pmid": "1027904", "title": "The adolescent treatment assessment project: lessons learned in process.", "content": "The adolescent treatment assessment project: lessons learned in process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027904"}
{"pmid": "1027905", "title": "Funding and planning a comprehensive mental health delivery system.", "content": "Funding and planning a comprehensive mental health delivery system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027905"}
{"pmid": "1027909", "title": "The EMI CT 1010 brain scanner. Technical aspects.", "content": "The EMI CT 1010 brain scanner. Technical aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027909"}
{"pmid": "1027907", "title": "[Anterior choroidal artery. I. Anatomic and radiographic study].", "content": "[Anterior choroidal artery. I. Anatomic and radiographic study].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027907"}
{"pmid": "1027883", "title": "Competence-based reregistration: a changing role for continuing medical education.", "content": "Competence-based reregistration: a changing role for continuing medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027883"}
{"pmid": "1027906", "title": "[Anterior choroidal artery. II. Pathologic states (tumors)].", "content": "[Anterior choroidal artery. II. Pathologic states (tumors)].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027906"}
{"pmid": "1027910", "title": "Normal appearances of brain scans produced by computerized axial tomography.", "content": "Normal appearances of brain scans produced by computerized axial tomography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027910"}
{"pmid": "1027908", "title": "Embolization with iodine 131-marked Spongel. Technique, indications and results.", "content": "Embolization with iodine 131-marked Spongel. Technique, indications and results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027908"}
{"pmid": "1027911", "title": "The EMI body scanner. An interim clinical evaluation.", "content": "The EMI body scanner. An interim clinical evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027911"}
{"pmid": "1027912", "title": "Computerized axial tomography.", "content": "Computerized axial tomography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027912"}
{"pmid": "1027913", "title": "The value of the new EMI diagnostic display console.", "content": "The value of the new EMI diagnostic display console.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027913"}
{"pmid": "1027915", "title": "The role of computerised axial tomography (EMI scanning) in the diagnosis and management of cranio-cerebral trauma.", "content": "The role of computerised axial tomography (EMI scanning) in the diagnosis and management of cranio-cerebral trauma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027915"}
{"pmid": "1027914", "title": "A topographic study of CT scan of brain tumours.", "content": "A topographic study of CT scan of brain tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027914"}
{"pmid": "1027917", "title": "Computerised axial tomography in non-tumourous conditions.", "content": "Computerised axial tomography in non-tumourous conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027917"}
{"pmid": "1027916", "title": "Aspects and evolution of cerebrovascular accidents.", "content": "Aspects and evolution of cerebrovascular accidents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027916"}
{"pmid": "1027919", "title": "The future of computerised axial tomography.", "content": "The future of computerised axial tomography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027919"}
{"pmid": "1027918", "title": "Acta Scanner and neuroradiology.", "content": "Acta Scanner and neuroradiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027918"}
{"pmid": "1027920", "title": "Central nervous system antigen (NS-5) and its presence during murine ontogenesis.", "content": "Central nervous system antigen (NS-5) and its presence during murine ontogenesis. An antiserum raised by immunization of C3H.SW/Sn mice with cerebellum from 4-day-old C57BL/6J mice recognizes a cell surface component(s) [NS-5] present in different degrees on various parts of the mouse central nervous system. When analyzed by an antiserum- and complement-mediated cell cytotoxicity test and by the ability of various tissuesto absorb anti-NS-5 antiserum activity, the antigen(s) was detectable on cerebellum, retina, olfactory bulb, cortex, basal ganglia, and medulla but not on nonneural tissues with the exception of mature spermatozoa and 4-day-old kidney. The antigen(s) detected by the anti-NS-5 antiserum was found in similar quantities on young and adult rat and mouse cerebellum; however, it was not detectable on any of 16 clonal cell lines derived from the rat central nervous system. During preimplantation stages of murine development, the antigen could be detected on all cells of (2-4)-cell and (8-16)-cell stages and on the trophoblastic cells of blastocysts by indirect immunofluorescence, Embryos on day 9 of gestation, the earliest tested after implantation, expressed the antigen(s), but expression was restricted to the nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027920"}
{"pmid": "1027921", "title": "The gating currents of sodium channels: pore-population-size effects.", "content": "The gating currents of sodium channels: pore-population-size effects. Sodium-channel behavior has been modeled in order to determine the answer to the following question: How large must a population of \"on-off\" sodium pores be before the inherently random behavior of the individual channels becomes smoothed to yield the expected gating current-conductance relationships which would be predicted from an infinite pore array? Results of this analysis show that for the \"opening\" situation, an excellent fit was obtained whenever more than about 10 pores were considered. Significant discrepancies were observed in the \"closing\" situation, however, for pore arrays of 50 or less. Marked hysteresis is apparent in the behavior of small port populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027921"}
{"pmid": "1027922", "title": "Comparison of the structural and chemical composition of giant T-even phage heads.", "content": "Comparison of the structural and chemical composition of giant T-even phage heads. A study has been made of the structure of the capsids of T4D giant phage produced from mutants in gene 23 and temperature-sensitive mutants in gene 24, and T4D and T2L giant phage formed by the addition of L-canavanine followed by an Larginine chase in the growth medium. All the giant phage capsids have been shown to be built according to the same geometrical architecture. This consists of a near-hexagonal surface net, lattice constant 129.5 A, folded into a left-handed T = 13 prolate icosahedron elongated along one of its fivefold symmetry axes. Their only apparent difference from wild-type T-even phage capsids is their abnormally elongated tubular part. A comparison of the capsomere morphologies and protein compositions of the giant phage capsids showed that all T4D giants are identical but differ from T2L: The T4D capsomere has a complex (6 + 6 + 1)-type morphology, whereas the T2L has a simple 6-type. T2L phage, however, lack two capsid proteins, \"soc\" and \"hoc\", present in T4D. The difference in capsomere morphology can therefore be related to the difference in the protein compositions of these two phage. Possible differences between the initiation and means of length regulation of giant phage heads and the aberrant polyheads are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027922"}
{"pmid": "1027923", "title": "Effects of RNase and RNA on in vitro aster assembly.", "content": "Effects of RNase and RNA on in vitro aster assembly. RNase alters the in vitro assembly of spindle asters in homogenates of meiotically dividing surf clam (Spisula solidissima) oocytes. Some effects of RNase, such as reduced astral fiber length, appear nonenzymatic and probably result from RNase binding to tubulin. However, RNase-induced changes in the microtubule organizing center are also observed. Since other polycations can mimic RNase effects, the existence of an RNA component of the spindle organizing center remains uncertain. Effects of RNase and other polycations on astral fiber length can be prevented and reversed by the RNase inhibitor, polyguanylic acid. Polyguanylic acid can also augment astral fiber length in the absence of added RNase or other polycations. Augmentation by polyguanylic acid is favored by high ionic strength, and can be duplicated by polyuridylic acid and, with less efficiency, by polyadenylic acid. Polycytidylic acid and unfractionated yeast RNA, however, are unable to augment aster assembly. Polyguanylic acid can also augment the length of astral fibers on complete spindles isolated under polymerizing conditions. These results demonstrate that specific polyribonucleotides can alter spindle assembly in vitro. The presence of an inhibitor of microtubule assembly in Spisula oocytes, which can be inactivated by specific RNAs, is suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027923"}
{"pmid": "1027948", "title": "Morphologic characteristics of the thymus in 70 cases of myasthenia.", "content": "Morphologic characteristics of the thymus in 70 cases of myasthenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027948"}
{"pmid": "1027949", "title": "Effect of ethanol application during pregnancy on the electron microscopic image of a newborn brain.", "content": "Effect of ethanol application during pregnancy on the electron microscopic image of a newborn brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027949"}
{"pmid": "1027950", "title": "Effect of overnutrition and undernutrition on cellularity of rat epididymal fat pad.", "content": "Effect of overnutrition and undernutrition on cellularity of rat epididymal fat pad.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027950"}
{"pmid": "1027951", "title": "Influence of gamma radiation on the solubility of collagen-derived membranes.", "content": "Influence of gamma radiation on the solubility of collagen-derived membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027951"}
{"pmid": "1027952", "title": "Gastric secretory response to ligation of pancreatic ducts, pancreatitis, pancreatic fistula and pancreatectomy in dogs.", "content": "Gastric secretory response to ligation of pancreatic ducts, pancreatitis, pancreatic fistula and pancreatectomy in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027952"}
{"pmid": "1027954", "title": "The effect of certain parasympathomimetic and parasympatholytic drugs on the gamma-aminobutyric acid content in the cerebral hemispheres of mice.", "content": "The effect of certain parasympathomimetic and parasympatholytic drugs on the gamma-aminobutyric acid content in the cerebral hemispheres of mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027954"}
{"pmid": "1027953", "title": "Influence of diphtheria toxin on free fatty acid mobilization and pressor responses to catecholamines.", "content": "Influence of diphtheria toxin on free fatty acid mobilization and pressor responses to catecholamines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027953"}
{"pmid": "1027955", "title": "Interactions of chloramphenicol with certain spasmogens on vas deferens of guinea pig.", "content": "Interactions of chloramphenicol with certain spasmogens on vas deferens of guinea pig.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027955"}
{"pmid": "1027956", "title": "Acute experimental pancreatitis treated with glucagon Histological study (part I).", "content": "Acute experimental pancreatitis treated with glucagon Histological study (part I).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027956"}
{"pmid": "1027957", "title": "New approach, facts and hypothesis on B virus hepatitis epidemiology and pathogenesis.", "content": "New approach, facts and hypothesis on B virus hepatitis epidemiology and pathogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027957"}
{"pmid": "1027958", "title": "Clinical and immunomorphological evaluation of pathological changes in the liver in collagenoses.", "content": "Clinical and immunomorphological evaluation of pathological changes in the liver in collagenoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027958"}
{"pmid": "1027960", "title": "Advances in colonoscopy.", "content": "Advances in colonoscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027960"}
{"pmid": "1027959", "title": "The auto-brewery syndrome--the repeated attacks of alcoholic intoxication due to the overgrowth of Candida (albicans) in the gastrointestinal tract.", "content": "The auto-brewery syndrome--the repeated attacks of alcoholic intoxication due to the overgrowth of Candida (albicans) in the gastrointestinal tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027959"}
{"pmid": "1027961", "title": "Common bile duct cysts.", "content": "Common bile duct cysts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027961"}
{"pmid": "1027962", "title": "Normalizing effect of prednisone on excessive hydroxyprolinuria in active systemic lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Normalizing effect of prednisone on excessive hydroxyprolinuria in active systemic lupus erythematosus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027962"}
{"pmid": "1027963", "title": "Clinical experiences with birth control in Poland.", "content": "Clinical experiences with birth control in Poland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027963"}
{"pmid": "1028005", "title": "Factors responsible for under-utilisation of primary health centre--a community survey in three states of India.", "content": "Factors responsible for under-utilisation of primary health centre--a community survey in three states of India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028005"}
{"pmid": "1028006", "title": "Imparting of health education in the out-patient department of a metropolitan city hospital as viewed by the consumers.", "content": "Imparting of health education in the out-patient department of a metropolitan city hospital as viewed by the consumers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028006"}
{"pmid": "1027993", "title": "State of the hypothalamic-pituitary neurosecretory system in rabbits with anaphylactic shock.", "content": "State of the hypothalamic-pituitary neurosecretory system in rabbits with anaphylactic shock. The hypothalamic-pituitary neurosecretory system of rabbits with anaphylactic shock was investigated by morphometric and histochemical methods. The volumes of the perikarya were increased and the dimensions of the nuclei and nuclei of the neurosecretory cells were reduced, and the content of neurosecretory substance throughout the neurosecretory system was increased. In rabbits dying from shock the volumes of the nuclei and nuclei were reduced by a lesser degree, the dimensions of the perikarya were changed, and the content of neurosecretory substance in the posterior lobe of the pituitary was reduced. In animals surviving shock the synthesis of neurohormones by the neurosecretory cells was thus sharply stimulated, but liberation of neurohormones from the posterior lobe was inhibited. In aminals dying from shock hormone formation in the neurosecretory cells was stimulated to a lesser degree, but the processes of liberation of neurohormones from the posterior lobe of the pituitary were probably intensified.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027993"}
{"pmid": "1027997", "title": "Submicroscopic localization of H3-noradrenaline in the hypothalamus.", "content": "Submicroscopic localization of H3-noradrenaline in the hypothalamus. The submicroscopic localization of H3-noradrenaline in the periventricular region of the anterior hypothalamus of the rat was investigated. It was shown that the largest concentration of the label is detected in the neuroglia of the subependymal layers, where the label is detected above the terminals of the axons with two types of vesicles and along the path of the axons above the microtubules. More rarely the label is encountered above the terminals with one type of synaptic vesicle and above cells of the neurosecretory type, similar in ultrastructure to cells of the arcuate nucleus. In the ependymal layer the label is localized above the cells and intercellular spaces. The results of the work are discussed in connection with the modern data on the fluorescence of the catecholamines of the hypothalamus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027997"}
{"pmid": "1027994", "title": "Effect of catecholaminergic drugs on epileptogenic properties of the caudate nucleus.", "content": "Effect of catecholaminergic drugs on epileptogenic properties of the caudate nucleus. Drugs stimulating catecholaminergic transmission (dopa, apomorphine, amphetamine, and their combination with disulfiram) weakened the epileptogenic properties of the caudate nucleus in freely moving rats. Under the influence of these drugs the cortical electroencephalographic response to single stimulation of the nucleus was shortened in animals receiving subconbulsant doses of leptazol and the intensity of the spike-wave rhythm bound with repeated caudate stimuli was reduced. Conversely, inhibitors of catecholaminergic transmission (chlorpromazine, haloperidol, alpha-methyltyrosine, and disulfiram) potentiated the epileptogenic effects of the caudate nucleus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027994"}
{"pmid": "1027999", "title": "Some features of the medium surrounding the mechano- and electroreceptors of the acousticolateral system of the ray Raja clavata.", "content": "Some features of the medium surrounding the mechano- and electroreceptors of the acousticolateral system of the ray Raja clavata. The degree of binding of K ions has been investigated and the contents of free Ca ions and of glycosaminoglycans have been determined in the medium surrounding the mechano- and electroreceptors of the acousticolateral system of the ray Raja clavata; in addition, electrical phenomena in solutions of K hyaluronate in solutions of the media investigated have been studied. A comparison of the results of electrometric and chemical analysis has shown that the proportions of bound K ions as percentages of the total amounts of these ions are 36.4 in the endolymphatic jelly, 39.6 in the ampullar jelly, and 21.9 in the liquid of the lateral canals. The amount of Ca ions in the media investigated is 3.6-4.4 meq/liter and is close to the concentration of these ions in sea water--3.4 meq/liter. In the endolymphatic jelly the amount of glycosaminoglycans is 0.30+/-0.022% of the wet weight, in the liquid of the lateral canals 0.21+/-0.026%, and in the jelly of the ampullae of Lorenzini 2.79+/-0.28%. Some characteristics of the \"displacement potentials\" of solutions of K hyaluronate and solutions of the jelly of the ampullae of Lorenzini have been determined, and some hypotheses have been put forward on the possible role of these potentials in the activity of the ampullar formations of the systems of organs of the lateral line.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027999"}
{"pmid": "1028016", "title": "The need for an animal model of chronic pain.", "content": "The need for an animal model of chronic pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028016"}
{"pmid": "1027996", "title": "Functional organization of sleep states in normal and brain-damaged infants.", "content": "Functional organization of sleep states in normal and brain-damaged infants. A polygraphic investigation was made of daytime sleep in healthy infants with analysis of the EEG, oculogram, muscle tone, fluctuations in skin resistance, respiration, ECG, rheoencephalogram, and rheogram of the leg. Infants with cerebral palsy of perinatal genesis were investigated by the same method. The results showed that in early infancy it is possible to distinguish the basic stages of slow sleep and the stage of fast sleep, although the electroencephalographic experssion of these stages in infants has special features of its own. The age dynamics of the polygraphic picture of sleep shows that the electroencephalographic, autonomic, and motor components of sleep, although clearly coordinated in the various stages, have at the same time considerable autonomy. This is confirmed by the results obtained by analysis of the cerebral pathology. The need for adequate assessment of this complex function in order to elucidate the physiological nature of sleep is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027996"}
{"pmid": "1027995", "title": "Multiplication of the late slow component of the evoked potential to light during chlorpromazine administration.", "content": "Multiplication of the late slow component of the evoked potential to light during chlorpromazine administration. In experiments on unanesthetized rabbits with electrodes permanently implanted into various brain formations the effect of chlorpromazine was studied on the phenomenon of multiplication of the late slow component of the evoked potential to flashes of light applied at a frequency of 1 Hz, some of which were given simultaneously with electric shocks to the hind limb. Chlorpromazine was found to reduce the multiplication of the slow component to flashes applied without electric shocks and to facilitate the reduplication of this component to flashes applied along with the nociceptive stimulation. In the discussion of the results a role of adrenergic structures is postulated in the formation of the defensive action acceptor, one of the most important and crucial mechanisms of the functional system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027995"}
{"pmid": "1027998", "title": "Mechanism of visual perception of movement.", "content": "Mechanism of visual perception of movement. We here present a logical mathematical model for the visual perception of movement in man; it is based on the treatment of signals in the retina in relation to time and distance and on the statistical theory of the separation of signal from noise in the visual system. It shows good agreement with experimental results and has made it possible to determine the comparative level of internal noise of the visual system, the mean rate of spread of excitation from the photoreceptors along the surface of the retina, and many other characteristics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1027998"}
{"pmid": "1028017", "title": "Local oedema and general excitation of cutaneous sensory receptors produced by electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in the rat.", "content": "Local oedema and general excitation of cutaneous sensory receptors produced by electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028017"}
{"pmid": "1028018", "title": "Inhibition of visceral pain by electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter.", "content": "Inhibition of visceral pain by electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter. Numerous recent studies demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter (PGM) can result in powerful analgesia to pain of somatic origin. In the present study, we have developed a visceral pain test employing intraperitoneal injection of hypertonic saline which yields a writhing response in the adult rat more reliably than other pain-producing substances. With this test we show that writhing as well as the response to radiant heat (tail flick test) are completely inhibited in all animals with PGM electrode placements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028018"}
{"pmid": "1028000", "title": "Activity of the neurons of the medial region of the septum of the rabbit brain in early ontogenesis.", "content": "Activity of the neurons of the medial region of the septum of the rabbit brain in early ontogenesis. In rabbits aged from seven days to two and a half months the activity of individual cells of the nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca (NDB) and of the medial nuclei of the septum (MNS) of the brain and the EEG of the dorsal hippocampus (DH) - the CA2-CA3 zones - have been recorded simultaneously. It has been found that the specific (burst) activity of the neurons of the septum appears first on the 8th-11th day of the background of the action of eserine. The distinct bimodal nature of the histograms of the interimpulse intervals characteristic of the burst sequence of distribution of the potentials appears only from an age of 14 days. The deficient nature of impulse-formation of the NDB and of the MNS is acquired at about the 20th day of life. A parallel evolution of the impulse activity of the cells of the medial region of the septum and the synchronized activity of the hippocampus in ontogenesis is traced. The formation of the theta activity correlates with an increase in frequency of the burst activity of the neurons of the septum connected with an increase in the mean frequency of impulse formation of the cells, the concentration of the impulses into a packet, and the growth of the regularity of the burst discharges with age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028000"}
{"pmid": "1028002", "title": "The spectrum of the calling signals, phonotaxis, and the auditory system in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.", "content": "The spectrum of the calling signals, phonotaxis, and the auditory system in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. In behavioral experiments with a Y labyrinth it was shown that phonotaxis in the female crickets in respect to the calling signals (CS) of the males depends on the spectrum of the signal. The necessary and sufficient condition for development of normal phonotaxis is the preservation of the first, low-frequenct (LF) component of the spectrum (5kHz). Signals with a time pattern identical to that of a CS but with a spectrum containing only the high-frequency (HF) component (12.5 kHz) do not evoke phonotaxis. HF signals in the frequency-range 10-40 kHz evoke negative phonotaxis in females under conditions of \"tethered flight\". In the auditory system of the crickets, beginning with the tympanal organ, there is a clear separation of the elements effecting LF and HF signals. Two types of ascending interneurons transmitting acoustic information from the primary auditory center to the brain are described in detail. The first is connected primarily with LF receptors and transmits clearly all the time-dependent characteristics of the CS most important for recognition. The second apparently participates in the production of negative phonotaxis. It is connected primarily with HF receptors, has considerable after-effect and also raises sensitivity to sounds of low intensity, emphasizes the initial moment in the effect of a stimulus, and \"habituates\" rapidly to repeated stimulations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028002"}
{"pmid": "1028001", "title": "Effect of a unilateral cortical lesion on the monoamine content in the cat brain.", "content": "Effect of a unilateral cortical lesion on the monoamine content in the cat brain. The serotonin and noradrenalin content in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and mesencephalon was investigated spectrofluorometrically in 12 cats on the 5th-6th day after the production of a pathological focus in the region of the occipital cortex. Diffuse changes of brain activity were recorded on the EEG at this period: spike-like waves and slow waves of increased amplitude. A considerable increase in the serotonin concentration was observed in the cortex, with the effect predominant in the region immediately adjacent to the pathological focus. A tendency for the serotonin level to fall was observed in the hypothalamus and mesencephalon. The noradrenalin concentration in these brain structures showed no significant change. The role of serotoninergic structures of the brain in the mechanisms responsible for restoring the functional state of the brain after experimental injury is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028001"}
{"pmid": "1028019", "title": "Responses of intradental nerves to chemical and osmotic stimulation of dentine in the cat.", "content": "Responses of intradental nerves to chemical and osmotic stimulation of dentine in the cat. Recordings have been made of the neural responses evoked by stimulation of dentine with solutions of NaCl, NH4Cl and dextrose. Stimulation of the outer dentine produced no response. From the inner dentine, a smaller number of impulses were recorded with solutions of NaCl than with corresponding concentrations of NH4Cl, but a much larger number than with solutions of dextrose. The discharge evoked by a solution increased in mean frequency and decreased in latency as the thickness of dentine was reduced. The responses suggest that the receptors were in the innermost dentine or the pulp and that they were excited by changes in extracellular fluid composition rather than by osmotic effects. The properties of the receptors appear to be different from those involved in pain from dentine in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028019"}
{"pmid": "1028020", "title": "Nociceptor-driven dorsal horn neurones in the lumbar spinal cord of the cat.", "content": "Nociceptor-driven dorsal horn neurones in the lumbar spinal cord of the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028020"}
{"pmid": "1028003", "title": "Functional characteristics of stretch receptors of flight apparatus of cockroach Periplaneta americana.", "content": "Functional characteristics of stretch receptors of flight apparatus of cockroach Periplaneta americana. The functional characteristics of the stretch receptors of the wing joints of Periplaneta americana were examined and the possible functional role of these receptors in the maintenance of a stable rhythm of flight is discussed. The stretch receptors of the wing joints are of the phasic-tonic type, with slow and incomplete adaptation by the receptors which discharge upon movement of the wing upward. The nature of the impulse response of a receptor depends both on the angle and the rate of movement of the wing membrane. The arrangement of a hypothetical pacemaker of the insect's wing beats is discussed in detail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028003"}
{"pmid": "1028021", "title": "Illness behaviour syndromes associated with intractable pain.", "content": "Illness behaviour syndromes associated with intractable pain. One hundred patients, referred for the management of intractable pain, completed a 52-item Illness Behaviour Questionnaire (IBQ). Responses were scored on 7 scales: general hypochondriasis, disease conviction, psychological versus somatic perception of illness, affective inhibition, affective disturbance, denial, and irritability. IBQ scale profiles were subjected to numerical analysis and 6 taxonomic clusters were identified. Patients in groups 1-3 were characterized by a relatively non-neurotic, reality-oriented attitude to illness, as indicated by low scores on the first three scales. Patients in groups 4-6 manifested greater evidence of 'abnormal illness behaviour', and presented syndromes resembling 'hysteria', 'conversion reaction', and 'hypothchondriasis' respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028021"}
{"pmid": "1028004", "title": "Neural pathway of penetration of vitamin B1 into the central nervous system.", "content": "Neural pathway of penetration of vitamin B1 into the central nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028004"}
{"pmid": "1028022", "title": "Words of chronic pain.", "content": "Words of chronic pain. An analysis of the language of pain complaints, employing categories of descriptors, was used to determine if chronic pain of either psychiatric of organic origin might be depicted in terms specific for the disease. The complaints of 128 patients with chronic pain were studied for characteristic patterns. Patients with pain of organic etiology used sensory-thermal (e.g., hot, burning) words more frequently than those with pain of psychiatric origin. Female patients with pain attributed to anxiety used sensor-temporal words (e.g., throbbing) more frequently than those with other psychiatric diagnoses. There was also a statistically significant preponderance of pain on the left when the groups of patients with physical and psychological illness were combined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028022"}
{"pmid": "1028023", "title": "Differential effect of morphine on trigeminal nucleus versus reticular aversive stimulation: independence of negative effects from stimulation parameters.", "content": "Differential effect of morphine on trigeminal nucleus versus reticular aversive stimulation: independence of negative effects from stimulation parameters. Electrodes were implanted in mesencephalic, pontine, and bulbar reticular formation, and in spinal trigeminal nucleus and tract of rats. Central and peripheral aversive response thresholds  were studied under normal conditions and with morphine. Peripherally elicited aversive reactions were assessed with tail-flick, hot-plate, and footshock responses. Centrally elicited aversive reaction thresholds were in all cases based on unconditioned behavioral distress signs (non-stereotyped, escape-like movements, vocalization, freezing, excretion, etc.) and confirmed in some cases with avoidance learning. Morphine (10 mg/kg) elevated the unconditioned aversive reaction threshold for brain stimulation in the trigeminal complex and for peripheral aversive stimulation, but failed to affect the thresholds for reticular brain stimulation. The failure to affect reticular thresholds was independent of stimulation frequency. Thresholds for 5 and 200 Hz sinusoidal stimulation were both unaffected as were previously reported thresholds with 333 Hz pulsatile stimulation. Trigeminal nucleus and tract stimulation were affected in similar degrees. The data were discussed as supporting descending inhibitory models of opiate analgesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028023"}
{"pmid": "1028024", "title": "Modulation of shock-elicited pain by acupuncture and suggestion.", "content": "Modulation of shock-elicited pain by acupuncture and suggestion. An experimental investigation of acupuncture's analgesic potency, separated from suggestion effects, is described, in which judgments of shock-elicited pain of the forearm were recorded along two separate scales: intensity and aversiveness. Data from experimental subjects, who received electrical acupunctural stimulation through surface electrodes located over acupuncture points and were given explicit counter-suggestions of sensitization, were compared to those obtained from control subjects, who received such stimulation over incorrect loci and were given explicit suggestions of analgesia. No alterations in the perception of pain intensity, either by acupunctural stimulation or suggestion, could be detected at any time during the experiment, but stimulation of the correct points produced a significant analgesic reduction in aversiveness which was specific to the arm so stimulated, overcame the counter-suggestion of sensitization, and persisted after stimulation was discontinued. No significant reductions were recorded from control subjects. These findings are interpreted in light of other experimental acupuncture research, and of the demonstrated mode of action of analgesics of proven efficacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028024"}
{"pmid": "1028026", "title": "Radioimmunoassay for measurement of fibrinogen.", "content": "Radioimmunoassay for measurement of fibrinogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028026"}
{"pmid": "1028025", "title": "Results of 19 years experience with sacral rhizotomy for perineal and perianal cancer pain.", "content": "Results of 19 years experience with sacral rhizotomy for perineal and perianal cancer pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028025"}
{"pmid": "1028027", "title": "Histidine active transport system in rabbit erythrocytes.", "content": "Histidine active transport system in rabbit erythrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028027"}
{"pmid": "1028030", "title": "Two point discrimination and ageing.", "content": "Two point discrimination and ageing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028030"}
{"pmid": "1028028", "title": "Relation between mast cells and serum zinc levels.", "content": "Relation between mast cells and serum zinc levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028028"}
{"pmid": "1028029", "title": "Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in human platelets and its secretion.", "content": "Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in human platelets and its secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028029"}
{"pmid": "1028032", "title": "Systemic lupus erythematosus with renovascular hypertension accompanied by thrombosis of renal artery and renal vein (case report).", "content": "Systemic lupus erythematosus with renovascular hypertension accompanied by thrombosis of renal artery and renal vein (case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028032"}
{"pmid": "1028031", "title": "Secondary myeloid metaplasma in a case of IgD myeloma.", "content": "Secondary myeloid metaplasma in a case of IgD myeloma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028031"}
{"pmid": "1028050", "title": "A preparation of field bean (Vicia faba L.) cotyledons as a substitute for dried skim-milk in calf feeding [proceedings].", "content": "A preparation of field bean (Vicia faba L.) cotyledons as a substitute for dried skim-milk in calf feeding [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028050"}
{"pmid": "1028051", "title": "Ascorbic acid saturation levels in young and old guinea-pigs [proceedings].", "content": "Ascorbic acid saturation levels in young and old guinea-pigs [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028051"}
{"pmid": "1028053", "title": "Orange-peel flavonoids and the growth and ascorbic acid status of hypovitaminotic C guinea-pigs [proceedings].", "content": "Orange-peel flavonoids and the growth and ascorbic acid status of hypovitaminotic C guinea-pigs [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028053"}
{"pmid": "1028054", "title": "The role of ascorbic acid in allergic reactions [proceedings].", "content": "The role of ascorbic acid in allergic reactions [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028054"}
{"pmid": "1028052", "title": "The influence of dietary ascorbic acid on the concentration of mercury in guinea-pig tissues [proceedings].", "content": "The influence of dietary ascorbic acid on the concentration of mercury in guinea-pig tissues [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028052"}
{"pmid": "1028056", "title": "Insulin secretion in young and adult offspring of rats given diets of varying protein and sucrose content during pregnancy and lactation [proceedings].", "content": "Insulin secretion in young and adult offspring of rats given diets of varying protein and sucrose content during pregnancy and lactation [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028056"}
{"pmid": "1028057", "title": "Dietary protein and energy as determinants of foetal growth in the rat [proceedings].", "content": "Dietary protein and energy as determinants of foetal growth in the rat [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028057"}
{"pmid": "1028058", "title": "Are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary in the human diet? [proceedings].", "content": "Are long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids necessary in the human diet? [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028058"}
{"pmid": "1028059", "title": "The possible nature of the hypocholesterolaemic action of a mould (Fusarium) [proceedings].", "content": "The possible nature of the hypocholesterolaemic action of a mould (Fusarium) [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028059"}
{"pmid": "1028060", "title": "Measurement of liver protein turnover in genetically obese mice using DL-[2-3H]glutamic acid [proceedings].", "content": "Measurement of liver protein turnover in genetically obese mice using DL-[2-3H]glutamic acid [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028060"}
{"pmid": "1028061", "title": "Lipolytic and lipogenic activities of adipose tissue during spontaneous fat depletion and repletion [proceedings].", "content": "Lipolytic and lipogenic activities of adipose tissue during spontaneous fat depletion and repletion [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028061"}
{"pmid": "1028055", "title": "The absorption and distribution of 59Fe in chicks with acute Salmonella gallinarum infection [proceedings].", "content": "The absorption and distribution of 59Fe in chicks with acute Salmonella gallinarum infection [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028055"}
{"pmid": "1028062", "title": "The role of biotin in the stress-induced death of chickens exhibiting fatty liver and kidney syndrome [proceedings].", "content": "The role of biotin in the stress-induced death of chickens exhibiting fatty liver and kidney syndrome [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028062"}
{"pmid": "1028064", "title": "Estimation of heat loss from human subjects at four experimental temperatures, using a direct calorimeter and heat-flow meters [proceedings].", "content": "Estimation of heat loss from human subjects at four experimental temperatures, using a direct calorimeter and heat-flow meters [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028064"}
{"pmid": "1028063", "title": "The effect of dietary sucrose on the metabolism of pentobarbitone [proceedings].", "content": "The effect of dietary sucrose on the metabolism of pentobarbitone [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028063"}
{"pmid": "1028065", "title": "Fat mobilization during exercise following dietary and exercise-induced changes in muscle glycogen [proceedings].", "content": "Fat mobilization during exercise following dietary and exercise-induced changes in muscle glycogen [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028065"}
{"pmid": "1028066", "title": "Time of glucose syrup ingestion to alleviate initial exercise hypoglycaemia [proceedings].", "content": "Time of glucose syrup ingestion to alleviate initial exercise hypoglycaemia [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028066"}
{"pmid": "1028067", "title": "Role of glucocorticoid in the enzyme overshoot response to starvation-refeeding [proceedings].", "content": "Role of glucocorticoid in the enzyme overshoot response to starvation-refeeding [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028067"}
{"pmid": "1028068", "title": "The effect of ethanol on resting metabolic rate [proceedings].", "content": "The effect of ethanol on resting metabolic rate [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028068"}
{"pmid": "1028069", "title": "The fermentation of polyalcohols by rumen microbes in vitro [proceedings].", "content": "The fermentation of polyalcohols by rumen microbes in vitro [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028069"}
{"pmid": "1028070", "title": "Pyridoxine deficiency in severe liver disease [proceedings].", "content": "Pyridoxine deficiency in severe liver disease [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028070"}
{"pmid": "1028071", "title": "Altered morphology and pathways of DNA synthesis in small intestinal epithelium in dietary folate deficiency [proceedings].", "content": "Altered morphology and pathways of DNA synthesis in small intestinal epithelium in dietary folate deficiency [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028071"}
{"pmid": "1028075", "title": "Determination of methionine in the seeds of legumes [proceedings].", "content": "Determination of methionine in the seeds of legumes [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028075"}
{"pmid": "1028074", "title": "Variations in serum chemistry in normal subjects without changes in diet [proceedings].", "content": "Variations in serum chemistry in normal subjects without changes in diet [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028074"}
{"pmid": "1028072", "title": "Influence of dieldrin on the production and characteristics of the egg and utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) [proceedings].", "content": "Influence of dieldrin on the production and characteristics of the egg and utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028072"}
{"pmid": "1028073", "title": "Anthropometry in a Sudanese village; changes after 7 years [proceedings].", "content": "Anthropometry in a Sudanese village; changes after 7 years [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028073"}
{"pmid": "1028076", "title": "The effect of dietary carbohydrate on the utilization of protein by the growing pig [proceedings].", "content": "The effect of dietary carbohydrate on the utilization of protein by the growing pig [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028076"}
{"pmid": "1028077", "title": "The oxidation in vivo of uniformly and carboxyl-14C-labelled methionine by young pigs [proceedings].", "content": "The oxidation in vivo of uniformly and carboxyl-14C-labelled methionine by young pigs [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028077"}
{"pmid": "1028079", "title": "The influence of banana supplemented diet on gastric ulcers in mice.", "content": "The influence of banana supplemented diet on gastric ulcers in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028079"}
{"pmid": "1028078", "title": "Sterols in cerebrospinal fluid during nitrosourea chemotherapy of human brain tumors.", "content": "Sterols in cerebrospinal fluid during nitrosourea chemotherapy of human brain tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028078"}
{"pmid": "1028081", "title": "Pharmacokinetic studies of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) in several animal species.", "content": "Pharmacokinetic studies of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) in several animal species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028081"}
{"pmid": "1028080", "title": "Effect of a new synthetic prostaglandin on acid gastric secretion of different laboratory animals.", "content": "Effect of a new synthetic prostaglandin on acid gastric secretion of different laboratory animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028080"}
{"pmid": "1028082", "title": "Isolation of a hyaluronate pool from the chondroitin sulfate peptide pool of calf rib cartilage. Effect of puromycin and SeO4(2-) on pool labeling with 3H-glucosamine.", "content": "Isolation of a hyaluronate pool from the chondroitin sulfate peptide pool of calf rib cartilage. Effect of puromycin and SeO4(2-) on pool labeling with 3H-glucosamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028082"}
{"pmid": "1028113", "title": "Cytology of human early implantation.", "content": "Cytology of human early implantation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028113"}
{"pmid": "1028114", "title": "How does the copper intrauterine device work?", "content": "How does the copper intrauterine device work?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028114"}
{"pmid": "1028115", "title": "Puberty.", "content": "Puberty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028115"}
{"pmid": "1028118", "title": "Burns caused by monitoring equipment during anaesthesia.", "content": "Burns caused by monitoring equipment during anaesthesia. Hazards of monitoring during anaesthesia are burns, cardiac arrest or ventricular fibrillation, electric shock and false alarms caused by interference with the traces. The causative and contributory factors and the measures for the prevention of burns are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028118"}
{"pmid": "1028116", "title": "The action of phosphocreatine and fructose 1,6-diphosphate on blood in vitro.", "content": "The action of phosphocreatine and fructose 1,6-diphosphate on blood in vitro. Blood in vitro has been used to evaluate the effects of phosphocreatine and fructose 1,6-diphosphate on the adenylate cycle. These compounds, following different metabolic pathways, increased the ATP concentration, phosphocreatine through a direct action on the adenylic phosphate cycle and fructose 1,6-diphosphate mainly by it glycolytic effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028116"}
{"pmid": "1028117", "title": "Biochemical changes in extracorporeal circulation in patients.", "content": "Biochemical changes in extracorporeal circulation in patients. The effect of priming extracorporeal perfusion pumps with 50% and 80% diluted homologous blood on the serum electrolytes, acid-base status and plasma osmolality has been investigated in 103 patients undergoing open-heart surgery for congenital and acquired heart disease. The value in prognosis of plasma osmolality is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028117"}
{"pmid": "1028119", "title": "Diagnosis of brain death.", "content": "Diagnosis of brain death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028119"}
{"pmid": "1028120", "title": "Coronary heart disease.", "content": "Coronary heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028120"}
{"pmid": "1028124", "title": "To the question of the geographic distribution of pterygium.", "content": "To the question of the geographic distribution of pterygium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028124"}
{"pmid": "1028123", "title": "New drug for the treatment of trachoma (clinical trial report).", "content": "New drug for the treatment of trachoma (clinical trial report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028123"}
{"pmid": "1028121", "title": "Artificial circulation for resuscitation after prolonged clinical death caused by hypoxia.", "content": "Artificial circulation for resuscitation after prolonged clinical death caused by hypoxia. The dynamics of dying and the subsequent recovery of the main vital functions such as cardiac performance, respiration and unconditioned reflexes were investigated in 24 dogs resuscitated by Bryukhonenko's method of artificial circulation after 13-15 min clinical death caused by asphyxia. Application of artificial circulation during asystole required a gradual increase for 2-3 min in the volume of perfusion to optimum levels, since too rapid an increase of blood flow resulted in secondary ventricular fibrillation. In conditions of resuscitation with high volumes of extracorporeal perfusion (exceeding 100 ml kg-1 min-1), fast return of vital functions, their subsequent normalization, and relatively smooth recovery, can be achieved. Decreasing the rate of blood flow to 60-80 ml kg-1 min-1 delays the recovery of vital functions of the resuscitated organism. Severe post-resuscitation disease develops with a fatal outcome. Resuscitation with flows of 40 ml kg-1 min-1 or less is ineffective. We concluded that successful resuscitation after clinical death caused by asphyxia was possible only when the blood flow was 1.2-1.5 times higher than the normal cardiac output.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028121"}
{"pmid": "1028125", "title": "Disappearance of trachoma in Bulgaria.", "content": "Disappearance of trachoma in Bulgaria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028125"}
{"pmid": "1028122", "title": "Plasma volume expansion after infusion of 5%, 20% and 25% albumin solutions in patients.", "content": "Plasma volume expansion after infusion of 5%, 20% and 25% albumin solutions in patients. Fifty grams of albumin were infused into patients in the immediate post-operative period as either 5, 20 or 25% solutions. With all three solutions the increase in plasma volume was 500 ml or 11 ml/g of retained albumin, which is less than the normal water-binding capacity of albumin found in studies in vitro and in some clinical studies. This might be explained by a blocking of the water-binding capacity of the albumin or by the action of other unknown mechanisms, when albumin is given in an amount exceeding the losses. The expansion of the plasma volume did not depend on the concentration of the solutions given but only on the amount of albumin given and the deficit in plasma volume. Since albumin is a good plasma expander and a drug with a few secondary effects it is recommended in the treatment of shock. We prefer the 5% solution, which contains an electrolyte solution and is more easily infused, because of its low viscosity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028122"}
{"pmid": "1028126", "title": "Tropical endemic limboconjunctivitis.", "content": "Tropical endemic limboconjunctivitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028126"}
{"pmid": "1028127", "title": "Ultrastructural study of trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis.", "content": "Ultrastructural study of trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028127"}
{"pmid": "1028145", "title": "Testing the economic theory of fertility with cross-sectional and change data.", "content": "Testing the economic theory of fertility with cross-sectional and change data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028145"}
{"pmid": "1028142", "title": "Childlessness, health, and marital satisfaction.", "content": "Childlessness, health, and marital satisfaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028142"}
{"pmid": "1028147", "title": "Use of recall data in survey research on human sexual behavior.", "content": "Use of recall data in survey research on human sexual behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028147"}
{"pmid": "1028143", "title": "Characteristics of voluntarily and involuntarily childless wives.", "content": "Characteristics of voluntarily and involuntarily childless wives. Using data from the 1965 U.S. National Fertility Study, white childless wives 30-54 years old were categorized as voluntarily, involuntarily, or temporarily childless.  These 3 groups were then compared along many demographic, socioeconomic, marital, and religious lines.  It was found that voluntarily and involuntarily childless wives were similar across most characteristics and both groups were different from the temporarily childless women.  This last group is considerably younger than either of the other 2 groups;  this fact may account for the differences between this and the other 2 groups.  Other literature on childlessness is cited and compared.  The difficulties with categorization of childless wives are discussed.  Before it is generally concluded that differences do not exist between voluntarily and involuntarily childless wives, it will be necessary to study data from younger women who benefited from the \"new fertility regime\" of recent years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028143"}
{"pmid": "1028144", "title": "Sex of children and ultimate family size by time and class.", "content": "Sex of children and ultimate family size by time and class.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028144"}
{"pmid": "1028150", "title": "Dysgenic trend in intelligence: comment on Cattell's \"differential fertility and normal selection for IQ: some required conditions in their investigation\".", "content": "Dysgenic trend in intelligence: comment on Cattell's \"differential fertility and normal selection for IQ: some required conditions in their investigation\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028150"}
{"pmid": "1028149", "title": "Prevalence of divorce among parents of children with cystic fibrosis and other chronic diseases.", "content": "Prevalence of divorce among parents of children with cystic fibrosis and other chronic diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028149"}
{"pmid": "1028146", "title": "Measuring mortality trends and differentials.", "content": "Measuring mortality trends and differentials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028146"}
{"pmid": "1028151", "title": "Sex differentials in morbidity and mortality in the United States.", "content": "Sex differentials in morbidity and mortality in the United States.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028151"}
{"pmid": "1028148", "title": "Emotional disturbance in unplanned versus planned children.", "content": "Emotional disturbance in unplanned versus planned children. In 2 studies, 2 samples of planned and unplanned children (mean ages, 13.45 and 13.27), matched for education and divided into middle and lower class, were compared for emotional disturbances.  Also, in the 2nd study, mothers were compared for neuroticism and attitudes to the child, and family size was determined.  The comparisons were made on the basis of personality inventories completed by the children, questionnaires completed by their teachers, and personality and attitude surveys taken by their mothers.  Hypotheses were: 1) unplanned children would be significantly more emotionally disturbed than planned ones (confirmed), 2) mothers of unplanned children would be significantly more neurotic and rejecting than mothers of planned ones (not confirmed), 3) unplanned children would belong to significantly larger families (confirmed).  Unplanned children scored higher for emotional disturbance, particularly the lower class children;  it is suggested that the greater the adversity of circumstance of the family, the more negative the effects of unplanned status will be on emotional adjustment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028148"}
{"pmid": "1028156", "title": "Husband-wife age differentials in Shiraz, Iran.", "content": "Husband-wife age differentials in Shiraz, Iran.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028156"}
{"pmid": "1028153", "title": "Assortative marriage for specific cognitive abilities in Korea.", "content": "Assortative marriage for specific cognitive abilities in Korea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028153"}
{"pmid": "1028154", "title": "Ethnic differentials in neonatal and postneonatal mortality: a birth cohort analysis by a binary variable multiple regression method.", "content": "Ethnic differentials in neonatal and postneonatal mortality: a birth cohort analysis by a binary variable multiple regression method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028154"}
{"pmid": "1028157", "title": "Asynchronous DNA replication and asymmetrical chromosome loss in Chinese hamster-mouse somatic cell hybrids.", "content": "Asynchronous DNA replication and asymmetrical chromosome loss in Chinese hamster-mouse somatic cell hybrids. A number of parameters were measured in a series of 12 hybrid cell clones from Chinese hamster and mouse cells to test the hypothesis that asymmetrical chromosome loss may result from asynchrony in the replication of the two parental sets of chromosomes. All clones tended to lose telocentric (mouse) chromosomes with culture time, irrespective of the starting ratio of parental chromosomes, and in all clones, biarmed (hamster) chromosomes appeared to complete DNA replication slightly earlier than telocentrics. However, no quantitative correlation could be established between the degree of asynchrony in chromosome DNA replication and the extent of chromosome loss. It appeared that telocentric chromosomes were lost more readily from those clones which started with a high hamster-to-mouse chromosome ratio.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028157"}
{"pmid": "1028152", "title": "A study of the membership of the National Organization for Non-Parents.", "content": "A study of the membership of the National Organization for Non-Parents. A total of 420 questionnaires were sent to a random sample of the national members of a voluntary organization formed to challenge societal pressures to have children and to provide support to those choosing to remain childless.  80% (334) returned completed questionnaires.  Results showed that members of the National Organization for Non-Parents (NON) were largely married (69% married and never divorced, 6% married and divorced, 16% single, the rest in other categories).  The mean age of the sample was 31 years, the median 29 years with 44% aged 25-29.  The sample was almost entirely Caucasian, disproportionately concentrated in higher education and income categories, and 49% reported they were either athiest or agnostic.  Respondents were asked when they decided not to have children.  The decision was made anywhere from age 10 to age 32 with a mean of 22.5.  Females were more likely to have decided at an earlier age.  5 reasons were listed as ''very important'' for not having children:  ''having children reduces your ability to do what you want when you want to do it,'' ''caring for a child is a heavy responsibility,'' ''having children intrudes on the  relationship with your spouse,'' ''spouse does not want children,'' and ''having children is financially expensive.''  About 2/3 reported pressures to have children with the media, friends, and co-workers most often named as the leading  source.  Parents and other relatives were reported as a source of pressure by only 13%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028152"}
{"pmid": "1028160", "title": "Cytogenetically marked clones in human fibroblasts cultured from normal subjects.", "content": "Cytogenetically marked clones in human fibroblasts cultured from normal subjects. Clones of cytogenetically abnormal cells have been recognized in fibroblasts cultured from normal human adult skin. No such clones have been observed in human embryo skin fibroblasts cultured in the same way. Although the culture conditions may have played some part in the emergence of these clones, it is possible that the abnormal cells from which the clones were derived were present in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028160"}
{"pmid": "1028155", "title": "A conceptual model for the identification, organization, and measure of influence of fertility policies and programs.", "content": "A conceptual model for the identification, organization, and measure of influence of fertility policies and programs. The fertility program of any government is the procedural action intended to effect the government fertility policy.  There may also be unintended results of any fertility program.  A conceptual model was designed to measure the effect of governmental action on fertility and to identify sociocultural factors that have the greatest influence on fertility.  The model uses sociocultural variables as intervening variables between fertility programs and changes in actual fertility.  The structural variables considered by the model are characteristics of the pattern of social order;  the cultural variables consist of shared values and norms.  Fertility trend analysis is effected by polynomial regression formulae.  Puerto Rican data from 1946 to 1970 were used to test the proposed model.  Analysis of the data indicated that emigration between 1940-1962 had little effect on national fertility.  Governmental family planning programs, beginning in 1946, contributed to a sharp decline in fertility.  It is recommended that the model be used with data from other countries to assess the effects of their family planning programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028155"}
{"pmid": "1028158", "title": "Reactivation of chick erythrocyte nuclei in heterokaryons with temperature-sensitive Chinese hamster cells.", "content": "Reactivation of chick erythrocyte nuclei in heterokaryons with temperature-sensitive Chinese hamster cells. Chinese hamster cell line K12 is temperature-sensitive for the initiation of DNA synthesis. K12 cells synchronized by serum deprivation were collected in early G1(G0). Heterokaryons were formed by fusing chick erythrocytes with serum-starved K12 cells through the use of UV-irradiated Sendai virus. At the permissive temperature (36.5 degrees C), erythrocyte nuclei in heterokaryons enlarged, the chromatin dispersed, and erythrocyte nuclei synthesized DNA at about the same time as the K12 nuclei. At the restrictive temperature (41 degrees C), erythrocyte nuclei enlarged, but neither erythrocyte nor K12 nuclei initiated DNA synthesis. When erythrocyte nuclei were fused with Wg-1A cells, the wild-type parent for ts K12 cells, both kinds of nuclei synthesized DNA at 36.5 degrees C and 41 degrees C. Activation of erythrocyte nuclei was inefficient in heterokaryons incubated in low-serum medium. The results indicate that serum factors and a cellular function defined by the K12 mutation are required for activation of chick erythrocyte nuclear DNA synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028158"}
{"pmid": "1028162", "title": "Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells after treatment with UV and x-irradiation.", "content": "Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of Chinese hamster ovary cells after treatment with UV and x-irradiation. The isolation of ten conditionally lethal temperature-sensitive mutants of the Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO-Kl, pro-) by the BUdR-visible light selection procedure described. Treatment with radiation at doses known to cause single gene mutation in mammalian cells increases the mutation frequency by a factor of at least 14. These mutants will grow with normal plating efficiency at 34.5 degrees but will not grow at 39.5 degrees. Complementation analysis by two independent methods indicates that all mutants are recessive and allows the assignment of the mutants to six genetically independent complementation groups. Reversion analysis indicates that the TS-mutants are stable, spontaneous revertants arising at a frequency of less than 10(-6). Preliminary chromosome analysis revealed no systematic chromasomal abnormality in the mutants. Mitotic accumulation is used to study the generation time of the parental cells and representative mutants at 34.5 degrees and 39.5 degrees. The uses of these mutants for genetic analysis of mammalian cells in culture is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028162"}
{"pmid": "1028161", "title": "Nucleotide analysis of DNA and RNA in cells with thymidine totally replaced by bromodeoxyuridine.", "content": "Nucleotide analysis of DNA and RNA in cells with thymidine totally replaced by bromodeoxyuridine. The nucleotide composition of nuclear DNA has been determined in a cell line (HAB) that has grown for 275 generations with complete substitution of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for thymidine in nuclear DNA. Within 50 generations there is a approximately 3% decrease in the G content and an equivalent increase in the BrdU content of DNA, relative to the unsubstituted parent cell line. However, these alterations do not continue to accumulate when the cells are grown for up to 275 generations with fully substituted DNA, suggesting that they are not brought about by BrdU-induced base transitions due to mispairing. RNA transcription has been examined both in vivo and in vitro to determine whether or not BrdU substitution in DNA results in large-scale transcriptional errors. The nucleotide composition of 18S and 28S rRNA from cells 0, 60%, and 100% substituted with BrdU does not significantly differ. Further, when DNA from these cells is transcribed in vitro with E. coli RNA polymerase, there is no evidence for altered incorporation of nucleotides into RNA made from the substituted templates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028161"}
{"pmid": "1028164", "title": "Improved techniques for the induction of mammalian cell hybridization by polyethylene glycol.", "content": "Improved techniques for the induction of mammalian cell hybridization by polyethylene glycol. Modifications in the techniques for the induction of mammalian somatic cell hybridization by polyethylene glycol (PEG) have led to procedures that are rapid, simple, and effective. The basic improvements, for both monolayer and suspension fusions, are a short exposure to PEG and a rapid dilution of PEG following treatment. There is a marked effect of PEG concentration on cell hybridization, and there seem to be inherent differences between cells in terms of the extent of cell fusion induced by PEG.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028164"}
{"pmid": "1028163", "title": "Expression of human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase in Chinese hamster cells treated with isolated human chromosomes.", "content": "Expression of human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase in Chinese hamster cells treated with isolated human chromosomes. Chinese hamster cells deficient for the enzyme hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) were incubated with isolated human metaphase chromosomes and 21 colonies were isolated in HAT medium. Three different types of cell lines were established from these clones. First, 4 cell lines had 10-30% of normal Chinese hamster HPRT activity with the same electrophoretic mobility as human HPRT. This HPRT activity remains detectable during at least 8 weeks of growth of the cells in nonselective medium. Second, 3 cell lines also had human-like HPRT with the same activity as the first type. This HPRT persists only if the cells are grown in HAT medium and disappears during 8 weeks of growth in nonselective medium. Third, other clones survived in HAT medium as well as in medium with 8-azaguanine. These cells had no detectable HPRT activity. Using differential chromosome staining techniques no recognizable human chromosome fragments were found in any of the cell lines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028163"}
{"pmid": "1028159", "title": "Biochemical genetics of Chinese hamster cell mutants with deviant purine metabolism III. Isolation and characterization of a mutant unable to convert IMP to AMP.", "content": "Biochemical genetics of Chinese hamster cell mutants with deviant purine metabolism III. Isolation and characterization of a mutant unable to convert IMP to AMP. The isolation and characterization of a new mutant of Chinese ovary cells (CHO-K1) is described. This mutant, Ade-H, has the following properties: (1) it forms a new genetic complementation group; (2) it specifically requires adenine for growth and will not grow on aminoimidazole carboxamide (AIC) or hypoxanthine; (3) it accumulates IMP; (4) it cannot synthesize adenine nucleotides; (5) its phenotype can be mimicked by treatment of CHO-K1 (the wild type parental strain) with hadacidin, an inhibitor of adenylosuccinate synthetase (E.C.6.3.4.4). Thus, the site of the defect in this mutant is presumed to involve the step in adenylate biosynthesis catalyzed by this enzyme. The usefulness of Ade-H for the study of regulation of purine biosynthesis in mammalian cells is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028159"}
{"pmid": "1028167", "title": "Biochemical selection systems for mammalian cells: the essential amino acids.", "content": "Biochemical selection systems for mammalian cells: the essential amino acids. The essential amino acid requirement of cultured mammalian cells can be satisfied by 19 amino acid derivatives. This finding (a) confirms the results of animal nutritional studies and (b) identifies 19 essential amino acid derivatives and should permit the isolation of a new class of auxotrophic mutants. Five naturally occurring auxotrophic markers have been detected in this survey; namely, inability to utilize cystathionine and citrulline in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, inability to metabolize citrulline by HTC+hepatoma cells, and confirmation of Eagle's observation that KB cells can utilize homocystine in place of methionine or cystine and D-cystine in place of L-cystine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028167"}
{"pmid": "1028165", "title": "Assignment of the gene for cytoplasmic glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase to the region q-24-qter of human chromosome 10.", "content": "Assignment of the gene for cytoplasmic glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase to the region q-24-qter of human chromosome 10. Somatic cell hybrids between thymidine kinase-deficient mouse cells and human fibroblasts carrying a translocation of the distal third of the long arm of chromosome 10 to chromosome 17 were studied for the expression of cytoplasmic glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase. A positive correlation between the expression of human cytoplasmic glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase and the presence of the distal third of the long arm of chromosome 10 was established.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028165"}
{"pmid": "1028166", "title": "Differential staining of interspecific chromosomes in somatic cell hybrids by alkaline Giemsa stain.", "content": "Differential staining of interspecific chromosomes in somatic cell hybrids by alkaline Giemsa stain. Staining of chromosome preparations of Chinese hamster-human hybrid cells and mouse-chimpanzee hybrids with alkaline Giemsa has yielded color differentiation of the interspecific chromosomes. Bicolor chromosomes, indicating apparent translocations also are observed for each of these hybrids. The specific color differences observed provide a rapid means of recognizing and aiding in the identification of the interspecific chromosomes and apparent translocations in these somatic cell hybrids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028166"}
{"pmid": "1028169", "title": "Expression of transformation in cell hybrids. I. Isolation and application of density-inhibited Balb/3T3 cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and resistant to ouabain.", "content": "Expression of transformation in cell hybrids. I. Isolation and application of density-inhibited Balb/3T3 cells deficient in hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and resistant to ouabain. A cell line, THO2, was isolated from Balb/3T3 clone A31 after sequential nitrosoguanidine treatments and selection for resistance to 6-thioguanine and ouabain. THO2 retains the properties of density-dependent inhibition of growth and serum dependence of DNA synthesis characteristic of 3T3. The codominant expression of ouabain resistance and inability of THO2 to utilize exogenous hypoxanthine in the presence of aminopterin allows isolation of somatic cell hybrids involving THO2 and any ouabain-sensitive, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase-positive cell line. Hybrid clones derived from THO2 and SV40-transformed cells show dominant expression of the transformed phenotype with respect to multilayered arrangement of cells and ability to synthesize DNA in 1% calf-serum medium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028169"}
{"pmid": "1028170", "title": "Human diploid fibroblast mutants with altered RNA polymerase II.", "content": "Human diploid fibroblast mutants with altered RNA polymerase II. Clones resistant to the cytotoxic action of alpha-amanitin have been isolated from a strain of fetal human lung diploid fibroblasts. Resistant clones were recovered at a frequencey of 5 X 10(-8) after single-step selections following mutagenesis with the mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate. Following propagation in drug-free medium, the clones retained the selected phenotype and in both growth and plating experiments showed a 10-50-fold higher resistance than wild-type cells to the cytotoxicity of 0.25 microgram/ml alpha-amanitin. The alpha-amanitin sensitivity of RNA polymerase II purified from the mutant cells suggests the presence of two forms of the enzyme, one similar to that found in wild-type cells and a second form with increased resistance to alpha-amanitin inhibition. These results are consistent with previous evidence that alpha-amanitin resistance behaves as a codominant marker in mammalian cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028170"}
{"pmid": "1028171", "title": "Isolation of mutants lacking branched-chain amino acid transaminase.", "content": "Isolation of mutants lacking branched-chain amino acid transaminase. Variants of the Chinese hamster ovary cell have been isolated which can no longer grow when valine, leucine, or isoleucine is replaced in the culture medium by its respective alpha-keto acid: alpha-ketoisovaleric acid, alpha-ketoisocaproic acid, or alpha-keto-beta-methylvaleric acid. These variants lack branched-chain amino acid transaminase activity. Evidence is presented indicating these variants to be single gene mutants. Genetic evidence is also presented confirming previous biochemical evidence that a single enzyme carries out transaminase functions on valine, leucine, and isoleucine. The branched-chain transaminase-deficient (trans-) mutants can be reverted to wild-type behavior by treatment with mutagenic agents. These mutants promise to be useful in exploring regulatory mechanisms in biochemical, genetic, and cancer research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028171"}
{"pmid": "1028172", "title": "Isolation and partial characterization of three methotrexate-resistant phenotypes from Chinese hamster ovary cells.", "content": "Isolation and partial characterization of three methotrexate-resistant phenotypes from Chinese hamster ovary cells. Three mechanisms for resistance to methotrexate (Mtx) have been identified in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells selected from resistance to this drug. First-step selections produce cells with either an apparent structural alteration in the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (class I), or a decreased permeability to the drug (class II). Mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate increases the proportion of Mtx-resistant cells 5-10-fold. Second-step selections to higher resistance using class I resistant cells as parents results in cells with an increased activity of the reductase enzyme (class III) with no apparent further qualitative alterations in the enzyme. All three classes of resistant cells retain their Mtx-resistant phenotype when cultured under nonselectivve conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028172"}
{"pmid": "1028174", "title": "Polyethylene glycol-induced mammalian cell hybridization: effect of polyethylene glycol molecular weight and concentration.", "content": "Polyethylene glycol-induced mammalian cell hybridization: effect of polyethylene glycol molecular weight and concentration. The effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecular weight and concentration on mammalian cell hybridization were studied. The peak hybridization-inducing activity with all grades of PEG from 400-6000 was found to occur in the concentration range of 50-55%. However, changes in concentration were seen to have different quantitative effects with different grades of PEG. For monolayer fusions, PEG 1000 at 50% seems to be the optimal combination of PEG molecular weight and concentration, in terms of both efficiency of hybridization and relative insensitivity to dilution effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028174"}
{"pmid": "1028175", "title": "Medical staff wins in bylaws dispute.", "content": "Medical staff wins in bylaws dispute.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028175"}
{"pmid": "1028173", "title": "Dimethyl sulfoxide enhances polyethylene glycol-mediated somatic cell fusion.", "content": "Dimethyl sulfoxide enhances polyethylene glycol-mediated somatic cell fusion. The efficiency of fusion of human diploid cells by polyethylene glycol was greatly enhanced by addition of dimethyl sulfoxide. The extent of fusion was directly proportional to the concentrations of both of these compounds. At all except the highest concentrations, cell loss was moderate to minimal and perturbation of cell cycle function as measured by [3H] thymidine labeling indices and mitotic indices was minimal in the surviving cells. This technique is potentially useful for heterokaryon studies as well as for the isolation of hybrids of mammalian somatic cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028173"}
{"pmid": "1028140", "title": "Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Italy: report of the first clinical case.", "content": "Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Italy: report of the first clinical case. Previous studies on the clinical features of meningoencephalitis in Italy did not help to indicate the nature of the causative agents. On the other hand during the past decade nine arboviruses were isolated in Italy, some of which are yet to prove pathogenic for man. A systematic study was carried out in cooperation between the Department of Neurology of the University of Florence and the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Rome), in order to understand a possible role of arboviruses as etiologic agents of meningoencephalitis in Italy; in this preliminary communication the first clinical case of Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE) virus infection is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028140"}
{"pmid": "1028176", "title": "CT decision: to buy or not to buy?", "content": "CT decision: to buy or not to buy?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028176"}
{"pmid": "1028177", "title": "New AHA indexes to put prices in perspective.", "content": "New AHA indexes to put prices in perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028177"}
{"pmid": "1028178", "title": "Hospital workers get six-month pay freeze following strike and binding arbitration.", "content": "Hospital workers get six-month pay freeze following strike and binding arbitration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028178"}
{"pmid": "1028179", "title": "Bylaws by law: a look at the St. John's decision.", "content": "Bylaws by law: a look at the St. John's decision.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028179"}
{"pmid": "1028180", "title": "What is the attorney's duty in a medical malpractice case?", "content": "What is the attorney's duty in a medical malpractice case?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028180"}
{"pmid": "1028168", "title": "Biochemical genetics of Chinese hamster cell mutants with deviant purine metabolism. IV. Isolation of a mutant which accumulates adenylosuccinic acid and succinylaminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide.", "content": "Biochemical genetics of Chinese hamster cell mutants with deviant purine metabolism. IV. Isolation of a mutant which accumulates adenylosuccinic acid and succinylaminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide. The production, isolation, and characterization of a new complementation group (Ade-I) of adenine-requiring mutant of Chinese hamster cells (CHO-K1) is described. This mutant accumulates two intermediates of purine biosynthesis, both of which contain an aspartate moiety. One of these is shown to be adenylosuccinic acid (AMPS) by chromatographic analysis, while evidence is presented that strongly suggests the other intermediate is succinylaminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide (SAICAR). Thus, Ade-I is most likely lacking the activity of the enzyme adenylosuccinase (EC 4.3.2.2). The use of this and similar mutants for the analysis of regulation of purine biosynthesis in mammalian cells is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028168"}
{"pmid": "1028181", "title": "A physician recruitment plan that works.", "content": "A physician recruitment plan that works.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028181"}
{"pmid": "1028182", "title": "The strike that nobody won.", "content": "The strike that nobody won.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028182"}
{"pmid": "1028183", "title": "Multihospital systems: the older they get, the better they run.", "content": "Multihospital systems: the older they get, the better they run.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028183"}
{"pmid": "1028184", "title": "Continuing education a must, trustees say.", "content": "Continuing education a must, trustees say.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028184"}
{"pmid": "1028185", "title": "Contamination formed around a very narrow electron beam.", "content": "Contamination formed around a very narrow electron beam. Specimen contamination in the electron microscope is studied in an attempt to clarify the processes involved in contamination deposition. A very narrow electron beam has been used to make small peaks of contamination on the surface of a thin carbon film. These peaks have been imaged and the rates of growth of the height, diameter and volume determined. It is concluded that a portion of the contamination can be related to the interaction of the electron beam with the adsorbed surface layer. Surface migration of adsorbed material is indicated as the supply mechanism. Significant deposition of material in regions not exposed to the beam is reported for the first time. A method for determining the thickness of thin amorphous carbon film in the range of a hundred to a few thousand Angströms is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028185"}
{"pmid": "1028186", "title": "Stereoscopy techniques for the electron microscope.", "content": "Stereoscopy techniques for the electron microscope.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028186"}
{"pmid": "1028187", "title": "Electronmicroscopic mass determination using photographic isodensity techniques.", "content": "Electronmicroscopic mass determination using photographic isodensity techniques. Using Agfacontour, Kodalith, or similar films, it is possible to convert an electron micrograph into a map of regions of equal photographic density (isodensitites) by simple copying procedures. If images of polystyrene spheres  and a calibrated density wedge are included in the copies, it is possible to quantitatively calibrate the isodensities in terms of mass per unit area of the specimen. In this way, electronmicroscopic mass determination may be accomplished without the need of densitometers or other photometric equipment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028187"}
{"pmid": "1028188", "title": "Direct phase determination for quasi-kinematical electron diffraction intensity data from organic microcrystals.", "content": "Direct phase determination for quasi-kinematical electron diffraction intensity data from organic microcrystals. Direct phasing techniques using cosine estimates for three-phase and four-phase structure invariants in space group P1 are applied to zonal hk0 electron diffraction intensity data from an orthorhombic paraffin and a cephalin. Ab initio use of these kinematical phases is shown to derive the correct structures of the methylene subcell packings for these compounds in agreement with earlier determinations from Patterson maps.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028188"}
{"pmid": "1028189", "title": "Computer experiments for tilted beam dark-field imaging.", "content": "Computer experiments for tilted beam dark-field imaging. Simulated high resolution tilted beam dark-field electron micrographs for the conventional transmission microscope were obtained by performing wave optical calculations with a high speed computer. Various organometallic molecules and point defects in crystals were studied to assess whether the image structures resembled the orginal object in terms of atom positions and atom correlations for a variety of microscope conditions. For the organometallic molecules close agreement was found between actual experimental micrographs and calculated images for specific combinations of microscope parameters. The images of point defects indicate that it should be possible to identify these structures based upon image size and intensity which in turn are highly dependent on the strain field surrounding the defect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028189"}
{"pmid": "1028190", "title": "Quantitative tensile-tilting stages for the high voltage electron microscope.", "content": "Quantitative tensile-tilting stages for the high voltage electron microscope. This paper describes a soft and a hard tensile stage for the high voltage electron microscope. Both stages can be combined with a top entry double tilting stage. The devices are driven by thermal expansion elements operating against water cooled parts. The drive mechanism shows smooth action with a relatively low response time and good long-time stability. The stages are equipped with strain gauge bridges for force and elongation measurements. The soft stage has a maximum load of 13 g, and a hard one reaches 1.5 kg.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028190"}
{"pmid": "1028191", "title": "The use of backscattered electrons for imaging purposes in a scanning electron microscope.", "content": "The use of backscattered electrons for imaging purposes in a scanning electron microscope. It is shown that the use of a very large detector for backscattered electrons can provide a signal comparable to that obtained in the secondary emission mode and that the resolution available is also comparable. A technique is described whereby the difference is taken between these two signals, and the use of this difference signal can significantly enhance surface details. It is believed that the use of such a signal should ultimately prove advantageous in increasing resolution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028191"}
{"pmid": "1028192", "title": "The formation and interpretation of defect images from crystalline materials in a scanning transmission electron microscope.", "content": "The formation and interpretation of defect images from crystalline materials in a scanning transmission electron microscope. The technique of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been employed usefully in studies of amorphous materials, and the theory of image formation and interpretation in this case has been well developed. Less attention has been given to the practical and theoretical problems associated with the use of STEM for the examination of crystalline materials. In this case the contrast mechanisms are dominated by Bragg diffraction and so they are quite different from those occurring in amorphous substances. In this paper practical techniques for the observation and interpretation of contrast from defects in crystalline materials are discussed. It is shown that whilst images of defects are obtained readily under all typical STEM operating conditions, the form of the image and the information it contains varies with the angle subtended at the specimen by the detector. If this angle is too large significant image modifications relative to the \"conventional\" transmission electron microscope case may occur and the resolution of the image may degrade. If this angle is too small, then signal to noise considerations make an interpretation of the image difficult. In this paper we indicate how the detector angle may be chosen correctly, and also present techniques for setting up a STEM instrument for imaging a crystalline material containing lattice defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028192"}
{"pmid": "1028194", "title": "Report on EMAG75, a conference on developments in electron microscopy and analysis organised by the Electron Microscopy and Analysis Group of the Institute of Physics at the University of Bristol, UK, on the 8th-11th September 1975.", "content": "Report on EMAG75, a conference on developments in electron microscopy and analysis organised by the Electron Microscopy and Analysis Group of the Institute of Physics at the University of Bristol, UK, on the 8th-11th September 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028194"}
{"pmid": "1028195", "title": "Very low voltage electron microscopy.", "content": "Very low voltage electron microscopy. We conclude that a 150 V scanning microscope with a resolution of 10 A is quite feasible and could have considerable value. It might consist of a field emission source, an electron gun to decelerate the electrons, a condenser lens to produce a parallel beam, a multipole corrector and a short focal length objective lens. Electrons reflected from the specimen surface would pass through a spectrometer whose principal features would be a large collecting power and low (1/200) energy resolution. Finally, we should add that such a microscope presents a considerable challenge and new opportunities for the electron optician in both lens and spectrometer design. We cannot refrain from pointing out that the Scherzer theorem does not necessarily hold for such a lens since the constraints of the theorem do not apply to this case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028195"}
{"pmid": "1028193", "title": "The extension of scanning transmission electron microscopy by use of diffraction information.", "content": "The extension of scanning transmission electron microscopy by use of diffraction information. The information contained in the intensity distribution of the convergent beam electron diffraction pattern, produced in the detector plane for each incident beam position in a scanning transmission electron microscope, may be used to enhance the resolution of the microscope or else to decrease the electron irradiation of the specimen involved in deducing information at any particular level of resolution. The structural information concerning the specimen may be obtained, for example by interpretation of the Patterson function using image-seeking methods. The statistical error involved due to the finite number of electrons available may be derived by considering the efficiency of use of the information contained in Patterson function peaks. The most efficient means for using the available information appears to be that based on information theory concepts, which employ the integral over the product of the observed diffraction pattern intensity and the intensity calculated for known or postulated groupings of atoms. The reduction in radiation damage possible by use of this method, relative to that involved in the separate imaging of individual atoms, may be by a factor of approximately n, where n is the number of atoms in the known or postulated group being sought.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028193"}
{"pmid": "1028197", "title": "Enhancing the power of density modification.", "content": "Enhancing the power of density modification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028197"}
{"pmid": "1028196", "title": "Hydrogen ion neutralization: a new contrast mechanism in the scanning transmission ion microscope.", "content": "Hydrogen ion neutralization: a new contrast mechanism in the scanning transmission ion microscope.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028196"}
{"pmid": "1028198", "title": "Computer programs and image analysis.", "content": "Computer programs and image analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028198"}
{"pmid": "1028199", "title": "Use of coincidence techniques to improve the detection limits of electron spectroscopy in STEM.", "content": "Use of coincidence techniques to improve the detection limits of electron spectroscopy in STEM. A method of improving the detection limits of microanalysis using electron energy losses due to inner-shell excitation is proposed. This is based on coincidence detection of the energy-loss electrons with another signal which also results from inner-shell excitations, i.e., Auger electrons or characteristic X-rays. It is concluded that there will be a significant improvement in the detection of monolayers on a homogeneous monatomic substrate by using coincidence of energy-loss electrons with Auger electrons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028199"}
{"pmid": "1028200", "title": "Contribution of electron energy loss spectroscopy to the development of analytical electron microscopy.", "content": "Contribution of electron energy loss spectroscopy to the development of analytical electron microscopy. The combined use of an electron energy loss spectrometer and an electron microscope provides some chemical information at the nanometer scale. The physics of the interaction processes between the incident electron beam and the thin sample foil is reviewed in terms of energy and momentum transfer. This analysis of the content of an electron energy loss spectrum allows us to establish rules for a satisfactory use of the information and to discuss the detection limits of this newly developed microanalytical technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028200"}
{"pmid": "1028205", "title": "Use of pure carbon specimen holders for analytical electron microscopy of thin sections.", "content": "Use of pure carbon specimen holders for analytical electron microscopy of thin sections. The use of a simple specimen holder, made of pure carbon, for analytical electron microscopy of sections of biological material is reported. Interference of the specimen holder with the X-ray spectrum from the specimen is minimized. The contribution of the holder to the continuum spectrum is consistent with theoretical predictions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028205"}
{"pmid": "1028206", "title": "High resolution shadowing for electron microscopy by sputter deposition.", "content": "High resolution shadowing for electron microscopy by sputter deposition. The sputtering process by an ion beam well collimated and highly accelerated provides a valuable means of high resolution shadowing, replication of a fine object by a combination of pre-shadowing and deposition as well as a preparation of supporting films. High resolution shadowing and films with grains smaller than 1 nm can be obtained by argon ion-sputtering targets of tungsten and tungsten/tantalum alloy. The resolution of carbon replicas pre-shadowed with tungsten/tantalum is determined from the radius of curvature of replicated magnesium oxide crystal corners.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028206"}
{"pmid": "1028207", "title": "Scanning transmission electron microscopy of thin specimens.", "content": "Scanning transmission electron microscopy of thin specimens. The intensity distributions in bright field and dark field images of thin specimens obtained in scanning transmission electron microscopy are evaluated in terms of the phase of object approximation for coherent and partially coherent illumination. Previous treatments, based on a weak phase object approximation are shown to contain unwarranted assumptions in some cases, resulting in predictions of limited validity. The probable errors due to the neglect of higher order terms in power series expansion and in the assumption that the dark-field signal from an annular detector is proportional to the total elastic scattering are evaluated. Questions of optimizing the signal intensity and contrast are examined by considering the detector configuration in relationship to the form of the convergent beam diffraction pattern formed in the detector plane and the implications for the use of diffraction pattern information to enhance the imaging process are considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028207"}
{"pmid": "1028201", "title": "Quantitative electron probe microanalysis of biological thin sections: methods and validity.", "content": "Quantitative electron probe microanalysis of biological thin sections: methods and validity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028201"}
{"pmid": "1028208", "title": "Measurement of focus and spherical aberration of an electron microscope objective lens.", "content": "Measurement of focus and spherical aberration of an electron microscope objective lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028208"}
{"pmid": "1028210", "title": "Minimization of dose as a criterion for the selection of imaging modes in electron microscopy of amorphous specimens.", "content": "Minimization of dose as a criterion for the selection of imaging modes in electron microscopy of amorphous specimens. A fundamental limitation in electron microscopy of organic specimens is radiation damage by the electron beam. To minimize damage it is necessary to have maximum information collection for a given dose. Various modes of operation of conventional and scanning transmission microscopes are compared with respect to their ability to detect small changes in specimen thickness or density with a given signal to noise ratio. Incoherent imaging is assumed, and this is expected to apply to amorphous specimens under a variety of microscope conditions. For either very thin or very thick specimens, the scanning transmission microscope is found to require nearly 10 times less dose than a conventional microscope for the same signal to noise ratio in the image. For specimens of intermediate thickness, scanning and conventional transmission electron microscopes are roughly equivalent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028210"}
{"pmid": "1028202", "title": "The study of the adsorption and diffusion of heavy atoms on light element substrates by means of the atomic resolution STEM.", "content": "The study of the adsorption and diffusion of heavy atoms on light element substrates by means of the atomic resolution STEM.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028202"}
{"pmid": "1028209", "title": "The modification of the electron microscope for special crystallographic applications.", "content": "The modification of the electron microscope for special crystallographic applications. The conversion of the transmission electron microscope to a convergent-beam camera and shadow microscope with facilities for experiments using two specimens located in different planes is discussed, with particular reference to older models such as the Elmiskop 1. The conversion requires the removal of the intermediate lens in some microscopes and thus prevents them from operating in their original capacity. The Elmiskop 1 has a wide intermediate lens pole-piece which does not unduly restrict the diffraction angle. The smallest crystal spacing contributing to the convergent-beam diffraction pattern is 0.05 nm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028209"}
{"pmid": "1028211", "title": "Influence of detector geometry on image properties of the STEM for thick objects.", "content": "Influence of detector geometry on image properties of the STEM for thick objects. Plural electron scattering within thick objects broadens and smoothes the intensity distribution in the detector plane of a scanning transmission electron microscope. Detector arrangements have been determined which give maximum contrast and optimum S/N when the object details are large compared to the scanning spot. Asymptotic expressions for the optimum detector angles, specimen resolution, and S/N were obtained which are valid for objects thicker than approximately four elastic mean free path lengths. Exact calculations of the changes in contrast and S/N with thickness fluctuations in amorphous carbon foils were performed for atbitrary foil thicknesses. Elastic and inelastic electron scattering was taken into account.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028211"}
{"pmid": "1028203", "title": "Radiation damage of proteins in the solid state: changes of amino acid composition in catalase.", "content": "Radiation damage of proteins in the solid state: changes of amino acid composition in catalase. Catalase has been irradiated with 100 keV electrons under conditions simulating the hazards of electron microscopic imaging. Amino acid analysis reveals a definite pattern of amino acid destruction which is well correlated with the particular chemical structures of amino acid side chains. This pattern appears to be distinctly different from the sensitivity pattern for monoamino acid systems, which fact is ascribed to intramolecular energy transfer and selective attack of liberated radicals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028203"}
{"pmid": "1028213", "title": "Genetic leukodystrophies.", "content": "Genetic leukodystrophies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028213"}
{"pmid": "1028212", "title": "Report of a workshop on analytical electron microscopy held at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA, August 3-6, 1976.", "content": "Report of a workshop on analytical electron microscopy held at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA, August 3-6, 1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028212"}
{"pmid": "1028214", "title": "Cesarian section and the risk of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage.", "content": "Cesarian section and the risk of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028214"}
{"pmid": "1028215", "title": "Ependymal neoplasms in children.", "content": "Ependymal neoplasms in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028215"}
{"pmid": "1028217", "title": "Kearns-Sayre syndrome or ophthalmoplegia-plus? To lump or to split?", "content": "Kearns-Sayre syndrome or ophthalmoplegia-plus? To lump or to split?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028217"}
{"pmid": "1028216", "title": "Childhood heartburn mimicking neuropsychiatric disease.", "content": "Childhood heartburn mimicking neuropsychiatric disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028216"}
{"pmid": "1028219", "title": "Myopathic fibrillation potentials and collateral innervation in the human myopathies.", "content": "Myopathic fibrillation potentials and collateral innervation in the human myopathies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028219"}
{"pmid": "1028218", "title": "Eosinophilic polymyositis.", "content": "Eosinophilic polymyositis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028218"}
{"pmid": "1028220", "title": "Immobilization and muscle atrophy.", "content": "Immobilization and muscle atrophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028220"}
{"pmid": "1028204", "title": "Low voltage electron microscopy--how low?", "content": "Low voltage electron microscopy--how low?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028204"}
{"pmid": "1028221", "title": "Amyloid polyneuropathy--a plasma cell dyscrasia with abnormal circulating immunoglobulins.", "content": "Amyloid polyneuropathy--a plasma cell dyscrasia with abnormal circulating immunoglobulins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028221"}
{"pmid": "1028223", "title": "The large apparent metabolic work capacity of the blood-brain barrier.", "content": "The large apparent metabolic work capacity of the blood-brain barrier.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028223"}
{"pmid": "1028222", "title": "Central and peripheral nervous system degeneration produced by pure n-hexane.", "content": "Central and peripheral nervous system degeneration produced by pure n-hexane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028222"}
{"pmid": "1028225", "title": "Elevated antidiuretic hormone levels after cerebrovascular accidents.", "content": "Elevated antidiuretic hormone levels after cerebrovascular accidents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028225"}
{"pmid": "1028224", "title": "Hypothesis for rational therapy in acute stroke.", "content": "Hypothesis for rational therapy in acute stroke.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028224"}
{"pmid": "1028227", "title": "New, noninvasive test for late-onset acid maltase deficiency: assay of urinary enzyme.", "content": "New, noninvasive test for late-onset acid maltase deficiency: assay of urinary enzyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028227"}
{"pmid": "1028228", "title": "Acid maltase deficiency: reincarnation in cultured muscle fibers of the typical morphological and biochemical defects.", "content": "Acid maltase deficiency: reincarnation in cultured muscle fibers of the typical morphological and biochemical defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028228"}
{"pmid": "1028230", "title": "Effect of ammonia on cerebral metabolism of rats with portocaval shunts.", "content": "Effect of ammonia on cerebral metabolism of rats with portocaval shunts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028230"}
{"pmid": "1028229", "title": "The characterization of human peripheral nerve collagens.", "content": "The characterization of human peripheral nerve collagens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028229"}
{"pmid": "1028232", "title": "Use of a self-administered questionnaire for detection of TIA in elderly populations--an interim report.", "content": "Use of a self-administered questionnaire for detection of TIA in elderly populations--an interim report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028232"}
{"pmid": "1028226", "title": "Some determinants of vestibular canal activity in cat and man.", "content": "Some determinants of vestibular canal activity in cat and man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028226"}
{"pmid": "1028231", "title": "Regulation of intracranial pressure in rat, dog, and man: manometric assessment of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics using a constant-flow perfusion system.", "content": "Regulation of intracranial pressure in rat, dog, and man: manometric assessment of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics using a constant-flow perfusion system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028231"}
{"pmid": "1028233", "title": "Cortical unit activity during generalized seizures induced by penicillin.", "content": "Cortical unit activity during generalized seizures induced by penicillin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028233"}
{"pmid": "1028236", "title": "A clinical pharmacology of eterobarb: a gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric study.", "content": "A clinical pharmacology of eterobarb: a gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028236"}
{"pmid": "1028234", "title": "Endogenously released adenine derivatives: a possible role in epileptogenesis.", "content": "Endogenously released adenine derivatives: a possible role in epileptogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028234"}
{"pmid": "1028235", "title": "Mesocortical dopamine projections: the septal innervation.", "content": "Mesocortical dopamine projections: the septal innervation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028235"}
{"pmid": "1028237", "title": "Experimental models of metastases to the nervous system.", "content": "Experimental models of metastases to the nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028237"}
{"pmid": "1028238", "title": "Brain tumor chemotherapy: translation of laboratory experiments into clinical trials.", "content": "Brain tumor chemotherapy: translation of laboratory experiments into clinical trials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028238"}
{"pmid": "1028240", "title": "St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE) in a middle-class population in Northern Illinois.", "content": "St. Louis Encephalitis (SLE) in a middle-class population in Northern Illinois.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028240"}
{"pmid": "1028241", "title": "Myxedema myopathy and myasthenia.", "content": "Myxedema myopathy and myasthenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028241"}
{"pmid": "1028243", "title": "Dendritic changes in the aging human rhinencephalon.", "content": "Dendritic changes in the aging human rhinencephalon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028243"}
{"pmid": "1028242", "title": "Optic gliomas of multicentric origin with favorable response to radiotherapy.", "content": "Optic gliomas of multicentric origin with favorable response to radiotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028242"}
{"pmid": "1028239", "title": "Chemotherapy of malignant glioma with CCNU alone and CCNU combined with vincristine sulfate and procarbazine hydrochloride.", "content": "Chemotherapy of malignant glioma with CCNU alone and CCNU combined with vincristine sulfate and procarbazine hydrochloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028239"}
{"pmid": "1028246", "title": "Charcot joints associated with normal cutaneous sensation.", "content": "Charcot joints associated with normal cutaneous sensation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028246"}
{"pmid": "1028244", "title": "Age as a determinant in the neurology of subdural hematomas.", "content": "Age as a determinant in the neurology of subdural hematomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028244"}
{"pmid": "1028245", "title": "Static and progressive neuromuscular disease in a kindred.", "content": "Static and progressive neuromuscular disease in a kindred.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028245"}
{"pmid": "1028247", "title": "Focal lesions of muscle in peripheral vascular disease: their comparison with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.", "content": "Focal lesions of muscle in peripheral vascular disease: their comparison with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028247"}
{"pmid": "1028248", "title": "Myocardial damage and cardiac arrhythmias in cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage: correlation with increased systemic catecholamine output.", "content": "Myocardial damage and cardiac arrhythmias in cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage: correlation with increased systemic catecholamine output.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028248"}
{"pmid": "1028249", "title": "Sequence of myelination in the human fetus.", "content": "Sequence of myelination in the human fetus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028249"}
{"pmid": "1028250", "title": "Korsakoff syndrome resulting from bilateral fornix lesions.", "content": "Korsakoff syndrome resulting from bilateral fornix lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028250"}
{"pmid": "1028251", "title": "The effects of osmotic gradients on fluid movement through brain and on choroid plexus secretion in experimental hydrocephalus.", "content": "The effects of osmotic gradients on fluid movement through brain and on choroid plexus secretion in experimental hydrocephalus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028251"}
{"pmid": "1028253", "title": "Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.", "content": "Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028253"}
{"pmid": "1028255", "title": "Morphologic abnormalities in cerebellar biopsies of epileptic patients.", "content": "Morphologic abnormalities in cerebellar biopsies of epileptic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028255"}
{"pmid": "1028254", "title": "Electrophysiological study of anomalous innervation of intrinsic hand muscles.", "content": "Electrophysiological study of anomalous innervation of intrinsic hand muscles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028254"}
{"pmid": "1028256", "title": "Progressive dialysis encephalopathy: clinical EEG, and neuropathologic features.", "content": "Progressive dialysis encephalopathy: clinical EEG, and neuropathologic features.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028256"}
{"pmid": "1028252", "title": "Involuntary movements of the upper limbs in cervical myelopathy as part of flexion withdrawal.", "content": "Involuntary movements of the upper limbs in cervical myelopathy as part of flexion withdrawal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028252"}
{"pmid": "1028257", "title": "A growth model for the total weight of the prenatal human brain.", "content": "A growth model for the total weight of the prenatal human brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028257"}
{"pmid": "1028258", "title": "Environmental factors modifying the effect of CCNU on glioma in vitro and in vivo.", "content": "Environmental factors modifying the effect of CCNU on glioma in vitro and in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028258"}
{"pmid": "1028259", "title": "Herpesvirus and multiple sclerosis.", "content": "Herpesvirus and multiple sclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028259"}
{"pmid": "1028260", "title": "The prevalence of epilepsy in a large heterogeneous urban population (The Bronx, New York, January 8, 1975).", "content": "The prevalence of epilepsy in a large heterogeneous urban population (The Bronx, New York, January 8, 1975).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028260"}
{"pmid": "1028261", "title": "Thalamic hemorrhage with speech disorder.", "content": "Thalamic hemorrhage with speech disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028261"}
{"pmid": "1028263", "title": "Epileptogenesis in mammalian cortex studied in vitro.", "content": "Epileptogenesis in mammalian cortex studied in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028263"}
{"pmid": "1028264", "title": "Antimyelin basic protein antibodies and cellular hypersensitivity in multiple sclerosis.", "content": "Antimyelin basic protein antibodies and cellular hypersensitivity in multiple sclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028264"}
{"pmid": "1028262", "title": "Thymoma with distant metastases.", "content": "Thymoma with distant metastases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028262"}
{"pmid": "1028269", "title": "Myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid as an indicator of active demyelination.", "content": "Myelin basic protein in cerebrospinal fluid as an indicator of active demyelination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028269"}
{"pmid": "1028265", "title": "The diving reflex in infants: a preliminary report.", "content": "The diving reflex in infants: a preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028265"}
{"pmid": "1028268", "title": "Changes in ammonia and amino acid metabolism induced by hyperosmolality in vivo and in vitro.", "content": "Changes in ammonia and amino acid metabolism induced by hyperosmolality in vivo and in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028268"}
{"pmid": "1028272", "title": "Psychological deficits and recovery of functions after head injury.", "content": "Psychological deficits and recovery of functions after head injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028272"}
{"pmid": "1028267", "title": "Experimental stroke in gerbils: selective vulnerability at the molecular and cellular levels.", "content": "Experimental stroke in gerbils: selective vulnerability at the molecular and cellular levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028267"}
{"pmid": "1028266", "title": "Brainstem auditory potentials in clinically diagnosed central pontine myelinolysis.", "content": "Brainstem auditory potentials in clinically diagnosed central pontine myelinolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028266"}
{"pmid": "1028271", "title": "Quantitative analysis of the ocular motor deficit in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).", "content": "Quantitative analysis of the ocular motor deficit in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028271"}
{"pmid": "1028270", "title": "Sequential parkinsonism and chorea following \"mild\" inluenza.", "content": "Sequential parkinsonism and chorea following \"mild\" inluenza.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028270"}
{"pmid": "1028274", "title": "Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: clinical pathological correlates and failure of a drug trial in two patients.", "content": "Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: clinical pathological correlates and failure of a drug trial in two patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028274"}
{"pmid": "1028275", "title": "New histochemical technique for the demonstration of adenyl cyclase (AC) in nervous tissue and muscle.", "content": "New histochemical technique for the demonstration of adenyl cyclase (AC) in nervous tissue and muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028275"}
{"pmid": "1028273", "title": "Autosomal dominant striatonigral degeneration: a clinical, pathological, and biochemical study of a new genetic disorder.", "content": "Autosomal dominant striatonigral degeneration: a clinical, pathological, and biochemical study of a new genetic disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028273"}
{"pmid": "1028277", "title": "Fine structural changes in the cerebellar cortex in kinky hair disease.", "content": "Fine structural changes in the cerebellar cortex in kinky hair disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028277"}
{"pmid": "1028279", "title": "Disease nomenclature and classification systems in neurologic practice, research, and education.", "content": "Disease nomenclature and classification systems in neurologic practice, research, and education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028279"}
{"pmid": "1028276", "title": "X-linked recessive humero-peroneal neuromuscular disease associated with atrial paralysis and sudden death.", "content": "X-linked recessive humero-peroneal neuromuscular disease associated with atrial paralysis and sudden death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028276"}
{"pmid": "1028278", "title": "Endotoxin encephalopathy.", "content": "Endotoxin encephalopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028278"}
{"pmid": "1028280", "title": "Brain sarcomas.", "content": "Brain sarcomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028280"}
{"pmid": "1028281", "title": "Quantitative cinemorphology of the human brain displayed by means of mobile computer graphics.", "content": "Quantitative cinemorphology of the human brain displayed by means of mobile computer graphics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028281"}
{"pmid": "1028314", "title": "The swine flu immunization program.", "content": "The swine flu immunization program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028314"}
{"pmid": "1028315", "title": "Homer G. Phillips: historic training hospital for black physicians may pass from the scene.", "content": "Homer G. Phillips: historic training hospital for black physicians may pass from the scene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028315"}
{"pmid": "1028316", "title": "Primary care: a definition.", "content": "Primary care: a definition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028316"}
{"pmid": "1028317", "title": "Study in Watts. Family practice for the inner city: what consumers expect.", "content": "Study in Watts. Family practice for the inner city: what consumers expect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028317"}
{"pmid": "1028318", "title": "Organization for primary care training in the teaching hospital.", "content": "Organization for primary care training in the teaching hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028318"}
{"pmid": "1028319", "title": "Case-finding for chronic illness in a black community.", "content": "Case-finding for chronic illness in a black community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028319"}
{"pmid": "1028320", "title": "\"If we want GPs, we'll have to admit them to medical school\".", "content": "\"If we want GPs, we'll have to admit them to medical school\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028320"}
{"pmid": "1028310", "title": "O.R. exposure--cancer, miscarriages, and birth defects.", "content": "O.R. exposure--cancer, miscarriages, and birth defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028310"}
{"pmid": "1028321", "title": "Today's challenges in primary health care.", "content": "Today's challenges in primary health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028321"}
{"pmid": "1028311", "title": "Respiratory disease in beauticians.", "content": "Respiratory disease in beauticians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028311"}
{"pmid": "1028322", "title": "New York hospitals get new guidelines for patient research.", "content": "New York hospitals get new guidelines for patient research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028322"}
{"pmid": "1028323", "title": "Family practice: a need for research.", "content": "Family practice: a need for research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028323"}
{"pmid": "1028324", "title": "Symposium discusses cardiovascular diseases: emphasis on black community.", "content": "Symposium discusses cardiovascular diseases: emphasis on black community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028324"}
{"pmid": "1028313", "title": "Home delivery research today--a review.", "content": "Home delivery research today--a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028313"}
{"pmid": "1028312", "title": "Litigation involving DES.", "content": "Litigation involving DES. Focus is on the diethylstilbestrol (DES) litigation which has resulted from the 1971 discovery that this synthetic estrogen can cause cancer in the daughters of women who used the drug during pregnancy in an effort to prevent threatened abortion.  Possibly 100 suits are pending at this time in which DES daughters claim injuries.  In most of these vaginal or cervical cancer has appeared -- with or without a hysterectomy having been performed.  Several women died from cancer.  The fact that the use of DES occurred many years ago is the legal hurdle most troublesome to lawyers.  The average women coming to a lawyer's office today has a mother who used some form of DES, perhaps in 1955.  Few drugstores have records today of the prescriptions which they filled 20 years ago.  It has been estimated that over the 1950-1970 period more than 200 different companies manufactured or \"tabletized\" under their own name DES plus a variety of similar synthetic estrogens promoted for the prevention of threatened abortion.  A further hurdle caused by the passage of time is that even the records of the physicians are frequently lost.  A final problem created by the age of the cases is statute of limitations.  If the actual manufacturer of the DES cannot be identified, this is generally the end of the lawyer's interest in the case.  The chance of the plaintiff winning may be increased if the action against all the manufacturers is a class action.  Most of the pending DES suits are against the manufacturer and not against the doctor.  Thus far no DES case has been tried to completion.  Several have been settled by the manufacturers on the eve of the trial, generally for less than the full sum that a cancer victim would expect to receive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028312"}
{"pmid": "1028328", "title": "Seasonal reproductive periodicity and thyroid fluctuations in female Indian palm squirrel, Funambulus pennanti.", "content": "Seasonal reproductive periodicity and thyroid fluctuations in female Indian palm squirrel, Funambulus pennanti. Seasonal reproductive rhythmicity and concomitant thyroid fluctuations have been studied in the female Indian palm squirrel, Funambulus pennanti. The majority of the squirrels enter estrus during March and April when ovarian follicles attain maximum diameter. Ovulation starts in April and continues till June. A large number of degenerating follicles, indicating decline in ovarian functions, is a characteristic feature of the ovary in August. Minimum percent thyroid 131I uptake is recorded during May and June, i.e. at the onset of mating season. In July, which also marked the gestation period in the majority of the squirrels dissected, thyroid activity significantly increases. Gonadal regression begins in August and this is accompanied by corresponding fall in the thyroid 131I uptake. Alterations in thyroid cytoarchitecture during different months of the year are in accordance with the results obtained from radioiodine uptake studies. Fluctuations in thyroid functions during gonadal regression, recrudescence and peak gonadal activity are discussed in the present communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028328"}
{"pmid": "1028325", "title": "Estimation of the Ca2+ binding by microsomal membranes from pig coronary artery using a calcium ion selective electrode.", "content": "Estimation of the Ca2+ binding by microsomal membranes from pig coronary artery using a calcium ion selective electrode. To estimate the Ca2+ binding of microsomal membranes from pig coronary artery a modified potentiometric method was used. With this method it was possible to follow directly changes in the Ca2+ ion activity of the incubation medium down to 10(-8) moles. Compared with the Ca45-filter technique the electrometrically measuring device built up was beside the obvious advantages of a directly indicating method more fast, simple and hightly sensitive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028325"}
{"pmid": "1028329", "title": "Folding crystallization of DNA. Circular dichroism studies.", "content": "Folding crystallization of DNA. Circular dichroism studies. CD spectra of DNA monocrystals are extremely different from spectra of psi-DNA or DNA-histone H1 or DNA-polylysine complexes. They are discussed to be dependent on the supramolecular organization of DNA in the condensed form, and they are not in contradiction to the previously proposed seven folding model of DNA in chromatin. Conclusions are drawn with regard to the interpretation of chromatin CD spectra.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028329"}
{"pmid": "1028333", "title": "ENG and the cervical syndrome. Neck torsion nystagmus.", "content": "ENG and the cervical syndrome. Neck torsion nystagmus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028333"}
{"pmid": "1028347", "title": "Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis in the orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus).", "content": "Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis in the orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus). A 19-years-old male Orang-Utan had a brief illness of two weeks with marked dyspnoea. Necropsy revealed diffuse bilateral pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis. This is the first account of this pathoanatomical entity in lower primates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028347"}
{"pmid": "1028348", "title": "A review of the diets of captive gorillas (Gorilla gorilla).", "content": "A review of the diets of captive gorillas (Gorilla gorilla). It is clear that most zoos feed their gorillas a principally frugivorous diet, while the diets of wild gorilla populations are undoubtedly basically herbivorous. The primary food plant of western and eastern lowland gorillas is Aframomum, and Blancou (1955) even maintains that these plants possess active parasiticidal qualities, but this subscription is not borne out by recent research. However, it is possible that another plant food, combretum, could have some propensities as a deparasitant. Many captive gorillas accept cooked or raw meat in their diets and there is some evidence that feral gorillas may also occasionally consume matter of animal origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028348"}
{"pmid": "1028349", "title": "Pharmacy practice and pharmaceutical education in the People's Republic of China.", "content": "Pharmacy practice and pharmaceutical education in the People's Republic of China.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028349"}
{"pmid": "1028351", "title": "Pharmacy students revisited as pharmacists.", "content": "Pharmacy students revisited as pharmacists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028351"}
{"pmid": "1028350", "title": "Linking career choice to personality types: a preliminary analysis of pharmacy students.", "content": "Linking career choice to personality types: a preliminary analysis of pharmacy students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028350"}
{"pmid": "1028353", "title": "Adaptation of Flanders' interaction analysis to assist in developing communication skills in final-year pharmacy students.", "content": "Adaptation of Flanders' interaction analysis to assist in developing communication skills in final-year pharmacy students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028353"}
{"pmid": "1028352", "title": "A learning hierarchy for a course in drug analysis.", "content": "A learning hierarchy for a course in drug analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028352"}
{"pmid": "1028354", "title": "Evaluation of a continuing education course for temporarily nonpracticing pharmacists.", "content": "Evaluation of a continuing education course for temporarily nonpracticing pharmacists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028354"}
{"pmid": "1028355", "title": "Demographic study of the relationship of continuing pharmaceutical education to selected attitudinal- and competence-related criteria.", "content": "Demographic study of the relationship of continuing pharmaceutical education to selected attitudinal- and competence-related criteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028355"}
{"pmid": "1028358", "title": "A theoretical model for faculty \"peer\" evaluation.", "content": "A theoretical model for faculty \"peer\" evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028358"}
{"pmid": "1028359", "title": "A perspective on relevance in pharmaceutical education.", "content": "A perspective on relevance in pharmaceutical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028359"}
{"pmid": "1028360", "title": "Continuing education as a life-long process.", "content": "Continuing education as a life-long process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028360"}
{"pmid": "1028361", "title": "Lessons for pharmacy: observations and continuing education experiences on a state examining board for nursing home administrators.", "content": "Lessons for pharmacy: observations and continuing education experiences on a state examining board for nursing home administrators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028361"}
{"pmid": "1028379", "title": "The effects in the rabbit, of hepatic coccidiosis on the digestibility of fat and energy.", "content": "The effects in the rabbit, of hepatic coccidiosis on the digestibility of fat and energy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028379"}
{"pmid": "1028380", "title": "Swine fever: influence of passive immunity on pig immune response following vaccination with a live virus vaccine (Thiverval strain).", "content": "Swine fever: influence of passive immunity on pig immune response following vaccination with a live virus vaccine (Thiverval strain). The influence of passive immunity on the immune response to swine fever virus (S.F.V.) was investigated in pigs injected with variable amounts of S.F.V. antibodies instead of piglets from immune sows. The passive immunity suppresses the primary serum antibody response normally observed after vaccination with the Thiverval strain of S.F.V. This inhibition is either partial or complete depending on the amount of injected antibodies. Whatsoever the passive immunity intensity, a priming occurred (even in absence of any detectable primary response). This priming was evidenced by the clinical signs and the type of immune response following a virulent challenge. Two vaccination routes were tested: intramuscular and intranasal: 48 pigs were checked and no significant differences established, concerning protective efficiency. Intranasal vaccination induced local antibody production in pharyngeal secretions. Even in the absence of any detectable immunoglobulin transudation from serum to these secretions, local antibody synthesis was completely inhibited in passively immunized animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028380"}
{"pmid": "1028378", "title": "Variations in some plasma metabolites from neoglucogenesis and ketogenesis in pregnant ewes in relation to diet.", "content": "Variations in some plasma metabolites from neoglucogenesis and ketogenesis in pregnant ewes in relation to diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028378"}
{"pmid": "1028395", "title": "Nonmetric multidimensional scaling without disparities and derivatives: a rankcorrelation-orientated approach through L1-approximation.", "content": "Nonmetric multidimensional scaling without disparities and derivatives: a rankcorrelation-orientated approach through L1-approximation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028395"}
{"pmid": "1028397", "title": "Spurious correlation, revisited: a new look at the quantitative outcomes of sampling heterogeneous groups and/or at the wrong time.", "content": "Spurious correlation, revisited: a new look at the quantitative outcomes of sampling heterogeneous groups and/or at the wrong time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028397"}
{"pmid": "1028400", "title": "Dilatation of azygos vein simulating mediastinal tumour.", "content": "Dilatation of azygos vein simulating mediastinal tumour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028400"}
{"pmid": "1028399", "title": "Hodgkin's disease: an evaluation of staging laparotomy in 82 patients.", "content": "Hodgkin's disease: an evaluation of staging laparotomy in 82 patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028399"}
{"pmid": "1028402", "title": "Ewing's tumour of rib.", "content": "Ewing's tumour of rib.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028402"}
{"pmid": "1028401", "title": "Pneumothorax as a complication of radiation therapy for primary lung cancer.", "content": "Pneumothorax as a complication of radiation therapy for primary lung cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028401"}
{"pmid": "1028403", "title": "A look at bone.", "content": "A look at bone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028403"}
{"pmid": "1028391", "title": "Uptake, accumulation and loss of 60Co in some species of mycobacteria.", "content": "Uptake, accumulation and loss of 60Co in some species of mycobacteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028391"}
{"pmid": "1028404", "title": "Liver studies with radioisotopes.", "content": "Liver studies with radioisotopes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028404"}
{"pmid": "1028406", "title": "Open University course on environmental control and public health.", "content": "Open University course on environmental control and public health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028406"}
{"pmid": "1028405", "title": "A radiochromatographic method for biliary contrast agent metabolites.", "content": "A radiochromatographic method for biliary contrast agent metabolites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028405"}
{"pmid": "1028407", "title": "The application of Steinbuch's \"Lernmatrix\" as a new mathematical approach in the assessment of air pollution effects.", "content": "The application of Steinbuch's \"Lernmatrix\" as a new mathematical approach in the assessment of air pollution effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028407"}
{"pmid": "1028408", "title": "Teletransmission of physiological data.", "content": "Teletransmission of physiological data. The routine procedure of EEG recording is recalled to show the advantages of telemetric assessment of this parameter. The procedure for EEG telemetry is shown under different circumstances, e.g., by transmission with the aid of the 'Community Antenna System' of a hospital. Finally, a 16-channel telemetry system, using pulse width modulation is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028408"}
{"pmid": "1028410", "title": "A 4-channel telemetry system for hospital patient monitoring.", "content": "A 4-channel telemetry system for hospital patient monitoring. A 4-channel radio telemetry system has been designed and implemented for use in the operating room on patients undergoing surgery. 30 such systems are in daily use throughout the Duke University Medical Cener. Relative simplicity, long battery life and a DC-response capability are the important features of these systems. The four physiological channels used are; electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, peripheral pulse, and arterial blood pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028410"}
{"pmid": "1028411", "title": "Violence in families: an overview.", "content": "Violence in families: an overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028411"}
{"pmid": "1028409", "title": "Calibration and measurement in 3-dimensional monitoring of human motion by optoelectronic means. II. Experimental results and discussion.", "content": "Calibration and measurement in 3-dimensional monitoring of human motion by optoelectronic means. II. Experimental results and discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028409"}
{"pmid": "1028412", "title": "Neurological factors in violent behavior (the dyscontrol syndrome).", "content": "Neurological factors in violent behavior (the dyscontrol syndrome).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028412"}
{"pmid": "1028413", "title": "Family violence and criminal behavior.", "content": "Family violence and criminal behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028413"}
{"pmid": "1028414", "title": "Psychodynamic aspects of violence.", "content": "Psychodynamic aspects of violence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028414"}
{"pmid": "1028415", "title": "Violence toward children: medicolegal aspects.", "content": "Violence toward children: medicolegal aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028415"}
{"pmid": "1028416", "title": "Symposium on violence in families: questions and answers.", "content": "Symposium on violence in families: questions and answers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028416"}
{"pmid": "1028420", "title": "Regression as a way of coping with a life-threatening disease.", "content": "Regression as a way of coping with a life-threatening disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028420"}
{"pmid": "1028418", "title": "Juvenile court system. The devil's advocate.", "content": "Juvenile court system. The devil's advocate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028418"}
{"pmid": "1028419", "title": "Pastoral care of the physician.", "content": "Pastoral care of the physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028419"}
{"pmid": "1028417", "title": "Folie à deux in the parents of psychosocial dwarfs: two cases.", "content": "Folie à deux in the parents of psychosocial dwarfs: two cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028417"}
{"pmid": "1028421", "title": "Inside the God squad: a panel on the value of staff diversity.", "content": "Inside the God squad: a panel on the value of staff diversity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028421"}
{"pmid": "1028424", "title": "Ministry in the emergency room.", "content": "Ministry in the emergency room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028424"}
{"pmid": "1028422", "title": "An oncology self help group.", "content": "An oncology self help group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028422"}
{"pmid": "1028423", "title": "The integrity of religious professionals and their style in health care.", "content": "The integrity of religious professionals and their style in health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028423"}
{"pmid": "1028425", "title": "Ministry to the extended care facility: utilization of seminarian, clergy and laity.", "content": "Ministry to the extended care facility: utilization of seminarian, clergy and laity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028425"}
{"pmid": "1028426", "title": "The role of significant others in the pathology and treatment of older adults.", "content": "The role of significant others in the pathology and treatment of older adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028426"}
{"pmid": "1028427", "title": "Assisting student nurses understand and relate to patients with various religious and spiritual needs.", "content": "Assisting student nurses understand and relate to patients with various religious and spiritual needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028427"}
{"pmid": "1028428", "title": "\"Continuing education and self-improvement\".", "content": "\"Continuing education and self-improvement\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028428"}
{"pmid": "1028429", "title": "Body talk: teaching non-verbal awareness to staff and students in a general hospital.", "content": "Body talk: teaching non-verbal awareness to staff and students in a general hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028429"}
{"pmid": "1028430", "title": "Pastoral performance in peer review: a model for evaluation and education.", "content": "Pastoral performance in peer review: a model for evaluation and education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028430"}
{"pmid": "1028432", "title": "Spiritual healing phenomena: implications for pastoral care and counseling.", "content": "Spiritual healing phenomena: implications for pastoral care and counseling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028432"}
{"pmid": "1028433", "title": "Establishing a grief center.", "content": "Establishing a grief center.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028433"}
{"pmid": "1028434", "title": "Local clergy as hospital chaplains--a model for community building.", "content": "Local clergy as hospital chaplains--a model for community building.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028434"}
{"pmid": "1028436", "title": "\"It's not all in their heads\".", "content": "\"It's not all in their heads\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028436"}
{"pmid": "1028435", "title": "\"Recruitment, training and use of volunteer clergy for crisis ministry in the hospital.\".", "content": "\"Recruitment, training and use of volunteer clergy for crisis ministry in the hospital.\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028435"}
{"pmid": "1028437", "title": "The laity: to visit or not to visit.", "content": "The laity: to visit or not to visit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028437"}
{"pmid": "1028440", "title": "Moral and ethical implications of positive and negative euthanasia.", "content": "Moral and ethical implications of positive and negative euthanasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028440"}
{"pmid": "1028438", "title": "The role of the chaplain in the emergency medical system (paramedics) or What's missing in T.V.'s \"Emergency!\".", "content": "The role of the chaplain in the emergency medical system (paramedics) or What's missing in T.V.'s \"Emergency!\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028438"}
{"pmid": "1028439", "title": "A multi-faceted program of pastoral care to terminally ill children.", "content": "A multi-faceted program of pastoral care to terminally ill children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028439"}
{"pmid": "1028441", "title": "Religious faith and pastoral care in the crisis of hospitalization.", "content": "Religious faith and pastoral care in the crisis of hospitalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028441"}
{"pmid": "1028454", "title": "The missing link in health services: communicating with the public.", "content": "The missing link in health services: communicating with the public.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028454"}
{"pmid": "1028456", "title": "ACP's Latin influence.", "content": "ACP's Latin influence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028456"}
{"pmid": "1028457", "title": "A profile of internists: the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey.", "content": "A profile of internists: the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028457"}
{"pmid": "1028455", "title": "Training more primary care internists. The Federated Council for Internal Medicine: a policy statement.", "content": "Training more primary care internists. The Federated Council for Internal Medicine: a policy statement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028455"}
{"pmid": "1028459", "title": "Internal medicine - will its identity be lost or reinforced?", "content": "Internal medicine - will its identity be lost or reinforced?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028459"}
{"pmid": "1028458", "title": "Viewpoint: the President's page. New specialty boards.", "content": "Viewpoint: the President's page. New specialty boards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028458"}
{"pmid": "1028460", "title": "Viewpoint: The President's page. Increasing costs of medical care.", "content": "Viewpoint: The President's page. Increasing costs of medical care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028460"}
{"pmid": "1028461", "title": "The FDA and the internist.", "content": "The FDA and the internist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028461"}
{"pmid": "1028462", "title": "ACP self-learning series distribution begins.", "content": "ACP self-learning series distribution begins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028462"}
{"pmid": "1028463", "title": "Viewpoint. The President's page. Training position in internal medicine.", "content": "Viewpoint. The President's page. Training position in internal medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028463"}
{"pmid": "1028464", "title": "Executive Vice President's rounds. Internal medicine residencies.", "content": "Executive Vice President's rounds. Internal medicine residencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028464"}
{"pmid": "1028465", "title": "Introducing ACP's MKSAP IV--a prestigious CME program.", "content": "Introducing ACP's MKSAP IV--a prestigious CME program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028465"}
{"pmid": "1028466", "title": "Communicating with the public: a physician's responsibility.", "content": "Communicating with the public: a physician's responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028466"}
{"pmid": "1028467", "title": "Investing in the future of internal medicine.", "content": "Investing in the future of internal medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028467"}
{"pmid": "1028469", "title": "Definition of surgical microbiologic clean air.", "content": "Definition of surgical microbiologic clean air.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028469"}
{"pmid": "1028471", "title": "Effects of withholding elective operations on surgical utilization rates.", "content": "Effects of withholding elective operations on surgical utilization rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028471"}
{"pmid": "1028473", "title": "The itinerant resident.", "content": "The itinerant resident.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028473"}
{"pmid": "1028472", "title": "Will the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission control specialty boards?", "content": "Will the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission control specialty boards?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028472"}
{"pmid": "1028476", "title": "Three reports to the Fellows--presented during the Annual Meeting of Fellows, October 14, 1976, Chicago. Report from the Director of the American College of Surgeons.", "content": "Three reports to the Fellows--presented during the Annual Meeting of Fellows, October 14, 1976, Chicago. Report from the Director of the American College of Surgeons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028476"}
{"pmid": "1028475", "title": "Three reports to the Fellows--presented during the Annual Meeting of Fellows, October 14, 1976, Chicago. Report from the Chairman of the Board of Governors.", "content": "Three reports to the Fellows--presented during the Annual Meeting of Fellows, October 14, 1976, Chicago. Report from the Chairman of the Board of Governors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028475"}
{"pmid": "1028478", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Neurological Surgery.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Neurological Surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028478"}
{"pmid": "1028474", "title": "The reports to the Fellows--presented during the Annual Meeting of Fellows, October 14, 1976, Chicago. Report from the Chairman of the Board of Regents.", "content": "The reports to the Fellows--presented during the Annual Meeting of Fellows, October 14, 1976, Chicago. Report from the Chairman of the Board of Regents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028474"}
{"pmid": "1028479", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Plastic Surgery.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Plastic Surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028479"}
{"pmid": "1028477", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028477"}
{"pmid": "1028480", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Surgery.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028480"}
{"pmid": "1028481", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Thoracic Surgery.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Thoracic Surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028481"}
{"pmid": "1028482", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Gynecology and Obstetrics.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Gynecology and Obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028482"}
{"pmid": "1028485", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Urology.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Urology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028485"}
{"pmid": "1028483", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Otolaryngology.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Otolaryngology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028483"}
{"pmid": "1028484", "title": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery.", "content": "1976 reports from nine American surgical specialty boards to the Board of Regents of the American College of Surgeons. Presented at the meeting of the Board of Regents, October 10, 1976, in Chicago, Illinois. Report of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028484"}
{"pmid": "1028487", "title": "Public policy and the paradoxes of plenty.", "content": "Public policy and the paradoxes of plenty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028487"}
{"pmid": "1028486", "title": "Professional liability--closed claims study.", "content": "Professional liability--closed claims study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028486"}
{"pmid": "1028488", "title": "The influence of the manpower study of SOSSUS on graduate education in surgery. The Symposium on Graduate Education from the 1975 Clinical Congress: residency review committee report.", "content": "The influence of the manpower study of SOSSUS on graduate education in surgery. The Symposium on Graduate Education from the 1975 Clinical Congress: residency review committee report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028488"}
{"pmid": "1028489", "title": "The influence of the manpower study of SOSSUS on graduate education in surgery. The Symposium on Graduate Education from the 1975 Clinical Congress: current and proposed changes for the foreign medical graduates' entry into the programs (the CCME report).", "content": "The influence of the manpower study of SOSSUS on graduate education in surgery. The Symposium on Graduate Education from the 1975 Clinical Congress: current and proposed changes for the foreign medical graduates' entry into the programs (the CCME report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028489"}
{"pmid": "1028490", "title": "The influence of the manpower study of SOSSUS on graduate education in surgery. The Symposium on Graduate Education from the 1975 Clinical Congress: overview: in what direction does all surgery need to go?", "content": "The influence of the manpower study of SOSSUS on graduate education in surgery. The Symposium on Graduate Education from the 1975 Clinical Congress: overview: in what direction does all surgery need to go?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028490"}
{"pmid": "1028491", "title": "Surgery--necessary?", "content": "Surgery--necessary?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028491"}
{"pmid": "1028492", "title": "A letter to my sons.", "content": "A letter to my sons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028492"}
{"pmid": "1028493", "title": "The foreign medical graduate in American surgery.", "content": "The foreign medical graduate in American surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028493"}
{"pmid": "1028494", "title": "Surgery in Australia.", "content": "Surgery in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028494"}
{"pmid": "1028495", "title": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: influence of career choices on undergraduate surgical education.", "content": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: influence of career choices on undergraduate surgical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028495"}
{"pmid": "1028497", "title": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: effect on recruitment to surgery.", "content": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: effect on recruitment to surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028497"}
{"pmid": "1028496", "title": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: career selection.", "content": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: career selection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028496"}
{"pmid": "1028501", "title": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop II. Continuing education for young surgeons.", "content": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop II. Continuing education for young surgeons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028501"}
{"pmid": "1028498", "title": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: effects on recruitment to surgical specialties.", "content": "The influence of recent changes in graduate medical education on undergraduate surgical education: effects on recruitment to surgical specialties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028498"}
{"pmid": "1028499", "title": "The federal government and the surgical profession.", "content": "The federal government and the surgical profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028499"}
{"pmid": "1028500", "title": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop I. Manpower and allied health services.", "content": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop I. Manpower and allied health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028500"}
{"pmid": "1028503", "title": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop IV. Professional liability.", "content": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop IV. Professional liability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028503"}
{"pmid": "1028502", "title": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop III. County, state, and specialty society disciplinary processes for surgeons.", "content": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop III. County, state, and specialty society disciplinary processes for surgeons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028502"}
{"pmid": "1028504", "title": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop V. Emergency medical services in the United States.", "content": "March 1976 Meeting of Young Surgeons. Workshop V. Emergency medical services in the United States.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028504"}
{"pmid": "1028505", "title": "Director's memo. Continuing education.", "content": "Director's memo. Continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028505"}
{"pmid": "1028506", "title": "Use of items from SESAP No. 1 as a teaching aid in postgraduate medical education.", "content": "Use of items from SESAP No. 1 as a teaching aid in postgraduate medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028506"}
{"pmid": "1028507", "title": "Optimal hospital resources for care of the seriously injured.", "content": "Optimal hospital resources for care of the seriously injured.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028507"}
{"pmid": "1028508", "title": "Primary care--the surgeon's role.", "content": "Primary care--the surgeon's role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028508"}
{"pmid": "1028509", "title": "Misconceptions on surgical residency positions.", "content": "Misconceptions on surgical residency positions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028509"}
{"pmid": "1028510", "title": "The distribution of load through the knee joint and its possible significance to the observed patterns of articular cartilage breakdown.", "content": "The distribution of load through the knee joint and its possible significance to the observed patterns of articular cartilage breakdown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028510"}
{"pmid": "1028511", "title": "An introduction to the biomechanics and biomaterials of bone, joints, and implants.", "content": "An introduction to the biomechanics and biomaterials of bone, joints, and implants. Biomechanics and biomaterials of bone, joints, and implants has been presented in an overview manner with the use of selected examples. The musculoskeletal system is a living, dynamic entity that is constructed so that changes in mechanics, if the body does not have time to compensate, can lead to major problems over a period of time. The mechanics of the tissues ensure a smoothly operating system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028511"}
{"pmid": "1028512", "title": "Differential bone scanning.", "content": "Differential bone scanning. This is a preliminary report of eleven patients with painful total joint arthroplasties. In their evaluation the difficulty in the differential diagnosis between the loose and the infected total joint becomes apparent. We have found the use of differential bone scans an accurate method to identify the infected total joint. Further study along these lines is indicated with a larger series and generalization to other types of implants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028512"}
{"pmid": "1028515", "title": "Naviculectomy for congenital vertical talus.", "content": "Naviculectomy for congenital vertical talus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028515"}
{"pmid": "1028516", "title": "Cryptogenic infraclavicular brachial plexus neuritis: (preliminary report).", "content": "Cryptogenic infraclavicular brachial plexus neuritis: (preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028516"}
{"pmid": "1028514", "title": "Hemangioma of the extensor pollicis longus: a case history.", "content": "Hemangioma of the extensor pollicis longus: a case history.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028514"}
{"pmid": "1028513", "title": "Irreduceable metacarpophalangeal dislocations.", "content": "Irreduceable metacarpophalangeal dislocations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028513"}
{"pmid": "1028537", "title": "An evaluation of the effectiveness of parent involvement in a day care program.", "content": "An evaluation of the effectiveness of parent involvement in a day care program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028537"}
{"pmid": "1028538", "title": "Learning disability as a predisposing cause of criminality.", "content": "Learning disability as a predisposing cause of criminality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028538"}
{"pmid": "1028539", "title": "The abusive parent: a different perspective.", "content": "The abusive parent: a different perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028539"}
{"pmid": "1028540", "title": "Sixty thousand children: the process of establishing a mental health program in a school community.", "content": "Sixty thousand children: the process of establishing a mental health program in a school community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028540"}
{"pmid": "1028541", "title": "Project Toddler: \"10,000 miles to go\".", "content": "Project Toddler: \"10,000 miles to go\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028541"}
{"pmid": "1028542", "title": "Assessing standards in children's mental health: a progress report.", "content": "Assessing standards in children's mental health: a progress report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028542"}
{"pmid": "1028544", "title": "Shared engineering.", "content": "Shared engineering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028544"}
{"pmid": "1028545", "title": "Rehabilitation engineering at Rancho Los Amigos Hospital.", "content": "Rehabilitation engineering at Rancho Los Amigos Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028545"}
{"pmid": "1028543", "title": "Role of the Electrical Safety Committee.", "content": "Role of the Electrical Safety Committee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028543"}
{"pmid": "1028546", "title": "Hospital technical services and electrical safety.", "content": "Hospital technical services and electrical safety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028546"}
{"pmid": "1028547", "title": "Circuits for testing the external demand pacemaker.", "content": "Circuits for testing the external demand pacemaker.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028547"}
{"pmid": "1028548", "title": "Giant aneurysms of the posterior fossa presenting as space occupying lesions.", "content": "Giant aneurysms of the posterior fossa presenting as space occupying lesions. In relation to the case history of a patient, who was observed at the Ursula Clinic, Wassenaar, Holland, a survey from the literature is given of 47 cases of giant aneurysms of the posterior fossa, which primarily presented as space occupying lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028548"}
{"pmid": "1028549", "title": "Carotid ligation for carotid aneurysms.", "content": "Carotid ligation for carotid aneurysms. Thirty patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage due to rupture of a carotid aneurysm were treated by ligation of the common carotid artery. Two patients died as a result of the procedure, two patients developed persisting hemisphere deficit. Eight of the ten patients who developed cerebral ischemia after the operation were operated within ten days after the bleeding. At present out aim is to guide the patient safely through the first ten days after his haemorrhage and perform ligation at the end of the second week. After a follow up period of 1-8 years recurrent haemorrhage did not occur. Common carotid ligation, preferably with control of carotid artery end pressure, cerebral blood-flow and EEG is considered to be a valuable method to treat ruptured intracranial carotid aneurysm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028549"}
{"pmid": "1028551", "title": "Bilateral acute spontaneous subdural hematoma. A case report.", "content": "Bilateral acute spontaneous subdural hematoma. A case report. A patient is described, with a history of sudden headache and vomiting, without major neurological deficit. There was no history of trauma. The cause turned out to be an acute spontaneous bilateral subdural hematoma. Comparable cases in literature and the etiological possibilities are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028551"}
{"pmid": "1028550", "title": "Complications of the chronic subdural hematoma.", "content": "Complications of the chronic subdural hematoma. Eighty three chronic subdural hematomas, obtained by surgery or by necropsy, were examinated. The patient age distribution curve of the non-complicated operative cases showed the highest incidence in the first year of life and also a moderate increase in the elderly group. Recurrent hemorrhage in the walls and in the cavity, was observed in twenty of the seventy three non-complicated cases of chronic subdural hematoma. In five cases the membranes and the subdural sac were invaded by leucemic cells and in the five remaining ones the hematoma was transformed in a subdural empyema. All these complicated subdural hematomas showed evidence of recurrent bleeding, suggesting that the leucemic cells or the infectious agent had spread to the subdural space by this way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028550"}
{"pmid": "1028553", "title": "Intracranial tuberculomas.", "content": "Intracranial tuberculomas. In this paper the clinical findings, operation results and histological diagnosis of eight patients with intracranial tuberculomas are described, which were admitted to the Neurosurgical Clinic of Ankara University, Faculty of Medicine, during the years 1967-1975, among the 1,015 histologically verified intracranial tumours. Our impression by reviewing previous papers on this matter is, that although tuberculomas are not so frequently seen as before, they still count as a certain percentage in Turkey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028553"}
{"pmid": "1028552", "title": "Cerebral bacterial aneurysms in subacute bacterial endocarditis.", "content": "Cerebral bacterial aneurysms in subacute bacterial endocarditis. Bacterial aneurysms are aneurysms which develop on a vascular wall weakened as a result of a bacterial infection. They can develop anywhere. This paper describes a female patient with subacute bacterial endocarditis and multiple cerebral aneurysms. Conservative treatment followed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028552"}
{"pmid": "1028555", "title": "Isofiltration capillary pressure and compartmental vascular resistances following elevation of venous pressure in subcutaneous tissue.", "content": "Isofiltration capillary pressure and compartmental vascular resistances following elevation of venous pressure in subcutaneous tissue. Isofiltration technique was used to measure the functional capillary pressure in 10 canine hindpaw (mainly subcutaneous tissue) preparations. With simultaneous determinations of arterial pressure, blood flow and venous pressure, the changes in total, precapillary and postcapillary resistances were assessed at different levels of venous pressure. When the tibial arterial pressure was 100 mm Hg. at an initial venous pressure of 5 mm Hg, the isofiltration capillary pressure averaged 12.8 mm Hg, the ratio of pre-to post-capillary resistance 9.9. The precapillary resistance accounted for 90.8% of the total vascular resistance. The isofiltration capillary pressures were 24.9 and 38.0 mm Hg, respectively when venous pressure was elevated to 20 and 35 mm Hg. Capillary pressure (Pc) was approximately related to venous pressure (Pv) by: Pc=0.82Pvm8. Upon elevation of venous pressure, the total and precapillary resistances were not significantly altered. The paw resistance vessels possess neither myogenic nor metabolic autoregulation. With increasing venous pressure, presumably due to passive distension of venules, the postcapillary resistance fell and the ratio of pre-to post-capillary resistance increased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028555"}
{"pmid": "1028554", "title": "Estrogen therapy: the dangerous road to Shangri-La.", "content": "Estrogen therapy: the dangerous road to Shangri-La. The use of estrogens almost tripled during the 1965-75 period, with usage concentrated as a cure-all for aging, for the degenerative diseases associated with aging, and for the emotional difficulties of middle age.  3 separate studies published in the last year have shown a high level of association between estrogen use and the development of endometrial cancer.  Results of these studies coupled with the significant recent increase in the incidence of cancer in women over 50 who are in the high socioeconomic groups--the groups most likely to use estrogen therapy--emphasize the association.  The U.S. FDA has proposed a modification in the labeling for estrogens, and a package insert for patients which would warn of possible hazards of estrogen therapy.  It is recommended that estrogen be used only for vasomotor symptoms and vaginal atrophy.  The lowest possible effective dosage should be used and for the shortest possible amount of time.  Earlier studies had suggested that estrogen replacement therapy might protect against breast cancer; most recent studies suggest the opposite.  In addition, estrogen may trigger high blood pressure and increase some blood clotting.  Women with high blood pressure or a family history of early heart attacks are contraindicated from using estrogen therapy.  Even for the treatment of osteoporosis, there may be safer alternative therapies.  Women are cautioned as to their own responsibilities when taking estrogens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028554"}
{"pmid": "1028556", "title": "A scintiphotographic study of pulmonary edema and hemorrhage induced by cerebral compression and norepinephrine.", "content": "A scintiphotographic study of pulmonary edema and hemorrhage induced by cerebral compression and norepinephrine. Pulmonary edema and hemorrhage (PEH) was induced in rats by cerebral compression and intraveneous norepinephrine. We used scintiphotographic method to demonstrate the blood volume change in the lung subsequent to the hemodynamic events that cause PEH. A specific isotope, Indium-113m, was chosen for this purpose. The isotope forms large molecular, complex with plasma transferrin (molecular weight of roughly 90,000). It is evenly distributed inside the intravascular space. Normally, the lung showed little radioactivity. After cerebral compression or intravenous norepinephrine, a marked increase in radioactivity of the lung was evident. This indicates an accumulation of blood volume in that area. All the animals developed severe PEH which was proved postmortemly. Findings of the present as well as the previous studies agree with each other and indicate that either cerebral compression or norephinephrine elicits generalized systemic vasoconstriction, causing a shift of large amount of blood into the lung. The hemodynamic changes finally result in pulmonary hypertension and subsequent PEH. The scintiphostographic method may be employed as diagnostic tool when a hypervolemic lung change is suspected. Further quantitative analysis is to be accomplished for a prospective clinical application.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028556"}
{"pmid": "1028562", "title": "Organ donations by incompetents and the substituted judgment doctrine.", "content": "Organ donations by incompetents and the substituted judgment doctrine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028562"}
{"pmid": "1028563", "title": "Liability for failure of birth control methods.", "content": "Liability for failure of birth control methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028563"}
{"pmid": "1028564", "title": "Rural ambulance service in West Virginia.", "content": "Rural ambulance service in West Virginia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028564"}
{"pmid": "1028570", "title": "The EMT as first therapist of the sexual assault victim.", "content": "The EMT as first therapist of the sexual assault victim.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028570"}
{"pmid": "1028568", "title": "Legal barriers to EMS systemization: federal.", "content": "Legal barriers to EMS systemization: federal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028568"}
{"pmid": "1028567", "title": "First forum debate: It is necessary for physicians to teach basic EMT courses.", "content": "First forum debate: It is necessary for physicians to teach basic EMT courses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028567"}
{"pmid": "1028573", "title": "Paramedics.", "content": "Paramedics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028573"}
{"pmid": "1028565", "title": "Videotaped guide to staging a basic level EMT practical examination.", "content": "Videotaped guide to staging a basic level EMT practical examination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028565"}
{"pmid": "1028572", "title": "Equipment: Federal Specification, Ambulance KKK-A-1822.", "content": "Equipment: Federal Specification, Ambulance KKK-A-1822.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028572"}
{"pmid": "1028566", "title": "Spinal cord injury: emergency management.", "content": "Spinal cord injury: emergency management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028566"}
{"pmid": "1028569", "title": "Learning styles of EMT's.", "content": "Learning styles of EMT's.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028569"}
{"pmid": "1028571", "title": "Monitoring equipment.", "content": "Monitoring equipment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028571"}
{"pmid": "1028574", "title": "Communication.", "content": "Communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028574"}
{"pmid": "1028575", "title": "Nursing.", "content": "Nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028575"}
{"pmid": "1028599", "title": "State organizations for human services.", "content": "State organizations for human services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028599"}
{"pmid": "1028601", "title": "The Mega-Proposal.", "content": "The Mega-Proposal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028601"}
{"pmid": "1028600", "title": "Inside DOPE The custom research databank in the analysis and transfer of information.", "content": "Inside DOPE The custom research databank in the analysis and transfer of information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028600"}
{"pmid": "1028602", "title": "Is services integration dangerous to your mental health?", "content": "Is services integration dangerous to your mental health?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028602"}
{"pmid": "1028603", "title": "A system approach to human services integration.", "content": "A system approach to human services integration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028603"}
{"pmid": "1028604", "title": "Two views on services integration: Bertram S. Brown and Reubin Askew, by Susan Salasin.", "content": "Two views on services integration: Bertram S. Brown and Reubin Askew, by Susan Salasin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028604"}
{"pmid": "1028605", "title": "Two views on services integration: Bertram S. Brown and Reubin Askew, by Susan Salasin.", "content": "Two views on services integration: Bertram S. Brown and Reubin Askew, by Susan Salasin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028605"}
{"pmid": "1028606", "title": "Rural community mental health center uses decision-making model.", "content": "Rural community mental health center uses decision-making model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028606"}
{"pmid": "1028607", "title": "Women's utilization of mental health services studied.", "content": "Women's utilization of mental health services studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028607"}
{"pmid": "1028608", "title": "Income patterns tied to mental health treatment.", "content": "Income patterns tied to mental health treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028608"}
{"pmid": "1028614", "title": "Goal consistency: a prerequisite to evaluation of halfway houses.", "content": "Goal consistency: a prerequisite to evaluation of halfway houses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028614"}
{"pmid": "1028611", "title": "Anti-suicide program conducts controlled study.", "content": "Anti-suicide program conducts controlled study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028611"}
{"pmid": "1028610", "title": "Evaluating children's mental health services.", "content": "Evaluating children's mental health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028610"}
{"pmid": "1028612", "title": "The mental health consultant role in program research.", "content": "The mental health consultant role in program research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028612"}
{"pmid": "1028617", "title": "HEW capacity-building (federal, state, and local)--policy statement issued march 20, 1975--.", "content": "HEW capacity-building (federal, state, and local)--policy statement issued march 20, 1975--.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028617"}
{"pmid": "1028613", "title": "Establishing a model data system.", "content": "Establishing a model data system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028613"}
{"pmid": "1028615", "title": "Training evaluators at the masters level: an experimental program.", "content": "Training evaluators at the masters level: an experimental program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028615"}
{"pmid": "1028616", "title": "Services integration and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.", "content": "Services integration and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028616"}
{"pmid": "1028618", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028618"}
{"pmid": "1028620", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028620"}
{"pmid": "1028619", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028619"}
{"pmid": "1028621", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028621"}
{"pmid": "1028623", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028623"}
{"pmid": "1028624", "title": "\"Deinstitutionalization,\" a public policy fashion.", "content": "\"Deinstitutionalization,\" a public policy fashion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028624"}
{"pmid": "1028625", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. Teaching public policy.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. Teaching public policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028625"}
{"pmid": "1028626", "title": "Student views of human services delivery in Florida.", "content": "Student views of human services delivery in Florida.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028626"}
{"pmid": "1028627", "title": "Student views of human services delivery to Florida.", "content": "Student views of human services delivery to Florida.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028627"}
{"pmid": "1028628", "title": "Evaluation in a Community Mental Health Center: Hillsborough CMHC, Tampa, Florida.", "content": "Evaluation in a Community Mental Health Center: Hillsborough CMHC, Tampa, Florida.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028628"}
{"pmid": "1028629", "title": "Developing optimum drug regimens.", "content": "Developing optimum drug regimens. In clinical pharmacological trials the determination of the optimum regimen for a drug using the technique of response surface analysis is proposed as being more advantageous than traditional analyses of dose response relationships. Major considerations in favour of this technique are that the optimum regimem can be identified with a minimum of human experimentation, and unacceptable regimens are eliminated from the study early, at a substantial saving of time and money.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028629"}
{"pmid": "1028630", "title": "Three years of bacteriological monitoring in the Department of Paediatric Surgery.", "content": "Three years of bacteriological monitoring in the Department of Paediatric Surgery. The results of three years of bacteriological monitoring in the Department of Paediatric Surgery at the Ospedale Maggiore Ca'Granda in Milan are reported. The tests carried out involved the patients (faeces, urine, and pus cultures), the environment (operating theatre, incubators), and healthy carriers (upper respiratory tract of nursing and paramedical staff). The aetiopathogenesis of the post-operative infectious complications that occurred in 1974-1975 was investigated with the aid of surveys of the causative pathogens, the type of the surgical interventions, the atmospheric pollution in the operating theatre (mean indicative values), the number of operations per month, and the frequency of positive findings among the carriers. As a parallel investigation, between 1971 and the time of writing of this report the authors monitored the resistance to gentamicin of bacteria belonging to the family Pseudomonadaceae isolated from patients, in view of the constant threat posed by the vicinity of the burns department.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028630"}
{"pmid": "1028631", "title": "Polyacrylic bone cement containing erythromycin and colistin. I. In vitro bacteriological activity and diffusion properties of erythromycin, colistin and erythromycin/colistin comibination.", "content": "Polyacrylic bone cement containing erythromycin and colistin. I. In vitro bacteriological activity and diffusion properties of erythromycin, colistin and erythromycin/colistin comibination. Erythromycin and colistin demonstrate a non-antagonistic ability to inhibit the growth of a wide variety of aerobic and anaerobic bacterial isolates. When incorporated in Surgical Simplex P Radiopaque Bone Cement, fabricated cement pellets were effective in inhibiting 98% of all anaerobic and aerobic test isolates. Separate experiments indicate that each antibiotic can diffuse from polymerized cement, and that the concentration of each antibiotic is consistently above the minimum inhibitory concentration of 96% of the isolates. We conclude that erythromycin/colistin Surgical Simplex P radiopaque Bone Cement is a worthy candidate for clinical investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028631"}
{"pmid": "1028622", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. Response to a public policy process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028622"}
{"pmid": "1028632", "title": "Short-term and long-term clinical evaluation of a non-amphetaminic anorexiant (mazindol) in the treatment of obesity.", "content": "Short-term and long-term clinical evaluation of a non-amphetaminic anorexiant (mazindol) in the treatment of obesity. The effectiveness and tolerance of a non-amphetaminic anorexiant drug has been evaluated in a short-term and in a long-term clinical trial in simple obesity and in refractory obesity. In the short-term 'crossover' trial, a more evident effectiveness and tolerance result when the anorexiant is given in a late phase of treatment. The association of an anorexiant drug with the hypocaloric diet was seen to be effective in the treatment of so-called refractory obesity. In the evaluation of the long-term treatment it is seen that weight loss is greater and remains so farr longer periods in patients receiving anorexiant, as compared to controls. This is related to a better maintenance of a restricted calorie regimen. Mazindol did not affect the improvement of glucose tolerance and insulin secretion which follows the weight reduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028632"}
{"pmid": "1028633", "title": "An evaluation of a once daily dosage régime of dothiepin hydrochloride (prothiaden).", "content": "An evaluation of a once daily dosage régime of dothiepin hydrochloride (prothiaden). This paper reports on the use of a single daily dose of dothiepin hydrochloride (Prothiaden). The results from a metabolism study using [14C] dothiepin were used to calculate the daily variations in blood levels after once daily and thrice daily dose regimes. A clinical study on the use of a single daily dose of 75 mg of dothiepin showed this type of regime to be well tolerated and efficacious in the treatment of 105 depressed patients in general practice. Compared to a thrice daily regime the once daily dose appeared to be more beneficial on symptomatic insomnia during the early treatment period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028633"}
{"pmid": "1028635", "title": "A study of once daily tenormin (atenolol) in hypertension: some implications in patient compliance.", "content": "A study of once daily tenormin (atenolol) in hypertension: some implications in patient compliance. A clinical study is described in which hypertensive patients on no drug therapy were given atenolol in increasing doses from 50 mg twice daily to 200 mg twice daily until the diastolic blood pressure was 90 mm Hg or below. At this stage the drug was withdrawn until blood pressure readings had risen to pre-treatment levels. The same dose of atenolol was then re-introduced but now given once-a-day (in the morning) and was continued for four weeks. Of the elevel patients entering the study, one withdrew as his blood pressure was not controlled on a dose of 200 mg of atenolol twice daily, and another because on withdrawal of atenolol his blood pressure did not rise to pre-treatment levels. The remaining nine patients completed the study. There was a statistically significant fall in blood pressure on both atenolol regimes and there was no significant difference between the blood pressure control achieved on twice-a-day and once-a-day administration. Only one patient developed side-effects; this being an asthmatic who developed mild dyspnoea on atenolol which did not necessitate withdrawal of the drug. It is concluded that once-a-day administration of a given dose of atenolol is therapeutically equivalent to twice-a-day administration. The implications of this in terms of better patient compliance, and thus better prognosis, are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028635"}
{"pmid": "1028634", "title": "Effects of cloprednol and other corticosteroids on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function.", "content": "Effects of cloprednol and other corticosteroids on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. The effects of cloprednol and other corticosteroids on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function were studied in healthy subjects after administration of a single oral dose of corticosteroid at 6 a.m. or 6 p.m., and after daily 6 a.m. administration of corticosteroids at various doses for seven days. The degree of HPA suppression was assessed by metyrapone tests (METP), insulin hypoglycaemia tests (IHT) and 6 a.m. fasting plasma cortisol concentrations. Regardless of the corticosteroid tested, 6 p.m. dosing was at least four-fold more suppressive of METP response than 6 a.m. administration. At therapeutically equivalent doses, single doses of triamcinolone and dexamethasone were more suppressive of HPA-axis function than cloprednol, hydrocortisone or prednisolone, After 6 a.m. administration for seven days, 12-5 mg of cloprednol did not impair the cortisol response to IHT or interfere with the METP response. The clinically equivalent dose of prednisolone (25 mg) resulted in slightly greater HPA-axis suppression. All doses of dexamethasone (0-5, 3-75 and 6-0 mg) and of betamethasome (2-0, 4-0 and 6-5 mg) were more suppressive of HPA-axis function than either cloprednol or prednisolone. These results suggest that at equipotent anti-inflammatory doses, cloprednol is slightly less suppressive of HPA-axis function than prednisolone, and both cloprednol and prednisolone are much less suppressive than dexamethasone or betamethasone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028634"}
{"pmid": "1028636", "title": "Bioavailability of digoxin and beta-methyl-digoxin.", "content": "Bioavailability of digoxin and beta-methyl-digoxin. In a randomized crossover study the bioavailability of a single dose of digoxin and of beta-methyl-digoxin tablets was tested in four normal volunteers. No difference was found between the two products in the rate and extent of drug absorption using 6 day cumulative urinary excretion and serial serum concentration measurements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028636"}
{"pmid": "1028637", "title": "Sulphonylurea and hypothyroidism in Nigerian diabetic subjects.", "content": "Sulphonylurea and hypothyroidism in Nigerian diabetic subjects. Thyroid function has been assessed using the T3-Uptake test in 98 nigerian diabetic and 50 non-diabetic control subjects. Whilst abnormal tests suggestive of thyroidal hypofunctional state were commoner in the group on chlorpropamide alone, and in combination with metformin, these were unrelated to the duration of treatment. In addition, none had clinical hypothyroidism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028637"}
{"pmid": "1028638", "title": "Physiopathologic relevance of alternative pathway of complement activation.", "content": "Physiopathologic relevance of alternative pathway of complement activation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028638"}
{"pmid": "1028639", "title": "Prostaglandins as modulators of the inflammatory response in the rat.", "content": "Prostaglandins as modulators of the inflammatory response in the rat. E-type PGs, injected in rat skin at a low dose concentration (1-5 ng ml-) proved not to release vasoactive amines from local mast cell, enhance increase in vascular permeability evoked by hypersensitivity endogenous inflammatory reactions (passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and reversed passive Arthus) or by intradermal injection of histamine and bradykinin. The possible role of PGE1 and PGE2 as modulators of the inflammatory response is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028639"}
{"pmid": "1028640", "title": "The effect of pre-treatment of syngeneic mice with tumour cells cultured in vitro on the induction of a transplantable tumour.", "content": "The effect of pre-treatment of syngeneic mice with tumour cells cultured in vitro on the induction of a transplantable tumour. The pre-treatment with in vitro cultured mammary adenocarcinoma (ADK-1t) cells strongly protects syngeneic Balb/c mice against the challenge with the same non-cultured tumour cells. If the cultured cells were detached with sodium versenate, 50-60% protection was given, whereas if trypsin was used only 20-30% protection was achieved. That in vitro culture considerably reduces the oncogenic potential of ADK-1t cells was shown by the fact that very many more cultured than non-cultured cells were required to induce tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028640"}
{"pmid": "1028666", "title": "Disseminated intravascular coagulation.", "content": "Disseminated intravascular coagulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028666"}
{"pmid": "1028656", "title": "How patient educators view their role...and yours.", "content": "How patient educators view their role...and yours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028656"}
{"pmid": "1028657", "title": "Executive session [or: how our board avoids boredom].", "content": "Executive session [or: how our board avoids boredom].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028657"}
{"pmid": "1028667", "title": "Effect of potato protease inhibitor on the clotting system and fibrinolysis in the dog.", "content": "Effect of potato protease inhibitor on the clotting system and fibrinolysis in the dog. The potato inhibitor of proteolytic enzymes was found to inhibit the plasma clotting and fibrinolytic systems in the dog. The anticoagulative action of potato inhibitor consists in a prolongation of clotting time, inhibition of thromboplastin generation, reduction of prothrombin consumption and of the retractility of the blood clot. The potato inhibitor prolongs the euglobulin fibrinolysis time and causes a rise in the plasma antiplasmin level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028667"}
{"pmid": "1028668", "title": "Postsplenectomy thrombocytosis in the mouse: changes in the size of thrombocytes.", "content": "Postsplenectomy thrombocytosis in the mouse: changes in the size of thrombocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028668"}
{"pmid": "1028660", "title": "Education directors: moving into a class by themselves.", "content": "Education directors: moving into a class by themselves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028660"}
{"pmid": "1028669", "title": "Comparative studies on platelet membrane preparations.", "content": "Comparative studies on platelet membrane preparations. For the isolation of platelet plasma and cytoplasmatic membranes, the following methods were applied. 1. Glycerol-osmotic lysis technique, combined with sonication. 2. Glycerol-osmotic lysis technique carried out on fresh or frozen platelets. 3. Detergent treatment followed by separation of the protein fractions insoluble at low ionic strength. The detergents used were Triton X-100, Nonidet P-40, Na-deoxycholate and digitonin. The protein fractions were compared by SDS-PAG electrophoresis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028669"}
{"pmid": "1028658", "title": "How hospital relationships shape the growth and stability of groups.", "content": "How hospital relationships shape the growth and stability of groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028658"}
{"pmid": "1028672", "title": "Haptoglobin level in haemophiliacs after administration of pooled cold precipitated antihaemophilic globulin. Preliminary report.", "content": "Haptoglobin level in haemophiliacs after administration of pooled cold precipitated antihaemophilic globulin. Preliminary report. Unlike compatible haemophiliacs, incompatible haemophiliacs developed a decrease in haptoglobin level after administration of pooled cryoprecipitate. The effect is attributed to haemolysis following intravascular agglutination and intravascular coagulation elicited by the cryoprecipitate in incompatible patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028672"}
{"pmid": "1028671", "title": "The effect of colloidal gold on blood coagulation.", "content": "The effect of colloidal gold on blood coagulation. Coagulation tests were carried out in rabbits after the intravenous administration of 2 mg/kg colloidal gold. Among the clotting factors, platelet Factor 3 and Factor XIII were found to be inhibited by the gold preparation. Gold at 2 mg/ml concentration induced an overall antithrombotic state in spite of an increased tendency to platelet aggregation. These experiments suggest a new possibility for the inhibition of Factor XIII and platelet Factor 3.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028671"}
{"pmid": "1028670", "title": "Lanthanum Trichloride induced blood coagulation defect and liver injury.", "content": "Lanthanum Trichloride induced blood coagulation defect and liver injury. The rare earth metals have anticoagulant and hepatotoxic effects, among others. In view of the connection between liver and blood coagulation, the character of the coagulation defect developing in rabbits treated with lanthanum trichloride (La) was studied and in connection with it, the role of the liver injury described earlier. The results showed the effect to depend primarily on the dose of the drug administered; acute and prolonged treatments produce coagulation defects different in type. The effect of a single large dose is characterized by a severe disturbance of thrombin formation: Prothrombin activity is decreased, PTT is prolonged, native blood does not coagulate but may be coagulated with thrombin, and its fibrinogen content is high. The effect cannot be regarded as a result of the liver injury. On giving La in repeated smaller doses, a disturbance of intrinsic thromboplastin (or thrombin) formation develops, as indicated by a decrease in prothrombin consumption. This might be due to an alteration of some serum factor or of the thrombocyte lipid factor (factor 3) and is probably connected with the liver injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028670"}
{"pmid": "1028659", "title": "The health manpower act.", "content": "The health manpower act.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028659"}
{"pmid": "1028673", "title": "Polyagglutinability associated with the cad antigen.", "content": "Polyagglutinability associated with the cad antigen. Various anti-Cad and anti-Sda reagents were tested against a panel of Cad red cells in order to determine whether Cad and Sda antigens were identical. According to the results, although strong Sda reactivity was always found in Cad red cells, the two antigen specificities are not identical. The polyagglutinability of Cad red cells seems to be related to an anti-Cad present in all human sera but Cad, and not with anti-Sda antibody.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028673"}
{"pmid": "1028674", "title": "Jk(a-b-) phenotype in a French family. Quantitative evidence for the inheritance of a silent allele (Jk).", "content": "Jk(a-b-) phenotype in a French family. Quantitative evidence for the inheritance of a silent allele (Jk). A Caucasian French family was investigated including two Jk(a-b-) sibs who had developed anti-JkaJkb. The parents were first cousins. Quantitative study of Kidd antigens using titration scoring and HD50 assay clearly showed the parents and a maternal aunt, phenotypically Jk(a+b-), to have a weak expression of Jka documenting thereby the transmission of the postulated silent gene Jk. Absorption, elution and coagglutination assays revealed the cross reactivity of the antibody developed by the two sibs. Leucocytes and platelets from these two individuals were not shown to absorb anti-JkaJkb.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028674"}
{"pmid": "1028675", "title": "Kinetics of mononuclear phagocytes after thymectomy.", "content": "Kinetics of mononuclear phagocytes after thymectomy. Some kinetic parameters of mononuclear phagocytes have been studied. Wistar rats were injected with 3H-thymidine. Samples of peripheral blood and peritoneal macrophages were obtained at 12, 14, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 84 hours respectively after injection. The labelling index and the mean grain count were determined. The turnover of monocytes was slowed down in the thymectomized animals. It is assumed that thymectomy had changed some biological qualities of mononuclear phagocytes and/or the humoral relations connected with the function and the regulation of mononuclear phagocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028675"}
{"pmid": "1028676", "title": "Acute effect of endogenous inhibitors and exogenous cytostatics on the ultrastructure of bone marrow cells. I. Single dose of 1,2 : 5,6-dianhydrogalactitol (DAD).", "content": "Acute effect of endogenous inhibitors and exogenous cytostatics on the ultrastructure of bone marrow cells. I. Single dose of 1,2 : 5,6-dianhydrogalactitol (DAD). The ultrastructural effects of the endogenous inhibitor, granuloid crude extract (GCE), known to control the proliferation of myeloid cells, and of the current hexitol derivative, 1,2 : 5,6-dianhydrogalactitol (DAD) were compared on the rat bone marrow. A single intraperitoneally injected LD50 dose of DAD induces the following changes in the fine structure: The mitochondria become swollen, the matrix less electron-dense, the cristae fragmentate, the ribosomes aggregate, anomalies appear in the perinuclear the cell membranes, and myelin figures and intranuclear bodies develop. Autophagy,  degeneration and the phagocytotic activity of the reticulum cells is appreciable in 4 hours after treatment and increase by the 24th hour. The toxic effect of DAD is cell aspecific but in the ultrastructure its myelotropic effect manifests earlier than in erythropoiesis. In contrast, the arrest caused by a single dose of the endogenous granuloid inhibitor [2] is cell-specific and non-toxic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028676"}
{"pmid": "1028677", "title": "Acute effect of endogenous inhibitors and exogenous cytostatics on the ultrastructure of bone marrow cells. II. Single dose of granulocyte crude extract (GCE).", "content": "Acute effect of endogenous inhibitors and exogenous cytostatics on the ultrastructure of bone marrow cells. II. Single dose of granulocyte crude extract (GCE). The particle-free crude extract of granulocytes (GCE) contains at least three inhibitors of proliferation (M.w. greater than or equal to 70,000, approximately 11,500 and less than or equal to 4000, [5,5]). Intraperitoneal administration of a single effective mitodepressive dose (EDM = 59.4 mg/kg b.w. protein) does not damage the majority of rat bone marrow cells. The observed slight ultrastructural alterations are as follows. The cristate pattern of the mitochondria is occasionally deficient, their matrix may contain membrane shreds or myelin figures, the package of individual granules may be injured. Cytoplasmic vacuolization, autophagy are infrequent and nuclear bleb formation occurred in a single case only. The incidence of such injuries is practically the same in untreated bone marrow cells. Although GCE effectively inhibits cell proliferation, its single dose does not induce such toxic, irreversible and degenerative ultrastructural alterations as have been observed in the same system after the administration of the cytostatic dianhydrogalactitol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028677"}
{"pmid": "1028678", "title": "The Tarasoff decisions: suing psychotherapists to safeguard society.", "content": "The Tarasoff decisions: suing psychotherapists to safeguard society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028678"}
{"pmid": "1028679", "title": "Future drugs that will be lifesavers for the industry too.", "content": "Future drugs that will be lifesavers for the industry too.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028679"}
{"pmid": "1028681", "title": "Perfect accountability.", "content": "Perfect accountability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028681"}
{"pmid": "1028680", "title": "Let's get started on improvement.", "content": "Let's get started on improvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028680"}
{"pmid": "1028682", "title": "Satisfaction guaranteed.", "content": "Satisfaction guaranteed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028682"}
{"pmid": "1028683", "title": "Motivation: key to good results.", "content": "Motivation: key to good results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028683"}
{"pmid": "1028684", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Housekeeping.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Housekeeping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028684"}
{"pmid": "1028685", "title": "When the problem is productivity.", "content": "When the problem is productivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028685"}
{"pmid": "1028686", "title": "Make instructions mistake-proof.", "content": "Make instructions mistake-proof.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028686"}
{"pmid": "1028687", "title": "A case study of performance improvement, part 1: The program.", "content": "A case study of performance improvement, part 1: The program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028687"}
{"pmid": "1028688", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Physical therapy.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Physical therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028688"}
{"pmid": "1028689", "title": "Management of nursing care. A problem-solving approach to discipline.", "content": "Management of nursing care. A problem-solving approach to discipline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028689"}
{"pmid": "1028690", "title": "More mileage from days off.", "content": "More mileage from days off.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028690"}
{"pmid": "1028691", "title": "Healthcare at home.", "content": "Healthcare at home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028691"}
{"pmid": "1028693", "title": "Contracting for mental health.", "content": "Contracting for mental health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028693"}
{"pmid": "1028692", "title": "A case study of performance improvement, part 2: the payoffs.", "content": "A case study of performance improvement, part 2: the payoffs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028692"}
{"pmid": "1028695", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Volunteer services.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Volunteer services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028695"}
{"pmid": "1028694", "title": "Management of nursing care: build leadership through communication.", "content": "Management of nursing care: build leadership through communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028694"}
{"pmid": "1028697", "title": "Patient education via TV.", "content": "Patient education via TV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028697"}
{"pmid": "1028696", "title": "Management by objectives in a healthcare setting.", "content": "Management by objectives in a healthcare setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028696"}
{"pmid": "1028698", "title": "Management of nursing care: when the patient is dying.", "content": "Management of nursing care: when the patient is dying.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028698"}
{"pmid": "1028700", "title": "How to turn down job applicants without incurring charges of bias.", "content": "How to turn down job applicants without incurring charges of bias.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028700"}
{"pmid": "1028699", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Admitting.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Admitting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028699"}
{"pmid": "1028701", "title": "Care of the aged: inside and outside the nursing home.", "content": "Care of the aged: inside and outside the nursing home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028701"}
{"pmid": "1028702", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Medical records.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Medical records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028702"}
{"pmid": "1028703", "title": "Management of nursing care. Structure: from hierarchy to matrix.", "content": "Management of nursing care. Structure: from hierarchy to matrix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028703"}
{"pmid": "1028704", "title": "The power of suggestion.", "content": "The power of suggestion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028704"}
{"pmid": "1028705", "title": "Group dynamics: working for you or against you?", "content": "Group dynamics: working for you or against you?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028705"}
{"pmid": "1028706", "title": "When two health facilities merge: a case study.", "content": "When two health facilities merge: a case study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028706"}
{"pmid": "1028707", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Social service.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Social service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028707"}
{"pmid": "1028712", "title": "Charting the way to better patient care.", "content": "Charting the way to better patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028712"}
{"pmid": "1028710", "title": "The woman supervisor: problems and challenges.", "content": "The woman supervisor: problems and challenges.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028710"}
{"pmid": "1028708", "title": "Management of nursing care: the ingredients of good supervision.", "content": "Management of nursing care: the ingredients of good supervision.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028708"}
{"pmid": "1028709", "title": "Art for the patient's sake.", "content": "Art for the patient's sake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028709"}
{"pmid": "1028711", "title": "MBO: who's using it? who isn't?", "content": "MBO: who's using it? who isn't?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028711"}
{"pmid": "1028713", "title": "Admissions after the fact.", "content": "Admissions after the fact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028713"}
{"pmid": "1028717", "title": "MBO for nurses.", "content": "MBO for nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028717"}
{"pmid": "1028714", "title": "Anger: threat to managerial control.", "content": "Anger: threat to managerial control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028714"}
{"pmid": "1028715", "title": "Performance appraisal: an upbeat approach.", "content": "Performance appraisal: an upbeat approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028715"}
{"pmid": "1028716", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Central service.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Central service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028716"}
{"pmid": "1028718", "title": "Delegation is not abdication.", "content": "Delegation is not abdication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028718"}
{"pmid": "1028719", "title": "Labor relations and the supervisor.", "content": "Labor relations and the supervisor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028719"}
{"pmid": "1028722", "title": "Healthcare on wheels.", "content": "Healthcare on wheels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028722"}
{"pmid": "1028720", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Pharmacy.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028720"}
{"pmid": "1028721", "title": "Management of nursing care: quality care in a small facility.", "content": "Management of nursing care: quality care in a small facility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028721"}
{"pmid": "1028723", "title": "Self-appraisal: tool for managerial development.", "content": "Self-appraisal: tool for managerial development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028723"}
{"pmid": "1028724", "title": "Correlation between plasma growth hormone and insulin and blood glucose concentrations in premature infants.", "content": "Correlation between plasma growth hormone and insulin and blood glucose concentrations in premature infants. Plasma growth hormone, insulin and blood glucose levels were measured longitudinally during the first 60 days of life in 21 premature infants (8 males and 13 females) born between the 6th and 8th month of gestation. When these variables were related to age it was found that insulin and glucose, which are lower than in the prepubertal children and adults, rise simultaneously. Whereas growth hormone, which is higher than in older prepubertal children, decreases during the first 2 weeks of life. The decrease in growth hormone continues during the first 2 months of life, in contrast to the increases in insulin and glucose which do not persist in as long a period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028724"}
{"pmid": "1028727", "title": "Growth hormone in blood sampled continuously during pentobarbitone-induced sleep in children.", "content": "Growth hormone in blood sampled continuously during pentobarbitone-induced sleep in children. Growth hormone has been estimated in blood sampled continuously in periods each lasting 30 min during the first 3-4 h of pentobarbitone-induced sleep in 69 children. With only two half-hour samples, almost the same information was obtained as with the estimation of growth hormone in all samples. In this way 95% of normally growing children showed growth hormone levels of 5 muU/ml of more. Children with growth retardation of unknown cause and overweight children showed on the average lower growth hormone levels, not rarely even below 5 muU/ml. Pituitary dwarfs all had maximum growth hormone levels of 3 muU/ml or less. Growth hormone levels during sleep may be normal in children who show negative results on provocation, while subnormal growth hormone levels during sleep have been encountered in some children with retarded growth who had a normal response upon provocation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028727"}
{"pmid": "1028726", "title": "The role of calcium in glucagon release. Interactions between arginine and calcium.", "content": "The role of calcium in glucagon release. Interactions between arginine and calcium. The interrelationship between arginine and calcium in glucagon release was studied using the in vitro perfused rat pancreas. In the presence of a normal 2 mM calcium concentration, 10 mM arginine provoked biphasic glucagon release, the amplitude of such a response being inversely related to the glucose concentration of the perfusate. At the lowest 3.3 mM glucose concentration, and after prolonged (40 min) as well as short (10 min) periods of calcium deprivation, arginine-induced glucagon release was inhibited. These results clearly indicate that calcium is necessary for either the recognition or effectiveness of arginine as a stimulus to the alpha-cell. Taking into account this, as well as other data presently available in the literature, it is suggested that calcium plays a versatile role - permissive, inhibitory and stimulatory - in glucagon secretion. The intimate mechanisms by which calcium exerts such versatile actions in the alpha-cell remain to be elucidated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028726"}
{"pmid": "1028725", "title": "Binding of methyltrienolone to various androgen-dependent and androgen-responsive tissues in four animal species.", "content": "Binding of methyltrienolone to various androgen-dependent and androgen-responsive tissues in four animal species. Comparative sucrose gradient studies of the in vitro binding of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and of a synthetic androgen, methyltrienolone (R 1881), have been done with the cytosols of various tissues of the rat, mouse, cock and man. With rat prostate cytosol, the amount of R 1881 and DHT binding in the 8-9S region of the gradient was found to be comparable. Specific 8-9S peaks of R 1881 were also found in rat levator ani/bulbocavernosus and skeletal muscles and in the mouse kidney. Only 4-5S peaks could be demonstrated in the cock's comb while DHT under the same conditions showed both 8-9S and 4-5S binding. Binding of R 1881 to the cytosol of the hyperplastic prostate was polydispersed, and showed evidence of the presence of aggregates. Evidence was also found that R 1881 could bind to the progesterone receptor in rat uterus. Our study supports the theory that in a given species the androgen receptors are similar if not identical in all the tissues. The synthetic androgen R 1881 appears to be a useful tool for androgen receptor studies in various animal species provided that the tissue under study contains no progesterone receptor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028725"}
{"pmid": "1028728", "title": "Statistics sans mystique.", "content": "Statistics sans mystique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028728"}
{"pmid": "1028729", "title": "Physiotherapy at ground level.", "content": "Physiotherapy at ground level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028729"}
{"pmid": "1028730", "title": "Rotary filing record for St Thomas's Hospital.", "content": "Rotary filing record for St Thomas's Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028730"}
{"pmid": "1028731", "title": "Hospital cheeses.", "content": "Hospital cheeses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028731"}
{"pmid": "1028732", "title": "Kitchen hygiene. All that glitters is not clean.", "content": "Kitchen hygiene. All that glitters is not clean.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028732"}
{"pmid": "1028734", "title": "Dietetics and menu planning.", "content": "Dietetics and menu planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028734"}
{"pmid": "1028733", "title": "Feasibility of freeze production catering.", "content": "Feasibility of freeze production catering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028733"}
{"pmid": "1028736", "title": "Initiatives in equipment for the elderly.", "content": "Initiatives in equipment for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028736"}
{"pmid": "1028737", "title": "Minicomputer installation.", "content": "Minicomputer installation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028737"}
{"pmid": "1028735", "title": "Fuelling the kitchen electricity.", "content": "Fuelling the kitchen electricity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028735"}
{"pmid": "1028739", "title": "Designer's Prize.", "content": "Designer's Prize.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028739"}
{"pmid": "1028740", "title": "Research grants.", "content": "Research grants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028740"}
{"pmid": "1028738", "title": "A new concept in intubation.", "content": "A new concept in intubation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028738"}
{"pmid": "1028741", "title": "Catering systems--the nurse's view.", "content": "Catering systems--the nurse's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028741"}
{"pmid": "1028742", "title": "Pepping-up hospital meals.", "content": "Pepping-up hospital meals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028742"}
{"pmid": "1028743", "title": "Efficiency in the hospital pharmacy.", "content": "Efficiency in the hospital pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028743"}
{"pmid": "1028744", "title": "Stake theory as an explanatory device in Navajo alcoholism treatment response.", "content": "Stake theory as an explanatory device in Navajo alcoholism treatment response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028744"}
{"pmid": "1028746", "title": "Becoming a street addict.", "content": "Becoming a street addict.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028746"}
{"pmid": "1028745", "title": "Sociocultural factors in the intergroup perception of health problems: a case of grower attitudes toward their migrant labor.", "content": "Sociocultural factors in the intergroup perception of health problems: a case of grower attitudes toward their migrant labor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028745"}
{"pmid": "1028748", "title": "Infant feeding and its effect on growth and development of children.", "content": "Infant feeding and its effect on growth and development of children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028748"}
{"pmid": "1028747", "title": "A long day's journey to health care.", "content": "A long day's journey to health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028747"}
{"pmid": "1028749", "title": "Serum vitamin A level of secondary school children.", "content": "Serum vitamin A level of secondary school children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028749"}
{"pmid": "1028750", "title": "Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.", "content": "Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028750"}
{"pmid": "1028751", "title": "Aplastic anaemia in children. A report of three cases.", "content": "Aplastic anaemia in children. A report of three cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028751"}
{"pmid": "1028753", "title": "The patient's right to refuse treatment.", "content": "The patient's right to refuse treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028753"}
{"pmid": "1028752", "title": "Duplication cysts of the gastroinestinal tract. Report of two cases.", "content": "Duplication cysts of the gastroinestinal tract. Report of two cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028752"}
{"pmid": "1028754", "title": "How to start a CME study group for staff physicians.", "content": "How to start a CME study group for staff physicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028754"}
{"pmid": "1028755", "title": "Changing relationships between hospitals and health professionals.", "content": "Changing relationships between hospitals and health professionals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028755"}
{"pmid": "1028756", "title": "The rights of physicians and hospitals in due process.", "content": "The rights of physicians and hospitals in due process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028756"}
{"pmid": "1028758", "title": "Do physicians over 50 belong in active hospital practice?", "content": "Do physicians over 50 belong in active hospital practice?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028758"}
{"pmid": "1028759", "title": "Bylaws by law: a look at the St. John's decision.", "content": "Bylaws by law: a look at the St. John's decision.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028759"}
{"pmid": "1028761", "title": "Views from the chairman. On going full time.", "content": "Views from the chairman. On going full time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028761"}
{"pmid": "1028757", "title": "Confidentiality, peer review, and the law.", "content": "Confidentiality, peer review, and the law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028757"}
{"pmid": "1028760", "title": "AHA delegates applaud strong leadership role for hospitals.", "content": "AHA delegates applaud strong leadership role for hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028760"}
{"pmid": "1028762", "title": "Medical staff wins in bylaws dispute, but the problem lingers on.", "content": "Medical staff wins in bylaws dispute, but the problem lingers on.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028762"}
{"pmid": "1028763", "title": "Critical care: a classification system for ICU patients.", "content": "Critical care: a classification system for ICU patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028763"}
{"pmid": "1028764", "title": "The legal aspects of a patient care classification system.", "content": "The legal aspects of a patient care classification system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028764"}
{"pmid": "1028765", "title": "The JCAH: an assessment of strengths, needs, intentions.", "content": "The JCAH: an assessment of strengths, needs, intentions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028765"}
{"pmid": "1028766", "title": "Physicians as diagnosticians--a critical variable in hospital costs.", "content": "Physicians as diagnosticians--a critical variable in hospital costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028766"}
{"pmid": "1028767", "title": "AMA does an about-face on collective bargaining.", "content": "AMA does an about-face on collective bargaining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028767"}
{"pmid": "1028768", "title": "Can malpractice insurance be a condition of staff membership?", "content": "Can malpractice insurance be a condition of staff membership?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028768"}
{"pmid": "1028769", "title": "The challenge of recertification.", "content": "The challenge of recertification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028769"}
{"pmid": "1028770", "title": "The 'disorganized' medical staff.", "content": "The 'disorganized' medical staff.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028770"}
{"pmid": "1028772", "title": "Malpractice: funding emerges as a critical issue.", "content": "Malpractice: funding emerges as a critical issue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028772"}
{"pmid": "1028771", "title": "A legislative solution to the problem of physician discipline.", "content": "A legislative solution to the problem of physician discipline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028771"}
{"pmid": "1028773", "title": "Identifying unfit physicians--the hospital's responsibility.", "content": "Identifying unfit physicians--the hospital's responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028773"}
{"pmid": "1028774", "title": "Florida's answer to the problem of professional incompetence.", "content": "Florida's answer to the problem of professional incompetence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028774"}
{"pmid": "1028775", "title": "Two states strengthen laws aimed at identifying disabled physicians.", "content": "Two states strengthen laws aimed at identifying disabled physicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028775"}
{"pmid": "1028776", "title": "Washington memo: quality assurance programs.", "content": "Washington memo: quality assurance programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028776"}
{"pmid": "1028777", "title": "JCAH: 'saint' or 'sinner'?", "content": "JCAH: 'saint' or 'sinner'?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028777"}
{"pmid": "1028778", "title": "AMA congress confronts issues of credentials, continuing education.", "content": "AMA congress confronts issues of credentials, continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028778"}
{"pmid": "1028779", "title": "Physician rehabilitation: a better alternative to punishment.", "content": "Physician rehabilitation: a better alternative to punishment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028779"}
{"pmid": "1028782", "title": "Primary care for the patient who needs it.", "content": "Primary care for the patient who needs it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028782"}
{"pmid": "1028781", "title": "Hospital-physician relations: the climate is improving.", "content": "Hospital-physician relations: the climate is improving.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028781"}
{"pmid": "1028783", "title": "Research with human subjects: the medical staff's responsibility.", "content": "Research with human subjects: the medical staff's responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028783"}
{"pmid": "1028784", "title": "The triclofos mutiny.", "content": "The triclofos mutiny.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028784"}
{"pmid": "1028785", "title": "Receipt of prescription is an implied contract.", "content": "Receipt of prescription is an implied contract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028785"}
{"pmid": "1028786", "title": "Pharmacy technician training program at a Veterans Administration hospital.", "content": "Pharmacy technician training program at a Veterans Administration hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028786"}
{"pmid": "1028787", "title": "A questionnaire for manufacturers provides useful data on new drugs.", "content": "A questionnaire for manufacturers provides useful data on new drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028787"}
{"pmid": "1028780", "title": "The 'privileges' problem.", "content": "The 'privileges' problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028780"}
{"pmid": "1028788", "title": "Continuing pharmaceutical education: I. A way to better patient care.", "content": "Continuing pharmaceutical education: I. A way to better patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028788"}
{"pmid": "1028789", "title": "Losing control of a computerized formulary.", "content": "Losing control of a computerized formulary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028789"}
{"pmid": "1028790", "title": "The National Drug Code system: its purpose and potential.", "content": "The National Drug Code system: its purpose and potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028790"}
{"pmid": "1028791", "title": "Justification of unit-dose: legal protection plus patient benefits.", "content": "Justification of unit-dose: legal protection plus patient benefits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028791"}
{"pmid": "1028792", "title": "Continuing pharmaceutical education: II. Protection against malpractice suits.", "content": "Continuing pharmaceutical education: II. Protection against malpractice suits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028792"}
{"pmid": "1028793", "title": "A Christmas fable.", "content": "A Christmas fable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028793"}
{"pmid": "1028794", "title": "A plan for pharmacist-conducted patient discharge interviews.", "content": "A plan for pharmacist-conducted patient discharge interviews.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028794"}
{"pmid": "1028795", "title": "Automatic stop orders: an essential part of hospital policy.", "content": "Automatic stop orders: an essential part of hospital policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028795"}
{"pmid": "1028796", "title": "Quality assurance for medical products: unified program for all federal agencies.", "content": "Quality assurance for medical products: unified program for all federal agencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028796"}
{"pmid": "1028798", "title": "A stillness in the Senate hearing room.", "content": "A stillness in the Senate hearing room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028798"}
{"pmid": "1028797", "title": "FDA problems with medications in the marketplace: III. 'Therapeutic orphans'.", "content": "FDA problems with medications in the marketplace: III. 'Therapeutic orphans'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028797"}
{"pmid": "1028799", "title": "The challenge and promise of pharmacy in the future.", "content": "The challenge and promise of pharmacy in the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028799"}
{"pmid": "1028801", "title": "Need for an international standardized system of lot or batch numbers.", "content": "Need for an international standardized system of lot or batch numbers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028801"}
{"pmid": "1028800", "title": "The enormous task of total formulary review.", "content": "The enormous task of total formulary review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028800"}
{"pmid": "1028802", "title": "Drug-caused potassium loss in nursing home patients.", "content": "Drug-caused potassium loss in nursing home patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028802"}
{"pmid": "1028804", "title": "A very tight formulary can work if it has a built-in escape valve.", "content": "A very tight formulary can work if it has a built-in escape valve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028804"}
{"pmid": "1028805", "title": "What P&T Committee members need to know.", "content": "What P&T Committee members need to know.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028805"}
{"pmid": "1028803", "title": "One hospital's guide for the provisional selection of antibiotics.", "content": "One hospital's guide for the provisional selection of antibiotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028803"}
{"pmid": "1028806", "title": "\"Primum non nocere\"--First do no harm.", "content": "\"Primum non nocere\"--First do no harm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028806"}
{"pmid": "1028807", "title": "Financing comprehensive pharmaceutical services: how to swim with sharks.", "content": "Financing comprehensive pharmaceutical services: how to swim with sharks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028807"}
{"pmid": "1028811", "title": "IV infusion pumps: the pharmacist's role.", "content": "IV infusion pumps: the pharmacist's role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028811"}
{"pmid": "1028808", "title": "The pharmacist's role in team treatment of patients receiving injectable long-acting fluphenazine.", "content": "The pharmacist's role in team treatment of patients receiving injectable long-acting fluphenazine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028808"}
{"pmid": "1028809", "title": "Questions to the consultant pharmacist on standards, accreditation and survey inspection.", "content": "Questions to the consultant pharmacist on standards, accreditation and survey inspection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028809"}
{"pmid": "1028810", "title": "Designing a modern hospital pharmacy.", "content": "Designing a modern hospital pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028810"}
{"pmid": "1028812", "title": "Contemporary pharmacy services in the small hospital.", "content": "Contemporary pharmacy services in the small hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028812"}
{"pmid": "1028813", "title": "Can the pharmacist solve drug problems in hospitals and still stay afloat.", "content": "Can the pharmacist solve drug problems in hospitals and still stay afloat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028813"}
{"pmid": "1028814", "title": "A survey of hospital drug purchases and inventories.", "content": "A survey of hospital drug purchases and inventories.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028814"}
{"pmid": "1028815", "title": "Report of the Task Force on Fees for Accreditation.", "content": "Report of the Task Force on Fees for Accreditation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028815"}
{"pmid": "1028816", "title": "Radioactive vitamin B12 absorption studies in various gastrointestinal disorders.", "content": "Radioactive vitamin B12 absorption studies in various gastrointestinal disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028816"}
{"pmid": "1028817", "title": "Stool weights and transit time in North Indians.", "content": "Stool weights and transit time in North Indians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028817"}
{"pmid": "1028818", "title": "Peritoneal dialysis in children.", "content": "Peritoneal dialysis in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028818"}
{"pmid": "1028820", "title": "Some metabolic facets of magnesium in diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Some metabolic facets of magnesium in diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028820"}
{"pmid": "1028819", "title": "Changes in blood sugar and osmolality during dialysis with glucose free dialysis solution.", "content": "Changes in blood sugar and osmolality during dialysis with glucose free dialysis solution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028819"}
{"pmid": "1028821", "title": "Observations on serum immunoglobulin and complement fractions in rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Observations on serum immunoglobulin and complement fractions in rheumatoid arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028821"}
{"pmid": "1028823", "title": "Methyldopa liver injury.", "content": "Methyldopa liver injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028823"}
{"pmid": "1028822", "title": "C.S.F. in diabetic neuropathy--revisited.", "content": "C.S.F. in diabetic neuropathy--revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028822"}
{"pmid": "1028824", "title": "Use of glucose free dialysate for haemodialysis.", "content": "Use of glucose free dialysate for haemodialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028824"}
{"pmid": "1028825", "title": "Dialysing uremic children.", "content": "Dialysing uremic children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028825"}
{"pmid": "1028826", "title": "Gas cysts of intestine.", "content": "Gas cysts of intestine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028826"}
{"pmid": "1028827", "title": "Ascites of undetermined origin in patients with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.", "content": "Ascites of undetermined origin in patients with pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028827"}
{"pmid": "1028828", "title": "Arsenic encephalopathy (a report of two cases).", "content": "Arsenic encephalopathy (a report of two cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028828"}
{"pmid": "1028843", "title": "Propositions and pilgrimage.", "content": "Propositions and pilgrimage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028843"}
{"pmid": "1028844", "title": "Journey of a pastoral counselor.", "content": "Journey of a pastoral counselor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028844"}
{"pmid": "1028845", "title": "AAPC constitution revision: a challenge to integrate function and form.", "content": "AAPC constitution revision: a challenge to integrate function and form.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028845"}
{"pmid": "1028847", "title": "The healing of memories: psychotherapeutic ritual among Catholic pentecostals.", "content": "The healing of memories: psychotherapeutic ritual among Catholic pentecostals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028847"}
{"pmid": "1028846", "title": "Pastoral counselors licensing bill in New Hampshire: realities and issues.", "content": "Pastoral counselors licensing bill in New Hampshire: realities and issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028846"}
{"pmid": "1028848", "title": "Nurturing the souls of black folk.", "content": "Nurturing the souls of black folk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028848"}
{"pmid": "1028849", "title": "Pastoral counseling and the black perspective.", "content": "Pastoral counseling and the black perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028849"}
{"pmid": "1028850", "title": "Toward a therapy of being.", "content": "Toward a therapy of being.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028850"}
{"pmid": "1028852", "title": "In vitro vs in situ development of Purkinje cells.", "content": "In vitro vs in situ development of Purkinje cells. Analysis of in vitro vs in situ development of Purkinje cells was undertaken in order to compare the transitory morphology of Purkinje cells grown in situ with their differentiation in vitro. Purkinje cells in rotary cultures developed their basic morphological pattern only when the cultures were prepared from 16-day chick embryos, indicating the existence of a critical period during their normal differentiation, which lasted approximately 24 hr between days 14 and 15 embryonic development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028852"}
{"pmid": "1028835", "title": "Are dead-front (hospital grade) plugs as safe as the molded type?", "content": "Are dead-front (hospital grade) plugs as safe as the molded type?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028835"}
{"pmid": "1028851", "title": "Responses of single units in the cat cochlear nucleus to sinusoidal amplitude modulation of tones and noise: linearity and relation to speech perception.", "content": "Responses of single units in the cat cochlear nucleus to sinusoidal amplitude modulation of tones and noise: linearity and relation to speech perception. Responses to the sinusoidal modulation envelopes of amplitude-modulated tonend noise carriers were recorded from  single units in the cochlear nucleus of the cat. The unit discharges were synchronized to the peaks of the modulation envelope. Population-averaged firing rate were independent of the modulation index of the stimulus. Temporal firing patterns, as represented by the shapes and magnitudes of modulation-cycle histograms, were strongly dependent on stimulus intesity and modulation index. Nonlinear nonsinusoidal responses to sinusoidal modulation envelopes were observed, but only at high values of sound intensity. These and other results are discussed in the context of psychological studies concerning the perception of speech information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028851"}
{"pmid": "1028829", "title": "The biomedical equipment technician.", "content": "The biomedical equipment technician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028829"}
{"pmid": "1028831", "title": "The cost of a clinical engineering department.", "content": "The cost of a clinical engineering department.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028831"}
{"pmid": "1028834", "title": "Professional engineering registration and clinical engineering.", "content": "Professional engineering registration and clinical engineering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028834"}
{"pmid": "1028857", "title": "Structure of neuronal assemblies in cerebral cortex.", "content": "Structure of neuronal assemblies in cerebral cortex. Interrelations in the apical dendrite bundles of a single neuronal column were revealed by means of light and electron microscopy in the cat motor cortex. Such column presents an integrated structural module. There were also found wider joinings of several columns, among which complex coordination may exist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028857"}
{"pmid": "1028856", "title": "Changes of CTP synthetase activity during postnatal rat brain development.", "content": "Changes of CTP synthetase activity during postnatal rat brain development. The activity of CTP synthetase (UTP: ammonia ligase (ADP, EC. 6.3.4.2.) was determined in rat cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum during postnatal development. It was found that enzyme activity, when expressed per unit of protein or wet tissue weight, in both parts of the brain decreased with age, the diminution proceeding more rapidly in the cerebellum than in the hemispheres. When CTP synthetase was expressed on the basis of DNA an activity peak in the hemispheres with a maximum on the 5th day after birth was observed. The enzyme content per cell was several times lower in the cerebellum than in the hemispheres at each age studied, with the exception of 1-day-old animals, in which both tissues displayed similar activity. The results obtained were compared with literature data for the intensity of RNA synthesis in the developing brain. The conclusion was reached that the changes of CTP synthetase activity were closely related to the RNA metabolism. Therefore the enzyme under study may be one of the factors involved in cell control of RNA synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028856"}
{"pmid": "1028854", "title": "Failure to demonstrate alterations in gluconeogenesis in growth-retarded weanling rats with dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions.", "content": "Failure to demonstrate alterations in gluconeogenesis in growth-retarded weanling rats with dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions. Bilateral electrolytic lesions were placed in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei (DMN) of weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats. Sham-operated rats served as controls. After 22 days on lab chow and tap water ad libitum, the animals were injected with U-14 C-alanine 0.167 muC/mu moles intraperitoneally (5 muC and 30 mu moles/100 gm body weight) and sacrificed 2 hr later. There was no significant difference, in the incorporation of the label into total lipid, free fatty acids, glycogen, or tissue protein of both liver and diaphragm, between the DMN-lesioned and the sham-operated rats. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the incorporation into plasma glucose or protein. It is concluded that in spite of profound alterations in both ponderal and linear growth and food intake, there is no disruption of normal gluconeogenesis in the weanling rat with DMN lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028854"}
{"pmid": "1028855", "title": "Effect of acetylcholine on the activity of dopamine beta-hydroxylase in rat brain.", "content": "Effect of acetylcholine on the activity of dopamine beta-hydroxylase in rat brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028855"}
{"pmid": "1028860", "title": "Effects of local illumination of the hypothalamus on spontaneous and flash-induced multiunit activity recorded from the gonadotropic hypothalamic areas in quail.", "content": "Effects of local illumination of the hypothalamus on spontaneous and flash-induced multiunit activity recorded from the gonadotropic hypothalamic areas in quail. Multiple unit activity (MUA) was obtained from gonadotropic areas of the hypothalamus in quail. Pellets of radioluminous paint (RLP) were implanted unilaterally either in the nucleus tuberis or in the n. posterior medialis hypothalami. Control data were obtained from birds receiving nonluminous material (RP). Spontaneous MUA was decreased by 25% in gonadotropic arease in RLP-treated quail. Direct permanent photostimulation of hypothalamic neuronal population was not as effective in decreasing MUA as environmental photostimulation (50%). Activation in firing rates, which was constant in nonphotostimulated intact birds in response to repetitive flash-light stimulations, was completely suppressed after implantation of RLP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028860"}
{"pmid": "1028858", "title": "The relationship of afterhyperpolarizations of extraocular motoneurons to membrane potential.", "content": "The relationship of afterhyperpolarizations of extraocular motoneurons to membrane potential. The effect of membrane potential displacements caused by external current injection on the amplitudes of two antidromically evoked afterhyperpolarizations (AHP1 and AHP2) was measured in extraocular motoneurons. AHP1 had a reversal potential of-70mV and an average compensation for displacements from the reversal potential (\"compensation gain\") of -0.36. AHP2 had a reversal potential of-80mV and a compensation gain of -0.08. Measurements of input resistance of these motoneurons demonstrate a 30-50% decrease at depolarized membrane potentials. This rectification could account for the apparent lack of summation of AHP2. The functional role of AHP1 and AHP2 in the regulation of discharge frequencies of extraocular motoneurons during nromal eye movements is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028858"}
{"pmid": "1028853", "title": "Brain colchicine-binding protein (tubulin) during postnatal development in the rat.", "content": "Brain colchicine-binding protein (tubulin) during postnatal development in the rat. A time-decay colchicine-binding assay was used under optimal conditions for measuring tubulin concentration in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum during postnatal development. In both brain areas soluble tubulin concentration (pmoles colchicine bound/mg tissue) declined by about 35% between 4 and 12 days of age after which the decrease was more gradual up to adulthood. Colchicine-binding protein concentration of particulate fractions, on the other hand, increased between 4 and 12 days of age followed by relatively little change. The concentration of tubulin in the soluble and particulate fractions of the cerebral cortex was 45% and 75% greater, respectively, than corresponding fractions of the cerebellum. The expression of tubulin on the basis of DNA, revealed marked regional differences which can be considered a reflection of differences in the relative extent of morphological differentiation in these areas during the postnatal period. Tubulin in both soluble and particulate fractions exhibited a marked increase in lability for colchicine binding from approximately 12 days of age. The half-life for loss of colchicine-binding activity was 2,5-fold greater in particulate compared to soluble fractions. An analysis of the characteristics of the particulate colchicine-binding reaction provides additional support for the hypothesis that it represents a functionally significant association of tubulin with the membranous components.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028853"}
{"pmid": "1028833", "title": "Plugs and receptacles in the hospital: a compendium for the clinical engineer.", "content": "Plugs and receptacles in the hospital: a compendium for the clinical engineer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028833"}
{"pmid": "1028859", "title": "Response of a brain protein fraction 24 hours after training in rats.", "content": "Response of a brain protein fraction 24 hours after training in rats. The aim of the study was to follow the amount and incorporation of 14C-valine into separate, soluble protein fractions of the hippocampus, thalamus, and visual cortex of rats from 0 to 72 hr after training. The behavioral test consisted of reversal of handedness with training twice daily for 25 min for 2 days, followed by a 5-day intermission without training, and a final session of 24 min. The animals were injected intraperitoneally with 14C-valine 30 min before sacrifice and taken 0, 24, 48, and 72 hr after last training. After 24 hr, and only at that time, double incorporation values and increased amounts were observed in a protein fraction, No. 6 from the front, in all three brain areas of the trained rats compared to active controls. At 48 hr this protein fraction was at control level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028859"}
{"pmid": "1028832", "title": "Preventive maintenance program at Lutheran Hospital of Maryland.", "content": "Preventive maintenance program at Lutheran Hospital of Maryland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028832"}
{"pmid": "1028861", "title": "The study of platelet microtubule assembly.", "content": "The study of platelet microtubule assembly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028861"}
{"pmid": "1028837", "title": "Directory of local & regional biomedical organizations.", "content": "Directory of local & regional biomedical organizations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028837"}
{"pmid": "1028863", "title": "Studies on cryosurgical treatment of chronic cervicitis.", "content": "Studies on cryosurgical treatment of chronic cervicitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028863"}
{"pmid": "1028862", "title": "A case report: a giant prostatic leiomyoma.", "content": "A case report: a giant prostatic leiomyoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028862"}
{"pmid": "1028830", "title": "The hospital instrumentation department: delivering clinical engineering services to the hospital community.", "content": "The hospital instrumentation department: delivering clinical engineering services to the hospital community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028830"}
{"pmid": "1028864", "title": "Biological effects of exposure to lead in ambient air among Tokyo inhabitants.", "content": "Biological effects of exposure to lead in ambient air among Tokyo inhabitants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028864"}
{"pmid": "1028836", "title": "A specialist/generalist peer group certification system.", "content": "A specialist/generalist peer group certification system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028836"}
{"pmid": "1028866", "title": "Lexical derivation and the form class of word associations.", "content": "Lexical derivation and the form class of word associations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028866"}
{"pmid": "1028865", "title": "A comparison of oral and written code elaboration.", "content": "A comparison of oral and written code elaboration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028865"}
{"pmid": "1028867", "title": "The role of syntax in sentence recall.", "content": "The role of syntax in sentence recall.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028867"}
{"pmid": "1028868", "title": "The effect of level of education on judgments of grammatical acceptability.", "content": "The effect of level of education on judgments of grammatical acceptability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028868"}
{"pmid": "1028878", "title": "The design and use of a veterinary medical record.", "content": "The design and use of a veterinary medical record.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028878"}
{"pmid": "1028880", "title": "How to work less and accomplish more.", "content": "How to work less and accomplish more.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028880"}
{"pmid": "1028881", "title": "Unitization of records in a small hospital.", "content": "Unitization of records in a small hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028881"}
{"pmid": "1028879", "title": "Exploring curriculum relevance & local market conditions for MRTs.", "content": "Exploring curriculum relevance & local market conditions for MRTs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028879"}
{"pmid": "1028882", "title": "One hospital's approach to word processing.", "content": "One hospital's approach to word processing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028882"}
{"pmid": "1028869", "title": "The meaning of frequency words in different contexts.", "content": "The meaning of frequency words in different contexts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028869"}
{"pmid": "1028870", "title": "Elicited imitation of language: some ESNS population characteristics.", "content": "Elicited imitation of language: some ESNS population characteristics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028870"}
{"pmid": "1028884", "title": "A reason for visit classification system for ambulatory care.", "content": "A reason for visit classification system for ambulatory care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028884"}
{"pmid": "1028883", "title": "A helping hand in Afghanistan.", "content": "A helping hand in Afghanistan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028883"}
{"pmid": "1028871", "title": "Elicited imitation and assessment of abilities.", "content": "Elicited imitation and assessment of abilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028871"}
{"pmid": "1028885", "title": "The world turned upside down.", "content": "The world turned upside down.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028885"}
{"pmid": "1028887", "title": "President's message.", "content": "President's message.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028887"}
{"pmid": "1028886", "title": "The value of a disease index in a nursing facility.", "content": "The value of a disease index in a nursing facility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028886"}
{"pmid": "1028888", "title": "An introduction to organization development for the hospital department head.", "content": "An introduction to organization development for the hospital department head.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028888"}
{"pmid": "1028872", "title": "Attribution processes and interpersonal accommodation in a bilingual setting.", "content": "Attribution processes and interpersonal accommodation in a bilingual setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028872"}
{"pmid": "1028889", "title": "Confidentiality of alcohol and drug abuse patient records, part II.", "content": "Confidentiality of alcohol and drug abuse patient records, part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028889"}
{"pmid": "1028891", "title": "Ethical norms of suicide prevention and crisis intervention.", "content": "Ethical norms of suicide prevention and crisis intervention. Life is not a so called highest value in itself--it is highest value as life subdued to the spirit, to the transcendence, as life 'in relation to'. Human existence is existence within history which means that it is vocational. If life is vocational it has an inborn eschatology. To commit suicide is to stop out of one's own history and eschatology, an act devoid of freedom. To help suicidals means: to give the suicidal person 'assistance to freedom', helping him to find his freedom which is also a freedom to suffer, to live, to believe, to gain confidence and to die when death overcomes us.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028891"}
{"pmid": "1028892", "title": "Theological reflections on suicide.", "content": "Theological reflections on suicide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028892"}
{"pmid": "1028890", "title": "Suicide and Islamic law.", "content": "Suicide and Islamic law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028890"}
{"pmid": "1028896", "title": "Some data on suicide and attempted suicide of the Jewish population in Israel.", "content": "Some data on suicide and attempted suicide of the Jewish population in Israel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028896"}
{"pmid": "1028897", "title": "Problems associated with culture contact in the psychotherapeutic setting: disparity of expectations between the western-trained therapist and the non-western patient.", "content": "Problems associated with culture contact in the psychotherapeutic setting: disparity of expectations between the western-trained therapist and the non-western patient. Observations made in this paper are based on work with a group of lower-class French-speaking North Africans receiving treatment at a Community Mental Health Centre in Jaffo. Experience with this group revealed a fundamental disparity between patients' and therapists' expectations from therapy. Patients generally expect tangible, quick relief and regard themselves as passive recipients of a procedure: therapists hope for some form of participation on the patients' part and view treatment as a slow process. Patients' expectations appeared to derive from basic features of their personalities. It is hypothesized that members of this group are 'psychologically undifferentiated': thus, among other things, they have poorly-developed identities, lack self-direction and stereotype themselves as subordinate beings, acted upon by authority figures. The present approach differs from the usual attitude adopted towards patients of this kind since it argues that it is possible to foster independence amongst them. It is proposed that this can be done only if the patient is regarded as an active participant in the therapeutic experience and if one uses the clinical situation as a fundamental learning experience. On a more general level, it is speculated that the observations and analysis presented here are not specific to the ethnic group dealt with, but are applicable to any disadvantaged lower-class group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028897"}
{"pmid": "1028898", "title": "Social sychiatric implications of population control in Thailand.", "content": "Social sychiatric implications of population control in Thailand. Several knowledge, attitude, and practice surveys in Thailand have shown that a majority of married women do not want more children because of the economic and physical difficulty of raising the children already born;  the ideal number of children was about 3.8.  However, population growth in Thailand is about 3.4% annually, one of the highest rates in Asia.  The findings that women, particularly younger women, are in favor of family planning is offset by lack of knowledge and fears of side effects.  The psychological approach to the prediction of contraceptive behavior, as studied at the Carolina Population Center, shows that, regardless of the method of measurement, intention always emerged with the highest coefficient in discriminating  contraceptive users from nonusers.  Emotional barriers have been considered 1 of the significant factors in contraceptive use, especially excessive dependency needs and passive-aggressive character.  Unwanted pregnancy can also contribute to poor mental health.  Since unregulated fertility, poverty, overpopulation, premarital pregnancy, and illegitimacy seriously impair mental health, contraceptive services should be considered a legitimate part of psychiatry and mental health personnel should  consider referrals for patients in need.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028898"}
{"pmid": "1028895", "title": "On suicide.", "content": "On suicide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028895"}
{"pmid": "1028894", "title": "Present status and evaluation of suicide prevention and crisis intervention services in Europe.", "content": "Present status and evaluation of suicide prevention and crisis intervention services in Europe. The present West-European suicide prevention and crisis intervention services are reviewed in the article, which also considers suicide prevention in the light of the literature, contains some critical remarks and puts forward certain suggestions for further development of the services concerned. It is concluded in the article that the present situation is not yet satisfactory as far as suicide prevention is concerned, nor is it likely today to be satisfactory in many countries in respect of crisis intervention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028894"}
{"pmid": "1028899", "title": "Social psychiatric implications of population control in Indonesia.", "content": "Social psychiatric implications of population control in Indonesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028899"}
{"pmid": "1028902", "title": "Residential schools as powerful environments.", "content": "Residential schools as powerful environments. This article attempts to make a preliminary classification of some of the theoretical material published in the last two decades which led to the emergence of a new area in educational research, that of residential education. This has come in response to the increasing frequency of placement in residential settings as a means of educating adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028902"}
{"pmid": "1028903", "title": "Student theatre as a means of promoting communication, self-development and creativity.", "content": "Student theatre as a means of promoting communication, self-development and creativity. In the process of producing plays in a student drama and theatre workshop at the Hebrew University of Jerusale, certain educational principles and techniques have been utilized. These principles appear to promote inter-group communication, as well as self-development and creativity and to provide a vital educational technique in the teaching of literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028903"}
{"pmid": "1028900", "title": "Socio-cultural modalities in population control.", "content": "Socio-cultural modalities in population control. Overpopulation with its identifiable and noxious results, is probably the most ominous and potentially destructive condition existing in current world society. The etiology of this problem includes the failure of mankind to develop compatible interrelationships between members of his own family, clan, society, and world population. The author predicts that all efforts to achieve world population control will be essentially ineffective unless the insights of the holistically oriented science of social psychiatry are refined into principles and rules which direct population control endeavors. This paper reviews the extent and severity of the problem and stresses the need for the operational implementation of the value systems and methodologies of social psychiatry. The author believes that effective population control is possible if the actions of world leaders are directed toward efforts to achieve satisfaction of the basic (Ur) needs of all individuals and groups for physical survival, socialization, and transcendence. In all societies it has been easier for richer than poorer people to implement population control measures whether these measures be abortion, foundling home placement, or more modern methods of contraception.  Population among the poor has been limited primarily by malnutrition, illness, and death.  This surplus of population among poor nations and poor people within a nation is a basic problem which must be considered by social psychiatry.  This phenomena is believed the result of lack of satisfaction of basic \"Ur\" needs - deep-seated needs for health and longevity, an equally deep desire for human friendships and alliances, and a search for significance.  If the society does not provide means for friendship and significance other than one's family, then large numbers of children will be born.  Until governments and concerned social scientists develop other forms for expression of these deep needs, overpopulation will be a problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028900"}
{"pmid": "1028901", "title": "Bad tidings and the hospitalized patient.", "content": "Bad tidings and the hospitalized patient. The physician in hospital practice may be faced with a situation in which a patient under his care suffers a bereavement or some other unexpected tragedy but is unaware of the fact. Three such cases encountered in the context of our psychiatric sonsultation service are presented. Factors influencing the decision as to whether, when and how the patient should be informed are considered. The complex psychodynamic situation which arises and involves the patient, his family  and the medical staff is described. Stress is laid on the role played by archaic fears of being the bearer of evil tidings. The situation is seen as being ideally handled by the direct treating physician in conjunction with the family, the extent of psychiatric intervention being dictated by the needs of each of the parties concerned. Ideally the patient should be told as soon as his physical and mental condition are seen as conducive and preferably before he leave hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028901"}
{"pmid": "1028893", "title": "Self-destruction and religion.", "content": "Self-destruction and religion. In this paper a brief analysis of the development of the Western world after the second world war is attempted. It is stated that since the start of the sixties, anomie can be perceived in many of the components of its socio-cultural complex, especially in some major areas like the economy and religion, deeply influencing the others. To test the assumption that Durkheim's anomie theory is still valid and offers an adequate frame of reference for research of the underlying phenomena, the outcome of a research on 9.189 completed suicides in the Netherlands during the period 1961--1970 is presented, giving force to the validity and usefulness of this theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028893"}
{"pmid": "1028904", "title": "Theatre and community: 'the Tent of Joseph'.", "content": "Theatre and community: 'the Tent of Joseph'. The rationale of community theatre is discussed and its mental health and social goals set forth; these are the mobilisation of creativity through the construction of an original community drama and, impelled by this and its performance, activity for community organisation. An original project in Israel and its first stages of implementation are reported and analysed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028904"}
{"pmid": "1028905", "title": "Growth and ultrastructure of Streptomyces venezuelae during chloramphenicol production.", "content": "Growth and ultrastructure of Streptomyces venezuelae during chloramphenicol production. Streptomyces venezuelae (3022a) was grown in flask cultures and fermentors, using three media having differential effects on chloramphenicol production. Micromorphology, ultrastructure and chloramphenicol concentrations were studied during the growth cycle in each medium. Chloramphenicol production was greatest in the glycerol-serine-lactate (GSL) medium, less in the glycerol-nutrient broth-yeast extract (GNY) medium and very low in glucose-mineral salts (GA) medium. In GSL and GA, much growth was in the form of microcolonies, especially in flask cultures, while short hyphal fragments predominated in GNY. The major ultrastructural features were the high frequency of mesosomes in fragmenting hyphae in GNY, and electron-transparent zones which appeared during chloramphenicol synthesis in GSL. None of the structural abnormalities induced by chloramphenicol in sensitive organisms were observed in S. venezuelae despite high levels of the antibiotic in GSL medium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028905"}
{"pmid": "1028906", "title": "Fatty acid profiles of Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10832 grown on synthetic mediun with sucrose, fructose or sorbitol.", "content": "Fatty acid profiles of Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10832 grown on synthetic mediun with sucrose, fructose or sorbitol. Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10832 was grown on synthetic medium in a chemostat, using various major carbon sources, viz, sorbitol, fructose and sucrose. Freeze-dried cells were methylated and the methyl esters analysed by GLC. The fatty acid profiles obtained showed small quantitative change with different sugars, sucrose concentrations and types of growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028906"}
{"pmid": "1028942", "title": "Centrally mediated idiopathic orthostatic hypotension. A case of Shy-Drager syndrome.", "content": "Centrally mediated idiopathic orthostatic hypotension. A case of Shy-Drager syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028942"}
{"pmid": "1028941", "title": "Electroencephalographic study of sleep in organic brain damage.", "content": "Electroencephalographic study of sleep in organic brain damage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028941"}
{"pmid": "1028940", "title": "The ventricular system in hydrocephalic chick brains induced by cyclophosphamide.", "content": "The ventricular system in hydrocephalic chick brains induced by cyclophosphamide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028940"}
{"pmid": "1028943", "title": "Intradural spinal lipoma.", "content": "Intradural spinal lipoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028943"}
{"pmid": "1028944", "title": "Ischemic myelopathy in aortic occlusive disease.", "content": "Ischemic myelopathy in aortic occlusive disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028944"}
{"pmid": "1028945", "title": "Choroid plexus carcinoma--a case report.", "content": "Choroid plexus carcinoma--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028945"}
{"pmid": "1028946", "title": "Early changes in the ultrastructure of the pars intermedia of the pituitary of Xenopus laevis after change of background color.", "content": "Early changes in the ultrastructure of the pars intermedia of the pituitary of Xenopus laevis after change of background color. Stereological analysis of the secretory cells of the pars intermedia of Xenopus laevis over a period of 3 days following the transfer of animals from a white to a black background has revealed that significant alterations in the ultrastructural appearance of these cells can be detected 8 h after the transfer. In particular, changes in the secretory granules and the rough endoplasmic reticulum were found to correlate well with previous reports concerning the melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) content and the capacity for protein synthesis of the pars intermedia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028946"}
{"pmid": "1028947", "title": "Comparison between hypothalamic, hippocampal and septal multiple unit activity and basal corticotropic function in unrestrained, unanesthetized resting pigeons.", "content": "Comparison between hypothalamic, hippocampal and septal multiple unit activity and basal corticotropic function in unrestrained, unanesthetized resting pigeons. Multiple unit activity (MUA) was obtained from various forebrain regions in unanesthetized, unrestrained resting pigeons throughout the whole photoperiod and compared with plasma corticosterone levels. The pattern of electrical activity recorded from the adrenocorticotropic area of the hypothalamus showed diurnal variations which paralleled the plasma corticosterone fluctuations during the 24 h photoperiod. Both parameters were low in the late afternoon and the evening and high in the early morning. Hypothalamic activation slightly preceded the peak o corticosteronemia. Conversely, in hippocampal (H) and septal (S) regions, the peak of MUA occurred in phase opposition with respect to the hypothalamic peak, and there was a marked decrease of firing rates at the moment when adrenocorticotropic activation was initiated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028947"}
{"pmid": "1028950", "title": "Autoradiographic localization of estradiol-concentrating cells in the female hamster brain.", "content": "Autoradiographic localization of estradiol-concentrating cells in the female hamster brain. Autoradiographic methods were used to study the location of estrogen-concentrating cells in the brain of the female hamster. In the hypothalamus, well-labelled cells were reliably found in the posterior medial preoptic area (MPOA), the anterior hypothalamus (AHA), and the ventromedial (VM), arcuate (ARC) and ventral premammillary nuclei (VPM). In the limbic system, well-labelled cells were found in the ventro-lateral septum, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the medial and cortical nuclei of the amygdala. Labelled cells, in small numbers, were also detected in the mesencephalic central gray (CG), lateral hypothalamus, subiculum and entorhinal cortex. The neuroanatomical pattern of estrogen-concentrating cells in the hamster supports the concept of a generalized vertebrate pattern. Furthermore, a comparison of hamster and rat patterns of cellular 3H-estradiol (3H-E2) concentration appears to suggest that species differences in their responsiveness to estrogen may be paralleled by differences in estrogen binding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028950"}
{"pmid": "1028948", "title": "Metyrapone inhibition of 3H-hydrocortisone uptake and binding in various brain regions of the pig.", "content": "Metyrapone inhibition of 3H-hydrocortisone uptake and binding in various brain regions of the pig. Metyrapone (MET) inhibition of hydrocortisone (3H-HC) uptake binding in the cytosol and nucleus of various brain regions of the pig was demonstrated in vivo. The hippocampus, hypothalamus and septum were the regions most sensitive to the inhibition by MET. The hippocampus exhibited the greatest reduction in 3H-HC concentration in whole homogenate, bound in cytosol and in nuclei. The anterior pituitary and cerebral cortex were the least sensitive to MET. In vitro incubation of hypothalami with 3H-HC and MET substantiated the results obtained in vivo with regard to the inhibitory action of MET on 3H-HC uptake and binding. These results were interpreted to indicate the MET may act directly in certain brain regions and that this inhibitory aciton has important implications for both experimental and clinical uses of this drug.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028948"}
{"pmid": "1028949", "title": "Production of weanling rat ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic syndromes by electrolytic lesions with platinum-iridium electrodes.", "content": "Production of weanling rat ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic syndromes by electrolytic lesions with platinum-iridium electrodes. Weanling Sprague-Dawley rats received bilateral anodic electrolytic lesions with platinum-iridium (PtIr) electrodes in the ventromedial (VMN) and dorsomedial (DMN) hypothalamic areas. Sham-operated rats served as controls. The rats were maintained for 48 days (experiment 1) and 33 days (experiment 2) and food intake, body weight (b.w.), nose-tail length and obesity index were recorded. The data of both experiments indicate that all parameters change in the same direction, as they do when lesions are produced with anodic stainless steel electrodes: in the VMN-P-lesioned animals, b.w. gains and overall mean food intake were normal, carcass fat increased and linear growth was reduced. In experiment 2, however, there was a temporary hyperphagia during the 1st 2 weeks of the study. In the DMN-lesioned rats, both ponderal and linear growth and food intake were decreased but body composition was normal. Plasma obtained at sacrifice in experiment 2 showed slight but significant hyperinsulinemia in the VMN rats (p less than 0.02 vs control and p less than 0.05 vs DMN rats). Prolactin (PRL) levels, on the other hand, were higher in the DMN-lesioned rats (p less than 0.05 vs control and p less than 0.02 vs VMN rats). The data indicate that the changes characteristic of the weanling rat VMN and DMN syndrmes are due to 'true' tissue destruction rather than to artifactitious side effects of the lesions. They also suggest, therefore, than an 'irritative focus' hypothesis is not required to account for the observed alterations. They further suggest that the DMN may play role in the control of PRL release.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028949"}
{"pmid": "1028952", "title": "Effect of ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions on circadian corticosterone rhythms.", "content": "Effect of ventromedial and dorsomedial hypothalamic lesions on circadian corticosterone rhythms. Weanling rats received bilateral electrolytic lesions in the dorsomedial (DMH) or ventromedial (VMH) hypothalamic areas destroying primarily the dorsomedial (DMN) or ventromedial (VMN) hypothalamic nuclei. Sham-operated rats served as controls. Lesions in the VMN and DMN, both of which have previously been shown to disrupt normal diurnal feeding rhythms, were also observed to disrupt normal plasma corticosterone rhythms in the present study. The a.m. values of plasma corticosterone in the DMN-lesioned rats were higher than the sham-operated controls. In the p.m., the values of both VMN- and DMN-lesioned rats were lower than those of the controls but unchanged in comparison to their own a.m. concentrations. This disruption of the normal diurnal plasma corticosterone rhythm persisted for at least 9 post-operative weeks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028952"}
{"pmid": "1028953", "title": "Ovarian control of gonadotropin secretion during induced precocious sexual maturation in the rat.", "content": "Ovarian control of gonadotropin secretion during induced precocious sexual maturation in the rat. In sexually immature female rats 'primed' with a unilateral basal hypothalamic lesion on day 23 of life, a gonadotropin surge was triggered by progesterone (P) on day 26. The influence of sequential ovariectomy (OVX) on this response was studied in an attempt to elucidate the mode of action of brain lesions inducing precocious sexual maturation in this species. OVX, carried out on days 23-26, abolished or greatly reduced the LH surge, but had little effect on basal LH concentrations. In contrast, basal FSH concentrations rose rapidly after OVX. In lesioned rats, the post-castration rise of FSH could be prevented by leaving the ovaries in place during the 1st 24 or 48 h. It is concluded that the lesion-induced maturation of the positive feedback mechanism underlying the pubertal preovulatory gonadotropin surge is mediated by the ovaries. In prepubertal rats at this age, tonic FSH release, but not tonic LH release, is under tight negative feedback control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028953"}
{"pmid": "1028954", "title": "Effects of continuous light and darkness, and of pinealectomy, adrenalectomy and gonadectomy on uptake of 3H-serotonin by the suprachiasmatic nuclear region of male rats.", "content": "Effects of continuous light and darkness, and of pinealectomy, adrenalectomy and gonadectomy on uptake of 3H-serotonin by the suprachiasmatic nuclear region of male rats. Rats exposed to continuous light show no significant differences in serotonin (5-HT) uptake by the suprachiasmatic nuclear region (SNR) at 10.00 and 22.00 L, while in continuous darkness, the uptake at 10.00 D is significantly higher than uptake at 22.00 D. In consideration of the role of the suprachiasmatic nucleus in light-mediated control of neuroendocrine activity, this suggests endogenous generation or control of this uptake rhythm. An effect of sham-pinealectomy in decreasing 5-HT uptake was found, but cannot be fully interpreted at this time. The lack of effect of castration or adrenalectomy suggests that these endocrines have little if any direct effect on 5-HT mechanisms in the SNR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028954"}
{"pmid": "1028951", "title": "Selective actions of prolactin on catecholamine turnover in the hypothalamus and on serum LH and FSH.", "content": "Selective actions of prolactin on catecholamine turnover in the hypothalamus and on serum LH and FSH. The effects of prolactin (PRL) administration on catecholamine turnover in various brain regions of ovariectomized rats were determined by observing the decline of dopamine and norepinephrine concentrations after alpha-methyltyrosine (alphaMT) administration. PRL had no effect on the steady state concentration of dopamine in the median eminence, anterior hypothalamus and corpus striatum or on the norepinephrine concentration in the anterior hypothalamus. However, PRL selectively enhanced dopamine turnover in the median eminence and anterior hypothalamus after a latent period of 10-26 h. In addition, PRL administration significantly decreased serum concentrations of LH and FSH. These results suggest that the PRL-induced increase in activity of dopaminergic neurons in the median eminence or anterior hypothalamus may be responsible for the reduction of the post-castration rise in serum concentrations of LH and FSH.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028951"}
{"pmid": "1028956", "title": "Increase in 3H-estradiol binding in brain and pituitary with time after gonadectomy in adult male and female rats.", "content": "Increase in 3H-estradiol binding in brain and pituitary with time after gonadectomy in adult male and female rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028956"}
{"pmid": "1028957", "title": "Influence of dopaminergic agonists and antagonists on serum prolactin concentrations in the rat.", "content": "Influence of dopaminergic agonists and antagonists on serum prolactin concentrations in the rat. Inhibitors of dopaminergic neurotransmission, such as reserpine (RES), given alone or combined with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-MpT)or Ro 4-4602, as well as haloperidol (HAL) and sulpiride (SUL), induced highly elevated serum prolactin (Prl) concentrations in intact rats. In contrast, the dopaminergic agonists apomorphine (APO), lisuride hydrogen meleate (LHM), D-amphetamine (AMPH), piribedil and L-dopa greatly lowered the high serum Prl concentrations in female rats induced by i.p. pretreatment with 2 mg/kg RES. Additional inhibition of catecholamine synthesis in RES-treated animals by alpha-MpT abolished the effect of AMPH, which indicates that the effect of this compound is mediated through newly synthesized dopamine (DA), while the effect of APO and LHM remained unchanged. Inhibition of dopa decarboxylation by Ro 4-4602 within the whole body abolished the effect of L-dopa, while lower dosages of Ro 4-4602, which do not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, had less effect. The noradrenergic receptor-stimulating agent clonidine (CLON) had no Prl-lowering effect in RES-treated female rats. In hypophysectomized rats bearing 4 pituitaries transplanted under the kidney capsule, APO and LSM still lowered serum Prl concentrations, while AMPH had no effect; SUL produced a strong increase. These results support the hypothesis that DA has a dominant role as an inhibitor of Prl secretion by acting itself as the Prl inhibiting factor (PIF) on dopaminergic receptors located within the pituitary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028957"}
{"pmid": "1028955", "title": "Further studies on the effects of adrenergic, serotonergic and cholinergic drugs on the afternoon surge of plasma prolactin in ovariectomized, estrogen-treated rats.", "content": "Further studies on the effects of adrenergic, serotonergic and cholinergic drugs on the afternoon surge of plasma prolactin in ovariectomized, estrogen-treated rats. The involvement of adrenergic, serotonergic and cholinergic mechanisms in the diurnal surge of plasma prolactin (Prl) secretion has been examined using ovariectomized, polyestradiol phosphate-treated (PEP) rats bearing aortic catheters. An afternoon surge in plasma Prl was observed to peak at 15.00 h and 17.00 h followed by declining levels at 19.00 and 21.00 h. This pattern was observed between 5 and 21 days after PEP administration. The alpha-adrenergic blocker, phenoxybenzamine (Phenox), completely prevented the Prl surge. The beta-blocker, propranolol (Propra), appeared to delay the onset and intensity of the diurnal Prl surge so that maximum levels were observed at 19.00 and 21.00 h. The serotonergic blocker, methysergide (MES), delayed the maximum diurnal Prl level until 21.00 h, while cyproheptadine (Cypro), another serotonergic blocker, significantly inhibited the surge. The muscarinic cholinergic agonist, arecoline (Arec), when administered at 12.00 h, delayed the surge, while the repeated administration of Arec completely blocked the surge. Atropine (Atro) (10 m/kg at 12.00 h and 5 mg/kg every 2 h thereafter) did not have any effect on the Prl surge, but when administered simultaneously with Arec, prevented the inhibitory effect of Arec on Prl release. The data suggested that the adrenergic and serotonergic systems have a positive input in the occurrence and magnitude of the surge and that the cholinergic system does not appear to have a physiologic role in tonically inhibiting Prl release, but may function under certain special conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028955"}
{"pmid": "1028959", "title": "Conference of Deans and Principals of Medical Colleges in India, held on April 23-24, 1976 at New Delhi: Post-concluding session: medical research in medical colleges.", "content": "Conference of Deans and Principals of Medical Colleges in India, held on April 23-24, 1976 at New Delhi: Post-concluding session: medical research in medical colleges.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028959"}
{"pmid": "1028958", "title": "Conference of Deans and Principals of Medical Colleges in India, held on April 23-24, 1976 at New Delhi: Summary report of the proceedings.", "content": "Conference of Deans and Principals of Medical Colleges in India, held on April 23-24, 1976 at New Delhi: Summary report of the proceedings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028958"}
{"pmid": "1028960", "title": "Health services of Sri Lanka.", "content": "Health services of Sri Lanka.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028960"}
{"pmid": "1028964", "title": "Conference of Deans and Principals of Medical Colleges in India, held on April 23-24, 1976 at New Delhi: Introduction.", "content": "Conference of Deans and Principals of Medical Colleges in India, held on April 23-24, 1976 at New Delhi: Introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028964"}
{"pmid": "1028963", "title": "National population policy.", "content": "National population policy. Dr. Singh emphasized that the Indian government realized radical measures were necessary to control the country's staggering population explosion.  With only 2.4% of the world's area, it has 15% of the world's population, increasing at a rate of over 1 million/month.  Suggested measures include raising the age of marriage, freezing state representation until 2001 to increase the states' interest in population problems, increasing female literacy, increasing monetary compensation for voluntary sterilization, providing group incentives, using voluntary organizations, and generally changing the urban elitist approach of the past into more imaginative rural-oriented attitudes.  States with adequate facilities could institute compulsory sterilization after 3 children, uniformly applicable to state citizens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028963"}
{"pmid": "1028962", "title": "A study of managerial style of the district family planning administrators.", "content": "A study of managerial style of the district family planning administrators. In 1973-74, NIHAE, an organization established primarily to improve the general administration of health services by imparting inservice training in modern management concepts and techniques to senior health administrators in India, conducted a study to determine the training needs of district level family planning administrators, according to their actual managerial roles and functions and the problems and difficulties they face.  331 district family planning officials were mailed a Blake and Mouton grid questionnaire.  5 major styles located in the 4 corners and the mix point of the grid have been used as the representative managerial styles of 5 major sets of underlying assumptions.  The distribution of district family planning administrators in 1973 is based upon a pooled estimate of around 286 of the 331 district family planning officers.  Their managerial styles are as follows: 44.2% of the respondents revealed a managerial style that shows a high potential for team management and the ability to generate a climate of mutual interdependence, trust and confidence by integrating organizational purpose with the creation of sound and healthy human relationships;  2) 29.6% showed a style that focuses on the needs of people in an attempt to maintain interpersonal relationships leading to a friendly organizational climate and work tempo;  3) 10.7% represented the task management approach, showing primary concern for performance;  4) 12.2% strove to strike a balance between concern for performance and the human element;  and 5) 5.4% of the managers showed a lack of concern for either task performance or human relationships.  Although around 50% of the district family planning officers revealed managerial potential, the study findings indicate that individual respondents were dispersed in all the 5 typical styles, irrespective of age.  However, the organizational pressures in existing State Health Administrations were by and large tending to make the officers resort to levels of managerial style which failed to reflect their true potentials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028962"}
{"pmid": "1028965", "title": "Job characteristic relationships: individual and structural moderators.", "content": "Job characteristic relationships: individual and structural moderators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028965"}
{"pmid": "1028961", "title": "Review of NMEP in India.", "content": "Review of NMEP in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028961"}
{"pmid": "1028995", "title": "The American Dental Association stance toward expanded duty dental auxiliaries.", "content": "The American Dental Association stance toward expanded duty dental auxiliaries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028995"}
{"pmid": "1028994", "title": "A health policy, anyone? or What this country needs is a market health risk equity plan!", "content": "A health policy, anyone? or What this country needs is a market health risk equity plan!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028994"}
{"pmid": "1028999", "title": "Serial nerve conduction studies in patients with maturity onset diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Serial nerve conduction studies in patients with maturity onset diabetes mellitus. Serial study of peripheral nerve conduction in 18 patients with recently diagnosed maturity onset diabetes mellitus during a period of treatment of hyperglycaemia for 21/2 years showed improvement in motor conduction progressive increase in mixed nerve conduction velocity, but at the same time progressive fall of amplitude of sensory nerve action potentials. It is argued that two independent metabolic processes may underlie peripheral nerve dysfunction in these patients, only one of which is benefically affected by control of hyperglycaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028999"}
{"pmid": "1028997", "title": "Electrophysiological and pathological studies in spinocerebellar degenerations.", "content": "Electrophysiological and pathological studies in spinocerebellar degenerations. Electrophysiological and pathological studies have been performed on the peripheral nerves of patients with spinocerebellar degenerations. In Friedreich's ataxia there is impairment of sensory conduction and mild slowing of motor conduction which may be correlated with loss of large diameter fibres in the sural nerve. The abnormalities in Friedreich's ataxia are present early, in the first decade. In hereditary spastic paraparesis the nerve conduction studies and sural nerve biopsy are normal. In the other spinocerebellar degeneration and a mild loss of myelinated fibres in the sural nerve. However the abnormalities differ from those seen in Friedreich's ataxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028997"}
{"pmid": "1029000", "title": "Performance changes during recovery from closed head unjury.", "content": "Performance changes during recovery from closed head unjury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029000"}
{"pmid": "1028998", "title": "The use of clonazepam in the treatment of tic douloureux (a preliminary report).", "content": "The use of clonazepam in the treatment of tic douloureux (a preliminary report). Results are reported of a preliminary trial with clonazepam in 19 patients with trigeminal neuralgia refractory to carbamazepine treatment. In this series of patients, 13 (68.4%) showed excellent or good improvement. No serious side-effects were seen. The pharmacology and mechanism of action of clonazepam are discussed. It is suggested that patients with trigeminal neuralgia, who do not respond to carbamazepine, should be given clonazepam before surgery is considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028998"}
{"pmid": "1028996", "title": "Progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg syndrome).", "content": "Progressive facial hemiatrophy (Parry-Romberg syndrome). Three cases of progressive facial hemiatrophy are presented. In all three cases there is evidence of localised scleroderma or morphea in association with the facial hemiatrophy. This would seem to support the contention that the two disorders are closely related. In two cases, ocular complications are prominent and in one Raynaud's phenomena provide clear asymmetrical dilatation of the lateral ventricle suggest that there may be a central rather than a peripheral cause for the sympathetic overactivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1028996"}
{"pmid": "1029003", "title": "Computerized axial tomography for intracranial diagnosis.", "content": "Computerized axial tomography for intracranial diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029003"}
{"pmid": "1029002", "title": "Evoked potential studies in neurological disorders.", "content": "Evoked potential studies in neurological disorders. Techniques for recording and analysing visual and somatosensory evoked reponses using an on-line PDP 11/40 computer have been developed and applied to a group of subjects with established or suspected multiple sclerosis as well as to patients with a variety of other lesions of the visual pathways, myoclonic epilepsy and functional neurological deficits. The most consistent responses were obtained using the pattern reversal visual evoked response and the spinal somatosensory evoked response, abnormal responses being found with both techniques in a significant number of patients with suspected demyelinating disease even in the absence of symptoms or signs referable to the visual or somatosensory pathways. The complementary role of these techniques in the detection of sub-clinical abnormalities of conduction in sensory pathways in patients with suspected MS is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029002"}
{"pmid": "1029001", "title": "The continual administration of neostigmine and the neuromuscular junction.", "content": "The continual administration of neostigmine and the neuromuscular junction. The effect of continual administration of neostigmine on the neuromuscular junction of the rat diaphragm was examined by determining the number of quanta of acetylcholine released by each nerve impulse, the effect of differing repetition rats on quantal release and the amplitude and frequency of miniature end-plate potentials. The number of quanta of acetylcholine released at a nerve impulse repetition rate of 1/sec was reduced to 51% of normal in treated animals. The reduction was greater at faster repetition rates. The amplitude of miniature end-plate potentials was reduced to 75% of normal. This reduction appears to be due to blocking of receptor sites rather than the reduction in the amount of acetylcholine in each quantum. The frequency of spontaneous miniature end-plate potentials was reduced in treated animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029001"}
{"pmid": "1029004", "title": "Hereditary hypertrophic neuropathy in the Trembler mouse: electrophysiological studies.", "content": "Hereditary hypertrophic neuropathy in the Trembler mouse: electrophysiological studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029004"}
{"pmid": "1029006", "title": "Three cases of post traumatic vascular headache treated by surgery.", "content": "Three cases of post traumatic vascular headache treated by surgery. Three cases are reported of vascular headache following trauma and which failed to respond adequately to standard therapy for migraine. In each case the effect of ligation of the arteries involved has been dramatic, with complete and lasting relief in two cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029006"}
{"pmid": "1029005", "title": "Computerized axial tomography findings in a group of patients with migrainous headaches.", "content": "Computerized axial tomography findings in a group of patients with migrainous headaches. Computerized axial tomography of the cranium has been carried out in 46 patients referred because recurring migrainous headaches. Increasing frequency or severity of headaches or a change in headache pattern were the usual reasons for referral. Abnormalities were found in 37 cases and fell into 4 categories. The most frequent (21 cases) consisted of a mild degree of oedema in the white matter of one or both cerebral hemispheres. This was usually bi-frontal (15 patients) but was more extensive in 2 patients. Varying degrees of cerebral atrophy, as determined by widening of the Sylvian, brain-stem and interhemispheric cisterns, and/or widening of the third and lateral ventricles as compared to a group of normal scans, was found in 8 cases. Areas of occipital infarction were found in 4 patients with permanent visual field defects. Unexpected small areas of infarction were found in the temporal lobe in 2 other cases. Cerebral tumours were found in 2 cases. The significance of these findings is discussed, as well as the possible role of migrainous vaso-spasm with consequent changes in cerebral blood flow in the pathogenesis of oedema and atrophy in migraine subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029005"}
{"pmid": "1029008", "title": "Epilepsy and driving.", "content": "Epilepsy and driving. 205 actual and potential drivers suffering from epilepsy were examined over a period of nine years in Tasmania under a State scheme whereby all such persons are referred to one neurologist. In Tasmania 0.3% of all road traffic accidents were due to epilepsy. 16% of the total who had had an accident had failed to disclose their disability and another 10% who were non-accident cases had similarly concealed their epilepsy. Only about 28% of the expected number (per year) of new cases of epilepsy in drivers disclose their complaint. Alcohol was a significant association with epilepsy in just over 8%. Medication should continue for at least three consecutive fit-free years and preferable five years. Only two out of 170 drivers approved to drive had a subsequent accident due to epilepsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029008"}
{"pmid": "1029007", "title": "A unique case of derangement of vitamin B12 metabolism.", "content": "A unique case of derangement of vitamin B12 metabolism. The case is described of a child, age 6 1/2 years, with retarded mental development, mild neurological signs and abnormal metabolism of sulphur-containing amino acids and methylmalonate, due to an inborn error in the formation of vitamin B12 coenzymes. The patient was treated for almost three years with hydroxycobalamin, folic acid, pyridoxine and choline. Though physical growth was normal, she continued to demonstrate a moderate degree of mental retardation. A brother of the patient died at the age of 5 years, probably of a similar, but undiagnosed, disorder. As far as we are aware there are only four other reported cases similar to the case described here. Two of these patients died and in other other two the defect was so mild that no treatment was necessary and who, in fact, showed appreciable improvement during the follow-up period, which to date amounts to 3 years and 3 months. For reasons detailed in the discussion, it is suggested that the diagnosis of homocystinuria is not complete until studies of folate and vitamin B12 metabolism are undertaken at the same time, so as to identify the metabolic defect(s) responsible for the condition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029007"}
{"pmid": "1029009", "title": "Pattern visual evoked potentials in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and other disorders.", "content": "Pattern visual evoked potentials in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and other disorders. The diagnostic value of pattern visual evoked potentials has been assessed in a pilot study of 22 patients with proven or suspected multiple sclerosis. Of 7 patients satisfying McAlpin's criteria for diagnosing definite multiple sclerosis, 6 had delayed potentials. Four of 5 patients with probable multiple sclerosis, and 5 of 10 patients with possible multiple sclerosis, had delayed potentials. Ten patients with delayed potentials had no history of optic neuritis. Changes in the evoked potential with other neurological conditions that may affect the visual system are also described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029009"}
{"pmid": "1029012", "title": "The effects of phenobarbitone dose on plasma phenobarbitone levels in epileptic patients.", "content": "The effects of phenobarbitone dose on plasma phenobarbitone levels in epileptic patients. The relation between plasma phenobarbitone level and phenobarbitone dose was studied in 121 patients. The relation changed with age, the dosage requirement (on a day weight basis) tending to fall as patients grew older. Males under 5 years had a higher dosage requirement than females of the same age, but otherwise sex did not affect the relationship, nor did the concurrent intake of the anticonvulsants phenytoin, carbamazepine or sulthiame. In the individual, plasma phenobarbitone levels tended to increase out of proportion of dosage increases. These findings can provide a basis for prescribing appropriate phenobarbitone doses in epileptics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029012"}
{"pmid": "1029011", "title": "An animal model for the study of drugs in the central nervous system.", "content": "An animal model for the study of drugs in the central nervous system. An animal model which allowed repetitive sampling of CSF is described. It had a wide potential application and was used to study the passage of clonazepam into the central nervous system. A highly sensitive clonazepam assay is described which allow measurement of CSF and free serum concentrations as low as 0.5 ng/ml. Clonazepam passed rapidly into the central nervous system and its CSF concentration closely approximated to the concentration of unbound clonazepam in serum. Protein binding of clonzaepam in the sheep was 90-95%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029011"}
{"pmid": "1029014", "title": "de Broglie waves in amoeboid motility.", "content": "de Broglie waves in amoeboid motility. The de Broglie wave equation has been applied to the study of amoeboid motility. This leads to precise predictions of wavelengths displayed by the cellular membrane during motility. Motile amoeba are compared to non-biological systems showing de Broglie wave behavior, and three simple experiments are suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029014"}
{"pmid": "1029010", "title": "Some aspects of tuberculous meningitis in Surabaya.", "content": "Some aspects of tuberculous meningitis in Surabaya. Eighty tuberculous meningitis patients who were seen in the neurological clinics in Surabaya between the January 1971 and January 1975 were asked to cooperate in a double blind clinical trial. One group was given isoniazid, streptomycin and p-aminosalicylic acid, the other group was given isioniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and a protease. The outcome after the treatment with isoniazid, rifampicin and ethambutol was significantly better than that with isoniazed, streptomycin and p-aminosalicylic acid. The clinical and laboratory symptoms and signs are reviewed in detail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029010"}
{"pmid": "1029013", "title": "On the visual disturbances associated with massive basal aneurysms.", "content": "On the visual disturbances associated with massive basal aneurysms. When massive basal aneurysms compromise the anterior visual pathways the resulting disturbances of vision are diverse and a firm clinical diagnosis is difficult. Because of the rarity of the condition, a critical analysis of the visual defects was made in five personally studied patients with large anterior basal aneurysms in an effort to clarify the clinical features of the disorder. These observations were related to those reported in larger series of patients by Jefferson and Bull. This study gives support to the opinion that the commonest visual defect seen with massive basal aneurysms is impairment of visual acuity, followed next in frequency by bitemporal hemianopia, and then by junction scotoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029013"}
{"pmid": "1029015", "title": "Chemiluminescence of cigarette smoke.", "content": "Chemiluminescence of cigarette smoke. Chemiluminescence from cigarette smoke (aerosol) and smoke \"extracts\" (suspensoids) are described. The emissons from aqueous and organic suspensoids persist for hours, are proportional to oxygen solubilities, possess energy of at least 1.8 electron volts, and display characteristics which suggest that the emissions may be partially sensitized by singlet oxygen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029015"}
{"pmid": "1029016", "title": "Normalization of the diabetic syndrome in hereditary diabetic mice by PGBx, a polymeric derivative of prostaglandin B.", "content": "Normalization of the diabetic syndrome in hereditary diabetic mice by PGBx, a polymeric derivative of prostaglandin B.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029016"}
{"pmid": "1029017", "title": "Bone lipids of marine fishes.", "content": "Bone lipids of marine fishes. Assessment of candidates for investigation of bone lipid metabolism yielded the following findings. (1) A tropical marine butterflyfish, Chaetodon ornatissimus, had oil-filled bones (66-80% lipid, percent dry weight) hence may be a suitable condidate. (2) The tropical marine fishes Exallias brevis, Pomacentrus jenkensi, and Chromus agilis, and a Canadian fish Sebastes ruberrimus, had intermediate quantities of oil in their bones (12-49% lipid). (3) In all the foregoing species the major bone lipid was triglyceride, usually more abundant in skull than spine. Sterol and phospholipid were also present. (4) The major fatty acids of the triglycerides (and phospholipids) were 16:0, 18:0, 18:1, and C20, C22 acids. Those acids were dominated by 20:4, 20:5, 22:5, and 22:6. (5) There was more total unsaturation in the bone lipids of S. ruberrimus (from 10 degrees C water; 67-72% unsaturation) compared to the tropical fish (from 25 degrees C water; 32-67% unsaturation) with the exception of E. brevis. (6) One of the tropical species (Arothron meleagris) and a Canadian Chimaeran (Hydrolagus colliei) contained only 1-3% lipid in their bones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029017"}
{"pmid": "1029018", "title": "Models for biological ion exchangers. II. Solvent selectivity in DMSO-water-Dowex 50W.", "content": "Models for biological ion exchangers. II. Solvent selectivity in DMSO-water-Dowex 50W. Dimethylsulfoxide-water-Dowex 50W-X8 systems are characterized by measurements of solvent selectively and proton magnetic resonance spectra. The H+-, Li+-, NH4+-, NHe4+-, NBu4+-, Mg2+-, Zn2+-, and La3+- forms are studied over a wide range of binary-solvent mole fractions. The relative selectivities for water by the ion exchanger, based on an integrated Kipling parameter, are Zn2+-form (reference) --1.00, Mg2+ --0.43, La3+ --0.38, Li+ +0.17, NMe4+ 0.20, NH4+ 0.31, NBU4+ 0.33, and H+ 0.68, the polyvalent counterions preferring DMSO. All of the ionic forms except the NH4+-form exhibit over much of the mole fraction range separations between the external water and the internal water peaks exceeding 50 Hz, the magnitude of the separation varying with the counter-ion. Comparison of results is facilitated by maintaining a constant ratio between the total number of moles of solvent and the number of equivalents of ions exchanger.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029018"}
{"pmid": "1029019", "title": "Studies on a patient with iminopeptiduria. I. Identification of urinary iminopeptides.", "content": "Studies on a patient with iminopeptiduria. I. Identification of urinary iminopeptides. A patient suffering from recurrent ulcers on the legs was found to excrete large amounts of iminodipeptides in the urine. Among the iminodipeptides excreted, Glu-Hyp, Asp-Pro, Glu-Pro, Leu-Hyp, Gly-Pro, Thr-Pro, Ser-Pro, Ala-Pro, Val-Pro, Ile-Pro, Leu-Pro, and Phe-Pro were identified and their quantities estimated. Some of the iminopeptides had to be synthesized for purposes of identification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029019"}
{"pmid": "1029020", "title": "The role of product release in enzyme catalysis.", "content": "The role of product release in enzyme catalysis. Conceptual definitions of maximal velocity and the Michaelis constant are provided that do not involve the assumption of any rate-determining step. The experimental basis of those definitions is a combination of pre-steady state and steady state kinetic observations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029020"}
{"pmid": "1029021", "title": "Experimental evidence for high-temperature organic fractional superconduction in cholates.", "content": "Experimental evidence for high-temperature organic fractional superconduction in cholates. Experimental data are presented indicating that six organic compounds (homologous cholates) possess properties associated with high-temperature superconductivity. From magnetic and electrical measurements it is deduced that behavior resembling superconductivity occurs below characteristic transition temperatures in small domains included in the insulating bulk of the sample material, which is therefore designated a fractional o Type III superconductor. The six cholates exhibit this superconductivity below transition temperatures ranging from approximately 7.5 degrees K for sodium dioxycholate to 277 degrees K for sodium cholanate. It has been further established that the diamagnetic shifts with temperature cannot be attributed to ferrielectric, ferroelectric, or capacitive effects. Below the transition temperatures the cholates behave like perfect diamagnets, susceptible to forceful repulsion by a moderate magnetic field. Observed in a sensitive susceptometer, magnetic flux trapped in the material gave rise to a 3% remnant magnetic moment. Studied in particular detail were sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate, and lithocholic acid, which showed transition temperatures of 30 degrees K, 60 degrees K, and 130 degrees K respectively. The hydrophobic property of the closed four-ring structure (R-group) common to the cholates, along with the hydrophilic property of the carboxylate group (S-group), are responsible for domain formation. Because of those properties, clustering of the S-groups occurs when traces of water are introduced into the material. When followed by slow desiccation, the clusters form the micelles constituting the superconducting domains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029021"}
{"pmid": "1029022", "title": "Protection against toxic effects of formaldehyde in vitro, and of methanol or formaldehyde in vivo, by subsequent administration of SH reagents.", "content": "Protection against toxic effects of formaldehyde in vitro, and of methanol or formaldehyde in vivo, by subsequent administration of SH reagents. Rapid and progressive inactivation in vitro of both alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase by low concentrations of acetaldehyde or formaldehyde is illustrated. This inactivation can be prevented or reversed by glutathione or other SH reagents. Those effects led to investigations in vivo. Rats and mice were injected with concentrations that would result in death in approximately 10 h (methanol) and approximately 4 h (formaldehyde). When 2,3-dimercaptopropanol (BAL), cysteine, or mercaptoethanol was injected (10 min to 3 h) after administration of methanol or formaldehyde, approximately 70% of the animals survived indefinitely; the remaining 30% showed substantial increase in survival time. The findings indicate the possibility of using reagents such as BAL for human therapy and suggest that the toxicity of methanol and formaldehyde is due in part to effects other than acidosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029022"}
{"pmid": "1029023", "title": "Chromatin hyperchromicity in chickens with muscular dystrophy.", "content": "Chromatin hyperchromicity in chickens with muscular dystrophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029023"}
{"pmid": "1029024", "title": "The policy implications of predictive decision-making: \"likelihood\" and \"dangerousness\" in civil commitment proceedings.", "content": "The policy implications of predictive decision-making: \"likelihood\" and \"dangerousness\" in civil commitment proceedings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029024"}
{"pmid": "1029037", "title": "Independent health insurance plans in 1974.", "content": "Independent health insurance plans in 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029037"}
{"pmid": "1029038", "title": "When crises get the upper hand.", "content": "When crises get the upper hand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029038"}
{"pmid": "1029040", "title": "Departmental design.", "content": "Departmental design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029040"}
{"pmid": "1029039", "title": "Home care for pediatric respiratory patients.", "content": "Home care for pediatric respiratory patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029039"}
{"pmid": "1029041", "title": "Use of a programmable calculator in blood-gas and acid-base determinations.", "content": "Use of a programmable calculator in blood-gas and acid-base determinations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029041"}
{"pmid": "1029042", "title": "Credentialing controversy.", "content": "Credentialing controversy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029042"}
{"pmid": "1029044", "title": "Credentialing controversy.", "content": "Credentialing controversy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029044"}
{"pmid": "1029045", "title": "Credentialing controversy.", "content": "Credentialing controversy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029045"}
{"pmid": "1029043", "title": "Involvement versus detachment.", "content": "Involvement versus detachment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029043"}
{"pmid": "1029052", "title": "Epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. A study of neutralising antibodies.", "content": "Epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. A study of neutralising antibodies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029052"}
{"pmid": "1029053", "title": "Corneal changes in endemic trachoma.", "content": "Corneal changes in endemic trachoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029053"}
{"pmid": "1029047", "title": "Shared services in education for the small community hospital. Part I.", "content": "Shared services in education for the small community hospital. Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029047"}
{"pmid": "1029054", "title": "Eye-health care (clearing-up terminology).", "content": "Eye-health care (clearing-up terminology).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029054"}
{"pmid": "1029055", "title": "Trachoma - a public health problem.", "content": "Trachoma - a public health problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029055"}
{"pmid": "1029057", "title": "Th reaction of the trachomatous eye to intraocular surgery.", "content": "Th reaction of the trachomatous eye to intraocular surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029057"}
{"pmid": "1029056", "title": "Trachoma - a public health problem.", "content": "Trachoma - a public health problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029056"}
{"pmid": "1029050", "title": "Parent participation in the care of high-risk infants.", "content": "Parent participation in the care of high-risk infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029050"}
{"pmid": "1029049", "title": "Treating the suicidal patient: a psychologist's view. Part II.", "content": "Treating the suicidal patient: a psychologist's view. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029049"}
{"pmid": "1029046", "title": "Evolution of improved capabilities in spirometric test equipment.", "content": "Evolution of improved capabilities in spirometric test equipment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029046"}
{"pmid": "1029048", "title": "A managerial view of the four-day week.", "content": "A managerial view of the four-day week.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029048"}
{"pmid": "1029051", "title": "The pharmacokinetics of oxygen administration.", "content": "The pharmacokinetics of oxygen administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029051"}
{"pmid": "1029064", "title": "Morphometric study of the diploid karyotype of the crested newt, Triturus cristatus carnifex (Laur.)", "content": "Morphometric study of the diploid karyotype of the crested newt, Triturus cristatus carnifex (Laur.)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029064"}
{"pmid": "1029073", "title": "Human psychophysical analysis of receptive field-like properties. I. A new transient-like visual response using a moving windmill (Werblin-type) target.", "content": "Human psychophysical analysis of receptive field-like properties. I. A new transient-like visual response using a moving windmill (Werblin-type) target. A human transient-like visual response has been revealed psychophysically with a rotating windmill target, similar to that used by Werblin in his recent studies of the retina of Necturus. The windmill pattern evoked complex perceptual phenomena (important in and of themselves) which were minimized by using a high luminance for the \"criterion\" flashing test field (relative to its increment threshold), and by moving the four-vaned windmill pattern at a rate of two complete revolutions per second. The transient response, herein defined as the difference in threshold between the stationary and moving windmill conditions, was greatest when the windmill vanes fell completely within the sensitization (inhibition-like) portion of the Westheimer function determined at the same retinal locus. The test has been developed so that it may be readily adapted to available clinical equipment for future diagnostic purposes .", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029073"}
{"pmid": "1029065", "title": "Identification and isolation of a thrombocytopoietic thymic factor.", "content": "Identification and isolation of a thrombocytopoietic thymic factor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029065"}
{"pmid": "1029074", "title": "Areal and temporal summation in the thermal reaction time.", "content": "Areal and temporal summation in the thermal reaction time. It has previously been shown that the reaction time (RT) to radiant heat measures spatial summation of warmth, because the RT decreases with increases in both the areal extent and the intensity (flux density) of the heat. The previous studies of RT let the response terminate the stimulus exposure and thus introduced a confounding between stimulus duration and intensity, since the weaker the stimulus is, the longer it is presented. The present study shows the RT reflects spatial summation even with a fixed, brief stimulus duration. The precise rules for trading area and intensity that are obtained with fixed-duration pulses differ from those obtained with response-terminated ones, but both sets of functions are consistent with each other and with the results of magnitude estimation if it is assumed that the sensory effect of the heat sums over the stimulus duration, that is, that the RT reflects temporal as well as spatial summation. Two further experiments provide direct evidence for temporal summation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029074"}
{"pmid": "1029075", "title": "Some effects of aphasic lesions on order perception.", "content": "Some effects of aphasic lesions on order perception. Twenty-four aphasic, nine brain-damaged, and eight non-brain-damaged patients were tested for their ability to associate odors with visual targets. The results of the experiment show that lesions producing aphasia interfere with the ability to match an odor to a directly corresponding visual target. As aphasics with anterior and posterior lesions performed at similar levels in this task, it was not possible to conclude that the observed deficits were specifically related to temporal lobe functions. The severity of the deficit was greater for more massively lesioned aphasics. The exact nature of the deficit was not clear, but review of the literature and differential results obtained for the two experimental tasks suggest that aphasic lesions may interefere with odor identification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029075"}
{"pmid": "1029063", "title": "Effect of some environmental pollutants on the behaviour of motility of Dugesia gonocephala S.L. Note I.", "content": "Effect of some environmental pollutants on the behaviour of motility of Dugesia gonocephala S.L. Note I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029063"}
{"pmid": "1029068", "title": "The sexual reproduction of Tetilla sp. (Tetractinellida - Porifera).", "content": "The sexual reproduction of Tetilla sp. (Tetractinellida - Porifera).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029068"}
{"pmid": "1029066", "title": "Action of fluorescein isothiocyanate on plasmatic erythropoietin and on the renal and splenic erythro-stimulant factors in the rabbit.", "content": "Action of fluorescein isothiocyanate on plasmatic erythropoietin and on the renal and splenic erythro-stimulant factors in the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029066"}
{"pmid": "1029069", "title": "Electrophoretic pattern of the haemolyzate in specimens of Lampetra planeri (Bloch), captured in Abruzzo, in relation to the developmental cycle.", "content": "Electrophoretic pattern of the haemolyzate in specimens of Lampetra planeri (Bloch), captured in Abruzzo, in relation to the developmental cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029069"}
{"pmid": "1029079", "title": "The saltatory effect in vision.", "content": "The saltatory effect in vision. Events in vision triggered by brief flashes in train prove to be strictly analogous to those generated in the skin by a succession of taps. A requisite condition for their appearance in vision is projection of the flashes into the peripheral retinal field. Experiments are described that establish the general relation between extent of saltatory leaping and degree of retinal eccentricity and between leaping and retinal subtense of stimulus patches. Additionally, a curious \"dip\" phenomenon and several qualitative experiments in which color has been used to \"tag\" the saltatory image are reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029079"}
{"pmid": "1029076", "title": "Attenuation of vibrotactile spatial summation.", "content": "Attenuation of vibrotactile spatial summation. Masked and quiet thresholds at several frequencies of vibratory stimuli were measured as a function of contactor area. The test site was the left index  finger; the masking site was the left little finger. The quiet threshold data were consistent with previous investigations: Low-frequency stimuli showed no spatial summation, whereas high-frequency stimuli did. In the presence of a masker, spatial summation was reduced or eliminated for high-frequency stimuli, i.e., the masked threshold was, under some conditions, independent of contactor area. Low-frequency stimuli continued to show no spatial summation in the presence of a masker. The attenuation of spatial summation appears to be a direct function of the intensity of the masking stimulus. Additional measurements with the left thenar eminence as the test site showed that spatial summation could be attenuated by a masker placed on a contralateral body site. The implications of the results for quantifying the effectiveness of a masking stimulus, for the duplex mechanoreceptor hypothesis, and for the nature of spatial summation on the skin are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029076"}
{"pmid": "1029067", "title": "Mesencephalic degeneration following ablation of a telencephalic hemisphere in Coturnix c. japonica.", "content": "Mesencephalic degeneration following ablation of a telencephalic hemisphere in Coturnix c. japonica.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029067"}
{"pmid": "1029077", "title": "Olfaction and the common chemical sense: some psychophysical contrasts.", "content": "Olfaction and the common chemical sense: some psychophysical contrasts. Three experiments explored the olfactory and the common chemical attributes of sensations produced by various concentrations of n-butyl alcohol. These two attributes combine in an almost-linear fashion to produce the overall perceived intensity of the stimulus. Common chemical intensity makes only a small contribution to overall magnitude at low concentrations, but its proportional contribution increases with concentration. In like manner, speed of response (i.e., reciprocal of reaction time) to the common chemical attribute increases more rapidly than that to odor. Nevertheless, odor always makes its appearance sooner than the common chemical attribute, even when the two attributes are matched in perceived magnitude. Repeated inhalations cause odor intensity to decrease slightly but cause common chemical intensity to increase dramatically. The results obtained from the normal subjects studied here agree with those obtained from subjects with unilateral destruction of the trigeminal nerve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029077"}
{"pmid": "1029078", "title": "Evidence in support of the duplex theory of mechanoreception.", "content": "Evidence in support of the duplex theory of mechanoreception. Psychophysical thresholds were measured as the frequency, size and duration of vibration on the thenar eminence was varied. The results supported the theory that there are two functionally distinct receptor systems in the skin for the perception of mechanical disturbances. Spatial and temporal summation were found for the detection of high- but not low-frequency stimuli. Furthermore, magnitude estimation data revealed that temporal summation occurs for the perception of high-frequency stimuli presented over a wide range of suprathershold values. On the other hand, temporal summation was absent for low frequency stimuli that were presented at 5, 10, 15, and 20 db above threshold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029078"}
{"pmid": "1029080", "title": "Interaction of spatial and temporal summation in the warmth sense.", "content": "Interaction of spatial and temporal summation in the warmth sense. Two experiments explored the interaction of  spatial and temporal summation in the perception of radiant heat. The first experiment showed that the absolute threshold for detecting two brief (0.1 sec) pulses of heat, one presented to each side of the forehead, is lower than the threshold for detecting a single pulse, even when the two pulses are separated in time by as muchas 0l75 sec. The second experiment showed that a single, 4-sec pulse of heat presented to one side of the forehead feels no warmer than two successive, 2-sec pulses, one to each side. Spatial and temporal summation appear to take place at least partly in the central nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029080"}
{"pmid": "1029083", "title": "Vibrotactile temporal summation: effect of frequency.", "content": "Vibrotactile temporal summation: effect of frequency. Temporal summation of vibrotactile stimuli was measured at four frequencies (25, 40, 80, and 160 Hz) using a large contactor. Stimulation at 160 Hz gave temporal summation comparable in amount to that reported in previous studies. Stimulation at 25, 40, and 80 Hz gave less summation. The presence of summation at low frequencies is unexpected in view of existing data obtained with small contactors' those data indicate that the afferent system primarily sensitive to low frequencies may not summate stimulus energy over time. The present data suggest either that the low-frequency afferents do summate energy over time or that, under some conditions, the perception of low-frequency signals presented through a large contactor may be mediated by more than one afferent system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029083"}
{"pmid": "1029082", "title": "Effect of double ipsilateral stimulation on vibrotactile sensation magnitude.", "content": "Effect of double ipsilateral stimulation on vibrotactile sensation magnitude. The phenomena of enhancement and suppression of vibrotactile subjective magnitude were investigated using a matching procedure. Results support earlier reports for audition and vibrotaction suggesting that enhancement is a fundamental sensory process. The time course is described for suppression of stimuli delivered to several different to several different pats of the body. The results are consistent with earlier studies of vibrotactile masking at threshold levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029082"}
{"pmid": "1029081", "title": "Critical band in auditory lateralization.", "content": "Critical band in auditory lateralization. A new and powerful procedure for determining frequency analysis in the auditory system, as evidence by the critical band, is described. The onset time difference, delta T, needed to lateralize 30-msec tone bursts toward the leading ear was measured as a function of the frequency difference, delta F, between the brust in one ear and the burst in the other ear. When delta F was less than the critical band, threshold delta T was constant at 100 mu sec or less, depending on center frequency; beyond the critical band, delta T increased with delta F. These dichotically measured critical bandwidths increased from 110 Hz at a center frequency of 500 Hz to 1100 Hz at a center frequency of 6000 Hz. They were unaffected by varying signal level from 25 to 80 dB or signal duration from 10 to 300 msec. The sam e critical-band values have been measured with monaural stimuli in loudness summation, maskin, detection, phase perception, consonance, and so forth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029081"}
{"pmid": "1029084", "title": "Temporal properties of the human taste system.", "content": "Temporal properties of the human taste system. An attempt to apply linear systems methods to the temporal properties of the human taste system is described. The percentage modulation in concentration required to detect a fluctuation in intensity was measured as a function of frequency of modulation. Both a sine-wave and a square-wave input were used. The sensitivity of the taste system at its maximum, and also at the low frequencies, was greater than expected from previous work based on classical methodology. The sensitivity of the taste system at its maximum, and also at the low frequencies, was greater then expected from previous work base on classical methodology. The sensitivity of the taste system to the various qualities was, in decreasing order, salty, sweet, sour, and bitter. The taste system in insensitive to frequencies above about 5 Hz. Except for bitter, representatives of the various taste qualities yielded similar functions within qualities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029084"}
{"pmid": "1029085", "title": "Satiation in cutaneous saltation.", "content": "Satiation in cutaneous saltation. The extent of cutaneous saltation (the illusory displacement of a tap presented to one skin locus by another tap occurring close in time at another locus) was modified by a \"preconditioning\" stimulus presented prior to and at a site distant from the saltatory test pattern. The 10-sec vibratory preconditioning (PC) stimulus appears to be analogous to inspection figures that \"satiate\" the perceptual field in experiments on figural aftereffects, producing changes in the perceived size, position, or shape of subsequent stimuli. The direction of displacement of the saltatory phantom was always away from the locus of the prior PC stimulus, consistent with results observed in studies of visual and kinesthetic aftereffects. Th- amount of repulsion and the rate at which the saltatory phantom returned to its initial position depend on the intensity, locus, and number of PC stimuli. As with figural aftereffects, these results resist explanation by peripheral mechanisms such as adaptation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029085"}
{"pmid": "1029086", "title": "Recovery of excitability after gustatory adaptation: effects of stimulus intensity.", "content": "Recovery of excitability after gustatory adaptation: effects of stimulus intensity. The excitability of the rat chorda tympani nerve following adaptation to NaCl was measured by observing the recovery of the transient portion of the integrated neural response. When a single concentration of NaCl was used as a test stimulus, recovery time was positively correlated with the concentration of the adapting solution, a relationship common to a number of other sensory systems. Adapting and testing with the same concentration of NaCl produced very little relationship between concentration and recovery time. It is suggested that the relativley extensive period of postexcitatory depression is due to a prolonged inaccessability of tast receptor sites that results in a reduction in the rate of stimulus-receptor interaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029086"}
{"pmid": "1029088", "title": "Malignant melanoma of the nasal septum.", "content": "Malignant melanoma of the nasal septum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029088"}
{"pmid": "1029087", "title": "Enophthalmos and diplopia in orbital floor fractures.", "content": "Enophthalmos and diplopia in orbital floor fractures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029087"}
{"pmid": "1029089", "title": "Anesthesia for microlaryngoscopy.", "content": "Anesthesia for microlaryngoscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029089"}
{"pmid": "1029091", "title": "The spectacular lingual thyroid and midline anterior cervical ectopic thyroid.", "content": "The spectacular lingual thyroid and midline anterior cervical ectopic thyroid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029091"}
{"pmid": "1029092", "title": "Maxillary sinusitis.", "content": "Maxillary sinusitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029092"}
{"pmid": "1029093", "title": "Rehabilitation of the adult deaf.", "content": "Rehabilitation of the adult deaf.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029093"}
{"pmid": "1029090", "title": "Problems in the clinical management of heavy smokers.", "content": "Problems in the clinical management of heavy smokers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029090"}
{"pmid": "1029095", "title": "Retinal neovascularization.", "content": "Retinal neovascularization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029095"}
{"pmid": "1029096", "title": "Biologic predestination: immunogenetic aspects of uveitis.", "content": "Biologic predestination: immunogenetic aspects of uveitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029096"}
{"pmid": "1029094", "title": "Impedance audiometry: benefits, problems, and pitfalls.", "content": "Impedance audiometry: benefits, problems, and pitfalls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029094"}
{"pmid": "1029100", "title": "The changing pattern of the etiology of central bacterial corneal (hypopyon) ulcer.", "content": "The changing pattern of the etiology of central bacterial corneal (hypopyon) ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029100"}
{"pmid": "1029102", "title": "Some traumatic ossicular lesions.", "content": "Some traumatic ossicular lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029102"}
{"pmid": "1029097", "title": "Immediate postoperative complications of septoplasties and septorhinoplasties.", "content": "Immediate postoperative complications of septoplasties and septorhinoplasties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029097"}
{"pmid": "1029098", "title": "Uveitis in rheumatologic diseases: clinical syndromes.", "content": "Uveitis in rheumatologic diseases: clinical syndromes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029098"}
{"pmid": "1029099", "title": "Uveitis of immunologic origin: clinical syndromes.", "content": "Uveitis of immunologic origin: clinical syndromes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029099"}
{"pmid": "1029101", "title": "The physiology of the precorneal tear film.", "content": "The physiology of the precorneal tear film.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029101"}
{"pmid": "1029103", "title": "Immunosuppressive therapy of severe chronic uveitis.", "content": "Immunosuppressive therapy of severe chronic uveitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029103"}
{"pmid": "1029107", "title": "Nasal glioma.", "content": "Nasal glioma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029107"}
{"pmid": "1029104", "title": "Congenital deafness, recurrent meningitis, and neural tube defects.", "content": "Congenital deafness, recurrent meningitis, and neural tube defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029104"}
{"pmid": "1029110", "title": "Keratomycosis.", "content": "Keratomycosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029110"}
{"pmid": "1029108", "title": "Personal noise protection: a study of seven different devices.", "content": "Personal noise protection: a study of seven different devices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029108"}
{"pmid": "1029109", "title": "Computerized tomography of orbital disorders.", "content": "Computerized tomography of orbital disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029109"}
{"pmid": "1029106", "title": "Uveitis syndromes.", "content": "Uveitis syndromes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029106"}
{"pmid": "1029105", "title": "Methods of ocular motor examination in neuro-opthalmology.", "content": "Methods of ocular motor examination in neuro-opthalmology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029105"}
{"pmid": "1029111", "title": "The immunology and immunopathology of corneal infection.", "content": "The immunology and immunopathology of corneal infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029111"}
{"pmid": "1029118", "title": "Inflammatory disease of the frontal sinus.", "content": "Inflammatory disease of the frontal sinus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029118"}
{"pmid": "1029114", "title": "Congenital laryngeal cyst in infants.", "content": "Congenital laryngeal cyst in infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029114"}
{"pmid": "1029112", "title": "Congenital central corneal opacity: diagnosis and management.", "content": "Congenital central corneal opacity: diagnosis and management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029112"}
{"pmid": "1029115", "title": "Some instructive failures of stapedectomy.", "content": "Some instructive failures of stapedectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029115"}
{"pmid": "1029113", "title": "Acquired diffuse eipthelial erosion.", "content": "Acquired diffuse eipthelial erosion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029113"}
{"pmid": "1029116", "title": "Acute epiglottitis: intubation versus tracheotomy.", "content": "Acute epiglottitis: intubation versus tracheotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029116"}
{"pmid": "1029117", "title": "Parotid gland surgery.", "content": "Parotid gland surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029117"}
{"pmid": "1029128", "title": "Hospitals and professionals: the relationship is changing.", "content": "Hospitals and professionals: the relationship is changing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029128"}
{"pmid": "1029127", "title": "How not to get sued.", "content": "How not to get sued.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029127"}
{"pmid": "1029129", "title": "Sick hospital bonds.", "content": "Sick hospital bonds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029129"}
{"pmid": "1029130", "title": "Waukesha trustees have a way with the public.", "content": "Waukesha trustees have a way with the public.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029130"}
{"pmid": "1029132", "title": "Self-audits help boards to mind their own business.", "content": "Self-audits help boards to mind their own business.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029132"}
{"pmid": "1029131", "title": "Licensure: are we doing it as well as we should be?", "content": "Licensure: are we doing it as well as we should be?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029131"}
{"pmid": "1029133", "title": "Regulation: can hospitals tame the paperwork monster?", "content": "Regulation: can hospitals tame the paperwork monster?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029133"}
{"pmid": "1029135", "title": "Medical staff privileges: a matter of fairness.", "content": "Medical staff privileges: a matter of fairness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029135"}
{"pmid": "1029134", "title": "A model for physician participation in planning.", "content": "A model for physician participation in planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029134"}
{"pmid": "1029137", "title": "The cost factor in national health insurance.", "content": "The cost factor in national health insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029137"}
{"pmid": "1029138", "title": "Coronary artery disease--a brief report.", "content": "Coronary artery disease--a brief report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029138"}
{"pmid": "1029139", "title": "Non-can disability and the highly substandard risk.", "content": "Non-can disability and the highly substandard risk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029139"}
{"pmid": "1029136", "title": "Atrioventricular heart block--27-year follow-up experience.", "content": "Atrioventricular heart block--27-year follow-up experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029136"}
{"pmid": "1029140", "title": "The mortality monograph: a medico-actuarial milestone.", "content": "The mortality monograph: a medico-actuarial milestone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029140"}
{"pmid": "1029141", "title": "Hypertension and selection of risks in Japan.", "content": "Hypertension and selection of risks in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029141"}
{"pmid": "1029144", "title": "Progress report on Met Scan--a medical data acquistion unit.", "content": "Progress report on Met Scan--a medical data acquistion unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029144"}
{"pmid": "1029142", "title": "The correct way to underwrite hypertension.", "content": "The correct way to underwrite hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029142"}
{"pmid": "1029143", "title": "Approach to mortality studies of life insurance policyholders with psychiatric diagnoses.", "content": "Approach to mortality studies of life insurance policyholders with psychiatric diagnoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029143"}
{"pmid": "1029145", "title": "Continuing medical education--where are we headed?", "content": "Continuing medical education--where are we headed?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029145"}
{"pmid": "1029146", "title": "Purpose and cross-purpose.", "content": "Purpose and cross-purpose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029146"}
{"pmid": "1029147", "title": "Abnormal electrocardiogram in the absence of heart disease.", "content": "Abnormal electrocardiogram in the absence of heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029147"}
{"pmid": "1029148", "title": "Health services in Denmark.", "content": "Health services in Denmark.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029148"}
{"pmid": "1029149", "title": "Planning a standard psychiatric ward for Israel.", "content": "Planning a standard psychiatric ward for Israel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029149"}
{"pmid": "1029150", "title": "A short outline of health services planning at central level in the Netherlands.", "content": "A short outline of health services planning at central level in the Netherlands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029150"}
{"pmid": "1029151", "title": "Towards greater relevance for the teaching hospital.", "content": "Towards greater relevance for the teaching hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029151"}
{"pmid": "1029153", "title": "Planning for the future today.", "content": "Planning for the future today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029153"}
{"pmid": "1029152", "title": "The hospitals of Saudi Arabia.", "content": "The hospitals of Saudi Arabia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029152"}
{"pmid": "1029154", "title": "Monitor-N. A comprehensive management information and control system.", "content": "Monitor-N. A comprehensive management information and control system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029154"}
{"pmid": "1029155", "title": "Planning health facilities in developing countries - some case studies and their lessons.", "content": "Planning health facilities in developing countries - some case studies and their lessons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029155"}
{"pmid": "1029156", "title": "A phased hospital development under conditions of limited resources.", "content": "A phased hospital development under conditions of limited resources.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029156"}
{"pmid": "1029157", "title": "The morphological evolution of the postwar hospital.", "content": "The morphological evolution of the postwar hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029157"}
{"pmid": "1029158", "title": "A selected library for personnel in remote areas: a component of expatriate community development.", "content": "A selected library for personnel in remote areas: a component of expatriate community development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029158"}
{"pmid": "1029159", "title": "Applications of operational research to health care delivery systems and facilities planning.", "content": "Applications of operational research to health care delivery systems and facilities planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029159"}
{"pmid": "1029160", "title": "Future trends in health care in the U.S.A.", "content": "Future trends in health care in the U.S.A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029160"}
{"pmid": "1029240", "title": "Sources and kinetics of bilirubin formation in vivo.", "content": "Sources and kinetics of bilirubin formation in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029240"}
{"pmid": "1029241", "title": "Conjugation of bilirubin--pathophysiological aspects.", "content": "Conjugation of bilirubin--pathophysiological aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029241"}
{"pmid": "1029239", "title": "Enzymatic formation of bilirubin and its regulation.", "content": "Enzymatic formation of bilirubin and its regulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029239"}
{"pmid": "1029346", "title": "The measurements of job characteristics.", "content": "The measurements of job characteristics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029346"}
{"pmid": "1029347", "title": "Openness to interorganizational cooperation: a study of hospital administrators.", "content": "Openness to interorganizational cooperation: a study of hospital administrators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029347"}
{"pmid": "1029350", "title": "Sex stereotypes: an artifact in leader behavior and subordinate satisfaction analysis?", "content": "Sex stereotypes: an artifact in leader behavior and subordinate satisfaction analysis?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029350"}
{"pmid": "1029352", "title": "Size and staff professionalization.", "content": "Size and staff professionalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029352"}
{"pmid": "1029351", "title": "Antecedents of work related expectancies.", "content": "Antecedents of work related expectancies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029351"}
{"pmid": "1029348", "title": "Role dynamics, locus of control, and employee attitudes and behavior.", "content": "Role dynamics, locus of control, and employee attitudes and behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029348"}
{"pmid": "1029349", "title": "The merits of using experts or consumers as members of planning groups: a field experiment in health planning.", "content": "The merits of using experts or consumers as members of planning groups: a field experiment in health planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029349"}
{"pmid": "1029355", "title": "Deep vein thrombosis in surgery. Detection by the method using labelled fibrinogen.", "content": "Deep vein thrombosis in surgery. Detection by the method using labelled fibrinogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029355"}
{"pmid": "1029356", "title": "The significance of bone strain \"in vivo\".", "content": "The significance of bone strain \"in vivo\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029356"}
{"pmid": "1029360", "title": "Study on the surface shape and contours of the femoral head and acetabulum of the human joint.", "content": "Study on the surface shape and contours of the femoral head and acetabulum of the human joint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029360"}
{"pmid": "1029365", "title": "Hip prosthesis with physiological transmission of forces and individually isoelastic properties.", "content": "Hip prosthesis with physiological transmission of forces and individually isoelastic properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029365"}
{"pmid": "1029372", "title": "[Objective method of evaluating bone implant deformations in vivo by telemetry].", "content": "[Objective method of evaluating bone implant deformations in vivo by telemetry].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029372"}
{"pmid": "1029373", "title": "The measurement of bone strain \"in vivo\".", "content": "The measurement of bone strain \"in vivo\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029373"}
{"pmid": "1029375", "title": "Effects of vagal stimuli of different duration on heart rate and atrioventricular conduction.", "content": "Effects of vagal stimuli of different duration on heart rate and atrioventricular conduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029375"}
{"pmid": "1029377", "title": "Coordination between the electrical activity of the small intestine and the colon in the ileocaecal region.", "content": "Coordination between the electrical activity of the small intestine and the colon in the ileocaecal region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029377"}
{"pmid": "1029376", "title": "Effect of the analogue of cinnarizine AS2 on the cardio-vascular system.", "content": "Effect of the analogue of cinnarizine AS2 on the cardio-vascular system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029376"}
{"pmid": "1029379", "title": "Reflex changes of the haemodynamics in hypertonic cats.", "content": "Reflex changes of the haemodynamics in hypertonic cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029379"}
{"pmid": "1029381", "title": "Comparative study of the effect of caffeine, strychnine and echinopsin on learning and memory in albino rats.", "content": "Comparative study of the effect of caffeine, strychnine and echinopsin on learning and memory in albino rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029381"}
{"pmid": "1029378", "title": "Effect of the analogue of cinnarizine AS2 on peripheral blood circulation.", "content": "Effect of the analogue of cinnarizine AS2 on peripheral blood circulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029378"}
{"pmid": "1029382", "title": "Estimation of time interval elements. II.", "content": "Estimation of time interval elements. II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029382"}
{"pmid": "1029380", "title": "Are the central dopaminergic synapses related to the convulsive-seizure threshold?--Effects of central dopaminergic drugs on the picrotoxin convulsive-seizure threshold. Interaction with diazepam, meta-tolylcarbamide and theophylline.", "content": "Are the central dopaminergic synapses related to the convulsive-seizure threshold?--Effects of central dopaminergic drugs on the picrotoxin convulsive-seizure threshold. Interaction with diazepam, meta-tolylcarbamide and theophylline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029380"}
{"pmid": "1029383", "title": "Structure and organizational resource allocation.", "content": "Structure and organizational resource allocation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029383"}
{"pmid": "1029384", "title": "Structural and functional subunits of chromosomes.", "content": "Structural and functional subunits of chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029384"}
{"pmid": "1029353", "title": "Pathology of the trophoblast and fetal vessels of the placenta in maternal diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Pathology of the trophoblast and fetal vessels of the placenta in maternal diabetes mellitus. The morphologic characteristics of the chorial villi from normal full-term placentas and from placentas of different clinical types of diabetic women were studied. The latter showed early maturation of the trophoblast, higher percentage of villi with stromal edema, and higher percentage of vessels of the villous trunks with lesions causing partial or total obstruction of the vascular lumen. The fact that the diabetic patients were treated suggests that the metabolic correction of diabetes mellitus prevents the occurrence or development of the multiple disturbances which the disease produces in the evolution of human pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029353"}
{"pmid": "1029385", "title": "Transcription and chromatin subunit structure.", "content": "Transcription and chromatin subunit structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029385"}
{"pmid": "1029389", "title": "Genetic counseling.", "content": "Genetic counseling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029389"}
{"pmid": "1029386", "title": "Chromosome structure.", "content": "Chromosome structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029386"}
{"pmid": "1029391", "title": "Holistic health: implications for health planning.", "content": "Holistic health: implications for health planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029391"}
{"pmid": "1029388", "title": "Biochemical genetics of human disease.", "content": "Biochemical genetics of human disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029388"}
{"pmid": "1029387", "title": "Cytochemical dissection of the mammalian genome.", "content": "Cytochemical dissection of the mammalian genome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029387"}
{"pmid": "1029390", "title": "A federal perspective on the role of the journal and planning to enhance health and well-being.", "content": "A federal perspective on the role of the journal and planning to enhance health and well-being.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029390"}
{"pmid": "1029393", "title": "Planners and the end of medicine.", "content": "Planners and the end of medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029393"}
{"pmid": "1029395", "title": "Health policy guidelines and holistic care.", "content": "Health policy guidelines and holistic care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029395"}
{"pmid": "1029354", "title": "Urinary 17-ketosteroids in diabetic and non-diabetic pregnancies.", "content": "Urinary 17-ketosteroids in diabetic and non-diabetic pregnancies. The excretion of estriol into the maternal urine is an effective means of evaluating the fetus in pregnancies complicated by a number of metabolic disorders, such as chronic hypertension, renal disease, pre-eclampsia, etc. It is generally used in the management of pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes mellitus even though some question has been raised as to its validity for this disorder. In this study we have evaluated estriol precursors in the form of 17-ketosteroids in the urine of pregnant women with mild diabetes mellitus as well as a non-diabetic control group. Urinary total estrogen excretion was also determined. Diabetics were found to excrete significantly higher amounts of 17-ketosteroids than the non-diabetic group. The possible significance of this finding in relation to the dynamics of estriol production in pregnancy is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029354"}
{"pmid": "1029394", "title": "The effective health planner.", "content": "The effective health planner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029394"}
{"pmid": "1029392", "title": "From a concept of health to a national health policy.", "content": "From a concept of health to a national health policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029392"}
{"pmid": "1029396", "title": "An evaluation of the agency assessment program--implications for the Health Systems Agency community.", "content": "An evaluation of the agency assessment program--implications for the Health Systems Agency community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029396"}
{"pmid": "1029398", "title": "From omnibus tinkering to high-level wellness: the movement toward holistic health planning.", "content": "From omnibus tinkering to high-level wellness: the movement toward holistic health planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029398"}
{"pmid": "1029399", "title": "Hospital planning at HSA.", "content": "Hospital planning at HSA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029399"}
{"pmid": "1029400", "title": "The health planner: planning and dreaming for health and wellness.", "content": "The health planner: planning and dreaming for health and wellness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029400"}
{"pmid": "1029401", "title": "The future of pharmacy.", "content": "The future of pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029401"}
{"pmid": "1029402", "title": "Evaluation of a college-structured practical experience program.", "content": "Evaluation of a college-structured practical experience program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029402"}
{"pmid": "1029403", "title": "Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT) as a predictor of academic success.", "content": "Pharmacy College Admission Test (PCAT) as a predictor of academic success.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029403"}
{"pmid": "1029404", "title": "Current status of undergraduate, nonprofessional pharmacology courses taught in colleges of pharmacy.", "content": "Current status of undergraduate, nonprofessional pharmacology courses taught in colleges of pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029404"}
{"pmid": "1029405", "title": "Disillusionment in pharmacy students: a reconsideration with the advent of clinical pharmacy education.", "content": "Disillusionment in pharmacy students: a reconsideration with the advent of clinical pharmacy education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029405"}
{"pmid": "1029408", "title": "The fifth-year institutional clinical pharmacy program at the Medical University of South Carolina.", "content": "The fifth-year institutional clinical pharmacy program at the Medical University of South Carolina.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029408"}
{"pmid": "1029411", "title": "Enrollment report on professional degree programs in pharmacy, fall 1975.", "content": "Enrollment report on professional degree programs in pharmacy, fall 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029411"}
{"pmid": "1029397", "title": "The frontiers of health planning.", "content": "The frontiers of health planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029397"}
{"pmid": "1029406", "title": "A meaningful experience in laboratory investigation.", "content": "A meaningful experience in laboratory investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029406"}
{"pmid": "1029413", "title": "Address of the president and chairman of the board.", "content": "Address of the president and chairman of the board.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029413"}
{"pmid": "1029409", "title": "Pharmacist-patient interactions in terms of \"appropriate behaviors\".", "content": "Pharmacist-patient interactions in terms of \"appropriate behaviors\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029409"}
{"pmid": "1029412", "title": "Enrollment report on graduate degree programs, fall 1975.", "content": "Enrollment report on graduate degree programs, fall 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029412"}
{"pmid": "1029414", "title": "A sense of identity and a sense of the future--address of the president-elect.", "content": "A sense of identity and a sense of the future--address of the president-elect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029414"}
{"pmid": "1029416", "title": "Forward plan for health.", "content": "Forward plan for health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029416"}
{"pmid": "1029417", "title": "Significant issues raised by the Study Commission on Pharmacy report--a view from the profession.", "content": "Significant issues raised by the Study Commission on Pharmacy report--a view from the profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029417"}
{"pmid": "1029418", "title": "Specialty recognition--academic and professional alternatives.", "content": "Specialty recognition--academic and professional alternatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029418"}
{"pmid": "1029419", "title": "An analysis of the IOM cost study.", "content": "An analysis of the IOM cost study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029419"}
{"pmid": "1029420", "title": "Institutional resource requirements and cost per student for contemporary pharmaceutical education.", "content": "Institutional resource requirements and cost per student for contemporary pharmaceutical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029420"}
{"pmid": "1029421", "title": "Report of degrees conferred by schools and colleges of pharmacy for the academic year 1975-1976.", "content": "Report of degrees conferred by schools and colleges of pharmacy for the academic year 1975-1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029421"}
{"pmid": "1029438", "title": "Panel IV: The pros and cons of organized rehabilitation on the basis of repeated short-term supervised programmes. Introduction.", "content": "Panel IV: The pros and cons of organized rehabilitation on the basis of repeated short-term supervised programmes. Introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029438"}
{"pmid": "1029439", "title": "Arguments for a comprehensive rehabilitation program.", "content": "Arguments for a comprehensive rehabilitation program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029439"}
{"pmid": "1029440", "title": "Optimal function and health.", "content": "Optimal function and health. Regular physical activity is essential for the optimal function of many vital organs and tissues, and for general function. I am less sure about its direct and significant effects in the area of preventive medicine, but I can mention much indirect evidence to justify a whole-hearted promotion of physical exercise. Information about diet and exercise should be tied together. My present prescription for exercise is as follows: Daily -- at least 60 minutes of physical activity, not necessarily vigorous, nor all at the same time. During your daily routine, moving, walking, climbing stairs, etc., whether for one minute 60 times per day, 12 minutes 5 times a day, or any combination totalling 60 minutes, will burn up approximately 300 kcal (1.2MJ). Weekly -- at least two or three periods of 30 minutes of intermittent or sustained activity at submaximal rate of work (brisk walking, jogging, cycling, swimming, cross-country skiing, gymnastics etc.) are necessary for maintaining good cardiovascular fitness, and will consume an additional 750 kcal per week (3MJ).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029440"}
{"pmid": "1029441", "title": "Pros and cons of organized rehabilitation.", "content": "Pros and cons of organized rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029441"}
{"pmid": "1029443", "title": "Panel IV: The pros and cons of organized rehabilitation on the basis of repeated short-tern supervised programmes. Discussion.", "content": "Panel IV: The pros and cons of organized rehabilitation on the basis of repeated short-tern supervised programmes. Discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029443"}
{"pmid": "1029442", "title": "Pros and cons of rehabilitation in sanatoria.", "content": "Pros and cons of rehabilitation in sanatoria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029442"}
{"pmid": "1029448", "title": "Panel V: Acceleration of collaterals due to physical activity--dogma or fact. Discussion.", "content": "Panel V: Acceleration of collaterals due to physical activity--dogma or fact. Discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029448"}
{"pmid": "1029444", "title": "Panel V: Acceleration of collaterals due to physical activity--dogma or fast. A misguided goal or unrealized objective?--introduction.", "content": "Panel V: Acceleration of collaterals due to physical activity--dogma or fast. A misguided goal or unrealized objective?--introduction. The hypothesis drawn from Eckstein's study of dogs [5] suggests that collateral circulation (measured retrograde coronary collateral flow) could be enhanced in man provided that the coronary arteries were partially obstructed before training. The currently available data on the effects of exercise training on arteriosclerotic heart disease subjects with significant, but not complete, obstruction, and without collateral vessels before training, indicate that visible coronary collateral vessels do not develop unless further coronary obstruction progresses to complete or near complete occlusion. Although the above hypothesis is not supported by the angiographic studies to date, final judgment should be held in abeyance until data are presented on the collateral flow and regional myocardial perfusion in exercise-trained human subjects with arteriosclerotic heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029444"}
{"pmid": "1029446", "title": "Acceleration of collaterals by physical activity?", "content": "Acceleration of collaterals by physical activity?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029446"}
{"pmid": "1029450", "title": "Rehabilitation, mortality and morbidity in C.H.D.", "content": "Rehabilitation, mortality and morbidity in C.H.D.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029450"}
{"pmid": "1029445", "title": "Collateral circulation and regional myocardial function.", "content": "Collateral circulation and regional myocardial function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029445"}
{"pmid": "1029447", "title": "Does exercise training enhance collateral circulation?", "content": "Does exercise training enhance collateral circulation?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029447"}
{"pmid": "1029454", "title": "Panel VI: Critical evaluation of studies conc-rning mortality and morbitidity in C.H.D. patients who either have or have not participated in rehabilitation programmes. Discussion.", "content": "Panel VI: Critical evaluation of studies conc-rning mortality and morbitidity in C.H.D. patients who either have or have not participated in rehabilitation programmes. Discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029454"}
{"pmid": "1029451", "title": "Morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction.", "content": "Morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029451"}
{"pmid": "1029452", "title": "Physical training after myocardial infarction.", "content": "Physical training after myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029452"}
{"pmid": "1029453", "title": "The WHO rehabilitation study.", "content": "The WHO rehabilitation study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029453"}
{"pmid": "1029449", "title": "Panel VI: Critical evaluation of studies concerning mortality and morbidity in C.H.D. patients who either have or have not participated in rehabilitation programmes. Introduction.", "content": "Panel VI: Critical evaluation of studies concerning mortality and morbidity in C.H.D. patients who either have or have not participated in rehabilitation programmes. Introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029449"}
{"pmid": "1029455", "title": "Critical evaluation of cardiac rehabilitation. Conference summary.", "content": "Critical evaluation of cardiac rehabilitation. Conference summary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029455"}
{"pmid": "1029456", "title": "Physical activity as preventive measure in coronary disease.", "content": "Physical activity as preventive measure in coronary disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029456"}
{"pmid": "1029460", "title": "Panel I: Physical activity as primary or secondary preventive measure in coronary heart disease: yes or no? Discussion.", "content": "Panel I: Physical activity as primary or secondary preventive measure in coronary heart disease: yes or no? Discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029460"}
{"pmid": "1029458", "title": "Physiological evaluation of an exercise test.", "content": "Physiological evaluation of an exercise test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029458"}
{"pmid": "1029457", "title": "Exercise training as a therapeutic modality.", "content": "Exercise training as a therapeutic modality. At present we have no data to assure us that physical activity changes or prevents the development of coronary atherosclerosis or that it changes the progression of the disease which is already present. The data are excellent that in about 85% of patients with coronary disease, exercise training has beneficial personal and societal effects. However, even this opinion must be subjected to critical scrutiny. Several (controlled and randomized) studies of the effects of exercise training on arteriosclerotic heart disease subjects are in progress, in the United States, in Canada, and in Europe. The National Exercise and Heart Disease Project in the U.S.A has already accessed 600 arteriosclerotic heart disease subjects and expects to attain the target study population of 800 subjects by 1 June 1976. We msut be prepared and willing to accept the results of such rigorously controlled studies. In another four to five years of follow-up, the basis for our present views will be either confirmed or rejected -- although most of us anticipate a validation of our present opinion, viz., exercise training enhances the quality of life, and coping capacity, even though the direct effects on the course of coronary atherosclerosis have not been demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029457"}
{"pmid": "1029459", "title": "Exercise as preventive measure: a controversion.", "content": "Exercise as preventive measure: a controversion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029459"}
{"pmid": "1029461", "title": "Panel II: The pros and cons of early mobilization and of the convalescent phase in rehabilitation.", "content": "Panel II: The pros and cons of early mobilization and of the convalescent phase in rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029461"}
{"pmid": "1029462", "title": "Are we mobilizing early enough?", "content": "Are we mobilizing early enough? 1 A review of experiences with a shorter post-myocardial infarct hospital stay has been presented. 2 A seven-day hospital stay in selected patients appears reasonable and safe. 3 Further multi-center controlled studies to enlarge on this experience is proposed. 4 The socioeconomic impact of a shorter hospital stay and earlier return to work, in higher percentages, would be striking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029462"}
{"pmid": "1029465", "title": "Early mobilization, pros and cons.", "content": "Early mobilization, pros and cons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029465"}
{"pmid": "1029466", "title": "Introduction.", "content": "Introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029466"}
{"pmid": "1029464", "title": "A critique of ambulation studies.", "content": "A critique of ambulation studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029464"}
{"pmid": "1029463", "title": "Early mobilization and convalescent phase.", "content": "Early mobilization and convalescent phase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029463"}
{"pmid": "1029471", "title": "The functional of a model and an operational system.", "content": "The functional of a model and an operational system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029471"}
{"pmid": "1029470", "title": "The U.K. clinician's approach.", "content": "The U.K. clinician's approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029470"}
{"pmid": "1029467", "title": "Panel II: The pros and cons of early mobilization and of the convalescent phase in rehabilitation. Discussion.", "content": "Panel II: The pros and cons of early mobilization and of the convalescent phase in rehabilitation. Discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029467"}
{"pmid": "1029469", "title": "Rehabilitation methodology: international survey.", "content": "Rehabilitation methodology: international survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029469"}
{"pmid": "1029472", "title": "Panel III: Psychological aspects, placebo effect and rehabilitation methodology. Discussion.", "content": "Panel III: Psychological aspects, placebo effect and rehabilitation methodology. Discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029472"}
{"pmid": "1029468", "title": "Panel III: Pyschological aspects, placebo effect and rehabilitation methodology.", "content": "Panel III: Pyschological aspects, placebo effect and rehabilitation methodology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029468"}
{"pmid": "1029430", "title": "Attempts of phage typing of \"Salmonella wien\" strains isolated in central Italy.", "content": "Attempts of phage typing of \"Salmonella wien\" strains isolated in central Italy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029430"}
{"pmid": "1029473", "title": "[The Casoni intradermal reaction in the diagnosis of human hydatidosis].", "content": "[The Casoni intradermal reaction in the diagnosis of human hydatidosis].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029473"}
{"pmid": "1029487", "title": "Nucleolar vacuoles as manifestations of nucleolar genes.", "content": "Nucleolar vacuoles as manifestations of nucleolar genes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029487"}
{"pmid": "1029519", "title": "The social origins of cancer.", "content": "The social origins of cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029519"}
{"pmid": "1029520", "title": "Trying to sort out the health care boondoggle.", "content": "Trying to sort out the health care boondoggle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029520"}
{"pmid": "1029521", "title": "New careers in genetic counseling.", "content": "New careers in genetic counseling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029521"}
{"pmid": "1029523", "title": "Prescription for premed students.", "content": "Prescription for premed students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029523"}
{"pmid": "1029635", "title": "Myoclonic disorders of spinal origin.", "content": "Myoclonic disorders of spinal origin. Data in the literature on spinal myoclonic disorders are still scanty; little has been done to ensure an adequate classification; little is known about the pathophysiology of these disorders. Three patients with spinal myoclonic jerks are described, with detailed reference to electromyographic findings. On the basis of the case reports so far available, a classification into five subgroups is suggested of spinal myoclonic jerks: 1) after cord injuries; 2) associated with intramedullary cord tumours; 3) associated with intramedullary or extramedullary cysts; 4) associated with radiculomyelitis or myelopathy; 5) associated with affections of the alpha motoneurons. A number of hypotheses on the pathogenesis of this disorder are briefly discussed: peripheral or intraspinal sprouting, degeneration of alpha motoneurons or interneurons, reduction of the dendritic tree size, and involvement of the gamma system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029635"}
{"pmid": "1029636", "title": "Torkildsen's ventriculocisternostomy: some complications and their prevention.", "content": "Torkildsen's ventriculocisternostomy: some complications and their prevention. Torkildsen's ventriculocisternostomy retains a certain usefulness despite the recent popularity of newer procedures. Despite many modifications and suggestions for improving the procedure, certain hazards and complications remain. We report instances of myelopathy from contact with and impalement by the cervical end of the tube, acute quadriplegia, unsuspected kinking of the catheter and late ventricular catheter malposition together with certain suggestions for modifications of technique which we believe will make Torkildsen's shunting more reliable and safe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029636"}
{"pmid": "1029637", "title": "Further observation on the possible relationship between migraine and serum ammonia levels.", "content": "Further observation on the possible relationship between migraine and serum ammonia levels. Although patients diagnosed as having migraine, have been studied extensively, there is no definite proof of a primary biochemical abnormality which is of significance in the pathogenesis of migraine. Several authors have suggested that increased serum ammonia levels may play a decisive role in the pathogenesis of migraine. This possibility was first put forth by Russell, who studied a single family with ornithine carbamyl transferase deficiency and 8 juveniles with migraine, RUSSELL'S finding was supported by a preliminary study carried out by one of the authors in which hyperammo-naemia was found in 22 adults during migraine attacks. In order to etknd these earlier findings, serum ammonia levels were determined in 35 adults with either classic or complicated migraine and in 20 healthy adults. No significant difference was found between the patients (44 microgram/100 ml +/- 13.9) and the controls (74 microgram/100 ml +/- 9.5). Ammonia level was determined in 10 patients within two hours of the onset of an acute migraine and was unchanged (65 microgram/100 ml). This study suggests that alterations in serum ammonia level are not important in the pathogenesis of migraine in adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029637"}
{"pmid": "1029639", "title": "Effect of moderate arterial hypotension combined with repeated withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid on the development of increased ventricular fluid pressure after cold injuries in cats.", "content": "Effect of moderate arterial hypotension combined with repeated withdrawal of cerebrospinal fluid on the development of increased ventricular fluid pressure after cold injuries in cats. The influence of Trimetaphan induced hypotension was studied on the development of increased ventricular fluid pressure after induction of cold injuries of the brain in cats. Hypotension was induced in two series of animals: in one immediately after freezing and in another series after a delay of three quarters of an hour. In the animals not treated with hypotension ventricular fluid pressure increased considerably according to three types of response. In both series treated with hypotension the ventricular fluid pressure and elastance were significantly lower than in the animals not treated; also brain stem herniation tended to occur less frequently in the animals treated. No deleterious effect of the hypotension was seen on cerebral metabolism as measured by the lactate content in the cerebrospinal fluid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029639"}
{"pmid": "1029638", "title": "Differential effects of simple and choice reaction after closed head injury.", "content": "Differential effects of simple and choice reaction after closed head injury. Simple and choice reaction time to visual signals were recorded in persons having sustained a closed head injury. The results show a disproportional effect of task complexity in comparison to the performance of a normal group. Moreover, an interaction was demonstrated between complexity of the reaction task and length of coma after the injury. Finally it was shown that this interaction was still visible 22 months after the concussion. At that time, there is no longer a difference in simple reaction time between groups with different lengths of coma, while there is still a significant difference in the choice reaction task.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029638"}
{"pmid": "1029640", "title": "Model role for bacteriorhodopsin for solar energy utilization by primordial organisms.", "content": "Model role for bacteriorhodopsin for solar energy utilization by primordial organisms. Enzymes similar in function to contemporary bacteriorhodopsin could have been active in primordial living organisms for the utilization of solar energy to produce ATP. The energy-conversion system, which depends on a light-driven proton pump, is enzymatically simple, insensitive to cyanide inhibition and functional under highly lipid conditions in an anaerobic atmosphere.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029640"}
{"pmid": "1029641", "title": "Electron microscopic study of the differentiation and development of trophocytes and oocytes in Gerris najas (Heteroptera).", "content": "Electron microscopic study of the differentiation and development of trophocytes and oocytes in Gerris najas (Heteroptera). The differentiation of oogonia and oocytes, and of trophocytes, from undifferentiated germ line cells has been studied in Gerris najas, a pond skater, from the fourth instar to the adult animal. For the first time criteria have been obtained which allow the distinction between poorly differentiated early oogonia and nurse cells. The most important criteria are the size, shape, and structure of nuclei and mucleoli. This is consistent with the different function of these cell types, which is primarily a different nuclear function: meiosis in the oocytes, and RNA synthesis to support the trophic core and the oocytes in the trophocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029641"}
{"pmid": "1029642", "title": "Electron microscopic study of concanavalin A binding to membranes of the Golgi complex.", "content": "Electron microscopic study of concanavalin A binding to membranes of the Golgi complex. Binding of Concanavalin A to the Golgi complex and the resultant effect on intramembrane particles and enzyme activity has been studied with Golgi-rich fractions isolated from rat liver. Con A binds mainly to the tubular network of the Golgi complex and, to a lesser extent, the peripheral regions of the cisternae. Interaction of Con A with Golgi membranes is accompanied by aggregation of intramembrane particles reflecting increased membrane fluidity. Enhancement of galactosyl transferase, membrane bound in the Golgi complex, also occurs with Con A binding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029642"}
{"pmid": "1029643", "title": "Histological study of the effects of hycanthone on the frog's ventricle in the presence of a soluble sodium salt of prednisolone hemisuccinate.", "content": "Histological study of the effects of hycanthone on the frog's ventricle in the presence of a soluble sodium salt of prednisolone hemisuccinate. The histological picture of the ventricle of frog's heart exposed to the action of Hycanthone in Ringer's solution in concentration of 1:1 was compared with that of the ventricle of frog's heart exposed to Ringer's solution devoid of the drug and with that of frog's heart exposed to Ringer's solution containing Hycanthone in concentration of 1:1 in addition to a soluble sodium salt of prednisolone hemisuccinate in concentration 1:1. It was found that the structure of the ventricle of the heart exposed to the action of Hycanthone in the presence of the soluble sodium salt of prednisolone hemisuccinate was close in pattern to the structure of the ventricle of the heart exposed to Ringer's solution alone, while the ventricle of the heart exposed to Hycanthone alone in Ringer's solution in concentration of 1:1 was different in that the muscle fibres swollen, the cytoplasm was paler with less marked striations, the nuclei were swollen and paler, the epicardial cells were swollen and the connective tissue pattern was distorted. This denoted that the morphological changes that occurred in response to Hycanthone in the presence of the soluble sodium salt of prednisolone hemisuccinate was less marked than those which occurred in its absence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029643"}
{"pmid": "1029645", "title": "The chemistry of schistosomicides.", "content": "The chemistry of schistosomicides. The chemistry of the different compounds applied in the field of schistosomicides has been reviewed in detail. On the basis of their chemical constitution, these compounds have been classified into: organotrivalent antimonials; Xanthones and related compounds \"xanthones, chromones and mirasans\"; Nitroheterocyclic compounds \"nitroquinolines, nitrofurans and nitrothiazoles\"; Miscellaneous compounds \"phenoxy compounds, piperazines, naphthylazo compounds, phosphorous compounds, carbanilides, rosanilines, salicyclic acid derivatives and natural products\". On consideration of biochemical and pharmacological investigations, studies concerned with mechanism of action, metabolic changes and comparative toxic effects of some groups of these compounds are reported. Investigations on the relation between constitution and action among variety of these compounds are included.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029645"}
{"pmid": "1029644", "title": "Hycanthone in the treatment of Egyptian bilharzial patients.", "content": "Hycanthone in the treatment of Egyptian bilharzial patients. Hycanthone has a schistosomicidal effect against S. haematobium and S. mansoni present singly or combined in the patient. It is effective in all age groups but better in old and adults than in children and better in females than in males. It gave a cure rate of 60.6% after single intramuscular dose of 3 mg/kg body weight. Second dose after three months gave 94.4% cure rate and a third injection after further two months gave 100% cure rate. So, the drug cannot be used in the treatment of bilharziasis as a single dose course.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029644"}
{"pmid": "1029646", "title": "Bilharziasis of the central nervous system in human beings and experimental animals.", "content": "Bilharziasis of the central nervous system in human beings and experimental animals. The investigator studied schistosomiasis of central nervous system in human cadavers and hamsters. He found out that 13.3% of the spinal cords of the human cadavers were infected by Schistosoma ova. The lesion was confined to the lumbosacral region of the cord in cases of advanced bilharziasis. The cords of infected Hamsters showed only diffuse cell infilterate without ova. The possible pathways of ova from the final habitats of the parasites to the cord are pelvivertebral and portovertebral connections as shown from the discovered pathological changes in the blood vessels of these areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029646"}
{"pmid": "1029647", "title": "The structure of tartar-emetic.", "content": "The structure of tartar-emetic. Evaluation of the validity of the different formulae assigned to tarar-emetic is reviewed. According to the recent and most valid structure, tartar emetic is defined as potassium hydroxytartratoantimonite hemihydrate which is a derivative of the antimonite ion [Sb(OH)4]-.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029647"}
{"pmid": "1029648", "title": "Influence of diet on breeding and infectivity in mass cultivation of Biomphalaria glabrata.", "content": "Influence of diet on breeding and infectivity in mass cultivation of Biomphalaria glabrata. Under well defined laboratory conditions as troughs, room temperature, humidity, water and air supply Biomphalaria glabrata was bred and kept. In  feeding trials powder of pellets for mice and commercial fish food were used as high protein diet in comparison to poor protein diet consisting of lettuce only. The high protein diet resulted in more clutches and eggs per snail than the lettuce diet. Also the yield of cercariae in the rish protein group was much higher than in the group fed on on lettuce alone. The optimal amount of snails could be obtained by feeding pellet powder, fish food and lettuce.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029648"}
{"pmid": "1029649", "title": "Influence of diet on breeding and infectivity in mass cultivation of Bulinus truncatus.", "content": "Influence of diet on breeding and infectivity in mass cultivation of Bulinus truncatus. Under well defined laboratory conditions as troughs, room temperature, humidity, water, and air supply Bulinus truncatus was bred and kept. In a feeding trial high protein diet consisting of powdered mice pellets, commercial tropical fish food and lettuce was compared to poor protein diet of lettuce alone. Higher yield of clutches, eggs and cercariae were observed in the rich protein diet group, Bulinus and Biomphalaria Snail seem to be influenced by diet in the same way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029649"}
{"pmid": "1029650", "title": "Stereo-scan observations on the cercaria of Schistosoma haematobium.", "content": "Stereo-scan observations on the cercaria of Schistosoma haematobium. The scanning electron microscope was employed to observe the hinge region and excretory canal of the cercaria of Schistosoma haematobium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029650"}
{"pmid": "1029651", "title": "Assessment of left ventricular function in schistosomiasis.", "content": "Assessment of left ventricular function in schistosomiasis. Inspite of the fact that the haemodynamic changes in the right ventricle in schistosomal disease received proper attention, left ventricular changes were not equally assessed. That the left ventricle could suffer in bilharzial disease is a possibility, probably due to the development of shunts and toxic myocarditis. In this wor5, left ventricular functions were studied using the rate of maximum rise of intraventricular pressure (kp/dt) as an index of contractility. The study included 10 normal controls, 5 cases with bilharzial liver fibrosis and no ascites or cor pulmonale, 10 cases with BLF, and ascites but no cor pulmonale, and 10 cases with bilharzial cor pulmonale. Diminished dp/dt values were obtained in 8 out of the 10 cases of bilharzial cor pulmonale, in whom the left ventricular pressure curve also showed distortion and delay in the descending limb of the isometric relaxation phase, denoting defective contractility of the left ventricle, and probably a diastolic volume overload in these cases. In BLF with or without ascites, the dp/dt values were surprisingly increased possibly due to increased catecholamines in these cases secondary to ineffective destruction in the liver suffering from parenchymatous disease. The left ventricle is thus shown to suffer in bilharzial disease particularly in cases with bilharzial cor pulmonale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029651"}
{"pmid": "1029652", "title": "The effects of dyphylline [7-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) theophylline] on the toxicity of hycanthone on the frog's heart.", "content": "The effects of dyphylline [7-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) theophylline] on the toxicity of hycanthone on the frog's heart. The effects of the topical application of Dyphylline in concentrations of 1.0 mg/1.0 ml and 10 mg/1.0 ml Ringer's solution and 25 mg/1.0 ml, 0.065% NaCl solution (the content of ampoules in clinical use) were investigated on frog's heart in situ. Dyphylline in all of the above concentrations had a stimulatory effect on the frog's heart. Hycanthone methanesulphonate in concentration of 1.0 ml/1.0 ml when topically applied to the frog's heart had a depressant effect on both of the contractility and rhythmicity. The depressant effects of Hycanthone in concentration of 1:1 were compared before and after the topical application of Dyphylline in the above mentioned concentrations. It was found that Dyphylline in concentration of 1.0 mg/1.0 ml could partially antagonize the depressant effect of Hycanthone on the heart rate but not on the force of contraction. Dyphylline in concentration of 10 mg/1.0 ml could partially antagonize the depressant effects of Hycanthone on both of the heart rate and the force of contraction. Dyphylline in concentration of 25 mg/1.0 ml could completely antagonize the depressant effects of hycanthone on both of the heart rate and the force of contraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029652"}
{"pmid": "1029653", "title": "Clinical features and treatment of urinary calculi in childhood.", "content": "Clinical features and treatment of urinary calculi in childhood. During the period 1926-1975, 94 children with urinary calculi were treated. The incidence, causation, localisation, symptomatology and diagnosis of urolithiasis in children are discussed. The therapeutic possibilities are also outlined. Particular emphasis is laid on therapeutic programmes for the prevention of recurrence in all varieties of urinary calculi, by means of which the recurrence rate in our own series was reduced to around 16%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029653"}
{"pmid": "1029654", "title": "Renal cell carcinoma--invasion of veins.", "content": "Renal cell carcinoma--invasion of veins. Out of 188 operatively removed renal cell carcinomas 49% showed macroscopic evidence of vein invasion and in 28% of the cases only histologically provable vein invasion. The uncorrected 5-year survival rates amounted to 40.8% in macroscopic vein invasion, 60.6% in histologically provable vein invasion and 75.6% in the absence of vein invasion. The term 'vein invasion' should therefore always be defined more precisely. Hence suggest to modify the V classification of 1974 of the UICC.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029654"}
{"pmid": "1029655", "title": "Influence of plastic splints in the production of epithelial tubes from buried skin strips. An experimental study.", "content": "Influence of plastic splints in the production of epithelial tubes from buried skin strips. An experimental study. Based on the practice of the Browne technique for hypospadias, epithelial skin strips were splinted with polyvinyl tubes. In an experimental study the well-known excellent tissue tolerance of the polyvinyl material was demonstrated. Definite enlarged diameter of the splinted epithelialized tubes was observed in comparing it with unsplinted controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029655"}
{"pmid": "1029656", "title": "Acute retention of urine due to prolapsed ectopic ureterocele in an adult male.", "content": "Acute retention of urine due to prolapsed ectopic ureterocele in an adult male. A case is presented of prolapsed ectopic ureterocele which produced severe urinary retention in a 31-year-old male patient. The usefulness of lumbar transcutaneous puncture is emphasized in a case associated with a non-functioning upper pole of a duplex kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029656"}
{"pmid": "1029663", "title": "On the nature of tumour-specific transplantation-type antigens.", "content": "On the nature of tumour-specific transplantation-type antigens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029663"}
{"pmid": "1029662", "title": "Antigens of chemically induced tumors.", "content": "Antigens of chemically induced tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029662"}
{"pmid": "1029664", "title": "Role of complement components on cells and in cell interactions.", "content": "Role of complement components on cells and in cell interactions. The complement system, though complex, is relatively easy to study both in terms of its reaction pathways, its distribution and its genetics. There is reason to believe that the complement system is involved in cell surface events and interactions at a variety of levels and we may hope that the knowledge of the system in the blood plasma will provide relatively easy insights into the more difficult areas with cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029664"}
{"pmid": "1029665", "title": "Cell-coat glycosaminoglycans in cellular transformation and differentiation.", "content": "Cell-coat glycosaminoglycans in cellular transformation and differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029665"}
{"pmid": "1029667", "title": "Immunization of ewes to oestrogens: effects on the oestrous cycle and parturition.", "content": "Immunization of ewes to oestrogens: effects on the oestrous cycle and parturition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029667"}
{"pmid": "1029666", "title": "Human graafian follicles in tissue culture: correlations between oestrogen and progesterone production and the site of delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.", "content": "Human graafian follicles in tissue culture: correlations between oestrogen and progesterone production and the site of delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029666"}
{"pmid": "1029668", "title": "Local application of prostaglandin F2alpha to the exterior of the ovarian vasculature: effects on the ovine corpus luteum.", "content": "Local application of prostaglandin F2alpha to the exterior of the ovarian vasculature: effects on the ovine corpus luteum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029668"}
{"pmid": "1029669", "title": "Prostaglandins and luteolysis in the goat and human.", "content": "Prostaglandins and luteolysis in the goat and human.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029669"}
{"pmid": "1029670", "title": "Oestradiol and progesterone: soluble receptor levels and metabolism in the uterus of the ovariectomized ewe.", "content": "Oestradiol and progesterone: soluble receptor levels and metabolism in the uterus of the ovariectomized ewe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029670"}
{"pmid": "1029672", "title": "The effects of age of egg and site of transfer on survival of transferred eggs in the ewe.", "content": "The effects of age of egg and site of transfer on survival of transferred eggs in the ewe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029672"}
{"pmid": "1029673", "title": "The nature of ultrastructural changes induced by exposure of spermatozoa to lysolecithin.", "content": "The nature of ultrastructural changes induced by exposure of spermatozoa to lysolecithin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029673"}
{"pmid": "1029671", "title": "Effects of progesterone and oestradiol on endometrial metabolism and embryo survival in the ovariectomized ewe.", "content": "Effects of progesterone and oestradiol on endometrial metabolism and embryo survival in the ovariectomized ewe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029671"}
{"pmid": "1029674", "title": "Information needs at the research/corporate management interface.", "content": "Information needs at the research/corporate management interface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029674"}
{"pmid": "1029675", "title": "The adequacy of physicians' and pharmacists' sources for drug information.", "content": "The adequacy of physicians' and pharmacists' sources for drug information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029675"}
{"pmid": "1029676", "title": "Communicating about drugs.", "content": "Communicating about drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029676"}
{"pmid": "1029677", "title": "Consumers' methods of self-medication.", "content": "Consumers' methods of self-medication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029677"}
{"pmid": "1029680", "title": "CTFA information services.", "content": "CTFA information services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029680"}
{"pmid": "1029678", "title": "Collection, evaluation, and dissemination of drug interaction information by the APhA Drug Interactions Evaluation Program.", "content": "Collection, evaluation, and dissemination of drug interaction information by the APhA Drug Interactions Evaluation Program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029678"}
{"pmid": "1029682", "title": "The nurse and drug surveillance.", "content": "The nurse and drug surveillance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029682"}
{"pmid": "1029681", "title": "FDA's cosmetic data information system: the program, design and public access to data.", "content": "FDA's cosmetic data information system: the program, design and public access to data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029681"}
{"pmid": "1029679", "title": "Collection, storage, retrieval, and analysis of toxicological data using automated equipment and packaged software.", "content": "Collection, storage, retrieval, and analysis of toxicological data using automated equipment and packaged software.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029679"}
{"pmid": "1029683", "title": "Impact of otc efficacy review on the industry.", "content": "Impact of otc efficacy review on the industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029683"}
{"pmid": "1029684", "title": "Effective industry/FDA liaison.", "content": "Effective industry/FDA liaison.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029684"}
{"pmid": "1029689", "title": "Minicomputer system for product and ingredient information retrieval.", "content": "Minicomputer system for product and ingredient information retrieval.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029689"}
{"pmid": "1029685", "title": "Physician prescribing patterns. I. Technical aspects and initial analyses.", "content": "Physician prescribing patterns. I. Technical aspects and initial analyses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029685"}
{"pmid": "1029687", "title": "Use of a project management system on new drug development.", "content": "Use of a project management system on new drug development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029687"}
{"pmid": "1029691", "title": "Meddoc three years later.", "content": "Meddoc three years later.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029691"}
{"pmid": "1029688", "title": "Data processing coordination in NDA preparation.", "content": "Data processing coordination in NDA preparation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029688"}
{"pmid": "1029690", "title": "Drug information communication via television.", "content": "Drug information communication via television.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029690"}
{"pmid": "1029708", "title": "Occupational Safety & Health Act--on multiemployer jobsite, when employees of any employer are affected by noncompliance with a safety standard, employer in control of work area violates act; employer not in control of work area does not violate act, even if his own employees are affected, provided the hazard is \"nonserious\".", "content": "Occupational Safety & Health Act--on multiemployer jobsite, when employees of any employer are affected by noncompliance with a safety standard, employer in control of work area violates act; employer not in control of work area does not violate act, even if his own employees are affected, provided the hazard is \"nonserious\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029708"}
{"pmid": "1029711", "title": "Sound-spectrographic cry analysis of normal and abnormal newborn infants. A review and a recommendation for standardization of the cry characteristics.", "content": "Sound-spectrographic cry analysis of normal and abnormal newborn infants. A review and a recommendation for standardization of the cry characteristics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029711"}
{"pmid": "1029709", "title": "Autobiographical considerations on aphasic rehabilitation.", "content": "Autobiographical considerations on aphasic rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029709"}
{"pmid": "1029686", "title": "The international register of lithium babies.", "content": "The international register of lithium babies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029686"}
{"pmid": "1029699", "title": "Physician maldistribution: can group practice come to the rescue?", "content": "Physician maldistribution: can group practice come to the rescue?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029699"}
{"pmid": "1029713", "title": "A cephalometric study of structures of the head and neck during sustained phonation of covered and open qualities.", "content": "A cephalometric study of structures of the head and neck during sustained phonation of covered and open qualities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029713"}
{"pmid": "1029700", "title": "Bringing the mountain to Mohammed.", "content": "Bringing the mountain to Mohammed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029700"}
{"pmid": "1029717", "title": "Evaluation and outcome of traumatic aphasia in patients with severe verified focal lesions.", "content": "Evaluation and outcome of traumatic aphasia in patients with severe verified focal lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029717"}
{"pmid": "1029704", "title": "Buying in - selling out.", "content": "Buying in - selling out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029704"}
{"pmid": "1029701", "title": "Wall Streeters need doctors, too.", "content": "Wall Streeters need doctors, too.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029701"}
{"pmid": "1029706", "title": "HMO's--worth the risk?", "content": "HMO's--worth the risk?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029706"}
{"pmid": "1029702", "title": "You're okay, we're all okay.", "content": "You're okay, we're all okay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029702"}
{"pmid": "1029703", "title": "Rural America. Green pastures for group practice.", "content": "Rural America. Green pastures for group practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029703"}
{"pmid": "1029722", "title": "Coxsackie virus infection simulating smallpox.", "content": "Coxsackie virus infection simulating smallpox.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029722"}
{"pmid": "1029723", "title": "Naevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis of Hoffmann-Zurhelle.", "content": "Naevus lipomatosus cutaneous superficialis of Hoffmann-Zurhelle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029723"}
{"pmid": "1029724", "title": "Buschke-Loewenstein tumour.", "content": "Buschke-Loewenstein tumour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029724"}
{"pmid": "1029725", "title": "The effects of dark isolation on the performance of a white-black discrimination task in the rat.", "content": "The effects of dark isolation on the performance of a white-black discrimination task in the rat. Four experiments were performed on rats using a white-black discrimination task. In Exp. 1 the animals that were isolated in darkness for four hours after each learning trial performed with fewer errors than the animals that spent the same posttrial periods in enriched environments in groups. In Exp. 2 training was carried further and retention after 10 days was investigated. The isolated animals again performed with fewer errors. In Exp. 3 a control was added to the Isolated and Enriched conditions. Animals in the control group were returned to their home cages after each training trial. No difference was found between Enriched and Control animals. In Exp 4 Dark-Isolated, Light-Isolated, Dark-Crowded and Light-Crowded groups were used. The performance of the two Dark-treated groups was superior to that of the Light-treated groups. The findings are discussed with reference to interference and consolidation theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029725"}
{"pmid": "1029705", "title": "Medical audits: how Marshfield charts its course.", "content": "Medical audits: how Marshfield charts its course.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029705"}
{"pmid": "1029707", "title": "Labor relations: the future is now!", "content": "Labor relations: the future is now!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029707"}
{"pmid": "1029726", "title": "Alteration of escape from rewarding electrical brain stimulation by D-amphetamine.", "content": "Alteration of escape from rewarding electrical brain stimulation by D-amphetamine. Rats were trained both to barpress for and escape from locus coeruleus, midbrain periaqueductal gray and hypothalamic stimulation. Rate-intensity functions for intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) behavior and latency-intensity functions for escape behavior were obtained for each electrode site in each animal. Following baseline, d-amphetamine was administered and responding was compared with the saline condition for both rate-intensity and latency-intensity functions. ICSS response rates were enhanced by d-amphetamine at all loci, particularly at threshold intensities, while escape responding was biphasically affected by d-amphetamine at all loci. D-amphetamine increased escape latencies at intensities which, under saline, elicited short escape latencies, while decreasing escape latencies at intensities which, under saline, elicited long escape latencies. A significant correspondence was noted between intensities which, under the influence of d-amphetamine, both elicited longer escape latencies and higher ICSS response rates, suggesting that in both ICSS and escape paradigms, animals were titrating the duration of the stimulus train. No site-specific effects of d-amphetamine upon escape behavior were noted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029726"}
{"pmid": "1029727", "title": "On time space and the cerebral hemispheres: a theoretical note.", "content": "On time space and the cerebral hemispheres: a theoretical note. The two well know dichotomies in hemispheric functions--temporal-spatial, and analysis-synthesis (extraction-integration)--are combined in a unified theory of cerebral dominance. The two dichotomies are first considered within the framework of a two-stage model of information processing, and subsequently reduced to the extraction and integration operations performed at each of the two stages. At the first stage, the respective operations of extraction and integration applied on the sensory stream yield the spatiotemporal organization of events. At the second stage, these operations are expressed in progressively more complex organizations such as verbal coding and pictorial imagery. The model is finally generalized into a multiple-stage model. Some empirical consequences are derived.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029727"}
{"pmid": "1029728", "title": "Lateralization of language and spatial functions in left-handed populations.", "content": "Lateralization of language and spatial functions in left-handed populations. The level of performance in the execution of a tactual-linguistic task was studied in two left-handed populations, one with language lateralized to the left and the other with language lateralized to the right hemisphere, according to Kimura's dichotic digit test. The results showed that left-handers with speech most likely lateralized to the left hemisphere performed significantly better in the tactual-linguistic task with the left hand, while the ones with speech probably lateralized to the right hemisphere, did better with the right hand. The data suggest that integration of functions asymmetrically represented is facilitated by their differential lateralization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029728"}
{"pmid": "1029729", "title": "Biochemical studies of taste sensation. V. Binding of quinine to bovine taste papillae and taste bud cells.", "content": "Biochemical studies of taste sensation. V. Binding of quinine to bovine taste papillae and taste bud cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029729"}
{"pmid": "1029730", "title": "Neuronal circuits involved in learning: the use of modifiable synapses in the simulation of behavior.", "content": "Neuronal circuits involved in learning: the use of modifiable synapses in the simulation of behavior. Our present knowledge of brain structure and function requires that any model of neuronal circuitry designed to account for learning must satisfy three conditions. It must (1) meet economy restrictions on the number of cells in the brain, (2) use the same set of cells to account for a number of different behaviors, and (3) not require a detailed embryological specification of its connections. Previously published models have failed to meet one or more of these conditions. In this paper, a model is presented which does satisfy them, and in doing so accounts in detail for classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and other learning tasks. The model employs the types of synapses proposed by Burke and Hebb in simple modular circuits as a means of providing independent storage of information at each modifiable synapse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029730"}
{"pmid": "1029731", "title": "Sometimes a \"non-returnable\" basis for drugs is justified.", "content": "Sometimes a \"non-returnable\" basis for drugs is justified.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029731"}
{"pmid": "1029719", "title": "Two eastern schools train health care engineers.", "content": "Two eastern schools train health care engineers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029719"}
{"pmid": "1029733", "title": "The pharmacy director of the future: a specialized generalist?", "content": "The pharmacy director of the future: a specialized generalist?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029733"}
{"pmid": "1029732", "title": "A pharmacist's experience in a teaching program for patients on anticoagulant medication.", "content": "A pharmacist's experience in a teaching program for patients on anticoagulant medication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029732"}
{"pmid": "1029734", "title": "Pharmaceutical services for the primary care health team.", "content": "Pharmaceutical services for the primary care health team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029734"}
{"pmid": "1029735", "title": "Planning for pharmacy service in a small hospital.", "content": "Planning for pharmacy service in a small hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029735"}
{"pmid": "1029736", "title": "\"What is your address and phone number, Dr. Wallace?\".", "content": "\"What is your address and phone number, Dr. Wallace?\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029736"}
{"pmid": "1029721", "title": "Multihospital and inhouse MEs arrive at conclusions.", "content": "Multihospital and inhouse MEs arrive at conclusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029721"}
{"pmid": "1029720", "title": "Productivity management: integral element in the management process.", "content": "Productivity management: integral element in the management process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029720"}
{"pmid": "1029737", "title": "A question: should pharmacists make permanent entries on patients' charts?", "content": "A question: should pharmacists make permanent entries on patients' charts?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029737"}
{"pmid": "1029718", "title": "Certification would hinder systems engineers.", "content": "Certification would hinder systems engineers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029718"}
{"pmid": "1029738", "title": "A question: should pharmacists make permanent entries on patients' charts? Answers.", "content": "A question: should pharmacists make permanent entries on patients' charts? Answers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029738"}
{"pmid": "1029739", "title": "Establishing modern pharmacy service in a large mental hospital.", "content": "Establishing modern pharmacy service in a large mental hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029739"}
{"pmid": "1029740", "title": "Evaluation by physicians of a pharmacy newsletter.", "content": "Evaluation by physicians of a pharmacy newsletter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029740"}
{"pmid": "1029742", "title": "On the pharmaceutical orphan.", "content": "On the pharmaceutical orphan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029742"}
{"pmid": "1029741", "title": "Adverse drug reactions: further controversy.", "content": "Adverse drug reactions: further controversy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029741"}
{"pmid": "1029743", "title": "On the pharmaceutical orphan.", "content": "On the pharmaceutical orphan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029743"}
{"pmid": "1029744", "title": "On the pharmaceutical orphan.", "content": "On the pharmaceutical orphan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029744"}
{"pmid": "1029746", "title": "On the subjectivity of personality theory.", "content": "On the subjectivity of personality theory. Every theorist of personality views the human condition from the unique perspective of his own individuality. As a consequence, personality theories are strongly influenced by personal and subjective factors. These influences are partially responsible for the present day lack of consensus in psychology as to basic conceptual frameworks for the study of man. The science of human personality can achieve a greater degree of consensus and generality only if it begins to turn back on itself and question its own psychological foundations. The role of subjective and personal factors in this field can be studied and made more explicit by means of a psychobiographical method which interprets the major ideas of personality theories in the light of the formative experiences in the respective theorists' lives. This method is briefly illustrated by an examination of the influence of personal experiences on theoretical concepts in the work of Carl Jung, Carl Rogers, Wilhelm Reich, and Gordon Allport. The subjective factors disclosed by psychobiographical analysis can bee seen to interact with influences stemming from the intellectual and historical context within which the theorist work. The psychobiographical study of personality theory is only one part of a larger discipline, the psychology of knowledge, which would study the role of subjective and personal factors in the structure of man's knowledge in general.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029746"}
{"pmid": "1029747", "title": "The need for accuracy in historiography.", "content": "The need for accuracy in historiography. Historiographers must be especially accurate in their citations and references. An article by Wettersten contained numerous incorrect references and citations, and factual errors. Corrections are provided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029747"}
{"pmid": "1029748", "title": "Response to Littman: the need for recognition of theory in historiography.", "content": "Response to Littman: the need for recognition of theory in historiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029748"}
{"pmid": "1029750", "title": "Factors contributing to osteomalacia in the elderly and in the Asian communities in the United Kingdom.", "content": "Factors contributing to osteomalacia in the elderly and in the Asian communities in the United Kingdom.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029750"}
{"pmid": "1029749", "title": "Haemoglobin changes, diet and anthropometric measurements in adolescent male detainees.", "content": "Haemoglobin changes, diet and anthropometric measurements in adolescent male detainees. A fall in haemoglobin noted in detainees in a Detention Centre in 1972 prompted a more detailed study to find possible reasons for this change. A significant fall in haemoglobin occurred between the first and third day after arrival, and no further fall had taken place eight weeks later. There was no evidence to suggest dehydration on arrival, or of any dietary deficiency during their stay. The fall in haemoglobin concentration occurred in non-smokers and smokers alike. It is suggested that the initial haemoglobin was higher than normal, possibly due to a physiological response to stress, and that it returned to normal by the third day when the boys had become accustomed to their new environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029749"}
{"pmid": "1029751", "title": "The role of carbohydrates, and of sugar in particular, in our diet.", "content": "The role of carbohydrates, and of sugar in particular, in our diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029751"}
{"pmid": "1029752", "title": "Dietitians in the EEC: 1. The Netherlands. A dietitian in a dental health programme.", "content": "Dietitians in the EEC: 1. The Netherlands. A dietitian in a dental health programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029752"}
{"pmid": "1029753", "title": "Computerised dietary calculations: an interactive approach.", "content": "Computerised dietary calculations: an interactive approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029753"}
{"pmid": "1029754", "title": "Computerised nutritional analysis in the dietetic department of a teaching hospital.", "content": "Computerised nutritional analysis in the dietetic department of a teaching hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029754"}
{"pmid": "1029756", "title": "Long-term intensive psychiatric hospital treatment. Coverage for psychiatric treatment.", "content": "Long-term intensive psychiatric hospital treatment. Coverage for psychiatric treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029756"}
{"pmid": "1029755", "title": "MAOIs and food-fact and fiction.", "content": "MAOIs and food-fact and fiction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029755"}
{"pmid": "1029757", "title": "Long-term intensive psychiatric hospital treatment. Claims review.", "content": "Long-term intensive psychiatric hospital treatment. Claims review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029757"}
{"pmid": "1029758", "title": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines. III. Isolation and preliminary characterization of so-called antigenic recombinant influenza viruses.", "content": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines. III. Isolation and preliminary characterization of so-called antigenic recombinant influenza viruses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029758"}
{"pmid": "1029759", "title": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines. IV. Segregation of antigenic and some biological properties of Influenza virus neuraminidase by recombination.", "content": "Recombinant influenza-virus vaccines. IV. Segregation of antigenic and some biological properties of Influenza virus neuraminidase by recombination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029759"}
{"pmid": "1029773", "title": "A qualitative and quantitative study of the fatty acid composition of selected micro-organisms.", "content": "A qualitative and quantitative study of the fatty acid composition of selected micro-organisms. Fatty acid content was found to be an important parameter in the identification and numerical taxonomy of many micro-organisms. Isolates of the same species and genus as well as members of many well defined groups, such as the Enterobacteriaceae, were included in the study. A direct methylation procedure of the bacteria was found to be accurate, efficient and rapid. Fatty acids were found to be reliable indicators of micro-organisms in group, generic, specific and strain identification. Other biochemical tests were especially valuable when used in conjunction with fatty acid profiles in identification and classification of the bacteria studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029773"}
{"pmid": "1029772", "title": "Cold-sensitive variants of Staphylococcus aureus and their stimulation by penicillins and cephalosporins.", "content": "Cold-sensitive variants of Staphylococcus aureus and their stimulation by penicillins and cephalosporins. Cold-sensitive (Cs) variants were obtained from ageing broth cultures of the Oxford strain of Staphylococcus aureus (NCTC 6571) and other penicillin-sensitive strains of this species. Growth of all strains was severely retarded on certain media at 30 degrees C but was stimulated by the addition of penicillins and cephalosporins. Revertants were derived which behaved as the parent cells did with respect to growth temperature requirements and response to these antibiotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029772"}
{"pmid": "1029806", "title": "Habituation of visually evoked responses in man: a study of its time course.", "content": "Habituation of visually evoked responses in man: a study of its time course. Twelve subjects were tested in a study of short-and long-term habituation of visually evoked responses to flashes with fixed and random interstimulus intervals. Long-term habituation was evalutated using blocks of 64 responses, and 'sliding' averages were calculated for estimation of the short-term habituation. Two measures of averaged evoked responses amplitude were used: N1-P2 amplitude and mean level of responses between 70 and 220 msec. A gradual decrease of amplitude of the vertex responses was observed during the first 3 min of stimulation, the greater part of this decrement occurring during the first 15 sec, with fixed interstimulus intervals. No decrement was observed with random interstimulus intervals. As the time course of long-term habituation may be influenced by fluctuations in the levels of arousal and attention, a decrement of the responses in a short period of stimulation is more likely to represent true habituation. The procedure of 'sliding' average presents some advantages over the averaging by ordinal positions used in some studies and is more satisfactory in investigations of such noncooperative subjects as psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029806"}
{"pmid": "1029805", "title": "Monoiodotyrosine: effects on tissue amines and cold survival.", "content": "Monoiodotyrosine: effects on tissue amines and cold survival. The effects of monoiodotyrosine (MIT) on cold survival and levels of tissue amines in rats were studied. MIT was found to impair cold suvival and to lower levels of norepinephrine (NE). These experiments confirm previous pharmacologic evidence that MIT has an anti-adrenergic effect. Cold stress lowered brain NE levels but failed to lower brain dopamine levels, a finding consistent with current views of the role of brain mechanisms in temperature regulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029805"}
{"pmid": "1029807", "title": "Bioavailabiltity and side effects of different lithium carbonate products.", "content": "Bioavailabiltity and side effects of different lithium carbonate products. Among the three lithium preparations tested, no significant difference was found in the bioavailability, as expressed in serum and erythrocyte lithium concentrations and urinary lithium output. The side effect reports, however, varied significantly among the types of lithium under study. The slower the absorption of a particular preparation, the fewer the side effects. The results of this study support the view that preference should be given to lithium preparations with slow-release properites, particularly in side-effect-prone subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029807"}
{"pmid": "1029809", "title": "Application of factor analytic procedures to complex evoked potential measurements in psychiatric research.", "content": "Application of factor analytic procedures to complex evoked potential measurements in psychiatric research. Several factor analytic procedures were applied to data gathered with a modified somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) recovery function prodecure in 56 non-patients and 224 psychiatric inpatients. The data were analyzed for each option reflected in three main issues. (1) Which group should be used for calculating the basic factor structure--normals only or all subjects? (2) Should measurements be preadjusted for covariance with variables known to obscure events of interest? (3) Should varimax rotation be used, or are principal components sufficient? Using two criteria, interpretability of factors in relation to experimental design, and their ability to discriminate clinical groups, it appeared that: (1) choice of either population yielded similar results; (2) when measurements were pre-adjusted for covariance more interpretable factors, which also yielded clinical discriminations, were obtained by varimax rotations than by principal components, and (3) when data were not adjusted by covariance, principal component analysis produced a factor which, although less interpretable in relation to experimental design than the varimax factors, provided equivalent clinical discriminations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029809"}
{"pmid": "1029808", "title": "Glucose-insulin metabolism in herion addicts.", "content": "Glucose-insulin metabolism in herion addicts. The insulinemic and glycemic response to a glucose load (100 g per os) was studied in 21 heroin addicts, 16 males and 5 females, age 16-28 years, history of addiction lasting from 6 months to 4 years with heroin alone (from 0.5 to 1.5 g/day i.v.). Nine normal sujects, from the hospital staff, 4 females and 5 males matched for age were use as control. The insulinemic and glycemic response to a glucose load was examined immediately after hospitalization, while the patients were still on heroin, 48 h later off drugs, and in 10 of the 21 cases 5 days later still off drugs. From the results obtained, it appears that in heroin addicts the glycemic response to the glucose load shows a delayed peak time. The insulin curves show increased insulin peaks, delayed peak time and prolonged hyperinsulinemia. The pathomechanism of heroin in inducing the above-metioned impairments is discussed, taking also in cosideration the possible influence of the drug on the neurotransmitter regulation of insulin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029808"}
{"pmid": "1029810", "title": "Short term effects of feeding male subjects with glucose syrup fractions and D-glucose.", "content": "Short term effects of feeding male subjects with glucose syrup fractions and D-glucose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029810"}
{"pmid": "1029811", "title": "Effect of dietary iron level on efficiency of converting food iron into hemoglobin by the anemic rat.", "content": "Effect of dietary iron level on efficiency of converting food iron into hemoglobin by the anemic rat. The effects of varying the dietary levels of ferrous sulfate or ferric orthophosphate on the efficiency of the conversion of dietary iron into hemoglobin iron, was evaluated with the anemic rat. Weanling male rats were made anemic by feeding a semipurified diet containing 8.4 mg iron/kg, and by bleeding. They were divided into nine groups so that hemoglobin levels and body weights were similar. The rats were fed the basal diet or basal diet plus 12, 24, 36 and 48 mg iron/kg diet provided as ferrous sulfate or ferric orthophosphate. The rats were fed 10 g daily of the respective diets for 10 consecutive days. The efficiency of the conversion of dietary iron into hemoglobin iron was not significantly affected by dietary level of either iron salt. It was determined that ferric orthophosphate was 51% as efficient as ferrous sulfate for hemoglobin regeneration in the anemic rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029811"}
{"pmid": "1029812", "title": "Regulation of blood pyridoxal phosphate in riboflavin deficiency in man.", "content": "Regulation of blood pyridoxal phosphate in riboflavin deficiency in man. Synthesis and breakdown of pyridoxal phosphate by erythrocytes were studied in subjects with oral lesions before and after treatment with riboflavin. In vivo conversion of pyridoxine to pyridoxal phosphate as well as in vitro synthesis of pyridoxal phosphate by erythrocytes were lower in subjects with lesions of the mouth and improved markedly after treatment with riboflavin. Erythrocyte phosphatase activity, with pyridoxal phosphate as substrate, was lower in riboflavin-deficient subjects and showed an increase after treatment with riboflavin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029812"}
{"pmid": "1029813", "title": "The importance of motivation in the adherence to dietary advice. A one-year follow-up study of middle-aged women with a supposed risk to develop diabetes.", "content": "The importance of motivation in the adherence to dietary advice. A one-year follow-up study of middle-aged women with a supposed risk to develop diabetes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029813"}
{"pmid": "1029814", "title": "Effects of a fat-reduced diet on the faecal excretion of radioactivity following administration of 14C-cholic acid and on the duodenal concentration of bile salts in patients with ileal disease.", "content": "Effects of a fat-reduced diet on the faecal excretion of radioactivity following administration of 14C-cholic acid and on the duodenal concentration of bile salts in patients with ileal disease. The fraction of faecal radioactivity excreted after intravenous administration of 14C-labelled cholic acid decreased in most patients with ileopathy and bile salt malabsorption when the dietary daily fat content was reduced from 100 to 40 g. The decreased faecal cholic acid loss might be due to increased bile salt absorption and decreased emptying of the gall-bladder on the fat-reduced diet. A simplified method to determine the corrected 24-hour excretion of radiologically labelled bile salts is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029814"}
{"pmid": "1029816", "title": "Thymic weight in pantothenic acid deficiency.", "content": "Thymic weight in pantothenic acid deficiency. The purpose of this note is to emphasize the significant effects of nutritional factors, in this case pantothenic acid, on growth and development of rat thymus. Low antibody titers against various infectious agents in pantothenic acid deficiency and skin graft tolerance in pyridoxine deficiency warrant an assessment of the effects of vitamins on the growth and development of the thymus and consequently on the immune response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029816"}
{"pmid": "1029815", "title": "The effect of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions on metabolism and insulin secretion in rats on a controlled feeding regimen.", "content": "The effect of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions on metabolism and insulin secretion in rats on a controlled feeding regimen. The metabolic effect of ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions, which are known to cause hyperphagia and obesity, has been studied in rats kept on a controlled light and food regimen. The animals were sacrificed at 4 different times during the second postoperative day. A feeding-induced hypersecretion of insulin was found to the VMH-lesioned animals. It was accompanied by a marked hypoglycemia as compared to the control groups during the feeding period. The glycogen content of liver and diaphragm in the lesioned groups is increased as compared to the controls during the same period. The VMH-lesioned animals showed hypertriglyceridemia both in the fed and fasted state, whereas the postabsorptive plasma levels of free fatty acids and glycerol were decreased. An increased level of urea was observed in all lesioned groups. This is in accordance with the demonstrated protein catabolism which follows VMH lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029815"}
{"pmid": "1029817", "title": "Erythropoietic response of anemic rats to enriched white bread and bread ash.", "content": "Erythropoietic response of anemic rats to enriched white bread and bread ash. Iron-deficient rats were rehabilitated with diets supplying iron from white wheat bread, bread ash or ferrous sulfate as a standard. The relative biological value of iron in bread or its ash was greater when evaluated from red blood cell count than when estimated from hemoglobin concentration. Ash obtained by heating bread in a muffle furnace and reduced with hydrogen was more effective in stimulating blood cell production than could be accounted for by its iron content alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029817"}
{"pmid": "1029819", "title": "The influence of interrrupted vitamin D metabolism on acute low calcium adaptation in the rat.", "content": "The influence of interrrupted vitamin D metabolism on acute low calcium adaptation in the rat. The small intestine of animals place on a low calcium diet adapts to the dietary restriction by transporting calcium more efficiently. Adaptation has been observed in most mammalian species; however, the mechanism of adaptation has not been well defined. Recent evidence indicates that 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2-D3], the active metabolite of vitamin D, may be involved in the process of adaptation. The present study was designed to examine the inflluence of experimental interruption of vitamin D metabolism on acute low calcium adaptation. Partial hepatectomy, cortisone treatment and dietary strontium supplements were used to inhibit the production of 1,25(OH)2-D3. In separate experiments partial hepatectomy produced a 38% reduction in adaptation; cortisone treatment (5 mg/day, s.c.) caused a 88% reduction and dietary strontium abolished adaptation completely. The possible roles of parathyroid hormone and 1,25(OH)2-D3 and their relationships in the process of adaptation are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029819"}
{"pmid": "1029818", "title": "Influence of litter size on lipid composition in infant mice.", "content": "Influence of litter size on lipid composition in infant mice. The amount of milk available to each member of the litter was varied by adjusting the number of mice pups to 4, 8 or 12 per dam. The total fatty acid content of the carcass of the young increased for 2 weeks, and there was more in the well-fed groups. The fatty acid contents decreased thereafter transiently in all groups until weaning. The milk diet contributed major quantities of lauric and myristic acids to peripheral tissues but not to the liver. Undernourishment during neonatal life was associated with a relative reduction in palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acids in lipids of the carcass. In contrast the carcass of the progeny subjected to overall dietary abundance showed relative increase in palmitoleic, oleic and linoleic acids at the expense of stearic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029818"}
{"pmid": "1029820", "title": "Effect of protracted intermittent fasting on the activities of enzymes involved in energy metabolism, and on the concentrations of glycogen, protein and DNA in skeletal muscle of obese women.", "content": "Effect of protracted intermittent fasting on the activities of enzymes involved in energy metabolism, and on the concentrations of glycogen, protein and DNA in skeletal muscle of obese women. In the quadriceps femoris muscle of obese women the glycogen concentration was significantly lower than in the control group, while protein and DNA values showed no significant differences. After 37 days of intermittent fasting, which consisted of repeated 5-day fasts alternating with 3-day intervals on 500 KCal/day with 60 g protein, in a group of 21 obese women a significant decline of the hexokinase activity in skeletal muscle was found. Other enzymes: triosophosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, malate dehydrogenase and hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase showed no significant changes. There was a significant fall in concentration of DNA and and glycogen, but the protein concentration did not change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029820"}
{"pmid": "1029821", "title": "Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age.", "content": "Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age. Pregnant guinea pigs were fed one of three diets: a control low-fat diet, or a high-fat diet containing maize oil or beef dripping. At birth some animals were killed and the remainder reared on the same diet as their mothers till 3 months old. Body weight, weight of various adipose tissue depots, size and number of fat cells were measured. Animals fed high-fat diets were fatter than control animals. On all diets females were fatter than males. In both instances the increase in adipose tissue mass was attributable to enlargement of fat cells. The composition of dietary fat had little influence on the cellularity of adipose tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029821"}
{"pmid": "1029822", "title": "Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age. II. The fatty acid composition of the lipids of liver, plasma, adipose tissue, muscle and red cell membranes at birth.", "content": "Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age. II. The fatty acid composition of the lipids of liver, plasma, adipose tissue, muscle and red cell membranes at birth. Pregnant guinea pigs were fed one of three diets: a commercial low-fat diet, or a high-fat diet containing maize oil or beef dripping. The young were killed at birth and the fatty acid composition of the lipids of the liver, plasma, adipose tissue, quadriceps muscle and red cell membranes was determined. Compared with those fed the commercial diet the tissue of the young of mothers fed maize oil had an increased percentage of linoleic acid whereas in those of the young of mothers fed beef dripping, the percentage of oleic acid was significantly higher. These changes occurred both in the triglycerides and in the membrane phospholipids (with the exceptin of sphingomyelins) of all tissues examined. These results demonstrate that the fatty acid composition of the tissue lipids of the newborn guinea pig can be influenced by the fatty acid composition of the maternal diet. Changes in the fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids can be as great as those in storage lipids. This raises the question of long-term physiological significance for the animal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029822"}
{"pmid": "1029823", "title": "Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age. III. The fatty acid composition of the lipids of plasma, adipose tissue, liver and muscle at 3 months of age.", "content": "Body lipids of guinea pigs exposed to different dietary fats from mid-gestation to 3 months of age. III. The fatty acid composition of the lipids of plasma, adipose tissue, liver and muscle at 3 months of age. Pregnant guinea pigs were fed one of three diets: a 'control' low-fat diet, or a high-fat diet containing maize oil or beef dripping. Offspring were reared on the same diet as their mothers and when they were 3 months old, fatty acid compositions of the lipids of the adipose tissue, blood plasma, liver and muscle were analysed. The proportion of linoleic acid was elevated in both the storage triglycerides and the tissue phosphoglycerides of animals fed 'maize' diet whereas in the 'beef' group the proportion of oleic acid was significantly elevated compared with controls. A substantial part of these diet-induced changes in tissue fatty acid composition had occurred by the time animal was born; only minor changes took place in the subsequent 3 months of feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029823"}
{"pmid": "1029845", "title": "Variations in mineralization of teeth in tissue culture.", "content": "Variations in mineralization of teeth in tissue culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029845"}
{"pmid": "1029856", "title": "Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.", "content": "Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029856"}
{"pmid": "1029858", "title": "Acute ulceration of stomach and duodenum.", "content": "Acute ulceration of stomach and duodenum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029858"}
{"pmid": "1029866", "title": "Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer.", "content": "Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029866"}
{"pmid": "1029864", "title": "Gastrins.", "content": "Gastrins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029864"}
{"pmid": "1029877", "title": "Posgastrectomy syndromes and their treatment.", "content": "Posgastrectomy syndromes and their treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029877"}
{"pmid": "1029871", "title": "New concepts on the medical treatment of peptic ulcer.", "content": "New concepts on the medical treatment of peptic ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029871"}
{"pmid": "1029879", "title": "The estimation of blood flow to hemodialyzers by bubble time.", "content": "The estimation of blood flow to hemodialyzers by bubble time. Reliable estimation of blood flow to hemodialyzers is essential to the accurate prescription of therapy. Customarily an air bubble is timed as it traverses a racetrack of known volume and blood flow is calculated from the formula Qb (ml/min) = (volume/BT) (60 sec/min). The linearity of this relationship has recently been questioned. Air bubble velocities were statistically fit to measured blood flows over 6 hematocrit values. From the resulting relationship, Qb (ml/min) = 62 (vol/L) (L/BT)0.96, one can generate a table relating velocity to flow for clinical use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029879"}
{"pmid": "1029881", "title": "Sequential ultrafiltration and diffusion as alternative to conventional hemodialysis.", "content": "Sequential ultrafiltration and diffusion as alternative to conventional hemodialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029881"}
{"pmid": "1029882", "title": "Some acid-base and metabolic aspects of high mass-transfer hemodialysis.", "content": "Some acid-base and metabolic aspects of high mass-transfer hemodialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029882"}
{"pmid": "1029878", "title": "Hemodialysis with single femoral vein catheter - reduced recirculation with short catheter.", "content": "Hemodialysis with single femoral vein catheter - reduced recirculation with short catheter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029878"}
{"pmid": "1029880", "title": "Performance and clinical use of a convertible hemodialysis (HD) - ultrafiltration (UF) system.", "content": "Performance and clinical use of a convertible hemodialysis (HD) - ultrafiltration (UF) system. A hemodialysis-ultrafiltration system has been developed and evaluated. It may be used either as a conventional hemodialyzer or as a nondialytic ultrafilter. When used as a dialyzer an ultrafiltration controller is required to fix ultrafiltration rate at the desired level. Rates of low molecular solute removal are compatible with those observed in commercially available artificial kidney systems, higher clearances are obtained for middle molecules, and the rate of ultrafiltration can be controlled within narrowly prescribed limits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029880"}
{"pmid": "1029884", "title": "Dihydrotachysterol (DHT) and supplemental calcium therapy in dialysis patients.", "content": "Dihydrotachysterol (DHT) and supplemental calcium therapy in dialysis patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029884"}
{"pmid": "1029886", "title": "LeVeen shunt (LS): long-term therapy for idiopathic ascites of chronic renal failure.", "content": "LeVeen shunt (LS): long-term therapy for idiopathic ascites of chronic renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029886"}
{"pmid": "1029889", "title": "Echocardiographic findings in stable hemodialysis patients.", "content": "Echocardiographic findings in stable hemodialysis patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029889"}
{"pmid": "1029883", "title": "Nutritional intake, somatomedin activity and linear growth in children undergoing hemodialysis.", "content": "Nutritional intake, somatomedin activity and linear growth in children undergoing hemodialysis. Reduced somatomedin activity was uniformly present pre-dialysis in 7 children with end-stage renal disease. Somatomedin activity improved in 6 of the 7 patients following a single 5 hr hemodialysis. Percent normal growth correlated with post-dialysis somatomedin activity in 6 of the 7 children. No correlation was present between percent normal growth and calorie or protein intake. Reduced somatomedin activity in children with end-stage renal disease appears to be due to a circulating uremic inhibitor(s). Somatomedin activity may be a useful in vitro test for adequacy of dialysis in children. Further efforts are necessary to identify the inhibitor(s) of somatomedin activity in uremia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029883"}
{"pmid": "1029890", "title": "Nonpercutaneous transmission of hepatitis B to the families of hemodialysis patients.", "content": "Nonpercutaneous transmission of hepatitis B to the families of hemodialysis patients. 1. Fifteen percent of the hemodialysis patients were carriers of HBsAg. 2. Thirty-one percent of the carriers' contacts had HBAb in their blood. 3. Spouse of carriers had a higher prevalence of positive HBAb than any other family contact. 4. Only 6 out of 17 patients transmitted the virus to their contacts. 5. None of the contacts of the staff, with history of hepatitis B, had evidence of hepatitis. 6. Contacts with positive HBAb had no evidence of active liver disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029890"}
{"pmid": "1029885", "title": "Effects of decreasing dialysate magnesium in patients with chronic renal failure.", "content": "Effects of decreasing dialysate magnesium in patients with chronic renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029885"}
{"pmid": "1029891", "title": "Improved survival in older, sicker patients begun on maintenance hemodialysis.", "content": "Improved survival in older, sicker patients begun on maintenance hemodialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029891"}
{"pmid": "1029892", "title": "Acetate levels in human plasma.", "content": "Acetate levels in human plasma. We have developed a gas liquid chromatographic assay for plasma acetate which detects 0.01 mM and has a standard deviation of less than 16% of the mean at 0.05 mM. The acetate concentration of venous blood obtained from normal subjects was 0.025 +/- 0.002 mM. The value was not significantly different from the venous acetate concentration of dialysis patients, prior to a dialysis treatment. The acetate concentration of arterial plasma obtained from dialysis patients prior to a hemodialysis treatment was 0.048 +/- 0.006 mM. This was significantly greater than the venous concentration of 0.027 +/- 0.002 (p less than 0.01). This arteriovenous difference suggests that acetate is utilized peripherally. At the onset of hemodialysis, acetate concentrations rapidly rose and, in all but one case, reached a steady state value in the range of 1.5-5.1 mM. At the termination of dialysis, acetate concentrations fell rapidly, usually achieving baseline values within one hr. The rate of decrease was not a simple logarithmic function, suggesting that acetate metabolism is not solely a first order function. Furthermore, acetate disappearance was more rapid in the dialysis patients than in the normal subjects. We wish to emphasize that the present data, which were obtained on a small number of subjects are preliminary and should be interpreted with caution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029892"}
{"pmid": "1029893", "title": "Long-term minoxidil therapy in patients with refractory hypertension and renal disease.", "content": "Long-term minoxidil therapy in patients with refractory hypertension and renal disease. Minoxidil, an orally effective vasodilator, was successful in lowering blood pressure in 22 patients, followed up for up to 3 yrs, with hypertension refractory to medical management, including both antihypertensive drug combinations and ultrafiltration. In nondialysis patients renal function was preserved and in dialysis patients bilateral nephrectomy was avoided. Although sodium retention and reflex tachycardia were common, they were managed by beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol and diuresis with furosemide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029893"}
{"pmid": "1029888", "title": "Anemia in dialysis patients - inevitable or correctable?", "content": "Anemia in dialysis patients - inevitable or correctable?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029888"}
{"pmid": "1029887", "title": "Studies on the mechanism of the anemia of renal insufficiency.", "content": "Studies on the mechanism of the anemia of renal insufficiency. 1. The present studies have demonstrated that the titers of erythropoietin may be elevated to varying degrees in patients with anemia associated with end-stage renal disease. However, the increase in erythropoietin titers was apparently not sufficient to meet the increase in demand for new red blood cells created by their shortened life span and the inhibitors of heme synthesis and/or erythroid colony forming cells (CFU-E). 2. Inhibitors of heme synthesis were demonstrated in the plasma of some but not all patients with anemia associated with renal disease and in rabbits 72 hrs following bilateral nephrectomy. 3. CFU-E were both increased and decreased in the bone marrows of the chronic anemic uremic rabbits, when compared with that of sham operated controls, 14 and 21 days after 5/6th nephrectomy and depended on the rate of regeneration of the renal erythropoietic and excretory functions. CFU-E in marrows of 5/6th nephrectomy rabbits were decreased after 35 days. 4. An inhibitor of CFU-E was increased in the sera from chronic anemic uremic rabbits, when compared with that of the sham-operated controls, 35 days after 5/6th nephrectomy. 5. It is possible that in the anemia of uremia in addition to inadequate production of erythropoietin there is a defect in the differentiation of the CFU-E into the heme synthesizing erythroid series due to the presence of a specific inhibitor of CFU-E and/or heme synthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029887"}
{"pmid": "1029910", "title": "Peripheral nerve injuries from intramuscular injection of drugs.", "content": "Peripheral nerve injuries from intramuscular injection of drugs. 17 patients who were treated at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital for peripheral nerve paralysis resulting from intramuscular injection of drugs are analyzed. Ten of them were below the age of 5 years. Sciatic nerve was affected in 16 patients and only one patient had median nerve paralysis. Penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, paraldehyde and optalgin were some of the offending drugs. The prognosis was poor as only three patients achieved a partial recovery of function in the paralyzed nerves. With determination and public education, this iatrogenic tragedy could be eradicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029910"}
{"pmid": "1029906", "title": "The renal escape from the sodium retaining effect of mineralocorticoids in spontaneously hypertensive rats.", "content": "The renal escape from the sodium retaining effect of mineralocorticoids in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The effects of mineralocorticoids on urine and electrolyte excretion were studied in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats of Okamoto-Aoki strain and in normotensive white albino wistar strain rats. Sodium excretion fell from 0.568 meq/day to 0.336 meq/day a reduction of 40%, on the 4th day of steroid administration in the SH rats whilst a 30% reduction was observed on the 6th day in normotensive rats whilst urine volumes were not significantly altered in both groups. Similarly, the phase of acute sodium retention was reversed (renal escape) earlier in the SH rats on the 7th experimental day when further administration of mineralocorticoids resulted in a two-fold increased in sodium excretion. Urine volumes were significantly increased during this phase. The pattern of response in SH rats differ significantly in time and magnitude from the normotensive controls. As the renal escape phenomenon is linked with extracellular volume regulation these results highlight the exaggerated sensitivity to increases in blood volume associated with genetic spontaneous hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029906"}
{"pmid": "1029909", "title": "Biological assay of Cassia podocarpa: a plant related to senna.", "content": "Biological assay of Cassia podocarpa: a plant related to senna. Leaves of the plant, Cassia podocarpa, were collected from Opah village near Accra, and dried. A suspension of the powdered leaf was given by gavage to groups of ten mice. A record was kept of the number of wet faeces passed in 24 hours. There was a linear relationship between the log dose of leaf and the number of wet faeces. The effect was maximal between 6 and 24 hours of administration and was larger than has been noted with senna.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029909"}
{"pmid": "1029908", "title": "Biochemical studies of acetylcholine esterase inhibitor present in Eugenia caryophyllus.", "content": "Biochemical studies of acetylcholine esterase inhibitor present in Eugenia caryophyllus. Water, saline and ethanol extracts of Eugenia caryophyllus inhibited brain acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. Inhibitory action of the saline extract was greater than that of other extracts. The most active fraction of the saline extract obtained by chromatography through Sephadex G25 and DEAE cellulose columns and elution with tris and phosphate buffers (pH. 7.1) exhibited reactions characteristic of phenols, amino compounds and uronic acid. It is, therefore, suggested that the active inhibitor is a complex glycoside containing phenol and uronic acid part structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029908"}
{"pmid": "1029907", "title": "Metabolic activities and chemotherapy of Schistosoma mansoni.", "content": "Metabolic activities and chemotherapy of Schistosoma mansoni.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029907"}
{"pmid": "1029911", "title": "Nivaquine and urethral pain.", "content": "Nivaquine and urethral pain. Two patients, one Jewish and the other Nigerian, were investigated for pain in the urethra. They were both fully treated along the usual lines without any change in the pain. The Jewish patient was later found to be sensitive to chloroquine. When ingestion of this drug was discontinued, his urethral pain disappeared after about four months. The Nigerian patient was advised along the same lines when it was found that he too took chloroquine for malarial attacks regularly. He had total symptomatic relief. The probable relationship between chloroquine and urethral pain is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029911"}
{"pmid": "1029912", "title": "Increase of electrocardiogram voltage and contractile force of the frog's heart induced by chloroquine.", "content": "Increase of electrocardiogram voltage and contractile force of the frog's heart induced by chloroquine. The increase in the amplitude of the E.C.G. and ventricular contractile force induced by chloroquine sulphate was studied in frogs. It was shown that changes originated in the midbrain and were mediated through the sympathetic nervous system. The transmitter was recognized as a beta-adrenergic agent. The possible mechanism of action of chloroquine on the CNS responsible for the phenomenon observed was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029912"}
{"pmid": "1029894", "title": "Long-term follow-up of bovine graft arteriovenous fistulas.", "content": "Long-term follow-up of bovine graft arteriovenous fistulas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029894"}
{"pmid": "1029895", "title": "A new treatment of infected bovine graft arteriovenous fistulas.", "content": "A new treatment of infected bovine graft arteriovenous fistulas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029895"}
{"pmid": "1029896", "title": "Vascular access for dialysis: conversion of a scribner shunt to an arteriovenous fistula.", "content": "Vascular access for dialysis: conversion of a scribner shunt to an arteriovenous fistula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029896"}
{"pmid": "1029899", "title": "Protection from hyperbaric oxygen intoxication by some derivatives of alpha-detoglutaric acid.", "content": "Protection from hyperbaric oxygen intoxication by some derivatives of alpha-detoglutaric acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029899"}
{"pmid": "1029897", "title": "A prospective study of the effectiveness of three permanent peritoneal catheters.", "content": "A prospective study of the effectiveness of three permanent peritoneal catheters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029897"}
{"pmid": "1029945", "title": "Coronary risk factor screening with maximal stress exercise testing in management personnel.", "content": "Coronary risk factor screening with maximal stress exercise testing in management personnel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029945"}
{"pmid": "1029995", "title": "The study of energy metabolism in obese patients.", "content": "The study of energy metabolism in obese patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1029995"}
{"pmid": "1030006", "title": "[Internal medicine complications after intestinal bypass-surgery].", "content": "[Internal medicine complications after intestinal bypass-surgery].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030006"}
{"pmid": "1030161", "title": "Mechanism of bilirubin transfer into the liver.", "content": "Mechanism of bilirubin transfer into the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030161"}
{"pmid": "1030163", "title": "The effect of allyloestrenol on human chorionic somatomammotropin synthesis of the placenta during normal pregnancy.", "content": "The effect of allyloestrenol on human chorionic somatomammotropin synthesis of the placenta during normal pregnancy. The effect of allyloestrenol on human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) level in healthy pregnant women in the fifth to eighth months of gestation has been studied by radioimmune techniques. The HCS level showed a significant increase within 10 to 12 days. According to the results, allyloestrenol exerts a stimulating effect on the placental steroids as well as on HCS production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030163"}
{"pmid": "1030162", "title": "Pathogenesis of different types of jaundice.", "content": "Pathogenesis of different types of jaundice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030162"}
{"pmid": "1030164", "title": "Fatal BCG vaccination.", "content": "Fatal BCG vaccination. A female baby 7 weeks of age developed a fatal tuberculous disease following BCG vaccination. The infant had Swiss type agammaglobulinaemia, associated with oral thrush, pneumonitis, umbilical infection and chronic enteritis not responding to any treatment. Post mortem revealed an aplasia of the thymus, hypoplasia of the lymph system, miliary tuberculous foci in the lymph nodes, liver and spleen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030164"}
{"pmid": "1030165", "title": "Mucoviscidosis: total amylase activity of serum and mixed saliva in homozygous and heterozygous subjects.", "content": "Mucoviscidosis: total amylase activity of serum and mixed saliva in homozygous and heterozygous subjects. Total amylase activity of serum and mixed saliva was studied in homozygotes and heterozygotes for mucoviscidosis and in healthy subjects. Mean serum total activity was 269.0 +/- 113.7 U/l in the homozygotes, exceeding in nearly 50% of the cases the values given in the literature and those observed in the normal controls. The difference against the control group was significant (P less than 0.05). Mean serum total amylase activity of heterozygotes agreed with the mean value for the healthy group (203.5 +/- 79.5 U/l) without a significant difference. Total amylase activity in the saliva of homozygotes (148.700 +/- 65.700  U/l) was higher than in the heterozygotes /118.300 +/- 74.200 U/l) of the healthy children (51.700 +/- 26.500 U/l). The difference between the homozygous and healthy groups was strongly significant (P less than 0.01), and that between the heterozygous group and the combined healthy children and adult groups was also significant (P less than 0.05). In the heterozygotes, salivary amylase activity was slightly elevated but not significantly different from the control group and did not result in a change in serum total amylase activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030165"}
{"pmid": "1030166", "title": "Antepartum glucocorticoid treatment: the effect of prednisolone on umbilical blood glucose, plasma free fatty acids and individual free amino acid levels.", "content": "Antepartum glucocorticoid treatment: the effect of prednisolone on umbilical blood glucose, plasma free fatty acids and individual free amino acid levels. Blood glucose, plasma free fatty acid and individual free amino acid levels were measured in the cord blood of preterm newborns whose mothers had received prednisolone treatment to prevent RDS. No significant differences were found in either of the metabolites between the prednisolone treated and the control group of comparable gestational age and birth weight. The results suggest that corticosteroid treatment has no gross adverse effect on fuel homeostasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030166"}
{"pmid": "1030167", "title": "Prevention of respiratory distress syndrome by antenatal maternal steroid treatment.", "content": "Prevention of respiratory distress syndrome by antenatal maternal steroid treatment. A total of 107 women at risk of premature delivery received antepartum 45 to 60 mg prednisolone medication. Their babies were matched with comparable neonates of untreated mothers. The frequency of respiratory distress syndrome was 6/107 in the steroid-treated, and 33/107 in the control group. No maternal complications were seen. Neonatal mortality was lower in the pretreated group in which, however, a higher number of bronchopneumonia was observed. In 58 prednisolone-treated women labour could be delayed, and their infants were born at term. No stillbirth or intrauterine growth retardation occurred among them.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030167"}
{"pmid": "1030168", "title": "Chloride ion concentration in vaginal discharge and urine during puberty.", "content": "Chloride ion concentration in vaginal discharge and urine during puberty. In 27 prepubertal-pubertal girls the chloride ion concentration in vaginal discharge and urine was estimated four times during the menstrual cycle by means of a direct new micromethod using a Cl-selective electrode. In pubertal girls the chloride content showed changes both in vaginal discharge and in urine; the latter changed practically parallel with the vaginal value. A sharp rise in chloride content characteristic of normal ovulation was observed in 5 patients free from hormonal disturbances, while there were significant differences during ovulation 5 times and in the premenstrual phase 6 times in the girls with hormonal disturbances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030168"}
{"pmid": "1030172", "title": "Cardiovascular  reactivity in hypertension due to unilateral renal artery stenosis before and after contralateral nephrectomy.", "content": "Cardiovascular  reactivity in hypertension due to unilateral renal artery stenosis before and after contralateral nephrectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030172"}
{"pmid": "1030171", "title": "Steroid metabolism in rat submaxillary glands.", "content": "Steroid metabolism in rat submaxillary glands. The ability of rat submaxillary gland to metabolize C21 steroids was studied by culturing explants with labeled progesterone, pregnenolone and 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. The metabolites isolated were identified by paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography and combined gas liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The radiochemical purity of certain metabolites was confirmed by recrystallization to constant specific activity. The capability of this gland to reduce C21 steroids was confirmed with the isolation of 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one and 5 alpha-pregnane-3 alpha, 20 beta-diol. The presence of delta 5, 3 beta hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase was shown by the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone. Only in the incubations with 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone a compound with a molecular weight 290 was detected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030171"}
{"pmid": "1030173", "title": "A depressant cortical reaction induced by afferent stimulation.", "content": "A depressant cortical reaction induced by afferent stimulation. A depressant reaction of the electrocortical activity of the brain cortex is described. The changes consist in decrease in the amplitude and frequency of the basal waves of the electrocorticogram together with the appearance of slow waves similar to those of the sleep state. The results are more clear upon the dendritic action potentials induced by the topical application of strychnine or mescaline. They include a rise in the threshold to the electrical stimulation applied to elicit these potentials together with a lengthening of their latencies. The depressant effects were obtained by low threshold vagal, carotid sinus, low threshold sciatic and tactile afferent stimulation. Similar depressant effects were produced by serotonin (5-HT) topically applied. The effects of afferent stimulation were reduced in magnitude by an intracisternal injection of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine. A serotonergic mechanism acting in a diffuse, humoral, way is postulated. The methodological importance of studying the strychnine or mescaline spikes is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030173"}
{"pmid": "1030174", "title": "The effect of drugs containing -SH and -S-S- groups on the stability of mouse liver lysosomes.", "content": "The effect of drugs containing -SH and -S-S- groups on the stability of mouse liver lysosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030174"}
{"pmid": "1030175", "title": "Intestinal pathology in a freshwater teleost, Channa punctatus (bloch) exposed to sub-lethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides.", "content": "Intestinal pathology in a freshwater teleost, Channa punctatus (bloch) exposed to sub-lethal and chronic levels of three organophosphorus insecticides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030175"}
{"pmid": "1030176", "title": "Effect of hypobaric hypoxia on erythrocytic glycolysis and 2,3 - DPG in rodents.", "content": "Effect of hypobaric hypoxia on erythrocytic glycolysis and 2,3 - DPG in rodents. Glycolytic activity of red cells was determined in mice, rats and rabbits submitted to 4 700 and/or 6 000 m simulated altitude for variable periods of time and in controls at sea level. In all the species studied, glycolysis was found to be increased by the third week of exposure. 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) content was measured in rats submitted to simulated altitude for 4 to 66 days. A highly significant increase, which was higher at 4 700 than at 6 000 m, was found from the first days of exposure and throughout the whole experimental period. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that variable DPG changes in different degrees of hypoxia are related to its ability to increase oxygen release to the tissues and negatively correlated with hematocrit increase. The data show that the increase in red cell glycolysis is only a temporary effect of relatively severe hypoxia, not related with changes in DPG concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030176"}
{"pmid": "1030177", "title": "Programmed stimulator for threshold of action potential.", "content": "Programmed stimulator for threshold of action potential. A programmed digital stimulator is described, in which the pulse generator can be regulated in frequency and duration. The output pulses amplitude increases automatically by increments under 5% of the previous step, sequence which allows a much better approximation to the threshold value of action potential. A photographic camera is synchronized for recording. The power supplies, pulse duration generator, binary counter, converter, pulse control, and detector circuits are given in detail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030177"}
{"pmid": "1030178", "title": "Effect of syngeneic RNA pretreatment on the growth of an allogeneic mouse tumor.", "content": "Effect of syngeneic RNA pretreatment on the growth of an allogeneic mouse tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030178"}
{"pmid": "1030181", "title": "Characterization of the biochemical mechanism of action of alpha-(N)-heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones.", "content": "Characterization of the biochemical mechanism of action of alpha-(N)-heterocyclic carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030181"}
{"pmid": "1030183", "title": "Synthesis of small polynucleotide chains in human lymphoblasts pretreated with methotrexate: A possible mechanism for DNA chain growth.", "content": "Synthesis of small polynucleotide chains in human lymphoblasts pretreated with methotrexate: A possible mechanism for DNA chain growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030183"}
{"pmid": "1030182", "title": "Adenosine metabolism in cultured lymphoid cells.", "content": "Adenosine metabolism in cultured lymphoid cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030182"}
{"pmid": "1030184", "title": "Insulin, glucagon, and the liver.", "content": "Insulin, glucagon, and the liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030184"}
{"pmid": "1030185", "title": "Regulation of succinate dehydrogenase: does the membrane environment change the catalytic activity of the enzyme?", "content": "Regulation of succinate dehydrogenase: does the membrane environment change the catalytic activity of the enzyme?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030185"}
{"pmid": "1030187", "title": "Gene interactions in germ differentiation of Drosophila.", "content": "Gene interactions in germ differentiation of Drosophila.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030187"}
{"pmid": "1030186", "title": "Genetic differences in the metabolism of carcinogens and in the binding of benzo (a) pyrene metabolites to DNA.", "content": "Genetic differences in the metabolism of carcinogens and in the binding of benzo (a) pyrene metabolites to DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030186"}
{"pmid": "1030188", "title": "Allosterism, regulation and cooperativity: the case of ribonucleotide reductase of Lactobacillus leichmannii.", "content": "Allosterism, regulation and cooperativity: the case of ribonucleotide reductase of Lactobacillus leichmannii.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030188"}
{"pmid": "1030189", "title": "The role of pharmacology in the education of health-care professionals (pharmacy).", "content": "The role of pharmacology in the education of health-care professionals (pharmacy).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030189"}
{"pmid": "1030190", "title": "Terminal behavioral objectives for teaching clinical toxicology to clinical pharmacists.", "content": "Terminal behavioral objectives for teaching clinical toxicology to clinical pharmacists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030190"}
{"pmid": "1030191", "title": "Clinical pharmacokinetics--its impact on instruction in clinical pharmacy and pharmacology.", "content": "Clinical pharmacokinetics--its impact on instruction in clinical pharmacy and pharmacology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030191"}
{"pmid": "1030192", "title": "Clinical pharmacokinetic service and research--present status and future goals at SUNY-Buffalo.", "content": "Clinical pharmacokinetic service and research--present status and future goals at SUNY-Buffalo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030192"}
{"pmid": "1030193", "title": "Physical parameters for monitoring patient care--a new direction in clinical pharmacy education.", "content": "Physical parameters for monitoring patient care--a new direction in clinical pharmacy education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030193"}
{"pmid": "1030194", "title": "Evaluation of students in the clinical setting.", "content": "Evaluation of students in the clinical setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030194"}
{"pmid": "1030196", "title": "The use of uselessness of the pharmacology laboratory in teaching pharmacology.", "content": "The use of uselessness of the pharmacology laboratory in teaching pharmacology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030196"}
{"pmid": "1030195", "title": "Directions in clinical pharmacy research.", "content": "Directions in clinical pharmacy research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030195"}
{"pmid": "1030197", "title": "The graduate training program in pharmacology at the University of Kansas School of Pharmacy.", "content": "The graduate training program in pharmacology at the University of Kansas School of Pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030197"}
{"pmid": "1030198", "title": "The graduate program in pharmacology at the Ohio State University College of Pharmacy.", "content": "The graduate program in pharmacology at the Ohio State University College of Pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030198"}
{"pmid": "1030199", "title": "A Master of Science degree in (clinical) pharmacology at the University of the Pacific.", "content": "A Master of Science degree in (clinical) pharmacology at the University of the Pacific.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030199"}
{"pmid": "1030200", "title": "Ambivalence as a sociological explanation: the case of cultural explanations of alcohol problems.", "content": "Ambivalence as a sociological explanation: the case of cultural explanations of alcohol problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030200"}
{"pmid": "1030201", "title": "Violent acts and violent times: a comparative approach to postwar homicide rates.", "content": "Violent acts and violent times: a comparative approach to postwar homicide rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030201"}
{"pmid": "1030202", "title": "Esterases in Biomphalaria glabrata (Mollusca: Pulmonata), characterization, polymorphism, inheritance pattern and interspecific differences.", "content": "Esterases in Biomphalaria glabrata (Mollusca: Pulmonata), characterization, polymorphism, inheritance pattern and interspecific differences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030202"}
{"pmid": "1030204", "title": "Studies on liposomes.", "content": "Studies on liposomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030204"}
{"pmid": "1030205", "title": "Spectral changes of nucleic acids and nucleotide solutions at the 190-220nm region.", "content": "Spectral changes of nucleic acids and nucleotide solutions at the 190-220nm region. Nucleic acids and nucleotide solutions have between 190 and 220 nm an hypo-bathochromic effect electrostatistically induced by acylic groups or by effective binding of several substances. In the former case, with DNA or RNA, the effect reverts through gel filtration and dialysis. In the latter case no reversion occurs. This is proposed as a probe for complex formation with the nucleic acid bases. Thermal denaturation of DNA solutions gives to the above mentioned maximum, an hyperchromicity somewhat different from the usually obtained at 260 nm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030205"}
{"pmid": "1030206", "title": "Genetic variation in two natural populations of Biomphalaria tenagophila: esterases and alcohol dehydrogenase.", "content": "Genetic variation in two natural populations of Biomphalaria tenagophila: esterases and alcohol dehydrogenase. The polymorphism of two natural populations of snails, Biomphalaria tenagophila, from São José dos Campos, São Paulo State (SJ) and from Núcleo Bandeirante, Distrito Federal (BN), was studied with respect to esterase and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) zymograms. The two population zymograms do not differ qualitatively. However the high frequency of esterase a and b bands in SJ and of e,f and h in NB, is a diagnostic mark. Moreover, frequency of band e alone can be used to distinguish the two populations. The high frequency of 3-banded ADH phenotype is a diagnostic mark of the SJ population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030206"}
{"pmid": "1030207", "title": "The role of the glucose-6-phosphate in the phosphorylase b kinase activation found in perfused rat hearts treated by dinitrophenol.", "content": "The role of the glucose-6-phosphate in the phosphorylase b kinase activation found in perfused rat hearts treated by dinitrophenol. In order to explain the phosphorylase b kinase activation found in perfused rat hearts treated by dinitrophenol, the glucose-6-phosphate levels and the enzyme activity were determined. Experiments were also done to determine the phosphorylase b kinase inhibition by the ester. The low glucose-6-phosphate levels and the enzyme inhibition found, suggested that the phosphorylase b kinase is activated by a mechanism that involves phosphofructokinase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030207"}
{"pmid": "1030232", "title": "Molecular events in chemical carcinogenesis.", "content": "Molecular events in chemical carcinogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030232"}
{"pmid": "1030233", "title": "Spotlight on the staff. Emergency room.", "content": "Spotlight on the staff. Emergency room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030233"}
{"pmid": "1030234", "title": "Physician recruitment: a diagnosis and prescription.", "content": "Physician recruitment: a diagnosis and prescription.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030234"}
{"pmid": "1030235", "title": "Computerized information retrieval for drug records.", "content": "Computerized information retrieval for drug records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030235"}
{"pmid": "1030236", "title": "Clinical telemetry of EMG and temporal information during gait.", "content": "Clinical telemetry of EMG and temporal information during gait. Multichannel telemetry has formed an integral part of the clinical assessment of children's walking problems. EMG signals and temporal information from foot switches are transmitted from a small belt-pack unit which provides almost complete freedom of movement for the child. Although patients with various crippling diseases have been studied, the investigation of problems resulting from cerebral palsy has been most valuable clinically. The effects of orthopaedic surgery to release or transfer muscles can be asssessed more positively and the causes of some unexplained gait patterns can be investigated more thoroughly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030236"}
{"pmid": "1030259", "title": "Statistical study of late foetal deaths in Iraq, 1967 - 1972.", "content": "Statistical study of late foetal deaths in Iraq, 1967 - 1972.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030259"}
{"pmid": "1030260", "title": "Some epidemiological information from annual report on kala-azar in Iraq during 1974.", "content": "Some epidemiological information from annual report on kala-azar in Iraq during 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030260"}
{"pmid": "1030261", "title": "Malaria in Iraq--1974 - 1975.", "content": "Malaria in Iraq--1974 - 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030261"}
{"pmid": "1030263", "title": "Studies on the development of the preparasitic stages of Strongyloides stercoralis in dog.", "content": "Studies on the development of the preparasitic stages of Strongyloides stercoralis in dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030263"}
{"pmid": "1030262", "title": "Some epidemiological and clinical aspects of kala-azar in Iraq.", "content": "Some epidemiological and clinical aspects of kala-azar in Iraq.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030262"}
{"pmid": "1030264", "title": "Malathion poisoning among spraymen.", "content": "Malathion poisoning among spraymen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030264"}
{"pmid": "1030265", "title": "Sample survey on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis.", "content": "Sample survey on the prevalence of toxoplasmosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030265"}
{"pmid": "1030266", "title": "Some statstical data of kala-azar in Iraq.", "content": "Some statstical data of kala-azar in Iraq.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030266"}
{"pmid": "1030267", "title": "Urinary survey of micro-organisms and its relation to infestation with urinary Schistosoma haematobium.", "content": "Urinary survey of micro-organisms and its relation to infestation with urinary Schistosoma haematobium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030267"}
{"pmid": "1030268", "title": "Intermittent short course treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: preliminary report.", "content": "Intermittent short course treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030268"}
{"pmid": "1030269", "title": "A Singapore study of intermittent regimens of rifampicin plus isoniazid for pulmonary tuberculosis (1).", "content": "A Singapore study of intermittent regimens of rifampicin plus isoniazid for pulmonary tuberculosis (1).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030269"}
{"pmid": "1030270", "title": "Intermittent treatment using isoniazid and rifampicin once a week: final results of a controlled trial.", "content": "Intermittent treatment using isoniazid and rifampicin once a week: final results of a controlled trial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030270"}
{"pmid": "1030272", "title": "The possibility of reducing the duration of hospital treatment in patients with newly diagnosed minimal pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "The possibility of reducing the duration of hospital treatment in patients with newly diagnosed minimal pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030272"}
{"pmid": "1030271", "title": "Retreatment of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis with regimens including high and low doses of rifampicin in the intermittent phase recent and late results - a controlled comparison study.", "content": "Retreatment of chronic pulmonary tuberculosis with regimens including high and low doses of rifampicin in the intermittent phase recent and late results - a controlled comparison study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030271"}
{"pmid": "1030273", "title": "Participation of WHO in tuberculosis control.", "content": "Participation of WHO in tuberculosis control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030273"}
{"pmid": "1030274", "title": "A slow-release preparation of isoniazid: therapeutic efficacy and adverse side-effects.", "content": "A slow-release preparation of isoniazid: therapeutic efficacy and adverse side-effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030274"}
{"pmid": "1030275", "title": "A slow-release preparation of isoniazid: pharmacological aspects.", "content": "A slow-release preparation of isoniazid: pharmacological aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030275"}
{"pmid": "1030276", "title": "Clinical experience of acceptability of slow release matrix isoniazid.", "content": "Clinical experience of acceptability of slow release matrix isoniazid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030276"}
{"pmid": "1030277", "title": "Two-three years follow up study of pulmonary tuberculosis treated 6 months with rifampicin-containing regimens.", "content": "Two-three years follow up study of pulmonary tuberculosis treated 6 months with rifampicin-containing regimens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030277"}
{"pmid": "1030278", "title": "Supervision of out patient chemotherapy for tuberculosis with the medication monitor.", "content": "Supervision of out patient chemotherapy for tuberculosis with the medication monitor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030278"}
{"pmid": "1030279", "title": "Alternative models for the development of tuberculosis disease following infection with tubercle bacilli.", "content": "Alternative models for the development of tuberculosis disease following infection with tubercle bacilli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030279"}
{"pmid": "1030280", "title": "Tuberculosis in Eskimos.", "content": "Tuberculosis in Eskimos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030280"}
{"pmid": "1030281", "title": "A national tuberculin survey in Great Britain 1971-73.", "content": "A national tuberculin survey in Great Britain 1971-73.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030281"}
{"pmid": "1030282", "title": "Hepatitis cases in isoniazid treated groups and in a control group.", "content": "Hepatitis cases in isoniazid treated groups and in a control group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030282"}
{"pmid": "1030283", "title": "Isoniazid-associated hepatitis.", "content": "Isoniazid-associated hepatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030283"}
{"pmid": "1030284", "title": "Approaches to tuberculosis control in the Americas.", "content": "Approaches to tuberculosis control in the Americas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030284"}
{"pmid": "1030285", "title": "Isoniazid prophylaxis and deaths in Baltimore, Maryland 1972.", "content": "Isoniazid prophylaxis and deaths in Baltimore, Maryland 1972.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030285"}
{"pmid": "1030286", "title": "Isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis in inactive pulmonary tuberculosis: report of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study.", "content": "Isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis in inactive pulmonary tuberculosis: report of a Veterans Administration Cooperative Study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030286"}
{"pmid": "1030287", "title": "Tuberculosis in BCG vaccinated and unvaccinated young Swedish men. A comparative study.", "content": "Tuberculosis in BCG vaccinated and unvaccinated young Swedish men. A comparative study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030287"}
{"pmid": "1030289", "title": "A study of BCG at birth in Hong Kong.", "content": "A study of BCG at birth in Hong Kong.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030289"}
{"pmid": "1030288", "title": "Post vaccination allergy after three intervals of time: preliminary report.", "content": "Post vaccination allergy after three intervals of time: preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030288"}
{"pmid": "1030291", "title": "Side-effects of BCG vaccination.", "content": "Side-effects of BCG vaccination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030291"}
{"pmid": "1030290", "title": "BCG vaccination of tuberculosis patients and of strong reactors to tuberculin.", "content": "BCG vaccination of tuberculosis patients and of strong reactors to tuberculin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030290"}
{"pmid": "1030292", "title": "Further studies on chronic osteitis in infancy caused by BCG-vaccination in newborns.", "content": "Further studies on chronic osteitis in infancy caused by BCG-vaccination in newborns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030292"}
{"pmid": "1030293", "title": "Treatment and long-term follow-up of patients with atypical mycobacterial infections.", "content": "Treatment and long-term follow-up of patients with atypical mycobacterial infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030293"}
{"pmid": "1030295", "title": "Origin and significance of mycobacterium xenopi in clinical specimens. I. Water as a source of contamination.", "content": "Origin and significance of mycobacterium xenopi in clinical specimens. I. Water as a source of contamination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030295"}
{"pmid": "1030294", "title": "Epidemiology of atypical mycobacterial disease in Texas and Louisiana.", "content": "Epidemiology of atypical mycobacterial disease in Texas and Louisiana.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030294"}
{"pmid": "1030296", "title": "Response to chemotherapy of pulmonary infection due to mycobacterium kansasii.", "content": "Response to chemotherapy of pulmonary infection due to mycobacterium kansasii.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030296"}
{"pmid": "1030297", "title": "Applied surveillance of diagnostic and treatment measures.", "content": "Applied surveillance of diagnostic and treatment measures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030297"}
{"pmid": "1030298", "title": "Applied surveillance of diagnostic measures Bavaria 1974.", "content": "Applied surveillance of diagnostic measures Bavaria 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030298"}
{"pmid": "1030299", "title": "The history of tuberculosis in Mexico.", "content": "The history of tuberculosis in Mexico.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030299"}
{"pmid": "1030300", "title": "The Swedish tuberculosis index.", "content": "The Swedish tuberculosis index.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030300"}
{"pmid": "1030301", "title": "A British Medical Research Council Study of methods and results of treatment in Scotland.", "content": "A British Medical Research Council Study of methods and results of treatment in Scotland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030301"}
{"pmid": "1030302", "title": "Tanzania tuberculosis survey.", "content": "Tanzania tuberculosis survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030302"}
{"pmid": "1030303", "title": "Detection and follow-up of subjects at risk of contracting tuberculosis.", "content": "Detection and follow-up of subjects at risk of contracting tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030303"}
{"pmid": "1030304", "title": "High-risk groups in tuberculosis. Incidence of newly registered tuberculosis during five years follow-up among a sample population of the 1968 tuberculosis prevalence survey.", "content": "High-risk groups in tuberculosis. Incidence of newly registered tuberculosis during five years follow-up among a sample population of the 1968 tuberculosis prevalence survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030304"}
{"pmid": "1030305", "title": "Characteristics of new cases of active tuberculosis.", "content": "Characteristics of new cases of active tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030305"}
{"pmid": "1030306", "title": "The control of tuberculosis in Mexico.", "content": "The control of tuberculosis in Mexico.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030306"}
{"pmid": "1030308", "title": "Integration of the tuberculosis control programme in Colombia.", "content": "Integration of the tuberculosis control programme in Colombia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030308"}
{"pmid": "1030307", "title": "Practical results of standard first-line treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis : influence of primary resistance.", "content": "Practical results of standard first-line treatment in pulmonary tuberculosis : influence of primary resistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030307"}
{"pmid": "1030309", "title": "The integrated national tuberculosis programme of Sri Lanka.", "content": "The integrated national tuberculosis programme of Sri Lanka.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030309"}
{"pmid": "1030310", "title": "The organization of effective ambulatory treatment in a national tuberculosis programme.", "content": "The organization of effective ambulatory treatment in a national tuberculosis programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030310"}
{"pmid": "1030311", "title": "Comments on evaluation of results in routine practice with particular reference to Singapore.", "content": "Comments on evaluation of results in routine practice with particular reference to Singapore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030311"}
{"pmid": "1030312", "title": "Health education and treatment in the tuberculosis control programme.", "content": "Health education and treatment in the tuberculosis control programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030312"}
{"pmid": "1030313", "title": "Short-course chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Short-course chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030313"}
{"pmid": "1030314", "title": "Short course treatment with two drugs, isoniazid plus rifampicin for six months: a controlled clinical trial with two treatment regimens.", "content": "Short course treatment with two drugs, isoniazid plus rifampicin for six months: a controlled clinical trial with two treatment regimens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030314"}
{"pmid": "1030315", "title": "Two three-month treatment regimens for pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Two three-month treatment regimens for pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030315"}
{"pmid": "1030316", "title": "Simplified short-course treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: experience with a regimen of ethambutol, rifampicin and isoniazid for 2 months followed by isoniazid or rifampicin for 4 months.", "content": "Simplified short-course treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: experience with a regimen of ethambutol, rifampicin and isoniazid for 2 months followed by isoniazid or rifampicin for 4 months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030316"}
{"pmid": "1030317", "title": "Hong Kong tuberculosis treatment services/British Medical Research Council Study of 6- and 9-month regimens of daily and intermittent streptomycin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide for pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Hong Kong tuberculosis treatment services/British Medical Research Council Study of 6- and 9-month regimens of daily and intermittent streptomycin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide for pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030317"}
{"pmid": "1030318", "title": "Controlled therapeutic trial on three second-line chemotherapy regimens (one of short duration) in pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Controlled therapeutic trial on three second-line chemotherapy regimens (one of short duration) in pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030318"}
{"pmid": "1030319", "title": "Neurologic complications of gas myelography by the lumbar route.", "content": "Neurologic complications of gas myelography by the lumbar route. Gas myelography is not a new technique, but its acceptance in neuroradiologic diagnosis has been relatively recent. Previously reported series have emphasized the benign nature of this technique and the lack of significant accompanying complications. From a series of 174 gas myelograms performed during a four-year period, two reports are presented wherein transient exacerbation of neurologic deficit followed exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and gas under pressure by the lumbar route. One patient with cervical spondylotic myelopathy experienced an increase in paresis, while another was found to have marked fasciculations. Speculation regarding possible mechanisms involved with these complications is presented. It is suggested that exchange of cerebrospinal fluid and gas under pressure via the lumbar route be used with caution in those patients with compromised cervical spinal cords.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030319"}
{"pmid": "1030321", "title": "Rejoinder to: \"cultural differences in hemisphericity: a critique\".", "content": "Rejoinder to: \"cultural differences in hemisphericity: a critique\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030321"}
{"pmid": "1030320", "title": "Cultural differences in hemisphericity: a critique.", "content": "Cultural differences in hemisphericity: a critique. A series of four articles on the \"other side\" of the brain has been published in this journal by Dr. Joseph Bogen and his colleagues (1, 2, 3, 4). The first three of these are rapidly becoming minor classics for those of us interested in hemispheric specialization. However, the fourth article reports a combination of sociologic and neurologic observations which, in our opinion, are misinterpreted. This misinterpretation stems primarily from the use of inappropriate statistical procedures and the misleading characteristics of a variable which is comprised of a ratio of two other variables (i.e. the A/P ratio). In short, we argue that the sociologic data presented (4) are not consistent with the constant sum model of hemisphericity discussed in that paper. An alternative model is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030320"}
{"pmid": "1030322", "title": "More on the question of cultural hemisphericity.", "content": "More on the question of cultural hemisphericity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030322"}
{"pmid": "1030323", "title": "Discriminating social groups by performance on two lateralized tests.", "content": "Discriminating social groups by performance on two lateralized tests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030323"}
{"pmid": "1030324", "title": "Workshop on low vision mobility. The low vision person--a marginal man.", "content": "Workshop on low vision mobility. The low vision person--a marginal man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030324"}
{"pmid": "1030325", "title": "Workshop on low vision mobility. Summary of conference recommendations.", "content": "Workshop on low vision mobility. Summary of conference recommendations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030325"}
{"pmid": "1030327", "title": "Supplemental sensory feedback for the VA/NU myoelectric hand. Background and preliminary designs.", "content": "Supplemental sensory feedback for the VA/NU myoelectric hand. Background and preliminary designs. Methods for realizing three SSF systems for the VA/NU myoelectric hand have been shown. In some cases, estimates concerning amputer acceptance, and references relating to improvements in function, were made. These estimates are purely speculative, and are not intended as a substitute for accurate information which can only be obtained by complete laboratory evaluations of the SSF system codes and by placing the systems on subjects. At this time, it appears that all three of the systems are technically feasible, and that they could be made clinically practical through careful design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030327"}
{"pmid": "1030326", "title": "Research and evaluation of audible output print reading aids for the blind. A final report.", "content": "Research and evaluation of audible output print reading aids for the blind. A final report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030326"}
{"pmid": "1030328", "title": "Workshop on low vision mobility. Visual training with optical aids: one facet of low vision service.", "content": "Workshop on low vision mobility. Visual training with optical aids: one facet of low vision service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030328"}
{"pmid": "1030329", "title": "Workshop on low vision mobility. Evaluation of distance vision with optical aids.", "content": "Workshop on low vision mobility. Evaluation of distance vision with optical aids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030329"}
{"pmid": "1030336", "title": "NSF probes peer review; NIH investigates awards.", "content": "NSF probes peer review; NIH investigates awards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030336"}
{"pmid": "1030370", "title": "Cytological study of the blood corpuscles of Lineus lacteus (Rhynchocoela, Lineidae).", "content": "Cytological study of the blood corpuscles of Lineus lacteus (Rhynchocoela, Lineidae).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030370"}
{"pmid": "1030371", "title": "Ultrastructural characterization of the interphase nucleus of Gonyostomum semen.", "content": "Ultrastructural characterization of the interphase nucleus of Gonyostomum semen. The interphase nucleus of the chloromonadophycean alga, Gonyostomum semen (Ehrenberg) Diesing, has a highly distinctive appearance. Interphase chromatin is readily distinguishable in both light and electron microscope preparations. It extends throughout the neucleus and frequently makes contact with the nucleoli and with the nuclear envelope. Among the chromatin filaments are large numbers of 35-46 nm diameter granules which occur singly or in clusters. The nucleoli are characteristically located in the posterior half of the nucleus and are composed of granular and non-granular components. Nuclear pores occur in slight depressions of the nuclear surface; their lumen has a diameter of approximately 75 nm and contains electron-dense material. The chromatin and the large numbers of nuclear granules are unusual and warrant further investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030371"}
{"pmid": "1030372", "title": "On formation of melanosomes in a cultured melanoma line.", "content": "On formation of melanosomes in a cultured melanoma line. Melanosomes are present in abundant numbers in HPM-73 melanoma cells maintained in surum-containing cultures. However, withholding of serum for 3 days caused severe retardation of development of these organelles. Addition of chondroitin-4-sulphate (0.4 mg/ml) to serum-containing culture media for 3 days resulted in greater numbers of premelanosomes and melanosomes relative to mitochondria. The same amount of chrondroitin-4-sulphate (0.4 mg/ml) added to serum-free cultures also resulted in an increased ratio of premelanosomes and melanosomes to mitochondria but, within the 3-day period many of these organelles did not attain the pattern of maturity evident in melanoma cells reared in serum-supplemented media. By exploitation of slowed rates of development of melanosomes in cultures (especially, but not exclusively, in serum-free samples) it was possible to examine various early developmental forms of these organelles. It was found that in this cell line mitochondria appear to be involved in the process of melanosome formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030372"}
{"pmid": "1030373", "title": "Accreditation revisited.", "content": "Accreditation revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030373"}
{"pmid": "1030375", "title": "\"Drug therapy and the elderly patient\".", "content": "\"Drug therapy and the elderly patient\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030375"}
{"pmid": "1030374", "title": "Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Program.", "content": "Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030374"}
{"pmid": "1030378", "title": "Statement of functions of pharmacists and non-professional personnel in hospital pharmacy. Approved by the Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists May, 1976.", "content": "Statement of functions of pharmacists and non-professional personnel in hospital pharmacy. Approved by the Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists May, 1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030378"}
{"pmid": "1030381", "title": "Working Party on Standards for Institutional Pharmacy Service.", "content": "Working Party on Standards for Institutional Pharmacy Service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030381"}
{"pmid": "1030377", "title": "Self-concept and the management of people.", "content": "Self-concept and the management of people.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030377"}
{"pmid": "1030392", "title": "Molecular biology and biochemistry of differentiation.", "content": "Molecular biology and biochemistry of differentiation. Recent work in the field of molecular biology and differentiation has been directed towards an assessment of the number of different genes involved in the development and differentiation process. By the techniques of RNA-DNA hybridization to single copy DNA, it appears that some 60,000-200,000 different RNA sequences are expressed during embryonic development in the mouse. The differentiating brain shows the highest degree RNA transcription diversity. The new technique of cDNA-poly(A)-containing RNA hybridization is described. The nuclear poly(A)-containing RNA appears to reflect the high complexity of sequences as determined in RNA-DNA experiments described above. The cytoplasmic poly(A)-containing RNA or messenger RNA appears to represent a subset of approximately 10-20% of the information in the nuclear poly (A)-RNA. Also, the major portion of frequency class of messenger RNA in different organs such as kidney, spleen, and liver are common to these different organs. However, brain, although containing many of the cytoplasmic messenger RNA sequences found in liver, kidney, and spleen, has a large class of messenger RNA sequences which are specific to the nervous system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030392"}
{"pmid": "1030391", "title": "Carcinogenesis: a late effect of irreversible toxic damage during development.", "content": "Carcinogenesis: a late effect of irreversible toxic damage during development. Intrauterine and early postnatal life are periods of exceptionally high susceptibility to certain kinds of chemical carcinogens. The most potent known transplacental carcinogens are direct acting alkylating agents. Most nonreactive compounds, which require enzymes for metabolic conversion into chemically reactive \"proximate carcinogens,\" are less effective because the required enzymes are present at low levels in the fetus, and many proximate carcinogens are too reactive to reach the fetus when formed in maternal tissues. Despite this, many carcinogens which require metabolic activation are very active transplancentally, as the intrinsic susceptibility of rapidly dividing fetal cells compensates effectively for comparatively low tissue levels of reactive metabolites. Transplacental carcinogens of all kinds are most effective late in gestation, generally after organogenesis has begun and after the period of greatest susceptibility to teratogens. Only a small number of known carcinogens have been tested for transplacental carcinogenic activity. The great majority of tumors induced transplacentally in the well-studied rodent and lagomorph species (mouse, rat, Syrian hamster, and rabbit) have morphologic features of adult, rather than embryonal, tissues. A given agent tends to induce in a given species largely the same types of tumor when given transplacentally as when administered directly to postweaning animals, unless its carcinogenic effect in the latter is ascribable to some peculiarity of distribution, metabolism, or physiology. In a second species, the spectrum of tumors induced either before of after birth may be quite different. For bioassay of suspected carcinogens, the significance of perinatal carcinogenesis lies in the facts that the fetal and preweaning rodent is an extremely sensitive indicator of carcinogenic activity, and that the facile adaptibility of fetal cells to tissue culture and their rapid expression in vitro of properties of neoplastic transformation make possible a rapid in vivo/in vitro screening system for chemical carcinogens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030391"}
{"pmid": "1030380", "title": "Unit dose--how one hospital pharmacist became a disciple.", "content": "Unit dose--how one hospital pharmacist became a disciple.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030380"}
{"pmid": "1030393", "title": "Behavioral teratology: overview.", "content": "Behavioral teratology: overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030393"}
{"pmid": "1030384", "title": "The President's viewpoint: monitoring drug therapy.", "content": "The President's viewpoint: monitoring drug therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030384"}
{"pmid": "1030379", "title": "What you see is what you get.", "content": "What you see is what you get.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030379"}
{"pmid": "1030394", "title": "Techniques for assessment of teratologic effects: embryo culture.", "content": "Techniques for assessment of teratologic effects: embryo culture. A simple method is described for growing rat embryos in vitro for 48 hr from head-fold to early limb-bud stages at rates of development and protein synthesis indistinguishable from those in vivo. Culture of the embryos can be continued for longer periods but at a reduced growth rate. Preheating the culture serum to 56 degrees C for 30 min improves embryonic development, but raising the culture temperature 2-3 degrees C or exposing the presomite embryos to 20% O2 (160 mm Hg) causes malformations, particularly of the brain and spinal cord. The value of such culture methods for teratology is briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030394"}
{"pmid": "1030383", "title": "How to be more effective on a committee.", "content": "How to be more effective on a committee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030383"}
{"pmid": "1030396", "title": "Techniques for assessing teratogenic effects: epidemiology.", "content": "Techniques for assessing teratogenic effects: epidemiology. Epidemiologic studies of malformations can aid in the understanding of human teratogenesis. Employing a variety of approaches epidemiology can develop or test hypotheses concerning possible causes or through surveillance provide data useful for a variety of purposes. Drawing heavily upon our experiences at the Center for Disease Control, this paper reviews some concepts and uses of epidemiology in studies of human teratogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030396"}
{"pmid": "1030395", "title": "Techniques for assessment of teratogenic effects: developmental enzyme patterns.", "content": "Techniques for assessment of teratogenic effects: developmental enzyme patterns. Most studies designed for assessing teratogenic effects focus on only three of four types of final manifestations of abnormal development; namely intrauterine death, malformations, and growth retardation. Developmental toxicity evaluations generally do not include functional deficits. Current techniques are inadequate for assessing functional capability during perinatal development, and there is a need for improved measures. Thus, measurement of developmental enzyme patterns is proposed as an approach that directly evaluates acquisition of metabolic competence of fundamental organ systems. During ontogenesis most organs acquire their full complement of enzyme activities in a programmed sequence which corresponds to attainment of complete functional capability. The usual alterations in enzyme activity that characterize these patterns occur at one of three time periods, namely, late fetal, early neonatal, or late suckling. Qualitative or quantitative changes in these patterns at any time by one or more key enzymes of a tissue could be indicative of developmental toxicity. Factors are outlined relating to consideration of developmental enzyme profiles as indices of maturation capable of reflecting the action of toxic agents. This presentation: (1) reviews the current state of the art for evaluating effects on development, (2) considers the applicability of enzyme patterns for biochemical assessment of development, (3) characterizes the target tissues and those metabolic pathways and/or specific enzymes most sensitive and adaptable to practical toxicity evaluations, and (4) describes the steps being taken to validate this system. The ultimate objective of this approach is to determine whether alterations in developmental enzyme profiles will provide a technique with improved capability for assessing developmental toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030395"}
{"pmid": "1030397", "title": "Studies in adaption to ambient oxidant air pollution: effects of ozone exposure in Los Angeles residents vs. new arrivals.", "content": "Studies in adaption to ambient oxidant air pollution: effects of ozone exposure in Los Angeles residents vs. new arrivals. To test the hypothesis that adaptation protecting against acute effects of ambient ozone (O3) exposures develops in Los Angeles residents, human volunteers were exposed to 0.4 ppm O3 under conditions simulating ambient pollution exposures. Blood biochemical, pulmonary physiological, and clinical responses were assessed. Los Angeles residents (N = 6) showed only minimal clinical or physiological response to O3, while new arrivals (N = 9) showed significant losses in pulmonary function and a tendency toward increased symptoms. Most biochemical responses did not differ significantly between residents and new arrivals. These results agree with others in suggesting that exposures to elevated ambient concentrations of O3 produce adaptation in a least some residents of photochemical pollution areas. The underlying mechanisms and long-term consequences of such adaptation are unknown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030397"}
{"pmid": "1030398", "title": "Platinum, palladium, and lead levels in populations of Southern California.", "content": "Platinum, palladium, and lead levels in populations of Southern California.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030398"}
{"pmid": "1030399", "title": "The use of Soluene and KOH as tissue digestants for the determination of asbestos in tissue.", "content": "The use of Soluene and KOH as tissue digestants for the determination of asbestos in tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030399"}
{"pmid": "1030400", "title": "Developmental pharmacology: overview.", "content": "Developmental pharmacology: overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030400"}
{"pmid": "1030401", "title": "Comparative developmental aspects of selected organ systems. II. Gastrointestinal and urogenital systems.", "content": "Comparative developmental aspects of selected organ systems. II. Gastrointestinal and urogenital systems. A brief description of the basic patterns of mammalian organogenesis of the gastrointestinal and urogenital systems is presented based on events as they occur in human beings. The emphasis is not on the details of this development, but rather on its organization and timing, with tables of comparative development providing a comparison of similar events in man, rat, mouse, and chick.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030401"}
{"pmid": "1030402", "title": "Behavioral testing as a method for assessing risk.", "content": "Behavioral testing as a method for assessing risk. Behavioral effects have been found to result from the prenatal administration of substances known to be teratogenic to the CNS. These effects occur at dose levels lower than those producing gross malformations and when the agent is administered at times other than that optimal for CNS relevant technique for detecting adverse consequences of prenatal exposure to drugs and chemicals. Behavioral testing, however, also appears to have attributes that dictate a thoughtful approach to its role as a method for assessing risk, and additional research is needed to obtain usable techniques. The need for such research is intensified by the present inability to identify potential behavioral teratogens by means other than laboratory investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030402"}
{"pmid": "1030403", "title": "Research strategies for behavioral teratology studies.", "content": "Research strategies for behavioral teratology studies. Several compelling aruguments have been advanced in support of expanding the use of \"behavioral teratology\" evaluations as routine components of toxicologic screening procedures. As a basis for development of effective behavioral teratology screening approaches, a conceptual framework is presented which interrelates: (1) changes in relative functional brain capacity with age, (2) possible times and durations of exposures to environmental insults, and (3) various types of toxicity testing procedures carried out at appropriate time points in relation to different exposure period. Within the context, several research strategies for behavioral teratology studies are concisely posed and evaluated. These include: (1) clinical hypothesis testing, where particular effect(s) of a given agent are evaluated based on hypotheses derived from clinical or epidemiological observations; (2) comprehensive screening approaches, where multifaceted, long-term longitudinal neurobehavioral evaluations are employed to assess whether any of a large number of possible deletarious effects are exerted by an agent and at what threshold exposure levels; (3) alternative screening heuristics, by which adequate assessments of neurobehavioral toxicity of various agents may be accomplished without completion of more exhaustive, but also more expensive and time-consuming comprehensive screening protocols.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030403"}
{"pmid": "1030404", "title": "Predictiveness and limitations of test methods in teratology: overview.", "content": "Predictiveness and limitations of test methods in teratology: overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030404"}
{"pmid": "1030405", "title": "Assessment of current test procedures.", "content": "Assessment of current test procedures. The belief that screening tests for teratogenicity are of low predictive value has many supporters who point to the inconsistency with which malformations are induced. However, to fault the test systems when such inconsistency is predictable from both the inherently unstable nature of a malformation and from fundamental principles of teratology, is unrealistic, and, as is shown, perhaps the greater faults lie with the critics. It is suggested by examples that, if attention was concentrated not on the inconsistent malformations but on more consistent embryopathic effects which in one form or another are always associated with malformations, the predictive value of the screening tests would appear in a more favorable light. Thus, even if malformations are not demonstrated, the range of conditions (dosages) in which they might occur can be determined. Such information, used in conjunction with that obtained from other preclinical studies, can then form a reasonably sound basis for extrapolation to man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030405"}
{"pmid": "1030408", "title": "An assessment of the current status of foot-and-mouth disease in Nigeria.", "content": "An assessment of the current status of foot-and-mouth disease in Nigeria. Foot-and-mouth disease has been widespread throughout the country in recent years. The disease occurs mainly in cattle though spillover of infections has been observed in sheep and pigs. Virus types A, SAT 2 and SAT 1 are the usual cause of outbreaks. The present field control method is a 6-monthly vaccination schedulae for animals in government ranches, the few semi-commercial ranches and piggeries as well as for other valuable animals and exotic animals of high production quality. Arrangements are under way to institute a strict and more comprehensive control programme against the disease in view of the envisaged expansion of livestock development projects and improved zoo-sanitary status projected for our 3rd National Livestock Development Plan. A national policy of a barrier and frontier vaccination programme supplemented with strategic vaccinations in vulnerable foci is here recommended and discussed on the basis of a survey on the present status of the disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030408"}
{"pmid": "1030406", "title": "The foot-and-mouth disease situation in Iran.", "content": "The foot-and-mouth disease situation in Iran. Foot-and-mouth disease has been known in Iran since long ago. Typing of virus was done in 1950 at Mérieux Institute and since 1959 at Razi Institute. Type Asia 1 was isolated three times: in 1957, in 1964 and in 1973. In June 1962, FMD type SAT 1 entered Middle-Eastern countries; it was soon controlled, and completely eradicated by the end of 1963. At the present time, endemic types of FMD cause limited and sporadic outbreaks in some regions of Iran; their incidence is lowered every year. Except the endemic types A and O, all other types in Iran are considered as exotic. The control measures are: 1) stamping-out policy against exotic types, 2) mass-vaccination of all healthy susceptible animals by a polyvalent vaccine, 3) regular disinfection of premises and utensils, 4) strict application of sanitary measures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030406"}
{"pmid": "1030409", "title": "Freeze-drying cycles.", "content": "Freeze-drying cycles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030409"}
{"pmid": "1030410", "title": "Trends in freeze-drying equipment and materials.", "content": "Trends in freeze-drying equipment and materials. The above discussion outlines some trends seen in the development of equipment for freeze-drying of various biological-like products. It has been pointed out that many similarities in equipment now exist. There are still areas in which a consensus on best design has not been reached and in these areas the user is offered some clear choices. Various changes have been introduced in recent years into freeze-drying equipment principally in an effort to increase reliability and improve the quality of the product produced. It is probable as more products are freeze-dried (and particularly as these products become more cost-sensitive) that manufacturers will also require that greater performance-capability be built into their equipment. This may perhaps translate into requirements for carrying high peak-vapor-rates and for automatic control in an effort to reduce drying cycles and increase throughput in a given machine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030410"}
{"pmid": "1030411", "title": "Freeze-drying equipment.", "content": "Freeze-drying equipment. Illustrated presentation of a sophisticated research freeze-drying apparatus, fitted with many controls including a program controller. With this machine, it is possible to remove samples from any part of the chamber, at any time, without interfering with the freeze-drying process. By this ability to sample, the apparatus makes it possible to study, during the freeze-drying process, the influence on the dried product of many parameters and to reproduce in the chamber the same drying conditions offered by the production-scale machines. The figures include one of a production-scale machine, and a patented device for automatic loading and unloading of the freezers and the freeze-dryers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030411"}
{"pmid": "1030412", "title": "Rubber closures for freeze-dried products.", "content": "Rubber closures for freeze-dried products. Once a biological product has been developed to perform its required medical or pharmaceutical function, it is essential that a container-closure system by chosen which will preserve the efficacy of the product up to the point of administration. The general requirements applicable to proper closure function will be reviewed and the suitability of natural and synthetic elastomers to perform these functions will be discussed. The specialized application of elastomeric materials as closures for freeze-dried products presents additional requirements which are superimposed upon those previously discussed. The first of these unique considerations relates to the proper physical design which will permit the outgassing of water vapor during the sublimation step in the lyophilizing chamber. During this outgassing the design must also permit the closure to remain affixed in the neck while only partially inserted. Since these preparations are lyophilized because they are unstable in aqueous solutions, the elastomer used must constitute an effective barrier to the transmission of moisture vapor through the closure. The MVT and gas transmission properties of elastomers will be discussed. Special consideration will be given to the extremely low temperatures used in the sublimation, stoppering, and storage before use of lyophilized products. The phenomenon of glass transition points with different elastomers will be explained as its relation to satisfactory performance of the closure function at low temperatures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030412"}
{"pmid": "1030413", "title": "Some problems in sealing gas-filled glass ampoules.", "content": "Some problems in sealing gas-filled glass ampoules. We have studied recently the ends of hand-sealed and machine-sealed, gas-filled ampoules of borosilicate glass. The hand-sealed ampoules were of two types: tip-sealed and draw-sealed. The openings in the tip-sealed ampoules were estimated to range from 5 to 10 mu; in the machine-sealed ampoules the helix-like openings were less than approximately 10 mu. From the dimensions and nature of the openings we conclude (1) that the usual, simple methods used to test for \"leakers\" are not successful for small bore channels because pressure differences are less than one atmosphere and the test-time period insufficient, (2) that the failure of ampoules to seal may be due to the physical properties of glass and if this is so, ampoules containing liquid or freeze-dried preparations under gases cannot be sealed completely by ordinary means, and (3) that complete, satisfactory sealing can be done by dipping the ends of the ampoules into an elastomer solution which when cured provides an effective barrier even when stored at -70 degrees C for 12 months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030413"}
{"pmid": "1030414", "title": "On the adequacy of the draw-sealing of gas-filled glass ampoules.", "content": "On the adequacy of the draw-sealing of gas-filled glass ampoules. It is recommended that a very clear distinction be made between draw-sealed and tip-sealed glass ampoules. We would, that is, defend the draw-seal for its proven value and its demonstrated freedom from microscopic channels. Where tip-sealing is still employed, we would suggest its reevaluation. Little more can be said in the absence of an immediate reason for the differences in the behavior of the glass in the course of the two procedures. Others may be able to explain the persistence of the capillary in the tip-seal in physico-chemical terms. As to balloon-seals, the third \"variety\" in common use, it would seem that their characteristics must derive from the way they are made. Ballooned tip-seals appear to have been shown by Greiff et al. (1975) to suffer the same shortcomings as the simple tip-seal. Where a draw-sealed ampoule is heated at the tip after the completion of the seal, a ballooned end would seem to have to retain the true seal effected in the draw process. It is perhaps sufficient to let the subject rest with a reassurance as to the adequacy of the common draw-seal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030414"}
{"pmid": "1030415", "title": "The importance of storage temperature to the quality of freeze-dried biological products.", "content": "The importance of storage temperature to the quality of freeze-dried biological products. Several important practical steps are recognized in the process of freeze-drying of biologic material. The first of these is the selection of conditions optimal for the stability of the substance at the normal storage temperature, usually +5 degrees C. The second step involves the collection of material, storage at some choice freezing temperature (preferably around -20 degrees C) until use. The third step consists of the freeze-drying process itself, with preliminary freezing at another temperature, usually between -60 degrees and -80 degrees C. How these steps affect the quality of biologic products, proteins and polysaccharides has been the subject of study in our laboratories. The results have led us to the conclusion that molecular rearrangements occur at certain critical frozen temperatures which, in combination with time, leads to inactivation in some cases, stability in others. Such critical temperatures can be measured for other products and systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030415"}
{"pmid": "1030416", "title": "Parameters to consider in the selection and purchase of a freeze-drying system.", "content": "Parameters to consider in the selection and purchase of a freeze-drying system. When considering the purchase of a freeze-dryer, the user must establish his own performance standards and particular requirements for the following reasons: 1. Large monetary investment required for the purchase, operation and maintenance of the equipment. 2. The expense and stability of the products to be freeze-dried. Some of the basic parameters that must be considered: 1. Product requirements, such as volumes, optimum temperature, and vacuum limits. 2. Facility restraints relating to the availability of space, and utilities. 3. Return on the capital investment (ROI) 4. Technical competence of operating and maintenance personnel. When the parameters are established, the buyer is prepared to purchase a freeze-dryer to best suit his needs. Precise cycle development, reliable hardware and personnel training, assure productivity and product quality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030416"}
{"pmid": "1030417", "title": "Review of United States requirements for residual moisture in drugs.", "content": "Review of United States requirements for residual moisture in drugs. Officially recognized procedures for residual moisture determinations on biological products are described. These include gravimetric at ambient temperature and thermogravimetric analysis at specified temperatures for specific products. The bases for selecting the optimum residual moisture for a new product are discussed and values established for currently licensed products are listed. Comparisons are made between the procedures and requirements for biological products and the water determinations specificed in U.S. Pharmacopeia XIX.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030417"}
{"pmid": "1030420", "title": "Problems of contamination, exposure, and pollution in freeze-drying biological products.", "content": "Problems of contamination, exposure, and pollution in freeze-drying biological products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030420"}
{"pmid": "1030419", "title": "Glimpses into the fundamental aspects of freeze-drying.", "content": "Glimpses into the fundamental aspects of freeze-drying.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030419"}
{"pmid": "1030418", "title": "Moisture analysis of lyophilized allergenic extracts.", "content": "Moisture analysis of lyophilized allergenic extracts. A simple, relatively fast, coulometric method to determine both the surface-moisture and bound-moisture content of a wide variety of lyophilized, allergenic extracts has been developed. The method has been found suitable for the detection of residual-moisture levels in both lyophilized protein and carbohydrate samples. Isothermal rate-changes in moisture desorption, normalized with respect to sample size and plotted versus time, yield desorption curves which are characteristic of several individual classes of lyophilized materials. The method, when compared to the Official Loss on Drying Procedure for Lyophilized Biologicals, has proven to be faster (1.5 hr.) and more sensitive, with increased specificity and accuracy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030418"}
{"pmid": "1030421", "title": "Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer during freeze-drying.", "content": "Numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer during freeze-drying. The transient-state external heat and mass-transfer during freeze-drying was investigated. The spaces between the heaters and porous product-surfaces were simulated as semi porous channels, with mass-injection into the channels from the sublimation of ice. The energy, vorticity, concentration, and stream function/vorticity equations were the governing equations used as the mathematical model. These partial differential-equations were solved by finite-difference, numberical methods. The Fromm, Alternating Direction Implicity, and Upwind Difference methods were used in solving the parabolic equations; and the Successive Over Relaxation method was adopted to solve the elliptic equation. Numerical solutions obtained from the digital computer for the external heat and mass-transfer during freeze-drying were computed for Reynolds numbers equal t0 0.1, 1.0, and 4.0 and Grashof numbers equal to 0, +/- 100, and +/- 1000. The Prandtl number selected for water vapor was 1.0. One set of these solutions were compared to a known, analytical solution, and good agreement was obtained. The external heat and mass-transfer mechanism was then combined with the internal-heat-transfer mechanism developed by Dyer and Sunderland (1968), and the equations describing the relation of heater temperatures and product surface-temperatures developed by Massey and Sunderland (1972). A thorough computer-simulation was carried out for the combined heat and mass-transfer mechanism during freeze-drying of food products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030421"}
{"pmid": "1030422", "title": "Freeze-drying today and tomorrow.", "content": "Freeze-drying today and tomorrow. The freeze-drying process and equipment have been improved over the years; the cycle times have shortened and the dried products have improved as a result. This talk will deal with these improvements and how we have progressed from the early systems to where we are today. Such areas of discussion will include: vacuum pumping systems, how they are sized and designed to meet the needs for general and special applications; heat transfer systems, and their use in maintaining the drying profile; condensing surface design, and what is best for certain types of dryers; controls and instrumentation, and how these have played a big part in the drying process and have made it possible to get repeatability; refrigeration systems, and the part they play in the performance of freeze-drying; and lastly the effect of internal stoppering, bottomless trays, and other items such as these have had on the present state of the art. It goes without saying that there have been many changes and there will continue to be changes and we shall endeavor to look into the future--as to what might well bo some of these changes. Included in the talk will be a number of slides and illustrations to point out the various items as they are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030422"}
{"pmid": "1030424", "title": "A new freeze-drying technique for processing biological materials.", "content": "A new freeze-drying technique for processing biological materials. Wet granulation and dry blending are standard techniques used in tablet formulation. Both techniques impose limitations on the ability to produce homogeneous tablets with rapid dissolution and controllability of the matrix for active ingredients. This report describes the development and application of a new freeze-system using a swirling bath of Freon-12 to process sensitive biological materials. The frozen beads produced with this process are subsequently freeze-dried and may be used to produce precise tablets. The ultra rapid freezing (7-14 milliseconds) provided by the Freon-12 process yiels amorphous homogeneous spheres by retarding component migration which permits precise control of pH and redox potential in the final product. Dissolution of tablets prepared by this Du Pont process is so rapid (8-12 seconds) that a special testing technique is required for measurement of dissolution time. Improved recoveries of activity have been demonstrated for sensitive biological materials compared to conventional freeze-drying. The optimization of droplet sizes is controlled by injection rate, stream diameter and surface velocity of the Freon-12 bath. Droplet size control permits attainment of weight precision in the range of 0.6 +/- 0.06% for a final 50 mg tablet. This compares with a tablet weight precision of 1% to 2% typical of dry blending and wet granulating. Potential applications of this technology include pharmaceuticals and the production of ultra precise reagent tablets for the Du Pont Automatic Clinical Analyser.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030424"}
{"pmid": "1030423", "title": "Sublimation of formaldehyde in freeze-drying.", "content": "Sublimation of formaldehyde in freeze-drying. Formaldehyde solution, commonly used to inactivate bacterial, rickettsial and viral suspensions during the preparation of vaccines, is known to have a deleterious effect on many antigens during freeze-drying. Sublimation of formaldehyde in shell-frozen and plug-frozen aqueous samples was investigated by measuring the residual formaldehyde periodically during the freeze-drying procedure. It was found that formaldehyde, even while subliming, concentrated on a volume basis. This was more apparent with the plug-frozen than with the shell-frozen material. Moreover, in the preparations taken to dryness, the formaldehyde polymerized to form paraformaldehyde. It was found that the addition of methanol not only prevented polymerization, but also significantly increased the sublimation of formaldehyde without concentration of the latter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030423"}
{"pmid": "1030428", "title": "Stability characteristics of freeze-dried human live virus vaccines.", "content": "Stability characteristics of freeze-dried human live virus vaccines. Freeze-drying (lyophilization) of biologically active materials such as human live virus vaccines is an accepted method of preserving potency. Since freeze-drying does not assure total stability, a formal system of monitoring stability, i.e., potency, has been established. Two experimental desings are utilized: (1) Long term studies to duplicate normal use storage at -20 degrees C and 2-8 degrees C and (2) Accelerated studies which predict long term stability through regression analysis using the Arrhenius equation. Data summarizing stability experience over a long period of study will be presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030428"}
{"pmid": "1030426", "title": "Freeze-drying of a purified human diploid cell rabies vaccine.", "content": "Freeze-drying of a purified human diploid cell rabies vaccine. A rabies vaccine prepared in human diploid cell strains was purified by continuous-flow sucrose density gradient centrifugation. The peak fractions containing 35-40% sucrose were diluted with a stabilizer consisting of degraded gelatine in a Tris-EDTA-buffer, and then inactivated with beta-propiolactone and freeze-dried to a residual moisture of approximately 2.5%. This vaccine was stable as proved by accelerated stability tests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030426"}
{"pmid": "1030429", "title": "The production and use of rinderpest cell culture vaccine.", "content": "The production and use of rinderpest cell culture vaccine. Description of preparation, safety and efficacy testing of a rinderpest cell culture vaccine which is observed in lyophilized form and should be used within two hours following its reconstitution. Excellent results have been obtained with this vaccine in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030429"}
{"pmid": "1030425", "title": "Long term storage studies with a new stabilised formulation of yellow fever virus vaccine.", "content": "Long term storage studies with a new stabilised formulation of yellow fever virus vaccine. A new formulation of yellow fever virus vaccine incorporating a stabiliser has been prepared which is very much more stable than conventional unstabilised vaccines. This vaccine has a half life of 2-4 years at 4 degrees C, 9 months at 20 degrees C and 10 days at 37 degrees C. Its greater stability should have considerable advantages, especially when it is used in tropical countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030425"}
{"pmid": "1030427", "title": "Stability of live, freeze-dried virus vaccines.", "content": "Stability of live, freeze-dried virus vaccines. Stability of live, freeze-dried vaccines is a major factor for successful vaccinations. Vaccines may be stored at -20 degrees C or less for long periods without loss of activity and this storage does not affect stability during subsequent storage. Storage in the refrigerator for long periods is harmless for certain very stable vaccines such as influenza, rubella, NDV, Marek's. Other vaccines, such as IBV, show a significant loss in titer after 2 years. The routine use of an accelerated stability test, e.g. exposure of each lot manufactured to 37 degrees C during 7 days, provides useful information regarding the stability of the vaccine at +4 degrees C. In general the loss during the accelerated stability test is higher than the loss after 24 months storage in the refrigerator. Specifications requiring that each vaccine lot must possess, after the accelerated test, a titer equal to or higher than the minimum titer needed for immunization, are a guarantee of sufficient potency at the time of administration. To solve the problems in tropical countries stable vaccines are essential. Cendevax and Rimevax exposed to tropical temperatures still possess the minimum required titer after several days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030427"}
{"pmid": "1030431", "title": "Methods for determining favorable conditions for freeze-drying biological reference materials.", "content": "Methods for determining favorable conditions for freeze-drying biological reference materials. By predetermining favorable conditions for freeze-drying samples through pilot runs, one can gain more assurance that relatively large batches of lyophilized biological reference materials produced have the desired characteristics. Included in the pilot studies are the determination of the characteristics of the lyophilizer with a specific freeze-drying cycle, simulation of the water load expected for the production run, residual moisture analyses of the lyophilized samples, and biological activity of the samples before lyophilization and after exposure to elevated temperatures. Various reference materials have been lyophilized by these procedures. Among them are clinical chemistry reference samples, bacterial suspensions, and candidate serum-protein reference immunological standards. A batch of 6,300 vials of the latter was successfully freeze-dried and showed less than 0.1% residual moisture; different proteins (including complement) were both functionally (enzymatically) and antigenically active.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030431"}
{"pmid": "1030430", "title": "Recent departures in volume freeze-drying.", "content": "Recent departures in volume freeze-drying.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030430"}
{"pmid": "1030432", "title": "Freeze-drying of spermatozoa.", "content": "Freeze-drying of spermatozoa. Bull semen was diluted to a concentration of 2 X 10(8) cells/ml, cooled to 5 degrees C in 5 h, frozen in 0.025 ml spheres on the surface of solid carbon dioxide, and stored in liquid nitrogen. 50% by volume of the diluent was 325 m0sm Tes:N-tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl-2-amino ethane sulfonic acid titrated to pH 7.2 with 325 m0sm Tris:tris (hydroxymethyl) amino methane. The diluent also contained 30% by volume isotonic sodium citrate and 20% by volume egg yolk. The frozen spermatozoa were freeze-dried in 400 mg quantities in test tubes at -50 degrees C with a condenser at -196 degrees C. Moisture content was determined by weighing the individual samples before and after freeze-drying. Drying the samples for several days at 20 degrees C removed 868 mg from each gram of frozen material and this was considered the zero moisture level. Samples were stored at 20 degrees C or -196 degrees C after freeze-drying. The freezer-dried samples were rehydrated by flooding with five times their original volume of isotonic sodium citrate. Tests of the recovered spermatozoa included percentage motile cells, acrosome damage, enzyme release, protein denaturation, hypotonic swelling and fertility testing. Sperm motility decreased with dryness until it reached zero at 3% moisture. Acrosome morphology and enzyme release appeared normal down to 1% moisture. Preliminary results showed some fertility at all levels of dryness with -196 degrees C storage, and fertility at less than 1% moisture with 20 degrees C storage. Additional fertility testing is underway.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030432"}
{"pmid": "1030433", "title": "Freeze-drying of histocompatibility typing sera.", "content": "Freeze-drying of histocompatibility typing sera. This report describes a unit employed for the freeze-drying of histocompatibility typing sera using a 50-h cycle. The unit will process approximately 3,200 3-ml vials with a final residual moisture content of less than 2%. The system employs dry ice-alcohol cooled circulating baths to maintain the condensers below -60 degrees C, and two shelf-cooling baths to maintain the product at the required temperatures during the freeze-drying process. The results of a recently conducted 5-year study of the effect of residual moisture as a function of time and storage temperature are also included. Studies conducted to date indicate that with residual moistures below 2%, freeze-dried histocompatibility sera can be stored at +4 degrees C without the loss of significant tissue typing factors. Solubility of all serum was lost when samples were stored at +37 degrees C or higher during this same 5-year period. The long-term storage studies are being continued.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030433"}
{"pmid": "1030434", "title": "Biological standards: problems in large-scale production.", "content": "Biological standards: problems in large-scale production. A biological standard usually consists of a batch of perhaps several thousand ampoules. In defining a batch of ampoules to be a standard, we are in essence making a number of fundamental claims: (1) That in terms of content, (mass and potency) each individual ampoule is identical to every other amoule in the batch. (2) That in the  course of preparation of the standard, the contents of each ampoule have been treated in exactly the same way and held for the same length of time under the same conditions, (i.e. all the ampoules of the standard have been treated as one single batch, each stage of processing being carried out under constant conditions in one complete working session, however long). (3) That the stability or instability of the biological activity of the contents of each ampoule of the batch is identical to every other ampoule (i.e. that moisture, oxygen, light, raised temperature--all factors which cause deterioration of biological activity--have been exculuded to the same degree in each and every ampoule in the batch, so that each ampoule of the standard is equally stable or unstable). It is quite a difficult task to meet these criteria even in a small number of ampoules at the bench. It becomes a very demanding exercise to achieve the same results in 4,000 ampoules--the normal batch size at NIBSC. Details of the methods used at NIBSC for the production of large batches of ampoules of biological standards have already been published (Campbell, 1974). The author of the papers will take the opportunity to develop various aspects of the published detail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030434"}
{"pmid": "1030435", "title": "Research and development of phamaceutical dosage forms.", "content": "Research and development of phamaceutical dosage forms. The development of a suitable formulation and a freeze-dry cycle for a pharmaceutical dosage form requires knowledge of some basic properties such as (1) eutectic temperature, if one exists, (2) temperature effect on solubility, (3) degree of supercooling, (4) heat transfer properties of the frozen product and (5) equipment design and equipment capability. Basic work with several inorganic and organic salts shows that eutectic temperature is a function of the melting point and the differential heat of solution of a drug. From a knowledge of these parameters, a mathematical expression can be used to estimate eutectic temperature. The desired characteristics which can be achieved by proper formulation of the solution to be freeze-dried and by employing optimum freeze-drying cycles include an intact cake, sufficient strength, uniform color and rapid reconstitution. By utilizing resistivity measurements to determine eutectic temperature and supercooling properties it is possible to reformulate products, increase batch sizes and reduce overall times for freeze-drying cycles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030435"}
{"pmid": "1030436", "title": "Importance of freeze-drying of biological products.", "content": "Importance of freeze-drying of biological products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030436"}
{"pmid": "1030437", "title": "The physico-chemical basis for the freeze-drying process.", "content": "The physico-chemical basis for the freeze-drying process. To the extent that the final form and quality of a freeze-dried product depends on the way the freeze-drying is conducted, an understanding of the many factors involved is most important. The numerous effects of the design and mode of operation of the freeze-drying equipment on the course of the process need to be known, as do the properties intrinsic to the material to be freeze-dried. Much can be learned and predicted from the study of the \"supplemented phase diagram\", a series of experimental plots describing the equilibrium and the non-equilibrium phase behavior of the system in question. Such diagrams map and distinguish eutectic and amorphous phase behavior. Further information is available from gravimetric studies allowing the construction of \"desorption isotherms\", the plots describing the loss of sorbed water accompanying the sublimation of ice, frequently termed \"secondary drying\". These plots relate the water retained by the product to the \"water activity\", or relative humidity at different temperatures. Observations in the freeze-drying microscope contribute additional information, in that they reveal the actual course of the process at the microscopic level. These and other laboratory findings facilitate the analysis and comparison of pilot-plant and commercical scale processing experiences. Where scientific and engineering factors appear to interrelate, the nature and extent of the interdependence can often be determined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030437"}
{"pmid": "1030438", "title": "Predicting stability of lyophilized products.", "content": "Predicting stability of lyophilized products. The usual purpose of freeze-drying is to enhance the stability and thus the marketability of a product. Increasing the length of a product's integrity, however, often requires that the formulator be able to predict the extent of that increased shelf life. Based on the Arrhenius principles, techniques are available that can allow such shelf life estimates with an acceptable degree of confidence. The presentation reviews examples of ongoing studies demonstrating predictive techniques as applied to freeze-dried products. The examples cover the most common situations which call for straight-forward and generally accepted principles of prediction; that is, measuring a specific potency loss at several elevated temperatures and then predicting the time for the same loss at normal storage. Other situations, however, as is the case with many in vitro diagnostic products used in clinical laboratories, require a modification of this technique. In those instances, monitoring of the proper \"functioning\" of samples of a product subjected to exaggerated temperature conditions with an eye to predicting shelf life is reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030438"}
{"pmid": "1030439", "title": "Optimization in freeze-drying.", "content": "Optimization in freeze-drying. The author assumes that success in freeze-drying must be judged in economic terms. Following a summary of the reasons given for adopting freeze-drying, and an historical outline to explain the changing emphasis in the performance requirements of equipment, desirable features in design and operation are reviewed as the basis for a charter for plant manufacturers and an aid to comparison between different types of plant. Ways of appraising value for money are examined and a novel method is proposed for maximizing throughput by optimising the conditions in the freeze-dryer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030439"}
{"pmid": "1030440", "title": "Development of equipment for lyophilization.", "content": "Development of equipment for lyophilization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030440"}
{"pmid": "1030441", "title": "Acute alterations in stroke volume during exercise at 3,100 m altitude.", "content": "Acute alterations in stroke volume during exercise at 3,100 m altitude. Following 3 weeks exposure to an altitude of 3,100 m, the cardiac output response to upright submaximal exercise was examined in 3 healthy subjects breathing ambient air and breathing 60% oxygen. The procedure allowed acute alteration of the 2 conditions within a single testing period of 30 min, 60% oxygen breathing either preceding or following breathing ambient air. Cardiac output was also measured in two of the subjects during maximal exercise under these two conditions. Administration of the high oxygen inspirate during exercise had little effect on the level of cardiac output but resulted in an immediate bradycardia and a dramatic increase of approximately 16% in stroke volume. Stroke volumes during maximal exercise were also increased by approximately 10% by the administration of high oxygen. It is suggested that the condition of decreases exercise stroke volume which develops with chronic exposure to altitude may be largely the result of diminished myocardial contractility stemming from a condition of myocardial hypoxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030441"}
{"pmid": "1030442", "title": "Problems of ergonomics in Bali, Indonesia.", "content": "Problems of ergonomics in Bali, Indonesia. Development in Indonesia, particularly in Bali, has been planned and done through several stages of the Five-Year Development Programs, which started in 1969, and emphasized intensification of agriculture and extensification of industries related to potential resources available in the region. In the process, industrialization, being regarded as a prerequisite to higher living standards, brought with it problems concerning safety, health, and work conditions, especially with respect to transfer of technology. As examples, experiences and data, related particularly to ergonomics in the sectors of agriculture, hotel business, textile mills, transportation, and others in Bali, Indonesia, are reported. In dealing with such possible consequences of development, efforts to find fundamental solutions should be given the highest priority. It is necessary to make use of all the existing institutions having potential functions and roles in the policy of development planning, and to take into consideration the factors of safety, health, and work conditions in specifying technical and financial development projects for industrialization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030442"}
{"pmid": "1030443", "title": "Effects of industrialization on working schedules.", "content": "Effects of industrialization on working schedules. Recent increase in industrialization has resulted in attention being drawn to diversity of working schedules and their interrelation with content of work. The results of joint research revealed that adaptation to industrial jobs is made difficult because of urban conditions and modern work-control systems, such as workers in flexible-working-time systems who apparently favored regular daily working cycles. Long overtime work in smaller undertakings and the spread of shift systems are two important features of industrial work schedules, each being dominant among skilled and non-skilled jobs. Another important facet is the problem of intra-shift work-rest schedules significant for machine operations and vigilance tasks. It is suggested that phases of work that become intolerable are correlated with unnatural work rhythms. More emphasis should thus be laid on both phase-shifted work and non-self-governing work, the key factor being the relevance of attained data to real work in the whole course of schedules of work and rest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030443"}
{"pmid": "1030444", "title": "Ergonomics in traditional Iranian industries.", "content": "Ergonomics in traditional Iranian industries. It is an acknowledged fact that Iranian carpet weavers are subject to excessive fatigue. Earlier investigation has shown this to be largely due to a non-ergonomic body position while working at a traditional loom. It would appear that significantly increased production could be achieved by eliminating or reducing this fatigue. An Iranian engineer has attempted to do this by inventing a metal loom which takes ergonomic factors into consideration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the new loom by comparing the productivity of two groups in Kerman, Iran: one using the new ergonomic loom and the other using the traditional loom. In preliminary investigations various factors were taken into account so that the two groups might be considered comparable. After several observations the average productivity of each weaver was calculated (according to knots per day). The results showed that the ergonomic loom had the highest productivity figures for both sexes and that increased productivity was directly related to the degree of comfort of the carpet weavers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030444"}
{"pmid": "1030445", "title": "Some observations on the needs of ergonomics in industries in Hong Kong.", "content": "Some observations on the needs of ergonomics in industries in Hong Kong. The author's interest in ergonomics lies in the common ground it shares with occupational health, since ergonomics aims to make work easier, safer, and more productive and to promote efficiency, comfort, and health. In Hong Kong, owing to lack of natural resources and guaranteed markets, industrialization has not taken a smooth course. Only light industries exist, and one industry flourishes after another. Occupational health and safety tends to be neglected not only by the employers but by the employees. The government becomes the promoter of labor legislation. There is almost no information on occupational diseases. There are some elementary official statistics on occupational accidents. There is practically no research activities on this area going on. There is a very critical lack of occupational health, workers in Hong Kong. Ergonomics may help in improving the present situation because its aims are more positive to the industrialists and the workers who should be converted into educated consumers of ergonomics. In the long run, advancement in occupational health and safety practice will be made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030445"}
{"pmid": "1030446", "title": "Application of ergonomic principles in the factories of a developing country.", "content": "Application of ergonomic principles in the factories of a developing country. Several examples of the need for the application of sound ergonomic principles in Singapore factories are presented. Emphasis is laid on the necessity to consider local habits and customs in the devising of ergonomic solutions to occupational health problems. Examples are given concerning vehicle cabin design, difficulties due to climate differences in applying personal protective equipment or in building design, inadequate displays warning dangers, and health consequences of technical improvements, safety measures, or measures to achieve greater efficiency. Sometimes ergonomic practices may promote productivity but be prejudicial to health. In rapidly-changing and cosmopolitan Singapore, ergonomic principles are vital to all facets of manufacturing processes and the transportation and distribution of goods, but ergonomic practice can be complicated by several factors as indicated by such examples.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030446"}
{"pmid": "1030447", "title": "Ergonomics for occupational hygienists in developing countries with examples from Sri Lanka.", "content": "Ergonomics for occupational hygienists in developing countries with examples from Sri Lanka. Occupational health problems in developing countries, especially those situated in the tropical zone, are difficult to define. The conditions are more adverse in unorganized small-scale industries. The application of ergonomic principles in the practice of occupational health in developing countries must be subject to all aspects of community health and impact of industrialization as well. Ergonomics offers a broad concept to health scientists in developing countries. \"Systems ergonomics\" is not applicable. On the contrary, the fact that ergonomics conveys a different meaning to those in developing countries is highlighted by a few examples from Sri Lanka. The author presents his view for consideration in the development of international instruments to prescribe the sale of guarded machinery to developing countries and the limitation of incentive schemes for performing arduous tasks leading to occupational illnesses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030447"}
{"pmid": "1030448", "title": "Designed and real working situations in machine systems operation.", "content": "Designed and real working situations in machine systems operation. New work situations designed at the stage when new machine systems are introduced are realized on the assumption that the new systems can maintain their designed functions consistently, generally eliminating previous work habits and without sufficient knowledge about real working processes and skills. This may produce differences between designed and real working situations. Some examples are presented from observations on influence of modern design of cargo ships on their crews. It was difficult for crews to maintain stable working conditions, especially when machine systems deviated from their designed functions. Often the crew had to work in off-duty hours giving up private freetime activities. Among various factors contributing to the discrepancies between designed and real work, lack of availability of the new systems is the most important factor. Also important is lack of back-up systems which would function either when the machine systems are out of order or when previous working skills and habits must be applied. A need for developing methods of evaluation of these two factors from ergonomic points of view is pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030448"}
{"pmid": "1030449", "title": "Mechanization of agricultural work in Japan from an ergonomic point of view.", "content": "Mechanization of agricultural work in Japan from an ergonomic point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030449"}
{"pmid": "1030450", "title": "Working conditions and opinions of industrial workers in Thailand.", "content": "Working conditions and opinions of industrial workers in Thailand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030450"}
{"pmid": "1030451", "title": "An interdisciplinary approach to a trouble-shooting manual for vehicle drivers.", "content": "An interdisciplinary approach to a trouble-shooting manual for vehicle drivers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030451"}
{"pmid": "1030452", "title": "Basis for scientific studies of real life human acts.", "content": "Basis for scientific studies of real life human acts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030452"}
{"pmid": "1030454", "title": "Activity of established dominant focus and cortical arousal level.", "content": "Activity of established dominant focus and cortical arousal level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030454"}
{"pmid": "1030453", "title": "Shoulder muscle tenderness and physical features of female industrial workers.", "content": "Shoulder muscle tenderness and physical features of female industrial workers. Physique, muscle strength, and jump-step scores of female industrial workers, ages 17--34, were studied in relation to tenderness of shoulder muscles for five groups, (A) character display operators, (B) fluorescent lamp assemblers, (C) photographic film rolling workers, (D) teachers and nurses of handicapped children, and (E) office workers. No significant differences were found between the five groups in mean body height, body weight, and skinfold thickness, but mean knee extension force of groups A and C and mean back muscle strength of groups A, B, and C was significantly lower than that of group E. Workers of groups C and D with a low tenderness threshold of m. trapezius of 0.6 kg/cm2 or less had stiff shoulders more frequently and lower force levels of knee extension, back muscle, and upper arm abduction than those without tenderness. No similar tendency was found for groups B and E. Further, among workers with objective signs of occupational cervicobrachial disorder, there were few whose knee extension force or jump-step scores were above the averages of normal office workers. Shoulder muscles of such operators were revealed to be continuously contracted during operations. The possible effects of chronic fatigue due to repetitive operations on developing localized tenderness and occupational hazards are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030453"}
{"pmid": "1030455", "title": "Location and sound spectral properties of vocalization evoked by electrical stimulation of rat's brain.", "content": "Location and sound spectral properties of vocalization evoked by electrical stimulation of rat's brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030455"}
{"pmid": "1030456", "title": "Effects of asbestos and beryllium compounds on the alveolar macrophages.", "content": "Effects of asbestos and beryllium compounds on the alveolar macrophages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030456"}
{"pmid": "1030457", "title": "Microwave treatment for sudden deafness.", "content": "Microwave treatment for sudden deafness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030457"}
{"pmid": "1030491", "title": "Interpretive man: the enlarged self-image.", "content": "Interpretive man: the enlarged self-image.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030491"}
{"pmid": "1030492", "title": "New approaches to the analysis of personal constructs in person perception.", "content": "New approaches to the analysis of personal constructs in person perception.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030492"}
{"pmid": "1030494", "title": "The interaction model of communication: through experimental research towards existential relevance.", "content": "The interaction model of communication: through experimental research towards existential relevance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030494"}
{"pmid": "1030493", "title": "Metaphors for living.", "content": "Metaphors for living.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030493"}
{"pmid": "1030496", "title": "The child's constructing of self.", "content": "The child's constructing of self.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030496"}
{"pmid": "1030495", "title": "Current motivational models in the elaboration of personal construct theory.", "content": "Current motivational models in the elaboration of personal construct theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030495"}
{"pmid": "1030497", "title": "Gonadal effects of pinealectomy and immunization against N-acetylindolealkylamines in the hamster.", "content": "Gonadal effects of pinealectomy and immunization against N-acetylindolealkylamines in the hamster. In order to determine whether circulating melatonin (MEL) is necessary for the gonadal regression seen in hamsters exposed to a short photoperiod, animals were immunized with N-acetylserotonin (NAS) conjugated to protein. Antibodies formed against this conjugate bind MEL and NAS equally. When exposed to a short photoperiod (L:D, 1:23), a dramatic regression was seen in gonadal weight with no effect on body, Harderian gland or adrenal weight. Plasma testosterone levels also dropped. Immunization against NAS did not modify these effects, suggesting that circulating MEL does not mediate the antigonadal effect of the short photoperiod.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030497"}
{"pmid": "1030498", "title": "Differential localization of pituitary-adrenal activation and temperature changes following intrahypothalamic microinjection of morphine in rats.", "content": "Differential localization of pituitary-adrenal activation and temperature changes following intrahypothalamic microinjection of morphine in rats. Microinjections of morphine (MOR) into the basal mid-hypothalamus of rats elevate corticosteroid production of adrenal glands in vitro and plasma corticosterone (B) levels. Injections in or close to the rostral part of the arcuate nucleus were most effective in producing pituitary-adrenal activation, without affecting body temperature. Injections of MOR in the anterior hypothalamic area caused hyperthermia or hypothermia, depending on the dose and the site of injection, with little or no effect on piutitary-adrenal activity. The results indicate that piutitary-adrenal activation by MOR is mediated by structures in or close to the rostral part of the arcuate nucleus and that these structures can be distinguished from structures where MOR elicits temperature changes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030498"}
{"pmid": "1030499", "title": "Biogenic amine control of growth hormone secretion in the fetal and neonatal rat.", "content": "Biogenic amine control of growth hormone secretion in the fetal and neonatal rat. The development of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis for growth hormone (GH) secretion has been studied in the rat fetus and in the neonate 4, 24, 48 and 72 h after birth. Injections of the serotonin blocker cyproheptadine (Cypro) and a catecholamine, dopamine (DA), each led to reductions in the level of serum GH in 21 to 22 day fetuses and in neonates up to 3 days after birth. The O-methylated derivative of dopamine, dimethoxyphenylethylamine (DMPEA), did not alter serum GH levels from those seen in saline-treated control animals. These results indicate that biogenic amines exert control over GH secretion in the fetus, close to term, and in early neonatal period. They suggest that this control is similar to that seen in the adult rat and in man and that such control may operate through serotonin receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030499"}
{"pmid": "1030501", "title": "The pigmentary dispersion syndrome and glaucoma.", "content": "The pigmentary dispersion syndrome and glaucoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030501"}
{"pmid": "1030502", "title": "Ophthalmoplegic migraine and periodic migrainous neuralgia, migraine variants with ocular manifestations.", "content": "Ophthalmoplegic migraine and periodic migrainous neuralgia, migraine variants with ocular manifestations. The spectrum of migraine has been outlined with particular attention to two entities: Ophthalmoplegic Migraine and Periodic Migrainous Neuralgia. Although quite different in many respects from classical migraine, the relationship of a periodic localized vascular phenomenon giving rise to headache and transient neurologic signs, classify PMN and OPGM as migraine variants. Supportive of this concept, the literature has been reviewed in both entities, and some observations are made on the validity of earlier reports. It is the author's opinion that Raeder's syndrome should be reserved for patients with a lesion localizing in the paratrigeminal area. This does not exclude migraine as an etiologic agent but also recognizes tumors, infections and fractures as being more common.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030502"}
{"pmid": "1030505", "title": "On \"Cutting the cost of medical assistance\".", "content": "On \"Cutting the cost of medical assistance\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030505"}
{"pmid": "1030504", "title": "Minor skirmish in a monumental struggle: HEW's analysis of mental health services.", "content": "Minor skirmish in a monumental struggle: HEW's analysis of mental health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030504"}
{"pmid": "1030500", "title": "Biochemical effects of treatment with oral contraceptive steroids on the dopaminergic system of the rat.", "content": "Biochemical effects of treatment with oral contraceptive steroids on the dopaminergic system of the rat. The effects of acute and chronic administration of a combination of lynestrenol-mestrenol, a widely employed contraceptive medication, on the dopaminergic system of the rat forebrain and striatum were investigated to better understand the biochemical basis of the neurological side-effects of steroid contraceptive drugs (SCDs). Both acute and chronic treatment increased the disappearance rate of striatal dopamine (DA) after synthesis blockade with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-MpT). Moreover, the conversion of 3H-tyrosine (3H-T) into 3H-DA was increased in the forebrain and striatum after chronic administration of this steroid combination. In the same animals, the utilization of tyrosine (T) is increased. The effects of acute (4 days) and chronic (30 days) administration of a combination of lynestrenol-mestranol on the dopaminergic system of the rat forebrain and striata were studied.  Mature female Sprague-Dawley rats were used.  The dosage most often used was a 5: to .3 mg ratio/kg of body weight given orally.  The last dose was given 24 hours before sacrifice.  IV injection of tritiated-tyrosine was given at a dose of 1 mCi/kg.  Animals were sacrificed at 10 and 25 minutes after injection;  brains were removed and tissues immediately frozen and kept until assayed.  Polyethylene cannulae were implanted into the lateral brain ventricles 72 hours before the injection of the labeled amino and tyrosine, dissolved in Ringer's solution, at a dose of 7 microCi in each ventricle.  These animals were sacrificed and the striata kept frozen.  Rats received alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine-methyl ester, 200 mg/kg iv.  In each group 4 animals were sacrificed before treatments and at 1, 2, and 4 hours after this inhibitor was administered.  Both acute and chronic treatments increased the disappearance rate of striated dopamine (DA) after the synthesis blockade with alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine.  This effect may have been present in other areas of the brain also.  The conversion of tritiated-tyrosine into tritiated-DA was increased in the forebrain and striatum after the chronic administration of the compound.  In these animals the utilization of tyrosine was increased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030500"}
{"pmid": "1030506", "title": "Anatomy of the heroin problem: an exercise in problem definition.", "content": "Anatomy of the heroin problem: an exercise in problem definition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030506"}
{"pmid": "1030503", "title": "Cutting the cost of medical assistance.", "content": "Cutting the cost of medical assistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030503"}
{"pmid": "1030539", "title": "The Lx bodies of an eosinophilic granuloma in vivo and in vitro.", "content": "The Lx bodies of an eosinophilic granuloma in vivo and in vitro. The ultrastructure of an eosinophilic granuloma is described. The typical tumor cell in vivo is the generally round histiocyte containing Langerhans cell type granules (Lx bodies), lamellar bodies, cytoplasmic clefts, and a markedly indented nucleus. In vivo, the Lx body was often continuous with the cell membrane, contained a typical periodic or nonperiodic median density, and had dilatations. Some dilatations were coated and similar to membrane-coated vesicles. The longest Lx body measured 4000 nm. After 18 days in culture, the ultrastructure of the histiocytes was similar to those in vivo. However, the Lx body in vitro had no association with the cell membrane, had no membrane coating, the median density was usually nonperiodic, and the longest body measured 7000 nm. Lx bodies in vivo were occasionally associated with vesicles containing membrane-enclosed particles (70--80 nm in diameter) without dense cores, whereas the median density of some Lx bodies in vitro were associated with membrane-enclosed particles (42--85 nm in diameter) with dense cores. Descriptions of the Lx body, its transformations in vitro, and its relation to lamellar bodies, membrane coated vesicles, and virus-like particles are the principal subjects of this report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030539"}
{"pmid": "1030538", "title": "Effect of postoperative hypoparathyroidism on bone density.", "content": "Effect of postoperative hypoparathyroidism on bone density. The mean radiographic vertebral density of permanently hypoparathyroid patients was elevated above the normal-for-age, while the vertebral density of transiently hypoparathyroid patients was normal. Of the patients who received desiccated thyroid, both the transient and permanent hypoparathyroid patients had significantly higher-than-normal vertebral densities (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.02, respectively). The duration of thyroid treatment corresponded with the degree of hypermineralized vertebral density in the patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism and permanent hypothyroidism (r = .728, P less than 0.01). However, in the transient hypoparathyroid patients, no significant relationship was found between the duration of thyroid treatment and vertebral density. Visual assessment of spinal radiographs for incidence of vertebral compressions revealed no significant differences between hypoparathyroid patients and the controls. In the patients with transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism who received calcium and vitamin D, the initially depressed blood calcium levels were within normal limits at the follow-up observation, but the untreated permanent hypoparathyroid patients were still depressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030538"}
{"pmid": "1030540", "title": "The effect of angiotensin II on electrolyte excretion by the renal tubules.", "content": "The effect of angiotensin II on electrolyte excretion by the renal tubules. In vivo studies were done on mongrel dogs to determine the effect of angiotensin II on renal electrolyte excretion. Angiotensin II was infused directly into the left renal artery at a rate of 1 ng/kg/min. Angiotensin produced consistent reductions in the excretion of Na+, K+, and Cl- in the left kidney. These reductions could not be attributed to decreases in GFR or RPF. Electrolyte excretion by the right kidney was constant. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that angiotensin II may function as an intrarenal, antinatriuretic hormone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030540"}
{"pmid": "1030541", "title": "Distribution of trace elements in the Houston environment: relationship to mortality from arteriosclerotic heart disease.", "content": "Distribution of trace elements in the Houston environment: relationship to mortality from arteriosclerotic heart disease. The relationship of trace elements to arteriosclerotic heart disease (AHD) was assessed. Samples of water supplies in the Houston area were analyzed periodically for cadmium, lithium, iron and zinc. Mortality data for each of the sampling areas, delineated according to boundary of water service, were used to compute average annual age-adjusted death rates for white males aged 35 to 64 during the years 1969 to 1971. Linear regression analyses were performed on the chemical constituents for the age-adjusted death rates due to AHD. Positive correlation coefficients for lithium and zinc were found to be statistically significant at the 0.05 probability level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030541"}
{"pmid": "1030542", "title": "Renal autotransplantation: current perspectives.", "content": "Renal autotransplantation: current perspectives. Autotransplantation, with or without an extracorporeal renal operation, has been done 39 times in 37 patients. Indications for the procedure included severe ureteral injury in 4 patients, failed supravesical diversion in 2, renal carcinoma in a solitary kidney in 1, renovascular hypertension in 1 and donor arterial reconstruction before renal transplantation in 29. Success was obtained in all but 2 procedures, both of which involved previously operated kidneys with severe inflammation and adhesions involving the renal pelvis and pedicle. Based on our experience and a review of currently available literature we believe that renal autotransplantation and extracorporeal reconstruction can provide the best solution for patients with severe renovascular and ureteral disease not correctable by conventional operative techniques. The technique can be of particular value in removing centrally located tumors in solitary kidneys and in preparing donor kidneys with abnormal arteries for renal transplantation. The role of autotransplantation in the management of advanced renal trauma and calculus disease is less clear. A long-term comparison of patients treated by extracorporeal nephrolithotomy versus conventional lithotomy techniques will be necessary before a conclusion is reached in these disease categories.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030542"}
{"pmid": "1030543", "title": "Transurethral surgical table.", "content": "Transurethral surgical table.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030543"}
{"pmid": "1030545", "title": "Results of non-operative management of blunt renal trauma.", "content": "Results of non-operative management of blunt renal trauma. A study of 84 patients with blunt renal trauma has revealed that expectant, non-operative management of the clinically stable patient with either minor or more severe injuries (excluding vascular pedicle trauma) gives satisfactory results and entails few subsequent complications. The nephrectomy rate with expectant management is markedly lower than that reported after an immediate operation. The salvage of functioning renal tissue appears to be commensurate with angiographic delineation of devascularized tissue and would seem to be comparable to that of patients afforded immediate surgical intervention, without the threat of loss of the renal unit that appears to be entailed by early operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030545"}
{"pmid": "1030544", "title": "Hormones in renal cancer.", "content": "Hormones in renal cancer. Plasma renin, erythropoietin and chorionic gonadotropin levels were evaluated in 57 patients with renal adenocarcinoma. Renin elevation, found in 37 per cent, was unrelated to blood pressure levels but was associated with high grade, high stage lesions of mixed histologic cell type and predicted a poor prognosis. Erythropoietin was raised in 63 per cent of patients and was more sensitive than renin in indicating the presence of renal adenocarcinoma. However, it was less specific and did not correlate directly with tumor grade, stage, histologic type, prognosis or hematocrit and hemoglobin levels. None of the patients had elevated chorionic gonadotropin levels. Therefore, we believe that renin and erythropoietin determinations may be of value as biochemical tumor markers in renal adenocarcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030544"}
{"pmid": "1030551", "title": "Correlation of ureteral orifice position with renal morphology.", "content": "Correlation of ureteral orifice position with renal morphology. Double ureters and kidneys have provided models for the comparison of radiographic appearances and the microstructure of each renal segment, as well as the correlation with the position of the corresponding ureteral orifice. An orifice located within the limits of the normal vesical trigone portends normal renal radiography and morphology. Orifices outside the normal limits of the trigone signify accompanying renal malformations in the corresponding kidneys, such as hypoplasia or aplasia of nephrons that are often difficult to determine histologically but that give rise to thin kidneys and clubbed calices, dysplasia of nephrons and abnormal interstitial tissue and blood vessels, all of which are detected more readily on microscopic examination. The more abnormal the orifice is in location and characteristics the more abnormal are the ureteral and renal segments. The correlation also applies to upper tracts when they are associated with lower tract anomalies, such as congenital urethral valves, neuropathic bladders of myelomeningocele patients and paraureteral diverticula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030551"}
{"pmid": "1030547", "title": "Motion picture: transpubic total prostatectomy.", "content": "Motion picture: transpubic total prostatectomy. The transpubic approach for total prostatectomy is ideal in cases involving small glands that have been resected and reported as stage A tumors. The approach also is ideal for stage B1 and B2 tumors. It allows great ease in the osmosis of the bladder to the urethra and dissection of the lymph nodes in the obturator and iliac areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030547"}
{"pmid": "1030546", "title": "Elevated urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and its relationship among levels of plasma follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and testicular pathology in patients with severe oligospermia and/or azoospermia.", "content": "Elevated urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid and its relationship among levels of plasma follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and testicular pathology in patients with severe oligospermia and/or azoospermia. Plasma follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and urine 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels were measured in 300 patients seen at an andrology clinic. Testicular biopsies were obtained from many of the severely oligospermic or azoospermic patients. Plasma follicle stimulating hormone concentrations were related inversely to sperm cell concentration, while plasma testosterone concentrations were depressed as the sperm count decreased to 5 times 106 per ml. The urine levels of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid followed the same pattern as follicle stimulating hormone and were elevated in the group of individuals with sperm counts less than 10 times 106 per ml. Elevations in 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid often were associated with abnormalities in the testicular biopsy. Only 30 per cent of the patients who had elevated 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid also had elevated follicle stimulating hormone or depressed testosterone levels. The factors responsible for the elevation in 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid levels as the sperm count declines remain unclear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030546"}
{"pmid": "1030549", "title": "Thoughts on the prevention of urologic liability claims.", "content": "Thoughts on the prevention of urologic liability claims. We have approached the problems of increasing urological liability claims with a superficial study of their causes and some suggested solutions. We believe that this approach is important because it is one that the urological community can take immediately rather than waiting for changes in state and federal laws that may be of benefit in decreasing the impact of these suits. It seems to be the common disease and the simple operation that lead to the lodging of a claim.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030549"}
{"pmid": "1030550", "title": "Benzydamine: a new weapon in the treatment of interstitial cystitis.", "content": "Benzydamine: a new weapon in the treatment of interstitial cystitis. Benzydamine hydrochloride was synthesized in 1966 and developed in Italy. It belongs to a chemical class that has not been used previously in the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Benzydamine is not related to steroids or other anti-inflammatory drugs, it is given by mouth and its toxicity is low. A pilot trial was done in 25 cases of interstitial cystitis and virtually complete relief of pain was noted in 18 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030550"}
{"pmid": "1030553", "title": "Motion picture: rectal bladder with Gersuny procedure after radical cystectomy.", "content": "Motion picture: rectal bladder with Gersuny procedure after radical cystectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030553"}
{"pmid": "1030552", "title": "Complications of single and multistage operations for hypospadias: a comparative review.", "content": "Complications of single and multistage operations for hypospadias: a comparative review. From 1970 through 1975, 198 children with hypospadias were operated upon at our clinic. Three basic types of primary urethroplasty were used: 1) a modified 2-stage Cecil urethroplasty after separate straightening, 2) a modified 1-stage Denis Browne procedure after prior correction of chordee and 3) a 1-stage combined repair of hypospadias and chordee. A comparative review of early complications is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030552"}
{"pmid": "1030548", "title": "The continued evaluation of the effects of chemotherapy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate.", "content": "The continued evaluation of the effects of chemotherapy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the prostate. The response and duration of survival were evaluated for patients with stage D relapsing prostatic cancer who were randomized to cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan),5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or standard therapy, or to subsequent chemotherapies. The chemotherapies on initial randomization were superior to the standard therapy in the number of responders and duration of response. Survival was longer for responders (stable or partial regression) on chemotherapy by comparison to responders (stable only) on standard therapy. The survival for patients receiving initial and crossover chemotherapy was significantly improved for patients who responded to therapy. Chemotherapy of advanced relapsing stage D prostatic cancer is more beneficially treated by specific chemotherapy as shown in this randomized study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030548"}
{"pmid": "1030558", "title": "Kanamycin as a Ca++ antagonist.", "content": "Kanamycin as a Ca++ antagonist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030558"}
{"pmid": "1030560", "title": "Effect of hypertonic sucrose on the growth of Salmonella typhi in experimental blood cultures.", "content": "Effect of hypertonic sucrose on the growth of Salmonella typhi in experimental blood cultures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030560"}
{"pmid": "1030562", "title": "Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting with one piece spring catheter: technical note.", "content": "Ventriculo-peritoneal shunting with one piece spring catheter: technical note.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030562"}
{"pmid": "1030561", "title": "Hematological aspects of congenital syphilis.", "content": "Hematological aspects of congenital syphilis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030561"}
{"pmid": "1030569", "title": "Basal and insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism of isolated human fat cells.", "content": "Basal and insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism of isolated human fat cells. Glucose-U-14C-activity added to the incubation medium of isolated human fat cells was studied for its conversion to CO2 and its incorporation into fat cell triglyceride. In view of the wide scatter of the figures found under basal conditions as well as in the presence of 100 muU/ml of insulin, the correlations of fat cell glucose metabolism to ponderal index, total body fat mass weight, mean fat cell diameter, fat cell TG-content and age were analysed. The activity of glucose metabolism in obese individuals was found to be inversely related to the degree of obesity under basal conditions as well as under the effect of insulin. According to partial regression analysis, of all these parameters it was the ponderal index which showed the most significant inverse correlation to the activity of fat cell glucose metabolism. No appreciable relationship was found between the production of CO2 from glucose and age. Incorporation of 14C-activity into fat cell triglyceride showed a slight age-related increase under basal conditions as well as on insulin stimulation. It is concluded that at the cellular level it is the triglyceride saturation of fat cells which constitutes the endogenous regulatory factor responsible for the impaired biological action exerted by insulin on the enlarged fat cells in obesity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030569"}
{"pmid": "1030559", "title": "Study on the fractionation of synovial fluid protein.", "content": "Study on the fractionation of synovial fluid protein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030559"}
{"pmid": "1030567", "title": "Indocyanine green plasma clearance in normal human males and females.", "content": "Indocyanine green plasma clearance in normal human males and females. The plasma clearance of indocyanine green (Cardio-Green, 0.5 mg/kg body weight) was studied in a total of 352 plasma samples from 7 male and 8 female healthy volunteers, and total bilirubinaemia in 6 males and 6 females. Statistical analysis (linear regression, SAAM programmes by BERMAN and WEISS [2],t-test. F-test and rank correlation) disclosed a significantly higher plasma disappearance rate of indocyanine green and significantly lower total bilirubinaemia in females than in males with a statistically almost significant negative correlation of both phenomena. A better excretion of indocyanine green from liver to bile in males though statistically significant could be an artefact caused e.g. by a not quite significant abnormally of the calibration straight line of the dye.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030567"}
{"pmid": "1030566", "title": "Iron absorption and loss in psoriasis.", "content": "Iron absorption and loss in psoriasis. 59Fe absorption has been studied in psoriatics to elucidate the iron deficiency state. To determine the rate of iron loss, elimination of injected 59Fe was measured. In psoriasis mean iron absorption did not differ from the mean in the normal group, but a pathologically low absorption was found in 8 cases. Iron loss was significantly higher in psoriatics than in normal men, while it did not differ significantly from iron loss in  women with regular menses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030566"}
{"pmid": "1030565", "title": "Central pressor actions of angiotensin II.", "content": "Central pressor actions of angiotensin II. Involvement of the area postrema in experimental hypertension has been investigated. Ablation of the rear apex of the fourth brain ventricle (=the region of the area postrema) elevated blood pressure, heart rate and plasma angiotensin II level. The same characteristic changes were seen in the two kidney Goldblatt rat model of hypertension. A possible involvement of the area postrema in this model of hypertension is discussed. Intraventricular perfusion of angiotensin II elevated blood pressure without a significant change in heart rates. This pressor response appeared to be dependent on release of antidiuretic hormone. The results are discussed in relation to the intrinsic brain angiotensinogenase system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030565"}
{"pmid": "1030564", "title": "A study on the diverticular enlargement of the rat's submandibular duct (II).", "content": "A study on the diverticular enlargement of the rat's submandibular duct (II).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030564"}
{"pmid": "1030563", "title": "Critical review of shunting procedures for hydrocephalus.", "content": "Critical review of shunting procedures for hydrocephalus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030563"}
{"pmid": "1030572", "title": "Bacteriology and control of postoperative wound infection.", "content": "Bacteriology and control of postoperative wound infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030572"}
{"pmid": "1030570", "title": "Amniotic fluid total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and inorganic phosphorus in toxaemia of pregnancy.", "content": "Amniotic fluid total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and inorganic phosphorus in toxaemia of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030570"}
{"pmid": "1030554", "title": "Roles for women health workers in the United States and China.", "content": "Roles for women health workers in the United States and China.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030554"}
{"pmid": "1030568", "title": "DNA synthesis in cells of human tuberculous lymph nodes.", "content": "DNA synthesis in cells of human tuberculous lymph nodes. DNA metabolism of cells of tuberculous lymph nodes was studied autoradiographically with 3H-thymidine injected directly into one of the afferent lymph vessels. The undifferentiated mononuclear cells showed the most intensive DNA synthesis, but a large number of epitheloid cells had also become labelled. The nuclei of the giant Langhans cells took no label.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030568"}
{"pmid": "1030555", "title": "Environmental carcinogens.", "content": "Environmental carcinogens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030555"}
{"pmid": "1030556", "title": "Women and national health insurance.", "content": "Women and national health insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030556"}
{"pmid": "1030557", "title": "Government response to contraceptive and cosmetic health risks.", "content": "Government response to contraceptive and cosmetic health risks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030557"}
{"pmid": "1030588", "title": "Effect of chemical radioprotection on radiation injury of chromosomes.", "content": "Effect of chemical radioprotection on radiation injury of chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030588"}
{"pmid": "1030587", "title": "Vascular calcifications and osteoporosis in diabetes mellitus. X-ray study.", "content": "Vascular calcifications and osteoporosis in diabetes mellitus. X-ray study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030587"}
{"pmid": "1030589", "title": "The condition of motor cells in anterior horns of the spinal cord in relation to changes of inner structure of some muscles following denervation.", "content": "The condition of motor cells in anterior horns of the spinal cord in relation to changes of inner structure of some muscles following denervation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030589"}
{"pmid": "1030590", "title": "Cell cycle dependent radiation injury of chromosomes in vivo.", "content": "Cell cycle dependent radiation injury of chromosomes in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030590"}
{"pmid": "1030591", "title": "Education and measurement in educational therapy.", "content": "Education and measurement in educational therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030591"}
{"pmid": "1030592", "title": "The role of the educational therapist in adult education.", "content": "The role of the educational therapist in adult education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030592"}
{"pmid": "1030593", "title": "Counseling issues in retinitis pigmentosa.", "content": "Counseling issues in retinitis pigmentosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030593"}
{"pmid": "1030594", "title": "Coordination of work therapy in rehabilitation.", "content": "Coordination of work therapy in rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030594"}
{"pmid": "1030597", "title": "Knowledge and the patient: factors influencing what the patient receives.", "content": "Knowledge and the patient: factors influencing what the patient receives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030597"}
{"pmid": "1030595", "title": "The limits of loyalty.", "content": "The limits of loyalty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030595"}
{"pmid": "1030599", "title": "Cerebral palsy: the myth of a label.", "content": "Cerebral palsy: the myth of a label.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030599"}
{"pmid": "1030583", "title": "Some lungfunction studies on diffuse and bullous emphysema.", "content": "Some lungfunction studies on diffuse and bullous emphysema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030583"}
{"pmid": "1030600", "title": "The educational system as a rehabilitative process: difficulties and alternatives.", "content": "The educational system as a rehabilitative process: difficulties and alternatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030600"}
{"pmid": "1030598", "title": "Management by objectives: philosophy, theory, or technique?", "content": "Management by objectives: philosophy, theory, or technique?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030598"}
{"pmid": "1030629", "title": "Investigations on the conservation of parahaemolytic vibrios by lyophilization and direct desiccation. (Preliminary note).", "content": "Investigations on the conservation of parahaemolytic vibrios by lyophilization and direct desiccation. (Preliminary note).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030629"}
{"pmid": "1030630", "title": "Catalysome, an intra-lipochondrial microstructure of Acanthamoeba cells.", "content": "Catalysome, an intra-lipochondrial microstructure of Acanthamoeba cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030630"}
{"pmid": "1030650", "title": "An attorney's approach to psychiatrists in custody cases.", "content": "An attorney's approach to psychiatrists in custody cases. The contested custody case has in common with any other case that it is a search for the truth through the medium of the courts. Many modern thinkers believe that the courts are not the proper arena for discovering the truth in all cases. Increasingly, there is agitation to remove areas of testimony from the courts, placing them perhaps in the hands of some commission appointed by government. So far, this has not happened in the area of child custody, and we still have the courtroom technique of examination and cross-examination, with a final decision by a judge on the basic subject of truth, that is, what is the best interest of the child. The attorney can learn from the doctor in this process, and I think the doctor can learn from the courts. I hope the day will come when no psychiatrist will ever say that he is too busy to take the patient's case if it is likely to involve him in legal controversy. I hope the time will come when no psychiatrist will say that he will not become involved with a case unless he can do so as an appointee of the court as opposed to a doctor employed by one of the parties. I hope the doctor will look forward to providing testimony and that some of the thoughts expressed in this discussion will make his day in court a better experience for him.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030650"}
{"pmid": "1030651", "title": "Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with untreated central nervous system tumors.", "content": "Carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with untreated central nervous system tumors. This study was designed to determine whether immunological examination of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid would be helpful in detecting central nervous system tumors. Forty patients with tumors of the central nervous system were compared with 108 control patients. The findings suggest that: 1) CEA determinations are not helpful as a screening test in detecting preclinical central nervous system tumors; 2) Serum CEA determinations may be useful in determining the presence of a malignant tumor in patients with a circumscribed uptake on brain scan or a nonspecific mass lesion at cerebral angiography; 3) Cerebrospinal fluid CEA determinations were of no value in detecting central nervous system tumors; 4) Further study on a larger population of malignant central nervous system tumors is warranted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030651"}
{"pmid": "1030653", "title": "Alternating Bell's palsy associated with diabetes mellitus. A report of four cases.", "content": "Alternating Bell's palsy associated with diabetes mellitus. A report of four cases. Four diabetic patients are presented with alternating facial palsy. The term alternating is meant to imply facial nerve paralysis, the onset of which occurs at different points in time on both sides of the face. Clinical findings are presented and a short review of the literature is summarized. The authors conclude that alternating facial palsy is often associated with diabetes mellitus. Alternating facial palsy is an infrequent finding. This is in marked contrast to the unilateral form. Approximately every 13 minutes someone in the United States incurs idiopathic facial paralysis or Bell's palsy (20 persons per 100,000 per year). It is apparent that the majority of unilateral facial palsies fall into the idiopathic category. The alternating form of facial paralysis, however, appears to be an unusual finding in a symptom complex of several diseases which will be discussed. It is the diagnostic significance of this alternating facial paralysis and its occasional association with diabetes mellitus that prompts this report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030653"}
{"pmid": "1030654", "title": "The measurement of spatial contrast sensitivity in cases of blurred vision associated with cerebral lesions.", "content": "The measurement of spatial contrast sensitivity in cases of blurred vision associated with cerebral lesions. Thirty-five patients with known cerebral lesions complained of recently acquired blurred vision. None of them had evident oculomotor or pupillary abnormalities, and each had intact central fields and normal visual acuity by conventional standards. Examination of spatial contrast sensitivity was carried out with sinusoidal grating patterns, by determining the minimum contrast between alternate light and dark bars required to distinguish the pattern from a homogeneous field. This was done at each of several spatial frequencies which were established by varying the width of the bars and hence the coarseness of the pattern. The contrast sensitivities were plotted as \"visuograms\" which, by analogy to audiograms, record the sensitivities in comparison to normal standards. Of the 35 patients, most showed significant losses, amounting to greater than 50 per cent elevation of contrast thresholds. Eighteen showed high frequency losses; 11 had uniform reductions over the entire visible spatial frequency range and 6 had selective frequency losses in the intermediate frequency ranges. These defects in spatial contrast sensitivity, which were not predictable from standard acuity scores, indicate that the visual symptoms in our patients may have been caused by damage to frequency-selective neural elements in the central visual systems. The method may be used to advantage in clinical investigations as well as in physiological investigations of the functional pathways subserving central vision.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030654"}
{"pmid": "1030655", "title": "Primary cerebral neuroblastoma. A clinicopathological study of 35 cases.", "content": "Primary cerebral neuroblastoma. A clinicopathological study of 35 cases. A series of 35 primary cerebral neuroblastoma is reported. These rare tumours occur most often in children in the first half of the first decade. Grossly the tumors are often massive, discrete, lobular, firm and cystic. Histologically three variants, largely determined by the extent and distribution of the fibrous connective tissue stroma, are recognized: (1) a classical variant, which most resembles the peripheral neuroblastoma and is characterized by a high frequency of Homer Wright rosettes and a relatively high frequency of ganglionic differentiation; (2) a desmoplastic variant, which is characterized by an intense connective tissue stroma; and (3) a transitional variant, in which both the classical and the desmoplastic features may be present within the same case, either concurrently or consecutively. Both the desmoplastic and the transitional forms are less likely to exhibit differentiation to mature ganglion cells, but the importance of identifying the primitive cell elements as neuroblasts is emphasized. With rare exceptions, this can be established only by specific silver impregnations on frozen material. Occasionally the direction of growth may be largely leptomeningeal. Seven illustrative clinical histories with pathological correlations are described. The over-all clinical behaviour of these tumours is that of malignant neuroepithelial neoplasms, characterized by a high recurrence rate. Recurrence may, however, be a late development, in some cases occurring five or seven years after apparently successful surgical removal. The tumour shows shows a high incidence of metastatic spread, almost 40 per cent of the cases examined at autopsy having disseminated in the cerebrospinal pathways. Exceptionally, extraneural metastases may also develop. However, long post-operative survival occasionally occurs, and the subsequent clinical course is not always predictable in the individual case. The differential diagnosis is briefly discussed. The cellular nature of the tumour and its biological behaviour recall those of the cerebellar medulloblastoma. Post-operative radiation to the entire neuraxis should be considered for these neoplasms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030655"}
{"pmid": "1030652", "title": "Congenital facial neuropathy in oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia-hemifacial microsomia (Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome).", "content": "Congenital facial neuropathy in oculoauriculovertebral dysplasia-hemifacial microsomia (Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome). Four patients with clinical features of Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome who showed facial paralysis on clinical examination are presented. The fourth case died following surgery for cleft lip. Autopsy revealed hypoplasia of the right facial nerve in its intracranial segment, with small right facial nucleus in the brain stem. Nosological aspects of the Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome are discussed. Peripheral facial paralysis, as a part of this syndrome, is reviewed in the light of clinical and pathological findings and in its relationship to cardiac anomalies. It is suggested that Goldenhar-Gorlin syndrome is a part of a so-called cardiofacial syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030652"}
{"pmid": "1030656", "title": "Enhanced pressor response to noradrenaline in patients with cervical spinal cord transection.", "content": "Enhanced pressor response to noradrenaline in patients with cervical spinal cord transection. Arterial blood pressure, heart-rate and the electrocardiogram were recorded in subjects tetraplegic from cervical spinal cord transections, and in control subjects, before, during and after intravenous infusions of 1-noradrenaline. Over a wide range of doses the blood pressure rose much more in the tetraplegics than in the controls. Circulating noradrenaline during infusion did not significantly differ between the two groups. The findings indicate that tetraplegic subjects have an enhanced pressor response to noradrenaline infusions. Such a response therefore does not necessarily indicate post-ganglionic sympathetic denervation. The observed responses in the tetraplegics may in part be due to exaggerated adrenergic receptor responses, but the main cause is likely to be the loss of those baroreceptor reflexes with sympathetic efferent pathways.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030656"}
{"pmid": "1030658", "title": "Learning and insight in psychotherapy.", "content": "Learning and insight in psychotherapy. The main objectives of this paper are: (a) an overview of therapeutic parallels and differences between psychoanalytic and behavioral psychotherapy; (b) an analysis of learning process with reference to insight taking place during psychotherapy. For attaining these objectives, the author reviews the literature and explores the cognitive and educational values inherent in the psychotherapeutic process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030658"}
{"pmid": "1030657", "title": "Radiculomyelitis following acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis.", "content": "Radiculomyelitis following acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. The clinical manifestations and natural history of radiculomyelitis following a newly reported disease--acute haemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC)--have been studied in 33 patients in Taiwan, and the following observations made: All the patients in this series were adults at ages ranging from 21 to 55 years; the salient initial neurological manifestations were radicular pains and acute flaccid paralysis which developed from five to thirty-seven days after the onset of AHC. In some patients, signs and symptoms indicating involvement of the meninges, cranial nerves and the white matter of the cord were observed; motor paralysis was the most striking feature during the whole clinical course; it consisted of flaccid asymmetrical weakness in one or more limbs, usually being more severe in the lower limbs than in the upper, and often more proximal than distal. Atrophy in the severely affected muscles usually became apparent in the second or third week of the weakness; the prognosis regarding the return of function in the affected muscles was dependent on the severity of the involvement. Permanent incapacitation due to paralysis and muscular atrophy in the affected proximal muscles of lower limbs was the main sequel in severe cases. The pattern and prognosis of flaccid motor paralysis were reminiscent of acute poliomyelitis in which the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord are mainly involved. Pleocytosis ranging from 11 to 270 per mm3 was noted in the majority of the patients when the cerebrospinal fluid was examined within the first three weeks from the onset of neurological symptoms; the total protein level was raised invariably from the second week onwards in all specimens, and remained so throughout the subsequent course as long as the seventh week or later. Tissue culture neutralization tests were performed on the sera from 9 patients; significant rises in the antibody titres (greater than or equal to 1:16) to AHC virus antigens were found in 8 cases, and in 2 of them a fourfold rise in the paired sera was noted. The differentiation of this syndrome from poliomyelitis and from Guillain-Barré syndrome, the relative freedom of children from neurological complications of AHC and the aetiological relationship of AHC virus to the syndrome have been discussed. It is concluded that this unusual neurological syndrome is caused by the neurovirulent properties of the AHC virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030657"}
{"pmid": "1030660", "title": "Hypnotic recall and flashback: the remembrance of things present.", "content": "Hypnotic recall and flashback: the remembrance of things present. There are two kinds of flashbacks: the self-programed or intra-individual variety and pre-programed or inter-individual flashbacks re-presenting mythical and narrative event structures which contribute to the survival of the species. Both types of experiences are arousal-state bound and stage (set and setting) or culture bound. Flashbackers may be characterized by (1) their variability (large SD) on perceptual-behavioural tasks pointing to their extensive cognitive or interpretive repertoire, (2) they are minimizers (or reducers) of sensory input (particularly at the peak of a hallucinogenic drug experience), (3) as a group they display high resting heart rates, (4) are hypnotizable and experience), (3) as group they display high resting heart rates, (4) are hypnotizable and hence (5) prefer righ cerebral hemispheric cognition, (6) displaying EEG-alpha dominance in the resting, waking state. Flashback and hypnotic recall differ only in the ways and means by which they are induced. Hypnotic induction, however, is not to be confused with the induced state that may be any ordinary or non-ordinary state of consciousness on the perception-hallucination-meditation continuum which the subject has a least once experienced before. If mind is an open system comprising the individual's mind and the minds of his total environment, i.e. his past and present sets and settings, then for many of us thoughts and actions are hypnotically induced, and memories are flashbacks of those experiences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030660"}
{"pmid": "1030661", "title": "The hyperkinetic child syndrome: the need for reassessment.", "content": "The hyperkinetic child syndrome: the need for reassessment. The dramatic increase in the incidence of hyperkinesis witnessed in recent years constitutes a growing concern for the children so classified. Some relevant issues are discussed in terms of (a) diagnostic practices, (b) treatment practices, and (c) changing views about the nature of the disorder itself. Rather than focusing on the child as a source of the problem (as has typically been the case), future research and practices need to demonstrate a broad-based perspective on the adjustment problems of these children that examines \"situational\" determinants and institutional policies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030661"}
{"pmid": "1030663", "title": "Isotope lymphography of the retrosternal region.", "content": "Isotope lymphography of the retrosternal region. The authors have examined 150 patients with Hodgkin's lymphomas and cancer of the breast and lung. They consider indirect lymphography as a screening method necessary to be completed with available clinical examinations. In normal scintigram it is possible eliminate the pathological process. Even when some part of lymphatic region is not scanned it is possible to say that the suspicion of a pathological process is highly probable. It is necessary to consider the anatomical variability of lymphatic vessels. Therefore, the scintigram must be evaluated together with other clinical findings. The examination of axillar and cervical area of lymphatic system and the determination of eventual collateral circulation is recommended simultaneously with retrosternal lymphography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030663"}
{"pmid": "1030664", "title": "Control of the RIA method as viewed from the standpoint of the investigation on the kinetics of the insulin-125 I-antibody reaction.", "content": "Control of the RIA method as viewed from the standpoint of the investigation on the kinetics of the insulin-125 I-antibody reaction. In this paper attempts were made towards the optimalization and the control of some parameters of the RIA reaction. Basing on the law mass action, as well as on the Scatchard's and Sip's equations, the equilibrium constants for the reversible reaction: insulin-125I-antibody for different incubation temperatures were calculated. Moreover a characteristic of the antiinsulin antibody by means of the \"alpha\"heterogeneity coefficient was done, as well as the values of the thermodynamic function increments were calculated, which made possible to point out explicitly the optimal shape of the standard curve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030664"}
{"pmid": "1030665", "title": "A rational approach to \"in vitro\" thyroid function testing.", "content": "A rational approach to \"in vitro\" thyroid function testing. A system of \"in vitro\" thyroid function testing is proposed whereby laboratory staff select the most appropriate screening test depending on the information supplied by the clinician. Total serum triiodothyronine (T3) or thyroxine (T4) are used for screening as appropriate. In borderline cases, secondary tests are performed automatically according to a flow chart. This system improves efficiency and is cost effective, saving approximately 1,800 pounds annually in a laboratory handling about 5,000 requests for thyroid function tests each year.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030665"}
{"pmid": "1030666", "title": "Experiences with the use of the 131I-hippuran test as an indicator in functional patency of ventriculocardiac shunts in hydrocephalic children.", "content": "Experiences with the use of the 131I-hippuran test as an indicator in functional patency of ventriculocardiac shunts in hydrocephalic children. In this paper a method is presented that provides information on the function of ventriculocardiac shunts in hydrocephalic children. There is good correlation between clinically and operatively demonstrated obstruction of the shunts as well as with clinically found free C.S.F. passage through the shunt. However, the greatest benefit is provided with the aid of the present method in cases with equivocal obstruction of the shunt where in our experience some operations of the shunt could be postponed or completely avoided in some cases. Because of its simplicity, safety, rapidity, and easy repeatability the method is recommended for routine ambulatory and hospital use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030666"}
{"pmid": "1030662", "title": "Chronobiological pattern of growth hormone secretion in normal subjects and in retinopathic diabetics. Lack of suppression by a plurichronocorticoid drug.", "content": "Chronobiological pattern of growth hormone secretion in normal subjects and in retinopathic diabetics. Lack of suppression by a plurichronocorticoid drug. Nyctohemeral variations in plasma concentrations of HGH, glucose, and FFA were studied in 22 normal subjects and 48 diabetic patients affected with retinopathy. In the normal subjects, (fourteen males and eight females, mean age 40+/-3 years; body weight less than 110% of I.B.W.) the determinations were made on blood samples drawn every hour. Seven of these normal subjects were examined before and after 10 days of administration of a new plurichronocorticoid drug (administered at 08(00) and 15(00), with a total amount of 14 mg of prednisolone and 15 mg of cortisone). In patients with diabetic retinopathy (32 male and sixteen female patients, mean age 46+/-2 years, body weight less than 110% of I.B.W.) the determinations were made on blood samples drawn every 3 hrs. All the diabetic patients were insulin treated and were under good or discrete metabolic control, and presented advanced retinopathy. Both in the normal subjects and in retinopathic diabetics, the mean HGH curve showed a characteristic elevation during the early nighttime hours (between 21(00) and 02(00). Despite higher values in plasma glucose and FFA, in diabetics the nocturnal elevation of HGH was only slightly lower than in the normals. The comparison between daytime and nighttime determinations, both in the normal subjects and in the diabetics, reveals statistically significant differences. These results suggest that in subjects with diabetic retinopathy, in the phase of good or discrete metabolic control, spontaneous HGH secretion is not increased, and that nocturnal elevation of HGH is not substantially influenced by higher plasma levels of glucose and FFA. Ten days of plurichronocorticoid treatment with a new drug which exhausts its activity before the evening, did not modify the circadian rhythm of HGH.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030662"}
{"pmid": "1030673", "title": "Definitions and terminology in cancer (tumor) etiology--an analysis aiming at proposals for a current internationally standardized terminology.", "content": "Definitions and terminology in cancer (tumor) etiology--an analysis aiming at proposals for a current internationally standardized terminology. The Committee on International Collaborative Activities (CICA) of the International Union Against Cancer (UICC) has decided to attempt to provide a current international standardized terminology in cancer (tumor) etiology, in cooperation with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the Worlk Health Organization (WHO). As a first stage of this attempt and to encourage international discussion, CICA has requested one of its members, the author, to formulate and publish under his responsibility the present analysis and proposals. The present paper to be published in a number of cancer journals outdates all of its previous versions or drafts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030673"}
{"pmid": "1030675", "title": "Cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes to bronchogenic carcinoma cells in patients with lung cancer.", "content": "Cytotoxic activity of lymphocytes to bronchogenic carcinoma cells in patients with lung cancer. Cytotoxicity of peripheral blood lymphocytes against a cultured cell line QG-56 of a bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma was studied by a microcytotoxicity test in 33 cases of bronchogenic carcinoma. An augmented cytotoxicity was detected in the patients in early stages of the disease as compared to normal controls or the patients carrying other types of tumors. The cytotoxicity declined as the stages of cancer advanced. The patients with high degree of cytotoxicity appeared to show better clinical course after radiotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030675"}
{"pmid": "1030674", "title": "HeLa cell-tumor in nude mice and its response to antitumor agents.", "content": "HeLa cell-tumor in nude mice and its response to antitumor agents. HeLa cells were heterotransplanted to nude mice and their response to some of antitumor agents was investigated. HeLa cell-tumor readily grew in nude mice and no regression was observed. Metastases to the lung and other organs were noticed in some of the animals. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor retained the original characteristics of human epidermoid carcinoma. Standardization of HeLa cell-tumor in nude mice for the screening and evaluation of antitumor chemotherapeutics was attempted. Marked inhibition of tumor growth was observed with lower doses of Mitomycin-C, 5-fluorouracil, Adriamycin, and Bleomycin. The tumor regression was observed with high doses of Mitomycin-C, Adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil. However, cyclophosphamide, cytosine arabinoside, and daunorubicin had little effect on the tumor growth. Complete regression was not obtained with any of the test agents and active regrowth took place even with the most effective compound. Considerable variation in the effect on tumor growth was observed among the test compounds, while histopathological findings were much alike; few mitotic figures, vacuolization, and pyknosis were main changes in tumor cells, and large foci of necrosis and hemorrhage were present in the degenerative areas. The regrowth was initiated around the capillaries in the necrotic tumor tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030674"}
{"pmid": "1030676", "title": "Effect of a sulfated polygalacturonic acid on the proliferation of cells in culture.", "content": "Effect of a sulfated polygalacturonic acid on the proliferation of cells in culture. The effect of a low molecular weight sulfated polygalacturonic acid on the growth of BALB/c 3T3 cells and HeLa cells was examined. This chemical reduced the saturation density of 3T3 cells in the range of concentrations of 10(-4) to 1 mg/ml, and inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells, causing little or no cell damage. Treated cells began to grow after removal of the sulfated polygalacturonic acid. Treatment with this acid also induced enlargement of the cell size in 3T3 cells, and a marked reduction of colony size and of central piling up in HeLa cells. 35S-sulfated polygalacturonic acid was bound to the cells immediately. Electrophoretic mobility of both cell lines treated with this sulfated polygalacturonic acid increased the negative charge of the cell surface. These evidences suggest that sulfated polygalacturonic acid affects the cell surface, restricting the cell growth of both cell lines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030676"}
{"pmid": "1030678", "title": "Properties of thymidine kinase partially purified from human adrenal glands.", "content": "Properties of thymidine kinase partially purified from human adrenal glands. Thymidine kinase was partially purified from human adrenocortical carcinoma, hyperplasia, and normal adrenal glands. For the purpose of clarifying the qualitative and quantitative difference of thymidine kinase between cancer and normal tissue, biochemical properties of partially purified thymidine kinase were compared. Adrenocortical carcinoma and hyperplasia contained greater concentration of thymidine kinase than normal adrenal gland. By the DEAE-cellulose chromatography, adrenocortical carcinoma gave two peaks (Peak I and Peak II) of thymidine kinase, while in hyperplasia and normal adrenal gland, the second peak (Peak II) was only slightly detected or hardly detected. Thymidine kinase in these three glands was identical with respect to pH optimum and inhibition by dTTP, but inhibition by dCTP was quite different. dCTP inhibited the activity of normal adrenal gland and Peak II of adrenocortical carcinoma by 55% and 40% at 0.1 mM, respectively, but the activity of adrenocortical hyperplasia and Peak I of adrenocortical carcinoma was hardly affected. Normal adrenal enzyme was more stable against heat inactivation than adrenocortical carcinoma and hyperplasia. The apparent Km with thymidine for Peak I and Peak II of adrenocortical carcinoma, hyperplasia, and normal adrenal gland was 5.0, 11.1, 5.1 and 25.0 x 10(-6)M, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030678"}
{"pmid": "1030677", "title": "Tumors of the upper digestive tract of ACI/N rats given N-propyl-N-nitrosourethan in the drinking water.", "content": "Tumors of the upper digestive tract of ACI/N rats given N-propyl-N-nitrosourethan in the drinking water. Three groups of ACI/N rats of both sexes were given 400, 200, or 100 ppm of N-propyl-N-nitrosourethan (PNUR) continuously in the drinking water. The incidence of tumors in the upper digestive tract was 100% in all 3 groups. These tumors were observed most frequently in the forestomach, followed by the esophagus, oral cavity, and pharynx. Histologically, all the tumors were papillomas or squamous cell carcinomas. A few tumors were detected in the small intestine and glandular stomach. The study on morphogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas arising from the upper digestive tract indicates that the majority of tumors of the esophagus and forestomach may pass through acanthosis or hyperkeratosis, leukokeratosis, and papilloma, and finally develop into invasive squamous cell carcinoma, but many carcinomas of the oral cavity and pharnyx, especially the tongue, may develop without passing through a papillomatous stage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030677"}
{"pmid": "1030679", "title": "Comparison of the manifestation of radiation-induced lethal damage in in vitro and in vivo systems.", "content": "Comparison of the manifestation of radiation-induced lethal damage in in vitro and in vivo systems. The kinetics of radiation-induced cell death was compared in in vitro and in vivo systems, using mouse mammary carcinoma cell line, FM3A. Cultured and ascites cells were irradiated with 5 krad of X-rays, and changes in the number of viable cells and in the cell volume after irradiation were analyzed. The volume of irradiated cells in both systems increased about 5 times that of control after 3 generations and was saturated. Cells in vitro began to die after 3 generations. The number of cells in vivo began to decrease immediately after irradiation, but the rate of the decrease became large at 3rd generation. It was concluded that radiation-induced lethal damage manifests itself in the same way at the intracellular level in both systems, and some dying cells in vivo were eliminated before manifestation of lethal damage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030679"}
{"pmid": "1030680", "title": "Tumour-associated hepatocellular mitosis in Ehrlich ascites tumour-bearing mice.", "content": "Tumour-associated hepatocellular mitosis in Ehrlich ascites tumour-bearing mice. The hepatocellular mitotic response associated with Ehrlich ascites tumour is mediated by the tumour less than 48 hr, but more than 18 hr prior to the time of observation (day 8 of tumour growth). Tumour-associated hepatocellular motisis is normally centrilobular in distribution and appears to involve marginally more of the liver lobule than is sensitive to the necrotic effect of CCl4. There is failure to summate mitotic activity when both tumour-associated hepatocellular mitosis and regenerative hepatocyte motisis would be expected to occur; in this situation regenreative heaptocyte mitosis is the overwhelming contributor to the observed mitotic index. It is postulated that tumour-associated hepatocellular mitosis is obligatorily centrilobular. Tumour-associated hepatocellular mitosis, on the evidence of the present work and the results of others using intraperitoneally administered proteolytic enzymes as inducers of hepatocyte mitosis, is considered to be systematically mediated; there is complete failure to observe any perilobar preponderance of mitotic activity. This implies an indirect effect of tumour in producing the hepatocyte mitogen. Criteria obtained from the present work are suggested as useful in any attempt to isolate and identify the true or in vivo tumour-associated mitogen, and would help to exclude possible non-specific mitogens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030680"}
{"pmid": "1030683", "title": "Ultrastructure of the chorionic villus of the human placenta of the second and third trimester pregnancy.", "content": "Ultrastructure of the chorionic villus of the human placenta of the second and third trimester pregnancy. 38 human placentae of the 14th week of normal gestation were studied ultrastructurally. The thickness of the syncytial layer of villi varied markedly, and the syncytial cytoplasm showed marked vacuolization, which increased in the course of pregnancy in association with intensification of processes of resorption and absorption and hormonal function of the syncytium. Toward the end of the 2nd and at the beginning of the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, hypertrophic cytotrophoblastic cells appeared, whose ultrastructural character indicated functional stimulation. This observation contradicts the widely held view that cytotrophoblastic cells undergo gradual reduction in the course of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030683"}
{"pmid": "1030682", "title": "Accumulation and localization of lead in Eisenia foetida (Oligochaeta) tissues.", "content": "Accumulation and localization of lead in Eisenia foetida (Oligochaeta) tissues. 1. Accumulation and distribution of lead in tissues of Eisenia foetida (Oligochaeta) living in soils with different concentrations PbO2 was studied histochemically and with the use of the dithizione method. 2. The earthworms absorb lead from the soil through the alimentary canal as well as through the body wall. this leads to considerable accumulation of this metal in epithelial cells, especially in the epithelial gland cells of the body wall and of the alimentary tract. 3. High concentration of lead in the soil does not favour increased accumulation of lead in the earthworms' organisms. The histochemical data show that the most intense accumulation occurs when the concentration of PbO2 is 0-4 mg/1-00 g soil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030682"}
{"pmid": "1030684", "title": "Characteristics of drug abuse patients at a Veterans Administration Hospital.", "content": "Characteristics of drug abuse patients at a Veterans Administration Hospital. A total of 308 patients were treated at the Wood VAC Drug Treatment Center during its first 2 years of operation (November 1, 1971-October 318 1973). They completed confidential questionnaires upon admission. Personal information and data concerning drug usage were obtained. Significant findings include the following: 1. A wide variety of opiate and nonopiate drugs were available in the military. 2. Although most patients had experienced illicit drugs prior to service, over 60% tried heroin for the first time while in the military; 83% of these men were subsequently treated for opiate dependence. 3. High rates of unemployment, marital instability, and convictions for illegal activities were revealed. A significant proportion of first convictions occurred prior to major drug usage. Data suggest that a flexible and multimodal approach to drug abuse therapy may have the best potential for success. Problems in evaluating and coordinating drug treatment programs are discussed briefly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030684"}
{"pmid": "1030685", "title": "Psychological testing and the detection of drug abusers.", "content": "Psychological testing and the detection of drug abusers. Empirical studies using psychological tests for the detection and early identification of drug abusers are summarized. Although the emphasis is on personality testing, intelligence and special aptitude tests are included. The author concludes that psychological testing has not been successful in differentiating drug abusers from other sampled groups. The ARCI and MMPI personality tests show potential, but their validity remains to be fully demonstrated. Factors for their lack of success include subjects with different \"response sets\" and in specific institutionalized settings. Recommendations for additional research in noninstitutional environments are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030685"}
{"pmid": "1030686", "title": "Two contrasting alcoholism treatment programs: a comparison of outcomes.", "content": "Two contrasting alcoholism treatment programs: a comparison of outcomes. Participants in two 60-day alcoholism treatment programs with contrasting treatment philosophies and rationale were followed-up 1 year after discharge from the hospital. Widely different results were obtained with distinctly different alcoholic veteran populations. Response to treatment was highly favorable for less symptomatic alcoholics when direct emphasis was place upon the alcoholism per se and complete abstinence. Less favorable responses were achieved with overt neurotic alcoholics when treatment was designed to resolve underlying personality disturbances. Self-reports of marked depression, anxiety, and prior treatment for alcoholism were three pretreatment variables found significantly related to unsuccessful drinking outcome. The implication of these findings is that treatment outcome is largely dependent upon both the characteristics of the population treated and the treatment approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030686"}
{"pmid": "1030687", "title": "Student drug use: attitudinal, parental relations, and sex differences--a pilot study.", "content": "Student drug use: attitudinal, parental relations, and sex differences--a pilot study. Student drug abuse and its relationship to attitudes held by the abuser, sex differences,and the abuser's relationship to his parents were studied. The Parent-Child Relations Questionnaire and four Smantic Differnetials regarding the \"real\" me, the perceived me, the immediate world and the drug addict were employed. Subjects were divided into present, past, and never users. Results indicated striking sex differences as well as differences between female present and never users with respect to all the attitudes investigated and the perceived relationship with the mother. It was hypothesized that the etiological factors surrounding female drug use may be psychodynamic in nature while the etiological factors for male drug use may be environmental.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030687"}
{"pmid": "1030688", "title": "Studies on the nicotine exposure of individual smokers. I. Changes in mouth-level exposure to nicotine on switching to lower nicotine cigarettes.", "content": "Studies on the nicotine exposure of individual smokers. I. Changes in mouth-level exposure to nicotine on switching to lower nicotine cigarettes. Twenty-four subjects smoked two brands of filter-tipped cigarettes delivering different amounts of nicotine, on the following 4-week schedule: 1. Smoking their usual brand for 1 week. 2. Smoking another brand similar in size, but delivering less nicotine, for 2 weeks. 3. Reverting to their usual brand for 1 week. The amount of nicotine entering the mouth, defined as the mouth-level exposure, was estimated from a determination of the amount of nicotine trapped in the filter of each cigarette smoked. The results indicate a substantial variation in mouth-level exposure for the subjects studied, even among smokers of cigarettes that deliver similar amounts of nicotine when smoked on a machine under standard conditions. For the majority of subjects, however, changing to a lower nicotine cigarette reduced the total daily mouth-level exposure to nicotine and, therefore, presumably the total tar intake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030688"}
{"pmid": "1030689", "title": "Criminality and addiction.", "content": "Criminality and addiction. This follow-up study describes the criminal activity of samples of 112 dropouts and 110 active patients from one of the largest methadone maintenance programs in New York City. Certain refinements in the categorization of \"dropouts\" and in the calculation of crime rates are proposed that appear necessary if different drug treatment modalities are to be compared. Considering the rates for property offenses committed during the year following admission to the program, the highest rates are among the court cases included in the sample of active patients, followed by the dropouts who were in institutions at the time of the interviews, and the dropouts who went to other methadone programs. The data suggest that methadone alone, without adequate supportive services, will not solve the crime problem and may even exacerbate it, at least for some groups of addicts. The need to monitor, alter, and improve treatment programs is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030689"}
{"pmid": "1030690", "title": "Frequency and magnitude distribution of life change in heroin and alcohol addicts.", "content": "Frequency and magnitude distribution of life change in heroin and alcohol addicts. A study of the frequency and magnitude of life change in two Veterans Administration Hospital addiction groups was made. Both heroin and alcohol addicts were characterized by a high frequency and magnitude of life change. The life change was highly correlated between the two addictions and there were no significant differences. This kind of evaluation is seen as important in identifying areas in which social disruption is concentrated and as an aid to organizing treatment in a way that is acceptable and nonthreatening to the patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030690"}
{"pmid": "1030691", "title": "Benzidine and congeners: analytical chemical properties and trace analysis in five substances.", "content": "Benzidine and congeners: analytical chemical properties and trace analysis in five substances. Spectrophotofluorimetric (SPF) methods are described for the trace analysis of benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine, 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, and their dihydrochloride salts in microbiological growth media, waste water, potable water, human urine, and rat blood. The salient elements of the methods for these known or suspected carcinogens are: extraction of the residues as the free amine with benzene, rapid cleanup on an alumina column, and quantification of the free amine in methanol via SPF. Potable water solutions of the salts are diluted with buffer (pH-4) and quantified directly by SPF. Ancillary analytical information concerning the solubility and stability of these compounds in water, p-values, gas chromatographic analysis of the free amines, and thin layer chromatographic data in ten solvent systems are also presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030691"}
{"pmid": "1030692", "title": "Determination of cadmium in the livers and kidneys of puffins by carbon furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.", "content": "Determination of cadmium in the livers and kidneys of puffins by carbon furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. A carbon furnace atomic absorption procedure is described for the determination of cadmium in the livers and kidneys of puffins, fratercula arctica. Samples are dried and weighed and 2 to 100 mg are dissolved in sulphuric and nitric acids. These solutions are analysed directly in the carbon furnace against aqueous standards and provide accurate results in the range 0-1 to 100 micrograms/g dry weight. The method is simple and rapid and requires much less of the small total sample than would be required for flame atomic absorption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030692"}
{"pmid": "1030694", "title": "Evidence against the postulated identity of e-antigen with DNA polymerase associated with the hepatitis B candidate virus.", "content": "Evidence against the postulated identity of e-antigen with DNA polymerase associated with the hepatitis B candidate virus. Partially purified preparations of e-antigen, obtained from sera of hepatitis B antigen carriers, were chromatographed on columns of immobilized single- or double-stranded DNA or on pyran-Sepharose. e-Antigen did not adsorb to any of these columns under conditions appropriate for the retention of various nucleic acid polymerases. Therefore, e-antigen and the DNA polymerase associated with Dane particles can be regarded as distinct proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030694"}
{"pmid": "1030696", "title": "Scales for measuring general health perceptions.", "content": "Scales for measuring general health perceptions. This article reports on the construction and testing of eight health perception scales from 32 items on a standardized survey instrument designed for self-administration, the Health Perceptions Questionnaire (Form II). The scales measure perceptions of prior health, current health, health outlook, resistance/susceptibility to illness, health worry/concern, sickness orientation, rejection of sick role, and attitude toward going to the doctor. Field testing revealed that the scales are valid, reliable, and stable over time for diverse populations. It is recommended that the scales be used in studies requiring general health measures. Suggestions for future research are offered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030696"}
{"pmid": "1030693", "title": "Interferon synthesis in mouse peritoneal cells damaged by X-irradiation.", "content": "Interferon synthesis in mouse peritoneal cells damaged by X-irradiation. NDV-induced interferon of peritoneal cells of irradiated (X-rays, 400 R) and control mice was investigated in vitro. Irradiation or treatment with hydroxyurea (10(-5) M) and mitomycin C (25 microng/ml) did not change interferon synthesis in spite of an 80--90% inhibition of 3H-thymidine incorporation. Increased doses of mitomycin C and treatment with actinomycin D and puromycin blocked interferon production. De novo interferon synthesis occurred in cells with damaged replicative activity of DNA caused by irradiation or by treatment with antimetabolites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030693"}
{"pmid": "1030695", "title": "The mortality component of health status indexes.", "content": "The mortality component of health status indexes. The mortality component of contemporary health indexes is discussed. Since these indexes reduce to mortality indexes when only life and death states enter the analysis, they share the conceptual weaknesses of mortality indexes. Also, they do not incorporate consumption variables explicity and therefore provide no structure for relating health status and living standard. Some attention is devoted to methodological problems of assessing survival probabilities, either from survey or experimental data or from beliefs of experts or individuals who are affected directly. The final section deals with individual preferences for survival lotteries. Conceptual weaknesses of common indexes are discussed, several canonical models for survival preferences are presented, the interdependence of individual utilities is discussed, and methods for eliciting individual survival preferences are considered, along with some illustrative empirical results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030695"}
{"pmid": "1030698", "title": "The K index: a proxy measure of health care quality.", "content": "The K index: a proxy measure of health care quality. An index of health care quality is described that requires data on \"sentinel health events\"--unnecessary death and disability caused by specific ICDA-coded conditions on which medical agreement can be reached about avoidability of negative outcomes. The proposed index combines measures of incidence, severity, and concentration of sentinel health events in communities and compares the measures with mean values for a group of normative communities, to arrive at index values that are distributed as X2 for a group of communities with regard to the mean health conditions experienced by the normative communities. Calculation of the index is illustrated with hypothetical data, and problems of selecting normative communities are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030698"}
{"pmid": "1030697", "title": "Income group differences in relationships among survey measures of physical and mental health.", "content": "Income group differences in relationships among survey measures of physical and mental health. The present research tested the hypothesis that the experience of health is hierarchically organized such that gratification of physical health needs must precede gratification of mental health needs. It was reasoned that because the nondisadvantaged possess greater resources for the gratification of health needs in general, symptoms of mental illness would be more salient for this group and thus better able to explain variance in both mental and physical illness. On the other hand, it was reasoned that symptoms of physical illness would be more salient and thus better able to explain variance in both mental and physical illness for the disadvantaged. Results of the study indicate income group differences in patterns of relationships among health variables, supporting the hypothesis and suggesting important differences in the validity of health measures across income groups. The results are related to previous findings in medical sociology, and suggestions for future research are made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030697"}
{"pmid": "1030699", "title": "Predicting self-assessed health status: a multivariate approach.", "content": "Predicting self-assessed health status: a multivariate approach. Two-stage multivariate analysis was used to examine factors affecting personal perception of health status. In the first stage, sociodemographic variables were used as independent variables in Automatic Interaction Detector (AID) analysis in order to partition the study sample (11,153 civilian noninstitutionalized adults aged 58-63) into subgroups. In the second stage, binary multiple regression analysis was performed on each AID subgroup and on the total sample. Predictors used were indicators of psychological, socioeconomic, and sociomedical well-being. Finally the applicability of these indicators in classifying persons in one of the two categories of perceived health status was examined by discriminant function analysis. Sociomedical health indicators were better explanatory variables of self-assessed health status than socioeconomic or psychological indicators of well-being.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030699"}
{"pmid": "1030701", "title": "A comparative study on somatic treatment and comprehensive treatment of bronchial asthma.", "content": "A comparative study on somatic treatment and comprehensive treatment of bronchial asthma. Asthmatic patients who were treated at our hospital for at least 3 months and for whom a follow-up was conducted were divided into 2 groups according to their attitudes toward psychotherapy: Group I who accepted psychotherapy and Group II who did not accept it as part of our comprehensive approach. We examined the differences in therapeutic results in these two groups obtaining the following information: (1) No significant differences was found between Groups I and II as to the onset age, family history, type, severity, laboratory findings, etc. (2) In Group I, no significant difference was found in therapeutic results as to the onset age, type of asthma, its severity, etc. (3) In Group II, a significant difference was observed in the therapeutic results as to the onset age, type of asthma and its severity. These findings were almost identical to the literature of the internal medicine field. (4) The difference in therapeutic results of Groups I and II was assumed to be related to the use of psychotherapy when psychological factors were present. (5) Although psychotherapy was shown to be effective in the treatment of bronchial asthma, we need to be aware that there is often initial resistance to the process and a tendency for patients to terminate prematurely.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030701"}
{"pmid": "1030700", "title": "Health status: types of validity and the index of well-being.", "content": "Health status: types of validity and the index of well-being. The concept of validity as it applies to measures of health and health status is examined in the context of a set of standard, widely accepted definitions of validity. Criterion validity is shown to be irrelevant to health status measures because of the lack of a single specific, directly observable measure of health for use as a criterion. To overcome this problem, the Index of Well-being has been constructed to fulfill the definition of content validity by including all levels of function and symptom/problem complexes, a clearly defined relation to the death state, and consumer ratings of the relative desirability of the function levels. Data from a two-wave household interview survey provide convergent evidence of construct validity by demonstrating an expected positive correlation of the Index of Well-being with self-rated well-being and expected negative correlations with age, number of chronic medical conditions, number of reported symptoms or problems, number of physician contacts, and dysfunctional status. Discriminant evidence of construct validity is demonstrated by predicted differences in correlation between concurrent Index of Well-being scores and self-assessed overall health status, and between the Index of Well-being scores and self-rated well-being on different days. A simple method of estimating a currently usable comprehensive population index of health status, the Weighted Life Expectancy, is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030700"}
{"pmid": "1030702", "title": "The smooth muscle cell. III. Elastin synthesis in arterial smooth muscle cell culture.", "content": "The smooth muscle cell. III. Elastin synthesis in arterial smooth muscle cell culture. Primate arterial smooth muscle cells and skin fibroblasts were examined for their ability to synthesize elastin in culture. In the presence of the lathyrogen beta-aminopropionitrile, the smooth muscle cells incorporate [3H]lysine into a lysyl oxidase substrate that was present in the medium and associated with the cell layer. A component having a mol wt of 72,000 and an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of authentic tropoelastin was isolated from the labeled smooth muscle cells by coacervation and fractionation with organic solvents. In the absence of beta-aminopropionitrile, long-term cultures of smooth muscle cells incorporated [14C]lysine into desmosine and isodesmosine, the cross-link amino acids unique to elastin. In contrast, no desmosine formation occurred in the fibroblast cultures. These characteristics demonstrate that arterial smooth muscle cells are capable of synthesizing both soluble and cross-lined elastin in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030702"}
{"pmid": "1030704", "title": "Evidence for RNA linked to nascent DNA in HeLa cells.", "content": "Evidence for RNA linked to nascent DNA in HeLa cells. Rapidly labeled, i.e., nascent, DNA from HeLa cells was separated from the bulk DNA by ultracentrifugation. Further characterization of the rapidly labeled component revealed that its sedimentation coefficient is in the range of 4S and that it exists in a single- and double-stranded conformation. Moreover, analysis by nitrocellulose chromatography and CsSO4 density sedimentation of the nascent DNA labeled with 3H-uridine revealed that it is covalently linked to short chains of RNA, indicating that in HeLa cells RNA primer is involved in DNA replication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030704"}
{"pmid": "1030703", "title": "Purification from black widow spider venom of a protein factor causing the depletion of synaptic vesicles at neuromuscular junctions.", "content": "Purification from black widow spider venom of a protein factor causing the depletion of synaptic vesicles at neuromuscular junctions. The aqueous extract of the venom glands of black widow spiders was fractionated on a column of Sephadex G-200 and then on a column of DEAE-Sephadex A-50 pH 8.2. A protein fraction was obtained that caused a great increase in the frequency of occurrence of miniature end plate potentials at the frog neuromuscular junction, and caused swelling of the nerve terminals and depleted them of their vesicles. The fraction consists of a least four protein components that are similar in their molecular weights (about 130,000) and isoelectric points (ranging from pH 5.2 to 5.5) and are immunologically indistinguishable. It contains no sugar residues and has little or no lipolytic or proteolytic activity. The fraction is toxic to mice and is different from the fractions that act on houseflies, the crayfish stretch receptor and the cockroach heart. It seems pure enough to warrant a detailed study of its site and mode of action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030703"}
{"pmid": "1030706", "title": "Membrane flow during pinocytosis. A stereologic analysis.", "content": "Membrane flow during pinocytosis. A stereologic analysis. HRP has been used as a cytochemical marker for a sterelogic analysis of pinocytic vesicles and secondary lysosomes in cultivated macrophages and L cells. Evidence is presented that the diaminobenzidine technique (a) detects all vaculoes containing encyme and (b) distinguishes between incoming pinocytic vesicles and those which have fused with pre-existing lysosomes to form secondary lososomes. The HRP reactive pinocytic vesicle spaces fills completely within 5 min after exposure to enzyme, while the secondary lysosome compartment is saturated in 45--60 min. The size distribution of sectioned (profile) vaculoe diameters was measured at equilibrium and converted to actual (spherical) dimensions using a technique modified from Dr. S. D. Wicksell. The most important findings in this study have to do with the rate at which pinocytosed fluid and surface membrane move into the cell and on their subsequent fate. Each minute macrophages form at least 125 pinocytic vesicles having a fractional vol of 0.43% of the cell's volume and a fractional area of 3.1% of the cell's surface area. The fractional volume and surface area flux rates for L cells were 0.05% and 0.8% per minute respectively. Macrophages and L cells thus interiorize the equivalent of their cell surface area every 33 and 125 min. During a 3-period, the size of the secondary lysosome compartment remains constant and represents 2.5% of the cell volume and 18% of the surface area. Each hour, therefore, the volume and surface area of incoming vesicles is 10 times greater than the dimensions of the secondary lysosomes in both macrophages and L cells. This implies a rapid reduction in vesicle size during the formation of the secondary lysosome and the egress of pinocytosed fluid from the vacuole and the cell. In addition, we postulate that membrane components of the vacuole are subsequently recycled back to the cell surface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030706"}
{"pmid": "1030705", "title": "The role of actin in the temperature-dependent gelation and contraction of extracts of Acanthamoeba.", "content": "The role of actin in the temperature-dependent gelation and contraction of extracts of Acanthamoeba. The temperature-dependent assembly and the interaction of Acanthamoeba contractile proteins have been studied in a crude extract. A cold extract of soluble proteins from Acanthamoeba castellanii is prepared by homogenizing the cells in a sucrose-ATP-ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether) N,N'-tetraacetic acid buffer and centrifuging at 136,000 g for 1 h. When this supernate of soluble proteins is warmed to room temperature, it forms a solid gel. Upon standing at room temperature, the gel slowly contracts and squeezes out soluble components. The rates of gelation and contraction are both highly temperature dependent, with activation energies of about 20 kcal per mol. Gel formation is dependent upon the presence of ATP and Mg++. Low concentrations of Ca++ accelerate the contractile phase of this phenomenon. The major protein component of the gel is actin. It is associated with myosin, cofactor, a high molecular weight protein tentatively identfied as actin-binding protein, and several other unidentified proteins. Actin has been purified from these gels and was found to be capable of forming a solid gel when polymerized in the presence of ATP, MgCl3, and KCL. The rate of purified actin polymerication is very temperature dependent and is accelerated by the addition of fragments of muscle actin filaments. These data suggest that Acanthamoeba contractile proteins have a dual role in the cell; they may generate the forces for cellular movements and also act as cytoskeletal elements by controlling the consistency of the cytoplasm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030705"}
{"pmid": "1030707", "title": "Functional significance of the variations in the geometrical organization of tight junction networks.", "content": "Functional significance of the variations in the geometrical organization of tight junction networks. Using freeze-fracture techniques, we have examined the morpholog of tight junction networks found along the length of the alimentary tract of Xenopus laevis before and after metamorphosis. We have developed the hypothesis, based on these observations, that the geometrical organization of the network determined by the stress-induced shape changes normally experienced by the cells linked by the network. Consistent with this theory, tight junctions can be classified into two distinct types of network organization which differ in their response normal and experimentally induced stress conditions: (a) loosely interconnected networks which can stretch or compress extensively under tension, thereby adapting to stress changes in the tissue; and (b) evenly cross-linked networks which retain their basic morphology under normal stress conditions. The absorptive cells of the large intestine as well as the mucous cells of the gastrointestine or stomach are sealed by the first, flexible type of tight junction. The second type of junctional organization, the evenly cross-connected network, is found between absorptive cells of the small intestine and ciliated cells of the esophagus, and reflects in its constant morphology the relative stability of the apical region of both of these cell types. Networks intermediate between these two types arise when a cell which would normally form a lossely interconnected network borders a cell which tends to form a more evenly cross-linked network, as is found in the esophagus where ciliated and goblet cells adjoin. Despite the change in the animal's diet during metamorphosis from herbivorous to carnivorous, the basic gemetrical organization of the networks associated with each tissue of the alimentary tract remains the same.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030707"}
{"pmid": "1030712", "title": "The role of eye pathology in low vision evaluation.", "content": "The role of eye pathology in low vision evaluation. The low vision patient's ultimate function and ability to profit from his rehabiliation are influenced by his eye disease. A discussion of low vision patient management uses as a basis the observation that greater success is evidenced when the low vision patient is treated in the context of his eye disease, visual acuity and his subsequent adjustment problems. The diagnosis, visual acuity and the visual field are explored as elements of a functional classification. The author classifies eye diseases according to the pattern of visual field loss: no loss of visual field; central or macular field loss; peripheral or perimacular field loss. Visual characteristics are then elaborated and case management is suggested in the context of each category.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030712"}
{"pmid": "1030711", "title": "Ectogalactosyltransferase studies in fibroblasts and concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes.", "content": "Ectogalactosyltransferase studies in fibroblasts and concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocytes. In this communication, we have demonstrated that hydrolysis of the nucleotide sugar can cause errors in the detection of an ectoglycosyltransferase. Spleen cell suspensions can incorporate radioactivity when incubated with labeled UDP-galactose, but all the activity is due to decomposition of the nucleotide sugar and uptake of the free sugar. The fibroblast cell lines can incroporate carbohydrate directly from UDP-galactose. Several criteria are presented with can be used to demonstrate that a nucleotide sugar is the direct carbohydrate donor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030711"}
{"pmid": "1030710", "title": "Studies of excitable membranes. II. A comparison of specializations at neuromuscular junctions and nonjunctional sarcolemmas of mammalian fast and slow twitch muscle fibers.", "content": "Studies of excitable membranes. II. A comparison of specializations at neuromuscular junctions and nonjunctional sarcolemmas of mammalian fast and slow twitch muscle fibers. Mammalian fast and slow twitch skeletal muscles are compared by freeze-fracture, thick and thin sectioning, and histochemical techniques using conventional and high voltage electron microscopy. Despite gross morphological differences in endplate structure visualized at relatively low magnifications in this sections, rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) (fast twitch) and soleus (slow twitch) fibers cannot be distinguished on the basis of size, number, or distribution of molecular specializations of the pre- and postsynaptic junctional membranes exposed by freeze fracturing. Specializations in the cortex of the juxtaneuronal portions of the junctional folds are revealed by high voltage electron stereomicroscopy as a branching, ladder-like filamentous network associated with the putative acetylcholline receptor complexes. These filaments are considered to be involved in restricting the mobility of receptor proteins to the perineuronal aspects of the postynaptic membrane. Although the junctional membranes of both EDL and soleus appear similar, a differential specialization of the secondary synaptic cleft was noted. The extracellular matrix in the bottom of soleus clefts was observed as an ordered system of filamentous \"combs,\" These filamentous arrays have not been detected in EDL junctions. Examination of the extrajunctional sarcolemmas of EDL and soleus reveal additional differences which may be correlated with variations in electrical and contractile properties. For example, particle aggregates termed \"square arrays\" previously described in the sarcolemmas of some fibers of the rat diaphragm were observed in large numbers in sarcolemmas of EDL fibers but were seldom encountered in soleus fibers. These gross compositional differences in the membranes are discussed in the light of functional differences between fiber types.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030710"}
{"pmid": "1030713", "title": "Training low vision patients.", "content": "Training low vision patients. The importance of training low vision-patients to use low vision aids is discussed. The team approach is emphasized and the advantages of the additional expertise considered. Specific procedures and techniques are are recommended to enhance the chances for success of the training program and it is concluded that training is an important aspect of follow-up care which should be made an intergral part of low vision care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030713"}
{"pmid": "1030714", "title": "Community resources--why should we use them.", "content": "Community resources--why should we use them. Professionals working with low vision persons may find themselves in the situation where they are either the first or only contact known to their patient. Because one person is usually not able to fulfill the diverse needs of the visually impaired individual, he may find it necessary to refer patients to other sources. Knowledge of the role of other related professionals and their availability in the community may make the difference between a fragmetned receipt of services or a total approach to vision rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030714"}
{"pmid": "1030708", "title": "Segmental differentiations of cell junctions in the vascular endothelium. Arteries and veins.", "content": "Segmental differentiations of cell junctions in the vascular endothelium. Arteries and veins. A systematic survey of endothelial junctions in elastic (aorta) and muscular (mesenteric) arteries and in medium (renal and mesenteric) and large (cava inferior) size veins has been carried out in the rat using freeze-cleaved preparations. The arterial endothelium is provided with a complex of occluding and communicating junctions (gap junctions) comparable to, though less elaborate than, that described in arterioles. The particles of the occluding junctions behave like \"single unit\" particles and have the tendency to remain on B faces upon membrane cleavage. In the venous endothelium the junctions take the form of long occluding junctions with few associated communicating junctions (maculae communicantes). As in arterial endothelium, the junctional particles appear preferentially on B faces in cleaved preparations. These structures, although continuous over long distances, are interrupted focally by areas in which the junctional elements are similar to those found in venules: the ridges and grooves are short, discontinuous, randomly distributed along the general line of cell contact, and often particle-free. In muscular arteries two unusual types of junctions are encountered. Both are disposed in loops over short distances along the perimeter of the cell. One type appears to be a strectched-out version of the usual combination of occluding and communcating junctions of the arterial endothelium (this type is also occasionally encountered in the venous endothelium). The other type is reminiscent of the septate junctions found in the epithelia of invertebrates but the apparent similarity remains to be checked by further work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030708"}
{"pmid": "1030709", "title": "Isolation and electrophoretic analysis of nucleoli, phenol-soluble nuclear proteins, and outer cyst walls from Acanthamoeba castellanii during encystation initiation.", "content": "Isolation and electrophoretic analysis of nucleoli, phenol-soluble nuclear proteins, and outer cyst walls from Acanthamoeba castellanii during encystation initiation. A technique is described for isolating nuceoli from Acanthamoeba castellanii. Nuclei isolated by a modification of the technique of F. J. Chlapowski and R. N. Band (1971) are sonicated in a surcrose-Tris-MgSO4-KC1-Triton X-100 buffer and centrifuged on a linear sucrose gradient extending from 1.3 M to 1.5 M with a 2.6 M cushion, at 41000 rpm for 90 min. The only apparent contaminants in the nucleolar preparation are outer cyst walls. A procedure is described for the isolation of chemically pure outer cyst walls, and a comparison of the proteins with the nucleolar preparation reveals that outer cyst walls represent negligible contaminants. The ultrastructure of these isolated nucleoli examined with transmission electron microscopy is found to be identical with that of nucleoli from whole cells, fixed in an identical manner. The 50 nucleolar proteins separated by SDS gel electrophoresis have been examined throughout the growth cycle of Acanthamoeba and into the strat of induced encystment, at which time 10 protein bands disappear, 11 bands are observed to decrease, and 8 are seen to increase in concentration. Phenol-soluble proteins are extracted from the nucleolus which correspond to 29 of the 50 nucleolar proteins, with 17 of these proteins corresponding to nucleolar proteins that change at the onset of encystment. Thes nucleolar proteins are also compared with those of rat liver nucleoli by gel electrophoresis, resulting in the observation that extremely few protein homologies exist between the two. Numerous quantitative and qualitative changes in the gel pattern of phenol-soluble nuclear proteins during early and late log phase growth and the onset of stationary phase were also observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030709"}
{"pmid": "1030715", "title": "Visual acuity and highway accidents.", "content": "Visual acuity and highway accidents. An analysis of binocularly obtained visual acuity test scores of 13,786 automobile drivers was made in terms of the number of accidents reported by each driver during a 12 month period. For each of eight different age categories the drivers were classified as having poor acuity if their scores were below the lower quartile, and as having good acuity if their scores were above the median. The percent of drivers with poor acuity who reported three or more accidents was approximately double the percent of drivers with good acuity who reported three or more accidents. The proportion with poor acuity who reported two accidents was approximately 50% greater than the proportion for those with good acuity. These differences were statistically significant and prevailed at all age levels above 19 years. The differences in proportions reporting one accident and no accident for the poor and good acuity categories were not significant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030715"}
{"pmid": "1030716", "title": "The center of projection.", "content": "The center of projection. Our ability to manipulate ourselves and the objects which surround us in our object space depends upon reasonably precise localization of the perceived images of these objects in our visual space. To be functionally sensible, this premise suggests that a \"center of projection\" must be located somewhere on the subject's body. Two studies which were done in an effort to illuminate an earlier study in regard to the center of projection are reported. One study used an \"optical gun\" which forced the subject to \"shoot\" at a perceived target. A second study used a focused beam headlamp to indicate the perceived direction of a perceived target. The perceived direction of the targets was altered by changes in the accommodative stimulus. Since the subject was aware only of the perceived direction of the image and since, in addition, he could not see the results of his efforts to localize the target, the location of a fixed center of projection could not be demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030716"}
{"pmid": "1030717", "title": "What causes astigmatism?", "content": "What causes astigmatism? Although spectacles were invented in the 13th century, methods of testing for astigmatism have been developed only within the past one hundred years. Even today, the etiological factors responsible for corneal astigmatism are not well understood. A mechanism which may account for the existence of corneal astigmatism is proposed, on the basis of data concerning changes in astigmatism with age, racial variations in astigmatism and changes in astigmatism due to the wearing of contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030717"}
{"pmid": "1030718", "title": "Effects of mydriatics and a miotic on ocular discomfort and pupil responses.", "content": "Effects of mydriatics and a miotic on ocular discomfort and pupil responses. Mydriatics produced two different effects on the discomfort threshold following administration of the drugs depending upon whether the mydriasis was produced by paralysis of the sphincter muscle or by activation of the dilator. When the sphincter was paralyzed by tropicamide, the discomfort threshold was elevated during the period of time that the pupillary light reflex was significantly reduced to the flashing stimulus. Initially, phenylephrine-induced mydriasis had no effect on the discomfort threshold, but as the pupil responses returned to normal the threshold rapidly increased and then gradually returned to a pre-drug level. The return of the threshold back to normal seemed to parallel the decline of action of phenylphrine on the dilator muscle. Significant impairment of the light reflex by pilocarpine-produced miosis was also related to an increase of the discomfort threshold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030718"}
{"pmid": "1030719", "title": "Management of fifth metatarsal head lesions by biplane osteotomy.", "content": "Management of fifth metatarsal head lesions by biplane osteotomy. We have been using monoplane and biplane wedge osteotomies in the management of fifth metatarsal head lesions and have revised the procedure presented by Sgarlato, Subotnick and Gerbert in that we have been utilizing distal diaphyseal dorsiflexory adductory wedge osteotomies as well as proximal diaphyseal dorsiflexory adductory wedge osteotomies. We feel that the neck wedge osteotomy offers the advantage of reduced postoperative diability and correction of pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030719"}
{"pmid": "1030721", "title": "Melorheostosis.", "content": "Melorheostosis. Melorheostosis is a seemingly rare condition of unknown etiology. Although it affects bone primarily, it may also involve soft tissue. The lower extremities are most frequently affected, and joints may become stiff as a result of obstruction of joint motion by thickened cortical sclerosis. The disease is difficult to diagnose in the early stages before bone changes become evident, and it is easily misdiagnosed. Surgery may be required to prevent deformity or to restore normal function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030721"}
{"pmid": "1030720", "title": "A histologic analysis of plantar fibromatosis.", "content": "A histologic analysis of plantar fibromatosis. Space occupying lesions of the plantar aspect can be a most preplexing surgical problem. Investigation into the histopathology of one of these lesions is presented. An in-depth cellular analysis of primary structures related to abnormal findings is also presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030720"}
{"pmid": "1030722", "title": "Double osteotomies for structural correction of hallux abducto valgus.", "content": "Double osteotomies for structural correction of hallux abducto valgus. The authors discuss their procedure for performing osteotomies for correction of hallux abducto valgus. Their technique involves the use of a paper template which aids in establishing normal values according to the functional position in which they desire to place the joint. They outline their procedure for performing the closing abductory wedges of the base of the first metatarsal and the closing medial wedges of the head of the first metatarsal. After the correction has been completed, they apply a below-the-knee cast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030722"}
{"pmid": "1030724", "title": "Sinus tarsi pain: case history.", "content": "Sinus tarsi pain: case history. An attempt was made to give the podiatrist some insight into the differential diagnosis of sinus tarsi pain. One possible etiology is discussed in detail along with case presentation and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030724"}
{"pmid": "1030725", "title": "Reduction of comminuted metatarsal fractures utilizing circular wire fixation.", "content": "Reduction of comminuted metatarsal fractures utilizing circular wire fixation. The comminuted fracture of a metatarsal shaft provides a greater challenge to clinicians in relationship to stabilization and and fixation then does the simple noncomminuted type of fracture. Comminuted fractures may result in gross displacement or fragmentation of the bony segments calling for more dramatic methods of fixation to insure proper union with optimal bone healing and minimal postfrature complications. Adequate approximation of fractured bone segments is essential to insure proper restoration of function and stability to fractured bones. Open reduction with circular wire fixation is one method by which proper approximation of comminuted fracture bone segments can be accomplished.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030725"}
{"pmid": "1030723", "title": "A.C.F.S. Neoplasm survey of the foot--1975: A continuing study.", "content": "A.C.F.S. Neoplasm survey of the foot--1975: A continuing study. This continuing investigation, now in its third year, is being conducted to record statistics on tumors that affect the foot. The study was undertaken to increase the diagnostic information on the various types of tumors in order to assist the pediatric surgeon in the differential diagnosis and surgical management of tumors of the foot. The study is very important to the profession, and it is important for all foot surgeons to participate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030723"}
{"pmid": "1030726", "title": "Occlusive arterial disease in the lower leg and foot.", "content": "Occlusive arterial disease in the lower leg and foot. In approaching a patient suspected of peripheral vascular disease the following signs and symptoms are of key importance (16): 1) Pain in the extremity which is induced by exercise and relieved by rest; pain which is influenced by posture is localized to one digit, is unilateral or is paroxysmal. 2) Impaired pulsations of peripheral arteries. 3) Abnormal color of the skin, particularly when affected by raising or lowering the part. 4) Gangrene, ulceration, impaired nail and hair growth, excessive calluses, or paronychial infections. 5) Unusual warmth or coldness. 7) Swelling, atrophy, or difference in length of extremity. 8) Ausculatory evidence of arteriovenous fistula. 9) Cyanosis or unusual pallor of digits when immersed in cold water. 10) Peripheral neuritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030726"}
{"pmid": "1030727", "title": "Capsule reconstruction.", "content": "Capsule reconstruction. In this article, the author discusses the general concept of of capsule reconstruction and emphasizes the importance of discriminative judgement in in capsule reconstruction. He reviews capsular composition and histology, as well as varied capsulotomy procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030727"}
{"pmid": "1030728", "title": "Osteomyelitis associated with peripheral vascular disease secondary to diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Osteomyelitis associated with peripheral vascular disease secondary to diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus and arteriosclerotic vascular disease have been found to be the predisposing factors of osteomyelitis associated with peripheral vascular disease (10). A diabetic person is more susceptible to osteomyelitis because of the microangiopathy, peripheral neuropathy and decreased resistance to infection. In diabetes mellitus there can be microangiopathy which results from the proliferation of the endothelium of the intima and thickening of the basement membrane. This further contributes to a sluggish blood flow. In the patient with arteriosclerotic vascular disease, the lumens of the arterioles and arterioles are compromised by the atheromatous plaques. The anatomic structure of the blood supply to bone along with the pathologic membrane thickening, allows for slowing of blood. This slowing of blood flow causes micro-thrombi and enhances bacterial growth. In diabetes mellitus it has been shown that there is a decreased immunologic response which, along with the above, contributes to the sheltering and proliferation of bacteria in the small bones of the foot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030728"}
{"pmid": "1030729", "title": "Pattern-analytic approach to analysis of accidents due to human error: an application of the ortho-oblique-type binary data decomposition.", "content": "Pattern-analytic approach to analysis of accidents due to human error: an application of the ortho-oblique-type binary data decomposition. An ortho-oblique-type binary data decomposition based on data matrices providing relevant conditions of accidents is proposed as a means of classifying patterns of human error, and the computing procedures are described. The usefulness of the technique is shown by a numerical example of accidents in freight-car classification yard work. Forty-two severely injured victims were interviewed by psychologists and the contents of case reports were rearranged into a reliable binary data matrix which indicated the presence or absence of an interrelationship between each sample and each of 42 items of operational, environmental, and psychological conditions. Three patterns of error leading to an accident were identified by interpreting the orthogonally rotated results. They were 1) failure of strenuous performance in relation to fatigue and poor communication, 2) veterans' mistakes in teamwork, possibly due to hasty operation or distractions, and 3) errors caused by certain defects of machines or inappropriate work space. Recommendations were thus made on training plans for beginners. The importance of using non-scaled accidental data in binary form and allowing rotation for data decomposition is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030729"}
{"pmid": "1030730", "title": "Factors affecting choice of mode of sitting and sleeping by inhabitants of public housing.", "content": "Factors affecting choice of mode of sitting and sleeping by inhabitants of public housing. Field research on mode of living was undertaken in the winter of 1962 and 1973 in households in public residences owned by the Japan Housing Corporation. Factors affecting mode of sitting and sleeping were analyzed for 63 households replying to questionnaires in both years. Three modes, the floor, chair-beds, and their combined use were classified for three major living activities of meal-taking, relaxing, and sleeping. Rate of households with the chair-bed mode was the highest for meal-taking and the lowest for sleeping. Choice of the chair-bed mode was associated with young household heads, smaller family size, separation of sleeping rooms from dining space by a wooden floor, and possession of furniture for relaxing and fixed beds. The adoption of the floor mode was common to households with only elderly people who, in spite of ample space, preferred it and those with small children. The floor mode was also frequent in houses without dining-kitchen areas where meals and sleeping were usually done in the same room. The combined mode was found for all of the three living activities. The results confirm that each pattern of floor utilization was closely related not only with resident factors but also with limited living space and the family's own way of living.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030730"}
{"pmid": "1030731", "title": "Spontaneous alternation of the working arm in one-arm cranking.", "content": "Spontaneous alternation of the working arm in one-arm cranking. One-arm cranking was done by ten healthy male adults at an oxygen intake level of about 1.0 liter/min. Each subject performed two kinds of cranking at a speed of 60 rpm: forced cranking using only one arm continuously for 15 min and free cranking for 30 min with the instructions to alternate from one arm to the other whenever fatigue set in. The results, excluding those of a subject who changed arms very frequently, were analyzed. In forced cranking, oxygen intake and heart rate steadily increased, the average time of appearance of local fatigue being 161 sec for the stronger arm and 122 sec for the weaker one. In free cranking, the working arm was changed 6 to 23 times during the 30-minute period, while oxygen intake and heart rate increased with fluctuations. The mean duration interval was 175 sec with the stronger arm and 123 sec with the weaker one. The mean interval of arm alternation was positively correlated with the individual time of onset of the sensation of local rigidness during forced cranking, but not with the individual time of initiation of respiratory distress. It is suggested that alternation of active muscles in moderately dynamic work may be linked with an early stage of local fatigue which is different from that of static work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030731"}
{"pmid": "1030732", "title": "An electromyographic study on training to pronounce English consonants unfamilar to Japanese.", "content": "An electromyographic study on training to pronounce English consonants unfamilar to Japanese. This paper is concerned with the electromyographic analyses of the pronunciation of English consonants as pronounced by a native speaker, a well-trained Japanese, and an untrained Japanese. Six muscles related to movement of the lips and the mandible were tested. The three-paired English words (right--light, she--see, and thank--sank) were selected, as they include consonants that are very difficult for Japanese to pronounce or distinguish correctly when heard. Electromyographic results obtained for the native speaker and the well-trained Japanese indicated light pouting of the lips during the preparatory period for pronouncing [r], raising of the upper lip from the preparatory period in the pronouncing of [sh] and [th], and a downward spreading of the lower lip from the preparatory period in the pronouncing of [l] and [s]. The untrained Japanese subject was given individual and intensive training for several hours with a technique based on electromyographic observation results. Following this, the subject showed improvement in pronouncing the consonants, with the exception of [sh] which the subject had learned to pronounce at a language school. The electromyograms of the subject approached those of the native speaker and the well-trained Japanese.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030732"}
{"pmid": "1030734", "title": "Cardiorespiratory mobilization and endurance performance.", "content": "Cardiorespiratory mobilization and endurance performance. Twenty subjects performed for 11 min on a bicycle ergometer 30 sec following 5 min of prior exercise (PE) at each of four different intensities. PE was adjusted to maintain a heart rate of 110, 140, and 170 beats/min. The 4th treatment was no PE. Heart rate was an estimate of the mobilization of the cardiorespiratory system during exercise. The criterion task (CT) included cycling for 10 min against 3 kg resistance at 68 rpm followed by 1 min of an all-out work bout where subjects tried to complete as many rpm's as possible against 3 kg. The 11th minute was used to assure the complete exhaustion of energy reserves following the paced part of the task. Overall performance following PE-170 was significantly worse than that following no PE, PE-110, and PE-140, which was probably due to a build up of anaerobic metabolites such as lactate during the PE. Total work appeared to be greatest following PE-110, which showed a slight tendency toward better performance especially after the 6th minute. However, no clear cut evidence was produced to support the hypothesis that light to moderate PE would sufficiently improve performance by mobilizing the cardiorespiratory system, thereby reducing the initial oxygen deficit in the CT and thus allowing more work to be performed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030734"}
{"pmid": "1030733", "title": "Combined influences of ambient temperature and graded work on cardiopulmonary functions.", "content": "Combined influences of ambient temperature and graded work on cardiopulmonary functions. Several cardiopulmonary items were measured in eight adult females who had performed stationary ergometer cycling of 75-450 kgm/min in air temperature between 14 degrees and 35 degreesC. The experiments were designed on the basis of the Latin square method and the results were analyzed by computing the analysis of variance and multiple regression equations for each item linked with work rate and air temperature. In view of the degree of affinity of the effect of work rate and that of air temperature, the items could be divided into three groups. The first group consisted of items of pulmonary functions closely related with work rate but independent of air temperature, such as pulmonary ventilation, oxygen intake, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, and ratio of oxygen removal. The second group characterized by linear dependency on air temperature included mean skin temperature and mean innermost air temperature. The third group consisting of heart rate, pulse sum during work, and work pulse sum was intermediate. In spite of the confusion in the literature about the attitude of oxygen intake or mean skin temperature during work in heat, the former was the most stable in relation to change in air temperature and the latter was independent of work intensity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030733"}
{"pmid": "1030735", "title": "Influence of castration and testosterone on pineal multi-unit activity in quail.", "content": "Influence of castration and testosterone on pineal multi-unit activity in quail. Pineal multiple unit electrical activity was recorded in unanaesthetized quail maintained under a short or long daily photoperiod. Both spontaneous and flash-induced multiple unit firing were recorded in intact, castrated or superior cervical ganglionectomized birds. The effects of testosterone administration were tested in each experimental group. 10 Whereas orchidectomy led to a substantial rise in pineal multi-unit activity (MUA), testosterone propionate injection resulted in a markedly decreased MUA in castrates. A smaller decrease in MUA was caused by androgen treatment in intact or ganglionectomized birds. Androgen treatment of controls and ganglionectomized quail was not so effective in reducing pineal activity as was lengthening the photoperiod from 6L-18D to 18L-6D. 20 Repetitive photic stimulations resulted in a significant suppression of pineal MUA in all intact, castrated and ganglionectomized quail, whether or not testosterone was administered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030735"}
{"pmid": "1030737", "title": "Carotid sinus, aortic and subclavian baroreceptor activities during cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits.", "content": "Carotid sinus, aortic and subclavian baroreceptor activities during cardiopulmonary bypass in rabbits. 10Carotid sinus (SIN), aortic (AO) and subclavian (SUB) baroreceptor activities were recorded from intact nerves during experiments using cardiopulmonary bypass in 11 rabbits. These activities (number of impulses/second) were expressed as a percentage of basal activity observed before artificial circulation (AC). The preparation remained in a relative, \"stable period\" for up to 45 minutes. Then, a progressive decrease occurred in maximal arterial pressure (AP max) in the 11 experiments (fig. 2,4). 20 According to the level of arterial pressure the \"stable period\", our experiments can be divided into two groups: a) Group I (6 rabbits) with AP max greater than or equal 90 mm Hg; in this group, the correlation coefficients between pressure levels and nervous activities calculated during the period 0-70 min after the onset of AC, were positive (fig. 3) and statistically significant, as we could expect (AO, p less than 0.02; SIN, p less than 0.01; SUB, p less than 0.01). b) Group II (5 rabbits) with AP max less than 90 mm Hg; surprisingly, in this group no positive correlation was found between levels and nervous activities, which were generally very high (fig. 5). 30 Experiments were performed in 18 other rabbits in order to check the nature of the higher activities recorded in group II. These high activities were not of chemoreceptor or efferent origin, and, thus, were thought to be indeed really from baroreceptive fibres. 40 Ten experiments under AC were carried out to test the reactivity of baroreceptors in response to induced increase and decrease of pressure. The responses were qualitatively normal (i.e. an increase of pressure produced an increase in the nervous discharge), but in group II, the operative point was set at a higher level (fig. 6). 50 A possible, time-dependent, shift in the baroreceptor response curve under AC can account for these findings by giving, in some cases the illusion of a negative correlation between baroreceptor activity and arterial pressure (fig. 8). 60 The above mentioned shift in the baroreceptor response curve could be related to a change in sympathetic control of baroreceptors,resulting in a higher activity, and initiating and/or maintaining hypotension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030737"}
{"pmid": "1030739", "title": "Thoughts on love, sex, and commitment.", "content": "Thoughts on love, sex, and commitment. The effort is made to delineate some of the key issues involved in the interaction of love, sex, and commitment. Coupling is viewed from an ethological perspective that suggests that, in addition to the developmental contribution of the parent-child experience, peer-peer relating is a major determinant of adult hetrosexual relatedness. Couples are next considered as responding to social and economic forces that influence powerfully what types and duration of relationships have survival value. Finally, the nature of the inner experience of couples, their existential awareness of themselves and the other, and the meaning that they attribute to it is discussed. Being a member of a couple is participating in a story, sometimes a \"love story,\" and whether or not it is seen as a good story depends on one's critical vantage point. Finally, the analysis of relationships is contrasted with the experience of a relationship as a gestalt, a whole; not as the sum of its parts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030739"}
{"pmid": "1030740", "title": "Anger, sexuality, and the growth of the ego.", "content": "Anger, sexuality, and the growth of the ego. This paper examines the long-term issues of sexual dysfunction in terms of normal psychosexual development. Human sexual development and ego growth take simultaneous origin within the symbiotic relationship of the child and its first nurturant caretaker, usually the mother. Infantile sexuality, the pleasure of the total body, is equivalent to love and dependent upon sameness and continuity, tending toward fusion. Adult sexuality depends for its emotional impetus upon separateness and difference between lovers. Once established, adult sexual relationships drift inexorably toward the symbiotic unity implicit in loving. Genital sexuality may be sacrificed in the preference for more global satisfactions reminiscent of the infantile sexual experience. Essential to the adult sexual relationship then is the capacity to bear and express conflict and anger as a means of breaking the symbiotic tie; a continuous restructuring of ego boundaries is necessary for the maintenance of a functioning sexual relationship of long duration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030740"}
{"pmid": "1030741", "title": "Guidelines for evaluating sex therapy.", "content": "Guidelines for evaluating sex therapy. Clinical advances in the treatment of human sexual dysfunctions must be documented by objective and scientific assessments of changes in patients as a result of the therapy. The principle guidelines for evaluating such changes include (1) the use of standard methods of interviewing patients and recording information obtained, both before and after treatment, (2) careful specification of treatment technique(s) used, standardized when applied to any group of patients, (3) assessment of patients' psychosocial as well as sexual functioning, (4) clearly defined criteria for diagnosis and outcome, (5) use of control or comparison groups, and (6) methodical in-person follow-up contacts. The procedures can be applied by clinicians in their individual practice as well as by independent evaluation programs. These guidelines, presented in this paper, provide a framework for reliable investigations to determine which treatments work best for which patients with which sexual dysfunctions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030741"}
{"pmid": "1030742", "title": "Central auditory dysfunction.", "content": "Central auditory dysfunction. The numerous tests applicable to the assessment of central deafness are briefly reviewed. It is likely that the more specific verbal and non-verbal tests, which assess more complex auditory function, will prove to be most useful in the assessment of these problems. We believe that the concept of a spectrum of clinical-anatomical types of central deafness is useful, namely, cortical, brainstem and more peripheral forms; a detailed study of an example of a predominantly brainstem type of central deafness is presented. An interdisciplinary approach which applies the methods of the audiologist, otolaryngologist, and neurologist to these patients is required to localize the site of the lesion, to detect and describe the deafness and to establish its etiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030742"}
{"pmid": "1030743", "title": "Experiments on the mechanism of Ménière attacks.", "content": "Experiments on the mechanism of Ménière attacks. The pattern of response decline following semicircular canal stimulation corresponds to a mechanical process. This process is the elastic recoil of the hairs of the sensory cells. The response decline is the same, whether the endolymph-cupula system is patent or mechanically maintained in a displaced position. The role of the bending of the entire cupula as the principle factor is excluded for the response and its decline. Repeated endolymph displacements immediately after each decline of response always result in an equal response and its decline. This rules out the depletion of a chemical mediator as a cause for the response decline. Indentations of the sidewalks of the ampulla result in reactions suggesting that the ampulla is filled with a loose gel secreted by the planum semilunatum cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030743"}
{"pmid": "1030744", "title": "British Columbia ear bank.", "content": "British Columbia ear bank. The B.C. Ear Bank was established in 1974 as a temporal bone laboratory devoted to the study of hearing loss and histological examination of temporal bones. It expanded its activities to the collection and preservation of homograft otologic tissue needed for the ever expanding field of ear surgery. The function of the ear bank in these two fields is discussed in detail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030744"}
{"pmid": "1030745", "title": "Evoked potential audiometry.", "content": "Evoked potential audiometry. A large number of different components of the auditory evoked potential can be recorded from the human scalp using averaging techniques. It is now possible to evaluate with such evoked potential measurements the functioning of the entire human auditory system from the hair cell receptors to the association areas of cortex. This multiplicity of evoked potential components is important clinically since any one component measurement may be the most appropriate for a certain subject at a certain time, and also because the replication of objective audiological findings using more than one testing method allows greater confidence in the results. As well as providing an accurate means of determining the extent of a hearing loss, evoked potential studies can also provide information concerning the type and location of such a defect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030745"}
{"pmid": "1030747", "title": "Comparison of frequency characteristics of photopic and scotopic S-potentials in the carp.", "content": "Comparison of frequency characteristics of photopic and scotopic S-potentials in the carp. Frequency characteristics of photopic and scotopic L-type S-potentials were studied in the carp retina, using either an impulse or a sinusoidal light input superimposed on a steady background light of various intensities. The photopic type responses were faster than the scotopic responses if their frequency characteristics were compared without background illumination. However, the difference was not absolute. Both types of responses became faster in the presence of background illumination. The stronger the background, the faster was the response. At relatively high background intensities, the response to a flash became diphasic due to the rebound effect which corresponds to a low frequency attenuation in the gain characteristics. The main difference between the two types of responses was found in the phase relation; the scotopic units showed more phase lag indicating an extra delay even under a condition in which the time course of their response was faster than that of the photopic units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030747"}
{"pmid": "1030746", "title": "Killing effect of normal peritoneal exudate cells in guinea pigs on microfilariae of Dirofilaria immitis evoked by passive transfer of immune humoral factor.", "content": "Killing effect of normal peritoneal exudate cells in guinea pigs on microfilariae of Dirofilaria immitis evoked by passive transfer of immune humoral factor. Parasiticidal activity of normal peritoneal exudate cells on microfilariae of Dirofilaria immitis in diffusion chambers implanted into normal guinea pigs was evoked by intraperitoneal passive transfer of anti-D. immitis serum. The immune serum was fractionated into supernatant and sediment by ammonium sulfate precipitation. The parasiticidal effect was reproduced with the supernatant and, to a less extent, with the sediment. Anti-D. immitis serum from the animals sensitized 5 days before was also effective in this respect. From these results it can be concluded that the factor responsible for the phenomenon is some other factor(s) than the antibody. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicity test demonstrated an enhanced Mf-killing activity of sensitized peritoneal exudate cells by adding with anti-D. immitis serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030746"}
{"pmid": "1030748", "title": "Maximum capacity of ventilation and efficiency of gas exchange during liquid breathing in guinea pigs.", "content": "Maximum capacity of ventilation and efficiency of gas exchange during liquid breathing in guinea pigs. Mechanical characteristics of liquid breathing were studied in isolated lungs of guinea pigs filled with fluorocarbons FC-75 and 77. It was found that compliance increased to 2-2.5 times, resistance increased to 20 times, and maximum expiratory flow decreased to 1/20-1/25 times the corresponding values observed in air-filled lungs. The maximum volume of ventilation during liquid breathing was then predicted to be 50 ml/min from parameters mentioned above, and about 80% of such ventilation was actually observed in anesthetized animals. Measurements on O2-uptake and CO2-output as well as gas analysis of arterial blood showed that the ventilation volume was insufficient to maintain the normal gas exchange in the animal unless body temperature was lowered. An increase in physiological dead space observed during liquid breathing suggested that slow diffusion rate of gases through the liquid was responsible for the deficiency of the gas exchange.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030748"}
{"pmid": "1030749", "title": "Mechanisms underlying cessation of rabbit sinoatrial node pacemaker activity in high potassium solutions.", "content": "Mechanisms underlying cessation of rabbit sinoatrial node pacemaker activity in high potassium solutions. To determine the effect of high extracellular potassium concentration ([K]o) on the membrane current of the sinoatrial node cell, voltage clamp experiments were conducted using the double microelectrode technique. When depolarizing clamp pulses were applied, a transient inward current was followed by an outward current and an outward current tail flowed after the pulse. The amplitude of both the transient inward current and the outward current tail were markedly reduced with increasing [K]o, but the magnitude of the outward current during depolarization scarcely changed. The inward current during hyperpolarizing clamp pulses increased in magnitude at higher [K]o and the reversal potential for the inward current change decreased with increasing [K]o. From these results it was concluded that the suppression of the sinoatrial node automaticity at higher [K]o was due to the decrease in magnitude of both the transient inward current and the outward current tail. As the cause of the depression of the transient inward current, its inactivation through depolarization, increased outward leak current and some direct inhibitory effect of K were proposed. The reduction of the outward current tail was attributed to the decrease in the driving force of the K current.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030749"}
{"pmid": "1030750", "title": "Prostaglandin action on the main pulmonary artery and portal vein of the rabbit.", "content": "Prostaglandin action on the main pulmonary artery and portal vein of the rabbit. The effects of prostaglandins on electrical and mechanical properties of the rabbit pulmonary artery and portal vein were investigated and compared with those recorded from the guinea pig. In the pulmonary artery, PGE1 and PGE2 (10(-9)-10(-6) g/ml) had no effect on mechanical properties, but PGF2alpha (10(-8) g/ml) produced tonic contraction, while in the portal vein, PGE1 and PGE2 caused relaxation of the tissues. When the tissue of the pulmonary artery contracted from pretreatment with noradrenaline (10(-7) g/ml), PGE1 and PGE2 experienced partial, incomplete, relaxation, while PGF2alpha enhanced the mechanical response produced by noradrenaline. At concentrations of 10(-7) g/ml, PGE1 and PGE2 hyperpolarized the membranes in both smooth muscle tissues while PGF2alpha depolarized them. These agents decreased membrane resistance at all membrane potential levels to values below those measured in Krebs solution. PGF2alpha (10(-6) g/ml) applied simultaneously with procaine (1.4-2.7 x 10(-3) g/ml) markedly enhanced the mechanical responses of both tissues beyond the effects evoked by PGF2alpha alone. However, noradrenaline (10(-8) and 10(-7) g/ml) applied simultaneously with procaine (1.4 x 10(-3) g/ml) markedly suppressed the mechanical responses evoked by noradrenaline alone. It is concluded that PGE1 and PGE2 brought about relaxation of both tissues (vasodilation), while PGF2alpha brought about contraction (vasoconstriction). The excitatory action of PGF2alpha (10(-5) g/ml) and noradrenaline (10(-7) g/ml) on the electrical and mechanical responses appear as the same phenomena, i.e., depolarized membrane, decreased membrane resistance and contraction, although the mechanisms producing the above phenomena differ.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030750"}
{"pmid": "1030779", "title": "Reflective and impulsive children: strategies of information processing underlying differences in problem solving.", "content": "Reflective and impulsive children: strategies of information processing underlying differences in problem solving. The hypothesis that impulsive children differ from reflective children in their preferred strategy of information processing, based on extent of stimulus analysis, was investigated. The experiments employed different age groups and a variety of tasks, including matching, grouping, recall, and concept attainment. Stimuli were presented both visually and auditorily and included both visually and aduitorily and included both verbal and pictorial matrials. The tasks required verbal and nonverbal responses and varied in the level of stimulus analysis necessary for successful performance. The subjects' strategy was assessed by the quality of their performance on tasks requiring detail versus global processing, and by the strategy they chose to adopt in tasks where either detail or global processing led to successful performance. While reflective children performed better on tasks requiring detail analysis than on tasks requiring global analysis, impulsive children showed the reverse trend. Furthermore, when successful solutions could be reached via either a global- or a detail-processing strategy, impulsive children who adopted the former were equally as successful as reflective children who adopted the latter strategy. It was concluded that, contrary to existing views, impulsive children are not inferior to reflective children in general potential or problem-solving ability. Rather, the inferior performance of impulsive children frequently reported in the literature may be due to incompatibility between their preferred global-processing strategy and the detail analysis typically required for successful performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030779"}
{"pmid": "1030780", "title": "Spontaneous regression of hematologic cancers.", "content": "Spontaneous regression of hematologic cancers. Spontaneous regression of hematologic cancer is extremely rare. Data gleaned from the literature and from previously unreported cases allow certain interesting general conclusions. Spontaneous remission of acute leukemia is associated with bacterial infection and is of short duration, weeks to months. Spontaneous regression of lymphoma or plasma cell dyscrasia is often of substantial duration, months or years, and frequently is associated with viral infections. Spontaneous regression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia is also of significant duration and has been associated with the occurence of a new primary carcinoma in one-third of the cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030780"}
{"pmid": "1030781", "title": "Spontaneous regression of neuroblastoma.", "content": "Spontaneous regression of neuroblastoma. Case of spontaneous regression of neuroblastoma continue to occur in the present multimodal therapy era at institutions where physicians are prepared to withhold treatment on certain patients with residual primary or metastatic disease. From a survey of the 22 member institutions of Children's Cancer Study Group, seven hospitals submitted data on 24 neuroblastoma patients whose disease underwent regression after minimal, unusual, or no treatment. An analysis of these patients and of 33 patients form two large series in the literature shows that the majority of patients are infants with Stage II or Stage IVS disease. The spontaneous regression usually consists of complete disappearance of the disease, but in some neuroblastomas, maturation to ganglioneuroma takes place. The various factors that may influence regression are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030781"}
{"pmid": "1030782", "title": "Latent carcinoma and carcinoma in situ.", "content": "Latent carcinoma and carcinoma in situ. Lesions exist in the cervix that are diagnosed as carcinoma in situ; some may progress to invasive carcinoma and some may regress. Many are probably overdiagnosed, may represent effects of promoting agents rather than intiating agents, and may entail risk for the patient in that the lesion may be an unusualy good target in carcinogenesis. Latent carcinomas are small foci of initated cells unable to express their malignant phenotype because of environmental controls. Latent cells are produced in experimental carcinogenesis and occur in spontaneous tumors as G-O stem cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030782"}
{"pmid": "1030785", "title": "Effects of estrogen on the electrical activity of identified and unidentified hypothalamic units.", "content": "Effects of estrogen on the electrical activity of identified and unidentified hypothalamic units. Experiments performed on unanesthetized ovariectomized female rabbits demonstrated the effects of estradiol benzoate (EB; 20 microng i.v.) on the electrical activity of hypothalamic units which send their axons to the median eminence. Of a total of 1,840 cells recorded in hypothalamic and preoptic areas, 46 (2.5%) were antidromically activated by stimulating the median eminence. Under the present experimental conditions, EB induced a progressive diminution in the mean firing rate of these cells observed throughout the recording period (30-120 min). In addition to cells projecting to the median eminence, neurons which could not be antidromically invaded using our techniques were observed to be sensitive to estrogen. Estrogen administration produced a long-lasting inhibition of antidromically activated cells and a depression of much shorter duration (15-20 min) of unidentified nonstimulated units. These data suggest the existence of two types of hypothalamic neurons sensitive to estrogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030785"}
{"pmid": "1030786", "title": "Neuroendocrine and electroencephalographic sleep changes due to acute amphetamine ingestion in human beings.", "content": "Neuroendocrine and electroencephalographic sleep changes due to acute amphetamine ingestion in human beings. Amphetamine, a clinically used sympathomimetic central-acting drug, was administered in Spansule capsules in a blind schedule to 8 normal obse volunteers in a daily (8 a.m.) single 15 dose for 7 days. The study, conducted in the metabolic ward, included two 7 day placebo periods (pre- and post-drug). During the 1st placebo period, all subjects exhibited within the 1st 2 h of sleep a clear and significant nocturnal increase of growth hormone (GH) closely related with sleep stages 3 and 4. Thyrotropin (TSH) increase was observed between 01.00 to 04.00 h and was accompanied by a reduction of thyroxine (T4) levels. Cortisol levels presented their characteristic rhythm, clearly associated with paradoxical sleep (REM). Amphetamine significantly reduced stages 3 and 4, as well as REM sleep, and increased stage 2. GH and cortisol circadian profiles were preserved, although their magnitude was diminished. The extent of nocturnal TSH and T4 changes was significantly reduced. Drug withdrawal was accompanied by a rebound of REM sleep and a trend to recover the pretreatment TSH and T4 temporal profile. These results suggest that adrenergic neurotrasmitters may be a significant modulating system for TSH and cortisol, whereas GH nocturnal secretion may be influenced by different mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030786"}
{"pmid": "1030789", "title": "Growth hormone and prolactin in the fetus.", "content": "Growth hormone and prolactin in the fetus. Growth hormone is released from pituitary glands maintained in tissue culture as early as 5 weeks after conception. It has been identified in the fetal anterior pituitary gland by immunologic and biologic techniques between 7 and 15 weeks of gestation. Immunoreactive pituitary GH levels increase rapidly between 10 and 14 weeks of gestation to maximal levels at 30-34 weeks. Serum GH levels are detectable by 10-weeks postconception and reach maximal values at 20-24 weeks declining thereafter until term. Pospartum GH concentrations decline over several weeks to lower values, GH levels remaining higher in preterm than in term infants. The biologic role of pituitary GH in the fetus is unknown. Although birth-weights and lengths are reported to be normal in infants with anencephaly, aplasia, or hypoplasia of the pituitary gland and in isolated deficiency of growth hormone, in whom pituitary and serum GH levels are low, careful inspection of large series of such infants reveals that their birthweights may indeed be low and that cell numbers in many organs may be subnormal. In experimental animals prenatal administration of GH increases maternal weight and gestational length. Reported effects on neuronal growth and adult intelligence of animals treated prenatally may reflect these phenomena rather than a direct transplacental effect of GH. Prolactin is also elaborated by the pituitary gland of very young human fetuses. It has been identified immunologically by 10-weeks gestation and biologically at 18 weeks. Pituitary content of immunoreactive prolactin remains low until 16.5-weeks gestation and then increases steadily until term. The plasma concentration of prolactin is low until 30-weeks gestation and increases thereafter until term. In anencephalic fetuses prolactin levels are normal and respond to appropriate stimuli. Very high concentrations of (possibly fetal) prolactin are found in the amniotic fluid. The role of prolactin in the fetus is also unknown. It has been suggested that prolactin may be important for growth of the fetal adrenal cortex and/or for suppression of the immune response during pregnancy. It is apparent that a great deal of additional work is necessary before the importance of either growth hormone of prolactin for normal fetal growth and development will be known.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030789"}
{"pmid": "1030790", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 4. Blood pressure relationships.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 4. Blood pressure relationships. The significance of these and related data will be discussed in greater detail during the subsequent course of this workshop. For now, we can sum up our findings with the following general statements concerning this analysis: 1. Blood pressure elevation occuring alone during the course of pregnancy, in the absence of edema and/or proteinuria, affects perinatal survival adversely. 2. This relationship is most marked among nulliparas in the age range 20-34 years and is less pronounced, but still evident, in young nulliparas and in multiparas of comparable age. 3. The effect is greater among black patients than among white patients in the median-aged nulliparas and multiparas, but this difference is not mirrored in the young nulliparas studied. 4. Blood pressure elevations during weeks 20-28 of pregnancy result in much higher subsequent perinatal losses in white nulliparas (both median and young age groups) than comparable elevations earlier or later in pregnancy. 5. Among black nulliparas of median age, maximal blood pressure effect on outcome is encountered at the sixteenth week (the earliest available data), with continuing significant increases until the twenty-eighth week, and there is another increment at term. In younger black patients, the results from 20 through 28 weeks parallel those seen in white patients, but with an additional peak at term. 6. among multiparas, maximal effect occurs at 24-28 weeks in both black and white groups. 7. The critical blood pressure levels are significantly lower in early pregnancy than in late pregnancy. 8. Critical levels of blood pressure with advancing pregnancy appear to parallel the trend in mean blood pressures determined to exist for this series. 9. Utilizing blood pressure distribution data to set limits statistically, we find very meaningful increments in perinatal mortality rates for nulliparas presenting blood pressure elevations beyond the 95 percentile point. This holds also for diastolic or systolic levels when these are examined independently because neither alone yielded more convincing data than blood pressure combinations condidered together.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030790"}
{"pmid": "1030791", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 6. Proteinuria relationships.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 6. Proteinuria relationships. 1. The blood pressures of pregnant patients with proteinuria seem to be no higher than the levels of blood pressure in patients with no proteinuria. The presence of proteinuria and pregnancy in the absence of blood pressure elevation increases perinatal mortality above the values where blood pressure elevation occurs alone. This relationship is most prominent among nulliparous median-age pregnant patients. Even though the number of patients is small, the highest rates occur in the young white nullipara from the sixteenth to twenty-third week of pregnancy. Attempts to compare black and white median-aged nulliparas are meaningless because of the tremendous variability of data. 2. The findings in all cohorts with proteinuria were essentially the same as those in Cohorts I, II and III. Proteinuria of 2+ or greater occurs more frequently in black than in white gravidas. 3. Our observations indicate that perinatal mortality rates in patients with proteinuria are, for the most part, at least twice the rates of patients without proteinuria. 4. The volume of data available is insufficient to determine whether proteinuria influences prematurity rates or mean birth weights. However, our data suggest that some vascular or renal lesion must be affecting perinatal mortality. 5. The small number of patients in the proteinuria study group does not permit meaningful comparisons with the patient group presenting no edema or proteinuria. 6. Adherence to suitable criteria for discovering and measuring proteinuria is necessary to make the diagnosis of preeclampsia. These criteria include careful collection of urine in the clinic or hospital, utilization of acceptable standard testing methods, and the application of uniform principles of medical practice to the overall care of obstetric patients. 7. The data are presented, not interpreted. However, we cannot discount the value of the present data in suggesting the urgent need to restudy more of the current data available. It also seems desirable to initiate another program to investigate a smaller group of patients made up of the same sequential cohorts where it may be possible and more practical to apply strict supervision of statistical design, patient care, personnel, laboratory testing, data recording, data processing and reporting and statistical analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030791"}
{"pmid": "1030792", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 7. Edema-plus-proteinuria relationships.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 7. Edema-plus-proteinuria relationships. 1. A total of 488 pregnancies had the combination of two-plus or more proteinuria and edema of the hands and face. Of these, 208 were white and 280 were black gravidas. In the white gravidas, 8 fetal and neonatal deaths occurred with a perinatal mortality of 38.5 per 1,000. There were 13 perinatal deaths in the black subgroup with a perinatal mortality rate of 46.4 per 1,000. The overall perinatal mortality rate was 43.0 per 1,000, which could be compared to the overall perinatal mortality rate of 32.8 per 1,000 for the segment of the study population without edema or proteinuria. This underscored the implication of increased hazard to fetal outcome of these clinical signs in combination. 2. The analysis of the matrix data showed scattered rates throughout gestation in white median-age nulliparas. Their black counterparts had comparable increased mortality rates. In the white multiparas of ages 20 to 34 years, the highest rates were found at relatively low blood pressure levels. The black median-age multiparas had rates associated with higher pressure readings, especially at or above 125/75. In teenage mulliparas with edema and proteinuria, perinatal mortality rates were similar for both subgroups and were found in somewhat lower blood pressures. 3. The incremental analysis was remarkable in that rates were scattered widely in the white subgroups, but tightly clustered in the black subgroups. The black median-age nulliparas had perinatal mortality concentrated about 115 to 134 mm. Hg systolic and 65 to 84 mm. Hg diastolic. The overall mortality rates of this subgroup were the highest of the subgroups studied. The black 20 to 34 year old multiparas had highest coassociated deaths in the 134-154 mm. Hg systolic levels throughout pregnancy. The clustering effect was most pronounced in black teenage nulliparas in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure groups at much lower levels. 4. The use of a critical cut-off blood pressure level of 125 mm. Hg systolic and 75 mm. Hg diastolic emphasized the combination factor effect, especially by the increased perinatal mortality rates in the black median-age subgroups of both nulliparas and multiparas. In the white median-age subgroups the rates were not uniformly affected. The teenage nulliparas as a group showed increased mortality rates with lower pressure levels in general. This was seen when the diastolic level was above 75 mm. Hg. 5. Perinatal mortality rates of nulliparas were increased by proteinuria and edema. This increase was great in the case of the 20 to 34 year old black nulliparas, particularly in association with increased blood pressure. Trends are not so apparent for the white median-age nulliparas. Nulliparas of 19 years of age or less have higher perinatal loss with edema and proteinuria, but this is not necessarily augmented with blood pressure elevation. This is notably so in teenage black nulliparas in the early periods of gestation and at term.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030792"}
{"pmid": "1030793", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 8. Evaluation of criteria.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 8. Evaluation of criteria. We have reviewed some of the potential sources of errors in our study data with regard to the criteria used clinically to diagnose toxemia. The constraints imposed are rather clear. Despite these limitations (or perhaps because of them), we are impressed that the trends noted in the foregoing studies reported in this workshop relating to gestational progression and perinatal outcome have been encountered. Because such relationships have been uncovered using relatively coarse study parameters, we are tempted to infer that they are likely to be correct. If indeed such trends were spurious or weak relationships, the indelicate clinical signs at our disposal (in terms of their reliability and reproducibility) should not have been expected to demonstrate them so cogently. At the same time it should be made clear that more subtle correlations may exist, other than those herein shown, which perforce cannot be demonstrated or proved because of the restrictive unreliability of the clinical observations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030793"}
{"pmid": "1030794", "title": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 9. Proposal for classification.", "content": "Blood pressure, edema and proteinuria in pregnancy. 9. Proposal for classification. The frequency distributions of blood pressures in large populations fail to show two groups, one normotensive and the other hypertensive. In the spectrum of pressures, some people merely have higher levels than others and division of abnormal from normal is artificial and arbitrary, although it is useful for prognosis. The blood pressure of 140/90 as the conventional dividing line does not seem to be appropriate in pregnant women. From the standpoint of fetal prognosis, a level of 125/75 before the thirty-second week and 125/85 thereafter seems more reasonable. Moreover, those levels are close to the 120/80 that Robinson and Brucer specified as the upper limit of normal for all adults and are close to the 130/70 and 120/80 that the eminent British authority, F.J. Browne, used successively in the diagnosis of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. If the standard of 125/75 were adopted, however, a quarter of all pregnant women would be hypertensive in the second trimester and half in the last month, which are disturbingly high proportions. For the diagnosis of preeclampsia, a rise in blood pressure probably is more significant than an arbitrary level. The usual blood pressure in midpregnancy merely defines the patient's place in the spectrum. Figure 9-1 indicates that in white nulliparas the diastolic pressure rises an average of 10 mm. Hg in the middle of the third trimester. If the mean and median are close together, greater increases would occur in half of the women. The classification of the American Committee on Maternal Welfare and of the Committee on Terminology of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists specify increases of 30 mm. Hg or more in the systolic or 15 mm. Hg or more in the diastolic pressures as criteria of preeclamptic hypertension. pperhaps the rise in diastolic pressure should be set at some greater value. Our analysis of data made thus far cannot decide that issue. The next phase of the study will include analyses in individual women of the times, magnitudes, persistence or transience, and the like of changes in blood pressure, edema, and proteinuria. Such data will afford much more information than can be derived from the preliminary studies reported here. Although edema of the hands and face may be more common in preeclamptic than in normal women, such edema is so common in normal pregnancy as to suggest that it usually is normal. In our data, edema seems to bear no relation to hypertension or proteinuria. The triad of signs -- hypertension, proteinuria, and edema -- is generally accepted as characteristic, though far from specific for preeclampsia. Our data support Hytten's conclusion that edema should by dropped from the triad. There is some indication, however, that some edema is abnormal and that it is associated with an adverse effect when it coincides with proteinuria late in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030794"}
{"pmid": "1030795", "title": "Humoral control of cell proliferation: the role of fibroblast growth factor in regeneration, angiogenesis, wound healing, and neoplastic growth.", "content": "Humoral control of cell proliferation: the role of fibroblast growth factor in regeneration, angiogenesis, wound healing, and neoplastic growth. The Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) is a mitogenic agent in the brain and pituitary of mammals. Recent investigations of the effect of FGF on diverse cell types has shown that FGF stimulates the division of cells from a wide variety of tissues of mesodermal origin including fibroblasts, chondrocytes, myoblasts, smooth muscle cells, glial cells, normal adrenal cells, and the Y1 adrenal cell line. Cell types of endodermal or ectodermal origin do not appear to be sensitive to FGF. Since FGF can be found in neural tissues and since it induces the proliferation of two cell types involved in the formation of regeneration blastemas (chondrocytes and myoblasts), we have investigated the possibility that FGF could be similar or identical to the neurotrophic factors present in nerve and responsible for the regeneration of limbs in lower vertebrates. Our results have shown that FGF could indeed substitute for the neurotropic factor and replace the nerves in inducing blastema formation and sustaining proliferation of mesenchymal cells which can differentiate into chrondrocytes and myoblasts. Since the blastema has been described as a benign tumor, the role of FGF in the formation of blastemas and benign tumors is currently under investigation. In addition to stimulating fibroblasts, FGF also has a striking growth-promoting effect on primary cultures of vascular endothelial cells. This suggests that FGF could be an angiogenesis factor. Thus, FGF, one of the most potent mitogenic agents found in tissue extracts has two properties expected of an agent which could induce tumors: it can induce blastema formation (direct mitogenic effect) and, through its mitogenic effect on endothelial cells, it could induce formation of capillaries (amplification step), permitting unlimited growth. Repair processes under FGF control will, under normal circumstances, lead to wound healing. In contrast, if cells become transplanted to the wrong environment (hormonal imbalance), growth factors such as FGF could make them proliferate in an anarchic way since negative feedback from surrounding cells will be lacking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030795"}
{"pmid": "1030796", "title": "Immunogenicity of tumor cells modified by trinitrobenzene suflonic acid (TNBS).", "content": "Immunogenicity of tumor cells modified by trinitrobenzene suflonic acid (TNBS). The ability of trinitrophenylated tumor cells to stimulate syngeneic antitumor response has been tested in 3 different tumor-host systems: A. Trinitrophenylated and inactivated Moloney induced YAC tumor cells (YAC-TNP) were able to induce the production of cytotoxic antibodies in low responding A/J mice, while inactivated YAC tumor cells (YAC-In) failed to induce such a response. Furthermore, A mice which were injected with YAC-TNP rejected 103 viable YAC tumor cells at a higher frequency than those injected with YAC-In. B. Trinitrophenylated and inactivated Gross virus induced G-35 tumor cells or Monoloney induced LSTRA cells (both syngeneic in BALB/c mice) were as immunogenic as nonmodified inactivated tumor cells. About 50% of the immunized mice survived indefinitely after injection of 103 viable tumors. Fruthermore, spleen cells from mice primed with either modified or nonomodified G-35 cells responded in vitro to G-35 in a mixed leukocyte tumor interaction and generated specific cell-mediated cytotoxic activity to 51Cr-G-35 syngeneic tumors. However, the donors of the primed cells did not produce detectable cytotoxic antibodies to G-35. C. In vitro sensitization of C57B1 spleen cells by trinitrophenylated Mitomycin C treated syngeneic EL-4 generated a stronger cytotoxic response to EL-4 cells than obtained by sensitization with Mitomycin C treated EL-4 cells alone, The superiority of the sensitizing capacity of trinitrophenylated EL-4 was readily demonstrated in conditions which were suboptimal for nonmodified Mitomycin C treated tumor. Both theoretical and practical implications of these results are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030796"}
{"pmid": "1030797", "title": "Measurement of lateral transport on cell surfaces.", "content": "Measurement of lateral transport on cell surfaces. This paper describes the principles and recent applications of two new methods for measuring rates of macroscopic lateral transport of fluorescent-labeled particles on the surface of individual cells. Both methods are based on microfluorimetric measurements of fluorescence intensity from a small open region (greater than or equal to 1 micronm radius) on the cell surface. Transport rates are measured from the rates at which the measured fluorescence intensity changes due to entrance or departure of fluorophores from the region. One method, \"Fluorescence Photobleach Recovery\" (FPR), uses a brief intense pulse of light to create an initial concentration gradient over the spot by irreversible photochemical destruction of fluorophores. The rate of fluorescence recovery due to transport of unbleached fluorophores into the observation region is the primary experimental datum. The other method, \"Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy\" (FCS), is based on a statistical analysis of spontaneous fluctuations of numbers of fluorophores in the observation region and does not require a perturbation to generate an initial concentration gradient. FCS is mainly useful to measure relatively fast processes (D greater than or equal to 10(-9) cm 2/sec) in stable systems; FPR can be used to measure both slow and fast transport in less stable systems. Using both FCS and FPR, the diffusion coefficient of a fluorescent lipid probe in rat myoblast plasma membranes was measured to be D = (9 +/- 4) X 10(-9) cm2/sec over a range of at least 4 micronm. FPR was used to measure the lateral mobility of the fluorescent labeled lectin concanavalin A complexed to myoblast plasma membrane \"receptors.\" A fraction of the complexes were immobile on the time scale of the experiment (D less than 8 x 10(-12) cm2/sec). The remainder of the complexes had effective diffusion coefficients far smaller than expected from the measurements on the lipid probe (8 x 10(-12) less than or equal to D less than or equal to 3.3 x 10(-11) cm2/sec). Moreover the mobility depended on the valence, dose, and time of occupancy of the lectin on the membrane, suggesting that an aggregation of complexes was occurring during the experiment. Cytochalasin B decreased the mobility of complexes, suggesting an influence of microfilaments on the transport process. Neither azide nor colchine affected measured transport rates. These results indicate the operation of constraints on the mobility of the lectin-receptor complexes beyond that exerted by the viscous resistance of the lipid bilayer membrane matrix. The two types of interactions revealed by our current experiments - interactions of the complexes with microfilaments and with each other (aggregation) - seem insufficient to account entirely for the low observed mobility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030797"}
{"pmid": "1030798", "title": "Direct observation of membrane movement by electron microscopy.", "content": "Direct observation of membrane movement by electron microscopy. Motions of wet lipid bilayer membranes and plasma membranes of human erythrocytes were observed directly in an electron microscope, using the techniques of selective area diffraction, diffraction contrast imaging and electron opaque markers. The motions are measured as functions of temperature. At the liquidus state of the membrane, the lateral diffusion coefficient is deduced from the Brownian motion of the labeling particles. The coefficient is measured to be 1.1 x 10(-10) cm2/sec. for a bilayer of an equimolar mixture of cholesterol and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine at 20 degrees C. The value for human erythrocyte membrane at 37 degrees C is similar. At the temperature where phase separation occurs, motion is detected as the solidus domains floating on a liquidus medium. Below the transition temperature, the solidus domains move relative to one another along the domain boundaries, the drift velocity being 3 x 10(-6) cm/sec. for the above mentioned bilayer, at 4 degrees C. Together with specific labeling technique, the electron optical method may be used to study the movement of specific sites relative to the membrane, on a scale beyond the resolving power of light microscopy. The use of scanning electron microscopy is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030798"}
{"pmid": "1030801", "title": "The role of drug delivery systems in cancer chemotherapy.", "content": "The role of drug delivery systems in cancer chemotherapy. One approach to effective cancer chemotherapy is to maximize the exposure of tumor cells to cytotoxic drugs while minimizing the exposure of sensitive normal cells to such agents. This implies the need for control of the pharmacodynamics of anti-tumor drugs in terms of blood clearance kinetics, disposition in tissues, passage across membrane barriers, and interaction with metabolic pathways. A promising approach to pharmacodynamic control is the microencapsulation of drugs within liposomes. The clearance kinetics and tissue disposition of the drug is then dictated by the pharmacokinetic behavior of the liposomal carrier. The blood clearance rates and tissue uptake of liposomes themselves depend upon physical characteristics such as particle size and surface charge. It is also possible to promote specific interaction between cells and liposomes in vitro by preparing liposomes containing biological macromolecules such as lectin receptors. The potentialities of microencapsulation as an adjunct to chemotherapy are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030801"}
{"pmid": "1030799", "title": "Crosslinking of lectins and receptors in membranes with hetero-bifunctional crosslinking reagents.", "content": "Crosslinking of lectins and receptors in membranes with hetero-bifunctional crosslinking reagents. 125I-Con A was reacted with the imidoester group of methyl 4-azidobenzoimidate and isolated from excess reagents on a Sephadex G-25 column. The hetero-bifunctional crosslinking reagent has two dissimilar functional groups, imidoester and arylazide, instead of two identical functional groups found in conventional homo-bifunctional crosslinking reagents. The two functional groups react under different conditions and it is possible to react one first and to activate the other later. Here the reagents were attached to the lectins by the imidoester reactions, and the arylazides now attached to the lectins were intended for the later use to crosslink the lectins and receptors. Human erythrocyte ghosts were incubated with the activated lectins, unbound lectins removed, and irradiated with UV to photolyze arylazides, thus crosslinking the lectins to the receptors in membranes. Upon the solubilization and subsequent electrophoresis of the sample, a new band appeared on the gel. 125I-Con A was detected in band A, the new band, and band 3, one of the membrane glycoproteins, diminished in parallel to the appearance of band A. The concurrent appearance of band A accompanied by 125I-Con A and decrease of band 3 were significantly reduced, when ghosts were incubated with the activated lectins but were not irradiated, ghosts were incubated with nonactivated 125I-Con A and irradiated, or ghosts were incubated with the activated concanavalin A in the presence of alpha-methylmannoside, the lectin inhibitor, and irradiated. The inhibitor removed a significant amount of the activated lectins bound to membranes, but failed to do so the activated lectins crosslinked into band A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030799"}
{"pmid": "1030800", "title": "Identification of a high molecular weight trans-membrane protein in mouse L cells.", "content": "Identification of a high molecular weight trans-membrane protein in mouse L cells. We have developed a new method for identifying proteins which span the plasma membrane (\"trans-membrane\" proteins) of mammalian cells grown in tissue culture. The method involves labeling proteins exposed on the cell surface with 125I by the lactoperoxidase technique and then preparing sealed, \"inside-out\" membrane vesicles (phagosomes) from the labeled cells using the polystyrene latex bead procedure. These inside-out vesicles are then treated briefly with trypsin and analyzed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the presence of 125I-labeled protein species which were degraded by proteolytic attack. Such proteins must be exposed on both the outer and inner membrane surfaces and, therefore, they must pass through the lipid barrier. This method is a general one in the sense that it is suitable for use with a wide variety of cell types, and here we show how it has been employed to prove that a particular high molecular weight polypeptide, called band 1, spans the plasma membrane of mouse L cells. Further studies of the band 1 polypeptide have demonstrated that it is preferentially exposed on the L cell surface during G1 phase of the cell cycle. Progression of cells from G1 to S is accompanied by a marked decrease in the availability of band 1 to iodination and it remains unavailable until cells re-enter G1. It is suggested that the band 1 polypeptide may be functionally involved in the regulation of cell proliferation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030800"}
{"pmid": "1030802", "title": "Biochemical analysis of cell adhesion to a substratum and its possible relevance to cell metastasis.", "content": "Biochemical analysis of cell adhesion to a substratum and its possible relevance to cell metastasis. The evidence is reviewed that two types of cell attachment occur, depending upon the presence or absence of serum in the medium. In the absence of serum, attachment has many characteristics of a nonphysiological process. In the presence of serum, attachment occurs as a series of steps: adsorption of serum components onto the substratum, contact between the cell and substratum, initial attachment, and progressive attachments leading to cell spreading. Although there is a close interdependence of these events, they could be experimentally distinguished. Studies are reported indicating that cell spreading requires the adsorption of a specific serum glycoprotein onto the substratum surface. The relationship between cell adhesiveness and the altered behavior of malignant cells is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030802"}
{"pmid": "1030803", "title": "Isolation and preliminary characterization of that part of the plasma membrane which is apposed to the substratum.", "content": "Isolation and preliminary characterization of that part of the plasma membrane which is apposed to the substratum. We have developed a membrane isolation technique which allows us to isolate that part of the plasma membrane which is apposed to the solid substratum (LPM) to which cells in vitro attach free of the remainder of the plasma membrane (UPM). Our evidence suggests that the UPM is essentially free of contaminating cellular organelles while the LPM may be somewhat contaminated with endoplasmic reticulum fixed to it during the isolation procedure. Characterization of the peptides of the UPM and LPM suggests that some membrane components are nonrandomly distributed to one or the other membrane fraction while the bulk of the membrane peptides appear to be present in both membrane fractions; Membrane components labeled with 3H-fucose or 3H-glucosamine show a 3--5-fold higher specific activity in the LPM than in the UPM. A number of iodineateable surface components, in particular the LETS protein, show a preferential localization to the LPM. The development of this membrane isolation procedure should allow us to begin investigating the molecular basis of differences in cell-substratum adhesion and cell motility, two functions assigned operationally to the LPM.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030803"}
{"pmid": "1030804", "title": "Patching, microvilli, and the agglutination of normal and transformed cells.", "content": "Patching, microvilli, and the agglutination of normal and transformed cells. Transmission and scanning electron microscopy were used to study possible structural correlates in the process of agglutination of several types of normal and transformed cells by Concanavalin A. In parallel studies we found that post-confluence inhibition of cell division and agglutiniability of cells by Concanavalin A were not correlated with patching of surface bound lectin molecules as determined with a hemocyanin marker. Transformed cells growing in monolayer cultures were found to have many more microvilli than the corresponding normal cells. However, when cells were brought into suspension with EDTA, all cells developed numerous microvilli and we were not able to distinguish between agglutinable and nonagglutinable cells on the basis of morphological appearance. Cells agglutinated by Concanavalin A had numerous interdigitated microvilli at points of cell-cell contact. The appearance of spontaneously agglutinated cells and lectin agglutinated cells was very similar with respect to the involvement of microvilli in cell-cell attachments, and labeling studies with hemocyanin indicated that Concanavalin A bound to microvilli is rapidly cleared from these surface specializations in a manner analogous to that observed with patching of surface bound lectin. Several lines of SV-40 transformed fibroblasts were shown to be considerably more spontaneously agglutinable than untransformed cells. These results indicate that Concanavalin A may amplify an intrinsic membrane property common to many transformed cells that is expressed as an increase in the rate of adhesion of suspended cells. It is proposed that the membrane change detected by the agglutination reaction may also be involved in the loss of post-confluence inhibition of cell division and growth of transformed cells in semisolid media, due to a surface interaction that allows transformed cells to use each other as growth substrata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030804"}
{"pmid": "1030805", "title": "Therapeutic relationships between DNA synthesis and repair, membrane differentiation, and organ-specific immunotherapy in neuroblastoma.", "content": "Therapeutic relationships between DNA synthesis and repair, membrane differentiation, and organ-specific immunotherapy in neuroblastoma. The mouse neuroblastoma cell system (MNB) is of interest to both neurobiologists and cancer researchers because of its capacity to differentiate, with the consequent loss of some properties classically associated with malignancy. The effects of chemotherapeutic agents on MNB cells are variable; in general, cell cycle-specific agents will frequently induce differentiation, leaving viable surviving cells, while cell cycle nonspecific agents are toxic to both dividing and nondividing MNB cells. X-rays appear intermediate in that they are toxic to both cell populations, but survivors tend to resemble cells treated with cell cycle-specific drugs. Differentiated MNB cells apparently lose their capacity to repair some forms of DNA damage and this loss may be associated with their sensitivity to DNA damaging compounds. MNB cells are also susceptible to immunological lysis, particularly antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Integration of these diverse modes of MNB cell killing is of great interest because of the close resemblance of this murine tumor to human cancers in which cell differentiation is also partially membrane-mediated an indepth study of MNB cell surface receptors may have general relevance in the theoretical approach to cancer treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030805"}
{"pmid": "1030806", "title": "Independent control of the expression of several membrane-associated antigens of murine leukemia cells: metabolism and response to specific antiserum.", "content": "Independent control of the expression of several membrane-associated antigens of murine leukemia cells: metabolism and response to specific antiserum. The effect of specific antisera on the metabolic rates of thymus-leukemia (TL), H-2a, and tumor-associated antigens of ASL-1 and RADA-1 cells, two murine leukemia cell lines, were determined. The metabolic half-life of each antigen was distinct from the others examined. The half-life of TL antigens was 18 hr; in cells exposed to TL antiserum, it changed to 9 hr. In RADA-1 cells, the half-life of TL antigens was 16 hr; in the presence of TL antiserum it became 4 hr. The half-lives of H-2a antigens and the tumor-associated antigen were unaffected by specific antiserum. Somatic hybrids of ASL-1 or RADA-1 cells were formed with LM(TK)-cells, a thymidine kinase deficient mutant of mouse L cells. Hybrid cells formed TL antigens, but unlike their parental cells their half-life of expression, approximately 30 hr, was unaffected by TL antiserum. Hybrid cells failed to undergo antigenic modulation under conditions more stringent than required to stimulate the modulation of ASL-1 or RADA-1 cells. The hybrids formed the tumor-associated antigen of their murine leukemia parental cells; however, the metabolic rate of the tumor antigen in hybrid cells was defferent than the metabolic rate of the analogous antigen in parental cells. Hybrid cells formed H-2 antigens of both parental sources, and possessed a hybrid karyotype. The half-life of H-2 antigens, approximately 26 hr, was the same both in parental and hybrid cells. H-2a antiserum had no detectable effect upon the metabolism of TL antigens in hybrid or parental cells; nor did TL antiserum have an effect upon the metabolism of H-2a antigens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030806"}
{"pmid": "1030814", "title": "Production of hypercalcemia in the chick embryo by an extract of Solanum malacoxylon.", "content": "Production of hypercalcemia in the chick embryo by an extract of Solanum malacoxylon. White Leghorn eggs were injected on the 15th day of incubation with various doses of an acqueous extract of Solanum malacoxylon (SME). Most of the embryos died after the injection of 0.2 ml but the dose of 0.1 ml was well tolerated. The concentration of calcium in the sera from 15-day embryos injected with 0.1 ml SME was determined. Three hr after the injection the concentration of calcium had increased significantly; this increase lasted for at least 3 hr more but had disappeared 12 hr after the injection. It is suggested that this hypercalcemia may be produced by a water-soluble analog of 1,25-(OH)2D3 the presence of which has been demonstrated in the SME by other authors. It is also assumed that the mortality produced by the higher doses may be related to the hypercalcemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030814"}
{"pmid": "1030817", "title": "Subclinical trichostrongylosis in growing lambs produced by continuous larval dosing. The effect on performance and certain plasma constituents.", "content": "Subclinical trichostrongylosis in growing lambs produced by continuous larval dosing. The effect on performance and certain plasma constituents. Three groups of eight-four-month-old worm-free lambs were used to investigate the effect of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infection on growth rate, food intake, and concentration of plasma constituents. Groups ALC and ALI were fed ad libitum, the latter being dosed daily with 2500 infective larvae for 14 weeks. Lambs in group PF were paired to individuals in group ALI and offered the same quantity of food as the infected pair consumed. Hypophosphataemia and hypoalbuminaemia developed in ALI at week 3 and hyperglobulinaemia was present from week 6. There was no significant difference in plasma calcium, protein, urea or glucose concentration between the three groups at any stage. No clinical signs of parasitism were seen in seven of eight ALI lambs and egg counts were generally less than 2000 epg. Worm burdens of 1500-82,900 were found at slaughter. Group weight gain was only 50 per cent of PF lambs which received the same digestible energy intake. Group ALI consumed 15-5 kg dry matter per kg gain in bodyweight compared with 8-6 kg/kg and 9-8 kg/kg for ALC and PF respectively. The infections resulted in extensive villous atrophy and flattening of the intestinal mucosa. Bone growth was arrested and osteoporosis present in five group ALI lambs. The possible use of plasma constituents, particularly phosphorus, as aids for the diagnosis of the early stages of trichostrongylosis in the field is assessed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030817"}
{"pmid": "1030818", "title": "The effects of bumetanide on renal function and blood composition in sheep.", "content": "The effects of bumetanide on renal function and blood composition in sheep. Respones to bumetanide were studied in five ewes. During ADH infusion urine flow increased from less than 1-0 to approximately 11-5 cm3 min-1 within 30 min of intravenous injection of 0-02 mg kg-1 bumetanide and returned to approximately 2-0 cm3 min-1 within 3 h of dosing. The diuresis was accompanied by large increases in sodium and chloride excretion and smaller increases in potassium and free hydrogen ion excretion. Bicarbonate excretion and TCH20 were reduced. Plasma potassium and chloride concentrations decreased slightly while arterial bicarbonate pH and pCO2 slightly increased. A transient increase in GFR and RPF was followed by a small reduction in GFR. No change in CH20 was observed after bumetanide injection during water diuresis. Increasing the dose of bumetanide over the range 0-002 to 0-20 mg kg-1 resulted in more pronounced and prolonged responses. The results show that bumetanide is a potent diuretic in sheep with its main site of action on the ascending limb of Henle's loop.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030818"}
{"pmid": "1030824", "title": "Preliminary observations on the use of the capillary flocculation test for the diagnosis of heartwater (Cowdria ruminantium infection).", "content": "Preliminary observations on the use of the capillary flocculation test for the diagnosis of heartwater (Cowdria ruminantium infection). A capillary flocculation test was developed to diagnose heartwater disease of ruminants. Antigen was prepared from the brains of cattle and goats highly infected with Cowdria ruminantium. Sera were obtained from experimentally infected ruminants which either recovered naturally or with the aid of oxytetracycline treatment. Antibodies were first detected one to two weeks after clinical recovery or after treatment, and persisted for periods varying between one and four weeks. Control sera collected from cattle (sheep) and goats in the Netherlands where heartwater does not occur, or from animals serologically positive for Anaplasma marginale or Eperythrozoon ovis infections, did not react to the test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030824"}
{"pmid": "1030822", "title": "The isolation of ovine lymphocytes and granulocytes from whole blood using hydroxyethylcellulose.", "content": "The isolation of ovine lymphocytes and granulocytes from whole blood using hydroxyethylcellulose. Sheep erythrocytes do not aggregate spontaneously but will sediment when mixed with a solution of hydroxyethylcellulose. The resulting leucocyte-rich supernatant can be used in the preparation of purified lymphocyte and granulocyte suspensions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030822"}
{"pmid": "1030821", "title": "Histological development of the small intestinal mucosa in the ovine fetus.", "content": "Histological development of the small intestinal mucosa in the ovine fetus. Histological changes in the small intestine of 85 ovine fetuses were studied, with particular reference to the mucosa. In 24-day-old fetuses the endoderm of the intestine consisted of a single layer of epithelium. By the 26th day the epithelium was flattened and stratified. The first evidence of rudimentary villus formation was noted in 39-day-old fetuses. Intestinal glands were first observed at 56 days. Other mucosal structures were present by 101 days. At birth the intestinal mucosa was fully mature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030821"}
{"pmid": "1030820", "title": "Pharmacokinetic interpretation of erythromycin and tylosin activity in serum after intravenous administration of a single dose to cows.", "content": "Pharmacokinetic interpretation of erythromycin and tylosin activity in serum after intravenous administration of a single dose to cows. The distribution and elimination kinetics of erythromycin and tylosin, which are macrolide antibiotics, were studied in healthy cows. A single dose (12-5 mg/kg) of drug was administered as an intravenous bolus, and blood samples were collected at precisely timed intervals. The standard cylinder plate bioassay method using Sarcina lutea as test organism was employed to determine antibiotic activity in the serum. The results suggested that these drugs are distributed in at least two kinetically distinct body compartments. By use of established mathematical techniques, values were assigned to the individual rate constants controlling distribution between the central and peripheral compartments and to the rate constant  controlling overall elimination (beta) of each drug from the body. The calculated overall tissue to serum drug level ratios (k12/k21) after apparent distribution equilibrium was attained were 2-28 and 2-05 for erythromycin and tylosin, respectively. The half-life (mean+/-SD) of erythromycin was 3-16 h+/-0-44, while that of tylosin was 1-62 h+/-0-17. The total body clearance (ml/kg/min) values were 2-88+/-0-47 for erythromycin and 7-8+/-2-95 for tylosin. Analogue computer simulated curves of the antibiotic levels in the central and tissue compartments as wel as an elimination curve were generated. The tissue level of erythromycin reached a peak of 43 per cent of the dose at 67 min. At 6 h, the percentages of the dose of erythromycin in the central and tissue compartments and eliminated were 6, 19 and 75, respectively. The peak level of tylosin in the tissue compartment (26-5 per cent of the dose) was present at 30 min. At 4 h, 1 and 5 per cent of the dose were contained in the central and peripheral compartments, respectively, while 94 per cent had been eliminated. This single dose study provides information which is essential for the design of a satisfactory dosage regimen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030820"}
{"pmid": "1030819", "title": "The qualitative assessment of glycosaminoglycans in the canine intervertebral disc using a critical electrolyte concentration staining technique.", "content": "The qualitative assessment of glycosaminoglycans in the canine intervertebral disc using a critical electrolyte concentration staining technique. Through the use of a critical electrolyte concentration staining technique, the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the nucleus pulposus region of the canine intervertebral disc were arbitrarily identified as \"hyaluronic acid\", chondroitin sulphate and keratan sulphate. Approximate estimates of GAG concentration could be qualitatively deduced by determining the appropriate GAG \"ALCIANOPHILIC INDEX\". This index was considered to be an effective qualitative adjunct to chemical quantitation of GAGs in the intervertebral disc.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030819"}
{"pmid": "1030823", "title": "Swine dysentery: protection of pigs by oral and parenteral immunisation with attenuated Treponema hyodysenteriae.", "content": "Swine dysentery: protection of pigs by oral and parenteral immunisation with attenuated Treponema hyodysenteriae. An attenuated strain of Treponema hyodysenteriae was used to immunise 18 pigs in three experiments. Live attenuated spirochaetes were dosed orally and injected intra-peritoneally, and killed spirochaetes were injected intramuscularly with adjuvant. The vaccinated pigs, which developed high serum agglutination titres against T hyodysenteriae, and 18 unvaccinated litter-mates were repeatedly challenged with virulent T hyodysenteriae. Nine vaccinated pigs and 16 control pigs developed typical swine dysentery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030823"}
{"pmid": "1030830", "title": "Electrophoretic variants of alkaline phosphatase in normal human populations.", "content": "Electrophoretic variants of alkaline phosphatase in normal human populations. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of sera obtained from normal individuals shows an incidence (33%) of double and triple bands of alkaline phosphatase in the beta-lipoprotein zone in addition to the usual ones near beta-globulin. The correlation between the occurrence of a slow moving band in addition to the normal one, of different intensities, p+ and p++ with O and B groups has been further confirmed. No relationship was observed between the width or the number of bands with the total amount of alkaline prosphatase as determined biochemically.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030830"}
{"pmid": "1030832", "title": "Modifications in some rat liver cell components following stimulation with isoprenaline (a cytospectrophotometric, microrefractometric and cytoelectrophoretic study).", "content": "Modifications in some rat liver cell components following stimulation with isoprenaline (a cytospectrophotometric, microrefractometric and cytoelectrophoretic study). The liver cell is a quite interesting model for the study of several cytophysiological problems. Proper suspensions of isolated liver cells can be obtained which can be conveniently studied by means of quantitative microtechniques. Several cytochemical and cytophysical techniques (cytospectrophotometry, microrefractometry, and cytoelectrophoresis) were employed for elucidating the effects on the stimulation of the liver cell with high doses of isoprenaline, an amine which is known to produce hypertrophy and hyperplasia in various organs with effects also at the genetic and metabolic level. The following data were collected during the postnatal development of rats up to the 70th day of life: 1) DNA content per nucleus; 2) total dry mass per cell; 3) cellular electrophoretic mobility in connection with the sialomucinic component of the membrane. The process of polyploidization of the liver cell (typical of this life period) was generally accelerated; in this connection, an early appearance of binucleate cells and subsequent significative variations in their incidence were observed. This fact is important as the binucleate cells should represent an alternative intermediate step in the polyploidization phenomenon. At the same time, marked, although transient, signs of cellular hypertrophy were detected during a rearrangement of the hepatocyte dry mass, where the values tended to a multimodal distribution; in particular, IPR appeared to favor the disappearance of cells with a lower mass to the advantage of those with an intermediate mass. The study of electrophoretic mobility evidenced the role of the sialomucinic component of the membrane in the changes occuring in the parenchyma: indeed, this component exhibited an increase, thus causing an acceleration of the mobility similar to the one observed in actively proliferating cell populations. Such change persists even long after the IPR stimulus has ended and, at any rate, beyond the immediate phase of DNA synthesis and the appearance of binucleate cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030832"}
{"pmid": "1030833", "title": "Prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in Indonesia: a review.", "content": "Prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in Indonesia: a review. The prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in Indonesia is given, with the emphasis on the current data. An extensive investigation was started in 1971. Control measures became desirable because of development schemes in and around the endemic areas, thus increasing the possibility of the spread of the infection. This investigation consisted of: a study of prevalence, distribution, and intensity of the infection in man and animals; clinical studies, treatment and follow-up; and epidemiological studies. A comparison was made between the results of different workers. In addition to the only known endemic area at Lake Lindu, another endemic area was discovered recently at Napu Valley, situated 50 km southeast of Lake Lindu at an altitude of 1200 meters. Surveys in other areas gave negative results. Nine species of wild and domestic animals were found positive. The intermediate host was discovered in 1971 and described as Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis. This snail is widely distributed in the endemic areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030833"}
{"pmid": "1030834", "title": "Schistosomiasis in Cambodia: a review.", "content": "Schistosomiasis in Cambodia: a review. Human schistosomiasis has been known in Cambodia only since 1968. In 1968-1970, many cases were detected in the provincial capital of Kratié. Infection seemed to be confined to the ethnic Vietnamese fishermen who inhabited raft houses (= floating villages) on the Mekong River at Kratié. Overall prevalence in fishermen of all ages was between 7 and 10%. In the children of fishermen between the ages of 1 to 14, the prevalence was between 14 and 22%. Transmission was apparently limited to floating houses stationed more or less permanently near shore and connected to each other in a chain. It is believed that transmission occurred only in the areas of still water which were created between raft and shore. The principal focus of schistosomiasis in Cambodia appears to be Kratié. Only a few cases have been detected elsewhere in the country. The parasite is undoubtedly identical with the Schistosoma reported from humans and dogs at Khong Island, Laos. However, the transmitting snail in Laos, Lithoglyphopsis aperta, has thus far not been reported from the Mekong River in Cambodia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030834"}
{"pmid": "1030836", "title": "Some aspects on the ecology and biology of Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis.", "content": "Some aspects on the ecology and biology of Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis. Schistosomiasis is known to be endemic in the lake Lindu area since 1937 (Brug & Tesch, 1937). Investigations carried out later between 1940 and 1942 (Bone et al., 1942) failed to find molluscan intermediate host. It was not until April 1971 that the first specimen of Oncomelania was found (Carney et al., 1972). In August of the same year the first focus was discovered at Paku (Hadidjaja et al., 1974). Further investigations revealed 50 more foci in the lowlands surrounding the lake. A survey of the habitat in the Napu Valley revealed 15 more Oncomelania colonies (Crney et al., in prep.). The morphology studied by Davis and Carney (1973) showed that this snail has a close resemblence to O. h. chiui and O. h. quadrasi. It was given the subspecies name Oncomelania  hupensis lindoensis. Snail cultures maintained according to Davis' method (1971) were done in the laboratory of the Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia. Diatoms and algae were given as food. Biology of the snails concerning the temperature, hymidity, mortality rate of the snail or survival rate and also the living and egg laying habits of the snails were described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030836"}
{"pmid": "1030835", "title": "Preliminary observations on the biology of the Indonesian strain of Schistosoma japonicum: animals and oncomelanid snails.", "content": "Preliminary observations on the biology of the Indonesian strain of Schistosoma japonicum: animals and oncomelanid snails. Laboratory animals and subspecies of Oncomelania hupensis were exposed to experimental infections with a strain of Schistosoma japonicum from the Lindu Valley, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. All laboratory animals given 50 cercariae were suspecptible to infection with the greatest number of worms being found in mice followed by Wistar rats, Long Evans rats, Mongolian gerbils, wild rats, hamsters and guinea pigs. Rabbits and the Taiwan monkeys given larger numbers of cercariae were also susceptible to infections. Adult worms were found to reach the largest size in the rabbit and Taiwan monkeys but many worms from rats were immature. Eggs from the Taiwan monkey were larger than those from a dog and from mice. Six subspecies or geographic strains of Oncomelania hupensis were exposed to 3 to 5 miracidia of the Indonesia strain of Schistosoma japonicum and only Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis and Oncomelania upensis chiui from Taiwan were susceptibile and produced cercariae while Oncomelania hupesis formosana from Changhua, Ilan and Kaohsium countries of Taiwan as well as Oncomalania hupensis quadrasi from the Philippines were considered refractory to infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030835"}
{"pmid": "1030837", "title": "Control of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Lindu Valley, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia.", "content": "Control of Schistosoma japonicum infection in Lindu Valley, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In Indonesia, schistosomiasis is presently confined to two endemic areas in Central Sulawesi; Lindu (1,500) and Napu (5,000 inhabitants) valleys. Because of various development schemes now underway, it is feared that the natural balance which existed for many years between the parasite, the snail intermediate hosts and man, will be upset and will place some 70,000 people of the adjoining Palu and Palolo areas at risk. Measures are being taken to control and prevent the spread of the disease. A pilot control programme is planned for two years in the village of Anca in Lindu with a population of 391 and a prevalence rate of 70.5%. Langko village with a population of 464 and a prevalence rate of 53.7% will be utilized as the comparison area. Baseline data on human, malacological and animal reservoir hosts are being collected and control operations are anticipated to commence in July 1975. Measures to be applied to control schistosomiasis in the order of priorities are: (a) agro-engineering or modification of the environment; (b) environmental sanitation through the provision of adequate water supply and construction of latrines; (c) mollusciciding of remaining snail infested areas; (d) chemotherapy, and (e) health education campaign. At the end of the two-year control programme, the following activities will be carried out to determine the degree of intervention achieved; (a) human data: calculation of prevalence rates, incidence rates, and changes in the intensity of infection based on quantitative egg counts; (b) malacological data: changes in the number and extent of snail foci; snail density, and snail infection rates; (c) reservoir hosts: changes in the prevalence rates among domestic and wild animals. Calculation of reclaimed areas and increase in agricultural production will also be assessed together with the overall cost/benefit analysis of the project undertaking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030837"}
{"pmid": "1030838", "title": "Agro-engineering and sanitation improvement in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines: a review.", "content": "Agro-engineering and sanitation improvement in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in the Philippines: a review. Measures that would change the habitat of the snails were found to prevent its breeding. Among these are clearing and drainage of waterlogged areas; filling of depressions where filling materials are available; ponding of areas which cannot be drained, and improved rice culture. The degree of success in snail control depends to a large extent on the amount of change brought about in the habitat. The more radical the change, the greater the reduction in snail density. It can be expected that improvement in sanitation in the form of toilet construction and use, provision of safe water supply, building of footbridges and the control of stray animals will bring a further decline in the transmission of the disease. Studies have shown that perfect sanitation in the form of toilet construction and use will reduce transmission by about 75%, the other 25% being contributed by lower mammals. Agro-engineering control measures are presently being carried out intensively in 7 town of Leyte, with food assistance from the UN/FAO World Food Program being given to volunteer workers as incentives for them to work. Snail evaluation after 2 years has shown a snail reduction by 72% in the areas covered. It may be mentioned here that sanitation improvement, especially latrine construction, is an ongoing program of the Department of Health in all rural areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030838"}
{"pmid": "1030839", "title": "A coxsackievirus type A24 epidemic conjunctivitis in Brunei.", "content": "A coxsackievirus type A24 epidemic conjunctivitis in Brunei. The paper reports on a coxsackievirus type A24 epidemic of acute conjunctivitis in Brunei. The role of the Singapore Epidemic Conjunctivitis 1970 (coxsackievirus type A24) virus in the new disease syndrome variously known as the \"Epidemic Haemorrhagic Conjunctivitis\", \"Picornavirus Epidemic Conjunctivitis\" and \"Acute Haemorrhagic Conjunctivitis\" is again established.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030839"}
{"pmid": "1030840", "title": "A comparison of the efficiency of the Nuclepore and Millipore filtration systems for detecting microfilariae.", "content": "A comparison of the efficiency of the Nuclepore and Millipore filtration systems for detecting microfilariae. Using Brugia pahangi or Dirofilaria immitis as the test organisms no significant difference could be detected between Nuclepore and Millipore filters. It was found that 0.7% of microfilariae passed through the Millipore and 1% through the Nuclepore filters. No microfilariae were lost from the Nuclepore membrane during the staining process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030840"}
{"pmid": "1030825", "title": "Autorhythmometry: leads from single-sample medical check-ups toward a health science of time series.", "content": "Autorhythmometry: leads from single-sample medical check-ups toward a health science of time series. Starting from the definition of health as given by the WHO, the authors emphasize that rhythms of biological variables should be taken into account if one is to arrive at a positive and individual definition of the concept of health. The evaluation of a single datum spot check of physiological functions does not permit to quantify health in dynamic terms whereas this may become possible when the rhythmic quality of these variables, according to a spectrum of characteristic frequencies, has been assessed. Rhythmometry provides for appropriate reference standards as regards both the population in general and the physical conditions of the same subject during certain spans in the (prospective) life history (spans selected according to consideration of risk and hence cost and benefit at a given age). The authors therefore stress the importance of rhythmometry, thanks to which the time course and other peculiarities of any biological phenomenon can be evaluated by obtaining serial measurements, objectively quantifying their characteristic features, and working out special models with the aid of computers. Of special interest, particularly for the evaluation of reference standards, is autorhythmometry (AR), to be used at least for certain variables. This is the method by which each subject studies himself, performing a certain number of measurements in the course of the day (or month or year) of his body temperature, blood pressure, cardiac rhythm, grip strength, etc. In AR, the subject takes an active part in the study of his condition of health and it has been shown that in the majority of cases these measurements are done with the utmost accuracy and precision, providing that the purpose of the operations to be performed has been adequately explained. The wide spread use of AR, during more or less extended periods in a lifetime, would permit the assessment of the normal situation for each individual and thus offer the possibility of diagnosing any disorder at its very beginning; it would thus be of great prophylactic value. The authors refer to the example of arterial blood pressure; widely different values for the normal levels can be found in the texts of different authors. They also show that a certain presure may be normal for a given subject at a certain time of day and be a sign of illness for another subject, or even for the same subject at a different ime. The authors suggest the introduction of AR in the curriculum of secondary schools and into the routine for outpatients and inpatients. This practice would increase the availability of information on public health at a lower cost. AR may be very usefully applied to chronotherapy: it is a well-known fact that there are rhythms of sensitivity and therefore rhythms of toxic as well as therapeutic effects for various drugs. These can be dove-tailed in such a way as to work out, for individual cases, a time for administration at which the therapeutic effect is at its maximum and the toxic one at its minimum...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030825"}
{"pmid": "1030826", "title": "Cord blood cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein electrophoresis in 124 Italian infants.", "content": "Cord blood cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein electrophoresis in 124 Italian infants. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and lipoproteins (by electrophoresis on agarose gel) were determined in the cord blood of 124 Italian infants (Verona area). The mean TC and TG values, when compared with the values reported in other studies, turned out to be remarkably uniform, suggesting common genetic determinants in the modulation of blood lipids; no sex differences were  observed. The TG distribution curve was skewed, overlapping the adult pattern. Cord blood TC and TG were not modified by the presence of perinatal factors. Both beta and alpha bands (on agarose gel electrophoresis) were present in  all the cases. The pre-beta band was clearly detectable in 90% of the cases; it was barely visible for TG values below 20 mg/100 ml; occasionally a discrepancy between the intensity of the pre-beta band and the cord blood TG was observed, indicating a variable lipid composition of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL). In 4% of the cases a small band at the origin of the electrophoretic run was observed, consistent with the presence of chylomicrons. In the serum of both a newborn infant and its mother we detected a double band migrating in the pre-beta region. This finding confirms the hypothesis of a familial transmission of this abnormality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030826"}
{"pmid": "1030842", "title": "Leptospirosis in Malaysia: a common cause of short-term fever.", "content": "Leptospirosis in Malaysia: a common cause of short-term fever. A study of 1,437 unselected febrile patients in rural Malaysia yielded a diagnosis of leptospirosis in 86 (6.0%). The clinical syndrome was mild to moderate in all cases, jaundice was observed in only 2 (2.3%) and no deaths were documented. The diagnosis was not clinically obvious in most cases, and it is apparent that many infections must be going unnoticed at present.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030842"}
{"pmid": "1030841", "title": "Hydrogen sulphide production as an aid to the identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "content": "Hydrogen sulphide production as an aid to the identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In this study 18 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from food and 8 from humans were tested for hydrogen sulphide production on various modifications of Russel's Triple Sugar slopes and on TSI. All strains showed a characteristic surface browning on RTS with Andrade's indicator. This was not seen when RTS with phenol red as indicator or TSI were used. Appearance of this phenomenon allows unknown strains to be suspected as being Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030841"}
{"pmid": "1030843", "title": "Angiostrongylus malaysiensis from Tuaran, Sabah, with reference to the distribution of the parasite in Malaysia.", "content": "Angiostrongylus malaysiensis from Tuaran, Sabah, with reference to the distribution of the parasite in Malaysia. A survey of Angiostrongylus malaysiensis among wild rodent and molluscan hosts was made in the Tuaran Central Agricultural Research Station and within the vicinity of Tuaran, Sabah. Three of 19 Rattus rattus diardii, one of 2 R. exulans and one R. argentiventer were found naturally infected with the parasite. In this survey 56 of 382 molluscs comprising of Pila scutata, Achatina fulica and two species of land slugs, Laevicaulis alte and Microparmarion malayanus, were found naturally infected with the parasite. Samples of larvae from each of these molluscs were experimentally transferred to laboratory albino rats and adult worms consistent with A. malaysiensis were recovered. Comparison of the rat hosts and the molluscan intermediate hosts of the parasite in Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak and Sabah was made, and the finding of A. malaysiensis in Tuaran is the first report of the parasite from Sabah. The distribution of the parasite throughout Malaysia is discussed. Observation on the human consumption of the freshwater snail, P. scutata, was made. Although the infection rate of this snail is low compared with other molluscan hosts examined. The importance of this mollusc as a potential source of human infection should not be overlooked. Hospital records for 1974 and 1975 were examined and clinical human angiostrongyliasis was rarely recorded in Sabah.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030843"}
{"pmid": "1030828", "title": "Nuclear medicine computing. Where we have been, where we are and where we are going.", "content": "Nuclear medicine computing. Where we have been, where we are and where we are going. Demand for the newest and most elaborate Nuclear Medicine equipment is at an all time high. Never has there been more to offer than now with such improvements as large field of view, high resolution, whole-body capability and so on. The dedicated minicomputer systems that are available to go with these latest imaging devices are equally impressive. Still, the headaches associated with putting together a full capability camera/computer system are numerous. Things just do not seem to go together the way they ought to. If we are to truly get the most value out of our new equipment, we must put tremendous work loads on our clinical staff by expecting them to use very awkward and poorly configured systems in which several complicated steps are required to to produce the finished product ready for the reading room. The relatively low usage factor which most clinical Nuclear Medicine computer systems experience is not surprising when we consider the ridiculous way in which these systems are configured. It is time for a little human engineering to be introduced into the design process. Unfortunately, this proliferation of equipment is wasteful of money as well as the operator's time. It would make more sense to consolidate the multitude of displays and controlling elements into a single console which would allow a single operator to perform all necessary data processing operations quickly and interactively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030828"}
{"pmid": "1030827", "title": "Amino-oxidase and dermal connective tissue in scoliosis.", "content": "Amino-oxidase and dermal connective tissue in scoliosis. The amino-oxidase and collagen content of dermal tissue was evaluated in 10 patients with severe idiopathic scoliosis and in a control group of 7 patients with poliomyelitic scoliosis, that were to undergo surgical correction of their skeletal deformity. A greater dermal content of neutral salt souble collagen was found in the patients with idiopathic scoliosis, compared with the control group. Statistically the difference was highly significant. Mono-amino-oxidase activity, however, was found to be significantly decreased in dermal extracts obtained from patients affected by idiopathic scoliosis in comparison with controls. The involvement of mono-amino-oxidase in the crosslinking of collagen and the possible classification of idiopathic scoliosis as a systemic disease of connective tissue are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030827"}
{"pmid": "1030844", "title": "Parasitological survey in Gorontalo North Sulawesi, Indonesia.", "content": "Parasitological survey in Gorontalo North Sulawesi, Indonesia. A survey for blood and intestinal parasites was carried out in the municipality of Gorontalo on the Minahasa peninsula of North Sulawesi. A total of 156 stool specimens were obtained from 83 males and 73  females. Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, unidentified dicrocoeliid-like ova and Entamoeba coli, in that order, were the most common intestinal parasites detected. Other intestinal parasites found less frequently were Entamoeba histolytica, Iodamoeba bütschlii, Endolimax nana, Giardia lamblia, Enterobius vermicularis and Chilomastix mesnili. Brugia malayi microfilaremiar were detected in 6% and Plasmodium falciparum in less than 1% of the population sampled.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030844"}
{"pmid": "1030846", "title": "Observations on the breeding habitats of Aedes aegypti (L.) in Jakarta, Indonesia.", "content": "Observations on the breeding habitats of Aedes aegypti (L.) in Jakarta, Indonesia. A one-year study was done of the breeding habitats of Aedes aegypti (L.) and of the water storage habits of the inhabitants in four crowded districts of urban Jakarta. Immature mosquitoes were found in or near houses in containers of relatively clean water used for drinking or bathing purposes. An average of 185 containers were found per 100 houses, of which 60 were positive for Aedes immatures, resulting in a Container Index of 32%. The mean potential water storage capacity per house was 173 liters of which only 92 liters of water was actually being stored at any one time. Water jars were the most common containers found, but bak mandi (cuboidal or oblong concrete reservoirs) held more water per container. Total water storage per house in bak mandi was twice that of water jars and ten times that of drums, which were uncommon. Ant traps and other miscellaneous containers were unimportant for either water storage or mosquito production. A mean of 0.93 pupae per  house was found, pupal production indoors being ten times than outdoors. Indoor water jars produced more pupae per house than all other containers combined. The infestation rate of covered containers was significantly higher than that of uncovered containers, perhaps because loose-fitting lids allowed entrance of gravid females to the attractive darkened interior of the container.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030846"}
{"pmid": "1030845", "title": "Reactivation studies on organophosphate inhibited human cholinesterases by pralidoxime (P-2-AM).", "content": "Reactivation studies on organophosphate inhibited human cholinesterases by pralidoxime (P-2-AM). There is biochemical and clinical evidence that P-2-AM (Pyridine-2-Aldoxime Methiodide, Pralidoxime) does not reactive human acetylcholinesterase inhibited by either Malathion or Malaoxon. In vitro studies using Pralidoxime iodide up to ten times the recommended concentrations, produced insignificant reactivation of cholinesterases inhibited by Malathion or Malaoxon. This was observed inspite of prolonged exposure of the inhibited cholinesterases to the oxime. The value of Pralidoxime as a reactivator of phosphorylated cholinesterases is therefore in doubt, and should not be used in preference to large doses of atropine and other supportive treatment in poisoning by organophosphate pesticides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030845"}
{"pmid": "1030849", "title": "Carcinoma of the cystic duct associated with opisthorchiasis.", "content": "Carcinoma of the cystic duct associated with opisthorchiasis. Four patients who had obstructing carcinoma of the cystic duct and who presented themselves with enlarged and palpable gall bladders but without jaundice are reported. All patients came from endemic areas of opisthorchiasis and had evidence of Opisthorchis infection by peritoneoscopic and surgical findings. All but one had Opisthorchis eggs in the stool. The pathogenesis and management was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030849"}
{"pmid": "1030848", "title": "Comparative growth of Malay, Chinese and Indian school children in Malaysia.", "content": "Comparative growth of Malay, Chinese and Indian school children in Malaysia. The weights and heights of 3,312 Malaysian primary school boys and girls, aged 6 to 11 years, belonging to various ethnic groups in Malaysia were measured. On the whole, the Chinese children were taller and heavier than the Malay and the Indian children who were the least heavy among the three ethnic groups. Economically the Indians were the poorest among the three ethnic groups and they also had the largest family size. When the household incomes were taken into consideration it was found that the growth achievement of the higher income children was better than that of the poorer children, irrespective of their ethnic groups. It is interesting to note that, although the Indian children as a whole, were the least heavy of the three ethnic groups, yet the growth achievement of the higher income Indian children was similar to that of the higher income Chinese children. The differences in growth achievement of the various ethnic groups are probably due to environmental differences, rather than genetic differences. It seems likely that Malaysian children of different ethnic groups (Malay, Chinese and Indian) can attain similar statures if environmental conditions are similar.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030848"}
{"pmid": "1030850", "title": "Intestinal and blood parasites of man in Bireuen and Takengon, Aceh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia.", "content": "Intestinal and blood parasites of man in Bireuen and Takengon, Aceh Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. A survey for blood and intestinal parasites was carried out in Aceh Province of North Sumatra, Indonesia. A total of 348 stool specimens were obtained from 167 males and 181 females ranging in age from 6 months to 70 years. Over 98% of the population sampled were found infected with at least one intestinal parasite. Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, hookworm and Entamoeba coli, in that order, were the most common parasites detected. Other intestinal parasites found less frequently were Entamoeba histolytica, Iodamoeba bütschlii, Entamoeba hartmanni, Endolimax nana and Giardia lamblia, Brugia malayi microfilaraemias were detected in 2% of those examined and only in the coastal villages of Cot Ketapang and Rusip Dayah. No malaria was found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030850"}
{"pmid": "1030851", "title": "Prevalence and zoonotic potential of Ancylostoma ceylanicum in cats in Thailand.", "content": "Prevalence and zoonotic potential of Ancylostoma ceylanicum in cats in Thailand. Ancylostoma ceylanicum and Ancylostoma caninum were found in cats from Prachin Buri, Thailand, with infection rates of 92% and 23%, respectively. In this survey, 75% of cats were infected with A. ceylanicum alone, the rest had mixed infections of A. ceylanicum and A. caninum. The worm burden range in 26 cats for A. ceylanicum and A. caninum were 1 to 83 and 1 to 10, respectively. For A. ceylanicum, both males and females were found in the gut from the first part of duodenum to rectum. In the case of A. caninum the distribution was not constant. The sex ratio between male and female A. ceylanicum was 1:1.4. The egg count for A. ceylanicum was in the range 31-150 per gram of faeces (mean 70). The zoonotic potential of these parasites was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030851"}
{"pmid": "1030847", "title": "Endemic goitre in Sarawak, Malaysia: I. Somatic growth and aetiology.", "content": "Endemic goitre in Sarawak, Malaysia: I. Somatic growth and aetiology. A comparative epidemiological and anthropometric survey was conducted among Ibans, the largest indigenous ethnic group in Sarawak, in three regions where the endemicity of goitre exhibited marked differences , to assess the effect of endemic goitre on somatic growth. In the Ai river region the prevalence of goitre was 99.5%; 35% having grade 3 goitres, 55% grade 2 goitres and 9.5% grade 1 goitres. At Rubu the prevalence of endemic goitre was 74%; 3% having grade 3 goitre, 16% grade 2 goitre and 55% grade 1 goitre. In the Bajong region relatively few people were detected with goitre and most of these had migrated from other regions. Neurological cretinism was estimated at 3.6% in the severely goitrous Ai river population but was not detected in the other regions. Anthropometric data obtained from the three adult populations did not reveal any statistically significant differences in the following parameters: weight, height, weight/height ratio, height/sitting height ratios, head circumference, scapular skinfold thickness and left mid arm muscle circumference. The haemoglobin, serum total protein and serum albumin concentrations were similar in the three populations. It is concluded that endemic goitre occurs with  a frequency of close to 100% in certain Iban populations which represents one of the highest incidences of endemic goitre in the world. Neurological cretinism is common in this population. Our observations suggest that body proportions and somatic growth do not vary among similar ethnic populations exhibiting greatly different endemicity of goitre. Although no iodine balance studies were performed, assessment of diets suggested that iodine deficiency is a significant contributory factor in the development of endemic goitre in Sarawak. Urgent attention to iodine supplementation is indicated to prevent the development of endemic goitre and neurological cretinism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030847"}
{"pmid": "1030852", "title": "Pralidoxime as an insignificant reactivator in severe anticholinesterase (organophosphate insecticide) poisoning.", "content": "Pralidoxime as an insignificant reactivator in severe anticholinesterase (organophosphate insecticide) poisoning. In acute severe anticholinesterase poisoning by organophosphate compounds, pralidoxime (P-2-AM, pyridine-2-aldoxime methiodide) used in the recommended doses, intravenously, has not been shown to reactivate the inhibited cholinesterase, as evidenced both clinically and biochemically. In vitro studies using pralidoxime iodide up to ten times the recommended concentrations, produced insignificant reactivation of cholinesterases inhibited by the organophosphate insecticide Bidrin (di-methyl-3-hydroxyl-N, N-dimethyl-crotonamide phosphate). This was even so despite prolonged exposure of the inhibited cholinesterases to the oxime. The value of pralidoxime as a reactivator of phosphorylated cholinesterases is therefore in doubt, and should not be used in preference to large doses of atropine and other supportive treatment in poisoning by organophosphate insecticides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030852"}
{"pmid": "1030853", "title": "Chronic industrial exposure to lead in 63 subjects. I. Clinical and erythrokinetic findings.", "content": "Chronic industrial exposure to lead in 63 subjects. I. Clinical and erythrokinetic findings. Clinical, biochemical, haematological and erythrokinetic studies were performed on 63 adult males with prolonged lead exposure. Their most common symptoms and findings were abdominal pain (62%), gingival lead lines (48%), headache and/or dizziness (33%), muscle cramps (32%), anaemia (19%), and fatigue (18%). Colicky abdominal pain (27%) and gingival lead lines correlated with urinary lead excretion. Anaemia was mild, but more frequent in the subjects with the greatest urinary lead excretion. Other associated findings were: higher reticulocyte counts and more basophilic stippling of the RBCs, more sideroblasts and greater erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow, more reduction in 51Cr-tagged RBC survival time, smaller RBC mass, a more rapid plasma iron clearance, a greater plasma iron turnover and greater utilization of 59Fe in subjects with urinary lead excretion of greater than 100 microng/day in comparison with the remainder and normal controls. These findings suggest that minimal chronic exposure to lead causes an increased haemolysis with resulting increased production of erythrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030853"}
{"pmid": "1030855", "title": "The changes of the hair roots in correlation to the clinical status of the nephrotic syndrome.", "content": "The changes of the hair roots in correlation to the clinical status of the nephrotic syndrome. The examination of the hair roots were performed by a modified technique as described by Bradfield. The mean hair bulb diameter in children with overt nephrotic syndrome was statistically smaller than the controls. The distributions of hair root morphology amongst them were also statistically different from those of the control group. The hair roots of the children with remission or with questionable relapse were not different from the control group. The application of hair root examination, therefore may be useful in the differentiation of various stages of the nephrotic syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030855"}
{"pmid": "1030854", "title": "The vitamin B1, B2 and B6 status of school children in two resettlement areas in Northeast Thailand.", "content": "The vitamin B1, B2 and B6 status of school children in two resettlement areas in Northeast Thailand. The vitamin B1, B2 and B6 status of school children were studied in the Khon Kaen resettlement and irrigation area and in the Lam-takong settlement in northease Thailand using the in vitro tests based on the erythrocyte transketolase, glutathione reductase and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase activities. Healthy school children from the Khon Kaen University School were selected as a reference group. The results demonstrate that the vitamin B1 status in the resettlement area is sufficient, but about 20% to 35% of all the children show evidence of vitamin B2 and B6 deficiencies. It is noticed that besides a high prevalence of parasitic infections and poor hygienic conditions the protein and vitamin intake is low and improvement of the situation is necessary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030854"}
{"pmid": "1030856", "title": "Socio-economic, health and nutritional status of the villagers in the Nong Wai irrigation area, Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand.", "content": "Socio-economic, health and nutritional status of the villagers in the Nong Wai irrigation area, Khon Kaen, Northeast Thailand. Studies were carried out from June 1974 to May 1975 on the socio-economic status, health and nutritional status of the people in 4 villages, in the irrigation area of the Nong Wai Pioneer Agricultural Project of Khon Kaen Province, Northeast Thailand. The result obtained were compared with those in 2 non-irrigated villages in the same province, in order to identify the health and nutritional problems which might arise during the water resource development in the irrigation area. It was found that in the irrigated villages 90% of the peoples were farmers, while in the non-irrigated villages all were farmers. The socio-economic status of the people in the irrigated villages was much better than those in the non-irrigated ones. The income per family in the former was about three times greater than that in the latter. In the study of the health conditions of the villagers, the vulnerable age group including pre-school children under 7 years of age and school children in the elementary school class 1 and class 2, aged 7-9 years old, served as subjects for investigation. Haematological and physical examinations revealed many children with mild to moderate anaemia, vitamin B2 deficiency and a few cases of hepatomegaly. Anaemic children were found to be more prevalent in the non-irrigated villages than in the irrigated area. The overall parasitic infection rates in children in the irrigated and non-irrigated villages were similar with respect to severity of the infection. Hookworm infection, opisthorchiasis, strongyloidiasis and giardiasis were the leading parasitic infections, while amoebiasis was rare. Ascariasis and trichuriasis were not found. However, the first two helminthic infections had a low grade of intensity. The nutritional status of pre-school children, showed that there were more children with good growth in the irrigated villages than in the non-irrigated one. Serum proteins, albumin and globulin, and urinary urea nitrogen-creatinine ratio revealed normal findings indicating that the children had sufficient protein intake. The results of the urinary hydroxyproline-creatinine index suggested that many of the children in both groups of the villages were at marginal malnutrition status. Surveys on domestic animals including cattle, buffaloes, pigs, and field rats revealed no important zoonotic diseases except leptospirosis in a few rats. Some fish were found to harbour metacercariae of Opisthorchis viverrini, while some snails were positive for cercariae of O. viverrini, Schistosoma spindale, and Echinostoma malayanum. The overall findings indicated that the water resource development by establishing better irrigation, resulted in an improved socio-economic and nutritional status among the villagers, but health conditions and associated parasitic diseases and some nutritional deficiency still existed in the children. However, the findings from this study provide only preliminary data concerning the socio-economic status, health, and nutritional status of the villagers in the irrigation area...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030856"}
{"pmid": "1030864", "title": "Carcinoma of the thyroid gland, adenoma of the adrenal cortex and peptic ulcer: an unreported association.", "content": "Carcinoma of the thyroid gland, adenoma of the adrenal cortex and peptic ulcer: an unreported association. A 39-year-old man, operated on for duodenal ulcer, was found to have a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, an aldosterone-producing adenoma of the adrenal cortex, and a recurrence of a peptic ulcer. The probable coincidental occurrence of these diseases in this patient is suggested. Nevertheless, careful investigation of the other endocrine glands in patients with endocrine tumors is recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030864"}
{"pmid": "1030911", "title": "Conflicts in ethical problems of patient education: strategies for hypertension control explore contractual approach.", "content": "Conflicts in ethical problems of patient education: strategies for hypertension control explore contractual approach. Experiences in the training of health education interviewers for an intervention strategy in a study which utilized health education strategies for control of hypertension afforded the opportunity for examining the relationship of research to practice and for addressing a recurring concern of health educators in practice, i.e., concern over the ethics of adopting a directing role with patients. This concern, which results in ambivalence in presentation and extreme postures of authoritativeness or passivity as educators, detracts from the potential of a health education intervention. While not evaluated comparatively with other strategies as to outcome, one method of addressing this problem, namely explication of the contractual approach in health education, was utilized informally and has implications for health education interventions. This approach utilizes the patient as a truly active partner and sharpens the use of the educational diagnosis. The outcome has potential positives for patients in personal growth and for educators in the sharpening of skills and in more effective use of their resources. These observations and the ensuing discussions come as an unplanned output of the study from which they derived. However, a variety of experiences in health education lend weight to the impression that the concerns addressed are not atypical of universal concerns among practitioners. Such conclusions suggest the timeliness of testing out the approach in an experimental fashion in an effort to document its use as technique as well as its effectiveness in ultimate outcome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030911"}
{"pmid": "1030912", "title": "Effect of prednisolone on the glycosaminoglycan components of the regenerating articular cartilage.", "content": "Effect of prednisolone on the glycosaminoglycan components of the regenerating articular cartilage. Investigations were performed on the effect of prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg) on the regenerating femoral articular cartilage of the knee joint in dogs that had been subjected to semiarthroplasty. After 70 days of prednisolone treatment the dogs were killed and the regenerating articular cartilage was removed, minced, and dried with acetone. The acetone-dried material was used for the determination of galactosamine, glucosamine, uronic acid, sulphate, sialic acid and hydroxyproline. Prednisolone treatment elicited a quantitative increase in galactosamine (30.2%), uronic acid (76.2%), and sulphate (9.1%), while no difference was observed in sialic acid content between the treated and untreated groups. From the molar ratio of the measured components it appears that prednisolone produced an increase in chondroitin sulphate and hyaluronic acid, and a decrease in the keratosulphate content of cartilage. By comparing the values measured in the regenerating articular cartilage of control and prednisolone-treated dogs with the values obtained in the mature articular cartilage, we may conclude that prednisolone--at least as regards the glycosaminoglycans of the ground substance--exerts an accelerating effect on cartilage regeneration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030912"}
{"pmid": "1030913", "title": "The hypophysis of the marine teleost fish, Mugil auratus Risso.", "content": "The hypophysis of the marine teleost fish, Mugil auratus Risso. Owing to its lack of a hypophysial stalk, the hypophysis of the marine fish, Mugil auratus, is of the platybasic type. Its differentiation into adenohypophysial and neurohypophysial regions well conforms with the situation already recognized in other fishes. But, although the adenohypophysis shows distinction into pro-, meso- and meta-adenophypophysis, the lineo-vertical arrangement which they assume is not of common occurrence. By contrast, the neurohypophysis forms the usual central nervous core, surrounded by the adenohypophysial regions. The acidophils constituting the pro-adenohypophysis, having a deep staining affinity, resemble those in the meso-adenohypophysial region. The acidophils of the meso-adenohypophysis occupy a small region, whereas their associating cyanophils occupy a larger ventral region. The meta-adenohypophysis consists of an integral convoluted sac of epithelial amphiphilic cells. Such encloses the bulk of the neurohypophysis. It is remarkable that the neurohypophysial fibres never interdigitate among the meta-adenohypophysial cells, so they are more closely related in arrangement to tetrapods than to fishes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030913"}
{"pmid": "1030914", "title": "The hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the marine teleost fish, Mugil auratus risso.", "content": "The hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the marine teleost fish, Mugil auratus risso. The hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the marinefish, Mugil auratus, consists of two nuclei, viz., the nucleus praeopticus and the nucleus laterlis tuberis. Both are paired, and while those of the nucleus praeopticus are vertically arranged as L-shaped bodies, their strand-like counterparts in the nucleus lateralis tuberis extend in an antero-posterior direction. The two constituent bodies of the nucleus praeopticus lie on both sides of the third cerebral ventricle. Each is differentiated into a dorsal pars magnocellularis and a ventral pars parvocellularis. A nervous tract, the hypothalamo-hypophysial tract, extends posteriorly from each body, but it is not until after they penetrate the pituitary gland that they fuse into one structure, the neurohypophysis. Many neurosecretory granules accumulate in the neurohypophysis adjacent to the meta-adenohypophysial region, and fewer scattered granules of varying sizes are also present along the hypothalamo-hypophysial tracts. Inner to these hypothalamo-hypophysial tracts extend the two bodies of the nucleus lateralis tuberis along the infundibular region. Axons from this nucleus extend sideways, and as they merge with those adjacently disposed of the hypothalamo-hypophysial tracts, they enter the pituitary gland as a unified structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030914"}
{"pmid": "1030915", "title": "Electron microscopic autoradiography of serotonin uptake in the ganglia of the fresh-water mussel (Anodonta cygneak L.).", "content": "Electron microscopic autoradiography of serotonin uptake in the ganglia of the fresh-water mussel (Anodonta cygneak L.). After in vitro incubation, the uptake of labelled serotonin was investigated by electron microscopic autoradiography in the ganglia of fresh-water mussel (Anodonta cygnea L.) The labelled serotonin was primarily taken up by the axons of the neurons. The silver grains could always be localized over axons containing eccentric dense-core vesicles with a diameter of 100--200 nm. The results suggest (a) the possibility of the electron microscopic identification of serotonin-containing neurons, and (b) the direct role of the eccentric dense-core vesicles in the storage of serotonin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030915"}
{"pmid": "1030916", "title": "Detection of fetal life and growth by means of ultrasonic A-scan.", "content": "Detection of fetal life and growth by means of ultrasonic A-scan. The results achieved in obstetrics by the application of ultrasonic A-scan technique are described. By means of the method fetal life and, from the rate of growth of the biparietal diameter, fetal development were determined in normal and pathological pregnancies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030916"}
{"pmid": "1030918", "title": "Effect of absorbable cellulose on the renal parenchyma.", "content": "Effect of absorbable cellulose on the renal parenchyma. Both kidneys of 12 dogs were injured and the wounds were covered with Surgicel which was fixed by means of adhesive. The results were checked by visual inspection and histological tests. The method seems to be suitable for use in appropriate human cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030918"}
{"pmid": "1030919", "title": "Determinantion of testosterone concentration in semen of men with normal or subnormal sperm counts and after vasectomy.", "content": "Determinantion of testosterone concentration in semen of men with normal or subnormal sperm counts and after vasectomy. Semen from 58 male subjects, aged 22 to 50, was assayed on an individual basis to determine whether T was present in it. Of the subjects examined 23 were normospermic, 14 oligospermic and 9 azoospermic; 12 men had undergone vasectomy were also included in the study. In 39 of the subjects plasma testosterone was estimated. A competitive protein binding technique was employed for T assays while dried extracts of semen were examined by combined gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry and mass fragmentography. Measurable amounts of T were detected in all seminal specimens assayed. This was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry which showed a spectrum suggestive of T. The ratio of unconjugated to conjugated steroid in semen was found to be approximately 1:10. Levels of unconjgated T were similar to those found in plasma of normally menstruating women. The mean seminal concentration of unconjugated T (+/-SD) in the specimens assayed was 0.71 ng/ml+/-0.08 for the normospermic, 0.79+/-0.14 for the ezoospermic, 0.69+/-0.09 for the oligospermic, but only 0.38+/-0.04 for the vasectomized subjects. Plasma levels for this androgen were within the range found in normal men of comparable age.  Significant correlation between plasma and seminal T concentration could not be demonstrated and there was no correlation between either of the above parameters and the seminal volume, the number, abnormal form percentage and the motility of spermatozooa in the normo--or oligospermic group. However, when the two groups were pooled into one, significant correlations were found between plasma, (but not seminal T concentration) and the seminal characters examined, perhaps suggesting the number of specimens from the groups should be increased to obtain valid data. Administration of human chorionic gonadotropin produced a marked plasma response as well as a rise of seminal T levels in 3 normospermic subjects whereas cyproterone acetate caused reduction of plasm T levels but had no consistent effect on the seminal concentration of ts steroid although the sensitivity of the seminal method may not have detected smaller changes at this level. The semen from 58 subjects aged 22-50 years was investigated to determine the presence of testosterone (T) in the sperm.  23 of the men were normospermic, 9 azoospermic, 14 oligospermic, and 12 had undergone vasectomy.  Semen was obtained by masturbation, and blood was drawn in 39 men.  A technique using separation by Sephadex LH 20 column chromatography and competitive protein binding was used for T determination.  Measurable amounts of unconjugated T were found in all sepcimens;  and when both the unconjugated and the conjugated fraction of T were estimated, the ratio was 1:10.  The mean seminal concentration of unconjugated T was .71 ng/ml + or -.08 for the normospermic, .79 + or -.14 for the azoospermic, .69 + or -.09 for the oligospermic, and .38 + or -.04 for the vasectomized men.  There was a lack of correlation between plasma and seminal T concentration and the seminal volume, the number, abnormal percentage, and motility of spermatozoa in the normospermic or oligospermic group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030919"}
{"pmid": "1030920", "title": "Protein content of human seminal plasma and spermatozoa in relation to sperm counts.", "content": "Protein content of human seminal plasma and spermatozoa in relation to sperm counts. Protein concentrations of seminal plasma and spermatozoa were estimated in human normospermic, oligospermic and azoospermic semens. The protein content of seminal plasma ranged from 20 to 60 mg per ml semen and was found to be unrelated to sperm counts. Suspended sediments of azoospermic specimens were found to contain on the average 570+/-86 microng protein per ml semen. This value is about four times higher than in severe oligospermic specimens (0.2 X 10(6) -6.5 X 10(6) cells per ml semen). It is suggested that in azoospermic disorders seminiferous tubules secrete abnormally high amounts of proteinacous material which cannot be eliminated by washings. In addition, destruction of immature cells may contribute to increased protein conten in these specimens. Protein determinations in washed spermatozoa showed a negative relationship between the amount of protein calculated per 10(6) cells and original sperm counts. This trend demonstrates an altered protein metabolism in the spermatozoa of oligospermic specimens which might be responsible for fertility incompetence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030920"}
{"pmid": "1030921", "title": "Complex of D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with Cu2+ ion. I. The apoenzyme-Cu complex.", "content": "Complex of D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase with Cu2+ ion. I. The apoenzyme-Cu complex. D-Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase binds one Cu2+ ion per subunit, which results in the formation of a specific metal-protein complex. This complex exhibits a sharp absorption band around 370 nm, and a broad, small absorption band in the 600-700 nm region. The shape of the absorption spectrum of Cu-GAPD complex in the visible range depends on the anionic composition of the solution. The Cu-GAPD complex is stable in solutions containing phosphate or pyrophosphate anions, but undergoes a slow change in sulfate-, and a rapid change in chloride-containing solutions. The Cys-149 residue of the enzyme is essential for the formation of the Cu-GAPD complex. The sharp absorption at 370 nm presumably corresponds to a charge transfer interaction between the sulfur and the metal ion. Similar absorption bands are shown by the Cu-complexes of papain and thiol-alcalase enzymes. It is assumed that in addition to the reactive thiol groups an imidazole residue in the active site of these enzymes is also involved in the complex formation, and the specific Cu-GAPD Cu-papain and Cu-thiol-alcalase complexes contain a Cys-Cu-His chelate structure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030921"}
{"pmid": "1030922", "title": "Different scientifical orientations in approaching so-called schizophrenics.", "content": "Different scientifical orientations in approaching so-called schizophrenics. The literature on the phenomenon of \"schizophrenia\" presents different scientific orientations. These are classified under five headings: biophysical, intrapsychic, phenomenological, behavioural and socio-cultural. This classification corresponds to the different contemporary professional orientations. However, each orientation provides only the interpretation of one aspect of the total phenomenon studied. Moreover, most interpretations are still imperfectly developed. A comprehensive transdimensional approach is a task for the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030922"}
{"pmid": "1030924", "title": "Long-acting neuroleptics and their place in community mental health services in the United Kingdom: the Salford experience.", "content": "Long-acting neuroleptics and their place in community mental health services in the United Kingdom: the Salford experience. In approaching the goal of a comprehensive community service at the city of Salford (England), the long-acting neuroleptics seem to be an essential step toward a system of continuous care for schizophrenics considered vulnerable to relapse. The hospitalisation experience of a sample of 211 patients is measured on \"mirror-image\" basis, i.e. an equal length of time for each patient before and after the start of long-acting phenothiazines. The results show a very substantial reduction in hospital stay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030924"}
{"pmid": "1030925", "title": "Conjoint measurement in psychiatric research.", "content": "Conjoint measurement in psychiatric research. In order to study complex drug-patient-milieu interactions, conjoint measurement models can be of great help in finding out whether there are any interaction patterns in the data and, if so, in specifying the kind of interaction. Some examples are given. The possible applications as well as the limitations of this technique are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030925"}
{"pmid": "1030935", "title": "Catecholamines and the abundance of blood cells in a fresh water tropical teleost (Colisa fasciatus) in relation to cold-shock.", "content": "Catecholamines and the abundance of blood cells in a fresh water tropical teleost (Colisa fasciatus) in relation to cold-shock. Intraperitoneal injections of epinephrine (0.05 microng/g) elicited characteristic changes in the abundance of circulating leucocytes at selected time intervals (viz., 3, 15 and 27 min. and, later, at intervals of 48 minutes up to 363 min. and at 12 and 24 h) post-injection in Colisa. Leucocytosis was evident as 15, 27 and 75 min, and tendency towards leucocytosis was observed at 123 and 267 min.; at 3, 171, 219, 315 and 363 min. and at 12 and 24 h, the total leucocyte counts for the experimentals and controls were not significantly different. No such corresponding significant changes were observed in the abundance of circulating erythrocytes or thrombocytes. Leucocyte sequence elicited by epinephrine was also apparent in Colisa which had been exposed to a temperature of 2 degrees C for one minute. Pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine (3.0 mg/l aquarium water), an alpha-adrenergic antagonist, abolished the cold-shock leucocytic phases, except 27 min. leucocytosis which emerged unaffected. Exogenous norepinephrine (2 microng/g) and isoproterenol (0.1 microng/g) failed to elicit any significant change in the number of circulating leucocytes, erythrocytes, or thrombocytes. Clearly adrenergic mechanisms are involved in the cold-shock leucocyte stress sequence. The results suggest alpha-activating role of epinephrine during the leucocyte stress syndrome in Colisa and, apparently, epinephrine is leucocytic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030935"}
{"pmid": "1030939", "title": "In vitro degradation of ribosomes.", "content": "In vitro degradation of ribosomes. The cytoplasmic ribosomes from Euglena gracilis var. bacillaris are found to be of two types taking into consideration their stability \"in vitro\". In the group of unstable ribosomes the large subunit is degraded. The other group apparently does not suffer any degradation under the conditions described. However the RNAs extracted from both types of ribosomes are degraded during sucrose density gradients. The degradation of the largest RNA species has been reported previously, but no comment has been made about the stability of the ribosome itself.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030939"}
{"pmid": "1030940", "title": "Changes in plasma membranes during the prereplicative phase of the isoproterenol-stimulated parotid glands of mice.", "content": "Changes in plasma membranes during the prereplicative phase of the isoproterenol-stimulated parotid glands of mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol induces resting cells from the acini of the mouse parotid gland to enter the proliferative cycle. Parotid plasma membrane from non-stimulated and isoproterenol-treated mice were prepared by differential centrifugation of the homogenates. Comparing the chemical composition of plasma membranes from non-stimulated and isoproterenol-treated mice, no variation in the phospholipid/protein ratio was observed. However, the levels of neutral sugars, hexosamines and sialic acid fall drastically in the early prereplicative phase. The decrease in neutral sugars and hexosamines in plasma membranes caused by isoproterenol is imitated by pilocarpine, which induces secretion but little or no increase in DNA synthesis. However, pilocarpine does not mobilize sialic acid from the plasma membrane. Moreover, dosis of isoproterenol that elicits secretion but not mitosis in the acinar cells, does not induce the movement of sialic acid from the plasma membrane. The mobilization of sialic acid from plasma membranes caused by isoproterenol was also demonstrated in an in vitro system. Treatment of the plasma membrane with chloroform/methanol shows that around 60% of the sialic acid is present in the less polar phase. We conclude that the separation of sialic acid from the plasma membrane is one of the early steps in the sequence of events leading to DNA synthesis and cell division in the isoproterenol-stimulated parotid gland of mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030940"}
{"pmid": "1030938", "title": "Labeling of lectin receptors during the cell cycle.", "content": "Labeling of lectin receptors during the cell cycle. Labeling of lectin receptors during the cell cycle. (Localizabión de receptores para lectinas durante el ciclo celular). Arch. Biol. Med. Exper. 10: 100-104, 1976. The topographic distribution of specific cell surface receptors for concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin was studied by ultrastructural labeling in the course of the cell cycle. C12TSV5 cells were synchronized by double thymidine block or mechanical selection (shakeoff). They were labeled by means of lectin-peroxidase techniques while in G1 S, G2 and M phases of the cycle. The results obtained were similar for both lectins employed. Interphase cells (G1 S, G2) present a stlihtly discontinous labeling pattern that is similar to the one observed on unsynchronized cells of the same line. Cells in mitosis, on the contrary, present a highly discontinous distribution of reaction product. This pattern disappears after the cells enters G1 and is not present on mitotic cells fixed in aldehyde prior to labeling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030938"}
{"pmid": "1030923", "title": "The interaction between neuroleptic treatment and sociotherapeutic approach in chronic schizophrenics. Investigations with haloperidol, penfluridol and pimozide.", "content": "The interaction between neuroleptic treatment and sociotherapeutic approach in chronic schizophrenics. Investigations with haloperidol, penfluridol and pimozide. In the modern treatment of chronic schizophrenic patients two major trends can be outlined: sociotherapy and psychopharmacotherapy. Therefore it is an important question whether these two therapeutic approaches interact in a positive or a negative way. Selected examples of experiments about the interaction of haloperidol, penfluridol and pimozide with sociotherapy are given and discussed. It is also demonstrated that the learning capacity of the patients depends on the particular type of neuroleptic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030923"}
{"pmid": "1030950", "title": "Chemical structure of the peptidoglycan of Vibrio parahaemolyticus A55 with special reference to the extent of interpeptide cross-linking.", "content": "Chemical structure of the peptidoglycan of Vibrio parahaemolyticus A55 with special reference to the extent of interpeptide cross-linking. The chemical structure of the cell wall peptidoglycan of Vibrio parahaemolyticus A55 was studied. Estimation of cross linkages between peptide subunits in the peptidoglycan by dinitrophenylation showed that about 30% of the total 2,6-diaminopimelic acid (A2pm) residues were involved in cross linkages. The presence of interpeptide bridges was also demonstrated by isolating bisdisaccharide peptide subunit dimers from Chalaropsis muramidase digests of the cell wall peptidoglycan by gel filtration followed by ion-exchange column chromatography, although most of the building blocks obtained were uncross-linked disaccharide peptide monomers. The chain length of a glycan moiety of the peptidoglycan obtained by treatment with the L-11 enzyme and gel filtration of the digest was also studied. The chain length varied from 7 to 44, but 30% of the glycan fragments had muramic acid at the reducing end and a chain length of 28 to 44. In conformity with the above structural study it was demonstrated that a particulate enzyme fraction obtained by differential centrifugation of a sonicated preparation of V. parahaemolyticus catalyzed a penicillin-sensitive transpeptidation reaction, using UDP-MurNAc-14C-pentapeptide and UDP-GlcNAc as substrates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030950"}
{"pmid": "1030933", "title": "Effects of thyroidectomy and replacement therapy on the adrenal and testis of the bird myna, Acridotheres tristis.", "content": "Effects of thyroidectomy and replacement therapy on the adrenal and testis of the bird myna, Acridotheres tristis. Thyroidectomy in Myna, Acridotheres tristis, increased the levels of cholesterol, ascorbic acid and decreased the activity of the adrenal. The size and activity of the testis also decreased following thyroid removal. The weight of the two glands and activity of testis was not affected by 0.25 mg of 1-thyroxine. The chemical and histological changes of the adrenal were however reversed. It is suggested that thyroid deficiency leads to reduced output of the trophic hormones from the adenohypophysis of the bird resulting in decreased size and activity of the gonad and of the adrenal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1030933"}
{"pmid": "1031074", "title": "Free conjunctival graft as a temporary treatment for large corneal fistula.", "content": "Free conjunctival graft as a temporary treatment for large corneal fistula.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031074"}
{"pmid": "1031073", "title": "Management of resistant cases of herpetic keratitis using cryo-immunotherapy technique.", "content": "Management of resistant cases of herpetic keratitis using cryo-immunotherapy technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031073"}
{"pmid": "1031072", "title": "Acute conjunctivitis in a rural Egyptian community.", "content": "Acute conjunctivitis in a rural Egyptian community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031072"}
{"pmid": "1031075", "title": "Bilateral simultaneous Mooren's ulcers with binasal and bitemporal pterygia. \"A possible aetiological and pathological correlation\".", "content": "Bilateral simultaneous Mooren's ulcers with binasal and bitemporal pterygia. \"A possible aetiological and pathological correlation\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031075"}
{"pmid": "1031077", "title": "Measurement of the depth of anterior chamber using Jaeger micrometer and gonioscopic studies of the angle in normotensive Egyptian eyes.", "content": "Measurement of the depth of anterior chamber using Jaeger micrometer and gonioscopic studies of the angle in normotensive Egyptian eyes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031077"}
{"pmid": "1031076", "title": "Surgical uses of scleral graft other than retinal detachment operations.", "content": "Surgical uses of scleral graft other than retinal detachment operations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031076"}
{"pmid": "1031078", "title": "Corneal curvature in normal and raised intraocular pressure.", "content": "Corneal curvature in normal and raised intraocular pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031078"}
{"pmid": "1031081", "title": "Management of glaucoma. New concepts.", "content": "Management of glaucoma. New concepts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031081"}
{"pmid": "1031079", "title": "Histopathological study of Schlemm's canal and adjacent structures in glaucoma.", "content": "Histopathological study of Schlemm's canal and adjacent structures in glaucoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031079"}
{"pmid": "1031080", "title": "Intra-ocular pressure after tonography.", "content": "Intra-ocular pressure after tonography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031080"}
{"pmid": "1031086", "title": "Non reformation of anterior chamber due to disease of its linning endothelium.", "content": "Non reformation of anterior chamber due to disease of its linning endothelium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031086"}
{"pmid": "1031087", "title": "The subscleral Mortada operation. (Subscleral trap door sclerotomy with nasal pillar iris inclusion).", "content": "The subscleral Mortada operation. (Subscleral trap door sclerotomy with nasal pillar iris inclusion).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031087"}
{"pmid": "1031084", "title": "Trepano-trabeculectomy in the surgical treatment of glaucoma.", "content": "Trepano-trabeculectomy in the surgical treatment of glaucoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031084"}
{"pmid": "1031085", "title": "Cyclodialothermy operation. (Preliminary report).", "content": "Cyclodialothermy operation. (Preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031085"}
{"pmid": "1031083", "title": "Modification of cyclodialysis operation.", "content": "Modification of cyclodialysis operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031083"}
{"pmid": "1031082", "title": "Diagnostic cytology in some conjunctival diseases.", "content": "Diagnostic cytology in some conjunctival diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031082"}
{"pmid": "1031088", "title": "Cataract extraction under general anaesthesia and mannitol osmotherapy.", "content": "Cataract extraction under general anaesthesia and mannitol osmotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031088"}
{"pmid": "1031089", "title": "Prophylactic circlage before cataract extraction in high myopes. \"Preliminary report\".", "content": "Prophylactic circlage before cataract extraction in high myopes. \"Preliminary report\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031089"}
{"pmid": "1031090", "title": "The absolute indication for cryo cataract extraction with Mortada multiple methods technique.", "content": "The absolute indication for cryo cataract extraction with Mortada multiple methods technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031090"}
{"pmid": "1031091", "title": "Artifictal lens transplantation following cataract surgery. A promising method for treating cataracts.", "content": "Artifictal lens transplantation following cataract surgery. A promising method for treating cataracts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031091"}
{"pmid": "1031092", "title": "Results of simple needling for soft cataract.", "content": "Results of simple needling for soft cataract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031092"}
{"pmid": "1031093", "title": "Retinal detachment. Past, present, and future.", "content": "Retinal detachment. Past, present, and future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031093"}
{"pmid": "1031094", "title": "Non drainage of subretinal fluid with the encircling silastic 3mm, band in retinal detachment surgery.", "content": "Non drainage of subretinal fluid with the encircling silastic 3mm, band in retinal detachment surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031094"}
{"pmid": "1031095", "title": "Aiming at prevention of complications of scleral buckling by silastic rod or band without evacuation of subretinal fluid.", "content": "Aiming at prevention of complications of scleral buckling by silastic rod or band without evacuation of subretinal fluid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031095"}
{"pmid": "1031096", "title": "The encircling silastic 3 mm band without cautery in retinal detachment surgery.", "content": "The encircling silastic 3 mm band without cautery in retinal detachment surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031096"}
{"pmid": "1031099", "title": "More experience with encircling silastic 3mm band without evacuation of subretinal fluid in retinal detachment surgery. Mortada operation: one of the three international techniques.", "content": "More experience with encircling silastic 3mm band without evacuation of subretinal fluid in retinal detachment surgery. Mortada operation: one of the three international techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031099"}
{"pmid": "1031098", "title": "Sjogren's syndrome manifested by different ocular and systemic findings.", "content": "Sjogren's syndrome manifested by different ocular and systemic findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031098"}
{"pmid": "1031097", "title": "Posterior unbuckled part of a giant tear behind the oblique encircling silastic 3mm band operation. Surgical prevention & treatment. (Incision of half scleral thickness opposite anterior and posterior margins of the oblique encircling silastic 3mm band in a wider area than the giant tear meridians extent. Modified Mortada operation.", "content": "Posterior unbuckled part of a giant tear behind the oblique encircling silastic 3mm band operation. Surgical prevention & treatment. (Incision of half scleral thickness opposite anterior and posterior margins of the oblique encircling silastic 3mm band in a wider area than the giant tear meridians extent. Modified Mortada operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031097"}
{"pmid": "1031100", "title": "Biochemical composition and physical properties of the human vitreous body.", "content": "Biochemical composition and physical properties of the human vitreous body.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031100"}
{"pmid": "1031101", "title": "Some biochemical and physical changes occurring in the vitreous body following choroido-retinal and vitreal injury in rabbit eyes.", "content": "Some biochemical and physical changes occurring in the vitreous body following choroido-retinal and vitreal injury in rabbit eyes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031101"}
{"pmid": "1031102", "title": "Fluorescein angiography.", "content": "Fluorescein angiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031102"}
{"pmid": "1031103", "title": "Interpretation of fluorescein angiography.", "content": "Interpretation of fluorescein angiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031103"}
{"pmid": "1031104", "title": "Fluorescein angiography and photocoagulation in retinal branch vein occlusion.", "content": "Fluorescein angiography and photocoagulation in retinal branch vein occlusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031104"}
{"pmid": "1031105", "title": "Reports on placoid pigment epitheliopathy.", "content": "Reports on placoid pigment epitheliopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031105"}
{"pmid": "1031106", "title": "Optic atrophy following repeated courses of tartar emetic for the treatment of bilharziasis.", "content": "Optic atrophy following repeated courses of tartar emetic for the treatment of bilharziasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031106"}
{"pmid": "1031107", "title": "Impending thrombosis of the central retinal vein.", "content": "Impending thrombosis of the central retinal vein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031107"}
{"pmid": "1031108", "title": "What is new about the treatment of diabetic retinopathy by calcium dobesilae (Doxium).", "content": "What is new about the treatment of diabetic retinopathy by calcium dobesilae (Doxium).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031108"}
{"pmid": "1031109", "title": "Subarachnoid Terson's syndrome and vitreous haemorrhage.", "content": "Subarachnoid Terson's syndrome and vitreous haemorrhage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031109"}
{"pmid": "1031110", "title": "Various ocular findings in Groenblad- syndrome.", "content": "Various ocular findings in Groenblad- syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031110"}
{"pmid": "1031111", "title": "Muscle transposition in sixth nerve palsy.", "content": "Muscle transposition in sixth nerve palsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031111"}
{"pmid": "1031112", "title": "Evaluation of partial myomectomy as a squint operation.", "content": "Evaluation of partial myomectomy as a squint operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031112"}
{"pmid": "1031113", "title": "Pathological study of extraocular muscles in diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Pathological study of extraocular muscles in diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031113"}
{"pmid": "1031114", "title": "Studies on the incidence of refractive errors in Egypt.", "content": "Studies on the incidence of refractive errors in Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031114"}
{"pmid": "1031115", "title": "Lid gangrene with a case report.", "content": "Lid gangrene with a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031115"}
{"pmid": "1031116", "title": "Correlation between serum, tissue cholesterol and chalazion formation.", "content": "Correlation between serum, tissue cholesterol and chalazion formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031116"}
{"pmid": "1031117", "title": "Surgical correction of congenital blepharo-ptosis with epicanthus, and blepharo-phimosis.", "content": "Surgical correction of congenital blepharo-ptosis with epicanthus, and blepharo-phimosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031117"}
{"pmid": "1031118", "title": "Ptosis of eyebrow.", "content": "Ptosis of eyebrow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031118"}
{"pmid": "1031119", "title": "Phlebography in unilateral proptosis.", "content": "Phlebography in unilateral proptosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031119"}
{"pmid": "1031120", "title": "A simplified external dacryocystorhinostomy. Steps and review of twelve cases.", "content": "A simplified external dacryocystorhinostomy. Steps and review of twelve cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031120"}
{"pmid": "1031121", "title": "Trachoma of the lacrimal sac.", "content": "Trachoma of the lacrimal sac.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031121"}
{"pmid": "1031125", "title": "The management of potassium permanganate ocular burn.", "content": "The management of potassium permanganate ocular burn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031125"}
{"pmid": "1031124", "title": "Combination of subconjunctival and I.V. riverin for prophylaxis after intra ocular surgery.", "content": "Combination of subconjunctival and I.V. riverin for prophylaxis after intra ocular surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031124"}
{"pmid": "1031127", "title": "A hard or a soft contact lens.", "content": "A hard or a soft contact lens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031127"}
{"pmid": "1031122", "title": "Blindness in the Middle East.", "content": "Blindness in the Middle East.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031122"}
{"pmid": "1031123", "title": "Ocular complications of corticosteroids.", "content": "Ocular complications of corticosteroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031123"}
{"pmid": "1031129", "title": "The dry eye and its management.", "content": "The dry eye and its management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031129"}
{"pmid": "1031126", "title": "Blood vitamin \"A\" level and dark adaptation.", "content": "Blood vitamin \"A\" level and dark adaptation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031126"}
{"pmid": "1031128", "title": "Experimental ocular toxoplasmosis.", "content": "Experimental ocular toxoplasmosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031128"}
{"pmid": "1031130", "title": "Toxoplasma infection after instillation of the vegetative parasite in the conjunctival cul-de-sac of rabbits.", "content": "Toxoplasma infection after instillation of the vegetative parasite in the conjunctival cul-de-sac of rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031130"}
{"pmid": "1031133", "title": "Study of pathological changes in the extra and intraocular blood vessels in diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Study of pathological changes in the extra and intraocular blood vessels in diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031133"}
{"pmid": "1031136", "title": "Study of corneal thickness and curvature of Egyptian eyes.", "content": "Study of corneal thickness and curvature of Egyptian eyes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031136"}
{"pmid": "1031132", "title": "The pathology of conjunctival blood vessels in diabetes mellitus.", "content": "The pathology of conjunctival blood vessels in diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031132"}
{"pmid": "1031131", "title": "Ocular toxoplasmosis among domestic rabbits in Egypt.", "content": "Ocular toxoplasmosis among domestic rabbits in Egypt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031131"}
{"pmid": "1031134", "title": "Management of intraocular hydatid cyst.", "content": "Management of intraocular hydatid cyst.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031134"}
{"pmid": "1031137", "title": "A cytological study of corneal scrapings from cases of herpes simplex keratitis.", "content": "A cytological study of corneal scrapings from cases of herpes simplex keratitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031137"}
{"pmid": "1031135", "title": "Effect of propranolol and phenylbutazone on the prostaglandin like activity of the rabbit's iris in endotoxin induced iritis.", "content": "Effect of propranolol and phenylbutazone on the prostaglandin like activity of the rabbit's iris in endotoxin induced iritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031135"}
{"pmid": "1031151", "title": "List of medical colleges in India.", "content": "List of medical colleges in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031151"}
{"pmid": "1031152", "title": "Rhinosporidiosis and the eyes.", "content": "Rhinosporidiosis and the eyes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031152"}
{"pmid": "1031154", "title": "Dictyoma.", "content": "Dictyoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031154"}
{"pmid": "1031153", "title": "Electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins in Eale's disease.", "content": "Electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins in Eale's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031153"}
{"pmid": "1031156", "title": "Intra-orbital dermoid with malignant metaplasia.", "content": "Intra-orbital dermoid with malignant metaplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031156"}
{"pmid": "1031157", "title": "Hydatid cyst of orbit.", "content": "Hydatid cyst of orbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031157"}
{"pmid": "1031149", "title": "\"Multiple penile cutaneous horns\".", "content": "\"Multiple penile cutaneous horns\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031149"}
{"pmid": "1031148", "title": "\"Elimination of ascorbic acid in urine of normal man\".", "content": "\"Elimination of ascorbic acid in urine of normal man\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031148"}
{"pmid": "1031147", "title": "Plasma tyrosine levels in normal subjects and in abnormalities of thyroid function.", "content": "Plasma tyrosine levels in normal subjects and in abnormalities of thyroid function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031147"}
{"pmid": "1031150", "title": "All India Ophthalmological Society (in retrospect).", "content": "All India Ophthalmological Society (in retrospect).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031150"}
{"pmid": "1031155", "title": "Lymphomatous pseudo-tumour of the choroid with secondary retinal detachment.", "content": "Lymphomatous pseudo-tumour of the choroid with secondary retinal detachment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031155"}
{"pmid": "1031138", "title": "Epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis.", "content": "Epidemic haemorrhagic conjunctivitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031138"}
{"pmid": "1031158", "title": "Bilateral primary anophthalmos.", "content": "Bilateral primary anophthalmos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031158"}
{"pmid": "1031159", "title": "Pleomorphic adenoma of Krause's gland.", "content": "Pleomorphic adenoma of Krause's gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031159"}
{"pmid": "1031160", "title": "Intermarginal strip lymphangioma (a case report).", "content": "Intermarginal strip lymphangioma (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031160"}
{"pmid": "1031161", "title": "Flexible contact lenses and our experience with 'Sauflon 70' lenses in aphakia.", "content": "Flexible contact lenses and our experience with 'Sauflon 70' lenses in aphakia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031161"}
{"pmid": "1031166", "title": "Bacterial meningitis in the pediatric age.", "content": "Bacterial meningitis in the pediatric age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031166"}
{"pmid": "1031168", "title": "Maternal and child health and family planning.", "content": "Maternal and child health and family planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031168"}
{"pmid": "1031167", "title": "Renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma): the great masquerader.", "content": "Renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma): the great masquerader.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031167"}
{"pmid": "1031169", "title": "The case against mandatory continuing medical education.", "content": "The case against mandatory continuing medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031169"}
{"pmid": "1031170", "title": "Medical mission in Guatemala.", "content": "Medical mission in Guatemala.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031170"}
{"pmid": "1031163", "title": "Health services in India.", "content": "Health services in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031163"}
{"pmid": "1031171", "title": "Veiscocutaneous conduit a method of permanent urinary diversion: fifteen year follow-up.", "content": "Veiscocutaneous conduit a method of permanent urinary diversion: fifteen year follow-up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031171"}
{"pmid": "1031162", "title": "Presidential address.", "content": "Presidential address.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031162"}
{"pmid": "1031174", "title": "Hypertension control: where do we stand in Alabama?", "content": "Hypertension control: where do we stand in Alabama?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031174"}
{"pmid": "1031172", "title": "Improved technique for lumbar epidural anesthesia.", "content": "Improved technique for lumbar epidural anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031172"}
{"pmid": "1031175", "title": "Platelets and drugs.", "content": "Platelets and drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031175"}
{"pmid": "1031178", "title": "Emergency medicine.", "content": "Emergency medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031178"}
{"pmid": "1031176", "title": "Primary, secondary, and tertiary medical care.", "content": "Primary, secondary, and tertiary medical care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031176"}
{"pmid": "1031173", "title": "Anomalies of branchial cleft origin.", "content": "Anomalies of branchial cleft origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031173"}
{"pmid": "1031177", "title": "Etidocaine (duranest): a new long acting local anesthetic for epidural anesthesia.", "content": "Etidocaine (duranest): a new long acting local anesthetic for epidural anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031177"}
{"pmid": "1031164", "title": "Panel discussion--leprosy.", "content": "Panel discussion--leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031164"}
{"pmid": "1031165", "title": "Obituary.", "content": "Obituary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031165"}
{"pmid": "1031212", "title": "Effect of prolonged trifluoperazine, imipramine and haloperidol administration on serum cholesterol. An experimental study in rabbits.", "content": "Effect of prolonged trifluoperazine, imipramine and haloperidol administration on serum cholesterol. An experimental study in rabbits. As a result of prolonged intragastric administration of trifluoperazine (TFZ) and imipramine in rabbits, a significant rise in serum cholesterol was observed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Haloperidol was ineffective. Hypercholesterolemia produced by TFZ was not associated with increased estriol excretion in urine. Histochemical examination of aorta of TFZ-treated animals showed positive 'Schultz's reaction' for cholesterol, suggesting a possible causal relationship between TFZ-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031212"}
{"pmid": "1031213", "title": "Protection of carrageenin edema and trypsin hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin by naphthylthiosemicarbazides and their cyclized oxadiazoles.", "content": "Protection of carrageenin edema and trypsin hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin by naphthylthiosemicarbazides and their cyclized oxadiazoles. Seven 1-(naphth-1-ylacetyl)-4-substituted thiosemicarbazides were synthesized and cyclized to the corresponding 2-(naphth-1-ylmethyl)-5-arylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. All compounds, with the exception of two slbstituted oxadiazoles, possessed low anti-inflammatory activity. The protection afforded by these compounds against carrageen-in-induced edema ranged from 3 to 43% where cyclization, in general, decreased anti-inflammatory activity. All compounds (1 mM), possessed antiproteolytic activity where in vitro protection of trypsin-induced hydrolysis of bovine serum albumin, in most cases was greater with oxadiazoles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031213"}
{"pmid": "1031214", "title": "The effect of diftalone on collagen and glycosaminoglycans metabolism.", "content": "The effect of diftalone on collagen and glycosaminoglycans metabolism. Diftalone showed a distinct inhibition effect on the collagen formation in sponge granuloma as well as in chick embryos articular cartilage. The inhibitory effect was expressed even in corneal and articular cartilage glycosaminoglycans (GAG) sulphation and GAG formation in granulation tissue. According to our previous results diftalone showed a similar inhibition of collagen and GAG biosynthesis as other effective antirheumatic drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031214"}
{"pmid": "1031215", "title": "The lymphocytic absorption of p,p'-DDT and some structurally-related compounds in the rat.", "content": "The lymphocytic absorption of p,p'-DDT and some structurally-related compounds in the rat. The lymphatic absorption of a series of 14C-labelled compounds structurally related to p,p'-DDT has been examined in thoracic duct-cannulated rats. The compounds (p,p'-DDT, p,p-DDT, P,P'-DDD, p,p-DDD, DDE, DDA and 2,4-D) varied markedly in lipid solubility, as well as in extent of lymphatic absorption, urinary and biliary excretion, and localization in body fat. More than 12% of the dose was recovered in 24-hour thoracic duct lymph of rats treated with the p,p'- and o,p-isomers of DDT and DDD and with DDE, and this percentage was increased by concomitant fat absorption. A strict parallel between lipid solubility and lymphatic absorption was not observed in this series of compounds, possibly because of differences in their rates and routes of excretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031215"}
{"pmid": "1031216", "title": "Displacement of albumin-bound antimicrobial agents by bilirubin.", "content": "Displacement of albumin-bound antimicrobial agents by bilirubin. The ability of bilirubin to displace antimicrobial agents from their binding sites on albumin was studied in vitro by equilibrium dialysis. Sulfonamides, tetracyclines, penicillins and cephalosporins of different degrees of protein binding were tested. It was found that bilirubin reduced the protein binding of all four classes of antimicrobial agents, although by varying degrees. This effect was most pronounced with the compounds which had the highest degree of protein binding, such as cloxacillin, cephazolin, methacycline and sulfisoxazole, all of which are bound greater than 80% by albumin. On the other hand, the drugs with less than 25% binding, such as ampicillin, cephalexine and tetracycline were not ostensibly displaced by bilirubin. Scatchard plots of the binding of sulfamethoxazole to albumin in the presence of 400 mumol/1 of bilirubin, showed that bilirubin almost completely displaced the sulfonamide molecule from the high affinity site on the albumin molecule. Reduced protein binding of drugs in hyperbilirubinemic infants may have pharmacokinetic significance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031216"}
{"pmid": "1031217", "title": "Inhibitory action of aliphatic alcohols on smooth muscle contraction.", "content": "Inhibitory action of aliphatic alcohols on smooth muscle contraction. The addition of 0.05-0.20 mM CaCl2 to the isolated guinea pig ileum immersed in a depolarizing (excess potassium), and calcium-free Tyrode solution produces a dose-related contraction, which is reversibly blocked by aliphatic alcohols of low molecular weight. The inhibitory potency of the alcohols increases with the length of their carbon chain, and may be due to an interference with the movement of calcium across the smooth muscle cell membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031217"}
{"pmid": "1031232", "title": "Spermatogenesis in free living mite, Pergamasus viator Halaŝ. (Parasitidae, Mesostigmata). II. Spermiogenesis.", "content": "Spermatogenesis in free living mite, Pergamasus viator Halaŝ. (Parasitidae, Mesostigmata). II. Spermiogenesis. The paper presents the results of ultrastructural studies on the spermiogenesis in the mite, Pergamasus viator Halaŝkova. The cysts containing 16 spermatids per cyst, are localized in the anterior part of the saccular gonad. The process of spermatid maturation has been divided into three stages: of the early spermatid, middle spermatid and late spermatid. The modifications of spermatid occuring during the spermiogenesis include: a change of cell shape, modifications of its organelles and formation of new structures like the superficial layer of cellular processes, striated bodies, granular bodies, flattened cisternae and canaliculi, central canaliculi, and stiff bands. Within the nucleus the chromatin condenses to threads or lamellae, to form subsequently several electron-dense granules. The remaining nucleoplasm is filled with an electron-dense material, which appears in the middle spermatid and gradually accumulates. The above modifications occuring in the course of spermiogenesis and their relation to the data available from the literature concerning the spermatogenesis of allied groups of animals are discussed in length.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031232"}
{"pmid": "1031234", "title": "Comparative histochemical observations on the steroid-synthesizing cellular sites in the testes of nonmammalian vertebrates.", "content": "Comparative histochemical observations on the steroid-synthesizing cellular sites in the testes of nonmammalian vertebrates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031234"}
{"pmid": "1031236", "title": "Histology and seasonal changes in the testes of a hill-stream fish Schizothorax plagiostomus.", "content": "Histology and seasonal changes in the testes of a hill-stream fish Schizothorax plagiostomus. Histology and annual cyclic changes in the testicular activity of S. plagiostomus have been described. The reproductive cycle has been divided into eight phases. The weight and volume of the testes and GSI show correlation with each other, and increase twice in a year (September and March), indicating the existence of two spawning periods. A distinct dormant period during winter intervenes the spawning peaks. Although the testes contain mature spermatozoa during winter, spermiation remains halted until last week of February. On the return of favourable environmental conditions in March, spermiation begins again and complete depletion takes place.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031236"}
{"pmid": "1031233", "title": "Neuroendocrine organs of the lemon-butterfly, Papilio demoleus L. II. The corpora cardiaca-allata complex of the adult.", "content": "Neuroendocrine organs of the lemon-butterfly, Papilio demoleus L. II. The corpora cardiaca-allata complex of the adult. The retrocerebral endocrine organs of the adult lemon-butterfly; Papilio demoleus have been described. The organs are subaortic lying closely behind the brain. While the nervi corporis cardiaci I (NCCI) originate from the protocerebrum of the brain, the NCCII seem to take their origin in the tritocerebrum in common with another nerve named earlier as the tegumentary nerve. The corpora cardiaca (CC) and corpora allata (CA) are closely approximated to each other obliterating the nervi corporis allati (NCA) which are conspicuous in the larva of the same species. An intercardiacal bridge (ICB) connects the CC of the two sides and acts as a possible centre of distribution for the neurosecretory material (NSM) to the gut. Histological evidence suggests that the NSM inside the CC remains intraaxonal without being primarily unloaded in the organs for storage. The intrinsic secretory cell of the CC are intimately associated with the neurosecretory fibres from the brain and bear fairly thick axons. No NSM could be detected in the CA of this insect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031233"}
{"pmid": "1031235", "title": "The effect of carbofuran-toxication on the chloragogen tissue of Tubifex tubifex Müll. (Oligochaeta).", "content": "The effect of carbofuran-toxication on the chloragogen tissue of Tubifex tubifex Müll. (Oligochaeta). Chloragogen cells, subserving ion exchange and electron accepting functions, were studied in Tubifex tubifex after insecticide treatment. Chloragogen cells were strongly influenced by in vivo carbofuran poisoning. The first alterations in the chloragogen cells became activated, both the formation and release of the chloragosomes reached a high rate. The released chloragosomes were phagocytosed by the amoebocytes. At an advanced stage of the toxication a heavy loading of the apical cytoplasm of chloragogen cells with lipid droplets, finally degenerative changes both in the chloragogen cells and amoebocytes were observed. Possible mechanisms of the carbofuran toxication and of the protective function of chloragogen cells in T. tubifex are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031235"}
{"pmid": "1031237", "title": "An electron microscope cytochemical study of calcium ion localization in the honey-bee flight muscle.", "content": "An electron microscope cytochemical study of calcium ion localization in the honey-bee flight muscle. The authors studied the sarcomere ultrastructure and distribution of calcium ions in the cross striated flight muscles (longitudinal-dorsal and tergosternal) of the honey bee after being fixed in osmium tetraoxide and buffered to 7.4 pH and also according to the method of Carasso and Favard (1966). they ascertained an intensive and constant reaction to the presence of calcium on the level of myofilaments within the periphery of the sarcomeres and light and dark mitochondria. Calcium concentrations are not detectable in the Z line and M line. The authors carried out a control of the results using the method of Carasso and Favard (1966).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031237"}
{"pmid": "1031238", "title": "Efferent connections of the nucleus lateralis posterior-pulvinar complex in the cat.", "content": "Efferent connections of the nucleus lateralis posterior-pulvinar complex in the cat. The nucleus lateralis posterior-pulvinar complex of the thalamus displays an integrative function. The efferent connections of this nuclear group were examined by the authors in the cat. In their work, they utilized also the earlier observations on the afferent connections of the nucleus. The nuclear complex projects to the associative fields encompassed by the visual- and the acoustic cortex without intruding into the primary cortical areas. On the other hand, its afferent connections are, apart from the associative field, also yielded by the primary visual and acoustic cortex. All this is completed by the reciprocal connections of the LP-pulvinar complex with the visual- and acoustic system, as well as between the associative areas of the cortex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031238"}
{"pmid": "1031239", "title": "The relationship between heat production and body temperature in the new-born and the adult guinea pig after termination of exposure to hypoxia and hypercapnia: with notes on body weight vs. body surface as the frame of reference.", "content": "The relationship between heat production and body temperature in the new-born and the adult guinea pig after termination of exposure to hypoxia and hypercapnia: with notes on body weight vs. body surface as the frame of reference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031239"}
{"pmid": "1031240", "title": "The central effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine, gamma-amino-butyric acid and carbachol on thermoregulation in the neonatal guinea pig.", "content": "The central effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine, gamma-amino-butyric acid and carbachol on thermoregulation in the neonatal guinea pig. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (10 microgram), gamma-amino-butyric acid (20 microgram) and carbachol (1 microgram) were injected through the soft skull into the lateral cerebral ventricle of guinea pigs aged 2 to 12 days, at the slightly subneutral ambient temperature of 30 degrees C. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) produced no immediate change in oxygen consumption, whereas colonic temperature fell rapidly. One hour after injecting 5-HT, when colonic temperature had decreased by about 0.5 degrees C, oxygen consumption increased and after a lag of 30--40 min was followed by an increase in colonic temperature. Gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) increased oxygen consumption and colonic temperature after a latency of 30--60 min. Carbachol was followed by an immediate decrease in colonic temperature and oxygen consumption. Colonic temperature was below the pre-injection level throughout the five-hour period of observation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031240"}
{"pmid": "1031242", "title": "Effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on the positive inotropic response of heart muscle to elevation of external Ca++-concentration, to increased driving frequency, and to paired stimulation.", "content": "Effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on the positive inotropic response of heart muscle to elevation of external Ca++-concentration, to increased driving frequency, and to paired stimulation. Electrically driven left guinea pig atria were exposed to positive inotropic stimuli which are thought to be related to the turnover of calcium ions. For increasing contractibility, the following procedures were used: a) varying the concentration of CaCl2 in the bath fluid; b) stimulation at frequencies from 1.0 to 3.0 Hz; c) paired stimulation. Positive inotropic responses to the increase of the rate of stimulation and to paired stimulation were not affected by 0.1 microgram/ml tetrodotoxin (TTX). This excludes the adrenergic contribution to the positive inotropic effects observed. Actions of the positive inotropic stimuli were studied both in the absence and in the presence of 0.1--1.0--10.0--1000.0 ng/ml of PGE1-PGE1 in the highest concentration used increased contractile force. The inotropic stimulus-response curves were not affected by PGE1 at any concentration. This finding suggests there is no interaction between Ca ions and PGE1 in the contractile mechanism of the guinea pig heart muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031242"}
{"pmid": "1031241", "title": "The central effect of noradrenaline on thermoregulation in the neonatal guinea pig.", "content": "The central effect of noradrenaline on thermoregulation in the neonatal guinea pig. Noradrenaline (10 microgram) injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle of guinea pigs aged 2 to 12 days produced a rapid increase in oxygen consumption and in colonic temperature at an ambient temperature of 30 degrees C. The increase was most pronounced in the youngest animals and decreased with advancing age, but was still significant at 12 days of age. Species differences and the role of ambient temperature in the responses are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031241"}
{"pmid": "1031243", "title": "Factors influencing the urinary fluoride level in subjects drinking fluoride-poor waters.", "content": "Factors influencing the urinary fluoride level in subjects drinking fluoride-poor waters. The influence on the urinary F level of the short-term consumption of drinking water of 1 mg/litre fluoride content, of the ingestion of low (1.0 to 2.0 mg) and higher (7.0 and 8.0 mg) fluoride doses and of tea has been studied. Excess fluoride is rapidly excreted with urine, and may disturb the results of urinary fluoride estimation. The urinary F level responds sensitively to the ingestion of fluorine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031243"}
{"pmid": "1031244", "title": "Effect of drinking waters of high fluorine content on the urinary fluoride level.", "content": "Effect of drinking waters of high fluorine content on the urinary fluoride level. The urinary fluoride level has been studied in 307 subjects consuming drinking waters of different fluoride concentrations. The urinary fluoride level was found to increase with the fluoride content of the drinking water. The urinary F level of the population group drinking water of optimum fluoride concentration was 1.14 mg of fluoride per litre. Thus, in regions where the drinking water contains an insufficient amount of fluoride, the fluoride content of domestic salt must be adjusted so as to ensure an about 1.14 mg/litre urinary F level of the population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031244"}
{"pmid": "1031245", "title": "Urinary fluoride levels of population groups consuming salts different in fluoride concentration.", "content": "Urinary fluoride levels of population groups consuming salts different in fluoride concentration. The effect of urinary level of a prolonged consumption of table salts containing 200, 250 or 350 mg/kg of fluoride has been studied. Urinary F concentration was increasing with all the three kinds of salt. In the group of consumers using 200 and 250 mg F/kg salt the equilibrium has been reached, but the urinary F level was still below that observed in populations who are drinking water of 1 mg/l F concentration. The equilibrium in the 2--14-year age groups consuming 350 mg F/kg salt could not yet set in. It is concluded that even a mixture of 350 mg F/kg is not in excess of the optimum and is far from the tolerated limit. Thus, this latter mixture may be used for caries prevention in areas with F-deficient drinking water, although it may be still less than the optimum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031245"}
{"pmid": "1031246", "title": "Concentration dependence of the veratrine effect on inducing depolarization and membrane potential oscillation in skeletal muscle.", "content": "Concentration dependence of the veratrine effect on inducing depolarization and membrane potential oscillation in skeletal muscle. The concentration dependence of the effect of veratrine in inducing depolarization and membrane potential oscillation in the frog sartorius muscle has been studied. (1) On increasing the veratrine concentration from 0.025 to 1 mM, the latency period of the development of membrane potential oscillation and depolarization is proportionally shortened. (2) On changing the veratrine concentration from 0.025 to 1 mM, the magnitude of depolarization is raised logarithmically. (3) When the veratrine concentration reaches 0.05-0.1 mM, both the amplitude and the frequency of the membrane potential oscillation increase. On rising to 1 mM, a further increase in frequency to eight-fold occurs especially in the later phase of oscillation. At this concentration range, the amplitude of oscillation inversely proportional to the concentration of veratrine. (4) On increasing the veratrine concentration above 0.1 mM, the membrane potential oscillation ceases after a temporary rise of frequency. This inhibitory effect of veratrine is, however, reversible, and oscillations appear again, despite the absence of veratrine in Ringer's solution. This also proves the persistance of the veratrine effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031246"}
{"pmid": "1031247", "title": "Effect of intraventricular oxytocin and vasopressin on self-stimulation in rats.", "content": "Effect of intraventricular oxytocin and vasopressin on self-stimulation in rats. Oxytocin (500 mu u) and vasopressin (50 mu u) were injected into the lateral ventricle and its effect on hypothalamic self-stimulation has been studied. Oxytocin increased, while vasopressin decreased the self-stimulation rate tested 10-20 min following application. The hypothalamic and mesencephalic serotonin content decreased slightly while plasma corticosterone content did not change 20 min after oxytocin and vasopressin administration compared to the injected control animals. The data suggest that vasopressin and oxytocin have an opposite effect on self-stimulation and this action is not mediated through the brain serotoninergic or pituitary-adrenocortical axis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031247"}
{"pmid": "1031249", "title": "Studies on Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae carriership in large pig herds.", "content": "Studies on Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae carriership in large pig herds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031249"}
{"pmid": "1031250", "title": "The effect of urethane (ethylcarbamate) on the reproduction of Trypanosoma equiperdum.", "content": "The effect of urethane (ethylcarbamate) on the reproduction of Trypanosoma equiperdum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031250"}
{"pmid": "1031251", "title": "On the pharmacokinetics of sulphonamide + trimethoprim combination orally administered to geese.", "content": "On the pharmacokinetics of sulphonamide + trimethoprim combination orally administered to geese.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031251"}
{"pmid": "1031252", "title": "Data on the developmental cycle of Philometra obturans (Pregnant, 1886) (Nematoda: Phlometridae).", "content": "Data on the developmental cycle of Philometra obturans (Pregnant, 1886) (Nematoda: Phlometridae).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031252"}
{"pmid": "1031253", "title": "Influence of enthalpy and air humidity on heat equilibrium and heat production in fattening pigs.", "content": "Influence of enthalpy and air humidity on heat equilibrium and heat production in fattening pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031253"}
{"pmid": "1031254", "title": "Attempts for immunization of partridges (Perdix perdix) against Newcastle disease.", "content": "Attempts for immunization of partridges (Perdix perdix) against Newcastle disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031254"}
{"pmid": "1031255", "title": "Studies on the correlation between the results of the haemagglutination-inhibition test and the immunity against Newcastle disease.", "content": "Studies on the correlation between the results of the haemagglutination-inhibition test and the immunity against Newcastle disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031255"}
{"pmid": "1031256", "title": "Effect of dietary nitrogen level on electrolyte and water metabolism in sheep. K+ metabolism II.", "content": "Effect of dietary nitrogen level on electrolyte and water metabolism in sheep. K+ metabolism II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031256"}
{"pmid": "1031336", "title": "Low vision aids in the management of visual handicap.", "content": "Low vision aids in the management of visual handicap.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031336"}
{"pmid": "1031337", "title": "Benign adenomatous neoplasm (adenoma) of the middle ear.", "content": "Benign adenomatous neoplasm (adenoma) of the middle ear. This presentation is a study of the pathogenesis, clinical behaviour and therapeutic response of 20 cases of a primary adenomatous neoplasm confined to the middle ear cleft. The investigation supported origin of the tumour from the middle ear mucosal epithelium. Clinical behaviour was that of a benign, localized, non-metastasizing neoplasm. Simple localized surgical removal of the tumour afforded an excellent prognosis in all cases. The designation of the tumour entity as adenoma of middle ear is proposed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031337"}
{"pmid": "1031338", "title": "Aspirin idiosyncrasy in patients admitted for nasal polypectomy.", "content": "Aspirin idiosyncrasy in patients admitted for nasal polypectomy. Investigation of 100 consecutive patients admitted for nasal polypectomy revealed only 3 patients with aspirin idiosyncrasy and asthma. It is important that this combination be recognized but fortunately this can be done by the history. Incidental findings were that nasal polypi are much commoner in men and that the incidence of atopy was the same as that in the general population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031338"}
{"pmid": "1031339", "title": "Anaesthesia for electrocochleography.", "content": "Anaesthesia for electrocochleography. Until recently Ketamine has been the anaesthetic most commonly used for electrocochleography. It was believed that the use of a conventional anaesthetic machine would produce artifacts in the recordings but experience has shown that this is not the case; in fact quieter tracings are obtained due to the abolition of muscle potentials. Ketamine is preferred for children under 3 years old but the others receive a general inhalation anaesthetic. The intramuscular route is chosen for the administration of Ketamine in order to minimize the occurrence of hallucinations in the recovery period. Consistent results have been obtained with a dosage related to the metabolic rate of the child. One milligram of Ketamine is administered for each 35 cm2 of surface area. General inhalation anaesthesia is given by a semiopen circuit and an oral endotracheal tube is used. Induction is with methohexitone or nitrous oxide and halothane, and maintenance is also with nitrous oxide and halothane. The main drawback is pollution of the atmosphere of the sound-proofed testing room with halothane. This has been overcome by ducting the expired gases outside the room using an Enderby valve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031339"}
{"pmid": "1031340", "title": "Nasal polypi.", "content": "Nasal polypi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031340"}
{"pmid": "1031341", "title": "Radiological bone changes produced by intraoral squamous carcinomata involving the lower alveolus.", "content": "Radiological bone changes produced by intraoral squamous carcinomata involving the lower alveolus. Forty-eight per cent of patients with clinical involvement of the lower alveolus by an intraoral squamous carcinoma showed radiological evidence of bone involvement. This was usually an irregular invasive bone defect, but a smooth pressure erosion is also common. 'Floating teeth', displaced bony fragments, pathological fractures, and rarely an expanded inferior canal are less common radiological signs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031341"}
{"pmid": "1031343", "title": "What's wrong with British ENT?", "content": "What's wrong with British ENT?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031343"}
{"pmid": "1031342", "title": "Myringoplasty.", "content": "Myringoplasty. Myringoplasty is a deceptively difficult procedure in which surgical finesse and experience dictate success in terms of hearing improvement as well as closure rate. In essence, it is the complete removal of epidermal ingrowth followed by the placement of a non-epithelialized graft on the medial surface of the tympanic membrane which has withstood the test of time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031342"}
{"pmid": "1031344", "title": "Functional laryngectomy (cricohyoidopexy).", "content": "Functional laryngectomy (cricohyoidopexy). Two techniques of subtotal functional laryngectomy are described: cricohyoidopexy which is used for supraglottic tumours, and cricohyoidoepiglottopexy for glottic tumours. These operations have been carried out on 61 patients, with tumours too extensive to be managed by the usual partial laryngectomy. The functional results are good, and 94% of the patients have been decannulated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031344"}
{"pmid": "1031346", "title": "Chronic laryngitis.", "content": "Chronic laryngitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031346"}
{"pmid": "1031345", "title": "Standard forms for results of audiometry: British Society of Audiology.", "content": "Standard forms for results of audiometry: British Society of Audiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031345"}
{"pmid": "1031347", "title": "Radiology in the diagnosis of acoustic neuroma.", "content": "Radiology in the diagnosis of acoustic neuroma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031347"}
{"pmid": "1031348", "title": "Observations on the stria vascularis of the guinea pig cochlea and the changes resulting from the administration of the diuretic furosemide.", "content": "Observations on the stria vascularis of the guinea pig cochlea and the changes resulting from the administration of the diuretic furosemide. An electron microscope examination of the stria vascularis of guinea pigs and the structural changes occurring after administration of furosemide has been made. The use of ruthenium-red, which stains cell coats, has shown that the atria is impermeable to the passive diffusion of material from both the endolymph and the spiral ligament. The first changes after administration of furosemide are observed 4 hours after injection; small spaces develop between the cells. After 5--6 hours the spaces have enlarged but the tight junctions between marginal cells remain intact. The intermediate cells show signs of atrophy. In severely affected animals the intermediate cells have so shrunk that the spaces are very large and the marginal cells clearly resolved. These latter cells show no structural damage. In this severely affected tissue it is seen that the blood vessels are entirely surrounded by marginal cell extensions. It is suggested that the intermediate cells may have a regulatory function. The damage appears to be recoverable, since 6 hours after injection the spaces have decreased in size although some signs of intermediate cell atrophy are still apparent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031348"}
{"pmid": "1031349", "title": "Multiple sclerosis. The value of clinical vestibular examination.", "content": "Multiple sclerosis. The value of clinical vestibular examination. A clinical vestibular examination was carried out on 82 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) selected on McAlpine's criteria. Spontaneous nystagmus, positional nystagmus or pathological caloric test were found in 49 (60%) patients. Pathological horizontal optokinetic nystagmus occurred in 47 (57%) patients. In 36 cases horizontal optokinetic nystagmus was pathological to both sides, in 28 cases combined with a pathological vertical optokinetic nystagmus, indicative of diffuse intracerebral lesions. Lesions in the central vestibular system and in the optokinetic pathways were frequently discovered in early or atypical cases of MS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031349"}
{"pmid": "1031350", "title": "A facial fatigability test: a method for detecting 'latent' facial motor lesions by fatigability.", "content": "A facial fatigability test: a method for detecting 'latent' facial motor lesions by fatigability. This is a simple test for the early recognition of a clinically 'latent' facial motor lesion, which detects the difference in fatigability between the two sides of the peri-oral musculature. Fatigue is produced by the patient's effort to maintain maximal contraction against lateral traction of the angles of the mouth by two weighted hooks. Fatigue is expressed as the distance between the midline of the philtrum and a mark on each hook. Distance plotted against time gives a 'facial fatigue curve'. In the authors ' experience the test has revealed pathological fatigability in 8 cases, 2 intrameatal and 4 large acoustic neuromas--1 of the four not yet confirmed by surgery--and 2 inflammatory processes in the internal auditory meatus, but failed in 1 of intrameatal acoustic neuroma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031350"}
{"pmid": "1031351", "title": "Pulmonary complications following supraglottic laryngectomy.", "content": "Pulmonary complications following supraglottic laryngectomy. Supraglottic laryngectomy has been generally assumed to protect the patient from aspiration changes in the lungs. This paper details a retrospective survey, the results of which suggest that respiratory infections are common after supraglottic laryngectomy and that pneumonia is a fairly common cause of death. The need for prolonged follow-up after this operation is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031351"}
{"pmid": "1031352", "title": "Age-dependent distribution of isoamylases in human parotid saliva.", "content": "Age-dependent distribution of isoamylases in human parotid saliva. The number of isoamylases present in parotid saliva from 53 healthy men and women of different ages was determined. A basic pattern of 6 isoamylases was evident in all samples. With increasing age, an increasing number of additional isoenzymes was observed which migrated faster towards the anode. These 'fast isoamylases' are derived from the basic isoenzymes by deamidation. The significance of deamidation of proteins as age increases as well as the increasing number of 'fast isoamylases' in saliva from mucoviscidosis patients are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031352"}
{"pmid": "1031353", "title": "A quantitative study of microscopical changes in the epithelium and subepithelial tissue of the laryngeal folds, sinus and saccule.", "content": "A quantitative study of microscopical changes in the epithelium and subepithelial tissue of the laryngeal folds, sinus and saccule. The folds, sinuses and saccules from III unselected larynxs removed at autopsy were examined microscopically for epithelial and subepithelial abnormalities. Squamous metaplasia and 'dysplasia' of the vestibular and vocal folds respectively, particularly the former, were commoner in men than women. Two distinct varieties of 'dysplasia' were observed, and the close relationship between 1 of them and changes, possibly of vascular origin, in the subepithelial tissues of the vocal fold suggested cause and effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031353"}
{"pmid": "1031354", "title": "The aetiology of chronic laryngitis.", "content": "The aetiology of chronic laryngitis. Fifty-eight patients with chronic laryngitis, defined as diffuse laryngeal inflammation, of an average duration of approximately 1 year, were investigated. The sex incidence was equal and the average age 45 years. Occupational factors were of minor importance, and the smoking habits of the patients were the same as those of a similar matched population. Of the haematological factors investigated, anaemia, diabetes, renal disease and syphilis were of no importance whatsoever. The most important aetiological factor was sepsis of the upper and lower respiratory tracts which was present in over half the patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031354"}
{"pmid": "1031355", "title": "Carcinoma in situ of the larynx--an unsatisfactory diagnosis.", "content": "Carcinoma in situ of the larynx--an unsatisfactory diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031355"}
{"pmid": "1031356", "title": "Radical neck dissection.", "content": "Radical neck dissection. Radical neck dissection was described in 1906, and the following half century saw it being increasingly accepted without any significant change. More recently a number of differing concepts have arisen. While the value of the original radical operation is established, the more recent modifications are not yet substantiated by proper trials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031356"}
{"pmid": "1031357", "title": "Research.", "content": "Research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031357"}
{"pmid": "1031358", "title": "Multiple papillomatosis of the larynx in children.", "content": "Multiple papillomatosis of the larynx in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031358"}
{"pmid": "1031359", "title": "'Fast isoamylases' in parotid saliva of heterozygous carriers of cystic fibrosis.", "content": "'Fast isoamylases' in parotid saliva of heterozygous carriers of cystic fibrosis. An increased number of 'fast isoamylases' is found in the parotid saliva of children with cystic fibrosis and their heterozygous parents who are clinically healthy. 'Fast isoamylases' are generated, at least in part, from the 6 isoamylases of the basic pattern by deamidation of asparagine and glutamine residues. This basic pattern is present in the parotid saliva of all subjects we have tested so far. A shift in the equilibrium between amidation and deamidation processes is discussed in terms of its possible significance for the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis and for ageing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031359"}
{"pmid": "1031360", "title": "Upper respiratory problems in the yellow nail syndrome.", "content": "Upper respiratory problems in the yellow nail syndrome. A case of the Yellow Nail Syndrome is described. The characteristic nail changes were associated with pleural effusions, lymphoedema of the face and legs and upper respiratory symptoms. The finding of extremely hard ear wax has not been reported previously. A satisfactory response to combination diuretic therapy was seen. The case of recognition of the Syndrome is emphasized together with the danger of excessive investigation if the nails are not inspected. Possible mechanisms for the formation of extremely hard cerumen are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031360"}
{"pmid": "1031362", "title": "Dynamic cardiac scintigraphy with a multi-imaging device.", "content": "Dynamic cardiac scintigraphy with a multi-imaging device. Cardiac kinetics can be visualized in two ways after i.v. injection of radiopharmaceutics for labeling either the myocardium or the cardiac chambers. The simpler way is the acquisition of the data in analog mode, using a multiimaging device. Thanks to a short time constant for the image advance, the cardiac cycle is divided into 16 frames, the first being triggered by the R wave of the ECG. The data of a large number of synchronized cycles are integrated on a film. This permits an almost continuous way to follow the kinetics of the studied compartments along the cycle. Several views can be registered successively. This procedure yields separately immediate information on the morphology and dynamics of the myocardium, and chambers. To evaluate quantitatively various parameters of left ventricular function a data processor is connected to the gamma camera. Examples of the two types of data are shown and demonstrate that both are useful for appreciating the value of kinetics though they are not yet accurate enough to replace in every case contrast radiologic techniques. Nevertheless, the indications for these procedures are continuously growing, due to technical progresses and the noninvasive nature of the investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031362"}
{"pmid": "1031363", "title": "Myocardial scintigraphy.", "content": "Myocardial scintigraphy. Results of myocardial scintigraphy in 103 individuals are reported. This test method was introduced by the authors in 1973; 131Cs chloride served the purpose of tracer. Beside a group of 17 control individuals, 63 patients with myocardial infarction, 9 with myocardiosclerosis, and 14 with other affections were tested. The normal scintigram in full-face, profile, and left half-profile positions of the patient is first described, then the typical picture of these same positions in infarctions with anterior and posterior localizations, and also in myocardiosclerosis of various origin. The valuableness of the new radioisotope test method has been duly stressed. It affords direct and precise information about the localization and the extensiveness of the morbid process which has led to cicatricial alterations in the heart muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031363"}
{"pmid": "1031366", "title": "A simple method of evaluating the penetrability of Spitz-Holter drains with the aid of radioisotopes.", "content": "A simple method of evaluating the penetrability of Spitz-Holter drains with the aid of radioisotopes. A simple, reliable, and innocuous method is described for evaluating the penetrability of cerebrospinal shunts with the use of 99mTc O4. After introducing 25 muCi of 99mTc O4 in a volume of about 0.2 ml into Rickham's reservoir, series scintigrams in the lateral or AP direction are made with the aid of a Nuclear Chicago Pho Gamma HP Scintillation Camera. The results are in satisfactory agreement with the surgical findings. No complications have so far been observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031366"}
{"pmid": "1031369", "title": "99mTc-Sn-acetylcysteine: a new renal scanning agent.", "content": "99mTc-Sn-acetylcysteine: a new renal scanning agent. A new radiopharmaceutical, 99mTc-Sn-acetylcysteine, for renal scanning is reported. The preparation is simple and quick. It can also be adopted in the kit form. The complex has the advantage of great stability and fast clearance over earlier reported renal scanning radioagnostic agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031369"}
{"pmid": "1031364", "title": "Pertechnetate uptake of joints in rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Pertechnetate uptake of joints in rheumatoid arthritis. A new isotopic method for evaluation of inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis is reported. By use of repeated whole body profile scanning a double tracer examination with 99mTc-pertechnetate and 113mIn-transferrin was performed. Total pertechnetate activity and total indium activity were measured over both hands, both feet, the ankles, and over the knee joints. In addition, the extravascular component of pertechnetate uptake and the ratio extravascular/total pertechnetate activity were calculated for these regions. The activity curves were followed up to 2 h after tracer injection in seven female patients presenting with rheumatoid arthritis and in six female controls. The four parameters calculated were compared and statistical analysis revealed the most significant discrimination of both groups for the ratio extravascular/total pertechnetate activity 2 h after injection (P less than 0.002).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031364"}
{"pmid": "1031367", "title": "Comparative evaluation of 99mTc-generators.", "content": "Comparative evaluation of 99mTc-generators. A total of 34 99mTc-generators from eight different manufactures were studied in 1974 and 1975 with regard to their performance and to the quality of the eluates. With some exceptions the generators performed well and proved their ability to act as a reliable source of 99mTc-pertechnetate. Two cases of mechanical malfunction and two cases with a low elution yield of 99mTc were observed. Four generators were overloaded with 99Mo. The 99mTc-pertechnetate did in most cases fulfil the requirements of the Nordic Pharmacopeia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031367"}
{"pmid": "1031365", "title": "The use of technetium-99m labelled heat-damaged red cells for the quantitative measurement of splenic function.", "content": "The use of technetium-99m labelled heat-damaged red cells for the quantitative measurement of splenic function. A comparison of the rates of clearance of 51Cr labelled and 99mTc labelled heat-damaged red cells in 25 patients and 4 control subjects is reported. Very little correlation was found between the clearance half-times of the two types of labelled cells when the cells were labelled with 99mTc prior to heat damaging. The correlation was improved when the labelling step occurred after the cells had been damaged. Urinary excretion measurements revealed that the rate of excretion of 99mTc could be as much as nine times that of the 51Cr label. 99mTc labelled heat-damaged red cells were found not to be sufficiently stable a preparation for use in quantitative clearance studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031365"}
{"pmid": "1031372", "title": "Enhancement of abnormality in gamma images using Kohonen filters.", "content": "Enhancement of abnormality in gamma images using Kohonen filters. A new method of processing digital images consists of a numerical filter which suppresses normal features producing an enhancement of the abnormality. The resulting filtered image aids the observer in the recognition of the abnormality. The filter is developed from verified normal images in the computer memory. The enhancement of pathologic accumulations with respect to surrounding activity was improved on the average by a factor of 2.6 for 13 lateral brain images.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031372"}
{"pmid": "1031370", "title": "Radio diagnosis using 125I-fibrinogen and 203Hg-thymidine.", "content": "Radio diagnosis using 125I-fibrinogen and 203Hg-thymidine. A comparative study of 125I-fibrinogen and 203Hg-thymidine using 144 Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice, indicates that tumor affinity of carrier substances with covalent labeling could be better used for scintigraphic tumor diagnosis. Halogenated or possibly metallo-organic compounds offer an alternative to the metal complexes in general use up to now.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031370"}
{"pmid": "1031371", "title": "Nicotine-11C: synthesis and distribution kinetics in animals.", "content": "Nicotine-11C: synthesis and distribution kinetics in animals. In order to study \"in vivo\" the distribution kinetics of (-)-nicotine in animals, this molecule was labeled with carbon-11. Two synthesis methods are described. Immediately after intravenous administration of (-)-nicotine-methyl-11C in rabbits the gamma-camera shows a strong radioactivity build-up in the brain and kidneys. The biological interest of this carbon-11 labeled molecule is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031371"}
{"pmid": "1031374", "title": "An unusual case of typhoid fever.", "content": "An unusual case of typhoid fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031374"}
{"pmid": "1031373", "title": "The effect of agar media on the in vitro susceptibility of Candida species to polyene antibiotics.", "content": "The effect of agar media on the in vitro susceptibility of Candida species to polyene antibiotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031373"}
{"pmid": "1031375", "title": "Hereditary spherocytic anemia--report of 54 cases.", "content": "Hereditary spherocytic anemia--report of 54 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031375"}
{"pmid": "1031376", "title": "Cystic tuberculosis of patella.", "content": "Cystic tuberculosis of patella.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031376"}
{"pmid": "1031377", "title": "Aetiology of Indian childhood cirrhosis: a new hypothesis.", "content": "Aetiology of Indian childhood cirrhosis: a new hypothesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031377"}
{"pmid": "1031368", "title": "Studies of chemical and biological properties of 99mTc-DMS (dimercaptosuccinic acid)--renal imaging agent.", "content": "Studies of chemical and biological properties of 99mTc-DMS (dimercaptosuccinic acid)--renal imaging agent. Studies of the chemistry of preparation of tin chelate 2.3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMS) complexed with 99mTc with respect to its biological properties have been made. We have varied molar ratio of reactants (DMS:Sn/II/), concentration of Sn-DMS chelate and pH of 99mTc-DMS injection solution and examined their influence on biodistribution. Biodynamics of labeled solution at time intervals of from 0.5 to 4 h have also been measured. Animal experiments were carried out on mice and rats. Radiochemical purity was checked by paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and gel-filtration through Bio-Gel P-2. A sterile, pyrogen-free lyophilized \"kit\" for labeling, stable for 6 months, was made on the basis of achieved results. The results of its clinical application are also reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031368"}
{"pmid": "1031379", "title": "A survey of fungi from eye patients in Lucknow.", "content": "A survey of fungi from eye patients in Lucknow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031379"}
{"pmid": "1031378", "title": "Diabetes and rheumatoid factor.", "content": "Diabetes and rheumatoid factor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031378"}
{"pmid": "1031380", "title": "Retinal abnormalities in albino rats.", "content": "Retinal abnormalities in albino rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031380"}
{"pmid": "1031381", "title": "Lymphoid pseudotumours or pseudolymphomas of the orbit.", "content": "Lymphoid pseudotumours or pseudolymphomas of the orbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031381"}
{"pmid": "1031382", "title": "Angiomatous implantation cyst of the conjunctiva.", "content": "Angiomatous implantation cyst of the conjunctiva.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031382"}
{"pmid": "1031383", "title": "Enterobius vermicularis in the human conjunctival sac.", "content": "Enterobius vermicularis in the human conjunctival sac.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031383"}
{"pmid": "1031384", "title": "Orbital lymphangioma (regression with corticosteroids).", "content": "Orbital lymphangioma (regression with corticosteroids).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031384"}
{"pmid": "1031385", "title": "Complicated microphthalmos.", "content": "Complicated microphthalmos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031385"}
{"pmid": "1031386", "title": "Role of optometrist in ophthalmic practice.", "content": "Role of optometrist in ophthalmic practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031386"}
{"pmid": "1031388", "title": "Pinguecula and pterygium (a histopathological study).", "content": "Pinguecula and pterygium (a histopathological study).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031388"}
{"pmid": "1031387", "title": "Free amino acids in cataractous lenses.", "content": "Free amino acids in cataractous lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031387"}
{"pmid": "1031389", "title": "Marginal keratitis produced by phthirus pubes.", "content": "Marginal keratitis produced by phthirus pubes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031389"}
{"pmid": "1031390", "title": "An accessory optic disc.", "content": "An accessory optic disc.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031390"}
{"pmid": "1031391", "title": "Pseudoxanthoma elasticum--a case report.", "content": "Pseudoxanthoma elasticum--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031391"}
{"pmid": "1031392", "title": "Dacryocystography and surgery in pseudo sac.", "content": "Dacryocystography and surgery in pseudo sac.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031392"}
{"pmid": "1031394", "title": "Unilateral proptosis due to fibrous dysplasia.", "content": "Unilateral proptosis due to fibrous dysplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031394"}
{"pmid": "1031393", "title": "Raised intraocular tension following the use of alpha-chymotrypsin in cataract surgery.", "content": "Raised intraocular tension following the use of alpha-chymotrypsin in cataract surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031393"}
{"pmid": "1031395", "title": "Ketamine and intraocular pressure.", "content": "Ketamine and intraocular pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031395"}
{"pmid": "1031396", "title": "Mycotic flora of trachomatous conjunctiva.", "content": "Mycotic flora of trachomatous conjunctiva.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031396"}
{"pmid": "1031398", "title": "Anisometropic amblyopia.", "content": "Anisometropic amblyopia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031398"}
{"pmid": "1031399", "title": "Ocular injuries due to caterpillar hairs.", "content": "Ocular injuries due to caterpillar hairs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031399"}
{"pmid": "1031397", "title": "Peripheral nerve tumours of the orbit.", "content": "Peripheral nerve tumours of the orbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031397"}
{"pmid": "1031401", "title": "Hydatid cyst of the orbit.", "content": "Hydatid cyst of the orbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031401"}
{"pmid": "1031400", "title": "Orbital fibrous dysplasia.", "content": "Orbital fibrous dysplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031400"}
{"pmid": "1031402", "title": "Bilateral medial rectus palsy due to nuclear involvement in closed head injury (a case report).", "content": "Bilateral medial rectus palsy due to nuclear involvement in closed head injury (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031402"}
{"pmid": "1031403", "title": "Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.", "content": "Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031403"}
{"pmid": "1031404", "title": "Dacryocystography and lacrimal probing in cases of congenital obstruction of nasolacrimal duct.", "content": "Dacryocystography and lacrimal probing in cases of congenital obstruction of nasolacrimal duct.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031404"}
{"pmid": "1031405", "title": "Slit lamp photography of the eye.", "content": "Slit lamp photography of the eye.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031405"}
{"pmid": "1031406", "title": "Retained foreign body in orbito-maxillary region.", "content": "Retained foreign body in orbito-maxillary region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031406"}
{"pmid": "1031407", "title": "Ophthalmic manifestations of the toxicity of ethambutol.", "content": "Ophthalmic manifestations of the toxicity of ethambutol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031407"}
{"pmid": "1031408", "title": "Fractures in haemophilia.", "content": "Fractures in haemophilia. Eight cases of fractures in haemophiliac patients are presented. The clinical and radiological features, behaviour and response to treatment indicate that they are normal, not pathological fractures. If fractures in haemophiliac patients are treated early and correctly both from a haematological and orthopaedic point of view, the results are comparable with those in normal subjects. The haematological and orthopaedic management is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031408"}
{"pmid": "1031409", "title": "External skeletal fixation with continuous adjustment of stability and compression.", "content": "External skeletal fixation with continuous adjustment of stability and compression. A method of external fixation with continuous adjustment of stability is described. It allows interfragmentary compression, even on oblique surfaces in any plane and even when applied only on one side of the bone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031409"}
{"pmid": "1031410", "title": "Bilateral posterior iliac osteotomy as a preliminary stage in the surgical treatment of exstrophia vescicae.", "content": "Bilateral posterior iliac osteotomy as a preliminary stage in the surgical treatment of exstrophia vescicae. Bilateral posterior iliac osteotomy as a preliminary stage in the surgical treatment of congenital extrophy of the bladder allows easier approximation of the soft tissues in front of the urethra and facilitates closure of the rectal muscles and fasciae, reducing or abolishing the need for using fascial strips and carrying out plastic procedures to close the skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031410"}
{"pmid": "1031411", "title": "Metacarpal loss treated by metatarsal substitution.", "content": "Metacarpal loss treated by metatarsal substitution. In the hand severe trauma and tumours are the most frequent causes of loss of bone substance in the metacarpals. To save the function of the complete digital ray repair by bone grafting is essential. A technique is described for transferring all or part of a metatarsal bone as a hemiarticular graft for substituting metacarpal bone loss.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031411"}
{"pmid": "1031413", "title": "Exposure in the post-operative management of surgical wounds. Report of a trial.", "content": "Exposure in the post-operative management of surgical wounds. Report of a trial. The ancient method of leaving operative wounds completely exposed to the air throughout the healing period is assessed on the basis of a trial in 100 surgical wounds (excluding traumatic wounds and wounds of the hand and knee). The method offers two chief advantages; the wound can be regularly and easily inspected, and any collection of secretions which can lead to skin complications and superficial sepsis can be dealt with. The results are analysed and compared favourably with those of conventional dressing techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031413"}
{"pmid": "1031415", "title": "Experimental model for studying the invasive characteristics of malignant tumours transplanted in bone and muscle of rats.", "content": "Experimental model for studying the invasive characteristics of malignant tumours transplanted in bone and muscle of rats. The subject of experimental research in bone oncology is comparatively neglected in the literature though it is recognised that such research could offer fundamental contributions to our knowledge of the biological behaviour of tumours in bone. A model for experimental study is proposed which is easy to carry out and effective in producing results. It consists of transplanting a highly malignant tumour with a 100 per cent \"take\" rate, such as Guérin's T8 or Oberling's aleukemic myeloma, in the tibia or femur of the rat. Some morphological and histochemical changes associated with the invasion and spread of these tumours in bone are reported. Observations were also made on their behaviour in muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031415"}
{"pmid": "1031414", "title": "Sympathetic disorders in obstetrical paralysis of the newborn.", "content": "Sympathetic disorders in obstetrical paralysis of the newborn. In addition to the classical description of involvement of the cervical sympathetic in low root lesions (Claude Bernard-Horner syndrome), other sympathetic syndromes have been described accompanying the motor and sensory changes in obstetrical paralysis of the upper limb. Loss of sweat secretion can be deomonstrated by electrical skin resistance tests, and the authors describe their apparatus and method of investigating this in the newborn. Although sweat secretion is often scanty in the newborn, it can be enhanced with appropriate techniques, particularly in the areas richer in sweat glands. This method of investigating sympathetic nerve function has been used to clarify the location of the neurological damage and therefore it is of some value for the prognosis in obstetrical paralysis of the newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031414"}
{"pmid": "1031412", "title": "Aneurysmal bone cyst (a study of 127 cases, 72 with longterm follow up).", "content": "Aneurysmal bone cyst (a study of 127 cases, 72 with longterm follow up). 127 cases of aneurysmal bone cyst are analysed, seventy two of which were followed up from one to fifteen years after treatment. Statistics on sex, age, site and localisation are reported. Symptoms, radiographic features, histological appearances and differential diagnosis are discussed. In half the cases the cyst was clearly shown to be of subperiosteal origin. The aetiology is unknown, but the pathogenesis seems to consist of a haemorrhagic and hyperplastic (not neoplastic) process which is progressive but has a tendency to become stabilised on reaching a certain point of maturation. Local excision is indicated or, in cases where this is difficult to carry out, radiotherapy. Recurrences occurred in 12 per cent of the cases, always within one year after operation. All cases were eventually cured and there was no evidence of malignant transformation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031412"}
{"pmid": "1031416", "title": "New aspects of the structure of articular cartilage. The \"tidemark\" seen on the scanning electron microscope.", "content": "New aspects of the structure of articular cartilage. The \"tidemark\" seen on the scanning electron microscope. New observations are reported based on scanning electron microscopy, of the interface (\"tidemark zone\") between articular cartilage and the underlying calcified strata; also on the structure of adult articular cartilage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031416"}
{"pmid": "1031417", "title": "Ewing's sarcoma of the soft tissues? Case report.", "content": "Ewing's sarcoma of the soft tissues? Case report. A case is reported of a malignant tumour of the soft tissues of the leg, with histological and pathological features comparable with those of Ewing's sarcoma of bone. This extension of the term Ewing's sarcoma to the soft tissues is proposed and the differential diagnosis is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031417"}
{"pmid": "1031420", "title": "Human dignity in living and dying.", "content": "Human dignity in living and dying.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031420"}
{"pmid": "1031419", "title": "Intradural lumbar disc hernia. Report of two cases.", "content": "Intradural lumbar disc hernia. Report of two cases. Penetration of disc tissue inside the dural sac in the lumbar region (\"intradural disc hernia\") is a rare occurrence. Two cases are described which presented as multi-root syndromes of the cauda equina. Some clinical aspects are discussed together with the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this rare type of disc hernia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031419"}
{"pmid": "1031418", "title": "Haemangioma of bone with radiographic appearances simulating a giant cell tumour.", "content": "Haemangioma of bone with radiographic appearances simulating a giant cell tumour. A case is described of haemangioma of the proximal end of the humerus which simulated a giant cell tumour on radiography. An attempt at biopsy, carried out elsewhere, had failed because of severe haemorrhage from the tumour during operation. It was treated by en bloc resection and endoprosthesis with a good result after one year.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031418"}
{"pmid": "1031422", "title": "Oral contraceptives: which one for my patient?", "content": "Oral contraceptives: which one for my patient?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031422"}
{"pmid": "1031424", "title": "Estimating the need for physicians in Alabama.", "content": "Estimating the need for physicians in Alabama.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031424"}
{"pmid": "1031421", "title": "Surgically treatable asthma.", "content": "Surgically treatable asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031421"}
{"pmid": "1031423", "title": "A study of diagnoses made in a rural community hospital emergency room.", "content": "A study of diagnoses made in a rural community hospital emergency room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031423"}
{"pmid": "1031425", "title": "Mercy caring vs. mercy killing.", "content": "Mercy caring vs. mercy killing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031425"}
{"pmid": "1031426", "title": "Diabetic retinopathy: an overview.", "content": "Diabetic retinopathy: an overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031426"}
{"pmid": "1031427", "title": "Antenatal diagnosis of genetic defects.", "content": "Antenatal diagnosis of genetic defects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031427"}
{"pmid": "1031428", "title": "Physician requirements for Alabama relationship to the new HSA's.", "content": "Physician requirements for Alabama relationship to the new HSA's.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031428"}
{"pmid": "1031429", "title": "Current applications of diagnostic ultrasound in the abdomen.", "content": "Current applications of diagnostic ultrasound in the abdomen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031429"}
{"pmid": "1031430", "title": "Barbiturate endarteritis of foot.", "content": "Barbiturate endarteritis of foot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031430"}
{"pmid": "1031433", "title": "Child abuse: scourge of society.", "content": "Child abuse: scourge of society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031433"}
{"pmid": "1031432", "title": "The individual doctor. He need not walk alone.", "content": "The individual doctor. He need not walk alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031432"}
{"pmid": "1031431", "title": "Efforts underway to improve rural health care in Alabama.", "content": "Efforts underway to improve rural health care in Alabama.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031431"}
{"pmid": "1031434", "title": "False positive liver scans.", "content": "False positive liver scans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031434"}
{"pmid": "1031435", "title": "Anticoagulation in acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Anticoagulation in acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031435"}
{"pmid": "1031436", "title": "\"Dedicated to serving a privileged class\".", "content": "\"Dedicated to serving a privileged class\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031436"}
{"pmid": "1031437", "title": "Pediatrics in colonial America.", "content": "Pediatrics in colonial America.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031437"}
{"pmid": "1031438", "title": "Neurilemmoma of the cervical portion of the vagus nerve: differentiation from a carotid artery aneurysm.", "content": "Neurilemmoma of the cervical portion of the vagus nerve: differentiation from a carotid artery aneurysm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031438"}
{"pmid": "1031439", "title": "How many doctors?", "content": "How many doctors?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031439"}
{"pmid": "1031440", "title": "\"I woke and found that life was duty\"--anon.", "content": "\"I woke and found that life was duty\"--anon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031440"}
{"pmid": "1031441", "title": "The training of scientific experts.", "content": "The training of scientific experts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031441"}
{"pmid": "1031442", "title": "Physical methods for the comparison of illicitly produced tablets.", "content": "Physical methods for the comparison of illicitly produced tablets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031442"}
{"pmid": "1031443", "title": "Shot-gun injury of the chest: an exit hole.", "content": "Shot-gun injury of the chest: an exit hole.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031443"}
{"pmid": "1031445", "title": "Changes in blood cyanide as a function of storage time and temperature.", "content": "Changes in blood cyanide as a function of storage time and temperature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031445"}
{"pmid": "1031444", "title": "Interaction between methadone and ether peroxides to produce 1,5-dimethyl-3, 3-diphenyl-2-ethylidene-pyrrolidine the major cyclic metabolite of methadone.", "content": "Interaction between methadone and ether peroxides to produce 1,5-dimethyl-3, 3-diphenyl-2-ethylidene-pyrrolidine the major cyclic metabolite of methadone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031444"}
{"pmid": "1031446", "title": "Copper levels in human tissue.", "content": "Copper levels in human tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031446"}
{"pmid": "1031448", "title": "Isotachophoresis of bloodstains.", "content": "Isotachophoresis of bloodstains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031448"}
{"pmid": "1031447", "title": "Differentiation of the genetic variants of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in bloodstains by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate.", "content": "Differentiation of the genetic variants of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in bloodstains by electrophoresis on cellulose acetate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031447"}
{"pmid": "1031449", "title": "Response to glucagon of low-birth-weight infants with early intravenous glucose infusion.", "content": "Response to glucagon of low-birth-weight infants with early intravenous glucose infusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031449"}
{"pmid": "1031452", "title": "Studies on drug nonequivalence. V. Gastrointestinal absorption of polymorphs of sulfameter.", "content": "Studies on drug nonequivalence. V. Gastrointestinal absorption of polymorphs of sulfameter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031452"}
{"pmid": "1031450", "title": "Irreversible inhibitory effect of atropine on the contractile responses to drugs in isolated rat rectum, particularly in relation to Ca.", "content": "Irreversible inhibitory effect of atropine on the contractile responses to drugs in isolated rat rectum, particularly in relation to Ca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031450"}
{"pmid": "1031451", "title": "Irreversible inhibition by atropine of drug-induced contractions in isolated rabbit ileum, particularly in relation to the mobilization of Ca.", "content": "Irreversible inhibition by atropine of drug-induced contractions in isolated rabbit ileum, particularly in relation to the mobilization of Ca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031451"}
{"pmid": "1031453", "title": "Influence of the removal of external K on tonus and drug-induced contractions of the isolated rat ileum, particularly in relation to Ca.", "content": "Influence of the removal of external K on tonus and drug-induced contractions of the isolated rat ileum, particularly in relation to Ca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031453"}
{"pmid": "1031457", "title": "Mental health implications of economic growth in developing countries.", "content": "Mental health implications of economic growth in developing countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031457"}
{"pmid": "1031458", "title": "The duo-drama.", "content": "The duo-drama. A model of psychotherapy based on a 'dramatic look' is presented. It is an aspect developed from the demotorization of psycho-drama reduced to two actors Dialogue - in the sense of Plato and Buber - is looked at as action and dealt with accordingly. A pre-step of interpretation: confrontaion is used 'in flagranti' within the framework of here and now. The patient is continuously confronted with his 'action'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031458"}
{"pmid": "1031459", "title": "Policy decisions and the reduction of mental hospitalization of the aged.", "content": "Policy decisions and the reduction of mental hospitalization of the aged. Inappropriate hospitalization of elderly persons in mental institutions has been a cause for much concern. Reduction of this type of hospitalization has become an accepted national policy. The observed variations among the states in the rates and trends of hospitalization of aged patients may indicate that trends income states are more congruent with national policy than those in others. In an effort to account for the wide variation among the states, time trend analyses of rate changes of hospitalized aged were made for a sample of states. These reveal that there are relationships between impatient trends and specific policies and programs for the aged. The results provide insights into mental hospitalization of elderly persons, and indicate how the inappropriate mental hospitalization of the aged can be reduced.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031459"}
{"pmid": "1031460", "title": "On the rights of the mentally ill: a Hellenic view.", "content": "On the rights of the mentally ill: a Hellenic view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031460"}
{"pmid": "1031461", "title": "The role of the community mental health centre in prevention.", "content": "The role of the community mental health centre in prevention. The writer discusses some theoretical concepts regarding community psychiatry and the role of the community mental health centre with special attention to the primary preventative programmes, the limitations of the field of influence and the scope of activity within any given community. It would appear that most psychiatrists see their work as the delivery of psychiatric care, hopefully resulting in secondary and tertiary prevention. While the healing and supportive functions are of major significance, the mental health community centre has also an important educative part to play in primary prevention, in helping to upgrade the well-being and the social competence of the people in its sphere of influcence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031461"}
{"pmid": "1031462", "title": "Is it possible to educate a psychiatrist?", "content": "Is it possible to educate a psychiatrist? The author, who served as Executive Secretary and Editorial Consultant to the Conference on Education of Psychiatrists held in June 1975, presents here in some of the major findings, concerns, and dilemmas encountered by the conferees as they considered the current status of psychiatric education and the course it should take in the coming decade. The fundamental problem is that there is no firm consensus defining what a modern psychiatrist is or what he sould be. Basically the complete psychiatrist sits on a three-legged stool of biological, psychological, and social science. But the stool wobbles because the legs are of different length and thus far no one has been able to even them out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031462"}
{"pmid": "1031463", "title": "Immune response in dog 2 effect of dose of antigen on antibody production.", "content": "Immune response in dog 2 effect of dose of antigen on antibody production. The primary antibody response of dogs and rabbits to both 'H' and 'O' antigens of Salmonella typhosa following intravenous injection with a formalin killed vaccine from 2.4 x 10(6) to 2.4 x 10(10) organisms/kg body weight was analysed. The animals were restimulated 80 days later with various vaccine concentrations. The lgM anti-'O' and lgG anti-'H' and 'O' antigens in the dogs, were significantly weaker in both primary and secondary response than the comparable rabbit group. Primary lgM anti-'H' response in the dog was found to be greater, equal, or less than that observed in the rabbit. A closer analysis of the primary response indicated that both animal species show the same latent period and doubling time in respect of anti-'H', and the differences observed are probably the result of the number of progenitor cells stimulated by the antigen. On the other hand the suppressed response of the dog to 'O'-antigen is the result of an overall weaker response of this animal to the antigen. The secondary anti-'H' lgM response was found to be greater than, equal to, or less than the primary response in the same animal. The significant inhibition of this response was observed in those animals which received a high primary dose of antigen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031463"}
{"pmid": "1031483", "title": "Recommended method for the determination of creatine kinase in blood.", "content": "Recommended method for the determination of creatine kinase in blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031483"}
{"pmid": "1031482", "title": "Distal blood pressure.", "content": "Distal blood pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031482"}
{"pmid": "1031484", "title": "Digital blood pressure in normal subjects and patients with peripheral arterial disease.", "content": "Digital blood pressure in normal subjects and patients with peripheral arterial disease. Systolic toe blood pressure was measured in 10 normal subjects and 17 patients with peripheral arterial disease during a warming and a cooling period, in which the skin temperature on the first toe was changed from 33 degrees C to 24 degrees C. In normal subjects systolic toe blood pressure increased from an average of 110 mm Hg to 120 mm Hg during cooling (P less than 0.01), while the systolic arm blood pressure was unchanged during the study (125 mm Hg). Among the patients systolic toe blood pressure increased from an average of 56 mm Hg to an average of 70 mm Hg (P less than 0.01), while arm blood pressure increased from an average of 167/79 mm Hg during warming to 175/83 mm Hg during the cooling period. It is emphazised that despite the small, but significant, increase in digital blood pressure during the cooling period, changes in distal temperature will only have a small influence on the digital blood pressure, when one is evaluating patients with suspected or manifest peripheral arterial disease. In general, measurement during vasodilatation is to be preferred, since curves are easily obtainable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031484"}
{"pmid": "1031486", "title": "Reactive hyperaemia in the human calf after long-lasting ischaemia. A study with strain-gauge plethysmography.", "content": "Reactive hyperaemia in the human calf after long-lasting ischaemia. A study with strain-gauge plethysmography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031486"}
{"pmid": "1031485", "title": "Digital blood pressure in patients with peripheral arterial disease.", "content": "Digital blood pressure in patients with peripheral arterial disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031485"}
{"pmid": "1031487", "title": "The influence of physical training during pregnancy on physical work capacity and circulatory parameters.", "content": "The influence of physical training during pregnancy on physical work capacity and circulatory parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031487"}
{"pmid": "1031488", "title": "Myocardial metabolism and performance during sodium salicylate infusion in dogs.", "content": "Myocardial metabolism and performance during sodium salicylate infusion in dogs. The effect of sodium salicylate on net myocardial free fatty acid (FFA) uptake, myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), and the mechanical activity of the heart was studied in eight intact, anesthetized dogs. Sodium salicylate was given intravenously under basal conditions and during isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis. Under basal conditions, sodium salicylate significantly reduced arterial FFA concentration, but did not influence net myocardial uptake of FFA, and MVO2 was unchanged. During isoproterenol infusion sodium salicylate reduced arterial FFA concentration 28% (P less than 0.01) and significantly reduced net myocardial uptake of FFA from 44.5 +/- 9.0 (mean +/- S.E.M.) to 22.3 +/- 2.1 mumol/min-100g tissue (P less than 0.05) and MVO2 from 20.3 +/- 2.2 to 160 +/- 1.9 ml/min-100g tissue (P less than 0.05). The reduction in MVO2 could not be explained by reduced mechanical activity of the heart. Most probably the mechanism for the reduction in MVO2 effected by sodium salicylate during isoproterenol infusion was mediated by reduced myocardial FFA consumption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031488"}
{"pmid": "1031489", "title": "The influence of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) on gastric mucosal content of energy-rich phosphate bond.", "content": "The influence of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) on gastric mucosal content of energy-rich phosphate bond. The mucosal content of adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate and adenosine monophosphate in mini-pig corpus gland area and in pyloric gland area was examined after aspirin ingestion in acute experiments and after ingestion for several weeks. Ingestion of aspirin led to a statistically significant decrease of adenine nucleotide content in corpus gland and in pyloric gland area. An inverse correlation between the pH of the aspirin suspensions and the size of the decrease was established in the short-time experiments. In non-affected pyloric gland area mucosa and adenine nucleotide content was significantly lower than in the corpus gland area. Pyloric mucosa was more susceptible to aspirin-induced lowering of adenine nucleotide content than was the corpus mucosa. Prolonged aspirin ingestion led to statistically significant reductions of adenine nucleotide pool. The findings explain the decrease in mucous secretion and in acid secretion demonstrated in several studies. The finding of lower and more susceptible adenine nucleotide pool in the pyloric area might be the explanation for the preponderant occurrence of aspirin ulcerations in this region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031489"}
{"pmid": "1031490", "title": "Effects of different doses of acetylsalicylic acid on renal function in the dog.", "content": "Effects of different doses of acetylsalicylic acid on renal function in the dog. This study was carried out in order to examine the effect of increasing doses of intravenously administered lysine-acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on renal function in dogs. The first purpose was to examine the acute effects on renal water and solute output. The second purpose was to correlate the para-aminohippuric (PAH) clearance measurements with measurement of renal PAH extraction and renal blood flow (RBF). After 7 mg/kg ASA (20-80 microgram SA/ml plasma) a decrease in sodium excretion was observed in all dogs. With increasing ASA doses, the urine sodium excretion declined to 23% of the control period excretion. Tubular reabsorption of free water increased 10%. A significant and dose-related decrease in PAH clearance was observed in all dogs, from 108.7 ml/kg ASA to 58.8 ml/min after 200 mg/kg ASA. The creatine clearance was unchanged. PAH extraction fell in all dogs, RBF (measured by flowmeter decreased 21% at the highest plasma SA levels, as compared with 46% decrease in PAH clearance. ASA seems to inhibit tubular transport of PAH. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by ASA offers one explanation of the effects of RBF and sodium excretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031490"}
{"pmid": "1031493", "title": "Differences between capillary and venous blood glucose during oral glucose tolerance tests.", "content": "Differences between capillary and venous blood glucose during oral glucose tolerance tests. The simultaneous capillary and venous blood glucose concentrations were measured during 36 oral glucose tolerance tests performed in 36 postmenopausal women. Three of the subjects had chemical diabetes mellitus. In samples obtained before and 120-180 min after the glucose load the differences between capillary and venous blood glucose concentrations were low, whereas samples taken after 15-90 min showed a mean capillary-venous difference of 1.8 mmol/l. This is higher than previously stated by the World Health Organization and the British Diabetes Association. If the definitions that were recommended by these two bodies are used for defining whether the result of an oral glucose tolerance test is to be considered 'normal' or 'abnormal', the present results indicate that the verdict will in some cases be influenced by the route by which the blood was obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031493"}
{"pmid": "1031491", "title": "Effects of different doses of chlorpromazine on renal function in the dog.", "content": "Effects of different doses of chlorpromazine on renal function in the dog. This study was carried out to examine the effects of low 'alpha-blocking' and higher 'membrane-stabilizing' doses of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on renal function. CPZ was given at slow infusion rate either intravenously or into the left renal artery at three levels (0.5-1.0, 3-8, and 10-15 mg/kg) to 10 anesthetized dogs. An increase in plasma hemoglobin sometimes occurred within few minutes after infusion of more than 10 mg/kg CPZ, probably due to a hemolytic effect of such high doses. Systemic infusion of 0.5-1 mg/kg CPZ caused an increase in urine volume, sodium excretion, and renal plasma flow, and a decrease in filtration fraction and free water clearance was demonstrated in all dogs. At higher CPZ doses renal plasma flow increased further, whereas urine volume and electrolyte excretion were of the same order at all dose levels. A 21% decrease in tubular maximum para-aminohippurate transport (Tm(PAH)) was observed at the highest CPZ doses. After unilateral renal intra-arterial CPZ infusion the percentage change in urine volume, urinary sodium excretion, and Tm(PAH) were of the same order on the infused side as on the contralateral side. Even though the results at all dose levels can be explained by an 'alpha-blocking' effect of CPZ, possible membrane-stabilizine effects of CPZ cannot be excluded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031491"}
{"pmid": "1031492", "title": "Effects of androgens on oxygen affinity in vivo and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate content of red cells in peripheral arterial insufficiency.", "content": "Effects of androgens on oxygen affinity in vivo and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate content of red cells in peripheral arterial insufficiency. The effect of testosterone on the red cell concentration of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and on the in vivo oxygen affinity of venous blood was investigated. Six male patients with peripheral arteriosclerosis received 500 mg testosterone enantas intramuscularly for 15 weeks. Six matched controls received 2 ml NaCl weekly for the same period of time. The hemoglobin concentration, the hematocrit, and the 2,3-DPG concentration increased significantly during testosterone treatment, while no significant changes in the oxygen affinity could be detected. It is concluded that testosterone in the doses applied here does not improve oxygen unloading from the blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031492"}
{"pmid": "1031495", "title": "Determination of bradykinin in blood by a sensitive radioimmunoassay.", "content": "Determination of bradykinin in blood by a sensitive radioimmunoassay. Antibodies of high avidity (maximum Km 1.3 X 10(10) L/M) were produced in rabbits against bradykinin coupled to ovalbumin with toluene 2,4-disocyanate. Tyrosin8- bradykinin was labelled to a specific activity of 530-700 Ci/mmol with 125I by means of lactoperoxidase. Sensitivity of the radioimmunoassay was 0.01 microgram/l blood. Specificity studies demonstrated the essential role of the C-terminal arginine of bradykinin for binding to antibody. Mean recovery of [3H]bradykinin internal standard after the preparation of 86 blood samples was 39.0%. The major loss occurred during ethanol precipitation. In venous blood collected at random conditions from 32 normal subjects the bradykinin concentration ranged 0.04-0.46 microgram/l and showed no sex difference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031495"}
{"pmid": "1031494", "title": "Radioimmunological determination and characterization of cathodal trypsin-like immunoreactivity in normal human plasma.", "content": "Radioimmunological determination and characterization of cathodal trypsin-like immunoreactivity in normal human plasma. A radioimmunological method for determination of human cathodal trypsin-like immunoreactivity is described. DFP-treated human cathodal trypsin is used as standard and tracer. Freshly drawn normal human plasma contains about 25 microgram/l of cathodal trypsin-like immunoreactivity measured as DFP-treated cathodal trypsin. The normally circulating cathodal trypsin-like immunoreactivity is shown to consist mainly of cathodal trypsinogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031494"}
{"pmid": "1031496", "title": "Radioimmunoassay of vasopressin in unextracted plasma.", "content": "Radioimmunoassay of vasopressin in unextracted plasma. A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for arg8-vasopressin (AVP) in unextracted human plasma was based on a sensitive anti-AVP rabbit antiserum, inhibition of enzymatic damage to [125I]AVP and AVP, and the use of an individual plasma blank, to correct for interference of plasma factors with the RIA. Sensitivity was 0.4 pg of synthetic AVP detected, corresponding to 1.2 pg/ml of AVP in human plasma. Recovery of AVP added to pooled plasma was 94 +/- 9.3% (mean +/- S.D.) in the low range (AVP, 2.8 pg/ml added) and 106 +/- 11.7% in the high range (45.0 pg/ml added). In 26 healthy, ambulatory subjects on ad lib, water intake, plasma AVP concentration was 2.0 +/- 1.22 pg/ml in the supine position and in 28 healthy subjects, 6.2 +/- 4.3 pg/ml in the upright position. Water loading suppressed the plasma AVP concentration. Smoking caused increased plasma AVP in 3 subjects despite water loading.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031496"}
{"pmid": "1031497", "title": "Evaluation of the sampling technique and storage of blood using the B 109 Arterial Blood Sampler syringe.", "content": "Evaluation of the sampling technique and storage of blood using the B 109 Arterial Blood Sampler syringe. To evaluate the B 109 Arterial Blood Sampler (Radiometer), 10 different samples were analyzed for Pco2, Po2, and pH. The aerobic sampling technique, followed by storage for 2 h in water at 1 degrees C, induced small, but clinically insignificant, changes in the measured values.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031497"}
{"pmid": "1031498", "title": "Cell reactions to metastatic tumors in the regional lymph nodes--light and electron microscopic studies.", "content": "Cell reactions to metastatic tumors in the regional lymph nodes--light and electron microscopic studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031498"}
{"pmid": "1031499", "title": "Arterio-jugular oxygen difference in severe intracranial lesions.", "content": "Arterio-jugular oxygen difference in severe intracranial lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031499"}
{"pmid": "1031500", "title": "Hearing impairment due to noise in the Kyung-In industrial area in Korea.", "content": "Hearing impairment due to noise in the Kyung-In industrial area in Korea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031500"}
{"pmid": "1031501", "title": "Cytogenetic studies of the Korean chipmunk, Eutamias sibiricus asiaticus.", "content": "Cytogenetic studies of the Korean chipmunk, Eutamias sibiricus asiaticus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031501"}
{"pmid": "1031503", "title": "Intranasal antrostomy with nasoantral window-plasty. (Kim's antrostomy).", "content": "Intranasal antrostomy with nasoantral window-plasty. (Kim's antrostomy).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031503"}
{"pmid": "1031502", "title": "A case of cryptococcosis treated with 5-fluorocytosine.", "content": "A case of cryptococcosis treated with 5-fluorocytosine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031502"}
{"pmid": "1031506", "title": "Relation between corpus allatum and haemolymph proteins in Sphaerodema rusticum Fabr.", "content": "Relation between corpus allatum and haemolymph proteins in Sphaerodema rusticum Fabr. The active and inactive stages of the corpora allata have been described on the basis of size and nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. The polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis of the haemolymph has been done in the males and different stages of reproducing females. A protein fraction with a value 14 less than or equal to Rm less than 16 has been observed only in females. Out of 8 protein fractions, 5 showed oscillations in their concentration at the time of vitellogenesis. Finally active stages in the corpora allata are correlated with the fluctuations in haemolymph protein concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031506"}
{"pmid": "1031507", "title": "The role of hypertrophic cartilage in endochondral ossification.", "content": "The role of hypertrophic cartilage in endochondral ossification. Normal stages of histogenesis of long bones show that the hypertrophy of cartilage cells is the pre-requisite for the perichondrium to take up osteoblastic activity, (Fell 1925, Lutfi 1971). Cooper (1965) found the cartilage cells from epihysis of the long bones of chick failed to induce chondrogenesis in somites in mice and chick whereas flat cells and early Peripheral cells could do same. Fell and Landauer (1935) noticed that in avian phocomelia the hypertrophied cartilage cells fail to hypertrophy leading subsequently to deformities of long bones. Presently an attempt is made to analyse this process further by culture experiments. It is found that complete tibial rudiment or part of it grows normally in vitro with good differentiation of various zones and the development of osteoid tissue. However it is noticed that when cartilage and the associated perichondrial tissues are grown separately, there is no patterned growth of cartilage and the absence of development of osteoid tissue in either types of cultures. The role of perichondrium and cartilage is discussed in the light of experimental findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031507"}
{"pmid": "1031508", "title": "Studies on the development of endocrine glands in fishes. I. Development of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system in Clarias batrachus L.", "content": "Studies on the development of endocrine glands in fishes. I. Development of the hypothalamo-hypophysial neurosecretory system in Clarias batrachus L.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031508"}
{"pmid": "1031509", "title": "The behaviour of the donor melanoblasts in the non-pigmented host embryos.", "content": "The behaviour of the donor melanoblasts in the non-pigmented host embryos. The behaviour of the donor melanoblasts from the leg bud mesoderm of Silver Campine implanted into White Leghorn embryos has been studied. Their schedule of migration from intracoelomic grafts to various parts of hosts is worked out. Different hypotheses for differentiation of grafted spherical melanoblasts in various tissues of hosts have been investigated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031509"}
{"pmid": "1031510", "title": "Developmental variations of the villi along the ileum in newly hatched and adult pigeons. A scanning electron microscopic study.", "content": "Developmental variations of the villi along the ileum in newly hatched and adult pigeons. A scanning electron microscopic study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031510"}
{"pmid": "1031511", "title": "Effect of luteinizing hormone on female Puntius ticto (Ham.).", "content": "Effect of luteinizing hormone on female Puntius ticto (Ham.). Low doses (0.2 mg and 0.4 mg) of LH did not reveal any effect on the ovary of Puntius ticto (Ham.), but with 0.6 mg of LH the vitellogenesis began. Full maturation in the ovary was recorded with a total dose of 1.2 mg of LH and the fish spawned with a dose of 1.4 mg of LH.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031511"}
{"pmid": "1031512", "title": "Ventral exocrine gland of larva of Spodoptera (Prodenia) litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).", "content": "Ventral exocrine gland of larva of Spodoptera (Prodenia) litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The morphological and histological structure of the ventral exocrine gland of the larva of the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera (Prodenia) litura (Fab.) is shown. The proximal region of the gland is capable of protrusion through the prothoracic sternal slit as an elongate organ reaching upto the spinneret. The middle region of the gland shows characteristic giant cells in only one of the walls of the epithelium, while the distal region shows a thin flat epithelium with small round closely situated nuclei resting against the tunica propria. The gland probably secretes a gummy fluid for larval movements rather than a stinking odourous fluid for defense.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031512"}
{"pmid": "1031513", "title": "Experimental quantitative electron microscopical studies on the nucleus lateralis posterior-pulvinar complex of the thalamus in the cat.", "content": "Experimental quantitative electron microscopical studies on the nucleus lateralis posterior-pulvinar complex of the thalamus in the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031513"}
{"pmid": "1031514", "title": "Relationship of blood vessels to small intensely fluorescent cells in the autonomic ganglion.", "content": "Relationship of blood vessels to small intensely fluorescent cells in the autonomic ganglion. In our experiments we observed the relationship of the blood vessels to the small, intensely fluorescent cells (SIF cells) in the lower mesenteric ganglion of the cat. We injected the solution of Evan's blue into the ganglia and processed them with the fluorescent histochemical method by Falck and Hillarp. We observed that the SIF cells are placed in the ganglia closely to the blood vessels or closely round them. When observing lager groups of SIF cells placed at the edge of the ganglia a dense network of the blood vessels was observed among these cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031514"}
{"pmid": "1031518", "title": "Follicular and reticular arrangements of medullary cells in the adrenal gland of Göttingen Miniature pigs.", "content": "Follicular and reticular arrangements of medullary cells in the adrenal gland of Göttingen Miniature pigs. In the adrenal gland of Göttingen miniature pigs adrenaline- and noradrenaline-storing cells showed follicular and reticular arrangements, which were not observed in the domesticated form (German land race) of Sus scrofa. Chromaffin cells could contain vacuoles, which were sometimes connected with follicles and filled with a material indistinguishable from that in follicles. Coated and smooth vesicles with contents of various electron densities were particularly abundant around vacuoles and Golgi areas, which were often found to be closely associated. Chromaffin cells were unconspicious with respect to other ultrastructural details. A comparison was made between this mode of arrangement and that seen after intense stimulation of the adrenal medulla using insulin, reserpine, or vinblastine. The possible significance of this particular pattern of arrangement of chromaffin cells is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031518"}
{"pmid": "1031520", "title": "Lysosomal disposal of secretory granules and their transformation into pigment particles in spontaneous prolactin cell adenomas of the rat pituitary.", "content": "Lysosomal disposal of secretory granules and their transformation into pigment particles in spontaneous prolactin cell adenomas of the rat pituitary. Light and electron microscopic study of spontaneous prolactin cell adenomas, found at autopsy of 26 aging female Long-Evans rats and of 9 aging male Wistar rats, revealed pigment particles in the cytoplasm of some adenoma cells. It is postulated that most of the pigment particles derive from secretory granules. The presence of crinophagy and autophagy are interpreted as the morphologic expressions of lysosomal activation. The causative mechanisms accounting for lysosomal disposal of secretory granules and their transformation to pigment particles remain to be elucidated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031520"}
{"pmid": "1031521", "title": "Ultrastructural and cytochemical localization of calcium in a rat cardiac muscle in normal and experimental conditions.", "content": "Ultrastructural and cytochemical localization of calcium in a rat cardiac muscle in normal and experimental conditions. The experiment carried out by us on the, stimulated by adrenaline, cardiac muscle allowed the activation of calcium localized mainly in the mitochondria, MA and FA of the intercalated discs and SR to be translocated in the direction of the sarcomere myofilaments and this especially to the thin actin filaments. The authors' experimental proves, that during the contraction--relaxation function of the cardiac muscle there exists a circulation rythm or a oscillatory functional flow of calcium ions between the mitochondria, intercalated discs and SR and the contractile fibrillae of the sarcomere.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031521"}
{"pmid": "1031524", "title": "Studies on the seasonal histocytological changes in the internal and chromaffin cells of male Puntius sophore (Ham) in relation to its reproductive cycle.", "content": "Studies on the seasonal histocytological changes in the internal and chromaffin cells of male Puntius sophore (Ham) in relation to its reproductive cycle. An attempt has been made to correlate the activities of interrenal and chromaffin cells with the reproductive cycle of Puntius sophore. Chromaffin cells do not have any significant bearing while interrenal cells undergo qualitative and quantitative changes which have been correlated with the various phases in the reproductive cycle of this fish. These cells undergo degranulation and vacuolisation during spawning phase, disorganisation during regression phase, and reorganisation and gradual growth during resting and prespawning phases. These cells thus appear to play an important role in the reproductive physiology of this fish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031524"}
{"pmid": "1031528", "title": "Death-discordant twins--a new method to evaluate genetic factors in chronic diseases.", "content": "Death-discordant twins--a new method to evaluate genetic factors in chronic diseases. One of the most important lines of research on unselected large scale twin registries are mortality followups. Death-specific concordance rates have been calculated using different measures of concordance. These estimates are of great importance but they only reflect an \"all or-none\" classification of the genetic effect. It is suggested that mortality studies could be extended to, and include studies on, death-discordant twins. Such studies combine the advantages from mortality follow-ups on total twin populations with the detailed clinical investigation on subsamples. By examining the surviving cotwins with respect to various traits and supposed risk factors, an opportunity has been provided to study the genetic determination on the development of disease. This approach has been used in a study of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and its risk factors in a representative subsample from the Swedish Twin Registry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031528"}
{"pmid": "1031529", "title": "Alcohol consumption in relation to factors associated with ischemic heart disease: a cotwin control study.", "content": "Alcohol consumption in relation to factors associated with ischemic heart disease: a cotwin control study. Moderately alcohol-discordant male twin pairs, aged 45-65 years, have been examined with respect to ischemic heart disease (IHD) and associated factors. No conclusion can yet be drawn with regard to manifest or subclinical IHD, while significant disparities were found with regard to systolic and diastolic blood pressures, high cigarette consumption, hyperglycemia, and serum cholesterol; the greater number of findings of pathological values were found in the high alcohol-consumption as compared to the low alcohol-consumption cotwins. These findings offer a possible explanation for the increased number of reports showing a connection between high consumption of alcohol and occurrence heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031529"}
{"pmid": "1031526", "title": "Further observations on the B-type neurosecretory cells in the thoracic ganglion of the crab, Potamon magnum magnum (Pretzman).", "content": "Further observations on the B-type neurosecretory cells in the thoracic ganglion of the crab, Potamon magnum magnum (Pretzman). Only four types of the secretory neurones were observed in the thoracic ganglion of the fresh water crab, Potamon magnum magnum (Pretzman). These cells are classified as A, A', B and C types. Our results also confirmed that the B and B' types of cells (BAID et al. 1968) are one and the same type, the B cells. The B cells are of two forms, with and without the axons. They clearly showed sequential histological patterns pointing out to their phases. The secretory material is discharged either through the periphery or through the axon and periphery both. The vacuoles were observed in both the forms of the B cells. The remarkable sign of the activity of the nuclear membrane especially at the beginning of the secretory cycle and the appearance of the first secretory granules around the nucleus strongly support the vital role of the nucleus in the initiation of the secretory cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031526"}
{"pmid": "1031530", "title": "Attitudes towards twinning in primitive societies.", "content": "Attitudes towards twinning in primitive societies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031530"}
{"pmid": "1031531", "title": "Gene interaction in the phenotypic expression of mental diseases.", "content": "Gene interaction in the phenotypic expression of mental diseases. A genealogical analysis is carried out on the pedigrees of 10 twin pairs with two or more psychoses. The probands' symptoms reveal some peculiar aspects, i.e., an atypical phenomenology possibly due to the interference of more pathological genes. Schizophrenia, depression, epilepsy, and obsessive neurosis, are found in the pedigrees in different combinations. The study of these pedigrees would lead to the conclusion that interaction of more than one psychosis gives rise to atypical forms as a result of an attempt to establish a state of balance between opposing dynamic actions, as in reversible chemical reactions. Probands' symptoms are less severe and with an often more favourable prognosis. Epilepsy tends to become independent and the major psychoses seem to be epistatic on it. As for obsessive-compulsive neurosis, probands may progress into schizophrenia or depression if one of these psychoses is present in the pedigree, or may represent the neurotic form of the major disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031531"}
{"pmid": "1031532", "title": "Twin studies in medical genetics.", "content": "Twin studies in medical genetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031532"}
{"pmid": "1031536", "title": "A case of simultaneous interstitial bilateral pregnancy.", "content": "A case of simultaneous interstitial bilateral pregnancy. Twin pregnancies may present tubal involvement in the following cases: (1) simultaneous intra- and extrauterine pregnancy; (2) interstitial bilateral pregnancy (either simultaneous or not); (3) multiple pregnancy in the same tube; and (4) simultaneous interstitial and ovarian pregnancy. Interstitial bilateral pregnancy appears to be by far the rarest kind of tubal twin pregnancy, apparently only one case having been reported in the literature, and this referring to a nonsimultaneous pregnancy. A case is now reported that therefore appears to represent the first observation of simultaneous interstitial bilateral pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031536"}
{"pmid": "1031535", "title": "Early diagnosis and follow up of twin-pregnancy using a two-dimensional ultrasonic scanner.", "content": "Early diagnosis and follow up of twin-pregnancy using a two-dimensional ultrasonic scanner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031535"}
{"pmid": "1031534", "title": "Twin pregnancy as a high risk pregnancy: new medical statistical data from the German Democratic Republic.", "content": "Twin pregnancy as a high risk pregnancy: new medical statistical data from the German Democratic Republic. In 1972 the rate of multiple births showed a much more substantial decrease than in the years before. In the period 1963-1971 it dropped from 20.3% to 19.3% and in 1972 to 18.3%. The frequency of low birth weight in children from a multiple birth is 10 times higher than in all newborn children and the early neonatal mortality of children from a multiple birth is 8 times higher than that of all newborn infants. Cerebral damage is 30 times higher in children of low birth weight than in children of normal birth weight. In the period 1965-1967 perinatal death associated with cerebral damage (recorded on the death certificate) accounted for 5.7% of all children of low birth weight and for 0.2% of children weighing at birth over 2500 g. Early diagnosis of multiple pregnancy and early in-patient care of women with multiple pregnancy will improve the development of multiple fetuses and give children from a multiple birth much better chances in life. In all twin studies it has to be considered that a relatively high proportion of twins is affected to a higher or lesser degree by cerebral damage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031534"}
{"pmid": "1031533", "title": "Major fetal hazards in multiple pregnancy.", "content": "Major fetal hazards in multiple pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031533"}
{"pmid": "1031537", "title": "Hypothesis of an ovular regulation of pregnancy weight-gain.", "content": "Hypothesis of an ovular regulation of pregnancy weight-gain. A retrospective study of 127 twin pregnancies has been carried out, considering the relation between maternal weight-gain and zygosity of the ovum. At 28 weeks of gestation, the maternal weight-gain distribution goes on according to a bimodal curve, the analysis of which shows that each pike corresponds to one twin-pregnancy variety. Whatever the considered term might be (28-32-36 weeks), the maternal weight-gain is higher in DZ than in MZ pregnancies, and it should be pointed out that toxemic pregnancies, in each group, have nothing to do with this difference. This maternal weight-gain difference may reflect the known quality difference between MZ and DZ ova. The data lead to set up the more general hypothesis of an ovular regulation factor of the maternal weight-gain, in addition to classic data such as the own fetal weight, its annexes, and maternal diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031537"}
{"pmid": "1031538", "title": "Leukemia in twins: antenatal and postnatal factors.", "content": "Leukemia in twins: antenatal and postnatal factors. Two factors emerged from a search for obstetric phenomena that might explain concordance of leukemia in both members of a twin pair within days or months of each other: antenatal exposure to ionizing radiation; and antenatal cojoined intrauterine circulation. In addition, antenatal tumor metastasis and chromosomal changes, antenatal or postnatal, may be contributory. Continued observation of reports should be carried out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031538"}
{"pmid": "1031540", "title": "Frequency of thoracoomphalopagus conjoined twins in Thailand.", "content": "Frequency of thoracoomphalopagus conjoined twins in Thailand. Twenty-two cases of conjoined twins have been collected in Thailand. The numbers occurring in the various parts of Thailand are listed. No known cases have occurred between the years 1968-1973. The extent of union between the conjoined twins is described and illustrated. Some theories are offered as to etiological factors which might account for the occurrence of conjoined twins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031540"}
{"pmid": "1031539", "title": "Supertwin records.", "content": "Supertwin records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031539"}
{"pmid": "1031541", "title": "Morphological and cytogenetic studies on conjoined twins.", "content": "Morphological and cytogenetic studies on conjoined twins. Two cases of monoamniotic conjoined male twins, born at term after normal pregnancies, are reported. The first case, a bicephalus, shows hypoplastic and malformed left-side organs, absence of the left umbilical artery, and two communicating hearts, the left one with three cameras. The second case, a pygothoracopagus, consists in a twin \"parasite\", with no head but with two upper and two lower limbs, slightly less developed than those of the formed twin. The left eye of the formed twin is double than the right one and contains two eye apples -- one well-formed and the other rudimentary. There is a rudiment of a second mouth on the left cheek. The umbilical cord contains five blood vessels --- one umbilical vein and four umbilical arteries. The cytogenetic study of the pygothoracopagus reveals aneuploidy, more pronounced in the \"parasite\" than in the formed twin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031541"}
{"pmid": "1031543", "title": "Monoamniotic twins.", "content": "Monoamniotic twins. Six new cases of monoamniotic twins are reported. All had true knots of the cord, the result being double survival in 5 cases and 11 normal children. The mechanism of twin development is described and monoamniotic twins are placed in accordance with the two theories from the literature. A short review of both the Scandinavian and the world cases is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031543"}
{"pmid": "1031542", "title": "A case of conjoined twins.", "content": "A case of conjoined twins. Among 56,249 maternities in the Collaborative Perinatal Project, 615 were twin maternities. One of these resulted in stillborn thoracoomphalopagus MZ female twins with multiple cardiovascular, alimentary and other malformations. The case is of further interest in that the mother had a surgically removed brain tumor in childhood and exhibited neurological symptoms and bizarre behavior before and during pregnancy. Drugs and treatments which she received during pregnancy are not known to be teratogenic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031542"}
{"pmid": "1031544", "title": "Familial twinning: a case for superfetation in man.", "content": "Familial twinning: a case for superfetation in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031544"}
{"pmid": "1031546", "title": "Triplet pregnancy in a subfertile woman treated with clomiphene citrate.", "content": "Triplet pregnancy in a subfertile woman treated with clomiphene citrate. A 26-year-old subfertile woman with a history of abortions at the 7-9th week was treated with Clomid, 50 mg for 5 days. A pregnancy resulted, which ended in the premature birth of a set of alive triplets that sex and blood-group determinations showed to be trizgotic. It is suggested that this production of a multiple ovulation in a woman with luteal deficiency be the result of excessive dosage of Clomid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031546"}
{"pmid": "1031545", "title": "Delayed ovulation and monozygotic twinning.", "content": "Delayed ovulation and monozygotic twinning. Aiming to show that delayed ovulation may induce MZ twinning, follicular maturation was induced in the rabbit by a small quantity of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (16 UI four times): coitus, which induces ovulation in the rabbit, was delayed 60 hours after the last injection. From the 387 blastocysts obtained after this treatment, 6 (1.5%) were pairs of MZ twins, twinning being otherwise exceptional in the rabbit. Other anomalies were shown by the embryos, apparently related to a deficient quality of the eggs: high embryonic mortality (62% vs. 27% in controls) and chromosomal anomalies (20%) such as trisomies, triploidies, and chimaeras. The relation between MZ twinning, chromosomal anomalies, and embryonic mortality induced by delayed ovulation, could be connected and related to the poor perinatal conditions frequently observed in human MZ twins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031545"}
{"pmid": "1031547", "title": "Pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis: pancreatic ductal-interstitial-vascular and lymphatic pathways.", "content": "Pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis: pancreatic ductal-interstitial-vascular and lymphatic pathways. The generally accepted theory explaining the pathogenesis of pancreatic autodigestion (acute pancreatitis) is analysed. The pathways are discussed through which the content of the pancreatic duct system, the digestive enzymes, may escape to enter the acinar cells and the pancreatic interstices, together with the effect of the enzymes on the pancreatic vessels and thus on pancreatic blood flow. The potential consequences of vascular damage are described as well as the importance of pancreatic lymphatics in the transport of the escaped enzymes from the interstices. Although no definite answer can be given to the basic problem whether acute autodigestion of the pancreas is a result of some intra- or extra-acinar process, it is suggested that the intra- and extra-acinar processes are linked and are decisive in launching the pathological process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031547"}
{"pmid": "1031548", "title": "Effect of immunosuppressive therapy on the serum glycoprotein levels in chronic aggressive hepatitis.", "content": "Effect of immunosuppressive therapy on the serum glycoprotein levels in chronic aggressive hepatitis. The sera of 24 patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis receiving combined immunosuppressive therapy were studied for the concentrations of the carbohydrate components of glycoproteins and the IgG, IgA, IgM, alpha-2-macroglobulin, coeruloplasmin, beta-1-C-globulin and transferrin levels over a period of 2 years. Liver biopsy was performed repeatedly in 50% of the cases. On the evidence of the results, combined immunosuppressive treatment is regarded as apt to normalize the serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM and to reduce those of alpha-2-macroglobulin and coeruloplasmin. Among the carbohydrate components of glycoproteins only the amount of hexose was reduced.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031548"}
{"pmid": "1031550", "title": "Carbohydrate metabolism in various types of hyperlipoproteinaemia.", "content": "Carbohydrate metabolism in various types of hyperlipoproteinaemia. Insulin secretion has been studied after an oral glucose load in 81 patients with primary hyperlipoproteinaemia and 15 control sugjects. Glucose tolerance was reduced mainly in Type IV, and to a lesser extent in Type IIB hyperlipoproteinaemia. Insulin secretory response to glucose was reduced in Type V and heterogeneous in Type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. No correlation was found between the triglyceride level and the rate of insulin secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031550"}
{"pmid": "1031549", "title": "Serum lipids and lipoproteins in chronic liver disease.", "content": "Serum lipids and lipoproteins in chronic liver disease. Serum cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipids and the lipoprotein pattern were studied in 169 cases chronic liver disease confirmed by biopsy. On the ground of the immunological and morphological results the patients were classified into five groups. In chronic persistent hepatitis no significant abnormality was found. In chronic aggressive hepatitis and in cirrhosis of the liver the serum cholesterol level was significantly reduced. In fatty infiltration of the liver the serum cholesterol, triglyceride and total lipid concentrations were significantly increased, as compared with the normal values and with the figures obtained in the cases of chronic inflammatory liver disease. In the cases of cirrhosis with additional diabetes the lipid values were likewise increased. In chronic aggressive hepatitis and in cirrhosis of the liver the levels of pre-beta and alpha lipoprotein were decreased, in fatty infiltration of the liver those of beta and pre-beta lipoprotein were increased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031549"}
{"pmid": "1031551", "title": "Diagnostic evaluation of gastric analysis (test meal) in Hungary.", "content": "Diagnostic evaluation of gastric analysis (test meal) in Hungary. On the basis of information received from 128 medical wards, the frequency of gastric analysis (test meal) used as a clinical diagnostic procedure, the spreading of the different methods and other problems connected with the examination are analysed. In about 3/4 of the institutions the test meal is performed in patients with all kinds of gastric complaint. This incidence decreases to 50% if the X-ray finding is positive. As acid-stimulants caffeine and a moderate dose of histamine are used most frequently. Of the data supplied by the test meal, the value for acid concentration (acidity) is registered by most of the examiners. The authors consider it as suprising that outdated methods such as a qualitative lactic acid assay (47%), isolation of Boas-Oppler's bacillus (25%) and of sarcinas (21%) are still in frequent use. The data are compared to the results of a similar survey made in England.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031551"}
{"pmid": "1031552", "title": "Regulatory hyperparathyroidism: the role of C-cell hyperplasia.", "content": "Regulatory hyperparathyroidism: the role of C-cell hyperplasia. Four cases with clinical and biochemical evidence of hyperparathyroidism are reported. The syndrome was due to DHT-intoxication of iatrogenic origin in the first case to histologically confirmed C-cell hyperplasia of the thyroid in the three others. The collective term \"regulatory hyperparathyroidism\" is porposed for the syndromes which, in distinction to secondary parathyroidisms, have a pathogenesis other than a negative calcium balance. Management of the syndrome is discussed with particular emphasis on the removal of the TCT-producing hyperplasia or adenoma, and the restoration of the electrolyte balance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031552"}
{"pmid": "1031553", "title": "Heart block: histological and clinical features.", "content": "Heart block: histological and clinical features. The clinical types of A-V-block and the localization of the underlying lesion to the conduction pathway have been examined in 25 patients. On the evidence of the post mortem studies the lesions were of the following types: 1) Necrosis or fibrosis of ischaemic origin: 13 cases; 2) lesions of inflammatory character: 5 cases; 3) nonspecific lesions; 6 cases; 4) malignant infiltration: one case. Correlations between the site of lesion and the clinical type and pattern of block could be demonstrated in a large proportion of the cases. The characteristic features of the individual types of block and their localization are discussed and a review of the literature is given.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031553"}
{"pmid": "1031554", "title": "ECG changes in benzene, toluene and xylene poisoned rats.", "content": "ECG changes in benzene, toluene and xylene poisoned rats. Electrical activity of the heart was studied in acute, subacute and chronic benzene, toluene and xylene poisoning by means of NEK-2 type apparatus in CFY male rats. In the early period of acute intoxication benzene and its methyl derivatives, injected either intraperitoneally or subcutaneously or administered by inhalation did not cause changes in the ECG. Intravenously injected toluene induced a rapid and permanent decrease in blood pressure, in higher doses respiratory paralysis. In acute inhalation toluene and xylene poisoning the anesthesia was followed by respiratory paralysis, bradyarrhythmia and asystole, while inhalation of benzene induced respiratory paralysis followed by ventricular fibrillation. Subacute poisoning with benzene, toluene and xylene caused disorders in repolarization and arrhythmia. The degree, incidence and development of these phenomena depended on the dose and the duration of exposure. The effect of benzene influencing ECG was appreciably more intensive than that of toluene or xylene. Owing to the high number of spontaneous ECG changes due to ageing, it is difficult to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to the agents under investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031554"}
{"pmid": "1031555", "title": "Modification of the biologic dose to normal tissue by daily fraction. Model for calculating normal tissue tolerance.", "content": "Modification of the biologic dose to normal tissue by daily fraction. Model for calculating normal tissue tolerance. A method to predict normal tissue injury is proposed that includes high daily doses and unusual times successfully by calculating a new value called BIR (Biologic Index of Reaction). BIR and NSD were calculated for various normal tissue reactions. With the aid of statistical correlation techniques it is found that the BIR model is better than the NSD model in predicting radiation myelopathy and vocal edema and as good as NSD in predicting rib fracture. Neither model predicts pericardial effusion. In no case were the results  of BIR inferior to those of NSD.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031555"}
{"pmid": "1031556", "title": "Anti-oestrogen therapy of advanced mammary carcinoma.", "content": "Anti-oestrogen therapy of advanced mammary carcinoma. Forty mg daily of tamoxifen (Nolvadex) was administered orally to 89 patients with advanced soft tissue mammary carcinoma. At two months 43 per cent of the patients responded. At 6, 12 and 18 months, 42, 35 and 32 per cent, respectively, were still responding to therapy. The side effects were limited, fatique being the most frequent complaint. Oestrogen dependent side effects were not encountered. The therapeutic effect of tamoxifen is similar to that of oestrogen, but the side effects are less.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031556"}
{"pmid": "1031557", "title": "Scanning electron microscopy of cells in the lymph of the human thoracic duct in advanced malignancies.", "content": "Scanning electron microscopy of cells in the lymph of the human thoracic duct in advanced malignancies. At scanning electron microscopy of cells from the lymph of the thoracic duct, collected by cannulation of patients with malignant tumours of different types, lymphocytes and red blood cells were found, but few malignant cells. The latter came from patients with pulmonary carcinoma and mammary carcinoma with lung metastases. Various abnormal shapes of the red blood cells were observed, possibly due to extrinsic factors such as administered drugs of abnormal metabolites from the malignant disease. The lymphocytes had no consistent pathologic shape, but appeared to act as immunologic, active cells against the malignant cells in the thoracic lymph.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031557"}
{"pmid": "1031558", "title": "Radiation sensitizing effect of diamide on human cells cultivated in vitro.", "content": "Radiation sensitizing effect of diamide on human cells cultivated in vitro. Human cells of line NHIK 3025 were irradiated suspended in growth medium (E2a) in absence and presence of diamide under aerobic and extremely hypoxic (less than 4 ppm O2) conditions. A sensitizing effect of diamide was found for doses exceeding 8 Gy (800 rad) on cells irradiated under extremely hypoxic conditions in presence of diamide of concentration 200 micrometer, whereas no significant effect was observed for 20 micrometer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031558"}
{"pmid": "1031559", "title": "Histochemical and morphometrical changes in the adrenal glands in the course of circulatory failure.", "content": "Histochemical and morphometrical changes in the adrenal glands in the course of circulatory failure. The histological and biochemical changes in adrenal function has been studied in 50 male cats with circulatory failure. The adrenal glands were examined by morphometric, histochemical and histoenzymological methods after a preliminarily study of the histoenzymological profile of the adrenal glands in intact animals. Five hours after hypotension induced by intravenous injection of trimethaphan and 5 hours after a single massive bleeding, a decrease in adrenal function was observed. Adrenal insufficiency especially of the glucocorticoid release in the course of acute circulatory failure can be considered as a peculiar adaptation of the organism to preserve its life. The demonstrated decrease of adrenal function in the first hours of hypoxia may help in planning hormonal therapy under suitable conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031559"}
{"pmid": "1031560", "title": "Development of collagenous fibres in autologous and preserved homologous tendon grafts.", "content": "Development of collagenous fibres in autologous and preserved homologous tendon grafts. Collagen synthesis has been studied in preserved autologous and homologous tendon grafts, applied in dogs. The stages of collagen morphogenesis observed in the synthetizing fibroblasts appearing in the decomposing original structure of the transplants as well as in the extracellular ground substance are described. The results suggest that autologous tendon grafts and homologous ones preserved by irradiation, stored in cold physiological saline and beta-propiolactone, are rebuilt within eight weeks; meanwhile the original collagenous fibre structure is decomposed. When other preserving procedures such as deep-freezing or gamma irradiation are applied recomposition of the graft is retarded or fails to occur; the result is a cicatrizing adhesion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031560"}
{"pmid": "1031561", "title": "Selective sympathetic denervation induced by 6-hydroxy-dopamine in the small intestine.", "content": "Selective sympathetic denervation induced by 6-hydroxy-dopamine in the small intestine. The structure of the nerve fibres in the intact and neurally isolated intestine of the cat was studied after 6-OHDA treatment by fluorescence and electron microscopy. A gradual disappearance of green fluorescence in the monoaminergic fibers was observed. Degeneration of nerve fibres containing 30--60 nm agranular and 30--60 nm densecore (granular) vesicles could be seen in all layers of the small intestine. Sporadically, degeneration of the presynaptic elements occurred also in the synapses of myenteric ganglia. A large number of degenerating fibres could be observed in close relation to blood vessels. These were thought to be monoaminergic because 6-OHDA selectively affected their terminals. In the chronically isolated small intestine degenerated nerve processes could not be observed following 6-OHDA treatment. It is concluded that the intrinsic nerve elements do not contain monoamines. Accordingly, the previously observed yellow fluorescence of the nerve elements of the isolated small intestine might be due to some other kind of neurotransmitter, possibly tryptamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031561"}
{"pmid": "1031562", "title": "Parenchymal destruction and arterial changes (haemodialysis intimal fibrosis) of glomerulonephritic kidneys in chronic intermittent haemodialysis.", "content": "Parenchymal destruction and arterial changes (haemodialysis intimal fibrosis) of glomerulonephritic kidneys in chronic intermittent haemodialysis. The kidneys of 13 chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis patients who had been subjected to chronic intermittent haemodialysis were compared with those of 6 patients treated in the conservative way. Their renal parenchyma was examined with a semiquantitative histological method and advanced complete destruction of the glomeruli was demonstrated in the dialysed cases. There was no perceptive difference in the distribution of the various grades of damage of the recognizable glomeruli and tubules. With the exception of the chronic lobular glomerulonephritis cases, a marked obliterative mucoid intimal proliferation (\"haemodialysis-intimal-fibrosis\") had developed in the dialysed glomerulonephritis patients. It affected the renal arteries of all size from the segmental to the interlobular arties. Haemodialysis-intimal-fibrosis did not develop in the additionally examined 13 dialysed chronic pyelonephritis cases nor in 8 such treated conservatively. The change seems to be characteristic, but not specific, for chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis treated by chronic intermittent haemodialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031562"}
{"pmid": "1031563", "title": "Reversibility and interaction with hepatic regeneration of toluene induced liver injury.", "content": "Reversibility and interaction with hepatic regeneration of toluene induced liver injury. Acute and subacute toluene poisoning was induced in CFY rats. Routine histological, enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic investigations revealed that following discontinuation of exposure, the hepatic changes indicating an enhanced load on the detoxicating function (increased SDH activity, increase of mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum, decrease in Best carmine staining and PAS positivity) as well as degeneration (dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, accumulation positivity) as well as degeneration (dilation of endoplasmic reticulum, accumulation of autophagous vacuoles) show a rapid regression. The toxic effect of toluene and the functional load on the liver is thus reversible. In another series, toluene exposure was combined with partial hepatectomy. It has been established by routine histological, enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic techniques as well as by quantitative light and electron microscopic methods that the two interventions show a peculiar interaction: hepatic regeneration following partial hepatectomy inhibited the effect of toluene. On the other hand, the rate of regeneration was not influenced by toluene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031563"}
{"pmid": "1031564", "title": "Myeloid metaplasia in the spleen after acute haemolysis.", "content": "Myeloid metaplasia in the spleen after acute haemolysis. Copper sulphate, phenyl hydrazine and antiserum were administered to adult albino rats to produce equivalent haemolysis. Red pulp activity was studied for myeloid metaplasia after 24, 48 and 72 h, 5 and 7 days. Myeloid metaplasia was not related to the marginal zone proliferation. The activity rose rapidly with all the three agents and followed a similar curve despite the different patterns of haemolysis and erythrophagocytosis. Splenic erythrophagocytosis acts as a powerful feedback for splenic myeloid metaplasia. With copper, the release of reticulocytes and iron binding in haemoglobin is rapid as compared to the other agents, in spite of the initial lag phase, due to its effect on cellular metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031564"}
{"pmid": "1031565", "title": "Frequency of juxtaglomerular granulated cells in the mouse kidney.", "content": "Frequency of juxtaglomerular granulated cells in the mouse kidney. Studies of 23 untreated adult mouse kidneys revealed that in mouse kidney sections the frequency of juxtaglomerular granulated cells as compared to the glomeruli is 38.5 +/- 1.79%, the value for the JGI, 71.8 +/- 3.93. Following 100 glomeruli through complete serial sections prepared from a single mouse kidney, it was shown that in the cortex of the mouse kidney all juxtaglomerular apparatus related to the glomeruli contain renin-producing modified smooth muscle cells with granulated cytoplasm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031565"}
{"pmid": "1031566", "title": "A glycoprotein precipitate in the blood vessels of kidneys stored in cold homologous blood.", "content": "A glycoprotein precipitate in the blood vessels of kidneys stored in cold homologous blood. Dog kidneys were stored three hours at 4 degrees C in heparinized homologous blood. Their histological examination revealed the presence of a homogeneous precipitate in the glomerular capillaries and afferent and efferent arterioles, and histochemical analysis indicated that it consisted of glycoprotein. It is tentatively suggested that the substance is cryoglobulin, a conclusion supported by the disappearance of the deposit on reimplantation of the kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031566"}
{"pmid": "1031567", "title": "Alterations of the Z-band in cardiac and skeletal muscles.", "content": "Alterations of the Z-band in cardiac and skeletal muscles. The heart muscle may react to various hypoxic damaging effects (e.g.N2, CO, haemorrhagic shock, electroshock) by identical responses similarly as in the case of skeletal muscle damages. One of the early manifestations of the process is the alteration of the Z-band, which is considered pathological. The alterations of the Z-band region precede the changes of the mitochondrial and sacrotubular systems and might form the morphological basis of functional changes induced by hypoxic effects. The alterations observed are differentiated from the hypertrophy of the Z-band. In the development of the alterations of the Z-band the role of other factors (e.g. calcium metabolism, sacroplasmatic membrane changes) is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031567"}
{"pmid": "1031569", "title": "Central core in the spinal grey matter.", "content": "Central core in the spinal grey matter. Golgi--Kopsch impregnated spinal cord sections of adult cats revealed a regular orientation of the dendrites in the intermediate region forming a circular or elliptical grey matter. The orientation of the dendrites is strictly transverse in the central core. A new interpretation of the spinal grey matter is proposed by viewing the dorsal, lateral and ventral horns (or columns) as crest-like appendages attached to the rod-like central core. A structural and possibly functional similarity between the central core and the brain stem reticular formation is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031569"}
{"pmid": "1031568", "title": "The cytoarchitecture of the adrenal medulla in the rat.", "content": "The cytoarchitecture of the adrenal medulla in the rat. The disposition of adrenaline and noradrenaline storing cells in the adrenal medulla has been studied in the rat. It has been demonstrated that no morphological or functional reason exists for the follicular designation of clumps of chromaffin cells in the medulla. No significant difference was found between the outer and inner zone as regards the frequency of NA cells by morphometric and statistical methods. The cytoarchitectural differences between adrenaline- and noradrenaline-storing cell arrangement are described. Special features of the interrelation between noradrenaline storing cells, cortical cells and the connective tissue framework are stressed. The light and electron microscopic appearance of two types of cortical cells, assumed to represent different states of functional activity is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031568"}
{"pmid": "1031570", "title": "Intimate contact between human yolk sac endoderm and haemopoietic precursor cells.", "content": "Intimate contact between human yolk sac endoderm and haemopoietic precursor cells. Although the localization of embryonic haemopoietic cells in the endodermal epithelium of the human yolk sac had been discovered several decades ago, the nature and significance of the localization were dubious, and it was supposed that light microscopic pictures represent technical artifacts. Our ultamicrographs now demonstrate that at 16--26 mm CR-length there is an intimate contact between yolk sac endoderm and free haemopoietic precursor cells: apart from interdigitations various types of intercellular contact could be discovered. These contacts, especially the gap-like ones with associated electron dense cytoplasmic areas speak for intercellular communication, i.e., the role of endoderm in early human embryonic haematopoiesis appears likely. The demonstrability of these contacts, however, does not mean that endodermal associations are indispensable for haemopoietic differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031570"}
{"pmid": "1031571", "title": "Blood supply of the rat hypothalamus. IV. Retrochiasmatic area, median eminence, arcuate nucleus.", "content": "Blood supply of the rat hypothalamus. IV. Retrochiasmatic area, median eminence, arcuate nucleus. The vascular supply of the rat hypothalamo-hypophyseal complex was studied by aid of a double injection technique (two dyes different in colour injected successively). The vascular bed of the median eminence, the arcuate nucleus, and the retrochiasmatic area are intimately interconnected among themselves, but isolated from the vascular system of all other parts of the hypothalamus. The arterial supply of this ensemble of the medial basal hypothalamus is common from the hypophyseal arteries, via the primary plexus and the specific vascular loops of the median eminence. From here a separation of the vascular bed leads the blood flow towards the pituitary portal vessels on the one hand, and over a subependymal vascular network towards the arcuate nuclei on the other. The venous drainage of the arcuate nuclei and the retrochiasmatic area is secured by a special set of tuberal and retrochiasmatic veins. --The unity of the vascular bed of the median eminence, arcuate nucleus, retrochiasmatic area complex, with a blood flow largely in the direction indicated by this sequence, is of considerable importance for the interpretation of the results of experimental interference with this region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031571"}
{"pmid": "1031579", "title": "Light and electron microscopic studies of the gastrocnemius muscle in peripheral occlusive vascular disease.", "content": "Light and electron microscopic studies of the gastrocnemius muscle in peripheral occlusive vascular disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031579"}
{"pmid": "1031650", "title": "Rhinoplasty results.", "content": "Rhinoplasty results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031650"}
{"pmid": "1031652", "title": "Rehabilitation of the voice after pharyngolaryngectomy and skin repair. I. Cineradiography.", "content": "Rehabilitation of the voice after pharyngolaryngectomy and skin repair. I. Cineradiography. Eleven patients who had undergone pharyngolaryngectomy and who had poor or no speech were studied to find out why. An absent oesophageal stripping wave and the presence of a 'sump effect' are described. It is concluded that these are two positive anatomical factors mitigating against the acquisition of oesophageal speech in pharyngolaryngectomized patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031652"}
{"pmid": "1031653", "title": "A morphometric study of the laryngeal saccule and sinus.", "content": "A morphometric study of the laryngeal saccule and sinus. A morphometric study of 111 larynxs from both sexes was performed with the initial intention of assessing the incidence of asymptomatic laryngeal pouches. Certain basic measurements were made also to determine the dimensions of the laryngeal saccule and sinus relative to the height and width of the larynx in the two sexes. Asymptomatic pouches were found in 2 patients, one from each sex and there was no obvious difference in the height of the saccule relative to the height of the larynx in the two sexes. However, since the male larynx was deeper in the anteroposterior plane relative to its height, the male saccule tended to be relatively shallower than the female.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031653"}
{"pmid": "1031654", "title": "Late recurrence or radiation induced cancer of the larynx.", "content": "Late recurrence or radiation induced cancer of the larynx. Twenty five patients with squamous carcinoma of the glottis (T1a and T1b) had undergone successful irradiation. Many years later they developed a so-called  late recurrence. The following evidence shows that these 'late recurrences' are radiation induced: the interval of 5-18 years (mean 9.9 years) between the first and the second cancer correlates with the interval seen usually in radiation induced malignancy, recurrences generally appear during the first 2 years after irradiation, all the second cancers were found in the previously irradiated area, in patients treated by surgery only, late recurrences are extremely rare, histological examination clearly shows that the second carcinoma originates from the squamous epithelium and not from dormant nests in the deeper layers of the vocal cord. These factors should be taken into consideration when deciding between surgical or radiation therapy in younger patients with high life expectation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031654"}
{"pmid": "1031657", "title": "Temporary threshold shift and the auditory evoked response. A preliminary report.", "content": "Temporary threshold shift and the auditory evoked response. A preliminary report. A preliminary study was performed on 5 normal subjects to investigate and compare the reduction and recovery of the auditory evoked response (AER), and to compare this with the temporary threshold shift (TTS) that occurs with fatiguing sounds. The findings are discussed in relation to the basic nature of the AER.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031657"}
{"pmid": "1031655", "title": "The place of cytology in laryngeal diagnosis.", "content": "The place of cytology in laryngeal diagnosis. A cytological procedure providing useful supplementary information in the diagnosis of laryngeal malignancy is described. Of 51 patients, 22 had complete correlation with histological examination in confirming a benign condition. Twenty patients had complete correlation in confirming a malignant lesion. Five patients showed cellular atypia in the presence of benign conditions. Three showed atypia, of which 2 were malignant, 1 being unstable histologically but with no evidence of frank malignancy. Ten patients had been irradiated previously; in all cases the distinction between residual disease and no evident disease was correctly diagnosed with respect to the histological appearance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031655"}
{"pmid": "1031656", "title": "Cardiac arrest in otorhinolaryngology.", "content": "Cardiac arrest in otorhinolaryngology. A study has been carried out of 42 episodes of cardiac arrest related to 90 000 otorhinolaryngological operations. The basic pathology, factors precipitating the arrest, and the results of treatment are analysed. Clinical areas presenting special problems are the surgery of cancer of the postcricoid area, deliberate hypotension, anaesthesia for laryngoscopy and respiratory obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031656"}
{"pmid": "1031658", "title": "Facial spasm.", "content": "Facial spasm. There are many varieties of abnormal facial movement. This paper discusses hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm in particular. A technique found useful for the symptomatic relief of idiopathic hemifacial spasm is described, and experience with its use on 15 patients also described. Experiences in the operative treatment of 6 patients with essential blepharospasm are recounted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031658"}
{"pmid": "1031660", "title": "Growth rate and recurrence of residual epidermoid cholesteatoma after tympanoplasty.", "content": "Growth rate and recurrence of residual epidermoid cholesteatoma after tympanoplasty. One hundred and forty-one consecutive patients with chronic otitis media and cholesteatoma treated mainly by open surgical techniques between 1965 and 1972 were studied to investigate the phenomenon of residual cholesteatoma. The average rate of emergence of residual cholesteatoma was 0.25% of the cases per month during the first 5 years, after which the rate of discovery almost ceased. Observed cumulative frequencies of recurrence were 1.4% at 10 months, 14.9% at 5 years and 17.0% at 8.3 years postoperatively. The null hypothesis of no apparent predilection of cholesteatoma for recurrence at any one site was retained. Parameters of growth rates of epidermoid cysts arising from residual cholesteatoma were estimated. Epitympanic cysts grew fairly rapidly, doubling in diameter every 10 months. Mastoid cysts were slower, doubling in diameter every 25 months. Results for the mesotympanum were inconclusive. The practical implications of this information for the management of future cases is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031660"}
{"pmid": "1031661", "title": "Percutaneous teflon injection of a vocal cord under fibre optic laryngoscopic control.", "content": "Percutaneous teflon injection of a vocal cord under fibre optic laryngoscopic control. The technique of percutaneous injection of Teflon paste into a paralysed abducted vocal cord using a fibre optic laryngoscope to observe and control the effect is described. Its use in vocal cord paralysis caused by inoperable bronchogenic carcinoma and the results in 14 patients are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031661"}
{"pmid": "1031659", "title": "Transtympanic electrocochleography in the diagnosis of retrocochlear tumours.", "content": "Transtympanic electrocochleography in the diagnosis of retrocochlear tumours. Transtympanic electrocochleography has been used as a diagnostic procedure in over 250 adult patients with sensorineural deafness. No complications have been encountered. Among these patients vestibulocochlear Schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) has been confirmed in 56 ears while 11 other ears have been found to be affected by other space-occupying lesions. As a result of our observations in these patients, we would like to propose that there are at least three separate criteria to be considered in reaching or strongly suspecting a diagnosis of such pathology. These are broadening of the action potential (loss of P1), observation of a clear microphonic response, and preservation of the action potential even when using stimulus intensities which are not audible in the patients' affected ears. The merits of each of these criteria are discussed and compared with other clinical and operative findings. With the electrocochleographic techniques now employed in searching for acoustic neuromas, false negative results are rare though false positive results are still obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031659"}
{"pmid": "1031651", "title": "Mastoid surgery: the swing of the pendulum.", "content": "Mastoid surgery: the swing of the pendulum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031651"}
{"pmid": "1031663", "title": "Salivary gland chromosomes of Lucilia cuprina (Diptera, Caliphoridae).", "content": "Salivary gland chromosomes of Lucilia cuprina (Diptera, Caliphoridae). The salivary gland chromosome complement in Lucilia cuprina consists of five pairs of autosomes and two sex chromosomes X and Y, all with characteristic banding patterns. A standard map for the salivary gland chromosomes of this species has been prepared, and compared with the known map of Lucilia cuprina dorsalis from Australia. The differences in their banding patterns indicate the existence of different varieties within the same species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031663"}
{"pmid": "1031662", "title": "A second method for induction of a transmissible entity in the control of cancer in mice.", "content": "A second method for induction of a transmissible entity in the control of cancer in mice. Spontaneous tumour-bearing mice of the C3H/St and subline C3HB/St inbred strains received injections of three nucleosides, adenosine, 6-methyl adenosine, and 5-methyl cytidine, prepared in the same molecular concentration as they had occurred in an alcohol-soluble liver extract which in previous work had suppressed tumour growth. Two transmissible entities appear to be present and they show different degrees of effect upon the growth and regression of spontaneous tumours of mammary gland origin (adenocarcinoma). The first transmissible entity (TE) occurred in the lineal descent of mice following injection of the liver extract. The second entity (TE2) appeared following injection of 5-methyl cytidine. TE manifested its maximum effect in suppressing cancer in mice during the 20th generation of a lineal descent following the injection of the original liver extract into a mother of the cancer proband. TE2 appears to be optimal in controlling cancer in the F11 generation of a second lineal descent derived from an original cancer proband of the C3H/St inbred strain injected with 5-methyl cytidine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031662"}
{"pmid": "1031665", "title": "Is extrasensory perception extrasensory?", "content": "Is extrasensory perception extrasensory?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031665"}
{"pmid": "1031664", "title": "Ultrastructural and physiological changes induced by atractylate in the canine myocardium.", "content": "Ultrastructural and physiological changes induced by atractylate in the canine myocardium. The myocardial cellular response to the cardiac glycoside atractylate, a known inhibitor of mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocation, was examined physiologically, morphologically, and morphometrically in eight dogs. An isolated in situ segment of left ventricular tissue was employed in these experiments to eliminate collateral flow and the potential for large sampling error. It was found that atractylate infusion rapidly induced physiological and morphological changes suggestive of a loss of membrane regulation of ion flux in the arteriole, capillary endothelium, and myocardial cell. Also mitochondrial changes suggestive of adenine nucleotide translocase inhibition were observed. As these responses are similar to those induced by acute myocardial ischaemia, it is suggested that ischaemia and atractylate induce cell injury by similar mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031664"}
{"pmid": "1031666", "title": "Clinical drug information profit or knowledge orientated.", "content": "Clinical drug information profit or knowledge orientated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031666"}
{"pmid": "1031677", "title": "The use of fibroblast and epidermal growth factors to lower the serum requirement for growth of normal diploid cells in early passage: a new method for cloning.", "content": "The use of fibroblast and epidermal growth factors to lower the serum requirement for growth of normal diploid cells in early passage: a new method for cloning. The proliferation of animal cells in tissue culture requires unidentified macromolecules that are contained in serum. Since serum is an extremely complex mixture, efforts to purify these growth-promoting components of serum have met only limited success. On the assumption that these growth-promoting macromolecules in serum are synthesized in active form in some tissue other than blood, we investigated the possibility that they may be purified more readily from specific organs than from serum. We have concentrated our efforts on two likely sources: the pituitary gland, since partially-purified preparations of pituitary hormones have been reported to stimulate the growth of cells in vitro and brain, since neural tissue is essential for the regrowth of amputated limbs in lower vertebrates capable of regeneration. Both pituitary and brain have yielded a strongly mitogenic polypeptide that we call Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF). FGF was named on the basis of early studies demonstrating its effect on fibroblastic cells: 3T3 cells, amniotic fluid-derived cells, and fibroblasts from human foreskin and mouse embryos. Further work has revealed that FGF promotes the growth of several other mesoderm-derived cell types including adrenal cells, chondrocytes, myoblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, and vascular endothelial cells. The effect of FGF will be compared to that of EGF and its use for cloning mammalian cells will be described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031677"}
{"pmid": "1031678", "title": "Large-scale cultivation of cells in closed systems: stationary and moving.", "content": "Large-scale cultivation of cells in closed systems: stationary and moving. Basic metabolic differences have been observed for cell cultures propagated in conventional stationary or rotating systems. The influence of these differences on virus characteristics is largely unknown but could be significant in maintenance of genetic stability of attenuated strains. Current requirements for good manufacturing procedures prompted the development of closed systems for both stationary and rotating cultures. Both are suitable for large-scale virus production. The methods will be described along with data on yields of a number of vaccine viruses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031678"}
{"pmid": "1031680", "title": "Development of a perfusion culture system for production of biologicals using contact dependent cells.", "content": "Development of a perfusion culture system for production of biologicals using contact dependent cells. Design and evaluation of a new type of culture vessel for contact dependent cells is described. Cells are grown on both sides of stationary glass plates in a laminar flow of medium supplied from separate reservoirs. Construction and operation of vessels ranging in growth surface from 0.02 to 10 m2 is relatively simple and there are no moving parts. Cells can be inspected by low power microscopy in the usual way. Evaluation of this equipment was carried out using the human diploid cell line MRC-5. Saturation densities of up to 1 million cells per square centimetre of growth surface were obtained where appropriate medium volumes were used. Application of this sytem to other cell types and the production of biological products is briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031680"}
{"pmid": "1031681", "title": "Updated results on the karyology of the WI-38, MRC-5 and MRC-9 cell strains.", "content": "Updated results on the karyology of the WI-38, MRC-5 and MRC-9 cell strains. Data concerning cumulative results obtained from studies of the karyology of the characterized MRC-5 cell strain and the MRC-9 strain at present being characterized, indicate that these cells have karyological characteristics similar to each other and to the extensively studied WI-38 cell strain. The general inference from these studies is that the cells are karyotypically stable and that their karyological characteristics are within the limits recommended for normal cell populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031681"}
{"pmid": "1031682", "title": "Reappraisal of karyological monitoring of diploid cell substrates.", "content": "Reappraisal of karyological monitoring of diploid cell substrates. The practical aspects of present requirements for karyological monitoring of diploid human fibroblasts used in vaccine production are critically re-examined. A brief review of known chromosomal instabilities and their correlations with neoplasia and with in vitro conversions of cell growth is presented and discussed in relation to karyological criteria in the selection of mammalian diploid cell substrates. It is proposed that extensive experience with the growth and karyological characteristics of human diploid fibroblast cell strains of embryonic origin may warrant the reduction or elimination of karyological monitoring of production lots. Additional requirements for characterization of cell strains for approval as substrates for vaccines are suggested which involve evaluations of chromosomal stability based upon (a) viral transformation rate and (b) aberration production rate in response to x-irradiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031682"}
{"pmid": "1031684", "title": "Karyological characterization of WI-38 cells used in the production of vaccines.", "content": "Karyological characterization of WI-38 cells used in the production of vaccines. According to the valid requirements, samples of WI-38 cells taken prior to the final subcultivation for vaccine production by the manufacturer, were reconstituted, subcultivated and investigated in our control laboratories. Chromosome monitoring was done using permanent orcein stained slide preparations for direct evaluation and photographs of all selected cells for exact counts, scoring for breaks and karyotype analysis in the case of abnormalities. The tabulated summary of karyological analyses on more than 2000 cells shows that with one exception, the chromosome abnormalities did not exceed the upper limits of karyological acceptability. Photographs of abnormalities detected are presented as well as metaphases and reconstructed karyotypes. Our data are compared with those provided by the manufacturer. Obvious discrepancies in the frequency of abnormalities might be due to higher passage levels of the identical cell material tested by us and to slight differences in the methods of preparation and evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031684"}
{"pmid": "1031679", "title": "The large-scale cultivation of diploid cell strains in microcarrier culture. Improvement of microcarriers.", "content": "The large-scale cultivation of diploid cell strains in microcarrier culture. Improvement of microcarriers. The use of diploid cell strains for virus vaccine production is mostly retarded by the inefficient culture techniques used for the propagation of these cells. The microcarrier culture system might be a good solution for this problem. DEAE-gels appear to be the most satisfactory microcarrier. The best results are obtained by using DEAE-gels with a rather low anionic exchange capacity or at higher capacity after coating with polymers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031679"}
{"pmid": "1031683", "title": "Observations of the incidence of structural abnormalities in the chromosomes of WI-38 cells prepared for vaccine manufacture.", "content": "Observations of the incidence of structural abnormalities in the chromosomes of WI-38 cells prepared for vaccine manufacture. Chromosome monitoring of 500 batches of WI-38 cells prepared for vaccine manufacture involved examining 50-60,000 metaphases at p31-32. Results collected over 6 years showed the mean incidence of aneuploidy and breaks to decrease slightly, whereas the incidence of structural abnormalities followed a sharply rising trend, eventually reaching a level where a substantial proportion of cell batches exceeded the limit set for this parameter for vaccine substrates. No technical or cultural factor accounted for the trend which appeared to be correlated with the date of receipt of the seed ampoule. The confidence limits set for this parameter in 1971 were regarded then as provisional. It is suggested that in the light of the observations reported, the position should now be reconsidered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031683"}
{"pmid": "1031688", "title": "Production and control of rabies vaccines made on diploid cells.", "content": "Production and control of rabies vaccines made on diploid cells. Introductory remarks on the advantages of antirabies vaccines obtained from human diploid cell cultures in comparison with brain tissue vaccine and duck embryo vaccine. The characteristics of these new types of vaccine are: (i) high antigenicity, (ii) rapid development of antibodies, (iii) absence of adverse reactions even when the booster inoculation was given two years later. The disadvantage is the high cost of production to obtain a highly purified product.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031688"}
{"pmid": "1031685", "title": "The need for non-cultural methods for the detection of mycoplasma contaminants.", "content": "The need for non-cultural methods for the detection of mycoplasma contaminants. Mycoplasmas are common contaminants of cell cultures and are of great importance because of the deleterious effects they have upon the infected host cells. Routine detection testing usually relies upon cultural methods and demonstration of characteristic colonies on agar. Questions as to the efficacy of this method have been raised because of increasing realization of the presence of \"non-cultivable\" mycoplasmas. Several non-cultural detection methods have been developed to aid in the detection of these fastidious microorganisms. These methods include morphology by light and electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, enzyme assays, autoradiography, sucrose gradient separation, altered transport of nucleic acid precursors and altered nucleic acid profiles. A comparison of the relative sensitivities of these methods will be outlined. The need for, and the feasibility of non-cultural detection methods as quality control tests in human virus vaccine production will be discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031685"}
{"pmid": "1031690", "title": "Clinical responses to T(n)BP-disrupted HDCS (WI-38) rabies vaccine.", "content": "Clinical responses to T(n)BP-disrupted HDCS (WI-38) rabies vaccine. Study of 10 batches of an antirabies vaccine made from purified, concentrated subunits (Pitman-Moore strain adapted to Wistar HDCS). One single dose of vaccine is insufficient; three or more doses induce high antibody levels. Among more than 2000 vaccines secondary reactions were rare and generally mild and transient. All the individuals vaccinated post-exposure remained without rabic symptoms. The vaccine was also particularly efficacious for booster doses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031690"}
{"pmid": "1031689", "title": "Post-exposure use of human diploid cell culture rabies vaccine.", "content": "Post-exposure use of human diploid cell culture rabies vaccine. 880 individuals, 120 of which were exposed to rabid animals, were immunized pre- or post-exposure with 2 different BPL-inactivated and concentrated rabies vaccines prepared in HDC strains WI-38 and MRC-5. The vaccines were well tolerated and no major side effects were observed after primary immunization with 3-10 doses or 1 booster vaccination. The dynamics of neutralizing, antibody formation and persistence of antibodies in 4 different groups of vaccinees are described. The groups were vaccinated pre-exposure (I) on days 0, 28 and 56; (II) on days 0, 7 and 14; (III) on days 0, 3, 7 and 21; and (IV) post-exposure on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30 and 90. High antibody levels--persisting for at least 30 months--were obtained in all patients. The CFT, using a concentrated and purified virion antigen, was highly specific for rabies virus antibody demonstration. Since in some 50 patients under severe risk, after having been bitten and/or scratched by proven rabid animals, not a single breakthough of immunity was observed during an observation time between 1/2 and 3 years, the protective effect of the HDCS-rabies vaccines seems to be excellent. With regard to their high immunogenicity and extremely low reactogenicity, the new HDCS-vaccines can be recommended for prophylactic and post-exposure immunization of man without any reserve. Data on simultaneous application of homologous anti-rabies gammaglobulin from man (20 I.E./kg body-weight) and HDCS-vaccines are also presented and discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031689"}
{"pmid": "1031695", "title": "The nutrient requirements of MRC-5 human diploid cells.", "content": "The nutrient requirements of MRC-5 human diploid cells. Nutrients were assayed by their effect on maximum cell yield (maximum cell population less inoculum) of MRC-5 cells previously maintained in Eagle's basal medium with 10% (v/v) serum, trypsinised, centrifuged and washed. When nonlimiting amounts of iron, methylcellulose and a 68-component supplement were included in our defined medium, cell yields obtained were equivalent to those obtained with 2 to 3% whole serum. Growth then became limited by serum growth factors which, when serum was fractionated by the low temperature ethanol procedure, appeared to precipitate with the alpha-globulins, although the distribution of activity varied from batch to batch of serum. Column chromatography (DEAE and concanavalin A-Sepharose) of serum resulted in much (20 to 45%) loss of growth factor activity during exhaustive dialysis or Sephadex G-25 desalting suggesting that the growth factor may be a diffusible molecule bound in serum to a large protein carrier.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031695"}
{"pmid": "1031691", "title": "Production of RA27/3 rubella vaccine and clinical results with the vaccine.", "content": "Production of RA27/3 rubella vaccine and clinical results with the vaccine. Adaptation of rubella virus to human diploid cell strains was achieved in 1964, with attenuation in the same cells being accomplished by 1967. The production of rubella vaccine in HDCS is featured by the long period required to build up high titer. High multiplicity of infection gives optimal results. Since rubella virus does not produce a cytopathic effect in HDCS, virus harvests must be made blindly and titrated individually before pooling. A unique feature of this cell-virus relationship is the continuous virus production which takes place for months. For vaccine purposes, however, virus-containing supernatant fluids may be harvested each 48 hrs from the 5th to the 21st day post-infection. Lyophilization presents no particular problems and final titers in ampoules can be as high as 10(5.0) PFU, which represents about 100 subcutaneous doses. Control of rubella vaccine presents only the problem that viral CPE is absent or mild. Therefore the presence or absence of virus may have to be determined by interference. Titration of rubella virus produced in HDCS must be by plaquing in RK13 rabbit kidney cells or by interference in cynomolgus monkey kidney cells. Rubella vaccine (RA27/3 strain) produced in HDCS has been more immunogenic than other strains and retains an ability to infect intranasally as well as subcutaneously.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031691"}
{"pmid": "1031693", "title": "Mislabeling, contamination, and other sins of cultured flesh.", "content": "Mislabeling, contamination, and other sins of cultured flesh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031693"}
{"pmid": "1031694", "title": "Towards a chemically defined medium for the growth of normal human diploid cells.", "content": "Towards a chemically defined medium for the growth of normal human diploid cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031694"}
{"pmid": "1031686", "title": "Tumourigenicity testing in immunosuppressed mice: advantages and disadvantages.", "content": "Tumourigenicity testing in immunosuppressed mice: advantages and disadvantages. Optimal conditions for the detection of malignant cells substrates were investigated. Three approaches were used: (1) neonatally thymectomized, antithymocyte serum (ATS) treated mice, (2) thymectomized, lethally irriadiated, bone marrow reconstituted (T-B+mice, and (3) congenitally athymic nu/nu (nude) mice. All three systems successfully distinguished between normal and malignant cell lines. However, differences were observed between different colonies of nude mice as to their capacity to support progressive growth of certain tumours. Advantages and disadvantages of the immunosuppressed mouse model system will be discussed. They will include: (a) detection of malignant cells in mixed populations, (b) need for different routes of inoculation for different cell types, (c) comparison with other malignancy testing systems, (d) long term versus short term immunosuppression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031686"}
{"pmid": "1031687", "title": "The significance of positive controls in testing the oncogenic potential of cell material for virus vaccine production.", "content": "The significance of positive controls in testing the oncogenic potential of cell material for virus vaccine production. For all the parts involved in the production and control of virus vaccine it is important that controls of the cell material should be carried out under optimal conditions for the detection of any abnormal characteristics of the cells. The experiments reported here attempt to establish some of the optimal parameters for testing out the tumor-inducing properties of a human diploid cell culture. All experiments were carried out on 6-week old Syrian hamsters and the main objectives were: (i) to devise an optimal immunosupression scheme and (ii) to find a more suitable positive control for testing the oncogenic potential of the human diploid cells. The anti-hamster lymphocyte serum proved to be a more potent immunosuppresser than hydrocortisone succinate as seen from the development of tumors following injections with KB cells; this scheme was subsequently used in assessing the usefulness of KB and Swiss-12 cells as positive controls. The experiments lend support to the suggestion that a heteroploid fibroblastic culture (such as Swiss-12) should become a standard positive control since not only are the tumors so obtained larger and less prone to early necrosis but, more important, they bear a closer resemblance to the kind of tumors likely to be induced by the diploid cell cultures being tested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031687"}
{"pmid": "1031692", "title": "Use of human diploid cell MRC-5, for production of measles and rubella virus vaccines.", "content": "Use of human diploid cell MRC-5, for production of measles and rubella virus vaccines. A further attenuated strain of measles virus, called AIK strain, developed by Makino and his colleagues at the Kitasato Institute, Tokyo, was adapted to human diploid cells (HDC), MRC-5. In a field trial it was found that this strain initiates a low rate of clinical reactions and 100% seroconversion in vaccines. An attenuated strain of rubella virus, called Takahashi strain, isolated by Shishido at the National Institute of Health, Japan, was also adapted to HDC, MRC-5. Brief details of production of an experimental rubella vaccine are given. Up to 20 harvests of virus were made from each culture without any apparent alteration of diploid cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031692"}
{"pmid": "1031799", "title": "Effects of vagotomy on the catecholamine-containing cells in the gastric mucosa of the rat: an electron microscopic study.", "content": "Effects of vagotomy on the catecholamine-containing cells in the gastric mucosa of the rat: an electron microscopic study. The ECL cells in the fundic mucosa from five different groups of fasted rats were examined by means of electron microscopy; in the control animals, the majority of the secretory granule of the ECL cells contained electron-dense material. Previous studies in our laboratory indicate that this material probably represents a catecholamine. In the second and third groups, in which truncal vagotomy plus pyloroplasty was performed, the secretory granules were depleted of their content. In the fourth group in which vagotomized animals were treated with iproniazid and L-dopa, the mature secretory granules were depleted but formation of new granules was apparent. In the fifth group, in which pyloroplasty alone had been performed, the content of the granules was the same as in the control group. It was concluded that the endocrine function of the ECL cells is under vagal control and that vagotomy causes release of catecholamines from these cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031799"}
{"pmid": "1031837", "title": "Micro-organisms in the midgut of tsetse fly larvae.", "content": "Micro-organisms in the midgut of tsetse fly larvae. Two types of micro-organisms were found in the midgut of Glossina morsitans larvae, a large Gram-negative bacterial rod and a small Gram-negative rickettsia-like micro-organism, although the occurrence of the rickettsial type is restricted. The location of these micro-organisms in a small area of the proventriculus of all three larval instars is discussed. The large micro-organisms resemble milk-gland bacteria, and further evidence is presented in support of a milk transmission hypothesis for these micro-organisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031837"}
{"pmid": "1031838", "title": "Studies on the bacteriophage PS8 of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend) Conn: physico-chemical properties of its DNA.", "content": "Studies on the bacteriophage PS8 of Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend) Conn: physico-chemical properties of its DNA. DNA from the bacteriophage PS8 was extracted and purified. The buoyant density was determined was 1.716 cm3/g. The guanine-cytosine content was calculated to be 57%. DNA molecules which looked like circles were found among linear strands in an electron-microscopic study. With an endonuclease from Streptomyces albus G the DNA was digested to 19 fragments, with molecular weights ranging from 600 to 7,400 daltons. The molecular weight of the DNA was determined to be 38.8 X 10(6) daltons +/- 8.7%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031838"}
{"pmid": "1031839", "title": "Radiological diagnosis of posterior fossa tumours in childhood.", "content": "Radiological diagnosis of posterior fossa tumours in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031839"}
{"pmid": "1031842", "title": "The vascular malformations of the vertebrobasilar trunk in infancy.", "content": "The vascular malformations of the vertebrobasilar trunk in infancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031842"}
{"pmid": "1031843", "title": "Various developmental anomalies of the posterior fossa. A radio-pathological study.", "content": "Various developmental anomalies of the posterior fossa. A radio-pathological study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031843"}
{"pmid": "1031841", "title": "Magnification angiography of the posterior cranial fossa in pediatry.", "content": "Magnification angiography of the posterior cranial fossa in pediatry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031841"}
{"pmid": "1031840", "title": "The arteries of the posterior cranial fossa in new-born.", "content": "The arteries of the posterior cranial fossa in new-born.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031840"}
{"pmid": "1031844", "title": "Problems of diagnosis and treatment in the Dandy-Walker syndrome.", "content": "Problems of diagnosis and treatment in the Dandy-Walker syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031844"}
{"pmid": "1031845", "title": "Congenital atresia of the foramen of Magendie, so-called Dandy-Walker syndrome.", "content": "Congenital atresia of the foramen of Magendie, so-called Dandy-Walker syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031845"}
{"pmid": "1031849", "title": "Late death in cases of treated internal hydrocephalus caused by encephalo-cranial disproportion.", "content": "Late death in cases of treated internal hydrocephalus caused by encephalo-cranial disproportion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031849"}
{"pmid": "1031847", "title": "Surgical management of Chiari malformation in children.", "content": "Surgical management of Chiari malformation in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031847"}
{"pmid": "1031852", "title": "Malformation of the cranio-vertebral region. Technical notes and case report.", "content": "Malformation of the cranio-vertebral region. Technical notes and case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031852"}
{"pmid": "1031846", "title": "Malformative pathology of the medial structures of the posterior fossa: considerations on 17 cases.", "content": "Malformative pathology of the medial structures of the posterior fossa: considerations on 17 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031846"}
{"pmid": "1031848", "title": "Surgical treatment of encephalocele complicated by hydrocephalus.", "content": "Surgical treatment of encephalocele complicated by hydrocephalus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031848"}
{"pmid": "1031850", "title": "Cystic malformation of the aqueduct and of the fourth ventricle.", "content": "Cystic malformation of the aqueduct and of the fourth ventricle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031850"}
{"pmid": "1031851", "title": "Hypoplasia of the tentorium with pseudohernia of the occipital lobe into the posterior cranial fossa.", "content": "Hypoplasia of the tentorium with pseudohernia of the occipital lobe into the posterior cranial fossa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031851"}
{"pmid": "1031855", "title": "Echographic and biochemical methods for evaluating hydrocephalus and shunting procedures.", "content": "Echographic and biochemical methods for evaluating hydrocephalus and shunting procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031855"}
{"pmid": "1031854", "title": "CT (computerized tomography) in paediatric neurosurgery. Results of a survey of 400 patients.", "content": "CT (computerized tomography) in paediatric neurosurgery. Results of a survey of 400 patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031854"}
{"pmid": "1031853", "title": "The treatment of posterior fossa tumours in childhood.", "content": "The treatment of posterior fossa tumours in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031853"}
{"pmid": "1031863", "title": "Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with infected ventriculoatrial shunt. Report of two cases recovered after removal of the shunt.", "content": "Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with infected ventriculoatrial shunt. Report of two cases recovered after removal of the shunt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031863"}
{"pmid": "1031858", "title": "A new technical method of ventriculoatrial shunt implantation.", "content": "A new technical method of ventriculoatrial shunt implantation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031858"}
{"pmid": "1031857", "title": "The medical treatment of hydrocephalus using isosorbide.", "content": "The medical treatment of hydrocephalus using isosorbide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031857"}
{"pmid": "1031860", "title": "Reconstitution of the cerebral mantle in shunted hydrocephalic children.", "content": "Reconstitution of the cerebral mantle in shunted hydrocephalic children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031860"}
{"pmid": "1031862", "title": "The possible causes of good long-term results following surgical treatment of hydrocephalus.", "content": "The possible causes of good long-term results following surgical treatment of hydrocephalus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031862"}
{"pmid": "1031861", "title": "Follow-up study of 360 children subjected to extracranial CSF shunt for hydrocephalus.", "content": "Follow-up study of 360 children subjected to extracranial CSF shunt for hydrocephalus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031861"}
{"pmid": "1031865", "title": "Management and prognosis of gliomas of the optic pathways in children.", "content": "Management and prognosis of gliomas of the optic pathways in children. A follow-up study was made of 24 children with glioma of the optic pathways. In gliomas restricted to one optic nerve, total excision should be performed. The prognosis is excellent. Radiotherapy is not indicated. In gliomas of the anterior chiasm, a biopsy should be taken; occasionally, partial removal is indicated. The prognosis is good. Radiotherapy is indicated only if the follow-up shows a progression in the visual signs. In most cases, the growth of the tumor seems to be arrested. The vision remains stable and most patients have a useful degree of vision in at least one eye. In gliomas of the posterior chiasm with hypothalamic signs, the prognosis is poor. A biopsy and radiotherapy are indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031865"}
{"pmid": "1031856", "title": "Cerebrospinal fluid absorption studies in patients with myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus. Preliminary report.", "content": "Cerebrospinal fluid absorption studies in patients with myelomeningocele and hydrocephalus. Preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031856"}
{"pmid": "1031864", "title": "Results of microsurgical treatment of gliomas of the optic system and the hypothalamus in children.", "content": "Results of microsurgical treatment of gliomas of the optic system and the hypothalamus in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031864"}
{"pmid": "1031868", "title": "Operative indications in dysraphic malformations. Follow-up studies and late results.", "content": "Operative indications in dysraphic malformations. Follow-up studies and late results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031868"}
{"pmid": "1031866", "title": "Pituitary adenomas in infancy and childhood.", "content": "Pituitary adenomas in infancy and childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031866"}
{"pmid": "1031867", "title": "Unusual features of an orbital neurofibroma.", "content": "Unusual features of an orbital neurofibroma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031867"}
{"pmid": "1031869", "title": "The present diagnostic approach of the mass lesions of the posterior fossa in children.", "content": "The present diagnostic approach of the mass lesions of the posterior fossa in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031869"}
{"pmid": "1031871", "title": "Neuroradiological and longitudinal studies of the pineal region tumors.", "content": "Neuroradiological and longitudinal studies of the pineal region tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031871"}
{"pmid": "1031872", "title": "A method in surgical treatment of premature closure of metopic suture (trigonocephaly).", "content": "A method in surgical treatment of premature closure of metopic suture (trigonocephaly).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031872"}
{"pmid": "1031874", "title": "Pathogenetic hypothesis of intracortical calcifications in Sturge-Weber disease. Case report following lobectomy.", "content": "Pathogenetic hypothesis of intracortical calcifications in Sturge-Weber disease. Case report following lobectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031874"}
{"pmid": "1031875", "title": "Section of the portio minor of the trigeminal nerve for the treatment of the Marcus Gunn phenomenon.", "content": "Section of the portio minor of the trigeminal nerve for the treatment of the Marcus Gunn phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031875"}
{"pmid": "1031876", "title": "Brain abscess in children.", "content": "Brain abscess in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031876"}
{"pmid": "1031877", "title": "Brain tumor with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy in children.", "content": "Brain tumor with ipsilateral cerebral hemiatrophy in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031877"}
{"pmid": "1031878", "title": "Kleeblattschädel syndrome. Report of a treated case.", "content": "Kleeblattschädel syndrome. Report of a treated case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031878"}
{"pmid": "1031879", "title": "Hydatid cyst of the fourth ventricle in a six-year-old child.", "content": "Hydatid cyst of the fourth ventricle in a six-year-old child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031879"}
{"pmid": "1031881", "title": "Features of the clinical evolution following the acute stage in severe traumatic coma in childhood. A study of 45 cases of so-called apallic syndrome.", "content": "Features of the clinical evolution following the acute stage in severe traumatic coma in childhood. A study of 45 cases of so-called apallic syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031881"}
{"pmid": "1031880", "title": "Severe head injury without mass lesion in children. The role of intracranial hypertension.", "content": "Severe head injury without mass lesion in children. The role of intracranial hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031880"}
{"pmid": "1031885", "title": "Cerebrospinal fluid derivation in posterior cranial fossa tumor with hydrocephalus.", "content": "Cerebrospinal fluid derivation in posterior cranial fossa tumor with hydrocephalus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031885"}
{"pmid": "1031882", "title": "Morbid anatomy of the tumours of the posterior fossa in childhood.", "content": "Morbid anatomy of the tumours of the posterior fossa in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031882"}
{"pmid": "1031883", "title": "Ventricular fluid pressure in posterior fossa tumors of childhood.", "content": "Ventricular fluid pressure in posterior fossa tumors of childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031883"}
{"pmid": "1031884", "title": "Management of hydrocephalus secondary to posterior fossa tumors.", "content": "Management of hydrocephalus secondary to posterior fossa tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031884"}
{"pmid": "1031859", "title": "Gas study in arrested hydrocephalus with chiasmatic block.", "content": "Gas study in arrested hydrocephalus with chiasmatic block.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031859"}
{"pmid": "1031886", "title": "The value of preoperative shunts in posterior fossa tumors.", "content": "The value of preoperative shunts in posterior fossa tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031886"}
{"pmid": "1031887", "title": "Clinical and diagnostic problems in posterior fossa tumors in children (analysis of 100 cases).", "content": "Clinical and diagnostic problems in posterior fossa tumors in children (analysis of 100 cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031887"}
{"pmid": "1031888", "title": "Posterior fossa tumors in childhood.", "content": "Posterior fossa tumors in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031888"}
{"pmid": "1031892", "title": "New problems in the therapy of medulloblastomas.", "content": "New problems in the therapy of medulloblastomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031892"}
{"pmid": "1031891", "title": "Postoperative hyperthermia following posterior fossa craniotomy.", "content": "Postoperative hyperthermia following posterior fossa craniotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031891"}
{"pmid": "1031889", "title": "Tumoral versus non-tumoral posterior fossa lesions. A clinical diagnostic problem.", "content": "Tumoral versus non-tumoral posterior fossa lesions. A clinical diagnostic problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031889"}
{"pmid": "1031873", "title": "Operative problems in encephalocele.", "content": "Operative problems in encephalocele.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031873"}
{"pmid": "1031893", "title": "Experiences with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of tumors involving the caudal brain stem.", "content": "Experiences with radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of tumors involving the caudal brain stem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031893"}
{"pmid": "1031890", "title": "Treatment and prevention of complications following surgery for tumors involving the posterior cranial fossa.", "content": "Treatment and prevention of complications following surgery for tumors involving the posterior cranial fossa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031890"}
{"pmid": "1031870", "title": "Primary spinal cord tumors in infancy and childhood. Remarks on 53 operated cases.", "content": "Primary spinal cord tumors in infancy and childhood. Remarks on 53 operated cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031870"}
{"pmid": "1031894", "title": "Posterior fossa tuberculomas.", "content": "Posterior fossa tuberculomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031894"}
{"pmid": "1031904", "title": "Mucins from cystic fibrosis sputum.", "content": "Mucins from cystic fibrosis sputum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031904"}
{"pmid": "1031897", "title": "The value of computerized axial tomography (CAT) in early diagnosis of intracerebellar hemorrhage in children.", "content": "The value of computerized axial tomography (CAT) in early diagnosis of intracerebellar hemorrhage in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031897"}
{"pmid": "1031896", "title": "Diagnosis of posterior fossa malformations in infants and children using axial computerized tomography (CT).", "content": "Diagnosis of posterior fossa malformations in infants and children using axial computerized tomography (CT).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031896"}
{"pmid": "1031898", "title": "Mucous glycoproteins.", "content": "Mucous glycoproteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031898"}
{"pmid": "1031903", "title": "Tracheobronchial mucus secretion in vivo and in vitro by epithelial tissues from cystic fibrosis and control subjects.", "content": "Tracheobronchial mucus secretion in vivo and in vitro by epithelial tissues from cystic fibrosis and control subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031903"}
{"pmid": "1031899", "title": "The composition of human gastric mucin.", "content": "The composition of human gastric mucin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031899"}
{"pmid": "1031900", "title": "Synthesis and secretion of respiratory tract mucins by tracheal explants.", "content": "Synthesis and secretion of respiratory tract mucins by tracheal explants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031900"}
{"pmid": "1031902", "title": "Bronchial mucus secretion in cystic fibrosis.", "content": "Bronchial mucus secretion in cystic fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031902"}
{"pmid": "1031901", "title": "Pathophysiology of mucus secretion in cystic fibrosis.", "content": "Pathophysiology of mucus secretion in cystic fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031901"}
{"pmid": "1031919", "title": "Season of birth and Schneider-oriented diagnosis of affective disorder.", "content": "Season of birth and Schneider-oriented diagnosis of affective disorder. Most earlier studies and all recent studies on national samples have shown that compared with live births in the control population, schizophrenic patients have a significant excess of birth rates in the winter or early months of the year. In contrast, only some of the early research efforts and only some of the national studies (in England and Wales as well as for certain decades in Sweden) have demonstrated that the same holds true for patients with affective psychosis. The present German study, carried out on affective disorder diagnosed in a strongly Kurt Schneider-oriented clinic, found (as did most Scandinavian research on national samples) that there was no significant overrepresentation of births in the winter or early months of the year for all types of affective disorder, neurotic as well as psychotic. Thus, the findings on Schneider-diagnosed affective disturbances were similar to those on Schneider-diagnosed schizophrenia reported elsewhere.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031919"}
{"pmid": "1031920", "title": "Death anxiety in normal children and adolescents.", "content": "Death anxiety in normal children and adolescents. Instruments devised to measure death anxiety, depression, and manifest anxiety in adults were administered to 75 junior high-school students, 111 senior high-school students, and 38 adults in an effort ot determine the nature of any developmental differences among these groups. A number of significant differences were noted, with the senior high-school students showing greater anxiety, depression, and death anxiety than the other groups. These results are discussed in the context of tasks of adolescent development, and an item analysis of the death anziety questionnaire is presented. Developmental differences in the origin of death anxiety are related to previous studies of death anxiety in adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031920"}
{"pmid": "1031909", "title": "Rheological factors in mucociliary clearance. The assessment of mucotropic agents using an in vitro model.", "content": "Rheological factors in mucociliary clearance. The assessment of mucotropic agents using an in vitro model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031909"}
{"pmid": "1031905", "title": "Mucus rheology and mucociliary clearance.", "content": "Mucus rheology and mucociliary clearance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031905"}
{"pmid": "1031895", "title": "Acoustic neurinomas in infancy. Report on four cases.", "content": "Acoustic neurinomas in infancy. Report on four cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031895"}
{"pmid": "1031907", "title": "Impairment of mucociliary transport in cystic fibrosis.", "content": "Impairment of mucociliary transport in cystic fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031907"}
{"pmid": "1031908", "title": "Mucociliary clearance in cystic fibrosis.", "content": "Mucociliary clearance in cystic fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031908"}
{"pmid": "1031912", "title": "Studies of mucus permeability. Water transport through intestinal mucus layers.", "content": "Studies of mucus permeability. Water transport through intestinal mucus layers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031912"}
{"pmid": "1031914", "title": "Synthesis and intracellular transport of glycoproteins.", "content": "Synthesis and intracellular transport of glycoproteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031914"}
{"pmid": "1031913", "title": "Goblet cells and secretion of mucus.", "content": "Goblet cells and secretion of mucus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031913"}
{"pmid": "1031906", "title": "The effect of mucus cross-linking on the clearance of mucus.", "content": "The effect of mucus cross-linking on the clearance of mucus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031906"}
{"pmid": "1031911", "title": "Some physical properties of mucins and their molecular origin.", "content": "Some physical properties of mucins and their molecular origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031911"}
{"pmid": "1031915", "title": "Morphological and biochemical approaches to characterize the structure and function of the golgi complex.", "content": "Morphological and biochemical approaches to characterize the structure and function of the golgi complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031915"}
{"pmid": "1031924", "title": "Isometric dynamic response of mammalian heart muscle due to step changes in the calcium concentration of the perfusing medium.", "content": "Isometric dynamic response of mammalian heart muscle due to step changes in the calcium concentration of the perfusing medium. The isometric tension transient response of isolated kitten papillary muscle was found to exhibit direction-dependent dynamics when subjected to step changes in the calcium concentration of the bathing medium. The tension transient curves could be resolved into a minimum of two to three exponential components, which could be considered to indicate different calcium compounds or compartments within the muscle. However, a model relating calcium diffusion across the muscle to the dose-response curve indicates that the exponential components of the tension transient curves are due to the properties of calcium diffusion through the extracellular space, and that the direction-dependent dynamics are caused by the nonlinearity of the dose-response curve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031924"}
{"pmid": "1031922", "title": "Possible mechanism of rate-dependent change of contraction in dog ventricular muscle: relation to calcium movements.", "content": "Possible mechanism of rate-dependent change of contraction in dog ventricular muscle: relation to calcium movements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031922"}
{"pmid": "1031916", "title": "Glycosyltransferases and hypersecretion of respiratory mucus.", "content": "Glycosyltransferases and hypersecretion of respiratory mucus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031916"}
{"pmid": "1031923", "title": "Dynamics of contraction with special reference to calcium.", "content": "Dynamics of contraction with special reference to calcium. Using a new method for tetanizing frog ventricle muscle, the tension-length, force-load-velocity, and load-extension relations were determined under the steady active state. On the basis of these experiments a mechanochemical model was developed. Time courses of internal calcium concentrations, the rates of release, and uptake of calcium during isometric twitches were calculated by the model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031923"}
{"pmid": "1031926", "title": "Delay in diastolic restitution of full myocardial contractility in guinea pig atrium.", "content": "Delay in diastolic restitution of full myocardial contractility in guinea pig atrium. In an isolated perfused left atrium of guinea pig, pressure amplitudes were recorded at 37 degrees C and a stimulation rate of 240/min with interposed variable resting pauses. After prolonged intervals the preparation develops maximum pressure, which does not depend on perfusion time or on any positive inotropic intervention. The latter is found to shorten the time needed for restitution of full contractility. Nifedipine (5 X 10(-7)M) exerts its negative inotropic effect mainly by a delay in restitution time; acetylcholine (2 X 10(-7)M), by a concomitant reduction of all pressure amplitudes over the whole range of stimulus intervals. The latter effect is similar to that of lowering [Ca2+]o.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031926"}
{"pmid": "1031925", "title": "Contraction duration and diastolic stiffness in aged canine left ventricle.", "content": "Contraction duration and diastolic stiffness in aged canine left ventricle. The data obtained from groups of young and old beagles demonstrate that senescent beagle hearts are characterized by lower contractile function as measured by developed pressure and maximal rate of pressure change with time, by longer contraction duration, and by increased dynamic stiffness per given pressure as measured by the sinusoidal forcing technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031925"}
{"pmid": "1031928", "title": "Voltage-clamp experiments by double microelectrode technique in rabbit sinoatrial node cell.", "content": "Voltage-clamp experiments by double microelectrode technique in rabbit sinoatrial node cell. When a man-made strand of the rabbit sinoatrial node (S-A node) was shortened by ligation, the spatial decay of the electrotonic potential decreased and the input impedance increased. A satisfactory voltage clamp was achieved in the small S-A node specimen using the double microelectrode technique (Deck, Kern, and Trautwein, 1964).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031928"}
{"pmid": "1031929", "title": "Interaction of lanthanides with muscle microsomes.", "content": "Interaction of lanthanides with muscle microsomes. The interaction of gadolinium, a lanthanide with calcium-blocking action, with isolated muscle microsomes has been studied. Two classes of binding sites were present, 80 and in excess of 300 nmol/mg in number, respectively. Divalent cation, including Ca, Zn, and Cd, blocked the higher affinity site. Antibiotic ionophores X537A and A23187 enhanced binding, with positive cooperativity. ATP enhanced binding at low concentration (10-20 muM) of nucleotide, and without ATP-hydrolysis. The data suggest a dissociation in the intact membrane between the binding and ATP-hydrolytic portion of the transport site.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031929"}
{"pmid": "1031927", "title": "Subcellular localization of cardiac adenylate cyclase: sarcolemma or sarcoplasmic reticulum?", "content": "Subcellular localization of cardiac adenylate cyclase: sarcolemma or sarcoplasmic reticulum?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031927"}
{"pmid": "1031910", "title": "The relation of structure to function in gastric mucus.", "content": "The relation of structure to function in gastric mucus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031910"}
{"pmid": "1031931", "title": "Role of slow inward current on premature excitation in ventricular muscle.", "content": "Role of slow inward current on premature excitation in ventricular muscle. Action potential durations in premature excitations showed paradoxical prolongation at the shorter coupling intervals; this was abolished by manganous ions. Voltage-clamp experiments also disclosed a transient increase of slow inward current in premature excitations. These results indicate that prolongation of action potential durations was mainly brought about by changes in slow inward current, especially in its characteristics of recovery from inactivation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031931"}
{"pmid": "1031930", "title": "A new spectroscopic approach to cardiac energy metabolism.", "content": "A new spectroscopic approach to cardiac energy metabolism. The optical characteristics of the hemoglobin-free perfused rat heart have been examined in detail. For dual-wavelength spectrophotometry, absorption pairs at 605-620 nm and 587-620 nm are found to be suited for the investigation of the oxidation-reduction changes of cytochrome aa3 and oxygenation-deoxygenation of myoglobin in cardiac tissue. Techniques by which the absorption changes of myoglobin and cytochrome aa3 can be measured during one cycle of contraction-relaxation are presented. The results demonstrate that, in the aerobic state, myoglobin is more oxygenated during the systolic and diastolic periods and deoxygenated in the resting period, whereas cytochrome aa3 is more reduced in the systole and diastole and oxidized in the resting period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031930"}
{"pmid": "1031932", "title": "Significance of heat loss in energetics of left ventricle.", "content": "Significance of heat loss in energetics of left ventricle. Left ventricular heat loss was examined by measuring the temperatures in the coronary sinus blood, in the aortic blood, and in the left atrial blood by thermistors. The temperature was highest in the coronary sinus blood, in the aortic blood next, and it was the least in the left atrial blood. However, since the aortic blood flow was naturally higher than the coronary sinus blood flow, the heat loss was larger in the left ventricular cavity than in the rest of the chambers. This heat loss was mostly proportional to the magnitude of the changes of both the arterial blood pressure and the aortic blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031932"}
{"pmid": "1031937", "title": "Metabolism of individual fatty acids in heart muscle.", "content": "Metabolism of individual fatty acids in heart muscle. We have studied the incorporation of various long chain fatty acids into tissue lipids using various heart preparations. We found that individual fatty acids are incorporated into various lipid fractions at unequal rates. In particular, erucic acid was shown to be a poor acyl donor for various acylation reactions. Labeling of triacylglycerol by exogenous fatty acid was found to be extremely rapid in the perfused rat heart and in the in vivo heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031937"}
{"pmid": "1031935", "title": "Uptake and release of immunoreactive insulin in coronary circulation in man: studies at rest, during exercise, and during glucose and insulin infusions.", "content": "Uptake and release of immunoreactive insulin in coronary circulation in man: studies at rest, during exercise, and during glucose and insulin infusions. Significant uptake and release of immunoreactive insulin by the heart have been observed in man, and this is related to plasma insulin levels. Exercise and the fed state appear to affect the myocardial handling of insulin. The findings could not be related to myocardial carbohydrate metabolism, but could, during exercise, be related to myocardial lipid metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031935"}
{"pmid": "1031934", "title": "Transmural mitochondrial differences in myocardium.", "content": "Transmural mitochondrial differences in myocardium. Two functional mitochondrial populations with different sedimentation rates (S) were obtained from homogenates of canine myocardium by rate zonal centrifugation using an iso-osmotic Ficoll gradient. To ascertain the origin of these populations, the left ventricular wall of normal myocardium was divided into subepicardial (outer one-third), intermediate (middle on-third), and subendocardial (inner one-third) layers. The slow S mitochondria comprised 75% of the mitochondrial population of the subepicardial layer. In contrast, the fast S mitochondria contributed 65% of the subendocardial population. Intermediate layer mitochondria resembled those of the subepicardium. Mitochondria isolated from the three layers had approximately the same density, as shown by isopycnic zonal centrifugation. These studies indicate that mitochondria from subepicardial and subendocardial layers of normal myocardium differ in size and shape but not in density. Electron micrographs (EM) of the subepicardium showed many mitochondria as long as 4 to 8 sarcomeres. Mitochondria from the outer and inner layers of normal myocardium had the same oxidative phosphorylation parameters. Acute myocardial infarction, lasting 1 or 2 hr, resulted in the selective loss of the fast S mitochondria. Because the fast S mitochondria are prevalent in the subendocardium, these results may explain the greater vulnerability of this layer to anoxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031934"}
{"pmid": "1031933", "title": "Myocardial adenine nucleotides after infusion of adenosine.", "content": "Myocardial adenine nucleotides after infusion of adenosine. In the rabbit heart, continuous infusion (12 ml/hr) of 1% adenosine into the superior caval vein, or of 0.5% adenosine into the left myocardial ventricle, for a period of 3 hr increased the myocardial tissue level of ATP by almost 40% over the control (5.0 mumol/g). Both shorter or longer periods of application and lower or higher concentrations of adenosine, as well as the infusion of adenosine into the left atrium, were less effective. The increase markedly outlasted the period of application of adenosine. It did not result from the adenosine-induced systemic hypotension and decrease in cardiac work, but must be attributed to a direct metabolic effect of the adenosine infusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031933"}
{"pmid": "1031938", "title": "Myocardial fatty acid and cardiac performance.", "content": "Myocardial fatty acid and cardiac performance. Isoproterenol enhanced myocardial triglyceride utilization and incorporation of exogenous fatty acid into triglyceride fraction in the perfused rat heart in the presence of glucose. However, in the absence of glucose, cardiac performance was considerably aggravated by isoproterenol. This suggests that glucose might be an essential fuel in the heart stimulated by isoproterenol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031938"}
{"pmid": "1031936", "title": "Influence of carbocromene on free fatty acid metabolism of the heart.", "content": "Influence of carbocromene on free fatty acid metabolism of the heart. In view of the fact that carbocromene (C) influences the metabolic processes in the heart muscle, its effect on the transport of substrates into the heart tissue was investigated. In rat heart slices C inhibits the uptake of [1-14C]palmitic acid up to 40%, while 14CO2 production is reduced to the same extent. At the same time oxygen consumption diminished by about 20%. Using 3-O-[14C] methyl-D-glucose as metabolic marker it was shown that the uptake of glucose into the heart tissue increased by 30% under the influence of C. From these results it can be concluded that C inhibits the oxidation of FFA in favor of glucose and diminishes the oxygen-wasting effect of FFA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031936"}
{"pmid": "1031943", "title": "Electrically induced automaticity in canine ventricular myocardium.", "content": "Electrically induced automaticity in canine ventricular myocardium. Repetitive spontaneous action potentials (SAP) could be induced in canine ventricular and atrial muscle, although this inhibitory action was antagonized by the pretreatment with voltage range between about -60 mV and 0 mV. The SAP seemed dependent on both slow inward Ca2+ and Na+ currents and was suppressed by verapamil, Mn2+, and diltiazem, but not by tetrodotoxin. The increase of extracellular potassium concentration also suppressed the SAP. Acetylcholine could not block the SAP in ventricular muscle, but inhibited that in atrial muscle, although this inhibitory action was antagonized by the pretreatment with atropine. The automatic activity was attributed to slow inward Ca2+ and Na+ currents modified by decreasing time-dependent K+ outward current and K+ anomalous rectification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031943"}
{"pmid": "1031942", "title": "Effects of insulin on mammalian cardiac muscle.", "content": "Effects of insulin on mammalian cardiac muscle. Insulin increases the contractile force of myocardium with hyperpolarization and a faster rate of fall of the action-potential plateau. This phenomenon is augmented inthe reduced-K+ or ouabain solution. It is suggested that the insulin-induced positive inotropism can be explained by facilitation of inward movement of Ca2+, which possibly is associated with an increase in outward movement of K+.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031942"}
{"pmid": "1031939", "title": "Free fatty acid content of myocardial interstitial spaces of dog.", "content": "Free fatty acid content of myocardial interstitial spaces of dog. Morphological and biochemical observations from our laboratory have shown the presence of lipids in the cardiac interstitial spaces of the dog. The present study was designed to assess the importance of free fatty acids (FFA) in these lipids using FFA or sucrose tracers in 14 anesthetized fasting open-chest mongrel dogs. Endogenous FFA and labeled tracers were measured in arterial and coronary sinus plasma; they were also determined in lymph collected from cardiac efferent lymphatic trunks. [14C] sucrose was infused at a constant rate in the femoral vein of 5 dogs. The concentration of the tracer in the lymph was 90% of the arterial concentration after 60 min of infusion. On the other hand, when [1-14C] palmitate was infused at the same rate in 7 dogs, the ratio of lymph to arterial tracer concentration was only 20% (60 min) and 25% (120 min), even though the myocardial extraction and oxidation of the tracer were stable. This ratio tended to reach a plateau (greater than or equal to 90%) only 24 hr after a bolus injection of the tracer. This tracer study shows the presence of a pool of myocardial fatty acids with a relatively slow turnover rate that may constitute an important reservoir of FFA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031939"}
{"pmid": "1031952", "title": "An experimental study of the effect of glucose-insulin-potassium solution on energy metabolism of infarcted cardiac muscle.", "content": "An experimental study of the effect of glucose-insulin-potassium solution on energy metabolism of infarcted cardiac muscle. The effect of GIK (glucose-insulin-potassium) infusion on the energy liberation of the infarcted heart muscle was studied experimentally in relation to epicardial electrocardiographic changes and cardiac dynamics. In the case of 30-min coronary ligation, the spread of the zone showing ST segment elevation was not depressed significantly, but the mean voltage values of ST elevations were suppressed in the peri-infarcted area, and the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the peri-infarcted area was also obscured by the GIK treatment. Cardiac dynamics did not change with GIK treatment. On the other hand, in the 60-min coronary ligation, the spread of the zone showing ST segment elevation was reduced significantly and the negative inotropism induced by coronary ligation was suppressed with GIK infusion. However, the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in the infarcted area and in the peri-infarcted area did not show any significant improvement. Therefore, the disturbed energy metabolism of the peri-infarcted area of 30-min ligation might be improved by the effect of GIK infusion. These data suggested that the GIK infusion improved the energy liberation of the so-called twilight zone at 30 min after ligation, and then reduced the genuine infarcted zone after 60 min of ligation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031952"}
{"pmid": "1031954", "title": "Calcium paradox: changes in high-energy phosphate compounds of isolated perfused rat hearts.", "content": "Calcium paradox: changes in high-energy phosphate compounds of isolated perfused rat hearts. When isolated rat hearts are perfused with Ca2+-containing medium, after a brief Ca2+-free period, irreversible cell damage occurs (calcium paradox). This phenomenon is concomitant with a rapid consumption of myocardial high-energy phosphate stores, prior to the appearance of these compounds in the effluent perfusion medium. A possible mechanism for the origin of myocardial necrosis, caused by intracellular Ca2+ overload, is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031954"}
{"pmid": "1031941", "title": "Effect of diltiazem on calcium- and noradrenaline-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aorta.", "content": "Effect of diltiazem on calcium- and noradrenaline-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aorta. The effect of diltiazem on calcium- and noradrenaline-induced contractions was investigated in the K-depolarized aortic strip of the rabbit. Diltiazem inhibited the contraction induced by calcium ions dose-dependently. A lower concentration of diltiazem produced no significant influence on the contraction induced by noradrenaline, while a higher concentration suppressed it. It is assumed that in the rabbit aorta diltiazem effectively inhibits the contraction mediated by the influx of calcium ions but it is less effective with the contraction induced by the release of sequestered calcium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031941"}
{"pmid": "1031947", "title": "Effects of morphine and halothane on canine cardiac function before and after cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Effects of morphine and halothane on canine cardiac function before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. In an effort to compare the effects of anesthetics on cardiac functions and metabolism, mongrel dogs were anesthetized with morphine (3 mg/kg, N2O 50% in oxygen) or halothane (0.7%, N2O 50% in oxygen). Hb, Ht, pO2, pCO2, pH, O2 content, lactate, and pyruvate in the arterial and coronary sinus blood were measured and ECG, LVP, CVP, AP, and CO were recorded. Aorta was cross-clamped for 30 min under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Hemodynamic and metabolic survey were continued until 120 min of recovery period. Results were as follows: Hemodynamics, such as LVP, AP, and CO, were depressed after CPB, then gradually returned to control level. Subendocardial ischemia observed through ST depression and QRS widening on ECG, as well as DPTI/TTI ratio under 1.0, disappeared in the recovery period. Lactate was produced by the heart after anoxic arrest and was extracted at 120 min after CPB. Halothane and morphine did not show any significant differences of effects on cardiac function and metabolism in this study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031947"}
{"pmid": "1031940", "title": "Effects of hypoxia and digitalis glycosides on myocardial stiffness.", "content": "Effects of hypoxia and digitalis glycosides on myocardial stiffness. The influences of hypoxia and of the interactions of hypoxia with digoxin and ouabain on myocardial stiffness were studied at two extracellular calcium concentrations (2.5 mM and 4.0 mM) in isolated, isometrically contracting cat papillary muscles. Stiffness (delta T/delta L), defined as a change in tension (delta T) in response to an imposed length change (delta L), was measured during contraction and during rest by use of a sinusoidal forcing function. Neither digoxin, ouabain, nor increased extracellular calcium altered contraction or resting stiffness in the well-oxygenated environment. Resting stiffness was increased at the end of hypoxia only in the presence of digoxin in both 2.5 mM and 4.0 mM Ca. Contraction stiffness was increased in 2.5 mM Ca by hypoxia alone and by hypoxia in the presence of digoxin or ouabain, but was not increased in experiments carried out in 4.0 mM Ca. Thus it appears that hypoxia per se increases contraction stiffness, but increasing extracellular calcium from 2.5 mM to 4.0 mM prevents the increase elicited by hypoxia; resting stiffness, however, is increased by hypoxia only in the presence of digoxin, and this occurs in both 2.5 mM and 4.0 mM Ca.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031940"}
{"pmid": "1031944", "title": "Inotropic and chronotropic effects of antiarrhythmic agents onisolated blood-perfused canine ventricular tissue.", "content": "Inotropic and chronotropic effects of antiarrhythmic agents onisolated blood-perfused canine ventricular tissue. In the isolated blood-perfused canine ventricular tissue, antiarrhythmic agents could be classified as having: 1) positive chronotropic and inotropic effects (procainamide), 2) negative chronotropic but positive inotropic effects (quinidine), and 3) negative chronotropic and inotropic effects (lidocaine, ajmaline, diphenylhydantoin, and propranolol).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031944"}
{"pmid": "1031945", "title": "Influence of quinidine on ATP-linked calcium binding by heart mitochondria and microsomes.", "content": "Influence of quinidine on ATP-linked calcium binding by heart mitochondria and microsomes. The action of quinidine on heart microsomal and mitochondrial calcium binding in the presence of MgATP was studied under different experimental conditions and compared with other antiarrhythmic agents such as procaine amide and lidocaine. Quinidine stimulated microsomal calcium binding but depressed mitochondrial calcium binding. Although procaine amide stimulated microsomal calcium binding, it did not affect mitochondrial calcium binding. On the other hand, lidocaine depressed calcium binding by mitochondria without affecting calcium binding by the microsomal fraction. The stimulation of microsomal calcium binding by quinidine was not apparent at high concentrations of Mg2+, low concentrations of ATP, or low concentrations of Ca2+. The depressant action of quinidine on mitochondrial calcium binding was not observed at low concentrations of Mg2+ or ATP but was more pronounced at low concentrations of Ca2+. These results suggest that the action of quinidine on mitochondria may play a major role in eliciting cardiodepressant effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031945"}
{"pmid": "1031946", "title": "Effects of halothane anesthesia on myocardial contractility, coronary as well as systemic hemodynamics, and myocardial metabolism in dogs.", "content": "Effects of halothane anesthesia on myocardial contractility, coronary as well as systemic hemodynamics, and myocardial metabolism in dogs. Halothane depressed coronary and other systemic circulations as arterial halothane concentration rose in dogs. Myocardial oxygen consumption decreased as the cardiac action, especially \"myocardial contractility\", was depressed, while the whole-body oxygen usage remained steady. Lactate and pyruvate levels in arterial, mixed venous, and coronary venous blood did not show any signs of tissue hypoxia or development of anaerobic metabolism even in very deep halothane anesthesia. Coronary blood flow seemed well maintained for the demand, and changed almost in parallel with the myocardial oxygen consumption during the observation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031946"}
{"pmid": "1031948", "title": "Glycolytic ATP and its production during ischemia in isolated Langendorff-perfused rat hearts.", "content": "Glycolytic ATP and its production during ischemia in isolated Langendorff-perfused rat hearts. The perfused rat heart was used to assess the possible contribution of glycolytically produced ATP to the maintenance of the action potential in the normoxic heart, and to the maintenance of membrane integrity in the underperfused, ischemic heart. During normoxia, pyruvate (10 mM) was nearly as able as glucose (10 mM) to maintain the normal action potential. During ischemia (reduction of perfusion pressure of Langerdorff heart from 100 to 20 cm H2O), total tissue values of ATP and creatine phosphate were similar in pyruvate and in glucose hearts. However, pyruvate-perfused hearts had higher tissue levels of cyclic AMP during the ischemic period, and during the reperfusion period they had an increased release of lactate dehydrogenase and an increased incidence of arrhythmias when compared with glucose hearts. It is proposed that these differences can be related to a higher rate of production of glycolytic ATP. The anatomical, biochemical, and pharmacological evidence favoring a cytoplasmic compartment of ATP located in relation to the cell membrane is reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031948"}
{"pmid": "1031950", "title": "Alteration in calcium metabolism in mitochondria isolated from ischemic and reperfused myocardium.", "content": "Alteration in calcium metabolism in mitochondria isolated from ischemic and reperfused myocardium. This study determines the effect of ischemia and reperfusion on energy-linked Ca2+ uptake by myocardial mitochondria. The left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded in 14 mature pigs for 2 hr. In seven animals the ligature was released and the ischemic zone reperfused for 2 additional hours. After sacrifice, mitochondrial function was measured in normal and reperfused or ischemic areas of the left ventricle, using a polarographic method. Mitochondria were prepared without EDTA by standard procedures and Ca2+ uptake measured by 45Ca2+ isotope tracer. Uptake of Ca2+ by mitochondria derived from ischemic myocardium is markedly impaired with or without phosphate. Reperfusion may accentuate this impairment. The presence of exogenous Ca2+ inhibits the ability of ischemic or reperfused mitochondria to phosphorylate ADP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031950"}
{"pmid": "1031949", "title": "Chronotropic effects of calcium and magnesium ions at different temperatures.", "content": "Chronotropic effects of calcium and magnesium ions at different temperatures. In the isolated right atrium of rabbit hearts, excess calcium causes an increase of heart rate at 38 degrees C; this effect is absent or even reversed at a temperature of 30 degrees C. From microelectrode studies it seems that when the calcium concentration is increased the pacemaker shifts within the sinoatrial node to cells in which excess calcium causes an acceleration of diastolic depolarization (type A). In fibers where the impulse originates at low calcium (type B), excess calcium causes a deceleration of diastolic depolarization. At low temperature, the effects on type A fibers are completely absent. Excess magnesium has a negative chronotropic effect at both temperatures, mainly by a deceleration of diastolic depolarization in type B fibers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031949"}
{"pmid": "1031955", "title": "Influence of ATP or oxygen plus substrate on occurrence of the calcium paradox.", "content": "Influence of ATP or oxygen plus substrate on occurrence of the calcium paradox. Reperfusion of Ca2+-deprived rat hearts with Ca2+-containing medium results in irreversible cell damage (calcium paradox). In this study this type of cell damage was studied in the anoxic rat heart, in the presence and absence of glucose. Creatine kinase (CK) release was used to define cell damage. Hearts were perfused successively with Ca2+-containing medium (30 min), Ca2+-free medium (5 min), and Ca2+-containing medium (5 min). In the presence of glucose, myocardial ATP was maintained at a fairly high concentration. Reperfusion with Ca2+ resulted in an immediate and massive release of CK. In the absence of glucose, the ATP concentration was almost zero after 30 min. Reperfusion with Ca2+ did not result in release of CK. Massive release occurred as soon as these hearts were reoxygenated. It is concluded that this type of calcium-induced cell damage only occurs in the presence of ATP, or oxygen plus substrate. Mitochondria most likely play a major role in the occurrence of the calcium paradox because of their ability to accumulate huge amounts of Ca2+ under these conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031955"}
{"pmid": "1031953", "title": "Effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitor on myocardial ischemia.", "content": "Effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitor on myocardial ischemia. The xanthine oxidase inhibitor, 4-hydroxypyrazolo(3,4-d) pyrimidine (HPP), Allopurinol, caused augmentation of myocardial uptake of [3H] hypoxanthine, which was eventually completely incorporated into ATP. The decrease of [32P] orthophosphate incorporation into ATP induced by isoproterenol was restored by HPP administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031953"}
{"pmid": "1031951", "title": "Relationship between energy liberation and utilization in ischemic cardiac muscle.", "content": "Relationship between energy liberation and utilization in ischemic cardiac muscle. Mitochondrial respiration, succinate dehydrogenase coenzyme Q reductase, and myosin B were investigated in ischemic myocardium from experimental myocardial infarction in dogs. Respiratory control ratio of mitochondria was impaired by ischemia at 60 min after coronary ligation, and oxygen consumption was inhibited 120 min later. Enzyme activity of succinate dehydrogenase coenzyme Q reductase was decreased at 6 hr after coronary ligation. Calcium ion sensitivity of myosin B declined 12 hr after coronary ligation. However, adenosine triphosphatase activity of myosin A from infarcted myocardium was not different from that of the intact one. These results suggest that interaction in the sequence of enzyme complexes was first impaired in ischemic myocardium and that deterioration of enzyme activity was then manifested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031951"}
{"pmid": "1031956", "title": "Role of myocardial lipids in development of cardiac necrosis.", "content": "Role of myocardial lipids in development of cardiac necrosis. Significant alterations in fatty acyl composition of cardiac phospholipids and neutral lipids are induced by dietary cod liver oil in the rat. Increased dietary availability of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 omega3) leads to extensive replacement of linoleic acid (18:2omega6) and arachidonic acid (20:4omega6) in phospholipids. Dietary cod liver oil (10%) reduces isoproterenol stress tolerance and results in increased development of cardiac necrosis and mortality following isoproterenol treatment. It is suggested that diminished catecholamine stress tolerance may be related to altered synthesis of prostaglandins or related products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031956"}
{"pmid": "1031957", "title": "Energy liberation in abnormal cardiac muscle.", "content": "Energy liberation in abnormal cardiac muscle. Uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation was suggested in experiments using the infarcted myocardium, even in dogs with 15-min ligation. The same type of disturbance in mitochondrial respiration was observed in dogs with reperfusion after 45-min ligation, whereas the disturbance was recovered in dogs with reperfusion after 15-min ligation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031957"}
{"pmid": "1031958", "title": "Myocardial energy and electrolyte metabolism during exercise in patients with circulatory disease.", "content": "Myocardial energy and electrolyte metabolism during exercise in patients with circulatory disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031958"}
{"pmid": "1031963", "title": "Contribution of an electrogenic sodium pump to the response of sinoatrial node cells to acetylcholine.", "content": "Contribution of an electrogenic sodium pump to the response of sinoatrial node cells to acetylcholine. ACh (10-7) - 10(-6) g/ml) induced hyperpolarization in pacemaker cells in the sinoatrial (SA) node of the rabbit heart varied inversely with the level of the maximal diastolic potential of the pacemaker cells. The hyperpolarization induced by ACh was completely abolished at 4 degrees -6 degrees C. Ouabain (10(-6) g/ml) markedly depressed or abolished the hyperpolarizing response. The response was also depressed in K-free solution, but not abolished. In Ca-free or low-Na solution, the sino atrial node cell responded well to ACh, showing marked hyperpolarization. Present results indicate that the hyperpolarization induced by ACh is at least in part due to an electrogenic Na pump activated by ACh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031963"}
{"pmid": "1031959", "title": "Disturbance of myocardial energy liberation in experimental charcoal embolism of canine pulmonary artery.", "content": "Disturbance of myocardial energy liberation in experimental charcoal embolism of canine pulmonary artery. Experimental charcoal embolism of the pulmonary artery was produced in dogs. Changes in hemodynamics, electrophysiology, and cardiac energy liberation were observed. The effects of histaminic and antihistaminic drugs on these changes were also studied. After two infusions of charcoal suspension, acute right ventricular overloading was recognized hemodynamically and electrophysiologically. Mitochondria isolated from both ventricles exhibited uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation polarographically. These changes were enhanced with histamine injection and reduced with diphenhydramine injection. Histamine was seen to have some uncoupling effects on the heart mitochondria and a slight effect on cardiac dynamics. It is concluded that oxidative phosphorylation of the heart mitochondria was uncoupled in the acute stage of experimental pulmonary embolism, and that histamine might emphasize this change directly or indirectly or both, that is, directly affecting the myocardial cell metabolism, and indirectly aggravating myocardial hypoxia through pulmonary vasoconstrictive action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031959"}
{"pmid": "1031966", "title": "Intraventricular conduction disturbance due to delayed recovery from ventricular inactivation in chlorpromazine-treated dogs.", "content": "Intraventricular conduction disturbance due to delayed recovery from ventricular inactivation in chlorpromazine-treated dogs. In in situ canine hearts, chlorpromazine induced a time (preceding cycle length)-dependent decrease in conduction velocity within the ventricle. Thus, QRS duration of nonpremature beats was lengthened at rapid pacing rates while QRS duration of atrial premature beats was lengthened at short coupling intervals. These slow conductions were not due to reduced take-off potential of ventricular action potentials but to drug-induced slow recovery of the rapid Na+ system. The phenomenon may be responsible for reported QRS prolongation and fatal ventricular arrhythmias encountered in patients receiving phenothiazines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031966"}
{"pmid": "1031960", "title": "A bacterial cardiotoxin: thermostable direct hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "content": "A bacterial cardiotoxin: thermostable direct hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031960"}
{"pmid": "1031964", "title": "Selective effects of TTX and verapamil on the upstroke components of the action potential from the atrioventricular node.", "content": "Selective effects of TTX and verapamil on the upstroke components of the action potential from the atrioventricular node.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031964"}
{"pmid": "1031968", "title": "Effect of low protein diet on cardiac function and ultrastructure of spontaneously hypertensive rats loaded with sodium chloride.", "content": "Effect of low protein diet on cardiac function and ultrastructure of spontaneously hypertensive rats loaded with sodium chloride. The effects of low protein diet on cardiac metabolic and structural changes subsequent to an extremely high pressure load were investigated. Spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) were divided into four groups, and fed the following diets for four weeks: 1) Group A: regular diet (23% protein) and water, 2) Group B: regular diet and 1% saline, 3) Group C: low protein diet (10% protein) and water, and 4) Group D: low protein diet and 1% saline. Two weeks after the start of feeding, there was no significant difference in the left ventricular ultrastructures between the corresponding regular and low protein diet groups. Four weeks after, degenerative findings such as streaming of Z lines, dilatations of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and disarrangements of myofilaments appeared Group D, while in Group B electron microscopic findings indicated hypertrophy. Incorporation of [14C] leucine into the myocardial myosin B in Group D was significantly low, with a resulting fall of the LVdP/dtmax per integrated isometric pressure (IIP) and a rise of the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), as compared to that in Group C at four weeks after the start of feeding. These observations suggest that, in the heart with an extremely high pressure load, low protein diet hinders the development of hypertrophy to the load with resulting heart failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031968"}
{"pmid": "1031962", "title": "Increase in membrane conductance and positive inotropic action of hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus on rabbit myocardium.", "content": "Increase in membrane conductance and positive inotropic action of hemolysin produced by Vibrio parahaemolyticus on rabbit myocardium. The effects of purified thermostable direct hemolysin from the cultured filtrate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus on both S-A node cells and atrial cells were studied electrophysiologically. Hemolysin caused the membrane conductance to increase, thereby causing membrane depolarization. The major ion responsible for this depolarization was Na+, but other ions, such as K+ and Ca2+, also participated. Positive inotropic action of hemolysin was observed, and the Na-Ca exchange mechanism was enhanced after hemolysin treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031962"}
{"pmid": "1031961", "title": "Stopping of spontaneous beating of cultured mouse and rat myocardial cells by a toxin (thermostable direct hemolysin) from Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "content": "Stopping of spontaneous beating of cultured mouse and rat myocardial cells by a toxin (thermostable direct hemolysin) from Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Low concentrations of thermostable direct hemolysin from Vibrio parahaemolyticus stopped the spontaneous beating of cultured mouse and rat myocardial cells. These low concentrations depolarized the maximal diastolic potential and inhibited the generation of action potential of cultured myocardial cells. The toxin lost its activity when preincubated with ganglioside, GT1 or GM1. GT1 was more effective than GM1. High concentrations of the toxin caused morphological damage of cultured mouse and rat myocardial cells, but did not stop the beating, or cause morphological damage of cultured chick myocardial cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031961"}
{"pmid": "1031969", "title": "Ischemic-like change produced in canine heart by atractyloside: a chemical model.", "content": "Ischemic-like change produced in canine heart by atractyloside: a chemical model. Experiments were conducted in two canine models. Intracoronary infusion of atractyloside resulted in physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural changes similar to those seen with ischemia. The fact that atractyloside, a specific inhibitor of adenine nucleotide translocase produces this change in vivo suggests that this inhibition in the key disturbance that initiates the metabolic derangements seen with ischemia. This chemical model seems to provide unique opportunities to study the possible factors that may reverse adenine nucleotide translocase inhibition and thus possibly prevent cell injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031969"}
{"pmid": "1031967", "title": "Factors accounting for growth and atrophy of the heart.", "content": "Factors accounting for growth and atrophy of the heart. Growth of the rat heart was induced by intrathoracic aortic banding, while atrophy followed hypophysectomy. During the early phase of hypertrophy, RNA concentration increased markedly. During the period of atrophy, RNA concentration was reduced. These changes in RNA concentration seemed to account for either the increased or the decreased rates of protein synthesis that was observed during hypertrophy or atrophy, respectively. Rates of protein degradation were unaffected during changes in heart size. These findings suggest that alterations in synthesis, processing, or degradation of RNA play a key role in modification of heart size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031967"}
{"pmid": "1031977", "title": "Local pulsatile intramyocardial pressure (IMP) as a vector force: simultaneous measurements of IMP and tissue oxygen availability.", "content": "Local pulsatile intramyocardial pressure (IMP) as a vector force: simultaneous measurements of IMP and tissue oxygen availability. A directional nonuniformity of the intramyocardial pressure (IMP) was observed in anesthetized open-chest dogs using a piezoelectric pressure sensor implanted in the left ventricular myocardium. The nonuniformity seemed to be attributable to the variation in myocardial fiber orientation. The IMP, which developed in a direction parallel to the base-apex line, was measured in the deep portion of the myocardium, simultaneously with local O2 availability. In some cases, IMP decreased quickly as soon as a decrement in O2 availability had proceeded only slightly as a result of ligation of the anterior descending artery (LAD). In other cases, the once decreased IMP recovered gradually even when O2 availability remained lowered by continuation of the ligation. These observations indicated that IMP had no direct dependency on O2 availability in the case of acute LAD.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031977"}
{"pmid": "1031965", "title": "Effects of anoxia and metabolic inhibitors on reaction of the fast sodium system.", "content": "Effects of anoxia and metabolic inhibitors on reaction of the fast sodium system. The effects of anoxia and metabolic inhibitors on inactivation and reactivation of the fast Na system of dog ventricular muscle fibers were studied by examining (dV/dt)max of the action potential upstroke. Anoxia for 60 min, dinitrophenol (DNP) (2.0 mM), and sodium azide (2.0 mM) depressed markedly steady-state (dV/dt)max at each membrane potential produced by changing [K]o. Anoxia tended to prolong recovery slightly, but DNP and azide changed little the time course of recovery of the (dV/dt)max, which was studied by applying double pulses to elicit action potential at different intervals. It is concluded that anoxia, DNP, and azide caused prominent depression of the maximum Na conductance but had less influence on its recovery kinetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031965"}
{"pmid": "1031976", "title": "Changes in intramyocardial oxygen tension and local electrograms produced by coronary occlusion.", "content": "Changes in intramyocardial oxygen tension and local electrograms produced by coronary occlusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031976"}
{"pmid": "1031970", "title": "Effects of L-lactate on glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase in heart muscle.", "content": "Effects of L-lactate on glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase in heart muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031970"}
{"pmid": "1031972", "title": "Species difference of mitochondrial respiration in experimentally induced heart failure.", "content": "Species difference of mitochondrial respiration in experimentally induced heart failure. In guinea pigs with acute heart failure, a decrease in oxygen consumption (QO2) at state 3 and an increase in QO2 at state 4 were seen and the respiratory control index (RCI) was markedly lowered; ADP/O ratio was not affected. In rabbits with acute heart failure, both RCI and ADP/O ratio showed a statistically significant decrease. In dogs with acute and chronic heart failure, no impairment of respiratory function of mitochondria was seen. These conflicting results may be attributed to the difference in experimental conditions, namely, the species difference and the difference in methods to produce experimental heart failure. With special regard to species difference, it was confirmed that the RCI of myocardial mitochondria of healthy dogs was much lower than that of healthy guinea pigs. It is suggested that the difficulty of obtaining intact mitochondria may be responsible for the species difference in experimentally induced heart failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031972"}
{"pmid": "1031974", "title": "Transmural gradients in myocardial gas tensions in regionally ischemic canine left ventricle.", "content": "Transmural gradients in myocardial gas tensions in regionally ischemic canine left ventricle. Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated the usefulness of myocardial gas tensions as measured by mass spectrometry for the quantitative assessment of regional myocardial ischemia (Khuri et al., 1975a). Progressive increases in myocardial carbon dioxide tensions were noted when progressive reduction in coronary blood flow was created by means of a variable constrictor. The present study was designed to determine if changes in myocardial oxygen and carbon dioxide tension were greater in deep, compared to more superficial, myocardial layers. In eight anesthetized dogs, progressive reduction in circumflex coronary flow was associated with a progressive reduction in myocardial oxygen tension and a progressive increase in myocardial carbon dioxide tension and intramyocardial ST-segment voltage. Evidence of a transmural gradient in the severity of ischemia was present at all degrees of flow reduction. These results confirm the findings of previous metabolic studies, which demonstrated gradients in lactate and high-energy phosphates. Myocardial carbon dioxide tension, which can be monitored continuously by mass spectrometry, would appear to provide a useful means of quantitatively assessing changes in regional myocardial metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031974"}
{"pmid": "1031975", "title": "Hemodynamic and metabolic changes caused by regional ischemia in porcine heart.", "content": "Hemodynamic and metabolic changes caused by regional ischemia in porcine heart. Myocardial ischemia was induced in the pig by reducing the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) flow to 26% of its control value. After one hour, the LAD was reperfused for 50 minutes. During ischemia and reperfusion, cardiac output correlated strongly with arterial levels of lactate and nucleosides (all r less than - 0.85). Myocardial inosine production seems to be a good marker of ischemia because it correlated very well with myocardial lactate production (r = 0.99).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031975"}
{"pmid": "1031971", "title": "Effects of acetate on myocardial contractility and epicardial ECG of isolated and perfused feline hearts.", "content": "Effects of acetate on myocardial contractility and epicardial ECG of isolated and perfused feline hearts. In isolated, perfused hearts, the effects of acetate on epicardial ECG and ventricular pressure were observed during various times of perfusion. Anions-Cl-and acetate-caused changes of ECG configuration, especially in the ST segments. These were different in Phase I (fast compartment) and Phase II (slow compartment).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031971"}
{"pmid": "1031978", "title": "Abnormal myocardial fluid retention as an early manifestation of ischemic injury.", "content": "Abnormal myocardial fluid retention as an early manifestation of ischemic injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031978"}
{"pmid": "1031979", "title": "Metabolic consequences of Sephadex-induced reduction of coronary flow in isolated rat heart.", "content": "Metabolic consequences of Sephadex-induced reduction of coronary flow in isolated rat heart. With a polysaccharide microsphere suspension (Sephadex), coronary flow of isolated perfused rat hearts was reduced by approximately 70%. During this Sephadex-induced ischemia, the energy charge and creatine phosphate content of the myocardial tissue dropped significantly, while total nucleoside and lactate release from the heart increased. During hypoxia (30% O2), changes in high-energy phosphate content and lactate and nucleoside release were similar to the changes induced by ischemia. During hypoxia, coronary flow rate was increased by 47%. Thus, Sephadex-induced reduction of coronary flow could be a useful model in studies of metabolic change during ischemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031979"}
{"pmid": "1031980", "title": "Cardiac muscle taurine: effects of acute left ventricular ischemia in the dog and anoxic perfusion of the rat heart.", "content": "Cardiac muscle taurine: effects of acute left ventricular ischemia in the dog and anoxic perfusion of the rat heart. It has been proposed that taurine, or one of its metabolites, may exert anti-arrhythmic effects in cardiac muscle. The present studies examined the effects of acute left ventricular ischemia in the dog (in vivo) and whole heart anoxia in the perfused rat heart (in vitro) on the content and distribution of taurine. In control dogs an increasing outer-to-inner gradient in taurine content was observed in the left ventricle. Left circumflex artery ligation for four hours markedly decreased tissue taurine content, the greatest disappearance occurring in the inner zone. Anoxic perfusion resulted in a similar decrease in rat ventricular taurine levels. Recovery of taurine in the heart perfusates indicated that tissue disappearance, secondary to oxygen deficiency, involved leakage into the extracellular fluid rather than metabolic conversion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031980"}
{"pmid": "1031981", "title": "Coronary circulation, myocardial metabolism and hemodynamics of pacing-induced angina.", "content": "Coronary circulation, myocardial metabolism and hemodynamics of pacing-induced angina. The following changes were noted during pacing-induced angina: The coronary sinus blood flow was less than it was during the control period and less than that in the myocardial ischemic group without induced angina. While myocardial oxygen consumption did not increase, myocardial metabolism became anaerobic. The possibility of myocardial dysfunction also was noted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031981"}
{"pmid": "1031973", "title": "Experimental studies on the effect of glucocorticoids on cardiac muscle.", "content": "Experimental studies on the effect of glucocorticoids on cardiac muscle. Abnormal electrocardiographic changes were found in some patients on long-term glucocorticoid treatment. In experimental animals, chronic glucocorticoid administration resulted in an increase of amplitude of the QRS complex and abnormal ST and T changes. Changes of action potential were somewhat different in the subendocardial and the subepicardial layers. Diffuse mitochondrial alterations were found, particularly in the subepicardial layer. In rabbits treated with glucocorticoids, no significant changes were found in either serum or myocardial potassium content. Slightly decreased Vmax was the observed hemodynamic change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031973"}
{"pmid": "1031984", "title": "Elemental composition of ischemic myocardium determined by x-ray microanalysis.", "content": "Elemental composition of ischemic myocardium determined by x-ray microanalysis. Elemental composition of ischemic myocardium was attempted with x-ray microanalysis. Energy dispersive spectrum exhibited calcium K alpha and phosphorus K alpha peaks from mitochondrial deposits, and Ca K alpha peaks from nucleus, contraction bands, and Z lines of the ischemic myocardial cell. Ca and P contents were confirmed with wavelength dipersive spectrometers. Mg was present in the mitochondrial deposits which lacked Ca. This study suggests a formation of phosphate salt of Ca at different intracellular sites and also of Mg with mitochondrial deposits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031984"}
{"pmid": "1031983", "title": "Turnover rates of muscle proteins in cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle: turnover rate related to muscle function.", "content": "Turnover rates of muscle proteins in cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscle: turnover rate related to muscle function. The turnover rate of muscle proteins was related to the physiological function of the muscle in dogs, fowl, rats, and mice. The turnover rates of mixed muscle proteins were most rapid in cardiac muscle, intermediate in red tonic and mixed fiber-type muscles, and slowest in white twitch skeletal muscle. This same progression in  turnover rates also was shown in the subcellular fractions of muscle-sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar proteins-as well as in purified proteins, myosin, and tropomyosin. The RNA concentration of muscle was highly correlated with the protein turnover rate, and the RNA activity, i.e., the translational efficiency of the RNA, was similar in the different muscle types.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031983"}
{"pmid": "1031989", "title": "Myocardial metabolism of spontaneously hypertensive rat.", "content": "Myocardial metabolism of spontaneously hypertensive rat. Oxidative phosphorylation of myocardial mitochondria isolated from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was determined polarographically. The concentrations of high-energy phosphate compounds, the concentrations of intermediate metabolites, and the activities of the enzymes within the metabolic systems of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate (PPh) cycle, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle of the myocardium of SHR were determined. The gradual development of cardiac hypertrophy was observed in SHR in comparison with normotensive Wistar rats. There were no significant differences in the function of oxidative phosphorylation of the mitochondria, in concentrations of high-energy phosphate compounds and carbohydrate metabolites, or in activities of glycolytic enzymes between SHR and normotensive Wistar rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031989"}
{"pmid": "1031982", "title": "X-ray microanalysis of mitochondrial calcium.", "content": "X-ray microanalysis of mitochondrial calcium. X-ray microanalytical techniques using wavelength dispersive (WDS) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) indicate that Ca2+ is present in intramitochondrial granules which occur in myocardial cells following irreversible ischemic injury. Preliminary results using tissue prepared for routine electron microscopy suggest that the degree of calcium binding that occurs in the mitochondria increases with increased duration of ischemia. Free ions are leached out of the tissue during processing; hence, the role of ion redistribution in producing myocardial necrosis cannot be elicited from a study of this nature. However, with continued progress in the development of techniques of tissue preparation x-ray spectrometry may provide a means of assessing quantitative ion alterations that occur during ischemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031982"}
{"pmid": "1031991", "title": "Comparison of the synthesis of light and heavy chains of cardiac myosin.", "content": "Comparison of the synthesis of light and heavy chains of cardiac myosin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031991"}
{"pmid": "1031992", "title": "Experimental study on enzyme distribution and its relation to myocardial ischemic changes following coronary circulatory disturbances.", "content": "Experimental study on enzyme distribution and its relation to myocardial ischemic changes following coronary circulatory disturbances. Coronary artery ligation of canine heart was performed to investigate the relationship between the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) pattern in myocardium and the distribution of coronary flow, especially in the early stage of ligation and after reperfusion. In the myocardium of normal dogs, the LDH pattern was similar in the left ventricle, the interventricular septum, and the right ventricle; the average LD5:LD4 ratio was 1.1, 1.2, and 1.2, respectively, and consisted mainly of heart type. In the left and right auricles, however, the ratios were 0.3 and 0.2, respectively, lacking heart type. In the left ventricle, LD5:LD4 ratio in the subendocardium was different from that in the subepicardial layer. Blood flow distribution in canine myocardium was investigated by the fluorescent pattern on the cut surface of heart, in which 10% fluorescein sodium was injected into the cavity. By this method the evolution of the ischemic area from the endocardial layer to the epicardial side following coronary artery ligation and the effect of reperfusion on the ischemic area were clarified. Electron microscopic studies indicated that loss of mitochondrial function may account for the irreversibility of myocardial cell alteration. A new method for studying enzyme localization in tissues was introduced for studying LDH isoenzyme distribution in normal and injured myocardium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031992"}
{"pmid": "1031986", "title": "Contribution of myocardial metabolism to the knowledge of myocardial failure and myocardial infarction.", "content": "Contribution of myocardial metabolism to the knowledge of myocardial failure and myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031986"}
{"pmid": "1031987", "title": "Interrelation of left ventricular function and myocardial ultrastructure as assessed by endomyocardial biopsy: comparative study of hypertrophic and congestive cardiomyopathies.", "content": "Interrelation of left ventricular function and myocardial ultrastructure as assessed by endomyocardial biopsy: comparative study of hypertrophic and congestive cardiomyopathies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031987"}
{"pmid": "1031988", "title": "Is there a calcium-caused defect of oxidative phosphorylation in cardiomyopathic hamster hearts?", "content": "Is there a calcium-caused defect of oxidative phosphorylation in cardiomyopathic hamster hearts? Mitochondria from cardiomyopathic hamster hearts have elevated calcium levels, which may cause a defect of oxidative phosphorylation in a small fraction of them. Using a combination of dual labeling density-gradient centrifugation, it was not possible to isolate such an abnormal fraction. However, cardiomyopathic mitochondria are more susceptible to damage by calcium in vitro, suggesting that an abnormal fraction does exist nevertheless.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031988"}
{"pmid": "1031990", "title": "Reduced response of cardiac norepinephrine release to isometric handgrip exercise in heart failure.", "content": "Reduced response of cardiac norepinephrine release to isometric handgrip exercise in heart failure. In order to evaluate the relation of cardiac norepinephrine (NE) release to left ventricular function, blood was taken simultaneously from the coronary sinus (CS) and the aorta (A) in 19 patients with heart diseases, at rest and during isometric handgrip exercise (IHG) at 30% of their maximal contraction. Plasma NE was analyzed by Renzini's THI method. The concentrations of plasma NE at rest were 397 +/- 66 (S.E.M.) ng/liter in CS and 292 +/- 50 in A. IHG significantly increased NE to 578 +/- 88 in CS and to 462 +/- 85 in A (p less than 0.001). Estimated NE release from the heart (deltaNE = NECS - NEA) correlated inversely to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure at rest (r = -0.520, p less than 0.05) and during IHG (r= -0.689, p less than 0.01). The changes in deltaNE induced by IHG correlated to the slope of the left ventricular function curve (r=0.618, p less than 0.01). It is concluded that the response of cardiac NE release to exercise is reduced in patients with depressed cardiac function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031990"}
{"pmid": "1031994", "title": "Changes in purine nucleoside content in human myocardial efflux during pacing-induced ischemia.", "content": "Changes in purine nucleoside content in human myocardial efflux during pacing-induced ischemia. Pacing-induced myocardial ischemia in 18 patients resulted in an increase of coronary sinus hypoxanthine levels from 1.20 +/- 0.18 micron during control to 2.41 +/- 0.52 micron (p less than 0.025) during pain. In addition, early lactate production occurred frequently before angina was noted. Neither hypoxanthine nor lactate levels changed in seven nonanginal patients, nor were significant alterations in potassium, inorganic phosphate, glucose, or oxygen saturation found in all patients. Myocardial hypoxanthine production seems a useful indicator of ischemia in the human heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031994"}
{"pmid": "1031995", "title": "Nucleic DNA and RNA in cardiac muscle cell of experimental myocardial infarct.", "content": "Nucleic DNA and RNA in cardiac muscle cell of experimental myocardial infarct. Myocardial infarction was produced in dogs, and the changes in nucleic acid synthetic activity were investigated quantitatively by microspectrophotometer in the myocardial cells as time progressed. DNA value, immediately after infarction, was greatly increased in comparison to that of the control group. At two weeks after infarction the value had increased to the highest level. After this point the value decreased, and, in 12 weeks, the mean value was back to the control level. Changes in RNA followed a pattern similar to DNA changes. The mechanism of the repair process of myocardial infarction was investigated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031995"}
{"pmid": "1031993", "title": "The influence of plasma volume changes on enzymatic estimation of infarct size.", "content": "The influence of plasma volume changes on enzymatic estimation of infarct size. In 18 patients, myocardial injury was estimated by mathematical analysis of the rise in plasma activity of alpha-hydroxybutyrate (alpha-HBDH) dehydrogenase as observed by multiple sampling after admission. This enzyme represents the lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes LDH1 and LDH2. Changes in plasma volume were assessed by determining hematocrit values at the same time as the enzyme activities. Infarct size was expressed in IU/liter of plasma and in grams of heart muscle per liter of plasma (g/liter). Significant changes in plasma volume, reflected in hematocrit changes, occurred (average 12%): 10 patients without pulmonary edema showed an average change of 7%; for the group of eight patients with pulmonary edema, the change was 17%. When calculated infarct size was not correlated for plasma volume changes, a significant overestimation occurred (11.7%, range 0.7-29.7%). In the subgroup of patients with pulmonary edema the mean overestimation was 15.8%, and in patients without pulmonary edema, the mean overestimation was 8.5%. It is concluded that plasma volume changes after an acute myocardial infarction have to be taken into account when infarct size is calculated on the basis of plasma enzyme levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031993"}
{"pmid": "1031996", "title": "Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity after acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity after acute myocardial infarction. After acute myocardial infarction, serial serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) activity was elevated in both high and low DBH subgroups. The observed increase in DBH activity on the first, second, and third days after acute myocardial infarction suggests an augmentation in sympathetic nervous system activity after acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031996"}
{"pmid": "1031997", "title": "Release of lysosomal enzymes during ischemic injury of canine myocardium.", "content": "Release of lysosomal enzymes during ischemic injury of canine myocardium. The pathobiology of the process of myocardial injury during ischemia comprises a series of events that results in the release of lysosomal enzymes from their subcellular locations within the myocardium. We have developed a canine model of acute myocardial ischemia in which the anterior descending coronary artery is ligated, myocardial blood flow is measured using radioactive microspheres, and tissues from subendocardium and subepicardium are assayed for activity of lysosomal hydrolases:N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG), beta-glucuronidase (beta-gluc), and acid phosphatase (AP). Particulate fractions of subendocardium revealed significant depletion of of total acid hydrolases (NAG, beta-gluc, and AP) after one and two hours of ischemia. In addition, after two hours of ischemia, the total activity of these three hydrolases in the subendocardial supernatant was decreased, correlating significantly with diminished myocardial blood flow (NAG: r =0.96; beta-gluc: r = 0.95; AP: r = 0.75). The diminished enzymatic levels in thesupernatant suggested \"washout\" of the hydrolases that was more efficient in those ischemic areas that had higher myocardial flow (greater than 20% of control). These changes in distribution of lysosomal hydrolases indicate early involvement of these enzymes in the pathobiology of myocardial injury and demonstrate the dynamic relationship of \"washout\" of acid hydrolases with the degree of diminished blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031997"}
{"pmid": "1031999", "title": "Features of lysosomal proteolytic enzyme activity in infarcted myocardium.", "content": "Features of lysosomal proteolytic enzyme activity in infarcted myocardium. Myocardial infarction was produced in dogs to investigate the behavior of cardiac lysosomal enzymes; acid protease and beta-glucuronidase activities were measured in whole myocardial homogenate and 30,000 X g supernatant fractions. Total activity of acid protease in the whole homogenate of the myocardium increased after 1 hr of infarction and showed maximal value after 6 hr, while in the 30,000 X g supernatant fraction the activity began to increase after 3 hr and reached the maximal level by 24 hr. Total beta-glucuronidase activity in the whole homogenate decreased during the initial 3 hr after myocardial infarction and markedly increased after 12 hr. The activity in the 30,000 X g supernatant fraction showed corresponding changes. These findings that the increase in whole homogenate activity preceded that in the 30,000 X g supernatant fraction may support the hypothesis that lysosomal enzymes may be newly synthesized and then solubilized in the infarcted myocardium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031999"}
{"pmid": "1031985", "title": "Ultrastructural features of diseased human atrial muscle cells.", "content": "Ultrastructural features of diseased human atrial muscle cells. Left atrial myocardial tissues, excised at the time of surgery from 30 Japanese patients, were studied using light and electron microscopy and the freeze-fracture technique. All had mitral valvular disease, and, in 22 (74%) patients, atrial fibrillation also was present. In all patients, most of the left atrial cardiocytes were hypertrophied and surrounded by various amounts of fibrous tissue. Degenerative alterations included large masses of lipofuscin granules and lamellar bodies, disorganized myofibrils, widened Z-line material, selective loss of thick filaments, and prominent tubules of sarcoplasmic reticulum. A high incidence of tubular aggregates was observed in 70% of the cases. Such alterations were seen more often in the mitral regurgitation group as compared to the mitral stenosis group. Atrial cardiocytes were found to be more susceptible to disease processes, such as rheumatic fever and subsequent pressure and/or volume overloading, than ventricular cardiocytes. Human atrial cardiocytes may be utilized in future cytopathological studies to study the effect of processes leading to cardiocyte hypertrophy and degeneration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031985"}
{"pmid": "1031998", "title": "Pepstatin inhibition of rat myocardial acid protease.", "content": "Pepstatin inhibition of rat myocardial acid protease. The protease inhibitor, pepstatin, inhibited acid protease in rat heart homogenates with a Ki of 7 x 10(-11) M by a noncompetitive mechanism, but it had no effect on myocardial acid protease activity when given in high doses to intact animals. Exposure of heart slices to 10(-7) M pepstatin for two hours also failed to produce demonstrable acid protease inhibition, suggesting that myocardial acid protease activity is unaffected by this potent inhibitor unless the integrity of the cell is disturbed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1031998"}
{"pmid": "1032000", "title": "Autophagy in cardiac myocytes.", "content": "Autophagy in cardiac myocytes. The fetal mouse heart (FMH) in organ culture continues to beat for a period of weeks, but degenerative changes occur. Electron microscopy revealed formation of autophagic vacuoles containing damaged organelles in some cells after the first day, indicating focal cytoplasmic injury. This process was accelerated by transient deprivation of oxygen and glucose followed by resupply of oxygen and glucose. FMHs were maintained for up to four hours in glucose-free media in an atmosphere of 95% N/5% CO2 followed by resupply of O2 and glucose. Twenty-four hours later, many cells recovered without residual injury. Many others revealed autophagic vacuoles ranging from those in which organelles were readily identified to those characteristic of residual bodies. It appears that focal injury stimulates the endoplasmic reticulum to enclose the damaged components, permitting localized lysosomal digestion without causing injury to the entire cell. Autophagy has not been emphasized as an important mechanism in transient ischemia in adult myocytes, but it may play a role in repair of sublethal injury. The FMH organ culture provides an excellent model for studying the sequential autophagic changes in a system in which these events can be accelerated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032000"}
{"pmid": "1032003", "title": "Investigation into the causes of increased protein synthesis in acute hemodynamic overload.", "content": "Investigation into the causes of increased protein synthesis in acute hemodynamic overload.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032003"}
{"pmid": "1032001", "title": "Myocardial protection during open-heart surgery: preservation of myocardial metabolism and ultrastructure by cold coronary perfusion.", "content": "Myocardial protection during open-heart surgery: preservation of myocardial metabolism and ultrastructure by cold coronary perfusion. Myocardial protection by means of selective, continuous coronary perfusion with cold oxygenated blood of low flow rate and of low perfusion pressure is an excellent procedure both clinically and experimentally. This method should be particularly useful in poor-risk patients, for whom a maximal preservation of the myocardium is imperative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032001"}
{"pmid": "1032002", "title": "Myocardial energy metabolism and protection of heart muscle at low temperatures.", "content": "Myocardial energy metabolism and protection of heart muscle at low temperatures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032002"}
{"pmid": "1032005", "title": "Preservation of myocardial membrane integrity in the early phase of acute myocardial ischemia.", "content": "Preservation of myocardial membrane integrity in the early phase of acute myocardial ischemia. Myocardial uptake of dexamethasone (Dex) or methylprednisolone (MP) was studied using tritiated tracers in isolated perfused cat hearts during acute myocardial ischemia. Considerable amounts of Dex and MP were incorported into the plasma membranes in control, border-zone, and ischemic myocardium. Lesser amounts were bound to the remaining subcellular organelles. A gradient of the glucocorticoid uptake was observed decreasing from control myocardium to ischemic myocardium in all subcellular fractions. By the first hour of ischemia, the myocardial plasma membranes underwent marked depletion of activity of 5'-nucleotidase, a plasma membrane marker enzyme, indicating early loss of plasma membrane integrity in acute myocardial ischemia. The incorporation of Dex or MP into the plasma membranes resulted in a significant decrease in loww of 5'-nucleotidase activity of the plasma membranes in the border-zone and ischemic myocardium. The data provide direct evidence 1) to support a membrane stabilizing action of glucocorticoids, and 2) to focus on the plasma membranes as a potentially important site of protection during the early phase of acute myocardial ischemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032005"}
{"pmid": "1032004", "title": "Experimental studies on myocardial metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in surface-induced deep hypothermia.", "content": "Experimental studies on myocardial metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in surface-induced deep hypothermia. In surface-induced deep hypothermia, metabolic acidosis resulting from lactacidemia was observed. In the hypothermic heart, the rate of reduction in the coronary arteriovenous (A-V) difference ratio of lactate, pyruvate, and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) was proportionately less than that of coronary flow and myocardial oxygen consumption, suggesting that lactate, pyruvate, and NEFA play important roles as energy fuels in the hypothermic heart. Myocardial metabolism of glucose was reduced; exogenous corticosteroids and ATP do not influence the myocardial metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids in the hypothermic heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032004"}
{"pmid": "1032006", "title": "Effect of physical fitness on myocardial damage and circulation after myocardial necrosis.", "content": "Effect of physical fitness on myocardial damage and circulation after myocardial necrosis. The effect of physical training (conditioning) on myocardial circulation and myocardial damage has been evaluated in experimental myocardial necrosis in albino rats. Conditioning was done by making the animals swim in a tank of water, thermostatically controlled at 32 degrees +/- 1 degrees C, 60 minutes daily, six days a week, for eight weeks. Myocardial necrosis was produced by subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol, 85 mg/kg body weight, on two consecutive days. Investigations included ECG (lead II), SGOT, SGPT, SLDH, SCPK, histopathology of the heart, and myocardial Rubidium 84 uptake. It was observed that, in conditioned animals, elevation of serum enzymes was less, incidence of cardiac arrhythmia was lower, myocardial damage was less marked, and myocardial circulation was better after myocardial necrosis in comparison to unconditioned animals. Less myocardial damage and lower incidence of cardiac of cardiac arrhythmia are presumably associated with a better prognosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032006"}
{"pmid": "1032010", "title": "Viability and histopathology of eleven fresh, antibiotic-treated allografts removed three weeks to three years after implantation.", "content": "Viability and histopathology of eleven fresh, antibiotic-treated allografts removed three weeks to three years after implantation. Changes in metabolic activity of removed heart valve allografts have been measured. The fresh heart valves were sterilized and stored in antibiotic solution before implantation in patients. Viability was determined before insertion and after removal from patients by two methods: 1) tissue culture, and 2) autoradiography, using tritiated thymidine. The length of storage in the Hank's antibiotic or nutrient-antibiotic medium before insertion did not seem to influence the final metabolic activity nor the structural integrity of the allografts when they were removed. Results from the present study show that the most severe degenerative changes occur in valves stored in Hank's solution and then implanted in the mitral position. The viability percentage declined progressively during the time that a valve treated in this manner was functioning in a patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032010"}
{"pmid": "1032007", "title": "Pharmacological protection of hypoxic heart.", "content": "Pharmacological protection of hypoxic heart. The ability of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists, with and without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, and of verapamil to protect the heart against hypoxia-induced damage was investigated. Damage was quantitated in terms of a raised end-diastolic resting tension and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) release. The results indicate that both the d and the l isomers act differently, the isomers preventing CPK release and the d isomers preventing the increase in resting tension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032007"}
{"pmid": "1032013", "title": "Transmural gradients in ischemic canine left ventricle: effects of blood reflow on glycolytic intermediates.", "content": "Transmural gradients in ischemic canine left ventricle: effects of blood reflow on glycolytic intermediates. Following two and four hours of left ventricular ischemia, 20 minutes of blood reflow cannot produce a complete return to normal oxidative metabolism in ischemic canine myocardium. Glycolysis remains increased and aerobic metabolism is most extensively depressed in the subendocardium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032013"}
{"pmid": "1032009", "title": "Studies on experimental coronary insufficiency. II. Effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agent (propranolol) on metabolic response to adrenaline and noradrenaline in dogs with coronary constriction.", "content": "Studies on experimental coronary insufficiency. II. Effects of beta-adrenergic blocking agent (propranolol) on metabolic response to adrenaline and noradrenaline in dogs with coronary constriction. To obtain further information on the mechanism by which catecholamines produce myocardial ischemia, the effects of propranolol on metabolic and mechanical responses to adrenaline or noradrenaline were investigated in coronary-constricted dogs. Propranolol suppressed the myocardial ischemia produced by noradrenaline and adrenaline in dogs with moderate coronary constriction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032009"}
{"pmid": "1032011", "title": "Coronary microcirculatory factors and cardiac muscle cell injury.", "content": "Coronary microcirculatory factors and cardiac muscle cell injury. Coronary artery ligation with or without reperfusion was carried out in Wistar rats to study the role of coronary microcirculatory factors and membrane permeability alteration of cardiac muscle cell in the evolution of cardiac muscle cell injury by using the fine structural extracellular protein tracer, horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The findings were compared with those obtained in noncoronarogenic myocardial injury models following administration of norepinephrine, a pressor, and isoproterenol, a depressor catecholamine. Following left coronary artery ligation lastingfor 10 and 20 minutes, some of the collaterals in the ischemic zone were perused by the tracer, but the numer of patent capillaries decreased during 60-min ligation. The inhomogeneous involvement of cardiac muscle cells in ischemic injury correlated well with these microcirculatory findings. In comparison to permanent ischemia, an abrupt deterioration of the cardiac muscle cell alteration occured after reperfusion with influx of HRP into the damaged cells. The binding of tracer to myofilaments was, however, a later event as compared to that seen in the catecholamine models. The latter observation implies that, in addition to microcirculatory factors, direct cardiac muscle cell stimulation should also be considered in the evolution of noncoronarogenic myocardial injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032011"}
{"pmid": "1032012", "title": "The effects of coronary artery ligation on transmural high-energy phosphates following 20 minutes of blood reflow.", "content": "The effects of coronary artery ligation on transmural high-energy phosphates following 20 minutes of blood reflow. Normal or elevated levels of ATP and phosphocreatine (PCr) were observed from the subepicardium to the subendocardium of the canine left ventricle after five and 20 minutes of left circumflex artery occlusion followed by 20 minutes of blood reflow. However, after two or four hours of occlusion, followed by reflow, ATP and PCr levels were markedly depressed, and a significant decreasing decreasing subepicardial to subendocardial gradient appeared, suggestive of inhibition of oxidative metabolism during extended periods of ischemia but not during short periods of ischemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032012"}
{"pmid": "1032008", "title": "Studies on experimental coronary insufficiency. I. Effects of a physiological dose of adrenaline and noradrenaline on myocardial metabolism in dogs with graded coronary constriction.", "content": "Studies on experimental coronary insufficiency. I. Effects of a physiological dose of adrenaline and noradrenaline on myocardial metabolism in dogs with graded coronary constriction. To investigate the mechanism by which catecholamines produce myocardial ischemia, the effect of intracoronary-administered adrenaline and noradrenaline was studied in dogs with graded coronary constriction. A physiological dose of catecholamines was favorable for augmentation or improvement of myocardial metabolism and cardiac function in dogs without or with slight coronary constriction. However, in dogs with moderate or severe coronary constriction, similar doses of catecholamines produced myocardial ischemia and cardiac dysfunction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032008"}
{"pmid": "1032014", "title": "Evaluation of perfusion conditions in cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Evaluation of perfusion conditions in cardiopulmonary bypass. Fresh sections of left ventricular drill biopsies, taken at the beginning and end of cardiopulmonary bypass in 164 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, have been analyzed for myocardial function. This has been assessed by changes in biochemical function, measured by semi-quantitative histochemical methods, and by changes in birefringence, measured quantitatively by polarization microscopy. It has been shown that continuous perfusion at 32 degrees C with the heart beating provided better preservation than did the other three perfusion procedures, in all of which the heart was fibrillating. More recently, in a small number of cases, cardioplegic arrest has been found to given even better preservation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032014"}
{"pmid": "1032015", "title": "Ultrastructural change in myocardium subsequent to ischemic cardioplegia \"no-reflow phenomenon\".", "content": "Ultrastructural change in myocardium subsequent to ischemic cardioplegia \"no-reflow phenomenon\". Mongrel dogs were subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass with hemodilution and to normothermic anoxic arrest for 30 minutes, to study the subepicardial and the subendocardial myocardial ultructure and the DPTI/TTI ratio. \"No-reflow phenomenon\" was demonstrated in the myocardium after cardiopulmonary bypass, associated with normothermic anoxic arrest. No-reflow phenomenon was a contributing factor to subendocardial ischemia in the normotrophied ventricle after open-heart surgery. Severe hemodilution with hemoglobin less than 5.0 g% resulted in irreversible damage in both myocardial layers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032015"}
{"pmid": "1032031", "title": "Fucosidosis: a neuropathological study.", "content": "Fucosidosis: a neuropathological study. The involvement of the central nervous system in fucosidosis is related to severe lesions of both nerve and glial cells. The morphology of cells degeneration is characterized by both vacuoli containing water-soluble fuco-derivatives (fuco-oligosaccharides) and/or granular substances probably constituted by fuco-sphingolipds. The cerebral cortex is the most severely affected. The involvement of the white matter is related to the glial cells degeneration. The relationship between the morphology of nerve and glial cells lesions, and the accumulation of oligosaccharides and sphingolipids following the absence of alpha-L-fucosidase, is briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032031"}
{"pmid": "1032036", "title": "Studies on the clustering of multiple sclerosis in Finland.", "content": "Studies on the clustering of multiple sclerosis in Finland. The epidemiological investigation of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Finland revealed a prevalence rate of 40.3 per 100.000 inhabitants. The geographic distribution of MS was uneven in the country. MS seemed to occur more often in the western and southwestern parts of the country, where the prevalences varied between 51.7 and 62.1 This phenomenon became even more pronounced when the distribution of the disease was investigated in small geographic units. Optic neuritis showed a geographic distribution similar to that of MS, with clustering in the same parts of the country and even in the same narrow districts. The correlation between the birthplaces of MS and optic neuritis patients was very significant (p less than 0.001), which suggest that they share a common aetiology. The possible aetiological role of genetic and exogenous factors was discussed in the western cluster of MS, where the percentage of familial cases was 13 and an accumulation of muscular dystrophy of cattle was observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032036"}
{"pmid": "1032033", "title": "The syndrome of carnitine deficiency.", "content": "The syndrome of carnitine deficiency. Three cases of lipid storage myopathy and carnitine deficiency are presented. Two had a fatal course and were insensitive to cortisone and carnitine-replacement therapy. The two fatal cases had lipid accumulation in organs other than the skeletal muscles and carnitine was reduced in plasma, skeletal muscles, heart and liver. Fibroblasts from one of these \"generalized\" cases of carnitine deficiency were grown from a skin biopsy. Carnitine level, fatty acids uptake and oxidation were not appreciably different between the patients' fibroblasts and those of controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032033"}
{"pmid": "1032034", "title": "The neurophysiological features of various diseases with NCL storage.", "content": "The neurophysiological features of various diseases with NCL storage. Combined EEG/ERG/VER studies were carried out on 47 children with verified neuronal storage of ceroid/lipofuscin-like material. The majority of patients fell into one of three main groups. Each group showed its own characteristic combination of neurophysiological features which were of diagnostic importance and closely parallel to the age of onset and the evolution of clinical symptoms characteristic to each group. These findings suggest that general terms such as \"NCL\" or \"Batten's disease\" imply a single disease process and are misleading.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032034"}
{"pmid": "1032022", "title": "Pleiotropic effect of serum on beating rat heart cell cultures and their modulation by hormones.", "content": "Pleiotropic effect of serum on beating rat heart cell cultures and their modulation by hormones. The multiple effects of serum on metabolic activities and macromolecular syntheses of heart cell cultures are discussed in this chapter. This pleiotropic response, which is linearly related to the amount of serum used, allowed us to quantitatively test the growth-promoting activity of different hormones. In addition, the possible mediation of the serum effects by cyclic nucleotides is considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032022"}
{"pmid": "1032035", "title": "Recent findings on some \"new\" neurometabolic diseases.", "content": "Recent findings on some \"new\" neurometabolic diseases. The most common inborn error of glycoprotein catabolism appears to be aspartylglycosaminuria (AGU). It is characterized by deepening mental retardation, progressive lesions of connective tissue, and increased urinary excretion of aspartyglycosylamine. The first symptoms usually appear after 3 years of age and closely resemble those of Hurler's disease. The condition is a hereditary lysosomal storage disease due to a defective enzyme. The main clinical findings in a infantile type of neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (INCL) are psychomotor retardation, visual failure, and a virtually isoelectric E.E.G. at the final stage of the disease. The symptoms of this hereditary disorder first appear between 8 and 18 months of age and the mean age at death is 6.5 years. Striking cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, together with neuronal loss and accumulation of lipofuscin-like material, can be observed at neuropathological examination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032035"}
{"pmid": "1032037", "title": "Epidemiological survey on multiple sclerosis in Italy.", "content": "Epidemiological survey on multiple sclerosis in Italy. An epidemiological survey on Multiple Sclerosis was carried out in 1975 with similar methods in 9 italian provinces: 4 in the North, 2 in central Italy and 3 in the south and islands. It was found that the incidence of the disease was partically uniform in the northern provinces, in the central Italy and in Bari province. It is important however to complete in greater detail such survey in the south of Italy where the data are still incomplete.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032037"}
{"pmid": "1032017", "title": "Effect of environmental factors and tissue culture methodology in producing and studying cultured cardiac cells.", "content": "Effect of environmental factors and tissue culture methodology in producing and studying cultured cardiac cells. Improvement in the method of heart cell cultures is described and justified in relation to environmental factors. The validity of such cardiac cell culture for cardiac research is discussed in light of particular cellular activities: differentiation of lipoprotein lipase, myoglobin biosynthesis, glucose and fatty acid metabolism pleiotypic responses (rotein, RNA, and DNA biosyntheses, substrates transports) to serum stimulation, and the architectonic growth of muscle and nonmuscle cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032017"}
{"pmid": "1032016", "title": "Tissue culture of myocardial cells: introductory remarks.", "content": "Tissue culture of myocardial cells: introductory remarks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032016"}
{"pmid": "1032019", "title": "Fetal mouse hearts in organ culture. Studies in cardiac metabolism.", "content": "Fetal mouse hearts in organ culture. Studies in cardiac metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032019"}
{"pmid": "1032020", "title": "Palmitate oxidation by beating heart cells in culture.", "content": "Palmitate oxidation by beating heart cells in culture. Palmitic acid oxidation has been studied in cultures of beating heart cells. The data reported suggest: 1. The main source of fatty acids for oxidation in cell cultures is provided by lypolysis of preexisting intracellular fatty acids. Most fatty acids that have just entered the cell are not oxidized immediately. Thus, aged heart cells in culture seem to retain their ability to utilize fatty acids as their main energy source. 2. In cultured heart cells, the amount of CO2 obtained from the carboxyl group was much higher than that obtained from the methyl group. On the other hand, beta-hydroxybutrate has been shown to be formed mainly from the methyl group. This may indicate that beta-oxidation terminates at the beta-hydroxybutyrate stage because of premature dissociation of this last intermediate from the enzyme complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032020"}
{"pmid": "1032021", "title": "Synthesis and phosphorylation of canine cardiac myosin in tissue-culture assessment of hypertrophying factors.", "content": "Synthesis and phosphorylation of canine cardiac myosin in tissue-culture assessment of hypertrophying factors. Canine cardiac myosin, which was synthesized in a 14-day tissue culture, based on L-[3H] leucine incorporation, was precipitated with goat gamma G antimyosin (cardiac-specific) and analyzed on dodecylsulfate gels. Incorporation of 32PO4 into myosin chains occurring in culture was the same as that obtained in vivo and appeared to be coupled with translation. Removal of 32PO4 from myosin heavy chains with base treatment indicated the presence of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine in canine cardiac myosin heavy chains. Further acid hydrolysis confirmed the data. The system described here, i.e., analyses of 32PO4 and L[3H] leucine incorporation into myosin heavy chains, could be used as a system for assaying hypertrophying factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032021"}
{"pmid": "1032030", "title": "Fucosidosis: diagnosis of five patients and carrier detection.", "content": "Fucosidosis: diagnosis of five patients and carrier detection. The clinical and biochemical data of the two original cases of fucosidosis type I and of three other type II are reported. Of less than forty patients affected with fucosidosis, described in the literature, seven belong to two pedigree originating from a small, isolated area of the Southern Italian region of Calabria. All the affected children were born from first cousin marriages. Clinical heterogeneity has been observed inside both pedigrees and some patients show angiokeratoma while others do not.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032030"}
{"pmid": "1032018", "title": "The effect of aerobic and anoxic perfusion on protein synthesis in cardiac arrest.", "content": "The effect of aerobic and anoxic perfusion on protein synthesis in cardiac arrest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032018"}
{"pmid": "1032023", "title": "Ouabain-induced arrhythmias of cultured myocardial cells and their improvement by quinidine.", "content": "Ouabain-induced arrhythmias of cultured myocardial cells and their improvement by quinidine. Single-isolated myocardial cells obtained in vitro from fetal mouse heart developed various types of arrhythmic movements, such as fibrillatory and fluttering movements, in medium containing ouabain. The percentage of isolated myocardial cells that exhibited arrhythmic movements increased as ouabain concentration was increased. The arrhythmic movements induced by relatively low concentrations of ouabain were reduced by addition of quinidine. Cell clusters also developed various types of arrhythmic movements in medium containing ouabain. These arrhythmias became more severe when the ouabain concentration was increased. Under conditions such that approximately 43% of the single-isolated myocardial cells showed arrhythmias, many cells in cell clusters showed fibrillatory movements, but the cell clusters as a whole still maintained rhythmic beating. Under conditions in which about 65% of the single-isolated myocardial cells showed arrhythmias, cell clusters as a whole showed irregular beating. The cell clusters stopped beating under conditions in which about 79% of the single-isolated myocardial cells showed arrhythmias. Relatively mild types of arrhythmias of cell clusters were improved by addition of quinidine. From these observations, the genesis and improvement of arrhythmias of cell clusters were concluded to be essentially a result of the genesis and improvement of arrhythmic movements of the individual component cells in the clusters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032023"}
{"pmid": "1032026", "title": "Morphological evidence for neural control of the activity of rat heart pacemaker.", "content": "Morphological evidence for neural control of the activity of rat heart pacemaker.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032026"}
{"pmid": "1032028", "title": "Fine structure of the sinoatrial node of rabbit heart.", "content": "Fine structure of the sinoatrial node of rabbit heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032028"}
{"pmid": "1032024", "title": "Experimental studies on cardiac arrhythmias with special reference to fibrillation in heart cell culture.", "content": "Experimental studies on cardiac arrhythmias with special reference to fibrillation in heart cell culture. Fibrillation-like beating of cardiac muscle cells in culture was induced by altering the concentrations of various ions. Fine structural changes of cell membrane and intercellular alteration of cardiac muscle cells appeared to be more prominent in cells with fibrilliation-like beating than in others. From the results of the present study, it may be concluded that fibrillation-like beating may occur in the presence of altered concentrations of certain ions, accompanied by fine structural changes in the cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032024"}
{"pmid": "1032025", "title": "Myocardial depressant factor and rat heart myoblasts in tissue culture.", "content": "Myocardial depressant factor and rat heart myoblasts in tissue culture. Beating rat heart myoblasts in tissue culture are suitable for the demonstration of the effect of sera from patients with cardiogenic shock upon the contractility of heart muscle. Shock serum either promptly stops beating or causes discoordinated movements of the cultivated myoblasts (fibrillation). This effect of the shock serum is concentration-dependent. Hydrocortisone before and/or after treatment of the cultivated cells does not influence the effect of the shock serum. Calcium ions shorten the period of standstill of the muscle cells after washout of the shock serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032025"}
{"pmid": "1032029", "title": "Fine structure of the conduction system and working myocardium in the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus.", "content": "Fine structure of the conduction system and working myocardium in the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus. In the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus, topography and ultrastructure of the sinus node and the atrioventricular (AV) node resemble those in large mammalian hearts, except that the P cells in the sinus node are smaller than those in the bat AV node or those in the sinus node of slower hearts (e.g., dog, man). Despite rich innervation in the bat nodes, true neuromuscular synapses are rarely formed. Bat working cardiocytes have a well developed sarcoplasmic reticulum, but otherwise resemble working myocytes of larger mammals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032029"}
{"pmid": "1032041", "title": "Prognosis in arteriosclerotic heart disease.", "content": "Prognosis in arteriosclerotic heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032041"}
{"pmid": "1032042", "title": "Cardiovascular physiology of dynamic and static exercise.", "content": "Cardiovascular physiology of dynamic and static exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032042"}
{"pmid": "1032044", "title": "The art of caring.", "content": "The art of caring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032044"}
{"pmid": "1032045", "title": "The family system and physical illness.", "content": "The family system and physical illness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032045"}
{"pmid": "1032043", "title": "Stress electrocardiogram--probabilities of disease.", "content": "Stress electrocardiogram--probabilities of disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032043"}
{"pmid": "1032040", "title": "Hobson's choice.", "content": "Hobson's choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032040"}
{"pmid": "1032027", "title": "Cardiotoxic effects of adriamycin in mammalian cardiac cells in culture.", "content": "Cardiotoxic effects of adriamycin in mammalian cardiac cells in culture. Cardiotoxicity of unknown etiology may preclude the use of adriamycin, a cancer chemotherapeutic agent. Mammalian cardiac cells in culture were used as a model system in the study of the mechanisms involved. Adriamycin inhibited cell growth, particularly of the fast-dividing nonmuscle cells. This inhibition might be a contributory factor to cardiomyopathy, but it does not explain the cessation of the rhythmic contractions characteristic of myocardial cells in culture. The concentrations of ATP and phosphorylcreatine (PC) were decreased in the adriamycin-treated cells, but the addition of creatine resulted in a several-fold increase of PC. Therefore, the regulation of energy production and the potential to maintain a high, steady-state concentration of PC were not impaired.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032027"}
{"pmid": "1032046", "title": "Pathophysiology and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Pathophysiology and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032046"}
{"pmid": "1032047", "title": "Unusual electrocardiograms in athletes.", "content": "Unusual electrocardiograms in athletes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032047"}
{"pmid": "1032051", "title": "Studies on cartilage formation XIX. Oxygen and glucose supply of the regenerating articular surface.", "content": "Studies on cartilage formation XIX. Oxygen and glucose supply of the regenerating articular surface. Complete removal of the articular cartilage in dogs is followed by regeneration of the articular surface. At the site of the bone wound, granulation tissue develops, which later differentiates into cartilage. The O2 and glucose supply of the regenerating articular surface is ensured by the synovial fluid, by the large exposed surface of the medullary cavity, and by the capillary network of the granulation tissue. Oxygen and glucose supply of the articular surface in different stages of differentiation has been statistically analyzed. It is suggested that in the early stage of regeneration O2 supply comes predominantly from the capillaries of the granulation tissue. Later on, as capillarization regresses, the oxygen supply, originating from the synovia and medullary cavity, assumes a more important role. In the stage of cartilage regeneration an oxygen-deficient state can be supposed in the entire articular surface, but areas differing in oxygen supply may be formed owing to local differences (due mainly to the extent of vascularization and degree of generation of the subchondral bone layer). At the site of chondrogenesis, conditions allowing aerobic metabolism of cells with reduced O2 requirements seem to be ensured. Glucose supply deriving from the above-mentioned sources satisfies the highest glucose requirements of the cells in the regenerating articular surface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032051"}
{"pmid": "1032055", "title": "Dry weight and 5HT concentration in the cerebral ganglia of Anodonta (Mollusca) during activity.", "content": "Dry weight and 5HT concentration in the cerebral ganglia of Anodonta (Mollusca) during activity. As shown by interferometry, the amount of protein in neuron bodies of Anodonta cygnea L. cerebral ganglia changed in direct relation to the duration of the active state of the mollusc. The amount of serotonin in cerebral ganglia changes independently of the amount of protein in nerve cells, although it varies consistently with the activity and rest of the animal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032055"}
{"pmid": "1032056", "title": "Rosette formation of concanavalin A-treated erythrocytes around polymorphonuclear leucocytes and lymphocytes.", "content": "Rosette formation of concanavalin A-treated erythrocytes around polymorphonuclear leucocytes and lymphocytes. Concanavalin A (Con A) induces rosette formation of erythrocytes around polymorphonuclear leucocytes and lymphocytes in cell suspensions of autologous human blood cells. The effect which is most characteristic in a concentration between 25 and 50 microgram/ml is due to Con A bound on the erythrocyte membrane. A similar effect, although less pronounced, was observed with phytohaemagglutinin at concentrations of 10 and 25 microgram/ml. The treated erythrocytes showed a higher affinity to polymorphonuclears when compared with lymphocytes. At the contact area, the membrane of the erythrocyte became highly folded while its free surface was smooth and spherical. The effect of the local concentration and immunobilization of the lectin on the erythrocyte membrane and the similarity of the contact pattern to that of erythrophagocytosis are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032056"}
{"pmid": "1032054", "title": "Role of ultimobranchial body and corpuscle of Stannius in regulation of the plasma calcium and phosphorus levels in the teleost Heteropneustes fossilis.", "content": "Role of ultimobranchial body and corpuscle of Stannius in regulation of the plasma calcium and phosphorus levels in the teleost Heteropneustes fossilis. Effects of NaF, CaCl2, NaCl and mammalian calcitonin on the histology of ultimo-branchial (UTB) and corpuscle of Stannius (CS) and plasma levels of calcium and phosphorus in the teleost Heteropneustes fossilis are recorded. Administration of NaF, NaCl, and mammalian calcitonin resulted in varying degree of hypolcalcaemia and hyperphosphataemia, whereas hypercalcaemia and hypophosphataemia developed during CaCl2 treatment. These treatments also produced various histological changes in UTB and CS. It is suggested that CS and UTB are involved in metabolisms of Ca and P, and in osmoregulation. Moreover, it is an important hypocalcaemic mechanism in this fish in combating hypercalcaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032054"}
{"pmid": "1032059", "title": "Heterogeneity in the fibres of the body wall muscles of the earthworm.", "content": "Heterogeneity in the fibres of the body wall muscles of the earthworm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032059"}
{"pmid": "1032061", "title": "Ventilation efficiency after different incisions for cholecystectomy.", "content": "Ventilation efficiency after different incisions for cholecystectomy. Forced expiratory vital capacity (VC), forced expired volume during the 1st second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were measured preoperatively and during the first four postoperative days in 44 patients undergoing cholecystectomy. 18 patients had a muscle splitting incision (M.S.), with no transection of the abdominal muscles; 15 patients had a subcostal incision with transection of the rectus muscle; 11 patients had a midline incision with transection of linea alba. Postoperatively, VC and FEV1 were reduced to 75% of the preoperative value with a m.s. incision, and to 40-55% with a subcostal or midline incision PEF was reduced to 65% of the initial value with a m.s. incision and to 50% with the other incisions. Almost every second patient with a m.s. incision had returned to the initial VC and PEF within four days, whereas only one did so with a subcostal or mid-line incision. In conclusion, the m.s. incision reduces postoperative ventilation efficiency less than other incisions. Its use may reduce postoperative pulmonary complications and shorten the hospital stay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032061"}
{"pmid": "1032060", "title": "A comparison of Mersilene and polyglycolic acid sutures in pararectal abdominal wounds after appendectomy.", "content": "A comparison of Mersilene and polyglycolic acid sutures in pararectal abdominal wounds after appendectomy. A total of 206 patients were subjected to operation for acute appendicitis through a pararectal laparotomy. Mersilene was used in 101 and polyglycolic acid (PGA, Dexon) in 105 patients as buried sutures for the closure of the abdominal wall, including the fascial layer. Wound complications developed after Mersilene in 23 and after PGA in 10 cases. PGA did not lead to an increased frequency of early wound infections. Granulomata or fistulae developed after Mersilene in 18 patients, but not in any of the cases in which PGA was used. Wound rupture and incisional hernia did not occur in any of the patients in the two groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032060"}
{"pmid": "1032062", "title": "Preoperative localization of nonpalpable breast tumours.", "content": "Preoperative localization of nonpalpable breast tumours. A simple method for the preoperative localization of nonpalpable breast tumours detected by mammography is described. A small amount of a mixture of contrast media and visible dye is injected into the breast precisely ventral to the lesion and the site of injection is marked on the skin. Forty patients have been operated upon and all the tumours were found without difficulty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032062"}
{"pmid": "1032052", "title": "The development of the ipsilateral retinothalamic projections in the Xenopus toad.", "content": "The development of the ipsilateral retinothalamic projections in the Xenopus toad. The appearance of ipsilateral terminal degeneration in the thalamic visual centers is studied with the aid of the Fink-Heimer II technique in Xenopus larvae and postmetamorphic toadlets following unilateral eye removal. The youngest age at which degeneration can reliably be shown in the lateral geniculate complex (nucleus of Bellonci and corpus geniculatum thalami) was at stage 62, that is, 10-12 days before metamorphic climax. The whole compliment of the ipsilateral retinothalamic projection develops only in postmetamorphic toadlets, and it is much more abundant in Xenopus than in Rana species. The first appearance of the ipsilateral degeneration in the lateral geniculate complex coincides in time with the first ipsilateral visuotectal responses described by others. The possibility that the two phenomena may have  a closer relationship than the mere time coincidence, is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032052"}
{"pmid": "1032057", "title": "Axonal labyrinths in the rat spinal cord: a consequence of degenerative atrophy.", "content": "Axonal labyrinths in the rat spinal cord: a consequence of degenerative atrophy. Transection, crush or local colchicine treatment of a peripheral nerve induces degenerative atrophy of central terminals of primary sensory neurons in the Rolando substance of the rat spinal cord. In addition to osmiophilic alterations that occur in the course of degenerative processes in general, degenerative atrophy is characterized by the appearance of spectacular labyrinthine formations. Electron-microscopic analysis reveals that these consist of flattened axonal profiles. Axonal labyrinths are interpreted as signs of futile regenerative efforts of axon terminals undergoining degenerative atrophy. Labyrinths disappear from the Rolando substance several months after peripheral nerve injury, when degenerative atrophy of the central terminal is replaced by regenerative proliferation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032057"}
{"pmid": "1032053", "title": "Morphology of the post-ovulatory follicle of house sparrow.", "content": "Morphology of the post-ovulatory follicle of house sparrow. The morphology of the post-ovulatory follicle (or corpus luteum) in the sparrow (Passer domesticus) ovary has been investigated with special reference to the origin of luteal cells which finally fill the fillicular activity. The development and degeneration of luteal cell mass has been described in three phases. The luteal cell mass consists of hypertrophied granulosa luteal cells during the first phase and of both granulosa and thecal luteal cells during the second phase. During the second phase owing to their different staining reactions, both types of luteal cells can be differentiated. In the advanced stages of regression, i.e. during the third phase, the whole luteal cell mass consists of thecal luteal cells and connective tissue elements as the granulosa luteal cells had degenerated and disappeared by this stage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032053"}
{"pmid": "1032058", "title": "Oestradiol uptake by intact and sympathectomized genital tract of the female rabbit.", "content": "Oestradiol uptake by intact and sympathectomized genital tract of the female rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032058"}
{"pmid": "1032063", "title": "Popliteal vessel injury.", "content": "Popliteal vessel injury. Popliteal vessel injury still carries a high amputation rate despite the progresses which have been made in vascular surgery. Three patients with such injuries treated with vascular repair are reported and a review of the recent literature is given. Prognostic factors as early diagnosis, delay in treatment, associated injuries as fracture/dislocation and venous injury, soft tissue injuries, adequate vascular repair, and postoperative complications are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032063"}
{"pmid": "1032065", "title": "Abdominal stab wounds.", "content": "Abdominal stab wounds. The records of 57 patients with abdominal stab wounds, treated at the Surgical Departments of the Sahlgrenska Hospital, Göteborg, between 1969-1974, were revised. Fifty-five patients were males and 2 females. The wounds were situated in the upper abdomen in 72% of the patients. Forty-nine patients were treated with an explorative laparotomy and the findings were considered to be negative in 31% of these patients. Liver injuries were found in 45% of the operated patients. No complications occurred in the patients with negative laparotomy findings. One patient with multiple intra-abdominal lesions succumbed from an irreversible septic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032065"}
{"pmid": "1032064", "title": "Temporary arterio-venous shunts to dilate saphenous crossover graft and maintain graft patency.", "content": "Temporary arterio-venous shunts to dilate saphenous crossover graft and maintain graft patency. A modification of the Palma operation is described in a 25-year-old man with impaired venous outflow of the right leg. After a phlebitic occlusion of the right superficial femoral and external iliac veins he had been operated on twice for varicose veins. The result of these operations was a serious outflow stasis of the right leg during exercise. A saphenous cross-over graft to the right popliteal vein was constructed. Preoperatively a temporary arterio-venous shunt between the left posterior tibial artery and the great saphenous vein had been made in order to increase the diameter of the saphenous vein. Three months later the dilated saphenous vein was resected at the level of the sapheno-tibial artery shunt and anastomosed to the popliteal vein of the right leg. The cross-over graft occluded several times during this operation. A temporary popliteo-popliteal arterio-venous shunt was established distally to the sapheno-popliteal anastomosis to keep the vein graft patent. This second arterio-venous shunt was resected after three months. Venography one month later showed that the vein graft was patent. The patient's complaints had disappeared one month after the operation and a normalization of his venous outflow was recorded plethysmographically. The graft has remained patent during an observation time of eighteen months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032064"}
{"pmid": "1032066", "title": "Non-occlusive enteric gangrene associated with severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding.", "content": "Non-occlusive enteric gangrene associated with severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Six cases of non-occlusive enteric gangrene in association with severe upper gastro-intestinal haemorrhage are described, the incidence of which corresponds to approximately one per cent of the patients with serious gastric bleedings. A brief discussion of the pathophysiology of ischaemic gut lesions is given. In order to reduce the incidence of this disease rapid and adequate treatment of all massive gastro-intestinal bleedings is emphasized. Patients with unexplained abdominal pain in association with haemorrhagic shock should especially be regarded as being at risk of developing the enteric gangrene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032066"}
{"pmid": "1032067", "title": "Gastric acid secretion in patients with prepyloric ulcer and with combined gastric and duodenal ulcer.", "content": "Gastric acid secretion in patients with prepyloric ulcer and with combined gastric and duodenal ulcer. The gastric acid secretion during stimulation with histamine given via a continuous intravenous infusion (i.e. during steady state conditions) was studied in 13 patients with prepyloric ulcers and in 21 patients with combined gastric and duodenal ulcers. The rate of volume secretion, the acidity and the acid output were analysed separately. The results were compared with earlier studies of patients with gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Starting from the secretory pattern these four groups of ulcer were characterized. Gastric ulcers thus show hypoacidity. The pyloric ulcers do not differ from a normal material. The combined gastric and duodenal ulcers and the duodenal ulcers show hypersecretion, most pronounced in duodenal ulcers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032067"}
{"pmid": "1032068", "title": "Pyogenic liver abscess as a cause of acute upper abdominal pain. A report of two cases.", "content": "Pyogenic liver abscess as a cause of acute upper abdominal pain. A report of two cases. The clinical course of 2 patients with acute abdominal pain, which was eventually found to be due to pyogenic hepatic abscesses is described. One patient, operated on late in the course, died; the other, who was operated on early, recovered. The importance of considering this life-threatening disease in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032068"}
{"pmid": "1032069", "title": "Neurolept anesthesia: balanced or unbalanced?", "content": "Neurolept anesthesia: balanced or unbalanced?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032069"}
{"pmid": "1032070", "title": "A double blind comparison of buprenorphine and morphine in conscious subjects following administration by the intramuscular route.", "content": "A double blind comparison of buprenorphine and morphine in conscious subjects following administration by the intramuscular route. Buprenorphine was studied to determine the respiratory depressant effect in a double blind comparison with morphine. Buprenorphine produced a more prolonged displacement of the carbon dioxide response curve than morphine. Because of the marked difference in the time effect curves the relative potency was determined at the time of peak effect--3 hours post-administration for buprenorphine (0.15 and 0.3 mg) and 1 hour post administration for morphine (5 and 10 mg). The data from the subjects who received higher doses of buprenorphine (0.6 and 1.2 mg) showed that there was a linear relationship over the dose range 0.15-1.2 mg in terms of respiratory depression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032070"}
{"pmid": "1032071", "title": "Muscle relaxants: the classical receptor theory.", "content": "Muscle relaxants: the classical receptor theory. According to the classical receptor occupancy theory non-depolarizing and depolarizing muscle relaxants differ in one respect: both types of drugs possess affinity for the cholinergic receptor at the neuro-muscular function, but only the depolarizing relaxants show efficacy. The two properties, affinity and efficacy are independent from each other.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032071"}
{"pmid": "1032072", "title": "Affinity concept and the action of the muscle relaxants.", "content": "Affinity concept and the action of the muscle relaxants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032072"}
{"pmid": "1032074", "title": "Internal surface and fine structure of the rat seminal vesicle.", "content": "Internal surface and fine structure of the rat seminal vesicle. The seminal vesicle of the rat was studied with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The internal surface of the organ is partitioned into small areas by a system of elevated ridges of connective tissue and covered by a columnar epithelium. This consists of small basal cells, presumably reserve elements, and larger ones containing the typical cell organelles involved in protein synthesis. The surface of the cell is covered with slender microvilli, varying in height and number from region to region. It is suggested that they are involved in the maintenance of hydration and/or regulation of low molecular weight substances in the secretion product. The latter develops from small granules which pass the apical cell border and then fuse together as larger drops.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032074"}
{"pmid": "1032073", "title": "Endocrine control of postcranial body proportions. An experimental study of allometry.", "content": "Endocrine control of postcranial body proportions. An experimental study of allometry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032073"}
{"pmid": "1032076", "title": "Biology of the rice rat (Oryzomys palustris natator) in a laborabory environment. X. Postweaning growth of the skull.", "content": "Biology of the rice rat (Oryzomys palustris natator) in a laborabory environment. X. Postweaning growth of the skull. A survey of skull development of the rice rat (Oryzomys palustris natator) covering a period of 21 days to 16 months involving equal numbers of males and females (108) was undertaken using various skull parameters. Sexual dimorphism in relation to body weight and length emerged before that of the skull which was only clearly marked by 2 months. A number of the skull parameters by virtue of their individual growth potential did not show sexual differences in size for a long time, whereas others were clearly marked. Once the differences between the sexes had been established they were maintained. One parameter - lenght of cranium - represents those parameters which show changes and it was found that the male rat continued to show a steady linear increase in length up to 16 months, whereas the female cranial length shows a deceleration with termination around 12 months. The skull differences are mirrored in the weight and length findings and it suggested that the earlier sexual maturity of the females is compensated by an earlier cessation of growth compared to the males which mature later and have a correspondingly later cessation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032076"}
{"pmid": "1032075", "title": "Arterial vascularization of the sinuatrial node in the embryonic rat heart.", "content": "Arterial vascularization of the sinuatrial node in the embryonic rat heart. We studied the embryological development of the extracoronary cardiac vessels, determining their origins, courses and terminations in embryonic rat hearts. The sinuatrial node is supplied by an extracoronary artery, which can originate from (a) the right internal mammary artery, as a nodal artery, based on its origin; (b) the internal mammary artery, or (c) the right subclavian artery as a collateral artery of the cardiac branch of the cardiomediastinal trunk. The intimate relations of the nodal artery with the sinus node make it possible to study, at the same time, the development of the sinuatrial node in the rat embryo. The sinuatrial node always develops before the nodal artery, which does not appear until 16 or 16.5 days of development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032075"}
{"pmid": "1032077", "title": "Ultrastructural study on topographical variations of the ependyma in Bradypus tridactylus.", "content": "Ultrastructural study on topographical variations of the ependyma in Bradypus tridactylus. An electron-microscopic study of ependymal cells in 24 different areas of the encephalic ventricular system of Bradypus tridactylus was made, with a view to making a comparative analysis, of a topographical kind, of various cell components: cilia, microvilli, plasma membrane, cytoplasmic protrusions, types of cellular junctions, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, microfilaments, microtubules, mitochondria, granules and dense bodies. There were differences in the distribution of all these cytologic elements, according to the topography, being a complement to a similar work done by the same authors with light-microscopy. By means of a morphofunctional analysis they draw the conclusion that even if one can admit the passage of substances by an intracellular route, on the other hand few facts support the idea the intracellular absorption or secretion could be considered as important phenomena in a great number of the ependymal areas studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032077"}
{"pmid": "1032079", "title": "Possible phylogenetical significance of the corpus callosum with special reference to the dolphin brain (Stenella graffmani).", "content": "Possible phylogenetical significance of the corpus callosum with special reference to the dolphin brain (Stenella graffmani). The surface area of the corpus callosum was measured in several animals as compared to the brain weight. A general consideration of the importance of this structure on the phylogenetic scale, with special reference to the corpus callosum of the dolphin, Stenella graffmani, is given. Some theoretical considerations about the significance of this structure upon some specialized features are mentioned.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032079"}
{"pmid": "1032080", "title": "Hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the spotted owlet, Athene brama Temminck.", "content": "Hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the spotted owlet, Athene brama Temminck.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032080"}
{"pmid": "1032083", "title": "Alkaline phosphatase in the thymus.", "content": "Alkaline phosphatase in the thymus. (1) Fetal thymuses, organs from patients who died from diseases that are not clinically known to be associated with concomitant lymphoid tissue involvement, as well as thymuses from patients dying from diseases which effect the lymphatic complex of the body, one way or another, have been investigated for their alkaline phosphatase activity, using Gomori technique and applying four different phosphate esters as substrates. (2) Three substrates (beta-glycerophophate, riboflavin 5-phosphate and adenosine triphosphate) showed essentially the same pattern of activity in which the cortex and Hassall's corpuscles were reactive, while the medulla was negative. A reversal of this pattern was demonstrated with 5-monophosphoric acid. (3) Before the age of 32-36 weeks of intra-uterine life there is no alkaline phosphatase activity in the thymus; therafter, the enzyme begins to make its first appearance. (4) There is a definite increase in the intensity of the reaction with advance of intra-uterine life. This increase in phosphatase content is continued postnatally, to reach its maximum at about the age of 10 years: after that, the enzyme activity gradually subsides. (5) There is a tremendous augmentation of phosphatase activity in the case of disease which are known to affect the lymphoid complex. (6) The phosphatase activity of the thymus has been discussed in relation to the prevailing concepts about the function of the thymus, with special emphasis on a possible association with 'lymphocyte-stimulating factor' production and/or secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032083"}
{"pmid": "1032082", "title": "Anteversion versus torsion of the femoral neck.", "content": "Anteversion versus torsion of the femoral neck. The usual term 'torsion angle of the femur' denotes the 'anteversion' of the neck of the femur as a whole, caused by the twist in the shaft of the femur rather than the twist in the neck. This has been differentiated from the twist in the neck of the femur around its own axis, termed 'torsion neck' and the values of both have been measured. To differentiate these two different phenomena, the term 'anteversion' is used to denote the usual angel described, while 'torsion neck' is sued to denote the twist in the neck around its own axis measured in this work. 1,000 femora from 21 cites in different parts of the country have been measured and the average anteversion angle calculated. The Indian average works out to be 12 degrees with a significantly (double) high value for females. The incidence of negative angle is 7% in the normal femora. All fractured femora invariably show a negative angle. The above information should be of great significance on orthopaedic surgery of the neck of the femur in these bones. The 'torsion neck' has been measured by tracing and its average reported as 30 degrees.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032082"}
{"pmid": "1032081", "title": "Further observations on the ear in fossorial mammals with special considerations of Chlamyphorus truncatus (Harlan).", "content": "Further observations on the ear in fossorial mammals with special considerations of Chlamyphorus truncatus (Harlan). The morphology of the external and the middle ear (auditory ossicles) in Chlamyphorus truncatus is influenced by its fossorial life. The external auditory canal consists of three parts. The most distal part is a short (cartilaginous) auricle which reaches anteriorly close behing the eye. Posteriorly to the auricle is a long, thin bony duct which consists of two segments, movable against each other. This tube leads through a narrow porus into the third part of the canal, the recessus meatus, which is enclosed in the bulla. The recessus with the narrow porus is characteristic for many fossorials and has a morphology with physical chracteristics of a resonator (HELMOHOLTZ). The malleus and the stapes in Ch. truncatus are also influenced by fossorial life. Based on the dorsal view of the malleus head, the Xenarthra can be divided into two groups. To the first division belong the Dasypodidae with Chlamyphorinae and Dasypodinae, to the second the Myrmecophagidae and Bradypodidae. The malleus of Cyclopes, a myrmecophagid, differs from that in the other Mymecophaginae and is similar to the malleus in the Dasypodinae. Two kinds of experiments should be undertaken: (a) physiologic-acoustic experiments in a fossorial to determine the effect of the recesses and (b) acoustic experiments varying the dimensions and positions of a tube and a porus leading into a resonator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032081"}
{"pmid": "1032084", "title": "Some ultrastructural observations on human palmar stratum corneum.", "content": "Some ultrastructural observations on human palmar stratum corneum. Ultrastructure of human palmar stratum corneum was examined for cell junctions and cytoplasmic material. Interdigitated microvilli are shorter and less uniform in man. Most of these processes are either conical or truncated in shape, as distinct from the relatively smooth cell surfaces except for sigma-shaped junctions in hairy sites. It is suggested that this provides strength against shearing force in the palm and sole. There is less cytoplasmic breakdown in palmar horny cells than in hairy cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032084"}
{"pmid": "1032085", "title": "Effect of cortisol and insulin on alpha1-acid glycoprotein biosynthesis on cellular level.", "content": "Effect of cortisol and insulin on alpha1-acid glycoprotein biosynthesis on cellular level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032085"}
{"pmid": "1032086", "title": "The role of cortisol and insulin in control of alpha1-acid glycoprotein biosynthesis.", "content": "The role of cortisol and insulin in control of alpha1-acid glycoprotein biosynthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032086"}
{"pmid": "1032088", "title": "Radiation--induced damages of the heart and major arteries.", "content": "Radiation--induced damages of the heart and major arteries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032088"}
{"pmid": "1032087", "title": "Serum isoenzymes of the lactic acid dehydrogenase, carboxylesterase, peroxidase and catalase in the thyroid disease with respect to thyroid cancer.", "content": "Serum isoenzymes of the lactic acid dehydrogenase, carboxylesterase, peroxidase and catalase in the thyroid disease with respect to thyroid cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032087"}
{"pmid": "1032089", "title": "Hydatid cyst originating from ampulla of Vater.", "content": "Hydatid cyst originating from ampulla of Vater.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032089"}
{"pmid": "1032090", "title": "Growth of the chick embryo pineal body (epiphysis cerebri) between the fourth and twelfth day of incubation.", "content": "Growth of the chick embryo pineal body (epiphysis cerebri) between the fourth and twelfth day of incubation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032090"}
{"pmid": "1032091", "title": "Some applications of the theory of ordinary differential equations to population growth problems.", "content": "Some applications of the theory of ordinary differential equations to population growth problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032091"}
{"pmid": "1032094", "title": "The chemistry of the inhibition of blood xanthine oxidase by -SH reagents.", "content": "The chemistry of the inhibition of blood xanthine oxidase by -SH reagents. In this study it was shown that the rat blood serum xanthine oxidase (X.O.) is differently inhibited by -SH reagents and seems that the blood serum enzyme has two types of -SH groups, one reacting relatively rapidly and unrelated to the enzyme activity and the other reacting slowly to produce inactivation. The results presented suggest that there are only few fundamental relationship between the different -SH reagents used and the inhibition of the enzyme activity in the blood serum. With mercurials it was shown that the most reactive -SH groups of the rat blood serum are not related to the X.O. activity, but when sufficient number are reacted the enzyme is structurally altered so that inhibition appears. With oxidants such as iodine the inhibition of the X.O. activity of rat blood serum seems to be not related specifically with the oxidation of -SH groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032094"}
{"pmid": "1032093", "title": "Isolation and some properties of a trypsin inhibitor from seeds of Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Toledo.", "content": "Isolation and some properties of a trypsin inhibitor from seeds of Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Toledo. A trypsin inhibitor was isolated as a homogenous protein from the seeds of guapuruvu-tree (Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Toledo). In addition to its strong inhibitory activity against trypsin the purified inhibitor presented a lesser activity against alpha-chymotrypsin. The purification of the protein inhibitor was achieved from the crude extract of deffated seeds through ammonium sulphate salting-out, successive chromatographies on Sephadex G-75 and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 columns followed by preparative polyacrylamide-slab electrophoresis. The following properties were presented by the purified inhibitor: molecular weight of 12,000 daltons, as estimated by gel filtration; isoelectric point at pH 5.0 - 5.2, by electrofocusing; combining molar ratio of 1:1 (mole trypsin/mole inhibitor), on the basis of inhibition assay and the molecular weight of 29,800 daltons found for the trypsin-inhibitor complex; A1%1-cm = 4.35, at 275 nm and pH 7.0. The inhibitor presents a high content of cystine (14 cystinyl residues per molecule) and is entirely devoid of methionine, tryptophan and free sulhydryl groups. The fluorescence spectra are typical for tyrosine with a strong quenching of emission indicated by the quantum yield. The circular dichroism spectra suggest a predominantly unordered structure for the inhibitor molecule.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032093"}
{"pmid": "1032097", "title": "Evaluation of branched ear derivatives of Triticum aestivum L.", "content": "Evaluation of branched ear derivatives of Triticum aestivum L. The branched spikes of Triticum turgidum L. have a potential of producing a high number of kernels. Some of the selected lines of T. turgidum yielded up to 150 kernels per spike as compared to 60--70 kernels per spike in the common wheat cultivar Chenab-70. The best of these lines were crossed with the common wheats Chenab-70, Mexipak, and C-271. Among the lines obtained by selection from the advanced generations of the T. turgidum X Chenab-70 cross, some are similar to Chenab-70 with respect to tillering, plant shape, plant height, and leaf position, but their spikes are branched like those of the T. turgidum parent. These lines appear to be fairly homozygous. Chenab-70 produces, on the average, 60 kernels per spike, 34.8 g of grain per plant and has a 1000-kernel weight of 35 g. The number of kernels per spike, the yield of grain per plant and the 1000-kernel weight of the selected hybrid lines ranged from 25 to 133, from 8.5 to 59.6 g, and from 30.0 to 46.0 g, respectively, which shows that the chances of obtaining high-yielding new common wheat cultivars having spikes branched as those of the T. turgidum parent fairly good.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032097"}
{"pmid": "1032096", "title": "Norin-10-based semidwarfism.", "content": "Norin-10-based semidwarfism. Many short-strawed wheats, including the Norin-10-based semidwarfs now grown in many countries, are characterized by their relative \"insensitivity\" to gibberellic acid. The nature of this insensitivity, its genetic control, and the relationships between the Gai genes and the Rht genes, which control height reductiion in Norin-10 and Tom Thumb wheats, are described. The role and potential of these genes in agriculture and their relationship to other genes affecting yield, height, and other agronomic features are considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032096"}
{"pmid": "1032095", "title": "The world food crisis: population, food, and environmental issues as they affect Pakistan.", "content": "The world food crisis: population, food, and environmental issues as they affect Pakistan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032095"}
{"pmid": "1032098", "title": "Principal diseases of major crops in Pakistan with reference to genetic resistance.", "content": "Principal diseases of major crops in Pakistan with reference to genetic resistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032098"}
{"pmid": "1032099", "title": "The measurement of disease severity in cereal smut.", "content": "The measurement of disease severity in cereal smut.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032099"}
{"pmid": "1032100", "title": "Stabilizing selection for pathogenicity in cereal rust fungi.", "content": "Stabilizing selection for pathogenicity in cereal rust fungi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032100"}
{"pmid": "1032101", "title": "Coadaptation in plant populations.", "content": "Coadaptation in plant populations. One of the most important questions of plant breeding is whether alleles at different loci act independently or whether the population genotype is structured so that favored combinations of alleles occur more frequently than expected under randomness. Studies employing allozyme loci as markers have demonstrated that the distribution of alleles in both natural and experimental populations of inbreeding plants is closely correlated with environment on both micro- and macrogeographic scales. Multilocus analyses have also revealed the occurrence within local populations of striking gametic phase disequilibrium (linkage disequilibrium). These observations demonstrate that selection acts to organize the population into sets of highly interacting coadapted gene complexes that promote high fitness to the local environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032101"}
{"pmid": "1032107", "title": "Effect of high-temperature stress on the growth and seed characteristics of barley and cotton.", "content": "Effect of high-temperature stress on the growth and seed characteristics of barley and cotton. The existence of a sensitivity gradient to a uniform high-temperature stress applied at stages during seed maturation can be demonstrated in barley. The germination of freshly harvested seed is depressed following heat stress at 7--10 days after awn emergence, but is enhanced by the same stress applied 3 weeks after awn emergence. The depression is attributed to reduced viability associated with thermal injury. The stimulation following stress at more mature stages of seed development is related to a thinner seed coat, increased permeability as evidenced by faster imbibition rate, and decreased content of water-soluble inhibitors in the seed. These effects of environmental stress during seed maturation aid in explaining differences noted in the germinability at harvest of seed produced in successive years or produced in the same year at different locations. Seed of American Cotton, var. AC 134, was stressed at 50 degrees, 60 degrees, 70 degrees, 80 degrees, and 90 degrees C for 24 or 48 h before seeding. Stresses at 50 degrees to 70 degrees C increased seedling emergence and subsequent performance of the cotton plants, but higher temperatures caused thermal injury or killed the seed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032107"}
{"pmid": "1032103", "title": "Heritability estimates from four generations of a diallel cross of common wheat.", "content": "Heritability estimates from four generations of a diallel cross of common wheat. The heritabilities of 10 quantitative characters were studied on F1, F2, backcross, and selfed backcross generations of a five-parent diallel cross of common wheat grown at two locations. From this study it was found that (a) most of the characters in question were highly heritable, (b) the heritabilities estimated by regression and variance component methods were more or less the same (r=0.84** to 0.95**), and (c) the heritability of some characters was affected by location or by generation; in one case only (1000-kernel weight) was the heritability of the character affected by both.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032103"}
{"pmid": "1032117", "title": "A simple method for continuous pressure recording.", "content": "A simple method for continuous pressure recording. A relatively simple, nonoperative, percutaneous procedure for recording continuous cerebrospinal fluid pressure was carried out on 12 patients at UCLA Hospital. The experience with pressure recording in these patients has demonstrated no mortality or permanent sequelae and the technical character of the records has been excellent. This technique could make continuous pressure recording more easily available to the average practioner. Other uses for this procedure are also suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032117"}
{"pmid": "1032102", "title": "Estimation of genotypic and environmental variation in plants.", "content": "Estimation of genotypic and environmental variation in plants. The frequency of genotypes with the desired degree of expression of economically important quantitative characters within a hybrid or mutant population is usually very low. Therefore, the early identification and selection of such genotypes involves the analysis of very large populations. Because the breeding values of individuals in a population are masked by environmental, competitional, and ontogenic noises, special quantitative--genetic methods of analysis have to be used in order to eliminate their disturbing effects. The present chapter deals with a new approach to such an analysis by using either a simple background character or a background index obtained as a linear function of two, or more than two, background characters. It is believed that the use of this approach would greatly increase the efficiency of selection and shorten the time needed to produce improved new crop cultivars. As the analyses require the handling of large amounts of measurement data, plant breeders must use computer facilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032102"}
{"pmid": "1032116", "title": "Pituitary apoplexy, therapeutic assessment.", "content": "Pituitary apoplexy, therapeutic assessment. The management of pituitary apoplexy with reference to both diagnosis and operative sequelae remains a major challenge. Acute onset of retro-orbital headache in association with visual loss and ophthalmoplegia are the cardinal symptoms; however, obtundation and signs of subarachnoid hemorrhage also may be present. Good quality plain skull radiographs and complete angiography prove sufficient for preoperative radiographic studies. Preoperative endocrine preparation focuses on supplemental glucocorticoids since these patients must be presumed deficient in cortisol reserve. Residual visual deficit appears to be more a function of the extent of damage at the time of ictus rather than rapidity of decompression. Our experience indicates that transsphenoidal decompression in appropriate cases offers an ideal opportunity to minimize mortality and morbidity. The acute onset of severe retro-orbital headache in association with stupor and ocular palsies would alert most physicians to the potential diagnosis of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. The association of complex ophthalmoplegias and visual defects in this constellation of symptoms should, in addition, alert one to the possibility of an acute intrasellar or parassellar expansile process. During the past two years, we have had the opportunity to care for 8 such patients with confirmed diagnoses of acute hemorrhagic infarction of the pituitary enabling us to formulate diagnostic and therapeutic schemata with reference to management of this problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032116"}
{"pmid": "1032105", "title": "Quantitative genetically nonequivalent reciprocal crosses in cultivated plants.", "content": "Quantitative genetically nonequivalent reciprocal crosses in cultivated plants. Quantitative expressions of character difference between reciprocal crosses have been studied by different researchers in a number of plant species, such as Epilobium, Zea mays, Oryza sativa, Hordeum sativum, Triticum aestivum, Trifolium hybridum, Linum usitatissimum, Nicotiana rustica, and others. In all cases it was found that the nonequivalence of reciprocal crosses manifested itself beginning with the F1 generation, with the exception of some flax crosses in which reciprocals differed beginning with the F2 generation. The nonequivalence of reciprocal crosses usually manifested itself in the inequality of their F1 and/or F2 or backcross means; however, there were instances in which their means were the same but the variances were different. Both matroclinous and patroclinous inheritances were reported in plants. Because of the casual complexity of reciprocal differences the experimental results often lack a simple explanation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032105"}
{"pmid": "1032118", "title": "Selective radiofrequency heating of ferrosilicone occluded tissue: a preliminary report.", "content": "Selective radiofrequency heating of ferrosilicone occluded tissue: a preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032118"}
{"pmid": "1032106", "title": "Plant responses to high temperatures.", "content": "Plant responses to high temperatures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032106"}
{"pmid": "1032120", "title": "Sensitivity to some rubber additives.", "content": "Sensitivity to some rubber additives. The frequency of positive patch tests to 13 rubber accelerators in Poland was recorded. Of particular interest was the relatively large group of patients positive to several, mostly chemically unrelated, accelerators. The mechanism of this multiple sensitivity is discussed. Positive tests to N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine were observed in more than half of the patients reacting to several aromatic amines. Anamnesis indicated that in the case of cross-reactions to many aromatic amines, none of the patients positive to N-isopropyl-N-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine had complained of a reaction to rubber products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032120"}
{"pmid": "1032104", "title": "Diallel analysis of four agronomic traits in common wheat.", "content": "Diallel analysis of four agronomic traits in common wheat. The common wheat cultivars Aköz, Florence, Mentana, Jaral, and Siete Cerros were crossed in 1972 in all possible combinations excluding reciprocals. In 1972--1973 the F1 hybrids and the five parents were field grown at Bornova in randomized complete blocks. The characters studied were plant height, spike length, 1000-kernel weight, and plant yield. The analysis of data showed that (a) with respect to plant height and 1000-kernel weight all F1 combinations deviated from the corresponding midparental values, (b) for the same characters the GCA variances were significant and the GCA divided by SCA ratios high, (c) the characters' plant height, spike length, and 1000-kernel weight were probably controlled by two effective factors each, and (d) plant height had the highest and 1000-kernel weight the lowest heritability (h2=0.66 and h2=0.26, respectively). It was concluded that a desired response to selection could be expected for plant height and 1000-kernel weight.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032104"}
{"pmid": "1032121", "title": "The safety of topical erythromycin.", "content": "The safety of topical erythromycin. The prevention of allergic complications depends on the use of topical medications which have proved to be rare sensitizers. This is particularly true for stasis ulcers and eczemas which are notoriously readily sensitized. Topical erythromycin has proved to be such a non-sensitizing topical antibiotic. In a series of 60 patients with stasis ulcers, erythromycin in the form of Ilotycin ointment (erythromycin in petrolatum) was applied. Not a single instance of allergic sensitization occurred. No instances of sensitization with positive patch tests to topical erythromycin have been reported. Maximization tests with topical erythromycin did not produce sensitization. Topical erythromycin, an effective antibiotic, should be substituted for neomycin which is a common sensitizer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032121"}
{"pmid": "1032108", "title": "Plant genotype effects on nitrogen fixation in grasses.", "content": "Plant genotype effects on nitrogen fixation in grasses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032108"}
{"pmid": "1032122", "title": "Allergic contact dermatitis and conjunctivitis to corticosteroids.", "content": "Allergic contact dermatitis and conjunctivitis to corticosteroids. This is a report of two patients suspected of having allergic dermato-conjunctivitis due to corticosteroids. Both were tested with the constituents of the ointments they were using, that is, corticosteroids, antibacterial agents, preservatives, and other active ingredients of the ointment bases. Both patients showed positive allergic patch test reactions to the respective corticosteroid betamethasone valerate, and one to hydrocortisone, neomycin, and a rubber additive. The importance of routine patch testing in ophthalmic practice to detect sensitizers in cases of allergy is mentioned. Hydrocortisone (25%) in petrolatum is recommended for patch testing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032122"}
{"pmid": "1032119", "title": "What is a pain center?", "content": "What is a pain center? The authors present the concept that a multi-disciplinary interdepartmental pain center should include: 1) an initial out-patient pain clinic, 2) an inpatient pain service for diagnosis of pain problems and treatment of patients with intractable pain, including pain from cancer, 3) a psychotherapeutically-oriented chronic benign Pain Unit, 4) facilities for clinical and basic pain research, and 5) affiliations for an adequate teaching program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032119"}
{"pmid": "1032123", "title": "Sensitizing and irritating properties of star anise oil.", "content": "Sensitizing and irritating properties of star anise oil. Star anise oil in 2 and 1% concentrations produced active sensitization in 5% of test subjects, and positive patch tests in 36 and 34%, respectively, of consecutive patients with dermatitis. A comparison of the results of tests with balsams and other essential oils showed that star anise oil does not give cross-reactions and pseudo cross-sensitivity. Patients positive to this oil are frequently positive to anethole and to other constituents of this oil: alpha-pinene, limonene and safrole. In tests with star anise oil it is noteworthy that a 1% concentration is strongly irritant, and 0.5% reveals sensitivity in only one fifth of the actively sensitized subjects. It is possible that the cause of false negative patch tests might be similar in the case of some other allergens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032123"}
{"pmid": "1032109", "title": "Storage proteins in cereals.", "content": "Storage proteins in cereals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032109"}
{"pmid": "1032110", "title": "Wheat protein.", "content": "Wheat protein. Results from AID-supported Nebraska research to improve the nutritional quality of wheat indicate that substantial genetic variation for grain protein content exists in wheat. Experimental lines with 5% higher protein in their grain than ordinary varieties have been selected from a high-protein X high-protein cross. Genetic variablity for lysine in wheat grain is limited. The genetic component of total lysine variability among 12,6000 wheats in the USDA World Collection was only 0.5%. Genetic increases in lysine ranging from 0.4 to 0.7% lysine have been identified in selections from a high-lysine X high-lysine cross. Lysine per unit protein is negatively correlated with protein content. In contrast, lysine per unit weight of grain is positively correlated with protein content suggesting that increasing the protein content of wheat can effectively increase the amount of lysine in the grain. Seed fractionation studies have determined that high protein in whole wheat results mainly from increased protein content of the starchy endosperm. Lysine differences were detected both in the endosperm and nonendosperm fractions. A new productive high-protein hard winter wheat variety derived from Atlas-66, with genetic potential for 2% higher grain protein content was released to growers by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA and the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station in 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032110"}
{"pmid": "1032124", "title": "Patch tests with potassium dichromate removed after 24 and 48 hours.", "content": "Patch tests with potassium dichromate removed after 24 and 48 hours. The rate of release in vitro of four potassium dichromate concentrations (0.5, 0.1, 0.05 and 0.01%) was determined. In the course of 24 h, 90.1-97.5% was released of the total K2Cr2O7 amount in 48 h. Out of 30 patients positive to 0.05% dichromate when the patch test was done routinely, 29 were also positive when the patch was removed after 24 h. The effect of the earlier removal of the patch test was also noted in seven other patients, when results of tests with lower dichromate concentrations were taken into account.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032124"}
{"pmid": "1032111", "title": "The variability of free amino acids and related compounds in legume seeds.", "content": "The variability of free amino acids and related compounds in legume seeds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032111"}
{"pmid": "1032112", "title": "A genetic approach to the increase of methionine content in legume seeds.", "content": "A genetic approach to the increase of methionine content in legume seeds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032112"}
{"pmid": "1032125", "title": "Effects of vehicles and elicitation concentration in contact dermatitis testing. I. Experimental contact sensitization in humans.", "content": "Effects of vehicles and elicitation concentration in contact dermatitis testing. I. Experimental contact sensitization in humans. A study was made to evaluate the effects of vehicle and challenge concentration on response of human subjects to potential allergens. In the vehicle studies the modified Draize test was used to test the response of subjects to cinnamic aldehyde and to costus oil, administered at two skin sites, in petrolatum and in 95% ethyl alcohol. In two tests of costus oil, alcohol proved to be more effective in eliciting a response than petrolatum; on the other hand, in one test with cinnamic aldehyde, no difference in results was obtained with these two vehicles. In the concentration studies, subjects known to be sensitive to the test substance were tested by the Al test with costus oil (three concentrations), chloracetamide (four concentrations), or thimerosal (three concentrations); petrolatum was used as the vehicle in each case. Results of the vehicle test showed no compelling reason for the selection of one vehicle rather than another. Results of the concentration tests indicated that concentration does have an effect on the intensity and frequency of reactions to potential allergens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032125"}
{"pmid": "1032113", "title": "Unconventional methods in plant breeding.", "content": "Unconventional methods in plant breeding. There are three wass whereby unconventional methods of plant genetics can be used for applied plant breeding. 1. The time necessary for breeding by recombination can be shortened, making use of the discovery that plants can be obtained directly from the products of meiosis, the \"Gonen.\" Two new cultivars bred in tobacco by this method already exist. 2. Microbiological methods may be applied to mutation and selection in haploid or dihaploid cell cultures. New cultivars bred by this method have not yet been published, but it should be possible to make use of this technique in plant breeding. 3. Somatic hybridization of plants by fusions of protoplasts or by uptake of nuclei and other organelles (plastids, mitochondria) or pure nucleic acids is another useful method. There exist up to now somatic hybrid plants (a) between mutants of the liverwort Sphaerocarpos donnellii, (b) some varieties of tobacco, and (c) two species of Nicotiana. All these hybrids can also be produced by conventional sexual hybridization. It is impossible to predict how often incompatibility for cross-fertilization can be surmounted by somatic hybridization, as incompatibility between two genomes must be restricted to the fertilization process, but it can work on any stage of the development of the hybrid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032113"}
{"pmid": "1032126", "title": "Effect of vehicles and elicitation concentration in contact dermatitis testing. II. Statistical analysis of data.", "content": "Effect of vehicles and elicitation concentration in contact dermatitis testing. II. Statistical analysis of data. Data obtained in tests of several potential allergens with different vehicles and at different concentrations have been analyzed statistically.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032126"}
{"pmid": "1032127", "title": "Comparison of guinea pig sensitization methods.", "content": "Comparison of guinea pig sensitization methods. Up to now, different methods in guinea pig sensitization were used, to assess contact sensitization potential of low molecular weight chemicals. In order to compare the efficiency of the epicutaneous, intradermal and combined sensitization methods, two stronger sensitizers, the water soluble chlormethylimidazoline hydrochloride (CMI) and the lipid soluble 1,3-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were used for the experiments. Eleven modified sensitization methods were performed. In a first trial each substance was tested on 10 animals. In a further study those techniques which had produced the best results, that is the highest degree of sensitization, were applied to 25 to 30 animals. For comparison of the results of the various methods, a mean sensitization index was calculated. The best results were achieved with the Maximization Test of Magnusson & Kligman (1969) and the Split Adjuvant Technique of Maguire & Chase (1967).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032127"}
{"pmid": "1032115", "title": "Inaugural address: development of new plant types.", "content": "Inaugural address: development of new plant types.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032115"}
{"pmid": "1032129", "title": "Nickel dermatitis--nickel excretion.", "content": "Nickel dermatitis--nickel excretion. Nickel excretion in urine in four females sensitive to nickel with an intermittent dyshidrotic eruption was measured with flameless atomic absorption. Excretion of nickel was found to be increased in association with outbreaks of vesicles. The results support the idea that the chronic condition was maintained by ingestion of nickel in food.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032129"}
{"pmid": "1032130", "title": "Nickel vasculitis.", "content": "Nickel vasculitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032130"}
{"pmid": "1032128", "title": "The investigation of quindoxin photosensitivity.", "content": "The investigation of quindoxin photosensitivity. Quindoxin (quinoxaline di-N-oxide) is a photosensitizer capable of producing photocontact dermatitis. The study of a group of seven affected subjects has provided evidence of persistent light reaction and \"photoallergy\", most probably to the parent substance and not to any photoproduct or contaminant. Clinical and photobiological similarities to the photosensitivity dermatitis and actinic reticuloid syndrome were demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032128"}
{"pmid": "1032114", "title": "Distribution patterns of indigenous wheat varieties in Northern Pakistan.", "content": "Distribution patterns of indigenous wheat varieties in Northern Pakistan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032114"}
{"pmid": "1032131", "title": "Water solubility of zinc chromate primer paints used as antirust agents.", "content": "Water solubility of zinc chromate primer paints used as antirust agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032131"}
{"pmid": "1032132", "title": "Immediate reactions to balsam of Peru, cassia oil and ethyl vanillin.", "content": "Immediate reactions to balsam of Peru, cassia oil and ethyl vanillin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032132"}
{"pmid": "1032133", "title": "Connubial contact dermatitis to benzoyl peroxide.", "content": "Connubial contact dermatitis to benzoyl peroxide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032133"}
{"pmid": "1032134", "title": "Black discoloration of jewellery.", "content": "Black discoloration of jewellery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032134"}
{"pmid": "1032135", "title": "Immediate- and delayed-type allergy to erythromycin.", "content": "Immediate- and delayed-type allergy to erythromycin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032135"}
{"pmid": "1032141", "title": "A clinical study of naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "A clinical study of naproxen in rheumatoid arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032141"}
{"pmid": "1032142", "title": "Biological studies of the rate of alimentary absorption and urinary excretion of tolbutamide and certain newly synthesized chemically related congeners in rabbits.", "content": "Biological studies of the rate of alimentary absorption and urinary excretion of tolbutamide and certain newly synthesized chemically related congeners in rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032142"}
{"pmid": "1032143", "title": "Liver function tests in rheumatoid arthritis. A study of the so-called \"rheumatoid liver\".", "content": "Liver function tests in rheumatoid arthritis. A study of the so-called \"rheumatoid liver\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032143"}
{"pmid": "1032144", "title": "Cholinesterase activity in some human lymphatic organs.", "content": "Cholinesterase activity in some human lymphatic organs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032144"}
{"pmid": "1032145", "title": "Effect of doxycycline administration on nitrogen excretion in bilharzial hepatic fibrosis and chronic renal failure cases.", "content": "Effect of doxycycline administration on nitrogen excretion in bilharzial hepatic fibrosis and chronic renal failure cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032145"}
{"pmid": "1032146", "title": "Sex chromatin pattern in patients with advanced cancer breast.", "content": "Sex chromatin pattern in patients with advanced cancer breast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032146"}
{"pmid": "1032147", "title": "Evaluation of cardiac efficiency (a preliminary note on a new method).", "content": "Evaluation of cardiac efficiency (a preliminary note on a new method).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032147"}
{"pmid": "1032138", "title": "Protein status in bilharziasis in Egyptian children.", "content": "Protein status in bilharziasis in Egyptian children. Fifty-nine bilharzial subjects aged 9-12 years and 18 parallel controls were investigated for total serum proteins, total liver proteins and total urinary proteins. Simple agar gel and immunoelectrophoretic studies were also carried out. The results revealed a highly significant decrease in serum total proteins in mixed infection. A very highly significant increase was demonstrated for serum alpha, globulin. The gamma globulin fraction and the total globulin moiety were very highly significantly raised. The albumin globulin ratio was considerably decreased in mansoniasis. Serum immunoelectrophoresis illustrated a decreased density of haptoglobulin, hemopexin and transferrin arcs, as well as a considerable increase in IgA, IgM and IgG in most of the cases. Urinary protein values were very highly significantly elevated in hematobiasis and mixed infection. A slight increase for alpha1, alpha2 and beta-globulins was found in some cases. Liver proteins were very highly significantly decreased in mansoniasis and mixed infection. The results are discussed and analysed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032138"}
{"pmid": "1032148", "title": "The role of fibroscopy in diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal disease.", "content": "The role of fibroscopy in diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032148"}
{"pmid": "1032149", "title": "Clinical and biochemical study of serum iron and trace elements in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Clinical and biochemical study of serum iron and trace elements in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032149"}
{"pmid": "1032150", "title": "A study of portosystemic collaterals by the intrasplenic injection of radio-iodinated macro-aggregated human serum albumin (MAAI131).", "content": "A study of portosystemic collaterals by the intrasplenic injection of radio-iodinated macro-aggregated human serum albumin (MAAI131).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032150"}
{"pmid": "1032140", "title": "Studies on platelet function in cases of hemophiliac Egyptian children.", "content": "Studies on platelet function in cases of hemophiliac Egyptian children. Eleven cases of hemophilia were studied for detection of any change in the platelet function. The results showed hyperfunction in 5 cases, normal function in 4, and hypofunction in the remaining two. The hyperfunction of the platelets was shown in the case with acute hemorrhage and it might be a compensation mechanism. The normal function was shown in cases during the quiescent phase. The hypofunction of the platelets was associated with the presence of AHg inhibitor and platelet antibody. Normal function returned after Cortisone administration. It may be postulated that the inhibitor of factor VIII and the platelet antibody are one and the same thing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032140"}
{"pmid": "1032139", "title": "Platelet function by afibrinogenemia.", "content": "Platelet function by afibrinogenemia. Platelet function was studied in two cases with congenital afibrinogenemia. In these two cases there was no aggregation by ADP, while, there was increased calcium-induced platelet aggregation and decreased platelet adhesiveness to glass. Platelet aggregation was corrected in vitro, by addition of fibrinogen. It can be concluded from the above findings that the fibrinogen is an important factor for platelet aggregation by ADP and for platelet adhesion to glass surfaces, while platelet aggregation by thrombin does not need fibrinogen. The increased calcium-induced aggregation can be explained by postulating that thrombin finds no substrate to act upon except the platelets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032139"}
{"pmid": "1032152", "title": "Vascularization of the femur and tibia in the human foetus.", "content": "Vascularization of the femur and tibia in the human foetus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032152"}
{"pmid": "1032151", "title": "Comparative pharmacological study of the neuromuscular blocking action of some antibiotics.", "content": "Comparative pharmacological study of the neuromuscular blocking action of some antibiotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032151"}
{"pmid": "1032153", "title": "Nervous mechanisms involved in angiotensin action.", "content": "Nervous mechanisms involved in angiotensin action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032153"}
{"pmid": "1032185", "title": "Investigation about the etiology of keratoacanthoma.", "content": "Investigation about the etiology of keratoacanthoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032185"}
{"pmid": "1032205", "title": "Treatment of psoriasis.", "content": "Treatment of psoriasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032205"}
{"pmid": "1032211", "title": "Discharge pattern and recruitment order of motor units in man.", "content": "Discharge pattern and recruitment order of motor units in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032211"}
{"pmid": "1032223", "title": "The substrate specificity of an aminopeptidase (neutral arylamidase) from pig brain.", "content": "The substrate specificity of an aminopeptidase (neutral arylamidase) from pig brain. Neutral arylamidase of pig brain has been purified 235 fold. At this purification the major band on disc-gel electrophoresis is associated with the enzyme activity, although several minor components are also present. The arylamidase is -SH dependent and puromycin inhibited. It has activity toward lysyl and arginyl beta-naphthylamides as well as toward the beta-naphthylamides of a large variety of neutral amino acids. The enzyme is strongly substrate inhibited, making the relative order of reactivity to aminoacyl beta-naphthylamides dependent upon the substrate concentration chosen for comparison. It also shows activity toward certain di-, tri-, and oligopeptides. When more than one residue is cleaved, the release is sequential, starting from the amino terminus of the peptide. It appears therefore that pig brain neutral arylamidase is an aminooligopeptidase of broad specificity. We suggest that beta-naphthylamides are model substrates representing the N-terminal end of peptides with three or more residues. The properties of pig brain enzyme are similar in many respects to those previously isolated from rat and bovine brain and bovine pituitary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032223"}
{"pmid": "1032225", "title": "Intraaortic balloon pumping assist following open heart surgery for coronary artery disease.", "content": "Intraaortic balloon pumping assist following open heart surgery for coronary artery disease. Intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) assist was employed in 36 patients after surgical operation for coronary artery disease. In 31 patients, the aid of IABP was required because cardiopulmonary bypass could not be terminated without it. In three of these patients, IABP assist was started before the surgical procedure because these patients were in cardiogenic shock due to myocardial infarction. In the remaining five patients, IABP assist was applied for refractory cardiogenic shock in the early postoperative period. The overall survival rate was 58 percent. IABP assist was used in 13 patients with an ejection fraction of 0.1 to 0.2 (normal 0.7). Nine of these patients survived. From our experience, it would appear that this temporary mechanical circulatory support provides a significant advantage in saving patients who might otherwise die after surgical procedures involving the coronary artery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032225"}
{"pmid": "1032226", "title": "Nosocomial vaccinia infection.", "content": "Nosocomial vaccinia infection. Although hospital-associated spread of vaccinia has been reported in the past, there have been no recent reports. This paper describes hospital-associated spread of vaccinia virus infection, supplies data on the environmental survival of vaccinia virus and offers recommendations for the management of patients with vaccinia that may minimize the hazard of infection in other high-risk patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032226"}
{"pmid": "1032227", "title": "Pressure gun injection injuries of the hand.", "content": "Pressure gun injection injuries of the hand. Pressure gun injection injuries are becoming increasingly common. Their effect on the fingers and hands, especially when improperly managed, can be devastating. Therefore it is important to review features, clinical course, anatomic distribution and operative management of such injuries. If a useful hand and fingers are to be attained, rapid and thorough decompression and debridement of these injuries are essential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032227"}
{"pmid": "1032229", "title": "Rhabdomyolysis.", "content": "Rhabdomyolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032229"}
{"pmid": "1032228", "title": "Acute iron poisoning in children.", "content": "Acute iron poisoning in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032228"}
{"pmid": "1032230", "title": "Another approach to health care problems?", "content": "Another approach to health care problems?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032230"}
{"pmid": "1032231", "title": "Crohn's disease - a cause of arthritis, oxalate stones and fistulae in cystic fibrosis.", "content": "Crohn's disease - a cause of arthritis, oxalate stones and fistulae in cystic fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032231"}
{"pmid": "1032232", "title": "Cysticercus cyst of temporal lobe presenting as a tentorial pressure cone.", "content": "Cysticercus cyst of temporal lobe presenting as a tentorial pressure cone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032232"}
{"pmid": "1032234", "title": "Parasitic infections among traveling students.", "content": "Parasitic infections among traveling students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032234"}
{"pmid": "1032233", "title": "Radionuclide studies in coccidioidal meningitis.", "content": "Radionuclide studies in coccidioidal meningitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032233"}
{"pmid": "1032235", "title": "Diethylstilbestrol in the treatment of rape victims.", "content": "Diethylstilbestrol in the treatment of rape victims. Despite growing controversy surrounding its use as a \"morning after pill,\" diethylstilbestrol (DES) is prescribed liberally for rape victims. Guidelines for its use in these patients is lacking. Of 150 consecutive rape victims treated at a university medical center, 63 (42 percent) received prescriptions for DES. Of the 55 (87 percent) on whom follow-up was obtained, in 40 (73 percent) there were substantial side effects-nausea or vomiting, or both. At least six (11 percent) did not complete therapy because of these side effects. The authors offer guidelines for use of DES for rape victims and a plan for patient education and follow-up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032235"}
{"pmid": "1032236", "title": "Toe tourniquet syndrome.", "content": "Toe tourniquet syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032236"}
{"pmid": "1032237", "title": "Chronic hepatitis; prognostic aspects.", "content": "Chronic hepatitis; prognostic aspects. Chronic hepatitis was diagnosed on the basis of biochemical, immunological and morphological criteria in 153 cases. On the evidence of observations for a mean period of four years the prognosis of chronic persistent hepatitis is regarded as favourable, no progression to chronic aggressive hepatitis or to cirrhosis having been observed in any of the cases. On the other hand, chronic aggressive hepatitis was found to progress to cirrhosis in 12 out of 65 cases. Cirrhotic transformation was more frequent in hyperactive processes (8 out of 25 cases). The sera of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma showed low immunoglobulin concentrations, with increased coeruloplasmin and reduced transferrin levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032237"}
{"pmid": "1032238", "title": "Effect on carbohydrate metabolism of hypotensive adrenergic neurone blocking agents.", "content": "Effect on carbohydrate metabolism of hypotensive adrenergic neurone blocking agents. In subjects with normal metabolism sugar tolerance was not appreciable influenced by 4 or 5-day courses of guanethidine and guanazodine. Upon perfusion in isolated rat liver, glycogen metabolism and hepatic sugar release were increased by guanazodine, guanethidine and debrisoquine alike. However, when these drugs were used simultaneously with chlorpropamide debrisoquine proved to be the weakest in counteracting the inhibitory effect of chlorpropamide on glycogen metabolism and sugar release. The observation may have clinical significance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032238"}
{"pmid": "1032239", "title": "Myocardial lesions subsequent to roentgenotherapy.", "content": "Myocardial lesions subsequent to roentgenotherapy. The myocardium was studied for changes caused by therapeutical X-ray irradiation in a necropsy material of 14 cases. The lesions found in the myocardial vessels, in the parenchyma and in the interstitium are described in detail. While the severity of the vascular changes was independent of the radiation dose, the gravity of parenchymal lesions was closely related to the dose employed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032239"}
{"pmid": "1032241", "title": "Renal haemodynamics in mercuric chloride-poisoned dogs.", "content": "Renal haemodynamics in mercuric chloride-poisoned dogs. Intrarenal haemodynamics and glomerular dynamics have been investigated in dogs with mercuric chloride-induced acute renal failure. The early phase (12 and 24 hr after the intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg HgCl2) is characterized by some decrease in renal bloodflow, due to afferent (preglomerular) vasoconstriction, while in the later phase (48 and 72 hr after poisoning a pronounced increase in RBF due to efferent (postglomerular) vasodilatation supervenes. Urinary volumes amounts to normal in the early phase, followed by oligo-anuria in the 48 and 72 hr groups. Extraction ratio of inulin, i.e. the filtration fraction and, consequently, glomerular filtration rate show a progessive decline and trend towards zero in the 72 hr group. The pronounced decrease in glomerular capillary pressure is due to both absolute and relative increase and decrease in afferent and efferent resistances, repectively. The progressive fall in effective filtration pressure is brought about by the decrease of glomerular capillary pressure, combined with increased colloid osmotic pressure due to haemoconcentration. Total and segmental intrarenal vascular resistances are reduced by hyperosmotic mannitol infusions resulting in renal hyperaemia. Glomerular filtration rate is, however, not influenced by mannitol and effective filtration pressure remains unaltered. Osmotic diuresis ensues in the early phase but urinary output is not restored in the late, i.e. oligo-anuric, phase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032241"}
{"pmid": "1032242", "title": "Effect of carotid occulsion on intrarenal haemodynamics.", "content": "Effect of carotid occulsion on intrarenal haemodynamics. Renal cortical medullary autoregulation was investigated by Sapirstein's 42K and 86Rb isotope fractionation methods under pentobarbital anaesthesia in nondiuretic dogs under normal conditions and during carotid occlusion. Cortical circulation appeared to be autoregulated in both conditions while medullary blood flow showed moderate autoregulation in the control as well as during carotid occlusion. In contrast to expectation, medullary blood flow was not increased by the blood pressure elevation following carotid occlusion but was reduced as a consequence of the simultaneously evoked reflectory vasoconstriction. Carotid occlusion resulted in a more pronounced enhancement of vascular resistance in the medulla than in the cortex. It was concluded that non-uniform intrarenal distribution of the autoregulatory as well as the reflectory vasoconstriction left pressure and filtration rate essentially unchanged in the cortical glomeruli but increased both in the iuxtamedullary ones. Carotid-occlusion diuresis, therefore, cannot be explained by increased medullary blood flow but may be result of augmented flow rate of tubular fluid through the loops of Henle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032242"}
{"pmid": "1032243", "title": "Effect of alpha-pinene on the mixed function microsomal oxidase system in the rat.", "content": "Effect of alpha-pinene on the mixed function microsomal oxidase system in the rat. The microsomal fraction of the liver was studied for protein and cytochrome P 450 contents as well as for aminopyrine N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase activity and for its butylisocyanide spectrum under the effect of alpha-pinene treatment. A moderate increase was found in the amount of microsomal protein and cytochrome P 450, a marked increase in the metabolism of both aminopyrine (substrate of type I) and aniline (substrate of type II), together with an increase in the butylisocyanide-absorption maxima of both haemoproteins involved in the reaction. Thus, alpha-pinene is a broad-spectrum enzyme inductor of the phenobarbital type, with certain quantitative differences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032243"}
{"pmid": "1032244", "title": "The structure of gastrointestinal hormones.", "content": "The structure of gastrointestinal hormones. The primary and secondary structure of the three kinds of gastrointestinal hormones, i.e. gastrin, cholecystokinin-pancreozymin and secretin are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032244"}
{"pmid": "1032245", "title": "Gastrointestinal peptide hormone analogues.", "content": "Gastrointestinal peptide hormone analogues. All derivatives of the C-terminal tetrapeptide fragment of gastrins with 17 amino acids elicit every physiological effect of the gastrin. This recognation led to detailed studies on the structure-activity relationships. In the case of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin, a substance consisting of 33 amino acids, the smallest sequence which possesses biological activity is the C-terminal octapeptide fragment. Synthesis of analogous derivatives of this fragment allowed the determination of the structural elements necessary to evoke the biological action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032245"}
{"pmid": "1032246", "title": "Metabolism of the gastrointestinal peptide hormones.", "content": "Metabolism of the gastrointestinal peptide hormones. Results of investigations on the metabolism of gastrin, pentagastrin, cholecystokinin and secretin are discussed on the basis of data in the literature. Own results concerning the metabolism of 14C-pentagastrin are also described, out of which the significance of a biologically inactive metabolite is emphasized. This metabolite can be demonstrated in the circulation, and is excreted in the urine. As judged from the present state of investigations, this metabolite has a crucial importance in the metabolism of pentagastrin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032246"}
{"pmid": "1032247", "title": "Clinical significance and perspectives of gastrointestinal peptide hormones.", "content": "Clinical significance and perspectives of gastrointestinal peptide hormones. Present knowledge about gastrointestinal peptide hormones is discussed from three points of view: (a) diagnostic significance of these hormones; (b) states characterized by over-production or deficiency of peptide hormones; (c) clinical application and perspectives of gastrointestinal hormones. The data in the literature are subjected to a critical analysis; in  addition, the author's own experiments are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032247"}
{"pmid": "1032248", "title": "Correlational analysis of the effects of cold, hypoxia, and hypercapnia on heat production and body temperature in the newborn and the adolescent guinea pig, with complementary data on young adult guinea pigs, new-born rabbits and rats.", "content": "Correlational analysis of the effects of cold, hypoxia, and hypercapnia on heat production and body temperature in the newborn and the adolescent guinea pig, with complementary data on young adult guinea pigs, new-born rabbits and rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032248"}
{"pmid": "1032249", "title": "Oxygen uptake capacity of gills and skin in relation to body weight of the air-breathing siluroid fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.).", "content": "Oxygen uptake capacity of gills and skin in relation to body weight of the air-breathing siluroid fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.). Oxygen consumption through gills and skin in relation to body weight was estimated in the air-breathing catfish, Clarias batrachus, under two experimental conditions, viz., (i) when access to air was allowed and (ii) when air-breathing was prevented. There was a positive correlation between VO2 (ml/hr) and body weight in both experimental conditions. Oxygen consumption (ml/hr) increased by a power of 0.869 when access to air was allowed whereas the power was slightly less (b = 0.841) when air-breathing was prevented. As the values for exponent (b) were less than 1.0, the weight specific VO2 (ml/kg/hr) decreased with increasing body weight. The decrease was more marked (b = - 0.180) in fishes which were not allowed air than in those where access to air was allowed (b = - 0.148). Under normal conditions of water and air-breathing the rate of VO2 (ml/kg/hr) via gills and skin from water ranged from 39.7 +/- 3.21 to 76.7 +/- 9.01 and this increased to 42.17 +/- 6.2 to 105.9 +/- 8.33 when air-breathing was prevented. The increase in the rate of VO2 was perhaps associated with the increase in the volume of water irrigating the gills per unit time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032249"}
{"pmid": "1032250", "title": "Intestinal transport of fructose and glycine in Ophiocephalus punctatus.", "content": "Intestinal transport of fructose and glycine in Ophiocephalus punctatus. The regional variations in the absorption of fructose and glycine have been studied in the intestine and pyloric caeca of the fish, Ophiocephalus punctatus in vivo, by preparing intestinal sacs. Diffusion of amino acids out of the intracellular compartment of the intestine was observed in all the portions of the intestine. The pyloric caeca showed maximum transport of fructose. Absorption of fructose was slightly more in the posterior intestine than in the anterior intestinal sac. Maximum transport of glycine took place in the anterior intestinal sac. Pyloric caeca adsorbed more glycine than did the posterior sac. For both nutrients, the rate of uptake did not differ significantly in the upper and the lower portion of the intestine. In all the portions, the transport of fructose was more rapid than that of glycine. The experiments revealed that though the nutrients are absorbed in the entire length of the intestine, the quantity absorbed varies from one portion to another and is dependent on the nature of the compound absorbed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032250"}
{"pmid": "1032251", "title": "Influence of amino acids on gastric emptying in young pigs.", "content": "Influence of amino acids on gastric emptying in young pigs. The effects of amino acids on gastric emptying and secretion were studied in four young conscious pigs provided with a chronic gastric cannula. A basal test meal of 500 ml containing 10 g citrus pectin, 17.5 g sucrose, 100 mg phenol red alone or with glycine, L- or DL-tryptophan, DL-methionine or L-glutamic acid was poured into the stomach and recovered 20 min later. Glycine at concentrations of 26.7--106.8 mM/l did significantly affect gastric emptying, although at the highest concentration gastric emptying appeared to slow down. L-lysine (41.0 mM/l), DL-methionine (40.3 mM/l or L-tryptophan (29.4 mM/l did not significantly affect the rate of stomach emptying; L-tryptophan increased the amount of Cl- and H+ secreted as compared with the basal diet alone. The effects of addition of the essential amino acids, L-lysine and DL-methionine, were compared with those of the nonessential glycine and L-glutamic acid. There was no significant difference in the rate of gastric emptying or secretion between them. The L and DL isomers of lysine and trypotphan were not found to differ significantly in their effects on gastric emptying and secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032251"}
{"pmid": "1032252", "title": "Cortical synchronization induced by thermal stimulation of the preoptic area in immobilized rats.", "content": "Cortical synchronization induced by thermal stimulation of the preoptic area in immobilized rats. Cortical synchronization characterized by frontal spindles and occipital slow wave activity was induced by bilateral thermal stimulation of 2--4 degrees C of the preoptic area in unanaesthetized immobilized rats. The synchronization was demonstrated by ECoG and its power density spectra. The ECoG of the synchronization was similar to that of slow wave sleep. Switching off the thermal stimulation the original activity was recovered in most of the cases. Frontal spindle activity and slow wave activity recorded over the posterior cortex seemed to be dissociated to some degree. Low frequency stimulation at the points of thermal stimulation resulted in frequency following synchronization. In some cases electrical and thermal stimulation induced gradually developing seizure activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032252"}
{"pmid": "1032253", "title": "Effect of TSH and melatonin on thyroid activity in the rat.", "content": "Effect of TSH and melatonin on thyroid activity in the rat. Melatonin and TSH, injected separately, caused no change of the blood thyroxine level at 30 min after treatment. Simultaneous or subsequent administration of the two hormones induced an increase of the level. Thus, melatonin is capable of potentiating acute, thyroxine mobilizing effect of TSH.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032253"}
{"pmid": "1032254", "title": "The frequency dependence of evoked and postsynaptic potentials in the somatosensory cortex of the cat.", "content": "The frequency dependence of evoked and postsynaptic potentials in the somatosensory cortex of the cat. Intracellular records were made from neurones of the somatosensory cortex of cats, during stimulation of the ventrobasal complex of the thalamus. The aim of the experiments was to detect correlations between frequency dependence of surface evoked potentials and that of unit discharges. The amplitude of the surface evoked potential showed a strong diminution when the frequency of the thalamic stimulation was raised from 1 cps to 15 cps. In spite of this, frequency dependence in amplitude of unit discharges was never seen. As regards their frequency of occurrence the unit responses (full spikes, dendritic, postsynaptic potentials) behaved differently: a part of them showed increasing, another part gave decreasing occurrence, and the remaining portion did not change it. The authors conclude that temporal dispersion fails to give account for the frequency dependence, therefore further possibilities have to be examined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032254"}
{"pmid": "1032255", "title": "Relation of unit spike discharges and evoked potentials in the auditory cortex of cats.", "content": "Relation of unit spike discharges and evoked potentials in the auditory cortex of cats. Extracellular microelectrode recordings were made from the auditory cortex of anaesthetized cats during acoustic click stimulation. The microelectrode of low resistance allowed to record evoked field potentials and unit discharges simultaneously. In distant extracellular leads the relation of unit discharges and field potentials was equivocal. Near extracellular leads revealed that the antidromic invasion of the somadendritic membrane by excitation is a frequency dependent process (just as evoked field potentials) while spike potentials can reliably be elicited from the initial segment at high frequencies. It is assumed that the excitation spreading from the initial segment to the soma-dendritic membrane represents an important component of the evoked potentials, and their frequency dependence may be traced back to inhibitions activated by afferent impulses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032255"}
{"pmid": "1032256", "title": "A device for evaluation of the dominant component of the EEG activity.", "content": "A device for evaluation of the dominant component of the EEG activity. A setup composed of a bioanalyser and additional electronic circuits is described allowing to measure the instantaneous frequency and amplitude of the dominant component of EEG activity. Besides recording the above values on paper by means of the EEG apparatus, functions of probability density of both the amplitude and the frequency of EEG activity are estimated on-line during preadjusted time intervals, and displayed on the screen of the bioanalyser. The mutual relationship between instantaneous EEG amplitude and frequency can be expressed in two-dimensional histograms displayed on a memory scope. The system described is suitable for laboratories having no possibility to use general purpose computer on-line.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032256"}
{"pmid": "1032257", "title": "Assumed identity of granulocyte-pyrogen (GP) and leukocytosis inducing factor (LIF).", "content": "Assumed identity of granulocyte-pyrogen (GP) and leukocytosis inducing factor (LIF). Pyrogen obtained from granulocytes induces granulocytosis in normal, endotoxin-tolerant and spinal animals alike, whereas heat treatment destroys the granulocytosis inducing effect. It is concluded that GP and LIF are identical, or nearly identical, factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032257"}
{"pmid": "1032258", "title": "Cardiovascular reactivity and neurogenic tone in unilateral renovascular hypertension in the rat.", "content": "Cardiovascular reactivity and neurogenic tone in unilateral renovascular hypertension in the rat. The role of some mechanisms in the development of hypertension due to unilateral renal artery stenosis is influenced by the presence or absence of the intact opposite kidney. In this paper: a) the cardiovascular reactivity (CR) to norepinephrine (NE) and b) the effect of a ganglionic blocker (pentolinium, P) during the early (first two weeks) and later periods (ten weeks) of hypertension elicited by unilateral renal ischemia in the presence of the untouched contralateral kidney in the rat have been reported. Neither the threshold doses nor the dose-pressor response curves have shown a greater reactivity of the cardiovascular system to NE in this specific type of renovascular hypertension. An increase in the activity of the nervous system apparently contributes in early and late periods to the fuller development of high arterial pressure (AP).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032258"}
{"pmid": "1032260", "title": "Electronic system for the obtention of phase plane curves for action potentials.", "content": "Electronic system for the obtention of phase plane curves for action potentials. This system is designed for the amplification of the bioelectrical signal, obtention of its derivative in respect to time, automatic brightness control for both beams of the oscilloscope, and stability. The system includes a central measuring section which is a modified Tektronix oscilloscope type 565. Automatic control of brightness as a function of sweeping speed allows photographic recordings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032260"}
{"pmid": "1032263", "title": "Influence of sympathectomy on survival after coronary occlusion.", "content": "Influence of sympathectomy on survival after coronary occlusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032263"}
{"pmid": "1032261", "title": "Automatic microelectrode compensator (AMC).", "content": "Automatic microelectrode compensator (AMC). A solid-state system designed for compensation of asymmetry potentials between microelectrodes, for bioelectric measurements, is described. Advantages over the manual compensator are the following: synchronic compensation of electrodes, application to automatized systems against aging effects in electordes, high speed, and elimination of general muisances of manual circuits. Besides, the system allows to measure digitally the polarization difference and resting membrane potential with precision of +/- 1 mV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032261"}
{"pmid": "1032262", "title": "Automatic silver-plater of electrodes. Reference silver-silver chloride electrodes.", "content": "Automatic silver-plater of electrodes. Reference silver-silver chloride electrodes. The silver-plater developed for the preparation of silver-silver chloride electrodes attains constancy in electrochemical characteristics, circulating current during exactly identical periods with inverted polarity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032262"}
{"pmid": "1032259", "title": "Effects of prostaglandins upon hair growth in mice.", "content": "Effects of prostaglandins upon hair growth in mice. The effect of prostaglandins upon the diffuse hair wave induced by gonadectomy was studied in male C3H mice. The drugs used were Prostaglandin E1 and Prostaglandin F2alpha, tromethamine salt, which were administered twice a day intraperitoneally during 22 days, in daily doses from 1 to 6 micrograms. The animals had their back clipped and were castrated at the beginning of each experiment. At the end of the 22 day experimental period while all the castrated control mice were completely covered by hair, in the castrated prostaglandin treated mice a marked inhibition of the hair growth was noticed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032259"}
{"pmid": "1032265", "title": "Effect of diabetes on growth of mouse lymphoma P1798.", "content": "Effect of diabetes on growth of mouse lymphoma P1798.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032265"}
{"pmid": "1032264", "title": "The effect of adrenaline, tyramine and guanethidine on one-way step-up avoidance.", "content": "The effect of adrenaline, tyramine and guanethidine on one-way step-up avoidance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032264"}
{"pmid": "1032269", "title": "Metabolic responses to catecholamines.", "content": "Metabolic responses to catecholamines. Isoproterenol and propranolol, in a single dose, caused hyperglycemia after 15 and 30 min, either in the conscious rat or in the anesthetized dog. In this latter species no modifications of the serum potassium were observed. Adrenaline, 5 microgram/kg, iv provoked hyperglycemia at the same intervals and hyperkalemia at min 1st and 2nd with further hypokalemia until 90 min. The beta-adrenergic blocker, sotalol, 5 mg/kg, iv, administered prior to adrenaline suppressed the increase in glycemia and the late decrease in serum potassium, but not the early hyperkalemia. In the isolated hind limb of the dog the intra femoral artery administration of adrenaline, 3 microgram/kg, produced similar hyperglycemia either in the artery or in the femoral vein, starting from the 15 min. Contrarily, the serum concentration of potassium was significantly less in the vein than in the artery at the 1st min. These findings suggest that different receptors are involved in the glucose and potassium response to adrenaline, and the skeletal muscle plays an important role in the regulation of the early hyperkalemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032269"}
{"pmid": "1032270", "title": "Caudate-putamen and globus pallidus influences on a visceral reflex.", "content": "Caudate-putamen and globus pallidus influences on a visceral reflex. The electrical stimulation of the rostral striatum in rats has two different influences on bladder motility. Stimulus applied to the dorsomedial caudoputamen nucleus elicited vesical contractions and increased excitability of micturition reflex. Stimulation of the ventromedial caudoputamen suppressed detrusor contractions and increased the micturition threshold. Similar inhibitory effects were found by electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus. The possible mechanisms involved and the relationship with the clinical finding of bladder dysfunction in patients with extrapyramidal disease, are discussed in view of their anatomical and functional relationships to the vesicomotor centers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032270"}
{"pmid": "1032271", "title": "The effect of tranylcypromine on the body temperature of rabbits untreated and pretreated with para-chlorphenylalanine.", "content": "The effect of tranylcypromine on the body temperature of rabbits untreated and pretreated with para-chlorphenylalanine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032271"}
{"pmid": "1032272", "title": "Immunoreactive insulin in ischaemic heart disease.", "content": "Immunoreactive insulin in ischaemic heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032272"}
{"pmid": "1032273", "title": "Effect of hypocalcic media on chemical sensitivity of toad sartorius muscle.", "content": "Effect of hypocalcic media on chemical sensitivity of toad sartorius muscle. Membrane potential and spike activity were recorded through intracellular electrodes from toad sartorius muscles superfused in Krebs solution. When this was replaced by a hypocalcic medium (1/20 of normal Krebs Ca2+ concentration), muscles showed extrajunctional sensitivity to acetylcholine, histamine and noradrenaline applied iontophoretically. Normal sensitivity was restored when muscles were bathed in normal calcium media. Changes in chemical excitability of the fibers immersed in hypocalcic solution were related to decreased input membrane resistance. These observations emphasize the role played by Ca2+ on electrical stability and chemical sensitivity of skeletal muscle membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032273"}
{"pmid": "1032276", "title": "Secondary structure of glycosaminoglycans.", "content": "Secondary structure of glycosaminoglycans. It has been shown by X-ray diffraction and chiroptic spectroscopy that the glycosaminoglycans in connective tissue develop a helical structure; this induces the coordination of polycations and scleroproteins in their environment polycations and promotes or inhibites fibrillary aggregation. Analysis of the ORD and CD spectra of various glycosaminoglycans, as well as those of oversulphated and desulphated preparations allowed the following conclusions concerning the secondary structure. 1. For the helical structure of glycosaminoglycans a chain-length of 120 to 150 A and the presence of at least one sulphate group per two disaccharides are required. The helical structure is not influenced by binding to the protein skeleton, e.g. in proteoglycans. 2. Chiroptical properties of the glycosaminoglycan--either in themselves, or if their methylene blue complexes are studied--are determined by the degree of their sulphatation. 3. The degree of sulphatation determines the secondary structure of the molecule and thus also its biological properties. Fibrillogenesis in vitro and probably also in vivo are determined by the strength of the bond between collagen and glycosaminoglycans, in addition to the effect inducing the coordination. Structural analysis of the polysaccharides supports the coordinated fibrillary structure of GAG, as already assumed on the basis of polarization microscopic methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032276"}
{"pmid": "1032274", "title": "Nodular thickening of peritubular basement membranes in diabetic kidneys.", "content": "Nodular thickening of peritubular basement membranes in diabetic kidneys. A conspicious renal change associated with diabetes is the thickening of the basement membranes. This was generally considered diffuse and little attention was paid to its nodular character. In the present study of the nodules, their topo-optical reation, electron microscopic fine structure as well as their trypsin digestibility after periodic acid-sulphatation revealed their basement membrane character. The increased basophilia obtained by the aldehyde-bisulphite-toluidine blue reaction indicated an increased amount of sugar components, whereas the decreased double refraction and the red polarization colours a decrease of the micellary arrangement. The change is mostly observed in diabetics; the specific localization around the Henle loops may refer eventual hyperosmolar effects, whereas the nodular character points to the role of local factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032274"}
{"pmid": "1032275", "title": "Neonatal hepatitis: histological and differential diagnostic aspects.", "content": "Neonatal hepatitis: histological and differential diagnostic aspects. The morphological pecularities of neonatal hepatitis are discussed on the basis of biopsy in 41 cases. The manifestations are similar to those of virus hepatitis in more advanced age, with certain quantitative and qualitative differences. The obligatory presence of multinucleated hepatic giant cells is denied, but a peculiar cell type with large bizarre nucleus was found pathognomic. The questions of differential diagnosis are discussed and the importance of liver biopsy is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032275"}
{"pmid": "1032277", "title": "Cell surface properties of L1210 leukaemia cells.", "content": "Cell surface properties of L1210 leukaemia cells. The surface properties of vincristine-colchicine sensitive and resistant L1210 leukaemic cells have been studied using concanavalin A mediated agglutination assay as well as electron microscopic visualization of concanavalin A receptors. 3H-colchicine uptake by the sensitive and resistant lines has also been compared. The resistant L1210 leukaemic cells proved less agglutinable than the sensitive ones at the same concanavalin A concentration. Previous treatments with either colchicine, vincristine or chlorpromazine caused a marked decrease in the agglutinability of the sensitive L1210 leukaemic cells, while agglutination of the resistant ones was lowered slightly by the same treatments. The 3H-colchicine uptake of the sensitive cells was three times higher than that of the resistant ones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032277"}
{"pmid": "1032279", "title": "Infantile and juvenile cirrhosis of the liver.", "content": "Infantile and juvenile cirrhosis of the liver. In 14 years necropsy material 12 cases of infantile and 2 of juvenile liver cirrhosis occurred. In early infancy, diffuse cirrhosis is the most characteristic, whereas in more advanced age cirrhosis of irregular type is more frequent. The posthepatitic, secondary biliary, metabolic and cryptogenic cirrhoses are discussed from aetiological aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032279"}
{"pmid": "1032278", "title": "Bioassay of blood-born tumour cells on in vivo and in vitro systems.", "content": "Bioassay of blood-born tumour cells on in vivo and in vitro systems. Viability and biological integrity of tumour cells circulating in the blood were studied in an experimental system using bioassay methods. Results of subcutaneous and intravenous retransplantation as well as explantation of the blood obtained from tumour-bearing animals previously receiving intravenous inoculation of tumour cell suspension (Yoshida sarcoma, Walker 256 carcinosarcoma and DMBA-induced myeloid ascitic leukaemia), revealed that the tumour cells detected in the blood are not only viable at the time of their transportation in the blood-stream but are also in possession of biologic potentials to proliferate and establish metastatic growths in organs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032278"}
{"pmid": "1032280", "title": "The role of heterogeneity of tumour cell populations in biological activity and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics.", "content": "The role of heterogeneity of tumour cell populations in biological activity and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics. The biological activity of a rat ascites leukaemia subline isolated by isopycnic centrifugation was compared to that of the original tumour both in vivo and in vitro. The subline had different marker chromosomes, a longer cell cycle time and decreased sensitivity to vinblastine as compared to the original tumour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032280"}
{"pmid": "1032281", "title": "Examination of curettage material for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.", "content": "Examination of curettage material for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. The histological characteristics of curettage material are described which raise the suspicion of ectopic pregnancy. In the period 1966 to 1975, 464 surgically removed pregnant uterine tubes and in 143 patients curettage material was also examined. On the basis of the curettage material, the suspicion of ectopic pregnancy arose in 109 cases (76%). In 34 curettage materials (24%) no histological sign referring to ectopic pregnancy was detected. Thus in three-fourth of cases examination of the endometrial specimen was of diagnostic value and indicated the necessity of surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032281"}
{"pmid": "1032283", "title": "Basal cell carcinomas of the eyelid and the periorbital region.", "content": "Basal cell carcinomas of the eyelid and the periorbital region.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032283"}
{"pmid": "1032282", "title": "A study of hyperlipidaemia induced by ascites tumours.", "content": "A study of hyperlipidaemia induced by ascites tumours. In mice four stages of hyperlipidaemia induced by Ehrlich ascites tumour could be distinguished. Hyperlipidaemia is characterized mainly by increased serum VLDL content accompanied by high triglyceride concentration. The only exception was the regressive stage III where the serum lipid level (VLDL) has temporarily decreased. From the results obtained with the simultaneous examination of the liver, mesenteric fat tissue, tumour cell and ascites plasma lipids, it may be concluded that the endogeneous fat mobilization induced by tumour cells via increased VLDL synthesis and secretion of liver will lead to hyperlipidaemia and to the total depletion of the lipid stores. Rapid and reversible fall in lipid level following the withdrawal of ascites fluid in tumorous animals demonstrated clearly the direct effect of the tumour cells on lipid-lipoprotein metabolism of the host organism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032282"}
{"pmid": "1032284", "title": "Pathology of human precanceroses. Skin, larynx and breast.", "content": "Pathology of human precanceroses. Skin, larynx and breast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032284"}
{"pmid": "1032285", "title": "Avian aldolases. II. Primary structure of fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase from Gallus gallus domesticus and Columba liver breast muscle.", "content": "Avian aldolases. II. Primary structure of fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase from Gallus gallus domesticus and Columba liver breast muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032285"}
{"pmid": "1032286", "title": "Clinical observations on erythrocyte sedimentation rate mixed with tuberculoproteins.", "content": "Clinical observations on erythrocyte sedimentation rate mixed with tuberculoproteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032286"}
{"pmid": "1032287", "title": "A study on the cases with negative disc exploration.", "content": "A study on the cases with negative disc exploration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032287"}
{"pmid": "1032288", "title": "Gastroscopic and histologic studies on recurrence and intractability of gastric ulcer.", "content": "Gastroscopic and histologic studies on recurrence and intractability of gastric ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032288"}
{"pmid": "1032289", "title": "Snail control and some significant control projects, review.", "content": "Snail control and some significant control projects, review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032289"}
{"pmid": "1032290", "title": "Studies on the possiblilty of production of immunity against schistosomiasis in experimental animals.", "content": "Studies on the possiblilty of production of immunity against schistosomiasis in experimental animals. In the present work antigenization with somatic and metabolic antigens of adult Schistosoma mansoni worms, their cercariae or eggs has been tried. The study of the immunoglobulin patterns in infected and vaccinated non infected mice showed increase in IgG in all animals, increase in IgM only in the infected and IgA was frequently increased in mice that received metabolic or egg antigens. As regards the degree of resistance of vaccinated animals to S. mansoni infection, 2 groups gave prominent results. 1st the group vaccinated with Schistosoma mansonmetabolic worm antigen in which we got: -- Reduction in the worm load. -- Delayed ovulation and reduction in the number of ova/24 hr stools and/g of liver tissue. -- The histopathological picture of the liver was the best. 2nd the group vaccinated with egg antigen: Although it showed delayed ovulation and reduction in the ova count per 4 hr stools and/g liver tissue, yet the histopathological picture was the worst showing the largest granulomata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032290"}
{"pmid": "1032291", "title": "Leucine aminopeptidase, Significance of serum elevation in bilharziasis.", "content": "Leucine aminopeptidase, Significance of serum elevation in bilharziasis. Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) activity and creatinine concentration was estimated in serum of twenty five normal adult subjects, twenty four cases with active urinary bilharziasis, eleven cases with active intestinal bilharziasis, ten cases with mixed bilharzial infection (urinary and intestinal), fourteen bilharzial cases with clinical hepato-splenomegaly of bilharzial etiology, thirteen bilharzial cases with clinical hepatosplenomegaly and ascites, and twelve cases with cancer bladder of bilharzial etiology. Significant elevation in the serum enzyme level was found in all bilharzial cases which generally ran parallel to the course of the disease, being more marked in hepatosplenomegalic cases than in cases which showed no clinical signs of liver or spleen involvement. However, it was observed that the enzyme level was lower ascitic than in nonascitic cases. For serum creatinine concentration, no significant variation from normal value was observed in the group of patients with active urinary, active intestinal, mixed infections of bilharziasis and bilharzial hepatosplenomegalic cases. However, a very highly significant decrease in serum creatinine concentration was observed in the group of patients with bilharzial hepatosplenomegaly and ascites. Serum LAP activity and creatinine concentration in the group of patients with cancer bladder of bilharzial etiology showed no statistical variation from normal values.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032291"}
{"pmid": "1032292", "title": "Urinary leucine aminopeptidase in bilharziasis.", "content": "Urinary leucine aminopeptidase in bilharziasis. Leucine aminopeptidase activity and total protein concentration was estimated in the fresh early morning sample of urine of twenty five normal adult subjects, twenty four cases with active urinary bilharziasis, eleven cases with active intestinal bilharziasis, ten cases with mixed bilharzial infection (urinary and intestinal), fourteen bilharzial cases with clinical hepatosplenomegaly of bilharzial etiology, thirteen bilharzial cases with clinical hepatosplenomegaly and ascites, and twelve cases with cancer bladder of bilharzial etiology. It was found that there is a significant increase in LAP activity in the urine of all groups of patients studied. Again this increase ran parallel to the course of the disease in bilharzial cases. Urine protein concentration was found to be increased significantly in all groups of bilharzial cases studied with the highest value in urine of patients with cancer bladder of bilharzial etiology. However no direct correlation was found between urinary LAP level and protein concentration either within the individual cases or within the different groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032292"}
{"pmid": "1032293", "title": "Chemical control of the sea lamprey: the addition of a chemical to the environment.", "content": "Chemical control of the sea lamprey: the addition of a chemical to the environment. Construction of the Welland Canal enabled shipping to by-pass Niagara Falls and enter the upper Great Lakes and also eliminated the barrier to the entry to the lakes by the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus). Within forty years the commercial fisheries of the Great Lakes was almost eliminated by this parasitic cyclostome. A search for selective chemical control of the sea lamprey was undertaken in the 1950's and culminated with the discovery of TFM (3-Trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol). At the request of the International Great Lakes Fishery Commission, the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife undertook to assess the hazard of TFM to the aquatic ecosystem, to humans as well as to fish and wildlife. Studies were undertaken in Bureau laboratories as well as by contracts with university and private laboratories. Results of these studies to-date indicate that this material is not subject to biomagnification and does not pose a hazard to man or the the environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032293"}
{"pmid": "1032294", "title": "Recent chemical and biological studies on natural products at the Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow.", "content": "Recent chemical and biological studies on natural products at the Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032294"}
{"pmid": "1032295", "title": "Long-lived radionuclides in food: 90Sr and 137Cs in the Israel diet.", "content": "Long-lived radionuclides in food: 90Sr and 137Cs in the Israel diet. Routine monitoring of Strontium-90 and Cesium-137 levels in the main classes of food consumed in Israel has been carried out for a number of years. Calculations have been made of the intake of these isotopes by various groups in the Israel population using Food Consumption Survey data made available by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. More detailed analyses have been carried out to calculate the exposure of groups selected on the basis of demographic, economic and family-size criteria. This was carried out in an attempt to detect \"critical groups\" in the population who might be overly exposed. Results of these data indicate that in the case of Israel the monitoring of a single food item such as milk or the extrapolation of local fallout data cannot be relied on to give an estimate of radionuclide exposure through food. The relation between high consumption groups and the intake of \"average\" consumers is discussed in detail and the use of the statistical models developed in these studies for the estimates of radionuclide exposure during periods of high fallout levels which occurred in the past and possible applications with regard to other environmental contaminants is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032295"}
{"pmid": "1032296", "title": "Selenium content of some foodstuffs and other environmental samples in a mineralized area of Italy.", "content": "Selenium content of some foodstuffs and other environmental samples in a mineralized area of Italy. No data are available on Selenium concentration in the Italian environment in spite of its importance as an essential and toxic element. In order to get some information about the concentration and distribution of this element in the environment and in the food-chain, a survey has been made in the Monte Amiata area (Toscana, Italy). Such an area was selected for this study owing to its large mineralization due to many elements (e.g. Fe, Cu, Ag, Sb and particularly Hg). The selenium content has been determined by thermal neutron activaltion analysis and a large volume high-resolution Ge-Li gamma ray spectrometer connected on line to a DEC PDP 8/L computer. The instrumental method requires neither a chemical separation technique nor a pre-or post-concentration of Selenium. The Selenium concentration for wet weight in foodstuffs ranges between a value of 0.008 ppm in milk and a value of 0.2 ppm in chicken. The average Se intake for the population living in the area under investigation has been also estimated. A critical discussion of the data is reported together with a comparison with the Se concentration values referring to other countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032296"}
{"pmid": "1032298", "title": "ECDIN, an EC data bank for environmental chemicals.", "content": "ECDIN, an EC data bank for environmental chemicals. All environmentally relevant information is computer stored for each organic chemical manufactured in quantities above 1.000 tons per year (whether it is considered as potentially toxic or not), known toxic chemicals (independently of their production figures) and certain classes of inorganic chemicals. The main data fields (\"attributes\" for each chemical) are: 1. substance identification and physicochemical data; 2. production and use data; 3. handling, transportation, and disposal; 4. environmental involvement (breakdown under biotic and abiotic conditions, average concentrations in environmental matrices); 5. biological effects and toxicity; 6. protection standards, administrative and regulatory data. Structure and substructure codification permits screening for substances with similar structures and coupling to GC-MS-computer analysis units with full or approximative structure outputs. A pilot project has been started permitting queries via direct and inverted file. It will include all available information on a limited number of compounds (some 5.000) from different chemical and use classes. The further software development foresees automatic indexing, automatic encoding of formatted data, automatic query formulation and search on a probabilistic basis for natural-language source data. Easy data flow is ensured by a networking between the central unit at the EC research Centre in Ispra (Italy) and specialised national data centres (ECDIN = European Chemicals Data and Information Network).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032298"}
{"pmid": "1032297", "title": "Bioaccumulation of 14C-DDT in a small pond.", "content": "Bioaccumulation of 14C-DDT in a small pond.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032297"}
{"pmid": "1032299", "title": "Multielement characterization of atmospheric aerosols by instrumental neutron activation analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis.", "content": "Multielement characterization of atmospheric aerosols by instrumental neutron activation analysis and X-ray fluorescence analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032299"}
{"pmid": "1032300", "title": "Radioisotope techniques in delineation of the environmental behavior of cadmium.", "content": "Radioisotope techniques in delineation of the environmental behavior of cadmium. Radioisotope techniques are being developed and utilized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) for evaluating the environmental behavior of toxic elements such as cadmium in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Tracer techniques using 109Cd in microcosm, field plot, and stream systems are providing information on biogeochemical cycling and distribution of cadmium in the environment. Parameters being measured include adsorption capacity for cadmium in mineral soils and sediments; uptake rates of cadmium in various plant species from both soils and nutrient solutions as affected by pH, competing cations, and chemical form of cadmium; and distribution of cadmium in various components of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems following application of 109Cd to soil vegetation, or directly to streams. Food chain parameters being estimated with 109Cd include uptake, assimilation, and turnover by both aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Information obtained in these radiotracer studies is providing insight into the behavior of cadmium in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, especially transport rates of cadmium and potential biomagnification or dilution in food chains. The factors which influence the incorporation of cadmium into vegetative material as well as those affecting residence time in ecosystems have been identified. Use of 109Cd also has permitted evaluation of a cadmium specific electrode as a tool for rapid assay of free cadmium ions in soil solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032300"}
{"pmid": "1032301", "title": "Global inputs and trends of chemical residues in the biosphere.", "content": "Global inputs and trends of chemical residues in the biosphere.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032301"}
{"pmid": "1032302", "title": "Technology assessment on the use of pesticides.", "content": "Technology assessment on the use of pesticides. The extensive use of pesticides in Japanese agriculture was studied as a problem-oriented case of technology assessment with an aim to contribute to the establishment of appropriate procedures of assessing real and potential impacts which modern technologies have or may have on health, industries, economy, society and on the environment and to obtain clues to the development of safer use of pesticides. Direct and indirect impacts, both real and potential, favourable and adverse, were intended to identify and evaluate systematically and comprehensively as their cause and effect sequences were studied. Adverse impacts were divided into tradable and untradable categories, untradable adverse impacts were related mostly to human health. As to the evaluation of impacts, it was suggested that the size of area and population affected, irreversibility and controllability of the impact be considered. It was recognized as urgent and requisite to develop and establish a more efficient and satisfactory method of testing the safety of pesticides and their metabolites over a wider spectrum of organisms and with respect to newer aspects of toxicology as mutagenesis, teratogenesis and cancerogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032302"}
{"pmid": "1032303", "title": "Biological control and environmental quality.", "content": "Biological control and environmental quality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032303"}
{"pmid": "1032304", "title": "Natural enemies as a control agent of pests and the environmental complexity from the theoretical and experimental points of view.", "content": "Natural enemies as a control agent of pests and the environmental complexity from the theoretical and experimental points of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032304"}
{"pmid": "1032305", "title": "New approaches: pheromones and related chemicals in some USDA insect control programs.", "content": "New approaches: pheromones and related chemicals in some USDA insect control programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032305"}
{"pmid": "1032306", "title": "Use and field application of pheromones in orchard pest management programs.", "content": "Use and field application of pheromones in orchard pest management programs. Pheromones are recognized as potentially valuable tools in orchard pest management. Their most immediate practical application is in pest monitoring to indicate the need for chemical control. In this role, they can have considerable impact in reduction of pesticide output.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032306"}
{"pmid": "1032307", "title": "Approaches to insect control based on chemical ecology--case studies.", "content": "Approaches to insect control based on chemical ecology--case studies. In this article two attempted approaches to control a stored product insect, azuki bean weevil, are discussed based on host selection study and oviposition ecology. The latter study indicated the presence of an oviposition marker, a new kind of pheromone, which was derived from the weevil and was lipid in nature, and suggested its possible use as an oviposition inhibitor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032307"}
{"pmid": "1032308", "title": "Embryological aspects of environmental toxicology: relation between environmental protection and the successful conservation of species in the view of experimental embryology.", "content": "Embryological aspects of environmental toxicology: relation between environmental protection and the successful conservation of species in the view of experimental embryology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032308"}
{"pmid": "1032309", "title": "Modern science for future environment and social university youth activities.", "content": "Modern science for future environment and social university youth activities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032309"}
{"pmid": "1032310", "title": "Experiments on the effect of carbon monoxide on aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALAD).", "content": "Experiments on the effect of carbon monoxide on aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALAD). The inverse relationship between blood lead concentration and aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALAD) is well known. Recently, it has been suggested that a similar relationship exists between carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and ALAD activity. This study was undertaken to examine more closely the possible effect of carbon monoxide on ALAD. Blood from 19 human volunteers was analyzed for both carboxyhemoglobin and ALAD activity. Smokers had significantly lower concentrations of ALAD than nonsmokers and a rise in carboxyhemoglobin concentration was assocaited with a fall in ALAD activity. The in vitro bubbling of carbon monoxide into human blood did not significantly effect ALAD activity. Four groups of rats (10 per group) wre exposed to carbon monoxide or dietary lead acetate according to the following design: (I) Control--no Pb or CO; (II) 500 ppm Pb acetate in diet; (III) 250 ppm CO four hours/day X 5 days/week X 4 weeks; (IV) Both Pb and CO. Analysis of the rat data showed a significant depression of ALAD by lead. The activity of ALAD in the rats exposed to CO was significantly increased suggesting the possibility of an adaptive phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032310"}
{"pmid": "1032311", "title": "Chyluria pathologenesis and diagnosis.", "content": "Chyluria pathologenesis and diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032311"}
{"pmid": "1032312", "title": "Effect of glucose on the action of some anaesthetics.", "content": "Effect of glucose on the action of some anaesthetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032312"}
{"pmid": "1032313", "title": "Hycanthone in experimental schistosomiasis studies on liver pathology in mice treated with one and two doses.", "content": "Hycanthone in experimental schistosomiasis studies on liver pathology in mice treated with one and two doses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032313"}
{"pmid": "1032314", "title": "Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, pathological aspects in relation to surgical management.", "content": "Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, pathological aspects in relation to surgical management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032314"}
{"pmid": "1032315", "title": "Evaluation of some parameters of lead exposure and possible correlation between them.", "content": "Evaluation of some parameters of lead exposure and possible correlation between them.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032315"}
{"pmid": "1032316", "title": "Food additives.", "content": "Food additives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032316"}
{"pmid": "1032317", "title": "The effect of \"thalamonal\" on the electromyographic activity of the stomach.", "content": "The effect of \"thalamonal\" on the electromyographic activity of the stomach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032317"}
{"pmid": "1032318", "title": "Serum and urinary immunochemical studies in primary nephrotic syndrome.", "content": "Serum and urinary immunochemical studies in primary nephrotic syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032318"}
{"pmid": "1032319", "title": "Serum transaminases in late pregnancy and after labour.", "content": "Serum transaminases in late pregnancy and after labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032319"}
{"pmid": "1032320", "title": "Treatment of lichen planus with bactrim.", "content": "Treatment of lichen planus with bactrim.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032320"}
{"pmid": "1032322", "title": "Personal concepts and trends in management of cancer breast.", "content": "Personal concepts and trends in management of cancer breast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032322"}
{"pmid": "1032321", "title": "Subacute extradural haematoma.", "content": "Subacute extradural haematoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032321"}
{"pmid": "1032323", "title": "Sexual problems associated with infertility.", "content": "Sexual problems associated with infertility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032323"}
{"pmid": "1032326", "title": "Hut entry and exit by Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus in an unsprayed village near Kaduna in Northern Nigeria.", "content": "Hut entry and exit by Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus in an unsprayed village near Kaduna in Northern Nigeria. Hut entry and exit by An. gambiae and An. funestus were studied in an unsprayed village near Kaduna in Northern Nigeria. A high turn-over of indoor resting mosquitoes of all blood digestion stages was noted throughout the night. The behaviour of both species was similar. The entry pattern was more uniform than the exit which showed two distinct peaks around sunset and after midnight. Most of the daytime resting mosquitoes left the huts during the first hour after sunset, and therefore the mosquitoes escaping during the subsequent hours of the night were mainly those that had entered the same night and spent only a limited period inside the huts. The significance of the movement of mosquitoes is discussed in relation to entomological evaluation of the impact of residual insecticides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032326"}
{"pmid": "1032324", "title": "Linkage study on dieldrin resistance and an inversion on the second chromosome of Anopheles stephensi.", "content": "Linkage study on dieldrin resistance and an inversion on the second chromosome of Anopheles stephensi. In a study on the linkage between the gene for dieldrin resistance and an inversion on the second chromosome in Anopheles stephensi, the two factors were found to assort independently. As dieldrin resistance can be assigned either to the third chromosome, or to a position on the second chromosome more than 50 cross-over units from the inversion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032324"}
{"pmid": "1032345", "title": "Prevention of cardiovascular disease: an urgent Canadian problem.", "content": "Prevention of cardiovascular disease: an urgent Canadian problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032345"}
{"pmid": "1032332", "title": "Transmission patterns of onchocerciasis in southwest Ethiopia.", "content": "Transmission patterns of onchocerciasis in southwest Ethiopia. The three transmission patterns found till now in Ethiopia are described. The forest area contains ideal conditions for the breeding of Simulium, but the sparse human population makes the transmission rate low. Only a few people were found to be infected. The subsistence crop farming area is a less ideal habitat for the vector due to the scarcity of bush and shade. However the presence of a largest population can explain the slightly higher prevalence of the disease than in the forest. The coffee farming area is densely populated, rich in bush and shade, with heavy rainfall and numerous rivers. Here the number of Simulium and their chance to reach the infective stages, are considered to be high. A high prevalence of the disease was found in this zone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032332"}
{"pmid": "1032346", "title": "The future is now.", "content": "The future is now.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032346"}
{"pmid": "1032347", "title": "Depression after myocardial infarction.", "content": "Depression after myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032347"}
{"pmid": "1032348", "title": "Propranolol therapy in the perioperative period.", "content": "Propranolol therapy in the perioperative period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032348"}
{"pmid": "1032349", "title": "Fomites in vaginitis.", "content": "Fomites in vaginitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032349"}
{"pmid": "1032350", "title": "Sudden death in asthma.", "content": "Sudden death in asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032350"}
{"pmid": "1032337", "title": "The salivary gland chromosomes of Anopheles labranchiae Falleroni 1926.", "content": "The salivary gland chromosomes of Anopheles labranchiae Falleroni 1926. The salivary gland chromosomes of Anopheles labranchiae Falleroni, 1926 are described and figured. A. labranchiae is the sibling species of the maculipennis complex most closely related to A. atroparvus and the map of A. labranchiae is generally comparable to that of A. atroparvus. The chromosomal areas which are asynaptic in the hybrids between the two species are also described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032337"}
{"pmid": "1032351", "title": "Caffeine content of beverages as consumed.", "content": "Caffeine content of beverages as consumed. Quantitative analysis of beverages prepared at home by staff of the Addiction Research Foundation revealed a lower and much more variable caffeine content of both tea and coffee than had been reported in earlier studies, most of which were based on analysis of laboratory-prepared beverages. Median caffeine concentration of 37 home-prepared samples of tea was 27 mg per cup (range, 8 to 91 mg); for 46 coffee samples the median concentration was 74 mg per cup (range, 29 to 176 mg). If tea and coffee as drunk contain less caffeine than generally supposed, the potency of caffeine may be greater than commonly realized, as may the relative caffeine content of certain commercial preparations, including chocolate and colas. The substantial variation in caffeine content emphasizes the need to establish actual caffeine intake in clinical, epidemiologic and experimental investigations of caffeine effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032351"}
{"pmid": "1032355", "title": "New view offered of cause of postoperative sepsis.", "content": "New view offered of cause of postoperative sepsis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032355"}
{"pmid": "1032354", "title": "Technique evaluation of foster care in chronic psychiatric disorders.", "content": "Technique evaluation of foster care in chronic psychiatric disorders. Foster care received by 178 patients with chronic psychiatric disorders discharged from Hamilton Psychiatric Hospital in the years 1966 through 1969 was studied by technique evaluation. Residents were followed for 3 years by means of health records. The achievement of operational objectives of the program (Homes for Special Care) was compared with two types of outcome--emergency readmission to hospital and discharge to the community. Emergency readmission was associated with rural location of the foster home, inferior quality of the home operator and smaller size (i.e., fewer residents) of the home. Discharge to the community was more common among younger, female residents whose previous psychiatric hospitalization had been relatively brief. In general, prescription audit was not a fruitful way of evaluating quality of health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032354"}
{"pmid": "1032352", "title": "In vitro estrogen-binding by human breast carcinomas.", "content": "In vitro estrogen-binding by human breast carcinomas. Patients whose breast carcinomas possess only low concentrations of a receptor molecule that binds estrogens with high affinity are unlikely to respond to hormonal manipulative therapy when the disease recurs. The estrogen-binding capacity of 106 breast carcinomas was measured by an in vitro method and was expressed per milligram wet weight and in some cases related to the concentration of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the tumours. The ability of tumors to bind 3H-estradiol ranged from 0 to 1.3 fm/mg in pre- and perenopausal women, and from 0 to 16.8 fm/mg in postmenopausal women. Menopausal status or serum concentrations of endogenous estrogen, or both, should therefore be considered when tumours are classified into low and high estrogen-binding capacity. It is not necessary to carry out Scatchard analysis for every tumour, and expressing estradiol binding on the basis of DNA concentration may be preferable to expressing in on a wet-weight basis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032352"}
{"pmid": "1032353", "title": "Decreased anion gap associated with monoclonal and pseudomonoclonal gammopathy.", "content": "Decreased anion gap associated with monoclonal and pseudomonoclonal gammopathy. Nine patients with monoclonal and one with pseudomonoclonal gammopathy were found to have a decreased anion gap. Eight of the patients had multiple myeloma, one has plasma cell leukemia and one had chronic active hepatitis. In all of the the decreased anion gap was associated with an increased concentration of IgG greater than 5 g/dl.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032353"}
{"pmid": "1032356", "title": "Carcinogens are not that common.", "content": "Carcinogens are not that common.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032356"}
{"pmid": "1032357", "title": "Symposium reviews how geriatric patients are different.", "content": "Symposium reviews how geriatric patients are different.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032357"}
{"pmid": "1032358", "title": "Ultrasound providing valuable information in pregnancy.", "content": "Ultrasound providing valuable information in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032358"}
{"pmid": "1032359", "title": "Finding and helping the deprived child.", "content": "Finding and helping the deprived child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032359"}
{"pmid": "1032360", "title": "PEI's best buy hospital registers no sale.", "content": "PEI's best buy hospital registers no sale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032360"}
{"pmid": "1032366", "title": "The value of esophagoscopy in patients with bilharzial hepatic fibrosis.", "content": "The value of esophagoscopy in patients with bilharzial hepatic fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032366"}
{"pmid": "1032368", "title": "A simple tube test for assessing antibiotic sensitivity of certain anaerobic bacteria.", "content": "A simple tube test for assessing antibiotic sensitivity of certain anaerobic bacteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032368"}
{"pmid": "1032367", "title": "Pharmacological evaluation of xanthinol nicotinate (complamin).", "content": "Pharmacological evaluation of xanthinol nicotinate (complamin).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032367"}
{"pmid": "1032369", "title": "A new sensitive Schistoma antigen for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis by the intradermal test.", "content": "A new sensitive Schistoma antigen for the diagnosis of schistosomiasis by the intradermal test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032369"}
{"pmid": "1032370", "title": "Inhibitory effect of metformin on L-B-phenyl alanine-125 absorption in man.", "content": "Inhibitory effect of metformin on L-B-phenyl alanine-125 absorption in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032370"}
{"pmid": "1032371", "title": "Effect of nicotinic acid on blood sugar, its character and possible mechanism of action.", "content": "Effect of nicotinic acid on blood sugar, its character and possible mechanism of action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032371"}
{"pmid": "1032372", "title": "Assessment of serum copper level and ceruloplasmin activity in toxaemia of pregnancy.", "content": "Assessment of serum copper level and ceruloplasmin activity in toxaemia of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032372"}
{"pmid": "1032373", "title": "Plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and glucose tolerance in bilharzial hepatic fibrosis.", "content": "Plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and glucose tolerance in bilharzial hepatic fibrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032373"}
{"pmid": "1032374", "title": "Anti-leucocyte and anti-platelet iso- and autoantibodies in leukemias and malignant lymphomas.", "content": "Anti-leucocyte and anti-platelet iso- and autoantibodies in leukemias and malignant lymphomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032374"}
{"pmid": "1032375", "title": "The relation of seminal acid phosphatase to fertility.", "content": "The relation of seminal acid phosphatase to fertility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032375"}
{"pmid": "1032376", "title": "Diagnostic value of Hagens test in inferitility.", "content": "Diagnostic value of Hagens test in inferitility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032376"}
{"pmid": "1032377", "title": "The absent symphysis syndrome.", "content": "The absent symphysis syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032377"}
{"pmid": "1032380", "title": "A method for electrophysiologic study of drug actions on the ciliary muscle \"in vivo\".", "content": "A method for electrophysiologic study of drug actions on the ciliary muscle \"in vivo\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032380"}
{"pmid": "1032379", "title": "Evaluation of salivary electrolytes in digitalis toxicity.", "content": "Evaluation of salivary electrolytes in digitalis toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032379"}
{"pmid": "1032378", "title": "Hemostasis in the Egyptian female in abortion with a case report.", "content": "Hemostasis in the Egyptian female in abortion with a case report. Hemostatic factors in cases of early pregnancy bleeding were estimated in 16 patients pregnant for 8-12 weeks and compared with established mean values for normal pregnancies (controls).  During abortion there was a significant decrease in platelet count and clot retraction and an increase in capillary fragility, indicating utilization of hemostatic factors.  However, the whole blood clotting time was shortened.  Subsequent recovery in the postabortive period occurred at a slower rate than that of the recovery previously established for normal delivery (mean platelet count, 268+ or -52 times 10(3)/cu. cm 6-10 days after abortion;  410+ or -103 times 10(3) in corresponding puerperal period).  The state of enhanced hemostasis observed 6-10 days after normal labor did not manifest fully after abortion.  Abortion resulted in a significant reduction of hemoglobin percentage which was maintained for 10 days.  A depressed state of hemopoiesis in abortion might be in part responsible for the persistence of lowered hemoglobin reported in the postabortive period.  A case of hemopoietic failure as a result of pregnancy is described, and it is suggested that therapeutic abortion in such conditions may be life-saving.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032378"}
{"pmid": "1032381", "title": "Zinc in serum and urine of diabetics.", "content": "Zinc in serum and urine of diabetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032381"}
{"pmid": "1032382", "title": "An investigation on the decarboxylase activity of human and animal diphtheroids.", "content": "An investigation on the decarboxylase activity of human and animal diphtheroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032382"}
{"pmid": "1032383", "title": "Some presentations of asymptomatic urinary tract infection.", "content": "Some presentations of asymptomatic urinary tract infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032383"}
{"pmid": "1032385", "title": "Tinidazole therapy in lambliasis and amoebiasis.", "content": "Tinidazole therapy in lambliasis and amoebiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032385"}
{"pmid": "1032384", "title": "Assessment of serum arginase activity in intestinal and hepatic schistosomiasis.", "content": "Assessment of serum arginase activity in intestinal and hepatic schistosomiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032384"}
{"pmid": "1032388", "title": "Cryptogenic malignant melanoma of the head and neck.", "content": "Cryptogenic malignant melanoma of the head and neck.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032388"}
{"pmid": "1032387", "title": "New concepts and trends in hand infection.", "content": "New concepts and trends in hand infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032387"}
{"pmid": "1032386", "title": "Thalamonal with local infiltration anaesthesia in plastic surgery.", "content": "Thalamonal with local infiltration anaesthesia in plastic surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032386"}
{"pmid": "1032389", "title": "Effect of intravenous citanest on adrenaline-induced ventricular fibrillation during chloroform anaesthesia.", "content": "Effect of intravenous citanest on adrenaline-induced ventricular fibrillation during chloroform anaesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032389"}
{"pmid": "1032392", "title": "Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)--legal hazards.", "content": "Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)--legal hazards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032392"}
{"pmid": "1032391", "title": "Hearing, traumatic deafness: medicolegal implications.", "content": "Hearing, traumatic deafness: medicolegal implications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032391"}
{"pmid": "1032390", "title": "Spotlights on the Rod Sketch Theory.", "content": "Spotlights on the Rod Sketch Theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032390"}
{"pmid": "1032393", "title": "The advent of legal abortion and surgical abortion techniques.", "content": "The advent of legal abortion and surgical abortion techniques. The 4 principle abortion techniques are 1) dilation and curettage (D and C), 2) vacuum aspiration, 3) amniocentesis (saline injection), and 4) hysterotomy.  The curettage and vacuum methods are used in the first trimester of pregnancy.  Both require dilation of the cervix.  The fetal material is removed with a curette or suction applied to the uterine wall.  First trimester abortions usually do not require hospitalization.  No abortion should be performed between 12-14 weeks.  After 14 weeks, ideally 20 weeks, amniocentesis is the preferred method.  It is a more complicated procedure involving removal of amniotic fluid and replacement with hypertonic saline solution, resulting in fetal death and expulsion.  Oxytocin may also be used to induce labor.  Reported complications run from 5-15% Hospitalization is up to 48 hours.  A hysterotomy requires exposure of the uterus by a surgical opening in the abdomen.  The uterus is opened and fetal material delivered.  Once a hysterotomy is performed, all other pregnancies must be delivered by caesarean section.  The psychological considerations of abortion have not been carefully studied under the new laws.  No clear consensus exists as to the psychological aftereffect of abortion.  If a woman desires an abortion and does not receive one, there is a likelihood of psychological effects, as for a woman who does not desire an abortion and receives one.  Conflict occurs only when a woman is not sure of her own decision.  Moral considerations imposed by abortion service personnel will also set up a conflict for the patient.  The abortion seeker must know her own attitudes regarding the sanctity of life and her social role as a woman and be psychologically prepared to actually arrange for the operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032393"}
{"pmid": "1032394", "title": "A medical \"brief\" in a malpractice case.", "content": "A medical \"brief\" in a malpractice case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032394"}
{"pmid": "1032395", "title": "Blood groups in bastardy, paternity, heredity and criminal cases.", "content": "Blood groups in bastardy, paternity, heredity and criminal cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032395"}
{"pmid": "1032396", "title": "The high-low contract: a trial by chance.", "content": "The high-low contract: a trial by chance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032396"}
{"pmid": "1032397", "title": "Analysis of neocortical electrical responses evoked by stimulation of various hypothalamic structures.", "content": "Analysis of neocortical electrical responses evoked by stimulation of various hypothalamic structures. Evoked potentials (EPs) and extracellular unit activity were recorded in various parts of the neocortex of unanesthetized cats immobilized with succinylcholine. During hippocampal stimulation EPs of maximal amplitude are recorded in the anterior sigmoid gyrus with a latent period (LP) of 0.5-2.5 msec. The first component is a fast positive spike with a duration of about 1.5 msec. In the middle suprasylvian gyrus, hypothalamo-cortical (HC) EPs have a monophasic surface-negative configuration and are recorded after an LP of 2-6 msec. HC EPS in the anterior sigmoid gyrus can bind a rhythm of stimulation of up to 200 pulses/sec and are characterized not only by high functional mobility, but also by the property of posttetanic potentiation. The main positive wave appears to a testing stimulus with an interval of 7-10 msec. Complete recovery of all components of HC EP takes place at an interval of 50-150 msec. In response to the conditioning stimulus a biphasic change in excitability of the neurons is observed in the association areas of the anterior sigmoid and middle suprasylvian gyri of the neocortex. The maximal number of responding neurons in the deep layers of the cortex discharges in the period of development of the initial spike and the main positive wave of the HC EP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032397"}
{"pmid": "1032398", "title": "Analysis of the role of central noradrenergic structures in memory trace recall.", "content": "Analysis of the role of central noradrenergic structures in memory trace recall. During the reproduction of a conditioned passive avoidance response by albino rats and also during the action of a conditioning stimulus in animals trained by invariable reinforcement of the conditioning stimulus, a significant decrease was found in the noradrenalin content in nuclei of the limbic system and anterior hypothalamus compared with the control. In untrained animals, and also in trained animals subjected to repeated testing in the course of 4 days, the decrease in the noradrenalin content was less marked. Reproduction of the conditioned active avoidence response in a shuttle box did not induce changes in the noradrenalin content.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032398"}
{"pmid": "1032400", "title": "Diagnostic importance and possible mechanism of a dynamic characteristic of the EEG in brain tumors.", "content": "Diagnostic importance and possible mechanism of a dynamic characteristic of the EEG in brain tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032400"}
{"pmid": "1032399", "title": "Senile amyloidosis in schizophrenia.", "content": "Senile amyloidosis in schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032399"}
{"pmid": "1032412", "title": "The spleen function of trapping the aged erythrocytes.", "content": "The spleen function of trapping the aged erythrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032412"}
{"pmid": "1032413", "title": "Changes in erythrocyte specific gravity and osmotic fragility due to exercise.", "content": "Changes in erythrocyte specific gravity and osmotic fragility due to exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032413"}
{"pmid": "1032415", "title": "Diagnostic application of thyroid lymphography for nodular thyroid lesions.", "content": "Diagnostic application of thyroid lymphography for nodular thyroid lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032415"}
{"pmid": "1032414", "title": "Some properties of rapidly labelled ribonucleic acid associated with light ribonucleoprotein particles from young and adult rat brains.", "content": "Some properties of rapidly labelled ribonucleic acid associated with light ribonucleoprotein particles from young and adult rat brains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032414"}
{"pmid": "1032417", "title": "Senile changes in the physical strength and the skin, and their relation to vital prognosis.", "content": "Senile changes in the physical strength and the skin, and their relation to vital prognosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032417"}
{"pmid": "1032416", "title": "A long-term observation of the environmental conditions of a factory manufacturing lead arsenate as an insecticide (studies on lead arsenate poisoning, Part 1).", "content": "A long-term observation of the environmental conditions of a factory manufacturing lead arsenate as an insecticide (studies on lead arsenate poisoning, Part 1).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032416"}
{"pmid": "1032418", "title": "Therapeutic spectrum of sulpiride, haloperidol and lithium: a graphic representation by clinical observation.", "content": "Therapeutic spectrum of sulpiride, haloperidol and lithium: a graphic representation by clinical observation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032418"}
{"pmid": "1032419", "title": "Induction of an allergic gastritis in guinea pigs sensitized to 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene--Experimental studies on gastritis from the viewpoint of contact allergy.", "content": "Induction of an allergic gastritis in guinea pigs sensitized to 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene--Experimental studies on gastritis from the viewpoint of contact allergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032419"}
{"pmid": "1032401", "title": "The autonomic basis of certain forms of activity in local lesions of the limbico-reticular complex (mathematical analysis of the cardiac rhythm).", "content": "The autonomic basis of certain forms of activity in local lesions of the limbico-reticular complex (mathematical analysis of the cardiac rhythm).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032401"}
{"pmid": "1032402", "title": "Interaction between peripheral motoneurons of antagonist muscles in normal subjects and spastic hemiparesis studied by the H-reflex method.", "content": "Interaction between peripheral motoneurons of antagonist muscles in normal subjects and spastic hemiparesis studied by the H-reflex method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032402"}
{"pmid": "1032405", "title": "Family formation by patients with schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis based on the results of an epidemiological study of birth rates.", "content": "Family formation by patients with schizophrenia and manic-depressive psychosis based on the results of an epidemiological study of birth rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032405"}
{"pmid": "1032403", "title": "Functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres in clinical types of schizophrenia.", "content": "Functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres in clinical types of schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032403"}
{"pmid": "1032410", "title": "EEG patterns in children aged 6-7 years during formation of a complex motor-visual skill.", "content": "EEG patterns in children aged 6-7 years during formation of a complex motor-visual skill.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032410"}
{"pmid": "1032411", "title": "Comparison of the role of the first and second cortical somatosensory areas in the conditioned behavior of animals.", "content": "Comparison of the role of the first and second cortical somatosensory areas in the conditioned behavior of animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032411"}
{"pmid": "1032404", "title": "Predicting the frequency of episodes of schizophrenia (results of an epidemiological investigation).", "content": "Predicting the frequency of episodes of schizophrenia (results of an epidemiological investigation).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032404"}
{"pmid": "1032406", "title": "Dynamics of evoked potentials in the dog auditory cortex during the formation of goal-directed behavior after ablation of the medial geniculate bodies.", "content": "Dynamics of evoked potentials in the dog auditory cortex during the formation of goal-directed behavior after ablation of the medial geniculate bodies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032406"}
{"pmid": "1032409", "title": "Heterogeneity of the neuron membrane of Helix pomatia and its possible role in the organization of receptive fields.", "content": "Heterogeneity of the neuron membrane of Helix pomatia and its possible role in the organization of receptive fields.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032409"}
{"pmid": "1032408", "title": "Correlation between neocortical and hippocampal biopotentials in lobectomized dogs.", "content": "Correlation between neocortical and hippocampal biopotentials in lobectomized dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032408"}
{"pmid": "1032407", "title": "Functional maturation of the visula cortex during prenatal development of the cat.", "content": "Functional maturation of the visula cortex during prenatal development of the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032407"}
{"pmid": "1032434", "title": "Intellectual development and school achievement of youths 12-17 years: demographic and socioeconomic factors.", "content": "Intellectual development and school achievement of youths 12-17 years: demographic and socioeconomic factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032434"}
{"pmid": "1032435", "title": "Histochemical study of lipid absorption in two teleost fishes.", "content": "Histochemical study of lipid absorption in two teleost fishes. Absorption of lipid in the different regions of the intestine of two teleost fishes has been studied histochemically at different time intervals of 4, 10 and 20 h. All the three portions of the intestine have the absorptive capacity. However, it varies from one region to another. The lipid has been absorbed in the form of lipoid particles and lipoid goblets. It is also recorded here that some lipoid droplets are absorbed by pinocytosis across the brush border membrane. The lipid absorbed was localized in the brush border cells, in intercellular spaces of connective tissue, in submucosa, in between serosa and muscularis, in the lumen of blood capillaries and mesentric lymphatic vessels but was absent in muscularis and serosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032435"}
{"pmid": "1032436", "title": "Studies on the oogonial cycle in Puntius ticto (Ham.) II. Formation of mature follicles.", "content": "Studies on the oogonial cycle in Puntius ticto (Ham.) II. Formation of mature follicles. During the formation of maturing oocyte and mature follicle most of the changes are observed in the ooplasm while nucleus gets reduced in size and finally vanishes in the ooplasm. Few of the nuclei migrate into the ooplasm (yolk nucleus) which is responsible for the yolk accumulation. The mature follicle is covered by the theca, granulosa and zona rediata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032436"}
{"pmid": "1032437", "title": "Ultrastructural observation on the rectal gills of Zygoptera larva.", "content": "Ultrastructural observation on the rectal gills of Zygoptera larva. The zygoptera larvae have tracheal gills. Both outer and inner epicuticles of damselfly larvae (Zygoptera) are pierced by pores of about 200...250 A thickness. The pores are distributed at a distance of about 500...600 A apart. Their endings are noticed upto the lower portion of exocuticle. The endocuticle is a big area in which the respiratory epithelium have flat apical and basal sides, plasma membrane is not folded. Glycogen granules are distributed in the cytoplasm and a few mitochondria are noticed. The tracheal brances and the cytoplasm of the respiratory epithelium come in contact with the epicuticle. The distribution of tracheoles, with surplus of tracheoles in a surface outside the hypodermis are close to the sub-cuticular area is found. The gills of Zygoptera appear to be merely respiratory organs having respiratory epithelium and the ions and water are resorbed from the modified rectal epithelium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032437"}
{"pmid": "1032438", "title": "Studies on the toxic effect of cadmium in the rat. I. Testicular changes induced by a single subcutaneous injection of cadmium chloride.", "content": "Studies on the toxic effect of cadmium in the rat. I. Testicular changes induced by a single subcutaneous injection of cadmium chloride. Adult male rats of Wistar strain were subcutaneously injected with a single dose of 0.025 mM CdCl2/kg body weight. The autopsies were performed 2 and 12 weeks post cadmium injection. Experimental animals showed a normal gain of body weight while a marked lowering of the testes weight was observed. The lowering of testes weight of cadmium treated rats occured mainly due to the necrosis of seminiferous tubules, volume of which is markedly lower if compared to intact control rats. After 2 weeks of experiment a marked enlargement of the interstitial gland of the testis occured while after 12 weeks the gland is markedly lower if compared to control rats and to rats studied 2 weeks post cadmium injection. Histochemical reactions for lactic, succinic, alpha-glycerophosphate and 3beta-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenases, NADH tetrazolium reductase, acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterases showed for irreversible necrotic changes of seminiferous tubules of cadmium treated rats while the damage to interstitial gland is only temporary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032438"}
{"pmid": "1032440", "title": "Ultrastructure of cells of proper gastric glands and their stroma in hemorrhagic shock in the rat.", "content": "Ultrastructure of cells of proper gastric glands and their stroma in hemorrhagic shock in the rat. Ultrastructural changes in the cells of the proper gastric glands and their stroma are biphasic in the hemorrhagic shock. First phase: \"paralysis\" of the capillary vessels with an oedema of their stroma, an intracellular oedema with hydropic degeneration of the parietal cells and a degranulation of the argentaffin and argentaffin-like cells. Second phase: ischemia of the gastric mucosa with ultrastructural features of: a) the increased secretion of the parietal cells, b) the degranulation of the chief gastric cells, c) the increased secretion processes in the mucous neck cells. These findings suggest that at last 2 factors coincide in the pathogenesis of so-called stress gastric ulcerations: biphasic disturbances of blood circulation initially damage the gastric mucosa and are followed the digestive hyperactivity of the gastric juice finally resulting stress ulceration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032440"}
{"pmid": "1032442", "title": "Histomorphological and ultrastructural studies of a rat myocardium in experimental conditions.", "content": "Histomorphological and ultrastructural studies of a rat myocardium in experimental conditions. A histomorphological and ultrastructural analysis of the adaptation reaction of the rat heart muscle during an early experimental alloxan diabetes has been carried out. Changes were observed in the orthomorphology of the ultrastructure which appeared as vesicular intercalated discs within the fasciae adherentes regions, as changes in the mitochondria, cell nucleus, myofibrills and in the sarcoplasmic reticulum with a simultaneous increase in the number of lipid bodies. The described alterations are dependent on the duration time of the experiment and on the disturbances in the entire and local system cellular metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032442"}
{"pmid": "1032441", "title": "Investigations on the ultrastructure of spermatozoa in chronic alcoholics.", "content": "Investigations on the ultrastructure of spermatozoa in chronic alcoholics. The semen of 25 chronic alcoholics aged between 28 to 52 years was examined. The period of alcoholism amounted to 15 years the average being 12.3 years. In each person the semen was twice morphologically studied and the ultrastructure of spermatozoa was evaluated. Submicroscopic changes consisted mainly in the abnormal electron density of nuclear chromatin, altered structure of the acrosome and mitochondrial spiral, as well as in more rarely observed disturbed arrangement of fibrils of the axial filament complex. The hitherto non observed structure in human spermatozoon ön the form of single, annular, \"whorls\" were described. The interdependance between ultrastructural changes of spermatozoa and fertility was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032441"}
{"pmid": "1032444", "title": "A morphological study of antibody transport in the transparent fluid flowing form the lymph-folds of the copulatory organ into the cloacal lumen of the cock (Gallus domesticus).", "content": "A morphological study of antibody transport in the transparent fluid flowing form the lymph-folds of the copulatory organ into the cloacal lumen of the cock (Gallus domesticus). The lymph of the copulatory organ of the cock is produced mainly in the lymphobulbus phalli. The lymph fluid passes the secretory duct with its branching lymph capillaries and discharges into the lymph-fold. From here, it is released into the interstitial tissue through gaps of the lymph capillaries but also through the intercellular spaces between the endothelial cells of the lymph capillaries. A minor portion of the lymph is produced also in the lymph-fold from where it is transported in the interstitial tissue either by transfer vesicles of the circulatory blood capillaries or by pores and fenestrae of the transudatory blood capillaries. During the erection of the copulatory organ the lymph is pressed through the intercellular spaces of the epithelial covering the lymph-fold which is cylindrical and multistratified in shape. From here, it reaches the cloacal lumen in the form of transparent fluid (TF). TF was collected by different methods. It contains immunoglobulins which arise from plasma cells of the lymph-fold. Juxtaluminally, the lymph passage takes place via zonulae pseudooccludentes. The epithelial covering secretes a mucoid substance which is added to the TF prior to its following the spermatic phase as the final fraction of the ejaculate. Plasma cells and lymphocytes migrate along the lymph flow in the intercellular spaces of the epithelial covering of the lymph-fold. After an experimental application of antigen the sub- and intraepithelial cells and lymphocytes increase in number with their portion of active cells exceeding the less active ones. The increase coincides with the increase in antibodies detected in the TF where they may cause a local immunisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032444"}
{"pmid": "1032446", "title": "Hypertension due to renal infarction. Report of a case of successful treatment.", "content": "Hypertension due to renal infarction. Report of a case of successful treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032446"}
{"pmid": "1032449", "title": "Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm.", "content": "Traumatic rupture of the diaphragm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032449"}
{"pmid": "1032448", "title": "Congenital unilateral multicystic kidney.", "content": "Congenital unilateral multicystic kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032448"}
{"pmid": "1032454", "title": "Morphological changes related to absorption of undigested protein in small intestinal epithelium cells of suckling pigs.", "content": "Morphological changes related to absorption of undigested protein in small intestinal epithelium cells of suckling pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032454"}
{"pmid": "1032453", "title": "Alkaline phosphatase, total protein, protein-bound hexose and hexosamine changes in serum and wound fluids in surgically-induced subcutaneous wounds in buffalo calves.", "content": "Alkaline phosphatase, total protein, protein-bound hexose and hexosamine changes in serum and wound fluids in surgically-induced subcutaneous wounds in buffalo calves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032453"}
{"pmid": "1032450", "title": "A comparative study of regression in Iranian schizophrenic and normal groups.", "content": "A comparative study of regression in Iranian schizophrenic and normal groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032450"}
{"pmid": "1032451", "title": "Large aneurysm of the splenic artery.", "content": "Large aneurysm of the splenic artery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032451"}
{"pmid": "1032455", "title": "The abomasal digestion in calves during development of the forestomachs.", "content": "The abomasal digestion in calves during development of the forestomachs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032455"}
{"pmid": "1032456", "title": "Bone mineral contents and serum alkaline phosphatase activity of healthy and hip dysplasic German sheepdogs.", "content": "Bone mineral contents and serum alkaline phosphatase activity of healthy and hip dysplasic German sheepdogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032456"}
{"pmid": "1032457", "title": "Histological study of coccidiosis caused in the silver carp and the bighead by Eimeria sinensis Chen, 1956.", "content": "Histological study of coccidiosis caused in the silver carp and the bighead by Eimeria sinensis Chen, 1956.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032457"}
{"pmid": "1032459", "title": "Effect of heat treatment, pelleting and storage on the content of thiamine and other vitamin B compounds of some fodders.", "content": "Effect of heat treatment, pelleting and storage on the content of thiamine and other vitamin B compounds of some fodders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032459"}
{"pmid": "1032458", "title": "Alterations of the ruminal mucosa and its relation to the hepatic abscesses in bulls fed high energy and low fibre diets.", "content": "Alterations of the ruminal mucosa and its relation to the hepatic abscesses in bulls fed high energy and low fibre diets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032458"}
{"pmid": "1032461", "title": "Use of the injection preparation Dertil (ad Us. Vet.) in fasciolosis control.", "content": "Use of the injection preparation Dertil (ad Us. Vet.) in fasciolosis control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032461"}
{"pmid": "1032464", "title": "Abortive Capillaria hepatica infection in the guinea pig.", "content": "Abortive Capillaria hepatica infection in the guinea pig.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032464"}
{"pmid": "1032460", "title": "Evaluation of the local allergic (intrapalpebral) test for Aujeszky's disease virus infection in swine.", "content": "Evaluation of the local allergic (intrapalpebral) test for Aujeszky's disease virus infection in swine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032460"}
{"pmid": "1032462", "title": "Droncit--a milestone in the control of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs.", "content": "Droncit--a milestone in the control of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032462"}
{"pmid": "1032465", "title": "Studies on avian mycoplasmas by metabolic inhibition test.", "content": "Studies on avian mycoplasmas by metabolic inhibition test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032465"}
{"pmid": "1032463", "title": "Influenza infectedness of captured and shot wild birds on north-eastern and south-eastern parts of Hungary.", "content": "Influenza infectedness of captured and shot wild birds on north-eastern and south-eastern parts of Hungary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032463"}
{"pmid": "1032483", "title": "Studies on heteroglucides in human colostrum. I. Isolation and characterization of a new sialic acid-containing hexasaccharide, disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose, from human colostrum.", "content": "Studies on heteroglucides in human colostrum. I. Isolation and characterization of a new sialic acid-containing hexasaccharide, disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose, from human colostrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032483"}
{"pmid": "1032482", "title": "Histochemical and electron microscopic observations on intraosseous ganglion.", "content": "Histochemical and electron microscopic observations on intraosseous ganglion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032482"}
{"pmid": "1032484", "title": "Studies on heteroglucides in human colostrum. II. Isolation and characterization of five sialic acid-containing oligosaccharides from human colostrum.", "content": "Studies on heteroglucides in human colostrum. II. Isolation and characterization of five sialic acid-containing oligosaccharides from human colostrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032484"}
{"pmid": "1032485", "title": "Studies on heteroglucides in human colostrum. III. Isolation and characterization of a new fucose-containing sialooligosaccharide from human colostrum.", "content": "Studies on heteroglucides in human colostrum. III. Isolation and characterization of a new fucose-containing sialooligosaccharide from human colostrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032485"}
{"pmid": "1032487", "title": "Studies on sialoglucides in human urine. II. On the qualitative and quantitative changes of urinary sialoglucides under various conditions and an attempt to identify sialoglucides in blood.", "content": "Studies on sialoglucides in human urine. II. On the qualitative and quantitative changes of urinary sialoglucides under various conditions and an attempt to identify sialoglucides in blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032487"}
{"pmid": "1032488", "title": "Two types of vestibulo-ocular reflex pattern caused by velocity and acceleration components of stimuli.", "content": "Two types of vestibulo-ocular reflex pattern caused by velocity and acceleration components of stimuli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032488"}
{"pmid": "1032486", "title": "Studies on sialoglucides in human urine. I. Determination of sialoglucides with low molecular weights in human urine.", "content": "Studies on sialoglucides in human urine. I. Determination of sialoglucides with low molecular weights in human urine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032486"}
{"pmid": "1032489", "title": "Effects of eyelid closure on vestibular nystagmus.", "content": "Effects of eyelid closure on vestibular nystagmus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032489"}
{"pmid": "1032492", "title": "The comparative study of invertebrate glycosaminoglycans. II. Structural studies of succinean sulfate.", "content": "The comparative study of invertebrate glycosaminoglycans. II. Structural studies of succinean sulfate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032492"}
{"pmid": "1032490", "title": "Electron microscopic observation on the outer hair cells and Deiters' cells of the rabbit.", "content": "Electron microscopic observation on the outer hair cells and Deiters' cells of the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032490"}
{"pmid": "1032491", "title": "The comparative study of invertebrate glycosaminoglycans. I. Isolation of a novel acidic glycosaminoglycan, succinean sulfate, from mucus of the sanil, Succinea lauta Gould.", "content": "The comparative study of invertebrate glycosaminoglycans. I. Isolation of a novel acidic glycosaminoglycan, succinean sulfate, from mucus of the sanil, Succinea lauta Gould.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032491"}
{"pmid": "1032493", "title": "Unique skin-sensitization to own plasma.", "content": "Unique skin-sensitization to own plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032493"}
{"pmid": "1032494", "title": "Hormonal changes after vasectomy.", "content": "Hormonal changes after vasectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032494"}
{"pmid": "1032495", "title": "Exocrine hypoplasia of the pancreas--a case report.", "content": "Exocrine hypoplasia of the pancreas--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032495"}
{"pmid": "1032497", "title": "Plasma creatinine and creatinine clearance studies in normal individuals.", "content": "Plasma creatinine and creatinine clearance studies in normal individuals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032497"}
{"pmid": "1032496", "title": "Pattern of assault.", "content": "Pattern of assault.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032496"}
{"pmid": "1032498", "title": "Aetiological review of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis.", "content": "Aetiological review of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032498"}
{"pmid": "1032499", "title": "Prevalence and pattern of drug abuse among Delhi University College students.", "content": "Prevalence and pattern of drug abuse among Delhi University College students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032499"}
{"pmid": "1032500", "title": "Piperazine neurotoxicity and psychological reaction.", "content": "Piperazine neurotoxicity and psychological reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032500"}
{"pmid": "1032502", "title": "Pulmonary candidiasis.", "content": "Pulmonary candidiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032502"}
{"pmid": "1032501", "title": "Fracture of vertebral bodies due to accidental electric shock.", "content": "Fracture of vertebral bodies due to accidental electric shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032501"}
{"pmid": "1032504", "title": "Angiolipoma of the labia majora.", "content": "Angiolipoma of the labia majora.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032504"}
{"pmid": "1032503", "title": "Histoplasmosis.", "content": "Histoplasmosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032503"}
{"pmid": "1032506", "title": "Role of IMA in nation building.", "content": "Role of IMA in nation building.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032506"}
{"pmid": "1032505", "title": "Herpes zoster-transverse myelitis.", "content": "Herpes zoster-transverse myelitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032505"}
{"pmid": "1032508", "title": "The association of leprosy and tuberculosis.", "content": "The association of leprosy and tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032508"}
{"pmid": "1032507", "title": "Enzyme pattern in vascular diseases of brain.", "content": "Enzyme pattern in vascular diseases of brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032507"}
{"pmid": "1032509", "title": "Burns:.", "content": "Burns:.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032509"}
{"pmid": "1032518", "title": "Lymphomatoid papulosis. A model of immunoblastic reaction of the skin.", "content": "Lymphomatoid papulosis. A model of immunoblastic reaction of the skin. In 3 cases of lymphomatoid papulosis with few ulceronecrotic lesions and 5 with the classic features of pytiriasis lichenoides acuta with necrotic lesions, a considerable part of the cellular component of the infiltrate of the lesions showed the morphologic and cytochemical characteristics of the cells described as immunoblasts. The authors consider that the lymphomatoid papulosis could represent an immunoblastic response to an unknown antigen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032518"}
{"pmid": "1032517", "title": "Congenital disseminate organoid tumors.", "content": "Congenital disseminate organoid tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032517"}
{"pmid": "1032522", "title": "Organoid nevus.", "content": "Organoid nevus. The organoid nevus is a malformation of most of the normal tissue components in a strictly localized, smaller or larger area of skin, most commonly the scalp. It undergoes more or less predictable developmental changes in puberty and then remains stable, but is subject to secondary development of benign or semimalignant adnexal tumors in a significant percentage of cases. It may present clinically and histologically in a variety of forms, the most common ones being nevus sebaceus and nevus verrucosus. It may be associated with neurologic and skeletal abnormalities in the organoid nevus syndrome (Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims). Total excision before adolescence is the treatment of choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032522"}
{"pmid": "1032521", "title": "Collodion baby.", "content": "Collodion baby. The study of 198 collodion babies, 29 personal cases and 169 from the literature was undertaken. The collodion membrane with spontaneously desquamate between the 15th day and 3rd month of life. During the neonatal period one third of the infants die due to pulmonary complications or infection. The collodion membrane seems to have an increased permeability. The desquamation is followed by a relapse which leads to different keratinization disorders, most frequently nonbullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032521"}
{"pmid": "1032511", "title": "Toxic epidermal necrolysis - a review.", "content": "Toxic epidermal necrolysis - a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032511"}
{"pmid": "1032510", "title": "Pediatric dermatology: internal and external medicine.", "content": "Pediatric dermatology: internal and external medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032510"}
{"pmid": "1032514", "title": "Familial annular erythema.", "content": "Familial annular erythema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032514"}
{"pmid": "1032513", "title": "Early signs of leprosy in children.", "content": "Early signs of leprosy in children. Leprosy in children is more frequent than generally thought. Diagnosis is not easily made because early signs of the diseases are overlooked. Statistic data from the Dermatologic Clinic Pascua of Mexico City reveal that early signs are cutaneous in 67%  of cases: hypochromic and anesthetic infiltration, nodules, and alopecia of eyebrows and eyelashes. Neurological symptoms such as anesthesis, facial paralysis, thickening of nerves and trophic problems are present in 19.3% of cases. The nose mucosae are congested in 9.2% of cases. Systemic manifestations may be present in 4% of cases. Examination of contacts living with lepromatous patients is stressed as the best way to discover the early signs of the disease. Dermatological consultation in  general and pediatric hospitals is also recommended. If diagnosis is delayed, leprosy can induce physical, psychological and social disabilitation of the patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032513"}
{"pmid": "1032524", "title": "Urinary esterase activity of patients with atopic dermatitis and effects of t-AMCHA on it.", "content": "Urinary esterase activity of patients with atopic dermatitis and effects of t-AMCHA on it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032524"}
{"pmid": "1032515", "title": "Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis.", "content": "Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032515"}
{"pmid": "1032512", "title": "Progeria in childhood with description of a new progeroid syndrome displaying gross Fabry-like changes in heart, great vessels and kidneys.", "content": "Progeria in childhood with description of a new progeroid syndrome displaying gross Fabry-like changes in heart, great vessels and kidneys.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032512"}
{"pmid": "1032520", "title": "Hemangiomas in the epidermal nevus syndrome.", "content": "Hemangiomas in the epidermal nevus syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032520"}
{"pmid": "1032519", "title": "Congenital and non-congenital depigmentation.", "content": "Congenital and non-congenital depigmentation. The hypofunction of melanocytes results in congenital and noncongenital depigmentation. Congenital depigmentation can be further divided into two groups; the first is depigmentation caused by loss of melanization in premelanosomes represented by oculocutaneous albinism; the second group is congenital decrease of melanocytes represented by nevus dipigmentosus. In contrast, acquired progressive depigmentation represented by vitiligo vulgaris and Sutton's leukoderma is characterized by the loss of premelanosome synthesis. The pathogenesis of these three major types of melanogenic defects has been further discussed with the current clinical, biological and immunological view of melanogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032519"}
{"pmid": "1032516", "title": "Disseminate pigmented nevi and short stature.", "content": "Disseminate pigmented nevi and short stature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032516"}
{"pmid": "1032523", "title": "Giant cavernous haemangiomata.", "content": "Giant cavernous haemangiomata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032523"}
{"pmid": "1032525", "title": "The skin and the heart in inherited disease.", "content": "The skin and the heart in inherited disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032525"}
{"pmid": "1032526", "title": "HLA antigens in atopic diseases.", "content": "HLA antigens in atopic diseases. The immunogenetical relationship among atopic diseases was investigated from the point of human major histocompatibility antigen. The relationship between IgE level and HLA antigen was also discussed. (1) Atopic dermatitis had no high frequency in HLA antigens. HLA-B12 in bronchial asthma and HLA-BW40 in allergic rhinitis were frequently found in the population study. (2) No HLA-BW15 was observed in these three diseases. The term called 'disease-resistant antigen' was proposed in this paper. (3) We considered that IgE level is not controled by HLA antigen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032526"}
{"pmid": "1032527", "title": "Light-sensitive dermatoses in children.", "content": "Light-sensitive dermatoses in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032527"}
{"pmid": "1032551", "title": "Contribution of the H reflex to the study of spasticity in adolescents.", "content": "Contribution of the H reflex to the study of spasticity in adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032551"}
{"pmid": "1032554", "title": "Physiotherapy in obstructive airways diseases.", "content": "Physiotherapy in obstructive airways diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032554"}
{"pmid": "1032553", "title": "Blood gases, rational oxygen therapy, air flow limitations.", "content": "Blood gases, rational oxygen therapy, air flow limitations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032553"}
{"pmid": "1032552", "title": "Anatomy of the lung and patterns of structural change in disease.", "content": "Anatomy of the lung and patterns of structural change in disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032552"}
{"pmid": "1032555", "title": "Education and training in the remedial professions.", "content": "Education and training in the remedial professions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032555"}
{"pmid": "1032556", "title": "Thermoplastic collar survey.", "content": "Thermoplastic collar survey.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032556"}
{"pmid": "1032557", "title": "Sports medicine and the physiotherapist.", "content": "Sports medicine and the physiotherapist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032557"}
{"pmid": "1032558", "title": "St James' Hospital NHS Sports Medicine Clinic.", "content": "St James' Hospital NHS Sports Medicine Clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032558"}
{"pmid": "1032559", "title": "Physiotherapists in sport: reflections from America.", "content": "Physiotherapists in sport: reflections from America.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032559"}
{"pmid": "1032560", "title": "Sports medicine in school.", "content": "Sports medicine in school.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032560"}
{"pmid": "1032562", "title": "Testing for fitness.", "content": "Testing for fitness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032562"}
{"pmid": "1032561", "title": "Post-operative management of chronic achilles tendon pain in sportsmen.", "content": "Post-operative management of chronic achilles tendon pain in sportsmen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032561"}
{"pmid": "1032568", "title": "The combined effect of propranolol with bethanidine or methyldopa in hypertension.", "content": "The combined effect of propranolol with bethanidine or methyldopa in hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032568"}
{"pmid": "1032569", "title": "Studies with a new cardioselective beta-blocker, metoprolol.", "content": "Studies with a new cardioselective beta-blocker, metoprolol. These studies indicate that the cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking drug metoprolol might be expected to be at least as effective for the treatment of arterial hypertension as propranolol. The difference in effect on the peripheral vascular bed may be of importance when acute increase of the blood adrenaline level occur, as in severe anxiety states. Experience in long-term studies in all kinds of patients with raised arterial pressure has confirmed that metoprolol is an active antihypertensive agent of similar potency to other beta-blocking agents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032569"}
{"pmid": "1032570", "title": "Dissociation of the renin lowering and antihypertensive actions of propranolol.", "content": "Dissociation of the renin lowering and antihypertensive actions of propranolol. Suppression of renin release by beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs has been advocated as the prime blood pressure lowering mechanism of these agents. The present report casts doubt on this proposition in three ways. In the first study, involving 22 patients with borderline hypertension, patients with elevated plasma renin levels showed normalization of the blood pressure after pharmacological autonomic blockade with intravenous atropine, propranolol and phentolamine, the time course of the pressure fall being such as to exclude suppression of renin release as the antihypertensive mechanism. It is clear that in patients with mild hypertension and high plasma renin levels, the elevation of blood pressure is maintained by a neurogenic mechanism, the elevated plasma renin having no direct role in sustaining the higher blood pressure. In two additional studies involving 21 patients in all with mild to moderately severe essential hypertension, to whom propranolol was administereed by mouth for 1--3 months, two findings were of interest:1) patients with low-renin essential hypertension showed a good antihypertensive response to propranolol, and 2) in some patients a dosedependent dissociation of the renin and blood pressure lowering action of propranolol could be demonstrated. These findings militate against the assumption that propranolol selectively lowers the blood pressure in \"renin-dependent\" hypertension, and strongly suggest that the antihypertensive action of this drug is not mediated by depression of plasma renin activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032570"}
{"pmid": "1032572", "title": "The effect of prindolol on plasma noradrenaline, plasma renin and sodium-potassium metabolism in patients with essential hypertension.", "content": "The effect of prindolol on plasma noradrenaline, plasma renin and sodium-potassium metabolism in patients with essential hypertension. The chronic administration of prindolol in patients with essential hypertension resulted in the following: 1) a significant decrease in blood pressure and heart rate (with only the exception of the unchanged diastolic blood pressure after the stimulus of the seven-minute standing period), 2) a significant decrease of plasma noradrenaline concentrativn at rest and under orthostatic conditions, 3) a significant decrease of PRC at rest and an even more pronounced suppression of PRA after the stimulus of upright posture, 4)a significant decrease in total exchangeable sodium and 5) a concomitant significant increase in total body potassium even with an increase in body weight. These findings are not subject to easy interpretation. In particular, we cannot conclude which of the changed parameters plays the initial role in lowering blood pressure. A working hypothesis might presume that beta blocking agents inhibit central and/or peripheral sympathetic nervous activity. The results reduction in plasma renin concentration would in turn lead to a drop in aldosterone secretion rate indicated by the increase in potassium and decrease in sodiummour data would support such a sequence of events.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032572"}
{"pmid": "1032576", "title": "A new method for rapid identification of influenza virus isolates.", "content": "A new method for rapid identification of influenza virus isolates. With the use of bacteria sensitized by influenza virus strain-specific antisera, virus isolates can be identified rapidly. One drop of virus suspension is mixed with one drop of sensitized bacteria on a slide that is then agitated; reaction occurs within 10 minutes. The test is subtype-specific. The mehod is based on the fact that the cell wall of the Cowan type 1 strain of Staphylococcus aureus contains abundant quantities of an antigen, known as protein A, that reacts with the IgG molecule by binding it in such a manner that the antibody-combining sites remain free. If an antigen homologous to the antibody coated on the surface of the bacteria is added to the suspension of sensitized staphylococci, agglutination occurs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032576"}
{"pmid": "1032577", "title": "Management of maple syrup urine disease in Canada. Committee for improvement of Hereditary Disease Management.", "content": "Management of maple syrup urine disease in Canada. Committee for improvement of Hereditary Disease Management. Nine patients with classic maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) and four with variant forms are under care at five treatment centres in the network affiliated with the National Food Distribution Centre for the Treatment of Hereditary Metabolic Diseases (the \"Food Bank\"). Diagnosis was made by clinicians and not from mass screening programs. MSUD requires complex emergency treatment to prevent severe neurologic damage, but effective management is compatible with normal growth and development. Long-term treatment requires continuous monitoring of the response to diets restricted in branched-chain amino acids; semisynthetic diet products free of branched-chain amino acids, provided by the Food Bank, are essential. Centralized treatment programs reduce the cost of treatment and maximize the potential benefits. The leucine requirement for adequate somatic growth during infancy in MSUD was found to be 200 to 600 mg/d; this range is lower than that estimated for infants with an intact leucine catabolic outflow pathway. The requirements for isoleucine and valine in infancy were also found to be lower than published values for normal infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032577"}
{"pmid": "1032579", "title": "Echocardiographic features of an unusual case of aortic valve endocarditis.", "content": "Echocardiographic features of an unusual case of aortic valve endocarditis. In a patient with aortic valve endocarditis a myocardial abscess, complete heart block and acute aortic regurgitation developed. Echocardiography gave evidence of large aortic valve vegetations, and at operation vegetations were found to have destroyed the right coronary cusp and part of the noncoronary cusp. Following surgery the patient recovered. Echocardiography may prove to be a useful noninvasive technique to aid in the timing of surgical therapy in patients with valvular vegetations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032579"}
{"pmid": "1032578", "title": "Failure of acetylmethadol in treatment of narcotic addicts due to nonpharmacologic factors.", "content": "Failure of acetylmethadol in treatment of narcotic addicts due to nonpharmacologic factors. Acetylmethadol, a new narcotic substitute, has a longer duration of action than methadone. Seventeen subjects, former heroin users currently under methadone treatment, entered a study of the toxicity and efficacy of this drug. Only nine subjects completed the assessment phase of the study and began the acetylmethadol phase, and only one completed the 8-week study phase. Hence, no conclusions can be drawn about acetylmethadol's efficacy. The high attrition rate was unrelated to pharmacologic factors; the subjects were concerned that if this drug was effective there would be no methadone to take home and hence no opportunity to trade, sell or \"play with\" (that is, combine with other drugs) the latter. This study emphasizes the difficulty in determining the efficacy of specific drug treatments for opiate-dependent patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032578"}
{"pmid": "1032580", "title": "The golden years: CMA senior members look at the joys and problems of retirement.", "content": "The golden years: CMA senior members look at the joys and problems of retirement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032580"}
{"pmid": "1032581", "title": "So you saved in an RRSP; how about spending it?", "content": "So you saved in an RRSP; how about spending it?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032581"}
{"pmid": "1032583", "title": "Hereditary metabolic disease in Canada.", "content": "Hereditary metabolic disease in Canada.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032583"}
{"pmid": "1032582", "title": "The swine influenza vaccination program.", "content": "The swine influenza vaccination program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032582"}
{"pmid": "1032584", "title": "The child with recurrent abdominal pain.", "content": "The child with recurrent abdominal pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032584"}
{"pmid": "1032585", "title": "Treatment of diabetes in psychogeriatric patients.", "content": "Treatment of diabetes in psychogeriatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032585"}
{"pmid": "1032587", "title": "Health manpower statistics.", "content": "Health manpower statistics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032587"}
{"pmid": "1032586", "title": "Taeniasis in southern Alberta, 1894-1900.", "content": "Taeniasis in southern Alberta, 1894-1900.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032586"}
{"pmid": "1032588", "title": "Physician manpower requirements.", "content": "Physician manpower requirements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032588"}
{"pmid": "1032589", "title": "Practical guidelines for assessing patients positive for hepatitis B surface antigen.", "content": "Practical guidelines for assessing patients positive for hepatitis B surface antigen. In assessing the patient the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) the physician must decide on the basis of physical findings, results of laboratory tests and biopsy, when indicated, whether the patient is an asymptomatic carrier or has acute or chronic hepatitis. Asymptomatic carriers of HBsAg must be educated in personal hygiene and the possibility of transmission, should not be allowed to donate blood or breast-feed and should not work with blood products for human use or pharmaceutical products designated for intravenous use. However, it is otherwise not necessary to advise these individuals to change their profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032589"}
{"pmid": "1032590", "title": "Feasibility of routine testing for hepatitis B surface antigen in hospital employees and restriction of carriers.", "content": "Feasibility of routine testing for hepatitis B surface antigen in hospital employees and restriction of carriers. In 1972-73, 48 hospital staff members were tested selectively for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg); 4 (8.3%) were found to be HBsAg-positive. In 1974-75, 1415 staff members were tested routinely before employment and at periodic health examination; 25 (1.8%) were found to be HBsAg-positive. Of the HBsAg-positive staff members 55.2% were Asians, this proportion being significantly (P less than 0.05) greater than that of any other ethnic group, and 31.0% were southern Europeans. Nurses and laboratory technologists were the largest professional groups among the HBsAg-positive staff, each accounting for 20.7%. Our results indicate that it is impractical to carry out routine testing of hospital staff for HBsAg. Selective testing and restriction from work in their units is proposed for staff of the renal and peritoneal dialysis units, the emergency department and the intravenous team and dietary staff who handle food directly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032590"}
{"pmid": "1032591", "title": "Detection of core antibody in hepatitis B infection.", "content": "Detection of core antibody in hepatitis B infection. Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) is found on the decoated Dane particle and on a morphologically similar particle detected mainly in the nucleus of hepatocytes of patients with hepatitis B. HBcAg prepared from the liver of a chimpanzee infected with hepatitis B virus was used to test human serum for core antibody (anti-HBc) by complement fixation. Anti-HBc was found in serum collected from patients with hepatitis B in both the acute and convalescent stages, from carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and from patients with chronic liver or renal disease who were carriers of HBsAg. It was not found in patients with hepatitis A or infectious mononucleosis, or in healthy persons who were not carriers of HBsAg.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032591"}
{"pmid": "1032602", "title": "Teratoma of the ligamentum teres of the liver--a case report.", "content": "Teratoma of the ligamentum teres of the liver--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032602"}
{"pmid": "1032603", "title": "A case of sideroblastic anemia.", "content": "A case of sideroblastic anemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032603"}
{"pmid": "1032595", "title": "Pituitary and adrenal influences upon spontaneous contractions of uterine horns isolated from ovariectomized or natural estrus rats.", "content": "Pituitary and adrenal influences upon spontaneous contractions of uterine horns isolated from ovariectomized or natural estrus rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032595"}
{"pmid": "1032604", "title": "Ophthalmic angiography of malignant exophthalmos.", "content": "Ophthalmic angiography of malignant exophthalmos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032604"}
{"pmid": "1032605", "title": "A right subclavian artery as the last branch of the aortic arch.", "content": "A right subclavian artery as the last branch of the aortic arch.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032605"}
{"pmid": "1032606", "title": "Incidence of peripheral arterial disease in patients of ischaemic heart disease in India.", "content": "Incidence of peripheral arterial disease in patients of ischaemic heart disease in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032606"}
{"pmid": "1032607", "title": "Preliminary report on electric evaluation of implanted pacemaker impulse by high speed oscilloscope.", "content": "Preliminary report on electric evaluation of implanted pacemaker impulse by high speed oscilloscope.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032607"}
{"pmid": "1032608", "title": "Perhexiline maleate in angina pectoris.", "content": "Perhexiline maleate in angina pectoris.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032608"}
{"pmid": "1032599", "title": "Oxidative and glicolytic metabolism of the frontal cortex (latero-frontal) and of the posterior cortex (latero-occipital) in relation with the sexual activity of the rat.", "content": "Oxidative and glicolytic metabolism of the frontal cortex (latero-frontal) and of the posterior cortex (latero-occipital) in relation with the sexual activity of the rat. The authors of this paper have ascertained the glycolytic metabolism and the oxidative metabolism (intake of QO2), of the frontal and posterior cortex in female rats at different stages of the sexual cycle, as also in ovariectomized animals, by the intake of glucose and the production of lactates. The results indicate a statistically significant increase of the oxidative metabolism of the posterior cortex (latero-occipital) in the estrual and proestrual phases, in comparisons with the diestral phase. The frontal cortex (latero-frontal) did not show any significant difference; moreover, the glycolitic metabolism did not alter in any of the tissues under observation. These findings, seem to suggest possible participation of the posterior cortex (latero-occipital) on the regulation of sexual cycle of the rat. The activation of this cortex occurs through the preponderant imbricantion of the tri-carboxylic acid cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032599"}
{"pmid": "1032609", "title": "Primary drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis.", "content": "Primary drug resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032609"}
{"pmid": "1032610", "title": "Therapeutic problems in the management of giant-sized mediastinal tumours.", "content": "Therapeutic problems in the management of giant-sized mediastinal tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032610"}
{"pmid": "1032598", "title": "Serum luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone and prolactin in neonatal-androgenized rats.", "content": "Serum luteinizing hormone follicle-stimulating hormone and prolactin in neonatal-androgenized rats. Serum levels of LH, FSH, Prolactin and Testosterone of 90 days old male rats androgenized soon after birth were determined by specific radioimmunoassay and were compared to untreated rats. LH and FSH levels were also determined in 90 days old female rats neo-natally treated with testosterone and compared with normal diestrus rats. Androgenization of male rats significantly increased serum FSH and Prolactin levels without producing changes in plasma LH and testosterone concentrations. Similar increase in the FSH levels were found in androgenized female rats although plasma FSH concentrations were lower than in the male groups. These results obtained in male rats give an additional evidence that androgens acting in the first days of life are responsible of the higher levels of FSH and Prolactin that characterize the male or tonic pattern of gonadotrophin secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032598"}
{"pmid": "1032611", "title": "Percutaneous needle biopsy of the lung: diagnostic cogitability and inherent changes.", "content": "Percutaneous needle biopsy of the lung: diagnostic cogitability and inherent changes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032611"}
{"pmid": "1032612", "title": "Benign superior vena caval obstruction.", "content": "Benign superior vena caval obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032612"}
{"pmid": "1032613", "title": "Primary mesothelioma of the pericardium.", "content": "Primary mesothelioma of the pericardium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032613"}
{"pmid": "1032614", "title": "Gastric allergy to rifampicin.", "content": "Gastric allergy to rifampicin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032614"}
{"pmid": "1032601", "title": "Human chorionic somatommamotropin (HCS) and pregnancy. Its relation with insulin.", "content": "Human chorionic somatommamotropin (HCS) and pregnancy. Its relation with insulin. Plasma HCS levels have been measured in normal and pathological pregnant women. In the normal group HCS levels increased from 6--8 weeks till 33-34 weeks and then felt significantly. HCS pattern in prediabetic and chemical diabetic pregnant women was similar to the normal group. However HCS levels in chemical diabetics were significantly higher during the first two trimesters. HCS levels increased in twin pregnancy, diminished in cases of eclampsia, hypertension, fetal growth retardation, mole and blighted ovum, and disappeared after intrauterine death. Nothing could be deduced from the obese and Rh-isoimmunization groups. It is confirmed the value of HCS determination as an index of placental maturation. Also, insulin/HCS ratio may be of some aid in the study of carbohydrate intolerance in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032601"}
{"pmid": "1032615", "title": "Metronidazole in tropical eosinophillia: a phase II trial.", "content": "Metronidazole in tropical eosinophillia: a phase II trial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032615"}
{"pmid": "1032616", "title": "The urban malaria problem in Tamilnadu State.", "content": "The urban malaria problem in Tamilnadu State.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032616"}
{"pmid": "1032617", "title": "Electrocardiographic changes in cerebrovascular accidents.", "content": "Electrocardiographic changes in cerebrovascular accidents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032617"}
{"pmid": "1032618", "title": "Glycosaminoglycan content of normal human neonatal aorta.", "content": "Glycosaminoglycan content of normal human neonatal aorta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032618"}
{"pmid": "1032619", "title": "Surveiliance of intestinal amoebiasis and its treatment over a period of 3 years with metronidazole in an institution.", "content": "Surveiliance of intestinal amoebiasis and its treatment over a period of 3 years with metronidazole in an institution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032619"}
{"pmid": "1032620", "title": "Routine management of acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Routine management of acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032620"}
{"pmid": "1032621", "title": "A study of serum iron and total iron binding capacity in hepatic cirrhosis.", "content": "A study of serum iron and total iron binding capacity in hepatic cirrhosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032621"}
{"pmid": "1032622", "title": "Iodide myxoedema simulating filariasis.", "content": "Iodide myxoedema simulating filariasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032622"}
{"pmid": "1032624", "title": "Thiamine absorption in the rat. IV. Effects of caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) upon absorption and active transport of thiamine.", "content": "Thiamine absorption in the rat. IV. Effects of caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) upon absorption and active transport of thiamine. The effects upon thiamine absorption in-vitro and in-vivo by caffeic acid (a thiamine antagonist isolated from bracken) was studied, partly using 14C-thiamine. It was again shown that caffeic acid reduced the quantity of thiochrome positive thiamine, dependant upon the concentration ratio caffeic acid/thiamine. Caffeic acid was able to pass across the intestinal wall and to exert its antithiamine effect in the serosal incubation fluid. When caffeic acid was present in the mucosal fluid the amount of thiochrome positive thiamine passed to the serosal side was diminished according to the mucosal caffeic acid concentration. In-vitro studies with 14C-thiamine revealed, however, that thiamine modified and turned into a thiochrome negative form by caffeic acid was absorbed similarly to unaffected thiamine. Active transport in-vitro of thiamine was significantly inhibited by the presence of caffeic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032624"}
{"pmid": "1032625", "title": "Antithiamine effect of coffee.", "content": "Antithiamine effect of coffee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032625"}
{"pmid": "1032627", "title": "Enzymatic microassay of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate using L-tyrosine apodecarboxylase and L-(1-14C) tyrosine.", "content": "Enzymatic microassay of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate using L-tyrosine apodecarboxylase and L-(1-14C) tyrosine. A microassay for pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) is described, which incorporates both the enzymatic and radioisotopic techniques. The method is based upon the stoichiometric decarboxylation of L-(1-14C) tyrosine by L-tyrosine apodecarboxylase and PLP. This method is an extensive modification of the ones reported by us previously, the main features of this present method being the ease of preparation of the enzyme extract and the substrate, elimination of the preincubation period and shortening of the 14CO2-trapping step. The assay as described here is rapid, highly sensitive and specific.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032627"}
{"pmid": "1032626", "title": "Isolation, partial characterisation of antithiamine factor present in rice-bran and its effect on TPP-transketolase system and Staphylococcus aureus.", "content": "Isolation, partial characterisation of antithiamine factor present in rice-bran and its effect on TPP-transketolase system and Staphylococcus aureus. 1. A light yellow viscous oily antithiamine compound designated as Compound X was isolated from rice-bran and it was composed of three components--glucose, a yellow viscous oily substance (Fraction A) and a reddish brown amorphous substance (Fraction B). 2. 1 mg of Compound X inactivated 3.5 microgram of thiamine hydrochloride whereas 1 mg of Fraction A inactivated 26.5 microgram of thiamine hydrochloride. Fraction B had no antithiamine activity. 3. Fraction A was partially characterised as benzene nucleus with ortho dihydroxyl groups, one methyl group and a side chain containing hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups. 4. Compound X as well as Fraction A inhibited the utilisation of ribose-5-phosphate by TPP-TK system of human erythrocyte hemolysate and the growth of Staphylococcus aureus was retarded by these compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032626"}
{"pmid": "1032628", "title": "Erythrocyte glutathione metabolism in cobalt-deficient goats.", "content": "Erythrocyte glutathione metabolism in cobalt-deficient goats. Cobalt deficiency was produced in goats by feeding them rhode grass hay. The deficient animals excreted increased amounts of methyl malonic acid in their urine, indicating a lack of vitamin B12. Erythrocyte reduced glutathione levels increased with the onset of anemia. There was a concomitant increase in the levels of erythrocyte glutathione reductase (GSSG NADPH Reductase) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH:H2O2 peroxidase)during deficiency. These results are compared with similar observations reported for vitamin B12 deficiency in humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032628"}
{"pmid": "1032629", "title": "Ascorbic acid synthesis in certain guinea pigs.", "content": "Ascorbic acid synthesis in certain guinea pigs. Three guinea pigs fed a vitamin C-free diet manifested no symptoms of scurvy even after 4-8 months, normally increased in body weight and excreted quantities of ascorbic acid in urine far exceeding the total body pool of ascorbic acid. The course of healing subsequent to experimental trauma in one of these animals proved to be entirely normal and vitamin C concentration in its liver after 8 months of a scorbutogenic regimen was found to be more than twice that in guinea pigs with a daily intake of 10 mg ascorbic acid. It is evident that certain guinea pigs are capable to synthesize ascorbic acid that fully covers the needs of the organism. However, the freqency of occurence of such guinea pigs appears to be extremely small.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032629"}
{"pmid": "1032630", "title": "In vivo acylation of triglycerides and phosphoglycerides of liver subcellular fractions with palmitate-1-14C in rats fed vitamin A.", "content": "In vivo acylation of triglycerides and phosphoglycerides of liver subcellular fractions with palmitate-1-14C in rats fed vitamin A. Incorporation of palmitate-1-14C into liver and its mitochondrial, and microsomal triglycerides and phosphoglycerides of rats fed 100000 I.U. of vitamin A for two days has been studied. Feeding of vitamin A significantly increased triglycerides in liver and its mitochondrial, microsomal and supernatant fractions as compared to the controls. A significant increase in total phospholipids and phosphatidyl choline was noted in liver mitochondrial and microsomal fractions of vitamin A fed rats. The incorporation of palmitate-1-14C (counts/min/liver) into triglycerides of liver mitochondrial, microsomal and supernatant fractions of vitamin A fed rats was significantly higher, whereas in phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl choline it was not significantly different from the controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032630"}
{"pmid": "1032631", "title": "Effect of vitamin E deficiency on the level of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and lipid peroxide in rat liver.", "content": "Effect of vitamin E deficiency on the level of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and lipid peroxide in rat liver. The activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and xanthine oxidase were simultaneously studied in vitamin-E deficient and -supplemented rat liver and also measured the lipid peroxide content in liver. The lipid peroxide content of vitamin E-deficient rat liver, estimated by thiobarbituric acid, increased as compared with that of vitamin E-supplemented rat liver. No marked changes of activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were observed, but the activity of xanthine oxidase which is strong superoxide generator increased in vitamin E-deficient rat liver. These results suggest that vitamin E prevents the accumulation of lipid peroxide, but not controls the level of peroxide scavenging system such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032631"}
{"pmid": "1032632", "title": "Studies on the intestinal hydrolysis of tocopheryl esters.", "content": "Studies on the intestinal hydrolysis of tocopheryl esters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032632"}
{"pmid": "1032633", "title": "Vitamin E tolerance test in various gastrointestinal disorders.", "content": "Vitamin E tolerance test in various gastrointestinal disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032633"}
{"pmid": "1032634", "title": "Dose - response relationship between warfarin and the metabolism of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in man.", "content": "Dose - response relationship between warfarin and the metabolism of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032634"}
{"pmid": "1032635", "title": "Vitamin A and congenital malformations.", "content": "Vitamin A and congenital malformations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032635"}
{"pmid": "1032636", "title": "The relation of impaired vitamin A and E tolerance to fat absorption in biliary diversion.", "content": "The relation of impaired vitamin A and E tolerance to fat absorption in biliary diversion. Eleven patients have been studied after cholecystectomy with exploration of the common bile duct (CBD) and insertion of a T tube for free biliary drainage. Prior to clamping the T tube no significant rise was seen above fasting serum vitamin A and E, or serum triglyceride levels after 6 of the patients had been given these substances in a liquid test meal. In addition no rise in fasting vitamin E levels was seen after 3 subjects had been loaded for 4 days with 0.5 g DL alpha-tocopherol acetate/day. Faecal fat collections performed on 9 subjects indicated that over 70% of the ingested fat was absorbed. All these findings returned to normal when the T tube was clamped and the intraluminal flow of bile re-established. We conclude that deficiency of bile may allow the absorption of fat in the absence of fat soluble vitamins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032636"}
{"pmid": "1032637", "title": "A method for the estimation of the vitamin A status of rats.", "content": "A method for the estimation of the vitamin A status of rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032637"}
{"pmid": "1032638", "title": "Prolonged tests with retinoic acid as a source of vitamin A for rats.", "content": "Prolonged tests with retinoic acid as a source of vitamin A for rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032638"}
{"pmid": "1032639", "title": "Distribution of H3-tocopherol in rat tissues and subcellular particles.", "content": "Distribution of H3-tocopherol in rat tissues and subcellular particles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032639"}
{"pmid": "1032640", "title": "Some aspects of steroidogenesis in the vitamin E deficient rat.", "content": "Some aspects of steroidogenesis in the vitamin E deficient rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032640"}
{"pmid": "1032641", "title": "Paracetamol hepatotoxicity and vitamin E.", "content": "Paracetamol hepatotoxicity and vitamin E.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032641"}
{"pmid": "1032643", "title": "Lipoperoxides in organs of vitamin E deficient rats fed large amounts of highly unsaturated fats.", "content": "Lipoperoxides in organs of vitamin E deficient rats fed large amounts of highly unsaturated fats. Rats were fed diets containing 10% cod liver oil with and without a supplement of tocopherol acetate for 32 weeks. The determination of peroxides in lipid extracts of adipose tissue, liver, heart and skeletal muscle by different methods was attempted. High amounts of peroxides were found only in adipose tissue of vitamin E deficient animals. Small values were found in other tissues of both groups. The problem whether the organs contain true lipoperoxides, or some other substances are responsible for the peroxide estimates, is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032643"}
{"pmid": "1032642", "title": "Vitamin E--selenium interactions.", "content": "Vitamin E--selenium interactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032642"}
{"pmid": "1032644", "title": "Epidemiology of anthrax.", "content": "Epidemiology of anthrax.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032644"}
{"pmid": "1032645", "title": "Chemoprophylaxis in chronic bronchitis.", "content": "Chemoprophylaxis in chronic bronchitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032645"}
{"pmid": "1032646", "title": "Diabetes and infection.", "content": "Diabetes and infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032646"}
{"pmid": "1032647", "title": "Experimental and clinical pharmacology of metampicillin in the biliary tract.", "content": "Experimental and clinical pharmacology of metampicillin in the biliary tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032647"}
{"pmid": "1032649", "title": "Scientific research freedom.", "content": "Scientific research freedom.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032649"}
{"pmid": "1032648", "title": "Penetration of ampicillin into brain of rats with chronic renal failure.", "content": "Penetration of ampicillin into brain of rats with chronic renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032648"}
{"pmid": "1032650", "title": "Effect of micellization on rate of cupric-ion-promoted hydrolysis of dicarboxylic acid hemiesters.", "content": "Effect of micellization on rate of cupric-ion-promoted hydrolysis of dicarboxylic acid hemiesters. The effect of micellar sodium lauryl sulfate on the rate of cupric-ion-promoted hydrolysis of some dicarboxylic acid hemiesters was investigated at pH 5, ionic strength 0.1 M, and 40, 45, and 50 degrees. The rate of cupric-ion-promoted hydrolysis of sodium n-decyloxalate in the micellar phase is about 50 times as fast as that in the bulk solution. The formation constant of the intermediate chelate complex, cupric decyl oxalate, was decreased in the micellar phase, while the rate of attack of hydroxide ion upon the chelate complex was increased. The overall rate increase is attributed to the increase in the entropy of activation for the reaction in the micellar phase. The rates of hydrolysis of sodium hydrocortisone 21-hemisuccinate and sodium hydrocortisone 21-hemi-(3,3-dimethylglutarate) were unaffected by copper ion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032650"}
{"pmid": "1032651", "title": "Optimally predictive in vitro drug dissolution testing for in vivo bioavailability.", "content": "Optimally predictive in vitro drug dissolution testing for in vivo bioavailability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032651"}
{"pmid": "1032652", "title": "Subnanogram assay for pilocarpine in biological fluids.", "content": "Subnanogram assay for pilocarpine in biological fluids. A method for the determination of pilocarpine was developed in which the imidazole ring of pilocarpine was acylated with heptafluorobutyric anhydride, using triethylamine as a catalyst. After cleanup, the pilocarpine derivative was analyzed using GLC with electron-capture detection. The limit of sensitivity was 25-50 pg of pilocarpine, which had been subjected to the derivatization and cleanup procedures. The method was specific for pilocarpine, with the isopilocarpine derivative eluting prior to the pilocarpine derivative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032652"}
{"pmid": "1032653", "title": "Circular dichroism spectra of tetracycline complexes with Mg+2 and Ca+2.", "content": "Circular dichroism spectra of tetracycline complexes with Mg+2 and Ca+2. The study of Ca+2 and Mg+2 complexes of tetracycline in buffered solution was undertaken to determine their stoichiometry and the chelation sites. Circular dichroism was used to follow complex formation. Modified tetracyclines, in which potential complexation sites were blocked, were used to determine the participation of particular sites in complexation. Calcium formed a 2:1 metal-ion to ligand complex, while the magnesium complex formed at a 1:1 ratio. Formation of the calcium complex involved addition of one metal ion to the C-10, C-11 site with subsequent addition of a second metal ion at the C-12, C-1 site. The magnesium chelate occurred at the C-11, C-12 beta-diketone site.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032653"}
{"pmid": "1032654", "title": "N-Halo derivatives IV: Synthesis of low chlorine potential soft N-chloramine systems.", "content": "N-Halo derivatives IV: Synthesis of low chlorine potential soft N-chloramine systems. A number of low chlorine potential, soft N-chloramines containing nitrogen-chlorine bonds of different polarity were prepared. These novel N-chloramine systems were based on derivatization of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032654"}
{"pmid": "1032655", "title": "N-Halo derivatives VI: Microbiological and chemical evaluations of 3-chloro-2-oxazolidinones.", "content": "N-Halo derivatives VI: Microbiological and chemical evaluations of 3-chloro-2-oxazolidinones. Comparative antimicrobial activity of 3-chloro-2-oxazolidinone (I), 3-chloro-4-methyl-2-oxazolidinone (II), 3-chloro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolidinone (III), and N-chlorosuccinimide (IV) was evaluated in aqueous buffers in the absence and presence of 5% horse serum. All four compounds had similar bactericidal activity in the absence of horse serum, but I and III had superior activity relative to IV when serum was present. Compound III was considerably more stable with respect ot loss of positive chlorine and bactericidal activity than I and II when stored in 0.1 M sodium dihydrogen phosphate buffered to pH 7.0 at 40 degrees. Thus, III is potentially the most useful bactericidal agent of those evaluated. The chlorine potentials of I, II, and III, the rate constants for transfer of positive chlorine from I and III to morpholine in aqueous solutions, and the hydrolytic stabilities of I and III with respect to loss of positive chlorine were evaluated. These data, together with previously calculated data for IV, are used to rationalize the observed bactericidal activities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032655"}
{"pmid": "1032656", "title": "Effect of storage at specified temperature and humidity on properties of three directly compressible tablet formulations.", "content": "Effect of storage at specified temperature and humidity on properties of three directly compressible tablet formulations. Direct compression tablets containing sodium starch glycolate, an alginate derivative, or povidone as a disintegrant, magnesium stearate as a lubricant, amaranth as a tracer, and dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate as the matrix were stored for 30 days at 23 degrees and 75% relative humidity (R.H.), 45 degrees and 75% R.H., and 65 degrees and 40% R.H. Samples were evaluated after 0, 10, 20, and 30 days for size, hardness, and dissolution characteristics. Although no significant changes in the dimensions or hardness of the three tablet formulations, prepared at three different compaction pressures, were observed, the dissolution efficiency of the systems showed significant changes, some systems dissolving more rapidly and some more slowly after storage. In some cases, the changes were so substantial as to indicate the possibility of significant changes of the bioavailability of drugs formulated in such systems. The relevance of this work to the problem of evaluating aging effects on the physical properties of tablets is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032656"}
{"pmid": "1032657", "title": "Disaggregation of compressed tablets.", "content": "Disaggregation of compressed tablets. Tablets of dibasic calcium phosphate containing varying proportions of intra- to extragranular maize starch were prepared at three compaction pressures. The surface area generated per tablet after 10 and 30 min of disintegration was measured with an automated counter by a new technique. The optimum starch combination that produced the maximum surface area in a tablet formulation was either 2.5% intra-12.5% extragranular or 15% intragranular starch alone. The distribution of starch did not affect the resultant strength of the tablets, and maximum generation of surface area was achieved by compacting the tablets at as low a pressure as practical.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032657"}
{"pmid": "1032658", "title": "Dissolution characteristics and oral absorption of digitoxin and digoxin coprecipitates.", "content": "Dissolution characteristics and oral absorption of digitoxin and digoxin coprecipitates. A marked increase in the dissolution rates od digitoxin and digoxin was attained by dispersing the drugs in two inert solid carriers, poloxamer 188 and deoxycholic acid. The 1 and 10% (w/w) drug-carrier solid dispersions were prepared by the solvent method. The former dissolved significantly faster than the latter. The oral administration of 10% (w/w) digitoxin-carrier coprecipitates to mice significantly increased toxicity. This observed increase is attributed to an increase in the rate and, possibly, the extent of oral absorption of the drug. Although a 10% coprecipitate of digoxin in both carriers showed an increase in the dissolution rate, no increase in oral toxicity was observed. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that both digitoxin and deoxycholic acid undergo crystalline modifications due to treatment by the solvent, but the exact nature of the drug-carrier solid dispersions was not revealed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032658"}
{"pmid": "1032659", "title": "Electrochemical evidence for interaction between chlorpromazine hydrochloride and trifluoperazine hydrochloride and the flavin coenzymes.", "content": "Electrochemical evidence for interaction between chlorpromazine hydrochloride and trifluoperazine hydrochloride and the flavin coenzymes. Polarographic and chronopotentiometric methods were applied to study the effects of the phenothiazine tranquilizers chlorpromazine hydrochloride and trifluoperazine hydrochloride on the electrochemical behavior of the flavin coenzymes flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide. The effects of the drugs were measured mainly by decreases in the diffusion currents, id, developed in the polarographic experiments and by a similar decrease in the chronopotentiometric constant, ior1/2, in the chronopotentiometric experiments when the coenzymes were reduced in the presence of the added drugs. The observed interference with the redox properties of the coenzymes could conceivably be related to the reported ability of the drugs to inhibit respiration and produce their tranquilizing effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032659"}
{"pmid": "1032662", "title": "Dissolution of two-component solids.", "content": "Dissolution of two-component solids. The dissolution rates of compressed two-component mixtures were investigated. A good correlation between the composition of the solid and its observed dissolution rate was demonstrated by regression analysis. A model for dissolution was applied to compressed mixtures of aspirin-salicylic acid, aspirin-phenacetin, phenacetin-caffeine, and aspirin and caffeine (the last mixture complexes in solution).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032662"}
{"pmid": "1032660", "title": "Fluorometric determination of trifluoromethyl-substituted 2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)indoles in biological materials.", "content": "Fluorometric determination of trifluoromethyl-substituted 2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)indoles in biological materials. Interest in the 5-, 6-, and 7-trifluoromethyl-substituted 2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)indoles as potent, orally active anti-inflammatory agents required a method for their determination in serum, urine, and feces to permit studies of their absorption, metabolism, and excretion. A simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific procedure was developed based on an ethyl acetate extraction of alkaline specimens and subsequent fluorometric analysis of ethanolic solutions of the extract residues. The method is sensitive to 0.1 microgram/ml, 0.5 microgram/ml, and 0.7 microgram/100 mg of these compounds in serum, urine, and feces, respectively. Overall mean recoveries and standard deviations of the 5-, 6-, and 7-trifluoromethyl-substituted compounds from biological samples were 102.2 +/- 3.0, 102.2 +/- 5.4, and 100.5 +/- 5.7%, respectively. The procedure was applied successfully to absorption studies with 2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-(trifluoromethyl)indole in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032660"}
{"pmid": "1032661", "title": "Effect of nonionic surfactants on percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid and sodium salicylate in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide.", "content": "Effect of nonionic surfactants on percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid and sodium salicylate in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide. Fifteen nonionic surfactants, 10% (w/w), were each incorporated into white petrolatum USP ointment base containing 10% (w/w) salicylic acid or 11.6% (w/w) sodium salicylate with 10% (w/w) dimethyl sulfoxide. Percutaneous absorption was determined from blood salicylate levels in New Zealand white rabbits at regular intervals for 8 hr following application of the ointment. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid was increased significantly when sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan trioleate, poloxamer 231, poloxamer 182, polyoxyethylene 4 lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene 2 oleyl ether, or polyoxyl 8 stearate was added to the ointment containing dimethyl sulfoxide, salicylic acid, and white petrolatum. Percutaneous absorption of sodium salicylate was increased significantly when sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monopalmitate, or poloxamer 182 was added to the ointment containing dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium salicylate, and white petrolatum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032661"}
{"pmid": "1032664", "title": "Potentiometric and spectral investigations of anhydrotetracycline and its metal-ion complexes.", "content": "Potentiometric and spectral investigations of anhydrotetracycline and its metal-ion complexes. The interaction of various metal ions with anhydrotetracycline was investigated. A comparison of the UV-visible and fluorescence spectral characteristics of anhydrotetracycline and its metal-ion complexes with a number of modified anhydrotetracyclines in the presence of metal ions suggested that the C-11 oxygen was involved in metal-ion binding. Secondary binding was observed in the A-ring by circular dichroism when the primary site was blocked.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032664"}
{"pmid": "1032665", "title": "Lipid-protein interactions: enhancement of enzyme activity of L-glutamic acid dehydrogenase by nonionic detergents.", "content": "Lipid-protein interactions: enhancement of enzyme activity of L-glutamic acid dehydrogenase by nonionic detergents. Five nonionic detergents enhanced the activity of L-glutamic acid dehydrogenase [L-glutamate:nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidoreductase (deaminating) (EC 1.4.1.3)]. These detergents activated the enzyme toward alpha-ketoglutaric acid reduction, causing a decrease in the sensitivity of the enzyme to allosteric regulation by guanosine 5-triphosphate. There was also a diminution of the enhancing effect of the modifier adenosine 5-diphosphate on the enzyme's L-glutamic acid dehydrogenase activity. These detergents may cause a conformational change in the enzyme, and this change could lead to an increase in the binding of the substrates for the alpha-ketoglutaric acid reduction. Accompanied with this conformational change would be a decrease in the binding of the modifier guanosine 5'-triphosphate, with no concomitant change in the binding of the adenosine 5'-diphosphate modifier.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032665"}
{"pmid": "1032663", "title": "Pharmacology of Quercus infectoria.", "content": "Pharmacology of Quercus infectoria. The galls of Quercus infectoria (Fagaceae), a commonly available plant in Iran, were studied pharmacologically. Two fractions were employed, a dried acetone-treated methanol extract dissolved in water (Fraction A) and a subfraction prepared by chloroform-methanol extraction (Fraction B). Fraction A was active as an analgesic in rats and significantly reduced blood sugar levels in rabbits. Fraction B had CNS depressant activity. Data obtained with a treadmill indicated a decreased activity ratio by Fraction B, suggesting a possible interference in motor coordination. It potentiated the barbiturate sleeping time significantly without changing the onset time or the loss of the righting reflex. In addition, Fraction B exhibited a moderate antitremorine activity by causing a delay in the onset and a decrease in the severity of tremorine-induced tremors. The local anesthetic action of Fraction B was evident due to the complete blockade of the isolated frog sciatic nerve conduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032663"}
{"pmid": "1032666", "title": "High-pressure liquid chromatographic determination of chlorphenesin carbamate and the beta-isomeric carbamate.", "content": "High-pressure liquid chromatographic determination of chlorphenesin carbamate and the beta-isomeric carbamate. A high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay was developed for the determination of chlorphenesin carbamate and its beta-isomeric carbamate. A single 4-mm i.d. X 30-cm column, prepacked with 10 micrometer fully porous silica gel particles, is used with 3% methanol in 50% water-saturated butyl chloride as the mobile phase. The procedure separates chlorphenesin carbamate from several possible impurities in addition to the beta-isomeric carbamate. The assay was applied to bulk drug and compressed tablets. The relative standard deviations for the assays of chlorphenesin carbamate and the beta-isomer are approximately 1 and 2%, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032666"}
{"pmid": "1032667", "title": "Molecular connectivity VII: specific treatment of heteroatoms.", "content": "Molecular connectivity VII: specific treatment of heteroatoms. The molecular connective index, chi, initially designed for hydrocarbons, has been formally extended to molecules containing heteroatoms. The sigma value of the heteroatom is modified to take account of its number of attached hydrogen atoma, sigmaiv = Zv - hi. These values were successfully tested on boiling points and molar refractions. A table of sigmav values is presented for nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine in various bonding situations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032667"}
{"pmid": "1032669", "title": "Mechanistic studies on transcorneal permeation of pilocarpine.", "content": "Mechanistic studies on transcorneal permeation of pilocarpine. The mechanism of corneal pilocarpine penetration was studied in the albino rabbit using radiochemical techniques. The apparent rate and extent of pilocarpine accumulation in the aqueous humor and the various cell layers of the cornea were determined for both intact and abraded eyes. For the first time, drug levels were monitored in the epithelium and stroma-endothelium of the intact cornea using a tissue-scraping technique. In addition, a new postinstillation rinsing method was devised to evaluate the rate of corneal uptake. The results demonstrate a dual role for the corneal epithelium, both as a barrier to drug penetration and as a reservoir for drug in the intact cornea. The transcorneal pilocarpine flux is slower than the data appear to indicate, and previous overestimates of the apparent absorption rate constant are due to parallel elimination processes occurring at the absorption site. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined for each tissue to generate an overall mechanism for corneal permeation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032669"}
{"pmid": "1032668", "title": "Trace analysis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, its glycineamide, and their alkaline hydrolyzable conjugates in mouse blood, urine, and feces.", "content": "Trace analysis of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, its glycineamide, and their alkaline hydrolyzable conjugates in mouse blood, urine, and feces. Chemical methods were developed for the trace analysis of the herbicide 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, its glycineamide, and their alkaline hydrolyzable conjugates in mouse blood, urine, and feces. The salient elements of the methods are extraction of the free acids with benzene, methylation, cleanup on a silica gel column, and quantification via electron-capture GLC. Any unextracted conjugates remaining in the substrates are then subjected to alklaline hydrolysis, and the liberated 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid is assayed. Data are presented concerning recoveries of the compounds from the three spiked substrates. The utility of the procedures is illustrated by a preliminary pharmacolinetic study employing parallel electron-capture GLC and radioassays of the three substrates from mice injected with a single intravenous dose of 14C-2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. GLC characteristics and partition values of the the compounds and hydrolysis of the glycineamide under various conditions also are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032668"}
{"pmid": "1032670", "title": "Correlation of absorption of sulfamethazine boluses with dissolution using a new dissolution apparatus for veterinary tablets.", "content": "Correlation of absorption of sulfamethazine boluses with dissolution using a new dissolution apparatus for veterinary tablets. A rotating-basket apparatus for dissolution testing of veterinary bolus tablets was designed and constructed. Sulfamethazine boluses containing different disintegrating agents were evaluated in vitro and by blood level data following administration to cattle. The dissolution t50 and various pharmacokinetic parameters showed directly compressible starch and carboxymethylstarch to be the most effective disintegrants in the concentrations employed while magnesium aluminum silicate and microcrystalline cellulose were about equal but less effective than the previous disintegrants. A bolus formulation containing no disintegrant gave even less satisfactory results. A correlation was established between the dissolution t50 and the time to peak plasma level and also between the t50 and the area under the plasma-time curve for the first 36 hr.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032670"}
{"pmid": "1032672", "title": "Determination of cyanocobalamin by thermal decomposition of the cyano group using an ion-selective electrode.", "content": "Determination of cyanocobalamin by thermal decomposition of the cyano group using an ion-selective electrode. A method for the simultaneous determination of cyanocobalamin, cobinamide (Factor B), and hydroxocobalamin in the solid state is described. The method is based on heating at 120 degrees for cobinamide and at 140-145 degrees for cyanocobalamin (15-20 min). The cyano content in the sample is distilled as hydrocyanic acid, trapped in 0.1 M potassium nitrate at pH 12-13, and determined by means of the cyanide ion-selective electrode. The error of this method, statistically established, does not exceed +/-3%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032672"}
{"pmid": "1032671", "title": "GLC determination of l-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan in plasma and urine.", "content": "GLC determination of l-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan in plasma and urine. A specific method was developed for the determination of l-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan in plasma and urine by GLC, using flame-ionization detection. The method involves the extraction of the compound into ether from plasma or urine at pH 7.4, followed by back-extraction into 1 N HCl. The acid phase is ether washed and made alkaline, and the compound is reextracted into ether. The ether is evaporated to dryness, the residue is dissolved in methanol, and an aliquot is analyzed by GLC. The same method is applicalble to plasma and urine samples following deconjugation of the compound with glucuronidase-sulfatase. The overall recovery is 93.1 +/- 9.4% SD) in the concentration range of 0.020-2.0 microgram/ml. The method was successfully applied to plasma and urine specimens obtained after administering single 25-mg oral doses to humans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032671"}
{"pmid": "1032673", "title": "Steric inhibition of conjugation in lowest excited singlet state of 9-anthramide by hydrogen bond donor solvents: role of solvent in chemical structure.", "content": "Steric inhibition of conjugation in lowest excited singlet state of 9-anthramide by hydrogen bond donor solvents: role of solvent in chemical structure. 9-Anthramide has electronic absorption and fluorescence spectra that, in water, are similar to those of anthracene. This result is attributed to steric hindrance of the 9-carboxamido group with the peri-hydrogen atoms in the 1- and 8-positions of the anthracene ring. However, in aprotic solvents, although the absorption spectrum of 9-anthramide is anthracene-like, its fluorescence spectrum is red shifted and structureless. This finding is attributed to excited-state rotation of the 9-carboxamido group into coplanarity with the anthracene ring and indicates that, in water, the hydrogen-bonded solvent cage affects the steric inhibition of conjugation in excited 9-anthramide. These findings suggest that studies of structure and reactivity of drugs in nonaqueous or solid matrixes are probably of only limited value, since in the strongly interacting aqueous media the aqueous solvent cage plays a substantial role in determining molecular structure and reactivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032673"}
{"pmid": "1032674", "title": "Effect of variation in compaction force on properties of six direct compression tablet formulations.", "content": "Effect of variation in compaction force on properties of six direct compression tablet formulations. The effect of variation in compaction force on six direct compression tablet matrixes was investigated. An instrumented tablet press allowed direct measurement of applied and ejection forces. Hardness, apparent tablet density, and disintegration times also were determined. The disintegration time of spray-dried lactose tablets was essentially independent of compaction force. However, in the other systems investigated, the properties studied showed varying types of dependence on compaction pressure. A direct compression formula was developed and exhibits a decrease in disintegration time as compaction force is increased.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032674"}
{"pmid": "1032677", "title": "The nature of immunity.", "content": "The nature of immunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032677"}
{"pmid": "1032675", "title": "Influence of steroids and stress on toxicity and disposition of tetraethylammonium bromide.", "content": "Influence of steroids and stress on toxicity and disposition of tetraethylammonium bromide. In female rats, pretreatment with dexamethasone acetate or triamcinolone reduced the toxicity and plasma concentrations of tetraethylammonium bromide while increasing its level in urine. Pretreatment with corticosterone acetate or pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile shared none of these effects. Although starvation or restraint neither diminished the tetraethylammonium bromide concentrations in plasma nor accelerated its urinary excretion, its toxicity was diminished by the stress induced with spinal cord lesions, heat, cold, hydrocortisone, or reserpine as well as starvation or restraint. The protection offered against the toxicant by stress and by the potent glucocorticoids seemed to be mediated, at least partly, via different mechanisms. Stress-induced resistance to tetraethylammonium bromide could not be attributed to elevated plasma corticosterone levels, whereas glucocorticoid-induced resistance could be partially ascribed to increased urinary excretion of the toxicant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032675"}
{"pmid": "1032676", "title": "Determination of the nonnutritive sweetener sodium cyclopentylsulfamate and three of its metabolites, cyclopentylamine, cyclopentanone, and cyclopentanol, in urine of rats and rabbits.", "content": "Determination of the nonnutritive sweetener sodium cyclopentylsulfamate and three of its metabolites, cyclopentylamine, cyclopentanone, and cyclopentanol, in urine of rats and rabbits. The nonnutritive sweetener sodium cyclopentylsulfamate was fed to Wistar albino rats and New Zealand White rabbits. Urine was collected for 3 days after feeding, combined, and examined for the metabolites cyclopentylamine, cyclopentanone, and cyclopentanol and for sodium cyclopentylsulfamate was assayed by hydrolysis in acidified dioxane-water and subsequent measurement of the absorbance of the product formed (lambdamax = 490 nm) by the liberated amine with p-benzoquinone. The average conversion to cyclopentylamine, cyclopentanone, and cyclopentanol was 0.103, 0.171, and 0.054% in the rabbit and 0.057, 0.016, and 0.008% in the rat, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032676"}
{"pmid": "1032678", "title": "Effect of pentagastrin on blood sugar, serum amylase, lipase and calcium in normal control and duodenal ulcer subjects.", "content": "Effect of pentagastrin on blood sugar, serum amylase, lipase and calcium in normal control and duodenal ulcer subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032678"}
{"pmid": "1032679", "title": "A comparative study of central nervous system depressant effects of some of the disubstituted piperazine compounds--part I.", "content": "A comparative study of central nervous system depressant effects of some of the disubstituted piperazine compounds--part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032679"}
{"pmid": "1032680", "title": "Factors influencing the age of menarche.", "content": "Factors influencing the age of menarche.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032680"}
{"pmid": "1032681", "title": "Serum lipoproteins, phospholopid and cholesterol levels in normal children.", "content": "Serum lipoproteins, phospholopid and cholesterol levels in normal children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032681"}
{"pmid": "1032682", "title": "Language of the English-speaking coloured child.", "content": "Language of the English-speaking coloured child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032682"}
{"pmid": "1032683", "title": "A therapy programme for pre-school language impaired children.", "content": "A therapy programme for pre-school language impaired children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032683"}
{"pmid": "1032684", "title": "Mass generalised learning applied to the problem of carry-over in articulation therapy.", "content": "Mass generalised learning applied to the problem of carry-over in articulation therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032684"}
{"pmid": "1032686", "title": "Articulation in apraxia of speech.", "content": "Articulation in apraxia of speech.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032686"}
{"pmid": "1032688", "title": "A filtered speech test for an aging population.", "content": "A filtered speech test for an aging population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032688"}
{"pmid": "1032689", "title": "A comparison of the SISI and the stapedius reflex test in the differential diagnosis of choclear pathology.", "content": "A comparison of the SISI and the stapedius reflex test in the differential diagnosis of choclear pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032689"}
{"pmid": "1032698", "title": "Properties and electron microscopy of a Vigna-virus belonging to the Cucomovirus group.", "content": "Properties and electron microscopy of a Vigna-virus belonging to the Cucomovirus group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032698"}
{"pmid": "1032729", "title": "Hair transplantation. The use of hairbearing compound grafts for correction of alopecia due to chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, traumatic alopecia, and male pattern baldness.", "content": "Hair transplantation. The use of hairbearing compound grafts for correction of alopecia due to chronic discoid lupus erythematosus, traumatic alopecia, and male pattern baldness. In this study 8 patients with alopecia due to chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (CDLE), 10 patients with traumatic alopecia (TA), and 12 patients with male pattern baldness (MPB) were treated with the punch graft method (PGM). Stastistical evaluations of the results and factors influencing the results were careied out. The mean survival rate of hairs was 72% in CDLE, 97% in TA, and 104% in MPB. The mean number of hairs in a 4 mm graft before transplantation in 30 patients and 752 grafts was found to be 18.2. This is far more than the number reported in previous publications concerning PGM owing probably to the difficulties of counting several hairs simultaneously emerging from the same pilary canal when the hair is cut to a length of 1--2mm preoperatively. For this purpose the author has developed a special photographical magnifying system. The number of hairs surviving transplantation in MPB in a 4 mm graft was about 19 hairs per graft, which is superior to previous reports. This is possibly due to some modifications of the procedure made by the author. In a control series done with the same technique as that often seen in the literature, about 50% inferior results were obtained. These results were however similar to those reported in the literature. Consequently the modifications of the procedure have been successful. Only one article with a series of 12 patients with TA treated with PGM was found in the literature. The hair survival results of the author exeeded the reported results by about 100%. The size, hardness, and elevation of the scars of the donor holes were checked statistically after various treatments. It was found that the diameter of the scar is the same regardless of type of treatment but that a signifcantly greater risk of hard and elevated scars is taken if the bald grafts are put back in the donor holes. No complications were seen in this series. PGM is a safe method that gives good hair survival results on transplanted hairs in MPB and TA, but the results vary in CDLE. In spite of the good results with PGM the author emphasizes that, although the therory of the method is simple, both the preoperative judement and the performance with its practical difficulties and many cosmetic problems is complex and requires a lot of psychological insight, practice and experience before correct preoperative judgement and a maximally good cosmetic result can be achieved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032729"}
{"pmid": "1032730", "title": "Micturition in infants and children with normal lower urinary tract. A urodynamic study.", "content": "Micturition in infants and children with normal lower urinary tract. A urodynamic study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032730"}
{"pmid": "1032732", "title": "Effect of insulin on serum lipids in juvenile diabetes.", "content": "Effect of insulin on serum lipids in juvenile diabetes. In diabetic children, the effect on serum lipids of insulin by itself and combined with glucose of with Aminosol + glucose has been studied. The level of serum free fatty acids decreased significantly in every case. The cephalin level decreased under the effect of insulin and insulin + Aminosol, whereas it rose after insulin and glucose infusion. The triglyceride level remained unchanged when insulin was applied by itself, and decreased significantly under the effect of insulin + Aminosol, while it showed a rising tendency after insulin + glucose infusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032732"}
{"pmid": "1032733", "title": "Surveillance of congenital anomalies in Hungary.", "content": "Surveillance of congenital anomalies in Hungary. Surveillance of congenital anomalies has various functions viz. monitoring (to detect clusters as soon as possible), registering (to contribute to medical care and to provide material for scientific research) and informative. The Hungarian Congenital Malformation Register records the occurrence of malformed babies diagnosed from birth to 1 year of age. The Register has 3 sources (obstetricians, paediatricians, pathologists) and has registered since 1971 over 4000 malformed infants annually, an occurrence of over 28%. Validity and completeness of notification depend on the type of malformation. A separate Monitor started on January 1st, 1973, is confined to congenital malformations detectable unequivocally and readily during the first seven days of life. So far four real clusters occurred in Hungary but their causes could not be found. Particular stress has been laid upon multiple malformations (syndromes) since all known teratogens affecting humans produce multiple malformations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032733"}
{"pmid": "1032736", "title": "Abnormal tryptopham metabolism in congenital erythroid hypoplastic (Diamond-Blackfan) anaemia.", "content": "Abnormal tryptopham metabolism in congenital erythroid hypoplastic (Diamond-Blackfan) anaemia. Tryptophan loading was performed in a child with Diamond-Blackfan anaemia as well as in his parents and two control persons. There was a fivefold increase of anthranilic acid and kynurenine excretion beside a marked generalized aminoaciduria in the proband; in the parents and the controls no such phenomenon could be demonstrated. The importance of the finding is discussed and investigation of tryptophan metabolism before the first blood transfusion is recommended. The finding cannot be used as a heterozygote test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032736"}
{"pmid": "1032737", "title": "Methadone maintenance treatment of narcotic addiction: a unit of medical care based on over 50,000 patient treatment years.", "content": "Methadone maintenance treatment of narcotic addiction: a unit of medical care based on over 50,000 patient treatment years. The experience with methadone maintenance treatment by two major New York City methadone maintenance treatment programs using the Dole-Nyswander philosophy is reviewed. After more than 56,000 person-years in treatment over a 10-year period of time, a unit of medical experience exemplified by these two programs is evident. There was a high degree of patient acceptance, a small amount of recognized residual illicit drug abuse, and steeply reduced criminal activities of those patients who remained in treatment. A wide variety of other methadone treatment programs are recognized. Many use methadone differently from those in the present study. The treatment results reported herein may represent a standard by which narcotic (methadone and other) treatment programs can be assessed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032737"}
{"pmid": "1032738", "title": "Undetected opiate use in the Southwest: comparison of official drug-user files and treatment program patient records.", "content": "Undetected opiate use in the Southwest: comparison of official drug-user files and treatment program patient records. Highly disparate research techniques have been employed to develop estimates of the extent of opiate use. Exclusive reliance upon public health and law enforcement statistics has been supplemented in recent years with data generated by survey research \"incidence and prevalence\" epidemiological methods. State agencies attempting to measure the extent of opiate use as a requirement for the receipt of federal categorical grant formula funds utilize multiple indicators: opiate treatment, arrest, incarceration, serum hepatitis, narcotics overdose death, and survey data. To address the question of undetected opiate use in a major southwestern city, the authors have undertaken a study measuring the extent of law enforcement recognition of the addictive status of a random sample of patients selected from the city's two municipally operated methadone treatment programs. The results indicate that over one-half of the sample was unknown to the police as addicts. Descriptive attributes of the unknown group were identified through appropriate statistical analyses. These findings are comparable to those of a similar study conducted in 1973 in a major eastern city.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032738"}
{"pmid": "1032739", "title": "Methadone dispensing by community pharmacies.", "content": "Methadone dispensing by community pharmacies. This study reports 1 year follow-up data of 96 patients who received methadone at selected community pharmacies instead of traditional program dispensaries. Outcomes are comparable to those reported for traditional programs. Security measures were not a problem. The results indicate that most patients can begin methadone maintenance at a pharmacy without a period of stabilization at a program unit. Of several factors studied, arrest record, both preceding and during treatment, based on official police data was the single factor significantly associated with employment and continuation in methadone treatment. Community pharmacy dispensing of methadone is a useful means of operating a methadone treatment program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032739"}
{"pmid": "1032740", "title": "A study of addicts' career experiences with methadone.", "content": "A study of addicts' career experiences with methadone. Recent public concern over illicit methadone use has generated considerable interest among both treatment authorities and researchers. Unfortunately, many professional studies on the topic have done little to clear up certain misconceptions surrounding methadone use. In building upon earlier empirical work, the authors sought to explore the role of methadone within the context of addict career experiences as a whole. Interviews revealed considerable differentiation in types of experiences and purposes for use with respect to a variety of demographic and drug career attributes. The findings suggest the need for some rethinking about prevailing conceptions of \"the problem\" of illicit methadone use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032740"}
{"pmid": "1032741", "title": "Methadone maintenance and the problem with alcohol.", "content": "Methadone maintenance and the problem with alcohol. There is a growing concern with the rapid pace of physical and psychosocial deterioration of methadone patients who abuse alcohol. The need for a sample method for determining the extent of the problem, as well as the presence of an alcohol problem in individual patients, led the authors to test the validity of the Michigan Alcoholism Sreen Test (MAST) in a small urban methadone maintenance clinic (N = 125). The MAST was administered to every patient by their counselors, and the nursing staff was asked to independently rate each patient according to Keller's definition of alcoholism. The authors compared the patients' MAST scores with the global ratings of the nursing staff. Forty-six percent (n = 58) of the patients scored in the alcoholism range of the MAST questionnaire, while 34% (n = 43) of the patients were diagnosed as alcoholics by the nursing staff. There was 75% (n = 94) agreement between the MAST findings and the nurses' global ratings (p less than .001). The authors suggest that the MAST could be an effective screening tool in the area of alcohol abuse in methadone clinics. Going beyond the data, the authors recommend reexamination by psychiatrists of their peripheral role in the treatment of these difficult and multihandicapped patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032741"}
{"pmid": "1032742", "title": "The abuse of multiple drugs. I. Definition, classification, and extent of problem.", "content": "The abuse of multiple drugs. I. Definition, classification, and extent of problem. Drug abusers have historically tended to abuse more than one drug. However, over the past 5 years there has been an increasing tendency to combine narcotics, alcohol, sedatives, and/or stimulants. The statistical increase of such abuse in the United States is documented by national surveys and the findings of drug treatment programs and detoxification centers. To clarify the confusion about such terms as \"polydrug abuse\" and \"multidrug abuse,\" these terms are defined. A classification of multiple drug abuse is presented which demonstrates recent increases in each of four categories.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032742"}
{"pmid": "1032743", "title": "The abuse of multiple drugs. II. Psychological hypotheses, treatment considerations.", "content": "The abuse of multiple drugs. II. Psychological hypotheses, treatment considerations. Several basic psychological hypotheses about multiple drug abuse are examined, i.e., social determinants, the effect of availability on extent of abuse, that drug abuse is a symptom rather than a disease, the relationship of social class to psychopathology, the lack of specificity of psychodynamics or psychopathology to drug choice, and the use of drugs to facilitate or obliterate concern with assertion, relieve neurosis, or provide homeostasis. There is a need for a variety of comprehensive, directive treatment approaches from which an individual treatment plan can be chosen. Such plans must consider which of the complex factors that can lead to multiple drug abuse are most prominent and can be remedied in each case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032743"}
{"pmid": "1032744", "title": "Variables related to length of stay in day programs for drug abusers.", "content": "Variables related to length of stay in day programs for drug abusers. In a study of client variables related to length of stay in two types of drug-free day treatment programs, results varied according to program structure and sex of the clients. In the more loosely structured Youth Centers, in which the programs differed from center to center and the populations were heterogenous, there were no clear-cut results. However, within the more tightly structured Ambulatory Treatment Units, the programs and the populations were more homogeneous, and the results showed a significant pattern related to length of stay, but for males only.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032744"}
{"pmid": "1032745", "title": "Clinical guidelines for the cross-cultural treatment of chemical dependency.", "content": "Clinical guidelines for the cross-cultural treatment of chemical dependency. Clinicians should be skilled in work with their ethnic peers before attempting cross-cultural treatment. Acquiring cross-cultural sensitivity involves regression to childlike openness for new values, attitudes, and behaviors. Members of the ethnic group can orient the clinician by discussion, suggested readings, and invitations to their homes and ritual events. Work should begin slowly, with regular consultation from ethnic peers of the patient. Special transference issues involve parent-child transactions and the \"Messianic countertransference.\" Clinicians must maintain their primary commitment to the patient and to the patient's social resources, rather than to an institution not responsible to the patient population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032745"}
{"pmid": "1032746", "title": "An epidemiological description of the development of drug dependence: environmental factors and prevention.", "content": "An epidemiological description of the development of drug dependence: environmental factors and prevention. The \"agent,\" \"host,\" and \"environment\" of drug dependence are examined relative to their potential as effective foci of efforts in the areas of primary secondary and tertiary prevention. Factors associated with the agent and the host are shown to be of extremely limited value when it comes to the primary prevention of drug dependence. Results of prior rewards are reviewed and they serve as the basis for the conclusion that the manipulation of environmental factors holds the greatest promise relative to the primary prevention of drug dependence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032746"}
{"pmid": "1032747", "title": "Relationship of neonatal withdrawal to maternal methadone dose.", "content": "Relationship of neonatal withdrawal to maternal methadone dose. Neonatal withdrawal is described for a sample of 70 infants born to addicted women treated with methadone and comprehensive prenatal care. Although symptoms were manifested by over 90% of the infants, those born to women receiving near-term average doses of less than or equal to 20 mg/day had significantly less symptomatology, weight loss, and need for pharmacologic treatment than those of mothers still on higher doses. Reduction of methadone dose levels during the last 6 weeks of pregnancy to less than or equal to 20 mg/day appears to reduce the severity of neonatal withdrawal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032747"}
{"pmid": "1032749", "title": "Further comments on the communicable disease model of heroin addiction.", "content": "Further comments on the communicable disease model of heroin addiction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032749"}
{"pmid": "1032748", "title": "Medical implications of marijuana use.", "content": "Medical implications of marijuana use. The effect of marijuana smoking was studied in 28 healthy young adult men who had previously smoked marijuana for approximately 5 years each. The subjects were hospitalized on a closed research ward for 31 days during which comprehensive psychological, physiological, and medical observations and tests were done. Physical examinations, neurological examinations, chest X-rays, electrocardiograms, and clinical laboratory tests were all within normal limits. Marijuana produced inconstant changes in pulse rate and blood pressure in these studies. Six subjects were found to have significant reduction in resting vital capacity during the baseline period of the study which were felt to be related to their prior marijuana smoking. In contradistinction to these findings, 12 of 15 subjects had statistically significant increases in peak expiratory flow rate immediately following marijuana smoking. Body temperature tended to be slightly reduced during marijuana use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032748"}
{"pmid": "1032750", "title": "A note on the A.I.D. test and the youthful drug abuser.", "content": "A note on the A.I.D. test and the youthful drug abuser.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032750"}
{"pmid": "1032752", "title": "Employment and social disability among opiate addicts.", "content": "Employment and social disability among opiate addicts. This study examines the relationship between employment and social disability. It is based on admission data for 296 opiate addicts who enrolled in New York Medical College's Multitrack Abstinence Program during 1974. Social disability is defined here as an attribute of the patient which may count against him or her in the job market. Employment rates are examined in the light of an index comprised of three specific disabilities: minority group status, lack of a high school degree, and presence of an arrest record. It is found that the proportion of addicts employed upon admission to the program varies inversely with the number of disabilities. Furthermore, it is found that the proportion of addicts who rely on illegal acts for their main source of income varies directly with the number of disabilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032752"}
{"pmid": "1032751", "title": "Narcotic use in an inmate population at three points in time.", "content": "Narcotic use in an inmate population at three points in time. Studies on new jail admissions conducted in 1969, 1971, and 1973 indicated a sharp decrease in heroin use among male inmates in the District of Columbia in 1973. In the jail study conducted in 1969 among 225 inmates, 45% reported to be addicted to heroin, in 1971, 47% of the 150 inmates reported to be addicted, as compared to only 22% of the 200 inmates in 1973. Only 38% of the addict-inmates in 1969 reported ever receiving treatment for their addiction, while 62% in 1971 and 64% in 1973 reported receiving treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032751"}
{"pmid": "1032754", "title": "Drug dependency: some etiological considerations.", "content": "Drug dependency: some etiological considerations. In an effort to illuminate etiological aspects of drug dependency, some findings from genetics are examined for meaningful connections with psychological areas, particularly with regard to the contribution of Object Relations theory. The latter is described in some detail, using methadone maintenance treatment as an illustrative context. Connections between the two areas are described which increase an understanding of the relevance of each and which raise questions about the artificiality of the usual separation of biological and psychological approaches in this area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032754"}
{"pmid": "1032755", "title": "An analysis of psychedelic drug flashbacks.", "content": "An analysis of psychedelic drug flashbacks. Psychedelic drug flashbacks have been a puzzling clinical phenomenon observed by clinicians. Flashbacks are defined as transient, spontaneous recurrences of the psychedelic drug effect appearing after a period of normalcy following an intoxication of psychedelics. The paper traces the evolution of the concept of flashback and gives examples of the varieties encountered. Although many drugs have been advocated for the treatment of flashback, flashbacks generally decrease in intensity and frequency with abstinence from psychedelic drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032755"}
{"pmid": "1032753", "title": "A follow-up study of 300 ex-clients of a drug-free narcotic treatment program in New York City.", "content": "A follow-up study of 300 ex-clients of a drug-free narcotic treatment program in New York City. This article deals with an attempt at evaluating the success of a drug-free narcotic treatment program in New York City through a follow-up study of 300 ex-clients of the program. Two hundred ex-clients out of the 300 target population were actually interviewed. The number of months the clients had remained in the treatment program was found to be a key factor in the outcome of the program. The length of time in the program was itself highly dependent upon the client's background: the higher the pretreatment pathology the lower the chance of treatment success.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032753"}
{"pmid": "1032756", "title": "The epidemiological approach to drug abuse: its relevance to the teaching of future professionals.", "content": "The epidemiological approach to drug abuse: its relevance to the teaching of future professionals. In most areas of the medical curriculum it is far more important to teach students the approach to problems, rather than to encourage rote learning of the specific diagnostic and therapeutic regimen indicated in every conceivable circumstance. This is especially true in the field of substance abuse, in part because there simply are no clear-cut answers which can be universally applied. Nevertheless, dogmatism has been all too common in the teaching as well as the treatment of addiction, and there is a general tendency to view the problem simplistically and to advocate a specific modality as the solution. Teaching new professionals to apply the holistic perspective of the epidemiologist will enhance the likelihood of establishing realistic program goals, and adopting a comprehensive, balanced approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032756"}
{"pmid": "1032757", "title": "Use of a social indicator system to assess alcoholism among Indian people in Minnesota.", "content": "Use of a social indicator system to assess alcoholism among Indian people in Minnesota. A social indicator system was used to assess alcohol-related problems among American Indian people in Minnesota. Instead of counting \"cases,\" the method involved using \"events\" that were recorded by various social institutions in the course of their work. The system showed that Indian people commonly encountered alcohol-related \"events\" that led to death or to social institutions with a poor record of problem resolution (foster homes, jail, prison, welfare agencies). However, they infrequently appeared in psychiatric facilities with alcohol-related \"events.\"", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032757"}
{"pmid": "1032758", "title": "Sex differences in alcoholics: a comparison of male and femal alcoholics' self and spouse perceptions.", "content": "Sex differences in alcoholics: a comparison of male and femal alcoholics' self and spouse perceptions. Self-perceptions of male and female alcoholics and the perception of them by their respective spouses were investigated in an attempt to study sex differences in alcoholics. The subjects were 20 male and 20 female hospitalized alcoholics and their spouses. Subjects were administered a modified Katz Adjustment Scale and the NIMH Mood Scale applied both to states of sobriety and intoxication. The results indicated that the female alcoholic is more likely to characterized by her spouse as guilty and depressed both in states of sobriety and intoxication than is the male alcoholic. The therapeutic implications of these and other findings are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032758"}
{"pmid": "1032759", "title": "Reported drinking among posttreatment alcohol abusers: a preliminary report.", "content": "Reported drinking among posttreatment alcohol abusers: a preliminary report. Posttreatment drinking behavior and job effectiveness ratings by supervisors are compared at 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up for young (age 25 and younger) and old (age 26 and older) male alcohol abusers admitted to Naval Alcoholism Rehabilitation facilities. Follow-up results indicate that: (1) large percentage of subjects were rated effective at their work following treatment; (2) effective subjects drank significantly less than noneffective subjects; (3) young subjects tended to drink significantly more than old subjects; (4) of those rated effective at their work, young subjects drank more and abstained less than did old subjects; (5) drinking behavior and work effectiveness ratings appear to remain consistent over the three follow-up periods. Some implications and limitations of the present study are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032759"}
{"pmid": "1032760", "title": "Drug abuse in junior high school populations.", "content": "Drug abuse in junior high school populations. Illegal drug use in a population of 3,807 junior high school students in a suburban area appeared strongly correlated with family instability, student personal problems, and low academic performance. Use of tranquilizers, amphetamines, and sedatives was often motivated by attempts at self-medication to reduce painful feelings. Over 14% of illegal users took an overdose with about half of them intentional. Illegal users and nonusers agreed that drug education programs and the threat of legal penalties had little influence in their decisions about drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032760"}
{"pmid": "1032761", "title": "The spread of addiction-the role of the \"average addict\".", "content": "The spread of addiction-the role of the \"average addict\". A survey of an accidental sample of 100 addict-clients indicates that approximately two-thirds of addicts induct others into the heroin culture. Typically, the number of new users recruited in this way is no more than one or two new users contacted by each experienced addict. The problems of interdicting the transmission process is complicated not only by the large numbers of persons involved in that process, but is further complicated by the fact that new users are recruited relatively early in the experienced users' careers when they are least likely to be known to treatment or law enforcement officials. The work of interdicting the spread of phenomenon is still further complicated by the fact that heroin is transmitted between friends under circumstances the experienced user can characterize, if with some possible exaggeration, as involving an effort to share a pleasurable experience and/or to meet others' requests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032761"}
{"pmid": "1032762", "title": "The black addict: I.Methodology, chronology of addiction, and overview of the population.", "content": "The black addict: I.Methodology, chronology of addiction, and overview of the population. One hundred ninety-two Black, male heroin addicts in various phases of treatment and nontreatment, including never-treated active addicts and actively addicted treatment dropouts, were systematically interviewed for early life events, psychosocial variables, and natural history of addiction. This report presents the chronology of the addiction problem from childhood as well as evidence of significant early antisocial activities predating drug use in this population. Data on family characteristics, arrests, problems in formal schooling, and adult activities are summarized. The current work is compared to earlier data on comparable populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032762"}
{"pmid": "1032763", "title": "A national follow-up study to evaluate the effectiveness of drug abuse treatment: a report on cohort 1 of the DARP five years later.", "content": "A national follow-up study to evaluate the effectiveness of drug abuse treatment: a report on cohort 1 of the DARP five years later. Preliminary findings for the first cohort of a national follow-up study of drug users admitted to treatment in the Drug Abuse Reporting Program (DARP) during 1969-1971 are reported. From a sample of 1,853 selected for follow-up, 87% were located and interviews were completed for 77%. Gross tabulations are shown comparing several outcome measures based on pre-DARP treatment, the posttreatment period, and for the 2 months before interview. Sixty-one percent of all patients returned to treatment at some time after DARP termination. Decreases in drug use, expecially of opioids, were substantial and were generally accompanied by improvements in other outcome measures as well. Plans for more detailed and informative analysis of these and related DARP data are addressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032763"}
{"pmid": "1032765", "title": "The structure of heroin communities (in relation to methadone maintenance).", "content": "The structure of heroin communities (in relation to methadone maintenance). The sociocultural structure of contemporary urban heroin-using communities is delineated using the dimensions \"being hooked,\" \"scoring,\" and \"hustling\" on \"the street.\" A concentric ring model is constructed with four rings: (innermost) the street dealing network, other criminal hustles, employed addicts, and a peripheral \"recruitment\" area (outermost). The model is used to define differential intentions toward and responses to methadone maintenance treatment among members of the heroin community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032765"}
{"pmid": "1032764", "title": "Drugs, Vietnam, and the Vietnam veteran: an overview.", "content": "Drugs, Vietnam, and the Vietnam veteran: an overview. Highlights are presented on the issue of drug use among servicemen in Vietnam and its aftereffects. Two stages of Vietnam drug use are identified-a period of increasing marijuana use followed by the 1970 influx of highly potent heroin to which 1/5 of the enlisted troops were addicted at some time during their tour. The major contributing factors appear to be: (1) the need of troops in stressful combat situations for self-medication, escape, and hedonistic indulgence; (2) the relaxation of taboos against drug use in the United States; and (3) the availability of illicit drugs at low cost, which was apparently the result of profiteering by a number of South Vietnamese officials. Related to the above was the growing disenchantment with the war and the progressive deterioration in unit morale. These drugs are seen as serving many of the functions performed by alcohol in earlier millitary conflicts. There is no hard evidence that duty performance in Vietnam was seriously affected by drug use. Since 95% of those who were addicted to narcotics in Vietnam have not become readdicted, the situation does not appear to be as severe as originally supposed. Myths as to the persistence and intractibility of physiological narcotic addiction were dispelled. A major negative effect has been the difficulty that soldiers with less-than-honorable discharges due to drug abuse have had in obtaining jobs. Other long-term effects from drug use are less clear and are difficult to separate from the overall effects of the war.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032764"}
{"pmid": "1032766", "title": "Drug overdose emergency room admissions.", "content": "Drug overdose emergency room admissions. The incidence and patterns of drug overdose admissions to the University of Michigan Medical Center Emergency Suite were studied for the first 3 months of each year from 1956 to 1970. Among variables investigated with regard to age, sex, and time comparisons were types of drugs used, purpose of ingestions, medical condition on arrival, disposition after emergency care, and history of treatment for emotional problems. The continuing escalation in drug overdose emergencies, primarily related to intentional self-poisoning, reflects the growing social health problems of drug use proliferation and rise in suicide attempts over the past two decades. Emergency room resources are being increasingly taxed by the psychological and medical care needs of these cases. Renewed effort toward primary prevention is essential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032766"}
{"pmid": "1032794", "title": "Research on the chemical composition of the vascular wall. XV. collagen and elastin of the aorta wall of persons who died of vascular complications in the course of diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Research on the chemical composition of the vascular wall. XV. collagen and elastin of the aorta wall of persons who died of vascular complications in the course of diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032794"}
{"pmid": "1032795", "title": "Research on the chemical composition of the vascular wall. XVI. Glycosoaminoglycans of the aorta wall of persons who died of vascular complications in the course of diabetes mellitus.", "content": "Research on the chemical composition of the vascular wall. XVI. Glycosoaminoglycans of the aorta wall of persons who died of vascular complications in the course of diabetes mellitus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032795"}
{"pmid": "1032807", "title": "Coronary blood flow and oxygen consumption by the heart following a hemorrhage.", "content": "Coronary blood flow and oxygen consumption by the heart following a hemorrhage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032807"}
{"pmid": "1032810", "title": "Fetal cephalometry. An improved method and an evaluation.", "content": "Fetal cephalometry. An improved method and an evaluation. A method of fetal cephalometry is described which is an advance on the combined A and B scan technique previously used. A flow chart has been prepared which clearly specifies the procedure to be followed. The criteria used when making an estimation are reported. The method is applicable to various types of machine and it can be taught to a good degree of accuracy in a short time to people with limited obstetric knowledge. There may be a significant difference between operators but this difference is roughly the same from patient to patient and decreases with training. It is considered that the chief source of variation is the failure to measure the same diameter on each occasion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032810"}
{"pmid": "1032811", "title": "Serum oestriol in normal pregnancy.", "content": "Serum oestriol in normal pregnancy. Serial measurements of serum oestriol (E3) were made in 56 normal pregnancies from 10 to 40 weeks gestation using a radioreceptor assay. Several parameters of the assay and its intrapatient variability were examined. The mean curve for pregnancy E3 levels and limits of normal variation have been identified and compared with those of other series. A positive correlation was found to exist between infant birth weight and the last E3 value in normal pregnancies prior to the onset of labour. Advantages of serum E3 assays over urinary E3 determinations are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032811"}
{"pmid": "1032813", "title": "The cause of the fall in serum folate in normal pregnancy.", "content": "The cause of the fall in serum folate in normal pregnancy. Study of a complete antenatal population, a group of normal primigravid singleton pregnancies, and a group of normal twin pregnancies, suggests that the fall in the serum folate concentration which occurs in normal pregnancy is due principally to plasma volume expansion and should therefore be regarded as physiological.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032813"}
{"pmid": "1032812", "title": "Carbohydrate metabolism in pre-eclampsia.", "content": "Carbohydrate metabolism in pre-eclampsia. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed on 30 primigravidae with pre-eclampsia and 15 normal primigravidae in late pregnancy. The groups were matched for age, height and weight and had no stigmata of potential diabetes. Plasma glucose, plasma immunoreactive insulin and plasma placental lactogen (HPL) levels were measured before (fasting) and at timed intervals after the glucose challenge; the glucose response was expressed as the increment index. The patients with severe pre-eclampsia had significantly lower fasting plasma glucose levels than those with mild pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancies. The mean increment index in both the severe and mild pre-eclamptic groups was significantly lower than that of the normal pregnant group. Fasting HPL levels were significantly lower in patients with severe pre-eclampsia than in those who had mild pre-eclampsia or a normal pregnancy. Both the fasting plasma insulin and insulin response following glucose injection were lower in patients with severe pre-eclampsia than in those with mild pre-eclampsia or a normal pregnancy. The differences however were not statistically significant. The results of this study suggest that carbohydrate metabolism in severe pre-eclampsia is altered to an extent similar to that in patients with chemical gestational diabetes, and this alteration may be due to maternal beta-cell anoxia caused by the vascular changes in pre-eclampsia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032812"}
{"pmid": "1032814", "title": "Plasma solute concentrations during gonadotrophin-induced ovulation.", "content": "Plasma solute concentrations during gonadotrophin-induced ovulation. The effects of ovulation induction on some plasma solute concentrations were investigated serially in eleven women, nine of whom conceived in that cycle. Increasing oestrogen output during the follicular phase was associated with decreasing levels of osmolality, urea, total protein and the albumin free protein fraction. Smaller decreases in the concentrations of sodium, potassium, chloride, carbon dioxide combining power (CO2CP) and albumin were not statistically significant. The luteal phase was marked by a rise in osmolality and a fall in CO2CP but no other significant changes. Levels of osmolality, sodium and potassium fell in early pregnancy when oestrogen output was further increased. These results appear consistent with an oestrogen induced expansion of the extracellular fluid compartment by retention of water in excess of solute, which might also account for the similar changes in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032814"}
{"pmid": "1032815", "title": "Haematological changes during ovulation-induction by gonadotrophins.", "content": "Haematological changes during ovulation-induction by gonadotrophins. The oestrogen response to ovulation-induction by gonadotrophins initiates a preovulation rise in total leucocytes and promotes fluid retention. In consequence of the latter, cyclic changes occur in blood haemoglobin and the haematocrit. The level of oestrone excretion in the follicular phase of induced cycles indicates that multiple follicular development probably occurs, and this also appears to affect the luteal phase. It seems likely, therefore, that the data present a rather exaggerated picture of the situation which obtains in normal menstrual cycles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032815"}
{"pmid": "1032816", "title": "The fetal membranes as a possible source of amniotic fluid prostaglandins.", "content": "The fetal membranes as a possible source of amniotic fluid prostaglandins. Biosynthesis and metabolism of prostaglandins was studied in human amniotic and chorionic membranes obtained at term. Using specific in vitro methods it was demonstrated that the fetal membranes contain an organization of enzymes regulating both synthesis and degradation of prostaglandins. Differentiation between amnion and chorion showed that virtually all of the biosynthesis and metabolism occurred in the chorion, whereas enzymatic activities in the amnion were negligible or low. The results suggest a high turnover of prostaglandins in the chorion, and its importance as a source of prostaglandins found in amniotic fluid is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032816"}
{"pmid": "1032820", "title": "The use of a computer in an obstetric department.", "content": "The use of a computer in an obstetric department. Experience with a computer in an obstetric department is presented. A regular statistical analysis of the work of the department was readily available and computer printed summaries were produced for 86 per cent of the patients within one week of their discharge home. Solutions to problems encountered are discussed. It is concluded that a computer can be used economically and advantageously in this way even in hospitals without a computer on site. Future developments in the use of the computer are outlined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032820"}
{"pmid": "1032817", "title": "Prostaglandin dehydrogenase in the placenta before and after the onset of labour.", "content": "Prostaglandin dehydrogenase in the placenta before and after the onset of labour. Inactivation of prostaglandins in the placenta was studied using an assay for 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). Forty-four patients with normal single pregnancies between 38 and 42 weeks gestation were studied. Placentae were obtained before the onset of labour in 9, after spontaneous labour in 18, and after oxytocin-induced labour in 17 cases, PGDH-activity ranged from 54 to 495 nanomoles PGF2alpha/g placenta/minute, with a mean +/- SEM of 207 +/- 18 nanomoles/g/minute. The results indicate that the PGDH content of the human placenta does not change markedly with the onset or during the process of labour. The length of either spontaneous or oxytocin-induced labour was not influenced by the PGDH content of the placenta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032817"}
{"pmid": "1032821", "title": "Intestinal gangrene due to giant-cell arteritis. Report of a case.", "content": "Intestinal gangrene due to giant-cell arteritis. Report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032821"}
{"pmid": "1032818", "title": "Placental pathology in midtrimester pregnancies interrupted by intra-amniotic injection of hypertonic urea.", "content": "Placental pathology in midtrimester pregnancies interrupted by intra-amniotic injection of hypertonic urea. The histological appearances of 52 placentae from patients who had a urea-induced second trimester abortion were studied. Extensive subchorionic intervillous fibrin deposition and swollen degenerated stromal cells (probably Hofbauer cells), were found both in the placenta and membranes. Between urea injection and abortion, serial vaginal smears showed signs of progesterone deficiency. The urea-induced placental and fetal damage was similar to that seen with hypertonic saline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032818"}
{"pmid": "1032822", "title": "Arterial reconstruction to the profunda femoris artery.", "content": "Arterial reconstruction to the profunda femoris artery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032822"}
{"pmid": "1032823", "title": "The scope of modern anatomy.", "content": "The scope of modern anatomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032823"}
{"pmid": "1032819", "title": "The effect of daily norethisterone (0.35 mg) on cervical mucus and on urinary LH, pregnanediol and oestrogen levels.", "content": "The effect of daily norethisterone (0.35 mg) on cervical mucus and on urinary LH, pregnanediol and oestrogen levels. The effect of 0.35 mg of norethisterone daily on cervical mucus and on urinary LH, pregnanediol and oestrogen levels was studied during two treatment cycles in five subjects who had been observed during a control cycle. Variable changes in hormone excretion patterns were found and are discussed. The effects of .35 mg of norethisterone/day on cervical mucus and on urinary luteinizing hormone (LH), pregnanediol, and estrogen levels were studied during 2 treatment cycles in 5 healthy women who had been observed during a control cycle.   LH was measured by radioimmunoassay, total estrogens by a semiautomatic rapid method, and pregnanediol by a gas chromatographic method.  There was some effect on the LH excretion patte rn in all the treatment cycles.  Pregnanediol levels suggested ovulation in 3 cycles.  In all 3 of these cycles the LH peak was lower and not as pronounced as in the respective control cycles.  A patient with some initial suppression of LH and estrogens became pregnant during the trial.  Cervical mucus was scanty, thick, opaque, and impenetrable to sperm throughout treatment.  Spotting occurred in 4 of the treatment cycles, 2 of which were ovulatory.  3 possible ways in which norethisterone might exert its contraceptive effect are listed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032819"}
{"pmid": "1032824", "title": "Gosumecs' contribution to helminthiasis.", "content": "Gosumecs' contribution to helminthiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032824"}
{"pmid": "1032825", "title": "The nature of immunity: part II.", "content": "The nature of immunity: part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032825"}
{"pmid": "1032826", "title": "Niflumic acid in the management of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis.", "content": "Niflumic acid in the management of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032826"}
{"pmid": "1032827", "title": "Asymptomatic bacteriuria in school children.", "content": "Asymptomatic bacteriuria in school children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032827"}
{"pmid": "1032828", "title": "Some aspects of social obstetrics.", "content": "Some aspects of social obstetrics. The effects of socioeconomic factors on reproduction were studied using data from 664 patients at a free general hospital and 207 patients at 2 private hospitals.  Women were divided into 5 classes based on income.  Those in the upper 2 classes were all private patients, those in the lower 2 were all general hospital patients.  There was no difference in the mean age of the mothers, but private patients married an average of 4 years later.  Previous reproductive loss increased significantly as income decreased, and mortality of the offspring to 1 year was 15.5% in general hospital patients as compared with 8.7% in private patients.  No difference in spacing of children was found.  While the difference in incidence of low birth weight was only marginally significant between the 2 groups, type of family, housing, density and type of work done by mother had a significant effect on birth weight.  Stillbirth and neonatal death rates showed a highly significant increase in general hospital patients, and were affected by type of family, density, and type of work.  Complications associated with pregnancy occurred twice as often in general hospital patients, but instances of difficult labor as well as forceps and Caesarian deliveries were higher in private patients.  There was a good awareness about family planning in all but the least educated of these women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032828"}
{"pmid": "1032829", "title": "Study of socio-psychological aspects of burns in females.", "content": "Study of socio-psychological aspects of burns in females.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032829"}
{"pmid": "1032830", "title": "Recurrent arthritis: unusual presentation of leprosy.", "content": "Recurrent arthritis: unusual presentation of leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032830"}
{"pmid": "1032831", "title": "Studies on the mechanism of hypotensive action of a disubstituted piperazine derivative (part II).", "content": "Studies on the mechanism of hypotensive action of a disubstituted piperazine derivative (part II).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032831"}
{"pmid": "1032833", "title": "Acute renal failure and methaemoglobinaemia due to copper sulphate poisoning.", "content": "Acute renal failure and methaemoglobinaemia due to copper sulphate poisoning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032833"}
{"pmid": "1032832", "title": "Poor acceptability of \"Pill-a-month\" contraceptive. High pregnancy and drop-out rates in a small sample.", "content": "Poor acceptability of \"Pill-a-month\" contraceptive. High pregnancy and drop-out rates in a small sample.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032832"}
{"pmid": "1032836", "title": "Chlorpromazine poisoning with abnormal electrocardiogram (a case report).", "content": "Chlorpromazine poisoning with abnormal electrocardiogram (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032836"}
{"pmid": "1032835", "title": "Infantile polymyoclonia.", "content": "Infantile polymyoclonia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032835"}
{"pmid": "1032834", "title": "Congenital contractural arachnodactyly.", "content": "Congenital contractural arachnodactyly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032834"}
{"pmid": "1032837", "title": "Hemoglobin-E, disease with mitral stenosis (a case report).", "content": "Hemoglobin-E, disease with mitral stenosis (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032837"}
{"pmid": "1032855", "title": "An unusual case of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid; intraglandular dissemination associated with perifocal infiltrations by lymphocytes and lymph follicles.", "content": "An unusual case of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid; intraglandular dissemination associated with perifocal infiltrations by lymphocytes and lymph follicles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032855"}
{"pmid": "1032856", "title": "Effects of electrical acupuncture on human somatosensory evoked potentials.", "content": "Effects of electrical acupuncture on human somatosensory evoked potentials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032856"}
{"pmid": "1032857", "title": "Studies on the early receptor potential in the human eye. VI. ERP in the fellow eyes of patients with idiopathic retinal detachment.", "content": "Studies on the early receptor potential in the human eye. VI. ERP in the fellow eyes of patients with idiopathic retinal detachment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032857"}
{"pmid": "1032858", "title": "Electrophysiological and histological studies on the sensibility of the bone marrow nerve terminal.", "content": "Electrophysiological and histological studies on the sensibility of the bone marrow nerve terminal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032858"}
{"pmid": "1032859", "title": "The effect of hypoxia on the rabbit uterine activity.", "content": "The effect of hypoxia on the rabbit uterine activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032859"}
{"pmid": "1032860", "title": "Effects of psychotropic drugs on monoamine oxidase activity in individual nuclei of hypothalamus and amygdala in rat.", "content": "Effects of psychotropic drugs on monoamine oxidase activity in individual nuclei of hypothalamus and amygdala in rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032860"}
{"pmid": "1032861", "title": "Echocardiographic features of primary pulmonary hypertension.", "content": "Echocardiographic features of primary pulmonary hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032861"}
{"pmid": "1032862", "title": "Switch-off behavior and stage of sleep: a preliminary report.", "content": "Switch-off behavior and stage of sleep: a preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032862"}
{"pmid": "1032864", "title": "A case of the duplicate palmaris longus muscle.", "content": "A case of the duplicate palmaris longus muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032864"}
{"pmid": "1032866", "title": "Is viviparity the best means of reproduction?", "content": "Is viviparity the best means of reproduction? Successful reproduction in the context of evolution demands no more than perpetuation of the species, but an ideal system of reproduction should also aim for high efficiency. Two basic systems have predominated: egg laying and viviparity with placental attachment of the embryo to the mother. Egg-laying is inefficient in allowing huge losses and greatly limits the size of the newborn, although it has the advantage of causing little physiological upheaval to the mother. Viviparity, on the other hand, allows the growth of a much larger fetus, offers great protection and is highly efficient. Its major disadvantage is the enormous disturbance of the mother's physiology in the interests of ensuring that the fetus will not be rejected immunologically and that a continuous supply of nutrients can be provided and waste products removed. Only the marsupial seems to have achieved a sensible compromise by producing the young at a very early stage when it is living as an egg embryo without the need for placentation, and then giving it continuous nourishment and great protection by milk feeding in an external pouch.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032866"}
{"pmid": "1032869", "title": "Serum concentrations of individual monocarboxylic short-chain fatty acids C2-C6 in underweight children.", "content": "Serum concentrations of individual monocarboxylic short-chain fatty acids C2-C6 in underweight children. The serum concentrations of individual short-chain fatty acids containing 2-6 carbon atoms were studied in 12 underweight children. Mean n-butyric and iso-valeric acid levels were significantly elevated in underweight children, while those of n-valeric and iso-caproic acids were not significantly higher than in the control group. The level of total free fatty acids was also increased in the underweight group. A reduced enzymatic activity in fatty acid synthesis is supposed to be the factor underlying the impaired lipogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032869"}
{"pmid": "1032872", "title": "Diagnostic aspects in 117 patients treated surgically for thyroid carcinoma.", "content": "Diagnostic aspects in 117 patients treated surgically for thyroid carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032872"}
{"pmid": "1032871", "title": "Lyell's syndrome: histological, immunohistochemical and serological observations.", "content": "Lyell's syndrome: histological, immunohistochemical and serological observations. Observations of Lyell's syndrome in two girls, one 2 and the other 7 years of age, investigated serologically, histologically and by immunofluorescent technique, are reported. In both cases. the disease had been preceded by a prolonged or repeated treatment with acetylsalicylic acid, in the first case in combination with sulphonamides and antibiotics and in the second in combination with mephenytoin. Immunofluorescent staining revealed immunoglobulins in subepidermal blisters and along the dermal vessels. Acetylsalicylic acid has been assumed to have been one of the causative factors of the violent progression of toxic epidermal necrolysis, probably by an antigen-antibody reaction. This has been supported by serologic demonstration of antibodies to acetylsalicylic acid in both cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032871"}
{"pmid": "1032873", "title": "Peritoneal lavage with doxycycline in acute diffuse peritonitis.", "content": "Peritoneal lavage with doxycycline in acute diffuse peritonitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032873"}
{"pmid": "1032874", "title": "Results of regional portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil in patients with primary and secondary liver cancer.", "content": "Results of regional portal infusion of 5-fluorouracil in patients with primary and secondary liver cancer. The survival of 47 patients with liver malignancies treated with continuous portal infusion of fluorouracil (5-FU) has been studied. 18 of them had been treated initially by hepatic artery ligation. Total mean survival was 9.4 months. Patients treated with hepatic artery ligation + 5-FU lived longer (mean 10.8 months) than those treated with 5-FU alone (7.4 months). The survival was longer than could be expected for patients treated for primary liver cancer or for liver metastases from  colo-rectal cancer, when compared with the \"untreated\" group. It is concluded that continuous portal infusion of 5-FU appears to prolong survival in some groups of patients with malignant liver tumours. However, the influence of \"unspecific, general\" therapy is difficult to evaluate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032874"}
{"pmid": "1032875", "title": "The aetiology of acute pancreatitis.", "content": "The aetiology of acute pancreatitis. The most common aetiological factors of acute pancreatitis in an unselected group of 215 consecutive surgical patients were biliary tract disease (40.0%), alcoholism (20.0%) and gastroduodenal ulcer (4.2%). In women, biliary tract disease was by far the most common cause (61.3%), but in men considerably high frequencies of alcoholism (48.3%) and gastroduodenal ulcer (15.7%) were noted as at least one possible aetiological factor. This deserves a special notation when contemplating prophylactic measures to prevent recurrences of acute pancreatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032875"}
{"pmid": "1032876", "title": "Intestinal blind pouch- and blind loop- syndrome in children operated previously for congenital duodenal obstruction.", "content": "Intestinal blind pouch- and blind loop- syndrome in children operated previously for congenital duodenal obstruction. A follow-up study of 27 children operated for congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO) in the years 1953--71 is presented. Nine children belonged to the intrinsic and 18 children to the extrinsic group of CDO. A total of 7 retrocolic, isoperistaltic, side-to-side duodeno-jejunostomy, 7 Ladd's operation, 8 duodenolysis, 2 reduction of midgut volvulus, 2 duodenostomy a.m. Morton and one gastro-jejunostomy were performed at the age of 1 day--15 years. The clinical and radiological examinations were performed 3--21 years (mean 10 years 2 months) after these operations. In 3 cases there was a moderate duodenal dilatation, but reoperation was not necessary. During the follow-up period, one boy, now aged 8 years, developed a blind pouch-syndrome in the I portion of the duodenum containing a 5 x 5 cm phytobezoar 4 1/2 years after duodeno-jejunostomy. The frequency of blind pouch-syndrome after duodeno-jejunostomy was thus 1:7 or 14%. One girl, now aged 9 years, developed a blind loop-syndrome in the ileocaecal segment 3 months after side-to-side ileotransversostomy, which was performed from adhesion-obstruction after duodenolysis for malrotation I and CDO. Both the blind pouch- and the blind loop-deformation were resected and the children recovered well. To avoid blind-pouch- and blind loop-deformations in the intestines, the anastomosis must be made wide enough, and especially in the surgery of the jejuno-ileo-colic region an end-to-end anastomosis is preferable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032876"}
{"pmid": "1032877", "title": "Short-stay varicose vein surgery.", "content": "Short-stay varicose vein surgery. From 1967 patients attending for varicose vein surgery at the Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, have been operated on on the day of admission, spend the following night in the bed ward and are discharged the morning after the operation. The operation is performed under general anaesthesia with as radical approach as possible stripping the long saphenous vein and, if required, the short saphenous vein, excising the superficial side branches and ligating incompetent perforators. In the study a follow-up examination was carried out on 2334 patients. Wound infections occurred in 1.8%. Two patients had transient arrhythmia, and one a late haemorrhage. More serious complications were absent. During the follow-up period 5.2% of patients were operated on for recurrent varicose veins. 84.6% were subjectively satisfied. The number of hospital days per patient averaged 1.2. It was possible to follow the above planned course of action in 93.4%. The organization and surgical technique can be recommended in order to achieve savings in hospital days and to produce permanent and good surgical results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032877"}
{"pmid": "1032878", "title": "A comparison of dicloxacillin and ampicillin in the antibiotic prophylaxis of total hip replacement.", "content": "A comparison of dicloxacillin and ampicillin in the antibiotic prophylaxis of total hip replacement. The effect of two semi-synthetic penicillins, dicloxacillin and ampicillin was compared in systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in total hip replacement patients. The drugs were given in routine oral dosage for eight days to two patient groups each consisting of 50 patients. There was no fatality. In the ampicillin group there were three staphylococcal infections but no infections in the dicloxacillin group. Two of the infections occurred in reapplication cases leading to the loosening of the prosthesis. One infection appeared after a primary operation with a superficial recurrence 10 months later. In the ampicillin group, side effects were diagnosed in 12 cases and in the dicloxacillin group in one case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032878"}
{"pmid": "1032879", "title": "Amniotic fluid removal prior to saline abortion.", "content": "Amniotic fluid removal prior to saline abortion. To evaluate whether removal of the amniotic fluid prior to the instillation of 200 ml of 20% hypertonic saline has any effect on the success, speed, and safety of the abortion process, 192 patients at 15--20 weeks' gestation were aborted according to one of the following procedures: 1) instillation of 200 ml saline without removal of the amniotic fluid (92 subjects), 2) removal of 100 ml of amniotic fluid prior to saline instillation (46 subjects), and 3) removal of 150 ml of amniotic fluid prior saline instillation (54 subjects). The study indicated that there are no apparent advantages to the removal of the amniotic fluid prior to the instillation of 200 ml of hypertonic saline. The median times from instillation to abortion and rates of incomplete abortion were similar for the three groups of patients. Rates of specific complications, except for fever, were similar for the three groups. The value of amniotic fluid removal for the success, safety, and speed of saline solution abortion was assessed in 192 patients at 15-20 weeks' gestation. 92 subjects received 200 ml of 20% hypertonic saline, 46 underwnet removal of 100 ml of  amniotic fluid prior to saline instillation, and 54 underwent removal of 150 ml of amniotic fluid prior to saline instillation. All 3 groups had similar rates of incomplete abortion and median times required for abortion.  The rates of complications, except for fever, were also similar.  The results indicate no apparent advantages of amniotic fluid removal prior to instillation of hypertonic saline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032879"}
{"pmid": "1032880", "title": "Complications in acute pancreatitis.", "content": "Complications in acute pancreatitis. In a group of 260 non-selected cases of acute or subacute pancreatitis, severe complications occurred in 60 (23.1%). Long lasting shock and/or massive internal bleeding (5.4%), severe renal problems (anuria, tubular necrosis, nephrosis) (5.4%) and frank hepatic failure due to extensive liver necrosis or other severe destruction (5.0%), invariably lead to death. The clinical group of findings pointing to a fatal course usually manifested themselves during the first three days. Severe renal and hepatic lesions were in many cases secondary to shock in fulminant rapidly deteriorating cases. Preventing and efficient management of shock are thus essential prerequisites for saving the patient. Other important complications included severe intra-abdominal suppuration and abscesses, peritonitis and sepsis (3.9%), pseudocysts of the pancreas (5.4%) and biliary statis (18.4%). Severe obstruction to bile flow with associated jaundice occurred in only 4.6% of cases; unselected operative biliary decompression does not therefore appear indicated. If an early laparotomy is performed, efficient debridement and drainage are of utmost importance. Fatal panreatitis was associated with extensive necrosis of the pancreas in about 80% of cases; possibly subtotal pancreatic resection at an early laparotomy would have given better results in these most severe cases, as recently reported in the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032880"}
{"pmid": "1032881", "title": "Ocular signs and local treatment in myasthenia gravis.", "content": "Ocular signs and local treatment in myasthenia gravis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032881"}
{"pmid": "1032882", "title": "Self-management treatment of smoking behavior.", "content": "Self-management treatment of smoking behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032882"}
{"pmid": "1032884", "title": "Choice, determinism and value in the light of biological knowledge.", "content": "Choice, determinism and value in the light of biological knowledge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032884"}
{"pmid": "1032885", "title": "Serum pseudocholinesterase activity in acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Serum pseudocholinesterase activity in acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032885"}
{"pmid": "1032886", "title": "Learning of leg position by the ghost crab Ocypode ceratophthalma.", "content": "Learning of leg position by the ghost crab Ocypode ceratophthalma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032886"}
{"pmid": "1032887", "title": "Promoting mental health in school.", "content": "Promoting mental health in school.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032887"}
{"pmid": "1032889", "title": "Persistent and atypical lobules in the human breast may be precancerous.", "content": "Persistent and atypical lobules in the human breast may be precancerous. Persistent human mammary lobules (PL) remaining after the menopause, and certain atypical lobules (ALA) are morphologically similar to the common preneoplastic hyperplastic alveolar nodule (HAN) of mice of strains having a high incidence of mammary carcinoma. This and other evidence suggest that like the HAN of mice human PL and ALA are precancerous.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032889"}
{"pmid": "1032890", "title": "The effect of embryo extract on the types of collagen synthesized by cultured chick chondrocytes.", "content": "The effect of embryo extract on the types of collagen synthesized by cultured chick chondrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032890"}
{"pmid": "1032891", "title": "Medical history questions predictive of myocardial infarction. Results from the Kaiser-Permanente epidemiologic study of myocardial infarction.", "content": "Medical history questions predictive of myocardial infarction. Results from the Kaiser-Permanente epidemiologic study of myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032891"}
{"pmid": "1032893", "title": "Control of mating preferences in mice by genes in the major histocompatibility complex.", "content": "Control of mating preferences in mice by genes in the major histocompatibility complex. When a male mouse is presented with two H-2 congenic two female in estrus, his choice of a mate is influenced by their H-2 types. The term \"strain preference\" is used to describe the general tendency of the male population of one inbred strain to prefer two female of one H-2 type rather than another. The term \"consistency of choice\" is used to describe the added tendency of particular two males of one inbred strain, in sequential mating trials, to prefer two females of the H-2 type they chose in previous trials. Statistical analysis showed trends in the data that support the following conclusions: (a) The choice is made by the male, not the female. (b) The strain preference of two males may favor two females of dissimilar H-2 type (four of six comparisons), or of similar H-2 type (one of six comparisons). (c) Consistency of choice does not always correspond with strain preference. In one of six comparisons of H-2 genotypes there was no strain preference but pronounced consistency of choice by individual two male. This suggests memory, but fortuitous bias is not excluded. (d) Strain preference of the same male population may favor two male of the same or a different H-2 type, depending on which different H-2 type is offered as the choice alternative to self. These findings conform to a provisional model in which olfactory mating preference is governed by two linked genes in the region of H-2, one for the female signal and one for the male receptor. These mating preferences could in natural populations serve the purpose of increasing the representation of particular H-2 haplotypes or of maintaining heterozygosity of genes in the region of H-2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032893"}
{"pmid": "1032892", "title": "Comparison of metabolism of free fatty acid by isolated perfused livers from male and female rats.", "content": "Comparison of metabolism of free fatty acid by isolated perfused livers from male and female rats. Livers from normal, fed male and female rats were perfused with different amounts of [1-14C]oleate under steady state conditions, and the rates of uptake and utilization of free fatty acid (FFA) were measured. The uptake of FFA by livers from either male or female rats was proportional to the concentration of FFA in the medium. The rate of uptake of FFA, per g of liver, by livers from female rats exceeded that of the males for the same amount of FFA infused. The incorporation by the liver of exogenous oleic acid into triglyceride, phospholipid, and oxidation products was proportional to the uptake of FFA. Livers from female rats incorporated more oleate into triglyceride (TG) and less into phospholipid (PL) and oxidation products than did livers from male animals. Livers from female rats secreted more TG than did livers from male animals when infused with equal quantities of oleate. The incorporation of endogenous fatty acid into TG of the perfusate was inhibite) by exogenous oleate. At low concentrations of perfusate FFA, however, endogenous fatty acids contributed substantially to the increased output of TG by livers from female animals. Production of 14CO2 and radioactive ketone bodies increased with increasing uptake of FFA. The partition of oleate between oxidative pathways (CO2 production and ketogenesis) was modified by the availability of the fatty acid substrate with livers from either sex. The percent incorporation of radioactivity into CO2 reached a maximum, whereas incorporation into ketone bodies continued to increase. The output of ketone bodies was dependent on the uptake of FFA, and output by livers from female animals was less than by livers from male rats. The increase in rate of ketogenesis was dependent on the influx of exogenous FFA, while ketogenesis from endogenous sources remained relatively stable. The output of glucose by the liver increased with the uptake of FFA, but no difference due to sex was observed. The output of urea by livers from male rats was unaffected by oleate, while the output of urea by livers from females decreased as the uptake of FFA increased. A major conclusion to be derived from this work is that oleate is not metabolized identically by livers from the two sexes, but rather, per gram of liver, livers from female rats take up and esterify more fatty acid to TG and oxidize less than do livers from male animals; livers from female animals synthesize and secrete more triglyceride than do livers from male animals when provided with equal quantities of free fatty acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032892"}
{"pmid": "1032894", "title": "High-pouch imperforate anus treated by electromagnetic bougienage and subsequent perineal repair.", "content": "High-pouch imperforate anus treated by electromagnetic bougienage and subsequent perineal repair. Four male infants with imperforate anus were treated by electromagnetic bougienage and subsequent perineal anoplasty with division of rectourethral fistula. Each had high-pouch imperforate anus of the supralevator type, with rectourethral fishtula at or above the level of the membranous urethra. Perineal anoplasty was accomplished in all four, with division of the rectourethral fistula, avoiding the need to do a sacral-abdominal-perineal procedure, as had been customary previously in similar cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032894"}
{"pmid": "1032895", "title": "Pharmacokinetics of chlorpromazine-induced miotic response in rabbits.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics of chlorpromazine-induced miotic response in rabbits. The time variation of changes in the chlorpromazine-induced pupil diameter decrease was studied following varying bolus and slowly infused intravenous doses administered to rabbits. The observed pharmacological response data were coverted, via, the use of a dose-effect curve, to values theoretically corresponding to relative biophasic drug levels. These values were, in turn, used to construct a linear pharmacokinetic model of the drug bioavailability input equilibrium pharmacological response output dynamics of the system. The use of a time domain, MULTIFIT, computerized method of fitting the data to obtain a pharmacokinetic model was compared to the use of a frequency response, PLTEST, approach. The fidelity of the model in quantitatively relating the time course of systemic drug bioavailability to observed pupil response was verified by the satisfactory agreement obtained by directly comparing experimentally known amounts of drug intravenously infused with corresponding values computed from observed changes in pupil size. The applicability of using pharmacological data for quantitative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic analysis of chlorpromazine is demonstrated. This finding is particularly significant because no suitable chemical or radiological direct assay technique exists for determining levels of chlorpromazine, except for high doses, in body fluids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032895"}
{"pmid": "1032896", "title": "Humoral reponse to neuraminidase-treated tumor cells.", "content": "Humoral reponse to neuraminidase-treated tumor cells. L1210 leukemia cells grew progressively and caused tumor deaths in all recipient mice. However, when these cells had been treated with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN) prior to injection, tumor deaths did not occur. Both untreated and VCN-treated L1210 cells elicited a humoral response, as manifested by an increasing percent of cells in the spleen and peritoneal cavity, with various types of membrane-associated immunoglobulins. Progressive tumor growth was associated with a large percent of peritoneal exudate (PE) cells bearing membrane-associated IgG, a late increase in the percent of PE cells with IgG, and only a small percent of PE cells with IgM on their surfaces. Conversely, PE cells from mice given VCN-treated L1210 cells were characterized by a small percent with IgG, an early increase in percent of cells with IgG, and a large percent with membrane-associated IgM. An injection of VCN-treated L1210 cells into mice with progressively growing L1210 tumors caused frequent tumor remissions, with a corresponding alteration of the ongoing humoral responses. Both the degree of alteration and the number of cures depended on the tumor burden at the time VCN-treated tumor cells were injected. The humoral response in mice with tumor remission following immunization was comparable to the response detected after an injection of VCN-treated cells only.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032896"}
{"pmid": "1032897", "title": "Choline loss during hemodialysis: homeostatic control of plasma choline concentrations.", "content": "Choline loss during hemodialysis: homeostatic control of plasma choline concentrations. Endogenous concentrations of free choline in plasma were measured in azotemic subjects receiving repetitive hemodialysis and excretion of free choline into the dialysate was determined. Chemical choline in plasma and dialysate was measured by adding choline kinase and measuring the production of radiolabelled phosphorycholine in the presence of radiolabelled adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Mean free choline concentration in plasma of azotemic subjects receiving hemodialysis was found to be 37 muM, which is about twice that of normal persons. The total excretion of choline into the dialysate during 360 min averaged 730 mumoles +/- 69 (SEM). Levels of free choline in plasma fell during hemodialysis at two hours but recovered toward predialysis values at six hours. The return of plasma choline concentrations toward control values during dialysis suggests that a feedback mechanism exists which was activated rapidly to produce homeostasis of plasma choline concentrations. In these patients, the degree of peripheral neuropathy as judged by measurement of nerve conduction velocities showed a significant inverse correlation with levels of free choline in plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032897"}
{"pmid": "1032898", "title": "New percutaneous caval filter device for pulmonary thromboembolism.", "content": "New percutaneous caval filter device for pulmonary thromboembolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032898"}
{"pmid": "1032899", "title": "Elemental analysis of biological specimens in air with a proton microprobe.", "content": "Elemental analysis of biological specimens in air with a proton microprobe. The unique capabilities of the proton microprobe in an atmospheric environment as a biological tool are illustrated in studies of arsenic and mercury distributions in siingle strands of hair from poisoning victims and of the distributions of several abundant elements in frozen hydrated eye and kidney specimens from rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032899"}
{"pmid": "1032900", "title": "Atopic dermatitis and IgE. Relationship between changes in IgE levels and severity of disease.", "content": "Atopic dermatitis and IgE. Relationship between changes in IgE levels and severity of disease. At the Mayo Clinic, atopic dermatitis was evaluated in a series of 28 patients to determine whether, during the course of the disease, serum IgE levels fluctuated with changes in the severity of dermatitis. The study covered a 1- to 11/2-year follow-up period. Previously, it had been shown that, at initial examination, serum IgE levels were positively related to the extent of disease. Although notable fluctuations in serum IgE levels and in extent of dermatitis were seen in more than half of the cases, no relationship was found between the two factors during the period of study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032900"}
{"pmid": "1032902", "title": "Effect of hypoxia on small vessel blood content of rabbit brain.", "content": "Effect of hypoxia on small vessel blood content of rabbit brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032902"}
{"pmid": "1032901", "title": "2-Deoxyglucose selectively inhibits Fc and complement receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages. I. Description of the inhibitory effect.", "content": "2-Deoxyglucose selectively inhibits Fc and complement receptor-mediated phagocytosis in mouse peritoneal macrophages. I. Description of the inhibitory effect. Incubation of normal or thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-dG) inhibits the capacity of these macrophages to phagocytize IgG- or complement-coated particles via their Fc and C3 receptors. 2-dG has no inhibitory effect on the capacity of these macrophages to phagocytize latex or zymosan particles, which are ingested in the absence of specific opsonins, and it does not inhibit binding of IgG- or C3-coated particles to their respective receptors on the macrophage's plasma membrane. 2-dG exerts its inhibitory effect on the macrophage and not on the opsonized particle. The inhibition is independent of particle size, occurs within 15-30 min of addition of this glucose analogue to the medium at 37 degrees C, cannot be overcome by supra-agglutinating amounts of opsonizing antibody, and is completely reversible by substitution of 5.5 mM glucose for 50 mM 2-dG in the medium. Addition of equimolar amounts of glucose or mannose, but not of fructose, galactose, fucose, or glucosamine, to medium containing 50 mM 2-dG results in substantial reversal of the inhibitory effect of 2-dG on Fc and C3 receptor mediated phagocytosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032901"}
{"pmid": "1032903", "title": "An improved isolation procedure for the gas chromatographic analysis of urinary polyamines.", "content": "An improved isolation procedure for the gas chromatographic analysis of urinary polyamines. The isolation of polyamines from urinary hydrolysates in a sufficiently pure state for subsequent analysis by gas chromatography has proved to be difficult. However, by using columns of Porapak-Q and ion-exchange resins, urinary hydrolysates are readily purified and formation of trifluoroacetyl derivatives of polyamines proceeds in high yield without carryover of artifacts in the gas chromatographic elution profile. Good yields from the trifluoroacetylation reaction are not achieved if large quantities of salts or urinary pigments are present. By obtaining the polyamine carbonates in the final stages of the method described, the trifluoroacetylation reaction yields excellent derivatives of nanogram or microgram amounts, particularly after standing over-night at room temperature. The procedure described in detail should permit routine urinary polyamine analysis where rapidity, ease of handling many samples, freedom from complications and artifacts are a consideration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032903"}
{"pmid": "1032904", "title": "The infectivity of adenovirus 5 DNA-protein complex.", "content": "The infectivity of adenovirus 5 DNA-protein complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032904"}
{"pmid": "1032905", "title": "Tay-Sachs screening: social and psychological impact.", "content": "Tay-Sachs screening: social and psychological impact. Participants in two Tay-Sachs screening programs were generally satisifed with the organization of the tests and the results. There was no evidence of adverse impact on reproductive  plans or interpersonal relations, and the respondents professed to believe in the value of screening. While the carriers discussed their condition freely with others and were no less favorable to the idea of screening than the noncarriers, about one-half of their number expressed discomfort in being told they were heterozygotes. These feelings were allayed by counseling, but there was evidence of some residual unease. It is suggested that this anxiety would be less prominent and more easily reduced if screening were done under conditions of ordinary primary medical care rather than outside the conventional system. 2 studies (1 retrospective and 1 prospective) were conducted on participants in Tay-Sachs screening programs to assess the personal impact of the experience and their sense of fulfillment of the program's promise.  All of the noncarriers felt relief on learning of the results of the test;  48.8% of the carriers and 42% of the carrier's spouses reported a sense of anxiety.  4 kinds of concern were expressed by the carriers and their spouses:  1) a sense of being \"singled out\" and having an imperfection, 2) dismay that children might inherit the gene, 3) anxiety which was allayed by instruction, and 4) distress  in pregnant couples, eased by instruction.  There was no evidence of adverse impact on reproductive plans or interpersonal relations.  The participants professed to believe in the value of screening.  While the carriers discussed their condition freely, 90% recommended premarital testing, 50% of those before the potential age of marriage.  94% of the participants said the program had lived up to their expectations.  It is suggested that anxiety would be reduced if screening were conducted under conditions of ordinary primary medical care than outside the conventional system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032905"}
{"pmid": "1032906", "title": "Ion dependence of the tarsal sugar receptor of the blowfly Phormia regina.", "content": "Ion dependence of the tarsal sugar receptor of the blowfly Phormia regina.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032906"}
{"pmid": "1032907", "title": "The relation between total finger ridge-count and variability of counts from finger: genetic implications of racial variation.", "content": "The relation between total finger ridge-count and variability of counts from finger: genetic implications of racial variation. The measure of ridge-count diversity, S/square root 10, was computed for a sample of American Whites, American Blacks and African Blacks, and the regression of S/square root 10 on total ridge-count was determined for each group. The shapes of the regression lines differed considerably. The American White curve was very similar to that obtained by Holt in an English sample, while the two Negro curves generally showed lower lower S/square root 10 values for ridge-counts over 80. The American Negro curve was found to behave like a mixture of the White and African Negro curve to a degree approximating to the fraction of White genes in their gene pool. Holt's parent-child data are used to construct a simple test of the hypothesis that that S/square root 10 reflects zygosity in total ridge-count genotypes. The preliminary results support this hypothesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032907"}
{"pmid": "1032908", "title": "mRNAs containing and lacking poly (A) function as separate and distinct classes during embryonic development.", "content": "mRNAs containing and lacking poly (A) function as separate and distinct classes during embryonic development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032908"}
{"pmid": "1032909", "title": "Production and fate of Balbiani ring products.", "content": "Production and fate of Balbiani ring products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032909"}
{"pmid": "1032910", "title": "In vitro sensitization and induction of syngeneic tumor--specific cell--mediated cytotoxicity.", "content": "In vitro sensitization and induction of syngeneic tumor--specific cell--mediated cytotoxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032910"}
{"pmid": "1032911", "title": "Cellular immune deficiency in patients with glioblastoma.", "content": "Cellular immune deficiency in patients with glioblastoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032911"}
{"pmid": "1032912", "title": "Concentration-dependent mutation of diploid human lymphoblasts by methylnitronitrosoguanidine: the importance of phenotypic lag.", "content": "Concentration-dependent mutation of diploid human lymphoblasts by methylnitronitrosoguanidine: the importance of phenotypic lag. The mutation of diploid human lymphoblasts by methylnitronitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was measured over the range of 0--45 ng of MNNG/ml of of medium. We found a 12-day lag in the phenotypic expression of 6-thioguanine resistance; the occurrence of this lag was independent of MNNG concentration. We hypothesize that the unexpectedly long lag period reflects a requirement for the loss of previously existing molecules of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) after mutation at the HGPRT locus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032912"}
{"pmid": "1032913", "title": "In vitro synthesis of rat pre-proalbumin.", "content": "In vitro synthesis of rat pre-proalbumin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032913"}
{"pmid": "1032914", "title": "Anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant properties of some natural plant triterpenoids.", "content": "Anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant properties of some natural plant triterpenoids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032914"}
{"pmid": "1032916", "title": "Components and control of ribonucleotide reductase system of the rat.", "content": "Components and control of ribonucleotide reductase system of the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032916"}
{"pmid": "1032917", "title": "A model for reinforcing mental health facilities: a student's view.", "content": "A model for reinforcing mental health facilities: a student's view. Present mental health care facilities are not reinforcing either to work in or to utilize. A new approach to agency design, in order to provide client self-respect and situational relief, to increase availability and accessibility of services, and to attract highly skilled staff should be adopted. The criteria for a reinforcing agency should be based on a client, staff, and community needs. Changes can be implemented by building new facilities or modifying old ones. The resulting facilities would enhance the treatment process, reinforce behavioral change, and reinforce productivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032917"}
{"pmid": "1032918", "title": "Diabetes mellitus: clinical features in 404 Ethiopians.", "content": "Diabetes mellitus: clinical features in 404 Ethiopians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032918"}
{"pmid": "1032919", "title": "Serum alkaline phosphatase levels of some fresh water teleosts.", "content": "Serum alkaline phosphatase levels of some fresh water teleosts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032919"}
{"pmid": "1032920", "title": "Cognitive changes during the adult years: implications for developmental theory and research.", "content": "Cognitive changes during the adult years: implications for developmental theory and research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032920"}
{"pmid": "1032921", "title": "Drug deaths involving propoxyphene-an assessment in metropolitan Detroit.", "content": "Drug deaths involving propoxyphene-an assessment in metropolitan Detroit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032921"}
{"pmid": "1032923", "title": "Sheehan's syndrome with psychosis.", "content": "Sheehan's syndrome with psychosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032923"}
{"pmid": "1032915", "title": "Proton vs. electron scanning transmission microscopy: the ratio of elastic to inelastic cross-sections.", "content": "Proton vs. electron scanning transmission microscopy: the ratio of elastic to inelastic cross-sections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032915"}
{"pmid": "1032926", "title": "Noise exposure and prevalence of high blood pressure among weavers in Iran.", "content": "Noise exposure and prevalence of high blood pressure among weavers in Iran. 821 weavers working in three textile mills were examined in this survey. It was found that 8.5% of the workers were hypertensive and 12.4% borderline. All these rates are significantly different from those of the control groups. Also there is a clear increase in the prevalence of hypertensive and borderline cases in the weavers in relation to the length of employment. These findings emphasize the need for, at least annually, periodic examination of the entire work population in order to detect early such adverse health effects and to consider suitable medical care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032926"}
{"pmid": "1032925", "title": "Effect of a phorbol ester on a transformation-sensitive surface protein of chick fibroblasts.", "content": "Effect of a phorbol ester on a transformation-sensitive surface protein of chick fibroblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032925"}
{"pmid": "1032927", "title": "Isolated regional perfusion in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities.", "content": "Isolated regional perfusion in the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032927"}
{"pmid": "1032928", "title": "The TRIC agent in the female genital tract; a cytologic and virologic study in a trachomatous hyperendemic area.", "content": "The TRIC agent in the female genital tract; a cytologic and virologic study in a trachomatous hyperendemic area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032928"}
{"pmid": "1032929", "title": "Comparative efficacy of the stained blood-film and counting-chamber technique for the diagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti.", "content": "Comparative efficacy of the stained blood-film and counting-chamber technique for the diagnosis of Wuchereria bancrofti.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032929"}
{"pmid": "1032930", "title": "Investigations of delayed-type hypersensitivity in rabbits experimentally infected or sensitised by vaccinia virus.", "content": "Investigations of delayed-type hypersensitivity in rabbits experimentally infected or sensitised by vaccinia virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032930"}
{"pmid": "1032931", "title": "Intrascleral gonio-trepano-iridencleisis.", "content": "Intrascleral gonio-trepano-iridencleisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032931"}
{"pmid": "1032932", "title": "Comparative study of the dark adaptation time in the normal Egyptians.", "content": "Comparative study of the dark adaptation time in the normal Egyptians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032932"}
{"pmid": "1032933", "title": "Serum proteins and transferrin levels in diabetic patients.", "content": "Serum proteins and transferrin levels in diabetic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032933"}
{"pmid": "1032934", "title": "Pathology of Brenner tumours.", "content": "Pathology of Brenner tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032934"}
{"pmid": "1032945", "title": "Hiatus hernia: a comparison between two methods of fundoplication by evaluation of the long-term results.", "content": "Hiatus hernia: a comparison between two methods of fundoplication by evaluation of the long-term results. This paper presents a comparative study of two methods of fundoplication, a Belsey-like procedure and a Nissen-Rossetti operation in the management of 283 cases of hiatal hernia from 1962 to 1974. The methods, history, and preoperative findings are described, and the mortality and morbidity rates, particularly related to recurrence, are discussed. A short historical review is included in the discussion, which also deals with the anatomic and physiologic factors thought to be involved in the maintenance of the competence of the cardia. The author's reasons for preferring a Nissen operation are outlined. The management of peptic stricture and of shortening due to periesophagitis by modification of this technique is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032945"}
{"pmid": "1032946", "title": "Diagnostic significance of fluctuations in morning level of immunoreactive parathormone (IPTH) in subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism.", "content": "Diagnostic significance of fluctuations in morning level of immunoreactive parathormone (IPTH) in subjects with primary hyperparathyroidism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032946"}
{"pmid": "1032947", "title": "Relationship between Hb and HbA2 concentrations in beta-thalassemia trait and effect of iron deficiency anaemia.", "content": "Relationship between Hb and HbA2 concentrations in beta-thalassemia trait and effect of iron deficiency anaemia. The relationship of HbA2 to total Hb has been measured in 204 cases of Beta-Thalassaemia (beta-th-t) where the total Hb varied from 3.6 to 16 g/100 ml. The variation of total Hb in the study population was due, as far as could be defined, only to beta-th-t and a superimposed iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Superimposed IDA decreases HbA2 proportionately more than it does total Hb (P less than 0.001). A not previously described relationship between HbA2 and total Hb was demonstrated and probably conformed to a second degree parabola.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032947"}
{"pmid": "1032951", "title": "New build and blood pressure study and observations on future investigations.", "content": "New build and blood pressure study and observations on future investigations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032951"}
{"pmid": "1032950", "title": "Metabolic effect of alpha-and the beta-adrenergic stimulation of rat submaxillary gland in vitro.", "content": "Metabolic effect of alpha-and the beta-adrenergic stimulation of rat submaxillary gland in vitro. 1. Incubation of submaxillary-gland slices with isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, stimulated glucose removal by 41% and decreased tissue [glucose 6-phosphate] by 50%. Propranolol blocked these effects of isoproterenol. 2. Phenylephrine, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, stimulated glucose removal by 35% and decreased tissue [glucose 6-phosphate] by 75%. In addition, phenylephrine also completely overcame the inhibition of pyruvate removal caused by acetoacetate metabolism and decreased tissue [atp] by 45%. Phentolamine blocked the effects of phenylephrine. 3. In contrast with beta-adrenergic stimulation, alpha-adrenergic stimulation required exogenous Ca2+. 4. These results explain the different metabolic responses of the submaxillary gland to adrenaline in the presence and absence of exogenous Ca2+.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032950"}
{"pmid": "1032954", "title": "Man, medicine and government.", "content": "Man, medicine and government.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032954"}
{"pmid": "1032953", "title": "The clinical manifestations of arteriosclerotic heart disease.", "content": "The clinical manifestations of arteriosclerotic heart disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032953"}
{"pmid": "1032962", "title": "Survey of the non-emergent cases utilising the casualty and emergency department in three large hospitals of Delhi.", "content": "Survey of the non-emergent cases utilising the casualty and emergency department in three large hospitals of Delhi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032962"}
{"pmid": "1032964", "title": "Winds of change on Fishers Lane.", "content": "Winds of change on Fishers Lane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032964"}
{"pmid": "1032965", "title": "Surgical residency planning.", "content": "Surgical residency planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032965"}
{"pmid": "1032966", "title": "\"Ischemic\" heart disease in fire fighters with normal coronary arteries.", "content": "\"Ischemic\" heart disease in fire fighters with normal coronary arteries. Near maximal stress testing conducted on a group (N = 90) of randomly selected Los Angeles City fire fighters (age 40-59 yrs.) revealed that 10% had ischemic ECG changes. These ischemic ECG responses were confirmed during a second test conducted two to four weeks after the initial test. Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factor analysis revealed that in general the men were not at high risk for CHD. Six of the nine men elected to undergo cardiac catheterization and angiography. One patient had severe triple vessel disease and subsequently underwent aorto-coronary bypass surgery. Another had 50% obstruction in the circumflex branch of the left coronary while the other four men had no visable signs of coronary obstruction. The men with \"normal\" coronaries, however, did show signs of abnormal cardiac function during atrial pacing. One man had cardiac enlargement, hypokinesis, ischemic ECG and abnormal lactate metabolism. Another had abnormal lactate metabolism and ischemic ECG. A third man had moderate cardiac enlargement with anterior wall hypokinesis. The fourth had ischemic ECG changes with angina but otherwise normal cardiac function. All four of these men had pressures which were within normal limits. These data show that some fire fighters have \"ischemic\" heart disease with patent coronary arteries. This disease may be due to job related factors (i.e. carbon monoxide and other noxious fumes, catecholamines, etc.) which reduce myocardial oxygen supply or greatly increase myocardial oxygen demands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032966"}
{"pmid": "1032961", "title": "Changing perspectives and scientific validity.", "content": "Changing perspectives and scientific validity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032961"}
{"pmid": "1032960", "title": "Antibodies to spermatozoa. VII humoral and cellular aspects of sperm inmunity and infertility.", "content": "Antibodies to spermatozoa. VII humoral and cellular aspects of sperm inmunity and infertility. The occurrence of sperm antibody in serum and cervical mucus of women from intertile couples in the serum of their male partners, as well as cellular immunity to sperm, has been studied by agglutination and immobilization techniques. For a total of about 260 couples, the tests on serum showed that 18% of the women and 8% of the men were positive by the Kibrick technique and that 15% of the women and 4% of the men were positive by the F-D technique. The women who were positive in their cervical mucus were 8% of the group by the K-agg (Kibrick agglutination) technique, 2% by the MIS-agg. (Microscale agglutination) technique, and 40% by the MIS-imm. (Microscale immobilization) tecnique. In considering all three techniques. 42% of a group of 132 women were positive. Cellular immunity to sperm, by the Migration Inhibition method, was positive in 18% and zero per cent of infertile and fertile women, respectively. 2 methods of sperm agglutination techniques, the Kibrick method and the F-D method, were used to evaluate 260 infertile couples.  The test material consisted of an extract of cervical mucus.  18% of the women and 8% of the men were positive by the Kibrick technique.  15% of the women and 4% of the men were positive by the F-D technique.  8% of the women were positive in their cervical mucus by the Kibrick agglutination method, 2% by the Microscale agglutination method, and 40% by the microscale immobilization method.  Cellular immunity to sperm by the migration inhibition method was 18% in infertile women and 0% in fertile women.  This method is less certain than antibody immunity methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032960"}
{"pmid": "1032972", "title": "Treatment of painful neuromas of sensory nerves in the hand: a comparison of traditional and newer methods.", "content": "Treatment of painful neuromas of sensory nerves in the hand: a comparison of traditional and newer methods. The results of treatment of 348 painful neuromas of sensory nerves of the hand in 172 patients were evaluated. Three hundred and sixteen were treated by simple excisional neurectomy and these results may be used for comparison with other methods. Sixty-five percent had an excellent or satisfactory result from a single such procedure. A repeated neurectomy improved the results to 78 percent. The use of silicone rubber caps as a secondary procedure over the nerve stump in 32 cases did not improve the results. A technique of funicular resection with epineurial ligation in 45 patients with neuromas achieved about the same percentage of good results as did simple excisional neurectomy. The ideal treatment is not at hand yet, but at the present time it is recommended that treatment should consist of excisional neurectomy, repeated at least one if necessary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032972"}
{"pmid": "1032973", "title": "Reconstructive hand surgery in tetraplegia, stroke, and cerebral palsy: some basic concepts in physiology and neurology.", "content": "Reconstructive hand surgery in tetraplegia, stroke, and cerebral palsy: some basic concepts in physiology and neurology. The examination of hands in tetraplegia, stroke, and cerebral palsy must include evaluation of the state of the ligaments the muscles available for motors for tendon transfer, and, most important, the areas of sensibility. The test for two point discrimination is the most valuable in providing information regarding both exteroception and proprioception. Done properly, this test provides more useful information than any other used currently.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032973"}
{"pmid": "1032977", "title": "Stress--induced gastrointestinal lesions in neonatal pigs: effects of dopamine and diet.", "content": "Stress--induced gastrointestinal lesions in neonatal pigs: effects of dopamine and diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032977"}
{"pmid": "1032978", "title": "Effect of stress on serotonin concentration and tryptophan hydroxylase activity of brain nuclei.", "content": "Effect of stress on serotonin concentration and tryptophan hydroxylase activity of brain nuclei. The effects of a single stressful stimulus on serotonin (5-HT) concentration and of repeated stressful stimuli on tryptophan hydroxylase (THy) activity were measured in individual hypothalamic nuclei and other rat brain regions using specific sensitive radioisotopic enzymatic microassays. Two h after formalin injection, 5-HT levels were increased in the dorsal raphe (RDN). Acute immobilization stress, however, reduced the concentrations of 5-HT in several of the hypothalamic nuclei: the medium eminence (ME), lateral amygdaloid nucleus, hippocampus, cingulate cortex (CCX) and RDN. Five consecutive daily immobilization periods failed to alter THy activity in any region examined. These results suggest a rapid release of 5-HT both from the cells and the axon terminals in the central nervous system, and failure, even with repeated stresses, to elicit induction of increased levels of the biosynthetic enzyme regulating the synthesis of the neurotransmitter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032978"}
{"pmid": "1032979", "title": "Pollution-reduced Kjeldahl method for crude protein.", "content": "Pollution-reduced Kjeldahl method for crude protein. Pollution from the Kjeldahl method for crude protein has been reduced by substituting a low level of copper (0.04 g CuSO4) for the mercury (0.7 g HgO) specified in the AOAC official method, 2.049. Adjustments were made in the salt-acid ratio so the new system could handle hard-to-digest samples in a reasonable time. The new method was rugged for lysine. HCl. It is designed to be used for crude protein in feeds or similar Kjeldahl work. Precision and accuracy were equal to or better than that for the official method in a study of 17 samples analyzed in duplicate on 3 different days. The following samples were used in the study: lysine. HCl, tryptophan, NBS standards, urea, meals, mixed feeds, grains, and forage. The average per cent nitrogen found was 9.52 by the official method and 9.53 by the copper method. The average standard deviation was 0.038 by the official method and 0.033 by the copper method, giving the corresponding relative standard deviations of 0.40 and 0.35%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032979"}
{"pmid": "1032985", "title": "Reflection-impulsivity and need for achievement in emotionally disturbed children.", "content": "Reflection-impulsivity and need for achievement in emotionally disturbed children. Reflection-impulsivity is the cognitive dimension proposed by Kagan and his colleagues to describe the differences in children's resolution to response uncertainty. Impulsive children tend to respond quickly without considering all of the available alternatives and consequently make many mistakes. Reflecttive children consider all of the available alternatives, withhold responding until they have a high probability of being correct, and consequently make few mistakes. The primary dynamic underlying a reflective cognitive style is hypothesized to be a fear of making a mistake: the greater the fear, the more reflective the child is and the more cautiously he performs. On the other hand, minimal anxiety over a potentially inaccurate answer is likely to result in an impulsive performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032985"}
{"pmid": "1032988", "title": "Immunological aspects of colorectal cancer.", "content": "Immunological aspects of colorectal cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032988"}
{"pmid": "1032991", "title": "Isolation and translation of calvaria procollagen messenger ribonucleic acids.", "content": "Isolation and translation of calvaria procollagen messenger ribonucleic acids. Procollagen messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was isolated from the calvaria of 15-day-old chick embryos by chromatographing total RNA over oligo(dT)-cellulose two times, and then fractionating the twice-bound RNA on 85% Me2SO/0-20% sucrose gradients. When analyzed on 99% formamide gels, the 27-30S fraction had three sharp fluorescent bands, one corresponding to 27S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the others having mobilities lower than 27S corresponding to molecular weights of 1 700 000 and 1 800 000. In wheat-germ, cell-free extracts, the 27-30S fraction directed the synthesis of two prominent collagenase sensitive polypeptides with mobilities corresponding to the calvaria pro-alpha chain markers. Twelve percent of this [3H]proline-labeled, wheat-germ product could be hydroxylated with prolyl hydroxylase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032991"}
{"pmid": "1032990", "title": "Anti-hypertensive action, time of onset and effects on carbohydrate metabolism of labetalol.", "content": "Anti-hypertensive action, time of onset and effects on carbohydrate metabolism of labetalol. 1 Seventeen men, aged 45-57 yr, with essential hypertension showed obvious and, in the standing position, dose-related reductions in blood pressure during treatment with oral labetalol with weekly dose increments. 2 Pulse rate changes were not related to dose but reduced compared with pre-treatment values. 3 No postural hypotension was recorded indicating lack of a dominant alpha-adrenoreceptor-blocking component. 4 There was a small increase in mean fasting blood glucose levels during labetalol treatment but no alteration in insulin activity or response to an oral glucose tolerance test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032990"}
{"pmid": "1032993", "title": "Incorporation of macromolecules in microparticles: preparation and characteristics.", "content": "Incorporation of macromolecules in microparticles: preparation and characteristics. Macromolecules can easily be incorporated in microparticles of polyacrylamide by copolymerization with acrylamide in a water-in-oil emulsion. The microparticles preferably arount 1-3 mum in diameter, will have a macroporous structure formed by the polymeric network. The amount of incorporation of the macromolecules will depend on the structure of the network, which, in turn, will depend on the total amount of monomer (T) and the relative amount of cross-linking agent (C) in the monomeric solution. Two mechanisms are responsible for the incorporation; all macromolecules are, independently of the size, fixed in the threads of polyacrylamide and large ones are entrapped within the network formed by the threads. The amount entrapped will depend on the size of the macromolecule and the mean pore radius of the gel. In microparticles with a total concentration of monomers of 8% and a cross-linking of 25% (T-C=8-25) the biological properties of incorporated macromolecules are retained, due to the macroporous structure, as found in binding studies with albumin. The density of the particles will also depend on C and T and, to some extent, on the protein concentration. Due to the fixation in the polyacrylamide threads, some of the incorporated macromolecules will be exposed on the surface, allowing them to react with, for instance, cells, which cannot penetrate the particles. The optimal conditions for the incorporation of macromolecules in the microparticles are investigated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032993"}
{"pmid": "1032992", "title": "Fluorescence energy-transfer measurements between the calcium binding site and the specificity pocket of bovine trypsin using lanthanide probes.", "content": "Fluorescence energy-transfer measurements between the calcium binding site and the specificity pocket of bovine trypsin using lanthanide probes. Using fluorescence energy-transfer experiments we have measured the distance between the specificity pocket and the calcium ion binding site of bovine pancreatic trypsin. Proflavin and thionine were used to block the specificity site, whereas various lanthanide ions were substituted for the calcium. It was then possible to choose various donor-acceptor pairs which exhibit suitable energy transfer. We have calculated the distance between proflavin and Nd(III), Pr(III), and Ho(III) to be 10.9, and 10.3, and 10.3 A, respectively. This agrees very well with the value of approximately 10 A we obtained between the methyl protons of p-toluamidine (a competitive inhibitor) and Gd(III) using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques (Abbott, F., Gomez, J.E., Birnbaum, E.R., and Darnall, D.W. (1975), Biochemistry 14, 4935). This is strong evidence that, in solution, the calcium binding site is composed of the side chains of Ser-190 and Asp-194.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032992"}
{"pmid": "1032994", "title": "Separable binding proteins for retinoic acid and retinol in bovine retina.", "content": "Separable binding proteins for retinoic acid and retinol in bovine retina. Binding proteins for retinoic acid and retinol were separated from a supernatant prepared from bovine retina. Fraction IV from DEAE-cellulose chromatography bound exogenous [3H] retinoic acid which could not be effectively displaced by retinol, retinal, retinyl acetate or palmitate, but which was readily displaced with excess retinoic acid. [3H] Retinol was bound by fraction V from DEAE-cellulose chromatography and was not displaced by retinal, retinoic acid, retinyl acetate or retinyl palmitate, but was readily displaced by excess retinol. Unlike bovine serum retinol-binding protein, neither intracellular binding protein formed a complex with purified human serum prealbumin. The supernatant from bovine retinas was estimated to contain five times more retinoic acid binding than retinol binder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032994"}
{"pmid": "1032995", "title": "A labile acid phosphatase isozyme associated with the surface of vegetative Dictyostelium discoideum cells.", "content": "A labile acid phosphatase isozyme associated with the surface of vegetative Dictyostelium discoideum cells. A minor acid phosphatase isozyme (acid phosphatase I) of vegetative Dictyostelium discoideum amebae has been shown to be associated exclusively with the external surface of the plasma membrane. The isozyme is not present in phagocytic vacuoles isolated with latex beads. The isozyme disappears from cells removed from nutrient medium and does not reappear during differentiation. When inhibitors of protein synthesis (e.g. cycloheximide, chloral hydrate, concanavalin A) are added to cells growing in nutrient medium, acid phosphatase I is rapidly lost. It appears that the level of protein synthesis need only be moderately reduced (less than 25%) to induce loss of enzyme activity. Treatment with inhibitors of DNA and RNA synthesis for up to 2 h had no effect on isozyme activity. It is postulated that the cells are able to \"sense\" (through the reduction in levels of protein synthesis) when external conditions become unfavorable, and immediately respond by reducing the activity of enzymes involved in maintaining contact with the extracellular environment. The closed system thought necessary for differentiation would then be created.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032995"}
{"pmid": "1032996", "title": "Structural characterization of a glycoprotein cellulase, 1,4-beta-D-glucan cellobiohydrolase C from Trichoderma viride.", "content": "Structural characterization of a glycoprotein cellulase, 1,4-beta-D-glucan cellobiohydrolase C from Trichoderma viride. A glycoprotein enzyme, 1,4-beta-D-glucan cellobiohycrolase (EC 3.2.1.91) form C, was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity by a procedure which permitted isolation of gram quantities from a commercial Trichoderma viride culture filtrate preparation. Purified cellobiohydrolase C has an E1%/280 nm = 14.2 and degrades both microcrystalline and phosphoric acid-swollen cellulose to cellobiose. The cellobiohydrolase C contains 26.4, 4.8, 2.4 and 3.4 mol of mannose, glucose, galactose and glucosamine, respectively, per mol of enzyme (molecular weight, 48 400). Methylation analysis of cellobiohydrolase glycopeptides indicates an average carbohydrate chain length of two residues. Alkaline borohydride treatment of cellobiohydrolase C released neutral carbohydrate which is bound through an average of 16.7 O-glycosidic linkages to serine and threonine per molecule of enzyme. Glucosamine was not released from the protein by alkaline treatment. Analysis of alkaline borohydride-released carbohydrate by high pressure liquid chromatography demonstrated that an average enzyme molecule contains 8.8 mono-, 1.8 di-, 4.6 tri-, 1.2 tetra-, and 0.4 pentasaccharide chains. The linkages between the neutral monosaccharides are (1 leads to 6) as shown by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry of partially methylated residues. The (1 leads to 6) linkage is consistent with the stability of the linkages to alkaline conditions and the destruction of all neutral carbohydrate by periodate. Action of alpha-mannosidase indicates that some oligosaccharide chains contain alpha-mannose as the terminal residue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032996"}
{"pmid": "1032997", "title": "Resonance Raman spectra of chloroperoxidase.", "content": "Resonance Raman spectra of chloroperoxidase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032997"}
{"pmid": "1032998", "title": "Phospholipids of Semliki Forest virus grown in cultured mosquito cells.", "content": "Phospholipids of Semliki Forest virus grown in cultured mosquito cells. The phospholipids of Semliki Forest virus grown in mosquito cells (Aedes albopictus) were analyzed radiochemically. The ratio of 32P-labeled phospholipids to total 32P-label in the virus grown in mosquito cells equilibrated with radiophosphorus was 0.558 +/- 0.021. This value was similar to the lipid phosphorus: total phosphorus ratio (0.539 +/- 0.025) of the virus grown in the BHK cells. It is concluded that an average virion of the two types of Semliki Forest virus contains approximately the same number of phospholipid molecules. Phosphatidylethanolamine (62%), phosphatidylcholine (14%), phosphatidylserine (10%) and the ethanolamine analogue of sphingomyelin, ceramide phosphoethanolamine (9%) were the principal phospholipids in the mosquito cell-grown virus. Comparison with the lipids of virus grown in hamster cells (BHK cells) revealed that two-thirds of the polar structures were dissimilar. Surface labeling with formylmethionyl [35S] sulfone methylphosphate suggests that a relatively large fraction of ceramide phosphoethanolamine is located in the outer half of the lipid bilayer of the viral membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032998"}
{"pmid": "1032999", "title": "Translation of tubulin messenger ribonucleic acid.", "content": "Translation of tubulin messenger ribonucleic acid. Tubulin messenger RNA has been partially purified from embryonic chick brain. This messenger has been shown to be polyadenylated and capable of directing tubulin synthesis in an heterologous cell-free protein synthesizing system. Phosphocellulose fractions of IF-3 derived from embryonic leg muscle or brain were tested for their effect on tubulin and myosin synthesis in vitro. Phosphocellulose fraction four from either tissue source stimulates tubulin synthesis three fold. Myosin synthesis is enhanced significantly only by the muscle subfraction. This result suggests the existence of specific factors in muscle for the translation of the myosin messenger.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1032999"}
{"pmid": "1033000", "title": "Primary cultures of rat aortic media: a growth stop phenomenon different from contact inhibition.", "content": "Primary cultures of rat aortic media: a growth stop phenomenon different from contact inhibition. Cultures have been made from explants of thoracic aortas to study the growth pattern of aortic mediacytes. Explants from aortas of eight rats, aged between seven to eight weeks, were seeded. Three parameters were measured weekly from the second to the nineth week: the surface of the culture (S); the relative increment of this surface (delta S/S) and the number of 3H-thymidine labelled cells by the unit surface (n chi S-1) after autoradiography. The surface of primary culture, in relation to time, has roughly the shape of a sigmoidal curve. Growth is continuous until the fifth week and reaches a plateau beyond that time. The two other parameters decreased regularly during the first phase to attain a minimum at the beginning of the plateau-period; however new cells in the S-phase are still found in this second period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033000"}
{"pmid": "1033002", "title": "Introduction and history of position statement on the insanity defense for the proposed Federal criminal code.", "content": "Introduction and history of position statement on the insanity defense for the proposed Federal criminal code.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033002"}
{"pmid": "1033005", "title": "Laboratory tests for usability of the entomophilic nematodes Steinernematidae Chitwood et Chitwood 1937 in biological control of some noxious arthropods.", "content": "Laboratory tests for usability of the entomophilic nematodes Steinernematidae Chitwood et Chitwood 1937 in biological control of some noxious arthropods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033005"}
{"pmid": "1033004", "title": "Feedlot manure top dressing for irrigated pasture: good agricultural practice or a health hazard?", "content": "Feedlot manure top dressing for irrigated pasture: good agricultural practice or a health hazard? Top dressing a spray-irrigated pasture of orchard-grass with 125 t/ha of overwintered beef feedlot manure almost doubled the yield of dry forage: 6353 kg/ha vs. 3578 kg/ha for the plots receiving no manure. Even at this rate of application, the manure did not contaminate the irrigated grass with enteropathogenic bacteria after irrigation. When the grass became contaminated through the use of fecally polluted irrigation water, the fecal coliforms, indicator organisms with survival characteristics similar to the salmonellae, were effectively eliminated from the grass after exposure to 65 hr of bright sunlight.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033004"}
{"pmid": "1033006", "title": "Periodic and traveling wave solutions to Volterra-Lotka equations with diffusion.", "content": "Periodic and traveling wave solutions to Volterra-Lotka equations with diffusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033006"}
{"pmid": "1033007", "title": "On some Markov models of certain interacting populations.", "content": "On some Markov models of certain interacting populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033007"}
{"pmid": "1033008", "title": "Provocative issues in psychiatric diagnosis:a dialogue.", "content": "Provocative issues in psychiatric diagnosis:a dialogue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033008"}
{"pmid": "1033009", "title": "New protein sources.", "content": "New protein sources. The question whether there is a real need for more protein is first critically reviewed and the two main ways of making more protein available are then exposed. They comprise the more efficient use of the protein already available and the synthesis of new protein. The possibilities offered by the oilseeds are then briefly expounded and the difficulties encountered in their practical application are evaluated. The texture meat-like products based on extruded soya and the more sophisticated spun fibers are mentioned. Protein synthesis using yeast, bacteria and algae as microorganisms is then described. The single-cell protein (SCP) products obtaine on different substrates (paraffins, alcohols or inorganic substrates) are evaluated as regards their general composition, amino acid content and nutritive value. The problems of wholesomeness and tolerance are briefly touched upon and the development of three generations of SCP products is envisaged, each having a higher degree of purity and being more suited as a food. Finally the prospects of SCP as human food are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033009"}
{"pmid": "1033010", "title": "Assessing inter-rater reliability for rating scales: resolving some basic issues.", "content": "Assessing inter-rater reliability for rating scales: resolving some basic issues. This paper extends the recent work of Hall (1974) by presenting the minimal sample sizes and the specific linear agreement weights required for assessing the reliability of rating scales commonly used in neuropsychiatric and other clinico-medical settings. The weights are shown to vary as a function of (a) whether or not the rating scale contains a point of 'absence', and (b) the number of ordinal points on the scale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033010"}
{"pmid": "1033011", "title": "The urethral pressure profile recorded by means of CO2-perfusion at high flow rates.", "content": "The urethral pressure profile recorded by means of CO2-perfusion at high flow rates. The urethral pressure profile (UPP) is recorded by CO2-perfusion of the urethra at a rate of 120 ml/min. The curves are reproducible. Their features are practically identical with the shape of profiles written by liquid perfusion. The curves are absolutely calibrated. High flow perfusion and calibration make it possible to compare CO2-curves with each other and even with graphs executed by other methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033011"}
{"pmid": "1033012", "title": "Regional variations in need for and provision and use of child health services in England and Wales.", "content": "Regional variations in need for and provision and use of child health services in England and Wales. An analysis of indicators of the need for and provision and use of child health services in the 15 pre- 1974 hospital board regions in England and Wales showed that need and provisions were badly matched. There was a high degree of correlation between the indices within each of the three groups, indicating that a region with a small provision in one area of child health services would tend to have few resources in other areas also. Statistics on the use of services relate more to the provision of those services than to the need for them. Regions with large resources will justify these resources by claiming that their use statistics indicate needs, whereas they really indicate met demands. It is more important to identify demands and needs that are not being met.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033012"}
{"pmid": "1033013", "title": "Pets and asthma.", "content": "Pets and asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033013"}
{"pmid": "1033014", "title": "Cervical hostility.", "content": "Cervical hostility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033014"}
{"pmid": "1033015", "title": "Gonorrhoea in women and exposure to risk.", "content": "Gonorrhoea in women and exposure to risk. Data are presented on the characteristics of women with newly diagnosed gonorrhoea who attended Lydia Clinic, St. Thomas' Hospital, during a 6-month period. Although gonorrhoea in women is largely asymptomatic, there was strong circumstantial evidence to suggest that some women had attended because they had been exposed to risk. The proportion of women thus motivated was largest among those women who had attended a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases before--in which up to 40 per cent. of women had apparently attended entirely of their own accord. Women born in the West Indies differed from their counterparts born in the United Kingdom in three respects: they were younger, recorded fewer contacts, and referred themselves less frequently to the clinic for a first visit. Implications for health education and for future research are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033015"}
{"pmid": "1033021", "title": "The stress-dependent nature of apomorphine hyperthermia.", "content": "The stress-dependent nature of apomorphine hyperthermia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033021"}
{"pmid": "1033020", "title": "Neuroanatomic projections related to biting attack elicited from ventral midbrain in cats.", "content": "Neuroanatomic projections related to biting attack elicited from ventral midbrain in cats. A single electrode was implanted in each of ten cats at a point in the ventral midbrain from which nonaffective biting attack on a rat could be elicited by electrical stimulation. A lesion was then made which was just large enough to eliminate the elicitation of attack at suprathreshold intensities from that electrode. After post-lesion survival times of 3-14 days the cats were sacrificed, and the degeneration resulting from the lesions was followed with the use of modified Nauta silver stains. Four additional cats were used as anatomic controls. Degenerating fibers were observed to descend bilaterally through the midbrain, pontine, and medullary tegmentum to the vicinity of the principal sensory and motor nuclei of the trigeminal nerve. There was, in addition, evidence of degenerating terminals within the nucleus of the facial nerve and the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve. Of particular note was the observation that the degenerating fibers in the region of the nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve terminated in glomeruli in the rostral portion of the nucleus. Degenerating fibers ascending from the lesion were found to course along the medial forebrain bundle into the hypothalamus and the midline thalamus in a pattern very similar to that previously demonstrated after lesions of biting attack sites in the hypothalamus. The role that the neural pathways associated with ventral midbrain attack sites might play in the mediation of behavior patterns which are elicited during attack stimulation was discussed and it was concluded that the demonstrated neural pathway could provide a cogent explanation for some of the properties of centrally elicited attack behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033020"}
{"pmid": "1033022", "title": "Comparison of changes in tryptophan and serotonin in regions of the hamster and the rat brain over a twenty-four hour period.", "content": "Comparison of changes in tryptophan and serotonin in regions of the hamster and the rat brain over a twenty-four hour period. Groups of male golden hamsters and Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed at 4-h intervals over a 24-h period. Tryptophan and serotonin (5-HT) were measured in the telencephalon and brain stem and tryptophan was measured in serum. Highly statistically significant changes in tryptophan and 5-HT content were observed over the period of the day. Generally the changes were more clearly defined and were significant to a higher statistical level in the hamster than in the rat. Statistically significant changes were also observed in serum tryptophan. In the hamster the daily changes in serum tryptophan were coincidental with similar changes in tryptophan and 5-HT in the brain stem and tryptophan in the telencephalon. On the other hand, the changes in 5-HT in the hamster telencephalon were not well correlated with changes in tryptophan and serum tryptophan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033022"}
{"pmid": "1033023", "title": "The effect of electrophoretically applied GABA on cultured dissociated spinal cord and sensory ganglion neurones of the rat.", "content": "The effect of electrophoretically applied GABA on cultured dissociated spinal cord and sensory ganglion neurones of the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033023"}
{"pmid": "1033024", "title": "Impaired retention of visual discriminated escape training produced by subseizure amygdala stimulation.", "content": "Impaired retention of visual discriminated escape training produced by subseizure amygdala stimulation. These experiments examined the effects on memory of posttrial, subseizure, electrical stimulation of the amygdala. Rats were trained in a visual discriminated avoidance Y-maze. Each animal received 6 tirals on the training day. Retention, tested the following day, was measured both by the number of correct choices on the first 6 retraining trials and by the number of trials to a criterion of 5 of 6 correct choices. If administered 2 min, 1 h, or 4 h, but not 10 h, after training, bilateral amygdala stimulation significantly impaired retention as measured 24 h after training. In a second experiment, rats received unilateral amygdala stimulation in order to examine better the anatomical localization of effective stimulation sites. The unilateral stimulation was administered either 2 min, 10 min, 1 h, or 4 h after training. The behavioral procedures were the same as those used in the first experiment. For animals stimulated 2 min after training, the optimal stimulation region was one which extended rostrally from the ventrolateral portion of the basomedial nucleus to the dorsomedial region of the amygdala near the stria terminalis and nucleus centralis. For animals stimulated after a 10 min training-treatment interval, this amygdala region was not an effective stimulation site. However, in these animals, stimulation of the basolateral nucleus impaired later retention. Unilateral, posttraining amygdala stimulation administered 1 or 4 h after training did not appear to produce retention deficits. The findings of these experiments thus indicate that posttrial unilateral or bilateral amygdala stimulation impairs retention of discriminated avoidance training. Furthermore, the specific amygdala site at which posttrial stimulation impairs later retention varies with the training-treatment interval.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033024"}
{"pmid": "1033017", "title": "Observations on staphylococcal strains with reference to impedin and mastitis.", "content": "Observations on staphylococcal strains with reference to impedin and mastitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033017"}
{"pmid": "1033025", "title": "Patterns of gastric electrical and motor activity in miniature pigs.", "content": "Patterns of gastric electrical and motor activity in miniature pigs. Gastric myoelectrical and mechanical activity was recorded in miniature pigs using chronically implanted electrodes and strain gauge force transducers. Semiautomated methods were devised to obtain quantitative evaluations of the electrical and mechanical parameters measured in fasted and fed animals. The patterns of gastric myoelectrical activity in pigs were, on the whole, similar to the patterns described in dogs, including regular cyclic control activity and spike response activity associated with muscle contraction. However, several points were peculiar to the species studied: conduction velocity of pacesetter potentials increased only moderately in the antrum; tachygastria never occurred in the experiments; in response to a standard meal, the frequency of pacesetter potentials gradually increased; mechanical activity proceeded at its maximal force immediately after feeding and for a long period; no evidence of 'migrating electrical complexes' was found in the stomach during fasting. The 40-min period following administration of a test meal appeared especially suitable for pharmacological or physiological experiments in which inhibitory factors are to be tested on the stomach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033025"}
{"pmid": "1033026", "title": "Metoclopramide hydrochloride and galactorrhea.", "content": "Metoclopramide hydrochloride and galactorrhea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033026"}
{"pmid": "1033018", "title": "Isospora felis and I. rivolta infections in cats induced by mouse tissue or oocysts.", "content": "Isospora felis and I. rivolta infections in cats induced by mouse tissue or oocysts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033018"}
{"pmid": "1033027", "title": "Malignant transformation and natural history of oral leukoplakia in 57,518 industrial workers of Gujarat, India.", "content": "Malignant transformation and natural history of oral leukoplakia in 57,518 industrial workers of Gujarat, India. In Gujarat, India, 6718 industrial workers, over 35 years of age, with oral leukoplakia (confirmed clinically and microscopically), were studied. After 2 years, 4762 (71%) of the individuals were re-examined. The buccal mucosa was the most common site of occurrence; 98.3% of these individuals had oral habits, with smoking alone or smoking in combination with \"pan\" or \"supari\" chewing accounting for 74.9% of the habit forms. Six individuals (0.13%) with oral leukoplakia developed oral carcinomas within 2 years. This incidence of malignant transformation was equivalent to 63/100,000 per year, which far exceeds that of new oral cancers expected even in high-risk populations. While 57.3% the leukoplakic lesions remained unchanged during a 2-year interval, 31.6% disappeared and 11% had an altered appearance. This study confirmed the precancerous nature of oral leukoplakia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033027"}
{"pmid": "1033016", "title": "Dermatophilus congolensis. A bacteriological, in vitro antibiotic sensitivity andhistopathological study of natural infection in Sudanese cattle.", "content": "Dermatophilus congolensis. A bacteriological, in vitro antibiotic sensitivity andhistopathological study of natural infection in Sudanese cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033016"}
{"pmid": "1033028", "title": "Treatment of malignant gliomas and brain metastases in adults with a combination of adriamycin, VM 26, and CCNU. Results of a phase II trail.", "content": "Treatment of malignant gliomas and brain metastases in adults with a combination of adriamycin, VM 26, and CCNU. Results of a phase II trail. Forty-three patients with inoperable or recurring malignant gliomas, and 30 patients with multiple recurring brain metastases were treated with a combination of Adriamycin (45 mg/m2) and 4-dimethyl-epipodophyllotoxin D-thenylidene (VM 26) (60 mg/m2 for 2 days) with 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) (60 mg/m2 for 2 days). These cycles of treatment were repeated as soon as the hematologic restoration was complete. The treatment was well tolerated and the clinical condition of 31 of 43 glioblastoma patients improved during the 2 months after the beginning of the treatment. Six of eight patients with breast cancer metastases, one of 13 with bronchial cancer matastases, and three of nine with other types of cancer metastases also benefitted from the treatment. Examination of the results obtained revealed the following characteristics: 1) This combination had a low degree of efficiency in the treatment of metastases to brain, except for breast cancer metastases; 2) there was no complete correlation between the clinical results observed and the cinegammagraphic developments; 3) the results obtained were similar, independent of the initial localization; and a 6-month median survival period was established, with 10 patients now in a state of apparently complete remission, 180 to 506 days after beginning of the treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033028"}
{"pmid": "1033019", "title": "Ethanolic fermentation of glucose by Torulopsis glabrata in the stomachs of neonates of the horse, dog, goat and Soay sheep.", "content": "Ethanolic fermentation of glucose by Torulopsis glabrata in the stomachs of neonates of the horse, dog, goat and Soay sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033019"}
{"pmid": "1033029", "title": "Angiomatosis retinae. An ultrastructural study and lipid analysis.", "content": "Angiomatosis retinae. An ultrastructural study and lipid analysis. A nonfamilial case of agiomatosis retinae (retinal hemangioblastoma) was studied by electron microscopy. In addition to the three major types of cells previously identified within the tumor (endothelial cells, pericytes, heavily lipidized stromal cells), fibrous astrocytes in different stages of lipidization were also found. The endothelial cells were fenestrated, providing the basis for the extravasated exudate that is characteristic of the tumor. The pericytes were completely surrounded by casement membranes and displayed no significant lipidization; in a cellular plaque of vasular tissue at the base of the lesion, however, some of the multilaminar pericytes showed evidence of early smooth muscle differentiation. The stromal cells contained abundant lipid vacuoles and a few organelles, and exhibited granular degeneration of cytoplasmic filaments between the lipid vacuoles. There was spotty basement membrane formation where the stromal cells abutted on the vascular elements. No interconversion could be demonstrated among the endothelial cells, pericytes, and stromal cells. A source for the stromal cells was discovered in the early lipisization of fibrous astrocytes. Analysis of the extracted lipid from the tumor by means of infrared spectroscopy, lipid chromatography, and x-ray diffraction disclosed that the lipid was mostly cholestrol stearate, a plasma lipid. It is suggested that in the retinal lesions the leaky (fenestrated) capillaries of the tumor allowed the passive imbibition of plasma lipid by the fibrous astrocytes, leading to their gradual transformation into the fully lipidized stromal cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033029"}
{"pmid": "1033030", "title": "Protein cross-linking properties of the antitumor agent inosine dialdehyde (NSC-118994).", "content": "Protein cross-linking properties of the antitumor agent inosine dialdehyde (NSC-118994). Inosine dialdehyde (IdA), a new antitumor agent presently undergoing clinical evaluation in man, possesses two aldehyde groups that form stable complexes with a variety of biologic molecules containing amino groups. Complex formation of IdA with lysine, glycine, histidine, or bovine serum albumin (BSA) greatly reduces the cytotoxicity of IdA against L1210 leukemia in vitro. Complexes of IdA and BSA exhibit molecular weights ranging from 69,000 to greater than 800,000 as determined by Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, indicating that both aldehyde groups of IdA are functional and can cross-link protein molecules. The cross-linking of plasma proteins and the cross-linking of glycine to BSA were also observed. No interaction of IdA with nucleic acids, nucleic acid bases, or nucleosides was detected. The dialdehyde derivatives of other nucleosides also possessed cross-linking properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033030"}
{"pmid": "1033031", "title": "Competitive dihydrofolate reductase binding assay of triazinate (NSC-139105), methasquin (NSC-122870), and aminopterin (NSC739).", "content": "Competitive dihydrofolate reductase binding assay of triazinate (NSC-139105), methasquin (NSC-122870), and aminopterin (NSC739).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033031"}
{"pmid": "1033032", "title": "The follicular prolactin cells of the primitive teleost engraulis japonica.", "content": "The follicular prolactin cells of the primitive teleost engraulis japonica. The elopiform teleost Engraulis japonica was used for a light and electron microscopical study of the follicle epithelium in the rostral pars distalis of the pituitary. In this species, which has one large follicle in the anterior hypophysis, there is no persistent orohypophysial duct in postmetamorphic stages. The apical pole of the prolactin cells is almost completely overlaid by a surface layer of flattened epithelial cells with a thick glycocalyx. The prolactin cells reach the follicular lumen through \"pores\" in this cell layer and at the site of the pore the prolactin cells bear unusual specializations consisting of one cilium, several tall microvilli, and a mass of granular material. Prolactin release takes place at the basal pole of the cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033032"}
{"pmid": "1033033", "title": "Ultrastructural studies on the epithelia of the olfactory organ of cyprinodonts (Teleostei, Cyprinodontoidea).", "content": "Ultrastructural studies on the epithelia of the olfactory organ of cyprinodonts (Teleostei, Cyprinodontoidea). The epithelia of the olfactory organ of two cyprinodontoid fish species were studied both by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The relatively flat floor of the organ is covered by sensory and nonsensory epithelia. The latter is distributed in the form of bands or ridges separating distinct areas of sensory epithelium. Differences between the olfactory organs of the two species investigated related only to the topography and quantitative distribution of the epithelia. Their ultrastructural features are very similar. The nonsensory stratified squamous epithelium contains numerous goblet cells and surface cells provided with microridges. A hypothetical function of the microridges is discussed. The sensory epithelium consists mainly of basal, supporting, and two types of sensory cells, i.e., ciliated and microvillous receptor cells. The cilia exhibitapredominant 9+0 microtubule pattern. Both epithelia are covered by a mucus layer in which all surface structures seem to be embedded. The possible nature, origin, and movement mechanisms of the mucus are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033033"}
{"pmid": "1033034", "title": "Fine structure and cytochemistry of specific granules in the lamprey atrium.", "content": "Fine structure and cytochemistry of specific granules in the lamprey atrium. Fine structural and cytochemical studies were performed to examine the nature of three types of specific granules found in the atrium of lamprey; specific granules of the atrial muscle cell (ASG), interstitial cell granules (ICG) and endocardial endothelial granules (ESG). Ultrastructurally, ASG and ICG appeared quite similar in size, shape and electron opacity, while ESG were much larger and less dense in opacity than the other two. None of the granules showed positive DAB reaction or acid phosphatase reaction. Only ICG revealed positive chromaffin reaction, which agreed with formaldehyde induced green fluorescence along the atrial lumen. Phosphotungstic acid at low pH stained ICG and ASG strongly positive, and ESG weakly positive. Pronase treatment in Epon sections for 24 h digested ASG alone, whereas in glycol-methacrylate embedded sections, ESG were digested first, ASG were digested thoroughly after 30 min, but ICG were not digested completely after 90 min. From these results it can be concluded that the three types of specific granules have different constituents. ESG consist of protein with some polysaccharides; ASG are composed of protein carbohydrate complexes and lack catecholamines; ICG contain catecholamine as well as protein carbohydrate complexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033034"}
{"pmid": "1033035", "title": "On the yolk sac of the cat. Endoderm and mesothelium.", "content": "On the yolk sac of the cat. Endoderm and mesothelium. The ultrastructure of feline yolk sacs from 11 stages between the 14th and the 66th day is described with reference to the endoderm and the mesothelium; supplementary histochemical and cytochemical studies are included. Despite the absence of yolk, the endodermal epithelium shows a high degree of differentiation and activity, especially in the period between the 25th and the 38th day. Large stacks of RER, abundant SER, mitochondria enveloped by RER cisternae, and a peculiar type of lysosome are the most prominent organelles. Acid phosphatase, succinic dehydrogenase and NAD- and NADP-diaphorases are found with high activity, whereas the 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase assay stains the endothelium only moderately. Indications of reabsorption are less marked. In view of the apparent immaturity of the liver parenchymal cells at this stage, the yolk sac endoderm of cat is suggested to act as an important extraembryonic site of biosynthesis. As preliminary results of a chemical analysis show that the yolk sac fluid has nearly no nutritional value, the substances synthesized are believed to be transported directly to the fetus. The mesothelium shows relatively few alterations over the period studied, is less rich in organelles and is obviously far less active than the endoderm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033035"}
{"pmid": "1033036", "title": "Studies on the ovotestis of the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (Müller).", "content": "Studies on the ovotestis of the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (Müller). The ovarian oocytes of Agriolimax reticulatus (Müller) have been studied by light and electron microscopy and electron cytochemistry. The development of the oocyte in the ovotestis may be divided into three stages. During Stage I the oocyte cytoplasm contains mainly ribosomes and also strands of endoplasmic reticulum, scattered mitochondria and Golgi systems. The nucleus contains both a paranucleolus and an eunucleolus. By Stage II the oocyte has enlarged, especially in a plane parallel to the basemend membrane. In addition to the above mentioned organelles, the cytoplasm contains lipid, glycogen and early yolk platelets. During Stage III, the oocyte continues to enlarge, but mainly in a plane perpendicular to the basement membrane. A considerable degree of cytoplasmic differentiation has also taken place. The plasma membrane of the oocyte has become specialized with the appearance of a polysaccharide-rich glycocalyx, microvilli and pinocytotic tubules. Elsewhere, much of the background cytoplasm, containing Golgi-derived, polysaccharide and acid phosphatase-rich multivesiculate bodies, lipid and glycogen, is sequestered by smooth membranes and ultimately fuses with the growing yolk platelets. The nucleus contains an amphinucleolus, characteristic of many gastropods. The findings of this study are discussed in relation to results from other studies on oogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033036"}
{"pmid": "1033037", "title": "Transformation of cytoplasmic actin. Importance for the organization of the contractile gel reticulum and the contraction--relasation cycle of cytoplasmic actomyosin.", "content": "Transformation of cytoplasmic actin. Importance for the organization of the contractile gel reticulum and the contraction--relasation cycle of cytoplasmic actomyosin. (1) Within the low viscous flowing endoplasm of Physarum polycephalum a considerable amount of actin is in the non-filamentous state. This can be demonstrated by applying poly-L-lysin to surface spreads of native protoplasm. (2) It has been shown that in protoplasmic drops the endoplasm-ectoplasm transformation is accompanied by an actin polymerization from the non-filamentous state to F-actin. (3) The actual state of the labile G-F-actin equilibrium determines the varying consistency (viscosity) of the cytoplasm. (4) Increasing viscosity can be interpreted as being brought about by a) shifting of the G-F-actin equilibrium to the filamentous side, and (b) increased myosin-mediated binding sites between actin filaments. (5) Polymerization and depolymerization processes are involved in the rhythmically occurring contraction-relaxation cycle of cytoplasmic actomyosin in Physarum. (6) Cytoplasmic actin and myosin represent the architectural proteins of the contractile gel reticulum in eukaryotic cells. (7) The importance of the regulation of actin polymerization as a basic control mechanism of the eukaryotic cell is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033037"}
{"pmid": "1033038", "title": "Dictyostelium 17S, 25S, and 5S rDNAs lie within a 38,000 base pair repeated unit.", "content": "Dictyostelium 17S, 25S, and 5S rDNAs lie within a 38,000 base pair repeated unit. Mapping with the restriction enzymes Sal 1 and R1 has generated a picture of the organization of Dictyostelium ribosomal DNA. The DNA which codes for 17S and 25S ribosomal RNAs is located within a stretch of repetitive DNA at least 38,000 base pairs long. This repeated unit includes 5S DNA, linked to 25S DNA. Two techniques were especially useful in the mapping: \"cloning\" 14S + 25S DNA on the plasmid pMB9 to amplify individual R1 fragments, and digesting DNA with R1 in the presence of the antibiotic distamycin A to produce specific partial digestion products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033038"}
{"pmid": "1033039", "title": "Release of RNA--DNA-protein complex during differentiation of the water mould Allomyces arbuscula.", "content": "Release of RNA--DNA-protein complex during differentiation of the water mould Allomyces arbuscula. A correlation between release of a nucleic acid protein complex into the external medium and sporangial differentiation was found. Conditions preventing differentiation also stopped the release. Lethal lysis is not involved in this release process. Extracellular nucleic acids are very heterogenous, consisting of nucleotides as well as acid-precipitable nucleic acids. RNA was found to be associated with proteins and a hetero-duplex RNA--DNA associated with this nucleoprotein. Some speculations are presented about possible correlation between the release of nucleoprotein complexes and the intracellular events of differentiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033039"}
{"pmid": "1033040", "title": "Cell specific activity of trehalose-6-phosphate synthetase during differentiation of Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "Cell specific activity of trehalose-6-phosphate synthetase during differentiation of Dictyostelium discoideum. Trehalose-6-P synthetase activity was low at the beginning of the life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum, reached maximum activity at 20 h, and decreased at late sorocarp. Enzyme activity in developing spore cells increased 10-fold during differentiation from myxamoebae (0 h) to the culmination stage (20 h) and decreased slightly at sorocarp (24 h). Activity was similar in spore cells at the apex of the stalk. The activities in the stalk cells were dependent upon their position in the developing stalk. There was a decreasing gradient of activity from the apex to the base of the stalk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033040"}
{"pmid": "1033041", "title": "Clones of Friend leukemia cells: differences in karyotypes and responsiveness to inducers of differentiation.", "content": "Clones of Friend leukemia cells: differences in karyotypes and responsiveness to inducers of differentiation. Several clones of Friend leukemia cells have been established which differ in their chromosome composition. These cells also vary with regard to their responsiveness to DMSO, whereas all are responsive to butyric acid. Hence, there appears to be independent assortment of the ability of a cell line to respond to DMSO and to butyric acid, suggesting a different mechanism of action for each agent. Further, individual Friend cells possess the ability to simultaneously contain chloroacetate esterase and heme--two biochemical properties which have previously been believed to be mutually exclusive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033041"}
{"pmid": "1033044", "title": "Microbial metabolism of N-methylcarbamate insecticide. IV. 1 New metabolites of o-sec-butylphenyl N-methylcarbamate by Cladosporium cladosporioides.", "content": "Microbial metabolism of N-methylcarbamate insecticide. IV. 1 New metabolites of o-sec-butylphenyl N-methylcarbamate by Cladosporium cladosporioides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033044"}
{"pmid": "1033045", "title": "A deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance study of the condensing effect of cholesterol on egg phosphatidylcholine bilayer membranes. I. Perdeuterated fatty acid probes.", "content": "A deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance study of the condensing effect of cholesterol on egg phosphatidylcholine bilayer membranes. I. Perdeuterated fatty acid probes. Deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance quadrupole splittings Dq and the related acyl chain segmental order parameters Smol have been determined for perdeuteriostearic acid intercalated as a molecular probe in the lamellar liquid crystalline phase of egg yolk phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol-water mixtures. The 2H NMR data show that cholesterol induces a high degree of order in the acyl chains of the phospholipid while maintaining the general profile of high order near the head group and relatively low order in the middle of the bilayer. This results in a pronounced thickening of the bilayer and concomitant decrease in the average molecular area of the fatty acyl chains. The giometrical changes in the bilayer due to cholesterol are discussed in terms of trans-gauche isomerization in the fatty acyl chains. The picture of the condensing effect revealed by 2H NMR is consistent with that from previous X-ray diffraction experiments. No evidence for a specific complex between cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine is apparent. The condensing effect of cholesterol is attributed to interaction between the fatty acyl chains and the rigid steroid nucleus, and to solvation of the 3beta-hydroxyl group at the aqueous interface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033045"}
{"pmid": "1033046", "title": "Subaortic obstruction after the use of an intracardiac baffle to tunnel the left ventricle to the aorta.", "content": "Subaortic obstruction after the use of an intracardiac baffle to tunnel the left ventricle to the aorta. Postoperative hemodynamic studies in five patients document subaortic obstruction after surgical repair utilizing an intracardiac baffle to establish continuity between the left ventricle and the aorta. Four of the patients had a Rastelli procedure for D-transposition of the great arteries with a ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis; one patient had repair of double outlet right ventricle with a ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. The left ventricular outflow was shown to be a long narrow tunnel by angiography in four of five patients and by echocardiography in one patient. Resting aortic peak systolic pressure gradient ranged from 10 to 42 mm Hg (mean 24). The obstruction was localized to the proximal end of the left ventricule to aorta tunnel (i.e., at the site of ventricular septal defect) in five patients. One patient with a gradient of 42 mm Hg has angina and decreased exercise tolerance. Subaortic obstruction is a newly described sequelae after the Rastelli procedure for transposition or repair of double outlet right ventricle. The obstruction may be hemodynamically significant and should be searched for at postoperative cardiac catheterization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033046"}
{"pmid": "1033047", "title": "Current status of porcine heterograft prostheses: a 5-year appraisal.", "content": "Current status of porcine heterograft prostheses: a 5-year appraisal. Between 1970 and 1975, 234 porcine heterograft valve prostheses were implanted in 193 patients with 12 operative (6%) and 21 late deaths (11%). Detailed hemodynamic studies were made 6 months to 1 year following operation in 72 patients. Mean atrioventricular (A-V) diastolic pressure gradients averaged 5.2 mm Hg for 29 mm heterografts and 2.3, 2.5, and 2.7 mm Hg for 31 mm, 33 mm, and 35 mm heterografts, respectively. In 10 patients with aortic prostheses peak systolic gradients averaged 16 mm Hg at rest (range 0-26) but increased to 70 mm Hg during exercise (range 20-125). Anticoagulants were not used except when intracardiac clot was present at operation. There were 12 systemic arterial emboli, all with mitral prostheses and low cardiac output; nine patients were in atrial fibrillation and three were in sinus rhythm. Three patients evidenced late tissue failure. Hydraulic function in the A-V position is excellent: prosthetic valve size is not limited by tertiary orifice and A-V anulus accepts large prosthesis. The patient's anulus is the determinant of aortic prosthesis size; heterograft internal diameter to outside diameter ratio is suboptimal and hydraulic function of the aortic prosthesis is marginal. In our clinical practice we consider the performance characteristics of currently available valves in relation to the individual patient's priorities to select an appropriate prosthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033047"}
{"pmid": "1033048", "title": "Actuarial comparison of Hancock porcine and prosthetic disc valves for isolated mitral valve replacement.", "content": "Actuarial comparison of Hancock porcine and prosthetic disc valves for isolated mitral valve replacement. From July 1970 through December 1974, 109 patients underwent isolated mitral valve replacement (MVR). A Harken prosthetic disc valve (DVR) was used in 53 patients and glutaraldehyde-preserved Hancock porcine xenograft (PVR) in 56 patients. The functional class, distribution of mitral valve pathology, and incidence of atrial fibrillation were similar in both groups. There were no operative and three (5.5%) late deaths in the PVR group and two (3.8%) operative and ten (19.5%) late deaths in the DVR group. Anticoagulants were not used in the PVR group; there were 3 nonfatal emboli (10%), all occurring in  patients with atrial fibrillation and large left atria. Although anticoagulants were used there were 14 emboli (five in patients who died, nine nonfatal) in the DVR group (26.4%). In our experience, there is a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality, primarily from a reduced risk of thromboemboli, if a porcine valve is used for MVR. Anticoagulants should be used in patients with atrial fibrillation and enlarged left atria regardless of the type of valve used.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033048"}
{"pmid": "1033049", "title": "Biological rhythm of cell-mediated immunity in man.", "content": "Biological rhythm of cell-mediated immunity in man. The biological rhythm of the spontaneous lymphocyte transformation and the lymphocyte response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A) and purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD) was studied in six healthy male volunteers. The count of peripheral blood lymphocytes was increasing from 08.00 until 02.00 hr. The level of plasma cortisol was highest at 08.00 hr and lowest at 20.00 hr. The spontaneous lymphocyte transformation showed a biphasic cycle during the day; the peak values were observed at 08.00 and 20.00 hr and a significant depression was found at 14.00 hr. The response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to PHA and Con A varied inversely with the level of plasma cortisol. The PPD response was lowest at 08.00 hr, but the highest value was observed at 02.00 hr. No significant day to day variation was found in any of the parameters studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033049"}
{"pmid": "1033050", "title": "Genetic study of amobarbital elimination based on its kinetics in twins.", "content": "Genetic study of amobarbital elimination based on its kinetics in twins. Following the intravenous administration of 125 mg amobarbital sodium in 7 pairs of dizygotic and 7 pairs of monozygotic twins, the time-course of plasma concentrations was observed. The number of detectable compartments varied from subject to subject but was consistently 1 or 2 or 3 within a given individual. The terminal slope of the semilogarithmic concentration-time plot (corresponding to biologic half-life of 22.8 hr) did not represent the elimination rate constant even in persons with apparently single-compartmental characteristics. The redistribution of amobarbital was rapid in comparison with its elimination. The rate of the latter (characterized by kel = 0.051 hr-1, plasma clearance = 37.7 ml/min) could be closely identified with the rate of metabolism. The twin data showed that genetic control was exerted on kinetic parameters characterizing the rate of amobarbital elimination and, therfore, the rate of its metabolism. Correlation analysis suggested that this control was independent of size factors, which were themselves substantially heritable. The genetic analysis of twin data included, in addition to intracelass correlations and Holzinger's H factors, newly developed lower (and upper) bounds of the broad-sense heritability. In pharmacogenetic studies, assessment of model-independent kinetic parameters, such as plasma clearance with or without adjustment for body weight, is recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033050"}
{"pmid": "1033060", "title": "Circulating placental lactogen levels in dairy and beef cattle.", "content": "Circulating placental lactogen levels in dairy and beef cattle. Levels of bovine placental lactogen (bPL) have been measured in the serum of dairy and beef cattle and in the milk and amniotic fluid of pregnant animals with a highly specific radioimmunoassay. In both dairy and beef cows, serum bPL levels remain low (less than 50 ng/ml) during the first two trimesters and then rise rapidly between 160 and 200 days of gestation to a plateau. The bPL levels do not decline prior to parturition. During the last trimester, serum levels in dairy cows, 1103+/-342 ng/ml, are significantly higher than those in beef cattle, 650+/-37 ng/ml (P less than 0.01); furthermore, dairy cows having a high milk production also tend to have high bPL levels. Serum levels are almost twice as high in twin pregnancies and are not correlated with fetal sex or birth weight. bPL levels in milk and amniotic fluid from dairy cattle during the last trimester are approximately 86% and 25% of the serum values, respectively, suggesting that bPL enters these fluids by passive diffusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033060"}
{"pmid": "1033061", "title": "Androgens augment FSH-induced progesterone secretion by cultured rat granulosa cells.", "content": "Androgens augment FSH-induced progesterone secretion by cultured rat granulosa cells. Granulosa cells have been isolated from ovaries of estrogen-treated immature intact and hypophysectomized rats, and have been maintained in culture in a chemically-defined medium. Progesterone secretion by these cells was testosterone or 17beta-OH-5alpha-androstan-3-one (DHT), progesterone secretion was low or undetectable. However, the addition of testosterone or DHT together with FSH caused a dramatic 8- to 19-fold increase over that caused by FSH alone. On the other hand, luteinizing hormone (LH) alone had no effect on progesterone secretion, but produced a small stimulation when added together with testosterone. These results demonstrate synergism between androgens and FSH in the control of progesterone secretion by granulosa cells in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033061"}
{"pmid": "1033062", "title": "The uptake and metabolism of uridine by the slime mould Physarum polycephalum.", "content": "The uptake and metabolism of uridine by the slime mould Physarum polycephalum. 1. Uridine is taken up by microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum via a saturatable transport system with an apparent Km of 29 muM. An intracellular concentration significantly higher than that in the growth medium is attained, suggesting that the uptake is an active process. Both deoxyribonucleosides and ribonucleosides are competitive inhibitors of the uptake of uridine. 2. In contrast, the rate of entry of uridine into surface plasmodia is a linear function of the concentration of the nucleoside in the growth medium, and the uptake is not inhibited by other nucleosides. 3. As well as serving as a source of pyrimidine nucleotides for the synthesis of nucleic acids, uridine is also catabolised by P. polycephalum. Uracil accumulates in the growth medium and there is also significant conversion of C-2 of the pyrimidine ring to CO2. The proportion of uridine subject to catabolism in surface plasmodia is less than that observed for microplasmodia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033062"}
{"pmid": "1033063", "title": "Heterogeneity of native ribosomal 60-S subunits in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells cultured in vitro.", "content": "Heterogeneity of native ribosomal 60-S subunits in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells cultured in vitro. Native large ribosomal subunits in cultured Ehrlich ascites tumor cells analyzed by high-resolution CsCl isopycnic centrifugation consist of at least two classes of particles with densities of 1.57 g/cm3 (LI) and 1.59 g/cm3 (LII), respectively. A wash with 0.5 M KCl converts LI into particles with the density of LII particles. Incubation of derived large subunits (density 1.59 g/cm3) with 0.5 M KCl wash of reticulocyte ribosomes leads to the formation of particles with the density of LI particles. A protein with a molecular weight of 57000 present in the high-KCl wash of 60-S native subunits was virtually absent in the KCl wash of 40-S subunits or polyribosomes suggesting that specific protein factors may be present on some native 60-S subunits. Possible functions of these protein factors are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033063"}
{"pmid": "1033064", "title": "The requirement for tetravalency of soybean agglutinin for induction of mitogenic stimulation of lymphocytes.", "content": "The requirement for tetravalency of soybean agglutinin for induction of mitogenic stimulation of lymphocytes. The mitogenic activity of soybean agglutinin was found to depend on the presence of lectin aggregates formed in lectin preparations stored in the lyophilized state. Such soybean agglutinin preparations gave maximal stimulation of untreated pig lymph node cells and neuraminidase-treated mouse spleen cells at relatively high concentrations, ranging from 100 to 2000 mug/ml. After separation into unaggregated (divalent) and polymeric (tetra-and multivalent) fractions, it was found that the unaggregated lectin did not stimulate the cells, while the tetravalent and multivalent fractions were active and gave maximal stimulation at a concentration of 10 mug/ml. These results suggest that soybean agglutinin must have at least four sugar binding sites in order to be able to stimulate lymphocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033064"}
{"pmid": "1033065", "title": "The effect of short-term culture on the sensitivity of MDAY murine tumor cells tolysis mediated by normal rabbit serum.", "content": "The effect of short-term culture on the sensitivity of MDAY murine tumor cells tolysis mediated by normal rabbit serum. Freshly explanted MDAY murine tumor cells are sensitive to lysis mediated by fresh normal rabbit serum. The sensitivity, which increases with the age of the tumor, is rapidly lost upon short-term culture, and takes place at 37 degrees C but not at 4 degrees C. Cellular components released into the medium during short-term culture are capable of eliciting xenogeneic antibodies that mediate complement-dependent lysis of such cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033065"}
{"pmid": "1033067", "title": "Frequency of precursor cells against the enzyme beta-galactosidase: an estimate of the BALB/c strain antibody repertoire.", "content": "Frequency of precursor cells against the enzyme beta-galactosidase: an estimate of the BALB/c strain antibody repertoire. A method has been developed for detecting anti-beta-galactosidase antibodies after isoelectric focusing in thin layers of polyacrylamide gel. By \"staining\" with wild-type enzyme, all antibodies against beta-galactosidase are detected, while a subset of antibodies able to activate a mutant enzyme is detected by staining with that enzyme. Limiting dilutions of beta-galactosidase-primed or unprimed spleen cells of BALB/c mice were transferred together with antigen into sublethally irradiated syngeneic hosts. The limiting role of the precursor B cells has been judged by the analysis of the clonal distribution of galactosidase-specific antibodies in recipient sera. The frequency of anti-wild-type beta-galactosidase precursor cells was one in 0.42 x 10(6) in the primed and one in 0.93 x 10(6) in the unprimed spleen. The frequency of precursor cells for antibodies activating the mutant enzyme was one in 1.5 x 10(6) in the primed and one in 4.6 x 10(6) in the unprimed spleen. Therefore four and five times less anti-M (mutant) than anti-B (wild-type) precursor cells exist in the spleens of primed and unprimed BALB/c mice, respectively. Comparing 51 clones derived from one primed donor mouse, it was possible to demonstrate that at least 43 different mutant-beta-galactosidase-activating antibodies can be produced in one mouse. Comparing these 43 clones with 27 clones derived from another donor mouse, only one clone seemed to be common to both mice. From this the repertoire of the BALB/c strain has been estimated to consist of over 1000 different mutant enzyme-activating antibodies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033067"}
{"pmid": "1033066", "title": "The relationship between storage and secretion of specific antibody by immune lymphoid cells: ultrastructural localization of anti-peroxidase antibodies in plaque-forming cells of the rabbit popliteal lymph node.", "content": "The relationship between storage and secretion of specific antibody by immune lymphoid cells: ultrastructural localization of anti-peroxidase antibodies in plaque-forming cells of the rabbit popliteal lymph node. The ultrastructure of antibody-forming cells (AFC) has been studied in the lymph node cell population from rabbits locally immunized with horseradish peroxydase (PO) incorporated in complete Freund's adjuvant, and the kinetics of AFC development followed from day 7 to day 18 after one injection of PO.  Identification of the AFC was done by local hemolysis assay, using carboxymethyl cellulose solidifying medium and PO-coated sheep erythrocytes. AFC were thereafter transferred by micromanipulation into a Beem capsule, fixed, treated by PO for fine ultrastructure detection of anti-PO antibodies, included, sectioned and studied by electron microscopy. It was found that the AFC were essentially of three categories: lymphocytes, proplasmacytes and plasmacytes, with (+), or without (-), intracellular antibody. The proportion of these categories varies with the time elapsed since the injection of antigen and with the plaque-forming activity of the population: lymphocytes (-) are relatively more numerous (over 30%) at the early stages of immunization (day 7). The number of plasmacytes increases with immunization. If most of them contain intracellular antibody at the early stages (up to day 9), the proportion of plasmacytes (+) decreases markedly afterwards. The cell type distribution is compatible with the idea that the lymphocytes are the precursors of plasmacytes, proplasmacytes being transitional forms, but no direct filiation scheme can actually be deduced from these experiments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033066"}
{"pmid": "1033068", "title": "B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. VI. Kinetics and reversibility of the inhibition of antibody-forming cells by antigen.", "content": "B cell tolerance induced by polymeric antigens. VI. Kinetics and reversibility of the inhibition of antibody-forming cells by antigen. Injection of mice already making antibodies to 2,4-dinitrophenylated (DNP) Ficoll with tolerizing doses of DNP-pneumococcal polysaccharide (DNP-lys-S3) markedly inhibits the secretion of anti-DNP antibodies by IgM antibody-forming cells. The present study shows that the degree of inhibition depends not only on the dose of DNP-lys-S3 but also on the duration of exposure to antigen. DNP-lys-S3 was detectable on the surface of antibody-forming cells at a time when their rate of secretion was unimpaired, thus suggesting that the inhibition involves intracellular events subsequent to the binding of antigen to the cell membrane. The inhibition was reversible if antibody-forming cells were exposed to antigen for 24 h, and then cultured for 18 h in its absence, but became irreversible if the treatment period was extended to 48 h. The relevance of this model of inhibition of lymphocyte function by antigen to possible mechanisms of B cell tolerance is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033068"}
{"pmid": "1033069", "title": "In vitro synthesis of factor B of the alternative pathway of complement activation by mouse peritoneal macrophages.", "content": "In vitro synthesis of factor B of the alternative pathway of complement activation by mouse peritoneal macrophages. Factor B of the alternative pathway of complement activation was shown to be synthesized and secreted by unstimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. The activity of B in the culture supernatants from macrophage monolayers was detected by consumption of C3 in reaction mixtures containing supernatant and guinea pig factors C3, D and insoluble C3b. Using a monospecific antiserum, factor B in concentrated culture supernatants was shown by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis to be identical to factor B in mouse plasma and to form a characteristic complex with cobra venom factor in the presence of D. A steady rate of factor B secretion was observed for 4 days providing the medium was changed every 24 h. Cycloheximide (0.5 mug/ml), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, caused inhibition (90%) of factor B production. Incubation of culture medium containing 14C-labeled amino acids with the macrophage monolayer resulted in incorporation of radioactivity into factor B as detected by autoradiography of precipitation lines formed with anti-B antiserum; This indicated that synthesis of factor B had occurred. In the same culture supernatants the presence of newly synthesized C3 was also demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033069"}
{"pmid": "1033070", "title": "Withdrawal characteristics following chronic pentobarbital dosing.", "content": "Withdrawal characteristics following chronic pentobarbital dosing. Experiments were performed to provide a quantitative description of the barbiturate withdrawal syndrome. Physical dependence was produced in 63 cats by 'maximally tolerable' dosing with sodium pentobarbital. After 5 weeks of chronic treatment each animal was placed in an activity monitoring cage and observed closely for signs of barbiturate abstinence. Electroencephalographic monitoring of sleep--wake cycles was performed in 5 of these cats. Most withdrawal signs appeared in 12-18 h and rapidly intensified. These included signs of neural hyper-excitability that involved motor, autoncidence, severity and time course of many withdrawal signs. 26 animals (41%) died during abstinence, usually during or immediately following grand mal type convulsions. The importance of quantitating withdrawal phenomena is discussed with respect to investigation of the requirements for physical dependency production, comparison of different drug dependencies, and pre-clinical evaluation of potential treatments of sedative-hypnotic dependence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033070"}
{"pmid": "1033071", "title": "The bradykinin potentiating activity of two pentapeptides on various isolated smooth muscle preparations.", "content": "The bradykinin potentiating activity of two pentapeptides on various isolated smooth muscle preparations. Two bradykinin potentiating peptides A-VI5 (Val-Glu-Ser-Ser-Lys) and BPP5a (Pyr-Lys-Trp-Ala-Pro), were compared with respect to their potentiation of a number of different bradykinin effects on six isolated smooth muscle preparations. Apart from the considerable difference in effective concentrations, no essential qualitative difference was observed between these two peptides. Therefore the assumption of a different mechanism of action for the two peptides, which have a completely different structure, could not be substantiated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033071"}
{"pmid": "1033072", "title": "Selective 6OHDA-induced destruction of mesolimbic dopamine neurons: abolition of psychostimulant-induced locomotor activity in rats.", "content": "Selective 6OHDA-induced destruction of mesolimbic dopamine neurons: abolition of psychostimulant-induced locomotor activity in rats. Selective large scale destruction of mesolimbic dopamine-containing terminals is produced by bilateral injection of 8 mug of 6-hydroxydopamine (6OHDA) into the nucleus accumbens septi (NAS) of rats pretreated with pargyline and desipramine (DMI). The DMI prevents the destruction of the noradrenergic innervation of the forebrain normally produced by the NAS 6OHDA lesion, without affecting the destruction of dopamine-containing neurons. The locomotor stimulation produced by the psychostimulants d-amphetamine (1.5 mg/kg) and cocaine (20 mg/kg) is blocked in rats with selective destruction of the mesolimbic dopamine system. In contrast the locomotor stimulation produced by the directly acting dopamine agonist apomorphine (1.0 mg/kg) is enhanced, which may indicate supersensitivity of the denervated dopamine receptors. These results lend further support to the view that psychostimulant-induced locomotr stimulation in rats results from effects on mesolimbic dopamine neurons. In addition, the protection by DMI of noradrenergic neurons from the toxic effects of 6OHDA is evidence that 6OHDA, as used here, destroys catecholamine neurons mainly by an uptake-dependent specific mechanism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033072"}
{"pmid": "1033073", "title": "p-Chloroamphetamine: short and long term effects upon shock-elicited aggression.", "content": "p-Chloroamphetamine: short and long term effects upon shock-elicited aggression. In a series of experiments the effects of p-chloroamphetamine (PCA) on shock-elicited aggression in rats were investigated. 15 min after 5 mg/kg PCA, shock elicited aggression was inhibited. 2 h to 4 weeks after PCA, fighting was facilitated. Both the inhibitory and the excitatory effects of PCA were directly related to the dose of PCA (1.5, 2.5 OR 5 mg/kg) and were blocked by pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine but not by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine. PCA-increased pain thresholds 15 min after injection and then decreased pain thresholds over the next 24 h but not thereafter, even though shock-elicited aggression continued to be facilitated. The results are consistent with the idea that inhibition of shock-elicited aggression is associated with enhanced release of serotonin whereas enhancement of shock-elicited aggression is associated with serotonin depletion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033073"}
{"pmid": "1033074", "title": "Increased rate of disappearance of serum probenecid in barbital dependent rats.", "content": "Increased rate of disappearance of serum probenecid in barbital dependent rats. Rats were made barbital dependent by administration of barbital in their drinking water. Subsequently, the rats were either not withdrawn (BN) or withdrawn from barbital for 24 h (BW-24). Before sacrifice, probenecid was administered to measure brain serotonin turnover. A statistically significant decrease in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) accumulation was observed in the cerebral cortex medulla pons and  midbrain. Subsequentialy, serum levels of probenecid were also measured by gas chromatography to determine if chronic barbital consumption might affect circulating probenecid. By ninety minutes following probenecid administration, serum probenecid levels in BN and BW-24 rats were significantly lower than control while a probenecid metabolite was significantly increased. The significantly reduced accumulation of 5-HIAA in brain areas of BN and BW-24 rats is probably the result of the more rapid decline of probenecid rather than a true decrease in serotonin turnover.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033074"}
{"pmid": "1033075", "title": "A stalk-specific localization of trehalase activity in Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "A stalk-specific localization of trehalase activity in Dictyostelium discoideum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033075"}
{"pmid": "1033076", "title": "Is melatonin a microtubule inhibitor?", "content": "Is melatonin a microtubule inhibitor?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033076"}
{"pmid": "1033077", "title": "Configurational changes in rat liver nuclear chromatin and nucleoli caused by dissociation and reassociation of F1 histone.", "content": "Configurational changes in rat liver nuclear chromatin and nucleoli caused by dissociation and reassociation of F1 histone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033077"}
{"pmid": "1033078", "title": "Amino acid uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes.", "content": "Amino acid uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033078"}
{"pmid": "1033079", "title": "Cytoplasmic DNA-binding phosphoproteins of Physarum polycephalum.", "content": "Cytoplasmic DNA-binding phosphoproteins of Physarum polycephalum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033079"}
{"pmid": "1033080", "title": "Experimental studies on the influence of male alcoholism on pregnancy and progeny.", "content": "Experimental studies on the influence of male alcoholism on pregnancy and progeny. Chronic alcoholism was induced in male albino rats by an oral self-administration technique. Obvious signs of intoxication, withdrawal symptoms and reduced reproductive performance, as well as decreased serum glucose and serum testosterone levels, were observed in these animals. Notable differences were detected in prenatal mortality, mean litter size and sex ratio between the offspring of male alcoholic rats and the corresponding controls. In the alcohol-treated group the placental index was markedly reduced. However, the mean growth index showed no significant differences between the experimental and control groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033080"}
{"pmid": "1033081", "title": "Ultrastructural investigation of peripheral arterial vessels in the cortex of rats with experimental hypertension.", "content": "Ultrastructural investigation of peripheral arterial vessels in the cortex of rats with experimental hypertension. The peripheral arterial blood vessels in the cerebrum of 36 experimental animals and 9 controls were studied by electron microscopy. In 5 rats of these renal hypertension was produced (the animals were sacrificed 3 to 15 days following the second operation). 24 animals were treated with depot angiotensin (0.02 to 2.5 mg/daily) for 3 hr up to 40 days, and 7 rats were neurotized for 1 to 41/2 months. The alterations of the cerebral vessels were distinctly different within these 3 models already in the early reactions. Thus, even in the first 14 days of the experiment with renal and angiotensinogenic hypertension alterations were observed that did never occur in the neurotized rats. There were always observed disturbances in permeability of the cerebral vessels, but they were never followed by such heavy wall insudations as usually noticed in the splanchnic vessels. The less frequent occurrence of hemorrhages and malacic processes in the rat brain is ascribed aside from the physiological properties of the brain supply, to genetic factors and the absence of arteriosclerotic burden to the vascular wall in the non-dietetically pretreated experimental animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033081"}
{"pmid": "1033082", "title": "Endothelial lesions in the aorta of egg yolk-fed miniature swine: a study of scanning and transmission electron microscopy.", "content": "Endothelial lesions in the aorta of egg yolk-fed miniature swine: a study of scanning and transmission electron microscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033082"}
{"pmid": "1033083", "title": "Conformational dynamics of porcine pancreatic colipase: a 360MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance study.", "content": "Conformational dynamics of porcine pancreatic colipase: a 360MHz proton nuclear magnetic resonance study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033083"}
{"pmid": "1033084", "title": "Identification of the reactive sulphydryl group of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart.", "content": "Identification of the reactive sulphydryl group of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033084"}
{"pmid": "1033085", "title": "Correlation of the base specificity of DNA--intercalating ligands with their physico-chemical properties.", "content": "Correlation of the base specificity of DNA--intercalating ligands with their physico-chemical properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033085"}
{"pmid": "1033086", "title": "Porphyrin a as a precursor of heme a in Candida utilis.", "content": "Porphyrin a as a precursor of heme a in Candida utilis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033086"}
{"pmid": "1033087", "title": "The role of delta subunit in the coupling activity of chloroplast coupling factor 1.", "content": "The role of delta subunit in the coupling activity of chloroplast coupling factor 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033087"}
{"pmid": "1033088", "title": "Thymidine kinase enzyme variants in Physarum polycephalum; change of pattern during the synchronous mitotic cycle.", "content": "Thymidine kinase enzyme variants in Physarum polycephalum; change of pattern during the synchronous mitotic cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033088"}
{"pmid": "1033090", "title": "Histomorphological changes in the female reproductive tract of Suncus murinus sindensis (Anderson) during the oestrous cycle.", "content": "Histomorphological changes in the female reproductive tract of Suncus murinus sindensis (Anderson) during the oestrous cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033090"}
{"pmid": "1033094", "title": "A sequence of dependent stages in the development of Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "A sequence of dependent stages in the development of Dictyostelium discoideum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033094"}
{"pmid": "1033095", "title": "Polarization of fucoid eggs by steady electrical fields.", "content": "Polarization of fucoid eggs by steady electrical fields.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033095"}
{"pmid": "1033100", "title": "The qualitative and quantitative determinations of ecdysones in tissues of the crab, Pachygrapsus crassipes, following molt induction.", "content": "The qualitative and quantitative determinations of ecdysones in tissues of the crab, Pachygrapsus crassipes, following molt induction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033100"}
{"pmid": "1033103", "title": "Biorhythms and social work.", "content": "Biorhythms and social work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033103"}
{"pmid": "1033116", "title": "Predactious fungi Dactylaria pyriformis and Dactylaria thaumasia: production of attractants and nematicides.", "content": "Predactious fungi Dactylaria pyriformis and Dactylaria thaumasia: production of attractants and nematicides. Dactylaria pyriformis Juniper and Dactylaria thaumasia Drechsler are predacious fung forming three-edimensional sticky reticula in which nematodes are captured. It was shown by methods developed in our laboratory that in submerged cultivations both of these fungi produce substances attracting nematodes and compounds having nematicidal activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033116"}
{"pmid": "1033115", "title": "Effect of crotonaldehyde on the metabolism of Candida utilis during the production of single cell protein from ethanol.", "content": "Effect of crotonaldehyde on the metabolism of Candida utilis during the production of single cell protein from ethanol. The effect of 20 low-boiling compounds on the yeast Candida utilis 49 was assessed by a screening test on agar medium. The highest toxicity was exhibited by crotonaldehyde, allyl alcohol and acrolein. Oxidation and assimilation experiments in a slightly aerobic environment showed that an increase in the level of crotonaldehyde in the medium in the range of 10--20 mg 1-1 brings about a lowering of intensity of metabolic processes in Candida utilis, suppression of ethanol utilization and aerobic oxidation rate, a drop in biomass yield, prolongation of cultivation time, etc. The inhibitory effect of crotonaldehyde depends strongly on the manner of its dosage into the medium (single or continuous) and other cultivation conditions (intensity of medium aeration, physiological state of the culture, etc). Crotonaldehyde is lost from the medium partially by volatilization and partially due to chemical and biochemical transformation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033115"}
{"pmid": "1033135", "title": "Effect of d-galactosamine administration on nucleotide and protein metabolism in isolated rat Kupffer cells.", "content": "Effect of d-galactosamine administration on nucleotide and protein metabolism in isolated rat Kupffer cells. The nucleoti-e contents of isolated rat Kupffer cells were found to be smaller than those of hepatocytes. The rate of UDPGal formation from D-galactose was much lower in Kupffer cells than in hepatocytes. The viability of the former was checked by measuring the leakage of enzymes and the formation of UTP from uridine. Addition of GalN to isolated Kupffer cells did not decrease their UTP and UDPG contents as much as those of hepatocytes. The same results were obtained when cells were isolated from GalN-pretreated animals. The incorporation of labeled amino acids into protein after GalN addition was much less reduced in Kupffer cells than in hepatocytes. The data suggest that Kupffer cells do not contribute to GalN-induced liver injury as a result of uridylate trapping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033135"}
{"pmid": "1033137", "title": "Biosynthetic incorporation of fatty acids with photosensitive groups into membrane lipids of cells in tissue culture.", "content": "Biosynthetic incorporation of fatty acids with photosensitive groups into membrane lipids of cells in tissue culture. The physical methods (13C-NMR-spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy) hitherto used for the elucidation of lipid-lipid and lipid-protein interactions in artificial and simple natural membranes were extended to the application of fatty acids, phospholipids and sphingolipids with photochemical labels (azide group) in defined positions, which on photolysis generate nitrenes. These highly reactive groups react with neighbouring molecules, either lipids or polypeptide chains, with insertion or addition. Highly radioactive 12-azido[9,10-3H2]stearic acid, 12-azido[12-3H]oleic acid and 18-azido-[9,10,12,13-3H4]linoleic acid were added to the growth medium of eukaryotic cell lines in tissue culture (BHK 21 cells and Chang liver cells). They were incorporated into neutral, phosphoand sphingolipids in amounts comparable with the unsubstituted parent fatty acids. The distribution of the azido fatty acids in the phospholipids has been determined by enzymatic hydrolysis (phospholipase A2) on the basis of the distribution of their radioactivity. Radio gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy revealed that the azide group of the radioactive fatty acids remained unaltered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033137"}
{"pmid": "1033138", "title": "Biosynthetic labelling of membrane lipids of eukaryotic cells in tissue culture by a novel type of fluorescent fatty acids.", "content": "Biosynthetic labelling of membrane lipids of eukaryotic cells in tissue culture by a novel type of fluorescent fatty acids. W-Anthryl labelled fatty acids with hydrocarbon chains of different lengths (C8, C11, C15) and different degrees of unsaturation have been incorporated into the membrane lipids of three different cell lines in tissue culture by addition of these 3H-labelled precursor fatty acids to the growth medium. The cell lines were baby hamster kidney cells (BHK 21), Chang liver cells and the RN6 cell line derived from a chemically induced Schwannoma tumor cell clone. Cell growth was normal. The quantitative analysis on the basis of radioactivity determinations demonstrated that the fluorescent-labelled fatty acids were introduced into the neutral lipid fraction (triglycerides, diglycerides, and cholesterol esters, all present in small amounts), but mainly into the phospholipid classes phosphatidylcholine, -ethanolamine and -serine, and to a lesser extent, as N-acyl component of sphingolipids (sphingomyelins, ceramides, mono- and diglycosylceramides). Cell fractionation studies indicated that the membranes of all subcellular particles were labelled with the fluorescent probes in their lipid moieties. These w-anthryl fatty acids are the first type of fluorescent lipid precursors which can be incorporated biosynthetically in vivo into membrane lipids of eukaryotic cells. The effective incorporation of the bulky fluorescent anthryl group in the terminal position of fatty acids of different chain lengths into the complex membrane lipids of the cell gives proff of 1) their uninhibited membrane transport, 2) their activation by the acyl-CoA synthetase and 3) their substrate properties for the O- acyl and N-acyl transferases in phospho- and sphingolipid biosynthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033138"}
{"pmid": "1033139", "title": "Influence of insulin on lysosomal activity and urea production in isolated parenchymal cells from rat liver.", "content": "Influence of insulin on lysosomal activity and urea production in isolated parenchymal cells from rat liver. Non-latent (free) activities of two lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase) and urea production were measured in purified rat liver parenchymal cells incubated in the presence and absence of insulin. Non-latent enzyme activity was measured by including 0.25M sucrose in the assay mixtures to provide osmotic protection to the lysosomes. Total enzyme activity was estimated with Triton X-100 in the homogenates. Insulin was found to inhibit ureogenesis and to reduce non-latent lysosomal enzyme activity in the hepatocytes in vitro. Our data support the idea that insulin inhibits autophagy in rat liver parenchymal cells. Such an effect of insulin may also explain the inhibitory action of insulin on urea production in the rat liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033139"}
{"pmid": "1033140", "title": "A survey of patients leaving a mental hospital against medical advice.", "content": "A survey of patients leaving a mental hospital against medical advice. A consecutive series of 100 male psychiatric patients who requested release against medical advice during an 11-month period was compared with a control group consisting of a random sample of 100 patients admitted during the same period who did not submit such a request. The majority of those who submitted the request were alcoholics or schizophrenics. The authors found that a sizable number were either separated or divorced, were younger than patients in the control group, and were in more turbulent phases of their illness. A surprising finding was that 60 patients submitted the request while on an open ward.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033140"}
{"pmid": "1033141", "title": "Feedback: Norris, Larsen paper stimulates reports of similar efforts to identify service priorities.", "content": "Feedback: Norris, Larsen paper stimulates reports of similar efforts to identify service priorities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033141"}
{"pmid": "1033142", "title": "Reimbursement policies effective January 1, 1977.", "content": "Reimbursement policies effective January 1, 1977.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033142"}
{"pmid": "1033143", "title": "Comparison of skeletal muscle monolayer cultures initiated with cells dissociated by the vortex and trypsin methods.", "content": "Comparison of skeletal muscle monolayer cultures initiated with cells dissociated by the vortex and trypsin methods. Monolayer cultures of 12-day embryonic chick skeletal muscle were prepared from cells dissociated with crude trypsin (Difco 1:250) and by a mechanical method that utilizes shearing forces obtained in a vortex of flowing medium. For each technique, experiments were performed in which the feeding schedule and density of cells planted were varied. Culture growoth was observed microscopically and with time-lapse cinematography. Regardless of the parameter varied, the time of onset of fusion and the extent of myotube formation were greatly improved in cultures initiated with the vortex-dissociated muscle cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033143"}
{"pmid": "1033144", "title": "Enzyme separation techniques for the study of growth of cells from layers of bovine dental pulp.", "content": "Enzyme separation techniques for the study of growth of cells from layers of bovine dental pulp. Effects of the enzymes trypsin, papain, bromelains and ficin on bovine dental pulp tissue were studied. Minced or whole pulps were subjected to each enzyme at 17 degrees, 20 degrees and 37 degrees C for set time intervals, after which aliquots of supernatant fluid were removed for cell counts and viability tests. Pooled samples were subsequently cultured as monolayers in Eagle's MEM plus 10% calf serum. The dissociation characteristics were quite distinct for each enzyme, although quite similar between minced and whole pulp. A parallel histological study was made of the residual pulp tissue. Ficin was found to be the most suitable enzyme for future studies on the growth of isolated pulp cells from various layers of the bovine pulp, due to its even rate of cell removal, and the good initial viability and subsequent growth of the separated cells in monolayer culture. Further studies on ficin may show that it is more suitable for enzymatic separation of tissues generally than the more commonly used trypsin, a major advantage being its use in media containing Ca2+ and Mg2+.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033144"}
{"pmid": "1033145", "title": "Rainbow trout leukocyte culture: a simplified method.", "content": "Rainbow trout leukocyte culture: a simplified method. The addition of 10% fetal bovine serum to Leibovitz's L-15 culture medium resulted in marked growth of peripheral blood leukocytes from rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. Culture medium without serum or with 20% homologous serum did not induce substantial growth. In contrast to what has been reported by others, oxygenation of the culture medium was found not to be required for excellent cell growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033145"}
{"pmid": "1033146", "title": "Effect of atromid-S (clofibrate) on egg-yolk induced atherosclerosis in rabits.", "content": "Effect of atromid-S (clofibrate) on egg-yolk induced atherosclerosis in rabits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033146"}
{"pmid": "1033147", "title": "Relative combining affinities of anti-p-azophenylarsonate antibodies bearing a cross-reactive idiotype.", "content": "Relative combining affinities of anti-p-azophenylarsonate antibodies bearing a cross-reactive idiotype.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033147"}
{"pmid": "1033148", "title": "Development of immunoglobulin and antibody-synthesizing cells after immunization with different doses of antigen.", "content": "Development of immunoglobulin and antibody-synthesizing cells after immunization with different doses of antigen. The kinetics of development of antibody-synthesizing cells and of cells synthesizing immunoglobulins without detectable antibody function were studied in rats immunized with different doses (0-1, 1, 10, 100 mg) of horse radish peroxidase, bovine serum albumin, human serum albumin, hen ovalbumin, or human IgG, which had been deaggregated or heat-aggregated. Each antigen was injected once or twice as a solution in saline. Antibody and immunoglobulin-producing cells were detected in draining lymph nodes by immunohistochemical staining. In the primary response a few antibody-synthesizing cells were found whatever the dose injected. No increase or some increase was found with the amount of antigen injected, according to the protein used, but with all doses of antigen injected, the population of cells remained small, except with human IgG where a relatively high number of positive cells was detected even after injection of 1 mg of antigen. In the secondary response a few antibody-forming cells were also detected with the lower doses of antigen, but this population increased after boosting with 100 mg of antigen. With human IgG a greater number of positive cells was induced withall the doses tested. A correlation between the number of cells synthesizing immunoglobulins without antibody function and the amount of antigen injected was observed in the primary and secondary responses. The relative size of these two populations varied with the stage of immunity of the animals. In the primary response, the population of cells synthesizing immunoglobulins without antibody function was larger than the population of antibody-forming cells. The same was true in the secondary response, but if after a booster injection the level of antibody-synthesizing cells exceeded that reached in the primary response, the increase of cells synthesizing Ig without antibody function was smaller than the increase in antibody-forming cells. In general the more immunogenic an antigen was, the smaller was the ratio between antibody-forming cells and cells producing immunoglobulin without antibody function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033148"}
{"pmid": "1033149", "title": "Role of acetaldehyde in acetoin synthesis in yeasts & bacteria.", "content": "Role of acetaldehyde in acetoin synthesis in yeasts & bacteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033149"}
{"pmid": "1033150", "title": "Anthelmintic activity of berberine hydrochloride against Syphacia obvelata in mice.", "content": "Anthelmintic activity of berberine hydrochloride against Syphacia obvelata in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033150"}
{"pmid": "1033152", "title": "Utilization of heptachlor by fungi.", "content": "Utilization of heptachlor by fungi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033152"}
{"pmid": "1033151", "title": "Electrical activity of the nervous system of the aestivating snail Pila globosa (Swainson): part II-modification of electrical activity by body fluids and amino acids.", "content": "Electrical activity of the nervous system of the aestivating snail Pila globosa (Swainson): part II-modification of electrical activity by body fluids and amino acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033151"}
{"pmid": "1033153", "title": "Haemagglutinating property of buffalo-pox virus.", "content": "Haemagglutinating property of buffalo-pox virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033153"}
{"pmid": "1033154", "title": "Comparative evaluation of Fecalyzer diagnostic system with other methods for detection of ova in stool specimens.", "content": "Comparative evaluation of Fecalyzer diagnostic system with other methods for detection of ova in stool specimens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033154"}
{"pmid": "1033155", "title": "Sertoli-cell adenoma in a case of testicular feminisation--a case report.", "content": "Sertoli-cell adenoma in a case of testicular feminisation--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033155"}
{"pmid": "1033157", "title": "Reliability of self-reported age of first drug use: analysis of New York City narcotics register data.", "content": "Reliability of self-reported age of first drug use: analysis of New York City narcotics register data. New York City Narcotics Register data were analyzed to determine the consistency of self-reported age of first drug use among multiple reports on a single individual. There were 15,263 individuals with two or more reports between January 1973 and April 1974 which specified age of first drug use. Discrepancies were noted in 68% of cases; in 31% the responses differed by 3 or more years. Even among reports from a single agency, there were discrepancies in 45% of cases. The degree of consistency was only slightly better when the analysis was restricted to subjects 20 years of age and younger. No comparable inconsistency was observed with respect to self-reported year of birth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033157"}
{"pmid": "1033159", "title": "Diabetic macular edema.", "content": "Diabetic macular edema. Photocoagulation by either the argon laser or xenon arc instruments has been reported to have a beneficial effect in selected patients with macular edema. Treatment is not effective in all cases; indeed, in some patients with perifoveal capillary closure, severe macular edema, long-standing organized hard exudates, or significant cystoid maculopathy, treatment has proved to be ineffective. Findings associated with a generally favorable or an unfavorable prognosis following photocoagulation are discussed in this chapter, along with proper management of the patient's systemic status, with particular emphasis on the problem of hypertension, important in patients with diabetic macular edema. Because the results of photocoagulation are limited in a significant number of patients, further research into the basic pathogenetic mechanisms involved in increased retinal capillary permeability to recommended, with the hope of providing more effective therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033159"}
{"pmid": "1033156", "title": "Isolation of a factor causing morphological changes of chinese hamster ovary cells from the culture filtrate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.", "content": "Isolation of a factor causing morphological changes of chinese hamster ovary cells from the culture filtrate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. A factor changing Chinese hamster ovary cells from an oval to a spindle shape was isolated from the culture filtrate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus. It was partially purified by successive column chromatographies on diethylaminoethylcellulose, diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex A-25, hydroxylapatite, and Sephadex G-200. This factor was separated from thermostabl direct hemolysin and was heat labile.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033156"}
{"pmid": "1033160", "title": "Argon laser photocoagulation in retinal branch vein occlusions.", "content": "Argon laser photocoagulation in retinal branch vein occlusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033160"}
{"pmid": "1033161", "title": "Focal photocoagulation of retinovitreal neovascularization.", "content": "Focal photocoagulation of retinovitreal neovascularization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033161"}
{"pmid": "1033162", "title": "Complications of argon laser retinal photocoagulation: a five-year study.", "content": "Complications of argon laser retinal photocoagulation: a five-year study. The operator must become familiar with the dangers involved with argon laser photocoagulation. The hazards in the use of the argon laser slit-lamp photocoagulator derive from the same properties of the instrument that make it advantageous for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases: the wavelengths are highly absorbed by blood, and the beam can be focused to a small diameter. Of course complications can be avoided entirely by using applications so light the virtually no effect is obtained; but such an approach, although safe, cannot be therapeutic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033162"}
{"pmid": "1033163", "title": "Ruby laser photocoagulation of proliferating diabetic retinopathy: fifth-year followup.", "content": "Ruby laser photocoagulation of proliferating diabetic retinopathy: fifth-year followup.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033163"}
{"pmid": "1033164", "title": "Argon laser photocoagulation in ocular histoplasmosis syndrome.", "content": "Argon laser photocoagulation in ocular histoplasmosis syndrome. Argon laser photocoagulation was performed on 30 patients with ocular histoplasmosis syndrome involving the macula. Selection of patients for photocoagulation was dependent upon locating the sub-retinal neovascularization (SRNV) at least one vein-width removed from the capillary-free zone of the fovea on fluorescein angiography. Of the 30 treated patients, 27 maintained or improved visual acuity an average of 1 1/2 years following photocoagulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033164"}
{"pmid": "1033165", "title": "Photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy.", "content": "Photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033165"}
{"pmid": "1033158", "title": "Procedure for outpatient argon laser iridectomies for angle-closure glaucoma.", "content": "Procedure for outpatient argon laser iridectomies for angle-closure glaucoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033158"}
{"pmid": "1033166", "title": "Argon Laser Photocoagulation of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.", "content": "Argon Laser Photocoagulation of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033166"}
{"pmid": "1033167", "title": "Electrical parameters of the isolated cornea of the dogfish, Squalus acanthias.", "content": "Electrical parameters of the isolated cornea of the dogfish, Squalus acanthias. The electrical potential difference and electrical resistance of the nonswelling cornea of the dogfish, Squalus acanthias, were examined. It was found that routine procedures used in the procurement of fish invariably produce damage to the corneal epithelium which affects electrical measurements and possibly composition of the aqueous humor. We found no electrical evidence of ionic pumps in the corneal epithelium of this elasmobranch. The electrical resistance of corneas with apparently well-preserved epithelium was 300omega-cm.2 (compared to 30omega-cm.2 in corneas with damaged epithelium).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033167"}
{"pmid": "1033168", "title": "Retinol- and retinoic acid-binding proteins: occurrence in human retina and absence from human cultured fibroblasts.", "content": "Retinol- and retinoic acid-binding proteins: occurrence in human retina and absence from human cultured fibroblasts. Low-molecular-weight retinol- and retinoic acid-binding proteins were shown to be present in the soluble fraction of human retinal tissue but absent from human fibroblasts grown in tissue culture. By the use of gel filtration and comparison with bovine retinal tissue, the human intracellular binding proteins were found to have molecular weights of approximately 17,000 daltons, which are comparable to the molecular weights of bovine intracellular binding proteins. The quantity of retinoic acid bound exceeded that of retinol by about eightfold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033168"}
{"pmid": "1033169", "title": "Normal interaction of plasma retinol-binding protein from retinitis pigmentosa with bovine pigment epithelium.", "content": "Normal interaction of plasma retinol-binding protein from retinitis pigmentosa with bovine pigment epithelium. The interaction between retinol-binding protein and normal bovine pigment epithelium has been studied with the use of iodinated retinol-binding protein isolated from the plasma of patients with the recessive form of retinitis pigmentosa and of normal subjects. It is concluded that the capacity of the plasma carrier protein to interact with the retinol-binding protein receptor of bovine pigment epithelium is unimpaired in retinitis pigmentosa with autosomal recessive inheritance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033169"}
{"pmid": "1033170", "title": "Implications of family studies for the treatment of schizophrenia.", "content": "Implications of family studies for the treatment of schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033170"}
{"pmid": "1033171", "title": "Parents, children, and the moral benefits of research.", "content": "Parents, children, and the moral benefits of research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033171"}
{"pmid": "1033175", "title": "125I-Radioimmunoassay of amikacin and comparison with a microbioassay.", "content": "125I-Radioimmunoassay of amikacin and comparison with a microbioassay. A radioimmunoassay (RIA) has been developed using 125I-amikacin. Amikacin was iodinated by a modified BOLTON and HUNTER method. Dextran-charcoal was used to separate bound from free drug. The standard curve was linear on a logit-log plot in the range of 0.5 ng to 4 ng amikacin per tube. There was no cross-reactivity of amikacin antisera to the amino-glycosides gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin, and sisomicin but a 70% cross-reaction was observed with kanamycin, the compound from which amikacin is synthetically derived. Correlation of the RIA with a microbioassay for the determination of serum amikacin levels in 18 patient samples was excellent (r = 0.94). This new RIA technique is more sensitive, rapid, versatile, and less costly than the RIA using 3H-amikacin, and is far more sensitive and faster than microbioassay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033175"}
{"pmid": "1033172", "title": "A theoretical study of concentration of profiles of primary cytochemical-enzyme reaction products in membrane-bound cell organelles and its application to lysosomal acid phosphatase.", "content": "A theoretical study of concentration of profiles of primary cytochemical-enzyme reaction products in membrane-bound cell organelles and its application to lysosomal acid phosphatase. A numerical method was developed for computing the steady-state concentration gradient of a diffusible enzyme reaction product in a membrane-limited compartment of a simplified theoretical cell model. In cytochemical enzyme reactions proceeding according to the metal-capture principle, the local concentration of the primary reaction product is an important factor in the onset of the precipitation process and in the distribution of the final reaction product. The following variables were incorporated into the model: enzyme activity, substrate concentration, Km, diffusion coefficient of substrate and product, particle radius and cell radius. The method was applied to lysosomal acid phosphatase. Numerical values for the variables were estimated from experimental data in the literature. The results show that the calculated phosphate concentrations inside lysosomes are several orders of magnitude lower than the critical concentrations for efficient phosphate capture found in a previous experimental model study. Reasons for this apparent discrepancy are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033172"}
{"pmid": "1033174", "title": "Sensitivity distribution of phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi to antibiotics.", "content": "Sensitivity distribution of phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi to antibiotics. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of various antibiotics and fungicides for Erwinia carotovora, Pseudomonas coronafaciens var. atropurpurea, P. lachrymans, Alternaria mali, A. kikuchiana, Pyricularia oryzae, Botrytis sp. and Sclerotinia sp. isolated from diseased plants in various localities of Japan were examined to enable the isolates to be gruoped into sensitive and resistant strains. To minimize the effects of various variable conditions, MIC of isolates were pooled for either 2 or 3 years and were plotted in a single figure. The grouping values were determined on the basis of MIC values of the antibiotics and agricultural chemicals on phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi under investigations. The relationships between grouping values for isolates of bacteria and fungi and the control of disease on the plants correlated to each other were studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033174"}
{"pmid": "1033179", "title": "Effects of protease inhibitors of actinomycetes on the first component of human complement.", "content": "Effects of protease inhibitors of actinomycetes on the first component of human complement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033179"}
{"pmid": "1033176", "title": "Dehydrodicaffeic acid dilactone, an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase.", "content": "Dehydrodicaffeic acid dilactone, an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyl transferase. In the screening of catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, three compounds were isolated from the culture filtrate of a mushroom, Inonotus sp. One was 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid (caffeic acid) which had been reported as an inhibitor of this enzyme. The others were the dextrorotatory 2,6-bis-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dioxabicyclo-[3,3,0]-octane 4,8-dione (dehydrodicaffeic acid dilactone) andits antipode. These new compounds inhibited both dopamine beta-hydroxylase and dopa decarboxylase and showed hypotensive activity in the SH rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033176"}
{"pmid": "1033177", "title": "High performance liquid chromatography of natural products. I. Separation of cephalosporin C derivatives and cephalosporin antibiotics;isolation of cephalosporin C from fermentation broth.", "content": "High performance liquid chromatography of natural products. I. Separation of cephalosporin C derivatives and cephalosporin antibiotics;isolation of cephalosporin C from fermentation broth. Microbonded propylamine silica with a solvent system containing acetic acid, methanol, acetonitrile and water (2:4:7.5:86.5) is suitable for an efficient separation of mixtures containing several closely related cephem derivatives. The same system with preparative columns was used for the isolation of cephalosporin C directly from the filtered broth of C. acremonium fermentation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033177"}
{"pmid": "1033180", "title": "A simplified method for the gas-liquid chromatographic determination of methyl mercury in fish and shellfish.", "content": "A simplified method for the gas-liquid chromatographic determination of methyl mercury in fish and shellfish. A simple acetone wash of the fish sample which removes lipids and other organic materials replaces the cystein cleanup specified in other methods. Methyl mercury is freed by hydrochloric acid, extracted into benzene, and determined with a gas-liquid chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector. The method is quantitative for methyl mercury levels as low as 0.10 ppm in fish and shellfish. Ethyl mercury chloride may be used as an internal standard to detect unsuspected error or instrumental parameter variation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033180"}
{"pmid": "1033178", "title": "L-aspartate of erythromycin A cyclic 11,12-carbonate, a new semisynthetic erythromycin derivative.", "content": "L-aspartate of erythromycin A cyclic 11,12-carbonate, a new semisynthetic erythromycin derivative. Erythromycin A cyclic 11,12-carbonate, a compound with high antibacterial activity, forms with L-aspartic acid a salt possessing valuable properties as a potential chemotherapeutic agent. The L-aspartate of erythromycin A cyclic 11,12-carbonate exhibits strong anti-bacterial activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria and shows low toxicity. The serum and the lung tissue levels of the discussed salt after a single dose administration to a rat were measured in comparison with those of erythromycin, its L-aspartate, erythromycin cyclic 11,12-carbonate and its L-glutamate. The new erythromycin derivative showed definitely superior characteristics to those of the other substances tested. The activity of the L-aspartate of erythromycin A cyclic 11,12-carbonate in chemotherapy of experimental staphylococcal infection and experimental pneumococcal bronchopneumonia in mice is superior to that of the parent carbonate and erythromycin itself.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033178"}
{"pmid": "1033181", "title": "A study of renaturation of reduced hen egg white lysozyme. Enzymically active intermediates formed during oxidation of the reduced protein.", "content": "A study of renaturation of reduced hen egg white lysozyme. Enzymically active intermediates formed during oxidation of the reduced protein. The material obtained from reduced hen egg white lysozyme after complete air oxidation at pH 8.0 and 37 degrees has yielded, by gel filtration on a Bio-Gel P-30 column, enzymically active species and an enzymically inactive form which eluted sooner than the active species but later than expected for a dimer of lysozyme. Reduced lysozyme also elutes at the same position as this inactive material. Examination of the fragments produced on CNBr cleavage of the inactive form indicates that at least 24% of the population contains incorrect disulfide bonds involving half-cystine residues 6, 30, 115, and 127. Tryptophan fluorescence and the intrinsic viscosity of the inactive form show an enlarged molecular domain with a disordered conformation. The yield of the inactive form increases as the oxidation of reduced lysozyme is accelerated using cupric ion. In the presence of 4 X 10(-5) M cupric ion, reduced lysozyme forms almost quantitatively the inactive form, which is almost completely converted to the native form by sulfhydryl-disulfide interchange catalyzed by thiol groups of either reduced lysozyme or beta-mercaptoethanol. The material trapped by alkylation of the free sulfhydryl groups with [1-14C]iodoacetic acid during the early stage of air oxidation of reduced lysozyme was fractionated by gel filtration to permit separation of the active species from the inactive form. Ion exchange chromatography of the active species yielded completely renatured lysozyme and three major enzymically active radioactive derivatives. Two of these derivatives contained approximately 2 mol of S-carboxymethylcysteine. Isolation and characterization of radioactive tryptic peptides from each of the three active forms, permitted the identification of Cys 6 and Cys 127, Cys 76 and 94, and Cys 80 as the sulfhydryl groups alkylated in these three incompletely oxidized, partially active forms. Thus, it appears that the interatomic interactions maintaining the compact three-dimensional structure of native lysozyme are operational even when one of these three native disulfide bonds between Cys 6 and Cys 127, Cys 76 and Cys 94, and Cys 64 and 80 is open.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033181"}
{"pmid": "1033182", "title": "Ultrasonographic evaulation of breast masses.", "content": "Ultrasonographic evaulation of breast masses. B-mode ultrasonic contact scanning should be performed in conjunction with mammography in any patient with a palpable breast mass that is 1 cm or larger in diameter. Patients with masses that appear cystic on the sonogram should undergo needle aspiration of their masses. The fluid should then be cytologically examined for confirmation of its benign nature and repeat sonograms obtained to ensure that the mass has completely disappeared. Patients with masses appearing either solid or complex ultrasonographically should undergo surgical biopsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033182"}
{"pmid": "1033187", "title": "A simple, selective method for freeze-fracturing spherical cells.", "content": "A simple, selective method for freeze-fracturing spherical cells. A simple and selective method for freeze-fracturing spherical cells is described. The cells are loaded into the holes of a thin nickel screen. A metal hat is applied to the cell monolayer and the whole assembly, hat-cells-screen, is frozen and then fractured by ripping the hat off. The fractured face on the screen is replicated. By varying the size of the screen holes and by applying the hat to either side of the screen, this method can selectively expose the E face (or the outer half of plasma membrane), the P face (or the inner half of the plasma membrane), or the cytoplasm of the cells. It also provides a means to produce fractures at a preselected area on the cell, if the cells can be loaded onto the screen in an oriented fashion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033187"}
{"pmid": "1033184", "title": "Actin filament-membrane attachment: are membrane particles involved?", "content": "Actin filament-membrane attachment: are membrane particles involved? The association of actin filaments with membranes is an important feature in the motility of nonmuscle cells. We investigated the role of membrane particles in the attachment of actin filaments to membranes in those systems in which the attachment site can be identified. Freeze fractures through the end-on attachment site of the acrosomal filament bundles in Mytilus (mussel) and Limulus (horseshoe crab) sperm and the attachment site of the microvillar filament bundles in the brush border of intestinal epithelial cells were examined. There are no particles on the P face of the membrane at these sites in the sperm systems and generally none at these sites in microvilli. In microvilli, the actin filaments are also attached along their lengths to the membrane by bridges. When the isolated brush border is incubated in high concentrations of Mg++ (15 mM), the actin filaments form paracrystals and, as a result, the bridges are in register (330 A period). Under these conditions, alignment of the particles on the P face of the membrane into circumferential bands also occurs. However, these bands are generally separated by 800-900 A, indicating that all the bridges cannot be directly attached to membrane particles. Thus membrane particles are not directly involved in the attachment of actin filaments to membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033184"}
{"pmid": "1033191", "title": "Revised constitution, absolute configuration, and conformation of griseoviridin, a modified cyclic peptide antibiotic.", "content": "Revised constitution, absolute configuration, and conformation of griseoviridin, a modified cyclic peptide antibiotic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033191"}
{"pmid": "1033192", "title": "Amino-acids and peptides Part XVI. Synthesis of cyclo-[L-(alpha-amino)-beta-alanylglycyl-D-(alpha-amino)-beta-alanylglycyl] and related fourteen-membered cyclotetrapeptides.", "content": "Amino-acids and peptides Part XVI. Synthesis of cyclo-[L-(alpha-amino)-beta-alanylglycyl-D-(alpha-amino)-beta-alanylglycyl] and related fourteen-membered cyclotetrapeptides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033192"}
{"pmid": "1033193", "title": "Amino-acids and peptides. Part XVII. Synthesis of cyclo-[(O-t-butyl)-L-seryl-beta-alanyl-glycyl-(O-methyl)-L-beta-aspartyl], and observations on the rearrangement of beta-aspartyl peptides esters.", "content": "Amino-acids and peptides. Part XVII. Synthesis of cyclo-[(O-t-butyl)-L-seryl-beta-alanyl-glycyl-(O-methyl)-L-beta-aspartyl], and observations on the rearrangement of beta-aspartyl peptides esters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033193"}
{"pmid": "1033190", "title": "The distribution of anionic sites on the surface of the Golgi complex.", "content": "The distribution of anionic sites on the surface of the Golgi complex. The distribution of anionic binding sites has been investigated in the isolated Golgi complex using cationic ferritin. The greatest density of anionic sites occurs on the tubular network and small vesicles, and this binding is accompanied by increased levels of galactosyltransferase activity. The density of anionic sites on the cisternae is less than on the tubules and shows anisotropic distribution, with higher density on the convex surface and lower density on the concave surface. The distribution of anionic sites may reflect the functional activity of the Golgi complex and possibly the interaction or cohesion between cisternae in this organelle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033190"}
{"pmid": "1033188", "title": "Actin polymerization and interaction with other proteins in temperature-induced gelation of sea urchin egg extracts.", "content": "Actin polymerization and interaction with other proteins in temperature-induced gelation of sea urchin egg extracts. The gel which forms on warming the extracts of the cytoplasmic proteins of sea urchin eggs has been separated into two fractions, one containing F-actin and the other containing two proteins of 58,000 and 22,000 mol wt. When combined in 0.1 M KCl, even at 0 degrees C, these components will form gel material identical to that formed by warming extracts. This gel is a network of laterally aggregated F-actin filaments which are in register and which display a complex cross-banding pattern generated by the presence of the other two proteins. Low concentrations of calcium block the assembly of these proteins to form this complex structure, which may play some cytoskeletal role in the cytoplasm. This association of F-actin with the other proteins to form a gel is very likely the last step fo the process occurring in warmed extracts. At low temperatures, gelation of extracts is limited by the relative absence of F-actin, as demonstrated by the inability to sediment it at 100,000 g and also by the fact that gelation occurs immediately if exogenous F-actin is added to cold extracts. The transformation of the G-actin present in the extract to the F-form is apparently repressed at low temperatures. This is shown directly by the failure of added G-actin to polymerize at low temperatures in the presence of extract. These observations resemble those which have been reported on preparations from amoeboid cells and may be significant in the involvement of actin and these other proteins in cell division and later developmental processes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033188"}
{"pmid": "1033186", "title": "Association of microfilament bundles with lysosomes in polymorphonuclear leukocytes.", "content": "Association of microfilament bundles with lysosomes in polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The juxtaposition of microfilament bundles and lysosomes seen both in thin-sectioned cells in the transmission electron microscope and in cryofractured cells in the scanning electron microscope, and the presence of short filamentous structures between lysosomes and microfilament bundles, suggest that microfilaments may be attached to lysosomal membranes and that these filaments may be involved in lysosomal movements. Further work is in progress to test these hypotheses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033186"}
{"pmid": "1033189", "title": "An autoradiographic analysis of [3H]alpha-bungarotoxin distribution in the rat brain after intraventricular injection.", "content": "An autoradiographic analysis of [3H]alpha-bungarotoxin distribution in the rat brain after intraventricular injection. Purified alpha-bungarotoxin was isolated by chromatography and made radioactive with tritium ([3H]acetamidino-alpha-bungarotoxin). Infusions of [3H]alpha-bungarotoxin alone or preceded by tubocurarine or atropine were given into the third ventricle. 2. 12, or 24 h after injection the brains were prepared for autoradiography. Injections of alpha-bungarotoxin (radioinert) in buffer, or of [3H]parathyroid hormone in buffer, served as controls. The various patterns of labeling suggest the presence of nicotinic-cholinergic neurons within the arcuate and basolateral regions of the hypothalamus including the supraoptic and suprachiasmatic nuclei and, in addition, the central nucleus of the amygdala.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033189"}
{"pmid": "1033185", "title": "Topography of the synaptosomal membrane.", "content": "Topography of the synaptosomal membrane. The composition and disposition of the constituent polypeptides of rat cerebral cortical synaptosomal membranes were analyzed on SDS acrylamide gels. Of 20 bands readily detected, 11 account for greater than 93% of the total protein analyzed. These are: (molecu25); 3 (175); 4 (doublet, 137); 5 (doublet, 97); 6 (68); 7 (61); 8 (54); 9 (44); 10 (37); and 11 (33). Bands 5 and 8-10 are the most prominent and account for greater than 60% of the protein mass or 0.67 of its molecular fraction. By lactoperoxidase iodination, the bulk of the proteins in bands 3, 5, 6, and 8 and a portion of band 11 appear to be located on the external (junctional) face of the membrane of intact synaptosomes; proteins in bands 1, 2, 7, 9, and 10 appear to be localized on the internal (synaptoplasmic) face and become labeled only when synaptosomes are lysed. Further confirmation of the topographical distribution is provided by evidence that bands 3-6, 8, and 11 contain glycoproteins susceptible to labeling in intact synaptosomes by oxidation with galactose oxidase or periodate followed by reduction with NaB3H4. Evidence is provided for significant contributions by tubulin- and actin-like molecules to bands 8 and 9, respectively, suggesting that a substantial fraction of the tubulin in the synaptosomal membrane is disposed externally (accessible to iodination) whereas most, if not all, of the actin appears to exhibit the opposite topography. Similar though weaker inferences can also be drawn with regard to the location of tropomyosin and troponin. Preliminary evidence is provided that postsynaptic densities exhibit a protein and iodination profile distinct from that of the synpatosomal membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033185"}
{"pmid": "1033194", "title": "Amino-acids and peptides. Part XVIII. Studies relating to the synthesis and conformation of a novel bicyclic peptide system.", "content": "Amino-acids and peptides. Part XVIII. Studies relating to the synthesis and conformation of a novel bicyclic peptide system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033194"}
{"pmid": "1033196", "title": "Biosynthesis of natural products. Part 1. Incorporations of ent-Kaur-16-ene and ent-Kaur-16-en-15-one into enmein and oridonin.", "content": "Biosynthesis of natural products. Part 1. Incorporations of ent-Kaur-16-ene and ent-Kaur-16-en-15-one into enmein and oridonin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033196"}
{"pmid": "1033195", "title": "The biosynthesis of fungal metabolites. Part IX. Sclerin: feedings with [1,2-13C]acetate and[methyl-13C]methionine.", "content": "The biosynthesis of fungal metabolites. Part IX. Sclerin: feedings with [1,2-13C]acetate and[methyl-13C]methionine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033195"}
{"pmid": "1033197", "title": "Studies on steroids. Part 37. Synthesis of the four stereoisomers of 20,22-epoxycholesterol.", "content": "Studies on steroids. Part 37. Synthesis of the four stereoisomers of 20,22-epoxycholesterol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033197"}
{"pmid": "1033198", "title": "Carotenoids and related compounds. Part XXXIV. Synthesis of violerythrin and other cyclopentenediones.", "content": "Carotenoids and related compounds. Part XXXIV. Synthesis of violerythrin and other cyclopentenediones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033198"}
{"pmid": "1033202", "title": "Oxidation of some penicillins and other sulphides by use of a polymer-supported peroxy-acid.", "content": "Oxidation of some penicillins and other sulphides by use of a polymer-supported peroxy-acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033202"}
{"pmid": "1033199", "title": "New dibenz[d,f]azonine alkaloids from Cocculus laurifolius DC.", "content": "New dibenz[d,f]azonine alkaloids from Cocculus laurifolius DC.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033199"}
{"pmid": "1033200", "title": "Fusicoccin. Part 6. Biosynthesis of fusicoccin from [3-13C]- and (4R)-[4-3H]-mevalonic acid.", "content": "Fusicoccin. Part 6. Biosynthesis of fusicoccin from [3-13C]- and (4R)-[4-3H]-mevalonic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033200"}
{"pmid": "1033201", "title": "A highly stereospecific synthesis of (R)- and (S)-[2-3H]Glycine.", "content": "A highly stereospecific synthesis of (R)- and (S)-[2-3H]Glycine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033201"}
{"pmid": "1033203", "title": "Preparation of glycerols protected at the 2-hydroxy-group and their application to the synthesis of lipids.", "content": "Preparation of glycerols protected at the 2-hydroxy-group and their application to the synthesis of lipids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033203"}
{"pmid": "1033204", "title": "Synthesis of 7,10- and 7,8-dimethylbenz[c]acridine.", "content": "Synthesis of 7,10- and 7,8-dimethylbenz[c]acridine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033204"}
{"pmid": "1033206", "title": "Electron-capture gas chromatographic determination of residues of anthraquinone bird repellent.", "content": "Electron-capture gas chromatographic determination of residues of anthraquinone bird repellent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033206"}
{"pmid": "1033205", "title": "The socialization of 2-yr old boys: ecological findings.", "content": "The socialization of 2-yr old boys: ecological findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033205"}
{"pmid": "1033207", "title": "Some additional observations on the analysis of glyceryl ethers and chromatographically related lipids.", "content": "Some additional observations on the analysis of glyceryl ethers and chromatographically related lipids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033207"}
{"pmid": "1033211", "title": "Male-female differences and the influence of neonatal and adult testosterone on intraspecies aggression in rats.", "content": "Male-female differences and the influence of neonatal and adult testosterone on intraspecies aggression in rats. Male and female albino rats were tested for intraspecies aggression without the use of shock. In the first experiment, male pairs showed more biting attacks, offensive sideways movements, and self-grooming than did female pairs; male pairs also showed more stereotyped defensive/submissive behaviors and were wounded more frequently. The second experiment examined the effects of neonatal castration and testosterone propionate (TP) administration on fighting. Males castrated at birth attacked other males less frequently than did controls when tested with TP treatment as adults. The TP given at birth to neonatally castrated males restored attacks to control levels. Females given TP as neonates did not differ from either male or female controls. Other aggressive/defensive behaviors, however, did not show this pattern. The results suggest that while the presence of testosterone during a brief postnatal period and during adulthood is necessary for attack behavior to occur, other related behaviors may not be affected in a similar manner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033211"}
{"pmid": "1033212", "title": "Feeding behavior of steers fed a complete mixed ration.", "content": "Feeding behavior of steers fed a complete mixed ration. Feeding behavior of five Holstein steers fed a complete mixed ration was studied by use of individual, electronically controlled feeding behavior units. Both individual meal and daily behavioral parameters were measured. Number of meals, size of each individual meal, time spent eating, and intervals between meals were measured. Eating rates were then calculated. Diurnal feeding patterns were observed with 60.9% of the meals occurring between 0600 and 1800 h. For individual meals, body weight accounted for less than 30% of the variation in meal size. Average meal size was 414.5 g. Respective means for overall meal duration, actual meal duration, overall eating rate, and actual eating rate were 20.3 min, 13.7 min, 23.1 g/min, and 30.0 g/min. Meal size per body weight (g/kg or g/kg.75) was relatively constant during observation. Both increased eating rate and increased meal length were associated with larger meals. However, eating rate tended to plateau while meal length continued to increase with larger meals. Steers consumed 10.01 meals per day while total daily overall meal duration and actual meal duration were 220.9 and 156.4 min.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033212"}
{"pmid": "1033209", "title": "Umbilical uptake of amino acids in the unstressed fetal lamb.", "content": "Umbilical uptake of amino acids in the unstressed fetal lamb. The whole blood concentrations of 22 amino acids were measured in a chronic, unstressed fetal lamb preparations. Samples were taken daily from the umbilical artery, umbilical vein, and maternal artery over the latter quarter of gestation. 73 sets of samples (from the umbilical artery and vein and the maternal artery) from 13 animals were analyzed for amino acid levels. Oxygen contents were determined simultaneously in 48 sets (umbilical artery and vein) to relate fetal oxygen consumption to amino acid uptake via the umbilical circulation. The results indicate that there is no umbilical uptake of the acidic amino acids, glutamate and aspartate; there is, in fact, a net flux of glutamate out of the fetus into the placenta. As both of these amino acids are major constituents of body proteins, the data indicate that they are formed within the fetus. The umbilical uptake of some neutral and basic amino acids (e.g., valine, leucine, isoleucine, arginine, phenylalanine, and tyrosine) is in considerable excess of estimated growth requirements, suggesting that some amino acids undergo extensive transamination and oxidative degradation in the fetus. Finally, the net uptake of nitrogen, carbon, and calories by the growing ovine fetus in the form of amino acids, glucose, and lactate is compared to estimated requirements as determined in previous studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033209"}
{"pmid": "1033210", "title": "Motivated behaviors elicited from hypothalamus, midbrain, and pons of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus).", "content": "Motivated behaviors elicited from hypothalamus, midbrain, and pons of the guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). Eating, drinking, biting attack, male mating behavior, and gnawing were elicited by electrical stimulation through electrodes located predominantly in a region extending from the preoptic area through the lateral hypothalamus into the ventral midbrain. Escape and digging were elicited from a parallel but more medial region that overlapped the lateral zone only in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamic area. Several differentiable vocalizations were produced from sites distributed through most, although not all, areas explored. Sites yielding painlike responses were located principally in the vicinity of the presumed pain pathway traced after anterolateral cordotomy in other species. Reward was obtained from widespread sites that were generally congruent with catecholaminergic systems as described in the rat. Although there was considerable overlap of the effective zones for many responses, their underlying mechanisms were differentiated anatomically by localized differences in their distribution or functionally by the elicitation of pure responses from some electrodes. Response mechanisms localized in the brain stem of the guinea pig generally resembled those in the rat, although there were differences in details, especially in the posterior midbrain and pons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033210"}
{"pmid": "1033218", "title": "Structural conflict and object relations conflict.", "content": "Structural conflict and object relations conflict. A hierarchical model of the mind is required for a more integrated understanding of psychic conflict. At a higher developmental level, the hierarchical model includes the tripartite model, and at a lower level it includes an object-relations model. Psychic conflicts may be classified into object relations conflicts and structural conflicts. The object-relations class of psychic conflict covers the phase of psychic development prior to id-ego-superego differentiation. The earlier psychoanalytic writings tended to ascribe all kinds of symptoms, conflicts, and disorders to structural conflicts. Logical and empirical evidence against the universality of structural conflicts in various disorders and symptoms, even psychoneurotic symptoms, has been summarized and discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033218"}
{"pmid": "1033216", "title": "Kinetic studies of the reduction of hemoglobin and myoglobin by chromium(II).", "content": "Kinetic studies of the reduction of hemoglobin and myoglobin by chromium(II).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033216"}
{"pmid": "1033208", "title": "Translation and stability of human globin mRNA in Xenopus oocytes.", "content": "Translation and stability of human globin mRNA in Xenopus oocytes. Human globin messenger RNA (mRNA) prepared from erythroid cells of patients with sickle cell anemia has been translated in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Addition of hemin to the injected mRNA causes total globin synthesis to increase and the ratio of alpha- to betas-globin synthesis (alpha/betas ratio) to approach unity. To determine the effect of the length of the poly-(A) segment on human globin mRNA stability, 10 S globin mRNA was fractionated into poly-(A)-poor fractions by oligo (dT)-cellulose column chromatography. When oocytes are injected with each of these fractions, translation of the poly-(A)-rich globin mRNA is sustained for a longer period than that of the poly-(A)-poor mRNA. Regardless of the mRNA fraction injected, the alpha/betas ratio of the synthesized globin decreases as the injected oocytes are incubated for longer periods. The results indicate that in frog oocytes poly-(A)-rich mRNA has greater translational stability than poly-(A)-poor mRNA, AND beta-mRNA has greater stability than alpha-mRNA with comparable poly-(A) content.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033208"}
{"pmid": "1033214", "title": "Selenium and vitamin E and incidence of retained placenta in parturient dairy cows.", "content": "Selenium and vitamin E and incidence of retained placenta in parturient dairy cows. In a 2 X 2 X 2 factorial experiment, protein intake, selenium supplementation, and intake of phosphorus were related to the incidence of retained placenta in cows fed varying concentrations of these nutrients during the dry period. The population incidence of 38% retained placenta in 26 control cows was independent of phosphorus intake which ranged between 39 and 95 g per day. When a protein supplement was included in the concentrate as soybean meal, the incidence of retained placenta was reduced to 20% for supplemented animals from 50% for the animals that received no soybean meal. This increased protein in the ration was reflective of a mean increase from .02 ppm of selenium to .06 ppm of selenium in the ration. By increasing the mean daily intake of selenium at least 3 wk prepartum from .23 mg to .92 mg daily, overall incidence of retained placenta was reduced from 38% to 0%. A positive prophylactic effect was achieved regardless of whether alpha tocopherol was supplemented as well. These mature dairy cows were deficient in selenium, and supplementation of selenium reduced the incidence of retained placenta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033214"}
{"pmid": "1033213", "title": "Rapeseed meal in complete feeds for dairy cows.", "content": "Rapeseed meal in complete feeds for dairy cows. Three complete feeds containing low glucosinolate, low erucic acid rapeseed meal (Cultivar \"1788\"), high glucosinolate, low erucic acid rapeseed meal (Cultivar \"Span\"), or soybean meal as protein supplement were evaluated with lactating Holstein cows in a double 3 X 3 Latin square design. Lactation performance, hematology, blood chemistry, serum-free amino acids, rumen volatile fatty acid concentrations, and milk fatty acid composition were measured. The 1788 ration tended to increase yield of milk and of total solids. Hematology, blood chemistry, and serum-free amino acid data showed no differencein utilization of nitrogen. Concentrations of volatile fatty acids were not different. Feeding of the high glucosinolate Span ration did not reduce feed intake. However, there were indications that Span-fed cows may have experienced hypothyroidism. No differences were in erucic acid content of milk fat, and concentrations were low. Rapeseed meals 1788 and Span and soybean meal were equal as protein supplements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033213"}
{"pmid": "1033183", "title": "Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis: long-term surgical results.", "content": "Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis: long-term surgical results. The results of surgery in 21 patients with I.H.S.S. are reported. Dyspnea, angina pectoris and syncope were the most common symptoms in decreasing frequency. Before the operation, 5 patients were in New York Heart Association's functional class II, 10 in class III and 6 in class IV. The mean resting peak systolic pressure gradient was 66 mm Hg in 20 patients and mean left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was 14 mm Hg in 19 patients. The ventriculoseptomyectomy accomplished through a transaortic approach is the procedure of choice. The operative mortality rate was 14% (3 of 21 patients). There were 2 late deaths from congestive heart failure. Any sudden death did not occur. The remaining 16 patients have been followed up for a mean of 75 months (range 12 months to 11 years), 11 patients are in functional class I, 4 in class II and 1 in class III. Complete left-bundle-branch block occurred in 3 patients. Our study with a long post-operative follow-up period, documents that surgery results in good to excellent alleviation of symptoms in survivors. The elevated pre-operative left ventricular end-diastolic pressure has a significantly poor prognosis. We currently recommend surgery for the symptomatic patients who have not responded to medical therapy, not late in the symptomatic course of the disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033183"}
{"pmid": "1033215", "title": "Amounts and sources of protein for dairy calves.", "content": "Amounts and sources of protein for dairy calves. Female Holstein calves (178) were fed rations varying from 10 to 17% crude protein (air dry) from 30 to 102 days of age. Ten percent was inadequate resulting in less body weight, gain, withers height, and heart girth than rations containing 12 to 17% crude protein. In trial 1 addition of urea, biuret, or ammonia-molasses to a 12% diet to make a 16% crude protein diet allowed gains and weights indistinguishable from those on a 12 or 16% crude protein soybean meal ration. In another trial, addition of urea, biuret, or ammonium propionate to a 10% ration to make a 14% ration allowed insignificantly greater gains and body weight. Gains and body weight were greater for the 14% soybean meal ration than the three non-protein-nitrogen rations for calves to 71 days of age but equal for 71 to 102 days. Gain, body weight, dry matter, and protein intakes at most dates and intervals were greater for calves fed the 14% soybean meal ration than the 10% ration. When 10, 12, 14, and 16% soybean meal rations were compared simultaneously, only the 10% crude protein ration gave inferior performance. Gains were reduced when average daily crude protein intake for the 72 day trail was 258 g or less. Calves fed lupine or dried poultry waste did not gain or consume as much as those fed comparable soybean meal rations. Calves fed a 17% crude protein ration from several protein sources plus alfalfa hay gained no much than those fed the 12 to 16% crude protein rations. Regression analysis relating dry matter and protein intake to body weight or gains indicated both dry matter intake and protein percentage were about equally important from day 41 to 72 and that after this age dry matter intake was of much greater importance than protein percentage. Protein intake expressed as g/day was not of importance in this regression. Weaning at day 42 allowed for greater body weight and gains than weaning at day 32. The difference in body weight was 2.5 kg at day 42 and 7 kg at day 102.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033215"}
{"pmid": "1033219", "title": "Aspiculuris tetraptera in wild Mus musculus. Age resistance and acquired immunity.", "content": "Aspiculuris tetraptera in wild Mus musculus. Age resistance and acquired immunity. Wild house mice, naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera were segregated according to their weight into six age groups. The prevalence of infection and the mean worm burden of these mice were studied in the different age groups. The overall prevalence of infection was high (57% or more) in all the groups except the youngest. Mice acquired larvae soon after weaning; the highest larval burdens were reached in juvenile mice and the highest mature worm burdens, a group later, in mature mice. Older mice had fewer larvae and fewer mature worms. The mature worm burdens decreased but relatively slower than the larval burdens. It is suggested that eigher innate or acquired resistance could account for these observations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033219"}
{"pmid": "1033217", "title": "Quality factors in beef, pork, and lamb cooked by microwaves.", "content": "Quality factors in beef, pork, and lamb cooked by microwaves. Three cooking treatments were applied to the longissimus muscle of beef and of pork and to deboned leg of lamb. Cooking treatments included: Intermittent energy application (3-min. cycle) with a microwave range operated at 220V and intermittent energy application (6-min. cycle) with a microwave range operated at 115V. Control roasts were cooked in a conventional gas oven (163+/-3 degrees C.). Cooking was adjusted so that roasts achieved an internal temperature of 70 degrees C. when cut for analyses. Cooking losses were significantly greater for microwave than for conventionally cooked beef. However, microwave cooking resulted in beef, pork, and lamb roasts with flavor of interior portions similar to those prepared conventionally. Flavor differences in samples from the edge of the slices of lamb and of pork and tenderness of lamb appeared to be related to cooking method. For these attributes, meat cooked conventionally was superior. In contrast, patterns in significant differences in tenderness and juiciness of beef and of pork were not consistent and were not related solely to method of cookery. Neither creatine nor creatinine was a good index of flavor of meat cooked by these methods. Aside from the time-saving aspect of microwave heating, there was no major advantage of one method of cooking over another. Thus, either high- or low- powered microwave equipment, operated at 2450 MHz, can be used satisfactorily for cooking tender cuts of beef, pork, and lamb.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033217"}
{"pmid": "1033224", "title": "Genus Microsporum dermatophytes in eastern Bohemia.", "content": "Genus Microsporum dermatophytes in eastern Bohemia. The authors presented a taxonomic survey of dermatophytes of the genus Microsporum. From the 19 species described so far, they isolated ten species in the region of Eastern Bohemia. Only the species Microsporum cookel and M. gypsem are considered to be endemic species. The remaining are regarded as imported dermatophytes which are not able to maintain their existence permanently in the conditions of the mentioned region. Data on the findings of the individual species were completed by the authors' remarks on their primary hosts and/or substrates of heterotrophy, frequency of occurrence and geographical distribution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033224"}
{"pmid": "1033223", "title": "Assessment of effectivity of oral killed typhoid and paratyphoid B vaccines and aerosol chemical typhoid vaccine in controlled field trials.", "content": "Assessment of effectivity of oral killed typhoid and paratyphoid B vaccines and aerosol chemical typhoid vaccine in controlled field trials. A total of 3 controlled field trials were carried out. One of them (1963) showed that aerosol chemical typhoid vaccine did not protect vaccinated subjects from the disease. Two other tests (1964 and 1965) assessing the effectivity of killed orally administered typhoid vaccine revealed a short term (up to 3 months) protective effect expressed by an effectivity coefficient of 45%, fiducial limits being 8-70%. In the assessment of oral paratyphoid B vaccine, the difference in morbidity in the experimental and control groups was statistically insignificant due to a small number of cases of disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033223"}
{"pmid": "1033225", "title": "Reliability of the serological method of examination as a basis for diagnosis of associated respiratory virus infections.", "content": "Reliability of the serological method of examination as a basis for diagnosis of associated respiratory virus infections. The reliability of the results of serological examination in diagnostics of associated infections was studied on a model of artificially provoked vaccinal infections in humans and in laboratory animals. The effect of administered monopreparations on changes in the level of both homologous and heterologous antibodies was tested. The character of immunological changes following simultaneous administration of two or more respiratory viruses was analysed and the effect of these viruses in diseases of divers etiology was studied. According to the results of experiments on laboratory animals, repeated administration of any of the earlier used respiratory viruses stimulated the accumulation of only homologous antibodies while heterologous antibodies did not increase at all. The results revealed the possibility of simultaneous immunological reorganization of a child's organism in response to the influence of several different antigens from the group of respiratory viruses acting synchronously or in succession. Results of the analysis demonstrated the reliability of the employed serological methods of diagnosis of respiratory virus infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033225"}
{"pmid": "1033226", "title": "A note on single- and two-dose immunogenicity tests of inactive virus vaccine in chicks.", "content": "A note on single- and two-dose immunogenicity tests of inactive virus vaccine in chicks. Single dose extinction limit test ot inactive polio vaccine in chicks lasts 4 days and offers the same results as the two-dose test which requires 14 days. When \"long-term\" incubation instead of \"conventional\" 2 hours-incubation of the serum/virus mixtures in the neutralization reaction was used, extinction limit values higher by 0.6-0.7 log10 were regularly obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033226"}
{"pmid": "1033228", "title": "Human infections caused by V. parahaemolyticus in Czechoslovakia.", "content": "Human infections caused by V. parahaemolyticus in Czechoslovakia. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated in two subjects with acute gastroenteritis. The patients history included stay in Pakistan or India. They probably contracted the infection on board an aeroplane where they ingested cold meal containing sea products. The possibility of this conditioned pathogen occurring also in an inland country is pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033228"}
{"pmid": "1033230", "title": "Isolation of antibody-forming cells by using cluster formation in combination with velocity sedimentation.", "content": "Isolation of antibody-forming cells by using cluster formation in combination with velocity sedimentation. A method is described for isolation of antibody-forming cells with the help of cluster formation. This was achieved by incubating spleen cells from immunized mice with sheep erythrocytes at 37 degrees C. During incubation rabbit-anti-mouse immunoglobulin serum was present in order to facilitate the formation of clusters. Thereafter the clusters were isolated by velocity sedimentation. In this way we obtained suspensions containing more than 80% clusters. Some of the cells in the clusters still produced antibodies against sheep erythrocytes cultured for two days in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033230"}
{"pmid": "1033231", "title": "Quantitative alterations in the genital microflora of female rats in relation to the estrous cycle.", "content": "Quantitative alterations in the genital microflora of female rats in relation to the estrous cycle. The virgin female laboratory rat has been studied as a model of the ecosystem represented by the vaginal mucosa and its bacterial flora. Gram-stained vaginal smears abtained from rats having normal estrous cycles showed cyclic variation in the number of bacteria present. Viable plate counts of material obtained by vaginal lavage demonstrated daily changes in the density of the bacterial population of the vagina in relation to the estrous cycle. Bacterial counts observed during the estrus phase of the cycle in individual rats were 10,000 to 100,000 times greater than viable counts observed during the metestrus or diestrus phases of the cycle. These studies represent the first reported demonstration that physiologic changes occurring during the estrous cycle control the size of the bacterial population of the vagina.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033231"}
{"pmid": "1033260", "title": "Endotoxin and prevention of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.", "content": "Endotoxin and prevention of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Endotoxin is known both to stimulate prostaglandin production and to abolish the pulmonary vascular pressor response to hypoxia. The present study demonstrated that two inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis, meclofenamate and indomethacin, prevent loss of pulmonary vasoconstriction due to hypoxia when sublethal doses of endotoxin are administered. This suggests that endotoxin may stimulate the production of a dilator prostaglandin which would oppose the hypoxic vasoconstriction, but other ways in which these inhibitor drugs might act are considered. Endotoxin damages platelets and leukocytes, both of which can form prostaglandins and could be the source of a dilator prostaglandin. However, in these experiments endotoxin abolished the hypoxic pressor response in dogs rendered severely thrombocytopenic by platelet antiserum. This suggests that platelets are not involved. In further experiments blood from anesthetized dogs was circulated through glass bead columns. Changes in the leukocyte count following perfusion were correlated with changes in the subsequent pressor response to hypoxia. The possibility that leukocytes may be involved in the effect of endotoxin on the hypoxic pressor response is considered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033260"}
{"pmid": "1033261", "title": "Sterol content of the Myxomycetes Physarum polycephalum and P. flavicomum.", "content": "Sterol content of the Myxomycetes Physarum polycephalum and P. flavicomum. The sterol content of two Myxomycetes, Physarum polycephalum and P. flavicomum has been examined. The sterols of the two species are apparently identical, the two major sterols in each being poriferasterol and 22-dihydroporiferasterol. Threee minor sterols are probably delta5-ergostenol, ergostanol, and poriferastanol. The triterpenoids of the two species differ in that, though lanosterol was identified in both, 22-dihydrolanosterol was indicated only in P. flavicomum. The occurrence of lanosterol together with a typical mixture of plant sterols is somewhat unusual.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033261"}
{"pmid": "1033262", "title": "The general occurrence of mitochondrial nuclei in the true slime mold.", "content": "The general occurrence of mitochondrial nuclei in the true slime mold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033262"}
{"pmid": "1033263", "title": "Electron microscopic studies on macrophages. I. Effects of colchicine and cytochalasin B on the cell cortex as revealed by scanning electron microscopy.", "content": "Electron microscopic studies on macrophages. I. Effects of colchicine and cytochalasin B on the cell cortex as revealed by scanning electron microscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033263"}
{"pmid": "1033264", "title": "Occurrence of Birbeck granules in the macrophage of mouse lymph nodes.", "content": "Occurrence of Birbeck granules in the macrophage of mouse lymph nodes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033264"}
{"pmid": "1033265", "title": "Passive potassium transport in LK sheep red cells. Effects of anti-L antibody and intracellular potassium.", "content": "Passive potassium transport in LK sheep red cells. Effects of anti-L antibody and intracellular potassium. The passive K influx in low K(LK) red blood cells of sheep saturates with increasing external K concentration, indicating that this mode of transport is mediated by membrane-associated sites. The passive K influx, iMLK, is inhibited by external Na. Isoimmune anti-L serum, known to stimulate active K transport in LK sheep red cells, inhibits iMLK about twofold. iMLK is affected by changes in intracellular K concentration, [K]i, in a complex fashion: increasing [K]i from near zero stimulates iMLK, while further increases in [K]i, above 3 mmol/liter cells, inhibit iMLK. The passive K influx is not mediated by K-K exchange diffusion. The effects of anti-L antibody and [K]i on passive cation transport are specific for K: neither factor affects passive Na transport. The common characteristics of passive and active K influx suggest that iMLK is mediated by inactive Na-K pump sites, and that the inability to translocate Na characterizes the inactive pumps. Anti-L antibody stimulates the K pump in reticulocytes of LK sheep. However, anti-L has no effect on iMLK in these cells, apparently because reticulocytes do not have the inactive pump sites which, in mature LK cells, are a consequence of the process of maturation of circulating LK cells. The results also indicate that anti-L alters the maximum velocity of both active and passive K fluxes by converting pumps sites from a form mediating passive K influx to an actively transporting form.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033265"}
{"pmid": "1033266", "title": "Ultrastructure of an indigotin-producing dome mutant of Schizophyllum commune.", "content": "Ultrastructure of an indigotin-producing dome mutant of Schizophyllum commune. Electron microscopic observations of an indigotin-producing dome mutant of Schizophyllum commune Fr. have shown that large wall ingrowths occur within the hyphae. These ingrowths are coupled with morphological abnormalities produced by the dome mutation. The pigment indigotin appears to be produced by progressive condensation within vacuoles and to a lesser extent within the wall ingrowths. Cytochemical techniques have shown that the wall ingrowths are similar in structure to the hyphal walls. there was no evidence for the passage of condensed indigotin into the medium; the pigment granules found in the medium must therefore form outside the hyphae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033266"}
{"pmid": "1033267", "title": "Studies on basidiospore development in Schizophyllum commune.", "content": "Studies on basidiospore development in Schizophyllum commune. The time required for synthesis of the spore components and the effect of different environmental conditions on basidiospore production were studied in the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune. Both exogenous glucose and storage materials were used in the synthesis of spore components, which took 40 to 45 h to complete. A temperature of 30 degrees C, the presence of 5% CO2, a continuous supply of glucose, or a lack of exogenous glucose, had no effect on the rate of spore production. Light, however, was required for sporulation. Darkness inhibited sporulation between karyogamy and the initiation of meiosis: complete inhibition occurred after 48 h in the dark. Spores were produced 5 h after release from dark inhibition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033267"}
{"pmid": "1033268", "title": "Genetic analysis of radiation-sensitive mutations in the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "Genetic analysis of radiation-sensitive mutations in the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. The linkage of two mutations leading to increased sensitivity to ultraviolet light and 60Co gamma rays was determined in the slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum using a genetic analysis based on the parasexual cycle. Diploids were selected from a mixture of radiation-sensitive, temperature-resistant and radiation-resistant, temperature-sensitive haploids on the basis of simultaneous radiation and temperature resistance. Analysis of drug-resistant haploid segregants of the heterozygous diploids indicated that one of the radiation-sensitive mutations, radA20, was linked to linkage group I whereas the other, radB13, was linked to the recently defined linkage group VI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033268"}
{"pmid": "1033269", "title": "Purification of two components of mouse L cell interferon: electrophoretic demonstration of interferon proteins.", "content": "Purification of two components of mouse L cell interferon: electrophoretic demonstration of interferon proteins. Mouse L cell interferon induced by Newcastle disease virus was purified by the procedure described previously (Yamamoto et al. 1974) followed by gel filtration. The two fractions obtained containing interferon species S (36000 daltons) and F (24000 daltons), respectively, were analysed electrophoretically at pH 4-3, or in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) at pH 7-2. In both fractions, interferon activity was invariably associated with distinct protein bands. In the F-containing fraction there were essentially no other proteins, and in the S-containing fraction, impurity proteins were well separated from the interferon activity. The apparent mol. wt. determined by SDS-gel electrophoresis showed little or no dependence on gel concentration, suggesting that the interferons had low carbohydrate contents, and did not change after reduction with thiol reagents in SDS and urea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033269"}
{"pmid": "1033270", "title": "The production and action of interferon in Chinese hamster cells.", "content": "The production and action of interferon in Chinese hamster cells. The interferon system has been investigated in primary cell cultures established from Chinese hamster embryos and new born pups. Interferon synthesis was induced with Sindbis virus, ultraviolet inrradiated Newcastle disease virus (u.v.-NDV) and with polyriboinosine acid-polyribocytidylic acid complex [poly (rI). poly (rC)]. Only u.v.-NDV induced significant production of interferon, maximum amounts being produced in 'aged' cells. Its apparent mol. wt. was 25000. CHO-KI cells, an established line of Chinese hamster cells, did not synthesize interferon in response to viruses, but were sensitive to its action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033270"}
{"pmid": "1033271", "title": "A survey of Rorschach teaching in APA-approved clinical graduate programs.", "content": "A survey of Rorschach teaching in APA-approved clinical graduate programs. A questionnaire on teaching of the Rorschach technique was sent to all APA-approved graduate clinical psychology programs in the United States and Canada. The questionnaire asked for the degree of emphasis placed on the Rorschach in the primary assessment course, the Rorschach teaching experience of the respondent and the respondent's evaluation of the technique as a clinical tool, a teaching aid and a research instrument. The respondent in each case was the faculty member teaching the major diagnostic assessment course. There was a 100% return of the questionnaires. The major results show that (1) 81% of the programs place major emphasis on the Rorschach Technique in the assessment course; (2) only 24% of the programs offer the course for a full year; (3) respondents with more than 10 years teaching experience rated the Rorschach higher than respondents with less experience, and (4) respondents as a group rated the Rorschach highly as a clinical tool and teaching aid, but gave it generally low ratings as a research instrument.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033271"}
{"pmid": "1033272", "title": "Systems approach to vaginal delivery of drugs III: Simulation studies interfacing steroid release from silicone matrix and vaginal absorption in rabbits.", "content": "Systems approach to vaginal delivery of drugs III: Simulation studies interfacing steroid release from silicone matrix and vaginal absorption in rabbits. A composite physical model involving the simultaneous receding boundary release of drug from a drug suspension-silicone polymer matrix system, diffusion across the aqueous layer, and passive transport across the vaginal membrane consisting of parallel lipoidal and aqueous pore pathways is described. Simulation studies with progesterone and hydrocortisone illustrate matrix release-limiting, membrane absorption, and aqueous diffusion layer-limiting cases when the cylindrical silicone delivery device is interfaced with the vaginal membrane of the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033272"}
{"pmid": "1033273", "title": "Caffeine in plasma and saliva by a radioimmunoassay procedure.", "content": "Caffeine in plasma and saliva by a radioimmunoassay procedure. Caffeine was analyzed in human plasma and saliva by a simple, rapid, and sensitive radioimmunoassay procedure. Immunization of rabbits with an antigen prepared by coupling 7-(5-carboxypentyl)-1,3-dimethylxanthine to bovine serum albumin resulted in the formation of antibodies selective for caffeine as opposed to various mono- and dimethylxanthines, mono-, di-, and trimethyluric acids and a variety of common drugs. The radioligand used for competitive binding studies was 7-(2,3-3H2-propyl)-1,3-dimethylxanthine. The procedure permits direct analysis of caffeine in plasma or saliva without extraction. Comparison with a high pressure liquid chromatography method for the analysis of caffeine gave satisfactory results and showed no evidence for interference by metabolites. A caffeine half-life of 4.0 hours determined by the radioimmunoassay was in agreement with previous work. Comparison of human plasma and saliva levels by the radioimmunoassay procedure indicated approximately equal concentrations in the two fluids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033273"}
{"pmid": "1033275", "title": "Late positive potential of the flash-evoked response in the rabbit under deep anesthesia.", "content": "Late positive potential of the flash-evoked response in the rabbit under deep anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033275"}
{"pmid": "1033276", "title": "A twin and family study of personality in young children.", "content": "A twin and family study of personality in young children. Emotionality, activity, sociability and impulsivity (EASI) and components of each trait were studied in a sample of 137 pairs of young twins (two to six years of age) and their parents (548 individuals). Parents rated themselves and their spouses on an adult version of the EASI Temperament Survey and rated both of their twins on a child version of the EASI. Patterns of both identical and fraternal twin correlations (twin study) and parent-child correlations (family study) were consistent with the hypothesis that the EASI traits are influenced by genetic factors, but the two studies disagreed in the magnitude of that influence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033276"}
{"pmid": "1033277", "title": "Studies on the equine placenta II. Ultrastructure of the placental barrier.", "content": "Studies on the equine placenta II. Ultrastructure of the placental barrier. In early pregnancy the equine placenta consists of a simple apposition of fetal and maternal epithelia, but it becomes more complex with the formation of microcotyledons between 75 and 100 days of gestation. Although the placental barrier maintains an epitheliochorial arrangement throughout the course of pregnancy, a thinning of the maternal epithelium and a progressive indentation of the chorionic epithelium by fetal capillaries shortens the length of the diffusion pathway and reduces the amount of placental tissue between fetal and maternal bloodstreams. These structural modifications may reflect the changing requirements of the fetus for O2 and other metabolites as gestation proceeds. During the first 200 days of pregnancy there is evidence of intense pinocytotic activity by the cells of the trophoblast. From the 100th day of pregnancy there is a pronounced development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, while rough endoplasmic reticulum and irregular, dense, membrane-bound bodies are a prominent feature of the paranuclear cytoplasm from Day 200. These changes suggest that the cells of the trophoblast become more highly involved in synthetic processes with increasing gestational age. The ultrastructure of the equine placenta was observed on gestation Days 46, 61, 75, 98, 101, 150, 200, 250, and 300 in Welsh Mountain Ponys mares.  In early pregnancy, up to 75 days, when the placenta is epitheliochorial, the trophoblast forms a wide band of columnar epithelium with large nuclei, pinocytotic vesicles, and a defined basal lamina beneath the fetal vessels.  Maternal epithelium has branched microvilli, spherical nuclei, droplets of mucopolysaccharide, and a moderately thick capillary endothelium.  From Days 100-200 the villi and crypts of the microcotyledons develop.  The trophoblast shows larger pin ocytocic vesicles (.5 MCM), extensive smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and the fetal capillaries indent into the trophoblast.  Maternal epithelium becomes progressively thinner.  In the last trimester the trophoblast becomes thinner with nuclei and mitochondria near the indented capillaries, and dense bodies apical to the nucleus.  By this time the maternal epithelium is only 1/3 its original thickness, with few organelles except Golgi, mitochondria, and an irregular and sometimes pyknotic nucleus.  The ultrastructure supports the idea that the trophoblast may be synthesizing steroids in the later stages of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033277"}
{"pmid": "1033278", "title": "Effect of intravasal copper on the fertility of rats.", "content": "Effect of intravasal copper on the fertility of rats. Copper wire was inserted into the vas deferens and its effect of the reproductive system and fertility performance of rats was investigated. The copper wire was 100% effective as a contraceptive for up to 4 months if placed correctly, and resulted in decapitation of most of the spermatozoa. No differences between the rats with an intravasal copper wire and the sham-operated controls were found for the weights of the gonads and accessory sex glands or for protein, RNA, DNA and fructose concentrations. The intravasal copper device appears to be promising for the development of a long-term method for male contraception.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033278"}
{"pmid": "1033279", "title": "The effect of indomethacin on uterine contractility and luteal regression in pregnant rats at term.", "content": "The effect of indomethacin on uterine contractility and luteal regression in pregnant rats at term. Treatment of pregnant rats with 1 mg indomethacin/kg twice daily i.m. beginning on Day 20 delayed the onset of parturition by about 21 hr and prolonged the duration of spontaneous parturition by 4 hr. Plasma progesterone and oestradiol levels were determined in daily samples of peripheral blood, and uterine contractions were recorded before and during parturition by means of small, chronically implanted intrauterine balloons which were connected to pressure transducers via fluid-filled catheters. Indomethacin treatment did not inhibit or suppress spontaneous or oxytocin-induced contractions, which were of the same intensity in indomethacin-treated as in control rats. Parturition was induced with oxytocin in the same proportion of treated and control rats, but its induction was not successful in treated rats until 1 day later than in control rats, but its induction was not successful in treated rats until 1 day later than in controls. The onset of parturition was always related to the plasma progesterone level, which declined at a slower rate in indomethacin-treated than in control rats, reaching baseline values approximately 1 day later in the treated animals. The appearance of 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the CL of pregnant rats normally occurs on Day 21 of gestation, but activity was not observed until about 1 (0-3) day later in the indomethacin-treated rats, indicating that luteolysis was retarded. Prostaglandin F-2alpha infusions given on Day 21 reversed the effects of indomethacin treatment on plasma progesterone, luteal 20alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and the timing and duration of parturition, and reduced the high perinatal mortality associated with indomethacin treatment, suggesting that the effects of indomethacin were related to its inhibitory action on prostaglandin synthetase activity. It is concluded that, in rats, indomethacin exerts its effects on parturition through inhibition of luteal regression which was significantly retarded but not prevented, and that indomethacin does not have a direct effect on myometrial contractility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033279"}
{"pmid": "1033283", "title": "Progestagen dynamics in preovulatory follicles of rats.", "content": "Progestagen dynamics in preovulatory follicles of rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033283"}
{"pmid": "1033281", "title": "Sialic acid and hexosamine concentrations in cervical nucus in different breeds of cows and buffalo at estrus.", "content": "Sialic acid and hexosamine concentrations in cervical nucus in different breeds of cows and buffalo at estrus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033281"}
{"pmid": "1033284", "title": "Induction of regression in the ovine corpus luteum by ICI 80,996, an analogue of prostaglandin F-2alpha.", "content": "Induction of regression in the ovine corpus luteum by ICI 80,996, an analogue of prostaglandin F-2alpha.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033284"}
{"pmid": "1033280", "title": "Concentration of steroids in bovine peripheral plasma during the oestrous cycle and the effect of betamethasone treatment.", "content": "Concentration of steroids in bovine peripheral plasma during the oestrous cycle and the effect of betamethasone treatment. Testosterone, oestradiol and progesterone were measured in peripheral plasma during the oestrous cycle of 6 heifers. Oestradiol and progesterone results confirmed earlier reports. Concentration of testosterone on the day of oestrus was 40+/-3 pg/ml (mean+/-S.E.M.), and two peaks were detected during the cycle, one 7 days before oestrus (1809+/-603 pg/ml) and the other (78+/- 7 pg/ml) on the day before the onset of oestrus. The concentration of progesterone declined in most cases 1 day after the maximum concentration of testosterone. Betamethasone treatment in 5 heifers extended luteal function by an average of 10 days: plasma androstenedione and oestradiol concentrations were unaltered; cortisol values were depressed for at least 16 days after treatment; testosterone concentrations were lowered by 13+/-2-4% during treatment, and except in one heifer the peak on Day -7 was abolished.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033280"}
{"pmid": "1033282", "title": "Masculinization in male rats is inhibited by neonatal injections of dihydrostestosterone.", "content": "Masculinization in male rats is inhibited by neonatal injections of dihydrostestosterone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033282"}
{"pmid": "1033285", "title": "Luteal function and oestrus in gilts treated with a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F-2alpha (ICI 79,939) at various times during the oestrous cycle.", "content": "Luteal function and oestrus in gilts treated with a synthetic analogue of prostaglandin F-2alpha (ICI 79,939) at various times during the oestrous cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033285"}
{"pmid": "1033286", "title": "Control of oestrus and fertility in gilts with accessory corpora lutea by prostaglandin analogues, ICI 79,939 and ICI 80,996.", "content": "Control of oestrus and fertility in gilts with accessory corpora lutea by prostaglandin analogues, ICI 79,939 and ICI 80,996.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033286"}
{"pmid": "1033287", "title": "Differential inhibition of trophoblast outgrowth and inner cell mass growth by actinomycin D in cultured mouse embryos.", "content": "Differential inhibition of trophoblast outgrowth and inner cell mass growth by actinomycin D in cultured mouse embryos. Treatment of preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro with 10(-3) to 10(-1) mug actinomycin D/ml for 2 hr showed that (i) postimplantation development in vitro was inhibited most when embryos were treated at the morula stage and (ii) after the morula stage actinomycin D inhibited trophoblast outgrowth less than inner cell mass development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033287"}
{"pmid": "1033288", "title": "Parentrovite as a supportive therapy for locomotory stress in tsessebe.", "content": "Parentrovite as a supportive therapy for locomotory stress in tsessebe. Parentrovite was administered to tsessebe as supportive therapy against artifically induced locomotory stress. An attempt was made to judge the efficacy of this treatment from enzyme levels such as that of LDH. Other parameters such as systemic blood pressure and the ECG were also recorded. No significant differences were established between treated and untreated animals although LDH levels were considerably higher in the untreated than in the treated group. The small numbers of tsessebe available and the artifical nature of the exercise induced made an evaluation of the effectiveness of Parentrovite in the treatment of locomotory or of capture stress uncertain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033288"}
{"pmid": "1033289", "title": "Discolouration of wool: 1 green discolouration.", "content": "Discolouration of wool: 1 green discolouration. Since 1974 green bacterial discolouration of Merino wool was frequently encountered in the Karoo and Eastern Cape areas. The occurrence of this condition coincided with the extraordinary wet conditions that prevailed during this period. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was recovered in almost pure culture from affected wool of 24 out of 25 different sheep. The role played by this particular organism was fonfirmed by the successful reproduction of this condition after exposure of unaffected sheep to cultures of Ps. aeruginosa isolated from green wool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033289"}
{"pmid": "1033290", "title": "Analogues of 8-azaguanosine.", "content": "Analogues of 8-azaguanosine. Two routes for the synthesis of 6-substtituted 8-azaguanosine analogues are described. 2,5,6-Triamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinethione (1) was converted by methylation, nitrosation, and acetylation to -n-acetyl-7-(methylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5-amine (5). The reaction of 5 with 2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-D-ribofuranosyl chloride gave a mixture of the 7-, 8-, and 9-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-8-azapurines 4a-c which was converted to 8-azaguanosine (7c) and the corresponding 7- and 8-substituted isomers 7a and 7b. 4a-c were also converted with NaOMe to 6-O-methyl-8-azaguanosine (8c) and to the corresponding 7- and 8-substituted isomers 8a and 8b. The preferred route, however, to 6-substituted 8-azaguanosine analogues is an unambigous synthesis through N2-acetyl-6-(benzylthio)-N4-(2,3-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-5-nitro-2,4-pyrimidinediamine (13), prepared from the reaction of the chloropyrimidine 10 with the aminoribose 11. Catalytic hydrogenation of 13 gave the aminopyrimidine 14, which was converted with nitrous acid to the nucleoside beta-20. Treatment of beta-20 with dilute acid gave 7-(benzylthio)-3-beta-D-ribofuranosyl-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5-amine (19). Replacement of the benzylthio group of 19 with various nucleophilic reagents gave 8-aza-6-thioguanosine 17 and analogues 8c, 15, and 16. The thione 17 rearranges in  aqueous solution to the thiasiazolopyrimidine 21. The parent [1,2,3]thiadiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine-5,7-diamine (24a) was prepared by nitrosation of the triaminopyrimidine (23a). Rearrangement of 24a in the presence of base gave a high yield of the thione 25a which could be rearranged with heat to 24a. Compounds 8a-c, 15-19, 24a, and 25 a were evaluated in the L1210 mouse leukemia screen- Only one compound, 8c, showed high cytotoxicity and borderline L1210 activity resulting from its en,ymatic conversion to 8-azaguanosine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033290"}
{"pmid": "1033291", "title": "Binding characteristics of M and L isoantibodies to high and low potassium sheep red cells.", "content": "Binding characteristics of M and L isoantibodies to high and low potassium sheep red cells. Binding of highly purified 125I labeled M and L antibodies, both belonging to the immunoglobulin G class, was studied in high potassium (HK) and low potassium (LK) sheep red cells. Anti-M and anti-L bound specifically to M and L antigen positive HK and LK red cells, respectively. Nonspecific binding was higher for anti-L to HK cells than for anti-M to LK cells. Once bound, the M and L antibodies were capable of inducing complement dependent immune hemolysis. Only 75-100 and 500-750 molecules of anti-M and anti-L immunoglobulins were required to hemolyze 50% of HK (MM) and LK (LL) red cells, respectively, suggesting that the M and L antigens may be clustered on the surfaces of these cells. Equilibrium binding studies revealed that the maximum number of M sites is 3-6 x 10(3) in HK (MM) and 1.5-4 x 10(3) in LK (LM) cells, respectively. In comparison, the number of L antigens is slightly lower in LK cells, about 1.2-1.8 x 10(3) in LL and less in LM(LK) red cells. The number of M and L antigens, therefore, is more than an order of magnitude larger than that of the Na+K+ pumps measured previously in these cells by 3H-ouabain binding, thus precluding a quantitative correlation between M and L antigens and the Na+K+ pumps different in the three genetic types of sheep red cells. The binding affinities of both anti-M and anti-L could not be described by a single equilibrium dissociation constant indicating heterogeneous antibody populations and /or variability in the antigenic sets of individual HK or LK cells. The pronounced heterogeneity of antigens and/or antibodies in both the M and L systems was reflected in the antibody association kinetics, which also exhibited a remarkable temperature dependence. The data suggest that the correlation between the M and L antigens and the Na+K+ pump molecules is more complex than that in goat red cells previously reported by others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033291"}
{"pmid": "1033292", "title": "Electrophysiological properties of tissue cultured heart cells grown in a linear array.", "content": "Electrophysiological properties of tissue cultured heart cells grown in a linear array. Embryonic chick heart cells were grown in tissue culture on an oriented substrate (channels cut in an agar coated slide), so that they formed narrow(5-100mu) strands of arbitrary length. The electrical properties of these strands were examined using intracellular microelectrodes. ac and dc cable studies were performed to determine the passive cable parameters. Quantitative histology, using light and electronmicroscopy, permitted calculation of intrinsic capacitances and resistivities. Electrical coupling between polarizing and recording electrodes was ubiquitous, falling off exponentially with distance. It was concluded that individual cells were electrically connected, since coupling was observed at distances greater than 3 mm, and the maximum cell length was estimated to be less that 300 mu. The strands were usually spontaneously active, with phase 4 depolarization (pacemaker potential) occurring almost simultaneously in all cells of a strand. The passive electrical properties determined during phase 4 were: core resistivity (cytoplasm plus cell-to-cell resistance), 245 ohm/cm; membrane capacitance, 1.46 muF/CM2. The membrane resistance increased from 16 to 136 kohm/cm2 during phase 4. The space and time constants showed commensurate changes, from 0.95 to 3.2 mm, and from 29 to 269 msec, respectively. The input resistance also increased, from 1.1 to 3.8 Mohm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033292"}
{"pmid": "1033294", "title": "Long-term effect of shoyu (Japanese soy sauce) on the gastric mucosa of the rat.", "content": "Long-term effect of shoyu (Japanese soy sauce) on the gastric mucosa of the rat. The long-term effect of shoyu (Japanese soy sauce) on the gastric mucosa was assessed in intact rats and in those with a fundusectomy. One hundred female 4-month-old Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups:intact and operated rats on a control diet and intact and operated rats on the same diet saturated with shoyu. The animals given shoyu were smaller than the controls; 15 intact rats receiving the sauce were healthy at 33 months compared with 7 controls. Only 9 of 50 operated rats lived 33 months. Breast tumors developed in 10 control rats but in none given shoyu. The distribution of other tumors was the same. Two malignant neoplasms appeared to originate in the perigastric tissues of operated rats: a reticulum cell sarcoma in the shoyu group and a lymphosarcoma in the control group. None involved the gastric mucosa. Most of the operated rats (with or without shoyu) developed small benign gastric tumors. Mucosal histology was well preserved in 22 intact rats on shoyu: In 15 it was normal, in 7 there was mucus loss and nuclear changes in the cells of the gastric pits; 2 of the 7 had mild gastritis. One intact control showed patchy mucus loss. Shoyu did not appear to be a carcinogen in the rat; its prolonged use impaired neither health nor longevity. Long-term use was associated with gastric mucus loss and nuclear changes in a few rats, occasionally with a mild gastritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033294"}
{"pmid": "1033293", "title": "Electrophysiological study of coupling between cultured cells of the mouse mammary gland in five distinct physiological states.", "content": "Electrophysiological study of coupling between cultured cells of the mouse mammary gland in five distinct physiological states. Electrical coupling has been observed between cultured cells of the mouse mammary gland in five distinct physiological or pathological states. We have employed young primary cultures of cells dissociated from the following tissues: normal glands from young virgin or midpregnant females, hyperplastic alveolar nodules (believed to be precancerous) transplanted in gland-free mammary fat pads, and spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas and their pulmonary metastases. All successfully impaled pairs of cells (a total of 97 pairs) were found to be ionically coupled. Furthermore, in normal and tumor cell cultures, electrical coupling was observed between dome-dome and dome-nondome cell pairs. This study correlates with electronmicroscopic studies of fresh normal, hyperplastic, and tumor samples, which show the presence of gap junctions in all three.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033293"}
{"pmid": "1033295", "title": "Chemical probes of estrogen action: affinity labeling.", "content": "Chemical probes of estrogen action: affinity labeling. A systemic approach has been taken in the preparation and evaluation of photoaffinity labeling agents for the estrogen receptor from rat and lamb uterus. Several derivatives of estradiol and the nonsteroidal estrogen, hexestrol, containing photoreactive diazocarbonyl or azide functions have been synthesized. The receptor binding affinity of these compounds and their capacity to photointeract with the estrogen binding site (inactivate) can be assayed inderectly by competition assays. Several of the compounds that showed both resonably high binding affinities and inactivation efficiencies have been prepared in high specific activity, tritium-labeled form. Direct binding measurements with these derivatives in unpurified rat uterine receptor preparations, show that while these compounds bind to the receptor, they also show considerable nonspecific binding to nonreceptor proteins. Irradiation of these derivatives in rat uterine cytosol preparations results in incorporation of large amounts of radioactivity into protein in a covalent fashion. The amount of nonspecific labeling is so large, however, that estrogen site specificity (indicated by protection with unlabeled estradiol) cannot be demonstrated. More recently, we have used a partially purified receptor preparation from lamb uterus. The receptor in this preparation has been disaggregated by mild trypsinization and can be electrophoresed in native form. Electrophoretic analysis of the proteins in photolabeled preparations show some covalent incorporation into the receptor region of the gel with one derivative but not with another. The effectiveness of the photoaffinity labeling reagents prepared thus far is assessed, and suggestions are made for the design of new, more effective reagents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033295"}
{"pmid": "1033296", "title": "Effects of catecholamines on behavior.", "content": "Effects of catecholamines on behavior. The potential for at least partial reversible transition of aggression- and anxiety-type symptomatology suggested searching for a potential biochemical link between subcellular mechanisms involved in the execution of aggression and anxiety. The effects of norepinephrine combined with dopamine and of epinephrine on these two types of behavior were tested. Responses to foot-shock were used to test aggression, extinction of avoidance response was used to test anxiety-type behavior. The results suggested that one of the possible links between the intracerebral processes responsible for execution of aggression- and anxiety-type behaviors is transmethylation of norepinephrine and/or dopamine to epinephrine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033296"}
{"pmid": "1033297", "title": "Brown tumor of the maxilla due to secondary hyperparathyroidism.", "content": "Brown tumor of the maxilla due to secondary hyperparathyroidism. The paper describes a patient with brown tumor of the maxilla caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism, and gives an account of pathophysiology and management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033297"}
{"pmid": "1033389", "title": "Studies on human adaptability to climatic conditions. Report 4. Seasonal variations in basal metabolic rate on civilian Japanese and Caucasians in Japan.", "content": "Studies on human adaptability to climatic conditions. Report 4. Seasonal variations in basal metabolic rate on civilian Japanese and Caucasians in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033389"}
{"pmid": "1033390", "title": "Studies on human adaptability to climatic conditions. Report 5. Seasonal variations in serum protein bound iodine on civilian Japanese and Caucasians in Japan.", "content": "Studies on human adaptability to climatic conditions. Report 5. Seasonal variations in serum protein bound iodine on civilian Japanese and Caucasians in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033390"}
{"pmid": "1033391", "title": "Studies on human adaptability to climatic conditions. Report 6. Seasonal variation in serum FFA on civilian Japanese and Caucasians in Japan.", "content": "Studies on human adaptability to climatic conditions. Report 6. Seasonal variation in serum FFA on civilian Japanese and Caucasians in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033391"}
{"pmid": "1033401", "title": "Diffuse interstitial pneumonia and fibrosis: (fibrosing alveolitis).", "content": "Diffuse interstitial pneumonia and fibrosis: (fibrosing alveolitis).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033401"}
{"pmid": "1033435", "title": "Tissue factor in cultured cells: metabolic control.", "content": "Tissue factor in cultured cells: metabolic control. Tissue factor content of WISH amnion cells in spinner culture increases 3- to 10-fold within 12 hours after subculture, then declines to a basal level within 30 to 50 hours. Maximal development of activity requires fresh serum and fresh medium. When added at the time of subculture, actinomycin D and cycloheximide completely inhibit development of coagulant activity; when added several hours after transfer, these inhibitors suppress the development but do not affect the disappearance of activity. Of the oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors tested, dinitrophenol had no effect whereas carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone inhibited the activity increase but did not alter the decline. The kinetics of development and decay are similar over a pH range of 6.7 to 7.6 and with fetal calf serum concentration between 5 and 30 per cent. At pH 6.7 or in 30 per cent fetal calf serum, cell division did not occur. 3H-leucine and 35SO4= incorporation into the cell surface coat did not change appreciably during the burst of coagulant activity nor did the levels of naphthylamidase or alkaline phosphatase; 3H-thymidine incorporation reached a peak within 2 hours of the tissue factor maximum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033435"}
{"pmid": "1033436", "title": "A field survey of pistachio (Pistacia vera) nut production and storage in Turkey with particular reference to aflatoxin contamination.", "content": "A field survey of pistachio (Pistacia vera) nut production and storage in Turkey with particular reference to aflatoxin contamination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033436"}
{"pmid": "1033437", "title": "Improved separation of the major water-soluble proteins of soya meal by a single-step chromatographic procedure.", "content": "Improved separation of the major water-soluble proteins of soya meal by a single-step chromatographic procedure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033437"}
{"pmid": "1033438", "title": "The action of cytochalasin A on the in vitro polymerization of brain tubulin and muscle G-actin.", "content": "The action of cytochalasin A on the in vitro polymerization of brain tubulin and muscle G-actin. The presence of cytochalasin A inhibits the self-assembly of beef brain tubulin and rabbit muscle G-actin in vitro and also decreases the colchicine binding of tubulin. Prior reaction of cytochalasin A with 2-mercaptoethanol destroys its inhibitory effects. It is shown that cytochalasin A exerts its actions by reacting with sulfhydryl groups, possibly causing irreversible structural changes in the proteins. Cytochalasin B does not affect the tubulin assembly reaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033438"}
{"pmid": "1033440", "title": "On rate-sensitive chemoreceptor systems and the origin of the immune response.", "content": "On rate-sensitive chemoreceptor systems and the origin of the immune response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033440"}
{"pmid": "1033439", "title": "Hemangiosarcoma of the spleen: report of a case and review of previously reported cases.", "content": "Hemangiosarcoma of the spleen: report of a case and review of previously reported cases. Splenic hamangiosarcomas are rare tumors, usually discovered at autopsy. In a few instances the diagnosis was made premortem, at the time of splenectomy for spontaneous rupture. The tumors usually present with abdominal pain, left upper guadrant mass and tenderness, and occasionally with a microangiopathic type of anemia. The histogenesis of the tumor is in dispute. Some authors feel that they are degenerations of hemangiomas. Others feel that they arise de novo in the spleen. There is not proven association of thorotrast administration or vinyl chloride exposure to the development of hemangiosarcomas in the spleen. The prognosis of the tumor is uniformly poor and most of the patients surviving laparotomy have followed a uniformly fatal clinical course. In a few cases treated with chemotherapy there has been no evidence of clinical benefit. The case report in this article presented with essentially all the features enumerated above.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033439"}
{"pmid": "1033441", "title": "Tricuspid regurgitation. A comparison of nonoperative management, tricuspid annuloplasty, and tricuspid valve replacement.", "content": "Tricuspid regurgitation. A comparison of nonoperative management, tricuspid annuloplasty, and tricuspid valve replacement. The best means of managing tricuspid regurgitation associated with mitral or mitral and aortic valve disease is still to be determined. During the period 1972 to 1974, we treated 76 patients who had tricuspid regurgitation along with associated valvular dysfunction. Patients with mold regurgitation were treated conservatively, those with moderate regurgation underwent annuloplasty, and those with severe regurgitation had tricuspid valve replacement. We found the results to be less satisfactory in the group treated by annuloplasty than in the other two groups. We still manage conservatively those patients with mild regurgitation, but we believe it appropriate to replace the valve in an increasing number of subjects who have tricuspid regurgitation of moderate severity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033441"}
{"pmid": "1033442", "title": "Transfer of polycyclic hydrocarbons from diet to milk in rats, rabbits and sheep.", "content": "Transfer of polycyclic hydrocarbons from diet to milk in rats, rabbits and sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033442"}
{"pmid": "1033443", "title": "Leukemia cell lysis by sulphydryl reagents and thiols.", "content": "Leukemia cell lysis by sulphydryl reagents and thiols.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033443"}
{"pmid": "1033444", "title": "Aspects of opiate dependence in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig.", "content": "Aspects of opiate dependence in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033444"}
{"pmid": "1033445", "title": "Prolyl-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG) facilitates morphine dependence.", "content": "Prolyl-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG) facilitates morphine dependence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033445"}
{"pmid": "1033446", "title": "The effect of dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) on amphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior (AISB).", "content": "The effect of dimethylaminoethanol (deanol) on amphetamine-induced stereotyped behavior (AISB).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033446"}
{"pmid": "1033447", "title": "Strain-dependent differences in responses to chronic administration of morphine: lack of relationship to brain catecholamine levels in mice.", "content": "Strain-dependent differences in responses to chronic administration of morphine: lack of relationship to brain catecholamine levels in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033447"}
{"pmid": "1033450", "title": "Ciguatera.", "content": "Ciguatera.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033450"}
{"pmid": "1033448", "title": "Fatty acid variability of plasma lipids and cholesteryl esters in adult male twins and their brothers.", "content": "Fatty acid variability of plasma lipids and cholesteryl esters in adult male twins and their brothers. Variation in the fatty acid composition of fasting plasma lipids and of cholesteryl esters was studied in 69 sets of adult male twins and 25 of their brothers. Genetic variances were estimated using the twin model. In general, monozygotic (MZ) twins were characterized by the smallest within-pair variance, and brothers of twins by the largest. Variation within dizygotic pairs fell imtermediate to that of MZ twins and brothers. The present study did not reveal consistent significant (P greater than 0.05) genetic variation in plasma fatty acids from total plasma lipids or cholesteryl esters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033448"}
{"pmid": "1033449", "title": "Retarding effects of DNA on the autoxidation of liposomal suspensions.", "content": "Retarding effects of DNA on the autoxidation of liposomal suspensions. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is associated with the cell membrane of prokaryotes and the inner nuclear membrane of eukaryotes. The unsaturated fatty acids of phospholipids, which constitute the bilaminar structure of membranes, undergo autoxidation in the presence of O2. Calf thymus DNA was incuabted with methyl archidonate-enriched phosphatidyl choline liposomes in order to study the effect of DNA upon the oxidation of phospholipids while present in their natural in vivo bilayer configuration. DNA retarded the rate of lipid oxidation as monitored by both diene conjugation and the TBA test, but it did not alter the induction period. These results suggest that DNA is scavenging free radicals produced within the phospholipid bilayer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033449"}
{"pmid": "1033455", "title": "The changing patterns of perinatal mortality at a suburban community hospital.", "content": "The changing patterns of perinatal mortality at a suburban community hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033455"}
{"pmid": "1033456", "title": "Mechanism of action of methotrexate. IV. Free intracellular methotrexate required to suppress dihydrofolate reduction to tetrahydrofolate by Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vitro.", "content": "Mechanism of action of methotrexate. IV. Free intracellular methotrexate required to suppress dihydrofolate reduction to tetrahydrofolate by Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033456"}
{"pmid": "1033461", "title": "The quandary of quality assessment.", "content": "The quandary of quality assessment. Inevitably, quality assurance reflects the context of which it is a part (e.g., underuse or overuse of services is partly a function of their availability and financing). Thus, it can promote change or rationalize lack of it, save money or cost money. Given the current state of the art, it is imperative to develop quality assurance on an evolutionary path while options are kept open and focus is clearly on outcomes. Also, quality assessment must be conceptualized as a behavioral tool, not a policing mechanism; its scope must be broadened to include the total episode of illness, taking into account life-style and environmental factors, with criteria developed and applied as close to the point of patient care as possible, within broad  guidelines; it is essential to build on in-place capacities -- e.g., carrier data -- rather than to create new overlapping systems. Finally, the management setting within which quality assurance functions, in both the public and private sectors, must be improved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033461"}
{"pmid": "1033463", "title": "The action of trypsin and chymotrypsin on the reserve proteins of some leguminous seeds.", "content": "The action of trypsin and chymotrypsin on the reserve proteins of some leguminous seeds. The action of trypsin on the reserve proteins of the leguminous seeds belonging to Vicieae and Phaseoleae tribes was investicated. The hydrolysis of11S and 7S proteins of Vicieae proceeds relatively fast and some of the proteins are hydrolyzed practically completely. The hydrolysis of most of the investigated reserve proteins of the Phaseoleae tribe proceeds much slower, while that of 7S proteins of four Phaseolus species of American origin stops after the cleavage of only 10-20% of peptide bonds capable of reacting. Analogous results were obtained studying the action of chymotrypsin on a more restricted number of proteins. Both trypsin and chymotrypsin hydrolyze the same parts of Ph. vulgaris 7S protein, splitting off peptides which can be separated on a Sephadex G-50 column. The nonhydrolyzable high molecular weight core has a slightly smaller sedimentation coefficient and a higher elelctrophoretic mobility than the native protein and is able to dimerize at high ionic strength. Urea does not alter the hydrolyzability of the core butt the latter is partially hydrolyzed after the action of urea or guanidine hydrocholoride in the presence of mercaptoethanol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033463"}
{"pmid": "1033462", "title": "First European report of swine infection by Microsporum nanum.", "content": "First European report of swine infection by Microsporum nanum. The first European case of swine infection by Microsporum nanum is reported. The infected pig came from a farm in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy. European records of human and lower animal infections by this fungus and soil isolation records are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033462"}
{"pmid": "1033464", "title": "X-ray induced mutations, DNA and target theory.", "content": "X-ray induced mutations, DNA and target theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033464"}
{"pmid": "1033459", "title": "The systematics of the genus Strongwellsea (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales).", "content": "The systematics of the genus Strongwellsea (Zygomycetes: Entomophthorales).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033459"}
{"pmid": "1033458", "title": "Colonization of soybeans by species of Fusarium.", "content": "Colonization of soybeans by species of Fusarium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033458"}
{"pmid": "1033460", "title": "Deightoniella argemonensis, a new fungus on Mexican pricklepoppy, associated with Cercosporidium guanicense.", "content": "Deightoniella argemonensis, a new fungus on Mexican pricklepoppy, associated with Cercosporidium guanicense.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033460"}
{"pmid": "1033478", "title": "Correlation between catalepsy and dopamine decrease in the rat striatum induced by neuroleptics.", "content": "Correlation between catalepsy and dopamine decrease in the rat striatum induced by neuroleptics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033478"}
{"pmid": "1033479", "title": "Sacral agenesis. Neurologic and neuropathologic features.", "content": "Sacral agenesis. Neurologic and neuropathologic features. The neurologic deficits in sacral agenesis involve motor function much more than sensory function, in a lumbosacral distribution; autonomic involvement, with neurogenic bladder, is variable. Relative sensory sparing may be due to the derivation of sensory nerves from neural cre, t tissue, which is uninvolved. An occult sacral meningomyelocele with ectopic neural tissue was found at necropsy in one of our patients. Primary amyoplasia may account for small but histologically normal muscles derived from the same somites as the aplastic vertebrae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033479"}
{"pmid": "1033480", "title": "Dialysis encephalopathy: a possible seizure disorder.", "content": "Dialysis encephalopathy: a possible seizure disorder. Dialysis encephalopathy is a progressive, fatal condition that occurs in patients receiving hemodialysis. It is characterized by abnormalities in speech, myoclonic jerks, and striking changes on the electroencephalogram. We observed dramatic reversal of the clinical symptoms and electroencephalographic abnormalities in four patients with this syndrome who were treated with diazepam. In this paper we propose that in dialysis encephalopathy, some of the symptoms and the electroencephalographic changes represent a form of seizure disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033480"}
{"pmid": "1033481", "title": "Anosognosia for hemiplegia: somatosensory evoked potential studies.", "content": "Anosognosia for hemiplegia: somatosensory evoked potential studies. Somatosensory evoked potential studies in nine patients with anosognosia for left hemiplegia and in one patient with anosognosia for right hemiplegia revealed an absence of response over either hemisphere on stimulation of the median nerve on the hemiplegic side. This apparent lack of cortical processing may underlie the impaired awareness of the hemiplegic side, manifested as anosognosia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033481"}
{"pmid": "1033482", "title": "Neurophysiologic changes in hemiplegia. Possible explanation for the initial disparity between muscle tone and tendon reflexes.", "content": "Neurophysiologic changes in hemiplegia. Possible explanation for the initial disparity between muscle tone and tendon reflexes. In an attempt to clarify the neurophysiologic changes that may follow a cerebral lesion in man, we have studied patients with recent and with long-standing hemiplegia from cerebral infarction. In patients with recent cerebral lesions, inhibition of the monosynaptic reflex by vibration is enhanced. In patients with long-standing cerebral lesions, this inhibitory mechanism is less effective and a comparison of the electrically and mechanically induced monosynaptic reflexes suggests that fusimotor drive may be increased. Related clinical findings are reduced muscle \"tone\" immediately after the lesion and increased muscle \"tone\" and exaggerated tendon jerks in patients with long-standing hemiplegia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033482"}
{"pmid": "1033483", "title": "On the movement of fluid through the brain of hydrocephalic cats.", "content": "On the movement of fluid through the brain of hydrocephalic cats. The effects of changes in serum osmolality on the volume flow of fluid into the cerebral ventricles and on brain water content was examined in cats with kaolin-induced hydrocephalus. Slopes of the regression lines relating volume flow and serum osmolality for both normal and hydrocephalic cats are the same. The constant difference in flow rates between the two lines, 7 mul per minute, is probably due to impaired choroid plexuow rates between the two lines, 7 mul per minute, is probably due to impaired choroid plexus function of the hydrocephalic cats. The osmotic pressure gradient that causes the flow of fluid is therefore probably between blood and brain. Under these conditions changes in brain water content of hydrocephalic cats were smaller than in normals and can be related to the edema present in this disorder. Despite the inflammatory response to kaolin, the blood-brain barrier remains intact. From the calculated filtration coefficient, it can be inferred that the flow of water from serum through brain and into cerebrospinal fluid is limited by the resistance of fluid flow through the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033483"}
{"pmid": "1033484", "title": "Efference copy in the control of movement.", "content": "Efference copy in the control of movement. On a two-choice tracking test of normal subjects, numerous false moves were induced when the directional relation between movement of the hand and the response marker was changed. The mean error-correction times were not consistently less than simple reaction times. When the center of the display was screened to eliminate visual feedback, numerous moves were reversed before the marker was visible. The probability of reversing an error was much greater than that of reversing a correct move. The findings are best explained in terms of a central mechanism that uses efference copy to amend errors of movement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033484"}
{"pmid": "1033485", "title": "Brain serotonin concentration and crude synaptosomal uptake in mice with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome.", "content": "Brain serotonin concentration and crude synaptosomal uptake in mice with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome. The Chediak-Higashi syndrome is characterized by a serotonin platelet defect and neuronal dysfunction. Whole blood serotonin concentration, serotonin brain concentration, and synaptosomal uptake of serotonin were determined in mice with the syndrome. While brain serotonin uptake in the affected mice was not significantly different from that in nonaffected mice, whole blood serotonin concentration was markedly reduced. These data suggest that in human neuropathies with platelet serotonin defect, a parallel neuronal serotonin disorder may not be assumed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033485"}
{"pmid": "1033486", "title": "Femoral neuropathy during anticoagulant therapy.", "content": "Femoral neuropathy during anticoagulant therapy. Ten cases of acute femoral neuropathy complicating anticoagulant therapy were followed over periods of 1 to 5 years. Most patients had either sensory or motor residual symptoms, but the two patients who had early surgical intervention made rapid recoveries. The danger of parenteral injections or minor trauma to the abdomen, buttocks, or thighs in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033486"}
{"pmid": "1033487", "title": "Bilateral altitudinal anopia caused by infarction of the calcarine cortex.", "content": "Bilateral altitudinal anopia caused by infarction of the calcarine cortex. The patient reported here had a bilateral inferior altitudinal hemianopia from lesions of the calcarine (striate) cortex of the occipital lobes. The only significant pathologic findings were bilateral calcarine artery occlusive disease, with infarcts of the striate cortex on both sides. The ages of the infarcts appeared compatible with the clinical development of the respective visual field defects. The rest of the visual system was anatomically intact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033487"}
{"pmid": "1033488", "title": "Acute bacterial meningitis secondary to gamma hemolytic streptococcus. Case report and review of the literature.", "content": "Acute bacterial meningitis secondary to gamma hemolytic streptococcus. Case report and review of the literature. Gamma hemolytic streptococcal meningitis in a 17-year-old boy resulted in a severe purulent reaction and death. Review of the literature shows only one other case of a gamma hemolytic streptococcus as the cause of bacterial meningitis in the absence of endocarditis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033488"}
{"pmid": "1033489", "title": "Erythrocyte shape in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.", "content": "Erythrocyte shape in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In a controlled and blind study we were not able to identify any abnormality of erythrocytes of eight patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy compared with seven approximately age-matched unaffected siblings (six males, one female step-sibling). Erythrocyte morphology was found to be very sensitive to various types of cell treatment. At this time, erythrocyte morphology, evaluated by the techniques used, should not be considered an established diagnostic test for the Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient or carrier.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033489"}
{"pmid": "1033490", "title": "Regional differences in GABA uptake.", "content": "Regional differences in GABA uptake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033490"}
{"pmid": "1033491", "title": "Locked-in syndrome caused by a tumor.", "content": "Locked-in syndrome caused by a tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033491"}
{"pmid": "1033492", "title": "Comparison of radionuclide scans with computer-assisted tomography in diagnosis of intracranial disease.", "content": "Comparison of radionuclide scans with computer-assisted tomography in diagnosis of intracranial disease. Radionuclide brain scans were compared with computer-assisted tomography (CAT) for the diagnosis of intracranial disorders in 297 patients. The diagnosis was confirmed in 281 patients who formed the population for the study. The radionuclide scan was false positive for 12 patients (3.9 percent) and false negative for eight (2.6 percent). The CAT was false positive for three patients (1 percent) and false negative for one (0.3 percent). In the 133 patients in whom both tests were negative, no evidence of central nervous system pathology has been found during the 6 to 18 month follow-up. Brain tumors and intracerebral hemorrhage are more readily detectable with CAT.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033492"}
{"pmid": "1033494", "title": "Occupational factors affecting health.", "content": "Occupational factors affecting health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033494"}
{"pmid": "1033495", "title": "The occupational health nurse as a mental health counselor.", "content": "The occupational health nurse as a mental health counselor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033495"}
{"pmid": "1033496", "title": "A star spangled idea.", "content": "A star spangled idea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033496"}
{"pmid": "1033497", "title": "Preparation of objectives for continuing education programs.", "content": "Preparation of objectives for continuing education programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033497"}
{"pmid": "1033498", "title": "The expanded role.", "content": "The expanded role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033498"}
{"pmid": "1033499", "title": "Evaluation of a new single-use thermometer.", "content": "Evaluation of a new single-use thermometer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033499"}
{"pmid": "1033500", "title": "Quantitative assessment of perilymph sources.", "content": "Quantitative assessment of perilymph sources. The problem of the perilymph origin--influx of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) versus ultrafiltration within the cochlea--cannot be solved by mere qualitative proofs of tracer passage through the cochlear aqueduct. In order to gain quantitative data on the possible perilymph sources, an experimental study was designed to follow the time course of dye concentrations in the cisternal CSF and in the perilymph after tracer injection into the CSF at the vertex. By comparing the resulting concentration peaks in both fluids, the mean peak of the perilymph tracer concentrations was found to reach 36% of the maximum CSF concentration only. It is concluded that the local perilymph production within the cochlea exceeds the influx of CSF by a ratio of about 2:1. A working hypothesis of the double perilymph origin is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033500"}
{"pmid": "1033501", "title": "Simplified acoustical measurement of tubal opening.", "content": "Simplified acoustical measurement of tubal opening. A device is discussed in which tubal opening as one of the functions of the Eustachian tube can be measured by expressing the opening phenomena acoustically. The features of the present device are the following: introduction of the test sound of 2,000 Hz, 85 dB, SPL, directly to the tubal opening through the tubal catheter and recording of fluctuations of the sound pressure obtained at the external auditory meatus during swallowing. The results of model experiment made of resin were 85 dB, SPL, at the speaker, 76 dB, SPL, at the end of tubal catheter and 78 dB, SPL, at the external auditory meatus. In the model experiment it was also demonstrated that the height of spike waves depends on the extent of tubal opening and that the continuity of spike waves depends on the duration of tubal opening. Furthermore, in the present method, there was no so-called basic amplitude, seemingly due to the resonant effects or the direct passing sound, and the opening phenomena were correctly expressed. In the measurement on normal adults it was found that variability of the spike wave pattern between subjects was largely depending on individual subjects, and also some intra-subject variability of successively recorded spike waves on the same subject was noted. It was shown that gradual recovery of spike wave patterns occurred from initial water swallowing to successive dry swalllowing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033501"}
{"pmid": "1033502", "title": "Vertigo and rocking sensation. A clinical analysis.", "content": "Vertigo and rocking sensation. A clinical analysis. A vertigo perceived as a spinning sensation outside the head indicates a somatic vestibular disturbance including a Ménièr's disease. A turning sensation inside the head indicates a functional or vascular disorder while a sensation of unsteadiness often as if being slowly rocked indicates a functional disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033502"}
{"pmid": "1033503", "title": "Primary cancer of the larynx associated with primary lung cancer. Report of 21 cases, 14 with autopsy findings and 7 biopsies.", "content": "Primary cancer of the larynx associated with primary lung cancer. Report of 21 cases, 14 with autopsy findings and 7 biopsies. The present paper reports 21 cases (14 autopsies and 7 biopsies) of associated primary cancers of the larynx and the lung. This association is by no means uncommon, the laryngeal lesion being usually the first to appear. Mulitple primary cancers--of the same or of a different histologic type--tend to occur in the same organ or organ system, either simultaneously or after a time interval. In case of synchronous primary malignant tumour of the larynx and lung the most lethal cancer (the lung cancer) must be managed first. Cancer patients are more likely than other individuals to develop a second primary malignant tumour. Laryngectomized patients should be followed-up possibly by means of cytologic examinations of bronchial secretions and chest X-rays at short intervals for early detection of a possible second primary malignant pulmonary lesion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033503"}
{"pmid": "1033504", "title": "Concentration of immunoglobulins in the tonsils.", "content": "Concentration of immunoglobulins in the tonsils. The concentration of various immunoglobulins in the faucial tonsil was determined and expressed as a portion of the total protein centration of IgA rises with age while that of IgM falls. IgE was found to be relatively high and the highest levels of all immunoglobulins examined were noted in hypertrophied tonsils. They were lowest in the atrophic tonsils of children and in adult tonsils. The results are discussed in their relevance to the overall immunological function of the faucial tonsil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033504"}
{"pmid": "1033507", "title": "Role of conditioned reinforcers in the initiation, maintenance and extinction of drug-seeking behavior.", "content": "Role of conditioned reinforcers in the initiation, maintenance and extinction of drug-seeking behavior. The development of a secondary reinforcer as a result of associating a neutral stimulus (buzzer) with intravenous (IV) doses of morpine was studied in rats. Secondary reinforcement developed in the absence of physical dependence and followed the association of the stimulus with either response-contingent or non-contingent injections of morphine. Strength of the conditioned reinforcer, measured in terms of responding on a lever for the stimulus plus infusion of saline solution, was proportional to the unit dosage of morphine employed in pairings of buzzer and drug. When extinction of the lever-press response for IV morphine was conducted (by substituting saline for morphine solution) in the absence of the conditioned reinforcing stimulus, it was seen later that the stimulus could still elicit lever responses, until it too had been present for a sufficient interval of non-reinforced responding. Similarly, extinction of the response for morphine by blocking its action with naloxone in the absence of the stimulus did not eliminate the conditioned reinforcement. Another study showed that a passive, subcutaneous (SC) dose of morphine served to maintain lever-pressing on a contingency of buzzer plus saline infusion. Furthermore, the stimuli resulting from the presence of morphine (after a SC injection) were able to reinstate the lever-responding with only the buzzer-saline contingency when such responses had previously been extinguished. Moreover, it was shown that d-amphetamine could restore responding under the same conditions, and that morphine could also do so for rats in which the primary reinforcer had been d-amphetamine. It is suggested that animal data such as these show that procedures designed for the elimination of human drug-taking behavior must take into account secondary reinforcers as well as the primary reinforcer(s).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033507"}
{"pmid": "1033513", "title": "Tension pneumothorax: a teaching model.", "content": "Tension pneumothorax: a teaching model. A TPT induced in a small rabbit is an excellent teaching model for the treatment of a TPT in the small human neonate. Pediatric housestaff, neonatal nurses, and others have utilized this model to gain confidence and expertise in the diagnosis and treatment of TPT. The rabbit model is inexpensive, readily available, and recreates the clinical condition of a TPT in an educational environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033513"}
{"pmid": "1033508", "title": "Alleviation of narcotic withdrawal syndrome by conditional stimuli.", "content": "Alleviation of narcotic withdrawal syndrome by conditional stimuli. We systematically paired auditory, olfactory, and social stimuli with each injection of morphine in rats. We found that, when morphine was kept constant at a low dose, the external stimuli acquired the property of a conditional stimulus (CS) to cause hyperthermia which was antagonized by naloxone. In rats in which morphine doses were regularly increased to cause morphine dependence, the CS presented during withdrawal, caused reduction in withdrawal signs (wet shakes, hypothermia, aggression) and produced hyperglycemia as well as elevation of striatal homovanillic acid. CS-induced alleviation of withdrawal hypothermia was blocked by mecamylamine, phenoxybenzamine, haloperidol, benztropine or naloxone but not by cyproheptadine or propranolol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033508"}
{"pmid": "1033514", "title": "Renal intracortical blood flow distribution, function and sodium excretion in response to saline loading of anesthetized and unanesthetized dogs.", "content": "Renal intracortical blood flow distribution, function and sodium excretion in response to saline loading of anesthetized and unanesthetized dogs. In order to study the effect of anesthesia on the canine response to saline loading, experiments were performed on 10 dogs, first while awake and then during pentobarbital anesthesia. Individual kidney function and intrarenal blood flow response to saline loading (7.5% body weight) were measured in each condition and all data are reported as the average of a single kidney. CIN is considerably reduced under anesthesia (24.7 +/- 3.2 vs. 43.2 +/- 3.9 ml/min, P less than 0.01). A directionally similar reduction of PAH clearance was noted (89 +/- 17 vs. 122 +/- 13 ml/min). The natriuretic response to saline loading of the dogs reached 290 +/- 61 muEq/min while awake, but only 70 +/- 27 muEq/min while anesthetized. No measurable increase of CIN or CPAH occurred in response to saline loading either in the anesthetized or unanesthetized state. The natriuresis was entirely due to a rise of CNA/GFR in both circumstances. The change of CNA/GFR in response to saline load was also appreciably larger while awake (1.2 leads to 4.7% vs. 0.7 leads to 1.8%). Although the fraction of blood flow to the outermost quarter of the kidney was initially the same (31 +/- 3 vs. 29 +/- 3%) awake or anesthetized, the changes with saline loading were in the opposite direction and the values reached were significantly different (37 +/- 3, awake, vs. 27 +/- 3%, P less than 0.05). We conclude that while increased outer cortical blood flow is not necessary for natriuresis, it may occur during sodium loading and may facilitate sodium excretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033514"}
{"pmid": "1033515", "title": "Leg muscle blood flow during reactive hyperemia. Effects of different body positions, and of subatmospheric pressure.", "content": "Leg muscle blood flow during reactive hyperemia. Effects of different body positions, and of subatmospheric pressure. In normal man at rest transition from the supine to the upright body position is accompanied by autoregualtion of the blood flow to tissues in the dependent extremities. In 11 young healthy males the influence of postural changes and external pressure changes on the blood flow in the anterior tibial muscle during reactive hyperemia was studied. The muscle blood flow was evaluated by means of the Xenon-133 wash-out technique. Transmural pressure changes in the resistance vessels were estimated by measuring the systolic blood pressure at ankle level, using the strain-gauge plethysmograph technique. The mean leg muscle blood flow increased from 48 ml - 100 g-1 - min-1 in a body position with the legs elevated 65 cm above heart level, to 101 ml - 100 g-1 - min-1 in the supine position, and to 151 ml - 100 g-1 - min-1 in a sitting position with dependent legs 70 cm below heart level. The muscle blood flows increased from 92 ml - 100 g-1 - min-1 at ambient pressure to 139 ml - 100 g-1 - min-1 at a subatmospheric pressure of -50 mm Hg. The differences were highly significant (P less than 0.001). Systemic blood pressure measured at heart level did not change during postural changes and external pressure changes. The post-ischemic muscle blood flow was found to increase with the increasing vascular transmural pressure. It is concluded that during reactive hyperemia the normal compensatory vaso-reactions can be inactivated, so that the vessels react passively to changes in the transmural pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033515"}
{"pmid": "1033516", "title": "Passive stress relaxation followed by active contracture in vertebrate smooth muscles (taenia coli of the guinea pig).", "content": "Passive stress relaxation followed by active contracture in vertebrate smooth muscles (taenia coli of the guinea pig). 1. The time course of stress relaxation following stretch was investigated in the taenia coli of the guinea pig in the relaxed (Ca2+ free bath solution with D 600) and in the contracted state (depolarization by KCl or K2SO4 in excess). The mechanical tension was standardized with respect to the volume of the samples. 2. The tension obtained by a constant stretch of 2.5 mm of the 5-15 mm samples was highest after K2SO4-depolarization (K+ = 180 mval/l) and lowest in the relaxed muscles. Muscles contracted by KCl in escess (K+ = 60 mval/l) showed intermediate values. 3. The decrease of tension by stress relaxation to a nearly constant residual value is rapidly observed in contracted muscles during about 10 s. For the relaxed muscles the same changes are slower and take place in nearly 1/2 h. 4. The relations between the extent of stress relaxation (R) and its derivative in time (dR/dt) can be expressed by a hyperbolic function. Analogous behaviour was already noted in previous studies primarily on creep. 5. The different behaviour of the muscle in the different bath solutions used is discussed with respect to the mathematical relations just mentioned. 6. Long term active reactions of depolarized muscles following stretch and stress relaxation are noted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033516"}
{"pmid": "1033517", "title": "Effects of acute cold exposure on the distribution of cardiac output in the sheep.", "content": "Effects of acute cold exposure on the distribution of cardiac output in the sheep. Conscious adult Merino sheep were studied in a thermoneutral environment and then during cold exposure. Microspheres labelled with 141Ce, 51Cr, 85Sr, and 46Sc were used to measure blood flow (Q) in most tissues of the body. (Microspheres labelled with 125I were found to be unsatisfactory.) Cold exposure which caused a marked decrease in skin surface temperature and mild, continuous shivering but no change in deep body temperature, was associated with mean increases in oxygen consumption, heart rate, and cardiac output (C.O.) of 100%, 62%, and 48%, respectively; blood pressure and total peripheral resistance were unchanged. There was approximately a 6-fold increase in Q in perirenal white adipose tissue, and a 3- to 4-fold increase in muscles of the upper foreleg and hindleg, and the intercostals; myocardial Q also increased significantly. There was a marked decrease in Q in skin of the legs and ears, in the maxillo turbinals and in the nasal mucosa, and a decrease in the total proportion of C.O. passing through arteriovenous anastomoses. Thus, not only did C.O. increase, but there was a redistribution appropriate to meet the challenge with which the animal was confronted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033517"}
{"pmid": "1033519", "title": "Acclimatization of rats to moderate heat: body water distribution and adaptability of the submaxillary salivary gland.", "content": "Acclimatization of rats to moderate heat: body water distribution and adaptability of the submaxillary salivary gland. Changes in plasma and extracellular fluid volumes were studied in rats during exposure to 35 degree C for 28 days. In addition the adaptability of the submaxillary salivary gland to these conditions was studied by measuring its weight, plasma and extracellular volumes during the acclimatization period. Major changes in parameters studied occurred during the first 10 days of acclimatization. Total plasma volume on day 10 was less than in controls (P = 0.02), but from then on returned to normal values. Extracellular fluid volume was expanded for most of the period. An enlargement of the submaxillary salivary gland was present during the whole period, but maximal enlargement was observed on day 10 (42%). On day 28 the gland was 14% larger. No changes in plasma and extracellular volumes of the gland were observed. It appears that due to redistribution of the blood pool at the beginning of heat exposure, plasma and extracellular volumes remain constant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033519"}
{"pmid": "1033518", "title": "Mechanism of inhibition of gastric acid secretion by hypertonic solutions and vasopressin.", "content": "Mechanism of inhibition of gastric acid secretion by hypertonic solutions and vasopressin. An experiment was performed in female rats in order to assess the influence and mechanism underlying the effects of hyperglycemia, hypertonic saline and vasopressin upon the gastric acid secretion and mucosal blood flow (MBF). Infusion of isotonic saline did not alter acid output and gastric clearance of plasma aminopyrine whereas hypertonic solutions (20% glucose or 3% NaCl) significantly increased plasma osmolality and decreased the acid secretion within 30 min and recovered to normal levels after 2 h. Vasopressin also effectively inhibited acid secretion. Both hypertonic solutions and vasopressin decreased the mucosal blood flow. However, the ratio (R) of MBF to gastric secretory rate which is a helpful guide to the mechanism of secretory inhibition did not significantly change in either case. We concluded that all three agents probably had a direct action on secretion rather than decreasing MBF. The mechanism of inhabition of acid secretion and its relationship to MBF was suggested and discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033518"}
{"pmid": "1033522", "title": "Use of endogenous triglycerides to support gluconeogenesis in the perfused isolated rat liver.", "content": "Use of endogenous triglycerides to support gluconeogenesis in the perfused isolated rat liver. The carbon balances in isolated perfused rat liver during gluconeogenesis from L-alanine and sodium L-lactate indicate that assuming the substrate unaccounted for were fully oxidized the energy yielded was not sufficient to support the observed rates of glucose synthesis. This observation indicates that endogenous substrates must also be oxidized. The possibility that endogenous fatty acid oxidation was the source of the energy needed to support glucose synthesis was investigated by measuring the rate of 14CO2 formation from tracer quantities of added [U-14C] palmitate. Short pulses of L-alanine or sodium L-lactate infusion produced an increased rate of 14CO2 production paralleled by increases in oxygen uptake indicating that more endogenous fuel is being mobilized. That the rate of 14CO2 output is an expression of fatty acid mobilization was supported by experiments demonstrating that the addition of octanoate to dilute the fatty acid pool produced an immediate fall in the rate of 14CO2 output. On the other hand, the administration of glucose produced no changes in oxygen uptake or 14CO2 output. However, lactate even in the presence of glucose induced a rise in 14CO2 production which occurred in parallel with the enhancement in oxygen uptake. It is concluded that mobilization of hepatic endogenous fatty acid is a metabolic event intimately associated with enhancement of gluconeogenesis. Consequently the control of the different steps of this process may indirectly control gluconeogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033522"}
{"pmid": "1033523", "title": "The effect of capsaïcin on temperature regulation of the rat.", "content": "The effect of capsaïcin on temperature regulation of the rat. 1. Subcutaneous injection of capsaïcin (6-11 mg, or 21-66 mg cumulative), permanently reduced the capacity of rats to withstand a hot environment, as described by Jancsó-Gábor et al. (1970). 2. The treated rats thermoregulatory behaviour was not different from that of control rats, both in hot and cold environments. 3. Saliva secretion was decreased in a hot environment, and the weight of the submaxillary glands was reduced in capsaïcinized rats. 4. It is concluded that hyperthermia present in treated rats when subjected to a warm environment is not due to a disruption of sensu stricto temperature regulation, but rather to a decreased salivary secretion. Whether this decrease has a central or a peripheral origin is not known.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033523"}
{"pmid": "1033521", "title": "The influence of chloride on the ouabain-sensitive membrane potential and conductance of crayfish giant axons.", "content": "The influence of chloride on the ouabain-sensitive membrane potential and conductance of crayfish giant axons. 1. Resting potential and current-voltage relation were measured in crayfish giant axons bathed in chloride-free and sodium-free solutions with and without ouabain. 2. Chloride-free solution caused a transient depolarization but did not alter the steady-state membrane potential. Utilizing isethionate as an anion substitute, the membrane resistance increased 12.5%. 3. In the absence of extracellular chloride, ouabain (0.5-1 mM) depolarized the axon 6-7 mV. The shape of the current-voltage relation did not change but the curve was shifted along the current axis. 4. These results indicate that ouabain inhibits a steady-state hyperpolarizing electrogenic pump current of approximately 3 muA/cm2. 5. Extracellular sodium removal from axons equilibrated in chloride-free solutions transiently hyperpolarized the membrane 6-7 mV without a change in membrane resistance. The transient hyperpolarization was ouabain and temperature sensitive. The steady-state potential reached in sodium-free and chloride-free solution was not ouabain sensitive. Temperature sensitivity of the steady-state membrane potential was greatly reduced. 6. The transient hyperpolarization produced by extracellular sodium removal was metabolically driven and may present the expression of a sodium efflux transport current of 7.0-7.5 muA/cm2. 7. Using electrophysiologically measured parameters, sodium and potassium conductance, influx and efflux currents and the coupling ratio for sodium/potassium transport are calculated from a modification of the conductance equation. 8. The sodium/potassium transport coupling ratio for steady-state conditions was estimated at 5:3 (1.67:1).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033521"}
{"pmid": "1033520", "title": "The influence of cardioactive steroids, metabolic inhibitors, temperature and sodium on membrane conductance and potential of crayfish giant axons.", "content": "The influence of cardioactive steroids, metabolic inhibitors, temperature and sodium on membrane conductance and potential of crayfish giant axons. 1. The resting membrane potential and the current-voltage relation were measured in crayfish giant axons before and after treatment with cardioactive steroids, metabolic inhibitors, extracellular sodium depletion and low temperature. 2. The membrane resistance of axons treated with cardioactive steroids, metabolic inhibitors, and low extracellular sodium was reduced by 30-53% depending on the treatment. Low temperature also caused a decrease in the membrane resistance of the axon but the decrease was limited to potentials around the resting membrane potential. The temperature response of sodium depleted or ouabain treated axons was an increase in resistance at all points along the current-voltage relation. 3. All inhibitors and low temperature caused a depolarization of the membrane potential. Ouabain and strophanthidin were the most effective, reducing the membrane potential by an average of 9.6 mV in 10-20 min. Low sodium did not cause a depolarization but consistently reduced the membrane resistance by an average of 30%. 4. The data suggest that there is an interaction between the activity of the ouabain-sensitive transport system and resting membrane resistance in the crayfish axon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033520"}
{"pmid": "1033525", "title": "Oxygen transport capacity of the capillary blood within the carotid body.", "content": "Oxygen transport capacity of the capillary blood within the carotid body. Local deltaPo2 deltat in the carotid body after perfusion stop depends on the oxygen consumption of the tissue and the apparent O2 solubility coefficient alpha of the blood. Oxygen consumption of the carotid body tissue can be determined by measuring the local deltaPo2 deltat with Po2 needle electrodes after Krebs-Henseleit perfusion. Assuming the same deltaPo2 deltat for the blood-perfused carotid body the actual Po2 decrease can be used to estimate the hemoglobin content of the tissue. The influence of hemoglobin is described by the factor alpha/alpha. Control values measured in the Krebs-Henseleit-perfused carotid body yielded values of alpha/alpha = 0.8-3. In a series of 11 blood-perfused carotid body preparations with 105 perfusion stops the quotient alpha/alpha changed with arterial Po2. At Po2 values higher than 100 Torr alpha/alpha was between 0.8 and 2. This value thus was in the same range as the control values. Below 100 Torr higher values up to 11 were observed. Since a blood-perfused tissue (15 g% Hb) would have an alpha/alpha of about 128, we conclude that the carotid body is mainly perfused by plasma, and that with decreasing arterial Po2 more red cells flowed through the carotid body.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033525"}
{"pmid": "1033527", "title": "A time- and voltage-dependent potassium current in the rabbit sinoatrial node cell.", "content": "A time- and voltage-dependent potassium current in the rabbit sinoatrial node cell. Voltage clamp experiments were conducted in the rabbit sinoatrial node (S-A node) using the double microelectrode technique. When the membrane was repolarized to the resting potential after depolarizing test pulses, the outward current slowly decayed to the steady level (outward current tail). The magnitude of the outward current tail was a sigmoid function of the amplitude of the preceding depolarization. The degree of activation of this current varied from 0 at about -50 mV to 1 at about +20 mV. The time course of the current change was a simple exponential and was independent of the preceding depolarization. The reciprocal time constant appeared to be a U-shaped function of the membrane potential with a minimum value of about 3s-1 at -40 mV. The instantaneous current voltage relation was an inward-going rectifier, but showed no detectable negative slope. The reversal potential, obtained between 10 and 50 mM [K]o, decreased with a slope of 58 mV for a 10-fold increase in [K]o. These findings indicate that the outward current tail in the S-A node cell is attributable to a single component of K current (pacemaker current component). The pacemaker current component is mainly responsible for the slow diastolic depolarization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033527"}
{"pmid": "1033526", "title": "Lactate oxidation by skeletal muscle during sustained contraction in vivo.", "content": "Lactate oxidation by skeletal muscle during sustained contraction in vivo. Estimation of lactate oxidation in vivo was carried out by a tracer technique in the muscles of the lower hindleg of the dog during tetani of different duration. The fractional (%) rate of lactate oxidation increased markedly, compared with that of the resting muscle, after the first 2 min of stimulation. Lactate oxidation afforded a large contribution to the total oxygen consumption. Fatigue appeared to play a role in limiting lactate oxidation in the later phase of sustained contraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033526"}
{"pmid": "1033529", "title": "Simple and stable techniques for recording slow-wave sleep.", "content": "Simple and stable techniques for recording slow-wave sleep. 1. A combination technique of a telemetric system and a Walter-type analyzer have been used in the rat to allow on-line display of the sleep-waking cycle of a freely-moving animal on three consecutive days. 2. The characteristics of slow-wave sleep can be analyzed completely by this technique. 3. Telemetric recording of the integrated slow wave is a good method that allows faster and accurate scoring of slow waves to measure the length of sleep in freely-moving animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033529"}
{"pmid": "1033530", "title": "Referencing procedure for location of lumbosacral alpha-motoneurons.", "content": "Referencing procedure for location of lumbosacral alpha-motoneurons. This report presents a simple referencing procedure to facilitate microelectrode positioning within a desired motor nucleus in the cat spinal cord. The procedure is used in conjunction with the conventional technique of interpreting microelectrode position in the ventral gray column on the basis of the relative amplitude of antidromically or orthodromically evoked field potentials from select motor nuclei. The procedure optimizes the use of a single surface anatomical landmark such that the nuclei can be quantitatively referenced both horizontally and sagitally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033530"}
{"pmid": "1033524", "title": "The effect of heart rate on the membrane responsiveness of rabbit atrial muscle.", "content": "The effect of heart rate on the membrane responsiveness of rabbit atrial muscle. The maximum rate of rise of action potentials in myocardial fibers of the rabbit atrium decreases with an increase in heart rate. This decrease of the dV/dt max is accompanied by a decrease of the diastolic transmembrane potential prior to the moment of activation (take-off potential). Comparison of the membrane responsiveness curve (relation between dV/dt max and take-off potential) as measured by varying the extracellular potassium concentration at a fixed rate of stimulation, with the effect of changes in the frequency of stimulation on dV/dt max and take-off potential made clear that the fall in dV/dt max after a sudden increase in heart rate was stronger than could be explained by the concomitant decrease of the take-off potential alone. This implicates that the membrane responsiveness itself is heart rate dependent. A possible explanation for this observation is that when heart rate is increased the active Na/K pump is not able to maintain the intracellular concentration of Na and K at the original level. Acceleration of the heart will lead to an intracellular loss of potassium and a gain of sodium. The first causes a diminishment of the diastolic membrane potential which according to the membrane responsiveness curve is attended with a decrease of the dV/dt max. The second results in a decrease of the sodium concentration gradient and therefore in a further reduction of the dV/dt max. This hypothesis was confirmed by experiments with ouabain added to the perfusion fluid. Ouabain, which is known to inhibit the Na/K pump, caused a decrease of both the take-off potential and dV/dt max that was completely comparable with the effects of an increase of the frequency of stimulation. In addition, observation of the time course of the changes in dV/dt max and membrane \"resting\" potential after a sudden change in the rate of stimulation, gave support to the electrogenic concept of the active Na/K pump in cardiac muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033524"}
{"pmid": "1033531", "title": "Single nephron glomerular filtration rate ratios of superficial, intercortical and juxtamedullary nephrons in rats during development.", "content": "Single nephron glomerular filtration rate ratios of superficial, intercortical and juxtamedullary nephrons in rats during development. In 20, 40 and 60-day-old rats the filtration rate was studied using Baines modification of Hanssen's Na4Fe (14CN)6 method enabeling the determination of single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) ratio between superficial (S), intercortical (I) and juxtamedullary (J) nephrons. The proximal tubule lengths were determined as well. A close correlation was obtained between age and S/I, I/J and S/J of proximal tubule lengths and between age and I/J, S/J 14C-activities of ferro-cyanide. Presented findings confirm the data on the increasing role of superficial nephrons in the course of postnatal development of rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033531"}
{"pmid": "1033532", "title": "Observations on blood flow related electrical impedance changes in rigid tubes.", "content": "Observations on blood flow related electrical impedance changes in rigid tubes. Mammalian blood in pulsatile flow through a rigid tube has been shown to be anisotropic with regard to its electrical conductivity. When flow increases there is a rise in conductivity in the longitudinal and a fall in the radial direction. These changes are caused by flow-dependent variations in the orientation of the disk-shaped erythrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033532"}
{"pmid": "1033528", "title": "Evolution in vivo of the synthesis rate of catecholamines in various peripheral organs of the rat during cold exposure.", "content": "Evolution in vivo of the synthesis rate of catecholamines in various peripheral organs of the rat during cold exposure. The synthesis of catecholamines (CA) has been studied in the heart, spleen, submaxillary glands and adrenals of rats exposed to 4 degrees C for 2.5, 24 or 48 h. The synthesis rate has been estimated 30 min after an i.v. injection of 3H tyrosine (TY) by the evaluation of the ratio: 3H-CA specific activity/3H-TY specific activity. In the sub-maxillary glands, cold exposure reduced the noradrenaline (NA) synthesis by 40% at times 24 and 48 h. In the spleen, NA synthesis was multiplied by a factor 1.6 at times 2.5 and 24 h and 2.8 at time 48 h. In the heart, it was increased by a factor 1.3 after 2.5 h, 2.8 after 24 h and 5.5 after 48 h: an important fall in cardiac NA level was observed during the first 24 h of cold exposure indicating that the synthesis capability was unsufficient to compensate the cold-induced NA release. In the adrenals, adrenaline + NA synthesis was not significantly enhanced during the first 24 h of cold exposure and increased by a factor 2.4 at time 48 h. The important increases in CA synthesis which are observed during the 24-48 h interval are likely consecutive to the induction of tyrosine hydroxylase which has been reported in the rat exposed to cold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033528"}
{"pmid": "1033534", "title": "Porton Down; the microbiological research establishment.", "content": "Porton Down; the microbiological research establishment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033534"}
{"pmid": "1033535", "title": "Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of colonic diverticulitis.", "content": "Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of colonic diverticulitis. A patient over 40 years of age who complains of lower abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea or both, and increased flatulence should be suspected of having diverticulosis. When pain becomes more severe and persistent, diverticulitis must be considered. Diagnosis depends on roentgen demonstration of the presence of diverticula. Sigmoidoscopy and barium enema study are essential to exclude coexisting disease but in diverticulitis may need to be postponed until severe local and systemic signs of inflammation have subsided. A number of diseases can simulate diverticulitis, and differential diagnosis may present considerable difficulty. Irritable colon syndrome and acute appendicitis may be indistinguishable clinically from diverticulitis. Differentiation from carcinoma is usually not difficult, but exclusion of coexistent carcinoma may be impossible except by resection. Ulcerative colitis is also easily distinguished except when, rarely, it coexists. Crohn's disease of the colon is less easily differentiated, especially in patients over 40, in whom the two diseases often coexist. Other colonic diseases, such as ischemic colitis, and pelvic inflammatory diseases usually show characteristic features which make them readily distinguishable from diverticulitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033535"}
{"pmid": "1033536", "title": "Toleracne to equine IgG after immunosuppression in patients with multiple sclerosis.", "content": "Toleracne to equine IgG after immunosuppression in patients with multiple sclerosis. Fourteen patients with multiple sclerosis were given two tolerizing doses of equinine gammaglobulin followed by equine antilymphocyte globulin. Twelve were sufficiently tolerant to have no clinical symptoms of hypersensitivity, no skin reactivity and normal plasma clearance rates. Some tolerance was lost in the following months revealed by immediate wheal and flare skin reactions. No correlation between success in tolerance induction and beneficial effects on the disease process could be established in the short term follow-up period of this pilot study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033536"}
{"pmid": "1033537", "title": "The in vitro assessment of anti-human lymphocyte globulin.", "content": "The in vitro assessment of anti-human lymphocyte globulin. A simple reproducible in vitro test of anti-human lymphocyte globulin activity is discribed. The method is a \"microtitre\" complement-fixation test using human platelets as a source of antigen, guinea-pig complement and an amboceptor of sheep red blood cells sensitized by rabbit anti-sheep haemolysin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033537"}
{"pmid": "1033538", "title": "Conditions affecting plasma amino acid patterns in chickens fed practical and purified diets.", "content": "Conditions affecting plasma amino acid patterns in chickens fed practical and purified diets. Experiments were conducted to investigate plasma free amino acid concentrations in the chick. After one hour of fasting, total plasma amino acid concentration decreased to approximately half of the full-fed value. Within three to six hours, most amino acids had returned toward the full-fed level but did not exceed it throughout a 48 hour period of starvation. However, after 48 hours fasting lysine, threonine, and isoleucine accumulated three-fold, two-fold and two-fold of the full-fed level, respectively. Serine and glutamic acid exceeded the full-fed level at three hours and then declined. Alanine reached its highest level after six hours of fasting and then declined. In full-fed chicks diurnal variations of plasma free amino acid concentrations were observed. The lowest and highest concentrations were observed at 11 a.m. and 8 to 11 p.m., respectively under a 24 hr-lighting. Reference plasma amino acid patterns are reported for chicks fed a practical diet ad libitum. In day-old chicks, concentrations of total amino acids, methionine plus one half cystine, lysine, and arginine were high. Alanine and glutamic acid concentrations were low. Most amino acid concentrations declined gradually during the first four weeks of life, but methionine plus one half cystine, phenylalaine, threonine and serine concentrations decreased sharply between two and four weeks. Lysine concentration continued to decrease in chicks fed the starter diet. At 20 weeks, plasma amino acid concentrations had decreased considerably except for methionine plus one half cystine and basic amino acids. The plasma amino acid pattern for chicks fed an isolated soybean protein diet was similar to that of chicks fed the practical diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033538"}
{"pmid": "1033539", "title": "Ovarian 125I transference in the laying Japanese quail: apparent stimulation by FSH and lack of stimulation by TSH.", "content": "Ovarian 125I transference in the laying Japanese quail: apparent stimulation by FSH and lack of stimulation by TSH. Six-hour accumulations of 125I were measured in the growing oocytes and thyroids of laying Japanese quail injected with 0.002 to 2 mg. of FSH or 0.004 to 4 I.U. of TSH per day for six days. FSH at 0.2 and 2 mg./day increased the 125I content of the growing oocytes to 1.4 times the control values. The numbers and the total weights of these growing oocytes doubled. The egg-laying rate remained unchanged. The FSH-induced apparent stimulation of 125 I transference was seen as a consequence of the increase in oocyte material rather than to a direct effect of FSH on the membranes of the avarian follicular cells. TSH did not increase the transference of 125I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033539"}
{"pmid": "1033541", "title": "Diurnal cycles of gastric motlity in normal and fasted turkeys.", "content": "Diurnal cycles of gastric motlity in normal and fasted turkeys. Strain gage transducers were chronically implanted on the muscular stomachs of 12 young turkeys to study diurnal patterns of gastric motility. Continuous recordings were made for several days before and after a period of two or three days of fasting. Pronounced diurnal cycles in gastric motility were observed in which the frequency and amplitude of gastric contractions were increased during the daylight and depressed during darkness. Fasting caused a reduction in both frequency and amplitude and, during fasting, the diurnal cycles were somewhat obscured. Motility improved upon refeeding and cycles were agina apparent. The diurnal cycles appeared to be at least partially regulated by an intrinsic biological rhythm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033541"}
{"pmid": "1033540", "title": "Effect of biotin and niacin on lipid content of livers in the laying hen.", "content": "Effect of biotin and niacin on lipid content of livers in the laying hen. Single Comb White Leghorn layers maintained in cages were fed a corn-soy diet with a simplified vitamin premix for a 12-week experimental period to determine the effect on liver lipid accumulation. Lipid content was only 29.6% of the liver dry matter and, therefore, was in the normal range and less than that seen in hens with fatty liver syndrome. Adding niacin (44 mg./kg.) or biotin (110 mug./kg.) either alone or in combination failed to significantly alter liver weight or liver lipid content. Liver lipid content of hens fed another diet with a more complex vitamin premix also was not significantly different from that of hens fed the diet with the simplified vitamin premix. None of the diets significantly affected egg production, egg weight, feed consumption or body weight changes observed over the 12-week period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033540"}
{"pmid": "1033542", "title": "Twin pigeon embryos.", "content": "Twin pigeon embryos. Twin pigeon embryos were found on incubation day 18 in a pipped egg. The egg was pipped at the small end. The embryos were dead. Removal of a portion of the shell allowed removal of one embryo and revealed the second one. Both appeared normal in development and size.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033542"}
{"pmid": "1033549", "title": "Plasma prolactin and progesterone during the estrous cycle in the mouse.", "content": "Plasma prolactin and progesterone during the estrous cycle in the mouse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033549"}
{"pmid": "1033547", "title": "The effects of sodium pentobarbital or ether anesthesia on spontaneous and electrochemically-induced gonadotropin release.", "content": "The effects of sodium pentobarbital or ether anesthesia on spontaneous and electrochemically-induced gonadotropin release.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033547"}
{"pmid": "1033545", "title": "Primary and secondary prevention among adults: an analysis with comments on screening and health education.", "content": "Primary and secondary prevention among adults: an analysis with comments on screening and health education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033545"}
{"pmid": "1033548", "title": "A comparison of gamma-butyrolactone and pimozide on serum gonadotrophins and ovulation in the rat.", "content": "A comparison of gamma-butyrolactone and pimozide on serum gonadotrophins and ovulation in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033548"}
{"pmid": "1033550", "title": "Possible determinants of plasma renin activity in infant rats.", "content": "Possible determinants of plasma renin activity in infant rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033550"}
{"pmid": "1033551", "title": "Glucocorticoid receptors and inhibition of bone cell growth in primary culture.", "content": "Glucocorticoid receptors and inhibition of bone cell growth in primary culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033551"}
{"pmid": "1033552", "title": "Light induced changes in ketamine response in the chick.", "content": "Light induced changes in ketamine response in the chick.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033552"}
{"pmid": "1033553", "title": "Neuropharmacological interaction between ketamine, and physostigmine, diazepam or propranolol.", "content": "Neuropharmacological interaction between ketamine, and physostigmine, diazepam or propranolol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033553"}
{"pmid": "1033554", "title": "Dose-response shifts in the behavioural effects of dopamine agonists and antagonists following chronic morphine treatment.", "content": "Dose-response shifts in the behavioural effects of dopamine agonists and antagonists following chronic morphine treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033554"}
{"pmid": "1033555", "title": "Acute and chronic effects of morphine and withdrawal from morphine on temperature in the cat.", "content": "Acute and chronic effects of morphine and withdrawal from morphine on temperature in the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033555"}
{"pmid": "1033556", "title": "The effect of narcotic agonists and antagonists on the rat colon.", "content": "The effect of narcotic agonists and antagonists on the rat colon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033556"}
{"pmid": "1033557", "title": "Transmission of 14C-benzo(a)pyrene from lactating mice to their offspring.", "content": "Transmission of 14C-benzo(a)pyrene from lactating mice to their offspring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033557"}
{"pmid": "1033558", "title": "Dopaminergic sites involved in morphine withdrawal hypothermia.", "content": "Dopaminergic sites involved in morphine withdrawal hypothermia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033558"}
{"pmid": "1033560", "title": "Temperature dependent interaction of morphine and naloxone on spin labelled bovine brain liposomes.", "content": "Temperature dependent interaction of morphine and naloxone on spin labelled bovine brain liposomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033560"}
{"pmid": "1033559", "title": "The use of tert-butanol in alcohol dependence studies.", "content": "The use of tert-butanol in alcohol dependence studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033559"}
{"pmid": "1033561", "title": "Papaverine, drug-induced stereotypy and catalepsy and biogenic amines in the brain of the rat.", "content": "Papaverine, drug-induced stereotypy and catalepsy and biogenic amines in the brain of the rat. The effects of papaverine on haloperidol-induced catalepsy and apomorphine-induced stereotypy as well as brain monoamines concentrations in rats were studied. Papaverine increased cataleptogenic effect of haloperidol whilst reduced stereotypy induced by apomorphine. Slight but significant decrease in brain dopamine concentration was observed in rats treated with papaverine. The present study indicates that papaverine has influences upon dopaminergic mechanisms in the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033561"}
{"pmid": "1033562", "title": "Spontaneous and amphetamine induced head-shaking in infant rats.", "content": "Spontaneous and amphetamine induced head-shaking in infant rats. A variable proportion of albino rats 6-11 days old exhibit spontaneous and infrequent rotatory head-shaking episodes. This motor pattern is slightly anticipated and significantly increased in occurrence and duration by the administration of D-amphetamine (5 mg/Kg), with a maximal effect of the drug on the 9th day. The rate of amphetamine induced rhythmic head oscillations increases with age from below 5 cps on the 5th day to about 9 cps on the 10th day. The results are discussed in relation to maturation of both the underlying catecholaminergic pathways, activated by D-amphetamine, and the stretch reflex systems of the head and neck muscles participating in the rhythmic activity. Emphasis is placed on the difference between head-shaking and stereotyped activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033562"}
{"pmid": "1033563", "title": "Relative role of catecholamines in head-shaking of infant rats.", "content": "Relative role of catecholamines in head-shaking of infant rats. The relative contribution of catecholaminergic mechanisms in head-shaking (H-S) of infant rats was explored by comparing the H-S inducing effects of apomorphine and amphetamine in rats from 4-14 days old, and the blocking effect of neuroleptic drugs (chlorpromazine and haloperidol) and more specific alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists (phenoxybenzamine and propranolol), on amphetamine induced head-shaking. As apomorphine, but not amphetamine, may induce H-S in four-day-old rats, and the latter drug potentiates apomorphine induced H-S, even in days in which, if injected alone it has no effect, it is suggested that both dopaminergic and noradrenergic mechanisms are involved in H-S, thus differentiating this motor item from other motor patterns included in stereotyped behaviour. This suggestion is further supported by the demonstration that while D-amphetamine induced H-S is blocked by phenoxybenzamine, other stereotyped motor patterns continue unimpaired.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033563"}
{"pmid": "1033564", "title": "Cortical administration of somatostatin (SRIF): effect on sleep and motor behavior.", "content": "Cortical administration of somatostatin (SRIF): effect on sleep and motor behavior. Cortical administration of SRIF in unrestrained, freely moving rats produced an early activation, stereotyped behavior patterns and later, coordination difficulties often associated with drowsiness. A few animals showed a tendency toward paraplegia-in-extension. A considerable, prolonged alteration in the sleep-waking cycle was also observed. Similar results were obtained in both intact and hypophysectomized animals. Intraperitoneal administration of SRIF induced several other effects in addition to those seen after cortical application. The latter were however, restricted in variety, intensity and duration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033564"}
{"pmid": "1033565", "title": "Abolition of nomifensine-induced stereotypy after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of ascending dopaminergic projections.", "content": "Abolition of nomifensine-induced stereotypy after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of ascending dopaminergic projections. The effects of bilateral focal injections of 6-hydroxydopamine into the zona compacta of the substantia nigra (SNC) on nomifensine-induced stereotypy were examined in the rat. These lesions reduced neostriatal dopamine levels to less than 1 percent of control levels. They also abolished nomifensine-induced stereotyped behavior. It is suggested that nomifensine-induced stereotypy is mediated via a presynaptic action on dopamine uptake and release.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033565"}
{"pmid": "1033568", "title": "Response suppression on a mixed schedule of reinforcement during alcohol withdrawal.", "content": "Response suppression on a mixed schedule of reinforcement during alcohol withdrawal. Two groups of rats were maintained on a mixed fixed-ratio, fixed-interval schedule of food reinforcement until performance was stable. The animals were intubated daily with ascending doses of alcohol or water 30 min before each session, starting with 4.0 g/kg and increasing to the final dose of 8.0 g/kg. The results show that withdrawal from alcohol suppresses responding in all components of a mixed schedule and this suppression lasts approximately 14 hours. These results support previous reports which suggest that the duration of the behavioral aberrations produced by alcohol withdrawal are most severe 6 to 14 hours post-withdrawal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033568"}
{"pmid": "1033566", "title": "Enhancement of the locomotor response to d-amphetamine by olfactory bulb damage in rats.", "content": "Enhancement of the locomotor response to d-amphetamine by olfactory bulb damage in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033566"}
{"pmid": "1033567", "title": "On the anticataleptic action of cyproheptadine.", "content": "On the anticataleptic action of cyproheptadine. The anticataleptic action of cyproheptadine, a tricyclic compound known as antiserotonin, anticholinergic and antihistaminic drug in comparison to that of atropine, promethazine, imipramine, desipramine, chlorimipramine and nomifensine was studied in rats. The catalepsy induced by spiperon, pimozide or fluphenazine was antagonized by cyproheptadine, atropine and promethazine. Imipramine and nomifensine were less active, desipramine and chlorimipramine without effect. The reserpine- and alpha-methyltyrosine-catalepsy was counteracted by cyproheptadine, promethazine and nomifensine, but not by atropine or tricyclic antidepressants. Only cyproheptadine and promethazine antagonized the catalepsy caused by a combined treatment with reserpine and alpha-methyltyrosine. The pilocarpine-catalepsy was abolished by atropine, promethazine and nomifensine and unaffected by tricyclic antidepressants. Atropine and promethazine antagonized also the physostigmine-catalepsy. The catalepsy induced by both cholinomimetic drugs was not changed or increased by cyproheptadine. The results presented indicate that cyproheptadine differs in its anticataleptic activity from all the drugs used for comparison. Possible mechansims of this activity are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033567"}
{"pmid": "1033569", "title": "Effects of nicotinic and muscarinic compounds on biting attack in the cat.", "content": "Effects of nicotinic and muscarinic compounds on biting attack in the cat. Predatory-like biting attack on a rat, as well as hissing, growling, and other threat behaviors, could be induced in normally non-aggressive cats by systemic administration of the muscarinic agonist, arecoline (7-12 mg/kg). In contrast to arecoline, nicotine was found to suppress aggressive behaviors. Systemic administration of nicotine (0.5 mg/kg) prior to arecoline injection resulted in a significant reduction in elicited attack and threat behaviors. Furthermore, nicotine (0.075-0.500 mg/kg) was found to produce a dose-dependent suppression of natural predatory behavior as well. This nicotine-produced suppression of attack did not appear to be due to the induction of general malaise, since attack suppression could be seen in the absence of general behavioral inhibition, and doses of nicotine resulting in complete suppression of attack had little effect on food intake. Results indicate that muscarinic and nicotinic compounds can exert antagonistic control over some types of aggressive behaviors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033569"}
{"pmid": "1033570", "title": "Ethanol elimination rates in normal and ethanol dependent animals.", "content": "Ethanol elimination rates in normal and ethanol dependent animals. Ethanol elimination rates were determined in rats using an intravenous route of ethanol administration after several experimental manipulations. Twenty-four hr food deprivation resulted in a 30% reduction to 35 mg/100ml blood/hr in elimination rate from a non-deprived rate of 50 mg/100 ml blood/hr. After 2 months of ethanol drinking (5% v/v), 24 hr starvation resulted in only a 10% reduction in elimination rate (45 mg/100 ml blood/hr), and did not increase the non-food-deprived rate (49.2 mg/100 ml blood/hr) over that obtained in the above animals' drinking water rather than 5% ethanol. Animals which chronically overdrank ethanol or water for 3 months on a schedule-induced polydipsia procedure, known to result in ethanol physical dependence, showed a decreased rate of ethanol elimination (37.9 mg/100 ml blood/hr for water drinkers) in the non-food-deprived condition. By providing 750 mg of liver powder daily as a food supplement in the ethanol overdrinking regimen, the ethanol elimination rate remained at a rate comparable to the normal animal (48.4 mg/100 ml blood/hr).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033570"}
{"pmid": "1033575", "title": "Evidence that maternal ventral skin substances promote suckling in infant rats.", "content": "Evidence that maternal ventral skin substances promote suckling in infant rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033575"}
{"pmid": "1033572", "title": "Reinstatement of eating by dopamine agonists in aphagic dopamine denervated rats.", "content": "Reinstatement of eating by dopamine agonists in aphagic dopamine denervated rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033572"}
{"pmid": "1033573", "title": "Influence of diet palatability on the meal taking behavior of hypothalamic hyperphagic and normal rats.", "content": "Influence of diet palatability on the meal taking behavior of hypothalamic hyperphagic and normal rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033573"}
{"pmid": "1033574", "title": "Overeating and obesity produced by interruption of the caudal connections of the hypothalamus: evidence of hormonal and metabolic disruption.", "content": "Overeating and obesity produced by interruption of the caudal connections of the hypothalamus: evidence of hormonal and metabolic disruption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033574"}
{"pmid": "1033577", "title": "Adaptation of the glucocorticosterone response to novelty.", "content": "Adaptation of the glucocorticosterone response to novelty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033577"}
{"pmid": "1033571", "title": "The role of hippocampal cholinergic mechanisms in the aquisition of a barpress response.", "content": "The role of hippocampal cholinergic mechanisms in the aquisition of a barpress response. The role of hippocampal cholinergic mechanisms in learning a bar-press response reinforced with food was investigated. Firstly, an interstrain comparison showed that mice having a low choline acetyltransferase activity in the dorsal hippocampus were quicker to associate the barpress with reinforcement. Secondly, when the activity of this enzyme was reduced by a subseizure electrical stimulation of the hippocampus learning was accelerated. It is suggested that acetylcholine availability at the hippocampal synapses slowed the apparition of these learned responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033571"}
{"pmid": "1033576", "title": "Olfactory control of aggression in lactating female housemice.", "content": "Olfactory control of aggression in lactating female housemice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033576"}
{"pmid": "1033580", "title": "Ovarian influences on the meal patterns of female rats.", "content": "Ovarian influences on the meal patterns of female rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033580"}
{"pmid": "1033578", "title": "Aggression in male and female mice: evidence for changed neural sensitivity in response to neonatal but not adult androgen exposure.", "content": "Aggression in male and female mice: evidence for changed neural sensitivity in response to neonatal but not adult androgen exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033578"}
{"pmid": "1033579", "title": "Interruption of septal connections: effects on drinking, irritability, and copulation.", "content": "Interruption of septal connections: effects on drinking, irritability, and copulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033579"}
{"pmid": "1033581", "title": "Cue-dependent amnesia: permanence and memory return.", "content": "Cue-dependent amnesia: permanence and memory return.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033581"}
{"pmid": "1033582", "title": "Absence of post-fast food compensation in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus).", "content": "Absence of post-fast food compensation in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033582"}
{"pmid": "1033587", "title": "Habituation and the structure of the electrodermal system.", "content": "Habituation and the structure of the electrodermal system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033587"}
{"pmid": "1033584", "title": "Schedule dependent and schedule induced behavior at reduced and recovered body weight.", "content": "Schedule dependent and schedule induced behavior at reduced and recovered body weight.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033584"}
{"pmid": "1033583", "title": "Progesterone antagonism of aggression-promoting olfactory signals: a time-dependent phenomenon.", "content": "Progesterone antagonism of aggression-promoting olfactory signals: a time-dependent phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033583"}
{"pmid": "1033586", "title": "Imaginary companions, fantasy twins, mirror dreams and depersonalization.", "content": "Imaginary companions, fantasy twins, mirror dreams and depersonalization. Illustrative case material is presented to demonstrate genetic linkages between the presence of imaginary companions or fantasy twins and extensive mirror play in childhood and early adolescence, and the appearance of mirror dreams and depersonalization in later adolescence and adulthood. The defensive splitting of the self-representations observable in these phenomena is viewed as a means of warding off castration anxiety and anxiety about object loss, anxieties which arise because of conflicts primarily centering on intense aggressive drive derivative wishes. Formulations about depersonalization are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033586"}
{"pmid": "1033588", "title": "An improved mechanical strain gauge for recording penile circumference change.", "content": "An improved mechanical strain gauge for recording penile circumference change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033588"}
{"pmid": "1033585", "title": "Effects of alloxan induced diabetes on the feeding patterns of rats.", "content": "Effects of alloxan induced diabetes on the feeding patterns of rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033585"}
{"pmid": "1033590", "title": "Dopaminergic influence on withdrawal jumping behavior in morphine-dependent mice.", "content": "Dopaminergic influence on withdrawal jumping behavior in morphine-dependent mice. Abrupt withdrawal jumping behavior in morphine-dependent mice is accompanied by a decrease in brain dopamine turnover and an increase in brain dopamine level which parallel strain differences in jumping incidence. Both naloxone-precipitated and abrupt withdrawal jumping behavior are inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the dopaminergic agonist apomorphine. A cataleptic dose of the dopaminergic antagonist, haloperidol, does not block naloxone-precipitated jumping, but does significantly block the inhibition by apomorphine. These findings indicate that there may be a decrease release of dopamine in the brain during the expression of withdrawal jumping behavior and that dopaminergic activation may be inhibitory to this behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033590"}
{"pmid": "1033604", "title": "Suppression by 1,3-butanediol of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats.", "content": "Suppression by 1,3-butanediol of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome in rats. 1,3-Butanediol was tested for its ability to suppress an ethanol with drawal syndrome. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered physically dependent on ethanol by intragastric administration of ethanol at a dosage of 9 to 15 grams per kilogram per day over a 4-day period. A nonintoxicating oral dose of 1,3-butanediol at 4 grams per kilogram administered after elimination of ethanol from the blood was effective against the tremulous and conbulsive components of the ethanol withdrawal syndrome in all animals for 1 to 5 hours. This period coincided with the time of maximum severity of the withdrawal syndrome, as seen in the control animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033604"}
{"pmid": "1033608", "title": "Total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and inorganic phosphorus in the amniotic fluid of premature infants.", "content": "Total lipids, cholesterol, phospholipids and inorganic phosphorus in the amniotic fluid of premature infants. Total lipids, total cholesterol, phospholipids and inorganic phosphorus were determined in the amniotic fluid of 36 normal and 12 premature neonates. Total lipids, phospholipids and cholesterol were significantly decreased in the premature patients and the extent of decrease was more pronounced in patients who developed respiratory distress syndrome. On the other hand, inorganic phosphorus content of the amniotic fluid was within the normal range.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033608"}
{"pmid": "1033609", "title": "Postpartum haemolytic-uraemic syndrome.", "content": "Postpartum haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. In a young woman a twin pregnancy and uneventful labour were complicated by the development of the postpartum haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. A number of unusual features of this syndrome were present, including early onset, accompanying hepatocellular necrosis, hepatic encephalopathy and bleeding diathesis. Early institution of heparin therapy combined with coagulation factor replacement was followed by cessation of haemorrhage and complete recovery from acute renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033609"}
{"pmid": "1033610", "title": "Ultrastructural aspects of ascosporulation in Arthroderma quadrifidum (=Trichophyton terrestre).", "content": "Ultrastructural aspects of ascosporulation in Arthroderma quadrifidum (=Trichophyton terrestre). The ultrastructural features of developing and mature ascospores were delineated after mating Arthroderma quadrifidum on pablum cereal agar. Incipient ascospores each contained a granulated nucleus bounded by a nuclear envelope while presumptive ascospore cytoplasm was bounded by a double membrane and resided in glycogen-rich epiplasm of the ascus. Mature ascospores contained nuclei and mitochondria while the ascus epiplasm still retained abundant inclusions. The ascospore wall demonstrated the presence of heterogeneous material between the plasmalemma and the outer spore membrane which appeared smooth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033610"}
{"pmid": "1033611", "title": "The multifactorial/threshold concept -- uses and misuses.", "content": "The multifactorial/threshold concept -- uses and misuses. The common congenital malformations have familial distributions that cannot be accounted for by simple Mendelian models, but can be explained in terms of a continuous variable, \"liability,\" with a threshold value beyond which individuals will be affected. Both genetic and environmental factors determine liability, making the system multifactorial. Cleft palate is a useful experimental model, illustrating a number of factors that contribute to palate closure, the nature of a developmental threshold, and how genes and teratogens can alter the components of liability to increase the probability of cleft palate. The nature of the genetic component to liability in human malformations in not clear, and various possibilities, ranging from polygenic in the strict sense to a major gene with reduced penetrance are compatible with the data -- but the important feature is the threshold. Much of the confusion over the concept results from inconsistent use of terminology. The term \"multifactorial\" should be used for \"determined by a combination of genetic and environmental factors,\" without reference to the nature of the genetic factor(s). \"Polygenic\" should be reserved for \"a large number of genes, each with a small effect, acting additively.\" When several genes, with more major effects are involved, \"multilocal\" can be used. When it is not clear which of these is applicable the term \"plurilocal\" is suggested, in the sense of \"genetic variation more complex than a simple Mendelian difference.\" Since teratological data often represent threshold characters the concept also has important implications for the interpretation of data on dose-response curves, synergisms, and strain differences in response to teratogens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033611"}
{"pmid": "1033612", "title": "Inhibition of pinocytosis in rat yolk sac by trypan blue.", "content": "Inhibition of pinocytosis in rat yolk sac by trypan blue. Day 17.5 yolk sacs from rats injected with partially denatured 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin (I-BSA) were cultured in vitro by a raft technique. The rates of release of [125I]iodotyrosine were similar in control yolk sacs and in yolk sacs from rats preinjected with trypan blue. Day 17.5 rat yolk sacs were also cultured in medium containing I-BSA. Following pinocytic uptake the substrate was degraded intracellularly and [135I]iodotyrosine released into the medium. Trypan blue, when present in the medium in concentrations above 100 mug/ml, inhibited pinocytosis of I-BSA and so decreased the rate of [125I]iodotyrosine production. Trypan blue similarly decreased the rate of pinocytic uptake of 125I-labeled polyvinylpyrrolidone. Pinocytic uptake of macromolecules was not decreased in yolk sacs from rats pretreated with trypan blue. The relevance of these results to the mechanism of teratogenic action of trypan blue is discussed. It is proposed that if trypan blue in teratogenic doses similarly inhibits pinocytosis by the yolk sac during the organogenetic period teratogenesis might result from a transient interruption in the flow of metabolites through the yolk sac to the embryo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033612"}
{"pmid": "1033613", "title": "Primary cardiac Kaposi's sarcoma.", "content": "Primary cardiac Kaposi's sarcoma. We report the clinical, laboratory, and necropsy findings in a 14-year-old boy with a primary Kaposi's sarcoma of the heart. Primary cardiac Kaposi's sarcoma and angiosarcoma are compared, and the pathogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma is discussed. Relevant literature is briefly reviewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033613"}
{"pmid": "1033614", "title": "A teratogenicity study with amaranth in cats.", "content": "A teratogenicity study with amaranth in cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033614"}
{"pmid": "1033616", "title": "Use of a tissue sectioner to expose internal structures of biological samples for scanning electron microscopy.", "content": "Use of a tissue sectioner to expose internal structures of biological samples for scanning electron microscopy. A procedure yielding sections of unembedded biological samples for observation by scanning electron microscopy is described. Sections of samples, fixed and hardened in OsO4, were obtained in quantity with a tissue sectioner. Subsequent treatments to osmium-coat cut surfaces were employed prior to critical point drying. The procedure yields cleanly cut surfaces through cells and cytoplasmic organelles which are retained in their normal position. Sections of apple leaf and mouse kidney are illustrated. Sections can be readily cut in a desired plane with less structural damage than is typically encountered by other sectioning or dissection techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033616"}
{"pmid": "1033618", "title": "Incidence of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered in Buachi (Nigeria).", "content": "Incidence of fascioliasis in cattle slaughtered in Buachi (Nigeria). A survey was carried out in Bauchi abattoir during the period March 1973 to February 1974 in order to estimate the incidence of bovine fascioliasis. A total of 14,270 cattle originating from various markets in North-eastern Nigeria were examined. The incidence rate varied considerably, the highest being recorded in cattle from markets adjacent to large floodplains. The overall incidence rate was 31-7 per cent. The monthly incidence was highest during the periods immediately before and after the onset of the rains and was more a reflection of the marketing policy of the cattle owners than of the epizootiology of the disease. The annual loss in revenue caused by liver condemnations alone was estimated as 19,375 Naira.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033618"}
{"pmid": "1033621", "title": "Specific binding protein for 17 beta-estradiol in prostate with adenocarcinoma.", "content": "Specific binding protein for 17 beta-estradiol in prostate with adenocarcinoma. A specific binding protein for 17beta-estradiol has been detected in prostates of patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma, who had no endocrine manipulation prior to the removal of their prostates. Both the sucrose density gradient centrifugation and dextran-coated charcoal techniques were employed. The 17beta-estradiol binding protein has an approximate sedimentation coefficient of 3.6S and is distinct from cystolic dihydrotestosterone binding protein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033621"}
{"pmid": "1033622", "title": "Delayed transection of urethra by mersilene tape.", "content": "Delayed transection of urethra by mersilene tape. This report is of a patient with complete urethral transection after undergoing a mersilene sling urethral suspension. This unusual complication eventually presented as anterior urethral pseudodiverticulum containing the mersilene tape with a secondary calculus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033622"}
{"pmid": "1033624", "title": "Pyometra in a basset bitch.", "content": "Pyometra in a basset bitch.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033624"}
{"pmid": "1033625", "title": "Genuine anoestrus in mares.", "content": "Genuine anoestrus in mares.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033625"}
{"pmid": "1033626", "title": "The antibiotic sensitivity testing of pathogens commonly found in veterinary practice.", "content": "The antibiotic sensitivity testing of pathogens commonly found in veterinary practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033626"}
{"pmid": "1033615", "title": "The effect of LSD on the histology and ultrastructure of the neuroepithelium of young chick embryos: a stereological study.", "content": "The effect of LSD on the histology and ultrastructure of the neuroepithelium of young chick embryos: a stereological study. Five control chick embryos and fifteen exposed to LSD at concentrations of 2.5, 12.5 and 50 mug/ml were examined. The morphometric analysis performed at the light microscope level shows that (1) the section area of the neural tube increases with the two highest doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LDS) employed, (2) the volume fraction of the intercellular spaces decreases with the two highest doses of LSD, (3) the volume fraction of the nuclei in the neural tube is not modified with any concentrations of LSD employed, (4) the volume fraction of the cytoplasm in the neural tube increases with all three concentrations, and (5) the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio decreases with all three doses employed. Moreover, at the ultrastructural level, it was found that (1) the volume fraction of mitochondria in the cytoplasm decreases at doses of 12.5 and 50 mug/ml (2) the surface to volume ratio of the mitochondria is unchanged with any of the concentrations of LSD employed and (3) the surface density of the endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm increases only with a dose of 2.5 mug/ml of LSD.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033615"}
{"pmid": "1033627", "title": "Surgical treatment of Cushing's syndrome in the cat.", "content": "Surgical treatment of Cushing's syndrome in the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033627"}
{"pmid": "1033628", "title": "Thelazia worms in the eyes of British cattle.", "content": "Thelazia worms in the eyes of British cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033628"}
{"pmid": "1033617", "title": "The use of frozen blood in neonatal exchange transfusion.", "content": "The use of frozen blood in neonatal exchange transfusion. Because of inability to quickly locate donors to provide fresh heparinized blood, seven exchange transfusions were performed on four newborns with hemolytic disease due to Rhesus incompatibility using previously frozen erythrocytes suspended in albumin or heparinized, decitrated fresh frozen plasma. Platellets were added to one unit of previously frozen erythrocytes because of severe thrombocytopenia in one patient following an earlier exchange transfusion. The hematologic and bilirubin removing responses were comparable to those seen with fresh heparinized whole blood. Using this method, the safest red blood cells available, namely the mother's, can be drawn and frozen early in gestation for subsequent exchange transfusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033617"}
{"pmid": "1033641", "title": "[World health statistics report].", "content": "[World health statistics report].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033641"}
{"pmid": "1033644", "title": "Microfilaments in Naegleria fowleri amoebae.", "content": "Microfilaments in Naegleria fowleri amoebae. Examination by electron microscopy has revealed 2 types of microfilament in the cytoplasm of 3 strains of axenically grown Naegleria fowleri amoebae. Thin, actin-like microfilaments 5-7 nm in diameter are randomly oriented in the nonmotile amoebae, and are concentrated near the plasma membrane. In the actively motile amoebae these microfilaments aggregate to form colateral bundles in close proximity to the plasma membrane. Thick, myosin-like microfilaments 17-19 nm in diameter also occur in the amoebae cytoplasm. The significance of these 2 kinds of microfilament in amoeboid motion is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033644"}
{"pmid": "1033652", "title": "Influence of x-rays on diurnal viration in 131I uptake by guinea pig thyroid.", "content": "Influence of x-rays on diurnal viration in 131I uptake by guinea pig thyroid. The 131I uptake by guinea pig thyroid is subject to distinct diurnal variation. In control males, peak values occurred at 12 h, and minima at 24 h. In control females, peak values were also at 12 h, but minima at 6 h. In guinea pigs irradiated with 500 R of X-rays, a rise in 131I uptake began 1 h after termination of irradiation in both sexes and at all intervals, but maximum and minimum values were at the same time as in controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033652"}
{"pmid": "1033657", "title": "Latent vaginal choriocarcinoma in a postmenopausal woman.", "content": "Latent vaginal choriocarcinoma in a postmenopausal woman. A 50-year-old Japanese female with choriocarcinoma showed three unusual features: the primary tumor developed in the vagina ectopically without uterine lesion; the first symptoms of atypical vaginal bleeding and coughing occurred 23 years after the last pregnancy; and the tumor appeared during postmenopause. The possible mechanisms for the ectopic location and latency are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033657"}
{"pmid": "1033658", "title": "Intracellular cysts in gastric carcinoma.", "content": "Intracellular cysts in gastric carcinoma. Intracellular cysts were often found in the tumour cells in gastric carcinomas of intestinal as well as diffuse type in specimens from stomachs resected for gastric cancer. In the light microscope, the cysts appeared usually as solitary cytoplasmic vacuoles. In the electron microscope, the intracellular cysts were seen as round cavities, often containing homogenous or granular mucous material which stained with the periodic acid-silver methenamine (PASM)-method. Relatively long microvilli were lining the cysts and, not infrequently, abundant cytoplasmic microfilaments would surround the cyst wall. Similar cysts have been observed in a number of other tumours and, accordingly, their diagnostic significance must be considered in connection with other methods such as differential staining of cellular mucosubstances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033658"}
{"pmid": "1033659", "title": "Precipitins in Liberian sera reacting with goat and sheep sera.", "content": "Precipitins in Liberian sera reacting with goat and sheep sera. Precipitins in nine sera from normal Liberian adults were shown to react with an alpha-globulin in goat and sheep sera. No cross-reaction was demonstrated with bovine sera. Hence these precipitins are different to others previously described. At present their significance, if any, is unknown. They are important as a possible cause of unexplained reactions in serological tests using sheep or goat serum as a source of antigen or antibody.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033659"}
{"pmid": "1033660", "title": "Biosynthesis of cephalosporins.", "content": "Biosynthesis of cephalosporins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033660"}
{"pmid": "1033661", "title": "Novel transformations of prostaglandin endoperoxides: formation of thromboxanes.", "content": "Novel transformations of prostaglandin endoperoxides: formation of thromboxanes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033661"}
{"pmid": "1033662", "title": "Prostaglandin biosynthesis: consequences of oxygenase mechanism upon in vitro assays of drug effectiveness.", "content": "Prostaglandin biosynthesis: consequences of oxygenase mechanism upon in vitro assays of drug effectiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033662"}
{"pmid": "1033663", "title": "Reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation--is it really necessary?", "content": "Reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation--is it really necessary? The thesis that medical radiation exposures to the general population in the United States are excessive and that urgent steps need to be taken to reduce them is examined. At the present time, no evidence is found that deleterious effects result from radiation exposures at the level of a few rads or less. Nevertheless it is prudent that we assume the possibility of harmful effects of radiation exposure. However, because medical radiology is clearly so beneficial, and the harmful effects are problematical, it is doubtful whether the public should be alarmed by the suggestion of any crisis. A balancing of risks and benefits in the medical uses of radiology supports this latter contention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033663"}
{"pmid": "1033664", "title": "The fate of folate polyglutamates in meat during storage and processing.", "content": "The fate of folate polyglutamates in meat during storage and processing. The rate of hydrolysis of chicken liver folate polyglutamates, by endogenous liver conjugases, under various conditions of storage, heat, and tissue disruption, were investigated. The procedure used was to allow a radioactive tracer dose of the vitamin to equilibrate into the folate polyglutamyl pool. After various storage periods and treatments the polyglutamyl state of the folate present was examined by analytical techniques based on oxidative degradation of native folate polyglutamates to the corresponding p-aminobenzoylpolyglutamate followed by chromatographic separation on DEAE cellulose anion exchange resin. Identification of folate polyglutamates present was made by simultaneous elution of known p-aminobenzoylpolyglutamate markers. In an intact tissue sample only slight degradation was found after 48 hr at 4 C; complete degradation of folate polyglutamates taking 120 hr. Samples of homogenized tissue show complete degradation to folate monoglutamates and a small amount of diglutamate after 48 hr storage. Superimposed on the above is the consideration that if at any time prior to or during storage the liver is heated to greater than 100 C irreversible inactivation of the endogenous conjugases takes place and the folate polyglutamate pattern is stabilized. It was also demonstrated that during two different heating procedures no extra deconjugation occurred.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033664"}
{"pmid": "1033665", "title": "ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn, without hyperbilirubinemia.", "content": "ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn, without hyperbilirubinemia. ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn without hyperbilirubinemia is described in 17 full-term infants. The erythrocyte characteristics, such as reticulocytosis, microspherocytosis, and positive indirect antiglobulin (Coomb's) test, resembled those in ABO disease with hyperbilirubinemia. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced in this group to the same degree as in the more severely affected infants. Negro infants predominated over white, in a 2.5:1 ratio in this mild ABO group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033665"}
{"pmid": "1033666", "title": "Obstetrician-gynecologists are primary physicians to women.", "content": "Obstetrician-gynecologists are primary physicians to women. Our studies of the practice patterns of Michigan obstetrician-gynecologists indicate that they serve in a dual capacity: that of primary physicians to women and that of specialist obstetrician-gynecologists. They provide a considerable amount of general medical care for their own patients in the former role, and traditional specialist services for their own patients and for those referred by other physicians in the latter. The objectives and educational content of most house officer training programs do not reflect these changes. Training is directed almost exclusively toward preparing residents for specialty practice and often does not offer them basic experience and permit them to develop basic skills in other disciplines, notably internal medicine nad psychiatry, which they will need to practice as parimary physicians to women. An educational program designed to prepare residents more broadly for what they will actually be doing in practice without compromising their training as specialists is described. 2 studies conducted in Michigan indicate obstetrician-gynecologists (OBs) function as primary physicians to women.  44 percent of a sample of 1008 patients had no physician other than their OB while 86 percent see only their OB for periodic medical examination.  Data from 420 active practitioners showed 87-93 percent (depending upon year of graduation from medical school) treated cancer of the ovary, an equally large number cancer of endometrium with decreasing numbers treating other gynecologic  conditions, down to 16 percent of those graduating before 1939 treating genetic problems.  (41 percent of those graduating 1959-1969.)  The larger percentages of younger doctors treating a wider variety of specialized problems, such as complicated infertility and end ocrine problems, reflects the wider exposure to these matters in  recent education.  However, almost all the doctors asked said training had not prepared them to handle sexual and marital counseling while 60 percent said they had not enough training in infertility and 30-40 percent wished they had more training in urology.  A broader residency program is detailed to give students more experience in primary care.  It is also suggested that community hospital programs do not do as good a job of preparing obstetrician-gynecologists.  Marginal programs should be closed and training concentrated and broadened to meet the needs of contemporary practice.  Discussion by others follows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033666"}
{"pmid": "1033667", "title": "The embryologic development of the human vagina.", "content": "The embryologic development of the human vagina. Our present understanding of the sequence and mechanisms of human genital organogenesis is reviewed. Current theories about the derivation of the vaginal epithelium are examined and tested against two anomalous circumstances, congenital androgen insensitivity and agenesis of the lower vagina, which are presented as examples demonstrating the respective participation of the urogenital sinus or of the Müllerian ducts alone in the developmental process. The abnormalities recently described in the vagina and cervix of girls exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES) correspond remarkably with those encountered in lower vaginal agenesis, particularly with regard to the presence of vaginal adenosis, the deficiency of glycogen in the squamous cells (squamous metaplasia), and the abnormal response of the squamous epithelium to Schiller's iodine test. It is concluded that the development of the human vagina is best explained by the theory which holds that the Müllerian ducts in fetal life extend caudally to the level of the future hymen. After fusion of these ducts, squamous cells arising in the epithelium of the urogenital sinus invade from below, advance, and replace completely the Müllerian mucosa up to the level of the external os of the cervical canal. The course of development of the human genital tract is undifferentiated up to the 9th week (32 mm).  At this time both Wolffian (mesonephric) and Mullerian (paramesonephric) ducts are present as symmetric paired structures.  These, together with the urogenital sinus and the metanephric ducts, provide the tissue sources for the internal genital and urinary apparatus, exclusive of the gonads and kidneys.  Configuration of the oviducts varies among species.  Most human anomalies may be represented in other species so that some authors consider them to be atavistic reversions.  The gonad of the developing male fetus plays a critical role in the formation of the genital tract.  It elaborates androgenic steroids and a polypeptide, a Mullerian inhibiting substance, which induced suppression and resorotion of the Mullerian ducts.  In the female the Mullerian ducts grow and develop into their adult morphology while the Wolffian ducts persist only as microscopic islands.  The development of the external genitals and secondary sex characteristics depends upon further exposure to androgenic or estrogenic hormone milieu.  a case is reported of an instance of congenital absence of the upper vagina.  At laparotomy normal sized uterus, tubes, and ovaries were found.  Further plastic surgery via the vagina corrected the condition.  15 years later (age 32) it was learned that she had been married and had 3 pregnancies.  The adenosis, areas of squamous metaplasia, and deformities of the cervix of girls exposed in utero to diethylestibestrol are examples of deranged development.  The shallow depth or absence of the vaginal canal of individuals with testicular feminization are also due to faulty development.  Both Mullerian tissue and that of the urogenital sinus origin normally participate in the development of the vagina.  In the normal adult the squamous cells that line the vagina contain abundant glycogen indicating urogenital origin.  Glycogen-deficient squamous cells and adenosis are thought to be of Mullerian origin.  In an accompanying discussion additional details of development are mentioned.  It was noted that 7 cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostatic utricle in males have been reported as resembling endometrial carcinoma.  The prostatic utricle is a homologue of the uterus and upper vagina and may be involved in similar deranged developments", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033667"}
{"pmid": "1033668", "title": "Management and outcome of pregnancies associated with the Copper T intrauterine contraceptive device.", "content": "Management and outcome of pregnancies associated with the Copper T intrauterine contraceptive device. The clinical outcome of 918 pregnancies in women who conceived while using one or another of four models of the Copper T intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) is presented. Elective abortion was chosen by 58 per cent of the women. The clinical management and course of 275 women who elected to allow their unplanned pregnancy to continue are described. The Copper T was either expelled or extracted during the pregnancy in 118 of the women, while the IUD remained in situ for the duration of the pregnancy in the remaining 157 patients. The incidence of spontaneous abortion more than doubled when the IUD remained in utero. The chance of a live birth being premature was four times greater when the IUD remained in situ than when it was removed. There were 27 ectopic pregnancies in this entire series, giving an incidence of 3.4 per cent. In addition, the data suggest, but do not prove, that there is an increased risk of having an ectopic pregnancy if the woman has worn the Copper T for more than two years. A benign fibroma of the vocal cord was the only congenital anomaly detected. These observations suggest that the incidence of developmental defects is not adversely affected by the presence of intrauterine copper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033668"}
{"pmid": "1033669", "title": "True hermaphroditism: an analytic review with a report of 3 new cases.", "content": "True hermaphroditism: an analytic review with a report of 3 new cases. Three new cases of true hermaphroditism are described: a 14-year-old patient with a testis on one side and an ovotestis on the other side and a 11-year-old patient as well as a 6-year-old patient both with an ovary on the one side and an ovotestis on the other side. Twenty-four cases, which were personally investigated, were previously reported. Therefore, this analytic review is based upon the author's experience of 27 cases as well as 340 cases reported in the world literature since 1899. The presenting symptoms and age of diagnosis are discussed. Apart from ambiguous genitals, the development of breasts in a patient reared as male is an important presenting symptom. The variations found regarding the external and internal genitals are described. An ovotestis is the most common gonad found in true hermaphroditism. Among 116 ovotestes available for analysis, 46 per cent are located in an ovarian position, 26 per cent in the labioscrotal fold, 24 per cent in the inguinal canal, and 4 per cent in the internal inguinal ring. Evidence of ovulation is found in 50 per cent of ovotestes. Spermatogenesis has not been observed in the testicular portion of an ovotestis. Spermatogenesis was present in only 12 per cent of testes found in true hermaphroditism. Dysgerminomas occur with a frequency of 1.3 per cent. A fallopian tube and a vas deferens were never found together next to an ovotestis. Cytogenetic findings are reported in 115 cases of true hermaphroditism, including the cases described in this paper. A 46,XX chromosomal complement is the most common finding, occurring in 57.4 per cent of cases. It is interesting that 42.6 per cent showed no evidence of a Y chromosome. With the use of the fluorescent technique in metaphase chromosomes as well as the Y chromatin body in interphase cells, no Y chromosome was detected in the three new cases reported here. The various possibilities for the development of testicular tissues in the absence of a Y chromosome are discussed. In the diagnosis of true hermaphroditism the palpation of an ovotestis with a soft testicular portion and a firm ovarian portion is stressed. As far as the treatment of true hermaphroditism is concerned, the external genitals should be changed according to the gender identity which usually correlates with the sex of rearing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033669"}
{"pmid": "1033670", "title": "The effects of dexamethasone on plasma free androgens during the normal menstrual cycle.", "content": "The effects of dexamethasone on plasma free androgens during the normal menstrual cycle. In order to evaluate the ovarian and adrenal contribution to peripheral plasma concentrations of total testosterone (TTe), indixes of the plasma concentrations of free testosterone (FTeI), free 17 beta-hydroxysteroid androgens (FHSI), and testosterone-binding globulin (TeBG) during the menstrual cycle, women were examined during three normal cycles and three other cycles under dexamethasone (0.5 mg., four times a day) suppression. All study cycles were apparently ovulatory. The mean TTe and FTeI during the midcycle period were significantly higher than during the early follicular (P less than 0.005) and the midluteal periods (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.001, respectively). During the menstrual cycles under dexamethasone suppression only the difference in TTe and FTeI between the midcycle (37 +/- 12.4 (S.D.) ng. per 100 ml. and 10.5 +/- 4.0 (S.D.), respectively) and the midluteal (26.0 +/- 10.1 (S.D.) ng. per 100 ml and 7.2 +/- 3.2 (S.D.), respectively) periods was significant statistically (P less than 0.05). No significant differences in the mean levels of FHSI and TeBG between three periods within the cycle were noted in either the control or the dexamethasone-treated cycle. When each phase was compared, the mean levels of TTe, FTel, and FSHI were significantly lower in the dexamethasone-treated cycles than in the normal cycles. The data suggest that the level of TeBG is not perceptibly affected by physiologic fluctuation of estrogen levels during the menstrual cycle, and the FHSI levels are stable throughout the ovulatory cycle. Decrease in levels of TTe, FTeI, and FHSI during dexamethasone suppression seems to be due to reduction of androgen production as TeBG, a major determinant of the metabolic clearance rate of androgens, was not affected by dexamethasone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033670"}
{"pmid": "1033671", "title": "Diagnosis of prolactin-secreting pituitary microadenoma.", "content": "Diagnosis of prolactin-secreting pituitary microadenoma. Four women with secondary amenorrhea associated with hyperprolactinemia were studied. Baseline hormonal evaluation, including serum FSH, serum LH, TSH, T3, T4, and plasma cortisols were normal. Plain sella turcia x-rays were also normal. Prolactin-secreting pituitary microadenomas were found in all of the patients only after further diagnostic studies were done. These studies included polytomography of the sella turcia, dynamic pituitary testing of growth hormone reserve, ACTH reserve, gonadotropin reserve, and prolactin suppression with L-dopa. The early diagnosis of a small prolactin-secreting adenoma may be possible if several diagnostic criteria are ulilized. The most sensitive techniques available are: (1) polytomography, (2) the magnitude of plasma prolactin evaluation, and (3) the failure of suppression of prolactin secretion with L-dopa. Our findings emphasize the importance of an extensive evaluation of all women with amenorrhea associated with hyperprolactinemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033671"}
{"pmid": "1033672", "title": "Techniques of argon laser photocoagulation of diabetic disk new vessels.", "content": "Techniques of argon laser photocoagulation of diabetic disk new vessels. Four argon laser techniques have been evaluated in the eradication of diabetic disk neovascularization: focal (nonfeeder) photocoagulation, feeder-frond photocoagulation alone, panretinal photocoagulation alone, and feeder-frond treatment combined with panretinal photocoagulation. Focal photocoagulation was dangerous and the least effective technique in preventing recurrence of neovascularization. Feeder-frond photocoagulation was effective initially, but was associated with a high incidence of recurrent neovascularization. Panretinal photocoagulation and panretinal photocoagulation combined with feeder-frond treatment produced results superior to those obtained with the two earlier techniques. The best results were obtained with combined feeder-frond and panretinal photocoagulation done concurrently. Early diagnosis, aggressive photocoagulation therapy, and close follow-up were essential in order to obtain good results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033672"}
{"pmid": "1033674", "title": "Eye movement patterns and reading performance in poor readers: immediate effects of convex lenses indicated by book retinoscopy.", "content": "Eye movement patterns and reading performance in poor readers: immediate effects of convex lenses indicated by book retinoscopy. Eye movement patterns and reading performance were evaluated in 38 4th and 5th grade male students who were at least 1 year behind in their reading levels. Half of the subjects (Group I) demonstrated a need for convex lenses at near by a book retinoscopy criterion. The remaining subjects (Group II) showed no need for convex lenses at near by the same criterion. The subject's eye movements during reading were recorded by a commercial device called Eye-Trac. These recordings were made with 2 lens applications, plano and +0.50 D, respectively. The number of fixations, regressions, rate of reading, and relative efficiency for each condition (plano and +0.50 D) were calculated. In Group I, 3 of 5 measures showed significant improvement with plus lenses. These subjects showed fewer regressions, increased reading speed, and higher relative efficiency with plus than without. In Group II, 3 of 5 measures showed decrement with plus lenses, while 1 (comprehension) showed improvement. These subjects showed more fixations and regressions and lower relative efficiency with plus than without. It is therefore concluded that convex lenses of low power can have considerable immediate effect on children's reading skills, sometimes helpful and sometimes detrimental, and that proper pretesting with both retinoscopy will aid in the prediction of this effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033674"}
{"pmid": "1033673", "title": "Night myopia: cause and a possible basis for amelioration.", "content": "Night myopia: cause and a possible basis for amelioration. The relationship between night myopia under simulated night driving conditions and the dark focus accomodation was examined. Over a range of luminance and contrast conditions typical of the night driving situation, college-age subjects accommodated to about one-half the difference between a distant simulated road sign and their individual dark focus. Subsequent laboratory and field experiments demonstrated that: (1) a negative correction equal to one-half the value of the dark focus significantly improved night visual performance as compared with their normal or full dark-focus correction, and (2) greater improvements in performance were obtained for subjects who exhibited a relatively near dark focus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033673"}
{"pmid": "1033685", "title": "A simple method for studying steroid--antibody interaction under conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium.", "content": "A simple method for studying steroid--antibody interaction under conditions of thermodynamic equilibrium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033685"}
{"pmid": "1033686", "title": "Fractionation of RNA polymerase subspecies from soybean hypocotyls by isoelectric focusing in sephadex.", "content": "Fractionation of RNA polymerase subspecies from soybean hypocotyls by isoelectric focusing in sephadex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033686"}
{"pmid": "1033687", "title": "Characterization of steroid-binding macromolecules in small biological samples by a rapid minigel filtration method.", "content": "Characterization of steroid-binding macromolecules in small biological samples by a rapid minigel filtration method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033687"}
{"pmid": "1033688", "title": "Cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometric determination of nanogram amounts of organic mercury in sediments or aquatic organisms.", "content": "Cold-vapor atomic absorption spectrometric determination of nanogram amounts of organic mercury in sediments or aquatic organisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033688"}
{"pmid": "1033689", "title": "Arterial and venous plasma levels of bupivacaine following peripheral nerve blocks.", "content": "Arterial and venous plasma levels of bupivacaine following peripheral nerve blocks. Mean arterial plasma (MAP) and peripheral mean venous plasma (MVP) levels of bupivacaine were ascertained in 3 groups of 10 patients each for: (1) intercostal nerve block, 400 mg; (2) block of the sciatic, femoral, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves, with or without block of the obturator nerve, 400 mg; and (3) supraclavicular brachial plexus block, 300 mg. MAP levels were consistently higher than simultaneously sampled MVP levels, the highest levels occurring from bilateral intercostal nerve block. No evidence of systemic toxicity was observed. The results suggest that bupivacaine has a much wider margin of safety in humans than is now stated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033689"}
{"pmid": "1033692", "title": "The effects of stellate ganglion block on the idiopathic prolongation of the Q-T interval with cardiac arrhythmia (the Romano-Ward syndrome).", "content": "The effects of stellate ganglion block on the idiopathic prolongation of the Q-T interval with cardiac arrhythmia (the Romano-Ward syndrome). The association of a prolonged Q-T interval, congenital deafness, and syncopal attacks due to ventricular fibrillation following emotional or physical stress is known as the Jervell-Lange-Nielsen syndrome. Absence of the congenital deafness characterizes the otherwise identical Romano-Ward syndrome. Both conditions have a high mortality rate and are recognized as contributing to sudden death in children. Although the pathogenetic factors are not yet completely elucidated, the condition is well enough understood to permit effective treatment. The authors performed a left stellate ganglion block in a 12-year-old girl with a mild form of the Romano-Ward syndrome, shortening the Q-T interval and eliminating the ventricular tachyarrhythmia. The left stellete ganglion block should be considered by anesthesiologists as an emergency measure, effective in interrupting the attack.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033692"}
{"pmid": "1033690", "title": "Ketamine and intraocular pressure in children.", "content": "Ketamine and intraocular pressure in children. The effect of ketamine on intraocular pressure (IOP) was studied in 10 children. Control IOP values were determined prior to induction of anesthesia, following premedication with atropine alone or in combination with pentobarbital and meperidine. After the IM injection of 8 mg/kg of ketamine, the IOP was determined at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Mean (+/- SD) IOP values before and after ketamine were 22.2 +/- 4.8 and 16.7 +/- 3.3 torr (p less than 0.001), respectively. The authors believe that the reduction in IOP was not due to ketamine, per se, but rather to lack of patient relaxation and cooperation during control measurements. At the end of 20 minutes, a second dose of ketamine, this time 1 mg/kg IV, was given and measurements were repeated at the same intervals. In 5 patients, the effects on IOP of d-tubocurarine, endotracheal intubation, and N2O inhalation also was evaluated. A significant increase (6.7 torr) in IOP was observed only after endotracheal intubation. The authors conclude that ketamine does not raise IOP in the healthy pediatric patient and, therefore, can be used for ophthalmic procedures requiring sedation or anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033690"}
{"pmid": "1033693", "title": "The development of an acute tolerance to ketamine.", "content": "The development of an acute tolerance to ketamine. A rapidly developing tolerance to the hypnotic effect of ketamine in rats and mice has been investigated. On the basis of plasma and brain concentrations of ketamine at the time the animals wakened, it seemed likely that a central nervous system tolerance to the drug explained the shortened sleeping times noted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033693"}
{"pmid": "1033691", "title": "Anesthesia and the modification of response to infection in mice.", "content": "Anesthesia and the modification of response to infection in mice. Anesthetic-induced immunosuppression, if clinically significant, could modify the natural course of infectious disease in vivo. To test this bypothesis, the localized response to IM Candida albicans and the mortality following fecal peritonitis were examined in anesthetized mice. Using these 2 models, halothane anesthesia was found not to modify the natural history of local sepsis but to significantly accentuate the mortality associated with the more severe infection. Possible explanations for these results include significant inhibition of reticuloendothelial function or plasma opsonization with relatively minor derangements of peripheral leukocyte capability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033691"}
{"pmid": "1033697", "title": "Unexpected hepatic dysfunction found by multiple laboratory screening.", "content": "Unexpected hepatic dysfunction found by multiple laboratory screening. During a 1-year period, 7620 elective surgical admissions were given multiple laboratory screening (SMA-18) determinations. Of these, 11 healthy patients, aged 10 to 54, with a pretest classification of ASA 1 (no systemic disease) were found to have clearly abnormal elevations of the SGOT, SGPT, and LDH levels. The proposed elective surgical procedures and anesthesia were canceled. All 11 patients proved to have overt liver pathology by further testing, and 3 later became clinically jaundiced. No cases of unexplained postsurgical jaundice occurred in any of the other 7609 operated cases during the 1-year study. The incidence of clearly elevated enzyme levels in voluntary hospital surgical admissions is approximately 1/700 and the incidence of clinical jaundice is approximately 1/2540. There appears to be a seasonal variation, with the preponderance of elevated enzyme levels in the winter and spring months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033697"}
{"pmid": "1033694", "title": "Isoenzymes of creatine phosphokinase in serum of families with malignant hyperpyrexia.", "content": "Isoenzymes of creatine phosphokinase in serum of families with malignant hyperpyrexia. The activity and isoenzymes of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in the serum of 2 women vulnerable to malignant hyperpyrexia were studied. Serum CPK activity was markedly elevated but, in contrast to a previous report, only skeletal-muscle type CPK activity was present.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033694"}
{"pmid": "1033695", "title": "Naloxone antagonism after narcotic-supplemented anesthesia.", "content": "Naloxone antagonism after narcotic-supplemented anesthesia. Narcotic-supplemented balanced anesthesia is increasing in popularity; however, the narcotic must frequently be antagonized postoperatively. Authorities differ in their recommendations as to dose and as to mode and duration of administration of the narcotic antagonist. In the present study of 58 patients undergoing narcotic-supplemented anesthesia, 60 percent of 42 fentanyl patients and 81 percent of 16 morphine patients required postsurgical naloxone for respiratory inadequacy. Naloxone dosage was initially 1.5 mug/kg IV, with repeat IV doses of 1.5 mug/kg, when needed, at 3-minute intervals, until a regular respiratory rate greater than 15 breaths/min was attained. None of the fentanyl patients and only 25 percent (4/16) of the morphine patients required additional naloxone in the recovery room. For the latter, the dose of naloxone previously administered was given IM and proved satisfactory. Additional analgesia was needed by 12 percent (7/58) of the patients during the recovery room stay. Judicious naloxone titration permitted respiratory adequacy to coexist with analgesia after narcotic-supplemented anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033695"}
{"pmid": "1033696", "title": "Enflurane as a primary anesthetic agent for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.", "content": "Enflurane as a primary anesthetic agent for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For years, halothane has been the anesthetic agent of choice for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and reversible airway disease (asthma). Enflurane was compared with halothane in 100 patients with COPD substantiated by spirometry and history. Intraoperative and postoperative complications in each relatively homogenous 50-patient group were assessed. Spirometry, blood gases, chest x-rays, incidence of complications involving secretions, coughing, wheezing, and cardiovascular problems were similar in both groups. Enflurane appears to be equivalent to halothane as an anesthetic in such patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033696"}
{"pmid": "1033698", "title": "Postpartum hypertension and convulsion after oxytocic drugs.", "content": "Postpartum hypertension and convulsion after oxytocic drugs. An 18-year-old primipara developed acute hypertension leading to cerebral edema and convulsions following the IV injection of a bolus of 10 units of oxytocin with 0.2 mg methylergonovine maleate. Oxytocin in a dose of more than 2 units should not be administered IV in a single injection, as severe hypotension may result. If oxytocin is required, it can be injected either IM, or by IV pump or drip. The use of ergot in obstetrics should be limited to the treatment of life-threatening postpartum hemorrhage and be given only by the IM route. Ergot should not be administered to patients with cardiac, renal, or hypertensive disease, or in association with a vasoconstrictor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033698"}
{"pmid": "1033699", "title": "A simple technic to minimize tracheal aspiration.", "content": "A simple technic to minimize tracheal aspiration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033699"}
{"pmid": "1033700", "title": "The anesthetic potency of lidocaine in the rat.", "content": "The anesthetic potency of lidocaine in the rat. The anesthetic effect of lidocaine was evaluated in rats by determining the change in anesthetic requirement of cyclopropane MAC that was produced by blood concentrations of lidocaine in the clinically useful range. A linear reduction in anesthetic requirement was produced with concentrations up to 1 mug/ml. Further increases in lidocaine up to 5.5 mug/ml resulted in no further decrease in cyclopropane requirement. Lidocaine was found to contribute a maximum MAC fraction of 0.4.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033700"}
{"pmid": "1033702", "title": "Local anesthetic agents--pharmacologic basis for use in obstetrics: a review.", "content": "Local anesthetic agents--pharmacologic basis for use in obstetrics: a review. Because of the minimal effects on mother and fetus, regional anesthetic technics are widely employed for labor and delivery. However, the literature describes at least 35 fetal and neonatal deaths and a frightening incidence of fetal distress associated with paracervical block for 1st-stage labor. Continuous lumbar epidural anesthesia for 1st-stage labor has also been associated with fetal distress, but this is minimal and no deaths have been reported. Bupivacaine, a relatively new, long-lasting local anesthetic, is extemely toxic when administered paracervically, but no deaths have been reported with its use for epidural anesthesia. While choice of method and agent must be individualized, continuous lumbar epidural block with bupivacaine appears as effective as and less often dangerous to the fetus than paracervical block.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033702"}
{"pmid": "1033701", "title": "Early reversal of postoperative hypoxemia.", "content": "Early reversal of postoperative hypoxemia. Peridural analgesia was combined with the respiratory-stimulant effect of doxapram for intermittent hyperinflation of the lungs to reverse early postoperative (PO) hypoxemia following inhalation anesthesia for upper abdominal operations. Twenty unpremedicated men undergoing upper abdominal operations were studied for 5 hours in the recovery room. Ten of these patients received doxapram plus peridural analgesia; the other 10, doxapram plus morphine analgesia. Rectal temperature, PaO2, PaCO2, respiratory rate, exhaled minute ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), and blood pressure and pulse were measured. The mean increase from control for VE was 9.6 L/min and for VT, 356 ml/breath during doxapram therapy for the morphine group. Corresponding values for the peridural group were 14.4 L/min for VE and 660 ml/breath for VT. Mean PaO2 for the morphine group decreased significantly from the corresponding preoperative value (p less than 0.005). Lack of significant change between preoperative and PO values for PaO2 for the peridural group would indicate that under the conditions of this study, early PO hypoxemia can be reversed by the combination of peridural analgesia with doxapram therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033701"}
{"pmid": "1033706", "title": "Crdiovascular effects of lidocaine during acid-base imbalance.", "content": "Crdiovascular effects of lidocaine during acid-base imbalance. Although lidocaine HCl is often given to critically ill patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias, it use is not without hazard. To investigate whether acid-base disturbances and their subsequent effects on molecular ioization influence cardiovascular (CV) response to lidocaine, dogs in normal acid-base balance, metabolic acidosis, respiratory acidosis, and respiratory alkalosis were given 2 or 4 mg/kg lidocaine IV. Heart rate (HR), PR and QT intervals, MAP, LVEDP, LV dp/dt, and LV dp/dt divided by CPIP were measured at intervals. In all groups a slight increase in mean HR occurred after 2 mg/kg. Generally, myocardial contractile force was depressed in direct proportion to dose. Essentially, the CV response to lidocaine was not altered by any clinically remarkable degree by pH disturbances. Responses differing from those observed during normal acid-base conditions could not be significantly correlated with changes in pH or PaCO2. Results suggest that, in the intact animal, the CV effects of lidocaine, administered in therapeutic doses, are not appreciably influenced by clinically encountered states of acid-base imbalance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033706"}
{"pmid": "1033704", "title": "Statistical pearls. III. The most likely interpretation.", "content": "Statistical pearls. III. The most likely interpretation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033704"}
{"pmid": "1033705", "title": "Uptake and excretion of 1-bromo-1,2,2-Trifluorocyclobutane (42M-9) in man: comparative study on pharmacokinetics and metabolism of inhalation anesthetics.", "content": "Uptake and excretion of 1-bromo-1,2,2-Trifluorocyclobutane (42M-9) in man: comparative study on pharmacokinetics and metabolism of inhalation anesthetics. 1-bromo-1,2,2-trifluorocyclobutane (42M-9) has physical properties similar to those of methoxyflurane and has been suggested for use as an anesthetic agent. Its MAC value, predicted from its lipid solubility, is 0.26 percent. No clinically significant changes were observed in cardiovascular or respiratory function or in clinical laboratory tests. Ventricular dysrhythmias were not seen in this study at analgesic concentrations in contrast to those reported at anesthetic concentrations by others. Pulmonary uptake was high and wash-out was slow. The total amount exhaled comprised 60 percent of the dose. Fluorine, equivalent to 11 percent of total uptake, was rapidly excreted in urine as nonvolatile fluorinated metabolites. An additional 9 percent of 42M-9 was degraded to fluroide and excreted in urine. Since an amount of fluoride equivalent to that excreted in the urine tends to be deposited in the skeleton, approximately 29 percent of uptake may possibly be accounted for as metabolites. Based on fluorine recovery, the fate of 11 percent of 42M-9 uptake remains unknown. The kinetics of uptake, metabolism and excretion of 42M-9 did not differ significantly over a five-fold change of inspired concentration. A comparison of the pulmonary clearance of unaltered 42M-9 and the fraction of uptake converted to urinary metabolites or unrecovered with those of other volatile halogenated anesthetics and their physical properties supports the conclusion that 42M-9 is relatively resistant to biotransformation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033705"}
{"pmid": "1033708", "title": "Difficult extubation of an endotracheal tube cuff.", "content": "Difficult extubation of an endotracheal tube cuff.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033708"}
{"pmid": "1033709", "title": "Decreased arterial oxygenation during sodium nitoprusside administration for intraoperative hypertension.", "content": "Decreased arterial oxygenation during sodium nitoprusside administration for intraoperative hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033709"}
{"pmid": "1033721", "title": "Uredofos: anthelmintic activity against nematodes and cestodes in dogs with naturally occurring infections.", "content": "Uredofos: anthelmintic activity against nematodes and cestodes in dogs with naturally occurring infections. A new broad-spectrum anthelmintic, uredofos, was tested in 146 dogs by single and multiple oral dosing. Single doses of 100 and 50 (but not 25) mg/kg were totally effective in removing Dipylidium caninum and Taenia spp from 46 dogs with infections of tapeworms. Among groups of 15 to 20 dogs, the average percentage efficacies against Toxocara canis for single soese of 100, 50, and 25 mg/kg were 98, 96, and 81%, respectively. The average percentage of efficacies against hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) were greater than 96% in dogs treated with single doses of 100, 50, or 25 mg/kg and were 100% in the 35 dogs given 2 or 3 treatments (24-hour intervals) at dose levels of either 25 or 50 mg/kg. The whipworm, Trichuris vulpis, was not efficaciously eliminated by single doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg (av percentage of efficacies of 30, 35, and 71%, respectively). Efficacy against T vulpis markedly improved when 2 doses were given at a 24-hour interval (av percentage of efficacies were 89% at dose level of 25 mg/kg and 99% at dose level of 50 mg/kg). At either dose (25 or 50 mg/kg), 3 daily treatments were no more efficacious against whipworms than were 2 doses. There was no evidence of drug toxicosis in any dogs tested. It was concluded that uredofos is highly effective against canine tapeworms, ascarids, and hookworms when given as a single dose of 50 mg/kg and against whipworm when given at dose level of 50 mg/kg/day for 2 days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033721"}
{"pmid": "1033710", "title": "A method for inserting the Carden tube.", "content": "A method for inserting the Carden tube.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033710"}
{"pmid": "1033722", "title": "Comparative effects of uredofos, niclosamide, and bunamidine hydrochloride against tapeworm infections in dogs.", "content": "Comparative effects of uredofos, niclosamide, and bunamidine hydrochloride against tapeworm infections in dogs. A single dose of a new broad-spectrum anthelmintic, uredofos, was more effective than single doses of either bunamidine hydrochloride (HCI) or niclosamide in removing natural infections of Dipylidium coninum from pound dogs, as determined by necropsy examination for scolices. The efficacy of uredofos was equal to that of bunamidine HCI and exceeded that of niclosamide in removing Taenia spp from his host. All of 12 dogs harboring D caninum and all of 5 dogs harboring Taenia spp were completely cleared of tapeworm infection following treatment with uredofos at 50 mg/kg of body weight. Bunamidine HCl cleared 9 of 11 dogs (82%) of D caninum and 5 of 5 dogs of Taenia spp. Niclosamide had the least anticestodal activity of the 3 drugs; 2 or more scolices of D caninum were found at necropsy in each of 12 dogs treated with this drug. Four of 5 dogs were cleared of Taenia spp following niclosamide therapy. Untreated control dogs did not shed tapeworms of either species during a 3-day period of posttreatment fecal collections, but did have tapeworms at the time of necropsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033722"}
{"pmid": "1033723", "title": "Use of bovine arterial heterografts in lower extremity arterial reconstruction.", "content": "Use of bovine arterial heterografts in lower extremity arterial reconstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033723"}
{"pmid": "1033703", "title": "Obstetric anesthesia training centers in the U.S.A.--1975.", "content": "Obstetric anesthesia training centers in the U.S.A.--1975. The current status of obstetric anesthesia training in the United States is reviewed. The 39 anesthesia residency training programs having full time chiefs of obstetric anesthesia were surveyed regarding clinical practice, physical facilities, teaching and research. This paper reports the results and compares them to recommendations of JCAH, ACOG and ASA, concerning standards of patient care and resident teaching.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033703"}
{"pmid": "1033725", "title": "Myocardial infarction in men in the third decade of life.", "content": "Myocardial infarction in men in the third decade of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033725"}
{"pmid": "1033712", "title": "Acute maxillary sinusitis complicating nasotracheal intubation: a case report.", "content": "Acute maxillary sinusitis complicating nasotracheal intubation: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033712"}
{"pmid": "1033713", "title": "Supine hypotensive syndrome caused by intra-abdominal mass: a case report.", "content": "Supine hypotensive syndrome caused by intra-abdominal mass: a case report. An obese woman who presented with 3 separate intra-abdominal masses developed a supine hypotensive syndrome following induction of general anesthesia. The hypotension was corrected by positioning the patient in a left lateral tilt and by releasing intra-abdominal pressure. Following decompression of the vena cava, arterial and central venous pressure rose and remained at a high level. Urine output was poor until IV furosemide was administered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033713"}
{"pmid": "1033707", "title": "Case history number 93: congenital lobar emphysema.", "content": "Case history number 93: congenital lobar emphysema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033707"}
{"pmid": "1033711", "title": "Comparison of Dot test and digit-symbol test for street fitness of outpatients.", "content": "Comparison of Dot test and digit-symbol test for street fitness of outpatients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033711"}
{"pmid": "1033727", "title": "Experimental cleavage of chorioretinal scars by traction and subretinal fluid.", "content": "Experimental cleavage of chorioretinal scars by traction and subretinal fluid. The resistance to separation by localized traction and exudative retinal detachment of experimental chorioretinal scars produced with argon laser photocoagulation, cryothermy and diathermy was tested in rabbits. In vivo, the area of retinal separation over the scar was similar to that obtained by traction on normal retina. Moreover, the retinal cleavage occurred at the level of the scar regardless of the scar inducing modality, indicating that the scar is the weakest point in the retina-pigment epithelium joint. However, spaced and dense chorioretinal scars produced by argon laser photocoagulation, diathermy and cryothermy usually remained attached after experimental production of exudative retinal detachments with penicillin G intravitreal injections. This study indicates that the resistance to detachment of the normal retina by traction may be as strong as that of the scarred tissue and that the chorioretinal scars' effect is related to lesser fluid penetration into the treated area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033727"}
{"pmid": "1033717", "title": "What route of administration for K+ solutions.", "content": "What route of administration for K+ solutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033717"}
{"pmid": "1033714", "title": "Accuracy, brevity, clarity: three principles of good medical writing.", "content": "Accuracy, brevity, clarity: three principles of good medical writing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033714"}
{"pmid": "1033716", "title": "Write to inform, not to impress.", "content": "Write to inform, not to impress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033716"}
{"pmid": "1033729", "title": "Timing of fertilization and sex ratio of offspring--a review.", "content": "Timing of fertilization and sex ratio of offspring--a review. Evidence is reviewed for the hypothesis that there is a causal connection between the time of fertilization within the menstrual cycle and the sex of the resulting zygote.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033729"}
{"pmid": "1033728", "title": "Determination of bilirubin in amniotic fluid: a comparison of some current methods.", "content": "Determination of bilirubin in amniotic fluid: a comparison of some current methods. Three methods for the estimation of bilirubin in amniotic fluid are compared. The within-batch precision and recovery of bilirubin by each method has been studied, and the effects of the presence of haemoglobin, methaemoglobin, and methaemalbumin in varying concentrations have been investigated. Measurements on amniotic fluid from patients with rhesus isioimmunization have also been compared and regression equations calculated. The results of the three methods agree reasonably well so long as no haemoglobin degradation products are present. It is suggested that in the presence of these products a method involving organic solvent extraction of bilirubin gives the most accurate result.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033728"}
{"pmid": "1033720", "title": "Informed consent suit against anesthesiologist.", "content": "Informed consent suit against anesthesiologist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033720"}
{"pmid": "1033715", "title": "Use of monitor for ketamine in radiotherapy.", "content": "Use of monitor for ketamine in radiotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033715"}
{"pmid": "1033718", "title": "How do benefits of hemodilution balance O2 reduction.", "content": "How do benefits of hemodilution balance O2 reduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033718"}
{"pmid": "1033732", "title": "Active site studies of human thrombin and bovine trypsin: peptide substrates.", "content": "Active site studies of human thrombin and bovine trypsin: peptide substrates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033732"}
{"pmid": "1033719", "title": "Effect of PaCO2 on O2 consumption during cardiopulmonary bypass.", "content": "Effect of PaCO2 on O2 consumption during cardiopulmonary bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033719"}
{"pmid": "1033734", "title": "Factors regulating tapeworm populations: dispersion of eggs of Taenia hydatigena on pasture.", "content": "Factors regulating tapeworm populations: dispersion of eggs of Taenia hydatigena on pasture. A dog with four patent Taenia hydatigena was placed at a fixed site on a pasture for 50 days. The spread of the eggs was determined by grazing lambs for 10 days on various plots, and counting the cysts present at autopsy. Some 'wild' eggs were detected on the pasture before the dog was introduced. Nevertheless, a marked divergence from randomness was detected in the cyst counts of lambs grazed within 80 metres of the kennel but not beyond from 10-20 and 40-50 days after the dog had been introduced. The main egg clusters remained within a radius of 25 metres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033734"}
{"pmid": "1033733", "title": "Outcome of very severe birth asphyxia.", "content": "Outcome of very severe birth asphyxia. The aim of this study was to establish the outcome of very severe birth asphyxia in a group of babies intensively resuscitated at birth. 48 infants, born between 1966 and 1971 inclusive, were selected; 15 were apparently stillborn and 33 had not established spontaneous respirations by 20 minutes after birth. One-half of them died, but 3 to 7 years later three-quarters of the survivors are apparently normal. Later handicap was associated with factors leading to prolonged partial intrapartum asphyxia, while acute periods of more complete asphyxia were not necessarily harmful.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033733"}
{"pmid": "1033735", "title": "Changes in diurnal temperature and feeding patterns of rats during repeated injections of heroin and withdrawal.", "content": "Changes in diurnal temperature and feeding patterns of rats during repeated injections of heroin and withdrawal. Rectral temperatures and feeding activity were measured in adult male rats every 30 min for 4 hr, then every 4 hr following daily s.c. injections at 08:00 or 20:00hr or saline or heroin. Initial heroin injections disrupted diurnal temperature and feeding rhythms: 5 mg/kg heroin HCl induced hyperthermia and abolished feeding for 2 hr; 20 mg/kg led to hypothermia, then hyperthermia and abolished feeding for 4 hr. By the 5th heroin day hyperthermia and increased feeding occurred in all groups with a shorter latency to onset. Total food intake was higher than on the 1st heroin day but the diurnal patterns remained disrupted. Changes in both diurnal rhythms again occurred on the 1st withdrawal day as hypothermia, sporadic feeding and hyper-irritability were observed. By the 5th withdrawal day diurnal temperature and feeding rhythms resembled those of the control period. Monitoring diurnal temperature and feeding patterns of rats reveals characteristic dose-related disruptions after heroin which are modified by repeated doses as tolerance develops and which eventually disappear on withdrawal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033735"}
{"pmid": "1033736", "title": "Time-course of apomorphine in the brain of the immature rat after apomorphine injection.", "content": "Time-course of apomorphine in the brain of the immature rat after apomorphine injection. The time-course of apomorphine in brain was studied in 7-day-old and young adult rats following i.p. injection of 10 mg/kg apomorphine. In the adult animals continuous stereotypes behaviour (SB) commenced within 1-2 min and was no longer present at 75 min. The peak concentration of apomorphine was present at 5 min and then declined exponentially (half-life = 10.5 min); only trace amounts (less than 0.01 mug/g) were present at 90 min. In the immature rat apomorphine induced an initial phase of intermittent locomotion lasting about 10 min after which the rats appeared sedated; 60-80 min after injection intermittent SB emerged and terminated 150-180 min after the apomorphine injection. The peak brain concentration of apomorphine was present at 10 min and then declined exponentially (half-life = 28 min). Significant amounts of apomorphine were still present in brain at 150 min and trace amounts evident at 180 min. The reason for the delayed onset of SB in the immature rat is unclear. The longer half-life is presumably related to incomplete development of enzyme systems metabolizing apomorphine in the immature animal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033736"}
{"pmid": "1033737", "title": "Ultrastructural alterations of the nerve cell bodies in the dog superior cervical ganglion, following surgical destruction of the hypothalamus.", "content": "Ultrastructural alterations of the nerve cell bodies in the dog superior cervical ganglion, following surgical destruction of the hypothalamus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033737"}
{"pmid": "1033738", "title": "Comparative study on vagotomy procedures in relation to biliary composition.", "content": "Comparative study on vagotomy procedures in relation to biliary composition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033738"}
{"pmid": "1033739", "title": "Cancer immunotherapy with BCG for patients with stomach cancers.", "content": "Cancer immunotherapy with BCG for patients with stomach cancers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033739"}
{"pmid": "1033742", "title": "Treatment of shunt infection: conversion of external ventricular drainage to gastric shunt for persistent ventriculitis.", "content": "Treatment of shunt infection: conversion of external ventricular drainage to gastric shunt for persistent ventriculitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033742"}
{"pmid": "1033743", "title": "Successful ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus in a 1,710-gram premature baby with RDS, and the review of the literature.", "content": "Successful ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus in a 1,710-gram premature baby with RDS, and the review of the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033743"}
{"pmid": "1033748", "title": "Twin studies of affective illness.", "content": "Twin studies of affective illness. In a summary of the major twin studies of affective illness, there are significant differences between monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) concordance rates for both unipolar and bipolar illness, indicating the importance of genetic factors in the etiology of affective illness. However, since 28% of MZ twins are discordant for bipolar illness and 60% of MZ twins are discordant for unipolar illness, environmental factors are important as well. In addition, there is a significant difference between unipolar and bipolar concordance for MZ twins (although not for DZ twins). This supports other evidence that unipolar and bipolar illness are separate entities, and it suggests the possibility that genetic factors are more important in the occurrence of bipolar illness than in unipolar illness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033748"}
{"pmid": "1033749", "title": "Chronic alcoholism and the pancreas.", "content": "Chronic alcoholism and the pancreas. In rats given 15% solution of ethyl alcohol (v/v) instead of drinking water adlibitum for eight months, histochemical analysis showed a dictinct fall in activities of the oxidative enzymes (succinate and lactate dehydrogenases, DPNH-diaphorase) in the centro-acinar cells of the pancreas and in the islets of Langerhans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033749"}
{"pmid": "1033750", "title": "The influence of cystamine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of thioridazine.", "content": "The influence of cystamine on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of thioridazine. A study on the influence of cystamine on the kinetics and dynamics of the action of thioridazine has been carried out. Higher levels of this drug in the blood and lower levels in the brain tissue than those in unpremedicated rats were determined. Half-life of thioridazine underwent shortening from 2-55 hr to 1-05 hr. Excretion of thioridazine with bile was not significantly affected by premedication with cystamine. beta-Glucuronidase activity, after an initial drop on the first day following premedication, increased to levels higher than the control values. The dynamics of the action of the thioridazine were little affected. The cataleptic action of thioridazine was enhanced on the first day after premedication with cystamine. Thioridazine depressed exploratory activity in rats more significantly only during the first three days after cystamine premedication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033750"}
{"pmid": "1033751", "title": "Varicose veins: facts and fantasy.", "content": "Varicose veins: facts and fantasy. The high prevalence of varicose veins in Western countries contrasts with their relative rarity in traditionally living communities in the Third World. Evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis that a major causative factor is the transmission of raised intra-abdominal pressures to the veins of the legs. One important cause of these pressures is the abdominal straining necessitated to evacuate small firm stools, which in turn are the result of fiber-depleted diets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033751"}
{"pmid": "1033752", "title": "Postoperative acalculous cholecystitis due to Torulopsis glabrata.", "content": "Postoperative acalculous cholecystitis due to Torulopsis glabrata. Acute acalculous cholecystitis due to Torulopis glabrata, an opportunistic yeast, developed postoperatively in a 70-year-old man who had an extremely complicated course after resection of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The infection first appeared as an acute surgical abdomen, three days after resumption of solid food intake subsequent to a prolonged ileus and after 31 days of parenteral hyperalimentation. The condition was successfully treated by cholecystostomy; at the time of writing, six months after cholecystostomy, there are no gastrointestinal symptoms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033752"}
{"pmid": "1033755", "title": "Plaque formation by African swine fever virus in chick embryo fibroblasts in the absence of CO2 atmosphere.", "content": "Plaque formation by African swine fever virus in chick embryo fibroblasts in the absence of CO2 atmosphere. A plaque assay method using ASFV previously adapted to growth in chick embryo fibroblasts is described. Chick embryo fibroblast monolayers under bactoagar or methylcellulose have been employed using cysteine, arginine, DEAE-Dextran and HEPES as additives. Plaque production was optimal under methylcellulose. HEPES rendered the plaques more clear when used with the overlay. Arginine enhances plaque formation with bactoagar, and DEAE-Dextran doubles the plaque size. The growth curve of ASFV in chick embryo monolayers has been studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033755"}
{"pmid": "1033757", "title": "Hyperreactivity and aggressiveness following infusion of local anesthetic into the lateral septum or surrounding structures.", "content": "Hyperreactivity and aggressiveness following infusion of local anesthetic into the lateral septum or surrounding structures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033757"}
{"pmid": "1033758", "title": "Agonistic behavior in wild and inbred Mus musculus.", "content": "Agonistic behavior in wild and inbred Mus musculus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033758"}
{"pmid": "1033759", "title": "A theory of behavioral generality and specificity during mild stress.", "content": "A theory of behavioral generality and specificity during mild stress. A definitional system is given for the concepts of generality and specificity for behavioral variables, relating to signs and sizes of their intercorrelations. In particular, a mapping sentence is provided for defining the universe of observations for emotional behavior of mice under mild stress. Its three content facets are: (a) the temporal features of frequency, latency, and duration, (b) type of control, autonomic or voluntary, and (c) the experimental situation, the apparatus. Data from three studies published previously by other authors are analyzed by Smallest Space Analysis (SSA-I). In each case, the smallest space is found to be partitioned into contiguous regions corresponding to the elements of the three facets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033759"}
{"pmid": "1033760", "title": "[Norepinephrine levels and morphologic alterations of myocardium in chronic alcoholic rats].", "content": "[Norepinephrine levels and morphologic alterations of myocardium in chronic alcoholic rats]. Experimental alcoholism was produced in rats by giving them 32% alcohol as the only source of liquid for 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Control rats were given no alcohol. After 12 and 24 weeks on test the alcohol-fed animals developed pathologic changes and tissue catecholamine alterations of the myocardium. However after 4 weeks there were no differences in myocardial structure and norepinephrine levels between alcohol-fed and control rats. The present experiments indicate that marked increase in norepheinephrine concentration accompanies morphologic evidence of myocardial degeneration and may play a role in the development of the alcoholic cardiomyopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033760"}
{"pmid": "1033761", "title": "Extraretinal influences on the EOG potential.", "content": "Extraretinal influences on the EOG potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033761"}
{"pmid": "1033762", "title": "Characteristics of deoxythmidine transport and deoxythymidine kinase in 3T3 cells.", "content": "Characteristics of deoxythmidine transport and deoxythymidine kinase in 3T3 cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033762"}
{"pmid": "1033763", "title": "Identification of a cysteine residue of glutamate dehydrogenase that binds p-chloromercuribenzoic acid.", "content": "Identification of a cysteine residue of glutamate dehydrogenase that binds p-chloromercuribenzoic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033763"}
{"pmid": "1033764", "title": "Variation of superoxide dismutases during the development of the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata L.", "content": "Variation of superoxide dismutases during the development of the fruit fly Ceratitis capitata L.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033764"}
{"pmid": "1033765", "title": "Binding of antibodies to nitroxide spin labels and to the corresponding hydroxylamines.", "content": "Binding of antibodies to nitroxide spin labels and to the corresponding hydroxylamines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033765"}
{"pmid": "1033766", "title": "Inhibition of purine nucleotide biosynthesis by 3-deazaguanine, its nucleoside and 5'-nucleotide.", "content": "Inhibition of purine nucleotide biosynthesis by 3-deazaguanine, its nucleoside and 5'-nucleotide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033766"}
{"pmid": "1033767", "title": "Comparative study of mitochondrial and cytosol protein kinase activities.", "content": "Comparative study of mitochondrial and cytosol protein kinase activities. Both cytosol and mitochondria of rat liver display protein kinase activity, cyclic AMP-independent, which is resolved by Sepharose 6B filtration and P-cellulose chromatography into multiple forms phosphorylating, besides endogenous mitochondrial membrane-bound proteins, also exogenous phosphoproteins such as casein and phosvitin. However, the forms by far predominant in the cytosol phosphorylate both phosphorylserine and phosphorylthreonine residues of casein, while most of the activity associated to mitochondrial structures is due to the forms phosphorylating only phosphorylserine residues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033767"}
{"pmid": "1033768", "title": "Puromycin inhibition of eucaryotic ribosomes. Differences in sensitivity between polypeptide synthesis directed by endogenous mRNA and synthetic templates including poly(U).", "content": "Puromycin inhibition of eucaryotic ribosomes. Differences in sensitivity between polypeptide synthesis directed by endogenous mRNA and synthetic templates including poly(U). In a protein synthesis sytem derived from porcine uteri we have made the following observations: 1. Synthesis directed by the endogenous mRNA of the system is more sensitive to inhibition by puromycin than poly(U) directed synthesis. 2. Synthesis directed by the synthetic templates poly(G,U) and poly(C,U) is more sensitive to inhibition by puromycin than poly(U) directed synthesis and frequently shows a sensitivity to puromycin similar to that directed by endogenous mRNA. 3. Protein synthesis was inhibited by three aminoacyloligonucleotides (C-A-Phe, C-A-Asp, and C-A-Pro) which are analogs of the 3' terminus of aminoacyl tRNAs. Of the three, C-A-Phe was the most active and C-A-Asp the least active but, unlike puromycin, inhibition by these compounds was the same for endogenous and poly(U) directed synthesis. These results are interpreted as supporting the proposal that the acceptor site of ribosomes contains an hydrophobic binding region which interacts with the side chain of aliphatic amino acids, and particularly with the aromatic side chain of phenylalanine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033768"}
{"pmid": "1033769", "title": "Single bilayer vesicles prepared without sonication. Physico-chemical properties.", "content": "Single bilayer vesicles prepared without sonication. Physico-chemical properties. Single shelled lecithin vesicles of uniform size (diameter = 300 A) are prepared without sonication by solubilizing unsonicated lecithin dispersions with sodium cholate and removing the detergent from the mixed lecithin - cholate micelles by gel filtration on Sephadex G-50. A homogeneous population of pure lecithin single-bilayer vesicles free of multilamellar structures is obtained. The vesicle diameter is somewhat larger than the average diameter of sonicated vesicles. The curvature of the bilayer seems to be sufficiently large to allow for similar packing densities (areas/molecule) on the outer and inner layer of the bilayer. The morphology and some physico-chemical properties of these vesicles are described and compared with those of sonicated vesicles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033769"}
{"pmid": "1033754", "title": "Haemagglutination of trypsin modified human erythrocytes by chagres virus.", "content": "Haemagglutination of trypsin modified human erythrocytes by chagres virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033754"}
{"pmid": "1033771", "title": "Dose-response effects of beta-phenylethylamine on stereotyped behavior in pargyline-pretreated rats.", "content": "Dose-response effects of beta-phenylethylamine on stereotyped behavior in pargyline-pretreated rats. We studied the dose-response and the time-course effect of beta-phenylethylamine (4.0-64.0 mg/kg, ip) on stereotyped behavior and motor activity in male Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated 2 hr eariler with pargyline (0.25-8.0 mg/kg, iv). Stereotyped behavior, defined as repetitive, nongoal-directed head movements and sniffing, and changes in motor activity were observed immediately after injection of beta-phenylethylamine for a 1 hr period. With increasing doses of pargyline pretreatment, beta-phenylethylamine produced, in a dose-response relationship, progressively more stereotyped behavior accompanied by increased motor activity. Without pargyline pretreatment, only 64.0 mg/kg beta-phenylethylamine induced behavioral changes. Stereotyped behavior and increased motor activity had an onset at 4-6 min after the injection of beta-phenylethylamine, peak at 10-30 min, and gradual decline in the next 10-20 min. These results are discussed in terms of a possible relationship with the degree of inhibition of Type a and Type B monoamine oxidase acused by the different doses of pargyline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033771"}
{"pmid": "1033772", "title": "Influence of pyrazole on hepatic [1-14C] palmitate oxidation during acute ethanol intoxication.", "content": "Influence of pyrazole on hepatic [1-14C] palmitate oxidation during acute ethanol intoxication. When studied at different times following ethanol intubation, the effects of pyrazole, administered to rats prior to ethanol, affects differently the alcohol-induced disturbances in hepatic [1-14C] palmitate oxidation. This peculiar time-course of the pyrazole induced effects supports the relationship between active ethanol oxidation and inhibition of hepatic fatty acid oxidation, but also emphasizes the caution which must be taken when using pyrazole to study \"in vivo\" the mechanisms involved in the alcohol induced fatty liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033772"}
{"pmid": "1033773", "title": "Screening for HBsag by hepanosticon in microplates.", "content": "Screening for HBsag by hepanosticon in microplates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033773"}
{"pmid": "1033774", "title": "Feasibility of sugar production from agricultural and urban cellulosic wastes with Trichoderma viride cellulase.", "content": "Feasibility of sugar production from agricultural and urban cellulosic wastes with Trichoderma viride cellulase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033774"}
{"pmid": "1033775", "title": "Cellulase production.", "content": "Cellulase production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033775"}
{"pmid": "1033777", "title": "Purification of an exo-1,3-beta-glucanase from Candida utilis.", "content": "Purification of an exo-1,3-beta-glucanase from Candida utilis. An exo-1,3-beta-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.-) has been purified from the culture fluid of the yeast Candida utilis, and its biochemical properties have been studied. The amino acid analysis revealed a high content of acidic amino acids. The purified enzyme had 20% carbohydrate and a net negative charge showing higher affinity for laminarin than for p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside and yeast cell-wall 1,3-beta-glucans. In addition, the enzyme hydrolyzed the substrates starting from the nonreducing ends, releasing glucose as the exclusive hydrolysis product. The enzyme activity was strongly inhibited by lactones and also by some heavy-metal ions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033777"}
{"pmid": "1033778", "title": "Preliminary studies of pharmacological antigonism of anaphylaxis in the horse.", "content": "Preliminary studies of pharmacological antigonism of anaphylaxis in the horse. Systemic anaphylaxis was induced in seven groups of ponies. Systemic hypotension, pulmonary hypotension, and apnea were observed in the control group. Suppression of anaphylaxis was achieved most efficiently with sodium meclofenamate followed by acetylsalicylic acid and diethylcarboamazine. Tripelennamine and methysergide reduced anaphylaxis minimally and burimamide not at all. The findings suggest that histamine and serotonin are of relatively low significance in equine anaphylaxis whereas kinins, prostaglandins and slow reacting substance may be more important.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033778"}
{"pmid": "1033780", "title": "Concentration of manganese in the tissues of cycling and anestrous ewes.", "content": "Concentration of manganese in the tissues of cycling and anestrous ewes. A wide range of variation in concentration of manganese was found in the blood of 51 cycling ewes although no significant differences were evident (P less than 0.05) between days 4, 11 and 15 (day 0 = day of estrus) of the estrous cycle. In addition, no differences (P less than 0.05) were found in the manganese concentrations of various soft tissues of 15 ewes, killed on day 4 (five animals), day 11 (five animals) or during anestrus (five animals). The highest concentration of manganese was present in the liver, pancreas and kidney cortex, tissues which are rich in mitochondria. Among the tissues of the reproductive tract, the corpus luteum showed the highest manganese concentration and the level increased significantly (P less than 0.01) between days 4 and 11 suggesting that this trace element may be closely related to the metabolic and possible functional characteristics of this endocrine gland. Uterine horn and caruncles contained greater manganese concentrations than other components of the reproductive tract. The significance of these findings in relation to the effect of manganese intake on ewe fertility remains to be assessed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033780"}
{"pmid": "1033782", "title": "Cardiological signs and symptoms in Friedreich's ataxia.", "content": "Cardiological signs and symptoms in Friedreich's ataxia. The cardiovascular signs and symptoms were recorded in 36 patients with typical Friedreich's Ataxia (Group Ia, Ib). Seventeen patients were asymptomatic and this did not correlate with the severity of the disease. No pathognomonic clinical constellation was found to reveal the underlying cardiomyopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033782"}
{"pmid": "1033781", "title": "Effect of locoweed (Astragalus ientiginosus) feeding of fetal lamb development.", "content": "Effect of locoweed (Astragalus ientiginosus) feeding of fetal lamb development. Locoweed, Astragalus lentiginosus, was fed to pregnant ewes for various periods during gestation. The principal gross effects on the developing fetuses were observed to be delayed placentation, decreased vascularization, fetal edema and hemorrhage, and alteration of cotyledon development. Deformed lambs and undersized lambs also occurred. Data from sheep fed locoweed during various periods of the entire gestation period are summarized and indicate that locoweed poisoning in the fetus as with the adult is a chronic type of intoxication. Also, poisoning of the fetus parallels poisoning in the dam.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033781"}
{"pmid": "1033783", "title": "Implications of participant observation in medical studies.", "content": "Implications of participant observation in medical studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033783"}
{"pmid": "1033784", "title": "Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.", "content": "Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033784"}
{"pmid": "1033785", "title": "Immunochemical studies on the specificity of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea) agglutinin.", "content": "Immunochemical studies on the specificity of the peanut (Arachis hypogaea) agglutinin. The specificity of purified, peanut agglutinin has been studied immunochemically by quantitative precipitin and inhibition assays. The lectin showed substantial differences in precipitating with blood-group substances of the same specificity. Of the B substances tested, horse 4 25% completely precipitated the lectin, Beach phenol insoluble failed to interact, and PM phenol insoluble gave an intermediate reaction. The lectin did not precipitate with A1 substances, with hog gastric mucin A + H substance, or with A2 substance WG phenol insoluble. Another A2 substance, cyst 14 phenol insoluble, precipitated approximately 2/3 of the lectin. Of the H substances, Tighe phenol insoluble was inactive, JS phenol insoluble precipitated poorly, and morgan standard H precipitated about 80% of the lectin. However, first stage of Smith degradation, as well as Pl fractions obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of blood-group substances, gave products which precipitated strongly. The lectin was also completely precipitated by all precursor blood-group substances, as well as by cows 21 and 26, all having strong I-Ma, I-Ort, I-Step, and I-Da activities. Cow 18, which does not possess significant blood-group I activity, precipitated very slightly. Fractions of blood-group substances N-1 (Lea) and Tij (B) obtained by precipitation from 90 percent phenol at higher concentrations of ethanol interacted better with peanut agglutinin. These differences in activity are ascribable to a heterogeneity resulting from incomplete biosynthesis of carbohydrate side-chains of blood-group substances, particularly resulting in variations in the numbers of DGalbeta1 leads to 3DGalNAc or DGalbeta1 leads to 4DGlcNAc determinants. The agglutinin reacted with the hydatid cyst P1 glycoprotein, as well as with the previously studied antifreeze and sialic acid-free alpha1 acid glycoproteins, but not with pneumococcus type XIV polysaccharide. Inhibition of precipitation showed the lectin to be most specific for the disaccharide DGalbeta1 leads to 3DGalNAc, which is 14, 55, and 90 times as active as DGalbeta1 leads to 4DGlcNAc, DGal, and DGalbeta1 leads to 3DGlcNAc, respectively. DGalbeta1 leads to 3N-acetyl-D-galactosaminitol has approximately 1/25th the activity of DGalbeta1 leads to 3DGalNAc. Substitutions of DGlcNAc or LFuc on the DGal of active inhibitors completely blocked the activity, in line with the assumption that the combining site of the peanut lectin is a partial cavity. The oligosaccharides DGalbeta1 leads to 4DGlcNAcbeta1 leads to 6-hexane-1,2,4,5,6-pentol(s) and DGalbeta1 leads to 3[DGalbeta1 leads to 4DGlcNAcbeta1 leads to 6]N-acetyl-D-galactosaminitol showed the same inhibitory activity as DGalbeta1 leads to 4DGlcNAc, suggesting that the combining site of the peanut agglutinin may not be complementary to more than a disaccharide...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033785"}
{"pmid": "1033786", "title": "Autonomic innervation and plasma estradiol-17beta and progesterone levels in rats with subcutaneous ovarian autografts.", "content": "Autonomic innervation and plasma estradiol-17beta and progesterone levels in rats with subcutaneous ovarian autografts. Ovaries were removed from female rats and immediately autografted into a subcutaneous pouch in the flank in order to quantitate the relationship of graft re-innervation, steroid secretion and vaginal smear pattern. Animals were killed at thre time periods: three days after grafting, on the first day a cornified vaginal smear appeared and at the first metestrus. In addition, control animals were killed at metestrus. Plasma samples were obtained from all rats and analyzed for estradiol-17beta and progesterone concentration by radioimmunoassay. At the first day of vaginal cornification after grafting, plasma estradiol-17beta (45.8+/-4.0 pg/ml) was elevated in comparison to controls at metestrus (24.0+/-2.6 pg/ml), but plasma progesterone (21.5+/-4.0 ng/ml) was not different (30.6+/-1.7 ng/ml). Subsequently, at the first metestrus following grafting, plasma estradiol-17beta (23.0+/-3.5 pg/ml) was comparable to control values. In contrast, progesterone was decreased (17.5+/-1.9 ng/ml). A definite correlation was detected between the vaginal smear and plasma levels of steroid hormones in the castrated female rat with subcutaneous ovarian autographs Histochemical techniques were used to study the adrenergic and cholinergic innervations of grafts three days after grafting, at the first day of vaginal cornification, and at the first metestrus. No correlation was shown between density of adrenergic or cholinergic innervation and plasma levels of estradiol-17beta and progesterone or onset of a cycling vaginal smear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033786"}
{"pmid": "1033789", "title": "An assay for sex hormone binding globulin based on affinity chromatography.", "content": "An assay for sex hormone binding globulin based on affinity chromatography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033789"}
{"pmid": "1033790", "title": "Phosphate compounds in the erythrocytes of newborns with ABO systems haemolytic disease.", "content": "Phosphate compounds in the erythrocytes of newborns with ABO systems haemolytic disease. The following phosphate compounds of the erythrocyte acid-soluble fraction were subjected to chromatographic separation: ADP, ATP, adenylo-diphosphoglycerate, 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, hexose monophosphate, hexose diphosphate. In each of the fractions total phosphorus, and in fraction II inorganic phosphorus, were estimated. The material was derived from ten newborns with haemolytic disease as a result of ABO incompatability and from ten full-term healthy newborns, just after birth. The concentration of the compounds assayed, except for 2,3-DPG (the values in both groups were similar) was higher in the erythrocytes from affected newborns, but lower than that found in the material derived from the newborns with Rh incompatibility. It is suggested that the metabolism of erythrocytes of the newborns with haemolytic ABO disease may be somewhat different from that in Rh incompatibility cases because in the former the haemolysis is weaker, the anaemia is less pronounced and the tissue hypoxia is of a smaller degree.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033790"}
{"pmid": "1033797", "title": "Acquisition of human blood group antigens by Schistosoma mansoni.", "content": "Acquisition of human blood group antigens by Schistosoma mansoni. Juvenile forms of Schistosoma mansoni (schistosomula) have been cultured in human blood of various specificities and tested for the presence of blood group substances on their surfaces. The tests employed were survival following transfer into rhesus monkeys immunized against human blood substances, mixed agglutination reactions, and immunofluorescence. A, B, H AND Lewisb+ antigens were expressed at the surface when the parasites were cultured in blood of appropriate specificities. Rhesus, M N S, AND Duffy antigens could not be detected on the parasite surface following culture. The evidence suggests that the expressed blood group antigens are of host origin and are acquired by the parasite during culture, probably in the form of glycolipids or megaloglycolipids. It is likely that these substances are also acquired by parasites in the bloodstream of man. They may serve to mask surface parasite antigens, and so enable schistosomes to evade parasite-specific humoral or cellular immune responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033797"}
{"pmid": "1033805", "title": "The EMI whole body scanner in the demonstration of lymph node enlargement.", "content": "The EMI whole body scanner in the demonstration of lymph node enlargement. Thirty-three cases with malignant disease due mainly to lymphoma and testicular tumours were evaluated by computerised tomography (CT) scanning on the EMI general purpose scanner. In many cases there were either more lymph nodes demonstrated than on lymphography or more disease shown in bone or the thorax than was suspected. CT scanning is particularly valuable in showing mesenteric, retrosternal, axillary and para-aortic lymph node enlargement. Bone, liver and pulmonary metastases were shown when not demonstrated by other methods as well as showing the extent of recurrence of malignant disease. In testicular tumours metastatic spread to paravertebral soft tissues behind the diaphragm was clearly demonstrated. This cannot be seen on lymphography. CT scanning appears to be the most accurate method to date of showing the extent of malignant disease, particularly in cases of lymphoma and testicular tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033805"}
{"pmid": "1033820", "title": "Importance of behavioral assessment of the neonate.", "content": "Importance of behavioral assessment of the neonate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033820"}
{"pmid": "1033821", "title": "The P blood group system in pigeon breeders and pigeon breeder's disease.", "content": "The P blood group system in pigeon breeders and pigeon breeder's disease. A blood group P1-like antigen has been found in gram-negative bacilli isolated from pigeon droppings, in pigeon serum, and on pigeon red blood cells. As a probable resident of the environment of the pigeon loft, the antigen stimulated formation of anti-P1 antibody in eight of 11 pigeon breeders who belonged to the P2 blood group. Only one of 11 random hospitalized patients with the P2 blood phenotype had a detectable titer of anti-P1 antibody (P less than 0.01). The titer of anti-P1 antibody was not significantly different in symptomatic vs asymptomatic breeders. The presence or absence of anti-P1 antibody could not be correlated with any band of immunoprecipitates formed between pigeon breeder's serum and crude extract of pigeon droppings. The P antigen was identified in pigeon-dropping extracts of breeders with the P2 blood phenotype by inhibition of hemagglutination. We conclude that anti-P1 antibodies appear to be a component of the immunologic response to avian antigens of pigeon breeders but are probably unrelated to the pathogenesis of pigeon breeder's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033821"}
{"pmid": "1033822", "title": "The status of prevention in the education of child psychiatrists.", "content": "The status of prevention in the education of child psychiatrists. While the pioneers of modern child psychiatry focused much of their attention on prevention, the situation today is markedly different. A questionnaire survey of child psychiatric residency programs suggests that when attention is devoted to prevention in the education of child psychiatrists, it is often ambiguous, haphazard, and minimal. This impelled the authors to sample the current status of available knowledge about preventive child psychiatry with an assessment of the validity of the knowledge and its potential utility. These are followed by some suggestions for child psychiatric education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033822"}
{"pmid": "1033823", "title": "The effects of prenatal and perinatal complications on development at one year of age.", "content": "The effects of prenatal and perinatal complications on development at one year of age. 35 variables descriptive of birth and obstetric complications, prematurity, maternal discomfort, and demographic status were studied for a sample of 322 infants. Factor analyses of these variables resulted in 7 major factors that were used to predict developmental status at 1 year of age for 233 of the subjects. Factors identified as \"prematurity,\" \"delivery and related variables,\" \"ethnicity,\" and \"complications\" made significant independent contributions to Cattell DQ at 1 year. When Cattell DQs were corrected for the effects of gestational age, only delivery and related variables remained critical, confirming the importance of this factor for later development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033823"}
{"pmid": "1033825", "title": "Mushroom poisoning.", "content": "Mushroom poisoning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033825"}
{"pmid": "1033827", "title": "Effect of melatonin on the reproductive systems of male and female Syrian hamsters: a diurnal rhythm in sensitivity to melatonin.", "content": "Effect of melatonin on the reproductive systems of male and female Syrian hamsters: a diurnal rhythm in sensitivity to melatonin. Hamsters were maintained on a long photoperiod (14L:10D) and were injected once daily with melatonin (10-25 mug) or sesame oil. Males which received melatonin during the afternoon (e.g., 6.5-13.75 h after lights-on) showed regressed testes and decreased levels of serum LH and FSH after several weeks of treatment. Injections of the oil vehicle or injections of melatonin given in the morning (3 h after lights-on) had no detectable effect on testicular size or on serum gonadotropins. Females which received melatonin during the afternoon became acyclic after several weeks of treatment and showed a diurnal pattern of LH secretion. The acyclic females required 4-6 weeks to resume estrous cyclicity following termination of the melatonin injections. The effects of melatonin on gonadal function and on serum gonadotropin concentrations in both sexes were similar to the previously observed effects of prolonged exposure to short photoperiods. These results indicate that chronic daily injections of melatonin can depress reproductive function in hamsters and that the effectiveness of the injections is dependent upon the time of day at which they are administered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033827"}
{"pmid": "1033828", "title": "Total and free testosterone and total and free 17 beta-oestradiol in normally menstruating women.", "content": "Total and free testosterone and total and free 17 beta-oestradiol in normally menstruating women. Estimations of plasma total and free testosterone (T) as well as of total and free 17beta-oestradiol (E2) have been performed in 6 normal women throughout the menstrual cycle. The plasma total T levels showed a small but significant cyclical variations, with significantly increased values around the midcycle (p less than 0.001). The pattern of free T during the cycle was similar to total T. Regarding total plasma E2, two typical peaks occurred, which were also observed in plasma free E2. Changes in testosterone-17beta-oestradiol binding globulin have not been detected throughout the menstrual cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033828"}
{"pmid": "1033829", "title": "Significantly decreased apparently free testosterone levels in plasma of male homosexuals.", "content": "Significantly decreased apparently free testosterone levels in plasma of male homosexuals. Total and free plasma testosterone (T) were determined in male homosexuals. While total T showed no significant difference to a heterosexual control group, apparently free T in plasma was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) in 35 male homosexuals (mean +/- SD = 10.7 +/- 3.3 ng/100 ml) than in 38 male heterosexuals of similar age (13.3 +/- 4.5 ng/100 ml).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033829"}
{"pmid": "1033830", "title": "Mercury in Alaskan Eskimo mothers and infants.", "content": "Mercury in Alaskan Eskimo mothers and infants. The potential danger of natural mercury accumulation in the diet of the Eskimo is evaluated through mercury levels determined in cord blood, placenta, maternal blood, hair, and milk of 38 maternal-infant pairs from Anchorage and the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta. Although mercury levels are not discernably dangerous, trends to larger accumulations in maternal and fetal RBC and placental tissue with proximity to the sea and consumption of seals during pregnancy provide the basis for considering possible indicators of neonatal involvement. Mercury level in RBC from cord blood appeared as the best potential indicator of this involvement, although relationships with the mother's diet and level of mercury in the placenta also appear useful. In this area, average and maximal mercury levels in cord blood are 39 and 78 ng/ml, respectively, far below the acknowledged toxic level in infants of these mothers who eat seals or fish every day during their pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033830"}
{"pmid": "1033824", "title": "[Congenital venous dysplasia of the right lower limb associated with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in a 14 year old child. Successive destruction of the knee and hip. Conservative treatment].", "content": "[Congenital venous dysplasia of the right lower limb associated with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in a 14 year old child. Successive destruction of the knee and hip. Conservative treatment].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033824"}
{"pmid": "1033832", "title": "Characterization and action of meiotic maturation inhibitors in starfish ovary.", "content": "Characterization and action of meiotic maturation inhibitors in starfish ovary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033832"}
{"pmid": "1033831", "title": "The role of biotransformation in chemical-induced liver injury.", "content": "The role of biotransformation in chemical-induced liver injury. The role of drug metabolism in chemical-induced liver injury is reviewed. Parameters for studying the formation of chemically reactive metabolites are discussed and the factors that alter the formation and covalent binding of reactive metabolites are selectively emphasized. Some of the experimental work that led to these concepts is discussed, especially the chemical toxicology of the hepatic injury produced by acetaminophen, bromobenzene, furosemide, isoniazid and iproniazid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033831"}
{"pmid": "1033833", "title": "Differential effects of lectins mediating erythrocyte attachment and ingestion by macrophages.", "content": "Differential effects of lectins mediating erythrocyte attachment and ingestion by macrophages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033833"}
{"pmid": "1033834", "title": "Nuclear proteins. III. The fibrillar nature of the nuclear matrix.", "content": "Nuclear proteins. III. The fibrillar nature of the nuclear matrix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033834"}
{"pmid": "1033835", "title": "The effect of inhibitors of microtubule and microfilament function on the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "The effect of inhibitors of microtubule and microfilament function on the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033835"}
{"pmid": "1033836", "title": "Is the movement of single cells within solid tissue masses induced by trypsinization?", "content": "Is the movement of single cells within solid tissue masses induced by trypsinization?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033836"}
{"pmid": "1033837", "title": "Serial lateral hypothalamic destruction: infancy and adulthood.", "content": "Serial lateral hypothalamic destruction: infancy and adulthood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033837"}
{"pmid": "1033838", "title": "Functional alterations of liver mitochondria in chronic experimental alcoholism.", "content": "Functional alterations of liver mitochondria in chronic experimental alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033838"}
{"pmid": "1033840", "title": "Chemical modification of liver alcohol dehydrogenase with alpha-bromo-beta-(5-imidazolyl) propionic acid.", "content": "Chemical modification of liver alcohol dehydrogenase with alpha-bromo-beta-(5-imidazolyl) propionic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033840"}
{"pmid": "1033841", "title": "Polymerization of a major surface-associated glycoprotein, fibronectin, in cultured fibroblasts.", "content": "Polymerization of a major surface-associated glycoprotein, fibronectin, in cultured fibroblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033841"}
{"pmid": "1033842", "title": "The occurrence of a new type of proteochondroitin sulfate in the developing chick embryo.", "content": "The occurrence of a new type of proteochondroitin sulfate in the developing chick embryo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033842"}
{"pmid": "1033844", "title": "The effect of an extraluminal transducer on the reproductive capability of the rabbit.", "content": "The effect of an extraluminal transducer on the reproductive capability of the rabbit. An extraluminally attached microminiature force transducer, designed for reproductive tract contractility measurements, was investigated in terms of its effects on the physiology of the uterotubal junction in the rabbit. The presence or attachment process of the extraluminal force transducer (EFT) did not affect the rate of pregnancy or the number of embryonic implantation sites whether the attached device was silicone rubber or polyethylene-encased. The uterotubal junction was able to retain the blastocyst for the required time after mating, while an examination of postembryonic mortality revealed a rate of one resorption in some experimental groups. The gestation period was unaffected by the EFT, ranging from 30 to 40 days with a mode of 32, while histologic examinations revealed formation of a thin fibroblastic layer, some increased vascularity, and no abnormal leukocytic accumulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033844"}
{"pmid": "1033839", "title": "The specification of fertility planning status.", "content": "The specification of fertility planning status. The principal obstacle to accurate measurement of fertility planning intentions in cross-sectional surveys is the disposition of the respondent to provide the interviewer with a reconstruction of the couple's history which departs more or less from what actually happened... Since married couples in America are now close to effective planning of fertility, the future of reproduction in the United States will depend much more than in the past on reproductive intentions. From this viewpoint, the uncertainty of reproductive intentions as shown here suggests extreme circumspection in using current reproductive orientations for future projections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033839"}
{"pmid": "1033848", "title": "Solubilization and peptide \"mapping\" of a large external glycoprotein fraction labelled by lactoperoxidase-catalysed iodination of cultured fibroblasts.", "content": "Solubilization and peptide \"mapping\" of a large external glycoprotein fraction labelled by lactoperoxidase-catalysed iodination of cultured fibroblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033848"}
{"pmid": "1033849", "title": "Biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine by germinating soya bean.", "content": "Biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine by germinating soya bean.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033849"}
{"pmid": "1033850", "title": "Cholesterogenesis from tritiated water in rats: evidence against the existence of diurnal rhythms (1. Temporal effects).", "content": "Cholesterogenesis from tritiated water in rats: evidence against the existence of diurnal rhythms (1. Temporal effects).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033850"}
{"pmid": "1033852", "title": "Changes in lipogenesis during mammary-gland development.", "content": "Changes in lipogenesis during mammary-gland development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033852"}
{"pmid": "1033853", "title": "Glycolipid synthesis in hamster embryo cell cultures.", "content": "Glycolipid synthesis in hamster embryo cell cultures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033853"}
{"pmid": "1033851", "title": "Cholesterogenesis from tritiated water in rats: evidence against the existence of diurnal rhythms (2. Effect of meal-feeding).", "content": "Cholesterogenesis from tritiated water in rats: evidence against the existence of diurnal rhythms (2. Effect of meal-feeding).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033851"}
{"pmid": "1033854", "title": "Effect of histidinol on the initiation and elongation of protein synthesis in Krebs II ascites cells.", "content": "Effect of histidinol on the initiation and elongation of protein synthesis in Krebs II ascites cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033854"}
{"pmid": "1033855", "title": "Nitrogen metabolism in the photoresponsive phytopathogenic fungus Cercospora beticola.", "content": "Nitrogen metabolism in the photoresponsive phytopathogenic fungus Cercospora beticola.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033855"}
{"pmid": "1033856", "title": "Carbon-utilization patterns in the photoresponsive fungus Cercospora beticola.", "content": "Carbon-utilization patterns in the photoresponsive fungus Cercospora beticola.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033856"}
{"pmid": "1033857", "title": "Effect of polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid on establishment, and on spontaneous and chemical transformation of Balb/c mouse-embryo cells in culture.", "content": "Effect of polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid on establishment, and on spontaneous and chemical transformation of Balb/c mouse-embryo cells in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033857"}
{"pmid": "1033867", "title": "The male climacteric.", "content": "The male climacteric.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033867"}
{"pmid": "1033873", "title": "Comparative studies on clinical, morphological and biochemical parameters in andrology.", "content": "Comparative studies on clinical, morphological and biochemical parameters in andrology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033873"}
{"pmid": "1033879", "title": "The effect of endometrial cells on the growth and expansion of rabbit blastocyst in vitro.", "content": "The effect of endometrial cells on the growth and expansion of rabbit blastocyst in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033879"}
{"pmid": "1033883", "title": "Synthesis of LDH-1 during mamalian oogenesis and early development.", "content": "Synthesis of LDH-1 during mamalian oogenesis and early development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033883"}
{"pmid": "1033884", "title": "Enhancement of differentiation of lens and pigment cells by ascorbic acid in cultures of neural retinal cells of chick embryos.", "content": "Enhancement of differentiation of lens and pigment cells by ascorbic acid in cultures of neural retinal cells of chick embryos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033884"}
{"pmid": "1033885", "title": "Cytogenetic analysis of oocytes and early preimplantation embryos from XO mice.", "content": "Cytogenetic analysis of oocytes and early preimplantation embryos from XO mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033885"}
{"pmid": "1033886", "title": "The structural gene for alpha-mannosidase-1 in Dictyostellium discoideum.", "content": "The structural gene for alpha-mannosidase-1 in Dictyostellium discoideum. We have isolated 4 independent mutations affecting alpha-mannosidase-1, a developmentally regulated activity in Dictyrostelium discoideum. Three of these result in a thermolabile alpha-mannosidase-1 activity. One mutation also affects the substrate affinity (Km) of the activity. In diploids these mutations show a gene dosage effect and are all alleles. The structural gene for alpha-mannosidase-1, as defined by these mutations, defines a new linkage group, linkage group VI. alpha-mammosidase 1 is probably a homopolymer with subunits of 54,000 daltons. We have also mapped two temperature-sensitive-for-growth mutations onto two previously defined linkage groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033886"}
{"pmid": "1033889", "title": "Male meiotic behaviour and male and female litter size in mice with the T(2;8)26H and T(1;13)70H reciprocal translocations.", "content": "Male meiotic behaviour and male and female litter size in mice with the T(2;8)26H and T(1;13)70H reciprocal translocations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033889"}
{"pmid": "1033891", "title": "The use of sperm-specific lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme for the identification of semen in dried stains.", "content": "The use of sperm-specific lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme for the identification of semen in dried stains. The sperm-specific lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme (Blanco and Zinkham, 1963; Goldberg, 1963) separated from other LDH isoenzymes of semen by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been found to be suitable for specific differentiation of human semen from other human body fluids and semen of commonly encountered animals. Seminal isoenzymes were found to be stable even 4 weeks after storage in tropical conditions. The method gave substantially more positive results than microscopic identification of spermatozoa when applied to a large number of relatively old stains on actual crime articles. It is therefore valuable in a large number of cases involving normal males and also in interpreting results of immunological and enzymological individualisation of semen stains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033891"}
{"pmid": "1033890", "title": "An ultramicroscopic study on rigor mortis.", "content": "An ultramicroscopic study on rigor mortis. Gastrocnemius muscles taken from decapitated mice at various intervals after death and from mice killed by 2,4-dinitrophenol or mono-iodoacetic acid injection to induce rigor mortis soon after death, were observed by electron microscopy. The prominent appearance of many fine cross striations in the myofibrils (occurring about every 400 A) was considered to be characteristic of rigor mortis. These striations were caused by minute granules studded along the surfaces of both thick and thin filaments and appeared to be the bridges connecting the 2 kinds of filaments and accounted for the hardness and rigidity of the muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033890"}
{"pmid": "1033904", "title": "Immunogenicity of \"single component\" port insulin.", "content": "Immunogenicity of \"single component\" port insulin. Twelve diabetic subjects who were not previously treated with insulin were divided into two groups of six each. Group I was treated with single component pork insulin and Group II was treated with standard (USP) insulin for 5 to 10 months. Three out of six in Group I, and five in Group II, developed circulating insulin antibodies. Daily insulin requirement in the two groups were almost the same. Insulin antibody titer did not fall in three insulin-treated diabetic subjects when single component pork insulin was substituted for USP beef-pork insulin. This study shows that the single component insulin is antigenic in human subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033904"}
{"pmid": "1033905", "title": "Endometrial blood flow in rats.", "content": "Endometrial blood flow in rats. The endometrial blood flow was measured in rats by injections of 85Kr saline into aorta and measurements of the clearance of the radioactivity by a Geiger-Müller probe situated in the uterine lumen. Estrus and diestrus were determined by vaginal smears. The endometrial blood flow was found to be 0.88 +/- 0.08 (mean +/- SEM) ml/g tissue/min in estus and 1.60 +/- 0.15 mg/g/min in diestrus. The experiment indicates that the endometrial blood flow and the total uterine blood flow change in opposite directions during the estrous cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033905"}
{"pmid": "1033906", "title": "Testosterone production by ovarian follicles of the domestic cat (Felis catus).", "content": "Testosterone production by ovarian follicles of the domestic cat (Felis catus). In order to determine whether the ovarian follicles of the domestic cat which normally ovulates following copulation, were similar to those of the rabbit steroidogenically, the following experiments were carried out. Follicles were dissected out of ovaries from nine estrous cats throughout the year and incubated in medium alone or with luteinizing hormone (LH) or human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Media were removed every 15 min and stored frozen until analyzed for testosterone using established radioimmunoassay procedures. Although LH and HCG caused slight increases in testosterone production the amounts produced were much less than that produced by rabbit follicles under identical conditions. However, when follicles were incubated for a total of 8 h without removal of media, marked changes in testosterone and estradiol production occurred. These data suggest that the ovarian follicles of the estrous cat are steroidogenically active.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033906"}
{"pmid": "1033907", "title": "The use of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid as a reporter group molecule for circular dichroism and fluorescence measurements. The effect of stearic acid and sodium dodecylsulfate on the conformation of bovine and human serum albumin.", "content": "The use of 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid as a reporter group molecule for circular dichroism and fluorescence measurements. The effect of stearic acid and sodium dodecylsulfate on the conformation of bovine and human serum albumin. The fluorescence probe ANS(8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid) was employed as a reporter group molecule for circular dichroism and fluorescence measurements in order to investigate the effects of stearic acid and sodium dodecylsulfate on the conformation of bovine and human serum albumin. Stearate as well as dodecylsulfate displaces ANS from the binding to both albumins. Besides this displacement, stearate and dodecylsulfate influence the fluorescence properties and the extrinsic Cotton effects on ANS bound to both albumins. It is suggested that the origin of these effects is a microdisorganization of the albumin structure, provoked by the binding of stearate and sodium dodecylsulfate. Each of the four extrinsic CD bands of bound ANS was influenced in a different manner by the addition of stearate and dodecylsulfate. Using the data of the fluorescence measurements and of the circular dichroism measurements it was possible to differentiate the effects of one ligand on both albumins and of both ligands on one albumin more efficiently than would have been possible using one of the two methods alone. It is suggested that the use of ANS as a reporter group molecule for fluorescence and circular dichroism measurements is a very good tool to detect small changes in the environment of ligand binding sites on protein molecules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033907"}
{"pmid": "1033908", "title": "Abnormal behaviour of proline in the isothiocyanate degradation.", "content": "Abnormal behaviour of proline in the isothiocyanate degradation. It has been observed that proline residues often initiate overlaps during sequenator analysis. The cause has been shown to be an abnormally slow cleavage reaction. The kinetics of the cleavage reaction has been studied and found to obey pseudo-first-order kinetics. There are considerable differences in reaction rates depending on the position of proline in the sequence, as demonstrated for the four prolines in the N-terminal section of the H2B histone from chicken.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033908"}
{"pmid": "1033909", "title": "Activity of nuclear DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in mouse limb buds differentiating in vivo or in organ culture.", "content": "Activity of nuclear DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in mouse limb buds differentiating in vivo or in organ culture. 1) A method was developed to measure the activity of DNA dependent RNA polymerase reactions I (alpha-amanitin-insensitive) and II (alpha-amanitin-sensitive) in homogenates of very small amounts of tissue. This technique was used to study the activity of these polymerase reactions in limb buds from mouse embryos developing in vivo or in an organ culture system. This culture system allows the morphogenetic differentiation of limb buds in early stages of embryonic development (day 10-11 of gestation greater than or equal to 37 - 45 pairs of somites) from a blastema stage to well recognizable cartilaginous bone analgen. 2) An increase in the activities of both types of RNA polymerases was found to occur in vivo in limb buds on day 12 of gestation when compared with the activity measured on day 11 of gestation. A similar increase with a maximum about 24-48h after initiation of the cultures could be observed in the explants differentiating in organ culture. To our knowledge this is the first time that induction processes proceeding in mammalian embryonic tissues could be correlated with an increased activity of RNA polymerases. 3)A rough estimate shows that the rate of transcription due to RNA polymerase I measured in homogenates or in isolated nuclei (measured with substrate concentrations giving about 80% of the maximal rate) would account for the assumed rate of rRNA synthesis in vivo. The measurement of the RNA polymerase activity in isolated nuclei, thus, may give some information about the transcriptional processes occurring under \"physiological\" conditions. 4) The mammalian organ culture system presented provides a suitable model for studying embryonic differentiation processes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033909"}
{"pmid": "1033910", "title": "Identification of the acid-stable trypsin-plasma inhibitors of the human and bovine serum as Kunitz-type inhibitors. Preliminary sequencing data.", "content": "Identification of the acid-stable trypsin-plasma inhibitors of the human and bovine serum as Kunitz-type inhibitors. Preliminary sequencing data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033910"}
{"pmid": "1033911", "title": "Cysteine residues mark the C-terminal triple-helical/non-triple-helical junction in type III collagen.", "content": "Cysteine residues mark the C-terminal triple-helical/non-triple-helical junction in type III collagen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033911"}
{"pmid": "1033913", "title": "Analysis of volatile N-nitroso compounds by combined gas chromatography and thermal energy analysis.", "content": "Analysis of volatile N-nitroso compounds by combined gas chromatography and thermal energy analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033913"}
{"pmid": "1033912", "title": "Constitutional chromosomal breakage.", "content": "Constitutional chromosomal breakage. There were 18 individuals found to have a constitutional chromosome fragility causing an increase in break frequency. For each chromosome the breakpoint is always the same, whether it involves chromosomes from the same person, the same family, or different families. The fragile points are bands 10q24, 12q13, 16q21, 17p12, and Xq27. Autosomal constitutional fragility does not seem to have a phenotypic correspondence. They were found mostly in parents of children with chromosomal abnormalities or in couples with a history of repeated spontaneous abortions which permits one to raise the possibility of an interchromosomal effect. The six constitutional chromosomal fragilities of the X chromosome had in common the association of mental deficiency, delayed speech, and large malformed ears. The break points in constitutional chromosomal fragility were compared to those of spontaneous breaks in vitro, to those induced by X-rays, and to those in Fanconi's anemia. The theoretical  consequences of these structural abnormalities are discussed as well as what to do about them when they are found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033912"}
{"pmid": "1033914", "title": "Volatile nitrosamines in fried bacon.", "content": "Volatile nitrosamines in fried bacon. Higher levels of NPy and NDMA in cooked bacon and its cooked-out fat were associated with those cures which contained higher levels of nitrite, but no correlation between nitrosamine concentrations and initial nitrate levels was observed. There was a higher proportion of nitrosamines in cooked-out fat than in cooked bacon, but by far the greatest amounts were lost in the vapours produced during cooking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033914"}
{"pmid": "1033915", "title": "Determination of eight volatile nitrosamines in thirty cured meat products with capillary gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry: the presence of nitrosodiethylamine and the absence of nitrosopyrrolidine.", "content": "Determination of eight volatile nitrosamines in thirty cured meat products with capillary gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry: the presence of nitrosodiethylamine and the absence of nitrosopyrrolidine. Five samples each of six cured meat products were analysed for the presence of eight volatile nitrosamines. A combined steam distillation-extraction step at pH 8-9 plus a concentration step were used for preparation of extracts. These were analysed, without further clean-up, using a coupled capillary GC-HRMS system at a resolution of 4 000. The MS was used in the fixed mass mode, but after the retention time of each nitrosamine the mass adjustment was tuned to the mass of the next nitrosamine. This combination allowed not only an unambiguous identification of the nitrosamines but also their direct quantitative determination. The products investigated were cooked ham, fermented sausage, raw bacon, mildly fried bacon, fried minced mean and smoked meat. Only one nitrosamine, NDEA, was sometimes found to be present in relatively large amounts. It occurred in two of the bacon samples; the concentration increased during mild frying from 4 and 13 mug/kg to 16 and 43 mug/kg, respectively. It was also present in two of the smoked meat samples in amounts of 7 and 91 mug/kg, respectively. Its identity was further confirmed on a second and third capillary column also coupled to the MS, and by direct introduction of the extracts into the MS at a resolution of 15 000. A silicon compound with practically the same retention time and mass as NDMA, which originates from the antifoam agents used as shown by other investigators, was found in the extracts in amounts corresponding to abuot 2 mug/kg of product. Nevertheless, seven samples were found positively to contain NDMA in amounts of 2-6 mug/kg. NMEA, NMPA, NMBA and NDPA could not be detected in any of the samples, nor could NPip or NPy. That no NPy (i.e., less than 50 mug/kg) was found in the fried bacon samples may be due to the mild frying method used. The use only of capillary GC with a nitrogen-selective detector, without further sample clean up, would have led to many false-positive results due to the presence of other nitrogen-containing compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033915"}
{"pmid": "1033916", "title": "Nitrosamines in cured meat products.", "content": "Nitrosamines in cured meat products. One hundred samples of specially selected spiced meat products (sausages, salami, bologna, wieners, meat loaf, canned luncheon mean, etc) were analysed for nitrate, nitrite and volatile nitrosamines. None of the samples contained high levels of nitrosamines, but many contained traces, generally in the range from 2-50 mug/kg. Some contained as many as four nitrosamines, namely, NDMA, NDEA, NPip and NPy. In a few cases the samples were reanalysed after two weeks' storage at 4 or -20 degrees C, but no significant change in the nitrosamine levels could be detected. The identity of the nitrosamines was confirmed by GLC-high-resolution-MS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033916"}
{"pmid": "1033917", "title": "Quantitative and qualitative determination of some volatile nitrosamines in various meat products.", "content": "Quantitative and qualitative determination of some volatile nitrosamines in various meat products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033917"}
{"pmid": "1033918", "title": "Identification and quantitative determination of nitrosoproline and nitrososarcosine and preliminary investigations on nitrosohydroxyproline in cured meat products.", "content": "Identification and quantitative determination of nitrosoproline and nitrososarcosine and preliminary investigations on nitrosohydroxyproline in cured meat products. A method for the quantitative determination of certain nonvolatile N-nitrosoamino acids has been developed. After a clean up procedure, using liquid-liquid extraction and ion exchange separation, the nitrosoamino acids are determined either by GC after conversion to their methylesters or by photolysis and subsequent determination of formed nitrite ion. Identification is made by GC-MS. Nitrosoproline and nitrososarcosine can be determined unambiguously; work on nitrosohydroxy-proline is in progress. Analysis of some cured meat products has shown that nitrosoproline may be present in relatively large amounts (340-440 mug/kg, confirmed by GC-MS) as compared to the amounts of volatile in notrosamines commonly found in these products. A trace of nitrososarcosine (about 10 mug/kg) was found in one product.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033918"}
{"pmid": "1033919", "title": "The relation between the determinable quantities of volatile N-nitroso compounds and the peroxide number in soya bean oil.", "content": "The relation between the determinable quantities of volatile N-nitroso compounds and the peroxide number in soya bean oil. Comparative studies of soya bean oil with and without addition of N-nitroso compounds (NDMA and NDEA) at different hydroperoxide concentrations have shown that the determinable quantities of substances having the retention time of N-nitroso compounds in soya bean oil and of nitrosoamines added to the oil are dependent upon the peroxide number. The determination was carried out by gas chromatography (nitrogen detector, nitrogen-sensitive, flame-ionization detector) prior to and following irradiation with UV light (360 nm). When the peroxide number was above 4, the determinability and the recovery were reduced by more than 60 per cent. In advanced autoxidation and after reduced recoveries, large amounts of NMDA and NDEA may be encountered for a short time. A possible linkage between N-nitroso compounds and peroxide is discussed. Comparative investigations of soya beans, crude oil, intermediates and commercially available steamed oils have revealed that the concentrations of the compounds with NDMA and NDEA properties in crude oil (peroxide number about 3) is higher than in soya beans. The recovery of these compounds is very poor in intermediate products with high peroxide numbers (about 5 to 9). However, N-nitroso compounds can be demonstrated in commercially available oils treated with steam (peroxide number about 0.7), although to a lesser extent than in crude oil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033919"}
{"pmid": "1033920", "title": "Nitrosamines and their precursors in some Estonian foodstuffs.", "content": "Nitrosamines and their precursors in some Estonian foodstuffs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033920"}
{"pmid": "1033921", "title": "Reduction of nitrosodimethylamine content in Cantonese salt fish.", "content": "Reduction of nitrosodimethylamine content in Cantonese salt fish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033921"}
{"pmid": "1033922", "title": "Group evaluation of volatile and nonvolatile N-nitroso compounds in foodstuffs.", "content": "Group evaluation of volatile and nonvolatile N-nitroso compounds in foodstuffs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033922"}
{"pmid": "1033923", "title": "Techniques for the screening of foodstuffs for volatile nitrosamines.", "content": "Techniques for the screening of foodstuffs for volatile nitrosamines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033923"}
{"pmid": "1033925", "title": "Public interest report No. 20--Why shouldn't providers and consumers (older people and their families) join together in an alliance for older people?", "content": "Public interest report No. 20--Why shouldn't providers and consumers (older people and their families) join together in an alliance for older people?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033925"}
{"pmid": "1033926", "title": "Incorporation of U-[14C]-lysine into p=otein, and DNA, RNA, protein and glycogen contents in the uterus of heat-acclimatized rats during the estrous cycle.", "content": "Incorporation of U-[14C]-lysine into p=otein, and DNA, RNA, protein and glycogen contents in the uterus of heat-acclimatized rats during the estrous cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033926"}
{"pmid": "1033924", "title": "Malnutrition, humoral immunity and infection.", "content": "Malnutrition, humoral immunity and infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033924"}
{"pmid": "1033927", "title": "Lissencephaly in Lhasa Apso dogs.", "content": "Lissencephaly in Lhasa Apso dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033927"}
{"pmid": "1033928", "title": "Prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in cattle slaughtered at an Ohio abattoir.", "content": "Prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in cattle slaughtered at an Ohio abattoir. Specimens of heart, diaphragm and, in 159 instances, esophagus were taken from 352 cattle slaughtered in an Ohio abattoir. The total weight of the material was 32 kg, and this was fed to 12 specific-pathogen-free cats to test for Toxoplasma infectivity. None of the 12 cats acquired Toxoplasma infection, as evidenced by their failure to excrete oocysts or to develop antibodies, and by failure to isolate Toxoplasma from their tissues by inoculation into mice. In further tests, a 650-g sample of beef from 77 of the 352 cattle was digested in 1% trypsin, then inoculated intraperitoneally into 40 mice. Toxoplasma was not isolated from the mice. Serums from 186 of the 352 cattle were inactivated at 60 C for 1 hour, then examined by the Sabin-Feldman (dye) test for antibodies to Toxoplasma. None had titers of more than 1:8. Of the 186 serums, 77 were also examined for antibodies in the indirect hemagglutination test. One had a titer of 1:64, which was considered nonspecific. Thus, evidence for Toxoplasma infection was not found in 352 cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033928"}
{"pmid": "1033930", "title": "Adiaspiromycosis in the lungs of a dog.", "content": "Adiaspiromycosis in the lungs of a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033930"}
{"pmid": "1033929", "title": "A serologic survey of a population of Georgia dogs for Brucella canis and an evaluation of the slide agglutination test.", "content": "A serologic survey of a population of Georgia dogs for Brucella canis and an evaluation of the slide agglutination test. In a serologic survey of stray and pet dog populations of Georgia, serums were screened for Brucella canis antibodies, using the slide agglutination test. If results were positive, B canis antibody titers were determined, using the standard tube agglutination test. The stray dogs had significantly (P less than 0.01) higher titers than did the pet dogs. The reactor rate was 58% higher for the slide agglutination test than for the tube agglutination test. The manufacturer's  evaluation of the slide agglutination test was based on a comparison of the serologic results of that test with those of the tube agglutination test, using a comparative method that permitted the results to be interpreted as 99% agreement between the 2 tests. Reevaluation of the manufacturer's data by a different method indicated that the slide agglutination test is very accurate when the results are negative (99.7% specific) but less so when the results are positive (62.5% sensitive).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033929"}
{"pmid": "1033931", "title": "Evaluation of a modified water-deprivation test for diagnosis of polyuric disorders in dogs.", "content": "Evaluation of a modified water-deprivation test for diagnosis of polyuric disorders in dogs. A modified water-deprivation test was performed on 12 polyuric and 4 clinically normal dogs. Immediately after maximal urine osmolality had been achieved with water deprivation, antidiuretic hormone was injected to test further renal concentrating ability. The test provided accurate diagnosis of severe hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus in 3 dogs, partial diabetes insipidus in 2 dogs, and primary (psychogenic) polydipsia in 2 dogs. Five polyuric dogs with hyperadreno corticism had a response to the modified water-deprivation test similar to that of dogs with partial diabetes indipidus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033931"}
{"pmid": "1033933", "title": "Genetic influence on normal variability of maximum expiratory flow-volume curves.", "content": "Genetic influence on normal variability of maximum expiratory flow-volume curves. To determine the importance of genetic influence on the variability of maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves in normal individuals, MEFV curves breathing air and a mixture of 80% helium and 20% oxygen (He-O2), lung volumes, specific airway conductance, and closing capacity (CC) were obtained in 10 pairs of identical and 6 pairs of nonidentical twins, all nonsmokers and asymptomatic. For a given pair of identical twins, MEFV curves on air were more similar than those of a pair of nonidentical twins (P less than 0.02). The intrapair differences of identical twins were smaller than nonidentical twins of maximum expiratory flow (Vmax) at 60% of total lung capacity (TLC) on air (P less than 0.001) and on He-O2 (P less than 0.01). However, intrapair differences of Vmax at 40% TLC and CC were not significantly different in the two groups. Since Vmax at 60% TLC on air and He-O2 are dependent on the geometry of large airways these findings are suggestive that the geometry of large airways may be related to genetic factors. The relationship of the geometry of the peripheral airways and genetic factors has not been defined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033933"}
{"pmid": "1033932", "title": "Scanning electron microscopy of the endometrium during the secretory phase.", "content": "Scanning electron microscopy of the endometrium during the secretory phase. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the surface morphology of the rabbit endometrium during the secretory phase of the oestrous cycle. The free surfaces of ciliated and of inactive active secretory cells are described. Changes in secretory cell surface morphology resulting from accumulation and secretion of material involve the apparent retraction of microvilli and the formation of one or more bulbous protrusions of the cell's apical surface. These protrusions may be relatively smooth surfaced or exhibit long  slender micro-extensions. The protrusions grow in size and are eventually pinched off. Loss of the bulbous protrusions often leaves behind crater-like invaginations of the cell's surface. Secretory cells adjacent to the endometrial glands are the first to exhibit signs of mucin accumulation and secretion. The single cilium of a secretory cell is not apparently affected by the secretory process. Signs of ciliated and secretory cell degeneration, and possible sloughing, are also described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033932"}
{"pmid": "1033934", "title": "Molecular weight estimation of protoheme ferro-lyase by radiation inactivation.", "content": "Molecular weight estimation of protoheme ferro-lyase by radiation inactivation. The molecular weight of protoheme ferro-lyase [EC 4.99.1.1], a mitochondrial enzyme, was estimated by the radiation inactivation method. Irradiation in vacuo caused less inactivation than that in air. The approximate molecular weight determined by this method was in the range from 250,000 to 320,000. The significance of the location of the enzyme in connection with its role in heme synthesis is discussed on the basis of Singer's membrane theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033934"}
{"pmid": "1033935", "title": "Biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells. Precursor-product relationships among sialoglycosphingolipids.", "content": "Biosynthesis of glycosphingolipids in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells. Precursor-product relationships among sialoglycosphingolipids. The reaction sequence for the biosynthesis of gangliosides by mouse neuroblastoma cells has been investigated by studying the pattern of incorporation of labeled precursors into sialoglycosphingolipids. Cultured NB41A cells incorporated N-[3H]acetylmannosamine into the sialic acid moiety of GM3 in less than 10 min. Labeled GM2 was not detected in cells incubated for less than 30 min, while measurable radioactivity did not appear in GM1 until after 60 to 90 min. Analogous experiments were carried out using [14C]galactose. No significant amount of labeled hexose was incorporated into asialo-GM2 during 60 min of culture. These studies are in accord with results of previous studies on glycosyltransferases of NB41A cells (Kemp, S. F., and Stoolmiller, A. C. (1976), J. Neurochem. 26, 723-732), and further support the concept that the pathway of synthesis of gangliosides proceeds via GM3 leads to GM2 leads to GM1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033935"}
{"pmid": "1033936", "title": "The zygosity of twins: further evidence on the agreement between diagnosis by blood groups and written questionnaires.", "content": "The zygosity of twins: further evidence on the agreement between diagnosis by blood groups and written questionnaires.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033936"}
{"pmid": "1033937", "title": "Conformational constraints in nuclear DNA.", "content": "Conformational constraints in nuclear DNA. We have investigated DNA superstructure in a wide range of nuclei of higher cells by gently lysing cells to release structures that resemble nuclei but are depleted of nuclear proteins. The sedimentation properties of these structures, which we call nucleoids, have been examined in sucrose gradients containing the intercalating agent, ethidium. The sedimentation rate of nucleoids derived from the growing cells of mammals, birds, amphibians and insects varies in the manner characteristic of circular and superhelical molecules of DNA. These characteristic changes in sedimentation rate are abolished by irradiating the nucleoids with low doses of gamma-rays, a procedure known to introduce single-strand scissions into DNA. We have also investigated by similar means DNA superstructure in nucleoids derived from a variety of different chick cells. Nucleoids derived from adult hen erythrocytes differ from the other nucleoids studied in that their sedimentation rate does not vary in the manner characteristic of supercoiled DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033937"}
{"pmid": "1033938", "title": "Ultrastructural studies on the surface membrane of the mouse egg.", "content": "Ultrastructural studies on the surface membrane of the mouse egg. Fertilized and unfertilized mouse eggs were examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy for evidence of mosaicism in the organization and concanavalin A-binding properties of their surface membranes. No obvious quantitative mosaicism in concanavalin A binding was noted. The egg membrane was microvillous over most of its surface, but was smooth in the region overlying the 2nd metaphase spindle of the unfertilized egg and on the polar body of the fertilized egg.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033938"}
{"pmid": "1033939", "title": "Contacts between pigmented retina epithelial cells in culture.", "content": "Contacts between pigmented retina epithelial cells in culture. The behaviour of primary cultures of dissociated embryonic chick pigmented retina epithelial (PRE) cells has been investigated. Isolated PRE cells have a mean speed of locomotion of 7-16 mum/h. Collisions between the cells normally result in the development of stable contacts between the cells involved. This leads to a gradual reduction in the number of isolated cells and an increase in the number of cells incorporated into islands. Ultrastructural observations of islands of cells after 24 h in culture show that junctional complexes are present between the cells. These complexes consist of 2 components: (a) an apically situated region of focal tight junctions and/or gap junctions, and (b) a more ventrally located zonula adhaerens with associated cytoplasmic filaments forming a band running completely around the periphery of each cell. The intermembrane gap in the region of the zonula is 6-0-12-0 nm. The junctional complexes become more differentiated with time and after 48 h in culture consist of an extensive region of tight junctions and/or gap junctions and a more specialized zonula adhaerens. It is suggested that the development of junctional complexes may be responsible for the stable contacts that the cells display in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033939"}
{"pmid": "1033940", "title": "Bromination products of 2,4-dimethyl-1,5-benzodiazepine.", "content": "Bromination products of 2,4-dimethyl-1,5-benzodiazepine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033940"}
{"pmid": "1033941", "title": "Some derivatives of 2- and 3-phenylthiophen.", "content": "Some derivatives of 2- and 3-phenylthiophen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033941"}
{"pmid": "1033942", "title": "Synthesis and crystal and molecular structure of a 1,11-methano-steroid, 3-methoxy-1'beta-methyl-1,11alpha-methano-9beta-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17beta-ol.", "content": "Synthesis and crystal and molecular structure of a 1,11-methano-steroid, 3-methoxy-1'beta-methyl-1,11alpha-methano-9beta-estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17beta-ol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033942"}
{"pmid": "1033943", "title": "Syntheses of isoalloxazines, alloxazines, toxoflavins, and Fervenulins by oxidative cyclization of the Michael-type adducts from substituted 6-Aminouracils and Azo-compounds.", "content": "Syntheses of isoalloxazines, alloxazines, toxoflavins, and Fervenulins by oxidative cyclization of the Michael-type adducts from substituted 6-Aminouracils and Azo-compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033943"}
{"pmid": "1033944", "title": "Structures of three new C16 terpenoids from an Acrostalagmus fungus.", "content": "Structures of three new C16 terpenoids from an Acrostalagmus fungus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033944"}
{"pmid": "1033945", "title": "Mechanism of aromatic hydroxylation in fungi. Evidence for the formation of arene oxides.", "content": "Mechanism of aromatic hydroxylation in fungi. Evidence for the formation of arene oxides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033945"}
{"pmid": "1033946", "title": "Derivatives of hydroxyquinol. Part 4. A synthesis of di-O-methylcitromycin; Electronic effects in hydroxyquinol derivatives.", "content": "Derivatives of hydroxyquinol. Part 4. A synthesis of di-O-methylcitromycin; Electronic effects in hydroxyquinol derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033946"}
{"pmid": "1033947", "title": "Determination of biogenic amines in intestinal contents by ion-exchange chromatography.", "content": "Determination of biogenic amines in intestinal contents by ion-exchange chromatography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033947"}
{"pmid": "1033948", "title": "Preferential binding of testosterone over epitestosterone by human plasma.", "content": "Preferential binding of testosterone over epitestosterone by human plasma. The main purpose of this study was to investigate if the specificity of the binding of testosterone to plasma proteins could be defined as a preferential binding of this steroid over epitestosterone. The amount of testosterone that is specifically bound was calculated using the formula: (see article) concentration, where \"Ri\" is the ratio (14C) testosterone: (3H) epitestosterone in plasma prior to centrifugation, \"Ru\" is the isotope ratio in the protein-free supernatant obtained after ultracentrifugation (149,000 x g, at 0 C, for 18 h) and \"T concentration\" is the testosterone concentration in plasma resulting from addition of (14C) testosterone, the endogenous steroids having been removed by preliminary charcoal extraction. The theoretical separation of the binding sites for testosterone into two populations, one non-specific with no preference for testosterone over epitestosterone, and another with absolute specificity for testosterone over its physiologically inactive stereoisomer, proved to be useful. Ovalbumin was found to be an example for non-specific, non-preferential binding. Determination of the ratio (14C) testosterone: (3H) epitestosterone in the successive fractions of various ultracentrifuged preparations showed a small but significant preference for (14C) testosterone by human and bovine serum albumin, while alpha1-acid glycoprotein had a preference for (3H) epitestosterone. Saturation curves showed at least two components: the first one, presumably corresponding to TeBG, had a higher affinity and lower capacity. This binding capacity can be accurately determined by extrapolation to the ordinate or the second component, a straight line corresponding to a binding of somewhat lower affinity and much larger capacity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033948"}
{"pmid": "1033949", "title": "Somatomedin in cord blood: relationship to gestational age and birth size.", "content": "Somatomedin in cord blood: relationship to gestational age and birth size. Somatomedin (SM) was determined by bioassay in cord blood from 100 neonates born at 24-42 weeks of gestation and from three infants with major congenital malformations. SM levels rose with gestational age and had a positive correlation with birth weight, length and head circumference independantly of gestational age. These findings suggest a relationship between somatomedin and fetal growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033949"}
{"pmid": "1033955", "title": "Schistoma mansoni soluble egg antigens: determination of the stage and species specificity of their serologic reactivity by radioimmunoassay.", "content": "Schistoma mansoni soluble egg antigens: determination of the stage and species specificity of their serologic reactivity by radioimmunoassay. Three highly purified Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens reactivity with sera from mice with chronic schistosomiasis mansoni (major serologic antigens-MSA1, MSA2, and MSA3) were utilized in radioimmunoassays for determining their stage and species specificity. Inhibition studies revealed that MSA1 was completely stage specific, since its binding to S. mansoni chronic infection serum (CIS) could not be inhibited either with cercarial or adult worm antigen. MAS2 and MSA3 were specific with regard to adult worm antigen but their binding to CIS was slightly inhibited by cercarial antigen. Immature eggs in comparison with mature eggs contained only negligible amounts of MSA1 whereas MSA2 and MSA3 were present in large quantities. Fluid from eggs hatched in spring water (hatch fluid-HF) contained considerable amounts of MSA1 as well as MSA2 and MSA3. With regard to species specificity, MSA1 essentially did not cross-react with crude soluble egg antigen (SEA) from Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma haematobium whereas MSA2 and MSA3 showed partial cross-reactivity. Antibody dilution studies with sera from animals and humans infected with heterologous schistosome species (i.e., S. japonicum and S. haematobium) indirectly confirmed the high degree of species specificity of MSA1. The degree of serologic specificity of MSA1 as demonstrated in this study parallels that of the sensitizing activity of S. mansoni eggs and SEA for granuloma formation, as demonstrated in previous investigations. This study, therefore, indicates that MSA1 may be a major immunopathologically active egg antigen. In addition, the high degree of species specificity of MSA1 suggests its use in the serodiagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033955"}
{"pmid": "1033956", "title": "The in vitro permeability of skin and buccal mucosa to selected drugs and tritiated water.", "content": "The in vitro permeability of skin and buccal mucosa to selected drugs and tritiated water. The permeability of whole human skin, human dermis, whole pig skin, and canine buccal mucosa have been determined for four chemically different solutes: tritiated water, amphetamine, estradiol, and ouabain. Several new in vitro techniques for isolation, preservation, and permeability determination of these membranous tissues are described. Water permeabilities of human epidermis and dermis using these techniques agree well with published results. Human and porcine skins are very similar with respect to water permeability, while buccal mucosa is similar to dermis in its permeability characteristics to the four representative test agents. The permeability of hydrated whole skin is determined by the permeability of the epidermis, and the dermis and buccal mucosa behave as if they are water barriers exhibiting a permeability of about 30% of the diffusion through pure water, a difference that can be ascribed to the porosity and/or tortuosity of the tissue matrix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033956"}
{"pmid": "1033950", "title": "Major proteins of soybean seeds. A straightforward fractionation and their characterization.", "content": "Major proteins of soybean seeds. A straightforward fractionation and their characterization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033950"}
{"pmid": "1033951", "title": "Nitrosopyrrolidine formation in fried bacon.", "content": "Nitrosopyrrolidine formation in fried bacon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033951"}
{"pmid": "1033952", "title": "Automated determination of tryptophan in legumes and cereals.", "content": "Automated determination of tryptophan in legumes and cereals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033952"}
{"pmid": "1033954", "title": "Natural occurrence of alternariols in discolored pecans.", "content": "Natural occurrence of alternariols in discolored pecans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033954"}
{"pmid": "1033953", "title": "Heat-induced complex formation between myosin and soybean 7S globulins.", "content": "Heat-induced complex formation between myosin and soybean 7S globulins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033953"}
{"pmid": "1033976", "title": "Leptospirosis australis--a case report.", "content": "Leptospirosis australis--a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033976"}
{"pmid": "1033977", "title": "Plasma concentration of androstenedione during the bovine oestrous cycle.", "content": "Plasma concentration of androstenedione during the bovine oestrous cycle. A radioimmunoassay with Sephadex chromatography for androstenedione is described. Concentrations of androstenedione in bovine peripheral blood during the oestrous cycle ranged from 80 to 100 pg/ml. There was considerable variation and no pattern suggestive of physiological significance emerged, unlike those of oestradiol and testosterone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033977"}
{"pmid": "1033978", "title": "Changes in uterine and ovarian blood flow during the oestrous cycle in rats.", "content": "Changes in uterine and ovarian blood flow during the oestrous cycle in rats. The rates of uterine and ovarian blood flow during the oestrous cycle in rats were measured using radioactive microspheres. Blood flow was highest in the ovaries and uteri during pro-oestrus and lowest during metoestrus. During pro-oestrus, mean ovarian blood flow was 676-2 +/- 183-6 (S.D.) ml/min/100 g wet tissue and mean uterine blood flow was 249-7 +/- 120-1 ml/min/100 g. During metoestrus mean ovarian blood flow was 117-4 +/- 19-8 ml/min/100 g and mean uterine blood flow was 38-5 +/- 7-4 ml/min/100 g. In ovariectomized rats, uterine blood flow was 28-7 +/- 10-5 ml/min 100 g.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033978"}
{"pmid": "1033979", "title": "Variables affecting establishment of schedule-induced attack on pictorial targets in White King pigeons.", "content": "Variables affecting establishment of schedule-induced attack on pictorial targets in White King pigeons. White King pigeons exposed to food schedules before introduction of a colored photograph of a pigeon showed sustained schedule-induced attack on that image; additional birds given an early introduction to both the photograph and the schedule subsequently attacked the image at lower rates. Other pigeons attacked a second photograph of a pigeon regardless of whether it was introduced early or late. The late-introduction procedure was also effective in establishing attack on a projected image of a conspecific. The combined results showed that 14 of 17 White King pigeons given a late introduction to a pictorial target exhibited sustained attack against it and that a pigeon's initial reaction to a photograph of a conspecific when introduced early was a good predictor of subsequent schedule-induced attack on it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033979"}
{"pmid": "1033980", "title": "Developmental aspects of secondary palate formation.", "content": "Developmental aspects of secondary palate formation. Research on development of the secondary palate has, in the past, dealt primarily with morphological aspects of shelf elevation and fusion. The many factors thought to be involved in palatal elevation, such as fetal neuromuscular activity and growth of the cranial base and mandible, as well as production of extracellular matrix and contractile elements in the palate, are mostly based on gross, light microscopic, morphometric or histochemical observations. Recently, more biochemical procedures have been utilized to described palatal shelf elevation. Although these studies strongly suggest that palatal extracellular matrix plays a major role in shelf movement, interpretation of these data remains difficult owing to the complexity of tissue interactions involved in craniofacial development. Shelf elevation does not appear to involve a single motive factor, but rather a coordinated interaction of all of the abovementioned developmental events. Further analysis of mechanisms of shelf elevation requires development of new, and refinement of existing, in vitro procedures. A system that enables one to examine shelf elevation in vitro would allow more meaningful analysis of the relative importance of the various components in shelf movement. Much more is known about fusion of the palatal shelves, owing in large part to in vitro studies. Fusion of the apposing shelves, both in vivo and in vitro, is dependent upon adhesion and cell dealth of the midline epithelial cells. Adhesion betweeen apposing epithelial surfaces appears to involve epithelial cell surface macromolecules. Further analysis of palatal epithelial adhesion should be directed towards characterization of those cell surface components responsible for this adhesive interaction. Midline epithelial cells cease DNA synthesis 24-36 h before shelf elevation and contact, become active in the synthesis of cell surface glycoproteins, and subsequently manifest morphological signs of necrosis. Death of the midline epithelial cells is thought to involve a programmed, lysosomal-mediated autolysis...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033980"}
{"pmid": "1033981", "title": "Biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins by mouse embryos cultured in the presence of a teratogenic dose of chlorambucil.", "content": "Biosynthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins by mouse embryos cultured in the presence of a teratogenic dose of chlorambucil. The effect of chlorambucil on the rates of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis in mouse embryos was investigated using a system of whole embryo culture. Embryos were isolated on the 11th day of gestation (33 +/- 3 somites) and grown in culture media for periods of 4-8 h. Reichert's membrane and most of the placental tissue was removed leaving only the amnion and visceral yolk-sac surrounding the embryo. In the presence of teratogenic doses of chlorabucil (15 mug/ml) the rate of DNA synthesis was significantly decreased at 4 and 8 h. RNA and protein synthesis were not inhibited at either of these times. A trend toward decreasing rates of protein synthesis at some time beyond 8 h was noted, but not tested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033981"}
{"pmid": "1033982", "title": "Postimplantation development of blastomeres isolated from 4- and 8-cell mouse eggs.", "content": "Postimplantation development of blastomeres isolated from 4- and 8-cell mouse eggs. Blastomeres isolated from 4- and 8-cell mouse eggs were inserted into empty zonae and transferred to the oviduct. The products of both types of blastomere were capable of inducing decidual formation. One implant produced by an isolated blastomere from a 4-cell egg contained a small, retarded embryo at 5 1/2 days but most decidua from blastomeres of either 4- or 8-cell eggs contained only a few trophoblast giant cells. It is suggested that this lack of totipotency is due to insufficient cells being present at cavitation rather than restriction in developmental potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033982"}
{"pmid": "1033983", "title": "The permeability to cytochalasin B of the new unpigmented surface in the first cleavage furrow of the newt's egg.", "content": "The permeability to cytochalasin B of the new unpigmented surface in the first cleavage furrow of the newt's egg. Two of 10 mug/ml cytochalasin B (CB) caused retraction of the first cleavage furrow in Triturus eggs, a spreading of the unpigmented surface from the furrow region and a flattening of the whole egg. CB appears to act against the contractility of the microfilamentous band at mid-cleavage so as to relax the furrow and also to weaken unpigmented surface to allow the egg to flatten. Uncleaved eggs and the initial formation of the cleavage groove were unaffected by CB. A fully-retracted first cleavage furrow reformed itself on transfer of the egg to normal medium but only at the time of second cleavage. Initiation of second cleavage depended upon there being sufficient of the original pigmented surface on the animal hemisphere. Tritium-labelled CB of high specific activty was prepared and used to study its ability to penetrate the surface of newt eggs during cleavage. Scintillation couting of whole eggs showed that CB was not taken into the newt egg until mid-cleavage (about 17 min after the double stripe stage) when new surface began to spread in the cleavage furrow. Fixation in glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide retained radioactivity in the egg, but more CB was retained after fixation in osmium tetroxide alone than after double fixation. Most of the retained radioactivity was in yolk platelets. Autoradiographs were prepared to sectioned eggs which had been fixed at late cleavage after [3H]CB had flattend the furrow. These showed that CB entered the egg through the unpigmented surface which formed in the furrow but it could not enter through the pigmented surface. The impermeability of the pigmented surface explains the observations that CB does not prevent initial furrowing at cleavage. Once inside the egg CB is transported slowly. CB penetrates to a limited extent beneath the pigmented surface from its border with the unpigmented surface in the first cleavage furrow and this seems insufficient in some circumstances to suppress the contractile phase of second cleavage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033983"}
{"pmid": "1033984", "title": "The developmental analysis of an embryonic lethal (C6H) in the mouse.", "content": "The developmental analysis of an embryonic lethal (C6H) in the mouse. A development study of the effects of the C6H allele at the albino locus has identified the C6H homozygote as an early postimplantation lethal. Homozygous C6H embryos can first be recognized at 6 1/2-7 days of gestation by abnormalities of the ectoplacental and parietal endodern. At 7 1/2 days, mutant embryos appear severely retarded with obvious abnormalities in all germ layers. All C6H homozygotes are dead and resorbed by 8 days of development. It is proposed that the mutation interferes with the normal differentiation of the parietal endoderm, ectoplacental cone and extra-embryonic ectoderm of the egg cyclinder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033984"}
{"pmid": "1033985", "title": "Experiments on blocking and unblocking of first meiotic metaphase in eggs of the parthenogenetic stick insect Carausius morosus Br. (Phasmida, Insecta).", "content": "Experiments on blocking and unblocking of first meiotic metaphase in eggs of the parthenogenetic stick insect Carausius morosus Br. (Phasmida, Insecta). The eggs of the parthenogenetic stick insect Carausius morosus, which remain arrested in first meiotic metaphase until oviposition, must be activated in order to develop. The activating agent is oxygen from the air, which enters the egg cell through the micropyle. An exposure shorter than one minute is sufficient to release the blockage. In non-activated (micropyle-less) eggs the first metaphase chromsomes either degenerate or change into an interphase nucleus. This nucleus polyploidizes by endoreduplication, and then either degenerates or multiplies by amitosis. Similarly more generations of nuclei may arise resulting in a chaotic development. These nuclei survive better in the anterior region of the egg. The question of whether the cytoplasmic factors which control nuclear behaviour, also operate in eggs of C. morosus is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033985"}
{"pmid": "1033986", "title": "Protein synthesis and germ plasm in cleavage embryos of Xenopus laevis.", "content": "Protein synthesis and germ plasm in cleavage embryos of Xenopus laevis. (3H) leucine was injected into unfertilized eggs, fertilized eggs, and Stage 2-12 embryos of X. laevis. Incorporation of the leucine into protein by blastomeres containing germ plasm was studied autoradiographically. Eggs, both fertilized and unfertilized, actively synthesized protein, ad did embryos from Stage 2 onwards. Probably all blastomerers containing germ plasm were labelled. In embryos from Stages 4-12, the germ plasm itself was also labelled, and this result suggests that the germ plasm is metabolically active during cleavage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033986"}
{"pmid": "1033987", "title": "Social experience and territorial aggression in rats: a replication with selected aggressive males.", "content": "Social experience and territorial aggression in rats: a replication with selected aggressive males.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033987"}
{"pmid": "1033988", "title": "Changes in the striatal adenylate cyclase activity following acute and chronic morphine treatment and during withdrawal.", "content": "Changes in the striatal adenylate cyclase activity following acute and chronic morphine treatment and during withdrawal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033988"}
{"pmid": "1033989", "title": "Structure and function of the glandular vas deferens in Ascaris suum (Nematoda).", "content": "Structure and function of the glandular vas deferens in Ascaris suum (Nematoda). The glandular vas deferens in the linearly arranged male reproductive tract in Ascaris suum produces substances which cause marked morphological and physiological changes in the spermatozoa. The glandular secretions, presumably formed by the rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi saccules, are extruded from the cells and coalesce to form homogeneous masses in the gland lumen. In sexually inactive worms the secretory material is separated from the spermatozoa by a sphincter comprised of neuro-muscular-like cells. During copulation the sphincter lumen enlarges and the spermatozoa and sperm-activating glandular material are mixed and simultaneously transferred to the female worm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033989"}
{"pmid": "1033990", "title": "Thelazia lacrymalis in horses in Kentucky and observations on the face fly (Musca autumnalis) as a probable intermediate host.", "content": "Thelazia lacrymalis in horses in Kentucky and observations on the face fly (Musca autumnalis) as a probable intermediate host. Eyes from 114 (30.3%) of 376 dead horses, examined from 3 April 1975 to 3 April 1976, were naturally infected with adult Thelazia lacrymalis; 1 horse was also infected with 1 male Thelazia skrijabini. Adult T. lacrymalis from dead horses were successfully transferred mechanically to the eyes of 3 of 4 Shetland ponies raised helminth-free. Larvae from gravid female T. lacrymalis underwent development in experimentally infected, laboratory-raised face flies (Musca autumnalis) and third-stage larvae ranging from 1.82 to 2.94 mm in total length were recovered at 12 to 15 days postexposure. A total of 866 naturally occurring face flies were collected from the head region of horses. Twelve of the face flies harbored larval stages of Thelazia spp. One of the larvae resembled third-stage T. lacrymalis that were recovered from the experimentally infected, laboratory-raised face flies. Introduction of 3 third-stage larvae from 1 face fly onto the cornea of a pony raised helminth-free resulted in the recovery of 1 male T. skrjabini 242 days later. In addition to the eyeworm larvae, other parasites recovered from the face flies included Heterotylenchus autumnalis, hypopi of astigmatid mites and a first instar beetle (Coleoptera: Rhipiphoridae). Data from these investigations indicate the likelihood that face flies are an intermediate host for T. lacrymalis and probably other species of Thelazia in this part of the country.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033990"}
{"pmid": "1033991", "title": "Changes in leadership appraisal as a function of the stress of a simulated panic situation.", "content": "Changes in leadership appraisal as a function of the stress of a simulated panic situation. Research by Mintz and Kelley, Condry, Dahke, and Hill left unresolved the question of what level of personal threat leads to group incoordination of \"panic behavior.\" The present study set out to resolve this issue and to explore the additional relationship between leadership and behavior in the panic situation. The dependent variables were Likert-type questionnaire items designed to investigate the level of responsibility attributed to a leader by members of a group as a function of four variables: (a) two levels of stress (threat of shock or of small monetary loss); (b) two levels of leadership authority (elected or appointed); (c) two conditions of leadership (\"me-last\" or \"me-first\"); and (d) group success or failure. The specific questions were adapted from earlier pilot work by Sulzer and Sisti. One hundred and forty-four males were run in this 2 X 2 X 2 X 2 factorial design with a nonfactorial control group. The task setting, which required subjects to retrieve their wooden cones through the same hole, was designed to be analogous to the kind of situation that would occur in a theater fire where only one narrow exit existed. The results support the contention of Kelley that group incoordination (panic) increases under personal threat. Additional results were: (a) Leaders facilitated achieving the goal of safe exit; (b) elected leaders were given more responsibility and were seen as more competent than appointed leaders, but only when the stress is comparatively low, as otherwise the difference in evaluation narrows and reverses; and (c) success or failure seems to have had little effect on the leader's evaluation by the group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1033991"}
{"pmid": "1034010", "title": "Diurnal variation and individual differences in the perception of intractable pain.", "content": "Diurnal variation and individual differences in the perception of intractable pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034010"}
{"pmid": "1034009", "title": "Psychophysiological aspects of the menstrual cycle.", "content": "Psychophysiological aspects of the menstrual cycle. After a survey of literature on electrolyte changes associated with the varying excretion of hormones during the menstrual cycle, a study of 30 women aged 18-33 is reported.  Measurements of sodium and potassium ions in the saliva were made at 4 points in the menstrual cycle and, since previous work had shown bilateral asymmetry in sodium reabsorption in the eccrine sweat glands, samples were collected from both the right and left sides of the mouth.  The smallest sodium/potassium (Na+/K+) ratios were found at ovulation and the premenstruum.  This fits 2 sets of facts:  1) during stress Na+/K+ ratios decrease and 2) this decrease comes exactly when most women report feelings of irritability, anxiety, and such.   Differences in Na+/K+ ratios over points in the cycle were significant at p less than .001.  Differences between right and left side were significant during the premenstruum (p less than .05).  K+ was highest at ovulation (p less than .001) and the left side produced higher values (p less than .05).  Na+ was lowest at ovulation, highest at menstruation (p less than .001) with concentration on right side higher at menstruation (p less than .05). This seems to indicate that the right side not only reabsorbs Na+ more efficiently but it can also excrete more efficiently and maintains homeostasis more effectively.  Estrogen seems to play a major role in initiating these variations in body electrolytes, which are similar to stress reactions.  It is also suggested that salivary electrolytes, recorded for parotid saliva, reflect readings similar to that of plasma with Na+ and K+ tending to move in opposite directions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034009"}
{"pmid": "1034011", "title": "Bio-feedback: opening discussant's remarks after Professor Neal Miller's talk.", "content": "Bio-feedback: opening discussant's remarks after Professor Neal Miller's talk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034011"}
{"pmid": "1034012", "title": "Physiological responsivity of normal and sexually dysfunctional women during erotic stimulus exposure.", "content": "Physiological responsivity of normal and sexually dysfunctional women during erotic stimulus exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034012"}
{"pmid": "1034014", "title": "Eosinophil-mediated destruction of Schistosoma mansoni eggs.", "content": "Eosinophil-mediated destruction of Schistosoma mansoni eggs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034014"}
{"pmid": "1034016", "title": "The de Lange syndrome in one of twins.", "content": "The de Lange syndrome in one of twins. A pair of female monozygotic twins, one of them affected by the de Lange syndrome is described for the first time. Monozygosity was established by most of the accepted standards in use at the present time. Speculation is offered as to whether the discordance in the manifestation of the syndrome provides any clues for understanding its controversial pathogenesis. In this regard two genetic mechanisms are discussed. One is the hypothesis of a chromosomal or mitotic instability. The other possibility would be a postzygotic new mutation of a gene or large effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034016"}
{"pmid": "1034015", "title": "Clinical details, cytogenic studies,and cellular physiology of a 69, XXX fetus, with comments on the biological effect of triploidy in man.", "content": "Clinical details, cytogenic studies,and cellular physiology of a 69, XXX fetus, with comments on the biological effect of triploidy in man. A triploid fetus, 69, XXX, aborted spontaneously at 26 weeks' gestation. It had multiple abnormalities including syndactyly of the hands and feet single palmar creases, hypoplasia of the adrenals and ovaries, hypertrophy of thigh muscles, and abnormalities of the brain. The placenta was large and showed hydatidiform degeneration. The pregnancy had been complicated by acute dyspnoea, pre-eclampsia, and postpartum haemorrhage. Detailed cytogenetic studies, using banding and fluorescence techniques, were performed on fetus and parents. Meiotic studies were made on the fetal ovaries. Muscle cell differentiation and electrophysiological relationships of cultured skin fibriblasts were examined in an attempt to study the way in which the extra haploid set of chromosomes exerts its effect on the phenotype. The antenatal diagnosis of late triploidy is discussed. The finding that 25 per cent of late triploids have spina bifida is further evidence that meningomyelocele has a genetic component and strongly suggests that this results from chromosomal imbalance or a regulatory gene disturbance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034015"}
{"pmid": "1034017", "title": "Trimethylhydrazine hydrochloride as a tumor inducer in Swiss mice.", "content": "Trimethylhydrazine hydrochloride as a tumor inducer in Swiss mice. A 0.05% solution of trimethylhydrazine hydrochloride (TMH) administered for a lifetime in drinking water to outbred Swiss albino mice, beginning at 6 weeks of age, induced tumors of blood vessels, lungs, and kidneys. The tumor incidences in these tissues in untreated controls were 5,22 and 0%, whereas in the treated groups the corresponding tumor incidences increased to 85, 44, and 6%, respectively. Histopathologically, tumors were classified as angiosarcomas of blood vessels and adenomas of the lungs and kidneys. The study thus demonstrated the tumorigenicity of TMH. Contrary to expectation, the chemical structure modification apparently failed to alter qualitatively the tumorigenic response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034017"}
{"pmid": "1034018", "title": "Age incidence and site distribution of mammary dysplasias in young beagle bitches.", "content": "Age incidence and site distribution of mammary dysplasias in young beagle bitches. The age incidence and site distribution of 2,142 mammary dysplasias were documented for 39 beagle bitches 6 months to 4 years of age. Lesion onset was at 2-3 years of age, at which time more than 50% of the females had dysplasias. Dysplasias appeared before palpable tumors. Posterior mammae developed more lesions than did anterior mammae. Thus the gradient for early onset of lesions coincided with the gradient for tumor frequency reported previously; a preneoplastic potential is suggested for (some) dysplasias. Problems of defining normal tissue are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034018"}
{"pmid": "1034019", "title": "Hepatic angiosarcomas in dogs: an excessive frequency as compared with man.", "content": "Hepatic angiosarcomas in dogs: an excessive frequency as compared with man. A series of 18 angiosarcomas of the liver in dogs reported by veterinary schools in the United States and Canada suggested that certain breeds may have an excess of the tumor and that there is no marked predilection by sex. Histologic characteristics of hepatic angiosarcomas were similar in man and dog, but the relative frequency in dogs was about 25-100 times that of man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034019"}
{"pmid": "1034020", "title": "Mutant lines of guinea pig L2C leukemia. II. Comparative cytogenetic studies and banding analyses of normal and leukemic karyotypes.", "content": "Mutant lines of guinea pig L2C leukemia. II. Comparative cytogenetic studies and banding analyses of normal and leukemic karyotypes. Chromosomes of normal guinea pig (strain 2) cells and of cell lines dervied from a spontaneously arising leukemia were analyzed in detail. All cell lines studied, LG-L2C, GH-L2-C, BZ-LC, and EN-L2C, contained one M1 marker and two X chromosomes, in addition to other chromosome abnormalities specific for each cell line. The presence of the M1 marker and the two X chromosomes confirmed that all of these leukemic cell lines are derived from one ancestral line. Comparison of the chromosome markers and immunologic characteristics of these lines revealed that possibly the gene involved in the determination of C3 receptor sites is located on the terminal portion of the long arm of chromosome No. 2, but no other correlations could be made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034020"}
{"pmid": "1034021", "title": "Tumorigenicity of tetramethylhydrazine hydrochloride in Swiss mice.", "content": "Tumorigenicity of tetramethylhydrazine hydrochloride in Swiss mice. Tetramethylhydrazine hydrochloride (TEMH) was administered in drinking water as a 0.125% solution to randomly bred Swiss mice for life beginning at 6 weeks of age. As a result of treatment, the incidence of blood vessel tumors rose from 5 to 96% in females and from 6 to 88% in males, while that of lung tumors increased from 21 to 36% in females and from 23 to 28% in males, as compared with untreated controls. The increased incidence of blood vessel tumors, but not of lung neoplasms, was statistically significant. Histopathologically, the tumors exhibited the characteristics of angiomas and angiosarcomas of blood vessels and adenomas of the lung. The investigation proved for the first time the tumorigenicity of TEMH. The possible role of increased methyl substitution on hydrazine in tumorigenesis was also discussed, as well as hydrazine derivatives as a tumor-producing class.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034021"}
{"pmid": "1034022", "title": "The psychiatric assessment of candidates for cosmetic surgery.", "content": "The psychiatric assessment of candidates for cosmetic surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034022"}
{"pmid": "1034023", "title": "The accessory fibers of the sperm tail. High-sulfur and low-sulfur components in mammals and cephalopods.", "content": "The accessory fibers of the sperm tail. High-sulfur and low-sulfur components in mammals and cephalopods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034023"}
{"pmid": "1034028", "title": "The influence of vesical distension on the urethral resistance to flow: a possible role for prostaglandins?", "content": "The influence of vesical distension on the urethral resistance to flow: a possible role for prostaglandins? The possible role of prostaglandins in the mediation and/or modulation of the urethral response to vesical distension was investigated in female dogs. Three criteria for the possible involvement of these mediators have been investigated. Indomethacin could block the reduction of urethral resistance observed during vesical distension. Intra-arterial infusion of exogenous prostaglandin E2 resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the urethral resistance to flow. Moreover, a significant release of prostaglandin E2 in the venous blood during the course of vesical distension could be demonstrated. The functional significance, mechanisms of release and mode of action of these highly active lipids are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034028"}
{"pmid": "1034029", "title": "Colpocystourethropexy: the way we do it.", "content": "Colpocystourethropexy: the way we do it. In pure stress urinary incontinence the sphincteric mechanism is intact. Restoration of normal position and support to the vesicourethral segment usually re-establish normal sphincteric function. A suprapublic approach is used to gain adequate mobilization of the anteriorr vaginal wall and vesicourethral segment. Full thickness sutures applied in the anterior vaginal wall as far lateral from the urethra as possible are then tied to Cooper's ligament. Forward and upward lifting of the vesicourethral segment is achieved but the urethra is free in a wide retropubic space. Normal position with limited mobility of the sphincteric segment is attained, yet compression or obstruction of the urethra and surgical trauma to the delicate sphincteric musculature are avoided. Adsorbable sutures are used. Permanent fixation is to be achieved by the postoperative fibrosis made possible after all retropubic fat has been cleared away. This technique has been uniformly successful in virginal cases and in the great majority of the least favorable cases, after repeated failures. Adequate mobilization proper placement of sutures and prevention of compression and surgical damage are the keys to longlasting successful repair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034029"}
{"pmid": "1034030", "title": "Vesicoureteral reflux in identical twins.", "content": "Vesicoureteral reflux in identical twins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034030"}
{"pmid": "1034031", "title": "Mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a chromatin-positive boy.", "content": "Mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a chromatin-positive boy. A case of primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma in a chromatin-positive boy is reported. The incidence of neoplasms in patients with so-called Klinefelter's syndrome is discussed as well as embryogenesis and diagnostic evaluation in patients presenting with this tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034031"}
{"pmid": "1034043", "title": "Theoretical and therapeutic potential of indoleamine precursors (2).", "content": "Theoretical and therapeutic potential of indoleamine precursors (2).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034043"}
{"pmid": "1034122", "title": "Trisomy 5 in two abortuses.", "content": "Trisomy 5 in two abortuses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034122"}
{"pmid": "1034123", "title": "Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome: report on three unrelated families.", "content": "Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome: report on three unrelated families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034123"}
{"pmid": "1034124", "title": "A rare variant type of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase found in Japanese.", "content": "A rare variant type of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase found in Japanese.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034124"}
{"pmid": "1034125", "title": "Further examples of Gc variant (Gc J) found in a Japanese family.", "content": "Further examples of Gc variant (Gc J) found in a Japanese family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034125"}
{"pmid": "1034136", "title": "Effects of rubidium on behavioral responses to methamphetamine and tetrabenazine.", "content": "Effects of rubidium on behavioral responses to methamphetamine and tetrabenazine. Different groups of mice were injected subcutaneously every other day with rubidium chloride at three doses (0.41(50), 1.23(150) and 3.69(450) meq/kg (mg/kg)) or with saline as a control for a period of 2-3 weeks. Rubidium administered acutely did not affect spontaneous locomotor activities, while it tended to increase the activities when administered repeatedly though the increase was not statistically significant. The methamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotor activities were potentiated in the rubidium groups as compared with those in the saline group, this effect of ribidium being increased with prolongation of repeated administrations. Monotonic decreases in ambulation after tetrabenazine were not significantly affected in the rubidium-treated animals though the decreases were sometimes preceded by slight increases and recovery from the decrement tended to be more rapid. After tetrabenazine in the rubidium-treated groups, incidences of catalepsy were increased and jumping behavior and Straub tail responses occurred in a few cases. The results suggest that rubidium potentiates the excitatory action of methamphetamine on spontaneous locomotor activities, as contrasted with inhibitory influence of lithium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034136"}
{"pmid": "1034154", "title": "A transport mechanism of methyl mercury to egg albumen in layer Japanese quail.", "content": "A transport mechanism of methyl mercury to egg albumen in layer Japanese quail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034154"}
{"pmid": "1034155", "title": "Comparison of pathogenicity in chickens of Mycoplasma synoviae with special reference of a Japanese isolate.", "content": "Comparison of pathogenicity in chickens of Mycoplasma synoviae with special reference of a Japanese isolate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034155"}
{"pmid": "1034159", "title": "Serological investigation on Salmonella carrier-dogs.", "content": "Serological investigation on Salmonella carrier-dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034159"}
{"pmid": "1034156", "title": "Histopathology of purulent arthritis of chickens.", "content": "Histopathology of purulent arthritis of chickens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034156"}
{"pmid": "1034160", "title": "Further investigation on the dye and hemagglutination tests for the latent swine toxoplasmosis.", "content": "Further investigation on the dye and hemagglutination tests for the latent swine toxoplasmosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034160"}
{"pmid": "1034166", "title": "Neonatal respirator allowing simultaneous ventilation and suction.", "content": "Neonatal respirator allowing simultaneous ventilation and suction. A new type of respirator for newborns allowing tracheal suction and ventilation simultaneously is presented. Additional characteristics are: a partly disposable air supply system, no apparatus deadspace and with one exception no moving parts. The performance of the respirator under varied conditions of lung mechanics was tested using a pneumatic lung thorax analogue. The procedure of tracheal suction was simulated and the effect on tidal volume and alveolar pressure investigated. Triggervolume and response time were also determined. Analysis shows that the respirator has qualities of flow- and pressure preset ventilators. Tracheal suction during ventilation does not impair the delivery of tidal volume. In mechanical ventilation with PEEP the alveolar pressure remains positive throughout the respiratory cycle despite suction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034166"}
{"pmid": "1034173", "title": "[Effectiveness of thyrocalcitonin in the treatment of steroid-induced osteoporosis].", "content": "[Effectiveness of thyrocalcitonin in the treatment of steroid-induced osteoporosis].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034173"}
{"pmid": "1034174", "title": "Investigating ethnic prejudice among boys in residential treatment.", "content": "Investigating ethnic prejudice among boys in residential treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034174"}
{"pmid": "1034175", "title": "Cytoskeletal elements of chick embryo fibroblasts revealed by detergent extraction.", "content": "Cytoskeletal elements of chick embryo fibroblasts revealed by detergent extraction. Treatment of chick embryo fibroblasts with 0.5% Triton X-100 extracts most of the cell protein, leaving an organized part of the cell structure attached to the tissue culture dish. This \"Triton cytoskeleton\" consists largely of intermediate-sized filaments and bundles of microfilaments. SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis reveals that this cytoskeleton is made up of three main proteins. One protein component is 42,000 daltons and co-migrates with muscle actin. The other two components are 52,000 and 230,000 daltons and remain quantitatively associated with the cytoskeleton during the detergent extraction. The possible identity of these three protein components and their organization into a supramolecular structure is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034175"}
{"pmid": "1034176", "title": "Morphological and biochemical abnormalities in hearts of cardiac mutant salamanders (Ambystoma mexicanum).", "content": "Morphological and biochemical abnormalities in hearts of cardiac mutant salamanders (Ambystoma mexicanum). The effect of homozygosity for recessive gene c in Ambystoma mexicanum is the absence of a heartbeat even though initially heart development appears normal. Mutant embryos (c/c) are first distinguishable from their normal siblings (+/+;+/c) at stage 34 (7 days after fertilization) when the normals develop contracting hearts. The mutant hearts at this stage, upon gross examination, appear structurally normal but fail to beat. Nevertheless, the mutants survive through stage 41, which is about 20 days beyond the heartbeat stage, and they exhibit normal swimming movements, indicating that gene c does not affect skeletal muscle. Electron microscopic studies of normal hearts show some myofibrils to be present at stage 34; by stage 41, the normal myocardial cells have become highly differentiated muscle cells. Although some mutant heart cells contain a few thin 60 A and thick 150 A filaments, organized myofibrils are absent. Instead, amorphous proteinaceous collections are prominent. Heavy meromyosin (HMM) binding experiments were performed on mutant hearts to determine whether the myocardial cells contain actin. Mutant myocardial cells that are glycerinated but not treated with HMM contain intact amorphous bodies. After incubation in HMM, the amorphous collections are no longer present and large numbers of decorated actin filaments appear. The.results suggest that the amorphous proteinaceous collections contain actin in a nonfilamentous form, and the addition of HMM induces this actin to polymerize into filaments. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of mutant heart tissue supports this conclusion by showing a prominent 43,000 dalton band suggestive of actin. The electrophoresis experiments also demonstrate a significant reduction of myosin heavy chain (200,000 daltons) in mutant hearts when compared to normal, and this latter observation is confirmed by radioimmunoassay experiments. Muscle tropomyosin (34,000 daltons), prominent in normal hearts, is virtually nonexistent in mutants. Thus, it appears that this single gene mutation affects the accumulation and organization of several different muscle proteins, including actin, myosin, and tropomyosin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034176"}
{"pmid": "1034177", "title": "Selective breeding of rats for differences in reactivity to alcohol. An approach to an animal model of alcoholism. I. General procedures.", "content": "Selective breeding of rats for differences in reactivity to alcohol. An approach to an animal model of alcoholism. I. General procedures. Strains of rats are being developed which have distinct responses in spontaneous locomotor activity to a subhypnotic dose of alcohol. The purpose is to produce one strain in which the injection of a standard dose of alcohol will result in objectively measurable intoxication and a second in which an identical dose will result in virtually no effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034177"}
{"pmid": "1034178", "title": "Effect of housing density on alcohol consumption by rats.", "content": "Effect of housing density on alcohol consumption by rats. Rats housed six to a cage drank significantly more of a 10% alcohol solution than those housed three per cage or individually. Open-field behavior was negatively correlated with alcohol intake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034178"}
{"pmid": "1034179", "title": "Alcohol withdrawal effects on brain serotonin in mice behaviorally attracted to alcohol.", "content": "Alcohol withdrawal effects on brain serotonin in mice behaviorally attracted to alcohol. Serotonin concentration in whole brain tissue of CF1 mice behaviorally attracted to a 3% alcohol solution was significantly depressed 48 hours after access to the solution was denied. Norepinephrine concentration was not affected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034179"}
{"pmid": "1034180", "title": "Studies on the mechanisms of 6-hydroxydopamine cytotoxicity.", "content": "Studies on the mechanisms of 6-hydroxydopamine cytotoxicity. The uptake-accumulation and binding of radioactivity in mouse heart after administration of the catecholamine neurotoxin [3H]6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA, 1 or 3 mg/kg, i.v.) has been investigated. It was confirmed that a substantial portion (8--20%) of the radioactivity taken up and retained by the heart could not be extracted with perchloric acid, in all probability representing covalently bound oxidation products of 6-OH-DA to tissue proteins. Pharmacological analysis showed that a large part of this fraction was associated with the adrenergic nerves. The time-course of the perchloric acid resistant binding to the adrenergic nerves was found to parallel that of the neurotoxic action of 6-hydroxydopamine as evaluated by monitoring the change in [3H]noradrenaline uptake. Calculation of the intranelronal 6-hydroxydopamine concentration (average) needed to induce degeneration showed it to be in the order of 50 mM. The binding ratio for tritium deriving from [3H]6-OH-DA between the intraneuronal and extraneuronal compartments was found to be 10,000 to 30,000, pointing to a very high neuronal specificity for 6-hydroxydopamine. The 'covalent' binding of oxidation products of [3H]6-OH-DA was considerably reduced after desipramine or 1-phenyl-3(2-thiazolyl)-2-thiourea administration, treatments both known to protect the adrenergic nerves from undergoing degeneration. Conversely it was found that the binding increased during conditions known to potentiate the neurotoxic action of 6-hydroxydopamine, e.g., after monoamine oxidase inhibition with nialamide. Subcellular fractionation studies indicated that the predominant site of interaction between 6-hydroxydopamine oxidation products and neuronal proteins is the cytoplasm and the axonal membrane. Analysis of the effect in vivo administration of 6-hydroxydopamine on the field-stimulated induced release of [3H]noradrenaline previously taken up in the adrenergic nerves showed a 6-hydroxydopamine indiced reduction in [3H]noradrenaline release which was approximately proportional to the reduction in the number of nerve terminals. These findings further support the view that 6-hydroxydopamine acts largely in an \"all-or-none' fashion with respect to the neurodegenerative action. Administration of [3H]dopamine also resulted in a fraction which was not extractable with perchloric acid, although this fraction was very small compared to that found after an equal dose of [3H]6-hydroxydopamine. These data may indicate that oxidation products of dopamine can interact with tissue proteins. From the present results it can be concluded that there is a close relationship between 'covalent' binding of 6-hydroxydopamine oxidation products to neuronal elements and the cytotoxic action of 6-hydroxydopamine, indicating that this binding may play an important role in the neurodegenerative action of 6-hydroxydopamine on catecholamine neurons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034180"}
{"pmid": "1034185", "title": "The interaction between spontaneous convulsions and tolerance to hexobarbital in the abstinence after chronic barbital treatments in the rat.", "content": "The interaction between spontaneous convulsions and tolerance to hexobarbital in the abstinence after chronic barbital treatments in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034185"}
{"pmid": "1034186", "title": "Neonatal corticoid administration: retardation of adrenal rhythmicity and desynchronization of puberty.", "content": "Neonatal corticoid administration: retardation of adrenal rhythmicity and desynchronization of puberty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034186"}
{"pmid": "1034188", "title": "Cultivation of mammalian cell lines in serum-free chemically defined medium.", "content": "Cultivation of mammalian cell lines in serum-free chemically defined medium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034188"}
{"pmid": "1034189", "title": "Improved synthetic media suitable for tissue cllture of various mammalian cells.", "content": "Improved synthetic media suitable for tissue cllture of various mammalian cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034189"}
{"pmid": "1034190", "title": "Long-term preservation of the Ehrlich ascites tumor.", "content": "Long-term preservation of the Ehrlich ascites tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034190"}
{"pmid": "1034191", "title": "Isolation of drug-resistant clones of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.", "content": "Isolation of drug-resistant clones of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034191"}
{"pmid": "1034196", "title": "Diabetic retinopathy.", "content": "Diabetic retinopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034196"}
{"pmid": "1034199", "title": "Bone-resorbing activity of analogues of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol: effects of side chain modification and stereoisomerization on responses of fetal rat bones in vitro.", "content": "Bone-resorbing activity of analogues of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol: effects of side chain modification and stereoisomerization on responses of fetal rat bones in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034199"}
{"pmid": "1034201", "title": "Induction and decay of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in mouse 3T3 cells.", "content": "Induction and decay of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity in mouse 3T3 cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034201"}
{"pmid": "1034200", "title": "Oxygen-dependent reaction of 6-hydroxydopamine, 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine, and related compounds with proteins in vitro: a model for cytotoxicity.", "content": "Oxygen-dependent reaction of 6-hydroxydopamine, 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine, and related compounds with proteins in vitro: a model for cytotoxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034200"}
{"pmid": "1034203", "title": "Stabilization of double-stranded DNA molecule by non-histone peptidic effector from calf thymus.", "content": "Stabilization of double-stranded DNA molecule by non-histone peptidic effector from calf thymus. A peptidic effector from calf thymus causes a strong stabilization of DNA double-stranded molecule in vitro. The active factor was isolated from aqueous ultrafiltered thymus extracts and purified by means of chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and then on Dowex 50 WX2. The purified thymic factor was characterized as a peptide of low molecular weight (less than 5000). The biological activity of the thymic factor cannot be attributed to a histone fragment. Melting data of the control DNA and of the DNA-active factor complex in various conditions of ionic strength and dielectric constant of the solution medium are recorded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034203"}
{"pmid": "1034202", "title": "'3H-testosterone distribution and binding in rat thymus cells in vivo'.", "content": "'3H-testosterone distribution and binding in rat thymus cells in vivo'. Autoradiography and biochemical investigations showed that [3H]-testosterone where injected intraperitoneally into male white rats was incorporated rapidly into thymus lymphocytes. Thymic cortex contained more silver grains than medulla, and larger lymphocytes were more labelled than medium or small lymphocytes. Cytosol fraction of thymus cells labelled in vivo with [3H]-testosterone, contained the largest quantity of labelled hormone. A 4S cytosol fraction binds [3H]-testosterone. This could be separated by Sephadex chromatography or by linear sucrose gradient centrifugation. Nuclear extract contained also a small quantity of the labelled hormone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034202"}
{"pmid": "1034204", "title": "Synthesis of delta crystallin from embryonic chick lens messenger ribonucleoprotein complex.", "content": "Synthesis of delta crystallin from embryonic chick lens messenger ribonucleoprotein complex. A single, major 21 S messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP complex) was isolated and purified by sucrose gradient centrifugation after EDTA treatment of high salt washed polysomes from 15 day embryonic chick lenses. A 17 S mRNA was released from the 21 S subunit of delta crystallin. Similar results were obtained with the 17 S mRNA released from the 21 S mRNP complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034204"}
{"pmid": "1034206", "title": "A xeroderma pigmentosum patient having a high residual activity of unscheduled DNA synthesis after UV is assigned to complementation group A.", "content": "A xeroderma pigmentosum patient having a high residual activity of unscheduled DNA synthesis after UV is assigned to complementation group A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034206"}
{"pmid": "1034205", "title": "Characterization of poly(A)-protein complexes isolated from free and membrane-bound polyribosomes of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells.", "content": "Characterization of poly(A)-protein complexes isolated from free and membrane-bound polyribosomes of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. Proteins present in messenger ribonucleoprotein particles were labeled with [35S]-methionine in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in which synthesis of new ribosomes was inhibited. Poly(A)-protein complexes were isolated from free and membrane-bound polyribosomes by sucrose gradient centrifugation and affinity chromatography on oligo(dT)-cellulose. Both classes of Poly(A)-protein particles contain a poly(A) chain of about 70 adenyl residues and a protein with a molecular weight of 76000 attached to it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034205"}
{"pmid": "1034208", "title": "Cytoskeletal control of surface membrane mobility.", "content": "Cytoskeletal control of surface membrane mobility. Cytochalasin B induced redistribution of actin microfilaments into a bulge of the cytoplasm, bringing cell-surface elements to the corresponding surface area. This process was reversible, inhibited by colchicine and enhanced by antibodies to cell-surface antigens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034208"}
{"pmid": "1034209", "title": "Growth regulation of cells grown in suspension culture.", "content": "Growth regulation of cells grown in suspension culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034209"}
{"pmid": "1034210", "title": "Cell surface design.", "content": "Cell surface design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034210"}
{"pmid": "1034192", "title": "Separation of clonogenic cells from stationary phase cultures and a murine fibrosarcoma by density-gradient centrifugation.", "content": "Separation of clonogenic cells from stationary phase cultures and a murine fibrosarcoma by density-gradient centrifugation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034192"}
{"pmid": "1034211", "title": "Digynic triploidy after superovulation in mice.", "content": "Digynic triploidy after superovulation in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034211"}
{"pmid": "1034212", "title": "Mutagenesis and transformation of normal cells by chemical carcinogens.", "content": "Mutagenesis and transformation of normal cells by chemical carcinogens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034212"}
{"pmid": "1034213", "title": "Structure of porcine pancreatic prephospholipase A2.", "content": "Structure of porcine pancreatic prephospholipase A2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034213"}
{"pmid": "1034214", "title": "A human chromosomal determinant for susceptibility to herpes simplex virus.", "content": "A human chromosomal determinant for susceptibility to herpes simplex virus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034214"}
{"pmid": "1034217", "title": "Uniqueness of plasminogen activators.", "content": "Uniqueness of plasminogen activators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034217"}
{"pmid": "1034216", "title": "Effect of plant cytokinins on microfilaments and tight junction permeability.", "content": "Effect of plant cytokinins on microfilaments and tight junction permeability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034216"}
{"pmid": "1034218", "title": "Temperature sensitive defect in human-hamster cell hybrid.", "content": "Temperature sensitive defect in human-hamster cell hybrid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034218"}
{"pmid": "1034215", "title": "Tidal rhythm in a seabird.", "content": "Tidal rhythm in a seabird.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034215"}
{"pmid": "1034221", "title": "Inverse diurnal variation of blood plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids level in cancer patients.", "content": "Inverse diurnal variation of blood plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids level in cancer patients. The plasma level of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids was examined twice a day by means of MATTINGLY'S fluorometric method in patients with malignant and other chronic diseases and in control subjects. Higher values in the afternoon or the same as those in the morning were found in each case of malignant disease. This change of physiological diurnal rhythm was not observed in the vast majority of healthy subjects or in patients with non-cancerous diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034221"}
{"pmid": "1034219", "title": "Porcine pituitary peptides with opiate-like activity: partial purification and effects in the rat after intraventricular injection.", "content": "Porcine pituitary peptides with opiate-like activity: partial purification and effects in the rat after intraventricular injection. A peptide material with opiate-like activity in the guinea-pig ileum was extracted from porcine pituitaries using a hot glacial acetic acid extraction method and was partially purified by gel filtration. When injected intraventricularly in rats, these purified peptides induced strong analgesia, catelepsy, respiratory depression and other opiate-like effects, which lasted for several hours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034219"}
{"pmid": "1034220", "title": "Tolerance and dependence induced by morphine-like pituitary peptides in rats.", "content": "Tolerance and dependence induced by morphine-like pituitary peptides in rats. An extract from porcine pituitaries containing peptides with opiate-like activity (endorphins) was investigated for possible tolerance/dependence liability in rats. Repeated intraventricular administration of endorphins induced a degree of tolerance similar to that induced by normorphine. Rats made tolerant to morphine by repeated pellet implantation proved cross-tolerant to the pituitary extract as well as to synthetic methionine-enkephalin. Naloxone given to rats, repeatedly pretreated with endorphins, precipitated a withdrawal syndrome strongly resembling that induced in rats treated with normorphine. Withdrawal precipitated in morphine-dependent rats was suppressed by intraventricularly applied endorphins. The results suggest that identical sites and mechanisms are involved in the development of tolerance/dependence induced by opiates and pituitary endorphins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034220"}
{"pmid": "1034241", "title": "Suckling and LH-induced progesterone secretion in lactating hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus).", "content": "Suckling and LH-induced progesterone secretion in lactating hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus). The effects of suckling and LH upon serum progesterone levels in lactating hamsters were investigated. Diurnal rhythms in serum levels of progesterone and LH occur throughout lactation in the hamster and these levels are normally higher between 15.00 and 17.00 than between 8.00 and 12.00 (lights on 6.00-20.00). Hamsters injected with 10 mug of LH at 8.00 on day 9 of lactation had higher levels of serum progesterone 2 h after injections than did vehicle-injected controls. Suckling was also found to induce an increase in serum progesterone concentrations. 30 min of suckling from 10.30 to 11.00 on days 10 or 11 of lactation resulted in increased serum levels of progesterone and prolactin, but had no measurable effect upon serum LH levels in animals bled at 11.00. However, suckling for 30 min from 15.00 to 15.30 had no effect upon serum progesterone levels, although it did result in increased titers of both serum LH and prolactin at 15.30. Ovariectomy on day 7 of lactation resulted in lowered levels of serum progesterone at 11.00 on day 11 of lactation and abolished the suckling-induced increase in serum progesterone concentrations. These findings suggest that in the lactating hamster (1) suckling bouts stimulate progesterone secretion from the ovaries, and (2) the diurnal rise in serum progesterone levels is stimulated in part by the increase in serum levels of LH.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034241"}
{"pmid": "1034242", "title": "Neonatal hydrocortisone: effect of the development of the stress response and the diurnal rhythm of corticosterone.", "content": "Neonatal hydrocortisone: effect of the development of the stress response and the diurnal rhythm of corticosterone. Neonatal rats were given s.c. injections of 1 mg of hydrocortisone acetate, and the effect on the subsequent development of the pituitary-adrenal response to ether stress and the development of the circadian rhythm in adrenal and serum corticosterone (B) was investigated. Following exposure to ether, adrenal steroids were elevated in 11-day-old controls. The response did not appear in treated animals until 25 days. At this age, the time-course of response to ether in the adrenal was more sluggish in hormone-treated rats. After stress, serum corticoids were high in controls at 20 days; however, this rise did not appear in treated rats until 25 days. Serum corticoids, 5-60 min after ether, tended to be lower in 25-day-old runts than in controls. The diurnal rhythm in serum B first appeared in controls at 27 days and in treated animals at 30 days. The rhythm in adrenal corticoids appeared in both groups at 30 days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034242"}
{"pmid": "1034243", "title": "Effect of neuroleptic drugs on mouse jumping induced by L-DOPA in amphetamine treated mice.", "content": "Effect of neuroleptic drugs on mouse jumping induced by L-DOPA in amphetamine treated mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034243"}
{"pmid": "1034246", "title": "Anterior segment ischemia and sector iris atrophy: after strabismus surgery in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.", "content": "Anterior segment ischemia and sector iris atrophy: after strabismus surgery in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A 69-year-old woman with chronic lymphocytic leukemia developed segmental iris atrophy and iridocyclitis after routine surgery for exotropia. Both the clinical picture and fluorescein angiogram indicated anterior segment ischemia. It is postulated that this was related to hyperviscosity of the blood caused by a high white blood cell count (114,000/cu mm). The possibility of anterior segment ischemia should be kept in mind when contemplating strabismus or retinal detachment surgery in the presence of hematologic disorders likely to increase blood viscosity. In these cases a minimal amount of surgery should be done with proper supportive therapy. Strabismus surgery should be done in stages allowing for hemodynamic compensation between procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034246"}
{"pmid": "1034248", "title": "Histological findings in infantile otoantritis.", "content": "Histological findings in infantile otoantritis. The histopathological findings in the granulation tissue removed at mastoidectomy from 34 infants between 1971 and 1974 are described. Granulation tissue was present in every case, characterized by the histological features of chronic inflammation and fibrosis (sclerosis), although the process was of short duration. The great number of thick fibers was a surprising finding. To prevent fibrosis (sclerosis) to develop later on, it is advisable to operate as early as indicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034248"}
{"pmid": "1034249", "title": "Emergency repair of traumatic drum tears.", "content": "Emergency repair of traumatic drum tears. Tympanic membrane tears have been found in about 20% of casualties in modern combat (war of October 1973). Repair of the tears that do not seem to have the optimal chances for spontaneous healing should be undertaken during the first few days of trauma. This prompts healing, prevents complications, and obviates the need for future intervention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034249"}
{"pmid": "1034250", "title": "Symptoms and signs of acute maxillary sinusitis.", "content": "Symptoms and signs of acute maxillary sinusitis. Symptoms and signs of acute maxillary sinusitis have seldom been specifically analyzed. Since there is a gradual transition from rhinitis to sinusitis it can be expected that many symptoms are common for the two diseases. However, since sinusitis requires drainage measures and/or antibiotic treatment, both of which seldom are actual for rhinitis, the differential diagnosis is important. The present investigation confirms most of the symptoms presented previously in textbooks. However, most of these sympatoms which conventionally are supposed to indicate sinus disease were found to be just as common in radiologically normal sinuses and in sinuses with pronounced changes. The subjective or objective finding of purulent nasal secretion was more helpful in the differentiation between rhinitis and sinusitis. It appears that the patient's symptoms do not constitute a reliable diagnostic basis for the confident differentiation between the two diseases. The simplest and least discomfortable means of demonstrating sinusitis is by radiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034250"}
{"pmid": "1034247", "title": "Scanning electron microscopy of the endolymphatic sac epithelium.", "content": "Scanning electron microscopy of the endolymphatic sac epithelium. In this study, scanning electron micrographs of the dog endolymphatic sac surface epithelium are presented. According to our morphological findings, three portions were recognized, the proximal, intermediate and distal part. The intermediate or 'rugose' portion was found the most differentiated where two types of cells were identified. These cells were seen to have many of the criteria for fluid absorption and phagocytosis. In man, alteration in the ability of these cells may lead to endolymphatic hydrops.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034247"}
{"pmid": "1034275", "title": "Medical education at Teheran University: An evaluation of study habits and students' attitudes.", "content": "Medical education at Teheran University: An evaluation of study habits and students' attitudes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034275"}
{"pmid": "1034276", "title": "The role of prostagandins in the control of uterine blood flow.", "content": "The role of prostagandins in the control of uterine blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034276"}
{"pmid": "1034277", "title": "Variability of blood pressure in normal and abnormal pregnancy.", "content": "Variability of blood pressure in normal and abnormal pregnancy. Using an automatic indirect method of measurement, diurnal blood  pressure patterns have been studied in normal and hypertensive pregnancies. In the last trimester, normotensive and hypertensive pregnant subjects show small but significant increases of blood pressure that develop especially during the evening and night. This change is more clear-cut for the systolic than the diastolic pressure. The tendency to a relatively greater increased pressure at night is exaggerated in preeclampsia. This fact explains earlier observations of a dimunution of the nocturnal fall of blood pressure in preeclampsia. In very severe preeclampsia, the nocturnal increase of blood pressure may be so exaggerated as to reverse the normal diurnal blood pressure pattern. These changes have been documented sequentially, and their implications are discussed briefly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034277"}
{"pmid": "1034279", "title": "Alterations during postnatal period in the secretory responsiveness of the sweat glands in rats to mecholyl.", "content": "Alterations during postnatal period in the secretory responsiveness of the sweat glands in rats to mecholyl. A study was made to know the alterations in the secretory responsiveness of the plantar and palmar sweat glands to local administration of mecholyl in rats during postnatal period. Nonresponsiveness of the plantar and palmar sweat glands to mecholyl was observed in 0- to 16-day-old and 0- to 10-day-old rats, respectively. After the nonresponsive period, a gradual increase in the responsiveness to mecholyl was observed in the plantar sweat glands. In the palmar sweat glands, however, a rapid increase followed by a temporary decrease and a subsequent gradual increase in the secretory responsiveness to mecholyl was found. This temporary decrease in the secretory responsiveness was observed on days soon after weaning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034279"}
{"pmid": "1034280", "title": "Climbing fiber evoked potassium release in cat cerebellum.", "content": "Climbing fiber evoked potassium release in cat cerebellum. K+-selective micropipettes were used to measure the extracellular K+-signal associated with the activation of a single Purkinje cell, via a climbing fiber (CF). The maximum K+-signal had a magnitude of 0.3 - 0.5 mM and was correlated with a positive all-or-none extracellular potential. The ionic signal was of the same order of magnitude as that evoked from a population of Purkinje cells by local stimulation of a parallel fiber beam. The large size of the CF-evoked K+-response supports the concept of dendritic spikes under these conditions and may be relevant to CF function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034280"}
{"pmid": "1034281", "title": "Paradoxical changes of respiratory rate elicited by altering rostral brain stem temperature in the pigeon.", "content": "Paradoxical changes of respiratory rate elicited by altering rostral brain stem temperature in the pigeon. Intermittent panting was induced in conscious pigeons by exposure to warm ambient conditions. Cooling of the rostral brain stem elicited temporary increases of respiratory rate, the extent of which depended on precooling respiratory rate and body temperature, respectively. Hypothalamic heating elicited a temporary suppression of intermittent panting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034281"}
{"pmid": "1034278", "title": "Responses of Purkinje cells in rabbit nodulus and uvula to natural vestibular and visual stimuli.", "content": "Responses of Purkinje cells in rabbit nodulus and uvula to natural vestibular and visual stimuli. 1. The responses of Purkinje cells and presumed mossy fibers to natural stimulation of the horizontal semicircular canals were recorded in the nodulus and uvula of rabbit vestibulocerebellum. Units responding to vestibular stimulation were also studied with visual stimulation. 2. The responses of presumed mossy fibers were of the Type I and Type II varieties and were characterized by a low threshold for angular acceleration and high sensitivity. 3. Purkinje cell responses were divided into two groups: The first group showed only modulation of simple spike activity during rotation. According to the directionality of their responses to rotation, Purkinje cells of the first group could be further subdivided into Types I, II or III; Type II was the most frequently encountered. The second group showed modulation of both simple spike and climbing fiber activity. The simple spike response most frequently encountered was of Type II while the climbing fiber activity in the same Purkinje cells responded in the Type I mode. In another population of Purkinje cells of this group, simple spike activity was modulated by rotation in one direction only. All Purkinje cell responses had relatively high thresholds and low sensitivities. 4. Some Purkinje cells responding to rotation showed direction-selective modulation of climbing fiber discharge in response to slowly moving visual patterns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034278"}
{"pmid": "1034273", "title": "The importance of perinatal care.", "content": "The importance of perinatal care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034273"}
{"pmid": "1034274", "title": "Perinatal mortality and morbidity in breech deliveries at the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta.", "content": "Perinatal mortality and morbidity in breech deliveries at the Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034274"}
{"pmid": "1034283", "title": "Lingual blood flow and its hypothalamic control in the dog during panting.", "content": "Lingual blood flow and its hypothalamic control in the dog during panting. 1. The effects of increased ambient temperature (Ta) on blood-flow and -temperatures of the tongue were studied in the unanaesthetized dog. At Ta of 20 degrees C and a relative humidity (rh) of 30% the mean lingual blood flow was 11 ml-min-1 (0.15 ml-g-1-min-1) and the temperature difference between the lingual artery and vein (deltaTLAV) was 1.0 degrees C. Accordingly, a heat loss of 48.6 J-min-1 was calculated even for the dog breathing with the mouth closed. When Ta was elevated to 38 degrees C at constant rh, panting ensued. In parallel fashion lingual blood flow increased to 60.4 ml-min-1 (0.81 ml-g-1-min-1) in mean and to 74.7 ml-min-1 (0.99 ml-g-1-min-1) at peak rate of thermal tachypnoea (272 breaths-min-1). This flow increase resulted from a decrease in the local vascular resistance since the driving systemic pressure remained constant. It was accompanied by an increase in TLAV to 1.5 degrees C equivalent to a heat loss of 400.7J-min-1 in mean and 496.2J-min-1 at maximum respiratory rate. 2. The preoptic/anterior hypothalamic (PO/AH) region was heated with a water perfused thermode in urethane anaesthetized dogs at constant body temperature in order to study the relationship in time between the increase in lingual blood flow and the onset of thermal panting. Lingual blood flow was found to be 20 ml-min-1 at a respiratory rate of 60 breaths/min. During hypothalamic heating both respiratory rate and lingual blood flow increased markedly. At maximum respiratory rates (244 breaths-min-1) lingual blood flow reached a level of 60 ml-min-1. When perfusion of the thermode was stopped, both respiratory rate and lingual blood flow synchronously returned to control values within 5 min. Similar changes did not occur in dogs in which a ventilatory response failed to be elicited during hypothalamic heating. 3. The results suggest that the tongue contributes to the evaporative heat loss mechanism and they confirm the concept that panting, associated with increased lingual blood flow, is induced by a common autonomic outflow pattern which is mediated by the central mechanism controlling thermal homeostasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034283"}
{"pmid": "1034282", "title": "Determination of glomerular intracapillary and transcapillary pressure gradients from sieving data. 3. The effects of angiotensin II.", "content": "Determination of glomerular intracapillary and transcapillary pressure gradients from sieving data. 3. The effects of angiotensin II. The effects of the intrarenal infusion of synthetic Asn1, val 5 angiotensin II (AII) (from 0.38 to 1 mug min-1) on the determinants of glomerular filtration have been studied. The intracapillary and transcapillary pressure gradients along the capillaries, together with 2 parameters characterizing the porosity of the membrane in terms of pore theory (r, radius of the pores and Ap/1, total pore area per unit of path length) were calculated from the analysis of the sieving curve of I125 PVP molecules (polyvinylpyrrolidone) according to a biomathematical model previously described. AII increased PGC, the intracapillary hydrostatic pressure, but more at the efferent end of the capillaries. Filtration pressure equilibrium was maintained. AII also decreased the water permeability coefficient, Kf. by decreasing Ap/1, r remaining constant. Our results were compared to those obtained from the direct measurements of PGC, using micropuncture techniqles in hydropenic and plasma loaded rats. The complete agreement between the two approaches confirms the validity of the method based on the analysis of the sieving data of neutral macromolecules to calculate the determinants of GFR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034282"}
{"pmid": "1034287", "title": "The optical spike. Structure of the olfactory nerve of pike and rapid birefringence changes during excitation.", "content": "The optical spike. Structure of the olfactory nerve of pike and rapid birefringence changes during excitation. 1. Electron microscope studies on the olfactory nerve of the pike revealed a population of 4.2 million, densely packed unmyelinated nerve fibres; 95% are small fibres (average diameter 0.19 mum, narrow modal class), 5% are larger (average diameter 0.6 mum). Each fibre is bounded by an axonal membrane with a bilayer structure (80 A thickness). 2. The olfactory nerve is birefringent (negative with respect to fibre axis) and shows at 20 degrees C an average retardation R = 23 mn. The birefringence becomes more negative on lowering the temperature. 3. With the passage of an action potential a rapid, transient increase of retardation--the optical spike-- occurs; deltaR = 0.04 nm. The optical spike corresponds to the time course of structural changes in the axon membrane during excitation; it begins later, peaks earlier and decays more quickly than the voltage changes as recorded externally in the present study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034287"}
{"pmid": "1034284", "title": "Activation of anaerobic metabolism in cat skeletal muscle during cholinergic sympathetic vasodilatation.", "content": "Activation of anaerobic metabolism in cat skeletal muscle during cholinergic sympathetic vasodilatation. Phosphorylase activity was found to increase 2-fold as compared with the control value (79% and 39% respectively) within the first 2-3 s of the vasomotor effect elicited in the skeletal muscle by sympathetic stimulation. Phosphorylase activity was still high during the period of maximum blood flow, although to a lesser extent (54% and 45%). During the phase of restoration of the initial rate of blood flow the values of phosphorylase activity were the same in the experimental and the control sample. The AMP content did not increase with the initiation of the vasomotor effect, and this fact suggests that the increase in phosphorylase activity is due to an increase in phosphorylase \"a\" rather than to the activation of phosphorylase \"b\" by AMP. Atropine blocks both the dilator effect and phosphorylase activation elicited by sympathetic stimulation. Acetylcholine, injected intraarterially or added to a muscle homogenate, increases phosphorylase activity. It is concluded that acetylcholine, released by sympathetic nerve endings, performs a second mediator function, that of activating anaerobic metabolism in the skeletal muscle. The two mediator functions of acetylcholine seem to be spatially delimited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034284"}
{"pmid": "1034285", "title": "Blood flow and transport of free fatty acids in striated muscle under chronic ischemia.", "content": "Blood flow and transport of free fatty acids in striated muscle under chronic ischemia. Three weeks of ischemia of the right hind limb in rat produced by ligature and severing of the right common iliac artery, resulted in changes in FFA transport and blood flow in the regenerating tibialis muscle. FFA transport was measured using i.v. administered palmitate-1-14C bound to albumin. Uptake of palmitate-1-14C or 86Rb 90 s after i.v. administration was decreased in ischemic tibialis muscle, whereas no apparent effect of ischemia on the contralateral muscle was seen. Plasma FFA outflow rate measured according Beker and Rostami was not affected by the presence of an ischemic extremity in comparison with control animals. The plasma FFA inflow rate into the ischemic muscle was markedly decreased to values of 6.5 mmumoles FFA/min/g whereas in control animals values were 18.8 mmumoles FFA/min/g wet tissue. Decreased FFA inflow rate to the ischemic tibialis muscle was due to the decreased radioactivity of palmitate-1-14C in the muscle under the conditions of a constant plasma FFA pool. Differences in the uptake of palmitate-1-14C in tibialis muscle were dependent upon the muscle blood flow, which was markedly decreased in the ischemic muscle on indirect measurement with 86Rb or with the 133Xe clearance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034285"}
{"pmid": "1034288", "title": "Phase-plane analysis of action potentials in uterine smooth muscle.", "content": "Phase-plane analysis of action potentials in uterine smooth muscle. Action potentials were recorded by microelectrode from narrow strips of pregnant rat uterus in vitro. The phase-plane display (V vs dV/dt) of selected action potentials was analysed by the method of Jenerick (1964) to yield the ionic current. From this membrane current data, various parameters of the action potential were calculated. In comparison to skeletal muscle action potentials, the ionic currents were 30-100 times smaller in the uterus action potential. Epinephrine hyperpolarized the resting potentials and suppressed spontaneous activity, but did not cause any significant changes in the stimulated action potential. The after-potential may have been affected by epinephrine, preventing repetitive firing, but the data were inconclusive. The phase-plane analysis results were similar to the results of the double sucrose gap voltage clamp method on the same tissue (Kao and McCullough, 1975).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034288"}
{"pmid": "1034292", "title": "Sheared DNA fragment sizing: comparison of techniques.", "content": "Sheared DNA fragment sizing: comparison of techniques. DNA fragmented by conventional French press shearing procedures (30,000 lbs/in2) has a number-average fragment size of 230 base pairs. This is considerably smaller than the 450 base pairs typically reported for DNA sheared by this method. Comparison of 5 sizing techniques indicates that sheared DNA fragment size is overestimated by either measurement of velocity sedimentation or Kleinschmidt Electron Microscopic visualization. Both adsorption grid electron microscopic visualization and gel electrophoresis yield the most reliable estimates of the mean size of small DNA fragment populations. In addition, the assessment of fragment size distribution (not possible from sedimentation analysis) potentially allows more critical evaluation of DNA hybridization and reassociation kinetic and measurement parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034292"}
{"pmid": "1034293", "title": "The subunit structure of chromatin from Physarum polycephalum.", "content": "The subunit structure of chromatin from Physarum polycephalum. Nucleosome DNA repeat lengths in Physarum chromatin, determined by nuclease digestion experiments, are shorter than those observed in most mammalian chromatin and longer than those reported for chromatin of certain other lower eukaryotes. After digestion with staphylococcal nuclease for short periods of time an average repeat length of 190 base pairs is measured. After more extensive digestion an average repeat length of 172 base pairs is measured. Upon prolonged digestion DNA is degraded to an average monomer subunit length of 160 base pairs, with only a small amount of DNA found in lengths of 130 base pairs or smaller. Mathematical analysis of the data suggests that the Physarum nucleosome DNA repeat comprises a protected DNA segment of about 159 base pairs with a nuclease-accessible interconnecting segment which ranges from 13 to 31 base pairs. The spacing data are compatible with measurements from electron micrographs of Physarum chromatin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034293"}
{"pmid": "1034303", "title": "Poor intrauterine growth and juvenile hypothyroidism.", "content": "Poor intrauterine growth and juvenile hypothyroidism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034303"}
{"pmid": "1034304", "title": "Chronic intermittent ethyl alcohol inhalation and avoidance learning.", "content": "Chronic intermittent ethyl alcohol inhalation and avoidance learning. Weanling male and female rats were chronically exposed to alcohol for 50 days using an intermittent inhalation technique which does not cause alcohol dependency. After 17 days of no exposure to alcohol, animals began two-way active avoidance testing. Results indicated that males were impaired on this task and females were not while at the same time males had reduced body weights. The male weight reduction was not responsible for the avoidance impairment. It was concluded that impaired avoidance learning following chronic esposure to alcohol is not specific to dependency models of animal alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034304"}
{"pmid": "1034307", "title": "Flavonoids of some species of Sedum.", "content": "Flavonoids of some species of Sedum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034307"}
{"pmid": "1034305", "title": "Effects of lesions of the caudate nucleus on morphine dependence in the rat.", "content": "Effects of lesions of the caudate nucleus on morphine dependence in the rat. Naloxone-precipitated withdrawal and oral self-administration of morphine were compared in norphine-dependent caudate-lesioned and sham animals. The lesion failed to suppress any signs of withdrawal in the dependent-lesioned animals as compared with the shams. However, the dependent-lesioned animals self-administered less morphine that their sham controls. The withdrawal results differed from others previously reported and it was hypothesized that the possibility of development of processes compensatory to the lesion among animals of this experiment, might account for the difference. The results were also discussed in relation to possible dissociation of mechanisms governing physical dependence and self-administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034305"}
{"pmid": "1034306", "title": "Microbiological transformations of steroids. III. Transformation of progesterone to androstadienedione by the mycelia and by non-germinating spores of two fungi.", "content": "Microbiological transformations of steroids. III. Transformation of progesterone to androstadienedione by the mycelia and by non-germinating spores of two fungi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034306"}
{"pmid": "1034308", "title": "Indirect effects of footshock stress and coping on alcohol consumption of food-deprived and non-deprived rats.", "content": "Indirect effects of footshock stress and coping on alcohol consumption of food-deprived and non-deprived rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034308"}
{"pmid": "1034310", "title": "Pulmonary radiation reaction in the treatment of carcinoma of the breast.", "content": "Pulmonary radiation reaction in the treatment of carcinoma of the breast. Chest roentgenograms were performed regularly before and a long time after radiotherapy in 157 patients with cancer of the breast. Radiation-induced parenchymal changes were demonstrated in 73 per cent of the patients and pleural effusions in about 10 percent. Total regression of the parenchymal changes were extremely rare, but a slight decrease in the volume of the affected lung was normal. The radiation-induced pleural effusion had no special characteristics, but, with one exception, it occurred simultaneously with radiation-induced parenchymal infiltrates, and it did not increase in quantity in any case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034310"}
{"pmid": "1034313", "title": "Effect of prostaglandins on 3H-thymidine uptake into human epidermal cells in vitro.", "content": "Effect of prostaglandins on 3H-thymidine uptake into human epidermal cells in vitro. Prostaglandins A2, B1, E1, E2, F1alpha and F2alpha were added to cultures of human epidermal cells (keratinocytes) for 24 hours at 37 degrees C, and the effects on 3H-thymidine uptake into DNA was measured. At 70 mu/ml all prostaglandins tested except PGF2alpha inhibited the uptake of 3-thymidine greater than 50%. However, at 35 mug/ml, PGA2 and PGB1 were the only two prostaglandins to show significant inhibition, 96% and 51% respectively. At 17.5 mug/ml only PGA2 caused substantial inhibition, 68%. In order to determine if the PGA2 action was mediated by membrane receptors propranolol, phentolamine, metiamide and prostynoic acid were added in conjunction with PGA2. None of the above receptor antagonists were able to reduce the PGA2-induced inhibition of 3H-thymidine uptake. These results indicate that the pre-incubation of human keratinocytes  with prostaglandins for 24 hours results in a decrease of 3H-thymidine incorporation in DNA. The precise mechanism of action is unknown at this time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034313"}
{"pmid": "1034309", "title": "Daily self-reports on activities, life events, moods, and somatic changes during the menstrual cycle.", "content": "Daily self-reports on activities, life events, moods, and somatic changes during the menstrual cycle. Thirty-three undergraduate students (11 males, 11 females taking oral contraceptives, and 11 females not taking oral contraceptives) filled out daily self-reports on pleasant activities, stressful events, moods, and somatic changes for 35 consecutive days. By randomly assigning each male a \"pseudo\" cycle, the data were analyzed to compare the three samples across the three phases of the menstrual cycle. The results indicated that males reported somewhat more stable but less positive experiences than females. While males reported a stable, low level of pain and water retention throughout the study, both female samples reported increases during the premenstrual and menstrual phases. Reports of negative affect, impaired concentration, and stressful events did not differ by samples, but significant sample by cycle interactions reflected differential increases in the two female samples during the premenstrual and menstrual phases. Subsequent analyses indicated that the experience of stressful events accounted for more of the variance than did cycle phase for these negative mood factors, but not for pain and water retention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034309"}
{"pmid": "1034311", "title": "Evaluation of the proper photographic density range of Lodose mammography.", "content": "Evaluation of the proper photographic density range of Lodose mammography. An underexposed or overexposed mammogram can make it impossible for the radiologist to arrive at the proper diagnosis and may cause unnecessary radiation exposure to the patient. The range of photographic densities that can result in properly exposed, underexposed, or overexposed mammograms when the Lodose system is used has been determined. This study should be of significant value to technologists who do mammography on a routine basis and to those involved in mass screening programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034311"}
{"pmid": "1034316", "title": "Control of ethanol withdrawal symptoms in mice by phenytoin.", "content": "Control of ethanol withdrawal symptoms in mice by phenytoin. Mice were made physically dependent upon ethanol using either of two methods which involved ethanol vapor inhalation. Following the cessation of exposure to ethanol, the severity of handling-induced convulsions and changes in the response to an electric foot shock (startle reflex) were recorded. Animals given isotonic saline or propylene glycol:ethanol vehicle during withdrawal exhibited handling-induced convulsions, and ethanol (2.0-4.0 g/kg) or phenytoin (5-20 mg/kg) administration during withdrawal resulted in a reduction in the severity of these convulsions. A reduced startle reflex threshold was also evident during withdrawal in mice given isotonic saline or propylene glycol:ethanol vehicle. Ethanol (0.5-4.0 g/kg) or phenytoin (10-20 mg/kg) administration during withdrawal resulted in a significant elevation of the startle reflex threshold compared to control animals. The results are discussed as they relate to others obtained in experimental and clinical studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034316"}
{"pmid": "1034334", "title": "Aplastic anaemia with 'hot pockets'.", "content": "Aplastic anaemia with 'hot pockets'. 4 patients with chronic severe aplastic anaemia and with persistent foci of intense haematopoietic activity, so-called 'Hot Pockets', in their bone marrow were studied. In all patients the remainder of the bone marrow was morphologically and erythrokinetically hypoplastic. The cellular morphology in these 'Hot Pockets' displayed megaloblastic features and definite maturation abnormalities in erythroblasts, but no consistent changes in the myeloid or megakaryocytic series. The presence of persistent 'Hot Pockets' presents a conceptual challenge since these pockets contain multipotential stem cells capable of differentiation and self-renewal, but obviously incapable of repopulation of the bone marrow. In view of additional evidence for dyserythropoiesis in aplastic anaemia such as changes in erythroblast morphology and the production of macrocytes, fetal haemoglobin and complement sensitive cells, it seems likely that the bone marrow of aplastic anaemia patients is totally dyserythropoietic rather than hypoactive and that bone marrow transplantation in many cases may be both justified and necessary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034334"}
{"pmid": "1034335", "title": "Electrophysiological techniques for the study of urethral and vesical innervation.", "content": "Electrophysiological techniques for the study of urethral and vesical innervation. A new electrophysiological technique for the study of urethral and vesical innervation is reported. The method gives valuable information on the structural integrity and function of two of the reflex arcs involved in micturition. Normal and pathological patterns are described, illustrating the diagnostic value of the method in the assessment of neurogenic disturbances of bladder and urethral function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034335"}
{"pmid": "1034336", "title": "A critical review of recent adoption, twin, and family studies of schizophrenia: behavioral genetics perspectives.", "content": "A critical review of recent adoption, twin, and family studies of schizophrenia: behavioral genetics perspectives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034336"}
{"pmid": "1034337", "title": "Commentary on \"a critical review of recent adoption, twin, and family studies of schizophrenia: behavioral genetics perspectives\".", "content": "Commentary on \"a critical review of recent adoption, twin, and family studies of schizophrenia: behavioral genetics perspectives\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034337"}
{"pmid": "1034338", "title": "Twins--still our best method.", "content": "Twins--still our best method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034338"}
{"pmid": "1034339", "title": "Progress in research on the genetics of schizophrenia.", "content": "Progress in research on the genetics of schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034339"}
{"pmid": "1034347", "title": "Professions and social background: the work organisation of general practitioners.", "content": "Professions and social background: the work organisation of general practitioners.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034347"}
{"pmid": "1034333", "title": "Limbic electrical activity alterations during experimental neurosis in adult cats.", "content": "Limbic electrical activity alterations during experimental neurosis in adult cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034333"}
{"pmid": "1034355", "title": "Geographic distribution of premature nurseries in the United States.", "content": "Geographic distribution of premature nurseries in the United States.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034355"}
{"pmid": "1034356", "title": "A simple radioimmunoassay for plasma cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol (17, 21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3, 20-dione).", "content": "A simple radioimmunoassay for plasma cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol (17, 21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3, 20-dione). A simple procedure for the measurement of cortisol and 11-deoxycortisol in plasma or serum is described. One-half ml. of plasma is extracted with methylene chloride. Separation of cortisol and deoxycortisol is achieved by a Sephadex LH-20 mini-column. The assay itself is achieved by the use of a commercially available cortisol kit employing rabbit anti-cortisol coated tubes. This antibody exhibits a 20% crossreactivity with 11-deoxycortisol. This procedure is extremely useful in the assessment of a pituitary-adrenal reserve in the Metyrapone test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034356"}
{"pmid": "1034358", "title": "Stimulation of hamster and human lymphocyte cultures by soluble egg antigens (SEA) of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni.", "content": "Stimulation of hamster and human lymphocyte cultures by soluble egg antigens (SEA) of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni. Soluble egg and adult worm antigen preparations of Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni were tested in hamster and human lymphocyte cultures. Primed lymphocytes from infected donors showed a marked blastogenic response to the homologous antigens. A cross-reactivity to the heterologous antigens was seen especially in S. mansoni infected hamsters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034358"}
{"pmid": "1034357", "title": "Quantitative changes in the metabolism of 20alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one by rat hypothalamus and pituitary during proestrus.", "content": "Quantitative changes in the metabolism of 20alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one by rat hypothalamus and pituitary during proestrus. The in vitro conversion of 20alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20alpha-DHP) by medial basal hypothalamus and anterior pituitary was investigated throughout the day of proestrus in the 4-day cyclic rat. Reverse isotopic dilution analysis was utilized to quantitate the substrate remaining and three metabolic products: 20alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-3-one, 5alpha-pregnane-3alpha,20alpha-diol and progesterone. Serum levels of 20alpha-DHP, progesterone, LH and FSH were measured by radioimmunoassay. Conversion of 20alpha-DHP to its 5alpha-reduced metabolites (20alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-3-one and 5alpha-pregnane-3alpha,20alpha-diol) by the pituitary was constant throughout proestrus except for a significant decrease at 1600 h, near the end of the critical period. Although 5alpha-reduction of 20alpha-DHP by the hypothalamus fluctuated, it was relatively high at 1600 h and was lowest at 1400 h. Small amounts of progesterone (less than2%) were formed but there was not variation with time. The decrease in pituitary enzymic activity coincided with the time when serum levels of LH, FSH and progesterone were increasing but not with later times when the elevated serum levels were maintained. Thus, there may be endogenous regulation of 5alpha-reductase and 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in rat pituitary and perhaps hypothalamus on the afternoon of proestrus. The regulation and subsequent effects of quantitative changes in 5alpha-reduction of 20alpha-DHP by pituitary and hypothalamus remain to be elucidated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034357"}
{"pmid": "1034364", "title": "Flying clouds: an illusion of visual capture and distance reversal.", "content": "Flying clouds: an illusion of visual capture and distance reversal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034364"}
{"pmid": "1034346", "title": "Interviewing in Goa: methodological issues in the study of a bilingual culture.", "content": "Interviewing in Goa: methodological issues in the study of a bilingual culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034346"}
{"pmid": "1034360", "title": "Nd:Yag laser.", "content": "Nd:Yag laser.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034360"}
{"pmid": "1034359", "title": "Closed-circuit television magnification of fluorescein angiography.", "content": "Closed-circuit television magnification of fluorescein angiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034359"}
{"pmid": "1034363", "title": "Transmission of vaccinia virus from vaccinated milkers to cattle.", "content": "Transmission of vaccinia virus from vaccinated milkers to cattle. An infection of cattle by transmission of vaccinia virus from milkers vaccinated against small pox is reported. Six vaccinia virus strains could be isolated from the vaccinal lesions localized on the nipples of the udder. Serological reactions with samples collected from diseased cows demonstrated the presence of HAI antibodies and made evident their kinetics at a 2-week-interval.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034363"}
{"pmid": "1034376", "title": "Effects of polyamines and analogs on staphylococcal nuclease.", "content": "Effects of polyamines and analogs on staphylococcal nuclease. The promoting activity of polyamine analogs (IV approximately XV) on staphylococcal nuclease with DNA as the substrate was compared with that of natural polyamines (I APPROXIMATELY III): I. NH2(CH2)3NH(CH2)4NH(CH2)3NH2(spermine); II. NH2(CH2)3NH(CH2)3NH(CH2)3NH2(thermine); III. NH2(CH2)4NH2 (putrescine); IV. CN(CH2)2NH(CH2)4NH(CH2)2CN; V. HOOC(CH2)2NH(CH2)4NH(CH2)2COOH; VI. C2H5OOC(CH2)2NH(CH2)4NH(CH2)2COOC2H5; VII. HO(CH2)3NH(CH2)4HH(CH2)3OH; VIII. CH3COHH(CH2)3NH(CH2)4NH(CH2)3NHCOCH3; IX. C2H5NH(CH2)3NH(CH2)4NH(CH2)3NHC2H5; X. NH2(CH2)3S(CH2)4S(CH2)3NH2; XI. NH2(CH2)3NH(CH2)2O(CH2)2NH(CH2)3NH2; XII. NH2(CH2)3NCH3(CH2)4HCH3(CH2)3NH2; XIII. CN(CH2)2NCH3(CH2)4NCH3(CH2)2CN; XIV. (CH3)2N(CH2)3NCH3(CH2)4NCH3(CH2)3N(CH3)2; XV. NH2(CH2)2O(CH2)2NH2 Replacement of the terminal groups by CN, COOH, COOEt, NHAc, NHEt, or N(CH3)2 remarkably decreased the activity. The compound VII with terminal hydroxyl groups had a lower promoting activity at low concentrations, but revealed higher activity at higher concentrations and, in contrast to spermine, no inhibition at all even at very high concentrations. Replacement of both internal amino groups by sulfur or NCH3 decreased the activity. The introduction of an ether bond into the internal methylene groups (compound XI) highly decreased the activity. Based upon these findings the possible relationship between structure and activity is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034376"}
{"pmid": "1034378", "title": "Different glycosubstances and galactans in the albumin gland and eggs of Achatina fulica.", "content": "Different glycosubstances and galactans in the albumin gland and eggs of Achatina fulica. In saline extracts from the eggs and the albumin gland of the snail Achatina fulica 3 different forms of glycosubstances have been found by using heterophile precipitins from different sources: 1. An alkali-stable galactan reacting with the anti-galactans from Axinella polypoides sponge and from the clam Tridacna maxima (Tridacnin) and with Concanavalin A. 2. Another glycosubstance giving cross-reactions with a second precipitin from Axinella polypoides, with the lectin from Ricinus communis, with murine myeloma anti-galactan, with pneumococcus Type XIV antiserum and with Tridacnin. 3. The second precipitin from Axinella polypoides detects a third glycosubstance, which reacts with the lectins from Abrus precatorius and wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034378"}
{"pmid": "1034384", "title": "Adaptation of calcium absorption from the small intestine of dairy cows to changes in the dietary calcium intake and at the onset of lactation.", "content": "Adaptation of calcium absorption from the small intestine of dairy cows to changes in the dietary calcium intake and at the onset of lactation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034384"}
{"pmid": "1034383", "title": "The effect of antioxidants on the production of volatile nitrosamines during the frying of bacon.", "content": "The effect of antioxidants on the production of volatile nitrosamines during the frying of bacon. In model system studies simulating the frying of bacon a considerable variation in the production of N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NOPyr) has been observed, as occurs in sliced bacon fried conventionally. The inclusion of ascorbate or erythorbate (isoacorbate) has led consistently to a fall in or an elimination of NOPyr production up to an addition of 300 ppm (1,5 mM). Above this concentration of ascorbate, the elimination of NOPyr formation persisted in some instances but in others an increased production of the nitrosamine occurred. Using alpha-tocopherol, a fall of NOPyr production during the simulated frying of bacon was obtained with increase of concentration of the antioxidant, there being a consistent elimination of the volatile nitrosamine following an additionof 500 ppm (1.16 mM). Whilst ascorbyl palmitate had a similar action in reducing or eliminating NOPyr production, no synergistic effect between it and alpha-tocopherol was noted in an experiment combining the two antioxidants. When bacon was fried in fat containing 400 or 800 ppm alpha-tocopherol, the total production of NOPyr and DMN in the fried bacon, cooked out fat and condensate was markedly reduced but not completely eliminated as in the model system studies. Similarly, the curing of bacon with a brine containing a mixture of alpha-tocopherol, ascorbyl palmitate and citric acid has led to considerable reductions in NOPyr and DMN output on frying when the combined concentrations of the two anti-oxidants were calculated to be 800 ppm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034383"}
{"pmid": "1034391", "title": "Glaucine: development of tolerance and morphine-like physical dependence in animals.", "content": "Glaucine: development of tolerance and morphine-like physical dependence in animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034391"}
{"pmid": "1034385", "title": "Some aspects of reproduction in fat-tailed sheep in subtropics. II. Seasonal variation in ovarian activity.", "content": "Some aspects of reproduction in fat-tailed sheep in subtropics. II. Seasonal variation in ovarian activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034385"}
{"pmid": "1034394", "title": "Anthropology of the inhabitants of Uttar Pradesh in India.", "content": "Anthropology of the inhabitants of Uttar Pradesh in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034394"}
{"pmid": "1034393", "title": "The effect of alcohol administration during pregnancy on concentration of noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the brain of offspring of mice [proceedings].", "content": "The effect of alcohol administration during pregnancy on concentration of noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in the brain of offspring of mice [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034393"}
{"pmid": "1034392", "title": "The cerebral GABA, beta-alanine, lysine and ethanolamine content and conversion of 14C from U 14C D glucose into their molecule during emotional stress in rats; effect of pyrithioxin and diazepam pretreatment.", "content": "The cerebral GABA, beta-alanine, lysine and ethanolamine content and conversion of 14C from U 14C D glucose into their molecule during emotional stress in rats; effect of pyrithioxin and diazepam pretreatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034392"}
{"pmid": "1034439", "title": "Dependence of Sertoli cell maturation on the pituitary gland in the mouse.", "content": "Dependence of Sertoli cell maturation on the pituitary gland in the mouse. Postnatal development of the Sertoli cell population was studied in testes taken from newborn mice and implanted into the testes of normal hypophysectomized and testosterone-treated hypophyturation of the Seroti cell complement of each specimen was judged by two criteria: (1) the proportion of Sertoli cells exhibiting a nucleolonema; (2) the prevalence of specialized inter-Sertoli cell junctions. In these respects implants recovered from normal hosts did not differ from sibling controls of the same age. Sertoli cells in implants recovered from hypophysectomized hosts retained the features observed in newborn controls, indicating that maturation of the Sertoli cells is dependent on normal pituitary function. Implants recovered from testosterone-treated hypophysectomized hosts exhibited a degree of Sertoli cell development intermediate between those recovered from the other two host categories.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034439"}
{"pmid": "1034440", "title": "Factors involved in immunization program for swine influenza.", "content": "Factors involved in immunization program for swine influenza. The decision to undertake a nationwide program of vaccination against swine influenza requires assessment of the status of immunity of those in various age groups in our population against this agent. Pools of serum were collected from persons born in the years from 1889 to 1943; they were tested for hemaggultinin inhibiting (HI) antibody against the HSW 1N1 influenza virus strains isolated in 1931 and 1976. The titers secured serve as an indication of the average level of immunity of those of different ages. Persons less than 43 years of age are found to be without antibody protection. The need for vaccination of people in different age groups based on mortality statistics of previous epidemics is evaluated. It is realized that no epidemic may occur and that a reduced virulence of the viral agent and use of antibiotics may reduce the death rate if the infection recurs. The extraordinary high mortality in 1918 in people between 15 and 44 years of age deserves recognition together with the fact that those in the same age group are now without protection. The fact that women of childbearing age fall into this group deserves special consideration in view of increased mortality in puerperal women observed in the pandemics of 1918 and 1957. The degree of protection afforded the newborn by transplacental transmission of maternal antibodies is discussed. The need of increasing the level of immunity in those who have varying titers of HI antibodies is considered in relation to the prevalence of cardiopulmonary complications and other chronic diseases in older subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034440"}
{"pmid": "1034441", "title": "A sausage-associated outbreak of trichinosis in Illinois.", "content": "A sausage-associated outbreak of trichinosis in Illinois. Twenty-three of 50 members of an extended Dutch-German family and their close friends who ate raw homemade summer sausage became ill with trichinosis; 12 patients were hospitalized for an average of 10 days each. The sausage had been made in three different batches according to an old family recipe. One of the batches made from USDA-inspected pork was found to contain Trichinella spiralis larvae by two Illinois State laboratories. The other two batches were negative. Seventeen of the 23 patients submitted information on medical expenses incurred and wages lost because of the outbreak. These costs totaled almost $20,000. There is need for a nationwide program for controlling trichinosis in swine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034441"}
{"pmid": "1034442", "title": "Autochthonous dermal leishmaniasis in Texas.", "content": "Autochthonous dermal leishmaniasis in Texas. Over a 2-year period two cases of dermal leishmaniasis of special interest were recognized in Texas. The first occurred in 1972 in a 74-year-old woman who had residences in Dilworth and Gahzales, Gonzales County, and the other was in a 56-year-old man from Kenedy, Karnes County, in 1974. Both cases were biopsy- and culture-positive, and the second patient exhibited anti-Leishmania antibodies by indirect immunofluorescent antibody and direct agglutination tests. Epidemiologic investigation revealed no association between the two cases and suggested that both patients had acquired their infections locally in southern Texas. Moreover, serologic evidence of Leishmania infection was uncovered in a neighbor of the second case and in 3 dogs living nearby. Potential sylvatic reservoirs and arthropod vectors of the disease are resident in the area. Epidemiologic data suggest that dermal leishmaniasis is endemic in south-central Texas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034442"}
{"pmid": "1034443", "title": "Fine structure of schistosome eggs as seen through the scanning electron microscope.", "content": "Fine structure of schistosome eggs as seen through the scanning electron microscope. Through a scanning electron microscope the eggs of Schistosoma japonicum were observed to have microvili-like chitinous projections densely distributed and entangled on the surface, each more than 3 mu in length and 0.05 to 0.08 mu in diameter. The microspines of eggs of S. mansoni and S. haematobium were found to be thicker, shorter, and less widespread than were those of S. japonicum eggs, and not entangled. It is noteworthy that such small projections on the surface of schistosome eggs remain erect in the critical point drying procedure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034443"}
{"pmid": "1034444", "title": "After smallpox eradication: yaws?", "content": "After smallpox eradication: yaws? The WHO-coordinated Smallpox Eradication Program (SEP) has reduced the number of smallpox-endemic countries from 30 to 1, and now expects to complete the eradication of smallpox after a 10-year campaign. Campaigns to eradicate yaws were begun in the early 1950's with WHO and UNICEF support, and have greatly reduced the prevalence of that disease. Yaws has not yet been eradicated from any large geographic area, however, and is already resurgent in some countries. Some of the differences between the two diseases and available control measures are discussed. The thesis of this paper is that yaws programs have been deficient in failing to aggressively seek and contain yaws cases and contacts after mass treatment campaigns reduced yaws prevalence to low levels. It is further suggested that by using a modified SEP-type strategy to focus investigation and control efforts on infections yaws cases and their contacts, and by taking advantage of new methods to obtain more accurate diagnosis of yaws cases in the field, it should be possible to control yaws more effectively and efficiently, and perhaps to eradicate it. Outstanding barriers to yaws eradication are also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034444"}
{"pmid": "1034449", "title": "Erythropoiesis in the yolk sac of the bat Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala.", "content": "Erythropoiesis in the yolk sac of the bat Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala. The process of erythropoiesis and vasculogenesis in the yolk sac of the bat (Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala) has been studied through the use of both light and electron microscopy. Stem cells arise from the leading edge of the migrating splanchnic mesoderm and transform into primitive erythroblasts. Differentiation involves either contact or association with the endodermal cells, since all erythropoietic activity occurs on the endodermal side of the expanding vascular bed, and many of the cells are in close apposition to the lateral or basal plasma membranes of the endodermal cells. Endodermal cells also phagocytize developing primitive erythroblasts during the later stage of the process when erythropoiesis is subsiding in the yolk sac. Cells destined to become the endothelium of the expanding vascular bed also arise from the leading edge of the migrating splanchnic mesoderm. Their process of differentiation involves the development of cytoplasmic extensions that may surround a group of differentiating erythroblasts, enclosing them in the newly formed lumen of the blood vessel. The cytoplasmic extensions make contact and develop junctional complexes with similar processes from other cells to complete the lumen of the lengthening vascular bed. Cells of the granulocyte series or megakaryocytes are not observed in the yolk sac of the bat as has been described in certain other species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034449"}
{"pmid": "1034450", "title": "Structural characterization and rapid manual isolation of a reptilian testicular tunic rich in Leydig cells.", "content": "Structural characterization and rapid manual isolation of a reptilian testicular tunic rich in Leydig cells. During the annual breeding season, the testes of the lizard Cnemidophorus gularis are yellow-orange, oviod organs measuring almost 1 cm in greatest diameter. The pigment is confined to the testicular tunic, which contains a zone of Leydig cells and vascular channels more than 50 mu thick. Leydig cells constitute approximately 60% of the zone, with remaining space occupied by capillaries, sinusoids, and lymphatic vessels. Lymphatics are concentrated at the interface between tunic and seminiferous tubules. Interstitial space is poorly developed among the tubules, accounting for less than 3% of tissue volume. Capillaries, lymphatics, and few widely scattering Leydig cells occur in the sparse interstitial space. Leydig cells in the tunic and elsewhere in the testis show ultrastructural features commonly found in mammalian Leydig cells. Separation of the tunic from the seminiferous tubules is achieved in a few seconds by manual decapsulation of the testis and yields an enriched preparation of Leydig cells that is essentially uncontaminated by tubular elements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034450"}
{"pmid": "1034453", "title": "The temporal pattern of feeding over the oestrous cycle of the mouse.", "content": "The temporal pattern of feeding over the oestrous cycle of the mouse. The detailed temporal pattern of feeding in female mice was measured by an automated method over the oestrous cycle whilst feeding on either of two foods differing in stimulus characteristics, but of similar calorific value. The total time spent feeding varied systematically over the cycle, being increased for sweet food and decreased for laboratory chow at the time of sexual receptivity. and increased for both foods towards the end of the cycle. The temporal pattern is analysed into a number of variables, which are seen to alter in different ways over the oestrous cycle. The pro-oestrus disturbance is due to alterations in meal size brought about solely by changes in mean bout length, themselves products of variations in the initial bouts of the meal. Inter-meal interval is unrelated to changes in meal size at this time, allowing the latter to affect food intake. The changes towards the end of the cycle are produced by alterations of meal frequency at constant meal size. It is argued that separable 'phasic' and 'tonic' effects of reproductive condition on feeding may therefore be identified, and that they might possibly have different functions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034453"}
{"pmid": "1034452", "title": "Bovine lymphocyte antigens: serological relationships with erythrocyte and spermatozoan antigens.", "content": "Bovine lymphocyte antigens: serological relationships with erythrocyte and spermatozoan antigens. Bovine lymphocytotoxicity tests with 20 unabsorbed bovine blood group sera revealed extensive reactivity which in the majority of cases had no indication of blood group relationship. Six of these sera were absorbed with selected lymphocytes to produce eleven antisera of reduced specificity. Again, most of the sera had reaction patterns which could not be related to the hemolytic patterns of any known blood group antibodies. However, five comparisons involving unabsorbed antisera and two comparisons involving absorbed antisera provided statistical evidence of similarities between their lymphocytotoxic reaction patterns and the hemolytic reaction patterns of certain blood group antibodies. Several of the sera appeared to contain related cytotoxic specificities, and three such absorbed sera may have contained an anti-J specificity. All six examined monospecific isoimmune blood group antisera contained lymphocytic reactivities not related to their hemolytic specificities. Two normal sera containing naturally occurring anti-J had no cytotoxic activity. Anti-semen sera likewise were devoid of lymphocytotoxic activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034452"}
{"pmid": "1034455", "title": "Isolation of Blastomyces dermatitidis from pigeon manure.", "content": "Isolation of Blastomyces dermatitidis from pigeon manure. We recently diagnosed and treated a 45-year-old white male horticulturist with acute progressive blastomycosis. Epidemiologic studies revealed that the patient used a load of pigeon manure as fertilizer approximately 6 weeks before becoming ill. He used the pigeon manure only once, resealed the remainder, and stored it in his hothouse. Samples of the pigeon guano were digested with 10 per cent KOH, and the characteristic yeast forms of Blastomyces dermatitidis were seen in large numbers. The fungus was cultured from another sample of the same material. This is the first time that the pathogenic fungus B. dermatitidis has been isolated from the environment in association with a human case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034455"}
{"pmid": "1034458", "title": "Genetic control of serum hemopexin.", "content": "Genetic control of serum hemopexin. Serum hemopexin was studied in a sample of twin pairs. Among monozygotic twin pairs a high concordance was found for serum hemopexin. This zygosity group analysis of variance also showed a significantly lower variance within than between pairs. The results indicate that the concentration of serum hemopexin is strongly influenced by genetic factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034458"}
{"pmid": "1034459", "title": "Incubation of double labelled coproporphyrinogen with chicken red cell haemolysates, chemical and TLC fractionation of extracts.", "content": "Incubation of double labelled coproporphyrinogen with chicken red cell haemolysates, chemical and TLC fractionation of extracts. Further evidence is presented for the enzymic conversion of protoporphyrinogen to protoporphyrin by observing the loss of 3H counts by 3H and 14C labelled coproporphyrinogen when incubated in chicken red cell haemolysates. Use was made of chemical and TLC fractionation of porphyrin extracts after incubation and a loss of half the 3H was again found. Evidence is presented for the role of harderoporphyrinogen as a natural intermediate in this conversion. The relevance of the findings in the porphyrias, and in particular variegate porphyria, is discussed. It is suggested that the enzymic process involved in the conversion of protoporphyrinogen to protoporphyrin may be deficient in variegate porphyria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034459"}
{"pmid": "1034460", "title": "Serum growth hormone and free fatty acid levels in heifers and cows before, during and after parturition.", "content": "Serum growth hormone and free fatty acid levels in heifers and cows before, during and after parturition. A large number of blood samples was taken from the jugular vein of 18 cows or heifers during parturition, especially during stage II. In 9 animals an increase in serum growth hormone was observed and the peak occurred within the period which began when the forelegs of the calf became visible in the vulva, and ended a few minutes after expulsion of the calf. In typical cases, the growth hormone peak was preceded by a progressive increase, and followed by a gradual decrease in the hormone level. The total duration of the phenomenon amounted to a few hours. During the days before and after parturition, no change in growth hormone concentration could be noted. The serum free fatty acid values were high during parturition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034460"}
{"pmid": "1034463", "title": "Changes in haemoglobin and antigenic constitution of erythrocytes during embryonic and postembryonic chick development.", "content": "Changes in haemoglobin and antigenic constitution of erythrocytes during embryonic and postembryonic chick development. Between the 18th and 20th day of incubation, the proportion of haemoglobin F (Hb F) synthesis decreases in the embryo bone marrow from the value found in the yolk sac (10% of the total haemoglobin synthesis) to the value found in the bone marrow of young chicks (2%). A similar drop in Hb F synthesis is observed with a delay of 48 hours in the blood. Two membrane antigens each specific of either embryo or adult erythrocytes have been detected. The study by immunofluorescence of their cellular distribution shows that 3 erythrocyte populations are successively produced: a population E bearing the embryonic antigen only, a population EA bearing both antigens and a population A bearing the adult antigen only. The presence of a relatively high proportion of Hb F in population E is strongly suggested by the similar kinetics of Hb F and E cells disappearance within the first posthatching month.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034463"}
{"pmid": "1034462", "title": "Origin of erythropoietic stem cells in avian development: shift from the yolk sac to an intraembryonic site.", "content": "Origin of erythropoietic stem cells in avian development: shift from the yolk sac to an intraembryonic site. Haemopoietic stem cells are currently considered as deriving exclusively from the embryonic yolk sac in birds and mammals. A new experimental approach has been devised: quail embryonic bodies are grafted on to chick yolk sacs before establishment of circulation, and allowed to develop. The proportions of quail and chick erythrocytes in the circulating blood are assayed through a differential immunohaemolysis technique. Up to 10 days of incubation, grafted quails have 80 to 95% chick erythrocytes. Between 10 and 13 days, quail erythrocytes appear in increasing proportions making up as much as 80% of the red blood cells in some embryos. Morphological analysis reveals that chick cells colonize transiently the spleen of grafted embryos between 10 and 12 days, and undergo erythropoiesis in that organ. However at 13 days chick cells have disappeared from the spleen of grafted embryos. It is concluded that yolk sac stem cells are capable of colonizing intraembryonic organs, but do not do permanently and that there is an intraembryonic source of definitive erythropoietic stem cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034462"}
{"pmid": "1034467", "title": "Antifungal properties of electrically generated metallic ions.", "content": "Antifungal properties of electrically generated metallic ions. A qualitative and quantitative investigation was undertaken to study the susceptibility of unicellular eucaryotic organisms (yeasts) to metallic cations generated by low levels of direct current. Results were characteristic of effects obtained previously using clinical and standard bacteria test organisms. The present study demonstrated that anodic silver (Ag(+)) at low direct currents had inhibitory and fungicidal properties. Broth dilution susceptibility tests were made on several species of Candida and one species of Torulopsis. Growth in all isolates was inhibited by concentrations of electrically generated silver ions between 0.5 and 4.7 mug/ml, and silver exhibited fungicidal properties at concentrations as low as 1.9 mug/ml. The inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of electrically generated silver ions are lower than those reported for other silver compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034467"}
{"pmid": "1034464", "title": "Mouse foetal development: translational inactivation of globin genes during the terminal differentiation of yolk sac erythroid cells.", "content": "Mouse foetal development: translational inactivation of globin genes during the terminal differentiation of yolk sac erythroid cells. The molecular mechanism of globin genes inactivation has been explored at the translational level in yolk sac erythroid cells from mouse foetuses. Ageing of the messenger molecules is paralleled by a progressive decrease of the poly(A) tail. Poly(A) less messengers are less active when tested in a wheat germ cell free system and become uncapable to terminate globin chain elongation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034464"}
{"pmid": "1034465", "title": "Restorative effects of different embryonic cells transplanted into immunodeficient chick embryos.", "content": "Restorative effects of different embryonic cells transplanted into immunodeficient chick embryos. Cyclophosphamide-treated 18-day chicken embryos were transplanted with cells from different organs of histocompatible embryonic donors. The cells transplanted include cells from the bursa of Fabricius, spleen, bone marrow, thymus or liver of 15- and 18-day embryos and yolk sac cells from 9, 11, 13, 15 and 18-day embryos. To evaluate the reconstitution capacity of the cells transplanted, gain of body weight, weight and microscopic morphology of the lymphoid organs and antibody forming capacity to sheep red blood cells and Brucella were assessed at the age of five weeks. According to all the criteria employed, bursa cells were the only cells capable of a functional and morphological reconstitution of the recipient's humoral immune system. Cells from the embryonic spleen, bone marrow, thymus, liver or yolk sac had no reconstituting effect, indicating that these organs do not harbor precursors for the B-cell lineage. Taken together with other observations, these findings reveal that, as a differentiation site of the B-cell lineage, the bursa of Fabricius precedes the bone marrow during ontogenetic development, and furthermore, that the role of the yolk sac as the first generator of prebursal stem cells must be questioned.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034465"}
{"pmid": "1034471", "title": "Two feminized male American Indians.", "content": "Two feminized male American Indians. Two American Indian males are described who wish to change sex. Both appear to be anatomically normal; one is a monozygotic twin. In both cases, feminine identification began very early in life. In both cases, there were early acceptance and positive reinforcement of the feminine behavior. These two males and the environment in which they live are contrasted with the anthropological literature published decades ago describing the unique Indian tribal role played by feminized males.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034471"}
{"pmid": "1034474", "title": "Stress and increase of the corticosterone level prevent imprinting in ducklings.", "content": "Stress and increase of the corticosterone level prevent imprinting in ducklings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034474"}
{"pmid": "1034475", "title": "Social behaviour of testosterone-injected male ducklings in the presence of oestrogen-treated females.", "content": "Social behaviour of testosterone-injected male ducklings in the presence of oestrogen-treated females.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034475"}
{"pmid": "1034477", "title": "Purification of an exo-beta-D-glucanase from cell-free extracts of Candida utilis.", "content": "Purification of an exo-beta-D-glucanase from cell-free extracts of Candida utilis. beta-Glucanase present in cell-free extracts from Candida utilis was isolated and purified 562-fold by procedures that include adsorption on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and filtration through columns of Sephadex G-50, G-100 and G-200, Bio-Gel P-10, and Concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B. The purified enzyme appeared homogeneous on polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and in ultracentrifugation studies (S20,w = 1.74S). The enzyme behaved as an acidic glycoprotein (pI4.1) with 68% carbohydrate and a high content of acidic amino acids. The mol.wt. was estimated to be 20000 from gel filtration and polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and 36000 from sedimentation experiments. Studies on the hydrolysis of different substrates showed that the enzyme is an unspecific beta-glucanase able to break down both (1 leads to 3)-eta- and (1 leads to 6)-beta-linkages by an exo-splitting mechanism. Glucono-delta-lactone, Zn2+ and Hg2+ inhibited the enzyme activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034477"}
{"pmid": "1034478", "title": "Inactivation of dihydrofolate reductase in vitro by binding to microsomal membranes.", "content": "Inactivation of dihydrofolate reductase in vitro by binding to microsomal membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034478"}
{"pmid": "1034479", "title": "Dopamine--adaptive uptake changes in striatal synaptosomes after 30 sec of shock-induced fighting.", "content": "Dopamine--adaptive uptake changes in striatal synaptosomes after 30 sec of shock-induced fighting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034479"}
{"pmid": "1034466", "title": "Migration of yolk sac cells to thymus grafts: requirement of prior sojourn in bone marrow (or liver?).", "content": "Migration of yolk sac cells to thymus grafts: requirement of prior sojourn in bone marrow (or liver?). The migration of CBA/HT6T6 haemopoietic cells (adult bone marrow, embryonic liver or yolk sac) to established thymus grafts, in CBA/H 60-day neonatally thymectomized hosts, shows that all three cell types can migrate and divide within the grafts, albeit yolk sac cells appear later after cell injection. This last observation suggested possible intermediate steps, i.e. a sojourn in bone marrow (or liver in the embryos). When the same experiments were performed in hosts that had been pre-treated with 100 muCi of 89Sr (a bone seeking isotope), it was observed that marrow and embryonic liver cells still could migrate to thymus and subsequently generate a population of competent T lymphocytes, while yolk sac cells were incapable of such migration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034466"}
{"pmid": "1034480", "title": "Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Friedreich's ataxia.", "content": "Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Friedreich's ataxia. The cardiac findings in two sibs with Friedreich's ataxia are described. The clinical signs were suggestive of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. During left heart catheterization a systolic pressure gradient across the left ventricular outflow tract could be provoked by an infusion of isoprenaline. Left ventricular angiocardiograms and echocardiograms showed gross thickening of the interventricular septum. In one patient a systolic anterior movement of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve was seen. The importance of serial echocardiographic examination for patients with Friedreich's ataxia is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034480"}
{"pmid": "1034482", "title": "Components of the haemostatic mechanism at birth in pre-eclampsia with particular reference to fetal growth retardation.", "content": "Components of the haemostatic mechanism at birth in pre-eclampsia with particular reference to fetal growth retardation. A comparative study of proteinuric pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy has been carried out to assess changes in the haemostatic mechanism in maternal and umbilical vein blood at birth. The results demonstrated changes in pre-eclampsia compatible with hypercoagulability with, in particular, depressed fibrinolysis. No strong pattern of differences from normal pregnancy or pre-eclampsia emerged when growth retarded infants were studied as a separate group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034482"}
{"pmid": "1034483", "title": "The ultrastructure of the arterial supply of the human placenta in pregnancy complicated by fetal growth retardation.", "content": "The ultrastructure of the arterial supply of the human placenta in pregnancy complicated by fetal growth retardation. The ultrastructure of the arterial supply of the human placenta was studied in 15 pregnancies with severe fetal growth retardation. There were five patients with essential hypertension and superimposed pre-eclampsia, five patients with pre-eclampsia, and five patients with no hypertension. The patients were delivered by elective Caesarean section and biopsies of the placental bed were taken under direct vision. Extensive placental infarction was invariably present and the degree of infarction reflected the extent of pathological changes in the spiral arteries. In both hypertensive and normotensive patients the spiral arteries and basal arteries of the decidua showed occlusive atheromatous lesions with considerable fibrin deposition and accumulation of lipid-laden cells in both the intima and media of the vessel walls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034483"}
{"pmid": "1034481", "title": "Motor activity changes in scrapie-affected mice.", "content": "Motor activity changes in scrapie-affected mice. Measurements of spontaneous motor activity using Animex equipment have been made throughout the incubation period in mice developing scrapie. A progressive fall in activity has been noted from an early stage in the disease process well before clinical signs of scrapie were evident. The initial fall was followed by an upsurge in activity at about the time when clinical signs of disease develop.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034481"}
{"pmid": "1034485", "title": "Glycogen degradation during migration of presumptive cell types in Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "Glycogen degradation during migration of presumptive cell types in Dictyostelium discoideum. During the time course of differentiation in Dictyostelium discoideum, glycogen was found to accumulate from the amoebae stage to the culmination stage of development. Upon sorocarp formation (23 h), glycogen was rapidly degraded. Ultramicrotechniques, utilizing amplification of glycogen by enzymatic cycling, were used to follow glycogen metabolism in pre-stalk and prespore cells during the differentiation cycle. Both cell types accumulated glycogen at nearly the same rate. By the pseudoplasmodium stage of development glycogen had accumulated to 50% of its maximum value, and no differences were found between pre-stalk and pre-spore cells. Glycogen was degraded as pre-stalk cells migrated into the position for stalk construction. At the culmination stage of development stalk cells near the base were devoid of glycogen while pre-stalk cells near the apex of the stalk showed no loss of glycogen. The complete loss of glycogen from stalk cells occurred over a distance occupied by approximately 100 cells, and over a time period of approx. 1 h. Pre-spore cells at the culmination stage showed no loss of glycogen even though separated from stalk cells by only a thin cellulose sheath. The degradation of prespore cell glycogen did not commence until stalk construction was completed and the pre-spore mass had reached the apex of the stalk. Pre-spore cells at the culmination stage contained high levels of glycogen while only 2 h later, total degradation had occurred.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034485"}
{"pmid": "1034492", "title": "Psychological problems of students.", "content": "Psychological problems of students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034492"}
{"pmid": "1034487", "title": "Identification of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1alpha formed from arachidonic acid in bovine seminal vesicles.", "content": "Identification of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1alpha formed from arachidonic acid in bovine seminal vesicles. The prostaglandin synthesizing system in bovine seminal vesicles was characterized by a radiometric assay. Two main products were formed from [1-14C]-arachidonic acid, and their structures were confirmed by mass spectrometry. The less polar product was identical with prostaglandin E2 and the more polar one was identical with a new prostaglandin, i.e., 6-ketoprostaglandin F1alpha.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034487"}
{"pmid": "1034490", "title": "Live television transmission of transurethral and open pelvic surgery with reproduction a a big screen.", "content": "Live television transmission of transurethral and open pelvic surgery with reproduction a a big screen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034490"}
{"pmid": "1034491", "title": "Noxytiolin and peritoneal adhesion formation.", "content": "Noxytiolin and peritoneal adhesion formation. Clinical and experimental studies have suggested that intraperitoneal noxytiolin prevents adhesion formation. A reliable experimental animal model was therefore established and the effect of noxytiolin on adhesion formation was evaluated in a controlled trial using 80 rats. All 40 rats given Ringer solution developed adhesions, whereas in 7 out of 40 given noxytiolin no adhesions were found (P less than 0-02). Noxytiolin reduced both the total and the mean number of adhesions formed (P less than 0-2) and their mean length of attachment (P less than 0-05). The anti-adhesive effect of noxytiolin may be due to its anticoagulant, cytotoxic or antibacterial properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034491"}
{"pmid": "1034486", "title": "Induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase by flutamide, a non-steroidal antiandrogen.", "content": "Induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase by flutamide, a non-steroidal antiandrogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034486"}
{"pmid": "1034484", "title": "The effect of different diets including those containing soya-bean products, on digesta movement and water and nitrogen absorption in the small intestine of the pre-ruminant calf.", "content": "The effect of different diets including those containing soya-bean products, on digesta movement and water and nitrogen absorption in the small intestine of the pre-ruminant calf. 1. Preruminant calves, fistulated in the abomassum and distal ileum, were given by infusion into the abomasum, at intervals of 2-3 d, single experimental feeds of cow's milk or a synthetic milk diet in which the protein source was casein or a soya-bean product. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and phenol red were included as markers. 2. After infusion of the experimental feed, measurements were made of transit time from proximal duodenum to distal ileum and mean ileal flow-rates for the first 3 and 21 h after food residues reached the distal ileum. PEG recoveries for these two periods and net nitrogen absorption up to the distal ileum were also determined. In some experiments sodium, potassium and magnesium concentrations and numbers of viable bacteria in ileal digesta were determined. 3. Measurements of passage of digesta, recovery of marker and net N absorption did not differ greatly between calves given cow's milk and the synthetic milk diet containing casein. Compared to the casein-based diet, a diet based on heated soya-bean flour given to a calf for the first or second time produced a somewhat higher ileal flow-rate and a significantly lower net N absorption. Net N absorption was even lower when a calf received a diet containing unheated soya-bean flour. 4. Calves given the diet containing heated soya-bean flour on several occasions appeared to develop a sensitivity to the flour, and after further feeds containing it they had significantly higher rates of ileal flow (accompanied by correspondingly high rates of Na and K flow), lower small intestine transit times and lower net N absorption values than similarly fed unsensitized calves. They also had significantly lower rates of passage of marker in the first few hours after food residues reached the ileum, indicating inhibition of abomasal emptying. Over all, the changes indicated a severe disturbance in digestive function which was not caused by abnormal bacterial growth and may have been due to a gastrointestinal allergy. 5. Diets prepared from water-extracted flour and from soya-bean-protein isolate also led to digestive disturbances in sensitized calves, but those containing concentrates prepared by extracting soya-bean meal with hot aqueous ethanol did not.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034484"}
{"pmid": "1034497", "title": "Comparative zone electrophoresis of catalase of Staphylococcus species isolated from mammalian skin.", "content": "Comparative zone electrophoresis of catalase of Staphylococcus species isolated from mammalian skin. Vertical polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis was conducted for the catalase enzymes of representative strains of 18 proposed species and subspecies of the genus Staphylococcus. The catalase bands which resulted were predominantly monomorphic within each of the species and differences in catalase mobilities were observed between many of the species. The electrophoretic mobilities of the catalases were supportive to the scheme of classification used. Many strains of certain species demonstrated multiple catalase bands which are suggestive of multimolecular forms of the enzyme. Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis of representative strains of S. capitis produced catalase bands with relative mobilities that were different from those obtained with polyacrylamide electrophoresis, presumably due to a difference in molecular sieving between the gels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034497"}
{"pmid": "1034493", "title": "High affinity uptake in neuronal and glial cells.", "content": "High affinity uptake in neuronal and glial cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034493"}
{"pmid": "1034498", "title": "Activation and killing of Dictyostelium discoideum spores with urea.", "content": "Activation and killing of Dictyostelium discoideum spores with urea. The optimal conditions for activation of Dictyostellium discoideum spores are an 8 M urea treatment for 30 min. The lag between activation and swelling is 45 min. Lower concentrations of urea do not activate entire spore populations. Incubating spores in 8 M urea for 60 min or treatment with 10 M urea for 30 min results in a lengthening of the post-activation lag and a decrease in the final percentage of germination. Urea-activated spores can be deactivated by azide, cyanide, osmotic pressure, and low-temperature incubation. Activated spores do not germinate if incubated in 1 M urea for 24 h but will complete germination upon resuspension in urea-free buffer. Shocking spores at 45 degrees C in 8 M urea or incubating spores in 4-8 M urea for 10 h at 23.5 degrees C causes inactivation. When suspended in urea-free buffer, a larger percentage of these dead spores release spheroplasts through a longitudinal split in the spore case. Sequential enzyme treatment of spheroplasts with cellulase and pronase causes them to release lysable protoplasts. The data of these experiments suggest that shedding of the outer and middle wall layers during physiological spore swelling may be a physical process rather than an enzymatic one.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034498"}
{"pmid": "1034499", "title": "Pre- and postoperative echocardiographic features of discrete subaortic stenosis.", "content": "Pre- and postoperative echocardiographic features of discrete subaortic stenosis. In two patients with discrete membranous subaortic stenosis, partial early systolic closure of the aortic valve was noted on the preoperative record. Postoperatively, this abnormality was found to be less pronounced. Narrowing of the left ventricular outflow tract was seen in the preoperative tracing in each patient. Echocardiograms taken after resection of the subaortic membrane showed widening of the left ventricular outflow tract as compared with the preoperative tracing. Thus, echocardiography may be of value in distinguishing between discrete subaortic stenosis and other forms of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034499"}
{"pmid": "1034500", "title": "Organization of the ribosomal RNA genes of Dictyostelium discoideum: mapping of the nontranscribed spacer regions.", "content": "Organization of the ribosomal RNA genes of Dictyostelium discoideum: mapping of the nontranscribed spacer regions. Most of the Dictyostelium ribosomal nontranscribed spacer DNA has been mapped using Eco R1, Hind III, and Sal I restriction digests and recombinant plasmids containing parts of the rDNA (ribosomal DNA). The repeat units are at least 42 kb (1 kilobase = 1000 base pairs = 1 kb) long; of this, 8 kb codes for the 36S rRNA precursor. The repeat units give a homogeneous pattern of Sal I, Eco R1, and Hind III restriction fragments. The repeats could be linked by a heterogeneous region in the nontranscribed spacer, not tandemly repeated, or linked in a more complicated structural arrangement. The total rDNA comprises at least 18% of the nuclear DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034500"}
{"pmid": "1034502", "title": "Studies on vasculitis. VII. C-reactive protein as a substance perpetuating chronic vasculitis. Occurrence in lesions and concentrations in sera.", "content": "Studies on vasculitis. VII. C-reactive protein as a substance perpetuating chronic vasculitis. Occurrence in lesions and concentrations in sera. Previous findings were confirmed that C-reactive protein (C-RP) occurs in some vasculitis lesions, particularly those infiltrated mainly by neutrophils (necrotizing vasculitis). The C-RP was usually in lesions also containing complement C1 or C3c, and in some, IgG was present. Using a procedure that reliably detected 200 ng C-RP/ml serum, C-RP was found in sera of many normal persons, and the amount was influenced by the occupation of the donor. Sera of thirty-one persons with vasculitis with mainly mononuclear cell-infiltrated lesions had about four-fold more C-RP (mean 28, 200 ng/ml serum) than found in normal persons, and sera of thirty-nine persons with mainly neutrophil-infiltrated lesions had eight times the normal amount (mean 56,400 ng C-RP/ml). The amount of C-RP was influenced by the severity, extent and duration of the disorder in most patients. Experimental data suggests that C-RP may contribute to the perpetuation of inflammation in chronic vasculitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034502"}
{"pmid": "1034501", "title": "The synthesis of immunoglobulins by lymphoid cells in the sheep. The contribution made by the lymphoblasts to the total immunoglobulin and antibody production by lymphoid cells of the popliteal node during a secondary response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide.", "content": "The synthesis of immunoglobulins by lymphoid cells in the sheep. The contribution made by the lymphoblasts to the total immunoglobulin and antibody production by lymphoid cells of the popliteal node during a secondary response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034501"}
{"pmid": "1034494", "title": "Organization of brainstem behavioral systems.", "content": "Organization of brainstem behavioral systems. A review of recent literature suggests that the brainstem may play a more fundamental role in the elaboration of adaptive behaviors than has often been assumed. This view is indicated by current reports documenting the substantial behavioral repertoire of decerebrate animals and by the recent findings that electrical stimulation of localized areas in all major levels of the brainstem can induce complex and coordinated behaviors, including eating, grooming and attack. Indeed, behaviors elicited from sites in the caudal brainstem evidence unexpected goal specificity and stimulus control over response topography. Additional neuroanatomical and behavioral data are reviewed which further implicate caudal brainstem networks in process of reward and aversion. From these and other findings it is argued that integrating mechanisms for the expression of many aspects of species-characteristic behaviors are intrinsic to the brainstem. In line with this view, rostral hypothalamic-limbic mechanisms, while perhaps contributing refinement to the integration of behaviors, may best be viewed as phylogenetically newer control mechanisms making the expression of species-characteristic behaviors subordinate to additional class of exteroceptive and interoceptive stimuli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034494"}
{"pmid": "1034534", "title": "Rhabdomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord.", "content": "Rhabdomyosarcoma of the spermatic cord.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034534"}
{"pmid": "1034533", "title": "Physical dependence in the rat induced by slow release morphine: dose-response, time course and brain biogenic amines.", "content": "Physical dependence in the rat induced by slow release morphine: dose-response, time course and brain biogenic amines. 1. Physical dependence was induced in rats by administration of a slow release morphine emulsion (morphine SR), and assessed by scoring abstinence signs and temperature changes after i.p. administration of naloxone (5 mg/kg). Three groups of rats received doses of 75, 100 or 150 mg/kg of morphine SR. Dependence was evaluated in each of these groups after 24, 48 and 72 h. 2. The effect of these treatments at the different times on brain levels of serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, noradrenaline and dopamine was determined. 3. A ceiling level of dependence was reached 24 h after 75 and 100 mg/kg and 48 h after 150 mg/kg of morphine SR. 4. These different treatments produced no significant effect on the brain levels of noradrenaline, dopamine or serotonin. The levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were significantly raised in morphine-dependent rats and the changes correlated well with the changes in abstinence behaviour and temperature after naloxone. 5. The results suggest that a relationship exists between serotonin turnover and physical dependence on morphine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034533"}
{"pmid": "1034550", "title": "Organ culture in teratology.", "content": "Organ culture in teratology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034550"}
{"pmid": "1034551", "title": "Developmental anomalies arising from errors of fertilization and cleavage.", "content": "Developmental anomalies arising from errors of fertilization and cleavage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034551"}
{"pmid": "1034554", "title": "Binding of testosterone in mouse plasma.", "content": "Binding of testosterone in mouse plasma. The binding of testosterone (T) in the plasma of adult male mice was examined using florisil absorption. The binding decreased as the temperature of incubation increased, and was substantially reduced by preheating the plasma at 75 degrees C. The addition of an excess of cold T did not displace 3H-T, and the binding did not depend on the concentration of endogenous T in the plasma. It appears that, under physiological conditions, approximately 60% of the T present in the peripheral circulation of male mice is bound to plasma components, probably mostly to albumin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034554"}
{"pmid": "1034555", "title": "Regulation of adenylate cyclase in two rat liver cell lines, 3C4 and 62.", "content": "Regulation of adenylate cyclase in two rat liver cell lines, 3C4 and 62. Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) activities were examined in membrane preparations from two rat liver cell lines (62 and 3C4) which were grown in monolayer cultures. The cells were epithelial-like in growth character. Adenylate cyclase from the line 62 was stimulated by epinephrine, Gpp(NH)p, and prostaglandins A1,A2,E1,E2, and F2alpha, but not by glucagon. Arrhenius plots of adenylate cylase activity from line 62 gave straight lines, except when epinephrine was present in the assay; epinephrine-stimulated activity gave a distinct break at 20 degrees C. Adenylate cyclase activity in line 3C4 was stimulated by glucagon ten times greater than by epinephrine. It was responsive to Gpp(NH)p and all the prostaglandins. Arrhenius plots of adenylate cyclase activity of line 3C4 always gave straight line curves. Prostaglandins flattened the straight line curves (allowed temperature independence) of adenylate cyclase activity in membranes from both cell lines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034555"}
{"pmid": "1034556", "title": "Ectogalactosyltransferase. Presence of enzyme and acceptors on the rat lymphocyte cell surface.", "content": "Ectogalactosyltransferase. Presence of enzyme and acceptors on the rat lymphocyte cell surface. Experiments are described to demonstrate the existence of ectogalactosyltransferase activity on the lymphocyte surface. The procedures described enable us to exclude the possibility of misleading results due to precursor hydrolysis and intracellular utilization of the free galactose. This depicted transferase is able to catalyse the transfer of a galactosyl residue from UDP-galactose to a nonphagocytosable exogenous acceptor and to endogenous membrane acceptors. The cells galactosylated in this way acquired new agglutinating properties with soybean agglutinin, which proves the external position of the galactosyl residues incorporated on the cell surface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034556"}
{"pmid": "1034558", "title": "A functional arginine residue in rabbit-muscle aldolase.", "content": "A functional arginine residue in rabbit-muscle aldolase. Rabbit muscle aldolase is irreversibly modified by the arginine-selective alpha-dicarbonyl, phenylglyoxal, loss of activity correlating with the unique modifications of one arginine residue per subunit, as determined by amino acid analysis, and (7-14C)phenylglyoxal incorporation. The affinity of the modified enzyme for dihydroxyacetone phosphate is significantly reduced while substantial protection against inactivation is afforded by fructose 1,6-disphosphate, dihydroxyacetone phosphate or phosphate ion. The nature of the substrate C-1 phosphate binding site in this enzyme is discussed in the light of these and other results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034558"}
{"pmid": "1034557", "title": "Interference of nucleoside diphosphate derivatives of 2-deoxy-D-glucose with the glycosylation of virus-specific glycoproteins in vivo.", "content": "Interference of nucleoside diphosphate derivatives of 2-deoxy-D-glucose with the glycosylation of virus-specific glycoproteins in vivo. The predominant effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on chick embryo cells infected with Semliki Forest virus is an interference with glycosylation of virus-specific glycoproteins; this results in a block of synthesis of infectious virus. Incorporation of radioactive mannose is blocked severely in the presence of 2-deoxyglucose in the cultural medium although it is readily phosphorylated and subsequently activated by GTP to yield GDP-mannose, which accumulates under these conditions. The intracellular concentrations of GDP-mannose and UDP-N-acetyl-D-hexosamine are not reduced in the presence of the inhibitor. An equimolar concentration of mannose in the cultural medium competes with the inhibitory effect of the deoxysugar and drops the cellular pool of GDP-2-deoxy-D-glucose below the level of detection, at the same time restoring the synthesis of infectious virus. When the intracellular concentration of UDP-2-deoxyglucose is reduced by addition of glucose into the cultural medium the inhibition of virus synthesis by the deoxysugar and the concentration of GDP-2-deoxyglucose within the cells remain near to the values when the inhibitor is present alone. It is concluded that among the metabolites of 2-deoxyglucose which occur in vivo after addition of 2-deoxyglucose to the culture medium, GDP-2-deoxyglucose is the agent responsible for inhibition of glycosylation of viral glycoproteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034557"}
{"pmid": "1034559", "title": "Artificially produced urinary incontinence preparatory to enterocystoplasty of the small tuberculous bladder associated with severe renal insufficiency due to vesico-ureteric reflux. Long-term results.", "content": "Artificially produced urinary incontinence preparatory to enterocystoplasty of the small tuberculous bladder associated with severe renal insufficiency due to vesico-ureteric reflux. Long-term results. The small contracted tuberculous bladder is often associated with vesico-uretenic reflux which, from the resultant ureteric and pelvic dilatation, is responsible in many cases for severe renal insufficiency which contraindicates entercystoplasty. In order to improve kidney function and consequently render plastic enlargement of the bladder feasible, it may be useful to induce complete incontinence of urine by means of wide TUR of the bladder neck extending to the external sphincter. By eliminating back pressure in the urinary tract, incontinence produces a regression of this dilatation and improved renal function. Following enterocystoplasty perfect continence is restored.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034559"}
{"pmid": "1034560", "title": "DNA-binding characteristics of acridinylmethanesulphonanilide drugs: comparison with antitumour properties.", "content": "DNA-binding characteristics of acridinylmethanesulphonanilide drugs: comparison with antitumour properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034560"}
{"pmid": "1034561", "title": "Localization of Mycoplasma pulmonis in mice.", "content": "Localization of Mycoplasma pulmonis in mice. Localization of Mycoplasma pulmonis was examined in mice infected by direct contact with previously infected mice. After contact with infected animals, the organisms were shown to become detectable first in the nasal and oral cavities and trachea on the next day, and then they were recovered from the middle ear and brain after 3 and 4 days, respectively. After 7 days of contact, isolation rates retained to be 100% in the nasal, oral and tracheal cavities, while 95% in the middle ear and brain, 25% in the lung and 20% in the vagina and uterus. The number of colonies was the most numerous from the nasal, uterine and vaginal cavities, followed by the trachea, middle ear, oral cavity, brain and lung in this order, except for a few mice having pneumonic lesions giving a large number of the organisms. The isolation rates with these organs were not changed even after 6 weeks of contact and organisms were never detected from the liver, spleen, kidney and heart. Mice from a naturally infected breeding colony showed similar finding to those sacrificed after 6 weeks of experimental contact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034561"}
{"pmid": "1034562", "title": "Survival of 16-celled and morula stage rabbit embryos frozen to -196 degrees C,.", "content": "Survival of 16-celled and morula stage rabbit embryos frozen to -196 degrees C,. Preimplantation stage (16-celled and morula) rabbit embryos were successfully frozen to -196 degrees C. The cooling rate (from a room temperature to 0 degrees C), the presence of the mucin layer surrounding embryos, the ice-seeding treatment and the thawing procedure were examined to determine their effects on the survival of the frozen embryos of Japanese white, New Zealand white and Dutch-Belted rabbits. A high proportion (51%; 16-celled, 69%; morula) of Dutch-Belted rabbit embryos developed in vitro, when they were frozen to -196 degrees C, applying the ice-seeding at -4 degrees C in the presence of 12.5% DMSO, after being cooled to 0 degrees C at the rate of 7-9 degrees C/min, and were diluted by a stepwise addition of 4 different strength PBS on thawing. The highest rate of in vitro development (81%; Japanese white, 75%; New Zealand white, 82%; Dutch Belted embryos) was obtained when the morula stage embryos were frozen to -196 degrees C applying seeding at -4 degrees C after being cooled to 0 degrees C at the rate of 1 degrees C/2.5 min and were diluted, on thawing, by stepwise addition of 6, 3 and 1% DMSO solution and a culture medium. No great difference was found in the survival rate between the embryos covered with the mucin layer and those which had not the coat. All the embryos frozen without applying seeding treatment failed to develop in vitro after being thawed and diluted. Nine out of 27 does each of which received 6 reimplantations of the embryos frozen-thawed became pregnant and were found to be carrying 37 normal fetuses on the 12th day of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034562"}
{"pmid": "1034573", "title": "A freeze-fracture and concanavalin A-binding study of the membrane of cleaving Xenopus embryos.", "content": "A freeze-fracture and concanavalin A-binding study of the membrane of cleaving Xenopus embryos. The freeze-fracture appearance and concanavalin A-binding capacity of the plasma membrane of cells of the cleaving Xenopus embryo have been examined up to the 16-cell stage. It was found that membrane on the outer surface of the embryo, which faces the vitelline membrane and is remote from cleavage furrows, and membrane in the shallow regions of the furrow possessed a high population of intramembranous particles on the PF-face (1171 per mum2). The EF-face of these membranes showed a lower particle population (245 per mum2). By contrast, membrane deep in the furrow and bounding the blastocoel did not display a face with high particle numbers. Both faces of this membrane, which is newly exposed as the furrow grows, were relatively poorly supplied with particles (93 per mum2). Therefore it appears that, in this tissue, newly added membrane possesses fewer intramembranous particles than the pre-existing membrane. Concanavalin A, as detected cytochemically using peroxidase and haemocyanin techniques, bound extensively to both particle-rich and particle-poor membrane. Thus there was no correlation between intramembranous particle frequency and degree of concanavalin A binding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034573"}
{"pmid": "1034572", "title": "Distribution and mode of arrangement of microfilamentous structures and actin in the cortex of the amphibian oocyte.", "content": "Distribution and mode of arrangement of microfilamentous structures and actin in the cortex of the amphibian oocyte.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034572"}
{"pmid": "1034577", "title": "The development of the Chondrocranium in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus (Waterhouse).", "content": "The development of the Chondrocranium in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus (Waterhouse). 3 -stages of development of the chondrocranium of the golden hamster have been described. The chondrocrania of the gerbil, mouse and white rat have been compared with the chondrocranium of the golden hamster and the main differences noted. In several respects, the chondrocranium of the golden hamster is primitive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034577"}
{"pmid": "1034580", "title": "A developmental study of progesterone, corticosterone, cortisol, and cortisone in the adrenal glands of the embryonic chick.", "content": "A developmental study of progesterone, corticosterone, cortisol, and cortisone in the adrenal glands of the embryonic chick.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034580"}
{"pmid": "1034581", "title": "Identification of cortisol in plasma of the embryonic chick.", "content": "Identification of cortisol in plasma of the embryonic chick.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034581"}
{"pmid": "1034582", "title": "Allosomal and autosomal control of sex ratio in PHH and PHL mice.", "content": "Allosomal and autosomal control of sex ratio in PHH and PHL mice. When male mice from inbred PHH (sex ratio .535) and PHL (.435) are mated to females of various inbred lines, the sex ratio follows the male parent. The sex ratios from litters sired by reciprocal cross F1 males (letting A represent a set of autosomes) are 0.510 from AH/AL, XL/YH and 0.469 from AH/AL, XH/YL. The difference is statistically significant but only half the difference between pure strains. The paternal effect, presumably due to the Y, persists in progeny of the two kinds of F2 males. In backcrosses to the female parent, resulting finally in AH/AH, XH/YL and AL/AL, XL/YH, and in outcrosses, the effect of the Y chromosome does not persist, indicating that neither the Y alone, nor the autosomes alone, will cause the sex ratio to depart significantly from equality of sexes. When pairs of males in all possible combinations were presented with C57BL/6 females mating success gave the following ranking: AH-YL, AL-YL, AH-YH, AL-YH. The combination of autosomes from PHH and Y-chromosome from PHL seems to confer the greatest competitive advantage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034582"}
{"pmid": "1034588", "title": "Nematodes parasitizing domestic ruminants in Afghanistan.", "content": "Nematodes parasitizing domestic ruminants in Afghanistan. A total of 12 nematode species were determined in the collection recovered from domestic ruminants in Afghanistan. Ten of them were found for the first time in this region: Trichocephalus globulosus, Trichostrongylus probolurus, Cooperia bisonis, Nematodirus spathiger, N. abnormalis, Thelazia rhodesi, Bunostomum phlebotomum, Haemonchus contortus, Dictyocaulus filaria and Oesophagostomum radiatum. Morphological and metrical characteristics of T. globulosus, T. skrjabini and C. bisonis, based on our own material, are added.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034588"}
{"pmid": "1034591", "title": "Notes on the distribution of Eimeria dukei Lavier, 1927 in African bats.", "content": "Notes on the distribution of Eimeria dukei Lavier, 1927 in African bats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034591"}
{"pmid": "1034590", "title": "Interspecific affinity among keratinolytic fungi associated with birds.", "content": "Interspecific affinity among keratinolytic fungi associated with birds. Twelve species of keratin decomposers isolated from 923 samples of feathers, nests and pellets of 90 species of free-living birds were clustered in 4 \"econs\" (numerical ecological groups): (A) Artroderma tuberculatum, A. ciferrii, A. multifidum, A. cuniculi (associated with the birds nesting in hollows); (B) Ctenomyces serratus, Arthroderma quadrifidum, Chrysosporium evolceanui (moderately alkalophilic species associated with the birds having a frequent contact with the soil); (C) Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Aphanoascus fulvescens, Chrysosporium tropicum (alkalophilic and hygrophilic species); (D) Arthroderma curreyi, Aphanoascus terreus (the species common in water habitats and associated frequently with exoanthropic birds). Two simple numerical procedures were used and compared: (1) Jaccard's association coefficient, and Sörensen's complete linkage clustering; (2) Forbes's association coeficient adjusted with chi-square, and the 3-linkage clustering technique. The method (2) seemed to be more effective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034590"}
{"pmid": "1034589", "title": "Localization of some enzymes in polycephalic larvae of two species of the genus Multiceps (Cestoda).", "content": "Localization of some enzymes in polycephalic larvae of two species of the genus Multiceps (Cestoda). The histochemical distribution of alkaline phosphatase (AIP), acid phosphatase (AcP) and nonspecific esterase (NE) has been determined in polycephalic larvae of the species Multiceps multiceps Leske, 1870 and M. endothoracicus Kirschenblat, 1948. In the scolex anlages of both species, an activity of these enzymes has been determined in sites associated with growth and with the transport of metabolites. In a young larva of M. multiceps, the activity of AIP, AcP and NE was strong in the entire proliferating bladder wall surrounding groups of scoleces, but absent in the remaining part of the bladder wall outside the area of these scolex groups. In young larvae of M. endothoracicus, AlP and NE activity was highest in the modified bladder wall forming a verrucose mound, and at the site of the opening of the invaginated canal. No activity of these enzymes was demonstrated in mature and aging larvae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034589"}
{"pmid": "1034597", "title": "Prostaglandin Falpha, progesterone and oestrogens in relation to parturition in sheep.", "content": "Prostaglandin Falpha, progesterone and oestrogens in relation to parturition in sheep. Six hourly blood samples were collected from either the uterine vein or posterior vena cava of 8 conscious ewes over a period of about 1 week prior to and 2 days after parturition. In addition blood was also collected simultaneously from the jugular vein. Using sensitive radioimmunoassay techniques, these samples were analyzed for PGF2 alpha, progesterone and oestrogens. The results indicate that concentrations of PGF2 alpha in sheep blood started to rise before a fall in progesterone concentrations. A rise in total oestrogens also preceded the fall in progesterone concentrations. It was however not possible to show a temporal relationship between the rises in oesterogens and PGF2 alpha concentrations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034597"}
{"pmid": "1034615", "title": "Separation and estimation of short-chain fatty acids and organic acids by thermodetective liquid chromatography.", "content": "Separation and estimation of short-chain fatty acids and organic acids by thermodetective liquid chromatography. Short-chain fatty acids and organic acids in aqueous solution were separated quantitatively by using a liquid chromatography. JLC-2A, which posseses a thermodetector with ion-exchange resin. A peak height of thermogram showing a thermal difference caused by adsorption and desorption of substance was proportional to the concentration. Each sample was detectable at least between approximately 10(-5) and 2 X 10(-3) moles. The \"inter-day\" coefficient of variation obtained from two peak heights of acetic and n-butyric acids was 1.9 and 2.3%, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034615"}
{"pmid": "1034617", "title": "Cytotoxicity of cysteine in culture media.", "content": "Cytotoxicity of cysteine in culture media. When added to Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium supplemented with 10% bovine serum (MEM-10BS), 1mM cysteine was highly toxic to cultured cells. This toxicity was eliminated by (a) preincubation of the medium at 37 degrees C for 24 hr before use, or (b) presence of 5mM pyruvate. Similar results were obtained with freshly prepared CMRL 1066 supplemented with 10% bovine serum (CMRL-10BS), which contains 1.5 mM cysteine as an original ingredient. Medium L 15 supplemented with 10% bovine serum (L-10BS), which contains both 1 mM cysteine and 5 mM pyruvate, supported cell growth. On incubation of MEM-10BS supplemented with 1 mM cysteine (MEM-10BS-1CySH) or CMRL-10BS without cells for one day, the cysteine concentrations decreased to about one-tenth or less of the original concentrations. The cysteine concentration in L-10BS did not decrease so much on similar incubation. Pyruvate reduced the rate of disappearance of the cysteine in MEM-10BS-1CySH or CMRL-10BS as assayed with p-chloromercuribenzoate, although less than that in L-10BS. This effect of pyruvate was concentration dependent. These paradoxical effects of pyruvate on cysteine, i.e. the reduction of its cytotoxicity and the stabilization as an SH compound, are probably due to the formation of a dissociable complex between these two compounds, which is not cytotoxic and resistant to oxidation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034617"}
{"pmid": "1034619", "title": "Immobilization of testicular hyaluronidase using concanavalin A.", "content": "Immobilization of testicular hyaluronidase using concanavalin A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034619"}
{"pmid": "1034618", "title": "Spread and control of mycoplasmal infection of cell cultures.", "content": "Spread and control of mycoplasmal infection of cell cultures. Environmental sampling was performed during trypsinization and passage of 3T-6 cell cultures that contained a mean of 4.3 X 10(7) colony forming units (CFU) per ml supernatant of A. laidlawii. The lip of the culture flask and the outside of the used pipet were always heavily contaminated. The outside of the culture flask (3/7), the work surface (8/12) and the outside of a pan of disinfectant (4/5) were regularly contaminated with mycoplasmas. Airborne mycoplasmas were detected eight of 32 times (25%) by settling plates; simultaneous forced-air samplers by two different methods were always negative. The technician's hands were contaminated two of 15 samples. When hands were contaminated, more contamination was detected in the environment. Droplets of A. laidlawii and M. orale inoculated onto work surfaces survived drying for a minimum of 3 days, even in laminar airflow cabinets. Twenty-five of 31 (80.6%) cell culture technicians carried M. salivarium in their throats; only two carried M. orale. It is concluded that mycoplasma-infected clltures are the most common source of further infection. Recommendations for prevention and control of mycoplasmal infection are listed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034618"}
{"pmid": "1034620", "title": "Organ  culture -- a system for rapid carcinogenicity screening of tobacco extracts on oral mucosa.", "content": "Organ  culture -- a system for rapid carcinogenicity screening of tobacco extracts on oral mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034620"}
{"pmid": "1034621", "title": "Cardiocirculatory and biochemical effects of dextran 1.8% and ringer's lactate after minor surgical procedures.", "content": "Cardiocirculatory and biochemical effects of dextran 1.8% and ringer's lactate after minor surgical procedures. The effects of dextran 1.8% in Ringer's lactate solution were compared with infusion of Ringer's lactate alone in two groups of 12 patients after minor surgical interventions. Plasma volume increased significantly only in the dextran treatment patients. We observed a marked hemodilution with both infusions, but all changes had disappeared after 24 hours. No adverse effects on the coagulation process, hepatic and renal function were noted. These results suggest that dextran 1.8% in Ringer's lactate is an effective and safe solution in plasma volume expansion for this type of patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034621"}
{"pmid": "1034625", "title": "Cuticle formation in parasitic nematodes: RNA biosynthesis and control of molting.", "content": "Cuticle formation in parasitic nematodes: RNA biosynthesis and control of molting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034625"}
{"pmid": "1034626", "title": "Oncospheral hook morphogenesis in the davaineid cestode Inermicapsifer madagascariensis (Davaine, 1870) Baer, 1956.", "content": "Oncospheral hook morphogenesis in the davaineid cestode Inermicapsifer madagascariensis (Davaine, 1870) Baer, 1956.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034626"}
{"pmid": "1034630", "title": "Profile of cerebrovascular accidents in the young.", "content": "Profile of cerebrovascular accidents in the young.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034630"}
{"pmid": "1034628", "title": "The postnatal development of the alimentary canal in the opossum. II. Stomach.", "content": "The postnatal development of the alimentary canal in the opossum. II. Stomach. The postnatal development of the gastric mucosa in the opossum has been traced with the light, transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The formation of fovea and gastric glands occurs simultaneously during the postnatal period. During the first 60 postnatal days the developing gastric glands are composed of undifferentiated cells, parietal cells and scattered endocrine cells. Chief cells are not present until just before weaning (13 cm, i.e. ca. 75 days). Juvenile and adult animals show only a small population of chief cells, and these are confined to the bases of the gastric glands. The pH of stomach contents ranges from 6-0 to 6-5 until the time of appearance of solid food within the stomach, when it drops to 2-0-2-5. The surface cells lining the gastric lumen contain a considerable amount of what appears to be lipid during the first 3 weeks after birth, and this may indicate that the gastric mucosa is involved in the absorption of lipid during this period. The mode of lipid absorption appears to be different from that described for the intestinal tract of several other species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034628"}
{"pmid": "1034629", "title": "RIT 2214, a new biosynthetic penicillin produced by a mutant of Cephalosporium acremonium.", "content": "RIT 2214, a new biosynthetic penicillin produced by a mutant of Cephalosporium acremonium. A number of lysine-requiring auxotrophs of Cephalosporium acremonium were investigated for incorporation of side-chain precursors and for accumulation of beta-lactam compounds. One of the auxotrophs, Acremonium chrysogenum ATCC 20389, producing cephalosporin C and penicillin N only if grown in media supplemented with DL-alpha-amino-adipic acid (DL-alpha-AAA), was found to use L-S-carboxymethylcysteine (L-CMC) as a side-chain precursor for the synthesis of a new penicillin (RIT 2214). No corresponding cephalosporin was detected. The penicillin present in the culture filtrate, was concentrated by adsorption on activated carbon and successive column chromatography on Amberlite IRA-68 and Amberlite XAD-4. Final purification was achieved by cellulose column chromatography. RIT 2214 was identified as 6-(D)-[(2-amino-2-carboxy)-ethylthio]-acetamido]-penicillanic acid by spectral analysis, bioactivity spectrum, elucidation of side-chain structure and finally by semisynthesis. Its biological properties were also evaluated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034629"}
{"pmid": "1034631", "title": "A cytoplasmic inhibitor of DNA polymerase from the plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum.", "content": "A cytoplasmic inhibitor of DNA polymerase from the plasmodia of Physarum polycephalum. A factor which inhibited DNA polymerase [EC 2.7.7.7] activity was isolated from the cytoplasm of plasmodia of true slime mold, Physarum polycephalum. This factor was purified by DEAE-Sephadex and CM-cellulose column chromatographies, heat treatment and gel filtration. This inhibitor was heat-stable, insensitive to trypsin [EC 3.4.21.4] and was not digested by RNase [EC 3.1.4.22] or DNase [EC 3.1.4.5]. The molecular weight was 16,000 as determined by gel filtration, and the isoelectric point was determined to be pH 10.1. In the presence of the inhibitor, Km for DNA in the DNA polymerizing reaction was markedly increased. The inhibitory effect was eliminated by addition of excess DNA, but the addition of excess enzyme or deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates had no effect on the inhibition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034631"}
{"pmid": "1034632", "title": "The H+/site ratio of mitochondrial electron transport.", "content": "The H+/site ratio of mitochondrial electron transport. The number of H+ ejected during passage of 2e- through each energy-conserving site of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (the H+/site ratio) was measured in three ways. In each case transmembrane movements of endogenous phosphate were minimized. (1) Measurement of the uptake of weak acids during loading of mitochondria with Ca2+ demonstrated that 2.0 weak acid anions were accumulated per Ca2+ ion. Since 1.7 to 2.0 Ca2+ ions were were taken up per site, these data correspond to an H+/site ratio of 3.5 to 4.0. (2) More direct measurement of H+ ejection using the oxygen pulse technique demonstrated that the H+/site ratio was 3.0. In these experiments phosphate movements were prevented by addition of N-ethylmaleimide to inhibit phosphate-hydroxide antiport, by washing the mitochondria to remove endogenous phosphate, or by working at 5 degrees C to reduce the rate of phosphate transport. When phosphate movements were allowed, H+/site ratios of 2.0 were observed. (3) Measurement of the initial steady rates of oxygen consumption and H+ ejection following addition of substrate to aerobic, substrate-limited mitochondria yielded H+/site ratios of 2.0, which were elevated to 4.0 when phosphate transport was prevented as described above. Previous determinations of the H+/site ratio were thus underestimates due to the unrecognized movements of endogenous phosphate; our results show that the H+/site ratio is at least 3.0 andmay be as high as 4.0.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034632"}
{"pmid": "1034633", "title": "Magnesium deprivation reproduces the coordinate effects of serum removal or cortisol addition on transport and metabolism in chick embryo fibroblasts.", "content": "Magnesium deprivation reproduces the coordinate effects of serum removal or cortisol addition on transport and metabolism in chick embryo fibroblasts. A variety of unrelated effectors stimulate or inhibit coordinately the same array of metabolic reactions in chick embryo fibroblasts, including the uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and uridine, and the incorporation of uridine and thymidine into acid insoluble material. The coordinate inhibition of these reactions by omission of serum or addition of cortisol is reproduced quantitatively by lowering the concentration of magnesium (Mg2+) in medium containing 0.2 mM Ca2+. The response times for the utilization of uridine and thymidine following the removal of addition of Mg2+ are similar to those which follow removal or addition of serum. The effect of serum on the incorporation of choline, which is not part of the coordinate response to unrelated effectors, is not reproduced by varying Mg2+ concentrations. The results support the hypothesis that the availability of Mg2+ within the cell plays a central role in the coordinate control of transport, metabolism and growth by external physiological effectors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034633"}
{"pmid": "1034634", "title": "Stimulation of sugar uptake in cultured fibroblasts by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF-binding arginine esterase.", "content": "Stimulation of sugar uptake in cultured fibroblasts by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF-binding arginine esterase. Mouse epidermal growth factor causes a rapid increase in 2-deoxyglucose uptake in stationary phase mouse (3T3) cells or human fibroblasts. Maximum effect is approximately two fold over control levels for 3T3 cells and about 50% over controls for human fibroblasts. Maximum effect on 3T3 cells is seen about two hours after addition of 10 ng/ml EGF to the culture medium. Stimulation is easily measureable within the first fifteen minutes after addition of the hormone and may be detected at hormone concentrations as low as 0.1 ng/ml. The EGF-binding arginine esterase found associated with EGF in the mouse submaxillary gland causes an enhancement of the EGF effect. In serum-free medium, the EGF effect is still readily observed, but no enhancement by the esterase is seen. SV40 virus-transformed 3T3 cells show no effect on deoxyglucose uptake after addition of 10 ng/ml EGF to the culture medium, but a response may be demonstrated after these cells are incubated for 12 hours or more in serumless medium. EFG stimulates transport of 3-O-methylglucose in stationary phase 3T3 and human fibroblasts but no EGF stimulation of alpha-amino-isobutyrate uptake in 3T3 cells is seen under conditions is reproted to inhibit intracellular degradation of human EGF by human fibroblasts, does not diminish the EGF effect on deoxyglucose uptake in human fibroblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034634"}
{"pmid": "1034635", "title": "Current status of the thiol redox model for the regulation of hexose transport by insulin.", "content": "Current status of the thiol redox model for the regulation of hexose transport by insulin. Data obtained over the last two years pertinent to the thiol redox model for the modulation of hexose transport activity by insulin is summarized. The model proposes that activation of hexose transport in fat cells involves sulfhydryl oxidation to the disulfide form in a key protein component of the fat cell surface membrane. Theoretically, the rapid activation of transport by insulin may involve either the conversion of inactive membrane carriers to the active form as originally proposed, or the conversion of a low Vmax transport system to a high Vmax form. The present experiments showed that the percent inhibition of insulin-activated transport rates by submaximal levels of cytochalasin B was decreased compared to its effects on basal transport. Treatment of fat cells with N-ethylmaleimide inhibited cytochalasin B action but not transport activity. When insulin or the oxidant vitamin K5 was added to cells 5 minutes before the N-ethylmaleimide, the elevated transport activity was also resistant to the sulfhydryl reagent, but cytochalasin B retained its potent inhibitory effect on transport. The data demonstrate that unique properties characterize basal versus insulin-activated transport activity with respect to the sensitivity of cytochalasin B action to sulfhydryl blockade in isolated fat cells. The data are consistent with the concept that activation of transport activity reflects the conversion of a reduced (sulfhydryl) system characterized by a low Vmax to an oxidized (disulfide), high Vmax transport system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034635"}
{"pmid": "1034636", "title": "Regulation of glucose transport in chick fibroblasts: bicarbonate, lactate and ascorbic acid.", "content": "Regulation of glucose transport in chick fibroblasts: bicarbonate, lactate and ascorbic acid. The rate at which chick embryo fibroblasts in primary or secondary culture transport glucose or 3-O-methyl glucose is strongly influenced by the presence of bicarbonate ion in the culture medium. Cells growing or maintained on glucose at physiologic concentration (5.5 mM) have an 8 to 10 fold higher rate of glucose uptake than their counterparts cultivated without bicarbonate. These cells also produce more lactate as a consequence of their more rapid intake of glucose. The hydrogen acceptors, methylene blue and dehydroascorbate added to the culture medium reduce the cell capacity to transport glucose and 3-O-methyl glucose to levels obtaining in the bicarbonate-free medium. There is a concomitant reduction in glucose utilized by cells during 24 hours and further reduction in lactate formed per molecule of glucose metabolized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034636"}
{"pmid": "1034627", "title": "Retrograde urethrogram: a new technic.", "content": "Retrograde urethrogram: a new technic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034627"}
{"pmid": "1034637", "title": "Comment on comparing the membrane transport properties of \"normal\" and \"transformed\" BALB/3T3 cells.", "content": "Comment on comparing the membrane transport properties of \"normal\" and \"transformed\" BALB/3T3 cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034637"}
{"pmid": "1034641", "title": "Studies in terpenoid biosynthesis. Part 18. Biosynthesis of culmorin.", "content": "Studies in terpenoid biosynthesis. Part 18. Biosynthesis of culmorin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034641"}
{"pmid": "1034638", "title": "Cooperative binding of concanavalin A to thymocyte membrane vesicles augments uptake of alpha aminoisobutyrate.", "content": "Cooperative binding of concanavalin A to thymocyte membrane vesicles augments uptake of alpha aminoisobutyrate. (1) Membrane vesicles from rabbit thymocytes accumulate alpha-aminoisobutyrate in the presence of 0.1 M NaCl. Uptake is 1/2 maximal after about 2 min and reaches a plateau value (61 pmoles/mg protein) after 30 min. (2) Up to 25 mug concanavalin A/ml, binding of the lectin describes a sigmoid curve indicative of a cooperative process. (3) At lectin concentrations up to 8 mug/ml, lectin binding enhances the uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyrate (maximally 30%).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034638"}
{"pmid": "1034640", "title": "The mechanism of interaction between high-affinity probes and the uridine transport system of mammalian cells.", "content": "The mechanism of interaction between high-affinity probes and the uridine transport system of mammalian cells. The carrier of uridine transport in hamster cells in culture is highly susceptible to the inhibitory effect of probes like S-benzylated derivatives of mercaptopurine nucleosides. The interaction between the probes and the carrier is competitive and reversible and it takes place at a site different from the substrate binding site. The Ki for the most potent derivative p-nitrobenzyl-6-mercaptoinosine is 0.15 n Molar at 20 degrees C. The effect of the probes is interpreted in terms of conformational change induced on the carrier upon binding of the probe. The carrier assumes distinct conformations depending on whether it is probe-free (form A) or probe bound (form B). Kinetic as well as chemical evidence supports the predictions of the allosteric carrier model. A single component of kinetics is observed either in the absence of inhibitor (Km form A) or at high concentrations of inhibitor (Km form B). A two component kinetics is observed at intermediate concentrations of inhibitor (some carriers in form B and others in form A). The two forms have distinct Km values for uridine: form A50 muMolar and form B 250 muMolar. Two forms have also different susceptibilities to the action of organomercurials: form A is insensitive whereas form B is highly inhibited by the chemical modified of SH groups. The existence of putative allosteric sites in carriers is discussed in terms of modifier sites capable of modulating transport activities as a result of specific membrane-ligand interactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034640"}
{"pmid": "1034642", "title": "The carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of flavonoids and related compounds.", "content": "The carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of flavonoids and related compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034642"}
{"pmid": "1034639", "title": "Uptake of amino acids in reconstituted vesicles derived from plasma membranes of Ehrlich ascites cells.", "content": "Uptake of amino acids in reconstituted vesicles derived from plasma membranes of Ehrlich ascites cells. To obtain a clearer concept of the mechanism of organic solute transport in mammalian cells, we have attempted to reconstitute a functional transport system for amino acids from plasma membranes of Ehrlich ascites cells. Purified plasma membranes were dissolved in 2% Na cholate--4 M urea, a mixture which brought over 85% of the membrane proteins into solution. After centrifugation of the solubilized material for 2 hrs at 100,000 x g, the supernatant was dialyzed in the cold for 20 hrs with additional lipid. The reformed vesicles were tested for the ability to transport amino acids. The preliminary results obtained show that the uptake of alpha-aminoisobutyric acid can be inhibited by L-methionine and much less by L-leucine as would be predicted from the known properties of alpha-aminoisobutyric transport in the intact cells. In addition, it has been possible to show accelerated efflux of intravesicular phenylalanine when phenylalanine is added to the trans side (medium side). The data are consistent with the conclusion that there is carrier mediated transport in the reconstituted vesicles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034639"}
{"pmid": "1034643", "title": "Synthetic and biosynthetic studies of porphyrins. Part 1. Synthesis of the \"S-411\" porphyrin obtained from meconium.", "content": "Synthetic and biosynthetic studies of porphyrins. Part 1. Synthesis of the \"S-411\" porphyrin obtained from meconium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034643"}
{"pmid": "1034644", "title": "Synthetic and biosynthetic studies of porphyrins. Part 2. Synthesis of isopempto- and isochlorocruoro-porphyrins.", "content": "Synthetic and biosynthetic studies of porphyrins. Part 2. Synthesis of isopempto- and isochlorocruoro-porphyrins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034644"}
{"pmid": "1034645", "title": "Neighbouring group participation in the cleavage of some steroidal acetoxy-epoxides.", "content": "Neighbouring group participation in the cleavage of some steroidal acetoxy-epoxides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034645"}
{"pmid": "1034646", "title": "Prostaglandins. Part 4. Synthesis of (+/-)-11-deoxyprostaglandins from 2-(omega-hydroxyheptyl)cyclopent-2-enones.", "content": "Prostaglandins. Part 4. Synthesis of (+/-)-11-deoxyprostaglandins from 2-(omega-hydroxyheptyl)cyclopent-2-enones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034646"}
{"pmid": "1034647", "title": "Thermal rearrangement of 2,2,4,4-tetramethylthietan-3-one 1-oxide; a reaction related to the ring expansion of the penicillin S-oxides.", "content": "Thermal rearrangement of 2,2,4,4-tetramethylthietan-3-one 1-oxide; a reaction related to the ring expansion of the penicillin S-oxides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034647"}
{"pmid": "1034648", "title": "4,6,7-Trimethoxy-5-methylchromen-2-one, a new coumarin from Leonotis nepetaefolia.", "content": "4,6,7-Trimethoxy-5-methylchromen-2-one, a new coumarin from Leonotis nepetaefolia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034648"}
{"pmid": "1034649", "title": "Ultrasonic propagation properties of mammalian testes.", "content": "Ultrasonic propagation properties of mammalian testes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034649"}
{"pmid": "1034650", "title": "Gastro-intestinal nematodes of élite show dogs in Great Britain.", "content": "Gastro-intestinal nematodes of élite show dogs in Great Britain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034650"}
{"pmid": "1034653", "title": "Stability of resistance to neguvon in the fly Musca domestica L. after cessation of laboratory selection.", "content": "Stability of resistance to neguvon in the fly Musca domestica L. after cessation of laboratory selection. Stability of resistance to neguvon was studied in three strains of Musca domestica L. after selection using different numbers of generations and different degrees of resistance. It has been found that the stability of resistance to neguvon is not always the same after cessation of selection. The loss of resistance depends on the duration of selection, i.e., on the degree of homogenization of populations with respect to resistant specimens. The degree of resistance is the function of the duration of selection to the same extent as the loss of resistance depends on it. The period of time during which the insecticide has been used is of decisive importance for the stability of resistance. The process of loss of resistance, similarly to that of its development, takes its course according to a zigzag curve, but in the opposite direction. This variation of resistance, occurring also in its development, can be explained by the heterogenity of the strains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034653"}
{"pmid": "1034651", "title": "On a new nematode Leipernema leiperi n.g., n.sp. (Strongyloididae), parasitic in the pangolin Manis pentadactyla from Hyderabad, India.", "content": "On a new nematode Leipernema leiperi n.g., n.sp. (Strongyloididae), parasitic in the pangolin Manis pentadactyla from Hyderabad, India. Leipernema leiperi n.g., n.sp. is described from the pangolin Manis pentadactyla in India. Both parasitic free-living generations have been examined. Features which differentiate the parasite from Strongyloides and Parastrongyloides are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034651"}
{"pmid": "1034655", "title": "Genus Microsporum dermatophytes in Eastern Bohemia.", "content": "Genus Microsporum dermatophytes in Eastern Bohemia. The authors presented a taxonomic survey of dermatophytes of the genus Microsporum. From the 19 species described so far, they isolated ten species in the region of Eastern Bohemia. Only the species Microsporum cookei and M. gypsem are considered to be endemic species. The remaining are regarded as imported dermatophytes which are not able to maintain their existence permanently in the conditions of the mentioned region. Data on the findings of the individual species were completed by the authors' remarks on their primary hosts and/or substrates of heterotrophy, frequency of occurrence and geographical distribution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034655"}
{"pmid": "1034654", "title": "Residual disinfection of some preparations and substances.", "content": "Residual disinfection of some preparations and substances. The results of our experiments over many years point to the possibility of practical application of disinfectants of residual effect. In our opinion, further investigations should be carried out in the following two directions: detection of new means and preparations showing uniform properties and development of an optimum method of their application. We believe that residual disinfection will play a role in the prophylaxis of hospitalism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034654"}
{"pmid": "1034656", "title": "Taxonomy of the family Vibrionaceae considered with respect to data on the primary structure of deoxyribonucleic acid.", "content": "Taxonomy of the family Vibrionaceae considered with respect to data on the primary structure of deoxyribonucleic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034656"}
{"pmid": "1034657", "title": "Human infections caused by V. parahaemolyticus in Czechoslovakia.", "content": "Human infections caused by V. parahaemolyticus in Czechoslovakia. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was isolated in two subjects with acute gastroenteritis. The patients' history included stay in Pakistan or India. They probably contracted the infection on board an aeroplane where they ingested cold meal containing sea products. The possibility of this conditioned pathogen occurring also in an inland country is pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034657"}
{"pmid": "1034658", "title": "Nephelometric density adjustment of leptospiral antigen.", "content": "Nephelometric density adjustment of leptospiral antigen. In testing leptospirosis by microagglutination, reproducibility of the results is affected by population age and germ concentration. These undersirable factors can be avoided if antibody identification is made with cultures incubated for 7 to 21 days and adjusted to 50 X 10(6) leptospires per millilitre. Most suitable for the purpose is an analogue mode based on nephelometry and the probability theory. The obtained statistical data furnish calculated and tabulated apparatus values which are used for standardizing with the aid of a newly developed nepheloflask with compression-spring stirrer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034658"}
{"pmid": "1034662", "title": "Diurnal variation and the episodic release of plasma gonadotrophins in Japanese quail during a photoperiodically induced gonadal cycle.", "content": "Diurnal variation and the episodic release of plasma gonadotrophins in Japanese quail during a photoperiodically induced gonadal cycle. Blood samples were taken every 3 h, over a 27 h period, from (1) a group of 12 intact male quail on short days (lights on 09.00-17.00 h) and during the 2nd, 15th and 36th day of photostimulation (lights on 09.00-05.00 h); (2) 12 castrated male quail on the 2nd, 20th and 43rd long day, and (3) 12 intact male quail on the 12th long day. Plasma LH was measured in all samples and FSH in the 43rd long day castrate and 12th long day intact male samples. Although there was considerable variation in the levels of LH and FSH, both between birds and between samples taken from the same bird, statistical analyses failed to reveal any diurnal (or circadian) rhythm at any time. There was a marked correlation between the LH and FSH levels in all samples. Possible episodic LH secretion was investigated by taking blood samples every 15 min for between 3 and 6 h from six intact male quail and six laying females on long days. Samples were obtained from each bird at three time-periods which were arranged so as to overlap and cover the first 12 h of the daily photoperiod. Statistical analysis suggested that episodes of secretion occurred 6-10 times/day in males, and 4-8 times/day in females. The pulses appeared to occur at random.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034662"}
{"pmid": "1034663", "title": "Influence of 16-aryloxyprostaglandins on the production of progesterone by human granulosa cells in vitro.", "content": "Influence of 16-aryloxyprostaglandins on the production of progesterone by human granulosa cells in vitro. 16-Aryloxy analogues of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) are potent luteolysins in laboratory and farm animals. When their effect on progesterone production by luteinized human granulosa cells in tissue culture was investigated inhibition of both basal gonadotrophin-stimulated progesterone production was observed, so revealing characteristics expected of potential human luteolysins. The analogues were, however, unable to inhibit progesterone production stimulated by PGE2, suggesting that like PGF2alpha these compounds may act by specifically blocking LH-activated adenylate cyclase. The 16-aryloxyprostaglandins similarly inhibited progesterone production by porcine granulosa cells, so that the effects observed with the 16-aryloxyprostaglandins in vitro may be indicative of their potential in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034663"}
{"pmid": "1034664", "title": "Surviving trophoblastic giant cells and ovarian function after prostaglandin-induced abortion in the golden hamster.", "content": "Surviving trophoblastic giant cells and ovarian function after prostaglandin-induced abortion in the golden hamster.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034664"}
{"pmid": "1034665", "title": "Diurnal variation in the activity of hepatic glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in response to ovine prolactin in goldfish, Carassius auratus L.", "content": "Diurnal variation in the activity of hepatic glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase in response to ovine prolactin in goldfish, Carassius auratus L.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034665"}
{"pmid": "1034667", "title": "Cell patterning in migrating slugs of Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "Cell patterning in migrating slugs of Dictyostelium discoideum. When front quarters of migrating slugs of Dictyostelium discoideum are isolated by surgery and induced to friut immediately they produce fruiting bodies with disproportionately large stalks (Raper, 1940). The data in this communication show that the 'stalky' character of fruits derived from front quarters persists even if the cells of the front quarter are disaggregated and hence to reaggregate before fruiting. The data also demonstrate that friuts derived from rear quarters of slugs have disproportionately large spore heads, and that this effect becomes more pronounced with increasing age of the slugs. These observations support the view that the cells of the front and rear of migrating slugs are to some extent committed to different fates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034667"}
{"pmid": "1034666", "title": "Direct exposure of postimplantation mouse embryos to 5-bromodeoxyuridine in vitro and its effect on subsequent chondrogenesis in the limbs.", "content": "Direct exposure of postimplantation mouse embryos to 5-bromodeoxyuridine in vitro and its effect on subsequent chondrogenesis in the limbs. As maternally administered 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BudR) is very quickly degraded by the liver, a combination of whole embryo culture and organ culture techniques was adopted to expose postimplantation mouse embryos to the analog and to study the effects of long-term embryos were exposed to increasing concentrations of BudR for 12 or 24 h. Forelimbs of the treated embryos were then organ-cultured in drug-free medium and the extent of cartilage development in the explants examined. Exposure of embryos to 50-150 mug/ml of BudR for 24 h resulted in significant inhibition of chondrogenesis in the subsequent limb cultures and the effect was related to dose. After treatment with 150 mug/ml of the drug, the forelimbs of the early 11-day embryos (somite stage 26-29) showed an almost complete lack of cartilage, while the limbs of mid-11 th-day embryos (somite stage 32-34) were not nearly as sensitive and exhibited about 50% reduction in the amount of cartilage development. We conclude that if embryos in which the limb development is at a very early stage of development are exposed to BudR, the future course of limb differentiation is permanently and irreversibly damaged, resulting in a partial or even complete suppression of chondrogenesis in the organ. As both the dose and perhaps also the duration of treatment were critical, we suggest that the rather low frequency of reported limb malformations after in vivo injection of teratological doses of BudR may be due to only a small amount of the chemical reaching the embryos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034666"}
{"pmid": "1034669", "title": "Nuclei, septation, branching and growth of Geotrichum candidum.", "content": "Nuclei, septation, branching and growth of Geotrichum candidum. A study was made of growth, septation and branching in Geotrichum candidum, a mould which forms physiologically complete septa. A correlation was observed between septation and branch initiation; branches were almost invariably formed just behind septa. Primary branches and their parent intercalary compartments initially increased in length at an exponential rate before eventually attaining a constant rate of extension. The whole branching system (which eventually contained seven tips) produced by an intercalary compartment increased in length exponentially until it attained a total length of at least 1-5 mm. The total length and the number of nuclei of undifferentiated mycelia increased exponentially at the same specific growth rate. The results suggest that nuclei divide just before or just after arthrospore formation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034669"}
{"pmid": "1034670", "title": "The relationship between the uptake of glucose and 3-O-methylglucose and soluble carbohydrate and polysaccharide in the fungus Dendryphiella salina.", "content": "The relationship between the uptake of glucose and 3-O-methylglucose and soluble carbohydrate and polysaccharide in the fungus Dendryphiella salina. When mycelium of Dendryphiella salina, pre-incubated in D-[I-14C]mannitol such that this is the only major labelled soluble carbohydrate present, absorbs glucose or the non-metabolized sugar 3-O-methylglucose, there is a specific stimulation of incorporation of 14C into alkali-insoluble, trichloroacetic-acid-soluble (1 leads to 4)-alpha-glucan, probably glycogen. There is also a net increase in the amount of glucan caused by stimulation of synthesis and inhibition of breakdown. Addition of 3-O-methylglucose results in the loss of mannitol into the medium. This loss and the reduced rate of replenishment from the glucan is important in the osmotic regulation of the hyphae. If osmotic adjustment does not occur, the hyphae do not show the specific incorporation of 14C into the glucan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034670"}
{"pmid": "1034673", "title": "Isolation of 4-ribitylamino-5-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine from a high flavinogenic mold Eremothecium ashbyii1.", "content": "Isolation of 4-ribitylamino-5-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine from a high flavinogenic mold Eremothecium ashbyii1. The addition of glyoxal, a trapping agent, caused simultaneously the accumulation of a green fluorescent compound and the inhibition of riboflavin formation in non-growing cells of Eremothecium ashbyii. The fluorescent compound purified was identified as 8-ribityllumazine from the results of spectrophotometric and fluorometric analyses. Accordingly, the fragment, except for the glyoxal portion on the 8-ribityllumazine molecule, 4-ribitylamino-5-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, is believed to be an intermediate in the riboflavin biosynthetic pathway.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034673"}
{"pmid": "1034671", "title": "A chemically-defined medium for the growth of a ureolytic strain of Streptococcus faecium.", "content": "A chemically-defined medium for the growth of a ureolytic strain of Streptococcus faecium. A chemically-defined medium was developed which supported growth of Streptococcus faecium and permitted synthesis of urease. This streptococcus cannot utilize ammonia and needs a complex medium, but its requirements are probably provided in the rumen. The specific activity of urease was inversely related to growth and in no medium was there high growth and high urease activity. Anaerobic culture and the presence of urea in the medium were essential for urease activity, but not for growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034671"}
{"pmid": "1034672", "title": "Occurrence of familial spastic paraplegia in only one of monozygous twins.", "content": "Occurrence of familial spastic paraplegia in only one of monozygous twins. Three patients who suffer from spastic paraplegia are described who belong to two generations in one family. One of the patients, who has had symptoms and signs for at least 10 years, has a monozygous twin who is unaffected. Using blood groups and chromosomal polymorphisms, the probability of monozygosity is estimated to be 0.99986. The observation of nonpenetrance in familial spastic paraplegia suggests that environmental factors may be involved in provocation and emphasises the need for careful genetic counselling in this and related diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034672"}
{"pmid": "1034674", "title": "Identification of the second product of the riboflavin synthetase reaction.", "content": "Identification of the second product of the riboflavin synthetase reaction. This study was concerned with the detailed identification of the second product involved in the riboflavin synthetase reaction with riboflavin synthetase from Eremothecium ashbyii and a trapping agent, glyoxal.Thus, a green fluorescent compound accumulated during the incubation. The compound was purified through various column chromatography steps, and was examined by UV, IR, excitation and emission spectra and paper chromatography to prove that the isolated compound was 8-ribityllumazine. Accordingly it was concluded that a second product in riboflavin synthetase reaction was 4-ribitylamino-5-amino-2,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, the fragment, except for C-6 and C-7 of 8-ribityllumazine, being an incorporated glyoxal portion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034674"}
{"pmid": "1034700", "title": "Competition between some neutral amino acids for carrier-mediated transport into the brain in vivo [proceedings].", "content": "Competition between some neutral amino acids for carrier-mediated transport into the brain in vivo [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034700"}
{"pmid": "1034699", "title": "Electrical excitability of cultured adrenal chromaffin cells.", "content": "Electrical excitability of cultured adrenal chromaffin cells. 1. Adult human and gerbil adrenal medullary cells were maintained in dissociated cell culture and studied by micro-electrode penetration. 2. In the best recordings, chromaffin cell transmembrane potentials exceeded -50mV. 3. Chromaffin cells were capable of generating all-or-nothing over-shooting action potentials, similar to those generated by sympathetic neurones. 4. The action potentials were blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX, 10(-6)g/ml.) but were not blocked by removal of Ca or by CoCl2 (10 mM). We conclude that the action potentials are probably generated by a Na mechanism. 5. Chromaffin cells are depolarized by the iontophoretic application of acetylcholine (ACh). This depolarization was accompanied by an increased membrane conductance and could trigger action potentials. 6. Action potentials were also found in cells in fresh slices of gerbil adrenal medullae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034699"}
{"pmid": "1034702", "title": "Control of blood pressure oscillation elicited by bleeding.", "content": "Control of blood pressure oscillation elicited by bleeding. 1) A control objective regarding the blood pressure oscillation is to decrease the heart rate. 2) The transfusion of a small amount of blood at the bottom of a cycle in the oscillation is usually useful as a control plan for the blood pressure oscillation. 3) A partial occlusion of the abdominal aorta is effective in arresting the oscillation, but the oscillation starts again after releasing the abdominal aorta from the partial occlusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034702"}
{"pmid": "1034704", "title": "Separation technique of phase-locked and -unlocked spikes to the vibratory stimulation in the tonic vibration reflex.", "content": "Separation technique of phase-locked and -unlocked spikes to the vibratory stimulation in the tonic vibration reflex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034704"}
{"pmid": "1034710", "title": "Androgens and male sexual function: a review of human studies.", "content": "Androgens and male sexual function: a review of human studies. The scope of this article will be a review and brief discussion of recently gathered information on androgens and sexual behavior in men. It will include experimental observations on the covariance between androgens, mainly testosterone, and sexual functioning in normal heterosexual men and studies on sexual dysfunction and homo-sexual behavior. The effects of castration, hypogonadal conditions, hormonal replacement, and endogenous testosterone variations on sexual behavior are examined. Further psychoendocrine studies, are necessary to evaluate the role of gonadal hormone production in impotency. Current pharmacological research does not furnish specific evidence, that the administration of androgens or preparations that stimulate the secretion of endogenous androgens have beneficial effects on functional impotence. After reviewing the studies on male homosexuality and androgen levels, the article concludes that it has not been established that homosexual men are characterized by abnormalities in plasma testosterone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034710"}
{"pmid": "1034709", "title": "Issues in the use of psychophysiology to assess female sexual dysfunction.", "content": "Issues in the use of psychophysiology to assess female sexual dysfunction. The viability of psychophysiology as an assessment approach for female sexual function and dysfunction revolves around physiological measurement issues, subjective measurement issues, and the nature of the sexual difficulty. Recent data are presented and discussed as are the potentials and limitations inherent in a psychophysiological study of human sexuality. A case is made for the use of vaginal pressure pulse as a primary measure, vaginal blood volume as a secondary measure, correlations between subjective and objective measures of sexual arousal, and intercorrelations between various subjective affect scales.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034709"}
{"pmid": "1034707", "title": "Preparation of cultured cells for SEM: air drying from organic solvents.", "content": "Preparation of cultured cells for SEM: air drying from organic solvents. Air evaporation from organic solvents of differing polarities and surface free energies was used in the preparation of cultured murine peritoneal macrophages for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface structural features of these cells were compared to the surfaces of similar cells prepared by the critical-point procedure. In general, all organic solvents produced a marked collapse of cell structure resulting in an increase in surface irregularity. Fracture surfaces and sharply defined contours including numerous flaps and ridges were characteristic of the non-polar solvent dehydrated samples. Polar solvent dehydrated samples, including those dried from solvents of low surface free energy, exhibited a secondary flowing and settling of the cell membrane. Primary collapse was apparent but cell contours were smoothed and rounded. Overall cell shape and cell-to-cell relationships were retained regardless of solvent type. It is suggested that solvent evaporation may prove useful in certain cases, though investigators are advised to use caution when interpreting the results obtained by such procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034707"}
{"pmid": "1034708", "title": "Heterogeneity of spacer lengths in circles of amplified ribosomal DNA of two insect species, Dytiscus marginalis and Acheta domesticus.", "content": "Heterogeneity of spacer lengths in circles of amplified ribosomal DNA of two insect species, Dytiscus marginalis and Acheta domesticus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034708"}
{"pmid": "1034711", "title": "Isolation of Monosporium apiospermum from cerebrospinal fluid.", "content": "Isolation of Monosporium apiospermum from cerebrospinal fluid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034711"}
{"pmid": "1034712", "title": "A beta-adrenergic stimulant, salbutamol, in the treatment of pertussis.", "content": "A beta-adrenergic stimulant, salbutamol, in the treatment of pertussis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034712"}
{"pmid": "1034834", "title": "Experimental gastric ulcers in the fundic gland area following transplantation of the gastric-wall pedicles.", "content": "Experimental gastric ulcers in the fundic gland area following transplantation of the gastric-wall pedicles. Using adult mongrel dogs, a portion of the anterior gastric wall of the pyloric gland area was transplanted into the fundic gland area using the Z-plastic procedure forming an islet. Three weeks postoperatively, 2 per cent histamine in sesame oil was injected intramuscularly in a daily dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. Ulcers developed in the graft in nine of 19 animals. The factors responsible to the development of the ulcers may well be circulatory disturbance and reduction of mucosal resistance following surgical insult, and continuous irritation caused by gastric juice. When a portion of the anterior gastric wall of the fundic gland area was transplanted into the fundic gland area followed by administration of histamine in sesame oil, ulcers developed in the graft only in four of 12 animals. Histological examination revealed the regenerated epithelium at the margin of the ulcers. Thus the ulcers presently induced may provide an useful experimental model for ulcers in the fundic gland area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034834"}
{"pmid": "1034842", "title": "Studies on Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. IV. Isolation of Y. pseudotuberculosis from healthy swine.", "content": "Studies on Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. IV. Isolation of Y. pseudotuberculosis from healthy swine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034842"}
{"pmid": "1034843", "title": "Clinical and pathological studies on a spontaneous case of canine systemic atrophic myositis.", "content": "Clinical and pathological studies on a spontaneous case of canine systemic atrophic myositis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034843"}
{"pmid": "1034844", "title": "Delayed hypersensitivity responses of guinea pig and rat to Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection.", "content": "Delayed hypersensitivity responses of guinea pig and rat to Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034844"}
{"pmid": "1034845", "title": "The gastric venous system of the domestic goose.", "content": "The gastric venous system of the domestic goose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034845"}
{"pmid": "1034846", "title": "Cadmium-binding protein in tissues of male rats and Japanese quail.", "content": "Cadmium-binding protein in tissues of male rats and Japanese quail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034846"}
{"pmid": "1034847", "title": "Bacteriophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken staphylococcosis in Japan.", "content": "Bacteriophage typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chicken staphylococcosis in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034847"}
{"pmid": "1034848", "title": "A device for detection of heat in heat-silent buffaloes.", "content": "A device for detection of heat in heat-silent buffaloes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034848"}
{"pmid": "1034850", "title": "Genetic marker in beagle blood: individual difference within blood groups detected by isohemagglutinin.", "content": "Genetic marker in beagle blood: individual difference within blood groups detected by isohemagglutinin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034850"}
{"pmid": "1034853", "title": "Malignant haemangioendothelioma (angiosarcoma) in the dog.", "content": "Malignant haemangioendothelioma (angiosarcoma) in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034853"}
{"pmid": "1034854", "title": "Spontaneous neoplasms of the central nervous system of the cat.", "content": "Spontaneous neoplasms of the central nervous system of the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034854"}
{"pmid": "1034855", "title": "Estradiol receptors: influence of plasma proteins on detection and quantitation.", "content": "Estradiol receptors: influence of plasma proteins on detection and quantitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034855"}
{"pmid": "1034856", "title": "A radioimmunoassay for betamethazone. Preparation of a specific antiserum to betamethazone-3 (O-carboxymethyl) oxime-bovine serum albumin and evaluation of method.", "content": "A radioimmunoassay for betamethazone. Preparation of a specific antiserum to betamethazone-3 (O-carboxymethyl) oxime-bovine serum albumin and evaluation of method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034856"}
{"pmid": "1034857", "title": "Application of theoretical models in ecology.", "content": "Application of theoretical models in ecology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034857"}
{"pmid": "1034861", "title": "Experimental investigations on the different hepatotoxic potential of erythromycin derivatives.", "content": "Experimental investigations on the different hepatotoxic potential of erythromycin derivatives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034861"}
{"pmid": "1034864", "title": "Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors from soybeans.", "content": "Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors from soybeans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034864"}
{"pmid": "1034865", "title": "Effect of certain nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds on carotenogenesis in Verticillium agaricinum.", "content": "Effect of certain nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds on carotenogenesis in Verticillium agaricinum. Pyridine, isonicotinoylhydrazide and 1-methylamidazole have been used to investigate carotenoid biosynthesis in V. agaricinum. The results suggest that both torulin (C40) and neurosporaxanthin (C35) are formed from the precursors phytoene and phytofluene. These was no evidence of lycopene accumulation under these conditions. After 4 days' growth in the presence of isocotinolyhydrazine the fungus contained torulin and neurosporaxanthin only, whereas after 7 days, seven other carotenoids appeared as well, some of which were at the early stages of carotenoid biosynthesis. There results cannot be explained on the basis of a system consisting of free enzymes but of an enzyme aggregate already proposed for Phycomyces.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034865"}
{"pmid": "1034858", "title": "Studies of pharmacological activity several acridine derivatives with cytostatic and oncostatic properties.", "content": "Studies of pharmacological activity several acridine derivatives with cytostatic and oncostatic properties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034858"}
{"pmid": "1034869", "title": "Mycobacterium marinum infection from a tropical fish tank. Treatment with trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole.", "content": "Mycobacterium marinum infection from a tropical fish tank. Treatment with trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole. A paronychial granuloma on the left thumb, in a man who kept tanks of tropical fish, was followed by cutaneous nodules on the left upper limb and tender lymph nodes in the left axilla. Mycobacterium marinum was isolated from the lesion on the thumb and also from the tank water. Subsidence of the lesions followed administration of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034869"}
{"pmid": "1034859", "title": "Behavior of some biochemical components of blood of patients with ovarian carcinoma during Ledakrin treatment.", "content": "Behavior of some biochemical components of blood of patients with ovarian carcinoma during Ledakrin treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034859"}
{"pmid": "1034860", "title": "Antineoplastic activity of C-283 preparation (Ledakrin) in model experiments.", "content": "Antineoplastic activity of C-283 preparation (Ledakrin) in model experiments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034860"}
{"pmid": "1034874", "title": "Isolation and characterization of compatible diploids of Schizophyllum commune.", "content": "Isolation and characterization of compatible diploids of Schizophyllum commune. Common-AB diploids with several heterozygous biochemical markers were mated with appropriately marked haploid strains of S. commune in an effort to obtain compatible, common-A, and common-B diploid progeny with biochemical markers identical to those of the common-AB parent. The spores from these crosses were germinated on minimal medium. Five compatible diploids, but no common-A or common-B diploids, marked as desired, were isolated by this method. Two possessed some dikaryotic cells and two had many dikaryotic cells. One of the latter was shown to have peculiar behaviour associated with one of its B mating-type factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034874"}
{"pmid": "1034877", "title": "The dominant lethal effect of dietary triethylenemelamine.", "content": "The dominant lethal effect of dietary triethylenemelamine. Triethylenemelamine (TEM) was administered in the diet to adult male mice at doses of 0.1, 0.3, 1, 10 or 50 mg/kg body weight for 45 days or at doses of 0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg b.w. for 10 days. As a comparison, male mice were treated intraperitoneally with 5 daily doses of 0.25 or 0.5 mg TEM/kg b.w. At the end of the treatment period, males were mated sequentially with 2 untreated virgin females each for 2 or 3 weeks. Near mid-pregnancy the number of implantation sites and fetal deaths were determined. TEM, administered in the diet at 10 or 50 mg/kg b.w. for 45 dyas, was lethal to male mice. Surviving males from the 1 mg/kg level failed to impregnate any females during the two matings. TEM, given in the diet at 0.1 or 0.3 mg/kg for 10 or 45 dyas, decreased fertility and increased dominant lethal mutations in a dose and time dependent manner. These results were comparable to those obtained from males treated i.p. with TEM at 0.25 or 0.5 mg/kg b.w.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034877"}
{"pmid": "1034881", "title": "Production of immunoglobulins by tumor cell lines from avian lymphoid leukosis.", "content": "Production of immunoglobulins by tumor cell lines from avian lymphoid leukosis. Two avian lymphoma cell lines, 1104-X-5 and 1104-B, were examined for ability to produce immunoglobulin. They were found to produce and release the components of immunoglobulins related to IgG and IgM. The analysis of sucrose density gradient and gel electrophoresis suggested that these components might consist of light chains and fragments of heavy chains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034881"}
{"pmid": "1034882", "title": "Activity of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system during precipitated morphine withdrawal investigated in rats with acute unilateral inactivation of the striatum.", "content": "Activity of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system during precipitated morphine withdrawal investigated in rats with acute unilateral inactivation of the striatum. The activity of the striatal dopamine system during precipitated morphine withdrawl was studied in rats using a model in which the striatum was unilaterally inactivated by the local injection of KCl. In naive rats dopamine agonists administered just prior to KCL induced ipsilateral turning or circling, while dopamine antagonists in the same situation caused contralateral turning. Withdrawal precipitated by morphine antagonists in rats made dependent by repeated implantation of morphine pellets induced contralateral circling during unilateral inactivation of the striatum. This contralateral circling was only slightly enhanced by haloperidol, but strongly enhanced by a low dosage of apomorphine as well as by some weak dopamine agonists such as CB 154 or By 101. However, high doses of apomorphine completely reversed the withdrawal-induced contralateral circling into ipsilateral circling. Other dopamine agonists, such as d-amphetamine, L-Dopa and piribedil, did not abolish the withdrawal-induced contralateral circling, however, they caused the appearance of an additional ipsilateral circling. Other types of drugs which are known to intensify withdrawal-induced jumping (desipramine, atropine, caffeine) enhanced contralateral circling. There are also other parallels jumping and contralateral circling induced by withdrawal. The direction of naloxone-induced asymmetric behaviour during acute unilateral inactivation of the striatum suggests that striatal dopaminergic activity is reduced during precipitated withdrawal; the other results reported point to the possiblity that extrastriatal dopaminergic mechanisms or different dopamine receptor types within the striatum are involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034882"}
{"pmid": "1034878", "title": "Description and chemical analysis of a new species of hallucinogenic Psilocybe from the Pacific Northwest.", "content": "Description and chemical analysis of a new species of hallucinogenic Psilocybe from the Pacific Northwest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034878"}
{"pmid": "1034880", "title": "Re-analysis of radiation-induced specific locus mutations in the mouse.", "content": "Re-analysis of radiation-induced specific locus mutations in the mouse. A re-analysis of published data on mouse mutation rates induced by X and gamma rays suggests that the kinetics of induction can be analysed by fitting the data to a parabolic curve. We interpret this to mean that a substantial proportion of the induced mutations results from gross chromosomal changes such as deletions, some of which are one-track and some of which are two-track. This analysis is based on the assumption that the shape of the dose curve, which in the female is concave upward, reflects the manner in which the mutations are induced rather than representing a one-track (linear) curve whose shape has been modified by differential repair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034880"}
{"pmid": "1034879", "title": "Psychotropic mycoflora of Washington, Idaho, Oregon, California and British Columbia.", "content": "Psychotropic mycoflora of Washington, Idaho, Oregon, California and British Columbia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034879"}
{"pmid": "1034893", "title": "Progesterone action on estrous rhythm in the rat following ventromedial nucleus lesions.", "content": "Progesterone action on estrous rhythm in the rat following ventromedial nucleus lesions. Small bilateral lesions of the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus (SVMN) were produced in 4 day cyclic female Wistar rats by passing a 2 mA cathodic current through stereotaxically oriented platinum unipolar electrodes for 7 sec. The 24 h lengthening of cycle which occurred in 111 our ot 208 females was shown to depend upon lesion placement. Early s.c. injection of 0.75 or 1.5 mg progesterone caused 24 h cycle prolongation more frequently in SVMN-lesioned females with maintained 4 day cycles than in 4 day cyclic unoperated, sham VMN-lesioned, or dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) lesioned females. This effect proved to be related to lesion placement. It was therefore concluded that the VMN is involved in the mechanisms whereby progesterone controls estrous cycle duration in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034893"}
{"pmid": "1034894", "title": "The contribution of genetics to biological psychiatry.", "content": "The contribution of genetics to biological psychiatry. One of the most striking developments in the framework of biological psychiatry, is the use of human as well as animal genetics' methodology in psychiatric research. After reviewing some basic concepts in human genetic research, we shall present the current status of our knowledge on the genetic determinants of the major psychoses, i.e., the affective psychoses and schizophrenia. The importance of genetic research into psychiatry can also be underscored from a biometric point of view in showing its contribution to the clarification of problem of nosology in attempting to subclassify abnormal behavior on a more etiological basis. Finally, a still open field essential to our comprehension of therapeutics emerges from the study of genetic mechanisms involved in drug metabolism and drug response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034894"}
{"pmid": "1034899", "title": "Aortic prolyl hydroxylase and the development of arteriosclerosis in the female breeder rat.", "content": "Aortic prolyl hydroxylase and the development of arteriosclerosis in the female breeder rat. Female breeder rats develop arteriosclerosis spontaneously. The primary lesions seen in the early stages of the disease consist of subintimal and adjacent medial ground substance accumulations. With repeated breeding there is extensive elastolysis and calcification in the aorta. In aortae with developing arterial disease, prolyl hydroxylase activity is elevated as is both aortic protein and hydroxyproline, indicative of increased collagen deposition associated with the sclerotic degeneration. As the disease becomes very severe, however, prolyl hydroxylase activity declines, possibly associated with decreased metabolic activity in the severely calcified aorta. Lactation, followed by forced weaning, may condition the development or arterial disease through effect on collagen metabolism. During the first breeding cycle, aortic prolyl hydroxylase activity is elevated for 5 to 10 days after weaning. This increased collagen metabolism in the aorta may be a primary event in the development of the advanced calcific lesions characteristic of the lesions in breeder rats, and may be affected by hormones associated with different phases of the reproductive cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034899"}
{"pmid": "1034907", "title": "The M. omohyoideus of the mouse as a convenient mammalian muscle preparation.  A study of junctional and extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors by noise analysis and cooperativity.", "content": "The M. omohyoideus of the mouse as a convenient mammalian muscle preparation.  A study of junctional and extrajunctional acetylcholine receptors by noise analysis and cooperativity. Muscles from cats, rats, guinea pigs and mice have been investigated as preparations for visualizing mammalian neuromuscular junctions with the aid of Nomarski interference optics. The M. omohyoideus of the mouse was found to be most convenient. Electrophysiological investigations showed that an endplate is normally surrounded by a population of perijunctional receptors. For junctional receptors in the endplate, a Hill coefficient of nH = 2.6 for acetylcholine was determined at 38 degrees C, decreasing to a value of 2.3 at room temperature. For both perijunctional and extrajunctional receptors (the latter occurring after denervation), the coefficient nH was 1.9. Noise analysis revealed a channel conductance gamma which changed abruptly from 22.4 +/- 1.0 pS (10--23 degrees C) to 45.6 +/- 3.9 pS (34--39 degrees C) in a very small temperature range around 25.5 degrees C. The mean channel lifetime tau was 0.3 ms at 39 degrees C and 1.0 ms at 23 degrees C.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034907"}
{"pmid": "1034908", "title": "Renal tubular reabsorption of taurine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and beta-alanine studied by continuous microperfusion.", "content": "Renal tubular reabsorption of taurine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and beta-alanine studied by continuous microperfusion. Renal tubular reabsorption of taurine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and beta-alanine was studied in vivo et situ by continuous microperfusion of single proximal tubules of the rat. In each case, reabsorption was much slower than that for other amino acids that have been studied. With a concentration of 0.1 mmol/l in initial load was reabsorbed over perfusion distance of 3 mm. Taurine reabsorption saturated with only 2.17 mmol/l in initial perfusate. Assuming simple two-parameter kinetics, upper limits for Km of 0.54 mmol/l and forVmax of 0.59 pmol-cm-1--s-1 for tubular reabsorption of taurine were estimated. High (20 mmol/l) concentrations of taurine or beta-alanine in perfusate completely inhibited GABA reabsorption, but L-phenylalanine (20 mmol/l) had no significant effect. The results indicate that the three amino acids are reabsorbed slowly from the proximal tubule by what may be a common transport system. This system appears to have a high affinity but low capacity and to be different from other known renal tubular transport systems for amino acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034908"}
{"pmid": "1034909", "title": "The time course of phosphorylcreatine resynthesis during recovery of the quadriceps muscle in man.", "content": "The time course of phosphorylcreatine resynthesis during recovery of the quadriceps muscle in man. The time course of phosphorylcreatine (PC) resynthesis in the human m. quadriceps femoris was studied during recovery from exhaustive dynamic exercise and from isometric contraction sustained to fatigue. The immediate postexercise muscle PC content after either form of exercise was 15-16% of the resting muscle content. The time course of PC resynthesis during recovery was biphasic exhibiting a fast and slow recovery component. The half-time for the fast component was 21-22s but this accounted for a smaller fraction of the total PC restored during recovery from the isometric contraction than after the dynamic exercise. The half-time for the slow component was in each case more than 170 s. After 2 and 4 min recovery the total amount of PC resynthesized after the isometric exercise were significantly lower than from the dynamic exercise. Occlusion of the circulation of the quadriceps completely abolished the resynthesis of PC. Restoration of resynthesis occurred only after release of occlusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034909"}
{"pmid": "1034911", "title": "Elimination of vasopressin by the normal and the damaged liver. Experiments on unanaesthetized normal and thiocetamide treated rats with a note on the influence of ethanol.", "content": "Elimination of vasopressin by the normal and the damaged liver. Experiments on unanaesthetized normal and thiocetamide treated rats with a note on the influence of ethanol. Arginine vasopressin was infused into the V. portae and into the V. cava of unanesthetized rats in water diuresis. The differential antidiuretic response of the same animal to these infusions was used to calculate extraction fraction of ADH by the liver. In the normal rat no extraction was detected. The liver of rats hydrated with 5% ethanol extracted 10% and that of rats treated with thioacetamide extracted 60% of the ADH infused into the portal vein. It is postulated that disturbances of liver cell function by narcotics and substances causing liver damage may liberate ADH-destroying ferments into the blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034911"}
{"pmid": "1034910", "title": "Evaluation of a neurogenic rapid coronary dilatation during an excitatory response in conscious dogs.", "content": "Evaluation of a neurogenic rapid coronary dilatation during an excitatory response in conscious dogs. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanisms of coronary adaptation to sudden changes in myocardial oxygen demand that occur during excitement. An excitatory response was evoked either by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamic defence area or by noise (discharge of a fire-arm). Continuous measurement of the oxygen saturation in coronary venous blood was used to judge, whether an increase in coronary flow was adequate to match an increased myocardial oxygen demand. During the excitatory response heart rate, cardiac output and coronary flow increased. However, the increase in coronary flow was not adequate to meet the increased metabolic requirement as indicated by a decrease in coronary venous oxygen saturation. In dogs with experimental atrioventricular block, and with heart rate controlled by external pacing, a rapid coronary dilation occurred during the excitatory response and was accompanied by an increase in coronary venous oxygen saturation. This rapid coronary dilation was abolished by beta-adrenergic blockade. The pattern of coronary flow and coronary venous oxygen saturation that occurred during the excitatory response in normal dogs could be mimicked in dogs with atrioventricular block by increasing the ventricular pacing rate. However, when identical increases in heart rate were induced either excitement or by external pacing, the drop in coronary venous oxygen saturation was significantly larger in the paced series. This demonstrates, that an increase in heart rate is responsible for the transient decrease in coronary venous oxygen saturation during the excitatory response. From these experiments it is concluded that a rapid neurogenic dilation of the coronary vessels occurs during the excitatory response. Under normal conditions this rapid neurogenic dilation is masked by the effect of the accompanying increase in heart rate on extravascular coronary resistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034910"}
{"pmid": "1034913", "title": "Renal urate transport during variations in urate synthesis in the rat.", "content": "Renal urate transport during variations in urate synthesis in the rat. In order to determine the effect of intrarenal synthesis of urate upon the urinary urate excretion in the rat, we effected large changes in urate synthesis by increasing it with allopurinol. Hypoxanthine infusion increased plasma urate rapidly and also increased the urinary urate excretion and its renal clearance. However, when the plasma urate was maintained constant, hypoxanthine had no effect upon renal urate transport. Conversely, allpurinol infusion rapidly diminished the plasma urate, urinary urate excretion and its renal clearance. Again, the maintenance of a constant plasma urate concentration prevented any change in urate transport during allopurinol. The urinary degradative purine metabolic pattern was altered predictably by hypoxanthine and allopurinol. Assuming than any putative intrarenal component of urate synthesis would be affected predictably and consistently by hypoxanthine and allopurinol, these results suggest that changes in intrarenal urate synthesis are not an important determinant of urate excretion in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034913"}
{"pmid": "1034912", "title": "Effects of saline loading on jejunal absorption of calcium, sodium, and water, and on parathyroid hormone secretion in the rat.", "content": "Effects of saline loading on jejunal absorption of calcium, sodium, and water, and on parathyroid hormone secretion in the rat. To investigate whether intestinal calcium absorption parallels that of sodium following extra-cellular fluid volume expansion, the effects of saline loading on intestinal transport of calcium, sodium and water were studied in rats by perfusing jejunal loops in situ. After calcium-free saline infusion net calcium absorption was reversed similar to that of sodium and water and net secretion occurred. Concurrently, blood-to-lumen (b-l) calcium flux, measured using 45Ca, increased significantly (P less than 0.001). Following expansion with calcium-containing Ringer a similar reversal of net calcium, sodium and water flux was also observed. Again the b-l calicum flux increased but to a significantly lesser extent (P less than 0.05). Plasma ionized calcium remained unchanged after calcium-rich Ringer loading, but decreased significantly (P less than 0.001) when calcium was omitted from the solution. Plasma immunoreactive parathyroid hormone unchanged after expansion with the calcium containing solution but increased following calcum-free infusion. It is concluded that after extracellular fluid volume expansion: 1. net jejunal calcium absorption is decreased; 2. the decrease parallels that of sodium and water; 3. b-l calcium transport is enhanced to a greater degree of calcium-free Rnger infusion than by a calcium-rich solution. This difference could be the result of increased parathyroid hormone secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034912"}
{"pmid": "1034915", "title": "A continuous-flow, variable mixing valve for perfusion experiments.", "content": "A continuous-flow, variable mixing valve for perfusion experiments. The device described here continuously mixes two solutions in any required ratio and has been used at flow rates of 6 ml/min in tissue perfusion experiments. Its low-cost construction consists of a three-way miniature solenoid valve driven by a simple electronic circuit. Mixing is stable, reproducible and accurate to +/- 1% of dial setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034915"}
{"pmid": "1034914", "title": "Fatigue and caffeine effects in fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles of the mouse.", "content": "Fatigue and caffeine effects in fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscles of the mouse. In excised, curarized and massively stimulated fast-twitch mouse gastrocnemius muscles the early twitch tension enhancements (treppe) during 1/s activity between 10 and 36 degrees C increase and affect more contractions as temperature increases. Tension output eventually declines at a temperature-independent rate. Half-relaxation time lengthens below 25 degrees C and shortens above 25 degrees C. During 1/0.63s twitches half-relaxation time lengthens even at 25 degrees C. In slow-twitch soleus muscles activity decreases twitch tension and half-relaxation time regardless of temperature. Activity shortens contraction times in both muscles. Oxygen lack induced by NaN3 cannot account satisfactorily for these results. Activation is apparently more plastic in the gastrocnemius than in the soleus, and the relationship between the rates of their activation and relaxation processes and the temperature sensitivities of these rates also seem to differ. In both muscles caffeine can convert activity-induced shortened of half-relaxation times into prolongations. In the soleus this effect is more pronounced at 30 than at 25 degrees C. At high temperature and twitch rates caffeine reduces treppe amplitude and duration without affecting the eventual twitch tension decline in the gastrocnemius while it greatly accelerates twitch tension decline in the soleus. In both muscles intrafiber Ca2+ movements are apparently major determinants of fatigue behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034914"}
{"pmid": "1034916", "title": "Prophylactic, postinfectious and neonatal vaccination against canine distemper in mink.", "content": "Prophylactic, postinfectious and neonatal vaccination against canine distemper in mink. Mink were vaccinated against canine distemper and challenged with the Snyder Hill strain of canine distemper virus. Protection was acquired if vaccination took place more than a few days before challenge. If vaccination took place even early during incubation mortality was higher than in the unvaccinated controls. Full protection of kits may be achieved even at an age of 16 to 20 days provided the kits had not passively acquired immunity from their mothers. Kits surviving distemper because of passively acquired immunity may not actively acquire immunity during infection and may die at a later exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034916"}
{"pmid": "1034927", "title": "Hypertension in pregnancy.", "content": "Hypertension in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034927"}
{"pmid": "1034928", "title": "Clinical applications of 24 hour electrocardiogram recordings.", "content": "Clinical applications of 24 hour electrocardiogram recordings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034928"}
{"pmid": "1034919", "title": "Spectrum of pharmacological actions on brain dopamine. Indications for development of new psychoactive drugs. Discussion of amantadines as examples of new drugs with special actions on dopamine systems.", "content": "Spectrum of pharmacological actions on brain dopamine. Indications for development of new psychoactive drugs. Discussion of amantadines as examples of new drugs with special actions on dopamine systems. Amantadine (D1) and 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane (D145) as examples of new drugs with special actions on dopamine systems are discussed. D1 or D145 decreased significantly apomorphine or amphetamine-induced stereotypy in rats but in experiments with chronic pretreatment with amantadines -- potentiation of stereotypy was observed. D145 (20 mg/kg) abolished stereotypy in these conditions. In biochemical experiments D1 or D145 were neither like apomorphine nor like amphetamine. Its concluded that D1 and D145 in addition to their amine releasing properties have the ability partially to occupy the dopaminergic receptor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034919"}
{"pmid": "1034920", "title": "Central action of ergometrine.", "content": "Central action of ergometrine. Ergometrine, a spasmolytic which also stimulates dopamine receptors, was investigated as a potential central stimulant. It did not influence the locomotor activity of normal rats and mice, and in high doses even depressed it. The locomotor activity depressed by reserpine, spiroperidol, and pimozide was elevated by ergometrine. Ergometrine antagonized neuroleptic-induced catalepsy and abolished ptosis and hypothermia produced by reserpine. Given alone ergometrine depressed the body temperature in rats and mice, and this effect was abolished by pimozide in both species, and by spiroperidol and haloperidol in mice. The hypothermia was not antagonized by atropine. In several respects the central action of ergometrine resembles that of apomorphine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034920"}
{"pmid": "1034921", "title": "The effect of theophylline and caffeine on neuroleptic-induced catalepsy.", "content": "The effect of theophylline and caffeine on neuroleptic-induced catalepsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034921"}
{"pmid": "1034931", "title": "Tissue culture of rat lenses.", "content": "Tissue culture of rat lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034931"}
{"pmid": "1034922", "title": "Effects of pyrazolone-5 derivatives on amphetamine-induced hyperthermia and behavioural changes in rats.", "content": "Effects of pyrazolone-5 derivatives on amphetamine-induced hyperthermia and behavioural changes in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034922"}
{"pmid": "1034924", "title": "Effect of angiotensin on the central action of dopamine.", "content": "Effect of angiotensin on the central action of dopamine. Angiotensin given intraventricularly enhances amphetamine but not apomorphine-induced stereotypy 30 min. after peptide administration. Simultaneous injection of angiotensin and dopamine increases amphetamine -- while decreases apomorphine -- induced stereotypy. The stereotypy produced either by apomorphine or amphetamine in rats pretreated with Ro 4-4602 + L-DOPA was diminished by angiotensin. Angiotensin elevated haloperidol-induced catalepsy. A possibility that angiotensin may inhibit both release and uptake of dopamine by nerve endings is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034924"}
{"pmid": "1034932", "title": "Effect of pinealectomy and of bilateral cervical ganglionectomy on serum LH levels in constant estrous-anovulatory rats.", "content": "Effect of pinealectomy and of bilateral cervical ganglionectomy on serum LH levels in constant estrous-anovulatory rats. The effects of pinealectomy or bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy on serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and ovulation were studied in constant estrous-anovulatory rats bearing a frontal hypothalamic deafferentation (FHD).  Ovulation returned in 65% of the animals undergoing pinealectomy or bilateral superior cervical ganglionectomy.  Almost 50% of these ovulating animals showed elevated serum levels of LH on the day of vaginal proestrus, while the remainder ovulated without appreciable changes in serum LH concentrations.  It is suggested that the absence of an LH peak in the latter cases was due to an insufficient sampling size.  The results suggest that pinealectomy and cervical sympathectomy may result in LH release by interference with the hypothalamic and brain stem serotonergic system involved in the inhibition of LH release.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034932"}
{"pmid": "1034933", "title": "Inhibition of interferon action by cytochalasin B, colchicine, and vinblastine.", "content": "Inhibition of interferon action by cytochalasin B, colchicine, and vinblastine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034933"}
{"pmid": "1034934", "title": "Interferon assay of high sensitivity.", "content": "Interferon assay of high sensitivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034934"}
{"pmid": "1034926", "title": "Influence of albumin degradation products (ADP) on the central action of catecholamines.", "content": "Influence of albumin degradation products (ADP) on the central action of catecholamines. The influence of ADP on the central action of catecholamines was investigated. ADP abolished the central action of noradrenaline, amphetamine and nialamide. The peptides decreased apomorphine stereotypy and enhanced haloperidol induced catalepsy. These results support our previous suggestions [10-14] that ADP acts on the CNS by antagonizing the action of central catecholamines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034926"}
{"pmid": "1034925", "title": "The effect of bradykinin on central dopamine receptors.", "content": "The effect of bradykinin on central dopamine receptors. Bradykinin (BK) injected intraventricularly (ivc) at doses of 0.25-0.5 mug per rat potentiated the depth of fluphenazine catalepsy and depressed or abolished the symptoms of sterotypy produced by amphetamine or apomorphine. BK did not affect the level of dopamine (DA), but elevated the level of homovanillic acid in the brain, and accelerated DA turnover as measured by the rate of dopamine disappearance following treatment with alpha-methyltyrosine. The results suggest that BK inhibits the central dopamine structures by blocking the DA receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034925"}
{"pmid": "1034935", "title": "Hormones and regional brain blood flow.", "content": "Hormones and regional brain blood flow. Acute effects of the hormones, estradiol-17beta and alphaMSH, and of neonatal pretreatment with alphaMSH on the flow of blood to regions of the brains of conscious adult rats have been determined with an indicator distribution technique. As previously reported, flows were reduced in most areas within 10 min after intravenous administration of alphaMSH; only the occipital cortex was spared. Though these effects were transitroy for most areas, perfusion of pons and medulla, cerebellum, hippocampus and parietal cortex was still low by 20 min. However, pretreatment with alphaMSH during infancy led to persistent behavioral changes which were not accompanied by flow differences. Assuming that flow changes reflect functional changes, the rapid responses to alphaMSH suggest an explanation for the effects of this hormone on visual learning and on the determination of subsequent learning behavior. By contrast, estradiol, within 10 min after injection, increased flow to most regions of the brain, especially the frontal cortex, hippocampus, basal ganglia and cerebellum; females were more affected than males. Flow changes were greater than those elicited by more obvious behavior-modifying drugs. Compared to alphaMSH, the flow data for estradiol suggest a physiologic basis for a behavioral effect which is likely to be different yet, perhaps, equally profound.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034935"}
{"pmid": "1034936", "title": "Effects of monoolein on hydrolysis of triglyceride by lipoprotein lipase in the presence of an inhibitory apolipoprotein.", "content": "Effects of monoolein on hydrolysis of triglyceride by lipoprotein lipase in the presence of an inhibitory apolipoprotein. The previously demonstrated inhibition of cow's milk lipoprotein lipase by apoLp-Ala and the deinhibition by monoglyceride have been studied in more detail. The apoLp-Ala inhibition is reversible by the addition of monoglyceride before or after enzyme additions. Quantities of monoglyceride accumulate during hydrolysis of triglyceride which are adequate to prevent inhibition by added apoLp-Ala. Accelerating reaction rates observed when the substrate contains the apoprotein at levels producing partial inhibition are also explained by monoglyceride production. These effects were observed with both crude preparations of skim milk and highly pruified lipase. It is suggested that the generation of monoglyceride may be important in facilitating hydrolysis of triglyceride in lipoproteins containing this inhibitory apolipoprotein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034936"}
{"pmid": "1034937", "title": "Gonadal hormones and body temperature in rats: effects of estrous cycles, castration and steroid replacement.", "content": "Gonadal hormones and body temperature in rats: effects of estrous cycles, castration and steroid replacement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034937"}
{"pmid": "1034923", "title": "Hexobarbital sleeping time in the rat: effects of isolation and lesions of the locus coeruleus.", "content": "Hexobarbital sleeping time in the rat: effects of isolation and lesions of the locus coeruleus. Hexobarbital sleeping time was observed in isolated and nonisolated rats with lesioned locus coeruleus (LC). Isolated animals were divided into 2 groups: aggressive (killers) and indifferent (nonkillers). Each group included rats with no lesion, with sham lesion and with LC lesion. Hexobarbital sleeping time was prolonged in nonisolated male, but not female, rats with lesioned LC (7 and 14 days after the lesion). This effect was not observed in animals previously isolated for 3 weeks. These results suggest that the LC plays an important role in the mechanisms of barbiturate sleep, but this effect may be related to the emotionality of animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034923"}
{"pmid": "1034940", "title": "Progesterone: examination of its postulated inhibitory actions on lordosis during the rat estrous cycle.", "content": "Progesterone: examination of its postulated inhibitory actions on lordosis during the rat estrous cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034940"}
{"pmid": "1034941", "title": "Medial preoptic and anterior hypothalamic lesions: influences on aggressive behavior in female hamsters.", "content": "Medial preoptic and anterior hypothalamic lesions: influences on aggressive behavior in female hamsters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034941"}
{"pmid": "1034942", "title": "Placentophagia in nonpregnant rats: influence of estrous cycle stage and birthplace.", "content": "Placentophagia in nonpregnant rats: influence of estrous cycle stage and birthplace.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034942"}
{"pmid": "1034943", "title": "Behavioral disturbances in a two-way shuttle-box in congenitally jaundiced Gunn rats.", "content": "Behavioral disturbances in a two-way shuttle-box in congenitally jaundiced Gunn rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034943"}
{"pmid": "1034944", "title": "Poison induced pica in rats.", "content": "Poison induced pica in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034944"}
{"pmid": "1034945", "title": "Effects of genital stimulation upon spinal reflex activity of female cats under various hormonal conditions.", "content": "Effects of genital stimulation upon spinal reflex activity of female cats under various hormonal conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034945"}
{"pmid": "1034946", "title": "Intruder gonadectomy and elicitation of territorial aggression in the rat.", "content": "Intruder gonadectomy and elicitation of territorial aggression in the rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034946"}
{"pmid": "1034947", "title": "Effect of neonatal surgery on adult fighting and spacing in mice (Mus musculus).", "content": "Effect of neonatal surgery on adult fighting and spacing in mice (Mus musculus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034947"}
{"pmid": "1034948", "title": "Intellectual differences in relation to personal and family handedness.", "content": "Intellectual differences in relation to personal and family handedness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034948"}
{"pmid": "1034949", "title": "The state of medicinal science.", "content": "The state of medicinal science.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034949"}
{"pmid": "1034984", "title": "Study of pineal regulation mechanism in genital development--influence of light and drugs on genital organs.", "content": "Study of pineal regulation mechanism in genital development--influence of light and drugs on genital organs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034984"}
{"pmid": "1034985", "title": "A simple method for counting antibody bound labelled steroids.", "content": "A simple method for counting antibody bound labelled steroids. A simple method is described for the counting of tritiated antibody-bound steroid after acidification and extraction into a toluene based scintillant. The resulting count rate is stable and quenching is minimal. The method give improved count rates when compared with methods employing scintillants containing methanol, dioxane, or Triton and compares favourably with methods involving pre-heating of antibody-bound steroid or extraction of free steroids after the addition of ammonium sulphate. A specific antibody for estradiol has been used to illustrate the application of the technique to antibody titration curves and standard curves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034985"}
{"pmid": "1034986", "title": "O-(Carboxymethyl)oxime steroidal haptens linked in the C3 position: study of the characteristics of antibodies against 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone and of their evolution with time.", "content": "O-(Carboxymethyl)oxime steroidal haptens linked in the C3 position: study of the characteristics of antibodies against 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone and of their evolution with time. The production of highly sensitive and specific antisera against 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17 OHP) is reported. 17 OHP was rendered antigenic by covalent linkage to bovine serum albumin through position 3 of the steroid. An unambiguous method to prepare the mono-3-0-(carboxy-methyl) oxime derivative (CMO) of 17 OHP is described starting from 17 OHP-acetate. Antisera raised in rabbits were of high affinity for 17 OHP (Ka = 1 to 2 x 10(10) L/mole) and showed very little (less than 0.7%) or no cross reaction with a variety of steroids. Cross-reaction with 17alpha-hydroxy pregnenolone was however significant. When studied in relation to time, cross-reaction of the latter steroid decreased significantly (18 to 2%) while Ka remained at the same level. The same study of the evolution with time (up to 600 days) of the characteristics of antisera raised against the 3 CMO derivative of testosterone is also reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034986"}
{"pmid": "1034992", "title": "Parkinsonism and neurogenic bladder. Experimental and clinical observations.", "content": "Parkinsonism and neurogenic bladder. Experimental and clinical observations. In a group of patients suffering from Parkinson's disease, beside neurogenic bladder dysfunction, we have also found dysfunction affecting the external sphincter musculature. Treatment with L-Dopa probably improves the urethral symptoms by providing a relaxing effect on the urethral closure pressur together with better coordination of the pelvic floor and external sphincter Mechanism during micturition. The effect was parallel to the improvement in Parkinsonion symptoms. Experimental studies demonstrate the ability of L-Dopa to reduce urethral closure pressure and this effect was related to a central effect on the skeletal musculature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034992"}
{"pmid": "1034995", "title": "Oestrous behaviour in a herd of dairy cows.", "content": "Oestrous behaviour in a herd of dairy cows. A group of 60 housed Friesian cows were observed continuously for a period of 25 days, during which time all cows were recorded for incidence of mounting activity and 18 selected cows were recorded for various aspects of maintenance activity. All 60 cows were judged as showing oestrus. Average duration of oestrus (+/-SD) in 33 cows was 14-9 +/- 4-7 hours, and the cows were mounted 56-3 +/- 34-8 times. The greatest mounting activity was associated with the night hours. There was no diurnal pattern of onset of oestrus. The majority of mounting activity (79 per cent) occurred in the cubicle area of the building. Comparison of maintenance activities showed that oestrous cows spent, on average, less time standing in a cubicle (P less than 0-01), lying in a cubicle (P less than 0-001) and more time standing elsewhere (P less than 0-001) than non-oestrous cows. The results are discussed in relation to oestrus detection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034995"}
{"pmid": "1034990", "title": "The importance of gonadothropin assays in the clinical follow up patients with germinal tumors of the testis.", "content": "The importance of gonadothropin assays in the clinical follow up patients with germinal tumors of the testis. Clinical-hormone studied were done on 34 patients with germinal tumors of the testis. The gonadotropin titres varied from normal to highly elevated values. Only in 4 cases (11.77%), however, were the gonadotropin titres above 10,000 mouse units/24 hours. These 4 were among the 9 cases (26.47%) with positive pregnancy tests. Gynaecomastia was present in 4 patients (11.77%). Total estrogens were assayed in these 4 cases and were found to be high. Gynaecomastia is attributed to excess estrogens. Elevated gonadotropin titres were found predominantly in cases of embryonal carcinoma, teratocarcinoma and choriocarcinoma, as well as in the most advanced clinical stages. As regards the correlation between gonadotropin titres and course of the tumor, it was found that the higher the titre the worse the prognosis. The results suggest that hormonal assays are of value in the clinical follow-up of testicular germinal tumors and should therefore be carried out in association with other clinical parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034990"}
{"pmid": "1034996", "title": "Effect of lactation on the immune response to gastrointestinal nematodes.", "content": "Effect of lactation on the immune response to gastrointestinal nematodes. The immune expulsion of gastrointestinal nematodes is impaired during lactation by the inhibition of the lymphocyte mediated component. As a result the population of worms may increase. At the same time, the fecundity of female worms in previously immune hosts may increase to approach that of worms in fully susceptible animals. There is good evidence that these events are primarily endocrinal in origin but although prolactin is probably involved, certain anomalies exist. These may reflect differences in the secretion pattern of the hormone in different phases of reproduction or they may indicate an interrelationship with a second hormone, for instance, adrenal glucocorticoids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1034996"}
{"pmid": "1035006", "title": "Erysipelothrix insidiosa endocarditis. A report of two cases in Jamaica.", "content": "Erysipelothrix insidiosa endocarditis. A report of two cases in Jamaica.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035006"}
{"pmid": "1035019", "title": "Effect of sodium fluoride on glycolysis in human erythrocytes and Ehrlich ascites tumour cells in vitro.", "content": "Effect of sodium fluoride on glycolysis in human erythrocytes and Ehrlich ascites tumour cells in vitro. In human erythrocytes and Ehrlich ascites tumour cells, NaF inhibites aerobic glucose utilization and lactate formation. The inhibition of glycolysis was accompanied by a decrease in cellular pyruvate and ATP, and by accumulation of 2-hosphoenolpyruvate. These results and direct enzymatic determinations showed that fluoride inhibits, in addition to enolase (phosphopyruvate hydratase, EC 4.2.1.11), also pyruvate kinase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035019"}
{"pmid": "1035028", "title": "Variations in the spontaneous activity of the uterine muscle in vitro and in situ and its response to oxytocin.", "content": "Variations in the spontaneous activity of the uterine muscle in vitro and in situ and its response to oxytocin. A study is made of the contractile and bioelectrical activities of the uterine muscle of guinea-pig in vitro and of rabbit in vitro and in situ, as well as their Oxytocin-induced changes upon different balance of the ovarial hormones. In rabbits in situ the uterine muscle contractions are longer and are recorded with a slower rhythm than in vitro. Both in situ and in vitro the sensitivity of the myometrium to Oxytocin is lower upon domination of progesteron and higher upon domination of oestrogen. In guinea pigs the myometrium is least sensitive to Oxytocin in the juvenile animals as compared with the sexually mature ones. The sensitivity of the guinea-pig myometrium to oxytocin in the various phases of the oestral cycle is weakest during dioestrus and strongest during oestrus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035028"}
{"pmid": "1035031", "title": "Exocrine pancreatic function measured by secretin-pancreozymin test in chronic duodenal ulcer.", "content": "Exocrine pancreatic function measured by secretin-pancreozymin test in chronic duodenal ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035031"}
{"pmid": "1035029", "title": "Pharmacological analysis of certain mechanisms of morphine addiction.", "content": "Pharmacological analysis of certain mechanisms of morphine addiction. The effects of L-Dopa, Methysergid, Diphenhydramine hydrochloride and LSD on the development of morphine dependence and the abstience syndrome after its withdrawal, were tested in experiments on 200 male Wistar albino rats. L-Dopa had no efect on the development of physical morphine dependence, while Methysergid prevented its development. Applied in rats during the abstinence syndrome, LSD intensified their aggressivity with no influence on the analgesic effect of morphine. Diphenhydramine reduced the aggressiveness of the rats during the abstinence syndrome. Biochemical tests show that in morphine-tolerant rats there was an increase in the content of brain serotonin, less of dopamine and no changes in noradrenaline. The significance of the brain levels of serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline for the development of physical morphine-dependence is discussed. It is pointed out that serotonin and dopamine play an important role both for the origin of the physical morphine dependence, and in the abstinence syndrome after its withdrawal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035029"}
{"pmid": "1035032", "title": "The induction of cytochrome P-450 by hypoxia.", "content": "The induction of cytochrome P-450 by hypoxia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035032"}
{"pmid": "1035033", "title": "Control mechanisms of oxygen and glucose utilization in tumours.", "content": "Control mechanisms of oxygen and glucose utilization in tumours.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035033"}
{"pmid": "1035035", "title": "Experimental and theoretical analysis of oxygen transport in fetal brain.", "content": "Experimental and theoretical analysis of oxygen transport in fetal brain. Based on the results obtained in this study and the results of others it seems safe to conclude the following: 1) Fetal brain PO2 values are considerably lower than those found in adult brain. 2) Administration of 100% oxygen to the mother can (but not always) significantly raise the PO2 at a specific point in the fetal cortex. 3) The response of fetal brain PO2 to changes in maternal arterial PO2 is delayed by a finite quantity of time of the order of magnitude of 38 seconds. 4) The time required for the fetal brain PO2 to reach a minimum following a decrease in the PO2 of maternal arterial blood coincides closely with the time required for the maternal arterial PO2 to reach its minimum plus the pure transport delay time (38 seconds). 5) The fetus has available a control mechanism which acts to compensate for periods of reduced PO2 in the microenvironment of the fetal cortex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035035"}
{"pmid": "1035034", "title": "Development and adaptation of heart mitochondrial respiratory chain function in fetus and in newborn.", "content": "Development and adaptation of heart mitochondrial respiratory chain function in fetus and in newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035034"}
{"pmid": "1035036", "title": "An electron microscopic study of the lens epithelium in a mouse strain with hereditary cataract.", "content": "An electron microscopic study of the lens epithelium in a mouse strain with hereditary cataract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035036"}
{"pmid": "1035027", "title": "Nephrotic syndrome with early renal amyloidosis in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.", "content": "Nephrotic syndrome with early renal amyloidosis in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035027"}
{"pmid": "1035061", "title": "Compositional data on some Persian bezoars.", "content": "Compositional data on some Persian bezoars. Fourteen Bezoars from Persia, used in past times and even to-day as a medicine or as a health-preserving precious tone, are examined. Among the concretions ellagic acid prevails. Some are bile pigmented or calcite stones. Other bezoars are mineral substances or artifacts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035061"}
{"pmid": "1035064", "title": "The rapid onset of inhibition of antibody-forming cell proliferation upon an increase in density of cellular suspensions cultured in vitro.", "content": "The rapid onset of inhibition of antibody-forming cell proliferation upon an increase in density of cellular suspensions cultured in vitro. It was shown previously that the development of primary immune response in vitro in the Mishell-Dutton system was strongly inhibited by increased cell densities (Gurvich et al., Immunology 1975. 28: 271). In the present work, the rate of onset of this inhibition was studied in C57BL/6 mouse spleen cell suspensions during the phase of exponential increase of antibody-forming cells (AFC) after 3 days' cultivation in vitro with the antigen. It has been shown that the increase in AFC number is very soon inhibited following an increase in the cellular density, the inhibition already being evident within 2 or 4 h. Parallel reduction in incorporation of radioactive precursors in DNA and especially RNA is observed, whereas inhibition of protein synthesis was delayed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035064"}
{"pmid": "1035068", "title": "Retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion: Part I.", "content": "Retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion: Part I. Eight patients with retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion were studied. Retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion occurs when the vein occlusion is severe and there is marked capillary nonperfusion and leakage. The detachment is limited to the area of the occluded vein and does not extend beyond the equator. Usually the detachment is shallow; however, it can be bullous as demonstrated in 3 of our patients. Fluorescein angiography revealed the typical findings associated with branch vein occlusion, in addition to late pooling of the dye into the fluid in the subretinal space. In each of the 6 cases treated by laser photocoagulation, reattachment of the retina occurred. The disease is discussed from the standpoint of ocular findings, fluorescein angiography, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, course, treatment, and prognosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035068"}
{"pmid": "1035069", "title": "Retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion: Part II.", "content": "Retinal detachment secondary to branch vein occlusion: Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035069"}
{"pmid": "1035073", "title": "The possibility of a flaw underlying Weinberg's differential rule.", "content": "The possibility of a flaw underlying Weinberg's differential rule. There seems rather good evidence that there is a flaw underlying Weinberg's Differential Rule, and that among DZ twin pairs, there are perhaps eight same-sexed pairs to every seven opposite-sexed pairs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035073"}
{"pmid": "1035074", "title": "Paternal age, stillbirths and mutation.", "content": "Paternal age, stillbirths and mutation. Previous suggestions that accumulation of mutations in the germ line of ageing fathers causes an increased stillbirth rate were based on analyses of data which were heterogeneous for social variables whose effects were confounded with possible paternal age effects. This study was confined to the analysis of stillbirth rates of groups of women selected to be homogeneous for education, previous pregnancy outcomes, age, race and marital status. It is concluded that stillbirth rates do not increase with father's age independently of maternal variables. Neither accumulation of mutations in the paternal germ line nor other biological change associated with father's age can be inferred to cause an increase in risk of stillbirth with increasing paternal age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035074"}
{"pmid": "1035075", "title": "The effect of halides on the equilibrium and reactivity of aspartate aminotransferase.", "content": "The effect of halides on the equilibrium and reactivity of aspartate aminotransferase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035075"}
{"pmid": "1035076", "title": "Reaction of antibody to normal human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase with products of mutant genes.", "content": "Reaction of antibody to normal human hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase with products of mutant genes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035076"}
{"pmid": "1035079", "title": "Variety of 2,4-D metabolic pathways in plants; its significance in developing analytical methods for herbicides residues.", "content": "Variety of 2,4-D metabolic pathways in plants; its significance in developing analytical methods for herbicides residues. 2,4-D in plants very rapidly undergoes various transformations and its predominant metabolic pathways and rates vary with different plant species. In bean and soybean plants major 2,4-D metabolites are 4-O-beta-D-glucosides of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dichloro- and 4-hydroxy-2,3-dichloro-phenoxy-acetic acids; in addition, considerable amounts of N-(2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetyl)-L-aspartic and N-(2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetyl)-L-glutamic acids are accumulating in them. Among 2,4-D metabolites in cereals there prevailed 1-O-(2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetyl)-beta-D-glucose while the glycoside of 2,4-dichlorophenol prevailed in strawberry plants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035079"}
{"pmid": "1035083", "title": "[Clinical studies on results of repair of ventricular septal defect associated with severe pulmonary hypertension. Mortality and hemodynamic changes in various age groups].", "content": "[Clinical studies on results of repair of ventricular septal defect associated with severe pulmonary hypertension. Mortality and hemodynamic changes in various age groups].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035083"}
{"pmid": "1035088", "title": "A note on the kinetics of uptake of D-glucose by the food yeast, Candida utilis.", "content": "A note on the kinetics of uptake of D-glucose by the food yeast, Candida utilis. Unlike other yeasts so far investigated, the D-glucose carrier of Candida utilis (strain NCYC 737) appears to change affinity for D-glucose according to its exogenous concentration. When the concentration of D-glucose was less than 0.4 mM, the apparent Km approximately 0.2 mM; at greater than 0.4 mM, the Km approximately 10 mM.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035088"}
{"pmid": "1035090", "title": "Synthesis and biological properties of derivatives of 3-methyl-5-aminoisothiazolo-4-carboxylic acid.", "content": "Synthesis and biological properties of derivatives of 3-methyl-5-aminoisothiazolo-4-carboxylic acid. The reaction of 3-methyl-5-aminoisothiazolo-4-carboxylic acid with the chlorides of chloroacetaic acid and chloropropionic acid gave 3-methyl-5-chloroacetyl- and 5-chloropropionylisothiazolo-4-carboxylic acids, which upon heating in anhydrous ethanol with aliphatic and aromatic amines gave the respective 5-aminoacetyl and amino-propionyl derivatives of these acids. Iodoacetyloaminoisothiazolo-4-carboxylic acid in reaction with ammonia was converted in 3-methylo-5-aminoacetylo-aminoisothiazolo-4-carboxylic acid, which upon heating in toluene with isocyanates and isothiocyanates gave the respective derivatives of urea and thiourea. Some of the synthesized compounds showed psychotropic and cytostatic activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035090"}
{"pmid": "1035095", "title": "UV irradiation of interferon-treated chick embryo cells enhances Sindbis virus growth.", "content": "UV irradiation of interferon-treated chick embryo cells enhances Sindbis virus growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035095"}
{"pmid": "1035094", "title": "Growth, purification and characterization of Semliki Forest virus in Ehrlich ascites tumor cell suspensions.", "content": "Growth, purification and characterization of Semliki Forest virus in Ehrlich ascites tumor cell suspensions. The growth of Semliki Forest Virus (SFV) in suspension cultures of Ehrlich Ascites (EA) cells and its purification is described. Large volumes of virus material were concentrated by filtration with DIAFLO XM-300 membrane and precipitation with ammonium sulfate. A combination of protamine sulfate treatment, centrifugation of the virus onto a 50 per cent sucrose cushion, and sedimentation through a 5--30 per cent sucrose density gradient was employed. The purified virus particles were homogeneous as revealed by electron microscopy, by moving boundary electrophoresis, and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Virus suspensions containing 1 mg/ml of protein had a hemagglutinin titer of 1:12,000 when measured with 0.25 per cent goose red blood cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035094"}
{"pmid": "1035096", "title": "The role of the Tasmanian devil in the epizootiology of ovine cysticercosis and echinococcosis.", "content": "The role of the Tasmanian devil in the epizootiology of ovine cysticercosis and echinococcosis. Tasmanian devils were fed infective cystic material of Taenia ovis, T. hydatigena and Echinococcus granulosus and later killed and examined for adult tapeworms. No infections with T. ovis were found after feeding 23 cysts to 8 devils. T. hydatigena were recovered from 5 to 41 devils and 10 worms established after feeding 417 cysticerci. No E. granulosus were recovered from any of 3 devils. Specimens of T. hydatigena appeared to develop as well in devils as in dogs. From these and previous results devils could be successful hosts to T. hydatigena and T. ovis. A survey of 320 devils failed to detect any natural infections with any of these 3 species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035096"}
{"pmid": "1035097", "title": "Lymnaea columella in aquariums.", "content": "Lymnaea columella in aquariums.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035097"}
{"pmid": "1035098", "title": "Electroconvulsive shock- or puromycin-induced retention deficits in goldfish given two active-avoidance sessions.", "content": "Electroconvulsive shock- or puromycin-induced retention deficits in goldfish given two active-avoidance sessions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035098"}
{"pmid": "1035099", "title": "Modulation of passive-avoidance behavior of rats by intracerebroventricular administration of antivasopressin serum.", "content": "Modulation of passive-avoidance behavior of rats by intracerebroventricular administration of antivasopressin serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035099"}
{"pmid": "1035100", "title": "Exposure to the odor of food determines the eating preferences of rat pups.", "content": "Exposure to the odor of food determines the eating preferences of rat pups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035100"}
{"pmid": "1035101", "title": "Prenatal influences on the responsivity of neonate rats.", "content": "Prenatal influences on the responsivity of neonate rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035101"}
{"pmid": "1035102", "title": "Retrieval facilitation in normal and amnesic rats with kinesthetic feedback.", "content": "Retrieval facilitation in normal and amnesic rats with kinesthetic feedback.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035102"}
{"pmid": "1035103", "title": "Variable temporal gradients of retrograde amnesia: contingency on tasks and species.", "content": "Variable temporal gradients of retrograde amnesia: contingency on tasks and species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035103"}
{"pmid": "1035104", "title": "Comparisons of sexual receptivity and proceptivity in female hamsters.", "content": "Comparisons of sexual receptivity and proceptivity in female hamsters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035104"}
{"pmid": "1035105", "title": "Progesterone and 5alpha-reduced metabolites: facilitation of lordosis behavior and brain uptake in female hamsters.", "content": "Progesterone and 5alpha-reduced metabolites: facilitation of lordosis behavior and brain uptake in female hamsters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035105"}
{"pmid": "1035106", "title": "Pattern of food intake and body weight gain in aged, noncycling female rats.", "content": "Pattern of food intake and body weight gain in aged, noncycling female rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035106"}
{"pmid": "1035107", "title": "Studies on the behaviour of cyprinodont fish. III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger).", "content": "Studies on the behaviour of cyprinodont fish. III. The temporal patterning of aggression in Aphyosemion striatum (Boulenger).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035107"}
{"pmid": "1035108", "title": "Effects of male aggressiveness on behavioural transitions in the reproductive cycle of the Barbary dove.", "content": "Effects of male aggressiveness on behavioural transitions in the reproductive cycle of the Barbary dove.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035108"}
{"pmid": "1035109", "title": "Purification and some properties of a medium-chain acyl-thioester hydrolase from lactating-rabbit mammary gland which terminates chain elongation in fatty acid synthesis.", "content": "Purification and some properties of a medium-chain acyl-thioester hydrolase from lactating-rabbit mammary gland which terminates chain elongation in fatty acid synthesis. 1. An acyl-thioester hydrolase was isolated from the cytosol of lactating-rabbit mammary gland. The purified enzyme terminates fatty acid synthesis at medium-chain (C8:0-C12:0) acids when it is incubated with fatty acid synthetase and rate-limiting concentrations of malonyl-CoA. These acids are characteristic products of the lactating gland. 2. The mol.wt. of the enzyme is 29000+/-500 (mean+/-S.D. of three independent preparations), as estimated by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. 3. The enzyme also hydrolyses acyl-CoA esters of chain lengths C10:0-C16:0 when these are used as model substrates. The greatest activity was towards dodecanoyl-CoA, and the three preparations had specific activities of 305, 1130 and 2010 nmol of dodecanoyl-CoA hydrolysed/min per mg of protein when 56muM substrate was used. 4. The way in which this enzyme controls the synthesis of medium-chain fatty acids by fatty acid synthetase is briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035109"}
{"pmid": "1035111", "title": "Administration of peripheral-blood rat-lymphocytes stimulated \"in vitro\" with human lymphokines and spleen colonies in the total body irradiated rat.", "content": "Administration of peripheral-blood rat-lymphocytes stimulated \"in vitro\" with human lymphokines and spleen colonies in the total body irradiated rat. It was previously reported that PHA-incubation of a pool of peripheral-blood lymphocytes before their i.v. injection into rats submitted to total body irradiation, stimulates spleen colony formation and growth. On the same model, the present study has investigated the effect of lymphocyte preincubation with supernates obtained in short term cultures from human lymphocytes prestimulated with PHA (lymphokines). The \"in vitro\" culture of rat lymphocytes in a medium supplemented with human lymphokines showed either a marked increase of lymphocyte survival rate, or significant stimulation of lymphocyte blastogenesis, but at an extent much lower than that caused by PHA, also because in this particular experiment the culture medium was supplemented with too little amount of lymphokines. These data support the interpretation that human lymphokines may act across the species barriers. Peripheral-blood rat lymphocytes prestimulated with human lymphokines, and then injected i.v. into rats previously submitted to total body irradiation, caused significant increase in the spleen weight, as well as formation of spleen colonies quite larger and with higher erythroid differentiation - though less numerous than in the controls (i.e., in the rats injected just with untreated lymphocytes). This behaviour may be due to the tendency to merge together of two or more colonies in a single giant colony, and supports the interpretation that immune-competent lymphocytes activated either with PHA or with lymphokines may stimulate spleen colony growth and erythroid differentiation, though at different extents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035111"}
{"pmid": "1035113", "title": "The effect of narcotic and narcotic-antagonist drugs in the newborn rabbit.", "content": "The effect of narcotic and narcotic-antagonist drugs in the newborn rabbit. The newborn rabbit responds to acute anoxia, as a result of breathing nitrogen, with successive periods of dyspnoea, primary apnoea, gasping and terminal apnoea. Pethidine caused an increase in the period of primary apnoea and a decrease in the duration and rate of gasping. When nalorphine was combined with pethidine the period of primary apnoea was still increased although the duration and number of gasps were restored to control values. Naloxone, in contrast, acted as a mild respiratory stimulant, shown as a longer phase of dyspnoea. Also it completely abolished the respiratory depression produced by pethidine. Naloxone may be preferable to nalorphine as a drug to reverse the effects of pethidine immediately after birth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035113"}
{"pmid": "1035112", "title": "Effect of halothane and diethyl ether on the circulatory response to carbon dioxide in the isolated perfused cat lung.", "content": "Effect of halothane and diethyl ether on the circulatory response to carbon dioxide in the isolated perfused cat lung. Constant flow perfusion of the pulmonary circulation was established in isolated cat lungs. These were ventilated with 5% carbon dioxide in oxygen in order to maintain a near-normal carbon dioxide tension and acid-base status in the perfusing blood. The alteration of pulmonary vascular resistance in response to a change in inspired carbon dioxide concentration from 5% to 10% was investigated before, during and after the administration of 1% halothane (in 16 perfusions) or 5% diethyl ether (in 8 perfusions). An increase of inspired carbon dioxide concentration caused a significant increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, but the magnitude of the increase was diminished during the administration of both anaesthetic agents. The response increased again after the anaesthetics were withdrawn. The administration of halothane during ventilation with 5% carbon dioxide caused a significant reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance whilst diethyl ether resulted in a significant increase in this measurement. It is suggested that inhalation anaesthetic agents may increase ventilation/perfusion mismatching by altering the normal vasoconstrictor response to increased alveolar PCO2;", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035112"}
{"pmid": "1035114", "title": "Kinetics of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by spin labeled acetylcholine analogs.", "content": "Kinetics of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by spin labeled acetylcholine analogs. A series of spin labeled acetycholine analogs, in which the number of methylene groups between the quaternary nitrogen and the alcohol oxygen ranged between 1-5, have been examined as inhibitors of electric eel acetylcholinesterase. Evidence is presented suggesting that inhibition of acetylocholinesterase by the spin labeled ACH analogs is due to the high affinity of these compounds for the enzyme, inhibition is competitive and reversible. It has been shown that complex formation is of major importance in the reaction between spin labeled ACH analogs and acetylcholinesterase. The acetylation step has been shown to occur by demonstrating that the leaving group is released as the reaction proceeds. Complex formation has been demonstrated by means of kinetic criteria. Kinetic parameter have been measured for the five compounds, and correlations with alkaline hydrolysis are disussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035114"}
{"pmid": "1035121", "title": "Division of the external urethral sphincter in the neuropathic bladder: a twenty years' review.", "content": "Division of the external urethral sphincter in the neuropathic bladder: a twenty years' review. It is now twenty years since the authors first performed division of the external sphincter region in the treatment of the neuropathic bladder. Although a ten year report was published in 1967, it was decided to review all the patients at the end of the twenty year period. The rationale of the operation in the upper motor neurone lesion has been confirmed by modern investigative techniques, while it appears from recent work that the success of the procedure in the lower motor neurone case is due to division of plain muscle which is subjected to excessive sympathetic stimulation. It is the authors' firm conviction that long term catheterization, whether permanent or intermittent is a confession of failure and can be avoided in the vast majority of patients. The operation has proved of permanent benefit especially with the regard to the elimination of residual urine. Further, hydronephrosis, and renal infection and failure, are also benefited in many cases. These factors are of great importance in a condition in which late morbidity and mortality has been usually due to renal causes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035121"}
{"pmid": "1035125", "title": "Selective ploidy of chromosomes in ascites tumor cells.", "content": "Selective ploidy of chromosomes in ascites tumor cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035125"}
{"pmid": "1035126", "title": "Amino acids content in the proteins of fresh- and salt-water crustaceans.", "content": "Amino acids content in the proteins of fresh- and salt-water crustaceans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035126"}
{"pmid": "1035122", "title": "Anterior detrusor tube repair for urinary incontinence in children.", "content": "Anterior detrusor tube repair for urinary incontinence in children. The technique, complications and results of an anterior detrusor tube repair for urinary incontinence in children is described. It appears that this procedure is appropriate only for selected cases of urinary incontinence but that it is an operation which should be within the paediatric urologist's repertoire. It is simple to perform, but care should be taken, by omental packing, to prevent a sharp posterior lip to the newly formed bladder neck.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035122"}
{"pmid": "1035127", "title": "Natural occurrence of an inhibitor of mammalian cell growth in human and mouse cells of normal and tumor origin.", "content": "Natural occurrence of an inhibitor of mammalian cell growth in human and mouse cells of normal and tumor origin. N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)adenosine was found both as a component of tRNA and as the cytoplasmic mononucleotide in human leukemic lymphoblasts and myeloblasts from peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. This hypermodified nucleotide was also found in the tRNA and as a mononucleotide in human (MRC-5 and KB) and mouse (A9, FLV, LM, and RAG) cell lines. The relative amounts of this hypermodified nucleotide in the tRNA of the cell lines and the human leukemias were similar (the mean value being 0.06 +/- 0.03 mole % of the total tRNA nucleotide content); whereas the amounts occurring as the free cytoplasmic mononucleotide were more varied but still comparable (the mean value being 0.53 +/- .09 mole % of all cytoplasmic nucleotides) for all cells investigated with the notable exception of all normal, diploid cell lines under study (0.04 mole%). A possible relationship of the free cytoplasmic mononucleotide with the nucleotide in the tRNA for control of mammalian cell protein synthesis in vivo was investigated by addition of N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)adenosine to the culture medium. The exogenously added nucleoside caused inhibition of cell growth within 3 h and cell death within 36 h at concentrations as low as 0.4 muM. No comparable effects were seen when adenosine, adenine, or N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)-adenine were added to the cultures. The simultaneous presence of adenosine in cultures containing N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)adenosine did not alter the detrimental effects of the hypermodified nucleoside on cell growth even when the concentration of adenosine was 50-fold that of N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)adenosine. Addition of N6-(delta2-isopentenyl)adenosine to cell cultures caused within the first 6 h a significant reduction in the rates of RNA and protein synthesis; whereas DNA synthesis continued at a rate comparable to control and adenosine-treated cells for 18 h before decreasing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035127"}
{"pmid": "1035128", "title": "Hydrocortisone inhibits the spontaneous detachment of viable mammary tumor cells from monolayer cultures.", "content": "Hydrocortisone inhibits the spontaneous detachment of viable mammary tumor cells from monolayer cultures. Primary mammary adenocarcinomas of C3H mice were dissociated to single cells. These cells were seeded at a density of 5 x 10(5)/cm2 substrate area and were grown as monolayers for 36 days in high-serum medium supplemented with insulin. Cultures became confluent within a few days and confluence was maintained throughout the culture period. Viable cells (representing amitotic cell population) were released spontaneously from the confluent monolayer and could be harvested from the culture fluid. The rate of cell release declined after about 30 days, apparently due to mitotic pool depletion. Release of cells from the monolayer was strongly depressed in medium containing hydrocortisone. The cell release event and its alteration by hydrocortisone can be interpreted as reflecting the propensity towards shedding of cells from these tumors in vivo and the alteration of metastatic incidence by adrenal steroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035128"}
{"pmid": "1035129", "title": "Presence of cellular rentinol and retinoic acid binding proteins in experimental rumors.", "content": "Presence of cellular rentinol and retinoic acid binding proteins in experimental rumors. Cellular retinol and retinoic acid binding proteins were detected in mouse skin papillomas, human adenocarcinoma HAD-1, Dunning Leukemia, Walker 256 carcinosarcoma and mammary adenocarcinoma MAC-1. A chondrosarcoma and Sarcoma 180 apparently contain only the cellular retinoic acid binding protein. Neither protein could be detected in Ehrlich carcinoma and L1210 leukemia. The presence of these proteins might be necessary for sensitivity to retinoid therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035129"}
{"pmid": "1035130", "title": "Excision of epithelial tumors: CO2 laser versus conventional methods.", "content": "Excision of epithelial tumors: CO2 laser versus conventional methods. In a comparative experimental study, excisions of a transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma in BDF1 mice were performed by means of the CO2 laser and conventional methods, namely common scalpel and diathermy. The results showed a significant reduction in tumor recurrence and animal mortality rates (27.5% vs. 75% and 45%) after tumor excision with the laser in the early stage (5th day) of tumor development. This finding, in addition to the surgical properties of the CO2 laser, suggests that early excision using this modality is a rational treatment of this type of tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035130"}
{"pmid": "1035131", "title": "Common metabolites of N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylomorpholine and N-nitroso-bis(2-oxopropyl)amine in the Syrian hamster.", "content": "Common metabolites of N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylomorpholine and N-nitroso-bis(2-oxopropyl)amine in the Syrian hamster. N-Nitroso-2,6-demethylmorpholine (NDMM) administered intraperitoneally to Syrian hamsters was metabolized  to N-nitroso-bis(2-hydroxypropy)(2-oxopropyl)amine(HPOP) and N-nitroso-bis(2-hydroxpropyl)amine (BHP) which were identified in blood and urine. The potent pancreatic carcinogen N-nitroso-bis(2-oxoproply)amine was previously shown to form the same metabolites. Preliminary results indicate that NDMM also induces pancreatic and other tumors in Syrian hamsters, similar to those found following BHP treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035131"}
{"pmid": "1035132", "title": "Phase I alternate-day dose study of chromomycin A3.", "content": "Phase I alternate-day dose study of chromomycin A3. Chromomycin A3 was given to 43 patients with metastatic cancer in order to determine the tolerable dose when the drug was administered on an every-other-day dose schedule for a total of five iv push injections, with the course of therapy being repeated every 4 weeks. At least three patients were entered at each dose level, graduated in 0.1-mg/m2 increments between 0.7 and 1.6 mg/m2. The most common (19 patients) side effect was nausea and/or vomiting, but this was usually mild, lasted for a few hours, and diminished in severity with repeated injections. Skin necrosis due to drug extravasation was a problem early in the study, but was eliminated by injecting the drug through iv tubing. Transient elevations in SGOT and alkaline phosphatase levels were observed, but proved not to be of serious consequence. Renal toxicity proved to be the limiting factor in therapy. However, a dose level of 1.3 mg/m2 was found to be a tolerable level of drug administration in previously untreated patients. Objective tumor responses were noted in four patients (Hodgkin's disease, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, adenocarcinoma of the lung, and malignant melanoma).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035132"}
{"pmid": "1035134", "title": "Structural studies on the extracellular polysaccharide of the red alga, Porhyridium.", "content": "Structural studies on the extracellular polysaccharide of the red alga, Porhyridium. Partial acid hydrolyzates of the extracellular polysaccharide from Porphyridium cruentum yield three disaccharides and two uronic acids. These constitute all of the uronic acid in the polymer. The novel disaccharides are 3-O(alpha-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-L-galactose, 3-O-(2-O-methyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-D-galactose, and 3-O-(2-O-methly-alpha-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-D-glucose. The polyanion of high molecular weight contains D- and L-galactose, xylose, D-glucose, D-glucuronic acid and 2-O-methyl-D-glucuronic acid, and sulfate in molar ratio (relative to D-glucose) of 2.12:2.42:1.00:1.22:2.61. Preliminary periodate-oxidation studies suggest that the hexose and uronic acids are joined to other residues by (1 leads to 3) glycosidic linkages. About one-half of the xylose residues are (1 leads to 3)-linked.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035134"}
{"pmid": "1035133", "title": "Studies with 2,5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride. I. Cell kinetic and biologic effects in cultured L1210, human epidermoid No. 2, and adenocarcinoma 755 cells.", "content": "Studies with 2,5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride. I. Cell kinetic and biologic effects in cultured L1210, human epidermoid No. 2, and adenocarcinoma 755 cells. Experimental results obtained with cultured L1210, human epidermoid No. 2, and Adenocarcinoma 755 cells are consistent in showing that inhibition of proliferation of the cells by 2,5-piperazinedione, 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-,dihydrochloride is accompanied by cell enlargement. Although cells initially in the G2 phase when exposure to the agent is begun can probably proceed through mitosis and divide, cells that are initially in G1 and S phases accumulate in the G2 phase. Progression of cells to G2 phase during the period of exposure to the agent is not a requisite for cell-killing, because cells exposed for periods insufficient to permit their accumulation in G2 are killed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035133"}
{"pmid": "1035136", "title": "Microinjection studies of duck globin messenger RNA translation in human and avian cells.", "content": "Microinjection studies of duck globin messenger RNA translation in human and avian cells. Microinjection techniques were used for the study of the translation of heterospecific messenger RNAs in living cells. Duck globin messenger RNAs, in the form of polysomes, messenger ribonucleoprotein particles, or free mRNAs, were injected into cells of human origin (HeLa), and the subsequent appearance and accumulation of avian globin were measured by specific immunofluorescence techniques. Globin accumulated within a high proportion of HeLa cells for at least 25 hr following injection, indicating the intracellular stability of the heterospecific globin messenger RNA and the fact that mRNA initially associated with more complex structures could be translated in the HeLa cytoplasm. In similar experiments, duck reticulocyte polysomes were shown to be translated in duck embryo cells but not in embryonic chick liver cells. The latter, however, could be shown to withstand the microinjection procedure as judged by their capacity to respond normally to inducers and inhibitors of the synthesis of alpha-aminolevulinic acid synthetase. HeLa cells injected with duck hemoglobin divide at normal or nearly normal rates following the injection, but their globin content diminishes, in contrast with the increasing globin content of cells receiving duck reticulocyte polysomes, mRNP particles, or free mRNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035136"}
{"pmid": "1035137", "title": "The 3' terminal sequences of human alpha and beta globin messenger RNAs: comparison with rabbit globin messenger RNA.", "content": "The 3' terminal sequences of human alpha and beta globin messenger RNAs: comparison with rabbit globin messenger RNA. Sequences of 43 and 70 nucleotides adjacent to the 3' terminal poly(A) of human alpha and beta globin mRNAs have been established. Sequence analysis of complementary DNA from both normal and thalassemic globin mRNA preparations was carried out using endonuclease IV digestion and limited synthesis procedures. The two RNA sequences are 83% homologous to rabbit globin mRNA (Proudfoot, 1976), and a part of the alpha globin mRNA sequence codes for the carboxy terminus of human alpha globin Constant Spring (Clegg, Weatherall, and Milner, 1971). This latter result predicts that the 3' noncoding region of human alpha globin mRNA is exactly 112 nucleotides, while the 5' noncoding region is probably about 50 nucleotides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035137"}
{"pmid": "1035138", "title": "Chromatin organization in nuclei of sea urchin embryos. Comparison with the chromatin organization of the sperm.", "content": "Chromatin organization in nuclei of sea urchin embryos. Comparison with the chromatin organization of the sperm. The chromatin in sea urchin embryo nuclei and that in sperm heads are both organized in nucleosomes but show marked differences when analyzed by endonuclease digestion. Sperm chromatin DNA appears to be totally organized in nucleosomes that are highly resistant to nuclease hydrolysis. The kinetics of formation of acid-soluble oligonucleotides is slow and concerns only about 50% of the total DNA. In contrast, the DNA of embryo chromatin does not appear to be totally organized in nucleosomes since 5 to 10% is rapidly and preferentially hydrolysed into acid-soluble oligonucleotides without any appreciable fragmentation of the remaining parts. Futher digestion causes the formation of the usual pattern of DNA bands, as detected by gel electrophoresis. The length of the DNA segment associated with the embryo nucleosomes appears to be shorter than that of the DNA segment associated with the sperm nucleosomes. The kinetics of formation of acid-soluble oligonucleotides upon digestion of embryo chromatin is much faster than that of sperm chromatin and concerns almost all the chromatin DNA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035138"}
{"pmid": "1035140", "title": "Studies on peptides. LXII. Synthesis of the protected octadecapeptide corresponding to positions 26 through 43 of porcine gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).", "content": "Studies on peptides. LXII. Synthesis of the protected octadecapeptide corresponding to positions 26 through 43 of porcine gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035140"}
{"pmid": "1035141", "title": "Studies on peptides. LXIII Synthesis of the octacosapeptide corresponding to positions 1 through 28 of porcine gastric inhibiting polypeptide (GIP).", "content": "Studies on peptides. LXIII Synthesis of the octacosapeptide corresponding to positions 1 through 28 of porcine gastric inhibiting polypeptide (GIP).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035141"}
{"pmid": "1035142", "title": "Studies on peptides. LXIV. Synthesis of the tritetracontapeptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of porcine gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).", "content": "Studies on peptides. LXIV. Synthesis of the tritetracontapeptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of porcine gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035142"}
{"pmid": "1035143", "title": "Studies on peptides LXV. Conventional synthesis of a new hypothalamic peptide, bovine neurotensin.", "content": "Studies on peptides LXV. Conventional synthesis of a new hypothalamic peptide, bovine neurotensin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035143"}
{"pmid": "1035144", "title": "Studies on peptides. LXVI. Synthesis of the protected heptadecepeptide amide related to the C-terminal portion of porcine cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "content": "Studies on peptides. LXVI. Synthesis of the protected heptadecepeptide amide related to the C-terminal portion of porcine cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035144"}
{"pmid": "1035145", "title": "Studies on peptides. LXVII. Synthesis of the hexadecapeptide corresponding to position 1 through 16 of porcine cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "content": "Studies on peptides. LXVII. Synthesis of the hexadecapeptide corresponding to position 1 through 16 of porcine cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035145"}
{"pmid": "1035146", "title": "Studies on peptides. LXVIII. Synthesis of the tritriacontapeptide amide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of the desulfated form of porcine cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "content": "Studies on peptides. LXVIII. Synthesis of the tritriacontapeptide amide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of the desulfated form of porcine cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035146"}
{"pmid": "1035148", "title": "Vitamin A acid: clinical investigations with 405 patients.", "content": "Vitamin A acid: clinical investigations with 405 patients. Vitamin A acid (retinoic acid) is less toxic than vitamin A and seems to be an important advance in dermatology. Its therapeutic effect was investigated in clinical studies involving 405 patients. Biochemical investigations have shown that the administration of vitamin A acid is associated with elevation of serum levels of retinol and carotene and after high dosage symptoms develop identical with hypervitaminosis A. Several possibilities regarding the mode of action of vitamin A acid are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035148"}
{"pmid": "1035149", "title": "Perioral dermatitis: etiology and treatment.", "content": "Perioral dermatitis: etiology and treatment. Ninety-five patients with perioral dermatitis were studied from an epidemiological aspect. Consistent clearing of the eruption was obtained with oral tetracycline in combination with a topical sodium sulfacetamide-sulfur-hydro-cortisone lotion. Comparison of the study group of patients to a group of 50 control patients revealed highly significant quantitative differences in the cosmetic preparations used by the two groups. This latter finding would suggest that lubricating and moisturizing products play some part in the etiology of perioral dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035149"}
{"pmid": "1035150", "title": "Malignant hemangioendothelioma (angiosarcoma).", "content": "Malignant hemangioendothelioma (angiosarcoma).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035150"}
{"pmid": "1035151", "title": "Allergic rhinitis and the technique of immunotherapy.", "content": "Allergic rhinitis and the technique of immunotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035151"}
{"pmid": "1035152", "title": "Adverse drug reactions.", "content": "Adverse drug reactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035152"}
{"pmid": "1035153", "title": "Prognostic significance of ploidy level in human tumours. II extra-uterine cancers and summary of data on 1171 tumours.", "content": "Prognostic significance of ploidy level in human tumours. II extra-uterine cancers and summary of data on 1171 tumours. The 5-year survival rate of 78 patients with carcinoma of the ovary showed that the prognosis was significantly better when the tumour modal DNA value was in the diploid region than when it was near-triploid or above. Similar data on 140 patients with carcinoma of the breast and 52 with carcinoma of the bladder also suggested a better prognosis for the near-diploid tumours. Among 105 carcinomas of the large bowel, however, there were more survivors in the high-ploidy than in the near-diploid group, although the difference was not statistically significant. The varying relationship between ploidy and prognosis, depending on the site or histological type of the tumour, is briefly discussed on the basis of the 1171 cases included in the present and a previous paper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035153"}
{"pmid": "1035155", "title": "The role of physical dependence in animal models of human alcoholism.", "content": "The role of physical dependence in animal models of human alcoholism. This paper critically examines the concept that physical dependence is a necessary attribute for animal models of human alcoholism. On the basis of a review of the literature, it is argued that, since the production of physical dependence requires the presence of continuous high blood-alcohol levels, and since the production of preference for alcohol requires intermittent presentation of alcohol, the two cannot, in principle, be established in the same organism at the same time. It is further argued that physical dependence does not play a role in the development of high alcohol intake in animals. The implications of these observations for human alcoholism are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035155"}
{"pmid": "1035154", "title": "Sustained administration of cyclazocine for antagonism of morphine.", "content": "Sustained administration of cyclazocine for antagonism of morphine. The plasma levels, distribution and excretion of tritium were determined after administration of a single or sustained dose of 3H-cyclazocine to naive and morphine-addicted rats. The plasma levels reached and maintainat animals tolerant to morphine were cross-tolerant to cyclazocine. Although only half the administered radioactivity was excreted after either a single dose or a continuous administration, no appreciable concentration was found in any of the organs studied. The behavior of a single or sustained dose of cyclazocine was also determined in rabbits to evaluate the effect of the implant site on the drugs release rate and tissue biocompatibility. The release-rate of 3H-cyclazocine from a glyceride matrix implanted subcutaneously or intramuscularly could be controlled by modification of the matrix itself or by manipulation of the drug concentration within the matrix. Durations of action between a few days and a month were obtained by these means from devices that were both biodegradable and tissue compatible. The results indicate that the procedures used here may provide a practical means for administering narcotic antagonists to addicts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035154"}
{"pmid": "1035156", "title": "Liberty caps: recreational hallucinogenic mushrooms.", "content": "Liberty caps: recreational hallucinogenic mushrooms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035156"}
{"pmid": "1035159", "title": "Isolated perfused rabbit lung: a critical appraisal.", "content": "Isolated perfused rabbit lung: a critical appraisal. The isolated perfused lung (IPL), when compared to available in vitro and in vivo pulmonary systems, is a preparation that fulfills a majority of the ideal criteria for studying metabolism, binding and/or physiological response to xenobiotics. The IPL is an exceptionally useful method when there is a need for concurrent administration of multiple agents in different physical forms. Various details such as physiological and biochemical parameters and the construction of a small animal tracheal valve system are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035159"}
{"pmid": "1035160", "title": "Survival of octogenarians: six years after initial chromosome examination.", "content": "Survival of octogenarians: six years after initial chromosome examination. The frequencies of hypodiploidy, hyperdiploidy, monosomy C, monosomy G, and breaks were lower in the 19 female octogenarians who survived chromosome examination by six years than in the 19 who died, although none of the differences were statistically significant. In men, if anything, the trend was in the opposite direction with the nine survivors having higher frequencies than the 14 decedents. Again the differences were small and none were statistically significant. In neither sex, was there a relationship between length of survival and any of the parameters examined. Repeat chromosome examinations (two each, average interval 2.4 years) were available for seven women (one survivor and six decedents). There were no statistically significant differences between the two chromosome examinations except for an increase in monosomy C. Seven individuals, however, including but a single survivor, form too small a group to permit definitive conclusions about the lack of a relationship between chromosomal changes and survival.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035160"}
{"pmid": "1035161", "title": "A behavioral-chromosome relationship in the elderly: a critical review of a biobehavioral hypothesis.", "content": "A behavioral-chromosome relationship in the elderly: a critical review of a biobehavioral hypothesis. The evidence for the hypothesis that an increased frequency of hypodiploid cells is related to mental status in older persons, as well as the underlying assumptions crucial to the hypothesis, are reviewed. Results of chromosome examinations reported by several independent laboratories favor an increasing proportion of hypodiploid cells in older age groups as well as sex differences in the level and distribution of missing chromosomes. However, the presence, extent, and development course of chromosome loss associated with major modifying variables and their interactions, e.g., age, morbidity, sex, environmental conditions, remain to be empirically documented. Furthermore, the meaning of chromosome loss, including its relationship to mental status, is not clear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035161"}
{"pmid": "1035162", "title": "Immunoglobulin levels and intellectual functioning in the aged.", "content": "Immunoglobulin levels and intellectual functioning in the aged. Significant positive correlations between vocabulary test scores and serum levels of immunoglobulins, IgG and IgM, were obtained for 14 subjects ranging in age from 83-100 years (mean 89.0 years). This positive association with vocabulary scores is a result contrary to data reported by other investigators. The interrelationship between measures of behavior, central nervous system and immunologic function deserve further attention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035162"}
{"pmid": "1035163", "title": "Life span characteristics in the male Fischer rat.", "content": "Life span characteristics in the male Fischer rat. Survival data are reported for 572 male non-breeding Fischer rats, representing offspring from brother-sister matings, maintained at a constant temperature and humidity, exposed to twelve hours of artificial lighting and to twelve hours of darkness per day, and fed a standard laboratory diet ad libitum. The mean longevity for these male rats was 642 days and the median longevity was 659 days; the longest-lived individual survived to 1192 days. Animals surviving beyond the median life span for this colony were found to lose a greater percentage of body weight during the last few weeks before death than did shorter-lived animals. Offspring born of parents one year of age showed no significant difference in longevity from those of three-month old parents. Moreover, the longer any animal lived, the greater the maximan weight which he obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035163"}
{"pmid": "1035173", "title": "The influence of rainfall on diet and reproduction in four African rodent species.", "content": "The influence of rainfall on diet and reproduction in four African rodent species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035173"}
{"pmid": "1035172", "title": "New combined oral contraceptive with incremental progestogen dosage regimen.", "content": "New combined oral contraceptive with incremental progestogen dosage regimen. In a study of 506 women, 272 took a total of 2124 cycles of combined preparations of norgestrel and 234 women took a total of 2002 cycles of a combined contraceptive with incremental progestogen doses, in which the total D-norgestrel was 1800 g as opposed to 5250 g in the combined preparation.  The step-up preparation group had a similar rate of side effects as the combined preparation group; however, women using the step-up preparation had significantly diminished intermenstrual bleeding after the 6th month of use.  The step-up regimen has not induced any cases of endometrial hyperplasia but does have an inhibiting effect on endometrial proliferation in the 1st half of the cycle.  The step-up preparation has similar effects on the hypothalamo-hypophysial-ovarian axis as the combined pill.  The step-up preparation appears to inhibit ovulation from the 1st cycle as indicated by the absence of LH and FSH midcycle peaks and the low 17 beta-estradiol levels in the 2nd half of the cycle; therefore, the step-up preparation should be classified as a new combined, not sequential, oral contraceptive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035172"}
{"pmid": "1035177", "title": "Sexual behaviour of bulls at pasture: a review.", "content": "Sexual behaviour of bulls at pasture: a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035177"}
{"pmid": "1035176", "title": "Influence of exogenous phosphorus on uterine fluids composition.", "content": "Influence of exogenous phosphorus on uterine fluids composition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035176"}
{"pmid": "1035180", "title": "Development of malignant goiter by defatted soybean with iodine-free diet in rats.", "content": "Development of malignant goiter by defatted soybean with iodine-free diet in rats. Hyperplastic goiters were observed frequently in female rats of Wistar strain when given defatted soybean under iodine deficiency for 6 to 12 months. The findings in the thyroid were those of malignant tumors in which the features of thyroid carcinomas were seen, accompanied with metastasis in the lungs of some animals. Enlargement of the thyroid was completely inhibited in rats when a small amount of iodine was added to the diet. The role of soybean factor(s) which causes enlargment of the thyroid is discussed in relation to the development of malignant goiter, together with pathological findings in the animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035180"}
{"pmid": "1035178", "title": "Estrous behavior and ovarian activity in peripuberal heifers.", "content": "Estrous behavior and ovarian activity in peripuberal heifers. Estrous behavior and ovarian activity were investigated in peripuberal heifers.  Reproductive tracts of 37 Holstein heifers were examined per rectum twice weekly beginning at least 30 days before the 1st ovulation and continuing until 10 days after the 7th ovulation.  The signs of 1st estrus occurred at an average of 279 days of age and the 1st corpus luteum was not detected until 30 days later (p  .01).  The mean interestrual interval was 20 days for the 1st 7 cycles (p  .05).  The differences in interestrual intervals for cycles accompanied by silent, nonstanding, and standing estrous behavior, and by different ovarian conditions were not significant (p  .05).  Silent, nonstanding, and standing estrus occurred during 7, 25, and 68% of 245 estrous cycles, respectively.  The occurrence of standing estrus increased from the 1st to 7th cycle (p  .01).  Normal corpora lutea occurred during 61% of 245 cycles, cystic corpora lutea during 14%, anovulaton during 14%, and cystic follicles during 11%.  The occurrence of anovulation decreased from 1st to 7th estrus while the occurrence of corpora lutea increased during the same period (p  .01).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035178"}
{"pmid": "1035182", "title": "On the regularities of distribution of Hypoderma bovis De Geer larvae parasitizine cattle herds in different parts of the range of this warble fly.", "content": "On the regularities of distribution of Hypoderma bovis De Geer larvae parasitizine cattle herds in different parts of the range of this warble fly. The type and parameters of the distribution of the second and third instar larvae of Hypoderma bovis in cattle herds in Czechoslovakia (54 herds, 7233 head), Mongolia (20 herds, 1809 head) and the USSR (48 herds, 4978 head) were studied. A statistical analysis showed a) that in the majority of cases negative binomial distribution serves as a model of the distribution of larvae with sufficient reliability; b) that the regularity of dependence of the distribution exponent k of the negative binomial distribution on the incidence of infestation remains constant in different parts of the range of thes warble fly. The latter fact indicates that the regulatory systems limiting the population numbers of this warble fly are associated with host-parasite relationships and do not depend on a complex of conditions specific for various natural zones. In order to understand the regulatory processes in parasite populations it is necessary to study equally the regulatory mechanisms operating primarily on the level of specimens as well as the regulatory systems operating on the level of populations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035182"}
{"pmid": "1035183", "title": "Histopathological changes and the genesis of adiaspiromycomas in mice infected intraperitoneally with Emmonsia cresens Emmons et Jellison, 1960.", "content": "Histopathological changes and the genesis of adiaspiromycomas in mice infected intraperitoneally with Emmonsia cresens Emmons et Jellison, 1960. Following an intraperitoneal inoculation with a suspension of aleuries of the funtus Emmonsia crescens, characteristic adiaspiromycomas originate in the abdominal cavity; a generalisation of the infection was caused by lymphogenic and haematogenic dissemination. At first, fragments of the mycelium became implanted and started to grow on the peritoneum; these were quickly destroyed by a gradually increasing leukocytic reaction. In the first month of infection nodules were formed mainly on predisposed sites in the abdominal cavity. Inside these nodules we found aleuries in the granulation tissue and a necrotic centre enclosing the accumulated inoculum. Development was delayed in aleuries released from agar particles after their resorption and in aleuries originating from remnants of the inoculum. This accounted for an initial heterogeneity of spherules in the nodules. The original nodules fus-d and formed large fibrous adiaspiromycomas. In the following months atypical spherules produced in large numbers by minute, developmentally retarded, budding spherules from the zone bordering the centres, were found inside these cel layer succumbed to regressive changes. The viability of these large spherules was confirmed by a finding of live adiaspores even at as late a time as 19 months after infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035183"}
{"pmid": "1035193", "title": "Monographs on fragrance raw materials.", "content": "Monographs on fragrance raw materials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035193"}
{"pmid": "1035198", "title": "The inhibitory effect of hydrocortisone on the chicken embryo cartilage somatomedin assay.", "content": "The inhibitory effect of hydrocortisone on the chicken embryo cartilage somatomedin assay. In a study of the effects of hydrocortisone on the embryonic chicken cartilage somatomedin assay, in the absence and in the presence of normal human reference serum (NHRS), it was found that: (1) The basal uptake of 35S into chicken embryo pelvic cartilage was reduced when hydrocortisone hemisuccinate was added to the incubation medium in concentrations ranging from 1.5 to 1.5 X 10(5) ng/ml. There was a correlation between the inhibitory effect and the quantity of hydrocortisone added (r=-0.869; p less than 0.01). (2) The 35S uptake stimulated by 1.25 and 5% serum present in the incubation medium was reduced by hydrocortisone in a final concentration range of 150-1.5 X 10(5) ng/ml incubation medium. The minimal dose was 1,000 times that required to affect the basal 35S uptake. (3) When hydrocortisone was directly added to the NHRS, its interfering effect on the 35S uptake stimulated by 1.25, 5 and 20% of serum in the incubation medium was demonstrable with 5 X 10(5) ng hydrocortisone/ml serum. This concentration exceeded the physiological level of hydrocortisone by a factor of 5,000.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035198"}
{"pmid": "1035199", "title": "Familial male internal pseudohermaphroditism; report on a case.", "content": "Familial male internal pseudohermaphroditism; report on a case. A rare case of male internal pseudohermaphroditism is described. The patient had normal external male sexual characteristics but unilateral cryptorchidism. Three of his four brothers had also cryptorchidism and were also involuntary infertile. One of them was later operated and a uterus found intra-peritoneallu. The patient's parents were cousins and the possible importance of an inheritable defect is discussed. The patient's karyotype was normal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035199"}
{"pmid": "1035200", "title": "Studies on the biosynthesis of cyclitols, XXXV. On the mechanism of action of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase from rat testicles.", "content": "Studies on the biosynthesis of cyclitols, XXXV. On the mechanism of action of myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase from rat testicles. The animal myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase is competitively inhibited by pyridoxal phosphate and trinitrobenzensulphonate, both compounds known to prevent Schiff's base formation. When incubated with labelled substrate and then treated with NaBH4, label can be recovered in the enzyme protein. In analogous experiments with tritiated NaBH4 the enzyme protein also becomes labelled; after hydrolysis of such protein only one labelled compound, derived from lysine and D-glucose 6-phosphate, could be isolated. Its exact structure is not yet known. From these results it can be concluded that during its action myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase forms a Schiff's base with its substrate, in analogy to the class I aldolases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035200"}
{"pmid": "1035201", "title": "Synergistic effect of estradiol benzoate and dihydrotestosterone on aggression in mice.", "content": "Synergistic effect of estradiol benzoate and dihydrotestosterone on aggression in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035201"}
{"pmid": "1035202", "title": "Postpartum aggression in mice: the influence of suckling stimulation.", "content": "Postpartum aggression in mice: the influence of suckling stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035202"}
{"pmid": "1035203", "title": "Effects of androgen on scent marking and aggressive behavior of neonatally bulbectomized female Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).", "content": "Effects of androgen on scent marking and aggressive behavior of neonatally bulbectomized female Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035203"}
{"pmid": "1035204", "title": "The effect of a bacterial extract on synovial cells in tissue culture.", "content": "The effect of a bacterial extract on synovial cells in tissue culture. The studies reported here were undertaken to determine if Erysipelothrix crude extract (CE) could elicit consistent, detectable alterations in synovial cells in vitro. Synovial cells of rabbits were cultured in vitro and data about normal synovial cells in vitro were presented. Such cells were consistently and characteristically affected by exposure to small amounts of CE; an effect that was neutralized in the presence of specific and anti-CE anti-serum. With an increase in the amount of CE added to the cells in culture, a decreasing number of cells was formed but protein content remained relatively constant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035204"}
{"pmid": "1035205", "title": "Culture characteristics of cells derived from type II pneumocyte enriched fractions from rabbit and rat.", "content": "Culture characteristics of cells derived from type II pneumocyte enriched fractions from rabbit and rat. Type II cell enriched fractions were isolated from rabbit and rat lungs using density gradient centrifugation. Cultures established from these fractions contained predominantly cells similar in most morphological respects to type II pneumocytes. These were in continuous replicating culture for 1 year and still exhibited contact inhibition. Membrane-bound structures reminiscent of, but no longer strictly identical to, type II cell lamellar cytosomes were seen in cells from these long-term cultures although their numbers were reduced in comparison to lamellar bodies in freshly isolated cells. Mitochondrial numbers and sizes, determined morphometrically, were reduced after culture in comparison to freshly isolated type II cells and those in situ. Phosphatidylcholine was synthesized by these cells and released into the extracellular medium. Application of laser activated electronic sizing data, confirmed by direct micrometry, demonstrated a significant increase in cell size as a function of culture. This sizing data, after prior confirmation by electron microscopy, was used as an aid in identifying type II cells and macrophages in dispersion, especially with those cells derived from rabbit lungs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035205"}
{"pmid": "1035207", "title": "A clinico-pathological study of urinary tract malformations in perinatal deaths.", "content": "A clinico-pathological study of urinary tract malformations in perinatal deaths.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035207"}
{"pmid": "1035208", "title": "Diagnostic aspects of bladder angiography in urinary bladder tuberculosis.", "content": "Diagnostic aspects of bladder angiography in urinary bladder tuberculosis. Histopathological and angiographic findings were correlated in 6 cases of tuberculosis of the urinary bladder. The number of vessels was only slightly increased in the initial and fibrotic stages, whereas hypervascularization was observed in the exudative and productive stages. Otherwise the angiographic changes were nonspecific. Thus it was not possible to distinguish tuberculous cystitis from cystitis of other genesis, and in some instances from tumours of the urinary bladder either.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035208"}
{"pmid": "1035209", "title": "Malignant testicular tumors in three  brothers.", "content": "Malignant testicular tumors in three  brothers. Three brothers out of four had malignant testicular tumors. The first of them had choriocarcinoma, the second seminoma, and the third teratocarcinoma of the testis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035209"}
{"pmid": "1035210", "title": "Patterns of labor in native and immigrant population in Israel.", "content": "Patterns of labor in native and immigrant population in Israel. The application of cervical dilatation rates as a predictive index of the outcome of labor was tested among various subgroups of the Israel population. Cervical dilatation rates, gestational ages, birth weights, initial fetal head station, cervical dilatation at head engagement, and incidence of delivery problems were similar among Jewish patients, both native born and foreign; and among Arab patients. Generally, primiparas entered labor with lower fetal head station and reached head engagement with less cervical dilatation than did multiparous or grand multiparous patients. The results suggest that the rate of cervical dilatation, as measured early in the active phase of labor, can be used with equal confidence among all our population groups to forecast type of delivery. Early in the active phase of labor, women in whom the probability of a spontaneous delivery is approximately 95% can be separated from those cases in which intervention will be necessary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035210"}
{"pmid": "1035211", "title": "Cerebral distress in full-term newborns and its prognostic value. A follow-up study of 90 infants.", "content": "Cerebral distress in full-term newborns and its prognostic value. A follow-up study of 90 infants. The history of 90 full-term infants with neonatal cerebral distress was examined. Informations concerning pregnancy, delivery, neonatal status, clinical and laboratory evolution were compared with final outcome in each case. It was then possible to distinguish certain clinical features significantly associated with poor prognosis. After statistical analysis, different adverse criteria were selected, such as severe neonatal asphyxia, associated respiratory disorders, acute anemia, and especially neurological signs with regard to their chronology. This part of the study has resulted in a classification of the neurological signs and has permitted the description of both malignant and benign cerebral distress syndromes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035211"}
{"pmid": "1035213", "title": "The ultrastructure of the fungus Trichoderma viride and investigation of its growth on cellulose.", "content": "The ultrastructure of the fungus Trichoderma viride and investigation of its growth on cellulose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035213"}
{"pmid": "1035214", "title": "Effect of temperature and added polyphosphate on the survival of salmonellae in poultry meat during cold storage.", "content": "Effect of temperature and added polyphosphate on the survival of salmonellae in poultry meat during cold storage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035214"}
{"pmid": "1035215", "title": "Sulfate incorporation from ascorbate 2-sulfate into chondroitin sulfate by embryonic chick cartilage epiphyses.", "content": "Sulfate incorporation from ascorbate 2-sulfate into chondroitin sulfate by embryonic chick cartilage epiphyses. Radioactivity was significantly incorporated from ascorbate 2-[35S]sulfate into chondroitin sulfate by embryonic chick cartilage epiphyses. The extent of incorporation was comparable with that from inorganic [35S]sulfate. The radioactive chondroitin sulfate formed from ascorbate 2-[35S]sulfate gave two radioactive disaccharides on chondroitinase-ABC [EC 4.2.2.4] digestion. The incorporation was markedly decreased by inorganic sulfate. The time course of incorporation from ascorbate 2-[35S]sulfate and inorganic [35S]sulfate into chondroitin sulfate and the constituent disaccharides suggest that the incorporation rates from the two radioactive substances are different.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035215"}
{"pmid": "1035216", "title": "Studies on the hydrazinolysis of glycoproteins. Core structures of oligosaccharides obtained from Porcine thyroglobulin and pineapple stem bromelain.", "content": "Studies on the hydrazinolysis of glycoproteins. Core structures of oligosaccharides obtained from Porcine thyroglobulin and pineapple stem bromelain. Hydrazinolysis of porcine thyroglobulin glycopeptides and of pineapple stem bromelain [EC 3.4.22.4] permitted the isolation of almost intact carbohydrate chains of these glycoproteins. On the basis of permethylation analyses of the released oligosaccharides after reduction with NaBH4, the core structures of Unit A-type and Unit B-type carbohydrate chains of porcine thyroglobulin were deduced to be Manalpha1 leads to 6[Manalpha1 leads to 3]Manbeta1 leads to 4GlcNAcbeta1 leads to 4[Ralpha1 leads to 6]GlcNAc leads to Asn (Unit A-type, R=H; Unit B-type, R=Fuc), and that of bromelain was found to be Manalpha1 leads to 6[R'1 leads to 2]Manbeta1 leads to 4GlcNAcbeta1 leads to 4[R1 leads to 3]GlcNAc leads to Asn (R'=Xylbeta and R=Fucalpha, or R'=Fucalpha and R=Xylbeta). From these results, it appears that the hydrazinolysis method is applicable to wide variety of glycoproteins which have an N-glycosylamine linkage between the carbohydrate and peptide moieties, regardless of the type of linkage to the most proximal N-acetylglucosamine residue which is bound to asparagine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035216"}
{"pmid": "1035217", "title": "Bovine plasma HMW and LMW kininogens. Structural differences between heavy and light chains derived from the kinin-free proteins.", "content": "Bovine plasma HMW and LMW kininogens. Structural differences between heavy and light chains derived from the kinin-free proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035217"}
{"pmid": "1035218", "title": "Isolation of two forms of activated C1s, a subcomponent of the first component of rabbit complement.", "content": "Isolation of two forms of activated C1s, a subcomponent of the first component of rabbit complement. Two forms of activated C1s, a subcomponent of the first component of complement, were present in preparations of C1 specifically purified from rabbit serum by affinity chromatography on IgG-Sepharose 6B and were separated by DEAE-cellulose chromatography in the presence of EDTA. These two activated C1s, designated C1s(I) and C1s(II), were indistinguishable with regard to hemolytic activity as well as C1s esterase activity, though they had different molecular weights. C1s(I) had a molecular weight of 106,000, consisting of H and L chains connected by disulfide bonds; the molecular weights of the chains were 70,000 and 36,000, respectively. On the other hand, C1s(II), with a molecular weight of 72,000, consisted of two chains each with a molecular weight of about 37,000, which were also connected by disulfide bonds. These results suggest that, in the case of rabbit C1s, the primary product of activation with C1r, C1s(I), may be susceptible to further cleavage of its H chain without any loss of C1s activity, resulting in the formation of C1s(II), though the active principle responsible for this conversion remains to be elucidated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035218"}
{"pmid": "1035219", "title": "Classification of loops of lampbrush chromosomes according to the arrangement of transcriptional complexes.", "content": "Classification of loops of lampbrush chromosomes according to the arrangement of transcriptional complexes. The arrangement of transcriptional units in the loops of lampbrush chromosomes from oocyte nuclei of urodele amphibia and from primary nuclei of the green alga Acetabularia have been studied in the electron microscope using spread preparations. Loops with different patterns of arrangement of matrix units (i.e. to a first approximation, transcriptional units) can be distinguished: (i) loops consisting of one active transcriptional unit; (ii) loops containing one active transcriptional unit plus additional fibril-free, i.e. apparently untranscribed, intercepts that may include 'spacer' regions; (iii) loops containing two or more transcriptional units arranged in identical or changing polarities, with or without interspersed apparent spacer regions. Morphological details of the transcriptional complexes are described. The observations are not compatible with the concept that one loop reflects one and only one transcriptional unit but, rather, lead to a classification of loop types according to the arrangement of their transcriptional units. We propose that the lampbrush chromosome loop can represent a unit for the coordinate transcription of either one gene or a set of several (different) genes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035219"}
{"pmid": "1035220", "title": "Scanning electron-microscopical and other observations of sperm fertilization reactions in Limulus polyphemus L. (Merostomata: Xiphosura).", "content": "Scanning electron-microscopical and other observations of sperm fertilization reactions in Limulus polyphemus L. (Merostomata: Xiphosura). Sperm fertilization reactions of Limulus polyphemus were examined by scanning electron and/or light microscopy. The following were considered: sperm motility, attachment of sperm to egg, acrosome reaction, and penetration of the acrosomal filament. The spermatozoa after semination are non-motile and become active only in close proximity to a defined region surrounding the egg. Egg materials diffusing into this region induce sperm motility and stimulate large numbers of spermatozoa to move towards the egg surface. Each sperm initially attaches by the apical tip and undergoes the acrosome reaction which causes a more permanent secondary attachment by the adhesion of acrosomal contents to the egg surface. The acrosome reaction also initiates the penetration of the acrosomal filament through the egg envelope, an event occurring in 70-80% of the attached spermatozoa (about 10(6). Shortly after this penetration, a secondary reaction occurs which involves a spiralling of the flagellum and an incorporation into the sperm body of the flagellar fibrous components, which then become closely apposed to the sperm nucleus. These sperm fertilization reactions were performed or initiated with 0-34 M CaCl2 in whole eggs, egg sections, excised egg envelopes and/or the outer basement lamina of the egg envelope. The Limulus fertilization system is very valuable since sperm reactions can be examined biochemically, which may lead to a better understanding of the chemical mechanisms involved in sperm-egg interactions in all animal species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035220"}
{"pmid": "1035221", "title": "Signal emission and signal propagation during early aggregation in Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "Signal emission and signal propagation during early aggregation in Dictyostelium discoideum. Waves of chemotactic movement during the early phase of aggregation in Dictyostelium discoideum are of 2 kinds, concentric waves produced by cells that emit cyclic AMP signals spontaneously, and spirals generated by excitations relayed continuously around loops of excitable cells. The period of a spiral wave is the time taken for the excitation to make one complete circuit of the pacemaker loop. We have compared signal emission from the 2 types of source in time-lapse films made at a variety of temperatures. Our results show that spiral waves have a characteristic period length throughout most if not all of the early phase of aggregation, and that the period of concentric waves is generally longer and more variable. Temperature has a pronounced effect on period length and a lesser effect on propagation velocity. We find that each individual wave is propagated at constant velocity over distances of 1-2 cm but that the velocity of successive waves declines. This decline probably reflects some cumulative effect of the chemotactic excitations on the excitable properties of the aggregating cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035221"}
{"pmid": "1035223", "title": "Angiosarcoma of pelvis presenting clinically as tuberculosis of hip.", "content": "Angiosarcoma of pelvis presenting clinically as tuberculosis of hip.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035223"}
{"pmid": "1035236", "title": "Comparative study on cytological differences between high- and low-metastatic cloned cell lines of rat uterine adenocarcinoma.", "content": "Comparative study on cytological differences between high- and low-metastatic cloned cell lines of rat uterine adenocarcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035236"}
{"pmid": "1035255", "title": "Altered calcium conductance in pawns, behavioural mutants of Paramecium aurelia.", "content": "Altered calcium conductance in pawns, behavioural mutants of Paramecium aurelia. Pawns are behavioural mutants (in one of three genes) of Paramecium aurelia that have lost, to varying degrees, the reversal response which is thought to depend on the calcium influx during excitation. This report shows that all of the single and double mutants have reduced active inward (calcium) current, the reduction correlating with the degree of behavioural deficit. All of the mutants display normal resting potential, input impedance and delayed rectification. Mutants in genes pwA and pwC show normal anomalous rectification, but pwB mutants do not show anomalous rectification until the membrane is hyperpolarized further. We suggest that the pwA gene plays a role in depolarization sensitivity (the 'gate') and the pwB gene a role affecting either the wall of the channel itself or the total number of channels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035255"}
{"pmid": "1035256", "title": "Calcium channel stability measured by gradual loss of excitability in pawn mutants of Paramecium aurelia.", "content": "Calcium channel stability measured by gradual loss of excitability in pawn mutants of Paramecium aurelia. Mutants of Paramecium aurelia that are unable to reverse swimming direction are called pawns. They lack the inward ionic (calcium) current required for the upstroke of the electrically excitable membrane response. By following the progressive loss of reversal response and excitability in cells that are suddenly changed from a heterozygous (wild-type) state to a homozygous mutant state, an estimate of the stability and mean lifetime of the calcium channel has been obtained. During rapid growth, channel dilution due to division occurred, but no channel decay was observed. Under conditions of slow growth, decay could also be observed; channel lifetime was found to be from 5 to 8 days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035256"}
{"pmid": "1035254", "title": "The role of environmental calcium in freshwater survival of the marine teleost, Lagodon rhomboides.", "content": "The role of environmental calcium in freshwater survival of the marine teleost, Lagodon rhomboides. (1) The marine teleost fish, Lagodon rhomboides, can only tolerate fresh water (5 mM Na) if Ca is also present (10 mM). Transfer to Ca-free fresh water is followed by a substantial increase in radioactive Na efflux with little or no change in the transepithelial potential. Addition of the chelating agent EDTA (2 mM) further increases Na efflux. Fish left in Ca-free fresh water for 2-5 h die with a total body Na less than 50% of that found in animals acclimated to Ca-supplemented fresh water. (2) Rates of Na uptake were measured on either sea-water-acclimated or Ca-supplemented fresh water-acclimated fish transferred to various low Na media. In both cases Na uptake has a high Km, is saturable, inhibited by external NH4, H and amiloride, and is not related to changes in the trans-epithelial potential. (3) It is suggested that L. rhomboides is dependent upon external Ca to decrease diffusional Na loss in low salinities so that a relatively inefficient Na uptake can balance diffusional and urinary Na loss.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035254"}
{"pmid": "1035266", "title": "Growth of fertilized one-cell rabbit ova to viable morulae in the presence of pyruvate or fatty acids [proceedings].", "content": "Growth of fertilized one-cell rabbit ova to viable morulae in the presence of pyruvate or fatty acids [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035266"}
{"pmid": "1035267", "title": "Effects of removing foetuses from pregnant rat uteri on uterine collagen content [proceedings].", "content": "Effects of removing foetuses from pregnant rat uteri on uterine collagen content [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035267"}
{"pmid": "1035269", "title": "Blood flow of the lower limb in maximal treadmill and bicyle exercise.", "content": "Blood flow of the lower limb in maximal treadmill and bicyle exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035269"}
{"pmid": "1035270", "title": "Fluid therapy in canine babesiosis.", "content": "Fluid therapy in canine babesiosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035270"}
{"pmid": "1035285", "title": "Theoretical and therapeutic potential of indoleamine precursors (4).", "content": "Theoretical and therapeutic potential of indoleamine precursors (4).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035285"}
{"pmid": "1035340", "title": "Chromosome 8 trisomy mosaic syndrome.", "content": "Chromosome 8 trisomy mosaic syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035340"}
{"pmid": "1035338", "title": "Correlation coefficients of pattern intensity of fingers (PI) in twin families.", "content": "Correlation coefficients of pattern intensity of fingers (PI) in twin families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035338"}
{"pmid": "1035337", "title": "Position of axial triradius in 51 cases of 47, XXY Klinefelter's syndrome.", "content": "Position of axial triradius in 51 cases of 47, XXY Klinefelter's syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035337"}
{"pmid": "1035341", "title": "The demonstration of the silent PGM allele in a Japanese family.", "content": "The demonstration of the silent PGM allele in a Japanese family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035341"}
{"pmid": "1035342", "title": "Further studies on phosphoglucomutase-1 phenotypes in Japanese. i. Comparison of \"slow\" variants.", "content": "Further studies on phosphoglucomutase-1 phenotypes in Japanese. i. Comparison of \"slow\" variants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035342"}
{"pmid": "1035343", "title": "A genetic study of orthostatic responses and orthostatic dysregulation.", "content": "A genetic study of orthostatic responses and orthostatic dysregulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035343"}
{"pmid": "1035353", "title": "Activation of therminal components of human complement by a trypsin-activated complex of human factor B and cobra venom factor.", "content": "Activation of therminal components of human complement by a trypsin-activated complex of human factor B and cobra venom factor. Cleavage of C3 by CVF-B was demonstrated by hemolytic, immunoelectrophoretic and immune adherence reactions. No cleavage of C5 was detected by immunoelectrophoresis, but C5 hemolytic activity, assayed with EAC1423, decreased although less than C3 hemolytic activity. The co-existence of C3 with limiting amounts of C5 did not reduce the final degree of hemolysis of guinea pig erythrocytes (GPE) induced by late-acting components C6 through C9 and CVF-B. Thus, a CVF-B hemolytic system composed of GPE, C5 through C9 and CVF-B provided a method for titration of terminal components of human complement. CVF-B was able to generate hemolytically active sites of C567 on GPE by activation of C5, C6 and C7. The complex C567 in the fluid-phase decayed within 1 min but C567 on GPE was quite stable. Originally insensitive sheep erythrocytes became sensitive to the CVF-B hemolytic system if C3b sites were present, suggesting that cell-bound C3b played a role in orienting the positions of C567 to be fixed. CVF-B could be recovered quantitatively from the supernatant of the reaction mixture in which the hemolytically active intermediate GPEC-5678 had been formed through the interaction between C5 to C8 and CVF-B.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035353"}
{"pmid": "1035355", "title": "The pharmacological basis for modern diuretic therapy.", "content": "The pharmacological basis for modern diuretic therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035355"}
{"pmid": "1035356", "title": "Renal physiology from past to present.", "content": "Renal physiology from past to present.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035356"}
{"pmid": "1035365", "title": "Improvement of findings on bone image in prostatic cancer following testosterone potentiated 32P therapy.", "content": "Improvement of findings on bone image in prostatic cancer following testosterone potentiated 32P therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035365"}
{"pmid": "1035368", "title": "An attempt to create spleno-systemic anastomosis in the rat.", "content": "An attempt to create spleno-systemic anastomosis in the rat. A selective diversion of the splenic venous flow into the systemic circulation was attempted in the rat. A combination of the subcutaneous splenic transposition and the ligation of the splenic vein as a two stage operation was carried out in 15 rats. A rich collateral system developed rapidly from the transposed spleen to the systemic circulation. Angiography, performed four weeks after the ligation, revealed that almost all of the injected contrast medium was diverted into the systemic circulation via those newly developed collaterals. The described method as an experimental model could be of value in the search for a spleno-hepatic axis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035368"}
{"pmid": "1035377", "title": "Treatment of acute alcoholism.", "content": "Treatment of acute alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035377"}
{"pmid": "1035380", "title": "A method for measuring footpad swelling in bats.", "content": "A method for measuring footpad swelling in bats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035380"}
{"pmid": "1035407", "title": "Entrainment of the adrenal rhythm to photoperiod prior to puberty: effects of early experience on the adrenal rhythm and puberty.", "content": "Entrainment of the adrenal rhythm to photoperiod prior to puberty: effects of early experience on the adrenal rhythm and puberty. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to a cycle of light and dark before the onset of the adrenal rhythm would be necessary in order for rats to develop a normal rhythm of peripheral corticosterone when placed in a test photoperiod at weaning age. Rats were reared in constant light (LL) until weaning age, at which time they were placed in a cycle of 14 h light, 10 h dark (14:10). Females born and reared in 14:10 had peak corticosterone values at 14.00 h on days 22 and 26, and at 18.00 h on days 32 and 36. Males did not display a clear-cut rhythm at 22 or 26 days but had peak corticosterone at 18.00 h on days 32 and 36. Males and females reared in LL until weaning had no rhythm as a group in 14:10 at 24 days of age, but had a corticosterone peak at 18.00 h on days 28 and 40. Females born and reared in LL and exposed to 14:10 for 1 day developed an adrenal rhythm regardless of the age at exposure, but only 25 day old animals showed a normal pattern for their age group. Puberty was advanced in rats exposed to a single day of 14:10 at 25 days of age, but was delayed in younger rats (22 days old), and was unaffected by light exposure in older rats (28 days of age). It can be concluded that early exposure to light-dark cycles is not required for the normal development of an adrenal rhythm in the weanling rat, and that the setting of the corticosterone rhythm to the photoperiod can occur quite rapidly. Rats at 25-26 days of age are able to respond differently to a light cycle challenge than younger rats. A photoperiodic stimulus at that time can advance the onset of puberty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035407"}
{"pmid": "1035408", "title": "Modifications of the striatal dopamine metabolism during the estrus cycle in mice.", "content": "Modifications of the striatal dopamine metabolism during the estrus cycle in mice. The metabolism of striatum dopamine (DA) was studied in mice during proestrus, estrus and diestrus. The following results have been obtained: (1) the concentration of DA is higher in diestrus than in proestrus and estrus; (2) the concentration of its metabolite, homovanillic acid (HVA), is maximum in the estrus phase; (3) the DA turnover, evaluated by measuring the DA disappearance after blocking synthesis with methyltyrosine, is faster in estrus than in the other phases. These results have been discussed in view of the possible role of dopaminergic mechanisms in the control of gonadotropin secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035408"}
{"pmid": "1035414", "title": "Reversible deafness as model of pressure damage to the VIIIth nerve.", "content": "Reversible deafness as model of pressure damage to the VIIIth nerve. Frequency-specific compound action potentials (CAP) of the VIIIth nerve were registered in patients in which surgery confirmed retrocochlear pathology. A different pathologic behaviour of threshold latency was encountered for 2 and 4 kHz CAP, respectively. This was due to the question of whether transmission of neural information by the acoustic nerve's fibres was blocked completely by retrocochlear pathology or not. A totally reversible hearing loss in a case of cystic arachnitis can offer a reasonable explanation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035414"}
{"pmid": "1035415", "title": "Experimental labyrinthine lesions through stylomastoid foramen.", "content": "Experimental labyrinthine lesions through stylomastoid foramen. It was confirmed that the substances injected into the facial nerve through the stylomastoid foramen, reached every part of the inner ear. In sensitized animals, by repeated provocative injections of antigen, acute reversible episodes, very similar to that of Ménière's disease, were observed. The injection of various solutions and the provocative injection into the sensitized animals, resulted in completely opposite reactions. In sensitized animals, the electrophysiological phenomena of the cochlea also showed fluctuations like Ménière's disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035415"}
{"pmid": "1035416", "title": "Solitary schwannoma of the cervical vagus nerve.", "content": "Solitary schwannoma of the cervical vagus nerve. A case of benign, solitary schwannoma of the cervical vagus nerve with ipsilateral vocal cord paralysis is presented. The differential diagnostic aspects are discussed, with special reference to neurologic deficit in association with this lesion. The possible occurrence of concomitant unrelated malignancy is emphasised.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035416"}
{"pmid": "1035417", "title": "Rhinoscleroma: a scanning electron-microscopic study.", "content": "Rhinoscleroma: a scanning electron-microscopic study. Nasal biopsies from 6 patients with rhinoscleroma were studied by scanning electron microscopy. Numerous bacilli of different sizes were found on the epithelial surface. Few bacilli with thin spiral terminal cilia were seen over the surface of large protruding non-epithelial cells. These cells appeared to be the Mikulicz cells migrating from the tunica propria to the epithelial surface through small ulcerations. In the tunica propria, Mikulicz cells containing numerous bacilli were observed. In 4 patients, round bodies and long tubular structures were found on the epithelial surface. These bodies were suggested to be fungi, yet their exact nature and their relation to Klebsiella rhinoscleromatitis bacilli need further investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035417"}
{"pmid": "1035403", "title": "Occurrence of amatoxins in Amanita ocreata.", "content": "Occurrence of amatoxins in Amanita ocreata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035403"}
{"pmid": "1035405", "title": "An unusual stingray injury--the skindiver at risk.", "content": "An unusual stingray injury--the skindiver at risk. Serious abdominal injury following a stingray attack on a skindiver is described. Knowledge of the creature's habits and the avoidance of swimming along the seabed are recommended as precautionary measures against such an injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035405"}
{"pmid": "1035422", "title": "Dietary salt and round heart disease in turkey poults with a note on the minimum level of supplementary salt necessary in corn-soybean diets.", "content": "Dietary salt and round heart disease in turkey poults with a note on the minimum level of supplementary salt necessary in corn-soybean diets. Round heart disease in turkey poults has been associated with high levels of dietary salt and when it occurs in the field recommendations often include a reduction in the level of dietary salt. Poults fed diets containing up to 1.5% salt and 1.5% sodium did not exhibit signs of round heart disease. A high mortality rate occurred with poults fed a salt-free diet. Post-mortem analysis generally revealed enlargement of the kidneys with urates; exudate was present in both abdominal and thoracic air sacs. Growth trials indicated that in order to maintain an optimum feed:body weight gain ratio, corn-soybean diets should contain at least 0.1--0.2% supplemental salt, and at least 0.2--0.3% salt when growth rate is considered. Minimum salt levels could not be reduced further by adjustment of the total dietary sodium:chloride ratio to unity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035422"}
{"pmid": "1035424", "title": "Social implications for the rehabilitated patient.", "content": "Social implications for the rehabilitated patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035424"}
{"pmid": "1035427", "title": "The microbiology of the red meat carcass and the slaughterhouse.", "content": "The microbiology of the red meat carcass and the slaughterhouse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035427"}
{"pmid": "1035404", "title": "Woman dancing dreaming: Psychosocial benefits of the aboriginal outstation movement.", "content": "Woman dancing dreaming: Psychosocial benefits of the aboriginal outstation movement. The establishment of an Aboriginal outstation, or small autonomous community, is described. Some of the beneficial psychosocial changes observed during an eighteen-month period are described, and some possible reasons for them outlined. The outstation movement is presented as a viable, Aboriginal-initiated solution to some of the dilemmas facing present-day Australian Aborigines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035404"}
{"pmid": "1035428", "title": "Molecular weight distribution of RNA fractionated on aqueous and 70% formamide surose gradients.", "content": "Molecular weight distribution of RNA fractionated on aqueous and 70% formamide surose gradients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035428"}
{"pmid": "1035429", "title": "Translational control in embryonic muscle.", "content": "Translational control in embryonic muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035429"}
{"pmid": "1035406", "title": "The preterm baby.", "content": "The preterm baby.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035406"}
{"pmid": "1035426", "title": "Monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia: a review.", "content": "Monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia: a review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035426"}
{"pmid": "1035435", "title": "Unusual masses in the spermatic cord: report of six cases and review of the literature.", "content": "Unusual masses in the spermatic cord: report of six cases and review of the literature. Differential diagnosis of spermatic cord swellings includes direct inguinal hernia, hydrocele, spermatocele, hematocele, lipoma, tuberculosis, and filariasis. This communication focuses attention on other unusual swellings of the spermatic cord. Three cases of sarcoma, two cases of foreign body in the spermatic cord, and one case of vasitis are presented. Although unusual, these conditions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of spermatic cord swellings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035435"}
{"pmid": "1035437", "title": "Brain abscess caused by Cladosporium trichoides (Bantianum): a case with paranasal sinus involvement.", "content": "Brain abscess caused by Cladosporium trichoides (Bantianum): a case with paranasal sinus involvement. Dematiacious fungi (ie, fungi with dark hyphae) are a rare and usually fatal cause of central nervous system infection. Cladosporium trichoides has been implicated most frequently. Documentation of extra-CNS involvement has been rare. Our patient had a brain abscess and paranasal sinus infection due to C trichoides. The organism was sensitive to less than or equal 2mug/ml of flucytosine. Although our patient did not receive flucytosine, it is possible that this drug, because of its excellent penetration into the cerebrospinal fluid, may be a useful therapeutic agent in cerebral cladosporiosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035437"}
{"pmid": "1035436", "title": "Isolated galactorrhea with normal serum prolactin levels: clinical implications.", "content": "Isolated galactorrhea with normal serum prolactin levels: clinical implications. Detailed endocrine-metabolic studies were performed on five women who were otherwise well but who had had inappropriate breast secretions for variable periods of time (three months to 16 years). Our results suggest that the presence of a lactose-containing breast secretion, which strictly defines galactorrhea, does not necessarily indicate a recognizable abnormality if normal hypothalamic-pituitary function is present. In these regularly menstruating women with isolated galactorrhea, we suggest a minimum initial evaluation, but careful long-term follow-up studies to identify those cases which may progress to the other recognized, more serious amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndromes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035436"}
{"pmid": "1035439", "title": "Social work information and accountability systems in a hospital setting.", "content": "Social work information and accountability systems in a hospital setting. Information and accountability systems for departments of social work are a major concern for the profession, particularly within the health care sector. This paper describes the development of such a system within a large university hospital, the forces that led to its development, and the multiple expectations for its usefulness in planning and implementing social work services most effectively, within the lowest cost. It includes potential for building research projects and is utilized as a communication mechanism for recording. Collaboration within the profession is essential for implementing objective standards to be utilized in reviewing delivery of professional social work services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035439"}
{"pmid": "1035440", "title": "The urethral pressure profile: an aid in evaluation and management of urinary incontinence in children.", "content": "The urethral pressure profile: an aid in evaluation and management of urinary incontinence in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035440"}
{"pmid": "1035444", "title": "Targeted mass treatment: a new approach to the control of schistosomiasis.", "content": "Targeted mass treatment: a new approach to the control of schistosomiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035444"}
{"pmid": "1035442", "title": "Nd:Yag laser.", "content": "Nd:Yag laser.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035442"}
{"pmid": "1035443", "title": "The use of CO2 laser in otolaryngology: a progress report.", "content": "The use of CO2 laser in otolaryngology: a progress report. Since 1971 the CO2 laser has been used in otolaryngology at Boston University School of Medicine, University of Illinois, and the Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, New Orleans; over 560 patients have been cared for and over 1,000 operations performed. The instruments have proved to be reliable and the use of CO2 laser relatively free of complications when appropriate precautions are taken. The nature of the laser wound is such that laser surgery has facilitated the management of numerous benign and malignant lesions of the larynx as well as the oral cavity, pharynx, and tracheobronchial tree. Laser surgery is associated with a minimal morbidity, excellent healing, minimal scar formation, and excellent residual function. The instrument has been most useful in the management of lesions situated in relatively inaccessible areas such as the nasopharynx, subglottic area of the larynx, and tracheobronchial tree. The advantages of laser surgery in otolaryngology are so significant that it can be recommended for continued usage. Many applications of this unique surgical instrument have been identified but others need to be explored in the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035443"}
{"pmid": "1035441", "title": "The evaluation and treatment of superior oblique muscle palsy.", "content": "The evaluation and treatment of superior oblique muscle palsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035441"}
{"pmid": "1035448", "title": "Evaluation of the epidemic potential of western equine encephalitis virus in the northeastern United States.", "content": "Evaluation of the epidemic potential of western equine encephalitis virus in the northeastern United States. The problem of evaluating the epidemic potential of western equine encephalitis in the northeastern United States is presented and possible reasons are discussed for the present lack of human and horse cases of this disease even though increased numbers of isolations of the virus have been obtained in the East during recent years. Epidemiologic factors of vector bionomics and virus strain variations are considered. It is concluded that while this virus strain can no longer be regarded as uncommon in the Northeast, the evidence indicates there is little potential for epidemic expression of this agent in the human and horse population. This appears to be due to differences in the bionomics of the mosquito Culiseta melanura, which serves as the primary enzootic vector in the northeastern United States and in the bionomics of Culex tarsalis that is the vector in the western region of the United States. Other limiting factors in the epidemic potential may be variations between virus strains located in the East and West.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035448"}
{"pmid": "1035454", "title": "The effect of lead on cells cultivated in vitro. II. Chronic exposure and development of resistance.", "content": "The effect of lead on cells cultivated in vitro. II. Chronic exposure and development of resistance. In a previous communication the acute effects of anorganic lead salts on L-A mouse fibroblasts cells cultured in vitro have been described. This report presents the results of long-term tests with L-A cells. Under continuous exposure lead tolerance developed, even to concentrations exceeding the LD50. The kinetics of the acquirement of resistance are demonstrated. The resistant cells adjusted more quickly to higher doses of the heavy metal than the controls. Low-resistance strains retained the growth characteristics of the parent cells, but with increasing levels of lead tolerance multiplication rates decreased significantly. After approximately 60 generations in lead-free environment the cells had to a major degree lost their resistance indicating that the induced lead tolerance is caused by adaptation rather than by mutation and selection. Lead resistance appears not to depend on lead exclusion, for the lead content of resistant cells and lead-exposed controls was found to be of a comparable order of magnitude.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035454"}
{"pmid": "1035458", "title": "Breast cancer in identical twins. A case report.", "content": "Breast cancer in identical twins. A case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035458"}
{"pmid": "1035457", "title": "On the significance of nipple discharge in the diagnosis of breast disease.", "content": "On the significance of nipple discharge in the diagnosis of breast disease. Nipple discharge, especially the blood-stained type, is regarded as an important symptom in breast disease. In many reports the high incidence of malignancy is stressed and an active surgical approach has often been recommended. In this series of 80 women with nipple discharge the type of secretion and the result of exfoliative cytology were evaluated. Three women had cancer but the nipple discharge was important for the diagnosis in only one case. Six women had papilloma and in all the nipple discharge was essential for the diagnosis. Fibroadenosis and duct ectasia were the most common diagnoses. The blood-stained secretion was due to fibroadenosis in about half of the cases. No cancer was found in 46 women with a serous secretion. When a tumour is present nipple discharge is of little importance for the diagnosis and treatment. In the absence of a tumour and when exfoliative cytology gives no suspicion of cancer and no atypical cells or papillomatous clusters are present, an expectant attitude towards surgery seems satisfactory. With such an approach many surgical biopsies prove unnecessary, but a prerequisite is an organized follow-up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035457"}
{"pmid": "1035459", "title": "Treatment of Paget's disease of bone with salmon calcitonin.", "content": "Treatment of Paget's disease of bone with salmon calcitonin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035459"}
{"pmid": "1035460", "title": "Studies on the effects of repetition of insufficient activation with butyric acid and benzimidazole in the sea urchin egg.", "content": "Studies on the effects of repetition of insufficient activation with butyric acid and benzimidazole in the sea urchin egg.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035460"}
{"pmid": "1035461", "title": "Interaction of methylpredonisolone with adrenergic bronchodilators in isolated guinea pig tracheal strips.", "content": "Interaction of methylpredonisolone with adrenergic bronchodilators in isolated guinea pig tracheal strips.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035461"}
{"pmid": "1035471", "title": "The influence of propanediol-1,3 on the development of the legs, wings and lower beak of the chick embryo.", "content": "The influence of propanediol-1,3 on the development of the legs, wings and lower beak of the chick embryo. In seven series of 31-34 chick embryos each, the influence of the position of the egg during incubation and of the administration of 0.05 ml propanediol-1,3 on the 5th day of incubation on the development and growth of the limbs and beak were studied. Isotonic saline injected embryos served as controls. The embryos were sacrificed at the age of 15 days. Incubation of the egg in a vertical position, with the air chamber pointing upward, proved to result in a slight, through significant reduction in the length of the limbs and beak. Propanediol was highly toxic if injected in the immediate vicinity of the embryo. If injected at some distance from the embryo, either into the air chamber or into the yolk, the agent proved to be teratogenic: measurements showed a considerable retardation of the longitudinal growth of the limbs and beak, the latter being a parrot beak in 60 per cent of the cases, whereas both the tibia and the metatarsals were, moreover, bent posteriorward. Histological studies of the tibia showed an underdevelopment of the periosteal bone collar and, at the angle of the bone, a replacement of the posterior part of this collar by endochondral bone trabeculae. The abnormalities observed are dissimilar to those demonstrated in hereditary congenital chondrodystrophy and in micromelic conditions induced by insulin or sulfonamides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035471"}
{"pmid": "1035485", "title": "The fine structure of the epithelium of prostate glands in adult female mastomys erythroleucus Temm.", "content": "The fine structure of the epithelium of prostate glands in adult female mastomys erythroleucus Temm. The prostate glands in adult female Mastomys were studied with the light and the electron microscope. In the light microscopy, each prostatic acinus is lined by a single layer of tall cuboidal secretory epithelial cells which are surrounded by a capsule composed of a few layers of elongated and flattened cells. The acinar secretory epithelial cells show no presence of the supranuclear light areas in their cytoplasm and tend to be more readily stained with toluidine blue in the perinuclear and the upper basal cytoplasm than in the rest cytoplasm. In the electron microscopy, sharply localized pittings are occasionally found on the luminal surface and further the secretory granules which are closely situated to the apical cell surface are recognized. In the supranuclear cytoplasm, several well-developed Golgi apparatuses appear individually and early developing secretory granules are also observed. In the perinuclear and the upper basal cytoplasm the rough endoplasmic reticulum is well developed while in the lower basal cytoplasm the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is conspicuously developed and predominates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035485"}
{"pmid": "1035495", "title": "The absorption of nicotine from tobacco snuff through the nasal mucosa.", "content": "The absorption of nicotine from tobacco snuff through the nasal mucosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035495"}
{"pmid": "1035496", "title": "Passive hemagglutination miniaturized technique for pox viruses and antigen identification using formalinized erythrocytes.", "content": "Passive hemagglutination miniaturized technique for pox viruses and antigen identification using formalinized erythrocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035496"}
{"pmid": "1035498", "title": "Artificial induction of lactation in ewes: the involvement of progesterone and prolactin in lactogenesis.", "content": "Artificial induction of lactation in ewes: the involvement of progesterone and prolactin in lactogenesis. An attempt has been made to evaluate the importance of prolactin and 'progesterone withdrawal' for lactogenesis. The experimental model system used was the ovariectomized, non-pregnant ewe induced to lactate artifically by treatment with trigger hormone (either oestrogen, glucocorticoid or oxytocin) alone or in combination with progesterone. It appears from the results that prolactin is important in the lactogenic responses elicited by oestrogen and oxytocin but not as important in the response elicited by glucocorticoid. Moreover, the results suggest that, in the ewe, an appropriate positive hormonal stimulus will overcome the inhibitory influence of progesterone on lactogenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035498"}
{"pmid": "1035500", "title": "The suppressive effect of halothane on DNA synthesis of immunocytes.", "content": "The suppressive effect of halothane on DNA synthesis of immunocytes. Mice, previously immunized with sheep erythrocytes, were anaesthetized with halothane and the splenic lymphoid cells were incubated with 3H-thymidine at 1-h intervals. Abiphasic response was observed; 0.9 and 1.5% halothane reduced 3H-thymidine incorporation into the primed lymphoid cells by 83 and 94% respectively, while 0.4% halothane stimulated it by 5% of control at 3H. Immunosuppression by halothane may be the result of reduced 3H-thymidine uptake of the dividing immunocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035500"}
{"pmid": "1035505", "title": "Evaluation of an intermittent schedule of dibromodulcitol in breast cancer.", "content": "Evaluation of an intermittent schedule of dibromodulcitol in breast cancer. Dibromodulcitol was administered orally on Days 1-10 every 3-4 weeks to 29 patients with metastatic breast carcinoma refractory to previous combination chemotherapy. Initial doses between 70 and 280 mg/m2/day were utilized. The dose was escalated as tolerated in subsequent cycles in individual patients. Hematosuppression was dose-limiting. At doses of greater than 200 mg/m2/day leukopenia (greater than 1000 cells/mm3) and thrombocytopenia (greater than 25,000 platelets/mm3) occurred in one of 28 cycles and two of 27 cycles respectively. In contrast, at doses of less than or equal to 200 mg/m2/day leukopenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in four of 18 cycles and five of 18 cycles respectively. Recovery of leukocytes (less than 4000 cells/mm3) and platelets (less than 100,000 platelets/mm3) by Day 29 after the start of therapy was also delayed at higher doses. Responses were observed in three of 29 evaluable patients and subjective improvement of osseous disease in one additional patient. A dose of 180 mg/m2/day X 10 Every 28 days is recommended in previously treated patients to avoid severe hematologic side effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035505"}
{"pmid": "1035506", "title": "Rapid analytic method for adriamycin and metabolites in human plasma by a thin-film fluorescence scanner.", "content": "Rapid analytic method for adriamycin and metabolites in human plasma by a thin-film fluorescence scanner. A rapid and highly sensitive method is described for the quantitative determination of adriamycin and metabolites in plasma. Adriamycin (Ad) with daunorubicin added as the internal standard was extracted from plasma with chloroform-isopropanol (1:1), separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and quantitated in situ via a fluorescence scanning technique. This method represents one of the very few reliable quantitative TLC methods and is suitable for the routine determination of Ad in plasma in amounts as low as 2 ng/ml. Plasma Ad levels at 24 hours in rabbits and in patients both given a 1-mg/kg dose, previously regarded as difficult to be measured, are now easily measurable using as little as 0.5 ml of plasma. Multiple samples (ten to 15) can be analyzed by this method within a day.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035506"}
{"pmid": "1035504", "title": "Interactions of antiestrogens with human breast cancer in long-term tissue culture.", "content": "Interactions of antiestrogens with human breast cancer in long-term tissue culture. A variety of antiestrogens can be shown to antagonize estrogen action in animal model systems. Several of these compounds are useful in the management of metastatic human breast cancer. To further elucidate their mechanism of action, we studied several of these compounds using human breast cancer cell lines maintained in long-term tissue culture as a model system. Antiestrogens including tamoxifen (NSC-180973; ICI-46474), nafoxidine. CI-628, and clomiphene citrate inhibit macromolecular synthesis below control levels in two human breast cell lines. This effect is limited to cell lines which contain estrogen receptors. Simultaneous addition of as little as 1000-fold less estradiol prevents antiestrogen effects. Sequential addition of estrogen for up to 48 hours to cells incubated in antiestrogen reverses inhibition. If cells are continued in antiestrogen alone for more than about 3 days, inhibitory effects become irreversible. The cells detach from the surface of the culture vessel and are no longer viable. Tamoxifen competes with 3H-estradiol for specific receptor sites but with about a 100-fold lower apparent affinity. Direct binding of 3H-tamoxifen and 3H-estradiol to duplicate cytoplasmic extracts reveals equivalent numbers of binding sites but a 20-fold lower affinity for the antiestrogen. There is reasonable agreement between concentrations of tamoxifen which bind to receptor and concentrations which inhibit cells. Several antiestrogen compounds were studied using human breast cancer cell lines maintained in long-term tissue culture.  Tamoxifen, nafoxidine,  CI-628 (nitromifene citrate), and clomiphene citrate were shown to inhibit macromolecular synthesis below control levels, but only in 2 human breast cancer lines containing estrogen receptors.  This antiestrogen effect was prevented by the simultaneous addition of 1000-fold less estradiol-17.  Sequential addition of estrogen for up to 48 hours to cells incubated in antiestrogen reversed the inhibition but after 3 days of incubation with only antiestrogen, the effect was not reversible.  Tamoxifen competed with tritiated-estradiol for receptor sites but with much less affinity.  Direct binding of tritiated-tamoxifen and tritiated-estradiol revealed equal numbers of binding sites.  The antiestrogen had a 20-fold less affinity for the binding sites.  All other antiestrogens studied similarly inhibited cells to below control levels.  It is concluded that antiestrogens do not act by simply competing with estrogen for receptor sites.  Nuclear binding of the antiestrogen complexes has been shown to be different from estrogen-receptor complexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035504"}
{"pmid": "1035507", "title": "Phase I study of oral mitomycin C.", "content": "Phase I study of oral mitomycin C. This study demonstrates that the gastrointestinal absorption of oral mitomycin C is variable and that myelosuppression correlates most closely with the peak serum concentration. The probable maximal-tolerated dose of oral mitomycin C is 45-50 mg/m2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035507"}
{"pmid": "1035508", "title": "Phase II study of methyl-CCNU in the treatment of advanced pancreatic carcinoma.", "content": "Phase II study of methyl-CCNU in the treatment of advanced pancreatic carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035508"}
{"pmid": "1035510", "title": "Interaction between serum albumin and mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate ion (an agent for boron-neutron capture therapy of brain tumor). I. Introductory remarks and preliminary experiments.", "content": "Interaction between serum albumin and mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate ion (an agent for boron-neutron capture therapy of brain tumor). I. Introductory remarks and preliminary experiments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035510"}
{"pmid": "1035511", "title": "Interaction between serum albumin and mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate ion (an agent for boron-neutron capture therapy of brain tumor). II. Proposal of two interaction models.", "content": "Interaction between serum albumin and mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate ion (an agent for boron-neutron capture therapy of brain tumor). II. Proposal of two interaction models.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035511"}
{"pmid": "1035512", "title": "Interaction between serum albumin and mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate ion (an agent for boron-neutron capture therapy of brain tumor). III. Results of analysis.", "content": "Interaction between serum albumin and mercaptoundecahydrododecaborate ion (an agent for boron-neutron capture therapy of brain tumor). III. Results of analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035512"}
{"pmid": "1035513", "title": "Effect of inorganic sulfur and selenium on O2-uptake and aniline hydroxylation by dithiothreitol-iron complex in comparison with adrenodoxin and Se-adrenodoxin.", "content": "Effect of inorganic sulfur and selenium on O2-uptake and aniline hydroxylation by dithiothreitol-iron complex in comparison with adrenodoxin and Se-adrenodoxin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035513"}
{"pmid": "1035514", "title": "Preparation of a specific antibody to each one of catecholamines and L-DOPA.", "content": "Preparation of a specific antibody to each one of catecholamines and L-DOPA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035514"}
{"pmid": "1035538", "title": "Subunit structure of 27 S thyroid iodoprotein.", "content": "Subunit structure of 27 S thyroid iodoprotein. The dissociation of thyroid 27 S iodoprotein by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and by succinic anhydride was investigated by means of ultracentrifugation and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The iodoprotein obtained from either a human or hog was dissociated into three kinds of subunits (S-19, S-17 and S-12) by SDS treatment. At increased concentrations of SDS, the S-12 subunit was predominant among the dissociation products. The succinylation of 27 S iodoprotein showed essentially the same dissociation pattern as in the case of SDS treatment. This dissociation products of the protein preparations of different animals were qualitatively the same as those of thyroglobulin of the respective animals, confirming the hypothesis that 27 S iodoprotein was composed of two molecules of thyroglobulin. However, the extent of dissociation of 27 S iodoprotein measured by S-12 formation showed higher resistancy of the protein to the dissociating agents than that of thyroglobulin. The contents of sialic acid and hexose as well as iodoamino acids of 27 S iodoprotein were found to be the same as, or not far from, those of thyroglobulin; The dissociability and chemical composition of 27 S iodoprotein was discussed with reference to the subunit structure of the protein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035538"}
{"pmid": "1035539", "title": "A model for evaluation of the peroral insulin therapy: short-term treatment of alloxan diabetic rats with oral water-in-oil-in-water insulin emulsions.", "content": "A model for evaluation of the peroral insulin therapy: short-term treatment of alloxan diabetic rats with oral water-in-oil-in-water insulin emulsions. Alloxan diabetic rats with fasting blood glucose levels above 300 mg/100 ml were treated with oral administration of water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) insulin emulsions at a dose of 50 U/100 g body weight, three times daily for 10 to 14 days. The course of diabetes was followed by determinations of glucose levels in blood and urine. During treatment with oral W/O/W insulin emulsions, daily excretion of urinary glucose decreased by about 30 to 40% (2 to 3 g/day) in all of the five rats studied, and returned to the pre-treatment levels after the treatment being discontinued. During treatment, a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose levels was observed in 4 out of 5 rats, giving the decrease by 18 to 44%. Quantitative estimates suggested that the effectiveness of 50 U/100 g of oral W/O/W insulin emulsions was comparable to that after intramuscular regular insulin at a dose of 0.5 U/100 g. Although oral W/O/W insulin emulsions are still of low efficiency, these results would indicate that diabetes can be controlled by effective oral insulin preparations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035539"}
{"pmid": "1035540", "title": "Pituitary function in reproductively senescent female rats.", "content": "Pituitary function in reproductively senescent female rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035540"}
{"pmid": "1035542", "title": "Olfactory discrimination as an isolating mechanism in speciating mole rats.", "content": "Olfactory discrimination as an isolating mechanism in speciating mole rats. Olfactory discrimination was tested in two chromosome forms of the speciating fossorial rodent, Spalax ehrenbergi, in Israel. Females of the chromosome forms 2n = 52 and 2n = 58 were tested for male odour discrimination, the source of odour being either case litter or urine. Estrous females of both forms preferred homochromosomal odurs, whereas diestrous females showed no discrimination. These results suggest that olfactory discrimination may serve as a reproductive isolating mechanism in the speciation of mole rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035542"}
{"pmid": "1035544", "title": "Fine structrual relation between pancreatic excretory ductules and intercellular spaces.", "content": "Fine structrual relation between pancreatic excretory ductules and intercellular spaces. Horse-radish peroxidase injected into the femoral vein of intact rats, or infused at 30 cm H2o pressure into the main pancreatic duct of intact dogs, entered easily the interstitial spaces surrounding acini and acinar cells. The latter are interconnected at their luminal segments by zonulae occuldentes. These junctions form a barrier to tracer penetrating from the interstituim towards the lumen of terminal ductules. However, the intraductally infused peroxidase entered the interstitial spaces, probably through the pressure injured acinar cells, as did colloidal carbon particles when infused intraductally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035544"}
{"pmid": "1035543", "title": "Evidence of diurnal fluctuation of sensitivity to noradrenaline in the rat-the role of the thyroid.", "content": "Evidence of diurnal fluctuation of sensitivity to noradrenaline in the rat-the role of the thyroid. The capacity for heat production, under the influence of the same amount of noradrenaline, in the rat was significantly higher in the evening (20.00 h) than in the morning (07.00 h). Thyroidectomy produces not only a lower level of heat production, but also a complete disappearance of the differences between the morning and the evening experiments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035543"}
{"pmid": "1035541", "title": "Assortative mating between chromosome forms of the mole rat, Spalax ehrenbergi.", "content": "Assortative mating between chromosome forms of the mole rat, Spalax ehrenbergi. Females of two parapatric chromosomal forms (2n = 52 and 2n =58) of the fossorial mole rat, Spalax ehrenbergi, in Israel, were tested for mate selection between two alternative, a homo- and a heterochromosomal, males. Estrous females significantly preferred the male of their own chromosomal form, on the basis of several behavioural criteria. The evolutionary significance of the positive assortative mating found, lies presumably in reinforcing reproductive isolation between the chromosome forms, thereby contributing to finalize speciation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035541"}
{"pmid": "1035545", "title": "Foetal blood abnormality associated with hypodactyly in the hd strain of rat.", "content": "Foetal blood abnormality associated with hypodactyly in the hd strain of rat. The homozygous foetuses of hypodactyl rats (hd strain) present an obvious red blood cell macrocytosis (day 14 of gestation). This blood abnormality could give rise to thrombosis leading to early necrosis of the extremities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035545"}
{"pmid": "1035551", "title": "Ethanol production during the growth cycle of Aureobasidium pullulans.", "content": "Ethanol production during the growth cycle of Aureobasidium pullulans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035551"}
{"pmid": "1035552", "title": "Incorporation of [14C] palmitate into the lipids of cultured chick-embryo myoblasts.", "content": "Incorporation of [14C] palmitate into the lipids of cultured chick-embryo myoblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035552"}
{"pmid": "1035553", "title": "The effect of low concentrations of prostaglandin E1 on myoblast fusion.", "content": "The effect of low concentrations of prostaglandin E1 on myoblast fusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035553"}
{"pmid": "1035554", "title": "Steroidal control of protein synthesis in the developing chick embryo.", "content": "Steroidal control of protein synthesis in the developing chick embryo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035554"}
{"pmid": "1035555", "title": "Polyadenylated ribonucleic acid in normal and scrapie-infected mouse brain.", "content": "Polyadenylated ribonucleic acid in normal and scrapie-infected mouse brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035555"}
{"pmid": "1035556", "title": "Control of cell differentiation in the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum.", "content": "Control of cell differentiation in the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035556"}
{"pmid": "1035558", "title": "Serum levels of gonadotropins during lactational amenorrhoea.", "content": "Serum levels of gonadotropins during lactational amenorrhoea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035558"}
{"pmid": "1035557", "title": "Uric acid in pregnancy and toxaemia.", "content": "Uric acid in pregnancy and toxaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035557"}
{"pmid": "1035559", "title": "Post partum vaginal smear in lactating and non-lactating.", "content": "Post partum vaginal smear in lactating and non-lactating.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035559"}
{"pmid": "1035566", "title": "[Changes in the substantia nigal self-stimulation behavior caused by intraventricular injection of norepinephrine, dopamine and GABA].", "content": "[Changes in the substantia nigal self-stimulation behavior caused by intraventricular injection of norepinephrine, dopamine and GABA]. A bipolar electrode was stereotaxically implanted in the substantia nigra of male albino Wistar-Imamichi rats. Effects of l-norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), injected into the lateral ventricle, on the substantia nigral self-stimulation (SS) behavior, and the effect of alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists on the facilitation induced by NE were investigated. NE but not DA facilitated the SS behavior and GABA showed no constant effects on the behavior. Facilitation by NE of SS behavior was inhibited by phentolamine, but not by propranolol. These results suggest that the noradrenergic system in the brain may play a more significant role in the positive reinforcement of the substantia nigral SS behavior than does the dopaminergic or GABA-ergic system, and that the action of NE may be facilitated through alpha-receptors rather than through beta-receptors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035566"}
{"pmid": "1035580", "title": "Genetic characterization of methotrexate-resistant chinese hamster ovary cells.", "content": "Genetic characterization of methotrexate-resistant chinese hamster ovary cells. In a previous report, we described the selection and partial characterization of three methotrexate (Mtx)-resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) (1). Class I cells contained an apparent structural alteration in dihydrofolate reductase. Class II cells had an alteration affecting the permeability of the drug. Class III cells, selected from Class I cells, had an increased activity of the altered enzyme. In the work described here, it has been shown that the spontaneous mutation rate to Class I resistance is in the order of 2 X 10-9 mutations per locus per generation and that in single-step mutagenized selections the number of resistant colonies of Class I and II are about equal. Class I and Class III resistance is expressed codominantly in somatic cell hybrids, whereas the Class II resistant marker is a recessive trait.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035580"}
{"pmid": "1035582", "title": "Time sequence and morphological evaluations of cells fused by polyethylene glycol 6000(1).", "content": "Time sequence and morphological evaluations of cells fused by polyethylene glycol 6000(1). Mouse L cells (clone 1D) were fused with polyethylene glycol (PEG). The fusion sequence was determined by using sequential light microscopy of the same group of cells, scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron microscopy, and freeze-etching. The cells were found to fuse only 1 min after PEG had been washed off at small localized areas. Larger fusion images were found after 3 min. Intramembrane particles were observed to have a tendency to aggregate after PEG treatment, but a direct correlation of this activity with the fusion process could not be made. No pathological changes were noted at longer times after PEG removal, except for the extensive widening of the rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in some cells. It is proposed that fusion does not occur if apposing cells have many microvilli at the area of apparent contact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035582"}
{"pmid": "1035583", "title": "Absent left pulmonary artery with left arch and subaortic stenosis.", "content": "Absent left pulmonary artery with left arch and subaortic stenosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035583"}
{"pmid": "1035581", "title": "Cytoplasmic inheritance in mammalian tissue culture cells.", "content": "Cytoplasmic inheritance in mammalian tissue culture cells. A series of intraspecific, interspecific and interorder somatic cell cybrids and hybrids have been prepared by fusions in which one of the parents contained the cytoplasmically inherited marker for chloramphenicol (CAP) resistance. A clear relationship has been established between the expression of the CAP-resistant (CAP-R) determinants in the fusion products and the genetic homology of the parents. With increased genetic divergence, the acceptability of the CAP-R mitochondria decreased. Intraspecific cybrids and hybrids of the same strain were stable for the CAP-R marker, while those between strains were stable only in CAP. Intergeneric mouse-hamster cybrids occurred at a high frequency but were unstable in CAP, while CAP suppressed hybrid formation 100-fold. Interorder cybrids (CAP-R human X CAP-S mouse) occurred either at a moderate frequency and were stable at a low frequency and were unstable in CAP. Interorder hybrids could only be formed by challenging HAT-selected hybrids with CAP or by direct selection in ouabain and CAP. Reciprocal interorder crosses between CAP-R mouse and CAP-S human cells were unsuccessful. Interspecific cybrids contain only the chromosomes of the CAP-S parent. Interspecific hybrids selected directly in CAP segregated the chromosomes of the CAP-S parent, while hybrids selected in HAT and then CAP segregated those of the CAP-R parent. The mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) of all mouse-human cybrids and most HAT and then CAP-selected hybrids contain only the mtDNA of the CAP-S mouse parent. However, preliminary evidence suggests that one of these hybrids contains both mouse and human mtDNA sequences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035581"}
{"pmid": "1035590", "title": "PSROs and the legal protection of confidential information.", "content": "PSROs and the legal protection of confidential information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035590"}
{"pmid": "1035589", "title": "Congenital dislocation of the hip in the newborn. A correlation of clinical, roentgenogrhic and anatomical findings.", "content": "Congenital dislocation of the hip in the newborn. A correlation of clinical, roentgenogrhic and anatomical findings. This study correlates roentgenography, arthrography, morbid anatomy and histology in four newborn infants with congenital dislocation of the hip. Three died shortly after birth. In two of these, manipulative reduction was impossible. Both demonstrated secondary adaptive changes at autopsy, indicating that the dislocation had been present for some time in utero. The first had a paralytic dislocation (meningomyelocele), and the second showed no pathologic findings other than the dislocated hip. The third infant had a dislocation that was reduced at birth. The child died of pneumonia on the 15th day. At autopsy, no secondary adaptive changes were found in the hip. The fourth infant, who had undergone open reduction because of a dislocation irreducible at birth, was retrospectively found to have an intrauterine dislocation when the maternal roentgenogram was reviewed. Significant secondary adaptive changes were noted at the time of operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035589"}
{"pmid": "1035579", "title": "Malpractice liability and PSRO. Part II.", "content": "Malpractice liability and PSRO. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035579"}
{"pmid": "1035591", "title": "How to overcome barriers to effective audit.", "content": "How to overcome barriers to effective audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035591"}
{"pmid": "1035584", "title": "Intra-oral temperatures in man with special reference to involvement of the central incisors and premaxillary alveolar process in lepromatous leprosy.", "content": "Intra-oral temperatures in man with special reference to involvement of the central incisors and premaxillary alveolar process in lepromatous leprosy. The predilection of lepromatous leprosy for body sites substantially below core temperature is well known, and within the oral cavity the premaxillary alveolar process and upper central incisor teeth are especially affected. In this study, intra-oral temperatures were recorded by means of a series of thermistor probes applied to the teeth and labial surfaces of the gums of normal subjects. The temperature distribution established showed a close correlation with the known pattern of involvement of teeth and supporting structures derived from clinical, pathological and archeological data. Relatively low temperature of the premaxillary alveolar process was demonstrated, a factor which may be of prime importance for the localization of disease in this region, as it is for other tissues in the lepromatous patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035584"}
{"pmid": "1035592", "title": "Quality health care: another administrative nightmare.", "content": "Quality health care: another administrative nightmare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035592"}
{"pmid": "1035585", "title": "Androgenic status of lepromatous leprosy patients with gynecomastia.", "content": "Androgenic status of lepromatous leprosy patients with gynecomastia. The androgenic status of 24 lepromatous leprosy male patients, 12 with and 12 without gynecomastia, was studied in comparison with that of 12 normal healthy males. Plasma testosterone levels were significantly diminished in the gynecomastia group as compared to levels in either of the control groups. The patients without gynecomastia showed values not significantly lower than those of normal males. Histopathologic examination of the leprous testes showed a variable admixture of inflammatory, degenerative anf fibrotic changes which were more severe and more frequent in the patients with gynecomastia than in those without it. Parenchymatous liver function tests showed greater derangement in the gynecomastia group as compared to the controls Histopathology of the liver showed lepromatous infiltration in patients with and without gynecomastia though the changes in liver were minimal in patients who showed total testicular degeneration in the biopsies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035585"}
{"pmid": "1035587", "title": "Study of subcutaneous fat in leprosy patients.", "content": "Study of subcutaneous fat in leprosy patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035587"}
{"pmid": "1035588", "title": "Leprous myositis.", "content": "Leprous myositis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035588"}
{"pmid": "1035586", "title": "Leprosy and the lipidoses.", "content": "Leprosy and the lipidoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035586"}
{"pmid": "1035593", "title": "A mare mule--dam or foster mother?", "content": "A mare mule--dam or foster mother? A female, horse-like foal was apparently born to a mare mule from mating to a Shetland stallion. The presence of three pregnant Shetland mares in the same pasture, however, raised some questions about parentage, even though all three mares apparently gave birth to single foals within 6 weeks after the birth of the propositus. The transferrin system indicated that the foal was not born to the mare mule but was the offspring of one of the Shetland mares. Apparently one Shetland mare gave birth to twins 3 to 6 weeks apart, and the mare mule came into lactation spontaneously and adopted the first twin. The offspring was determined to be a horse by appearance, karyotype, blood type, and voice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035593"}
{"pmid": "1035609", "title": "Use of factor analysis to classify strains of yeasts: application to genus Torulopsis Berlese.", "content": "Use of factor analysis to classify strains of yeasts: application to genus Torulopsis Berlese.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035609"}
{"pmid": "1035594", "title": "Effect of maternal parity on aneuploidy in early mouse embryos.", "content": "Effect of maternal parity on aneuploidy in early mouse embryos. An attempt to evaluate the incidence of chromosomal aneuploidy in mouse blastocysts recovered from females of various ages and parity levels revealed an insignificant regression coefficient for aneuploidy on age of the female and its square, and an insignificant correlation coefficient for aneuploidy with the number of previous offspring born to the dam. However, significant regression coefficients were obtained for aneuploidy on parity of the dam and its square. These results indicate that not only does aneuploidy increase with parity level, but the rate of increase accelerates as parity level increases. Possible explanations for the increase in aneuploidy and its detrimental effect on reproductive efficiency were discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035594"}
{"pmid": "1035610", "title": "Stochastic selection in both haplophase and diplophase.", "content": "Stochastic selection in both haplophase and diplophase. A population genetic model incorporating the evolutionary forces of zygotic selection, gametic selection and non-Mendelian segregation has been analyzed for the case in which all selection coefficients and the segregation parameter are assumed to be random variables that are uncorrelated from generation to generation. The diffusion approximation of the model is developed, and the subsequent analysis shows that one of four limiting outcomes of the stochastic process may obtain--an allele may be fixed or lost almost surely and irrespective of the initial gene frequency, the gene frequency may converge to a unique stationary distribution, or an allele may be fixed or lost with probabilities depending on the initial gene frequency. These outcomes correspond rather closely with the possible outcomes of the deterministic model--fixation or loss of an allele, convergence to a stable equilibrium, or the existence of an unstable equilibrium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035610"}
{"pmid": "1035612", "title": "Predator prey interactions with time delays.", "content": "Predator prey interactions with time delays. A general (Volterra-Lotka type) integrodifferential system which describes a predator-prey interaction subject to delay effects is considered. A rather complete picture is drawn of certain qualitative aspects of the solutions as they are functions of the parameters in the system. Namely, it is argued that such systems have, roughly speaking, the following features. If the carrying capacity of the prey is smaller than a critical value then the predator goes extinct while the prey tends to this carrying capacity; and if the carrying capacity is greater than, but close to this critical value then there is a (globally) asymptotically stable positive equilibrium. However, unlike the classical, non-delay Volterra-Lotka model, if the carrying capacity of the prey is too large then this equilibrium becomes unstable. In this event there are critical values of the birth and death rates of the prey and predator respectively (which hitherto have been fixed) at which \"stable\" periodic solutions bifurcate from the equilibrium and hence at which the system is stabilized. These features are illustrated by means of a numerically solved example.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035612"}
{"pmid": "1035611", "title": "Global stability in two species interactions.", "content": "Global stability in two species interactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035611"}
{"pmid": "1035614", "title": "Nucleotide precursor in riboflavin biosynthesis.", "content": "Nucleotide precursor in riboflavin biosynthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035614"}
{"pmid": "1035613", "title": "Animal experiments on thiamine avitaminosis and cerebral function.", "content": "Animal experiments on thiamine avitaminosis and cerebral function. Before industrial production of thiamine becam possible, among many beriberi patients some showed symptoms of encephalopathy, the cerebral form of the disease. In this animal experiment, thiamine-deficient rats showed failure or blocking of the operant behavior in the maze box, pole climbing box and shuttle box, indicating orientation disturbance and defective memory. This Wernicke's syndrome-like sign dramatically disappeared by treatment with thiamine. Potentiated narcosis with thiopental or alcohol induced in thiamine-deficient rats and mice was readily reversible by thiamine administration. These phenomena are associated with thiamine content of the brain and are found long before histopathological changes in the brain of deficient animals. It is easily surmised that thiamine deficiency in the brain may block the brain metabolism and subsequently cause changes in any chemical substances in the brain, refracting on biophysical phenomenon, such as EEG. However, in the present study, generally speaking, no meaningful results concerning these points were obtained.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035613"}
{"pmid": "1035637", "title": "UV effect on germ cell determinant and a proposed scheme for germ cell formation process in embryos of Xenopus laevis.", "content": "UV effect on germ cell determinant and a proposed scheme for germ cell formation process in embryos of Xenopus laevis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035637"}
{"pmid": "1035636", "title": "Effect of deuterium oxide (D2O) on excitation-contraction coupling of skeletal muscle.", "content": "Effect of deuterium oxide (D2O) on excitation-contraction coupling of skeletal muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035636"}
{"pmid": "1035661", "title": "Analysis of combined effects of benzene with radiation on chromosomes in cultured human leukocytes.", "content": "Analysis of combined effects of benzene with radiation on chromosomes in cultured human leukocytes. Three experiments were carried out on 53-hr cultured human leukocytes on chromosome mutagenicity of benzene with particular reference to combined effects with gamma-radiation and inhibitory effect on rejoining of radiation-induced chromosome breaks. The results and their analyses were summarized as follows: 1) Benzene can induce mainly chromatid-type deletions, especially gaps, suggesting that the cells in their late S-G2 stage have a higher susceptibility to chromosome breakage by benzene. 2) The aberration tield of dicentrics and rings induced by 100 rads irradiation can significantly be enhanced by the treatment of benzene equal to or in excess of 0.2 mM. 3) Quantitative analyses using newly defined \"Synergetic effect factor\" revealed that combined cytogenetic effect of benzene with radiation could be synergetic exclusively in dicentrics and rings, being almost additive in the other types of aberration. 4) The experiment with dosage fractionation method showed that the more strongly benzene could inhibit the rejoining of radiation-induced chromosome breaks, the higher concentration it was treated at. Related iwth these results, possible inducps, and the repair and its inhibition of radiation-induced DNA-strand(s) breaks. Further studies for related effects by benzene are needed on protein synthesis, activities of repair enzymes and fine structure of chromosomes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035661"}
{"pmid": "1035672", "title": "Toxicity of propoxur to rats by subacute inhalation.", "content": "Toxicity of propoxur to rats by subacute inhalation. Male and female rats were exposed to propoxur (2-isopropoxyphenyl-N-methyl-carbamate) aerosol, concentrations averaging 5.7, 18.7 and 31.7 mg/m3 air, for 6 hours daily on five days in a week over a period of 12 weeks. The effects were depressions of plasma by 20 to 30%, and of erythrocyte and brain cholinesterase activities which were caused by the highest air concentration of 31.7 mg/m3. On the basis of the physical, biochemical, phamacokinetic and metabolic behaviors of propoxur, a maximum allowable concentration of 2.5 mg/m3 air is suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035672"}
{"pmid": "1035678", "title": "Cold water immersion test in patients with vibration disease.", "content": "Cold water immersion test in patients with vibration disease. Peripheral vascular disorder is one of the most important symptoms in diagnosing vibration disease. Several kinds of tests have been introduced to evaluate the peripheral vascular function. Among those tests, cold water immersion test has been mostly applied. In Japan, the generally used method is to measure the skin temperature of one finger of the hand immersed up to the wrist joint in water at 5 degreesC for 10 minutes. However, because the suffering during the test is so severe and some unfavorable warning symptoms have been observed during group examinations, a safer and milder method is more desirable. In order to examine the applicability of the test by using water at 10 degreesC in comparison with that at 5 degreesC, and to know the degree of suffering during the tests, a comparative study was performed. Sixteen students and 29 patients with vibration disease joined in this study. The results suggest that water at 10 degreesC can be effective stimulus, if the immediate rewarming response is used for evaluation. The self-rating scores revealed that the suffering was milder in case of water of 10 degreesC than at 5 degreesC for both the students and the patients. And the patients seemed to suffer more from chest discomfort than the students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035678"}
{"pmid": "1035681", "title": "Inhibition of repair of radiation-induced chromosome breaks. Effect of phenol in cultured human leukocytes.", "content": "Inhibition of repair of radiation-induced chromosome breaks. Effect of phenol in cultured human leukocytes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035681"}
{"pmid": "1035676", "title": "Polychlorinated naphthalenes in the surrounding environment of a reproduction factory of used transformer oil.", "content": "Polychlorinated naphthalenes in the surrounding environment of a reproduction factory of used transformer oil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035676"}
{"pmid": "1035779", "title": "Delayed hypersensitivity tests with Mycobacterium leprae purified protein derivative.", "content": "Delayed hypersensitivity tests with Mycobacterium leprae purified protein derivative. Skin tests were conducted on 3 lepromatous, 3 dimorphous and 6 tuberculoid leprosy patients and 3 others not suffering from leprosy with lepromin, purified protein derivative from M. leprae of armadillo origin and tuberculin. Results show that a delayed hypersensitivity reaction could be produced with PPD in 72 hours on all Mitsuda positive cases, with one anomalous exception, without cross reaction to tuberculin. The results were promising from the point of view of substituting lepromin with PPD in usual tests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035779"}
{"pmid": "1035780", "title": "Microtubules and actin filaments in teleost visual cone elongation and contraction.", "content": "Microtubules and actin filaments in teleost visual cone elongation and contraction. Teleost retinal cones contract in light and elongate in darkness. This paper describes the disposition of microtubules and cytoplasmic filaments in cone cells of 2 species of fish (Haemulon sciurus and Lutjanus griseus). In Haemulon, the neck-like \"myoid\" region of the cone changes in length from 5 mu to 75 mu. Maximal observed rates of elongation and contraction are comparable to that of chromosome movement in mitosis (2-3 mu/min). Microtubules presumably participate in cone elongation, since numerous longitudinal microtubules are present in the myoid region, and colchicine blocks dark-induced elongation. Myoid shortening, on the other hand, appears to be an active contractile process. Disruption of microtubules in dark-adapted cones does not produce myoid shortening in the absence of light, and light-induced myoid shortening is blocked by cytochalasin-B. Cone cells possess longitudinally-oriented thin filaments which bind myosin subfragment-1 to form arrowhead complexes typical of muscle actin. Myoid thin filaments are clearly observed in negatively stained preparations of isolated cones which have been disrupted with detergent after attachment to grids. These myoid filaments are not, however, generally preserved by conventional fixation, though bundles of thin filaments are preserved in other regions of the cell. Thus, actin filaments are poorly retained by fixation in precisely the region of the cone cell where contraction occurs. Cone cells also possess longitudinally-oriented thick filaments 130-160 A in diameter. That these thick filaments may be myosin is suggested by the presence of side-arms with approximately 150 A periodicity. The linear organization of the contractile apparatus of the retinal cone cell makes this cell a promising model for morphological characterization of the disposition of actin and myosin filaments during contraction in a nonmuscle cell.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035780"}
{"pmid": "1035783", "title": "A report on the national professional standards review council meeting May 3-4, 1976; Washington, DC.", "content": "A report on the national professional standards review council meeting May 3-4, 1976; Washington, DC.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035783"}
{"pmid": "1035781", "title": "The surface events of fertilization: the movements of the spermatozoon through the sea urchin egg surface and the roles of the surface layers.", "content": "The surface events of fertilization: the movements of the spermatozoon through the sea urchin egg surface and the roles of the surface layers. The sea urchin egg surface at fertilization has been examined with the scanning electron microscope to reveal the movements of the spermatozoon from the exterior, through the surface layers, and into the egg cytoplasm. The layers that the spermatozoon encounter have been studied to determine their physical and chemical natures and their role in early development. By studying the outside of whole eggs and the inner face of surfaces isolated shortly after fertilization, it has been possible to compile data on the movements of the spermatozoon through the egg surface. The spermatozoon initially contacts the egg with the elongated acrosomal process. The vitelline sheet, the outermost layer of the egg, separates slightly next to the attached spermatozoon. As membrane fusion between the gametes occurs, the plasma membrane from the egg engulfs the spermhead, the cortical granules start to discharge their contents, and a spreading surface deformation, concommitant with a distortion of the fibrous cortex, is initiated. A cluster of elongate microville surround the perpendicularly fusing spermatozoon. These microvilli interidigitate as the spermatozoon is forced to lie upon the egg surface between the plasma membrane and the matrix of cortical fibers. The spermatozoon then rotates additionally to enter the egg cytoplasm with the posterior end first; it has rotated 180 degrees through the cell surface. Finally, it detaches into the egg cytoplasm, leaving a scar in the cortex through which it penetrated. The egg cortex, previously unobserved by electron microscopy, is revealed to be composed of 50-200 nm fibers. At fertilization they are uniformly organized but during later development this order is lost. The cortex is from 0.2-0.5 micronm thick and is a contractile structure. The role of the outer surface in releasing the cell from the metabolic constraints of the unfertilized egg is shown, and the apparent differences in the mobilities of the membranes derived from the sperm and from the egg are demonstrated. The relation of these layers to the movements of the spermatozoon, to the activation of the egg, to the block to polyspermy, and to each other are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035781"}
{"pmid": "1035782", "title": "Confidentiality of alcohol and drug abuse patient records.", "content": "Confidentiality of alcohol and drug abuse patient records.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035782"}
{"pmid": "1035784", "title": "National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974.", "content": "National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035784"}
{"pmid": "1035785", "title": "PSRO communications. Regulations--program manual transmittals--memos of understanding.", "content": "PSRO communications. Regulations--program manual transmittals--memos of understanding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035785"}
{"pmid": "1035786", "title": "Immobilization and steroid-transforming microorganisms in polyacrylamide.", "content": "Immobilization and steroid-transforming microorganisms in polyacrylamide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035786"}
{"pmid": "1035787", "title": "Monitoring of air and water for enzyme inhibitors.", "content": "Monitoring of air and water for enzyme inhibitors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035787"}
{"pmid": "1035788", "title": "On the potential of soluble and immobilized enzymes in synthetic organic chemistry.", "content": "On the potential of soluble and immobilized enzymes in synthetic organic chemistry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035788"}
{"pmid": "1035790", "title": "Regional brain variations of tryptophan, monoamines, monoamine oxidase activity, plasma free and total tryptophan during the estrous cycle of the rat.", "content": "Regional brain variations of tryptophan, monoamines, monoamine oxidase activity, plasma free and total tryptophan during the estrous cycle of the rat. Normal 4-day cyclic rats were sacrificed at 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. on proestrus or estrus and at 10 a.m. on metestrus. Noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA) and tryptophan (T) concentrations varied only slightly. Serotonin (5-HT) concentrations showed characteristic changing patterns in many hypothalamic, limbic and midbrain structures with a decrease during proestrus and an increase during estrus being observed. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity changes were often parallel to the 5-HT changes, but were not as great. The marked changes in 5-HT early in proestrus are a further indication of its inhibitory effect on gonadotropin release mechanisms before the 'critical period'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035790"}
{"pmid": "1035791", "title": "Persistent estrus in rats after anterolateral hypothalamic microinjections of 6-hydroxydopamine.", "content": "Persistent estrus in rats after anterolateral hypothalamic microinjections of 6-hydroxydopamine. Bilateral injections of 30 mug of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, as base) into the anterolateral hypothalamic area induced constant vaginal cornification (CVC), polyfollicular ovaries and uterine hypertrophy in cyclic adult female rats. There were no important changes in the vaginal patterns or ovarian and uterine morphology in animals given injections in the same area with the solvent only and in animals given injections with 6-OHDA in the anterior amygdaloid area. It is suggested that the persistent estrus after anterolateral hypothalamic injections of 6-OHDA results from lesions of central catecholaminergic pathways, which are probably involved in gonadotropin secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035791"}
{"pmid": "1035802", "title": "Effects of imipramine, chlorimipramine, and fluoxetine on cataplexy in dogs.", "content": "Effects of imipramine, chlorimipramine, and fluoxetine on cataplexy in dogs. Four narcoleptic dogs with cataplexy were given trials with the serotonin uptake blockers imipramine and chlorimipramine (known to be effective in treating cataplexy in humans). An even more selective serotonin uptake blocker, fluoxetine, was also tested. Injections of placebo, test compound, and placebo were given respectively on 3 successive days. Anticataplectic effects were measured approximately 30 min, 3 hr, and 6 hr postinjection by recording elapsed time and number of cataplectic episodes during the dogs' attempts to eat ten pieces of a desired food presented in a standard fashion. Imipramine (1 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg)significantly improved performance, while chlorimipramine (0.5-5 mg/kg) had no clear effect. Data were not totally consistent with the notion that serotonin uptake blockers improve cataplexy in dogs, since chlorimipramine was not effective in these animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035802"}
{"pmid": "1035803", "title": "A comparison of withdrawal in rats implanted with different types of morphine pellets.", "content": "A comparison of withdrawal in rats implanted with different types of morphine pellets. Time course and duration and physical dependence was investigated in rats implanted subcutaneously with 3 different types of morphine (M) pellets. Each was formulated according to the method of Gibson and Tingstand [8], but differed in surface area and hardness. Animals were maintained for 19 days after implantation and physical dependence was assessed every other day. Severity of naloxone (Nx)-induced withdrawal was quantified by the use of a composite symptom score and weight loss. Withdrawal severity was greatest following implantation of a pellet (Type C) of large surface area and low hardness rating, and least following implantation of a pellet (Type A) of small surface area and high hardness rating. Abstinence severity which resulted from implantation of a pellet (Type B) of moderate surface area and low hardness rating was intermediate. When 2 pellets were implanted the difference between Type C and B was amplified. It was concluded that formulation per se was not sufficient for specifying M pellet characteristics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035803"}
{"pmid": "1035805", "title": "Diminished reaction to a novel stimulus during amphetamine withdrawal in rats.", "content": "Diminished reaction to a novel stimulus during amphetamine withdrawal in rats. This experiment determined whether reaction to a novel stimulus was diminished in a dose-dependent fashion following 8 consecutive days of d-amphetamine administration. Thirty-two male rats were injected with saline, 0.5, 2.5, or 5.0 mg/kg of d-amphetamine (each N = 8). On the ninth day, all animals received saline injections and were tested (a) in the presence of a novel stimulus, or (b) in the absence of a novel stimulus. Reaction to the novel stimulus varied inversely with the dose of d-amphetamine which had been received during the drug administration period. This reduction in reaction to the novel stimulus did not seem to depend on (a) the level of amphetamine-induced sterotypy at the end of the drug administration period (b) general reduction of activity, or (c) interference by drug-conditioned responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035805"}
{"pmid": "1035804", "title": "Blockade of apomorphine's discriminative stimulus properties: relation to neuroleptic activity in neuropharmacological and biochemical assays.", "content": "Blockade of apomorphine's discriminative stimulus properties: relation to neuroleptic activity in neuropharmacological and biochemical assays. Using a food-reinforced two-lever operant conditioning procedure, rats were trained to discriminate 0.16 mg/kg apomorphine from saline. Eight neuroleptics of the phenothiazine, butyrophenone or diphenylbutylamine type were investigated for thsir ability to antagonize the discriminative stimulus properties of apomorphine. The same drugs were also assayed for in vivo antagonism of apomorphine-induced stereotyped behavior as well as for in vitro inhibition of stereospecific 3-H-haloperidol binding in rat striatal tissue preparations. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that apomorphine exerts its discriminative stimulus properties by a mechanism similar to that underlying its stereotypogenic action. The loci involved in these two phenomena are likely to be distinct.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035804"}
{"pmid": "1035806", "title": "Chelatometric determination of epicillin.", "content": "Chelatometric determination of epicillin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035806"}
{"pmid": "1035829", "title": "Ea rosette test for identification of FC receptor lymphocytes. I. Some technical variables.", "content": "Ea rosette test for identification of FC receptor lymphocytes. I. Some technical variables.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035829"}
{"pmid": "1035830", "title": "Some aspects of the kinetics of emiocytosis in prolactin cells.", "content": "Some aspects of the kinetics of emiocytosis in prolactin cells. Some aspects of the kinetics of emiocytosis of secretory granules were investigated in pituitary prolactin cells of lactating female rats. Most of the emiocytotic events were directed towards those areas of the cells which were covered with a basal lamina. Diameters of the secretory granules within the emiocytotic pockets and of the openings of the pockets to the exterior were measured. An inverse relationship between the size of the granule and the diameter of the foramen was noted. A mechanism is proposed relative to the processes involved in the release of secretory granules from prolactin cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035830"}
{"pmid": "1035832", "title": "Platelet storage in the spleen in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and congestive splenomegaly.", "content": "Platelet storage in the spleen in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and congestive splenomegaly. The kinetics of 51Cr-tagged platelets was studied in 10 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and in 8 patients with congestive splenomegaly. The surgically removed spleens were examined for their platelet content and for their microscopic structure. In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura the life-span of platelets was reduced, the number of platelets washed out from the spleen averaged 4.36 X 10(10)/100 g splenic tissue (intrasplenic platelet reserve). The index platelets per g splenic tissue/platelets per ml whole blood reflecting the tendency of platelets to concentrate in the spleen was 8.06. Microscopically, extensive phagocytosis of platelets by macrophages and a preserved lienal architecture were seen. In the group of congestive splenomegaly the life-span of platelets was not significantly shortened and the intrasplenic platelet reserve agreed with the figure found in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The spleen was characterized by fibroid degeneration and endothelial hypertrophy causing partial obstruction of the sinusoids. It is concluded that while the intrasplenic platelet reserve is nearly the same in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and congestive splenomegaly, in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura hypersequestration while in congestive splenomegaly platelet storage predominates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035832"}
{"pmid": "1035834", "title": "The evaluation of hospital medical staff performance--does health care review help?", "content": "The evaluation of hospital medical staff performance--does health care review help?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035834"}
{"pmid": "1035837", "title": "Clinical aspects of religion as neurosis.", "content": "Clinical aspects of religion as neurosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035837"}
{"pmid": "1035839", "title": "The maltase activity of bovine serum as an aid to the study of the amylase i locus.", "content": "The maltase activity of bovine serum as an aid to the study of the amylase i locus. A method has been described for the detection of maltase activity in starch gels. This method has been used to resolve the difficulties encountered when analysing animals with weak AmIB activity for Ami genotype. It was found that, with the herd of the Hannah Research Institute, the heterozygote excess observed could be explained largely on the basis of these weak AmIB bands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035839"}
{"pmid": "1035814", "title": "The effects of some drugs (eserine, atropine, reserpine, niamid) upon the EEG manifestations of experimental neurosis in adult cats.", "content": "The effects of some drugs (eserine, atropine, reserpine, niamid) upon the EEG manifestations of experimental neurosis in adult cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035814"}
{"pmid": "1035813", "title": "Incidence and significance of precipitating antibodies in occupational and non-occupational extrinsic non-atopic (type III) asthma (bronchial asthma with precipitins).", "content": "Incidence and significance of precipitating antibodies in occupational and non-occupational extrinsic non-atopic (type III) asthma (bronchial asthma with precipitins). Precipitating antibodies against different organic enviromental dusts were studied in 37 patients with suggestive symptoms of nonatopic bronchial asthma, comparatively with a group of 4 patients with atopic asthma and with a group of asymptomatic subjects, exposed to the same organic dusts as the majority of patients. Precipitins were found present in over 75% of the sera from patients with infectious type non-atopic asthma and were associated with positive semidelayed type skin tests as well as with positive bronchial provocation tests a few hours after antigen inhalation. No precipitins were found in the sera from patients with atopic asthma. Precipitating antibodies were also found but in lower percentages (30%) and at lower titers, in clinically asymptomatic subjects who were occupationally exposed to the respective antigens. It was demonstrated that the presence of precipitins in the sera of patients with bronchial asthma is a valuable diagnostic element which confirms the clinical and anamnestic data. The pathogenic role of precipitins is not yet clear. It might be related to the amount of these precipitins in the serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035813"}
{"pmid": "1035850", "title": "Assignment of the gene for beta-glucuronidase (beta-GUS) to chromosome 7 in man.", "content": "Assignment of the gene for beta-glucuronidase (beta-GUS) to chromosome 7 in man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035850"}
{"pmid": "1035851", "title": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of autosomes other than chromosomes 1,2 and 6.", "content": "Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of autosomes other than chromosomes 1,2 and 6.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035851"}
{"pmid": "1035836", "title": "Distributive versus patient-oriented pharmacy: a pharmacy practice problem requiring a definition and solution by pharmacy faculty.", "content": "Distributive versus patient-oriented pharmacy: a pharmacy practice problem requiring a definition and solution by pharmacy faculty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035836"}
{"pmid": "1035852", "title": "The Kotte community health project-- an analysis of data concerning child health and suggestions on a new method of record keeping.", "content": "The Kotte community health project-- an analysis of data concerning child health and suggestions on a new method of record keeping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035852"}
{"pmid": "1035835", "title": "The development of administrative accountability in health services.", "content": "The development of administrative accountability in health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035835"}
{"pmid": "1035853", "title": "The first record of Bertiella studeri infection in a child from Sri Lanka.", "content": "The first record of Bertiella studeri infection in a child from Sri Lanka.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035853"}
{"pmid": "1035856", "title": "Effect of bee venom components on immuno-competent cell proliferation at a primary humoral immune response.", "content": "Effect of bee venom components on immuno-competent cell proliferation at a primary humoral immune response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035856"}
{"pmid": "1035861", "title": "New applications of fluidic technology.", "content": "New applications of fluidic technology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035861"}
{"pmid": "1035862", "title": "The role of fluidics in medicine.", "content": "The role of fluidics in medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035862"}
{"pmid": "1035863", "title": "The use of fluidic logic valves in emergency resuscitation apparatus.", "content": "The use of fluidic logic valves in emergency resuscitation apparatus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035863"}
{"pmid": "1035864", "title": "Reliability and medical equipment.", "content": "Reliability and medical equipment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035864"}
{"pmid": "1035865", "title": "Quantitative reliability techniques--an aid to better medical equipment design.", "content": "Quantitative reliability techniques--an aid to better medical equipment design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035865"}
{"pmid": "1035866", "title": "A prototype instrument for monitoring muscular effort.", "content": "A prototype instrument for monitoring muscular effort.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035866"}
{"pmid": "1035867", "title": "The development of high tensile properties in a wrought Co-Cr-Ni-W alloy of potential orthopaedic surgery use.", "content": "The development of high tensile properties in a wrought Co-Cr-Ni-W alloy of potential orthopaedic surgery use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035867"}
{"pmid": "1035868", "title": "Work hardening characteristics of titanium T 160.", "content": "Work hardening characteristics of titanium T 160.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035868"}
{"pmid": "1035870", "title": "Enhancement of tumour growth by pretreatment with tumoral cells adsorbed by poly i:c deae-dextran complex in syngeneic mice.", "content": "Enhancement of tumour growth by pretreatment with tumoral cells adsorbed by poly i:c deae-dextran complex in syngeneic mice. Pretreatment of balb/c mice with ADK-1t cells adsorbed with Poly I:C DEAE- dx complex was found to enhance tumour growth as measured after challenge with non adsorbed ADK-1t cells. This results contrasts strongly with the increased tumour resistance previously observed when Poly I:C alone was used for adsorption. Some reasons are suggested for this striking difference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035870"}
{"pmid": "1035871", "title": "Serum 5-nucleotidase in some rachitic and jaundiced Egyptian children.", "content": "Serum 5-nucleotidase in some rachitic and jaundiced Egyptian children. 5-Nucleotidase (5-Nase) was determined in the serum of 67 Egyptian Children: 15 cases as a control group, 10 cases with infantile rickets, 8 cases with the so-called physiological jaundice of the newborn, 4 cases with rhesus incompatibility, and 30 cases with infective hepatits. In rachitic cases and in cases with icterus neonatorum, 5-Nase was not increased, while in cases with infective hepatitis it showed a statistically significant elevation when compared with the control group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035871"}
{"pmid": "1035869", "title": "Ultrastructure of the wall and of the septal pore apparatus in Panaeolus foenisecii (Fr.) Kühn.", "content": "Ultrastructure of the wall and of the septal pore apparatus in Panaeolus foenisecii (Fr.) Kühn. The fine structure of the walls and septal pore apparatus in Panaeolus foenisecii is reported. Our description is based on sections of intact hyphae and purified fractions, as well as on the analysis of wall surfaces after purification and shadowcasting, or else of collapsed hypha walls. The cell wall can be more or less homologized to that of the mycelia of Schizophyllum commune; the septal apparatus fits the Polyporus model type.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035869"}
{"pmid": "1035882", "title": "[Intra-uterine resuscitation].", "content": "[Intra-uterine resuscitation].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035882"}
{"pmid": "1035900", "title": "Binding of Zn(II) & Cu(II) by rat liver transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acids.", "content": "Binding of Zn(II) & Cu(II) by rat liver transfer and ribosomal ribonucleic acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035900"}
{"pmid": "1035899", "title": "Metal ion requirement of goat carboxypeptidase B.", "content": "Metal ion requirement of goat carboxypeptidase B.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035899"}
{"pmid": "1035898", "title": "Conditions affecting primary cell cultures of functional adult rat hepatocytes. II. Dexamethasone enhanced longevity and maintenance of morphology.", "content": "Conditions affecting primary cell cultures of functional adult rat hepatocytes. II. Dexamethasone enhanced longevity and maintenance of morphology. Primary monolayer cell cultures of adult rat hepatocytes underwent change in morphology and substantial cell loss between 1 and 3 days postinoculation. Dexamethasone-supplementation (1 micronM) of the culture medium maintained the polygonal epithelial morphology of the hepatocytes and increased longevity such that over 80% of the cells survived for 3 days and at least 30% for 8 or 9 days. This enhancement of survival was obtained up to 48 hr postinoculation, but the earlier the time of dexamethason supplementation the greater the effect. Removal of dexamethasone resulted in a decrease in longevity. The positive effect of dexamethasone on longevity was observed following dexamethasone replacement of insulin in supplemented cultures, but the combination of insulin and dexamethasone resulted in poorer survival than with dexamethasone alone. The results are interpreted to indicate that dexamethasone provided a requirement of the in vitro environment for survival and suggest that elaboration of a complex medium is required to maintain hepatocytes in culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035898"}
{"pmid": "1035901", "title": "Lack of immunological cross-reaction between cell-wall & one of the cytosol hydroxyproline fractions in the leaves of sandal (Santalum album L.).", "content": "Lack of immunological cross-reaction between cell-wall & one of the cytosol hydroxyproline fractions in the leaves of sandal (Santalum album L.).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035901"}
{"pmid": "1035902", "title": "Ultrastructure of clear zones exhibiting cytoplasmic incompatibility following somatic cell fusion in the myxomycete Didymium iridis.", "content": "Ultrastructure of clear zones exhibiting cytoplasmic incompatibility following somatic cell fusion in the myxomycete Didymium iridis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035902"}
{"pmid": "1035903", "title": "Enzymic constitution, ribitol formation & flavinogenesis in Eremothecium ashbyii.", "content": "Enzymic constitution, ribitol formation & flavinogenesis in Eremothecium ashbyii.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035903"}
{"pmid": "1035905", "title": "Neonatal ascites with valve in a female urethra (case report with short review of literature).", "content": "Neonatal ascites with valve in a female urethra (case report with short review of literature).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035905"}
{"pmid": "1035904", "title": "Effect of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Linn. on oestrous cycle & reproductive organs in rats.", "content": "Effect of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Linn. on oestrous cycle & reproductive organs in rats. The effect of Hibiscus rosa sinensis Linn. on the estrous cycle and reproductive organs was studied in female albino rats. Depending on the dose and duration of treatment, the benzene extract of the flowers disrupted the estrous cycle.  Treatment for 30 days resulted in a significant (p less than .05) reduction in the weight of the ovaries, uterus, and pituitary gland. Ovarian follicular atresia and uterine atrophy were observed. Treatment resulted in degranulated  gonadotrophs in the pituitary, with the extent of damage being dose-dependent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035904"}
{"pmid": "1035906", "title": "Depression: psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy.", "content": "Depression: psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035906"}
{"pmid": "1035907", "title": "Psychoanalysis of severe depression: theory and therapy.", "content": "Psychoanalysis of severe depression: theory and therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035907"}
{"pmid": "1035908", "title": "Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy prevention of outflow obstruction with propranolol.", "content": "Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy prevention of outflow obstruction with propranolol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035908"}
{"pmid": "1035909", "title": "Freeze-fracture studies of the thecal membranes of Gonyaulax polyedra: circadian changes in the particles of one membrane face.", "content": "Freeze-fracture studies of the thecal membranes of Gonyaulax polyedra: circadian changes in the particles of one membrane face. Intramembrane faces were visualized in the marine dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra by the freeze-fracture technique, in order to test a prediction of a membrane model for circadian oscillations--i.e;, that membrane particle distribution and size change with time in the circadian cycle. Cells from each of four cell suspensions in continuous light (500 1x, 20-21 degrees C) were frozen, without fixation or cryoprotection, at four circadian times in a cycle. This paper reports findings concerning the membranes associated with the theca, particularly the cytoplasmic membrane and the membrane of the large peripheral vesicle. While the number and size distribution of the particles of the PF face of the cytoplasmic membrane were constant with time, those of the EF face of the peripheral vesicle doubled in number at 18 h circadian time as compared with 06 h. Particles of the 120-A size class, in particular, were more numerous at 12 and 18 h circadian time than at 00 and 06 h. While the finding does not provide definitive confirmation of the membrane hypothesis for circadian rhythms, it is consistent with this model. It is suggested that the peripheral vesicle may be the site of bioluminescence in Gonyaulax.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035909"}
{"pmid": "1035910", "title": "Effect of thiol-oxidation of glutathione with diamide on corneal endothelial function, junctional complexes, and microfilaments.", "content": "Effect of thiol-oxidation of glutathione with diamide on corneal endothelial function, junctional complexes, and microfilaments. Intracellular-reduced glutathione (GSH) was removed by thiol-oxidation with diamide during in vitro perfusion of the corneal endothelium. By 15 min the normal mosaic-like pattern of the endothelial cells was disrupted by serpentine-like lines of cell separation at the cell juntions. After 45 min of perfusion, infividual clusters of cells formed cup-shaped islands. The resultant exposure of Descemet's membrane to the perfusion solution resulted in corneal swelling. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the endothelial cells separated at the apical junctions and that the microfilaments in the apical cytoplasm of cells formed dense bands, whereas the other subcellular organelles were normal in appearance. The change in cellular shape may be due to loss of cellular adhesion which results in the condensation of the microfilaments or contraction of the microfilaments. The addition of glucose to the perfusate prevented the diamide effect, and the diamide effect could be reversed upon removal and perfusion of a glutathione bicarbonate Ringer's solution. These results suggest that the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione in the endothelial cells plays a role in the maintenance of the endothelial cell barrier function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035910"}
{"pmid": "1035912", "title": "Ultrastructural features of chromatin nu bodies.", "content": "Ultrastructural features of chromatin nu bodies. Spread chromatin fibers and isolated chromatin fragments prepared from chicken erythrocyte nuclei were stained with dilute aqueous uranyl acetate. High-resolution electron micrographs reveal two new morphological features exhibited by many of the chromatin nu bodies: (a) lateral association of the nu body with the connecting strand, and (b) a centrally stained spot approximately 15 A wide, possibly corresponding to a hole or crevice within the nu body.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035912"}
{"pmid": "1035911", "title": "Interactions of actin, myosin, and a new actin-binding protein of rabbit pulmonary macrophages. II. Role in cytoplasmic movement and phagocytosis.", "content": "Interactions of actin, myosin, and a new actin-binding protein of rabbit pulmonary macrophages. II. Role in cytoplasmic movement and phagocytosis. Actin and myosin of rabbit pulmonary macrophages are influenced by two other proteins. A protein cofactor is required for the actin activation of macrophage myosin Mg2 ATPase activity, and a high molecular weight actin-binding protein aggregates actin filaments (Stossel T.P., and J.H. Hartwig. 1975. J. Biol. Chem. 250:5706-5711)9 When warmed in 0.34 M sucrose solution containing Mg2-ATP and dithiothreitol, these four proteins interact cooperatively. Acin-binding protein in the presence of actin causes the actin to form a gel, which liquifies when cooled. The myosin contracts the gel into an aggregate, and the rate of aggregation is accelerated by the cofactor. Therefore, we believe that these four proteins also effec the temperature-dependent gelation and aggregation of crude sucrose extracts pulmonary macrophages containing Mg2-ATP and dithiothreitol. The gelled extracts are composed of tangled filaments. Relative to homogenates of resting macrophages, the distribution of actin-binding protein in homogenates of phagocytizing macrophages is altered such that 2-6 times more actin-binding protein is soluble. Sucrose extracts of phagocytizing macrophages gel more rapidly than extracts of resting macrophages. Phagocytosis by pulmonary macrophages involves the formation of peripheral pseudopods containing filaments. The findings suggest that the actin-binding protein initiates a cooperative interaction of contractile proteins to generate cytoplasmic gelation, and that phagocytosis influences the behavior of the actin-binding protein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035911"}
{"pmid": "1035915", "title": "Mechanical damage to rabbit tracheal epithelium from inhaling inert pyrite dust of needle-like structure. Part II.", "content": "Mechanical damage to rabbit tracheal epithelium from inhaling inert pyrite dust of needle-like structure. Part II. The ultrastructure of rabbit tracheal epithelium was studied 2, 8 and 26 hours after termination of 8-hour inhalation of ground pyrite dust. Pyrite particles persist in the cytoplasm of ciliated cells throughout the interval followed up. Only through degeneration and elimination of these cells from the epithelium is the inhaled dust gradually removed from the mucous membrane. Goblet cells discharge pyrite-containing  mucus into the  ciliary border region for a period of 26 hours after cessation of inhalation thus inducing further damage to the ciliary border and the apical regions of the cells even after termination of inhalation. The morphological appearance of the ciliary border, especially in the first phase after termination of inhalation, suggests a disturbance of the self-cleaning function of the eipithelium of respiratory passages. The inhalation of aerosol of needle-like structure causes mechanical damage to tracheal epithelium. Substantial retardation of the onset of epithelial regeneration and slow rate of elimination of the inhaled aerosol from the tracheal mucosa was noted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035915"}
{"pmid": "1035916", "title": "Distribution and elimination of tin taken up into the organism in the form of organo-tin compounds.", "content": "Distribution and elimination of tin taken up into the organism in the form of organo-tin compounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035916"}
{"pmid": "1035918", "title": "International and national aspects of epidemiological plague surveillance in the USSR.", "content": "International and national aspects of epidemiological plague surveillance in the USSR. General principles and organizational forms of epidemiological surveillance of plague in the USSR both in seaports andin natural foci are discussed. On the basis of the analysis of the authors' experience over many years and taking into consideration literary data, the authors recommend a minimum, but in their opinion effective amount of a successful realization of these recommendations, it is expedient to establish a special team (or teams) consisting of 10-12 members.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035918"}
{"pmid": "1035919", "title": "The epidemiology of epidemic parotitis in the USSR.", "content": "The epidemiology of epidemic parotitis in the USSR. Morbidity from epidemic parotitis in the USSR in the period from 1958 to 1972 ranged within the limits of 266.6 and 521.7 cases per 100 000 inhabitants. A 3--4 years cyclic recurrence of rises and falls in morbidity was observed. The bulk of cases of disease occur in the winter-spring period. In towns, parotitis is registered 3 times more frequently, in the mean, than in rural districts. More than 95% of patients in the USSR consisted of children under 15, while in Moscow, children aged 3--5 years were the most affected group. In Moscow in the period from February 1, 1972 to January 31, 1973, the morbidity in men was 493.2 per 100 000 and in women 339.5 per 100 000 (ratio 1:1.45).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035919"}
{"pmid": "1035920", "title": "The density of microflora in the oral and pharyngeal cavities.", "content": "The density of microflora in the oral and pharyngeal cavities. A method for quantitative assessment of the microbial density on the mucous membranes in the oral and pharyngeal cavities is described. The results of the assessment are in agreement with the theoretical assumption based on the existence of a natural electrostatic filter. The highest density of microbes is on the tonsils where the positive pole of the filter is situated, so that a synergism between the defensive immunological role of the tonsils and the bioelectric potential pattern is obvious. The microbial densities in the oral cavity are more or less interdependent whereas the findings on the pharynx rear wall are isolated being probably perturbed by repeated swallowing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035920"}
{"pmid": "1035921", "title": "Identification of Leptospira andamana isolated from the spinal fluid of a fatal case of leptospirosis in São Paulo, 1963.", "content": "Identification of Leptospira andamana isolated from the spinal fluid of a fatal case of leptospirosis in São Paulo, 1963. The IAL-S. P. strain was isolated from the spinal fluid of a patient male, aged 35, black, a sewer worker with fever, myalgia, jaundice, vomiting and meningitis symptoms with a 5-day incubation period after the lower half of the body had been submerged for 2 hours in sewers when unblocking a drain. Leptospires were isolated by direct inoculation of the spinal fluid taken on the 9th day of the illness into the Fletcher's media and into guinea pigs by the intraperitoneal route. The patient gave a positive agglutination test for L. andamana with cross-reaction with L. sejroe. The strain was identified as L. andamana by the cross-agglutination-lysis test and the cross-absorption test. The IAL-S. P. strain is undoubtedly not saprophytic but parasitic and pathogenic for man and animals, however its biological properties resist to the oligodynamic action of Cu and Hg and the 8-azoguanine action as in the case of the Patoc 1 strain. I could be recommended to reconsider whether the strain belongs to L. interrogans, L. biflexa or to another group because the grounds for L. andamana being saprophytic were denied by this report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035921"}
{"pmid": "1035922", "title": "Composition of immunoglobulins in brucellosis patients using DEAE-cellulose column chromatography.", "content": "Composition of immunoglobulins in brucellosis patients using DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The composition of immunoglobulins in patients with brucellosis was studied. The method of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose columns was used to define more precisely the physico-chemical character of cysteine-resistant antibodies. The study of IgM, IgA and IgG fractions obtained from the patients sera showed the IgG fraction to possess the greatest serological activity in the agglutination reaction, in the passive haemagglutination reaction and in Coomb's test. Specific antibodies in the remaining 2 fractions  (IgA and IgM) were found only in single patients in low titres, mainly in Coomb's test (incomplete antibodies). The study of IgM, IgA and IgG serum fractions before and after cysteine treatment revealed cysteine-resistant antibodies to be usually IgG globulins. The presence of specific IgG antibodies in the sera of patients was found to correlate with active clinical manifestations of brucellosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035922"}
{"pmid": "1035923", "title": "Investigation of some problems of virology and creation of means of specific prophylaxis of virus infections in the institute of poliomyelitis and virus encephalitis, academy of medical sciences of the USSR.", "content": "Investigation of some problems of virology and creation of means of specific prophylaxis of virus infections in the institute of poliomyelitis and virus encephalitis, academy of medical sciences of the USSR. Several great problems are clearly distinguished in the development of the Soviet medical virology. The team of the Institute of Polliomyelitis and Virus Encephalitis of the AMS of the USSR actively participates in the study of these problems. They include the investigation of theoretical questions of general virology, creation and improvement of means of specific prophylaxis of virus infections, virological examination of diseases endemic for single districts of the USSR as well as the search for, discovery and exploration of new viruses, causative agents of disease. The achievements of the team of the Institute of Poliomyelitis and Virus Encephalitis in the field of liquidation of poliomyelits, creation of new effective preparations against tick-borne encephalitis, rabies and other neurovirus infections are a clear consequence of the prophylactic trend of the Soviet health care, thoughtful planning of scientific work and broad, complex conception of scientific investigations, close connection with other scientific institutions, involvement of specialists of contiguous disciplines in scientific problems, international cooperation inthe elaboration of the mentioned problems within the framework of the CMEA, the use of the most modern and most perfect methods of scientific work and the accomplishment of all socio-economic and medical measures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035923"}
{"pmid": "1035924", "title": "Administration of antibiotics in combination. Determination of antibacterial effectivity of blood serum and urine after simultaneous administration of macrolides and tetracyclines.", "content": "Administration of antibiotics in combination. Determination of antibacterial effectivity of blood serum and urine after simultaneous administration of macrolides and tetracyclines. The authors deal with antibacterial effectivity of blood serum and urine in simultaneous administration of macrolids and tetracyclines under in vivo conditions, using Staphylococcus aureus strains. The obtained results suggest that pharmacodynamic effect, i.e., higher effective concentration, is induced in some combinations of these preparations. It was found mainly after the administration of the combinations of erythromycin 250 mg + doxycycline 200 mg in all the chosen reference strains S. a. The results have also shown that the combination of erythromycin with tetracycline has a higher effect when an erythromycin-resistant strain is used than when using a strain resistant to tetracycline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035924"}
{"pmid": "1035925", "title": "Leukocyte phosphatase activity during immunization with bacterial vaccines.", "content": "Leukocyte phosphatase activity during immunization with bacterial vaccines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035925"}
{"pmid": "1035926", "title": "Ophthalmic emergencies and their management.", "content": "Ophthalmic emergencies and their management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035926"}
{"pmid": "1035929", "title": "Force-length relations of glycerinated rabbit psoas.", "content": "Force-length relations of glycerinated rabbit psoas. Force-length curves of glycerinated rabbit psoas were determined in media of physiological interest. In one set of experiments the free [Ca++] was constant at 10(-5) M and the [MgATP] varied. At low [MgATP] the elastic properties are those of a highly ordered, inextensible fiber; at high [MgATP] they are representative of a much more elastic body. At intermediate concentrations sigmoidal shaped curves were observed as were also found when [MgATP] was constant and the free [Ca++] varied. These curves closely resemble coexistence curves that have been reported for fibrous proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035929"}
{"pmid": "1035928", "title": "Motility evaluation of bull spermatozoa by photon correlation spectroscopy.", "content": "Motility evaluation of bull spermatozoa by photon correlation spectroscopy. Quasi-elastic light scattering techniques are employed to evaluate motility of bovine spermatozoa. The electric field correlation function CE(k, tau) has two components CE(k, tau) = alphafm+(1-alpha)fd, where fm is the correlation function due to motile cells, fd is due to dead cells and alpha is the fraction of motile cells. A function which is a linear combination of the experimentally measured fd and an empirically determined function fm is fit to the CE(k, tau) data. In this way, alpha and the approximate analytic form of fm are determined. The distribution of swimming speeds P(v) is derived from fm using an inverse Fourier sine transform procedure. Results for the time dependence of motility of bull sperm in Hank's balanced salt solution are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035928"}
{"pmid": "1035930", "title": "Heavy metals and spermatozoan motility. III conformational changes induced by divalent cations and by ATP in flagellar proteins.", "content": "Heavy metals and spermatozoan motility. III conformational changes induced by divalent cations and by ATP in flagellar proteins. Conformational changes of flagellar proteins of sea urchin spermatozoa caused by divalent cations and nucleotides were investigated by examining the circular dichroism spectra of axonemes and outer doublet microtubules. The alpha-Helix content of the flagellar components was diminished in the presence of zinc, cadmium and mercury, while no other heavy metals contributed to such a change. The original content of alpha-helix was restored by the subsequent addition of ATP or GTP, the former being more effective. An oscillation was found to occur in the alpha-helix content measured at 222 micron in the presence of zinc and ATP. On the other hand, ATP caused a marked reduction in alpha-helical structures of axonemes in the presence of magnesium or calcium, especially in a medium containing KCl. The effect was rather specific for ATP. The obtained results were discussed in relation to the basic mechanisms of spermatozoan motility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035930"}
{"pmid": "1035952", "title": "Energy requirements of men during exercise in a hot environment and a comfortable environment.", "content": "Energy requirements of men during exercise in a hot environment and a comfortable environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035952"}
{"pmid": "1035953", "title": "Male pseudoheterosexuality and minimal sexual dysfunction.", "content": "Male pseudoheterosexuality and minimal sexual dysfunction. Male heterosexual activity is not always heterosexual. Frequently it only appears to be, but, in fact, it is an attempt at denial of underlying homosexual feelings. There is often a correlation between such \"pseudoheterosexuality\" and minor sexual dysfunctions. Insight alone is not sufficient to provide relief, but when the patient can be helped to a comfortable acceptance of his homosexual feelings as a normal and healthy facet of his personality, very often the dysfunction is relieved, and there is a marked change in the ability of the individual to achieve gratification in genuine heterosexuality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035953"}
{"pmid": "1035954", "title": "Changing attendance patterns to sex therapy programs as a function of location and personnel.", "content": "Changing attendance patterns to sex therapy programs as a function of location and personnel. This paper explores innovative treatment modalities that may encourage the participation of lower socioeconomic minority clients in sex therapy programs. It suggests the consideration of informal therapeutic settings, flexible hours, and an immediate contact with the therapist. It lends support to the concept that equal time be given to education and communication skills in counseling. It also stresses the necessity of directive yet permissive techniques to bridge the communication gap by identifying areas of commonality, especially when confronted with the lower socioeconomic minority client. The paper compares this approach with a sex therapy approach more oriented to the middle class.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035954"}
{"pmid": "1035968", "title": "Inhibition of gonadotropin secretion induced by stimulation of thalamic nuclei.", "content": "Inhibition of gonadotropin secretion induced by stimulation of thalamic nuclei. The effect of electrochemical stimulation (anodic current, 100 micronA/30 sec) of thalamic nuclei was studied in nonanesthetized freely-behaving rats bearing chronic implanted electrodes and plastic cannulae inserted into the jugular vein for blood sampling. Stimulation of the anterior thalamic nuclei, the nucleus (n.) mediodorsalis thalami (MD) and the n. posteromedianus thalami at 2 p.m. on the day of proestrus prevented spontaneous ovulation and the release of LH which takes place on that day. No effect on ovulation or LH release was observed after stimulation of the n. lateralis thalami, the n. ventralis thalami or other thalamic nuclei or after passing a cathodic current through the n. MD. Stimulation of the n. MD resulted also in a significant decrease of the elevated serum LH levels found after an injection of progesterone into ovariectomyzed estrogen-primed rats. These results indicate that nuclei of the medial thalamic region are capable of inhibiting LH secretion. No stimulatory influence of LH release was observed after thalamic stimulation in ovariectomized estrogen-treated rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035968"}
{"pmid": "1035969", "title": "Plasma norepinephrine during the rat estrous cycle and after progesterone treatment to the ovariectomized estrogen-primed rat.", "content": "Plasma norepinephrine during the rat estrous cycle and after progesterone treatment to the ovariectomized estrogen-primed rat. In four-day cycling rats studied during the estrous cycle, the levels of circulating norepinephrine (NE) showed a sharp rise concomitant with the LH surge in the afternoon of proestrus. Following the peak, plasma NE fell rapidly to the minimum value by the morning of estrus. The administration of progesterone to ovariectomized estrogen-primed rats resulted in a surge in plasma NE levels 4 h after progesterone treatment. The maximal levels attained were 3-fold greater than baseline values, falling rapidly to reach basal values 8 h after the administration of progesterone. The amine levels remained unaffected 12-20 h later. The LH values attained a maximum 8 h after the injection of progesterone. In rats treated with estradiol benzoate (EB) followed by 0.1 ml of oil instead of progesterone, neither the NE nor the LH peak were observed. These findings are discussed with respect to the significance of increased amounts of plasma NE related to the LH surge. The relationship between plasma norepinephrine (NE) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the normal estrous cycle of rats was investigated and the effect of progesterone (P) treatment during the estrus cycle or after the induction of LH secretion  in ovariectomixed (OVX) estrogen-primed rates on NE levels was determined.  Levels of NE rose concomitantly with the surge in LH the afternoon of proestrus.  OVX rats were primed with 5 mg estradiol benzoate (EB) and 48 hours later given 1.5 mg P or control substances.  OVX estrogen-primed rates had a surge of NE 4 hours after treatment.  The maximum levels reached were 30 fold greater than baseline values.  Values fell to the baseline level 8 hours after administration of p.  Amine levels remained unaffected 12-20 hours later.  LH values peaked at 8 hours after P injection.  The source of the NE rise is discussed and it is suggested that general adrenergic activation is involved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035969"}
{"pmid": "1035973", "title": "Attack-induced changes in response to decapitation of plasma catecholamines of victim mice.", "content": "Attack-induced changes in response to decapitation of plasma catecholamines of victim mice. Male mice of 3 different strains (NIH, C57BR/cdJ and A/HeJ) were exposed individuality (victims) to attack by trained fighter Swiss Webster mice for 10 minutes daily for various numbers of days. Immediately after the last attack the victim mice were decapitated along with unattacked control mice of the appropriate strain, and plasma norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) were measured. The concentration of NE was significantly lower in decapitated C57BR/cdJ mice than in the other 2 strains. The concentrations of E and NE in the plasma of decapitated C57BR/cdJ and A/HeJ mice were significantly greater after 4 days of attacks, whereas in NIH mice plasma levels of only NE were greater and this occurred only after 14 days of attacks. After 7 days of exposure to attack, C57BR/cdJ and A/HeJ victim mice were permitted to rest for various periods of time. In C57BR/cdJ animals plasma E returned to almost normal levels after 2 days, and NE after 4 days, while in A/HeJ mice plasma E and NE returned to control levels already after 1 day of rest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035973"}
{"pmid": "1035972", "title": "Surface differences of normal and transformed cells as detected by a new, fluorescent labeling technique.", "content": "Surface differences of normal and transformed cells as detected by a new, fluorescent labeling technique. A method was developed to label the outer surface of chick embryo fibroblasts with fluorescamine. Cells were labeled in less than a minute without disruption of the monolayer. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolved two distinct areas of fluorescence: a group of high molecular weight polypeptides and several rapidly migrating species. The latter were demonstrated to be phospholipids by thin layer chromatography. Fluorescamine did not label internal components of the cell, as evidenced by two intracellular proteins which were found to be nonfluorescent. Intact normal cells were labeled threefold more than transformed cells, indicating a possible loss of reactive sites at the surface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035972"}
{"pmid": "1035974", "title": "Comparison of two methods for the determination of catalase activity.", "content": "Comparison of two methods for the determination of catalase activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035974"}
{"pmid": "1035975", "title": "Variations in immunoglobulin concentrations in Finnish x Dorset Horn lambs.", "content": "Variations in immunoglobulin concentrations in Finnish x Dorset Horn lambs. The serum immunoglobulin concentrations in two-day-old Finnish x Dorset Horn lambs, which were born and nursed indoors, were high and unrelated to littersize, except when young ewes had large litters, or when ewes lambed twice in a year. The results contrast sharply with those from Merino and Blackface lambs, examined previously, whose mean concentrations were much lower, and generally fell substantially with increasing litter-size. The superiority of the Finnish x Dorset Horn sheep in this respect is attributed to the ability of the lambs to suck particularly vigorously, shortly after birth, especially when large litters are compared, and to a higher rate of colostrum production by the ewes. The correlations between the immunoglobulin concentrations in the lambs and their growth and survival were significant but slight.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035975"}
{"pmid": "1035976", "title": "Breed differences in the position of the urethral meatus of gilts.", "content": "Breed differences in the position of the urethral meatus of gilts. In a strain of Pietrain the distance between the vulva and the urethral meatus is greater than that of other breeds of pig. This difference is such that it is difficult to catheterise the bladders of Pietrain gilts since the available specula are either too short in length or too wide in diameter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035976"}
{"pmid": "1035978", "title": "Spontaneous release of DNA by living cells [proceedings].", "content": "Spontaneous release of DNA by living cells [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035978"}
{"pmid": "1035977", "title": "DNA metabolism in relation to the differentiation of antibody-producing capacity by lymphoid tissues [proceedings].", "content": "DNA metabolism in relation to the differentiation of antibody-producing capacity by lymphoid tissues [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035977"}
{"pmid": "1035982", "title": "Prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in the Philippines: a review.", "content": "Prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in the Philippines: a review. The known endemic areas in the Philippines are the provinces of Mindoro Oriental and Sorsogon in Southern Luzon; the provinces of North, East and Western Samar; Leyte; and Bohol in Eastern Visayas, and all the provinces of Mindanao with the exception of Misamis Oriental, Davao Oriental and Maguindanao. The total snail area in 22 affected provinces is estimated aorth latitude. There are 655,124 estimated cases out of 3,961,000 exposed population or a prevalence of 16.5% based on the results of stool surveys conducted by Regional Schistosomiasis Advisory Teams and projected to the total population in the endemic areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035982"}
{"pmid": "1035965", "title": "Steroid regulation of sexual behavior.", "content": "Steroid regulation of sexual behavior. A review of experimental data on the steroid regulation of sexual behavior in the rat suggests that estrogen is involved in the control of both male and female sexual behavior.  Female sexual behavior is stimulated by estrogen alone or in combination with progesterone and by aromatizable androgens.  In the male, testosterone, androstenediol, and androstenedione were effective in the control of male sexual behavior.  Estrogen alone may initiate and restore full masculine copulatory behavior in sexually castrated males.  Estrogen may also synergize with nonaromatizable androgens and control behavior.  While antiestrogens are ineffective in inhibiting sexual behavior, aromatization blockers (primarily aminoglutethimide) can block sexual response in the presence of aromatizable androgens.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035965"}
{"pmid": "1035983", "title": "The biology of Schistosoma japonicum, Philippine strain: a review.", "content": "The biology of Schistosoma japonicum, Philippine strain: a review. Some important and adequately studied aspects of the biology of Schistosoma japonicum in the Philippines were reviewed and presented. The identity of the species of human blood fluke in the Philippines was established by Tubangui who also was the first to complete the life cycle of the parasite in his laboratory. Successful cross-infections of different strains of S. Japonicum from different mammalian hosts including man suggest that there is only one common strain for all of the definitive hosts in the Philippines. Studies on egg-laying habits, factors affecting hatching of eggs, eruption of cercariae from snails, cercarial survival and undocumented obervations are considered in this review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035983"}
{"pmid": "1035984", "title": "Current status of research on the biology of Mekong Schistosoma.", "content": "Current status of research on the biology of Mekong Schistosoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035984"}
{"pmid": "1035986", "title": "Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of Bathmostomum sangeri Cobbold, 1879, of elephants.", "content": "Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of Bathmostomum sangeri Cobbold, 1879, of elephants. Bathmostomum sangeri is an intestinal parasite of the elephant. Males measured 12.15-14.25 mm in length; females measured 14.98-17.68 mm in length. Buccal capsule is well-developed and funnel-shaped. There is a raised and transverse fissure ridge around the oral margin. The internal wall of the buccal capsule is raised into a series of circular ridges or lamellae. Teeth or cutting plates could not be seen. Spicules are stout, wing-like structures. The telamon is pear-shaped, but a gibernaculum is not present. There are two pairs of papillae on the either side of the cloacal opening. The female tail is gradually tepering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035986"}
{"pmid": "1035985", "title": "Advances in pathophysiology of schistosomiasis japonica: a review.", "content": "Advances in pathophysiology of schistosomiasis japonica: a review. Schistosomiasis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by a delayed type of hypersensitivity reaction to eggs deposited or trapped in the tissues. Granuloma formation, depending on extent, if in the liver will lead to portal hypertension while if in the lungs, will lead to pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1035985"}
{"pmid": "1036000", "title": "3H-GABA uptake and acetylcholinesterase activity in dissociated cell cultures of the medial hypothalamus.", "content": "3H-GABA uptake and acetylcholinesterase activity in dissociated cell cultures of the medial hypothalamus. Medial hypothalamic tissue of 1 to 4 days old rats was dissociated and cultured in vitro for 8--10 days. Neuronal perikarya were demonstrated by supravital methylene blue staining and electron microscopy. Synapses with typical vesicles and subsynaptic thickening were also observed. 3H-GABA was taken up into a small percentage of the cells in the cultures. Neuron-like perikarya and long processes accumulated the label while many neurons contained much less activity. Some astroglial and oligodendroglial cells and processes also accumulated GABA. A few neurons in these cultures contained acetylcholinesterase. It is concluded that neurons concentrating GABA and containing acetylcholinesterase are present in the hypothalamus of rats of 1 to 4 days of age and can be maintained in dissociated cell culture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036000"}
{"pmid": "1036001", "title": "Effect of thyroid hormone on initiation of persistent oestrus in the rat.", "content": "Effect of thyroid hormone on initiation of persistent oestrus in the rat. When rats are exposed to continuous illumination persistent oestrus and polyfollicular ovaries develop. Thyroidectomy at 24 days of age (juvenile rats) prevents the onset of persistent oestrus and polyfollicular ovaries under exposure to constant light, and irregular ovulation continues to occur. Replacement with 1.75 microng L-thyroxine in these rats produces a prolonged oestrus. However, in adult persistent-oestrous rats (90 days after exposure to continous illumination) thyroidectomy does not interrupt persistent vaginal cornification. In rats receiving 100 microng of testosterone propionate subcutaneously at 5 days of age, persistent oestrus and polyfollicular ovaries develop. Thyroidectomy at 24 days of age (juvenile) prevents the onset of persistent oestrus and the development of polyfollicular ovaries, however, ovulation is not observed. Replacement treatment with 1.75 microng L-thyroxine in these rats produces a prolonged oestrus and polyfollicular ovaries. However, in adult persistent oestrus rats, thyroidectomy at 130 days does not interrup persistent vaginal cornification. From these facts, it may be inferred that circulation of a physiological level of thyroid hormone in juvenile rats is necessary for the development of oestrogen binding receptors in the hypothalamus. Therefore, a hypothyroid state during the juvenile stage interferes with the development and maturation of hypothalamic controlled pituitary ovarian function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036001"}
{"pmid": "1036002", "title": "Observations on the effects of danazol on the female reproductive tract of mice.", "content": "Observations on the effects of danazol on the female reproductive tract of mice. Antifertility and oestrogenic effects of Danazol have been studied in female mice. Danazol brings about suppression of ovarian weight, presumably by inhibiting gonadotropin secretion. Enlargement of uterine horns and well defined vaginal keratinization was seen in Danazol treated ovariectomized animals. The results were similar to that of oestradiol dipropionate confirming the estrogenic activity of Danazol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036002"}
{"pmid": "1036003", "title": "Effects of cadmium chloride on the testis and sex accessory glands of the Indian palm squirrel, Funambulus pennanti (Wroughthon).", "content": "Effects of cadmium chloride on the testis and sex accessory glands of the Indian palm squirrel, Funambulus pennanti (Wroughthon). A single subcutaneous injection of cadmium chloride caused reversible destruction in the testis of palm, squirrel, Funambulus pennanti. Marked regression in testicular weight and seminiferous tubule diameter associated with complete necrosis of germinal epithelium was observed after 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days of cadmium administration. A significant increase in the concentration of testicular cholesterol was observed after 5 days treatment. Decrease in the citric acid concentration of prostate gland was associated with the degenerative changes of the spermatogenic elements. Reduced fructose concentration in the seminal vesicle and prostate of cadmium treated animals indicate an inhibition of androgen production. Decreased androgen production was also reflected by the atrophic seminal vesicles, prostate and epididymides. These effects were reversible and about 70% seminiferous tubules showed normal spermatogenesis. The cholesterol, fructose and citric acid concentration of testis and sex accessory glands returned to subnormal levels after 45 days of cadmium chloride treatment. It is suggested that the degenerative effects of cadmium chloride are dose, time and species dependent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036003"}
{"pmid": "1036004", "title": "The poly(A)-containing ribonucleoproteins in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells.", "content": "The poly(A)-containing ribonucleoproteins in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. The sedimentation characteristics and protein composition of the polyadenylic acid-containing ribonucleoprotein (RNP) particles separated from the polysomes of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells by means of ribonuclease treatment were studied. The results were compared with the corresponding characteristics of the poly(A)-containing particles of the cell nucleus. The sedimentation coefficient of the poly(A)-containing RNP from poly-ribosomes was found to be 11 S, while that of the nuclear particles was 14 S. In Cs2SO4 equilibrium density gradient values of p=1.25 and 1.34 gcm-3 were obtained for the nuclear particles and the poly(A)-RNP separated from polyribosomes, respectively. The molecular weights of the proteins making up the polysomal poly(A)-particles were found to be over 40 000 daltons, i.e. 54 000, 48 000, 68 000 and 89 000 daltons for the four polypeptides present in considerable amounts. As far as electrophoretic mobility is concerned these proteins were indistinguishable from the proteins of the nuclear poly(A)-containing RNP. However, the ratio of the components in the two types of particle proved to be quite different.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036004"}
{"pmid": "1036007", "title": "Effect of aminoglutethimide on corpora lutea of pregnant rats.", "content": "Effect of aminoglutethimide on corpora lutea of pregnant rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036007"}
{"pmid": "1036008", "title": "The association of multiple induced abortions with subsequent prematurity and spontaneous abortion.", "content": "The association of multiple induced abortions with subsequent prematurity and spontaneous abortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036008"}
{"pmid": "1036009", "title": "Faculty honoraria for continuing education activities.", "content": "Faculty honoraria for continuing education activities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036009"}
{"pmid": "1036012", "title": "Microinjection of tRNA into amphibian oocytes.", "content": "Microinjection of tRNA into amphibian oocytes. The microinjection technique affords us the possibility to introduce purified components into living cells and to answer the question of what effects the change introduced has on cellular metabolism. This technique can therefore be used to test the hypothesis that transfer RNA plays a regulatory role in cellular protein synthesis. Prior to these experiments it is important, however, to test whether transfer RNA microinjected into amphibian oocytes is stable and functional inside this cells. These two questions are answered affirmatively in this report. The stability of tRNA was tested by following the content of TCA precipitable counts inside the oocytes at different times after microinjection of radioactive yeast and E. coli tRNA and by polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis of the material recovered from the cell. The results clearly indicate that tRNAs are resistant to the action of occyte ribonucleases that degrade other RNAs such as 5S RNA. The functionality of the injected tRNA was tested by assaying the intracellular aminoacylation of microinjected yeast tRNA. The aminoacylation of bulk yeast (3H) tRNA introduced into Xenopus laevis oocytes was tested by the capacity of the material recovered 5 hours after injection into the cell to form a ternary complex with wheat protein synthesis elongation factor 1 and GTP. The complex only forms with aminoacyl-tRNA and not with unacylated tRNA. This method showed that at least 80% of the tRNA introduced into the cell was aminoacylated in vivo. A direct assay for internal aminoacylation made use of microinjection of pure tRNAPhe and subsequent determination by phenol extraction of (14C)Phe-tRNA content of oocytes that had been incubated for 2 hours in a medium containing (14C)phenylalanine. The results obtained showed that the oocytes could internally aminoacylate 200-500 times more tRNAPhe that the cell normally contains. Appropiate controls demonstrated that the aminoacylation was aminoacid and tRNA specific and that periodate oxidized tRNAPhe could not be in vivo aminoacylated but tRNAPhe deprived of its Y base could accept the aminoacid. A brief study demonstrated that bulk yeast tRNA and tRNAPhe without its Y base did not inhibit endogenous protein synthesis but a similar amount of tRNAPhe caused 50% inhibition and periodate-oxidized tRNAPhe a 95% inhibition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036012"}
{"pmid": "1036084", "title": "Students in a class by themselves. Pharmacy faculty and students experiment with a modular curriculum.", "content": "Students in a class by themselves. Pharmacy faculty and students experiment with a modular curriculum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036084"}
{"pmid": "1036087", "title": "World Medical Association: Declaration of Tokyo.", "content": "World Medical Association: Declaration of Tokyo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036087"}
{"pmid": "1036089", "title": "The role of small animal species in nutrition and food production.", "content": "The role of small animal species in nutrition and food production.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036089"}
{"pmid": "1036090", "title": "Use of cell-cycle information in the preparation of drug combinations: results with cytosine arabinoside plus actinomycin D1,2.", "content": "Use of cell-cycle information in the preparation of drug combinations: results with cytosine arabinoside plus actinomycin D1,2. Cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) plus actinomycin D acted synergistically in killing L1210 and DON cells. The time course of cell-kill by the combination was different from that seen for either drug alone. The results obtained (both with L1210 and synchronous DON cells) suggest that cells blocked in G1/S with continuing unbalanced growth are particularly sensitive to the combined action of ara-C and actinomycin D.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036090"}
{"pmid": "1036091", "title": "Arrested and cycling CHO cells as a kinetic model: studies with adriamycin.", "content": "Arrested and cycling CHO cells as a kinetic model: studies with adriamycin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036091"}
{"pmid": "1036092", "title": "Histochemical demonstration of an increase in acetylcholinesterase in established lines of human and mouse neuroblastomas by nerve growth factor.", "content": "Histochemical demonstration of an increase in acetylcholinesterase in established lines of human and mouse neuroblastomas by nerve growth factor. Cells of three established lines of human neuroblastoma and an established line of C1300 mouse neuroblastoma were grown in control medium or in experimental medium containing mouse nerve growth factor (NGF). Cultures were stained histochemically for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) during log growth and at confluency. Human neuroblastoma cells grown in medium containing NGF were morphologically more differentiated and they were stained much more intensely for AChE during both phases of growth than were cells in control cultures. The enzyme was distributed over cell bodies and neurites. Neuroblastoma cells of the mouse line were not stimulated to form neurites by NGF, but they were more intensely stained for acetylcholinesterase than cells grown in control medium. These observations support earlier findings that NGF stimulates differentiation of human and mouse neuroblastoma cells in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036092"}
{"pmid": "1036093", "title": "Biological effects of vinyl chloride: an experimental study.", "content": "Biological effects of vinyl chloride: an experimental study. Plasma activities of alkaline phosphatase, (AP), transaminases and total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) with isoenzymes were determined in mice inhaling 50 and 550 ppm vinyl chloride (VC). The animals were also autopsied and the tissue pathology was studies. The total LDH activity was elevanted in both dose groups along with a shift to cathodic enzymes. AP was increased in animals exposed to 500 ppm and transaminases were not at all changed. Enzyme changes occurred after the appearance of tumors. Alveologenic adenomas occurred in all animals at the higher dosage and in about half of the animals inhaling the lower dose. Subperitoneal and subcutaneous hemangiosarcomas were frequent in both dose groups; but especially among 50 ppm animals. Only one animal had a hemangiosarcoma of the liver. No liver fibrosis was seen. All primary subperitoneal and subcutaneous tumors were located in fat tissue. Telangiectasis was observed in two animals in the 500 ppm series. The importance of blood vessel changes in the toxicology of vinyl chloride is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036093"}
{"pmid": "1036096", "title": "Dietary factors in renal and hepatic toxicity of paracetamol.", "content": "Dietary factors in renal and hepatic toxicity of paracetamol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036096"}
{"pmid": "1036098", "title": "The combinations of the sexes in twin lambings.", "content": "The combinations of the sexes in twin lambings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036098"}
{"pmid": "1036097", "title": "Parental age and recombination frequency in the house mouse.", "content": "Parental age and recombination frequency in the house mouse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036097"}
{"pmid": "1036099", "title": "Seasonal variation in oestrus activity and body weight changes in native sheep (Jaiselmeri) under semi-arid conditions.", "content": "Seasonal variation in oestrus activity and body weight changes in native sheep (Jaiselmeri) under semi-arid conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036099"}
{"pmid": "1036100", "title": "Uterine endometrial gland characteristics during estrous cycle in the water buffalo.", "content": "Uterine endometrial gland characteristics during estrous cycle in the water buffalo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036100"}
{"pmid": "1036101", "title": "A note on the oestrus cycle in Bannur sheep.", "content": "A note on the oestrus cycle in Bannur sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036101"}
{"pmid": "1036102", "title": "Study of seminal attributes in a Holstein Friesian bull associated with partial testicular hypoplasia.", "content": "Study of seminal attributes in a Holstein Friesian bull associated with partial testicular hypoplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036102"}
{"pmid": "1036104", "title": "The malpractice crisis today: I. The year of revolt and political action.", "content": "The malpractice crisis today: I. The year of revolt and political action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036104"}
{"pmid": "1036103", "title": "Preliminary observations of 'fertivet' in induction of heat in anoestrous cows and buffaloes.", "content": "Preliminary observations of 'fertivet' in induction of heat in anoestrous cows and buffaloes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036103"}
{"pmid": "1036108", "title": "Recent advances in the genetics of diabetes.", "content": "Recent advances in the genetics of diabetes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036108"}
{"pmid": "1036110", "title": "Prevention and treatment of eye complications in leprosy.", "content": "Prevention and treatment of eye complications in leprosy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036110"}
{"pmid": "1036109", "title": "Legal rights of the voluntary patient.", "content": "Legal rights of the voluntary patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036109"}
{"pmid": "1036117", "title": "Environmental enrichment and crowding: behavioral and hormonal effects.", "content": "Environmental enrichment and crowding: behavioral and hormonal effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036117"}
{"pmid": "1036118", "title": "Adrenalectomy: protection from kindled convulsion induced amnesia in rats.", "content": "Adrenalectomy: protection from kindled convulsion induced amnesia in rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036118"}
{"pmid": "1036119", "title": "Feeding patterns of theophyllinized rats and effects of dextrose on their food intake.", "content": "Feeding patterns of theophyllinized rats and effects of dextrose on their food intake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036119"}
{"pmid": "1036125", "title": "Hypodontus macropi, Mönnig, 1929 from a Bennetts' wallaby Macropus rufogrisea.", "content": "Hypodontus macropi, Mönnig, 1929 from a Bennetts' wallaby Macropus rufogrisea. Hypodontus macropi was found in Macropus rufogrisea. Males measured 12.73--13.93 mm in length; one female was 19.07 mm in length. The buccal capsule was funnel-shaped. The mouth opening was directed antero-ventrally. There was a pair of large cutting plates on the dorsal margin of the buccal capsule. The brusal rays were well-developed. Spicules were equal and each bore a cuticular wing. A gubernaculum and a telamon were present. The vulva was situated near the anus. The female tail, 0.163 mm in length, was suddenly tapering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036125"}
{"pmid": "1036131", "title": "Bovine ostertagiosis, a review. Analysis of types and syndromes found in France by post mortem examinations and total worm counts.", "content": "Bovine ostertagiosis, a review. Analysis of types and syndromes found in France by post mortem examinations and total worm counts. We have completed an analysis of the total worm counts (including digests) performed on 74 weaned cattle of various ages and sacrified in our laboratory. We identified 21 cases of animals suffering from Ostertagiosis (harbouring over 40,000 adults + immatures in the lumen and the mucosa) or moribund animals showing symptoms and lesions of Ostertagiosis. The results are presented with the Parasite profiles (percentage of G.I. genera) and Parasite levels (\"Very low, Low and Average\" for carrier animals and \"High\" and \"Very High\" for animals suffering from parasitism). We have observed typical cases of Type I on weaned calves but not on calves grazing when suckling their own dams (Charollais, Limousin type), Pretype II and typical Type II on 2 year old or older animals. Variants of Type II were found : Fasciologis/Ostertagiosis complex and Parturient Ostertagiosis which seems to be well-known by practitioners. Complexes of a clinical Type II + stage of Pretype II with 1 to 2 million hypobiotic L4 larvae could explain the difficulty to control very severe diseases. Oedematous ostertagiosis is also described as an original type or syndrome in 2 to 3 year old cattle : the typical lesion is a dramatic oedema of the abomasum which is found enlarged up to X 2 or X 3 times its normal size/weight. The abomasal folds and the edges are filled with a watery oedema and have an appearance of \"foetal membranes\". As only few parasites are present the disease is considered to be an allergic over reaction in adult animals. It is recommended that the peptic digestion of the abomasal mucosa and differential counts of the various developmental stages of the parasites be added to the routine technique used in diagnosis laboratories.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036131"}
{"pmid": "1036133", "title": "Subcellular distribution of a rat hepatic binding protein specific for uridine diphosphoglucose.", "content": "Subcellular distribution of a rat hepatic binding protein specific for uridine diphosphoglucose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036133"}
{"pmid": "1036134", "title": "Protection of chlorophyll by phospholipids from photooxidation.", "content": "Protection of chlorophyll by phospholipids from photooxidation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036134"}
{"pmid": "1036135", "title": "Transition metal ions induce cell growth in NRK cells synchronized in G1 by picolinic acid.", "content": "Transition metal ions induce cell growth in NRK cells synchronized in G1 by picolinic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036135"}
{"pmid": "1036136", "title": "Purification of the sperm-binding factor from the egg of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus.", "content": "Purification of the sperm-binding factor from the egg of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036136"}
{"pmid": "1036138", "title": "The relationship between surface protease activity and the rate of cell proliferation in normal and transformed cells.", "content": "The relationship between surface protease activity and the rate of cell proliferation in normal and transformed cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036138"}
{"pmid": "1036137", "title": "Association of a GDP binding activity with initiation factor eIF-2 from calf liver.", "content": "Association of a GDP binding activity with initiation factor eIF-2 from calf liver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036137"}
{"pmid": "1036164", "title": "Focus on co-therapy in a rehabilitation programme for advanced schizophrenia.", "content": "Focus on co-therapy in a rehabilitation programme for advanced schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036164"}
{"pmid": "1036165", "title": "The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function.", "content": "The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function. The terminology of lower urinary tract function will be standardized by the ICS. This report contains the recommendations dealing with urinary incontinence, procedures related to the evaluation of urine storage (cystometry, urethral closure pressure profile) and units of measurement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036165"}
{"pmid": "1036167", "title": "Pathoanatomy of the female genital tract of buffaloes.", "content": "Pathoanatomy of the female genital tract of buffaloes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036167"}
{"pmid": "1036168", "title": "Effect of synthetic progestin melengestrol acetate (MGA) on oestrous behaviour of anoestrus cattle.", "content": "Effect of synthetic progestin melengestrol acetate (MGA) on oestrous behaviour of anoestrus cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036168"}
{"pmid": "1036170", "title": "Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase activity as in index of placental function in cases of bleeding during first half of pregnancy.", "content": "Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase activity as in index of placental function in cases of bleeding during first half of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036170"}
{"pmid": "1036173", "title": "A single cannula technique for nonsurgical collection of ova from cattle.", "content": "A single cannula technique for nonsurgical collection of ova from cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036173"}
{"pmid": "1036174", "title": "Postpartum uterine and ovarian changes, and estrous behavior from lactation effects in normal and hormone treated ewes.", "content": "Postpartum uterine and ovarian changes, and estrous behavior from lactation effects in normal and hormone treated ewes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036174"}
{"pmid": "1036175", "title": "Artificial insemination of sheep: the effect of semen diluents containing egg yolk on the fertility of ram semen.", "content": "Artificial insemination of sheep: the effect of semen diluents containing egg yolk on the fertility of ram semen. Results from an artificial insemination (AI) experiment revealing the effect of semen dilutents containing egg yolk on the fertility of ram semen are presented. Ram semen was diluted 30-fold in buffered glucose-saline solution containing .  375, 1.5, or 6% v/v egg yolk and a portion of each was used soon for the AI of ewes or was incubated at 35 degrees C for 1 hour prior to AI. Some of the semen collection was used undiluted for AI of 10(8) spermatozoa/dose. All diluted samples  were reconcentrated by centrifugation so that each dose was 10(8) spermatozoa in a volume of 100 mcl. 1146 ewes were inseminated.  Fertility was assessed from 28 to 45 day nonreturns to estrus and nonreturn rates (NRRs) were expressed as percentages for the various treatments. Undiluted semen (controls) revealed 69%, semen used soon after dilution, .375% yolk in dilutent  58%, 1.5% yolk 50%, 6% yolk 42%;  diluted semen incubated for 1 hour before use, .375% yolk 49%, 1.5% yolk 51%, and 6% yolk 39%. NRR was significantly depressed by dilution (p less than .001) and by increasing amounts of egg yolk (p less than .01) in the dilutent. Incubation  of diluted semen before AI caused a small fall in NRR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036175"}
{"pmid": "1036177", "title": "The challenge: PSRO and optometry.", "content": "The challenge: PSRO and optometry. Professional Standards Review Organizations (PSRO) will be reviewing services rendered under Medicare/Medicaid and Maternal and Child Health. The United States has been divided into 203 PSRO areas. In states with three or more PSROs, a statewide Professional Standards Review Council will be set up. A national Professional Standards Review Council advises the Secretary of HEW and Congress on the progress of the PSRO program. Norms, criteria and standards will be used in the PSRO review process. It is hoped that the PSRO system will be able to improve the quality and cost effectiveness of health care being paid for by the Federal government.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036177"}
{"pmid": "1036178", "title": "PSRO's and optometry.", "content": "PSRO's and optometry. Public Law 92-603 is reviewed and reference made to sections where optometry can be involved. A guide to the development of a program for inclusion in the PSRO program is discussed and a challenge to the profession is issued.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036178"}
{"pmid": "1036182", "title": "Quantitative analysis of neurosecretory granules in the median eminence of the rat during the estrous cycle in the senium.", "content": "Quantitative analysis of neurosecretory granules in the median eminence of the rat during the estrous cycle in the senium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036182"}
{"pmid": "1036171", "title": "Critical closing pressure in the fetal vessel of the human placenta in vitro. II. Compared effects of a beta adrenergic substance, Salbutamol, on the critical closing pressure and vascular resistance.", "content": "Critical closing pressure in the fetal vessel of the human placenta in vitro. II. Compared effects of a beta adrenergic substance, Salbutamol, on the critical closing pressure and vascular resistance. Salbutamol effects upon the fetal vessels of the human placenta were studied in vitro, comparing the changes induced upon the critical closing pressure (CCP) and viscous resistance (R). Four normal full-term placentas were used. In each of them, 4 cotyledonary areas were perfused, thus obtaining a total of 16 measurements for the observation of spontaneous variations (blank), by perfusion with Krebs solution, and the same amount for the variations due to Salbutamol. The concentration used was 10 microgram/ml, with a 4.25 ml/min flow. The relative effect of Salbutamol upon CCP was its decrease--30.4% against a relative spontaneous variation of --3.6%. The mean relative effect upon R was much lower, --9.4%. against a mean relative spontaneous variation of + 3.3%. The advantages of using CCP instead of R as a parameter of vascular contractility are discussed. Furthermore, Salbutamol is suggested to be useful in improving fetal placental circulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036171"}
{"pmid": "1036183", "title": "Trisomy 9p found in two sibs resulting from maternal translocation.", "content": "Trisomy 9p found in two sibs resulting from maternal translocation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036183"}
{"pmid": "1036184", "title": "Genetic polymorphism of human serum factor B (Bf) in Japanese.", "content": "Genetic polymorphism of human serum factor B (Bf) in Japanese.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036184"}
{"pmid": "1036185", "title": "Discriminatory analysis of dermatoglyphics of hypogonadism.", "content": "Discriminatory analysis of dermatoglyphics of hypogonadism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036185"}
{"pmid": "1036172", "title": "Effects of oxamate, an inhibitor of lactate dahydrogenase, upon the spontaneous or oxytocin-induced motility and over pyruvate levels of uterine horns isolated from ovariectomized or estrus rats.", "content": "Effects of oxamate, an inhibitor of lactate dahydrogenase, upon the spontaneous or oxytocin-induced motility and over pyruvate levels of uterine horns isolated from ovariectomized or estrus rats. The stability with time of the spontaneous as well as the oxytocin-triggered functional activity of uterine borns isolated from induced estrus rats and immersed in a medium with lactate as the substrate was not affected by the presence of oxomate (an inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase) at 10 or 20mM. On the contrary, the oxytocin-driven and the spontaneous motility of preparations obtained from 15 days castrated rats diminished significantly following in addition of the enzyme inhibitor. Furthermore, uterine borns from ovariectomized animals injected with 17-beta estradiol, regain the lack of functional sensivity towards oxamate. In addition, determinations of pyruvate levels in homogenates of uterine tissue, previously suspended in lactate medium (as in the functional experiments), demonstrate to be significantly reduced, following oxamate. Several possible reasons, attempting to explain these findings, are discussed. The pharmacological effects of oxamate on the spontaneous or the oxytocin-induced motility of isolated rat uterus in a solution with lactate as the sole external substrate were investigated during estrus, following ovariectomy, and after castration accompanied with estradiol replacement therapy.  Uterine preparations were tested for mechanical activity (isometric-developed tension and the frequency of contractions).  Initial oxytocin-induced activity of the uterus of rats in induced estrus was significantly greater than spontaneous activity (p.01).  Oxamate added to the suspension was ineffective in modifying this activity.  In castrate rats, however, the addition of oxamate to the medium significantly reduced oxytocin-driven and spontaneous motility.  Those ovariectomized rats receiving replacement therapy were also resistant to oxamate effects.  The effects of oxamate upon pyruvate levels of oxytocin-exposed uterine tissue were also determined.  In the presence of oxamate, levels of uterine pyruvate in all the hormonal conditions were significantly lower than in controls (p.001).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036172"}
{"pmid": "1036187", "title": "Modifying effects of inactivated bovine serum on the acute toxicity of methylmercuric chloride in cells cultured in vitro.", "content": "Modifying effects of inactivated bovine serum on the acute toxicity of methylmercuric chloride in cells cultured in vitro. Dynamics of the killing of Ehrlich's murine ascites tumor cells by methylmercuric chloride, MMC, were investigated. Thresholds in the killing action of MMC were observed in the MMC treatment concentration, but not in the MMC treatment time. Inactivated bovine serum protected the E-cells from killing by MMC in vitro. The apparent MMC toxicity was reduced as the serum concentration increased, but remaining partially at high concentrations. Thus the serum increases the threshold for MMC toxicity. It was confirmed that the mode of action, observed as the kinetics of the acute lethality by suspicious substances, could be examined promptly on the mammalian cell level by the present experimental system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036187"}
{"pmid": "1036193", "title": "Ricinus communis toxin-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis in cell-free extracts of a toxin-resistant variant mouse lymphoma cell line.", "content": "Ricinus communis toxin-mediated inhibition of protein synthesis in cell-free extracts of a toxin-resistant variant mouse lymphoma cell line. Ricinus communis agglutinin II (RCAII, ricin, toxin) at low concentrations inhibits protein synthesis in cell-free extracts, but not in intact cells, of an RCAII-resistant mouse lymphoma variant cell line. The concentration dependence of the inhibition by RCAII was the same in cell-free extracts of both RCAII-resistant variant and RCAII-sensitive parental cells, while intact parental cells are 250 times more sensitive to RCAII toxicity. The onset of RCAII inhibition of cell-free protein synthesis was extremely rapid in both cases, being complete in a few minutes. Under these conditions RCAII inhibits protein synthesis in intact RCAII-sensitive parental cells, but maximal inhibition requires several hours to occur. These results support our previous electron microscopic observations that the variant cells are defective in the uptake of RCAII by endocytosis at low toxin concentrations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036193"}
{"pmid": "1036200", "title": "Evaluation of the quality of a soya-bean-protein concentrate by nitrogen balance studies with human volunteers [proceedings].", "content": "Evaluation of the quality of a soya-bean-protein concentrate by nitrogen balance studies with human volunteers [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036200"}
{"pmid": "1036201", "title": "A defective response to cold in the obese (obob) mouse and the obese Zucker (fafa) rat [proceedings].", "content": "A defective response to cold in the obese (obob) mouse and the obese Zucker (fafa) rat [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036201"}
{"pmid": "1036203", "title": "Psychopharmacological studies on echitovenidine.", "content": "Psychopharmacological studies on echitovenidine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036203"}
{"pmid": "1036204", "title": "Mammalian fertilization.", "content": "Mammalian fertilization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036204"}
{"pmid": "1036202", "title": "An explanation of the paradoxical activities of alpha-retinol [proceedings].", "content": "An explanation of the paradoxical activities of alpha-retinol [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036202"}
{"pmid": "1036205", "title": "Gyral development of the human brain.", "content": "Gyral development of the human brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036205"}
{"pmid": "1036195", "title": "Changes in the content of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the brain in the selection of silver foxes according to behavior.", "content": "Changes in the content of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the brain in the selection of silver foxes according to behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036195"}
{"pmid": "1036214", "title": "Development of a drug education training course for school teachers.", "content": "Development of a drug education training course for school teachers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036214"}
{"pmid": "1036216", "title": "A preliminary fertility appraisal of exotic cattle herds.", "content": "A preliminary fertility appraisal of exotic cattle herds. The fertility of 754 cows and 13 heifers in 4 government and several private herds of exotic milk and beef breeds in Uganda were studied using information originated from the records of genital examinations conducted during a period of 15 months. The pregnancy or in-calf rate in these animals ranged between 59.2% (private farms) and 85.3% (government farms). The proportion of cows not inseminated by three months after parturition varied between 50% (government farms) and 92.9% (private farms). The average number of days open was 119.07 to 249.51 in government farms and 187.43 days in private farms, the index of artificial insemination ranged between 1.5 and 3.18. Clinical examination revealed that inactive ovaries (52.9%) and normal cyclic changes (24.5%) were the main disturbances in cows with fertility problems. A smaller percentage was attributed to cystic follicles, endometritis, and others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036216"}
{"pmid": "1036217", "title": "The effect of light stimulus on Pekin ducks in the subtropics. Effect on the reproduction.", "content": "The effect of light stimulus on Pekin ducks in the subtropics. Effect on the reproduction. Experiments were carried out to study the effect of an extended light period (natural, gradual, and abrupt) on the semen characteristics, fertility, and hatchability of Pekin ducks. The results obtained can be summarised as follows: 1. Night feeding has no reliable effect on the semen production and characteristics in drakes. Thus, any improvement in the semen characteristics of different treated groups compared to the control may be traced back to light stimulus only. 2. Light stimulus showed a favourable effect on the semen volume and sperm motility, concentration, viability and normality during the two laying seasons. 3. Subjection of ducks to artificial light had a favourable effect on their fertility and hatchability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036217"}
{"pmid": "1036220", "title": "Health planning--unresolved questions.", "content": "Health planning--unresolved questions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036220"}
{"pmid": "1036222", "title": "National PSRO council: a physician forum.", "content": "National PSRO council: a physician forum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036222"}
{"pmid": "1036221", "title": "Quality assessment: a growing reality in medical practice.", "content": "Quality assessment: a growing reality in medical practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036221"}
{"pmid": "1036225", "title": "Skin temperature as an indicator of stress in soft tissue.", "content": "Skin temperature as an indicator of stress in soft tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036225"}
{"pmid": "1036227", "title": "Thermal balance and thermal comfort in the built environment.", "content": "Thermal balance and thermal comfort in the built environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036227"}
{"pmid": "1036228", "title": "Development of mobile toilets.", "content": "Development of mobile toilets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036228"}
{"pmid": "1036229", "title": "An instrument for measuring intracorneal adhesion of the stratum corneum of human skin.", "content": "An instrument for measuring intracorneal adhesion of the stratum corneum of human skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036229"}
{"pmid": "1036230", "title": "The contribution of technology to the management of pregnancy and the first few days of extra-uterine life.", "content": "The contribution of technology to the management of pregnancy and the first few days of extra-uterine life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036230"}
{"pmid": "1036226", "title": "Liquid conditioned system for aircraft.", "content": "Liquid conditioned system for aircraft.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036226"}
{"pmid": "1036233", "title": "Maternal nutrition and traditional food behavior in Haiti.", "content": "Maternal nutrition and traditional food behavior in Haiti.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036233"}
{"pmid": "1036235", "title": "An assessment of the criteria approach to medical care evaluation.", "content": "An assessment of the criteria approach to medical care evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036235"}
{"pmid": "1036232", "title": "You can deal with stress.", "content": "You can deal with stress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036232"}
{"pmid": "1036236", "title": "The dangerous patient: should the physician warn the endangered?", "content": "The dangerous patient: should the physician warn the endangered?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036236"}
{"pmid": "1036238", "title": "Update: PSROs and confidentiality.", "content": "Update: PSROs and confidentiality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036238"}
{"pmid": "1036240", "title": "Bilateral anterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia as false localization sign.", "content": "Bilateral anterior internuclear ophthalmoplegia as false localization sign.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036240"}
{"pmid": "1036239", "title": "External carotid embolisation--an useful prior adjunct to excision of convexity cerebral meningiomas.", "content": "External carotid embolisation--an useful prior adjunct to excision of convexity cerebral meningiomas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036239"}
{"pmid": "1036234", "title": "The widening scope of the physician-patient contract.", "content": "The widening scope of the physician-patient contract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036234"}
{"pmid": "1036241", "title": "Melatonin inhibition of reproduction in the male hamster: its dependency on time of day of administration and on an intact and sympathetically innervated pineal gland.", "content": "Melatonin inhibition of reproduction in the male hamster: its dependency on time of day of administration and on an intact and sympathetically innervated pineal gland. The daily s.c injection of 25 microgram melatonin (MEL) in oil into adult male hamsters at 7 p.m. (lights on 6 a.m. to 8 p.m.) for 50 days caused involution of the tests, coagulation of gland and seminal vesicles and depression in pituitary prolactin (Prl) levels. Similar injections of MEL given at 9 a.m. completely failed to cause regression of the sex organs or a depression in pituitary Prl levels. Injections of MEL in the p.m. were completely ineffective in inhibiting either the growth of the gonads and adnexa or the pituitary Prl levels if the animals had been pinealectomized. Likewise, superior cervical ganglionectomy, decentralization of the superior cervical ganglia and anterior hypothalamic deafferetation, procedures which interfere with the sympathetic nerve supply to the pineal gland, negated the ability of p.m. MEL injections to inhibit reproduction in male hamsters. The results indicate that daily MEL injections are capable of suppressing reproductive physiology in male hamsters, but only when the indole is injected late in the light period, in this case, 13 h after light on. The findings also illustrate that daily p.m. MEL injections can inhibit reproduction only in animals that have an intact and sympathetically innervated pineal gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036241"}
{"pmid": "1036244", "title": "Argon and xenon photocoagulation in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.", "content": "Argon and xenon photocoagulation in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036244"}
{"pmid": "1036243", "title": "Effects of castration on entrainment of the peripheral corticosterone rhythm in rats before and after puberty.", "content": "Effects of castration on entrainment of the peripheral corticosterone rhythm in rats before and after puberty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036243"}
{"pmid": "1036242", "title": "Quantitative histochemical studies of the hypothalamus. Dehydrogenase enzymes during the estrous cycle.", "content": "Quantitative histochemical studies of the hypothalamus. Dehydrogenase enzymes during the estrous cycle. Three enzymes selected as representative of major metabolic pathways (malic dehydrogenase, of the citric acid cycle, lactic dehydrogenase, of glycolysis and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, of the pentose pathway) were measured by quantitative histochemical methods in individual hypothalamic nuclei during the 5-day estrous cycle of adult rats. Malic dehydrogenase increases significantly from low proestrous levels to a peak at estrus and then declines during diestrus in the following nuclei and areas of the anterior hypothalamus: medial and lateral preoptic, suprachiasmatic, supraoptic, and anterior. Significant peaks of lactic dehydrogenase occur more often during diestrus-3 in hypothalamic nuclei of the middle and posterior hypothalamus, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase has a biphasic pattern with peaks usually occurring during the diestrous period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036242"}
{"pmid": "1036237", "title": "PSRO perspective. Nonphysician review.", "content": "PSRO perspective. Nonphysician review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036237"}
{"pmid": "1036251", "title": "Electrical activity of dog myometrium in vivo.", "content": "Electrical activity of dog myometrium in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036251"}
{"pmid": "1036252", "title": "Faculty salaries in colleges of pharmacy: 1975-1976.", "content": "Faculty salaries in colleges of pharmacy: 1975-1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036252"}
{"pmid": "1036253", "title": "Training in educational techniques for future pharmacy educators.", "content": "Training in educational techniques for future pharmacy educators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036253"}
{"pmid": "1036254", "title": "Significant issues raised by the Study Commission on Pharmacy report--an educator's perspective.", "content": "Significant issues raised by the Study Commission on Pharmacy report--an educator's perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036254"}
{"pmid": "1036255", "title": "Evaluation: from idea \"A\" to issue \"Z\".", "content": "Evaluation: from idea \"A\" to issue \"Z\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036255"}
{"pmid": "1036287", "title": "Scanning electron microscopy of the ova of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni.", "content": "Scanning electron microscopy of the ova of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni. Ova of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni were studied with the scanning electron microscope. Observations on the microsculpture, the excretory groove on the spine, and the mode of miracidial hatching are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036287"}
{"pmid": "1036285", "title": "Congenital retarded myelinization in a new-born child with infantile spasms.", "content": "Congenital retarded myelinization in a new-born child with infantile spasms. A new-born child with frequent infantile spasms was investigated. In a cachectic state it died at the age of 11 months. Biopsy of the cerebral cortex revealed a retarded myelinization; at autopsy this slight myelinization was found again. The ganglioside pattern suggested a developmental stage of approximately 3 months before birth. This is a case with a congenital failure of myelinization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036285"}
{"pmid": "1036286", "title": "Mitosis and cytokinesis in the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae.", "content": "Mitosis and cytokinesis in the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae. Mitosis and cytokinesis are described in the free-living dinoflagellate, Amphidinium carterae Hulburt. In prophase, invaginations of the nuclear envelope form into tunnels which enclose bundles of microtubules. No centrioles or spindle organizers are present but microbodies are situated at the ends of the bundles of microtubules. The dividing chromosomes are attached to the tunnels, and microtubules connect to the nuclear envelope adjacent to the chromosomes by means of kinetochore-like structures. At anaphase, daughter chromatids are pulled apart as the nucleus extends but there is little change in the pole to chromosome distance. Cytokinesis is brought about by pinching-in of the cytoplasm adjacent to the equatorial region in an area where many microtubules lie under the plasmalemma. The account adds further details to the earlier descriptions of mitosis in other dinoflagellates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036286"}
{"pmid": "1036288", "title": "Transurethral or endoscopic ureterectomy.", "content": "Transurethral or endoscopic ureterectomy. A technique of ureterectomy performed endoscopically in 5 cases, following nephro-ureterectomy for pelvic papillomatosis, without evident ureteric involvement, is described. This technique for its simplicity, speed of execution and innocuity, proved to be of practical utility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036288"}
{"pmid": "1036289", "title": "The mechanisms of appearance of viral glycoproteins at the cell surface membrane.", "content": "The mechanisms of appearance of viral glycoproteins at the cell surface membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036289"}
{"pmid": "1036290", "title": "Hormone receptor levels and hormone, RNA and protein metabolism in the genital tract during the oestrous cycle in the ewe.", "content": "Hormone receptor levels and hormone, RNA and protein metabolism in the genital tract during the oestrous cycle in the ewe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036290"}
{"pmid": "1036291", "title": "Studies of the composition of human uterine rinsings.", "content": "Studies of the composition of human uterine rinsings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036291"}
{"pmid": "1036294", "title": "Cytogenetic study in primary amenorrhea.", "content": "Cytogenetic study in primary amenorrhea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036294"}
{"pmid": "1036295", "title": "Intensity of selection against cleft lip and/or cleft palate.", "content": "Intensity of selection against cleft lip and/or cleft palate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036295"}
{"pmid": "1036296", "title": "A genetic study of schizophrenia pedigree. I. Demographic studies: sample description, age of onset, ascertainment and classification.", "content": "A genetic study of schizophrenia pedigree. I. Demographic studies: sample description, age of onset, ascertainment and classification.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036296"}
{"pmid": "1036297", "title": "The comparative effect of prolonged feeding with raw and heated soybean mean on the growth response, pancreatic enlargement and pancreatic enzymes of chicks.", "content": "The comparative effect of prolonged feeding with raw and heated soybean mean on the growth response, pancreatic enlargement and pancreatic enzymes of chicks. Prolonged feeding of chicks with raw soybean meal as the main protein source in the diet resulted in growth inhibition, pancreas enlargement, and increased content of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes. The effect of feeding with raw soybean meal as compared to heated soybean meal upon total intestinal enzymatic activities in chicks was tested. The tendency of chicks to overcome the effects of raw soybean meal is expressed mainly by the increase of biosynthesis and secretion of proteolytic enzymes in the pancreas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036297"}
{"pmid": "1036299", "title": "Metabolic acidosis, nitrogen balance and weight gain in preterm infants.", "content": "Metabolic acidosis, nitrogen balance and weight gain in preterm infants. Nitrogen balance, urinary NAE and the acid base parameters in the blood of 15 male preterm infants with birth weights of 1000--2370 g (mean 1715 g) and gestational age of 29--37 weeks (mean 33.3 weeks) were determined weekly, in the first six weeks of life. The sum of NAE plus acid retention, as \"total acid\", was used to investigate the relationship between nitrogen balance, weight gain and acid-base homeostasis. During the first three postnatal weeks, nitrogen intake, urinary and faecal loss of nitrogen as well as the nitrogen retention were rapidly increasing. Later, urinary excretion continued to rise, the intake remained unchanged and as a result, the amount of retained nitrogen decreased slightly. Urinary NAE was steadily increasing to reach the maximum of 2.8 mEq/kg by the fourth week. Acid retention was the most pronounced in the second and third week, thereafter it fell until the end of the study. The importance of NAE relative to acid retention was continuously increasing throughout the observation period. The \"total acid\" increased gradually and reached its peak value in the third week of life. Subsequently a continuous fall was seen. During the first three weeks of life there was a significant positive correlation between \"total acid\" and nitrogen intake and urinary nitrogen extraction. Since the increase in \"total acid\" went parallel with the increasing nitrogen retention, the latter may be assumed to be an additional factor in producing acidosis. Calculated per 100 mg nitrogen ingested, retained or excreted with urine, \"total acid\" was decreasing with the increasing rate of weight gain. This indicates that the growth process -- irrespective of the postnatal development of renal H+ handling -- is also involved in the elimination of acids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036299"}
{"pmid": "1036300", "title": "New inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase.", "content": "New inhibitors of dopamine beta-hydroxylase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036300"}
{"pmid": "1036301", "title": "An integrated approach to instruction in pharmacology and therapeutics.", "content": "An integrated approach to instruction in pharmacology and therapeutics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036301"}
{"pmid": "1036303", "title": "Some observations on the relationship of Schistosoma haematobium with its intermediate host.", "content": "Some observations on the relationship of Schistosoma haematobium with its intermediate host.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036303"}
{"pmid": "1036328", "title": "An improved freeze-dried bilirubin preparation.", "content": "An improved freeze-dried bilirubin preparation. We describe the conditions for successful freeze-drying of bilirubin solutions in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide and human serum albumin. Freeze-dried bilirubin preparations rehydrate readily, rapidly resulting in clear solutions. The preparations exhibit excellent homogeneity and stability at -20 degrees C. Accelerated storage tests indicate that the freeze-dried product would also be stable at higher temperatures but our results do not permit, at the present time, to make accurate predictions regarding the stability at 4 degrees C or 0 degrees C. We believe that our approach will permit manufacturers of bilirubin calibrators for clinical use to improve the quality of their products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036328"}
{"pmid": "1036327", "title": "Observation of the freeze-drying process of biological materials with a scanning electron microscope.", "content": "Observation of the freeze-drying process of biological materials with a scanning electron microscope. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have been done on the freeze-drying of biological materials from a physical, chemical and biological point of view. Morphological observation of the freeze-drying process of specimens, however, has been tried by only a few investigators. In those studies, thin-layered aqueous specimens, which were sandwiched between two cover slips, were mostly observed with an optical microscope. For ultrastructural and stereoscopic observation, the scanning electron microscope has a great advantage, unlike that of the optical microscope. A specially designed cryo-scanning electron microscope, employed in the present study, made it possible to observe the freezing patterns of the specimens and also the sublimation process of ice in frozen specimens under vacuum. With this specially designed microscope, shrinkage of some specimens due to dehydration during the freeze-drying process was revealed and the extent of such shrinkage was quantitatively determined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036327"}
{"pmid": "1036325", "title": "Specific associations of prokaryotes with symbiotic flagellate protozoa from the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes and the wood-eating roack Cryptocercus.", "content": "Specific associations of prokaryotes with symbiotic flagellate protozoa from the hindgut of the termite Reticulitermes and the wood-eating roack Cryptocercus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036325"}
{"pmid": "1036329", "title": "Functional representation of ultrasonic vocalization evoked from rats by electrical stimulation of the brain.", "content": "Functional representation of ultrasonic vocalization evoked from rats by electrical stimulation of the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036329"}
{"pmid": "1036326", "title": "Absence of hyperactivity in lead-exposed developing rats.", "content": "Absence of hyperactivity in lead-exposed developing rats. It has been reported that postnatal lead treatment produces hyperactivity in rodents. Using rats, we attempted to extend these findings. Locomotor activity of offspring of lead-intubated and pair-fed control mothers was measured at 24-27 days of age, and no significant differences in reactivity or basal activity were found. Observational scoring of the animals at 28-29 and 35-36 days of age indicated that active behaviors were slightly reduced in the lead-treated rats. The brain lead concentrations of experimental animals were slightly reduced in the lead-treated rats. The brain lead concentrations of experimental animals were significantly elevated over controls. Estimates of statistical power indicated that behavioral effects of the magnitude reported in the literature would likely have been detected. The present results indicate that low-level lead exposure may not reliably produce hyperactivity in rodents. A review of the literature suggests that other data provide little support for a recently proposed rodent model of hyperactivity in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036326"}
{"pmid": "1036332", "title": "Experimental observations on the integration of bladder and urethral function.", "content": "Experimental observations on the integration of bladder and urethral function. Bladder and urethral pressure responses to pelvic sympathetic and pudendal nerve stimulation in 60 anesthetized cats were studied. Results show that urethral resistance is composed of smooth and skeletal muscular components, which relax with pelvic nerve stimulation. Reciprocal inhibition of the detrusor-external sphincter is a spinal-mediated reflex that can be elicited by pelvic or pudendal nerve stimulation. Urethral smooth muscular pressure loss with pelvic nerve stimulation can be blocked with propranolol, suggesting that beta-receptors are involved in this response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036332"}
{"pmid": "1036333", "title": "The effect of leucocytes on the maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro.", "content": "The effect of leucocytes on the maturation of mouse oocytes in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036333"}
{"pmid": "1036335", "title": "Chorionepithelioma of choroid.", "content": "Chorionepithelioma of choroid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036335"}
{"pmid": "1036336", "title": "Lead-inducing hyperactivity. Chronic exposure during the neonatal period in the rat.", "content": "Lead-inducing hyperactivity. Chronic exposure during the neonatal period in the rat. The effects of chronic exposure to low levels of lead via maternal milk during the neonatal period in the rat were evaluated by means of several activity measures, spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze, and weight data. Animals reared at the highest concentrations of lead showed retarded body growth. Lead-treated rats were found to be more active in the Y-maze and in the tilt-box, but not in the running wheel. Lead-treated rats showed lowered spontaneous alternation and increased squealing; results were dependent upon the concentration of lead on which the animals were reared. Activity and alternation data provide suggestive evidence of lead-induced damage of the hippocampus, a structure which undergoes much of its development during the stage in which the lead was administered. Behavioral parallels found between lead poisoning and childhood hyperactivity were discussed with respect to the utility of chronic low level lead administration as an animal model of minimal brain dysfunction hyperactivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036336"}
{"pmid": "1036338", "title": "The migration of melanoblasts in the extra-epidermal structures of the Silver Campine fowl.", "content": "The migration of melanoblasts in the extra-epidermal structures of the Silver Campine fowl. The sequence of time and tracking of melanoblast migration has been worked out for Silver Campine fowl. The routes of entry and modes of dispersal of melanoblasts into different tissues have been described. The time and condition of pigment cell differentiation in extra-epidermal tissues is fully accounted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036338"}
{"pmid": "1036337", "title": "Some behavioral effects of prethcamide compared with those of its two components.", "content": "Some behavioral effects of prethcamide compared with those of its two components. The effects of the two components of prethcamide (namely crotetamide and cropropamide) upon various behaviors in rats were compared with those of prethcamide itself to see if both were active or not and the kind of joint action shown when they were given in combination. Both crotetamide and cropropamide increase the motor activity of rats, reduce the rate of lever pressing in FR and VI food-reinforced schedules and increase the latency times in a multiple CRF-discrimination schedule. When given in combination the drugs show additive effects upon locomotor activity and FR or VI behaviors but they potentiate each other as regards the effects upon latency times in the multiple schedule. On the other hand, a clear antagonism between the two drugs has been found in the acute toxicity test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036337"}
{"pmid": "1036339", "title": "Post ovulatory follicles of the domestic duck.", "content": "Post ovulatory follicles of the domestic duck. Histogenesis of the post-ovulatory follicles in relation to the regression process has been studied in the Indian domestic duck. The activities of the alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, sudan black-B and periodic acid Schiff reaction have been demonstrated histochemically. No lutein cells comparable to the mammalian corpus luteum are found. The hypertrophy or proliferation of granulosa cells are not observed in this bird. The functional significance of different histochemically demonstrable material and steroidogenesis in the avian post-ovulatory follicles have been briefly discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036339"}
{"pmid": "1036341", "title": "Bovine vesiculitis and epididymitis due to feed contamination by Candida guilliermondii.", "content": "Bovine vesiculitis and epididymitis due to feed contamination by Candida guilliermondii.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036341"}
{"pmid": "1036343", "title": "Fungal flora of conjunctival sac in health and disease.", "content": "Fungal flora of conjunctival sac in health and disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036343"}
{"pmid": "1036340", "title": "Neuroendocrine control of vitellogenesis in the dragonfly, Orthetrum chrysis (Selys) (Odonata: Libellulidae).", "content": "Neuroendocrine control of vitellogenesis in the dragonfly, Orthetrum chrysis (Selys) (Odonata: Libellulidae). 1. Histological correlative studies on the cerebral neurosecretory cells, the corpora allata and the oocyte development strongly suggest the involvement of cerebral NSM mostly produced by the A cells of pars intercerebralis and the CA hormone in the vitellogenesis. 2. Biochemical studies reveal the incorporation of haemolymph proteins and lipids in the yolk during vitellogenesis. 3. Exogenous administration of the extract of the brain-CC and FME demonstrates, to some extent, the stimulation of protein synthesis during vitellogenesis in the haemolymph by the cerebral NSM and the CA hormone, while the lipid metabolism lies, mostly, under the control of juvenile hormone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036340"}
{"pmid": "1036344", "title": "Zinc and vitamin A: serum concentrations of zinc and retinol-binding protein (RBP) in healthy adolescents.", "content": "Zinc and vitamin A: serum concentrations of zinc and retinol-binding protein (RBP) in healthy adolescents. The concentrations of serum zinc and retinol-binding protein (RBP) have been studied with special reference to pubertal development in 132 healthy adolescents and young adults (11-26 years of age). The RBP level remained low during the first three of the five stages of puberty (mean, about 30 mg/l). When puberty degree 4 had been reached, the mean RBP level increased to nearly adult values (about 40 mg/l), the boys having somewhat higher levels than the girls. Use of oral contraceptives significantly increased the RBP level. The mean zinc values were rather constant throughout puberty, but boys 13-14 years of age had significantly depressed values. There was a statistically significant correlation between the serum levels of zinc and RBP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036344"}
{"pmid": "1036345", "title": "Persistent chemicals in birds and herbs in Korea.", "content": "Persistent chemicals in birds and herbs in Korea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036345"}
{"pmid": "1036348", "title": "Analysis of twin data and estimation of heritability effects.", "content": "Analysis of twin data and estimation of heritability effects. In a statistical sense, the objective of twin research is to partition the variance on some criterion measure among genetic and environmental factors. Although certain elaborate models have been developed, these models do not supply a convenient test statistic to show which factors make a significant contribution. Consequently several procedures drawn from analysis of variance have been adapted for use with twin data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036348"}
{"pmid": "1036349", "title": "Genetic studies of the offspring of identical twins: a model for the analysis of quantitative inheritance in man.", "content": "Genetic studies of the offspring of identical twins: a model for the analysis of quantitative inheritance in man. In conjunction with full-sib and parental observations, half-sib analysis permits an estimation of the genetic and environmental variance as well as a partitioning of the genetic variance into its additive, dominance and epistatic components. The offspring of identical twins are a unique class of human half-sibs who provide an unusual opportunity to resolve and measure several additional potentially important sources of human variation including maternal effects, the influences of common environmental factors and assortative mating. The genetic model thus developed for the analysis of quantitative inheritance in man has been applied to the analysis of total ridge count and birth weight, confirming the existence of a major additive genetic effect on ridge count and a significant maternal effect on birth weight.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036349"}
{"pmid": "1036353", "title": "Genetic variance in blood pressure.", "content": "Genetic variance in blood pressure. The National Heart and Lung Institute Twin Study has examined 514 white adult male twin sets aged 42-56 with respect to blood pressure. The data were analyzed by a method of Christian et al. which eliminates possible biases in estimated genetic variances that could result from different total variances in MZ and DZ twins. Results of the test for the presence of genetic variance indicate that both systolic and diastolic blood pressure are to a considerable extent genetically controlled with an estimated heritability of 0.8 for systolic and 0.6 for diastolic pressure. Although these findings are at variance with some previous reports, it is thought that much of the discrepancy results from application of different analytic techniques, not in the data themselves. The application of these findings to our understanding of hypertension epidemiology and community hypertension control programs are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036353"}
{"pmid": "1036350", "title": "\"Equivocalness\" and other empirical methods in zygosity assessment.", "content": "\"Equivocalness\" and other empirical methods in zygosity assessment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036350"}
{"pmid": "1036352", "title": "A monozygotic cotwin control study of a treatment for myopia.", "content": "A monozygotic cotwin control study of a treatment for myopia. Myopia is the world's most common cause of defective vision. The role of controlled accommodation on the progress of myopia is unsettled. This cotwin control study is designed to provide a careful appraisal of the effectiveness of a clinically acceptable method of controlling accommodation. There are no previous reports of similar prospective studies among MZ twins. Expansion of such studies would be aided by collaboration among interested investigators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036352"}
{"pmid": "1036351", "title": "The National Heart and Lung Institute twin study of cardiovascular disease risk factors: organization and methodology.", "content": "The National Heart and Lung Institute twin study of cardiovascular disease risk factors: organization and methodology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036351"}
{"pmid": "1036355", "title": "Plasma protein variability in MZ twins.", "content": "Plasma protein variability in MZ twins. A previous study had shown that only MZ twins are easily exchanged by trained police dogs. This is certainly due to the superimposability of the biochemical basis of body scent. A different approach has now been tried, based on plasma protein fractionating procedures. A pilot study has shown that PolyAcrilamide Gel Electrophoresis (PAGE) results, as expected, in widely different patterns only in DZ twin pairs. Plasma specimens from a sample of 55 supposedly MZ twin pairs were analysed by PAGE. The substantial superimposability of MZ cotwin patterns was confirmed. Analysis of the different fractions indicates the extent of environmental variability. Application to zygosity determination is suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036355"}
{"pmid": "1036354", "title": "Genetics of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides: a study of adult male twins.", "content": "Genetics of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides: a study of adult male twins. Fasting plasma triglycerides and cholesterol, as well as cholesterol in very low density, low density and high density lipoproteins, were measured in 250 MZ and 264 DZ adult male twin pairs. A new method was used to choose an estimate of genetic variance. This includes an estimate of genetic variance for use when the total variances of MZ and DZ twins are unequal. DZ twins had greater total variance for cholesterol. When genetic variance was estimated by subtracting the within-MZ-sets mean square from the within-DZ-sets mean square, all of the lipids had significant estimates of genetic variance; however, when genetic variance was estimated by a method designed to correct bias due to unequal total variances of MZ and DZ twins, only triglycerides had significant genetic variance. The heritability of plasma triglycerides was calculated to be 0.68.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036354"}
{"pmid": "1036357", "title": "Dermatoglyphic investigations in twins and siblings.", "content": "Dermatoglyphic investigations in twins and siblings. The present report describes the preliminary results of an extensive dermatoglyphic investigation among 491 pairs of MZ and DZ twins, and sibs of both sexes. Paired homolateral comparisons were performed for the determination of the degree of discordance for each dermatoglyphic trait and the results were presented in a series of histograms. Some of the outstanding points brought forth by this study are: (1) different dermatoglyphic traits at different digits or palmar areas have different degrees of discordance; (2) in MZ twins the frequency of discordance for each trait is constant regardless of sex or laterality, whereas in DZ twins and sibs both sex and lateral differences are observed; (3) the higher number of significant differences in concordance between the MZ twins vs. sibs than between MZ vs. DZ twins suggests that, at least in the female, the dermatoglyphics may be affected by changing intrauterine environments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036357"}
{"pmid": "1036356", "title": "Genetic basis of individual differences in tissue composition.", "content": "Genetic basis of individual differences in tissue composition. A total of 19 pairs of twin adolescent boys, 14 MZ and 5 DZ, were used to determine the relative contribution of the genotype to the individual differences observed in surface density of muscle, subcutaneous fat, and bone. The cross-sectional areas of these tissue components were calculated from photographs of the upper arm, taken by means of an ultrasonic apparatus. The respective mean percentage intrapair difference in MZ and DZ twins was 6.9 and 9.8 for total area, 6.6 and 7.8 for muscle, 13.9 and 32.0 for fat, and 6.7 and 31.3 for bone tissue. Interindividual variations in bone only could be ascribed to genetic differences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036356"}
{"pmid": "1036358", "title": "Normal and aberrant palmar creases in twins and siblings.", "content": "Normal and aberrant palmar creases in twins and siblings. The present study involving MZ and DZ twin pairs, as well as paired normal sibs, was undertaken to investigate further the genetic involvement in the formation of normal palmar crease patterns, as well as simian and Sydney patterns. Two variations of normal creases were investigated: the thenar type R and the distal type I. Both types cluster in families. The R is more frequent in the females. For both types, MZ twins are more concordant than DZ twins or sibs. Sib studies suggest strong genetic involvement in the development of both the R and I crease types. Parents with simian and/or Sydney creases have more children with these traits than offspring of parents without these traits; however, concordance rate comparisons of MZ or DZ twins and sibs do not suggest strong genetic involvement as in the case of the R and I crease types.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036358"}
{"pmid": "1036359", "title": "Genetic penetrance from MZ twins of absent C-triradius, a palmar dermatoglyphic trait.", "content": "Genetic penetrance from MZ twins of absent C-triradius, a palmar dermatoglyphic trait. Among 59 sets of MZ male twins and 48 sets of MZ female twins from Italy, 7 male sets (11.9%) and 7 female sets (14.6%) had absent c-triradius on one or more palms; among 214 individuals who had a MZ twin, 19(8.9%) had absent c-triradius in one or both palms. Due to small numbers these percentages are comparable to the occurrence of absent c-triradius found in 8.2% of 3946 Caucasians. When one member of a set of MZ twins showed the trait in one or both palms, 35.7% (5/14) of the other members also showed the trait in one or both palms. When an individual showed the trait in one palm, 26.3% (5/19) of the other palms also showed the trait. These two estimates of penetrance combined give an average value of 30.3% (10/33) which is comparable to an estimate of 30% found in a study of 478 family units in which transmission was compatible with an autosomal dominant gene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036359"}
{"pmid": "1036361", "title": "Twin studies and behavior genetics.", "content": "Twin studies and behavior genetics. It is observed that neither the methodology of twin studies nor that of behavior genetics in general has been adequately explored in most investigations of human behavior. General distrust of genetic methodologies as well as the belief that genic disorders are unalterable appear to be salient factors in explaining the neglect of those areas by social scientists. A plea is made for putting aside biased attitudes that prevent utilization of the best available techniques for the study of human beings as distinguished from all other animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036361"}
{"pmid": "1036360", "title": "Heritability study on size of the physiologic cup of the optic nerve head: a summary report.", "content": "Heritability study on size of the physiologic cup of the optic nerve head: a summary report. Cupping of the optic nerve head is regarded as one of a triad of diagnostic signs associated with glaucoma. This study was undertaken to assess the role of genetic factors in determining size of the physiologic cup of the normal optic nerve head, as measured by a horizontal cup/disc ratio. This is important to our ultimate understanding of the determinants of pathologic change. Horizontal cup/disc ratio was estimated in a sample of 37 MZ and 26 like-sex DZ twin pairs aged 15 years and older. Differences between MZ and DZ samples with respect to intrapair variance and intraclass correlation coefficient were highly significant. This finding of high heritability for measurements of cup diameter is in contrast to low heritability estimates found in a companion investigation on heritability of the effect of corticosteroids on intraocular pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036360"}
{"pmid": "1036362", "title": "Biology of human intelligence.", "content": "Biology of human intelligence. The article presents a brief review of the genetic aspects of intelligence as measured by IQ tests. The results from family and twin investigations seem to agree in as much as high heritabilities for IQ can be calculated. There are, however, a large number of insecurities and sources of error which invite to criticism. Although, at present, it is justified to assume that genetic factors contribute substantially to variations in IQs, it would be premature to claim that genetic and other causes of variation could be expressed in precise figures. It seems doubtful if this situation could be further improved by continued use of IQs in genetic investigations. It should be more profitable to use other entities, such as well-defined special abilities, which could be designed directly for genetic analyses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036362"}
{"pmid": "1036363", "title": "Nature-nurture and intelligence: the twin and adoption studies agree.", "content": "Nature-nurture and intelligence: the twin and adoption studies agree. A large-scale adoption study is underway at the University of Texas where IQ test scores are available for over 1200 women who gave up their children for adoption immediately following delivery. The adopted children and their adoptive families are now being located and tested and, if current trends continue, complete data should eventually be available on over 400 families. About half of these families will contain two or more adopted children or both adopted and natural children. At present, data are available for 89 families. The results are consistent with twin data and support a genetic hypothesis. The biological mother-adopted child correlation is 0.37 whereas the adoptive mother-adopted child and adoptive father-adopted child correlations are only 0.22 and 0.04 respectively. There are 59 pairs of unrelated children reared together in this sample and the IQ correlation for these children is only 0.13.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036363"}
{"pmid": "1036364", "title": "Psychological follow-up study of twins from birth to five years.", "content": "Psychological follow-up study of twins from birth to five years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036364"}
{"pmid": "1036365", "title": "Twin resemblances in creativity and in esthetic and emotional expression.", "content": "Twin resemblances in creativity and in esthetic and emotional expression. Three sources of observation relevant to the measurement of individual differences in emotional and esthetic expressiveness were employed to study their heritability by application to a sample of some 60 pairs of young adult like-sexed twins, approximately evenly divided between male and female and MZ and DZ pairs. The sources of observation were objective test performances, trait ascription using a standard list of adjectives, and videotaped enactments of mood and esthetic performances. Perceptual and esthetic abilities do appear to have substantial heritability, although esthetic preferences do not. Heritability is also indicated for such adjectives as artistic, inventive, original, and independent. Ratings of the videotape performances yielded somewhat ambiguous results, due to the presence of a marked halo effect; the most likely interpretation congruent with earlier results is that greater MZ twin resemblances in social extroversion generated greater resemblances in the videotape situation on such other trait-rating variables as creativity, naturalness, and dominance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036365"}
{"pmid": "1036368", "title": "Characteristics of the twins of schizophrenics as fallible indicators of schizoidia.", "content": "Characteristics of the twins of schizophrenics as fallible indicators of schizoidia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036368"}
{"pmid": "1036366", "title": "The role of genetic factors in the child drawing behavior: a preliminary twin study.", "content": "The role of genetic factors in the child drawing behavior: a preliminary twin study. A sample of 27 MZ and 32 DZ twin pairs, aged 6 to 12 years, has been tested with the Draw A Family Test. Significantly higher concordance values in MZ than DZ twins have been found with respect to some graphic-structural factors (i.e.: line, hand pressure, area of the drawing, dimensions of the figures, distribution, and shading) as well as with respect to contents factors, such as spatial representation and cotwin's valorization. These correlates of personality development would thus appear to undergo significant genetic conditioning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036366"}
{"pmid": "1036367", "title": "Heritability of personality and behavior pattern.", "content": "Heritability of personality and behavior pattern. As part of the National Heart and Lung Institute multicenter study of twins, 190 twin pairs (93 MZ, 97 DZ) residing in California and aged 44-55 years were comprehensively studied for all risk factors for coronary heart disease and for Behavior Pattern Type A or B. Psychological tests included MMPI, CPI, 16 Cattell PF, Gough Adjective Check List (ACL), Thurstone Temperament Schedule (TTS). Heritability at statistically significant levels was found only for scales of TTS. Twelve scales of ACL and five scales of TTS showed significant correlations with Behavior Pattern Type A-B as well as with several risk factors, including blood pressure and serum lipids. Multiple regression equations were constructed for those characteristics accounting for significant and unique portions of the total variance of Type A-B Behavior. The use of certain scales of ACL and TTS may provide a new questionnaire for screening purposes in the assessment of Behavior Pattern Type A-B.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036367"}
{"pmid": "1036370", "title": "Embryonic determination of brain programming asymmetry: a neglected element in twin-study genetics of human mental development.", "content": "Embryonic determination of brain programming asymmetry: a neglected element in twin-study genetics of human mental development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036370"}
{"pmid": "1036369", "title": "Heredity and environmental factors in the development of psychogenic diseases.", "content": "Heredity and environmental factors in the development of psychogenic diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036369"}
{"pmid": "1036371", "title": "Is Weinberg's method valid?", "content": "Is Weinberg's method valid? Suppose that L like-sexed and U unlike-sexed twins have been observed. Weinberg's method estimates the numbers of DZ and MZ twins as DZ = 2U and MZ = L--U. This method is based on the assumptions that (1) the sex ratio in DZ twins is 1/2 and (2) the sexes of DZ twins are determined independently and with the same probability in all parents; in consequence there should, on average, be equal numbers of like-sexed and unlike-sexed DZ twins. The first assumption is not exactly true, but the necessary correction is negligible. Departures from the second assumption would probably lead to an excess of like-sexed over unlike-sexed DZ twins; in consequence, Weinberg's method would underestimate the numbers of DZ twins and overestimate the numbers of MZ twins. The literature on the frequencies of like-sexed and unlike-sexed pairs among twins known to be DZ through other genetic markers is reviewed. It is concluded that there is no evidence of an excess of like-sexed twins among them, and that there is therefore no reason to doubt the validity of Weinberg's method. The extension of Weinberg's method to estimate the zygosity types of triplets and quadruplets is described; it is shown that the resulting estimates agree well with the results of direct zygosity determination by blood grouping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036371"}
{"pmid": "1036373", "title": "Wolf's syndrome in twins -- translocation in the mother.", "content": "Wolf's syndrome in twins -- translocation in the mother. A case of MZ twins, both affected by Wolf's syndrome, is described. Their mother, of subnormal look and low intellectual level is translocated. The children, born with a weight and size much below the average, show a very special morphotype; a hook-nose, an an abnormal conformation of the back edge of the nostrils (a protrusion in the shape of a horn overhanging the filtrum), hypertelorism, microcephaly. Great asynchronism in the maturation of the bones and a somatoschisis of the body of the cervical vertebrae are noted. Deletion of the short arm chromosome 4 is juxtacentromeric. The study of blood and tissue groups corroborates monozygosity. Dermatoglyphs are little abnormal and identical in the two children. The mother's family is phenotypically normal. At 19 months of age, measuring is still below 4, psychomotor progress is extremely weak, and convulsions are frequent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036373"}
{"pmid": "1036374", "title": "Ischemic heart disease in death-discordant twins: a study on 205 male and female pairs with special reference to hereditary factors.", "content": "Ischemic heart disease in death-discordant twins: a study on 205 male and female pairs with special reference to hereditary factors. From January 1971 to March 1973 all twin pairs in the Swedish Twin Registry below the age of 70, who became death-discordant, were continuously recorded. A total of 205 (78%) of the surviving cotwins were examined with respect to different manifestation of ischemic heart diseases (IHD) and several \"environmental\" and \"biometric\" risk factors. Among the death-discordant pairs, the cause of death was IHD in 57 pairs and other than IHD in 148 pairs. Analyses revealed that the prevalence rate of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pathologic Q-wave, and ST depressions in connection with exercise, were significantly higher among the surviving cotwins whose partners had died from IHD than those whose partners had died from other causes. The same trends were seen for most of the risk factors measured both singly and in combination, although not very pronounced. The results indicate a substantial genetic influence in the development of IHD. The genetic influence is possibly transmitted not only through some of the risk factors measured, but also through other factors, still unknown.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036374"}
{"pmid": "1036375", "title": "Coronary heart disease in male twins: seven-year follow-up of discordant pairs.", "content": "Coronary heart disease in male twins: seven-year follow-up of discordant pairs. In an investigation in 1967 of about 100 male twin pairs collected from the Swedish Twin Register, discordance with respect to the presence of CHD was found in 37 pairs of which 19 were MZ. The investigation included physical examination, cholesterol measurements, and an interview regarding, among other things, smoking habits. In a follow-up study in 1974 -- seven years after the original investigation -- all but one of the 37 twins regarded in 1967 as free from overt CHD could be traced. Ten of the 36 twins had developed symptoms of overt CHD (angina pectoris or infarction); 18 twins were still healthy, 2 had died from other causes, and 6 had questionable complaints of breast pains. In a comparison of the two groups of twins with and without symptoms of overt CHD, no differences were found with respect to blood pressure, serum cholesterol, or smoking habits, as presented at the 1967 investigation. It is concluded that none of these factors seemed to influence the future development of CHD in twins apparently tainted with a heredity for this disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036375"}
{"pmid": "1036377", "title": "A genetic study on deaf twins.", "content": "A genetic study on deaf twins. A clinical and genetic study on 25 twin pairs with at least one deaf member was performed. Concordance rate of hearing loss was 0.88 in MZ and 0.50 in DZ pairs, with an almost complete penetrance (P = 0.94). Consanguinity was found in 32% of cases, corresponding to five times the average population rate in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036377"}
{"pmid": "1036376", "title": "Metabolic research in monozygotic twins with diabetes mellitus: progress report.", "content": "Metabolic research in monozygotic twins with diabetes mellitus: progress report. An intravenous and oral glucose tolerance test and an intravenous tolbutamide test have been performed in 11 MZ twin pairs, discordant for diabetes mellitus. Blood sugar, immunoreactive insulin, and free fatty acids were determined. The research aimed at finding out whether prediabetic subjects may show any characteristic parameter which could be suggestive of the hereditary disposition. Three MZ twins of juvenile diabetics showed a normal blood glucose, immunoreactive insulin, and free fatty acids during the glucose and tolbutamide loads within a maximum of 10 years observation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036376"}
{"pmid": "1036378", "title": "Genetic factors in myopia.", "content": "Genetic factors in myopia. A school population has been screened to locate same-sexed twins with myopia and also to compare intelligence test performance of myopic and nonmyopic individuals. Augmentation of the twin data by a survey of the world literature has led to the identification of a total of 106 MZ twin pairs, 100 of them concordant for myopia, as well as 41 DZ pairs, 12 concordant. Myopic students score eight points higher on IQ tests than nonmyopes, the entire bell shaped distribution curve being shifted to a higher range. The intellectual gain precedes in time the development of nearsightedness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036378"}
{"pmid": "1036380", "title": "Congenital malformations in twins.", "content": "Congenital malformations in twins. Among 1195 twins born in the Collaborative Perinatal Project, for whom information was available, 219 (18.33%) were found to have malformations, 179 (14.98%) single and 40 (3.35%) multiple. The frequency of malformations among twins was significantly higher than that among singletons from the same population, but the difference was entirely contributed by MZ twins. This holds true for both major and minor malformations. The frequency among Negro twins was higher than among white, and among male twins higher than among female. Twins had more malformations of the central nervous, musculoskeletal, ear, respiratory, cardiovascular, and alimentary systems and fewer malformations of the genitourinary and integumentary systems than singletons. In a significant number of cases when one twin of a pair had a malformation, the cotwin also had a malformation though not necessarily the same as that of the first twin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036380"}
{"pmid": "1036381", "title": "The twin condition and the couple effects on personality development.", "content": "The twin condition and the couple effects on personality development. Twin psychology has been studied to a very limited extent. Only few remarkable peculiarities of the twins' development are known for sure, such as delayed intellectual development, language retardation with frequent cryptophasia, difficulties and fragility of self consciousness, reduced sociability. These and other peculiarities may result from a number of different factors: biological, peculiar parental attitude, and especially the twin situation itself, the psychology of the twin as an individual being a function of the psychology of the twin pair. Twin peculiarities have for a long time been ignored. On the one hand, psychology ignored the couple reality (it was a \"one-body\" psychology), and on the other, the twin method classically postulated that twins are not atypical and may therefore be used as a test for the general population. As a matter of fact, twin psychology opens a new way to science. The twin situation may serve as a paradigm for the general study of the couple effect, namely, for the objective analysis of personality as a consequence of the relations between self and others. For certain traits of personality, it is already known that MZ twins brought-up together are significantly less similar than MZ twins brought-up apart. In fact, couple effects may mask or considerably reduce genetic factors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036381"}
{"pmid": "1036382", "title": "The process of identity in twins.", "content": "The process of identity in twins. The Blacky Picture Test was administered to a sample of 12 pairs of male MZ twins, aged 17 to 19 years, and to an equal number of singletons. A score for 30 factors was assigned to each protocol. By comparing the scores of the two groups using the Mann-Whitney U test, only one significant difference emerged, relative to the factor concerned with positive identification and fraternal relationship. Twins chose the sibling figure as the identification object significantly less often than singletons did. A more qualitative elaboration was undertaken in order to interpret this result. From the final data, the precariousness of the sense of identity in the twins comes out indirectly in their passive and conformistic acceptance of the paternal model. It would seem that the twin is induced by his relationship with his cotwin, seen as the origin of this uncertainty as to his own identity, to adhere closely to the paternal image.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036382"}
{"pmid": "1036383", "title": "Language development in young twins: biological, genetic and social aspects.", "content": "Language development in young twins: biological, genetic and social aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036383"}
{"pmid": "1036384", "title": "Twinning frequencies in Baden-Wurttemberg according to maternal age and parity from 1955 to 1972.", "content": "Twinning frequencies in Baden-Wurttemberg according to maternal age and parity from 1955 to 1972. The decline of the twinning rate in Germany since 1900 is exclusively due to a fall of the DZ rate. The analysis of the birth data in Baden-Württemberg from 1955 to 1972 shows that the decline of the DZ twinning rate can be explained only to a small extent by the shift of the maternal age-parity distribution towards younger mothers and lower parities. It appears reasonable that the greater part of this decline is caused by the lessening prevalence of the more fecundable, DZ twin-prone women due to the growing influence of family planning. Furthermore, it is imaginable that the probability for multiple ovulation is decreased after cessation of hormonal contraception.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036384"}
{"pmid": "1036388", "title": "Psychopathologic problems in twins during childhood.", "content": "Psychopathologic problems in twins during childhood. Some psychopathologic problems occurring during childhood in twins are discussed from the point of view of mental health. On the basis of case history of twins affected by neurologic or psychiatric disorders some typical situations have been examined: (1) psychopathologic problems arising from perinatal death of the cotwin; (2) psychopathologic problems arising from the death of the cotwin during late childhood; (3) psychopathologic problems arising in the pair from organic or neuropsychaitric event in one of the twins; (4) psychopathologic problems of the twins due to disorders of personal identity and the interaction between the twins. The cases are analyzed from a psychodynamic point of view, in relation to the development of personality in the twins, and from a psychosocial point of view, in relation to the cultural stereotype of the twins during the socialization process and in the context of parental dynamics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036388"}
{"pmid": "1036387", "title": "Intellectual development of twins -- comparison with singletons.", "content": "Intellectual development of twins -- comparison with singletons. Analysis of mental and motor tests scores and intelligence test performance of twins born in the Collaborative Perinatal Project shows that twins perform more poorly than singletons from the same population and that the differences are greater in Negroes than in whites. The poor performance of twins relative to that of singletons is of complex etiology. It is partly due to poor prenatal environment, for twins brought up as singletons perform at the intelligence level of twins and not of singletons. It may also be partly due to the higher incidence of congenital malformations in twins, especially those of the central nervous system. But the performance of twins, relative to that of singletons, tends to improve as they get older, at least from 4 to 7 years, suggesting that prematurity is also a contributing factor, whose detrimental effects may be reversible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036387"}
{"pmid": "1036385", "title": "Specific language disorders in twins during childhood.", "content": "Specific language disorders in twins during childhood. The delay in the development of the language often found in twins is usually interpreted as being strictly connected with the twinning situation and on the assumption that a model of verbal, tendentially cryptophasic, communication would more easily exist between twins. Two types of language pathology in twins, diverging from this classic framework, are presented: (1) Developmental dyslalia (or developmental dysarthria); in these cases no abnormality could be found in the modality of verbal communication between the cotwin; (2) developmental dysphasia; in these cases not only no tendency toward cryptophasia was observed, but indeed the verbal communication between the twins was markedly reduced. These two types of language disorders, as well as the classic one, are discussed in the light of a neurolinguistic interpretation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036385"}
{"pmid": "1036386", "title": "Stuttering and tics in twins.", "content": "Stuttering and tics in twins. A total of 63 twin pairs (22 MZ and 41 DZ), with one or both members affected by not organic stuttering and/or tics, have been drawn out of the Mendel Institute's twin file. Concordance of stuttering was observed in 10:12 MZ, but only in 2:19 DZ twin pairs; concordance of tics in 6:10 MZ and in 2:22 DZ twin pairs. Stuttering did not come out significantly associated either with other disturbances of language or with an IQ under the average; almost always it was possible to find out a precipitating factor. Significant relations between stuttering and tics could not be stated. Sex ratio, obtained regarding any affected subject separately, clearly turned in favour of males both in stuttering (32:12) and in tics (27:12). Stutterers and left-handers incidence in the families of stuttering subjects appeared significant in comparison with families of subjects with tics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036386"}
{"pmid": "1036390", "title": "The threefold cord of Mothers of Twins Clubs.", "content": "The threefold cord of Mothers of Twins Clubs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036390"}
{"pmid": "1036391", "title": "A dream come true: the Illinois Organization of Mothers of Twins Clubs.", "content": "A dream come true: the Illinois Organization of Mothers of Twins Clubs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036391"}
{"pmid": "1036394", "title": "The problem of genotype-environment correlation in the estimation of heritability from monozygotic and dizygotic twins.", "content": "The problem of genotype-environment correlation in the estimation of heritability from monozygotic and dizygotic twins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036394"}
{"pmid": "1036393", "title": "Scope and methodology of twin studies.", "content": "Scope and methodology of twin studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036393"}
{"pmid": "1036398", "title": "Fractionation, structure and some properties of yolk granules from unfertilized hen eggs.", "content": "Fractionation, structure and some properties of yolk granules from unfertilized hen eggs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036398"}
{"pmid": "1036399", "title": "Nonhuman primate diploid cells for vaccine production.", "content": "Nonhuman primate diploid cells for vaccine production. A cell line was established from male rhesus embryonic lung tissue in 1968. Tests for adventitious agents at every tenth passage were negative. The cells had diploid characteristics, and supported the growth of polio, rubella, and dengue viruses. Tests for latent RNA tumor viruses and tumorigenic potential were uniformly negative. A small clinical trial with rubella vaccine produced in these cells was conducted, and no major adverse reactions were reported. This cell line appears to meet all criteria of acceptability for a safe vaccine cell substrate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036399"}
{"pmid": "1036401", "title": "Production and control of live oral poliovirus vaccine in WI-38 human diploid cells.", "content": "Production and control of live oral poliovirus vaccine in WI-38 human diploid cells. Production of live poliomyelitis vaccine in human diploid cells WI-38 can be carried out successfully on a continuous basis. Starting at the 8th population doubling level it is possible to produce 128 ampoules, each containing 1 ml of cell suspension at the 16th level. Each of these cell seed ampoules will yield 85 bottles each with a surface area of 1400 sq. cm at the production level (P29) together with 85 Roux bottle cultures which act as controls. A further passage from the control cells yields a sufficient supply of cells for karyology, tumourigenicity and other tests. Virus yields of the Sabin strains are rather lower than those obtained in primary monkey kidney cells, but this is compensated for by the very much lower reject rate. Karyological characterisation is undoubtedly the most demanding of the testing procedures both in time and expertise. Other tests for contamination, other than bacteriological have yielded uniformly negative results. There is urgent need for standardization of the assay systems used in different laboratories and there is perhaps a case for the use of reference vaccine produced in homogeneic cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036401"}
{"pmid": "1036400", "title": "The testing of cell invasiveness in embryonic tissue and in cell culture.", "content": "The testing of cell invasiveness in embryonic tissue and in cell culture. The subcutis of 11-day-old chick embryos, 15- to 18-day-old mouse embryos and the skin muscle tissue of human fetus were stretched on lens paper in a Petri dish and seeded with a piece of LED-Widr or HDC cell sheet. Mem + 10% FCS was added. After three days incubation the material was fixed, sectioned and H-E stained. In the second part of our investigation several cell lines were prepared on cover slips. When confluent, the cultures were inoculated with 1-2 drops of cell suspension of another cell line. Three days after the seeding of cell suspension on the confluent cell sheet the cultures were fixed and stained. It can be seen in the organ cultures that LED-Widr cells closely adhere to the embryonic tissue which in some places they are invading. In tissue culture examination we found that heteroploid cells seeded on a confluent sheet of diploid cells adhered but that a diploid cell seeded on epithelial-like heteroploid cells would not adhere. The testing of invasiveness in embryonic tissue in organ culture showed that it can be a useful model. By seeding suspended cells of fibroblast lines on a confluent sheet of heteroploid cell lines their contact inhibition or their invasive ability can be determined. The seeding of heteroploid cell lines on diploid cell lines can be used as a model for the study of the mechanism of invasion into normal tissue and for the in vitro study of invasion inhibiting properties of certain substances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036400"}
{"pmid": "1036413", "title": "Delay in the appearance of clamp connection in Schizophyllum commune by inhibitors of microtubule protein assembly.", "content": "Delay in the appearance of clamp connection in Schizophyllum commune by inhibitors of microtubule protein assembly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036413"}
{"pmid": "1036402", "title": "Growth characteristics, cytogenetic stability and virus susceptibility of cell lines from New Zealand rabbits.", "content": "Growth characteristics, cytogenetic stability and virus susceptibility of cell lines from New Zealand rabbits. We have initiated and established over 90 cell cultures from tissues of embroynic New Zealand rabbits. These cell lines show a very varied growth pattern when compared to cell lines initiated from human embryonic tissues. The type of medium used to grow the cells influences the chromosome stability of rabbit cells. Cultures initiated from kidney tissue rarely grow more than 10 passages unless the medium is supplemented with lactalbumin hydrolysate. In turn, analyses of metaphase chromosomes from the kidney cultures, revealed they were aneuploid as early as passages 15. Cultures established from skin and lung tissues will remain diploid at least 60 passages when grown on Eagle's Basal Medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. However, rarely do rabbit cell lines go into senescence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036402"}
{"pmid": "1036405", "title": "The use of foetal, calf and adult bovine sera for the growth of serially subcultivated diploid cells.", "content": "The use of foetal, calf and adult bovine sera for the growth of serially subcultivated diploid cells. Medium CMRL-1969 supplemented with either foetal calf, calf or adult bovine sera, or a combination of the various sera, was used to subcultivate diploid cells for the preparation of substrates for vaccine production. Supplementation with calf or adult bovine sera gave satisfactory cell yields for at least 3-4 population doublings. The finite lifespan of the diploid cells grown in media supplemented with foetal calf was always longer than with calf or adult bovine sera. However, a combined supplement of adult serum plus a low concentration of foetal calf serum gave results equally as good as foetal calf serum alone. Sera obtained aseptically from adult animals kept in isolation and monitored constantly for health are more desirable than sera obtained from abattoirs. Selection of donor animals and pooling of certain serum batches were found to be important for the preparation of serum supplements. The final protein concentration of the cell culture medium should not exceed 0.8% when adult bovine sera are used. For the growth of WI-38 or MRC-5 cells the use of foetal calf serum can be reduced or eliminated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036405"}
{"pmid": "1036403", "title": "The development of rabbit diploid cell lines.", "content": "The development of rabbit diploid cell lines. The authors describe briefly studies on the development of diploid cell lines from fetal tissues (origin: four inbred rabbits). Some lines have been maintained in continuous serial culture for over three years. The Lung 16 may represent a qualifying rabbit diploid cell line when used between cell passages 48 and 100; during this period it has shown a minimum deviation from the normal diploid rabbit karyotype; it supports the growth of rubella virus, is non-tumorigenic and might be useful as a substrate for human vaccine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036403"}
{"pmid": "1036404", "title": "Development of a diploid cell line from fetal calf lung for virus vaccine production.", "content": "Development of a diploid cell line from fetal calf lung for virus vaccine production. Details of isolation and replication of a fetal calf diploid cell (FCDC) is given. From the karyological point of view, the fairly large number of chromosomes existing in metaphase spreads made counting rather tedious. Lack of practical classification was another problem which made reference to individual chromosomes difficult. By increasing the population doubling of this cell, a tendency of telocentric chromosomes to undergo centric fusion was observed. Susceptibility of FCDC to different viruses is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036404"}
{"pmid": "1036421", "title": "The infertile couple: evaluation and treatment.", "content": "The infertile couple: evaluation and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036421"}
{"pmid": "1036414", "title": "Angioblastoma of the posterior fossa in childhood.", "content": "Angioblastoma of the posterior fossa in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036414"}
{"pmid": "1036406", "title": "Methods for reducing the serum requirement for growth in vitro of nontransformed diploid fibroblasts.", "content": "Methods for reducing the serum requirement for growth in vitro of nontransformed diploid fibroblasts. The amount of serum protein required for clonal growth of normal diploid human and chicken fibroblasts has been reduced more than 90% by development of improved synthetic media and culture conditions. The following has contributed significantly to the reduction: (1) replacement of specific serum proteins with defined small molecular nutrients; (2) precise quantitative balance of all defined nutrients for optimal growth of single cells of each type under consideration; (3) modification of the culture substrate; (4) improvement of the cell harvesting technique. By combining these improvements, optimal growth of human fibroblasts (fetal lung, newborn foreskin, amniotic fluid) and chicken embryo fibroblasts occurs in synthetic media supplemented with 500 microgram/ml dialyzed fetal bovine serum protein [equivalent to 1% (v/v) whole serum]. The human fibroblasts form large colonies at a suboptimum rate at 25 microgram/ml dialyzed serum protein [equivalent to 0.05% (v/v) whole serum] and several divisions can be obtained in the complete absence of serum protein. Human and chicken fibroblasts differ both in their quantitative requirements for defined nutrients, and in the type and number of incompletely characterized serum components that they continue to require under the improved growth conditions. The improved systems provide a sensitive assay for the remaining undefined growth-promoting components of serum and other biological extracts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036406"}
{"pmid": "1036415", "title": "Tissue specificity of myocardial glycopeptides synthesized during early embryonic development.", "content": "Tissue specificity of myocardial glycopeptides synthesized during early embryonic development. [3H] Glucosamine-labeled glycopeptides synthesized by hearts from stage 14-16 chick embryos were separated on DE-52 by ion-exchange chromatography and compared to those synthesized in other parts of the embryo at the same stage. Relatively few molecular species were present in all tissues, and they appeared closely homologous. There were no glycopeptides unique to any embryonic region examined, suggesting that tissue specificity may result from quantitative rather than qualitative differences in glycopeptides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036415"}
{"pmid": "1036416", "title": "Effect of graded coronary stenosis on regional myocardial blood flow and left ventricular function.", "content": "Effect of graded coronary stenosis on regional myocardial blood flow and left ventricular function. Dogs with 70% stenosis of the left circumflex coronary artery showed a reduction of myocardial blood flow with a minimal impairment of left ventricular wall motion. Eighty to ninety percent stenosis produced a marked reduction of flow and wall motion, and ST elevation close to 100% occlusion, but delayed antegrade run-off was found. The effectiveness of collaterals to protect against left ventricular dysfunction was supported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036416"}
{"pmid": "1036419", "title": "Electrical properties of cultured heart cells.", "content": "Electrical properties of cultured heart cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036419"}
{"pmid": "1036420", "title": "Molecular mechanisms in genetic transformation.", "content": "Molecular mechanisms in genetic transformation. Molecular mechanisms of recombination of genetic material are most readily studied in microorganisms; a great deal is known about recombination of transforming DNA, introduced into the cell from the medium, with DNA inside bacteria. At present it is doubtful that this type of transformation will be of use in improving crop plants. However, a new technique of making recombinant DNA molecules from two or more highly divergent organisms may turn out to have great practical importance for agriculture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036420"}
{"pmid": "1036417", "title": "Role of acetaldehyde in the pathogenesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.", "content": "Role of acetaldehyde in the pathogenesis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Rats given both ethanol and tolbutamide showed decreased oxidative phosphorylation of the myocardial mitochondria as compared with rats given only ethanol. There were no differences in ethanol consumption and blood ethanol levels between the two groups. The concentration of acetaldehyde tended to be higher in rats given both ethanol and tolbutamide than in rats given ethanol alone. It is concluded that acetaldehyde plays a more important role in the production of alcoholic cardiomyopathy than does ethanol itself.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036417"}
{"pmid": "1036418", "title": "Lowering of blood acetaldehyde levels-a possible approach to prevention of alcoholic cardiomyopathy.", "content": "Lowering of blood acetaldehyde levels-a possible approach to prevention of alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Based on the assumption that circulating acetaldehyde (AcH) is cardiotoxic, D-penicillamine was administered to dogs given alcohol orally, or given AcH intravenously. Paralleling the increase in plamsa norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (E) induced by AcH infusion, hemodynamic measurements showed a positive inotropic response with increase in pulse, blood pressure, left ventricular contractility, and cardiac output. Infusion of D-penicillamine abruptly lowered circulating levels of AcH and catecholamines, which was accompanied by an appropriate hemodynamic response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036418"}
{"pmid": "1036426", "title": "Early corpus luteum formation (corpus haemorrhagicum) in a 3--3/12-year-old \"senile\" mouse.", "content": "Early corpus luteum formation (corpus haemorrhagicum) in a 3--3/12-year-old \"senile\" mouse. In a female mouse sacrificed at the age of 3--3/12 years, corpus heamorrhagicum and arteric corpora lutea were found in the ovaries, apart from smaller follicles. No evidence could be found in the literature for their presence at this age. Based on these findings, aspects of basic gerontological research are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036426"}
{"pmid": "1036431", "title": "The serum opacity reaction of Staphylococcus strains: general properties of the Staphylococcus factor (SOF).", "content": "The serum opacity reaction of Staphylococcus strains: general properties of the Staphylococcus factor (SOF).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036431"}
{"pmid": "1036429", "title": "Effect of different doses of x-ray irradiation on Bulinus truncatus snails and eggs.", "content": "Effect of different doses of x-ray irradiation on Bulinus truncatus snails and eggs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036429"}
{"pmid": "1036428", "title": "Avian aldolases. I. Comparative study on the purification, structural and kinetic properties of chicken and pigeon breast muscle fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolases.", "content": "Avian aldolases. I. Comparative study on the purification, structural and kinetic properties of chicken and pigeon breast muscle fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036428"}
{"pmid": "1036427", "title": "Mechanisms of spontaneous and induced heteroploidization and polyploidization.", "content": "Mechanisms of spontaneous and induced heteroploidization and polyploidization. Mechanisms of heteroploidization and polyploidization were studied in tissue cultures, using various methods and cell lines. In untreated populations cells with different chromosome number are formed by mitotic non-disjunction. Mononuclear polyploid cells are formed by repeated DNA synthesis (endoreduplication) and polynuclear giant cells by postmitotic fusion of the daughter cells. These phenomena occur more frequently in cell populations treated with cystostatic drugs. Most polyploid cells are not viable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036427"}
{"pmid": "1036432", "title": "A study of pharmacologically active factor in the human seminal fluid.", "content": "A study of pharmacologically active factor in the human seminal fluid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036432"}
{"pmid": "1036435", "title": "Subcutaneous phycomycosis in India.", "content": "Subcutaneous phycomycosis in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036435"}
{"pmid": "1036436", "title": "Maduromycotic mycetoma from Pondicherry.", "content": "Maduromycotic mycetoma from Pondicherry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036436"}
{"pmid": "1036437", "title": "Intussusception in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.", "content": "Intussusception in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036437"}
{"pmid": "1036438", "title": "Psychophysiologic and psychologic characteristics in twins in reaction to stress situations.", "content": "Psychophysiologic and psychologic characteristics in twins in reaction to stress situations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036438"}
{"pmid": "1036441", "title": "Nutritional factors affecting the biosynthesis of retinol-binding protein in the liver and its release into plasma.", "content": "Nutritional factors affecting the biosynthesis of retinol-binding protein in the liver and its release into plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036441"}
{"pmid": "1036442", "title": "Polymerized micelles and their use as adjuvants in immunology.", "content": "Polymerized micelles and their use as adjuvants in immunology. A polymerization process is described for the preparation of hydrophilic micelles containing solubilized drug molecules in a colloidal aqueous system of dissolved monomers. A hydrocarbon medium constitutes the outer phase. After secondary solubilization with the aid of selected surfactants, polymerization of micelles under different conditions takes place. The formulation of drugs including labile proteins in the ultrafine polymer components (\"nanoparts\") and their isolation are possible without noticeable destruction of the encapsulated molecules. Entrapped tagged material (human 125I-immunoglobulin G) shows a stable fixation in such nanoparts during long-term in vitro liberation trials. Nanoparts are visible with the aid of an electron microscope. They are mostly spherical in shape and smaller than 80 nm in diameter. They form real colloidal aqueous solutions. Nanoparts are suitable to embed antigenic material (tetanus toxoid and human immunoglobulin G) for parenteral use. These preparations show intact biological activity and high antibody production in animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036442"}
{"pmid": "1036443", "title": "Reinvestigation of disulfiram-like biological activity of Coprinus atramentarius (Bull. ex Fr.) Fr. extracts.", "content": "Reinvestigation of disulfiram-like biological activity of Coprinus atramentarius (Bull. ex Fr.) Fr. extracts. A ninhydrin-positive aqueous fraction isolated from Coprinus atramentarius (Bull. ex Fr.) Fr. showed significant disulfiram-like activity in mice. The isolation of the fraction from the mushroom crude extract and a convenient pharmacological test for following the physiological activity in each fraction are described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036443"}
{"pmid": "1036449", "title": "Burkitt's lymphoma of the ovary in association with pregnancy. Two case reports.", "content": "Burkitt's lymphoma of the ovary in association with pregnancy. Two case reports. Burkitt's lymphoma of the ovary, occurring in association with pregnancy, is rare, only one case having been previously reported. Two cases are reported here and the possible effect of pregnancy discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036449"}
{"pmid": "1036450", "title": "Menstruation per urethram. A case report.", "content": "Menstruation per urethram. A case report. The case history is presented of a 24-year-old woman who had a uterus duplex, grossly underdeveloped cervices, absent vagina and who menstruated regularly through a communication between one cervical canal and the urethra.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036450"}
{"pmid": "1036454", "title": "Argon laser photocoagulation treatment for retinal disease.", "content": "Argon laser photocoagulation treatment for retinal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036454"}
{"pmid": "1036455", "title": "Scanning electron microscopic observation of hatching in some diphyllobothriid cestodes.", "content": "Scanning electron microscopic observation of hatching in some diphyllobothriid cestodes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036455"}
{"pmid": "1036444", "title": "D-penicillamine therapy of neonatal jaundice: comparison with phototherapy.", "content": "D-penicillamine therapy of neonatal jaundice: comparison with phototherapy. A total 330 newborns suffering from haemolytic disease of the newborn and hyperbilirubinaemia was treated with D-penicillamine. The therapy resulted in a significant decrease in the frequency of exchange transfusions and of high serum bilirubin levels among preterm and fullterm babies with or without sensitization. Concerning the drug's mechanism of action, reduction of the bilirubin level is achieved by means of the copper stored in the liver. The intravenous route is suggested for application of the drug. In preterm infants D-penicillamine treatment proved more effective than phototherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036444"}
{"pmid": "1036458", "title": "Purification of interferon by adsorption chromatography on controlled pore glass.", "content": "Purification of interferon by adsorption chromatography on controlled pore glass. Human fibroblast and mouse L929 cell interferons can be purified by adsoprtion to and subsequent elution from Controlled Pore Glass. Purification of 40 to 90-fold to specific activities of 1 to 5 times 10(6) units/mg of protein can be achieved in a single step, with good recovery of activity. Human leukocyte interferon does not bind to the glass and cannot be purified in this way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036458"}
{"pmid": "1036459", "title": "A new method for assessment of fetal lung maturity.", "content": "A new method for assessment of fetal lung maturity. A new method for evaluation of fetal lung maturity in utero is described. The method is based on the fluorescence polarization (P) of the lipids in the amniotic fluid after labelling with a special dye. Tests performed with 49 amniotic fluid samples drawn from 33 pregnancies clearly demonstrated a decrease in P during gestation which correlated with the increase in the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio (L/S) in the fluid. During gestation the P value at 24 degrees C decreased steadily from about 0-4 to 0-2 and the value of P (24 degrees C) = 0-310 has been tentatively chosen as the threshold above which respiratory distress syndrome may develop. The described method, which requires a specially designed instrument, offers a series of important advantages over the presently available methods. It is simple, rapid, highly accurate and reproducible, and independent of amniotic fluid volume. The P value reflects the microviscosity in the whole lipid assembly of amniotic fluid and is not confined specifically to lecithin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036459"}
{"pmid": "1036460", "title": "Galactose oxidase: applications of the covalently immobilized enzyme in a packed bed configuration.", "content": "Galactose oxidase: applications of the covalently immobilized enzyme in a packed bed configuration. Galactose oxidase (E.C. 1.1.3.9) was covalently immobilized to chemically modified porous silica particles by reaction of the native enzyme with pendant benzoyl azide groups on the carrier. The enzyme loading on the carrier was 100-150 units per milliliter. The immobilized enzyme was incorporated into a hardware assembly suitable for the determination of galactose or lactose concentrations in complex biological fluids. The prototype instrument as described is suitable for continuous, on-line monitoring or discrete sample analysis. Reaction conditions can be readily provided which maintain global first order kinetics within the reactor and strict linearity of the procedure over a wide range of sample concentrations. Auto-inactivation of the immobilized enzyme can be prevented by K3Fe(CN)6 and long-term reactor stability can be achieved by the periodic application of the reagent to the enzyme reactor in situ.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036460"}
{"pmid": "1036461", "title": "Can hepatitis B be transmitted sexually.", "content": "Can hepatitis B be transmitted sexually.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036461"}
{"pmid": "1036462", "title": "Baghdad--frontier city of medicine.", "content": "Baghdad--frontier city of medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036462"}
{"pmid": "1036445", "title": "Morphine withdrawal reactions in male and female mice.", "content": "Morphine withdrawal reactions in male and female mice. In the present study we have used the morphine implantation method to investigate the intensity of the abstinence syndrome in both male and female Swiss Webster morphine-dependent mice. It is evident from our data that naloxone induced no significant difference in the jumping behavior of both morphine-dependent male and female mice when weight variables were controlled.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036445"}
{"pmid": "1036446", "title": "The dilemmas of coordinating treatment with criminal justice.", "content": "The dilemmas of coordinating treatment with criminal justice. Problems the Abraxas Foundation encountered in accommodating therapeutic community practices to the justice system in order to develop an alternative for courtstipulated drug offenders are reviewed. First, traditional expectations for prospective clients' motivation proved to be unrealistic. Second, courts' needs for information on their clients' progress appeared to conflict with client confidentiality laws. Finally, Abraxas resented what it initially took to be the courts' intrusion into program affairs. In response, Abraxas has sensitized its staff to the courts' role, established a uniform policy on progress reports, promoted communications with external agencies, and emphasized coordination of treatment effort with court officials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036446"}
{"pmid": "1036433", "title": "Effect of L-dopa on pituitary gonadotropic function.", "content": "Effect of L-dopa on pituitary gonadotropic function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036433"}
{"pmid": "1036463", "title": "Prolonged eradication of urogenital mycoplasmas after administration of tetracycline to men in the Antarctic.", "content": "Prolonged eradication of urogenital mycoplasmas after administration of tetracycline to men in the Antarctic. Meatal swabs were obtained at intervals over 1 year from 23 men in the Antarctic. A 5-day course of tetracycline was given to twelve of them. In retrospect it was found that the antibiotic had been received by two men who were harbouring ureaplasmas, one of whom also had M. hominis. After treatment, these organisms  were not found in any of the swabs taken over the next year, except in a swab from one of the men following sexual contact after this time. One of the twelve men developed N.S.U. just before arriving in the Antarctic. He responded clinically to a shorter course of tetracycline and ureplasmas were not recovered from a meatal swab immediately thereafter. However, without further sexual contact, ureaplasmas and disease recurred about a month later. This time, after a 5-day course of tetracycline, disease was not seen, and ureaplasmas were not isolated, over the next year. In contrast, ureaplasmas were isolated consistently over a year from two men who were not given the antibiotic. The evidence strongly suggests that, under natural conditions, the most likely cause of mycoplasmas, particularly ureaplasmas, recurring in the genital tract after apparently adequate tetracycline therapy, is re-infection as a result of sexual re-exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036463"}
{"pmid": "1036440", "title": "Effects of stress upon the oxidative metabolism and its correlation with gastric ulcer formation: the role of sex.", "content": "Effects of stress upon the oxidative metabolism and its correlation with gastric ulcer formation: the role of sex. The metabolic-oxidative activity of different nervous and glandular structures (amygdala, hypothalamus, lateral-frontal cerebral cortex, adrenal glands) in male and female rats under acute stress caused by physical immobilization, was determined. The sexual cycle of the female rat was controlled by examination of their vaginal frotis. One experimental group during estrus and another one during diestrus were selected. At the same time ovariectomy was performed on an experimental group in order to eliminate the hormonal influences of the ovary. Results show there are no significant differerneces in the oxidative metabolism. Nor in the numbers of ulcers. Hypothalamus-hypophyseal-adrenocortical activation was made manifest on obtaining significant differences in the weight of the adrenal glands, a fact long ago reported in a number of studies. Necropsy showed severe gastric hemorrhages and ulcer in the stomach. Nevertheless, no significant differences between the distinc experimental groups were obtained. The likely participation of sexual hormones in female rats is discussed in the light of our results.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036440"}
{"pmid": "1036464", "title": "Shigellosis. Another sexually transmitted disease?", "content": "Shigellosis. Another sexually transmitted disease? Following the clinical observation that there appeared to be an association between shigellosis and male homosexuality, the medical records of 113 patients at The New York Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Of the 38 males studied who were between the ages 19 and 61, seventeen were homosexual (44-7 per cent.). Only one of the matched controls was homosexual. Of the men with shigellosis who had a history of foreign travel, 10 per cent. were homosexual; however, among the patients without a travel history, 57-1 per cent. were homosexual (P less than 0-05). For male patients with shigellosis who do not have an appropriate travel history, the physician should expand his epidemiological investigation to include sexual contacts. Men and women who perform rectal intercourse should be cautioned to abstain from this activity until their stool cultures are negative for shigella. If a male patient with shigellosis is homosexual, he should be screened for other sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhoea, hepatitis B, and amoebiasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036464"}
{"pmid": "1036465", "title": "Successful therapy with methotrexate of a multicentric mixed lymphoma of the central nervous system.", "content": "Successful therapy with methotrexate of a multicentric mixed lymphoma of the central nervous system. Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare. A case of mixed histiocytic lymphocytic lymphoma of the CNS that initially occurred in the spinal cord is reported. Multicentric recurrence following radiotherapy was successfully treated with intrathecal methotrexate and the patient remains free of disease after 4 years. The role of intrathecal methotrexate as alternative therapy following irradiation failure is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036465"}
{"pmid": "1036466", "title": "Methotrexate pneumonitis induced by intrathecal methotrexate therapy: a case report with pharmacokinetic data.", "content": "Methotrexate pneumonitis induced by intrathecal methotrexate therapy: a case report with pharmacokinetic data. A patient with adenocarcinoma of the breast metastatic to the leptomeninges was treated with 10 doses of intrathecal methotrexate (MTX) administered at intervals of 2 days. Following these treatments she developed fever, hypoxemia, and bilateral pulmonary infiltrates without documented pulmonary infection. Autopsy findings were consistent with the pneumonitis that has been associated with intermittent oral, intramuscular, and intravenous MTX therapy. It is suggested that this patient's pulmonary process represented MTX pneumonitis following intrathecal MTX. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum MTX concentrations determined retrospectively on frozen samples reflect an atypically rapid transport of MTX from this patient's cerebrospinal fluid to a slowly decaying systemic pool. Because of this, serum MTX levels probably exceeded 10-8M during the entire 20-day course of therapy, thus exposing the pulmonary parenchyma to significant drug concentrations for a prolonged interval. It is suggested that these unfavorable pharmacokinetics may have contributed to this patient's susceptibility to MTX pneumonitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036466"}
{"pmid": "1036467", "title": "A comparison of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (COP) with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) in the treatment of nodular, poorly differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma.", "content": "A comparison of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (COP) with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) in the treatment of nodular, poorly differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma. This study was designed to test the efficacy and toxicity of COP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone) and MOPP (nitrogen mustard, vincristine, prednisone, and procarbazine) in 13 previously untreated patients with disseminated, nodular, poorly differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma, and to test for patient cross-resistance to the regimens. Complete remission was initially achieved in six of eight patients on COP and three of five on MOPP. Three patients were crossed over to the alternative induction regimen because of progressive disease after an initial partial response; one was crossed over because of toxicity. On crossover, four patients achieved complete remission, two on either regimen. Durations of unmaintained complete remission range from 6-46+ months, with 8/13 still in their first complete remission. Only one patient has died, while in remission, from progressive Kaposi's sarcoma; one was lost to follow-up while in complete remission at 44 months; the others (85%) remain alive 33-54 months from the initiation of chemotherapy. MOPP was significantly more toxic with respect to thrombocytopenia, duration of myelosuppression, and cumulation of toxicity. Because of its more acceptable toxicity, COP is recommended as initial therapy for patients with nodular, poorly differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma. MOPP or another regimen of non-crossresistant combination chemotherapy would be more appropriate for primary treatment failures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036467"}
{"pmid": "1036468", "title": "Phase II evaluation of VP-16-213 (NSC-141540) and cytembena (NSC-104801) in patients with advanced breast cancer.", "content": "Phase II evaluation of VP-16-213 (NSC-141540) and cytembena (NSC-104801) in patients with advanced breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036468"}
{"pmid": "1036470", "title": "Effects of an antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate, on the kidney of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.).", "content": "Effects of an antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate, on the kidney of the three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.). The fine structure of the kidney is studied in the sexually mature male three-spined stickleback after administration of an antiandrogen, cyproterone acetate. Under these conditions, the dedifferentiation of renal tubules is characterized by the same involutive processes as those induced by castration, with the difference that cyproterone acetate only begins to act after 14 days whereas after castration the first signs of involution are visible after 7 days. The ultrastructural modifications affect the nucleoli, the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus. They reflect an inhibition of the secretory process. The results obtained demonstrate that administration of cyproterone acetate to male sticklebacks has an inhibitory effect on renal target cells, apparently indistinguishable from the changes induced by lack of male sex hormone, and that this drug may be a valid substitute for castration in fish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036470"}
{"pmid": "1036481", "title": "A multi-centre general practitioner assessment of butriptyline hydrochloride ('Evadyne').", "content": "A multi-centre general practitioner assessment of butriptyline hydrochloride ('Evadyne'). A multi-centre open study in general practice was carried out to assess the efficacy of and incidence of side-effects with the tricyclic antidepressant, butriptyline. Of a series of 153 patients with non-psychotic depression, with or without anxiety, 105 (69%) were judged as having a good or fair response to treatment with 75 mg to 150 mg butriptyline daily. Side-effects of an anticholinergic nature were seen in 13.7% of patients, but the incidence decreased to less than 4% in the 101 patients receiving treatment for over 7 weeks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036481"}
{"pmid": "1036482", "title": "Circulating immune complexes in Graves' disease.", "content": "Circulating immune complexes in Graves' disease. Circulating immune complexes in Graves' disease sera were detected by the 125I Clq deviation test. High titers of immune complexes were detected and correlated significantly with the microsomal antibody but not with the thyroglobulin antibody titer nor with serum thyroxine levels. Serum fractionation studies in a patient with high titer of immune complexes revealed these to be heterogeneous in size, sedimenting in 19S, intermediate and 7S regions. The data suggest a role for immune complexes in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036482"}
{"pmid": "1036486", "title": "Biosynthesis of enniatin B.", "content": "Biosynthesis of enniatin B.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036486"}
{"pmid": "1036483", "title": "Questions to the supply of young infants with fat and fatty acids. II. Fat content and fatty acid pattern in milk formulae for healthy infants in the first 6 months of life.", "content": "Questions to the supply of young infants with fat and fatty acids. II. Fat content and fatty acid pattern in milk formulae for healthy infants in the first 6 months of life. The fat content and the fatty acid pattern were analyzed in 30 commercially prepared milk formulae for healthy infants in the fisrt 6 months of life. We found an average fat content of 3.4 g or 3.6 g/100 ml in \"partly adapted\" and \"adapted\" milk formulae, between 1.4 g and 3.3 g/100 ml in \"not defined\" milk formulae. We regard a fat content lower than 3.0 g/100 ml and more than 4.0 g/100 ml as not advisable. In most milk formulae the ratio of saturated: unsaturated fatty acids is similar to the ratio in human milk fat. This ratio is obtained from a mixture of cow's milk fat with vegetable oils or by a mixture of various vegetable fats. The difference in the fatty acid pattern between the milk formulae and the fatty acid pattern in mature human milk are demonstrated and discussed. The tolerance of milk formulae for young infants is not influenced in an unfavorable manner by butyic acid. A high portion of lauric acid in mild formulae seems undesirable. The importance of the position of palmitic acid in the triglycerides of milk formulae for infants is discussed, and it is referred to the advantage of a mixture of cow's milk fat with vegetable fats. A linoleic acid content of 3 kcal% in the minimum and 7 kcal% in the maximum in milk formulae for infants is regarded as advisable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036483"}
{"pmid": "1036484", "title": "Changes in erythropoiesis and renal ultrastructure during exposure of mice to hypoxia.", "content": "Changes in erythropoiesis and renal ultrastructure during exposure of mice to hypoxia. During hypoxia, elevated ESF levels occur which are accompanied by increased erythropoietic activity resulting in progressive elevation of the haemoglobin and haematocrit concentration. An attempt has been made to correlate ultrastructural changes in the kidney with changes in serum ESF concentrations and the erythropoietic state of mice exposed to continuous hypoxia for 3 weeks. A series of changes in the epitheloid and proximal tubules cells occurred which may be related to the biogenesis of erythropoietin. However, no detectable ESF or renal erythropoietic factor could be extracted from the kidneys at the time of maximal ultrastructural changes. Although some ESF-inhibitory material was demonstrated, it could not be extracted into lipid solvents. It is suggested that the failure to consistently extract an erythropoietic factor from the kidneys of hypoxic mice may be related to the absence of renal storage at the onset of increased peripheral demand. Other levels and durations of hypoxia may help to elucidate the role of the kidneys in regulating serum ESF levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036484"}
{"pmid": "1036485", "title": "Ox-spleen erythropoietic factor: chromatographic investigations and dosages.", "content": "Ox-spleen erythropoietic factor: chromatographic investigations and dosages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036485"}
{"pmid": "1036489", "title": "Effect of localization of L-asparaginase as the concanavalin A conjugate on anti-tumor activity.", "content": "Effect of localization of L-asparaginase as the concanavalin A conjugate on anti-tumor activity. A method potentially capable of enhancing the effectiveness of therapeutic enzymes such as L-asparaginase was investigated. The method was suggested by the following properties that have been observed for lectins injected into tissues: (1) six lectins with differing specificities were retained near the site of injection in the feet of mice 10 to 100 times longer than several non-lectin proteins. Prolonged retention of 125I-labelled concanavalin A was also observed in other normal and malignant mouse tissues. (2) The retention of 125I-labelled concanavalin A was not affected by prior immunization against concanavalin A. (3) Electrophoresis of tissue extracts on sodium dodecyl sulfate-poly-acrylamide gels followed by radioautography indicated that the 125I-labelled concanavalin A retained in the tissue remained as intact in form as prior to injection. Since the therapeutic efficacy of many enzymes may be enhanced by localization at the intended site of action, in principle it should be possible to enhance the effectiveness of therapeutic enzymes by combining the tissue-localizing properties of a lectin with therapeutic effectiveness of the enzyme. A conjugate of E. coli L-asparaginase and concanavalin A has been prepared by covalent cross-linking with glutaraldehyde and has been shown to be retained in mouse tissue 90 times longer than the free enzyme. However, it is completely ineffective in the treatment of the L-asparaginase-sensitive lymphosarcoma 6C3HED in C3H/HeJ mice. The ineffectiveness of the conjugated enzyme may be associated with the interiorization of the conjugate by the cells of the tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036489"}
{"pmid": "1036490", "title": "The immunospecificity of altered initial arrest patterns of circulating cancer cells in tumor-bearing mice.", "content": "The immunospecificity of altered initial arrest patterns of circulating cancer cells in tumor-bearing mice. The early arrest patterns of a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma were determined after injection of 125IUdR-labelled cells into the systemic circulation of mice bearing transplanted lymphosarcomas, and of normal animals. Similar experiments were performed using radiolabelled lymphosarcoma cells and normal or fibrosarcoma-bearing mice. The results showed that shifts in normal distribution patterns previously observed in tumor-bearing animals injected with cells of the same type as that borne by the animal, were not detectable when cells of a different tumor type were injected. Peritoneal exudate cell migration inhibition assays showed little immunologic cross-reactivity between the two tumors and, together with the results of the distribution studies, indicated that alterations of early arrest patterns in mice sensitized to their tumor is an immunologically specific phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036490"}
{"pmid": "1036491", "title": "Infection of a nonspecific urethritis patient and his consort with a pathogenic species of nonspecific urethritis Corynebacteria, Corynebacterium genitalium, N. SP.", "content": "Infection of a nonspecific urethritis patient and his consort with a pathogenic species of nonspecific urethritis Corynebacteria, Corynebacterium genitalium, N. SP. A patient with nonspecific urethritis (NSU) and his consort were examined for infection with NSU corynebacteria, mycoplasmas, and gonococci. No classic and T-mycoplasmas or gonococci were cultured, but one species of NSU corynebacteria was isolated not only from the patient's urethral discharge during three episodes of NSU but also from his consort. It was not isolated after successful treatment of the patient with tetracycline and the use of condoms prevented reoccurrence of urethritis. This NSU corynebacterium was isolated previously from one epididymitis patient and two NSU patients but not from any of the normal male and female subjects examined. Therefore, this strain is considered to be one of the etiologic agents of NSU and female subjects are asymptomatic carriers. In consequence, it is suggested that NSU corynebacteria which are commensals and pathogens of the male and female urogenital tracts should be incorporated in a new species, of the Coryneform group, and that this strain should be the type species, Corynebacterium genitalium n. sp.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036491"}
{"pmid": "1036495", "title": "Reactions to \"employing electric shock with autistic children\".", "content": "Reactions to \"employing electric shock with autistic children\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036495"}
{"pmid": "1036492", "title": "The reliability and diagnostic validity of the physical and neurological examination for soft signs (PANESS).", "content": "The reliability and diagnostic validity of the physical and neurological examination for soft signs (PANESS). Twenty-one children, mean age of 8 years, were each examined on separate occasions by two pediatric residents, blind to diagnosis, using the neurological examination (PANESS) included in the group of instruments recommended by the National Institute of Mental Health for psychotropic drug studies in children. Half the children were hyperactive/aggressive, one quarter were normal, and one quarter had histories or signs strongly presumptive of brain damage. Many of the signs, though reliable, did not occur in the majority of children. Examiners did achieve a high level of agreement about global neurological status. It was concluded that the neurological examination probably contains a substantial number of non-contributory items and should be regarded as experimental rather than definitive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036492"}
{"pmid": "1036494", "title": "Autistic children exhibit undetectable hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers despite previous rubella vaccination.", "content": "Autistic children exhibit undetectable hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers despite previous rubella vaccination. The etiology of autism is unknown, but autism has been associated with a number of diseases, including prenatal rubella. Rubella vaccine challenge was used in an attempt to retrospectively diagnose prenatal rubella in autistic children. This test was selected because unresponsiveness of antibody titer has been reported as helpful in retrospective diagnosing of prenatal rubella. Fifteen autistic children and 8 controls matched for age were challenged with rubella vaccine. Rubella vaccine challenge did not differentiate autistic children from the control subjects. However, 5 of 13 autistic children had undetectable titers despite previous vaccine; all control subjects had detectable titers. This finding of undetectable titers in autistic children suggests these children may have an altered immune response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036494"}
{"pmid": "1036496", "title": "Multiple factors in short-term behavioral control of protein intake in rats.", "content": "Multiple factors in short-term behavioral control of protein intake in rats. The availability and concentration of dietary protein was varied in an examination of the nature of the day-to-day intake of protein solutions by 60-day-old male rats. It was found that the rats consumed a remarkably constant absolute amount of protein each day, adjusting overall caloric intake to maintain protein at a roughly constant proportion of total calories. Factors such as the time of access to a protein source or the extent of prior experience with a protein source were seen to influence the overall constancy of protein intake, whereas daily shifts in preference between two available concentrations of protein did not interfere with such short-term control. The mechanism for this behavioral control is likely to be different from mechanisms mediating the conditioned response to dietary protein, as in the response to dietary amino acid imbalance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036496"}
{"pmid": "1036499", "title": "Intussusception in the older child- suspect lymphosarcoma.", "content": "Intussusception in the older child- suspect lymphosarcoma. Examination of the records of 378 children with intussusception at our institution revealed that 29 cases were caused by an identifiable intestinal lesion. A Meckel's diverticulum was the causative agent in 21 children, all of whom were under 2 yr of age. A previously undiagnosed ileal lymphosarcoma produced the intussusception in six other children, all between 6 1/2 and 9 yr of age. Our experience indicates that any child over 6 yr of age with the clinical findings of colicky abdominal pain, bloody stools, and a palpable mass plus the radiographic evidence of intussusception must be considered to have ileal lymphosarcoma until proven otherwise. Hydrostatic reduction of the intussusception must be accompanied by extensive small bowel reflux of barium in order to effectively rule out a small intestinal lesion. If this is not accomplished, surgery should be planned with the suspicion that a malignancy may be present. If this suspicion is confirmed by frozen section, the operation procedure should include wide surgical excision of the lesion along with the regional lymph nodes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036499"}
{"pmid": "1036476", "title": "The operational implications of resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides in Iran.", "content": "The operational implications of resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides in Iran.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036476"}
{"pmid": "1036497", "title": "Incidence and identification of phospholipase C-producing bacteria in fresh and spoiled homogenized milk.", "content": "Incidence and identification of phospholipase C-producing bacteria in fresh and spoiled homogenized milk. Bacteria which produced phospholipase C were isolated from 13 of 34 fresh and 15 of 35 spoiled samples of homogenized milk. No single off flavor was assigned consistently to samples with phospholipase producers, but 75% of them were bitter. Pseudomonads constituted 62% of the isolates. Other phospholipase C-producing genera and their numbers were Acinetobacter, two; Alcaligenes, three; Bacillus, two; Citrobacter, one; Enterobacter, three; and Flavobacterium, two. Two unidentified yeasts also were isolated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036497"}
{"pmid": "1036498", "title": "The content of 90Sr in the bone tissue of the population of the Soviet Union. (1959-1971) (The basic laws of its accumulation and distribution).", "content": "The content of 90Sr in the bone tissue of the population of the Soviet Union. (1959-1971) (The basic laws of its accumulation and distribution). On the basis of the results of long-term observations, general laws have been identified determining the dynamics of 90Sr concentration in the bone tissue of the population of the USSR in 1959-71, the peculiarities of 90Sr accumulation in different age groups and the connection and dependences between the intake and the contect of the isotope in human organism. It has been found that maximum 90Sr concentration occur in children born in the year when nuclear tests were carried out. The type of distribution of the frequency of occurrence of cases showing different levels of 90Sr content in uniform population groups was determined. Characteristic features of 90Sr distribution in different bones of the skeleton and its changes in the course of time were demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036498"}
{"pmid": "1036493", "title": "Catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in psychotic children.", "content": "Catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in psychotic children. Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) activity was studied in three groups of institutionalized children: (1) a group of schizophrenic children; (2) a heterogeneous group of chronic psychotic children characterized by severe symptomatology and onset before 5 years of age; (3) a group of acting-out but nonpsychotic children. Erythrocyte COMT activity was found to be significantly lower among the schizophrenic subjects in contrast to the greater activity in both the other groups--the nonpsychotic and chronic psychotic children. The difference in COMT activity between psychotic groups appeared to be related to diagnosis and age of onset of disorder. Generality of findings is limited by the small sample size (N = 42) and by the difficulties inherent in the diagnosis of severe mental disorder in children. However, this preliminary study suggests that enzymatic activity may be associated with the development of schizophrenia in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036493"}
{"pmid": "1036501", "title": "The electrophysiologic effects of tolamolol (UK-6558-01) on the passive membrane properties of mammalian cardiac Purkinje fibers.", "content": "The electrophysiologic effects of tolamolol (UK-6558-01) on the passive membrane properties of mammalian cardiac Purkinje fibers. Tolamolol (UK-6558-01) is a relatively cardioselective beta receptor antagonist which is effective clinically in the treatment of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. Animal studies suggest tolamolol may have significant antifibrillatory properties. The effect of tolamolol on the passive membrane properties of sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers was studied using multiple microelectrode techniques. In sodium-deficient Tyrode's solution, we measured the resting transmembrane voltage (Vr) at differing external potassium concentrations (K+]0, investigated current-voltage relationships and per formed cable analysis. Tolamolol was found to hyperpolarize the membrane in the presence of a large driving force [i.e., when (Vr - VK) was significantly greater than zero, where VK is the potassium equilibrium voltage ]; to hyperpolarize fibers with a Vr decreased due to stretch at [K+]0 = 4.0 mM; to increase membrane chord and slope potassium conductance; to decrease the membrane length constant; and to decrease the membrane time constant. In normal sodium Tyrode's solution, tolamolol could suppress automaticity. These results suggest that tolamolol increases membrane potassium conductance within the range of the pacemaker potential. This action can account, in part, for its ability to suppress automaticity and for its ability to prevent reentrant arrhythmias. In normal sodium Tyrode's solution, tolamolol suppressed oscillatory and sustained rhythmic activity occurring at a low transmembrane voltage which may be related to its alleged antifibrillatory effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036501"}
{"pmid": "1036502", "title": "Correlation between analgesia and the decrease of acetylcholine turnover rate in cortex and hippocampus elicited by morphine, meperidine, viminol R2 and azidomorphine.", "content": "Correlation between analgesia and the decrease of acetylcholine turnover rate in cortex and hippocampus elicited by morphine, meperidine, viminol R2 and azidomorphine. In rats, an ED50 for analgesia of morphine, meperidine, viminol R2 or azidomorphine decreases the turnover rate of acetylcholine (TRACh) in cortex and hippocampus. These four analgetics fail to change to TRACh in striatum when given in a dose range from ED30 for analgesia up to a cataleptic dose. Viminol S2, a nonanalgesic stereoisomer of vimonol R2, fails to decrease the TRACh in cortex and hippocampus. Naltrexone, an opiate antagonist, also fails to change the cortical and hippocampal TRACh but it antagonizes the decrease in cortical and hippocampal TRACh elicited by the four analgetics. Since the ED50 of these four analgetics fails to change the TRACh in striatum which contains a high density of opiate receptors and intrinsic cholinergic neurons, but decreases the TRACh in hippocampus and cortex which contain a low density of opiate receptors, it can be inferred that opiate receptors are not exclusively involved in the regulation of TRACh. However, the results suggest that certain cholinergic pathways participate in the mediation of analgesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036502"}
{"pmid": "1036503", "title": "In-vitro fertilization of ova from senescent mice and hamsters.", "content": "In-vitro fertilization of ova from senescent mice and hamsters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036503"}
{"pmid": "1036500", "title": "Bioavailability assessment under quasi- and nonsteady-state conditions III: Application.", "content": "Bioavailability assessment under quasi- and nonsteady-state conditions III: Application. The applicability of bioavailability assessment at quasi- and nonsteady state is illustrated with data from a study comparing two formulations of amitriptyline hydrochloride in humans. Relative bioavailability as a function of the observed mean plasma concentrations may be expressed in closed form, provided the affected intervals begin and end in the log-linear region. Alternatively, numerical, graphical and/or electronic computational techniques may be used to stimulate the appropriate [Cp(i)]sim, the proximity of which to [Cp(i)]obs is a function of relative bioavailability and omega. If a model can be found to fit the data adequately, it would be sufficient that only one sampled interval end in the log-linear phase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036500"}
{"pmid": "1036504", "title": "Effects of pituitary graft and 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine on mammary DNA synthesis in mice in relation to mammary tumorigenesis.", "content": "Effects of pituitary graft and 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine on mammary DNA synthesis in mice in relation to mammary tumorigenesis. 3H-thymidine incorporation into mammary DNA as an index of mammary DNA synthesis in C3H/He virgin females was significantly higher at proestrus than at estrus and diestrus. The rise in incorporation at proestrus was completely blocked by the administration of 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (Bromocriptin) 1 day before proestrus. The incorporation was maintained at a higher level than that at proestrus by pituitary grafts. The results supported the view that mammary DNA synthesis, which is stimulated by prolactin, is an important factor for mammary tumorigenesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036504"}
{"pmid": "1036478", "title": "Species of gastro-intestinal nematodes of sheep from Iran.", "content": "Species of gastro-intestinal nematodes of sheep from Iran.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036478"}
{"pmid": "1036505", "title": "Interaction of estrogen and prolactin in spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis of the mouse.", "content": "Interaction of estrogen and prolactin in spontaneous mammary tumorigenesis of the mouse. Daily treatment for 12 months of young nulliparous C3H mice with 0.1 mg 2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine (CB-154), an effective suppressor of prolactin secretion, significantly reduced and in some instances virtually eliminated the incidence of spontaneous mammary tumors. The CB-154-treated mice had normal body weight gains and normal estrous cycles. Ovariectomy of young nulliparous C3H mice also reduced mammary tumor incicence, but appeared to be slightly less effective than treatment with the ergot. Chronic administration of 17beta-estradiol for 12-19 months (via drinking water) to young nulliparous intact or ovariectomized-hysterectomized C3H mice significantly increased mammary tumor incidence. Concurrent administration of 0.1 mg CB-154 to the estrogen-treated mice significantly reduced the incidence of mammary tumors when compared with mice treated with the steroid alone. Chronic sc administration (0.1 mg/mouse, twice weekly for 20 months) of Enovid to young, nulliparous, intact C3H mice significantly increased mammary tumor incidence, whereas concurrent administration of 0.1 mg CB-154 to the Enovid-treated mice significantly reduced the incidence of these tumors. Thus significant inhibition of spontaneous or estrogen- or Enovid-induced mammary tumorigenesis by concurrent drug-induced prolactin suppression has been demonstrated in these studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036505"}
{"pmid": "1036507", "title": "Preventing bubbles in intravenous tubing.", "content": "Preventing bubbles in intravenous tubing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036507"}
{"pmid": "1036506", "title": "Fluorouracil as an adjuvant to colorectal cancer surgery.", "content": "Fluorouracil as an adjuvant to colorectal cancer surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036506"}
{"pmid": "1036508", "title": "Polyps of the colon.", "content": "Polyps of the colon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036508"}
{"pmid": "1036480", "title": "Arthroscopy of the Knee.", "content": "Arthroscopy of the Knee. Two hundred and twenty-one consecutive arthroscopic examinations of the knee are reviewed to establish diagnostic accuracy based on subsequent arthrotomy and the clinical course in the absence of arthrotomy. One hundred and nine knees showed an arthroscopic accuracy of 89.9 per cent at subsequent arthrotomy. Ninety-five patients who did not have an arthrotomy revealed 73.7 per cent clinical improvement between 9 months and 4 years after arthroscopy. Arthroscopy is a simple diagnostic procedure which, with experience, can be done safely and accuratly with minimal morbidity and, in this series, allowed 33.5 per cent of patients to avoid arthrotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036480"}
{"pmid": "1036509", "title": "Breast prostheses.", "content": "Breast prostheses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036509"}
{"pmid": "1036511", "title": "Quinacrine ochronosis.", "content": "Quinacrine ochronosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036511"}
{"pmid": "1036510", "title": "Does juvenile temporal arteritis exist.", "content": "Does juvenile temporal arteritis exist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036510"}
{"pmid": "1036512", "title": "Bronchial artery embolization for massive hemoptysis.", "content": "Bronchial artery embolization for massive hemoptysis. Improved angiographic techniques have proved that therapeutic embolization is effective in controlling massive hemorrhage in selected sites of the gastrointestinal tract and central nervous system. We have controlled massive hemoptysis in five cases with use of our improved techniques and bronchial artery embolization. Because mortality due to massive hemoptysis in both benign and malignant disease is high, therapeutic bronchial artery embolization is the preferable approach in some cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036512"}
{"pmid": "1036515", "title": "Job specifications for the President of a County Medical Society or how the Establishment remains established.", "content": "Job specifications for the President of a County Medical Society or how the Establishment remains established.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036515"}
{"pmid": "1036513", "title": "Y-chromosomal genes in a phenotypic male with a 46XX karyotype.", "content": "Y-chromosomal genes in a phenotypic male with a 46XX karyotype. A number of patients with a male phenotype and a female (46XX) karyotype have been described. Although there is little or no evidence for the presence of a Y chromosome in their cells, these individuals resemble patients with Klinefelter syndrome (47XXY). Using a new serological assay for the presence of H-Y antigen, a cell surface component associated with the Y chromosome, we have demonstrated the presence of Y-chromosomal genes in a 46-year-old man with an XX karyotype. In addition, using standard cytological technique, we have located a minor population of XXY cells as well as cells bearing and abnormal chromosome 17 among the blood leukocytes of this individual.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036513"}
{"pmid": "1036514", "title": "Undernutrition. Cultural diagnosis and treatment of \"runche\".", "content": "Undernutrition. Cultural diagnosis and treatment of \"runche\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036514"}
{"pmid": "1036516", "title": "Severe transient pancytopenia associated with procainamide ingestion.", "content": "Severe transient pancytopenia associated with procainamide ingestion. A 73-year-old woman was found to have clinically significant pancytopenia in association with procainamide hydrochloride ingestion. The syndrome, resembling systemic lupus erythematosus, which has been reported to develop in patients treated with this agent, is characterized by mild to moderate anemia and mild to moderate granulocytopenia. Severe granulocytopenia in patients taking procainamide and unrelated to a lupus syndrome has not previously been reported in association with significant thrombocytopenia. The clinical severity of this patient's presentation, suggesting an aleukemic leukemia, and its complete remission after cessation of procainamide administration occasional this report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036516"}
{"pmid": "1036517", "title": "Mycoplasmemia in adult male patients.", "content": "Mycoplasmemia in adult male patients. Mycoplasma hominis mycoplasmemia was associated with obstruction, manipulation, or surgery of the genitourinary tract in five adult men. A four-fold increase in specific antibody titer against M hominis was demonstrated in serial convalescent serum obtained from one patient. Two patients became afebrile after treatment with tetracycline; a third recovered without therapy for a Mycoplasm infection. The two remaining patients died of thier underlying diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036517"}
{"pmid": "1036518", "title": "Hemiparesis in cervical spondylosis.", "content": "Hemiparesis in cervical spondylosis. Two patients with hemiparesis were thought to have intracranial lesions. Cervical spondylosis was discovered, and the condition of both patients improved after laminectomy. Although it has been rarely emphasized in the past, cervical spondylosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hemiparesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036518"}
{"pmid": "1036519", "title": "Lead poisoning from cocktail glasses. Observations on two patients.", "content": "Lead poisoning from cocktail glasses. Observations on two patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036519"}
{"pmid": "1036520", "title": "Sarcoidosis presenting as multiple pulmonary nodules.", "content": "Sarcoidosis presenting as multiple pulmonary nodules.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036520"}
{"pmid": "1036521", "title": "Popliteal vein aneurysm with recurrent pulmonary thromboemboli.", "content": "Popliteal vein aneurysm with recurrent pulmonary thromboemboli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036521"}
{"pmid": "1036522", "title": "Transient paralysis of the phrenic nerve associated with head injury.", "content": "Transient paralysis of the phrenic nerve associated with head injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036522"}
{"pmid": "1036523", "title": "Nutrition instruction in Medical Schools--1976.", "content": "Nutrition instruction in Medical Schools--1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036523"}
{"pmid": "1036525", "title": "\"Runche\": cultural problems of deprivation.", "content": "\"Runche\": cultural problems of deprivation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036525"}
{"pmid": "1036524", "title": "Diagnosis by deduction: reprise.", "content": "Diagnosis by deduction: reprise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036524"}
{"pmid": "1036526", "title": "Management of cancer.", "content": "Management of cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036526"}
{"pmid": "1036527", "title": "Hypertension screening.", "content": "Hypertension screening.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036527"}
{"pmid": "1036528", "title": "Echocardiography and tumor invasion of the heart.", "content": "Echocardiography and tumor invasion of the heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036528"}
{"pmid": "1036529", "title": "Cancer and diet.", "content": "Cancer and diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036529"}
{"pmid": "1036530", "title": "Halothane arrhythmia.", "content": "Halothane arrhythmia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036530"}
{"pmid": "1036531", "title": "Carotenemia vs jaundice.", "content": "Carotenemia vs jaundice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036531"}
{"pmid": "1036533", "title": "Monitoring temperature during anesthesia.", "content": "Monitoring temperature during anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036533"}
{"pmid": "1036532", "title": "Expectoration of bronchogenic tumor tissue.", "content": "Expectoration of bronchogenic tumor tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036532"}
{"pmid": "1036534", "title": "Egregious errors in the management of hypertension.", "content": "Egregious errors in the management of hypertension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036534"}
{"pmid": "1036535", "title": "Intrinsic asthma in adults. Association with gastroesophageal reflux.", "content": "Intrinsic asthma in adults. Association with gastroesophageal reflux. Of 28 patients with severe asthma routinely examined with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) x-ray films, 18 (64%) were found to have hiatus hernia and 13 (46%) were found to have demonstrable gastroesophageal reflux. These prevalences differed significantly (P less than .001) from those seen in a control population (19% and 5%, respectively). These data suggest that aspiration of gastric acid is a frequent incitant to severe asthma and that it should be routinely sought in the treatment-resistant asthmatic patient. Intensive medical regimens directed against reflux and acidity may bring notable improvement in asthma symptoms. Surgical restoration of effective lower esophageal spincter function has proved to be curative in other reported studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036535"}
{"pmid": "1036536", "title": "Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. A family case report.", "content": "Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia. A family case report. Six cases of multiple epiphyseal dysplasia were found in a 30-member kindred. The kindred showed an increased incidence of other joint abnormalities. A dominant pattern of inheritance was not confirmed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036536"}
{"pmid": "1036537", "title": "Syphilis surveillance. Failure to screen in a university hospital.", "content": "Syphilis surveillance. Failure to screen in a university hospital. Of 5,954 adult inpatients consecutively discharged from a university hospital during a three-month period, only 8.4% had serologic tests for syphilis performed during hospitalization. The testing rate was 20.1% on patients admitted to a medical teaching service and 1.4% on a surgical teaching service. In patients tested, a positive rapid plasma reagin test result was obtained in 6.2% and the diagnosis was confirmed by further testing, but effective therapy was not always given. On 9 of 30 patient records listed syphilis as a diagnosis on discharge. We conclude that serologic testing for syphilis is routinely omitted in the evaluation of hospitalized patients; even when tests are positive, the results are often ignored.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036537"}
{"pmid": "1036538", "title": "Patient complaints against physicians in the Richmond area during 1973.", "content": "Patient complaints against physicians in the Richmond area during 1973.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036538"}
{"pmid": "1036539", "title": "Adverse reactions in treatment with lithium carbonate and haloperidol.", "content": "Adverse reactions in treatment with lithium carbonate and haloperidol. Hospital records of 425 patients who had been treated simultaneously with lithium carbonate and haloperidol were examined. Adverse reactions in these patients were the same as in patients given lithium alone or haloperidol alone. None of the patients developed a syndrome resembling that described by others in patients treated with a lithium and haloperidol combination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036539"}
{"pmid": "1036540", "title": "Destructive bone disease in early syphilis.", "content": "Destructive bone disease in early syphilis. Although destructive bone disease is a well-known complication of tertiary syphilis, osteitis or osteomyelitis are not commonly recognized as complications of early (primary or secondary) syphillis. A patient with secondary syphilis characterized by generalized lymphadenopathy, perianal condyloma lata, and positive rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) tests also complained of headache, right should pain, and right anterior chest pain and swelling. Roentgenograms showed mottled osteolytic lesions consistent with previously described luetic bone disease. Biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of syphilitic osteomyelitis, and treatment with penicillin resulted in prompt resolution of symptoms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036540"}
{"pmid": "1036541", "title": "Nonsurgical closure of large arteriovenous fistulas.", "content": "Nonsurgical closure of large arteriovenous fistulas. We report a nonsurgical closure of large postnephrectomy arteriovenous fistulas in two patients. To out knowledge, this method has not previously been attempted because of the large size of the communication and the risk of pulmonary embolization. However, the development of new embolization techniques makes a nonsurgical approach feasible and safe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036541"}
{"pmid": "1036542", "title": "Colonoscopy. Inefficacy for early carcinoma detection in patients with ulcerative colitis.", "content": "Colonoscopy. Inefficacy for early carcinoma detection in patients with ulcerative colitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036542"}
{"pmid": "1036544", "title": "Multiple squamous papillomas of the esophagus diagnosed by endoscopy.", "content": "Multiple squamous papillomas of the esophagus diagnosed by endoscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036544"}
{"pmid": "1036543", "title": "Metronidazole and hepatic abscess. A false-positive response.", "content": "Metronidazole and hepatic abscess. A false-positive response.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036543"}
{"pmid": "1036545", "title": "Digital gangrene.", "content": "Digital gangrene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036545"}
{"pmid": "1036546", "title": "Another form of latrogenic hypokalemia.", "content": "Another form of latrogenic hypokalemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036546"}
{"pmid": "1036547", "title": "Who or what developed.", "content": "Who or what developed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036547"}
{"pmid": "1036548", "title": "The patient with acute diarrhea. An algorithm for diagnosis.", "content": "The patient with acute diarrhea. An algorithm for diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036548"}
{"pmid": "1036549", "title": "Joint effusions in sickle cell-beta-thalassemia disease.", "content": "Joint effusions in sickle cell-beta-thalassemia disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036549"}
{"pmid": "1036551", "title": "Asthma, ephedrine, and Olympic eligibility.", "content": "Asthma, ephedrine, and Olympic eligibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036551"}
{"pmid": "1036552", "title": "Serum cholesterol.", "content": "Serum cholesterol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036552"}
{"pmid": "1036550", "title": "The plutonium controversy.", "content": "The plutonium controversy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036550"}
{"pmid": "1036554", "title": "Individualization of phenytoin therapy.", "content": "Individualization of phenytoin therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036554"}
{"pmid": "1036553", "title": "Anesthesia for elective termination of pregnancy.", "content": "Anesthesia for elective termination of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036553"}
{"pmid": "1036555", "title": "Arteriovenous fistula after femoral vein catheterization.", "content": "Arteriovenous fistula after femoral vein catheterization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036555"}
{"pmid": "1036557", "title": "Medical education in the United States 1975-1976.", "content": "Medical education in the United States 1975-1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036557"}
{"pmid": "1036556", "title": "Blood cultures drawn through catheters.", "content": "Blood cultures drawn through catheters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036556"}
{"pmid": "1036558", "title": "Recent events of special interest to medical education.", "content": "Recent events of special interest to medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036558"}
{"pmid": "1036559", "title": "Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1976.", "content": "Health Professions Educational Assistance Act of 1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036559"}
{"pmid": "1036560", "title": "\"Primary care\" and graduate medical education.", "content": "\"Primary care\" and graduate medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036560"}
{"pmid": "1036561", "title": "Education and medical licensure.", "content": "Education and medical licensure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036561"}
{"pmid": "1036563", "title": "Mandatory continuing medical education.", "content": "Mandatory continuing medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036563"}
{"pmid": "1036562", "title": "Faculty responsibility for the competence of new physicians.", "content": "Faculty responsibility for the competence of new physicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036562"}
{"pmid": "1036565", "title": "Incidence of galactorrhea.", "content": "Incidence of galactorrhea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036565"}
{"pmid": "1036564", "title": "Thyroid supplements and breast cancer.", "content": "Thyroid supplements and breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036564"}
{"pmid": "1036566", "title": "Successful protection of humans exposed to rabies infection. Postexposure treatment with the new human diploid cell rabies vaccine and antirabies serum.", "content": "Successful protection of humans exposed to rabies infection. Postexposure treatment with the new human diploid cell rabies vaccine and antirabies serum. Forty-five persons severely bitten by rabid dogs and wolves in Iran were treated after exposure with a new rabies vaccine produced in cultures of human diploid cells. All except one also received one injection of rabies immune serum. This treatment, in contrast to past experience with other vaccines, resulted in protection of all individuals against rabies. Thus, almost a century after the postexposure treatment of humans was initiated, an effective tool for protecting man against rabies has finally been developed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036566"}
{"pmid": "1036567", "title": "Identifying patients at risk for thromboembolism. Use of 125I-labeled fibrinogen in patients with acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Identifying patients at risk for thromboembolism. Use of 125I-labeled fibrinogen in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Fibrinogen labeled with iodine 125 was used to detect deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in 35 patients during their course and convalescence from acute myocardial infarction. Clinical status was assessed and scored with the use of a modified coronary prognostic index. According to the prognostic scores, patients were allocated to one of two groups. Of 27 patients in good clinical condition, DVT developed in only one patient, whereas thromboembolic complications occurred in seven of eight patients who were severely ill--a highly significant difference. Prophylactic anticoagulation is advisable in patients at risk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036567"}
{"pmid": "1036568", "title": "Unexpected cardiac arrest during anesthesia and surgery. An environmental study.", "content": "Unexpected cardiac arrest during anesthesia and surgery. An environmental study. Medical and legal records of 41 cases of cardiac arrest that occurred during surgery were supplied by a professional liability insurance company and a review was undertaken in an attempt to identify recurring or common factors. The majority of patients in this study were healthy and required relatively routine elective surgical procedures. Only three of the patients survived the cardiac arrest and returned to normal activities. The remaining patients either died in the hospital or had a major central nervous system deficit. Hypoxia from hypoventilation and low levels of inspired oxygen appeared to be the chief cause of cardiac arrest in this study. Because of the unknown frequency of cardiac arrest during surgery, we recommend the establishment of a national registry of cardiac arrest cases that occur in surgical patients, in order to monitor incidence, causes, and outcome. Only in this way will it be possible to lessen the frequency of this disastrous event.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036568"}
{"pmid": "1036569", "title": "Patients' response to tubal division.", "content": "Patients' response to tubal division. Of the 187 women who underwent laparoscopic tubal division at the Massachusetts General Hospital between September 1969 and June 1973, one hundred thirty-nine were interviewed in a follow-up study. The mean age was 33.9 years; the mean gravidity was 5.0 and mean parity 3.8. Most women were married, with religious affiliations reflecting those of the general hospital population, and most underwent tubal division because they felt they had had enough children. The majority (85.6%) were satisfied with their decision and reported similar or improved mental and physical health and sexual activity. Almost all (93.5%) said that they would make the same choice again, and more than half (54.7%) would have liked to have had this operation earlier. Those ambivalent or regretful about their decision could not be readily identified by any preoperative characteristics such as age, parity, and marital status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036569"}
{"pmid": "1036570", "title": "Critical elements in the diagnosis of alcoholism. A national survey of physicians.", "content": "Critical elements in the diagnosis of alcoholism. A national survey of physicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036570"}
{"pmid": "1036571", "title": "Reversible renal failure and myositis caused by phenytoin hypersensitivity.", "content": "Reversible renal failure and myositis caused by phenytoin hypersensitivity. A 38-year old woman receiving phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) noticed maculopapular erythema as the first manifestation of a syndrome that included acute renal failure and myositis in addition to fever, lymphadenopathy, exfoliative dermatitis, and hepatitis. Prednisolone sodium phosphate therapy resulted in resolution of this hypersensitivity reaction, and she recovered from renal insufficiency. The occurrence of renal failure and myositis in the spectrum of phenytoin hypersensitivity reactions is discussed, and the importance of a morbilliform rash in a patient receiving phenytoin is emphasized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036571"}
{"pmid": "1036572", "title": "Hyperkalemia with cardiac arrhythmia. Induction by salt substitutes, spironolactone, and azotemia.", "content": "Hyperkalemia with cardiac arrhythmia. Induction by salt substitutes, spironolactone, and azotemia. In two patients, severe hyperkalemia and serious cardiac arrhythmia developed after excessive use of potassium-containing salt substitutes. Both had impaired ability to handle and excrete additional potassium load due to chronic congestive heart failure, azotemia, and administration of spironolactone. Prompt recognition of the arrhythmia and immediate restoration of the cardiac rate and rhythm by pacemaker support followed by intensive regimen to lower the serum potassium prevented a potentially fatal outcome. These cases emphasize the potential danger of salt substitutes when used by patients who are predisposed to retain potassium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036572"}
{"pmid": "1036573", "title": "Massive hemolysis caused by acetaminophen. Positive determination by direct Coombs test.", "content": "Massive hemolysis caused by acetaminophen. Positive determination by direct Coombs test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036573"}
{"pmid": "1036574", "title": "Metastatic melanoma in the breast masquerading as fibroadenoma.", "content": "Metastatic melanoma in the breast masquerading as fibroadenoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036574"}
{"pmid": "1036575", "title": "Postoperative choledochoscopy via the T-tube tract.", "content": "Postoperative choledochoscopy via the T-tube tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036575"}
{"pmid": "1036576", "title": "Transient cerebral ischemia and mitral-valve prolapse.", "content": "Transient cerebral ischemia and mitral-valve prolapse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036576"}
{"pmid": "1036577", "title": "\"Toot-toot\" and health to boot.", "content": "\"Toot-toot\" and health to boot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036577"}
{"pmid": "1036578", "title": "The autonomous heart in diabetic autonomic neuropathy.", "content": "The autonomous heart in diabetic autonomic neuropathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036578"}
{"pmid": "1036579", "title": "Pneumoperitoneum and right upper quadrant gas in a diabetic man.", "content": "Pneumoperitoneum and right upper quadrant gas in a diabetic man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036579"}
{"pmid": "1036580", "title": "The physician's estate. Part III.", "content": "The physician's estate. Part III.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036580"}
{"pmid": "1036581", "title": "Hyperthermia and cellular immunity.", "content": "Hyperthermia and cellular immunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036581"}
{"pmid": "1036582", "title": "Science and clinical medicine.", "content": "Science and clinical medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036582"}
{"pmid": "1036583", "title": "Scuba diving.", "content": "Scuba diving.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036583"}
{"pmid": "1036584", "title": "Meat-wrappers' asthma.", "content": "Meat-wrappers' asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036584"}
{"pmid": "1036585", "title": "Interpretation of article disputed.", "content": "Interpretation of article disputed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036585"}
{"pmid": "1036586", "title": "Oral contraceptives after intestinal bypass operations.", "content": "Oral contraceptives after intestinal bypass operations. A study was conducted on 7 fertile women (ages 19-44) after end-side jejunoileostomy for obesity.  The peak plasma norethindrone (norethisterone) and levonorgestrel (formerly known as d-norgestrel) levels were measured during separate 24-hour norethindrone or levonorgestrel loads using conventional oral contraceptives (OCs).  Compared to normal control patients, the intestinal bypass patients had severely reduced mean levels.  The levels were 5.0 versus 20.8 ng/ml for norethindrone and the levels were 1.63 versus 4.25 ng/ml for levonorgestrel.  Investigation of the patients' sex steroid binding globulin levels showed markedly reduced levels, implying a defective hepatic synthesis of this globulin rather than malabsorption as the most important factor.  The data shows a reduced plasma level of OC in patients operated in this way, and OCs cannot be considered safe after intestinal bypass.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036586"}
{"pmid": "1036587", "title": "Human umbilical cord. A new source for vascular prosthesis.", "content": "Human umbilical cord. A new source for vascular prosthesis. Reconstructions were performed to the popliteal, tibial, and peroneal arteries employing a modified umbilical cord vein prosthesis. The latter was obtained from human cords and was made available as an onshelf graft for surgery following glutaraldehyde tanning. The early patency and limb salvage rates are equivalent to those obtained with autogenous saphenous veins. Additional benefits include significant decreased operative time and morbidity. It is also probable that this new graft may be resistant to biodegradation and therefore may obviate many of the causes for late failure that occur with the use of living biologic tissues or collagen tubes. Long-term follow-up and study are essential to validate the results obtained thus far and  to assess the potential of this new graft in a variety of vascular reconstructions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036587"}
{"pmid": "1036588", "title": "How to deal with poor medical care.", "content": "How to deal with poor medical care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036588"}
{"pmid": "1036589", "title": "Shoulder enlargement as the presenting sign in syringomyelia. Report of two cases and review of the literature.", "content": "Shoulder enlargement as the presenting sign in syringomyelia. Report of two cases and review of the literature. Two adult patients had painful enlargement of the shoulder and complete destruction of the humeral head. Angiograms of the shoulder showed highly vascular lesions in both patients. Both patients had syringomyelia, for which the swollen shoulder was the first manifestation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036589"}
{"pmid": "1036590", "title": "Phrenic nerve injury from subclavian vein catheterization. Diagnosis by electromyography.", "content": "Phrenic nerve injury from subclavian vein catheterization. Diagnosis by electromyography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036590"}
{"pmid": "1036591", "title": "Occult rupture of the spleen: a dilemma in diagnosis.", "content": "Occult rupture of the spleen: a dilemma in diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036591"}
{"pmid": "1036592", "title": "Retroperitoneal fibrosis and avascular necorsis of the femoral head.", "content": "Retroperitoneal fibrosis and avascular necorsis of the femoral head.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036592"}
{"pmid": "1036594", "title": "Evaluation of a new aerosolized steroid for asthma therapy: beclomethasone dipropionate (Vanceril inhaler).", "content": "Evaluation of a new aerosolized steroid for asthma therapy: beclomethasone dipropionate (Vanceril inhaler). Beclomethasone dipropionate, an esterified derivative of betamethasone, can be given in small doses in aerosol form to patients with severe asthma whose symptoms cannot be controlled with nonsteroidal agents (bronchodilators and cromolyn). Many asthmatic patients who previously required systemic steroids can be transferred to this safer anti-inflammatory agent. In usual doses, beclomethasone produces few, if any, systemic side effects. The only susbstantial reaction is Candida infections of the oropharynx and larynx.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036594"}
{"pmid": "1036595", "title": "X-ray diffraction studies of lecithin bilayers.", "content": "X-ray diffraction studies of lecithin bilayers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036595"}
{"pmid": "1036596", "title": "NDV-O agglutinins and heteroagglutinins in sera of blood donors.", "content": "NDV-O agglutinins and heteroagglutinins in sera of blood donors. In sera of healthy blood donors advancing age was accompanied by a decrease in the levels of agglutinins against human group O erythrocytes modified by Newcastle disease virus (NDV-O agglutinins) and of heteroagglutinins against sheep, guinea-pig and rabbit erythrocytes. Significant correlations of titres existed between the different heteroagglutinins, but not between these and the NDV-O agglutinins. The origins and interrelations of the natural agglutinins are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036596"}
{"pmid": "1036602", "title": "Changes in cholesterol synthesis and excretion when cholesterol intake is increased.", "content": "Changes in cholesterol synthesis and excretion when cholesterol intake is increased. The metabolic responses to increased amounts of dietary cholesterol include, in man, a reduction in the synthesis and an increase in the re-excretion of cholesterol. The effectiveness of these compensating mechanisms in preventing increases in the plasma cholesterol concentration was studied in nine subjects. Cholesterol absorption, the excretion of bile acids, the excretion of endogenous neutral steroids, and the cholesterol balance (synthesis) were measured twice during intakes of cholesterol of about 250 and 750 mg/day. The serum of the compensating mechanisms (reduction in synthesis and increase in excretion of cholesterol) almost equalled the increase in absorbed cholesterol when the intake was raised by 500 mg (mean change in compensation, 226 mg/day; mean changes in absorption, 230 mg/day). In three subjects in whom re-excretion of cholesterol was predominant and compensated for absorbed cholesterol, the plasma cholesterol levels rose substantially. In five others, in whom the predominant change was reduction in cholesterol synthesis, the rise in plasma cholesterol levels was not significant. At moderate intakes of cholesterol both compensating mechanisms prevented retention of dietary cholesterol in the body, though a rise in the plasma cholesterol level was prevented only when cholesterol synthesis was suppressed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036602"}
{"pmid": "1036603", "title": "Retrolental fibroplasia and sudden infant death syndrome.", "content": "Retrolental fibroplasia and sudden infant death syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036603"}
{"pmid": "1036605", "title": "Drugs for athlete's foot and tinea cruris.", "content": "Drugs for athlete's foot and tinea cruris.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036605"}
{"pmid": "1036606", "title": "Soy-based formulas for infants.", "content": "Soy-based formulas for infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036606"}
{"pmid": "1036608", "title": "Emergency, Inc.", "content": "Emergency, Inc.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036608"}
{"pmid": "1036609", "title": "Growth and synthesis of rubratoxin by Penicillium rubrum in a chemically defined medium fortified with organic acids and intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle.", "content": "Growth and synthesis of rubratoxin by Penicillium rubrum in a chemically defined medium fortified with organic acids and intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. A sterile glucose-mineral salts broth was fortified with equimolar concentrations (10--3 M) of various organic acids and intermediates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Appropriate media were neutralized with 2 N NaOH, inoculated with spore suspensions or mycelial pellets of Penicillium rubrum and incubated quiescently for 14 days or with shaking for 5 days. Rubratoxins were recovered from culture filtrates by ether extraction and resolved by thin-layer chromatography. Toxin formation in quiescent cultures was enhanced by malonate but was not markedly affected by ethyl malonate, shikimate, and acetate or by isocitrate or oxaloacetate added in the presence of malonate. Citrate, cis-aconitate, alpha-ketoglutarate, succinate, fumarate, and malonate when present in the medium alone or in conjunction with malonate caused a 15 to 50% reduction in rubratoxin formation. Acetyl-CoA (10--5 M/flask) caused an 80% increase in toxin yield. Rubratoxin formation in shake cultures was not affected by succinate and malonate. All other combinations of intermediates and malonate caused a 10 to 50% reduction in toxin formation. At 10--3 M, citrate enhanced rubratoxin B formation and stimulated rubratoxin A production by as much as 100%. Above 10--3 M, citrate inhibited toxin production. Incorporation of [2-14C]acetate into rubratoxin was enhanced by malonate, fumarate, and malonate. A combination of pyruvate and malonate produced a 40% increase in [2-14C]acetate incorporation into rubratoxin. The highest reduction of labeled acetate incorporation (36%) was caused by succinate or alpha-ketoglutarate combined with malonate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036609"}
{"pmid": "1036613", "title": "Treatment of fibrocystic disease of the breast with a prolactin inhibitor: 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (CB-154).", "content": "Treatment of fibrocystic disease of the breast with a prolactin inhibitor: 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (CB-154). In order to evaluate the importance of prolactin in the pathogenesis and clinical evolution of fibrocystic disease of the breast, serum prolactin levels were determined in 7 patients affected by this condition before and during treatment with a prolactin inhibitor, 2-Br-alpha-ergocryptine (CB-154). Serum prolactin levels were found to be low or normal before treatment. During treatment with CB-154 there was an improvement in all patients but 2. The results of the study do not allow any conclusion on the possible relation between serum prolactin levels and fibrocystic disease of the breast but they indicate that CB-154 may be useful for treating patients with this disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036613"}
{"pmid": "1036617", "title": "Pregnancy of the wife of a complete paraplegic by homologeous insemination after an intrathecal injection of neostigmine.", "content": "Pregnancy of the wife of a complete paraplegic by homologeous insemination after an intrathecal injection of neostigmine. A case of successful pregnancy following artificial insemination following intrathecal neostigmine injection in the wife of a complete traumatic paraplegic (T7-T8 to T11-T12) is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036617"}
{"pmid": "1036620", "title": "The problems of the venereal diseases in general practice.", "content": "The problems of the venereal diseases in general practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036620"}
{"pmid": "1036619", "title": "Venereal disease and the homosexual.", "content": "Venereal disease and the homosexual.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036619"}
{"pmid": "1036622", "title": "The increased release of 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine by d-para-methoxyamphetamine and d-amphetamine in vivo.", "content": "The increased release of 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine by d-para-methoxyamphetamine and d-amphetamine in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036622"}
{"pmid": "1036631", "title": "Shock lung and respiratory function.", "content": "Shock lung and respiratory function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036631"}
{"pmid": "1036636", "title": "The use of a technicon SMA 12/60 multichannel biochemical analyzer in veterinary clinical pathology.", "content": "The use of a technicon SMA 12/60 multichannel biochemical analyzer in veterinary clinical pathology. This article has described many of the advantages of using a sequential multichannel autoanalyzer to obtain a biochemical profile on animal blood specimens and how this profile can be used in assessing the patients biochemical status. Precautions concerning the collection of blood samples to avoid spurious results have been emphasized. Hemolysis should, in particular, be avoided. Ideally, plasma should be separated from cells shortly after collection and refrigerated. If this is not possible, storage of whole blood under refrigeration (4 degrees C.) is permissible for a short period. In these cases minor changes in blood glucose, total CO2, and calcium may be expected. Also presented are some of the statistical calculations and manipulations that are possible utilizing a data bank containing the data from the SMA 12/60. This information is being used to update much of our knowledge of veterinary clinical pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036636"}
{"pmid": "1036637", "title": "Laboratory diagnosis of pleural and peritoneal effusions.", "content": "Laboratory diagnosis of pleural and peritoneal effusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036637"}
{"pmid": "1036645", "title": "The first international standard for human urinary FSH and for human urinary LH (ICSH), for bioassay.", "content": "The first international standard for human urinary FSH and for human urinary LH (ICSH), for bioassay. This paper describes the preparation and nature of the First International Standard for Human Urinary Follicle Stimulating Hormone and for Human Urinary Luteinizing Hormone, for Bioassay, and of two batches of working standard which were prepared from the same material. A collaborative study of these materials was carried out by six laboratories in six different countries. The FSH and LH activities of the Standard were assayed in terms of those of the Second International Reference Preparation of Human Menopausal Gonadotrophins, Urinary, for Bioassay, which it replaces. The results from 20 valid FSH assays and 30 valid LH assays (using four different methods) obtained in this way gave a weighted combined potency estimate for FSH of 53.7 IU, with 95 % fiducial limits of 47.2-61.1 IU, and for LH of 46.2 IU, with 95 % fiducial limits of 43.3-49.3 IU. Accelerated degradation studies of the Standard stored at elevated temperatures suggested that the stability of both FSH and LH activities under normal storage conditions would be satisfactory. The FSH and LH activities of the two batches of working standard (WS-A and WS-B) were compared with those of the Standard and were not found to differ significantly, except for the LH activity of WS-B which appeared to be slightly higher than that of the Standard. Accelerated degradation studies did not show any significant differences in stability between the Standard and batches of working standards. On the basis of these results the Standard has been established by WHO and allocated a potency for FSH of 54 IU per ampoule and for LH 46 IU per ampoule. The International Units for FSH, Human Urinary, for Bioassay and for LH (ICSH), Human Urinary, for Bioassay are thus defined as the activities contained in 0.1138 mg and 0.13369 mg of the International Standard, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036645"}
{"pmid": "1036646", "title": "Prolactin in the ram: seasonal variations in the concentration of blood plasma from birth until three years old.", "content": "Prolactin in the ram: seasonal variations in the concentration of blood plasma from birth until three years old. Peripheral prolactin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in nine Ile de France rams, born in autumn and reared under natural conditions of light and temperature until three years old. During December, when the rams were 80-100 days old, a brief and transitory peak of prolactin occurred (70 ng PS6/ml plasma +/- 10 ng). During each following year, the prolactin level fell in winter to approximately 20 ng/ml. However, in summer the prolactin was 4 times higher than the winter level during the first year and 11 times higher during the 2nd and 3rd years. A possible role of prolactin variation throughout the breeding season is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036646"}
{"pmid": "1036648", "title": "Dynamic study of post-natal thyroid function in the rat.", "content": "Dynamic study of post-natal thyroid function in the rat. The thyroid function in development was investigated in post-natal rats. The thyroid iodine content rapidly increased from birth (137 +/- 26 ng iodine/mg thyroid) up to day 10 (338 +/- 42 ng iodine/mg thyroid) then increased more slowly up to day 30 (425 +/- 34 ng iodine/mg thyroid). The maximal plasma concentration of thyroxine was observed on day 16 (56.9 +/- 3.5 ng T4/ml) and of iodide on day 10 (110.2 +/- 12.6 ng I-/ml). The turnover rate constant of extrathyroidal thyroxine was higher at birth (8.0 +/- 2.3 %/h) than at any older age studied (average 6 %/h). Thyroxine secretion by the thyroid was more intense before weaning (37 ng hormonal iodine/h/100 g body weight on days 10 and 20) than after weaning (22 +/- 6 ng hormonal iodine/h/100 g body weight in 30 days old rats). The peripheral deiodination rate of thyroxine represented about 90 % thyroxine secretion rate in newborn and 10 days old rats and only 40% in adult females. In pre-weaning rats, after a single injection of both [131I]L-T4 and [125I]Na, extrathyroidal radioactivity disappeared more slowly than in 30 days old rats and adult animals. This suggests that iodide concentrations of extrathyroidal tissues are higher before than after weaning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036648"}
{"pmid": "1036647", "title": "Thyroid hormone response to varying doses of TSH.", "content": "Thyroid hormone response to varying doses of TSH. Fifty-five normal subjects were studied following intravenous injection of increasing doses of bovine thyrotropin (b-TSH) from 0.5 to 250 mU/kg. Serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) were measured 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after the TSH injection. Dose-related increments in serum T3 and T4 were demonstrated with doses of b-TSH = 2.5 mU/kg and a maximum response was obtained after approximately 100 mU/kg. The fractional increase in serum T3 was greater than in serum T4, but the ratio between the increase in serum T4 and serum T4 and serum T3 (21.3/l ng/ng) was independent of the dose of b-TSH and time after TSH stimulation. The T3 response was reproducible and unaffected by sex and age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036647"}
{"pmid": "1036649", "title": "Antigoitrogenic effect of casein.", "content": "Antigoitrogenic effect of casein. Epidemiological findings from the city of Cali, Colombia, support the hypothesis that water supply and iodine intake are not the only dietary factors which influence the magnitude of the goitre endemia. Experiments were conducted in rats to determine whether casein has a counteracting effect on the goitrogenic and antithyroid activities of methimazole (MMI) and goitrogenic water extracts (GWE) from the endemic area of the Cauca Valley. Female albino rats (Charles River, DC strain) 100-110 g initial weight, receiving 12 mug of iodine daily, were divided into three groups annd put on special diets: protein-free, 8 % casein, or 60 % casein, respectively. Each group (24 rats) was then divided into three subgroups. Subgroup one received goitrogen-free water and was used as a control. Subgroup two was administered MMI, 50 mug/day/rat. Subgroup three was given per animal a daily amount of GWE equivalent in antithyroid potency to 50 mug of MMI. At 77 days, the thyroid glands were studied for weight, 131I uptake, and 127I concentration. Animals on the protein-free diet showed significantly (P less than 0.05 - less than 0.01) larger thyroid glands per 100 g body weight and lower thyroidal 4 h 131I uptake and 127I-concentrations than rats on casein diets. These differences were significantly increased (P less than 0.01) by the administration of MMI and GWE. All the effects were completely reversed by the 60 % casein diet showing no differences between control rats and those on MMI or GWE. Rats on 8 % casein showed intermediate values between those of animals on protein-free and 60 % casein diets; differences were still present between the control as against the MMI or GWE groups, The results indicate that under these experimental conditions, a poor-protein diet impairs the thyroidal transport of iodine, decreases its concentration in the thyroid and is accompanied by an enlargement of the gland. Under these circumstances, the action of thiourea-like antithyroid agents is enhanced. The administration of protein reverses these alterations and decreases the action of such antithyroid agents. Whether the changes observed are due to a direct action of casein on the thyroid and/or to effects of malnutrition on the metabolism of antithyroid compounds remains to be determined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036649"}
{"pmid": "1036651", "title": "The distribution of blood flow to the reproductive tract of anaesthetized ewes near oestrus.", "content": "The distribution of blood flow to the reproductive tract of anaesthetized ewes near oestrus. Radioactive microspheres were used to measure the rate and distribution of blood flow to the reproductive tract of anaesthetized sheep. Seven sheep were examined on day 14, 6 on day 15 and 10 on day 16 of the oestrous cycle: oestrus is normally on day 16 or 17. The rate of blood flow to the myometrium, endometrium and oviducts increased by 2-fold from day 14 to 15: the weights of these organs increased on day 16. Blood flow to the vagina and cervix increased by over 10-fold from day 14 to 15 but vaginal and cervical weights remained unchanged. Thirty minutes after the administration of 1200 IU PMSG, blood flow increased in the vagina and cervix on day 14, the myometrium on day 15 and the vagina, cervix and oviducts on day 16. However, these results must be viewed with caution since there were substantial, though not significant changes in the controls. The results favour the hypothesis that, near the end of the oestrous cycle, oestrogen has a dominant role in the control of blood flow to the reproductive tract of sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036651"}
{"pmid": "1036650", "title": "The effect of atropine on the insulin release caused by oral and intravenous glucose in human subjects.", "content": "The effect of atropine on the insulin release caused by oral and intravenous glucose in human subjects. Oral and intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed on normal fasting subjects, with and without atropine. Insulin release after oral glucose was significantly diminished by atropine, and this effect could not be ascribed to the drug delaying glucose absorption. However, insulin release brought about by intravenous glucose was not altered by atropine. Possible interpretations of these results are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036650"}
{"pmid": "1036652", "title": "Cytosol and nuclear [3H]oestradiol binding in the foetal tissues of guinea pig.", "content": "Cytosol and nuclear [3H]oestradiol binding in the foetal tissues of guinea pig. The formation of [3H]oestradiol macromolecule complexes was studied in vivo and in vitro in the kidney, lung and liver of intact foetal guinea pig. Specific binding of [3H]oestradiol was demonstrated in the cytosol and nuclear fractions of foetal kidney. Intensive binding was found in the cytosol of foetal lung but most of the bound radioactive material (70 %) was [3H]oestrone. Some binding was found in the cytosol of foetal liver but not in the nucleus of this tissue. In the in vivo experiments, the binding of radioactive material to plasma proteins was studied: 22 % of the plasma radioactivity was bound of which 67 % was identified as oestrone sulphate. Oestradiol sulphate represented 7% and unconjugated oestradiol only 0.6 % (0.1 % of the total plasma radioactivity). On the other hand, 2-3 % of the foetal plasma radioactivity was found as unbound [3H]oestradiol. In the kidney, the formation of [3H]oestradiol complexes in the cytosol fraction does not depend on temperature while nuclear [3H]oestradiol complexes increase with increasing temperature. Maximal formation of [3H]oestradiol complexes in the cytosol fraction and the 0.1 M TRIS and 0.3 M NaCl nuclear extracts was reached after 15 min but binding in the 1 M NaCl nuclear extract continued to increase up to 30 min. After incubation of purified nuclei of foetal kidney with 1.1 x 10(-7) M [3H]oestradiol, specific binding was found in the different nucelar fractions. Specific binding was also detected in isolated nuclei previously extracted by 0.1 M TRIS and 0.3 M NaCl before being incubated with 1.1 x 10(-7) M [3H]oestradiol. The Kd of binding of [3H]oestradiol in the renal cytosol fraction is 2.5 x 10(-10) M with n = 4.5 x 10(-14) moles/mg protein. Incubation of isolated 1 M NaCl nuclear extract from foetal kidney with [3H]oestradiol gives a Kd of 3.3 x 10(-10) M with n = 2.5 x 10(-14) moles/mg protein. It is concluded that the nuclear complexes in the foetal kidney could be formed either through an intermediate cytosol complex or that the \"two step\" mechanism could take place in the nucleus. Furthermore, direct binding of [3H]oestradiol with high affinity was observed in the 1 M NaCl nuclear extract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036652"}
{"pmid": "1036653", "title": "Studies in congenital generalized lipodystrophy. IV. Effect of muscular exercise on carbohydrate and fat metabolism including plasma levels of IRI and HGH.", "content": "Studies in congenital generalized lipodystrophy. IV. Effect of muscular exercise on carbohydrate and fat metabolism including plasma levels of IRI and HGH. Two patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy have been studied at rest, and during and after long-term exercise at different carefully measured work loads. The two patients represented different stages of diabetes development. Both patients derived most of their energy used during muscular exercise from carbohydrate, and comparatively little from fat. FFA levels remained low throughout the period of observation in contrast to normal individuals and patients with juvinile diabetes. The data presented seem to show that deposition of glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) as triglyceride, must be impaired and are not compatible with the concept of increased triglyceride turnover in the adipocytes. The fall in blood glucose concentration (BCG) was less than in normal individuals and juvenile diabetes during exercise, and the glucose tolerance remained unchanged following work stop in both patients (k-values unchanged), in contrast to normal persons and patients with juvenile diabetes. Both patients showed significant falls in circulating immuno-reactive insulin (IRI) levels during exercise irrespective of a rise or fall in BGC. Thus, the exercise itself might activate endogenous mechanisms which could, on the one hand increase the circulating BGC, and at the same time force circulating IRI to decrease, thus disturbing the well-known relationship between circulating glucose and IRI levels as has been exhibited in normal subjects. The high IRI levels, also during exercise in these patients, indicate a relative insulin resistance in the muscles, but less marked than the insulin resistance in the adipose tissue. The IRI response after glucose infusion did not change significantly with increasing work loads with one exception. Exercose did not alter significantly the human growth hormone (HGH) levels in either the diabetic or the non-diabetic patient indicating an abnormal regulation of the HGH secretion in congenital lipodystrophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036653"}
{"pmid": "1036654", "title": "Changes in amniotic fluid phospholipids on treatment with glucocorticoids to prevent respiratory distress syndrome.", "content": "Changes in amniotic fluid phospholipids on treatment with glucocorticoids to prevent respiratory distress syndrome. Amniotic fluid was obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis in 51 women in the 29th-36th week of pregnancy. The lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio was determined. In 28 patients,the ratio was less than 2.2. Beta-methasone was given for three days to 14 of them; the rest served as controls. On the fourth day, a second amniocentesis was performed on all patients. The lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio rose to a value greater than 2.2 in 4 of the patients in the betamethasone-treated group and in one of the controls. The percentage of palmitic acid in the lecithin increased concomitantly with increasing lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio. These results suggest that glucocorticoid induced acceleration of fetal pulmonary maturation may be reflected in the amniotic fluid as changes in its phospholipid composition. The lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio was found to be greater than 2.2 in 23 patients at the first amniocentesis. In such cases treatment with glucocorticoids can be avoided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036654"}
{"pmid": "1036660", "title": "Changes in erythrocyte lipid stroma in the premature infant according to dietary fat composition.", "content": "Changes in erythrocyte lipid stroma in the premature infant according to dietary fat composition. Eighteen premature infants of similar gestational age, divided into three groups, were fed 3 milk formulas containing different amounts of linoleic acid. All the cases received 120 calories per kg of weight and day, of which formula A supplied 6.1% of the dietary total calories as linoleic acid, formula B 15.9% and formula C only 0.6%. The fatty acids of red cell ethanolamine and choline phosphoglycerides were studied in a first sample obtained during the first hours of life before the infants had received any food, and in a second sample taken at the age of three weeks. In the group fed formula C (0.6% of the total calories) changes similar to those described in EFA-deficient rats were found, namely, a decrease of linoleic acid, and an increase of oleic acid and of 20:3 (n-9), with a consequent rise of the triene to tetraene ratio. When the supply of linoleate was highest (15.9% of the total caloric intake) linoleic acid increased, oleic acid decreased and the 20:3 (n-9) practically disappeared. None of the three groups showed any clinical symptoms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036660"}
{"pmid": "1036661", "title": "Oxisuran: a non-cytotoxic, differentially immunosuppressive agent.", "content": "Oxisuran: a non-cytotoxic, differentially immunosuppressive agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036661"}
{"pmid": "1036662", "title": "Bromocriptine:dopamine-receptor agonist.", "content": "Bromocriptine:dopamine-receptor agonist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036662"}
{"pmid": "1036663", "title": "Nitrogen retention and plasma amino acids of adults who consumed isonitrogenous diets containing rice and milk or wheat versus their constituent amino acids.", "content": "Nitrogen retention and plasma amino acids of adults who consumed isonitrogenous diets containing rice and milk or wheat versus their constituent amino acids. Nitrogen retention and concentrations of plasma amino acids were compared when young adults consumed isonitrogenous diets containing proteins (3.0 g of N from rice plus 3.0 g of N from milk or 3.0 g of N from rice plus 3.0 g of N from wheat flour) or mixtures of their constituent amino acids. Diets containing proteins induced greater nitrogen retention than did those containing corresponding amounts of amino acids in crystalline form, and the difference between the combinations of proteins was delineated more sharply. Concentrations of several amino acids were elevated by substituting crystalline amino acids for proteins, especially in postprandial plasma. Subjects responded differently to addition of the limiting amino acids, lysine and tryptophan, to the diets containing amino acids instead of rice plus wheat. Therefore, data obtained by means of combinations of cereals and by mixtures of their constituent amino acids cannot always be used interchangeably.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036663"}
{"pmid": "1036664", "title": "Ischemia of the small intestine.", "content": "Ischemia of the small intestine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036664"}
{"pmid": "1036665", "title": "Gynecologic disease in young, sexually active women.", "content": "Gynecologic disease in young, sexually active women. There has been a significant change in adolescent sexual behavior in the past decade. This report of 1,594 young, sexually active women, primarily from middle and upper socioeconomic backgrounds, identifies the obstetric and gynecologic problems characteristic of the group. While supposedly in a low-risk category these patients displayed a high incidence of cervical epithelial abnormality, problem pregnancy, and other obstetric and gynecologic abnormality. The incidence of veneral disease  was somewhat lower than anticipated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036665"}
{"pmid": "1036667", "title": "125I therapy in Graves' disease. Long-term results in 355 patients.", "content": "125I therapy in Graves' disease. Long-term results in 355 patients. Because of the physical and radiobiologic differences between 125I and 131I, a trial using 125I to treat hyperthyroidism was undertaken in the hope of controlling hyperthyroidism without causing subsequent hypothyroidism. Three hundred fifty-five patients with diffuse toxic goitres were treated and have been under review for an average of 49.4 months:  63.4% are euthyroid, 33.5% are hypothyroid, and 3.1% remain hyperthyroid. Different groups of patients received a wide range of doses of 125I (4.0 to 56.0 mCi), and the lowest incidence of hypothyroidism (23%) was in the group that received between 6.0 and 10.5 mCi. Sixty-three percent of the patients whose initial dose was greater than 20.0 mCi are hypothyroid. Persistent hyperthyroidism was common in patients who received small doses. Because of the high incidence of posttreatment hypothyroidism in this series and because 131I has stood the test of time, we believe that 131I is the radionuclide of choice for the routine treatment of hyperthyroidism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036667"}
{"pmid": "1036668", "title": "Antibodies to Yersinia enterocolitica in thyroid disease.", "content": "Antibodies to Yersinia enterocolitica in thyroid disease. The prevalence of elevated antibody titers against Yersinia enterocolitica was studied in normal subjects, patients with a variety of nonthyroidal illnesses, and patients with thyroid disease. In contrast to the low prevalence of antibodies in controls (less than 8%), 48 of 67 patients (75%) with a variety of thyroid disorders had titers greater than 1:8. Antibodies were found in 24 of 36 patients with Graves' disease, five of six with autonomous adenoma, seven of seven with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, three of five with idiopathic primary hypothyroidism, four of 11 with nontoxic nodular goiter, and one of two with thyroid carcinoma. Antibodies to serotype 3 were the most prevalent, occurred in the highest titers, and were found particularly in patients with Graves' disease. These observations indicate that in spite of the infreqent occurrence of yersinia infection in the United States as compared with Scandinavia, patients with thyroid disorders have a higher prevalence of antibodies to Yersinia than normal subjects or patients with other disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036668"}
{"pmid": "1036669", "title": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.", "content": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036669"}
{"pmid": "1036670", "title": "Prolonged rupture of membranes, pre-eclamptic toxaemia, and respiratory distress syndrome.", "content": "Prolonged rupture of membranes, pre-eclamptic toxaemia, and respiratory distress syndrome. A retrospective analysis was made of the incidence and severity of the idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in babies of less than 35 weeks' gestation born at this hospital from January 1967-December 1974. There was a lower incidence of RDS in babies born after pregnancies complicated only by prolonged rupture of membranes (PRM) (19%) and in babies born vaginally after pregnancies complicated only by pre-eclamptic toxaemia (PET) (18%) compared with the incidence of RDS after uncomplicated pregnancies (35%). Babies born vaginally who developed RDS after pregnancies complicated by PRM or PET had less severe disease compared with those who developed RDS after uncomplicated pregnancies. Mortality in babies who developed severe RDS was not influenced by the occurrence of PRM or PET. The biological implication of the study is that certain complications of pregnancy may accelerate pulmonary surfactant production in preterm babies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036670"}
{"pmid": "1036671", "title": "Intrathecal antibiotic therapy for neonatal meningitis.", "content": "Intrathecal antibiotic therapy for neonatal meningitis. Twenty infants with neonatal meningitis were treated with systemic and lumbar intrathecal antibiotics upon initial diagnosis. Failure to sterilize the CSF in 2-3 days was associated with evidence of ventriculitis in these infants who were then treated with intraventricular antibiotics. 4 infants died, but only 2 of them may be regarded as treatment failure. It is suggested that many deaths from neonatal meningitis may be preventable by early detection and treatment of ventriculitis with intraventricular antibiotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036671"}
{"pmid": "1036672", "title": "The future of the Atlas of Tumor Pathology.", "content": "The future of the Atlas of Tumor Pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036672"}
{"pmid": "1036673", "title": "Acute renal failure following halothane anesthesia.", "content": "Acute renal failure following halothane anesthesia. Acute renal failure was observed postoperatively in a patient after halothane anesthesia. The clinical and pathologic findings in this case were remarkably similar to those found in patients with renal failure after methoxyflurane anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036673"}
{"pmid": "1036674", "title": "Abnormal vessels in the urinary tract following analgesic abuse in man.", "content": "Abnormal vessels in the urinary tract following analgesic abuse in man. A brownish discoloration of the bladder mucosa around the ureteric orifices has been observed on cystoscopy in three patients taking excessive quantities of analgesics. Biopsy specimens revealed an unusual degree of hyalinization of the vessels in the submucosa. Similar changes have been noted in the renal medulla, pelvis, and ureter of patients with classical analgesic nephritis. This vascular change may play an important part in the development of the characteristic infarct-like necrosis seen in the analgesic kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036674"}
{"pmid": "1036676", "title": "Primary pulmonary neurilemoma. Report of a case with ultrastructural examination.", "content": "Primary pulmonary neurilemoma. Report of a case with ultrastructural examination. The electron microscopic features of a primary neurilemoma of the lung, a very rare neoplasm, were studied. Characteristic Schwann cells were present, with cytoplasm and elongated cytoplasmic processes coated with a basal lamina. The highly characteristic Luse bodies were also seen. We add electron microscopic corroboration to the previous tissue culture confirmation of this unusual benign pulmonary neoplasm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036676"}
{"pmid": "1036675", "title": "Pulmonary injury and repair. Organ culture studies of murine lung after oxygen.", "content": "Pulmonary injury and repair. Organ culture studies of murine lung after oxygen. Samples of mouse lung were cultured at various stages of the injury-repair cycle induced by oxygen. At intervals during and after a six-day exposure, pulmonary explants were prepared and cultured in media labeled with tritiated thymidine. Lungs cultured during the first three days in oxygen, when only interstitial edema was observed, resembled control explants in morphologic features and labeling. Cultures prepared from animals after four to six days of exposure, when necrosis of type 1 epithelial cells and hyaline membranes were observed, showed reduced thymidine uptake and reduced epithelial regeneration. Fibroblastic proliferation and collagen deposition occurred directly beneath areas with hyaline membranes, indicating that, in severely damaged lungs, cellular proliferation is predominantly fibroblastic rather than epithelial. The results suggest that the organ culture system is suitable for studying the reparative capacity of injured tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036675"}
{"pmid": "1036677", "title": "Tubular stenosis of the aorta with aortic fibromuscular dysplasia.", "content": "Tubular stenosis of the aorta with aortic fibromuscular dysplasia. The autopsy findings in a 2-year-old girl with severe hypertension resulting from stenosis of the lower part of the thoracic and the abdominal aorta were reviewed. The lower portion of the thoracic aorta and the abdominal aorta showed uniform narrowing down to the level of the bifurcation of iliac arteries. Histologically, the aortic wall of the stenotic site showed irregular proliferation of smooth muscle cells and collagen fibers. The elastic fibers had disappeared from outside the media. No intimal thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. These histologic changes of the aortic media in this case are apparently similar to fibromuscular dysplasia (medial hyperplasia).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036677"}
{"pmid": "1036678", "title": "Identification of calcium oxalate deposits in bone by electron diffraction.", "content": "Identification of calcium oxalate deposits in bone by electron diffraction. Oxalosis involving bone secondary to prolonged chronic renal failure and long-term dialysis occurred in a living patient. The cystalline deposit in the small fragment of bone was identified by electron diffraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036678"}
{"pmid": "1036679", "title": "Wilson disease. Comparative ultrastructure in a sibship of nine.", "content": "Wilson disease. Comparative ultrastructure in a sibship of nine. Comparative electron microscopy was done on liver tissue from a family of nine siblings to determine whether presymptomatic, affected patients with Wilson disease could be differentiated from heterozygous, normal carriers. Two of the nine had developed the neurologic manifestations of the disease; three others were considered to be homozygous but normal, two were heterozygous and normal, and two were classified as genotypically uncertain because of borderline biochemical abnormalities. Alterations of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum suggestive of copper toxicity were present in both the heterozygous and the genotypically uncertain siblings, and a clear distinction could not be made on this basis. The severity of the abnormalities appeared to correlate with liver copper level, and organelle changes were found to precede lipid accumulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036679"}
{"pmid": "1036680", "title": "Meningioma with sarcomatous change and hepatic metastasis.", "content": "Meningioma with sarcomatous change and hepatic metastasis. A 72-year-old patient had a meningotheliomatous meningioma that invaded through the skull and into temporalis muscle. One year following craniotomy for removal of the neoplasm, he developed headaches, diplopia, and proptosis of the left eye. Biopsy of the orbital contents revealed a malignant supporting tissue neoplasm having a resemblance to the previous meningioma. No curative therapy was possible and the patient died 33 months after diagnosis. Autopsy examination showed extensive residual intracranial neoplasm and a 3-cm metastasis in the liver. The metastatic tumor appeared similar to the meningioma and did not appear malignant histologically. The case illustrates the distinct histologic variations in meningiomas and the difficulties in predicting their biologic activity. Aggressive local behavior may indicate possible malignant areas in the neoplasm. Therefore, examination of the neoplasm should be thorough. Such a correlation may suggest malignant biologic potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036680"}
{"pmid": "1036685", "title": "Osmotic relation between blood and perilymph in guinea pig.", "content": "Osmotic relation between blood and perilymph in guinea pig.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036685"}
{"pmid": "1036683", "title": "A comparison of acidic glycosaminoglycans in the inner ear and other organs: electrophoretic microanalysis.", "content": "A comparison of acidic glycosaminoglycans in the inner ear and other organs: electrophoretic microanalysis. Acidic glycosaminoglycans in the ground substance of the membranous cochlear lateral wall, kidney, brain and liver of the guinea pigs were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed, using electrophoretic microanalysis. The lateral wall of the cochlea showed highest content (0.46 +/- 0.08%/D.W.) of acidic glycosmainoglycans, which were chondroitin sulfate-B (75%), chondroitin sulfate-A (12%) and hyaluronic acid (13%). However, the pattern of these acidic glycosaminoglycans in the inner ear differed from the other organs. A possible role of acidic glycosaminoglycans in the inner ear was discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036683"}
{"pmid": "1036686", "title": "Permeability of round window membrane to 22Na or RISA.", "content": "Permeability of round window membrane to 22Na or RISA.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036686"}
{"pmid": "1036687", "title": "The damped pendular rotation test in central vestibular disorders.", "content": "The damped pendular rotation test in central vestibular disorders. Nystagmic rhythm in the damped pendular rotation test (DPRT) was analysed electronystagmographically both in healthy subjects (control) and patients with peripheral and central vestibular lesions. The patients were tested in a semi-dark room with eyes open and, in addition, a serial subtraction task was performed to maintain the state of alertness throughout the rotation. In the controls 49 years of age and under dysrhythmia was found in 11%, while in persons 50 years of age and over the abnormal rate was 29%. In patients with acoustic tumors, who had undergone surgery in which the translabyrinthine and middle fossa approach had been utilized, dysrhthmia was present post-operatively in only a few cases. In patients 49 years of age and under, operated on through the suboccipital approach, dysrhythmia was found post-operatively, or was at least more remarkable than pre-operatively in most cases. Nystagmic rhythm was, on the other hand, regular with cerebellar degenerative process or atrophy. Pre-operative dysrhythmia in patients with cerebellar and cerebral tumors was in some cases post-operatively converted to regular rhythmic nystagmus in pendular stimulations. Therefore, in cerebellar and cerebral tumors, dysrhythmia was thought to be due to secondary effects in brainstem, as these tumors can cause intracranial hypertension and circulatory disturbances in surrounding brain tissues. In Menière's disease and sudden deafness, dysrhythmia and salvos in DPRT were found in the age groups, 49 years of age and under and 50 years and over, as frequently as in the healthy and control group. In one case with Menière's disease which showed dysrhythmia, labyrinthectomy was done. This surgical manipulation of the labyrinth did not eliminate dysrhythmia, though a temporary improvement was obtained. This result indicates that the dysrhythmia may be of central origin. These findings also suggest that nystagmic rhythm in DPRT with mental arithmetic is significant in assessing brainstem dysfunctions, when the age and state of alertness of the patient are taken into consideration, or when comparing the pre- and post-operative findings in intracranial lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036687"}
{"pmid": "1036688", "title": "Loss of a homologous group of proteins in a dominantly inherited ectodermal malformation.", "content": "Loss of a homologous group of proteins in a dominantly inherited ectodermal malformation. Hair from mice bearing the dominantly inherited Naked trait (NN) and from normal (NN) mice of the same inbred strain was separated into its major protein components by standard techniques. The relative amounts of proteins in these components were then determined by a regression method from the amino acid composition of the hair samples and of the fractions into which they had been separated. The results indicated that the amount of soluble fibril in Naked-mouse hair is decreased. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of this fraction prepared from the hair of both normal and Naked mice revealed that all protein bands present in the normal are also present in the Naked mice. However, a densitometric scan of the gels at 280 nm showed that the soluble fibril fraction from Naked-mouse hair is deficient in several proteins which, on amino acid analysis, were found to contain 31% glycine and 10% tyrosine. Gel filtration of S-carboxymethylkerateine prepared from normal and mutant hair showed that the mutant hair is deficient in a heterogeneous, low-molecular-weight fraction also rich in glycine and tyrosine. Our present data do not reveal the mechanism whereby a single gene locus modulates the production of several different proteins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036688"}
{"pmid": "1036693", "title": "The effect of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides on function and structure of the ganglion cells.", "content": "The effect of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides on function and structure of the ganglion cells. The effect of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides (Venoruton) on function and structure of the motor anterior-horn cells of the lumbar spinal cord was investigated under conditions of ischemia in the rabbit. The determination of the functional parameters of the ganglion cells, such as maximal function time (Fm), disappearance time (SFm), relative efficiency (La), and regeneration expenditure (Ea) revealed that 50 mg/kg of Venoruton injected prior to repeated aortic occlusion of short duration (occlusion time A = Fm and A = 2 Fm, respectively) caused the efficiency of the anterior-horn cells to be decreased. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the mitochondrial structure after prolonged aortic occlusion (15-25 min) revealed that after prior injection of Venoruton irreversible structural changes in the mitochondrial membranes of the ischemic area in the spinal cord occurred after aortic occlusion of 15 min duration. In the untreated controls such changes were not observed before 20 min of occlusion. The mitochondrial structure of the non-ischemic area in the spinal cord was found to be undamaged, however, in both controls and experimental animals. Venoruton given after prolonged aortic occlusion resulted in less pronounced structural changes of the mitochondria in the ischemic area of the experimental animals than those found in the untreated controls; paralysis of the hind extremities was found to occur only after prolonged occlusion (25 min), whereas in the controls such changes were already observed after 20 min of occlusion. Since no ultrastructural changes in the ganglion cells of the non-ischemic area in the in the lumbar spinal cord were observed after application of Venoruton, it is assumed that the decreased efficiency of the motor anterior-horn cells found in the ischemic area when Venoruton had been injected before the aortic occlusion may be due to reactions of the cell that only occur when the blood supply has been completely cut off and Venoruton is present at the same time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036693"}
{"pmid": "1036694", "title": "On the adrenergic neuron blocking activity of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) during acute and chronic administration.", "content": "On the adrenergic neuron blocking activity of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) during acute and chronic administration. The quaternary quinuclidine derivative 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) antagonized rabbit ileum and cat nictitating membrane responses to postganglionic sympathetic stimulation in a manner similar to guanethidine, indicating adrenergic neuron blocking activity. The potency of MA540 in relation to guanethidine varied according to the experimental procedure employed for assay, being equal to, less and greater than that of the reference agent in the rabbit ileum, and the acute and chronic nictitating membrane, respectively. Preferential blockade of nictitating membrane responses to both lower and higher frequencies of sympathetic stimulation were found with MA540 and guanethidine, depending on the dose used in acute experiments, or on the number of daily administrations in chronic tests. Significant tolerance to the adrenergic impairment induced by MA540 and guanethidine was not apparent in membranes subjected to supramaximal sympathetic stimulation, but was evident in membranes under the influence of normal sympathetic tone in unanesthetized cats. This phenomenon appeared much earlier with guanethidine than with the quinuclidine derivative. Tolerance was correlated neither with norepinephrine supersensitivity nor with catecholamine depletion, which was evaluated indirectly through measurement of membrane responses to tyramine. The results of this study indicate that MA540 may be a useful antihypertensive agent, possessing some advantages over guanethidine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036694"}
{"pmid": "1036695", "title": "Cardiovascular and antihypertensive actions of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide.", "content": "Cardiovascular and antihypertensive actions of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide. The sympatholytic and norepinephrine depleting drug 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) possessed significant chronic antihypertensive activity in mecamylamine- and renal-hypertensive dogs. The compound was approximately four times more potent than guanethidine in the former model and three times as potent in the latter. MA540 reduced orthostatic blood pressure responses in unanesthetized rabbits, but was approximately ten times less potent than guanethidine. The quinuclidine derivative did not affect cardiac output, heart rate or stroke volume in anesthetized open chest dogs and moderately increased mean blood pressure and total peripheral resistance. It produced diuresis and saluresis in anesthetized dogs, but did not influence water or electrolyte urinary excretion in conscious rats. In the latter test, guanethidine produced antidiuresis and antisaluresis. It was concluded that MA540 is a potent, orally effective antihypertensive agent acting through adrenergic neuron blockade, that it lacks undesirable effects on cardiac and renal functions, and that compared with guanethidine, it is more potent in lowering blood pressure but less so in interfering with orthostatic cardiovascular reflexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036695"}
{"pmid": "1036697", "title": "The biological disposition of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide in the rat and dog.", "content": "The biological disposition of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide in the rat and dog. The biological disposition of 1-methyl-3-keto-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) has been studied in the rat and dog. Gastrointestinal absorption of the drug was considerably different in the 2 species; about 15% and 75% of the dose in the rat and dog, respectively. Tissue distribution after i.v. administration was characterized by generally high tissue/plasma drug ratios in the rat and by low plasma (the only tissue examined) levels in the dog. Drug localization was apparent in the liver and adrenals, and the highest average (24-h) concentration was found in those tissues. The distribution profile and the chemical nature of MA540 suggest that the compound was distributed, at least initially, in extracellular water. MA540 was not extensively metabolized by either species. Excretion, although initially fairly rapid, slowed such that whole body half-lives were estimated to be 21 h and 47 h in the rat and dog, respectively.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036697"}
{"pmid": "1036696", "title": "Influence of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide on rat tissue monoamine levels in vivo.", "content": "Influence of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide on rat tissue monoamine levels in vivo. The effects of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) on tissue monoamine levels in male rats have been compared to those of guanethidine. Neither compound influenced norepinephrine (NE) or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels in brain or epinephrine (E) levels in adrenal medulla. MA540 is about twice as potent as guanethidine as a heart NE depleting agent at both 8 and 24 h after drug administration. The durations of action of the compounds are similar. Unlike guanethidine, MA540 does not deplete NE in small intestine, which suggests that the drug may not elicit guanethidine-like intestinal side effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036696"}
{"pmid": "1036698", "title": "The acute and target organ toxicity of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) and guanethidine in the rat and dog.", "content": "The acute and target organ toxicity of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) and guanethidine in the rat and dog. The effects of acute and repeated increasing oral doses of 1-methyl-3-keto-4-phenylquinuclidinium bromide (MA540) and guanethidine in the rat and dog have been described. On repeated oral administration guanethidine produced histopathological changes in cervical ganglia of rats and dogs which were clearly dose-dependent and reproduced lesions reported in the literature. Repeated oral administration of MA540 resulted in no histopathological changes in either species. The maximum tolerated oral dose for guanethidine was estimated to be 515 mg/kg in the rat and 26 mg/kg in the dog compared with an estimated maximum tolerated oral dose for MA540 of 1750 mg/kg in the rat and 460 mg/kg in the dog. On the basis of these findings it is suggested that subchronic studies with MA540 in the rat and dog should provide evidence which would justify the use of MA540 in man at daily oral doses as high as 9 mg/kg.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036698"}
{"pmid": "1036700", "title": "The absorption of [G-3H]-acetylglycyrrhetate after oral administration to rats.", "content": "The absorption of [G-3H]-acetylglycyrrhetate after oral administration to rats. A tritium-labelled form of aluminium acetylglycyrrhetate has been synthesised by catalytic exchange with tritiated water. An oral dose of aluminium [3H]-acetylglycyrrhetate to rats was mainly excreted in the faeces (a mean of 73%). A mean of 4% was excreted in the urine and after five days 17% of the radioactivity was retained in the carcass. The amounts of non-volatile (drug-related radioactivity excreted in faeces and urine during five days were 65% and 3%, respectively, while 6% was retained in the carcass. The total amount of tritiated water produced was 24% of the dose. Experiments in rats with cannulated bile ducts indicated that much of the faecal radioactivity represented unabsorbed drug. 15% of an oral dose was eliminated in bile during 2 days. A minimum value for the extent of absorption of an oral dose was estimated as 21%. Plasma levels of radioactivity were very low and peak levels of drug-related radioactivity were reached at 30 min and represented about 0.2% of the dose in total plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036700"}
{"pmid": "1036699", "title": "Anticatabolic action of formebolone in the castrated rat treated with dexamethasone.", "content": "Anticatabolic action of formebolone in the castrated rat treated with dexamethasone. The anticatabolic action of 2-formyl-17a-methylandrosta-1,4-diene-11a,17beta-diol-3-one (formebolone) was demonstrated by assessing the nitrogen elimination in the urine of castrated rats treated with dexamethasone-21-phosphate. The absence of a virilizing action is duly pointed out.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036699"}
{"pmid": "1036703", "title": "Behavioral effects of withdrawal of fluphenazine after long-term treatment.", "content": "Behavioral effects of withdrawal of fluphenazine after long-term treatment. Male Wistar rats were treated i.p. with 10-(3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-propyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-phenothiazine (fluphenazine dihydrochloride, FL, Mirenil) in a dose of 1 mg/kg for 28 weeks, or in a dose of 5 mg/kg for 21 weeks, beginning from the 6th day of life. Withdrawal of the drug caused an abstinence syndrome in the form of increased locomotor and exploratory activity and increased irritability of the animals. Behavioral observation during the period of drug administration indicated the development of tolerance to behavioral effects of FL. Male and female Wistar rats from mothers treated i.p. with 1 mg/kg of FL during pregnancy and lactation period were treated for 32 weeks with 1 mg/kg of FL beginning from the 8th day of life. In males, during the period of withdrawal as well as during renewed treatment, an increase in locomotor and exploratory activity was observed. The behavior of female rats during the withdrawal period was similar to that of control animals. The abstinence syndrome observed after withdrawal of FL is modified by the time of life at which treatment was started and by the sex of the animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036703"}
{"pmid": "1036704", "title": "Absorption and excretion of 4-prenyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DA 2370) in man and dog.", "content": "Absorption and excretion of 4-prenyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DA 2370) in man and dog. The blood levels and excretion of radioactivity administered as 14C- or 3H-4-prenyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DA 2370) have been studied after oral administration to dogs and man. After a single dose of 14C- or 3H-DA 2370 (10 mg/kg) to dogs the daily loss of radioactivity in urine and faeces fell to less than 1% of the dose in 4 days and the plasma levels showed a biexponential decay with mean half-lives of 3.7 and 62 h. When a single 200 mg dose of 3H-DA 2370 was administered to human subjects maximum urinary excretion of radioactivity occurred during day 2 with 4% of the total during day 5. Maximum faecal excretion was on day 2-3 with 0.5% of the dose on day 7. The plasma half-life was 32.5 h. A similar dose three times a day for 3 days had a half-life of 39 h when dosing ceased; radioactivity in the urine and faeces was 2% and 2.5% of the dose, respectively, 4 days later.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036704"}
{"pmid": "1036689", "title": "Secretion and localization of cathepsin D in synovial tissues removed from rheumatoid and traumatized joints. An immunohistochemical study.", "content": "Secretion and localization of cathepsin D in synovial tissues removed from rheumatoid and traumatized joints. An immunohistochemical study. The proteinase cathepsin D which degrades proteoglycan was never demonstrated in extracellular sites in tissues from patients with traumatized meniscoid cartilage, either before or after culture with an antiserum to human cathepsin D. In contrast, in synovia (but not usually cartilage) from the knees of 6 of 11 rheumatoid patients, extracellular cathepsin D was commonly detected by culturing tissues with an antiserum to this enzyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036689"}
{"pmid": "1036714", "title": "Chrysotile-induced asbestosis: changes in the free cell population, pulmonary surfactant and whole lung tissue of rats.", "content": "Chrysotile-induced asbestosis: changes in the free cell population, pulmonary surfactant and whole lung tissue of rats. Rats inhaling chrysotile asbestos contracted asbestosis and fibrosis of the lungs. Studies of biochemical and morphological changes (between normal and treated animals) show that chrysotile induces an increase in the lung free cell population and pulmonary surfactant levels. Lysosomal enzyme levels are elevated in both the whole lung and free cell population and there are considerable changes in macrophage morphology. It is suggested that the primary response of the lung to chrysotile is an increase in surfactant production coupled with an increase in free cell numbers, in order to prevent the cytotoxic effect of the dust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036714"}
{"pmid": "1036715", "title": "Facilitated transport of di- and trinitrophenolate ions across lipid membranes by valinomycin and nonactin.", "content": "Facilitated transport of di- and trinitrophenolate ions across lipid membranes by valinomycin and nonactin. The conductance of black lipid membranes in the presence of 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (or 2,4-dinitrophenol) is considerably enhanced, if the cation carriers valinomycin, enniatin B or nonactin are added. The effect is, however, largely independent of the cation concentration and is identical for the cations Li+, Na+ and Ba2+. This finding, as well as the sign and magnitude of the diffusion potential in the presence of a gradient of picrate are consistent with the assumption that the transport of picrate anions is facilitated by the above-mentioned macrocyclic compounds, but that cations are not directly involved. A model is suggested which, based on the generation of mobile defect structures by the incorporation of large molecules, allows one to explain facilitated transport without the assumption of stable chemical bonds between a carrier and its transported substrate. If K+ is present in the aqueous phase, the conductance is largely determined by the permeation of the cation complexes of valinomycin and nonactin. The conductance is, however, increases by adsorption of picrate anions to the membrane surface. The negative surface potential generated by the adsorption layer seems to be responsible for the saturation of the conductance at high picrate concentrations in the absence of valinomycin and nonactin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036715"}
{"pmid": "1036716", "title": "Combined modality treatment of American Burkitt's lymphoma.", "content": "Combined modality treatment of American Burkitt's lymphoma. Fifteen American patients with Burkitt's lymphoma were treated in a clinical trial employing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Two patients died during induction, and 13 achieved complete responses. Eight patients relapsed at a median of 11 weeks from initial treatment, and seven of these have died. The remaining patient has enjoyed a prolonged third remission following intensive chemotherapy and bone marrow autograft. Five patients remain in their first remission in excess of 1 year. The major therapeutic goal in the management of Burkitt's lymphoma is the prevention of relapse; the identification of risk factors and various strategies to achieve this goal are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036716"}
{"pmid": "1036717", "title": "Luekemic infiltration of the prostate: a case study and clinicopathological review.", "content": "Luekemic infiltration of the prostate: a case study and clinicopathological review. A case of leukemic infiltration of the prostate occurring with acute retention of urine is reported. Examination of the blood showed chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The number of reported cases of leukemic infiltration of the prostate is updated and a review of the literature on the subject is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036717"}
{"pmid": "1036719", "title": "Sexually transmitted disease in Rhodesia.", "content": "Sexually transmitted disease in Rhodesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036719"}
{"pmid": "1036718", "title": "The relationship between the ionic composition of the environment and the secretory activity of the endocrine cell types of Stannius corpuscles in the teleost Gasterosteus aculeatus.", "content": "The relationship between the ionic composition of the environment and the secretory activity of the endocrine cell types of Stannius corpuscles in the teleost Gasterosteus aculeatus. The corpuscles of Stannius of threespined sticklebacks contain two glandular cell types of presumed endocrine nature. To elucidate the function of both cell types the secretory activity of the cells was studied in fully adapted seawater and freshwater fishes and in specimens transferred from sea water to fresh water or adapted to media of various ionic composition. The secretory activity was established, in tissue sections and freeze-etch replicas, by estimating the volume of the nuclei, the density of the nuclear pores, and the frequency of exocytotic phenomena. The type-1 cells, ultrastructurally comparable to the predominant or only cell type described in many other teleosts, are more active in sea water than in fresh water. The activity of the type-2 cells, whose ultrastructural appearance is known only for salmonids and eels, is higher in fresh water. Transfer of seawater fishes to fresh water results in reduction of type-1 cells and activation of type-2 cells. The factors responsible for these changes were analyzed by exposure of fishes to solutions of various salts in fresh water and to artificial sea water with a reduced content of one of its components. The high activity of type-1 cells in sea water proved to be related to the high calcium content of this medium. These cells probably produce a substance comparable to hypocalcin, the endocrine factor isolated from the Stannius corpuscles of some other teleost species. The high activity of type-2 cells in fresh water appeared to be connected with the low sodium and potassium levels of this medium. Type-2 cells possibly produce a hitherto unknown hormone involved in the control of sodium and/or potassium metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036718"}
{"pmid": "1036720", "title": "The value of the foam stability test.", "content": "The value of the foam stability test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036720"}
{"pmid": "1036722", "title": "Cytological factors and their predictive role in comparative radiosensitivity: a general summary.", "content": "Cytological factors and their predictive role in comparative radiosensitivity: a general summary. Various cytological factors, including interphase chromosome volume (ICV), nuclear volume (NV), cell volume, DNA content per nucleus and per chromosome, have been reviewed to determine their usefulness as indices to predict radiosensitivity. Fourteen topics are discussed. They are: a historical development of the concept of using karyotypic features to estimate radiosensitivity; interrelationships between cellular parameters; relationship of the karyotype to the duration of mitosis and meiosis; relationships between chronic and acute irradiation and ICV using several radiobiological end points for woody and herbaceous species; correlations between dose and cellular parameters ftween chromosome aberrations and cellular characteristics after chronic irradiation; polyploidy and plant radiosensitivity; radiation-induced petal mutations in plants and their relationship to cellular parameters; correlations between mean survival time facter irradiation and cellular parameters in amphibians and higher plants; correlations between radiobiological end points and cellular parameters after whole-body irradiation in amphibians. insects and mammals; correlations between radiosensitivity and cellular parameters in diverse single-cell organisms; correlations between radiobiological end points and cellular parameters in higher plants irradiated with neutrons and the value of cell parameters to estimate relative biological effectiveness (RBE); and energy absorption and trends in radiosensitivity among species and radiobiological end points. It is concluded that ICV is usually the most useful parameter for predicting radiosensitivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036722"}
{"pmid": "1036723", "title": "Degeneration of Leydig cells in the skin of the salamander treated with cholinolytic drugs or surgical denervation.", "content": "Degeneration of Leydig cells in the skin of the salamander treated with cholinolytic drugs or surgical denervation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036723"}
{"pmid": "1036727", "title": "Changes in nucleotide metabolism of the liver and fate of [14C]orotate among various pyrimidines at the outset and during induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and hepatomegaly.", "content": "Changes in nucleotide metabolism of the liver and fate of [14C]orotate among various pyrimidines at the outset and during induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and hepatomegaly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036727"}
{"pmid": "1036728", "title": "Studies on the relationship between induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes, liver enlargement and ascorbic acid excretion in rodents.", "content": "Studies on the relationship between induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes, liver enlargement and ascorbic acid excretion in rodents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036728"}
{"pmid": "1036730", "title": "Evidence that the fertilization envelope blocks sperm entry in eggs of Xenopus laevis: interaction of sperm with isolated envelopes.", "content": "Evidence that the fertilization envelope blocks sperm entry in eggs of Xenopus laevis: interaction of sperm with isolated envelopes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036730"}
{"pmid": "1036731", "title": "Lack of effect of acute prolactin suppression on renal water sodium and potassium excretion during sleep.", "content": "Lack of effect of acute prolactin suppression on renal water sodium and potassium excretion during sleep. The possible role of endogenous prolactin (hPRL) in the regulation of renal water, Na and K excretion during sleep was tested in a group of 10 healthy female volunteers. Plasma hPRL and total urinary Na and K excretion were measured at 2- and 4-hourly intervals, respectively, in the control period and after prolactin inhibition with bromocriptin. Despite adequate prolactin suppression, no significant changes were observed in the nyctohemeral excretion rhythms of water, Na and K, suggesting that endogenous prolactin is not instrumental in the control of these parameters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036731"}
{"pmid": "1036732", "title": "Urinary excretion of drugs in chronic renal impairment with respect to changes their tubular handling by residual nephrons.", "content": "Urinary excretion of drugs in chronic renal impairment with respect to changes their tubular handling by residual nephrons. Decrease of the relative value of the renal clearance (the ratio between the value observed and the normal value) of a drug may be slower than the decrease of the relative value of the glomerular filtration rate. A slower decrease of drug renal clearance may be due to an increase in its effective secretion or a decrease in its effective reabsorption by residual nephrons. The mechanisms underlying these changes still remain obscure. One of the factors is assumed to be sodium osmotic diuresis in residual nephrons (associated with functional adaptation).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036732"}
{"pmid": "1036734", "title": "Effect of centrally applied monoamines on thermoregulation in the pigeon.", "content": "Effect of centrally applied monoamines on thermoregulation in the pigeon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036734"}
{"pmid": "1036736", "title": "Articulation in early childhood autism.", "content": "Articulation in early childhood autism. Using a standardized articulation test, comparisons were made between the articulation of autistic children and (1) a group of predominantly subnormal language matched controls; (2) developmental receptive dysphasic controls. The autistic children's articulation was significantly superior to that of both control groups. The findings are discussed in relation to differences in the pattern of language impairment in the three groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036736"}
{"pmid": "1036737", "title": "Phonological investigation of verbal autistic and mentally retarded subjects.", "content": "Phonological investigation of verbal autistic and mentally retarded subjects. A review of the pertinent literature indicates that autistic children are likely to show normal but delayed development of speech sounds. In contrast, atypical phonological development is suggested by experiments demonstrating that autistic subjects are deficient in their ability to extract the components of structured auditory input. A systematic investigation of the speech sound systems of verbal autistic and mentally retarded children reveals a delay in phoneme acquisition, as well as a relative uniformity of error types in both groups. The autistic subjects, however, differ significantly from the mentally retarded in the phonemic substitutions which they make. Autistic subjects are also characterized by a high correlation between frequency of phonological errors and level of overall language development. The findings are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that the autistic group shows a more global delay in language development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036737"}
{"pmid": "1036738", "title": "Reassessment of elevated serotonin levels in blood platelets in early infantile autism.", "content": "Reassessment of elevated serotonin levels in blood platelets in early infantile autism. Blood platelet serotonin content was measured in 30 children with early infantile autism, as defined by Kanner, 30 age-matched normal subjects, and 45 children with various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Serotonin content in the autistic group was 980 +/- 357 ng/mg platelet protein (mean +/- standard deviation), a value significantly higher than that for normal children, 807 +/- 202 ng/mg (p less than .025). Autistic children under school age had higher platelet serotonin concentrations than other older autistic individuals. There was little correlation between age and serotonin levels in the normal children. Elevated serotonin was also seen in some of the non-autistic pathological group, who were disturbed and hyperactive. Elevated serotonin levels are not necessarily a specific biochemical finding for autistic children, but seem to be due to their behavioral distinction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036738"}
{"pmid": "1036740", "title": "Platelet uptake and efflux of serotonin in subtypes of psychotic children.", "content": "Platelet uptake and efflux of serotonin in subtypes of psychotic children. The only finding of a metabolic defect in psychotic children which has been replicated in a blind study is the discovery of an elevated efflux of serotonin from the platelets of children with early infantile autism (Boullin, Coleman, & O'Brien, 1970; Boullin, Coleman, O'Brien, & Rimland, 1971). The reported failure of Yuwiler, Ritvo, Geller, Glousman, Schneiderman, and Matsuno (1975) to replicate the Boullin et al. findings is attributable to differences in the method of selecting subjects. The Boullin et al. studies found that only children with classical infantile autism, as diagnosed by the Rimland E-2 check list, manifested the metabolic error. Since only 10% of psychotic children score in the autistic range on the check list, and since all children in the Yuwiler et al. study displayed the syndrome of \"perceptual inconstancy,\" a syndrome inconsistent with \"insistence on the preservation of sameness,\" an integral part of the syndrome of early infantile autism as scored on the E-2 check list, the failure of Yuwiler et al. to find elevated efflux in their sample was to be expected.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036740"}
{"pmid": "1036739", "title": "Neuropathologic aspects of psychosis in children.", "content": "Neuropathologic aspects of psychosis in children. On the basis of a search of the literature and extensive inquiries to clinicians, this paper catalogues those cases that contain any information concerning possible neuropathologic changes in cases of childhood autism or psychosis. In all, 33 cases were identified. Twenty-nine cases are from the literature; six of these are sibling pairs. Four cases were folnd by inquiry and have not been reported heretofore. Because of limitations in both the clinical and neuropathologic data in most of the case reports, the paper serves primarily as a source of reference to the 33 cases identified. The information that is available is presented along with some tentative suggestions for further research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036739"}
{"pmid": "1036742", "title": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis presenting as a solitary functioning thyroid nodule.", "content": "Hashimoto's thyroiditis presenting as a solitary functioning thyroid nodule. A case of hypothyroidism is described in a young woman who on thyroid scan had a discrete functioning \"nodule\" with homogeneous radioactive iodine uptake, and surrounded by atrophic non-functioning thyroid tissue. Antithyroglobulin antibodies were not demonstrable, but anti-microsomal antibodies were positive at a titer of 1:25,600. Histologically, the \"nodule\" represented Hashimoto's thyroiditis with more extensive destruction of the remaining gland. Although it is unusual, Hashimoto's disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of functioning thyroid nodules, and both anti-thyroglobulin and anti-microsomal antibodies should be obtained in such circumstances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036742"}
{"pmid": "1036741", "title": "Vitamin B12 and potential fertility in male lactovegetarians.", "content": "Vitamin B12 and potential fertility in male lactovegetarians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036741"}
{"pmid": "1036743", "title": "Ovarian refractoriness to gonadotropins in cases of inappropriate lactation: restoration of ovarian function with bromocryptine.", "content": "Ovarian refractoriness to gonadotropins in cases of inappropriate lactation: restoration of ovarian function with bromocryptine. In ten patients with amenorrhea-galactorrhea who had hyperprolactinemia, ovulation could not be induced clomiphene citrate or exogenous gonadotropins. Treatment with bromocryptine in eight of these patients resulted in suppression of PRL in all, cessation of galactorrhea and ovulation in seven and conception in five.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036743"}
{"pmid": "1036744", "title": "The in vitro suppression of lectin induced 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes after the addition of propylthiouracil.", "content": "The in vitro suppression of lectin induced 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA of peripheral blood lymphocytes after the addition of propylthiouracil. A possible in vitro immunosuppressive role of propylthiouracil (PTU) was investigated by culturing peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from normal subjects with plant lectins in the presence of PTU added at the onset of culture or near the time of peak cell division. When added at the onset of culture PTU caused a dose-related suppression of lectin stimulated 3H-thymidine uptake with an average of approximately 50% suppression at a PTU concentration of 100 mug/ml. When added at the time of peak cell division however, marked suppression was produced by 10 mug/ml of PTU. Prolonged remissions in patients with Graves' disease treated with PTU, and possibly other anti-thyroid drugs, may thus be due to an immunosuppressive role of the drug rather than the natural evolution of the disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036744"}
{"pmid": "1036733", "title": "Biotransformation of ioglycamic acid, iodoxamic acid and iotroxic acid in man.", "content": "Biotransformation of ioglycamic acid, iodoxamic acid and iotroxic acid in man. The biotransformation of the 131I-labeled cholegraphic media ioglycamic acid, iodoxamic acid and iotroxic acid in man is investigated. Plasma, urine and fistular bile were analyzed for unchanged and metabolized constituents of the administered substances using thin layer chromatography. No metabolites were found in plasma, but up to two were found in urine in addition to unchanged contrast media (a total of 50% of the total elimination in 24 hr. urine). A metabolite was only found in the fistular bile after the injection of iotroxic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036733"}
{"pmid": "1036747", "title": "Antepartum prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (hyaline membrane disease).", "content": "Antepartum prevention of respiratory distress syndrome (hyaline membrane disease).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036747"}
{"pmid": "1036748", "title": "Electron microscope assessment of fertilization of rabbit ova treated with concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin.", "content": "Electron microscope assessment of fertilization of rabbit ova treated with concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin. Zonaless rabbit ova, exposed to Concanavalin A or Wheat Germ Agglutinin, then to uterine capacitated sperm produce pronuclear, 2 and 4 stage embryos that are indistinguishable from controls. Absence of cortical granules indicates that the ova were fertilized and not merely activated. Survival of lectin-bearing receptors during the period necessary for fertilization was evaluated in ova marked with ferritin-conjugated lectin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036748"}
{"pmid": "1036749", "title": "Enhancement of haemolysis by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) after pre-treatment with heterophile antibody and complement.", "content": "Enhancement of haemolysis by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) after pre-treatment with heterophile antibody and complement. Pre-treatment of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) with fresh human plasma enhances its haemolytic (HL) capacity by several factors. The effect is due to complement activation by the heterophile anti-chick antibody present in human plasma. All the adult human plasmas tested were effective, also 91/100 human cord blood sera. The antibody was mainly of the IgM class. The enhanced HL was due to integration and transference of the complement 'holed' virus envelope membrane and subsequent leakage of haemoglobin. High concentration of activated complement destroys the integrity of the virus enevelope. Treatment of chick erythrocytes and fibroblasts with human plasma also produced lysis of the cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036749"}
{"pmid": "1036750", "title": "The recognition and management of blastomycosis.", "content": "The recognition and management of blastomycosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036750"}
{"pmid": "1036755", "title": "Pregnancy following bromocryptine therapy for the amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome due to a pituitary tumour.", "content": "Pregnancy following bromocryptine therapy for the amenorrhoea-galactorrhoea syndrome due to a pituitary tumour. A woman developed amenorrhoea and galactorrhoea after partial removal of a pituitary tumor during pregnancy. Hyperprolactinaemia was supressed by therapy with bromocryptine (CB 154, Sandoz) resulting in cessation of galactorrhoea in two months, spontaneous menstruation after eight months, and pregnancy after twelve months.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036755"}
{"pmid": "1036746", "title": "Diphenadione residues in milk of cattle.", "content": "Diphenadione residues in milk of cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036746"}
{"pmid": "1036758", "title": "Choosing an architect.", "content": "Choosing an architect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036758"}
{"pmid": "1036759", "title": "Mechanism of action of benzilylcholine mustard at the muscarinic receptor.", "content": "Mechanism of action of benzilylcholine mustard at the muscarinic receptor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036759"}
{"pmid": "1036745", "title": "Soil persistence and aquatic bioaccumulation potential of hexachlorobenzene (HCB).", "content": "Soil persistence and aquatic bioaccumulation potential of hexachlorobenzene (HCB).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036745"}
{"pmid": "1036760", "title": "The reaction of Cytembena with cellular thiol compounds.", "content": "The reaction of Cytembena with cellular thiol compounds. Cytembena has been shown to undergo a rapid addition reaction with a number of thiol compounds, including glutathione and cysteine, resulting in alkylation of the sulphur. Administration of Cytembena to Yoshida sarcoma cells and to L1210 leukemia cells resulted in a loss of titratable thiol groups within the cells, though the loss of thiol groups caused by pharmacologically active doses of the drug was not sufficient to account, in itself, for the observed toxicity. The addition product of Cytembena and glutathione was isolated and tested for cytotoxicity; it was much less effective than free Cytembena. It is concluded that this reaction acts as a route of detoxification of Cytembena.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036760"}
{"pmid": "1036761", "title": "Effects of amphetamine isomers and CNS catecholaminergic blockers on seizures in mice.", "content": "Effects of amphetamine isomers and CNS catecholaminergic blockers on seizures in mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036761"}
{"pmid": "1036762", "title": "Sequelae of head and neck positions on auditory performance.", "content": "Sequelae of head and neck positions on auditory performance. Stapedius reflex level, slow auditory evoked potential (AEP), and hearing threshold level of 18 normal adult probands (11 female, 7 male) as well as of 14 normal hearing cerebral palsied children between 4 and 12 years of age (5 female, 9 males)--were determined in different postures which correspond to the influence of tonic reflex activities in supine and prone, and in the so-called \"reflex inhibiting pattern\" (Bobath) and in a symmetrical relaxed position of neck, trunk and extremities in supine (the last one could only be maintained by the normal volunteers). Influence of the postures was small but significant for all parameters in the volunteers group as well as for AEP in the patients group. In the latter group the influence of tonic reflex activities on auditory evoked potential was independent from their strength. The strength of tonic reflex activity had been graded from 1-5 as judged from clinical impression by observation and palpation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036762"}
{"pmid": "1036763", "title": "Bobath-therapy, tonic reflex--activities and processing of acoustic stimuli.", "content": "Bobath-therapy, tonic reflex--activities and processing of acoustic stimuli. The influence of tonic reflex activities on the slow auditory evoked potential (AEP) as well as the influence of Bobath's reflex inhibiting patterns (r.i.p.) in a group of 14 cerebral palsied children is compared under the same conditions with simulated tonic reflex patterns in 18 adult normal volunteers and 15 cerebral palsied children. In the adult volunteers group the effect of a relaxed symmetrical position of neck, trunk, and extremities in supine on the AEP is also evaluated. There are none but age specific differences in the latence of AEP between both groups but clear cut differences in the amplitudes and in the specific effect of r.i.p. in both groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036763"}
{"pmid": "1036764", "title": "Muscle activity and postural behaviour in newborn infants. A polymyographic study.", "content": "Muscle activity and postural behaviour in newborn infants. A polymyographic study. In a group of 9 healthy newborns, spontaneous activity of different muscles was studied for 6 or 8 hours by means of surface electromyography on the 5th or 6th day of life. According to the local nursing routine the infants were placed in alternating left and right side positions. Averaged EMG activities were analysed with respect to behavioural states and observed postural behaviour. An improved recording technique and the logarithmic presentation of averaged EMG activities allowed the study of characteristics of tonic activity in state 1. The chin muscles showed the most specific EMG pattern in state 1. Chin muscle quiescence was observed during only 15% of that state. Lack of tonic activity was observed more in the beginning than at the end, but never in the middle of state 1. By visual analysis of 41 patterns of averaged EMG activities from the chin muscle it was found that increases of tonic activity only happen stepwise following concomitant phasic activities. Relaxation of tonic activity is either asymptotic or abrupt or by steps. The latter two are especially characteristic for the transition to state 2. Long periods of sustained tonic activity and low motility were characteristic for a long lasting state 1. The interval between the beginning of state 1 and the first increase of tonic activity varied more than the interval between the end of state 1 and the final drop of tonic activity back to the noise level. Other muscles showed less tonic activity in state 1: the neck area (sterncleidomastoid muscle 48% of state 1 time, trapezius m. 32%) was followed by the muscles of the forearm (extensor carpi m. 18%, flexor carpi m. 16%). These muscles also lead the rank order of the modulation of tonic activity. Tonic activity sustained for more than 30 sec. was not observed in state 2, except during transitions. In state 2 as in state 1 the muscles from chin, neck and upper extremities were more active than the muscles from the lower extremities. Durations of activities ranged from 28% (chin) to 13% (ant. tibialis) of state 2 time. No dominance of flexor muscles, which might account for the observed flexed posture, was found. Systematically changed side positions during the recording had no consistent effect on either motility or presence of tonic activity when corresponding muscles from the upper- and the lower-lying body side were compared during state 1. Likewise in state 2 no consistent effect on the total duration of phasic activity was observed. The results are discussed in relation to other known state dependent motor phenomena. It is suggested that sustained tonic activity results from an increased gain of the gamma-loop which may also contribute to the regularity of respiration. Differences between muscles probably reflect maturational and functional differences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036764"}
{"pmid": "1036766", "title": "Benign hereditary non-progressive chorea of early onset. Clinical genetics of the syndrome and report of a new family.", "content": "Benign hereditary non-progressive chorea of early onset. Clinical genetics of the syndrome and report of a new family. The syndrome of benign non-progressive chorea (of early onset) is described in three brothers and some of their relatives. Clinical genetic study of the family showed an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and suggested presence of the gene in both sides of the family. Thus, the propositi might be homozygous for the dominant gene (suggested by increased clinical manifestations as compared with other affected members on both sides of the family) which shows relatively high penetrance and variable expressivity. The phenotypic spectrum of the syndrome is differentiated from similar observations in the literature, and genetic implications are discussed. The condition is differentiated from hereditary essential tremor and from paramyoclonus multiplex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036766"}
{"pmid": "1036765", "title": "Communicating hydrocephalus causing aqueductal stenosis.", "content": "Communicating hydrocephalus causing aqueductal stenosis. The cited evidence establishes that the pathogenetic sequence of generalized communicating hydrocephalus followed by various degrees of aqueductal stenosis occurs in many mammalian species. The aqueductal stenosis is caused by compression of the midbrain by the expanding cerebral hemisphere. Therefore the sharp separation of communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus is no longer tenable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036765"}
{"pmid": "1036767", "title": "Propanolol treatment of infantile polymyoclonia.", "content": "Propanolol treatment of infantile polymyoclonia. Two infants with the classical involuntary movements of polymyoclonia and opsoclonus were treated with propanolol in a dosage of 2 mg/kg/24 hr. There was a marked improvement in the abnormal movements in both children. No side effects of treatment were encountered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036767"}
{"pmid": "1036754", "title": "Spermatozoal migration and lymphatics: a hypothesis.", "content": "Spermatozoal migration and lymphatics: a hypothesis. The exact mechanism of sperm migration is still unknown. Lymphatics may act as transporting channels for the migration of sperms. The relevant literature is reviewed and it is suggested that myometrial contractions may allow the lymphatics of the uterus to take up the sperms and pump them actively towards the uterine tubes, where they are pumped again by tubal contractions towards their destination at the end of the tube where they fertilize the ovum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036754"}
{"pmid": "1036799", "title": "The activation of human factor X in sodium citrate: the role of factor VII.", "content": "The activation of human factor X in sodium citrate: the role of factor VII. Human factor X was purified by several different procedures yielding products which had varying amounts of factor VII and factor IX. Treatment with CHCl3 during the fractionation of the factor X removed 95% of the factor VII and factor IX activity and the resulting factor X activated more slowly when incubated in 25% sodium citrate. Removal of residual factor VII by DEAE cellulose chromatography yielded a factor X which activated still more slowly and less completely. When the factor VII, removed by chromatography, was added to the chromatographed factor X, the ability to be activated in 25% sodium citrate was restored. Confirmatory evidence for the role of factor VII in this reaction was the inhibition of the conversion of the factor X by both DFP and SBTI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036799"}
{"pmid": "1036800", "title": "Bleeding in uremic patients after carbenicillin.", "content": "Bleeding in uremic patients after carbenicillin. Hemorrhagic diathesis was observed in patients with renal insufficiency after carbenicillin at serum levels greater than 300 mug/ml. Normal coagulation factors (F. I, II, V, VII, VIII, X), normal PTT, normal platelet counts, negative ethanol gelation test (fibrin monomers) were found as well as a prolongation of thromboplastin time (Quick), thrombin time, reptilase time and thrombin coagulase time. Platelet function was disturbed. In addition, the plasmatic system was involved: inhibition of fibrinogen-fibrin conversion (Belitser assay) and enhanced antithrombin III activity; in vivo the latter was ascribed to a heparin-like activity. In vitro, abnormal III was seen: however an enhanced antithrombin III activity in vitro was not found with carbenicillin and various penicillin derivatives. This study demonstrates that carbenicillin, in addition to its known effect on platelet function, also disturbs the plasmatic coagulation system. This additional effect of carbenicillin is clinically important since protamin chloride effectively blocks bleeding without interfering with antibacterial activity. Both penicillin and penicillin derivatives have been shown to interfere with hemostasis and to cause clinically manifest hemorrhagic diathesis (Fleming and Fish 1947, Lurie et al. 1970a, b, McClure et al. 1970, Yudis et al. 1972, Demos 1971, Waisbren et al. 1971). Carbenicillin interferes with ADP-, collagen- or thrombin-induced platelet aggregation and with the release reaction both in vivo (McClure et al. 1970, Cazenae et al. 1973) and in vitro (McClure et al. 1970, Cazenave et al. 1973). In addition Lurie and colleagues (1970b) concluded that an inhibition of the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin is involved although no experimental details were given. Later Brown and colleagues (1974) concluded that carbenicillin at usual dose levels \"only affects the platelet component of hemostasis and has little effect on fibrin formation or other phases of coagulation in patients with normal renal function\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036800"}
{"pmid": "1036801", "title": "Platelet adhesiveness and fibrinolysis after recent cerebro-vascular accidents and their relationship with subsequent deep venous thrombosis of the legs.", "content": "Platelet adhesiveness and fibrinolysis after recent cerebro-vascular accidents and their relationship with subsequent deep venous thrombosis of the legs. In fifteen patients with a cerebro-vascular accident resulting in an acute hemiplegia there was a subsequent rise in the platelet count and plasma fibrinogen level. There were no significant alterations in platelet adhesiveness, plasminogen activator, plasminogen, FR-antigen and haematocrit. Patients diagnosed as developing deep venous thrombosis with the 125I-fibrinogen technique had a significantly lower platelet adhesiveness and plasminogen level than those who were not.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036801"}
{"pmid": "1036793", "title": "A pathomorphic study of chronic thyroiditis.", "content": "A pathomorphic study of chronic thyroiditis. The authors studied the pathomorphy of 364 cases of chronic thyroiditis including Hashimoto's thyroiditis (67 cases), Hashimoto's thyroiditis associated with thyroid cancer (21 cases), De Quervain's thyroiditis (10 cases), tuberculous thyroiditis (6 cases), and 260 cases of focal thyroiditis without manifest clinical symptoms appearing in 10% of euthyroid polynodular goitres. A personal classification of chronic thyroiditis is presented. The high incidence (24%) of association between thyroid cancer and the fibrous type of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is emphasized. A morphometric investigation showed the highest sclerosis percentage in De Quervalin's thyroiditis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036793"}
{"pmid": "1036803", "title": "Molecular size distribution of fibrinogen derivatives formed in vitro and in vivo: a chromatographic study.", "content": "Molecular size distribution of fibrinogen derivatives formed in vitro and in vivo: a chromatographic study. Using gel chromatography, fibrinogen derivatives present in purified systems or in biological fluids were separated and partially characterized. Eight groups of fibrinogen derivatives could be separated by gel filtration through 6% agarose in large columns, four with an elution volume smaller and four groups with an elution volume larger than that of fibrinogen. Careful calibration of the column allowed estimation of the diffusion coefficients of some of the derivatives and, thus, comparison with derivatives previously identified. Three, rather than two, groups of intermediate derivatives were observed during the degradation of human fibrinogen by plasmin in vitro or in vivo. One of these had a marked tendency to polymerize. A rather distinct difference in elution pattern was found between plasma obtained during streptokinase administration and from patients with intravascular coagulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036803"}
{"pmid": "1036802", "title": "Microvascular haemostasis and the effect of local stimulation and inhibition of platelet function. An experimental study in rabbits.", "content": "Microvascular haemostasis and the effect of local stimulation and inhibition of platelet function. An experimental study in rabbits. The local stimulation and inhibition of haemostatic plug formation was studied by local infusion and superfusion of different agents - ADP, thrombin, adenosine, heparin, prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and laster injury. ADP and laser injury shortened venular haemostatic plug formation time whereas adenosine in the superfusate and PGE1 prolonged it. Thrombin infusion had no effect but thrombin in the superfusate significantly stabilised the haemostatic plugs. It is suggested that ADP released from red cells is the most potent stimulator for haemostatic plug formation in the rabbit mesenteric microcirculation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036802"}
{"pmid": "1036804", "title": "The effect of defibrinogenation on pulmonary embolism in dogs.", "content": "The effect of defibrinogenation on pulmonary embolism in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036804"}
{"pmid": "1036805", "title": "Venous thrombosis in suspected pulmonary embolism: incidence detectable by Doppler ultrasound.", "content": "Venous thrombosis in suspected pulmonary embolism: incidence detectable by Doppler ultrasound.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036805"}
{"pmid": "1036806", "title": "Low-dose heparin and deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement.", "content": "Low-dose heparin and deep-vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. The effect of subcutaneous low-dose heparin on postoperative deep-vein thrombosis (D.V.T.) (diagnosed by the 125I-labelled fibrinogen test) has been investigated in a trial of 143 patients undergoing the operation of total hip replacement. Two randomized studies were carried out: in one the scanning for D.V.T. was carried out daily for 7 days postoperatively andin the other for 15 days. In both, the incidence of D.V.T. was significantly lower in the heparin-treated patients (P less than 0.005). Bilateral D.V.T. was also prevented (P less than 0.05), through the extension of D.V.T. to the distal veins of the thigh was not significantly reduced. Heparin treatment was, however, followed by a higher incidence of severe postoperative bleeding (P less than 0.02) and wound haematoma formation (P less than 0.005), and the postoperative haemoglobin was significantly lower than in the control group (P less than 0.005). A higher number of transfused blood units was also needed by the heparin treated patients (P less than 0.001).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036806"}
{"pmid": "1036807", "title": "Comparison between a modified ethanol gelation test and protamine sulfate test. Experimental studies.", "content": "Comparison between a modified ethanol gelation test and protamine sulfate test. Experimental studies. A comparative experimental study has been made to correlate the protamine sulfate test and a modified ethanol gelation test, based on clinical observations of the solubility of a gel formed at 20 degrees C (Godal and Abildgaard procedure) when it was transferred to a bath at 37 degrees C. Two different results were obtained: the gel remained insoluble at 37 degrees C or it became completely soluble, with intermediate degrees of partial solubility. Our studies indicate that this is due to the amount of fibrin monomers formed and the level of fibrinogen: the first are responsible for the insolubility of the gel and the second for its solubility. This furnishes us with useful information for diagnostic purposes. We found the protamine sulfate test more sensitive than the ethanol gelation test, and its sensitivity increased when fibrinogen level decreased. An insoluble gelation test is a sure indication of the presence of fibrin monomers, but a soluble gel calls for the protamine sulfate test to confirm this or the existence of high fibrinogen level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036807"}
{"pmid": "1036808", "title": "Platelet preservation. II. The response of human platelet suspensions to hypotonic stress.", "content": "Platelet preservation. II. The response of human platelet suspensions to hypotonic stress. 1. Platelet suspensions were exposed to hypotonic stress. Several parameters of the changes in light absorbance were investigated i.a. the initial decrease in absorbance (A min), the maximal rate of the recovery process (V max), and the value of the absorbance two hours after mixing the platelet suspension with the hypotonic solution. 2. The ratio V max/A min appeared to be independent of both platelet concentration and, within a specific range, decrease in osmolarity. 3. Cryoprotectants appeared to disturb the response to hypotonic stress. 4. Cryopreservation caused a decrease in the light absorbance of the platelet suspension, of A min, and of the recovery process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036808"}
{"pmid": "1036809", "title": "Platelet preservation. III. The influence of dimethylsulfoxide and cooling conditions on serotonin uptake velocity and response to hypotonic stress of human platelets.", "content": "Platelet preservation. III. The influence of dimethylsulfoxide and cooling conditions on serotonin uptake velocity and response to hypotonic stress of human platelets. 1. Serotonin uptake velocity of human platelets was found to be reversibly inhibited by the presence of dimethylsfulfoxide (DMSO). 2. Incubation of platelet concentrates in the presence of DMSO for 90 minutes at room temperature decreased serotonin uptake velocity and response to hypotonic stress. 3. The serotonin uptake velocity was not substantially influenced by the temperature of incubation with DMSO. 4. The best recovery of serotonin uptake velocity after cryopreservation in the presence of DMSO was observed when DMSO was added quickly before cooling and removed quickly after thawing. 5. No significant differences were observed in serotonin uptake velocity and response to hypotonic stress cryopreservation in the presence of DMSO when cooling rates were varied from 2 to 10 degrees C/min.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036809"}
{"pmid": "1036810", "title": "Newborn platelet dysfunction: a storage pool and release defect.", "content": "Newborn platelet dysfunction: a storage pool and release defect. Per cent aggregation, release and content of adenine nucleotides, and specific radioactivity were evaluated in citrated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) prepared from paired samples of maternal and cord blood. Platelets of newborn infants aggregated normally in response to highdose ADP (20 muM), strong collagen suspensions, and thrombin; however, when compared with PRP from the mothers or from normal adults, per cent aggregation in response to lower concentrations of ADP (2 muM), weak collagen, and part particularly epinephrine was markedly reduced. Nucleotide release after stimulation of the newborns' PRP with the latter two inducers was also impaired. ATP and ADP content of the newborns' platelets was also significantly less than that of their mothers or of normal adults, but specific activity was normal. The data suggest that the impairment of ADP release in the platelets of newborn infants is due to decreased sensitivity to external stimuli. Since metabolic ATP is necessary for the platelet release reaction, it is postulated that the platelet dysfunction results from a lack of metabolic ATP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036810"}
{"pmid": "1036811", "title": "The use of a chelating ion-exchange resin to evaluate the effects of the extracellular calcium concentration on adenosine diphosphate induced aggregation of human blood platelets.", "content": "The use of a chelating ion-exchange resin to evaluate the effects of the extracellular calcium concentration on adenosine diphosphate induced aggregation of human blood platelets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036811"}
{"pmid": "1036812", "title": "The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on in vitro platelet function.", "content": "The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide on in vitro platelet function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036812"}
{"pmid": "1036813", "title": "The prothrombin time test: effect of varying citrate concentration.", "content": "The prothrombin time test: effect of varying citrate concentration. Blood samples from 12 normal subjects and 46 patients on oral anticoagulants were divided so that each was anticoagulated with four concentrations of trisodium citrate solution in the range 0.09-0.15 M, 9 vol blood being added to 1 vol citrate solution in each case. Citrated blood haematocrit and plasma prothrombin time was measured on each subsample; 0.025 M CaCl2-solution was used for recalcification throughout. Three laboratories participated, each using a different prothrombin-time technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036813"}
{"pmid": "1036814", "title": "Reference method for the one-stage prothrombin time test on hlman blood. International committee for standardization in hematology.", "content": "Reference method for the one-stage prothrombin time test on hlman blood. International committee for standardization in hematology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036814"}
{"pmid": "1036815", "title": "Registry of prospective clinical trials second report.", "content": "Registry of prospective clinical trials second report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036815"}
{"pmid": "1036816", "title": "General classification system for hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders.", "content": "General classification system for hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036816"}
{"pmid": "1036817", "title": "Report of the working party on platelets.", "content": "Report of the working party on platelets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036817"}
{"pmid": "1036818", "title": "Report of the working party on platelets. Stages in the interaction of platelets with collagen.", "content": "Report of the working party on platelets. Stages in the interaction of platelets with collagen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036818"}
{"pmid": "1036819", "title": "Report of the working party on platelets. Platelet factor 4 (PF4), Platelet protein with heparin neutralizing activity.", "content": "Report of the working party on platelets. Platelet factor 4 (PF4), Platelet protein with heparin neutralizing activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036819"}
{"pmid": "1036820", "title": "A micro-technique for determining platelet aggregability in whole blood.", "content": "A micro-technique for determining platelet aggregability in whole blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036820"}
{"pmid": "1036821", "title": "The effects of drugs on platelet function tests.", "content": "The effects of drugs on platelet function tests.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036821"}
{"pmid": "1036822", "title": "Qualitative platelet abnormality due to absent collagen-induced aggregation.", "content": "Qualitative platelet abnormality due to absent collagen-induced aggregation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036822"}
{"pmid": "1036823", "title": "ADP, ristocetin, bovine factor VII and thrombasthenic platelets.", "content": "ADP, ristocetin, bovine factor VII and thrombasthenic platelets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036823"}
{"pmid": "1036824", "title": "Heparin and blood coagulation.", "content": "Heparin and blood coagulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036824"}
{"pmid": "1036825", "title": "Platelet aggregation by thimerosal.", "content": "Platelet aggregation by thimerosal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036825"}
{"pmid": "1036826", "title": "Detection and prevention of a fibrinolysis after an extra-corporeal circulation in cardiac surgery.", "content": "Detection and prevention of a fibrinolysis after an extra-corporeal circulation in cardiac surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036826"}
{"pmid": "1036827", "title": "Fibrin formation: the role of the fibrinogen-fibrin monomer complex.", "content": "Fibrin formation: the role of the fibrinogen-fibrin monomer complex. The process of fibrin formation using highly purified fibrinogen and thrombin was studied using laser fluctuation spectroscopy, a method that rapidly determines particle size in a solution. Two periods in fibrin clot formation were noted: an induction period during which no fibrin polymerization occurred and a period of rapid increase in particle size. Direct measurement of fibrin monomer polymerization and fibrinopeptide release showed no evidence of an induction period. These observations were best explained by a kinetic model for fibrin clot formation incorporating a reversible fibrinogen-fibrin monomer complex. In this model, the complex serves as a buffer system during the earliest phase of fibrin formation. This prevents the accumulation of free polymerizable fibrin monomer until an appreciable amount of fibrinogen has reacted with thrombin, at which point the fibrin monomer level rises rapidly and polymerization proceeds. Clinically, the complex may be a homeostatic mechanism preventing pathological clotting during periods of elevated fibrinogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036827"}
{"pmid": "1036828", "title": "Analysis of the disappearance curve of labelled fibrinogen at the time of hyperfibrinogenemia in rabbits with acute or chronic intravascular coagulation.", "content": "Analysis of the disappearance curve of labelled fibrinogen at the time of hyperfibrinogenemia in rabbits with acute or chronic intravascular coagulation. In order to study fibrinogen metabolism, the disappearance curve of 125I-abelled homologous fibrinogen was investigated in the rabbits with experimentally induced acute or chronic intravascular coagulation by injection of Lycopodium spores or thromboplastin. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Using haemolysate, an intermediate phase with upward convexity was clearly recognized between the early rapid-decay phase and the late slow phase in each radioactivity decay curve obtained in groups of rabbits. This convexity was most marked with acute intravascular coagulation induced by injection of Lycopodium spores, and was less marked, although higher, with chronic intravascular coagulation induced by injection of thromboplastin than that in the normal control. 2. The disappearance curve with the intermediate phase could be expressed, in approximation, as a sum of 2 equations--the initial exponential decay equation and the late parabolic one. 3. From the results obtained by separate examinations of the disappearance curve of plasma, fibrin clots and serum in rabbits with acute intravascular coagulation induced by injection of Lycopodium spores, the intermediate phase appears to be influenced more by the secondary increase of labelled non-clottable part tahn recirculation of the labelled fibrinogen. 4. The half time (27.4 hours) of the radioactivity in fibrin clots at the late phase observed in the group of rabbits with acute intravascular coagulation induced by injection of Lycopodium spores was shorter than that in the normal rabbits (50.2 hours). This fact may indicate that the increase of fibrinogen in the group of rabbits with acute intravascular coagulation induced by the injection of Lycopodium spores is due to overproduction of fibrinogen. 5. The half time of labelled fibrinogen should be calculated from disappearance curve of fibrin clots, instead from that of haemolysate or plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036828"}
{"pmid": "1036829", "title": "The recovery of factor VIII from fresh-frozen indated and outdated human plasma.", "content": "The recovery of factor VIII from fresh-frozen indated and outdated human plasma. The availability of factor VIII concentrates is frequently a limitation in the management of classical hemophilia. Such concentrates are prepared from fresh or fresh-frozen plasma. A significant volume of plasma in the United States becomes \"indated\", i.e., in contact with red blood cells for 24 hours at 4 degrees, and is therefore not used to prepare factor VIII concentrates. To evaluate this possible resource, partially purified factor VIII was prepared from random samples of fresh-frozen, indated and outdated plasma. The yield of factor VIII protein and procoagulant activity from indated plasma was about the same as that from fresh-frozen plasma. The yield from outdated plasma was substantially less. After further purification, factor VIII from the three sources gave a single subunit band when reduced and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. These results indicate that the approximately 287,000 liters of indated plasma processed annually by the American National Red Cross (ANRC) could be used to prepare factor VIII concentrates of good quality. This resource alone could quadruple the supply of factor VIII available for therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036829"}
{"pmid": "1036830", "title": "Failure of immunosuppression in a severe haemophilia B patient with specific antibody.", "content": "Failure of immunosuppression in a severe haemophilia B patient with specific antibody. Prevention of a secondary response to factor IX by cyclophosphamide was attempted in an 11 year old patient with severe Christmas disease. An antibody to factor IX had been present for 4 years before immunosuppressive therapy was tried. Despite profound lymphopenia, synthesis of factor IX antibody was not depressed. The difficulties of modifying the anamnestic response to factor IX by chemical immunosuppression may be as real as has been reported for factor VIII in classical haemophilia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036830"}
{"pmid": "1036831", "title": "Comparison of the actions of thrombin and the thrombin-like venom enzymes ancrod and batroxobin.", "content": "Comparison of the actions of thrombin and the thrombin-like venom enzymes ancrod and batroxobin. Thrombin acts on several coagulant proteins to produce products with physiologic, pharmacologic and pathologic potential. The most sensitive thrombin substrate seems to be factor VIII. Some thrombin dependent reactions studied in vitro and proposed as control reactions seem too insensitive to the action of thrombin to be of in vivo significance. The only enzymic reaction the thrombin-like venom enzymes, Ancrod and Batroxobin, have in common with thrombin is the removal of fibrinopeptide A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036831"}
{"pmid": "1036832", "title": "Properties of human tissue thromboplastins from brain, lung, arteries, and placenta.", "content": "Properties of human tissue thromboplastins from brain, lung, arteries, and placenta. Properties of purified and delipidated human tissue thromboplastins (TTPs) from brain (BTTP), lung (LTTP), arteries (ATTP) and placenta (PTTP) were studied. The extinction coefficients were closely similar with a mean value of 8.3 +/- 0.01 (SD). The molecular weights were 200,000 +/- 3,000 (SD) BTTP), 90,000 +/- 2,000 (SD) (LTTP), 110,000 +/- 3,000 (SD) (ATTP) and 250,000 +/- 4,000 (SD) (PTTP). The maximum activity of each delipidated TTP after relipidation was obtained when phospholipid-delipidated TTP ratio was 2.0, and the maximum specific activity was 440 units per mg BTTP, 270 units per mg LTTP, 80 units per mg ATTP and 600 units per mg PTTP. Ouchterlony analysis with anti-delipidated PTTP antibody showed the reaction of partial identity between delipidated TTPs and the antibody. Studies of the reactivity of I-125-delipidated TTPs with the antibody gave the following average values for % bound I-125-TTPs in 2 hours: 3.6 +/- 0.2(SD) % (I-125-BTTP), 11.0 +/- 0.3 (SD) % (I-125-LTTP), 4.4 +/- 0.2 (SD) % (I-125-ATTP) and 13.7 +/- 0.3 (SD) % (I-125-PTTP). It was also found that the antibody markedly neutralized the coagulant activity of saline extracts of brain, lung and placenta. These results indicate that delipidated BTTP, LTTP, ATTP and PTTP are different while being similar in some aspects and that complete TTPs are not coated with lipids in a manner inaccessible to anti-delipidated PTTP antibody.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036832"}
{"pmid": "1036833", "title": "A new era in the laboratory evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolysis.", "content": "A new era in the laboratory evaluation of coagulation and fibrinolysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036833"}
{"pmid": "1036834", "title": "Some observations on the preparation of platelet-rich plasma.", "content": "Some observations on the preparation of platelet-rich plasma. In order to prepare platelet-rich plasma a constant height and volume of citrated whole blood was centrifuged at different gravity forces and times. The supernatant plasmas were examined for platelet concentrations, plasma volumes and optical densities. Results are described showing that gravity force and time have an important influence on the platelet numbers and the plasma volumes recovered. The light attenuation by different concentrations of platelets in plasma, using light path lengths of 5 mm and 10 mm, was compared. The shorter light path provides greater linearity between optical density and platelet numbers especially at higher concentrations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036834"}
{"pmid": "1036835", "title": "Effects of matrix contact during gel filtration of human platelets in plasma.", "content": "Effects of matrix contact during gel filtration of human platelets in plasma. When gel filtration is used to transfer platelets from plasma into an established environment, alterations in platelet characteristics may result from the change in environment or from the effects of platelet contact with the gel matrix. To approach the problem of evaluating the relative contributions from these sources, a Sepharose 2B matrix was employed and platelets transferred from citrate anticoagulated PRP into autologous PPP to yield plasma-GFP. Platelet recoveries averaged 93%. PRP: plasma-GFP pairs were found to be indistinguishable with respect to: morphology; ADP, thrombin or collagen-induced aggregation response; uptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) or adenosine; and thrombin or collagen-induced release of accumulated 5-HT or adenosine. Pairs are distinguishable by prostaglandin E2 synthesis assayed immediately after filtration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036835"}
{"pmid": "1036836", "title": "Platelet dysfunction in migraine: effect of self-medication with aspirin.", "content": "Platelet dysfunction in migraine: effect of self-medication with aspirin. Circulating microembolic index (CMI) was determined by drawing one blood sample into EDTA-formalin and the other into DTA alone in patients with migraine and compared with matched normal controls. Platelet aggregates, if any, are fixed in EDTA-formalin but disaggregated by EDTA. Ratios of these two counts approximate \"unity\" in normals and are proportionately less than unity, depending on the number of platelet aggregates. 26 untreated migraineurs and 19 migraineurs with history of self-medication with aspirin taken within 72 hours of the test, were studied in headache-free intervals. Results were compared with those from 20 healthy, age and sex matched volunteers, without migraine, who were medication-free for at least one week. Mean CMI in untreated migraineurs (0.77 +/- 0.03 SEM) was significantly lower than the mean in normal controls (0.94 +/- 0.02, p. less than 0.002). Migraineurs with self administration of aspirin had mean CMI of 0.88 +/- 0.02, differing significantly from untreated migraineurs (p less than 0.01) but not from normal controls (0.1 less than p less than 0.2). Results suggest excessive platelet aggregation in migraineurs which tends to be corrected by treatment with platelet inhibitors such as aspirin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036836"}
{"pmid": "1036837", "title": "Effects of fasting on plasma and platelet-free fatty acids and platelet function in healthy males.", "content": "Effects of fasting on plasma and platelet-free fatty acids and platelet function in healthy males. 10 healthy male volunteers fasted for 72 hours. Their plasma concentration of free fatty acid increased more than two-fold, to 1.8 mmol/l. The number of reversible venous \"in vivo\" platelet aggregates increased significantly (p less than 0.01); this figure correlated with the concentration of long-chain saturated free fatty acid in plasma (p less than 0.02). The correlation with the amount of long-chain saturated free fatty acid plus oleic acid (18:1) was even better (p less than 0.01). Plasma PF-4 concentration increased, suggesting increased platelet release reaction. In spite of the plasma increase, total platelet FFA concentration was reduced and there was a change in the distribution of platelet free fatty acid which correlated with the degree of aggregation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036837"}
{"pmid": "1036838", "title": "Sedimentation and adhesion of platelets onto a horizontal glass surface.", "content": "Sedimentation and adhesion of platelets onto a horizontal glass surface. An experimental method for measuring platelet adhesion to a glass surface and platelet sedimentation rate is described. Anticoagulated platelet-rich plasma is placed on a horizontal glass slide for various contact periods. The number of platelets adhering to the slide per unit area is recorded as a function of time. The experimental results are used to verify theoretical predictions which account for the effect of the slow sedimentation rate of the platelets and for their escape over the potential barrier between them and the solid surface. By a least-squares fit of the theoretical equation to the experimental data, both the platelet adhesiveness, in terms of P the probability to overcome the potential barrier, and the platelet sedimentation rate V are evaluated. A range of values of P and V for healthy humans is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036838"}
{"pmid": "1036839", "title": "Inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by adenosine tetraphosphate.", "content": "Inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by adenosine tetraphosphate. In contrast to previous reports, highly purified adenosine tetraphosphate (AP4) does not induce the aggregation of platelets but inhibits the aggregation and release reaction in platelet-rich plasma promoted by ADP. The inhibitory action of AP4 on the aggregation by ADP is compared with that of AMP and ATP. The data presented suggest a competitive manner of inhibition of the ADP-induced aggregation by AP4.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036839"}
{"pmid": "1036840", "title": "Effect of platelet age on adhesiveness to collagen and platelet surface charge.", "content": "Effect of platelet age on adhesiveness to collagen and platelet surface charge. Adhesion to collagen was investigated as a function of platelet age in rat platelets. Platelet adherence was measured using EDTA-containing platelet- rich plasma which was added to preparations of collagen fibers clamped between magnetic stirrers by recording changes in light transmission. The plot of light transmission versus logarithm of time was linear and allowed calculation of a slope factor which related to the rate of adherence. Neither the amount of collagen nor the platelet count were limiting in the test. Young platelet populations (less than or equal to 1 day old) were obtained during the recovery phase from immune induced thrombocytopenia. Old platelet populations were prepared by blocking thrombopoiesis with cyclophosphamide. Young platelets showed a moderate but statistically significant increase in adhesivity to collagen but old platelets did not differ significantly from randomly aged platelets in this function. The electrophoretic mobility of platelets was not affected by their age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036840"}
{"pmid": "1036842", "title": "Platelet aggregation following defibrination with ancrod.", "content": "Platelet aggregation following defibrination with ancrod. In vitro platelet aggregation was studied in dogs following defibrination with Ancrod. There was marked inhibition of aggregation immediately after defibrination. A gradual return toward normal aggregation was observed over the 96 hours study period, but aggregation was still abnormal at 96 hours after defibrination. There was an inverse and highly significant correlation between aggregation and fibrin degradation product level. Fibrinogen was not measurable after defibrination for the entire study period. Aggregation was thus independent of fibrinogen concentration in this study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036842"}
{"pmid": "1036841", "title": "Inhibition of human and animal platelet adhesiveness to glass bead columns by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid.", "content": "Inhibition of human and animal platelet adhesiveness to glass bead columns by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid. The differences among human, rabbit and guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness as for inhibitions by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid are described, and the influence of measurement conditions on platelet adhesiveness is also reported. Platelet adhesiveness of human and animal species decreased with an increase of heparin concentrations and an increase of flow rate of blood passing through a glass bead column. Human and rabbit platelet adhesiveness was inhibited in vitro by adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine, but not by acetylsalicylic acid. On the other hand, guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness was inhibited by the four drugs including acetylsalicylic acid. In in vivo study, adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine inhibited platelet adhesiveness in rabbits and guinea-pigs. Acetylsalicylic acid showed the inhibitory effect in guinea-pigs, but not in rabbits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036841"}
{"pmid": "1036843", "title": "Physico-chemical explanation of blood cell adhesion in thrombus formation.", "content": "Physico-chemical explanation of blood cell adhesion in thrombus formation. A model is suggested which assumes that the rate of deposition of cells is determined both by hydrodynamic factors and by Brownian motion over the potential barrier caused by London and double-layer forces in the immediate vicinity of the deposition surface. The height of the barrier in the potential energy of interaction between blood cells and various surfaces is analyzed in relation to the physical properties of the cells, surfaces, and solutions. Based on this analysis, the adhesion of platelets to injured blood vessel walls and to non-biologic materials, the lack of adhesion of red blood cells under the same conditions, the mechanism of ADP induced aggregation and the interaction with blood flow are explained. The qualitative predictions of the model are substantiated by available experimental information. Quantitative results are presented in terms of a time constant, which typifies a period of contact with a surface, during which appreciable deposition occurs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036843"}
{"pmid": "1036844", "title": "An immunological method for detection of the carrier of hemophilia B.", "content": "An immunological method for detection of the carrier of hemophilia B. This paper presents the results of an immunological study of hemophilia B and its carriers which used two kinds of antibodies, a heterologous antibody of high specificity and a homologous antibody developed in a patient with severe hemophilia B. 1. The factor IX related antigen for hemophilia B could be determined by a neutralization test and not by a precipitation reaction. 2. The activity of factor IX in a definite carrier of hemophilia B was significantly lower than that of factor VIII in a definite carrier of hemophilia A. 3. In hemophilia B, there were no differences between the factor IX antigen determined by either the heterologous rabbit antibodies or the homologous antibodies. And there was no discrepancy between the factor IX antigen and the factor IX activity. Therefore, we cannot use this discrepancy for the detection of a carrier of hemophilia B. 4. However, there was a discrepancy between the factor IX antigen determined by the neutralization test and the factor IX procoagulant activity in the patients of both hemophilia BM and hemophilia B+. The identical results were obtained in the cases of carriers of both hemophilia BM and hemophilia B+. These facts are very useful for the detection of carriers of hemophilia BM and hemophilia B+.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036844"}
{"pmid": "1036845", "title": "Enhancement of fibrinolytic and thrombolytic potential in the rat by treatment with an anabolic steroid, furazabol.", "content": "Enhancement of fibrinolytic and thrombolytic potential in the rat by treatment with an anabolic steroid, furazabol. The effect of long-term ingestion of an anabolic steroid, furazabol, was studied on coagulo-fibrinolytic systems in the rat. During the administration of furazabol at the daily dose of 0.04, 0.2 or 1 mg/rat for 3 months, the most remarkable changes were increase in the plasminogen activator activity in blood and the lung tissue and decrease in plasma fibrinogen level as well as decrease in plasma cholesterol. It was a very important finding that in most of the rats the furazabol treatment was effective in reducing susceptibility to lactic acidosis-induced pulmonary thrombosis. No meaningful changes were observed in other parameters tested including ADP-induced platelet aggregability, plasma recalcification time, plasma plasminogen, plasma antiplasmin activity, plasminogen activator content of tissues other than the lungs and the release of vascular activator induced by venous occlusion. One month after cessation of the furazabol treatment, these altered parameters tended to return to normal. Independently on the furazabol treatment, highly significant positive correlation existed between the plasma activator activity and the pulmonary tissue activator content. This indicated that the major source of plasma activator in the rat was the lung tissue and that the furazabol treatment increased the circulating activator activity through enhancing activator content in the lungs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036845"}
{"pmid": "1036846", "title": "Hyperaggregability of platelets in thromboembolic disorders.", "content": "Hyperaggregability of platelets in thromboembolic disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036846"}
{"pmid": "1036847", "title": "Absorption of heparin by kaolin.", "content": "Absorption of heparin by kaolin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036847"}
{"pmid": "1036848", "title": "Linear regression technique.", "content": "Linear regression technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036848"}
{"pmid": "1036849", "title": "Fibre inadequately replaced by cellulose or other forms of roughage in animal experimental diets.", "content": "Fibre inadequately replaced by cellulose or other forms of roughage in animal experimental diets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036849"}
{"pmid": "1036855", "title": "Biogenesis and production of cycloheximide by Streptomyces species.", "content": "Biogenesis and production of cycloheximide by Streptomyces species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036855"}
{"pmid": "1036851", "title": "Geographical distribution of pediatric tumors.", "content": "Geographical distribution of pediatric tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036851"}
{"pmid": "1036868", "title": "The histological structure of dog knee menisci with comments on its possible significance.", "content": "The histological structure of dog knee menisci with comments on its possible significance. Knee-joint menisci are poorly understood terminologically, structurally and functionally in spite of their almost universal occurrence in mammals and their considerable clinical significance in man. A study was therefore undertaken of dog knee menisci utilizing several histological techniques. Terminologically, it is proposed that the part of the meniscus extending between the anterior and posterior horns and exclusive of them be called the meniscal \"body.\" Structurally, the horns and body differ in anumber of ways. The horns are oval in cross section, the body triangular. Hyalinized areas are much more frequent in the body than in the horns. The collagen of the horns is organized into discrete bundles that are separated from one another by loose connective tissue septa, while that of the body is arranged in a \"herringbone\" pattern; no septa are present in the body. Finally, the meniscal horns are richly supplied with blood vessels are nerves (including large myelinated fibers which apparently terminate in the horns) while the body is almost completely devoid of blood vessels and nerves. Functionally, it is hypothesized that knee-joint menisci may serve important sensory functions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036868"}
{"pmid": "1036869", "title": "Sex differences and psychiatric disorders.", "content": "Sex differences and psychiatric disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036869"}
{"pmid": "1036870", "title": "Race, achievement, and delinquency: a further look at Delinquency in a Birth Cohort.", "content": "Race, achievement, and delinquency: a further look at Delinquency in a Birth Cohort.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036870"}
{"pmid": "1036871", "title": "Economic strains and the coping functions of alcohol.", "content": "Economic strains and the coping functions of alcohol.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036871"}
{"pmid": "1036874", "title": "Anemia of azaribine in the treatment of psoriasis.", "content": "Anemia of azaribine in the treatment of psoriasis. Azaribine is an effective agent in the treatment of psoriasis. In this investigation the extent of clinical dermatologic remission appeared to correlate with the degree of metabolic block induced by 6-azauridylic acid, as quantitated by the urinary excretion of orotic acid and orotidine, and the development of anemia. Following azaribine therapy there was a coordinate rise of the specific activities of erythrocyte orotate phosphoribosyltransferase and orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase. There was no correlation between the pretreatment activity of these enzymes and the clinical response to azaribine. The anemia of azaribine therapy was mile and of a megaloblastic type. Uridine effectively corrected the azaribine-induced anemia, but led to exacerbation of the patients' psoriasis. Following uridine therapy there was a reduction in the urinary excretion of orotic acid and orotidine, presumable reflecting end-product inhibition or repression of the first steps of a repeated pyrimidine biosynthesis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036874"}
{"pmid": "1036876", "title": "Vitamin A in times of disaster.", "content": "Vitamin A in times of disaster.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036876"}
{"pmid": "1036877", "title": "Ultrastructural study of testis in testicular feminization.", "content": "Ultrastructural study of testis in testicular feminization. Testicular tissue was investigated by electron microscopy in a case of testicular feminization. The seminiferous tubules were lined by spermatogonia and by Sertoli cells. Spermatocytic maturation was not observed. Leydig cells were numerous and contained well developed, abundant vesicular smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and large mitochondria with tubulovesicular cristae. Reinke crystalloids were absent. The ultrastructural findings were consistent with the assumption that Leydig cells were under adequate stimulation and were in a stage of active secretion. Hence, the results seem to indicate that testicular endocrine function was maintained in the studied case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036877"}
{"pmid": "1036878", "title": "The ultrastructure of the interstitial cells in human fetal ovaries.", "content": "The ultrastructure of the interstitial cells in human fetal ovaries. Steroid-active interstitial cells (stromal lutein cells) in human fetal ovaries of 12, 15 and 22 weeks of gestation were studied by means of electron microscope. The large cells, which are predominantly situated in the vicinity of capillaries, show high structural similarity to Leydig cells (type A) of the fetal testis. Both are characterized by extensively development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, accumulation of lipids, and numerous mitochondria of the tubular type containing osmiophilic inclusions. Whether the interstitial cell system of the fetal ovary has any specific function in developmental physiology of the genital system cannot be decided on the basis of the present results. Its differentiation may only indicate adequate response of competent mesenchymal cells to gonadotropic stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036878"}
{"pmid": "1036882", "title": "Investigations into the preservation of human ovaries by means of a cryoprotectivum.", "content": "Investigations into the preservation of human ovaries by means of a cryoprotectivum. Human ovaries in the phase of follicular ripening were treated by means of a cryoprotectivum immediately after their removal. They were kept at --18degrees C for up to 8 weeks. After having gradually been thawed the ovaries were in vitro connected to a perfusion system. When completely revitalized they were examined in the steady-state for their metabolic behaviour. It was found that in comparison with the untreated controls, depending on the period of preservation, the oxygen consumption and the estrogen secretion had decreased, while the glucose absorption and lactate production had increased. As a morphological substrate a minor oedema was established in the tissue in the histological control after a preservation period of 2 months. This was mainly localized around the arteries. The method can be regarded as suitable for the preservation of ovaries for a limited period of time. It is possible to maintained a metabolism that can still be regarded as functioning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036882"}
{"pmid": "1036884", "title": "A trend in the therapy of Amanita phalloides poisoning.", "content": "A trend in the therapy of Amanita phalloides poisoning. Recent experimental evidences have been produced on the protection afforded by penicillin G in rats poisoned by Amanita phalloides extracts. A therapeutic trend which combines penicillin G infusions to the classical supportive measures was applied to 33 cases of severe A. phalloides poisoning, with 100% survival rates. The possible mechanism of the protective effect of penicillin G in A. phalloides poisoning is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036884"}
{"pmid": "1036885", "title": "The effect of N-alkyl groups of substituted phenyl-N-alkyl carbamates on the inhibition of human plasma cholinesterase.", "content": "The effect of N-alkyl groups of substituted phenyl-N-alkyl carbamates on the inhibition of human plasma cholinesterase. The inhibition constants for human plasma cholinesterase (dissociation, carbamylation, decarbamylation, overall bimolecular rate constants) were determined for two series of substituted phenyl-N-alkyl carbamates. N-propyl carbamates were found to be better inhibitors than the corresponding compounds carrying smaller N-alkyl groups. In both series the carbamylation constants of N-ethyl carbamates were lower than those of the N-methyl and N-propyl analogues, whereas the decarbamylation constants of the former were found to be higher than those of the latter carbamates. The experimental results obtained with human plasma cholinesterase are compared with published inhibition constants determined for several types of acetylcholinesterases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036885"}
{"pmid": "1036886", "title": "A death case involving tilidine.", "content": "A death case involving tilidine. A fatal poisoning case due to the combination of a relative overdose of barbiturates (600 mg daily) and 750 mg of tilidine is reported. The concentrations of barbiturates and tilidine with its metabolites were determined in blood, liver, and urine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036886"}
{"pmid": "1036887", "title": "Metabolic and toxic behavior of phthalimide derivates. I. Fate of imidan in the fetus.", "content": "Metabolic and toxic behavior of phthalimide derivates. I. Fate of imidan in the fetus. The organophosphate insecticide imidan includes a phthalimide group. Because of the structural relationship to the teratogenic compound thalidomide we have investigated its placental transfer and metabolic fate in rats. Its passage to embryonic tissues could be confirmed. After intraamniotic injection to the first amniotic cavity of the left uteri we could establish a distribution of imidan and 32P compounds throughout the uteri, the concentration depending upon the incubation time and the distances from the place of injection. The half-life of imidan, detected in the exterioized fetuses or in newborns, was 50--70 min. Imidoxon, i.e., the oxidized form of imidan, has a diminished half-life. This fact explicates the presence of imidoxon only in small concentrations after application of imidan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036887"}
{"pmid": "1036888", "title": "Therapeutic effects of some cholinolytics in organophosphate intoxications.", "content": "Therapeutic effects of some cholinolytics in organophosphate intoxications. The therapeutic effects of pipethanate (sycotrol) and two newly synthetized cholinolytics, DPX-8 and ANC-51, were compared with atropine in mice poisoned by DDVP, fluostigmine, phospholine, and paraoxon. The antagonistic activotagonistic activity of tested drugs against acetylcholine-induced contraction of rat ileum and oxotremorine-induced salivation and tremor in the mouse was also studied. The anticholinergic activity of pipethanate, DPX-8, and ANC-51 was weaker than that of atropine. However,the therapeutic effect of pipethanate was higher than that of atropine in mice poisoned by the organophosphates. DPX-8 and ANC-51 afforded a better antidotal effect than atropine only in DDVP-poisoned mice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036888"}
{"pmid": "1036889", "title": "A universally applicable rapid bromine test.", "content": "A universally applicable rapid bromine test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036889"}
{"pmid": "1036890", "title": "Experimental manganese lymphadenopathy in guinea pigs.", "content": "Experimental manganese lymphadenopathy in guinea pigs. Experimental manganese lymphadenopathy was produced by guinea pigs by intratracheal inoculation of manganese dioxide (50 mg/300 g body weight) and histopathologic changes in the tracheobronchial lymph nodes were studied up to 180 days. There was slow extracellular transport of manganese dust into the nodes, which did not provoke any significant reaction at early periods. However, at later periods the nodes exhibited a significant increase in the density of dust particles and the reaction consisted of phagocytosis, degeneration of dust laden macrophages, slight proliferation of fibroblasts, together with some reticulinosis corresponding to deposits of dust particles. The significance of these findings have been discussed from the chronic toxicity viewpoint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036890"}
{"pmid": "1036891", "title": "Biotransformation of As(III) to As(V) and arsenic tolerance.", "content": "Biotransformation of As(III) to As(V) and arsenic tolerance. The paper deals with excretion of As(III) and As(V) in the urine of mice exposed to a toxic concentration of As(III) (250 mg/1) in drinking water. After the exposures of 2, 6, and 8 days, the mice were given i.m. a solution of 74As(III) labeled sodium arsenite in a dose of 1.3 mg As(III)/kg b.w. and an activity of 3 muCi/l ml. After the sacrifice of the animal, the urine was drawn off directly from the bladder. The urine samples were subjected to separation of As(III) from As(V) by using a paper radiochromatography technique. The results showed that unexposed control mice excreted one-half of the administered As(III) in the form of As(V). Mice exposed to arsenic in drinking water exceted already, after 2 days of exposure, four-fifths of the applied As(III) in the form of As(V), after 4 days of exposure the proportion of As(V) was more than 95%, and after 8 days of exposure only traces of As(III) were present. The authors discussed the possibility of the biotransformation of As(III) to As(V) on arsenic tolerance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036891"}
{"pmid": "1036892", "title": "In vitro system for toxicological studies on the development of mammalian limb buds in a chemically defined medium.", "content": "In vitro system for toxicological studies on the development of mammalian limb buds in a chemically defined medium. In organ culture systems using the Trowell setup, morphogenetic differentiation (which largely mimics the development reached in vivo within 2--3 days) can be obtained in limb buds of mouse embryos during a culture period of 6 days. We succeeded in improving the technique and in achieving good differentiation of the limb buds in a chemically defined culture medium from which all additions of the heterologous serum used in previous studies were omitted. With this technique of using a chemically defined medium, the following results were obtained: (1) A high degree of reproducibility can be obtained in the grade of differentiation if the experimental conditions are standardized and limb buds of the same developmental stage (somite stage) are used. (2) The technique is applicable to species other than mice, such as rats and rabbits, however, the results obtained so far are not so satisfactory as those acquired with mouse limb buds. (3) In an attempt to offer some colloid osmotic pressure, macromolecules like polyvinylpyrrolidone (Periston), polydextrans (Macrodex) or polypeptides (Haemaccel) were added to the culture medium. None of these macromolecules had a beneficial effect on the differentiation of the limb buds in vitro; in the case of Macrodex the differentiation was even impaired. (4) In comparison with the development in a serum-containing medium, the results attained with a chemically defined medium are just as good when judged from microscopical and some biochemical studies (total content of DNA, RNA, protein, and protein-bound hydroxyproline in the explants). The applicability of the test system for the evaluation of embryotoxic effects is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036892"}
{"pmid": "1036894", "title": "Determination of dextropropoxyphene and norpropoxyphene in autopsy material by gas chromatography.", "content": "Determination of dextropropoxyphene and norpropoxyphene in autopsy material by gas chromatography. A gas chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of dextropropoxyphene and norpropoxyphene in autopsy material is described. The esters were hydrolyzed before the final determination. The mass spectra of the hydrolyzed esters are presented together with the results of an investigation of 6 cases of fatal intoxications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036894"}
{"pmid": "1036895", "title": "X-ray crystallographic and gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric studies on norpropoxyphene.", "content": "X-ray crystallographic and gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric studies on norpropoxyphene. The crystal structure of norpropoxyphene maleate is presented. The conformation is discussed in relation to similar compounds. A gas chromatographic--mass spectrometric investigation indicates that earlier proposed metabolites may be formed during the gas chromatographic separation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036895"}
{"pmid": "1036896", "title": "Introduction to the symposium \"What is the importance of chronobiology in toxicology and pharmacology?", "content": "Introduction to the symposium \"What is the importance of chronobiology in toxicology and pharmacology?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036896"}
{"pmid": "1036897", "title": "Circadian fluctuations in the activity of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases I and II in the nuclei isolated from mouse tissues and the significance for pharmacological and toxicological studies on transcription.", "content": "Circadian fluctuations in the activity of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases I and II in the nuclei isolated from mouse tissues and the significance for pharmacological and toxicological studies on transcription. For pharmacological and toxicological studies on the effect of drugs on transcriptional processes the basic fluctuation in activity during a 24-h period must be known. We have measured the activity of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in cell fractions from mice kept under defined dark/light and feeding schedules. The following results have been obtained: 1. Circadian variations in the activity of RNA polymerases are especially pronounced in the nuclei of liver tissue. These changes depend predominantly on feeding habits and they are comparatively independent on the dark/light schedule. A maximum in the activity of nuclear DNA dependent RNA polymerases can be observed shortely after the beginning of the feeding period. 2. The nuclei isolated from other tissues, such as brain, kidney or embryos during the late stage of embryogenesis shown considerably smaller, if any, fluctuations in connection with the feeding habits. These tissues seem to be especially suitable for pharmacological or toxicological studies on transcriptional processes. 3. While both nuclear DNA-dependent RNA polymerases shown a strong dependence on the feeding habits no obvious circadian viriations can be observed in the activity of the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase localized in the mitochondrial fractions of the same tissue. The regulation of these polymerases in different cell compartments apparently occurs quite independently. The conclusions for the design of experiments on induction processes occurring in liver tissues, drawn from the results presented, are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036897"}
{"pmid": "1036898", "title": "Possible influences of circadian rhythms in experimental carcinogenesis.", "content": "Possible influences of circadian rhythms in experimental carcinogenesis. The induction of tumours by chemical carcinogens depends not only on the chemical structure of the substance but also on biological properties of the target cell population, such as enzyme patterns, DNA repair mechanisms and the proliferative state of the cells. Interference with any of these processes can theoretically affect the tumour yield, as can variations due to biological rhythms. A series of investigations of circadian and circannual rhythms in the hairless mouse epidermis (hr/hr) is reviewed. DNA synthesis as well as the mitotic rate undergo great variations in the course of a 24-h period. The respiration and glycolysis in this epidermis undergo strong circannual variations. Evidence that the eventual tumour development after methylcholanthrene application to the skin is modified by circadian variations in DNA synthesis is presented and discussed in relation to pertinent data from other cell systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036898"}
{"pmid": "1036899", "title": "Genetic and hormonal regulation of steroid hydroxylases and drug metabolizing enzymes in rat liver.", "content": "Genetic and hormonal regulation of steroid hydroxylases and drug metabolizing enzymes in rat liver. Two microsomal steroid hydroxylase activities (cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase and progesterone-16alpha-hydroxylase) were measured in the livers of Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats and compared to three other monooxygenase activities (aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, p-nitro-anisole-O-demethylase and aminopyrine-N-demethylase). Cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase behaves in a very unique manner. It is the only one of the studied enzymes to be more active in the female than in the male, it is very poorly induced by phenobarbital and methylcholanthrene, but responds quickly to the administration of glucocorticoids. In fact, the cholesterol-7alpha-hydroxylase activity presents a very pronounced circadian rhythm which is under the control of the hypothalamo-adrenal axis. Marked differences are also found in the response of the various enzymatic activities to the administration of inducers as well as in their relative activities in untreated male and female animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036899"}
{"pmid": "1036900", "title": "The circadian rhythm of synthesis and catabolism of cholesterol.", "content": "The circadian rhythm of synthesis and catabolism of cholesterol. The circadian rhythms of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase (low values, during light, rising in the evening with maximum at 12.00 p.m.) are investigated in rats under diverse conditions. Intragastral administration of cholestyramine (bile acid-absorbing resin) leads to an increased rhythm of both enzymes. Feeding of cholic acid (or cholesterol) reduces the activity of both enzymes (of HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase, respectively). In starved rats enzyme activity and time of day is proportional to the metabolism of a substrate.ies are lowered, too; a damped rhythm reappears after 24 h. A 20% fat diet (containing saturated fatty acids predominantly) markedly reduces the high values. Enzyme activities inhabited after thyroidectomy can be normalized by thyroxin substitution. Thyroxin administration in the normal remains without effect. Four-day insulin treatment of the normal inhibits cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase, has no effect on HMG-CoA reductase. In the untreated diabetic rat cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase is increased, HMG-CoA reductase significantly inhibited. Insulin treatment of the diabetic animal results in normalized values of HMG-CoA reductase whilst cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase is nearly completely suppressed. The rate-limiting enzymes of cholesterol turnover are peripherally regulated by their products via a negative feedback. In contrast, hormones may have synergistic or opposite effects; thus they may represent means of higher regulation. All regulative possibilities discussed (except hypophysectomy) do modifiy the circadian rhythms. This cannot be demonstrated after hypophysectomy. After hypophysectomy circadian rhythms are not detectable any more. To get valid data about biochemical or pharmacological effects on these enzymes the circadian viriations have to be considered by measuring at different times of day (e.g. fat diet); for only the area of enzyme activit", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036900"}
{"pmid": "1036901", "title": "The manipulation of circadian rhythms.", "content": "The manipulation of circadian rhythms. In a study on male Wistar (TNO) rats kept under phase-shifted light-dark (12:12) conditions, it was demonstrated that the circadian rhythms of the following functions were effectively synchronized to the new lighting regimen: (a) body temperature, gross motor activity (after 1 week of acclimatization); (b) stomach weight, liver weight, liver glycogen, liver protein and acid phosphatase activity; serum corticosterone, glucose, total protein and inorganic phosphatase (after 4-6 weeks; as concluded from the data pooled of a sex of identical experiments); (c) the in vivo toxicity of approximately LD50 amounts (i.p.) for antimycin A and of E 600. In the individual experiments the various normal functions appeared to be different with respect to sensitivity to light. The overall pooled results indicated that, except for glycogen, the 24-h means of the normal values in the stomach, liver and serum were slightly decreased when compared to the respective means obtained from standard LD (= light: 6:00-18:00)-conditioned control groups (P less than 0.001 for liver weight, liver protein, serum protein and inorganic phosphate). The experimental animals revealed an intermediate or persisting decrease of the growth rate. From the serial biological and toxicological studies performed in the course of 1 year, it is concluded that the synchronizing effect of an altered lighting regiment may be influenced by seasonal factors...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036901"}
{"pmid": "1036902", "title": "Circadian rhythm of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the rat.", "content": "Circadian rhythm of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the rat. The 24 h-course of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), plasma corticosterone concentration (PCC) and of the urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and aldosterone was investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats under different experimental conditions. The data obtained can be summarized as follows: 1. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) of the rat is subject to a circadian rhythm which is largely in phase with the well-known rhythm of the pituitary-adrenal axis. This rhythm can be demonstrated in PRA as well as in plasma concentrations and urinary excretion rates of aldosterone. The rhythm of urinary excretion of electrolytes is unlikely to be due to the rhythm of aldosterone secretion. 2. The light-dark cycle is the main synchronizer for these rhythms: inverting the light-dark cycle for 5 weeks entirely inverts the rhythms of all the parameters cited. 3. A dissociation of the rhythms of PRA and PAC can be observed following sodium restriction or dexamethasone treatment. A role of ACTH IN regulating the rhythmic pattern of aldosterone secretion is suggested by the finding that PAC and PCC follow the same pattern of circadian variations under every experimental condition tested. 4. The responsiveness of the RAAS to stimulation or suppression varies with the time of day. 5. It is suggested that experiments ought to be performed not only during the inactive (light hours) but also during the active (dark hours) phase when investigating the RAAS in the rat. This can conveniently be achieved by the use of an animal room with a reversed lighting regime.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036902"}
{"pmid": "1036903", "title": "Circadian influences on clinical values in man.", "content": "Circadian influences on clinical values in man. 1. The circadian patterns of clinically relevant parameters were studied in 109 young, healthy soldiers. 2. Erythrocytes, hematocrit, creatinine and cortisol exhibited very stable rhythmic patterns which were found by continuous examinations of the same persons as well as in examinations of different persons at different times. 3. The rhythmic patterns of leukocytes, blood glucose and body temperature were strongly influenced by stress caused by the first confrontation with an unknown hospital-like situation or by pain caused by blood sampling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036903"}
{"pmid": "1036904", "title": "The relevance of drug-induced organ pigmentation in animals.", "content": "The relevance of drug-induced organ pigmentation in animals. Postmortem examination of animals from long-term safety evaluation studies often reveals pigment deposition in tissues. A review of several such observations is given and the possible chemical backgrounds of their origin are described, in an attempt to aid the determination of relevance in individual cases. It is suggested that one may be fairly broad-minded in the interpretation of the relevance of such pigments, especially if they are found only in one species, and have no influence on the function of the organs involved. A final answer comes only after administration of the particular drug to man, although he is normally dosed at all events one should not overvalue the relevance of pigmentation found in long-term animal studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036904"}
{"pmid": "1036905", "title": "Teratogenicity and embryotoxicity of some maleinimides.", "content": "Teratogenicity and embryotoxicity of some maleinimides. Maleinimide, the teratogenic structural \"central part\" of the thalidomide molecule, and 5 of its dichloro- and dibromo-derivatives have been investigated teratologically by tests on SWS mice. According to both the electrophilic properties and the spatial requirements of the substituents, the effects were found to be up to 100 times stronger than those of thalidomide, and up to 10 times stronger than those of phthalimide respectively. The results are referred to the distinct electron-acceptor behavior of the maleinimide compounds, which--due to their flat molecular structures--are able to intercalate into the DNA double helix forming EDA complexes with nucleic acid bases as electron-donor molecules. The results can be interpreted as another confirmation of Jönsson's intercalation hypothesis of the thalidomide action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036905"}
{"pmid": "1036906", "title": "Neurotoxic effects of dichloroacetylene.", "content": "Neurotoxic effects of dichloroacetylene. In inhalation tests involving lethal as well as sublethal doses of dias examined in rabbits by means ofhistologic and neurofunctional methods. Histologic examination revealed chromatolysis, disintegration of Nissl bodies, and cell shrinkage in proportion to the doses employed in the nuclei of the unpaired brain stem, in the sensory cortical regions and especially in the sensory cranial nerve nuclei. The sensory trigeminal nucleus was involved most severely, followed in decreasing intensity 0y the facial and oculomotor nerves and the motor trigeminal nucleus; the least changes were observed in the acoustic nerve. By testing the protopathic sensitivity of the facial skin it was possible for the first time to produce evidence of a sensory loss in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve by animal experimentation. The neuropathological and functional deficits observed may explain the cranial nerve lesions in human DCA intoxication; however, these lesions seem to be less distinct in experimental animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036906"}
{"pmid": "1036907", "title": "Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry as a rapid screening technique for heavy metal intoxications.", "content": "Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry as a rapid screening technique for heavy metal intoxications. This paper describes a relatively simple and rapid analytical procedure capable to carry out systematic screening for 10 heavy metals, namely mercury, bismuth, antimony, copper, lead, tin, thallium, indium, cadmium and zinc. Differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry was chosen because of its simplicity, speed, low cost, low detection limits, screening potential for a wide selection of metals and the combined qualitative and quantitative output. The method of identification is based on measuring peak potentials in 2 different types of electrolyte solution, using 2 different electrodes. Complexing agents are used to mask certain elements.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036907"}
{"pmid": "1036908", "title": "Binding of inorganic mercury by subcellllar fractions and proteins of rat kidneys.", "content": "Binding of inorganic mercury by subcellllar fractions and proteins of rat kidneys. Inorganic mercury, administered to rats in a single dose of 0.5 mg Hg/kg is accumulated in the kidneys mainly in the soluble (54%) and nuclear (30%) fractions, showing decreasing tendency with time. Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions, initially accumulating approx. 11 and 6% of total Hg, show a tendency to increase the absolute level of Hg for the first week after administration. In the soluble fraction low-molecular weight, metallothioneinlike proteins are mainly responsible for the accumulation of mercury, in other fractions proteins of higher molecular weight prevail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036908"}
{"pmid": "1036910", "title": "Irreversible protein binding of 14C-imipramine in rats in vivo.", "content": "Irreversible protein binding of 14C-imipramine in rats in vivo. Forty-eight hours after a single dose of 14C-imipramine to rats, 14C-radioactivity could be measured in the following organs: liver greater than kidney greater than serum greater than fat greater than spleen greater than duodenum greater than lung greater than muscle and brain. Liver microsomes contained the main part of radioactivity derived from 14C-imipramine. After exhaustive extraction, only the proteins of liver, kidney, spleen, lung and serum contained measurable amounts of radioactive labeling. The greatest amount of 14C-imipramine irreversibly bound to proteins was detected in liver microsomes. The question, as to whether the irreversible protein binding of imipramine, if it occurs during therapy, results in toxic side-effects, is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036910"}
{"pmid": "1036911", "title": "Myocardial infarction due to mycotic coronary arterial aneurysm.", "content": "Myocardial infarction due to mycotic coronary arterial aneurysm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036911"}
{"pmid": "1036913", "title": "Release of highly soluble substances from inert matrices in cases of two-sided attack of the solvent.", "content": "Release of highly soluble substances from inert matrices in cases of two-sided attack of the solvent. The present work is an extension of some of our earlier investigations on the release of soluble substances in inert matrices. There have been described the cases of two-sided attack on the inert matrices (PVC and PE) by the solvent. The theoretical considerations of the cases for the two-sided attack were experimentally confirmed. The values of the diffusion coefficients, which correspond to the calculated ones in the cases of one-sided attack, were calculated as well.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036913"}
{"pmid": "1036914", "title": "Spectral mapping, a technique for classifying biological activity profiles of chemical compounds.", "content": "Spectral mapping, a technique for classifying biological activity profiles of chemical compounds. A mathematical technique is described that separates potency from spectral information in biological activity spectra. The technique is a preliminary step in the classification of chemical compounds and in the structuring of pharmacological assays. The method is illustrated using previously reported results on 40 neuroleptics in 12 assays on rats. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis are shown to provide complementing information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036914"}
{"pmid": "1036916", "title": "Classification of psychoactive drugs by visually evoked potentials in rabbits by means of multiple discriminant analysis. A possible way of predicting the clinical efficacy of new psychoactive drugs.", "content": "Classification of psychoactive drugs by visually evoked potentials in rabbits by means of multiple discriminant analysis. A possible way of predicting the clinical efficacy of new psychoactive drugs. The influence of representatives of various groups of antipsychotic drugs on the visually evoked potential (EP) was investigated with the aid of a modified recording and evaluation technique for the rabbit EEG from cortical and subcortical structures. The starting point was the hypothesis that changes in the EP in animal experiments caused by representative members of these \"substance groups\" (neuroleptics with predominantly antipsychotic or predominantly sedative effect, and antidepressants with predominantly mood-brightening or predominantly sedative main components) make predictions of the clinical efficacy of \"unknown\" substances possible on the basis of clinical therapeutic principles of classification. Experiments were carried out with haloperidol and fluphenazine, chlorpromazine, amitriptyline and doxepin, and with imipramine and clomipramine, as representatives of these classes of substances. The hypothesis was checked by attempts to assign amitriptyline and chlorprothixene in varying dosage, haloperidol, benzperidol and mianserine to appropriate classes. As classification and assignment procedure we used stepwise multiple discriminant analysis (SWDA) according to our modification of the BMD 0 7 M Program. The purpose of the latter program, and its applicability to our studies, are described and discussed. It was found 1. that with EP data from animal experiments it is possible to classify various groups of psychoactive drugs on the basis of clinical therapeutic findings, using SWDA; 2. that assignment of \"unknown\" compounds can be based on this classification; 3. that hence with some caution predictions of the clinical effect of newly developed substances may be made on the basis of findings in animal experiments. The EP variables which contain most information for making up the separation formula and hence are of special importance, are investigated with respect to their possible neurophysiological evidential value, and their significance is discussed. It was found that the EP from the visual cortex are of particular significance for the separation of groups in the form presented here.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036916"}
{"pmid": "1036918", "title": "Differences in the cardiac actions of the calcium antagonists verapamil and nifedipine.", "content": "Differences in the cardiac actions of the calcium antagonists verapamil and nifedipine. 1. It was investigated whether the calcium antagonistic coronary drugs verapamil and nifedipine have similar antiarrhythmic properties. Their effects on functional refractory period and contractile force in the isolated left guinea pig atrium were compared. To assess their influence on myocardial excitability the relation between threshold voltage and pulse duration was studied in the left guinea pig atrium. Furthermore, the influence on AV conduction was investigated in the conscous dog in haemodynamically equieffective dose ranges. 2. Verapamil as well as nifedipine cause a dose-dependent prolongation of the functional refractory period in the isolated left guinea pig atrium. The slope of the dose-response curve of nifedipine is, however, significantly less steep than that of verapamil. Maximum prolongation of refractory period which can be induced by nifedipine is significantly inferior to that occurring after verapamil; under nifedipine this prolongation is, however, accompanied by a significantly greater reduction in contractility. 3. In the isolated left guinea pig atrium the voltage-duration curve is shifted to the right and the chronaxia value is significantly increased by verapamil. Even in the highest dose possible nifedipine has no effect on atrial excitability. 4. In the conscious dog verapamil considerably prolongs AV conduction time whereas a moderate yet dose-dependent shortening of PQ duration is observed with equieffective nifedipine doses regarding the decrease in blood pressure and increase in heart rate. 5. The results indicate that nifedipine does not exert antiarrhythmic effects comparable to those of verapamil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036918"}
{"pmid": "1036920", "title": "Experiments on the detection of the carcinogenic N-nitroso-dimethylamine in the urine of rats after oral administration of the analgesic amidopyrine and nitrite.", "content": "Experiments on the detection of the carcinogenic N-nitroso-dimethylamine in the urine of rats after oral administration of the analgesic amidopyrine and nitrite. N-Nitroso-dimethylamine (NDMA) was excreted unchanged in the urine of rats after oral administration of the compound in amounts ranging from 0.003% at a dose of 2 mg/kg to 0.08% at a dose of 15 mg/kg. By measurement of the NDMA excreted after oral administration of amidopyrine and nitrite, the extent of nitrosation in vivo was estimated to be about 30%. For clinical investigation of NDMA formation in patients treated with amidopyrine, however, we consider this method to be too insensitive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036920"}
{"pmid": "1036922", "title": "Secretion and irrigation of gastric mucosa during disulfiram effect. Experimental study in the dog.", "content": "Secretion and irrigation of gastric mucosa during disulfiram effect. Experimental study in the dog. The effect of ethyl alcohol and disulfiram (Antabuse) on the secretion and the irrigation of an isolated and denervated gastric pouch has been studied in the dog. In these conditions, disulfiram increased the differential acidity; the association of ethanol with disulfiram impaired the proteolytic activity of the secretion and induced a hyperirrigation of the gastric mucosa more definite than with ethanol alone. Effects on ethanol absorption from stomach are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036922"}
{"pmid": "1036923", "title": "Pharmacological properties of thiazolinobutazone (LAS 11 871). III. General pharmacology, ulcerogenic effects and acute toxicity.", "content": "Pharmacological properties of thiazolinobutazone (LAS 11 871). III. General pharmacology, ulcerogenic effects and acute toxicity. 2-Thiazoline - 2 - ammonium-4-n-butyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedionate (thiazolinobutazone, LAS 11 871, Fordonal) has been compared with phenylbutazone in a variety of pharmacological tests with a view to side effects and toxicity. Thiazolinobutazone was the less toxic (acute LD50) and the less ulcerogenic molecule of the two and, in contrast to phenylbutazone, was not antidiuretic. Some signs of activity on the autonomic and somatic nervous systems were seen following high doses of thiazolinobutazone which appeared to be related to inhibition of cholinesterases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036923"}
{"pmid": "1036924", "title": "Bromperidol, a new potent neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series. A comparison of the effects of bromperidol and haloperidol in intracranial self-stimulation.", "content": "Bromperidol, a new potent neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series. A comparison of the effects of bromperidol and haloperidol in intracranial self-stimulation. Bromperidol, a new potent and long-acting neuroleptic of the butyrophenone series, and haloperidol were injected s.c. at the doses 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.08 mg/kg, in rats implanted with electrodes in the lateral hypothalamic region of the medial forebrain bundle. A dose-related response inhibition was found with both compounds and the graphically estimated ED50 value was 0.041 mg/kg for bromperidol and 0.047 mg/kg for haloperidol. These data are in complete agreement with our previous findings that bromperidol is a new potent and specific neuroleptic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036924"}
{"pmid": "1036926", "title": "The effect of rifamycin SV on the wound-healing process.", "content": "The effect of rifamycin SV on the wound-healing process. The influence of rifamycin SV on the healing process of a wound was studied in animal experiments. Measurement of the degree of cicatrization, determination of the free hydroxyproline in serum, and histological findings helped to demonstrate that local application of rifamycin SV leads to an increased fibrinous conglutination of the lips of the wound at an early phase of the healing process and the subsequent formation of fibres in the regenerative tissue is not impaired.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036926"}
{"pmid": "1036930", "title": "Pharmacokinetics of coumarin upon i.v. administration in man.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics of coumarin upon i.v. administration in man. The disposition pharmacokinetics of coumarin has been studied after i.v. administration in man, and might be described best by an open two-compartment model. Three dose sizes have been studied, 0.125, 0.2 and 0.25 mg/kg. The mean biological half-life was found to be 1.81, 1.45 and 1.49 h, respectively, for the three dose sizes. Coumarin is extensively distributed. The volume of the central compartment apparently comprises the extracellular and intracellular fluid. The study indicates dose-dependent (non-linear) pharmacokinetics with respect to distribution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036930"}
{"pmid": "1036931", "title": "Cobalt-induced experimental epilepsy in cats pharmacologically immunodepressed. An EEG and histological study.", "content": "Cobalt-induced experimental epilepsy in cats pharmacologically immunodepressed. An EEG and histological study. The authors made 11 adult cats epileptic by implanting cobalt powder on the left sensorimotor cortex. Some of the animals were treated with the immunodepressant drug, cyclophosphamide (Endoxan), before and after surgery, and others were not. Then the two groups of animals were compared in terms of EEG and histopathological findings. The treatedanimals showed a definite reduction of focal electrical activity both primary and secondary, and a much milder perifocal parvicellular infiltration and cerebral edema. In view of these findings, the authors suggest that in addition to other well-known factors, the pathogenesis of cobalt-induced experimental epilepsy involves immunological mechanisms triggered by the release of nerve tissue antigens as a result of tissue injury caused by cobalt. This would result in the formation of antibodies directed against several brain constituents. Last, the authors submit that a similar autoimmune mechanism may be at play also in the pathogenesis of some forms of focal epilepsy of traumatic origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036931"}
{"pmid": "1036950", "title": "The uptake of potassium ions into isolated heart mitochondria in the presence of calcium ions and k-strophanthin.", "content": "The uptake of potassium ions into isolated heart mitochondria in the presence of calcium ions and k-strophanthin. The conditions of potassium transport were investigated in isolated rabbit hear mitochondria. In the presence of 5 to 40 mM potassium chloride there is a rapid initial phase of potassium influx of less than 2 min duration in which 65-75% of the total K+ uptake occurs. This is followed by a slow phase of K+ uptake of about 45 min during which 25 to 35% of the total potassium was taken up. While the rapid phase is due to passive diffusion, the slow phase is an active process which requires either ATP or respiratory substrates as an energy source. It can be totally abolished by 0.5 mM antimycin A. An increase of the calcium concentration in the incubation medium to more than 5 X 10(-5)M resulted in an inhibition of the energy-dependent uptake of potassium which was directly proportional to the calcium level. k-Strophanthin induced a distinct inhibition only at very high concentration  (greater than 10(-4)M). The inhibition of potassium uptake by 1. 3 or 5 mM calcium chloride was gradually cancelled by increasing k-strophanthin concentrations above 10(-8)M. Maximal cancellation was found with 10(-5)M of k-strophanthin. This concentration almost completely prevented the inhibition by calcium ions. On the other hand, 10(-5)M k-strophanthin had no inhibitory effect on the energy-dependent uptake of 0.5 mumoles of calcium chloride or on the oxidative phosphorylation of 0.5 mumoles of ADP added to the incubation medium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036950"}
{"pmid": "1036951", "title": "Cardiovascular effects of an antiarrhythmic aminosteroid ORG 6001 in the anesthetized pig.", "content": "Cardiovascular effects of an antiarrhythmic aminosteroid ORG 6001 in the anesthetized pig. The hemodynamic effects of 3alpha-amino-5alpha-androstan-2beta-ol-17-one-hydrochloride (ORG 6001), an aminosteroid possessing antiarrhythmic properties, were studied in 14 anesthetized pigs. ORG 6001 was administered i.v. cumulatively until a toxic level was reached. Doses less than 20mg/kg had, in spite of the negative inotropic properties of ORG 6001, no effect on the pump function of the heart, as the afterload was reduced and the filling pressure was not significantly altered. After administration of 40 mg/kg A-V conduction was depressed and second degree A-V block appeared. This was associated with deterioration of the pump function and for 6 of the 14 animals this was fatal. In the survivors, the alterations were reversible after cessation of drug administration. Since ORG 6001 has been shown to be effective against arrhythmias at doses less than 20 mg/kg, though in a different species (dog), it seems likely that it can be used safely for antiarrythmic treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036951"}
{"pmid": "1036953", "title": "Effects of cinepazide, a new vasoactive substance, on heart and circulation in the dog.", "content": "Effects of cinepazide, a new vasoactive substance, on heart and circulation in the dog. The authors report on the action of a new drug, 1-(pyrrolidinyl-1-carbonyl)-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyl)-piperazine-maleate (cinepazide), on the heart and systemic and coronary circulation. At doses of 1--3 mg/kg i.v. (n=6), systemic blood pressure decreased by 4%, and heart rate increased reflexly by 8%...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036953"}
{"pmid": "1036954", "title": "Influence of cinepazide, a vasoactive substance, on canine coronary circulation after acute constriction of the left anterior descending coronary artery.", "content": "Influence of cinepazide, a vasoactive substance, on canine coronary circulation after acute constriction of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The left anterior descending coronary artery was variably constricted mechanically in nine dogs. Blood flow in the left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex coronary arteries (CCA), aortic pressure and peripheral, i.e. post-stenotic coronary pressure were measured. Myocardial perfusion was determined from the clearance of radioactive xenon injected at a depth of 7 mm into the underperfused area supplied by the LAD artery. The vasoactive drug 1-(pyrrolidinyl-1-carbonyl)-methyl-4-(3,4,5-tri-methoxycinnamoyl)piperazine-maleate (cinepazide) was given at doses of 5-10 mg/kg by i.v. route. 1. Blood flow in the LAD was decreased stepwise to 50% of its initial value. There was practically no more coronary reserve. After drug injection, diastolic aortic pressure, that normally falls, was kept constant by clamping. Heart rate, perfusion pressure, post-stenotic pressure, and blood flow and resistance in the LAD showed practically no change. In the CCA, blood flow increased significantly (p less than 0.005) and flow resistance decreased (p less than 0.001). 133Xe clearance showed an increased myocardial perfusion (p less than 0.02) in the territory supplied by the LAD artery. 2. The lumen of the LAD was narrowed by 53%, i.e., coronary reserve was decreased. This constriction was followed by no haemodynamic reaction. After injection of cinepazide, mean and diastolic aortic pressure (p less than 0.02) and post-stenotic coronary pressure (p less than 0.005) decreased. Blood flow increased by 41% in the CCA and by 31% in the LAD. Coronary resistance in these vessels decreased (p less than 0.001 and 0.005, respectively). Here, too, the 133Xe clearance curve showed an increase in myocardial perfusion in the territory supplied by the LAD artery (+78%).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036954"}
{"pmid": "1036955", "title": "The distribution and excretion of 14C- and 3H-labelled 4-prenyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DA 2370) in the rat.", "content": "The distribution and excretion of 14C- and 3H-labelled 4-prenyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DA 2370) in the rat. The distribution and excretion of radioactivity following a single or multiple oral administration of 3H-and/or 14C-4-prenyl-1,2-diphenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (DA 2370) has been determined in rats. The daily excretion of radioactivity following a single administration (3H and 14C) or multiple doses (3H) fell to less than 1% of the dose in 4 days. A similar fall was observed at the end of 10 days continuous administration. The radioactivity in plasma reached a maximum between 2 and 4 h after administration of the drug (14C). Tissue levels were found to be effectively zero 24 h after administration of the drug for up to 10 days. The very large amounts of radioactivity lost in bile were found to correlate with blood, tissue and faecal levels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036955"}
{"pmid": "1036956", "title": "Acute toxicity of various solvents in the mouse and rat. LD50 of ethanol, diethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, glycerine, N-methylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol 400, 1,2-propanediol and Tween 20.", "content": "Acute toxicity of various solvents in the mouse and rat. LD50 of ethanol, diethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, glycerine, N-methylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol 400, 1,2-propanediol and Tween 20. The LD50's of various solvents frequently used in toxicological work to improve the solubility of otherwise poorly soluble compounds were determined in the mouse and rat. The substances investigated were ethanol, dimethylacetamide, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, glycerine, N-methylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol 400, 1,2-propanediol and Tween 20. The substances were administered under standardized conditions to groups of 10 animals (5 females, 5 males) (mice and rats) at doses that supplied at least 3 values lying between the LD16 and LD84. The median lethal dose and slope were determined with the aid of Finney's programmed probit analysis. The results are tabulated as LD50 ml/kg with 95% confidence limits. It is recommended that when using these solvents for pharmacological and toxicological investigations not more than a quarter of the LD50 should be used because otherwise there will be confusion between the deaths due to the substance being investigated and those due to the solvent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036956"}
{"pmid": "1036958", "title": "Assessment of Hypervitaminosis D during the first trimester of pregnancy on the mouse embryo. Preliminary report.", "content": "Assessment of Hypervitaminosis D during the first trimester of pregnancy on the mouse embryo. Preliminary report. The effect of hypervitaminosis were studied in pregnant mice during 0-3 and 4-7 days of gestation. After pregnancy was determined, mothers received 50 000 I.U. of vitamin D2 during the first gestational period. During the first half of the first trimester, the vitamin D treatment did not significantly influence maternal weight, fetal weight, implantation rate and survival of the embryo. The number of mothers with malformed fetuses significantly increased during critical treatment periods (from 4-7 days of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036958"}
{"pmid": "1036959", "title": "Effect of short- and long-term administrations of some drugs on rat intestinal flora. Short communication.", "content": "Effect of short- and long-term administrations of some drugs on rat intestinal flora. Short communication. Two schedules of treatment were adopted for an experimental evaluation of drug induced alterations in mid-small intestinal flora of normal rats. Test substances were given orally twice daily for 3 days at large doses and once daily for 30 days at lower doses. Indometacin, benzydamine, phenylbutazone, pheprazone, picosulfol, magnesium sulfate, tolbutamide, phenformin, dexamethasone acetate and prednisolone acetate were tested. Drug-induced alterations in rat intestinal flora resulted more evidently following multiple short-time treatments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036959"}
{"pmid": "1036960", "title": "Antagonism of maximal metrazol seizures in rats and its relevance to an experimental classification of antiepileptic drugs.", "content": "Antagonism of maximal metrazol seizures in rats and its relevance to an experimental classification of antiepileptic drugs. The antagonism of various components of maximal Metrazol-seizures (MMS) (i.e. tonic hindpaw extension, tonic backward extension of the forepaws, generalized clonic seizures and tremors), ataxia and loss of righting reflex-activity have been studied in a standardized procedure comparing 41 antiepileptics and related compounds. Appropriate analyses (Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis) resulted in the distinction of seven clusters which could be considered along two continua. A first continuum is characterized by a progressive strengthening of loss of righting reflex-inducing properties, a decreasing dissociation of ataxia and loss of righting reflex and the disappearance of a selective anticonvulsant effect. The second continuum is characterized by an increasing relative potency of ataxia-inducing properties, an increasing dissociation of ataxia and loss of righting reflex and a decreasing antagonism of tremors. Three main types of anticonvulsants could be defined: drugs with a complete anti-MMS effect antagonizing both clonic and tonic seizures; drugs selectively abolishing tonic seizures, i.e., tonic extension of hind- and forepaws; and drugs exclusively blocking tonic hind-paw extension. The neurological and clinical significance of these different types of anticonvulsant activity has been discussed. Finally, the described modification of the maximal Metrazol-seizures test is proposed for routine screening purposes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036960"}
{"pmid": "1036961", "title": "Influence of silymarin on drug metabolizing enzymes in rat and man.", "content": "Influence of silymarin on drug metabolizing enzymes in rat and man. Male rats weighing 100-130 g were treated orally with a daily dose of 1 X 10 mg Legalon (active principle: silymarin)/100 g b.w. daily for 4 or 10 days. 4 and 10 days after the beginning of the pretreatment a significant increase of the activity of the mixed function oxidation system (Cytochrome P-450, aminopyrine demethylation, p-nitroanisole demethylation) was observed. No alteration of the body weight, the liver wet weight, the microsomal protein content, the cytochrome b5 content and the activities of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and of a glucoronidase (4-methylumbelliferone) took place after the Legalon treatment. 4 h after the oral administration of 0.5 ml CCl4/kg b.w. the activity of the mixed function oxidation system and of the G-6-Pase was markedly decreased. This effect could not be prevented by the oral administration of 1 X 10 mg Legalon/100 g b.w. 6 h prior to CCl4 application. In human subjects the treatment with daily doses of 3 X 70 mg Legalon during 28 days had no influence on the metabolism of aminopyrine and phenylbutazone. From our results it is concluded that Legalon despite its effects in experimental animals has no influence on drug metabolism in man, when applied in therapeutic amounts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036961"}
{"pmid": "1036962", "title": "Studies of the kinetics and metabolism of 17 beta-heptanoyl-17 alpha-ethinyl-4-oestren-3-one-7-3H (norethisterone enanthate) in humans following intramuscular injection.", "content": "Studies of the kinetics and metabolism of 17 beta-heptanoyl-17 alpha-ethinyl-4-oestren-3-one-7-3H (norethisterone enanthate) in humans following intramuscular injection. The kinetics and metabolism of 17 beta-heptanoyl-17 alpha-ethinyl-4-oestren-3-one-7-3H (7-3H-norethisterone enanthate, NET-En) after i.m. injection in two female subjects is described. 177.4 mg and 174.5 mg NET-En were injected. Maximum 3H-activity in plasma was reached 8 to 14 days after the injection. In terms of NET-En it amounted to 70-100 mug/100 ml. Maximum NET concentration was reached on the 4th to 8th day and amounted to about 1 mug/100 ml. After 4 weeks NET concentration was still about 0.05 to 0.1 mug/100 ml and even after 6 weeks NET was still detectable in plasma. In 14 days the two subjects excreted about 13% of the administered dose in the urine and about 15% and 21%, respectively, in the faeces. On the basis of a rough calculation, the subjects eliminated about 60% and 55% of the radioactivity with urine and faeces within 42 days.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036962"}
{"pmid": "1036963", "title": "Experimental evaluation in man of analgesic effects.", "content": "Experimental evaluation in man of analgesic effects. A device operated by compression has been studied in order to define a method of measuring analgesic effects. Three analgesics (metamizol, acetylsalicylic acid and ketobemidone) and placebo have been tested in man to verify the adequacy of this apparatus and its sensitivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036963"}
{"pmid": "1036964", "title": "A study of the EEG sleep patterns and the sleep and dream experience of a group of schizophrenic patients treated with sulpiride.", "content": "A study of the EEG sleep patterns and the sleep and dream experience of a group of schizophrenic patients treated with sulpiride. The modifications of spontaneous sleep in schizophrenic patients following N-ethyl-2(2-methoxy-5-sulfamido-benzamidomethyl)-pyrrolidine (sulpiride, Dobren) administration are reported in this study. No significant modifications in the quantitative distribution of the various sleep phases (LST, SWS, REM) were observed, while a significant percent increase of SWS was noted, together with a significant decrease in the number of awakenings during the night and an increase of the sleep onset time. The patients' own difficulty to fall asleep, however, decreased significantly, and also a significant increase of dream recall could be observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036964"}
{"pmid": "1036966", "title": "Vitreoretinal reactions and persistent hyaloid vessels.", "content": "Vitreoretinal reactions and persistent hyaloid vessels. In cases with persistent primary vitreous in full-term infants there were vitreoretinal reactions including vitreoretinal anastomoses of blood vessels, vitreoretinal strands, traction folds of the retina, avascular retinal areas, hypoplasia of retinal blood vessels, rarefaction of retinal ganglion cells, and ischaemic structural changes of the retina. New vessel formation on the surface of avascular retinal areas was supplied from persistent hyaloid blood vessels. This finding may be of some importance in explaining those cases histologically resembling classical retrolental fibroplasia with no history of prematurity or oxygen treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036966"}
{"pmid": "1036967", "title": "Malignant lymphoma of the thyroid.", "content": "Malignant lymphoma of the thyroid. Two cases of malignant lymphoma are reported and the clinical features of a further 6 cases collected over a 10-year period are presented. The literature is reviewed and the treatment, prognosis and relationship to Hashimoto's disease are discussed. It is suggested that lymph node biopsy at the time of operation is important in confirming the diagnosis and that the prognosis may be more hopeful than has previously been suggested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036967"}
{"pmid": "1036969", "title": "Some aspects of sexually transmitted disease in Swaziland.", "content": "Some aspects of sexually transmitted disease in Swaziland. A survey of sexually transmitted diseases was attempted in Swaziland. Time and the terms of reference limited its scope, but much interesting information was gathered. Neither the prevalence nor the relative frequency of the different diseases in the community could be ascertained, but there was evidence to support the local impression that the sexually transmitted diseases present an increasing problem in Swaziland. An important problem was that of case finding and two aspects of this are stressed: (1) A general lack of knowledge concerning the venereal diseases; (2) The large number of men infected by 'casual' girl friends who cannot easily be traced, and who form a reservoir of infection in the community. A survey was conducted in Swaziland between July 6 and September 28, 1973 to obtain information about sexually transmitted diseases.  The survey sample was limited to the outpatient department of the government hospital at Mbabane.  Patients included were those who reported at the outpatient department with an STD during the 3 month period of the survey and those of their contacts who could be pursuaded to attend and were found to be infected.  Of 240 patients seen during the course of the survey, 124 were suffering from presumed gonorrhea, 67 had genital sores, and 23 reported with both.  A further 26 had positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) reactions and were assumed to have syphilis with or without some other STD.  Of the 26 patients whose VDRL test was positive, 3 had lesions usually associated with primary syphlis and 3 had condylomate lata.  The rest were cases of presumed latent syphilis presenting with another infection.  With 1 exception cases of urethral discharge in men appeared to be due to gonorrhea.  No cases of nonspecific urethritis were seen and the explanation of this is obscure.  About 29% of the women and 4% of the men were infested with T. vaginalis.  It was not possible to determine the prevalence of venereal diseases, but the evidence collected supported the local impression that these conditions were increasing.  The need for a vigorous program of contact tracing is clear from the small proportion of female patients attending the clinic.  Only 24% of those with a sexually transmitted disease and only 20% of those with a positive VDRL test were females, whereas in a survey undertaken by staff of the local public health unit in 1967, 54% of those with a positive Wassermann reaction were female.  The large number of casual partners admitted by men in the 4 weeks before infection implies that this is a major source of infection.  Recommendatons made for improving the situation include:  offering education in the schools; developing a universal system for tracing contact for the whole country; and making a vigorous attempt to screen all pregnant women by means of the VDRL test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036969"}
{"pmid": "1036968", "title": "Born before their time into this breathing world.", "content": "Born before their time into this breathing world.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036968"}
{"pmid": "1036970", "title": "Circular dichroism studies of some oligosaccharides containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose and D-mannopyranose residues.", "content": "Circular dichroism studies of some oligosaccharides containing 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose and D-mannopyranose residues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036970"}
{"pmid": "1036971", "title": "Sexually transmitted diseases in Rhodesia. Part II.", "content": "Sexually transmitted diseases in Rhodesia. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036971"}
{"pmid": "1036979", "title": "Bromocriptine potentiation of gastric acid secretion in cats.", "content": "Bromocriptine potentiation of gastric acid secretion in cats. Bromocriptine administered both orally and intravenously potentiated gastric acid secretion in response to submaximal pentagastrin stimulation in cats. Bromocriptine did not increase the maximum acid secretion in response to pentastrin, not did it stimulate basal acid secretion. Potentiation was observed in normal and vagotomized animals which precludes involvement of the vagi in the response. The mechanism of action of this compound on the stomach does not appear to be mediated through stimulation of dopaminergic receptors as no potentiation was observed with dopamine infusions. It is argued that the bromocriptine potentiation of gastric acid secretion may be a demonstration of 5-hydroxytryptamine or alpha-adrenergic antagonism. However, the potentiation observed with daily oral bromocriptine treatment had disappeared by the eighth day and may correlate with the disappearance of gastric side effects noted in patients on bromocriptine  treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036979"}
{"pmid": "1036981", "title": "A comparison of drostanolone propionate (Masteril) and nandrolone decanoate (Deca-durabolin) in the treatment of breast carcinoma.", "content": "A comparison of drostanolone propionate (Masteril) and nandrolone decanoate (Deca-durabolin) in the treatment of breast carcinoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036981"}
{"pmid": "1036985", "title": "Treatment of Taenia saginata infection with mixture of areca nuts and pumpkin seeds.", "content": "Treatment of Taenia saginata infection with mixture of areca nuts and pumpkin seeds. In January and February 1974, 32 adults (20 males and 12 females) and a 13-year-old girl with taeniasis saginata were treated with the mixture of boiled areca nuts and pumpkin seeds at Mastoban, Jen-ai District, Nantou County, Taiwan. A total of 48 worms including 42 scolices were recovered from 29 cases. Side-effects were observed in 4 cases including 3 with complaints of dizziness, tinnitus, nausea and vomiting, and one with coma and abdominal pain. Mixtures of 75-150 g areca nuts and 50-100 g pumpkin seeds were judged effective and safe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036985"}
{"pmid": "1036984", "title": "Determination of mycelial steroids with the aid of polyene antibiotics. II. Quantitative determination of the mycelial steroids of Mucor hiemalis.", "content": "Determination of mycelial steroids with the aid of polyene antibiotics. II. Quantitative determination of the mycelial steroids of Mucor hiemalis. UV absorption spectrum of polyene antibiotics was dramatically altered in the presence of steroids. The introduction of a steroid to an aqueous solution of polyene antibiotics resulted in a change in the ratio of absorbance of peak 3 (with shorter wavelength) to peak 1 (with longer wavelength), E3/E1. Interactions between 28 steroids and 4 polyene antibiotics were studied and the results revealed that the structures of steroids essential for the optimal interaction with polyene antibiotics were C-17 side chain, substitution C-3 hydroxyl group, intact steroid nucleus and aromatic A-ring. The ratio of E3/E1 was used for the determination of steroids in mycelium of Mucor hiemalis and the result was in good agreement with that obtained from gas chromatograph. The (-) strain had a greater change in the ratio of absorbance, E3/E1, than that of the (+) strain. The ratio of absorbance, E3/E1, decreased in the following order: the (-) strain, the (-) strain with the addition of the filtrate of (+) strains, the mated strains, the (+) with the addition of the filtrate of (-) strain and the (+) strain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036984"}
{"pmid": "1036989", "title": "Missing evidence of a correlation between Hashimoto-thyroiditis and HLA antigens [proceedings].", "content": "Missing evidence of a correlation between Hashimoto-thyroiditis and HLA antigens [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036989"}
{"pmid": "1036988", "title": "The prevalence of venereal diseases among food and liquor-handlers in public places in Kampala, Uganda.", "content": "The prevalence of venereal diseases among food and liquor-handlers in public places in Kampala, Uganda.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036988"}
{"pmid": "1036990", "title": "Distribution of HLA-antigens in Graves' disease and in autonomous adenoma of the thyroid [proceedings].", "content": "Distribution of HLA-antigens in Graves' disease and in autonomous adenoma of the thyroid [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036990"}
{"pmid": "1036991", "title": "HLA antigens in Japanese patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's disease [proceedings].", "content": "HLA antigens in Japanese patients with Graves' disease and Hashimoto's disease [proceedings].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036991"}
{"pmid": "1036995", "title": "Pattern of source of infection of venereal diseases.", "content": "Pattern of source of infection of venereal diseases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036995"}
{"pmid": "1036996", "title": "Antithiamine factor in cotton seed (Bombex malabericum)--its isolation and characterization.", "content": "Antithiamine factor in cotton seed (Bombex malabericum)--its isolation and characterization. 1. The antithiamine factor isolated from cotton seed (Bombex malabericum) was a light yellow amophous substance. 2. 1 mg of this antithiamine factor inactivated 20.5 mug of thiamine hydrochloride. 3. The antithiamine factor was characterized as 3,5-dimethoxy salicylic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036996"}
{"pmid": "1036997", "title": "Social aspects of venereal disease aboard a U.S. navy destroyer.", "content": "Social aspects of venereal disease aboard a U.S. navy destroyer. This paper describes the social characteristics of venereal disease patients aboard a US Navy destroyer. The research team administered questionnaires to 247 crew members at the outset of the ship's 7 month-overseas deployment. When the ship returned to home port, the research staff gathered demographic and occupational information plus disciplinary records, job performance ratings, and complete dispensary visit information for the deployment period. The morbidity data indicated that 48% of the entire crew experienced at least one case of VD, and of these VD patients, 38% had multiple infections. A set of variables that best predicted VD incidence was determined by means of multiple regression analysis. These variables included disciplinary record, pay grade, division or type of job (\"blue-collar\" versus \"white-collar\"), and education. Other variables that correlated with VD incidence were age, length of service, marital status, performance ratings, and verbal aptitude scores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036997"}
{"pmid": "1036998", "title": "Study of rickettsioses in Slovakia. III. Experimental infection of Apodemus flavicollis Melch. by rickettsiae of the spotted fever (SF) group isolated in Slovakia.", "content": "Study of rickettsioses in Slovakia. III. Experimental infection of Apodemus flavicollis Melch. by rickettsiae of the spotted fever (SF) group isolated in Slovakia. Experimental studies of infection of Apodemus flavicollis, and for comparison of rickettsiaemia in Clethrionomys glareolus and of susceptibility and antibody formation in white mice, with rickettsiae of the SF group isolated in Slovakia, gave the following results: the species A. flavicollis reacted by the formation of antibodies on subcutaneous administration of rickettsiae, strain B, in an amount of 10(0.5) EID 50/0.25 ml, whereas the white mouse only in an amount of 10(2.5). Rickettsiae, strain B, administered in an amount of 10(3.5) EID 50/0.25 ml subcutaneously to A. flavicollis were found in smears from the liver and spleen of the inoculated animals up to the 25th day following infection, on detection by the isolation test on chick embryo yolk sacs in the spleen on day 5 and 7, in lymph nodes on day 7 and in the brain on day 15 following infection; on detection by the method of injecting suspension from the organs into the haemocoelom of ticks regularly in the spleen and liver up to the 10th day, in the brain, kidney and lymph nodes regularly up to the 15th and irregularly in the lungs also up to the 15th day, then regularly in the testes up to the 5th day and in the heart, blood and peritoneum up to the 3rd day after infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036998"}
{"pmid": "1036999", "title": "Bromocriptine in Parkinsonism: long-term treatment, dose response, and comparison with levodopa.", "content": "Bromocriptine in Parkinsonism: long-term treatment, dose response, and comparison with levodopa. Thirty-seven patients with Parkinsonism were treated with bromocriptine 2.5-300 mg daily. Bromocriptine, alone or combined with levodopa, caused a 20-30% reduction in disability scores in 11 patients treated for one year. Tolerance did not develop during this period. Bromocriptine treatment was not of value in six patients who had previously not responded or who had lost their response to levodopa. However, in four of five patients with response swings on levodopa due to rapid changes in plasma dopa levels, the addition of bromocriptine caused a more stable response. Dose response curves to bromocriptine 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg and to levodopa 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg were studied in seven patients. Levodopa 2 g had a greater therapeutic effect and caused a greater rise in plasma growth hormone concentration than bromocriptine 100 mg. Levodopa caused emesis more commonly and hallucinations less commonly than bromocriptine. Bromocriptine appears to be a less potent stimulant than dopamine, and has both pre- and post-synaptic effects. Metoclopramide 60 mg oral was given 30 minutes before bromocriptine or levodopa to establish whether this caused dopamine-receptor blockade. Metoclopramide acted as a competitive antagonist to the anti-Parkinsonism and growth hormone effect of both drugs and in individual cases prevented emesis and hallucinations. The fall in blood pressure due to bromocriptine or levodopa was not antagonised by metoclopramide. Central and peripheral vascular dopamine receptors may be different in nature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1036999"}
{"pmid": "1037000", "title": "Sclerosing spinal pachymeningitis. A complication of intrathecal administration of Depo-Medrol for multiple sclerosis.", "content": "Sclerosing spinal pachymeningitis. A complication of intrathecal administration of Depo-Medrol for multiple sclerosis. Reported complications of intrathecal steroid therapy include aseptic meningitis, infectious meningitis, and arachnoiditis. We report a case of sclerosing spinal pachymeningitis complicating the attempted intrathecal administration of Depo-Medrol for multiple sclerosis. The lesion is characterised by concentric laminar proliferation of neomembranes within the subdural space of the entire spinal cord and cauda equina, resulting from repeated episodes of injury and repair to the spinal dura mater by Depo-Medrol. There is clinical and laboratory evidence that Depo-Medrol produces meningeal irritation and that the vehicle is the necrotising fraction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037000"}
{"pmid": "1037002", "title": "New neonatal problems of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. II. Thromboplastic effect of amniotic fluid and its relation to lung maturity.", "content": "New neonatal problems of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. II. Thromboplastic effect of amniotic fluid and its relation to lung maturity. Pulmonary hyaline membrane disease in newborn infants is considered an abnormality in the alveolar lining layer. Quantitative analysis of this surfactant is necessary for the intrauterine diagnosis of lung maturity of the fetus. The presence of surfactant in amniotic fluid has been demonstrated by the shaking method [1]. But it is also well known that amniotic fluid has a thromboplastic effect [3,6]. In order to compare the correlation between the shaking method and the thromboplastic effect of the amniotic fluid, recalcification time and partial thromboplastin time were measured with and without amniotic fluid using an aggregation-meter. In each of 15 cases, a shortening of these times was recorded after the addition of amniotic fluid after the 30th week of pregnancy. In all cases the addition of amniotic fluid resulting in shortening these times. Surfactant seems to have enhancing effect on the coagulation. These results demonstrate the presence of surfactant in amniotic fluid in agreement with the results of the shaking method. Although these methods are of limited utility as quantitative assays for surfactant, they are of sufficient accuracy and of great value for clinical diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037002"}
{"pmid": "1037003", "title": "Prenatal prediction of respiratory distress syndrome. Measurement of surface properties and Lecithin/Sphingomyelin ratio in human amniotic fluid.", "content": "Prenatal prediction of respiratory distress syndrome. Measurement of surface properties and Lecithin/Sphingomyelin ratio in human amniotic fluid. 118 samples of amniotic fluid were taken from 102 patients in the 25th to the 43th week of pregnancy by amniotomy or by transabdominal amniocentesis. 76 samples were obtained from patients with normal pregnancies without evidence for either induction or retardation of lung maturity; they served to establish normal values. In 37 cases samples were taken within 72 hours prior to delivery, the decisive period for the prediction of a respiratory distress syndrome. In seven cases a respiratory distress syndrome occured which was diagnosed by an independent pediatrician. The following tests were performed for all samples: 1. Surface tension was measured biomechanically using the Wilhelmy balance and a surface tension area diagram (Fig. 1) was made: A platimum plate is immersed into the liquid placed in the trough; the surface tension is measured via a transducer. The surface film of th liquid to be studied is compressed cyclically from an initial area of 100% to 20% by a moveable barrier and is expanded afterward. Platinum plate and barrier are connected to an X-Y recorder. The surface tension area diagrams are interpreted on the basis of the following criteria: see article 2. The determination of the L/S ratio (simultaneous comparison with the standard method): The method of GLUCK as modified by BORER(planimetric interpretation of the the spots) was employed. Both methods produced normal values. For the biomechanical measurements a classification into three groups was made (25th-30th, 31st-35th, 36th-43rd week of pregnancy) (Tab.I);the L/S ratio showed the usual steep increase from the 36th week of pregnancy onwards. In cases with RDS (Tab.II) surface tension-area-diagrams show high values for gamma max and a slight decrease in surface tension on compression (high gamma min values); the stability index is low, the hysteresis is reduced. Fig. 3. Up to the 34th week of pregnancy the 2:1L/S ratio assumed as the threshold for a sufficient surfactant concentration does not permit a clear interpretation; in subsequent weeks all cases fail to coincide with the normal pattern of distribution (Fig.2). Both the L/S ratio and the criteria of the surface tension area diagrams show significant differences in cases with and without RDS. The prognostic validity of both methods was tested for the probability of predicting occurrence of RDS, probability of RDS occurence and probability of non-occurrence of FDS. The prognostic value seems equal to the L/S Ratio.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037003"}
{"pmid": "1037004", "title": "Influence of molecular variations of ionophore and lipid on the selective ion permeability of membranes: I. Tetranactin and the methylation of nonactin-type carriers.", "content": "Influence of molecular variations of ionophore and lipid on the selective ion permeability of membranes: I. Tetranactin and the methylation of nonactin-type carriers. The manner in which molecular structure of the carrier and the lipid composition of the membrane modulate the membrane selectivity among monovalent cations has been investigated for nonactin, trinactin, and tetranactin, which differ only in their degrees of methylation, and for membranes made of two lipids, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and glyceryl dioleate, in which \"equilibrium\" and \"kinetic\" aspects of permeation, respectively, are emphasized. Bilayer permeability ratios for Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Tl,and NH4 have been characterized and resolved into \"equilibrium\" and \"kinetic\" components using a model for carrier-mediated membrane transport which includes both a trapezoid energy barrier for translocation of the complex across the membrane interior and a potential-dependence of the loading and unloading of ions at the membrane-solution interfaces. The bilayer permeability properties due to tetranactin have been characterized in each of these lipids and found not only to be regular but to be systematically related to those of the less methylated homologues, trinactin and nonactin. This analysis has led to the following conclusions: (1) The change in lipid composition alters the relative contributions of \"kinetic\" vs. \"equilibrium\" components to the observed carrier-mediated selectivity. (2) Increased methylation of the carrier increases the contribution of the \"kinetic\" component to the selectivity relative to that of the \"equilibrium\" component and additionally alters the \"equilibrium component sufficiently that an inversion of Cs--Na selectivity occurs between trinactin and tetranactin. (3) For all ions and carriers examined, the \"reaction plane\" for ion-carrier complexation and the width for the \"diffusion barrier can be represented by the same two parameters, independent of the ion or carrier, so that in all cases the complexation reaction senses 10% of the applied potential and the plateau of the \"diffusion barrier\" extends across 70% of the membrane interior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037004"}
{"pmid": "1037005", "title": "Tonsillectomy: an excision biopsy.", "content": "Tonsillectomy: an excision biopsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037005"}
{"pmid": "1037001", "title": "Accumulation of 57Co-poly-L-lysine by tumors: an effect of the tumor electrical charge.", "content": "Accumulation of 57Co-poly-L-lysine by tumors: an effect of the tumor electrical charge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037001"}
{"pmid": "1037016", "title": "Relationship between experimental results in mammals and man. II. Cytogenetic analysis of bone-marrow cells after treatment of cytembena and cyclophosphamide- cytembena combination.", "content": "Relationship between experimental results in mammals and man. II. Cytogenetic analysis of bone-marrow cells after treatment of cytembena and cyclophosphamide- cytembena combination. Cytogenetic analysis and the micronucleus test of bone-marrow cells was used to study the possible extrapolation of results from experimental animals to man. Cytembena was given i.p. in doses of 5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg body wt. to Wistar rats and in doses of 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg body wt. to ICR mice and to Chinese hamsters. Five patients with various types of malignancy, so far medically untreated, received 20 mg Cytembena/kg body wt i.v. A combination of Cytembena and cylophosphamide was applied i.p. in single equal doses 1 : 1 of 5,10, 20, and 40 mg/kg body wt to ICR mice, Chinese hamsters and Wistar rats. Patients were given i.v. 20 mg Cytembena and 20 mg cyclophosphamide/kg body wt. Bone-marrow cells were examined 24 h after the administration. The frequency of abnormal metaphases and chromosomal breaks after Cytembena treatment was low; nonetheless, the indicated dose-effect relationship was found in all the rodents used. The frequency of chromosomal breaks was 2--3 times higher in rodents in comparison with man, after treatment with a dose of 20 mg Cytembena/kg body wt. Highest frequencies of induced aberrations were found in mice. The rodents appeared to be 3--4 times more sensitive to the induction of chromosomal breaks and abnormal metaphases than man, after a dose of 20 mg Cytembena and 20 mg cyclophosphamide/kg body wt. The micronucleus test may be regarded as a screening method for assessing mutagenic activity of chemical compounds. Chromosomal analysis and the micronucleus test were about equally convincing in detecting mutagenic effects even with the lowest doses of drugs used. However, the dose-effect relationship was more pronounced in chromosomal aberrations than in the micronucleus test.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037016"}
{"pmid": "1037019", "title": "Time lapse cinematographic demonstration of humoral and cell mediated immunity in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.", "content": "Time lapse cinematographic demonstration of humoral and cell mediated immunity in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Out of 42 attempts in one case a cell line derived from biopsy material of a squamous cell carcinoma of the lung has been established. Tumor-associated-antigen could be demonstrated by indreict immunofluorescence. The effect of allogeneic cytotoxic antibodies, absorbed with normal human lung and sera, on the target cells is shown. Blood lymphocytes obtained from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung proved to be cytotoxic against this cell line. The cell to cell interactions of this phenomenon and the effect of cytotoxic antibodies are shown by time lapse cinematography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037019"}
{"pmid": "1037021", "title": "Serum cholesterol levels of Seventh-day Adventists.", "content": "Serum cholesterol levels of Seventh-day Adventists. Serum cholesterol levels and dietary habits were surveyed in 27 male and 34 female Seventh-day Adventist. All subjects studied were lacto-ovo-vegetarians and a few consumed some meat products. Their serum cholesterol levels, significantly lower than those of the United States general population, showed no sex difference but increased with age and were higher in overweight males. Their levels, however, were much higher than those of true vegetarians which was most likely attributable to their consumption, even though to a limited acount, of dairy foods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037021"}
{"pmid": "1037024", "title": "Statistical analysis of the 24 hour blood pressure using pressure frequency histograms.", "content": "Statistical analysis of the 24 hour blood pressure using pressure frequency histograms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037024"}
{"pmid": "1037025", "title": "Infant milk powder feeds compared on a common basis.", "content": "Infant milk powder feeds compared on a common basis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037025"}
{"pmid": "1037020", "title": "Intrathecal hydrocortisone in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis (preliminary report).", "content": "Intrathecal hydrocortisone in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis (preliminary report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037020"}
{"pmid": "1037034", "title": "Imported milk: a threat to health?", "content": "Imported milk: a threat to health?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037034"}
{"pmid": "1037036", "title": "Effect of prolactin and the anit-prolactin bromocriptin on the testosterone uptake and metabolism in androgen-sensitive and insensitive canine organs.", "content": "Effect of prolactin and the anit-prolactin bromocriptin on the testosterone uptake and metabolism in androgen-sensitive and insensitive canine organs. Prolactin promotes the growth and function of the prostate in low doses, whereas high doses or previous castration reduce this effect. The antiprolactin bromocriptin should reverse the prolactin action. In the castrated dog the highest accumulation of H3-testosterone given i.v. occurred in the prostate as compared with muscle, urethra, penis, liver and kidney. Prolactin pretreatment increased the radiosteroid uptake only in the liver. Converseley, bromocriptin suppressed the tracer incorporation into the liver, but increased prostatic accumulation. The highest testerone reduction occurred in the prostate of the untreated castrated dogs as compared with other organs. Prolactin suppressed 5 alpha -dihydrotestosterone formation but otherwise did not significantly influence testosterone turnover. Bromocriptin, however, stimulated dihydrotestosterone formation in the prostate and caused complete inhibition of hepatic testosterone reduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037036"}
{"pmid": "1037047", "title": "Purification of Aspergillus niger alpha-amylase.", "content": "Purification of Aspergillus niger alpha-amylase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037047"}
{"pmid": "1037048", "title": "Production of Candida utilis on slop by-product of fermentation industries.", "content": "Production of Candida utilis on slop by-product of fermentation industries. The slop (vinas) liquor, a major by-product a alcohol fermentation industries, has been used as growth medium for production of the torula yeast, Candida utilis. Supplementation of the slop with 0.2% ammonium sulphate and 1% to 5% molasses improved the cell yield significantly. The crude slop gave better results than the diluted or centrifuged liquors. Under optimal conditions, more than 15 grams of yeast were obtained on dry weight basis. The application feasibility of these results is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037048"}
{"pmid": "1037049", "title": "Effect of some pesticides on the efficiency of the inoculated Rhizobium associated with broad bean plants.", "content": "Effect of some pesticides on the efficiency of the inoculated Rhizobium associated with broad bean plants. The effect of some pesticides on the efficiency of the inoculated rhizobium in broad bean plants (Vicia faba) was studied in greenhouse experiments. Different pesticides were used in this work, including insecticides, herbicides, nematocides, and a molecide in different concentrations. The study revealed the following conclusions. Application of insecticides in different concentrations generally affected the formation of efficient nodules on the root system of broad bean plants. The inhibitory effect was also reflected to some extent on the dry weight of the plants and total nitrogen fixed by rhizobia in association with the mentioned plants. Birlane (insecticide) was found to be the most inhibitory insecticide on the inoculated rhizobium. Some of the insecticides, such as Temik and Dursban, at lower concentration were found to be a stimulant to symbiotic N-fixation, giving higher amounts of nitrogen fixed in the macrosymbiont.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037049"}
{"pmid": "1037050", "title": "Possible role of solar radiation on the viability of some air fungi in Egypt.", "content": "Possible role of solar radiation on the viability of some air fungi in Egypt. The high occurrence of Alternaria humicola and the moderate occurrence of Stemphylium verruculosum, Rhizopus nigricans, and Epicoccum nigrum in the air of Egypt could be correlated to their apparent resistance to solar radiation. Cladosporium herbarum, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium oxalicum, although highly occurring, were light-sensitive. The miniumum solar radiation in November, coupled with the highest total fungal catch, dominated by Cladosporium herbarum, reveals the importance of solar radiation as a factor with direct effect on the air fungal population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037050"}
{"pmid": "1037052", "title": "Actinomycetes in the desert of Kuwait.", "content": "Actinomycetes in the desert of Kuwait. The distribution of actinomycetes in two desert localities in Kuwait was investigated. The genus Streptomyces was dominant in the two studied localities. Attempts to classify this genus in groups and species were made. Species producing straight or wavy spore chains were dominating in the two localities. Species producing oval spores and smooth spore surfaces were widely distributed. The most frequent is the cinereus series. Streptomyces aburaviensis and S. wedmorensis were more frequent in Cyperus locality, while S. calvus was the dominant one in Rhanterium locality. Each locality was characterized by different groups and species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037052"}
{"pmid": "1037051", "title": "Airborn bacteria in the atmosphere of Kuwait.", "content": "Airborn bacteria in the atmosphere of Kuwait.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037051"}
{"pmid": "1037053", "title": "Volatile and gaseous exudates of either germinating seeds or roots of okra plant in relation to okra wilt disease, caused by some Fusarium species.", "content": "Volatile and gaseous exudates of either germinating seeds or roots of okra plant in relation to okra wilt disease, caused by some Fusarium species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037053"}
{"pmid": "1037054", "title": "Simple method for carbon determination in microbiological experiments.", "content": "Simple method for carbon determination in microbiological experiments. A wet combustion method for the carbon determination was developed. It has been proved that the method can be successfully used for the determination of biochemical changes in microbe cultures, the soil, in composts, in farmyard manures etc. The samples are combusted in evacuated flasks by means of chromic sulphuric mixture, and the CO(2) evolved is determined interferometrically.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037054"}
{"pmid": "1037055", "title": "The effect of some organic substances on the mycelium of the fungus Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr.", "content": "The effect of some organic substances on the mycelium of the fungus Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. Research was performed for studying the effect of some organic compounds, considered by many authors as the products ob barley seed metabolism generated after anaerobic seed treatment, on the mycelium of the fungus Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. The author examined the effectiveness of ethylacohol, acetaldehyde, acetic acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, and hydroquinone in concentrations from 1 M to 10(-6) M, and the effectiveness of extracts from disinfected seeds in doses from 10 g to 0.001 g/l. The effect of the mentioned solutions was examined as exerted on the growth of dicaryotic mycelium and on the growth of the haploid promycelium of the fungus. The dicaryotic mycelium of Ustilago nuda (Jens.) Rostr. was cultivated on potato agar with benzoic acid. The presence of the acid prevents mitosis, and the chlamydospores germinate on the nutritive medium with two fibres having binuclear cells. The haploid promycelium was cultivated  on potato agar; chlamydospores germinated with one four-cell fibre, and individual cells are mononuclear and haploid. Only later, a dicarytic mycelium is created in a complex process. In all the substances used, the concentration of 1 M was found to stop further growth of mycelium. The concentration of 10(-1) M of acetic acid and hydroquinone also stopped growth, the same concentration of acetaldehyde, lactic acid, succinic acid, ethylacohol stimulated mycelium growth in comparison with the control. The concentration of 10(-6) M stimulated mycelium growth in a majority of cases. Extracts from disinfected seeds did not influence mycelium growth significantly in all cases in comparison with the control. The results were similar in the two types of mycelium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037055"}
{"pmid": "1037057", "title": "Effect of phosphate fertilization and seed inoculation with \"\"Okadin'' at high rate on yield of broadbean and lentil.", "content": "Effect of phosphate fertilization and seed inoculation with \"\"Okadin'' at high rate on yield of broadbean and lentil. The effect of phosphate fertilization and seed inoculation with \"\"Okadin'' preperation of rhizobia strains on the yield of broadbean and lentil was tested in field experiments during the seasons 1969 to 1972 in the farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University. Superphosphate was added at the rate of 0, 50, 100, or 200 kg/fa., and \"\"Okadin'' preparation, specific for the kind of legume planted, was applied to the seeds at 10 times the recommended rate. Application of superphosphate at any of the tested rates did not significantly affect total yield obtained, seeds yield, or the nitrogen content of seeds of lentil or braodbean. Seed inoculation with Okadin showed no significant effect on the yield of broadbean, but resulted in significant reduction in the yield of lentil seeds in the two seasons of the experiment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037057"}
{"pmid": "1037058", "title": "The lack of detectable immune complexes in rat anaphylaxis.", "content": "The lack of detectable immune complexes in rat anaphylaxis. Attempts were made to detect soluble immune complexes (IC) in sera of rats submitted to anaphylactic shock 12 days following BPV plus antigen treatment, and their in vitro formation following the addition of specific antigens to sera or heparinized platelet rich plasma of sensitized rats. We failed to detect ICs or IC formation by studying Hageman factor activation and platelet aggregation or by using a very sensitive radio-assay of ICs. It is established that the anaphylactic activation of Hageman factor as well as the aggregation of platelets are not mediated by immune complexes, therefore, other explanations must be found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037058"}
{"pmid": "1037059", "title": "Clinical significance of the house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) in asthmatic children in Japan.", "content": "Clinical significance of the house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus) in asthmatic children in Japan. Clinical studies were conducted to evaluate the role of the house dust mite. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, as an allergen in children's asthma in Japan. Skin testing and Prausnitz-Küstner type skin testing showed good correlations between the allergenicity of house dust and the mite. A positive Prausnitz-Küstner type skin reaction to house dust was neutralized by a mite extract. Radioallergosorbent test showed good correlation between house dust and the mite (r=0.687). The mite exhibited in vitro inhibition of radioallergosorbent test to house dust. The inhalation provocation test resulted in an acute respiratory attack in one of the patients. These results suggest that the house dust mite is an important allergen in asthmatic children in Japan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037059"}
{"pmid": "1037060", "title": "Inheritance of asthma in families and its linkage to HLA haplotypes.", "content": "Inheritance of asthma in families and its linkage to HLA haplotypes. Four families in which asthma occurred in more than three members, and in which there were at least three children, were studied in terms of clinical symptoms, serum IgE levels determined by RIST and RAST, and HLA haplotypes. No association between clinical asthma and serum IgE level was found, but a close association between asthma and a particular HLA haplotype in a family was demonstrated. It was therefore postulated that a disease susceptibility gene closely linked to an HLA gene complex may play a role in the development of asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037060"}
{"pmid": "1037069", "title": "Why a meniscectomy fails.", "content": "Why a meniscectomy fails. The clinical and roentgenological data on 30 patients with unsatisfactory recovery or recurrent symptoms after meniscectomy were analysed. The meniscectomy was regarded as having been the wrong choice of therapy in four patients and as ineffective therapy in 11. In 10 patients other knee lesions dominated postoperatively, in three the recovery was delayed for no obvious reason but the symptoms slowly disappeared, and in the remaining two patients a degenerative osteoarthritis developing some time after the meniscectomy was regarded as the cause of the recurring symptoms. We conclude that with an optimal clinical and arthrographic analysis and with careful operative tecnique as many as 17 arthrotomies (out of 30 primary and 13 reoperations) in the material presented could have been avoided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037069"}
{"pmid": "1037073", "title": "Medicine by satellite telephone--a new breakthrough.", "content": "Medicine by satellite telephone--a new breakthrough.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037073"}
{"pmid": "1037071", "title": "The place of total thyroidectomy in the management of 909 patients with thyroid disease.", "content": "The place of total thyroidectomy in the management of 909 patients with thyroid disease. An analytic review of 909 total thyroidectomies reveals complications and sequelae comparable to those that follow subtotal operations for Graves' disease, nodular goiter, and chronic thyroiditis. It is suggested that when surgery is indicated for the management of these diseases, nothing less than total thyroidectomy should be performed because of the important additional advantages obtained with this operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037071"}
{"pmid": "1037078", "title": "Transcription of adenovirus DNA by RNA polymerase III of bovine lymphoid tissue.", "content": "Transcription of adenovirus DNA by RNA polymerase III of bovine lymphoid tissue.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037078"}
{"pmid": "1037070", "title": "Use of chestnut in the feeding of infants allergic to cow's milk or intolerant to lactose.", "content": "Use of chestnut in the feeding of infants allergic to cow's milk or intolerant to lactose. The aminoacid contents of native chestnut and its powdered form were studied. It was found that it has low cystine and methionine contents but if it is supplemented accordingly, the chestnut pulp can well be used for infant feeding. More than 50 infants were fed with chestnuts, and only in two cases was there intolerance. The aminoacid content of supplemented chestnut formula was lower than that of cow's milk and soy bean, but equal to that of human milk and as its essential aminoacid ratio was high, the infant's development was normal. Chestnut pulp is recommended as an alternative to soybean in the treatment of lactose intolerance and cow's milk allergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037070"}
{"pmid": "1037083", "title": "Temporal patterning of sexual behavior in the female rat.", "content": "Temporal patterning of sexual behavior in the female rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037083"}
{"pmid": "1037084", "title": "Effect of pre- and post-surgical active BCG immunotherapies on murien EAkR lymphosarcoma.", "content": "Effect of pre- and post-surgical active BCG immunotherapies on murien EAkR lymphosarcoma. A combined treatment modality incorporating surgery plus BCG immunotherapy was administered to (DBA/2 X C57B/6) F1 mice grafted with EAkR lymphosarcoma. 30% of mice survived free of disease when BCG was injected intravenously two days after operation consisting of tumorectomy plus excision of the regional lymph node performed on the 8th day after tumor inoculation. Similar results were obtained when BCG was injected subcutaneously 6 days before surgery. Pre-operative intravenous and post-operative subcutanous BCG administration failed to cure the animals just as BCG or surgery alone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037084"}
{"pmid": "1037085", "title": "Effects of the removal of the regional lymph nodes on the survival of mice bearing B 16 melanoma or EAkR lymphosarcoma.", "content": "Effects of the removal of the regional lymph nodes on the survival of mice bearing B 16 melanoma or EAkR lymphosarcoma. This work presents data concerning the effect of tumor excision accompanied or not by the removal of the regional lymph node (RLN) on the survival time of mice bearing the EAkR lymphosarcoma or the B16 melanoma. The operations were performed at various times to study this effect in relation to tumor volume. Early tumorectomy, on day 6 for the EAkR lymphosarcoma, on day 10 for the B16 melanoma, prolonged significantly the survival time. The additional removal of the RLN abolished this beneficial effect. In the case of the EAkR lymphosarcoma, a beneficial effect on the survival time was in contrast observed after a total excision of the tumor accompanied by RLN removal performed on day 8. The two surgical procedures were ineffective in increasing the survival time when they were applied after the 8th day for the EAkR lymphosarcoma and after the 10th day for the B16 melanoma. These results suggest that the preservation of the RLN may be favorable for the host at least at an early stage of the tumor growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037085"}
{"pmid": "1037097", "title": "Venereal herpes-like molluscum contagiosum: treatment with tretinoin.", "content": "Venereal herpes-like molluscum contagiosum: treatment with tretinoin. Molluscum contagiosum spread by sexual contact may be mistaken for other venereal diseases. The occurrence of a penile lesion resembling herpes progenitalis, and successful therapy of genital mollusca with topical tretinoin (vitamin A acid) is described.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037097"}
{"pmid": "1037098", "title": "New topical agents for dermatophytosis.", "content": "New topical agents for dermatophytosis. Several new synthetic antifungal agents have recently become available for topical use. Reported experiences with haloprogin, miconazole and clotrimazole are reviewed. Topical preparations of these agents are nonirritating and effective in the treatment of superficial fungus infections. They are effective in the management of tinea versicolor and cutaneous candidiasis as well as dermatophytosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037098"}
{"pmid": "1037096", "title": "Allergy to ingredients of vehicles.", "content": "Allergy to ingredients of vehicles. Common ingredients of vehicles such as perfumes, antibacterial agents, emulsifiers and other surface active agents, propylene glycol, lanolin and wool alcohols were tested in eczema patients over a three-year period. Perfume allergy was detected in 3.6% of the cases, sensitivity to thiomersal in 2%, to sorbic acid in 0.8%, to parabens in only 0.3%, and to wool alcohols in 1.2%. Reactions to emulsifiers were seen over 1% of those tested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037096"}
{"pmid": "1037099", "title": "Herpes simplex and verrucae of the genitalia.", "content": "Herpes simplex and verrucae of the genitalia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037099"}
{"pmid": "1037100", "title": "Diagnosis of anogenital ulcers.", "content": "Diagnosis of anogenital ulcers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037100"}
{"pmid": "1037102", "title": "Nonspecific genital infections.", "content": "Nonspecific genital infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037102"}
{"pmid": "1037101", "title": "Nongonococcal urethritis.", "content": "Nongonococcal urethritis. Nongonococcal urethritis may now account for most cases of symptomatic urethritis seen at VD clinics in the United States. Well-controlled etiologic studies in nongonococcal urethritis have implicated Chlamydia in over 40% of cases but the etiology of Chlamydia-negative cases remains uncertain. Tetracycline provides effective antimicrobial therapy, but tests for cure are often inadequate, and distinguishing relapse and reinfection is difficult. For tetracycline-allergic patients, erythromycin should be used. Control measures to decrease transmission of nongonococcal urethritis are not well established.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037101"}
{"pmid": "1037103", "title": "Skin changes of the sunset years.", "content": "Skin changes of the sunset years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037103"}
{"pmid": "1037104", "title": "Social class and morbidity in clinically treated alcoholics.", "content": "Social class and morbidity in clinically treated alcoholics. The lifetime physical disease profiles of 122 lower and 724 middle class non-skid row alcoholics admitted to an inpatient treatment facility were compared to further clarify the significance of social class as a determinant of morbidity in alcoholics. The overall severity of physical disease and the frequency of all recorded lifetime illness diagnoses were greater in the lower than in the middle class. The former experienced more trauma, genitourinary disorders, venereal disease and malnutrition, as well as small excesses of respiratory and nervous system disorders. There were no class differences in the lifetime frequencies of liver and biliary tract, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, endocrine and metabolic, integumentary, locomotor and haemopoietic disorders, or in the incidences of a number of disease entities including acute brain syndromes and chronic brain damage. The drinking patterns of the classes were similar, but the average duration of hazardous drinking was longer and the average current consumption was greater in the lower class. There were no class differences, however, in the average duration of hazardous drinking before the first occurrence of certain diseases. The referral sources of the classes were significantly different. Possible explanations for the differences between the findings of this and earlier studies are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037104"}
{"pmid": "1037090", "title": "Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: B. Khorassan Part V: Report on a focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Esferayen.", "content": "Epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: B. Khorassan Part V: Report on a focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Esferayen. During August and September 1975, an epidemiological investigation was carried out in another focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Khorassan province namely the Esferayen district located in the north western part of this province. The disease in Esferayen area is of zoonotic type having Rhombomys opimus as reservoir and P. papatasi as vector.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037090"}
{"pmid": "1037107", "title": "Immune deposit nephritis in infectious mononucleosis.", "content": "Immune deposit nephritis in infectious mononucleosis. A 22-year-old white male (L.V.) died of gram-negative septicemia complicating infectious mononucleosis (IM) that was associated with jaundice and oliguric renal failure. The kidney showed mesangial granular deposits of IgM and C3, mesangial electrondense deposits, and interstitial infiltrates of infiltrates of mononuclear cells, including atypical lymphocytes. Eluates obtained from kidney, spleen and liver contained Paul--Bunnell (PB) antibodies. Presence of PB antigens in these tissues was indicated by absorption of PB antibodies from IM sera, with the sediments resulting from tissue elutions. The IgM mesangial deposits were partially eluted with acid buffer at 56 degrees C and then reconstituted by incubation with IM sera or with immunoglobulins eluted from tissues of patient L.V. The presence in renal structures of PB antigens, IgM heterophile antibody, C3 and electron-dense deposits is consistent with the hypothesis that heterophile immune complexes were localized in the kidney and that they contribute in the pathogenisis of IM nephritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037107"}
{"pmid": "1037106", "title": "Nutritional requirements of infants and need for supplementing milk diet with infant weaning foods.", "content": "Nutritional requirements of infants and need for supplementing milk diet with infant weaning foods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037106"}
{"pmid": "1037147", "title": "Alterations in pulmonary surfactant following sympathectomy.", "content": "Alterations in pulmonary surfactant following sympathectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037147"}
{"pmid": "1037148", "title": "Studies of an inhibitor of the thrombin-fibrinogen reaction localized in rat liver microsomes. Interference with the polymerization step.", "content": "Studies of an inhibitor of the thrombin-fibrinogen reaction localized in rat liver microsomes. Interference with the polymerization step. A heat-stable, macromolecular inhibitor of the thrombin-fibrinogen reaction localized in rat liver microsomes has been shown to interfere with the polymerization step in the fibrinogen-fibrin conversion. The inhibitor had no effect on thrombin activity as measured with the synthetic, chromogenic substrate BZ-Phe-Val-Arg-pNA. The amount of fibrin formed and the release of fibrinopeptide A were not affected by the inhibitor. Recording of turbidity at 350 nm and 600 nm indicated an inhibition of the lateral aggregation of the end-to-end fibrin polymers. The inhibitor was localized in both the luminal and membrane fractions of the microsomes. The inhibitor activity was not affected by warfarin treatment of the rats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037148"}
{"pmid": "1037149", "title": "Effect of the root extract of Fagara zanthoxyloides on blood coagulation.", "content": "Effect of the root extract of Fagara zanthoxyloides on blood coagulation. The clot-promoting activity of the aqueous extract of Fagara-zanthoxyloides Lam plant is described for the first time. It significantly shortened the PTT (K) of normal and factor VIII deficient plasma while it manifested no such action on factor IX-deficient plasma. This activity could be demonstrated in the residue of the lyophilized aqueous extract after its successive extraction with ether, chloroform and methanol. It could not be attributed to the purified fractions: Zanthoxylol or its modified form 3, 4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1 benzopyran-6-butyric acid (DBA), hesperidin, Fagaramide or the ether soluble fraction of the aqueous extract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037149"}
{"pmid": "1037150", "title": "The influence of ethanol feeding on the activities of factors II, VII, VIII, IX and X in rats.", "content": "The influence of ethanol feeding on the activities of factors II, VII, VIII, IX and X in rats. The effect of chronic administration of ethanol to rats in a controlled regimen upon the activities of the coagulation factors II, VII, VIII, IX and X has been studied. No significant differences were found for factor II, IX and X between the ethanol-treated rats and the control group given an isocaloric diet with carbohydrate replacing ethanol. Factor VII activity was somewhat higher and factor VIII activity decreased significantly in the experimental group when ethanol treatment was combined with an approximately two-fold increase in dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037150"}
{"pmid": "1037151", "title": "Bleeding disorder with abnormal wound healing, acid-soluble clots and normal factor XIII.", "content": "Bleeding disorder with abnormal wound healing, acid-soluble clots and normal factor XIII. An unusual bleeding disorder clinically resembling factor XIII deficiency is presented. The only detectable coagulation abnormality was rapid clot dissolution in 1% monochloroacetic acid. This abnormality was ascribed to the sustained increase of  a pepsin-like plasma protease which is activated at low pH. Asystematic search for similar phenomena revealed that massive blood transfusion may also enhance plasma-clot solubility in acid, possibly by release of a red cell protease. We conclude that the acid clot solubility test is not a specific indicator of factor XIII deficiency, but this simple assay is recommended for further studies of acid plasma protease activity. The diagnostic relevance and pathophysiologic importance of increased pepsin-like activity in plasma remain to be elucidated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037151"}
{"pmid": "1037152", "title": "Plasma factor XIII and platelet factor XIII in hyperlipaemia.", "content": "Plasma factor XIII and platelet factor XIII in hyperlipaemia. Plasma factor XIII activity measured by a quantitative assay was found to be significantly higher in hypertriglyceridaemic patients (type IV and combined hyperlipoproteinaemia), as compared to normolipaemic controls. No such elevation in plasma factor XIII activity was found in patients with type Ha hyperlipaemia. Plasma pseudocholinesterase was found to parallel the elevated factor XIII activity in hypertriglyceridaemic subjects. In contrast, platelet factor XIII activity was not raised in hyperlipaemic subjects, and plasma factor XIII was found to be normal in a normolipaemic subjects with thrombocythaemia. It was concluded that there is no significant contribution from platelets to plasma factor XIII activity, and that the observed increase in plasma factor XIII in hypertriglyceridaemia results from enhanced hepatic synthesis of the enzyme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037152"}
{"pmid": "1037153", "title": "Demonstration of reactivity to airborne and food allergens in cutaneous vasculitis by variations in fibrinopeptide A and other blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and complement parameters.", "content": "Demonstration of reactivity to airborne and food allergens in cutaneous vasculitis by variations in fibrinopeptide A and other blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and complement parameters. In a 32-year-old woman and a 40-year-old man with cutaneous vasculitis, etiological allergic responses to foods and airborne allergens were found. During provocation tests, observations were made on blood levels of fibrinopeptide A(FPA) and coagulation factors, fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and serum complement components. Skin biopsies were taken for microscopic and immunofluorescence analysis. In case 1, anaphylactoid allergy to milk and reaginic and anaphylactoid hypersensitivity to grass pollens were found. Dermal provocations with grass pollens gave arthralgia, hematomas, serum C3 fluctuation, factor VII reduction and fibrinolysis. During peroral milk challenge, transient increases in FPA and FDP levels were observed before symptoms appeared. In case 2, anaphylactoid hypersensitivity responses to bacteria, animal danders, foods and pollens were found. Two inhalations with sheep-wool extract resulted in a typical skin eruption. The first also gave an early reduction of C3 and then FPA liberation. Nasal birch-pollen test gave an increase of FPA in the latent period and then typical nodules. At least no low molecular weight FDP were detected during provocations. In patients with vasculitis reactions to exogenous allergens, FPA and FDP estimations after provocations may discriminate harmful from innocuous allergens and reveal individual response patterns in coagulation and fibrinolysis systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037153"}
{"pmid": "1037154", "title": "The effect of the fibrinogen concentration and the leukocyte count on intravascular fibrin deposition from soluble fibrin monomer complexes.", "content": "The effect of the fibrinogen concentration and the leukocyte count on intravascular fibrin deposition from soluble fibrin monomer complexes. Fibrin formation from fibrin monomer (FM) complexes was studied in experimental animals utilizing a previously described technique for quantitating fibrin deposition. A uniform thrombin infusion was used to produce FM, fibrinolysis being inhibited by EACA. In vivo complex formation between FM and 125I-fibrinogen was demonstrated chromatographically. A direct correlation was found between blood fibrinogen concentration and fibrin deposition in organs. By contrast, an inverse correlation between fibrinogen concentration and both enzymatic or non-enzymatic fibrin formation was found in vitro. The mechanism by which fibrinogen potentiates FM precipitation in vivo could not be explained by coprecipitation of fibrinogen in the complex which could not be demonstrated. The inhibitory effect of HN2 on fibrin deposition despite the associated hyperfibrinogemia induced by this drug is believed to underscore the importance of leukocytes in certain types of fibrin deposition. A correlation between the leukocyte count and fibrin formation from FM was also found. It was concluded that the risk of intravascular fibrin deposition is increased by a raised fibrinogen level especially when accompanied by leukocytosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037154"}
{"pmid": "1037156", "title": "Inhibitory effect of acetylsalicylic acid on human platelet function in normal volunteers and in women using a combined oral contraceptive regime.", "content": "Inhibitory effect of acetylsalicylic acid on human platelet function in normal volunteers and in women using a combined oral contraceptive regime. Six parameters related to the release reaction were measured simultaneously in 10 human volunteers prior to the intake of one single dose of 1 g acetylsalicylic acid and 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days alter: deltaE5 with diluted collagen, deltaE10 with Thrombofax and the serotonin-14C release by undiluted and diluted collagen, by Thrombofax and by bovine plasma. The duration of the inhibitory effect varied according to the test used. It was the most prolonged (through the 7th day) if serotonin-14C release by diluted collagen was measured. A systematic investigation of the platelet release reaction in women taking a combined oral contraceptive was also performed. There were no statistically significant differences from a control group. No difference in acetylsalicylic acid sensitivity, measured 24 hours after intake of 1 g of aspirin, could be demonstrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037156"}
{"pmid": "1037155", "title": "Thrombin elaboration in endotoxin-induced intravascular fibrin deposition. A leukocyte dependent process distinct from systemic hypercoagulability.", "content": "Thrombin elaboration in endotoxin-induced intravascular fibrin deposition. A leukocyte dependent process distinct from systemic hypercoagulability. Intravascular coagulation was induced by two appropriately spaced doses of endotoxin and by infusion of thromboplastin. The resulting fibrin deposition was measured by a previously described quantitative technique. Evidence of thrombin elaboration was obtained indirectly by measurement of fibrin monomer (FM) and by the detection and isolation of a thrombin-induced anticlotting activity. Venous segments were isolated at intervals and examined for thrombus formation following 40 minutes of stasis. Endotoxin triggered thrombin elaboration was not detectable in the circulation for at least one hour and was not accompanied by any thrombosis in isolated venous segments. No thrombin elaboration was found in leukopenic rabbits given endotoxin. In the thromboplastin infused animals, the quantity of fibrin deposited in the organs was comparable to that found after endotoxin. However, thrombin was found in the blood immediately and was associated with thrombosis in the isolatet venous segments. Less thrombin-induced anticoagulant activity was found after thromboplastin than after endotoxin. The findings suggest that endotoxin-induced intravascular coagulation is probably not caused by a mechanism of systemic hypercoagulability due to the release of thromboplastic material into the blood stream. A focal process of thrombin elaboration involving leukocytes is postulated. The study is believed relevant to patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation in whom venous thromboembolism is rarely found despite evidence of extensive microvascular fibrin deposition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037155"}
{"pmid": "1037157", "title": "Effect of aspirin on platelet phospholipids.", "content": "Effect of aspirin on platelet phospholipids. It was observed that the acetylsalicylic acid \"in vitro\" (final concentration 10(-4) M) as well as \"in vivo\" (1 g of aspirin) caused a platelet phospholipids variation which basically consisted of: 1. A diminution of the phospholipids/proteins rate of 22%. 2. A reduction of sphingomyelin \"in vivo\" of 27.66% and \"in vitro\" of 16.82%. 3. An increase in phosphatidyl choline \"in vivo\" of 12.24% and \"in vitro\" 10.28%. The possible effects that these changes might have on the platelet function are evaluated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037157"}
{"pmid": "1037158", "title": "Impairment of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by hashish components.", "content": "Impairment of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by hashish components. ADP-induced aggregation of washed human platelets is inhibited by the hashish components delta1-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). The inhibition is counteracted by added ADP. When the cannabinoids are present at concentrations higher than 10(-5)M, the platelets aggregate non-reversibly, independently of an added inducer, apparently due to lysis and release of endogenous inducers. THC is clearly more potent than CBD in exhibiting the biphasic effect. Collagen- and thrombin-induced aggregation of washed platelets are hardly affected by the cannabinoids. THC and CBD also curtail ADP-induced reversible aggregation in platelet-rich plasma, while serotonin release and irreversible aggregation, caused by either ADP, collagen or thrombin, are not affected by the cannabinoids in platelet-rich plasma. The data point to associated sites for ADP and the cannabinoids on the platelet membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037158"}
{"pmid": "1037159", "title": "A new therapy in post-traumatic intravascular coagulation?", "content": "A new therapy in post-traumatic intravascular coagulation?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037159"}
{"pmid": "1037161", "title": "Platelets in the urine: further evidence.", "content": "Platelets in the urine: further evidence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037161"}
{"pmid": "1037160", "title": "Recurrent thromboembolism with spontaneous platelet aggregation.", "content": "Recurrent thromboembolism with spontaneous platelet aggregation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037160"}
{"pmid": "1037162", "title": "An inverse relation between platelet factor 4 in the platelet and in the plasma.", "content": "An inverse relation between platelet factor 4 in the platelet and in the plasma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037162"}
{"pmid": "1037167", "title": "An environmental sanitation plan for the Mediterranean seaboard. Pollution and human health.", "content": "An environmental sanitation plan for the Mediterranean seaboard. Pollution and human health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037167"}
{"pmid": "1037163", "title": "Nature and properties of C3Hf natural antitumor cytotoxins directed against murine lymphosarcoma cells.", "content": "Nature and properties of C3Hf natural antitumor cytotoxins directed against murine lymphosarcoma cells. The nature and some biological properties of the natural antitumor cytotoxins previously found in normal C3Hf serum, have been investigated. By immunoelectronmicroscopy study, employing rabbit hybrid antibodies with specificity for mouse Ig and ferritin, the C3Hf cytotoxins were shown to belong to immunoglobulins. By gel filtration, by inhibition experiments of the cytotoxic serum activity with monospecific anti-IgG and anti-IgM sera, and by 2-mercaptoethanol treatment of the C3Hf serum, the cytotoxic immunoglobulins were demonstrated to belong to the IgM class. They were not inactivated by heating until 60 degrees C and were able to activate guinea pig, rabbit, and human complement. The highest cytotoxic activity of the normal C3Hf serum was found when cells and serum were incubated at the low temperature, suggesting a low binding affinity of the cytotoxic IgM.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037163"}
{"pmid": "1037174", "title": "The longest symbiotic bacterium as found in a membracid insect.", "content": "The longest symbiotic bacterium as found in a membracid insect. An insect tumour cell, carrying germs, contains nuclei and also cellular debris as protoplasmic and nuclear degradation bodies. In histological sections the nucleus may be seen surrounded by such bodies, cut across, which then appear round in form. They have therefore been mistaken for yeast-like germs, called \"Cicadomyces\". But in smears the protoplasmic debris is stained blue and reveals bizarre shapes. T. assamensis is an exception and offers the key to properly interpret the bodies named Cicadomyces. Its symbiote is a long filamentous bacterium and persists in protoplasmic debris, the so-called Cicadomyces. Since Cicadomyces themselves cannot be infected by germs as long as themselves, the former can only represent cellular degradation bodies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037174"}
{"pmid": "1037176", "title": "Evaluation of some biological tests as parameters for microbial activities in soils. I. Laboratory experiments.", "content": "Evaluation of some biological tests as parameters for microbial activities in soils. I. Laboratory experiments. The experiments were confined to the effects of the addition of different sources of carbon (glucose, wheat straw, and sawdust) on the microbial activities in soils: loamy sand, loam and saline clay were used. The parameters used for this purpose were total bacterial counts, dehydrogenase test, CO2 evolution, and oxidation of organic carbon. Salinity of soils had deleterious effects on all the parameters used. Addition of organic matter resulted in marked increases in bacterial counts, formazan production, and CO2 evolution. Glucose showed the most rapid effect and highest levels. Wheat straw yielded the highest results and sawdust always showed the least effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037176"}
{"pmid": "1037177", "title": "Evaluation of some biological tests as parameters for microbial activities in soils. II. Field investigations.", "content": "Evaluation of some biological tests as parameters for microbial activities in soils. II. Field investigations. Investigations were designed to study the effect of certain factors on the microbial activities in soil. The parameters, used as an index of the microbial activities, were total bacterial counts, dehydrogenase activity, oxidation of organic carbon, and CO2 evolved/7 days. Bahteem Farm clay soil was examined for determining the effects of depth, type of fertilization, and crop rotation on the microbial activities. It appears that the microbial activities, as indicated by the tested parameters, were more pronounced in the surface 15 cm-layer than in the subsurface layer (15-30 cm). Results of all the parameters tested showed markedly higher increases with farmyard manure than with nitrogenous fertilizer and in the control, without significant differences between the latter two. Moreover, the time of sampling had no effect on the results obtained for all parameters. Different types of rotations did not exert significant variation in total bacterial counts, though more than one crop per year increased the organic carbon content of soil and mostly the dehydrogenase activity, whereas the evolution of CO2 tended to decrease. At Gabal el-Asfar Farm, the effect of irrigation with sewage effluent, for long periods, on the microbial activities of sandy soil was investigated. Sewage water stimulated the total bacteria, raised the dehydrogenase activity, the organic carbon, and the production of CO2. In North El Tahreer and Mariut Sectors, the effect of both the type and age of cultivation on the microbial activities in the calcareous soils were examined. Cultivation raised the figures of all the tested parameters progressively with time of cultivation. It was also noticed that crops exerted more beneficial effects on microbial activities than orchards, and the dehydrogenase test was the most reliable parameter to reveal this fact.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037177"}
{"pmid": "1037179", "title": "Assimilation of phenols by soybean bacteroids.", "content": "Assimilation of phenols by soybean bacteroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037179"}
{"pmid": "1037180", "title": "Effect of anionic detergents on Azotobacter.", "content": "Effect of anionic detergents on Azotobacter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037180"}
{"pmid": "1037181", "title": "Biological activities during ripening of composts.", "content": "Biological activities during ripening of composts. Three investigations were carried out. The first determined the relationships between dehydrogenase acitivty throughout the course of composting wheat straw and the changes in both organic carbon and total nitrogen. The second investigation tested the validity of the first investigation results. The third dealt with the effect of the degree of ripening of a compost, expressed by age and C/N ratio, on its dehydrogenase activity, and production of CO2. The results revealed continual decreases in the organic carbon, coincident with increases in total N and dehydrogenase activity. Noticeable chemical and biological changes occurred in the first and third month. Levels of dehydrogenase were highest in rice straw and lowest in cotton stalk compost, while the wheat straw compost occupied an intermediate position. Aging of the compost resulted in increases in the dehydrogenase figures and decreases in the amounts of CO2 produced.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037181"}
{"pmid": "1037183", "title": "New leaf diseases of barley in Egypt.", "content": "New leaf diseases of barley in Egypt. Leaf diseases of barley were observed also in Egypt. From leaves of barley were isolated: Helminthosporium teres, H. gramineum, Stemphylium vesicarium, Alternaria triticina, Vlocladium chartarum, Acnemonium kiliense, Stemphylium spec. accompanied with the Pleospora stage. Inoculations on both attached and detached leaves showed that all the tested fungi were pathogenic, except Acremonium kiliense and Ulocladium chartarum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037183"}
{"pmid": "1037184", "title": "The formation of heteroagglutinins in rats \"chemically\" splenectomized by ethyl palmitate, in comparison to animals surgically splenectomized.", "content": "The formation of heteroagglutinins in rats \"chemically\" splenectomized by ethyl palmitate, in comparison to animals surgically splenectomized. In Wistar rats \"chemically splenectomized\" by an i.v. injection of ethyl palmitate the formation of heteroagglutinins against human O-erythrocytes has been followed. Ethyl palmitate applied 2 hrs before immunization induced on the 5th day a significant decrease of the antibody level. This temporary inhibition, however, was at a later stage replaced by a significant increase of antibody level with the peak of 8--14 days. Animals surgically splenectomized 24 hrs prior to immunization displayed a weak antibody response throughout the experiment. An injection of the ethyl palmitate on the 6th day after immunization induced a pronounced and persistent decrease of the antibody level. Surgical splenectomy performed within the same interval had a comparable effect. The experiments revealed that the inhibitory effect of ethyl palmitate on antibody production was temporary only, and at a later stage could be compensated by an enhanced antibody activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037184"}
{"pmid": "1037193", "title": "Study of energy expenditure and food intake of some working class people of Bangladesh: part -II.", "content": "Study of energy expenditure and food intake of some working class people of Bangladesh: part -II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037193"}
{"pmid": "1037191", "title": "Incidence of intestinal parasites in children of different socio-economic population of Dacca city.", "content": "Incidence of intestinal parasites in children of different socio-economic population of Dacca city. Stool samples of 1500 children of different socio-economic status of Dacca city was examined for the presence of intestinal parasites. Samples were collected on voluntary basis which may be treated as randomised. Out of these 1500 children, 816 were male and 684 were female. The overall incidence of parasites was 65.80%, the male children slightly prepondering over the female children. Children of age group 6-10 years showed high incidence of almost all the parasites. Children of Basti area showed the highest incidence (about 90%) and most of them harboured multiple parasites. About 27.13% of infants under the age of one year (mostly from Basti area) harboured parasites. Intestinal parasites were observed that both housing and economic status played vital roles in the occurrence of intestinal parasitosis but the housing and environmental conditions were found to be in a stronger position than economic status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037191"}
{"pmid": "1037192", "title": "Effects of tranquillising, antidepressant and central nervous system stimulant drugs on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level of rat brain.", "content": "Effects of tranquillising, antidepressant and central nervous system stimulant drugs on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level of rat brain. The level of y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was determined in the brain of rats 1 hr. after i.p. injection of chlorpromazine, prochlorperazine, diazepam, trimipramine, methamphetamine and nikethamide. Diazepam increased, and, trimipramine and amphetamine decreased the brain GABA level over wide dose ranges. Low doses of chlorpromazine and prochlorperazine increased but high doses of the drugs reduced the GABA level. Low doses of nikethamide reduced whereas high doses increased the level of GABA. The effects of the drugs have been discussed in relation to the brain GABA level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037192"}
{"pmid": "1037194", "title": "Infective polyneuropathy (a report of 14 cases).", "content": "Infective polyneuropathy (a report of 14 cases). Fourteen cases of infective polyneuropathy were admitted in the Institute of Postgraduate Medicine and Research, Dacca, during a period of one year. The clinical features and laboratory investigations of these patients have been recorded. The management was done as usual but particular stress was given to the use of a short course of corticosteriod to all patients. The results of treatment was satisfactory and uniform for majority of the cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037194"}
{"pmid": "1037195", "title": "Food intake of the Chittagong Hill tribes of Bangladesh.", "content": "Food intake of the Chittagong Hill tribes of Bangladesh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037195"}
{"pmid": "1037196", "title": "Liver reserve of vitamin A from medico-legel cases in Bangladesh.", "content": "Liver reserve of vitamin A from medico-legel cases in Bangladesh.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037196"}
{"pmid": "1037197", "title": "Changes in the process of aging.", "content": "Changes in the process of aging. Anthropometric data, caloric intake and blood glucose, cholesterol, urea and bilirubin level were compared in a group of elderly persons (mean age, 55.72 years in males and 52.04 years in females) with a group of young persons (mean age, 27.80 years in males and 27.30 years in females) from similar socio-economic background. It was observed the elderly persons were slightly heavier than the young persons and consumed less calories. In the absence of active disease, the blood glucose, cholesterol, urea and bilirubin of the elderly persons were within normal limits and comparable to young persons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037197"}
{"pmid": "1037198", "title": "Cirrohosis of liver in Bangladesh, part--II.", "content": "Cirrohosis of liver in Bangladesh, part--II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037198"}
{"pmid": "1037199", "title": "Incidence and causes of blindness amongst the rural population.", "content": "Incidence and causes of blindness amongst the rural population. A survey of blindness was conducted in a few union councils of the districts of Chittagong, Comilla and Noakhali in a population of 1,14,624 and 1,085 cases of blindness (842 adults and 243 children) were detected. The most common cause of blindness in the adults was cataract whereas in the children it was corneal affection. Trauma constituted 26.7% of blindness in the children and 10.2% in the adults. Glaucoma was responsible for 16.3% of blindness in the adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037199"}
{"pmid": "1037200", "title": "Chronic diarrhoeal diseases in adults (a preliminary report).", "content": "Chronic diarrhoeal diseases in adults (a preliminary report). The relationship of chronic diarrhoeal diseases in adults on socio-economic condition, parasitic infestation and degree of anaemia have been investigated. The disease was more prevalent in poor socio-economic group of people. Most of the patients had mixed parasitic infestations. Anaemia was present in all the cases. Difference in the degree of anaemia was not significant amongst the patients having either Ascaris or hookworm infestation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037200"}
{"pmid": "1037205", "title": "Gas chromatographic determination of dimethophrine in biological specimens of rabbit.", "content": "Gas chromatographic determination of dimethophrine in biological specimens of rabbit. A method to measure the alpha-sympathomimetic amine, 1-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-monomethyl-amino-ethanol (dimethophrine, DMP), was developed and applied for the determination of the drug in biological specimens. The gas chromatographic degradation of the drug was investigated, and in order to avoid this process, DMP is converted to the trifluoroacetyl derivative and assayed by gas liquid chromatography on an OV 1' column. The minimum detectable amount is 25 pg per injection. Linearity (using hexachlorobenzene as internal standard for quantitation) was found up to mug amounts of the substance, without any interference with endogenous substrates. Values from plasma, red blood cells and urine in rabbits treated with a single dose of DMP (10 mg/kg) are also reported.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037205"}
{"pmid": "1037206", "title": "Drug absorption from the irradiated rat small intestine in situ.", "content": "Drug absorption from the irradiated rat small intestine in situ. The absorption of acidic drugs phenobarbitone and sulphafurazole, basic drugs mecamylamine and quinidine, and a neutral drug isoniazid was studied in situ. Rats were irradiated 750 rad whole-body with 60Co and the absorption experiment was done three and six days thereafter using the cannulated small intestine of urethane-anaesthetized rats. Drug disappearance from the intestinal lumen and drug levels in the whole blood and intestinal wall were measured. In control rats phenobarbitone showed the most rapid absorption and mecamylamine the slowest. Irradiation retarded the disappearance of all drugs from the intestinal lumen on the third postirradiation day. Fluid absorption was also diminished. On the sixth postirradiation day the absorption of phenobarbitone, sulphafurazole and mecamylamine had returned to the control level, but the absorption of quinidine and isoniazid was still retarded. After i.v. administration of drugs they were not significantly excreted into the intestinal contents and irradiation did not modify excretion. The distribution of drugs between the intestinal fluid and the intestinal wall was complete in the first 10 min of experiment. Mecamylamine and quinidine were lowered in the whole blood by irradiation. Blood levels of drugs did not correlate well to the rate of disappearance of drugs from the intestinal lumen. The reversible changes in absorption induced by irradiation are probably secondary effects of irradiation on intestinal morphology, permeability and transport capacity, composition, and possibly blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037206"}
{"pmid": "1037202", "title": "Studies on the determination and induction of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase.", "content": "Studies on the determination and induction of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase. To determine the activity of cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, different fractions from rat liver homogenates are incubated with glucose-6-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP as well as with cholesterol-4-14C. The 7alpha-hydroxycholesterol-4-14C formed is separated from the extract of the incubation preparation by means of thin-layer chromatography and its radioactivity is calculated as a percentage (conversion figure) of the total radioactivity on the plate. The highest conversion is found in the 18 000 X g supernatant. It is of the order of 1--4%. This activity decreases to about one-half when the homogenate or the cell fraction is stored, while cooling, for two days. It can be shown that repeated pretreatment of rats with phenobarbital increases the activity of hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase by more than three times over the control values. 1-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl-acetyl)-4-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (Bay a 4798) a choleretically active drug also increases the activity of this enzyme in the rat more than twofold. This effect is confirmed by reduced biliary excretion of radioactive cholesterol and increased biliary excretion of radioactive bile acids following i.v. administration of DL-mevalolactone-2-14C and continuous intraduodenal infusion of Bay a 4798.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037202"}
{"pmid": "1037208", "title": "Posthaemorrhagic iron deficiency. Clinical course, 59Fe whole-body iron losses, and oral iron supplementation.", "content": "Posthaemorrhagic iron deficiency. Clinical course, 59Fe whole-body iron losses, and oral iron supplementation. Clinical and laboratory data characterizing post-haemorrhagic anaemia with still normal iron stores and posthaemorrhagic iron deficiency in the manifest, latent or prelatent stage are presented. Initially, increased 59Fe whole-body iron losses (greater than 0.1-3.6%/day) returned to normal range (less than 0.1%/day) after haemostasis. Subsequently, slow increase of haemoglobin and repletion of iron stores occurred under normal diets. Manifest, latent, and prelatent iron deficiencies were corrected much more rapidly by total doses of 12.0, 10.5 and 8.0 g iron (Fe2+ sulfate), respectively, when 2 X 50 mg/day were given in quick-release capsules apart from meals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037208"}
{"pmid": "1037209", "title": "The effect of colestipol on digitoxin plasma levels.", "content": "The effect of colestipol on digitoxin plasma levels. The effect of colestipol (colestipol hydrochloride; U-26 597 A), a copolymer of tetraethylenepentamine and epichlorhydrine, on plasma digitoxin levels has been investigated. Recently, it has been stated that colestipol decreases the enterohepatic circulation and the plasma half-life of digitoxin. Colestipol was administered to 11 patients having a digitoxin plasma level which is generally accepted to be above the therapeutic range (greater than 40 ng/ml). The elimination rate of digitoxin measured by serial radioimmunoassay in these colestipol treated patients was compared with the elimination rate of digitoxin in 11 patients not treated with colestipol. The results of this study did not demonstrate a significant difference in the mean (+/- S.D.) digitoxin plasma half-life between the colestipol treated (6.3 +/- 1.3 days) and the non-colestipol treated patients (6.8 +/- 1.0 days).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037209"}
{"pmid": "1037210", "title": "The influence of cholic acid and dehydrocholic acid on the biliary excretion of unconjugated and conjugated sulfobromophthalein in rats.", "content": "The influence of cholic acid and dehydrocholic acid on the biliary excretion of unconjugated and conjugated sulfobromophthalein in rats. Urethane anesthetized Wistar rats with biliary fistulas were infused during 100 min with sulfobromophthalein (BSP), the glutathione conjugate of sulfobromophthalein (BSP-GSH), cholic acid (CA) and dehydrocholic acid (DCA). The dyes (594 nmol/100 g/min) and the bile acids (1200 nmol/100 g/min) were infused separately, and in combination as well. When BSP was infused, CA and DCA increased the maximal excretion of total BSP (conjugated plus unconjugated) from 1400 to 4100 and 3300 nmol/100 g/10 min. The bile flow observed with BSP plus CA was not significantly different from that with BSP plus DCA. The biliary excretion of total BSP was higher throughout with CA than with DCA because CA increased the biliary concentration of PSP while DCA did not. The bile flow attained with CA alone was significantly lower than that with BSP plus CA. The current data provide arguments for abandoning the view that choleresis per se is the crucial determinant for BSP excretion. When BSP-GSH was infused instead of BSP, the excretion rate of the dye was not altered by the additional infusion of CA whereas it was significantly reduced by DCA. The maximal biliary concentration of BSP-GSH fell from 25.9 nmol/mul to 15.3 and 9.4 nmol/mul with CA and DCA, respectively. Both CA and DCA impaired the hepatic uptake of BSP and BSP-GSH. During the infusion with CA, BSP plus CA and BSP-GSH plus CA the biliary excretion rates of bile acids did not differ significantly from each other. This favours the view that the transfer for CA from the liver to bile is different from that for BSP and BSP-GSH. A fraction of bile fluid \"independent of choleretics\" (viz. of bile salts, BSP and BSP-GSH) is estimated and discussed in view of the different types of infusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037210"}
{"pmid": "1037211", "title": "The synthesis of ethyl apovincaminate.", "content": "The synthesis of ethyl apovincaminate. Starting from (+) vincamine (I), simple derivatives of vincaminic acid (II), apovincaminic acid (V) and apovincaminol (VII) were synthetized. Out of these the synthesis of ethyl apovincaminate (Cavinton), as a representative, is described in detail. The water elimination and esterification of II can be carried out in one step.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037211"}
{"pmid": "1037212", "title": "General and cerebral haemodynamic activity of ethyl apovincaminate.", "content": "General and cerebral haemodynamic activity of ethyl apovincaminate. Systemic and cerebral haemodynamic effects of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton), a new compound, have been investigated in anaesthetized dogs. The compound was administered i.v. and produced an increase in cerebral blood flow accompanied by a decrease in cerebral vascular resistance which persisted for 15 min. The effective dose was 0.2-0.5 mg/kg. Mean arterial blood pressure, total peripheral resistance and cardiac work were decreased, heart rate and cardiac output were increased. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen was enhanced. It is assumed that the compound has a direct effect on cerebral metabolism. RGH-4405 has a weak antiarrhythmic and coronary dilating activity. Its effect on smooth muscle is more marked than that of papaverine. RGH-4405 appears to be a potent cerebral vasodilator enhancing cerebral metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037212"}
{"pmid": "1037213", "title": "Effect of oral pretreatment with ethyl apovincaminate on the cardiac output and nutritive blood flow of various organs in rats.", "content": "Effect of oral pretreatment with ethyl apovincaminate on the cardiac output and nutritive blood flow of various organs in rats. Effect of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton), administered repeatedly p.o. in doses of 0.5-1.5-4.5 mg/100 g body weight for 5 days, on cardiac output and organ fractions of cardiac output were studied in rats anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital by Evans-blue dilution and isotope fractionation technique of Sapirstein. Cardiac output, cerebral, coronary, renal, intestinal and dermal blood flow was increased by 18-42% after 4.5 mg/100 g Cavinton, while blood pressure was unaltered. Total peripheral resistance, cerebral, coronary, dermal resistance and that of the carcass decreased significantly. Organ fractions of the cardiac output were not significantly altered after treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037213"}
{"pmid": "1037214", "title": "Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on cerebral, cardiac and renal flow rate in dogs in the course of administration.", "content": "Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on cerebral, cardiac and renal flow rate in dogs in the course of administration. Cerebral, myocardial and renal capillary flow rate was significantly increased by 10 to 20 mug/kg/min doses of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) injected in slow infusion to dogs. These effects were long-lasting. Since perfusion pressure and heart rate were not affected by the compound, it was concluded that increased flow rate was attributable to decrease of peripheral vascular resistance. Results indicate that Cavinton has a vasodilatory effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037214"}
{"pmid": "1037215", "title": "Protective activity of ethyl apovincaminate on ischaemic anoxia of the brain.", "content": "Protective activity of ethyl apovincaminate on ischaemic anoxia of the brain. Effects of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton), a new cerebral metabolic and vasodilatory agent, on cerebral regulatory functions under ischaemic anoxia were studied on immobilized cats by EEG. Cortical resistance time increased and recovery time decreased for a long period after i.v. administration of the compound. Results point to the possibility of further enhancement of cerebral regulatory processes by specific drug effects. It is assumed that tolerance or adaptation to hypoxia might be increased by RGH-4405 if spontaneous regulatory processes are impaired.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037215"}
{"pmid": "1037216", "title": "Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on cerebral circulation of dogs under normal conditions and in arterial hypoxia.", "content": "Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on cerebral circulation of dogs under normal conditions and in arterial hypoxia. Effects of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg i.v. doses of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) on cerebral blood flow, determined in the internal carotid and vertebral artery, were studied in anaesthetized dogs under 21, 16 and 11% O2 inhalation. Total cerebral blood flow was increased by 4 mg/kg Cavinton under normal O2 and between 100 to 200 mmHg perfusion pressures, while 2 mg/kg doses were effective under hypoxia. Similar phenomena were observed in the carotid and vertebral flow, separately. Arterial hypoxia seems to potentiate the effect of Cavinton on cerebral blood flow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037216"}
{"pmid": "1037218", "title": "Pharmacokinetic data on tritium labelled ethyl apovincaminate.", "content": "Pharmacokinetic data on tritium labelled ethyl apovincaminate. Absorption, tissue distribution and excretion of tritium labelled ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) were studied. Both oral and i.p. administration resulted in a relatively rapid elimination of tritium activity, suggesting that neither the original drug nor its metabolites remained in the organism of rat. 50% of radioactivity was recovered in urine and 30% in faeces during 48 h. At this time only liver and kidneys contained measurable quantities of radioactivity among the organs tested. Biliary route of elimination seemed to be important, since 20% and 4% of radioactivity appeared in bile during 9 h following i.p. and p.o. administration, respectively. Enterohepatic circulation was of no consequence. Radioactivity was hardly adsorbed to or absorbed by blood cells and was almost completely bound by plasma protein(s).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037218"}
{"pmid": "1037217", "title": "Effects of ethyl apovincaminate on the central nervous system.", "content": "Effects of ethyl apovincaminate on the central nervous system. Side effects of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton), a cerebral vasodilatory agent, on the central nervous system were studied on mice and rats. Anticonvulsive effect in electroshock was observed as major CNS effect, locomotor activity was reduced due to muscle relaxant effect. The compound had no sedative effect on rodents. Its analgesic effect was negligible. Cavinton had neither antidepressive, nor anticholinergic activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037217"}
{"pmid": "1037219", "title": "Metabolism of ethyl apovincaminate in the rat.", "content": "Metabolism of ethyl apovincaminate in the rat. Ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) is well metabolized in rat, and only a small fraction of the original compound is excreted in urine. The main urinary metabolite is apovincaminic acid, hydrolytical product of Cavinton produced partly by plasma esterases. In plasma only the original compound and free acid are detectable. Several other metabolites have been isolated from bile and characterized by mass spectrometry. Cavinton is hydroxylated at the indole moiety and forms conjugates (possibly glucuronide and sulfate). The glycine derivative of apovincaminic acid containing two hydroxygroups has been detected in significant amounts, analysed by mass spectrometry. Among minor metabolites vincaminic acid ethyl ester has been found. More than 80% of total urinary and 50% of total biliary metabolites have been identified by radiochromatography, mass and IR spectroscopy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037219"}
{"pmid": "1037220", "title": "Summary of safety tests of ethyl apovincaminate.", "content": "Summary of safety tests of ethyl apovincaminate. Subchronic toxicity test (4-week p.o. on rats with 25 and 100 mg/kg; 3-month i.p. with 5 and 25 mg/kg; 3-month i.v. with 2 and 5 mg/kg daily doses on dogs) and chronic toxicity tests (6-month p.o. on rats with 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg and on dogs with 5 and 25 mg/kg daily doses) were performed with ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton), a cerebral vasodilatory compound, to study adverse effects in adult age. Reproduction tests (male and female fertility test on rats p.o. with 10 and 50 mg/kg; teratogenicity test in midpregnancy on rats p.o. with 12.5, 25, 50 mg/kg, 15, 50, 150 mg/kg, and 15, 45, 135 mg/kg daily doses, i.v. with 3.13, 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg daily doses; on rabbits p.o. with 6, 12 and 18 mg/kg daily doses; peri- and postnatal studies in late pregnancy on rats p.o. with 15, 45 and 135 mg/kg i.v. with 4.13, 6.25, and 12.5 mg/kg daily doses) were carried out to study harmful effects in various early phases of life. Local tolerance was studied after i.m. and i.v. application. It was concluded that the planned 3 X 5 or 3 X 10 mg daily oral dose, 1 X 10 mg i.v. dose of Cavinton were safe for human application in adult age. Although the compound proved not to be teratogenic, it is not recommended for administration to pregnant women because of liability of increased sensitivity in pregnancy. Therapy of women in fertile age should be interrupted in case of pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037220"}
{"pmid": "1037221", "title": "Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on the cerebral circulation. Studies in patients with obliterative cerebral arterial disease.", "content": "Effect of ethyl apovincaminate on the cerebral circulation. Studies in patients with obliterative cerebral arterial disease. The effect of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) on the cerebral and systemic circulations has been studied in detail in ten cases of cerebrovascular disease. 10 mg doses of Cavinton were given as infusion within 4-6 min; circulatory tests were carried out prior to administration of the drug and 3-6 min after. The principal results showed the following: On Cavinton cerebral vascular resistance was strongly reduced, while cerebral fraction of cardiac output significantly increased. On acute effect of the drug arterial mean pressure slightly decreased but cerebral blood flow nevertheless increased in general. Total vascular resistance also decreased but this decrease was less marked than that registered in cerebral vascular resistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037221"}
{"pmid": "1037222", "title": "Rheoencephalographic and psychological studies with ethyl apovincaminate in cerebral vascular insufficiency.", "content": "Rheoencephalographic and psychological studies with ethyl apovincaminate in cerebral vascular insufficiency. The effect of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) on the rheoencephalogram and memory functions was studied in 50 patients with ischaemic disturbances of cerebral circulation. The drug was administered in a single i.v. dose of 10 mg and orally three times daily 5 mg for a month. Improvement of cerebral circulation was observed after i.v. and oral medication. Blood flow was most markedly increased in the gray matter. The effect on arterial pressure was negligible. Improvement of memorizing capacity evaluated by psychological tests was recorded after one month of Cavinton treatment, associated with alleviation or complete disappearance of symptoms. No side-effects attributable to the drug were observed. It is pointed out that Cavinton is indicated in the treatment of ischaemic disorders of the cerebral circulation, particularly in chronic insufficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037222"}
{"pmid": "1037223", "title": "Study on the vasodilator effects of ethyl apovincaminate in neurosurgical patients.", "content": "Study on the vasodilator effects of ethyl apovincaminate in neurosurgical patients. Studies have been performed in a series of 44 neurosurgical cases. The patients were subjected to detailed neurological examination and EEG after admission and before being discharged. The effect of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) on cortical electric activity was investigated after the administration of 10 mg i.v. Cavinton. In cases on long-term courses of three times daily 5 mg Cavinton in tablets, control EEG was performed one and two months, respectively, after the start of medication. The state of vessels of the eye-ground was also checked. In cerebral angiography attention was concentrated on width of the vascular lumen and visualization of Cavinton effect on vessels which on account of narrowing or spasm had not filled up with contrast medium prior to Cavinton. During angiography the patients were given i.v. 10 mg. Cavinton diluted to 10 ml with physiological saline. In the cases where investigations failed to reveal any change requiring neurosurgical intervention and insufficient cerebral circulation had to be held responsible for the patient's condition, three times 10 mg Cavinton i.v. was administered daily as long as the patient was at our Department. After having been discharged these patients took three times daily 5 mg Cavinton in tablets. Duration of the course of oral Cavinton depended on the degree of improvement in the patient's condition. Cavinton was used with success in cases where cerebral circulation was damaged for functional or organic reasons. Allergic hypersensitivity did not occur in any of the cases, either on single doses or long-term use of parenteral or oral Cavinton.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037223"}
{"pmid": "1037224", "title": "The effect of ethyl apovincaminate on the circulation of the eyeground.", "content": "The effect of ethyl apovincaminate on the circulation of the eyeground. Ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton), contrary to the active vasodilators used up to the present, increases blood pressure of the eyeground. Dynamics of the eyeground circulation has been investigated with fluorescein angiography performed at certain points of time. Blood supply of the macula lutea was increased in the first place by Cavinton.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037224"}
{"pmid": "1037225", "title": "Use of ethyl apovincaminate in ophthalmological therapy.", "content": "Use of ethyl apovincaminate in ophthalmological therapy. Ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) has been administered to 100 predominantly arteriosclerotic patients to increase circulation in the eyeground. Visual acuities improved in 88 cases, by 73% in average; in twelve cases there was no change, but deterioration did not occur. Improvement was still more significant (267%) in occlusions and retinopathies associated with atherosclerosis of the central retinal artery. The dose of Cavinton was 20 mg in drop infusion or three times daily 10 mg i.v. Side-effects, if any, disappeared spontaneously upon reduction of the dose. The improvement paralleled the increases of the blood pressures in the central retinal arteries. This increase of pressure head is suggested to dilate passively the vessels.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037225"}
{"pmid": "1037226", "title": "Preliminary report on the use of ethyl apovincaminate in affections of the eyeground.", "content": "Preliminary report on the use of ethyl apovincaminate in affections of the eyeground. 26 ophthalmological patients have been given daily doses of three times 1 tablet (15 mg) ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) for periods of from two weeks to three months. Improvement of visual acuity lasted as long as the course of treatment, in agreement with the results of other authors. On Cavinton effect blood flow increased in the retinal precapillary and capillary system, supply of hypoxic areas improved. Improvement noted in choroid sclerosis bears witness to the effect of Cavinton on choroid capillaries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037226"}
{"pmid": "1037227", "title": "Vasodilating effect of ethyl apovincaminate on conjunctival vessels and simultaneous observation of parameters indicating adverse effect.", "content": "Vasodilating effect of ethyl apovincaminate on conjunctival vessels and simultaneous observation of parameters indicating adverse effect. The vasodilator effect of ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) on conjunctival vessels and its possible adverse effects have been studied in 17 patients of varying age (16-78 years) and diagnosis, as well as in healthy individuals. Intravenous 10 mg doses of the drug increased the arteriolar lumen in each case, the most markedly at 30 sec after administration of the drug, but at 90 sec effect was still significant. Before starting Cavinton, on the next day following injection and on other mornings after administration, haemoglobin, the leukocyte count, SGOT, SGPT, thymol turbidity, and blood sugar were determined. In the eight cases of juvenile hypertension urinary serum proteins were also registered after quantitative testing. The parameters investigated did not reveal any sign pointing to toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037227"}
{"pmid": "1037228", "title": "Ethyl apovincaminate in the treatment of sensorineural impairment of hearing.", "content": "Ethyl apovincaminate in the treatment of sensorineural impairment of hearing. Ethyl apovincaminate (EGH-4405, Cavinton) treatment has been used in various sensorineural impairments of hearing as well as in ear diseases associated with vertigo. As shown by experinces, presbyacusis, vascular impairment of hearing and in certain cases toxic hypacusia are improved by Cavinton. Besides audiometric improvement of pure tone, significant improvement was noted in the speech-audiogram in all three groups of disease. Certain affections of the ear accompanied by vertigo responded to Cavinton. In Menière's disease it has proved to be superior to the vasodilators used up to now.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037228"}
{"pmid": "1037230", "title": "Ethyl apovincaminate therapy in neurovascular diseases.", "content": "Ethyl apovincaminate therapy in neurovascular diseases. Of a series of 100 patients 46 were given combined (i.m. and oral) treatment with ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) in daily doses of 10-30 mg; 54 were put on oral Cavinton (30-45 mg daily). Significant and relatively quick improvement was obtained in reversible vascular diseases, such as hypertensive encephalopathy, intermittent vascular cerebral insufficiency, in the early stage or light cases of cerebral endarteriitis and cerebral arteriosclerosis. On Cavinton effect hypoxic character of the EEG improved, and so did performance in psychodiagnostic tests, alertness and memory in the first place, furthermore changes of the eyeground. The doses administered did not damage parenchymal organs, they did not cumulate and when used in combination incompatibility could not be observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037230"}
{"pmid": "1037229", "title": "Comparative study of the effect of ethyl apovincaminate and xantinol nicotinate in cerebrovascular diseases. Immediate drug effects on the concentrations of carbohydrate metabolites and electrolytes in blood and CSF.", "content": "Comparative study of the effect of ethyl apovincaminate and xantinol nicotinate in cerebrovascular diseases. Immediate drug effects on the concentrations of carbohydrate metabolites and electrolytes in blood and CSF. Randomly selected 34 cerebrovascular patients were treated with ethyl apovincaminate (RGH-4405, Cavinton) and 109 with xanitinol nicotinate. The effects of drugs given in slow i.v. infusions on the concentration of carbohydrate metabolites and electrolytes in serum and CSF were observed. Cavinton improved the paresis in 60.6% of patients while xantinol nicotinate did so only in 47.1%. On the basis of the biochemical changes it can be concluded that Cavinton enhances both the glycolytic and the oxidative glucose breakdown in CNS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037229"}
{"pmid": "1037231", "title": "Quantitative structure-activity relationships. IV. Non-linear dependence of biological activity on hydrophobic character: a new model.", "content": "Quantitative structure-activity relationships. IV. Non-linear dependence of biological activity on hydrophobic character: a new model. A new model is derived for the dependence of biological activity on hydrophobic character from a simple hypothetical system. Unlike the parabolic Hansch model this model can explain the peculiar effect that for homologous series of compounds the logarithms of biological activities of the lower homologs are linearly dependent on hydrophobic character, while for the higher homologs the relationship between biological activities and hydrophobic character changes to a parabola. Although these relationships are known and several appropriate models were proposed, the bilinear model presented in this paper is the first which can be described by a simple and generally valid equation: log 1/C = a log P--b log (beta - P + 1) + c While the parameters a, b and c can be calculated by linear multiple regression analysis, the non-linear term beta must be derived by a stepwise iteration process or ty Taylor series iteration. Examples are given for comparison of the bilinear model and the parabolic Hansch model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037231"}
{"pmid": "1037232", "title": "Metabolic degradation of propanidid by various tissues. Short communication.", "content": "Metabolic degradation of propanidid by various tissues. Short communication. The very short anaesthetic action of 3-methoxy-4-(N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-methoxy)-phenylacetic acid propylester (propanidid, Epantol) is due to its rapid hydrolysis in vivo. In this study, the rates of degradation of this drug under the influence of various isolated tissues have been established. The drug was hydrolysed much more rapidly by liver homogenate than by whole blood or serum. It is concluded that inactivation of propanidid in vivo occurs mainly by the liver, whereas blood esterases play an insignificant part in hydrolyzing the ester. Moreover, it was demonstrated that cardiac tissue is able to hydrolyze the drug as well. It is postulated that the inactivation of propanidid by heart muscle might partly compensate for the severe cardiodepressive action of the anaesthetic agent. A gaschromatographic determination of propanidid has been developed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037232"}
{"pmid": "1037239", "title": "Effects of chloroquine on the adrenocortical function. II. Histological, histochemical and biochemical changes in the suprarenal gland of rats on long-term administration of chloroquine.", "content": "Effects of chloroquine on the adrenocortical function. II. Histological, histochemical and biochemical changes in the suprarenal gland of rats on long-term administration of chloroquine. White female Wistar rats were used in order to study the influence of long-term oral application of 7-chloro-4-(4-diethylamino-1-methylbutylamino) quinoline (chloroquine) in doses of 30, 40 and 80 mg of base/kg upon the suprarenal gland. Histological, histochemical and biochemical findings give evidence of adrenocortical activation induced by chloroquine at all dose levels tested. The differences between the signs of adrenocortical activation as observed after the various doses were only those of quantity and time onset. The results indicate that the stimulation of the suprarenal cortex produced by repeated administration of chloroquine is not solely a manifestation of toxic action of chloroquine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037239"}
{"pmid": "1037241", "title": "Serum kinetics and urinary metabolism of dimethophrine in rat.", "content": "Serum kinetics and urinary metabolism of dimethophrine in rat. The serum kinetics and urinary metabolism of an a-sympathomimetic amine 1-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-monomethyl-amino-ethanol (dimethophrine) were studied. For serum kinetics, seven groups of 6 rats were sacrificed at 0.083, 1, 2, 2, 4, 6 and 12 H, respectively, after tail administration of dimethophrine-7-3H. Only 1 group of 6 rats was placed into metabolism cages to collect urine at 12-h intervals during the 72 h after dimethophrine-7-3H administration as above. The metabolic identification was made by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and the radiochromatograms were obtained by the \"scraping\" method. This work shows dimethophrine to be unchanged in the urine of rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037241"}
{"pmid": "1037240", "title": "The mechanism of the vasodilator effects of histamine and 4-methylhistamine in the hindquarters of the cat.", "content": "The mechanism of the vasodilator effects of histamine and 4-methylhistamine in the hindquarters of the cat. Intraarterial administration of histamine and 4-methylhistamine induced a fall in perfusion pressure of perfused hindquarters of the chloralose-anesthetized cat. Mepyramine which is a histamine H1-receptor blocker competitively inhibited the depressor effect of histamine without altering that of 4-methylhistamine. Continuous intravenous infusion of metiamide, which is a histamine H2-receptor blocker, to the mepyramine treated cats caused a further inhibition in response to histamine as well as 4-methylhistamine. These results indicate that both histamine H1- and H2-receptors are present in the vasculature of the cat hindquarters and both of them are responsible for the vasodilator effect of histamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037240"}
{"pmid": "1037242", "title": "Effect of 4-methylumbelliferone on the oxidative metabolism of liver mitochondria in jaundiced rats and its relationship of choleretic action.", "content": "Effect of 4-methylumbelliferone on the oxidative metabolism of liver mitochondria in jaundiced rats and its relationship of choleretic action. The effect of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) on the oxidative metabolism of liver mitochondria and its relationship to choleretic action were investigated on 40 bile duct-ligated rats and 40 rats after biliary decompression. The oxidative metabolism of liver mitochondria fell rapidly to 50% of controls within 7 days after bile duct-ligation, whereas that in rats with 4-MU fell only slightly. Such effect of 4-MU on the liver mitochondrial metabolism was most prominent when it was administered to rats after biliary decompression. In rats with 4-MU the depressed oxidative metabolism of cholestatic liver mitochondria recovered rapidly toward normal with accelerated amelioration of serum total bilirubin as compared to that in rats without 4-MU after biliary decompression by loosening of the ligation of the common bile duct. Thus, 4-MU appeared to exert some stimulation or amelioration of the impaired liver mitochondrial metabolism due to jaundice, which may have a close relationship to its choleretic action or effective bile excretory action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037242"}
{"pmid": "1037246", "title": "Inhibition of gluconeogenesis by sodium nitroprusside in the perfused guinea pig liver.", "content": "Inhibition of gluconeogenesis by sodium nitroprusside in the perfused guinea pig liver. Sodium nitroprusside was found to be a very strong inhibitor of the glucose formation from lactate in the perfused guinea pig liver. Hepatic cell respiration and oxidative phosphorylation appeared to be simultaneously suppressed by this compound. The pattern of some hepatic metabolite concentrations was similarly affected by nitroprusside as described for biguanides and pyridinium chloride derivatives. Cyanide had to be added to the perfusion medium in a tenfold higher concentration to achieve a comparable inhibition of gluconeogenesis from lactate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037246"}
{"pmid": "1037244", "title": "Effect of 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid on ethanol-induced hypertriglyceridemia. Short communication.", "content": "Effect of 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid on ethanol-induced hypertriglyceridemia. Short communication. Male Wistar rats were administered acutely and chronically ethyl alcohol. The effect of 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (cynarine) on ethanol induced hypertriglyceridemia and on hepatic concentration of triglyceride was investigated. In rats treated acutely with ethanol the serum and hepatic triglycerides showed significant rise by 216 and 111%, resp. The prolonged administration of ethanol caused insignificant increase of the serum triglyceride concentration by 40%, while its hepatic content was significantly increased by 100%. In rats receiving ethanol and cynarine simultaneously, distinct reduction of the serum and hepatic triglyceride concentration was observed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037244"}
{"pmid": "1037245", "title": "Pharmacological aspects of pyrazoline derivatives from 2-hydroxy-butenolides.", "content": "Pharmacological aspects of pyrazoline derivatives from 2-hydroxy-butenolides. A series of pyrazoline derivatives was synthetised and evaluated for toxicological and pharmacological effects; analgesic, hypnotic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and cardiovascular properties were screened. Tested compounds were found to have a low toxicity; one of them showed a good analgesic activity without side effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037245"}
{"pmid": "1037248", "title": "Self-administration of caffeine by the rat.", "content": "Self-administration of caffeine by the rat. Rats with permanently implanted right jugular vein cannulae were either pre-treated with increasing doses of caffeine for up to 98 h, or underwent no pre-treatment. Both groups were then presented with a lever, the pressing of which caused a self-injection of a caffeine solution. For both groups, some of the rats self-administered caffeine for up to 4 days and then their activity stopped; the other rats did not self-administered caffeine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037248"}
{"pmid": "1037254", "title": "A comparative study of the hemodynamic effects of single intravenous doses of 3-hydrazino-6-[N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino]-pyridazine-dihydrochloride and hydralazine.", "content": "A comparative study of the hemodynamic effects of single intravenous doses of 3-hydrazino-6-[N,N-bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino]-pyridazine-dihydrochloride and hydralazine. The new pyridazine derivative 3-hydrazino-6-[N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino]-pyridazine-dihydrochloride (DL 150 IT) was administered to five hypertensive patients at the dose of 50 mug/kg by i.v. bolus injection. A parallel group of five patiens received 250 mug/kg of hydralazine. Hemodynamic measurements were obtained before treatment, and then after 30--60 and 80-120 min. Cardiac output was evaluated by radiocardiography and myocardial perfusion by clearance of 86Rb. The antihypertensive effect of DL 150 IT was most pronounced 2 h after the injection, whereas by this time the increased heart rate and cardiac output tended to revert to the baseline values. On the contrary, the magnitude of these effects did not change during the observation period after hydralazine treatment. Both drugs increased myocardial perfusion. The new compound appears at least five times more potent than hydralazine and, possibly, has a longer duration of action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037254"}
{"pmid": "1037258", "title": "A sub-chronic study of the subjective quality of sleep and psychological measures of performance on the morning following night time medication with temazepam.", "content": "A sub-chronic study of the subjective quality of sleep and psychological measures of performance on the morning following night time medication with temazepam. A sub-chronic study of 7-chloro-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one (temazepam, Euhypnos) at three dose levels was carried out in 30 healthy volunteers. A matching placebo was given before and after the 4 nights of active compound. The subjective response was measured by means of a sleep evaluation questionnaire, and the objective measurements used were the critical flicker fusion threshold and choice reaction time. A clear dose-response relationship was seen in the subjective and objective measurements with the three doses used. A rebound phenomenon was seen only at the high dose levels in two subjective measures, viz. getting to sleep and behaviour following waking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037258"}
{"pmid": "1037259", "title": "Pharmacology of dihydroxy-dibutylether, a specific choleretic drug.", "content": "Pharmacology of dihydroxy-dibutylether, a specific choleretic drug. The choleretic and the general pharmacological properties of dihydroxy-dibutyl ether (Discinil) were investigated in several animal species. Discinil (DHBE) increased the bile flow in conscious rats and dogs, after both oral and i.v. administration. A choleretic effect was also observed after i.v. injection into anaesthetized rats and guinea pigs. A dose-response relationship was always obtained, the threshold dose being 25--100 mg/kg. No evidence of tachyphylaxis was observed in rats after repeated treatments. The bile hyperflow was generally accompanied by an increased excretion of the total dry residue in guinea pigs and dogs. The choleretic effect in rats was still present after pretreatment with either DL-ethionine (causing parenchymal liver damage) or atropine (blocking the cholinergic control of bile production). At low doses (25--100 mg/kg i.v.) eliciting a definite choleretic response, DHBE did not show spasmogenic and spasmolytic effects in vivo on the smooth muscles of the gallbladder of guinea pigs and dogs, neither on the stomach and intestine of mice and dogs; while it constricted the pylorus sphincter of rats. At larger doses (200--400 mg/kg i.v.) the compound showed a mild relaxing activity on Oddi's sphincter of guinea pigs and a weak spasmogenic activity either on gall bladder or on small intestine. In vitro, it caused an unspecific antagonism against the spasm induced by acetylcholine, barium chloride, histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and norepinephrine. In anaesthetized rats, rabbits and dogs, DHBE caused a moderate and short-lasting hypotension, and tachycardia. The threshold doses for these effects were 2--4 times superior to those being choleretic. In conscious dogs, the compound was slightly hypertensive. DHBE did not provoke important respiratory and ECG changes, neither showed diuretic nor antiphlogistic effects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037259"}
{"pmid": "1037256", "title": "Effect of an ergot derivative on human lymphocyte chromosomes in vivo.", "content": "Effect of an ergot derivative on human lymphocyte chromosomes in vivo. Chromosome examination was made from 12 healthy adult male volunteers by using human lymphocyte cultures twice before, and 8 and 12 weeks after continuous intake of 3 X 1.5 mg Hydergine, an ergot derivative, per day orally. The mean frequency of cells with aberrations and the number of aberrations per 100 cells after 12 weeks' medication corresponded well with those of control cultures. However, for unknown reasons, significantly different values were found after 8 weeks of medication at a level of 5%, i.e., the values of capillary blood culture C8W were lower than those of CI, CII and C12W.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037256"}
{"pmid": "1037265", "title": "Oscillations and cysteine metabolism in aortic strips of hypertensive rats.", "content": "Oscillations and cysteine metabolism in aortic strips of hypertensive rats. Aortic strips of normal and hypertensive rats were used for the study. In comparison with normal rats hypertensive rats show a low cysteine and high homocysteine level and vascular auto-oscillations. The auto-oscillations are damped by cysteine, cAMP, theophylline and heparin but not by ADP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037265"}
{"pmid": "1037264", "title": "The effect of etafenone on the subcellular distribution of calcium and some oligoelements in heart muscle. Ultracytochemical and x-ray microanalytical study.", "content": "The effect of etafenone on the subcellular distribution of calcium and some oligoelements in heart muscle. Ultracytochemical and x-ray microanalytical study. In order to detect the subcellular localization of calcium in the myocardium of laboratory animals (rats and guinea-pigs) under the influence of 2'-(2-diethylaminoethoxy)-3-phenyl-propiophenone (etafenone, Baxacor) (4 mg, 20 mg and 100 mg/kg body weight) two ultracytochemical methods, with lead acetate and with potassium pyroantimonate, were used. In addition, X-ray microanalysis of myocardial fragments was performed. The correlation of ultrastructural, ultracytochemical and X-ray microanalytical findings provides direct evidence of the hypothesis that etafenone acts on myocardium as a so-called \"calcium antagonist\". The subcellular targets of etafenone action are mainly the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Etafenone modifies also the concentration of copper, zinc and selenium in myocardium. The effect of etaferone on myocardial calcium and oligoelements appears to be dose-dependent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037264"}
{"pmid": "1037261", "title": "Synthesis and pharmacological study of diphenylalkylamines with cycloaliphatic residues. New coronary vasodilators.", "content": "Synthesis and pharmacological study of diphenylalkylamines with cycloaliphatic residues. New coronary vasodilators. The paper describes the synthesis and the pharmacological evaluation of some derivatives of prenylamine, all with a cycloaliphatic ring within or instead of the isopropylamine moiety. Their general formulas are: (C6H5)2CH-CH2-CH2-NH-CH-CH2-R CH2 (I) (C6H5)2CH-CH2-CH2-NH-R' (II) where R contains and R' is a cycloaliphatic ring. Several compounds and particularly those of formula (I), and of formula (II), where the alicyclic ring had a bulky substituent in para were more active than prenylamine as coronary vasodilators on isolated guinea-pig heart (Langendorff). The most interesting derivative was M.G. 8926 [N-(3,3-diphenylpropyl)-alpha-methyl-beta-cyclohexylethylamine], which was more active than prenylamine on Langendorff's heart and in enhancing the pressor response to catecholamines and inhibiting the isoprenaline induced hypotension. Moreover, it had almost the same effects as prenylamine as spasmolytic, local and general anesthetic, on heart rate and arterial pressure and against coronary spasm from pitressin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037261"}
{"pmid": "1037269", "title": "Effect of hexachlorophene on the coagulation process in beagle dogs.", "content": "Effect of hexachlorophene on the coagulation process in beagle dogs. In a dermal toxicological study the effect of hexachlorophene on the blood coagulation process in dogs over a period of 12 weeks was investigated. The thrombelastographic results revealed a reduction in reaction time, coagulation time and an increase in maximal amplitude supplemented with subsequent increase in the number of platelets and the enhancement of ESR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037269"}
{"pmid": "1037267", "title": "Vasodilator profile of a new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3-[2-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)]-ethyl ester 5-methyl ester hydrochloride (YC-93).", "content": "Vasodilator profile of a new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3-[2-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)]-ethyl ester 5-methyl ester hydrochloride (YC-93). A new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative, 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-4,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid 3-[2-(N-benzyl-N-methylamino)]-ethyl ester 5-methyl ester hydrochloride (YC-93), when i.v. injected into anesthetized dogs, exhibited not only a greated vasodilation in both cerebral and coronary than in femoral vessels, but also about 100 to 300 times higher potency as well as longer durability than any of reference drugs such as isoxsupurine, papaverine and cinnarizine. YC-93 was also effective in vasodilation by i.m. and i.d. administration. When administered into vertebral and coronary arteries, YC-93 caused vasodilation at the doses that did not affect systemic blood pressure. YC-93 did not potentiate the vasodilator effect of adenosine, and vasodilation by YC-93 was influenced by neither propranolol, atropine, diphenhydramine nor aminophylline. Acute toxicity (LD50) of YC-93 was almost the same as that of papaverine in mice and rats. Thus, YC-93 is a potent bu low-toxic vasodilator agent acting preferentially and perhaps directly on cerebral and coronary vascular beds and is well absorbed from gastrointestinal tract into blood stream.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037267"}
{"pmid": "1037247", "title": "Absorption and disposition of econazole nitrate after application to the skins and vaginas of rabbits.", "content": "Absorption and disposition of econazole nitrate after application to the skins and vaginas of rabbits. 1. The absorption and tissue distribution of radioactivity has been studied in rabbits after application of a cream containing 10 mg of the 3H-labelled 1-(2,4-dichloro-beta-[(p-chlorobenzyl)oxy]phenethyl) imidazole nitrate (econazole nitrate, Pevaryl) to the normal or abraded skins of rabbits. 2. Approximately one-third of the dose was absorbed through the occluded normal skins of rabbits during 8 days, mainly during 7 to 24 h. In the same time interval, slightly more of the dose was absorbed through the occluded abraded skins of rabbits at slightly greater rates. Co-formulation of triamcinolone acetonide in the cream reduced and delayed the peak rates of absorption through normal and abraded skin, but the extent of absorption during 8 days was similar in the presence or absence of triamcinolone acetonide. 3. After application to normal skin or abraded skin, the peak of mean concentrations in the plasma of 220 ng/ml (range 132-276 ng/ml) or 307 ng/ml (range 270-321 ng/ml), respectively, occurred at 24 h. Tissue distribution of radioactivity was similar after application to normal or abraded skin, and concentrations were highest in the liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract (which are the organs of biotransformation and excretion) and also in the adrenals and to a lesser extent in the uterus, ovaries and untreated skin. 4. After application of a cream containing 5 mg of 3H-econazole nitrate to the vaginas of rabbits, approximately one-third of the dose was absorbed during 8-24 h, and rates of excretion were higher through the more permeable vaginal membrane. 5. After vaginal doses of 5 mg, a peak concentration of 209 ng/ml occurred at 6 h in the plasma. Tissue concentrations of radioactivity after vaginal doses were highest in liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, adrenals and ovaries, and the tissue distribution was similar to that observed after cutaneous doses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037247"}
{"pmid": "1037270", "title": "Xanthine oxidase activation in animal liver during infectious processes. Short communication.", "content": "Xanthine oxidase activation in animal liver during infectious processes. Short communication. A relevant increase in xanthine oxidase in the liver was constantly found in the couse of the study of enzyme variations in infected mice. This effect seems to be due to bacterial toxins and not related with microbial pathogenicity. Xanthine oxidase is suspected to play a role in host defence mechanisms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037270"}
{"pmid": "1037271", "title": "New hepato-protective agents. I. Maleopimaric acid-4alpha-carboxamides.", "content": "New hepato-protective agents. I. Maleopimaric acid-4alpha-carboxamides. A number of amide derivatives of maleopimaric acid were synthesised and preliminary results on their protective activity against galactosamine-induced liver damage in the rat are described. The compounds (2, 6, 9 and 15) were found to display the highest level of protective activity producing significant lowering of serum GOT and GPT levels at a daily dose of 250-300 mg/kg. The LD50 of these compounds was typically in excess of 2000 mg/kg.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037271"}
{"pmid": "1037272", "title": "New hepato-protective agents. II. Maleopimaridyl morpholides.", "content": "New hepato-protective agents. II. Maleopimaridyl morpholides. A further series of derivatives of maleopimaric acid, the maleopimaridyl morpholides, has been prepared and results on their protection against galactosamine-inducted liver damage in the rat are described. The compounds (3, 4, 8 and 10) were found to display the highest levels of hepato-protective activity in the series. Compound 8 (LD50 greater than 10 g/kg) which exhibited significant, dose-related protection at a daily dose in the range of 50-400 mg/kg, was selected for detailed investigation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037272"}
{"pmid": "1037274", "title": "The protective effect of a novel compound RU 18492, on galactosamine-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat.", "content": "The protective effect of a novel compound RU 18492, on galactosamine-induced hepatotoxicity in the rat. A novel compound N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-maleopimarimidyl morpholide (RU 18 492), was investigated for its effect against galactosamine induced hepatitis in rats. It was found to be active in reducing both serum transaminase levels and morphological changes due to the hepatotoxin. The protection was shown to be dose related and a significant reduction in liver damage was seen at doses of 50-400 mg/kg p.o. RU 18 492 was ineffective against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatitis in rats. It was suggested that the protective effect of RU 18 492 was due to its ability to stimulate the smooth endoplasmic reticulum thus inducing a more rapid detoxification of galactosamine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037274"}
{"pmid": "1037273", "title": "Preliminary studies on the absorption, distribution and excretion of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-maleopimarimidyl morpholide (3H-RU 18492) in the female rat and dog.", "content": "Preliminary studies on the absorption, distribution and excretion of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-maleopimarimidyl morpholide (3H-RU 18492) in the female rat and dog. Following the oral administration of 3H-labelled N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-maleopimarimidyl morpholide (3H-RU 18 492) to rats and dogs, radioactivity was detected in plasma and the various tissues examined. However, the major fraction of the dose remained unabsorbed and the highest concentrations of radioactivity were found in the liver. In both species the major route of excretion of radioactivity was via the bile.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037273"}
{"pmid": "1037286", "title": "Phase II trial of cytembena in patients with advanced ovarian and breast cancer.", "content": "Phase II trial of cytembena in patients with advanced ovarian and breast cancer. Thirty women with histologically proven advanced ovarian or breast cancer were treated with cytembena. Of nine patients with ovarian cancer and 21 with breast cancer none had worthwhile objective remissions. Cytembena was given at a dose of 250 mg/m2/day for a course of 5 days repeated at weekly intervals. Improvement, particularly relief of pain from skeletal metastases, was observed in 16 of the patients; an additional seven patients had stable disease while treated with cytembena. Cytembena has no hemopoietic toxicity, but nausea and vomiting and an \"autonomic storm\" phenomenon are dose-limiting factors. Further studies incorporating this drug in combination regimens seem warranted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037286"}
{"pmid": "1037284", "title": "Quantitative cell culture biocompatibility testing of medical devices and correlation to animal tests.", "content": "Quantitative cell culture biocompatibility testing of medical devices and correlation to animal tests. The biocompatibility of a wide variety of biomaterials was quantitatively assessed, in a physiologically normal environment\" as to cytotoxicity induced in WI-38 cells by cell culture medium extracts. Materials tested included PVC plastic, rubber, silicone rubber, polyethylene, polypropylene, acetal, polyurethane, Teflon, nylon, epoxy, and polystyrene. Cell culture test results were correlated to U.S.P. animal tests. Potential test artifacts, lead, barium, cadmium, and endotoxin were tested for cytotoxicity in WI-38 cells. Cell culture methods yielded more positive tests, particularly rubber, PVC plastic and silicone rubber compounds, than observed in U.S.P. animal tests. Positivity in animal tests did not correlate quantitatively to cytotoxic titers in cell culture. Discrepancies between cell cultures tests and animal tests, specifically rubber compounds, were attributable, in some instances, to differentials in elution efficiency between saline, cottonseed oil, and complete MEM cell culture medium. In other instances, particularly PVC plastics, differences between cell culture and animal test results were due to an inherent difference in the two indicator systems to respond to specific toxic moieties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037284"}
{"pmid": "1037288", "title": "Immunological aspects of inflammatory bowel disease.", "content": "Immunological aspects of inflammatory bowel disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037288"}
{"pmid": "1037294", "title": "Evaluating a disaster plan the hard way.", "content": "Evaluating a disaster plan the hard way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037294"}
{"pmid": "1037291", "title": "'Good education is good management'.", "content": "'Good education is good management'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037291"}
{"pmid": "1037293", "title": "Computer matches towns with health workers.", "content": "Computer matches towns with health workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037293"}
{"pmid": "1037292", "title": "Reaching out to the community: a cooperative health study program.", "content": "Reaching out to the community: a cooperative health study program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037292"}
{"pmid": "1037296", "title": "A nursing management workshop for new supervisors.", "content": "A nursing management workshop for new supervisors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037296"}
{"pmid": "1037290", "title": "EMS in the '70s: an approach to their development through training.", "content": "EMS in the '70s: an approach to their development through training.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037290"}
{"pmid": "1037299", "title": "Making health education work.", "content": "Making health education work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037299"}
{"pmid": "1037307", "title": "Acute effects of tolamolol on renal function in hypertensive patients.", "content": "Acute effects of tolamolol on renal function in hypertensive patients. The renal heamodynamic effects of a single i.v. administration of tolamolol were studied in 9 hypertensive subjects. No change of GFR and ERPF was observed after tolamolol, while urine output decreased and urine creatinine concentration increased. A reduction of the heart rate was confirmed. Blood pressure was unchanged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037307"}
{"pmid": "1037308", "title": "The use of drugs for behavior modification as it relates to the practice of optometry--Part I.", "content": "The use of drugs for behavior modification as it relates to the practice of optometry--Part I. Medications used in behavior modification can result in untoward side effects, including ocular and visual changes. As in many other aspects of health care, optometrists can serve as the first line of defense to guard their patients against permanent damage from side effects they may not associate with use of their medication. Optometry's responsibility and role in management of side effects is delineated. Areas of behavior modification of concern to optometrists are discussed. These include: (1) learning problems and mental retardation; (2) mental disorders, menopause, and alcoholism; and (3) drug abuse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037308"}
{"pmid": "1037298", "title": "Management development for hospitals: the CHC experience.", "content": "Management development for hospitals: the CHC experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037298"}
{"pmid": "1037297", "title": "Increasing the visibility of the nurse in teaching of patients.", "content": "Increasing the visibility of the nurse in teaching of patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037297"}
{"pmid": "1037295", "title": "Management training: a homespun program.", "content": "Management training: a homespun program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037295"}
{"pmid": "1037300", "title": "New employees negotiate contract for orientation.", "content": "New employees negotiate contract for orientation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037300"}
{"pmid": "1037302", "title": "Sharing educational services: an organizational model.", "content": "Sharing educational services: an organizational model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037302"}
{"pmid": "1037301", "title": "Shared services organization communicates via cable TV.", "content": "Shared services organization communicates via cable TV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037301"}
{"pmid": "1037303", "title": "Make employee benefits come alive!", "content": "Make employee benefits come alive!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037303"}
{"pmid": "1037304", "title": "Videotape or videocassette--which should you use?", "content": "Videotape or videocassette--which should you use?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037304"}
{"pmid": "1037305", "title": "Applying andragogy to patient education.", "content": "Applying andragogy to patient education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037305"}
{"pmid": "1037306", "title": "The impossible becomes possible--through cooperation.", "content": "The impossible becomes possible--through cooperation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037306"}
{"pmid": "1037312", "title": "Sensitivity of various gamma-ray detectors to 252Cf neutrons in free air.", "content": "Sensitivity of various gamma-ray detectors to 252Cf neutrons in free air.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037312"}
{"pmid": "1037313", "title": "Determination of trace amounts of mercury in water by neutron activation analysis with lubricating base oil as extractant.", "content": "Determination of trace amounts of mercury in water by neutron activation analysis with lubricating base oil as extractant. This paper deals with a convenient method in the determination of trace amounts of mercury in water. After being irradiated with neutrons, water sample was treated with 7.0M HCIO4 solution and mercury was extracted with lubricating base oil. In such a simple operation, the sensitivity can reach 10(-8)g Hg/4ml H2O.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037313"}
{"pmid": "1037309", "title": "Clinical hematological progression of hereditary lymphosarcoma in rabbits.", "content": "Clinical hematological progression of hereditary lymphosarcoma in rabbits. Considerable diversity exists in the clinical progression data for lymphosarcoma both between and within species. Thirty-four rabbits with hereditary lymphosarcoma were used to define the clinical progression of this condition under controlled genetic conditions. Changes in the erythropoietic cells of the rabbit hemogram in cases of hereditary lymphosarcoma (ha/ha) follow a fairly well defined clinical course of about one-and-one-half months duration. Data are presented showing that these changes are subsequent to schanges in the granulocytic cells of the leukocyte series both peripherally and in the bone marrow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037309"}
{"pmid": "1037314", "title": "Interaction of radionuclides with organic matter dissolved in seawater. Interaction of radiocobalt with some amino acids.", "content": "Interaction of radionuclides with organic matter dissolved in seawater. Interaction of radiocobalt with some amino acids. The interaction of radiocobalt with glycine, alanine or aspartic acid dissolved in seawater was investigated by means of adsorption on Chelex 100, solvent extraction with dithizone or gel filtration chromatography. Although the distribution coefficients of Co on Chelex 100 decreased gradually with ageing even in the absence of organic matter, much more decreases were observed in the presence of the amino acids. The distribution coefficients on the resin reached equilibrium states in about 20 days. The extraction of cobalt with dithizone in carbon tetrachloride was also inhibited in the presence of the amino acids. Alanine and aspartic acid showed a similar interfering tendency in both adsorption on Chelex 100 and dithizone extraction, while glycine inhibited dithizone extraction more than adsorption on Chelex 100. From the fractionation of Co by Sephadex G-10 gel filtration chromatography, the higher molecular species of Co associated with the amino acids occurred after several days ageing and then increased together with decreasing in the lower molecular species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037314"}
{"pmid": "1037319", "title": "An automatic 14CO2-collecting apparatus.", "content": "An automatic 14CO2-collecting apparatus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037319"}
{"pmid": "1037337", "title": "Drug treatment of venereal disease: analysis of 273 cases in Ghana.", "content": "Drug treatment of venereal disease: analysis of 273 cases in Ghana. The presence of non-gonococcal urethritis, resistant to penicillin therapy was noted by Ikejiani in Nigeria as early as 1955. This syndrome is now known as non-specific urethritis, or non-specific genital infection in the female. Sarrat (1973) has shown the effectiveness of penicillin plus probenecid, specti nomycin, and cotrimoxazole in male cases of gonorrhoea in Dakar. Sogbetun and Osoba (1974) have shown the effectiveness of metronidazole in trichomoniasis in males in Nigeria. Our study was made on a mixed University population of 2,700 students seen in one clinic during the year 1975. There were 273 cases of sexually transmitted diseases including gonorrhoea, non-specific urethritis or genital disease, trichomoniasis and chronic urethritis or vaginitis. Treatment of gonorrhoea with penicillin alone or with spectinomycin was only 50% effective. But good results were obtained with penicillin plus probenecid or penicillin plus cotrimoxazole. Good results were obtained in non-specific urethritis, or non-specific genital disease, when tetracycline or its derivatives were used. Good results were obtained in the treatment of trichomoniasis with metronidazole in males and females. It was concluded that in gonorrhoea penicillin should be given (in adequate dosage) with probenecid or cotrimoxazole. Spectinomycin should be used at a dose level of 4 g instead of 2 g. The management of chronic urethritis and vaginitis was very difficult. The drug treatment of venereal disease in Ghana has not revealed any unique characteristics except, perhaps, an increased resistance of the gonococcus to spectinomycin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037337"}
{"pmid": "1037342", "title": "Several problems concerning red cell membranes.", "content": "Several problems concerning red cell membranes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037342"}
{"pmid": "1037343", "title": "Pathophysiology of red cell lipids.", "content": "Pathophysiology of red cell lipids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037343"}
{"pmid": "1037365", "title": "Effect of posture on the presence of fat in tracheal aspirate in neonates.", "content": "Effect of posture on the presence of fat in tracheal aspirate in neonates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037365"}
{"pmid": "1037366", "title": "Immunosuppressive drug therapy as a potentiator of skin tumours in five patients with lymphoma.", "content": "Immunosuppressive drug therapy as a potentiator of skin tumours in five patients with lymphoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037366"}
{"pmid": "1037367", "title": "Poldine iontophoresis in the treatment of palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis.", "content": "Poldine iontophoresis in the treatment of palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037367"}
{"pmid": "1037368", "title": "Congenital and acquired heart diseases: (A survey of 7062 persons).", "content": "Congenital and acquired heart diseases: (A survey of 7062 persons). A survey was carried out amongst 7062 people of different age groups in Dacca city and in a village. It was found that 207 (2.92%) persons had some sort of heart disease. Hypertension was present in 83 (1.10%) persons. Rheumatic heart disease, ischaemic heart disease and cardiac arrhythmia were detected in 53 (0.75%), 24 (0.33%) and 16 (0.22%) persons respectively. Congenital heart disease was found in 13 (0.18%) individuals, and 18 (0.25%) persons were suffering from cardiomypathy or corpulmonale. Rheumatic heart disease was common in poor people of younger age. More ischaemic heart disease was found in well-to-do people but poor people were not immune from this.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037368"}
{"pmid": "1037371", "title": "Experience with norethisterone enanthate as injectable contraceptive.", "content": "Experience with norethisterone enanthate as injectable contraceptive. Norethisterone Enanthate (NE) was used in 151 women as injectable contraceptive. Pregnancy due to method failure was 2% whereas the overall pregnancy was 4%. The results have been discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037371"}
{"pmid": "1037370", "title": "Echinococcosis in cattle and goats.", "content": "Echinococcosis in cattle and goats. In the 500 cattles examined, 90 (18%) had hydatid cysts in one or more organs whereas only 12(2.4%) goats, out of 500 had the disease. This is considered to be due to shorter period of longevity and age of slaughter of goats compared to catte. Since dog is an important definitive host responsible for the spread of echinococcosis, a survey on the incidence of hydatid cyst in dogs is necessary from public health point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037370"}
{"pmid": "1037369", "title": "Studies on the nutritional status of expectant mothers and newborn babies.", "content": "Studies on the nutritional status of expectant mothers and newborn babies. Heights, weights, haemoglobin, total proteins and albumin-globulin (A/G) ratio of 157 pregnant women in their last trimester of pregnancy are reported along with heights, weights, haemoglobin and albumin-globulin ratio of newborn babies. The results have been discussed. To explore the relationshop between maternal health status and infant vitality, selected physical, nutritional, and biochemical parameters were measured in 157 pregnant women and 71 newborn infants at the Azimpur Maternity Center in India.  The pregnant women had a mean height of 150 cm anda mean weight of 47.5 kg.  The 3rd-trimester hemoglobin level averaged 10.53% for women in their 1st pregnancy, 9.84% for 2nd pregnancies, 10.04% for 3rd pregnancies, and 10.36% for 4th pregnancies.  Both average total protein and packed cell volume remained relatively constant with increases in parity.  The prevalence of combined moderate and severe anemia was 42.8% for women in their 1st pregnancy, 48% for 2nd pregnancies, 42.9% for 3rd pregnancies, 41.2% for 4th pregnancies, 47% for 5th pregnancies, and 43.3% for women with 6 or more pregnancies.  Overall, 66% of the women had hemoglobin levels below 11 gm% and could be considered anemic.  The concentration of the severe cases of anemia in the 1st 3 pregnancies may reflect the early age of childbearing in this series (average age at 1st pregnancy, 18.2 years), forcing the fetus and mother to compete for nutrients.  The increased incidence of anemia with increasing parity is attributed to the gradual drain on maternal nutritional reseves.  Unusually high globulin fractions were recorded in these women, perhaps due to the superimposed evironmental infective factors common in India.  The mean birth length among infants in the study was 47.6 cm for males and (3.02 kg for males and 3.08 kg for females) was significantly lower than Western standards, reflectinbg the low weight of Indian women.  Mean hemoglobin and total protein levels among the infants were within normal limits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037369"}
{"pmid": "1037373", "title": "Non-association of ABO blood groups with diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh.", "content": "Non-association of ABO blood groups with diabetes mellitus in Bangladesh. Confirmed diabetics (2312) were tested for ABO blood groupings and the results of frequency compared with normal (8936) subjects. The data were analysed statistically to detect any possibility of an association between ABO blood groups and diabetes mellitus. No such association is apparent in the subjects studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037373"}
{"pmid": "1037376", "title": "Malignant diseases. (A review of 115 cases).", "content": "Malignant diseases. (A review of 115 cases). A review of 115 malignant lesions (proven histologically) is presented. Good number of malignant lesions were found confined to female sex organs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037376"}
{"pmid": "1037372", "title": "Effects of norethisterone enanthate on certain body functions.", "content": "Effects of norethisterone enanthate on certain body functions. Effects of Norethisterone Enanthate (an injectable contraceptive) on body weight, blood pressure, blood cell count, level of haemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and serum cholesterol were studied in 31 women. It was observed that in the successful acceptors the pregnancy rate was nil. No appreciable change could be found in the body functions studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037372"}
{"pmid": "1037374", "title": "Cancer of male breast. (A report on incidence).", "content": "Cancer of male breast. (A report on incidence). During a retrospective study of 1843 patients with malignant lesions, 83 were identified as breast cancer. Of these, 4 turned out to be male breast cancer showing a male to female ratio of this neoplasms to be 1:19.7.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037374"}
{"pmid": "1037375", "title": "Peptic ulcer: (Analysis of predisposing and associated causes).", "content": "Peptic ulcer: (Analysis of predisposing and associated causes). Age incidence, food habits and socio-economic condition were studied in a series of 478 predominantly male peptic ulcer patients. Age incidence of peptic ulcer increased in the second decade of life, reached a peak at the third decade and tapered off towards the end of fourth decade. As many as 57% of the patients belonged to the low socio-economic group and 78% were having only two meals a day. A ratio of 21 : 1 for duodenal ulcer to gastric ulcer was revealed from laparotomy findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037375"}
{"pmid": "1037377", "title": "Hypertension in a mixed community.", "content": "Hypertension in a mixed community. Casual blood pressure was studied in a mixed community above 20 years of age and records of hospitalised patients for hypertension and/or its complications were analysed. It was found that about 2 percent of people examined were unaware that they had elevated blood pressure. High incidence of hypertension was found in the age group of 40-50 years in the hospitalised patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037377"}
{"pmid": "1037381", "title": "Current concepts in drug therapy. (21) Bromocriptine \"Parlodel\" (Sandoz).", "content": "Current concepts in drug therapy. (21) Bromocriptine \"Parlodel\" (Sandoz).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037381"}
{"pmid": "1037393", "title": "Bromocriptine in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.", "content": "Bromocriptine in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037393"}
{"pmid": "1037396", "title": "Karyometric study of benign and malignant diseases of the thyroid gland.", "content": "Karyometric study of benign and malignant diseases of the thyroid gland. The results of the karyometric measurements in different thyroid diseases (both benign proliferative processes and cancer) have shown that this method may be useful in differential diagnosis of these diseases. It was also found that there are evident differences between the shapes of histograms in various forms of cancer. The shape of the histogram depends not only on the histological structure of the tumour (follicular, papillary, undifferentiated cancer), but also on the type of the cells of which it consists (A,B or C cells).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037396"}
{"pmid": "1037388", "title": "A new blackfly (S. (W.) golani n. sp. (Diptera, Simuliidae)) from the Eastern Mediterranean basin.", "content": "A new blackfly (S. (W.) golani n. sp. (Diptera, Simuliidae)) from the Eastern Mediterranean basin. S. (W.) golani n. sp. Beaucournu-Saguez and Braverman is described from material collected in the Golan region, Israël (35degrees42' E, 32DEGREES57' N). It is related to S. (W.) paraequinum Puri 1933 but is distinguished by the morphology of the pupal respiratory filaments and by details of the structure of the male genitalia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037388"}
{"pmid": "1037407", "title": "Determination of platinum in optical glasses by substoichiometric neutron activation analysis.", "content": "Determination of platinum in optical glasses by substoichiometric neutron activation analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037407"}
{"pmid": "1037408", "title": "Solubility of 210Po contained in airborne dusts.", "content": "Solubility of 210Po contained in airborne dusts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037408"}
{"pmid": "1037409", "title": "A study on separation of 99Mo from neutron-irradiated UO2 by precipitation as ammonium molybdophosphate.", "content": "A study on separation of 99Mo from neutron-irradiated UO2 by precipitation as ammonium molybdophosphate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037409"}
{"pmid": "1037410", "title": "Evaluation of 99mTc-phytate as radiopharmaceutical.", "content": "Evaluation of 99mTc-phytate as radiopharmaceutical.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037410"}
{"pmid": "1037426", "title": "Lactose malabsorption in Thai infants and children: effect of prolonged milk feeding.", "content": "Lactose malabsorption in Thai infants and children: effect of prolonged milk feeding. More than one-third of Thai infants were lactose malabsorbers soon after birth and the percentage of lactose malabsorption increased with age. Beyond 4 years of age, all Thai children studied were lactose malabsorbers. Continued milk supplementation over the study period did not affect the ability to digest lactose in the amount given in the load test. Since the milk-supplemented group of children tended to have better weight gain and few undesirable gastrointestinal symptoms, it seems milk feedings can be used to advantage even among populations with a record of high lactose intolerance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037426"}
{"pmid": "1037428", "title": "Experimental analysis of the specific and aspecific activity of tolamolol (dl-UK 6558)", "content": "Experimental analysis of the specific and aspecific activity of tolamolol (dl-UK 6558)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037428"}
{"pmid": "1037430", "title": "An overview of venereal disease programs in Britain, West Germany, Denmark, and Sweden, with implications for Canada.", "content": "An overview of venereal disease programs in Britain, West Germany, Denmark, and Sweden, with implications for Canada. Venereal disease (VD) programs in England, West Germany, Denmark, and Sweden were studied in 1975 and compared with the program in Canada.  Pronounced variation was found in case reporting procedures, contact tracing, treatment services, and health education.  Only Canadian physicians are required to identify VD patients by name in their statistical reports, which contributes to underreporting.  There are over 200 special VD clinics in England administered by the hospital system and providing free treatment.  In the other countries studied, those suspecting they have VD consult a general practitioner, a specialist in venereology and dermatology, or attend a public clinic.  Physicians in England, West Germany, and Canada cannot treat a minor without parental consent.  The incidence of reported cases of both syphilis and gonorrhea rose more markedly in Canada during 1969-73 than in the other 4 countries.  Overall, the results of the comparison suggest that Canada could benefit from careful attention to the British system, considered to be the most effective.  It is recognized that much of the effectiveness of the British system is due to the unique method of reimbursing general practitioners in that country.  Nonetheless, specific features of the VD programs in England and other European countries that could be applied to Canada include:  1) statistical rather than individual reporting of cases; 2) physical location of clinics in hospitals; 3) establishment of clinics in smaller as well as large cities; 4) extension of clinic activities to encompass management of all sexually transmitted diseases; 5) more serious attention to investigation and epidemiologic control of nonspecific genital infections, which in England are about 1.4 times as common as gonorrhea in both sexes combined; 6) special training in venereology for physicians in charge of clinics; 7) training and increased use of public health nurses and social workers in contact tracing; 8) increased use of public health nurses for health education of high risk groups; 9) compulsory sex education in schools; 10) increased use of vending machines for condom sales; and 11) legislation to facilitate treatment and examination of minors without parental consent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037430"}
{"pmid": "1037423", "title": "Effects of gamma irradiation on onion sprouting. I.--Influence of dose rate and post-harvest period of treatment.", "content": "Effects of gamma irradiation on onion sprouting. I.--Influence of dose rate and post-harvest period of treatment. Onions of \"Dorata di Parma\" variety were exposed to 10 Krads of Co60 gamma irradiation in 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 minutes in December, 1975 and then stored in the cold storage (10 +/- 1 degree C; R.H. 65-70%) and at the room temperature (15-20 degrees C; R.H. 40-70%) for 3 months, to study the influence of dose-rate and post-harvest period of treatment. Average number of buds sprouted in each onion bulb under cold storage condition ranged from 2-3, while this number was found to increase to 3-4 under ambient storage conditions. Although no effect of either irradiation or dose rate was observed when onions were irradiated after the break of their dormancy, however, a significant slowing down effect of irradiation could be observed as far as the rate of growth  of sprouts was concerned. Weight loss was also reduced significantly in the irradiated onions as compared with controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037423"}
{"pmid": "1037445", "title": "Recognition of lactose intolerance.", "content": "Recognition of lactose intolerance. Evidence has been accumulating that except where dairying has been carried on for centuries, postweaning inability to digest milk is the norm for humans as well as other land mammals. Given the ethnic diversity of the U.S., there may well be 30 million Americans who cannot drink milk without developing symptoms and many instinctively learn to avoid it. A simple lactose tolerance test is described that establishes the diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037445"}
{"pmid": "1037446", "title": "Treatment of meningeal leukemia.", "content": "Treatment of meningeal leukemia. Chemotherapy via the intrathecal and intraventricular routes with the use of up to three drugs plus radiotherapy have produced remissions so prolonged that it is now practical to think of a \"cure\" rather than simple palliation of this disease. A promising treatment protocol is described in which radiotherapy is combined with and followed by intraventricular methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037446"}
{"pmid": "1037447", "title": "In Papua New Guinea, health aides carry medical burden.", "content": "In Papua New Guinea, health aides carry medical burden.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037447"}
{"pmid": "1037436", "title": "Behaviour of two acid hydrolases in Fasciola hepatica during in vitro survival.", "content": "Behaviour of two acid hydrolases in Fasciola hepatica during in vitro survival.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037436"}
{"pmid": "1037448", "title": "The pharmacist: gatekeeper of the community's health.", "content": "The pharmacist: gatekeeper of the community's health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037448"}
{"pmid": "1037449", "title": "FDA problems with medications in the marketplace: I.", "content": "FDA problems with medications in the marketplace: I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037449"}
{"pmid": "1037450", "title": "Growth rate, feeding practices, and dietary intake of Thai infants under two years old in central Bangkok.", "content": "Growth rate, feeding practices, and dietary intake of Thai infants under two years old in central Bangkok. There is a growth retardation among Thai infants under the age of two years in the Bangkok area. A serious matter is the possible delay in brain development which may start at this early stage. In comparing growth curves of infants on three patterns of feeding it appears that those having sweetened condensed milk suffer from malnutrition and possible delay in brain development. Breast feeding provides satisfactory growth rate and brain development up to the age of 12 months and there is great hope that a nutrition programme to encourage breast feeding could combat existing problems of protein energy malnutrition. There is evidence of greater deficiency of energy than of protein, and there is need to investigate whether growth retardation is due to inadequate energy intake or to high infection rates or to both. Rice is the most suitable basic food for supplementing infants diets, and uncooked grain giving 1 g protein and 83.68 kJ (20 kcal) may well be the simplest formula for supplementing feeding up to the age of two years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037450"}
{"pmid": "1037454", "title": "Low molecular weight organic acids as inhibitors of kinin-forming activity of a rodent tumor acid protease and human plasma kallikrein.", "content": "Low molecular weight organic acids as inhibitors of kinin-forming activity of a rodent tumor acid protease and human plasma kallikrein.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037454"}
{"pmid": "1037455", "title": "Control of food intake in the lactating rat: role of suckling and hormones.", "content": "Control of food intake in the lactating rat: role of suckling and hormones.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037455"}
{"pmid": "1037441", "title": "The effect of minocycline, doxycycline and oxytetracycline on experimental mouse toxoplasmosis.", "content": "The effect of minocycline, doxycycline and oxytetracycline on experimental mouse toxoplasmosis. This is a comparative study of the effect of oral and parenteral administration of oxytetracycline, doxycycline and minocycline on experimental acute toxoplasmosis in mice. Two different inocula were used. All the antibiotics were ineffective orally. Doxycycline and minocycline were effective intraperitoneally, curing 90% of the mice who received the smaller inoculum. However, cerebral cysts of T. gondii were more common in the survivors treated with doxycycline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037441"}
{"pmid": "1037465", "title": "The effects of treatment with enzymatic preparations and tannin phenolic absorbent agents in extracting the olive oil by single pressure process on the oil yield, on the analytical characteristics of the oils of the vegetation waters and of the waste waters.", "content": "The effects of treatment with enzymatic preparations and tannin phenolic absorbent agents in extracting the olive oil by single pressure process on the oil yield, on the analytical characteristics of the oils of the vegetation waters and of the waste waters. The vegetation waters of the must, the oils and the waste waters extracted from olive pastes, treated by enzymatic preparations (Cellulase, Hemicellulase, Polygalacturonase and Protease) and tannin phenolic adsorbent agents (Polyclar AT, Methylcellulose, Albumine) employed during crushing of olive were analysed:--the vegetation waters in order to justify some technological results (oil yields and extraction speed) obtained by the treatments;--the oils in order to examine the effects of the treatments on the same chemical characteristics and the stability to rancidity. --The waste waters to verify the possible influence of the treatments on the BOD. From the results relative to the vegetation waters, it has been suggested that the increase of the \"detached oil\" does occur by two different biochemical mechanisms which involve the constitutive lipoprotein of the oil drop membrane and colloidal constituents of the liquid and solid phase of the pastes. For what concerns the oils, the treatments induce the slight modification of the fatty acid composition and chromatic characteristics, a higher stability to rancidity, a qualitative and quantitative increase of the \"headspace\" violates constituents above oils. The waste waters obtained from the olive pastes show lower BOD5 values.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037465"}
{"pmid": "1037466", "title": "Simultaneous purification of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic isozymes of aspartate aminotransferase from beef kidney.", "content": "Simultaneous purification of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic isozymes of aspartate aminotransferase from beef kidney. Mitochondrial and cytoplasmic isozymes of aspartate transaminase are separated from beef kidney homogenates by ammonium sulfate fractionation. The mitochondrial isozyme is purified essentially as described earlier (Eur. J. Biochem., 1972, 26, 196-206) with slight modification in order to increase the yield. The cytoplasmic isozyme is purified by heat treatment followed by ion exchange cellulose chromatography and gel chromatography. The enzyme is pure in the ultracentrifuge and in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; it shows only one anionic band and no subforms. It has a molecular weight of 93,000 +/- 2000 and is composed of two subunits of 46,000 M.W. The enzyme has a specific activity of 49 micronmoles of oxalacetate x min-1 x mg-1. It contains 5 SH groups per subunit; three are directly titratable with p-mercuribenzoate and the other two only after addition of 0.2% SDS; there is no evidence of S-S groups. Km values for aspartate, glutamate, alpha-ketoglutarate and oxalacetate are in the order 1.25, 3.2, 0.06 and 0.41 mM in the cytoplasmic isozyme and 0.7, 5.0, 1.25 and 0.12 mM in the mitochondrial one.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037466"}
{"pmid": "1037467", "title": "L-Asparaginase: effect on 7S gamma globulin extents and germinal centers in spleen and lymph-nodes.", "content": "L-Asparaginase: effect on 7S gamma globulin extents and germinal centers in spleen and lymph-nodes. Administration of L-asparaginase may cause remission in a high percentage of acute lymphocytic leukemias and lymphomas, either in experimental animals or in human beings. This enzyme is able to depress immune reactions like lymphocyte blastogenesis and delayed hypersensitivity, and to impair gamma-globulin synthesis. L-asparaginase also has antigenic properties, and may cause the formation of anti-L-asparaginase antibodies. This study reports observations on the effect of L-asparginase on the 7S gamma-globulin levels and on the behaviour of the germinal centers in spleen and lymph nodes. It has been found that after administration of low or intermediate doses of L-asparginase, a decrease in the size of the follicular marginal zones occurred. This was accompanied by an enlargement of the germinal centers. Furthermore the spleen weight decreased and the concentration of 7S gamma-globulin diminished slightly. In animals given high doses of L-asparaginase, germinal centers were enlarged even more but marginal zones appeared repopulated although not to the degree of the controls. The spleen weight of these enzyme-injected animals reached almost the normal values, while a statistically significant decrease of 7S gamma-globulin concentrations was found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037467"}
{"pmid": "1037443", "title": "A comparison of the dissolution and bioavailability characteristics of three spironolactone tablet formulations, including preliminary data on two spironolactone metabolites.", "content": "A comparison of the dissolution and bioavailability characteristics of three spironolactone tablet formulations, including preliminary data on two spironolactone metabolites. The bioavailabilities of three spironolactone tablet formulations specially selected for major differences in in vitro dissolution tests were compared in normal male volunteers by measuring plasma and urinary levels of the pharmacologically active spironolactone metabolite canrenone. It was possible to demonstrate small but statistically significant differences in plasma canrenone concentration-time curves derived from the three formulations together with significant differences in the time course of urinary canrenone excretion. The bioavailabilities of the three formulations did not differ significantly although the tablet with the poorest in vitro dissolution produced a significant delayed peak canrenone concentration. The dissolution rate methodology and results are described and an approach to the development of improved in vitro dissolution tests for spironolactone is suggested. The use of a new method for canrenone estimation resulted in the incidental detection of two other quantitatively significant spironolactone metabolites and preliminary information is given on these.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037443"}
{"pmid": "1037479", "title": "Experiences in a paediatric gastroenterology clinic.", "content": "Experiences in a paediatric gastroenterology clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037479"}
{"pmid": "1037477", "title": "Vagrant women and venereal disease.", "content": "Vagrant women and venereal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037477"}
{"pmid": "1037476", "title": "Bromocriptine in refractory post partum lactation.", "content": "Bromocriptine in refractory post partum lactation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037476"}
{"pmid": "1037478", "title": "Intrathecal administration of CDP-choline into the lower lumbar subarachnoid space in two patients with post-traumatic akinetic mutism.", "content": "Intrathecal administration of CDP-choline into the lower lumbar subarachnoid space in two patients with post-traumatic akinetic mutism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037478"}
{"pmid": "1037481", "title": "Allergy and infant feeding.", "content": "Allergy and infant feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037481"}
{"pmid": "1037482", "title": "Absolute configuration and biological activity of viminol stereoisomers.", "content": "Absolute configuration and biological activity of viminol stereoisomers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037482"}
{"pmid": "1037480", "title": "The  contribution of computerized axial tomography to ophthalmology.", "content": "The  contribution of computerized axial tomography to ophthalmology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037480"}
{"pmid": "1037483", "title": "Clinical studies with bromocriptine in idiopathic parkinsonism.", "content": "Clinical studies with bromocriptine in idiopathic parkinsonism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037483"}
{"pmid": "1037484", "title": "Bringing comprehensive health care to a rural setting: islands near Charleston provide setting for first Urban Health feature on rural health activity.", "content": "Bringing comprehensive health care to a rural setting: islands near Charleston provide setting for first Urban Health feature on rural health activity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037484"}
{"pmid": "1037485", "title": "Training is not enough!", "content": "Training is not enough!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037485"}
{"pmid": "1037486", "title": "OD and the role of the external consultant.", "content": "OD and the role of the external consultant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037486"}
{"pmid": "1037487", "title": "ASHET: organization development.", "content": "ASHET: organization development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037487"}
{"pmid": "1037489", "title": "Contracting for OD: toward a consultant-client team.", "content": "Contracting for OD: toward a consultant-client team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037489"}
{"pmid": "1037488", "title": "OD problem diagnosis: a model.", "content": "OD problem diagnosis: a model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037488"}
{"pmid": "1037490", "title": "Hospital alcoholism programs reach the community and business.", "content": "Hospital alcoholism programs reach the community and business.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037490"}
{"pmid": "1037491", "title": "ASHET: educators within institutions.", "content": "ASHET: educators within institutions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037491"}
{"pmid": "1037494", "title": "Proposed HIP rate increase meets with opposition.", "content": "Proposed HIP rate increase meets with opposition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037494"}
{"pmid": "1037495", "title": "Sex discrimination, HMOs and ERISA reviewed at AMA personnel conference.", "content": "Sex discrimination, HMOs and ERISA reviewed at AMA personnel conference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037495"}
{"pmid": "1037497", "title": "Re-survey \"Fortune 500\"; interest in HMOs triples.", "content": "Re-survey \"Fortune 500\"; interest in HMOs triples.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037497"}
{"pmid": "1037496", "title": "U.S. District Court orders payment of maternity benefits to unwed mothers under Title VII.", "content": "U.S. District Court orders payment of maternity benefits to unwed mothers under Title VII.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037496"}
{"pmid": "1037498", "title": "States grudgingly grant Blues rate increases.", "content": "States grudgingly grant Blues rate increases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037498"}
{"pmid": "1037502", "title": "Group accident & health in 1975 by lines.", "content": "Group accident & health in 1975 by lines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037502"}
{"pmid": "1037500", "title": "Prescription drug plans popular with everyone--including providers.", "content": "Prescription drug plans popular with everyone--including providers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037500"}
{"pmid": "1037499", "title": "Bill would limit Sec. 105(d) sick pay exclusion.", "content": "Bill would limit Sec. 105(d) sick pay exclusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037499"}
{"pmid": "1037501", "title": "Propose commission to oversee health system.", "content": "Propose commission to oversee health system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037501"}
{"pmid": "1037503", "title": "Federal employees' suit seeks to cut premium boost in half.", "content": "Federal employees' suit seeks to cut premium boost in half.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037503"}
{"pmid": "1037506", "title": "Industry's alcoholism programs reducing absenteeism, costs.", "content": "Industry's alcoholism programs reducing absenteeism, costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037506"}
{"pmid": "1037505", "title": "Findings disputed on reports of medical incompetencies.", "content": "Findings disputed on reports of medical incompetencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037505"}
{"pmid": "1037511", "title": "Elective surgery increased after implementation of Canadian medical insurance.", "content": "Elective surgery increased after implementation of Canadian medical insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037511"}
{"pmid": "1037508", "title": "Maryland hospitals support government efforts to reduce Blue Cross 'discounting' practices.", "content": "Maryland hospitals support government efforts to reduce Blue Cross 'discounting' practices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037508"}
{"pmid": "1037507", "title": "Radiologists disclose withdrawal of College's relative value scale.", "content": "Radiologists disclose withdrawal of College's relative value scale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037507"}
{"pmid": "1037510", "title": "Wisconsin nursing home ombudsman program shows scoreboard on complaints.", "content": "Wisconsin nursing home ombudsman program shows scoreboard on complaints.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037510"}
{"pmid": "1037512", "title": "Urges writing cost-sharing into NHI to offset control employer is sure to lose.", "content": "Urges writing cost-sharing into NHI to offset control employer is sure to lose.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037512"}
{"pmid": "1037509", "title": "N. Y. Blues experiment with control of elective surgery.", "content": "N. Y. Blues experiment with control of elective surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037509"}
{"pmid": "1037504", "title": "Blue Shield unnecessary surgery program to examine cost savings from data.", "content": "Blue Shield unnecessary surgery program to examine cost savings from data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037504"}
{"pmid": "1037513", "title": "More employees covered for disability in '74, but claims experience off: N. Y. study.", "content": "More employees covered for disability in '74, but claims experience off: N. Y. study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037513"}
{"pmid": "1037518", "title": "FTC launches effort to knock down anti-ad rules for doctors, others.", "content": "FTC launches effort to knock down anti-ad rules for doctors, others.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037518"}
{"pmid": "1037516", "title": "N.J.'s Sheeran makes specific cost control suggestions, including merger, to BC-BS plans.", "content": "N.J.'s Sheeran makes specific cost control suggestions, including merger, to BC-BS plans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037516"}
{"pmid": "1037515", "title": "Anti-selection can play an important role in HMO coverage, Rochester experience demonstrates.", "content": "Anti-selection can play an important role in HMO coverage, Rochester experience demonstrates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037515"}
{"pmid": "1037514", "title": "Kansas lops $2,600,000 from Blues' rate hikes.", "content": "Kansas lops $2,600,000 from Blues' rate hikes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037514"}
{"pmid": "1037517", "title": "Reluctance evident in slow growth of same-day surgery.", "content": "Reluctance evident in slow growth of same-day surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037517"}
{"pmid": "1037519", "title": "Umpire rules phone treatments are covered by health fund.", "content": "Umpire rules phone treatments are covered by health fund.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037519"}
{"pmid": "1037520", "title": "Use of fee-for-service, indemnity plans exceeds use of HMO, studies show.", "content": "Use of fee-for-service, indemnity plans exceeds use of HMO, studies show.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037520"}
{"pmid": "1037521", "title": "TDA offers alternative cooperation to carriers.", "content": "TDA offers alternative cooperation to carriers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037521"}
{"pmid": "1037522", "title": "General Mills cuts inpatient days with HMO; 49% of Minneapolis-area employees choose option.", "content": "General Mills cuts inpatient days with HMO; 49% of Minneapolis-area employees choose option.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037522"}
{"pmid": "1037523", "title": "Dual choice option: opinions of labor presented by Seidman at GHAA meeting.", "content": "Dual choice option: opinions of labor presented by Seidman at GHAA meeting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037523"}
{"pmid": "1037524", "title": "HEW integrates health figures with other trends.", "content": "HEW integrates health figures with other trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037524"}
{"pmid": "1037492", "title": "Assert yourself for effectiveness.", "content": "Assert yourself for effectiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037492"}
{"pmid": "1037493", "title": "Get professional recognition for inhouse CE courses.", "content": "Get professional recognition for inhouse CE courses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037493"}
{"pmid": "1037525", "title": "Hospital admissions down; but emergency visits, costs increase.", "content": "Hospital admissions down; but emergency visits, costs increase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037525"}
{"pmid": "1037527", "title": "Speakers urge acceptance of HMOs by employers.", "content": "Speakers urge acceptance of HMOs by employers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037527"}
{"pmid": "1037526", "title": "Caesarean deliveries on the rise.", "content": "Caesarean deliveries on the rise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037526"}
{"pmid": "1037529", "title": "Organizing human services in Florida. A study of the public policy process.", "content": "Organizing human services in Florida. A study of the public policy process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037529"}
{"pmid": "1037534", "title": "Prevalence of cytoplasmic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus.", "content": "Prevalence of cytoplasmic antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus. Prevalence of cytoplasmic antibodies--smooth muscle antibodies (SMA), gastric parietal cell antibodies (GPA), and mitochondrial antibodies (MTA)--was evaluated in 148 normal persons and 168 patients by indirect immunofluorescent method. Their prevalence in normal persons was 0%, 2% and 0% for SMA, GPA and MTA respectively, while SMA and MTA were positive in 5.7% and 8.6% of the 35 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients respectively. The difference in the prevalence of SMA and MTA between these two groups was statistically significant. The higher prevalence of these antibodies and the occurrence of various kinds of antibodies in SLE patients support the thesis that SLE is an autoimmune phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037534"}
{"pmid": "1037533", "title": "Studies on the new cell line TT-I: viral susceptibility and chromosomal changes related to mycoplasma contamination.", "content": "Studies on the new cell line TT-I: viral susceptibility and chromosomal changes related to mycoplasma contamination. For understanding some biological properties of TT-1 cell line established in our laboratory in 1962, its viral susceptibility and the changes in chromosomes related to mycoplasma contamination were studied. TT-1 cells were susceptible to the infection of picorna (Polio type 1, Coxsackie B1 and Echo type 2), measles, Newcastle disease, herpes simplex (type 1), adeno (type 12) and vaccinia viruses. Contamination of TT-1 cells with Mycoplasma hominis was treated successfully with bottromycin A2 (50 microgram/ml). The chromosomes of the cells ranged from 52 to 55 in number and two additional minute chromosomes were found in the cells contaminated with the mycoplasma. However, after treatment with bottromycin, these two minute chromosomes disappeared.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037533"}
{"pmid": "1037535", "title": "Standardization of antimicrobial disc susceptibility test for anaerobic bacteria.", "content": "Standardization of antimicrobial disc susceptibility test for anaerobic bacteria. Both agar diluiton and agar diffusion tests with 8 clinically useful or potentially useful antimicrobial agents were performed with 74 strains of Bacteroides fragilis. Correlation of results obtained by the two methods and applicability of the single disc test to the measurement of antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobes were analyzed. Prediction of susceptibility, intermediate susceptibility, and resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobial agents, based on the measurement of inhibition zone diameter, appeared to be satisfactory generally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037535"}
{"pmid": "1037536", "title": "In vitro phagocytosis of Trypanosoma musculi by mouse macrophage.", "content": "In vitro phagocytosis of Trypanosoma musculi by mouse macrophage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037536"}
{"pmid": "1037537", "title": "Malic dehydrogenase patterns in different strains of Schistosoma japonicum and subspecies of Oncomelania hupensis.", "content": "Malic dehydrogenase patterns in different strains of Schistosoma japonicum and subspecies of Oncomelania hupensis. Malic dehydrogenase (MDH) of the Formosan Philippine and Indonesian Strains of Schistosoma japonicum and 3 subspecies of snails, Oncomelania hupensis formosana, O. h. quadrasi, and O. h. lindoensis were identified by disc electrophoresis with 10.5% acrylamide gel columns using tris-malic buffer. Male worm extracts of S. japonicum demonstrated 3, 2, and 2 clear MDH patterns and female worm extracts showed patterns of 2, 1 and 1 for the Formosan, Philippine and Indonesian strains of the parasite, respectively. MDH patterns were the same for all 3 subspecies of snails; one major and one minor band being found in all.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037537"}
{"pmid": "1037538", "title": "Angiostrongylus cantonensis in rats on Makung, Pescadores Islands (Peng Hu).", "content": "Angiostrongylus cantonensis in rats on Makung, Pescadores Islands (Peng Hu).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037538"}
{"pmid": "1037539", "title": "Federal Trade Commission continues antitrust campaign in move against Blue Shield.", "content": "Federal Trade Commission continues antitrust campaign in move against Blue Shield.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037539"}
{"pmid": "1037541", "title": "Auto industry health care cost issue boils over; cos. want to \"share\" costs, UAW threatens BC-BS.", "content": "Auto industry health care cost issue boils over; cos. want to \"share\" costs, UAW threatens BC-BS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037541"}
{"pmid": "1037540", "title": "Supreme Court dismisses Wetzel discrimination-in-maternity-benefits case.", "content": "Supreme Court dismisses Wetzel discrimination-in-maternity-benefits case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037540"}
{"pmid": "1037542", "title": "GM executive outlines health care cost controls.", "content": "GM executive outlines health care cost controls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037542"}
{"pmid": "1037543", "title": "Rocky Mountain HMO one of two IPA's qualified under Act.", "content": "Rocky Mountain HMO one of two IPA's qualified under Act.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037543"}
{"pmid": "1037544", "title": "Administration backs HMO amendments, but differs with pending bills on some points.", "content": "Administration backs HMO amendments, but differs with pending bills on some points.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037544"}
{"pmid": "1037545", "title": "Prospective reimbursement; a step to cut hospital costs.", "content": "Prospective reimbursement; a step to cut hospital costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037545"}
{"pmid": "1037546", "title": "Physician maldistribution means poor care for 1 in 5.", "content": "Physician maldistribution means poor care for 1 in 5.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037546"}
{"pmid": "1037547", "title": "Blues in several states use second opinions.", "content": "Blues in several states use second opinions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037547"}
{"pmid": "1037548", "title": "Drug firms agree to pay carriers $12.5 million.", "content": "Drug firms agree to pay carriers $12.5 million.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037548"}
{"pmid": "1037549", "title": "Sweden's broad statutory health, sick leave benefits.", "content": "Sweden's broad statutory health, sick leave benefits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037549"}
{"pmid": "1037550", "title": "\"Maximum allowable cost\" effective date delayed.", "content": "\"Maximum allowable cost\" effective date delayed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037550"}
{"pmid": "1037551", "title": "500,000 railroad employees get dental coverage.", "content": "500,000 railroad employees get dental coverage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037551"}
{"pmid": "1037552", "title": "Private health plans cater to \"snob appeal\".", "content": "Private health plans cater to \"snob appeal\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037552"}
{"pmid": "1037553", "title": "Minnesota sets minimum standards for health insurance plans; mandates HMO dual-choice clause.", "content": "Minnesota sets minimum standards for health insurance plans; mandates HMO dual-choice clause.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037553"}
{"pmid": "1037554", "title": "Blue Cross influences health care delivery.", "content": "Blue Cross influences health care delivery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037554"}
{"pmid": "1037557", "title": "New qualified HMO in Delaware Valley.", "content": "New qualified HMO in Delaware Valley.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037557"}
{"pmid": "1037555", "title": "\"Dental is different\" says Penn. Blue Shield VP.", "content": "\"Dental is different\" says Penn. Blue Shield VP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037555"}
{"pmid": "1037558", "title": "Book says health system not likely to change.", "content": "Book says health system not likely to change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037558"}
{"pmid": "1037559", "title": "Alcoa manager testifies about company program to control health care costs.", "content": "Alcoa manager testifies about company program to control health care costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037559"}
{"pmid": "1037560", "title": "Natl. Health Planning Act called last attempt at local input.", "content": "Natl. Health Planning Act called last attempt at local input.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037560"}
{"pmid": "1037561", "title": "Lack of privacy hit at hearing; \"open\" medical data cited.", "content": "Lack of privacy hit at hearing; \"open\" medical data cited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037561"}
{"pmid": "1037556", "title": "Has U.S. health care system reached an impasse? Improvement to be minimal, cost great, prof. says.", "content": "Has U.S. health care system reached an impasse? Improvement to be minimal, cost great, prof. says.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037556"}
{"pmid": "1037562", "title": "High court postpones sex-discrimination-in-maternity-benefits case.", "content": "High court postpones sex-discrimination-in-maternity-benefits case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037562"}
{"pmid": "1037563", "title": "Supreme Court okays prescription drug advertising; FTC to investigate possible AMA restraint of trade.", "content": "Supreme Court okays prescription drug advertising; FTC to investigate possible AMA restraint of trade.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037563"}
{"pmid": "1037564", "title": "IPA plan in Rochester, N.Y. terminates; subscribers offered three coverage options.", "content": "IPA plan in Rochester, N.Y. terminates; subscribers offered three coverage options.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037564"}
{"pmid": "1037565", "title": "Amendments will help HMOs compete in marketplace; 25 employees in service area needed for activation.", "content": "Amendments will help HMOs compete in marketplace; 25 employees in service area needed for activation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037565"}
{"pmid": "1037566", "title": "South African government sets minimum standards for private health coverage.", "content": "South African government sets minimum standards for private health coverage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037566"}
{"pmid": "1037567", "title": "Employer should evaluate dental carrier; chart outlines five major plans.", "content": "Employer should evaluate dental carrier; chart outlines five major plans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037567"}
{"pmid": "1037569", "title": "Evaluating premiums for voluntary AD&D coverage.", "content": "Evaluating premiums for voluntary AD&D coverage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037569"}
{"pmid": "1037568", "title": "Multiphasic screening does not always mean better health care, changed behavior.", "content": "Multiphasic screening does not always mean better health care, changed behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037568"}
{"pmid": "1037570", "title": "New York HSA cites excess open-heart surgery units.", "content": "New York HSA cites excess open-heart surgery units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037570"}
{"pmid": "1037571", "title": "Views: enrollment in a health maintenance organization option.", "content": "Views: enrollment in a health maintenance organization option.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037571"}
{"pmid": "1037572", "title": "NHI not likely to pass Congress during 1976.", "content": "NHI not likely to pass Congress during 1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037572"}
{"pmid": "1037573", "title": "Subchapter S prof. corp. loses pension deduction.", "content": "Subchapter S prof. corp. loses pension deduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037573"}
{"pmid": "1037574", "title": "GAO drug-price audit fought; firms say costs unknowable.", "content": "GAO drug-price audit fought; firms say costs unknowable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037574"}
{"pmid": "1037575", "title": "Hospital administrators discuss cost control.", "content": "Hospital administrators discuss cost control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037575"}
{"pmid": "1037576", "title": "HMO conference finds activated employers cautiously moving to implement choice.", "content": "HMO conference finds activated employers cautiously moving to implement choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037576"}
{"pmid": "1037577", "title": "HEW doesn't expect strict compliance with HMO law.", "content": "HEW doesn't expect strict compliance with HMO law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037577"}
{"pmid": "1037578", "title": "Insurers becoming more involved in HMOs, HIAA tells Kennedy.", "content": "Insurers becoming more involved in HMOs, HIAA tells Kennedy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037578"}
{"pmid": "1037579", "title": "Western Clinic of Tacoma quits prepaid group practice.", "content": "Western Clinic of Tacoma quits prepaid group practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037579"}
{"pmid": "1037580", "title": "New national health plan takes effect in Australia.", "content": "New national health plan takes effect in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037580"}
{"pmid": "1037581", "title": "Blue Cross-Blue Shield plans attacked thrice.", "content": "Blue Cross-Blue Shield plans attacked thrice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037581"}
{"pmid": "1037582", "title": "New York research says second opinion programs permanently defer surgery.", "content": "New York research says second opinion programs permanently defer surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037582"}
{"pmid": "1037583", "title": "Many factors must be considered when examining the rising cost of hospital care.", "content": "Many factors must be considered when examining the rising cost of hospital care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037583"}
{"pmid": "1037584", "title": "Views: activation by HMOs.", "content": "Views: activation by HMOs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037584"}
{"pmid": "1037585", "title": "How Michigan Blues contain health care costs.", "content": "How Michigan Blues contain health care costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037585"}
{"pmid": "1037588", "title": "Tax Reform Act of 1976 changes sick pay, allows \"joint\" IRAs boosts ESOPs and prepaid legal.", "content": "Tax Reform Act of 1976 changes sick pay, allows \"joint\" IRAs boosts ESOPs and prepaid legal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037588"}
{"pmid": "1037587", "title": "Physicians have role to play in hospital cost control.", "content": "Physicians have role to play in hospital cost control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037587"}
{"pmid": "1037589", "title": "FTC prohibits Spokane HMO boycott.", "content": "FTC prohibits Spokane HMO boycott.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037589"}
{"pmid": "1037586", "title": "Although employer is administrator for plan, insurer is liable.", "content": "Although employer is administrator for plan, insurer is liable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037586"}
{"pmid": "1037590", "title": "GAO outlines HMO roadblocks in report to Congress.", "content": "GAO outlines HMO roadblocks in report to Congress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037590"}
{"pmid": "1037591", "title": "How Sears, Roebuck is complying with HMO Act.", "content": "How Sears, Roebuck is complying with HMO Act.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037591"}
{"pmid": "1037592", "title": "New Chicago HMO will experience-rate inpatient costs.", "content": "New Chicago HMO will experience-rate inpatient costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037592"}
{"pmid": "1037593", "title": "HEW acts on home care, SNFs.", "content": "HEW acts on home care, SNFs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037593"}
{"pmid": "1037594", "title": "Surgicenters planned in Washington, D.C., area.", "content": "Surgicenters planned in Washington, D.C., area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037594"}
{"pmid": "1037597", "title": "How R.J. Reynolds started successful HMO.", "content": "How R.J. Reynolds started successful HMO.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037597"}
{"pmid": "1037595", "title": "Pre-admission testing saves money, BC-BS says.", "content": "Pre-admission testing saves money, BC-BS says.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037595"}
{"pmid": "1037596", "title": "Two states start prospective role review.", "content": "Two states start prospective role review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037596"}
{"pmid": "1037598", "title": "NAEHMO develops HMO checklist.", "content": "NAEHMO develops HMO checklist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037598"}
{"pmid": "1037599", "title": "Four essential ingredients of a well-designed dental program outlined by actuary.", "content": "Four essential ingredients of a well-designed dental program outlined by actuary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037599"}
{"pmid": "1037600", "title": "Computer eases administration of dental claims.", "content": "Computer eases administration of dental claims.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037600"}
{"pmid": "1037601", "title": "Normal pregnancies to be covered under Cal. UCD.", "content": "Normal pregnancies to be covered under Cal. UCD.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037601"}
{"pmid": "1037602", "title": "CEB speakers urge employers to become involved in hospital cost control programs.", "content": "CEB speakers urge employers to become involved in hospital cost control programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037602"}
{"pmid": "1037607", "title": "Surface activity of pulmonary alveolar lipids from dogs subjected to hemorrhagic shock.", "content": "Surface activity of pulmonary alveolar lipids from dogs subjected to hemorrhagic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037607"}
{"pmid": "1037611", "title": "Model ecosystem evaluation of the environmental impacts of the veterinary drugs phenothiazine, sulfamethazine, clopidol, and diethylstilbestrol.", "content": "Model ecosystem evaluation of the environmental impacts of the veterinary drugs phenothiazine, sulfamethazine, clopidol, and diethylstilbestrol. Four veterinary drugs of dissimilar chemical structures were evaluated for environmental stability and penchant for bioaccumulation. The techniques used were (1) a model aquatic ecosystem (3 days) and (2) a model feedlot ecosystem (33 days) in which the drugs were introduced via the excreta of chicks or mice. The model feedlot ecosystem was supported by metabolism cage studies to determine the amount and the form of the drug excreted by the chicks or mice. Considerable quantities of all the drugs were excreted intact or as environmentally short-lived conjugates. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and Clopidol were the most persistent molecules, but only DES bioaccumulated to any appreciable degree. Phenothiazine was very biodegradable; sulfamethazine was relatively biodegradable and only accumulated in the organisms to very low levels. Data from the aquatic model ecosystem demonstrated a good correlation between the partition coefficients of the drugs and their accumulation in the fish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037611"}
{"pmid": "1037626", "title": "Regeneration-promoting properties of tribenoside in Amblystoma mexicanum.", "content": "Regeneration-promoting properties of tribenoside in Amblystoma mexicanum. Tribenoside in a dose of 100 mg/kg i.p. significantly accelerates the regeneration of puncture wounds in the caudal membrane of Amblystoma mexicanum. A dose of 200 mg/kg exerts a less-pronounced vulnerary effect and is occasionally toxic. Tribenoside also stimulates regeneration in this species when added to bath fluid in a concentration of 1:400,000 (exposure for 6 h daily). A concentration of 1:200,000 is less effective and has a slightly irritant effect on the tissue. 14 days after operation, the rate of mitosis in the regenerative blastema is distinctly greater than that demonstrable in the normal integument of the axolotl. The number of cell divisions in the regenerating tissue is not significantly altered by tribenoside in a concentration of 1:400,000. The possible involvement of other mechanisms in the stimulated regeneration observed after treatment with tribenoside is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037626"}
{"pmid": "1037627", "title": "A case of cutaneous bovine leucosis in Hungary.", "content": "A case of cutaneous bovine leucosis in Hungary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037627"}
{"pmid": "1037628", "title": "\"The orbit\" (a review).", "content": "\"The orbit\" (a review).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037628"}
{"pmid": "1037631", "title": "Problems and proposals on the study of tryptophan metabolism.", "content": "Problems and proposals on the study of tryptophan metabolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037631"}
{"pmid": "1037636", "title": "Leukocyte migration inhibition in vitro in untreated and methimazole-treated patients with Graves disease.", "content": "Leukocyte migration inhibition in vitro in untreated and methimazole-treated patients with Graves disease. The leukocyte migration tests has been applied to investigate immune-reactivity of 43 untreated and methimazole-treated patients against thyroid crude antigen. A significant migration inhibition was observed in 21 untreated patients, while in 22 methimazole-treated patients the migration test was negative independently of T3 suppressibility. Migration inhibition against thyroid antigen and purified protein derivative (PPD) was reduced or abolished after preincubation with methimazole of leukocytes of untreated patients. It seems that methimazole-treatment influences not only thyroid iodine metabolism, but by means of a direct effect on lymphocytes it also decreases the pathological stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037636"}
{"pmid": "1037637", "title": "The effect of the antibilharzial compound (Bilharcid) on Schistosoma mansoni in vitro and in vivo.", "content": "The effect of the antibilharzial compound (Bilharcid) on Schistosoma mansoni in vitro and in vivo. The effect of Piperazine diantimonyl tartrate (Bilharcid) as compared with that of tartar emetic on Schistosoma mansoni has been studied. In vitro experiments on living worms in tyrode/serum cultures have proved that Bilharcid 5-10 gamma/ml has the same antibilharzial activity as tartar emetic in 5-10 gamma/ml. In vivo experiments on Schistosoma mansoni infected mice have proved also that Bilharcid has more or less the same effect as that of tartar emetic. In this study, the worm burden load and the oogram techniques were used as the criteria for antibilharzial assessment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037637"}
{"pmid": "1037649", "title": "The effect of D-penicillamine on the albumin-bilirubin complex.", "content": "The effect of D-penicillamine on the albumin-bilirubin complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037649"}
{"pmid": "1037662", "title": "In vitro microagglutination of human spermatozoa by ethinyl estradiol: a brief communication.", "content": "In vitro microagglutination of human spermatozoa by ethinyl estradiol: a brief communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037662"}
{"pmid": "1037664", "title": "Rejoinder: toward optimal arousal and away from original din.", "content": "Rejoinder: toward optimal arousal and away from original din.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037664"}
{"pmid": "1037666", "title": "Surgical management of nasal obstruction.", "content": "Surgical management of nasal obstruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037666"}
{"pmid": "1037665", "title": "The aetiological evaluation of acute microbial conjunctivitis in Greece. Epidemiological study.", "content": "The aetiological evaluation of acute microbial conjunctivitis in Greece. Epidemiological study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037665"}
{"pmid": "1037667", "title": "The allograft incus: an otologic necessity.", "content": "The allograft incus: an otologic necessity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037667"}
{"pmid": "1037668", "title": "Stromal herpes simplex keratitis.", "content": "Stromal herpes simplex keratitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037668"}
{"pmid": "1037669", "title": "The health care consumer: compliant captive?", "content": "The health care consumer: compliant captive?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037669"}
{"pmid": "1037670", "title": "Of half gods and mortals: Aesculapian authority.", "content": "Of half gods and mortals: Aesculapian authority.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037670"}
{"pmid": "1037671", "title": "Sex discrimination in health care.", "content": "Sex discrimination in health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037671"}
{"pmid": "1037672", "title": "Some crucial terms in nursing--a second opinion.", "content": "Some crucial terms in nursing--a second opinion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037672"}
{"pmid": "1037673", "title": "Premature reassurance: a distancing maneuver.", "content": "Premature reassurance: a distancing maneuver.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037673"}
{"pmid": "1037674", "title": "Mutual Hostility--that was the risk with Mark. He wasn't exactly a demanding patient. He had but one demand: \"Leave me alone\".", "content": "Mutual Hostility--that was the risk with Mark. He wasn't exactly a demanding patient. He had but one demand: \"Leave me alone\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037674"}
{"pmid": "1037675", "title": "A do-it-yourself restraint that works!", "content": "A do-it-yourself restraint that works!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037675"}
{"pmid": "1037676", "title": "How well do you understand cirrhosis?", "content": "How well do you understand cirrhosis?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037676"}
{"pmid": "1037678", "title": "Pediatric procedures. The explanation should always come first.", "content": "Pediatric procedures. The explanation should always come first.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037678"}
{"pmid": "1037677", "title": "Physical examination. Part 12. Chest and lungs.", "content": "Physical examination. Part 12. Chest and lungs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037677"}
{"pmid": "1037679", "title": "Blood pressure equipment.", "content": "Blood pressure equipment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037679"}
{"pmid": "1037680", "title": "Individualized nursing care: how one nurse practitioner succeeded where 20 doctors had failed.", "content": "Individualized nursing care: how one nurse practitioner succeeded where 20 doctors had failed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037680"}
{"pmid": "1037681", "title": "Nursing '75 career guide.", "content": "Nursing '75 career guide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037681"}
{"pmid": "1037697", "title": "Letter: New approach to intractable ascites: peritoneo-atrial shunt.", "content": "Letter: New approach to intractable ascites: peritoneo-atrial shunt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037697"}
{"pmid": "1037698", "title": "Getting the most from mutual funds.", "content": "Getting the most from mutual funds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037698"}
{"pmid": "1037688", "title": "Acute exacerbation of dyspnea in a COPD patient.", "content": "Acute exacerbation of dyspnea in a COPD patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037688"}
{"pmid": "1037686", "title": "Digitalis-induced accelerated idioventricular rhythms: revisited.", "content": "Digitalis-induced accelerated idioventricular rhythms: revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037686"}
{"pmid": "1037687", "title": "A study in ventricular fusion.", "content": "A study in ventricular fusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037687"}
{"pmid": "1037699", "title": "More on informed consent.", "content": "More on informed consent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037699"}
{"pmid": "1037701", "title": "Editorial: Beyond the science: III. Prayer of a Hebrew physician.", "content": "Editorial: Beyond the science: III. Prayer of a Hebrew physician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037701"}
{"pmid": "1037700", "title": "Editorial: the hospital administrator.", "content": "Editorial: the hospital administrator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037700"}
{"pmid": "1037690", "title": "Editorial: Defining nursing titles and their meaning.", "content": "Editorial: Defining nursing titles and their meaning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037690"}
{"pmid": "1037702", "title": "The osteopathic management of trigeminal neuralgia.", "content": "The osteopathic management of trigeminal neuralgia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037702"}
{"pmid": "1037694", "title": "The metabolic responses to a heart attack.", "content": "The metabolic responses to a heart attack.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037694"}
{"pmid": "1037689", "title": "Cardiac pacemakers. III. Pacemakers in the management of reciprocating tachycardias.", "content": "Cardiac pacemakers. III. Pacemakers in the management of reciprocating tachycardias.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037689"}
{"pmid": "1037703", "title": "Needle aspiration of renal masses.", "content": "Needle aspiration of renal masses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037703"}
{"pmid": "1037705", "title": "Trauma: a neglected cause of cephalgia.", "content": "Trauma: a neglected cause of cephalgia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037705"}
{"pmid": "1037704", "title": "The serum digoxin level: its significance in clinical practice.", "content": "The serum digoxin level: its significance in clinical practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037704"}
{"pmid": "1037691", "title": "Flexibility in medical writing.", "content": "Flexibility in medical writing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037691"}
{"pmid": "1037692", "title": "The Royal infirmary of Edinburgh Symposium: some aspects of coronary disease.", "content": "The Royal infirmary of Edinburgh Symposium: some aspects of coronary disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037692"}
{"pmid": "1037706", "title": "Acute pediatric abdomen: report of a case of ovarian tumor.", "content": "Acute pediatric abdomen: report of a case of ovarian tumor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037706"}
{"pmid": "1037693", "title": "Events surrounding an acute heart attack. Community aspects of instable angina and the acute heart attack.", "content": "Events surrounding an acute heart attack. Community aspects of instable angina and the acute heart attack.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037693"}
{"pmid": "1037695", "title": "Anticoagulant therapy in myocardial infarction.", "content": "Anticoagulant therapy in myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037695"}
{"pmid": "1037707", "title": "Cryocautery in the treatment of cervical condyloma acuminatum: a case report.", "content": "Cryocautery in the treatment of cervical condyloma acuminatum: a case report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037707"}
{"pmid": "1037708", "title": "Thermography of the back in asymptomatic subjects.", "content": "Thermography of the back in asymptomatic subjects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037708"}
{"pmid": "1037696", "title": "Coronary arteriography and left-heart studies.", "content": "Coronary arteriography and left-heart studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037696"}
{"pmid": "1037709", "title": "Effects of freezing rate on the post-thaw survival of mammalian cells.", "content": "Effects of freezing rate on the post-thaw survival of mammalian cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037709"}
{"pmid": "1037710", "title": "Preliminary study: an evaluation of the effects of osteopathic manipulative therapy on intraocular pressure.", "content": "Preliminary study: an evaluation of the effects of osteopathic manipulative therapy on intraocular pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037710"}
{"pmid": "1037711", "title": "Estimation of methylglyoxal level in normal and neoplastic tissues: II. Presentation of data.", "content": "Estimation of methylglyoxal level in normal and neoplastic tissues: II. Presentation of data.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037711"}
{"pmid": "1037712", "title": "Control of creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme development during myogenesis in vitro.", "content": "Control of creatine phosphokinase isoenzyme development during myogenesis in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037712"}
{"pmid": "1037713", "title": "The invitro effects of lithium chloride on electrolyte balance in L-929 cells.", "content": "The invitro effects of lithium chloride on electrolyte balance in L-929 cells.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037713"}
{"pmid": "1037715", "title": "Alternatives to the strike in collective bargaining.", "content": "Alternatives to the strike in collective bargaining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037715"}
{"pmid": "1037714", "title": "Mechanism of protection of mice against vaccinia virus by bacterial allergy.", "content": "Mechanism of protection of mice against vaccinia virus by bacterial allergy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037714"}
{"pmid": "1037716", "title": "Some practical statistical procedures.", "content": "Some practical statistical procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037716"}
{"pmid": "1037717", "title": "Job interviewing: an effective tool for hiring staff nurses.", "content": "Job interviewing: an effective tool for hiring staff nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037717"}
{"pmid": "1037718", "title": "An intersystem perspective for ambulatory care program management.", "content": "An intersystem perspective for ambulatory care program management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037718"}
{"pmid": "1037719", "title": "Problem solving through \"process management\".", "content": "Problem solving through \"process management\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037719"}
{"pmid": "1037720", "title": "The influence of cultural heritage on the health status of Puerto Ricans.", "content": "The influence of cultural heritage on the health status of Puerto Ricans. The problems of poor health among Puerto Ricans today are compounded by their cultural traditions. Many Puerto Ricans still rely on folk medicine to cure their ills. One study by Suchman found that compared with persons of other ethnic groups in New York City, the Puerto Ricans are more suspicious of scientific medical care, tend to use general health services less, have more limited health horizons than any other ethnic group. Aside from the unsophisticated health practices stemming from a knowledge of Puerto Rican folk medicine, the cultural phenomena of spiritualism plays a significant role in retarding the health status of the Puerto Rican. Puerto Ricans who view illness as possession by evil spirits will consult a medium or curandero(a) for treatment instead a physician. The hot and cold theory of disease has a profound influence on the Puerto Ricans' health status. In the attempt to achieve equilibrium of the four body humors, Puerto Ricans will often disregard a physician's advice which does not conform to this theory. Also, machismo, the concept of male dominance and superiority leads to sexual promiscuity, over-population, venereal disease, family breakdown, early marriage, and a variety of health related problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037720"}
{"pmid": "1037721", "title": "Social class differences in family attitudes: \"are the diminishing among young people?\".", "content": "Social class differences in family attitudes: \"are the diminishing among young people?\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037721"}
{"pmid": "1037722", "title": "Research and the future of health education.", "content": "Research and the future of health education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037722"}
{"pmid": "1037723", "title": "A classroom comparison of behavioral modification techniques.", "content": "A classroom comparison of behavioral modification techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037723"}
{"pmid": "1037724", "title": "Venereal disease education: facts are not enough.", "content": "Venereal disease education: facts are not enough.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037724"}
{"pmid": "1037725", "title": "Letter to the editor: Chiropractic: a challenge for health education.", "content": "Letter to the editor: Chiropractic: a challenge for health education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037725"}
{"pmid": "1037726", "title": "Reducing smoking using positive self-management.", "content": "Reducing smoking using positive self-management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037726"}
{"pmid": "1037727", "title": "She asked: \"Am I going crazy?\".", "content": "She asked: \"Am I going crazy?\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037727"}
{"pmid": "1037728", "title": "Rx for RN retirement.", "content": "Rx for RN retirement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037728"}
{"pmid": "1037729", "title": "Looking out for complications of abdominal surgery.", "content": "Looking out for complications of abdominal surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037729"}
{"pmid": "1037730", "title": "Nurse's notes: that's where the goodies are!", "content": "Nurse's notes: that's where the goodies are!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037730"}
{"pmid": "1037731", "title": "Dangers of accepting stereotypes: a boy taught me about nonacceptance.", "content": "Dangers of accepting stereotypes: a boy taught me about nonacceptance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037731"}
{"pmid": "1037732", "title": "What patients' actions tell you about their feelings, fears and needs.", "content": "What patients' actions tell you about their feelings, fears and needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037732"}
{"pmid": "1037735", "title": "Tax breaks for nurses.", "content": "Tax breaks for nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037735"}
{"pmid": "1037733", "title": "Standing orders for the school nurse.", "content": "Standing orders for the school nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037733"}
{"pmid": "1037734", "title": "Breaking through the blues.", "content": "Breaking through the blues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037734"}
{"pmid": "1037736", "title": "The movement of an unemulsified oil test meal and aqueous- and oil-phase markers through the intestine of normal and bile-diverted rats.", "content": "The movement of an unemulsified oil test meal and aqueous- and oil-phase markers through the intestine of normal and bile-diverted rats. An unemulsified oil test meal containing aqueous- and oil-phase markers (PEG and 3-H labelled triether) was fed to control and bile fustula rats. PEG moved ahead of the lipid phase in all groups, and was of limited value as a marker for the test meal. Triether was an excellent marker for studies of gastric emptying. An unexpectedly high correlation was seen between the triether and the test meal and its digestion products in the intestine. The results suggest that triether is a valid marker for following the movement of lipid through the bowel under the conditions of this study. Triether/fat ratios indicated that fat absorption occurred largely from the upper small bowel in control animals and from the lower small bowel in the absence of bile. Bile diversion resulted in more rapid gastric emptying initially, but very slow gastric emptying of the last part of the oil test meal. Intestinal transit of test meal or either marker was not significantly affected by bile diversion. No evidence for a direct effect of bile diversion on gastrointestinal motility was found.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037736"}
{"pmid": "1037737", "title": "Separation of the placenta in the ewe: an ultrastructural study.", "content": "Separation of the placenta in the ewe: an ultrastructural study. Placental separation in the ewe appears to involve an explosive degeneration of the chorionic epithelium which occurs in the short space of time between parturition and the delivery of the fetal membranes. In the goat there is a similar mechanism of separation. By contrast separation of the placenta in the cow appears to depend upon a detachment at the junctional region between fetal and maternal epithelia. There is no obvious explanation for these findings. The results are discussed in the light of the placental hormonal environment in the period which immediately precedes parturition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037737"}
{"pmid": "1037739", "title": "19 steps to cardiac rehabilitation.", "content": "19 steps to cardiac rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037739"}
{"pmid": "1037740", "title": "The aging face.", "content": "The aging face.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037740"}
{"pmid": "1037738", "title": "Calcium transport by the chick chorioallantois in vivo.", "content": "Calcium transport by the chick chorioallantois in vivo.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037738"}
{"pmid": "1037741", "title": "Rhytidectomy in the male.", "content": "Rhytidectomy in the male.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037741"}
{"pmid": "1037743", "title": "Getting a college degree for what you know.", "content": "Getting a college degree for what you know.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037743"}
{"pmid": "1037742", "title": "Traumatic injuries of the diaphragm.", "content": "Traumatic injuries of the diaphragm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037742"}
{"pmid": "1037744", "title": "Orthopedic nursing. Part 1. Easing the burden of traction and casts.", "content": "Orthopedic nursing. Part 1. Easing the burden of traction and casts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037744"}
{"pmid": "1037747", "title": "Defamation: a rash comment could get you sued.", "content": "Defamation: a rash comment could get you sued.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037747"}
{"pmid": "1037745", "title": "How the nonprofessional views the R.N.", "content": "How the nonprofessional views the R.N.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037745"}
{"pmid": "1037746", "title": "When your patient suffers a seizure.", "content": "When your patient suffers a seizure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037746"}
{"pmid": "1037748", "title": "Electrolyte imbalance: how to recognize and respond to it. Part 1.", "content": "Electrolyte imbalance: how to recognize and respond to it. Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037748"}
{"pmid": "1037750", "title": "Pulmonary TB: not quite a disease of the past.", "content": "Pulmonary TB: not quite a disease of the past.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037750"}
{"pmid": "1037749", "title": "The pregnant patient: treating her without harming the baby.", "content": "The pregnant patient: treating her without harming the baby.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037749"}
{"pmid": "1037752", "title": "Power, freedom and professional practice in nursing.", "content": "Power, freedom and professional practice in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037752"}
{"pmid": "1037753", "title": "Evaluation of nursing care: a primary nursing project. Part 1. Report of the controlled study.", "content": "Evaluation of nursing care: a primary nursing project. Part 1. Report of the controlled study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037753"}
{"pmid": "1037754", "title": "Evaluation of nursing care: a primary nursing project. Part 2. Experiences of non-participant nurse observers.", "content": "Evaluation of nursing care: a primary nursing project. Part 2. Experiences of non-participant nurse observers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037754"}
{"pmid": "1037755", "title": "Supervisor overseas: male midwives in U.K.?", "content": "Supervisor overseas: male midwives in U.K.?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037755"}
{"pmid": "1037751", "title": "Managing your money. Nostalgia transforms junk into treasures.", "content": "Managing your money. Nostalgia transforms junk into treasures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037751"}
{"pmid": "1037756", "title": "Editorial: The love--hate syndrome.", "content": "Editorial: The love--hate syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037756"}
{"pmid": "1037757", "title": "Law for the nurse supervisor; informed consent.", "content": "Law for the nurse supervisor; informed consent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037757"}
{"pmid": "1037758", "title": "An efficient method for producing slide reproductions of radiographs.", "content": "An efficient method for producing slide reproductions of radiographs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037758"}
{"pmid": "1037759", "title": "Some things we wanted to know about you and weren't afraid to ask.", "content": "Some things we wanted to know about you and weren't afraid to ask.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037759"}
{"pmid": "1037760", "title": "Cutaneous horn in a laboratory rat.", "content": "Cutaneous horn in a laboratory rat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037760"}
{"pmid": "1037763", "title": "Tyzzer's disease in an adult cat.", "content": "Tyzzer's disease in an adult cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037763"}
{"pmid": "1037761", "title": "Unilateral patagiectomy: a technique for deflighting large birds.", "content": "Unilateral patagiectomy: a technique for deflighting large birds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037761"}
{"pmid": "1037762", "title": "A case of systemic lupus erythematosus in a dog.", "content": "A case of systemic lupus erythematosus in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037762"}
{"pmid": "1037764", "title": "Malignant lymphoma, a disease entity.", "content": "Malignant lymphoma, a disease entity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037764"}
{"pmid": "1037765", "title": "Use of glyceryl guaiacolate ether in treating strychnine poisoning in the dog.", "content": "Use of glyceryl guaiacolate ether in treating strychnine poisoning in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037765"}
{"pmid": "1037766", "title": "Experimental design of clinical trials testing the efficacy of 90% DMSO solution in injuries to the musculoskeletal system in the dog.", "content": "Experimental design of clinical trials testing the efficacy of 90% DMSO solution in injuries to the musculoskeletal system in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037766"}
{"pmid": "1037767", "title": "Typical colobomas in Charolais cattle.", "content": "Typical colobomas in Charolais cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037767"}
{"pmid": "1037768", "title": "Anthelimintic efficacy of dichlorvos against Hyostrongylus rubidus and Oesophagostomum dentatum in swine at timed intervals after exposure to infective larvae.", "content": "Anthelimintic efficacy of dichlorvos against Hyostrongylus rubidus and Oesophagostomum dentatum in swine at timed intervals after exposure to infective larvae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037768"}
{"pmid": "1037769", "title": "Prevention of sudden death caused by Clostridium sordellii in feedlot cattle.", "content": "Prevention of sudden death caused by Clostridium sordellii in feedlot cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037769"}
{"pmid": "1037770", "title": "Mycotic rumenitis in cattle.", "content": "Mycotic rumenitis in cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037770"}
{"pmid": "1037771", "title": "Perforated ulcer in the small intestine of a mare.", "content": "Perforated ulcer in the small intestine of a mare.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037771"}
{"pmid": "1037772", "title": "Cryosurgery for removal of equine sarcoids.", "content": "Cryosurgery for removal of equine sarcoids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037772"}
{"pmid": "1037773", "title": "Use of the hoof tester in diagnosing lameness in horses.", "content": "Use of the hoof tester in diagnosing lameness in horses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037773"}
{"pmid": "1037774", "title": "How to evaluate your investments.", "content": "How to evaluate your investments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037774"}
{"pmid": "1037775", "title": "Problems in providing goods and/or services to minors.", "content": "Problems in providing goods and/or services to minors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037775"}
{"pmid": "1037776", "title": "Programmed instruction. Patient assessment: examination of the eye, part 2.", "content": "Programmed instruction. Patient assessment: examination of the eye, part 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037776"}
{"pmid": "1037777", "title": "Watching your finances: what is your net worth?", "content": "Watching your finances: what is your net worth?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037777"}
{"pmid": "1037778", "title": "Changing to an automated information system.", "content": "Changing to an automated information system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037778"}
{"pmid": "1037779", "title": "The intra-aortic balloon pump.", "content": "The intra-aortic balloon pump.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037779"}
{"pmid": "1037780", "title": "Preparing a patient for EEG.", "content": "Preparing a patient for EEG.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037780"}
{"pmid": "1037781", "title": "Relieving gas pains.", "content": "Relieving gas pains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037781"}
{"pmid": "1037782", "title": "Birthright--alternative to abortion.", "content": "Birthright--alternative to abortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037782"}
{"pmid": "1037783", "title": "Multiple myeloma.", "content": "Multiple myeloma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037783"}
{"pmid": "1037784", "title": "Nurses' rights.", "content": "Nurses' rights.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037784"}
{"pmid": "1037785", "title": "Group therapy for preadolescent boys.", "content": "Group therapy for preadolescent boys.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037785"}
{"pmid": "1037786", "title": "Editorial: The vigil.", "content": "Editorial: The vigil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037786"}
{"pmid": "1037787", "title": "Thoughts from an artificial nurse.", "content": "Thoughts from an artificial nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037787"}
{"pmid": "1037788", "title": "Sexual function in traumatic paraplegia and quadriplegia.", "content": "Sexual function in traumatic paraplegia and quadriplegia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037788"}
{"pmid": "1037790", "title": "Suicide.", "content": "Suicide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037790"}
{"pmid": "1037789", "title": "Adding retrospective audit.", "content": "Adding retrospective audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037789"}
{"pmid": "1037791", "title": "Suicide in relation to time of day and day of week.", "content": "Suicide in relation to time of day and day of week.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037791"}
{"pmid": "1037792", "title": "PEG and angiography: a patient's sensations.", "content": "PEG and angiography: a patient's sensations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037792"}
{"pmid": "1037793", "title": "Primary care by a nurse practitioner in a rural clinic.", "content": "Primary care by a nurse practitioner in a rural clinic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037793"}
{"pmid": "1037794", "title": "Cathartics.", "content": "Cathartics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037794"}
{"pmid": "1037795", "title": "Widowhood.", "content": "Widowhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037795"}
{"pmid": "1037796", "title": "Innovative continuing education in small hospitals.", "content": "Innovative continuing education in small hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037796"}
{"pmid": "1037797", "title": "Taft-Hartley amended: implications for nursing. The industrial model.", "content": "Taft-Hartley amended: implications for nursing. The industrial model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037797"}
{"pmid": "1037798", "title": "Taft-Hartley amended: implications for nursing. The professional model.", "content": "Taft-Hartley amended: implications for nursing. The professional model.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037798"}
{"pmid": "1037799", "title": "Taft-Hartley amended: implications for nursing. Conflict and conflict resolution.", "content": "Taft-Hartley amended: implications for nursing. Conflict and conflict resolution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037799"}
{"pmid": "1037800", "title": "Watching your finances: why consider the government market?", "content": "Watching your finances: why consider the government market?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037800"}
{"pmid": "1037801", "title": "Packaging materials for EO gas sterilization.", "content": "Packaging materials for EO gas sterilization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037801"}
{"pmid": "1037802", "title": "Some answers to common queries about CE issues.", "content": "Some answers to common queries about CE issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037802"}
{"pmid": "1037804", "title": "Are current skin preparations valid?", "content": "Are current skin preparations valid?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037804"}
{"pmid": "1037803", "title": "Do patients need OR staff nurses?", "content": "Do patients need OR staff nurses?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037803"}
{"pmid": "1037805", "title": "Restoration of hand function.", "content": "Restoration of hand function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037805"}
{"pmid": "1037806", "title": "Reconstructive hand surgery.", "content": "Reconstructive hand surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037806"}
{"pmid": "1037807", "title": "Blepharoplasty for baggy eyelids.", "content": "Blepharoplasty for baggy eyelids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037807"}
{"pmid": "1037834", "title": "Planning your estate.", "content": "Planning your estate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037834"}
{"pmid": "1037835", "title": "Nonsurgical removal of intracardiac polyethylene catheter emboli.", "content": "Nonsurgical removal of intracardiac polyethylene catheter emboli.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037835"}
{"pmid": "1037836", "title": "Coronary arterial anomalies.", "content": "Coronary arterial anomalies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037836"}
{"pmid": "1037837", "title": "Primary hemangiosarcoma of the spleen with sarcomatosis.", "content": "Primary hemangiosarcoma of the spleen with sarcomatosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037837"}
{"pmid": "1037838", "title": "An electrodiagnostic survey of patients with diabetes mellitus utilizing determinations of motor nerve conduction velocity.", "content": "An electrodiagnostic survey of patients with diabetes mellitus utilizing determinations of motor nerve conduction velocity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037838"}
{"pmid": "1037839", "title": "Hypertension in pregnancy: normal and abnormal renal function.", "content": "Hypertension in pregnancy: normal and abnormal renal function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037839"}
{"pmid": "1037840", "title": "Training of medical students in computerized statistical analysis of cardiovascular-respiratory data after exercise. III. Summary of statistical significance.", "content": "Training of medical students in computerized statistical analysis of cardiovascular-respiratory data after exercise. III. Summary of statistical significance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037840"}
{"pmid": "1037832", "title": "Psychiatric problems and services in Kenya.", "content": "Psychiatric problems and services in Kenya.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037832"}
{"pmid": "1037831", "title": "A glimpse of the nursing profession in Morocco.", "content": "A glimpse of the nursing profession in Morocco.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037831"}
{"pmid": "1037841", "title": "Aortic nascent histamine in neurogenic and aortic coarctation induced hypertension: effect on arterial permeability.", "content": "Aortic nascent histamine in neurogenic and aortic coarctation induced hypertension: effect on arterial permeability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037841"}
{"pmid": "1037842", "title": "A ladder for clinical advancement in nursing practice: implementation.", "content": "A ladder for clinical advancement in nursing practice: implementation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037842"}
{"pmid": "1037830", "title": "A Canadian educational programme in family practice nursing.", "content": "A Canadian educational programme in family practice nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037830"}
{"pmid": "1037843", "title": "Effecting change.", "content": "Effecting change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037843"}
{"pmid": "1037833", "title": "Automation of the health care system: implications for nursing. Part 1. Dangers to nursing practice in the automation of the health care system.", "content": "Automation of the health care system: implications for nursing. Part 1. Dangers to nursing practice in the automation of the health care system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037833"}
{"pmid": "1037844", "title": "Management by objectives: antidote to future shock.", "content": "Management by objectives: antidote to future shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037844"}
{"pmid": "1037845", "title": "The pleasures and problems of the director of nursing in a small hospital.", "content": "The pleasures and problems of the director of nursing in a small hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037845"}
{"pmid": "1037846", "title": "Nurses' right to strike.", "content": "Nurses' right to strike.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037846"}
{"pmid": "1037847", "title": "Letters: PERT: a tool for nurse administrators.", "content": "Letters: PERT: a tool for nurse administrators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037847"}
{"pmid": "1037848", "title": "Interpersonal feedback: a cost-benefit analysis.", "content": "Interpersonal feedback: a cost-benefit analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037848"}
{"pmid": "1037849", "title": "Letter: Leadership development at the clinical unit level.", "content": "Letter: Leadership development at the clinical unit level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037849"}
{"pmid": "1037850", "title": "Letter: The R.N. problem: returning to active practice.", "content": "Letter: The R.N. problem: returning to active practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037850"}
{"pmid": "1037919", "title": "VD, the equal opportunity disease. Part I. This is VD too? Moniliasis, trichomoniasis vaginalis, herpes simplex, condylomata accuminata.", "content": "VD, the equal opportunity disease. Part I. This is VD too? Moniliasis, trichomoniasis vaginalis, herpes simplex, condylomata accuminata.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037919"}
{"pmid": "1037918", "title": "Cloning of the nurse educator: is she more involved in clinical care?", "content": "Cloning of the nurse educator: is she more involved in clinical care?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037918"}
{"pmid": "1037921", "title": "Dual-purpose tool for assessing maternal needs and nursing care.", "content": "Dual-purpose tool for assessing maternal needs and nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037921"}
{"pmid": "1037920", "title": "VD, the equal opportunity disease. Part II. The \"social diseases\". Gonorrhea and syphilis.", "content": "VD, the equal opportunity disease. Part II. The \"social diseases\". Gonorrhea and syphilis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037920"}
{"pmid": "1037922", "title": "Iron-deficiency anemia: how long must it be with us?", "content": "Iron-deficiency anemia: how long must it be with us?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037922"}
{"pmid": "1037924", "title": "Whatever happened to prepared childbirth?", "content": "Whatever happened to prepared childbirth?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037924"}
{"pmid": "1037925", "title": "A practitioner's guide to utilization of research findings.", "content": "A practitioner's guide to utilization of research findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037925"}
{"pmid": "1037923", "title": "For high-risk infants and their parents: postnatal discussion groups and well-baby clinics operate in storefront.", "content": "For high-risk infants and their parents: postnatal discussion groups and well-baby clinics operate in storefront.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037923"}
{"pmid": "1037938", "title": "Institutional licensure.", "content": "Institutional licensure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037938"}
{"pmid": "1037939", "title": "Continuing education for R.N.s. The means to separate the professional from the parasite.", "content": "Continuing education for R.N.s. The means to separate the professional from the parasite.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037939"}
{"pmid": "1037940", "title": "Nursing: eight years to oblivion?", "content": "Nursing: eight years to oblivion?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037940"}
{"pmid": "1037941", "title": "Report of a visit to Russia.", "content": "Report of a visit to Russia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037941"}
{"pmid": "1037942", "title": "Nursing education programs.", "content": "Nursing education programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037942"}
{"pmid": "1037943", "title": "Continuing education and its ramifications.", "content": "Continuing education and its ramifications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037943"}
{"pmid": "1037944", "title": "A sex information program for sexually active teenagers.", "content": "A sex information program for sexually active teenagers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037944"}
{"pmid": "1037945", "title": "Increasing in-school emphasis on nutrition.", "content": "Increasing in-school emphasis on nutrition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037945"}
{"pmid": "1037946", "title": "Restyling the grade in health education.", "content": "Restyling the grade in health education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037946"}
{"pmid": "1037947", "title": "The mental health of students--do teachers hurt or help?", "content": "The mental health of students--do teachers hurt or help? Students' problems of adjustment are serious, and merit attention. Teachers who are so inclined could help prevent many emotional problems by applying some methods and attitudes of psychotherapists. It is appropriate for them to avoid such tactics, as threat, shame, and sympathy, and adopt such skills and attitudes as acceptance, empathy, genuineness, and relevancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037947"}
{"pmid": "1037948", "title": "Differences in mean adolescent blood pressure by age, sex ethnic origin, obesity and familial tendency.", "content": "Differences in mean adolescent blood pressure by age, sex ethnic origin, obesity and familial tendency. The researcher used the analysis of variance and the uncorrelated t-test to determine the significant differences between age, sex, obesity, race, and familial tendency in systolic and diastolic blood pressures for 496 randomly chosen adolescent subjects. Significance was found in the differences between the systolic blood pressure by sex, obesity and race. Mean values were presented for the systolic and diastolic blood pressure by sex, age, and ethnic origin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037948"}
{"pmid": "1037949", "title": "Breakfast and today's lifestyles.", "content": "Breakfast and today's lifestyles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037949"}
{"pmid": "1037950", "title": "Sex education programs and the mentally retarded.", "content": "Sex education programs and the mentally retarded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037950"}
{"pmid": "1037952", "title": "Development of an investigatory instrument to measure attitudes toward death.", "content": "Development of an investigatory instrument to measure attitudes toward death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037952"}
{"pmid": "1037951", "title": "Behavior modification and values clarification and their research implications.", "content": "Behavior modification and values clarification and their research implications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037951"}
{"pmid": "1037953", "title": "The treatment of an abused family.", "content": "The treatment of an abused family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037953"}
{"pmid": "1037954", "title": "Use of humor by an immobilized adolescent girl during hospitalization.", "content": "Use of humor by an immobilized adolescent girl during hospitalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037954"}
{"pmid": "1037955", "title": "The impact of a boy's head injury on his parents.", "content": "The impact of a boy's head injury on his parents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037955"}
{"pmid": "1037956", "title": "A mother's grief work following the death of her deformed child.", "content": "A mother's grief work following the death of her deformed child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037956"}
{"pmid": "1037957", "title": "Rumination in a failure-to-thrive infant.", "content": "Rumination in a failure-to-thrive infant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037957"}
{"pmid": "1037958", "title": "Toward self-fulfillment of the graduate nurse.", "content": "Toward self-fulfillment of the graduate nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037958"}
{"pmid": "1037959", "title": "Grappling with reality.", "content": "Grappling with reality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037959"}
{"pmid": "1037963", "title": "Communication disorders in children: a guide for detection and referral.", "content": "Communication disorders in children: a guide for detection and referral.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037963"}
{"pmid": "1037964", "title": "The dying patient: meeting his needs could be easier than you think.", "content": "The dying patient: meeting his needs could be easier than you think.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037964"}
{"pmid": "1037965", "title": "Conquering those obstinate decubiti. Foam leg supports.", "content": "Conquering those obstinate decubiti. Foam leg supports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037965"}
{"pmid": "1037966", "title": "Conquering those obstinate decubiti. The screen box.", "content": "Conquering those obstinate decubiti. The screen box.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037966"}
{"pmid": "1037967", "title": "Larry thought puppet-play \"childish.\" But it helped him face his fears.", "content": "Larry thought puppet-play \"childish.\" But it helped him face his fears.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037967"}
{"pmid": "1037968", "title": "Epidural hematoma; nurses lead a winning team effort. Nursing grand rounds.", "content": "Epidural hematoma; nurses lead a winning team effort. Nursing grand rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037968"}
{"pmid": "1037969", "title": "Emergency! Part 2: First aid for open wounds, severe bleeding, shock, and closed wounds.", "content": "Emergency! Part 2: First aid for open wounds, severe bleeding, shock, and closed wounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037969"}
{"pmid": "1037970", "title": "Hodgkin's disease... the curable cancer. Part 1. Diagnosis and treatment.", "content": "Hodgkin's disease... the curable cancer. Part 1. Diagnosis and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037970"}
{"pmid": "1037971", "title": "Hodgkin's disease: hope is the key to nursing care. Part 2. Nursing needs.", "content": "Hodgkin's disease: hope is the key to nursing care. Part 2. Nursing needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037971"}
{"pmid": "1037972", "title": "Helping the survivors of expected death.", "content": "Helping the survivors of expected death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037972"}
{"pmid": "1037973", "title": "JCAH standards for nursing audits.", "content": "JCAH standards for nursing audits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037973"}
{"pmid": "1037974", "title": "Laws of consent.", "content": "Laws of consent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037974"}
{"pmid": "1037975", "title": "Exercise; how to use it to decrease complications in immobilized patients.", "content": "Exercise; how to use it to decrease complications in immobilized patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037975"}
{"pmid": "1037978", "title": "Listening.", "content": "Listening.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037978"}
{"pmid": "1037976", "title": "Motivating a staff plagued by failures.", "content": "Motivating a staff plagued by failures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037976"}
{"pmid": "1037977", "title": "Turning a staff into a team.", "content": "Turning a staff into a team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037977"}
{"pmid": "1037979", "title": "Pulmonary embolism.", "content": "Pulmonary embolism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037979"}
{"pmid": "1037980", "title": "[A new threat in an old enemy].", "content": "[A new threat in an old enemy].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037980"}
{"pmid": "1037981", "title": "The current status of electrically stimulated bone growth.", "content": "The current status of electrically stimulated bone growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037981"}
{"pmid": "1037982", "title": "Perivascular ulcerations.", "content": "Perivascular ulcerations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037982"}
{"pmid": "1037983", "title": "Fat embolism syndrome.", "content": "Fat embolism syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037983"}
{"pmid": "1037984", "title": "Who cares?", "content": "Who cares?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037984"}
{"pmid": "1037985", "title": "A simple understanding of a laminar flow clean room.", "content": "A simple understanding of a laminar flow clean room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037985"}
{"pmid": "1037994", "title": "Experiential learning: application to teaching rehabilitation nursing.", "content": "Experiential learning: application to teaching rehabilitation nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037994"}
{"pmid": "1037995", "title": "Health teaching: an approach for the diploma student.", "content": "Health teaching: an approach for the diploma student.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037995"}
{"pmid": "1037996", "title": "Strategies for effective teaching.", "content": "Strategies for effective teaching.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037996"}
{"pmid": "1037997", "title": "Helping students learn maternal-child health nursing.", "content": "Helping students learn maternal-child health nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037997"}
{"pmid": "1037998", "title": "Psychiatric nursing--relevancy to total nursing care.", "content": "Psychiatric nursing--relevancy to total nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037998"}
{"pmid": "1037999", "title": "Teaching psychiatric nursing.", "content": "Teaching psychiatric nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1037999"}
{"pmid": "1038000", "title": "Integration of psychiatric nursing into the total program.", "content": "Integration of psychiatric nursing into the total program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038000"}
{"pmid": "1038001", "title": "Oral examinations--a new perspective on nursing evaluations.", "content": "Oral examinations--a new perspective on nursing evaluations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038001"}
{"pmid": "1038002", "title": "The instructor--a facilitator of learning.", "content": "The instructor--a facilitator of learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038002"}
{"pmid": "1038003", "title": "Independent study project for seniors.", "content": "Independent study project for seniors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038003"}
{"pmid": "1038004", "title": "Assisting students with educational deficiencies.", "content": "Assisting students with educational deficiencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038004"}
{"pmid": "1038005", "title": "Nursing behaviors responsive to organic problems of the patient. No. 16-1538.", "content": "Nursing behaviors responsive to organic problems of the patient. No. 16-1538.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038005"}
{"pmid": "1038006", "title": "Restlessness: a nursing phenomenon in search of meaning.", "content": "Restlessness: a nursing phenomenon in search of meaning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038006"}
{"pmid": "1038007", "title": "An articulated nursing program: five years later.", "content": "An articulated nursing program: five years later.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038007"}
{"pmid": "1038008", "title": "Student - family contracts.", "content": "Student - family contracts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038008"}
{"pmid": "1038009", "title": "Where do you start?", "content": "Where do you start?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038009"}
{"pmid": "1038010", "title": "Editorial: The stuff of which nursing is made.", "content": "Editorial: The stuff of which nursing is made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038010"}
{"pmid": "1038011", "title": "A diagnostic classification system for nursing.", "content": "A diagnostic classification system for nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038011"}
{"pmid": "1038012", "title": "Developing a nursing diagnosis.", "content": "Developing a nursing diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038012"}
{"pmid": "1038013", "title": "Clinical practicum before graduation.", "content": "Clinical practicum before graduation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038013"}
{"pmid": "1038025", "title": "Dorthy B.; Dx: ulcerative colitis.", "content": "Dorthy B.; Dx: ulcerative colitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038025"}
{"pmid": "1038014", "title": "Changes in students' knowledge and attitudes following a course in human sexuality: report of a pilot study.", "content": "Changes in students' knowledge and attitudes following a course in human sexuality: report of a pilot study. Eleven female undergraduate nursing students and 12 male undergraduates from a private southern university responded to a 163-item questionnaire, the Human Sexuality Knowledge and Attitude inventory, prior to and immediately following a formal course in human sexuality. The results of a pilot test indicated that improvement in respondents' total knowledge score (TOTSC) was correlated with completion of the course. No correlation existed between liberalization of attitudes toward sexuality and completion of the course. Demographic variables of age, sex, perception of self as \"somewhat\" or \"slightly religious\" and \"somewhat liberal politically\", and residence in small cities in the New England/Middle Atlantic area were significantly correlated with improvement of TOTSC. Demographic variables did not appear to affect liberalization of attitudes. The investigators concluded that the course is an effective model for assisting students to accumulate a knowledge base about sexuality. Although attitudinal change was not an immediate outcome of the course, perhaps this variable will change on a long-term basis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038014"}
{"pmid": "1038026", "title": "Kids are the nicest people.", "content": "Kids are the nicest people.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038026"}
{"pmid": "1038017", "title": "Increasing the quality of nursing care by introducing the concept of primary nursing: a model project.", "content": "Increasing the quality of nursing care by introducing the concept of primary nursing: a model project. To ascertain the extent and degree of skill with which nurses have carried out processes judged to represent good nursing care, two alternate approaches were tested to organize the delivery of nursing care to children: Nurses on an experimental unit were trained to use primary care, that is, assignment of six to eight patients to one nurse who was responsible for the planning, implementation, evaluation, and coordination of the nursing care until the patient's discharge. On a control unit, nurses participated in delivery of group care, so that the care of each patient was assigned to various nurses. Performance of the nursing care was measured by the Slater Nursing Competencies scale, the Quality Patient Care scale, and the Phaneuf Nursing Audit. Mean scores on the three instruments were found to be higher on the experimental unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038017"}
{"pmid": "1038027", "title": "Planning the care of the orthopedic patient.", "content": "Planning the care of the orthopedic patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038027"}
{"pmid": "1038018", "title": "Editorial: The editor's report - 1975.", "content": "Editorial: The editor's report - 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038018"}
{"pmid": "1038016", "title": "Increasing nursing students' interest on working with aged patients.", "content": "Increasing nursing students' interest on working with aged patients. The Tuckman-Lorge Attitude questionnaire, which measures stereotypes and misconceptions about the aged, was administered to 311 baccalaureate nursing students who were also asked to indicate their relative preferences for various fields of specialization within nursing and their preferences for working with child, adult, and elderly patients. The study was designed to examine factors--a two-semester course in human development and aging, visits with a physically \"well\" older person living in the community, attitudes toward the aged, and several biographic factors--associated with increased interest in working with elderly patients. Findings included: Students showed minimal interest in working in nursing homes; they preferred to work with child and adult patients. The more stereotyped their thinking about the aged, the greater their interest in working with ederly patients. Students who previously worked in a nursing home or convalescent hospital showed greater willingness to work with elderly patients. The authors suggest that schools of nursing include gerontology in their curriculums and that nursing students be provided with clinical experience in institutions for the aged to acquaint them with, and to encourage interest in, this increasingly important field of specialization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038016"}
{"pmid": "1038019", "title": "Effect of brief training on mental health knowledge and attitudes of nurses and nurses' aides in a general hospital.", "content": "Effect of brief training on mental health knowledge and attitudes of nurses and nurses' aides in a general hospital. A six-week psychiatric nursing training program for professional nurses (N equals 15) and nurses' aides (N equals 14) in a stage general hospital setting resulted in significant improvement in both training groups on psychiatric nursing knowledge. No statistically significant change in mental health attitudes was found on the Opinions about Mental Illness (OMI) scale in the nurse group but a significant reduction in social restrictiveness was revealed in the nurses' aide group. No significant change in knowledge or attitudes was found in a matched control group of nurses' aides (N equals 14).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038019"}
{"pmid": "1038015", "title": "A role-playing simulation approach toward studying nurses' decisions to listen to patients.", "content": "A role-playing simulation approach toward studying nurses' decisions to listen to patients. To test a methodology that used role-playing responses by nurses to simulated patient disclosures, a three-part investigation was carried out at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. Four simulated patients-with diagnoses of diabetes mellitus, alcoholism with bleeding ulcer, ulcerative colitis, and cancer of the large intestine-tape recorded 20- to 30-second segments on 12 topics pertaining to their illness. Six topics dealt with the patients' physical problems; six with psychological aspects of the problems. In the tests for nurses' willingness both to listen and to pass along information to the next nurse, the 48 tape-recorded segments of patient information were played for 16 volunteer nurses in a laboratory set up for the purpose. Although the nurses had an option of listening or preparing a medication, they were expected to listen to at least 16 of the 48 segments. Following this, they were asked to tape record a report on the patient for the nurse who would follow them. The nurses, on average, listened to 29 of the 48 segments. The diabetic patient was listened to least; the cancer and the colitis patients each received a similar amounts of attention. The nurses gave substantial amounts of information as well as interpretive data about the patients so that the methodology seemed to prove that nurses could become sufficiently involved in a simulated patient setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038015"}
{"pmid": "1038028", "title": "Read before you pour one more medication.", "content": "Read before you pour one more medication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038028"}
{"pmid": "1038029", "title": "Insomnia.", "content": "Insomnia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038029"}
{"pmid": "1038030", "title": "Cancer detection: a responsibility for every nurse.", "content": "Cancer detection: a responsibility for every nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038030"}
{"pmid": "1038031", "title": "Collective bargaining.", "content": "Collective bargaining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038031"}
{"pmid": "1038032", "title": "Sometimes the trouble is so obvious it goes undetected! Dx: poor diet.", "content": "Sometimes the trouble is so obvious it goes undetected! Dx: poor diet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038032"}
{"pmid": "1038020", "title": "Associate degree nursing students: nonintellective differences between dropouts and graduates.", "content": "Associate degree nursing students: nonintellective differences between dropouts and graduates. A comprehensive battery of tests designed primarily to measure nonintellective characteristics was administered to 112 students entering five associate degree nursing programs. At the end of two years, analyses of the entrance data revealed significant differences between the 73 graduates (those who completed the program on schedule) and the 32 nongraduates (those who dropped our of the program for various reasons). Seven students who remained in the programs but who had not completed the requirements were not included in the analyses. The data indicated that at the time of entry into their programs, those students who later completed the program on schedule were more mature--older and married, more achievement oriented, responsible, and self-controlled than dropouts. Successful students also manifested more accepting and nonjudgmental attitudes toward other people.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038020"}
{"pmid": "1038034", "title": "Is patient care too impersonal? You can bring back the human quality by touching.", "content": "Is patient care too impersonal? You can bring back the human quality by touching.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038034"}
{"pmid": "1038022", "title": "Team teaching: advantages and disadvantages to the student.", "content": "Team teaching: advantages and disadvantages to the student. To test an instrument for its ability to identify advantages and disadvantages of team teaching in baccalaureate nursing education, a questionnaire was given to 97 undergraduate nursing students from two colleges who had experienced similar team teaching experiences. Distinct advantages and disadvantages of team teaching were identified.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038022"}
{"pmid": "1038033", "title": "How weather affects our health.", "content": "How weather affects our health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038033"}
{"pmid": "1038023", "title": "Why associate degree nursing students persist.", "content": "Why associate degree nursing students persist. A study of 120 associate degree nursing (ADN) students at Illinois Central College during 1972-1973 tested the hypothesis that there will be no statistically significant difference in certain measured personality factors of the persister compared with the dropout. The Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) was used to measure personality characteristics. The null hypothesis was rejected for four of the 15 variables measured by the EPPS. Significantly greater needs were achievement, deference, and heterosexuality for the persisters and abasement for the dropouts. Differences in needs may have resulted from two specific focuses of the ADN program: on the problem-solving process based on assessment of individual patient's needs and on team nursing which includes both the aspects of assuming responsibility for authority and accepting leadership. Through their greater need for abasement, the dropouts expressed a need for feelings of inferiority, guilt, blame, and inadequacy. Based on the academic prerequisites for admission to the ADN program, the dropouts should have succeeded. Therefore, it appeared the dropouts had a need to fail or withdraw from the program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038023"}
{"pmid": "1038035", "title": "The hysterectomy patient.", "content": "The hysterectomy patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038035"}
{"pmid": "1038021", "title": "Development of an instrument to measure patient satisfaction with nurses and nursing care in primary care settings.", "content": "Development of an instrument to measure patient satisfaction with nurses and nursing care in primary care settings. An instrument that evaluated patient attitudes toward nurses and nursing care in a primary care setting is described. The tool consists of 25 items, subdivided into three subscales--1) technical-professional area, 2) interpersonal educational relationship, and 3) interpersonal trusting relationship--to which respondents indicate agreement to disagreement in five Likert-type steps. Items, developed from interviews with patients, literature review, and other similar scales, were submitted to two sequential trials and to application of criteria such as variability, representativeness of content definition, ability to discriminate between respondents, and internal consistency. Respondents for the two sequential trials were 78 and 60 patients of internists or general practitioners at a group health cooperative. Scott's homogeneity ratios and reliability coefficients as measured by Cronbach's alpha were obtained for the subscale and the total scale, and subscale intercorrelation coefficients were determined, but further testing of the scale for validity is needed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038021"}
{"pmid": "1038036", "title": "Editorial: Collision course.", "content": "Editorial: Collision course.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038036"}
{"pmid": "1038037", "title": "Recent advances in radiotherapy.", "content": "Recent advances in radiotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038037"}
{"pmid": "1038038", "title": "The new Queen Mary's Hospital Sidcup, Kent.", "content": "The new Queen Mary's Hospital Sidcup, Kent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038038"}
{"pmid": "1038024", "title": "Comparison of student achievement with performance ratings of graduates and state board examination scores.", "content": "Comparison of student achievement with performance ratings of graduates and state board examination scores. For a study concerned with investigating relationships between the on-the-job performance of 1971 graduates of a diploma school of nursing, their achievements as students in the school, and their state board scores, the school's curriculum objectives were used in developing an instrument for measuring graduates' competence. Findings indicated how well the learning experiences provided by the school prepared the students for first-level positions in nursing. The three-year cumulative grade point averages and nursing theory and grades were best predictors of success on state board examinations, and nursing practice grades were best predicators of performance as registered nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038024"}
{"pmid": "1038039", "title": "Reaction to the loss of a limb.", "content": "Reaction to the loss of a limb.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038039"}
{"pmid": "1038040", "title": "Practice nurses get together.", "content": "Practice nurses get together.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038040"}
{"pmid": "1038041", "title": "Tablets we don't take.", "content": "Tablets we don't take.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038041"}
{"pmid": "1038042", "title": "Things are not always what they seem.", "content": "Things are not always what they seem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038042"}
{"pmid": "1038044", "title": "Private patients are still patients.", "content": "Private patients are still patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038044"}
{"pmid": "1038043", "title": "Nursing care study: rhabdomyosarcoma in a girl of 11.", "content": "Nursing care study: rhabdomyosarcoma in a girl of 11.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038043"}
{"pmid": "1038045", "title": "Editorial: The ICN--luxury or necessity?", "content": "Editorial: The ICN--luxury or necessity?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038045"}
{"pmid": "1038046", "title": "Manners makyth man.", "content": "Manners makyth man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038046"}
{"pmid": "1038047", "title": "Rehabilitation engineering.", "content": "Rehabilitation engineering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038047"}
{"pmid": "1038048", "title": "Editorial: Just deserts for paramedicals.", "content": "Editorial: Just deserts for paramedicals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038048"}
{"pmid": "1038049", "title": "Lip-service only.", "content": "Lip-service only.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038049"}
{"pmid": "1038050", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 1. The framework.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 1. The framework.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038050"}
{"pmid": "1038051", "title": "Pre-med panic.", "content": "Pre-med panic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038051"}
{"pmid": "1038052", "title": "Termination of pregnancy--the nurse's attitude.", "content": "Termination of pregnancy--the nurse's attitude.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038052"}
{"pmid": "1038053", "title": "The care and management of the newborn cleft palate infant.", "content": "The care and management of the newborn cleft palate infant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038053"}
{"pmid": "1038054", "title": "Examinations: the concept of objective testing.", "content": "Examinations: the concept of objective testing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038054"}
{"pmid": "1038055", "title": "The silver lining.", "content": "The silver lining.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038055"}
{"pmid": "1038056", "title": "Wasting NHS funds.", "content": "Wasting NHS funds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038056"}
{"pmid": "1038057", "title": "The NHS \"ombudsman\".", "content": "The NHS \"ombudsman\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038057"}
{"pmid": "1038058", "title": "Lifting patients. 1.", "content": "Lifting patients. 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038058"}
{"pmid": "1038059", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 2. Talking the language.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 2. Talking the language.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038059"}
{"pmid": "1038060", "title": "Only connect.", "content": "Only connect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038060"}
{"pmid": "1038061", "title": "A beauty salon in a psychiatric hospital.", "content": "A beauty salon in a psychiatric hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038061"}
{"pmid": "1038062", "title": "Nurses in Italy.", "content": "Nurses in Italy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038062"}
{"pmid": "1038063", "title": "Patient reporting.", "content": "Patient reporting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038063"}
{"pmid": "1038064", "title": "Maintenance and repair.", "content": "Maintenance and repair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038064"}
{"pmid": "1038065", "title": "Multidisciplinary management - a psychiatric nurse's view.", "content": "Multidisciplinary management - a psychiatric nurse's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038065"}
{"pmid": "1038066", "title": "\"Yes, but you're a man\".", "content": "\"Yes, but you're a man\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038066"}
{"pmid": "1038067", "title": "Twelve years for patients.", "content": "Twelve years for patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038067"}
{"pmid": "1038068", "title": "Editorial: Nursing in the EEC--broadening horizons.", "content": "Editorial: Nursing in the EEC--broadening horizons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038068"}
{"pmid": "1038069", "title": "Dysbarism--a relatively new medical emergency.", "content": "Dysbarism--a relatively new medical emergency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038069"}
{"pmid": "1038070", "title": "\"That wummin\".", "content": "\"That wummin\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038070"}
{"pmid": "1038071", "title": "Menstrual disorders.", "content": "Menstrual disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038071"}
{"pmid": "1038072", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 3. Awkward relations.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 3. Awkward relations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038072"}
{"pmid": "1038073", "title": "Rehabilitation in psychiatric hospitals. A review of industrial therapy.", "content": "Rehabilitation in psychiatric hospitals. A review of industrial therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038073"}
{"pmid": "1038074", "title": "Lifting patients. 2. The shoulder (Australian) lift.", "content": "Lifting patients. 2. The shoulder (Australian) lift.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038074"}
{"pmid": "1038076", "title": "\"You don't understand, nurse\".", "content": "\"You don't understand, nurse\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038076"}
{"pmid": "1038075", "title": "The clinical nurse specialist.", "content": "The clinical nurse specialist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038075"}
{"pmid": "1038077", "title": "\"'Tis not enough to help the feeble up...\".", "content": "\"'Tis not enough to help the feeble up...\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038077"}
{"pmid": "1038078", "title": "Listening can be learning and sharing can be studying.", "content": "Listening can be learning and sharing can be studying.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038078"}
{"pmid": "1038079", "title": "The computer-an aid to intensive therapy nursing.", "content": "The computer-an aid to intensive therapy nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038079"}
{"pmid": "1038080", "title": "In touch.", "content": "In touch.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038080"}
{"pmid": "1038081", "title": "Editorial: Moment of death--brain or heart?", "content": "Editorial: Moment of death--brain or heart?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038081"}
{"pmid": "1038082", "title": "In-service training of nursing auxiliaries.", "content": "In-service training of nursing auxiliaries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038082"}
{"pmid": "1038083", "title": "A symposium on the surgery of deafness. Stapedectomy.", "content": "A symposium on the surgery of deafness. Stapedectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038083"}
{"pmid": "1038084", "title": "Tympanoplasty.", "content": "Tympanoplasty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038084"}
{"pmid": "1038085", "title": "Cryosurgery.", "content": "Cryosurgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038085"}
{"pmid": "1038086", "title": "Post office aids for the disabled.", "content": "Post office aids for the disabled.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038086"}
{"pmid": "1038087", "title": "Another one gone! Were you on duty?", "content": "Another one gone! Were you on duty?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038087"}
{"pmid": "1038088", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 4. A say for the staff.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 4. A say for the staff.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038088"}
{"pmid": "1038089", "title": "Total patient care assessments of students and pupil nurses during the community care option.", "content": "Total patient care assessments of students and pupil nurses during the community care option.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038089"}
{"pmid": "1038090", "title": "Nursing--present and future trends.", "content": "Nursing--present and future trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038090"}
{"pmid": "1038091", "title": "Lifting patients. 3. The through-arm lift.", "content": "Lifting patients. 3. The through-arm lift.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038091"}
{"pmid": "1038092", "title": "Nursing and counselling-a conflict of roles?", "content": "Nursing and counselling-a conflict of roles?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038092"}
{"pmid": "1038093", "title": "Euthanasia--a patient's point of view.", "content": "Euthanasia--a patient's point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038093"}
{"pmid": "1038094", "title": "Perinatal deaths and the law.", "content": "Perinatal deaths and the law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038094"}
{"pmid": "1038095", "title": "Emergency rescue: CCU nurses at the scene via radio.", "content": "Emergency rescue: CCU nurses at the scene via radio.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038095"}
{"pmid": "1038096", "title": "Can you spot a \"groupy\"?", "content": "Can you spot a \"groupy\"?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038096"}
{"pmid": "1038097", "title": "How to handle that OR clique.", "content": "How to handle that OR clique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038097"}
{"pmid": "1038098", "title": "When your patient's problem involves sex.", "content": "When your patient's problem involves sex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038098"}
{"pmid": "1038099", "title": "Sexual therapy and nursing--do they mix?", "content": "Sexual therapy and nursing--do they mix?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038099"}
{"pmid": "1038100", "title": "Orthopedic nursing. Part 2. Preventing orthopedic complications.", "content": "Orthopedic nursing. Part 2. Preventing orthopedic complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038100"}
{"pmid": "1038101", "title": "Quality patient care in a couple of minutes? Yes!", "content": "Quality patient care in a couple of minutes? Yes!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038101"}
{"pmid": "1038102", "title": "Brain tumors: diagnosis and treatment.", "content": "Brain tumors: diagnosis and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038102"}
{"pmid": "1038103", "title": "Leprosy; an ancient scourge--a continuing problem.", "content": "Leprosy; an ancient scourge--a continuing problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038103"}
{"pmid": "1038104", "title": "Electrolyte imbalance: how to recognize and respond to it. Part 2.", "content": "Electrolyte imbalance: how to recognize and respond to it. Part 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038104"}
{"pmid": "1038106", "title": "Getting more for your dollars in today's economy.", "content": "Getting more for your dollars in today's economy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038106"}
{"pmid": "1038105", "title": "Radiopharmaceuticals: nuclear - age drugs for diagnosis and treatment.", "content": "Radiopharmaceuticals: nuclear - age drugs for diagnosis and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038105"}
{"pmid": "1038125", "title": "Staff education programs on a \"shoestring\".", "content": "Staff education programs on a \"shoestring\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038125"}
{"pmid": "1038126", "title": "Existentialism: its relevance for practice and education.", "content": "Existentialism: its relevance for practice and education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038126"}
{"pmid": "1038127", "title": "Evolution of a role: pediatric nurse clinician.", "content": "Evolution of a role: pediatric nurse clinician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038127"}
{"pmid": "1038129", "title": "The battered administrator syndrome.", "content": "The battered administrator syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038129"}
{"pmid": "1038128", "title": "Chauvinism: a two ways street.", "content": "Chauvinism: a two ways street.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038128"}
{"pmid": "1038130", "title": "What is an inservice instructor?", "content": "What is an inservice instructor?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038130"}
{"pmid": "1038131", "title": "RCN to withdraw from ICN?", "content": "RCN to withdraw from ICN?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038131"}
{"pmid": "1038132", "title": "Law for the nurse supervisor. Refusal of blood transfusion.", "content": "Law for the nurse supervisor. Refusal of blood transfusion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038132"}
{"pmid": "1038133", "title": "Editorial: Living in the real world.", "content": "Editorial: Living in the real world.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038133"}
{"pmid": "1038297", "title": "Letters to the editor: The use of demorol as an anesthetic agent.", "content": "Letters to the editor: The use of demorol as an anesthetic agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038297"}
{"pmid": "1038298", "title": "Narcotic anesthesia for cardiovascular surgery.", "content": "Narcotic anesthesia for cardiovascular surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038298"}
{"pmid": "1038299", "title": "Anatomy and physiology of the kidney.", "content": "Anatomy and physiology of the kidney.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038299"}
{"pmid": "1038300", "title": "Editorial: Accreditation for schools/programs for nurse anesthetists.", "content": "Editorial: Accreditation for schools/programs for nurse anesthetists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038300"}
{"pmid": "1038301", "title": "Surgical economics.", "content": "Surgical economics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038301"}
{"pmid": "1038302", "title": "An anesthetic consideration for cesarean section.", "content": "An anesthetic consideration for cesarean section.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038302"}
{"pmid": "1038303", "title": "The fine line of patient consent.", "content": "The fine line of patient consent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038303"}
{"pmid": "1038304", "title": "Programmed instruction.  Patient assessment: examination of the ear.", "content": "Programmed instruction.  Patient assessment: examination of the ear.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038304"}
{"pmid": "1038305", "title": "Editorial: Health care in prison: an anachronism?", "content": "Editorial: Health care in prison: an anachronism?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038305"}
{"pmid": "1038306", "title": "The development of intense positive countertransference feelings in the therapist toward a patient.", "content": "The development of intense positive countertransference feelings in the therapist toward a patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038306"}
{"pmid": "1038307", "title": "\"Yes, I hear you, Mr. H.\".", "content": "\"Yes, I hear you, Mr. H.\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038307"}
{"pmid": "1038308", "title": "The blind mother.", "content": "The blind mother.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038308"}
{"pmid": "1038310", "title": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  It started with a director of nursing.", "content": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  It started with a director of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038310"}
{"pmid": "1038309", "title": "Health care in prison: a view from inside.", "content": "Health care in prison: a view from inside.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038309"}
{"pmid": "1038311", "title": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  Leadership at the cell-block level.", "content": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  Leadership at the cell-block level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038311"}
{"pmid": "1038312", "title": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  Mental health nursing of inmates.", "content": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  Mental health nursing of inmates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038312"}
{"pmid": "1038313", "title": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  Replacing pill pushing with nursing.", "content": "Health care in prison: change in one city's system.  Replacing pill pushing with nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038313"}
{"pmid": "1038315", "title": "A nurse fights corruption.", "content": "A nurse fights corruption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038315"}
{"pmid": "1038314", "title": "Screening for Tay-Sachs disease.", "content": "Screening for Tay-Sachs disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038314"}
{"pmid": "1038316", "title": "Chronicity: a key to learning.", "content": "Chronicity: a key to learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038316"}
{"pmid": "1038317", "title": "Indwelling catheters.", "content": "Indwelling catheters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038317"}
{"pmid": "1038318", "title": "How OSHA affects hospitals and nursing homes.", "content": "How OSHA affects hospitals and nursing homes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038318"}
{"pmid": "1038319", "title": "Correcting inverted nipples--an aid to breast feeding.", "content": "Correcting inverted nipples--an aid to breast feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038319"}
{"pmid": "1038320", "title": "Breast-feeding classes on the postpartum unit.", "content": "Breast-feeding classes on the postpartum unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038320"}
{"pmid": "1038321", "title": "What income tax decuctions can you take as a nurse?", "content": "What income tax decuctions can you take as a nurse?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038321"}
{"pmid": "1038322", "title": "Endocrine influences on pulmonary maturation and the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in the fetal baboon.", "content": "Endocrine influences on pulmonary maturation and the lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in the fetal baboon. By utilizing the baboon model system, preliminary data indicate that intra-amniotic dexamethasone caused an increase in the L/S ratio. Metopirone 11-betahydroxylase inhibition prevented the expected increase in the L/S ratio without influencing pulmonary distensibility, stability on deflation, or lung mince minimal surface tension. Infants born at term to Metopirone-treated baboons were free of pulmonary distress and survived to adolescence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038322"}
{"pmid": "1038323", "title": "Editorial: Supervisory nurses caught in increasing tensions.", "content": "Editorial: Supervisory nurses caught in increasing tensions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038323"}
{"pmid": "1038324", "title": "Leaders influence, guide nursing by specific action.", "content": "Leaders influence, guide nursing by specific action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038324"}
{"pmid": "1038325", "title": "Communication to PRR nurses means better care.", "content": "Communication to PRR nurses means better care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038325"}
{"pmid": "1038326", "title": "Housekeeping in operating suites.", "content": "Housekeeping in operating suites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038326"}
{"pmid": "1038327", "title": "An anesthesiologist looks at OR design.", "content": "An anesthesiologist looks at OR design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038327"}
{"pmid": "1038328", "title": "Morocco; an exotic land.", "content": "Morocco; an exotic land.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038328"}
{"pmid": "1038329", "title": "Editorial: Study proves OR nurses' purchasing power.", "content": "Editorial: Study proves OR nurses' purchasing power.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038329"}
{"pmid": "1038330", "title": "Joint Council for allied health accreditation.", "content": "Joint Council for allied health accreditation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038330"}
{"pmid": "1038331", "title": "OR staff nurse underestimated as educator.", "content": "OR staff nurse underestimated as educator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038331"}
{"pmid": "1038332", "title": "Federation supports AANA; rejects self-study.", "content": "Federation supports AANA; rejects self-study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038332"}
{"pmid": "1038333", "title": "Without foundation, one does not become specialist.", "content": "Without foundation, one does not become specialist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038333"}
{"pmid": "1038334", "title": "Unit nurses less apathetic if aware of OR procedures.", "content": "Unit nurses less apathetic if aware of OR procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038334"}
{"pmid": "1038335", "title": "Representative experiences sufficient for students.", "content": "Representative experiences sufficient for students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038335"}
{"pmid": "1038336", "title": "Future of OR curricula: generalist preparation, further specialization.", "content": "Future of OR curricula: generalist preparation, further specialization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038336"}
{"pmid": "1038337", "title": "Malignant hyperpyrexia: anesthesia complication.", "content": "Malignant hyperpyrexia: anesthesia complication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038337"}
{"pmid": "1038338", "title": "Management of pulmonary edema.", "content": "Management of pulmonary edema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038338"}
{"pmid": "1038339", "title": "Zoo surgery challenges clinicians.", "content": "Zoo surgery challenges clinicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038339"}
{"pmid": "1038340", "title": "Misuse of masks reduces effectiveness.", "content": "Misuse of masks reduces effectiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038340"}
{"pmid": "1038341", "title": "Indwelling catheter nursing care.", "content": "Indwelling catheter nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038341"}
{"pmid": "1038342", "title": "Cancer complicated in growth, treatment.", "content": "Cancer complicated in growth, treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038342"}
{"pmid": "1038343", "title": "Waste disposal system.", "content": "Waste disposal system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038343"}
{"pmid": "1038350", "title": "The Nurse Practice Act.", "content": "The Nurse Practice Act.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038350"}
{"pmid": "1038351", "title": "The pharmacology and clinical use of digitalis.", "content": "The pharmacology and clinical use of digitalis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038351"}
{"pmid": "1038352", "title": "Rehabilitation after stroke.", "content": "Rehabilitation after stroke.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038352"}
{"pmid": "1038385", "title": "Focus on National Health Insurance.", "content": "Focus on National Health Insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038385"}
{"pmid": "1038387", "title": "Breakthrough: a year in retrospect.", "content": "Breakthrough: a year in retrospect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038387"}
{"pmid": "1038386", "title": "The nurse practitioner.", "content": "The nurse practitioner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038386"}
{"pmid": "1038388", "title": "I believe ... nursing as a profession and you.", "content": "I believe ... nursing as a profession and you.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038388"}
{"pmid": "1038389", "title": "Should PN/VN students be members of NSNA?", "content": "Should PN/VN students be members of NSNA?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038389"}
{"pmid": "1038390", "title": "Why student rights?", "content": "Why student rights?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038390"}
{"pmid": "1038391", "title": "NSNA adopts guidelines for grievance procedures.", "content": "NSNA adopts guidelines for grievance procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038391"}
{"pmid": "1038419", "title": "Mother and baby services in Toronto and New York City.", "content": "Mother and baby services in Toronto and New York City.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038419"}
{"pmid": "1038420", "title": "The treatment of nocturnal enuresis by bell and pad in general practice.", "content": "The treatment of nocturnal enuresis by bell and pad in general practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038420"}
{"pmid": "1038421", "title": "Are babies more difficult to screen for hearing?", "content": "Are babies more difficult to screen for hearing?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038421"}
{"pmid": "1038422", "title": "Child health and education in the seventies. A national study in England, Scotland and Wales of all children born 5th-11th April 1970.", "content": "Child health and education in the seventies. A national study in England, Scotland and Wales of all children born 5th-11th April 1970.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038422"}
{"pmid": "1038423", "title": "Management of gastroenteritis at home.", "content": "Management of gastroenteritis at home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038423"}
{"pmid": "1038424", "title": "The health visitor and the isolated mother.", "content": "The health visitor and the isolated mother.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038424"}
{"pmid": "1038425", "title": "Why sociology?", "content": "Why sociology?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038425"}
{"pmid": "1038434", "title": "Opening the hospital inservice classroom.", "content": "Opening the hospital inservice classroom.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038434"}
{"pmid": "1038433", "title": "Patterns of preference: nurses view continuing education.", "content": "Patterns of preference: nurses view continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038433"}
{"pmid": "1038432", "title": "Trends in accreditation.", "content": "Trends in accreditation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038432"}
{"pmid": "1038439", "title": "Continuing education--why?", "content": "Continuing education--why?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038439"}
{"pmid": "1038435", "title": "Orientation--first impressions last.", "content": "Orientation--first impressions last.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038435"}
{"pmid": "1038436", "title": "What do you develop in personnel development?", "content": "What do you develop in personnel development?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038436"}
{"pmid": "1038448", "title": "Editorial: NAPNES leaders learn, share, guide.", "content": "Editorial: NAPNES leaders learn, share, guide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038448"}
{"pmid": "1038449", "title": "Iron deficiency: a problem of prevention.", "content": "Iron deficiency: a problem of prevention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038449"}
{"pmid": "1038450", "title": "Cardiac pacemakers.", "content": "Cardiac pacemakers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038450"}
{"pmid": "1038451", "title": "Drug therapy and the homebound cardiac patient.", "content": "Drug therapy and the homebound cardiac patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038451"}
{"pmid": "1038452", "title": "A uniform forecast: uniformity is on the outs.", "content": "A uniform forecast: uniformity is on the outs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038452"}
{"pmid": "1038438", "title": "Educators as change agents in the institution of nursing; using GSA (guided self-analysis) as the enabler.", "content": "Educators as change agents in the institution of nursing; using GSA (guided self-analysis) as the enabler.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038438"}
{"pmid": "1038453", "title": "Mainline to mainstream: the life of an ex-addict.", "content": "Mainline to mainstream: the life of an ex-addict.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038453"}
{"pmid": "1038441", "title": "Inservice education copes with resistance to change.", "content": "Inservice education copes with resistance to change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038441"}
{"pmid": "1038455", "title": "Anorexia nervosa.", "content": "Anorexia nervosa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038455"}
{"pmid": "1038454", "title": "Effects of death on the living.", "content": "Effects of death on the living.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038454"}
{"pmid": "1038440", "title": "Landmark statement. Importance of voluntary national accreditation to nursing education.", "content": "Landmark statement. Importance of voluntary national accreditation to nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038440"}
{"pmid": "1038456", "title": "Please reach out to me, your elderly person.", "content": "Please reach out to me, your elderly person.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038456"}
{"pmid": "1038445", "title": "Learning human relations technologies through continuing education in health care professions.", "content": "Learning human relations technologies through continuing education in health care professions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038445"}
{"pmid": "1038447", "title": "Professional education and its implication for continuing education.", "content": "Professional education and its implication for continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038447"}
{"pmid": "1038442", "title": "Nursing inservice education in rural America: one proposal for meeting the need.", "content": "Nursing inservice education in rural America: one proposal for meeting the need.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038442"}
{"pmid": "1038443", "title": "An editorial exploration: Health education, an institutional responsibility.", "content": "An editorial exploration: Health education, an institutional responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038443"}
{"pmid": "1038446", "title": "Philosophical concerns and issues in continuing education.", "content": "Philosophical concerns and issues in continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038446"}
{"pmid": "1038458", "title": "Pharmacodynamic nursing.", "content": "Pharmacodynamic nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038458"}
{"pmid": "1038457", "title": "Their home we share.", "content": "Their home we share.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038457"}
{"pmid": "1038459", "title": "Hup, two, three, four. U.S. Army licensed practical nurses.", "content": "Hup, two, three, four. U.S. Army licensed practical nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038459"}
{"pmid": "1038460", "title": "Oral health counseling.", "content": "Oral health counseling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038460"}
{"pmid": "1038461", "title": "How to do the most for your mastectomy patient.", "content": "How to do the most for your mastectomy patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038461"}
{"pmid": "1038462", "title": "Cancer of the colon and rectum: cure or crisis? I.", "content": "Cancer of the colon and rectum: cure or crisis? I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038462"}
{"pmid": "1038444", "title": "\"Do it yourself\" programs.", "content": "\"Do it yourself\" programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038444"}
{"pmid": "1038463", "title": "The art of being in charge.", "content": "The art of being in charge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038463"}
{"pmid": "1038464", "title": "Emergency care of the unconscious patient.", "content": "Emergency care of the unconscious patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038464"}
{"pmid": "1038465", "title": "Collective bargaining: what's it all about and what can it do for you. 1.", "content": "Collective bargaining: what's it all about and what can it do for you. 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038465"}
{"pmid": "1038467", "title": "Editorial: Right to treatment.", "content": "Editorial: Right to treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038467"}
{"pmid": "1038466", "title": "Wishing for words.", "content": "Wishing for words.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038466"}
{"pmid": "1038468", "title": "The therapeutic community; all relationships relevant.", "content": "The therapeutic community; all relationships relevant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038468"}
{"pmid": "1038469", "title": "Cancer of the colon and rectum: cure or crisis? II.", "content": "Cancer of the colon and rectum: cure or crisis? II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038469"}
{"pmid": "1038470", "title": "Aftermath of stroke: triumph or tragedy?", "content": "Aftermath of stroke: triumph or tragedy?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038470"}
{"pmid": "1038471", "title": "Collective bargaining. What's it all about and what can it do for you? 2.", "content": "Collective bargaining. What's it all about and what can it do for you? 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038471"}
{"pmid": "1038472", "title": "Industrial nursing; a new LP/VN frontier.", "content": "Industrial nursing; a new LP/VN frontier.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038472"}
{"pmid": "1038473", "title": "Educational needs expressed by health related educators.", "content": "Educational needs expressed by health related educators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038473"}
{"pmid": "1038474", "title": "I'm a nurse too.", "content": "I'm a nurse too.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038474"}
{"pmid": "1038502", "title": "Diaphragm of effectiveness depends largely on you: patients practice what you teach. Why some won't try the diaphragm method - why others try and fail.", "content": "Diaphragm of effectiveness depends largely on you: patients practice what you teach. Why some won't try the diaphragm method - why others try and fail.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038502"}
{"pmid": "1038503", "title": "The clinical specialist--link between theory and practice.", "content": "The clinical specialist--link between theory and practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038503"}
{"pmid": "1038501", "title": "Diaphragm effectiveness depends largely on you: patients practice what you teach. Preventing the \"diaphragm byby syndrome\": a matter of technique, teaching, and time.", "content": "Diaphragm effectiveness depends largely on you: patients practice what you teach. Preventing the \"diaphragm byby syndrome\": a matter of technique, teaching, and time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038501"}
{"pmid": "1038500", "title": "Concerns of an obstetric patient experiencing long-term hospitalization.", "content": "Concerns of an obstetric patient experiencing long-term hospitalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038500"}
{"pmid": "1038504", "title": "Portrait of a female.", "content": "Portrait of a female.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038504"}
{"pmid": "1038505", "title": "Helping the mother solve problems with feeding her infant.", "content": "Helping the mother solve problems with feeding her infant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038505"}
{"pmid": "1038559", "title": "Infant feeding and the health educator.", "content": "Infant feeding and the health educator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038559"}
{"pmid": "1038560", "title": "Time to listen.", "content": "Time to listen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038560"}
{"pmid": "1038561", "title": "The educational welfare officer.", "content": "The educational welfare officer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038561"}
{"pmid": "1038562", "title": "Ethical dilemmas in obstetric and newborn care.", "content": "Ethical dilemmas in obstetric and newborn care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038562"}
{"pmid": "1038563", "title": "Editorial: Bed and breakfast.", "content": "Editorial: Bed and breakfast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038563"}
{"pmid": "1038564", "title": "The midwife and puerperal psychosis.", "content": "The midwife and puerperal psychosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038564"}
{"pmid": "1038565", "title": "Economic and environmental aspects of family planning.", "content": "Economic and environmental aspects of family planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038565"}
{"pmid": "1038566", "title": "The story of Graham.", "content": "The story of Graham.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038566"}
{"pmid": "1038567", "title": "Editorial: Antenatal assessment and education.", "content": "Editorial: Antenatal assessment and education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038567"}
{"pmid": "1038568", "title": "The community care option--a survey of one year's experience in 10 centres.", "content": "The community care option--a survey of one year's experience in 10 centres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038568"}
{"pmid": "1038569", "title": "The use of prostaglandins in the induction of labour.", "content": "The use of prostaglandins in the induction of labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038569"}
{"pmid": "1038570", "title": "The fourth trimester?", "content": "The fourth trimester?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038570"}
{"pmid": "1038571", "title": "Drugs affecting the upper respiratory tract.", "content": "Drugs affecting the upper respiratory tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038571"}
{"pmid": "1038572", "title": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session I: shopping for baby and you.", "content": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session I: shopping for baby and you.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038572"}
{"pmid": "1038573", "title": "Intimate duties of the midwife.", "content": "Intimate duties of the midwife.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038573"}
{"pmid": "1038574", "title": "An \"open\" opportunity.", "content": "An \"open\" opportunity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038574"}
{"pmid": "1038575", "title": "The midwife teachers diploma; marriage of a profession and a university.", "content": "The midwife teachers diploma; marriage of a profession and a university.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038575"}
{"pmid": "1038576", "title": "Teachers' page. 8. Practical instructors course for teaching midwives.", "content": "Teachers' page. 8. Practical instructors course for teaching midwives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038576"}
{"pmid": "1038577", "title": "The midwife in Northern Ireland.", "content": "The midwife in Northern Ireland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038577"}
{"pmid": "1038578", "title": "\"Nurse....forget the outside world\".", "content": "\"Nurse....forget the outside world\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038578"}
{"pmid": "1038579", "title": "\"Black spot\" - an exercise in the prevention of mental retardation.", "content": "\"Black spot\" - an exercise in the prevention of mental retardation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038579"}
{"pmid": "1038580", "title": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session 2: health in pregnancy.", "content": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session 2: health in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038580"}
{"pmid": "1038581", "title": "A student's view of the Open University.", "content": "A student's view of the Open University.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038581"}
{"pmid": "1038582", "title": "Teachers' page. 9. University involvement in midwifery education.", "content": "Teachers' page. 9. University involvement in midwifery education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038582"}
{"pmid": "1038583", "title": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session 3: conception and development.", "content": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session 3: conception and development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038583"}
{"pmid": "1038584", "title": "The midwifery profession in France.", "content": "The midwifery profession in France.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038584"}
{"pmid": "1038585", "title": "The proposed Children Bill.", "content": "The proposed Children Bill.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038585"}
{"pmid": "1038586", "title": "Statutory qualification?", "content": "Statutory qualification?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038586"}
{"pmid": "1038587", "title": "Functions of an occupational health service.", "content": "Functions of an occupational health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038587"}
{"pmid": "1038588", "title": "Design for machinery safety.", "content": "Design for machinery safety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038588"}
{"pmid": "1038589", "title": "OH in Europe--1. The UK.", "content": "OH in Europe--1. The UK.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038589"}
{"pmid": "1038590", "title": "OH in Europe--3. Germany.", "content": "OH in Europe--3. Germany.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038590"}
{"pmid": "1038592", "title": "Accident investigation systems.", "content": "Accident investigation systems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038592"}
{"pmid": "1038591", "title": "Electrical injuries.", "content": "Electrical injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038591"}
{"pmid": "1038593", "title": "Acute acetone intoxication.", "content": "Acute acetone intoxication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038593"}
{"pmid": "1038594", "title": "Calling all women.", "content": "Calling all women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038594"}
{"pmid": "1038595", "title": "Editorial: The nursing process.", "content": "Editorial: The nursing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038595"}
{"pmid": "1038597", "title": "Wound infection and gas gangrene.", "content": "Wound infection and gas gangrene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038597"}
{"pmid": "1038596", "title": "The orthopedic nursing diagnosis.", "content": "The orthopedic nursing diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038596"}
{"pmid": "1038598", "title": "Behavioral objectives for orthopedic nursing personnel. Part I.", "content": "Behavioral objectives for orthopedic nursing personnel. Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038598"}
{"pmid": "1038599", "title": "A vast nation's quest for a 'new medicine'.", "content": "A vast nation's quest for a 'new medicine'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038599"}
{"pmid": "1038601", "title": "Faculty-curriculum development. Part III. Conceptual framework - its meaning and function.", "content": "Faculty-curriculum development. Part III. Conceptual framework - its meaning and function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038601"}
{"pmid": "1038602", "title": "The meaning and functions of concepts and theories within education and nursing.", "content": "The meaning and functions of concepts and theories within education and nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038602"}
{"pmid": "1038600", "title": "Recognition and management of life threatening emergencies.", "content": "Recognition and management of life threatening emergencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038600"}
{"pmid": "1038603", "title": "Today's conceptual frameworks within baccalaureate nursing programs.", "content": "Today's conceptual frameworks within baccalaureate nursing programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038603"}
{"pmid": "1038604", "title": "The conceptual framework and its influence on learning experiences.", "content": "The conceptual framework and its influence on learning experiences.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038604"}
{"pmid": "1038605", "title": "The conceptual framework as part of the curriculum process.", "content": "The conceptual framework as part of the curriculum process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038605"}
{"pmid": "1038606", "title": "Educational trends which influenced the development of the conceptual framework within the curriculum.", "content": "Educational trends which influenced the development of the conceptual framework within the curriculum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038606"}
{"pmid": "1038607", "title": "The media center: in planning the center...", "content": "The media center: in planning the center...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038607"}
{"pmid": "1038608", "title": "Editorial: Nurse practitioner: the way to go?", "content": "Editorial: Nurse practitioner: the way to go?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038608"}
{"pmid": "1038609", "title": "Assessing the quality of care.", "content": "Assessing the quality of care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038609"}
{"pmid": "1038610", "title": "Psychological characteristics of the nurse practitioner.", "content": "Psychological characteristics of the nurse practitioner. First, present research on the selection and characteristics of practitioners is both controversial and important. We need good answers to be helpful to those planning directions for the future of nursing. Second, we need good descriptive research indicating how applicants for different types of programs vary; how age, experience, and background factors affect the outcome of training. Third, we need multi-criteria for measuring success and effectiveness-criteria that will take into account both competence and commitment and will measure competence in a variety of ways. Fourth, we need more theory for what we are measuring and why we are measuring it. We need predictions from different personality and developmental theories. We need to contrast and combine these theoretical approaches, and we need more complex variables than we currently have. We need constructs and types rather than simple empiricism and single traits. Finally, we should not overlook the fact that the majority of nurse practitioners are women, and thus we are doing research on an interesting group at a significant time in women's history. If we are alert and responsive to what we learn about our subjects, we may also gain a deeper understanding of the lives of adult women and how they are affected by social change and changing times.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038610"}
{"pmid": "1038611", "title": "Expectation vs realization in the nurse practitioner role.", "content": "Expectation vs realization in the nurse practitioner role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038611"}
{"pmid": "1038612", "title": "Nurse practitioner research: some neglected issues.", "content": "Nurse practitioner research: some neglected issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038612"}
{"pmid": "1038613", "title": "Nurse practitioner: a model for evaluation?", "content": "Nurse practitioner: a model for evaluation?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038613"}
{"pmid": "1038624", "title": "After assessment--what then?", "content": "After assessment--what then?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038624"}
{"pmid": "1038625", "title": "Obstructions of the intestinal tract.", "content": "Obstructions of the intestinal tract.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038625"}
{"pmid": "1038626", "title": "Etiology of decubitus ulcers.", "content": "Etiology of decubitus ulcers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038626"}
{"pmid": "1038619", "title": "Editorial: A serious omission.", "content": "Editorial: A serious omission.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038619"}
{"pmid": "1038616", "title": "Needs of the grieving spouse in a hospital setting.", "content": "Needs of the grieving spouse in a hospital setting. In an attempt to determine whether the spouse whose mate is terminally ill or had died can recognize his own needs and whether he, himself, perceives that he has been helped by nurses, 27 spouses were interviewed during the terminal illness of their mates. Subsequently, 18 mates died; 14 of the spouses were interviewed after the death event. Data were collected by means of tape-recorded semistructured interviews, with the exception of one written second interview. Eight needs of grieving spouses were noted. Twenty-five spouses identified all eight needs and the other two spouses identified five and seven needs, respectively. The fact that the needs were identified did not mean, however, that these needs had been met. Spouses believed nurses had been helpful to the dying mates. The spouses recognized that the nurses' primary responsibility was to the patients and felt that nurses were too busy to help the families. The death event did not alter the identified needs and concerns of the spouses. Eighty-seven percent of the needs identified in the second interview had been identified in the first interview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038616"}
{"pmid": "1038627", "title": "Treatment of decubitus ulcers.", "content": "Treatment of decubitus ulcers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038627"}
{"pmid": "1038617", "title": "The meaning of mental health: a report of two ethnoscientific studies.", "content": "The meaning of mental health: a report of two ethnoscientific studies. The use of the ethnoscientific method in nursing research is demonstrated in an initial study and a replication of that study, utilizing male and female informants. The domain of \"mental health\" was explored, analyzed, and contrasted within the subculture of the central city resident and the subculture of the psychiatric-mental health professional. To facilitate an understanding of ethnoscience, the method is briefly outlined; then, to illustrate the methodology, data from one informat are presented in depth. A summary of the major similarities and contrasts that emerged from the data of both studies is presented. Implications for nursing of the research and ethnoscience are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038617"}
{"pmid": "1038628", "title": "Common cardiovascular problems in the postoperative period.", "content": "Common cardiovascular problems in the postoperative period. In summary, it should be stated that there is a basic philosophic difference concerning the importance and the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias in postoperative patients when compared to patients with myocardial infarctions. In the latter group the etiology for the arrhythmia is assumed, and very frequently correctly. In the former group of patients, the postoperative group, the etiology of the arrhythmia is often covert and difficult to come by. In patients with myocardial infarction treatment frequently is stereotyped and the effect of therapy often predictable. In the postoperative patient with a cardiac arrhythmia, be it tachycardia or an irregular pulse, the treatment may be as varied as the cause. Thus the thrust of our endeavor in the postoperative patient should be directed primarily toward determining the cause of the arrhythmia and thereafter administering correct therapy based on a reasonable diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038628"}
{"pmid": "1038630", "title": "Postoperative pulmonary complications.", "content": "Postoperative pulmonary complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038630"}
{"pmid": "1038614", "title": "Effect of timed hygienic measures on oral mucosa in a group of elderly subjects.", "content": "Effect of timed hygienic measures on oral mucosa in a group of elderly subjects. A study was conducted to identify and compare the effect produced on oral mucosa by the application of oral hygiene by the use of either a toothette or a toothbrush at two-, three-, or four-hour intervals during an eight-hour period for ten days. The sample consisted of 48 geriatric patients randomly selected from an extended care facility. Two investigators were responsible for scoring nine dependent variables--salivation, tongue moisture, tongue color, moisture of palates, color of gingiva, condition of membranes, lip texture, lip moisture, and soft tooth debris-- twice daily. Data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. Results of the study indicated significant improvement in six dependent variables in the four-hour interval groups. In the two-hour interval groups, two dependent variables were improved significantly. The toothbrush was more effective in stimulating gingival tissue and removing soft tooth debris; the toothette was found to be more effective in producing improvement in other oral tissues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038614"}
{"pmid": "1038620", "title": "8-4 Research. Part 1: a stance for nursing research--tenacity or inquiry.", "content": "8-4 Research. Part 1: a stance for nursing research--tenacity or inquiry. In a two-part series, a/proprosal is presented for implementation research which integrates practical, technical, and political judgment. This implementation research--or 8-4 research--is contrasted with pseudo-technical research. In Part I it is proposed that nursing research should be assessed in terms of payoff for nursing rather than promise for nursing, that 8-j research is a suitable paradigm for all nursing research, and that nursing research is a suitable preoccupation for any and all nursing personnel. Part II (to appear in the May-June 1975 Nursing Research) develops eight points of encounter--as between 8-4 research and pseudotechnical research--pertinent to designing nursing research. A conception of design is proposed that displays an appropriate role for conation, drive, or intent in any designed research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038620"}
{"pmid": "1038621", "title": "Application of selected nursing research findings into nursing practice: a pilot study.", "content": "Application of selected nursing research findings into nursing practice: a pilot study. This study investigated the extent to which one research finding, obtained through a series of investigations and reported widely in the nursing literature, was being utilized by nurse practitioners for the improvement of nursing practice. Based on the research findings of Nichols and colleagues on the oral mode of temperature determination, a questionnaire was constructed and administered to 87 registered nurses in the states of Massachusetts and New York. Only one response corresponded to the findings of Nichols and colleagues on how oral temperature is correctly determined. Contradictions between theory and practice, moreover, were cited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038621"}
{"pmid": "1038629", "title": "Nursing care to assess and prevent common cardiovascular problems.", "content": "Nursing care to assess and prevent common cardiovascular problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038629"}
{"pmid": "1038631", "title": "Oliguria in postoperative patients.", "content": "Oliguria in postoperative patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038631"}
{"pmid": "1038632", "title": "Editorial: A retainer scheme for nurses?", "content": "Editorial: A retainer scheme for nurses?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038632"}
{"pmid": "1038623", "title": "Problem-oriented recording as a teaching-learning tool.", "content": "Problem-oriented recording as a teaching-learning tool. The assumption that problem-oriented records help teach critical thinking was tested by co-paring clinical recordings and case study data for a group of beginning nursing students who were taught problem-oriented charting with a group who were taught traditional charting. No differences were found between the groups in the mean number of patient problems identified from a case situation. However, in clinical charting, the problem-oriented group identified significantly more patient problems and had significantly higher quality-of-organization scores. Assuming the case situation and clinical situation were equivalent in presentation of identifiable problems, these findings suggested that the problem-oriented format was superior in allowing students to demonstrate their ability to identify and solve patient problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038623"}
{"pmid": "1038622", "title": "Changes in judgment of duration with different patterns of auditory information for individuals confined to bed.", "content": "Changes in judgment of duration with different patterns of auditory information for individuals confined to bed. A theoretical proposition that changes in the organization and structure of auditory information result in changes in temporal experience was tested in this study. Changes were measured in the judgment of duration of a 40-second interval that occurred in three different patterns of auditory information among individuals confined to bed. The sample consisted of 90 men and 90 women aged 18 to 35 years who had no known physical or mental health problems. Subjects rested in bed in a comfortable room for two and one-half hours. Each subject received one of three forms of auditory information-called decoded, coded, and ambient auditory information. At four periods during the 150 minutes of auditory information (25 minutes, 75 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes) the subject was directed by a lighted sign to produce a 40-second interval by depressing a button. The button was connected to a microtimer which timed the interval to the nearest tenth second. None of the three hypotheses-1) that time would seem to pass more slowly in the coded than in the decoded condition: 2) that time would pass more slowly in the decoded than ambient condition: and 3) that as the period of bedrest progressed differences in duration experience would occur among the three groups--was supported by the data. The produced interval for ambient auditory information was expected to be the longest of the three groups, but the opposite effect occurred; it was the shortest. The significant overestimation that occurred in the ambient condition relative to the decoded condition appeared to be related to the methodological imposition of vigilance, lack of structuring information, and the condition of waiting. The coded auditory input did not effect changes in duration relative to the decoded and ambient auditory information as subjects were able to reorder the coded information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038622"}
{"pmid": "1038633", "title": "Four-point plan for mental handicap services.", "content": "Four-point plan for mental handicap services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038633"}
{"pmid": "1038634", "title": "Euthanasia.", "content": "Euthanasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038634"}
{"pmid": "1038618", "title": "Increasing the quality of patient care through performance counseling and written goal setting.", "content": "Increasing the quality of patient care through performance counseling and written goal setting. Patient care scores of staff nurses in seven Veterans Administration hospitals who used a performance counseling protocol that required written goal setting, coupled with head nurse modeling and support to achieve goals (experimental), were compared with scores of nurses who continued with usual practice (control). Staff nurses chose their own goals. One goal was to improve patient care and the other was to improve staff nurse professional competence. After six months, experimental group scores were higher on five patient care scales, one significantly. After 12 months, scores shifted in favor of the control group, one significantly. Experimental group scores were higher on patient interview questions after six months and made additional gains after 12 months. Experimental nurses generally were more satisfied with their nursing careers and described working relationships more positively. Some progress the experimental nurses made after six months was lost after 12 months. Nurses who received high patient care scores from outside observers described the hospital working environment in more positive terms. Relationships of three instruments that measure quality of patient care are presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038618"}
{"pmid": "1038635", "title": "A symposium on diseases of the hip in childhood. The management of congenital dislocation of the hip.", "content": "A symposium on diseases of the hip in childhood. The management of congenital dislocation of the hip.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038635"}
{"pmid": "1038615", "title": "Perception of life change events by the elderly.", "content": "Perception of life change events by the elderly. The perception of the amount of adjustment necessitated by the occurrence of common life events was assessed for 41 members of a senior citizens' club who ranged in age from 65 to 84. Significant agreement was found between the elderly subjects and the normative sample with regard to rank ordering of the life events. Markedly significant differences were found between the elderly and the normative sample in the magnitudes assigned to the life events, with the elderly group assigning the larger magnitude to most items.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038615"}
{"pmid": "1038636", "title": "Nursing treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip.", "content": "Nursing treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038636"}
{"pmid": "1038637", "title": "Slipping of the upper femoral epiphysis.", "content": "Slipping of the upper femoral epiphysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038637"}
{"pmid": "1038638", "title": "Perthes' disease.", "content": "Perthes' disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038638"}
{"pmid": "1038639", "title": "Lifting patients. 7. Getting out of bed.", "content": "Lifting patients. 7. Getting out of bed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038639"}
{"pmid": "1038640", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 8. Changing times.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 8. Changing times.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038640"}
{"pmid": "1038641", "title": "TO PRESERVE LIFE!", "content": "TO PRESERVE LIFE!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038641"}
{"pmid": "1038642", "title": "Part-time training for nurses.", "content": "Part-time training for nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038642"}
{"pmid": "1038643", "title": "Nursing seven miles up.", "content": "Nursing seven miles up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038643"}
{"pmid": "1038644", "title": "Rheumatic fever.", "content": "Rheumatic fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038644"}
{"pmid": "1038646", "title": "Waiting for our patients to die.", "content": "Waiting for our patients to die.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038646"}
{"pmid": "1038645", "title": "The effect of cosmetics on the skin.", "content": "The effect of cosmetics on the skin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038645"}
{"pmid": "1038647", "title": "Lifting patients. 8. Standing up and sitting down - balance and support for walking.", "content": "Lifting patients. 8. Standing up and sitting down - balance and support for walking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038647"}
{"pmid": "1038648", "title": "The problems of fostering.", "content": "The problems of fostering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038648"}
{"pmid": "1038649", "title": "Medical costs in the EEC.", "content": "Medical costs in the EEC.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038649"}
{"pmid": "1038650", "title": "The best bitch in the business.", "content": "The best bitch in the business.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038650"}
{"pmid": "1038651", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. Awkward relations.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. Awkward relations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038651"}
{"pmid": "1038652", "title": "Editorial: No man is an island.", "content": "Editorial: No man is an island.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038652"}
{"pmid": "1038653", "title": "Staffing in haemodialysis units.", "content": "Staffing in haemodialysis units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038653"}
{"pmid": "1038654", "title": "Creating a new hospital complex in Liverpool.", "content": "Creating a new hospital complex in Liverpool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038654"}
{"pmid": "1038655", "title": "Integrated health care - the aim of reorganisation.", "content": "Integrated health care - the aim of reorganisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038655"}
{"pmid": "1038656", "title": "Ward equipment: a review of equipment for use in hospitals, health centres, and nursing homes.", "content": "Ward equipment: a review of equipment for use in hospitals, health centres, and nursing homes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038656"}
{"pmid": "1038657", "title": "Hospital relations.", "content": "Hospital relations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038657"}
{"pmid": "1038659", "title": "Caring for the diabetic child.", "content": "Caring for the diabetic child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038659"}
{"pmid": "1038658", "title": "Lifting patients. 9. Walking with crutches and sticks.", "content": "Lifting patients. 9. Walking with crutches and sticks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038658"}
{"pmid": "1038660", "title": "Therapeutic teams and their patients. A major relocation exercise.", "content": "Therapeutic teams and their patients. A major relocation exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038660"}
{"pmid": "1038661", "title": "Ornithosis.", "content": "Ornithosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038661"}
{"pmid": "1038662", "title": "Nursing care study: advanced disseminated sclerosis in a young woman.", "content": "Nursing care study: advanced disseminated sclerosis in a young woman.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038662"}
{"pmid": "1038663", "title": "Editorial: Pig in the middle.", "content": "Editorial: Pig in the middle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038663"}
{"pmid": "1038664", "title": "The festival of spring.", "content": "The festival of spring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038664"}
{"pmid": "1038665", "title": "The Rcn--in or out of ICN?", "content": "The Rcn--in or out of ICN?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038665"}
{"pmid": "1038666", "title": "Childbirth in the technological age - the mother's emotional needs.", "content": "Childbirth in the technological age - the mother's emotional needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038666"}
{"pmid": "1038667", "title": "Trichomonal vaginitis.", "content": "Trichomonal vaginitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038667"}
{"pmid": "1038668", "title": "The milk of human kindness.", "content": "The milk of human kindness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038668"}
{"pmid": "1038669", "title": "Lifting patients. 10. The hemiplegic patient.", "content": "Lifting patients. 10. The hemiplegic patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038669"}
{"pmid": "1038671", "title": "Human behaviour in the work situation.", "content": "Human behaviour in the work situation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038671"}
{"pmid": "1038670", "title": "Horrors of the A-bomb.", "content": "Horrors of the A-bomb.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038670"}
{"pmid": "1038672", "title": "Editorial: Waste not, want not.", "content": "Editorial: Waste not, want not.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038672"}
{"pmid": "1038673", "title": "Victory over smallpox.", "content": "Victory over smallpox.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038673"}
{"pmid": "1038674", "title": "A symposium on mastectomy. Breast cancer screening.", "content": "A symposium on mastectomy. Breast cancer screening.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038674"}
{"pmid": "1038675", "title": "Surgery for breast cancer.", "content": "Surgery for breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038675"}
{"pmid": "1038676", "title": "Community aspects of breast cancer.", "content": "Community aspects of breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038676"}
{"pmid": "1038677", "title": "The psychological and social consequences of breast cancer.", "content": "The psychological and social consequences of breast cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038677"}
{"pmid": "1038678", "title": "Rehabilitation of the patient after mastectomy.", "content": "Rehabilitation of the patient after mastectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038678"}
{"pmid": "1038680", "title": "Mastectomy--the patient's point of view.", "content": "Mastectomy--the patient's point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038680"}
{"pmid": "1038679", "title": "Breast prostheses.", "content": "Breast prostheses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038679"}
{"pmid": "1038681", "title": "Another body of snoopers?", "content": "Another body of snoopers?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038681"}
{"pmid": "1038682", "title": "Training and environment.", "content": "Training and environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038682"}
{"pmid": "1038683", "title": "I went into hospital.", "content": "I went into hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038683"}
{"pmid": "1038685", "title": "Publish and be damned!", "content": "Publish and be damned!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038685"}
{"pmid": "1038684", "title": "Termination of pregnancy in Wales.", "content": "Termination of pregnancy in Wales.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038684"}
{"pmid": "1038686", "title": "A visit to Florence Nightingale House.", "content": "A visit to Florence Nightingale House.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038686"}
{"pmid": "1038687", "title": "Comprehensive nurse training in Scotland - a prelude to Briggs.", "content": "Comprehensive nurse training in Scotland - a prelude to Briggs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038687"}
{"pmid": "1038688", "title": "The Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome.", "content": "The Landry-Guillain-Barré syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038688"}
{"pmid": "1038689", "title": "Infective arthritis.", "content": "Infective arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038689"}
{"pmid": "1038690", "title": "Nurse counselling.", "content": "Nurse counselling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038690"}
{"pmid": "1038691", "title": "Diagnosing narcotic addiction in Hong Kong.", "content": "Diagnosing narcotic addiction in Hong Kong.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038691"}
{"pmid": "1038692", "title": "Child-care customs in Colombia.", "content": "Child-care customs in Colombia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038692"}
{"pmid": "1038693", "title": "Editorial: Abortion--an evil necessity.", "content": "Editorial: Abortion--an evil necessity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038693"}
{"pmid": "1038694", "title": "Putting rampton on the map.", "content": "Putting rampton on the map.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038694"}
{"pmid": "1038695", "title": "Balanced diet?", "content": "Balanced diet?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038695"}
{"pmid": "1038696", "title": "Wheelchairs.", "content": "Wheelchairs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038696"}
{"pmid": "1038698", "title": "Lifting patients. 4. The three or two person total lift.", "content": "Lifting patients. 4. The three or two person total lift.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038698"}
{"pmid": "1038697", "title": "Industrial burns and scalds.", "content": "Industrial burns and scalds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038697"}
{"pmid": "1038699", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 5. Money matters.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 5. Money matters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038699"}
{"pmid": "1038700", "title": "Research and the problem of pressure sores.", "content": "Research and the problem of pressure sores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038700"}
{"pmid": "1038703", "title": "Hospital insomnia.", "content": "Hospital insomnia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038703"}
{"pmid": "1038701", "title": "Minor eye injuries.", "content": "Minor eye injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038701"}
{"pmid": "1038702", "title": "The role of the ward sister.", "content": "The role of the ward sister.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038702"}
{"pmid": "1038704", "title": "The changing face of hospital.", "content": "The changing face of hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038704"}
{"pmid": "1038705", "title": "GP attachment and psychiatric domiciliary nursing.", "content": "GP attachment and psychiatric domiciliary nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038705"}
{"pmid": "1038706", "title": "The Dukeries Centre; King's Mill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield.", "content": "The Dukeries Centre; King's Mill Hospital, Sutton-in-Ashfield.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038706"}
{"pmid": "1038707", "title": "The old folks.", "content": "The old folks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038707"}
{"pmid": "1038709", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 6. Best laid plans.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 6. Best laid plans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038709"}
{"pmid": "1038710", "title": "Disorders of the lacrimal system.", "content": "Disorders of the lacrimal system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038710"}
{"pmid": "1038708", "title": "Hoists.", "content": "Hoists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038708"}
{"pmid": "1038711", "title": "Alcoholism.", "content": "Alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038711"}
{"pmid": "1038712", "title": "Lifting patients. 5. Rocking and axillary lift.", "content": "Lifting patients. 5. Rocking and axillary lift.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038712"}
{"pmid": "1038714", "title": "Take 27 tablets daily.", "content": "Take 27 tablets daily.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038714"}
{"pmid": "1038713", "title": "Are mental hospitals really necessary?", "content": "Are mental hospitals really necessary?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038713"}
{"pmid": "1038716", "title": "Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital.", "content": "Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038716"}
{"pmid": "1038717", "title": "Redevelopment at risk at Hammersmith Hospital.", "content": "Redevelopment at risk at Hammersmith Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038717"}
{"pmid": "1038715", "title": "Editorial: One kidney can save two lives.", "content": "Editorial: One kidney can save two lives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038715"}
{"pmid": "1038719", "title": "Carcinoma of the vulva.", "content": "Carcinoma of the vulva.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038719"}
{"pmid": "1038720", "title": "Lifting patients. 6. The elbow lift.", "content": "Lifting patients. 6. The elbow lift.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038720"}
{"pmid": "1038718", "title": "Prison nursing.", "content": "Prison nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038718"}
{"pmid": "1038722", "title": "Management in the reorganised health service. 7. Personnel priorities.", "content": "Management in the reorganised health service. 7. Personnel priorities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038722"}
{"pmid": "1038721", "title": "Assessment of the elderly.", "content": "Assessment of the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038721"}
{"pmid": "1038723", "title": "Middlesbrough General Hospital neurology unit.", "content": "Middlesbrough General Hospital neurology unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038723"}
{"pmid": "1038724", "title": "Home care scheme in Paddington.", "content": "Home care scheme in Paddington.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038724"}
{"pmid": "1038725", "title": "The nurse's role in the home care unit.", "content": "The nurse's role in the home care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038725"}
{"pmid": "1038726", "title": "A bonus for the \"beau\" nurse.", "content": "A bonus for the \"beau\" nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038726"}
{"pmid": "1038727", "title": "Adopted children in a psychiatric in-patient unit.", "content": "Adopted children in a psychiatric in-patient unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038727"}
{"pmid": "1038728", "title": "Outline of post basic courses for registered nurses.", "content": "Outline of post basic courses for registered nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038728"}
{"pmid": "1038729", "title": "Nurses' attitudes to conditions of employment.", "content": "Nurses' attitudes to conditions of employment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038729"}
{"pmid": "1038730", "title": "A study of alternate sites for basic nursing education.", "content": "A study of alternate sites for basic nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038730"}
{"pmid": "1038760", "title": "The Queen's Nursing Institute.", "content": "The Queen's Nursing Institute.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038760"}
{"pmid": "1038762", "title": "The district nurse.", "content": "The district nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038762"}
{"pmid": "1038759", "title": "The new responsibilities for the nurse in the community.", "content": "The new responsibilities for the nurse in the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038759"}
{"pmid": "1038766", "title": "Caring for one another. II. The primary team speaks on the concept.", "content": "Caring for one another. II. The primary team speaks on the concept.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038766"}
{"pmid": "1038764", "title": "Breast prostheses.", "content": "Breast prostheses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038764"}
{"pmid": "1038768", "title": "The Panel of Assessors for district nurse training.", "content": "The Panel of Assessors for district nurse training.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038768"}
{"pmid": "1038769", "title": "Care of the cancer patient--a personal view.", "content": "Care of the cancer patient--a personal view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038769"}
{"pmid": "1038763", "title": "Post-traumatic cosmetic surgery.", "content": "Post-traumatic cosmetic surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038763"}
{"pmid": "1038758", "title": "Patient care teams in the community.", "content": "Patient care teams in the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038758"}
{"pmid": "1038761", "title": "Caring for one another.", "content": "Caring for one another.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038761"}
{"pmid": "1038770", "title": "Nursing within the reorganised health service.", "content": "Nursing within the reorganised health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038770"}
{"pmid": "1038767", "title": "Training to meet the future needs.", "content": "Training to meet the future needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038767"}
{"pmid": "1038765", "title": "Deformities of the feet.", "content": "Deformities of the feet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038765"}
{"pmid": "1038772", "title": "Membership of a community health council.", "content": "Membership of a community health council.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038772"}
{"pmid": "1038771", "title": "The effects of hair cosmetics.", "content": "The effects of hair cosmetics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038771"}
{"pmid": "1038773", "title": "Rehabilitation and the district nurse.", "content": "Rehabilitation and the district nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038773"}
{"pmid": "1038774", "title": "The two faces of general practice.", "content": "The two faces of general practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038774"}
{"pmid": "1038775", "title": "A visit to Sweden.", "content": "A visit to Sweden.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038775"}
{"pmid": "1038776", "title": "Family practice nurse.", "content": "Family practice nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038776"}
{"pmid": "1038778", "title": "Focus on the quality oflife.", "content": "Focus on the quality oflife.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038778"}
{"pmid": "1038777", "title": "Return from overseas visit.", "content": "Return from overseas visit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038777"}
{"pmid": "1038799", "title": "Rotating tourniquets: how effective in left heart failure?", "content": "Rotating tourniquets: how effective in left heart failure?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038799"}
{"pmid": "1038801", "title": "Add another: NICUs make their debut.", "content": "Add another: NICUs make their debut.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038801"}
{"pmid": "1038800", "title": "Rotating tourniquets: the nurse's role.", "content": "Rotating tourniquets: the nurse's role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038800"}
{"pmid": "1038802", "title": "Reconstruction of external genitalia in bladder exstrophy.", "content": "Reconstruction of external genitalia in bladder exstrophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038802"}
{"pmid": "1038803", "title": "Your OR gown: barrier or gateway for bacteria?", "content": "Your OR gown: barrier or gateway for bacteria?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038803"}
{"pmid": "1038804", "title": "New approach to intractable pain.", "content": "New approach to intractable pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038804"}
{"pmid": "1038805", "title": "Mature or immature? Assessing gestational age.", "content": "Mature or immature? Assessing gestational age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038805"}
{"pmid": "1038806", "title": "Reducing the patient's fear of the recovery room.", "content": "Reducing the patient's fear of the recovery room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038806"}
{"pmid": "1038807", "title": "RN survey of night nurses. Part 3. Night nurse: at the center of a team.", "content": "RN survey of night nurses. Part 3. Night nurse: at the center of a team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038807"}
{"pmid": "1038808", "title": "What nurses need to know about hypnosis.", "content": "What nurses need to know about hypnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038808"}
{"pmid": "1038810", "title": "Managing your money. Your 1975 budget: plan well to spend wisely.", "content": "Managing your money. Your 1975 budget: plan well to spend wisely.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038810"}
{"pmid": "1038809", "title": "Drug therapy today. Keeping up with venereal disease.", "content": "Drug therapy today. Keeping up with venereal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038809"}
{"pmid": "1038811", "title": "Can you recognize heart sounds in diastole?", "content": "Can you recognize heart sounds in diastole?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038811"}
{"pmid": "1038812", "title": "Let psychiatric R.N.s do ED consultations?", "content": "Let psychiatric R.N.s do ED consultations?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038812"}
{"pmid": "1038813", "title": "Emergency treatment of neck injuries.", "content": "Emergency treatment of neck injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038813"}
{"pmid": "1038814", "title": "Are routine admission signs really reliable?", "content": "Are routine admission signs really reliable?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038814"}
{"pmid": "1038817", "title": "Four distinctive views of the dying patient. What is a day of life worth?", "content": "Four distinctive views of the dying patient. What is a day of life worth?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038817"}
{"pmid": "1038815", "title": "Basic surgery. 4. Surgery for peptic ulcer.", "content": "Basic surgery. 4. Surgery for peptic ulcer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038815"}
{"pmid": "1038816", "title": "How nursing leaders see your expanding role.", "content": "How nursing leaders see your expanding role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038816"}
{"pmid": "1038818", "title": "Four distinctive views of the dying patient. \"Turn the respirator off and let Danny die\".", "content": "Four distinctive views of the dying patient. \"Turn the respirator off and let Danny die\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038818"}
{"pmid": "1038819", "title": "Four distinctive views of the dying patient. Managing terminal care of herself.", "content": "Four distinctive views of the dying patient. Managing terminal care of herself.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038819"}
{"pmid": "1038820", "title": "Orthopedic nursing. Part 3. Control of pain in orthopedic patients.", "content": "Orthopedic nursing. Part 3. Control of pain in orthopedic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038820"}
{"pmid": "1038822", "title": "Funny things happen on the way to becoming a nurse.", "content": "Funny things happen on the way to becoming a nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038822"}
{"pmid": "1038821", "title": "The lingering danger of head injuries.", "content": "The lingering danger of head injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038821"}
{"pmid": "1038823", "title": "Reducing the risk in relocating the elderly.", "content": "Reducing the risk in relocating the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038823"}
{"pmid": "1038825", "title": "Managing your money. Giving your house more than a spring cleaning.", "content": "Managing your money. Giving your house more than a spring cleaning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038825"}
{"pmid": "1038824", "title": "Understanding and treating cardiogenic shock.", "content": "Understanding and treating cardiogenic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038824"}
{"pmid": "1038826", "title": "Experiments in nursing: spotting coronary risks among the healthy.", "content": "Experiments in nursing: spotting coronary risks among the healthy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038826"}
{"pmid": "1038827", "title": "Tips from the surgical ICU: how to head off respiratory crisis.", "content": "Tips from the surgical ICU: how to head off respiratory crisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038827"}
{"pmid": "1038828", "title": "A reappraisal of fever in acute MI.", "content": "A reappraisal of fever in acute MI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038828"}
{"pmid": "1038829", "title": "Treating the drug abuser in the ED.", "content": "Treating the drug abuser in the ED.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038829"}
{"pmid": "1038831", "title": "Autotransfusion: promising alternative to donor blood.", "content": "Autotransfusion: promising alternative to donor blood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038831"}
{"pmid": "1038830", "title": "Managing your money. Restoring the art of department-store shopping.", "content": "Managing your money. Restoring the art of department-store shopping.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038830"}
{"pmid": "1038832", "title": "Handling the difficult patient. Five days of abuse was enough.", "content": "Handling the difficult patient. Five days of abuse was enough.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038832"}
{"pmid": "1038833", "title": "Handling the difficult patient. Sometimes you need more than cooperation.", "content": "Handling the difficult patient. Sometimes you need more than cooperation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038833"}
{"pmid": "1038834", "title": "Handling the difficult patient. A lesson in caring - from a brat.", "content": "Handling the difficult patient. A lesson in caring - from a brat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038834"}
{"pmid": "1038835", "title": "Directing your care to the lupus patient's needs.", "content": "Directing your care to the lupus patient's needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038835"}
{"pmid": "1038836", "title": "For severe pain, self-medication on demand.", "content": "For severe pain, self-medication on demand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038836"}
{"pmid": "1038837", "title": "Adjusting medications for the needs of the elderly.", "content": "Adjusting medications for the needs of the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038837"}
{"pmid": "1038838", "title": "Expanding R.N. roles at the grass-roots level.", "content": "Expanding R.N. roles at the grass-roots level.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038838"}
{"pmid": "1038840", "title": "Supervisor overseas: Royal College of Nursing and ICN.", "content": "Supervisor overseas: Royal College of Nursing and ICN.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038840"}
{"pmid": "1038839", "title": "Law for the nurse supervisor: more about abortion decisions.", "content": "Law for the nurse supervisor: more about abortion decisions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038839"}
{"pmid": "1038841", "title": "JCHA (Joint Commission Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals) accreditation. Part 2.", "content": "JCHA (Joint Commission Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals) accreditation. Part 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038841"}
{"pmid": "1038842", "title": "Counter-aggression toward patients: the hidden enemy.", "content": "Counter-aggression toward patients: the hidden enemy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038842"}
{"pmid": "1038843", "title": "Matching personalities with position: a study of job satisfaction.", "content": "Matching personalities with position: a study of job satisfaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038843"}
{"pmid": "1038844", "title": "Editorial: Malfunction in the \"joint\".", "content": "Editorial: Malfunction in the \"joint\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038844"}
{"pmid": "1038845", "title": "The extended work day--two years later.", "content": "The extended work day--two years later.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038845"}
{"pmid": "1038847", "title": "Keeping fit with Bonnie.", "content": "Keeping fit with Bonnie.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038847"}
{"pmid": "1038846", "title": "Happiness is nursing ... if ...", "content": "Happiness is nursing ... if ...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038846"}
{"pmid": "1038848", "title": "An old concept brought up-to-date.", "content": "An old concept brought up-to-date.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038848"}
{"pmid": "1038849", "title": "Continuing education: making certain that it works.", "content": "Continuing education: making certain that it works.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038849"}
{"pmid": "1038850", "title": "Point--O.R. nursing becoming extinct?", "content": "Point--O.R. nursing becoming extinct?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038850"}
{"pmid": "1038851", "title": "Counterpoint--work together for survival.", "content": "Counterpoint--work together for survival.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038851"}
{"pmid": "1038852", "title": "Necrotizing enterocolitis.", "content": "Necrotizing enterocolitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038852"}
{"pmid": "1038854", "title": "Occupational health nursing in the hospital setting.", "content": "Occupational health nursing in the hospital setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038854"}
{"pmid": "1038853", "title": "Emotional aspects of hospitalised children.", "content": "Emotional aspects of hospitalised children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038853"}
{"pmid": "1038857", "title": "The role of the occupational health nurse in the lead-using industry.", "content": "The role of the occupational health nurse in the lead-using industry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038857"}
{"pmid": "1038861", "title": "Daily care of the newborn infant with reference to early warning signs of complications.", "content": "Daily care of the newborn infant with reference to early warning signs of complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038861"}
{"pmid": "1038860", "title": "Gamma radiation sterilisation.", "content": "Gamma radiation sterilisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038860"}
{"pmid": "1038867", "title": "JCAH (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals) accreditation. Part 1.", "content": "JCAH (Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals) accreditation. Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038867"}
{"pmid": "1038868", "title": "A management course revisited.", "content": "A management course revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038868"}
{"pmid": "1038869", "title": "Hospital disinfection of thermometers.", "content": "Hospital disinfection of thermometers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038869"}
{"pmid": "1038870", "title": "Learning tools selection.", "content": "Learning tools selection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038870"}
{"pmid": "1038871", "title": "I traveled the mastectomy road.", "content": "I traveled the mastectomy road.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038871"}
{"pmid": "1038872", "title": "Supervisor overseas: pay rises for UK nurses.", "content": "Supervisor overseas: pay rises for UK nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038872"}
{"pmid": "1038873", "title": "Legality of the problem-oriented chart.", "content": "Legality of the problem-oriented chart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038873"}
{"pmid": "1038874", "title": "Letters to the Editor: Power, freedom and professional practice in nursing.", "content": "Letters to the Editor: Power, freedom and professional practice in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038874"}
{"pmid": "1038875", "title": "The art and science of supervision. Alienation in the hospital.", "content": "The art and science of supervision. Alienation in the hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038875"}
{"pmid": "1038876", "title": "The ICN-RCN misunderstanding.", "content": "The ICN-RCN misunderstanding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038876"}
{"pmid": "1038877", "title": "Law for the nurse supervisor. Legal implications of PSRO's.", "content": "Law for the nurse supervisor. Legal implications of PSRO's.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038877"}
{"pmid": "1038878", "title": "Integrated staffing for a special care unit.", "content": "Integrated staffing for a special care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038878"}
{"pmid": "1038879", "title": "A skills check list for orientation of associate degree nurses.", "content": "A skills check list for orientation of associate degree nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038879"}
{"pmid": "1038880", "title": "Call me Miss!!", "content": "Call me Miss!!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038880"}
{"pmid": "1038882", "title": "A new oral electrolyte in calf scours therapy.", "content": "A new oral electrolyte in calf scours therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038882"}
{"pmid": "1038881", "title": "The effective use of the clinical specialist.", "content": "The effective use of the clinical specialist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038881"}
{"pmid": "1038884", "title": "Early pregnancy diagnosis in swine.", "content": "Early pregnancy diagnosis in swine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038884"}
{"pmid": "1038885", "title": "A new mink enteritis: an initial report.", "content": "A new mink enteritis: an initial report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038885"}
{"pmid": "1038883", "title": "Benzathine cloxacillin intramammary infusion for treatment of mastitis in dry cows.", "content": "Benzathine cloxacillin intramammary infusion for treatment of mastitis in dry cows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038883"}
{"pmid": "1038886", "title": "Primary renal amyloidosis in a cow.", "content": "Primary renal amyloidosis in a cow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038886"}
{"pmid": "1038887", "title": "A simple cryosurgical unit for treatment of animal tumors.", "content": "A simple cryosurgical unit for treatment of animal tumors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038887"}
{"pmid": "1038890", "title": "High-voltage electric shock in a cat.", "content": "High-voltage electric shock in a cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038890"}
{"pmid": "1038891", "title": "Necropsy findings of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism in a 1-year-old dog.", "content": "Necropsy findings of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism in a 1-year-old dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038891"}
{"pmid": "1038888", "title": "Meningioma in a young dog resulting in blindness and retinal degeneration.", "content": "Meningioma in a young dog resulting in blindness and retinal degeneration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038888"}
{"pmid": "1038889", "title": "Cardiomyopathy and thromboembolism in the cat.", "content": "Cardiomyopathy and thromboembolism in the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038889"}
{"pmid": "1038892", "title": "Surgical correction of medial patellar luxation: tibial crest transplantation and trochlear arthroplasty.", "content": "Surgical correction of medial patellar luxation: tibial crest transplantation and trochlear arthroplasty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038892"}
{"pmid": "1038894", "title": "Collection of stallion semen.", "content": "Collection of stallion semen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038894"}
{"pmid": "1038893", "title": "Ultrastructural pathology of lung worm (Filaroides milksi) infection in a dog.", "content": "Ultrastructural pathology of lung worm (Filaroides milksi) infection in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038893"}
{"pmid": "1038895", "title": "Electrophoretic pattern of serum protein in clinically normal horses and ponies with laminitis.", "content": "Electrophoretic pattern of serum protein in clinically normal horses and ponies with laminitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038895"}
{"pmid": "1038896", "title": "Mental inertia: how to overcome it.", "content": "Mental inertia: how to overcome it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038896"}
{"pmid": "1038898", "title": "Close-up and flash photography.", "content": "Close-up and flash photography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038898"}
{"pmid": "1038897", "title": "For a worry-free retirement start planning early.", "content": "For a worry-free retirement start planning early.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038897"}
{"pmid": "1038899", "title": "Management of critically injured patients.", "content": "Management of critically injured patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038899"}
{"pmid": "1038900", "title": "Smoke inhalation in the dog: current concepts of pathophysiology and management.", "content": "Smoke inhalation in the dog: current concepts of pathophysiology and management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038900"}
{"pmid": "1038902", "title": "Paracostal exposure for correction of diaphragmatic hernia.", "content": "Paracostal exposure for correction of diaphragmatic hernia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038902"}
{"pmid": "1038901", "title": "Feline anthelmintics: a comparative evaluation of six products.", "content": "Feline anthelmintics: a comparative evaluation of six products.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038901"}
{"pmid": "1038903", "title": "Surgical repair of cleft palate.", "content": "Surgical repair of cleft palate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038903"}
{"pmid": "1038904", "title": "Surgical procedure for selective removal of canine fetuses at mid-term and beyond without effecting abortion (application in deafness research).", "content": "Surgical procedure for selective removal of canine fetuses at mid-term and beyond without effecting abortion (application in deafness research).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038904"}
{"pmid": "1038905", "title": "Bovine virus diarrhea vaccines. A comparison of two virus strains.", "content": "Bovine virus diarrhea vaccines. A comparison of two virus strains.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038905"}
{"pmid": "1038906", "title": "A note on the mastitis, metritis and agalactia syndrome in sows in Israel.", "content": "A note on the mastitis, metritis and agalactia syndrome in sows in Israel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038906"}
{"pmid": "1038908", "title": "Severe equine pleuritis due to wire penetration.", "content": "Severe equine pleuritis due to wire penetration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038908"}
{"pmid": "1038909", "title": "Cuterebra infestation of the conjunctiva in a puppy.", "content": "Cuterebra infestation of the conjunctiva in a puppy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038909"}
{"pmid": "1038907", "title": "Intramedullary pinning of femoral fracture in a calf/a photo essay.", "content": "Intramedullary pinning of femoral fracture in a calf/a photo essay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038907"}
{"pmid": "1038911", "title": "How to educate the non-reader.", "content": "How to educate the non-reader.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038911"}
{"pmid": "1038910", "title": "The white-tiger enigma.", "content": "The white-tiger enigma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038910"}
{"pmid": "1038913", "title": "Editorial: Duties and position of the nurse.", "content": "Editorial: Duties and position of the nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038913"}
{"pmid": "1038912", "title": "Life insurance for the sole proprietor.", "content": "Life insurance for the sole proprietor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038912"}
{"pmid": "1038914", "title": "Whither nursing.", "content": "Whither nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038914"}
{"pmid": "1038915", "title": "Public Health Nurses Working Party.", "content": "Public Health Nurses Working Party.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038915"}
{"pmid": "1038947", "title": "Nurse anesthetist-anesthesiologist relationships: past, present, and implications for the future.", "content": "Nurse anesthetist-anesthesiologist relationships: past, present, and implications for the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038947"}
{"pmid": "1038948", "title": "Utilizing local spray intubation.", "content": "Utilizing local spray intubation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038948"}
{"pmid": "1038949", "title": "Successful intervention of malignant hyperpyrexia.", "content": "Successful intervention of malignant hyperpyrexia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038949"}
{"pmid": "1038950", "title": "A case study of the transurethral resection of the prostate gland.", "content": "A case study of the transurethral resection of the prostate gland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038950"}
{"pmid": "1038951", "title": "Solidarity with the profession. The protection of all nurses in employment policies.", "content": "Solidarity with the profession. The protection of all nurses in employment policies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038951"}
{"pmid": "1038952", "title": "Children too have rights!", "content": "Children too have rights!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038952"}
{"pmid": "1038954", "title": "Treating tuberculosis infection.", "content": "Treating tuberculosis infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038954"}
{"pmid": "1038955", "title": "Health maintenance organizations: are HMOs the answer to your medical needs?", "content": "Health maintenance organizations: are HMOs the answer to your medical needs?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038955"}
{"pmid": "1038956", "title": "Lung disease in children.", "content": "Lung disease in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038956"}
{"pmid": "1038957", "title": "A nurse shows how to help the patient stop smoking.", "content": "A nurse shows how to help the patient stop smoking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038957"}
{"pmid": "1038958", "title": "Cigarette smoking, an American tragedy.", "content": "Cigarette smoking, an American tragedy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038958"}
{"pmid": "1038953", "title": "A totally new classification of tuberculosis.", "content": "A totally new classification of tuberculosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038953"}
{"pmid": "1038959", "title": "This doctor is firm: \"I advise my patients not to smoke\".", "content": "This doctor is firm: \"I advise my patients not to smoke\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038959"}
{"pmid": "1038960", "title": "Editorial: Should Federation be a nursing superorganization?", "content": "Editorial: Should Federation be a nursing superorganization?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038960"}
{"pmid": "1038961", "title": "Advice for nurses planning OR inservice programs.", "content": "Advice for nurses planning OR inservice programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038961"}
{"pmid": "1038962", "title": "Change now creates the future.", "content": "Change now creates the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038962"}
{"pmid": "1038963", "title": "Recovery room: past, present, and future.", "content": "Recovery room: past, present, and future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038963"}
{"pmid": "1038964", "title": "Body image and surgical alterations.", "content": "Body image and surgical alterations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038964"}
{"pmid": "1038965", "title": "A dialogue in adult learning.", "content": "A dialogue in adult learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038965"}
{"pmid": "1038966", "title": "Anesthesia, methods to recovery.", "content": "Anesthesia, methods to recovery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038966"}
{"pmid": "1038967", "title": "A therapeutic community for the dying.", "content": "A therapeutic community for the dying.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038967"}
{"pmid": "1038968", "title": "Nurses concerned with hazards of waste gases.", "content": "Nurses concerned with hazards of waste gases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038968"}
{"pmid": "1038969", "title": "Criterion--referenced teaching and testing.", "content": "Criterion--referenced teaching and testing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038969"}
{"pmid": "1038970", "title": "The impact of nursing diagnosis.", "content": "The impact of nursing diagnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038970"}
{"pmid": "1038971", "title": "Establishing, implementing, and enforcing OR policies.", "content": "Establishing, implementing, and enforcing OR policies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038971"}
{"pmid": "1038972", "title": "Baromedical nursing combines critical, acute, chronic care.", "content": "Baromedical nursing combines critical, acute, chronic care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038972"}
{"pmid": "1038973", "title": "Basics of packaging.", "content": "Basics of packaging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038973"}
{"pmid": "1038974", "title": "A sharing of daily routine at SL/TCH/THI (St. Luke's, Texas Children's Hospital, Texas Heart Institute).", "content": "A sharing of daily routine at SL/TCH/THI (St. Luke's, Texas Children's Hospital, Texas Heart Institute).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038974"}
{"pmid": "1038975", "title": "Editorial: Who wins in malpractice sweepstakes?", "content": "Editorial: Who wins in malpractice sweepstakes?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038975"}
{"pmid": "1038976", "title": "Guest editorial: Barrier standards are statements of principle.", "content": "Guest editorial: Barrier standards are statements of principle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038976"}
{"pmid": "1038977", "title": "Self-actualizing nurse upsets, yet enriches OR.", "content": "Self-actualizing nurse upsets, yet enriches OR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1038977"}
{"pmid": "1039006", "title": "Retention and withdrawal of student nurses.", "content": "Retention and withdrawal of student nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039006"}
{"pmid": "1039007", "title": "Creating a healthy institutional environment for the elderly via behavior management: The nurse as a change agent.", "content": "Creating a healthy institutional environment for the elderly via behavior management: The nurse as a change agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039007"}
{"pmid": "1039013", "title": "A neuropharmacologic approach to self-mutilating behavior.", "content": "A neuropharmacologic approach to self-mutilating behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039013"}
{"pmid": "1039015", "title": "No-fault insurance for malpractice?", "content": "No-fault insurance for malpractice?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039015"}
{"pmid": "1039014", "title": "When IRS picks your return for an audit.", "content": "When IRS picks your return for an audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039014"}
{"pmid": "1039018", "title": "Radiographic signs of early Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.", "content": "Radiographic signs of early Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039018"}
{"pmid": "1039016", "title": "Hypertension: diagnosis and management guidelines.", "content": "Hypertension: diagnosis and management guidelines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039016"}
{"pmid": "1039017", "title": "Hemoglobin levels in the first year of life.", "content": "Hemoglobin levels in the first year of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039017"}
{"pmid": "1039019", "title": "Intrathoracic splenosis: report of a case.", "content": "Intrathoracic splenosis: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039019"}
{"pmid": "1039020", "title": "Obstruction by orange phytobezoar following partial gastrectomy: report of a case.", "content": "Obstruction by orange phytobezoar following partial gastrectomy: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039020"}
{"pmid": "1039009", "title": "Professional process task analysis: use of theory.", "content": "Professional process task analysis: use of theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039009"}
{"pmid": "1039021", "title": "Abdominal pregnancy: report of a case with review of the literature.", "content": "Abdominal pregnancy: report of a case with review of the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039021"}
{"pmid": "1039011", "title": "Registered nurse/licensed practical nurse orientation program.", "content": "Registered nurse/licensed practical nurse orientation program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039011"}
{"pmid": "1039010", "title": "Health manpower education and training role and responsibility of hospitals and other health care agencies.", "content": "Health manpower education and training role and responsibility of hospitals and other health care agencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039010"}
{"pmid": "1039022", "title": "Lesioned behavior in the upper thoracic area of the established hypertensive: a clinical survey of 1,000 patients.", "content": "Lesioned behavior in the upper thoracic area of the established hypertensive: a clinical survey of 1,000 patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039022"}
{"pmid": "1039012", "title": "An editorial exploration:--A profile on ERIC; Educational Resources Information Center.", "content": "An editorial exploration:--A profile on ERIC; Educational Resources Information Center.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039012"}
{"pmid": "1039023", "title": "Skin points of anomalously low electric resistance: current-voltage characteristics and relationships to peripheral stimulation therapies.", "content": "Skin points of anomalously low electric resistance: current-voltage characteristics and relationships to peripheral stimulation therapies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039023"}
{"pmid": "1039024", "title": "Trophic effects of nerve extracts on growth of myoblasts.", "content": "Trophic effects of nerve extracts on growth of myoblasts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039024"}
{"pmid": "1039026", "title": "An ultrastructural investigation of the trophic role of the nerve in development and maintenance of muscle.", "content": "An ultrastructural investigation of the trophic role of the nerve in development and maintenance of muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039026"}
{"pmid": "1039025", "title": "Assessment of pulmonary edema in acute congestive heart failure with impedance cardiography.", "content": "Assessment of pulmonary edema in acute congestive heart failure with impedance cardiography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039025"}
{"pmid": "1039027", "title": "Effect of experimental dermatophyte infection on cutaneous flora.", "content": "Effect of experimental dermatophyte infection on cutaneous flora. The cutaneous aerobic bacterial flora was monitored during the course of experimental dermatiphyte (ringworm) infections on the forearms of 9 volunteers. Micrococcaceae were identified by the new Baird-Parker classification with the aid of a replica-plating technique. There were significant differences in total populations but not in kinds of flora compared with control (opposite) forearms. The proportion of penicillin-resistant microorganisms, however increased the infection, to a degree which varied as to individual. All coccal groups were affected; resistant flora diminished when the fungus was no longer DETECTED. Staphylococci were more frequently isolated than micrococci on the infected areas, but Staphylococcus aureus was not found. Trends toward hierarchies in persistance and quantities IV were observed among the flora, with Staphylococcus subgroups II and dominating the infected sites. On both areas almost all diphtheroids were nonfluorescent, lipophilic, and lipolytic. One subject consistently carried Bacillus firmus; another's normal microbiota contained Alcaligenes faecalis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039027"}
{"pmid": "1039008", "title": "Organizational dilemmas in the changing field of adult education.", "content": "Organizational dilemmas in the changing field of adult education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039008"}
{"pmid": "1039028", "title": "Labor relations and the nursing leader. Strike with honor.", "content": "Labor relations and the nursing leader. Strike with honor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039028"}
{"pmid": "1039029", "title": "A contemporary organizational design for maternal and infant care projects.", "content": "A contemporary organizational design for maternal and infant care projects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039029"}
{"pmid": "1039030", "title": "Nursing manpower: issues and trends.", "content": "Nursing manpower: issues and trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039030"}
{"pmid": "1039031", "title": "\"Bed and bath teams\": one solution to the weekend staffing shortage.", "content": "\"Bed and bath teams\": one solution to the weekend staffing shortage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039031"}
{"pmid": "1039032", "title": "The hospital setting and patient care outcomes. Part II.", "content": "The hospital setting and patient care outcomes. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039032"}
{"pmid": "1039033", "title": "Editorial: Quality of life.", "content": "Editorial: Quality of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039033"}
{"pmid": "1039034", "title": "Nutritional considerations in radiation and chemotherapy.", "content": "Nutritional considerations in radiation and chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039034"}
{"pmid": "1039035", "title": "Cancer of the colon and rectum: cure or crisis. Part III. Appliances.", "content": "Cancer of the colon and rectum: cure or crisis. Part III. Appliances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039035"}
{"pmid": "1039036", "title": "Collective bargaining: what's it all about and what can it do for you? III.", "content": "Collective bargaining: what's it all about and what can it do for you? III.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039036"}
{"pmid": "1039037", "title": "Inside inflammatory bowel disease.", "content": "Inside inflammatory bowel disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039037"}
{"pmid": "1039038", "title": "Role reversal can be rugged. When your patient is a nurse.", "content": "Role reversal can be rugged. When your patient is a nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039038"}
{"pmid": "1039039", "title": "Office nursing; exciting, expanding, demanding.", "content": "Office nursing; exciting, expanding, demanding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039039"}
{"pmid": "1039040", "title": "I need a friend.", "content": "I need a friend.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039040"}
{"pmid": "1039042", "title": "Child abuse in the school-age population.", "content": "Child abuse in the school-age population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039042"}
{"pmid": "1039043", "title": "What the school health team should know about sickle cell anemia.", "content": "What the school health team should know about sickle cell anemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039043"}
{"pmid": "1039044", "title": "Health education research: accomplishment or exercise.", "content": "Health education research: accomplishment or exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039044"}
{"pmid": "1039045", "title": "Development of an instrument to measure attitudes toward the personal use of premarital contraception.", "content": "Development of an instrument to measure attitudes toward the personal use of premarital contraception.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039045"}
{"pmid": "1039046", "title": "Growth in disadvantaged black children.", "content": "Growth in disadvantaged black children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039046"}
{"pmid": "1039047", "title": "Health instruction practices and problems of selected New York City elementary school teachers.", "content": "Health instruction practices and problems of selected New York City elementary school teachers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039047"}
{"pmid": "1039049", "title": "Dangers of baby feeds that are too concentrated.", "content": "Dangers of baby feeds that are too concentrated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039049"}
{"pmid": "1039048", "title": "Role relationships in a school health interdisciplinary team.", "content": "Role relationships in a school health interdisciplinary team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039048"}
{"pmid": "1039050", "title": "Active management of labour.", "content": "Active management of labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039050"}
{"pmid": "1039051", "title": "Attitudes of a group of mothers to breast feeding. Part I.", "content": "Attitudes of a group of mothers to breast feeding. Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039051"}
{"pmid": "1039053", "title": "Review of infant foods. RCM recommendations.", "content": "Review of infant foods. RCM recommendations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039053"}
{"pmid": "1039052", "title": "A time to be born.", "content": "A time to be born.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039052"}
{"pmid": "1039054", "title": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session 4: labour.", "content": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Session 4: labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039054"}
{"pmid": "1039055", "title": "Whitley Council agreement on annual leave and public holidays.", "content": "Whitley Council agreement on annual leave and public holidays.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039055"}
{"pmid": "1039056", "title": "The midwifery profession in France.", "content": "The midwifery profession in France.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039056"}
{"pmid": "1039057", "title": "HMS etcetera.", "content": "HMS etcetera.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039057"}
{"pmid": "1039058", "title": "Treatment of industrial injury: hospital or OH service?", "content": "Treatment of industrial injury: hospital or OH service?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039058"}
{"pmid": "1039059", "title": "Practitioners' duties.", "content": "Practitioners' duties.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039059"}
{"pmid": "1039060", "title": "OH in Europe. 4. Italy.", "content": "OH in Europe. 4. Italy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039060"}
{"pmid": "1039061", "title": "The need to evaluate OH.", "content": "The need to evaluate OH.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039061"}
{"pmid": "1039067", "title": "Selecting the software.", "content": "Selecting the software.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039067"}
{"pmid": "1039068", "title": "Editorial: Message from the President.", "content": "Editorial: Message from the President.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039068"}
{"pmid": "1039069", "title": "Clinical knowledge: a needed curriculum emphasis.", "content": "Clinical knowledge: a needed curriculum emphasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039069"}
{"pmid": "1039070", "title": "From invisibility to blackness: the story of the National Black Nurses' Association.", "content": "From invisibility to blackness: the story of the National Black Nurses' Association.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039070"}
{"pmid": "1039071", "title": "A model for clinical evaluation.", "content": "A model for clinical evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039071"}
{"pmid": "1039072", "title": "The Soviet nurse emigré in Israel.", "content": "The Soviet nurse emigré in Israel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039072"}
{"pmid": "1039073", "title": "A nursing course for medical students.", "content": "A nursing course for medical students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039073"}
{"pmid": "1039074", "title": "Continuing education for the specialty nurse.", "content": "Continuing education for the specialty nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039074"}
{"pmid": "1039075", "title": "Acupuncture ...in your hospital?", "content": "Acupuncture ...in your hospital?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039075"}
{"pmid": "1039076", "title": "The Child Health Conference.", "content": "The Child Health Conference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039076"}
{"pmid": "1039077", "title": "Jasper.", "content": "Jasper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039077"}
{"pmid": "1039083", "title": "Exploration of the emotional feelings of the elderly confined to a nursing home.", "content": "Exploration of the emotional feelings of the elderly confined to a nursing home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039083"}
{"pmid": "1039079", "title": "A study of the use of hypnotics and tranquilizers.", "content": "A study of the use of hypnotics and tranquilizers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039079"}
{"pmid": "1039082", "title": "What makes successful aging?", "content": "What makes successful aging?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039082"}
{"pmid": "1039081", "title": "The medical director in the long-term care facility.", "content": "The medical director in the long-term care facility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039081"}
{"pmid": "1039080", "title": "Never too old to vote.", "content": "Never too old to vote.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039080"}
{"pmid": "1039197", "title": "Elimination of ipronidazole from the tissues of swine.", "content": "Elimination of ipronidazole from the tissues of swine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039197"}
{"pmid": "1039198", "title": "Cutaneous horn on a Hereford cow.", "content": "Cutaneous horn on a Hereford cow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039198"}
{"pmid": "1039199", "title": "Perirenal edema in swine- caused by ingestion of amaranthus retroflexus (pigweed).", "content": "Perirenal edema in swine- caused by ingestion of amaranthus retroflexus (pigweed).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039199"}
{"pmid": "1039200", "title": "Wildlife photography.", "content": "Wildlife photography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039200"}
{"pmid": "1039201", "title": "Corneolombal squamous cell carcinoma in a horse.", "content": "Corneolombal squamous cell carcinoma in a horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039201"}
{"pmid": "1039203", "title": "An anti-lick device.", "content": "An anti-lick device.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039203"}
{"pmid": "1039204", "title": "Myopathy in three dogs.", "content": "Myopathy in three dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039204"}
{"pmid": "1039205", "title": "Transplantation of the fascia lata to repair dorsal capsular tears to the hip joint after traumatic dislocation.", "content": "Transplantation of the fascia lata to repair dorsal capsular tears to the hip joint after traumatic dislocation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039205"}
{"pmid": "1039196", "title": "The rewards of apathy.", "content": "The rewards of apathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039196"}
{"pmid": "1039202", "title": "Treatment of canine paragonimiasis with bithionol acetate.", "content": "Treatment of canine paragonimiasis with bithionol acetate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039202"}
{"pmid": "1039206", "title": "Surgical relief for urethral obstruction due to sabulous calculi in the male cat.", "content": "Surgical relief for urethral obstruction due to sabulous calculi in the male cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039206"}
{"pmid": "1039207", "title": "A new method of abdominal & thoracic paracentesis in the dog and cat.", "content": "A new method of abdominal & thoracic paracentesis in the dog and cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039207"}
{"pmid": "1039208", "title": "Clinical trials with Tresaderm in cats.", "content": "Clinical trials with Tresaderm in cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039208"}
{"pmid": "1039209", "title": "Use of ketamine for restraint & anesthesia of birds.", "content": "Use of ketamine for restraint & anesthesia of birds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039209"}
{"pmid": "1039210", "title": "Experimental use of aloe vera extract in clinical practice.", "content": "Experimental use of aloe vera extract in clinical practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039210"}
{"pmid": "1039211", "title": "Try an emotional air-conditioner in your practice.", "content": "Try an emotional air-conditioner in your practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039211"}
{"pmid": "1039212", "title": "Where and how to get building mortgage money.", "content": "Where and how to get building mortgage money.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039212"}
{"pmid": "1039246", "title": "Temporary cardiac pacemakers.", "content": "Temporary cardiac pacemakers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039246"}
{"pmid": "1039247", "title": "From student to staff nurse: a nurse internship program.", "content": "From student to staff nurse: a nurse internship program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039247"}
{"pmid": "1039249", "title": "Relieving airway obstruction in the recovery room.", "content": "Relieving airway obstruction in the recovery room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039249"}
{"pmid": "1039250", "title": "Control of violence in a mental health setting.", "content": "Control of violence in a mental health setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039250"}
{"pmid": "1039248", "title": "What rewards will keep nurses on the job?", "content": "What rewards will keep nurses on the job?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039248"}
{"pmid": "1039251", "title": "Skin assessment for color and temperature.", "content": "Skin assessment for color and temperature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039251"}
{"pmid": "1039252", "title": "Infant respiratory distress syndrome.", "content": "Infant respiratory distress syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039252"}
{"pmid": "1039253", "title": "Peer review in a health department.", "content": "Peer review in a health department.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039253"}
{"pmid": "1039254", "title": "Vasopressor agents in shock.", "content": "Vasopressor agents in shock. Critical hemodynamic changes that are observed with the reduction of blood pressure in shock and the use of vasopressor agents as a temporary measure for maintaining arterial pressure so that irreparable tissue damage can be prevented are considered in this review of the use and efficacy of vasopressor agents in shock.  Indications for adrenergic stimulators include severe hypotensive episodes, in which case an alpha-beta stimulator such as metaraminol or norepinephrine is the therapy of choice; hemorrhagic shock, in which administration of an alpha-beta stimulator will help maintain essential cerebral and cardiac function by shunting blood to these areas while volume is being replaced; cardiogenic shock, in which vasodilators may reduce cardiac work by reducing diastolic blood pressure but coronary blood flow will also be reduced, counteracting the effects of decreasing the cardiac load; and endotoxic shock, in which the circulating blood volume decreases and venous return and cardiac output also decrease.  Prolonged use of these agents in any of these shock situations is ultimately deleterious.  Vasopressor drugs are best used to treat acute hypotension that occurs in myocardial infarction; in such cses, vasopressors are used to keep the blood pressure within normal range, but only as adjunctive therapy.  In hemorrhagic shock, though norepinephrine administration may increase blood pressure, the only lasting treatment is to replace the blood as rapidly as possible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039254"}
{"pmid": "1039255", "title": "Teaching mental retardation nursing.", "content": "Teaching mental retardation nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039255"}
{"pmid": "1039256", "title": "Meeting the emotional needs of hemodialysis patients and their spouses.", "content": "Meeting the emotional needs of hemodialysis patients and their spouses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039256"}
{"pmid": "1039257", "title": "Group sessions for the wives of home-hemodialysis patients.", "content": "Group sessions for the wives of home-hemodialysis patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039257"}
{"pmid": "1039259", "title": "A paraplegic reflects.", "content": "A paraplegic reflects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039259"}
{"pmid": "1039258", "title": "Commitment to change in Colorado.", "content": "Commitment to change in Colorado.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039258"}
{"pmid": "1039261", "title": "What do you give and get in social secutiry?", "content": "What do you give and get in social secutiry?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039261"}
{"pmid": "1039260", "title": "Helping people stretch their grocery dollars.", "content": "Helping people stretch their grocery dollars.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039260"}
{"pmid": "1039263", "title": "Editorial: Documentary.", "content": "Editorial: Documentary.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039263"}
{"pmid": "1039262", "title": "Programmed instruction. Patient assessment: examination of the head and neck.", "content": "Programmed instruction. Patient assessment: examination of the head and neck.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039262"}
{"pmid": "1039264", "title": "Therapeutic touch: the imprimatur of nursing.", "content": "Therapeutic touch: the imprimatur of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039264"}
{"pmid": "1039265", "title": "Administering parenteral drugs.", "content": "Administering parenteral drugs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039265"}
{"pmid": "1039266", "title": "Family decision: a crucial factor in terminating life.", "content": "Family decision: a crucial factor in terminating life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039266"}
{"pmid": "1039267", "title": "Hyperkinesis and learning disabilities linked to artificial food flavors and colors.", "content": "Hyperkinesis and learning disabilities linked to artificial food flavors and colors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039267"}
{"pmid": "1039269", "title": "What do you say after you say Mm--hmm?", "content": "What do you say after you say Mm--hmm?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039269"}
{"pmid": "1039268", "title": "The nurse practitioner and the child on the Feingold DIET.", "content": "The nurse practitioner and the child on the Feingold DIET.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039268"}
{"pmid": "1039270", "title": "Loeb Center and its philosophy of nursing.", "content": "Loeb Center and its philosophy of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039270"}
{"pmid": "1039271", "title": "Central venous catherization.", "content": "Central venous catherization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039271"}
{"pmid": "1039272", "title": "Interdisciplinary education: is it valid?", "content": "Interdisciplinary education: is it valid?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039272"}
{"pmid": "1039273", "title": "\"I like being an FNP\".", "content": "\"I like being an FNP\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039273"}
{"pmid": "1039274", "title": "Catheterizing the maternity patient.", "content": "Catheterizing the maternity patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039274"}
{"pmid": "1039275", "title": "Crisis intervention in acute care areas.", "content": "Crisis intervention in acute care areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039275"}
{"pmid": "1039276", "title": "Care of an artificial eye.", "content": "Care of an artificial eye.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039276"}
{"pmid": "1039277", "title": "Parenting during hospitalization.", "content": "Parenting during hospitalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039277"}
{"pmid": "1039278", "title": "When does adequate insurance become inadequate?", "content": "When does adequate insurance become inadequate?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039278"}
{"pmid": "1039280", "title": "From chaos to a structured therapeutic community: treatment programme on Emiliehoeve, a farm for young addicts.", "content": "From chaos to a structured therapeutic community: treatment programme on Emiliehoeve, a farm for young addicts. Within two years a centre for young addicts emerged; from a chaotic situation where drug use was frequent a drug-free therapeutic community developed with a solid structure; encounter group techniques were the major therapeutic tool. The community is located on a farm providing a great variety of work situations. The evolution in this direction is described, pointing out the failings of several approaches attempted during the different phases of the programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039280"}
{"pmid": "1039279", "title": "A new experimental model for the study of morphinic analgesics.", "content": "A new experimental model for the study of morphinic analgesics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039279"}
{"pmid": "1039291", "title": "Loneliness--a consideration in community health.", "content": "Loneliness--a consideration in community health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039291"}
{"pmid": "1039290", "title": "New broad-spectrum penicillins.", "content": "New broad-spectrum penicillins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039290"}
{"pmid": "1039292", "title": "Why minorities in nursing?", "content": "Why minorities in nursing?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039292"}
{"pmid": "1039283", "title": "Understanding British addiction statistics.", "content": "Understanding British addiction statistics. The statistical data issued by the Home Office and Department of Health and Social Security are quite detailed and generally valid measures of hard core addiction in Great Britain (Judson, 1973). Since 1968, the main basis of these high quality British statistics is the routine reports filed by Drug Treatment Centres. The well-trained, experienced staff of these clinics make knowledgeable dicsions about a cleint's addiction, efficiently regulate dosage, and otherwise exert some degree of control over addicts (Judson, 1973; Johnson, 1974). The co-operation of police, courts, prison physicians, and general practitioners is also valuable in collecting data on drug addiction and convictions. Information presented in the tables above indicates that a rising problem of herion addiction between 1962 and 1967 were arrested by the introduction of the treatment clinics in 1968. Further, legally maintained heroin addiction has been reduced by almost one-third since 1968, since many herion addicts have been transferred to injectable methadone. The decline in herion prescribing and the relatively steady number of narcotics addicts has apparently occurred in the face of a continuing, and perhaps increasing, demand for heroin and other opiates. With few exceptions of a minor nature analysis of various tables suggests that the official statistics are internally consistent. There are apparently few \"hidden\" addicts, since few unknown addicts die of overdoses or are arrested by police (Lewis, 1973), although Blumberg (1974) indicates that some unknown users may exist. In addition, may opitate usersnot officially notified are known by clinic doctors as friends of addicts receiving prescriptions (Judson, 1973; Home Office, 1974). In brief, offical British drug statistics seem to be generally valid and demonstrate that heroin and perhaps methadone addiction has been well contained by the treatment clinics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039283"}
{"pmid": "1039293", "title": "Breakthrough has become of age.", "content": "Breakthrough has become of age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039293"}
{"pmid": "1039294", "title": "Eighty and alone: who will care?", "content": "Eighty and alone: who will care?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039294"}
{"pmid": "1039282", "title": "\"Drug abuse and its prevention\" as seen by the internation legal profession.", "content": "\"Drug abuse and its prevention\" as seen by the internation legal profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039282"}
{"pmid": "1039295", "title": "Students and change.", "content": "Students and change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039295"}
{"pmid": "1039285", "title": "Field and laboratory test for raw and prepared opium.", "content": "Field and laboratory test for raw and prepared opium. Two new colour tests for opium are described. These may be used alone, as field tests, or in combination with traditional tests rapidly to confirm raw or prepared opium. Absolute confirmation of opium by thin layer chromatography is also useful in the determination of origins. An alternative chromogen to the Dragedorff reagents is described, although iodoplatinate remains the preferred chromogen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039285"}
{"pmid": "1039284", "title": "Herion-caffeine-strychnine mixtures--where and why?", "content": "Herion-caffeine-strychnine mixtures--where and why?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039284"}
{"pmid": "1039296", "title": "A simple test for penicillinase in sputum.", "content": "A simple test for penicillinase in sputum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039296"}
{"pmid": "1039297", "title": "Some thoughts on an osteopathic curriculum.", "content": "Some thoughts on an osteopathic curriculum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039297"}
{"pmid": "1039281", "title": "Attitudes to drug users and to the use of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis on the campus of a provincial university.", "content": "Attitudes to drug users and to the use of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis on the campus of a provincial university.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039281"}
{"pmid": "1039298", "title": "D.O. portfolio.", "content": "D.O. portfolio.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039298"}
{"pmid": "1039301", "title": "The relevance of somatic dysfunction.", "content": "The relevance of somatic dysfunction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039301"}
{"pmid": "1039299", "title": "Colonoscopy: a review of 135 procedures.", "content": "Colonoscopy: a review of 135 procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039299"}
{"pmid": "1039300", "title": "Transient global amnesia.", "content": "Transient global amnesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039300"}
{"pmid": "1039303", "title": "Calcified renal artery aneurysm with arteriovenous fistula: report of a case.", "content": "Calcified renal artery aneurysm with arteriovenous fistula: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039303"}
{"pmid": "1039302", "title": "A logical approach for determination of fetal maturity in the community hospital.", "content": "A logical approach for determination of fetal maturity in the community hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039302"}
{"pmid": "1039304", "title": "Records to assist osteopathic physicians.", "content": "Records to assist osteopathic physicians.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039304"}
{"pmid": "1039286", "title": "The legacy of coronary care nursing.", "content": "The legacy of coronary care nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039286"}
{"pmid": "1039305", "title": "The influence of osteopathic manipulative therapy in the management of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.", "content": "The influence of osteopathic manipulative therapy in the management of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039305"}
{"pmid": "1039306", "title": "The need for education of the subject in clinical research.", "content": "The need for education of the subject in clinical research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039306"}
{"pmid": "1039307", "title": "Multidisciplinary evaluation of learning and behavior problems in children: a follow-up study of 40 cases.", "content": "Multidisciplinary evaluation of learning and behavior problems in children: a follow-up study of 40 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039307"}
{"pmid": "1039309", "title": "Antitrypsin activity in serum.", "content": "Antitrypsin activity in serum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039309"}
{"pmid": "1039308", "title": "The effect of race and income on one's interactions in the American society.", "content": "The effect of race and income on one's interactions in the American society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039308"}
{"pmid": "1039310", "title": "The purpose of biochemistry laboratory exercises in the medical curriculum: an identity crisis.", "content": "The purpose of biochemistry laboratory exercises in the medical curriculum: an identity crisis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039310"}
{"pmid": "1039312", "title": "Matrix organization: an alternative for clinical specialists.", "content": "Matrix organization: an alternative for clinical specialists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039312"}
{"pmid": "1039311", "title": "Inactivation of cefazolin, cephaloridine, and cephalothin by methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.", "content": "Inactivation of cefazolin, cephaloridine, and cephalothin by methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Cefazolin was more susceptible than cephaloridine and cephalothin to in vitro inactivation by coagulase-positive, penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Inactivation (which was greater with methicillin-resistant than with methicillin-sensitive strains) was demonstrated by assay of the antibiotics in broth cultures with simultaneous colony counts and by exposure of the antibiotics to penicillinase powders extracted from S. aureus. Cefazolin was destroyed to a greater extent than was cephaloridine, whereas cephalothin underwent little, if any, destruction. The clinical implications of this degradation, thought by some to be of importance for cephaloridine, might also apply to cefazolin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039311"}
{"pmid": "1039313", "title": "Labor relations and the nursing leader. Caught in the middle: nursing supervisors.", "content": "Labor relations and the nursing leader. Caught in the middle: nursing supervisors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039313"}
{"pmid": "1039314", "title": "Monitoring nursing care quality.", "content": "Monitoring nursing care quality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039314"}
{"pmid": "1039315", "title": "Career ladder program: a problem solving device.", "content": "Career ladder program: a problem solving device.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039315"}
{"pmid": "1039316", "title": "A system for determining appropriate nurse staffing.", "content": "A system for determining appropriate nurse staffing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039316"}
{"pmid": "1039317", "title": "Administrative evaluation of ambulatory care program effectiveness.", "content": "Administrative evaluation of ambulatory care program effectiveness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039317"}
{"pmid": "1039318", "title": "Certifying competencies of personnel.", "content": "Certifying competencies of personnel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039318"}
{"pmid": "1039320", "title": "Teen group-medical student seminar.", "content": "Teen group-medical student seminar.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039320"}
{"pmid": "1039319", "title": "Young Parents' Group.", "content": "Young Parents' Group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039319"}
{"pmid": "1039321", "title": "Sexual counseling; an approach to the integration of sexual counseling into the antepartal management of teenagers.", "content": "Sexual counseling; an approach to the integration of sexual counseling into the antepartal management of teenagers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039321"}
{"pmid": "1039322", "title": "Abortion counseling; what we need to know and why.", "content": "Abortion counseling; what we need to know and why.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039322"}
{"pmid": "1039323", "title": "Female urethral strictures and recurrent urinary tract infections. How to break the cycle.", "content": "Female urethral strictures and recurrent urinary tract infections. How to break the cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039323"}
{"pmid": "1039324", "title": "Disaster plan now in effect.", "content": "Disaster plan now in effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039324"}
{"pmid": "1039325", "title": "The importance of touch for patient and nurse.", "content": "The importance of touch for patient and nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039325"}
{"pmid": "1039326", "title": "Isolation isn't just a technique. Communicating with your deaf patient.", "content": "Isolation isn't just a technique. Communicating with your deaf patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039326"}
{"pmid": "1039327", "title": "Editorial: United we stand.", "content": "Editorial: United we stand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039327"}
{"pmid": "1039328", "title": "Reaching new heights in a new day. NAPNES 34th Annual Convention.", "content": "Reaching new heights in a new day. NAPNES 34th Annual Convention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039328"}
{"pmid": "1039330", "title": "Effect of plasmid carriage on the virulence of staphylococcus aureus.", "content": "Effect of plasmid carriage on the virulence of staphylococcus aureus. The possession of any of eight different plasmids by Staphylococcus aureus strain 649--either singly or simultaneously (in no. 649MR)--caused changes in growth kinetics. Six of the plasmids caused an increase in exponential doubling time (by 8-25%), and most also altered the duration of the lag period. Strain 649MR was significantly less virulent for 10-day chick embryos than the corresponding plasmid-negative culture (no. 649N). The avirulence persisted even after loss of the plasmids from no. 649MR. The presence of a single plasmid specifying tetracycline resistance produced a moderate reduction in virulence, but chromosomal tetracycline resistance had an insignificant effect on it. The decrease in virulence could not be attributed to reduced formation of soluble products. It probably resulted from alterations in the cell surface, but membrane-polypeptide profiles of virulent and avirulent cells lacking plasmids were similar. Survival of strains 649MR and 649N on glass was identical. Therefore, reduction in the incidence of staphylococcal sepsis may be due in part to loss of virulence that has resulted from plasmid carriage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039330"}
{"pmid": "1039329", "title": "Activity of amoxycillin against enterococci and synergism with aminoglycoside antibiotics.", "content": "Activity of amoxycillin against enterococci and synergism with aminoglycoside antibiotics. Amoxycillin was more active in vitro than ampicillin or benzylpenicillin against clinical isolates of enterococci. All 55 strains tested were sensitive to the three penicillins but 15 strains showed a high level of resistance to streptomycin and two of these were also insensitive to kanamycin. All strains were sensitive to gentamicin, which was the most active of the aminoglycoside antibiotics. The penicillins showed pronounced bactericidal activity against the enterococci but failed to sterilise cultures of these organisms. Combinations of penicillins and aminoglycosides invariably produced synergistic bactericidal effects which resulted in sterilisation of cultures of these organisms. Combinations of penicillins and aminoglycosides invariably produced synergistic bactericidal effects which resulted in sterilisation of cultures of enterococci provided that the strain was sensitive to the aminoglycoside moiety of the antibiotic combination. Synergism was not observed with a combination of a penicillin and an aminoglycoside when the enterococcus was resistant to the aminoglycoside. The data reported suggest that amoxycillin may have certain advantages, compared with ampicillin or benzylpenicillin, for the treatment of enterococcal infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039329"}
{"pmid": "1039332", "title": "Editorial: Mortality from nutritional deficiency.", "content": "Editorial: Mortality from nutritional deficiency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039332"}
{"pmid": "1039333", "title": "Evolution of breast feeding in Europe.", "content": "Evolution of breast feeding in Europe. During the first few decades of the 20th century infants in Europe were breastfed for 6 months or more; only during the 30s and 40s did breast feeding begin to decrease especially in those countries, as in Northern Europe, where child mortality had experienced a fast decline.  Information on the frequency and duration of breastfeeding in Europe is scant; one must also differentiate between whole breastfeeding and breast feeding supplemented by bottle feeding.  A study conducted in England in 1947--48 on 1142 infants showed that 58.85%, 33.3% and 22.2% were wholly breastfed at 1, 3, and 6 months, and that breast feeding was more common in professional families than in families of manual workers.  A similar study conducted in 1968 indicated that only 33% of mothers continued to breastfeed beyond the first 4 weeks.  In Poland breast feeding remained extremely popular until about 1930 when at least 90% of mothers breastfed for at least 1 month, after that frequency of breast feeding decreased to 79% in 1950, to 78% in 1960, and to 52% in 1964; figures for breast feeding at 3 and at 6 months are much lower.  The situation in Hungary appears to be much the same.  Breastfeeding practices started to decline in Sweden around 1940, and accelerated during the 1960s.  Factors which provoked a change in breastfeeding practices include changes in the social structure of the family, for example from the extended family to the nuclear family, changes in delivery conditions, improved knowledge about formula feeding, the impact of breast feeding techniques even by health personnel, changed attitudes about physical attributes such as breasts, and the high percentage of working mothers.  Physicians should encourage mothers to wholly breastfeed for 2-3 months, and then switch to mixed breast and formula feeding.  In underdeveloped countries mothers in conditions of extreme poverty and lack of hygiene should wholly breastfeed for at least 6 months.  Should breast feeding be abandoned at all we would see a decrease in the chance of survival of young children, despite improvement in living conditions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039333"}
{"pmid": "1039331", "title": "Variation in the properties of a strain of Staphylococcus aureus isolated over three months from a single hospital.", "content": "Variation in the properties of a strain of Staphylococcus aureus isolated over three months from a single hospital. A strain  of Staphylococcus aureus has been isolated from a hospital environment over 3 months. Every isolate was lysed by phage 77, had high-level resistance to streptomycin, and was resistant to about 250 pg per ml of both tetracycline and sulphonamide; a combination of sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim produced little bacteristatic synergy towards each isolate. All These organisms were thus considered to be \"the same\"; the variation in other properties was probably due to rapid evolutionary change in vivo. the variation in senxitivity to methicillin and neomycin, and the absence of penicillinase production in some isolates, probably indicated loss of the relevant genes. Several isolates had probably acquired resistance to lincomycin by a one-step mutatuon in vivo. The usefulness of lincomycin and analogues in treating staphylococcal infections seems limited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039331"}
{"pmid": "1039334", "title": "The prevalence of malnutrition amongst Malay pre-school children-comparative assessment by anthropometric indicators.", "content": "The prevalence of malnutrition amongst Malay pre-school children-comparative assessment by anthropometric indicators.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039334"}
{"pmid": "1039336", "title": "Family planning, maternal and child health, and nutrition with special reference to mothers and children. Guidelines for DEIDS planning-I. August 1973.", "content": "Family planning, maternal and child health, and nutrition with special reference to mothers and children. Guidelines for DEIDS planning-I. August 1973.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039336"}
{"pmid": "1039335", "title": "Strategy and plan of action to combat gastro-enteritis and malnutrition in children under two years of age. (Formulated as requested by Resolution No. 7 of the 5th Caribbean Health Ministers Conference, Dominica, February 1973.", "content": "Strategy and plan of action to combat gastro-enteritis and malnutrition in children under two years of age. (Formulated as requested by Resolution No. 7 of the 5th Caribbean Health Ministers Conference, Dominica, February 1973. The strategy and plan of action to combat gastroenteritis and malnutrtion in children under age 2 in the Caribbean is based on a 4-day Technical Group Meeting held in St. Vincent in January 1974 for this purpose.  7 overall goals -- expressed in terms of morbidity and mortality -- are to be achieved by 1980.  Widely distributed safe water supplies and adequate sewage and solid waste disposal are identified as the most urgent needs within the environmental health services.  Maternal and Child Health Services must be improved by adopting measures to increase their coverage and outreach into the community.  Improved staffing and training, better physical facilities, and upgraded surveillance techniques are among the needed improvements.  The importance of the role of family planning is stressed as is immunization.  Regarding the treatment of malnutrition and gastroenteritis, the need for a standardized practical management routine is to be met by the publication and distribution of a manual.  Coordinated action between the ministries of health and education is a prerequisite to the long overdue development of nutrition education in the schools.  The need for consumer education is also emphasized.  The strategy and plan of action aims at being sufficiently general to be applicable to all territories within the region, but directions and targets have been made specific wherever this seemed to be warranted and practicable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039335"}
{"pmid": "1039337", "title": "An evaluation of the educational benefits of nutritional rehabilitation centres as measured by the nutritional status of siblings.", "content": "An evaluation of the educational benefits of nutritional rehabilitation centres as measured by the nutritional status of siblings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039337"}
{"pmid": "1039338", "title": "The unfavourable trend in infant feeding.", "content": "The unfavourable trend in infant feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039338"}
{"pmid": "1039340", "title": "Physical and psychological growth and development.", "content": "Physical and psychological growth and development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039340"}
{"pmid": "1039339", "title": "The pattern of malnutrition in Zaria.", "content": "The pattern of malnutrition in Zaria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039339"}
{"pmid": "1039341", "title": "Role of maternal nutritional health and care in the development and personality of children in Africa.", "content": "Role of maternal nutritional health and care in the development and personality of children in Africa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039341"}
{"pmid": "1039342", "title": "Relationship between malnutrition and the nutrient content of staple food crops.", "content": "Relationship between malnutrition and the nutrient content of staple food crops.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039342"}
{"pmid": "1039343", "title": "Use of soya bean to improve the protein content of the diet in West Africa and thus prevent kwashiorkor.", "content": "Use of soya bean to improve the protein content of the diet in West Africa and thus prevent kwashiorkor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039343"}
{"pmid": "1039344", "title": "The Nigerian meal pattern.", "content": "The Nigerian meal pattern.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039344"}
{"pmid": "1039345", "title": "Measles and its problems as seen in Ghana.", "content": "Measles and its problems as seen in Ghana.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039345"}
{"pmid": "1039346", "title": "Pyogenic meningitis in childhood.", "content": "Pyogenic meningitis in childhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039346"}
{"pmid": "1039347", "title": "A revival of the older methods of diagnosis and treatment of pyogenic meningitis.", "content": "A revival of the older methods of diagnosis and treatment of pyogenic meningitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039347"}
{"pmid": "1039348", "title": "Nutritional problems among Kenyan children.", "content": "Nutritional problems among Kenyan children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039348"}
{"pmid": "1039350", "title": "Organisation of emergency paediatric units.", "content": "Organisation of emergency paediatric units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039350"}
{"pmid": "1039349", "title": "Salmonellosis in infants.", "content": "Salmonellosis in infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039349"}
{"pmid": "1039352", "title": "Glucose-electrolyte powders.", "content": "Glucose-electrolyte powders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039352"}
{"pmid": "1039351", "title": "Paediatric fluid and electrolyte therapy.", "content": "Paediatric fluid and electrolyte therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039351"}
{"pmid": "1039353", "title": "An attitude to undergraduate education.", "content": "An attitude to undergraduate education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039353"}
{"pmid": "1039354", "title": "Paediatric education for Nigerian nurses.", "content": "Paediatric education for Nigerian nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039354"}
{"pmid": "1039355", "title": "Paediatric field training unit in Malumfashi.", "content": "Paediatric field training unit in Malumfashi.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039355"}
{"pmid": "1039460", "title": "The premature infant's reflex behaviors: effect on the maternal-child relationship.", "content": "The premature infant's reflex behaviors: effect on the maternal-child relationship.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039460"}
{"pmid": "1039466", "title": "Letters: Whatever happened to prepared childbirth?", "content": "Letters: Whatever happened to prepared childbirth?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039466"}
{"pmid": "1039459", "title": "Editorial: A bright future for OB-GYN.", "content": "Editorial: A bright future for OB-GYN.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039459"}
{"pmid": "1039463", "title": "Influences on sexual adaptation to mastectomy.", "content": "Influences on sexual adaptation to mastectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039463"}
{"pmid": "1039465", "title": "Making a good thing better: the regionalization of neonatal intensive care units.", "content": "Making a good thing better: the regionalization of neonatal intensive care units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039465"}
{"pmid": "1039461", "title": "Indications of an unhealthy relationship between parents and premature infant.", "content": "Indications of an unhealthy relationship between parents and premature infant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039461"}
{"pmid": "1039462", "title": "Two mothers' reactions to the deaths of their premature infants.", "content": "Two mothers' reactions to the deaths of their premature infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039462"}
{"pmid": "1039464", "title": "Titrating with intravenous oxytocins.", "content": "Titrating with intravenous oxytocins.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039464"}
{"pmid": "1039501", "title": "Adolescent pregnancy: the need for new policies and new programs.", "content": "Adolescent pregnancy: the need for new policies and new programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039501"}
{"pmid": "1039502", "title": "School-age parents. Models of comprehensive service - hospital-based.", "content": "School-age parents. Models of comprehensive service - hospital-based.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039502"}
{"pmid": "1039503", "title": "School-age parents. Models of comprehensive service - regular school-based.", "content": "School-age parents. Models of comprehensive service - regular school-based.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039503"}
{"pmid": "1039504", "title": "School-age parents. Models of comprehensive service - special school-based.", "content": "School-age parents. Models of comprehensive service - special school-based.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039504"}
{"pmid": "1039505", "title": "The role of the grandmother in adolescent pregnancy and parenting.", "content": "The role of the grandmother in adolescent pregnancy and parenting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039505"}
{"pmid": "1039507", "title": "The unmarried father revisited.", "content": "The unmarried father revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039507"}
{"pmid": "1039506", "title": "Counseling services for school-age pregnant girls.", "content": "Counseling services for school-age pregnant girls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039506"}
{"pmid": "1039508", "title": "Education for parenthood and school-age parents.", "content": "Education for parenthood and school-age parents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039508"}
{"pmid": "1039510", "title": "Autonomy concerns of a child on dialysis.", "content": "Autonomy concerns of a child on dialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039510"}
{"pmid": "1039509", "title": "Appraising programs for school-age parents.", "content": "Appraising programs for school-age parents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039509"}
{"pmid": "1039511", "title": "Responses of a twelve month old girl to physical restraint during hospitalization.", "content": "Responses of a twelve month old girl to physical restraint during hospitalization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039511"}
{"pmid": "1039512", "title": "Changing concepts of death in a child with sickle cell disease.", "content": "Changing concepts of death in a child with sickle cell disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039512"}
{"pmid": "1039513", "title": "The separation-individuation process in same-sex twins: a review of the literature.", "content": "The separation-individuation process in same-sex twins: a review of the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039513"}
{"pmid": "1039514", "title": "A primipara's feelings on the second post-partal day.", "content": "A primipara's feelings on the second post-partal day.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039514"}
{"pmid": "1039515", "title": "Transitions in motherhood.", "content": "Transitions in motherhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039515"}
{"pmid": "1039516", "title": "Oedipal concerns of hospitalized preschool girls.", "content": "Oedipal concerns of hospitalized preschool girls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039516"}
{"pmid": "1039518", "title": "The nursing process in the care of a hostile, pregnant adolescent.", "content": "The nursing process in the care of a hostile, pregnant adolescent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039518"}
{"pmid": "1039517", "title": "Letters of a mother in mourning.", "content": "Letters of a mother in mourning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039517"}
{"pmid": "1039519", "title": "Nurses and their unions.", "content": "Nurses and their unions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039519"}
{"pmid": "1039520", "title": "The health centre--a team approach to health care delivery.", "content": "The health centre--a team approach to health care delivery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039520"}
{"pmid": "1039521", "title": "Editorial: Criteria in assessing nursing staff needs.", "content": "Editorial: Criteria in assessing nursing staff needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039521"}
{"pmid": "1039522", "title": "The role of the nurse in Australia.", "content": "The role of the nurse in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039522"}
{"pmid": "1039523", "title": "A member's feelings on current trends.", "content": "A member's feelings on current trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039523"}
{"pmid": "1039524", "title": "o-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside 6-phosphate.", "content": "o-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside 6-phosphate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039524"}
{"pmid": "1039525", "title": "Quality of educational programs--whose responsibility?", "content": "Quality of educational programs--whose responsibility?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039525"}
{"pmid": "1039527", "title": "Editorial: \"Henny Penny, the sky is falling!\".", "content": "Editorial: \"Henny Penny, the sky is falling!\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039527"}
{"pmid": "1039526", "title": "Temperature taking: ritualistic or rational routine?", "content": "Temperature taking: ritualistic or rational routine?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039526"}
{"pmid": "1039528", "title": "PSRO: a challenge and opportunity for nursing.", "content": "PSRO: a challenge and opportunity for nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039528"}
{"pmid": "1039529", "title": "Nursing and the quality of life. Responsibility for environmental quality.", "content": "Nursing and the quality of life. Responsibility for environmental quality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039529"}
{"pmid": "1039530", "title": "Ecology, the nurse and health care.", "content": "Ecology, the nurse and health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039530"}
{"pmid": "1039531", "title": "If you believe in it, stay with it.", "content": "If you believe in it, stay with it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039531"}
{"pmid": "1039532", "title": "The changing pattern of community care.", "content": "The changing pattern of community care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039532"}
{"pmid": "1039533", "title": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. 5. The new arrival.", "content": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. 5. The new arrival.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039533"}
{"pmid": "1039534", "title": "Midwife tutor courses in Surrey University.", "content": "Midwife tutor courses in Surrey University.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039534"}
{"pmid": "1039535", "title": "Neonatal bathing technique.", "content": "Neonatal bathing technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039535"}
{"pmid": "1039536", "title": "The midwifery profession in Switzerland.", "content": "The midwifery profession in Switzerland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039536"}
{"pmid": "1039537", "title": "Male midwives--a feasible prospect?", "content": "Male midwives--a feasible prospect?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039537"}
{"pmid": "1039538", "title": "Case study: essential hypertension in pregnancy.", "content": "Case study: essential hypertension in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039538"}
{"pmid": "1039539", "title": "Some aspects of antibacterial therapy.", "content": "Some aspects of antibacterial therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039539"}
{"pmid": "1039541", "title": "Blood pressure readings; getting them quickly on an infant.", "content": "Blood pressure readings; getting them quickly on an infant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039541"}
{"pmid": "1039540", "title": "Jane and Sara were old and helpless. Who would stand up for them?", "content": "Jane and Sara were old and helpless. Who would stand up for them?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039540"}
{"pmid": "1039542", "title": "Miss Pinet knew?", "content": "Miss Pinet knew?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039542"}
{"pmid": "1039543", "title": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 1.", "content": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039543"}
{"pmid": "1039544", "title": "When to anticipate septic shock.", "content": "When to anticipate septic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039544"}
{"pmid": "1039545", "title": "Ambulatory nursing. 18 ways to live with asthma.", "content": "Ambulatory nursing. 18 ways to live with asthma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039545"}
{"pmid": "1039546", "title": "Questions about copper contraceptives.", "content": "Questions about copper contraceptives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039546"}
{"pmid": "1039547", "title": "Bronchoscope's benefits.", "content": "Bronchoscope's benefits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039547"}
{"pmid": "1039549", "title": "Is I.V. therapy the specialty for you?", "content": "Is I.V. therapy the specialty for you?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039549"}
{"pmid": "1039548", "title": "How to enrich your management skills.", "content": "How to enrich your management skills.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039548"}
{"pmid": "1039550", "title": "Ted can only blink his eyes... still we communicate.", "content": "Ted can only blink his eyes... still we communicate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039550"}
{"pmid": "1039551", "title": "Cancer quackery: what can you do about it?", "content": "Cancer quackery: what can you do about it?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039551"}
{"pmid": "1039552", "title": "The child with sickle cell anemia. What his parents need to know.", "content": "The child with sickle cell anemia. What his parents need to know.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039552"}
{"pmid": "1039553", "title": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 2.", "content": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039553"}
{"pmid": "1039554", "title": "Burns: breaking the anger-despair cycle.", "content": "Burns: breaking the anger-despair cycle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039554"}
{"pmid": "1039555", "title": "Isolation: precise procedures for better protection.", "content": "Isolation: precise procedures for better protection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039555"}
{"pmid": "1039556", "title": "Maintaining sexuality after spinal cord injury.", "content": "Maintaining sexuality after spinal cord injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039556"}
{"pmid": "1039557", "title": "New drugs, 1974.", "content": "New drugs, 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039557"}
{"pmid": "1039558", "title": "SMA-12 (sequential multiple analysis); here's one way to interpret it.", "content": "SMA-12 (sequential multiple analysis); here's one way to interpret it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039558"}
{"pmid": "1039559", "title": "Working conditions. How do yours compare with other nurses?", "content": "Working conditions. How do yours compare with other nurses?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039559"}
{"pmid": "1039562", "title": "Ravages of rheumatoid arthritis; rehabilitating both body and spirit. Nursing grand rounds.", "content": "Ravages of rheumatoid arthritis; rehabilitating both body and spirit. Nursing grand rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039562"}
{"pmid": "1039561", "title": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 3.", "content": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 3.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039561"}
{"pmid": "1039560", "title": "Our affection for Mrs. Johns was hindering our nursing care.", "content": "Our affection for Mrs. Johns was hindering our nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039560"}
{"pmid": "1039563", "title": "Insight into the delicate art of eye care.", "content": "Insight into the delicate art of eye care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039563"}
{"pmid": "1039565", "title": "Cerebral arteriosclerosis.", "content": "Cerebral arteriosclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039565"}
{"pmid": "1039564", "title": "Was Terry dead?", "content": "Was Terry dead?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039564"}
{"pmid": "1039566", "title": "Getting along better with those aides.", "content": "Getting along better with those aides.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039566"}
{"pmid": "1039567", "title": "Glucose tolerance test: how you can make it more reliable.", "content": "Glucose tolerance test: how you can make it more reliable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039567"}
{"pmid": "1039568", "title": "Devising a care plan you can really use.", "content": "Devising a care plan you can really use.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039568"}
{"pmid": "1039570", "title": "The hidden alcoholic: a nursing dilemma.", "content": "The hidden alcoholic: a nursing dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039570"}
{"pmid": "1039569", "title": "The choice.", "content": "The choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039569"}
{"pmid": "1039571", "title": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 4: ventricular arrhythmias.", "content": "What every nurse should know about EKGs. Part 4: ventricular arrhythmias.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039571"}
{"pmid": "1039572", "title": "Renal failure and peritoneal dialysis.", "content": "Renal failure and peritoneal dialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039572"}
{"pmid": "1039573", "title": "Summertime care for kids. Some helpful hints for nurses in ambulatory pediatric settings.", "content": "Summertime care for kids. Some helpful hints for nurses in ambulatory pediatric settings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039573"}
{"pmid": "1039574", "title": "Geriatric care; let's make it more that physical care.", "content": "Geriatric care; let's make it more that physical care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039574"}
{"pmid": "1039575", "title": "The varied symptoms of dysautonomia.", "content": "The varied symptoms of dysautonomia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039575"}
{"pmid": "1039576", "title": "Removing contact lenses.", "content": "Removing contact lenses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039576"}
{"pmid": "1039577", "title": "How a group can help you solve your problems.", "content": "How a group can help you solve your problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039577"}
{"pmid": "1039578", "title": "Cost of accidents.", "content": "Cost of accidents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039578"}
{"pmid": "1039579", "title": "OH in Europe--2 France.", "content": "OH in Europe--2 France.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039579"}
{"pmid": "1039580", "title": "Hazards of welding.", "content": "Hazards of welding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039580"}
{"pmid": "1039581", "title": "Discipline and unfair dismissal.", "content": "Discipline and unfair dismissal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039581"}
{"pmid": "1039582", "title": "Personal protection.", "content": "Personal protection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039582"}
{"pmid": "1039583", "title": "Employees' involvement in health and safety at work.", "content": "Employees' involvement in health and safety at work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039583"}
{"pmid": "1039584", "title": "A duty of reasonable care.", "content": "A duty of reasonable care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039584"}
{"pmid": "1039585", "title": "Where does the OH nurse fit in?", "content": "Where does the OH nurse fit in?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039585"}
{"pmid": "1039587", "title": "Recruiting on OH nurse.", "content": "Recruiting on OH nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039587"}
{"pmid": "1039586", "title": "Emphasis on consultation.", "content": "Emphasis on consultation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039586"}
{"pmid": "1039588", "title": "The safety policy.", "content": "The safety policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039588"}
{"pmid": "1039589", "title": "OH in Europe--5. Spain.", "content": "OH in Europe--5. Spain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039589"}
{"pmid": "1039590", "title": "Recognising mental disorder.", "content": "Recognising mental disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039590"}
{"pmid": "1039591", "title": "Ionising radiations.", "content": "Ionising radiations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039591"}
{"pmid": "1039593", "title": "Care of eyes in 1975.", "content": "Care of eyes in 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039593"}
{"pmid": "1039592", "title": "OH in Europe--6. Comparisons.", "content": "OH in Europe--6. Comparisons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039592"}
{"pmid": "1039595", "title": "The limitations of TLVs.", "content": "The limitations of TLVs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039595"}
{"pmid": "1039594", "title": "Health hazards in compressed air.", "content": "Health hazards in compressed air.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039594"}
{"pmid": "1039596", "title": "Editorial: Program for the recognition of the orthopedic nurse specialist.", "content": "Editorial: Program for the recognition of the orthopedic nurse specialist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039596"}
{"pmid": "1039597", "title": "Orthopedic nurses make thorough assessments of orthopedic patients.", "content": "Orthopedic nurses make thorough assessments of orthopedic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039597"}
{"pmid": "1039598", "title": "Nursing care of the patient with a cervical spine injury.", "content": "Nursing care of the patient with a cervical spine injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039598"}
{"pmid": "1039600", "title": "Stacy's story.", "content": "Stacy's story.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039600"}
{"pmid": "1039601", "title": "Articulation of health occupations programs: career mobility in Oklahoma. Highschool - practical nursing - associate degree.", "content": "Articulation of health occupations programs: career mobility in Oklahoma. Highschool - practical nursing - associate degree.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039601"}
{"pmid": "1039599", "title": "Guidelines for pediatric-orthopedic nursing history.", "content": "Guidelines for pediatric-orthopedic nursing history.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039599"}
{"pmid": "1039602", "title": "Developmental symbiosis.", "content": "Developmental symbiosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039602"}
{"pmid": "1039605", "title": "Movement therapy with an autistic boy.", "content": "Movement therapy with an autistic boy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039605"}
{"pmid": "1039604", "title": "Poetry programs in mental hospitals.", "content": "Poetry programs in mental hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039604"}
{"pmid": "1039603", "title": "Disturbances in object relations in a chronic schizophrenic patient.", "content": "Disturbances in object relations in a chronic schizophrenic patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039603"}
{"pmid": "1039608", "title": "Behavior modification: changing hyperactive behavior in a children's group.", "content": "Behavior modification: changing hyperactive behavior in a children's group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039608"}
{"pmid": "1039610", "title": "Nursing care study: secondary infertility--myomectomy/salpingostomies/Gilliams suspension.", "content": "Nursing care study: secondary infertility--myomectomy/salpingostomies/Gilliams suspension.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039610"}
{"pmid": "1039609", "title": "\"The use of statistics in research\".", "content": "\"The use of statistics in research\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039609"}
{"pmid": "1039607", "title": "Behavior modification and the nursing process.", "content": "Behavior modification and the nursing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039607"}
{"pmid": "1039614", "title": "\"This I believe about student nurse evaluation\".", "content": "\"This I believe about student nurse evaluation\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039614"}
{"pmid": "1039622", "title": "The use and abuse of a curricular model: an evaluative study of one C.E.G.E.P.'s nursing programme in Quebec.", "content": "The use and abuse of a curricular model: an evaluative study of one C.E.G.E.P.'s nursing programme in Quebec.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039622"}
{"pmid": "1039617", "title": "The hopes and aspirations of a Nigerian student nurse.", "content": "The hopes and aspirations of a Nigerian student nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039617"}
{"pmid": "1039611", "title": "Psychosocial aspects of the nursing care of patients.", "content": "Psychosocial aspects of the nursing care of patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039611"}
{"pmid": "1039612", "title": "The problem of deafness in children.", "content": "The problem of deafness in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039612"}
{"pmid": "1039620", "title": "\"The use of psychology in teaching\".", "content": "\"The use of psychology in teaching\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039620"}
{"pmid": "1039631", "title": "Each week more than half a million people seek help for foot problems.", "content": "Each week more than half a million people seek help for foot problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039631"}
{"pmid": "1039623", "title": "Financial assistance for nursing research--past and present.", "content": "Financial assistance for nursing research--past and present.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039623"}
{"pmid": "1039615", "title": "A patient care study on retinoblastoma.", "content": "A patient care study on retinoblastoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039615"}
{"pmid": "1039619", "title": "Doctor/nurse relationship: past, present and future.", "content": "Doctor/nurse relationship: past, present and future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039619"}
{"pmid": "1039613", "title": "Philosophy and objectives; their place in the nursing profession.", "content": "Philosophy and objectives; their place in the nursing profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039613"}
{"pmid": "1039632", "title": "Blood transfusion therapy.", "content": "Blood transfusion therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039632"}
{"pmid": "1039616", "title": "Proposed decree on abortion and nurses' role.", "content": "Proposed decree on abortion and nurses' role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039616"}
{"pmid": "1039625", "title": "The special nurse research fellow: characteristics and recent trends.", "content": "The special nurse research fellow: characteristics and recent trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039625"}
{"pmid": "1039633", "title": "Bed-wetting.", "content": "Bed-wetting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039633"}
{"pmid": "1039634", "title": "Heartbeat-the rhythm of life.", "content": "Heartbeat-the rhythm of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039634"}
{"pmid": "1039628", "title": "Comparison of Methods for evaluating patient response to nursing care.", "content": "Comparison of Methods for evaluating patient response to nursing care. Prenatal patients (chosen because the staff wished to know the patients attitudes toward their care and because on the health-illness continuum they were well and not dependent on staff for their daily needs) were asked to evaluate their obstetric care by means of a questionnaire and an interview. Of 191 questionnaires distributed in the obstetric clinic of a large university medical center, 79 completed forms were returned and 39 interviews were done, using the format of the questionnaires. The interviews were conducted from the clinic by a person not on the clinic staff. Overall results showed no significant difference in patient responses between interview or questionnaire. The study revealed that the patients generally were satisfied with their care but that certain areas needed improvement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039628"}
{"pmid": "1039635", "title": "From the patient's point of view.", "content": "From the patient's point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039635"}
{"pmid": "1039636", "title": "Attitudes toward the dying patient.", "content": "Attitudes toward the dying patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039636"}
{"pmid": "1039637", "title": "Tips on tonsillectomies.", "content": "Tips on tonsillectomies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039637"}
{"pmid": "1039627", "title": "Research for a practice professional.", "content": "Research for a practice professional. Research for any practice profession necessarily deals with professional arts and skills, with the base of knowledge underlying the practice field, and with the initial and continuing education of the professional. Recent developments and activities in the above areas are discussed, including growth in the investigator pool and studies that deal with the process and outcomes of nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039627"}
{"pmid": "1039638", "title": "How to handle pyschological regression in patients.", "content": "How to handle pyschological regression in patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039638"}
{"pmid": "1039606", "title": "The archetype of death and renewal in \"I never promised you a rose garden\".", "content": "The archetype of death and renewal in \"I never promised you a rose garden\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039606"}
{"pmid": "1039624", "title": "8-4 research. Part II: DESIGNING NURSING RESEARCH--EIGHT POINTs of encounter.", "content": "8-4 research. Part II: DESIGNING NURSING RESEARCH--EIGHT POINTs of encounter. In a two-part series, a proposal for research which integrates practical, technical, and political judgment is presented. Such research is called 8-4 research and is opposed to pseudotechnical research. 8-4 research is discussed as an advance over more current nursing research preoccupations. In Part I it is proposed that nursing research should be considered in terms of payoff not merely promise for nursing, that 8-4 research is a suitable paradigm for all nursing research, and that nursing research is a suitable preoccupation for any and all nursing personnel. In Part II eight points of encounter--as between 8-4 research and pseudotechnical research-pertinent to designing nursing research are given. A conception of design is proposed that displays the role of conation, drive, or intent in any designed research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039624"}
{"pmid": "1039639", "title": "Poisonous plants where you least expect them.", "content": "Poisonous plants where you least expect them.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039639"}
{"pmid": "1039640", "title": "Improving nutrition for the elderly.", "content": "Improving nutrition for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039640"}
{"pmid": "1039618", "title": "Nursing staff development and performance review.", "content": "Nursing staff development and performance review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039618"}
{"pmid": "1039629", "title": "Nursing students' opinions about acupuncture and Chinese medicine.", "content": "Nursing students' opinions about acupuncture and Chinese medicine. Eighty senior nursing students at the University of San Francisco (USF) were divided at random into four groups of 20. Two groups were pretested on their knowledge of acupuncture and Chinese medicine. One week later a 50-minute class in acupuncture and Chinese medicine was given in a community health class to one of the two pretexted groups and one of the two untested groups. Following the class, the test was given to all four groups. Using the Solomon Four-Group design to measure effects of pretesting and the class content, significant differences were found between the groups on questions seeking differences, to confirm the first hypothesis that an increase in knowledge about acupuncture and Chinese medicine will accompany an increase in its acceptance as a healing tool and the desire to learn more about it. A t-test on the results of pre- and post- tests confirmed the second hypothesis that there will be no difference between groups in history or maturation from one week to the next.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039629"}
{"pmid": "1039621", "title": "Men and the nursing profession in Nigeria.", "content": "Men and the nursing profession in Nigeria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039621"}
{"pmid": "1039641", "title": "Don't be a statistic.", "content": "Don't be a statistic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039641"}
{"pmid": "1039626", "title": "The methodology of historical research: a brief introduction.", "content": "The methodology of historical research: a brief introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039626"}
{"pmid": "1039642", "title": "New opportunities for the dedicated LPN: home nursing.", "content": "New opportunities for the dedicated LPN: home nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039642"}
{"pmid": "1039630", "title": "Letter: Portrait of a researcher: some reflections.", "content": "Letter: Portrait of a researcher: some reflections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039630"}
{"pmid": "1039643", "title": "In-theatre equipment for safer patient care.", "content": "In-theatre equipment for safer patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039643"}
{"pmid": "1039645", "title": "Law relating to licensing, registration and practice of nursing.", "content": "Law relating to licensing, registration and practice of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039645"}
{"pmid": "1039644", "title": "Nursing functions and law in India.", "content": "Nursing functions and law in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039644"}
{"pmid": "1039646", "title": "Hydrophobia: facts about rabies.", "content": "Hydrophobia: facts about rabies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039646"}
{"pmid": "1039647", "title": "Nursing at cross roads: a world-wide perspective.", "content": "Nursing at cross roads: a world-wide perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039647"}
{"pmid": "1039648", "title": "Red cross revolution in Haryana and Punjab.", "content": "Red cross revolution in Haryana and Punjab.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039648"}
{"pmid": "1039650", "title": "Diploma in psychiatric nursing at A.I.I.M.H. Bangalore.", "content": "Diploma in psychiatric nursing at A.I.I.M.H. Bangalore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039650"}
{"pmid": "1039649", "title": "Role of a nurse in psychiatric field.", "content": "Role of a nurse in psychiatric field.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039649"}
{"pmid": "1039652", "title": "Forms of communication.", "content": "Forms of communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039652"}
{"pmid": "1039651", "title": "Nurse-patient relationship therapy in socializing chronic schizophrenic patients.", "content": "Nurse-patient relationship therapy in socializing chronic schizophrenic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039651"}
{"pmid": "1039653", "title": "An end - and a beginning.", "content": "An end - and a beginning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039653"}
{"pmid": "1039654", "title": "The mechanism of communication.", "content": "The mechanism of communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039654"}
{"pmid": "1039655", "title": "The role of women.", "content": "The role of women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039655"}
{"pmid": "1039656", "title": "Status of women in India.", "content": "Status of women in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039656"}
{"pmid": "1039657", "title": "Skills of communication.", "content": "Skills of communication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039657"}
{"pmid": "1039659", "title": "Status of nursing in India.", "content": "Status of nursing in India.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039659"}
{"pmid": "1039660", "title": "Health and safety at work.", "content": "Health and safety at work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039660"}
{"pmid": "1039658", "title": "On the social position of Indian women.", "content": "On the social position of Indian women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039658"}
{"pmid": "1039661", "title": "The nurse machine.", "content": "The nurse machine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039661"}
{"pmid": "1039662", "title": "Industry-based training for occupational health nurses.", "content": "Industry-based training for occupational health nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039662"}
{"pmid": "1039663", "title": "Using models in nurse education.", "content": "Using models in nurse education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039663"}
{"pmid": "1039664", "title": "Nursing in a mission hospital.", "content": "Nursing in a mission hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039664"}
{"pmid": "1039665", "title": "Money problems of psychiatric patients.", "content": "Money problems of psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039665"}
{"pmid": "1039666", "title": "A chance to care.", "content": "A chance to care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039666"}
{"pmid": "1039667", "title": "The qualities of nursing.", "content": "The qualities of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039667"}
{"pmid": "1039668", "title": "The tragic omission.", "content": "The tragic omission.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039668"}
{"pmid": "1039669", "title": "Everybody out!", "content": "Everybody out!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039669"}
{"pmid": "1039670", "title": "Carstairs believes in tomorrow.", "content": "Carstairs believes in tomorrow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039670"}
{"pmid": "1039671", "title": "Waste not, want not.", "content": "Waste not, want not.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039671"}
{"pmid": "1039672", "title": "Nuffield Nursing Homes Trust.", "content": "Nuffield Nursing Homes Trust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039672"}
{"pmid": "1039673", "title": "Is there a future for the registered clinical nurse teacher?", "content": "Is there a future for the registered clinical nurse teacher?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039673"}
{"pmid": "1039675", "title": "The differential leucocyte count.", "content": "The differential leucocyte count.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039675"}
{"pmid": "1039674", "title": "Starch granuloma peritonitis.", "content": "Starch granuloma peritonitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039674"}
{"pmid": "1039676", "title": "In hospital. 1. The adult patient's view.", "content": "In hospital. 1. The adult patient's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039676"}
{"pmid": "1039677", "title": "For sickness or for health?", "content": "For sickness or for health?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039677"}
{"pmid": "1039678", "title": "Breaking the bounds.", "content": "Breaking the bounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039678"}
{"pmid": "1039679", "title": "The occupational health service at the Middlesex Hospital, London.", "content": "The occupational health service at the Middlesex Hospital, London.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039679"}
{"pmid": "1039680", "title": "Integration-an exercise in self-analysis.", "content": "Integration-an exercise in self-analysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039680"}
{"pmid": "1039681", "title": "In hospital. 2. The outpatient's view.", "content": "In hospital. 2. The outpatient's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039681"}
{"pmid": "1039682", "title": "Planning and staffing an ENT unit.", "content": "Planning and staffing an ENT unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039682"}
{"pmid": "1039683", "title": "The right to live or die.", "content": "The right to live or die.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039683"}
{"pmid": "1039684", "title": "My name is John...", "content": "My name is John...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039684"}
{"pmid": "1039685", "title": "Ward reports-sense or nonsense?", "content": "Ward reports-sense or nonsense?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039685"}
{"pmid": "1039686", "title": "Postnatal depression.", "content": "Postnatal depression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039686"}
{"pmid": "1039687", "title": "Second \"Best buy\".", "content": "Second \"Best buy\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039687"}
{"pmid": "1039688", "title": "A symposium on the psychiatric nurse-therapist: a new form of clinical nurse specialist. From the Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London. Introduction and overview.", "content": "A symposium on the psychiatric nurse-therapist: a new form of clinical nurse specialist. From the Institute of Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London. Introduction and overview.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039688"}
{"pmid": "1039690", "title": "Patient selection, treatment, and outcome.", "content": "Patient selection, treatment, and outcome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039690"}
{"pmid": "1039689", "title": "The training of nurse-therapists.", "content": "The training of nurse-therapists.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039689"}
{"pmid": "1039692", "title": "A nurse-therapist's viewpoint.", "content": "A nurse-therapist's viewpoint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039692"}
{"pmid": "1039691", "title": "The secondment period.", "content": "The secondment period.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039691"}
{"pmid": "1039693", "title": "Behavioural psychotherapy in a domiciliary setting.", "content": "Behavioural psychotherapy in a domiciliary setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039693"}
{"pmid": "1039695", "title": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 2. Agoraphobia complicated by alcoholism.", "content": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 2. Agoraphobia complicated by alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039695"}
{"pmid": "1039696", "title": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 3. Social phobia.", "content": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 3. Social phobia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039696"}
{"pmid": "1039694", "title": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 1. Pigeon phobia.", "content": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 1. Pigeon phobia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039694"}
{"pmid": "1039697", "title": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 4. Obsessive-compulsive disorder.", "content": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 4. Obsessive-compulsive disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039697"}
{"pmid": "1039699", "title": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 6. Sexual deviation in a young man.", "content": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 6. Sexual deviation in a young man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039699"}
{"pmid": "1039698", "title": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 6. Non-consummation of marriage. Treatment of vaginismus and agoraphobia in the female partner.", "content": "Nurse-therapists at work: six case studies. 6. Non-consummation of marriage. Treatment of vaginismus and agoraphobia in the female partner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039698"}
{"pmid": "1039700", "title": "In hospital. 3. The child's view.", "content": "In hospital. 3. The child's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039700"}
{"pmid": "1039701", "title": "Private and state medicine--the parting of the ways.", "content": "Private and state medicine--the parting of the ways.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039701"}
{"pmid": "1039702", "title": "Pay beds-opposition view.", "content": "Pay beds-opposition view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039702"}
{"pmid": "1039703", "title": "Glaucoma.", "content": "Glaucoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039703"}
{"pmid": "1039704", "title": "Premalignant conditions and causes of skin cancer.", "content": "Premalignant conditions and causes of skin cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039704"}
{"pmid": "1039705", "title": "Cancer research: a personal view of maintenance therapy to prevent recurrence.", "content": "Cancer research: a personal view of maintenance therapy to prevent recurrence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039705"}
{"pmid": "1039706", "title": "Family planning service in Manchester.", "content": "Family planning service in Manchester.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039706"}
{"pmid": "1039707", "title": "Absenteeism-an occupational hazard.", "content": "Absenteeism-an occupational hazard.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039707"}
{"pmid": "1039709", "title": "In hospital. 4. The senior citizen's view.", "content": "In hospital. 4. The senior citizen's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039709"}
{"pmid": "1039710", "title": "Unusual casualties. Life-saving advice.", "content": "Unusual casualties. Life-saving advice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039710"}
{"pmid": "1039708", "title": "The changing world of geriatrics.", "content": "The changing world of geriatrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039708"}
{"pmid": "1039711", "title": "Learning while caring.", "content": "Learning while caring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039711"}
{"pmid": "1039712", "title": "Management matters. Table talk.", "content": "Management matters. Table talk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039712"}
{"pmid": "1039713", "title": "Is breast feeding being discouraged?", "content": "Is breast feeding being discouraged?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039713"}
{"pmid": "1039714", "title": "Patients on the assembly line.", "content": "Patients on the assembly line.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039714"}
{"pmid": "1039716", "title": "More than meets the eye.", "content": "More than meets the eye.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039716"}
{"pmid": "1039715", "title": "Nursing care study: paroxysmal tachycardia in a newborn baby.", "content": "Nursing care study: paroxysmal tachycardia in a newborn baby.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039715"}
{"pmid": "1039717", "title": "The Ockenden venture.", "content": "The Ockenden venture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039717"}
{"pmid": "1039718", "title": "Priorities for the mentally handicapped in the community.", "content": "Priorities for the mentally handicapped in the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039718"}
{"pmid": "1039719", "title": "Stillbirths and the law.", "content": "Stillbirths and the law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039719"}
{"pmid": "1039720", "title": "Managementitis.", "content": "Managementitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039720"}
{"pmid": "1039721", "title": "Training in urological patient care.", "content": "Training in urological patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039721"}
{"pmid": "1039722", "title": "Practical learning for psychiatric nurses.", "content": "Practical learning for psychiatric nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039722"}
{"pmid": "1039723", "title": "Community health nursing in Northern Canada.", "content": "Community health nursing in Northern Canada.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039723"}
{"pmid": "1039724", "title": "Seat belts and the courts.", "content": "Seat belts and the courts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039724"}
{"pmid": "1039725", "title": "Monday afternoons.", "content": "Monday afternoons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039725"}
{"pmid": "1039726", "title": "The uniform problem.", "content": "The uniform problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039726"}
{"pmid": "1039727", "title": "Nursing care study: paraplegia due to spinal lesion.", "content": "Nursing care study: paraplegia due to spinal lesion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039727"}
{"pmid": "1039729", "title": "A symposium on battered children.", "content": "A symposium on battered children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039729"}
{"pmid": "1039728", "title": "Dare to do our duty.", "content": "Dare to do our duty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039728"}
{"pmid": "1039730", "title": "The battered child syndrome-some research findings.", "content": "The battered child syndrome-some research findings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039730"}
{"pmid": "1039731", "title": "The battered child syndrome - nursing care.", "content": "The battered child syndrome - nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039731"}
{"pmid": "1039732", "title": "The battered child syndrome - detection and prevention.", "content": "The battered child syndrome - detection and prevention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039732"}
{"pmid": "1039733", "title": "The battered child syndrome - the law.", "content": "The battered child syndrome - the law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039733"}
{"pmid": "1039735", "title": "Planning an orientation course.", "content": "Planning an orientation course.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039735"}
{"pmid": "1039734", "title": "The West African student in Great Britain.", "content": "The West African student in Great Britain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039734"}
{"pmid": "1039736", "title": "North Carolina Memorial Hospital.", "content": "North Carolina Memorial Hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039736"}
{"pmid": "1039737", "title": "A mothers' group in Alperton.", "content": "A mothers' group in Alperton.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039737"}
{"pmid": "1039738", "title": "Planning for the underpriveleged.", "content": "Planning for the underpriveleged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039738"}
{"pmid": "1039740", "title": "Editorial: Smoking and health.", "content": "Editorial: Smoking and health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039740"}
{"pmid": "1039739", "title": "Management matters: computer madness.", "content": "Management matters: computer madness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039739"}
{"pmid": "1039741", "title": "EEC directives on nursing--the final phase.", "content": "EEC directives on nursing--the final phase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039741"}
{"pmid": "1039742", "title": "The masks of depression.", "content": "The masks of depression.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039742"}
{"pmid": "1039744", "title": "Taking the misery out of work.", "content": "Taking the misery out of work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039744"}
{"pmid": "1039743", "title": "Prolapse of the rectum.", "content": "Prolapse of the rectum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039743"}
{"pmid": "1039745", "title": "Post office nursing: occupational health service.", "content": "Post office nursing: occupational health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039745"}
{"pmid": "1039747", "title": "Dementia in the elderly.", "content": "Dementia in the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039747"}
{"pmid": "1039746", "title": "Post office nursing: a day in the life of...", "content": "Post office nursing: a day in the life of...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039746"}
{"pmid": "1039748", "title": "Buttons and bows.", "content": "Buttons and bows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039748"}
{"pmid": "1039749", "title": "The nurse practitioner.", "content": "The nurse practitioner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039749"}
{"pmid": "1039750", "title": "Nursing care study: motor neurone disease.", "content": "Nursing care study: motor neurone disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039750"}
{"pmid": "1039753", "title": "Intra-aortic counterpulsation in cardiogenic shock.", "content": "Intra-aortic counterpulsation in cardiogenic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039753"}
{"pmid": "1039751", "title": "A health service for NZ and the nursing profession.", "content": "A health service for NZ and the nursing profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039751"}
{"pmid": "1039752", "title": "Nurses' attitude to death and related matters.", "content": "Nurses' attitude to death and related matters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039752"}
{"pmid": "1039770", "title": "The single-parent family. 1.", "content": "The single-parent family. 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039770"}
{"pmid": "1039777", "title": "Medicines can kill.", "content": "Medicines can kill.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039777"}
{"pmid": "1039778", "title": "Consumer responsibilities and rights in the health service.", "content": "Consumer responsibilities and rights in the health service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039778"}
{"pmid": "1039773", "title": "Transition to the community.", "content": "Transition to the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039773"}
{"pmid": "1039780", "title": "Management of a new diabetic patient in the home.", "content": "Management of a new diabetic patient in the home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039780"}
{"pmid": "1039779", "title": "Patient care study: multiple sclerosis.", "content": "Patient care study: multiple sclerosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039779"}
{"pmid": "1039781", "title": "Evaluation problems of short courses and a trial method.", "content": "Evaluation problems of short courses and a trial method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039781"}
{"pmid": "1039775", "title": "The science of nursing.", "content": "The science of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039775"}
{"pmid": "1039772", "title": "Psychodrama: developments and applications.", "content": "Psychodrama: developments and applications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039772"}
{"pmid": "1039783", "title": "Night nursing in the community.", "content": "Night nursing in the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039783"}
{"pmid": "1039776", "title": "A patient's view.", "content": "A patient's view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039776"}
{"pmid": "1039782", "title": "Patient care study: determination to regain independence.", "content": "Patient care study: determination to regain independence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039782"}
{"pmid": "1039784", "title": "Making life easier for the blind.", "content": "Making life easier for the blind.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039784"}
{"pmid": "1039785", "title": "The diving reflex--therapy for the runaway heart.", "content": "The diving reflex--therapy for the runaway heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039785"}
{"pmid": "1039786", "title": "Respiratory distress: surgery in the newborn.", "content": "Respiratory distress: surgery in the newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039786"}
{"pmid": "1039774", "title": "The single-parent family. 2.", "content": "The single-parent family. 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039774"}
{"pmid": "1039787", "title": "How to resuscitate the depressed newborn.", "content": "How to resuscitate the depressed newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039787"}
{"pmid": "1039788", "title": "A nurse's lesson in humanity from the ghetto.", "content": "A nurse's lesson in humanity from the ghetto.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039788"}
{"pmid": "1039771", "title": "What way the future?", "content": "What way the future?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039771"}
{"pmid": "1039789", "title": "Bladder training for the chronically ill.", "content": "Bladder training for the chronically ill.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039789"}
{"pmid": "1039790", "title": "Who says senile geriatric patients are untreatable?", "content": "Who says senile geriatric patients are untreatable?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039790"}
{"pmid": "1039791", "title": "Malaria: coming home with mobile Americans.", "content": "Malaria: coming home with mobile Americans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039791"}
{"pmid": "1039792", "title": "Preventing drug toxicity in renal failure.", "content": "Preventing drug toxicity in renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039792"}
{"pmid": "1039793", "title": "Managing your money. Want a bargain? Try the outlet stores.", "content": "Managing your money. Want a bargain? Try the outlet stores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039793"}
{"pmid": "1039794", "title": "The cardiac team: smoothing the recovery process.", "content": "The cardiac team: smoothing the recovery process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039794"}
{"pmid": "1039795", "title": "I.M. lidocaine injections for myocardial infarction.", "content": "I.M. lidocaine injections for myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039795"}
{"pmid": "1039796", "title": "Sequelae of the addict's septic technique.", "content": "Sequelae of the addict's septic technique.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039796"}
{"pmid": "1039797", "title": "The cigarette smoker: a greater anesthesia risk.", "content": "The cigarette smoker: a greater anesthesia risk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039797"}
{"pmid": "1039799", "title": "Retarde children: they can't say where it hurts.", "content": "Retarde children: they can't say where it hurts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039799"}
{"pmid": "1039798", "title": "The transformation of the ED nurse. Part 1. Learning to take the trauma of triage.", "content": "The transformation of the ED nurse. Part 1. Learning to take the trauma of triage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039798"}
{"pmid": "1039800", "title": "Will Congress declare independence for nurses?", "content": "Will Congress declare independence for nurses?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039800"}
{"pmid": "1039801", "title": "Helping the alcoholic cope with...sobriety.", "content": "Helping the alcoholic cope with...sobriety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039801"}
{"pmid": "1039802", "title": "Don't underrate those clinical conferences!", "content": "Don't underrate those clinical conferences!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039802"}
{"pmid": "1039804", "title": "Research question: are student nurses realistic about the profession?", "content": "Research question: are student nurses realistic about the profession?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039804"}
{"pmid": "1039803", "title": "Putting the brakes on car insurance costs.", "content": "Putting the brakes on car insurance costs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039803"}
{"pmid": "1039805", "title": "Continuing nursing education: independent and dependent.", "content": "Continuing nursing education: independent and dependent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039805"}
{"pmid": "1039807", "title": "Psychiatry.", "content": "Psychiatry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039807"}
{"pmid": "1039808", "title": "The potential for growth in aged mentally retarded patients.", "content": "The potential for growth in aged mentally retarded patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039808"}
{"pmid": "1039810", "title": "Community psychiatry.", "content": "Community psychiatry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039810"}
{"pmid": "1039811", "title": "The acute psychiatric unit in a general hospital; with special reference to Groote Schuur.", "content": "The acute psychiatric unit in a general hospital; with special reference to Groote Schuur.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039811"}
{"pmid": "1039814", "title": "Learning problems in the young child. Tara, the H. Moross Centre. Child guidance clinic aspects.", "content": "Learning problems in the young child. Tara, the H. Moross Centre. Child guidance clinic aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039814"}
{"pmid": "1039815", "title": "Fire safety in hospitals.", "content": "Fire safety in hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039815"}
{"pmid": "1039818", "title": "Learning problems in the young child. Tara, The H. Moross Centre. Child guidance clinic aspects.", "content": "Learning problems in the young child. Tara, The H. Moross Centre. Child guidance clinic aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039818"}
{"pmid": "1039819", "title": "Australia antigen.", "content": "Australia antigen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039819"}
{"pmid": "1039820", "title": "The meaning of care for young children in institutions for the mentally retarded.", "content": "The meaning of care for young children in institutions for the mentally retarded.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039820"}
{"pmid": "1039821", "title": "Why the \"Nursing Assistant\"?", "content": "Why the \"Nursing Assistant\"?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039821"}
{"pmid": "1039822", "title": "Continuing education in nursing.", "content": "Continuing education in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039822"}
{"pmid": "1039823", "title": "Auditing of nursing care plans.", "content": "Auditing of nursing care plans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039823"}
{"pmid": "1039824", "title": "Supervisor overseas: mental subnormality nursing.", "content": "Supervisor overseas: mental subnormality nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039824"}
{"pmid": "1039826", "title": "Law for the nurse supervisor; the employee health service nurse.", "content": "Law for the nurse supervisor; the employee health service nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039826"}
{"pmid": "1039825", "title": "The playscript method of developing administrative procedures.", "content": "The playscript method of developing administrative procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039825"}
{"pmid": "1039827", "title": "Editorial: Nursing's internal battle of the sexes.", "content": "Editorial: Nursing's internal battle of the sexes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039827"}
{"pmid": "1039828", "title": "The art and science of supervision.", "content": "The art and science of supervision.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039828"}
{"pmid": "1039835", "title": "The stroke nurse clinician.", "content": "The stroke nurse clinician.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039835"}
{"pmid": "1039836", "title": "Research: its dissemination and utilization in nursing practice.", "content": "Research: its dissemination and utilization in nursing practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039836"}
{"pmid": "1039837", "title": "Infection control nurse; clinical specialist.", "content": "Infection control nurse; clinical specialist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039837"}
{"pmid": "1039838", "title": "New horizons in nursing.", "content": "New horizons in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039838"}
{"pmid": "1039839", "title": "Tutor's responsibility for quality patient care.", "content": "Tutor's responsibility for quality patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039839"}
{"pmid": "1039840", "title": "Sweet mystery of life.", "content": "Sweet mystery of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039840"}
{"pmid": "1039841", "title": "To catch up, keep up and forge ahead.", "content": "To catch up, keep up and forge ahead.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039841"}
{"pmid": "1039842", "title": "The nurse in personnel.", "content": "The nurse in personnel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039842"}
{"pmid": "1039843", "title": "Professional obligations with effective rewards.", "content": "Professional obligations with effective rewards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039843"}
{"pmid": "1039847", "title": "The rehabilitation counselor: another factor in total patient care.", "content": "The rehabilitation counselor: another factor in total patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039847"}
{"pmid": "1039846", "title": "Rehabilitation nursing is nursing.", "content": "Rehabilitation nursing is nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039846"}
{"pmid": "1039844", "title": "New dimensions in nursing.", "content": "New dimensions in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039844"}
{"pmid": "1039845", "title": "Rehabilitation medicine.", "content": "Rehabilitation medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039845"}
{"pmid": "1039834", "title": "The dilemma of the Victorian Infant Welfare Sisters.", "content": "The dilemma of the Victorian Infant Welfare Sisters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039834"}
{"pmid": "1039848", "title": "The middle years: the sexually active middle adult.", "content": "The middle years: the sexually active middle adult.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039848"}
{"pmid": "1039849", "title": "The change of life.", "content": "The change of life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039849"}
{"pmid": "1039851", "title": "The middle years: living sensibly.", "content": "The middle years: living sensibly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039851"}
{"pmid": "1039850", "title": "The full life.", "content": "The full life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039850"}
{"pmid": "1039852", "title": "The middle years: coping with chronic illness.", "content": "The middle years: coping with chronic illness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039852"}
{"pmid": "1039853", "title": "The middle years: the mid-stage woman.", "content": "The middle years: the mid-stage woman.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039853"}
{"pmid": "1039854", "title": "A faculty member reflects.", "content": "A faculty member reflects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039854"}
{"pmid": "1039855", "title": "Is gold a feasible investment?", "content": "Is gold a feasible investment?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039855"}
{"pmid": "1039858", "title": "Multidisciplinary retrospective patient care audit.", "content": "Multidisciplinary retrospective patient care audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039858"}
{"pmid": "1039856", "title": "Students' rights.", "content": "Students' rights.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039856"}
{"pmid": "1039859", "title": "External counter-pulsation for cardiogenic shock.", "content": "External counter-pulsation for cardiogenic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039859"}
{"pmid": "1039857", "title": "Cerebellar stimulation: pacing the brain.", "content": "Cerebellar stimulation: pacing the brain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039857"}
{"pmid": "1039860", "title": "Separation anxiety: a personal experience.", "content": "Separation anxiety: a personal experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039860"}
{"pmid": "1039861", "title": "Providing experience in physical assessment for students in basic programs.", "content": "Providing experience in physical assessment for students in basic programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039861"}
{"pmid": "1039863", "title": "A toddler with a malabsorption syndrome.", "content": "A toddler with a malabsorption syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039863"}
{"pmid": "1039862", "title": "Phaco-emulsification of cataracts.", "content": "Phaco-emulsification of cataracts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039862"}
{"pmid": "1039864", "title": "Janie remembered.", "content": "Janie remembered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039864"}
{"pmid": "1039865", "title": "Hot packs for morning joint stiffness.", "content": "Hot packs for morning joint stiffness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039865"}
{"pmid": "1039866", "title": "The middle years: a time of change.", "content": "The middle years: a time of change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039866"}
{"pmid": "1039867", "title": "The middle years: emotional tasks of the middle adult.", "content": "The middle years: emotional tasks of the middle adult.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039867"}
{"pmid": "1039868", "title": "Fear is not enough.", "content": "Fear is not enough.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039868"}
{"pmid": "1039869", "title": "Summer clinical experience for nursing students.", "content": "Summer clinical experience for nursing students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039869"}
{"pmid": "1039870", "title": "Is \"nice\" nurse concealing passive aggression?", "content": "Is \"nice\" nurse concealing passive aggression?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039870"}
{"pmid": "1039871", "title": "Guest editorial: OR nurse without peer in her domain.", "content": "Guest editorial: OR nurse without peer in her domain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039871"}
{"pmid": "1039872", "title": "Rationale for asepsis standards.", "content": "Rationale for asepsis standards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039872"}
{"pmid": "1039873", "title": "Rationale for OR attire standards.", "content": "Rationale for OR attire standards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039873"}
{"pmid": "1039874", "title": "AORN standards for OR sanitation.", "content": "AORN standards for OR sanitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039874"}
{"pmid": "1039875", "title": "AORN standards for OR sanitation.", "content": "AORN standards for OR sanitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039875"}
{"pmid": "1039876", "title": "Sensitivity training viable tool in OR.", "content": "Sensitivity training viable tool in OR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039876"}
{"pmid": "1039877", "title": "Excellence in use, choice of technology.", "content": "Excellence in use, choice of technology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039877"}
{"pmid": "1039878", "title": "Progress in OR nursing practice.", "content": "Progress in OR nursing practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039878"}
{"pmid": "1039879", "title": "The pursuit of excellence as a professional goal.", "content": "The pursuit of excellence as a professional goal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039879"}
{"pmid": "1039880", "title": "Nursing practice act revisions.", "content": "Nursing practice act revisions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039880"}
{"pmid": "1039881", "title": "OR nurse as primary care agent.", "content": "OR nurse as primary care agent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039881"}
{"pmid": "1039883", "title": "What determines nursing vs medical diagnosis?", "content": "What determines nursing vs medical diagnosis?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039883"}
{"pmid": "1039882", "title": "Editorial: On certification, Board listens to members' concerns.", "content": "Editorial: On certification, Board listens to members' concerns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039882"}
{"pmid": "1039884", "title": "Do strikes in hospitals justify goals?", "content": "Do strikes in hospitals justify goals?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039884"}
{"pmid": "1039885", "title": "NLN position on licensure.", "content": "NLN position on licensure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039885"}
{"pmid": "1039886", "title": "Body's response to infection.", "content": "Body's response to infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039886"}
{"pmid": "1039887", "title": "The RN as negotiator.", "content": "The RN as negotiator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039887"}
{"pmid": "1039888", "title": "Anesthetic control for oral surgery.", "content": "Anesthetic control for oral surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039888"}
{"pmid": "1039889", "title": "Therapeutic, cosmetic effects of oral surgery.", "content": "Therapeutic, cosmetic effects of oral surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039889"}
{"pmid": "1039890", "title": "Riders of the cyclone.", "content": "Riders of the cyclone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039890"}
{"pmid": "1039891", "title": "The family practice nurse.", "content": "The family practice nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039891"}
{"pmid": "1039892", "title": "Milestone in education.", "content": "Milestone in education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039892"}
{"pmid": "1039893", "title": "Education: grappling with a dragon.", "content": "Education: grappling with a dragon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039893"}
{"pmid": "1039894", "title": "Vitamin D. II.", "content": "Vitamin D. II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039894"}
{"pmid": "1039895", "title": "Life times: many the hearts ...", "content": "Life times: many the hearts ...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039895"}
{"pmid": "1039896", "title": "The future of nursing in Australia: an outsider's realities and strategies.", "content": "The future of nursing in Australia: an outsider's realities and strategies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039896"}
{"pmid": "1039897", "title": "Is hospital a dangerous place to work in?", "content": "Is hospital a dangerous place to work in?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039897"}
{"pmid": "1039898", "title": "The class of '74.", "content": "The class of '74.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039898"}
{"pmid": "1039899", "title": "The profession.", "content": "The profession.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039899"}
{"pmid": "1039900", "title": "Vitamins - friend or foe?", "content": "Vitamins - friend or foe?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039900"}
{"pmid": "1039901", "title": "Knock and it shall be opened...", "content": "Knock and it shall be opened...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039901"}
{"pmid": "1039902", "title": "Training for crisis therapy.", "content": "Training for crisis therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039902"}
{"pmid": "1039903", "title": "Cultural relativism and outback nursing.", "content": "Cultural relativism and outback nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039903"}
{"pmid": "1039904", "title": "Home and hospital: an analysis of a bridging exercise.", "content": "Home and hospital: an analysis of a bridging exercise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039904"}
{"pmid": "1039905", "title": "Team nursing--why?", "content": "Team nursing--why?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039905"}
{"pmid": "1039906", "title": "Editorial: Beware of something for nothing (old Australian proverb).", "content": "Editorial: Beware of something for nothing (old Australian proverb).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039906"}
{"pmid": "1039907", "title": "Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of gastroenteritis in children.", "content": "Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the treatment of gastroenteritis in children. In vitro studies indicates that the constitutents of the drug combination co-trimoxazole are synergistic against Salmonella and effective against shigella isolated from children ill with gastroenteritis. The drug is well absorbed in children with gastroenteritis due to a variety of causes and is distributed, excreted and metabolized in a manner similar to that seen in normal adult volunteers. The drug is tolerated well by children with gastroenteritis even in very high dosages. Despite its in vitro and pharmacokinetic advantages, co-trimoxazole was not any more efficient than any other durg or no therapy in the treatment of salmonella gastroenteritis; it seems to have a role, however, in the treatment of typhoid fever and may be life-saving in patients infected with ampicillin- and chloramphenical-resistant strains. It is also effective in the treatment of shigella gastroenteritis and is recommended where ampicillin-resistant strains are encountered. Its potential usefulenss for the treatment of other bacterial causes of gastroenteritis in children must be evaluated by further controlled therapeutic trials.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039907"}
{"pmid": "1039909", "title": "Genetic control of wing disc development in  Drosophila.", "content": "Genetic control of wing disc development in  Drosophila. In multicellular organisms morphogenesis results from organized cell proliferation and spatial cell differentiation.  A genetic approach to development has the two-fold task of explaining how the genetic information is selected and how it expresses itself in developmental operations.  The genetic and developmental analysis of morphogenetic mutants in Drosophila has thrown some light on both problems.  Experiments on genetic mosaics confirm the idea that the genetic information is expressed within the cell itself.  The behaviour of those morphogenetic mutants in mosaics suggests the existence of at least two classes of morphogenetic genes.  Genes of a first group (cyto-differentiation genes) would include those controlling cell behaviour relevant to morphogenesis and common to most developing systems: mitotic rate, mitotic orientation, cell recognition and cuticular differentiation.  Those of a second group (selector genes) seem to control developmental pathways and share several operational characteristics.  A functional scheme is advanced showing how selector genes may become activated and control development.  We postulate that inductor molecules interfere with the products of activator genes which are selector specific.  In this way signals extrinsic to the genome become translated into genetic ones.  The activation, or repression, of selector genes occurs once in development and remains clonally irreversible.  This, possibly, is the genetic basis of a stable state of determination.  However, the products of these activated selector genes are required throughout subsequent development in order to maintain a certain pathway.  They may function by activating in turn the corresponding cytodifferentiation genes leading to changes in developmental operations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039909"}
{"pmid": "1039910", "title": "Attmepts to analyse the biochemical basis of regional differences in animal eggs.", "content": "Attmepts to analyse the biochemical basis of regional differences in animal eggs. The microinjection of cell material or macromolecules into living cells is potentially useful for identifying cell components responsible for positional information.  Experiments with purified globin mRNA injected into frog oocytes and eggs show that macromolecules can retain their activity when injected into living cells.  Experiments with histones show that injected macromolecules can take up their normal intracellular location in living cells.  Attempts have been made to identify the molecules involved in regulating DNA synthesis, ribosomal RNA synthesis, and early developmental events by fractionating egg cytoplasm, and by rescuing maternal effect mutants.  The present state, and theoretical basis, of such experiments is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039910"}
{"pmid": "1039911", "title": "Pattern specification in the insect embryo.", "content": "Pattern specification in the insect embryo. Specification of developmental pathways by specific determining substances prelocalized in the egg cytoplasm is duscussed using the so-called germ cell determinants as an example.  Some theoretical considerations speak against the assumption that in insects the various elements of the basic body plan are specified by a prelocalized mosaic of specific determinants.  Experimental evidence also points towards a largely epigenetic mode of pattern specification.  The process of axial pattern specification can be altered drastically by experiment: in some insects, tail ends may be formed in place of head parts and identical wequences of bocy segments may be specified two or even three times along the longitudinal egg axis.  The experimental results indicate that polarity and regional character of pattern elements formed are specified by one and the same influence, and that this influence can be shifted to or simulated in various other egg regions by transposition or elimination of egg components, or by UV irradiation.  Evidence obtained from several types of experiment in the chironomid midge Smittia points towards a key role for local metabolsim or energy charge in determination of cell polarity and in pattern specification.  A model for embryonic pattern specification involving differential reaction of cells to a system of longitudinal gradients, which was proposed in 1960, can in principle formally account for all results described.  Some striking coincidences of model and experimental results with Wolpert's concept of positional information are noted.  Finally it is pointed out that universality of mechansims for pattern specification is much more likely with respect to formal principles than at the level of their physiological realization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039911"}
{"pmid": "1039912", "title": "The development of neuronal connection patterns in the visual systems of insects.", "content": "The development of neuronal connection patterns in the visual systems of insects. The retina of the compound eye contains a patterned spatial array of receptor cell groups whose symmetry and component numerical constancy allow the unique identification of individual cells.  The axon connection patterns arising from the retina similarly are uniquely identifiable and relate by simple consistnet transpositons to the retinal position of their somata.  The coincidence of these features and the epidermal origin or retinula cells provides a model system for the developmental analysis of neural patterns.  It is known that the retina develops by a wave of determinative mitoses and subsequent cellular differentiation, transmitted inductively from a posteriorly situated differentiation centre, which passes over the prospective eye field independently of the growing axon connections with the optic lobe.  The ganglion cells of the optic lobe are similarly produced in a temporal sequence but their subsequent differentiation depends on centripetal innervation and proceeds as a wave initiated in the retina.  Axon growth between the retina and optic neuropiles occurs in this temporal sequence, appears largely non-exploratory and dependent on mechanical guidance.  By contrast, individual axon connections within the neuropile form probabilistically by extensive filopod explorations between cones.  Both growth between and growth within the neuropile depend upon features in the pattern of retinal development which are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039912"}
{"pmid": "1039914", "title": "The structure and properties of a compartment border: the intersegmental boundary in Oncopeltus.", "content": "The structure and properties of a compartment border: the intersegmental boundary in Oncopeltus. García-Bellido et al. have described how groups of cells in developing Drosophila become subdivided into 'compartments'.  Cells within any compartment have rigid prospective fates such that, while their progeny may give rise to variable regions within a compartment, they can never generate cells in any other compartment.  Analysis of the position and shapes on clones allows definition of the compartment boundaries.  I report studies on a compartment boundary (likewise demonstrated by clonal analysis) in the hemipteran insects Oncopeltus and Rhodnius.  The advantage of this border is that it can easily be identified in the light and electron microscopes.  There is an abrupt change of cell shape at the border, which has been analysed by means of serial electron microscope sections.  The types of cell junctions at the border and elsewhere are compared and shown to have no qualitative differences.  The border is an effective barrier to the growth of peripheral sensory axons, although not apparently to dendrites.  The intersegmental boundary allows passage of information relating to cuticle deposition, wounding response, tracheolar movement and intercellular coupling.  Making wounds across the border leads to greater effects on polarity of epidermal cells than making similar wounds elsewhere on the tergites.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039914"}
{"pmid": "1039913", "title": "Topography and topology in functional recovery of regenreated sensory and motor systems.", "content": "Topography and topology in functional recovery of regenreated sensory and motor systems. Motor and sensory nerves can re-establish coordinated movement and accurate sensation when they regrow into denervated tissues of some lower vertebrates.  Motor nerves achieve their end by a competitive process in which each motoneuron innervates many muscle fibres but, in the presence of many applicants, only those synapses from motoneurons most appropriate to a muscle cell, with respect to the original pattern of development, are retained in a functional state.  The discharge pattern of a motoneuron, determined by its connections with the network of central interneurons, is not sensitive to the location of the muscles in which the axon terminates, but the efficacy of transmission from the terminals is.  Sensory nerves re-establish their functional specificity as to receptor type by an inductive  process occurring at the terminals along with the cessation of growth.  However, in the case of cutaneous nerves they can terminate anywhere over the skin surface.  The return of correctly localized reflex behaviour therefore demands a restructuring of the central nervous system in response to local position-specific signals, presumably of developmental origin, that are supplied to the sensory nerves by the skin.  The re-arrangement of the central nervous connections made by the central processes of the sensory neurons probably uses the same competitive mechanism of enabling and disabling formed synaptic connections as is used in sorting out the correct site of functional termination of the peripheral processes of motoneurons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039913"}
{"pmid": "1039915", "title": "A molecular approach to retinotectal specificity.", "content": "A molecular approach to retinotectal specificity. An assay is described to examine the hypothesis that retinal neurons adhere preferentially to that part of the optic tectum near theri normal synaptic termini.  The method measures the adherence of isotopically labelled cell bodies from either the dorsal or ventral half of the neural retina of chick embryos to dorsal and ventral tectum halves.  When a labelled cell suspension is prepared from a dorsal half-retina, more cells adhere to the ventral half of the tectum.  When the cells are from the ventral part of the retina, more bind to the dorsal half of the tectum.  This preferential adhesion mimics the retinotectal projection found in vivo and supports an interpretation of neuronal specificity dependent on cell surface adhesive properties.  Molecular mokels are presented that utilize glycosyltransferases and their substrates as the basis for adhesive recognition.  Two of these models suggest that quantitative changes in the distribution of transferases and their substrates determine retinotectal specificity.  The third proposes qualitative variations in these molecules across the retina and tectum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039915"}
{"pmid": "1039917", "title": "Feather pattern development.", "content": "Feather pattern development. Experiments on skin development in amniotes have shown conclusively that the pattern of cutaneous appendages is determined by the dermis.  The following concept of feather pattern formation is proposed.  The diameter of feather rudiments and the dermal cell density inside the dermal feather condensations are genetically fixed, region-specific parameters.  The first feather rudiment is established along the middorsal line (in the lumbar region) as soon as a sufficient width of dense dermis is available.  This occurs at about 6 1/2 days in the chick embryo.  The next rudiments are formed in front of and behind the first one, within the longitudinal band of dense dermis.  They are laid down as close as possible to the first one, given rudiment diameter and dermal condensation cell density.  In other words, as they form, the middorsal rudiments are tangent circles.. Later they become separated from one another due to longitudinal growth.  As progressively more dense dermis becomes available to the sides of the middorsal row of rudiments, new rudiments are being laid down lateral to the middorsal row, in successive longitudinal rows, until, by 9 or 10 days, all the available dense dermis has been used up.  Again, the rudiments in the lateral rows, given their diameter and dermal condensation cell density, develop as close as possible to those of the preceding row, i.e. tangentially to two neighbouring rudiments of the preceding row, thus generating a hexagonal pattern.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039917"}
{"pmid": "1039916", "title": "Closing remarks: the genetic outlook.", "content": "Closing remarks: the genetic outlook.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039916"}
{"pmid": "1039918", "title": "Regeneration and duplication in imaginal discs.", "content": "Regeneration and duplication in imaginal discs. When two complementary fragments of a Drosophila imaginal disc are cultured in adult abdomens before transfer to host larvae for metamorphosis, the usual result is that one of the two fragments regenerates the missing parts while the other fragment duplicates the anlagen already present.  To account for this it is proposed that in the disc there is a gradient of developmental capacity, by which new positional information can be generated from a cut surface only in the downward direction in the gradient, irrespective of the physical direction faced by the cut surface.  The same kind of behaviour is shown by other epimorphic systems, such as the regenerating appendages of amphibians and of hemmimetabolous insects, and the regenerating body segments of annelids.  The regeneration-duplication rule has been shown to apply for thirteen different cuts in the wing disc, some across the proximodistal and others across the anteroposterior axis.  In both axes there is a reversal in the direction of regenerative ability at the approximate centre of the disc.  As an alternative to the hypothesis of orthogonal double gradients, it is proposed that the wing disc has multiple gradients of developmental capacity which radiate from the centre of the disc.  The location of this centre is known, and its properties are being studied.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039918"}
{"pmid": "1039919", "title": "Morphogenesis of the vertebrate limb.", "content": "Morphogenesis of the vertebrate limb. Pattern formation in both the developing and the regenerating vertebrate limb can be understood in terms of the assignment of positional values to cells.  The positional value may then control the selection of a course of cytodifferentiation as, say, muscle or cartilage.  It is proposed that the proximodistal coordinate of positional value is extablished by a mechanism based on autonomous change with time in a 'progress zone' at the tip of the limb bud.  The anteroposterior coordinate seems to be specified by a positional signal from an orgainzing region.  Only cells in the progress zone respond to this signal.  The change of character in the progress zone may be linked to cell division.  It seems that each skeletal rudiment may initially be the same length, corresponding to the amount of tissue that leaves the progress zone during one cell cycle.  The lengths on the skeletal elements are already specified shortly after exit from the progress zone, and are capable of very little regulation.  The positional value may determine the pregramme of later growth.  The relevance of the progress zone model to epimorphic regulation, and amphibian limb regeneration in particular, is discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039919"}
{"pmid": "1039920", "title": "[No more hunger: hunger never again!].", "content": "[No more hunger: hunger never again!].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039920"}
{"pmid": "1039921", "title": "Impotence as a practical problem.", "content": "Impotence as a practical problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039921"}
{"pmid": "1039908", "title": "Hypertension. Part I. detection and evaluation.", "content": "Hypertension. Part I. detection and evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039908"}
{"pmid": "1039951", "title": "Models for midwifery clinical practice.", "content": "Models for midwifery clinical practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039951"}
{"pmid": "1039952", "title": "Cognition and person perception in an aging population.", "content": "Cognition and person perception in an aging population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039952"}
{"pmid": "1039954", "title": "An investigation of the sharing of common fears between mothers and their eleven year-old children in middle-class families.", "content": "An investigation of the sharing of common fears between mothers and their eleven year-old children in middle-class families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039954"}
{"pmid": "1039953", "title": "Scholarship - a woman's perspective.", "content": "Scholarship - a woman's perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039953"}
{"pmid": "1039975", "title": "Editorials, review articles, and case reports.", "content": "Editorials, review articles, and case reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039975"}
{"pmid": "1039982", "title": "Adult respiratory distress syndrome.", "content": "Adult respiratory distress syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039982"}
{"pmid": "1039978", "title": "Continuing evaluation of coronary care.", "content": "Continuing evaluation of coronary care. Continuing evaluation of coronary care is necessary to determine its present effectiveness and to establish direction in the effort to decrease mortality after myocardial infarction. Data have been collected on 157 consecutive patients diagnosed as having myocardial infarction who were admitted to the coronary-care unit at St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Ariz. The hospital is a teaching hospital with a 560-bed capacity. Data sheets were completed on each patient at the time of transfer from the coronary-care unit. The accumulated data were processed by a computer at the end of a 13-month period. The overall mortality for the group was 16.5 per cent. The factors which were found to have a significant effect on mortality were: (1) location of infarction, (2) presence of heart failure, (3) occurrence of cardiogenic shock, (4) age, and (5) the presence of intraventricular conduction defect. In 19 of the 26 deaths after myocardial infarction, the terminal event was associated with congestive heart failure, pulmonary edema, or cardiogenic shock. Three patients died of resistant arrhythmia, four of ventricular rupture. These figures indicate that arrhythmia is not a primary cause of death after myocardial infarction and that attention must also be directed to the early diagnosis and treatment of left ventricular failure if coronary care survival rates are to improve.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039978"}
{"pmid": "1039980", "title": "Stress on the nurse and therapist in the intensive-care unit and the coronary-care unit.", "content": "Stress on the nurse and therapist in the intensive-care unit and the coronary-care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039980"}
{"pmid": "1039977", "title": "Mortality of myocardial infarction treated in the coronary-care unit.", "content": "Mortality of myocardial infarction treated in the coronary-care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039977"}
{"pmid": "1039976", "title": "The use of intra-aortic belloon counterpulsation in the management of cardiogenic shock.", "content": "The use of intra-aortic belloon counterpulsation in the management of cardiogenic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039976"}
{"pmid": "1039983", "title": "The electrocardiographic features of left ventricular \"overload\".", "content": "The electrocardiographic features of left ventricular \"overload\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039983"}
{"pmid": "1039995", "title": "American College of Sports Medicine: position statement on prevention of heat injuries during distance running.", "content": "American College of Sports Medicine: position statement on prevention of heat injuries during distance running.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039995"}
{"pmid": "1039979", "title": "Clinical evaluation of a new computerized arrhythmia monitoring system.", "content": "Clinical evaluation of a new computerized arrhythmia monitoring system. A study has been made of the accuracy of a computerized system of arrhythmia monitoring in the coronary-care unit of the Palo Alto Veterans Administration Hospital. The system provides beat-to-beat analysis of cardiac rhythm and QRS morphology and stores information for display of incidence of abnormalities and trend curves. The variables monitored by the system include: (1) heart rate, (2) early beats, (3) late beats, (4) abnormal QRS waveforms, and combinations of 2, 3, and 4. Accuracy analysis was performed using a standard ECG trace with a simultaneous record of computer classification of each QRS complex on a dual-channel recorder. Thirty-four patients with various cardiac arrhythmias were studied and 188,000 QRS complexes were evaluated. The number of true abnormal beats (abnormal in timing or waveform) recorded by the ECG was 12,194 out of 188,000 or 6.5 per cent. Computer classification accuracy was as follows: false positives (computer diagnosis abnormal but ECG diagnosis normal), 0.10 per cent (191 complexes) of all complexes and 1.56 per cent of true positives. False negatives (computer diagnosis normal but ECG diagnosis abnormal), 0.70 per cent (84 complexes) of abnormal beats. Computer monitoring and analysis of seven variables in cardiac rhythm and QRS waveform abnormalities can be performed with a high degree of accuracy using a compact computer system suitable for intensive-care units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039979"}
{"pmid": "1039988", "title": "Comparison of A-V block due to acute myocardial infarction and chronic conduction system disease.", "content": "Comparison of A-V block due to acute myocardial infarction and chronic conduction system disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039988"}
{"pmid": "1039996", "title": "An osteopathically integrated approach to the whiplash complex.", "content": "An osteopathically integrated approach to the whiplash complex.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039996"}
{"pmid": "1039997", "title": "Primary angiosarcoma of the brain: report of a case.", "content": "Primary angiosarcoma of the brain: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039997"}
{"pmid": "1039985", "title": "A symposium on surgery for coronary artery disease. Pre-infarction syndrome--surgical indications.", "content": "A symposium on surgery for coronary artery disease. Pre-infarction syndrome--surgical indications. Although the atherosclerotic process does not penetrate the coronary circulation at subendocardial levesl, the hemodynamic effects of coronary arterial narrowing occur at the endocardial and myocardial cellular levels. Theee resultant deprivation of blood supply to these tissue areas eventually leads to myocardial infarction. In certain clinical situations, a sudden increase in symptoms signifies and impending acute ischemic process. Three parameters have clinically been used to evaluate the changes that lead progressively to myocardial infarction: symptoms, electrocardiogram, and serum enzyme levels. The typical preinfarction patient experiences episodes of acute angina pectoris, sometimes intense and prolonged, and often unresponsive to nitroglycerin. Physical examination is usually not remarkable, serum enzyme levels are normal if tissue damage has not occurred, and the electrocardiogram is variable with pain. Th pathologic process in the preinfarction patient is frequently confined to the proximal arterial segment of one or more of the coronary arteries, usually in the form of a high-grade (in excess of 95 per cent) atherosclerotic lesion. This pathologic condition presents a satisfactory distal arterial segment suitable for bypass, and these patients are ideal candidates for urgent myocardial revascularization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039985"}
{"pmid": "1039986", "title": "Surgical correction of coronary arterial disease associated with lesions of the aorta ad its major branches.", "content": "Surgical correction of coronary arterial disease associated with lesions of the aorta ad its major branches. When a candidate for aortocoronary bypass has an associated lesion of the aorta orone of its major branches, a single operation may be indicated for correction of both problems. Three typical cases illustrate the concept of the combined approach to surgical management of coronary arterial lesions and associated carotid arterial disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and superficial-femoral arterial disease. An aortocoronary bypass candidate with carotid stenosis may be in imminent danger of both myocardial infarction and stroke. The selection of the proper sequence of operations under these circumstances is extremely important because any form of hypotension might produce a stroke. Cardiopulmonary bypass usually results in at least a transient reduction of the systemic pressure which would further compromise the blood flow across the tight stenosis of the carotid artery. Therefore, we recommended repair of the carotid lesion before aortocoronary bypass is attempted in order to avoid the possibility of postoperative stroke. The combined presence of coronary arterial disease and abdominal aortic aneurysm is indication for operation, but resection of the aneurysm involves cross-clamping of the aorta, and subsequent changes in arterial pressure might impair the coronary circulation and lead to myocardial infarction. On the other hand, the systemic heparinization required for the establishment of cardiopulmonary bypass and arterial pressure changes could affect the integrity of aneurysm. Unless the abdominal aneurysm is expanding, however, we elect to perform coronay revascularization first, with resection and graft replacement of the aneurysm immediately after heparin reversal. Occlusive disease of the superficial femoral artery can be corrected immediately following aortocoronary bypass. Since the femoral and upper leg incisions have been performed, in certain cases it is convenient to complete the femoral popliteal bypass while the chest is being closed, thus saving a separate operation to correct the femoral occlusive disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039986"}
{"pmid": "1039998", "title": "A comprehensive program of health care utilizing the team approach to the education of the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.", "content": "A comprehensive program of health care utilizing the team approach to the education of the patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039998"}
{"pmid": "1039981", "title": "As the patient views the intensive-care unit and the coronary-care unit.", "content": "As the patient views the intensive-care unit and the coronary-care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039981"}
{"pmid": "1039984", "title": "Cardiac pacemakers. IV. Complications of pacing.", "content": "Cardiac pacemakers. IV. Complications of pacing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039984"}
{"pmid": "1040000", "title": "Dental equilibration and osteopathy.", "content": "Dental equilibration and osteopathy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040000"}
{"pmid": "1039999", "title": "Bronchofiberscopic examinations by pulmonary physicians: a review of 350 cases.", "content": "Bronchofiberscopic examinations by pulmonary physicians: a review of 350 cases.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039999"}
{"pmid": "1039991", "title": "Radiation pneumonitis producing respiratory failure.", "content": "Radiation pneumonitis producing respiratory failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039991"}
{"pmid": "1039987", "title": "Visual inspection of the patient with cardiopulmonary disease.", "content": "Visual inspection of the patient with cardiopulmonary disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039987"}
{"pmid": "1039990", "title": "Cardiac pacemakers: indications and complications.", "content": "Cardiac pacemakers: indications and complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039990"}
{"pmid": "1039989", "title": "Phasic aberrant ventricular conduction manifesting as right bundle branch block with left anterior hemiblock.", "content": "Phasic aberrant ventricular conduction manifesting as right bundle branch block with left anterior hemiblock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039989"}
{"pmid": "1040002", "title": "The nurse and acute spinal injury.", "content": "The nurse and acute spinal injury.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040002"}
{"pmid": "1040001", "title": "Corrective procedures for disorders of the foot.", "content": "Corrective procedures for disorders of the foot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040001"}
{"pmid": "1039994", "title": "Letter: Measurements of lateral wall pressures exerted by tracheostomy and endotracheal tube cuffs.", "content": "Letter: Measurements of lateral wall pressures exerted by tracheostomy and endotracheal tube cuffs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039994"}
{"pmid": "1039993", "title": "Letter: Electrocardiographic changes associated with hyperkalemia.", "content": "Letter: Electrocardiographic changes associated with hyperkalemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039993"}
{"pmid": "1040003", "title": "Presidential address.", "content": "Presidential address.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040003"}
{"pmid": "1040004", "title": "Technical note: a new flexible radiopaque silicone rubber aqueductal catheter.", "content": "Technical note: a new flexible radiopaque silicone rubber aqueductal catheter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040004"}
{"pmid": "1040005", "title": "Dorsal column stimulator: nursing aspects.", "content": "Dorsal column stimulator: nursing aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040005"}
{"pmid": "1040006", "title": "Microtechnical nursing in neurosurgery.", "content": "Microtechnical nursing in neurosurgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040006"}
{"pmid": "1039992", "title": "Peritonitis--old and new thoughts.", "content": "Peritonitis--old and new thoughts. A review of the etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and clinical picture of peritonitis is presented. A regimen for treatment is outlined. Complications and newer methods of adjuvant therapy are discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1039992"}
{"pmid": "1040007", "title": "Micro-surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms.", "content": "Micro-surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040007"}
{"pmid": "1040008", "title": "Nursing involvement with monitoring of ICP.", "content": "Nursing involvement with monitoring of ICP.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040008"}
{"pmid": "1040009", "title": "Dorsal column stimulation.", "content": "Dorsal column stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040009"}
{"pmid": "1040010", "title": "Nursing implications in the administration of urea.", "content": "Nursing implications in the administration of urea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040010"}
{"pmid": "1040011", "title": "Abnormal respiratory patterns in the comatose patient caused by intracranial dysfunction.", "content": "Abnormal respiratory patterns in the comatose patient caused by intracranial dysfunction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040011"}
{"pmid": "1040012", "title": "The why's and what's of private practice.", "content": "The why's and what's of private practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040012"}
{"pmid": "1040013", "title": "Body rhythm effects on rotating work shifts.", "content": "Body rhythm effects on rotating work shifts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040013"}
{"pmid": "1040014", "title": "Patients' perception of care under team and primary nursing.", "content": "Patients' perception of care under team and primary nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040014"}
{"pmid": "1040016", "title": "The hospital setting and patient care outcomes. Part I.", "content": "The hospital setting and patient care outcomes. Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040016"}
{"pmid": "1040019", "title": "Nursing practice research: what's it all about?", "content": "Nursing practice research: what's it all about?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040019"}
{"pmid": "1040029", "title": "Hospital involvement in community health care.", "content": "Hospital involvement in community health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040029"}
{"pmid": "1040017", "title": "The clinical specialist: from hospital, to clinic, to community.", "content": "The clinical specialist: from hospital, to clinic, to community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040017"}
{"pmid": "1040018", "title": "Institutional politics.", "content": "Institutional politics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040018"}
{"pmid": "1040030", "title": "Abdominal X-ray changes in kwashiorkor before and after barium.", "content": "Abdominal X-ray changes in kwashiorkor before and after barium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040030"}
{"pmid": "1040020", "title": "Staff development: what are the qualifications?", "content": "Staff development: what are the qualifications?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040020"}
{"pmid": "1040031", "title": "Prolonged breastfeeding as a birth spacing method.", "content": "Prolonged breastfeeding as a birth spacing method.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040031"}
{"pmid": "1040023", "title": "Nursing research priorities.", "content": "Nursing research priorities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040023"}
{"pmid": "1040015", "title": "Future shock invades nursing.", "content": "Future shock invades nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040015"}
{"pmid": "1040032", "title": "The use of the icterometer in assessing neonatal jaundice.", "content": "The use of the icterometer in assessing neonatal jaundice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040032"}
{"pmid": "1040021", "title": "Non-profit hospitals and the National Labor Relations Act--first issues.", "content": "Non-profit hospitals and the National Labor Relations Act--first issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040021"}
{"pmid": "1040033", "title": "Logical-flow diagrams in the training of health workers.", "content": "Logical-flow diagrams in the training of health workers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040033"}
{"pmid": "1040024", "title": "The planning and evaluation of automated systems: a nurse's point of view.", "content": "The planning and evaluation of automated systems: a nurse's point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040024"}
{"pmid": "1040025", "title": "Management time: who's got the monkey?", "content": "Management time: who's got the monkey?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040025"}
{"pmid": "1040034", "title": "Rickets and exposure to sunshine (presentation of two cases).", "content": "Rickets and exposure to sunshine (presentation of two cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040034"}
{"pmid": "1040028", "title": "The advanced nursing practitioner: a dilemma for supervisors.", "content": "The advanced nursing practitioner: a dilemma for supervisors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040028"}
{"pmid": "1040026", "title": "The modified work week for nursing staff on two pediatric units.", "content": "The modified work week for nursing staff on two pediatric units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040026"}
{"pmid": "1040035", "title": "An evaluation of nutrition classes for mothers in a pediatric clinic setting.", "content": "An evaluation of nutrition classes for mothers in a pediatric clinic setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040035"}
{"pmid": "1040036", "title": "Recent trends in infant carrying.  (The demise of the perambulator--a silent revolution in infant carrying methods and their effect on somatic and cognitive development in infants.", "content": "Recent trends in infant carrying.  (The demise of the perambulator--a silent revolution in infant carrying methods and their effect on somatic and cognitive development in infants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040036"}
{"pmid": "1040027", "title": "Executive recruiters and the nursing service administrator.", "content": "Executive recruiters and the nursing service administrator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040027"}
{"pmid": "1040022", "title": "Tapping human resources.", "content": "Tapping human resources.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040022"}
{"pmid": "1040078", "title": "Pediatric nurse practitioner preparation in a graduate program.", "content": "Pediatric nurse practitioner preparation in a graduate program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040078"}
{"pmid": "1040111", "title": "Editorial: Reorganisation--is it working?", "content": "Editorial: Reorganisation--is it working?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040111"}
{"pmid": "1040112", "title": "Health education and the elderly.", "content": "Health education and the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040112"}
{"pmid": "1040113", "title": "Developments in the treatment of sexual dysfunction.", "content": "Developments in the treatment of sexual dysfunction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040113"}
{"pmid": "1040114", "title": "Drugs used in alcoholism.", "content": "Drugs used in alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040114"}
{"pmid": "1040115", "title": "Editorial: Midwives and family planning.", "content": "Editorial: Midwives and family planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040115"}
{"pmid": "1040117", "title": "Attitudes of a group of mothers to breast feeding. Part 2.", "content": "Attitudes of a group of mothers to breast feeding. Part 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040117"}
{"pmid": "1040116", "title": "Assessment of placental function.", "content": "Assessment of placental function.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040116"}
{"pmid": "1040118", "title": "Editorial: Remember Maria.", "content": "Editorial: Remember Maria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040118"}
{"pmid": "1040119", "title": "Lipreading, hearing aids and the elderly.", "content": "Lipreading, hearing aids and the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040119"}
{"pmid": "1040121", "title": "Editorial: Time for restraint.", "content": "Editorial: Time for restraint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040121"}
{"pmid": "1040120", "title": "Drugs used for psoriasis.", "content": "Drugs used for psoriasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040120"}
{"pmid": "1040122", "title": "Pill or IUD?", "content": "Pill or IUD?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040122"}
{"pmid": "1040123", "title": "A survey of children's thoughts in hospital compared with what mothers feel.", "content": "A survey of children's thoughts in hospital compared with what mothers feel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040123"}
{"pmid": "1040125", "title": "Pain and parenting.", "content": "Pain and parenting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040125"}
{"pmid": "1040124", "title": "The school in the community.", "content": "The school in the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040124"}
{"pmid": "1040126", "title": "Drugs for scalp disorders.", "content": "Drugs for scalp disorders.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040126"}
{"pmid": "1040127", "title": "Mabel Liddiard memorial lecture; mothering: the facilitating environment.", "content": "Mabel Liddiard memorial lecture; mothering: the facilitating environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040127"}
{"pmid": "1040128", "title": "11. Inservice education for senior midwives.", "content": "11. Inservice education for senior midwives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040128"}
{"pmid": "1040129", "title": "Aminophylline used for premature labour.", "content": "Aminophylline used for premature labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040129"}
{"pmid": "1040130", "title": "Hospital smoke.", "content": "Hospital smoke.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040130"}
{"pmid": "1040131", "title": "Guidelines for teacers of parentcraft and relaxation. 7. Relaxation.", "content": "Guidelines for teacers of parentcraft and relaxation. 7. Relaxation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040131"}
{"pmid": "1040132", "title": "Decisions to treat critically ill patients: a comparison of social versus medical considerations.", "content": "Decisions to treat critically ill patients: a comparison of social versus medical considerations. A questionnaire survey shows that physicians in four medical specialties evaluate chronically and terminally ill patients not only in terms of the physiological aspects of illness but also in terms of the extent to which they are capable of interacting with others. A patient's potential capacity to perform his social roles depends upon his \"salvageability,\" i;e., the likelihood that he will be able to resume his roles and the degree of irreversible physical or mental damage which indicates his capacity for resuming them. The priorities in terms of treatment are the following: (1) salvageable patients with physical damage; (2) salvageable patients with mental damage and unsalvageable patients with physical damage; (3) unsalvageable patients with mental damage. Within these catagories variables such as patient attitude, family attitude, age, and social class, which define the social environment of the patient, also influence the physician's decision to treat him. Studies of hospital records of cases in two of the specialties were consistent with they survey findings. The findings suggest that there is a disparity between the traditional ethic concerning the treatment of such patients and the actual behavior of many physicians. As a solution to the inconsistencies between ideal and actual behavior, the development of medical guidelines for the withdrawal of treatment with respect ot certain specifically defined conditions is recommended.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040132"}
{"pmid": "1040134", "title": "New organizations out of old ones: teaching group practices out of private practice and outpatient departments.", "content": "New organizations out of old ones: teaching group practices out of private practice and outpatient departments. A private group practice and a traditional hospital medical clinic are joined together as a teaching group practice for primary care (Internal Medical Associates). Responsible for revenues as well as costs, the practice is administered by a board of managers composed of physicians, nurses, and administrators in the practice. This decentralization of practice from the clinical department and hospital administration has resulted in (1) a reduction in the numbers of physicians needed for the practice, (2) a greater visit census with increased physician productivity, and (3) a reduced operating deficit and better understanding of transient and educational costs. The matrix organization of the board of managers has resulted in better communication and a commitment of the staff to common goals. Public demand for a single standard of care for patients of all backgrounds, professional aspirations to work in groups, and educators' interest in training outside the hospital converge to make such reorganizations of practical necessity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040134"}
{"pmid": "1040133", "title": "The development of ambiguous federal policy: early and periodic screening, diagnosis, and treatment (EPSDT).", "content": "The development of ambiguous federal policy: early and periodic screening, diagnosis, and treatment (EPSDT). This paper examines why Congress's first major program for comprehensive health care to needy children took five years to begin even partial operation. An examination of the 1967 program's legislative history reveals that Congress paid little attention to EPSDT's implications: it was left ambiguous whether health (Title V) or welfare (Title XIX) would administer; costs were never clearly stated; eligibility and scope of services to be provided were left vague. Despite pressure from welfare rights interest groups, these ambiguities delayed the preparation of regulation and guidelines which never did succeed in resolving the question of overlapping jurisdiction and costs. In addition, many states' resistance to paying for the program further held up implementation. The paper concluded that: (1) Congress's and HEW's unwillingness to face up to the real costs of health programs threatens long-term public and state support for such programs; (2) division of responsibility between health and welfare lessens the impact of a program; (3) grant-in-aid programs give states the power to distort the intent of federal health policies; and (4) where states fail to implement such policies, initiatives may pass to consumer advocacy groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040133"}
{"pmid": "1040135", "title": "Teamwork in health care in the U.S.: a sociological perspective.", "content": "Teamwork in health care in the U.S.: a sociological perspective. Reactions to teamwork, whether in health care, science and research, or in other areas, are seldom neutral. While some see in it a panacea that will help solve many stubborn organizational problems, others condemn it on a variety of grounds. Impetus to the development of team approaches to the delivery of health care and concern over their performance have been tied to a number of trends: a marked increase in specialization and division of labor as a result of expansion in health-related knowledge and technology, a corresponding emphasis upon coordination, a broadening concept of health and an increase in the types of activities included under its rubric, and a manpower shortage especially in the highly trained professions. This paper reviews current studies, important findings, and points out neglected dimensions. Themes prominent in the literature include: (a) status, power, authority, and influence; (b) roles and professional domains; and (c) decision making and communication. A number of important dimensions seem to be neglected, such as the effectiveness of teams as an approach to the delivery of services, the modes of organization and the dilemma of gate-keeping decisions, and the relations of team approaches to the manpower problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040135"}
{"pmid": "1040138", "title": "Services of the NRPB (National Radiological Protection Board).", "content": "Services of the NRPB (National Radiological Protection Board).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040138"}
{"pmid": "1040137", "title": "The rationale of safety assessment.", "content": "The rationale of safety assessment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040137"}
{"pmid": "1040139", "title": "Exhaust ventilation.", "content": "Exhaust ventilation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040139"}
{"pmid": "1040147", "title": "[Scheme for an inservice education arrangement].", "content": "[Scheme for an inservice education arrangement].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040147"}
{"pmid": "1040151", "title": "Raising the consciousness of nursing students.", "content": "Raising the consciousness of nursing students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040151"}
{"pmid": "1040152", "title": "Teaching physical assessment.", "content": "Teaching physical assessment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040152"}
{"pmid": "1040154", "title": "Serendipity and objectivity.", "content": "Serendipity and objectivity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040154"}
{"pmid": "1040153", "title": "Process of product evaluation?", "content": "Process of product evaluation?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040153"}
{"pmid": "1040155", "title": "Creativity and nursing research.", "content": "Creativity and nursing research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040155"}
{"pmid": "1040156", "title": "The senior year preceptorship.", "content": "The senior year preceptorship.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040156"}
{"pmid": "1040157", "title": "The school nurse practitioner.", "content": "The school nurse practitioner. Whatever the specific details of their practices, SNPs have shown themselves able to function effectively in their expanded roles because they have assumed more responsibility, initiative, interdependence, and independence in caring for children.  Specifically, they have learned to be confident of their decision-making abilities, to adapt themselves to an expanded framework of nursing, and to regard themselves as highly qualified professionals.  What this means to the individual nurse practitioner, the parent and--most important--the child is well summed up in these remarks from Larea Younkman, SNP in the Denver Public Schools: \"Previously,\" she writes, \"my recommendations to the parents as to what to do and when, such as seeking medical attention, were frequently too general and consequently not heeded by the parent.  Now when I talk to a parent, I am not only confident of my findings but I'm also much more convinced that what I suggest is necessary.  As a result, parents are looking at SNPs differently, trusting our judgment, and, I think, following through on the advice we offer to a greater extent than previously.\"  Thus the SNP could well be the vital bridge between this country's traditional system of health care delivery and those children who are deprived of the care they need through reluctance, ignorance, parental apathy, or lack of available health care facilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040157"}
{"pmid": "1040158", "title": "Editorial: They still make house calls.", "content": "Editorial: They still make house calls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040158"}
{"pmid": "1040159", "title": "Community health nursing: a typology of practice.", "content": "Community health nursing: a typology of practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040159"}
{"pmid": "1040160", "title": "Community assessment: an epidemiological approach.", "content": "Community assessment: an epidemiological approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040160"}
{"pmid": "1040163", "title": "Automobile transportation in community health services.", "content": "Automobile transportation in community health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040163"}
{"pmid": "1040161", "title": "Expanding the public health nurse's role in child care.", "content": "Expanding the public health nurse's role in child care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040161"}
{"pmid": "1040162", "title": "An internship in community health nursing.", "content": "An internship in community health nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040162"}
{"pmid": "1040164", "title": "A conceptual model for preventive health behavior.", "content": "A conceptual model for preventive health behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040164"}
{"pmid": "1040165", "title": "Audio: the oldest medium.", "content": "Audio: the oldest medium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040165"}
{"pmid": "1040167", "title": "Changing the rules of the doctor-nurse game.", "content": "Changing the rules of the doctor-nurse game.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040167"}
{"pmid": "1040166", "title": "Editorial: The two worlds of nursing.", "content": "Editorial: The two worlds of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040166"}
{"pmid": "1040168", "title": "A conceptual framework for curriculum development.", "content": "A conceptual framework for curriculum development. A conceptual framework provides boundaries within which facts, concepts, theories, and propositions from three theoretical sources interact with clarity, coherence, and consistency. From the framework objectives are derived. The framework gives direction to the curriculum design. Finally, the conceptual framework serves as a background against which objectives can be tested. A conceptual framework for curriculum encourages systematic curriculum evaluation that will eventually allow us to more accurately describe, explain, predict, and control the work of curriculum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040168"}
{"pmid": "1040169", "title": "NLN Convention '75.", "content": "NLN Convention '75.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040169"}
{"pmid": "1040171", "title": "Student evaluation by computer.", "content": "Student evaluation by computer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040171"}
{"pmid": "1040170", "title": "Clinical practicum in ambulatory care.", "content": "Clinical practicum in ambulatory care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040170"}
{"pmid": "1040172", "title": "Physicians' attitudes toward nurse-midwives.", "content": "Physicians' attitudes toward nurse-midwives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040172"}
{"pmid": "1040173", "title": "Symposium on restructuring maternity care. Forword.", "content": "Symposium on restructuring maternity care. Forword.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040173"}
{"pmid": "1040175", "title": "The effect of cost on patterns of maternity care.", "content": "The effect of cost on patterns of maternity care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040175"}
{"pmid": "1040174", "title": "The pregnancy-resolution decisions of unwed adolescents.", "content": "The pregnancy-resolution decisions of unwed adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040174"}
{"pmid": "1040176", "title": "Maternity care: an attempt at an alternative.", "content": "Maternity care: an attempt at an alternative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040176"}
{"pmid": "1040177", "title": "A consumer-oriented nurse-midwifery service.", "content": "A consumer-oriented nurse-midwifery service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040177"}
{"pmid": "1040178", "title": "Regionalizing perinatal care in Wisconsin.", "content": "Regionalizing perinatal care in Wisconsin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040178"}
{"pmid": "1040179", "title": "Transforming a community hospital nursing service into a regional center.", "content": "Transforming a community hospital nursing service into a regional center.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040179"}
{"pmid": "1040180", "title": "Education of the perinatal nurse clinician. Program and philosophy.", "content": "Education of the perinatal nurse clinician. Program and philosophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040180"}
{"pmid": "1040181", "title": "Counseling patients with genetic abnormalities.", "content": "Counseling patients with genetic abnormalities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040181"}
{"pmid": "1040182", "title": "Identifying and serving a multiply handicapped population. Deaf-blind children and their families.", "content": "Identifying and serving a multiply handicapped population. Deaf-blind children and their families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040182"}
{"pmid": "1040183", "title": "The socio-sexual development of the handicapped child. A preventive care approach.", "content": "The socio-sexual development of the handicapped child. A preventive care approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040183"}
{"pmid": "1040187", "title": "NHS failings highlighted by complaints. The ombudsman's first annual report.", "content": "NHS failings highlighted by complaints. The ombudsman's first annual report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040187"}
{"pmid": "1040188", "title": "So he comes from a broken home.", "content": "So he comes from a broken home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040188"}
{"pmid": "1040189", "title": "Sickle cell anaemia.", "content": "Sickle cell anaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040189"}
{"pmid": "1040190", "title": "Malabsorption.", "content": "Malabsorption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040190"}
{"pmid": "1040191", "title": "Psychopathic disorder.", "content": "Psychopathic disorder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040191"}
{"pmid": "1040192", "title": "Lassa fever.", "content": "Lassa fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040192"}
{"pmid": "1040184", "title": "\"On to the pub, or is it worth it\".", "content": "\"On to the pub, or is it worth it\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040184"}
{"pmid": "1040195", "title": "Standards of nursing care--why are they falling?", "content": "Standards of nursing care--why are they falling?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040195"}
{"pmid": "1040193", "title": "Science matters.", "content": "Science matters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040193"}
{"pmid": "1040194", "title": "The modern nurse--applied scientist or ministering angel?", "content": "The modern nurse--applied scientist or ministering angel?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040194"}
{"pmid": "1040196", "title": "Midwifery in Holland.", "content": "Midwifery in Holland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040196"}
{"pmid": "1040197", "title": "International family planning.", "content": "International family planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040197"}
{"pmid": "1040199", "title": "A stitch in time...", "content": "A stitch in time...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040199"}
{"pmid": "1040198", "title": "Images of the mentally handicapped.", "content": "Images of the mentally handicapped.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040198"}
{"pmid": "1040200", "title": "Symposium on childbirth - the daily miracle.", "content": "Symposium on childbirth - the daily miracle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040200"}
{"pmid": "1040185", "title": "Dietitian role in the nursing home management plus health.", "content": "Dietitian role in the nursing home management plus health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040185"}
{"pmid": "1040201", "title": "Fetal development and care for the patient at risk.", "content": "Fetal development and care for the patient at risk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040201"}
{"pmid": "1040202", "title": "The domiciliary midwife.", "content": "The domiciliary midwife.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040202"}
{"pmid": "1040204", "title": "Obstetric physiotherapy.", "content": "Obstetric physiotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040204"}
{"pmid": "1040203", "title": "Antenatal preparation.", "content": "Antenatal preparation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040203"}
{"pmid": "1040205", "title": "Supportive care from the social services.", "content": "Supportive care from the social services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040205"}
{"pmid": "1040206", "title": "Analgesia and anaesthesia.", "content": "Analgesia and anaesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040206"}
{"pmid": "1040186", "title": "The professional nurse and care of the aged.", "content": "The professional nurse and care of the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040186"}
{"pmid": "1040207", "title": "Nursing care in hospital: labour and post partum.", "content": "Nursing care in hospital: labour and post partum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040207"}
{"pmid": "1040208", "title": "Childbirth - the daily miracle. The health visitor's role.", "content": "Childbirth - the daily miracle. The health visitor's role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040208"}
{"pmid": "1040209", "title": "Villas for the mentally handicapped.", "content": "Villas for the mentally handicapped.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040209"}
{"pmid": "1040210", "title": "Occupational health in the NHS.", "content": "Occupational health in the NHS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040210"}
{"pmid": "1040211", "title": "Persecution of the agencies.", "content": "Persecution of the agencies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040211"}
{"pmid": "1040212", "title": "Ejection injuries.", "content": "Ejection injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040212"}
{"pmid": "1040213", "title": "Stress incontinence.", "content": "Stress incontinence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040213"}
{"pmid": "1040214", "title": "Physiotherapy in the treatment of stress incontinence.", "content": "Physiotherapy in the treatment of stress incontinence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040214"}
{"pmid": "1040216", "title": "Psychological problems following birth and miscarriage.", "content": "Psychological problems following birth and miscarriage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040216"}
{"pmid": "1040215", "title": "Recurrent diarrhoea in children.", "content": "Recurrent diarrhoea in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040215"}
{"pmid": "1040217", "title": "Management training - where now? (1).", "content": "Management training - where now? (1).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040217"}
{"pmid": "1040219", "title": "Life in Shivangaon; health care in an Indian village.", "content": "Life in Shivangaon; health care in an Indian village.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040219"}
{"pmid": "1040218", "title": "The cottage hospital.", "content": "The cottage hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040218"}
{"pmid": "1040220", "title": "'Learning to live'.", "content": "'Learning to live'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040220"}
{"pmid": "1040221", "title": "Holiday of a lifetime.", "content": "Holiday of a lifetime.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040221"}
{"pmid": "1040222", "title": "Aspects of nurse education and service in America.", "content": "Aspects of nurse education and service in America.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040222"}
{"pmid": "1040224", "title": "The district nurse and the law.", "content": "The district nurse and the law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040224"}
{"pmid": "1040223", "title": "Advice to travellers going abroad.", "content": "Advice to travellers going abroad.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040223"}
{"pmid": "1040225", "title": "Professional advisory machinery--nursing and midwifery.", "content": "Professional advisory machinery--nursing and midwifery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040225"}
{"pmid": "1040226", "title": "Travel and the diabetic.", "content": "Travel and the diabetic.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040226"}
{"pmid": "1040250", "title": "Adapting OR techniques to microneurosurgery.", "content": "Adapting OR techniques to microneurosurgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040250"}
{"pmid": "1040251", "title": "P.I.D. treatment: a growing problem for urban EDs.", "content": "P.I.D. treatment: a growing problem for urban EDs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040251"}
{"pmid": "1040252", "title": "Revisions in practice acts expand role of nurses.", "content": "Revisions in practice acts expand role of nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040252"}
{"pmid": "1040253", "title": "Physical fitness; a key to emotional health.", "content": "Physical fitness; a key to emotional health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040253"}
{"pmid": "1040254", "title": "The transformation of the ED nurse. Part 2. Upgrading skills and status.", "content": "The transformation of the ED nurse. Part 2. Upgrading skills and status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040254"}
{"pmid": "1040255", "title": "An RR experience: as nurse and patient saw it.", "content": "An RR experience: as nurse and patient saw it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040255"}
{"pmid": "1040257", "title": "Emergency nursing--via helicopter!", "content": "Emergency nursing--via helicopter!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040257"}
{"pmid": "1040258", "title": "Putting a ceiling on homeowner's insurance.", "content": "Putting a ceiling on homeowner's insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040258"}
{"pmid": "1040256", "title": "Drugs for acute respiratory failure.", "content": "Drugs for acute respiratory failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040256"}
{"pmid": "1040296", "title": "The art and science of supervision. Your most precious possession: time.", "content": "The art and science of supervision. Your most precious possession: time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040296"}
{"pmid": "1040297", "title": "Developing a projected nurse staffing program.", "content": "Developing a projected nurse staffing program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040297"}
{"pmid": "1040298", "title": "Staffing: the most basic nursing service problem.", "content": "Staffing: the most basic nursing service problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040298"}
{"pmid": "1040300", "title": "Student and pupil nurse wastage.", "content": "Student and pupil nurse wastage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040300"}
{"pmid": "1040299", "title": "Public relations in nursing service.", "content": "Public relations in nursing service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040299"}
{"pmid": "1040301", "title": "Law for the nurse supervisor. Psychiatric patients in acute care hospitals.", "content": "Law for the nurse supervisor. Psychiatric patients in acute care hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040301"}
{"pmid": "1040302", "title": "Editorial: Pause and reflect!", "content": "Editorial: Pause and reflect!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040302"}
{"pmid": "1040303", "title": "Law for the supervisor nurse. Choose life or let die?", "content": "Law for the supervisor nurse. Choose life or let die?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040303"}
{"pmid": "1040304", "title": "On being a supervisor.", "content": "On being a supervisor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040304"}
{"pmid": "1040305", "title": "Nursing guidelines for in-syringe mixtures.", "content": "Nursing guidelines for in-syringe mixtures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040305"}
{"pmid": "1040307", "title": "The art and science of supervision. Your leadership role.", "content": "The art and science of supervision. Your leadership role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040307"}
{"pmid": "1040306", "title": "Creating harmony between supervisor and nurse.", "content": "Creating harmony between supervisor and nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040306"}
{"pmid": "1040308", "title": "Editorial: The question of loyalty.", "content": "Editorial: The question of loyalty.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040308"}
{"pmid": "1040426", "title": "Torsion of the splenic pedicle in a St. Bernard.", "content": "Torsion of the splenic pedicle in a St. Bernard.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040426"}
{"pmid": "1040424", "title": "Critical tests of the benzimidazole anthelmintic, fenbendazole, in the horse.", "content": "Critical tests of the benzimidazole anthelmintic, fenbendazole, in the horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040424"}
{"pmid": "1040425", "title": "Osteochondrosis dissecans of the equine shoulder joint.", "content": "Osteochondrosis dissecans of the equine shoulder joint.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040425"}
{"pmid": "1040423", "title": "The feline corneal nigrum.", "content": "The feline corneal nigrum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040423"}
{"pmid": "1040428", "title": "A case of cranio-mandibular osteopathy in a Labrador Retriever.", "content": "A case of cranio-mandibular osteopathy in a Labrador Retriever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040428"}
{"pmid": "1040427", "title": "Amphotericin B therapy in two cases of feline cryptococcosis.", "content": "Amphotericin B therapy in two cases of feline cryptococcosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040427"}
{"pmid": "1040429", "title": "Clinical evaluation of tylosin in treatment of respiratory tract infections in cats.", "content": "Clinical evaluation of tylosin in treatment of respiratory tract infections in cats.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040429"}
{"pmid": "1040430", "title": "Ovariohysterectomy by the flank approach.", "content": "Ovariohysterectomy by the flank approach.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040430"}
{"pmid": "1040431", "title": "Extirpation of a mammary growth (a photographic essay).", "content": "Extirpation of a mammary growth (a photographic essay).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040431"}
{"pmid": "1040432", "title": "Pyometra in a raccoon.", "content": "Pyometra in a raccoon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040432"}
{"pmid": "1040433", "title": "Parathyroid adenoma in a tortoise.", "content": "Parathyroid adenoma in a tortoise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040433"}
{"pmid": "1040435", "title": "Vitamin B1 deficiency in ruminants.", "content": "Vitamin B1 deficiency in ruminants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040435"}
{"pmid": "1040434", "title": "A clinical evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus bacterin in the control of staphylococcal mastitis in cows.", "content": "A clinical evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus bacterin in the control of staphylococcal mastitis in cows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040434"}
{"pmid": "1040437", "title": "Prevention of baby pig anemia with amino acid chelates.", "content": "Prevention of baby pig anemia with amino acid chelates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040437"}
{"pmid": "1040436", "title": "Peroral use of a special dietary food as a source of electrolytes in diarrheic calves.", "content": "Peroral use of a special dietary food as a source of electrolytes in diarrheic calves.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040436"}
{"pmid": "1040438", "title": "Dominican holiday (?).", "content": "Dominican holiday (?).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040438"}
{"pmid": "1040439", "title": "Are convertibles the answer to your investing problem?", "content": "Are convertibles the answer to your investing problem?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040439"}
{"pmid": "1040440", "title": "How to share income with a younger associate.", "content": "How to share income with a younger associate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040440"}
{"pmid": "1040441", "title": "Is there a VIP you've forgotten?", "content": "Is there a VIP you've forgotten?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040441"}
{"pmid": "1040443", "title": "Is it possible to look forward without looking back?", "content": "Is it possible to look forward without looking back?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040443"}
{"pmid": "1040444", "title": "Perspectives in nursing the mentally handicapped.", "content": "Perspectives in nursing the mentally handicapped.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040444"}
{"pmid": "1040445", "title": "Standards of nursing care.", "content": "Standards of nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040445"}
{"pmid": "1040446", "title": "An approach to general nursing care.", "content": "An approach to general nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040446"}
{"pmid": "1040447", "title": "The role of the nurse in shock.", "content": "The role of the nurse in shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040447"}
{"pmid": "1040464", "title": "Differences in susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae and penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to tetracycline and minocycline.", "content": "Differences in susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae and penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to tetracycline and minocycline. Two hundred strains of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 311 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were compared for their susceptibility to tetracycline and minocycline. Thirteen and one-half percent of the staphylococcal isolates were resistant to tetracycline but susceptible to minocycline. Similarly, 24% of the enterobacterial isolates were found to be tetracycline resistant but susceptible to minocycline. Of a total of 511 recent clinical isolates, 14.5% were susceptible to minocycline but were tetracycline resistant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040464"}
{"pmid": "1040465", "title": "Factors affecting drug action.", "content": "Factors affecting drug action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040465"}
{"pmid": "1040466", "title": "Life times: doctor's dilemma.", "content": "Life times: doctor's dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040466"}
{"pmid": "1040467", "title": "Colostomates: the mosaic of stress and implied care.", "content": "Colostomates: the mosaic of stress and implied care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040467"}
{"pmid": "1040468", "title": "Community psychiatry.", "content": "Community psychiatry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040468"}
{"pmid": "1040469", "title": "The practical strand in--the making of a nurse educator.", "content": "The practical strand in--the making of a nurse educator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040469"}
{"pmid": "1040470", "title": "Will the charge nurse ever change her spots?", "content": "Will the charge nurse ever change her spots?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040470"}
{"pmid": "1040471", "title": "Editorial: Making a threat.", "content": "Editorial: Making a threat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040471"}
{"pmid": "1040472", "title": "Working with the Ngangkari.", "content": "Working with the Ngangkari.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040472"}
{"pmid": "1040474", "title": "Vitamin D.", "content": "Vitamin D.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040474"}
{"pmid": "1040473", "title": "Crisis therapy.", "content": "Crisis therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040473"}
{"pmid": "1040475", "title": "Life times: There are more things...", "content": "Life times: There are more things...", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040475"}
{"pmid": "1040476", "title": "A viable program for schizophrenic out-patients.", "content": "A viable program for schizophrenic out-patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040476"}
{"pmid": "1040477", "title": "Editorial: What's in an image?", "content": "Editorial: What's in an image?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040477"}
{"pmid": "1040479", "title": "Alcoholism--a family disease.", "content": "Alcoholism--a family disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040479"}
{"pmid": "1040478", "title": "Feminism and nursing.", "content": "Feminism and nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040478"}
{"pmid": "1040480", "title": "The matron as a phenomenon.", "content": "The matron as a phenomenon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040480"}
{"pmid": "1040484", "title": "A program of integrated hospital and home nursing care for children.", "content": "A program of integrated hospital and home nursing care for children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040484"}
{"pmid": "1040481", "title": "Evaluation of community health nursing.", "content": "Evaluation of community health nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040481"}
{"pmid": "1040485", "title": "Gateshead home nursing scheme: exercise in co-operation.", "content": "Gateshead home nursing scheme: exercise in co-operation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040485"}
{"pmid": "1040482", "title": "Domiciliary care of sick children in Birmingham - its history and development.", "content": "Domiciliary care of sick children in Birmingham - its history and development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040482"}
{"pmid": "1040486", "title": "Paediatric day-case surgery in Southampton.", "content": "Paediatric day-case surgery in Southampton.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040486"}
{"pmid": "1040483", "title": "The home care scheme in Paddington.", "content": "The home care scheme in Paddington.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040483"}
{"pmid": "1040487", "title": "Hospitals and children.", "content": "Hospitals and children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040487"}
{"pmid": "1040488", "title": "The placenta--mediator of nourishment and protective barrier.", "content": "The placenta--mediator of nourishment and protective barrier.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040488"}
{"pmid": "1040489", "title": "So, you want your child to play sport.", "content": "So, you want your child to play sport.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040489"}
{"pmid": "1040490", "title": "Theory of breast milk substitution.", "content": "Theory of breast milk substitution.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040490"}
{"pmid": "1040492", "title": "Poisoning and its treatment.", "content": "Poisoning and its treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040492"}
{"pmid": "1040491", "title": "Aboriginal unit plays a vital role in children's health.", "content": "Aboriginal unit plays a vital role in children's health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040491"}
{"pmid": "1040493", "title": "Which milk should I use?", "content": "Which milk should I use?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040493"}
{"pmid": "1040494", "title": "The nurse as teacher.", "content": "The nurse as teacher.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040494"}
{"pmid": "1040495", "title": "Treatment of accidents and poisons in children.", "content": "Treatment of accidents and poisons in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040495"}
{"pmid": "1040496", "title": "The Adelaide Children's Hospital School.", "content": "The Adelaide Children's Hospital School.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040496"}
{"pmid": "1040497", "title": "Paediatrics--1975.", "content": "Paediatrics--1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040497"}
{"pmid": "1040499", "title": "Hypnotherapy in paediatrics.", "content": "Hypnotherapy in paediatrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040499"}
{"pmid": "1040498", "title": "Kenya's family plans.", "content": "Kenya's family plans.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040498"}
{"pmid": "1040500", "title": "Do-it-yourself help for the handicapped.", "content": "Do-it-yourself help for the handicapped.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040500"}
{"pmid": "1040501", "title": "Parent participation.", "content": "Parent participation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040501"}
{"pmid": "1040502", "title": "Child abuse.", "content": "Child abuse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040502"}
{"pmid": "1040503", "title": "Role of the intensive care nurse.", "content": "Role of the intensive care nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040503"}
{"pmid": "1040504", "title": "Cot death syndrome.", "content": "Cot death syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040504"}
{"pmid": "1040505", "title": "Is swimming a high priority?", "content": "Is swimming a high priority?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040505"}
{"pmid": "1040506", "title": "Current progress in paediatric surgery.", "content": "Current progress in paediatric surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040506"}
{"pmid": "1040507", "title": "Paediatric nurse practitioners.", "content": "Paediatric nurse practitioners.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040507"}
{"pmid": "1040508", "title": "The home care unit at St. Mary's Hospital, London, W2.", "content": "The home care unit at St. Mary's Hospital, London, W2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040508"}
{"pmid": "1040509", "title": "Care through parent program.", "content": "Care through parent program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040509"}
{"pmid": "1040510", "title": "Children's hospital philosophy.", "content": "Children's hospital philosophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040510"}
{"pmid": "1040511", "title": "The progeny of childhood cancer survivors.", "content": "The progeny of childhood cancer survivors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040511"}
{"pmid": "1040512", "title": "Health Commission of New South Wales.", "content": "Health Commission of New South Wales.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040512"}
{"pmid": "1040513", "title": "Anaemia.", "content": "Anaemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040513"}
{"pmid": "1040514", "title": "Epidural analgesia in obstetrics.", "content": "Epidural analgesia in obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040514"}
{"pmid": "1040515", "title": "Puerperal psychosis.", "content": "Puerperal psychosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040515"}
{"pmid": "1040516", "title": "CCNA (Critical Care Nurses' Association): teaching in the critical care unit.", "content": "CCNA (Critical Care Nurses' Association): teaching in the critical care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040516"}
{"pmid": "1040517", "title": "Building bridges of understanding.", "content": "Building bridges of understanding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040517"}
{"pmid": "1040518", "title": "The effects of nursing home size on resident isolation, life satisfaction.", "content": "The effects of nursing home size on resident isolation, life satisfaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040518"}
{"pmid": "1040519", "title": "Maternal and foetal assessment and nursing management during labor.", "content": "Maternal and foetal assessment and nursing management during labor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040519"}
{"pmid": "1040521", "title": "Background to drug users.", "content": "Background to drug users.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040521"}
{"pmid": "1040522", "title": "The work of the Planning Appeal Board.", "content": "The work of the Planning Appeal Board.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040522"}
{"pmid": "1040520", "title": "Some aspects of anaemia in pregnancy.", "content": "Some aspects of anaemia in pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040520"}
{"pmid": "1040523", "title": "Calvary Hospital graduation ceremony.", "content": "Calvary Hospital graduation ceremony.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040523"}
{"pmid": "1040524", "title": "Stress, occupation and health.", "content": "Stress, occupation and health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040524"}
{"pmid": "1040525", "title": "How safe are our public swimming pools?", "content": "How safe are our public swimming pools?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040525"}
{"pmid": "1040526", "title": "Drug use by the young population of Melbourne.", "content": "Drug use by the young population of Melbourne.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040526"}
{"pmid": "1040528", "title": "Breakthrough in fight against malaria.", "content": "Breakthrough in fight against malaria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040528"}
{"pmid": "1040527", "title": "Sombre picture of NHS.", "content": "Sombre picture of NHS.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040527"}
{"pmid": "1040529", "title": "First paediatric course in Queensland.", "content": "First paediatric course in Queensland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040529"}
{"pmid": "1040531", "title": "The special features of road first aid.", "content": "The special features of road first aid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040531"}
{"pmid": "1040530", "title": "The matron.", "content": "The matron.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040530"}
{"pmid": "1040532", "title": "Occupational health nursing education in New South Wales.", "content": "Occupational health nursing education in New South Wales.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040532"}
{"pmid": "1040533", "title": "An emerging concept in human relations.", "content": "An emerging concept in human relations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040533"}
{"pmid": "1040534", "title": "Epileptics... a community responsibility.", "content": "Epileptics... a community responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040534"}
{"pmid": "1040535", "title": "From a dream to a reality.", "content": "From a dream to a reality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040535"}
{"pmid": "1040537", "title": "Leprosy control in Rhodesia.", "content": "Leprosy control in Rhodesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040537"}
{"pmid": "1040536", "title": "Challenges in emergency nursing - all that jazz!!!", "content": "Challenges in emergency nursing - all that jazz!!!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040536"}
{"pmid": "1040538", "title": "1975--International Women's Year. Women and the law.", "content": "1975--International Women's Year. Women and the law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040538"}
{"pmid": "1040539", "title": "The nurse and the blind patient.", "content": "The nurse and the blind patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040539"}
{"pmid": "1040540", "title": "The challenge of change.", "content": "The challenge of change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040540"}
{"pmid": "1040541", "title": "Sex discrimination and legislation.", "content": "Sex discrimination and legislation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040541"}
{"pmid": "1040542", "title": "Epileptics, a community responsibility.", "content": "Epileptics, a community responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040542"}
{"pmid": "1040543", "title": "Old age in Australia.", "content": "Old age in Australia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040543"}
{"pmid": "1040544", "title": "No easy exit from slavery behind the veil.", "content": "No easy exit from slavery behind the veil.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040544"}
{"pmid": "1040545", "title": "Another view of nursing education.", "content": "Another view of nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040545"}
{"pmid": "1040546", "title": "The polytechnic scheme: it must be revised.", "content": "The polytechnic scheme: it must be revised.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040546"}
{"pmid": "1040547", "title": "Grief, a part of living.", "content": "Grief, a part of living.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040547"}
{"pmid": "1040548", "title": "Indian health in white man's society.", "content": "Indian health in white man's society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040548"}
{"pmid": "1040549", "title": "The nurse.", "content": "The nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040549"}
{"pmid": "1040550", "title": "An evaluation of the use of intraventricularly administered [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine as a marker for endogenous brain 5-hydroxytryptamine.", "content": "An evaluation of the use of intraventricularly administered [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine as a marker for endogenous brain 5-hydroxytryptamine. Following the intraventricular injection of a small amount of [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine ([3H]5-HT), the amount of radioactivity in telencephalic structures on the injected side was 6--7 times larger than that in corresponding areas on the opposite side. Moreover, a multiphasic disappearance of [3H]5-HT from whole brain or midbrain was found after the intraventricular injection of the labeled amine. However, after the intraventricular injection of [3H]tryptophan, the levels of [3H]5-HT in midbrain declined in a monophasic manner. A significant portion of the labeled amine derived from intraventricularly administered [3H]5-HT was resistant to the depleting effect of Ro4-1284 or to that elicited by destruction of the midbrain raphe nuclei, both of which caused an almost complete loss  of endogenous 5-HT and labeled 5-HT formed from tryptophan. It thus appears that the intraventricular injection of [3H]5-HT leads to the formation of artifactual pools which are not present if the amine is synthesized in vivo. Studies with 6-hydroxydopamine suggested, however, that uptake of [3H]5-HT into adrenergic neurons did not occur to any great extent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040550"}
{"pmid": "1040551", "title": "Proteus morganii meningitis treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole).", "content": "Proteus morganii meningitis treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040551"}
{"pmid": "1040614", "title": "Health problems and nursing practice in sub-Saharan Africa.", "content": "Health problems and nursing practice in sub-Saharan Africa.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040614"}
{"pmid": "1040613", "title": "Attitudes towards student nurse allocation programmes.", "content": "Attitudes towards student nurse allocation programmes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040613"}
{"pmid": "1040616", "title": "Professional absorption in Israel of nurse-immigrants from the USSR.", "content": "Professional absorption in Israel of nurse-immigrants from the USSR.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040616"}
{"pmid": "1040615", "title": "A study of oral hygiene in the geriatric patient.", "content": "A study of oral hygiene in the geriatric patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040615"}
{"pmid": "1040617", "title": "Paradoxes and the undergraduate student nurse.", "content": "Paradoxes and the undergraduate student nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040617"}
{"pmid": "1040618", "title": "A new look at nursing education.", "content": "A new look at nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040618"}
{"pmid": "1040619", "title": "Cross-cultural psychotherapy.", "content": "Cross-cultural psychotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040619"}
{"pmid": "1040621", "title": "Problems and progress in Honduras.", "content": "Problems and progress in Honduras.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040621"}
{"pmid": "1040627", "title": "Minocycline sensitivity related to the phage type of multiply resistant staphylococci.", "content": "Minocycline sensitivity related to the phage type of multiply resistant staphylococci. Clinical isolated of multiply antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphlococcus aureus were divided into three  groups by phage typing. The most prevalent type, which is usually cloxacillin resistant, was found to be moderately sensitive to minocycline. Unfortunately the degree of sensitivity is not sufficient to warrant the use of the antibiotic in severe staphlococcal infection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040627"}
{"pmid": "1040628", "title": "Pediatric preceptor programs.", "content": "Pediatric preceptor programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040628"}
{"pmid": "1040629", "title": "Extra benefits from the new pension legislation.", "content": "Extra benefits from the new pension legislation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040629"}
{"pmid": "1040631", "title": "Diagnosis and treatment of uncomplicated hay fever.", "content": "Diagnosis and treatment of uncomplicated hay fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040631"}
{"pmid": "1040630", "title": "Medicolegal pitfalls in emergency room care.", "content": "Medicolegal pitfalls in emergency room care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040630"}
{"pmid": "1040624", "title": "Change in nursing in Nigeria.", "content": "Change in nursing in Nigeria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040624"}
{"pmid": "1040623", "title": "Administration in nursing service--the stimulus for change.", "content": "Administration in nursing service--the stimulus for change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040623"}
{"pmid": "1040632", "title": "Nicobid has advantages you don't get with nicotinic acid tablets.", "content": "Nicobid has advantages you don't get with nicotinic acid tablets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040632"}
{"pmid": "1040620", "title": "Automation of the health care system: implications for nursing. Part 2. Change strategies for nurses.", "content": "Automation of the health care system: implications for nursing. Part 2. Change strategies for nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040620"}
{"pmid": "1040634", "title": "Changing trends in the diagnosis and management of cervical neoplasia.", "content": "Changing trends in the diagnosis and management of cervical neoplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040634"}
{"pmid": "1040625", "title": "Thoughts on a new approach to public health nursing.", "content": "Thoughts on a new approach to public health nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040625"}
{"pmid": "1040633", "title": "More on OMT in obstetric care.", "content": "More on OMT in obstetric care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040633"}
{"pmid": "1040635", "title": "Wegener's granulomatosis: report of a case.", "content": "Wegener's granulomatosis: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040635"}
{"pmid": "1040636", "title": "The effects of fetal monitoring on oxytocin inductions.", "content": "The effects of fetal monitoring on oxytocin inductions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040636"}
{"pmid": "1040626", "title": "Migration of Iranian nurses to the U.S.: a study of one school of nursing in Iran.", "content": "Migration of Iranian nurses to the U.S.: a study of one school of nursing in Iran.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040626"}
{"pmid": "1040637", "title": "Studies of reflex communications between dermatomes and jejunum.", "content": "Studies of reflex communications between dermatomes and jejunum.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040637"}
{"pmid": "1040638", "title": "Spinal fixation: background and progress.", "content": "Spinal fixation: background and progress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040638"}
{"pmid": "1040639", "title": "Effect of denervation on the protein electrophoretic patterns of slow and fast skeletal muscles.", "content": "Effect of denervation on the protein electrophoretic patterns of slow and fast skeletal muscles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040639"}
{"pmid": "1040622", "title": "The nurse within the health team.", "content": "The nurse within the health team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040622"}
{"pmid": "1040640", "title": "Renal dipeptidase of swine and man.", "content": "Renal dipeptidase of swine and man.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040640"}
{"pmid": "1040643", "title": "Life is beautiful at 87.", "content": "Life is beautiful at 87.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040643"}
{"pmid": "1040644", "title": "Old, aged, or elderly... What's in a name?", "content": "Old, aged, or elderly... What's in a name?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040644"}
{"pmid": "1040645", "title": "Remotivation therapy: a way to reach the confused elderly patient.", "content": "Remotivation therapy: a way to reach the confused elderly patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040645"}
{"pmid": "1040642", "title": "A gerontological nurse looks at home care.", "content": "A gerontological nurse looks at home care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040642"}
{"pmid": "1040647", "title": "Gerontology centers interdisciplinary approach to aging education.", "content": "Gerontology centers interdisciplinary approach to aging education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040647"}
{"pmid": "1040646", "title": "American Medical Association invites nursing leaders to help in implementing medical director concept in nursing homes.", "content": "American Medical Association invites nursing leaders to help in implementing medical director concept in nursing homes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040646"}
{"pmid": "1040641", "title": "Helping to make his last dream a reality.", "content": "Helping to make his last dream a reality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040641"}
{"pmid": "1040662", "title": "Using TA to become OK.", "content": "Using TA to become OK.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040662"}
{"pmid": "1040661", "title": "New concepts in dietary management of diabetes.", "content": "New concepts in dietary management of diabetes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040661"}
{"pmid": "1040663", "title": "Beneath the tubes; behind the monitor.", "content": "Beneath the tubes; behind the monitor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040663"}
{"pmid": "1040664", "title": "D.C. Village is alive again.", "content": "D.C. Village is alive again.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040664"}
{"pmid": "1040665", "title": "LPNs lead in inservice.", "content": "LPNs lead in inservice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040665"}
{"pmid": "1040666", "title": "Continuing education: who is going to pay for it?", "content": "Continuing education: who is going to pay for it?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040666"}
{"pmid": "1040667", "title": "They wait without.", "content": "They wait without.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040667"}
{"pmid": "1040668", "title": "The new day of the professional. A reminder to licensed practical/vocational nurses.", "content": "The new day of the professional. A reminder to licensed practical/vocational nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040668"}
{"pmid": "1040669", "title": "Editorial: Why delay detection?", "content": "Editorial: Why delay detection?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040669"}
{"pmid": "1040670", "title": "Preventing complications of alcoholism.", "content": "Preventing complications of alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040670"}
{"pmid": "1040671", "title": "The nursing process: the history... the beginning. 1.", "content": "The nursing process: the history... the beginning. 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040671"}
{"pmid": "1040672", "title": "Transactional analysis: improving the nurse/patient relationship.", "content": "Transactional analysis: improving the nurse/patient relationship.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040672"}
{"pmid": "1040673", "title": "Emergency care. On the scene.", "content": "Emergency care. On the scene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040673"}
{"pmid": "1040674", "title": "Helping the hospitalized addict.", "content": "Helping the hospitalized addict.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040674"}
{"pmid": "1040675", "title": "SVNs in mock disaster.", "content": "SVNs in mock disaster.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040675"}
{"pmid": "1040678", "title": "International Women's Year.", "content": "International Women's Year.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040678"}
{"pmid": "1040677", "title": "Administrative qualification or seniority.", "content": "Administrative qualification or seniority.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040677"}
{"pmid": "1040676", "title": "Further evolution of a strain of Staphylococcus aureus in vivo: evidence for significant inactivation of flucloxacillin by penicillinase.", "content": "Further evolution of a strain of Staphylococcus aureus in vivo: evidence for significant inactivation of flucloxacillin by penicillinase. A strain of Staphylococcus aureus (no. FAR4) has been isolated at intervals, for 32 months, from the sputum of a patient with cystic fibrosis of the lung. Changes in the properties of isolates of this strain over the first 18 months have been reported previously (Lacey et al., 1973 and 1974). During the last 14 months (May 1973 to July 1974), further evolution has occurred to produce a total of 31 distinct phenotypes. Recent changes are as follows. 1. The ability of isolates to produce penicillinase in vitro was closely correlated with flucloxacillin therapy. Inactivation of flucloxacillin by penicillinase was demonstrated by diffusion testing (but not MIC determination) in vitro and may have occurred to a significant extent in vivo. 2. Lincomycin-resistant mutants slowly disappeared from the sputum after the termination of clindamycin therapy. 3. All of the recent isolates were resistant to erythromycin, possibly because of the linkage of the genes coding for erythromycin resistance with those coding for the production of delta-haemolysin; delta-haemolysin may be an important \"virulence factor\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040676"}
{"pmid": "1040679", "title": "A new era for women.", "content": "A new era for women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040679"}
{"pmid": "1040680", "title": "Women's International Year and the nurse.", "content": "Women's International Year and the nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040680"}
{"pmid": "1040681", "title": "\"The role of women: some common myths\".", "content": "\"The role of women: some common myths\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040681"}
{"pmid": "1040682", "title": "Nursing care standards in the hospital area.", "content": "Nursing care standards in the hospital area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040682"}
{"pmid": "1040684", "title": "Editorial: International Women's Year.", "content": "Editorial: International Women's Year.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040684"}
{"pmid": "1040683", "title": "Second instalment of a talk (leprosy).", "content": "Second instalment of a talk (leprosy).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040683"}
{"pmid": "1040685", "title": "Ward sisters discuss the process of administration and its application to promote quality patient care.", "content": "Ward sisters discuss the process of administration and its application to promote quality patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040685"}
{"pmid": "1040708", "title": "Hyperactivity: etiology and intervention techniques.", "content": "Hyperactivity: etiology and intervention techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040708"}
{"pmid": "1040709", "title": "Mental and emotional disturbances of school-age children. Preface.", "content": "Mental and emotional disturbances of school-age children. Preface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040709"}
{"pmid": "1040710", "title": "Disturbances of the preschool and very young school child.", "content": "Disturbances of the preschool and very young school child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040710"}
{"pmid": "1040703", "title": "Controversial questions about breastfeeding.", "content": "Controversial questions about breastfeeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040703"}
{"pmid": "1040711", "title": "Mental and emotional disturbances of school-age children; the exceptional and middle school-age child.", "content": "Mental and emotional disturbances of school-age children; the exceptional and middle school-age child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040711"}
{"pmid": "1040704", "title": "Assessing maternal attachment: first step toward the prevention of child abuse.", "content": "Assessing maternal attachment: first step toward the prevention of child abuse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040704"}
{"pmid": "1040712", "title": "Mental and emotional disturbances of the secondary school-age student.", "content": "Mental and emotional disturbances of the secondary school-age student.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040712"}
{"pmid": "1040706", "title": "Psychologic involvement in pregnancy by expectant fathers.", "content": "Psychologic involvement in pregnancy by expectant fathers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040706"}
{"pmid": "1040713", "title": "A comprehensive approach to dental health in a school population.", "content": "A comprehensive approach to dental health in a school population. A program to provide school children with dental health education and preventive services was initiated by the Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry. This program utilized several generally untapped resources. The emphasis was on classroom education using teachers who were motivated by special workshops as well as students of dental auxiliary training programs. These dental auxiliary students under the supervision of a dental health educator were used to educate the classroom teachers as well as to teach children in the classroom. Direct dental services were also provided in the program in the form of preventive services utilizing an unused dental chair available at a school.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040713"}
{"pmid": "1040714", "title": "Schools with failure and alienation.", "content": "Schools with failure and alienation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040714"}
{"pmid": "1040715", "title": "1974 Roering symposium: Intestinal parasite problems of school-age children. Introductory remarks.", "content": "1974 Roering symposium: Intestinal parasite problems of school-age children. Introductory remarks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040715"}
{"pmid": "1040716", "title": "Common intestinal parasitic infections in the school-age population.", "content": "Common intestinal parasitic infections in the school-age population.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040716"}
{"pmid": "1040717", "title": "Treatment of intestinal roundworm infections.", "content": "Treatment of intestinal roundworm infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040717"}
{"pmid": "1040718", "title": "The epidemiology of common intestinal helminths.", "content": "The epidemiology of common intestinal helminths.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040718"}
{"pmid": "1040719", "title": "1974 Roerig symposium: Intestinal parasite problems of school-age children. Current school health programs.", "content": "1974 Roerig symposium: Intestinal parasite problems of school-age children. Current school health programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040719"}
{"pmid": "1040720", "title": "1974 Roerig symposium: Intestinal parasite problems of school-age children. Assistance by state departments of education to local school districts.", "content": "1974 Roerig symposium: Intestinal parasite problems of school-age children. Assistance by state departments of education to local school districts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040720"}
{"pmid": "1040705", "title": "An improved infant resuscitation cart for the delivery room.", "content": "An improved infant resuscitation cart for the delivery room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040705"}
{"pmid": "1040721", "title": "A comparison of experiential and traditional learning models in studying health problems of the poor.", "content": "A comparison of experiential and traditional learning models in studying health problems of the poor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040721"}
{"pmid": "1040723", "title": "Services to people at work: medical, welfare and counselling.", "content": "Services to people at work: medical, welfare and counselling.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040723"}
{"pmid": "1040722", "title": "The challenge in leadership for nursing administration from the point of view of a charge sister.", "content": "The challenge in leadership for nursing administration from the point of view of a charge sister.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040722"}
{"pmid": "1040724", "title": "Selective and nonselective admissions criteria in junior college nursing programs.", "content": "Selective and nonselective admissions criteria in junior college nursing programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040724"}
{"pmid": "1040707", "title": "Attitudes of senior nursing students toward the 1973 Supreme Court decision on abortion.", "content": "Attitudes of senior nursing students toward the 1973 Supreme Court decision on abortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040707"}
{"pmid": "1040754", "title": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Résumé and appendix.", "content": "Guidelines for teachers of parentcraft and relaxation. Résumé and appendix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040754"}
{"pmid": "1040755", "title": "Antibiotic sensitivity of two Aeromonas and nine Pseudomonas species.", "content": "Antibiotic sensitivity of two Aeromonas and nine Pseudomonas species. An agar dilution method was used to determine the in vitro sensitivity of different Pseudomonas and Aeromonas species to sulphonamide, tetracycline, colistin, gentamicin, tobramycin, amplicillin, carbenicillin, and cephalothin. P. aeruginosa was generally sensitive to carbenicillin, colistin, tobramycin, and gentamicin. P. putida and P. fluorescens were generally resistant to beta-lactam antibodies but sensitive to gentamicin and tobramycin. P. cepacia and P. maltophilia were mostly resistant to colistin, gentamicin and tobramycin. Other Pseudomonas species were usually more sensitive to the antibodies tested. Strains of Aeromonas hydrophila were mostly resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics but sensitive to other antibiotics, while strains of A. shigelloides were very sensitive to all antibiotics tested.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040755"}
{"pmid": "1040756", "title": "Recognition, certification and accountability.", "content": "Recognition, certification and accountability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040756"}
{"pmid": "1040757", "title": "On paying the fiddler to change the tune: further evidence from Ontario regarding the impace of universal health insurance on the organization and patterns of medical practice.", "content": "On paying the fiddler to change the tune: further evidence from Ontario regarding the impace of universal health insurance on the organization and patterns of medical practice. This paper compares the findings from a 1973 community household interview survey conducted in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, with the findings from a similar study conducted in 1968 in the same city by a research team from the World Health Organization. Sault Ste. Marie is the site of the first Canadian consumer-sponsored prepaid group practice. Opposition by the private, solo practice sector of this community to this new modality of medical practice was considerable. Since 1969, with the introduction of universal health insurance in Ontario, the cost and benefit differences between solo and group practice medical care have been eliminated. By comparing the findings from the 1973 study with similar data from the 1968 WHO survey, observations can be made about the impact of universal health insurance on the organization and patterns of medical practice. Implications for the United States are important in view of the recent passage of the Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973 and the expected enactment of some form of national health insurance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040757"}
{"pmid": "1040759", "title": "Dental care and the health maintenance organization concept.", "content": "Dental care and the health maintenance organization concept. The principal dental diseases, caries and periodontal disease, affect almost the entire population and result in considerable pain and discomfort, with eventual tooth loss, if untreated. These disorders can either be prevented or their effects minimized through dental intervention so that intact functioning dentitions can be maintained. Despite the fact that enough practicing dentists probably exist in the United States to achieve these results, the majority of the population lose all of their natural teeth if they live out their normal life spans. The solo-practice fee-for-service system, even with third-party payment, may reduce the difficulties somewhat but cannot solve the problem. Prepaid dental group practice, either independently or as part of a general health care system, has the potential of virtually eliminating edentulism in populations for which it has responsibility. At present, it is possible to project costs and resource needs with sufficient accuracy to start viable entities. The \"health maintenance organization\" concept, therefore, applies to dental care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040759"}
{"pmid": "1040758", "title": "Factors affecting the choice between prepaid group practice and alternative insurance programs.", "content": "Factors affecting the choice between prepaid group practice and alternative insurance programs. This paper examines the basis for the selection of prepaid group practice in a dual-choice situation, and the social, attitudinal, and health characteristics of populations choosing prepaid programs in contrast to other plans. When asked in an open-ended way why they made the decisions they did, those selecting prepaid group practice most frequently referred to the more comprehensive coverage provided and to the fact that at the time of choice they lacked a continuing or adequate relationship with a physician. Enrollees in the prepaid program were better educated and, contrary to previous research, more likely to be unmarried. There was little evidence that enrollees in the prepaid plan brought with them distinctive kinds of attitudes and orientations toward illness and medical care. Enrollees in the prepaid program were also comparable to those retaining an alternative health insurance option on a number of indicators of health status. However, prepaid practice enrollees tended to report more chronic conditions than persons who declined to enroll in the prepaid program. Although the overrepresentation of persons with chronic illnesses is not large, data drawn from a related study suggests that persons with several chronic conditions tend to be heavy users of medical services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040758"}
{"pmid": "1040760", "title": "The pricing behavior of medical groups.", "content": "The pricing behavior of medical groups. This study discusses a model of the pricing behavior of medical groups. Using data collected, by a mail survey, from medical groups in North Carolina, an empirical test of the model is performed. The results suggest that the prices charged by medical groups are positively influenced by the per capita income of the county in which the group is located, and the per physician utilization of medical, technical, and office personnel. They also suggest that for groups in the sample, a non-physician manager and a non-salaried system of remuneration to member physicians are negatively related to the price of medical services. The results of this study also indicate that the managerial structure of group practice is an important area for further research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040760"}
{"pmid": "1040761", "title": "The crying infant.", "content": "The crying infant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040761"}
{"pmid": "1040763", "title": "The school nurse--an obsolete professional revisited.", "content": "The school nurse--an obsolete professional revisited.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040763"}
{"pmid": "1040775", "title": "The cost of nursing education. A preliminary report on methodological problems. Introduction.", "content": "The cost of nursing education. A preliminary report on methodological problems. Introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040775"}
{"pmid": "1040774", "title": "Perspectives for nursing. A report of the Committee on Perspectives.", "content": "Perspectives for nursing. A report of the Committee on Perspectives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040774"}
{"pmid": "1040776", "title": "The cost of nursing education. A preliminary report on methodological problems.", "content": "The cost of nursing education. A preliminary report on methodological problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040776"}
{"pmid": "1040766", "title": "A child grows. Part II. How the child grows and develops psychologicall, socially and culturally.", "content": "A child grows. Part II. How the child grows and develops psychologicall, socially and culturally.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040766"}
{"pmid": "1040762", "title": "In neo-natal ICU nursing: vive le difference.", "content": "In neo-natal ICU nursing: vive le difference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040762"}
{"pmid": "1040764", "title": "How to plan a successful meeting.", "content": "How to plan a successful meeting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040764"}
{"pmid": "1040777", "title": "Political considerations in studying the costs of health professional education.", "content": "Political considerations in studying the costs of health professional education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040777"}
{"pmid": "1040770", "title": "The nurse and nursery planning.", "content": "The nurse and nursery planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040770"}
{"pmid": "1040778", "title": "The step-down method of cost accounting in diploma schools of nursing.", "content": "The step-down method of cost accounting in diploma schools of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040778"}
{"pmid": "1040769", "title": "The making of a PNA (pediatric nurse associate).", "content": "The making of a PNA (pediatric nurse associate).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040769"}
{"pmid": "1040779", "title": "The cost of non-nursing courses in nursing education.", "content": "The cost of non-nursing courses in nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040779"}
{"pmid": "1040780", "title": "Research as a component in the cost of nursing education.", "content": "Research as a component in the cost of nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040780"}
{"pmid": "1040781", "title": "The concept of full-time student equivalents.", "content": "The concept of full-time student equivalents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040781"}
{"pmid": "1040782", "title": "Licensed practical nursing as a part of the cost of nursing education.", "content": "Licensed practical nursing as a part of the cost of nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040782"}
{"pmid": "1040771", "title": "The utilization of nurses in expanded roles to deliver pediatric cardiology health care.", "content": "The utilization of nurses in expanded roles to deliver pediatric cardiology health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040771"}
{"pmid": "1040772", "title": "The use of the pediatric nurse practitioner in comprehensive health care.", "content": "The use of the pediatric nurse practitioner in comprehensive health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040772"}
{"pmid": "1040783", "title": "Some methodological problems in the IOM study of the costs of nursing education.", "content": "Some methodological problems in the IOM study of the costs of nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040783"}
{"pmid": "1040765", "title": "Parents care in intensive care.", "content": "Parents care in intensive care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040765"}
{"pmid": "1040784", "title": "Faculty-curriculum development. Part V. The changing role of the professional nurse--implications for nursing education.", "content": "Faculty-curriculum development. Part V. The changing role of the professional nurse--implications for nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040784"}
{"pmid": "1040767", "title": "Ode on a strep throat.", "content": "Ode on a strep throat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040767"}
{"pmid": "1040785", "title": "Three factors of significance to baccalaureate nursing education.", "content": "Three factors of significance to baccalaureate nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040785"}
{"pmid": "1040786", "title": "Changes in community nursing service that affect baccalaureate nursing programs.", "content": "Changes in community nursing service that affect baccalaureate nursing programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040786"}
{"pmid": "1040768", "title": "Tympanometry: a technique for identifying ear disease in children.", "content": "Tympanometry: a technique for identifying ear disease in children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040768"}
{"pmid": "1040787", "title": "Curriculum implications of the changing role of the professional nurse.", "content": "Curriculum implications of the changing role of the professional nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040787"}
{"pmid": "1040788", "title": "Offering learning experiences that reflect the changing role of the professional nurse.", "content": "Offering learning experiences that reflect the changing role of the professional nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040788"}
{"pmid": "1040789", "title": "Changes in nursing service that affect baccalaureate nursing programs.", "content": "Changes in nursing service that affect baccalaureate nursing programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040789"}
{"pmid": "1040790", "title": "Faculty-curriculum development. Part VI. Curriculum revision in baccalaureate nursing education.", "content": "Faculty-curriculum development. Part VI. Curriculum revision in baccalaureate nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040790"}
{"pmid": "1040791", "title": "Curriculum revision--the what, when, why, and who.", "content": "Curriculum revision--the what, when, why, and who.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040791"}
{"pmid": "1040773", "title": "A child grows. Part III. The child's cognitive development.", "content": "A child grows. Part III. The child's cognitive development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040773"}
{"pmid": "1040792", "title": "The conceptual framework in nursing education.", "content": "The conceptual framework in nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040792"}
{"pmid": "1040793", "title": "The development of behavioral objectives through curriculum strands.", "content": "The development of behavioral objectives through curriculum strands.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040793"}
{"pmid": "1040794", "title": "Curriculum design and approaches to nursing courses and content.", "content": "Curriculum design and approaches to nursing courses and content.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040794"}
{"pmid": "1040795", "title": "Learning experiences within and outside the classroom.", "content": "Learning experiences within and outside the classroom.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040795"}
{"pmid": "1040796", "title": "Some components of curriculum evaluation.", "content": "Some components of curriculum evaluation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040796"}
{"pmid": "1040797", "title": "The philosophy as part of the total curriculum process.", "content": "The philosophy as part of the total curriculum process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040797"}
{"pmid": "1040798", "title": "The future of nursing education.", "content": "The future of nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040798"}
{"pmid": "1040799", "title": "Criteria for the evaluation of diploma programs in nursing.", "content": "Criteria for the evaluation of diploma programs in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040799"}
{"pmid": "1040800", "title": "Characteristics of diploma education in nursing.", "content": "Characteristics of diploma education in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040800"}
{"pmid": "1040801", "title": "Providing a climate for the utilization of nursing personnel. Papers presented at the Joint Program of the National League for Nursing and the American Hospital Association, November, 1974, New York, NY.", "content": "Providing a climate for the utilization of nursing personnel. Papers presented at the Joint Program of the National League for Nursing and the American Hospital Association, November, 1974, New York, NY.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040801"}
{"pmid": "1040802", "title": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The home health care program.", "content": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The home health care program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040802"}
{"pmid": "1040803", "title": "Team health care - cliché or reality. Coordination of patient services among health team members.", "content": "Team health care - cliché or reality. Coordination of patient services among health team members.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040803"}
{"pmid": "1040804", "title": "Climate to foster utilization of the nursing process.", "content": "Climate to foster utilization of the nursing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040804"}
{"pmid": "1040805", "title": "The effect of various climates in hospitals providing health care.", "content": "The effect of various climates in hospitals providing health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040805"}
{"pmid": "1040807", "title": "Changing variables and their effect on the climate for nursing practice.", "content": "Changing variables and their effect on the climate for nursing practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040807"}
{"pmid": "1040806", "title": "Utilization of the baccalaureate graduate in the nursing process.", "content": "Utilization of the baccalaureate graduate in the nursing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040806"}
{"pmid": "1040809", "title": "Utilization of the associate degree graduate in the nursing process.", "content": "Utilization of the associate degree graduate in the nursing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040809"}
{"pmid": "1040808", "title": "Utilization of the diploma graduate in the nursing process.", "content": "Utilization of the diploma graduate in the nursing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040808"}
{"pmid": "1040810", "title": "Utilization of the practical nurse in the nursing process.", "content": "Utilization of the practical nurse in the nursing process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040810"}
{"pmid": "1040811", "title": "The climate to foster interpersonal relationships among health team members. Health team care - cliché or reality? The inpatient setting.", "content": "The climate to foster interpersonal relationships among health team members. Health team care - cliché or reality? The inpatient setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040811"}
{"pmid": "1040812", "title": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The ambulatory care setting.", "content": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The ambulatory care setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040812"}
{"pmid": "1040813", "title": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The visiting nurse setting.", "content": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The visiting nurse setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040813"}
{"pmid": "1040814", "title": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The ambulatory care setting.", "content": "Team health care - cliché or reality. The ambulatory care setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040814"}
{"pmid": "1040815", "title": "Four approaches to staff development.", "content": "Four approaches to staff development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040815"}
{"pmid": "1040816", "title": "The staff development program at the Tucson Medical Center.", "content": "The staff development program at the Tucson Medical Center.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040816"}
{"pmid": "1040817", "title": "The staff development program in the Greenville Hospital System.", "content": "The staff development program in the Greenville Hospital System.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040817"}
{"pmid": "1040818", "title": "The staff development program of Sinai Hospital of Detroit.", "content": "The staff development program of Sinai Hospital of Detroit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040818"}
{"pmid": "1040819", "title": "The staff development program of the Mount Sinai Hospital, New York.", "content": "The staff development program of the Mount Sinai Hospital, New York.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040819"}
{"pmid": "1040821", "title": "A hospital without walls.", "content": "A hospital without walls.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040821"}
{"pmid": "1040820", "title": "The issue is leadership. Papers presented at the Annual Meeting of the Council of Home Health Agencies and Community Health Services, March 1974, Washington, D.C.", "content": "The issue is leadership. Papers presented at the Annual Meeting of the Council of Home Health Agencies and Community Health Services, March 1974, Washington, D.C.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040820"}
{"pmid": "1040822", "title": "The role of the public health nurse in hemodialysis.", "content": "The role of the public health nurse in hemodialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040822"}
{"pmid": "1040823", "title": "VNA approaches to discharge planning.", "content": "VNA approaches to discharge planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040823"}
{"pmid": "1040824", "title": "The challenge of reviving home health care.", "content": "The challenge of reviving home health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040824"}
{"pmid": "1040826", "title": "Challenges in agency management.", "content": "Challenges in agency management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040826"}
{"pmid": "1040825", "title": "Challenges in agency management.", "content": "Challenges in agency management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040825"}
{"pmid": "1040827", "title": "Community health service agencies--programming for the future.", "content": "Community health service agencies--programming for the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040827"}
{"pmid": "1040828", "title": "Program development in the field of aging.", "content": "Program development in the field of aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040828"}
{"pmid": "1040829", "title": "Some observations on the use of nurse practitioners in community health nursing.", "content": "Some observations on the use of nurse practitioners in community health nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040829"}
{"pmid": "1040830", "title": "Preparation of the primary care nurse.", "content": "Preparation of the primary care nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040830"}
{"pmid": "1040831", "title": "The clinical specialist in nursing.", "content": "The clinical specialist in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040831"}
{"pmid": "1040832", "title": "The issue is leadership.", "content": "The issue is leadership.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040832"}
{"pmid": "1040833", "title": "Accreditation and certification in the American Speech and Hearing Association.", "content": "Accreditation and certification in the American Speech and Hearing Association.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040833"}
{"pmid": "1040835", "title": "A look at tomorrow's accreditation.", "content": "A look at tomorrow's accreditation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040835"}
{"pmid": "1040834", "title": "The homemaker-home health aide.", "content": "The homemaker-home health aide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040834"}
{"pmid": "1040836", "title": "The energy crunch and the health scene.", "content": "The energy crunch and the health scene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040836"}
{"pmid": "1040837", "title": "Type, length, and cost of care for home health patients. A report of the discharge summary feasibility study.", "content": "Type, length, and cost of care for home health patients. A report of the discharge summary feasibility study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040837"}
{"pmid": "1040838", "title": "Where is nursing going? The Ruth V. Matheney memorial lecture presented at the 1975 NLN Convention New Orleans, Louisiana.", "content": "Where is nursing going? The Ruth V. Matheney memorial lecture presented at the 1975 NLN Convention New Orleans, Louisiana.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040838"}
{"pmid": "1040839", "title": "Quality assessment and patient care.", "content": "Quality assessment and patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040839"}
{"pmid": "1040840", "title": "Monitoring the quality of nursing care.", "content": "Monitoring the quality of nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040840"}
{"pmid": "1040841", "title": "Participation in a Department of Health, Education, and Welfare project. Monitoring patient care.", "content": "Participation in a Department of Health, Education, and Welfare project. Monitoring patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040841"}
{"pmid": "1040842", "title": "Participation in a Department of Health, Education, and Welfare project; the quality control process.", "content": "Participation in a Department of Health, Education, and Welfare project; the quality control process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040842"}
{"pmid": "1040843", "title": "Selecting appropriate assessment measures in the community health agency.", "content": "Selecting appropriate assessment measures in the community health agency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040843"}
{"pmid": "1040844", "title": "Selecting appropriate assessment measures in the institutional setting.", "content": "Selecting appropriate assessment measures in the institutional setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040844"}
{"pmid": "1040845", "title": "Future goals and directions for nursing and the nursing service administrator.", "content": "Future goals and directions for nursing and the nursing service administrator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040845"}
{"pmid": "1040846", "title": "Outdate reversible update continuing education: who, what, where, when, how. Papers presented at the Conference of the Northeast Regional Assembly of Constituent Leagues New York, New York, November 1974.", "content": "Outdate reversible update continuing education: who, what, where, when, how. Papers presented at the Conference of the Northeast Regional Assembly of Constituent Leagues New York, New York, November 1974.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040846"}
{"pmid": "1040847", "title": "The implications of continuing education in nursing.", "content": "The implications of continuing education in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040847"}
{"pmid": "1040848", "title": "Outdate--update. Continuing: who, what, where, when, how. The impact of peer review.", "content": "Outdate--update. Continuing: who, what, where, when, how. The impact of peer review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040848"}
{"pmid": "1040849", "title": "Professional control of continuing education.", "content": "Professional control of continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040849"}
{"pmid": "1040850", "title": "The role of the hospital in continuing education.", "content": "The role of the hospital in continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040850"}
{"pmid": "1040851", "title": "The National League for Nursing's role in continuing education.", "content": "The National League for Nursing's role in continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040851"}
{"pmid": "1040852", "title": "The origin and evolution of the continuing education unit.", "content": "The origin and evolution of the continuing education unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040852"}
{"pmid": "1040853", "title": "Case study in obstetrics.", "content": "Case study in obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040853"}
{"pmid": "1040854", "title": "My first anniversary with the NFLPN.", "content": "My first anniversary with the NFLPN.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040854"}
{"pmid": "1040855", "title": "On the development and classification of diagnoses.", "content": "On the development and classification of diagnoses. Nurses, as noted earlier, always have and are now using the five steps of the diagnosis process. This utilization is a valuable and essential element of a profession. On the other hand, conceptual analysis of the process suggests that all ten steps are necessary conditions for a natural history of nursing. Such a natural history would constitute a taxonomy of nursing diagnoses and would identify and codify essential concerns and associated nomenclatures which have been agreed upon by members of the profession. In turn, such an agreement would lead to a common universe of discourse for the clinicians, the students, the teachers, the administrators, and the researchers in nursing. A workable taxonomy would provide potential points of reference, purpose, and direction and would facilitate communication and collaboration in nursing practice, nursing education, and nursing research. Such a taxonomy would constitute a systematic ordering of the unique body of knowledge of nursing and would provide a foundation of level-one theory. On this basis could be built higher-level theories that are grounded in observable phenomena. This development, in turn, would create a bridge across the knowledge-practice gap and would allow more effective application of scientific knowledge to specific clinical patient-care and nursing problems. A workable taxonomy of nursing diagnoses would articulate areas of unique concern to nurses and nursing and would allow more unequivocal communication of the focus, limits, and nature of the realm of nursing to other professions, third-party payers, governmental agencies, and the public. Without the development of such a framework, nursing research will continue to flounder, nursing education will continue to lack articulation of ordered body of knowledge of nursing concerns and related cognitive and other competencies, and nursing practice will continue to drift toward the use of medical terminology and to focus on dependent and technical nursing functions and the extension of the role of the nurse in the domain of medicine. In short, the lack of a sound taxonomy of nursing diagnoses endangers the realm of independent functions of nursing--its care, comfort, and compassion for the person who suffers from illness, and its focus on increased patient self-help ability, self-determination, and health promotion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040855"}
{"pmid": "1040856", "title": "Stating educational objectives in behavioral terms.", "content": "Stating educational objectives in behavioral terms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040856"}
{"pmid": "1040857", "title": "The editor's role.", "content": "The editor's role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040857"}
{"pmid": "1040858", "title": "Human biorhythmology: implications for nursing practicel.", "content": "Human biorhythmology: implications for nursing practicel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040858"}
{"pmid": "1040859", "title": "Biofeedback training: the voluntary control of mind over body and mind.", "content": "Biofeedback training: the voluntary control of mind over body and mind.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040859"}
{"pmid": "1040861", "title": "The menopause: facts anf misconceptions.", "content": "The menopause: facts anf misconceptions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040861"}
{"pmid": "1040860", "title": "Euthanasia and the nurse practitioner.", "content": "Euthanasia and the nurse practitioner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040860"}
{"pmid": "1040862", "title": "Literature by consumers for nursing.", "content": "Literature by consumers for nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040862"}
{"pmid": "1040863", "title": "Dying and death--and life experiences of loss and gain: a proposed theory.", "content": "Dying and death--and life experiences of loss and gain: a proposed theory.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040863"}
{"pmid": "1040864", "title": "The woman in white.", "content": "The woman in white.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040864"}
{"pmid": "1040865", "title": "Diabetes--some important hints and the role of a nurse in its prevention and management.", "content": "Diabetes--some important hints and the role of a nurse in its prevention and management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040865"}
{"pmid": "1040866", "title": "Feudal values in the modern Indian society.", "content": "Feudal values in the modern Indian society.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040866"}
{"pmid": "1040867", "title": "A case study: a peculiar ectopic pregnancy.", "content": "A case study: a peculiar ectopic pregnancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040867"}
{"pmid": "1040868", "title": "Nurses' participation in patients' psychological problems.", "content": "Nurses' participation in patients' psychological problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040868"}
{"pmid": "1040869", "title": "Male midwives.", "content": "Male midwives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040869"}
{"pmid": "1040870", "title": "Rabies in perspective.", "content": "Rabies in perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040870"}
{"pmid": "1040871", "title": "Rural medicine: a new skill for the practice team in the countryside.", "content": "Rural medicine: a new skill for the practice team in the countryside.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040871"}
{"pmid": "1040872", "title": "HL-A 27 and arthritis.", "content": "HL-A 27 and arthritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040872"}
{"pmid": "1040873", "title": "The algometer: as useful as the thermometer.", "content": "The algometer: as useful as the thermometer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040873"}
{"pmid": "1040874", "title": "Cervical cytology.", "content": "Cervical cytology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040874"}
{"pmid": "1040875", "title": "The road back.", "content": "The road back.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040875"}
{"pmid": "1040876", "title": "Consequences of delaying claims for injuries in hospital.", "content": "Consequences of delaying claims for injuries in hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040876"}
{"pmid": "1040877", "title": "Management training - where now? (2).", "content": "Management training - where now? (2).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040877"}
{"pmid": "1040879", "title": "The role of the voluntary agency in mental handicap.", "content": "The role of the voluntary agency in mental handicap.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040879"}
{"pmid": "1040878", "title": "Nursing auxiliaries training in geriatric hospitals.", "content": "Nursing auxiliaries training in geriatric hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040878"}
{"pmid": "1040880", "title": "An inconvenient fetus.", "content": "An inconvenient fetus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040880"}
{"pmid": "1040882", "title": "Research.", "content": "Research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040882"}
{"pmid": "1040881", "title": "Not a special case.", "content": "Not a special case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040881"}
{"pmid": "1040883", "title": "Time to talk.", "content": "Time to talk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040883"}
{"pmid": "1040884", "title": "Typhoid: will fear of this disease spoil your holiday?", "content": "Typhoid: will fear of this disease spoil your holiday?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040884"}
{"pmid": "1040885", "title": "Major disaster procedure: the Birmingham bomb incidents.", "content": "Major disaster procedure: the Birmingham bomb incidents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040885"}
{"pmid": "1040886", "title": "Ulcerative colitis.", "content": "Ulcerative colitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040886"}
{"pmid": "1040888", "title": "Dynamic aspects in clinical learning. Part 1.", "content": "Dynamic aspects in clinical learning. Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040888"}
{"pmid": "1040887", "title": "The nurse and research.", "content": "The nurse and research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040887"}
{"pmid": "1040889", "title": "A new maternity unit.", "content": "A new maternity unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040889"}
{"pmid": "1040890", "title": "The patient is a person.", "content": "The patient is a person.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040890"}
{"pmid": "1040891", "title": "Editorial: A doctor's dilemma.", "content": "Editorial: A doctor's dilemma. Another moral and ethical issue facing the medical profession is whether or not children under 16 should be sterilized.  The decision is relatively clear cut when it has to be made for clinical reasons, but when it relates to the mentally handicapped and subnormal, the answer is not so clear.  On the one hand, children born to those of subnormal intelligence may well become an additional burden to other members of the family or the state.  On the other hand, should a person be denied a chance to become a parent.  Each case must be studied individually.  Parents of the handicapped should have the last word.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040891"}
{"pmid": "1040892", "title": "Buy British?", "content": "Buy British?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040892"}
{"pmid": "1040893", "title": "Nursing care study: determined to live.", "content": "Nursing care study: determined to live.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040893"}
{"pmid": "1040894", "title": "The artificial ear - research into cochlear implants.", "content": "The artificial ear - research into cochlear implants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040894"}
{"pmid": "1040895", "title": "Teaching in the ward environment.", "content": "Teaching in the ward environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040895"}
{"pmid": "1040896", "title": "Relief work in Kurdistan.", "content": "Relief work in Kurdistan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040896"}
{"pmid": "1040897", "title": "Rawcliffe Hall - an appreciation of a geriatric hospital.", "content": "Rawcliffe Hall - an appreciation of a geriatric hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040897"}
{"pmid": "1040898", "title": "Preparing for a richer, happier life.", "content": "Preparing for a richer, happier life.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040898"}
{"pmid": "1040899", "title": "Dynamic aspects in clinical learning. Part 2.", "content": "Dynamic aspects in clinical learning. Part 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040899"}
{"pmid": "1040900", "title": "Study of nurses attitudes to aspects of nursing.", "content": "Study of nurses attitudes to aspects of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040900"}
{"pmid": "1040902", "title": "Editorial: Hospital board finances.", "content": "Editorial: Hospital board finances.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040902"}
{"pmid": "1040901", "title": "Cardiocirculatory effects of morphine.", "content": "Cardiocirculatory effects of morphine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040901"}
{"pmid": "1040903", "title": "Problems affecting nursing and the health services.", "content": "Problems affecting nursing and the health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040903"}
{"pmid": "1040935", "title": "The oxygen consumption, fatty acid and glycerol uptake of the liver in fed and fasted sheep during cold exposure.", "content": "The oxygen consumption, fatty acid and glycerol uptake of the liver in fed and fasted sheep during cold exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040935"}
{"pmid": "1040937", "title": "Utilization of amino acids by the isolated perfused sheep liver.", "content": "Utilization of amino acids by the isolated perfused sheep liver. To test Elwyn's suggestion [1970], that high concentrations of amino acids supplied to the liver from the hepatic artery do not stimulate protein synthesis, substrates containing amino acids have been infused into either the hepatic artery or portal vein of isolated sheep livers. The livers received highly oxygenated blood from the hepatic artery and partly deoxygenated blood from the portal vein. There were no significant differences in amino acid uptake (81 +/- 4% of input), urea output (69 +/- 6% of uptake) or 'protein synthesis' as assessed by N accumulation in the liver. Amino acids were actively extracted from the plasma by both routes of infusion and , when the concentrations simul-ted those occurring in the portal vein of fed sheep, the uptake was very similar to that in vivo. When an amino acid mixture based on that absorbed in dogs was infused, the extraction of individual amino acids was similar except for a negligible uptake of valine, leucine and isoleucine. In these experiments protein synthesis was also very low.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040937"}
{"pmid": "1040936", "title": "A pharmacological and histological investigation of the involvement of mast cells in cutaneous axon reflex vasodilatation.", "content": "A pharmacological and histological investigation of the involvement of mast cells in cutaneous axon reflex vasodilatation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040936"}
{"pmid": "1040940", "title": "Administrative problems in union organizations.", "content": "Administrative problems in union organizations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040940"}
{"pmid": "1040938", "title": "Lacoferrin in rabbit bile: its relation to iron metabolism.", "content": "Lacoferrin in rabbit bile: its relation to iron metabolism. The relation of biliary lactoferrin concentration and the iron status of the body was studied in normal, anaemic and iron-loaded rabbits. In anaemic rabbits lactoferrin concentrations rose to two to three times the original values. Loading with iron resulted in a return to normal values. Mobilization of iron with desferrioxamine also gave a rise in lactoferrin concentration in bile. Lactoferrin may have a regulatory function in situations of enhanced iron absorption or mobilization of iron from depots.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040938"}
{"pmid": "1040939", "title": "The influence of phentolamine on the hyperglycaemic and lipolytic effects of ammonia in sheep.", "content": "The influence of phentolamine on the hyperglycaemic and lipolytic effects of ammonia in sheep. Intravenous infusion over 30 min of ammonium chloride [10-1 g/kg b.w.] caused a significant increase of blood glucose and free fatty acids levels, and a similar effect was observed with adrenaline. Phentolamine [1 mg/kg b.w.] abolished the hyperglycaemic action of ammonium chloride but only slightly diminished the lipolytic effect. It is concluded that the ammonium ion influences carbohydrate metabolism chiefly by way of catecholamines and stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors, while tissue lipids are mobilized by ammonia by another route, possibley directly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040939"}
{"pmid": "1040934", "title": "Organizational problems in community psychiatric programs.", "content": "Organizational problems in community psychiatric programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040934"}
{"pmid": "1040932", "title": "The therapeutic value of work.", "content": "The therapeutic value of work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040932"}
{"pmid": "1040933", "title": "The trouble with mental health legislation.", "content": "The trouble with mental health legislation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040933"}
{"pmid": "1040975", "title": "[President's report].", "content": "[President's report].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040975"}
{"pmid": "1040976", "title": "Achieving a low perinatal mortality rate in rural areas.", "content": "Achieving a low perinatal mortality rate in rural areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040976"}
{"pmid": "1040978", "title": "Hypoglycaemia--an important neonatal problem.", "content": "Hypoglycaemia--an important neonatal problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040978"}
{"pmid": "1040980", "title": "Infant feeding: babies, breasts and bottles.", "content": "Infant feeding: babies, breasts and bottles.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040980"}
{"pmid": "1040981", "title": "Development of affection in children and the effect of separation from the mother.", "content": "Development of affection in children and the effect of separation from the mother.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040981"}
{"pmid": "1040983", "title": "Children at risk.", "content": "Children at risk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040983"}
{"pmid": "1040982", "title": "Rooming-in.", "content": "Rooming-in.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040982"}
{"pmid": "1040985", "title": "The mother-infant relationship.", "content": "The mother-infant relationship.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040985"}
{"pmid": "1040987", "title": "The priorities of perinatal care.", "content": "The priorities of perinatal care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040987"}
{"pmid": "1040989", "title": "A multimedia approach to education.", "content": "A multimedia approach to education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040989"}
{"pmid": "1040991", "title": "Tara, the H. Moross Centre; problem families.", "content": "Tara, the H. Moross Centre; problem families.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1040991"}
{"pmid": "1041065", "title": "Ultrastructural studies of hemangiosarcoma in a dog.", "content": "Ultrastructural studies of hemangiosarcoma in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041065"}
{"pmid": "1041067", "title": "Bicornuate uterine prolapse in a cat/ a photographic essay.", "content": "Bicornuate uterine prolapse in a cat/ a photographic essay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041067"}
{"pmid": "1041066", "title": "Modification of the Ayre's \"T\" non-rebreathing system for monitoring respiratory sounds in anesthetized animals.", "content": "Modification of the Ayre's \"T\" non-rebreathing system for monitoring respiratory sounds in anesthetized animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041066"}
{"pmid": "1041068", "title": "Phosphate uroliths in a Dachshund.", "content": "Phosphate uroliths in a Dachshund.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041068"}
{"pmid": "1041070", "title": "Vaginal cytology an approach of improvement of cat breeding.", "content": "Vaginal cytology an approach of improvement of cat breeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041070"}
{"pmid": "1041069", "title": "Latrogenic calcinosis cutis in a dog.", "content": "Latrogenic calcinosis cutis in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041069"}
{"pmid": "1041062", "title": "The family practice nurse.", "content": "The family practice nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041062"}
{"pmid": "1041072", "title": "Use of flea antigen in treatment of feline flea-allergy dermatitis.", "content": "Use of flea antigen in treatment of feline flea-allergy dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041072"}
{"pmid": "1041071", "title": "Repair of enamel hypoplasia in the dog.", "content": "Repair of enamel hypoplasia in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041071"}
{"pmid": "1041061", "title": "Euthanasia: Royal Victorian College of Nursing policy.", "content": "Euthanasia: Royal Victorian College of Nursing policy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041061"}
{"pmid": "1041073", "title": "Use of the arthroscope in the horse.", "content": "Use of the arthroscope in the horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041073"}
{"pmid": "1041075", "title": "The azoturia tying-up syndrome.", "content": "The azoturia tying-up syndrome.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041075"}
{"pmid": "1041074", "title": "Micronema deletrix in the brain of a horse.", "content": "Micronema deletrix in the brain of a horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041074"}
{"pmid": "1041077", "title": "Immunity fo tge transmissible gastroenteritis.", "content": "Immunity fo tge transmissible gastroenteritis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041077"}
{"pmid": "1041076", "title": "Artificial rearing of lambs.", "content": "Artificial rearing of lambs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041076"}
{"pmid": "1041078", "title": "Is the omentum really necessary?", "content": "Is the omentum really necessary?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041078"}
{"pmid": "1041079", "title": "Cnemidocoptic mange in parakeets.", "content": "Cnemidocoptic mange in parakeets.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041079"}
{"pmid": "1041064", "title": "How the Wages Board operates.", "content": "How the Wages Board operates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041064"}
{"pmid": "1041081", "title": "Follicular conjunctivitis confined to the pigmented conjunctiva in a Chow-Chow dog.", "content": "Follicular conjunctivitis confined to the pigmented conjunctiva in a Chow-Chow dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041081"}
{"pmid": "1041082", "title": "Don't be squeezed out of your practice.", "content": "Don't be squeezed out of your practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041082"}
{"pmid": "1041080", "title": "Retinal arteriolar macroaneurysms in a Beagle dog: a photographic illustration of intravitreal hemorrhage from the rupture of pulsatile aneurysms.", "content": "Retinal arteriolar macroaneurysms in a Beagle dog: a photographic illustration of intravitreal hemorrhage from the rupture of pulsatile aneurysms.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041080"}
{"pmid": "1041083", "title": "How the new tax will affect you.", "content": "How the new tax will affect you.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041083"}
{"pmid": "1041063", "title": "Statement on a patient's bill of rights.", "content": "Statement on a patient's bill of rights.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041063"}
{"pmid": "1041085", "title": "Cytologic differentiation of inflammation from neoplasia.", "content": "Cytologic differentiation of inflammation from neoplasia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041085"}
{"pmid": "1041084", "title": "The euthanasia dilemma.", "content": "The euthanasia dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041084"}
{"pmid": "1041086", "title": "Leptospira hardjo infection in a dairy herd.", "content": "Leptospira hardjo infection in a dairy herd.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041086"}
{"pmid": "1041087", "title": "Botulism.", "content": "Botulism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041087"}
{"pmid": "1041088", "title": "The in vitro sensitivity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to intramammary antibiotic preparations.", "content": "The in vitro sensitivity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to intramammary antibiotic preparations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041088"}
{"pmid": "1041089", "title": "Swine parasites: causes of liver condemnations.", "content": "Swine parasites: causes of liver condemnations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041089"}
{"pmid": "1041090", "title": "Pseudo-rabies in swine.", "content": "Pseudo-rabies in swine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041090"}
{"pmid": "1041091", "title": "Multiple ureteral defects in a Belgian foal.", "content": "Multiple ureteral defects in a Belgian foal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041091"}
{"pmid": "1041092", "title": "An equine eye shield.", "content": "An equine eye shield.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041092"}
{"pmid": "1041093", "title": "A simple, portable small animal anesthetic system using a disposable rebreathing system.", "content": "A simple, portable small animal anesthetic system using a disposable rebreathing system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041093"}
{"pmid": "1041094", "title": "A case study: dysphagia from retained ingested string.", "content": "A case study: dysphagia from retained ingested string.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041094"}
{"pmid": "1041095", "title": "A simple surgical treatment for acute periodontitis in the dog.", "content": "A simple surgical treatment for acute periodontitis in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041095"}
{"pmid": "1041097", "title": "Bilateral coxofemoral luxation in a dog after long-term estrogen therapy.", "content": "Bilateral coxofemoral luxation in a dog after long-term estrogen therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041097"}
{"pmid": "1041096", "title": "Masticator myopathy in the dog. (A review of two cases).", "content": "Masticator myopathy in the dog. (A review of two cases).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041096"}
{"pmid": "1041098", "title": "Spontaneous remission of feline benign mammary hypertrophy.", "content": "Spontaneous remission of feline benign mammary hypertrophy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041098"}
{"pmid": "1041100", "title": "Clinical observations on lung flukes in the cat.", "content": "Clinical observations on lung flukes in the cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041100"}
{"pmid": "1041099", "title": "A technique for repair of colles' fractures.", "content": "A technique for repair of colles' fractures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041099"}
{"pmid": "1041101", "title": "Surgery required in treatment of glossitis.", "content": "Surgery required in treatment of glossitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041101"}
{"pmid": "1041103", "title": "Pancreatic amyloidosis with subsequent diabetes mellitus in an ocelot.", "content": "Pancreatic amyloidosis with subsequent diabetes mellitus in an ocelot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041103"}
{"pmid": "1041102", "title": "Scotopic blindness with coincidental nerve-head melanosis in a German Shepherd dog.", "content": "Scotopic blindness with coincidental nerve-head melanosis in a German Shepherd dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041102"}
{"pmid": "1041104", "title": "Incorporation & Keogh Funding. Effects on the sole owner of a practice.", "content": "Incorporation & Keogh Funding. Effects on the sole owner of a practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041104"}
{"pmid": "1041105", "title": "Personality clashes in group practice.", "content": "Personality clashes in group practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041105"}
{"pmid": "1041143", "title": "Morphine revisited in pediatric anesthesia.", "content": "Morphine revisited in pediatric anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041143"}
{"pmid": "1041144", "title": "A pharmacologic evaluation of local anesthesia.", "content": "A pharmacologic evaluation of local anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041144"}
{"pmid": "1041145", "title": "Health care services in 1975--system or nonsystem?", "content": "Health care services in 1975--system or nonsystem?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041145"}
{"pmid": "1041147", "title": "The laws covering malpractice--how they affect you.", "content": "The laws covering malpractice--how they affect you.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041147"}
{"pmid": "1041146", "title": "A case study: anesthetic considerations for pulmonary lavage.", "content": "A case study: anesthetic considerations for pulmonary lavage.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041146"}
{"pmid": "1041148", "title": "Editorial: The rapid expansion of medical knowledge and technology.", "content": "Editorial: The rapid expansion of medical knowledge and technology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041148"}
{"pmid": "1041149", "title": "Something new at Hopkins: the E.M.I.", "content": "Something new at Hopkins: the E.M.I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041149"}
{"pmid": "1041141", "title": "Bilharzia - the complications.", "content": "Bilharzia - the complications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041141"}
{"pmid": "1041150", "title": "Pulmonary artery catheters.", "content": "Pulmonary artery catheters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041150"}
{"pmid": "1041151", "title": "Changing trends in neurosurgical nursing.", "content": "Changing trends in neurosurgical nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041151"}
{"pmid": "1041140", "title": "A case of priapism.", "content": "A case of priapism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041140"}
{"pmid": "1041152", "title": "Components of a nursing program for patients in chronic pain.", "content": "Components of a nursing program for patients in chronic pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041152"}
{"pmid": "1041153", "title": "Update on the B.S.N. program.", "content": "Update on the B.S.N. program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041153"}
{"pmid": "1041154", "title": "Editorial: Securing licensure.", "content": "Editorial: Securing licensure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041154"}
{"pmid": "1041155", "title": "Peripheral pulses.", "content": "Peripheral pulses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041155"}
{"pmid": "1041157", "title": "Nursing by telephone.", "content": "Nursing by telephone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041157"}
{"pmid": "1041156", "title": "Diet in pregnancy: meddling with the normal or preventing toxemia.", "content": "Diet in pregnancy: meddling with the normal or preventing toxemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041156"}
{"pmid": "1041158", "title": "Re-thinking stroke: aphasic patients talk back.", "content": "Re-thinking stroke: aphasic patients talk back.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041158"}
{"pmid": "1041159", "title": "Re-thinking stroke: soft or hard devices to position hands?", "content": "Re-thinking stroke: soft or hard devices to position hands?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041159"}
{"pmid": "1041160", "title": "Re-thinking stroke: autumn months, autumn years.", "content": "Re-thinking stroke: autumn months, autumn years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041160"}
{"pmid": "1041161", "title": "Nurse-physician relationships.", "content": "Nurse-physician relationships.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041161"}
{"pmid": "1041162", "title": "Early diagnosis of acute angle-closure glaucoma.", "content": "Early diagnosis of acute angle-closure glaucoma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041162"}
{"pmid": "1041163", "title": "Nurse-managed care for psychiatric patients.", "content": "Nurse-managed care for psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041163"}
{"pmid": "1041164", "title": "Caring for the child with familial dysautonomia.", "content": "Caring for the child with familial dysautonomia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041164"}
{"pmid": "1041166", "title": "A plea for sex education in nursing curriculums.", "content": "A plea for sex education in nursing curriculums.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041166"}
{"pmid": "1041165", "title": "Students meet the migrants.", "content": "Students meet the migrants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041165"}
{"pmid": "1041167", "title": "The sick role in patient care.", "content": "The sick role in patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041167"}
{"pmid": "1041168", "title": "Adolescent retardates in a therapy group.", "content": "Adolescent retardates in a therapy group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041168"}
{"pmid": "1041169", "title": "What a 12-hour shift offers.", "content": "What a 12-hour shift offers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041169"}
{"pmid": "1041170", "title": "Getting a bill through Congress.", "content": "Getting a bill through Congress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041170"}
{"pmid": "1041171", "title": "ANA in the nation's capital.", "content": "ANA in the nation's capital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041171"}
{"pmid": "1041172", "title": "Watching your finances: what financial facts should a wife know?", "content": "Watching your finances: what financial facts should a wife know?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041172"}
{"pmid": "1041173", "title": "Editorial: It's vent-my-spleen time.", "content": "Editorial: It's vent-my-spleen time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041173"}
{"pmid": "1041175", "title": "Percutaneous renal biopsy.", "content": "Percutaneous renal biopsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041175"}
{"pmid": "1041174", "title": "Assessing trauma in the rape victim.", "content": "Assessing trauma in the rape victim.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041174"}
{"pmid": "1041176", "title": "The maternal-child nurse practitioner.", "content": "The maternal-child nurse practitioner.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041176"}
{"pmid": "1041177", "title": "Phenylketonuria.", "content": "Phenylketonuria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041177"}
{"pmid": "1041178", "title": "Assessing a patient's hydration status.", "content": "Assessing a patient's hydration status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041178"}
{"pmid": "1041179", "title": "Dying with dignity at home.", "content": "Dying with dignity at home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041179"}
{"pmid": "1041180", "title": "Five become a team in Appalachia.", "content": "Five become a team in Appalachia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041180"}
{"pmid": "1041181", "title": "Crisis intervention before cardiac surgery.", "content": "Crisis intervention before cardiac surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041181"}
{"pmid": "1041182", "title": "Promoting an independent nurse practice.", "content": "Promoting an independent nurse practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041182"}
{"pmid": "1041183", "title": "Coping mechanisms for the working mother.", "content": "Coping mechanisms for the working mother.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041183"}
{"pmid": "1041184", "title": "Classes to improve diabetic self-care.", "content": "Classes to improve diabetic self-care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041184"}
{"pmid": "1041185", "title": "Sex, intimacy and aging.", "content": "Sex, intimacy and aging.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041185"}
{"pmid": "1041186", "title": "Having a baby in Finland.", "content": "Having a baby in Finland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041186"}
{"pmid": "1041188", "title": "Computerized axial tomography of the brain: a new diagnostic tool.", "content": "Computerized axial tomography of the brain: a new diagnostic tool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041188"}
{"pmid": "1041187", "title": "Pastoral roles in presurgical visits.", "content": "Pastoral roles in presurgical visits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041187"}
{"pmid": "1041189", "title": "Screening for cervical cancer.", "content": "Screening for cervical cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041189"}
{"pmid": "1041191", "title": "Stomatitis after chemotherapy.", "content": "Stomatitis after chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041191"}
{"pmid": "1041190", "title": "A new approach to parenteral drug administration.", "content": "A new approach to parenteral drug administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041190"}
{"pmid": "1041192", "title": "What contributes to hope in the cancer patient?", "content": "What contributes to hope in the cancer patient?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041192"}
{"pmid": "1041193", "title": "Need help in managing money?", "content": "Need help in managing money?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041193"}
{"pmid": "1041194", "title": "Transversal and longitudinal lecithin-sphingomyelin ratios in amniotic and lung fluids of fetal lambs.", "content": "Transversal and longitudinal lecithin-sphingomyelin ratios in amniotic and lung fluids of fetal lambs. Lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratios were measured in both amniotic and in lung fluids of fetal lambs. Around Day 130 of fetal age sudden increase of L/S ratio appeared in lung fluid. The amniotic L/S ratio increased only slowly as a consequence of which false negative values were obtained. A respiratory distress syndrome is to be expected when the lung fluid shows a L/S ratio less than 2. The L/S ratio of lung fluid is preferable to amniotic L/S ratio. In comparison with those of amniotic fluid the L/S ratios of lung fluid were significantly higher. Lung fluid secretion was measured daily. Large differences were seen among the lambs. Two days before delivery a striking decrease in the quantity of lung fluid production was noticed in all aminals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041194"}
{"pmid": "1041195", "title": "Summary proceedings ANA House of Delegates. American Nurses' Association 49th Convention; June 9-14, 1974. Civic Auditorium, Brooks Hall, San Francisco, California. No. G-117.", "content": "Summary proceedings ANA House of Delegates. American Nurses' Association 49th Convention; June 9-14, 1974. Civic Auditorium, Brooks Hall, San Francisco, California. No. G-117.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041195"}
{"pmid": "1041196", "title": "Standards for continuing education in nursing. No. COE-8.", "content": "Standards for continuing education in nursing. No. COE-8.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041196"}
{"pmid": "1041197", "title": "Human rights guidelines for nurses in clinical and other research. No. D-46.", "content": "Human rights guidelines for nurses in clinical and other research. No. D-46.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041197"}
{"pmid": "1041199", "title": "Building for the future. No. NP-47.", "content": "Building for the future. No. NP-47.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041199"}
{"pmid": "1041200", "title": "Origin, purpose, and thrust of the National Joint Practice Commission. No. NP-47.", "content": "Origin, purpose, and thrust of the National Joint Practice Commission. No. NP-47.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041200"}
{"pmid": "1041201", "title": "Family therapy: a therapeutic vehicle for all families. No. NP-47.", "content": "Family therapy: a therapeutic vehicle for all families. No. NP-47.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041201"}
{"pmid": "1041198", "title": "American Nurses' Association standards for nursing education. No. NE.-1.", "content": "American Nurses' Association standards for nursing education. No. NE.-1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041198"}
{"pmid": "1041202", "title": "Legal problems stemming from the nurse and medical practice acts. No. NP-47.", "content": "Legal problems stemming from the nurse and medical practice acts. No. NP-47.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041202"}
{"pmid": "1041204", "title": "Michigan's experience in the early and periodic screening, diagnosis, and treatment program. No. NP-47.", "content": "Michigan's experience in the early and periodic screening, diagnosis, and treatment program. No. NP-47.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041204"}
{"pmid": "1041205", "title": "The nurse's involvement in legislation and public relations. No. NP-47.", "content": "The nurse's involvement in legislation and public relations. No. NP-47.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041205"}
{"pmid": "1041203", "title": "Interdisciplinary education for nurses in the expanded role: the way of the future. No. NP-47.", "content": "Interdisciplinary education for nurses in the expanded role: the way of the future. No. NP-47.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041203"}
{"pmid": "1041206", "title": "Nursing service directors' role. Mastering politics vital.", "content": "Nursing service directors' role. Mastering politics vital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041206"}
{"pmid": "1041208", "title": "Nursing service directors' role. Position offers challenges, opportunities.", "content": "Nursing service directors' role. Position offers challenges, opportunities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041208"}
{"pmid": "1041209", "title": "Nursing service directors' role. Consultant's role must be clearly defined.", "content": "Nursing service directors' role. Consultant's role must be clearly defined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041209"}
{"pmid": "1041207", "title": "Nursing service directors' role. Nursing administrator must be chief initiator of needed change.", "content": "Nursing service directors' role. Nursing administrator must be chief initiator of needed change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041207"}
{"pmid": "1041210", "title": "Nurse administrators profiled: big job, low pay.", "content": "Nurse administrators profiled: big job, low pay.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041210"}
{"pmid": "1041211", "title": "Collective action - a nursing service director's perspective.", "content": "Collective action - a nursing service director's perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041211"}
{"pmid": "1041213", "title": "Nursing service directors' role. Responsibilities loom large.", "content": "Nursing service directors' role. Responsibilities loom large.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041213"}
{"pmid": "1041212", "title": "Nursing service directors' role. Management tools needed.", "content": "Nursing service directors' role. Management tools needed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041212"}
{"pmid": "1041215", "title": "In vitro activity of penicillins against anaerobes.", "content": "In vitro activity of penicillins against anaerobes. The in vitro susceptibility of 162 anaerobic isolates from clinical material were tested to pencillin G, BL-P1654, and carbenicillin. Penicillin G and BL-P1654 showed good activity against Bacteroides fragilis, but only 60% of strains were susceptible to carbenicillin at achievable blood levels (128 mug/ml).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041215"}
{"pmid": "1041216", "title": "BL-P1654: a bacteriostatic penicillin?", "content": "BL-P1654: a bacteriostatic penicillin? In tube dilution studies, large discrepancies between inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of BL-P1654 against Pseudomonas were observed. To explain these discrepancies which were not observed with carbenicillin, the kinetics of bacterial killing by these two penicillins were evaluated and compared. The kinetics of bacterial killing by both antimicrobial agents were characteristic of a penicillin, with killing initiating simultaneously with growth. Kill curves revealed the presence of a small number of cells resistant to BL-P1654 which were not detectable macroscopically. Studies on microbial resistance also showed the presence of a small but consistent number of cells resistant to BL-P1654 over a broad range of concentrations above its minimal inhibitory concentration. This pattern of resistance was not observed with carbenicillin. Thus, the discrepancies between inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of BL-P1654 were not due to any unusual bacteriostatic activity but rather due to a small number of resistant cells whose presence could be detected only by sensitive subculturing techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041216"}
{"pmid": "1041214", "title": "Letter: Shigella infection and antibiotic resistance.", "content": "Letter: Shigella infection and antibiotic resistance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041214"}
{"pmid": "1041217", "title": "Assessment of susceptibility of ampicillin-resistant enterobacteria to cephalosporins.", "content": "Assessment of susceptibility of ampicillin-resistant enterobacteria to cephalosporins. The susceptibility of 103 ampicillin-resistant strains of enterobacteria to two cephalosporins was assessed by turbidimetric monitoring and disk diffusion tests. The results obtained suggest that in most cases a correlation exists between the suppression of growth of a dense bacterial culture for a therapeutically acceptable period by a fixed, high concentration of cephalosporin and a large zone of inhibition (>/=24 mm) using a high potency disk. This correlation was found to hold good when a moderate, subconfluent inoculum and commercially obtained blood-agar plates were used for the disk test, but not when the stringent conditions required by the Kirby-Bauer test (which demands a dense inoculum on Mueller-Hinton agar) were employed. Better correlation was obtained with cephaloridine than with cephalothin. This approach to the interpretation of disk diffusion tests gives a grossly different picture of the susceptibility of ampicillin-resistant enterobacteria to cephalosporins than do conventional minimal inhibitory concentration-based correlations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041217"}
{"pmid": "1041218", "title": "In vivo protection of Fusobacterium necrophorum from penicillin by Bacteroides fragilis.", "content": "In vivo protection of Fusobacterium necrophorum from penicillin by Bacteroides fragilis. A mixed infection of Bacteroides fragilis and Fusobacterium necrophorum was resistant to treatment with penicillin even though a pure F. necrophorum infection could be successfully treated with penicillin. Since B. fragilis alone did not produce infection, these results indicate that B. fragilis can protect F. necrophorum from penicillin in vivo. The extent of protection afforded by a strain of B. fragilis was related to its level of resistance to penicillin. Only a few cells of B. fragilis were required in the initial bacterial injection. Moreover, protection was demonstrated when B. fragilis cells were injected as late as 24 h after the F. necrophorum cells. Protection of F. necrophorum from penicillin by B. fragilis was also demonstrated in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041218"}
{"pmid": "1041219", "title": "Editorial: What price quality assurance?", "content": "Editorial: What price quality assurance?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041219"}
{"pmid": "1041220", "title": "Forces influence move toward nursing diagnoses.", "content": "Forces influence move toward nursing diagnoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041220"}
{"pmid": "1041221", "title": "PSROs' background and perspective.", "content": "PSROs' background and perspective.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041221"}
{"pmid": "1041222", "title": "Quality assurance in nursing.", "content": "Quality assurance in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041222"}
{"pmid": "1041223", "title": "JCAH patient care audit.", "content": "JCAH patient care audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041223"}
{"pmid": "1041225", "title": "A sample quality assurance checklist.", "content": "A sample quality assurance checklist.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041225"}
{"pmid": "1041224", "title": "Direct observation tool.", "content": "Direct observation tool.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041224"}
{"pmid": "1041226", "title": "Penile prosthesis in impotence.", "content": "Penile prosthesis in impotence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041226"}
{"pmid": "1041227", "title": "CDC (Center for Disease Control) outlines handwashing practices.", "content": "CDC (Center for Disease Control) outlines handwashing practices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041227"}
{"pmid": "1041229", "title": "Mesh repair of abdominal wound dehiscence.", "content": "Mesh repair of abdominal wound dehiscence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041229"}
{"pmid": "1041228", "title": "Current concepts, head and neck cancer surgery.", "content": "Current concepts, head and neck cancer surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041228"}
{"pmid": "1041233", "title": "Australia, health issues and nursing.", "content": "Australia, health issues and nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041233"}
{"pmid": "1041232", "title": "The importance of seeing the whole picture.", "content": "The importance of seeing the whole picture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041232"}
{"pmid": "1041230", "title": "Minocycline in staphylococcal soft-tissue infections.", "content": "Minocycline in staphylococcal soft-tissue infections. Fifteen patients who had severe Staphylococcus aureus infections were treated with minocycline for 6 to 24 days; all responded satisfactorily. Where possible, posttherapy cultures were taken, and in all instances, the pathogen was eradicated. There was no adverse reactions. Minocycline proved to be an acceptable and effective alternative for staphylococcal soft-tissue infections. It has the following advantages: (1) it is administered orally on a twice-daily dosage schedule, which facilitates patient compliance; (2) its toxicity is well defined and is not troublesome during short-term therapy; and (3) it penetrates tissues in therapeutic amounts and yields serum levels that are well above the minimum inhibitory concentrations of most staphylococci.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041230"}
{"pmid": "1041231", "title": "Is there no place like 'Home'?", "content": "Is there no place like 'Home'?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041231"}
{"pmid": "1041234", "title": "How can the vision of Janus help professional nursing?", "content": "How can the vision of Janus help professional nursing?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041234"}
{"pmid": "1041235", "title": "Planning the teaching staff for schools of nursing.", "content": "Planning the teaching staff for schools of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041235"}
{"pmid": "1041236", "title": "Structural equivalents of latency for lysosome hydrolases.", "content": "Structural equivalents of latency for lysosome hydrolases. 1. Structure-linked latency, a trait for most lysosome hydrolase activities, is customarily ascribed to the permeability-barrier function performed by the particle-limiting membrane, which shields enzyme sites from externally added substrates. 2. The influence of various substrate concentrations on the reaction rate has been measured for both free (non-latent) and total (completely unmasked by Triton X-100) hydrolase activities in rat liver cell-free preparations. The substrates were: beta-glycerophosphate, phenolphthalein mono-beta-glucuronide. p-nitrophenyl N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide and p-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactopyranoside. The ratio (free activity/total activity) X 100 is called fractional free activity at any given substrate concentration. 3. The fractional free activity of beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase were clearly independent of substrate concentration, over the range examined, in both homogenates and lysosome-rich fractions. The fractional free activity of acid phosphatase appeared to be either unaffected (homogenate) or even depressed (lysosome-rich fraction) by increasing the beta-glycerophosphate concentration. The fractional free activity of beta-galactosidase consistently showed a non-linear increase with increasing substrate concentration in both homogenates and lysosome-rich fractions. 4. Procedures such as treatment with digitonin, hypo-osmotic shock and acid autolysis, although effective in causing varying degrees of resolution of the latency of lysosome hydrolase activities, were unable to modify appreciably the pattern of dependence or independence of their fractional free activities on substrate concentration, as compared with that exhibited by control preparations. Ouabain did not affect the free beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity of liver homogenates at all. 5. Preincubation of control preparations with beta-glycerophosphate or p-nitrophenyl beta-galactoside did not result in any significant stimulation of the free hydrolytic activity toward these substrates. 6. The results consistently support the view that the membrane of \"intact\" lysosomes is virtually impermeable to all the substrates tested, except for p-nitrophenyl beta-galactoside, for which the evidence is contradictory. Moreover the progressive unmasking of the hydrolase activities produced by these procedures in vitro reflects the increasing proportion of enzyme sites that are fully accessible to their substrates rather than a graded increase in the permeability of the lysosomal membrane.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041236"}
{"pmid": "1041242", "title": "The ionic channels in excitable membranes.", "content": "The ionic channels in excitable membranes. The ionic channels in excitable membranes are of two classes: those that open and close when the membrane potential alters and those that respond to the release of an appropriate chemical transmitter. The former are responsible for the conduction of impulses in nerve and muscle fibres and the latter for synaptic transmission. It is now clear that the sodium and potassium channels in electrically excitable membranes are functionally distinct, since each can be blocked without affecting the behaviour of the other. It has recently proved possible to study, in the voltage-clamped squid giant axon, the movements of the mobile charges or dipoles that form the voltage-sensitive portion of the sodium channels, which give rise to the so-called 'gating' current. Detailed comparisons can now be made between the kinetics of the ionic conductances as described by Hodgkin & Huxley, and the steady-state distribution and kinetics of the charged controlling particles, which should lead to useful conclusions about the intramolecular organization of the sodium channels and the conformational changes that take place under the influence of the electric field. There is as yet little information about the chemical nature of the electrically excitable channels, but significant progress has been made towards the isolation and characterization of the acetylcholine receptors in muscle and electric organ.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041242"}
{"pmid": "1041243", "title": "Spasmonemes, a new contractile system.", "content": "Spasmonemes, a new contractile system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041243"}
{"pmid": "1041244", "title": "How does ATP act as an energy source?", "content": "How does ATP act as an energy source? Two misleading conclusions drawn from the classical treatment of thermodynamics are, first, that single molecules cannot be treated thermodynamically and, second, that all real processes must be irreversible. The first conclusion has meant that the disruptive effect of thermal motions has been ignored, the second has meant that dynamic forces which cannot exist without stored energy, have been left out of account. The effect of these beliefs is demonstrated by analysis in detail of a simple electrostatic model of muscle. It is shown that the necessity of protecting each step against decay of the stored energy, and the requirement that each should be specific, has the effect of stopping the model actually working. Moreover, the character of static forces, which are strongest after their stored energy has been used up, precludes their use in cyclic processes because as much stored energy is required to undo them later in the cycle. Covalent intermediates are also examined from a quantum mechanical viewpoint and it is shown how these store energy which can be transferred by resonant transitions in the ground state when groups like phosphate are transferred chemically between molecules. But this analysis shows that, necessarily, the energy remains stored and therefore not available for muscular contraction. Then it follows naturally both that bond vibrations are produced in exothermic chemical reactions and that, because the force disappears when the energy has been used up, resonant exchange of stored energy in the excited state should solve the difficulties of previous approaches to these problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041244"}
{"pmid": "1041246", "title": "Mechanical and biochemical cycles in muscle contraction.", "content": "Mechanical and biochemical cycles in muscle contraction. The current biochemical approach to understanding the mechanism by which chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy in muscle is by investigating the kinetics of the reaction of ATP with the isolated contractile proteins in solution with stopped and quenched flow techniques. The results are interpreted in terms of a cycle of hydrolysis of ATP. The current mechanical approach lies through the kinetics of force production or length change in preparations with the contractile proteins intact, by following step changes in length or tension. The results are usually interpreted in terms of mechanical cycles of activity of cross-bridges, in which a cross-bridge progresses through a series of states with different mechanical properties. If the biochemist's and the mechanist's cycles are one and the same, a problem arises over the correspondence between states in the two cycles. One approach to answering this question is through the determination of the effect of pH and of such substances as ATP, ADP and inorganic orthophosphate on the mechanical response. We hope that these will act at known points in the biochemist's cycle and their influence upon the mechanical cycle should enable their location here to be ascertained. The paper deals with the effects of phosphate, ATP and magnesium ions on the mechanical response of insect flight muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041246"}
{"pmid": "1041245", "title": "Muscle as a thermodynamic machine.", "content": "Muscle as a thermodynamic machine. Three main problems in the energetics of muscular contraction confront us at the present time:- (1) Thermodynamics. This is a labyrinthine subject in the sense that there are often several equally correct ways (that may appear different) of arriving at the same result. The recent advances in the kinetics of the reactions of muscle proteins have increased still further the need for understanding among muscle physiologists-and other biologists-of those parts of thermodynamics that concern them directly, notably those relating work and chemical change. (2) Energy balance. Over the whole cycle of contraction, relaxation and oxidative recovery, the observed energy output (heat + work) can be accounted for by the chemical processes currently believed to operate in the cycle. In contrast, during contraction and relaxation alone, the energy output is greater than can be accounted for by the extent of known chemical reactions combined with their heats of reaction (measured calorimetrically). The physical and chemical methods cross-check one another-hence the usefulness of the method. The details of this discrepancy may vary from species to species but it is seen in all the experiments known at this time. The general problem will be resolved only when we know more about the chemical reactions that have occurred and reliable measurements have been made of their heats of reaction in vitro. (3) Work balance. Work and heat differ thermodynamically and, since the production of work is a primary function of muscles, the question naturally arises whether the observed splitting of ATP (combined with estimates of the change in free energy of this reaction) is sufficient to account for the work observed. On present information, which is imperfect in several respects, the chemical change is sufficient to account for the work. Estimates of the efficiency of transduction vary in different laboratories from 45 to 66%.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041245"}
{"pmid": "1041237", "title": "Patterns of the drug habit in hospitalized psychiatric patients.", "content": "Patterns of the drug habit in hospitalized psychiatric patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041237"}
{"pmid": "1041247", "title": "Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and energy transfer: a discussion.", "content": "Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and energy transfer: a discussion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041247"}
{"pmid": "1041241", "title": "A simple method for the determination of dependence-producing drugs by gas chromatography.", "content": "A simple method for the determination of dependence-producing drugs by gas chromatography.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041241"}
{"pmid": "1041238", "title": "Six years of cross-sectional surveys of student drug use in Toronto.", "content": "Six years of cross-sectional surveys of student drug use in Toronto.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041238"}
{"pmid": "1041240", "title": "A simple sensitive specific field test for cocaine based on the recognition of the odour of methyl benzoate as a test product.", "content": "A simple sensitive specific field test for cocaine based on the recognition of the odour of methyl benzoate as a test product.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041240"}
{"pmid": "1041239", "title": "Responses of poppy, Papaver somniferum, to photoperiod.", "content": "Responses of poppy, Papaver somniferum, to photoperiod.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041239"}
{"pmid": "1041256", "title": "Trends in continuing education in the United States.", "content": "Trends in continuing education in the United States. Developments in continuing education are closely related to professional and societal trends, developments in medicine and other health professions, scientific advancement, the state of the economy, and other factors.  It is safe to predict that in the future, increasing recognition will be given to continuing education as a necessity for professional practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041256"}
{"pmid": "1041255", "title": "New tasks for psychiatric nurses.", "content": "New tasks for psychiatric nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041255"}
{"pmid": "1041257", "title": "Continuing education strategies for a human service network. A case study in interdisciplinary education.", "content": "Continuing education strategies for a human service network. A case study in interdisciplinary education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041257"}
{"pmid": "1041259", "title": "A computerized education and training record.", "content": "A computerized education and training record.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041259"}
{"pmid": "1041260", "title": "Position statement on nursing licensure from the National League for Nursing.", "content": "Position statement on nursing licensure from the National League for Nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041260"}
{"pmid": "1041263", "title": "A non-traditional course in intensive care nursing.", "content": "A non-traditional course in intensive care nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041263"}
{"pmid": "1041265", "title": "Quality, accountability, and professional responsibility: new tasks for inservice education directors.", "content": "Quality, accountability, and professional responsibility: new tasks for inservice education directors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041265"}
{"pmid": "1041264", "title": "A model of sex-role transcendence, role polarity and sex discrimination in education.", "content": "A model of sex-role transcendence, role polarity and sex discrimination in education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041264"}
{"pmid": "1041254", "title": "Developing student-professor contracts in the clinical area.", "content": "Developing student-professor contracts in the clinical area.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041254"}
{"pmid": "1041274", "title": "Nurse & physician opinion of a modified work week trial.", "content": "Nurse & physician opinion of a modified work week trial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041274"}
{"pmid": "1041273", "title": "Are head nurses obsolete?", "content": "Are head nurses obsolete?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041273"}
{"pmid": "1041258", "title": "Inservice educators provide continuing education.", "content": "Inservice educators provide continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041258"}
{"pmid": "1041275", "title": "An uneasy look at performance appraisal.", "content": "An uneasy look at performance appraisal.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041275"}
{"pmid": "1041266", "title": "Ambulation without legs.", "content": "Ambulation without legs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041266"}
{"pmid": "1041276", "title": "Leadership dynamics.", "content": "Leadership dynamics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041276"}
{"pmid": "1041261", "title": "Synoptics: a simulation game for health professional students.", "content": "Synoptics: a simulation game for health professional students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041261"}
{"pmid": "1041262", "title": "Guest editorial: Reading and continuing education.", "content": "Guest editorial: Reading and continuing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041262"}
{"pmid": "1041268", "title": "Health care and the aged.", "content": "Health care and the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041268"}
{"pmid": "1041277", "title": "Accountability in mental health care.", "content": "Accountability in mental health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041277"}
{"pmid": "1041278", "title": "A philosophy of teaching applied to administration.", "content": "A philosophy of teaching applied to administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041278"}
{"pmid": "1041271", "title": "Death with dignity.", "content": "Death with dignity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041271"}
{"pmid": "1041279", "title": "Letter: Management effectiveness and the role making process.", "content": "Letter: Management effectiveness and the role making process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041279"}
{"pmid": "1041270", "title": "Reminiscence group therapy project.", "content": "Reminiscence group therapy project.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041270"}
{"pmid": "1041280", "title": "Letter: chloramphenicol- and ampicillin-resistant typhoid fever.", "content": "Letter: chloramphenicol- and ampicillin-resistant typhoid fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041280"}
{"pmid": "1041269", "title": "Editorial: Nursing or nursing home administration--a nurse's dilemma.", "content": "Editorial: Nursing or nursing home administration--a nurse's dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041269"}
{"pmid": "1041272", "title": "The therapeutic value of a dining room program in a geriatric setting.", "content": "The therapeutic value of a dining room program in a geriatric setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041272"}
{"pmid": "1041267", "title": "Nurses: prophets of doom?", "content": "Nurses: prophets of doom?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041267"}
{"pmid": "1041310", "title": "Child health conference--nurses' resource manual. Visiting Nurse Association of New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.", "content": "Child health conference--nurses' resource manual. Visiting Nurse Association of New Haven, New Haven, Connecticut.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041310"}
{"pmid": "1041311", "title": "Dosage calculation: method and workbook.", "content": "Dosage calculation: method and workbook.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041311"}
{"pmid": "1041313", "title": "Mr. Peters was afraid to face me ... and his problem.", "content": "Mr. Peters was afraid to face me ... and his problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041313"}
{"pmid": "1041314", "title": "Dealing with... rage. Nursing grand rounds.", "content": "Dealing with... rage. Nursing grand rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041314"}
{"pmid": "1041316", "title": "Wound suction. Better drainage with fewer problems.", "content": "Wound suction. Better drainage with fewer problems.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041316"}
{"pmid": "1041315", "title": "What are your feelings about death and dying? Part 3.", "content": "What are your feelings about death and dying? Part 3.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041315"}
{"pmid": "1041317", "title": "What you should know about communicable diseases and their immunizations. Part II. Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and polio.", "content": "What you should know about communicable diseases and their immunizations. Part II. Diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and polio.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041317"}
{"pmid": "1041318", "title": "Whadda ya say at report?", "content": "Whadda ya say at report?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041318"}
{"pmid": "1041319", "title": "Emergency care for facial injuries.", "content": "Emergency care for facial injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041319"}
{"pmid": "1041320", "title": "Administering potassium chloride.", "content": "Administering potassium chloride.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041320"}
{"pmid": "1041321", "title": "We were no match for \"Zorba the Greek\".", "content": "We were no match for \"Zorba the Greek\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041321"}
{"pmid": "1041322", "title": "All about gastrointestinal intubation.", "content": "All about gastrointestinal intubation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041322"}
{"pmid": "1041323", "title": "Considerate care of the elderly. Little things mean a lot.", "content": "Considerate care of the elderly. Little things mean a lot.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041323"}
{"pmid": "1041324", "title": "Examining the chest. Part II. The heart.", "content": "Examining the chest. Part II. The heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041324"}
{"pmid": "1041325", "title": "Round-the-clock visitor.", "content": "Round-the-clock visitor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041325"}
{"pmid": "1041326", "title": "The G.I. bleeder - seldom as safe as he seems. Nursing grand rounds.", "content": "The G.I. bleeder - seldom as safe as he seems. Nursing grand rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041326"}
{"pmid": "1041328", "title": "Trivia, illusions, and quirks - what they can tell you about your patients.", "content": "Trivia, illusions, and quirks - what they can tell you about your patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041328"}
{"pmid": "1041329", "title": "Overcoming the learning disabilities of stroke.", "content": "Overcoming the learning disabilities of stroke.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041329"}
{"pmid": "1041327", "title": "What are your feelings about death and dying? Part 2.", "content": "What are your feelings about death and dying? Part 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041327"}
{"pmid": "1041330", "title": "What you should know about communicable diseases and their immunizations. Part I. The three Rs.", "content": "What you should know about communicable diseases and their immunizations. Part I. The three Rs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041330"}
{"pmid": "1041331", "title": "Shifting smoothly.", "content": "Shifting smoothly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041331"}
{"pmid": "1041332", "title": "Should you become a school nurse practitioner?", "content": "Should you become a school nurse practitioner?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041332"}
{"pmid": "1041345", "title": "The relationship of significance of nurse-patient relations to pain reaction in labour.", "content": "The relationship of significance of nurse-patient relations to pain reaction in labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041345"}
{"pmid": "1041346", "title": "Patient orientation.", "content": "Patient orientation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041346"}
{"pmid": "1041340", "title": "Personification: patient and nurse problem.", "content": "Personification: patient and nurse problem.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041340"}
{"pmid": "1041335", "title": "IAM (Immunization Action Month); major role for the PNP/A.", "content": "IAM (Immunization Action Month); major role for the PNP/A.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041335"}
{"pmid": "1041334", "title": "Bathing the ICN baby.", "content": "Bathing the ICN baby.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041334"}
{"pmid": "1041342", "title": "\"Bargaining\" to improve communications in conjoint family therapy.", "content": "\"Bargaining\" to improve communications in conjoint family therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041342"}
{"pmid": "1041333", "title": "Is there a place for a rocking chair in your newborn nursery? A review of studies on the effect of rocking the newborn.", "content": "Is there a place for a rocking chair in your newborn nursery? A review of studies on the effect of rocking the newborn.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041333"}
{"pmid": "1041347", "title": "Bedpan anxiety.", "content": "Bedpan anxiety.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041347"}
{"pmid": "1041339", "title": "Commentary on \"getting into print\".", "content": "Commentary on \"getting into print\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041339"}
{"pmid": "1041348", "title": "A study of work performance.", "content": "A study of work performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041348"}
{"pmid": "1041341", "title": "Communicating with depressed persons.", "content": "Communicating with depressed persons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041341"}
{"pmid": "1041338", "title": "A child grows. Part 4. The child's perceptual and linguistic development.", "content": "A child grows. Part 4. The child's perceptual and linguistic development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041338"}
{"pmid": "1041350", "title": "Cardiac arrest and resuscitation.", "content": "Cardiac arrest and resuscitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041350"}
{"pmid": "1041336", "title": "Family assessment and intervention plan.", "content": "Family assessment and intervention plan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041336"}
{"pmid": "1041351", "title": "Medical hypnosis.", "content": "Medical hypnosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041351"}
{"pmid": "1041349", "title": "Facts and fancies in human labour.", "content": "Facts and fancies in human labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041349"}
{"pmid": "1041352", "title": "Ultrasonics in obstetrics.", "content": "Ultrasonics in obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041352"}
{"pmid": "1041343", "title": "Rabbit--therapeutic prescription.", "content": "Rabbit--therapeutic prescription.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041343"}
{"pmid": "1041353", "title": "Nursing management of patients with traumatic cord bladder.", "content": "Nursing management of patients with traumatic cord bladder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041353"}
{"pmid": "1041337", "title": "Hypertension in adolescents.", "content": "Hypertension in adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041337"}
{"pmid": "1041354", "title": "Personnel management and the nursing service.", "content": "Personnel management and the nursing service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041354"}
{"pmid": "1041355", "title": "Breast feeding in the lower socio-economic group.", "content": "Breast feeding in the lower socio-economic group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041355"}
{"pmid": "1041344", "title": "Gender identity crises in young schizophrenic women.", "content": "Gender identity crises in young schizophrenic women.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041344"}
{"pmid": "1041356", "title": "New lease of life for heparin.", "content": "New lease of life for heparin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041356"}
{"pmid": "1041357", "title": "Substitutes for doctors.", "content": "Substitutes for doctors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041357"}
{"pmid": "1041358", "title": "Cardiac catheterisation.", "content": "Cardiac catheterisation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041358"}
{"pmid": "1041360", "title": "Care of the cardiothoracic patient. Physiotherapy.", "content": "Care of the cardiothoracic patient. Physiotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041360"}
{"pmid": "1041359", "title": "Cardiac valve replacement.", "content": "Cardiac valve replacement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041359"}
{"pmid": "1041361", "title": "In sickness and in wealth. Going private.", "content": "In sickness and in wealth. Going private.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041361"}
{"pmid": "1041362", "title": "Dynamic aspects in clinical learning. 3.", "content": "Dynamic aspects in clinical learning. 3.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041362"}
{"pmid": "1041363", "title": "Editorial: Prisoners of the body.", "content": "Editorial: Prisoners of the body.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041363"}
{"pmid": "1041364", "title": "What is a nurse?", "content": "What is a nurse?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041364"}
{"pmid": "1041365", "title": "Controversy corner 1974--reorganisation or demoralisation?", "content": "Controversy corner 1974--reorganisation or demoralisation?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041365"}
{"pmid": "1041366", "title": "Restricted growth.", "content": "Restricted growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041366"}
{"pmid": "1041367", "title": "A hospital with Sphynx for company.", "content": "A hospital with Sphynx for company.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041367"}
{"pmid": "1041368", "title": "In sickness and in wealth. The 'customers'.", "content": "In sickness and in wealth. The 'customers'.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041368"}
{"pmid": "1041369", "title": "Cancer education and training.", "content": "Cancer education and training.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041369"}
{"pmid": "1041370", "title": "Editorial: The Cinderella service.", "content": "Editorial: The Cinderella service.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041370"}
{"pmid": "1041372", "title": "Accidental hypothermia in fit young adults.", "content": "Accidental hypothermia in fit young adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041372"}
{"pmid": "1041371", "title": "Health Authority membership.", "content": "Health Authority membership.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041371"}
{"pmid": "1041373", "title": "Venomous fish.", "content": "Venomous fish.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041373"}
{"pmid": "1041374", "title": "Nursing care study: multiple fractures caused by a road accident.", "content": "Nursing care study: multiple fractures caused by a road accident.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041374"}
{"pmid": "1041376", "title": "Diseases in the Bible.", "content": "Diseases in the Bible.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041376"}
{"pmid": "1041375", "title": "Induction of labour.", "content": "Induction of labour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041375"}
{"pmid": "1041377", "title": "Safely delivered.", "content": "Safely delivered.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041377"}
{"pmid": "1041378", "title": "Supporting the elderly.", "content": "Supporting the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041378"}
{"pmid": "1041379", "title": "Camels or thoroughbreds?", "content": "Camels or thoroughbreds?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041379"}
{"pmid": "1041380", "title": "The natural transition.", "content": "The natural transition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041380"}
{"pmid": "1041381", "title": "ICN takes some forward-looking decisions.", "content": "ICN takes some forward-looking decisions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041381"}
{"pmid": "1041382", "title": "First-class beds.", "content": "First-class beds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041382"}
{"pmid": "1041383", "title": "VD-the new danger.", "content": "VD-the new danger.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041383"}
{"pmid": "1041384", "title": "Question and answer: some helpful hints at examination time.", "content": "Question and answer: some helpful hints at examination time.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041384"}
{"pmid": "1041386", "title": "Schizophrenia.", "content": "Schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041386"}
{"pmid": "1041385", "title": "Nursing care study. Traumatic amputation of the right arm.", "content": "Nursing care study. Traumatic amputation of the right arm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041385"}
{"pmid": "1041387", "title": "What is rickets?", "content": "What is rickets?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041387"}
{"pmid": "1041388", "title": "Resettlement; helping the disabled back to work.", "content": "Resettlement; helping the disabled back to work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041388"}
{"pmid": "1041389", "title": "Drug administration.", "content": "Drug administration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041389"}
{"pmid": "1041390", "title": "Learning to understand.", "content": "Learning to understand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041390"}
{"pmid": "1041391", "title": "Screening for inborn errors of metabolism in infancy.", "content": "Screening for inborn errors of metabolism in infancy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041391"}
{"pmid": "1041392", "title": "Registered nurse training in developing countries.", "content": "Registered nurse training in developing countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041392"}
{"pmid": "1041393", "title": "In vivo development of resistance to clindamycin by Staphylococcus aureus.", "content": "In vivo development of resistance to clindamycin by Staphylococcus aureus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041393"}
{"pmid": "1041404", "title": "Flow in glass models of arterial bifurcations and berry aneurysms at low Reynolds numbers.", "content": "Flow in glass models of arterial bifurcations and berry aneurysms at low Reynolds numbers. Using the dye injection technique, flow at low Reynolds numbers was studied in glass models which simulated arterial bifurcations of varying angles and had varying bluntness of the apex or crotch. Forks bearing small saccular evaginations simulating berry aneurysms were investigated similarly.. At quite low Reynolds numbers in all the models small wave motion was observed at the forks. At higher Reynolds numbers and below the critical values for turbulence, larger Vortices akin to a Kármán vortex street were shed from most of the forks. The disturbances were attributed to boundary layer separation and a jet-edge effect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041404"}
{"pmid": "1041403", "title": "The effect of potassium chloride infusion of parotid salivary flow and composition in conscious sheep.", "content": "The effect of potassium chloride infusion of parotid salivary flow and composition in conscious sheep. The composition and flow of parotid saliva in conscious sheep was measured before, during and after the intravenous infusion of 0-43 M-KCl or 0-43 M-NaCl at 2 ml./min for 2 hr. The salivary flow rate was depressed during the infusion of potassium chloride into both intact sheep and adrenalectomized sheep. As the salivary flow was unchanged by sodium chloride infusion it was concluded that the potassium ion was responsible for the decrease in flow and that this effect was not mediated through any of the adrenal hormones. The highly significant negative correlation between plasma potassium concentration and salivary flow throughout all potassium infusions indicated that the extent to which the salivary flow was depressed varied with the degree of hyperkalaemia. Except for situations where mineralocorticoid levels were likely to be elevated the concentrations of sodium and potassium in the saliva were positively correlated with the plasma concentrations of these ions. The salivary bicarbonate concentration of the saliva was negatively related to flow. The chloride concentration of the saliva was negatively correlated with salivary flow during all potassium chloride infusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041403"}
{"pmid": "1041405", "title": "Changes in renal haemodynamics and electrolyte excretion during acute hyperkalemia in conscious adrenalectomized sheep.", "content": "Changes in renal haemodynamics and electrolyte excretion during acute hyperkalemia in conscious adrenalectomized sheep. The p-aminohippurate (PAH) clearance, inulin clearance and the excretion of electrolytes by 10 adrenalectomized sheep were measured before, during and after the infusion of 0-43 M-KCl at 2 ml./min for 2 hr. The PAH clearance increased as the plasma potassium concentration increased up to approximately 6-0 m-mole/l. Further increases in plasma potassium were associated with a progressive return of the PAH clearance to or below the pre-infusion levels. At its maximum the PAH clearance was 1-228 +/- 0-032 (S.E. of mean) times the pre-infusion levels. The inulin clearance increased to reach a mazimum coincident with or subsequent to the maximum PAH clearance. The maximum level of inulin clearance during the hyperkalaemia was 1-158 +/- 0-020 times the pre-infusion clearance. The increments in the clearance of potassium and of bicarbonate rose rapidly to exceed the increment in inulin clearance during the hyperkalaemia in all experiments. The increments in the clearance of sodium and of chloride exceeded the increment in inulin clearance in more than half the experiments. It was concluded that although hyperkalaemia was associated with increased glomerular filtration much of the increased excretion of sodium, chloride and bicarbonate was derived from depressed tubular reabsorption of the ions. When the infusion experiments were repeated on the same animals the sheep demonstrated an improved ability to control the rise in plasma potassium concentration which was similar to potassium adaptation described in other species. There were no apparent differences between sheep maintained on 1-5 mg and 5 mg deoxycorticosterone acetate daily in their adaptation to potassium loading and the effect was tentatively attributed to the level of steroid maintenance being chronically high. The toxicity of hyperkalaemia was not lessened by this adaptation to potassium loading.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041405"}
{"pmid": "1041406", "title": "Plasma iron transport during egg laying and after oestrogen administration in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus).", "content": "Plasma iron transport during egg laying and after oestrogen administration in the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus). The concentrations of 59Fe and of radioiodinated transferrin and albumin were measured in the blood, liver, spleen, bone marrow and ova at different times after the injection of transferrin-bound 59Fe and the labelled proteins into non-laying, laying and oestrogen treated chickens. In the egg-laying and oestrogen-treated birds the 59Fe of the plasma was rapidly transferred from transferrin to another component with the properties of th phosphoprotein, phosvitin. Radioactive iron, and labelled transferrin and albumin to a lesser extent, entered the ova only while they were in the ovary. Relatively more labelled transferrin than albumin was found in all the tissues studied except in the ova, in which the two labelled proteins were present in the same relative concentration as in the plasma. It is concluded that, during egg laying and after oestrogen treatment, plasma iron bound to transferrin is taken up by the liver, incorporated into phosvitin and is then secreted into the plasma leading to elevation of the plasma iron concentration and transfer of iron to the ova.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041406"}
{"pmid": "1041407", "title": "Emergency management of acutely burned patients.", "content": "Emergency management of acutely burned patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041407"}
{"pmid": "1041408", "title": "Surgery + intensive nursing care equal this happy ending.", "content": "Surgery + intensive nursing care equal this happy ending.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041408"}
{"pmid": "1041410", "title": "Emergency care of the hemophiliac.", "content": "Emergency care of the hemophiliac.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041410"}
{"pmid": "1041409", "title": "Keeping tabs on I.V. fluid intake.", "content": "Keeping tabs on I.V. fluid intake.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041409"}
{"pmid": "1041411", "title": "For earlier correction of great-artery transposition.", "content": "For earlier correction of great-artery transposition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041411"}
{"pmid": "1041412", "title": "As flu season approaches: a call to battle.", "content": "As flu season approaches: a call to battle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041412"}
{"pmid": "1041414", "title": "Nursing decisions: experiences in clinical problem solving. A postsurgical patient with leg pain.", "content": "Nursing decisions: experiences in clinical problem solving. A postsurgical patient with leg pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041414"}
{"pmid": "1041413", "title": "Modern treatment for an old complaint, headache.", "content": "Modern treatment for an old complaint, headache.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041413"}
{"pmid": "1041415", "title": "\"We didn't know better, so we did it wrong\".", "content": "\"We didn't know better, so we did it wrong\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041415"}
{"pmid": "1041416", "title": "A diabetic child is still a child--with diabetes.", "content": "A diabetic child is still a child--with diabetes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041416"}
{"pmid": "1041417", "title": "\"We took the strain out of nursing and lab relations\".", "content": "\"We took the strain out of nursing and lab relations\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041417"}
{"pmid": "1041418", "title": "Nursing management in sickle cell disease.", "content": "Nursing management in sickle cell disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041418"}
{"pmid": "1041420", "title": "Nurse-epidemiologist: key to infection control.", "content": "Nurse-epidemiologist: key to infection control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041420"}
{"pmid": "1041419", "title": "A special kind of kidney patient.", "content": "A special kind of kidney patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041419"}
{"pmid": "1041421", "title": "How nurses view patient suffering.", "content": "How nurses view patient suffering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041421"}
{"pmid": "1041422", "title": "Fighting the second most frequent infections. Part 1.", "content": "Fighting the second most frequent infections. Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041422"}
{"pmid": "1041423", "title": "At last: early warning against neurologic disaster.", "content": "At last: early warning against neurologic disaster.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041423"}
{"pmid": "1041424", "title": "New light on fatal complications of MI.", "content": "New light on fatal complications of MI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041424"}
{"pmid": "1041425", "title": "Long-term survival after myocardial infarction.", "content": "Long-term survival after myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041425"}
{"pmid": "1041426", "title": "What to do for a monitored patient.", "content": "What to do for a monitored patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041426"}
{"pmid": "1041427", "title": "Fiberoptic endoscopy of the UGI.", "content": "Fiberoptic endoscopy of the UGI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041427"}
{"pmid": "1041428", "title": "Fiberoptic endoscopy of the UGI and of the colon.", "content": "Fiberoptic endoscopy of the UGI and of the colon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041428"}
{"pmid": "1041429", "title": "Trauma training: expanding the role of ED nurses.", "content": "Trauma training: expanding the role of ED nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041429"}
{"pmid": "1041430", "title": "If you ever need to return to nursing, here's how.", "content": "If you ever need to return to nursing, here's how.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041430"}
{"pmid": "1041431", "title": "The renal humoral system: a cause of hypertension?", "content": "The renal humoral system: a cause of hypertension?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041431"}
{"pmid": "1041432", "title": "What you need to know about bioavailability.", "content": "What you need to know about bioavailability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041432"}
{"pmid": "1041433", "title": "When a child dies, accident or suicide?", "content": "When a child dies, accident or suicide?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041433"}
{"pmid": "1041434", "title": "Suicide: some children really mean it.", "content": "Suicide: some children really mean it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041434"}
{"pmid": "1041438", "title": "The good and bad of 12-hour shifts.", "content": "The good and bad of 12-hour shifts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041438"}
{"pmid": "1041437", "title": "Gastric acid down, OB patient safety up!", "content": "Gastric acid down, OB patient safety up!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041437"}
{"pmid": "1041439", "title": "Nursing decisions: experiences in clinical problem solving. Ms. F.; a restless post-thyroidectomy patient.", "content": "Nursing decisions: experiences in clinical problem solving. Ms. F.; a restless post-thyroidectomy patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041439"}
{"pmid": "1041435", "title": "For nursing adventure, team up with MEDICO!", "content": "For nursing adventure, team up with MEDICO!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041435"}
{"pmid": "1041436", "title": "Surgery: successful treatment for deep decubiti.", "content": "Surgery: successful treatment for deep decubiti.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041436"}
{"pmid": "1041440", "title": "The adolescent unit: tailored for teen-age patients.", "content": "The adolescent unit: tailored for teen-age patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041440"}
{"pmid": "1041441", "title": "Stroke! Nursing insights from a stroke-nurse victim.", "content": "Stroke! Nursing insights from a stroke-nurse victim.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041441"}
{"pmid": "1041442", "title": "Guidelines to stroke-patient care.", "content": "Guidelines to stroke-patient care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041442"}
{"pmid": "1041443", "title": "This delivery draping dazzled the doctor.", "content": "This delivery draping dazzled the doctor.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041443"}
{"pmid": "1041444", "title": "Pay yourself a pension-and enjoy a tax break now!", "content": "Pay yourself a pension-and enjoy a tax break now!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041444"}
{"pmid": "1041445", "title": "In defense of the private duty nurse.", "content": "In defense of the private duty nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041445"}
{"pmid": "1041446", "title": "The many faces of alcoholism.", "content": "The many faces of alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041446"}
{"pmid": "1041447", "title": "Pace: planned acquisition of clinical experience.", "content": "Pace: planned acquisition of clinical experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041447"}
{"pmid": "1041448", "title": "How does the unit manager system affect the head nurse?", "content": "How does the unit manager system affect the head nurse?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041448"}
{"pmid": "1041449", "title": "The art and science of supervision. Prescription for frustration.", "content": "The art and science of supervision. Prescription for frustration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041449"}
{"pmid": "1041450", "title": "Supervisor overseas: Agency nurse reductions.", "content": "Supervisor overseas: Agency nurse reductions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041450"}
{"pmid": "1041452", "title": "Statement of Illinois Nurses' Association on the effect of the 1974 Taft-Hartley Act amendments on hospital relationships with nurses' associations.", "content": "Statement of Illinois Nurses' Association on the effect of the 1974 Taft-Hartley Act amendments on hospital relationships with nurses' associations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041452"}
{"pmid": "1041451", "title": "Law for the nurse supervisor. The Buckley privacy law.", "content": "Law for the nurse supervisor. The Buckley privacy law.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041451"}
{"pmid": "1041453", "title": "A subchronic study of the toxicity of an orally administered benzoquinolizinyl derivative in the rat and dog.", "content": "A subchronic study of the toxicity of an orally administered benzoquinolizinyl derivative in the rat and dog. The subchronic toxicity of the trans isomer of N-(1,3,4,6,7-hexahydro-11bH-benzo[a] quinolizin-2-yl) propionanilide hydrochloride (TR2379), a new antihypertensive agent, was studied in rats and dogs. TR2379 was well tolerated for 13 weeks at daily p.o. doses up to 200 mg/kg in the rat and 70 mg/kg in the dog. However, severe toxic manifestations, including death, were elicited in the rat at 820 mg/kg and in the dog at 160 mg/kg. Toxicity in both species was characterized by a reduction in body weight gain and an increase in the weight of several organs, (liver, heart, kidneys, adrenals, and thyroids). Serum alkaline phosphatase, which was not assayed in the rat, was markedly increased in the dog. Microscopic examination of the various tissues revealed no evidence of organ pathology in either species.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041453"}
{"pmid": "1041455", "title": "Certified nurses face many responsibilities.", "content": "Certified nurses face many responsibilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041455"}
{"pmid": "1041456", "title": "ANA certification program has 15-year history.", "content": "ANA certification program has 15-year history.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041456"}
{"pmid": "1041454", "title": "Influence of a benzoquinolizinyl derivative on serum and hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity in the dog and rat.", "content": "Influence of a benzoquinolizinyl derivative on serum and hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity in the dog and rat. Oral administration of 100 mg/kg of TR2379, N-(1,3,4,6,7-hexahydro-11bH-benzo[a]quinolizin-2-yl) propionanilide hydrochloride, for 20--29 days to 6 dogs resulted in significant elevations of alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity in serum and in liver microsomes. Results of biochemical and histochemical experiments revealed that the liver was the sole source of the increased AP activity but there was no evidence of liver damage. The subchronic (7-35 day) p.o. administration of TR2379 at 820 mg/kg to 20 rats did not produce elevation of AP activity in serum or liver. Relative liver weights (g/100 g body wt) of rats receiving TR2379 were significantly increased during the 2nd week and thereafter. The results of these studies suggest that high doses of TR2379 induce protein synthesis in dog and rat liver and induce AP activity in the dog but not in the rat. The elevation of AP in the dog is not considered to have toxicologic implications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041454"}
{"pmid": "1041459", "title": "Rights outlined for directors of nursing.", "content": "Rights outlined for directors of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041459"}
{"pmid": "1041458", "title": "Editorial: Nurses must press for consumer's right to health care.", "content": "Editorial: Nurses must press for consumer's right to health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041458"}
{"pmid": "1041457", "title": "Sen. Kennedy Aide speaks to health legislation.", "content": "Sen. Kennedy Aide speaks to health legislation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041457"}
{"pmid": "1041460", "title": "Transcultural nursing presents exciting challenge.", "content": "Transcultural nursing presents exciting challenge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041460"}
{"pmid": "1041461", "title": "Indian nurse considers cultural traits.", "content": "Indian nurse considers cultural traits.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041461"}
{"pmid": "1041462", "title": "ANA labor relations workshops win encore.", "content": "ANA labor relations workshops win encore.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041462"}
{"pmid": "1041463", "title": "NLRB rules on nursing's community of interest.", "content": "NLRB rules on nursing's community of interest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041463"}
{"pmid": "1041465", "title": "Alternatives to institutionalization offered elderly.", "content": "Alternatives to institutionalization offered elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041465"}
{"pmid": "1041464", "title": "Facilitatprs discuss challenges of NHI.", "content": "Facilitatprs discuss challenges of NHI.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041464"}
{"pmid": "1041466", "title": "Editorial: Bylaws need periodic revision.", "content": "Editorial: Bylaws need periodic revision.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041466"}
{"pmid": "1041467", "title": "Involvement is a must for the well-rounded graduate.", "content": "Involvement is a must for the well-rounded graduate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041467"}
{"pmid": "1041468", "title": "Indian nurses hold national conference.", "content": "Indian nurses hold national conference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041468"}
{"pmid": "1041469", "title": "Women working harder, enjoying less leisure.", "content": "Women working harder, enjoying less leisure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041469"}
{"pmid": "1041470", "title": "Mandate for circulator shows RN role.", "content": "Mandate for circulator shows RN role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041470"}
{"pmid": "1041471", "title": "Current works to define, classify nursing diagnoses.", "content": "Current works to define, classify nursing diagnoses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041471"}
{"pmid": "1041472", "title": "Congress theme should be put into practice.", "content": "Congress theme should be put into practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041472"}
{"pmid": "1041473", "title": "AORN survey: OR staffing, pay policies.", "content": "AORN survey: OR staffing, pay policies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041473"}
{"pmid": "1041474", "title": "Chemosurgery in skin cancer.", "content": "Chemosurgery in skin cancer.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041474"}
{"pmid": "1041476", "title": "OR care for epistaxis patients.", "content": "OR care for epistaxis patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041476"}
{"pmid": "1041477", "title": "Findings of study on surgical services.", "content": "Findings of study on surgical services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041477"}
{"pmid": "1041475", "title": "Localizer cast, fusion for scoliosis.", "content": "Localizer cast, fusion for scoliosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041475"}
{"pmid": "1041478", "title": "OR nursing content in curriculum design.", "content": "OR nursing content in curriculum design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041478"}
{"pmid": "1041479", "title": "Student reaction to OR experience.", "content": "Student reaction to OR experience.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041479"}
{"pmid": "1041480", "title": "Cooperative approach to nursing education.", "content": "Cooperative approach to nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041480"}
{"pmid": "1041482", "title": "Bilateral deep brachial vein thrombophlebitis due to vibrio fetus.", "content": "Bilateral deep brachial vein thrombophlebitis due to vibrio fetus. A patient had bilateral deep brachial vein thrombophlebitis in which Vibrio fetus was recovered from six blood cultures of the six drawn. Fever and phlebitis continued with treatment with intravenous doses of heparin and oxacillin but rapidly improved with treatment change of oxacillin to clindamycin. In vitro antibiotic disk susceptibility testing confirmed resistance to oxacillin and susceptibility to clindamycin. Vibrio fetus infection is associated with the vascular endothelium in this and previously reported cases", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041482"}
{"pmid": "1041481", "title": "A graphic look at OR utilization.", "content": "A graphic look at OR utilization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041481"}
{"pmid": "1041483", "title": "Looking back at Papua New Guinea.", "content": "Looking back at Papua New Guinea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041483"}
{"pmid": "1041484", "title": "Life times: the last of William Henry.", "content": "Life times: the last of William Henry.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041484"}
{"pmid": "1041485", "title": "Immunization.", "content": "Immunization.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041485"}
{"pmid": "1041486", "title": "Improving nursing practice and patient care through education.", "content": "Improving nursing practice and patient care through education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041486"}
{"pmid": "1041487", "title": "The development of a new hospital bed.", "content": "The development of a new hospital bed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041487"}
{"pmid": "1041489", "title": "Editorial: Something attempted.", "content": "Editorial: Something attempted.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041489"}
{"pmid": "1041488", "title": "Team nursing: an essential ingredient for success.", "content": "Team nursing: an essential ingredient for success.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041488"}
{"pmid": "1041490", "title": "A computer study of bacterial resistance patterns to antibiotics.", "content": "A computer study of bacterial resistance patterns to antibiotics. The study of resistance patterns of strains of bacteria to antibiotics in different regions of a country and, if possible, comparing them at international level appears to be a useful exercise. The patterns of resistance during 1968-71 revealed an increasing resistance for most antibiotics with an unexpected increase for chloramphenicol. Notable is a decreasing resistance, not only of coagulase-positive strains of Staphylococcus aureus but also of other micro-organisms towards doxycycline. For practical purposes there was no difference between the sensitivy of the isolates from hospitalized patients and from out-patients, though less pronounced in the latter. The incidence of resistance among strains isolated from the paediatric ward was low. Comparatively small changes in molecular structure may result in relatively large differences in the sensitivity pattern; for example, between tetracycline and doxycycline (Vibramycin, Pfizer), the greatest activity is seen with doxycycline.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041490"}
{"pmid": "1041500", "title": "Resistance categories of enterobacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics.", "content": "Resistance categories of enterobacteria to beta-lactam antibiotics. The activities of cephaloridine, cephalothin, and ampicillin against dense cultures of 103 ampicillin-resistant gram-negative bacilli were compared in a turbidimetric system. The organisms were divided into two groups according to their behavior in conventional minimal inhibitory concentration titrations: those fully resistant to ampicillin at a concentration of 500 mug/ml and those inhibited by 32-500 mug of ampicillin/ml. Of the 83 strains in the first group, most were more sensitive to cephalothin than to cephaloridine, whereas the 20 strains in the second group exhibited a number of interesting properties peculiar to them. On the basis of these and previous results, six distinct categories of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics have been detected among enterobacteria.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041500"}
{"pmid": "1041501", "title": "Do boys with a low-average I.Q. actually have a low self-esteem?", "content": "Do boys with a low-average I.Q. actually have a low self-esteem? The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the needs, fears, aspirations, and attitudes of the low-average elementary and junior high age boy. The settings were two schools, a junior high (grades 9-12) and an elementary school (grades 5-6), located in a working class community. Two separate groups involving boys ages 11 and 12 years, and boys ages 14 and 15 years, met for five consecutive meetings. The structured interview in a group setting was chosen to increase the likelihood of a spontaneous, open interchange, as opposed to a more restricted response pattern. All subjects had failed at least one year, had maintained a stable I.Q. of 80-90 during their school years and were level in one or more subjects. The findings suggest caution in automatically equating low-average intelligence in boys with low self-concept, lack of career plans, family problems, and other similar stereotypes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041501"}
{"pmid": "1041502", "title": "A perspective on drinking among teenagers with special reference to New York State studies.", "content": "A perspective on drinking among teenagers with special reference to New York State studies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041502"}
{"pmid": "1041503", "title": "Assessment of the cognitive effect of a prototype health education unit on sixth grade students.", "content": "Assessment of the cognitive effect of a prototype health education unit on sixth grade students. The purpose of this study was to assess the cognitive effects of a prototype health education teaching model on the cardiovascular health knowledge of selected sixth grade students. The level of significance for the study was set at .05. No significant differences between pre-test mean scores, experimental to control group were found. Significant differences between post-test mean scores, experimental to control group were noted. No significant differences between control group pre-test to post-test mean scores were found. Although significant experimental group pre-test to post-test mean scores were found in all four locations, no significant differences were found between the experimental post-test mean scores by geographic location.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041503"}
{"pmid": "1041505", "title": "The effect of individual contracting and guided group interaction upon behavior disordered youth's self-concept.", "content": "The effect of individual contracting and guided group interaction upon behavior disordered youth's self-concept.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041505"}
{"pmid": "1041504", "title": "A study of personality change associated with the conducting of a high school unit on homosexuality.", "content": "A study of personality change associated with the conducting of a high school unit on homosexuality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041504"}
{"pmid": "1041506", "title": "Smoking and obesity: the behavioral ramifications.", "content": "Smoking and obesity: the behavioral ramifications.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041506"}
{"pmid": "1041507", "title": "Position paper: philosophy and goals for school nurse educational preparation.", "content": "Position paper: philosophy and goals for school nurse educational preparation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041507"}
{"pmid": "1041508", "title": "Values clarification and the school nurse.", "content": "Values clarification and the school nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041508"}
{"pmid": "1041496", "title": "Nursing in Lebanon.", "content": "Nursing in Lebanon.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041496"}
{"pmid": "1041498", "title": "Roles that nurses in the community can play in nursing research.", "content": "Roles that nurses in the community can play in nursing research.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041498"}
{"pmid": "1041497", "title": "Simulation techniques for nursing education.", "content": "Simulation techniques for nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041497"}
{"pmid": "1041509", "title": "Kindergarten screening program for learning disabilities.", "content": "Kindergarten screening program for learning disabilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041509"}
{"pmid": "1041499", "title": "Student nurse problems: the case of Mary Ellen Waters.", "content": "Student nurse problems: the case of Mary Ellen Waters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041499"}
{"pmid": "1041510", "title": "The sick role and the role of the physician reconsidered.", "content": "The sick role and the role of the physician reconsidered. The main substance of this paper was presented orally at a meeting of the Sick Role, organized and chaired by Andrew Twaddle. It was a commentary on four papers and the oral discussion of them. In response to these the paper first discusses the relation of the sick role to deviant behavior and the motivation to become and remain ill. The position was taken that the author never had meant to confine the category of illness to deviant behavior, though its negative valuation should not be forgotten. Nor had he confined it to cases of acute illness, omitting consideration of chronic and other types. The most important issue, however, concerned the structure of the relation between physician and patient. Though insisting that interaction between them is two-way, not one-way, the author insisted that the relation is basically asymmetrical because of the physician's expertise in health matters, gained through training and experience, and his special fiduciary responsibility for the care of the sick. In this respect the relationship is different from others such as the competitive market or the democratic association, but is comparable to the relation of teacher and student in higher education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041510"}
{"pmid": "1041511", "title": "The longevity and mortality of American physicians, 1969-1973.", "content": "The longevity and mortality of American physicians, 1969-1973. This paper analyzes the mortality experience of male and female physicians during the five-year period 1969 through 1973 in terms of age, sex, geographic location, and medical specialty. Physician mortality and longevity are then compared with the experience prevailing among the U.S. white population of the same age and sex. Relationships between socioeconomic status and mortality suggest that physicians should have a better mortality experience than the general population and as such have a greater overall expectation of life. Previous studies of physician mortality in the United States using data from the records of the American Medical Association, have examined physician mortality relative to comparable groups of white males. No studies of physician mortality utilizing a population-based approach have been reported since that of the 1949 to 1951 population of physicians, and previous studies may have been subject to certain limitations in the data. Empirical findings are presented which demonstrate the improvement in physician longevity since 1925. The relationship between age- and sex-specific mortality and geographic location and medical specialization is also discussed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041511"}
{"pmid": "1041512", "title": "The effect of amniotic fluid removal on pulmonary maturation in sheep.", "content": "The effect of amniotic fluid removal on pulmonary maturation in sheep.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041512"}
{"pmid": "1041514", "title": "Antimicrobial therapy of anaerobic infections.", "content": "Antimicrobial therapy of anaerobic infections.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041514"}
{"pmid": "1041516", "title": "Antibiotics in the treatment of chronic staphylococcal osteomyelitis.", "content": "Antibiotics in the treatment of chronic staphylococcal osteomyelitis. Fourteen patients with chronic osteomyelitis were treated with oral penicillin, oxacillin, or cloxacillin at a dose of 5 gm/day, plus 0.5 gm of probenecid (Benemid) three or four times per day. Treatment was continued for 2 1/2 to six months. In ten patients, evidence of osteomyelitis disappeared and there has been no recurrence during follow-up periods varying from six months to 2 1/2 years. Significant hepatotoxicity was encountered in two patients; one similar patient, not in this series but receiving a similar regimen of antibiotic, developed leukipenia. Thus, patients with chronic osteomyelitis appear to benefit from such a therapeutic program, but they must be monitored closely for hepatic or hematologic toxicity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041516"}
{"pmid": "1041515", "title": "Renal excretion of monovalent cations during functional adrenalectomy in conscious sheep.", "content": "Renal excretion of monovalent cations during functional adrenalectomy in conscious sheep. In sheep with both adrenals removed and one re-implanted in the neck, functional adrenalectomy was produced in conscious undisturbed animals by occluding the blood supply to the transplanted gland. Functional adrenalectomy caused a fall in potassium excretion and a very large increase in sodium excretion and was reversed by aldosterone. Hydrocortisone infusions slightly increased potassium excretion and reduced solute-free water reabsorption. Preliminary evidence suggests that potassium secretion into urine was still occurring during the 8 hr period of adrenal occlusion and functional adrenalectomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041515"}
{"pmid": "1041517", "title": "The great mass murder trial.", "content": "The great mass murder trial.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041517"}
{"pmid": "1041518", "title": "Proper use of corticosteroids.", "content": "Proper use of corticosteroids.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041518"}
{"pmid": "1041519", "title": "Air shipment of pets: what to tell your clients.", "content": "Air shipment of pets: what to tell your clients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041519"}
{"pmid": "1041520", "title": "Avulsion of the medical head of the gastrocnemius in the dog.", "content": "Avulsion of the medical head of the gastrocnemius in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041520"}
{"pmid": "1041521", "title": "Streptococcus canis: an isolate from a canine uterus.", "content": "Streptococcus canis: an isolate from a canine uterus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041521"}
{"pmid": "1041522", "title": "Critical tests with pyrantel pamoate against internal parasites in dogs from Wisconsin.", "content": "Critical tests with pyrantel pamoate against internal parasites in dogs from Wisconsin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041522"}
{"pmid": "1041523", "title": "Occipital dysplasia and hydrocephalus in a Toy Poodle.", "content": "Occipital dysplasia and hydrocephalus in a Toy Poodle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041523"}
{"pmid": "1041524", "title": "Intratracheal gentamicin and dexamethasone for treatment of infectious tracheobronchitis in the dog.", "content": "Intratracheal gentamicin and dexamethasone for treatment of infectious tracheobronchitis in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041524"}
{"pmid": "1041525", "title": "Hepatic and peritoneal invasion by adult ascarids (Toxocara canis) in a dog.", "content": "Hepatic and peritoneal invasion by adult ascarids (Toxocara canis) in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041525"}
{"pmid": "1041526", "title": "Repair of fractured radius and ulna in a brown bat.", "content": "Repair of fractured radius and ulna in a brown bat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041526"}
{"pmid": "1041527", "title": "Malignant melanoma of the bulbar conjuctiva in a dog.", "content": "Malignant melanoma of the bulbar conjuctiva in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041527"}
{"pmid": "1041528", "title": "Meibomian adenoma in a dog.", "content": "Meibomian adenoma in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041528"}
{"pmid": "1041529", "title": "Equine carpal fractures (a case report).", "content": "Equine carpal fractures (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041529"}
{"pmid": "1041530", "title": "Atrioventricular dissociation with synchronous diaphragmatic flutter in a horse.", "content": "Atrioventricular dissociation with synchronous diaphragmatic flutter in a horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041530"}
{"pmid": "1041531", "title": "Critical and controlled tests of the antiparasitic activity of liquid and paste formulations of trichlorfon in the horse.", "content": "Critical and controlled tests of the antiparasitic activity of liquid and paste formulations of trichlorfon in the horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041531"}
{"pmid": "1041532", "title": "A practical approach to prolapsing the bovine eye for treatment of corneal lesions.", "content": "A practical approach to prolapsing the bovine eye for treatment of corneal lesions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041532"}
{"pmid": "1041533", "title": "Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of enterotoxemia of cattle.", "content": "Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of enterotoxemia of cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041533"}
{"pmid": "1041534", "title": "Ventilation systems for swine housing.", "content": "Ventilation systems for swine housing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041534"}
{"pmid": "1041535", "title": "The power of positive reinforcement.", "content": "The power of positive reinforcement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041535"}
{"pmid": "1041537", "title": "Can family life survive?", "content": "Can family life survive?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041537"}
{"pmid": "1041539", "title": "Family planning democratized.", "content": "Family planning democratized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041539"}
{"pmid": "1041538", "title": "Struggling out of the feminine pluperfect.", "content": "Struggling out of the feminine pluperfect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041538"}
{"pmid": "1041540", "title": "Developing maternity services women will trust.", "content": "Developing maternity services women will trust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041540"}
{"pmid": "1041541", "title": "Birth is a family affair.", "content": "Birth is a family affair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041541"}
{"pmid": "1041542", "title": "A midwife-physician team in private practice.", "content": "A midwife-physician team in private practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041542"}
{"pmid": "1041543", "title": "When a high-risk infant is born.", "content": "When a high-risk infant is born.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041543"}
{"pmid": "1041544", "title": "The nature of well child care.", "content": "The nature of well child care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041544"}
{"pmid": "1041545", "title": "Demystifying adolescent behavior.", "content": "Demystifying adolescent behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041545"}
{"pmid": "1041546", "title": "The adolescent process and the problem of nutrition.", "content": "The adolescent process and the problem of nutrition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041546"}
{"pmid": "1041547", "title": "Prevention and treatment of sports injuries.", "content": "Prevention and treatment of sports injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041547"}
{"pmid": "1041549", "title": "Conscious repatterning of human behavior.", "content": "Conscious repatterning of human behavior.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041549"}
{"pmid": "1041548", "title": "Diabetes in adolescence.", "content": "Diabetes in adolescence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041548"}
{"pmid": "1041550", "title": "The quality of the work environment.", "content": "The quality of the work environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041550"}
{"pmid": "1041551", "title": "Occupational safety and health.", "content": "Occupational safety and health.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041551"}
{"pmid": "1041552", "title": "Mid-life crises.", "content": "Mid-life crises.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041552"}
{"pmid": "1041554", "title": "All American sexual myths.", "content": "All American sexual myths.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041554"}
{"pmid": "1041553", "title": "The case for and against estrogen therapy.", "content": "The case for and against estrogen therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041553"}
{"pmid": "1041556", "title": "Living with chronic respiratory disease.", "content": "Living with chronic respiratory disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041556"}
{"pmid": "1041555", "title": "Making the most of the middle years.", "content": "Making the most of the middle years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041555"}
{"pmid": "1041557", "title": "The potential for suicide.", "content": "The potential for suicide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041557"}
{"pmid": "1041558", "title": "The search for spiritual meaning.", "content": "The search for spiritual meaning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041558"}
{"pmid": "1041559", "title": "Listen to the aged.", "content": "Listen to the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041559"}
{"pmid": "1041560", "title": "There are no routine patients.", "content": "There are no routine patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041560"}
{"pmid": "1041561", "title": "Safe self-medication for elderly outpatients.", "content": "Safe self-medication for elderly outpatients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041561"}
{"pmid": "1041562", "title": "Hospital-based home care.", "content": "Hospital-based home care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041562"}
{"pmid": "1041563", "title": "Nurses and nursing's issues.", "content": "Nurses and nursing's issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041563"}
{"pmid": "1041564", "title": "What business structure is best for you?", "content": "What business structure is best for you?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041564"}
{"pmid": "1041565", "title": "International foundations and the development of higher education in developing countries.", "content": "International foundations and the development of higher education in developing countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041565"}
{"pmid": "1041566", "title": "International foundations and the development of health services in underprivileged areas.", "content": "International foundations and the development of health services in underprivileged areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041566"}
{"pmid": "1041567", "title": "The future of philanthropic foundations. The next twenty-five years.", "content": "The future of philanthropic foundations. The next twenty-five years.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041567"}
{"pmid": "1041568", "title": "The influence of science and technology on medicine: a forecast.", "content": "The influence of science and technology on medicine: a forecast.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041568"}
{"pmid": "1041569", "title": "The future of foundations: the Jeffersonian potential.", "content": "The future of foundations: the Jeffersonian potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041569"}
{"pmid": "1041570", "title": "Symposium on the future of philanthropic foundations. Summing up.", "content": "Symposium on the future of philanthropic foundations. Summing up.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041570"}
{"pmid": "1041571", "title": "Foundation and the State in the Federal Republic of Germany: some comments.", "content": "Foundation and the State in the Federal Republic of Germany: some comments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041571"}
{"pmid": "1041572", "title": "The moral and social responsibilities of the trustees of foundations.", "content": "The moral and social responsibilities of the trustees of foundations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041572"}
{"pmid": "1041573", "title": "The role of the foundation trustee.", "content": "The role of the foundation trustee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041573"}
{"pmid": "1041574", "title": "Independence and experiment: the experience of the Wellcome Trust.", "content": "Independence and experiment: the experience of the Wellcome Trust.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041574"}
{"pmid": "1041575", "title": "The means to the ends of the Rockefeller Foundation.", "content": "The means to the ends of the Rockefeller Foundation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041575"}
{"pmid": "1041576", "title": "On the selection of priorities for an emerging foundation of national scope.", "content": "On the selection of priorities for an emerging foundation of national scope.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041576"}
{"pmid": "1041577", "title": "Didactic vectorcardiography: general concepts.", "content": "Didactic vectorcardiography: general concepts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041577"}
{"pmid": "1041578", "title": "Postcardiotomy psychosis: indications and interventions.", "content": "Postcardiotomy psychosis: indications and interventions. Aberrant psychological behavior has become a frequent occurrence in the intensive care unit (ICU). In specifically considering postcardiotomy psychosis, health professionals puzzle whether the manifestations are motivated by physiological problems imposed by surgical considerations (cardiac status, pump perfusion) and/or by pre- and postoperative psychological factors. Current literature attempts to isolate elements which may predispose patients to develop these aberrant behaviors. This paper attempts to identify important areas and suggest concrete nursing interventions to decrease, delay, and assimilate these behaviors in the cardiotomy patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041578"}
{"pmid": "1041579", "title": "Emotional response and clinical severity as early determinants of six-month mortality after myocardial infarction.", "content": "Emotional response and clinical severity as early determinants of six-month mortality after myocardial infarction. The literature relating psychic factors to pathogenesis, onset, and complication of acute myocardial infarction was selectively reviewed. A study which suggests that psychic factors affect six-month mortality rate after myocardial infarction was described. Specifically, patients showing a trend toward emotional adjustment early in their hospitalization had a far smaller mortality rate than those who did not show early adjustment trends. Severity of the heart attack, measured by the extent of complication, proved also to be predictive of six-month mortality. The findings were discussed with an emphasis on the acute-care staff's potential for changing patient behavior patterns, and hence, improving eventual patient mortality rates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041579"}
{"pmid": "1041591", "title": "Microwave bean roaster.", "content": "Microwave bean roaster.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041591"}
{"pmid": "1041592", "title": "Effect of 2450 MHz microwave radiation on horseradish peroxidase.", "content": "Effect of 2450 MHz microwave radiation on horseradish peroxidase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041592"}
{"pmid": "1041590", "title": "Evaluation of the pathotec Rapid I-D system for identification of Enterobacteriaceae.", "content": "Evaluation of the pathotec Rapid I-D system for identification of Enterobacteriaceae. The PathoTec Rapid I-D System for identifying Enterobacteriaceae was evaluated with 471 cultures. In 4,910 individual test comparisons, 95.5% of the results agreed, with results of only two test strips, those for esculin hydrolysis and urease production, agreeing with conventional tests in less than 94% of the trials. The PathoTec system exhibited 94.3% accuracy in identifying these cultures in a double-blind study with conventional media and procedures as the alternate system. Two newly developed test strips, for 0-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside and ornithine decarboxylase, were found to be highly reliable.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041590"}
{"pmid": "1041593", "title": "Microwave and infra-red effects on heart rate, respiration rate and subcutaneous temperature of the rabbit.", "content": "Microwave and infra-red effects on heart rate, respiration rate and subcutaneous temperature of the rabbit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041593"}
{"pmid": "1041584", "title": "The case for intensive care in hepatic coma.", "content": "The case for intensive care in hepatic coma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041584"}
{"pmid": "1041595", "title": "Dielectric food data for microwave sterilization processing.", "content": "Dielectric food data for microwave sterilization processing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041595"}
{"pmid": "1041580", "title": "Emotional and behavioral reaction to acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Emotional and behavioral reaction to acute myocardial infarction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041580"}
{"pmid": "1041594", "title": "Electromagnetic fields and skin wound repair.", "content": "Electromagnetic fields and skin wound repair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041594"}
{"pmid": "1041596", "title": "The use of microwave heating to control insects in cigarette manufacture.", "content": "The use of microwave heating to control insects in cigarette manufacture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041596"}
{"pmid": "1041586", "title": "Sinus bradycardia leading to atrial escape.", "content": "Sinus bradycardia leading to atrial escape.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041586"}
{"pmid": "1041587", "title": "Home oxygen therapy for the COPD patient.", "content": "Home oxygen therapy for the COPD patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041587"}
{"pmid": "1041597", "title": "Exposure of the Japanese Quail embryo to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation during the second day of development.", "content": "Exposure of the Japanese Quail embryo to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation during the second day of development.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041597"}
{"pmid": "1041585", "title": "Idionodal tachycardia \"unmasked\" by carotid sinus pressure.", "content": "Idionodal tachycardia \"unmasked\" by carotid sinus pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041585"}
{"pmid": "1041583", "title": "Hemorrhagic cardiac tamponade complicating the postmyocardial infarction syndrome in the absence of anticoagulation.", "content": "Hemorrhagic cardiac tamponade complicating the postmyocardial infarction syndrome in the absence of anticoagulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041583"}
{"pmid": "1041581", "title": "Psychosocial influences on heart rhythm in the coronary-care unit.", "content": "Psychosocial influences on heart rhythm in the coronary-care unit. This report is an extension of previous studies which have shown that significant heart rate and rhythm changes can occur in coronary-care patients during a variety of socio-clinical interactions. Results of continuous day-long observations and concurrent monitoring of one such coronary-care patient disclosed that twice as many ectopic beats occurred during routine nursing interactions compared to resting periods, even though such interactions accounted for less than half of the total observation period. These results are similar to previous studies that have shown that the frequency of ectopic beats can be significantly altered in coronary-care patients by such routine interactions as pulse palpation. Combined with other clinical and animal studies, these data suggest that psycho-social interactions can have major effects on cardiac functioning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041581"}
{"pmid": "1041582", "title": "Family conferences as an adjunct to total coronary care.", "content": "Family conferences as an adjunct to total coronary care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041582"}
{"pmid": "1041588", "title": "Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. II. Physiologic bases of paroxysmal bradycardia-dependent A-V block.", "content": "Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. II. Physiologic bases of paroxysmal bradycardia-dependent A-V block. Bradycardia-dependent A-V block during acute cardiac ischemia or injury is best explained by applying knowledge of basic cellular electrophysiology. Spontaneous diastolic depolarization during phase 4, plus a reduction in the magnitude of the transmembrane action potential are the pathophysiologic changes responsible for \"phase-4 block\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041588"}
{"pmid": "1041598", "title": "Sensitivity of fresh isolates of Haemophilus to current antibiotics.", "content": "Sensitivity of fresh isolates of Haemophilus to current antibiotics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041598"}
{"pmid": "1041589", "title": "Letter: Stress on the nurse and therapist in the intensive-care unit and the coronary-care unit.", "content": "Letter: Stress on the nurse and therapist in the intensive-care unit and the coronary-care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041589"}
{"pmid": "1041604", "title": "Editorial: What bugs editors.", "content": "Editorial: What bugs editors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041604"}
{"pmid": "1041603", "title": "Film or television?", "content": "Film or television?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041603"}
{"pmid": "1041605", "title": "The new accountability.", "content": "The new accountability.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041605"}
{"pmid": "1041599", "title": "The community mental health system: is it an improvement over the old system?", "content": "The community mental health system: is it an improvement over the old system?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041599"}
{"pmid": "1041600", "title": "The relationship between psychoanalysis and the community mental health program.", "content": "The relationship between psychoanalysis and the community mental health program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041600"}
{"pmid": "1041606", "title": "Accountability and nursing education.", "content": "Accountability and nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041606"}
{"pmid": "1041608", "title": "Alcoholism in fiction: learning from the literature.", "content": "Alcoholism in fiction: learning from the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041608"}
{"pmid": "1041607", "title": "A nursing school cooperative.", "content": "A nursing school cooperative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041607"}
{"pmid": "1041601", "title": "Socializing hospitalized patients into the psychiatric sick role.", "content": "Socializing hospitalized patients into the psychiatric sick role.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041601"}
{"pmid": "1041602", "title": "Return to society: problematic features of the re-entry process.", "content": "Return to society: problematic features of the re-entry process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041602"}
{"pmid": "1041609", "title": "Evaluation of nursing care in terms of process and outcome: issues in research and quality assurance.", "content": "Evaluation of nursing care in terms of process and outcome: issues in research and quality assurance. Approaches to patient care evaluation (process, outcome, and process-outcome) are placed in perspective and organized into a framework which clarifies the need for working toward the goal of process-outcome evaluation. Some issues of interest to researchers and to quality control programs are discussed, and recommendations are made.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041609"}
{"pmid": "1041610", "title": "Role insufficiency and role supplementation: a conceptual framework.", "content": "Role insufficiency and role supplementation: a conceptual framework. A theoretical basis for the diagnosis of nursing problems, centered on the concepts of role insufficiency and role supplementation, is offered. Role insufficiency is anticipated and experienced by clients during role transitions with developmental, situational, and health-illness implications. The conceptual basis of nursing intervention is role supplementation, and components, strategies, and processes of role supplementation are described. Conditions that predispose clients in the health setting to undergo role transition, conditions under which aspects of role transition may become nursing problems, and the role of the nurse in dealing with clients' role transition problems are described. A predictive and prescriptive paradigm, showing the interaction of construct components, is presented.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041610"}
{"pmid": "1041616", "title": "Extra tactile stimulation of the premature infant.", "content": "Extra tactile stimulation of the premature infant. To ascertain whether touch, in the form of extra tactile stimulation, would result in more rapid physical and social development and a greater degree of social development of the premature infant, 48 minutes of extra tactile stimulation, defines as a gentle, nonrhythmic stroking of the greatest possible area of skin surface of the infant's body by the nurse's hand, was given to eight experimental group premature infants daily for a minimum of two weeks while they were confined to an isolette. Six infants formed a control group. Regain of birth weight was used to assess physical development. Scores on the applicable portions of the Gesell Development Schedule and Bayley Scales of Infant Development and plasma cortisol levels were used to measure rate and degree of social development. Data were analyzed in terms of the total group and for pairs of infants matched for gestational age, birth weight, and Apgar score. No significant difference was found between control and experimental groups in rate of physical development as measured by regain of birth weight. Analysis of the relationship between weight gain and gestational age, sex, and Apgar scores indicated that none was a substantial indicator of the rate at which infants gained weight while in the hospital. There was no significant difference in the degree of social development between experimental and control infants, but, as hypothesized, there was significant difference in rate of social development. Plasma cortisol levels as an indication of the infant's adrenocorticol development as evidenced by his ability to respond to stressful situations, and hence indirectly his social development, revealed no significant difference between the two groups.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041616"}
{"pmid": "1041612", "title": "Factors contributing to child abuse.", "content": "Factors contributing to child abuse. Medical data of 48 children up to six years of age who were hospitalized at a public children's hospital for battering between 1965 and 1973 were compared with a random sample of comparable data of 50 nonbattered children. The average age of the battered children was 15.5 months. No differences were found between abused and nonabused children on study questions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041612"}
{"pmid": "1041614", "title": "Developing a computer program to assist the nursing process: phase I-from systems analysis to an expandable program.", "content": "Developing a computer program to assist the nursing process: phase I-from systems analysis to an expandable program. In a three-stage project, a computer program was devised to assist in the nursing process. As Stage I, a definition of nursing was developed upon which a systems model of the nursing process was constructed. In Stage II, the computer program was written to collect patient data and formulate nursing diagnoses related to functions of the skin, mucous membranes, nails, and hair. The program was designed to serve as a model for the development of a more comprehensive program that would include other functional areas, suggest patient objectives and nurse interventions, and help to evaluate nursing care. In Stage III, initial trials were conducted to obtain feedback from nurses. Nurses found the program took too long but agreed that with modification it could help them give better care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041614"}
{"pmid": "1041625", "title": "Symposium on care of the patient with renal disease. Foreword.", "content": "Symposium on care of the patient with renal disease. Foreword.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041625"}
{"pmid": "1041626", "title": "Symposium on care of the patient with renal disease.", "content": "Symposium on care of the patient with renal disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041626"}
{"pmid": "1041619", "title": "Nursing assessment and care plan statements.", "content": "Nursing assessment and care plan statements. Scope, specificity, and interrelatedness of patient problem and nursing intervention statements on nursing care plans were studied in relation to the introduction into the nursing assessment process of an objective observation checklist and a nursing history form. Ninety nursing care plans from six inpatient units in a Veterans Administration hospital were studied over an 11-month period. Results indicated that significant increases in the numbers of both types of care plan statements occurred only following the introduction of the nursing history, as did the numbers of nursing interventions related to the identified patient problems. The degree of specificity among the problem statements increased, but nursing interventions tended to become less explicit. The scope of focus of both types of statements continued to be primarily physical in orientation. The findings also suggested that, since the care plans reflected less than half the patient problems identified on the nursing histories, care plan studies alone might not be appropriate for evaluating the breadth of nursing care planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041619"}
{"pmid": "1041615", "title": "Editorial: The invisible university.", "content": "Editorial: The invisible university.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041615"}
{"pmid": "1041627", "title": "Nursing care of the patient with acute renal failure.", "content": "Nursing care of the patient with acute renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041627"}
{"pmid": "1041628", "title": "Osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure.", "content": "Osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041628"}
{"pmid": "1041629", "title": "Current trends in diet and drug therapy for the dialysis patient.", "content": "Current trends in diet and drug therapy for the dialysis patient. It is virtually impossible to discuss diet and drug therapy separately in the treatment of the hemodialysis patient. Drugs and dialysis techniques often necessitate changes in dietary care, just as dietary indiscretions call for changes in drug therapy and dialysis. In order to coordinate the various facets when ordering diets, several factors must be considered. The physician plans the drug therapy with input from the dialysis nurses, especially for dialysis effects on salt, water, K+, and protein balance, and the dietitian coordinates the diet with drug and dialysis therapy. It is therefore essential that all personnel must interact as a team if the patient is to receive the maximum benefit of hemodialysis. To maintain this delicate, constantly changing approach, a balance of teamwork is essential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041629"}
{"pmid": "1041611", "title": "The impact of a professional baccalaureate degree program.", "content": "The impact of a professional baccalaureate degree program. Results of a five-year investigation at the University of San Francisco of the impact-as measured by the students' perceptions of their collegiate experience-of an innovative four-year curriculum, leading to a bachelors degree and professional preparation in nursing, are summarized.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041611"}
{"pmid": "1041618", "title": "A hospital stress rating scale.", "content": "A hospital stress rating scale. When 261 medical and surgical patients at a community hospital were asked to rank order 49 events related to the experience of hospitalization from most to least stressful, results indicated the subjects were capable and willing to order the events. Moreover, they showed a high degree of consensus as to how the events should be ordered. The rank order of these events provides a tool that can be used to quantify the measurement of psychosocial stress experienced by hospital patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041618"}
{"pmid": "1041623", "title": "Comparing the body-systems and conceptual approaches to nursing education.", "content": "Comparing the body-systems and conceptual approaches to nursing education. This study compared the teaching effectiveness of two approaches to curriculum organization-the body-systems approach (which organizes the nursing curriculum in terms of the different systems of the body) and the conceptual approach (which organizes the nursing curriculum in terms of overarching principles or concepts). It was hypothesized that the conceptual would be more effective than the body-systems approach to nursing education, as measured by National League for Nursing (NLN) achievement tests and state board examinations for nursing licensure. The study, conducted in a small three-year diploma program in San Francisco, compared the Classes of 1970, 1971, and 1972 (N equals 70), which were taught on a body-systems curriculum, with the Class of 1973 (N equals 26), which was taught on a concept-oriented curriculum. No statistically significant differences were found among graduates of the four classes on the basis of either entering I.Q. scores or high school grade point averages. Statistically significant differences were found, however, on later NLN achievement test and state board examination results. Although the Class of 1973 did not perform as well as the classes of the three preceding years, it was not possible to attribute the performance of the Class of 1973 to changes in curriculum. The results of the study, therefore, did not sustain the hypothesis, but were instead inconclusive.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041623"}
{"pmid": "1041631", "title": "Nursing in a limited care hemodialysis facility.", "content": "Nursing in a limited care hemodialysis facility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041631"}
{"pmid": "1041630", "title": "Large surface area dialysis; innovations and patient management.", "content": "Large surface area dialysis; innovations and patient management. The analysis of the middle molecule theory has provided a means for reduced time and large surface area dialysis. Increasing the time-surface area product for the dialysis patient has provided a challenge for the dialysis staff. Rapid ultrafiltration necessitates careful and constant monitoring of these patients to prevent complications such as hypotension and cramping. The use of multiple dialyzers to accomplish large surface area dialysis also increases the cost. However, reuse has become a practical and safe way of decreasing the cost without jeopardizing the efficacy of dialysis. Developing a dialysis prescription to meet the particular needs of each patient, based on middle molecule clearance and residual renal function, appears to be an important factor in the future of large surface area dialysis and its adequacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041630"}
{"pmid": "1041632", "title": "Symposium on human sexuality. Foreword.", "content": "Symposium on human sexuality. Foreword.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041632"}
{"pmid": "1041621", "title": "Measurement of Nursing Work Load Using Head Nurses' Perceptions.", "content": "Measurement of Nursing Work Load Using Head Nurses' Perceptions. A methodology for measuring and  predicting work load on nursing units utilizes perceptions of head nurses as measured by a specially designed questionnaire. The data were collected in a 300-bed shortterm general hospital over a seven week period. The results indicated that head nurses' perceptions of need on nursing units were predominantly influenced by unit census and available staff on the unit. Other patient load affecting variables, such as patient classification, number of new admissions, or postoperative patients, did not play a major role in shaping head nurses' perceptions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041621"}
{"pmid": "1041613", "title": "Direct tape access as an adjunct to learning.", "content": "Direct tape access as an adjunct to learning. In a study to ascertain effect of direct tape access as an adjunct to learning, junior nursing student in a course in epidemiology were divided into control and experimental groups. The study extended through three quarters--fall, winter, and spring. Experimental students in the winter and spring quarters were given access to 15-minute taped summaries of each week's lecture. When midterm and final examination scores were analyzed according to study group, no statistically significant differences between control group scores and experimental group scores were computed, so that the tapes were found to have no effect on learning; however, student satisfaction with the course showed a significant increase.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041613"}
{"pmid": "1041633", "title": "Symposium on human sexuality.", "content": "Symposium on human sexuality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041633"}
{"pmid": "1041624", "title": "What is the difference between a research grant and a research contract, and how is information obtained on the contract approach?", "content": "What is the difference between a research grant and a research contract, and how is information obtained on the contract approach?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041624"}
{"pmid": "1041622", "title": "Development of a patient-completed admission questionnaire and its comparison with the nursing interview.", "content": "Development of a patient-completed admission questionnaire and its comparison with the nursing interview. To compare the effectiveness of a patient-completed paper-and -pencil questionnaire with the nursing interview in obtaining the admission history, 30 patients newly admitted to a Veterans Administration hospital were asked to complete a questionnaire and were given the routine nursing interview. Data were compared for accuracy and nursing time required. The nurses made significantly more errors of omission in an unstructured interview than the patient made in completing the questionnaire (p greater than .001). The nurse spent an average of 11.5 minutes on her interview while the investigator used an average of 0.9 minute to explain the reason for the questionnaire to the patient and obtain his consent to its completion. Study findings are discussed as a means of providing an accurate, systematic, recorded data base for planning nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041622"}
{"pmid": "1041620", "title": "Effect of simulation gaming on attitudes toward mental illness.", "content": "Effect of simulation gaming on attitudes toward mental illness. Sixty nursing students were administered the Opinions about Mental Illness (OMI) scale. Students whose scores fell above the median on authoritarianism and social restrictiveness were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental subjects' scores on authoritarianism and social restrictiveness decreased significantly (p greater than .001), wheras the control  groups' scores on these two factors remained essentially the same.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041620"}
{"pmid": "1041634", "title": "Sexual health education and counseling.", "content": "Sexual health education and counseling. In the past decade, there has been a concentrated effort to develop much needed advances in human sexuality, but many sexually misinformed or troubled members remain in our society. As more information is disseminated and people become sophisticated, there will be many people requesting help with sexual problems in primary and secondary health settings. Nurses need to equip themselves in this important aspect of health care. First, one's own values, attitudes, and knowledge must be carefully examined. Desensitizing, and incorporatin experiences have been used effectively to help get in touch with feelings and attitudes about the sensitive area of sexuality. Second, the nurse must be aware of the wide range of feeling and attitudes on specific sexual issues that have proved troublesome to our society. Third, the nurse must take advantage of educational opportunities to gain knowledge of psychosexual growth and development during the entire life span. Fourth, if the nurse desires to become involved in sexual conseling further education with concentration on the various innoviative techniques and approaches will be necessary to help clients with specific problems and concerns. Finally, sexual health programs need to be affiliated with a reputable health agency with prefessional supervision. All programs and new approaches must be evaluated to determine their effect on sexual health care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041634"}
{"pmid": "1041617", "title": "Patient attitudes toward nursing interventions.", "content": "Patient attitudes toward nursing interventions. When attitudes toward nursing interventions of 103 psychiatric inpatients studied over a 28-month period, in three different ward phases, were correlated with demographic, psychiatric, and psychologic test variables, attitudes varied premirily and almost exclusively with ward administrative phase. Within the differing ward phases the nursing interventions most valued by patients did not focus directly upon the individual patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041617"}
{"pmid": "1041635", "title": "Human sexual response patterns.", "content": "Human sexual response patterns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041635"}
{"pmid": "1041636", "title": "Myths in human sexuality; a social-psychological perspective.", "content": "Myths in human sexuality; a social-psychological perspective. Human sexuality, as a field of interest as well as a human experience, is inundated with myths, falacies, and dead beliefs. These outdated notions are instrumental in failure to gain an accurate and factual knowledge base about human sexuality, its nature, function, and its regulation. Myths have served to create an aura and mystery around the expression and experience of human sexuality. It is that aura that has contributed to ignorance, abuse, and misunderstanding. It is imperative, therefore, to examine the existence of myths in everyday living and to explore the meaning in our personal lives as well as in our prefessional encounters.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041636"}
{"pmid": "1041637", "title": "Sexual trauma of children and adolescents.", "content": "Sexual trauma of children and adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041637"}
{"pmid": "1041638", "title": "Sexuality in later life.", "content": "Sexuality in later life. Aging produces changes in sexual organs, in the strength of the secual urge, and in physiologic responses and psychologic tensions. While sexual interest ans sexual thought decline, they do not disappear. Availability of partners and retention of youthful attitudes are important elements of sexual interest and activity at older ages. All authorities seem to agree that regularity of sexual activity is the essential factor in maintaining sexual capacity and performances for both males and females. Older persons who are sexually inactive and comfortable with that adjustment should not be made to feel inadequate, but those who are struggling with sexual problems should be helped to overcome them. Nurses should be prepared to take an active role in sexual conseling of the elderly and in agitating for social, political, legal, and attitudinal change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041638"}
{"pmid": "1041640", "title": "Bilateral divergent strabismus in a Holstein calf.", "content": "Bilateral divergent strabismus in a Holstein calf.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041640"}
{"pmid": "1041639", "title": "Temporary sexual dysfunction in reversible health limitations.", "content": "Temporary sexual dysfunction in reversible health limitations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041639"}
{"pmid": "1041641", "title": "Four cases of naturally-occurring canine ehrlichiosis.", "content": "Four cases of naturally-occurring canine ehrlichiosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041641"}
{"pmid": "1041642", "title": "Staphylococcal septicemia in puppies (a case report).", "content": "Staphylococcal septicemia in puppies (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041642"}
{"pmid": "1041643", "title": "Extraskeletal giant cell tumor in a cat.", "content": "Extraskeletal giant cell tumor in a cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041643"}
{"pmid": "1041644", "title": "Bilateral congenital polycystic kidneys with vague symptomatology in a dog (a case report).", "content": "Bilateral congenital polycystic kidneys with vague symptomatology in a dog (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041644"}
{"pmid": "1041645", "title": "Adenocarcinoma of the cecum with plastic impaction in a dog.", "content": "Adenocarcinoma of the cecum with plastic impaction in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041645"}
{"pmid": "1041646", "title": "Surgical treatment of ruptured cranial cruciate ligament in the dog.", "content": "Surgical treatment of ruptured cranial cruciate ligament in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041646"}
{"pmid": "1041647", "title": "Microsporum gypseum infection in a dromedary camel.", "content": "Microsporum gypseum infection in a dromedary camel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041647"}
{"pmid": "1041648", "title": "Fatal hairball in a long-haired hamster.", "content": "Fatal hairball in a long-haired hamster.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041648"}
{"pmid": "1041649", "title": "Experimentally-induced Streptococcus equi infection in horses with resultant guttural pouch empyema.", "content": "Experimentally-induced Streptococcus equi infection in horses with resultant guttural pouch empyema.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041649"}
{"pmid": "1041650", "title": "Corrective hoof trimming for the foundered horse.", "content": "Corrective hoof trimming for the foundered horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041650"}
{"pmid": "1041651", "title": "Sterility denotations and a grading system for bovine reproducton.", "content": "Sterility denotations and a grading system for bovine reproducton.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041651"}
{"pmid": "1041652", "title": "Calcinosis in sheep associated with C-cell adenoma of the thyroid.", "content": "Calcinosis in sheep associated with C-cell adenoma of the thyroid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041652"}
{"pmid": "1041653", "title": "Comparative in vitro activity of gentamicin and other antibiotics against bacteria isolated from clinical samples from dogs, cats, horses and cattle.", "content": "Comparative in vitro activity of gentamicin and other antibiotics against bacteria isolated from clinical samples from dogs, cats, horses and cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041653"}
{"pmid": "1041654", "title": "New nationwide rip-off: limited-edition, commemorative coins and medals.", "content": "New nationwide rip-off: limited-edition, commemorative coins and medals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041654"}
{"pmid": "1041655", "title": "Personal financial planning--1.", "content": "Personal financial planning--1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041655"}
{"pmid": "1041657", "title": "Compulsory continuing education?", "content": "Compulsory continuing education?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041657"}
{"pmid": "1041656", "title": "Talk your clients' language.", "content": "Talk your clients' language.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041656"}
{"pmid": "1041658", "title": "Tetany in cattle.", "content": "Tetany in cattle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041658"}
{"pmid": "1041659", "title": "Use of melengestrol acetate (MGA) for improving reproductive performance of dairy cows.", "content": "Use of melengestrol acetate (MGA) for improving reproductive performance of dairy cows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041659"}
{"pmid": "1041660", "title": "An inexpensive anesthesia reminder.", "content": "An inexpensive anesthesia reminder.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041660"}
{"pmid": "1041661", "title": "Surgical repair of an anterior urethral laceration in a dog.", "content": "Surgical repair of an anterior urethral laceration in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041661"}
{"pmid": "1041662", "title": "A safe method of administering thiacetarsamide sodium for heartworm therapy.", "content": "A safe method of administering thiacetarsamide sodium for heartworm therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041662"}
{"pmid": "1041663", "title": "Prevention and treatment of decubital ulcers in the dog.", "content": "Prevention and treatment of decubital ulcers in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041663"}
{"pmid": "1041664", "title": "A clinical evaluation of xylazine and ketamine HCL for cesarean section in the dog.", "content": "A clinical evaluation of xylazine and ketamine HCL for cesarean section in the dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041664"}
{"pmid": "1041665", "title": "Renal cortical hypoplasia in a Keeshond litter.", "content": "Renal cortical hypoplasia in a Keeshond litter.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041665"}
{"pmid": "1041666", "title": "Ocular allergies in dogs.", "content": "Ocular allergies in dogs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041666"}
{"pmid": "1041667", "title": "Cosmetic removal of a sebaceous adenocarcinoma of the eyelid.", "content": "Cosmetic removal of a sebaceous adenocarcinoma of the eyelid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041667"}
{"pmid": "1041668", "title": "A basal cell epithelioma in an African lion.", "content": "A basal cell epithelioma in an African lion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041668"}
{"pmid": "1041669", "title": "Small colon impaction and rupture into the colic mesentery in a horse (a case history).", "content": "Small colon impaction and rupture into the colic mesentery in a horse (a case history).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041669"}
{"pmid": "1041671", "title": "Tax tips for home owners.", "content": "Tax tips for home owners.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041671"}
{"pmid": "1041670", "title": "Use of a topical enzymatic debriding agent in wounds of the equine leg (a pilot study).", "content": "Use of a topical enzymatic debriding agent in wounds of the equine leg (a pilot study).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041670"}
{"pmid": "1041672", "title": "Is ITA limiting your professional success?", "content": "Is ITA limiting your professional success?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041672"}
{"pmid": "1041673", "title": "Patient assessment: neurological examination. Part 1. Programmed instruction.", "content": "Patient assessment: neurological examination. Part 1. Programmed instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041673"}
{"pmid": "1041674", "title": "The new life center.", "content": "The new life center.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041674"}
{"pmid": "1041675", "title": "Realizing a dream.", "content": "Realizing a dream.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041675"}
{"pmid": "1041676", "title": "Spreading family-centered care.", "content": "Spreading family-centered care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041676"}
{"pmid": "1041677", "title": "Renin and blood pressure.", "content": "Renin and blood pressure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041677"}
{"pmid": "1041678", "title": "Human amniotic membranes for burns.", "content": "Human amniotic membranes for burns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041678"}
{"pmid": "1041680", "title": "Outcome criteria to evaluate postoperative respiratory status.", "content": "Outcome criteria to evaluate postoperative respiratory status.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041680"}
{"pmid": "1041681", "title": "The forgotten grievers.", "content": "The forgotten grievers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041681"}
{"pmid": "1041679", "title": "Antimicrobial drug interactions.", "content": "Antimicrobial drug interactions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041679"}
{"pmid": "1041683", "title": "Anticipating breast surgery.", "content": "Anticipating breast surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041683"}
{"pmid": "1041682", "title": "A center for pediatric cardiovascular patients.", "content": "A center for pediatric cardiovascular patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041682"}
{"pmid": "1041684", "title": "Strep screening to prevent rheumatic fever.", "content": "Strep screening to prevent rheumatic fever.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041684"}
{"pmid": "1041686", "title": "Some thoughts on the psychology of the coronary care unit patient.", "content": "Some thoughts on the psychology of the coronary care unit patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041686"}
{"pmid": "1041685", "title": "Strep screening to prevent rheumatic fever: From project to ongoing program.", "content": "Strep screening to prevent rheumatic fever: From project to ongoing program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041685"}
{"pmid": "1041687", "title": "Reaching out to pregnant adolescents.", "content": "Reaching out to pregnant adolescents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041687"}
{"pmid": "1041688", "title": "Hot-line for teen-age mothers.", "content": "Hot-line for teen-age mothers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041688"}
{"pmid": "1041689", "title": "How do nurses feel when patients suffer?", "content": "How do nurses feel when patients suffer?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041689"}
{"pmid": "1041690", "title": "Watching your finances: what should you know before investing in stocks or bonds?", "content": "Watching your finances: what should you know before investing in stocks or bonds?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041690"}
{"pmid": "1041691", "title": "Pressure volume curves of lamb lungs and the lecithin-sphingomyelin ratios of lung fluid.", "content": "Pressure volume curves of lamb lungs and the lecithin-sphingomyelin ratios of lung fluid. Pressure-volume curves were made of lungs from non-distressed, from asphyxiated and from distressed lambs. The curves of the non-distressed animals differed from the curves of the asphyxiated and of the distressed group. Eleven stability indices were calculated and the summation of these in situ surfactant characteristics was used for individual respiratory distress syndrome diagnosis. Low values (less than 2) of lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratios in lung fluid were found before the 130th day of gestation, but a steep increase of the L/S ratio was present after that period. Postnatal RDS was found in low L/S ratio cases, whereas normal lung stability was noticed in animals with L/S ratios greater than 2. It is concluded that the prenatal L/S ratio in lung fluid of lambs is of predicting value in RDS experiments and fits well with lung stability characteristics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041691"}
{"pmid": "1041692", "title": "Kinetic studies of mold alpha-galactosidase on PNPG hydrolysis.", "content": "Kinetic studies of mold alpha-galactosidase on PNPG hydrolysis. The kinetic properties of alpha-galactosidase of Mortierella vinacea were investigated in detail using PNPG (p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside) as a substrate. Consequently, the enzyme was markedly inhibited not only by the substrate, but also by the galactose hydrolized. The initial rate of reaction at sufficiently high substrate concentrations, however, did not fall to zero and did approach a finite value. Galactose behaved as a mixed inhibitor and was neither totally competitive nor totally noncompetitive. A rate equation was obtained from a generalized equation derived from a kinetic model which took both the inhibitions into consideration. The constants used in the equation were appropriately estimated. The calculated rate agreed fairly well with the observed initial rate. Moreover, the PNPG hydrolysis progressing in a batch system was found to be approximately representable by simple first order kinetics in which the rate constant was dependent on the initial substrate concentration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041692"}
{"pmid": "1041696", "title": "Health and industrial growth. A Ciba Foundation Symposium. Preface.", "content": "Health and industrial growth. A Ciba Foundation Symposium. Preface.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041696"}
{"pmid": "1041697", "title": "The impact of industrial growth on health in South-East Asia.", "content": "The impact of industrial growth on health in South-East Asia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041697"}
{"pmid": "1041700", "title": "Legislative protection of health at work in the UK.", "content": "Legislative protection of health at work in the UK.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041700"}
{"pmid": "1041698", "title": "Health of working populations in industrializing societies.", "content": "Health of working populations in industrializing societies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041698"}
{"pmid": "1041699", "title": "The industrialization of medicine.", "content": "The industrialization of medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041699"}
{"pmid": "1041701", "title": "Health and industrial growth. Socio-environmental consequences of design.", "content": "Health and industrial growth. Socio-environmental consequences of design.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041701"}
{"pmid": "1041702", "title": "Environmental and social problems arising from industrial growth.", "content": "Environmental and social problems arising from industrial growth.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041702"}
{"pmid": "1041704", "title": "A social anthropological approach to health problems in developing countries.", "content": "A social anthropological approach to health problems in developing countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041704"}
{"pmid": "1041703", "title": "Health and industrial growth. Influencing individual and public responses.", "content": "Health and industrial growth. Influencing individual and public responses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041703"}
{"pmid": "1041695", "title": "Thebaine variations between germplasm sources within one collection of Papaver bracteatum Lindl.", "content": "Thebaine variations between germplasm sources within one collection of Papaver bracteatum Lindl. Plants of Papaver bracteatum Lindl. derived from different germplasm sources within one Iranian collection were grown for 18 and 37 weeks in the greenhouse and controlled environment chambers. Gas-chromatographic analyses showed significant differences between thebaine concentrations of root tissue for 18-week-old plants, but not for 37-week-old plants. The two age groups did not differ in thebaine yield per unit of dry weight of root tissue. However, due to more profuse root growth, the total yield of thebaine from roots of the older plants was about four times that of the younger plants. Shoot thebaine concentrations differed significantly for 18- and 37-week-old plants. The over-all mean thebaine concentration for shoots of older plants was nearly twice that of younger plants. The variation in thebaine concentrations in these plants suggested genetic differences between the germplasm sources. Thus, domestication of P. bracteatum will require selection of germplasm from within and between collections, for plants of the greatest economic potential.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041695"}
{"pmid": "1041705", "title": "Health and industrial growth. Conclusions.", "content": "Health and industrial growth. Conclusions.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041705"}
{"pmid": "1041707", "title": "Lessen the industrial growing pains of developing countries by more effective aid.", "content": "Lessen the industrial growing pains of developing countries by more effective aid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041707"}
{"pmid": "1041706", "title": "Legislation outside the factory: The British philosophy of pollution control.", "content": "Legislation outside the factory: The British philosophy of pollution control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041706"}
{"pmid": "1041708", "title": "Industrial growth and nutrition.", "content": "Industrial growth and nutrition.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041708"}
{"pmid": "1041709", "title": "Health and industrial growth: The current Indian scene.", "content": "Health and industrial growth: The current Indian scene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041709"}
{"pmid": "1041694", "title": "A study of kratom eaters in Thailand.", "content": "A study of kratom eaters in Thailand.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041694"}
{"pmid": "1041712", "title": "The construction of an objective test to measure patient satisfaction.", "content": "The construction of an objective test to measure patient satisfaction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041712"}
{"pmid": "1041693", "title": "American law and the species problem in Cannabis: science and semantics.", "content": "American law and the species problem in Cannabis: science and semantics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041693"}
{"pmid": "1041713", "title": "Work-life of the Israeli registered nurse.", "content": "Work-life of the Israeli registered nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041713"}
{"pmid": "1041714", "title": "A study of nursing student values.", "content": "A study of nursing student values.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041714"}
{"pmid": "1041717", "title": "Antibacterial activity of combinations of cefazolin and semisynthetic penicillins.", "content": "Antibacterial activity of combinations of cefazolin and semisynthetic penicillins. The antibacterial activity of cephalosporin (CS) and semisynthetic penicillins was studied using CS-resistant strains of Escherichia freundii and Proteus morganii. A synergistic growth inhibitory action toward these microorganisms was demonstrated by a qualitative method and confirmed by a quantitative determination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041717"}
{"pmid": "1041719", "title": "The myths in the medical malpractice mess.", "content": "The myths in the medical malpractice mess.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041719"}
{"pmid": "1041718", "title": "Profits and perils of land investments.", "content": "Profits and perils of land investments.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041718"}
{"pmid": "1041715", "title": "Report of the ICN President, 1973-1975.", "content": "Report of the ICN President, 1973-1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041715"}
{"pmid": "1041720", "title": "Editorial: The changing face of diabetes.", "content": "Editorial: The changing face of diabetes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041720"}
{"pmid": "1041721", "title": "Editorial: Medical writing.", "content": "Editorial: Medical writing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041721"}
{"pmid": "1041722", "title": "Presidential acceptance address.", "content": "Presidential acceptance address.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041722"}
{"pmid": "1041723", "title": "X-ray study of the appendix after oral administration of barium.", "content": "X-ray study of the appendix after oral administration of barium.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041723"}
{"pmid": "1041724", "title": "Neurologic implications of ocular symptoms and signs.", "content": "Neurologic implications of ocular symptoms and signs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041724"}
{"pmid": "1041716", "title": "Nursing's contribution to social psychiatry: a holistic approach to personhood.", "content": "Nursing's contribution to social psychiatry: a holistic approach to personhood. The expanded role of the nurse in social psychiatry involves building upon the conventional role of the nurse to include a focus on health promotion and prevention as well as on the detection and treatment of illness. Nursing is strategically located and uniquely prepared to take on such a challenge. Nursing has long recognized the holistic nature of families and communities. Nursing assumes that families have rights and responsibilities which include participation in the solution to problems which they helped to create. Nursing has been sensitive to the interrelationship between social expectation and dysfunctional behaviour. In the expanded role, nurses have accepted the mandate to transform society, to act as social change agents, as family advocates, as champions of minorities and as facilitators of mental health, i.e., the promotion and maintenance of mental health as well as disease detection and restoration of health. With a focus on mental health teaching, mental health promotion and prevention, nursing has the potential for providing an essential, holistic, now missing, link in the delivery of mental health services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041716"}
{"pmid": "1041725", "title": "Tranverse abdominal incisions in gynecologic surgery.", "content": "Tranverse abdominal incisions in gynecologic surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041725"}
{"pmid": "1041726", "title": "The orthomolecular approach to schizophrenia.", "content": "The orthomolecular approach to schizophrenia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041726"}
{"pmid": "1041727", "title": "The reversal by taurine of ouabain-induced arrhythmias and hypoglycemia.", "content": "The reversal by taurine of ouabain-induced arrhythmias and hypoglycemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041727"}
{"pmid": "1041728", "title": "Propranolol hydrochloride: uses in present-day therapy.", "content": "Propranolol hydrochloride: uses in present-day therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041728"}
{"pmid": "1041730", "title": "The self-study process.", "content": "The self-study process.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041730"}
{"pmid": "1041729", "title": "The accreditation process for colleges of osteopathic medicine.", "content": "The accreditation process for colleges of osteopathic medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041729"}
{"pmid": "1041731", "title": "Educational standards for colleges of osteopathic medicine.", "content": "Educational standards for colleges of osteopathic medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041731"}
{"pmid": "1041732", "title": "Summary of grants and loans available to osteopathic medical students.", "content": "Summary of grants and loans available to osteopathic medical students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041732"}
{"pmid": "1041733", "title": "The student loan funds.", "content": "The student loan funds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041733"}
{"pmid": "1041734", "title": "Continuing medical education. Committee on continuing medical education.", "content": "Continuing medical education. Committee on continuing medical education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041734"}
{"pmid": "1041735", "title": "The new basic medical writing: introduction.", "content": "The new basic medical writing: introduction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041735"}
{"pmid": "1041736", "title": "Unilateral axillary Hodgkin's disease: an indication for staging laparotomy?", "content": "Unilateral axillary Hodgkin's disease: an indication for staging laparotomy?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041736"}
{"pmid": "1041737", "title": "Crisis intervention in a disaster area: the Pennsylvania flood in Wilkes-Barre.", "content": "Crisis intervention in a disaster area: the Pennsylvania flood in Wilkes-Barre.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041737"}
{"pmid": "1041738", "title": "Pneumatosis intestinales: a review of the literature and report of an unusual case.", "content": "Pneumatosis intestinales: a review of the literature and report of an unusual case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041738"}
{"pmid": "1041739", "title": "Emphysematous cholecystitis.", "content": "Emphysematous cholecystitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041739"}
{"pmid": "1041740", "title": "Hemolytic disease of the newborn infant due to anti-k (Cellano) antibody: report of a case and review of the literature.", "content": "Hemolytic disease of the newborn infant due to anti-k (Cellano) antibody: report of a case and review of the literature.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041740"}
{"pmid": "1041741", "title": "Asymptomatic popliteal cysts.", "content": "Asymptomatic popliteal cysts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041741"}
{"pmid": "1041743", "title": "Galactorrhea: past and present concepts.", "content": "Galactorrhea: past and present concepts.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041743"}
{"pmid": "1041742", "title": "Hepatic calcification secondary to misplaced umbilical venous catheter: report of a case.", "content": "Hepatic calcification secondary to misplaced umbilical venous catheter: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041742"}
{"pmid": "1041744", "title": "Betamethasone dipropionate: a new topical agent for the treatment of psoriasis.", "content": "Betamethasone dipropionate: a new topical agent for the treatment of psoriasis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041744"}
{"pmid": "1041745", "title": "Cryosurgical hemorrhoidectomy: pros and cons.", "content": "Cryosurgical hemorrhoidectomy: pros and cons.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041745"}
{"pmid": "1041747", "title": "Proceedings: Observations on the effects of nerve ischemia on nerve fibers and muscle.", "content": "Proceedings: Observations on the effects of nerve ischemia on nerve fibers and muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041747"}
{"pmid": "1041746", "title": "Proceedings: Histochemistry of rat muscle.", "content": "Proceedings: Histochemistry of rat muscle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041746"}
{"pmid": "1041748", "title": "Update on ampicillin-resistant hemophilus influenzae.", "content": "Update on ampicillin-resistant hemophilus influenzae.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041748"}
{"pmid": "1041749", "title": "Pneumothorax as a function of gestational age: Clinical and experimental studies.", "content": "Pneumothorax as a function of gestational age: Clinical and experimental studies. Infants with respiratory distress syndrome are especially prone to pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum as a complication of their disease. In a retrospective clinical analysis of a consecutively delivered population of infants with RDS the data suggested that the less premature infant with RDS was apparently more at risk to develop pulmonary rupture. This clinical observation was confirmed in postmortem studies in premature rabbits. The most immature group of lungs were relatively resistant to pulmonary rupture, owing to high surface forces. Toward term, surface forces were decreased as were lung tissue elastic forces, which predisposed to rupture at lower pressures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041749"}
{"pmid": "1041752", "title": "A new school health services field experience program for student nurse-teachers.", "content": "A new school health services field experience program for student nurse-teachers.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041752"}
{"pmid": "1041750", "title": "Treatment of aspiration pneumonia and primary lung abscess. Penicillin G vs clindamycin.", "content": "Treatment of aspiration pneumonia and primary lung abscess. Penicillin G vs clindamycin. Aspiration pneumonitis and lung abscess generally involve anaerobic bacteria, which normally colonize the upper respiratory passages. The therapeutic response of these infections to parenteral penicillin G (49 patients) and parenteral clindamycin (35 patients) was compared to determine relative efficacy. No difference was discerned between these two agents in terms of time required for defervescence, roentgenographic clearing, and ultimate outcome. Seven patients with infections including Bacteroides fragilis were treated with penicillin G, and all responded well. These data indicate that penicillin G is the preferred agent for pulmonary infections involving anaerobic bacteria. Clindamycin is a suitable alternative for patients in whom penicillin G is contraindicated.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041750"}
{"pmid": "1041751", "title": "The influence of pornography and violence on attitudes and guilt.", "content": "The influence of pornography and violence on attitudes and guilt.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041751"}
{"pmid": "1041753", "title": "The effect of the teachers smoking behavior on their involvement in smoking education in the schools.", "content": "The effect of the teachers smoking behavior on their involvement in smoking education in the schools. The smoking behavior and attitudes of public school teachers were studied to determine if the teachers' smoking behavior is related to their attitudes and behavior regarding students' smoking practice and smoking education in schools. The Northampton, Massachusetts, School System was studied, where 162 of the 194 teachers randomly selected from various schools in the district completed the close-ended questionnaires administered and collected by the researcher. The study yielded a return rate of 83 percent. The results of the study showed that the general climate in school is one conducive to the establishment of a comprehensive smoking education program. It also indicates that the teachers' attitudes and behavior towards smoking education were closely related to their smoking  behavior. The ex-smokers were the most active group in attempting to initiate student smoking behavior change, while the smoking teachers were  the least active in this respect. Furthermore, pre-service and in-service teacher training programs in relation to smoking education were shown to be extremely sparse and ineffective in the past. This study suggests the need to strengthen pre-service and in-service teacher training programs in smoking education and to make smoking cessation programs available to those teacher who want to stop smoking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041753"}
{"pmid": "1041754", "title": "Drug and alcohol abuse education: opinions of school principals.", "content": "Drug and alcohol abuse education: opinions of school principals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041754"}
{"pmid": "1041755", "title": "The Louisiana strategy--an interdisciplinary approach to the programs of adolescent parenthood.", "content": "The Louisiana strategy--an interdisciplinary approach to the programs of adolescent parenthood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041755"}
{"pmid": "1041756", "title": "Sex education background of selected students in Lousiana.", "content": "Sex education background of selected students in Lousiana.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041756"}
{"pmid": "1041757", "title": "Proceedings: Effect of streptolydigin on chromosome complements of human cells cultured in vitro.", "content": "Proceedings: Effect of streptolydigin on chromosome complements of human cells cultured in vitro.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041757"}
{"pmid": "1041759", "title": "The media center: Autotutorial instruction.", "content": "The media center: Autotutorial instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041759"}
{"pmid": "1041760", "title": "Are problems in graduate nursing education unique?.", "content": "Are problems in graduate nursing education unique?.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041760"}
{"pmid": "1041761", "title": "Fitting the graduate program to the student.", "content": "Fitting the graduate program to the student.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041761"}
{"pmid": "1041762", "title": "COGEN: Cooperative Graduate Education in Nursing.", "content": "COGEN: Cooperative Graduate Education in Nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041762"}
{"pmid": "1041763", "title": "Who shall be admitted to graduate study?.", "content": "Who shall be admitted to graduate study?.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041763"}
{"pmid": "1041764", "title": "Graduate education, as one dean sees it.", "content": "Graduate education, as one dean sees it.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041764"}
{"pmid": "1041765", "title": "Nursing research and graduate education.", "content": "Nursing research and graduate education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041765"}
{"pmid": "1041766", "title": "An extended master's degree program.", "content": "An extended master's degree program.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041766"}
{"pmid": "1041767", "title": "Modules in child nursing instruction.", "content": "Modules in child nursing instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041767"}
{"pmid": "1041768", "title": "An experience in participant observation.", "content": "An experience in participant observation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041768"}
{"pmid": "1041769", "title": "Editorial: Everybody's patient is nobody's patient.", "content": "Editorial: Everybody's patient is nobody's patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041769"}
{"pmid": "1041770", "title": "Social forces, feminism, and breastfeeding.", "content": "Social forces, feminism, and breastfeeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041770"}
{"pmid": "1041771", "title": "Vietnamese evacuee camp: a learning environment.", "content": "Vietnamese evacuee camp: a learning environment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041771"}
{"pmid": "1041772", "title": "Why a conceptual framework?", "content": "Why a conceptual framework?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041772"}
{"pmid": "1041773", "title": "Triage: coordinated home care for the elderly.", "content": "Triage: coordinated home care for the elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041773"}
{"pmid": "1041774", "title": "Educational preparation for nursing--1974.", "content": "Educational preparation for nursing--1974. Each year a report of some of the most recent statistics on nursing education appears in the September issue of Nursing Outlook. The data presented are derived from The National League for Nursing's annual survey of state-approved schools of nursing in the 56 jurisdictions of the United States. The programs surveyed include those which prepare for beginning practice in nursing (baccalaureate, associate degrees, diploma, and practical nursing); those graduate programs that lead to masters and doctoral degrees in nursing; and those baccalaureate programs that conduct nursing programs for registered nurses only. Data on the status of state-approved basic schools (new schools, closed schools, and changes in existing schools) are obtained in September of each year from the state boards of nursing. In October, questionnaires are mailed to each school of nursing, as well as to those nursing programs that do not require state board approval (masters and doctoral programs, and baccalaureate programs for registered nurses). Information is also obtained from irregularly conducted surveys of all four-year colleges and universities in the United States that do not have state-approved basic nursing baccalaureate programs. The data obtained include admissions and graduations for the preceeding academic year, admissions for the current fall term, and enrollments as of October 15. Other information, such as data on men and minority students, is collected every three years. In recent years, enrollment figures for students who were admitted with advanced placement status have also been collected. With few exceptions, the schools have been most cooperative in providing the data, making it possible for us to obtain a 100 percent response rate for both registered nurse and practical nurse programs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041774"}
{"pmid": "1041775", "title": "Sex education for the young.", "content": "Sex education for the young.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041775"}
{"pmid": "1041776", "title": "Symposium on perspectives in operating room nursing.", "content": "Symposium on perspectives in operating room nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041776"}
{"pmid": "1041777", "title": "Applying the nursing process to patient care in the operating room.", "content": "Applying the nursing process to patient care in the operating room. Using the nursing process in operating room nursing helps to assure personalized, continuous, and integrated care for the surgical patient. The steps in the nursing process clearly demonstrate the role and functions of the O.R. nurse as a professional member of the surgical team and as a component of the health care system. By this means the patient is assured of protection and quality care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041777"}
{"pmid": "1041778", "title": "Assessment and communication for continuity of care for the surgical patient.", "content": "Assessment and communication for continuity of care for the surgical patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041778"}
{"pmid": "1041779", "title": "A master nurse clinician for intraoperative care.", "content": "A master nurse clinician for intraoperative care. The intraoperative period has long been the missing link in the chain of continuity of care for the surgical patient. An intraoperative clinical nurse specialist who is able to work with patients, families, and health care team members preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively can effectively bridge the gap in care. Nursing care given to patients in the O.R. should be no different qualitatively from nursing care given sedated and/or unconscious patients in other nursing units. The C.N.S. in the O.R. can help make such care a reality through giving care to patients and families as a role model, directing care as an expert through written care plans or physical presence, doing formal and informal teaching of patients, families, and staff, and through research. Operationalizing the role of the C.N.S. for surgical patients during the intraoperative period requires the specialist to move out of the O.R. to assess patients and families preoperatively and to evaluate the postoperative results of care. Implementation of the specialist role in the O.R. clinical nursing setting is accompanied by the same frustrations and problems met by master clinicians in other nursing specialty areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041779"}
{"pmid": "1041780", "title": "The new graduate in the operating room.", "content": "The new graduate in the operating room. New graduate nurses today come to their first positions in nursing with varying knowledge bases and minimal clinical nursing skills. Gone are the days when new graduates begin functioning fully in a budgeted position on day one of employment. Mastery of psychomotor, cognitive, and affective skills necessary for nursing practice must be acquired through experience in the work situation. The more complex the clinical setting, the more stressful is the period of learning. The O.R. can be a highly stressful place. The need for anticipation, planning and organization to provide efficient care with meticulous attention to detail is coupled with the need to perform smoothly numerous technical skills. Safe, humanistic care cannot be implemented unless the nurse is also able to assess each patient's individual biopsychosocial status, and identify his unique nursing care needs. In order to learn to cope with this level of complexity, the neophyte nurse must be provided with a planned, supportive experiential learning situation that also provides the time necessary to achieve a beginning level of mastery. The program in Basic O.R. Nursing described here was one attempt to provide such an experience for new graduates.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041780"}
{"pmid": "1041781", "title": "Controlling operating room-related infection in cancer patients.", "content": "Controlling operating room-related infection in cancer patients. This paper outlines the program for controlling surgical infections in one cancer research hospital dealing with a unique group of patients. Control must -begin before the patient comes to the surgical suite and must continue when the patient returns to the nursing unit. These patients are often elderly, debilitated, and receiving anti-cancer chemotherapy, and they undergo lengthy massive resections often requiring several procedures. Some of the guidelines that we have evolved over a long period may be helpful in stimulating others to establish, implement, or improve similar programs in their own units. It is obvious that any such programs will have to be tailored to meet the demands and personnel of each institution. The important thing is that each surgical department must work toward the goal of keeping postoperative mosocomial infection at the lowest possible rate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041781"}
{"pmid": "1041782", "title": "Play therapy: preparing the young child for surgery.", "content": "Play therapy: preparing the young child for surgery. A child is not a miniature adult. His thought processes are pre-conceptual, pre-logical, and characterized by many fantasies. The child needs concrete information about his impending surgery: (1) what will happen; (2) what is expected of him; (3) that he is not to blame for his illness or injury, and (4) where the organ to be removed or repaired is located and that no other body parts will be harmed. Play therapy is an effective method for providing tangible information about the surgical experience and simultaneously decreasing the child's fantasies and fears about the surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041782"}
{"pmid": "1041783", "title": "Symposium on community nursing in Canada.", "content": "Symposium on community nursing in Canada.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041783"}
{"pmid": "1041784", "title": "A program in continuing education for primary health care.", "content": "A program in continuing education for primary health care. Influential recommendations have been made that preparation for expanded roles in primary health care be part of basic nursing education. Much of the learning required for the roles is already included in many, if not all, baccalaureate programs. Implementation of these recommendations implies that short \"add-on\" courses such as the one described here should be considered interim measures to upgrade skills and knowledge of present graduate nurses, both diploma and baccalaureate. For such measures, continuing education should be available in a variety of courses which could meet in a flexible manner the varying needs and objectives of diverse service settings. As the expectations of consumers and service settings change, and as roles and functions evolve, variations and modifications in course offerings can then continue. It would be expected that, with clearer perception of the role to be ascribed to nursing in primary health care, such course offerings could be based soundly on data derived from systematic study of the effect of nursing. It is anticipated that the experience and findings of this project may have a contribution to make to the development of future courses. The project showed encouraging results from a working collaboration of a variety of health care personnel in both instruction and evaluation, and demonstrated that such courses can involve a variety of students from a variety of relevant practice settings. It is also felt that the evaluation approaches and tools evolved hold promise, with further refinement, of contributing to the development of evaluative procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041784"}
{"pmid": "1041785", "title": "Task analysis of the clinically trained nurse (C.T.N.)", "content": "Task analysis of the clinically trained nurse (C.T.N.)", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041785"}
{"pmid": "1041786", "title": "The independent nurse practitioner. Alive and well and living in rural Saskatchewan.", "content": "The independent nurse practitioner. Alive and well and living in rural Saskatchewan. At this point, it is impossible to express analysis of the data collected in concrete terms as the project will not be finalized until October, 1976. It is possible, however, to make some personal observations. Each nurse practitioner has been truly independent in carrying out her role in the community, influenced to a degree by the communities' felt need and the attitudes of other health professionals. All began practice with a heavy emphasis on diagnosis and cure rather than comprehensive care. As time evolves and the nurses feel more confident in their new role, some are continuing a cure orientation, and others are beinning to find that they have a unique dimension to add to health care services. Those who were professional \"nurses\" in the true sense of the word before the project began have not stopped being nurses, but have only become more competent professionals by recognizing and responding to the health needs of today.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041786"}
{"pmid": "1041787", "title": "Community health nursing in Quebec.", "content": "Community health nursing in Quebec.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041787"}
{"pmid": "1041788", "title": "Community nursing in a Northern setting. A challenge.", "content": "Community nursing in a Northern setting. A challenge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041788"}
{"pmid": "1041789", "title": "Rebel with a cause.", "content": "Rebel with a cause.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041789"}
{"pmid": "1041790", "title": "The community clinical nurse specialist. A two-year perspective.", "content": "The community clinical nurse specialist. A two-year perspective. I have described my role as a clinical nurse specialist in an official agency over the past two years. The circumstances of my setting and position, my personal feelings of commitment and accountability, have all influenced the direction of my position. In relation to my nursing practice, I have concentrated on areas that have appeared to me as high-risk. I believe that there is a very definite role in the community for nurses who have the expertise to deliver health care of a high quality with more independence than usually exists in a nursing role. Before a clinical nurse specialist can function in an official agency, however, there are limitations that must be resolved.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041790"}
{"pmid": "1041791", "title": "The role of the nurse working with employment upgrading programs.", "content": "The role of the nurse working with employment upgrading programs. Working in a project where there are general objectives but no fixed program to reach them can be both a challenge and a frustration. But this work is never dull. The key points in the success of such a program are defined behavioral objectives for each student, an imaginative, flexible, and versatile nurse, and an administrative structure which is prepared to be flexible enough to say, \"Do our thing your way.\"", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041791"}
{"pmid": "1041792", "title": "A survey of the \"care-cure\" attitudes of physicians, nurses and their students.", "content": "A survey of the \"care-cure\" attitudes of physicians, nurses and their students.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041792"}
{"pmid": "1041793", "title": "Sensitivity training: a step toward involvement with patients.", "content": "Sensitivity training: a step toward involvement with patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041793"}
{"pmid": "1041794", "title": "A creative approach to individualized nursing care.", "content": "A creative approach to individualized nursing care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041794"}
{"pmid": "1041795", "title": "The alcoholic: an unperson?", "content": "The alcoholic: an unperson?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041795"}
{"pmid": "1041796", "title": "The child's developing concept of death: implications for nursing care of the terminally ill child.", "content": "The child's developing concept of death: implications for nursing care of the terminally ill child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041796"}
{"pmid": "1041797", "title": "The terminal hepatic microcirculation in the rat.", "content": "The terminal hepatic microcirculation in the rat. The hepatic microcirculation was observed microscopically in the transilluminated liver of the rat. The portal and hepatic venous microvessels were classified into four orders according to their branching hierarchy, and the hepatic sinusoids into branching, direct and interconnecting types according to their topographic arrangements. The diameters of the various orders of microvessels and types of sinusoids were measured by serial photomicrography, and the velocity of the erythrocytes in these various microvessels and sinusoids by the dual-slit photometric technique. The microvascular volume flows were calculated from these data. In both portal and hepatic venous systems, the erythrocyte velocity and the volume flow significantly decreased in successive orders of the microvessels in apparent relation to the cross-sectional areas. The diameters of the three types of sinusoids did not significantly differ, but the velocity of the erythrocytes in the direct sinusoid was significantly faster than that in the branching sinusoid while that in the inter-connecting sinusoid fluctuated widely.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041797"}
{"pmid": "1041798", "title": "Changes in the metabolism of the shivering hind leg of the young ox during several days of continuous cold exposure.", "content": "Changes in the metabolism of the shivering hind leg of the young ox during several days of continuous cold exposure. The effect of 4 days of continuous exposure to a cold environment on blood flow in, and oxygen and energy substrate uptake by the shivering hind leg has been studied in young steers. The animals shivered throughout the period of cold exposure and total oxygen consumption (total VO2) remained 40-50% greater than VO2 during thermoneutrality. Leg blood flow (leg Q) and oxygen uptake (leg VO2) increased two- and four-fold respectively on the first day of cold. Both had declined significantly by the final day, leg Q to a level 37% greater than, and leg VO2 to about double, pre-cold levels. The change in the relationships of leg Q and leg VO2 to total VO2 was examined by linear regression analysis, which suggested that the changing contribution of leg VO2 to total VO2 was entirely due to changes in leg Q, rather than in the arteriovenous difference in blood oxyhaemoglobin saturation across the leg. The net uptakes by the leg of free fatty acids (FFA), acetate, glucose and lactate all increased on the first day of cold. Both glucose and acetate uptakes were greater on day 4 than on day 1 in the cold, in spite of the lower leg VO2, but net uptakes of FFA and lactate were considerably lower. The decrease in net uptake of FFA is attributed mainly to an increase in the rate of lipolysis and release of FFA from fat depots in the leg, because of the associated progressive increase in the release of glycerol and oleic acid from the leg. The molar ratios of net carbohydrate substrate, acetate and FFA uptakes to leg VO2 are compared. The results suggest that tissues other than the leg muscles become increasingly important as sites of heat production, and that there are changes in the utilization of glucose, acetate and FFA by shivering muscle, during prolonged cold exposure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041798"}
{"pmid": "1041799", "title": "The effects of vagotomy on ventilation and blood gas composition in dog, sheep and rabbit.", "content": "The effects of vagotomy on ventilation and blood gas composition in dog, sheep and rabbit. The influence of vagotomy on resting arterial blood gases (PaCO2 and PaO2) and on the ventilatory responses to hypercapnia and hypoxia was studied in three different species of anaesthetized animals. After bilateral cervical vagotomy resting PaCO2 generally declined. In the dog, where this was studied more fully, resting PaCO2 declined significantly (8-13 +/- 0-67 mm Hg) over several hours, but PaO2 changes were not significant. After vagotomy tidal volume (VT), but not frequency (f), increased with increasing chemical drive. It is concluded that the increase in frequency in response to increased CO2 or decreased O2 is dependent on the vagal mechanisms. Minute volume, fractional inspiratory CO2 (VE, FICO2) and minute volume, fractional inspiratory O2 (VE, FIO2) relationships have been determined. Although vagotomy may not decrease the response of minute volume of ventilation in the lower part of VE, FICO2 curves (mild hypercapnia), it flattened the upper parts of the curves in sheep and rabbits, and to a lesser extent in dogs; it seemed that there was little species difference in this respect. Ventilatory responses to graded hypoxia were close to or slightly higher than pre-vagotomy values throughout the VE, FIO2 curves in all animals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041799"}
{"pmid": "1041800", "title": "Renal regulation of phosphate excretion in the pig.", "content": "Renal regulation of phosphate excretion in the pig. Young pigs of about 25 kg in weight were given supplements of Na2HPO4 either in their food or by intravenous infusion and the effects on urinary phosphate excretion were studied. The results obtained showed that the amount of inorganic phosphate excreted in the urine increased with increase in the amount of phosphate filtered at the glomerulus. A threshold value for phosphate excretion in these pigs occurred at a plasma concentration of 2-03 mmol/l. while over a wide range of filtered phosphate load (0-21-1-14 mmol/min) phosphate was reabsorbed at a mean maximum rate of 0-19 mmol/min. Parathyroidectomy did not alter the relationship between phosphate excretion and filtered phosphate load which suggests that in the pig adjustment of renal phosphate excretion in relation to filtered load is not dependent upon parathormone.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041800"}
{"pmid": "1041801", "title": "Mast cells and gastric secretion in the rat.", "content": "Mast cells and gastric secretion in the rat. Gastric secretion of acid was measured in adult rats deprived of solid food for 48 hr. In control animals, values were obtained for the residual content of acid in the stomach, indicative of the rate of basal secretion, and for the quantities of acid secreted in 30 min following injections of histamine, pentagastrin, insulin and compound 48/80. The same measurements were made in groups of rats treated for 5 days with compound 48/80 (a regime which depleted the whole body of mast cells) and for 3 days with dexamethasone (which selectively depleted the gastric mucosa of mast cells). The content of residual acid was depressed to one third of the control value in the 48/80-treated rats, but the additional secretion due to histamine, pentagastrin or insulin was unaffected. A secretory response to a single injection of compound 48/80 could not be obtained in rats depleted of mast cells. In the dexamethasone-treated rats, the residual level of acid was increased to 1-5 times the control value, but the magnitudes of the responses to secretogogues were unchanged. It is concluded that basal secretion of acid into the stomach of the rat is stimulated by histamine derived from mast cells throughout the body, those of the gastric mucosa having no special significance in this respect. Mast cells are not involved in the mediation of the secretagogue actions of exogenous histamine, pentagastrin and insulin, but the present results do not preclude the participation of histamine from sources other than mast cells in the process of gastric secretion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041801"}
{"pmid": "1041803", "title": "Aortic-iliac-femoral thrombosis in a horse.", "content": "Aortic-iliac-femoral thrombosis in a horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041803"}
{"pmid": "1041802", "title": "Secretory responses to sympathetic stimulation of the cat's salivary glands in a state of resting secretion.", "content": "Secretory responses to sympathetic stimulation of the cat's salivary glands in a state of resting secretion. The secretory effect of sympathetic stimulation on the cat's submaxillary gland was augmented greatly when studied against a background of slow secretion evoked by parasympathetic stimulation at a low frequency and imitating the slow resting secretion normally present in the waking state. The sympathetic secretory threshold was markedly lowered, and even at low frequencies sympathetic stimulation caused a large, well-maintained response. After an alpha-adrenoceptor blocking drug sympathetic stimulation alone lost its secretory effect, but during resting secretion part of the accelerating effect was found to remain; this effect was elicited via beta-adrenoceptors. A marked secretory effect of sympathetic stimulation was also obtained during resting secretion in the parotid gland, where the sympathetic secretory effect is normally very small.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041802"}
{"pmid": "1041804", "title": "Ethmoidal hematoma in the horse.", "content": "Ethmoidal hematoma in the horse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041804"}
{"pmid": "1041805", "title": "Equine joint surgery in the standing position.", "content": "Equine joint surgery in the standing position.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041805"}
{"pmid": "1041806", "title": "Evaluation of ComBotTM (Trichlorfon) when combined with phenothiazine, mebendazole or thiabendazole for use as a broad-spectrum anthelmintic in horses.", "content": "Evaluation of ComBotTM (Trichlorfon) when combined with phenothiazine, mebendazole or thiabendazole for use as a broad-spectrum anthelmintic in horses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041806"}
{"pmid": "1041807", "title": "Successful acupuncture treatment of a cervical disc syndrome in a dog.", "content": "Successful acupuncture treatment of a cervical disc syndrome in a dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041807"}
{"pmid": "1041808", "title": "Aortic homograft for repair of septal defect in the heart.", "content": "Aortic homograft for repair of septal defect in the heart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041808"}
{"pmid": "1041809", "title": "Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy secondary to neurofibrosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a Cocker Spaniel.", "content": "Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy secondary to neurofibrosarcoma of the urinary bladder in a Cocker Spaniel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041809"}
{"pmid": "1041811", "title": "A screening test for canine atopic dermatitis.", "content": "A screening test for canine atopic dermatitis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041811"}
{"pmid": "1041810", "title": "Responses of cats to ketamine-antibiotic combinations.", "content": "Responses of cats to ketamine-antibiotic combinations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041810"}
{"pmid": "1041812", "title": "Unusual case of heartworm disease in a cat.", "content": "Unusual case of heartworm disease in a cat.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041812"}
{"pmid": "1041813", "title": "Tension-band wiring of a fractured patella (a photographic essay).", "content": "Tension-band wiring of a fractured patella (a photographic essay).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041813"}
{"pmid": "1041814", "title": "Patent ductus arteriosus in three Great Dane puppies (a photographic essay).", "content": "Patent ductus arteriosus in three Great Dane puppies (a photographic essay).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041814"}
{"pmid": "1041815", "title": "Intrascrotal testicular torsion in a sexually agressive dog.", "content": "Intrascrotal testicular torsion in a sexually agressive dog.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041815"}
{"pmid": "1041816", "title": "Congenital cataracts in a Persian kitten (a case report).", "content": "Congenital cataracts in a Persian kitten (a case report).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041816"}
{"pmid": "1041817", "title": "Palpation of the genital tract for prediction of estrus in the cow.", "content": "Palpation of the genital tract for prediction of estrus in the cow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041817"}
{"pmid": "1041818", "title": "Biotin in the nutrition of pigs.", "content": "Biotin in the nutrition of pigs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041818"}
{"pmid": "1041819", "title": "Vasectomy: solution to the overpopulation problem in captive African lions?", "content": "Vasectomy: solution to the overpopulation problem in captive African lions?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041819"}
{"pmid": "1041821", "title": "Ways to save on your 1975 taxes.", "content": "Ways to save on your 1975 taxes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041821"}
{"pmid": "1041820", "title": "Arizona septicemia in three boa constrictors.", "content": "Arizona septicemia in three boa constrictors.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041820"}
{"pmid": "1041822", "title": "Personal financial planning--II.", "content": "Personal financial planning--II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041822"}
{"pmid": "1041823", "title": "How safe is your safe-deposit box?", "content": "How safe is your safe-deposit box?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041823"}
{"pmid": "1041824", "title": "Help clients remember by writing it down.", "content": "Help clients remember by writing it down.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041824"}
{"pmid": "1041825", "title": "The New York plan.", "content": "The New York plan.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041825"}
{"pmid": "1041826", "title": "Oral care of the patient having head and neck irradiation.", "content": "Oral care of the patient having head and neck irradiation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041826"}
{"pmid": "1041827", "title": "Accepting disfigurement when death is the alternative.", "content": "Accepting disfigurement when death is the alternative.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041827"}
{"pmid": "1041828", "title": "Helping patients with endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes communicate.", "content": "Helping patients with endotracheal and tracheostomy tubes communicate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041828"}
{"pmid": "1041829", "title": "Electronic larynx for aphonic patients.", "content": "Electronic larynx for aphonic patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041829"}
{"pmid": "1041830", "title": "Personal notes of a laryngectomee.", "content": "Personal notes of a laryngectomee.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041830"}
{"pmid": "1041831", "title": "Through a GLASS darkly.", "content": "Through a GLASS darkly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041831"}
{"pmid": "1041832", "title": "Coping with newly diagnosed blindness.", "content": "Coping with newly diagnosed blindness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041832"}
{"pmid": "1041833", "title": "Books for the hospitalized child.", "content": "Books for the hospitalized child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041833"}
{"pmid": "1041834", "title": "Making vegetarian diets nutritious.", "content": "Making vegetarian diets nutritious.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041834"}
{"pmid": "1041836", "title": "Nurse in a Christian community.", "content": "Nurse in a Christian community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041836"}
{"pmid": "1041835", "title": "How I spent my Christmas vacation.", "content": "How I spent my Christmas vacation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041835"}
{"pmid": "1041837", "title": "Multiple assignments-try them!", "content": "Multiple assignments-try them!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041837"}
{"pmid": "1041838", "title": "The oxygen hood for newborns in respiratory distress.", "content": "The oxygen hood for newborns in respiratory distress.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041838"}
{"pmid": "1041839", "title": "Strengthening a disorganized family.", "content": "Strengthening a disorganized family.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041839"}
{"pmid": "1041840", "title": "Initiation into peer review.", "content": "Initiation into peer review.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041840"}
{"pmid": "1041841", "title": "Watching your finances: is joint ownership the answer for you?", "content": "Watching your finances: is joint ownership the answer for you?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041841"}
{"pmid": "1041842", "title": "Letter: Penicillin-\"sensitive\" methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.", "content": "Letter: Penicillin-\"sensitive\" methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041842"}
{"pmid": "1041852", "title": "[Further thoughts on W.H.O.'s mission].", "content": "[Further thoughts on W.H.O.'s mission].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041852"}
{"pmid": "1041854", "title": "Nursing in Ireland.", "content": "Nursing in Ireland.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041854"}
{"pmid": "1041853", "title": "[Making life worth living for the elderly].", "content": "[Making life worth living for the elderly].", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041853"}
{"pmid": "1041843", "title": "Hypertension Part II: Treatment and nursing responsibilities.", "content": "Hypertension Part II: Treatment and nursing responsibilities.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041843"}
{"pmid": "1041855", "title": "Declaration on procured abortion.", "content": "Declaration on procured abortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041855"}
{"pmid": "1041844", "title": "Management of the disruptive patient in the intensive care setting.", "content": "Management of the disruptive patient in the intensive care setting.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041844"}
{"pmid": "1041946", "title": "Nursing does have a future.", "content": "Nursing does have a future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041946"}
{"pmid": "1041947", "title": "\"Where are the nurses?\".", "content": "\"Where are the nurses?\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041947"}
{"pmid": "1041948", "title": "Home deliveries.", "content": "Home deliveries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041948"}
{"pmid": "1041949", "title": "Developing a philosophy of family nursing.", "content": "Developing a philosophy of family nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041949"}
{"pmid": "1041950", "title": "Service-teaching.", "content": "Service-teaching.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041950"}
{"pmid": "1041951", "title": "\"A little something called FNS\".", "content": "\"A little something called FNS\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041951"}
{"pmid": "1041952", "title": "Community medicine rotation.", "content": "Community medicine rotation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041952"}
{"pmid": "1041953", "title": "Rehumanizing medicine.", "content": "Rehumanizing medicine.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041953"}
{"pmid": "1041955", "title": "The value of values in nursing education.", "content": "The value of values in nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041955"}
{"pmid": "1041954", "title": "Update on aging: its problems, its promises.", "content": "Update on aging: its problems, its promises.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041954"}
{"pmid": "1041957", "title": "Know your generics: \"the phenothiazine drugs\".", "content": "Know your generics: \"the phenothiazine drugs\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041957"}
{"pmid": "1041956", "title": "Writing a nursing term paper.", "content": "Writing a nursing term paper.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041956"}
{"pmid": "1041958", "title": "Legislation affects \"Breakthrough\" too!", "content": "Legislation affects \"Breakthrough\" too!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041958"}
{"pmid": "1041959", "title": "Community health highlights: Immunization Action Month.", "content": "Community health highlights: Immunization Action Month.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041959"}
{"pmid": "1041960", "title": "Self-assessment and career choice.", "content": "Self-assessment and career choice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041960"}
{"pmid": "1041961", "title": "Making a career choice: think twice!", "content": "Making a career choice: think twice!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041961"}
{"pmid": "1041962", "title": "Project tomorrow is now.", "content": "Project tomorrow is now.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041962"}
{"pmid": "1041963", "title": "1975 Convention--rights with responsibility.", "content": "1975 Convention--rights with responsibility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041963"}
{"pmid": "1041964", "title": "How to protect yourself against malpractice.", "content": "How to protect yourself against malpractice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041964"}
{"pmid": "1041965", "title": "Nursing's past and potential role in alcoholism.", "content": "Nursing's past and potential role in alcoholism.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041965"}
{"pmid": "1041967", "title": "When bill becomes law, then what? Example: the Nurse Training Act.", "content": "When bill becomes law, then what? Example: the Nurse Training Act.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041967"}
{"pmid": "1041966", "title": "Breakthrough to Nursing. One down, two to go!", "content": "Breakthrough to Nursing. One down, two to go!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041966"}
{"pmid": "1041968", "title": "Victims of sexual assault.", "content": "Victims of sexual assault.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041968"}
{"pmid": "1041969", "title": "Rape and nursing intervention: locating resources.", "content": "Rape and nursing intervention: locating resources.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041969"}
{"pmid": "1041970", "title": "The rape of Sheila Robinson.", "content": "The rape of Sheila Robinson.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041970"}
{"pmid": "1041971", "title": "A hospital \"maven\" speaks her mind.", "content": "A hospital \"maven\" speaks her mind.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041971"}
{"pmid": "1041972", "title": "Sensation of touch.", "content": "Sensation of touch.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041972"}
{"pmid": "1041973", "title": "Impressions of non-patients admitted to mental hospitals.", "content": "Impressions of non-patients admitted to mental hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041973"}
{"pmid": "1041974", "title": "On their own: nursing students participate in demonstration projects in inner city, rural areas.", "content": "On their own: nursing students participate in demonstration projects in inner city, rural areas.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041974"}
{"pmid": "1041983", "title": "Editorial: Risk.", "content": "Editorial: Risk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041983"}
{"pmid": "1041984", "title": "Cot deaths. I. The relevance of dehydration in some cot deaths.", "content": "Cot deaths. I. The relevance of dehydration in some cot deaths.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041984"}
{"pmid": "1041985", "title": "Cot deaths. II. Prospective investigation into cot deaths.", "content": "Cot deaths. II. Prospective investigation into cot deaths.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041985"}
{"pmid": "1041986", "title": "Cot death. III. Leaflet for parents.", "content": "Cot death. III. Leaflet for parents.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041986"}
{"pmid": "1041987", "title": "Play material for the first five years. II.", "content": "Play material for the first five years. II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041987"}
{"pmid": "1041988", "title": "Editorial: The NHS--a maintenance or breakdown service?", "content": "Editorial: The NHS--a maintenance or breakdown service?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041988"}
{"pmid": "1041989", "title": "As others see us.", "content": "As others see us.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041989"}
{"pmid": "1041990", "title": "Family background and antisocial behaviour.", "content": "Family background and antisocial behaviour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041990"}
{"pmid": "1041991", "title": "Wanderings in paradise.", "content": "Wanderings in paradise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041991"}
{"pmid": "1041993", "title": "A look at health education in schools.", "content": "A look at health education in schools.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041993"}
{"pmid": "1041992", "title": "Bereavement.", "content": "Bereavement.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041992"}
{"pmid": "1041994", "title": "The Childminding Research and Development Unit.", "content": "The Childminding Research and Development Unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041994"}
{"pmid": "1041995", "title": "The needs of the smaller child.", "content": "The needs of the smaller child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041995"}
{"pmid": "1041996", "title": "Community health councils.", "content": "Community health councils.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041996"}
{"pmid": "1041997", "title": "Some thoughts on the lone mother and her child in Messenger House.", "content": "Some thoughts on the lone mother and her child in Messenger House.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041997"}
{"pmid": "1041998", "title": "Developing relationships between mother and child. With special reference to babies placed in special care units.", "content": "Developing relationships between mother and child. With special reference to babies placed in special care units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041998"}
{"pmid": "1042000", "title": "Case study: the student.", "content": "Case study: the student.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042000"}
{"pmid": "1041999", "title": "A slimming club in Cyprus.", "content": "A slimming club in Cyprus.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1041999"}
{"pmid": "1042001", "title": "The breastfeeding promotion group.", "content": "The breastfeeding promotion group.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042001"}
{"pmid": "1042002", "title": "A psychological study of child battering.", "content": "A psychological study of child battering.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042002"}
{"pmid": "1042003", "title": "Editorial: Looking to the future.", "content": "Editorial: Looking to the future.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042003"}
{"pmid": "1042005", "title": "Staffing of the health visiting and school nursing services.", "content": "Staffing of the health visiting and school nursing services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042005"}
{"pmid": "1042004", "title": "Health visiting in the seventies.", "content": "Health visiting in the seventies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042004"}
{"pmid": "1042006", "title": "Play material for the first five years. 1.", "content": "Play material for the first five years. 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042006"}
{"pmid": "1042007", "title": "The unlimited future of critical-care nursing.", "content": "The unlimited future of critical-care nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042007"}
{"pmid": "1042012", "title": "Systems approach in assessing behavioral problems of critical-care patients.", "content": "Systems approach in assessing behavioral problems of critical-care patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042012"}
{"pmid": "1042011", "title": "Newer techniques in cardiac monitoring.", "content": "Newer techniques in cardiac monitoring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042011"}
{"pmid": "1042014", "title": "Energy metabolism in shock.", "content": "Energy metabolism in shock. Shock produces a state of low-energy production secondary to lack of oxygen. Only 1/5 of the energy produced under aerobic conditions can be produced in shock and less so if shock continues and loss of nucleotide bases and substrate occurs. Carbohydrates and their intermediate compounds are responsible for the energy produced during shock. As cellular derangements and loss of energy supplying compounds are becoming better understood, their contributions to a condition of irreversible shock are receiving more consideration. Studies utilizing energy substrates, prevention of nucleotide loss, and supplying high-energy compounds have been done and show promise as a therapeutic modality.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042014"}
{"pmid": "1042008", "title": "Indications and techniques for ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring.", "content": "Indications and techniques for ambulatory electrocardiogram monitoring. The development of the ability to record a patient's ECG during a full 24-hour day of normal activities has resulted in improved arrhythmia detection and potential for treatment. Improved methods of ECG data processing, using computer techniques, now allows quantitation of PVC frequency and improved correlation of the arrhythmia with events occurring during the period of recording. Knowledge of the natural occurrence and variability of ambulatory arrhythmias permits appropriate choice and timing of antiarrhythmic therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042008"}
{"pmid": "1042010", "title": "The role of ambulatory real-time monitoring in ischemic heart disease.", "content": "The role of ambulatory real-time monitoring in ischemic heart disease. Pending the long-term solution of the problem of coronary atherosclerosis, and considering the unlikelihood of a universally effective, nontoxic, anti-arrhythmic regimen, it seems likely that ambulatory real-time monitoring is a promising avenue of approach for attacking the largest share of IHD mortality, namely the 2/3 who currently die before any medical attention.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042010"}
{"pmid": "1042024", "title": "Clinical aspects of renal biopsy.", "content": "Clinical aspects of renal biopsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042024"}
{"pmid": "1042009", "title": "The role of ambulatory monitoring in postinfarction patients.", "content": "The role of ambulatory monitoring in postinfarction patients. Ventricular premature contractions noted at the time of hospital discharge following myocardial infarction identify a population of patients at risk for late, sudden cardiac death. Patients with PVC's who are at exceptionally high risk can be identified by means of certain clinical and arrhythmic characteristics. Late ambulatory monitoring is the most effective single technique for identifying such individuals and for monitoring their response to anti-arrhythmic medication.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042009"}
{"pmid": "1042037", "title": "Urinary 17-ketosteroid and uropepsin excretion in active duodenal ulcer patients.", "content": "Urinary 17-ketosteroid and uropepsin excretion in active duodenal ulcer patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042037"}
{"pmid": "1042020", "title": "Renal disease and critical care.", "content": "Renal disease and critical care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042020"}
{"pmid": "1042018", "title": "American Association of Critical-Care Nurses. President's message.", "content": "American Association of Critical-Care Nurses. President's message.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042018"}
{"pmid": "1042017", "title": "Letters: The use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in the management of cardiogenic shock.", "content": "Letters: The use of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in the management of cardiogenic shock.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042017"}
{"pmid": "1042022", "title": "Some aspects of the nursing care for patients on hemodialysis.", "content": "Some aspects of the nursing care for patients on hemodialysis. Currently the majority of patients receiving hemodialysis for chronic renal failure are treated as outpatients in hemodialysis units of large hospitals. In most of these units it is the nurses that handle the entire dialysis procedure with little if any direct supervision from physicians. The nurses are also the ones on the health team that have the most contact with the patients. Thus the nurse must have a thorough knowledge of the pathophysiology of renal failure, of the mechanics and technical aspects of the dialyzer, of the expected outcomes and complications of hemodialysis and, particularly, the needs of the hemodialysis patient. The nurses that choose to work with chronic hemodialysis patients can enjoy much satisfaction in assisting in maintaining both a productive life and a long-term relationship with chronic renal failure patients. The nurse makes the difference.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042022"}
{"pmid": "1042019", "title": "The limitations of emergency revascularization surgery.", "content": "The limitations of emergency revascularization surgery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042019"}
{"pmid": "1042015", "title": "Sinus bradycardia and A-V nodal escape with 2:1 retrograde A-V block.", "content": "Sinus bradycardia and A-V nodal escape with 2:1 retrograde A-V block.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042015"}
{"pmid": "1042016", "title": "Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. I. Physiologic bases of ectopic beats.", "content": "Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. I. Physiologic bases of ectopic beats. Ectopic beats appearing in the wake of an acute myocardial infarction are best explained with a fundamental knowledge of myocardial cellular electrophysiology. When the physician or nurse has knowledge of the electrical events of intracellular recordings then normal as well as abnormal states of automaticity and conductivity are better understood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042016"}
{"pmid": "1042023", "title": "Nursing implications in prevention of complications in peritoneal dialysis.", "content": "Nursing implications in prevention of complications in peritoneal dialysis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042023"}
{"pmid": "1042026", "title": "Electrocardiographic recognition of ventricular ectopic beats in lead V1--a preliminary report.", "content": "Electrocardiographic recognition of ventricular ectopic beats in lead V1--a preliminary report.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042026"}
{"pmid": "1042013", "title": "Dyspnea in the patient with cardiopulmonary disease.", "content": "Dyspnea in the patient with cardiopulmonary disease. Dyspnea in the patient with cardiopulmonary disease has been defined and discussed, emphasizing those conditions which increase the work of breathing: increased elastic resistance; increased airway obstruction; and deformities of the chest wall, lung, and pleura. Methods of assessing the cardiopulmonary status of the patient as it relates to each condition were presented. Determining and understanding such clinical signs as patterns of breathing, cough and secretions, râles, rhonchi, wheezes, diminished or augmented breath sounds, poor or unequal expansion of the rib cage, and dullness or hyperresonance on percusion is extremely important for the nurse in order to accurately and comprehensively make a nursing assessment. Such an assessment can provide the information necessary to plan more effectively for the care of the patient with cardiopulmonary disease.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042013"}
{"pmid": "1042021", "title": "Dialysis--current status and future trends.", "content": "Dialysis--current status and future trends.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042021"}
{"pmid": "1042028", "title": "Vasodilator therapy in acute myocardial infarction.", "content": "Vasodilator therapy in acute myocardial infarction. In the context of these studies, the evidence indicates that cardiac performance can improve significantly during vasodilator therapy in acute MI complicated by pump failure. Although the clinical course in uncomplicated patients is good, even without active therapeutic interventions, prognosis in patients with pump failure treated by standard methods (digitalis and diutetics) is discouraging. Hospital mortality approaches \"40 per cent in patients with moderately depressed cardiac function and may reach as high as 100 per cent in patients with severe pump failure and/or cardiogenic shock.\" The evidence presented suggests that early and cautious vasodilator therapy may significantly alter this poor prognosis by its beneficial effects on both LV function and the determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042028"}
{"pmid": "1042025", "title": "The ailing A-V junction.", "content": "The ailing A-V junction. The \"ailing A-V junction\" includes a spectrum of arrhythmias and conduction defects owing to abnormalities in impulse formation (junctional rhythms), impulse conduction (A-V dissociation), and impulse storage (ventricular pre-excitation). A schema is presented for the identification of these dysrhythmias based upon modern electrophysiologic concepts. Hopefully, precise electrophysiologic diagnosis will yield a rational approach to therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042025"}
{"pmid": "1042027", "title": "Pacemaker bigeminy: pseudomalfunction.", "content": "Pacemaker bigeminy: pseudomalfunction. The first reported unique case of atrial synchronized pacemaker-induced bigeminy is described and related literature is briefly discussed. The arrhythmia reported in this case can be erroneously misinterpreted as a malfunctioning pacemaker unless the physician is fully familiar with the specific nature of the atrial synchronized pacemaker. By recognizing this type of pacemaker bigeminy as an arrhythmia simply related to a normally functioning pacemaker, unnecessary surgery can be avoided.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042027"}
{"pmid": "1042038", "title": "Continuing education and nursing service an example of working togetherness.", "content": "Continuing education and nursing service an example of working togetherness.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042038"}
{"pmid": "1042039", "title": "A short-term continuing education program for the development of a pediatric oncology nurse.", "content": "A short-term continuing education program for the development of a pediatric oncology nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042039"}
{"pmid": "1042044", "title": "Mandatory continuing education for relicensure in nursing and the implications for higher education.", "content": "Mandatory continuing education for relicensure in nursing and the implications for higher education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042044"}
{"pmid": "1042052", "title": "Computed tomography using the EMI scanner: Part I. The apparatus, the normal scan, and its variants.", "content": "Computed tomography using the EMI scanner: Part I. The apparatus, the normal scan, and its variants.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042052"}
{"pmid": "1042054", "title": "The therapeutic use of cold.", "content": "The therapeutic use of cold.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042054"}
{"pmid": "1042031", "title": "Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. III. Physiologic bases of paroxysmal tachycardia-dependent A-V block.", "content": "Arrhythmias in the coronary-care unit. III. Physiologic bases of paroxysmal tachycardia-dependent A-V block. This vignette illustrates the application of electrophysiological principles to the clinical problems of acute trifascicular A-V block occurring during an acute MI. Paroxysmal trifascicular A-V block that occurs transiently during an acute MI can be explained electrophysiologically as being due to tachycardia-dependent or bradycardia-dependent A-V block or both. Tachycardia-dependent A-V block also referred to as phase 3 A-V block is a term used when a premature beat occurring during repolarization of the preceeding beat causes conduction failure. Bradycardia-dependent A-V block or phase 4 block is used to explain the slowing of conduction or block after a longer diastolic interval. Physicians and nurses can improve their care of the critically ill cardiac patient through a better understanding of pathophysiology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042031"}
{"pmid": "1042053", "title": "Computed tomography using the EMI scanner: Part II. Intracranial pathology.", "content": "Computed tomography using the EMI scanner: Part II. Intracranial pathology.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042053"}
{"pmid": "1042055", "title": "Anterior dislocation of the knee joint: report of a case.", "content": "Anterior dislocation of the knee joint: report of a case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042055"}
{"pmid": "1042041", "title": "Consultation in nursing.", "content": "Consultation in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042041"}
{"pmid": "1042056", "title": "Acute cerebellar ataxia: report of case.", "content": "Acute cerebellar ataxia: report of case.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042056"}
{"pmid": "1042057", "title": "Cancer of the posterior one-third of the tongue and the floor of the mouth: present forms of treatment.", "content": "Cancer of the posterior one-third of the tongue and the floor of the mouth: present forms of treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042057"}
{"pmid": "1042040", "title": "ANA National Review Committee. Criteria for selection of members.", "content": "ANA National Review Committee. Criteria for selection of members.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042040"}
{"pmid": "1042048", "title": "Personal factors - help or hindrance to continued learning by the nurse.", "content": "Personal factors - help or hindrance to continued learning by the nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042048"}
{"pmid": "1042029", "title": "Near-drowning.", "content": "Near-drowning. It can be seen that the physiologic changes occurring in near-drowning are complex. The pulmonary changes including edema, shunting, and alterations in surfactant properties cause disturbances in oxygenation and acid-base balance which can have severe consequences for the near-drowning victim if immediate and intelligent treatment is not directed toward their correction. Although blood volume, serum electrolyte, and hematologic changes are generally not severe, they must still be considered. The secondary effects, which make up the clinical situation met with in patients eventually admitted to the hospital, may result in disaster in those who appear to have recovered from the acute episode unless careful vigilance is maintained. The possession of a sound knowledge base related to these aspects is essential in the treatment and care of near-drowning victims.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042029"}
{"pmid": "1042030", "title": "Chest pain.", "content": "Chest pain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042030"}
{"pmid": "1042032", "title": "Letter: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.", "content": "Letter: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042032"}
{"pmid": "1042046", "title": "An experience in change.", "content": "An experience in change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042046"}
{"pmid": "1042047", "title": "Correlates of professional obsolescence: part I.", "content": "Correlates of professional obsolescence: part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042047"}
{"pmid": "1042042", "title": "The mountain goes to Muhammed.", "content": "The mountain goes to Muhammed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042042"}
{"pmid": "1042043", "title": "Space satellite in health education.", "content": "Space satellite in health education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042043"}
{"pmid": "1042045", "title": "Traveling teacher.", "content": "Traveling teacher.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042045"}
{"pmid": "1042059", "title": "The professional nurse and the care of the aged.", "content": "The professional nurse and the care of the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042059"}
{"pmid": "1042049", "title": "Principles for developing inservice educational programs from the nineteen fifty-sixth yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education.", "content": "Principles for developing inservice educational programs from the nineteen fifty-sixth yearbook of the National Society for the Study of Education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042049"}
{"pmid": "1042058", "title": "Retirement as a nursing concern.", "content": "Retirement as a nursing concern.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042058"}
{"pmid": "1042069", "title": "An empirical analysis of the relationship of selected structural factors to quality of patient care in nursing homes.", "content": "An empirical analysis of the relationship of selected structural factors to quality of patient care in nursing homes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042069"}
{"pmid": "1042063", "title": "A pilot study in reality orientation for the confused elderly.", "content": "A pilot study in reality orientation for the confused elderly.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042063"}
{"pmid": "1042071", "title": "Attitudes of the aged toward death and dying: considerations for the administrator.", "content": "Attitudes of the aged toward death and dying: considerations for the administrator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042071"}
{"pmid": "1042051", "title": "Pharmacology for licensed practical nurses.", "content": "Pharmacology for licensed practical nurses.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042051"}
{"pmid": "1042070", "title": "Creating the new professional.", "content": "Creating the new professional.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042070"}
{"pmid": "1042050", "title": "Continuing education? Yes, but how?", "content": "Continuing education? Yes, but how?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042050"}
{"pmid": "1042072", "title": "Planning effective education in the long term care facility.", "content": "Planning effective education in the long term care facility.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042072"}
{"pmid": "1042061", "title": "\"Contact--may I help you?\".", "content": "\"Contact--may I help you?\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042061"}
{"pmid": "1042060", "title": "A survey of incident reports.", "content": "A survey of incident reports.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042060"}
{"pmid": "1042062", "title": "Editorial: Nursing care for older adults.", "content": "Editorial: Nursing care for older adults.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042062"}
{"pmid": "1042064", "title": "Living environments, geriatric wheelchairs and older persons' rehabilitation.", "content": "Living environments, geriatric wheelchairs and older persons' rehabilitation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042064"}
{"pmid": "1042067", "title": "A happier healthier old age.", "content": "A happier healthier old age.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042067"}
{"pmid": "1042073", "title": "The neurosurgical nurse and computer work together.", "content": "The neurosurgical nurse and computer work together.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042073"}
{"pmid": "1042074", "title": "Nursing responsibilities in arterial and intracranial pressure monitoring.", "content": "Nursing responsibilities in arterial and intracranial pressure monitoring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042074"}
{"pmid": "1042075", "title": "Surgical correction of cranial-facial anomalies.", "content": "Surgical correction of cranial-facial anomalies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042075"}
{"pmid": "1042076", "title": "Air embolism during surgery in the sitting position: its prevention, detection, and treatment.", "content": "Air embolism during surgery in the sitting position: its prevention, detection, and treatment.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042076"}
{"pmid": "1042077", "title": "Crisis intervention: the patient with interruption of spinal cord integrity.", "content": "Crisis intervention: the patient with interruption of spinal cord integrity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042077"}
{"pmid": "1042078", "title": "The concept of neurosurgical care in a general hospital.", "content": "The concept of neurosurgical care in a general hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042078"}
{"pmid": "1042079", "title": "Transcutaneous electrical stimulation.", "content": "Transcutaneous electrical stimulation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042079"}
{"pmid": "1042080", "title": "Trigeminal neuralgia: diagnosis and treatment with special reference to percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy.", "content": "Trigeminal neuralgia: diagnosis and treatment with special reference to percutaneous radiofrequency rhizotomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042080"}
{"pmid": "1042065", "title": "Dignified death: a right not a privilege.", "content": "Dignified death: a right not a privilege.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042065"}
{"pmid": "1042068", "title": "Sexuality in the aged.", "content": "Sexuality in the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042068"}
{"pmid": "1042066", "title": "Gerontological nursing is not boring or depressing.", "content": "Gerontological nursing is not boring or depressing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042066"}
{"pmid": "1042111", "title": "The cost of competency.", "content": "The cost of competency.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042111"}
{"pmid": "1042112", "title": "P.E.T. (Point Evaluation Tool) a method of evaluating professional nurse performance.", "content": "P.E.T. (Point Evaluation Tool) a method of evaluating professional nurse performance.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042112"}
{"pmid": "1042113", "title": "A nurse views credentialing.", "content": "A nurse views credentialing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042113"}
{"pmid": "1042114", "title": "A pilot project in continuing education for critical care nursing.", "content": "A pilot project in continuing education for critical care nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042114"}
{"pmid": "1042122", "title": "ACNM; an organization full of promise.", "content": "ACNM; an organization full of promise.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042122"}
{"pmid": "1042123", "title": "Perspectives.", "content": "Perspectives.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042123"}
{"pmid": "1042124", "title": "A preliminary report: severe respiratory distress in transitional newborn lambs with recovery following nonnutritive sucking.", "content": "A preliminary report: severe respiratory distress in transitional newborn lambs with recovery following nonnutritive sucking.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042124"}
{"pmid": "1042119", "title": "Continuing education vs. continuing competence.", "content": "Continuing education vs. continuing competence.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042119"}
{"pmid": "1042125", "title": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwifery education. I. Mastery learning: an approach to individualizing learning.", "content": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwifery education. I. Mastery learning: an approach to individualizing learning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042125"}
{"pmid": "1042126", "title": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwifery education. II. Designing and implementing modules: a guide for the educator.", "content": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwifery education. II. Designing and implementing modules: a guide for the educator.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042126"}
{"pmid": "1042127", "title": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwifery education. III. Meeting specialized problems with creative solutions: an experience with faculty exchange.", "content": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwifery education. III. Meeting specialized problems with creative solutions: an experience with faculty exchange.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042127"}
{"pmid": "1042128", "title": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwife education. IV. Video taping: some practical guidelines.", "content": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwife education. IV. Video taping: some practical guidelines.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042128"}
{"pmid": "1042129", "title": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwife education. VI. The use of an educational consultant: an approach to curriculum planning.", "content": "Creative approaches to nurse-midwife education. VI. The use of an educational consultant: an approach to curriculum planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042129"}
{"pmid": "1042130", "title": "Issues in nurse-midwifery education.", "content": "Issues in nurse-midwifery education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042130"}
{"pmid": "1042131", "title": "Editorial: Heroism in nursing.", "content": "Editorial: Heroism in nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042131"}
{"pmid": "1042115", "title": "Educational administration: managing complexity.", "content": "Educational administration: managing complexity.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042115"}
{"pmid": "1042132", "title": "Your aphasic patient; comprehending...communicating.", "content": "Your aphasic patient; comprehending...communicating.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042132"}
{"pmid": "1042116", "title": "The nursing administrators growing role in facilities planning.", "content": "The nursing administrators growing role in facilities planning.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042116"}
{"pmid": "1042133", "title": "Emergency care: assessment and action. Part III.", "content": "Emergency care: assessment and action. Part III.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042133"}
{"pmid": "1042134", "title": "Childhood leukemia: its changing aspects.", "content": "Childhood leukemia: its changing aspects.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042134"}
{"pmid": "1042120", "title": "A block scheduling system.", "content": "A block scheduling system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042120"}
{"pmid": "1042117", "title": "Maintaining continuity of care during shift change.", "content": "Maintaining continuity of care during shift change.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042117"}
{"pmid": "1042135", "title": "Caring for the child with a tracheostomy.", "content": "Caring for the child with a tracheostomy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042135"}
{"pmid": "1042136", "title": "Mary: rights of a retarded child.", "content": "Mary: rights of a retarded child.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042136"}
{"pmid": "1042137", "title": "The nursing process; how to assess your patient's needs. Part II.", "content": "The nursing process; how to assess your patient's needs. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042137"}
{"pmid": "1042118", "title": "Reliability study of a nursing flow sheet.", "content": "Reliability study of a nursing flow sheet.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042118"}
{"pmid": "1042121", "title": "Researchers? Of course!", "content": "Researchers? Of course!", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042121"}
{"pmid": "1042138", "title": "As a nurse, how can you help?", "content": "As a nurse, how can you help?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042138"}
{"pmid": "1042139", "title": "Editorial: Accreditation: a credit to higher educational standards.", "content": "Editorial: Accreditation: a credit to higher educational standards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042139"}
{"pmid": "1042140", "title": "Myths about milk.", "content": "Myths about milk.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042140"}
{"pmid": "1042141", "title": "Accreditation: the American way.", "content": "Accreditation: the American way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042141"}
{"pmid": "1042142", "title": "Sixteen or sixty; does it make a difference?", "content": "Sixteen or sixty; does it make a difference?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042142"}
{"pmid": "1042143", "title": "Selecting and teaching SP/VNs.", "content": "Selecting and teaching SP/VNs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042143"}
{"pmid": "1042145", "title": "Hemorrhoids: how to care when it's simple.", "content": "Hemorrhoids: how to care when it's simple.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042145"}
{"pmid": "1042144", "title": "The nursing process. Formulation... care plan. Part III.", "content": "The nursing process. Formulation... care plan. Part III.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042144"}
{"pmid": "1042146", "title": "Issues in caring for blind patients.", "content": "Issues in caring for blind patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042146"}
{"pmid": "1042148", "title": "Educational programs in practical/vocational nursing accredited by NAPNES as of November, 1975.", "content": "Educational programs in practical/vocational nursing accredited by NAPNES as of November, 1975.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042148"}
{"pmid": "1042147", "title": "NAPNES; Practical/Vocational Nursing Accreditation Program--1976.", "content": "NAPNES; Practical/Vocational Nursing Accreditation Program--1976.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042147"}
{"pmid": "1042150", "title": "The nursing process: implementation and evaluation. Part IV.", "content": "The nursing process: implementation and evaluation. Part IV.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042150"}
{"pmid": "1042149", "title": "Good night nurse.. and goodbye.... Part 1.", "content": "Good night nurse.. and goodbye.... Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042149"}
{"pmid": "1042151", "title": "Urinary tract infection in women. Part I.", "content": "Urinary tract infection in women. Part I.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042151"}
{"pmid": "1042153", "title": "Caring for the hospitalized cerebral palsy patient.", "content": "Caring for the hospitalized cerebral palsy patient.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042153"}
{"pmid": "1042152", "title": "Myasthenia gravis; a time of quiet desperation.", "content": "Myasthenia gravis; a time of quiet desperation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042152"}
{"pmid": "1042154", "title": "Cries of children.", "content": "Cries of children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042154"}
{"pmid": "1042155", "title": "What are those animals doing on the \"health care team?\".", "content": "What are those animals doing on the \"health care team?\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042155"}
{"pmid": "1042157", "title": "The first half-hour.", "content": "The first half-hour.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042157"}
{"pmid": "1042156", "title": "Editorial: Innovations in continuing education for '76.", "content": "Editorial: Innovations in continuing education for '76.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042156"}
{"pmid": "1042158", "title": "When prevention fails. Suicide, Part II.", "content": "When prevention fails. Suicide, Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042158"}
{"pmid": "1042159", "title": "Self-catheterization in urinary tract disease. Part II.", "content": "Self-catheterization in urinary tract disease. Part II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042159"}
{"pmid": "1042161", "title": "Reality orientation: restoring the senile to life. Part 1.", "content": "Reality orientation: restoring the senile to life. Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042161"}
{"pmid": "1042160", "title": "Nursing in... the nursing home.", "content": "Nursing in... the nursing home.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042160"}
{"pmid": "1042162", "title": "Do unto others... legal lore for the LP/VN.", "content": "Do unto others... legal lore for the LP/VN.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042162"}
{"pmid": "1042163", "title": "Editorial: Accreditation recognition renewed.", "content": "Editorial: Accreditation recognition renewed.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042163"}
{"pmid": "1042165", "title": "Diet therapy in renal failure.", "content": "Diet therapy in renal failure.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042165"}
{"pmid": "1042164", "title": "End-stage kidney disease current concepts in care. 1.", "content": "End-stage kidney disease current concepts in care. 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042164"}
{"pmid": "1042166", "title": ". . . But, I'm just like everybody else.", "content": ". . . But, I'm just like everybody else.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042166"}
{"pmid": "1042168", "title": "The slap-stick chart.", "content": "The slap-stick chart.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042168"}
{"pmid": "1042169", "title": "Editorial: Advertising and infant feeding.", "content": "Editorial: Advertising and infant feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042169"}
{"pmid": "1042167", "title": "Reality orientation: restoring the senile to life. 2.", "content": "Reality orientation: restoring the senile to life. 2.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042167"}
{"pmid": "1042170", "title": "An integrated basis for child health care in the developing countries.", "content": "An integrated basis for child health care in the developing countries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042170"}
{"pmid": "1042171", "title": "Aetiological factors in genu valga, vara and varovalga in Nigerian children.", "content": "Aetiological factors in genu valga, vara and varovalga in Nigerian children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042171"}
{"pmid": "1042172", "title": "The role of health survey research in maternal and child health family planning programmes: Danfa Project, Ghana.", "content": "The role of health survey research in maternal and child health family planning programmes: Danfa Project, Ghana.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042172"}
{"pmid": "1042173", "title": "Coeliac disease in Iraqi children.", "content": "Coeliac disease in Iraqi children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042173"}
{"pmid": "1042174", "title": "Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in Sudanese children.", "content": "Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in Sudanese children.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042174"}
{"pmid": "1042175", "title": "Under-fives clinic in Malawi. The development of a national programme.", "content": "Under-fives clinic in Malawi. The development of a national programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042175"}
{"pmid": "1042176", "title": "Pathological growth and maturation in infants and children associated with modern methods of feeding.", "content": "Pathological growth and maturation in infants and children associated with modern methods of feeding.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042176"}
{"pmid": "1042177", "title": "Field indicators of high risk of infant death based on birth information.", "content": "Field indicators of high risk of infant death based on birth information.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042177"}
{"pmid": "1042178", "title": "The 2 + 1 programme.", "content": "The 2 + 1 programme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042178"}
{"pmid": "1042179", "title": "Advanced nursing education at the University of the West Indies.", "content": "Advanced nursing education at the University of the West Indies.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042179"}
{"pmid": "1042180", "title": "The practice of nursing.", "content": "The practice of nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042180"}
{"pmid": "1042182", "title": "Democratic education - its implications for nursing education.", "content": "Democratic education - its implications for nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042182"}
{"pmid": "1042181", "title": "Evaluation in nursing education.", "content": "Evaluation in nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042181"}
{"pmid": "1042381", "title": "Rock and 'bye, Baby.", "content": "Rock and 'bye, Baby.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042381"}
{"pmid": "1042384", "title": "Examinee strategies for increasing test scores.", "content": "Examinee strategies for increasing test scores.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042384"}
{"pmid": "1042385", "title": "Uterine contractile physiology: applications in nursing care and patient teaching.", "content": "Uterine contractile physiology: applications in nursing care and patient teaching.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042385"}
{"pmid": "1042382", "title": "Toward better preparation for involved fatherhood.", "content": "Toward better preparation for involved fatherhood.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042382"}
{"pmid": "1042383", "title": "Prepared childbirth and the concept of control.", "content": "Prepared childbirth and the concept of control.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042383"}
{"pmid": "1042386", "title": "The cooperative roles of the physician and nurse in obstetric practice.", "content": "The cooperative roles of the physician and nurse in obstetric practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042386"}
{"pmid": "1042428", "title": "The effect of transcendental meditation upon modifying the cigarette smoking habit.", "content": "The effect of transcendental meditation upon modifying the cigarette smoking habit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042428"}
{"pmid": "1042429", "title": "How to plan and present a school-community health fair.", "content": "How to plan and present a school-community health fair.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042429"}
{"pmid": "1042430", "title": "School health service needs in Wisconsin.", "content": "School health service needs in Wisconsin.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042430"}
{"pmid": "1042431", "title": "Rethinking an ecologic-system model of man's health, disease, aging, death.", "content": "Rethinking an ecologic-system model of man's health, disease, aging, death.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042431"}
{"pmid": "1042432", "title": "Sex -- role stereotyping in elementary school health education textbooks.", "content": "Sex -- role stereotyping in elementary school health education textbooks.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042432"}
{"pmid": "1042434", "title": "Safety and accidents -- a brief conceptual analysis, and a point of view.", "content": "Safety and accidents -- a brief conceptual analysis, and a point of view.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042434"}
{"pmid": "1042436", "title": "Inherited and noninherited anemia screening: a program of community cooperation.", "content": "Inherited and noninherited anemia screening: a program of community cooperation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042436"}
{"pmid": "1042433", "title": "The physiological effects of inhaling exhaled cigarette smoke in relation to attitude of the nonsmoker.", "content": "The physiological effects of inhaling exhaled cigarette smoke in relation to attitude of the nonsmoker. Fifty-six nonsmoking college students were exposed, in a closed environment, for a period of 20 minutes to the exhaled cigarette smoke of two smokers. After intervals of 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes of being exposed to the exhaled smoke, heart rates and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were monitored. Differences between times on systolic pressure was the only statistically significant finding. The subjects were then divided into two distinct attitude groups: (1) those who objected (\"disliked\") to being in the presence of cigarette smoke, and (2) those who did not mind (\"indifferent\") being in the presence of cigarette smoke. Variances attributable to between groups was statistically significantly different for heart rate. The \"dislike\" group had the higher rate in comparison to the \"indifferent\" group. Between times was statistically different for both groups for systolic pressure. Between group systolic pressures were not significantly different. As expected, there was no significant finding concerning diastolic changes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042433"}
{"pmid": "1042435", "title": "The training of adolescent health service personnel.", "content": "The training of adolescent health service personnel.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042435"}
{"pmid": "1042437", "title": "Life education: a new concept in health education instruction.", "content": "Life education: a new concept in health education instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042437"}
{"pmid": "1042439", "title": "Levels of conciousness indicated by responses of children to phenomena in the intensive care unit.", "content": "Levels of conciousness indicated by responses of children to phenomena in the intensive care unit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042439"}
{"pmid": "1042438", "title": "Special contribution: national survey of marijuana use and attitudes.", "content": "Special contribution: national survey of marijuana use and attitudes.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042438"}
{"pmid": "1042440", "title": "Public hospital nurses (state) award.", "content": "Public hospital nurses (state) award.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042440"}
{"pmid": "1042441", "title": "Nurse practitioner as medical assistant.", "content": "Nurse practitioner as medical assistant.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042441"}
{"pmid": "1042442", "title": "Public hospital nurses (state) award.", "content": "Public hospital nurses (state) award.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042442"}
{"pmid": "1042443", "title": "Recent emphasis on an \"old\" discipline--community health education needs.", "content": "Recent emphasis on an \"old\" discipline--community health education needs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042443"}
{"pmid": "1042445", "title": "A white man tries.", "content": "A white man tries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042445"}
{"pmid": "1042444", "title": "The New South Wales College of Nursing Annual Conference on National Nursing Issues.", "content": "The New South Wales College of Nursing Annual Conference on National Nursing Issues.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042444"}
{"pmid": "1042446", "title": "My Papua New Guinea experiences: in retrospect.", "content": "My Papua New Guinea experiences: in retrospect.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042446"}
{"pmid": "1042448", "title": "Nursing--a quiet revolution or new approach to nursing education.", "content": "Nursing--a quiet revolution or new approach to nursing education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042448"}
{"pmid": "1042447", "title": "Understanding ward pharmacy.", "content": "Understanding ward pharmacy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042447"}
{"pmid": "1042494", "title": "Editorial: Acceptable and unacceptable choices.", "content": "Editorial: Acceptable and unacceptable choices.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042494"}
{"pmid": "1042495", "title": "He's your client, but he's my patient: a symposium on attitudes toward the commitment of mental patients.", "content": "He's your client, but he's my patient: a symposium on attitudes toward the commitment of mental patients.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042495"}
{"pmid": "1042496", "title": "Humanizing institutional care for the aged.", "content": "Humanizing institutional care for the aged.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042496"}
{"pmid": "1042497", "title": "Clinical experience for students redefined.", "content": "Clinical experience for students redefined.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042497"}
{"pmid": "1042499", "title": "Therapeutic abortion and its aftermath.", "content": "Therapeutic abortion and its aftermath.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042499"}
{"pmid": "1042498", "title": "Court procedures in child abuse.", "content": "Court procedures in child abuse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042498"}
{"pmid": "1042500", "title": "Breast feeding. A trilogy. Part 1. The physiologist's tale.", "content": "Breast feeding. A trilogy. Part 1. The physiologist's tale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042500"}
{"pmid": "1042501", "title": "The present status of ascorbic acid.", "content": "The present status of ascorbic acid.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042501"}
{"pmid": "1042502", "title": "Breast feeding--a trilogy. Part 2. The psychologist's tale.", "content": "Breast feeding--a trilogy. Part 2. The psychologist's tale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042502"}
{"pmid": "1042503", "title": "Counselling for abortion.", "content": "Counselling for abortion.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042503"}
{"pmid": "1042504", "title": "Sharing and caring.", "content": "Sharing and caring.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042504"}
{"pmid": "1042506", "title": "Editorial: The birth rate.", "content": "Editorial: The birth rate.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042506"}
{"pmid": "1042508", "title": "Breast feeding--a trilogy. Part 3. The sociologist's tale.", "content": "Breast feeding--a trilogy. Part 3. The sociologist's tale.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042508"}
{"pmid": "1042509", "title": "Getting it off my chest.", "content": "Getting it off my chest.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042509"}
{"pmid": "1042510", "title": "Haematinic preparations.", "content": "Haematinic preparations.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042510"}
{"pmid": "1042505", "title": "Epidural analgesia in practice.", "content": "Epidural analgesia in practice.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042505"}
{"pmid": "1042507", "title": "Effects of stress on the modern adolescent.", "content": "Effects of stress on the modern adolescent.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042507"}
{"pmid": "1042511", "title": "Antenatal education.", "content": "Antenatal education.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042511"}
{"pmid": "1042512", "title": "Social factors and feeding practices in hypernatraemia.", "content": "Social factors and feeding practices in hypernatraemia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042512"}
{"pmid": "1042513", "title": "Complications in treatment of epilepsy.", "content": "Complications in treatment of epilepsy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042513"}
{"pmid": "1042515", "title": "Editorial: Obstetric audit.", "content": "Editorial: Obstetric audit.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042515"}
{"pmid": "1042514", "title": "Contamination of infant feeds in hospitals.", "content": "Contamination of infant feeds in hospitals.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042514"}
{"pmid": "1042516", "title": "Modern antenatal care--an appraisal. Part 1.", "content": "Modern antenatal care--an appraisal. Part 1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042516"}
{"pmid": "1042517", "title": "The concept of psychology in midwifery.", "content": "The concept of psychology in midwifery.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042517"}
{"pmid": "1042519", "title": "Programmed instruction.", "content": "Programmed instruction.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042519"}
{"pmid": "1042518", "title": "\"We are different\".", "content": "\"We are different\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042518"}
{"pmid": "1042521", "title": "Some hazards of anaesthesia for obstetrics.", "content": "Some hazards of anaesthesia for obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042521"}
{"pmid": "1042520", "title": "Case study: hydatidiform mole.", "content": "Case study: hydatidiform mole.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042520"}
{"pmid": "1042522", "title": "Recent advances in teaching methods.", "content": "Recent advances in teaching methods.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042522"}
{"pmid": "1042523", "title": "Epidural analgesia in obstetrics.", "content": "Epidural analgesia in obstetrics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042523"}
{"pmid": "1042524", "title": "A brief look at SI units.", "content": "A brief look at SI units.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042524"}
{"pmid": "1042525", "title": "Why breast feeding is good for mother and baby.", "content": "Why breast feeding is good for mother and baby.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042525"}
{"pmid": "1042526", "title": "Crisis in the national health service?", "content": "Crisis in the national health service?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042526"}
{"pmid": "1042527", "title": "Changes in infections in midwifery since the 1930s.", "content": "Changes in infections in midwifery since the 1930s.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042527"}
{"pmid": "1042528", "title": "A Danish teaching scheme.", "content": "A Danish teaching scheme.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042528"}
{"pmid": "1042529", "title": "\"Ambition, distraction, uglification and derision\".", "content": "\"Ambition, distraction, uglification and derision\".", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042529"}
{"pmid": "1042533", "title": "Diary of a WHO fellow.", "content": "Diary of a WHO fellow.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042533"}
{"pmid": "1042534", "title": "\"Code 66!\" From anxious \"amateurs\" to smooth-working code team.", "content": "\"Code 66!\" From anxious \"amateurs\" to smooth-working code team.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042534"}
{"pmid": "1042537", "title": "Refining your I.V. therapy techniques.", "content": "Refining your I.V. therapy techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042537"}
{"pmid": "1042535", "title": "Cancer chemotherapy.", "content": "Cancer chemotherapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042535"}
{"pmid": "1042536", "title": "Caring makes the difference. Nursing grand rounds.", "content": "Caring makes the difference. Nursing grand rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042536"}
{"pmid": "1042538", "title": "Debbie got attention...the hard way.", "content": "Debbie got attention...the hard way.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042538"}
{"pmid": "1042539", "title": "What you should know about communicable diseases and their immunizations. A guide for nurses in ambulatory settings. Part III. Mumps, chickenpox, and diarrhea.", "content": "What you should know about communicable diseases and their immunizations. A guide for nurses in ambulatory settings. Part III. Mumps, chickenpox, and diarrhea.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042539"}
{"pmid": "1042540", "title": "Getting control of Wayne.", "content": "Getting control of Wayne.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042540"}
{"pmid": "1042542", "title": "Fari's baby.", "content": "Fari's baby.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042542"}
{"pmid": "1042541", "title": "Job evaluations: giving and getting them--with less of a hassle.", "content": "Job evaluations: giving and getting them--with less of a hassle.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042541"}
{"pmid": "1042543", "title": "Diabetic teaching: how to win your patient's cooperation in his care.", "content": "Diabetic teaching: how to win your patient's cooperation in his care.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042543"}
{"pmid": "1042545", "title": "Rheumatoid arthritis: managing it more successfully.", "content": "Rheumatoid arthritis: managing it more successfully.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042545"}
{"pmid": "1042544", "title": "Rheumatoid arthritis: understanding it more fully.", "content": "Rheumatoid arthritis: understanding it more fully.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042544"}
{"pmid": "1042546", "title": "Rheumatoid arthritis: living with it more comfortably.", "content": "Rheumatoid arthritis: living with it more comfortably.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042546"}
{"pmid": "1042547", "title": "Families in crisis; knowing when and how to help.", "content": "Families in crisis; knowing when and how to help.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042547"}
{"pmid": "1042550", "title": "Why not become a diabetes nurse specialist?", "content": "Why not become a diabetes nurse specialist?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042550"}
{"pmid": "1042549", "title": "Juggling patients on the head of a pin or how much can a mere mortal do?", "content": "Juggling patients on the head of a pin or how much can a mere mortal do?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042549"}
{"pmid": "1042548", "title": "The alcoholic employee. How the nurse can help.", "content": "The alcoholic employee. How the nurse can help.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042548"}
{"pmid": "1042551", "title": "Microbiologic studies: Part 2. Improving your role in blood culture procedures.", "content": "Microbiologic studies: Part 2. Improving your role in blood culture procedures.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042551"}
{"pmid": "1042552", "title": "Nursing and poetry don't mix.", "content": "Nursing and poetry don't mix.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042552"}
{"pmid": "1042553", "title": "Understanding the extrapyramidal system.", "content": "Understanding the extrapyramidal system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042553"}
{"pmid": "1042554", "title": "A \"second skin\" for patients with large, draining wounds.", "content": "A \"second skin\" for patients with large, draining wounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042554"}
{"pmid": "1042555", "title": "Septic shock in a burn patient. Nursing grand rounds.", "content": "Septic shock in a burn patient. Nursing grand rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042555"}
{"pmid": "1042556", "title": "Anticonvulsant drugs and the epileptic's dilemma.", "content": "Anticonvulsant drugs and the epileptic's dilemma.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042556"}
{"pmid": "1042557", "title": "Standing firm.", "content": "Standing firm.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042557"}
{"pmid": "1042558", "title": "Electricity and electrical safety in the hospital.", "content": "Electricity and electrical safety in the hospital.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042558"}
{"pmid": "1042559", "title": "You can prevent suicide.", "content": "You can prevent suicide.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042559"}
{"pmid": "1042560", "title": "Physical examination. Part 13. Examining the abdomen.", "content": "Physical examination. Part 13. Examining the abdomen.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042560"}
{"pmid": "1042561", "title": "Syphilis and gonorrhea: an update for nurses in ambulatory settings.", "content": "Syphilis and gonorrhea: an update for nurses in ambulatory settings.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042561"}
{"pmid": "1042562", "title": "Malpractice; how good is your insurance protection?", "content": "Malpractice; how good is your insurance protection?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042562"}
{"pmid": "1042563", "title": "Microbiologic studies: Part 3. The problems with respiratory tract cultures--and what you can do about them.", "content": "Microbiologic studies: Part 3. The problems with respiratory tract cultures--and what you can do about them.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042563"}
{"pmid": "1042564", "title": "Tips for improving urine testing techniques.", "content": "Tips for improving urine testing techniques.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042564"}
{"pmid": "1042566", "title": "Physical examination. Part 14. Male genitalia.", "content": "Physical examination. Part 14. Male genitalia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042566"}
{"pmid": "1042565", "title": "Better ways to cope with C.O.P.D.", "content": "Better ways to cope with C.O.P.D.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042565"}
{"pmid": "1042568", "title": "Go fight city hall.", "content": "Go fight city hall.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042568"}
{"pmid": "1042567", "title": "Guidelines for more effective health teaching.", "content": "Guidelines for more effective health teaching.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042567"}
{"pmid": "1042571", "title": "Proper charting is important.", "content": "Proper charting is important.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042571"}
{"pmid": "1042569", "title": "Salvaging an unwilling life. Nursing grand rounds.", "content": "Salvaging an unwilling life. Nursing grand rounds.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042569"}
{"pmid": "1042570", "title": "HHNK (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma); a newly recognized syndrome to watch for.", "content": "HHNK (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma); a newly recognized syndrome to watch for.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042570"}
{"pmid": "1042572", "title": "The spaghetti theory of leadership (and other saucy ideas).", "content": "The spaghetti theory of leadership (and other saucy ideas).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042572"}
{"pmid": "1042573", "title": "The utilization review coordinator--a different kind of nurse.", "content": "The utilization review coordinator--a different kind of nurse.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042573"}
{"pmid": "1042574", "title": "Editorial: The OH team at work.", "content": "Editorial: The OH team at work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042574"}
{"pmid": "1042575", "title": "OH Congress. The information gap.", "content": "OH Congress. The information gap.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042575"}
{"pmid": "1042578", "title": "OH Congress session. Asbestos.", "content": "OH Congress session. Asbestos.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042578"}
{"pmid": "1042576", "title": "OH Congress. The place of OH in the community.", "content": "OH Congress. The place of OH in the community.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042576"}
{"pmid": "1042577", "title": "OH Congress session. Ergonomics.", "content": "OH Congress session. Ergonomics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042577"}
{"pmid": "1042579", "title": "OH Congress. Day-release as a scheme of study.", "content": "OH Congress. Day-release as a scheme of study.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042579"}
{"pmid": "1042580", "title": "OH Congress. Stress and the young worker.", "content": "OH Congress. Stress and the young worker.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042580"}
{"pmid": "1042581", "title": "Plumbing the shallows.", "content": "Plumbing the shallows.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042581"}
{"pmid": "1042582", "title": "Safety. Splendid isolation.", "content": "Safety. Splendid isolation.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042582"}
{"pmid": "1042583", "title": "Editorial: Vital statistics.", "content": "Editorial: Vital statistics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042583"}
{"pmid": "1042584", "title": "OH Congress. Hydrofluoric acid burns.", "content": "OH Congress. Hydrofluoric acid burns.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042584"}
{"pmid": "1042585", "title": "OH Congress session. Relationship between OH and other services.", "content": "OH Congress session. Relationship between OH and other services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042585"}
{"pmid": "1042586", "title": "OH Congress session. Noise and vibration.", "content": "OH Congress session. Noise and vibration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042586"}
{"pmid": "1042589", "title": "The age of chivalry?", "content": "The age of chivalry?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042589"}
{"pmid": "1042588", "title": "Burn treatment in Bahrain.", "content": "Burn treatment in Bahrain.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042588"}
{"pmid": "1042587", "title": "OH Congress session. Shift work.", "content": "OH Congress session. Shift work.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042587"}
{"pmid": "1042590", "title": "Safety economics.", "content": "Safety economics.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042590"}
{"pmid": "1042592", "title": "Editorial: Opportunity lost.", "content": "Editorial: Opportunity lost.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042592"}
{"pmid": "1042591", "title": "Assessment of damages.", "content": "Assessment of damages.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042591"}
{"pmid": "1042593", "title": "A medical record system.", "content": "A medical record system.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042593"}
{"pmid": "1042594", "title": "Local authority OH services.", "content": "Local authority OH services.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042594"}
{"pmid": "1042595", "title": "Safety. Construction management.", "content": "Safety. Construction management.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042595"}
{"pmid": "1042596", "title": "Winter's scourge.", "content": "Winter's scourge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042596"}
{"pmid": "1042597", "title": "Safety in space.", "content": "Safety in space.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042597"}
{"pmid": "1042600", "title": "Tutorial: health interviews. 7.", "content": "Tutorial: health interviews. 7.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042600"}
{"pmid": "1042602", "title": "Licence to work?", "content": "Licence to work?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042602"}
{"pmid": "1042598", "title": "Employment Medical Advisory Service (EMAS).", "content": "Employment Medical Advisory Service (EMAS).", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042598"}
{"pmid": "1042599", "title": "The Permanent Commission.", "content": "The Permanent Commission.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042599"}
{"pmid": "1042603", "title": "Pediatric orthopaedic nursing: a tradition and a challenge.", "content": "Pediatric orthopaedic nursing: a tradition and a challenge.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042603"}
{"pmid": "1042601", "title": "Safety: catering food hygiene.", "content": "Safety: catering food hygiene.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042601"}
{"pmid": "1042604", "title": "A ten-minute examination to pinpoint skeletal injuries.", "content": "A ten-minute examination to pinpoint skeletal injuries.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042604"}
{"pmid": "1042606", "title": "Orthopedic nursing action.", "content": "Orthopedic nursing action.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042606"}
{"pmid": "1042605", "title": "Nursing care of the orthopedic patient in the operating room.", "content": "Nursing care of the orthopedic patient in the operating room.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042605"}
{"pmid": "1042607", "title": "Scoliosis detection.", "content": "Scoliosis detection.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042607"}
{"pmid": "1042609", "title": "Parathyroid adenoma--an orthopedic problem?", "content": "Parathyroid adenoma--an orthopedic problem?", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042609"}
{"pmid": "1042608", "title": "Orthopedic nurses start thinking metric.", "content": "Orthopedic nurses start thinking metric.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042608"}
{"pmid": "1042610", "title": "Intravenous regional anesthesia.", "content": "Intravenous regional anesthesia.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042610"}
{"pmid": "1042611", "title": "Continuous closed tube irrigation and suction therapy.", "content": "Continuous closed tube irrigation and suction therapy.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042611"}
{"pmid": "1042613", "title": "Articulation of health occupations programs career mobility in Oklahoma highschool - practical nursing - associate degree. II.", "content": "Articulation of health occupations programs career mobility in Oklahoma highschool - practical nursing - associate degree. II.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042613"}
{"pmid": "1042612", "title": "The nonoperative management of scoliosis.", "content": "The nonoperative management of scoliosis.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042612"}
{"pmid": "1042629", "title": "Air borne contamination in operation theatres.", "content": "Air borne contamination in operation theatres.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042629"}
{"pmid": "1042630", "title": "Acupuncture.", "content": "Acupuncture.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042630"}
{"pmid": "1042631", "title": "Role of the nurse and the midwife in MCH/family planning programme.", "content": "Role of the nurse and the midwife in MCH/family planning programme. A nurse or midwife plays a many-faceted role in maternal and child health services into which family planning has been integrated.  Many factors influence the role definition of these personnel, including professional preparation, work-situation, level of responsibility, regulatory policies, sociocultural factors, and personal attitudes and beliefs toward health and family planning.  In spite of variance in these factors, the nurse's or midwife's goal of maintenance, promotion, and restoration of the health and well-being of patients remains clearly defined.  Several broad areas in which she is expected to make her contribution include communication and transmission of information, motivation, case-finding and referral, clinical activities, supervision and education, administration and planning, and research and evaluation.  Maintenanc of high educational standards for nurses and midwives is required to prepare them to work with the medical profession toward the common goal of better national health standards.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042631"}
{"pmid": "1042632", "title": "Psyco-social care of the paralyzed child. A technique in intensive care nursing.", "content": "Psyco-social care of the paralyzed child. A technique in intensive care nursing.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1042632"}